School District Mergers: What One District Learned
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kingston, Kathleen
2009-01-01
Throughout the planning process for a school district merger in a northwestern Pennsylvania school district, effective communication proved to be a challenge. Formed in 1932, this school district of approximately 1400 students was part of a utopian community; one established by a transportation system's corporation that was a major industrial…
From Districts to Schools: The Distribution of Resources across Schools in Big City School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rubenstein, Ross; Schwartz, Amy Ellen; Stiefel, Leanna; Amor, Hella Bel Hadj
2007-01-01
While the distribution of resources across school districts is well studied, relatively little attention has been paid to how resources are allocated to individual schools inside those districts. This paper explores the determinants of resource allocation across schools in large districts based on factors that reflect differential school costs or…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Scott, George A.
2011-01-01
Almost 40 percent of all public school students in the District of Columbia (D.C. or District) were enrolled in charter schools in the 2010-11 school year. The D.C. School Reform Act established the Public Charter School Board (PCSB) for the purpose of authorizing and overseeing charter schools. Congress required GAO (US Government Accountability…
Merlo, Caitlin L; Michael, Shannon; Brener, Nancy D; Blanck, Heidi
2018-06-07
State agencies play a critical role in providing school districts with guidance and technical assistance on school nutrition issues, including food and beverage marketing practices. We examined associations between state-level guidance and the policies and practices in school districts regarding food and beverage marketing and promotion. State policy guidance was positively associated with districts prohibiting advertisements for junk food or fast food restaurants on school property. Technical assistance from states was negatively associated with 2 district practices to restrict marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages, but positively associated with 1 practice to promote healthy options. These findings may help inform the guidance that states provide to school districts and help identify which districts may need additional assistance to address marketing and promotion practices.
Strength and Comprehensiveness of School Wellness Policies in Southeastern US School Districts.
Cox, Melissa J; Ennett, Susan T; Ringwalt, Christopher L; Hanley, Sean M; Bowling, James M
2016-09-01
In 2004, Congress passed legislation mandating that all public school districts participating in federal school meal programs develop a school wellness policy (SWP) to direct efforts related to nutrition and physical activity. We examined the extent to which SWPs varied in comprehensiveness and strength in a representative sample of school districts in the southeastern United States, the area of the country with the highest rates of childhood obesity. Policies were assessed using an established 96-item coding tool by 2 raters to ascertain the comprehensiveness and strength of the policies as a whole, and across distinct subsections specified by federal legislation. In addition, variability in SWP comprehensiveness and strength was assessed based on district sociodemographic characteristics. Overall, SWPs in the southeastern states are weakly written, fragmented, and lack requirements necessary for healthy school environments. District size, which was the only sociodemographic factor related to policy characteristics, yielded an inverse association. To encourage continued promotion of healthy school environments, school districts will require technical support to improve the quality of their school wellness policies. © 2016, American School Health Association.
The Role of the School Business Official in Maintaining School District Financial Solvency
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Williams, Ann C.
2012-01-01
The purpose of this study was to identify the job responsibilities perceived as most important in maintaining school district financial solvency. Additionally, the study sought to identify specific financial management strategies school business officials (SBO) could consider to maintain financial solvency in their school districts. A total of 208…
Inventory Control of Fixed Assets by School District Personnel.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Jensen, Paul E.
By July 1, 1966, each school district in New York State was required to install a system of property accounting. This pamphlet provides a suggested method of property accounting to assist school districts in meeting this requirement. In addition, suggestions are made to help the districts record the information needed for fire insurance purposes.…
Chriqui, Jamie F; Eyler, Amy; Carnoske, Cheryl; Slater, Sandy
2013-01-01
To examine the influence of state laws and district policies on district-wide elementary school and middle school practices related to physical education (PE) time and the percentage of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time during PE. Multivariate, cross-sectional analysis of state laws, district wellness and PE policies, and district PE practices for school year 2010-2011 controlling for district-level urbanicity, region, size, race/ethnicity of students, and socioeconomic status and clustered on state. One hundred ninety-five public school districts located in 42 states. District-level PE coordinators for the included districts who responded to an online survey. Minutes and days of PE per week and percent time spent in MVPA during PE time. District PE coordinators reported significantly less PE time than national standards-82.9 and 189.6 minutes at the elementary school and middle school levels, respectively. Physical education was provided an average of 2.5 and 3.7 days per week, respectively; and the percentage of MVPA time in PE was 64.4% and 65.7%, respectively. At the elementary school level, districts in either states with laws governing PE time or in a state and district with a law/policy reported significantly more days of PE (0.63 and 0.67 additional days, respectively), and districts in states with PE time laws reported 18 more minutes of PE per week. At the middle school level, state laws were associated with 0.73 more days of PE per week. Neither state laws nor district policies were positively associated with percent MVPA time in PE. State laws and district policies can influence district-level PE practices-particularly those governing the frequency and duration of PE-although opportunities exist to strengthen PE-related laws, policies, and practices.
Institutionalizing Sex Education in Diverse U.S. School Districts.
Saul Butler, Rebekah; Sorace, Danene; Hentz Beach, Kathleen
2018-02-01
This paper describes the Working to Institutionalize Sex Education (WISE) Initiative, a privately funded effort to support ready public school districts to advance and sustain comprehensive sexuality programs, and examines the degree to which WISE has been successful in increasing access to sex education, removing barriers, and highlighting best practices. The data for this study come from a set of performance indicators, guidance documents, and tools designed for the WISE Initiative to capture changes in sex education institutionalization at WISE school districts. The evaluation includes the analysis of 186 school districts across 12 states in the U.S. As a result of the WISE Initiative, 788,865 unique students received new or enhanced sex education in school classrooms and 88 school districts reached their sex education institutionalization goals. In addition to these school district successes, WISE codified the WISE Method and toolkit-a practical guide to help schools implement sex education. Barriers to implementing sexuality education can be overcome with administrative support and focused technical assistance and training, resulting in significant student reach in diverse school districts nationwide. Copyright © 2017 The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
LiCalsi, Christina; Citkowicz, Martyna; Friedman, Lawrence B.; Brown, Megan
2015-01-01
The Massachusetts Office of District and School Turnaround (ODST) assists the Commissioner's Districts (the 10 largest districts in the state) and schools within those districts. The assistance focuses on turning around the lowest performing schools in the district while building district capacity to support improvement in other district schools.…
Income Segregation between Schools and School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Owens, Ann; Reardon, Sean F.; Jencks, Christopher
2016-01-01
Although trends in the racial segregation of schools are well documented, less is known about trends in income segregation. We use multiple data sources to document trends in income segregation between schools and school districts. Between-district income segregation of families with children enrolled in public school increased by over 15% from…
School District Energy Manual.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Association of School Business Officials International, Reston, VA.
This manual serves as an energy conservation reference and management guide for school districts. The School District Energy Program (SDEP) is designed to provide information and/or assistance to school administrators planning to implement a comprehensive energy management program. The manual consists of 15 parts. Part 1 describes the SDEP; Parts…
Opening the Schoolhouse Door: Helping Charter Schools Access Space in District-Owned Facilities
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gill, Sean; Maas, Tricia
2017-01-01
This paper is part of a series on district-charter cooperation, which has been studied by the Center on Reinventing Public Education (CRPE) for more than five years. School choice is growing in cities with the addition of charter schools, and more district leaders are adopting a portfolio approach to schooling: giving district schools autonomy…
Healthy Schools Initiative: Implementation Study in Four San Mateo County School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Westrich, Lisa; Sanchez, Monika; Strobel, Karen; Duong, Nina
2012-01-01
The Sequoia Healthcare District (SHD), in collaboration with four local school districts--Belmont-Redwood Shores School District (BRSSD), Redwood City School District (RCSD), San Carlos School District (SCSD), and Sequoia Union High School District (SUHSD)--launched the Healthy Schools Initiative (HSI) in August 2010. This three-year initiative is…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dombrowski, Richard J.
In 1983, Channahon School District 17 in Illinois was $1.3 million in debt. Real estate taxes constituted the school district's chief source of revenue, but because the state's oil industry kept its assessed valuations below the actual value of its property through the use of experts and lawyers, the school district was denied much of its income.…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Moore, Glenn M.
2012-01-01
Purpose and Method of Study. The primary purpose of this quantitative study was to analyze the relationship between school district expenditures and student academic achievement in 102 public elementary school districts in the state of Oklahoma. The secondary purpose was to investigate the relationship between school district expenditures and…
Characteristics of Illinois School Districts That Employ School Nurses.
Searing, Lisabeth M; Guenette, Molly
2016-08-01
Research indicates that school nursing services are cost-effective, but the National Association of School Nurses estimates that 25% of schools do not have a school nurse (SN). The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of Illinois school districts that employed SNs. This was a secondary data analysis of Illinois School Report Card system data as well as data obtained from district websites regarding SNs. Employment of an SN was determined for 95% of the 862 existing districts. Binary logistic regression analysis found that district size was the largest significant predictor of employment of an SN. Other factors included the type of district and diversity of the teaching staff as well as the percentage of students receiving special education services or with limited English proficiency. These findings indicate where to focus advocacy and policy efforts to encourage employment of SNs. © The Author(s) 2015.
Analysis of County School Districts in Arkansas.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Budd, Karol B.; Charlton, J.L.
The 1948, Arkansas School District Reorganization Act was passed in an effort to reduce the 1589 small school districts to a smaller number. Those districts not consolidated would form county districts. As of the 1967-68 school year, 26 of these county districts remained. The purpose of this study was to provide information drawing attention to…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Whitehurst, Grover J.; Chingos, Matthew M.; Gallaher, Michael R.
2013-01-01
School districts occupy center stage in education reform in the U.S. They manage nearly all public funding and are frequently the locus of federal and state reform initiatives, e.g., instituting meaningful teacher evaluation systems. Financial compensation for district leaders is high, with many being paid more than the chief state school officers…
Merlo, Caitlin L; Michael, Shannon; Brener, Nancy D; Coffield, Edward; Kingsley, Beverly S; Zytnick, Deena; Blanck, Heidi
2016-12-15
Foods and beverages marketed in schools are typically of poor nutritional value. School districts may adopt policies and practices to restrict marketing of unhealthful foods and to promote healthful choices. Students' exposure to marketing practices differ by school demographics, but these differences have not yet been examined by district characteristics. We analyzed data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study to examine how food and beverage marketing and promotion policies and practices varied by district characteristics such as metropolitan status, size, and percentage of non-Hispanic white students. Most practices varied significantly by district size: a higher percentage of large districts than small or medium-sized districts restricted marketing of unhealthful foods and promoted healthful options. Compared with districts whose student populations were majority (>50%) non-Hispanic white, a higher percentage of districts whose student populations were minority non-Hispanic white (≤50% non-Hispanic white) prohibited advertising of soft drinks in school buildings and on school grounds, made school meal menus available to students, and provided families with information on school nutrition programs. Compared with suburban and rural districts, a higher percentage of urban districts prohibited the sale of soft drinks on school grounds and used several practices to promote healthful options. Preliminary findings showing significant associations between district demographics and marketing policies and practices can be used to help states direct resources, training, and technical assistance to address food and beverage marketing and promotion to districts most in need of improvement.
School Dropouts in Rural Colorado School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tombari, Martin; Andrews, Alex; Gallinati, Tina
2009-01-01
Dropouts from rural school districts have not received the same scrutiny as given to those from urban ones. The reasons behind this lack of knowledge about the experience of rural school districts with dropouts are unclear. The purpose of the present study was to begin to close this knowledge gap. A first major study of rural dropouts in the…
Michael, Shannon; Brener, Nancy D.; Coffield, Edward; Kingsley, Beverly S.; Zytnick, Deena; Blanck, Heidi
2016-01-01
Introduction Foods and beverages marketed in schools are typically of poor nutritional value. School districts may adopt policies and practices to restrict marketing of unhealthful foods and to promote healthful choices. Students’ exposure to marketing practices differ by school demographics, but these differences have not yet been examined by district characteristics. Methods We analyzed data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study to examine how food and beverage marketing and promotion policies and practices varied by district characteristics such as metropolitan status, size, and percentage of non-Hispanic white students. Results Most practices varied significantly by district size: a higher percentage of large districts than small or medium-sized districts restricted marketing of unhealthful foods and promoted healthful options. Compared with districts whose student populations were majority (>50%) non-Hispanic white, a higher percentage of districts whose student populations were minority non-Hispanic white (≤50% non-Hispanic white) prohibited advertising of soft drinks in school buildings and on school grounds, made school meal menus available to students, and provided families with information on school nutrition programs. Compared with suburban and rural districts, a higher percentage of urban districts prohibited the sale of soft drinks on school grounds and used several practices to promote healthful options. Conclusion Preliminary findings showing significant associations between district demographics and marketing policies and practices can be used to help states direct resources, training, and technical assistance to address food and beverage marketing and promotion to districts most in need of improvement. PMID:27978408
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hughes, Mary F.
This chapter examines the main challenges that rural school districts face in school facilities funding and illustrates these problems with a case study of Arkansas. Most rural school districts serve only a small number of students, which tends to limit the funds available for construction or renovation. In addition, rural districts are likely to…
School District Income Taxes and School Inputs: The Case of Ohio
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nguyen-Hoang, Phuong
2014-01-01
This study is the first to explore the relationship between school district income taxes and school inputs (expenditures and student-teacher ratios) using Ohio as a case study. The study employed reduced-form expenditure functions on a data panel of 609 school districts between 1990 and 2010. Treating for the endogeneity of school district income…
Ohio School & District Results, 2013-2014
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ross, Richard A.
2014-01-01
The 2014 Ohio School Report Card grades schools on more measures, offering Ohioans an even clearer picture of how well their schools and districts are doing. With its new data, this year's report card shows parents where their schools need to improve. It includes grades of A through F for up to nine measures, depending on the school or district.…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
O'Connell, Patricia A.; And Others
This report presents the results of a collaborative study undertaken by five rural, unit school districts in Illinois to provide data to be used in planning for school improvement. Information was gathered from on-site visits by teams of constituents from other districts and through a survey of perceptions of local community persons regarding…
The School District Organization Handbook.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
California State Dept. of Education, Sacramento.
This handbook describes procedures for school-district reorganization in California. Following the introductory chapter, chapter 2 offers a historical overview of school-district reorganization in California. Chapters 3 and 4 outline the organization and responsibilities of the county committee and the role and responsibilities of the State Board…
Building a Construction Curriculum for Your School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ruder, Robert
2010-01-01
Embracing the notion of going green, an affluent school district in Pennsylvania spent $83 million as part of the high school's renovation and expansion project. The three-level addition is now equipped with self-dimming lights, energy-efficient windows, a rooftop solar water heater, and a geothermal cooling and heating system. As a bonus for…
School District Cash Management. Program Audit.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
New York State Legislative Commission on Expenditure Review, Albany.
New York State law permits school districts to invest cash not immediately needed for district operation and also specifies the kinds of investments that may be made in order to ensure the safety and liquidity of public funds. This audit examines cash management and investment practices in New York state's financially independent school districts.…
District wellness policies and school-level practices in Minnesota
Larson, Nicole; Davey, Cynthia; Hoffman, Pamela; Kubik, Martha Y.; Nanney, Marilyn S.
2015-01-01
Objective To compare the strength of district wellness policies with corresponding school-level practices reported by principals and teachers. Design District-level wellness policy data was collected from school district websites and, if not available online, by requests made to district administrators in the fall of 2013. The strength of district policies was scored using the Wellness School Assessment Tool. School-level data were drawn from the 2012 Minnesota School Health Profiles principal and teacher surveys and National Center for Education Statistics Common Core Data. Generalized estimating equations which accounted for school-level demographics and the nesting of up to two schools within some districts were used to examine 10 district policy items and 14 school-level practices of relevance to nutrition standards, nutrition education and wellness promotion, and physical activity promotion. Setting/Subjects Statewide sample of 180 districts and 212 public schools in Minnesota. Results The mean number of energy-dense, nutrient-poor snack foods and beverages available for students to purchase at school was inversely related to the strength of district wellness policies regulating vending machines and school stores (p=0.01). The proportion of schools having a joint use agreement for shared use of physical activity facilities was inversely related to the strength of district policies addressing community use of school facilities (p=0.03). No associations were found between the strength of other district policies and school-level practices. Conclusions Nutrition educators and other health professionals should assist schools in periodically assessing their wellness practices to ensure compliance with district wellness policies and environments supportive of healthy behaviors. PMID:25990324
Internal Auditing for School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cuzzetto, Charles
This book provides guidelines for conducting internal audits of school districts. The first five chapters provide an overview of internal auditing and describe techniques that can be used to improve or implement internal audits in school districts. They offer information on the definition and benefits of internal auditing, the role of internal…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Richards, Meredith P.; Stroub, Kori J.
2014-01-01
Context: Scholars have increasingly raised concerns about the "fragmentation" or proliferation of metropolitan public school districts, citing the potential for fragmentation to facilitate racial/ethnic segregation by permitting individuals to sort more efficiently across district boundaries. In addition, scholars have expressed…
School Emergency Preparedness in North Dakota Public School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Swiontek, Steven Wayne
2009-01-01
The basis for this study was to determine: (1) If school districts in North Dakota have an emergency response plan; (2) How comprehensive their emergency response plan is; (3) How well prepared school districts in North Dakota are for any type of disaster; and (4) The extent to which North Dakota LEAD Center school emergency response training and…
Presumptions against School District Secession
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Murray, Dale
2009-01-01
While political philosophers have paid a great deal of attention to providing a theory of secession for cases of nations breaking away from nation-states, little has been said about perhaps the most common type of secession--school district secession. I argue that while there is no principled prohibition against school district secession, there…
A Cooperative Program Between a City School District and a Suburban School District. Interim Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rochester City School District, NY.
An urban-suburban interdistrict program is described in which efforts were made to correct racial imbalance in both districts. In 1965 free transportation was provided for 25 first grade children who were sent voluntarily from a Rochester, N.Y. public school to six schools in the West Irondequoit district. This longitudinal metropolitan approach…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Esselman, Mary; Lee-Gwin, Rebecca; Rounds, Michael
2012-01-01
The transformation of the Kansas City, Missouri Public Schools (KCMSD) has been long overdue. Multiple superintendents and administrations, using billions of dollars of desegregation funds ventured to transform the district by creating magnet schools, themed schools, and career-focused high schools. Missing from these initiatives, but included in…
Greves, H Mollie; Rivara, Frederick P
2006-01-01
Background Federal nutritional guidelines apply to school foods provided through the national school lunch and breakfast programs, but few federal regulations apply to other foods and drinks sold in schools (labeled "competitive foods"), which are often high in calories, fat and sugar. Competitive food policies among school districts are increasingly viewed as an important modifiable factor in the school nutrition environment, particularly to address rising rates of childhood overweight. Congress passed legislation in 2004 requiring all school districts to develop a Wellness Policy that includes nutrition guidelines for competitive foods starting in 2006–2007. In addition, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recently published recommendations for schools to address childhood obesity. Methods Representatives of school districts with the largest student enrollment in each state and D.C. (N = 51) were interviewed in October-November 2004 about each school district's nutrition policies on "competitive foods." District policies were examined and compared to the Institute of Medicine's recommendations for schools to address childhood obesity. Information about state competitive food policies was accessed via the Internet, and through state and district contacts. Results The 51 districts accounted for 5.9 million students, representing 11% of US students. Nineteen of the 51 districts (39%) had competitive food policies beyond state or federal requirements. The majority of these district policies (79%) were adopted since 2002. School district policies varied in scope and requirements. Ten districts (53%) set different standards by grade level. Most district policies had criteria for food and beverage content (74%) and prohibited the sale of soda in all schools (63%); fewer policies restricted portion size of foods (53%) or beverages (47%). Restrictions more often applied to vending machines (95%), cafeteria à la carte (79%), and student stores (79%) than fundraising
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Natale, Joseph L.
This chapter of "Principles of School Business Management" discusses the effective management of purchasing processes in a school district. These processes include obtaining materials, supplies, and equipment of maximum value for the least expense, and receiving, storing, and distributing the items obtained. The chapter opens with an overview of…
Sexual Harassment Policies in Florida School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rienzo, Barbara A.; Moore, Michele Johnson
1998-01-01
Investigated the extent to which Florida's school districts complied with the Florida Department of Education's (FDOE) recommendations for addressing sexual harassment in schools. Surveys of district equity coordinators and analysis of policies indicated that most districts approved sexual harassment policies incorporating many FDOE…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
California State Dept. of Education, Sacramento.
RACIAL IMBALANCE IN THE SAUSALITO SCHOOL DISTRICT HAS LEGAL SOCIAL, ETHICAL, AND EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS. THE SCHOOL POPULATION COMES FROM THREE MAJOR COMMUNITIES WITHIN THE DISTRICT. THE SCHOOLS MUST COPE WITH THE DISCONTINUITY OF A PUPIL ENROLLMENT PATTERN CAUSED BY THE CONSTANT TURNOVER OF PERSONNEL AT THE MILITARY INSTALLATIONS IN THE AREA.…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Barker, Bruce O.; Muse, Ivan D.
A 1982-83 survey produced data used to compare 17 small/rural K-12 New Mexico school districts (900 students or fewer) with 642 similar districts nationwide. Of New Mexico's 88 school districts, 43 were identified as qualifying (48.9%, enrolling 16,648 students), for comparison to 4,125 similar districts nationwide. A questionnaire mailed to…
An Analysis of a High Performing School District's Culture
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Corum, Kenneth D.; Schuetz, Todd B.
2012-01-01
This report describes a problem based learning project focusing on the cultural elements of a high performing school district. Current literature on school district culture provides numerous cultural elements that are present in high performing school districts. With the current climate in education placing pressure on school districts to perform…
Effective School District Management: A Self-Review Instrument and Guide.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dembowski, Fred
This guide describes the school administrator's managerial role. It is designed to help readers gain additional insights into this role by explaining how to conduct a self-review of the strengths and weaknesses of educational-management-related policies and procedures in school districts. It begins with a discussion of a school administrators'…
Reforming Districts: How Districts Support School Reform. A Research Report. Document R-03-6
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McLaughlin, Milbrey; Talbert, Joan
2003-01-01
School districts have participated in multiple rounds of education reform activity in the past few decades, yet few have made headway on system-wide school improvement. This paper addresses the questions of whether districts matter for school reform progress and what successful "reforming" districts do to achieve system change and to…
School District Policies and Adolescents’ Soda Consumption
Miller, Gabrielle F.; Sliwa, Sarah; Brener, Nancy D.; Park, Sohyun; Merlo, Caitlin L.
2016-01-01
Purpose Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a significant source of calories and added sugars for youth ages 14–18 years in the United States. This study examined the relationship between district-level policies and practices and students’ consumption of regular soda, one type of SSB, in 12 large urban school districts. Methods Data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study and 2013 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System were linked by district. The outcome variable was soda consumption and exposure variables were district policies. We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after controlling for student characteristics and district free/reduced-price meal eligibility. Results About 18% of students reported consuming regular soda at least once per day. Most districts required high schools to have nutrition education, maintain closed campuses, and required/recommended that schools restrict promotional products and sale of beverages. Fewer districts required/recommended that schools offer healthful alternative beverages. Students in districts that restricted promotional products had lower odds of regular soda consumption (AOR = .84, 95% CI = .71–1.00), as did students in districts that restricted access to SSBs and offered healthful beverages when other beverages were available (AOR = .72, 95% CI = .54–.93, AOR = .76, 95% CI = .63–.91). Conclusions This study demonstrates that certain district-level policies are associated with student consumption of regular soda. These findings add to a growing consensus that policies and practices that influence the availability of healthier foods and beverages are needed across multiple settings. PMID:27021401
School District Policies and Adolescents' Soda Consumption.
Miller, Gabrielle F; Sliwa, Sarah; Brener, Nancy D; Park, Sohyun; Merlo, Caitlin L
2016-07-01
Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a significant source of calories and added sugars for youth ages 14-18 years in the United States. This study examined the relationship between district-level policies and practices and students' consumption of regular soda, one type of SSB, in 12 large urban school districts. Data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study and 2013 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System were linked by district. The outcome variable was soda consumption and exposure variables were district policies. We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after controlling for student characteristics and district free/reduced-price meal eligibility. About 18% of students reported consuming regular soda at least once per day. Most districts required high schools to have nutrition education, maintain closed campuses, and required/recommended that schools restrict promotional products and sale of beverages. Fewer districts required/recommended that schools offer healthful alternative beverages. Students in districts that restricted promotional products had lower odds of regular soda consumption (AOR = .84, 95% CI = .71-1.00), as did students in districts that restricted access to SSBs and offered healthful beverages when other beverages were available (AOR = .72, 95% CI = .54-.93, AOR = .76, 95% CI = .63-.91). This study demonstrates that certain district-level policies are associated with student consumption of regular soda. These findings add to a growing consensus that policies and practices that influence the availability of healthier foods and beverages are needed across multiple settings. Published by Elsevier Inc.
School District Effects and Efficiency. Special Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Swanson, Austin D.; Engert, Frank
This paper describes efforts to develop indices of student achievement, school district effort, and school district efficiency. The challenge was to develop measures that are simple to understand, yet allow comparison among districts that are not distorted by socioeconomic differences. Measures were developed for average student achievement,…
No One Way: Differentiating School District Leadership and Support for School Improvement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Anderson, Stephen E.; Mascall, Blair; Stiegelbauer, Suzanne; Park, Jaddon
2012-01-01
This article examines findings from a qualitative investigation of how school district administrators in four mid to large sized urban school districts (10,000-50,000) identify and address differences in school performance. The analysis explores the interaction between district policies and actions that centralize and standardize expectations for…
District wellness policies and school-level practices in Minnesota, USA.
