Revealing the inventory of type III effectors in Pantoea agglomerans gall-forming pathovars using draft genome sequences and a machine-learning approach.

PubMed

Nissan, Gal; Gershovits, Michael; Morozov, Michael; Chalupowicz, Laura; Sessa, Guido; Manulis-Sasson, Shulamit; Barash, Isaac; Pupko, Tal

2018-02-01

Pantoea agglomerans, a widespread epiphytic bacterium, has evolved into a hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp)-dependent and host-specific gall-forming pathogen by the acquisition of a pathogenicity plasmid containing a type III secretion system (T3SS) and its effectors (T3Es). Pantoea agglomerans pv. betae (Pab) elicits galls on beet (Beta vulgaris) and gypsophila (Gypsophila paniculata), whereas P. agglomerans pv. gypsophilae (Pag) incites galls on gypsophila and a hypersensitive response (HR) on beet. Draft genome sequences were generated and employed in combination with a machine-learning approach and a translocation assay into beet roots to identify the pools of T3Es in the two pathovars. The genomes of the sequenced Pab4188 and Pag824-1 strains have a similar size (∼5 MB) and GC content (∼55%). Mutational analysis revealed that, in Pab4188, eight T3Es (HsvB, HsvG, PseB, DspA/E, HopAY1, HopX2, HopAF1 and HrpK) contribute to pathogenicity on beet and gypsophila. In Pag824-1, nine T3Es (HsvG, HsvB, PthG, DspA/E, HopAY1, HopD1, HopX2, HopAF1 and HrpK) contribute to pathogenicity on gypsophila, whereas the PthG effector triggers HR on beet. HsvB, HsvG, PthG and PseB appear to endow pathovar specificities to Pab and Pag, and no homologous T3Es were identified for these proteins in other phytopathogenic bacteria. Conversely, the remaining T3Es contribute to the virulence of both pathovars, and homologous T3Es were found in other phytopathogenic bacteria. Remarkably, HsvG and HsvB, which act as host-specific transcription factors, displayed the largest contribution to disease development. © 2016 BSPP AND JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD.

Pantoea agglomerans: a mysterious bacterium of evil and good. Part II--Deleterious effects: Dust-borne endotoxins and allergens--focus on grain dust, other agricultural dusts and wood dust.

PubMed

Dutkiewicz, Jacek; Mackiewicz, Barbara; Lemieszek, Marta Kinga; Golec, Marcin; Skórska, Czesława; Góra-Florek, Anna; Milanowski, Janusz

2016-01-01

Pantoea agglomerans, a Gram-negative bacterium developing in a variety of plants as epiphyte or endophyte is particularly common in grain and grain dust, and has been identified by an interdisciplinary group from Lublin, eastern Poland, as a causative agent of work-related diseases associated with exposure to grain dust and other agricultural dusts. The concentration of P. agglomerans in grain as well as in the settled grain and flour dust was found to be high, ranging from 10(4)-10(8) CFU/g, while in the air polluted with grain or flour dust it ranged from 10(3)-10(5) CFU/m(3) and formed 73.2-96% of the total airborne Gram-negative bacteria. The concentration of P. agglomerans was also relatively high in the air of the facilities processing herbs and other plant materials, while it was lower in animal farms and in wood processing facilities. Pantoea agglomerans produces a biologically-potent endotoxin (cell wall lipopolysaccharide, LPS). The significant part of this endotoxin occurs in dusts in the form of virus-sized globular nanoparticles measuring 10-50 nm that could be described as the 'endotoxin super-macromolecules'. A highly significant relationship was found (R=0.804, P=0.000927) between the concentration of the viable P. agglomerans in the air of various agricultural and wood industry settings and the concentration of bacterial endotoxin in the air, as assessed by the Limulus test. Although this result may be interfered by the presence of endotoxin produced by other Gram-negative species, it unequivocally suggests the primary role of the P. agglomerans endotoxin as an adverse agent in the agricultural working environment, causing toxic pneumonitis (ODTS). Numerous experiments by the inhalation exposure of animals to various extracts of P. agglomerans strains isolated from grain dust, including endotoxin isolated with trichloroacetic acid (LPS-TCA), endotoxin nanoparticles isolated in sucrose gradient (VECN), and mixture of proteins and endotoxin obtained

Dichromatic and monochromatic laser radiation effects on survival and morphology of Pantoea agglomerans

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thomé, A. M. C.; Souza, B. P.; Mendes, J. P. M.; Soares, L. C.; Trajano, E. T. L.; Fonseca, A. S.

2017-05-01

Despite the beneficial effects of low-level lasers on wound healing, their application for treatment of infected injuries is controversial because low-level lasers could stimulate bacterial growth exacerbating the infectious process. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate in vitro effects of low-level lasers on survival, morphology and cell aggregation of Pantoea agglomerans. P. agglomerans samples were isolated from human pressure injuries and cultures were exposed to low-level monochromatic and simultaneous dichromatic laser radiation to study the survival, cell aggregation, filamentation and morphology of bacterial cells in exponential and stationary growth phases. Fluence, wavelength and emission mode were those used in therapeutic protocols for wound healing. Data show no changes in morphology and cell aggregation, but dichromatic laser radiation decreased bacterial survival in exponential growth phase and monochromatic red and infrared lasers increased bacterial survival at the same fluence. Simultaneous dichromatic laser radiation induces biological effects that differ from those induced by monochromatic laser radiation and simultaneous dichromatic laser could be the option for treatment of infected pressure injuries by Pantoea agglomerans.

Atomic resolution structure of EhpR: phenazine resistance in Enterobacter agglomerans Eh1087 follows principles of bleomycin/mitomycin C resistance in other bacteria

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background The phenazines are redox-active secondary metabolites that a large number of bacterial strains produce and excrete into the environment. They possess antibiotic activity owing to the fact that they can reduce molecular oxygen to toxic reactive oxygen species. In order to take advantage of this activity, phenazine producers need to protect themselves against phenazine toxicity. Whereas it is believed that phenazine-producing pseudomonads possess highly active superoxide dismutases and catalases, it has recently been found that the plant-colonizing bacterium Enterobacter agglomerans expresses a small gene ehpR to render itself resistant towards D-alanyl-griseoluteic acid, the phenazine antibiotic produced by this strain. Results To understand the resistance mechanism installed by EhpR we have determined its crystal structure in the apo form at 2.15 Å resolution and in complex with griseoluteic acid at 1.01 Å, respectively. While EhpR shares a common fold with glyoxalase-I/bleomycin resistance proteins, the ligand binding site does not contain residues that some related proteins employ to chemically alter their substrates. Binding of the antibiotic is mediated by π-stacking interactions of the aromatic moiety with the side chains of aromatic amino acids and by a few polar interactions. The dissociation constant KD between EhpR and griseoluteic acid was quantified as 244 ± 45 μM by microscale thermophoresis measurements. Conclusions The data accumulated here suggest that EhpR confers resistance by binding D-alanyl-griseoluteic acid and acting as a chaperone involved in exporting the antibiotic rather than by altering it chemically. It is tempting to speculate that EhpR acts in concert with EhpJ, a transport protein of the major facilitator superfamily that is also encoded in the phenazine biosynthesis operon of E. agglomerans. The low affinity of EhpR for griseoluteic acid may be required for its physiological function. PMID:21849072

Dichromatic and monochromatic laser radiation effects on antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and division rate of Pantoea agglomerans

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thomé, A. M. C.; Souza, B. P.; Mendes, J. P. M.; Cardoso, A. F. R.; Soares, L. C.; Trajano, E. T. L.; Fonseca, A. S.

2018-06-01

Since infection is a common cause of delayed wound healing, it is important to understand the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in bacterial mechanisms. In this study we evaluated the effects of LLLT on antibiotic resistance, division rate, and biofilm formation of Pantoea agglomerans. P. agglomerans samples were isolated from human pressure injuries in humans and cultures were exposed to low-level monochromatic and simultaneous dichromatic laser radiation to study the susceptibility of an antimicrobial to ampicillin and piperacillin  +  tazobactam, quantification of areas of bacterial colonies, and biofilm formation of bacterial cells. Fluence, wavelength, and emission mode were used in the therapeutic protocols for wound healing. The data showed no changes in the areas of the colonies, but dichromatic laser radiation decreased biofilm formation, while a monochromatic red laser at low dose increased biofilm formation and infrared at high dose decreased antibiotic resistance to ampicillin. LLLT modulates antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation of P. agglomerans, but these depend on the laser irradiation parameters, since dichromatic laser radiation induces biological effects that differ from those induced by monochromatic laser radiation. Thus, simultaneous dichromatic low-level red and infrared lasers could be a new option for the treatment of infected wounds, reducing biofilm formation, without altering antibiotic resistance and the division rate of P. agglomerans cultures.

