Sample records for activities form n-400

  1. 75 FR 51096 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-400; Extension of an Existing Information...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-18

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-400; Extension of an Existing Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 60-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review; Form N- 400, Application for Naturalization... the Form N-400. Should USCIS decide to revise Form N-400 we will advise the public when we publish the...

  2. 75 FR 70277 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-400, Extension of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-11-17

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-400, Extension of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 400, Application for Naturalization... Security sponsoring the collection: Form N-400; U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). (4...

  3. 76 FR 69275 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-400, Extension of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-08

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-400, Extension of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 400, Application for Naturalization... sponsoring the collection: Form N-400. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. (4) Affected public who...

  4. 46 CFR 403.400 - Uniform pilot's source form.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 8 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Uniform pilot's source form. 403.400 Section 403.400... ACCOUNTING SYSTEM Source Forms § 403.400 Uniform pilot's source form. (a) Each Association shall record pilotage transactions on a form approved by the Director. The approved form shall be issued to pilots by...

  5. Accessing world knowledge: evidence from N400 and reaction time priming.

    PubMed

    Chwilla, Dorothee J; Kolk, Herman H J

    2005-12-01

    How fast are we in accessing world knowledge? In two experiments, we tested for priming for word triplets that described a conceptual script (e.g., DIRECTOR-BRIBE-DISMISSAL) but were not associatively related and did not share a category relationship. Event-related brain potentials were used to track the time course at which script information becomes available. In Experiment 1, in which participants made lexical decisions, we found a facilitation for script-related relative to unrelated triplets, as indicated by (i) a decrease in both reaction time and errors, and (ii) an N400-like priming effect. In Experiment 2, we further explored the locus of script priming by increasing the contribution of meaning integration processes. The participants' task was to indicate whether the three words presented a plausible scenario. Again, an N400 script priming effect was obtained. Directing attention to script relations was effective in enhancing the N400 effect. The time course of the N400 effect was similar to that of the standard N400 effect to semantic relations. The present results show that script priming can be obtained in the visual modality, and that script information is immediately accessed and integrated with context. This supports the view that script information forms a central aspect of word meaning. The RT and N400 script priming effects reported in this article are problematic for most current semantic priming models, like spreading activation models, expectancy models, and task-specific semantic matching/integration models. They support a view in which there is no clear cutoff point between semantic knowledge and world knowledge.

  6. The N400 as an index of racial stereotype accessibility.

    PubMed

    Hehman, Eric; Volpert, Hannah I; Simons, Robert F

    2014-04-01

    The current research examined the viability of the N400, an event-related potential (ERP) related to the detection of semantic incongruity, as an index of both stereotype accessibility and interracial prejudice. Participants' EEG was recorded while they completed a sequential priming task, in which negative or positive, stereotypically black (African American) or white (Caucasian American) traits followed the presentation of either a black or white face acting as a prime. ERP examination focused on the N400, but additionally examined N100 and P200 reactivity. Replicating and extending previous N400 stereotype research, results indicated that the N400 can indeed function as an index of stereotype accessibility in an interracial domain, as greater N400 reactivity was elicited by trials in which the face prime was incongruent with the target trait than when primes and traits matched. Furthermore, N400 activity was moderated by participants' self-reported explicit bias. More explicitly biased participants demonstrated greater N400 reactivity to stereotypically white traits following black faces than black traits following black faces. P200 activity was additionally associated with participants' implicit biases, as more implicitly biased participants similarly demonstrated greater P200 reactivity to stereotypically white traits following black faces than black traits following black faces.

  7. Electrocortical N400 Effects of Semantic Satiation

    PubMed Central

    Ströberg, Kim; Andersen, Lau M.; Wiens, Stefan

    2017-01-01

    Semantic satiation is characterised by the subjective and temporary loss of meaning after high repetition of a prime word. To study the nature of this effect, previous electroencephalography (EEG) research recorded the N400, an ERP component that is sensitive to violations of semantic context. The N400 is characterised by a relative negativity to words that are unrelated vs. related to the semantic context. The semantic satiation hypothesis predicts that the N400 should decrease with high repetition. However, previous findings have been inconsistent. Because of these inconsistent findings and the shortcomings of previous research, we used a modified design that minimises confounding effects from non-semantic processes. We recorded 64-channel EEG and analysed the N400 in a semantic priming task in which the primes were repeated 3 or 30 times. Critically, we separated low and high repetition trials and excluded response trials. Further, we varied the physical features (letter case and format) of consecutive primes to minimise confounding effects from perceptual habituation. For centrofrontal electrodes, the N400 was reduced after 30 repetitions (vs. 3 repetitions). Explorative source reconstructions suggested that activity decreased after 30 repetitions in bilateral inferior temporal gyrus, the right posterior section of the superior and middle temporal gyrus, right supramarginal gyrus, bilateral lateral occipital cortex, and bilateral lateral orbitofrontal cortex. These areas overlap broadly with those typically involved in the N400, namely middle temporal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus. The results support the semantic rather than the perceptual nature of the satiation effect. PMID:29375411

  8. Social conflicts elicit an N400-like component.

    PubMed

    Huang, Yi; Kendrick, Keith M; Yu, Rongjun

    2014-12-01

    When people have different opinions, they often adjust their own attitude to match that of others, known as social conformity. How social conflicts trigger subsequent conformity remains unclear. One possibility is that a conflict with the group opinion is perceived as a violation of social information, analogous to using wrong grammar, and activates conflict monitoring and adjustment mechanisms. Using event related potential (ERP) recording combined with a face attractiveness judgment task, we investigated the neural encoding of social conflicts. We found that social conflicts elicit an N400-like negative deflection, being more negative for conflict with group opinions than no-conflict condition. The social conflict related signals also have a bi-directional profile similar to reward prediction error signals: it was more negative for under-estimation (i.e. one׳s own ratings were smaller than group ratings) than over-estimation, and the larger the differences between ratings, the larger the N400 amplitude. The N400 effects were significantly diminished in the non-social condition. We conclude that social conflicts are encoded in a bidirectional fashion in the N400-like component, similar to the pattern of reward-based prediction error signals. Our findings also suggest that the N400, a well-established ERP component encoding semantic violation, might be involved in social conflict processing and social learning. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. Modeling the N400 ERP component as transient semantic over-activation within a neural network model of word comprehension

    PubMed Central

    Cheyette, Samuel J.; Plaut, David C.

    2016-01-01

    The study of the N400 event-related brain potential has provided fundamental insights into the nature of real-time comprehension processes, and its amplitude is modulated by a wide variety of stimulus and context factors. It is generally thought to reflect the difficulty of semantic access, but formulating a precise characterization of this process has proved difficult. Laszlo and colleagues (Laszlo & Plaut, 2012, Brain and Language, 120, 271-281; Laszlo & Armstrong, 2014, Brain and Language, 132, 22-27) used physiologically constrained neural networks to model the N400 as transient over-activation within semantic representations, arising as a consequence of the distribution of excitation and inhibition within and between cortical areas. The current work extends this approach to successfully model effects on both N400 amplitudes and behavior of word frequency, semantic richness, repetition, semantic and associative priming, and orthographic neighborhood size. The account is argued to be preferable to one based on “implicit semantic prediction error” (Rabovsky & McRae, 2014, Cognition, 132, 68-98) for a number of reasons, the most fundamental of which is that the current model actually produces N400-like waveforms in its real-time activation dynamics. PMID:27871623

  10. Modeling the N400 ERP component as transient semantic over-activation within a neural network model of word comprehension.

    PubMed

    Cheyette, Samuel J; Plaut, David C

    2017-05-01

    The study of the N400 event-related brain potential has provided fundamental insights into the nature of real-time comprehension processes, and its amplitude is modulated by a wide variety of stimulus and context factors. It is generally thought to reflect the difficulty of semantic access, but formulating a precise characterization of this process has proved difficult. Laszlo and colleagues (Laszlo & Plaut, 2012; Laszlo & Armstrong, 2014) used physiologically constrained neural networks to model the N400 as transient over-activation within semantic representations, arising as a consequence of the distribution of excitation and inhibition within and between cortical areas. The current work extends this approach to successfully model effects on both N400 amplitudes and behavior of word frequency, semantic richness, repetition, semantic and associative priming, and orthographic neighborhood size. The account is argued to be preferable to one based on "implicit semantic prediction error" (Rabovsky & McRae, 2014) for a number of reasons, the most fundamental of which is that the current model actually produces N400-like waveforms in its real-time activation dynamics. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  11. 46 CFR 403.400 - Uniform pilot's source form.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... ACCOUNTING SYSTEM Source Forms § 403.400 Uniform pilot's source form. (a) Each Association shall record... billing office for accounting record; (4) Third copy to pilot's own Association for pilot's personal...

  12. FN400 potentials are functionally identical to N400 potentials and reflect semantic processing during recognition testing

    PubMed Central

    Voss, Joel L.; Federmeier, Kara D.

    2010-01-01

    The “F” in FN400 denotes a more frontal scalp distribution relative to the morphologically similar N400 component—a distinction consistent with the hypothesized distinct roles of FN400 in familiarity memory versus N400 in language. However, no direct comparisons have substantiated these assumed dissimilarities. To this end, we manipulated short-term semantic priming during a recognition test. Semantic priming effects on N400 were indistinguishable from memory effects at the same latency, and semantic priming strongly modulated the “FN400,” despite having no influence on familiarity memory. Thus, no evidence suggested either electrophysiological or functional differences between the N400 and FN400, and findings were contrary to the linking of the “FN400” to familiarity. Instead, it appears that semantic/conceptual priming (reflected in the N400) occurs during recognition tests, and is frequently (mis)labeled as FN400 and attributed to familiarity. PMID:20701709

  13. Separating the FN400 and N400 potentials across recognition memory experiments

    PubMed Central

    Stróżak, Paweł; Abedzadeh, Delora; Curran, Tim

    2016-01-01

    There is a growing debate as to whether frontally distributed FN400 potentials reflect familiarity-based recognition or are functionally identical to centro-parietal N400 reflecting semantic processing. We conducted two experiments in which event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with semantic priming and recognition were recorded, either when priming was embedded within a recognition test (Experiment 1), or when these two phases were separated (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, we observed 300–500 ms differences between primed and unprimed old words as well as differences between old and new primed words, but these two effects did not differ topographically and both showed midline central maxima. In Experiment 2, the N400 for priming was recorded exclusively during encoding and again showed a midline central distribution. The ERP component of recognition was only found for unrelated words (not primed previously during encoding), and also showed a midline central maximum, but, in addition, was present in the left frontal area of the scalp. Conversely, the priming effect was absent in the left frontal cluster. This pattern of results indicate that FN400 and N400 potentials share similar neural generators; but when priming and recognition are not confounded, these potentials do not entirely overlap in terms of topographical distribution and presumably reflect functionally distinct processes. PMID:26776478

  14. N-Tosylhydrazone directed annulation via C-H/N-N bond activation in Ru(ii)/PEG-400 as homogeneous recyclable catalytic system: a green synthesis of isoquinolines.

    PubMed

    Deshmukh, Dewal S; Bhanage, Bhalchandra M

    2018-06-21

    A green and sustainable methodology for the synthesis of isoquinolines using Ru(ii)/PEG-400 as a homogeneous recyclable catalytic system has been demonstrated. N-Tosylhydrazone, a rarely explored directing group, has been successfully employed for an annulation type of reaction with alkynes via C-H/N-N activation. A short reaction time with a simple extraction procedure, a wide substrate scope with high yields of products, easily prepared substrates, biodegradable solvent, and scalability up to the gram level enhance the efficiency and sustainability of the proposed protocol. Further, the expensive ruthenium-based homogeneous catalytic system could be reused up to a fourth consecutive cycle without any loss in its activity.

  15. Multimodal characterization of the semantic N400 response within a rapid evaluation brain vital sign framework.

    PubMed

    Ghosh Hajra, Sujoy; Liu, Careesa C; Song, Xiaowei; Fickling, Shaun D; Cheung, Teresa P L; D'Arcy, Ryan C N

    2018-06-04

    For nearly four decades, the N400 has been an important brainwave marker of semantic processing. It can be recorded non-invasively from the scalp using electrical and/or magnetic sensors, but largely within the restricted domain of research laboratories specialized to run specific N400 experiments. However, there is increasing evidence of significant clinical utility for the N400 in neurological evaluation, particularly at the individual level. To enable clinical applications, we recently reported a rapid evaluation framework known as "brain vital signs" that successfully incorporated the N400 response as one of the core components for cognitive function evaluation. The current study characterized the rapidly evoked N400 response to demonstrate that it shares consistent features with traditional N400 responses acquired in research laboratory settings-thereby enabling its translation into brain vital signs applications. Data were collected from 17 healthy individuals using magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG), with analysis of sensor-level effects as well as evaluation of brain sources. Individual-level N400 responses were classified using machine learning to determine the percentage of participants in whom the response was successfully detected. The N400 response was observed in both M/EEG modalities showing significant differences to incongruent versus congruent condition in the expected time range (p < 0.05). Also as expected, N400-related brain activity was observed in the temporal and inferior frontal cortical regions, with typical left-hemispheric asymmetry. Classification robustly confirmed the N400 effect at the individual level with high accuracy (89%), sensitivity (0.88) and specificity (0.90). The brain vital sign N400 characteristics were highly consistent with features of the previously reported N400 responses acquired using traditional laboratory-based experiments. These results provide important evidence supporting

  16. 22 CFR 146.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Education programs or activities. 146.400... IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 146.400 Education programs or activities...

  17. 49 CFR 25.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Education programs or activities. 25.400 Section... IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 25.400 Education programs or activities...

  18. 22 CFR 146.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Education programs or activities. 146.400... IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 146.400 Education programs or activities...

  19. 49 CFR 25.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Education programs or activities. 25.400 Section... IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 25.400 Education programs or activities...

  20. 28 CFR 54.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Education programs or activities. 54.400... SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 54.400 Education programs or activities...

  1. 22 CFR 229.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Education programs or activities. 229.400... SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 229.400 Education programs or activities...

  2. 22 CFR 229.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Education programs or activities. 229.400... SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 229.400 Education programs or activities...

  3. 10 CFR 1042.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Education programs or activities. 1042.400 Section 1042... EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 1042.400 Education programs or activities. (a...

  4. N400 ERPs for actions: building meaning in context

    PubMed Central

    Amoruso, Lucía; Gelormini, Carlos; Aboitiz, Francisco; Alvarez González, Miguel; Manes, Facundo; Cardona, Juan F.; Ibanez, Agustín

    2013-01-01

    Converging neuroscientific evidence suggests the existence of close links between language and sensorimotor cognition. Accordingly, during the comprehension of meaningful actions, our brain would recruit semantic-related operations similar to those associated with the processing of language information. Consistent with this view, electrophysiological findings show that the N400 component, traditionally linked to the semantic processing of linguistic material, can also be elicited by action-related material. This review outlines recent data from N400 studies that examine the understanding of action events. We focus on three specific domains, including everyday action comprehension, co-speech gesture integration, and the semantics involved in motor planning and execution. Based on the reviewed findings, we suggest that both negativities (the N400 and the action-N400) reflect a common neurocognitive mechanism involved in the construction of meaning through the expectancies created by previous experiences and current contextual information. To shed light on how this process is instantiated in the brain, a testable contextual fronto-temporo-parietal model is proposed. PMID:23459873

  5. N400 elicited by incongruent ending words of Chinese idioms in healthy adults.

    PubMed

    Chen, Xing-shi; Tang, Yun-xiang; Xiao, Ze-ping; Wang, Ji-jun; Zhang, Ming-dao; Zhang, Zai-fu; Hu, Zhen-yu; Lou, Fei-ying; Chen, Chong; Zhang, Tian-hong

    2010-03-20

    Prior research about N400 has been mainly based on English stimuli, while the cognitive processing of Chinese characters is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to further investigate the semantic processing of Chinese idioms. Event related potentials (ERP) component N400 was elicited by 38 pairs of matching (congruent) and mismatching (incongruent) ended Chinese idioms: ending words with same phoneme but different shape and meaning (sPdSdM), with similar shape but different phoneme and meaning (sSdPdM), with same meaning but different phoneme and shape (sMdPdS), and words with different phoneme, shape and meaning (dPdSdM) and recorded by Guangzhou Runjie WJ-1 ERP instruments. In 62 right-handed healthy adults (age 19 - 50 years), N400 amplitudes and latencies were compared between matching and mismatching conditions at Fz, Cz and Pz. N400 showed a midline distribution and could be elicited in electrodes Fz, Cz and Pz. The mean values of N400 latencies and amplitudes were obtained for matching and mismatching ending words in healthy adults. Significant differences were found in N400 latencies and amplitudes in matching and mismatching ending-words idioms in healthy adults (P < 0.05). Compared with matching ending-words idioms, N400 latencies were prolonged and the amplitudes were increased in mismatching ones. N400s elicited by different types of stimuli showed different latencies and amplitudes, and longest N400 latency and largest N400 amplitude were elicited by ending-words with dPdSdM. No gender difference was found of N400 latency and amplitude in this study (P > 0.05). Compared with English stimuli, Chinese ideographic words could provide more flexible stimuli for N400 research in that the words have 3-dimension changes - phoneme, shape and meaning. Features of N400 elicited by matching and mismatching ending words in Chinese idioms are mainly determined by the meaning of the word. Some issues of N400 elicited by Chinese characters deserve further

  6. P-n junctions formed in gallium antimonide

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Clough, R.; Richman, D.; Tietjen, J.

    1970-01-01

    Vapor phase deposition process forms a heavily doped n-region on a melt-grown p-type gallium antimonide substrate. HCl transports gallium to the reaction zone, where it combines with antimony hydride and the dopant carrier, hydrogen telluride. Temperatures as low as 400 degrees C are required.

  7. 40 CFR 5.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Education programs or activities. 5.400... BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 5.400 Education programs or...

  8. 14 CFR 1253.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2011-01-01 2010-01-01 true Education programs or activities. 1253.400... THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 1253.400 Education programs...

  9. 43 CFR 41.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Education programs or activities. 41.400... BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 41.400 Education programs or...

  10. 14 CFR 1253.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Education programs or activities. 1253.400... THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 1253.400 Education programs...

  11. Knowledge inhibition and N400: a study with words that look like common words.

    PubMed

    Debruille, J B

    1998-04-01

    In addition to their own representations, low frequency words, such as BRIBE, can covertly activate the representations of higher frequency words they look like (e.g., BRIDE). Hence, look-alike words can activate knowledge that is incompatible with the knowledge corresponding to accurate representations. Comparatively, eccentric words, that is, low frequency words that do not look as much like higher frequency words, are less likely to activate incompatible knowledge. This study focuses on the hypothesis that the N400 component of the event-related potential reflects the inhibition of incompatible knowledge. This hypothesis predicts that look-alike words elicit N400s of greater amplitudes than eccentric words in conditions where incompatible knowledge is inhibited. Results from a single item lexical decision experiment are reported which support the inhibition hypothesis. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.

  12. 6 CFR 17.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 6 Domestic Security 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Education programs or activities. 17.400 Section... ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 17.400 Education programs or...

  13. 45 CFR 618.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Education programs or activities. 618.400 Section... NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 618.400 Education programs or...

  14. 6 CFR 17.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 6 Domestic Security 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Education programs or activities. 17.400 Section... ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 17.400 Education programs or...

  15. 24 CFR 598.400 - HUD grants for planning activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false HUD grants for planning activities. 598.400 Section 598.400 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban... DESIGNATIONS Post-Designation Requirements § 598.400 HUD grants for planning activities. (a) HUD will award...

  16. 24 CFR 598.400 - HUD grants for planning activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2014-04-01 2013-04-01 true HUD grants for planning activities. 598.400 Section 598.400 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban... DESIGNATIONS Post-Designation Requirements § 598.400 HUD grants for planning activities. (a) HUD will award...

  17. 24 CFR 598.400 - HUD grants for planning activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false HUD grants for planning activities. 598.400 Section 598.400 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban... DESIGNATIONS Post-Designation Requirements § 598.400 HUD grants for planning activities. (a) HUD will award...

  18. Contextual Modulation of N400 Amplitude to Lexically Ambiguous Words

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Titone, Debra A.; Salisbury, Dean F.

    2004-01-01

    Through much is known about the N400 component, an event-related EEG potential that is sensitive to semantic manipulations, it is unclear whether modulations of N400 amplitude reflect automatic processing, controlled processing, or both. We examined this issue using a semantic judgment task that manipulated local and global contextual cues. Word…

  19. A Neurocomputational Model of the N400 and the P600 in Language Processing

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Brouwer, Harm; Crocker, Matthew W.; Venhuizen, Noortje J.; Hoeks, John C. J.

    2017-01-01

    Ten years ago, researchers using event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to study language comprehension were puzzled by what looked like a "Semantic Illusion": Semantically anomalous, but structurally well-formed sentences did not affect the N400 component--traditionally taken to reflect semantic integration--but instead produced a P600…

  20. 10 CFR 5.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Education programs or activities. 5.400 Section 5.400 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or...

  1. 49 CFR 25.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 25.400 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX... Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 25.400 Education programs or activities... basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to...

  2. 10 CFR 5.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Education programs or activities. 5.400 Section 5.400 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or...

  3. 29 CFR 36.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Education programs or activities. 36.400 Section 36.400 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or...

  4. N400 and the activation of prejudice against rural migrant workers in China.

    PubMed

    Wang, Lei; Ma, Qingguo; Song, Zhaofeng; Shi, Yisi; Wang, Yi; Pfotenhauer, Lydia

    2011-02-23

    Rural migrant workers (RMWs) are a special social group under the household registration system in China. Although RMWs work in the city, they are not issued a permanent city resident card, and are hardly integrated into the city life. City residents harbour strong negative stereotypes about RMWs. Facing a word-pair comprising a status noun (RMWs vs. Unban workers) followed by an adjective, 16 young participants were required to classify the adjective as being either negative or positive, while the event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded. An ERP component identified as the N400 was found, and was studied with the question whether its amplitude reflected the effects of prejudice against RMWs. The reaction times to identify the positive adjectives preceded by the nouns pertaining to RMWs were significantly longer than to those preceded by nouns denoting Urban workers. The amplitude of the N400 evoked in RMW-Positive adjective condition was significantly larger than in Urban worker-Positive adjective condition, possibly reflecting the higher conflict when participants identified the adjectives as positive primed by RMWs. These findings revealed that negative stereotypes about RMWs still exist today, although Chinese mainstream media has disseminated positive messages about the RMWs for decades. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  5. 75 FR 51094 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-600; Extension of an Existing Information...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-18

    ...-0057] Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-600; Extension of an Existing Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 60-Day Notice of Information Collection under Review; Form N- 600... be evaluating whether to revise the Form N-600. Should USCIS decide to revise Form N-600 we will...

  6. N400 as an index of uncontrolled categorization processing in brand extension.

    PubMed

    Wang, Xiaoyi; Ma, Qingguo; Wang, Cuicui

    2012-09-06

    This study examined the ERP (event-related potential) correlates of categorization processing in brand extension with irrelative task. Participants faced two sequential stimuli in a pair consisting of a soft drink brand name (S1) and a product name (S2) which comprised two categories: beverage (typical product of the brand, e.g. Coke branded soda water) and clothing (atypical product of the brand, even though sometimes it was seen in the real market, e.g. Coke branded sport wear). The N400 was recorded and more largely distributed in frontal, frontal-central and central areas when S2 was clothing compared with beverage. The study did not require the participants to evaluate that the brand extension was appropriate or not, the N400 recorded here was, therefore, irrelative to the task difficulty and the conscious categorization process. We speculated that it reflected an integration processing related with the mental category. The brand performed the role of prime which aroused the participants' association of the brand-related typical products and attributes retrieving from their long term memory. The product name activated an unconscious processing of comparison between the brand and the product. In this process, the participant treated the brand as a mental category and classified the product as a member of it. There would be a large cognitive reaction which elicited the N400 if the product's attributes were atypical to the category of the brand. These findings might help us understand the N400 component in unconscious mental categorization and supported the categorization hypotheses in brand extension theory which was crucial in consumer psychology. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  7. 75 FR 51096 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-470; Extension of an Existing Information...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-18

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-470; Extension of an Existing Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 60-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review; Form N- 470, Application To Preserve Residence... evaluating whether to revise the Form N-470. Should USCIS decide to revise Form N-470 we will advise the...

  8. Graded effects of regularity in language revealed by N400 indices of morphological priming.

    PubMed

    Kielar, Aneta; Joanisse, Marc F

    2010-07-01

    Differential electrophysiological effects for regular and irregular linguistic forms have been used to support the theory that grammatical rules are encoded using a dedicated cognitive mechanism. The alternative hypothesis is that language systematicities are encoded probabilistically in a way that does not categorically distinguish rule-like and irregular forms. In the present study, this matter was investigated more closely by focusing specifically on whether the regular-irregular distinction in English past tenses is categorical or graded. We compared the ERP priming effects of regulars (baked-bake), vowel-change irregulars (sang-sing), and "suffixed" irregulars that display a partial regularity (suffixed irregular verbs, e.g., slept-sleep), as well as forms that are related strictly along formal or semantic dimensions. Participants performed a visual lexical decision task with either visual (Experiment 1) or auditory prime (Experiment 2). Stronger N400 priming effects were observed for regular than vowel-change irregular verbs, whereas suffixed irregulars tended to group with regular verbs. Subsequent analyses decomposed early versus late-going N400 priming, and suggested that differences among forms can be attributed to the orthographic similarity of prime and target. Effects of morphological relatedness were observed in the later-going time period, however, we failed to observe true regular-irregular dissociations in either experiment. The results indicate that morphological effects emerge from the interaction of orthographic, phonological, and semantic overlap between words.

  9. 76 FR 27078 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-426, Extension of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-10

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-426, Extension of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 60-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 426, Request for Certification of... whether to revise the Form N-426. Should USCIS decide to revise Form N-426 we will advise the public when...

  10. Semantic Processing in Children and Adults: Incongruity and the N400

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Benau, Erik M.; Morris, Joanna; Couperus, J. W.

    2011-01-01

    Semantic processing in 10-year-old children and adults was examined using event related potentials (ERPs). The N400 component, an index of semantic processing, was studied in relation to sentences that ended with congruent, moderately incongruent, or strongly incongruent words. N400 amplitude in adults corresponded to levels of semantic…

  11. Predictability effect on N400 reflects the severity of reading comprehension deficits in aphasia.

    PubMed

    Chang, Chih-Ting; Lee, Chia-Ying; Chou, Chia-Ju; Fuh, Jong-Ling; Wu, Hsin-Chi

    2016-01-29

    Predictability effect on N400, in which low predictability words elicited a larger N400 than high predictability words did over central to posterior electrodes, has been used to index difficulty of lexical retrieval and semantic integration of words in sentence comprehension. This study examined predictability effect on N400 in aphasic patients to determine if the properties of N400 are suited to indexing the severity of reading comprehension deficits. Patients with aphasia were divided into high and low ability groups based on scores on the reading comprehension subtest in the Chinese Concise Aphasia Test (CCAT). The two aphasia groups, a group of healthy elders who were age-matched to the aphasic participants, and a group of young adults, were requested to read sentences that either ended with highly predictable words or unexpected but plausible words, while undergoing electroencephalography (EEG). The young adult and healthy elderly groups exhibited the typical centro-parietal distributed effect of predictability on N400; however, healthy elders exhibited a reduced N400 effect in a delayed time window compared to the young adults. Compared with the elderly control, the high ability aphasia group exhibited a comparable N400 effect in a more restricted time window; by contrast, the low ability aphasia group exhibited a frontal distributed N400 in a much later time window (400-700 ms). These data suggest that the severity of reading comprehension deficits affects predictability effect on a set of N400 characteristics (i.e., amplitude, time window, and topographic distribution), which may be effective as ERP signatures in the evaluation of language recovery in aphasia. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  12. 75 FR 70278 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-600, Extension of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-11-17

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-600, Extension of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 600, Application for Certificate of... Homeland Security sponsoring the collection: Form N-600; U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS...

  13. 76 FR 45844 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-426, Extension of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-01

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-426, Extension of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 426, Request for Certification of... Department of Homeland Security sponsoring the collection: Form N-426. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration...

  14. 76 FR 39415 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-644, Extension of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-06

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-644, Extension of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 644, Application for Posthumous... Homeland Security sponsoring the collection: Form N-644; U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS...

  15. 76 FR 59710 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-600; Revision of an Existing Information...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-27

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-600; Revision of an Existing Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 60-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review; Form N- 600, Application for Certificate of... the applicable component of the Department of Homeland Security sponsoring the collection: Form N-600...

  16. 75 FR 30050 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-648, Revision of an Existing Information...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-05-28

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-648, Revision of an Existing Information Collection Request; Comment Request ACTION: 30[dash]Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N-648, Medical Certification for..., and the applicable component of the Department of Homeland Security sponsoring the collection: Form N...

  17. 75 FR 5099 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-648, Revision of an Existing Information...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-02-01

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-648, Revision of an Existing Information Collection Request; Comment Request ACTION: 60-day notice of information collection under review: Form N- 648, Medical Certification for..., and the applicable component of the Department of Homeland Security sponsoring the collection: Form N...

  18. 77 FR 128 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-600, Revision of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-03

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-600, Revision of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 600, Application for Certificate of..., and the applicable component of the Department of Homeland Security sponsoring the collection: Form N...

  19. 76 FR 63320 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-470, Revision of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-12

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-470, Revision of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 60-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 470, Application to Preserve... public comment period. Subsequently, USCIS decided to conduct a comprehensive revision of Form N-470...

  20. 76 FR 78674 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-470, Revision of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-19

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-470, Revision of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 470, Application To Preserve... of Homeland Security sponsoring the collection: Form N-470. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services...

  1. 13 CFR 147.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) SBA awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Awarding Officials § 147.400 What are my responsibilities as a(n) SBA awarding official? As a(n) SBA awarding official, you must obtain each recipient's agreement, as a condition of the award, to comply with...(n) SBA awarding official? 147.400 Section 147.400 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS...

  2. 75 FR 71451 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-470, Extension of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-11-23

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-470, Extension of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 470, Application to Preserve... collection: Form N-470; U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). (4) Affected public who will be...

  3. 75 FR 5098 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-565, Extension of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-02-01

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-565, Extension of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-day notice of information collection under review: Form N- 565, Application for Replacement... collection: Form N-565; U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). (4) Affected public who will be...

  4. 76 FR 53144 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-336; Revision of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-25

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-336; Revision of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 60-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 336, Request for Hearing on a... Homeland Security sponsoring the collection: Form N-336; U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS...

  5. 75 FR 70277 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-336, Extension of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-11-17

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-336, Extension of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 336, Request for Hearing on a... Security sponsoring the collection: Form N-336; U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). (4...

  6. 75 FR 51095 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-336; Extension of an Existing Information...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-18

    ...-0050] Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-336; Extension of an Existing Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 60-Day Notice of Information Collection under Review; Form N- 336..., 2010. During this 60 day period, USCIS will be evaluating whether to revise the Form N-336. Should...

  7. 75 FR 21013 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-644; Extension of an Existing Information...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-04-22

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-644; Extension of an Existing Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 60-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review; Form N- 644, Application for Posthumous... until June 21, 2010. During this 60 day period, USCIS will be evaluating whether to revise the Form N...

  8. 76 FR 21913 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-644; Extension of an Existing Information...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-19

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-644; Extension of an Existing Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 60-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 644, Application for Posthumous... 60 days until June 20, 2011 this 60-day period, USCIS will be evaluating whether to revise the Form N...