Larson, Nicole; Davey, Cynthia; Hoffman, Pamela; Kubik, Martha Y; Nanney, Marilyn S
2016-01-01
To compare the strength of district wellness policies with corresponding school-level practices reported by principals and teachers. District-level wellness policy data were collected from school district websites and, if not available online, by requests made to district administrators in the autumn of 2013. The strength of district policies was scored using the Wellness School Assessment Tool. School-level data were drawn from the 2012 Minnesota School Health Profiles principal and teacher surveys and the National Center for Education Statistics Common Core Data. Generalized estimating equations which accounted for school-level demographics and the nesting of up to two schools within some districts were used to examine ten district policy items and fourteen school-level practices of relevance to nutrition standards, nutrition education and wellness promotion, and physical activity promotion. State-wide sample of 180 districts and 212 public schools in Minnesota, USA. The mean number of energy-dense, nutrient-poor snack foods and beverages available for students to purchase at school was inversely related to the strength of district wellness policies regulating vending machines and school stores (P=0·01). The proportion of schools having a joint use agreement for shared use of physical activity facilities was inversely related to the strength of district policies addressing community use of school facilities (P=0·03). No associations were found between the strength of other district policies and school-level practices. Nutrition educators and other health professionals should assist schools in periodically assessing their wellness practices to ensure compliance with district wellness policies and environments supportive of healthy behaviours.
Competition for Students in a Local School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chisesi, Lawrence J.
2015-01-01
I study how competition played out between elementary schools in a Colorado school district. When the school board approved new schools without catchments, schools faced with declining catchment populations responded. Some schools adapted by altering programming away from the standard district curriculum. I model a school's success in recruiting…
Annual Estimated Minimum School Program of Utah School Districts, 1984-85.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Utah State Office of Education, Salt Lake City. School Finance and Business Section.
This bulletin presents both the statistical and financial data of the Estimated Annual State-Supported Minimum School Program for the 40 school districts of the State of Utah for the 1984-85 school year. It is published for the benefit of those interested in research into the minimum school programs of the various Utah school districts. A brief…
School Districts Try a New Tack.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Spitz, James A., Jr., Battaglia, Michael
1997-01-01
Politicians are increasingly pressuring school districts to improve instruction while holding down costs. To achieve this aim, western New York school districts are experimenting with mutual gains bargaining, an alternative negotiation process based on Roger Fisher and William Ury's 1991 book "Getting to Yes." Instead of bargaining from…
School District Consolidation: The Benefits and Costs
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Duncombe, William D.; Yinger, John M.
2010-01-01
School district consolidation is a striking phenomenon. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, 117,108 school districts provided elementary and secondary education in 1939-1940. By 2006-2007, the number of districts had dropped to 13,862, a decline of 88 percent. The rate of consolidation has slowed in recent years, but at…
Research Use by Leaders in Canadian School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cooper, Amander; Levin, Ben
2013-01-01
This paper, part of a larger study, investigates the ways research is used by leaders in Canadian schools and districts, an area in which there is relatively little empirical evidence. The paper analyzes survey results from 188 education leaders in 11 school districts across Canada about school and district practices related to the use of…
Preschool Guidelines: Rural Model (Trimble Local School District).
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ohio State Dept. of Education, Columbus. Div. of Educational Services.
The purpose of this handbook is to guide rural school districts intending to establish a preschool program. The program described was established in the Trimble Local School District in the rural Appalachian area of northern Athens County, the third poorest district in Ohio. Contents concern: (1) the district's beliefs about children; (2)…
Effective Teamwork: Perceptions of School District Administrators
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dail, Sara
2017-01-01
The purpose of this mixed methods study was to explore how perceptions of team strengths and weaknesses present in school district leadership teams, as conceptualized by Patrick Lencioni: a team's ability to 1) trust, 2) commit, 3) handle conflict, 4) be accountable, and 5) be attentive to results. Additionally, this study sought to identify…
Attitudes of School Board Members Toward Inter-School District Cooperation.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fain, Robert P.
The purposes of this study were to determine the attitudes of selected public school district board members toward inter-school-district cooperation and the extent to which selected variables were related to board member attitudes. Data from questionnaires that sought demographic data, local-cosmopolitan orientation, and other information relevant…
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Minnesota School District Finds Cost
Savings, Cold-Weather Reliability with Propane Buses Minnesota School District Finds Cost Center: Minnesota School District Finds Cost Savings, Cold-Weather Reliability with Propane Buses on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Minnesota School District Finds Cost Savings, Cold
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Williams, Ann C.; Kersten, Thomas A.
2013-01-01
The purpose of this study was to identify financial management strategies that school business officials have found most successful in achieving school district financial stability. To accomplish, 208 Illinois school business officials in six counties: Cook, DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry, and Will counties, excluding Chicago School District 299,…
Projecting Enrollment in Rural Schools: A Study of Three Vermont School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Grip, Richard S.
2004-01-01
Large numbers of rural districts have experienced sharp declines in enrollment, unlike their suburban counterparts. Accurate enrollment projections are required, whether a district needs to build new schools or consolidate existing ones. For school districts having more than 600 students, a quantitative method such as the Cohort-Survival Ratio…
A Handbook for School District Financial Management.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dembowski, Frederick L.
Designed for school business officials, this handbook provides research information and guidelines on school district banking and cash management systems. Section 1 gives an overview of district financial management operations, discussing the administrative framework, cash budgeting, information and control systems, collection and disbursement…
Systematic Research and Evaluation in a Rural Pennsylvania School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Leopold, Greg; And Others
This report summarizes the evaluation of a rural school district in Pennsylvania and offers recommendations reflecting the district's goals for school improvement and construction. Specifically, the objectives of the study were to identify curricular needs of the district and individual schools; review and assess district facilities with respect…
Promoting, Guiding, and Surviving Change in School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Deal, Terrence E.; Nutt, Samuel C.
Compiled for school administrators who must initiate or respond to external mandate for change, this guide draws on the experiences of 10 rural school districts that participated in the federally funded Experimental Schools (ES) program for perspectives that can be used in the successful management of change efforts in school districts. Organized…
Neighborhoods and Schools: Using Charter School Policy to Foster District Change
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Allen, Ann
2010-01-01
This article presents the case of community leaders who used the charter school policy as a way to effect district change for the benefit of a neighborhood in need. The case represents the potential of charter school policy to reshape the political and institutional arrangements of urban school districts, and it reengages the idea of what makes…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Barr, Jason M.; Sadovnik, Alan R.; Visconti, Louisa
2006-01-01
This article compares student achievement of fourth graders in charter schools and district public schools in Newark, New Jersey. We find that Newark and New Jersey's charter schools mirror the educational inequalities of the state as a whole, as well as its Abbott Districts. The data indicate that charter schools are similar to district urban…
Marketing Techniques for School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lane, John J., Ed.
Development of marketing plans can assist not only public school districts in meeting recent competition but will also improve educational processes, increase revenue, and restore confidence in schools. This collection of articles describes a new role for school administrators--particulary for business managers: administrators as "entrepreneurs."…
A Model for Determining School District Cash Flow Needs.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dembowski, Frederick L.
This paper discusses a model to optimize cash management in school districts. A brief discussion of the cash flow pattern of school districts is followed by an analysis of the constraints faced by the school districts in their investment planning process. A linear programming model used to optimize net interest earnings on investments is developed…
Staffing Levels in the Dallas Independent School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Council of the Great City Schools, 2009
2009-01-01
The Board of Trustees of the Dallas Independent School District (DISD) asked the Council of the Great City Schools, the nation's primary coalition of large urban school systems, to examine the staffing levels of the school system and determine whether the numbers of staff members employed were appropriate for a district serving as many students as…
Buckeye Union High School District. Report of Survey.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Arizona State Univ., Tempe. Bureau of Educational Research and Services.
Embracing 4 Arizona elementary school districts (Arlington, Buckeye, Liberty, and Palo Verde) visited by consultants for evaluative purposes, this report presents information about and recommendations for the elementary schools in the Buckeye Union High School District. Summaries on the educational programs (language arts, social studies,…
School District Employment Reductions Slow. Get the Facts. #1
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tallman, Mark
2012-01-01
Kansas school districts reduced employment by 327 full-time equivalent positions this school year, the smallest reduction in three years of cuts to district operating budgets. Districts reduced positions by 561 in FY 2010 and 1,626 in FY 2011. Districts eliminated nearly 400 "regular" teaching positions this year, but added 114 special…
Frndak, Seth E
2014-12-02
This ecological study examines the relationship between food desert prevalence and academic achievement at the school district level. Sample included 232 suburban and urban school districts in New York State. Multiple open-source databases were merged to obtain: 4(th) grade science, English and math scores, school district demographic composition (NYS Report Card), regional socioeconomic indicators (American Community Survey), school district quality (US Common Core of Data), and food desert data (USDA Food Desert Atlas). Multiple regression models assessed the percentage of variation in achievement scores explained by food desert variables, after controlling for additional predictors. The proportion of individuals living in food deserts significantly explained 4th grade achievement scores, after accounting for additional predictors. School districts with higher proportions of individuals living in food desert regions demonstrated lower 4th grade achievement across science, English and math. Food deserts appear to be related to academic achievement at the school district level among urban and suburban regions. Further research is needed to better understand how food access is associated with academic achievement at the individual level. Significance for public healthThe prevalence of food deserts in the United States is of national concern. As poor nutrition in United States children continues to spark debate, food deserts are being evaluated as potential sources of low fruit and vegetable intake and high obesity rates. Cognitive development and IQ have been linked to nutrition patterns, suggesting that children in food desert regions may have a disadvantage academically. This research evaluates if an ecological relationship between food desert prevalence and academic achievement at the school district level can be demonstrated. Results suggest that food desert prevalence may relate to poor academic performance at the school district level. Significant variation in
Stock, Christiane; Bloomfield, Kim; Ejstrud, Bo; Vinther-Larsen, Mathilde; Meijer, Mathias; Grønbæk, Morten; Grittner, Ulrike
2012-06-01
This study sought to determine the influence of individual factors on active transportation to school among Danish seventh graders and whether school district factors are associated with such behaviour independently of individual factors. Mixed effects logistic regression models determined the effects of individual (gender, family affluence, enjoyment of school and academic performance) and school district factors (educational level, household savings, land use and size) on active transportation to school (by foot, bicycle or other active means) among 10 380 pupils aged 13-15 years nested in 407 school districts. Of all students, 64.4% used active transportation to school daily. Boys, those with perceived higher school performance and those with lower family affluence were more likely to use active transportation to school. After adjustment for all individual factors listed above, high household savings at the school district level was associated with higher odds of active transportation to school. As factors of land use, low level of farming land use and high proportion of single houses were associated with active transportation to school. Policies aiming at reducing social inequalities at the school district level may enhance active transportation to school. School districts with farming land use face barriers for active transportation to school, requiring special policy attention.
Examining Fund Balance in Michigan School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bidin, Zainin
2012-01-01
This research examines the financial profiles of 550 public school districts in Michigan and highlights the association between school district fund balance and the following eleven indicators: enrollment, percent enrollment change, percent of students receive free and reduced lunch (FRL), percent of special education students, percent of English…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Igoe, Joseph A.; DiRocco, Anthony P.
This booklet is designed to give practical and realistic advice to school district officials faced with the possibility of a teachers' strike. It is intended for use both by school district administrators and school board members. The booklet is organized into four sections that focus in turn on signs of a pending teachers' strike, union…
Examining Charter School Policy and Public School District Resource Allocation in Ohio
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Linick, Matthew A.
2016-01-01
This project focuses on the competitive pressure, or the threat of competitive pressure, generated by charter school policy. This paper uses longitudinal district-level data and multiple quasi-experimental designs to examine the relationship between two Ohio charter school policies and changes in public school district instructional resource…
Henderson, Kathryn E; Falbe, Jennifer; Novak, Sarah A.; Wharton, Christopher; Long, Michael; O'Connell, Meghan L.; Fiore, Susan S.
2013-01-01
Background In 2006, all local education agencies in the United States participating in federal school meal programs were required to establish school wellness policies. The aim of this study was to document the strength and comprehensiveness of one state's written district policies using a quantitative coding tool, and test whether the strength and comprehensiveness of the written policy predicted school level implementation and practices. Methods School wellness policies from 151 Connecticut districts were evaluated using a quantitative coding system. In each district, school principal surveys were collected before and after the writing and expected implementation of wellness policies. Socio-demographic variables were assessed for each district, including enrollment, population density, political climate, racial composition and socio-economic status. Changes in school-level policy implementation before and after the federal wellness policy requirement were compared across districts by wellness policy strength, and policies were compared based on district-level demographic factors. Results Statewide, fuller implementation of nutrition and physical activity policies at the school level was reported after adoption of written policies in 2006. Districts with stronger, more comprehensive policies were more successful in implementing those policies at the school level. Some socio-demographic characteristics predicted the strength of wellness policies; larger, urban districts and districts with a greater ratio of registered Democrats to Republicans wrote stronger policies. Conclusions Written school wellness policies have the potential to promote significant improvements in the school environment. Future regulation of school wellness policies should focus on the importance of writing strong and comprehensive policies. PMID:22568461
Wisconsin District Case Study. A Report and Estimating Tool for K-12 School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Consortium for School Networking, 2004
2004-01-01
The Wisconsin case study school district is primarily urban and growing with 21,500 students on 40 campuses. This document contains case studies that are presented in the same format at the 2003 studies, but also have a focus on additional technologies beyond the base distributed computing model. These new technologies are voice/data integration,…
Characteristics of Illinois School Districts That Employ School Nurses
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Searing, Lisabeth M.; Guenette, Molly
2016-01-01
Research indicates that school nursing services are cost-effective, but the National Association of School Nurses estimates that 25% of schools do not have a school nurse (SN). The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of Illinois school districts that employed SNs. This was a secondary data analysis of Illinois School Report…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hoffman, Pamela K.; Davey, Cynthia S.; Larson, Nicole; Grannon, Katherine Y.; Hanson, Carlie; Nanney, Marilyn S.
2016-01-01
Weight-related outcomes were examined among high school students in Minnesota public school districts according to the quality of district wellness policies. Wellness policy strength and comprehensiveness were scored using the Wellness School Assessment Tool (WellSAT) for 325 Minnesota public school districts in 2013. The associations between…
Collaborative Strategic Decision Making in School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Brazer, S. David; Rich, William; Ross, Susan A.
2010-01-01
Purpose: The dual purpose of this paper is to determine how superintendents in US school districts work with stakeholders in the decision-making process and to learn how different choices superintendents make affect decision outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: This multiple case study of three school districts employs qualitative methodology to…
Granite School District First Grade Reading Study.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Castner, Myra H.; And Others
A comparative study of first-grade reading instructional methods was undertaken with the support of the Granite School District Exemplary Center for Reading Instruction. This study was conducted in 19 schools of the district and involved approximately 1,295 students. Nine hypotheses concerning the various approaches used in reading instruction…
District Support of School Improvement: Highlights from Three Districts. Newsletter
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Center for Comprehensive School Reform and Improvement, 2009
2009-01-01
This newsletter addresses various supports that districts are utilizing to help keep students in school and on the path to graduation. Described herein are three districts that have been particularly successful in raising student achievement--even though they differ in their specific strategies, fund allocation, and demographic composition. A…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Izu, JoAnn
Drawing on the Los Angeles Unified School District's experiences with charter schools, this brief highlights the difficulties in balancing the twin needs of charter-school autonomy and accountability, and their implications for the way in which charter schools and districts can work together. It identifies key challenges in district-school…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kaufman, Trent E.; Grimm, Emily Dolci; Miller, Allison E.
2012-01-01
How can districts bring instructional improvement to scale within and across schools? The authors of "Collaborative School Improvement" argue that districts can play a powerful part in helping schools build the capacity to engage in inquiry-based reform--but that this effort requires a shift in districts' traditional role as a professional…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Davis, James S., Jr.
2013-01-01
This exploration focuses on school leaders' perceptions of school counselors as leaders and their involvement with district wide change. This study explores school counselor leadership, school counselors' role in district level change, and barriers to school counselor leadership. This is a qualitative study utilizing grounded theory design.…
The Effects of Charter School Competition on School District Resource Allocation
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Arsen, David; Ni, Yongmei
2012-01-01
Purpose: This article examines two questions: (a) How does resource allocation change in school districts experiencing sustained charter school competition? (b) Among districts exposed to charter competition, are there differences in the resource allocation adjustments between those that do and do not succeed in stemming further enrollment loss to…
Strategies and Factors Influencing Public School District Referendums
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stauffacher, Alan N.
2012-01-01
Many school districts are in need of a successful plan of action for school district referendums. The purpose of this descriptive study was to determine the perceived effectiveness between factors and strategies surrounding referendums and the passage of those measures meant to improve school funding and facilities. The findings from Johnson and…
Income Segregation between Schools and School Districts. CEPA Working Paper No. 16-04
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Owens, Ann; Reardon, Sean F.; Jencks, Christopher
2016-01-01
Although trends in the racial segregation of schools are well documented, less is known about trends in "income" segregation. We use multiple data sources to document trends in income segregation between schools and school districts. Between-district income segregation of families with children enrolled in public school increased by over…
A Case Study of School District Consolidation
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cronin, Joseph M.
2010-01-01
Several New England states have been rethinking the system whereby small towns make the key decisions about school budgets and staffing under the banner of local control. Maine already has mandated a reduction in the number of local school districts from 290 to 80, allowing localities to vote on the larger districts. This consolidation, unpopular…
School District Crisis Preparedness, Response, and Recovery Plans - United States, 2012.
Silverman, Brenda; Chen, Brenda; Brener, Nancy; Kruger, Judy; Krishna, Nevin; Renard, Paul; Romero-Steiner, Sandra; Avchen, Rachel Nonkin
2016-09-16
The unique characteristics of children dictate the need for school-based all-hazards response plans during natural disasters, emerging infectious diseases, and terrorism (1-3). Schools are a critical community institution serving a vulnerable population that must be accounted for in public health preparedness plans; prepared schools are adopting policies and plans for crisis preparedness, response, and recovery (2-4). The importance of having such plans in place is underscored by the development of a new Healthy People 2020 objective (PREP-5) to "increase the percentage of school districts that require schools to include specific topics in their crisis preparedness, response, and recovery plans" (5). Because decisions about such plans are usually made at the school district level, it is important to examine district-level policies and practices. Although previous reports have provided national estimates of the percentage of districts with policies and practices in place (6), these estimates have not been analyzed by U.S. Census region* and urbanicity.(†) Using data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study (SHPPS), this report examines policies and practices related to school district preparedness, response, and recovery. In general, districts in the Midwest were less likely to require schools to include specific topics in their crisis preparedness plans than districts in the Northeast and South. Urban districts tended to be more likely than nonurban districts to require specific topics in school preparedness plans. Southern districts tended to be more likely than districts in other regions to engage with partners when developing plans. No differences in district collaboration (with the exception of local fire department engagement) were observed by level of urbanicity. School-based preparedness planning needs to be coordinated with interdisciplinary community partners to achieve Healthy People 2020 PREP-5 objectives for this vulnerable population.
Small Districts, Big Problems: Making School Everybody's House.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schmuck, Richard A.; Schmuck, Patricia A.
During a 6-month odyssey over America's back roads, 80 schools in 25 small school districts in 21 states were visited, in hopes of finding effective schools where smallness facilitated participation by all. District size ranged from 450 to 2,000 students. Data collection included observation of classes and meetings; group interviews of classes;…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Van Beek, Michael
2013-01-01
In this latest installment of the Mackinac Center for Public Policy's new "Schools of Innovation" series, we discuss how Berrien Springs school district is reinventing public school. This study examines how the district has become more racially diverse, enrollment is growing rapidly, and they are using that growth to inject some much…
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Mesa Unified School District Reaps Economic
and Environmental Benefits with Propane Buses Mesa Unified School District Reaps Economic and School District Reaps Economic and Environmental Benefits with Propane Buses on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Mesa Unified School District Reaps Economic and Environmental Benefits with
SCHOOL DISTRICT ORGANIZATION FOR THE 1970'S.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
CRONIN, JOSEPH M.
FROM 1932 TO 1965, THE NUMBER OF SCHOOL DISTRICTS IN THE UNITED STATES DECREASED FROM 127,649 TO 26,802. IN NEW ENGLAND, HOWEVER, THERE WAS A DECREASE OF LESS THAN 100 DISTRICTS. NEW ENGLAND IS IN THE PROCESS OF CONVERTING FROM AN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY TO AN ELECTRICAL AND TECHNICAL ECONOMY. SCHOOL REDISTRICTING MUST OCCUR ALONG WITH THIS…
Administrator/Student Ratios in Large School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ornstein, Allan C.
1989-01-01
According to a survey of large school districts, the ratio of central office managers to students enrolled ranges from 1 administrator per 1,650 students to 1 administrator per 161 students. The average ratio was 1 administrator per 561 students. Western school districts appear most efficient. The ideal: 1 administrator per 1,000 to 1,200…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McGary, Ostrova Dewayne
2012-01-01
The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the perceived motivators contributing African American educators' decision to migrate from a suburban school district to an urban school district. The case study approach was used in an effort to capture the participants' voices and the motivators contributing to their decision to migrate to an…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Northwest Evaluation Association, 2016
2016-01-01
Blue Valley, the fourth largest school district in Kansas, covers 91 square miles. More than 20,000 K-12 students attend its 34 schools ( five high schools, nine middle schools, and 20 elementary schools). Of the district's students, 8% qualify for free and reduced lunch and about 3% are English Language Learners. Blue Valley began using Measures…
Sexual harassment policies in Florida school districts.
Moore, M J; Rienzo, B A
1998-08-01
Until recently, little attention has focused on the sexual harassment that occurs in primary and secondary schools. Several school-related lawsuits and study results heightened awareness of the issue. This study investigated the extent to which Florida's school districts complied with the Florida Department of Education's (FDOE) recommendation and guidelines for addressing sexual harassment in schools. District equity coordinators were surveyed regarding policy development, implementation, promotion, education, and effects. Policies were collected for analysis. Most districts responded to the strong encouragement of the FDOE and approved a sexual harassment policy incorporating many of the suggested components. However, policies included only basic information when compared with suggestions from the literature. Results suggest problems with sexual harassment will continue due to lack of efforts in promoting awareness of the policy and education about the issue, which scholars insist are necessary for effectiveness.
Greening the Toronto District School Board.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Root, Emily
2002-01-01
The Toronto District School Board (Ontario) established a department of environmental education to lighten the school board's impact on the environment and to increase ecological literacy among students. School programs have been developed in the areas of eco-literacy, energy conservation, waste management, and school yard greening. One program…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Reardon, Ryan Turner
2008-01-01
The purpose of this non-experimental correlational study was to determine the relationship between the type of attendance policies in the high schools of the 67 Florida school districts, the size of the school district (number of high school students), the socioeconomic status SES) of the school district, and the average daily attendance rate of…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fehrer, Kendra; Leos-Urbel, Jacob; Messner, Erica; Riley, Nicole
2016-01-01
Since 2014, Oakland Unified School District (OUSD) has partnered with the Gardner Center for Youth and Their Communities at Stanford University (Gardner Center) to support OUSD's efforts to assess, enhance, and scale their community schools work. They began by working with the district to develop a System Strategy Map to articulate the district's…
How State Takeover School Districts Shake Up Teacher Professional Development
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pennington, Kaitlin
2014-01-01
Over the past few decades, many state departments of education have taken over low-performing schools or districts as a school turnaround strategy. Recently, that strategy has shifted to creating new districts--managed by the state--that include schools and parts of districts that face challenges in performance. The governance structure brings…
Human Resource Support for School Principals in Two, Urban School Districts: An Exploratory Study
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lochmiller, Chad R.
2010-01-01
School districts are increasingly focused on instructional practice in classrooms. Many urban school districts have shifted decision-making responsibility to school principals in order to improve instruction. This reform strategy has been referred to as decentralization or school-based management. Decentralization has a significant influence on…
School District Response to the Ohio Local Option Income Tax.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
House, Jess E.
Ohio State Senate Bill 28 allows school districts, with voter approval, to impose a tax on the incomes of district residents. This paper examines the early response of school districts to the opportunity presented by the legislation. The paper explains the Ohio system for funding public schools, with a focus on revenue growth, describes features…
School District Personnel Describe One Example of Effective Change Implementation.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Jones, Toni Griego
Three large urban school districts located in the Midwest, Southwest, and West Coast regions were involved in a study designed to reveal district personnel's perceptions of change within their school district. After describing the study, this document analyzes perceptions of change related to one district's new bilingual program that was…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fehrer, Kendra; Leos-Urbel, Jacob
2015-01-01
In 2010, Oakland Unified School District (OUSD) launched an initiative to transform all district schools into full service community schools. The community school design provides integrated supports to students and fosters a school climate conducive to academic, social, and emotional learning. Interventions span in-school and out-of-school time,…
Are School Districts Immune to a Weak Economy? Don't Believe It!
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Horner, Jeffrey
2009-01-01
Why should school districts worry about today's down economy? After all, the vast majority of their income comes from state legislatures and local property taxes, with some additional funding from the federal government. This funding is unaffected by downturns in sales, the stock market, and other basic economic indicators. School business…
Little Reason for Being: A Case of School District Dissolution.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ellis, Pam
In 1980, Tonnelly Central School District became the first school district in New York State to be dissolved pursuant to Section 1505 of Education Law, marking the first use of dissolution and annexation as a means by which to address the programmatic and management problems encountered in the operation of a central school district. Problems faced…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sperry, Sam
2012-01-01
From the Center on Reinventing Public Education's (CRPE's) work examining the efforts to close schools over the past 10 years, in cities of all sizes, two glaring facts stand out: Most city and district leaders are surprised at how difficult it is to close schools. And many of these leaders make mistakes that others before them have learned to…
Dimensions of Improving School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pajak, Edward; Glickman, Carl D.
To broaden the scope of effective schools research by including change processes and a wider unit of study, this project investigated three Georgia school districts demonstrating improvements in student achievement for three consecutive years. Research identified these elements: (1) the sequence and influence of events, factors, and people…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Anchorage School District, AK.
This profile is the report card of the Anchorage, Alaska, School District on the academic achievement of Anchorage students. Part 1 provides a summary of performance across the entire district on a variety of important indicators of success. Part 2, published separately, profiles each of the district's schools. Part 1 contains an overview of the…
Dropout Rates in Texas School Districts: Influences of School Size and Ethnic Group.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Toenjes, Laurence A.