Transmission of Pantoea ananatis and P. agglomerans, causal agents of center rot of onion (Allium cepa), by onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) through feces.

PubMed

Dutta, B; Barman, A K; Srinivasan, R; Avci, U; Ullman, D E; Langston, D B; Gitaitis, R D

2014-08-01

Frankliniella fusca, the tobacco thrips, has been shown to acquire and transmit Pantoea ananatis, one of the causal agents of the center rot of onion. Although Thrips tabaci, the onion thrips, is a common pest of onions, its role as a vector of P. ananatis has been unknown. The bacterium, P. agglomerans, is also associated with the center rot of onion, but its transmission by thrips has not been previously investigated. In this study, we investigated the relationship of T. tabaci with P. ananatis and P. agglomerans. Surface-sterilized T. tabaci were provided with various acquisition access periods (AAP) on onion leaves inoculated with either P. ananatis or P. agglomerans. A positive exponential relationship was observed between thrips AAP duration and P. ananatis (R² = 0.967; P = 0.023) or P. agglomerans acquisition (R² = 0.958; P = 0.017). Transmission experiments conducted with T. tabaci adults indicated that 70% of the seedlings developed center rot symptoms 15 days after inoculation. Immunofluorescence microscopy with antibodies specific to P. ananatis revealed that the bacterium was localized only in the gut of T. tabaci adults. Mechanical inoculation of onion seedlings with fecal rinsates alone produced center rot but not with salivary secretions. Together these results suggested that T. tabaci could efficiently transmit P. ananatis and P. agglomerans.

76 FR 6629 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Forms G-325, G-325A, G-325B, and G-325C; Extension of...

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Rhizosphere competent Pantoea agglomerans enhances maize (Zea mays) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) growth, without altering the rhizosphere functional diversity.

PubMed

Mishra, Aradhana; Chauhan, Puneet Singh; Chaudhry, Vasvi; Tripathi, Manisha; Nautiyal, Chandra Shekhar

2011-10-01

Plant growth promoting Pantoea agglomerans NBRISRM (NBRISRM) was able to produce 60.4 μg/ml indole acetic acid and solubilize 77.5 μg/ml tri-calcium phosphate under in vitro conditions. Addition of 2% NaCl (w/v) in the media induced the IAA production and phosphate solubilization by 11% and 7%, respectively. For evaluating the plant growth promotory effect of NBRISRM inoculation a micro plot trial was conducted using maize and chickpea as host plants. The results revealed significant increase in all growth parameters tested in NBRISRM inoculated maize and chickpea plants, which were further confirmed by higher macronutrients (N, P and K) accumulation as compared to un-inoculated controls. Throughout the growing season of maize and chickpea, rhizosphere population of NBRISRM were in the range 10(7)-10(8) CFU/g soil and competing with 10(7)-10(9) CFU/g soil with heterogeneous bacterial population. Functional richness, diversity, and evenness were found significantly higher in maize rhizosphere as compared to chickpea, whereas NBRISRM inoculation were not able to change it, in both crops as compared to their un-inoculated control. To the best of our knowledge this is first report where we demonstrated the effect of P. agglomerans strain for improving maize and chickpea growth without altering the functional diversity.

Outbreak of Pantoea agglomerans Bloodstream Infections at an Oncology Clinic-Illinois, 2012-2013.

PubMed

Yablon, Brian R; Dantes, Raymund; Tsai, Victoria; Lim, Rachel; Moulton-Meissner, Heather; Arduino, Matthew; Jensen, Bette; Patel, Megan Toth; Vernon, Michael O; Grant-Greene, Yoran; Christiansen, Demian; Conover, Craig; Kallen, Alexander; Guh, Alice Y

2017-03-01

OBJECTIVE To determine the source of a healthcare-associated outbreak of Pantoea agglomerans bloodstream infections. DESIGN Epidemiologic investigation of the outbreak. SETTING Oncology clinic (clinic A). METHODS Cases were defined as Pantoea isolation from blood or catheter tip cultures of clinic A patients during July 2012-May 2013. Clinic A medical charts and laboratory records were reviewed; infection prevention practices and the facility's water system were evaluated. Environmental samples were collected for culture. Clinical and environmental P. agglomerans isolates were compared using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. RESULTS Twelve cases were identified; median (range) age was 65 (41-78) years. All patients had malignant tumors and had received infusions at clinic A. Deficiencies in parenteral medication preparation and handling were identified (eg, placing infusates near sinks with potential for splash-back contamination). Facility inspection revealed substantial dead-end water piping and inadequate chlorine residual in tap water from multiple sinks, including the pharmacy clean room sink. P. agglomerans was isolated from composite surface swabs of 7 sinks and an ice machine; the pharmacy clean room sink isolate was indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis from 7 of 9 available patient isolates. CONCLUSIONS Exposure of locally prepared infusates to a contaminated pharmacy sink caused the outbreak. Improvements in parenteral medication preparation, including moving chemotherapy preparation offsite, along with terminal sink cleaning and water system remediation ended the outbreak. Greater awareness of recommended medication preparation and handling practices as well as further efforts to better define the contribution of contaminated sinks and plumbing deficiencies to healthcare-associated infections are needed. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:314-319.

Immunopotentiator from Pantoea agglomerans Prevents Atopic Dermatitis Induced by Dermatophagoides farinae Extract in NC/Nga Mouse.

PubMed

Wakame, Koji; Komatsu, Ken-Ichi; Inagawa, Hiroyuki; Nishizawa, Takashi

2015-08-01

Pantoea agglomerans LPS (immunopotentiator from Pantoea agglomerans 1: IP-PA1) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects in in vitro and in vivo models. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of orally-administered IP-PA1 on atopic dermatitis (AD) symptoms induced by Dermatophagoides farinae body extract (DFE) in NC/Nga mice. Using the NC/Nga AD murine model, mice were orally administered 0.1% (High) or 0.01% (Low) water-containing IP-PA1. Skin lesion assessment and blood collection from the caudal vein was performed on days 0, 7, 21 and 31. On day 31, all mice were sacrificed and blood, skin, spleen, as well as intestine samples, were obtained. Assessment score of the skin lesion and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) level of both IP-PA1 groups were significantly lower than that of the DFE group on days 14 and 21. The serum periostin and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) level of IP-PA1-Low group was significantly lower than that of the DFE group on day 31. On histological examination of the skin, hyperplasia of epidermal and dermal layers and infiltration of inflammatory cells were suppressed by IP-PA1 administration. Deposition of periostin was observed in the DFE group skin tissue. Moreover, the CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio of splenic T-cells increased by IP-PA1 administration. IP-PA1 administration may have an inhibitory effect on AD skin lesions. Copyright© 2015 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved.

Nutritional environment influences transcription of a pantocin A biosynthesis gene in Pantoea vagans strain C9-1

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The histidine-reversible antibiotic pantocin A is produced by Pantoea vagans strain C9-1 and Pantoea agglomerans strains Eh252, EH318 and P10c and contributes significantly to efficacy of biological control of fire blight of pear and apple flowers caused by Erwinia amylovora. Antibiosis by pantocin ...

77 FR 50519 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Forms G-325, G-325A, G-325B, and G-325C; Extension of a...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-21

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Klebsiella pneumoniae inoculants for enhancing plant growth

DOEpatents

Triplett, Eric W [Middleton, WI; Kaeppler, Shawn M [Oregon, WI; Chelius, Marisa K [Greeley, CO

2008-07-01

A biological inoculant for enhancing the growth of plants is disclosed. The inoculant includes the bacterial strains Herbaspirillum seropedicae 2A, Pantoea agglomerans P101, Pantoea agglomerans P102, Klebsiella pneumoniae 342, Klebsiella pneumoniae zmvsy, Herbaspirillum seropedicae Z152, Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus PA15, with or without a carrier. The inoculant also includes strains of the bacterium Pantoea agglomerans and K. pneumoniae which are able to enhance the growth of cereal grasses. Also disclosed are the novel bacterial strains Herbaspirillum seropedicae 2A, Pantoea agglomerans P101 and P102, and Klebsiella pneumoniae 342 and zmvsy.