  9. 75 FR 78264 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-336, Revision to an Existing Information...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-15

    ...-0050] Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-336, Revision to an Existing Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-Day notice of information collection under review: Form N- 336... announcing the extension of the Form N-336. The 60-day notice announced that during the 60-day comment period...

  10. 76 FR 69276 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-336, Revision of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-08

    ... Activities: Form N-336, Revision of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 336, Request for Hearing on a Decision in... collection: Form N-336. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. (4) Affected public who will be asked or...

  11. 75 FR 41216 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-644, Extension of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-15

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-644, Extension of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-Day Notice of Information Collection Under Review: Form N- 644, Application for Posthumous...

  12. Test-retest reliability and stability of N400 effects in a word-pair semantic priming paradigm.

    PubMed

    Kiang, Michael; Patriciu, Iulia; Roy, Carolyn; Christensen, Bruce K; Zipursky, Robert B

    2013-04-01

    Elicited by any meaningful stimulus, the N400 event-related potential (ERP) component is reduced when the stimulus is related to a preceding one. This N400 semantic priming effect has been used to probe abnormal semantic relationship processing in clinical disorders, and suggested as a possible biomarker for treatment studies. Validating N400 semantic priming effects as a clinical biomarker requires characterizing their test-retest reliability. We assessed test-retest reliability of N400 semantic priming in 16 healthy adults who viewed the same related and unrelated prime-target word pairs in two sessions one week apart. As expected, N400 amplitudes were smaller for related versus unrelated targets across sessions. N400 priming effects (amplitude differences between unrelated and related targets) were highly correlated across sessions (r=0.85, P<0.0001), but smaller in the second session due to larger N400s to related targets. N400 priming effects have high reliability over a one-week interval. They may decrease with repeat testing, possibly because of motivational changes. Use of N400 priming effects in treatment studies should account for possible magnitude decreases with repeat testing. Further research is needed to delineate N400 priming effects' test-retest reliability and stability in different age and clinical groups, and with different stimulus types. Copyright © 2012 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  13. 75 FR 43535 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-644, Revision of a Currently Approved...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-26

    ... Collection Activities: Form N-644, Revision of a Currently Approved Information Collection; Comment Request ACTION: 30-Day notice of information collection under review: Form N- 644, Application for Posthumous...-day comment period USCIS would be evaluating whether to revise the Form [[Page 43536

  14. 14 CFR 1267.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) NASA awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... NASA Awarding Officials § 1267.400 What are my responsibilities as a(n) NASA awarding official? As a(n) NASA awarding official, you must obtain each recipient's agreement, as a condition of the award, to... awarding official? 1267.400 Section 1267.400 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE...

  15. N400 brain responses to spoken phrases paired with photographs of scenes: implications for visual scene displays in AAC systems.

    PubMed

    Wilkinson, Krista M; Stutzman, Allyson; Seisler, Andrea

    2015-03-01

    Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems are often implemented for individuals whose speech cannot meet their full communication needs. One type of aided display is called a Visual Scene Display (VSD). VSDs consist of integrated scenes (such as photographs) in which language concepts are embedded. Often, the representations of concepts on VSDs are perceptually similar to their referents. Given this physical resemblance, one may ask how well VSDs support development of symbolic functioning. We used brain imaging techniques to examine whether matches and mismatches between the content of spoken messages and photographic images of scenes evoke neural activity similar to activity that occurs to spoken or written words. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded from 15 college students who were shown photographs paired with spoken phrases that were either matched or mismatched to the concepts embedded within each photograph. Of interest was the N400 component, a negative deflecting wave 400 ms post-stimulus that is considered to be an index of semantic functioning. An N400 response in the mismatched condition (but not the matched) would replicate brain responses to traditional linguistic symbols. An N400 was found, exclusively in the mismatched condition, suggesting that mismatches between spoken messages and VSD-type representations set the stage for the N400 in ways similar to traditional linguistic symbols.

  16. The N400 as a snapshot of interactive processing: evidence from regression analyses of orthographic neighbor and lexical associate effects

    PubMed Central

    Laszlo, Sarah; Federmeier, Kara D.

    2010-01-01

    Linking print with meaning tends to be divided into subprocesses, such as recognition of an input's lexical entry and subsequent access of semantics. However, recent results suggest that the set of semantic features activated by an input is broader than implied by a view wherein access serially follows recognition. EEG was collected from participants who viewed items varying in number and frequency of both orthographic neighbors and lexical associates. Regression analysis of single item ERPs replicated past findings, showing that N400 amplitudes are greater for items with more neighbors, and further revealed that N400 amplitudes increase for items with more lexical associates and with higher frequency neighbors or associates. Together, the data suggest that in the N400 time window semantic features of items broadly related to inputs are active, consistent with models in which semantic access takes place in parallel with stimulus recognition. PMID:20624252

  17. Isolating N400 as neural marker of vocal anger processing in 6-11-year old children.

    PubMed

    Chronaki, Georgia; Broyd, Samantha; Garner, Matthew; Hadwin, Julie A; Thompson, Margaret J J; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J S

    2012-04-01

    Vocal anger is a salient social signal serving adaptive functions in typical child development. Despite recent advances in the developmental neuroscience of emotion processing with regard to visual stimuli, little remains known about the neural correlates of vocal anger processing in childhood. This study represents the first attempt to isolate a neural marker of vocal anger processing in children using electrophysiological methods. We compared ERP wave forms during the processing of non-word emotional vocal stimuli in a population sample of 55 6-11-year-old typically developing children. Children listened to three types of stimuli expressing angry, happy, and neutral prosody and completed an emotion identification task with three response options (angry, happy and neutral/'ok'). A distinctive N400 component which was modulated by emotional content of vocal stimulus was observed in children over parietal and occipital scalp regions-amplitudes were significantly attenuated to angry compared to happy and neutral voices. Findings of the present study regarding the N400 are compatible with adult studies showing reduced N400 amplitudes to negative compared to neutral emotional stimuli. Implications for studies of the neural basis of vocal anger processing in children are discussed. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  18. Lonely Individuals Do Not Show Interpersonal Self-Positivity Bias: Evidence From N400

    PubMed Central

    Zhu, Min; Zhu, Changzheng; Gao, Xiangping; Luo, Junlong

    2018-01-01

    Self-positivity bias is one of the well-studied psychological phenomena, however, little is known about the bias in the specific dimension on social interaction, which we called herein interpersonal self-positivity bias—people tend to evaluate themselves more positively on social interactions, prefer to be included rather than to be excluded by others. In the present study, we used a modified self-reference task associated with N400 to verify such bias and explore whether impoverished social interaction (loneliness) could modulate it. Findings showed that exclusion verbs elicited larger N400 amplitudes than inclusion verbs, suggesting that most people have interpersonal self-positivity bias. However, loneliness was significantly correlated with N400 effect, showing those with high scores of loneliness had smaller differences in the N400 than those with lower scores. These findings indicated impoverished social interaction weakens interpersonal self-positivity bias; however, the underlying mechanisms need to be explored in future research. PMID:29681875

  19. 32 CFR 196.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Education programs or activities. 196.400... (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities...

  20. 32 CFR 196.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Education programs or activities. 196.400... (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities...

  1. 45 CFR 2555.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Education programs or activities. 2555.400 Section... COMMUNITY SERVICE NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities...

  2. 28 CFR 54.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 54.400 Education programs or activities... basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to...

  3. 45 CFR 2555.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Education programs or activities. 2555.400 Section... COMMUNITY SERVICE NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities...

  4. Separable Processes Before, During, and After the N400 Elicited by Previously Inferred and New Information: Evidence from Time-Frequency Decompositions

    PubMed Central

    Steele, Vaughn R.; Bernat, Edward M.; van den Broek, Paul; Collins, Paul F.; Patrick, Christopher J.; Marsolek, Chad J.

    2012-01-01

    Successful comprehension during reading often requires inferring information not explicitly presented. This information is readily accessible when subsequently encountered, and a neural correlate of this is an attenuation of the N400 event-related potential (ERP). We used ERPs and time-frequency (TF) analysis to investigate neural correlates of processing inferred information after a causal coherence inference had been generated during text comprehension. Participants read short texts, some of which promoted inference generation. After each text, they performed lexical decisions to target words that were unrelated or inference-related to the preceding text. Consistent with previous findings, inference-related words elicited an attenuated N400 relative to unrelated words. TF analyses revealed unique contributions to the N400 from activity occurring at 1–6 Hz (theta) and 0–2 Hz (delta), supporting the view that multiple, sequential processes underlie the N400. PMID:23165117

  5. Separable processes before, during, and after the N400 elicited by previously inferred and new information: evidence from time-frequency decompositions.

    PubMed

    Steele, Vaughn R; Bernat, Edward M; van den Broek, Paul; Collins, Paul F; Patrick, Christopher J; Marsolek, Chad J

    2013-01-25

    Successful comprehension during reading often requires inferring information not explicitly presented. This information is readily accessible when subsequently encountered, and a neural correlate of this is an attenuation of the N400 event-related potential (ERP). We used ERPs and time-frequency (TF) analysis to investigate neural correlates of processing inferred information after a causal coherence inference had been generated during text comprehension. Participants read short texts, some of which promoted inference generation. After each text, they performed lexical decisions to target words that were unrelated or inference-related to the preceding text. Consistent with previous findings, inference-related words elicited an attenuated N400 relative to unrelated words. TF analyses revealed unique contributions to the N400 from activity occurring at 1-6 Hz (theta) and 0-2 Hz (delta), supporting the view that multiple, sequential processes underlie the N400. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  6. Conflicts in language processing: a new perspective on the N400-P600 distinction.

    PubMed

    Frenzel, Sabine; Schlesewsky, Matthias; Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina

    2011-02-01

    Conflicts in language processing often correlate with late positive event-related brain potentials (ERPs), particularly when they are induced by inconsistencies between different information types (e.g. syntactic and thematic/plausibility information). However, under certain circumstances, similar sentence-level interpretation conflicts (inanimate subjects) engender negativity effects (N400s) instead. The present ERP study was designed to shed light on this inconsistency. In previous studies showing monophasic positivities (P600s), the conflict was irresolvable and induced via a verb, whereas N400s were elicited by resolvable, argument-induced conflicts. Here, we therefore examined irresolvable argument-induced conflicts (pronoun case violations) in simple English sentences. Conflict strength was manipulated via the animacy of the first argument and the agreement status of the verb. Processing conflicts engendered a biphasic N400-late positivity pattern, with only the N400 sensitive to conflict strength (animacy). These results suggest that argument-induced conflicts engender N400 effects, (which we interpret in terms of increased competition for the Actor role) whereas irresolvable conflicts elicit late positivities (which we interpret as reflecting well-formedness categorisation). Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  7. 31 CFR 28.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Education programs or activities. 28... NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 28.400 Education programs or...

  8. 31 CFR 28.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Education programs or activities. 28... NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 28.400 Education programs or...

  9. The N400 and the P300 are not all that independent.

    PubMed

    Arbel, Yael; Spencer, Kevin M; Donchin, Emanuel

    2011-06-01

    This study assessed whether two ERP components that are elicited by unexpected events interact. The conditions that are known to elicit the N400 and the P300 ERP components were applied separately and in combination to terminal-words in sentences. Each sentence ended with a terminal-word that was highly expected, semantically unexpected, physically deviant, or both semantically unexpected and physically deviant. In addition, we varied the level of semantic relatedness between the unexpected terminal-words and the expected exemplars. Physically deviant words elicited a P300, whereas semantically unexpected words elicited an N400, whose amplitude was sensitive to the level of semantic relatedness. Words that were both semantically unexpected and physically deviant elicited both an N400 with enhanced amplitude, and a P300 with reduced amplitude. These results suggest an interaction between the processes manifested by the two components. Copyright © 2010 Society for Psychophysiological Research.

  10. 43 CFR 41.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 41.400 Education programs or... basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to...

  11. 40 CFR 5.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 5.400 Education programs or... basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to...

  12. 43 CFR 41.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 41.400 Education programs or... basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to...

  13. 18 CFR 1317.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Education programs or... NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 1317.400 Education programs...

  14. 45 CFR 618.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 618.400 Education programs or... basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to...

  15. 18 CFR 1317.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Education programs or... NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 1317.400 Education programs...

  16. 34 CFR 84.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) ED awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) ED awarding official? 84.400 Section 84.400 Education Office of the Secretary, Department of Education GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of ED Awarding Officials § 84.400...

  17. 41 CFR 101-4.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 2 2011-07-01 2007-07-01 true Education programs or... EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 101-4.400 Education programs or activities. (a...

  18. 41 CFR 101-4.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Education programs or... EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 101-4.400 Education programs or activities. (a...

  19. Empathy predicts false belief reasoning ability: evidence from the N400.

    PubMed

    Ferguson, Heather J; Cane, James E; Douchkov, Michelle; Wright, Daniel

    2015-06-01

    Interpreting others' actions relies on an understanding of their current mental state. Emerging research has begun to identify a number of factors that give rise to individual differences in this ability. We report an event-related brain potential study where participants (N = 28) read contexts that described a character having a true belief (TB) or false belief (FB) about an object's location. A second sentence described where that character would look for the object. Critically, this sentence included a sentence-final noun that was either consistent or inconsistent with the character's belief. Participants also completed the Empathy Quotient questionnaire. Analysis of the N400 revealed that when the character held a TB about the object's location, the N400 waveform was more negative-going for belief inconsistent vs belief consistent critical words. However, when the character held an FB about the object's location the opposite pattern was found. Intriguingly, correlations between the N400 inconsistency effect and individuals' empathy scores showed a significant correlation for FB but not TB. This suggests that people who are high in empathy can successfully interpret events according to the character's FB, while low empathizers bias their interpretation of events to their own egocentric view. © The Author (2014). Published by Oxford University Press. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  20. Thirty years and counting: Finding meaning in the N400 component of the event related brain potential (ERP)

    PubMed Central

    Kutas, Marta; Federmeier, Kara D.

    2014-01-01

    We overview the discovery, characterization, and evolving use of the N400, an event-related brain potential response linked to meaning processing. We describe the elicitation of N400s by an impressive range of stimulus types -- including written, spoken, and signed (pseudo)words, drawings, photos, and videos of faces, objects and actions, sounds, and mathematical symbols -- and outline the sensitivity of N400 amplitude (as its latency is remarkably constant) to linguistic and nonlinguistic manipulations. We emphasize the effectiveness of the N400 as a dependent variable for examining almost every aspect of language processing, and highlight its expanding use to probe semantic memory and to determine how the neurocognitive system dynamically and flexibly uses bottom-up and top-down information to make sense of the world. We conclude with different theories of the N400’s functional significance and offer an N400-inspired re-conceptualization of how meaning processing might unfold. PMID:20809790

  1. 15 CFR 8a.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Education programs or activities. 8a... THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 8a.400 Education programs or...

  2. 15 CFR 8a.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Education programs or activities. 8a... THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Prohibited § 8a.400 Education programs or...

  3. 15 CFR 400.49 - Monitoring and reviews of zone operations and activity.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Monitoring and reviews of zone operations and activity. 400.49 Section 400.49 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce... FOREIGN-TRADE ZONES BOARD Operation of Zones and Administrative Requirements § 400.49 Monitoring and...

  4. 15 CFR 400.49 - Monitoring and reviews of zone operations and activity.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Monitoring and reviews of zone operations and activity. 400.49 Section 400.49 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce... FOREIGN-TRADE ZONES BOARD Operation of Zones and Administrative Requirements § 400.49 Monitoring and...

  5. The priming of priming: Evidence that the N400 reflects context-dependent post-retrieval word integration in working memory.

    PubMed

    Steinhauer, Karsten; Royle, Phaedra; Drury, John E; Fromont, Lauren A

    2017-06-09

    Which cognitive processes are reflected by the N400 in ERPs is still controversial. Various recent articles (Lau et al., 2008; Brouwer et al., 2012) have revived the idea that only lexical pre-activation processes (such as automatic spreading activation, ASA) are strongly supported, while post-lexical integrative processes are not. Challenging this view, the present ERP study replicates a behavioral study by McKoon and Ratcliff (1995) who demonstrated that a prime-target pair such as finger - hand shows stronger priming when a majority of other pairs in the list share the analogous semantic relationship (here: part-whole), even at short stimulus onset asynchronies (250ms). We created lists with four different types of semantic relationship (synonyms, part-whole, category-member, and opposites) and compared priming for pairs in a consistent list with those in an inconsistent list as well as unrelated items. Highly significant N400 reductions were found for both relatedness priming (unrelated vs. inconsistent) and relational priming (inconsistent vs. consistent). These data are taken as strong evidence that N400 priming effects are not exclusively carried by ASA-like mechanisms during lexical retrieval but also include post-lexical integration in working memory. We link the present findings to a neurocomputational model for relational reasoning (Knowlton et al., 2012) and to recent discussions of context-dependent conceptual activations (Yee and Thompson-Schill, 2016). Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  6. Sentences with core knowledge violations increase the size of N400 among paranormal believers.

    PubMed

    Lindeman, Marjaana; Cederström, Sebastian; Simola, Petteri; Simula, Anni; Ollikainen, Sara; Riekki, Tapani

    2008-01-01

    A major problem in research on paranormal beliefs is that the concept of "paranormality" remains to be adequately defined. The aim of this study was to empirically justify the following definition: paranormal beliefs are beliefs in physical, biological, or psychological phenomena that contain core ontological attributes of one of the other two categories [e.g., a stone (physical) having thoughts (psychological)]. We hypothesized that individuals who believe in paranormal phenomena are slower in understanding whether sentences with core knowledge violations are literally true than skeptics, and that this difference would be reflected by a more negative N400. Ten believers and 10 skeptics (six men, age range 23-49) participated in the study. Event-related potentials (N400) were recorded as the participants read 210 three-word Finnish sentences, of which 70 were normal ("The house has a history"), 70 were anomalies ("The house writes its history") and 70 included violations of core knowledge ("The house knows its history"). The participants were presented with a question that contextualized the sentences: "Is this sentence literally true?" While the N400 effects were similar for normal and anomalous sentences among the believers and the skeptics, a more negative N400 effect was found among the believers than among the skeptics for sentences with core knowledge violations. The results support the new definition of "paranormality", because participants who believed in paranormal phenomena appeared to find it more difficult to construct a reasonable interpretation of the sentences with core knowledge violations than the skeptics did as indicated by the N400.

  7. Lag-length effect on repetition priming of famous and unfamiliar faces: evidence from N250r and N400.

    PubMed

    Nie, Aiqing; Li, Minye; Ye, Jingheng

    2016-07-06

    Previous event-related potentials research has reliably identified two repetition priming components in faces, the N250r and the N400, which are believed to reflect, respectively, the accessing to the stored structural representations and the semantic retrieval. However, the effect of lags longer than immediate repetition and shorter than 3 min on the two components has not been described as yet, and the interaction between lag length and familiarity is unclear. The current experiment aims to address these issues. In this experiment, famous and unfamiliar faces were represented after short, medium, or long lags, and participants were required to decide whether each face was known or not. The data showed that the frontal N250r, rather than the temporal counterpart, persisted to the medium lag case for famous faces; for unfamiliar faces, no N250r was observed. The frontal N400 was more regulated by lag length than the centroparietal counterpart. These results suggest that the frontal N250r and the frontal N400 are affected by the lag length; moreover, the former is more sensitive to the pre-experimental familiarity of faces.

  8. Morphosyntax can modulate the N400 component: Event related potentials to gender-marked post-nominal adjectives

    PubMed Central

    Guajardo, Lourdes F.; Wicha, Nicole Y. Y.

    2014-01-01

    Event-related potential studies of grammatical gender agreement often report a left anterior negativity (LAN) when agreement violations occur. Some studies have shown that during sentence comprehension gender violations can also interact with semantic processing to modulate a negativity associated with processing meaning – the N400. Given that the LAN and N400 overlap in time, they are identified by their scalp distributions and purported functional roles. Critically, grammatical gender violations also elicit a right posterior positivity that can overlap temporally with and potentially affect the scalp distribution of the LAN/N400. We measured the effect of grammatical gender violations in the LAN/N400 window and late positive component (LPC) during comprehension of Spanish sentences. A post-nominal adjective could either make sense or not, and either agree or disagree in gender with the preceding noun. We observed a negativity to gender agreement violations in the LAN/N400 window (300–500 ms post stimulus onset) that was smaller than the semantic-congruity N400, but overlapped with it in time and distribution. The early portion of the LPC to gender violations was modulated by sentence constraint, occurring as early as 450ms in highly constraining sentences. A subadditive interaction occurred at the later portion of the LPC with equivalent effects for single and double violations (gender and semantics), reflecting a general stage of reprocessing. Overall, our data support models of language comprehension whereby both semantic and morphosyntactic information can affect processing at similar time points. PMID:24462934

  9. Morphosyntax can modulate the N400 component: event related potentials to gender-marked post-nominal adjectives.

    PubMed

    Guajardo, Lourdes F; Wicha, Nicole Y Y

    2014-05-01

    Event-related potential studies of grammatical gender agreement often report a left anterior negativity (LAN) when agreement violations occur. Some studies have shown that during sentence comprehension gender violations can also interact with semantic processing to modulate a negativity associated with processing meaning - the N400. Given that the LAN and N400 overlap in time, they are identified by their scalp distributions and purported functional roles. Critically, grammatical gender violations also elicit a right posterior positivity that can overlap temporally and potentially affect the scalp distribution of the LAN/N400. We measured the effect of grammatical gender violations in the LAN/N400 window and late positive component (LPC) during comprehension of Spanish sentences. A post-nominal adjective could either make sense or not, and either agree or disagree in gender with the preceding noun. We observed a negativity to gender agreement violations in the LAN/N400 window (300-500ms post stimulus onset) that was smaller than the semantic-congruity N400, but overlapped with it in time and distribution. The early portion of the LPC to gender violations was modulated by sentence constraint, occurring as early as 450ms in highly constraining sentences. A subadditive interaction occurred at the later portion of the LPC with equivalent effects for single and double violations (gender and semantics), reflecting a general stage of reprocessing. Overall, our data support models of language comprehension whereby both semantic and morphosyntactic information can affect processing at similar time points. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. 10 CFR 1042.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ....400 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (GENERAL PROVISIONS) NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES RECEIVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Discrimination on the Basis of Sex...) General. Except as provided elsewhere in these Title IX regulations, no person shall, on the basis of sex...

  11. The N400 reveals how personal semantics is processed: Insights into the nature and organization of self-knowledge

    PubMed Central

    Federmeier, Kara D.

    2017-01-01

    There is growing recognition that some important forms of long-term memory are difficult to classify into one of the well-studied memory subtypes. One example is personal semantics. Like the episodes that are stored as part of one’s autobiography, personal semantics is linked to an individual, yet, like general semantic memory, it is detached from a specific encoding context. Access to general semantics elicits an electrophysiological response known as the N400, which has been characterized across three decades of research; surprisingly, this response has not been fully examined in the context of personal semantics. In this study, we assessed responses to congruent and incongruent statements about people’s own, personal preferences. We found that access to personal preferences elicited N400 responses, with congruency effects that were similar in latency and distribution to those for general semantic statements elicited from the same participants. These results suggest that the processing of personal and general semantics share important functional and neurobiological features. PMID:26825011

  12. 15 CFR 400.33 - Restrictions on manufacturing and processing activity.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...-TRADE ZONES BOARD Manufacturing and Processing Activity-Reviews § 400.33 Restrictions on manufacturing and processing activity. (a) In general. In approving manufacturing or processing activity for a zone... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Restrictions on manufacturing and...

  13. 7Li(p,n)7Be and 12C(p,n)12N reactions at 200, 300, and 400 MeV

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Watson, J. W.; Pourang, R.; Abegg, R.; Alford, W. P.; Celler, A.; El-Kateb, S.; Frekers, D.; Häusser, O.; Helmer, R.; Henderson, R.; Hicks, K.; Jackson, K. P.; Jeppesen, R. G.; Miller, C. A.; Vetterli, M.; Yen, S.; Zafiratos, C. D.

    1989-07-01

    At 200, 300, and 400 MeV bombarding energies, we measured cross section angular distributions for the 7Li(p,n)7Be(g.s.+0.43 MeV) reaction and 0° cross sections for the 12C(p,n)12N(g.s.) reaction. Systematics of these reactions are presented. The center-of-mass cross section for the 7Li(p,n)7Be(g.s.+0.43 MeV) reaction, when plotted as a function of momentum transfer, is nearly independent of energy. The laboratory cross section for this reaction at 0° in the energy range from 60 to 400 MeV is also independent of energy, having a constant value, to within experimental errors, of 35.5 mb/sr with an estimated uncertainty of +/-1.5 mb/sr.

  14. 45 CFR 1155.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) NEA awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) NEA awarding official? 1155.400 Section 1155.400 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of NEA Awarding Officials § 1155...

  15. Phonological and semantic processing during comprehension in Wernicke's aphasia: An N400 and Phonological Mapping Negativity Study.

    PubMed

    Robson, Holly; Pilkington, Emma; Evans, Louise; DeLuca, Vincent; Keidel, James L

    2017-06-01

    Comprehension impairments in Wernicke's aphasia are thought to result from a combination of impaired phonological and semantic processes. However, the relationship between these cognitive processes and language comprehension has only been inferred through offline neuropsychological tasks. This study used ERPs to investigate phonological and semantic processing during online single word comprehension. EEG was recorded in a group of Wernicke's aphasia n=8 and control participants n=10 while performing a word-picture verification task. The N400 and Phonological Mapping Negativity/Phonological Mismatch Negativity (PMN) event-related potential components were investigated as an index of semantic and phonological processing, respectively. Individuals with Wernicke's aphasia displayed reduced and inconsistent N400 and PMN effects in comparison to control participants. Reduced N400 effects in the WA group were simulated in the control group by artificially degrading speech perception. Correlation analyses in the Wernicke's aphasia group found that PMN but not N400 amplitude was associated with behavioural word-picture verification performance. The results confirm impairments at both phonological and semantic stages of comprehension in Wernicke's aphasia. However, reduced N400 responses in Wernicke's aphasia are at least partially attributable to earlier phonological processing impairments. The results provide further support for the traditional model of Wernicke's aphasia which claims a causative link between phonological processing and language comprehension impairments. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  16. Electrophysiological correlates of cross-linguistic semantic integration in hearing signers: N400 and LPC.

    PubMed

    Zachau, Swantje; Korpilahti, Pirjo; Hämäläinen, Jarmo A; Ervast, Leena; Heinänen, Kaisu; Suominen, Kalervo; Lehtihalmes, Matti; Leppänen, Paavo H T

    2014-07-01

    We explored semantic integration mechanisms in native and non-native hearing users of sign language and non-signing controls. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded while participants performed a semantic decision task for priming lexeme pairs. Pairs were presented either within speech or across speech and sign language. Target-related ERP responses were subjected to principal component analyses (PCA), and neurocognitive basis of semantic integration processes were assessed by analyzing the N400 and the late positive complex (LPC) components in response to spoken (auditory) and signed (visual) antonymic and unrelated targets. Semantically-related effects triggered across modalities would indicate a similar tight interconnection between the signers׳ two languages like that described for spoken language bilinguals. Remarkable structural similarity of the N400 and LPC components with varying group differences between the spoken and signed targets were found. The LPC was the dominant response. The controls׳ LPC differed from the LPC of the two signing groups. It was reduced to the auditory unrelated targets and was less frontal for all the visual targets. The visual LPC was more broadly distributed in native than non-native signers and was left-lateralized for the unrelated targets in the native hearing signers only. Semantic priming effects were found for the auditory N400 in all groups, but only native hearing signers revealed a clear N400 effect to the visual targets. Surprisingly, the non-native signers revealed no semantically-related processing effect to the visual targets reflected in the N400 or the LPC; instead they appeared to rely more on visual post-lexical analyzing stages than native signers. We conclude that native and non-native signers employed different processing strategies to integrate signed and spoken semantic content. It appeared that the signers׳ semantic processing system was affected by group-specific factors like language

  17. Unusual solvatochromic absorbance probe behaviour within mixtures of poly(ethylene glycol)-400 + ionic liquid, [bmim][Tf2N

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ali, Anwar; Ali, Maroof; Malik, Nisar Ahmad; Uzair, Sahar

    2014-03-01

    The potentially green solvents made up of ionic liquids (ILs) and poly(ethylene glycols) may have wide range of the applications in many chemical and biochemical fields. In the present work, solvatochromic absorbance probe behaviour is used to assess the physicochemical properties of the mixtures composed of PEG-400 + IL, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [bmim][Tf2N]. Lowest energy intramolecular charge-transfer absorbance maxima of a betaine dye, i.e., ETN , indicates the dipolarity/polarizability and/or hydrogen-bond donating (HBD) acidity of the [bmim][Tf2N] + PEG-400 mixtures to be even higher than that of neat [bmim][Tf2N], the solution component with higher dipolarity/polarizability and/or HBD acidity. Dipolarity/polarizability (π∗) obtained separately from the electronic absorbance response of probe N,N-diethyl-4-nitroaniline, and the HBD acidity (α) of PEG-400 + [bmim][Tf2N] mixtures are also observed to be anomalously high. A comparative study of the PEG + IL mixtures has also been done with PEG-400 + molecular organic solvents (protic polar [methanol], aprotic polar [N,N-dimethylformamide], and non polar, [benzene]) mixtures, but these mixtures do not show this type of unusual behaviour. A four-parameter simplified combined nearly ideal binary solvent/Redlich-Kister (CNIBS/R-K) equation is shown to satisfactorily predict the solvatochromic parameters within PEG-400 + different solvent mixtures.

  18. The N400 reveals how personal semantics is processed: Insights into the nature and organization of self-knowledge.

    PubMed

    Coronel, Jason C; Federmeier, Kara D

    2016-04-01

    There is growing recognition that some important forms of long-term memory are difficult to classify into one of the well-studied memory subtypes. One example is personal semantics. Like the episodes that are stored as part of one's autobiography, personal semantics is linked to an individual, yet, like general semantic memory, it is detached from a specific encoding context. Access to general semantics elicits an electrophysiological response known as the N400, which has been characterized across three decades of research; surprisingly, this response has not been fully examined in the context of personal semantics. In this study, we assessed responses to congruent and incongruent statements about people's own, personal preferences. We found that access to personal preferences elicited N400 responses, with congruency effects that were similar in latency and distribution to those for general semantic statements elicited from the same participants. These results suggest that the processing of personal and general semantics share important functional and neurobiological features. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  19. Cultural differences in sensitivity to social context: detecting affective incongruity using the N400.

    PubMed

    Goto, Sharon G; Yee, Alicia; Lowenberg, Kelly; Lewis, Richard S

    2013-01-01

    East Asians and Asian-Americans tend to allocate relatively greater attention to background context compared to European Americans across a variety of cognitive and neural measures. We sought to extend these findings of cultural differences to affective stimuli using the N400, which has been shown to be sensitive to deep processing of affective information. The degree to which Asian-Americans and European Americans responded to semantic incongruity between emotionally expressive faces (i.e., smiling or frowning) and background affective scenes was measured. As predicted, Asian-Americans showed a greater N400 to incongruent trials than to congruent trials. In contrast, European Americans showed no difference in amplitude across the two conditions. Furthermore, greater affective N400 incongruity was associated with higher interdependent self-construals. These data suggest that Asian-Americans and those with interdependent self-construals process the relationship between perceived facial emotion and affective background context to a greater degree than European Americans and those with independent self-construals. Implications for neural and cognitive differences in everyday social interactions, and cultural differences in analytic and holistic thinking are discussed.