Longitudinal dropout rates (LDR's) for public school students and LDR's of pupil membership by ethnic group based on two Texas Education Agency reports are estimated. LDR's are calculated for the state, by school district size, for the 21 largest districts, and by average high school size. Findings dispel the prevalent perception of the dropout…
Spatial Planning of School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Maxfield, Donald W.
1972-01-01
The development of several plans based on linear programming and geographic methodology will permit school administrators to make better decisions concerning the planning of school districts: where to locate boundaries, how to eliminate overcrowding, where to locate new classrooms, and how to overcome de facto segregation. The primal and dual…
Estimating the Efficiency of Michigan's Rural and Urban Public School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Maranowski, Rita
2012-01-01
This study examined student achievement in Michigan public school districts to determine if rural school districts are demonstrating greater financial efficiency by producing higher levels of student achievement than school districts in other geographic locations with similar socioeconomics. Three models were developed using multiple regression…
City Districts Embracing K-8 Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gewertz, Catherine
2004-01-01
This article deals with school districts' K-8 configurations. Cincinnati, Cleveland, Milwaukee, New York, and Philadelphia are among the districts making the change, driven by a small body of research and a rising pile of anecdotes suggesting that K-8 configurations help academic performance, decrease discipline problems, enhance parent…
Turner, Lindsey; Chriqui, Jamie F.; Chaloupka, Frank J.
2012-01-01
Objectives We examined whether state laws and district policies pertaining to nutritional restrictions on school fundraisers were associated with school policies as reported by administrators in a nationally-representative sample of United States public elementary schools. Methods We gathered data on school-level fundraising policies via a mail-back survey during the 2009–10 and 2010–11 school years. Surveys were received from 1,278 public elementary schools (response rate = 60.9%). Data were also gathered on corresponding school district policies and state laws. After removing cases with missing data, the sample size for analysis was 1,215 schools. Results After controlling for school characteristics, school policies were consistently associated with state laws and district policies, both those pertaining to fundraising generally, as well as specific restrictions on the sale of candy and soda in fundraisers (all Odds Ratios >2.0 and Ps<.05). However, even where district policies and state laws required fundraising restrictions, school policies were not uniformly present; school policies were also in place at only 55.8% of these schools, but were more common at schools in the West (77.1%) and at majority-Latino schools (71.4%), indicating uneven school-level implementation of district policy and state law. Conclusions District policies and state laws were associated with a higher prevalence of elementary school-level fundraising policies, but many schools that were subject to district policies and state laws did not have school-level restrictions in place, suggesting the need for further attention to factors hindering policy implementation in schools. PMID:23166788
Turner, Lindsey; Chriqui, Jamie F; Chaloupka, Frank J
2012-01-01
We examined whether state laws and district policies pertaining to nutritional restrictions on school fundraisers were associated with school policies as reported by administrators in a nationally-representative sample of United States public elementary schools. We gathered data on school-level fundraising policies via a mail-back survey during the 2009-10 and 2010-11 school years. Surveys were received from 1,278 public elementary schools (response rate = 60.9%). Data were also gathered on corresponding school district policies and state laws. After removing cases with missing data, the sample size for analysis was 1,215 schools. After controlling for school characteristics, school policies were consistently associated with state laws and district policies, both those pertaining to fundraising generally, as well as specific restrictions on the sale of candy and soda in fundraisers (all Odds Ratios >2.0 and Ps<.05). However, even where district policies and state laws required fundraising restrictions, school policies were not uniformly present; school policies were also in place at only 55.8% of these schools, but were more common at schools in the West (77.1%) and at majority-Latino schools (71.4%), indicating uneven school-level implementation of district policy and state law. District policies and state laws were associated with a higher prevalence of elementary school-level fundraising policies, but many schools that were subject to district policies and state laws did not have school-level restrictions in place, suggesting the need for further attention to factors hindering policy implementation in schools.
Early Returns on District of Columbia Charter Schools. Capital Campaign
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mead, Sara
2005-01-01
In this report for the Progressive Policy Institute's 21st Century Schools Project, the author examines charter schooling in Washington, D.C., including the region's unique history of charter schooling and the challenges these schools face. She is optimistic about the future of the District's charter school movement, but argues that District and…
District-Wide Involvement: The Key to Successful School Improvement.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mundell, Scott; Babich, George
1989-01-01
Describes the self-study process used by the Marana Unified School District to meet accreditation requirements with minimal expense, to emphasize curriculum development, and to improve the school. Considers the key feature of the cyclical review model to be the personal involvement of nearly every faculty member in the 10-school district. (DMM)
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2010
2010-01-01
Each district that participated in the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) 2009 Trial Urban District Assessment in reading receives a one-page snapshot report that presents key findings and trends in a condensed format. This report presents the results for Austin Independent School District's student achievement in reading. In 2009,…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2010
2010-01-01
Each district that participated in the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) 2009 Trial Urban District Assessment in reading receives a one-page snapshot report that presents key findings and trends in a condensed format. This report presents the results for Austin Independent School District's student achievement in reading. In 2009,…
Qualified School Construction Bonds: One School District's Experience
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Morstad, Lisa Zimmerman
2010-01-01
Qualified school construction bonds (QSCBs) are part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. These bonds allow school districts to finance capital projects at no or very low interest rates. In a nutshell, bondholders accept a lower interest rate because the corresponding federal tax credit they receive subsidizes that lower interest…
The Philadelphia School District's Ongoing Financial Crisis
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Caskey, John; Kuperberg, Mark
2014-01-01
This article describes the budget crisis that the School District of Philadelphia has faced for the past few years. Three specific events triggered the 2012 crisis: an abrupt reduction in federal and state funding, the inability of the district to cut many of its costs, and political pressures on the district to spend available revenues in a given…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dresden, Janna; Gilbertson, Erica; Tavernier, Mark
2016-01-01
The UGA/CCSD Professional Development School District (PDSD) partnership began in 2009 with one school, and has grown to serve all schools in the district. The premise of the PDSD is that equity is achieved by providing high quality education for all students through programs and processes that are emergent, organic, dynamic and collaborative. All…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ralston, Nicole; Weitzel, Bruce; Waggoner, Jacqueline; Naegele, Zulema; Smith, Rebecca
2016-01-01
There has been a recent shift in university-district partnership models from traditional transactional partnerships, which lack a shared purpose, to transformational partnerships that are mutually beneficial to both universities and school districts. These transformational research-practice partnerships have gained popularity in the United States…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Baker, Bruce D.
2012-01-01
The goal of this study is to simultaneously explore resource allocation across schools within large urban school districts and across all schools within major metropolitan areas that include those urban districts in the state of Texas. This study uses a three-year panel, from 2005 to 2007, for Texas elementary schools in the Houston, Dallas,…
Understanding School District Budgets: A Guide For Local Leaders
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Perry, Mary
2005-01-01
A school district budget is more than numbers. It is a record of a district?s past decisions and a spending plan for its future. It shows a district?s priorities whether they have been clearly articulated or simply occurred by default. And it is a communications document that can tell constituents a lot about the district?s priorities and goals. A…
Comprehensive Profile of the San Antonio Indepentent School District 1983-1984.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
San Antonio Independent School District, TX.
This report presents statistical data about the San Antonio (Texas) Independent School District for the 1983-1984 school year. Trends for five or ten year groupings of past years are also presented. The report consolidates both district and individual school information from regular reports by the different district departments. The data is…
Governing Urban School Districts: Efforts in Los Angeles to Effect Change
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Augustine, Catherine H.; Epstein, Diana; Vuollo, Mirka
2006-01-01
Many urban school district students are dropping out and few of the remaining ones reach state or district achievement goals. These problems make governing urban schools both difficult and important. In 2005-06, the governance structure of the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) was examined, debated, criticized, and praised by several…
Analysis of Superintendent Longevity in Large School Districts: A Qualitative Study
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mouton, Nikki Golar
2013-01-01
School district leadership matters, as evidenced by a meta-analysis of 27 reports and 1,210 districts conducted by Waters and Marzano (2006) which highlights a statistically significant correlation between district leadership and student achievement. Because this relationship is significant, it is important for school districts to have effective…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Moorosi, Pontso; Bantwini, Bongani D.
2016-01-01
The purpose of this study was to investigate how leadership styles in the Eastern Cape school districts support school improvement. Mixed methods research was employed and data was collected through the use of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with school principals in various districts. The study was guided by the following questions:…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Petti, Amy D.
2010-01-01
In this article, the author describes how an Oregon district redefines coaching roles to find a balance between school and district goals. As director of improvement for North Clackamas School District in Milwaukie, Oregon, near Portland, the author's role of coaching the coach was new, and the coaches welcomed the immediate feedback. Through the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wiener, Steve
Soaring values of agricultural land have created inequities in funding between urban and rural school districts in Minnesota. The state's Foundation Aid to school districts is formulated so that districts of high property valuation receive less Foundation Aid than those districts with low property valuation. In recent years inflation has had…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Baker, Matt; McCracken, J. David
This study explores the relationships between the percentage of successful property tax issues and community and school characteristics in rural school districts in Ohio. Data were obtained for 74 rural school districts between 1984 and 1988; sources were government statistics and a questionnaire survey of school principals. The dependent variable…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Health, Education, and Human Services Div.
School districts nationwide are experimenting with a range of reform options, one of which is private management of public schools. This General Accounting Office (GAO) report describes the early experiences of four school districts that contracted with private companies for management of their public schools. Specifically, the report describes:…
Hoffman, Pamela K; Davey, Cynthia S; Larson, Nicole; Grannon, Katherine Y; Hanson, Carlie; Nanney, Marilyn S
2016-04-01
Weight-related outcomes were examined among high school students in Minnesota public school districts according to the quality of district wellness policies. Wellness policy strength and comprehensiveness were scored using the Wellness School Assessment Tool (WellSAT) for 325 Minnesota public school districts in 2013. The associations between WellSAT scores and district-level means of high school student responses to a statewide survey of health behaviors were examined in this ecologic study. WellSAT Total Strength and Total Comprehensiveness scores were positively associated with both student mean Body Mass Index (BMI) percentile (Strength: P = 0.018, Comprehensiveness: P = 0.031) and mean percent overweight or obese (Strength: P = 0.008, Comprehensiveness: P = 0.026), but only in districts with > 50% of students eligible for Free or Reduced-Price Lunches (FRPLs), or 'high FRPL districts'. WellSAT Physical Education and Physical Activity subscale scores were also positively associated with the mean days per week students engaged in physical activity for ≥ 60 min in high FRPL districts (Strength: P = 0.008, Comprehensiveness: P = 0.003) and in low FRPL districts (< 35% eligible) for Strength score: (P = 0.027). In medium FRPL districts (35-50% eligible), Nutrition Education and Wellness Promotion Strength and Comprehensiveness subscale scores were positively associated with, respectively, daily servings of vegetables (P = 0.037) and fruit (P = 0.027); and WellSAT Total scores were positively associated with daily vegetable servings (Strength: P = 0.037, Comprehensiveness: P = 0.012). Administrators of economically disadvantaged school districts with a higher percentage of overweight students may be recognizing the need for stronger wellness policies and the specific importance of implementing policies pertaining to physical activity as a means to improve student health. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ericson, John; Silverman, Debra; Berman, Paul; Nelson, Beryl; Solomon, Debra
This report examines the operational and educational changes that school administrators attribute to charter schools. It is part of the U.S. Department of Education's 4-year study to document and analyze the charter-school movement. The study asked two questions: What changes have districts made in district operations and district education that…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Welsch, David M.; Zimmer, David M.
2012-01-01
This paper examines the competitive effects of a unique school choice program implemented in the late 1990s, Wisconsin's open enrollment program, which allows families to send their children to schools outside their home district. In contrast to other school choice programs, districts not only face negative consequences from losing students and…
Implementing a Student-Based Funding Policy: Considerations for School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Shambaugh, Larisa S.; Chambers, Jay G.
2009-01-01
As education budgets continue to tighten, increased attention is focused on how school districts can best distribute existing funds to schools and how schools can best use these funds. Student-based funding (SBF)--sometimes referred to as a weighted student formula--is one approach that school districts have taken during the past decade. SBF…
Counseling, Psychological, and Social Services Staffing: Policies in U.S. School Districts.
Brener, Nancy; Demissie, Zewditu
2018-06-01
Schools are in a unique position to meet the mental and behavioral health needs of children and adolescents because approximately 95% of young people aged 7-17 years attend school. Little is known, however, about policies related to counseling, psychological, and social services staffing in school districts. This study analyzed the prevalence of such policies in public school districts in the U.S. Data from four cycles (2000, 2006, 2012, and 2016) of the School Health Policies and Practices Study, a national survey periodically conducted to assess policies and practices for ten components of school health, were analyzed in 2017. The survey collected data related to counseling, psychological, and social services among nationally representative samples of school districts using online or mailed questionnaires. Sampled districts identified respondents responsible for or most knowledgeable about the content of each questionnaire. The percentage of districts with a district-level counseling, psychological, and social services coordinator increased significantly from 62.6% in 2000 to 79.5% in 2016. In 2016, 56.3% of districts required each school to have someone to coordinate counseling, psychological, and social services at the school. Fewer districts required schools at each level to have a specified ratio of counselors to students (16.2% for elementary schools, 16.8% for middle schools, and 19.8% for high schools), and the percentage of districts with these requirements has decreased significantly since 2012. Increases in the prevalence of district-level staffing policies could help increase the quantity and quality of counseling, psychological, and social services staff in schools nationwide, which in turn could improve mental and behavioral health outcomes for students. This article is part of a supplement entitled The Behavioral Health Workforce: Planning, Practice, and Preparation, which is sponsored by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
State Policy Snapshot: School District Facilities and Public Charter Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Simnick, Russ
2015-01-01
One of the greatest challenges to the health of the public charter school movement is access to adequate facilities in which the schools operate. Public charter school facilities are rarely funded on par with school district facilities. Over the years, more states have come to realize that they have an obligation to ensure that all public school…
Ohio School & District Results, 2014-2015
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rivera, Lonny J.
2015-01-01
The Ohio School Report Cards for the 2014-2015 academic year give every school and district A-F letter grades on up to 10 measures of education quality. The measures fall under six areas of school responsibility, including student learning progress, graduation rate and reading mastery for our youngest students. The report card's easy-to-follow…
Investment Practices of Local School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cober, John G.
This study determined the number of Pennsylvania school districts that invest surplus funds and the rate of return on these investments. Also examined was the relationship among the amount of money earned from investments and the assessed value of the district, the aid ratio, the income from real estate, and the beginning and ending balance to…
Schools of Promise: A School District-University Partnership Centered on Inclusive School Reform
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Causton-Theoharis, Julie; Theoharis, George; Bull, Thomas; Cosier, Meghan; Dempf-Aldrich, Kathy
2011-01-01
A university-school district partnership, Schools of Promise (SOP), was formed to improve elementary schools for all children through whole-school reform. This effort focused on the concepts of belonging and inclusion, positioning the needs of marginalized students at the center of the reform through a university-facilitated restructuring of…
States Train Sights on School Districts for Interventions
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Olson, Lynn
2004-01-01
After years of trying to fix trouble schools one at a time, a number of states are weighing stronger measures for intervening in low-performing school districts. The shift is seen as a response to the federal No Child Left Behind Act. States are turning in a bigger way to district-level strategies, in part because as their own accountability…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2010
2010-01-01
Each district that participated in the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) 2009 Trial Urban District Assessment in reading receives a one-page snapshot report that presents key findings and trends in a condensed format. This report presents the results for San Diego Unified School District's student achievement in reading. In 2009,…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2010
2010-01-01
Each district that participated in the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) 2009 Trial Urban District Assessment in reading receives a one-page snapshot report that presents key findings and trends in a condensed format. This report presents the results for San Diego Unified School District's student achievement in reading. In 2009,…
Decision-Making Processes in Texas School Districts That Arm Personnel
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Domain, Melinda Willoughby
2014-01-01
This qualitative phenomenological study employed narrative inquiry to describe the decision-making processes that Texas school districts followed in enacting firearms policies that allow school employees to carry concealed weapons on district property. Exploration of the lived experiences of eight Texas superintendents in such schools contributed…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
John W. Gardner Center for Youth and Their Communities, 2015
2015-01-01
Oakland is home to one of the most demographically diverse populations in the country, with residents of different racial, ethnic, national, linguistic, and other cultural groups. In response to these vast disparities, in 2010, Oakland Unified School District (OUSD) launched an initiative to transform all district schools into full service…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Libka, Robert J.
2012-01-01
Frequent changes in school district superintendents may be having a detrimental impact on student achievement. Rapid changes in leadership today parallel the present (NCLB) era of high stakes state assessments. The goal of the study was to provide correlation research that would have a positive effect on school district management, superintendent…
Preparation of School District Budgets with Microcomputer Electronic Spreadsheets.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hinitz, Herman J.; Gourley, Marlene Fisher, Ed.
1996-01-01
School districts prepare annual budgets in order to have adequate funding available for their operations. Today's budgets require flexibility and adaptability as school-district finances and governmental regulations and guidelines change. This article discusses several types of budgets and budget preparation that utilize microcomputer technology.…
A Study of Terrorism Emergency Preparedness Policies in School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Umoh, Emmanuel
2013-01-01
The threat of terrorism is a concern in public facilities including schools. This study focused on school districts in a southwestern state. Terrorism emergency preparedness policies are well-documented as measures to protect students and staff in school districts from terrorism threats and vulnerabilities. However, those threats and…
The Development Effectiveness Management Model for Sub-District Secondary School
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Butsankom, Akachai; Sirishuthi, Chaiyuth; Lammana, Preeda
2016-01-01
The purposes of this research were to study the factors of effectiveness management model for subdistrict secondary school, to investigate current situations and desirable situations of effectiveness management model for sub-district secondary school, to develop the effectiveness management model for sub-district secondary school and to study the…
H2O: A Hampton University-Hampton School District Outreach Program
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Gueye, Paul; Young, William
2011-04-01
For many years, Hampton University (HU, Hampton, VA) has been collaborating with local schools of the Hampton City School District (HCS) in various areas that foster science education. This partnership between an HBCU and a local school district has been extended to a new level through a novel K-12 initiative:Hampton University-Hampton School District Outreach (H2O) program. This effort will target 9 schools out of the 34 schools from HCS, involve a total of 25 graduate students (5/year), 25 junior and senior undergraduate students (5/year) and 102 teachers (3/school). Faculty and students from seven STEM fields at HU will contribute by reaching out to Departments offering MS and PhD degrees in these areas. In addition to providing teaching experience to students, H2O will infuse research within the classrooms and offer a teacher professional development program, G5-12 students will present some research conducted throughout the year at a dedicated conference at HU and at the National Society of Black Physicists annual meeting, and a dedicated 2-day workshop in the fall with K-12 educators will provide a platform to share some outcomes of H2O. This program has reached out to several societies (NSBP, NSHP, APS, AAPT and AAPM) as a vehicle for teacher professional training, along with including an international component with Canada, France and Senegal. A review of recent collaborations and outcomes from this partnership will be provided and the status of the H2O program will be presented.
Hoffman, Pamela K.; Davey, Cynthia S.; Larson, Nicole; Grannon, Katherine Y.; Hanson, Carlie; Nanney, Marilyn S.
2016-01-01
Weight-related outcomes were examined among high school students in Minnesota public school districts according to the quality of district wellness policies. Wellness policy strength and comprehensiveness were scored using the Wellness School Assessment Tool (WellSAT) for 325 Minnesota public school districts in 2013. The associations between WellSAT scores and district-level means of high school student responses to a statewide survey of health behaviors were examined in this ecologic study. WellSAT Total Strength and Total Comprehensiveness scores were positively associated with both student mean Body Mass Index (BMI) percentile (Strength: P = 0.018, Comprehensiveness: P = 0.031) and mean percent overweight or obese (Strength: P = 0.008, Comprehensiveness: P = 0.026), but only in districts with >50% of students eligible for Free or Reduced-Price Lunches (FRPLs), or ‘high FRPL districts’. WellSAT Physical Education and Physical Activity subscale scores were also positively associated with the mean days per week students engaged in physical activity for ≥ 60 min in high FRPL districts (Strength: P = 0.008, Comprehensiveness: P = 0.003) and in low FRPL districts (<35% eligible) for Strength score: (P = 0.027). In medium FRPL districts (35–50% eligible), Nutrition Education and Wellness Promotion Strength and Comprehensiveness subscale scores were positively associated with, respectively, daily servings of vegetables (P = 0.037) and fruit (P = 0.027); and WellSAT Total scores were positively associated with daily vegetable servings (Strength: P = 0.037, Comprehensiveness: P = 0.012). Administrators of economically disadvantaged school districts with a higher percentage of overweight students may be recognizing the need for stronger wellness policies and the specific importance of implementing policies pertaining to physical activity as a means to improve student health. PMID:26850060
Determining Dropout Rates in Large City School Districts: Problems and Accomplishments.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Frymier, Jack
As part of an effort to reduce high school dropout rates in large city school districts, Phi Delta Kappa, the National Association of Secondary School Principals, the Council of Great City Schools, and a group of large city school districts undertook an effort to determine baseline statistics in high schools in large cities by using standardized…
School District Reorganization: Can Small Schools Compete? A Position Paper.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mack, David P.; Lederman, Alfred T.
The following position statements regarding school reorganization are discussed in chapter-by-chapter sequence within the paper: (1) It is the responsibility of all schools, regardless of size, to prepare students adequately to live full and productive lives in a rapidly changing world. (2) In New York State, school district reorganization, while…
Profiles of Alaska's Public School Districts. Fiscal Year 1989.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Alaska State Dept. of Education, Juneau.
This publication summarizes data gathered by Alaska's State Department of Education on school operations, facilities, programs, students, and personnel in each of Alaska's school districts. For each of the 55 districts that existed in 1989, the information is grouped into six subject headings: background, operating revenues and expenditures,…
School district resources and identification of children with autistic disorder.
Palmer, Raymond F; Blanchard, Stephen; Jean, Carlos R; Mandell, David S
2005-01-01
We estimated the effect of community and school district resources on the identification of children with autistic disorder. Latent growth curve regression models were applied to school district-level data from one large state. The rate of identification of autistic disorder increased on average by 1.0 child per 10000 per year (P<.001), with statistically significant district variation. After adjustment for district and community characteristics, each increase in decile of school revenue was associated with an increase of 0.16 per 10000 children identified with autistic disorder. The proportion of economically disadvantaged children per district was inversely associated with autistic disorder cases. District revenue was associated with higher proportions of children identified with autistic disorder at baseline and increasing rates of identification when measured longitudinally. Economically disadvantaged communities may need assistance to identify children with autistic spectrum disorders and other developmental delays that require attention.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rice, John; Huang, Min
2015-01-01
Clark County School District (CCSD) asked the Western Regional Education Laboratory (REL West) to examine the relationship between spending per pupil and Nevada School Performance Framework (NSPF) index scores in the district's schools. Data were examined from three school years (2011/12, 2012/13, 2013/14) and for three types of schools…
The Exit Poll: An Environmental Scanning Technique for School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
House, Jess E.
1989-01-01
Exit polling of school district election returns is a form of environmental scanning that can provide information needed for strategic planning and be used to increase the effectiveness of school election campaigns. This technique is recommended for all school districts dependent on voter approval to meet revenue needs. (11 references) (MLH)
Against the Odds: Insights from One District's Small School Reform
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cuban, Larry; Lichtenstein, Gary; Evenchik, Arthur; Tombari, Martin; Pozzobini, Kristen
2010-01-01
"Against the Odds" offers an in-depth look at the Mapleton, Colorado, school district's transformation of two traditional high schools into seven small schools, each enrolling fewer than four hundred students. This even-handed account chronicles both the heartening successes and frequent frustrations of a district-wide embrace of the…
New Small Autonomous Schools District Policy. Revised.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Oakland Unified School District, CA.
Inspired by the gains in student achievement realized by the small schools movement in New York City, the Oakland Unified School District (California) has proposed creating a network of 10 new, small autonomous (NSA) schools over the next 3 years. School size will range between 250 and 500 students, depending on grade level. "Autonomous"…
Patterns of Local Intergovernmental Cooperation in Illinois School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wilkey, Kathleen M.
2014-01-01
This study identified the use of intergovernmental cooperatives in Illinois school districts as a resource to improve the budget process. More specifically, the study focused on the types of intergovernmental cooperatives in Illinois school districts and the reason for entering into the cooperatives. The results of this research suggest that…
Potential Synergy: Rural School Districts and International Student Programs
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Casto, Hope G.; Steinhauer, Alexandra; Pollock, Pamela M.
2012-01-01
Many rural school districts face declining enrollments. A few districts have taken the unusual path of recruiting international students in order to boost their enrollments. This study examines a community using this strategy and the resulting financial, academic, and social situations for the school, community, and students, both local and…
Controlling Special Education Costs at the School District Level.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Morgan, W. Daniel
1992-01-01
Describes the financing of a New York school district for emotionally disturbed children. Summarizes suggestions for controlling special education costs at the district level obtained from a nationwide sample of school business officials. Among the suggestions offered are to include a review of private placements and an annual caseload review,…
Making Good Choices: Districts Take the Lead. Comprehensive School Reform.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
North Central Regional Educational Lab., Oak Brook, IL.
Public schools across the country are aiming to improve student performance by engaging in comprehensive school reform (CSR). This guide was created to help school districts make CSR an integral part of their strategies for improving student achievement. Five components for CSR are described: (1) Strategizing, whereby the district supports CSR by…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fitzwater, C. O.
1958-01-01
The establishment of soundly organized local districts for administering the schools has long been a major problem in American education. Methods of dealing with this problem have varied greatly ranging from compulsory reorganization of districts by legislative decree to dependence upon highly permissive laws to be used or ignored as local people…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Player, Daniel; Hambrick Hitt, Dallas; Robinson, William
2014-01-01
This guide provides state education agencies (SEAs) and districts (LEAs) with guidance about how to assess the district's readiness to support school turnaround initiatives. Often, school turnaround efforts focus only on the school's structure and leadership. Rarely do policymakers or practitioners think about school turnaround as a system-level…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ferguson, Ronald F.