Gene expression profile of the plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum under the antagonistic effect of Pantoea agglomerans.

PubMed

Pandolfi, V; Jorge, E C; Melo, C M R; Albuquerque, A C S; Carrer, H

2010-07-06

The pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum is an ongoing threat to agriculture, causing losses in grain yield and quality in diverse crops. Substantial progress has been made in the identification of genes involved in the suppression of phytopathogens by antagonistic microorganisms; however, limited information regarding responses of plant pathogens to these biocontrol agents is available. Gene expression analysis was used to identify differentially expressed transcripts of the fungal plant pathogen F. graminearum under antagonistic effect of the bacterium Pantoea agglomerans. A macroarray was constructed, using 1014 transcripts from an F. graminearum cDNA library. Probes consisted of the cDNA of F. graminearum grown in the presence and in the absence of P. agglomerans. Twenty-nine genes were either up (19) or down (10) regulated during interaction with the antagonist bacterium. Genes encoding proteins associated with fungal defense and/or virulence or with nutritional and oxidative stress responses were induced. The repressed genes coded for a zinc finger protein associated with cell division, proteins containing cellular signaling domains, respiratory chain proteins, and chaperone-type proteins. These data give molecular and biochemical evidence of response of F. graminearum to an antagonist and could help develop effective biocontrol procedures for pathogenic plant fungi.

9 CFR 325.9 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false [Reserved] 325.9 Section 325.9 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGENCY ORGANIZATION... CERTIFICATION TRANSPORTATION § 325.9 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 421.325 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2014-07-01 2012-07-01 true [Reserved] 421.325 Section 421.325 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Secondary Uranium Subcategory § 421.325 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 421.325 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2011-07-01 2009-07-01 true [Reserved] 421.325 Section 421.325 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Secondary Uranium Subcategory § 421.325 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 421.325 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true [Reserved] 421.325 Section 421.325 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Secondary Uranium Subcategory § 421.325 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 421.325 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 421.325 Section 421.325 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Secondary Uranium Subcategory § 421.325 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 421.325 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true [Reserved] 421.325 Section 421.325 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS NONFERROUS METALS MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Secondary Uranium Subcategory § 421.325 [Reserved] ...

46 CFR 174.325 - Equalization.

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2011-10-01

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46 CFR 174.325 - Equalization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

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28 CFR 32.5 - Evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

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45 CFR 32.5 - Hearing.

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2012-10-01

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45 CFR 32.5 - Hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

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45 CFR 32.5 - Hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

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49 CFR 214.325 - Train coordination.

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2011-10-01

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49 CFR 214.325 - Train coordination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

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49 CFR 325.91 - Exhaust systems.

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2013-10-01

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2012-10-01

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49 CFR 325.91 - Exhaust systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

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47 CFR 22.325 - Control points.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

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47 CFR 22.325 - Control points.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Control points. 22.325 Section 22.325... Operational and Technical Requirements Operational Requirements § 22.325 Control points. Each station in the Public Mobile Services must have at least one control point and a person on duty who is responsible for...

47 CFR 22.325 - Control points.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Control points. 22.325 Section 22.325... Operational and Technical Requirements Operational Requirements § 22.325 Control points. Each station in the Public Mobile Services must have at least one control point and a person on duty who is responsible for...

47 CFR 22.325 - Control points.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Control points. 22.325 Section 22.325... Operational and Technical Requirements Operational Requirements § 22.325 Control points. Each station in the Public Mobile Services must have at least one control point and a person on duty who is responsible for...

Thermal Runaway Due to Strain-Heading Feedback,

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-05-28

ApprovedREPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OMBNo. 0704-0188 la. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION lb. RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS 2a. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3...instability. The thermal runaway phenomenon has been discussed in the geophysics literature (e.g. Brun and Cobbold 1980, Cary et al. 1979 and Wan et al...pp. 325-342. Boley, B.A. and Weiner, J.H., 1960, Theory of Thermal Stresses, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Brun, Y.P. and Cobbold , P.R., 1980, Strain

14 CFR 325.6 - Periodic reviews.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Periodic reviews. 325.6 Section 325.6... REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE PROCEDURES § 325.6 Periodic reviews. (a) The Department will start a periodic review of essential air service within 1 year of the date of the previous determination of...

45 CFR 150.325 - Settlement authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Settlement authority. 150.325 Section 150.325 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS CMS... Governmental Plans-Civil Money Penalties § 150.325 Settlement authority. Nothing in §§ 150.315 through 150.323...

49 CFR 325.91 - Exhaust systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Exhaust systems. 325.91 Section 325.91... EMISSION STANDARDS Exhaust Systems and Tires § 325.91 Exhaust systems. Link to an amendment published at 75 FR 57193, Sept. 20, 2010. A motor vehicle does not conform to the visual exhaust system inspection...

30 CFR 75.325 - Air quantity.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Air quantity. 75.325 Section 75.325 Mineral... SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Ventilation § 75.325 Air quantity. (a)(1) In bituminous and lignite mines the quantity of air shall be at least 3,000 cubic feet per minute reaching each working face...

30 CFR 75.325 - Air quantity.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Air quantity. 75.325 Section 75.325 Mineral... SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Ventilation § 75.325 Air quantity. (a)(1) In bituminous and lignite mines the quantity of air shall be at least 3,000 cubic feet per minute reaching each working face...

30 CFR 75.325 - Air quantity.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Air quantity. 75.325 Section 75.325 Mineral... SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Ventilation § 75.325 Air quantity. (a)(1) In bituminous and lignite mines the quantity of air shall be at least 3,000 cubic feet per minute reaching each working face...

30 CFR 75.325 - Air quantity.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Air quantity. 75.325 Section 75.325 Mineral... SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Ventilation § 75.325 Air quantity. (a)(1) In bituminous and lignite mines the quantity of air shall be at least 3,000 cubic feet per minute reaching each working face...

30 CFR 75.325 - Air quantity.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Air quantity. 75.325 Section 75.325 Mineral... SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Ventilation § 75.325 Air quantity. (a)(1) In bituminous and lignite mines the quantity of air shall be at least 3,000 cubic feet per minute reaching each working face...

7 CFR 4274.325 - Interest rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Interest rates. 4274.325 Section 4274.325 Agriculture... (IRP) § 4274.325 Interest rates. (a) Loans made by the Agency pursuant to this subpart shall bear interest at a fixed rate of 1 percent per annum over the term of the loan. (b) Interest rates charged by...

7 CFR 4274.325 - Interest rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Interest rates. 4274.325 Section 4274.325 Agriculture... (IRP) § 4274.325 Interest rates. (a) Loans made by the Agency pursuant to this subpart shall bear interest at a fixed rate of 1 percent per annum over the term of the loan. (b) Interest rates charged by...

7 CFR 4274.325 - Interest rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Interest rates. 4274.325 Section 4274.325 Agriculture... (IRP) § 4274.325 Interest rates. (a) Loans made by the Agency pursuant to this subpart shall bear interest at a fixed rate of 1 percent per annum over the term of the loan. (b) Interest rates charged by...

7 CFR 4274.325 - Interest rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Interest rates. 4274.325 Section 4274.325 Agriculture... (IRP) § 4274.325 Interest rates. (a) Loans made by the Agency pursuant to this subpart shall bear interest at a fixed rate of 1 percent per annum over the term of the loan. (b) Interest rates charged by...

7 CFR 4274.325 - Interest rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Interest rates. 4274.325 Section 4274.325 Agriculture... (IRP) § 4274.325 Interest rates. (a) Loans made by the Agency pursuant to this subpart shall bear interest at a fixed rate of 1 percent per annum over the term of the loan. (b) Interest rates charged by...

The type III effector HsvG of the gall-forming Pantoea agglomerans mediates expression of the host gene HSVGT.