  20. 18 CFR 141.400 - FERC Form No. 3-Q, Quarterly financial report of electric utilities, licensees, and natural gas...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false FERC Form No. 3-Q... AND REPORTS (SCHEDULES) § 141.400 FERC Form No. 3-Q, Quarterly financial report of electric utilities..., licensees, and natural gas companies, designated as FERC Form No. 3-Q, is prescribed for the reporting...

  1. 18 CFR 141.400 - FERC Form No. 3-Q, Quarterly financial report of electric utilities, licensees, and natural gas...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false FERC Form No. 3-Q... AND REPORTS (SCHEDULES) § 141.400 FERC Form No. 3-Q, Quarterly financial report of electric utilities..., licensees, and natural gas companies, designated as FERC Form No. 3-Q, is prescribed for the reporting...

  2. 18 CFR 141.400 - FERC Form No. 3-Q, Quarterly financial report of electric utilities, licensees, and natural gas...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false FERC Form No. 3-Q... AND REPORTS (SCHEDULES) § 141.400 FERC Form No. 3-Q, Quarterly financial report of electric utilities..., licensees, and natural gas companies, designated as FERC Form No. 3-Q, is prescribed for the reporting...

  3. 18 CFR 141.400 - FERC Form No. 3-Q, Quarterly financial report of electric utilities, licensees, and natural gas...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false FERC Form No. 3-Q... AND REPORTS (SCHEDULES) § 141.400 FERC Form No. 3-Q, Quarterly financial report of electric utilities..., licensees, and natural gas companies, designated as FERC Form No. 3-Q, is prescribed for the reporting...

  4. 15 CFR 400.31 - Manufacturing and processing activity; criteria.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... value-added activity; (v) Overall effect on import levels of relevant products, including import... consistent with trade policy and programs, and whether its net economic effect is positive. (b) Evaluation... undertaking a review of the economic factors enumerated in § 400.31(b)(2), the Board shall deny or restrict...

  5. 15 CFR 400.31 - Manufacturing and processing activity; criteria.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... value-added activity; (v) Overall effect on import levels of relevant products, including import... consistent with trade policy and programs, and whether its net economic effect is positive. (b) Evaluation... undertaking a review of the economic factors enumerated in § 400.31(b)(2), the Board shall deny or restrict...

  6. A Lexical Basis for N400 Context Effects: Evidence from MEG

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lau, Ellen; Almeida, Diogo; Hines, Paul C.; Poeppel, David

    2009-01-01

    The electrophysiological response to words during the "N400" time window (approximately 300-500 ms post-onset) is affected by the context in which the word is presented, but whether this effect reflects the impact of context on "access" of the stored lexical information itself or, alternatively, post-access "integration" processes is still an open…

  7. Student research with 400keV beams: {sup 13}N radioisotope production target development

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Fru, L. Che; Clymer, J.; Compton, N.

    2013-04-19

    The AN400 Van de Graaff accelerator at the Minnesota State University, Mankato, Applied Nuclear Science Lab has demonstrated utility as an accessible and versatile platform for student research. Despite the limits of low energy, the research team successfully developed projects with applications to the wider radioisotope production community. A target system has been developed for producing and extracting {sup 13}N by the {sup 12}C(d,n){sup 13}N reaction below 400keV. The system is both reusable and robust, with future applications to higher energy machines producing this important radioisotope for physiological imaging studies with Positron Emission Tomography. Up to 36({+-}1)% of the {supmore » 13}N was extracted from the graphite matrix when 35 A current was externally applied to the graphite target while simultaneously flushing the target chamber with CO{sub 2} gas.« less

  8. 7 CFR 3021.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of Agriculture awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of Agriculture awarding official? 3021.400 Section 3021.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GOVERNMENTWIDE...

  9. 7 CFR 3021.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of Agriculture awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of Agriculture awarding official? 3021.400 Section 3021.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GOVERNMENTWIDE...

  10. 7 CFR 3021.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of Agriculture awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of Agriculture awarding official? 3021.400 Section 3021.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GOVERNMENTWIDE...

  11. N400 incongruity effect in an episodic memory task reveals different strategies for handling irrelevant contextual information for Japanese than European Canadians.

    PubMed

    Masuda, Takahiko; Russell, Matthew J; Chen, Yvonne Y; Hioki, Koichi; Caplan, Jeremy B

    2014-01-01

    East Asians/Asian Americans show a greater N400 effect due to semantic incongruity between foreground objects and background contexts than European Americans (Goto, Ando, Huang, Yee, & Lewis, 2010). Using analytic attention instructions, we asked Japanese and European Canadians to judge, and later, remember, target animals that were paired with task-irrelevant original (congruent), or novel (incongruent) contexts. We asked: (1) whether the N400 also shows an episodic incongruity effect, due to retrieved contexts conflicting with later-shown novel contexts; and (2) whether the incongruity effect would be more related to performance for Japanese, who have been shown to have more difficulty ignoring such contextual information. Both groups exhibited episodic incongruity effects on the N400, with Japanese showing more typical N400 topographies. However, incongruent-trial accuracy was related to reduction of N400s only for the Japanese. Thus, we found that the N400 can reflect episodic incongruity which poses a greater challenge to Japanese than European Canadians.

  12. 14 CFR 1267.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) NASA awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) NASA... NASA Awarding Officials § 1267.400 What are my responsibilities as a(n) NASA awarding official? As a(n) NASA awarding official, you must obtain each recipient's agreement, as a condition of the award, to...

  13. 14 CFR 1267.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) NASA awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) NASA... NASA Awarding Officials § 1267.400 What are my responsibilities as a(n) NASA awarding official? As a(n) NASA awarding official, you must obtain each recipient's agreement, as a condition of the award, to...

  14. Font Effects of Chinese Characters and Pseudo-Characters on the N400: Evidence for an Orthographic Processing View

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lv, Caixia; Wang, Quanhong

    2012-01-01

    Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded during a Chinese character decision task to examine whether N400 amplitude is modulated by stimulus font. Results revealed large negative-going ERPs in an N400 time window of 300-500 ms to stimuli presented in degraded Xing Kai Ti (XKT) font compared with more intact Song Ti (ST) font regardless…

  15. Is Semantic Processing During Sentence Reading Autonomous or Controlled? Evidence from the N400 Component in a Dual Task Paradigm

    PubMed Central

    Hohlfeld, Annette; Martín-Loeches, Manuel; Sommer, Werner

    2015-01-01

    The present study contributes to the discussion on the automaticity of semantic processing. Whereas most previous research investigated semantic processing at word level, the present study addressed semantic processing during sentence reading. A dual task paradigm was combined with the recording of event-related brain potentials. Previous research at word level processing reported different patterns of interference with the N400 by additional tasks: attenuation of amplitude or delay of latency. In the present study, we presented Spanish sentences that were semantically correct or contained a semantic violation in a critical word. At different intervals preceding the critical word a tone was presented that required a high-priority choice response. At short intervals/high temporal overlap between the tasks mean amplitude of the N400 was reduced relative to long intervals/low temporal overlap, but there were no shifts of peak latency. We propose that processing at sentence level exerts a protective effect against the additional task. This is in accord with the attentional sensitization model (Kiefer & Martens, 2010), which suggests that semantic processing is an automatic process that can be enhanced by the currently activated task set. The present experimental sentences also induced a P600, which is taken as an index of integrative processing. Additional task effects are comparable to those in the N400 time window and are briefly discussed. PMID:26203312

  16. Activation cross section and isomeric cross section ratio for the 76Ge(n,2n)75m,gGe process

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Luo, Junhua; Jiang, Li; Wang, Xinxing

    2018-04-01

    We measured neutron-induced reaction cross sections for the 76Ge(n,2n)75m,gGe reactions and their isomeric cross section ratios σm/σg at three neutron energies between 13 and 15MeV by an activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometric technique using the K-400 Neutron Generator at the Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP). Ge samples and Nb monitor foils were activated together to determine the reaction cross section and the incident neutron flux. The monoenergetic neutron beams were formed via the 3H( d, n)4He reaction. The pure cross section of the ground state was derived from the absolute cross section of the metastable state and the residual nuclear decay analysis. The cross sections were also calculated using the nuclear model code TALYS-1.8 with different level density options at neutron energies varying from the reaction threshold to 20MeV. Results are discussed and compared with the corresponding literature data.

  17. 17 CFR 270.30a-2 - Certification of Form N-CSR and Form N-Q.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... and Form N-Q. 270.30a-2 Section 270.30a-2 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE... Form N-CSR and Form N-Q. (a) Each report filed on Form N-CSR (§§ 249.331 and 274.128 of this chapter) or Form N-Q (§§ 249.332 and 274.130 of this chapter) by a registered management investment company...

  18. 17 CFR 270.30a-2 - Certification of Form N-CSR and Form N-Q.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... and Form N-Q. 270.30a-2 Section 270.30a-2 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE... Form N-CSR and Form N-Q. (a) Each report filed on Form N-CSR (§§ 249.331 and 274.128 of this chapter) or Form N-Q (§§ 249.332 and 274.130 of this chapter) by a registered management investment company...

  19. 17 CFR 270.30a-2 - Certification of Form N-CSR and Form N-Q.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... and Form N-Q. 270.30a-2 Section 270.30a-2 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE... Form N-CSR and Form N-Q. (a) Each report filed on Form N-CSR (§§ 249.331 and 274.128 of this chapter) or Form N-Q (§§ 249.332 and 274.130 of this chapter) by a registered management investment company...

  20. Influence of auditory spatial attention on cross-modal semantic priming effect: evidence from N400 effect.

    PubMed

    Wang, Hongyan; Zhang, Gaoyan; Liu, Baolin

    2017-01-01

    Semantic priming is an important research topic in the field of cognitive neuroscience. Previous studies have shown that the uni-modal semantic priming effect can be modulated by attention. However, the influence of attention on cross-modal semantic priming is unclear. To investigate this issue, the present study combined a cross-modal semantic priming paradigm with an auditory spatial attention paradigm, presenting the visual pictures as the prime stimuli and the semantically related or unrelated sounds as the target stimuli. Event-related potentials results showed that when the target sound was attended to, the N400 effect was evoked. The N400 effect was also observed when the target sound was not attended to, demonstrating that the cross-modal semantic priming effect persists even though the target stimulus is not focused on. Further analyses revealed that the N400 effect evoked by the unattended sound was significantly lower than the effect evoked by the attended sound. This contrast provides new evidence that the cross-modal semantic priming effect can be modulated by attention.

  1. 14 CFR § 1267.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) NASA awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) NASA... NASA Awarding Officials § 1267.400 What are my responsibilities as a(n) NASA awarding official? As a(n) NASA awarding official, you must obtain each recipient's agreement, as a condition of the award, to...

  2. 31 CFR 20.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of the Treasury awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of the Treasury awarding official? 20.400 Section 20.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Office of the Secretary of the Treasury GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE...

  3. 31 CFR 20.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of the Treasury awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of the Treasury awarding official? 20.400 Section 20.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Office of the Secretary of the Treasury GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE...

  4. 31 CFR 20.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of the Treasury awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of the Treasury awarding official? 20.400 Section 20.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Office of the Secretary of the Treasury GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE...

  5. 31 CFR 20.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of the Treasury awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of the Treasury awarding official? 20.400 Section 20.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Office of the Secretary of the Treasury GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE...

  6. 31 CFR 20.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of the Treasury awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) Department of the Treasury awarding official? 20.400 Section 20.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Office of the Secretary of the Treasury GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE...

  7. 21 CFR 1405.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) Office of National Drug Control Policy awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ...) Responsibilities of Office of National Drug Control Policy Awarding Officials § 1405.400 What are my... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) Office of National Drug Control Policy awarding official? 1405.400 Section 1405.400 Food and Drugs OFFICE OF NATIONAL...

  8. 17 CFR 270.30a-2 - Certification of Form N-CSR and Form N-Q.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ..., at the time of filing of the report must sign a certification. (b) Each report on Form N-CSR filed by... company (or equivalent thereof) must sign a certification. This requirement may be satisfied by a single... Form N-CSR and Form N-Q. (a) Each report filed on Form N-CSR (§§ 249.331 and 274.128 of this chapter...

  9. 17 CFR 270.30a-2 - Certification of Form N-CSR and Form N-Q.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ..., at the time of filing of the report must sign a certification. (b) Each report on Form N-CSR filed by... company (or equivalent thereof) must sign a certification. This requirement may be satisfied by a single... Form N-CSR and Form N-Q. (a) Each report filed on Form N-CSR (§§ 249.331 and 274.128 of this chapter...

  10. Semantic Memory and Verbal Working Memory Correlates of N400 to Subordinate Homographs

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Salisbury, Dean F.

    2004-01-01

    N400 is an event-related brain potential that indexes operations in semantic memory conceptual space, whether elicited by language or some other representation (e.g., drawings). Language models typically propose three stages: lexical access or orthographic- and phonological-level analysis; lexical selection or word-level meaning and associate…

  11. Semantic memory processing is enhanced in preadolescents breastfed compared to those formula-fed as infants: An ERP N400 study of sentential semantic congruity

    USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

    Studies comparing child cognitive development and brain activity during cognitive functions between children who were fed breast milk (BF), milk formula (MF), or soy formula (SF) have not been reported. We recorded event-related scalp potentials reflecting semantic processing (N400 ERP) from 20 homo...

  12. 15 CFR 400.51 - Records and reports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ..., Reports, Notice, Hearings and Information § 400.51 Records and reports. (a) Records and forms. Zone... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Records and reports. 400.51 Section 400.51 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued...

  13. 15 CFR 400.51 - Records and reports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ..., Reports, Notice, Hearings and Information § 400.51 Records and reports. (a) Records and forms. Zone... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Records and reports. 400.51 Section 400.51 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued...

  14. 14 CFR 400.2 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... not apply to amateur rockets activities, as defined in 14 CFR 1.1, or to space activities carried out... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Scope. 400.2 Section 400.2 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION...

  15. 14 CFR 400.2 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... not apply to amateur rockets activities, as defined in 14 CFR 1.1, or to space activities carried out... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Scope. 400.2 Section 400.2 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION...

  16. 18 CFR 141.400 - FERC Form No. 3-Q, Quarterly financial report of electric utilities, licensees, and natural gas...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ..., Quarterly financial report of electric utilities, licensees, and natural gas companies. 141.400 Section 141..., licensees, and natural gas companies. (a) Prescription. The quarterly report of electric utilities, licensees, and natural gas companies, designated as FERC Form No. 3-Q, is prescribed for the reporting...

  17. Conceptual processing in music as revealed by N400 effects on words and musical targets.

    PubMed

    Daltrozzo, Jérôme; Schön, Daniele

    2009-10-01

    The cognitive processing of concepts, that is, abstract general ideas, has been mostly studied with language. However, other domains, such as music, can also convey concepts. Koelsch et al. [Koelsch, S., Kasper, E., Sammler, D., Schulze, K., Gunter, T., & Friederici, A. D. Music, language and meaning: Brain signatures of semantic processing. Nature Neuroscience, 7, 302-307, 2004] showed that 10 sec of music can influence the semantic processing of words. However, the length of the musical excerpts did not allow the authors to study the effect of words on musical targets. In this study, we decided to replicate Koelsch et al. findings using 1-sec musical excerpts (Experiment 1). This allowed us to study the reverse influence, namely, of a linguistic context on conceptual processing of musical excerpts (Experiment 2). In both experiments, we recorded behavioral and electrophysiological responses while participants were presented 50 related and 50 unrelated pairs (context/target). Experiments 1 and 2 showed a larger N400 component of the event-related brain potentials to targets following a conceptually unrelated compared to a related context. The presence of an N400 effect with musical targets suggests that music may convey concepts. The relevance of these results for the comprehension of music as a structured set of conceptual units and for the domain specificity of the mechanisms underlying N400 effects are discussed.

  18. 13 CFR 400.105 - Staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Staff. 400.105 Section 400.105... Board Procedures § 400.105 Staff. (a) Executive Director. The Executive Director of the Board advises... with respect to the administration of the Board's actions, directs the activities of the staff, and...

  19. 13 CFR 400.105 - Staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Staff. 400.105 Section 400.105... Board Procedures § 400.105 Staff. (a) Executive Director. The Executive Director of the Board advises... with respect to the administration of the Board's actions, directs the activities of the staff, and...

  20. 13 CFR 400.105 - Staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Staff. 400.105 Section 400.105... Board Procedures § 400.105 Staff. (a) Executive Director. The Executive Director of the Board advises... with respect to the administration of the Board's actions, directs the activities of the staff, and...

  1. 13 CFR 400.105 - Staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Staff. 400.105 Section 400.105... Board Procedures § 400.105 Staff. (a) Executive Director. The Executive Director of the Board advises... with respect to the administration of the Board's actions, directs the activities of the staff, and...

  2. 13 CFR 400.105 - Staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Staff. 400.105 Section 400.105... Board Procedures § 400.105 Staff. (a) Executive Director. The Executive Director of the Board advises... with respect to the administration of the Board's actions, directs the activities of the staff, and...

  3. 13 CFR 400.205 - Application process.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Section 400.205 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.205 Application process. (a) Application process. An... “Application for Steel Guarantee Loan”; (2) The information required for the completion of Form “Environmental...

  4. 13 CFR 400.205 - Application process.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Section 400.205 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.205 Application process. (a) Application process. An... “Application for Steel Guarantee Loan”; (2) The information required for the completion of Form “Environmental...

  5. 13 CFR 400.205 - Application process.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Section 400.205 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.205 Application process. (a) Application process. An... “Application for Steel Guarantee Loan”; (2) The information required for the completion of Form “Environmental...

  6. 13 CFR 400.205 - Application process.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Section 400.205 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.205 Application process. (a) Application process. An... “Application for Steel Guarantee Loan”; (2) The information required for the completion of Form “Environmental...

  7. 13 CFR 400.212 - Guarantee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.212 Guarantee. The Board shall adopt a form of Guarantee to be used by the... of the form of Guarantee must be approved and adopted by the Board. [65 FR 70294, Nov. 22, 2000] ...

  8. SOA-dependent N400 and P300 semantic priming effects using pseudoword primes and a delayed lexical decision.

    PubMed

    Hill, Holger; Ott, Friederike; Weisbrod, Matthias

    2005-06-01

    In a previous semantic priming study, we found a semantic distance effect on the lexical-decision-related P300 when SOA was short (150 ms) only, but no different RT and N400 priming effects between short and long (700 ms) SOAs. To investigate this further, we separated priming from lexical decision, using a delayed lexical decision in the present study. In the short SOA only, primed targets evoked an early peaking (approximately 480 ms) P300-like component, probably because the subject detected the semantic relationship implicitly. We hypothesize that in tasks requiring an immediate lexical decision, this early P300 and the later lexical decision P300 (approximately 600 ms) are additive. Secondly, we found both a direct and an indirect priming effect for both SOAs for the ERP amplitude of the N400 time window. However the N400 component itself was considerably larger in the long SOA than in the short SOA. We interpreted this finding as an ERP correlate for deeper semantic processing in the long SOA, due to increased attention that was provoked by the use of pseudoword primes. In contrast, in the short SOA, subjects might have used a shallowed semantic processing. N400, P300, and RTs are sensitive to semantic priming-but the modulation patterns are not consistent. This raises the question as to which variable reflects an immediate physiological correlate of semantic priming, and which variable reflects co-occurring processes associated with semantic priming.

  9. Lexical prediction via forward models: N400 evidence from German Sign Language.

    PubMed

    Hosemann, Jana; Herrmann, Annika; Steinbach, Markus; Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina; Schlesewsky, Matthias

    2013-09-01

    Models of language processing in the human brain often emphasize the prediction of upcoming input-for example in order to explain the rapidity of language understanding. However, the precise mechanisms of prediction are still poorly understood. Forward models, which draw upon the language production system to set up expectations during comprehension, provide a promising approach in this regard. Here, we present an event-related potential (ERP) study on German Sign Language (DGS) which tested the hypotheses of a forward model perspective on prediction. Sign languages involve relatively long transition phases between one sign and the next, which should be anticipated as part of a forward model-based prediction even though they are semantically empty. Native speakers of DGS watched videos of naturally signed DGS sentences which either ended with an expected or a (semantically) unexpected sign. Unexpected signs engendered a biphasic N400-late positivity pattern. Crucially, N400 onset preceded critical sign onset and was thus clearly elicited by properties of the transition phase. The comprehension system thereby clearly anticipated modality-specific information about the realization of the predicted semantic item. These results provide strong converging support for the application of forward models in language comprehension. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  10. 49 CFR 32.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) DOT awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... obtain each recipient's agreement, as a condition of the award, to comply with the requirements in— (a... 49 Transportation 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) DOT awarding... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of DOT Awarding Officials § 32.400...

  11. 49 CFR 32.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) DOT awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... obtain each recipient's agreement, as a condition of the award, to comply with the requirements in— (a... 49 Transportation 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) DOT awarding... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of DOT Awarding Officials § 32.400...

  12. 49 CFR 32.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) DOT awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... obtain each recipient's agreement, as a condition of the award, to comply with the requirements in— (a... 49 Transportation 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false What are my responsibilities as a(n) DOT awarding... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of DOT Awarding Officials § 32.400...

  13. Merkel cell polyomavirus recruits MYCL to the EP400 complex to promote oncogenesis.

    PubMed

    Cheng, Jingwei; Park, Donglim Esther; Berrios, Christian; White, Elizabeth A; Arora, Reety; Yoon, Rosa; Branigan, Timothy; Xiao, Tengfei; Westerling, Thomas; Federation, Alexander; Zeid, Rhamy; Strober, Benjamin; Swanson, Selene K; Florens, Laurence; Bradner, James E; Brown, Myles; Howley, Peter M; Padi, Megha; Washburn, Michael P; DeCaprio, James A

    2017-10-01

    Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) frequently contains integrated copies of Merkel cell polyomavirus DNA that express a truncated form of Large T antigen (LT) and an intact Small T antigen (ST). While LT binds RB and inactivates its tumor suppressor function, it is less clear how ST contributes to MCC tumorigenesis. Here we show that ST binds specifically to the MYC homolog MYCL (L-MYC) and recruits it to the 15-component EP400 histone acetyltransferase and chromatin remodeling complex. We performed a large-scale immunoprecipitation for ST and identified co-precipitating proteins by mass spectrometry. In addition to protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) subunits, we identified MYCL and its heterodimeric partner MAX plus the EP400 complex. Immunoprecipitation for MAX and EP400 complex components confirmed their association with ST. We determined that the ST-MYCL-EP400 complex binds together to specific gene promoters and activates their expression by integrating chromatin immunoprecipitation with sequencing (ChIP-seq) and RNA-seq. MYCL and EP400 were required for maintenance of cell viability and cooperated with ST to promote gene expression in MCC cell lines. A genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen confirmed the requirement for MYCL and EP400 in MCPyV-positive MCC cell lines. We demonstrate that ST can activate gene expression in a EP400 and MYCL dependent manner and this activity contributes to cellular transformation and generation of induced pluripotent stem cells.

  14. Changes in N400 Topography Following Intensive Speech Language Therapy for Individuals with Aphasia

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wilson, K. Ryan; O'Rourke, Heather; Wozniak, Linda A.; Kostopoulos, Ellina; Marchand, Yannick; Newman, Aaron J.

    2012-01-01

    Our goal was to characterize the effects of intensive aphasia therapy on the N400, an electrophysiological index of lexical-semantic processing. Immediately before and after 4 weeks of intensive speech-language therapy, people with aphasia performed a task in which they had to determine whether spoken words were a "match" or a "mismatch" to…

  15. Modality exclusivity norms for 400 nouns: the relationship between perceptual experience and surface word form.

    PubMed

    Lynott, Dermot; Connell, Louise

    2013-06-01

    We present modality exclusivity norms for 400 randomly selected noun concepts, for which participants provided perceptual strength ratings across five sensory modalities (i.e., hearing, taste, touch, smell, and vision). A comparison with previous norms showed that noun concepts are more multimodal than adjective concepts, as nouns tend to subsume multiple adjectival property concepts (e.g., perceptual experience of the concept baby involves auditory, haptic, olfactory, and visual properties, and hence leads to multimodal perceptual strength). To show the value of these norms, we then used them to test a prediction of the sound symbolism hypothesis: Analysis revealed a systematic relationship between strength of perceptual experience in the referent concept and surface word form, such that distinctive perceptual experience tends to attract distinctive lexical labels. In other words, modality-specific norms of perceptual strength are useful for exploring not just the nature of grounded concepts, but also the nature of form-meaning relationships. These norms will be of benefit to those interested in the representational nature of concepts, the roles of perceptual information in word processing and in grounded cognition more generally, and the relationship between form and meaning in language development and evolution.

  16. 45 CFR 400.20-400.21 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 400.20-400.21 Section 400.20-400.21 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM General...

  17. Native-language N400 and P600 predict dissociable language-learning abilities in adults

    PubMed Central

    Qi, Zhenghan; Beach, Sara D.; Finn, Amy S.; Minas, Jennifer; Goetz, Calvin; Chan, Brian; Gabrieli, John D.E.

    2018-01-01

    Language learning aptitude during adulthood varies markedly across individuals. An individual’s native-language ability has been associated with success in learning a new language as an adult. However, little is known about how native-language processing affects learning success and what neural markers of native-language processing, if any, are related to success in learning. We therefore related variation in electrophysiology during native-language processing to success in learning a novel artificial language. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while native English speakers judged the acceptability of English sentences prior to learning an artificial language. There was a trend towards a double dissociation between native-language ERPs and their relationships to novel syntax and vocabulary learning. Individuals who exhibited a greater N400 effect when processing English semantics showed better future learning of the artificial language overall. The N400 effect was related to syntax learning via its specific relationship to vocabulary learning. In contrast, the P600 effect size when processing English syntax predicted future syntax learning but not vocabulary learning. These findings show that distinct neural signatures of native-language processing relate to dissociable abilities for learning novel semantic and syntactic information. PMID:27737775

  18. 17 CFR 239.14 - Form N-2 for closed end management investment companies registered on Form N-8A.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... management investment companies registered on Form N-8A. 239.14 Section 239.14 Commodity and Securities... Registration Statements § 239.14 Form N-2 for closed end management investment companies registered on Form N... closed end management investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 on form N...

  19. Impaired Orthographic Processing in Chinese Dyslexic Children: Evidence from the Lexicality Effect on N400

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tzeng, Yu-Lin; Hsu, Chun-Hsien; Lin, Wan-Hsuan; Lee, Chia-Ying

    2017-01-01

    This study used the lexicality effects on N400 to investigate orthographic processing in children with developmental dyslexia. Participants performed a Go/No-Go semantic judgment task; three types of stimuli--real characters (RC), pseudocharacters (PC), and noncharacters (NC)--were embedded in No-Go trials. Two types of lexicality effects (RC vs.…

  20. Immediate integration of novel meanings: N400 support for an embodied view of language comprehension.

    PubMed

    Chwilla, Dorothee J; Kolk, Herman H J; Vissers, Constance T W M

    2007-12-05

    A substantial part of language understanding depends on our previous experiences, but part of it consists of the creation of new meanings. Such new meanings cannot be retrieved from memory but still have to be constructed. The goals of this article were: first, to explore the nature of new meaning creation, and second, to test abstract symbol theories against embodied theories of meaning. We presented context-setting sentences followed by a test sentence to which ERPs were recorded that described a novel sensible or novel senseless situation (e.g., "The boys searched for branches/bushes [sensible/senseless] with which they went drumming..."). Novel sensible contexts that were not associatively nor semantically related were matched to novel senseless contexts in terms of familiarity and semantic similarity by Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA). Abstract symbol theories like LSA cannot explain facilitation for novel sensible situations, whereas the embodied theory of Glenberg and Robertson [Glenberg, A.M., Robertson, D.A., 2000. Symbol grounding and meaning: A comparison of high-dimensional and embodied theories of meaning. Journal of Memory and Language, 43, 379-401.] in which meaning is grounded in perception and action can account for facilitation. Experiment 1 revealed an N400 effect in a sensibility judgment task. Experiment 2 demonstrated that this effect generalizes to a situation in which participants read for comprehension. Our findings support the following conclusions: First, participants can establish new meanings not stored in memory. Second, this is the first ERP study that shows that N400 is sensitive to new meanings and that these are created immediately - that is, in the same time frame as associative and semantic relations. Third, our N400 effects support embodied theories of meaning and challenge abstract symbol theories that can only discover meaningfulness by consulting stored symbolic knowledge.

  1. Combustion Power Unit--400: CPU-400.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Combustion Power Co., Palo Alto, CA.

    Aerospace technology may have led to a unique basic unit for processing solid wastes and controlling pollution. The Combustion Power Unit--400 (CPU-400) is designed as a turboelectric generator plant that will use municipal solid wastes as fuel. The baseline configuration is a modular unit that is designed to utilize 400 tons of refuse per day…

  2. Sentence Context Prevails Over Word Association in Aphasia Patients with Spared Comprehension: Evidence from N400 Event-Related Potential

    PubMed Central

    Khachatryan, Elvira; De Letter, Miet; Vanhoof, Gertie; Goeleven, Ann; Van Hulle, Marc M.

    2017-01-01

    Behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) studies on aphasia patients showed that lexical information is not lost but rather its integration into the working context is hampered. Studies have been conducted on the processing of sentence-level information (meaningful versus meaningless) and of word-level information (related versus unrelated) in aphasia patients, but we are not aware of any study that assesses the relationship between the two. In healthy subjects the processing of a single word in a sentence context has been studied using the N400 ERP. It was shown that, even when there is only a weak expectation of a final word in a sentence, this expectation will dominate word relatedness. In order to study the effect of semantic relatedness between words in sentence processing in aphasia patients, we conducted a crossed-design ERP study, crossing the factors of word relatedness and sentence congruity. We tested aphasia patients with mild to minimum comprehension deficit and healthy young and older (age-matched with our patients) controls on a semantic anomaly judgment task when simultaneously recording EEG. Our results show that our aphasia patient’s N400 amplitudes in response to the sentences of our crossed-design study were similar to those of our age-matched healthy subjects. However, we detected an increase in the N400 ERP latency in those patients, indicating a delay in the integration of the new word into the working context. Additionally, we observed a positive correlation between comprehension level of those patients and N400 effect in response to meaningful sentences without word relatedness contrasted to meaningless sentences without word relatedness. PMID:28119590

  3. Electrical properties of Al foil/n-4H-SiC Schottky junctions fabricated by surface-activated bonding

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Morita, Sho; Liang, Jianbo; Matsubara, Moeko; Dhamrin, Marwan; Nishio, Yoshitaka; Shigekawa, Naoteru

    2018-02-01

    We fabricate 17-µm-thick Al foil/n-4H-SiC Schottky junctions by surface-activated bonding. Their current-voltage and capacitance-voltage characteristics are compared with those of Schottky junctions fabricated by evaporating Al layers on n-4H-SiC epilayers. We find that the ideality factor of Al foil/SiC junctions is larger than that of conventional junctions, which is due to the irradiation of the fast atom beam (FAB) of Ar. The ideality factor of Al foil/SiC junctions is improved by annealing at 400 °C. We also find that the Schottky barrier height is increased by FAB irradiation, which is likely to be due to the negative charges formed at SiC surfaces.

  4. Dorsolateral pFC and the representation of the incorrect use of an object: the transcranial direct current stimulation effect on N400 for visual and linguistic stimuli.