This survey presents statistics on secondary school student culture by school district and race/ethnicity, using data from approximately forty thousand secondary school students in Minority Student Achievement Network districts. Information is presented in six areas: (1) "Family Background Resources and Living Arrangements (racial/ethnic…
Wireless Wide Area Networks for School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nair, Prakash
This paper considers a basic question that many schools districts face in attempting to develop affordable, expandable district-wide computer networks that are resistant to obsolescence: Should these wide area networks (WANs) employ wireless technology, stick to venerable hard-wired solutions, or combine both. This publication explores the…
Hidalgo School District Supports All Students
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nodine, Thad R.
2012-01-01
In 2005, the Hildago (Texas) Independent School District, in partnership with the University of Texas-Pan American, the University of Texas System, the Communities Foundation of Texas/Texas High School Project, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, promised that all of its students would earn college credits before graduating from high…
Predictor Implementation School/District Self-Assessment
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Post-School Outcomes Center, 2013
2013-01-01
The checklist provided here is intended to provide schools, districts, or other stakeholders in secondary transition with a framework for determining the degree to which their program is implementing practices that are likely to lead to more positive post-school outcomes for students with disabilities. The predictor categories listed have been…
Oregon School and District Report Card Policy and Technical Manual
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Oregon Department of Education, 2012
2012-01-01
The school and district report cards were created by the 1999 Oregon Legislature. The legislation requires that the Oregon Department of Education (ODE) produce and issue a report card to all public schools and districts in the state. The report cards are designed to: (1) Communicate the many good things occurring in Oregon's public schools; (2)…
Board Members, the Public, and Fiscal Welfare of School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Vincent, William S.
1967-01-01
The ways in which the following three factors influence a large-city school district's "fiscal performance" are investigated: (1) The educational and occupational status of school board members, (2) the effect of public vote on the budget, and (3) the effect of the size of the school district. A regression of certain budget approval variables,…
An Analysis of Community Use Policies in Missouri School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Eyler, Amy A.; Swaller, Erin M.
2012-01-01
Background: Joint use or community use policies are state-, district-, or school-level policies that allow for shared use of space or facilities between a school and a city or private organization. For this study, we (1) created an inventory of community use policies within Missouri school districts; (2) analyzed the policies for content, and (3)…
Public School District Immunity Status in the United States.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kemper Insurance Group, Chicago, IL.
This paper compiles results of a State-by-State survey of public school district immunity. The survey sought to discover if (1) school districts in each State have governmental immunity for liability, (2) this immunity applies only to governmental activities or to proprietary activities also, (3) board members and employees have immunity, (4) the…
Near Death Experience: Treating a Financially Ill School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Miller, Norman
1994-01-01
After Proposition 13 passed in California, a series of 19 major bills imposed fiscal limits on the K-12 school system. One action is assigning a fiscal advisor to assume control in a district in financial distress. Lists the symptoms of a financially ill school district and highlights 24 items of a recovery plan. (MLF)
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Burzichelli, Claudia; Mackey, Philip E.; Bausmith, Jennifer
2011-01-01
The current study replicates work of Regional Educational Laboratory (REL) Northeast and Islands. It describes dropout prevention programs in nine Mid-Atlantic Region (Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania) school districts serving communities with populations of 24,742-107,250 (as of July 2008). All nine…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
California Association of School Business Officials, Sacramento.
This publication is designed to provide school district administrators and boards of education with information they can use in developing, administering, and evaluating their district's risk management needs. In particular, it is meant to help school officials 1) identify local insurance needs consistent with California's statutory requirements,…
Educational Specifications, New Caney Independent School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Houston Univ., TX. Bureau of Educational Research and Services.
A year-long study of the communities encompassed by the New Caney Independent School District in Montgomery County, Texas, was conducted by the College of Education at the University of Houston. Educational facilities and program were surveyed. Planning data included--description of district, land usage, pupil residence, population density and…
Wanted: Schools Chiefs for Big-Name Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Zubrzycki, Jaclyn
2013-01-01
Districts across the country, including some of the nation's largest, are facing a spate of superintendent vacancies. Schools chiefs or interim superintendents will be leaving this year or next in at least 17 well-known districts, including Baltimore, Maryland; Boston, Massachusetts; Clark County, Nevada; Indianapolis, Indiana; and Wake County,…
School Attendance and the District Budget
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Joubert-Guillory, Julie
2009-01-01
House Bill 1 became a major piece of legislation in Texas a few years ago. It was designed primarily to address public school finance, property tax relief, public school accountability, and education-related matters. This piece of legislation has forced districts to manage their finances very differently, undergo budget reductions, and continue…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Walker, Elaine M.
2002-01-01
Studied the implementation of school-based management in 30 of the poorest school districts in New Jersey (the Abbott districts). Findings show that genuine autonomy has been usurped by increased state power and authority, and that state elites allow little opportunity for capacity building at the district level. The level of democratization has…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Slaven, Chip; Hall, Sara; Schwartzbeck, Terri Duggan; Jones, Rachel; Wolf, Mary Ann
2013-01-01
The Dysart Unified School District (Dysart) in Arizona covers 140 square miles and serves numerous communities, including the cities of Surprise and El Mirage and some unincorporated areas of Maricopa County. At one time the fastest-growing school system in Arizona, Dysart has tripled in size since 2000. The district continues to grow, and in…
Budget Allocation by School Districts: An Analysis of Spending for Teachers and Other Resources.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Barro, Stephen M.; Carroll, Stephen J.
The objective of this study is to provide partial answers to the question, "What would school districts buy if they were given additional funds?" The answers are potentially relevant to state and federal education policy-makers faced with the task of developing and implementing school finance reforms who must consider whether and under…
The Case for District-Based Reform: Leading, Building, and Sustaining School Improvement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Supovitz, Jonathan A.
2006-01-01
In 1999, the Duval County (Fla.) school system set out to improve every school in the district. Over the next five years, the district achieved stunning results that have drawn nationwide attention. Jonathan A. Supovitz uses the unfolding story of Duval County to develop a sophisticated and thoughtful analysis of the role of the school district in…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Health, Education, and Human Services Div.
This document contains a letter to members of the United States Senate reporting the information gathered from a study of five school districts' experiences funding technology programs. Appendices, which comprise the majority of the document, include the project scope and evaluation, and the reports from each school district. The five school…
K-12 Parents' Attitudes about Their School District's Mass Notification Service
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Downing, Joe R.
2011-01-01
The study examined K-12 parents' attitudes about their school district's mass notification service. Survey data were collected from 146 parents with at least one child who attended school in the district. During an emergency, most parents surveyed wanted their district to expand its mass notification service from landline phone only to also…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
2013-01-01
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), in partnership with the National Assessment Governing Board and the Council of the Great City Schools (CGCS), created the Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) in 2002 to support the improvement of student achievement in the nation's large urban districts. NAEP TUDA results in mathematics…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
2013-01-01
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), in partnership with the National Assessment Governing Board and the Council of the Great City Schools (CGCS), created the Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) in 2002 to support the improvement of student achievement in the nation's large urban districts. NAEP TUDA results in mathematics…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
2013-01-01
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), in partnership with the National Assessment Governing Board and the Council of the Great City Schools (CGCS), created the Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) in 2002 to support the improvement of student achievement in the nation's large urban districts. NAEP TUDA results in mathematics…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
2013-01-01
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), in partnership with the National Assessment Governing Board and the Council of the Great City Schools (CGCS), created the Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) in 2002 to support the improvement of student achievement in the nation's large urban districts. NAEP TUDA results in mathematics…
School District Reorganization. Educational Management Review Series Number 12.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Templeton, Ian
This review surveys recent documents previously announced in RIE that are concerned with school district reorganization. The review begins with a survey of literature on three interrelated variables that affect district consolidation and redistricting -- district size, educational quality, and educational costs. Succeeding sections present a…
School Districts Can Stretch the School Dollar
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Petrilli, Michael J.
2012-01-01
Many districts continue to face budget challenges of historic proportions. Decisions made in the coming months will carry significant repercussions for years to come. The path of least resistance is to slash budgets in ways that erode schooling. In this scenario, important reforms are left behind, overall services are diminished, innovations are…
Partnership Schools: New Governance Models for Creating Quality School Options in Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gill, Sean; Campbell, Christine
2017-01-01
In at least ten cities across the country, there are schools that operate under some sort of partnership school model: a "third way" governance strategy that breaks through district-charter divides that could help improve struggling schools or increase the number of quality school options in a neighborhood. Like charter schools,…
Discipline for Democracy? School Districts' Management of Conflict and Social Exclusion
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bickmore, Kathy
2004-01-01
An examination of six urban Canadian school districts' policies and co-curricular programs for safe and inclusive schools shows contrasting implicit patterns of citizenship education. Peacekeeping-oriented districts relied heavily on standardized control and exclusion to achieve school safety and allocated few resources to affirming diversity.…
How Small School Districts Can Organize to Afford Their Small Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Burton, Christine
2010-01-01
While the research continues to mount on the benefits of school downsizing and decentralizing efforts in urban areas, there exists a paradox for small school Administrators who continue to struggle against forces of consolidation. Small schools in rural and suburban districts have fought for their existence against the pressures of consolidation…
Re-Imagining School Leadership Preparation to Restore a Failing School District: A Case Study
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lightfoot, Jonathan; Thompson, Eustace
2014-01-01
This case study report will identify modifications made to a traditional leadership program's structures and the effects of the work on faculty perceptions of non-traditional doctoral programs. Union Free School District is the only school district to ever be taken over by the state. A nearby university's research-based educational leadership…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Moten, Anthony C.
2015-01-01
This phenomenological narrative study was designed to investigate superintendents' and school board presidents' perception related to the influence of school boards on school district performance. Participants were three superintendents and three school board presidents whose districts were recognized as met standards for the 2014-2015 academic…
Small Districts in Big Trouble: How Four Arizona School Systems Responded to Charter Competition.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hess, Frederick; Maranto, Robert; Milliman, Scott
2001-01-01
Examined the responses to charter school competition of four small Arizona school districts. Overall, districts lost students to charter schools because they did not satisfy significant constituencies. Their responses depended on overall enrollment trends, quality of charter competition, quality of district leadership, and district size. Responses…
Differences in Middle School Science Achievement by School District Size
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mann, Matthew James; Maxwell, Gerri M.; Holland, Glenda
2013-01-01
This study examined differences in Texas middle school student achievement in science by school district enrollment size. Quantitative research utilized analysis of variance to determine whether significant differences existed between student achievement on the 2010 Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills 8th grade science results and four school…
Making Use of District and School Data
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Parke, Carol S.
2012-01-01
This paper describes how districts can better use their extensive student databases and other existing data to explore questions of interest. School districts are required to maintain a wealth of student information in electronic data systems and other formats. The meaningfulness of the data depends to a large degree on whether they can understand…
District and School Profiles 2014-2015
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Houston Independent School District, 2015
2015-01-01
The Houston Independent School District's (HISD) goal is to produce capable, confident young adults who are poised to excel in whatever they do. Whether they emerge from high school with dreams of pursuing higher education or choose to enter the workforce immediately, HISD wants its graduates to be ready to succeed. One way they assess their…
The Creative Cost Management Strategies of Two School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pheasant, Marilyn
1984-01-01
Two Oregon schools districts that have been effective in managing their resources are Reedsport, a smaller district and the subject of part 1 of this bulletin; and Beaverton, one of the largest districts in the state, the focus of part 2. The Reedsport district plans the use of its funds based on a goal-setting process in the areas of instruction,…
Creating Technology Infrastructures in a Rural School District: A Partnership Approach.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Jensen, Dennis
Rural schools face significant challenges in upgrading their technology infrastructures. Rural school districts tend to have older school buildings that have multiple problems and lack climate control, adequate space, and necessary wiring. In rural districts, it may be difficult to find the leadership and expertise needed to provide professional…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sharp, John
This report provides a performance review of a Texas school district. For the review, investigators interviewed district employees, school-board members, students, parents, business leaders, and representatives from community organizations. The review team also held public forums, conducted focus-group sessions and personal interviews, surveyed…
Mental Health Program for Sacramento Unified School District Elementary School Principals.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Davis, Robert F.
This study reports on the development of a professionally prepared and delivered mental health program addressed to the needs and interests of elementary principals in a California school district. The needs of the principals were identified at a series of meetings with the district's principals association in which 15 program goals were…
School District Resources and Identification of Children With Autistic Disorder
Palmer, Raymond F.; Blanchard, Stephen; Jean, Carlos R.; Mandell, David S.
2005-01-01
Objectives. We estimated the effect of community and school district resources on the identification of children with autistic disorder. Methods. Latent growth curve regression models were applied to school district–level data from one large state. Results. The rate of identification of autistic disorder increased on average by 1.0 child per 10000 per year (P<.001), with statistically significant district variation. After adjustment for district and community characteristics, each increase in decile of school revenue was associated with an increase of 0.16 per 10000 children identified with autistic disorder. The proportion of economically disadvantaged children per district was inversely associated with autistic disorder cases. Conclusions. District revenue was associated with higher proportions of children identified with autistic disorder at baseline and increasing rates of identification when measured longitudinally. Economically disadvantaged communities may need assistance to identify children with autistic spectrum disorders and other developmental delays that require attention. PMID:15623872
Study of School District Administration and Staffing.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Colorado State Dept. of Education, Denver.
School district administration and staffing patterns are examined in this report prepared in response to CRS 22-2-118, which requires the Colorado Department of Education to conduct a study to determine where savings of state and local funds may be realized. Section 1 offers an analysis of district staffing patterns from existing data. The second…
School District Variation in Parental Influence on Underage Drinking Behaviors.
Tseng, Fang-Yi; Chen, Kuang-Hung; Liu, Chieh-Yu; Chen, Wei J; Chen, Chuan-Yu
2017-09-01
We examined the relationship between alcohol-specific and nonalcohol-specific parental characteristics with occasional alcohol drinking in early adolescence and probed potential school district variation. A total of 1,581 fourth and sixth graders (age range: 10-12 years) were ascertained from 17 elementary schools in a cohort study conducted in northern Taiwan in 2006, with three waves of follow-up between 2007 and 2009. Information on alcohol-specific and nonalcohol-specific parental attributes was obtained from the first two waves of self-administered paper-and-pencil questionnaires; occasional drinking, defined by having drunk on three or more occasions in the past year, was assessed at fourth wave. School district characteristics were retrieved from official statistics and self-report. Multilevel analyses were used to evaluate strength of association, with stratification by disadvantaged status of school districts. Thirteen percent (95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.1%-15.8%) of young adolescents reported to drink occasionally; higher grade level, childhood drinking experience, lower parental education, maternal drinking, and positive parental attitude toward drinking were significant predictors. Nonalcohol parental predictors, including not living with both parents (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.21-4.53) and parental involvement/reinforcement (aOR = .44; 95% CI = .22-.87), were only significant for the children of socioeconomically disadvantaged school districts. As to alcohol-specific parental characteristics, the effects of maternal drinking appear more salient in socioeconomically advantaged school districts (aOR = 2.63; 95% CI = 1.66-4.18). Alcohol-specific and nonalcohol-specific parental influence may operate differentially across school districts sub-grouped by socioeconomic attributes. Preventive strategies raising the awareness of underage drinking and strengthening parenting skills should be devised and implemented in the
Analysis of School Finances in New York State School Districts, 2013-14
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
New York State Education Department, 2016
2016-01-01
The "Analysis of School Finances in New York State School Districts" is an annual publication providing a meaningful perspective to staff in the Division of the Budget, the Legislature, the Education Department, and school officials concerning school expenditures, State Aid, and local support. This edition of the Analysis summarizes the…
Analysis of School Finances in New York State School Districts, 2014-15
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
New York State Education Department, 2017
2017-01-01
The "Analysis of School Finances in New York State School Districts" is an annual publication providing a meaningful perspective to staff in the Division of the Budget, the Legislature, the Education Department, and school officials concerning school expenditures, State Aid, and local support. This edition of the Analysis summarizes the…
The Impact of Centralization on Local School District Governance in Canada
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Galway, Gerald; Sheppard, Bruce; Wiens, John; Brown, Jean
2013-01-01
Across Canada there have been numerous recent examples of incidents where the political and ideological interests of provincial governments have run counter to the mandates of school districts. In this pan-Canadian study, focus groups were conducted with school board trustees and school district superintendents to examine the relationships between…
Deficit Financing of Schools? The Impact of Statutory Change on School District Borrowing Behavior.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Edlefson, Carla
In the 70s and 80s, Ohio relaxed its balanced-budget laws to give school districts more options for borrowing over the end of the fiscal year. Two provisions that permit districts to borrow against next year's revenues in order to balance the current year's budget include the Emergency School Advancement program and the Spending Reserve. This…
How Do School Districts Mentor New Teachers? REL 2016-125
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
DeCesare, Dale; Workman, Simon; McClelland, Abby
2016-01-01
This report provides a snapshot of school district policies for mentoring new teachers in five Regional Educational Laboratory Central states (Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota). State education agencies collected survey data from school districts on who provides mentoring, how time spent mentoring changes after the first…
Beacon Charter School Needs a School: A Case of Capital Outlay of Charters in a Public District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wronowski, Meredith L.
2017-01-01
The case study presented below is a representation of a real-world, ongoing situation involving a public school district's capital outlay for charter schools within its boundaries. One particular charter, Beacon Charter School, was promised a permanent building by the public school district that also acts as its authorizer. However, recent events…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Busch, Douglas M.
2012-01-01
As school district revenues are reduced by state allocating agencies, local school district administrators and school boards frequently evaluate alternative sources of possible revenue. One emerging source of revenue that many school districts explore is a local education foundation. Local education foundations are 501(c)(3) nonprofit…
Home-School Relationships: Networking in One District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wanat, Carolyn Louise
2012-01-01
This article describes parents' and educators' perceptions of home-school relationships that benefited children and their families in one school district. Family involvement literature and social network theory, especially Burt's (2001) structural holes, served as the theoretical framework. In semistructured interviews, 39 participants, including…
Lin, Shao; Kielb, Christine L; Reddy, Amanda L; Chapman, Bonnie R; Hwang, Syni-An
2012-03-01
Good school indoor air quality (IAQ) can affect the health and functioning of school occupants. Thus, it is important to assess the degree to which schools and districts employ strategies to ensure good IAQ management. We examined and compared the patterns of IAQ management strategies between public elementary schools and their school districts in New York State. District-level information obtained from surveys of district facilities managers in 326 districts was described and stratified by district size and socioeconomic status. School-level information obtained from surveys of head custodians in 770 elementary schools was then compared with the district-level information in 241 districts. About 47% of participating school districts reported having a district-wide IAQ program, with a large range in the prevalence of specific IAQ management strategies. Airing out newly painted areas was the most commonly reported (92%) and having a classroom animal policy was the least commonly reported (29%). Larger districts and districts with a district-wide IAQ program were more likely to report certain IAQ strategies than other districts. Elementary schools and their districts were most likely to report airing out newly painted areas (76%). The most common area of disagreement was construction after hours (50%). The top strategy not reported at either level was having an IAQ coordinator (53%). Many school districts lack key IAQ management strategies, and differences exist between district-level policy and school-level practice. Districts and schools should work together to formalize and expand existing IAQ policies and inform stakeholders about these strategies. © 2012, American School Health Association.
Quality Management and System Change in Three Suburban Public School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Obisesan, Anthonia A.
This report examines the potential of Quality Management (QM) to enhance system change by analyzing its implementation in three suburban public school districts. The paper assessed the capacity of QM to increase the efficiency and productivity of the school districts, validated the potential to sustain systemic change in a school organization, and…
Coordinated School Health and the Contribution of a District Wellness Coordinator
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Westrich, Lisa; Sanchez, Monika; Strobel, Karen
2015-01-01
Background: A San Francisco Bay Area school health initiative was established in fall 2010 to improve wellness programs in 4 local school districts using the Coordinated School Health (CSH) model. This study examines the role of district-wide wellness coordinators and the ways in which they contribute to intentional coordination of health and…
Grant Funding to Implement PREPaRE Training in Your School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Paige, Leslie Z.
2010-01-01
Implementing an effective crisis management program in a school district has associated costs. The most precious resource in a school system is time. Time is necessary for acquiring and practicing new skills, and for developing and implementing strategies to introduce and expand the change throughout a school or district. Implementing an effective…
Kubik, Martha Y; Lytle, Leslie A; Farbakhsh, Kian
2011-01-01
The Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004 required school districts participating in the federal school meals program to establish by the start of the 2006-2007 school year policies that included nutrition guidelines for all foods sold on school campus during the school day and policy development involving key stakeholders. For many schools, policy development was done by wellness councils. This study examined the association between having a wellness council and availability of low-nutrient, energy-dense foods/beverages in school vending machines following enactment of the federal legislation. In 2006-2007, Minnesota middle (n=35) and high (n=54) school principals reported whether their school and district had a wellness council. Trained research staff observed foods/beverages in vending machines accessible to students. Low-nutrient, energy-dense foods/beverages (snacks >3 g fat or >200 calories/serving, and soda, fruit/sport drinks and reduced-fat/whole milk) were grouped into seven categories (eg, high-fat baked goods) and a food score was calculated. Higher scores indicated more low-nutrient, energy-dense vending fare. Multivariate linear regression, adjusted for school characteristics, was used to examine associations between scores and a three-category council variable (district-only; district and school; no council). Among schools, 53% had district-only councils, 38% district and school councils, and 9% had no council. Schools with both a district and school council had a significantly lower mean food score than schools without councils (P=0.03). The potential of wellness councils to impact availability of low-nutrient, energy-dense vending fare is promising. There may be an added benefit to having both a school and district council. Copyright © 2011 American Dietetic Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
What Works Clearinghouse, 2008
2008-01-01
The study examined whether charter schools have higher growth in student achievement than traditional public schools. The study analyzed data on 79 charter schools and 593 traditional public elementary, middle, and high schools in the Los Angeles Unified School District from 2005-06 to 2006-07. School-level academic achievement was measured using…
School Districts-University Partnerships: A College-Readiness Program
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Labas, Gladys; Minaya Rowe, Liliana
2010-01-01
This paper reports on how ten school districts and a state university system address a state-funded college readiness program for high school student achievement in mathematics and English. It addresses in qualitative and quantitative detail: (a) the school-university partnership designed to decrease the number of high school students that require…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Werner, Michael J.
2012-01-01
This dissertation presents a historical case study of the Egg Harbor Township School District bond referendum that passed with an exceptionally high 92 percent of votes in January 2005. The methodology used in this study resulted in both an examination of the components of the New Jersey Public School District bond referendum process as well as an…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Young, Kathleen D.; Snelling, Anastasia; Maroto, Maya; Young, Katherine A.
2013-01-01
Purpose/Objectives: In 2010, a large urban school district implemented a district-wide school wellness policy that addressed childhood obesity by requiring schools to increase health and physical education contact hours for students and to improve the nutritional standards of school meals. Schools were required to serve a different fruit and…
Kent Intermediate School District: From Invisible Agency to Power Player
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Koehler, Ronald
2009-01-01
Michigan's intermediate school districts were created by constitutional convention in 1962. Between their inception and 2000, few units of government were less visible and less understood. This article chronicles the emergence of one intermediate school district as an aggressive force for change in education and a locus of activity for community…
School District Approval for Staff Development: "Garbage Can" Decision-Making.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Furman, Gail Chase
This paper explores the decision-making process leading to school district approval for staff development. A retrospective field study approach was used to investigate the decision of a small, rural school district in eastern Washington (enrollment 2,200) to adopt a comprehensive English composition teaching program throughout the curriculum. This…
Accounting Systems for School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Atwood, E. Barrett, Jr.
1983-01-01
Advises careful analysis and improvement of existing school district accounting systems prior to investment in new ones. Emphasizes the importance of attracting and maintaining quality financial staffs, developing an accounting policies and procedures manual, and designing a good core accounting system before purchasing computer hardware and…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Simmons, Brandon Dean
2015-01-01
The purpose of this study was to determine the professional development needs of school-based leadership in preparation for a district-wide one-to-one initiative in a large urban school district. This study used an explanatory sequential mixed methods design to answer the three research questions that drove the study. Research for this study was…
Addison, Clifton C; Jenkins, Brenda W; White, Monique S; Young, Lavon
2006-09-01
This study examined the diet quality of the school meals in two Mississippi school districts and compared them to the national guidelines. We examined the lunch menus of the two school districts that participated in the National School Lunch Program and School Breakfast Program focusing on food quality and assessing both healthy and unhealthy foods and eating behaviors. This analysis was completed through a computerized review used to accurately determine the nutrient content. Both the standard and the alternative meals provided by the cafeterias in the two school districts exceeded the minimum requirement for calories for all grade levels. The meals from the urban schools cafeteria provide more calories than meals from the cafeteria in the rural school district. Although schools believe that they are making positive changes to children's diets, the programs are falling short of the nutrient recommendations. Poor nutrition and improper dietary practices are now regarded as important risk factors in the emerging problems of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and other chronic diseases, with excessive energy intake listed as a possible reason. Dieticians, school professionals and other health care practitioners need to accurately assess energy intake and adequately promote a dietary responsible lifestyle among children.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Burzichelli, Claudia; Mackey, Philip E.; Bausmith, Jennifer
2011-01-01
The current study replicates work of Regional Educational Laboratory (REL) Northeast and Islands. It describes dropout prevention programs in nine Mid-Atlantic Region (Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania) school districts serving communities with populations of 24,742-107,250 (as of July 2008). All nine…
High School Dropouts 1986-87. District Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Shainline, Michael
The district dropout rate for the Albuquerque Public Schools (APS) for school year 1986-87 was 8.03 percent. Because the New Mexico State Department of Education changed the categories for reporting the reason why a student dropped out, it is difficult to compare this figure to the 1985-86 rate. At the end of every school year the State Department…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
2013-01-01
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), in partnership with the National Assessment Governing Board and the Council of the Great City Schools (CGCS), created the Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) in 2002 to support the improvement of student achievement in the nation's large urban districts. NAEP TUDA results in mathematics…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
2013-01-01
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), in partnership with the National Assessment Governing Board and the Council of the Great City Schools (CGCS), created the Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) in 2002 to support the improvement of student achievement in the nation's large urban districts. NAEP TUDA results in mathematics…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
2013-01-01
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), in partnership with the National Assessment Governing Board and the Council of the Great City Schools (CGCS), created the Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) in 2002 to support the improvement of student achievement in the nation's large urban districts. NAEP TUDA results in mathematics…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
2013-01-01
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), in partnership with the National Assessment Governing Board and the Council of the Great City Schools (CGCS), created the Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) in 2002 to support the improvement of student achievement in the nation's large urban districts. NAEP TUDA results in mathematics…
Education Reform in New Orleans: Voices from the Recovery School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ciolino, Max S.; Kirylo, James D.; Mirón, Luis; Frazier, Kelly
2014-01-01
In the post-Katrina education landscape in New Orleans, teachers in charter schools and district-run schools in the Recovery School District are uniquely situated to provide a direct eyewitness account of the successes and failures of the city's new direction in public education. This narrative presents the opinions of teachers in a critical…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bishop, Janice Zissette
2009-01-01
This case study on the impact of a state takeover in one of South Carolina's most rural school districts ("referred to as the County School District") was completed using a quasi-experimental mixed methods design to examine the impact on academic achievement, school performance, and school leadership as a result of the South Carolina…
An Examination of State Takeover as a School Reform Strategy in a Small Rural School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Brookover, Chester Wayne
2010-01-01
The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore state takeover as a school reform strategy in a small rural school district. Since 1988, more than 50 U.S. school districts in 20 states have been subject to some form of state takeover. A number of factors generally contribute to a state takeover, some of which include: poor student…
Intervention in Deficient School Districts: Re-Establishing Effective Local Control.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cooperman, Saul
In the wake of January 1988 takeover legislation to improve education in the State of New Jersey, this paper describes and justifies the strict state three-tier monitoring system of school district educational standards. School districts that need improvement after the first level of monitoring must develop an improvement plan to overcome their…
A Study of the Predictability of School District Bond Ratings.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Vedra, Kenneth David
School district bond ratings, issued on request by Standard and Poor's Corporation or Moody's Investors Service, hold implications for school districts' financial management. Ultimately, the bond rating assigned is a factor affecting the total cost of the bond issuance, related to the principal and interest payments over the life of the debt. A…
Design of Novice Principal Induction for a Central North Carolina School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hicks, Edward L.