PubMed

Nissan, Gal; Manulis-Sasson, Shulamit; Chalupowicz, Laura; Teper, Doron; Yeheskel, Adva; Pasmanik-Chor, Metsada; Sessa, Guido; Barash, Isaac

2012-02-01

The type III effector HsvG of the gall-forming Pantoea agglomerans pv. gypsophilae is a DNA-binding protein that is imported to the host nucleus and involved in host specificity. The DNA-binding region of HsvG was delineated to 266 amino acids located within a secondary structure region near the N-terminus of the protein but did not display any homology to canonical DNA-binding motifs. A binding site selection procedure was used to isolate a target gene of HsvG, named HSVGT, in Gypsophila paniculata. HSVGT is a predicted acidic protein of the DnaJ family with 244 amino acids. It harbors characteristic conserved motifs of a eukaryotic transcription factor, including a bipartite nuclear localization signal, zinc finger, and leucine zipper DNA-binding motifs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that HSVGT transcription is specifically induced in planta within 2 h after inoculation with the wild-type P. agglomerans pv. gypsophilae compared with the hsvG mutant. Induction of HSVGT reached a peak of sixfold at 4 h after inoculation and progressively declined thereafter. Gel-shift assay demonstrated that HsvG binds to the HSVGT promoter, indicating that HSVGT is a direct target of HsvG. Our results support the hypothesis that HsvG functions as a transcription factor in gypsophila.

Influence of diluent and sample processing methods on the recovery of the biocontrol agent Pantoea agglomerans CPA-2 from different fruit surfaces.

PubMed

Torres, R; Viñas, I; Usall, J; Remón, D; Teixidó, N

2012-08-01

Determining the populations of biocontrol agents applied as a postharvest treatment on fruit surfaces is fundamental to the assessment of the microorganisms' ability to colonise and persist on fruit. To obtain maximum recovery, we must develop a methodology that involves both diluent and processing methods and that does not affect the viability of the microorganisms. The effect of diluent composition was evaluated using three diluents: phosphate buffer, peptone saline and buffered peptone saline. An additional study was performed to compare three processing methods (shaking plus sonication, stomaching and shaking plus centrifugation) on the recovery efficiency of Pantoea agglomerans strain CPA-2 from apples, oranges, nectarines and peaches treated with this biocontrol agent. Overall, slight differences occurred among diluents, although the phosphate buffer maintained the most ideal pH for CPA-2 growth (between 5.2 and 6.2). Stomaching, using the phosphate buffer as diluent, was the best procedure for recovering and enumerating the biocontrol agent; this fact suggested that no lethal effects from naturally occurring antimicrobial compounds present on the fruit skins and/or produced when the tissues were disrupted affected the recovery of the CPA-2 cells, regardless of fruit type. The growth pattern of CPA-2 on fruits maintained at 20°C and under cold conditions was similar to that obtained in previous studies, which confirms the excellent adaptation of this strain to conditions commonly used for fruit storage. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

45 CFR 3.25 - Servicing of vehicles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Servicing of vehicles. 3.25 Section 3.25 Public... THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH FEDERAL ENCLAVE Traffic Regulations § 3.25 Servicing of vehicles. A... vehicle. ...

15 CFR 325.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Definitions. 325.2 Section 325.2 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS EXPORT TRADE CERTIFICATES OF...

7 CFR 1210.325 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Procedure. 1210.325 Section 1210.325 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS... mail, telegraph, telephone, or by other means of communication; Provided, That each member receives an...

7 CFR 1210.325 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedure. 1210.325 Section 1210.325 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS... mail, telegraph, telephone, or by other means of communication; Provided, That each member receives an...

12 CFR 325.5 - Miscellaneous.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Miscellaneous. 325.5 Section 325.5 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY CAPITAL..., covenants, terms, restrictions, or provisions that are inconsistent with safe and sound banking practices. A...

17 CFR 32.5 - Disclosure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... effect of any foreign currency fluctuations with respect to commodity option transactions which are to be... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Disclosure. 32.5 Section 32.5 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION REGULATION OF COMMODITY OPTION...

49 CFR 325.7 - Allowable noise levels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Allowable noise levels. 325.7 Section 325.7... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION GENERAL REGULATIONS COMPLIANCE WITH INTERSTATE MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS General Provisions § 325.7 Allowable noise levels. Motor vehicle noise emissions, when...

Microbial degradation of phosmet on blueberry fruit and in aqueous systems by indigenous bacterial flora on lowbush blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium).

PubMed

Crowe, K M; Bushway, A A; Bushway, R J; Davis-Dentici, K

2007-10-01

Phosmet-adapted bacteria isolated from lowbush blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium) were evaluated for their ability to degrade phosmet on blueberry fruit and in minimal salt solutions. Microbial metabolism of phosmet by isolates of Enterobacter agglomerans and Pseudomonas fluorescens resulted in significant reductions (P < 0.05; 33.8%) in phosmet residues on blueberry fruit. Degradation was accompanied by microbial proliferation of phosmet-adapted bacteria. Preferential utilization of phosmet as a carbon source was investigated in minimal salt solutions inoculated with either E. agglomerans or P. fluorescens and supplemented with phosmet or phosmet and glucose. Microbial degradation concurrent with the proliferation of P. fluorescens was similar in both liquid systems, indicative of preferential utilization of phosmet as an energy substrate. E. agglomerans exhibited the ability to degrade phosmet as a carbon source, yet in the presence of added glucose, phosmet degradation occurred within the 1st 24 h only followed by total population mortality resulting in no appreciable degradation. Characteristic utilization of glucose by this isolate suggests a possible switch in carbon substrate utilization away from phosmet, which resulted in toxicity from the remaining phosmet. Overall, microbial metabolism of phosmet as an energy source resulted in significant degradation of residues on blueberries and in minimal salt solutions. Thus, the role of adapted strains of E. agglomerans and P. fluorescens in degrading phosmet on blueberries represents an extensive plant-microorganism relationship, which is essential to determination of phosmet persistence under pre- and postharvest conditions.

47 CFR 27.322-27.325 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 27.322-27.325 Section 27.322-27.325 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES MISCELLANEOUS WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES Application, Licensing, and Processing Rules for WCS §§ 27.322-27.325 [Reserved] ...

47 CFR 27.322-27.325 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false [Reserved] 27.322-27.325 Section 27.322-27.325 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES MISCELLANEOUS WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES Application, Licensing, and Processing Rules for WCS §§ 27.322-27.325 [Reserved] ...

33 CFR 117.325 - St. Johns River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Johns River. 117.325 Section 117.325 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Florida § 117.325 St. Johns River. (a) The drawspan...

2 CFR 170.325 - Subaward.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Subaward. 170.325 Section 170.325 Grants and Agreements Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET GOVERNMENTWIDE GUIDANCE FOR GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS NATIONAL POLICY REQUIREMENTS REPORTING SUBAWARD AND EXECUTIVE...

2 CFR 170.325 - Subaward.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Subaward. 170.325 Section 170.325 Grants and Agreements Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET GOVERNMENTWIDE GUIDANCE FOR GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS Reserved REPORTING SUBAWARD AND EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION...

2 CFR 170.325 - Subaward.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Subaward. 170.325 Section 170.325 Grants and Agreements Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET GOVERNMENTWIDE GUIDANCE FOR GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS [Reserved] REPORTING SUBAWARD AND EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION...

Epidemiology and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacter spp., Pantoea agglomerans, and Serratia marcescens isolates from a Bulgarian hospital.

PubMed

Markovska, Rumyana Donkova; Stoeva, Temenuga Jekova; Bojkova, Kalina Dineva; Mitov, Ivan Gergov

2014-04-01

Forty-two extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates of Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Pantoea agglomerans, and Serratia marcescens, collected consecutively during the period January-November 2011 from the University Hospital in Varna, Bulgaria, were studied to characterize their ESBLs by isoelectric focusing, group-specific PCR, and sequencing. The epidemiological relationship was evaluated by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD). Transferability of ESBL genes was determined by conjugation experiments. Plasmid analysis was done by replicon typing and PstI fingerprinting. The overall rate of ESBL production was 20%. The most widespread enzyme was CTX-M-3, found in 64%. It was dominant in E. aerogenes (100%) and S. marcescens (83%). SHV-12, CTX-M-3, and CTX-M-15 were found among E. cloacae isolates in 50%, 35%, and 45%, respectively. Three main CTX-M-3-producing epidemic clones of E. aerogenes and S. marcescens have been detected. Among E. cloacae isolates, six different RAPD profiles were discerned. The plasmids harboring blaCTX-M-3 belonged to IncL/M type and demonstrated similar PstI fingerprinting profiles. IncFII plasmids were detected in two CTX-M-15-producing E. cloacae isolates. Our results demonstrate wide intrahospital dissemination of clonal E. aerogenes and S. marcescens isolates, carrying IncL/M conjugative plasmids.