    PubMed

    Balconi, Michela; Vitaloni, Silvia

    2014-02-01

    In this study, we explored the representation of an incongruent action (instrumentally incorrect use of an object) in comparison with sentences ending with an incongruent action word, taking into account the role of the activation of the left dorsolateral pFC (DLPFC). This activity was appositely modulated by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The effect of tDCS when participants processed congruent/incongruent object-related actions (Experiment 1) or sentences (Experiment 2) was verified by measuring changes in the ERP N400, error rates (ERs), and RTs. In Experiment 1, 30 participants performed the detection task within a dynamic context (video tapes representing a sequence of four action frames). In Experiment 2, 28 participants read sentences that represented object-related actions. The stimulation effect (a cathode applied to the DLPFC and an anode to the right supraorbital region) was analyzed by comparing the ER, RT, and ERP profiles before and after stimulation (or sham treatment). A significant reduction of the N400 was observed for incongruent stimuli in the case of cathodal (inhibitory) stimulation of the DLPFC in comparison with prestimulation conditions for Experiment 1, but not Experiment 2. Moreover, ERs were increased, and RTs were reduced in response to incongruent conditions after tDCS, but not after sham stimulation in Experiment 1. It is suggested that perturbation of the DLPFC may limit the ability to analyze a semantically anomalous action sequence as a reduced N400 ERP effect and increased random responses was observed. Finally, the contribution of the frontal area to the semantic processing of actions is discussed.

  5. Semantic Processing of Sentences in Preschoolers with Specific Language Impairment: Evidence from the N400 Effect

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pijnacker, Judith; Davids, Nina; van Weerdenburg, Marjolijn; Verhoeven, Ludo; Knoors, Harry; van Alphen, Petra

    2017-01-01

    Purpose: Given the complexity of sentence processing and the specific problems that children with specific language impairment (SLI) experience, we investigated the time course and characteristics of semantic processing at the sentence level in Dutch preschoolers with SLI. Method: We measured N400 responses to semantically congruent and…

  6. Processing visual words with numbers: electrophysiological evidence for semantic activation.

    PubMed

    Lien, Mei-Ching; Allen, Philip; Martin, Nicole

    2014-08-01

    Perea, Duñabeitia, and Carreiras (Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 34:237-241, 2008) found that LEET stimuli, formed by a mixture of digits and letters (e.g., T4BL3 instead of TABLE), produced priming effects similar to those for regular words. This finding led them to conclude that LEET stimuli automatically activate lexical information. In the present study, we examined whether semantic activation occurs for LEET stimuli by using an electrophysiological measure called the N400 effect. The N400 effect, also known as the mismatch negativity, reflects detection of a mismatch between a word and the current semantic context. This N400 effect could occur only if the LEET stimulus had been identified and processed semantically. Participants determined whether a stimulus (word or LEET) was related to a given category (e.g., APPLE or 4PPL3 belongs to the category "fruit," but TABLE or T4BL3 does not). We found that LEET stimuli produced an N400 effect similar in magnitude to that for regular uppercase words, suggesting that LEET stimuli can access meaning in a manner similar to words presented in consistent uppercase letters.

  7. Antipyretic and anticonvulsant activity of n-hexane fraction of Viola betonicifolia.

    PubMed

    Muhammad, Naveed; Saeed, Muhammad; Khan, Haroon; Raziq, Naila; Halimi, Syed Muhammad Ashhad; Abass, Muzaffer

    2013-04-01

    To investigate the antipyretic and anticonvulsant activities of n-hexane fraction of Viola betonicifolia (V. betonicifolia). The antipyretic effect was scrutinized using brewer's yeast induced pyrexia and anticonvlsion effect was tested using pentylenetetrazol and strychnine induced convulsion in mice. N-hexane fraction of V. betonicifolia demonstrated highly significant antipyretic activity during various assessment times (1-5 h) when challenged in yeast induced pyrexia test. The effect was in a dose dependent manner with maximum attenuation (82.50%) observed at 300 mg/kg i.p. When tested in pentylenetetrazol induced convulsion test, the 1st stage (Ear and facial twitching) and 2nd stage (Convulsive wave through the body) was 100% protected during 24 h at all the test doses (300, 400 and 500 mg/kg i.p.), while the latency time of remaining stages was significantly increased. The maximum effect was observed by n-hexane fraction of V. betonicifolia at 400 and 500 mg/kg i.p., as the latency time for generalized clonic-tonic seizure (5th stage) was increased up to 25.34 min. However, n-hexane fraction of V. betonicifolia had no protection in strychnine induced convulsion test. In conclusion, phytopharmacological studies provide scientific foundation to the folk uses of the plant in the treatment of pyrexia and neurological disorders.

  8. The Social N400 effect: how the presence of other listeners affects language comprehension.

    PubMed

    Rueschemeyer, Shirley-Ann; Gardner, Tom; Stoner, Cat

    2015-02-01

    During conversation, it is necessary to keep track of what others can and cannot understand. Previous research has focused largely on understanding the time course along which knowledge about interlocutors influences language comprehension/production rather than the cognitive process by which interlocutors take each other's perspective. In addition, most work has looked at the effects of knowledge about a speaker on a listener's comprehension, and not on the possible effects of other listeners on a participant's comprehension process. In the current study, we introduce a novel joint comprehension paradigm that addresses the cognitive processes underlying perspective taking during language comprehension. Specifically, we show that participants who understand a language stimulus, but are simultaneously aware that someone sitting next to them does not understand the same stimulus, show an electrophysiological marker of semantic integration difficulty (i.e., an N400-effect). Crucially, in a second group of participants, we demonstrate that presenting exactly the same sentences to the participant alone (i.e. without a co-listener) results in no N400-effect. Our results suggest that (1) information about co-listeners as well as the speaker affect language comprehension, and (2) the cognitive process by which we understand what others comprehend mirrors our own language comprehension processes.

  9. Native-language N400 and P600 predict dissociable language-learning abilities in adults.

    PubMed

    Qi, Zhenghan; Beach, Sara D; Finn, Amy S; Minas, Jennifer; Goetz, Calvin; Chan, Brian; Gabrieli, John D E

    2017-04-01

    Language learning aptitude during adulthood varies markedly across individuals. An individual's native-language ability has been associated with success in learning a new language as an adult. However, little is known about how native-language processing affects learning success and what neural markers of native-language processing, if any, are related to success in learning. We therefore related variation in electrophysiology during native-language processing to success in learning a novel artificial language. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while native English speakers judged the acceptability of English sentences prior to learning an artificial language. There was a trend towards a double dissociation between native-language ERPs and their relationships to novel syntax and vocabulary learning. Individuals who exhibited a greater N400 effect when processing English semantics showed better future learning of the artificial language overall. The N400 effect was related to syntax learning via its specific relationship to vocabulary learning. In contrast, the P600 effect size when processing English syntax predicted future syntax learning but not vocabulary learning. These findings show that distinct neural signatures of native-language processing relate to dissociable abilities for learning novel semantic and syntactic information. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  10. Priming production: Neural evidence for enhanced automatic semantic activity preceding language production in schizophrenia.

    PubMed

    Kuperberg, Gina R; Delaney-Busch, Nathaniel; Fanucci, Kristina; Blackford, Trevor

    2018-01-01

    Lexico-semantic disturbances are considered central to schizophrenia. Clinically, their clearest manifestation is in language production. However, most studies probing their underlying mechanisms have used comprehension or categorization tasks. Here, we probed automatic semantic activity prior to language production in schizophrenia using event-related potentials (ERPs). 19 people with schizophrenia and 16 demographically-matched healthy controls named target pictures that were very quickly preceded by masked prime words. To probe automatic semantic activity prior to production, we measured the N400 ERP component evoked by these targets. To determine the origin of any automatic semantic abnormalities, we manipulated the type of relationship between prime and target such that they overlapped in (a) their semantic features (semantically related, e.g. "cake" preceding a < picture of a pie >, (b) their initial phonemes (phonemically related, e.g. "stomach" preceding a < picture of a starfish >), or (c) both their semantic features and their orthographic/phonological word form (identity related, e.g. "socks" preceding a < picture of socks >). For each of these three types of relationship, the same targets were paired with unrelated prime words (counterbalanced across lists). We contrasted ERPs and naming times to each type of related target with its corresponding unrelated target. People with schizophrenia showed abnormal N400 modulation prior to naming identity related (versus unrelated) targets: whereas healthy control participants produced a smaller amplitude N400 to identity related than unrelated targets, patients showed the opposite pattern, producing a larger N400 to identity related than unrelated targets. This abnormality was specific to the identity related targets. Just like healthy control participants, people with schizophrenia produced a smaller N400 to semantically related than to unrelated targets, and showed no difference in the N400 evoked by

  11. Adsorption of benzene and toluene from aqueous solutions onto activated carbon and its acid and heat treated forms: influence of surface chemistry on adsorption.

    PubMed

    Wibowo, N; Setyadhi, L; Wibowo, D; Setiawan, J; Ismadji, S

    2007-07-19

    The influence of surface chemistry and solution pH on the adsorption of benzene and toluene on activated carbon and its acid and heat treated forms were studied. A commercial coal-based activated carbon F-400 was chosen as carbon parent. The carbon samples were obtained by modification of F-400 by means of chemical treatment with HNO3 and thermal treatment under nitrogen flow. The treatment with nitric acid caused the introduction of a significant number of oxygenated acidic surface groups onto the carbon surface, while the heat treatment increases the basicity of carbon. The pore characteristics were not significantly changed after these modifications. The dispersive interactions are the most important factor in this adsorption process. Activated carbon with low oxygenated acidic surface groups (F-400Tox) has the best adsorption capacity.

  12. Effects of calcining temperature on photocatalysis of g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2} composites for hydrogen evolution from water

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Qu, Ailan, E-mail: elainqal@163.com; Xu, Xinmei; Xie, Haolong

    Highlights: • TiO{sub 2} promotes melon to form at 400 °C, whereas it forms at 500 °C for only melamine. • The highest photocatalytic activity was achieved when calcination was performed at 400 °C. • Coordinated N−Ti−N bonds were formed in MA/TiO{sub 2} (400) and disappeared at high temperature. • The surface area decreased and the pore size increased with increasing of temperature. • Only MA/TiO{sub 2} (400) has a narrower band gap than pure g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}. - Abstract: A composite of graphitic carbon nitride and TiO{sub 2} (g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2}) with enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution capacity wasmore » achieved by calcining melamine and TiO{sub 2} sol-gel precursor. Characterization results reveal that heating temperature had a great influence on the structure, surface area and properties of the composites. Compared with the polycondensation of pure melamine, the presence of TiO{sub 2} precursor can promote the formation of melon at a low temperature. The highest photocatalytic activity of g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2}(400) was achieved when the calcination was performed at 400 °C, exhibiting H{sub 2} production rate of 76.25 μmol/h under UV–vis light irradiation (λ > 320 nm) and 35.44 μmol/h under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm). The highest photocatalytic performance of g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2}(400) can be attributed to: (1) the strong UV–vis light absorption due to the narrow bandgap caused by synergic effect of TiO{sub 2} and g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}, (2) high surface area and porosity, (3) the effective separation of photo-generated electron-holes owing to the favorable heterojunction between TiO{sub 2} and g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}.« less

  13. Activation of nitrite. [Interaction of amino compounds to form carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds in digestive tract of animals

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Lijinsky, W.

    At low doses dietary nitrite has no obvious deleterious effect, even when ingested for long periods, and nitrites have been used for a long time as flavoring and coloring additives to meat and fish and as preservatives in food in which there is a danger of botulism. In recent years there has been increasing concern that one form of activation of nitrite might be related to cancer. That is the property of interaction with amino compounds to form N-nitroso compounds, which are potent chemical carcinogens. Results are reported from studies on the carcinogenic effects of nitrite and amines in rats.more » (CH)« less

  14. 17 CFR 239.15 - Form N-1 for open-end management investment companies registered on Form N-8A.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... management investment companies registered on Form N-8A. 239.15 Section 239.15 Commodity and Securities... Registration Statements § 239.15 Form N-1 for open-end management investment companies registered on Form N-8A...-end management investment companies that are separate accounts of insurance companies as defined by...

  15. 77 FR 75440 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Application for Naturalization, Form Number N-400...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-20

    ... validity of the methodology and assumptions used; (3) Enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the... the inadmissibility grounds that were added by the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of...

  16. Auditory semantic processing in dichotic listening: effects of competing speech, ear of presentation, and sentential bias on N400s to spoken words in context.

    PubMed

    Carey, Daniel; Mercure, Evelyne; Pizzioli, Fabrizio; Aydelott, Jennifer

    2014-12-01

    The effects of ear of presentation and competing speech on N400s to spoken words in context were examined in a dichotic sentence priming paradigm. Auditory sentence contexts with a strong or weak semantic bias were presented in isolation to the right or left ear, or with a competing signal presented in the other ear at a SNR of -12 dB. Target words were congruent or incongruent with the sentence meaning. Competing speech attenuated N400s to both congruent and incongruent targets, suggesting that the demand imposed by a competing signal disrupts the engagement of semantic comprehension processes. Bias strength affected N400 amplitudes differentially depending upon ear of presentation: weak contexts presented to the le/RH produced a more negative N400 response to targets than strong contexts, whereas no significant effect of bias strength was observed for sentences presented to the re/LH. The results are consistent with a model of semantic processing in which the RH relies on integrative processing strategies in the interpretation of sentence-level meaning. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. Reduced sensitivity of the N400 and late positive component to semantic congruity and word repetition in left temporal lobe epilepsy.

    PubMed

    Olichney, John M; Riggins, Brock R; Hillert, Dieter G; Nowacki, Ralph; Tecoma, Evelyn; Kutas, Marta; Iragui, Vicente J

    2002-07-01

    We studied 14 patients with well-characterized refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), 7 with right temporal lobe epilepsy (RTE) and 7 with left temporal lobe epilepsy (LTE), on a word repetition ERP experiment. Much prior literature supports the view that patients with left TLE are more likely to develop verbal memory deficits, often attributable to left hippocampal sclerosis. Our main objectives were to test if abnormalities of the N400 or Late Positive Component (LPC, P600) were associated with a left temporal seizure focus, or left temporal lobe dysfunction. A minimum of 19 channels of EEG/EOG data were collected while subjects performed a semantic categorization task. Auditory category statements were followed by a visual target word, which were 50% "congruous" (category exemplars) and 50% "incongruous" (non-category exemplars) with the preceding semantic context. These auditory-visual pairings were repeated pseudo-randomly at time intervals ranging from approximately 10-140 seconds later. The ERP data were submitted to repeated-measures ANOVAs, which showed the RTE group had generally normal effects of word repetition on the LPC and the N400. Also, the N400 component was larger to incongruous than congruous new words, as is normally the case. In contrast, the LTE group did not have statistically significant effects of either word repetition or congruity on their ERPs (N400 or LPC), suggesting that this ERP semantic categorization paradigm is sensitive to left temporal lobe dysfunction. Further studies are ongoing to determine if these ERP abnormalities predict hippocampal sclerosis on histopathology, or outcome after anterior temporal lobectomy.

  18. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) interacts with p400 ATPase for an efficient DNA damage response.

    PubMed

    Smith, Rebecca J; Savoian, Matthew S; Weber, Lauren E; Park, Jeong Hyeon

    2016-11-04

    Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and TRRAP proteins belong to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase family and are involved in DNA damage repair and chromatin remodeling. ATM is a checkpoint kinase that is recruited to sites of DNA double-strand breaks where it phosphorylates a diverse range of proteins that are part of the chromatin and DNA repair machinery. As an integral subunit of the TRRAP-TIP60 complexes, p400 ATPase is a chromatin remodeler that is also targeted to DNA double-strand break sites. While it is understood that DNA binding transcriptional activators recruit p400 ATPase into a regulatory region of the promoter, how p400 recognises and moves to DNA double-strand break sites is far less clear. Here we investigate a possibility whether ATM serves as a shuttle to deliver p400 to break sites. Our data indicate that p400 co-immunoprecipitates with ATM independently of DNA damage state and that the N-terminal domain of p400 is vital for this interaction. Heterologous expression studies using Sf9 cells revealed that the ATM-p400 complex can be reconstituted without other mammalian bridging proteins. Overexpression of ATM-interacting p400 regions in U2OS cells induced dominant negative effects including the inhibition of both DNA damage repair and cell proliferation. Consistent with the dominant negative effect, the stable expression of an N-terminal p400 fragment showed a decrease in the association of p400 with ATM, but did not alter the association of p400 with TRRAP. Taken together, our findings suggest that a protein-protein interaction between ATM and p400 ATPase occurs independently of DNA damage and contributes to efficient DNA damage response and repair.

  19. Getting ahead of yourself: Parafoveal word expectancy modulates the N400 during sentence reading

    DOE PAGES

    Stites, Mallory C.; Payne, Brennan R.; Federmeier, Kara D.

    2017-01-18

    An important question in the reading literature regards the nature of the semantic information readers can extract from the parafovea (i.e., the next word in a sentence). Recent eye-tracking findings have found a semantic parafoveal preview benefit under many circumstances, and findings from event-related brain potentials (ERPs) also suggest that readers can at least detect semantic anomalies parafoveally. We use ERPs to ask whether fine-grained aspects of semantic expectancy can affect the N400 elicited by a word appearing in the parafovea. In an RSVP-with-flankers paradigm, sentences were presented word by word, flanked 2° bilaterally by the previous and upcoming words.more » Stimuli consisted of high constraint sentences that were identical up to the target word, which could be expected, unexpected but plausible, or anomalous, as well as low constraint sentences that were always completed with the most expected ending. Findings revealed an N400 effect to the target word when it appeared in the parafovea, which was graded with respect to the target’s expectancy and congruency within the sentence context. Moreover, when targets appeared at central fixation, this graded congruency effect was mitigated, suggesting that the semantic information gleaned from parafoveal vision functionally changes the semantic processing of those words when foveated.« less

  20. Getting ahead of yourself: Parafoveal word expectancy modulates the N400 during sentence reading

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Stites, Mallory C.; Payne, Brennan R.; Federmeier, Kara D.

    An important question in the reading literature regards the nature of the semantic information readers can extract from the parafovea (i.e., the next word in a sentence). Recent eye-tracking findings have found a semantic parafoveal preview benefit under many circumstances, and findings from event-related brain potentials (ERPs) also suggest that readers can at least detect semantic anomalies parafoveally. We use ERPs to ask whether fine-grained aspects of semantic expectancy can affect the N400 elicited by a word appearing in the parafovea. In an RSVP-with-flankers paradigm, sentences were presented word by word, flanked 2° bilaterally by the previous and upcoming words.more » Stimuli consisted of high constraint sentences that were identical up to the target word, which could be expected, unexpected but plausible, or anomalous, as well as low constraint sentences that were always completed with the most expected ending. Findings revealed an N400 effect to the target word when it appeared in the parafovea, which was graded with respect to the target’s expectancy and congruency within the sentence context. Moreover, when targets appeared at central fixation, this graded congruency effect was mitigated, suggesting that the semantic information gleaned from parafoveal vision functionally changes the semantic processing of those words when foveated.« less

  1. Antipyretic and anticonvulsant activity of n-hexane fraction of Viola betonicifolia

    PubMed Central

    Muhammad, Naveed; Saeed, Muhammad; Khan, Haroon; Raziq, Naila; Halimi, Syed Muhammad Ashhad

    2013-01-01

    Objective To investigate the antipyretic and anticonvulsant activities of n-hexane fraction of Viola betonicifolia (V. betonicifolia). Methods The antipyretic effect was scrutinized using brewer's yeast induced pyrexia and anticonvlsion effect was tested using pentylenetetrazol and strychnine induced convulsion in mice. Results N-hexane fraction of V. betonicifolia demonstrated highly significant antipyretic activity during various assessment times (1-5 h) when challenged in yeast induced pyrexia test. The effect was in a dose dependent manner with maximum attenuation (82.50%) observed at 300 mg/kg i.p. When tested in pentylenetetrazol induced convulsion test, the 1st stage (Ear and facial twitching) and 2nd stage (Convulsive wave through the body) was 100% protected during 24 h at all the test doses (300, 400 and 500 mg/kg i.p.), while the latency time of remaining stages was significantly increased. The maximum effect was observed by n-hexane fraction of V. betonicifolia at 400 and 500 mg/kg i.p., as the latency time for generalized clonic-tonic seizure (5th stage) was increased up to 25.34 min. However, n-hexane fraction of V. betonicifolia had no protection in strychnine induced convulsion test. Conclusions In conclusion, phytopharmacological studies provide scientific foundation to the folk uses of the plant in the treatment of pyrexia and neurological disorders. PMID:23620851

  2. The Time-Course of Sentence Meaning Composition. N400 Effects of the Interaction between Context-Induced and Lexically Stored Affordances

    PubMed Central

    Cosentino, Erica; Baggio, Giosuè; Kontinen, Jarmo; Werning, Markus

    2017-01-01

    Contemporary semantic theories can be classified along two dimensions: (i) the way and time-course in which contextual factors influence sentence truth-conditions; and (ii) whether and to what extent comprehension involves sensory, motor and emotional processes. In order to explore this theoretical space, our ERP study investigates the time-course of the interaction between the lexically specified telic component of a noun (the function of the object to which the noun refers to, e.g., a funnel is generally used to pour liquids into containers) and an ad-hoc affordance contextually induced by the situation described in the discourse. We found that, if preceded by a neutral discourse context, a verb incongruent with the noun's telic component as in “She uses the funnel to hang her coat” elicited an enhanced N400 compared to a congruent verb as in “She uses the funnel to pour water into a container.” However, if the situation introduced in the preceding discourse induced a new function for the object as an ad-hoc affordance (e.g., the funnel is glued to the wall and the agent wants to hang the coat), we observed a crossing-over regarding the direction of the N400 effect: comparing the ad-hoc affordance-inducing context with the neutral context, the N400 for the incongruent verb was significantly reduced, whereas the N400 for the congruent verb was significantly enhanced. We explain these results as a consequence of the incorporation of the contextually triggered ad-hoc affordance into the meaning of the noun. Combining these results with an analysis of semantic similarity values between test sentences and contexts, we argue that one possibility is that the incorporation of an ad-hoc affordance may be explained on the basis of the mental simulation of concurrent motor information. PMID:28603506

  3. The Time-Course of Sentence Meaning Composition. N400 Effects of the Interaction between Context-Induced and Lexically Stored Affordances.

    PubMed

    Cosentino, Erica; Baggio, Giosuè; Kontinen, Jarmo; Werning, Markus

    2017-01-01

    Contemporary semantic theories can be classified along two dimensions: (i) the way and time-course in which contextual factors influence sentence truth-conditions; and (ii) whether and to what extent comprehension involves sensory, motor and emotional processes. In order to explore this theoretical space, our ERP study investigates the time-course of the interaction between the lexically specified telic component of a noun (the function of the object to which the noun refers to, e.g., a funnel is generally used to pour liquids into containers) and an ad-hoc affordance contextually induced by the situation described in the discourse. We found that, if preceded by a neutral discourse context, a verb incongruent with the noun's telic component as in "She uses the funnel to hang her coat" elicited an enhanced N400 compared to a congruent verb as in "She uses the funnel to pour water into a container." However, if the situation introduced in the preceding discourse induced a new function for the object as an ad-hoc affordance (e.g., the funnel is glued to the wall and the agent wants to hang the coat), we observed a crossing-over regarding the direction of the N400 effect: comparing the ad-hoc affordance-inducing context with the neutral context, the N400 for the incongruent verb was significantly reduced, whereas the N400 for the congruent verb was significantly enhanced. We explain these results as a consequence of the incorporation of the contextually triggered ad-hoc affordance into the meaning of the noun. Combining these results with an analysis of semantic similarity values between test sentences and contexts, we argue that one possibility is that the incorporation of an ad-hoc affordance may be explained on the basis of the mental simulation of concurrent motor information.

  4. 7 CFR 65.400 - Labeling.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURAL MARKETING ACT OF 1946 AND THE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION ACT (CONTINUED) COUNTRY OF ORIGIN LABELING..., PEANUTS, AND GINSENG General Provisions Country of Origin Notification § 65.400 Labeling. (a) Country of origin declarations can either be in the form of a placard, sign, label, sticker, band, twist tie, pin...

  5. 7 CFR 65.400 - Labeling.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURAL MARKETING ACT OF 1946 AND THE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION ACT (CONTINUED) COUNTRY OF ORIGIN LABELING..., PEANUTS, AND GINSENG General Provisions Country of Origin Notification § 65.400 Labeling. (a) Country of origin declarations can either be in the form of a placard, sign, label, sticker, band, twist tie, pin...

  6. 7 CFR 65.400 - Labeling.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURAL MARKETING ACT OF 1946 AND THE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION ACT (CONTINUED) COUNTRY OF ORIGIN LABELING..., PEANUTS, AND GINSENG General Provisions Country of Origin Notification § 65.400 Labeling. (a) Country of origin declarations can either be in the form of a placard, sign, label, sticker, band, twist tie, pin...

  7. Tor forms a dimer through an N-terminal helical solenoid with a complex topology

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Baretić, Domagoj; Berndt, Alex; Ohashi, Yohei; Johnson, Christopher M.; Williams, Roger L.

    2016-04-01

    The target of rapamycin (Tor) is a Ser/Thr protein kinase that regulates a range of anabolic and catabolic processes. Tor is present in two complexes, TORC1 and TORC2, in which the Tor-Lst8 heterodimer forms a common sub-complex. We have determined the cryo-electron microscopy (EM) structure of Tor bound to Lst8. Two Tor-Lst8 heterodimers assemble further into a dyad-symmetry dimer mediated by Tor-Tor interactions. The first 1,300 residues of Tor form a HEAT repeat-containing α-solenoid with four distinct segments: a highly curved 800-residue N-terminal 'spiral', followed by a 400-residue low-curvature 'bridge' and an extended `railing' running along the bridge leading to the 'cap' that links to FAT region. This complex topology was verified by domain insertions and offers a new interpretation of the mTORC1 structure. The spiral of one TOR interacts with the bridge of another, which together form a joint platform for the Regulatory Associated Protein of TOR (RAPTOR) regulatory subunit.

  8. Bactericidal activity of propylene glycol, glycerine, polyethylene glycol 400, and polyethylene glycol 1000 against selected microorganisms

    PubMed Central

    Nalawade, Triveni Mohan; Bhat, Kishore; Sogi, Suma H. P.

    2015-01-01

    Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bactericidal activity of propylene glycol, glycerine, polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400), and polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG 1000) against selected microorganisms in vitro. Materials and Methods: Five vehicles, namely propylene glycol, glycerine, PEG 400, PEG 1000, and combination of propylene glycol with PEG 400, were tested for their bactericidal activity. The minimum bactericidal concentration was noted against four standard strains of organisms, i.e. Streptococcus mutans American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 25175, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 12598, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 35550, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, using broth dilution assay. Successful endodontic therapy depends upon thorough disinfection of root canals. In some refractory cases, routine endodontic therapy is not sufficient, so intracanal medicaments are used for proper disinfection of canals. Intracanal medicaments are dispensed with vehicles which aid in increased diffusion through the dentinal tubules and improve their efficacy. Among the various vehicles used, glycerine is easily available, whereas others like propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol have to be procured from appropriate sources. Also, these vehicles, being viscous, aid in sustained release of the medicaments and improve their handling properties. The most commonly used intracanal medicaments like calcium hydroxide are ineffective on many microorganisms, while most of the other medicaments like MTAD (Mixture of Tetracycline, an Acid, and a Detergent) and Triple Antibiotic Paste (TAP) consist of antibiotics which can lead to development of antibiotic resistance among microorganisms. Thus, in order to use safer and equally effective intracanal medicaments, newer alternatives like chlorhexidine gluconate, ozonized water, etc., are being explored. Similarly, the five vehicles mentioned above are being tested for their antimicrobial activity in this study. Results: All vehicles

  9. Bactericidal activity of propylene glycol, glycerine, polyethylene glycol 400, and polyethylene glycol 1000 against selected microorganisms.

    PubMed

    Nalawade, Triveni Mohan; Bhat, Kishore; Sogi, Suma H P

    2015-01-01

    The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bactericidal activity of propylene glycol, glycerine, polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400), and polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG 1000) against selected microorganisms in vitro. Five vehicles, namely propylene glycol, glycerine, PEG 400, PEG 1000, and combination of propylene glycol with PEG 400, were tested for their bactericidal activity. The minimum bactericidal concentration was noted against four standard strains of organisms, i.e. Streptococcus mutans American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 25175, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 12598, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 35550, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, using broth dilution assay. Successful endodontic therapy depends upon thorough disinfection of root canals. In some refractory cases, routine endodontic therapy is not sufficient, so intracanal medicaments are used for proper disinfection of canals. Intracanal medicaments are dispensed with vehicles which aid in increased diffusion through the dentinal tubules and improve their efficacy. Among the various vehicles used, glycerine is easily available, whereas others like propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol have to be procured from appropriate sources. Also, these vehicles, being viscous, aid in sustained release of the medicaments and improve their handling properties. The most commonly used intracanal medicaments like calcium hydroxide are ineffective on many microorganisms, while most of the other medicaments like MTAD (Mixture of Tetracycline, an Acid, and a Detergent) and Triple Antibiotic Paste (TAP) consist of antibiotics which can lead to development of antibiotic resistance among microorganisms. Thus, in order to use safer and equally effective intracanal medicaments, newer alternatives like chlorhexidine gluconate, ozonized water, etc., are being explored. Similarly, the five vehicles mentioned above are being tested for their antimicrobial activity in this study. All vehicles exhibited bactericidal activity at

  10. 75 FR 47245 - Airworthiness Directives; The Boeing Company Model 747-400, 747-400D, and 747-400F Series...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-05

    ... Model 747-400, 747- 400D, and 747-400F Series Airplanes Equipped With General Electric CF6- 80C2 or Pratt & Whitney PW4000 Series Engines AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice... certain Model 747-400, 747-400D, and 747-400F series airplanes. This proposed AD would require modifying...

  11. 45 CFR 618.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 618.400 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION... administration of scholarships, fellowships, or other awards established by foreign or domestic wills, trusts, or... educational institution that administers or assists in the administration of such scholarships, fellowships...

  12. 45 CFR 618.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 618.400 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION... administration of scholarships, fellowships, or other awards established by foreign or domestic wills, trusts, or... educational institution that administers or assists in the administration of such scholarships, fellowships...

  13. 45 CFR 618.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 618.400 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION... administration of scholarships, fellowships, or other awards established by foreign or domestic wills, trusts, or... educational institution that administers or assists in the administration of such scholarships, fellowships...

  14. Modulation of the N400 component in relation to hypomanic personality traits in a word meaning ambiguity resolution task.

    PubMed

    Raucher-Chéné, Delphine; Terrien, Sarah; Gobin, Pamela; Gierski, Fabien; Kaladjian, Arthur; Besche-Richard, Chrystel

    2017-09-01

    High levels of hypomanic personality traits have been associated with an increased risk of developing bipolar disorder (BD). Changes in semantic content, impaired verbal associations, abnormal prosody, and abnormal speed of language are core features of BD, and are thought to be related to semantic processing abnormalities. In the present study, we used event-related potentials to investigate the relation between semantic processing (N400 component) and hypomanic personality traits. We assessed 65 healthy young adults on the Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS). Event-related potentials were recorded during a semantic ambiguity resolution task exploring semantic ambiguity (polysemous word ending a sentence) and congruency (target word semantically related to the sentence). As expected, semantic ambiguity and congruency both elicited an N400 effect across our sample. Correlation analyses showed a significant positive relationship between the Social Vitality subscore of the HPS and N400 modulation in the frontal region of interest in the incongruent unambiguous condition, and in the frontocentral region of interest in the incongruent ambiguous condition. We found differences in semantic processing (i.e., detection of incongruence and semantic inhibition) in individuals with higher Social Vitality subscores. In the light of the literature, we discuss the notion that a semantic processing impairment could be a potential marker of vulnerability to BD, and one that needs to be explored further in this clinical population. © 2017 The Authors. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences © 2017 Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology.