2017-01-01
School districts across the nation are grappling with the issue of high principal turnover coupled with a decrease in number of experienced applicants to fill vacancies (Guterman, 2007; Hall, 2008; Johnson, 2005; United States Department of Education, 2010; Villani, 2008). In addition, college preparation programs are being called into question as…
A Sense of Balance: District Aligns Personalized Learning with School and System Goals
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Donsky, Debbie; Witherow, Kathy
2015-01-01
This article addresses the challenge of personalizing learning while also ensuring alignment with system and school improvement plans. Leaders of the York Region District School Board in Ontario knew that what took their high-performing school district from good to great would not take it from great to excellent. The district's early model of…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sherman, Joel D.; Gregory, Barbra; Poirier, Jeffrey M.
This report is an annual collection of school district financial data. Specifically, this report presents analyses of school district revenues from the 1997-98 school year. The report is designed to address the following questions about the financing of public elementary and secondary education at the state and district levels: How much money per…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Reinagel, Tyler P.
2014-01-01
School districts across the United States are often forced into situations where limited public funds must be distributed among multiple districts. These are often reliant on distribution rates negotiated by district leadership and elected officials. An example of this is Georgia's 1% Education Local Option Sales Tax (ELOST). The tax is collected…
Jung, Sunyoung
2008-01-01
Objectives. We examined the association between county-level estimates of children's health status and school district performance in California. Methods. We used 3 data sources: the California Health Interview Survey, district archives from the California Department of Education, and census-based estimates of county demographic characteristics. We used logistic regression to estimate whether a school district's failure to meet adequate yearly progress goals in 2004 to 2005 was a function of child and adolescent's health status. Models included district- and county-level fixed effects and were adjusted for the clustering of districts within counties. Results. County-level changes in children's and adolescent's health status decreased the likelihood that a school district would fail to meet adequate yearly progress goals during the investigation period. Health status did not moderate the relatively poor performance of predominantly minority districts. Conclusions. We found empirical support that area variation in children's and adolescent's health status exerts a contextual effect on school district performance. Future research should explore the specific mechanisms through which area-level child health influences school and district achievement. PMID:18309137
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Prew, Martin; Quaigrain, Kenneth
2010-01-01
This article looks at a school management tool that allows school managers and education district offices to review the performance of their schools and use the broad-based data to undertake orchestrated planning with districts planning delivery based on the needs of schools and in support of school improvement plans. The review process also…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ba, Harouna; Meade, Terri; Pierson, Elizabeth; Ferguson, Camille; Roy, Amanda; Williams, Hakim
2009-01-01
Located in southern Mississippi, the Forrest County School District (FCSD) consists of six schools: three K-6 elementary schools, two K-8 elementary-middle schools, and one high school (grades 9-12), all of which have been involved in the Cisco Initiative since its inception. The district employed 16 administrators, 7 technology staff members, and…
Participation in Summer School and High School Graduation in the Sun Valley High School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Trujillo, Gabriel
2012-01-01
This study examines the effectiveness of a summer school credit recovery program in the Sun Valley High School District. Using logistic regression I assess the relationship between race, gender, course failure, school of origin and summer school participation for a sample of students that failed one or more classes in their first year of high…
COMMUNITY CONFLICT RELATED TO SCHOOL DISTRICT REORGANIZATION.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
JONASSEN, CHRISTEN T.
NORMATIVE SOCIAL AND CULTURAL FACTORS RELATING TO THE PROCESS OF SCHOOL REDISTRICTING AND CONSOLIDATION WERE IDENTIFIED AND DESCRIBED, AND SOME OF THE INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THESE FACTORS DETERMINED. SUCH DATA COULD BE USED DURING A SCHOOL DISTRICT REORGANIZATION PROCESS BY BOTH EDUCATORS AND ADMINISTRATORS TO MINIMIZE TENSION AND MITIGATE THE…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schuster, Bernard G.
2005-01-01
What happens to English academic achievement when valued class time is devoted to a foreign language in the elementary schools (FLES) program? Is there a reduction in achievement as suggested by a time-on-task hypothesis, or is there some form of compensation, as suggested by additive bilingualism? The school district in this study started a FLES…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Marsh, Julie A.; Strunk, Katharine O.; Bush, Susan
2013-01-01
Purpose: Despite the popularity of school "turnaround" and "portfolio district" management as solutions to low performance, there has been limited research on these strategies. The purpose of this paper is to address this gap by exploring the strategic case of Los Angeles Unified School District's Public School Choice…
School District Size and Academic Performance: A Multi-Year Study
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lenear, Bonnie Clariss
2013-01-01
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of school district size on the academic performance of Texas students. Specifically addressed was the extent to which differences in school district size were related to differences in student academic performance. The academic performance of the three major ethnic groups (i.e., Black,…
Building Teacher Quality in the Kansas City, Missouri School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Corso, Aileen; Franck, Valerie; Kelliher, Kate; McCorry, Betsy
2011-01-01
This study looks at the policies and practices shaping teacher quality in the Kansas City, Missouri School District (KCMSD). It is part of a series of analyses by the National Council on Teacher Quality (NCTQ) in school districts across the nation. Framing this analysis are five policy goals for improving teacher quality: (1) Staffing. Teacher…
Cultural Heterosexism and Silencing Sexual Diversity: Anoka-Hennepin School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Grozelle, Renee S.
2017-01-01
In less than 2 years, nine young people within one Minnesota school district committed suicide. As such, the bullying of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) youth in the Anoka-Hennepin School District continues to be an example of how embedded ideologies of some individuals can substantially impact the treatment of marginalized…
How School Districts Can Stretch the School Dollar. Policy Brief
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Petrilli, Michael J.
2012-01-01
While the economy may be turning around, local school districts nationwide continue to struggle mightily. The "new normal" of tougher budget times is here to stay for American K-12 education. So how can local officials cope? This policy brief provides a useful tool for navigating the financial challenges of the current school-funding climate,…
Nadeem, Erum; Ringle, Vanesa
2017-01-01
The de-adoption of evidence-based practices (EBPs) is a largely understudied topic. The present study examined factors related to the de-adoption of an EBP for students exposed to traumatic events in a large urban school district. Qualitative interviews conducted with school clinicians and district administrators two years after the district embarked on a large-scale roll-out of the EBP distinguished between factors that impacted partial de-adoption after one year (phase 1) and complete de-adoption by the district after two years (phase 2). Phase 1 factors included organizational consistency, workforce stability, prior success, positive student outcomes, school- and district- level supports, innovation-setting fit, and innovation-related issues. Phase 2 factors included district-level leadership changes, financial and workforce instability, and shifting priorities. Study results suggest that sustainment-enhancing strategies should be included in the early stages of program implementation to most effectively adapt to school- and system- level changes. PMID:28775793
Anchorage School District Profile of Performance, 1998-1999. Assessment and Evaluation Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fenton, Ray
The "Profile of Performance" is the Anchorage School District, Alaska, report card to the School Board and community on academic achievement. Part 1 of the report provides a summary of performance across the entire district on a variety of indicators of achievement. It includes an overview of district performance and an examination of…
Buller, David B; Reynolds, Kim D; Berteletti, Julia; Massie, Kim; Ashley, Jeff; Buller, Mary Klein; Meenan, Richard T
2018-01-18
Policy is a key aspect of school-based efforts to prevent skin cancer. We explored the extent and accuracy of knowledge among principals and teachers in California public school districts about the elements specified in their district's written sun safety policy. The sample consisted of California public school districts that subscribed to the California School Boards Association, had an elementary school, adopted Board Policy 5141.7 for sun safety, and posted it online. The content of each policy was coded. Principals (n = 118) and teachers (n = 113) in elementary schools were recruited from September 2013 through December 2015 and completed a survey on sun protection policies and practices from January 2014 through April 2016. Only 38 of 117 principals (32.5%) were aware that their school district had a sun protection policy. A smaller percentage of teachers (13 of 109; 11.9%) than principals were aware of the policy (F 108 = 12.76, P < .001). We found greater awareness of the policy among principals and teachers who had more years of experience working in public education (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, F 106 = 4.71, P = .03) and worked in schools with more non-Hispanic white students (OR = 7.65, F 109 = 8.61, P = .004) and fewer Hispanic students (OR = 0.28, F 109 = 4.27, P = .04). Policy adoption is an important step in implementing sun safety practices in schools, but districts may need more effective means of informing school principals and teachers of sun safety policies. Implementation will lag without clear understanding of the policy's content by school personnel.
Fund Raising in California School Districts. A Discussion Paper.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Allen, Thomas W.; Hughes, K. Scott
The results of a 1982 survey of California school districts concerning their efforts at private fundraising are presented here. It was found that 123 (or 61 percent) of responding districts either have programs or are planning programs. Although six districts raised more than $100,000 in 1981-82, the majority raised less that $20,000. Of the 66…
Review of the Organizational Structure and Operations of the Los Angeles Unified School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Council of the Great City Schools, 2006
2006-01-01
The Los Angeles Unified School District is the second largest public school system in the United States, and one of the largest organizations of any kind in the country. As with urban school systems across the country, the Los Angeles school district is under enormous pressure to improve. The district is under public scrutiny and is the subject of…
Strength and Comprehensiveness of School Wellness Policies in Southeastern US School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cox, Melissa J.; Ennett, Susan T.; Ringwalt, Christopher L.; Hanley, Sean M.; Bowling, James M.
2016-01-01
Background: In 2004, Congress passed legislation mandating that all public school districts participating in federal school meal programs develop a school wellness policy (SWP) to direct efforts related to nutrition and physical activity. We examined the extent to which SWPs varied in comprehensiveness and strength in a representative sample of…
Correlation of Sex Education and the Racial Composition of a School District
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Schaa, Kelly
The purpose of the project was to determine whether there was a correlation between the racial makeup of a school district and the decision to provide sex education in its schools. Interviews were conducted with six different school districts across Santa Clara County, California. After the interviews, it was determined that the racial diversity did not play a role in deciding if sex education would be taught. This researcher did learn that a lack of educational funding had an effect on the school districts and their decisions. Due to this lack of funding for schools, educational programs, such as sex education, were not being provided to the students.
School Districts Move to the Head of the Class with Propane
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
None
School districts across the country are under pressure to reduce their cost of operations and ensure their budgets are spent wisely. School bus fleets operate more than 675,000 buses in the United States, and many school districts have found the answer to their budget woes in the form of propane, or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Propane is a reliable, domestic fuel, and it's used in approximately 2% of school buses nationwide.
Case Studies of a Behavior Inclusion Model in an Elementary School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Santa Cruz, Margaret Escobar
2017-01-01
School discipline practices have traditionally been reactive and punitive in nature. Students violating a school district's code of conduct were often met with exclusionary discipline policies such as out-of-school suspensions, long-term suspensions, and expulsions. Districts attempted to resolve these practices by creating alternative education…
Addison, Clifton C.; Jenkins, Brenda W.; White, Monique S.; Young, Lavon
2006-01-01
This study examined the diet quality of the school meals in two Mississippi school districts and compared them to the national guidelines. We examined the lunch menus of the two school districts that participated in the National School Lunch Program and School Breakfast Program focusing on food quality and assessing both healthy and unhealthy foods and eating behaviors. This analysis was completed through a computerized review used to accurately determine the nutrient content. Both the standard and the alternative meals provided by the cafeterias in the two school districts exceeded the minimum requirement for calories for all grade levels. The meals from the urban schools cafeteria provide more calories than meals from the cafeteria in the rural school district. Although schools believe that they are making positive changes to children’s diets, the programs are falling short of the nutrient recommendations. Poor nutrition and improper dietary practices are now regarded as important risk factors in the emerging problems of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and other chronic diseases, with excessive energy intake listed as a possible reason. Dieticians, school professionals and other health care practitioners need to accurately assess energy intake and adequately promote a dietary responsible lifestyle among children. PMID:16968975
History of Medford School District Library Media Centers.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wisely, Steve
2002-01-01
Describes the development of library media centers, programs, and staff at the Medford School District (Oregon). Information from the standards and research used to define roles and responsibilities is summarized, and relevant Oregon state educational organizations are listed. Some of the results of the district's well-defined library programs and…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rushing, Keith; Nettles, Mary Frances; Johnson, James T.
2009-01-01
Purpose: To identify operational issues and practices associated with operating school nutrition (SN) programs in school districts with less than 30,000 student enrollment. Method: The survey was adapted from a similar study that explored operational issues in school districts with enrollments of 30,000 or more students. The survey asked SN…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schleisman, Jane L.; Peterson, Kristin A.; Davison, Mark L.
This report describes an investigation of the types of additional instructional opportunities and remediation efforts provided by Minnesota schools and districts for students who do not initially meet basic skill requirements in reading and/or mathematics in eighth grade. Primary research questions included: What additional instructional…
Gase, Lauren N.; McCarthy, William J.; Robles, Brenda; Kuo, Tony
2014-01-01
Objective We sought to characterize student receptivity to new menu offerings in the Los Angeles Unified School District by measuring the levels of fruit and vegetable waste after implementation of changes to the school lunch menu in fall 2011. Methods We measured waste at four randomly selected middle schools in the school district, using two sources: a) food prepared and left over after service (production waste); and b) food that was selected but not eaten by students (plate waste). Results 10.2% of fruit and 28.7% of vegetable items prepared at the four schools were left over after service. Plate waste data, collected from 2,228 students, suggest that many of them did not select fruit (31.5%) or vegetable (39.6%) items. Among students who did, many threw fruit and vegetable items away without eating a single bite. Conclusions Our findings suggest that fruit and vegetable waste was substantial and that additional work may be needed to increase student selection and consumption of fruit and vegetable offerings. Complementary interventions to increase the appeal of fruit and vegetable options may be needed to encourage student receptivity to these healthier items in the school meal program. PMID:24747044
Gase, Lauren N; McCarthy, William J; Robles, Brenda; Kuo, Tony
2014-10-01
We sought to characterize student receptivity to new menu offerings in the Los Angeles Unified School District by measuring the levels of fruit and vegetable waste after implementation of changes to the school lunch menu in fall 2011. We measured waste at four randomly selected middle schools in the school district, using two sources: a) food prepared and left over after service (production waste); and b) food that was selected but not eaten by students (plate waste). 10.2% of fruit and 28.7% of vegetable items prepared at the four schools were left over after service. Plate waste data, collected from 2228 students, suggest that many of them did not select fruit (31.5%) or vegetable (39.6%) items. Among students who did, many threw fruit and vegetable items away without eating a single bite. Our findings suggest that fruit and vegetable waste was substantial and that additional work may be needed to increase student selection and consumption of fruit and vegetable offerings. Complementary interventions to increase the appeal of fruit and vegetable options may be needed to encourage student receptivity to these healthier items in the school meal program. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The Need for District Support for School Reform: What the Researchers Say. Research Brief.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Appelbaum, Deborah
This article focuses on the school district's role in implementing Comprehensive School Reform (CSR). Research shows that effective district support for CSR varies from district to district. This is due, in part, to the fact that many prior models bypassed the district, operating under the belief that reform would be more effective if it targeted…
Review of "The Louisiana Recovery School District: Lessons for the Buckeye State"
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Buras, Kristen L.
2012-01-01
In "The Louisiana Recovery School District: Lessons for the Buckeye State," the Thomas B. Fordham Institute criticizes local urban governance structures and presents the decentralized, charter-school-driven Recovery School District (RSD) in New Orleans as a successful model for fiscal and academic performance. Absent from the review is…
Exploring the Space between: Social Networks, Trust, and Urban School District Leaders
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Daly, Alan J.; Finnigan, Kara S.
2012-01-01
A number of scholars are exploring the district context in which schools are embedded. These studies suggest the importance of the district office as a support or constraint to the work of schools and offer strategies for building relations between district and site leaders. While this is an important task, what is frequently overlooked is that…
Mississippi School Districts: Factors in the Disestablishment of Dual Systems. Final Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Palmer, James M.
This research is basically a search for a model to explain why some districts achieved a higher degree of desegregation than others in their efforts to disestablish the dual system. The population studied consists of all of the school districts in Mississippi, and the unit of analysis was the local school district. Three types of variables were…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sun, Min; Youngs, Peter
2009-01-01
This study used Hierarchical Multivariate Linear models to investigate relationships between principals' behaviors and district principal evaluation purpose, focus, and assessed leadership activities in 13 school districts in Michigan. The study found that principals were more likely to engage in learning-centered leadership behaviors when the…
Financial Accounting for New Jersey School Districts, 1984. The Audit Program. Draft.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
1984
Background information for the auditing of New Jersey School Districts is given. Included are chapters on the following: (1) a digest of the School Audit Law, Title 18A:23-1 to 18A:23-11; (2) directives to the Boards of Education; (3) school district bookkeeping; (4) scope of funds to be audited; (5) conducting the school audit; and (6) sample of…
District of Columbia Public Schools: School Year 2014-2015. Parental Right to Know Guide
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
District of Columbia Public Schools, 2014
2014-01-01
School-Parent Compacts are a component of school-level parental involvement policies, and must be developed by the school, teacher, and parents as a description of how parents, the entire school staff, and students themselves will work together for improved student academic achievement. This District of Columbia Public Schools School Year…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Johnson, Clarence; Kritsonis, William Allan
2007-01-01
This article addresses several key ongoing issues in a large urban school district. Literature focuses on what make a large urban school district effective in Human Resource Management. The effectiveness is addressed through recruitment and retention practices. A comparison of the school district with current research is the main approach to the…
Character Education by Design: A Blueprint for Successful District and School Initiatives
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Maryland State Department of Education, 2007
2007-01-01
Designed for district- and school-level character education committees, "Character Education by Design: A Blueprint for Successful District and School Initiatives" is a how-to guide for developing an effective character education initiative, one that will not only enhance the climate of the school and social behavior of the students, but…
Knowing the Odds: Parameters that Predict Passing or Failing School District Bonds
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bowers, Alex J.; Metzger, Scott Alan; Militello, Matthew
2010-01-01
This study investigates parameters affecting the likelihood of passing school facility construction bonds by local district election. Using statewide data from Michigan, this study analyzes school bond data for urban (n = 30), suburban (n = 164), small town (n = 70), and rural (n = 241) school districts that held capital improvement bond elections…
The Determinants of School District Salary Incentives: An Empirical Analysis of, Where and Why
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Martin, Stephanie M.
2010-01-01
Most public school districts in the United States use a salary schedule to determine compensation for teachers within the district. However, some school districts have implemented incentive pay schemes that allow flexibility at the school or even individual teacher level. These compensation schemes in some ways may more closely approximate a…
The Evolution of School Social Work Services in an Urban School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ayasse, Robert Henry; Stone, Susan I.
2015-01-01
The authors present a case history of the growth and development of school social work services between 2000 and 2012 in the San Francisco Unified School District. Responding to a gap in the literature describing growth of school social work services in local educational contexts, this case history reveals, consistent with prior research, that…
Building School Communities: A District Success Story.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Brown, Laura; Ushijima, Teri
This paper, provided by the vendor of the product being described, discusses a program implemented in the Central Oahu School District in Honolulu, Hawaii called "Tribes." The mission of Tribes is to promote the healthy development of every child in the school community so that each has the knowledge, skills, and resiliency to be…
School Districts, Communications, and Freedom of Information
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mawdsley, Ralph D.
2012-01-01
Virtually every state has a stature entitling public access to meetings of governing bodies, including school boards. The exchange of information between the district and the public is governed by a variety of statutes. These statutes reflect a policy whereby the business of school boards is to be transparent and exposed to public scrutiny. Three…
Characteristics of School Districts That Participate in Rigorous National Educational Evaluations
Stuart, Elizabeth A.; Bell, Stephen H.; Ebnesajjad, Cyrus; Olsen, Robert B.; Orr, Larry L.
2017-01-01
Given increasing interest in evidence-based policy, there is growing attention to how well the results from rigorous program evaluations may inform policy decisions. However, little attention has been paid to documenting the characteristics of schools or districts that participate in rigorous educational evaluations, and how they compare to potential target populations for the interventions that were evaluated. Utilizing a list of the actual districts that participated in 11 large-scale rigorous educational evaluations, we compare those districts to several different target populations of districts that could potentially be affected by policy decisions regarding the interventions under study. We find that school districts that participated in the 11 rigorous educational evaluations differ from the interventions’ target populations in several ways, including size, student performance on state assessments, and location (urban/rural). These findings raise questions about whether, as currently implemented, the results from rigorous impact studies in education are likely to generalize to the larger set of school districts—and thus schools and students—of potential interest to policymakers, and how we can improve our study designs to retain strong internal validity while also enhancing external validity. PMID:29276552
School Business Leadership: The Small School District Perspective
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schaefbauer, Christi J.
2012-01-01
Effective leadership is on everyone's mind this presidential election year as the country's citizens look for a strong candidate to guide them through the next four years. Effective leadership is just as critical in the nation's school districts where people prepare their young people to be the global citizens of tomorrow. In most school…
School District-College Collaboration in Research: A Case of Novice Researchers.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Siskind, Theresa G.; Leonard, Gary
1995-01-01
Reports on a collaborative effort between five graduate education students at the Citadel (Charleston, South Carolina) and the Berkeley County School District (South Carolina) in evaluating the district's in-school suspension programs. Comments from those involved in the project indicate that small, short-term projects between colleges and schools…
LEAVE POLICIES AND PRACTICES REPORTED BY CALIFORNIA SCHOOL DISTRICTS 1966-1967.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
GORDON, GARFORD G.
WHILE CALIFORNIA SCHOOL DISTRICTS MAY GRANT LEAVES FOR PURPOSES SPECIFIED IN THE EDUCATION CODE, THEY ARE ALSO AUTHORIZED TO GRANT LEAVES FOR OTHER REASONS. THE RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF THE CALIFORNIA TEACHERS ASSOCIATION AND THE CALIFORNIA ASSOCIATION OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS CONDUCTED A SURVEY OF DISTRICT POLICIES AND PRACTICES IN SELECTED…
Collaborating with the Community: Lessons from a Rural School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Walker, Anne
2012-01-01
This article, based on case study research, highlights how a rural school district in the midwestern United States collaborated with local community organizations to meet the needs of English language learners after the district and community experienced rapid ethnic diversification. In particular, the district EL coordinator spearheaded the…
Kentucky's Program for Educationally Deficient School Districts: A Case Study.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fry, Patricia; And Others
The development and implementation of Kentucky's Program for Educationally Deficient School Districts is examined in this case study. Implemented in 1987, the program required districts to meet certain performance, planning, and reporting criteria. Districts failing to comply could be placed in categories of noncompliance. Data were derived from…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Silvernail, David L.; Linet, Sarah R.
2014-01-01
The goal of this study was to: (1) identify challenges faced by Maine school districts in providing high quality public education; (2) describe the magnitude of the challenges; and (3) identify areas where school districts were experiencing some success in meeting these challenges. The School Districts Challenge Survey was distributed online to…
Bringing School Reform to Scale: Five Award-Winning Urban Districts. Educational Innovations
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Zavadsky, Heather
2009-01-01
"Bringing School Reform to Scale" looks in detail at five school districts that have been honored in recent years by The Broad Foundation, whose annual award is granted "each year to the urban school districts that demonstrate the greatest overall performance and improvement in student achievement while reducing achievement gaps among poor and…
IPM in Schools - Model Pesticide Safety and IPM Guidance Policy for School Districts
This model guidance for implementation of integrated pest management in schools can be used by administrators, educators, parents and others to help inform the development, adoption and improvement of policies for school districts.
Organizing Education: Schools, School Districts, and the Study of Organizational History
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Duke, Daniel L.
2015-01-01
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present a rationale for organizational histories of schools and school districts and discuss the findings of selected examples of the genre. Design/methodology/approach: The author presents a vignette of an organizational history, discusses key elements of the methodology, and offers seven ways in which…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Al dakeel, Taghreed M.; Almannie, Mohamed A.