6 CFR 27.325 - Burden of proof.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Burden of proof. 27.325 Section 27.325 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI-TERRORISM STANDARDS Orders and Adjudications § 27.325 Burden of proof. The Assistant Secretary bears the initial...

6 CFR 27.325 - Burden of proof.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Burden of proof. 27.325 Section 27.325 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI-TERRORISM STANDARDS Orders and Adjudications § 27.325 Burden of proof. The Assistant Secretary bears the initial...

6 CFR 27.325 - Burden of proof.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Burden of proof. 27.325 Section 27.325 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI-TERRORISM STANDARDS Orders and Adjudications § 27.325 Burden of proof. The Assistant Secretary bears the initial...

6 CFR 27.325 - Burden of proof.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Burden of proof. 27.325 Section 27.325 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI-TERRORISM STANDARDS Orders and Adjudications § 27.325 Burden of proof. The Assistant Secretary bears the initial...

6 CFR 27.325 - Burden of proof.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Burden of proof. 27.325 Section 27.325 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI-TERRORISM STANDARDS Orders and Adjudications § 27.325 Burden of proof. The Assistant Secretary bears the initial...

20 CFR 325.5 - Death of employee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Death of employee. 325.5 Section 325.5 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.5 Death of employee. If an employee dies before filing...

20 CFR 325.5 - Death of employee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2014-04-01 2012-04-01 true Death of employee. 325.5 Section 325.5 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.5 Death of employee. If an employee dies before filing...

20 CFR 325.5 - Death of employee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Death of employee. 325.5 Section 325.5 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.5 Death of employee. If an employee dies before filing...

20 CFR 325.5 - Death of employee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Death of employee. 325.5 Section 325.5 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.5 Death of employee. If an employee dies before filing...

20 CFR 325.5 - Death of employee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2013-04-01 2012-04-01 true Death of employee. 325.5 Section 325.5 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.5 Death of employee. If an employee dies before filing...

45 CFR 3.25 - Servicing of vehicles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Servicing of vehicles. 3.25 Section 3.25 Public Welfare Department of Health and Human Services GENERAL ADMINISTRATION CONDUCT OF PERSONS AND TRAFFIC ON THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH FEDERAL ENCLAVE Traffic Regulations § 3.25 Servicing of vehicles. A...

45 CFR 3.25 - Servicing of vehicles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Servicing of vehicles. 3.25 Section 3.25 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION CONDUCT OF PERSONS AND TRAFFIC ON THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH FEDERAL ENCLAVE Traffic Regulations § 3.25 Servicing of vehicles. A...

45 CFR 3.25 - Servicing of vehicles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Servicing of vehicles. 3.25 Section 3.25 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION CONDUCT OF PERSONS AND TRAFFIC ON THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH FEDERAL ENCLAVE Traffic Regulations § 3.25 Servicing of vehicles. A...

45 CFR 3.25 - Servicing of vehicles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Servicing of vehicles. 3.25 Section 3.25 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION CONDUCT OF PERSONS AND TRAFFIC ON THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH FEDERAL ENCLAVE Traffic Regulations § 3.25 Servicing of vehicles. A...

15 CFR 325.13 - Nonadmissibility in evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Nonadmissibility in evidence. 325.13 Section 325.13 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued... OF REVIEW § 325.13 Nonadmissibility in evidence. If the Secretary denies, in whole or in part, an...

15 CFR 325.14 - Submitting reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Submitting reports. 325.14 Section 325.14 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS EXPORT TRADE CERTIFICATES...

20 CFR 325.4 - Claim for unemployment benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Claim for unemployment benefits. 325.4 Section 325.4 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.4 Claim for unemployment benefits. (a...

20 CFR 325.4 - Claim for unemployment benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Claim for unemployment benefits. 325.4 Section 325.4 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.4 Claim for unemployment benefits. (a...

20 CFR 325.4 - Claim for unemployment benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Claim for unemployment benefits. 325.4 Section 325.4 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.4 Claim for unemployment benefits. (a...

20 CFR 325.4 - Claim for unemployment benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2013-04-01 2012-04-01 true Claim for unemployment benefits. 325.4 Section 325.4 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.4 Claim for unemployment benefits. (a...

20 CFR 325.4 - Claim for unemployment benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2014-04-01 2012-04-01 true Claim for unemployment benefits. 325.4 Section 325.4 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.4 Claim for unemployment benefits. (a...

49 CFR 325.9 - Measurement tolerances.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Measurement tolerances. 325.9 Section 325.9 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY... allowed to take into account the effects of the following factors: (1) The consensus standard practice of...

15 CFR 325.11 - Judicial review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Judicial review. 325.11 Section 325.11 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS EXPORT TRADE CERTIFICATES OF...

10 CFR 205.325 - Annual report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Annual report. 205.325 Section 205.325 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OIL ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SANCTIONS Electric Power System Permits and Reports... Construction, Connection, Operation, and Maintenance of Facilities for Transmission of Electric Energy at...

15 CFR 325.16 - Protecting confidentiality of information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Protecting confidentiality of information. 325.16 Section 325.16 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign... EXPORT TRADE CERTIFICATES OF REVIEW § 325.16 Protecting confidentiality of information. (a) Any...

15 CFR 325.16 - Protecting confidentiality of information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Protecting confidentiality of information. 325.16 Section 325.16 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign... EXPORT TRADE CERTIFICATES OF REVIEW § 325.16 Protecting confidentiality of information. (a) Any...

15 CFR 325.16 - Protecting confidentiality of information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Protecting confidentiality of information. 325.16 Section 325.16 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign... EXPORT TRADE CERTIFICATES OF REVIEW § 325.16 Protecting confidentiality of information. (a) Any...

15 CFR 325.16 - Protecting confidentiality of information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Protecting confidentiality of information. 325.16 Section 325.16 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign... EXPORT TRADE CERTIFICATES OF REVIEW § 325.16 Protecting confidentiality of information. (a) Any...

12 CFR 325.102 - Notice of capital category.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Notice of capital category. 325.102 Section 325.102 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY CAPITAL MAINTENANCE Prompt Corrective Action § 325.102 Notice of capital category. (a) Effective...

Diversity of fecal coliforms and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in wastewater treatment model plant.

PubMed

Luczkiewicz, A; Fudala-Ksiazek, S; Jankowska, K; Quant, B; Olańczuk-Neyman, K

2010-01-01

The occurrence of resistance patterns among wastewater fecal coliforms was determined in the study. Susceptibility of the isolates was tested against 19 antimicrobial agents: aminoglycosides, aztreonam, carbapenems, cephalosporines, beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors, penicillines, tetracycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and fluoroquinolones. Additionally the removal of resistant isolates was evaluated in the laboratory-scale wastewater treatment model plant (M-WWTP), continuously supplied with the wastewater obtained from the full-scale WWTP. Number of fecal coliforms in raw (after mechanical treatment) and treated wastewater, as well as in aerobic chamber effluent was determined using selective medium. The selected strains were identified and examined for antibiotic resistance using Phoenix Automated Microbiology System (BD Biosciences, USA). The strains were identified as Escherichia coli (n=222), Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp. ozaenae (n=9), and Pantoea agglomerans (n=1). The isolate of P. agglomerans as well as 48% of E. coli isolates were sensitive to all antimicrobials tested. The most frequent resistance patterns were found for ampicillin: 100% of K. pneumoniae ssp. ozaenae and 41% of E. coli isolates. Among E. coli isolates 12% was regarded as multiple antimicrobial resistant (MAR). In the studied M-WWTP, the applied activated sludge processes reduced considerably the number of fecal coliforms, but increased the ratio of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli isolates to sensitive ones, especially among strains with MAR patterns.