  15. 28 CFR 54.400 - Education programs or activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Section 54.400 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF..., privilege, advantage, or opportunity. (c) Assistance administered by a recipient educational institution to study at a foreign institution. A recipient educational institution may administer or assist in the...

  16. N400 Deficits from Semantic Matching of Pictures in Probands and First-Degree Relatives from Multiplex Schizophrenia Families

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Guerra, Seidel; Ibanez, Agustin; Martin, Migdyrai; Bobes, Maria Antonieta; Reyes, Adnelys; Mendoza, Raul; Bravo, Tania; Dominguez, Mayelin; Sosa, Mitchell Valdes

    2009-01-01

    Endophenotypes is one emerging strategy in schizophrenia research that is being used to identify the functional importance of genetically transmitted, brain-based deficits present in this disease. Currently, event-related potentials (ERPs) are timely used in this search. Several ERPs, including N400, present deficits in relation to schizophrenia.…

  17. Differential cellulolytic activity of native-form and C-terminal tagged-form cellulase derived from coptotermes formosanus and expressed in E. coli

    USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

    The endogenous cellulase gene (CfEG3a) of Coptotermes formosanus, an economically important pest termite, was cloned and overexpressed in both native form (nCfEG) and C-terminal His-tagged form (tCfEG) in E.coli. Both forms of recombinant cellulases showed hydrolytic activity on cellulosic substrate...

  18. FN400 and LPC memory effects for concrete and abstract words

    PubMed Central

    Stróżak, Paweł; Bird, Christopher W.; Corby, Krystin; Frishkoff, Gwen; Curran, Tim

    2016-01-01

    According to dual-process models, recognition memory depends on two neurocognitive mechanisms: familiarity, which has been linked to the "frontal N400" (FN400) effect in studies using event-related potentials (ERPs), and recollection, which is reflected by changes in the late positive complex (LPC). Recently, there has been some debate over the relationship between FN400 familiarity effects and N400 semantic effects. According to one view, these effects are one and the same. Proponents of this view have suggested that the frontal distribution of the FN400 could be due to stimulus concreteness: recognition memory experiments commonly use highly imageable or concrete words (or pictures), which elicit semantic ERPs with a frontal distribution. In the present study we tested this claim using a recognition memory paradigm in which subjects memorized concrete and abstract nouns; half of the words changed font color between study and test. FN400 and LPC old/new effects were observed for abstract, as well as concrete words, and were stronger over right hemisphere electrodes for concrete words. However, there was no difference in anteriority of the FN400 effect for the two word types. These findings challenge the notion that the frontal distribution of the FN400 old/new effect is fully explained by stimulus concreteness. PMID:27463978

  19. Pore-forming activity and structural autoinhibition of the gasdermin family.

    PubMed

    Ding, Jingjin; Wang, Kun; Liu, Wang; She, Yang; Sun, Qi; Shi, Jianjin; Sun, Hanzi; Wang, Da-Cheng; Shao, Feng

    2016-07-07

    Inflammatory caspases cleave the gasdermin D (GSDMD) protein to trigger pyroptosis, a lytic form of cell death that is crucial for immune defences and diseases. GSDMD contains a functionally important gasdermin-N domain that is shared in the gasdermin family. The functional mechanism of action of gasdermin proteins is unknown. Here we show that the gasdermin-N domains of the gasdermin proteins GSDMD, GSDMA3 and GSDMA can bind membrane lipids, phosphoinositides and cardiolipin, and exhibit membrane-disrupting cytotoxicity in mammalian cells and artificially transformed bacteria. Gasdermin-N moved to the plasma membrane during pyroptosis. Purified gasdermin-N efficiently lysed phosphoinositide/cardiolipin-containing liposomes and formed pores on membranes made of artificial or natural phospholipid mixtures. Most gasdermin pores had an inner diameter of 10–14 nm and contained 16 symmetric protomers. The crystal structure of GSDMA3 showed an autoinhibited two-domain architecture that is conserved in the gasdermin family. Structure-guided mutagenesis demonstrated that the liposome-leakage and pore-forming activities of the gasdermin-N domain are required for pyroptosis. These findings reveal the mechanism for pyroptosis and provide insights into the roles of the gasdermin family in necrosis, immunity and diseases.

  20. A funny thing happened on the way to articulation: N400 attenuation despite behavioral interference in picture naming

    PubMed Central

    Blackford, Trevor; Holcomb, Phillip J.; Grainger, Jonathan; Kuperberg, Gina R.

    2013-01-01

    We measured Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) and naming times to picture targets preceded by masked words (stimulus onset asynchrony: 80 ms) that shared one of three different types of relationship with the names of the pictures: (1) Identity related, in which the prime was the name of the picture (“socks” – ), (2) Phonemic Onset related, in which the initial segment of the prime was the same as the name of the picture (“log” – ), and (3) Semantically related in which the prime was a co–category exemplar and associated with the name of the picture (“cake” – ). Each type of related picture target was contrasted with an Unrelated picture target, resulting in a 3 × 2 design that crossed Relationship Type between the word and the target picture (Identity, Phonemic Onset and Semantic) with Relatedness (Related and Unrelated). Modulation of the N400 component to related (versus unrelated) pictures was taken to reflect semantic processing at the interface between the picture's conceptual features and its lemma, while naming times reflected the end product of all stages of processing. Both attenuation of the N400 and shorter naming times were observed to pictures preceded by Identity related (versus Unrelated) words. No ERP effects within 600 ms, but shorter naming times, were observed to pictures preceded by Phonemic Onset related (versus Unrelated) words. An attenuated N400 (electrophysiological semantic priming) but longer naming times (behavioral semantic interference) were observed to pictures preceded by Semantically related (versus Unrelated) words. These dissociations between ERP modulation and naming times suggest that (a) phonemic onset priming occurred late, during encoding of the articulatory response, and (b) semantic behavioral interference was not driven by competition at the lemma level of representation, but rather occurred at a later stage of production. PMID:22245030

  1. 7 CFR 400.162 - Qualification ratios.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Regulatory Information System” distributed by NAIC, 120 West 12th St., Kansas City, MO 64105-1925; (b) Three... Key Rating Guide, A.M. Best, Ambest Road, Oldwick, N.J. 08858-0700; (c) One ratio found in § 400.170(d...

  2. 7 CFR 400.162 - Qualification ratios.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Regulatory Information System” distributed by NAIC, 120 West 12th St., Kansas City, MO 64105-1925; (b) Three... Key Rating Guide, A.M. Best, Ambest Road, Oldwick, N.J. 08858-0700; (c) One ratio found in § 400.170(d...

  3. 7 CFR 400.162 - Qualification ratios.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Regulatory Information System” distributed by NAIC, 120 West 12th St., Kansas City, MO 64105-1925; (b) Three... Key Rating Guide, A.M. Best, Ambest Road, Oldwick, N.J. 08858-0700; (c) One ratio found in § 400.170(d...

  4. 7 CFR 400.162 - Qualification ratios.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Regulatory Information System” distributed by NAIC, 120 West 12th St., Kansas City, MO 64105-1925; (b) Three... Key Rating Guide, A.M. Best, Ambest Road, Oldwick, N.J. 08858-0700; (c) One ratio found in § 400.170(d...

  5. 7 CFR 400.162 - Qualification ratios.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Regulatory Information System” distributed by NAIC, 120 West 12th St., Kansas City, MO 64105-1925; (b) Three... Key Rating Guide, A.M. Best, Ambest Road, Oldwick, N.J. 08858-0700; (c) One ratio found in § 400.170(d...

  6. 78 FR 17220 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Application for Naturalization, Form N-400; Revision of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-20

    ... validity of the methodology and assumptions used; (3) Enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the... the inadmissibility grounds that were added by the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of...

  7. A 400-ka tephrochronological framework for Central America from Lake Petén Itzá (Guatemala) sediments

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kutterolf, S.; Schindlbeck, J. C.; Anselmetti, F. S.; Ariztegui, D.; Brenner, M.; Curtis, J.; Schmid, D.; Hodell, D. A.; Mueller, A.; Pérez, L.; Pérez, W.; Schwalb, A.; Frische, M.; Wang, K.-L.

    2016-10-01

    Lake Petén Itzá, northern Guatemala, lies within a hydrologically closed basin in the south-central area of the Yucatán Peninsula, and was drilled under the auspices of the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) in 2006. At 16°55‧N latitude, the lake is ideally located for study of past climate and environmental conditions in the Neotropical lowlands. Because of its great depth (>160 m), Lake Petén Itzá has a record of continuous sediment accumulation that extends well into the late Pleistocene. A key obstacle to obtaining long climate records from the region is the difficulty of establishing a robust chronology beyond ∼40 ka, the limit of 14C dating. Tephra layers within the Lake Petén Itzá sediments, however, enable development of age/depth relations beyond 40 ka. Ash beds from large-magnitude, Pleistocene-to-Holocene silicic eruptions of caldera volcanoes along the Central American Volcanic Arc (CAVA) were found throughout drill cores collected from Lake Petén Itzá. These ash beds were used to establish a robust chronology extending back 400 ka. We used major- and trace-element glass composition to establish 12 well-constrained correlations between the lacustrine tephra layers in Lake Petén Itzá sediments and dated deposits at the CAVA source volcanoes, and with their marine equivalents in eastern Pacific Ocean sediments. The data also enabled revision of eight previous determinations of erupted volumes and masses, and initial estimates for another four eruptions, as well as the designation of source areas for 14 previously unknown eruptions. The new and revised sedimentation rates for the older sediment successions identify the interglacial of MIS5a between 84 and 72 ka, followed by a stadial between 72 and 59 ka that corresponds to MIS4. We modified the age models for the Lake Petén Itzá sediment sequences, extended the paleoclimate and paleoecological record for this Neotropical region to ∼400 ka, and determined the

  8. Antisnake Venom Activity of Hibiscus aethiopicus L. against Echis ocellatus and Naja n. nigricollis.

    PubMed

    Hasson, S S; Al-Jabri, A A; Sallam, T A; Al-Balushi, M S; Mothana, R A A

    2010-01-01

    The objective of the study is to investigate whether the Hibiscus aethiopicus L. plant has neutralization activity against venoms of two clinically important snakes. The H. aethiopicus was dried and extracted with water. Different assays were performed to evaluate the plant's acute toxicity and its anti-snake venom activities. The results showed that H. aethiopicus extract alone had no effect on the viability of C(2)C(12) muscle cells, but significantly (P < .05) protected muscle cells against the toxic effects of E. ocellatus venom at 55, 150, and 300 mug/mL. The maximum protective effect of the extract was exhibited at 75 mug/mL. The extract significantly (P < .001) inhibited the cytotoxic effects of E. ocellatus venom at 300 mug/mL. All rabbits (n = 10) and guinea pigs (n = 10) were alive after the two weeks of given the lethal dosage 16 g/Kg of the H. aethiopicus extract herbal solution. No abnormal behaviour was observed of both groups of animals. All guinea pigs (n = 3) treated with venoms alone (5 mg/kg) died. However, all guinea pigs (n = 21) treated with venom (5 mg/kg) and the extract (400 to 1000 mg/kg) survived. Guinea pigs (n = 3) treated with Naja n. nigricollis venom alone (2.5 mg/kg) and guinea pigs (n = 21) venom with the extract (400 to 1000 mg/kg) died. The H. aethiopicus completely (100%) blocked the haemorrhagic activity of E. ocellatus in the egg embryo at 3.3 mg/mL of extract. These findings suggest that H. aethiopicus may contain an endogenous inhibitor of venom-induced haemorrhage.

  9. 31 CFR 25.400 - Loan provisions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Loan provisions. 25.400 Section 25... SALES LOANS MADE BY THE DEFENSE SECURITY ASSISTANCE AGENCY AND FOREIGN MILITARY SALES LOANS MADE BY THE FEDERAL FINANCING BANK AND GUARANTEED BY THE DEFENSE SECURITY ASSISTANCE AGENCY Form of Private Loan § 25...

  10. 49 CFR 179.400-8 - Thickness of plates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Liquid Tank Car Tanks and Seamless Steel Tanks (Classes DOT-113 and 107A) § 179.400-8 Thickness of plates... joints, except that for seamless heads, E = 1.0. (b) The minimum wall thickness, after forming, of any 3..., except that for seamless heads, E=1.0. (c) The minimum wall thickness, after forming, of a flanged and...

  11. 49 CFR 179.400-8 - Thickness of plates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Liquid Tank Car Tanks and Seamless Steel Tanks (Classes DOT-113 and 107A) § 179.400-8 Thickness of plates... joints, except that for seamless heads, E = 1.0. (b) The minimum wall thickness, after forming, of any 3..., except that for seamless heads, E=1.0. (c) The minimum wall thickness, after forming, of a flanged and...

  12. 49 CFR 179.400-8 - Thickness of plates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Specification for Cryogenic Liquid Tank Car Tanks and Seamless Steel Tanks (Classes DOT-113 and 107A) § 179.400... welded joints, except that for seamless heads, E = 1.0. (b) The minimum wall thickness, after forming, of..., except that for seamless heads, E=1.0. (c) The minimum wall thickness, after forming, of a flanged and...

  13. 49 CFR 179.400-8 - Thickness of plates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Liquid Tank Car Tanks and Seamless Steel Tanks (Classes DOT-113 and 107A) § 179.400-8 Thickness of plates... joints, except that for seamless heads, E = 1.0. (b) The minimum wall thickness, after forming, of any 3..., except that for seamless heads, E=1.0. (c) The minimum wall thickness, after forming, of a flanged and...

  14. 49 CFR 179.400-8 - Thickness of plates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Liquid Tank Car Tanks and Seamless Steel Tanks (Classes DOT-113 and 107A) § 179.400-8 Thickness of plates... joints, except that for seamless heads, E = 1.0. (b) The minimum wall thickness, after forming, of any 3..., except that for seamless heads, E=1.0. (c) The minimum wall thickness, after forming, of a flanged and...

  15. 49 CFR 179.400-5 - Materials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Specification for Cryogenic Liquid Tank Car Tanks and Seamless Steel Tanks (Classes DOT-113 and 107A) § 179.400... condition prior to fabrication, forming and fusion welding; (2) Suitable for use at the temperature of the...) Conducted at the tank design service temperature or colder; and (4) Performed on test plate welds and...

  16. 22 CFR 312.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) Peace Corps awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... official, you must obtain each recipient's agreement, as a condition of the award, to comply with the... awarding official? 312.400 Section 312.400 Foreign Relations PEACE CORPS GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of Peace Corps Awarding Officials § 312.400...

  17. 22 CFR 312.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) Peace Corps awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... official, you must obtain each recipient's agreement, as a condition of the award, to comply with the... awarding official? 312.400 Section 312.400 Foreign Relations PEACE CORPS GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of Peace Corps Awarding Officials § 312.400...

  18. Effects of N precursor on the agglomeration and visible light photocatalytic activity of N-doped TiO2 nanocrystalline powder.

    PubMed

    Hu, Yulong; Liu, Hongfang; Rao, Qiuhua; Kong, Xiaodong; Sun, Wei; Guo, Xingpeng

    2011-04-01

    N-doped TiO2 nanocrystalline powders were prepared by the sol-gel method using various N precursors, including triethylamine, hydrazine hydrate, ethylenediamine, ammonium hydroxide, and urea. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption isotherms, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activities of as-prepared samples under irradiation of visible light (lambda > 405 nm) were evaluated by photodecomposition of methyl orange. The alkalinity of N precursor was found to play a key role in the gel process. The N precursor with moderate alkalinity causes TiO2 nanoparticles to be sol-transformed into a loosely agglomerated gel. This transformation facilitates the preparation of an N-doped TiO2 powder with small nanocrystal size, large specific surface area, and high N doping level and results in high visible light photocatalytic activity. The N in TiO2 with N is binding energy at 399-400 eV may be assigned to the N-H species located in interstitial sites of TiO2 lattice which is the active N species responsible for the visible light photocatalytic activity. The N species of N 1s peak at 402 and 405 eV are ineffective to the visible light photocatalytic activity and may inhibit the photocatalytic activity. Moreover, a TiO2 nanoparticle powder with large specific area can be achieved by using urea as a template and then by using ammonium hydroxide to transform the sol into gel.

  19. N400 Event-Related Potential and Standardized Measures of Reading in Late Elementary School Children: Correlated or Independent?

    PubMed Central

    Coch, Donna; Benoit, Clarisse

    2015-01-01

    We investigated whether and how standardized behavioral measures of reading and electrophysiological measures of reading were related in 72 typically developing, late elementary school children. Behavioral measures included standardized tests of spelling, phonological processing, vocabulary, comprehension, naming speed, and memory. Electrophysiological measures were composed of the amplitude of the N400 component of the event-related potential waveform elicited by real words, pseudowords, nonpronounceable letter strings, and strings of letter-like symbols (false fonts). The only significant brain-behavior correlations were between standard scores on the vocabulary test and N400 mean amplitude to real words (r = −.272) and pseudowords (r = −.235). We conclude that, while these specific sets of standardized behavioral and electrophysiological measures both provide an index of reading, for the most part, they are independent and draw upon different underlying processing resources. [T]o completely analyze what we do when we read… would be to describe very many of the most intricate workings of the human mind, as well as to unravel the tangled story of the most remarkable specific performance that civilization has learned in all its history(Huey, 1908/1968, p. 3). PMID:26346715

  20. Cultural differences in the visual processing of meaning: detecting incongruities between background and foreground objects using the N400.

    PubMed

    Goto, Sharon G; Ando, Yumi; Huang, Carol; Yee, Alicia; Lewis, Richard S

    2010-06-01

    East Asians have been found to allocate relatively greater attention to background objects, whereas European Americans have been found to allocate relatively greater attention to foreground objects. This is well documented across a variety of cognitive measures. We used a modification of the Ganis and Kutas (2003) N400 event-related potential design to measure the degree to which Asian Americans and European Americans responded to semantic incongruity between target objects and background scenes. As predicted, Asian Americans showed a greater negativity to incongruent trials than to congruent trials. In contrast, European Americans showed no difference in amplitude across the two conditions. Furthermore, smaller magnitude N400 incongruity effects were associated with higher independent self-construal scores. These data suggest that Asian Americans are processing the relationship between foreground and background objects to a greater degree than European Americans, which is consistent with hypothesized greater holistic processing among East Asians. Implications for using neural measures, the role of semantic processing to understand cultural differences in cognition, and the relationship between self construal and neural measures of cognition are discussed.

  1. Cultural differences in the visual processing of meaning: Detecting incongruities between background and foreground objects using the N400

    PubMed Central

    Ando, Yumi; Huang, Carol; Yee, Alicia; Lewis, Richard S.

    2010-01-01

    East Asians have been found to allocate relatively greater attention to background objects, whereas European Americans have been found to allocate relatively greater attention to foreground objects. This is well documented across a variety of cognitive measures. We used a modification of the Ganis and Kutas (2003) N400 event-related potential design to measure the degree to which Asian Americans and European Americans responded to semantic incongruity between target objects and background scenes. As predicted, Asian Americans showed a greater negativity to incongruent trials than to congruent trials. In contrast, European Americans showed no difference in amplitude across the two conditions. Furthermore, smaller magnitude N400 incongruity effects were associated with higher independent self-construal scores. These data suggest that Asian Americans are processing the relationship between foreground and background objects to a greater degree than European Americans, which is consistent with hypothesized greater holistic processing among East Asians. Implications for using neural measures, the role of semantic processing to understand cultural differences in cognition, and the relationship between self construal and neural measures of cognition are discussed. PMID:19776220

  2. Pharmacokinetics and bactericidal activities of one 800-milligram dose versus two 400-milligram doses of intravenously administered pefloxacin in healthy volunteers.

    PubMed Central

    Petitjean, O; Pangon, B; Brion, N; Tod, M; Chaplain, C; Le Gros, V; Louchahi, K; Allouch, P

    1993-01-01

    Pefloxacin pharmacokinetics and serum bactericidal activities (SBA) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were compared after intravenous infusion of either a single 800-mg dose or twice-daily 400-mg doses into 16 healthy volunteers. Plasma pefloxacin concentrations were measured for up to 60 h, and SBAs were determined 1, 12, and 24 h after the start of the infusion. The mean areas under the concentration-versus-time curve for plasma were not different (138 versus 136 h.mg/liter). The mean clearances, volumes of distribution, and half-lives were also comparable. The mean (+/- standard deviation) maximal concentration after the 800-mg infusion was 12.11 +/- 1.35 versus 6.51 +/- 0.73 mg/liter after the first 400-mg infusion and 7.42 +/- 0.76 mg/liter after the second 400-mg infusion. Mean trough concentrations at 24 h were significantly different: 2.77 +/- 0.63 (800 mg) versus 1.93 +/- 0.49 (400 mg twice) mg/liter (P = 0.0007). Mean SBAs against E. coli after 800 mg of pefloxacin were higher than 1/128 (1 h), 1/32 (12 h), and 1/16 (24 h). Mean SBAs against S. aureus under the same conditions were higher than 1/64 (1 h), 1/16 (12 h), and 1/8 (24 h). Mean SBAs at 1 and 12 h were significantly higher after the 800-mg infusion than after the 400-mg infusion but were similar at 24 h for both regimens. Comparison of SBAs according to National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards criteria showed a similar adequacy at 24 h for both regimens against both strains. Administration of 800 mg of pefloxacin once a day is bioequivalent to 400 mg twice a day, and bactericidal activity of the 800-mg infusion is not less than that of two 400-mg infusions. PMID:8494368

  3. 17 CFR 274.128 - Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Form N-CSR, certified... Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report. This form shall be used by registered management investment... Form N-CSR, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the...

  4. 17 CFR 274.128 - Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Form N-CSR, certified... Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report. This form shall be used by registered management investment... Form N-CSR, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the...

  5. 22 CFR 1509.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) ADF awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... official, you must obtain each recipient's agreement, as a condition of the award, to comply with the... awarding official? 1509.400 Section 1509.400 Foreign Relations AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of ADF Awarding...

  6. 22 CFR 1509.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) ADF awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... official, you must obtain each recipient's agreement, as a condition of the award, to comply with the... awarding official? 1509.400 Section 1509.400 Foreign Relations AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of ADF Awarding...

  7. High 400 °C operation temperature blue spectrum concentration solar junction in GaInN/GaN

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Zhao, Liang; Detchprohm, Theeradetch; Wetzel, Christian

    2014-12-15

    Transparent wide gap junctions suitable as high temperature, high flux topping cells have been achieved in GaInN/GaN by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. In structures of 25 quantum wells (QWs) under AM1.5G illumination, an open circuit voltage of 2.1 V is achieved. Of the photons absorbed in the limited spectral range of <450 nm, 64.2% are converted to electrons collected at the contacts under zero bias. At a fill factor of 45%, they account for a power conversion efficiency of38.6%. Under concentration, the maximum output power density per sun increases from 0.49 mW/cm{sup 2} to 0.51 mW/cm{sup 2} at 40 suns and then falls 0.42 mW/cm{sup 2}more » at 150 suns. Under external heating, a maximum of 0.59 mW/cm{sup 2} is reached at 250 °C. Even at 400 °C, the device is fully operational and exceeds room temperature performance. A defect analysis suggests that significantly higher fill factors and extension into longer wavelength ranges are possible with further development. The results prove GaInN/GaN QW solar junctions a viable and rugged topping cell for concentrator photovoltaics with minimal cooling requirements. By capturing the short range spectrum, they reduce the thermal load to any conventional cells stacked behind.« less

  8. 20 CFR 663.400 - How are training services provided?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false How are training services provided? 663.400 Section 663.400 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Individual Training Accounts § 663...

  9. 77 FR 27474 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Form N-648, Revision of an Existing Information...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-10

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services Agency Information... Disability Exceptions. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS), U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services... Security sponsoring the collection: Form N-648. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). (4...

  10. An N-terminally truncated form of cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase Iα (PKG Iα) is monomeric and autoinhibited and provides a model for activation.

    PubMed

    Moon, Thomas M; Sheehe, Jessica L; Nukareddy, Praveena; Nausch, Lydia W; Wohlfahrt, Jessica; Matthews, Dwight E; Blumenthal, Donald K; Dostmann, Wolfgang R

    2018-05-25

    The type I cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKG I) serve essential physiological functions, including smooth muscle relaxation, cardiac remodeling, and platelet aggregation. These enzymes form homodimers through their N-terminal dimerization domains, a feature implicated in regulating their cooperative activation. Previous investigations into the activation mechanisms of PKG I isoforms have been largely influenced by structures of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Here, we examined PKG Iα activation by cGMP and cAMP by engineering a monomeric form that lacks N-terminal residues 1-53 (Δ53). We found that the construct exists as a monomer as assessed by whole-protein MS, size-exclusion chromatography, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Reconstruction of the SAXS 3D envelope indicates that Δ53 has a similar shape to the heterodimeric RIα-C complex of PKA. Moreover, we found that the Δ53 construct is autoinhibited in its cGMP-free state and can bind to and be activated by cGMP in a manner similar to full-length PKG Iα as assessed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy. However, we found that the Δ53 variant does not exhibit cooperative activation, and its cyclic nucleotide selectivity is diminished. These findings support a model in which, despite structural similarities, PKG Iα activation is distinct from that of PKA, and its cooperativity is driven by in trans interactions between protomers. © 2018 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

  11. Influence of N2 annealing on TiO2 tubes structure and its photocatalytic activity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chen, Xiaoxiang; Pan, Zhanchang; Yu, Ke; Xiao, Jun; Wu, Shoukun; Li, Jinghong; Chen, Chun; Lin, Yingsheng; Hu, Guanghui; Xu, Yanbin

    2018-02-01

    In this work, the TiO2 tubes (TBs) were prepared by solvothermal method. The morphology and phase structure of TiO2 TBs is significantly affected by N2 annealing temperature. XRD was used to characterize the phase structure of the as-prepared samples. The morphology and surface areas were characterized by SEM and N2 adsorption-desorption, which show that the tubes were assembled with about 100-nm nanosheets and small ball particles under 400 and 600 °C N2 annealing; when temperature reached 800 °C, the surface of tubes appeared a lot of collapse and many large holes. In addition, the surface areas of 400 °C TiO2, 600 °C TiO2, and 800 °C TiO2 TBs were significantly affected by N2 annealing. Most importantly, the UV-vis and electrochemical tests demonstrate 600 °C TiO2 TBs exhibit higher absorption intensity and photocurrent; thus, it possess on better photocatalytic activity. Therefore, the photocatalytic performance for TiO2 TBs is significantly co-affected by surface area and mix-phase. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

  12. N250r and N400 ERP correlates of immediate famous face repetition are independent of perceptual load.

    PubMed

    Neumann, Markus F; Schweinberger, Stefan R

    2008-11-06

    It is a matter of considerable debate whether attention to initial stimulus presentations is required for repetition-related neural modulations to occur. Recently, it has been assumed that faces are particularly hard to ignore, and can capture attention in a reflexive manner. In line with this idea, electrophysiological evidence for long-term repetition effects of unattended famous faces has been reported. The present study investigated influences of attention to prime faces on short-term repetition effects in event-related potentials (ERPs). We manipulated attention to short (200 ms) prime presentations (S1) of task-irrelevant famous faces according to Lavie's Perceptual Load Theory. Participants attended to letter strings superimposed on face images, and identified target letters "X" vs. "N" embedded in strings of either 6 different (high load) or 6 identical (low load) letters. Letter identification was followed by probe presentations (S2), which were either repetitions of S1 faces, new famous faces, or infrequent butterflies, to which participants responded. Our ERP data revealed repetition effects in terms of an N250r at occipito-temporal regions, suggesting priming of face identification processes, and in terms of an N400 at the vertex, suggesting semantic priming. Crucially, the magnitude of these effects was unaffected by perceptual load at S1 presentation. This indicates that task-irrelevant face processing is remarkably preserved even in a demanding letter detection task, supporting recent notions of face-specific attentional resources.

  13. N400-like responses to three-chord harmonic sequences with unexpected out of key endings: scalp topography, cortical sources, and perspectives for a clinical use.

    PubMed

    Bonfiglio, Luca; Virgillito, Alessandra; Magrini, Massimo; Piarulli, Andrea; Bergamasco, Massimo; Barcaro, Umberto; Rossi, Bruno; Salvetti, Ovidio; Carboncini, Maria Chiara

    2015-03-01

    A series of ERP components, each provided with both a precise timing with respect to stimulation and a specific cortical localization, reflects the temporal succession of processing stages of music information. This makes the musical stimulus potentially usable to probe residual brain functions in non-communicating patients with disorders of consciousness. In an attempt to find a simple stimulation protocol that was suitable for use in a clinical setting, the purpose of this study was to verify whether a minimum-length musical stimulus, provided with a definite music-syntactic connotation, was still able to elicit musical ERPs in a group of eight healthy subjects. The stimulus was composed of the minimum number of chords necessary and sufficient to enable the subject to predict a plausible closure of the sequence (priming) and, at the same time, to provide him/her with the closing chord of the sequence (target), either congruous (probable closing) or not (improbable closing) to the tonal context. The subject's task was to discriminate and recognize the irregular targets. The components that were expected to be elicited, in this experimental situation, were ERAN, N5, P600/LPC. Conversely, in addition to these former components, we unexpectedly observed a N400-like component. To determine whether this component was a real N400, we submitted our data to a sLORETA analysis in order to identify its cortical generators. Irregular chords showed higher current densities with respect to regular ones on the right-sided medial and superior temporal gyri, superior and inferior parietal lobules, fusiform and parahippocampal gyri, and on the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex. In particular, the N400-like wave seems to share with the word-primed music-elicited N400 certain generators that are located in cortical areas BA 21/37 and BA 22. This suggests that even chord-primed chord targets can convey extra-musical meanings and that, consequently, they might be useful in

  14. Incidence of loss of ability to walk 400 meters in a functionally limited older population.

    PubMed

    Chang, Milan; Cohen-Mansfield, Jiska; Ferrucci, Luigi; Leveille, Suzanne; Volpato, Stefano; de Rekeneire, Nathalie; Guralnik, Jack M

    2004-12-01

    To assess the incidence of and factors related to nondisabled but functionally limited older adults aged 75 to 85 years losing the ability to walk 400 m. Observational study with average follow-up of 21 months. Community. At baseline, 101 persons with objective signs of functional limitations and intact cognitive function agreed to participate in the study. Of these, 81 were able to walk 400 m at baseline, and 62 participated in the follow-up examination. Mobility disability was defined as an inability to complete a 400-m walk test. At baseline, eligible participants (n=81) had the ability to walk 400 m, scored between 4 and 9 on the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB; range 0-12), and scored 18 or more on the Mini-Mental State Examination. Demographics, difficulty in daily activities, disease status, behavioral risk factors, and muscle strength were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Of 62 persons at follow-up, 21 (33.9%) developed incident mobility disability. The strongest predictors of loss of mobility were the time to complete the 400-m walk at baseline (odds ratio (OR)=1.6 per 1-minute difference, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.04-2.45), and decline in SPPB score over the follow-up (OR=1.4 per 1-point difference, 95% CI=1.01-1.92). Older persons with functional limitations have a high rate of loss of ability to walk 400 m. The 400-m walk test is a highly relevant, discrete outcome that is an ideal target for testing preventive interventions in vulnerable older populations.