2015-01-01
The general school district of Riyadh is one of largest in the country of (45) school districts in Saudi Arabia. The school districts play an important roles in the development of education, therefore the objective of the study is to examine the roles of the management in the school districts to see if it is achieving competitive advantage. After…
Impact of Function, Experience, and Training of School District Police on School Climate
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Denham, Magdalena
2013-01-01
Purpose: The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the impact that function, experience, and training of Independent School District School Resource Officers (ISD SROs) have on school climate. The participants were ISD SROs (n = 172) and teachers (n = 162) located in middle and high schools in Texas. Method: The Role of Law…
School District Size and the Deployment of Personnel Resources.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Daft, Richard L.; Becker, Selwyn W.
1978-01-01
The administrative component was found to receive a smaller proportion of salaries in large districts, while clerical and maintenance service proportions increased, producing a net effect of larger overhead costs in this study of high school districts in the midwestern U.S. (KR)
Communication: A Plan for Small School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Council of Communicators, Austin, TX.
Since communication is the working link between the school district and the community it serves, public school administrators serving small towns or rural areas are developing a planned program of two-way communication based on a clear policy statement adopted by the board of trustees which basically upholds the public's right to know. In order to…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Slaughter, Helen B.; And Others
Although many large districts have centrally organized their Chapter 1 (Education Consolidation and Improvement Act) compensatory programs at the district and project levels, elementary school improvement efforts are strongly tied to local school autonomy and principal leadership. This paper analyzes the Tucson (Arizona) Unified School District's…
An Analysis of ESL/Bilingual Education Policy in Oregon School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Smith, Mary E.; Heflin, John F.
A study of English-as-a-second-language (ESL) and bilingual education policies in Oregon's local school districts analyzed their contribution to equal educational opportunity and quality education for language minority students. A survey of all public school districts in the state elicited information about eight policy areas: identification and…
Segregation by District Boundary Line: The Fragmentation of Memphis Area Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Frankenberg, Erica; Siegel-Hawley, Genevieve; Diem, Sarah
2017-01-01
Boundary lines have long served as a mechanism to divide people, determining the quality of available resources, and ultimately, educational opportunity. In recent years, new school district boundaries have proliferated as local communities attempt to secede from larger school districts. In this study of Memphis-Shelby County, Tennessee, we extend…
School Districts and Student Achievement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chingos, Matthew M.; Whitehurst, Grover J.; Gallaher, Michael R.
2015-01-01
School districts are a focus of education reform efforts in the United States, but there is very little existing research about how important they are to student achievement. We fill this gap in the literature using 10 years of student-level, statewide data on fourth- and fifth-grade students in Florida and North Carolina. A variance decomposition…
The Fiscal Condition of School Districts in Nebraska: Is Small Beautiful?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ratcliffe, Kerri; And Others
1990-01-01
Using a methodology previously applied to municipalities, this paper examines the fiscal condition of Nebraska's school districts. Nebraska contains over 900 districts, ranging from very small to large full-service districts in Lincoln and Omaha. The largest and smallest districts are in best fiscal condition. State aid inequities could be…
Liberatos, Penny; Leone, Jennifer; Craig, Ann Marie; Frei, Elizabeth Mary; Fuentes, Natalie; Harris, India Marie
2013-12-01
School nurses play a central role in assisting elementary school children in managing their asthma, especially those in higher-risk school districts that are at increased risk of uncontrolled asthma. Study purposes are to (1) identify barriers to asthma management by school nurses in higher-risk school districts; and (2) assess the extent to which National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) recommendations are followed in these districts. School districts containing at least one zipcode with high asthma hospitalization rates among children (0-14 years) in a New York State county were identified. Nurses in 44 elementary schools were surveyed about asthma management during 2008. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. Study nurses learned of children with asthma mainly through school records and when students presented with symptoms rather than through parents. The major obstacles to asthma management were communication with parents and parental support. Reluctance of some physicians to diagnose asthma in these children presented a barrier and contributed to the nurses' ability to gain parental cooperation. Adherence to the NAEPP school recommendations was inconsistent. Improvement in the communication among parents, school nurses, and providers is critical to the improvement of asthma management for children in high-risk school districts. © 2013, American School Health Association.
School District Labour Conflict and Frame Analysis: A Field Study of Contentious Negotiations
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gates, Gordon S.; Vesneske, Staci S.
2012-01-01
Labour conflict in school districts is a largely neglected area of educational research. This study examines the perceptions, actions, and decisions of union and district leaders using social movement theory to describe, analyze, and interpret contentious contract negotiations in three school districts in the Pacific Northwest region of the US.…
Principals in the Pipeline: Districts Construct a Framework to Develop School Leadership
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mendels, Pamela
2012-01-01
A diverse school district hugging the eastern border of Washington, D.C., Prince George's County, has introduced rigorous hiring methods and other practices to boost the quality of leadership in its 198 schools. In so doing, the district has also earned a spot among the pioneers in efforts nationally to ensure that public schools are led by the…
Improving the Small Rural or Remote School: The Role of the District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Clarke, Simon; Wildy, Helen
2011-01-01
There is a robust body of work highlighting distinctive challenges encountered by leaders of small schools in pursuit of school improvement but this work has focused on the school as the unit of change and neglects the role of the district. As the district potentially influences what principals know and how they use their knowledge, this article…
Ohio's City-School District Income Tax: A Tale of Two Cities.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Busch, Ronald J.; Stewart, Douglas O.; Taub, Allan J.
1999-01-01
Summarizes alternative tax systems available to school districts in Ohio and reviews their development. Presents socioeconomic information about the populations of two Ohio towns, summarizes limitations of the property tax as the primary source of local school funds, and discusses implications of passing a city-district income tax in Euclid, Ohio.…
Evaluation Report of the Harlandale Independent School District's Bilingual Education Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Harrison, Helene W.
The 1973 report evaluates the Bilingual Education Program of Harlandale Independent School District. The bilingual program is designed for Spanish speaking pupils in grades K-5 (1,517 children in 8 of the district's 15 elementary schools) who have limited English-speaking ability. The 1972-73 project involved (1) development and revision of…
The Best of Both Worlds: School District-Charter Sector Boundary Spanners
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Yatsko, Sarah; Bruns, Angela
2015-01-01
A growing number of school districts are moving away from the idea that charter schools are the enemy. Instead, districts are breaking down barriers and openly discussing how to share resources, responsibilities, and knowledge of what works. This report explores a lesser-known form of knowledge transfer: the practice of superintendents looking…
The Microcomputer in the Small School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Whitworth, Jerry
1985-01-01
Small school district administrators can use microcomputers to improve their management abilities and productivity through computerized accounting, electronic mail and online subscription services, and the use of integrated software programs. (MD)
Pewaukee School District, Wisconsin. Case Study: Measures of Academic Progress
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Northwest Evaluation Association, 2015
2015-01-01
For more than a decade, Pewaukee School District Superintendent JoAnn Sternke has watched her district get better and better at its mission: opening the door to each student's future. The Wisconsin district began using Measures of Academic Progress® (MAP®) computer adaptive interim assessments from Northwest Evaluation Association™ (NWEA™) in 2004…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kelly, Christopher
2016-01-01
The purpose of this study was to examine the efforts of school districts in developing and sustaining their capacity to improve student achievement in response to increased accountability. The study sought to confirm what the research says regarding the role of the school district in influencing school improvement. While there is a significant…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Andry, Beverly Guillory
2011-01-01
The city of New Orleans has embarked on an historic experiment reinventing its schools--once considered among the worst in the country--from a centralized, single district model of education to a two district model in which both the Recovery School District (RSD) and the preexisting Orleans Parish School Board (OPSB) both operate direct run and…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lee, Victor R.; Leary, Heather M.; Sellers, Linda; Recker, Mimi
2014-01-01
When introducing and implementing a new technology for science teachers within a school district, we must consider not only the end users but also the roles and influence district personnel have on the eventual appropriation of that technology. School districts are, by their nature, complex systems with multiple individuals at different levels in…
Wang, Y Claire; Hsiao, Amber; Chamberlin, Peter; Largay, McKenzie; Archibald, Abbie; Malone, Andrew; Stevelos, JoAnn
2017-01-01
As part of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act, snacks, and desserts sold in K-12 schools as of the 2014-2015 school year are required to meet the "Smart Snacks" nutritional guidelines. Although studies exist in tracking progress in local and national efforts, the proportion of snack food procured by school districts compliant with the Smart Snacks standard prior to its full implementation is unknown. We repurposed a previously untapped database, Interflex, of public bid records to examine the nutritional quality of snacks and desserts procured by school districts. We selected 8 school districts with at least 90% complete data each year during 2011-2012, 2012-2013, and 2013-2014 school years and at locations across different regions of the United States. We quantified the amount of calories and sugar of each product contained in the won bids based on available online sources and determined whether the produce complied with Smart Snack guidelines. In all 8 districts (snack expenditure analyzed ranging from $152,000 to $4.4 million), at least 50% of snack bids were compliant with the US Department of Agriculture Smart Snacks standard during the 2013-2014 school year. Across sampled districts, we observed a general trend in lower caloric density (kcal per product) and sugar density (grams of sugar per product) over a 3-year period. Many districts across the country have made headway in complying with the Smart Snack guidelines, though gaps remain. © 2016, American School Health Association.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Mann, Matthew James
Rural and small schools have almost one-third of all public school enrollment in America, yet typically have the fewest financial and research based resources. Educational models have been developed with either the urban or suburban school in mind, and the rural school is often left with no other alternative except this paradigm. Rural based educational resources are rare and the ability to access these resources for rural school districts almost non-existent. Federal and state based education agencies provide some rural educational based programs, but have had virtually no success in answering rural school issues. With federal and state interest in science initiatives, the challenge that rural schools face weigh in. To align with that focus, this study examined Texas middle school student achievement in science and its relationship with school district enrollment size. This study involved a sequential transformative mixed methodology with the quantitative phase driving the second qualitative portion. The quantitative research was a non-experimental causal-comparative study conducted to determine whether there is a significant difference between student achievement on the 2010 Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills 8 th grade science results and school district enrollment size. The school districts were distributed into four categories by size including: a) small districts (32-550); b) medium districts (551-1500); c) large districts (1501-6000); and d) mega-sized districts (6001-202,773). A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to compare the district averages from the 2010 TAKS 8th grade science assessment results and the four district enrollment groups. The second phase of the study was qualitative utilizing constructivism and critical theory to identify the issues facing rural and small school administrators concerning science based curriculum and development. These themes and issues were sought through a case study method and through use of semi
Redefining the School District in America. Part Three of a Three-Part Series
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Smith, Nelson
2015-01-01
In "Redefining the School District in America," Nelson Smith reexamines existing recovery school districts (RSDs)--entities in Louisiana, Tennessee, and Michigan charged with running and turning around their state's worst schools--and assembles the most comprehensive catalog of similar initiatives underway and under consideration…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Santoro, Elizabeth A.
2011-01-01
This qualitative study explored the reasons why suburban district leaders opted for full-day or half-day kindergarten programming in a sample of four local suburban districts operating such programs in Southeastern, Pennsylvania. The primary data source was interviews with key district leaders including school board members, superintendents,…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
Gower, Amy L; Cousin, Molly; Borowsky, Iris W
2017-03-01
Although nearly all states in the United States require school districts to adopt anti-bullying policies, little research examines the effect of these policies on student bullying and health. Using a statewide sample, we investigated associations between the quality of school district anti-bullying policies and student bullying involvement and adjustment. School district anti-bullying policies (N = 208) were coded for their quality based on established criteria. District-level data were combined with student reports of bullying involvement, emotional distress, and school connectedness from a state surveillance survey of 6th, 9th, and 12th grade students (N = 93,437). Results indicated that policy quality was positively related to bullying victimization. Furthermore, students reporting frequent perpetration/victimization who also attended districts with high-quality policies reported more emotional distress and less school connectedness compared with students attending districts with low quality policies. Although statistically significant, the magnitude of these associations was small. Having a high-quality school district anti-bullying policy is not sufficient to reduce bullying and protect bullying-involved young people. Future studies examining policy implementation will inform best practices in bullying prevention. © 2017, American School Health Association.
Dissemination of School Finance Services in Urban School Districts. Final Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Goertz, Margaret E.
The project described in this paper was designed to test specific ways of improving the dissemination of school finance information in two big city school districts (St. Louis and Kansas City, Missouri), in order to enable them to compete more effectively for State aid. Part I presents the political and fiscal environment in which Kansas City and…
Networking Saves $$ for New York School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Forman, Kenneth
1983-01-01
Questions considered before purchasing a microcomputer network, a brief discussion of types of computer networks, and a summary of the information needs of New York City's School District 27 are included. (MBR)
Is Bigger Better? A Comparison of Rural School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Yan, Wenfan
2006-01-01
School district size is important to policymakers and educators who need to determine the most effective way to structure school organization. For more than 40 years, a growing body of research has focused on the relationship between school size and school effectiveness (Monk & Plecki, 1999). Early studies did not address the effect of school…
Dry Creek Joint Elementary School District. Educational Specifications: Dry Creek Middle School.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dry Creek Joint Elementary School District, Roseville, CA.
An Educational Specification Committee was convened to determine the design specifications required for a new middle school in Roseville, California's Dry Creek District. This report presents revisions to an earlier document that examined school room specifications for each grade level and administrative area. Specification considerations are…
The Art of Investing School District Funds: Rules of the Game.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Flynn, Jeffrey
The "art" of investment and the relationships between the cash manager and the outside professionals who implement the steps that entail cash management are the subjects of the 11 chapters of this guide to investing school district funds. Chapter 1 describes the role and responsibility of the small school district cash manager. Chapter 2 discusses…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Minnesota Department of Education, 2006
2006-01-01
The 2005 Minnesota First Special Session Laws, Chapter 5, Article 3, Section 17, established a Task Force on Delivery of Special Education to Non-Public School Students by Public School Districts to advise the commissioner on the delivery of special education to non-public school students by public school districts. The task force will make…
Factors Leading to Retention of School Librarian Positions: A School District Case Study
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ewbank, Ann Dutton
2010-01-01
In the past five years, the number of school librarians has greatly diminished despite valiant advocacy efforts by librarians, parents, and state and national library associations. This descriptive case study investigated the factors that led governing board members in a mid-sized urban high school district to retain certified school librarian…
How Within-District Spending Inequities Help Some Schools to Fail
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Roza, Marguerite; Hill, Paul Thomas
2004-01-01
School district budgets typically hide as much as they reveal. Superintendents are finding this as they discover huge deficits that nobody saw coming. District budgets are opaque by design, and they often mask important facts about resource allocation within a district, as well as about total spending. This paper reports the results of an original…
Economic Role of School Districts in Rural Communities.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sederberg, Charles H.
1987-01-01
Explores secondary economic effects of rural Minnesota school districts, including purchasing power of payrolls, employment, retail stimulus, recapture of taxes, property values, and banking services. Provides nontechnical approach to interpreting how school operations offset costs of rural education. Study can be replicated by rural educators.…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gray, Lucinda; Bitterman, Amy; Goldring, Rebecca
2013-01-01
This report presents selected findings from the Public School District Data File of the 2011-12 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). SASS is a nationally representative sample survey of public and private K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. School districts associated with public schools and library…
Project Ideals: Special Services of the School District (Area I).
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nunnery, Michael Y.
This pamphlet surveys the research and literature concerned with such local school district services as school plant planning and services, school community communication, school food services, school transportation services, and research and evaluation services. A series of generalizations is listed for each topic based on information reported in…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Steinberg, Matthew P.; Cox, Amanda Barrett
2017-01-01
A tiered autonomy policy was recently implemented in Philadelphia, where select principals were granted autonomy to manage school operations while others were promised greater district support to improve school functioning. This article provides evidence on how principals used their autonomy and the extent of district support for non-autonomous…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Liberatos, Penny; Leone, Jennifer; Craig, Ann Marie; Frei, Elizabeth Mary; Fuentes, Natalie; Harris, India Marie
2013-01-01
Background: School nurses play a central role in assisting elementary school children in managing their asthma, especially those in higher-risk school districts that are at increased risk of uncontrolled asthma. Study purposes are to (1) identify barriers to asthma management by school nurses in higher-risk school districts; and (2) assess the…
Educational Technology in Public School Districts: Fall 2008. First Look. NCES 2010-003
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gray, Lucinda; Lewis, Laurie
2009-01-01
This report provides national data on the availability and use of educational technology in public school districts during fall 2008. The data are the results of a national district-level survey that is one of a set that includes district, school, and teacher surveys on educational technology. Every year between 1994 and 2005 (with the exception…
School Site Strategic Planning To Improve District Performance.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lytle, James H.
This paper describes the evolution of a school-based planning model that accommodates independent approaches to School District of Philadelphia goals. The description centers on key strategic planning decisions made during a 6-year period and three components of the planning model: the organizational monitoring and feedback system; organizational…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Benzaquen, Eitan Yacov
2016-01-01
In April 2008, the Wisconsin Erie School District attempted and failed to pass a school bond referendum to renovate its high school. In November 2008, again the school district did not pass a referendum. Interestingly, in the 2009-2010 school year, the district was successful in passing a bond referendum. Although the original bond measure called…
Baylor University and Midway Independent School District: An Exemplary Partnership
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McCall, Madelon; Howell, Leanne; Rogers, Rachelle; Osborne, Lisa; Goree, Krystal; Merritt, Brent; Cox, Herb; Fischer, Jay; Gardner, Paula; Gasaway, Jeff
2017-01-01
The National Association of Professional Development Schools recognized the partnership between Baylor University and Midway Independent School District as one of three partnerships to receive the 2017 Award for Exemplary Professional Development School Achievement. This Professional Development School partnership began in 2009 and places the…
A Case Study of District Decentralization and Site-Based Budgeting: Cordell Place School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fermanich, Mark; Odden, Allan; Archibald, Sarah
A previously high-ranking suburban school district with declining student achievement changed to site-based budgeting. The account of the change may also be a cautionary tale about change taken too rapidly. Although a poor economy, the annexation of two Department of Defense schools, and organizational stagnation helped to create lower student…
School Autonomy in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina: Evidence from Two School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Astiz, M. Fernanda
2006-01-01
This article provides empirical evidence of policy adoption, outcomes and consequences of decentralization and school autonomy initiatives enacted in Argentina during the 1990s. The study examines what school autonomy meant in Argentina and how it was adopted at the provincial and school levels. Using qualitative data on school districts of the…
Webinar: Healthy Schools, Healthy Students: Taking Action to Improve IAQ in Your School District
A page to register to view the first webinar in the IAQ Knowledge-to-Action Professional Training Webinar Series: Healthy Schools, Healthy Students: Taking Action to Improve IAQ in Your School District
Dry Creek Joint Elementary School District. Educational Specifications: Dry Creek Elementary School.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dry Creek Joint Elementary School District, Roseville, CA.
An Educational Specification Committee was convened to determine the design specifications required for a new K-5 (and temporarily 6-8 grade) elementary school in Roseville, California's Dry Creek District. This report, the result of the committee's efforts, examines school room specifications for each grade level and administrative area.…
Research Evidence and School Board Deliberations: Lessons from Three Wisconsin School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Asen, Robert; Gurke, Deb; Conners, Pamela; Solomon, Ryan; Gumm, Elsa
2013-01-01
This article analyzes the use of research evidence in school-board deliberations in three school districts in Wisconsin. In these settings, the circulation, meaning, and function of research depended importantly on the interests and backgrounds of advocates, the composition of audiences, and the values and contexts of decision-making. Board…
How Do Local School Districts Formulate Educational Technology Policy?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hunt, Jeffrey L.; Lockard, James
This study reports on the formulation of educational technology policy in three Illinois K-12 school districts (n=36). Major findings included: (1) educational policy formulation in the districts focused on collecting the objects of technology, such as computers, modems, networks, rather than viewing educational technology as a systematic process…
The Micropolitics of School District Decentralization
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bjork, Lars G.; Blase, Joseph
2009-01-01
This case study of school district educational reform in the United States adds to the knowledge base of macropolitics of federal, state and local governing bodies and private sector agencies in formulating educational policies: It also contributes to our understanding the microplitics of policy implementation. Middle managers' political…
School District Organization and Student Dropout.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Engelhard, George, Jr.
The purpose of this study was to develop and test a theoretical framework that would examine the structural relationships between select organizational and environmental variables and school district effectiveness in Michigan. The theoretical framework was derived from organizational theory and represents a social-ecological approach to the study…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Paller, Alan; And Others
This study was commissioned to investigate the special transportation problems in parent-choice school districts and to prepare a handbook to assist transportation supervisors in overcoming these problems. Intended for school districts that have alternative schools, open enrollment plans, magnet schools, or other kinds of parent and student choice…
San Francisco Unified School District: 2013 Survey Brief
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Center for Education Policy Analysis at Stanford University, 2013
2013-01-01
Since the 2009-10 school-year, the Center for Education Policy Analysis (CEPA) at Stanford University administered Teacher, Assistant Principal (AP), and Principal surveys as part of San Francisco Unified School District's (SFUSD's) evaluation of the Quality Teacher and Education Act (passed as Proposition A 2008). The findings from these surveys…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McIntosh, Kent; Bennett, Joanna L.; Price, Kathy
2011-01-01
This article discusses School-wide Positive Behaviour Support (SWPBS), an evidence-based approach to teaching social competencies and enhancing the school social environment. The focus of this article is on the value of evaluation and evaluation plans at a district level for maintaining and increasing the effectiveness of SWPBS in a district. We…
Teacher Hiring, Transfer and Evaluation in Los Angeles Unified School District. Executive Summary
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
New Teacher Project, 2009
2009-01-01
In the spring and summer of 2008, The New Teacher Project (TNTP) partnered with Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) to investigate the impact of the school district's policies and practices on the ability of schools to build and maintain strong instructional teams. TNTP's analysis included the following components: (1) Analysis of teacher…
From Statehouse to Schoolhouse: Anti-Bullying Policy Efforts in U.S. States and School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kull, Ryan M.; Kosciw, Joseph G.; Greytak, Emily A.
2015-01-01
"From Statehouse to Schoolhouse: Anti-Bullying Policy Efforts in U.S. States and School Districts," examines the anti-bullying policies of all 13,181 school districts across the country. It provides the prevalence of anti-bullying policies in all U.S. school districts and whether state laws and guidance are being implemented at the…
Turner, Lindsey; Chriqui, Jamie F; Chaloupka, Frank J
2012-09-01
The use of food as a reward for good student behavior or academic performance is discouraged by many national organizations, yet this practice continues to occur in schools. Our multiyear cross-sectional study examined the use of food as a reward in elementary schools and evaluated the association between district policies and school practices. School data were gathered during the 2007-2008, 2008-2009, and 2009-2010 school years via mail-back surveys (N=2,069) from respondents at nationally representative samples of US public elementary schools (1,525 unique schools, 544 of which also participated for a second year). During every year, the corresponding district policy for each school was gathered and coded for provisions pertaining to the use of food as a reward. School practices did not change over time and as of the 2009-2010 school year, respondents in 42.1% and 40.7% of schools, respectively, indicated that food was not used as a reward for academic performance or for good student behavior. In multivariate logistic regression analyses controlling for school characteristics and year, having a district policy that prohibited the use of food as a reward was significantly associated with school respondents reporting that food was not used as a reward for academic performance (P<0.05) or for good student behavior (P<0.05). School-level respondents in the West and the Midwest were less likely to report that food was not used as a reward than were respondents in the South and Northeast. As of 2009-2010, only 11.9% of the districts in our study prohibited the use of food as a reward. Strengthening district policies may reduce the use of food rewards in elementary schools. Copyright © 2012 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Shared Programs between Adjacent School Districts in Bordering States: A Planning Manual.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bruss, Lyle R.; Bryan, Dennis L.
Specifically organized for the use of school districts that are located adjacent to each other but across state lines, this manual provides guidelines and procedures for determining the feasibility of sharing services across those state boundaries. The activities specified in the manual utilize school district information that is readily…
Local Property Tax Limitations vs. School District Employee Pension Costs in Pennsylvania
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hartman, William T.; Shrom, Timothy J.
2014-01-01
In Pennsylvania as in many other states, employee pension costs are a significant source of financial pressure for school districts (Zeehandelaar and Northern 2013, Pennsylvania Public Employees' Retirement Commission 2013). In order to gain greater insight into the nature of Pennsylvania school districts' financial burden related to pension…
Physical Education for Individuals with Disabilities in Washington State's Rural School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Palma, Gloria M.
This study investigated the nature and extent of physical education programs for individuals with disabilities in Washington State's small rural public school districts. Questionnaires were sent to 185 superintendents of small rural school districts in the state. Of the 128 responses, 70.3% enrolled individuals with disabilities. Fifty-eight…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Vick, Matthew E.
2009-01-01
The charter school movement focuses on the creation of public schools governed by a legally-binding agreement known as a charter. Charter schools are touted as allowing for innovation and creativity in exchange for increased accountability. The state of Wisconsin allows its school districts to authorize the formation charter schools. School…
Status of Higher Secondary School Libraries in Thiruvallur District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Seenivasan, M.; Kumar, N. Ashok
2014-01-01
Libraries are the main sources of knowledge. They play a major role in fostering reading habit among school children. Hence, it is deemed interactive to study the status of higher secondary school libraries in Thiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu. For the Analysis 50 Higher Secondary Schools were selected randomly comprising of Government Higher…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Taylor, Rosemarye T.; Pelletier, Kelly; Trimble, Todd; Ruiz, Eddie
2014-01-01
The purpose of these three parallel mixed method studies was to measure the effectiveness of an urban school district's 2011 Preparing New Principals Program (PNPP). Results supported the premise that preparing principals for school leadership in 2013 must develop them as instructional leaders who can improve teacher performance and student…
Developing, Managing, and Gaining Public Support for the School District Budget.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Holly, William J.
1987-01-01
This bulletin focuses on four aspects of budget development and management in local school districts. Chapter 1 describes the general budget development process, highlighting variations some Oregon districts have found useful. The chapter outlines the responsibilities of educational agencies and district staff members at various levels and reviews…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Callaway, Roberta F.