34 CFR 32.5 - Pre-offset hearing-general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Pre-offset hearing-general. 32.5 Section 32.5 Education Office of the Secretary, Department of Education SALARY OFFSET TO RECOVER OVERPAYMENTS OF PAY OR ALLOWANCES FROM DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION EMPLOYEES § 32.5 Pre-offset hearing—general. (a) An employee who...

42 CFR 426. 325 - What may be challenged.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false What may be challenged. 426. 325 Section 426. 325 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... DETERMINATIONS General Provisions for the Review of LCDs and NCDs § 426. 325 What may be challenged. (a) Only...

42 CFR 426. 325 - What may be challenged.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false What may be challenged. 426. 325 Section 426. 325 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... DETERMINATIONS General Provisions for the Review of LCDs and NCDs § 426. 325 What may be challenged. (a) Only...

42 CFR 426. 325 - What may be challenged.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false What may be challenged. 426. 325 Section 426. 325 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... General Provisions for the Review of LCDs and NCDs § 426. 325 What may be challenged. (a) Only LCDs or...

42 CFR 426. 325 - What may be challenged.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false What may be challenged. 426. 325 Section 426. 325 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... General Provisions for the Review of LCDs and NCDs § 426. 325 What may be challenged. (a) Only LCDs or...

29 CFR 780.325 - Principally engaged.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Agriculture That Is Exempted From the Minimum Wage and Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 13(a)(6... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Principally engaged. 780.325 Section 780.325 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL...

40 CFR 1065.325 - Intake-flow calibration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Section 1065.325 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES Calibrations and Verifications Flow-Related Measurements § 1065.325 Intake-flow calibration. (a) Calibrate intake-air flow meters upon initial installation. Follow the...

Phase-I investigation of high-efficiency power amplifiers for 325 and 650 MHz

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Raab, Frederick

2018-01-27

This Phase-I SBIR grant investigated techniques for high-efficiency power amplification for DoE particle accelerators such as Project X that operate at 325 and 650 MHz. The recommended system achieves high efficiency, high reliability, and hot-swap capability by integrating class-F power amplifiers, class-S modulators, power combiners, and a digital signal processor. Experimental evaluations demonstrate the production of 120 W per transistor with overall efficiencies from 86 percent at 325 MHz and 80 percent at 650 MHz.

40 CFR 89.325 - Engine intake air temperature measurement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 20 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Engine intake air temperature measurement. 89.325 Section 89.325 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... Test Equipment Provisions § 89.325 Engine intake air temperature measurement. (a) Engine intake air...

31 CFR 560.325 - Property; property interest.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Property; property interest. 560.325 Section 560.325 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE..., or interest or interests therein, present, future, or contingent. ...

31 CFR 560.325 - Property; property interest.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Property; property interest. 560.325 Section 560.325 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE..., or interest or interests therein, present, future, or contingent. ...

24 CFR 1006.325 - Maintenance, management and efficient operation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... § 1006.325 Maintenance, management and efficient operation. (a) Written policies. The DHHL must develop... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Maintenance, management and efficient operation. 1006.325 Section 1006.325 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing...

12 CFR 611.325 - Bank and association nominating committees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

....325 Section 611.325 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM ORGANIZATION Election of Directors and Other Voting Procedures § 611.325 Bank and association nominating committees... institution under § 611.320 and this section. (a) Composition. The voting stockholders of each bank and...

Partial purification and characterization of an inducible indole-3-acetyl-L-aspartic acid hydrolase from Enterobacter agglomerans

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chou, Jyh-Ching; Cohen, J.D.; Mulbry, W.W.

1996-11-01

Indole-3-acetyl-amino acid conjugate hydrolases are believed to be important in the regulation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) metabolism in plants and therefore have potential uses for the alteration of plant IAA metabolism. To isolate bacterial strains exhibiting significant indole-3-acetyl-aspartate (IAA-Asp) hydrolase activity, a sewage sludge inoculation was cultured under conditions in which IAA-Asp served as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. One isolate, Enterobacter agglomerans, showed hydrolase activity inducible by IAA-L-Asp or N-acetyl-L-Asp but not by IAA, (NH{sub 4}){sub 2}SO{sub 4}, urea, or indoleacetamide. Among a total of 17 IAA conjugates tested as potential substrates, the enzyme had an exclusivelymore » high substrate specificity for IAA-L-Asp of 13.5 mM. The optimal pH for this enzyme was between 8.0 and 8.5. In extraction buffer containing 0.8 mM Mg{sup 2+} the hydrolase activity was inhibited to 80% by 1 mM dithiothreitol and to 60% by 1 mm CuSO{sub 4}; the activity was increased by 40% with 1mM MnSO{sub 4}. However, in extraction buffer with no trace elements, the hydrolase activity was inhibited to 50% by either 1 mM dithiothreitol or 1% Triton X-100 (Sigma). These results suggest that disulfide bonding might be essential for enzyme activity. Purification of the hydrolase by hydroxyapatite and TSK-phenyl (HP-Genenchem, South San Francisco, CA) preparative high-performance liquid chromatography yielded a major 45-kD polypeptide as shown by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 45 refs., 5 figs., 3 tabs.« less

15 CFR 325.15 - Relinquishing a certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Relinquishing a certificate. 325.15 Section 325.15 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS EXPORT TRADE CERTIFICATES...

15 CFR 325.4 - Calculating time periods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Calculating time periods. 325.4 Section 325.4 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS EXPORT TRADE CERTIFICATES...

15 CFR 325.7 - Amending the certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Amending the certificate. 325.7 Section 325.7 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS EXPORT TRADE CERTIFICATES...

15 CFR 325.5 - Issuing the certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Issuing the certificate. 325.5 Section 325.5 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS EXPORT TRADE CERTIFICATES...

49 CFR 325.75 - Ground surface correction factors. 1

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Ground surface correction factors. 1 325.75... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Correction Factors § 325.75 Ground surface correction factors. 1... account both the distance correction factors contained in § 325.73 and the ground surface correction...

49 CFR 325.75 - Ground surface correction factors. 1

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Ground surface correction factors. 1 325.75... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Correction Factors § 325.75 Ground surface correction factors. 1... account both the distance correction factors contained in § 325.73 and the ground surface correction...

14 CFR 21.325 - Export airworthiness approvals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Export airworthiness approvals. 21.325... AIRCRAFT CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES FOR PRODUCTS AND PARTS Export Airworthiness Approvals § 21.325 Export airworthiness approvals. (a) Kinds of approvals. (1) Export airworthiness approval of Class I products is issued...

The asymptomatic bacteriuria Escherichia coli strain 83972 outcompetes uropathogenic E. coli strains in human urine.

PubMed

Roos, Viktoria; Ulett, Glen C; Schembri, Mark A; Klemm, Per

2006-01-01

Escherichia coli is the most common organism associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU). In contrast to uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), which causes symptomatic urinary tract infections (UTI), very little is known about the mechanisms by which these strains colonize the human urinary tract. The prototype ABU E. coli strain 83972 was originally isolated from a girl who had carried it asymptomatically for 3 years. Deliberate colonization of UTI-susceptible individuals with E. coli 83972 has been used successfully as an alternative approach for the treatment of patients who are refractory to conventional therapy. Colonization with strain 83972 appears to prevent infection with UPEC strains in such patients despite the fact that this strain is unable to express the primary adhesins involved in UTI, viz. P and type 1 fimbriae. Here we investigated the growth characteristics of E. coli 83972 in human urine and show that it can outcompete a representative spectrum of UPEC strains for growth in urine. The unique ability of ABU E. coli 83972 to outcompete UPEC in urine was also demonstrated in a murine model of human UTI, confirming the selective advantage over UPEC in vivo. Comparison of global gene expression profiles of E. coli 83972 grown in lab medium and human urine revealed significant differences in expression levels in the two media; significant down-regulation of genes encoding virulence factors such as hemolysin, lipid A, and capsular polysaccharides was observed in cells grown in urine. Clearly, divergent abilities of ABU E. coli and UPEC to exploit human urine as a niche for persistence and survival suggest that these key differences may be exploited for preventative and/or therapeutic approaches.

2 CFR 25.325 - For-profit organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false For-profit organization. 25.325 Section 25.325 Grants and Agreements Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET GOVERNMENTWIDE GUIDANCE FOR GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS PRE-AWARD RESPONSIBILITIES UNIVERSAL...