  15. No one way ticket from orthography to semantics in recognition memory: N400 and P200 effects of associations.

    PubMed

    Stuellein, Nicole; Radach, Ralph R; Jacobs, Arthur M; Hofmann, Markus J

    2016-05-15

    Computational models of word recognition already successfully used associative spreading from orthographic to semantic levels to account for false memories. But can they also account for semantic effects on event-related potentials in a recognition memory task? To address this question, target words in the present study had either many or few semantic associates in the stimulus set. We found larger P200 amplitudes and smaller N400 amplitudes for old words in comparison to new words. Words with many semantic associates led to larger P200 amplitudes and a smaller N400 in comparison to words with a smaller number of semantic associations. We also obtained inverted response time and accuracy effects for old and new words: faster response times and fewer errors were found for old words that had many semantic associates, whereas new words with a large number of semantic associates produced slower response times and more errors. Both behavioral and electrophysiological results indicate that semantic associations between words can facilitate top-down driven lexical access and semantic integration in recognition memory. Our results support neurophysiologically plausible predictions of the Associative Read-Out Model, which suggests top-down connections from semantic to orthographic layers. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  16. 75 FR 30907 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 990-N

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-02

    ... 990-N AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice and request for comments... Form 990-N, Electronic Notice (e-Postcard) for Tax-Exempt Organizations not Required To file Form 990... Number: 1545-2085. Form Number: 990-N. Abstract: Section 1223 of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 (PPA...

  17. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-chitosan as thermosensitive in situ gel-forming system for ocular drug delivery.

    PubMed

    Cao, Yanxia; Zhang, Can; Shen, Wenbin; Cheng, Zhihong; Yu, Liangli Lucy; Ping, Qineng

    2007-07-31

    A novel copolymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-chitosan (PNIPAAm-CS), was investigated for its thermosensitive in situ gel-forming properties and potential utilization for ocular drug delivery. The thermal sensitivity and low critical solution temperature (LCST) were determined by the cloud point method. PNIPAAm-CS had a LCST of 32 degrees C, which is close to the surface temperature of the eye. The in vivo ocular pharmacokinetics of timolol maleate in PNIPAAm-CS solution were evaluated and compared to that in conventional eye drop solution by using rabbits according to the microdialysis method. The C(max) of timolol maleate in aqueous fluid for the PNIPAAm-CS solution was 11.2 microg/ml, which is two-fold higher than that of the conventional eye drop, along with greater AUC. Furthermore, the PNIPAAm-CS gel-forming solution of timolol maleate had a stronger capacity to reduce the intra-ocular pressure (IOP) than that of the conventional eye drop of same concentration over a period of 12 h. In addition, the MTT assay showed that there is little cytotoxicity of PNIPAAm-CS at concentration range of 0.5-400 microg/ml. These results suggest that PNIPAAm-CS is a potential thermosensitive in situ gel-forming material for ocular drug delivery, and it may improve the bio-availability, efficacy, and compliance of some eye drugs.

  18. 48 CFR 370.400 - Scope of subpart.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... SPECIAL PROGRAMS AFFECTING ACQUISITION Acquisitions Involving the Use of Laboratory Animals 370.400 Scope of subpart. This subpart applies to all R & D, research training, biological testing, housing and maintenance, and other activities involving live vertebrate animals conducted under contract (see Public...

  19. 48 CFR 370.400 - Scope of subpart.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... SPECIAL PROGRAMS AFFECTING ACQUISITION Acquisitions Involving the Use of Laboratory Animals 370.400 Scope of subpart. This subpart applies to all R & D, research training, biological testing, housing and maintenance, and other activities involving live vertebrate animals conducted under contract (see Public...

  20. 48 CFR 370.400 - Scope of subpart.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... SPECIAL PROGRAMS AFFECTING ACQUISITION Acquisitions Involving the Use of Laboratory Animals 370.400 Scope of subpart. This subpart applies to all R & D, research training, biological testing, housing and maintenance, and other activities involving live vertebrate animals conducted under contract (see Public...

  1. 48 CFR 370.400 - Scope of subpart.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... SPECIAL PROGRAMS AFFECTING ACQUISITION Acquisitions Involving the Use of Laboratory Animals 370.400 Scope of subpart. This subpart applies to all R & D, research training, biological testing, housing and maintenance, and other activities involving live vertebrate animals conducted under contract (see Public...

  2. 48 CFR 370.400 - Scope of subpart.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... SPECIAL PROGRAMS AFFECTING ACQUISITION Acquisitions Involving the Use of Laboratory Animals 370.400 Scope of subpart. This subpart applies to all R & D, research training, biological testing, housing and maintenance, and other activities involving live vertebrate animals conducted under contract (see Public...

  3. 45 CFR 630.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) National Science Foundation awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Science Foundation awarding official? 630.400 Section 630.400 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of National Science Foundation Awarding Officials § 630...

  4. 45 CFR 630.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) National Science Foundation awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Science Foundation awarding official? 630.400 Section 630.400 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of National Science Foundation Awarding Officials § 630...

  5. 45 CFR 630.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) National Science Foundation awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Science Foundation awarding official? 630.400 Section 630.400 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of National Science Foundation Awarding Officials § 630...

  6. 45 CFR 630.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) National Science Foundation awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Science Foundation awarding official? 630.400 Section 630.400 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of National Science Foundation Awarding Officials § 630...

  7. 45 CFR 630.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) National Science Foundation awarding official?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Science Foundation awarding official? 630.400 Section 630.400 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Responsibilities of National Science Foundation Awarding Officials § 630...

  8. Pragmatic skills predict online counterfactual comprehension: Evidence from the N400.

    PubMed

    Kulakova, Eugenia; Nieuwland, Mante S

    2016-10-01

    Counterfactual thought allows people to consider alternative worlds they know to be false. Communicating these thoughts through language poses a social-communicative challenge because listeners typically expect a speaker to produce true utterances, but counterfactuals per definition convey information that is false. Listeners must therefore incorporate overt linguistic cues (subjunctive mood, such as in If I loved you then) in a rapid way to infer the intended counterfactual meaning. The present EEG study focused on the comprehension of such counterfactual antecedents and investigated if pragmatic ability-the ability to apply knowledge of the social-communicative use of language in daily life-predicts the online generation of counterfactual worlds. This yielded two novel findings: (1) Words that are consistent with factual knowledge incur a semantic processing cost, as reflected in larger N400 amplitude, in counterfactual antecedents compared to hypothetical antecedents (If sweets were/are made of sugar). We take this to suggest that counterfactuality is quickly incorporated during language comprehension and reduces online expectations based on factual knowledge. (2) Individual scores on the Autism Quotient Communication subscale modulated this effect, suggesting that individuals who are better at understanding the communicative intentions of other people are more likely to reduce knowledge-based expectations in counterfactuals. These results are the first demonstration of the real-time pragmatic processes involved in creating possible worlds.

  9. Tracking lexical consolidation with ERPs: Lexical and semantic-priming effects on N400 and LPC responses to newly-learned words.

    PubMed

    Bakker, Iske; Takashima, Atsuko; van Hell, Janet G; Janzen, Gabriele; McQueen, James M

    2015-12-01

    Novel words can be recalled immediately and after little exposure, but require a post-learning consolidation period to show word-like behaviour such as lexical competition. This pattern is thought to reflect a qualitative shift from episodic to lexical representations. However, several studies have reported immediate effects of meaningful novel words on semantic processing, suggesting that integration of novel word meanings may not require consolidation. The current study synthesises and extends these findings by showing a dissociation between lexical and semantic effects on the electrophysiological (N400, LPC) response to novel words. The difference in N400 amplitude between novel and existing words (a lexical effect) decreased significantly after a 24-h consolidation period, providing novel support for the hypothesis that offline consolidation aids lexicalisation. In contrast, novel words preceded by semantically related primes elicited a more positive LPC response (a semantic-priming effect) both before and after consolidation, indicating that certain semantic effects can be observed even when words have not been fully lexicalised. We propose that novel meanings immediately start to contribute to semantic processing, but that the underlying neural processes may shift from strategic to more automatic with consolidation. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  10. 17 CFR 274.10 - Form N-8A, for notification of registration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Form N-8A, for notification of... (CONTINUED) FORMS PRESCRIBED UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 Registration Statements § 274.10 Form N...: For Federal Register citations affecting Form N-8A, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which...

  11. 17 CFR 274.10 - Form N-8A, for notification of registration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Form N-8A, for notification of... (CONTINUED) FORMS PRESCRIBED UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 Registration Statements § 274.10 Form N...: For Federal Register citations affecting Form N-8A, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which...

  12. Surface passivation of p-type Ge substrate with high-quality GeN{sub x} layer formed by electron-cyclotron-resonance plasma nitridation at low temperature

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Fukuda, Yukio; Otani, Yohei; Okamoto, Hiroshi

    2011-09-26

    We have investigated the effects of the formation temperature and postmetallization annealing (PMA) on the interface properties of GeN{sub x}/p-Ge fabricated by the plasma nitridation of Ge substrates using an electron-cyclotron-resonance-generated nitrogen plasma. The nitridation temperature is found to be a critical parameter in improving the finally obtained GeN{sub x}/Ge interface properties. The GeN{sub x}/Ge formed at room temperature and treated by PMA at 400 deg. C exhibits the best interface properties with an interface trap density of 1 x 10{sup 11 }cm{sup -2 }eV{sup -1}. The GeN{sub x}/Ge interface is unpinned and the Fermi level at the Ge surfacemore » can move from the valence band edge to the conduction band edge.« less

  13. Probing the N-5 region of the indoloquinoline alkaloid, cryptolepine for anticryptococcal activity.

    PubMed

    Ablordeppey, S Y; Fan, P; Clark, A M; Nimrod, A

    1999-02-01

    N-5 Alkylated analogues of cryptolepine were synthesized and tested for anticryptococcal activity. Evidence provided in this study suggests that the active form of cryptolepine consists of the flat tetracyclic aromatic ring with the methyl group on the N-5 atom. It was also found that changes in the electronic density around the N-5 atom do not appear to affect activity. Steric hindrance of the N-5 substituents seems to decrease activity. Through systematic modification of the N-5 alkyl groups, o-phenylpentyl group was shown to possess the highest potency thus far.

  14. 7 CFR 400.57 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false [Reserved] 400.57 Section 400.57 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS Actual Production History § 400.57 [Reserved] ...

  15. 7 CFR 400.57 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false [Reserved] 400.57 Section 400.57 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS Actual Production History § 400.57 [Reserved] ...

  16. 7 CFR 400.57 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false [Reserved] 400.57 Section 400.57 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS Actual Production History § 400.57 [Reserved] ...

  17. 7 CFR 400.57 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false [Reserved] 400.57 Section 400.57 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS Actual Production History § 400.57 [Reserved] ...

  18. 7 CFR 400.57 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false [Reserved] 400.57 Section 400.57 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS Actual Production History § 400.57 [Reserved] ...

  19. 24 CFR 891.400 - Responsibilities of owner.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... DISABILITIES PROGRAM) SUPPORTIVE HOUSING FOR THE ELDERLY AND PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES Project Management § 891.400 Responsibilities of owner. (a) Marketing. (1) The Owner must commence and continue diligent marketing activities not later than 90 days before the anticipated date of availability of the first unit or...

  20. 76 FR 41673 - Airworthiness Directives; The Boeing Company Model 747-400 and -400D Series Airplanes

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-15

    ... Airworthiness Directives; The Boeing Company Model 747-400 and - 400D Series Airplanes AGENCY: Federal Aviation... 747-400 and - 400D series airplanes, certificated in any category; as specified in Boeing Service... with the Accomplishment Instructions of Boeing Service Bulletin 747-29A2114, Revision 1, dated July 15...

  1. Autocatalytic activity and substrate specificity of the pestivirus N-terminal protease N{sup pro}

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gottipati, Keerthi; Acholi, Sudheer; Ruggli, Nicolas

    Pestivirus N{sup pro} is the first protein translated in the viral polypeptide, and cleaves itself off co-translationally generating the N-terminus of the core protein. Once released, N{sup pro} blocks the host's interferon response by inducing degradation of interferon regulatory factor-3. N{sup pro'}s intracellular autocatalytic activity and lack of trans-activity have hampered in vitro cleavage studies to establish its substrate specificity and the roles of individual residues. We constructed N{sup pro}-GFP fusion proteins that carry the authentic cleavage site and determined the autoproteolytic activities of N{sup pro} proteins containing substitutions at the predicted catalytic sites Glu22 and Cys69, at Arg100 thatmore » forms a salt bridge with Glu22, and at the cleavage site Cys168. Contrary to previous reports, we show that N{sup pro'}s catalytic activity does not involve Glu22, which may instead be involved in protein stability. Furthermore, N{sup pro} does not have specificity for Cys168 at the cleavage site even though this residue is conserved throughout the pestivirus genus. - Highlights: • N{sup pro'}s autoproteolysis is studied using N{sup pro}-GFP fusion proteins. • N-terminal 17 amino acids are dispensable without loss of protease activity. • The putative catalytic residue Glu22 is not involved in protease catalysis. • No specificity for Cys168 at the cleavage site despite evolutionary conservation. • N{sup pro} prefers small amino acids with non-branched beta carbons at the P1 position.« less

  2. 47 CFR 10.400 - Classification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Classification. 10.400 Section 10.400 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL COMMERCIAL MOBILE ALERT SYSTEM Alert Message Requirements § 10.400 Classification. A Participating CMS Provider is required to receive and transmit three...

  3. 47 CFR 10.400 - Classification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Classification. 10.400 Section 10.400 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL COMMERCIAL MOBILE ALERT SYSTEM Alert Message Requirements § 10.400 Classification. A Participating CMS Provider is required to receive and transmit three...

  4. 47 CFR 10.400 - Classification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Classification. 10.400 Section 10.400 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL WIRELESS EMERGENCY ALERTS Alert Message Requirements § 10.400 Classification. A Participating CMS Provider is required to receive and transmit three classes...

  5. 47 CFR 10.400 - Classification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Classification. 10.400 Section 10.400 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL COMMERCIAL MOBILE ALERT SYSTEM Alert Message Requirements § 10.400 Classification. A Participating CMS Provider is required to receive and transmit three...

  6. 47 CFR 10.400 - Classification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Classification. 10.400 Section 10.400 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL WIRELESS EMERGENCY ALERTS Alert Message Requirements § 10.400 Classification. A Participating CMS Provider is required to receive and transmit three classes...

  7. 47 CFR 400.10 - Closeout.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Closeout. 400.10 Section 400.10 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.10 Closeout...

  8. 47 CFR 400.10 - Closeout.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Closeout. 400.10 Section 400.10 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.10 Closeout...

  9. 47 CFR 400.10 - Closeout.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Closeout. 400.10 Section 400.10 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.10 Closeout...

  10. 47 CFR 400.10 - Closeout.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Closeout. 400.10 Section 400.10 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.10 Closeout...

  11. 47 CFR 400.10 - Closeout.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Closeout. 400.10 Section 400.10 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.10 Closeout...

  12. The speEspeD operon of Escherichia coli. Formation and processing of a proenzyme form of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase.

    PubMed

    Tabor, C W; Tabor, H

    1987-11-25

    We have previously shown that the gene (speD) for S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase is part of an operon that also contains the gene (speE) for spermidine synthase (Tabor, C. W., Tabor, H., and Xie, Q.-W. (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 83, 6040-6044). We have now determined the nucleotide sequence of this operon and have found that speD codes for a polypeptide of Mr = 30,400, which is considerably greater than the subunit size of the purified enzyme. Our studies show that S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase is first formed as a Mr = 30,400 polypeptide and that this proenzyme is then cleaved at the Lys111-Ser112 peptide bond to form a Mr = 12,400 subunit and a Mr = 18,000 subunit. The latter subunit contains the pyruvoyl moiety that we previously showed is required for enzymatic activity. Both subunits are present in the purified enzyme. These conclusions are based on (i) pulse-chase experiments with a strain containing a speD+ plasmid which showed a precursor-product relationship between the proenzyme and the enzyme subunits, (ii) the amino acid sequence of the proenzyme form of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (derived from the nucleotide sequence of the speD gene), and (iii) comparison of this sequence of the proenzyme with the N-terminal amino acid sequences of the two subunits of the purified enzyme reported by Anton and Kutny (Anton, D. L., and Kutny, R. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 2817-2822).

  13. Expression and characterization of an N-truncated form of the NifA protein of Azospirillum brasilense.

    PubMed

    Nishikawa, C Y; Araújo, L M; Kadowaki, M A S; Monteiro, R A; Steffens, M B R; Pedrosa, F O; Souza, E M; Chubatsu, L S

    2012-02-01

    Azospirillum brasilense is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium associated with important agricultural crops such as rice, wheat and maize. The expression of genes responsible for nitrogen fixation (nif genes) in this bacterium is dependent on the transcriptional activator NifA. This protein contains three structural domains: the N-terminal domain is responsible for the negative control by fixed nitrogen; the central domain interacts with the RNA polymerase σ(54) co-factor and the C-terminal domain is involved in DNA binding. The central and C-terminal domains are linked by the interdomain linker (IDL). A conserved four-cysteine motif encompassing the end of the central domain and the IDL is probably involved in the oxygen-sensitivity of NifA. In the present study, we have expressed, purified and characterized an N-truncated form of A. brasilense NifA. The protein expression was carried out in Escherichia coli and the N-truncated NifA protein was purified by chromatography using an affinity metal-chelating resin followed by a heparin-bound resin. Protein homogeneity was determined by densitometric analysis. The N-truncated protein activated in vivo nifH::lacZ transcription regardless of fixed nitrogen concentration (absence or presence of 20 mM NH(4)Cl) but only under low oxygen levels. On the other hand, the aerobically purified N-truncated NifA protein bound to the nifB promoter, as demonstrated by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, implying that DNA-binding activity is not strictly controlled by oxygen levels. Our data show that, while the N-truncated NifA is inactive in vivo under aerobic conditions, it still retains DNA-binding activity, suggesting that the oxidized form of NifA bound to DNA is not competent to activate transcription.

  14. Expression and characterization of an N-truncated form of the NifA protein of Azospirillum brasilense

    PubMed Central

    Nishikawa, C.Y.; Araújo, L.M.; Kadowaki, M.A.S.; Monteiro, R.A.; Steffens, M.B.R.; Pedrosa, F.O.; Souza, E.M.; Chubatsu, L.S.

    2012-01-01

    Azospirillum brasilense is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium associated with important agricultural crops such as rice, wheat and maize. The expression of genes responsible for nitrogen fixation (nif genes) in this bacterium is dependent on the transcriptional activator NifA. This protein contains three structural domains: the N-terminal domain is responsible for the negative control by fixed nitrogen; the central domain interacts with the RNA polymerase σ54 factor and the C-terminal domain is involved in DNA binding. The central and C-terminal domains are linked by the interdomain linker (IDL). A conserved four-cysteine motif encompassing the end of the central domain and the IDL is probably involved in the oxygen-sensitivity of NifA. In the present study, we have expressed, purified and characterized an N-truncated form of A. brasilense NifA. The protein expression was carried out in Escherichia coli and the N-truncated NifA protein was purified by chromatography using an affinity metal-chelating resin followed by a heparin-bound resin. Protein homogeneity was determined by densitometric analysis. The N-truncated protein activated in vivo nifH::lacZ transcription regardless of fixed nitrogen concentration (absence or presence of 20 mM NH4Cl) but only under low oxygen levels. On the other hand, the aerobically purified N-truncated NifA protein bound to the nifB promoter, as demonstrated by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, implying that DNA-binding activity is not strictly controlled by oxygen levels. Our data show that, while the N-truncated NifA is inactive in vivo under aerobic conditions, it still retains DNA-binding activity, suggesting that the oxidized form of NifA bound to DNA is not competent to activate transcription. PMID:22267004

  15. 46 CFR 130.400 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Applicability. 130.400 Section 130.400 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS VESSEL CONTROL, AND MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS Automation of Unattended Machinery Spaces § 130.400 Applicability. This...

  16. 47 CFR 400.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Purpose. 400.1 Section 400.1 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.1 Purpose. This part...

  17. 47 CFR 400.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Purpose. 400.1 Section 400.1 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.1 Purpose. This part...

  18. 47 CFR 400.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Purpose. 400.1 Section 400.1 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.1 Purpose. This part...

  19. 47 CFR 400.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Purpose. 400.1 Section 400.1 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.1 Purpose. This part...

  20. 47 CFR 400.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Purpose. 400.1 Section 400.1 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.1 Purpose. This part...

  1. Effect of different N fertilizer forms on antioxidant capacity and grain yield of rice growing under Cd stress.

    PubMed

    Jalloh, Mohamed Alpha; Chen, Jinghong; Zhen, Fanrong; Zhang, Guoping

    2009-03-15

    Cadmium contamination in soil has become a serious issue in sustainable agriculture production and food safety. A pot experiment was conducted to study the influence of four N fertilizer forms on grain yield, Cd concentration in plant tissues and oxidative stress under two Cd levels (0 and 100 mg Cd kg(-1)soil). The results showed that both N form and Cd stress affected grain yield, with urea-N and NH(4)(+)-N treatments having significantly higher grain yields, and Cd addition reducing yield. NO(3)(-)-N and NH(4)(+)-N treated plants had the highest and lowest Cd concentration in plant tissues, respectively. Urea-N and NH(4)(+)-N treatments had significantly higher N accumulation in plant tissues than other two N treatments. Cd addition caused a significant increase in leaf superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities for all N treatments, except for NO(3)(-)-N treatment, with urea-N and NH(4)(+)-N treated plants having more increase than organic-N treated ones. The results indicated that growth inhibition, yield reduction and Cd uptake of rice plants in response to Cd addition varied with the N fertilizer form.

  2. 45 CFR 400.200 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Scope. 400.200 Section 400.200 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Federal Funding § 400.200...

  3. 45 CFR 400.114 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 400.114 Section 400.114 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Child Welfare Services § 400...

  4. 45 CFR 400.3 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 400.3 Section 400.3 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Introduction § 400.3...

  5. 45 CFR 400.24 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 400.24 Section 400.24 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM General Administration § 400...

  6. 45 CFR 400.26 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 400.26 Section 400.26 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM General Administration § 400...

  7. 47 CFR 68.400 - Content.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    1999-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 3 1999-10-01 1999-10-01 false Content. 68.400 Section 68.400 Title 47- FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION-(CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) CONNECTION OF TERMINAL EQUIPMENT TO THE TELEPHONE NETWORK Complaint Procedures § 68.400 Content. A complaint shall be in writing...

  8. 15 CFR 400.53 - Information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Information. 400.53 Section 400.53..., Record and Information § 400.53 Information. (a) Request for information. The Board may request submission of any information, including business proprietary information, and written argument necessary or...

  9. 15 CFR 400.53 - Information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Information. 400.53 Section 400.53..., Record and Information § 400.53 Information. (a) Request for information. The Board may request submission of any information, including business proprietary information, and written argument necessary or...

  10. 33 CFR 101.400 - Enforcement.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Enforcement. 101.400 Section 101.400 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY MARITIME SECURITY MARITIME SECURITY: GENERAL Control Measures for Security § 101.400 Enforcement. (a) The rules and...

  11. 15 CFR 400.53 - Information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Information. 400.53 Section 400.53..., Record and Information § 400.53 Information. (a) Request for information. The Board may request submission of any information, including business proprietary information, and written argument necessary or...

  12. 42 CFR 400.300 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Scope. 400.300 Section 400.300 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL PROVISIONS INTRODUCTION; DEFINITIONS OMB Control Numbers for Approved Collections of Information § 400.300 Scope. This...

  13. 42 CFR 400.300 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Scope. 400.300 Section 400.300 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL PROVISIONS INTRODUCTION; DEFINITIONS OMB Control Numbers for Approved Collections of Information § 400.300 Scope. This...

  14. Inverted Al0.25Ga0.75N/GaN ultraviolet p-i-n photodiodes formed on p-GaN template layer grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chang, Kuo-Hua; Sheu, Jinn-Kong; Lee, Ming-Lun; Tu, Shang-Ju; Yang, Chih-Ciao; Kuo, Huan-Shao; Yang, J. H.; Lai, Wei-Chih

    2010-07-01

    Inverted Al0.25Ga0.75N/GaN ultraviolet (UV) p-i-n photodiodes (PDs) were grown by selective-area regrowth on p-GaN template. The inverted devices with low-resistivity n-type AlGaN top-contact layers exhibited a typical zero-bias peak responsivity of 66.7 mA/W at 310 nm corresponding to the external quantum efficiency of 26.6%. The typical UV-to-visible (310/400 nm) spectral rejection ratio at zero-bias was over three orders of magnitude. The differential resistance and detectivity were obtained at approximately 6.2×1012 Ω and 3.4×1013 cm Hz1/2 W-1, respectively. Compared with conventional AlGaN/GaN-based UV p-i-n PDs, the proposed device structure can potentially achieve solar-blind AlGaN/GaN-based p-i-n PDs with low-aluminum content or aluminum-free p-contact layer and reduce excessive tensile strain due to the lattice mismatch between AlGaN and GaN layers.

  15. 45 CFR 164.400 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Applicability. 164.400 Section 164.400 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES ADMINISTRATIVE DATA STANDARDS AND RELATED REQUIREMENTS SECURITY AND PRIVACY Notification in the Case of Breach of Unsecured Protected Health Information § 164.400...

  16. 45 CFR 164.400 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Applicability. 164.400 Section 164.400 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES ADMINISTRATIVE DATA STANDARDS AND RELATED REQUIREMENTS SECURITY AND PRIVACY Notification in the Case of Breach of Unsecured Protected Health Information § 164.400...

  17. 45 CFR 164.400 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Applicability. 164.400 Section 164.400 Public Welfare Department of Health and Human Services ADMINISTRATIVE DATA STANDARDS AND RELATED REQUIREMENTS SECURITY AND PRIVACY Notification in the Case of Breach of Unsecured Protected Health Information § 164.400...

  18. 15 CFR 400.54 - Information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Information. 400.54 Section 400.54..., Notice, Hearings and Information § 400.54 Information. (a) Request for information. The Executive Secretary, on behalf of the Board, may request submission of any information, including business proprietary...

  19. 15 CFR 400.54 - Information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Information. 400.54 Section 400.54..., Notice, Hearings and Information § 400.54 Information. (a) Request for information. The Executive Secretary, on behalf of the Board, may request submission of any information, including business proprietary...

  20. 45 CFR 400.56 - Structure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Structure. 400.56 Section 400.56 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND... § 400.56 Structure. (a) States may choose to enter into a partnership agreement with local resettlement...

  1. 14 CFR 1214.400 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2011-01-01 2010-01-01 true Scope. 1214.400 Section 1214.400 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION SPACE FLIGHT International Space Station Crew § 1214.400 Scope. (a) This subpart sets forth policy and procedures with respect to International Space...

  2. Active Structural Acoustic Control in an Original A400M Aircraft Structure

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Koehne, C.; Sachau, D.; Renger, K.

    2016-09-01

    Low frequency noise has always been a challenge in propeller driven aircraft. At low frequencies passive noise treatments are not as efficient as active noise reduction systems. The Helmut-Schmidt-University has built up a full-scale test rig with an original A400M aircraft structure. This provides a good opportunity to develop and test active noise reduction systems in a realistic environment. The currently installed system consists of mechanical actuators and acoustical sensors. The actuators are called TVAs (Tuneable Vibration Absorber) and contain two spring-mass systems whose natural frequencies are adjusted to the BPFs (Blade Passage Frequency) of the propellers. The TVAs are mounted to the frames and the force direction is normal to the skin. The sensors are condenser microphones which are attached to the primary structure of the airframe. The TVAs are equipped with signal processing devices. These components carry out Fourier transforms and signal amplification for the sensor data and actuator signals. The communication between the TVAs and the central control unit is implemented by the CAN Bus protocol and mainly consists of complex coefficients for the sensor and actuator data. This paper describes the basic structure of the system, the hardware set-up and function tests of the controller.

  3. 78 FR 46692 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 990-N

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-01

    ... 990-N AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice and request for comments... Form 990-N, Electronic Notice (e-Postcard) for Tax-Exempt Organizations not Required To file Form 990... Number: 990-N. Abstract: Section 1223 of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 (PPA '06), enacted on August...

  4. Solubility of pioglitazone hydrochloride in binary mixtures of polyethylene glycol 400 with ethanol, propylene glycol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and water at 25 degrees C.

    PubMed

    Jouyban, Abolghasem; Soltanpour, Shahla

    2010-09-01

    The solubility of pioglitazone hydrochloride in binary mixtures of polyethylene glycol 400 with ethanol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, propylene glycol, and water at 25 degrees C are reported. The generated data are fitted to the Jouyban-Acree model and the mean relative deviations are 2.6%, 1.5%, 5.8%, and 7.4%, respectively for ethanol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, propylene glycol, and water.

  5. 47 CFR 68.400 - Content.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    1997-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 3 1997-10-01 1997-10-01 false Content. 68.400 Section 68.400 COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) CONNECTION OF TERMINAL EQUIPMENT TO THE TELEPHONE NETWORK Complaint Procedures § 68.400 Content. A complaint shall be in writing and shall contain: (a) The name and address of the...

  6. 47 CFR 68.400 - Content.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    1998-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 3 1998-10-01 1998-10-01 false Content. 68.400 Section 68.400 COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) CONNECTION OF TERMINAL EQUIPMENT TO THE TELEPHONE NETWORK Complaint Procedures § 68.400 Content. A complaint shall be in writing and shall contain: (a) The name and address of the...

  7. 47 CFR 68.400 - Content.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    1996-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 3 1996-10-01 1996-10-01 false Content. 68.400 Section 68.400 COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) CONNECTION OF TERMINAL EQUIPMENT TO THE TELEPHONE NETWORK Complaint Procedures § 68.400 Content. A complaint shall be in writing and shall contain: (a) The name and address of the...

  8. 42 CFR 405.400 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Definitions. 405.400 Section 405.400 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Private Contracts § 405.400 Definitions. For purposes of this...

  9. 42 CFR 405.400 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Definitions. 405.400 Section 405.400 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Private Contracts § 405.400 Definitions. For purposes of this...

  10. 42 CFR 405.400 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions. 405.400 Section 405.400 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Private Contracts § 405.400 Definitions. For purposes of this...

  11. 15 CFR 400.1 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Scope. 400.1 Section 400.1 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) FOREIGN-TRADE ZONES BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE REGULATIONS OF THE FOREIGN-TRADE ZONES BOARD Scope and Definitions § 400.1...

  12. 17 CFR 249.331 - Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report. 249.331 Section 249.331 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE... Required Under Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 § 249.331 Form N-CSR, certified...

  13. 17 CFR 249.331 - Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report. 249.331 Section 249.331 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE... Required Under Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 § 249.331 Form N-CSR, certified...

  14. 24 CFR 597.400 - Reporting.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reporting. 597.400 Section 597.400...-Designation Requirements § 597.400 Reporting. HUD will require periodic reports for the Empowerment Zones and... government and State actions which have been taken in accordance with the strategic plan. In addition to...