2017-01-01
This study was conducted in the fall of 2015 in a large, urban school district located in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. There are 33 elementary schools, one kindergarten through eighth grade school, eight middle schools, and five high schools in the district; three of the five high schools in the district participated. The district…
Redefining the School District in Michigan. Part Two of a Three-Part Series
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Smith, Nelson
2014-01-01
What happens when policymakers create statewide school districts to turn around their worst-performing public schools? In Louisiana and Tennessee, Recovery School Districts (RSDs) have made modest-to-strong progress for kids and serve as national models for what the future of education governance might hold. In the Great Lakes State, the story is…
Per Pupil Expenditure, Graduation Rates, and ACT Scores in Tennessee School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Irvin, Jay Andrew
2017-01-01
The purpose of this study was to investigate and identify possible relationships between academic achievement, as measured by high school graduation rate and ACT composite scores of individual school districts within the state of Tennessee, and the per-pupil expenditure of each district. Research was conducted to determine whether a significant…
Building Suburban Dreams: School District Secession and Mayoral Control in Suburban Utah
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Buendia, Edward; Humbert-Fisk, Paul
2015-01-01
Background/Context: Mayoral control of large city school districts has become the newest form of school district reorganization. Researchers have documented how real and perceived crises have propelled mayors in Chicago, Baltimore, and Washington DC, amongst others, to redefine the role of board governance by situating the operations of districts…
"Districts Matter": Cultivating the Principals Urban Schools Need. Perspective
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mitgang, Lee
2013-01-01
An effective school requires an effective leader, but great principals rarely just happen. They are cultivated. This Wallace Perspective draws on a decade of foundation research and work in school leadership to show how urban school districts can play a major role in ensuring they have principals who can boost teaching and learning in troubled…
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Lee, Victor R.; Leary, Heather M.; Sellers, Linda; Recker, Mimi
2014-06-01
When introducing and implementing a new technology for science teachers within a school district, we must consider not only the end users but also the roles and influence district personnel have on the eventual appropriation of that technology. School districts are, by their nature, complex systems with multiple individuals at different levels in the organization who are involved in supporting and providing instruction. Varying levels of support for new technologies between district coordinators and teachers can sometimes lead to counterintuitive outcomes. In this article, we examine the role of the district science coordinator in five school districts that participated in the implementation of an online resource discovery and sharing tool for Earth science teachers. Using a qualitative approach, we conducted and coded interviews with district coordinators and teachers to examine the varied responsibilities associated with the district coordinator and to infer the relationships that were developed and perceived by teachers. We then examine and discuss two cases that illustrate how those relationships could have influenced how the tool was adopted and used to differing degrees in the two districts. Specifically, the district that had high support for online resource use from its coordinator appeared to have the lowest level of tool use, and the district with much less visible support from its coordinator had the highest level of tool use. We explain this difference in terms of how the coordinator's promotion of teacher autonomy took distinctly different forms at those two districts.
Reynolds, Kim D.; Berteletti, Julia; Massie, Kim; Ashley, Jeff; Buller, Mary Klein; Meenan, Richard T.
2018-01-01
Introduction Policy is a key aspect of school-based efforts to prevent skin cancer. We explored the extent and accuracy of knowledge among principals and teachers in California public school districts about the elements specified in their district’s written sun safety policy. Methods The sample consisted of California public school districts that subscribed to the California School Boards Association, had an elementary school, adopted Board Policy 5141.7 for sun safety, and posted it online. The content of each policy was coded. Principals (n = 118) and teachers (n = 113) in elementary schools were recruited from September 2013 through December 2015 and completed a survey on sun protection policies and practices from January 2014 through April 2016. Results Only 38 of 117 principals (32.5%) were aware that their school district had a sun protection policy. A smaller percentage of teachers (13 of 109; 11.9%) than principals were aware of the policy (F 108 = 12.76, P < .001). We found greater awareness of the policy among principals and teachers who had more years of experience working in public education (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, F 106 = 4.71, P = .03) and worked in schools with more non-Hispanic white students (OR = 7.65, F 109 = 8.61, P = .004) and fewer Hispanic students (OR = 0.28, F 109 = 4.27, P = .04). Conclusion Policy adoption is an important step in implementing sun safety practices in schools, but districts may need more effective means of informing school principals and teachers of sun safety policies. Implementation will lag without clear understanding of the policy’s content by school personnel. PMID:29346065
The Sustainability of Comprehensive School Reform Models in Changing District and State Contexts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Datnow, Amanda
2005-01-01
This article addresses the sustainability of comprehensive school reform (CSR) models in the face of turbulent district and state contexts. It draws on qualitative data gathered in a longitudinal case study of six CSR models implemented in 13 schools in one urban district. Why do reforms sustain in some schools and not in others? How do changing…
Evaluation of the Oregon Business Council-David Douglas Model School District Partnership Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Conley, David T.; Stone, Patricia
The Oregon Business Council (OBC)-David Douglas Model District Project was undertaken for two reasons: (1) to create a model for a district's accelerated implementation of all the elements of school reform as mandated in Oregon House Bill 3565; and (2) to learn lessons about school reform that would inform OBC member companies and school districts…
Empowering ELLs through Strong Community-School District Partnerships for Enrichment
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rivera, Jessica; Donovan-Pendzic, Esperanza; Marion, Mary Jo
2015-01-01
The English Language Learner (ELL) Summer Camp in Worcester, Massachusetts--an intensive six-week program that served middle school and high school students from Worcester Public Schools (WPS)--was the product of a five-way partnership that included the school district, higher education institutions (Latino Education Institute [LEI] at Worcester…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pennucci, Stephanie Sweeney
2016-01-01
Distance education is rapidly changing the way K-12 students learn. School districts use it for course recovery, to supplement the curriculum with additional courses, and to offer alternative educational opportunities. Pennsylvania's 500 public school superintendents face a unique challenge in an economic recession, severe cuts in state funding,…
Some Economic Guidelines for Design of a Charter School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Levin, Henry M.
2012-01-01
As the number of charter schools has grown nationally, there is increasing discussion of the consolidation of such schools into charter districts in which all schools would be charter schools from which parents would have the freedom to choose the school that they wished their student to attend. A major question is how such a charter school…
An Analysis of Staff Development Programs and Their Costs in Three Urban School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Moore, Donald R.; Hyde, Arthur A.
This report analyzes teacher staff development programs and their costs in three large urban school districts, and discusses research and policy implications of the research results. The districts were selected through a survey of school districts serving the 75 largest U.S. cities, and were chosen because of their respectively high, medium, and…
Los Angeles District Faces Mounting Pressure over High Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Maxwell, Lesli A.
2007-01-01
After nearly eight months on the job, Superintendent David L. Brewer III has rolled out his strategy for improving student achievement in the 708,000-student Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD). Three new, reform-minded members also have been sworn in on the school board. But so far, the momentum for improving high schools in the nation's…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Haffke, Louise Marie; Damm, Paula; Cross, Barbara
2014-01-01
During the 2013-2014 school year, the Shaker Heights, Ohio City school district was mandated to change its evaluation process as part of the Race to the Top initiative. Although not required by the federal or state Departments of Education, the Shaker Heights City school district tasked all members of their faculty and staff, including school…
Land Acquisition Practices of the Miami-Dade County School District. Special Review.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Florida State Legislature, Tallahassee. Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability.
This review, requested by the Florida Legislature, answers six questions about Miami-Dade County School District's land acquisition practices. The six questions are: (1) Does the district effectively identify its facility needs and plan for those needs? (2) Does the district acquire the land it needs? (3) Has the district adopted land acquisition…
Accessibility of School Districts' Web Sites: A Descriptive Study
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bray, Marty; Flowers, Claudia; Gibson, Patricia
2003-01-01
Many school districts (SDs) use the World Wide Web (WWW or Web) to disseminate a wide variety of information about things such as district events, policies, and a wide variety of student information. On-line barriers limit the accessibility of the WWW for persons and students with disabilities and thus can limit their access to vital information.…
Leading Change for the Implementation of Common Core State Standards in Rural School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lopez, Paul; Wise, Donald
2015-01-01
Rural school districts across the nation, with their limited resources, face daunting challenges posed by the implementation of the Common Core State Standards. This article presents a recent study of 13 rural school districts in the Central Valley of California and how these districts are responding to those challenges. A total of 352 teachers…
A Qualitative Case Study of the Bilingual Teacher Shortage in One Texas School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kennedy, Barbara H.
2013-01-01
The purpose of this study was to examine how stakeholders in one Texas school district perceive, experience, and respond to the Spanish bilingual teacher shortage. The research design was qualitative with an exploratory, single case study approach. The case study school district was a mid-sized suburban district in Texas that utilized a dual…
Recruitment and Selection: Meeting the Leadership Shortage in One Large Canadian School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Normore, Anthony H.
2004-01-01
This article investigates the recruitment and selection strategies of one large Canadian school district in Ontario, called here the "Northwestern School District." Data collection included interviews, document analyses and observations, and were gathered in 2001. Findings indicated that designated structured teams, financial and…
The Six Habits of Fiscally Responsible Public School Districts. A Mackinac Center Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Johnson, Kirk A.; Moser, Elizabeth H.
For Michigan, like many other states, providing noninstructional services strains public school district budgets. School districts provide more transportation, food, maintenance, and counseling services than ever before. In some cases, noninstructional expenses exceed classroom expenses. Seven states, including Michigan, employ more nonteachers…
Perceptions of Relationships between District and School Level Administrators on Student Achievement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Brookins, Tyrone
2010-01-01
The purpose of this qualitative study was to assess the extent to which perceived Using a case study of an urban school district, serving 40,000 students in the Midwest region of the United States, this study investigated district and school administrative leaders' perceptions of how their interactions influenced the achievement of black students.…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Quadri, Rizvan
2012-01-01
This qualitative, descriptive case study employed the use of narrative to investigate a virtual school program in a public school district in Texas. A focus group interviewing process was used to interview the participants. Findings from this study conclude that with continued support from district leaders, along with having the appropriate…
Children and School Districts--Victims of the Same System.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Montoya, Renee Marie
1978-01-01
The Colorado school finance system, which has been sued as unconstitutional because of disparities among school district expenditures per pupil, is described. Inequalities in taxation and in the provision of education to economically disadvantaged and minority group students throughout the country are discussed. (GC)
Doing Business with Entrepreneurial America: Protecting School District Interests.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McCord, Robert S.; Mattocks, T. C.; Kops, Gerald
This paper attempts to identify benchmark considerations when entertaining the question of private management of public school facilities. Management possibilities include contracting for services and charter conversion. The paper also highlights elements of contract law pertinent to formal agreements made between school districts and private…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Buff, Shannon Jonell
2017-01-01
Retention of quality high school assistant principals is a problem in a suburban Georgia school district, where 35% of administrators left their schools in a 3-year period. Researchers indicated that high turnover rates in school leadership influence student achievement and school climate. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore…
Exploring Operational Issues and Practices of School Nutrition Programs in Large School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nettles, Mary Frances; Carr, Deborah H.; Johnson, James T.; Federico, Holly A.
2008-01-01
Purpose/Objectives: The purpose was to explore issues associated with school nutrition (SN) programs in large school districts. Specific objectives were to identify operational issues and practices SN directors encounter and describe characteristics of SN directors and their programs. Methods: A panel of seven SN professionals from large school…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wheatley, Vicki Ann
2012-01-01
The relationship between components of the local school district report card, school district typology, and the outcome of public school tax levy requests were examined in this study. A correlation research design was used to measure the relationship between the independent variables (performance index, average yearly progress, value added,…
The Readability and Complexity of District-Provided School-Choice Information
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stein, Marc L.; Nagro, Sarah
2015-01-01
Public school choice has become a common feature in American school districts. Any potential benefits that could be derived from these policies depend heavily on the ability of parents and students to make informed and educated decisions about their school options. We examined the readability and complexity of school-choice guides across a sample…
Schools and the Stimulus: How America's Public School Districts Are Using ARRA Funds
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ellerson, Noelle M.
2009-01-01
"Schools and the Stimulus: How America's Public School Districts Are Using ARRA Funds" is the third survey in the American Association of School Administrator's 2009 Summer Surveys series. This survey finds that while school systems around the nation appreciate the opportunity the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funding…
Perceptions of the Leadership Practices of Principals in a High Performing School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dinning, Molly
2014-01-01
The dissertation, "Perceptions Of The Leadership Practices Of Principals In A High Performing School District," explores the understandings of leadership practices from the perspective of parents, teachers, and principals in one high performing school district. The study addressed the leadership practices deemed important by the…
The Effect of the Minimum Compensating Cash Balance on School District Investments.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dembowski, Frederick L.
Banks are usually reimbursed for their checking account services either by a fixed service charge or by requiring a minimum or minimum-average compensating cash balance. This paper demonstrates how to determine the optimal minimum balance for a school district to maintain in its account. It is assumed that both the bank and the school district use…
Deregulation of the Electric Industry and Its Potential Benefits for School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Watkiss, Jeffrey D.
1997-01-01
The electric utility industry is the last bastion of regulated monopolies in the United States. An overview of recent competition in the electric-power industry at both the federal and state levels and how this may affect school districts is offered in this article. The text identifies and evaluates how school districts can obtain cheaper power…
New Ways for School Districts to Issue Bonds under the Recovery Act
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cowburn, Laura; Phillips, Kenneth A.; Unkovic, David
2010-01-01
The federal government has traditionally given local school districts an indirect subsidy by allowing them to issue tax-exempt bonds. Because the bondholders pay no tax on the interest income, they are willing to take a bond bearing interest at, say, 4.5% rather than 6%. Such lower interest is great for the school district because it saves the…
Vital Statistics for Ohio Appalachian School Districts, Fiscal Year 1999.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ohio Univ., Athens. Coalition of Rural and Appalachian Schools.
This document compiles school district data on 18 factors for the 29 southeastern Ohio counties designated as "Appalachian." Data tables present state means, Appalachian means and ranges, and individual district data for fall enrollment; percentage of minority students; percentage of Aid to Dependent Children; average income; property…
Cantillo, John R
2010-03-01
Local school districts are often one of the largest, if not the largest, employers in their respective communities. Like many large employers, school districts offer health insurance to their employees. There is a lack of information about the rate of health insurance premiums in US school districts relative to other employers. To assess the change in the costs of healthcare insurance in the 5 largest public school districts in the United States, between 2004 and 2008, as representative of large public employers in the country. Data for this study were drawn exclusively from a survey sent to the 5 largest public school districts in the United States. The survey requested responses on 3 data elements for each benefit plan offered from 2004 through 2008; these included enrollment, employee costs, and employer costs. The premium growth for the 5 largest school districts has slowed down and is consistent with other purchasers-Kaiser/Health Research & Educational Trust and the Federal Employee Health Benefit Program. The average increase in health insurance premium for the schools was 5.9% in 2008, and the average annual growth rate over the study period was 7.5%. For family coverage, these schools provide the most generous employer contribution (80.8%) compared with the employer contribution reported by other employers (73.5%) for 2008. Often the largest employers in their communities, school districts demonstrate a commitment to provide choice of benefits and affordability for employees and their families. Despite constraints typical of public employers, the 5 largest school districts in the United States have decelerated in premium growth consistent with other purchasers, albeit at a slower pace.
Discipline for Students with Disabilities in the Recovery School District (RSD) of New Orleans
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Jeffers, Elizabeth K.
2014-01-01
This article focuses on special education in New Orleans post Hurricane Katrina. After Hurricane Katrina, Louisiana's Recovery School District (RSD) took over 102 of the city's 128 schools with the stated goal of creating a "choice district" for parents. This "choice distric"' is made up of RSD direct-run schools, Orleans…
Developing Practitioner-Scholars through University-School District Research Partnerships
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ralston, Nicole C.; Tarasawa, Beth; Waggoner, Jacqueline M.; Smith, Rebecca; Naegele, Zulema
2016-01-01
University-community partnerships have gained popularity in the United States as a means of extending university research resources and collaborative opportunities. However, research-driven partnerships between universities and K-12 school districts that prioritize the research needs of K-12 schools are unique. Recently, education scholars have…
Students Need Libraries--In HISD and Every School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hand, Dorcas
2018-01-01
Catalyst: Another newspaper article ("Ranks of School Librarians Dwindle in HISD, Statewide" in the October 7, 2013, "Houston Chronicle") detailing another decision by a Houston Independent School District (HISD) campus principal to eliminate the librarian (Mellon 2013). In response to this article, Dorcas Hand, an experienced…
Two Dimensions of Parent Participation in an Inner School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Flaugher, Paul
2006-01-01
An exploratory study finds that parents who meet frequently with teachers about their child's school are not also likely to report they attend evening school or parenting programs. The research is based upon a take-home survey administered to parents of elementary school children in an inner-city type school district that is close to a major…
Are Schools Making the Grade? School Districts Nationwide Adopt Safer Pest Management Policies.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Piper, Cortney; Owens, Kagan
2002-01-01
This report documents school districts that have adopted safer pest management policies, such as integrated pest management (IPM), in response to state requirements or as a voluntary measure that exceeds state law. It also documents the state of local school pest management policies and illustrates the opportunities that exist for better…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center on Safe Supportive Learning Environments, 2017
2017-01-01
Improving school climate takes time and commitment from a variety of people in a variety of roles. This document outlines key action steps that district leaders--including superintendents, assistant superintendents, directors of student support services, or others--can take to support school climate improvements. Key action steps are provided for…
Did School Finance Equalization Increase Revenue Instability for School Districts?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Balu, Rekha
2011-01-01
This study uses an Interrupted Time Series analysis with a non-equivalent comparison group to estimate the causal effect of school finance equalization on district revenue instability. The author applies a microeconomic framework to an understudied problem in education finance and policy. In so doing, she illustrates how policies can sometimes…
Growing a Waldorf-Inspired Approach in a Public School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Friedlaender, Diane; Beckham, Kyle; Zheng, Xinhua; Darling-Hammond, Linda
2015-01-01
This report documents the practices and outcomes of Alice Birney, a public K-8 Waldorf-Inspired School in Sacramento City Unified School District (SCUSD). This study highlights how such a school addresses students' academic, social, emotional, physical, and creative development. Birney students outperform similar students in SCUSD on several…
Tort Liability of School Districts, Officers, and Employees.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lenaghan, James M.
A tort is a civil wrong not based on a contractual obligation and which results in injury to a person. In a tort action, the injured party can collect from whomever injured him. This chapter, one of seven in the 1973 Yearbook of School Law, reports those court opinions that deal directly with tort liability of school districts, officers, and…
Districts Face Painful Cuts as School Year Begins
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cavanagh, Sean
2011-01-01
As students around the country begin the 2011-2012 school year, many of them will be returning to districts that have been forced to restructure their operations in the face of budget cuts. Leaders of those school systems have sought to avoid cuts that they believe would weaken instruction. But they also believe the reductions will put a strain on…
A Study of the Deregionalization of a High School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tuckman, Bruce W.; Libonate, George A.
In past decades communities regionalized their high school districts to overcome size limitations. Now, community growth, changes in property values, and concern with self-governance have prompted interest in deregionalization. This is the study of a constituent community's desire to withdraw from a regional district. The study has four…
FSLA Litigation: Coming Soon to a School District Near You.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Soronen, Lisa E.
2003-01-01
The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) of 1938 covers six major topics: minimum wage, overtime, child labor, equal pay, retaliation, and record keeping. Most cases filed against school districts involve overtime and record-keeping requirements. Outlines steps to ensure district FLSA policies are legal, communicated, and enforced. (MLF)
Cognitively Guided Instruction: An Implementation Case Study of a High Performing School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dowdy, William D. B.
2011-01-01
No Child Left Behind legislation developed goals for every student to be proficient in each academic subject by 2014. California's students are far from meeting this goal, especially in mathematics. One Southern Californian school district, renamed Green Valley Unified School District for anonymity, began using Cognitively Guided Instruction…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Han, Jiye Grace; Ableidinger, Joe; Hassel, Bryan C.; Jones, Rachel; Wolf, Mary Ann
2013-01-01
The Quakertown Community School District, or QCSD, is a traditional K-12 public school district in rural southeastern Pennsylvania, located in Bucks County, about an hour north of Philadelphia. QCSD has ten schools, including one high school, and serves approximately 5,500 students, 24 percent of whom are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tilley, Susan A.; Killins, Janet; Van Oosten, Deborah
2005-01-01
Currently researchers connected to university contexts who conduct research involving human participants must receive approval from a research ethics board, and in the case of school-based research, from school district authorities. This article focuses on the ethics review of school-based research. Applications submitted to a research ethics…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schwartz, Marlene B.; Henderson, Kathryn E.; Falbe, Jennifer; Novak, Sarah A.; Wharton, Christopher M.; Long, Michael W.; O'Connell, Meghan L.; Fiore, Susan S.
2012-01-01
Background: In 2006, all local education agencies in the United States participating in federal school meal programs were required to establish school wellness policies. This study documented the strength and comprehensiveness of 1 state's written district policies using a coding tool, and tested whether these traits predicted school-level…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Toner, Mark
2017-01-01
Across the country, many large school districts have seen flat or declining enrollments in recent years, including in places where there's been concurrent growth in charter schools. The result has been a growing perception that charter expansion is coming at the expense of the health of traditional school districts--a perception that, even if…
The Perceptions of District Leaders of Cyber Charter Schools in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Miller, Norman J.
2012-01-01
Given the growth of cyber charter schools in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, more research is needed in this new wave of school reform. In fact, little research currently addresses the perceptions that district leaders have in regard to cyber charter schools and that is what this study proposed to address. District leaders interviewed included…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wilson, Dulmini; Sanchez, Kathleen M.; Blackwell, Susan H.; Weinstein, Eva; El Amin, A. Nelson
2013-01-01
Local health departments have typically led school-located influenza vaccination (SLIV) programs, assuming resource-intensive roles in design, coordination, and vaccination. This level of involvement is often not financially sustainable over time. Five diverse school districts in Los Angeles County designed, implemented, refined, and…
Selecting Telephone Systems for a School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Paddock, Steve
1989-01-01
A tried and tested formula for selecting the right telephone system includes the following elements: determining telephone system needs, considering future growth, using written proposals to make comparisons, and shopping for quality products with excellent references. Flagstaff (Arizona) Uified School District's experience is used to illustrate…
Building a School District's Wide Area Network.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mastel, Vern L.
1996-01-01
Describes the development of a wide area network (WAN) in the Bismarck Public School District (North Dakota). Topics include design goals, network infrastructure, implementing library access, sharing resources across platforms, electronic mail, dial-in access, Internet access, adhering to software licenses, shareware and freeware, and monitoring…
The Academic Preparation of Idaho Science Teachers Based on School District Size.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Heikkinen, Michael W.
1987-01-01
Certification records of 435 Idaho science teachers analyzed by school district size revealed significant differences: more physiology, earth science, and chemistry I teachers in largest districts had endorsements to teach assigned subjects; more earth science and chemistry I teachers in smallest districts had neither major nor minor in subjects…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Trujillo, Tina M.; Hernández, Laura E.; Jarrell, Tonja; Kissell, René
2014-01-01
The purpose of this article is to investigate the multiple political histories that have coalesced to produce support for or resistance to the Oakland Unified School District's full-service community schools policy. It analyzes oral history interview data from eight stakeholders who represent the district's major constituencies to explore the…
Implementation Recommendations for School Districts. GASB Statement No. 34.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Association of School Business Officials International, Reston, VA.
Statement 34 is the most significant change in the history of governmental accounting. It is a dramatic change in the way school districts report and present financial information. This new reporting model affects every public-school organization that issues financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP).…
Factors Affecting Teacher Satisfaction in an Urban School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Halpert, Michael A.
2011-01-01
The purpose of this study was to distinguish factors that influence the satisfaction levels of teachers in urban school districts. This work also distinguished factors that directly impacted teachers' level of satisfaction towards their work and their attitude towards the administration of their schools. Forty-one teachers from two kindergarten…
Addressing the Inclusion Imperative: An Urban School District's Responses
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
DeMatthews, David Edward; Mawhinney, Hanne
2013-01-01
Over the past forty years, schools across the United States have become more inclusive for students with disabilities. However, in many high-poverty urban school districts, a disproportionate number of minority children with disabilities are segregated from their non-disabled peers. This article presents findings from a qualitative case study of…
The Effects of School Facility Quality on Teacher Retention in Urban School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Buckley, Jack; Schneider, Mark; Shang, Yi
2004-01-01
The attrition of both new and experienced teachers is a great challenge for schools and school administrators throughout the United States, particularly in large urban districts. Because of the importance of this issue, there is a large empirical literature that investigates why teachers quit and how they might be better induced to stay. Here we…
The Impact of Computer-Based Information Systems Upon School and School District Administration.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hansen, Thomas; And Others
1978-01-01
This study investigates the ways in which computer-based information systems interact with the strategic planning, management control, and operational control in 11 Minnesota school districts. (Author/IRT)
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gordon, Nora; Knight, Brian
2006-01-01
This paper examines the forces behind political integration through the lens of school district consolidations, which reduced the number of school districts in the United States from around 130,000 in 1930 to under 15,000 at present. Despite this large observed decline, many districts resisted consolidation before ultimately merging and others…
Proposed Capital Program 1970-1975, the School District of Philadelphia.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Philadelphia School District, PA.
This report presents the School District of Philadelphia's long-range plan for school facilities and, based upon it, a capital program for the fiscal years 1970 through 1975. Present conditions are reviewed, citing the "facility gap" and indicating future needs. The plan for school facilities is presented specifying--(1) the educational basis of…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Russo, Charles J.
1999-01-01
In "Cedar Rapids Community School District v. Garrett F." (1999), the U.S. Supreme Court decided that continuous nursing constitutes a "related service" under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. The case involved a 16-year-old who has been paralyzed since early childhood. Cost per student could be $20,000 to…
Site-Based Management in Education: Rochester City School District Case Study.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gross, Alan
This paper describes outcomes of a partnership between the Rochester City School District (New York) and the Kodak 21st Century Learning Challenge consulting program for improving school-based planning team (S-BPT) operations. The purpose of the school-based planning team is to involve the entire school community in improving school effectiveness.…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Meendering, Jessica; Kranz, Emily; Shafrath, Tara; McCormack, Lacey
2016-01-01
Background: District size has been shown to impact the anticipated barriers to wellness policy creation and implementation. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine if strength and comprehensiveness of wellness policies differs among school districts of varying size. Methods: Wellness policies were collected from 10 large, 29…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
General Accounting Office, Washington, DC.