2 CFR 25.325 - For-profit organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false For-profit organization. 25.325 Section 25.325 Grants and Agreements Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET GOVERNMENTWIDE GUIDANCE FOR GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS Reserved UNIVERSAL IDENTIFIER AND...

2 CFR 25.325 - For-profit organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false For-profit organization. 25.325 Section 25.325 Grants and Agreements Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET GOVERNMENTWIDE GUIDANCE FOR GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS PRE-AWARD RESPONSIBILITIES UNIVERSAL...

31 CFR 515.325 - National securities exchange.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false National securities exchange. 515.325... Definitions § 515.325 National securities exchange. The term national securities exchange shall mean an exchange registered as a national securities exchange under section 6 of the Securities Exchange Act of...

31 CFR 500.325 - National securities exchange.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false National securities exchange. 500.325... Definitions § 500.325 National securities exchange. The term national securities exchange shall mean an exchange registered as a national securities exchange under section 6 of the Securities Exchange Act of...

2 CFR 25.325 - For-profit organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false For-profit organization. 25.325 Section 25.325 Grants and Agreements Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET GOVERNMENTWIDE GUIDANCE FOR GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS Pre-award responsibilities UNIVERSAL...

14 CFR 139.325 - Airport emergency plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... response for the largest air carrier aircraft in the Index group required under § 139.315. (b) The plan... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Airport emergency plan. 139.325 Section 139.325 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED...

14 CFR 139.325 - Airport emergency plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... response for the largest air carrier aircraft in the Index group required under § 139.315. (b) The plan... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Airport emergency plan. 139.325 Section 139.325 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED...

14 CFR 139.325 - Airport emergency plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... response for the largest air carrier aircraft in the Index group required under § 139.315. (b) The plan... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Airport emergency plan. 139.325 Section 139.325 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED...

49 CFR 172.325 - Elevated temperature materials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Elevated temperature materials. 172.325 Section... REQUIREMENTS, AND SECURITY PLANS Marking § 172.325 Elevated temperature materials. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, a bulk packaging containing an elevated temperature material must be marked...

49 CFR 172.325 - Elevated temperature materials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Elevated temperature materials. 172.325 Section... REQUIREMENTS, AND SECURITY PLANS Marking § 172.325 Elevated temperature materials. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, a bulk packaging containing an elevated temperature material must be marked...

12 CFR 325.104 - Capital restoration plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Capital restoration plans. 325.104 Section 325.104 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL... filing plan—(1) In general. A bank shall file a written capital restoration plan with the appropriate...

Immunopotentiator from Pantoea agglomerans 1 (IP-PA1) Promotes Murine Hair Growth and Human Dermal Papilla Cell Gene Expression.

PubMed

Wakame, Koji; Okawa, Hiroshi; Komatsu, Ken-Ich; Nakata, Akifumi; Sato, Keisuke; Ingawa, Hiroyuki; Kohchi, Chie; Nishizawa, Takashi; Soma, Gen-Ichiro

2016-07-01

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-like compound derived from Pantoea agglomerans (immunopotentiator from Pantoea agglomerans 1 (IP-PA1)) has been used not only as dietary supplement or cosmetic for humans, but also by Japanese veterinarians as an anti-tumor, anti-allergy, "keep a fine coat of fur" and hair growth-promoting functional food for dogs and cats. In the present study, we focused on the hair growth-promoting effects of IP-PA1 on a hair-shaved animal model and its mechanism of action. We also investigated its potential on gene expression after stimulating human dermal papilla cells with IP-PA1. The hair on the back of a C3H/HeN mouse was shaved and IP-PA1 was orally administered or applied to the skin. The status of hair growth was observed and recorded for 14 days. Skin was collected and histological tissue examination was performed with respect to hair growth status using hematoxylin and eosin staining. After IP-PA1 administration (2 and 10 μg/ml) to human dermal papilla cell culture system for 24 h, fibroblast growth factor-7 (FGF-7) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. IP-PA1, when given orally, showed a tendency to promote hair growth in mice. In addition, skin application also significantly promoted hair growth, while histopathological examinations further demonstrated hair elongation from dermal papilla cells. In the human dermal papilla cell culture system, significant FGF-7 and VEGF mRNA expressions were observed (p<0.05). An underlying mechanism of gene expression by which IP-PA1 promotes hair growth was suggested to be different from that of medicine and traditional hair tonics, such as minoxidil and adenosine. Copyright© 2016 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved.

20 CFR 405.325 - Issues before an administrative law judge.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Issues before an administrative law judge. 405.325 Section 405.325 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW PROCESS FOR ADJUDICATING INITIAL DISABILITY CLAIMS Administrative Law Judge Hearing § 405.325 Issues...

9 CFR 93.325 - Horses from Mexico.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Horses from Mexico. 93.325 Section 93... CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Horses Mexico 18 § 93.325 Horses from Mexico. Horses offered for entry from Mexico shall be inspected as provided in §§ 93.306 and 93.323; shall be accompanied by a...

9 CFR 93.325 - Horses from Mexico.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Horses from Mexico. 93.325 Section 93... CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Horses Mexico 18 § 93.325 Horses from Mexico. Horses offered for entry from Mexico shall be inspected as provided in §§ 93.306 and 93.323; shall be accompanied by a...

9 CFR 93.325 - Horses from Mexico.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Horses from Mexico. 93.325 Section 93... CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Horses Mexico 18 § 93.325 Horses from Mexico. Horses offered for entry from Mexico shall be inspected as provided in §§ 93.306 and 93.323; shall be accompanied by a...

9 CFR 93.325 - Horses from Mexico.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Horses from Mexico. 93.325 Section 93... CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Horses Mexico 18 § 93.325 Horses from Mexico. Horses offered for entry from Mexico shall be inspected as provided in §§ 93.306 and 93.323; shall be accompanied by a...

9 CFR 93.325 - Horses from Mexico.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Horses from Mexico. 93.325 Section 93... CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Horses Mexico 18 § 93.325 Horses from Mexico. Horses offered for entry from Mexico shall be inspected as provided in §§ 93.306 and 93.323; shall be accompanied by a...

24 CFR 1720.325 - Motions for dismissal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... law judge shall file a decision in accordance with the provisions of § 1720.525. If such a motion is... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Motions for dismissal. 1720.325... Adjudicatory Proceedings Motions § 1720.325 Motions for dismissal. (a) A motion to dismiss may be made at any...

24 CFR 1720.325 - Motions for dismissal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... law judge shall file a decision in accordance with the provisions of § 1720.525. If such a motion is... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Motions for dismissal. 1720.325... Adjudicatory Proceedings Motions § 1720.325 Motions for dismissal. (a) A motion to dismiss may be made at any...

24 CFR 1720.325 - Motions for dismissal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... law judge shall file a decision in accordance with the provisions of § 1720.525. If such a motion is... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Motions for dismissal. 1720.325... Adjudicatory Proceedings Motions § 1720.325 Motions for dismissal. (a) A motion to dismiss may be made at any...

24 CFR 1720.325 - Motions for dismissal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... law judge shall file a decision in accordance with the provisions of § 1720.525. If such a motion is... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Motions for dismissal. 1720.325... Adjudicatory Proceedings Motions § 1720.325 Motions for dismissal. (a) A motion to dismiss may be made at any...

24 CFR 1720.325 - Motions for dismissal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... law judge shall file a decision in accordance with the provisions of § 1720.525. If such a motion is... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Motions for dismissal. 1720.325... Adjudicatory Proceedings Motions § 1720.325 Motions for dismissal. (a) A motion to dismiss may be made at any...

20 CFR 416.325 - When an application is considered filed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false When an application is considered filed. 416.325 Section 416.325 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME FOR THE AGED, BLIND, AND DISABLED Filing of Applications Applications § 416.325 When an application is...

20 CFR 416.325 - When an application is considered filed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false When an application is considered filed. 416.325 Section 416.325 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME FOR THE AGED, BLIND, AND DISABLED Filing of Applications Applications § 416.325 When an application is...

20 CFR 416.325 - When an application is considered filed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false When an application is considered filed. 416.325 Section 416.325 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME FOR THE AGED, BLIND, AND DISABLED Filing of Applications Applications § 416.325 When an application is...