  15. 34 CFR 82.400 - Penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Penalties. 82.400 Section 82.400 Education Office of the Secretary, Department of Education NEW RESTRICTIONS ON LOBBYING Penalties and Enforcement § 82.400... failure. (c) A filing or amended filing on or after the date on which an administrative action for the...

  16. 12 CFR 411.400 - Penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Penalties. 411.400 Section 411.400 Banks and Banking EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES NEW RESTRICTIONS ON LOBBYING Penalties and Enforcement § 411.400 Penalties. (a) Any person who makes an expenditure prohibited herein shall be subject to a...

  17. 13 CFR 400.103 - Offices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Offices. 400.103 Section 400.103 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Board Procedures § 400.103 Offices. The principal offices of the Board are in the U.S. Department of...

  18. 7 CFR 400.132 - Hearings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Hearings. 400.132 Section 400.132 Agriculture... Years § 400.132 Hearings. (a) If an employee timely files a petition for a hearing, the FCIC Official will select the date, time, and location for the hearing. (b) The hearing shall be conducted by an...

  19. 7 CFR 400.132 - Hearings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Hearings. 400.132 Section 400.132 Agriculture... Years § 400.132 Hearings. (a) If an employee timely files a petition for a hearing, the FCIC Official will select the date, time, and location for the hearing. (b) The hearing shall be conducted by an...

  20. 47 CFR 68.400 - Content.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2000-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 3 2000-10-01 2000-10-01 false Content. 68.400 Section 68.400 Title 47- FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION-(CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) CONNECTION OF TERMINAL EQUIPMENT TO THE TELEPHONE NETWORK Complaint Procedures § 68.400 Content. A complaint shall be in writing and shall contain: (a) The name and address...

  1. Structure of the cleavage-activated prefusion form of the parainfluenza virus 5 fusion protein.

    PubMed

    Welch, Brett D; Liu, Yuanyuan; Kors, Christopher A; Leser, George P; Jardetzky, Theodore S; Lamb, Robert A

    2012-10-09

    The paramyxovirus parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) enters cells by fusion of the viral envelope with the plasma membrane through the concerted action of the fusion (F) protein and the receptor binding protein hemagglutinin-neuraminidase. The F protein folds initially to form a trimeric metastable prefusion form that is triggered to undergo large-scale irreversible conformational changes to form the trimeric postfusion conformation. It is thought that F refolding couples the energy released with membrane fusion. The F protein is synthesized as a precursor (F0) that must be cleaved by a host protease to form a biologically active molecule, F1,F2. Cleavage of F protein is a prerequisite for fusion and virus infectivity. Cleavage creates a new N terminus on F1 that contains a hydrophobic region, known as the FP, which intercalates target membranes during F protein refolding. The crystal structure of the soluble ectodomain of the uncleaved form of PIV5 F is known; here we report the crystal structure of the cleavage-activated prefusion form of PIV5 F. The structure shows minimal movement of the residues adjacent to the protease cleavage site. Most of the hydrophobic FP residues are buried in the uncleaved F protein, and only F103 at the newly created N terminus becomes more solvent-accessible after cleavage. The conformational freedom of the charged arginine residues that compose the protease recognition site increases on cleavage of F protein.

  2. Structure of the cleavage-activated prefusion form of the parainfluenza virus 5 fusion protein

    PubMed Central

    Welch, Brett D.; Liu, Yuanyuan; Kors, Christopher A.; Leser, George P.; Jardetzky, Theodore S.; Lamb, Robert A.

    2012-01-01

    The paramyxovirus parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) enters cells by fusion of the viral envelope with the plasma membrane through the concerted action of the fusion (F) protein and the receptor binding protein hemagglutinin-neuraminidase. The F protein folds initially to form a trimeric metastable prefusion form that is triggered to undergo large-scale irreversible conformational changes to form the trimeric postfusion conformation. It is thought that F refolding couples the energy released with membrane fusion. The F protein is synthesized as a precursor (F0) that must be cleaved by a host protease to form a biologically active molecule, F1,F2. Cleavage of F protein is a prerequisite for fusion and virus infectivity. Cleavage creates a new N terminus on F1 that contains a hydrophobic region, known as the FP, which intercalates target membranes during F protein refolding. The crystal structure of the soluble ectodomain of the uncleaved form of PIV5 F is known; here we report the crystal structure of the cleavage-activated prefusion form of PIV5 F. The structure shows minimal movement of the residues adjacent to the protease cleavage site. Most of the hydrophobic FP residues are buried in the uncleaved F protein, and only F103 at the newly created N terminus becomes more solvent-accessible after cleavage. The conformational freedom of the charged arginine residues that compose the protease recognition site increases on cleavage of F protein. PMID:23012473

  3. 76 FR 61709 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposed Collection; Comment Request; FDA Form 3728...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-05

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2011-N-0708] Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposed Collection; Comment Request; FDA Form 3728, Animal...: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is announcing an opportunity for public comment on the proposed...

  4. Isolation of a latent polyphenol oxidase from loquat fruit (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.): kinetic characterization and comparison with the active form.

    PubMed

    Sellés-Marchart, Susana; Casado-Vela, Juan; Bru-Martínez, Roque

    2006-02-15

    Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) has been extracted from both soluble and particulate fractions of loquat fruit (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. cv. Algerie). The soluble PPO (20% of total activity) was partially purified 3.3-fold after ammonium sulfate fractionation being in its active state. The particulate PPO fraction (80% of total activity) was purified to homogeneity in a latent form being activable by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The enzyme was purified 40.0-fold with a total yield of 15.3% after extraction by phase partitioning in Triton X-114 followed by three chromatographic steps. The molecular weight was estimated to be about 59.2 and 61.2 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and gel filtration chromatography, respectively, indicating that latent PPO is a monomer. Latent PPO catalyzed the oxidation of chlorogenic acid (CA) at a rate 50-fold faster than that of 4-tert-butylcatechol (TBC) but the soluble active counterpart only twice. Both PPOs exhibited similar Km values for TBC but Km for CA was 5-fold higher for the latent than for the active soluble PPO. Other kinetic characteristics, including sensitivity to inhibitors, substrate specificity, thermal stability, temperature, and pH profiles, were quite different between both PPOs. These results provide strong evidences that the soluble active and the particulate latent are different forms of PPO in loquat fruit flesh. The results suggest that the major PPO form for the oxidation of CA, leading to enzymatic browning under physiological conditions, is the latent one.

  5. In-Situ Formed Hydroxide Accelerating Water Dissociation Kinetics on Co3N for Hydrogen Production in Alkaline Solution.

    PubMed

    Xu, Zhe; Li, Wenchao; Yan, Yadong; Wang, HongXu; Zhu, Heng; Zhao, Meiming; Yan, Shicheng; Zou, Zhigang

    2018-06-21

    Sluggish water dissociation kinetics on nonprecious metal electrocatalysts limits the development of economical hydrogen production from water-alkali electrolyzers. Here, using Co 3 N electrocatalyst as a prototype, we find that during water splitting in alkaline electrolyte a cobalt-containing hydroxide formed on the surface of Co 3 N, which greatly decreased the activation energy of water dissociation (Volmer step, a main rate-determining step for water splitting in alkaline electrolytes). Combining the cobalt ion poisoning test and theoretical calculations, the efficient hydrogen production on Co 3 N electrocatalysts would benefit from favorable water dissociation on in-situ formed cobalt-containing hydroxide and low hydrogen production barrier on the nitrogen sites of Co 3 N. As a result, the Co 3 N catalyst exhibits a low water-splitting activation energy (26.57 kJ mol -1 ) that approaches the value of platinum electrodes (11.69 kJ mol -1 ). Our findings offer new insight into understanding the catalytic mechanism of nitride electrocatalysts, thus contributing to the development of economical hydrogen production in alkaline electrolytes.

  6. Pore-forming activity of clostridial binary toxins.

    PubMed

    Knapp, O; Benz, R; Popoff, M R

    2016-03-01

    Clostridial binary toxins (Clostridium perfringens Iota toxin, Clostridium difficile transferase, Clostridium spiroforme toxin, Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin) as Bacillus binary toxins, including Bacillus anthracis toxins consist of two independent proteins, one being the binding component which mediates the internalization into cell of the intracellularly active component. Clostridial binary toxins induce actin cytoskeleton disorganization through mono-ADP-ribosylation of globular actin and are responsible for enteric diseases. Clostridial and Bacillus binary toxins share structurally and functionally related binding components which recognize specific cell receptors, oligomerize, form pores in endocytic vesicle membrane, and mediate the transport of the enzymatic component into the cytosol. Binding components retain the global structure of pore-forming toxins (PFTs) from the cholesterol-dependent cytotoxin family such as perfringolysin. However, their pore-forming activity notably that of clostridial binding components is more related to that of heptameric PFT family including aerolysin and C. perfringens epsilon toxin. This review focuses upon pore-forming activity of clostridial binary toxins compared to other related PFTs. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Pore-Forming Toxins edited by Mauro Dalla Serra and Franco Gambale. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  7. 2-Nitrosoamino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline activated by the inflammatory response forms nucleotide adducts.

    PubMed

    Lakshmi, Vijaya M; Schut, Herman A J; Zenser, Terry V

    2005-11-01

    Heterocyclic amines and inflammation have been implicated in the etiology of colon cancer. We have recently demonstrated that during autoxidation of the inflammatory mediator nitric oxide 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) undergoes nitrosation to form 2-nitrosoamino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (N-NO-IQ). This study evaluates the genotoxicity of N-NO-IQ and compares the adducts it forms to those of 2-hydroxyamino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (N-OH-IQ). N-NO-IQ was incubated with 2'-deoxyguanosine 3'-monophosphate (dGp) under a variety of inflammatory conditions. 32P-Postlabeling demonstrated the presence of multiple adducts. Incubation of N-OH-IQ with dGp at pH 7.4, 5.5, or 2.0 resulted in the formation of a single major adduct, N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-IQ (dG-C8-IQ). Using a combination of 32P-postlabeling, HPLC, and nuclease P1 treatment, N-NO-IQ was shown to produce dG-C8-IQ under several different conditions. HOCl oxidation of N-NO-IQ increased dG-C8-IQ formation, and this was further increased as pH decreased from 7.4 to 5.5. Oxidation of N-NO-IQ formed a new adduct, adduct 2, while in the absence of oxidants adduct m was the major adduct. Adducts 2 and m were not formed by N-OH-IQ and not further identified. The results demonstrate that N-NO-IQ forms N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-IQ, is genotoxic, is activated by conditions that mediate inflammatory responses, and is a possible cancer risk factor for individuals with colitis, inflammation of the colon.

  8. Comparing Two Forms of Concept Map Critique Activities to Facilitate Knowledge Integration Processes in Evolution Education

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Schwendimann, Beat A.; Linn, Marcia C.

    2016-01-01

    Concept map activities often lack a subsequent revision step that facilitates knowledge integration. This study compares two collaborative critique activities using a Knowledge Integration Map (KIM), a form of concept map. Four classes of high school biology students (n?=?81) using an online inquiry-based learning unit on evolution were assigned…

  9. Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Diethyl Ether and n-Hexane Extract of Polyalthia suberosa Leaves

    PubMed Central

    Yasmen, Nelufar; Tajmim, Afsana; Akter, Mst. Irin; Hazra, Amit Kumar; Rahman, S. M. Mushiur

    2018-01-01

    In folk medicine, Polyalthia suberosa is used as abortifacient, laxative, febrifuge analgesic, filler of tooth cavities, and anti-HIV drug and for rheumatism and various skin infections. The present study was directed to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of diethyl ether and n-hexane extracts of Polyalthia suberosa leaves (PSDE and PSNH). A variety of tests including formalin-induced paw licking test, acetic acid induced writhing test, and tail immersion test were used to assess the analgesic activity. In addition, xylene-induced ear edema test was used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of PSDE and PSNH. PSDE and PSNH at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses expressed analgesic as well as anti-inflammatory activities in mice. In formalin-induced paw licking test, acetic acid induced writhing test, and xylene-induced ear edema test, the extracts exhibited significant inhibition (⁎P < 0.05 versus control) of pain and inflammation. Alternatively, in tail immersion test, PSDE 400 mg/kg showed significant (⁎P < 0.05 versus control) latency at 30 min but another tested sample had no significant latency. From this study, it could be shown that Polyalthia suberosa leaves may contain analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents which support its use in traditional medicine. PMID:29599807

  10. Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Diethyl Ether and n-Hexane Extract of Polyalthia suberosa Leaves.

    PubMed

    Yasmen, Nelufar; Aziz, Md Abdullah; Tajmim, Afsana; Akter, Mst Irin; Hazra, Amit Kumar; Rahman, S M Mushiur

    2018-01-01

    In folk medicine, Polyalthia suberosa is used as abortifacient, laxative, febrifuge analgesic, filler of tooth cavities, and anti-HIV drug and for rheumatism and various skin infections. The present study was directed to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of diethyl ether and n-hexane extracts of Polyalthia suberosa leaves (PSDE and PSNH). A variety of tests including formalin-induced paw licking test, acetic acid induced writhing test, and tail immersion test were used to assess the analgesic activity. In addition, xylene-induced ear edema test was used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of PSDE and PSNH. PSDE and PSNH at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses expressed analgesic as well as anti-inflammatory activities in mice. In formalin-induced paw licking test, acetic acid induced writhing test, and xylene-induced ear edema test, the extracts exhibited significant inhibition ( ⁎ P < 0.05 versus control) of pain and inflammation. Alternatively, in tail immersion test, PSDE 400 mg/kg showed significant ( ⁎ P < 0.05 versus control) latency at 30 min but another tested sample had no significant latency. From this study, it could be shown that Polyalthia suberosa leaves may contain analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents which support its use in traditional medicine.

  11. Direct femtosecond laser surface structuring of crystalline silicon at 400 nm

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nivas, Jijil JJ; Anoop, K. K.; Bruzzese, Riccardo; Philip, Reji; Amoruso, Salvatore

    2018-03-01

    We have analyzed the effects of the laser pulse wavelength (400 nm) on femtosecond laser surface structuring of silicon. The features of the produced surface structures are investigated as a function of the number of pulses, N, and compared with the surface textures produced by more standard near-infrared (800 nm) laser pulses at a similar level of excitation. Our experimental findings highlight the importance of the light wavelength for the formation of the supra-wavelength grooves, and, for a large number of pulses (N ≈ 1000), the generation of other periodic structures (stripes) at 400 nm, which are not observed at 800 nm. These results provide interesting information on the generation of various surface textures, addressing the effect of the laser pulse wavelength on the generation of grooves and stripes.

  12. Isomerization of n-hexane and n-pentane mixture on Pt-alumina catalyst

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Radhi, M.A.; Al-Mutawalli, F.S.; Al-Sammarie, E.A.

    A mixture of n-hexane and n-penane (1:1) by volume was isomerized on commercial Pt-alumina catalyst in a continuously fixed-bed reactor at atmospheric pressure. The effect of temperature, LHSV, hydrogen/hyrocarbon molar ratio and chlorine concentration were studied. It was found that the yield of isohexanes and isopentane increases with increasing the chloride added up to 0.1 and 0.2 mole % CCl/sub 4/ respectively. The rate of isomerization became slower at higher concentrations. Isomerization activity of the catalyst increases with increasing temperature ranging between 350-400/sup 0/C. The yield of isomers decrease with increasing temperature above 400/sup 0/C. The relative conversion of n-hexanemore » in the mixture was found to be more than the conversion of pure n-hexane at the same conditions.« less

  13. 45 CFR 400.317 - Service requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2014-10-01 2012-10-01 true Service requirements. 400.317 Section 400.317 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR... refugee social services under § 400.156. ...

  14. 45 CFR 400.317 - Service requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Service requirements. 400.317 Section 400.317 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR... refugee social services under § 400.156. ...

  15. 45 CFR 400.317 - Service requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Service requirements. 400.317 Section 400.317 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR... refugee social services under § 400.156. ...

  16. 45 CFR 400.317 - Service requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2013-10-01 2012-10-01 true Service requirements. 400.317 Section 400.317 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR... refugee social services under § 400.156. ...

  17. 45 CFR 400.317 - Service requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Service requirements. 400.317 Section 400.317 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR... refugee social services under § 400.156. ...

  18. 17 CFR 274.101 - Form N-SAR, semi-annual report of registered investment companies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Form N-SAR, semi-annual report... Forms for Reports § 274.101 Form N-SAR, semi-annual report of registered investment companies. This form...: For Federal Register citations affecting Form N-SAR, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which...

  19. 17 CFR 274.101 - Form N-SAR, semi-annual report of registered investment companies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Form N-SAR, semi-annual report... Forms for Reports § 274.101 Form N-SAR, semi-annual report of registered investment companies. This form...: For Federal Register citations affecting Form N-SAR, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which...

  20. 17 CFR 274.101 - Form N-SAR, semi-annual report of registered investment companies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Form N-SAR, semi-annual report... Forms for Reports § 274.101 Form N-SAR, semi-annual report of registered investment companies. This form...: For Federal Register citations affecting Form N-SAR, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which...

  1. 17 CFR 274.101 - Form N-SAR, semi-annual report of registered investment companies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Form N-SAR, semi-annual report... Forms for Reports § 274.101 Form N-SAR, semi-annual report of registered investment companies. This form...: For Federal Register citations affecting Form N-SAR, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which...

  2. 17 CFR 274.101 - Form N-SAR, semi-annual report of registered investment companies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Form N-SAR, semi-annual report... Forms for Reports § 274.101 Form N-SAR, semi-annual report of registered investment companies. This form...: For Federal Register citations affecting Form N-SAR, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which...

  3. Visual form predictions facilitate auditory processing at the N1.

    PubMed

    Paris, Tim; Kim, Jeesun; Davis, Chris

    2017-02-20

    Auditory-visual (AV) events often involve a leading visual cue (e.g. auditory-visual speech) that allows the perceiver to generate predictions about the upcoming auditory event. Electrophysiological evidence suggests that when an auditory event is predicted, processing is sped up, i.e., the N1 component of the ERP occurs earlier (N1 facilitation). However, it is not clear (1) whether N1 facilitation is based specifically on predictive rather than multisensory integration and (2) which particular properties of the visual cue it is based on. The current experiment used artificial AV stimuli in which visual cues predicted but did not co-occur with auditory cues. Visual form cues (high and low salience) and the auditory-visual pairing were manipulated so that auditory predictions could be based on form and timing or on timing only. The results showed that N1 facilitation occurred only for combined form and temporal predictions. These results suggest that faster auditory processing (as indicated by N1 facilitation) is based on predictive processing generated by a visual cue that clearly predicts both what and when the auditory stimulus will occur. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  4. 13 CFR 400.207 - Application evaluation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Application evaluation. 400.207 Section 400.207 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.207 Application evaluation. (a) Eligibility screening...

  5. 13 CFR 400.207 - Application evaluation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Application evaluation. 400.207 Section 400.207 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.207 Application evaluation. (a) Eligibility screening...

  6. 13 CFR 400.207 - Application evaluation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Application evaluation. 400.207 Section 400.207 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.207 Application evaluation. (a) Eligibility screening...

  7. 13 CFR 400.207 - Application evaluation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Application evaluation. 400.207 Section 400.207 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.207 Application evaluation. (a) Eligibility screening...

  8. 13 CFR 400.207 - Application evaluation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Application evaluation. 400.207 Section 400.207 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.207 Application evaluation. (a) Eligibility screening...

  9. 76 FR 61763 - Extension: Form N-17f-2; Proposed Collection; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-05

    ...: Form N-17f-2; Proposed Collection; Comment Request Upon Written Request, Copies Available From... information to the Office of Management and Budget for extension and approval. Form N-17f-2 (17 CFR 274.220... Investments in the Custody of Management Investment Companies.'' Form N-17f-2 is the cover sheet for the...

  10. 48 CFR 9904.400 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Section 9904.400 Federal Acquisition Regulations System COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD, OFFICE OF FEDERAL PROCUREMENT POLICY, OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET PROCUREMENT PRACTICES AND COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 9904.400 [Reserved] ...

  11. 45 CFR 400.107 - Medical screening.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2014-10-01 2012-10-01 true Medical screening. 400.107 Section 400.107 Public... AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Refugee Medical Assistance Scope of Medical Services § 400.107 Medical screening. (a) As part of its refugee medical...

  12. 45 CFR 400.107 - Medical screening.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2013-10-01 2012-10-01 true Medical screening. 400.107 Section 400.107 Public... AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Refugee Medical Assistance Scope of Medical Services § 400.107 Medical screening. (a) As part of its refugee medical...

  13. 45 CFR 400.107 - Medical screening.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Medical screening. 400.107 Section 400.107 Public... AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Refugee Medical Assistance Scope of Medical Services § 400.107 Medical screening. (a) As part of its refugee medical...

  14. 45 CFR 400.107 - Medical screening.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Medical screening. 400.107 Section 400.107 Public... AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Refugee Medical Assistance Scope of Medical Services § 400.107 Medical screening. (a) As part of its refugee medical...

  15. 45 CFR 400.107 - Medical screening.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Medical screening. 400.107 Section 400.107 Public... AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Refugee Medical Assistance Scope of Medical Services § 400.107 Medical screening. (a) As part of its refugee medical...

  16. Lateralized activation of Cluster N in the brains of migratory songbirds

    PubMed Central

    Liedvogel, Miriam; Feenders, Gesa; Wada, Kazuhiro; Troje, Nikolaus F.; Jarvis, Erich D.; Mouritsen, Henrik

    2008-01-01

    Cluster N is a cluster of forebrain regions found in night-migratory songbirds that shows high activation of activity-dependent gene expression during night-time vision. We have suggested that Cluster N may function as a specialized night-vision area in night-migratory birds and that it may be involved in processing light-mediated magnetic compass information. Here, we investigated these ideas. We found a significant lateralized dominance of Cluster N activation in the right hemisphere of European robins (Erithacus rubecula). Activation predominantly originated from the contralateral (left) eye. Garden warblers (Sylvia borin) tested under different magnetic field conditions and under monochromatic red light did not show significant differences in Cluster N activation. In the fairly sedentary Sardinian warbler (Sylvia melanocephala), which belongs to the same phyolgenetic clade, Cluster N showed prominent activation levels, similar to that observed in garden warblers and European robins. Thus, it seems that Cluster N activation occurs at night in all species within predominantly migratory groups of birds, probably because such birds have the capability of switching between migratory and sedentary life styles. The activation studies suggest that although Cluster N is lateralized, as is the dependence on magnetic compass orientation, either Cluster N is not involved in magnetic processing or the magnetic modulations of the primary visual signal, forming the basis for the currently supported light-dependent magnetic compass mechanism, are relatively small such that activity-dependent gene expression changes are not sensitive enough to pick them up. PMID:17331212

  17. 30 CFR 75.400-1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Definitions. 75.400-1 Section 75.400-1 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Combustible Materials and Rock Dusting § 75.400-1 Definitions. (a...

  18. 30 CFR 75.400-1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Definitions. 75.400-1 Section 75.400-1 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Combustible Materials and Rock Dusting § 75.400-1 Definitions. (a...

  19. 30 CFR 75.400-1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Definitions. 75.400-1 Section 75.400-1 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Combustible Materials and Rock Dusting § 75.400-1 Definitions. (a...

  20. 30 CFR 75.400-1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Definitions. 75.400-1 Section 75.400-1 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Combustible Materials and Rock Dusting § 75.400-1 Definitions. (a...

  1. 30 CFR 75.400-1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Definitions. 75.400-1 Section 75.400-1 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Combustible Materials and Rock Dusting § 75.400-1 Definitions. (a...

  2. 45 CFR 400.119 - Interstate movement.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Interstate movement. 400.119 Section 400.119... Services § 400.119 Interstate movement. After the initial placement of an unaccompanied minor, the same procedures that govern the movement of nonrefugee foster cases to other States apply to the movement of...

  3. 13 CFR 400.204 - Loan terms.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Loan terms. 400.204 Section 400.204 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.204 Loan terms. (a) All loans guaranteed under the Program shall be...

  4. 13 CFR 400.204 - Loan terms.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Loan terms. 400.204 Section 400.204 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.204 Loan terms. (a) All loans guaranteed under the Program shall be...

  5. 13 CFR 400.204 - Loan terms.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Loan terms. 400.204 Section 400.204 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.204 Loan terms. (a) All loans guaranteed under the Program shall be...

  6. 13 CFR 400.204 - Loan terms.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan terms. 400.204 Section 400.204 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.204 Loan terms. (a) All loans guaranteed under the Program shall be...

  7. 13 CFR 400.204 - Loan terms.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Loan terms. 400.204 Section 400.204 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.204 Loan terms. (a) All loans guaranteed under the Program shall be...

  8. 42 CFR 488.400 - Statutory basis.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Statutory basis. 488.400 Section 488.400 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED... Long-Term Care Facilities with Deficiencies § 488.400 Statutory basis. Sections 1819(h) and 1919(h) of...

  9. 46 CFR 181.400 - Where required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Where required. 181.400 Section 181.400 Shipping COAST... PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Fixed Fire Extinguishing and Detecting Systems § 181.400 Where required. (a) The... cubic meters (6,000 cubic feet); (2) A pre-engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing system must be in...

  10. 42 CFR 400.200 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false General definitions. 400.200 Section 400.200 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL PROVISIONS INTRODUCTION; DEFINITIONS Definitions § 400.200 General definitions. In this chapter, unless the context indicates otherwise— Act means the...

  11. 42 CFR 400.200 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false General definitions. 400.200 Section 400.200 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL PROVISIONS INTRODUCTION; DEFINITIONS Definitions § 400.200 General definitions. In this chapter, unless the context indicates otherwise— Act means the...

  12. 42 CFR 400.200 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false General definitions. 400.200 Section 400.200 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL PROVISIONS INTRODUCTION; DEFINITIONS Definitions § 400.200 General definitions. In this chapter, unless the context indicates otherwise— Act means the...

  13. 42 CFR 400.200 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false General definitions. 400.200 Section 400.200 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL PROVISIONS INTRODUCTION; DEFINITIONS Definitions § 400.200 General definitions. In this chapter, unless the context indicates otherwise— Act means the...

  14. 42 CFR 400.200 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false General definitions. 400.200 Section 400.200 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL PROVISIONS INTRODUCTION; DEFINITIONS Definitions § 400.200 General definitions. In this chapter, unless the context indicates otherwise— Act means the...

  15. NASA PS400: A New Temperature Solid Lubricant Coating for High Temperature Wear Applications

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    DellaCorte, C.; Edmonds, B. J.

    2009-01-01

    A new solid lubricant coating, NASA PS400, has been developed for high temperature tribological applications. This plasma sprayed coating is a variant of the patented PS304 coating and has been formulated to provide higher density, smoother surface finish and better dimensional stability than PS304. PS400 is comprised of a nickel-molybdenum binder that provides strength, creep resistance and extreme oxidative and dimensional stability. Chromium oxide, silver and barium-calcium fluoride eutectic are added to the binder to form PS400.Tribological properties were evaluated with a pin-on-disk test rig in sliding contact to 650 C. Coating material samples were exposed to air, argon and vacuum at 760 C followed by cross section microscopic analysis to assess microstructure stability. Oil-Free microturbine engine hot section foil bearing tests were undertaken to assess PS400 s suitability for hot foil gas bearing applications. The preliminary results indicate that PS400 exhibits tribological characteristics comparable to the PS304 coating but with enhanced creep resistance and dimensional stability suitable for demanding, dynamic applications.

  16. 15 CFR 400.45 - Retail trade.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Retail trade. 400.45 Section 400.45 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) FOREIGN-TRADE ZONES BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE REGULATIONS OF THE FOREIGN-TRADE ZONES BOARD Zone Operations and Administrative Requirements § 400.45 Retail...

  17. 7 CFR 400.129 - Salary offset.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Salary offset. 400.129 Section 400.129 Agriculture... Years § 400.129 Salary offset. (a) Debt collection by salary offset is feasible if: the cost to the Government of collection by salary offset does not exceed the amount of the debt; there are no legal...

  18. 45 CFR 400.60 - Payment levels.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Payment levels. 400.60 Section 400.60 Public... Assistance § 400.60 Payment levels. (a) Under the public/private RCA program, States and the local... the State's TANF payment for the same sized family unit. In States that have TANF payment levels that...

  19. The structure, logic of operation and distinctive features of the system of triggers and counting signals formation for gamma-telescope GAMMA-400

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Topchiev, N. P.; Galper, A. M.; Arkhangelskiy, A. I.; Arkhangelskaja, I. V.; Kheymits, M. D.; Suchkov, S. I.; Yurkin, Y. T.

    2017-01-01

    Scientific project GAMMA-400 (Gamma Astronomical Multifunctional Modular Apparatus) relates to the new generation of space observatories intended to perform an indirect search for signatures of dark matter in the cosmic-ray fluxes, measurements of characteristics of diffuse gamma-ray emission and gamma-rays from the Sun during periods of solar activity, gamma-ray bursts, extended and point gamma-ray sources, electron/positron and cosmic-ray nuclei fluxes up to TeV energy region by means of the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope represents the core of the scientific complex. The system of triggers and counting signals formation of the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope constitutes the pipelined processor structure which collects data from the gamma-ray telescope subsystems and produces summary information used in forming the trigger decision for each event. The system design is based on the use of state-of-the-art reconfigurable logic devices and fast data links. The basic structure, logic of operation and distinctive features of the system are presented.

  20. 46 CFR 118.400 - Where required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Where required. 118.400 Section 118.400 Shipping COAST... Extinguishing and Detecting Systems § 118.400 Where required. (a) The following spaces must be equipped with a... unoccupied space with a gross volume of not more than 170 cubic meters (6,000 cubic feet); (2) A pre...

  1. 49 CFR 179.400-11 - Welding.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Welding. 179.400-11 Section 179.400-11... Liquid Tank Car Tanks and Seamless Steel Tanks (Classes DOT-113 and 107A) § 179.400-11 Welding. (a... welding procedure, welder, and fabricator must be approved. [Amdt. 179-32, 48 FR 27708, June 16, 1983, as...

  2. 49 CFR 179.400-11 - Welding.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Welding. 179.400-11 Section 179.400-11... Liquid Tank Car Tanks and Seamless Steel Tanks (Classes DOT-113 and 107A) § 179.400-11 Welding. (a... welding procedure, welder, and fabricator must be approved. [Amdt. 179-32, 48 FR 27708, June 16, 1983, as...

  3. 49 CFR 179.400-11 - Welding.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Welding. 179.400-11 Section 179.400-11... Liquid Tank Car Tanks and Seamless Steel Tanks (Classes DOT-113 and 107A) § 179.400-11 Welding. (a... welding procedure, welder, and fabricator must be approved. [Amdt. 179-32, 48 FR 27708, June 16, 1983, as...

  4. 49 CFR 179.400-11 - Welding.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Welding. 179.400-11 Section 179.400-11... Liquid Tank Car Tanks and Seamless Steel Tanks (Classes DOT-113 and 107A) § 179.400-11 Welding. (a... welding procedure, welder, and fabricator must be approved. [Amdt. 179-32, 48 FR 27708, June 16, 1983, as...

  5. Potential of ethylenediaminedi(o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) and N,N'-bis(hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid for the determination of metal ions by capillary electrophoresis.