To determine how school districts are handling the problems of asbestos in their schools, the General Accounting Office (GAO) conducted interviews and asked standarized questions of officials at 6 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regional offices, 12 state offices, and 36 school districts in 12 states. This report presents information on the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Adams, E. Kathleen; Vincent, Phillip E.
Data on 174 Colorado school districts were used to measure districts' responses (as indicated by per-pupil expenditures) to their own fiscal capacity and to state aid that changes over time. Colorado's modified guaranteed tax base (GTB) formula was analyzed and a model constructed that took into account the formula's limits on district spending…
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Miller, Christopher L.
In the United States of America, the public education system is comprised of over 14,000 school districts. Each of these unique districts is being affected by the enactment of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. In turn, this diverse population of school districts is determining the impact on education of this sweeping federal education policy. This study examines eight of those school districts to determine their actions related to the early phase of the implementation of one portion of NCLB, the accountability provisions prescribing standardized assessment for the determination of Adequate Yearly Progress. Specifically, this study examines what these eight Wisconsin school districts, serving from 1,000 to over 5,000 students, did with the student achievement data resulting from their state assessment, the Wisconsin Knowledge and Concepts Examinations (WKCE). A wide variety of responses were found in how school districts used the WKCE data. The eight school districts were examined to determine what features of their organizations were responsible for how they responded to the enactment of the AYP provisions, specifically how they used the WCKE data. District responses were found to be determined by district size, governance structures, personnel, and dispositions. The interactions of these characteristics were considered in light of organizational studies using conceptualizations borrowed from ecology and the theory of evolution and by studies of school districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lake, Robin; Hill, Paul T.; Maas, Tricia
2015-01-01
Every sector of the U.S. economy is working on ways to deliver services in a more customized manner. If all goes well, education is headed in the same direction. Personalized learning and globally benchmarked academic standards (a.k.a. Common Core) are the focus of most major school districts and charter school networks. Educators and parents know…
Food Allergy Knowledge and Attitudes among School Nurses in an Urban Public School District.
Twichell, Sarah; Wang, Kathleen; Robinson, Humaira; Acebal, Maria; Sharma, Hemant
2015-07-21
Since food allergy knowledge and perceptions may influence prevention and management of school-based reactions, we evaluated them among nurses in an urban school district. All District of Columbia public school nurses were asked to anonymously complete a food allergy knowledge and attitude questionnaire. Knowledge scores were calculated as percentage of correct responses. Attitude responses were tabulated across five-point Likert scales, ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The knowledge questionnaire was completed by 87% of eligible nurses and the attitude questionnaire by 83%. The mean total knowledge score was 76 ± 13 with domain score highest for symptom recognition and lowest for treatment. Regarding attitudes, most (94%) felt food allergy is a serious health problem, for which schools should have guidelines (94%). Fewer believed that nut-free schools (82%) and allergen-free tables (44%) should be implemented. Negative perceptions of parents were identified as: parents of food-allergic children are overprotective (55%) and make unreasonable requests of schools (15%). Food allergy knowledge deficits and mixed attitudes exist among this sample of urban school nurses, particularly related to management of reactions and perceptions of parents. Food allergy education of school nurses should be targeted to improve their knowledge and attitudes.
Food Allergy Knowledge and Attitudes among School Nurses in an Urban Public School District
Twichell, Sarah; Wang, Kathleen; Robinson, Humaira; Acebal, Maria; Sharma, Hemant
2015-01-01
Since food allergy knowledge and perceptions may influence prevention and management of school-based reactions, we evaluated them among nurses in an urban school district. All District of Columbia public school nurses were asked to anonymously complete a food allergy knowledge and attitude questionnaire. Knowledge scores were calculated as percentage of correct responses. Attitude responses were tabulated across five-point Likert scales, ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The knowledge questionnaire was completed by 87% of eligible nurses and the attitude questionnaire by 83%. The mean total knowledge score was 76 ± 13 with domain score highest for symptom recognition and lowest for treatment. Regarding attitudes, most (94%) felt food allergy is a serious health problem, for which schools should have guidelines (94%). Fewer believed that nut-free schools (82%) and allergen-free tables (44%) should be implemented. Negative perceptions of parents were identified as: parents of food-allergic children are overprotective (55%) and make unreasonable requests of schools (15%). Food allergy knowledge deficits and mixed attitudes exist among this sample of urban school nurses, particularly related to management of reactions and perceptions of parents. Food allergy education of school nurses should be targeted to improve their knowledge and attitudes. PMID:27417367
Hidalgo Sets Sail: A School District Supports All Students in Earning College Credits
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nodine, Thad R.
2011-01-01
In 2005, the Hidalgo Independent School District made an ambitious commitment. In partnership with nearby University of Texas-Pan American, the University of Texas System, the Communities Foundation of Texas/Texas High School Project, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the district promised that all of its students, not just a select…
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act: Determining Eligibility and Implications for School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Moses, Marsha; Gilchrest, Cynthia; Schwab, Nadine C.
2005-01-01
Today, school districts are challenged in meeting the health and educational needs of students with chronic health conditions. One of the challenges school districts face is determining when students with health-related disabilities are eligible for services under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. This article reviews Section 504 and…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Russo, Christopher J.
2010-01-01
The idea to do research in the area of school construction planning came from this writer's experience in a district that was still using a high school that was built in 1914 and the community was happy with that fact. During this writer's time the district had gone to referendum to ask the voters to approve a $67 million building project that…
Advocacy and Ideology: Confrontation in a Rural School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McKerrow, Kelly
This paper presents a critical qualitative account and analysis of resistance and contestation over the decision-making process in a special education program. The parties involved were four parent advocates, who formed an advocacy organization, and the school administration in a rural school district in the Midwest. A subtle but powerful bias…
Technology Planning Guide for Minnesota School Districts, Schools and Public Libraries.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Minnesota State Dept. of Children, Families, and Learning, St. Paul.
This guide assists Minnesota school districts and libraries in technology planning by providing information for meeting the requirements for federal assistance through the Universal Service Fund E-rate program and gaining approval from the Minnesota Department of Children, Families & Learning. Fourteen technology plan criteria needing to be…
The District Agricultural Schools of Georgia. Bulletin, 1916, No. 44
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lane, C. H.; Crosby, D. J.
1916-01-01
In most of the States some attempt is made to teach agriculture and rural domestic economy to boys and girls of high school age and over, whose advancement in the ordinary school subjects is of high school grade or less. In some States the attempt has be made to do this work only in the regular county, township, district, and village high schools,…
Cantillo, John R.
2010-01-01
Background Local school districts are often one of the largest, if not the largest, employers in their respective communities. Like many large employers, school districts offer health insurance to their employees. There is a lack of information about the rate of health insurance premiums in US school districts relative to other employers. Objective To assess the change in the costs of healthcare insurance in the 5 largest public school districts in the United States, between 2004 and 2008, as representative of large public employers in the country. Methods Data for this study were drawn exclusively from a survey sent to the 5 largest public school districts in the United States. The survey requested responses on 3 data elements for each benefit plan offered from 2004 through 2008; these included enrollment, employee costs, and employer costs. Results The premium growth for the 5 largest school districts has slowed down and is consistent with other purchasers—Kaiser/Health Research & Educational Trust and the Federal Employee Health Benefit Program. The average increase in health insurance premium for the schools was 5.9% in 2008, and the average annual growth rate over the study period was 7.5%. For family coverage, these schools provide the most generous employer contribution (80.8%) compared with the employer contribution reported by other employers (73.5%) for 2008. Conclusions Often the largest employers in their communities, school districts demonstrate a commitment to provide choice of benefits and affordability for employees and their families. Despite constraints typical of public employers, the 5 largest school districts in the United States have decelerated in premium growth consistent with other purchasers, albeit at a slower pace. PMID:25126311
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gopalan, Pritha
2004-01-01
This report compares district leaders' perspectives on changes in school capacity, student outcomes and district policy over three years of implementation of Middle Start (MS), a comprehensive school reform program to demonstrate the potential for improving the effectiveness and sustainability of CSR at the school level through integrating…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Diem, Sarah; Sampson, Carrie; Browning, Laura Gavornik
2018-01-01
Policymakers and educational leaders continue to use school district decentralization as a reform effort that attempts to shift power and authority from central office administration to school-level leadership. In 2015, the Nevada Legislature passed legislation to restructure the Clark County School District (CCSD), the state's largest school…
Historical Review of Teacher and Student Diversity in an Urban Kentucky School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Francis, James L.
2010-01-01
Drawing on court records, state archival information, and local school district reports, this project examined student diversity and teacher diversity over more than five decades in an urban school district established in 1974 by court mandate. This study especially focused on the impact of a ratio set by the federal court regarding the high…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Berryhill, Kathy S.
2009-01-01
School district administrator openings are occurring across Texas and many other states at an increasing rate. The high rate of turnover in the superintendency has become a national problem. Texas was chosen for the study due to the total number of school districts in the state and the high percent of rural districts. The other selected states,…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Peneston, Dee Anne
2012-01-01
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between deaf education teachers' perceptions of preparedness and their learning experiences in preparation programs and districts' and schools' supports they receive during beginning years of teaching. Additionally, this study provides suggestions regarding what colleges and…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Olson, Heather
2017-01-01
The purpose of the study was to determine what student teachers perceive as an effective practice used by their cooperating teacher and school district to enhance the success of the year-long student teaching experience. In addition, the study intended to determine the differences in what student teachers perceive as effective practice based on…
Classroom, School, and District Impacts on Diverse Student Literacy Achievement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wilcox, Kristen Campbell; Lawson, Hal A.; Angelis, Janet
2015-01-01
Background/Context: Prior research has investigated the literacy achievement gap with particular focus on ethnically and linguistically diverse students' performance. This study extends that research by examining the relationships among classroom instructional practices, school priorities, and district policies in higher performing schools.…
Lindbergh School District Outdoor Education '73/'74.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schott, Willis R. M., Ed.
Since 1968, Lindbergh School District fifth graders have participated in a five day resident camp program designed to foster an appreciation for nature, to promote self-reliance while developing emotional maturity, and to provide a communal living experience with peers and teachers. The handbook is a composite of teachers', administrators', and…
The Louisiana Recovery School District: Lessons for the Buckeye State
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Smith, Nelson
2012-01-01
Is it time for Ohio to take bolder steps toward turning around its most troubled schools and districts? If so, what might the alternatives look like? Options for rebooting these troubled schools have come in the form of mayoral control, state takeovers, market competition through charter schools and other choice programs, as well as millions of…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ewbank, Ann Dutton
2011-01-01
The number of U.S. school librarians has greatly diminished despite advocacy efforts on the local and national level. This case study investigated the factors that led governing board members in a mid-size urban high school district to retain certified school librarian positions despite a major economic crisis. Data were collected through school…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dixon, Shauna G.; Eusebio, Eleazar C.; Turton, William J.; Wright, Peter W. D.; Hale, James B.
2011-01-01
The 2009 "Forest Grove School District v. T.A." United States Supreme Court case could have significant implications for school psychology practice. The Court ruled that the parents of a student with a disability were entitled to private school tuition reimbursement even though T.A. had not been identified with a disability or previously…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cooley, Dwight A.; Floyd, Koy A.
2013-01-01
Historically, the number of public school districts in the United States has decreased despite a dramatic increase in the number of students enrolled. Although public school district consolidation has impacted districts of all sizes, since the late 1930's smaller rural districts facing dwindling community resources have merged or consolidated with…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Marshall, Jon; Pritchard, Ruie; Gunderson, Betsey
2004-01-01
The purpose of this study was to determine the congruence among W. E. Deming's 14 points for Total Quality Management (TQM), the organizational health of school districts, and student achievement. Based on Kanter's (1983) concept of a Culture of Pride with a Climate of Success, healthy districts were defined as having an organizational culture…
School District Program Cost Accounting: An Alternative Approach
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hentschke, Guilbert C.
1975-01-01
Discusses the value for school districts of a program cost accounting system and examines different approaches to generating program cost data, with particular emphasis on the "cost allocation to program system" (CAPS) and the traditional "transaction-based system." (JG)
Kajankova, Maria; Oswald, Jennifer M; Terranova, Lauren M; Kaplen, Michael V; Ambrose, Anne F; Spielman, Lisa A; Gordon, Wayne A
2017-06-01
By 2014, all states implemented concussion laws that schools must translate into daily practice; yet, limited knowledge exists regarding implementation of these laws. We examined the extent to which concussion management policies and procedure (P&P) documents of New York State school districts comply with the State's Concussion Awareness and Management Act (the Act). We also aimed to identify barriers to compliance. Forty-seven school districts provided P&P documents. We examined compliance with the Act and the relationship between compliance and each district's demographics. Compliance varied across school districts, with higher overall compliance in large city school districts compared to county districts. However, there was low compliance for several critical items. We found no statistically significant relationship between compliance and demographics. School districts need to increase compliance with concussion legislation to ensure the adequate implementation necessary for the law to impact health and educational outcomes. The results provide important information to individuals charged with the responsibility of implementation and ultimately reducing the negative outcomes associated with brain injuries in schools. © 2017, American School Health Association.
Computer conferencing: the "nurse" in the "Electronic School District".
Billings, D M; Phillips, A
1991-01-01
As computer-based instructional technologies become increasingly available, they offer new mechanisms for health educators to provide health instruction. This article describes a pilot project in which nurses established a computer conference to provide health instruction to high school students participating in an electronic link of high schools. The article discusses computer conferencing, the "Electronic School District," the design of the nursing conference, and the role of the nurse in distributed health education.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
LaFee, Scott
2002-01-01
Describes the use of data-driven decision-making in four school districts: Plainfield Public Schools, Plainfield, New Jersey; Palo Alto Unified School District, Palo Alto, California; Francis Howell School District in eastern Missouri, northwest of St. Louis; and Rio Rancho Public Schools, near Albuquerque, New Mexico. Includes interviews with the…
Chriqui, Jamie F; Turner, Lindsey; Taber, Daniel R; Chaloupka, Frank J
2013-08-01
Given the importance of developing healthy eating patterns during early childhood, policies to improve the elementary school food and beverage environments are critical. To examine the association between district and state policy and/or law requirements regarding competitive food and beverages and public elementary school availability of foods and beverages high in fats, sugars, and/or sodium. Multivariate, pooled, cross-sectional analysis of data gathered annually during elementary school years 2008-2009 through 2010-2011 in the United States. Survey respondents at 1814 elementary schools (1485 unique) in 957 districts in 45 states (food analysis) and 1830 elementary schools (1497 unique) in 962 districts and 45 states (beverage analysis). EXPOSURES Competitive food and beverage policy restrictions at the state and/or district levels. Competitive food and beverage availability. RESULTS Sweets were 11.2 percentage points less likely to be available (32.3% vs 43.5%) when both the district and state limited sugar content, respectively. Regular-fat baked goods were less available when the state law, alone and in combination with district policy, limited fat content. Regular-fat ice cream was less available when any policy (district, state law, or both) limited competitive food fat content. Sugar-sweetened beverages were 9.5 percentage points less likely to be available when prohibited by district policy (3.6% vs 13.1%). Higher-fat milks (2% or whole milk) were less available when prohibited by district policy or state law, with either jurisdiction's policy or law associated with an approximately 15 percentage point reduction in availability. Both district and state policies and/or laws have the potential to reduce in-school availability of high-sugar, high-fat foods and beverages. Given the need to reduce empty calories in children's diets, governmental policies at all levels may be an effective tool.
Substance Use in Urban and Rural Texas School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Maxwell, Jane Carlisle; Tackett-Gibson, Melissa; Dyer, James
2006-01-01
The aim of this study is to compare substance use between urban and rural secondary school districts in Texas between 1998 and 2003. The differences were analyzed using chi-square and analysis of variance. The analysis found that rural schools had students who reported higher rates of use of tobacco, frequent binge drinking, and driving while…
Hamilton County: A Rural School District Profile.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Harned, Catherine
Using state education agency, census, industry employment and occupational information data, this paper provides a detailed picture of a rural school district in Southern Illinois. Mining and agriculture are the major industries in Hamilton County. The major mining employer closed in February 1988, and the drought of 1988 is likely to adversely…
Communication Network Design: West Ottawa School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Couch, David deS.
This report describes the technical details and rationale behind the decisions in the design and development of the communications network installed as part of a 1991-1993 district-wide construction project in the West Ottawa Public Schools (Michigan). The project called for development of a communications network to carry voice, data, and video…
Brazosport Independent School District Community Survey Summary.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Brazosport Independent School District, Freeport, TX.
Results of a 1980-81 survey of the perception of the Brazosport (Freeport, Texas) community regarding the Brazosport Independent School District (BISD) are summarized. The survey instrument consisted of: (1) a cover letter from the superintendent; (2) Part I--a series of multiple-choice questions on various education issues in Brazosport; (3) Part…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Scott, Caitlin
2010-01-01
The information in this report is drawn from the responses of a nationally representative sample of school districts to a broader Center on Education Policy (CEP) survey on American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) administered in the spring of 2010. Survey responses were weighted to draw conclusions for all districts in the 50 states…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lake, Robin; Winger, Abigail; Petty, Jeff
This guide provides an overview of the school development process. It is intended for anyone starting a new school, whether it be a public, private, or charter school, but focuses on starting a school within the traditional school-district structure. Section 1, "Getting Started," discusses identifying the basis of legal authority; building a…
Liu, Chieh-Hsing; Chang, Fong-Ching; Liao, Li-Ling; Niu, Yu-Zhen; Cheng, Chi-Chia; Shih, Shu-Fang; Chang, Tzu-Chau; Chou, Hsin-Pei
2015-08-01
In 2011, the Taiwan government expanded its support of school-district/university partnership programs that promote the implementation of the evidenced-based Health Promoting Schools (HPS) program. This study examined whether expanding the support for this initiative was effective in advancing HPS implementation, perceived HPS impact and perceived HPS efficacy in Taiwan. In 2011 and 2013, a total of 647 and 1195 schools, respectively, complemented the questionnaire. Univariate analysis results indicated that the HPS implementation levels for six components were significantly increased from 2011 to 2013. These components included school health policies, physical environment, social environment, teaching activities and school-community relationships. Participant teachers also reported significantly greater levels of perceived HPS impact and HPS efficacy after the expansion of support for school-district/university partnership programs. Multivariate analysis results indicated that after controlling for school level, HPS funding and HPS action research approach variables, the expansion had a positive impact on increasing the levels of HPS implementation, perceived HPS impact and perceived HPS efficacy. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Albright, Joyce L.; Safer, L. Arthur; Sims, Paul A.; Tagaris, Angela; Glasgow, Denise; Sekulich, Kim M.; Zaharis, Mary C.
2017-01-01
This research investigated the experiences of new teachers employed in urban school districts and how these novice teachers' perceived school district and school administrators' support required to retain them as well as teacher's perceptions of their pre-service experiences and/or induction programs necessary to prepare them for an urban…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Koch, Steven; Borg, Terry
2011-01-01
An Illinois district brings a local university into the district to craft advanced learning embedded in the needs of specific schools. Community High School District 155 in Crystal Lake, Ill., and Northern Illinois University (NIU) College of Education engaged in a partnership that has provided significant benefits, posed limited challenges, and…
A Systems Theory Approach to the District Central Office's Role in School-Level Improvement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mania-Singer, Jackie
2017-01-01
This qualitative case study used General Systems Theory and social network analysis to explore the relationships between the members of a district central office and principals of elementary schools within an urban school district in the Midwest. Findings revealed sparse relationships between members of the district central office and principals,…
The Implementation of CHARACTERplus in the Elementary Schools of a Midwestern Urban School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Shaw, Kimberly A.
2016-01-01
The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship of the implementation of CHARACTERplus and student discipline in twelve elementary schools of a large Midwestern urban school district. The goal of this study was to identify if there was relationship between the implementation of CHARACTERplus and the number of office discipline referrals…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
King, Jean A.; Rohmer-Hirt, Johnna A.
2011-01-01
From the 1980s to the present, educational accountability in the United States has grown dramatically. Such accountability in U.S. school districts, although driven primarily by external demands, has internal manifestations as well. The chapter traces the historical development of internal evaluation in American school districts, then highlights…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ober, Patrick; Decker, Janet R.
2016-01-01
This case illustrates why future school leaders must be prepared to handle complex legal and political issues that commonly arise in school districts today. We discuss a long-standing and unresolved legal battle between a Hasidic Jewish community and the public school district in East Ramapo, New York. In particular, we examine the difficulties…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sussman, Ari
2015-01-01
This chapter recounts the first 3 years of the Student Voice Collaborative (SVC) in New York City, a district supported student leadership initiative that engages high school aged youth in school reform work at school and district levels. Based on his experiences developing and running the SVC, the author identifies nine design and implementation…
Clinton County School District "Learning Management System" Dropout Prevention Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Thomas, Rudy
To provide potential dropouts with increased opportunities for academic and social success and ensure school and community involvement, the Clinton County School District (Kentucky) has developed a comprehensive dropout prevention program emphasizing the assessment of student needs. This paper describes the program's purpose, target groups,…
Fiscal Issues Concerning the Reorganization of Los Angeles Unified School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hoachlander, E. Gareth; Choy, Susan P.
To examine the fiscal implications of reorganizing the Los Angeles (California) Unified School District (LAUSD) into smaller, independent districts, researchers compared LAUSD revenues and expenditures with those of the balance of the state and analyzed differences in expenditures per student within LAUSD. This report on their evaluation is…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stuit, David A.
2010-01-01
This study investigates the successes of the charter and district sectors in eliminating bad schools via dramatic turnarounds in performance and/or shutdowns. It identified 2,025 low-performing charter and district schools across ten states, each of which is home to a sizable number of charter schools. These particular schools were tracked from…
Court Cases Involving Contracts for School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Allen, L. Hank
2011-01-01
The purpose of this research was to analyze trends in the United States regarding contract disputes that exist in school districts. Court cases were identified at the state and federal level to determine the outcomes and the fact patterns of contract disputes. To gain the knowledge of how courts handle cases of contractual breach, contracts…
Responses to Positive Results from Suspicionless Random Drug Tests in US Public School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ringwalt, Chris; Vincus, Amy A.; Ennett, Susan T.; Hanley, Sean; Bowling, J. Michael; Yacoubian, George S., Jr.; Rohrbach, Louise A.
2009-01-01
Background: Little is known about the context in which school-based suspicionless random drug testing (SRDT) occurs. The primary purpose of the current study was to describe school districts' responses to students' first positive result in districts with SRDT programs. Methods: Data were collected in spring 2005 from 1612 drug prevention…
Universal Design for Learning and the Port Jefferson School District: A Needs Assessment
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sladek-Maharg, Tara S.
2011-01-01
Purpose: This applied doctoral project purpose was to determine what was needed to implement UDL in the Port Jefferson school district, specifically determining district strengths and weaknesses. Data were collected with researcher-created surveys given to administrators, faculty members, and members of the parent organizations and the district's…
Everett Jones, Sherry; Wendel, Arthur M
2015-04-16
Joint use or shared use of public school facilities provides community access to facilities for varied purposes. We examined a nationally representative sample of school districts in the United States to identify characteristics associated with having a formal joint use agreement (JUA) and with the kinds of uses to which JUAs apply. We analyzed data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study. The response rate for the module containing questions about formal JUAs was 60.1% (N = 630). We used multivariate logistic regression models to examine the adjusted odds of having a formal JUA and χ(2) analyses to examine differences in district characteristics associated with the uses of the JUA. Among the 61.6% of school districts with a formal JUA, more than 80% had an agreement for the use of indoor and outdoor recreation facilities; other uses also were identified. JUAs were more common in urban than rural areas, in large than small school districts, and in the West compared with the Midwest, South, and Northeast. In many districts, school facilities appear to be an untapped resource for community members. Formal JUAs provide an opportunity for shared use while addressing issues of liability, cost, and logistics.
City Schools: How Districts and Communities Can Create Smart Education Systems
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rothman, Robert, Ed.
2007-01-01
In "City Schools," Robert Rothman and his colleagues at the Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University put forward a vision of "smart education systems" that link a highly functioning and effective school district with a comprehensive and accessible web of supports for children, youth, and families. One-third of…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Aritomi, Paola; Coopersmith, Jared; Gruber, Kerry
2009-01-01
This report presents selected findings from the school district data file of the 2007-08 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). SASS is a nationally representative sample survey of public, private, and Bureau of Indian Education-funded (BIE) K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The public school sample…
Dilemmas Presented by State Agency Takeovers of Local School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Steffy, Betty E.
During the 1988-89 school year, two local school districts were placed into "Phase III" of the Kentucky Educational Improvement Act (1978), a category of state receivership in which much local decision-making power was transferred to Kentucky Department of Education officials. When state education department intervention occurs, major…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Klamfoth, David E.
2013-01-01
The relationship between a superintendent and the school board is a key element in determining the tenure of the superintendent (Barth, 2003; Hoyle, English, & Steffy, 1998; Glass & Franceschini, 2007; Hess, 2002; Mountford, 2008), and superintendent tenure often determines the ability of school districts to make necessary improvements…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mason, Bryce; Mason, DeWayne A.; Mendez, Memo; Nelsen, Gregg; Orwig, Russ
2005-01-01
In this article we describe how an underperforming school district used research and theory on curriculum, assessment, implementation, and school and classroom organization to develop and implement district standards and improve the achievement of elementary school students. Key reforms included teachers developing essential curriculum standards,…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bozeman, William C.; Rothberg, Robert A.
Although the literature proclaims the need for school district and university cooperation, there are few analyses of existing partnership projects or examinations of factors facilitating or impeding successful school-university linkages and cooperation. This paper focuses on the central Florida school districts' partnership with the University of…
Build Bridge Believe: Houston Independent School District 2012-2013 Annual Report
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Houston Independent School District, 2013
2013-01-01
This report provides standard facts and figures about the Houston Independent School District's (HISD) finances, student populations, achievements, and more. HISD has humanized that data, as well, with vignettes and profiles that typify the remarkable programs and individuals in the district. One of the three drivers to achieve the vision of…