    PubMed

    Krokhin, O V; Kuzina, O V; Hoshino, H; Shpigun, O A; Yotsuyanagi, T

    2000-08-25

    Two aromatic polyaminocarboxylate ligands, ethylenediaminedi(o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) (EDDHA) and N,N'-bis(hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid (HBED), were applied for the separation of transition and heavy metal ions by the ion-exchange variant of electrokinetic chromatography. EDDHA structure contains two chiral carbon centers. It makes it impossible to use the commercially available ligand. All the studied metal ions showed two peaks, which correspond to meso and rac forms of the ligand. The separation of metal-HBED chelates was performed using poly(diallyldimethylammonium) polycations in mixed acetate-hydroxide form. Simultaneous separation of nine single- and nine double-charged HBED chelates, including In(III), Ga(III), Co(II)-(III) and Mn(II)-(III) pairs demonstrated the efficiency of 40,000-400,000 theoretical plates. The separation of Co(III), Fe(III) complexes with different arrangements of donor groups and oxidation of Co(II), Mn(H), Fe(II) ions in reaction with HBED have been discussed.

  6. 7 CFR 993.400 - Modifications.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Modifications. 993.400 Section 993.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

  7. The algicidal activity of Aeromonas sp. strain GLY-2107 against bloom-forming Microcystis aeruginosa is regulated by N-acyl homoserine lactone-mediated quorum sensing.

    PubMed

    Guo, Xingliang; Liu, Xianglong; Wu, Lishuang; Pan, Jianliang; Yang, Hong

    2016-11-01

    Cyanobacterial blooms have disrupted the efficient utilization of freshwater worldwide. A new freshwater bacterial strain with strong algicidal activity, GLY-2107, was isolated from Lake Taihu and identified as Aeromonas sp. It produced two algicidal compounds: 2107-A (3-benzyl-piperazine-2,5-dione) and 2107-B (3-methylindole). Both compounds exhibited potent algicidal activities against Microcystis aeruginosa, the dominant bloom-forming cyanobacterium in Lake Taihu. The EC 50 values (concentration for 50% maximal effect) of 3-benzyl-piperazine-2,5-dione and 3-methylindole were 4.72 and 1.10 μg ml -1 respectively. Based on a thin-layer chromatography biosensor assay and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-coupled high resolution-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS/MS), the N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) profile of strain GLY-2107 was identified as two short side-chain AHLs: N-butyryl-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) and N-hexanoyl-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL). The production of the two algicidal compounds was controlled by AHL-mediated quorum sensing (QS), and C4-HSL was the key QS signal for the algicidal activity of the strain GLY-2107. Moreover, 3-methylindole was found to be positively regulated by C4-HSL-mediated QS, whereas 3-benzyl-piperazine-2,5-dione might be negatively controlled by C4-HSL-mediated QS. This study suggests that a QS-regulated algicidal system may have potential use for the development of a novel control strategy for harmful cyanobacterial blooms. © 2016 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  8. Fall prevention with supplemental and active forms of vitamin D: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

    PubMed

    Bischoff-Ferrari, H A; Dawson-Hughes, B; Staehelin, H B; Orav, J E; Stuck, A E; Theiler, R; Wong, J B; Egli, A; Kiel, D P; Henschkowski, J

    2009-10-01

    To test the efficacy of supplemental vitamin D and active forms of vitamin D with or without calcium in preventing falls among older individuals. We searched Medline, the Cochrane central register of controlled trials, BIOSIS, and Embase up to August 2008 for relevant articles. Further studies were identified by consulting clinical experts, bibliographies, and abstracts. We contacted authors for additional data when necessary. Review methods Only double blind randomised controlled trials of older individuals (mean age 65 years or older) receiving a defined oral dose of supplemental vitamin D (vitamin D(3) (cholecalciferol) or vitamin D(2) (ergocalciferol)) or an active form of vitamin D (1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (1alpha-hydroxycalciferol) or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol)) and with sufficiently specified fall assessment were considered for inclusion. Eight randomised controlled trials (n=2426) of supplemental vitamin D met our inclusion criteria. Heterogeneity among trials was observed for dose of vitamin D (700-1000 IU/day v 200-600 IU/day; P=0.02) and achieved 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) concentration (25(OH)D concentration: <60 nmol/l v >or=60 nmol/l; P=0.005). High dose supplemental vitamin D reduced fall risk by 19% (pooled relative risk (RR) 0.81, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.92; n=1921 from seven trials), whereas achieved serum 25(OH)D concentrations of 60 nmol/l or more resulted in a 23% fall reduction (pooled RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.90). Falls were not notably reduced by low dose supplemental vitamin D (pooled RR 1.10, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.35; n=505 from two trials) or by achieved serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations of less than 60 nmol/l (pooled RR 1.35, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.84). Two randomised controlled trials (n=624) of active forms of vitamin D met our inclusion criteria. Active forms of vitamin D reduced fall risk by 22% (pooled RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.94). Supplemental vitamin D in a dose of 700-1000 IU a day reduced the risk of

  9. 45 CFR 400.311 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions. 400.311 Section 400.311 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Targeted Assistance...

  10. 7 CFR 3052.400 - Responsibilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Responsibilities. 3052.400 Section 3052.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AUDITS OF STATES, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, AND NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Federal Agencies...

  11. 40 CFR 81.400 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 18 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Scope. 81.400 Section 81.400 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) DESIGNATION OF... Service (NPS), and Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS); and the Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest...

  12. 40 CFR 81.400 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 18 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Scope. 81.400 Section 81.400 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) DESIGNATION OF... Service (NPS), and Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS); and the Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest...

  13. 40 CFR 81.400 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 18 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Scope. 81.400 Section 81.400 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) DESIGNATION OF... Service (NPS), and Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS); and the Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest...

  14. 40 CFR 81.400 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 17 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Scope. 81.400 Section 81.400 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) DESIGNATION OF... Service (NPS), and Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS); and the Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest...

  15. 45 CFR 1168.400 - Penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Penalties. 1168.400 Section 1168.400 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE HUMANITIES NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES NEW RESTRICTIONS ON LOBBYING Penalties and Enforcement...

  16. 21 CFR 556.400 - Methylprednisolone.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Methylprednisolone. 556.400 Section 556.400 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) ANIMAL... negligible residues of methylprednisolone in milk at 10 parts per billion. ...

  17. 45 CFR 400.141 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Definitions. 400.141 Section 400.141 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Refugee Social...

  18. 45 CFR 400.141 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2014-10-01 2012-10-01 true Definitions. 400.141 Section 400.141 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Refugee Social Services...

  19. 45 CFR 400.141 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2013-10-01 2012-10-01 true Definitions. 400.141 Section 400.141 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Refugee Social Services...

  20. 45 CFR 400.141 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions. 400.141 Section 400.141 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Refugee Social...

  1. 45 CFR 400.141 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Definitions. 400.141 Section 400.141 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Refugee Social...

  2. 38 CFR 41.400 - Responsibilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ...) For biennial audits permitted under § 41.220, consider auditee requests to qualify as a low-risk... Section 41.400 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS (CONTINUED) AUDITS... § 41.400 Responsibilities. (a) Cognizant agency for audit responsibilities. Recipients expending more...

  3. Stereotype activation is unintentional: Behavioural and event-related potenials evidence.

    PubMed

    Wang, Pei; Yang, Ya-Ping; Tan, Chen-Hao; Zhao, Xiang-Xia; Liu, Yong-He; Lin, Chong-De

    2016-04-01

    In this study, a priming Stroop paradigm was used to determine whether stereotype activation is unintentional. Priming conditions (priming/no-priming) and the relationship between priming and target (consistent/inconsistent/no-relation) were the independent variables; accuracy, reaction time and N400 amplitude were used as dependent variables. The reaction time revealed that stereotype activation is, to some extent, unintentional. Furthermore, the event-related potenial (ERP) results showed that N400 amplitude was larger for inconsistent conditions than for consistent conditions. This result supported the notion that stereotype activation is an unintentional and automatic process. © 2015 International Union of Psychological Science.

  4. Activity of select dehydrogenases with sepharose-immobilized N(6)-carboxymethyl-NAD.

    PubMed

    Beauchamp, Justin; Vieille, Claire

    2015-01-01

    N(6)-carboxymethyl-NAD (N(6)-CM-NAD) can be used to immobilize NAD onto a substrate containing terminal primary amines. We previously immobilized N(6)-CM-NAD onto sepharose beads and showed that Thermotoga maritima glycerol dehydrogenase could use the immobilized cofactor with cofactor recycling. We now show that Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol dehydrogenase, rabbit muscle L-lactate dehydrogenase (type XI), bovine liver L-glutamic dehydrogenase (type III), Leuconostoc mesenteroides glucose-6-phosphate dehydro-genase, and Thermotoga maritima mannitol dehydrogenase are active with soluble N(6)-CM-NAD. The products of all enzymes but 6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactone were formed when sepharose-immobilized N(6)-CM-NAD was recycled by T. maritima glycerol dehydrogenase, indicating that N(6)-immobilized NAD is suitable for use by a variety of different dehydrogenases. Observations of the enzyme active sites suggest that steric hindrance plays a greater role in limiting or allowing activity with the modified cofactor than do polarity and charge of the residues surrounding the N(6)-amine group on NAD.

  5. 45 CFR 400.6 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 400.6 Section 400.6 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Grants to States for Refugee...

  6. 45 CFR 400.10 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 400.10 Section 400.10 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM Grants to States for Refugee...

  7. 31 CFR 1026.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false General. 1026.400 Section 1026.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR FUTURES COMMISSION MERCHANTS AND INTRODUCING BROKERS...

  8. 31 CFR 1026.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false General. 1026.400 Section 1026.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR FUTURES COMMISSION MERCHANTS AND INTRODUCING BROKERS...

  9. 31 CFR 1026.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false General. 1026.400 Section 1026.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR FUTURES COMMISSION MERCHANTS AND INTRODUCING BROKERS...

  10. 31 CFR 1026.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false General. 1026.400 Section 1026.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR FUTURES COMMISSION MERCHANTS AND INTRODUCING BROKERS...

  11. 31 CFR 1022.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false General. 1022.400 Section 1022.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR MONEY SERVICES BUSINESSES Records Required To Be...

  12. 31 CFR 1022.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false General. 1022.400 Section 1022.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR MONEY SERVICES BUSINESSES Records Required To Be...

  13. 31 CFR 1022.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false General. 1022.400 Section 1022.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR MONEY SERVICES BUSINESSES Records Required To Be...

  14. 31 CFR 1022.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false General. 1022.400 Section 1022.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR MONEY SERVICES BUSINESSES Records Required To Be...

  15. 7 CFR 735.400 - Administration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Administration. 735.400 Section 735.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FARM SERVICE AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... Administration. This subpart sets forth the regulations under which DACO may authorize one or more electronic...

  16. 24 CFR 570.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2011-04-01 2010-04-01 true General. 570.400 Section 570.400 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development (Continued) OFFICE OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR COMMUNITY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT, DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT...

  17. 7 CFR 735.400 - Administration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Administration. 735.400 Section 735.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FARM SERVICE AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... Administration. This subpart sets forth the regulations under which DACO may authorize one or more electronic...

  18. 7 CFR 735.400 - Administration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Administration. 735.400 Section 735.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FARM SERVICE AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... Administration. This subpart sets forth the regulations under which DACO may authorize one or more electronic...

  19. 46 CFR 308.400 - Authority.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 8 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Authority. 308.400 Section 308.400 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk Builder's Risk... issuance of war risk insurance on American vessels under construction in shipyards in the United States. ...

  20. 7 CFR 735.400 - Administration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Administration. 735.400 Section 735.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FARM SERVICE AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... Administration. This subpart sets forth the regulations under which DACO may authorize one or more electronic...

  1. 24 CFR 570.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false General. 570.400 Section 570.400 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development (Continued) OFFICE OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR COMMUNITY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT, DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT...

  2. 33 CFR 96.400 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Purpose. 96.400 Section 96.400 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY VESSEL OPERATING REGULATIONS RULES FOR THE SAFE OPERATION OF VESSELS AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS Authorization of Recognized...

  3. 14 CFR 1214.400 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Scope. 1214.400 Section 1214.400 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION SPACE FLIGHT International Space Station... Space Station crewmembers provided by NASA for flight to the International Space Station. (b) In order...

  4. Method of forming thermally stable high-resistivity regions in n-type indium phosphide by oxygen implantation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Thompson, P.E.; Dietrich, H.B.

    1985-12-12

    Objects of this invention are: to form high-temperature stable isolation regions in InP; to provide InP wafers that allow greater flexibility in the design and fabrication of discrete devices; to provide new and improved InP semiconductor devices in n-type InP; to provide high-resisitivity isolation regions in InP; to extend the usefulness of damage-induced isolation in n-type InP by making possible processes in which the isolation implantation precedes the alloying of ohmic contacts; and to provide n-type InP substrates without unwanted conductive layers. The above and other object are realized by an InP wafer comprising a S.I. InP substrate; a n-typemore » InP active layer disposed on the substrate; and oxygen ion implanted isolation regions disposed in the active layer. The S.I. InP dopant may comprise either Fe or Cr.« less

  5. Synthesis of a Carbon-activated Microfiber from Spider Webs Silk

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Taer, E.; Mustika, W. S.; Taslim, R.

    2017-03-01

    Carbon fiber of spider web silk has been produced through the simple carbonization process. Cobwebs are a source of strong natural fiber, flexible and micrometer in size. Preparation of micro carbon fiber from spider webs that consist of carbonization and activation processes. Carbonization was performed in N2 gas environment by multi step heating profile up to temperature of 400 °C, while the activation process was done by using chemical activation with KOH activating agent assistance. Measurement of physical properties was conducted on the surface morphology, element content and the degree of crystallinity. The measurement results found that micro carbon fiber from spider webs has a diameter in the range of 0.5 -25 micrometers. It is found that the carbon-activated microfiber takes the amorphous form with the carbon content of 84 %.

  6. A PEG/copper(i) halide cluster as an eco-friendly catalytic system for C-N bond formation.

    PubMed

    Li, Cheng-An; Ji, Wei; Qu, Jian; Jing, Su; Gao, Fei; Zhu, Dun-Ru

    2018-05-22

    The catalytic activities of eight copper(i) halide clusters assembled from copper(i) halide and ferrocenyltelluroethers, 1-8, were investigated in C-N formation under various conditions. A catalytic procedure using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-400) as a greener alternative organic solvent has been developed. The PEG-400/5 system can achieve 99% targeted yield with a mild reaction temperature and short reaction time. After the isolation of the products by extraction with diethyl ether, this PEG-400/cluster system could be easily recycled. Spectroscopic studies elucidate a stepwise mechanism: firstly, proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) involving the transfer of an electron from Cu+ and a proton from imidazole results in the formation of a labile penta-coordinated Cu2+ and aryl radical; the following effective electron transfer from the ferrocene unit reduces Cu2+ and forms the target product; finally, the ferrocenium unit is reduced by the I- anion. The merits of this eco-friendly synthesis are the efficient utilization of reagents and easy recyclability.

  7. Monkey liver cytochrome P450 2C9 is involved in caffeine 7-N-demethylation to form theophylline.

    PubMed

    Utoh, Masahiro; Murayama, Norie; Uno, Yasuhiro; Onose, Yui; Hosaka, Shinya; Fujino, Hideki; Shimizu, Makiko; Iwasaki, Kazuhide; Yamazaki, Hiroshi

    2013-12-01

    Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a phenotyping substrate for human cytochrome P450 1A2. 3-N-Demethylation of caffeine is the main human metabolic pathway, whereas monkeys extensively mediate the 7-N-demethylation of caffeine to form pharmacological active theophylline. Roles of monkey P450 enzymes in theophylline formation from caffeine were investigated using individual monkey liver microsomes and 14 recombinantly expressed monkey P450 enzymes, and the results were compared with those for human P450 enzymes. Caffeine 7-N-demethylation activity in microsomes from 20 monkey livers was not strongly inhibited by α-naphthoflavone, quinidine or ketoconazole, and was roughly correlated with diclofenac 4'-hydroxylation activities. Monkey P450 2C9 had the highest activity for caffeine 7-N-demethylation. Kinetic analysis revealed that monkey P450 2C9 had a high Vmax/Km value for caffeine 7-N-demethylation, comparable to low Km value for monkey liver microsomes. Caffeine could dock favorably with monkey P450 2C9 modeled for 7-N-demethylation and with human P450 1A2 for 3-N-demethylation. The primary metabolite theophylline was oxidized to 8-hydroxytheophylline in similar ways by liver microsomes and by recombinant P450s in both humans and monkeys. These results collectively suggest a high activity for monkey liver P450 2C9 toward caffeine 7-N-demethylation, whereas, in humans, P450 1A2-mediated caffeine 3-N-demethylation is dominant.

  8. The development and characterization of an ELISA specifically detecting the active form of cathepsin K.

    PubMed

    Sun, S; Karsdal, M A; Bay-Jensen, A C; Sørensen, M G; Zheng, Q; Dziegiel, M H; Maksymowych, W P; Henriksen, K

    2013-10-01

    Cathepsin K plays essential roles in bone resorption and is intensely investigated as a therapeutic target for the treatment of osteoporosis. Hence an assessment of the active form of cathepsin K may provide important biological information in metabolic bone diseases, such as osteoporosis or ankylosing spondylitis. Presently there are no robust assays for the assessment of active cathepsin K in serum, and therefore an ELISA specifically detecting the N-terminal of the active form of cathepsin K was developed. The assay was technically robust, with a lowest limit of detection (LOD) of 0.085 ng/mL. The average intra- and inter-assay CV% were 6.60% and 8.56% respectively. The dilution recovery and spike recovery tests in human serum were within 100±20% within the range of the assay. A comparison of latent and active cathepsin K confirmed specificity towards the active form. Quantification of the levels of active cathepsin K in supernatants of purified human osteoclasts compared to corresponding macrophages showed a 30-fold induction (p<0.001). In contrast, in serum samples from osteoporotic women on estrogen or bisphosphonate therapy and from ankylosing spondylitis patients no clinically relevant differences were observed. In summary, we have developed a robust and sensitive assay specifically detecting the active form of cathepsin K; however, while it monitors osteoclasts with high specificity in vitro, it appears that circulating levels of active cathepsin K do not reflect bone changes under these circumstances. Copyright © 2013 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  9. 45 CFR 400.23 - Hearings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2014-10-01 2012-10-01 true Hearings. 400.23 Section 400.23 Public Welfare....23 Hearings. (a) A State must provide applicants for, and recipients of, assistance and services under the Act with an opportunity for a hearing to contest adverse determinations using hearing...

  10. 31 CFR 1029.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false General. 1029.400 Section 1029.400 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR LOAN OR FINANCE COMPANIES Records Required To Be...

  11. 45 CFR 1168.400 - Penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Penalties. 1168.400 Section 1168.400 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE..., any prior violations by such person, the degree of culpability of such person, the ability of the...

  12. 15 CFR 400.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Definitions. 400.2 Section 400.2 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) FOREIGN-TRADE ZONES BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE REGULATIONS OF THE FOREIGN-TRADE ZONES BOARD Scope and Definitions...

  13. 14 CFR 1212.400 - Appeals.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2011-01-01 2010-01-01 true Appeals. 1212.400 Section 1212.400 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION PRIVACY ACT-NASA REGULATIONS Appeals and... request. (b) An appeal shall: (1) Be in writing and addressed to the Assistant Deputy Administrator, NASA...

  14. Reliability of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in Research Settings: Last 7-Day Self-Administered Long Form

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Levy, Susan S.; Readdy, R. Tucker

    2009-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability of the last 7-day long form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (Craig et al., 2003) and to examine the construct validity for the measure in a research setting. Participants were 151 male (n = 52) and female (n = 99) university students (M age = 24.15 years, SD = 5.01)…

  15. Aberrant N400 responses to phonological overlap during rhyme judgements in children at risk for dyslexia.

    PubMed

    Noordenbos, Mark W; Segers, Eliane; Wagensveld, Barbara; Verhoeven, Ludo

    2013-11-06

    It is widely accepted that dyslexia is associated with difficulties in phonological awareness and that rhyme awareness in young children can predict later reading success. However, little is known regarding the underlying phonological mechanisms of rhyme awareness in dyslexia, as rhyme awareness is typically assessed using explicit behavioural measures that represent only the endpoint of processing and often lack phonological distracters. We examined event-related potentials (ERPs) in response to auditory word pairs that differed in phonological overlap during a rhyme judgement task given to 6-year-old beginning readers who were at risk for dyslexia (n=30) and typical-reading age-matched controls (n=29). ERPs were recorded in response to word pairs with various types of phonological overlap, including rhyming (e.g., wall-ball), non-rhyming overlapping (e.g., bell-ball) and non-rhyming unrelated (e.g., sock-ball) word pairs. Both groups of participants exhibited N400 responses for basic rhyme judgements vs. unrelated targets. In the typical-reading controls, the neural responses also differed between the rhyming targets and the non-rhyming overlapping targets, whereas neural responses to these targets were similar in the group of children at risk for dyslexia, indicating difficulties in their ability to process similar-sounding, non-rhyming targets. These findings suggest that typical-reading children solve the rhyme judgement task using a more analytical approach, whereas children who are at risk for dyslexia base their judgments on a comparison of overall sound similarity. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  16. 13 CFR 130.400 - Application procedure. [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Application procedure. [Reserved] 130.400 Section 130.400 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT CENTERS § 130.400 Application procedure. [Reserved] ...

  17. 13 CFR 130.400 - Application procedure. [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Application procedure. [Reserved] 130.400 Section 130.400 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT CENTERS § 130.400 Application procedure. [Reserved] ...

  18. 45 CFR 604.400 - Penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Penalties. 604.400 Section 604.400 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION NEW RESTRICTIONS ON LOBBYING... of any such penalty, by reason of a violation by any person, the agency shall consider the nature...

  19. Concordance and discordance between two measures of lower extremity function: 400 meter self-paced walk and SPPB.

    PubMed

    Sayers, Stephen P; Guralnik, Jack M; Newman, Anne B; Brach, Jennifer S; Fielding, Roger A

    2006-04-01

    The purpose of the study was to assess the concurrent validity of the 400 meter self-paced walk test (400-m W) against the commonly used short physical performance battery (SPPB). A secondary purpose was to determine whether the 400-m W could better discriminate physical performance among high functioning older adults by examining the distribution of 400-m W scores. 101 men and women (80.8+/-0.4 years) were recruited to participate in the study. The 400-mW and SPPB assessed lower extremity function. Lower extremity muscle strength, power, and contraction velocity was assessed using bilateral leg press (LP). Health history was obtained with questionnaire. 400-m W demonstrated moderate correlations with SPPB (Pearson r=0.74; p< 0.001). In 36 high functioning individuals (SPPB score= 10, 11, 12), participants above the median 400-m W performance time (n=20) had more medical conditions (2.8+/-0.4 vs 1.7+/-0.3; p=0.038), more reported falls (0.80+/-0.2 vs 0.19+/-0.1; p=0.016), more medications (3.7+/-0.4 vs 1.8+/-0.4; p=0.001), had lower LP power at 70% of the one repetition maximum (1RM) (336+/-45 W vs 663+/-78 W; p=0.001) and 40% 1RM (329+/-43 W vs 580+/-75 W; p=0.005), and had slower LP contraction velocity at 40% 1RM (77+/-5.5 m/s vs 112+/-8.4 m/s; p=0.001) compared with those below the median (n=16). A substantial number of apparently well functioning older adults demonstrated some limitations in the ability to walk 400 meters. Use of the 400-m W may be justified to obtain information to better discriminate among high functioning elderly.

  20. Form-Focused Discovery Activities in English Classes

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ogeyik, Muhlise Cosgun

    2011-01-01

    Form-focused discovery activities allow language learners to grasp various aspects of a target language by contributing implicit knowledge by using discovered explicit knowledge. Moreover, such activities can assist learners to perceive and discover the features of their language input. In foreign language teaching environments, they can be used…

  1. 40 CFR 35.400 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Agreements and Wetlands Development Grants) of the Clean Water Act. (See §§ 35.160, 35.410, 35.360, and 35... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Purpose. 35.400 Section 35.400 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE STATE AND LOCAL...

  2. 40 CFR 35.400 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Agreements and Wetlands Development Grants) of the Clean Water Act. (See §§ 35.160, 35.410, 35.360, and 35... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Purpose. 35.400 Section 35.400 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE STATE AND LOCAL...

  3. 40 CFR 35.400 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Agreements and Wetlands Development Grants) of the Clean Water Act. (See §§ 35.160, 35.410, 35.360, and 35... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Purpose. 35.400 Section 35.400 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE STATE AND LOCAL...

  4. 40 CFR 35.400 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Agreements and Wetlands Development Grants) of the Clean Water Act. (See §§ 35.160, 35.410, 35.360, and 35... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Purpose. 35.400 Section 35.400 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE STATE AND LOCAL...

  5. 46 CFR 308.400 - Authority.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 8 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Authority. 308.400 Section 308.400 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk Builder's Risk... section 1202(a) of the Act authorized, (46 App. U.S.C. 1982(a)) has authorized the issuance of war risk...

  6. 46 CFR 308.400 - Authority.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 8 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Authority. 308.400 Section 308.400 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk Builder's Risk... section 1202(a) of the Act authorized, (46 App. U.S.C. 1982(a)) has authorized the issuance of war risk...

  7. 46 CFR 308.400 - Authority.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Authority. 308.400 Section 308.400 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk Builder's Risk... section 1202(a) of the Act authorized, (46 App. U.S.C. 1982(a)) has authorized the issuance of war risk...

  8. 46 CFR 308.400 - Authority.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 8 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Authority. 308.400 Section 308.400 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk Builder's Risk... section 1202(a) of the Act authorized, (46 App. U.S.C. 1982(a)) has authorized the issuance of war risk...

  9. 7 CFR 400.56 - Administrative appeal exhaustion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Administrative appeal exhaustion. 400.56 Section 400.56 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS Actual Production History § 400.56...

  10. 7 CFR 400.56 - Administrative appeal exhaustion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Administrative appeal exhaustion. 400.56 Section 400.56 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS Actual Production History § 400.56...

  11. 7 CFR 400.56 - Administrative appeal exhaustion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Administrative appeal exhaustion. 400.56 Section 400.56 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS Actual Production History § 400.56...

  12. 7 CFR 400.56 - Administrative appeal exhaustion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Administrative appeal exhaustion. 400.56 Section 400.56 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS Actual Production History § 400.56...

  13. 7 CFR 400.56 - Administrative appeal exhaustion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Administrative appeal exhaustion. 400.56 Section 400.56 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS Actual Production History § 400.56...

  14. 76 FR 31013 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 1041-N

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-27

    ... 1041-N AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice and request for comments...-N U.S. Income Tax Return for Electing Alaska Native Settlement Trusts. DATES: Written comments... Alaska Native Settlement Trusts. OMB Number: 1545-1776. Form Number: 1041-N. Abstract: An Alaska Native...

  15. 13 CFR 400.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Purpose. 400.1 Section 400.1 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM..., Chapter 1 of Public Law 106-51, 113 Stat. 252, as amended by section 734 of Public Law 106-102, 113 Stat...

  16. 7 CFR 3565.400 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false OMB control number. 3565.400 Section 3565.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GUARANTEED RURAL RENTAL HOUSING PROGRAM Project Management § 3565.400 OMB control number...

  17. 14 CFR 1251.400 - Procedures for compliance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedures for compliance. 1251.400 Section 1251.400 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION NONDISCRIMINATION ON BASIS OF HANDICAP Procedures § 1251.400 Procedures for compliance. The procedural provisions applicable to...

  18. 14 CFR 1251.400 - Procedures for compliance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Procedures for compliance. 1251.400 Section 1251.400 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION NONDISCRIMINATION ON BASIS OF HANDICAP Procedures § 1251.400 Procedures for compliance. The procedural provisions applicable to...

  19. 14 CFR 1251.400 - Procedures for compliance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2011-01-01 2010-01-01 true Procedures for compliance. 1251.400 Section 1251.400 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION NONDISCRIMINATION ON BASIS OF HANDICAP Procedures § 1251.400 Procedures for compliance. The procedural provisions applicable to...

  20. 14 CFR 1251.400 - Procedures for compliance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Procedures for compliance. 1251.400 Section 1251.400 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION NONDISCRIMINATION ON BASIS OF HANDICAP Procedures § 1251.400 Procedures for compliance. The procedural provisions applicable to...

  1. 7 CFR 3565.400 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false OMB control number. 3565.400 Section 3565.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GUARANTEED RURAL RENTAL HOUSING PROGRAM Project Management § 3565.400 OMB control number...

  2. 7 CFR 3565.400 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false OMB control number. 3565.400 Section 3565.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GUARANTEED RURAL RENTAL HOUSING PROGRAM Project Management § 3565.400 OMB control number...

  3. 7 CFR 3565.400 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 3565.400 Section 3565.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GUARANTEED RURAL RENTAL HOUSING PROGRAM Project Management § 3565.400 OMB control number...

  4. 7 CFR 3565.400 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false OMB control number. 3565.400 Section 3565.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GUARANTEED RURAL RENTAL HOUSING PROGRAM Project Management § 3565.400 OMB control number...

  5. 45 CFR 400.150 - General eligibility requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2014-10-01 2012-10-01 true General eligibility requirements. 400.150 Section 400.150 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT... Refugee Social Services Conditions of Eligibility for Refugee Social Services § 400.150 General...

  6. 45 CFR 400.150 - General eligibility requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false General eligibility requirements. 400.150 Section 400.150 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT... Refugee Social Services Conditions of Eligibility for Refugee Social Services § 400.150 General...

  7. 45 CFR 400.150 - General eligibility requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false General eligibility requirements. 400.150 Section 400.150 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT... Refugee Social Services Conditions of Eligibility for Refugee Social Services § 400.150 General...

  8. 45 CFR 400.150 - General eligibility requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2013-10-01 2012-10-01 true General eligibility requirements. 400.150 Section 400.150 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT... Refugee Social Services Conditions of Eligibility for Refugee Social Services § 400.150 General...

  9. 45 CFR 400.150 - General eligibility requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false General eligibility requirements. 400.150 Section 400.150 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT... Refugee Social Services Conditions of Eligibility for Refugee Social Services § 400.150 General...

  10. 47 CFR 400.3 - Who may apply.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Who may apply. 400.3 Section 400.3 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.3 Who may...

  11. 47 CFR 400.3 - Who may apply.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Who may apply. 400.3 Section 400.3 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.3 Who may...

  12. 47 CFR 400.5 - Approval and award.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Approval and award. 400.5 Section 400.5 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.5 Approval...

  13. 47 CFR 400.5 - Approval and award.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Approval and award. 400.5 Section 400.5 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.5 Approval...

  14. 47 CFR 400.5 - Approval and award.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Approval and award. 400.5 Section 400.5 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.5 Approval...

  15. 47 CFR 400.5 - Approval and award.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Approval and award. 400.5 Section 400.5 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.5 Approval...

  16. 47 CFR 400.5 - Approval and award.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Approval and award. 400.5 Section 400.5 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.5 Approval...

  17. 47 CFR 400.3 - Who may apply.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Who may apply. 400.3 Section 400.3 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.3 Who may...

  18. 47 CFR 400.3 - Who may apply.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Who may apply. 400.3 Section 400.3 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.3 Who may...

  19. 47 CFR 400.3 - Who may apply.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Who may apply. 400.3 Section 400.3 Telecommunication NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION E-911 GRANT PROGRAM § 400.3 Who may...

  20. 7 CFR 400.117 - Determination of delinquency.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Determination of delinquency. 400.117 Section 400.117 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE CORPORATION... Succeeding Crop Years § 400.117 Determination of delinquency. Prior to disclosing information about a debt to...

Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site.