20 CFR 416.325 - When an application is considered filed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false When an application is considered filed. 416.325 Section 416.325 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME FOR THE AGED, BLIND, AND DISABLED Filing of Applications Applications § 416.325 When an application is...

20 CFR 408.325 - When is your application considered filed?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false When is your application considered filed? 408.325 Section 408.325 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SPECIAL BENEFITS FOR CERTAIN WORLD WAR II VETERANS Filing Applications Filing Your Application § 408.325 When is your...

20 CFR 408.325 - When is your application considered filed?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false When is your application considered filed? 408.325 Section 408.325 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SPECIAL BENEFITS FOR CERTAIN WORLD WAR II VETERANS Filing Applications Filing Your Application § 408.325 When is your...

20 CFR 416.325 - When an application is considered filed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false When an application is considered filed. 416.325 Section 416.325 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME FOR THE AGED, BLIND, AND DISABLED Filing of Applications Applications § 416.325 When an application is...

14 CFR 171.325 - Maintenance and operations requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Maintenance and operations requirements. 171.325 Section 171.325 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... service. (7) Detailed and specific maintenance procedures and servicing guides stating the frequency of...

14 CFR 171.325 - Maintenance and operations requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Maintenance and operations requirements. 171.325 Section 171.325 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... service. (7) Detailed and specific maintenance procedures and servicing guides stating the frequency of...

14 CFR 171.325 - Maintenance and operations requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Maintenance and operations requirements. 171.325 Section 171.325 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... service. (7) Detailed and specific maintenance procedures and servicing guides stating the frequency of...

14 CFR 171.325 - Maintenance and operations requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Maintenance and operations requirements. 171.325 Section 171.325 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... service. (7) Detailed and specific maintenance procedures and servicing guides stating the frequency of...

14 CFR 171.325 - Maintenance and operations requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Maintenance and operations requirements. 171.325 Section 171.325 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... service. (7) Detailed and specific maintenance procedures and servicing guides stating the frequency of...

15 CFR 325.16 - Protecting confidentiality of information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Protecting confidentiality of information. 325.16 Section 325.16 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS...

49 CFR 325.33 - Site characteristics; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Section 325.33 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Highway Operations § 325.33 Site... or utility poles. (2) Rural mailboxes. (3) Traffic railings of any type of construction except solid...

49 CFR 325.33 - Site characteristics; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Section 325.33 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Highway Operations § 325.33 Site... or utility poles. (2) Rural mailboxes. (3) Traffic railings of any type of construction except solid...

49 CFR 325.33 - Site characteristics; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Section 325.33 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Highway Operations § 325.33 Site... or utility poles. (2) Rural mailboxes. (3) Traffic railings of any type of construction except solid...

49 CFR 325.33 - Site characteristics; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Section 325.33 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Highway Operations § 325.33 Site... or utility poles. (2) Rural mailboxes. (3) Traffic railings of any type of construction except solid...

15 CFR 325.12 - Returning the applicant's documents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Returning the applicant's documents. 325.12 Section 325.12 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS EXPORT TRADE...

15 CFR 325.8 - Expediting the certification process.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Expediting the certification process. 325.8 Section 325.8 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS EXPORT TRADE...

49 CFR 325.39 - Measurement procedure; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Measurement procedure; highway operations. 325.39... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Highway Operations § 325.39 Measurement procedure; highway operations. (a) In accordance with the rules in this subpart, a measurement...

49 CFR 325.39 - Measurement procedure; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Measurement procedure; highway operations. 325.39... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Highway Operations § 325.39 Measurement procedure; highway operations. (a) In accordance with the rules in this subpart, a measurement...

49 CFR 325.39 - Measurement procedure; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Measurement procedure; highway operations. 325.39... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Highway Operations § 325.39 Measurement procedure; highway operations. (a) In accordance with the rules in this subpart, a measurement...

49 CFR 325.55 - Ambient conditions; stationary test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Ambient conditions; stationary test. 325.55 Section 325.55 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION GENERAL REGULATIONS COMPLIANCE WITH INTERSTATE MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS...

49 CFR 325.59 - Measurement procedure; stationary test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Measurement procedure; stationary test. 325.59 Section 325.59 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION GENERAL REGULATIONS COMPLIANCE WITH INTERSTATE MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS...

29 CFR 1952.325 - Level of Federal enforcement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Level of Federal enforcement. 1952.325 Section 1952.325 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION... Level of Federal enforcement. (a) As a result of the Assistant Secretary's determination granting final...

49 CFR 325.35 - Ambient conditions; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Ambient conditions; highway operations. 325.35... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Highway Operations § 325.35 Ambient conditions; highway operations. (a)(1) Sound. The ambient A-weighted sound level at the microphone...

49 CFR 325.35 - Ambient conditions; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Ambient conditions; highway operations. 325.35... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Highway Operations § 325.35 Ambient conditions; highway operations. (a)(1) Sound. The ambient A-weighted sound level at the microphone...

50 CFR 600.325 - National Standard 4-Allocations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... promote conservation (in the sense of wise use) by optimizing the yield in terms of size, value, market... Section 600.325 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND....325 National Standard 4—Allocations. (a) Standard 4. Conservation and management measures shall not...

21 CFR 173.325 - Acidified sodium chlorite solutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Acidified sodium chlorite solutions. 173.325... HUMAN CONSUMPTION Specific Usage Additives § 173.325 Acidified sodium chlorite solutions. Acidified sodium chlorite solutions may be safely used in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: (a...

49 CFR 325.53 - Site characteristics; stationary test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Section 325.53 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Stationary Test § 325.53 Site characteristics; stationary test. (a)(1) The motor vehicle to be tested shall be parked on the test site. A...

49 CFR 325.53 - Site characteristics; stationary test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Section 325.53 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Stationary Test § 325.53 Site characteristics; stationary test. (a)(1) The motor vehicle to be tested shall be parked on the test site. A...

49 CFR 325.53 - Site characteristics; stationary test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Section 325.53 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Stationary Test § 325.53 Site characteristics; stationary test. (a)(1) The motor vehicle to be tested shall be parked on the test site. A...

49 CFR 325.53 - Site characteristics; stationary test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Section 325.53 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Stationary Test § 325.53 Site characteristics; stationary test. (a)(1) The motor vehicle to be tested shall be parked on the test site. A...

49 CFR 325.53 - Site characteristics; stationary test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Section 325.53 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Measurement of Noise Emissions; Stationary Test § 325.53 Site characteristics; stationary test. (a)(1) The motor vehicle to be tested shall be parked on the test site. A...

Characterization of a prototype strain of hepatitis E virus.

PubMed

Tsarev, S A; Emerson, S U; Reyes, G R; Tsareva, T S; Legters, L J; Malik, I A; Iqbal, M; Purcell, R H

1992-01-15

A strain of hepatitis E virus (SAR-55) implicated in an epidemic of enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis, now called hepatitis E, was characterized extensively. Six cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were infected with a strain of hepatitis E virus from Pakistan. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the pattern of virus shedding in feces, bile, and serum relative to hepatitis and induction of specific antibodies. Virtually the entire genome of SAR-55 (7195 nucleotides) was sequenced. Comparison of the sequence of SAR-55 with that of a Burmese strain revealed a high level of homology except for one region encoding 100 amino acids of a putative nonstructural polyprotein. Identification of this region as hypervariable was obtained by partial sequencing of a third isolate of hepatitis E virus from Kirgizia.

Virulence Genes and Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Uropathogenic E. coli Strains.

PubMed

Uzun, Cengiz; Oncül, Oral; Gümüş, Defne; Alan, Servet; Dayioğlu, Nurten; Küçüker, Mine Anğ

2015-01-01

The aim of this study is to detect the presence of and possible relation between virulence genes and antibiotic resistance in E. coli strains isolated from patients with acute, uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI). 62 E. coli strains isolated from patients with acute, uncomplicated urinary tract infections (50 strains isolated from acute uncomplicated cystitis cases (AUC); 12 strains from acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis cases (AUP)) were screened for virulence genes [pap (pyelonephritis-associated pili), sfa/foc (S and F1C fimbriae), afa (afimbrial adhesins), hly (hemolysin), cnf1 (cytotoxic necrotizing factor), aer (aerobactin), PAI (pathogenicity island marker), iroN (catecholate siderophore receptor), ompT (outer membrane protein T), usp (uropathogenic specific protein)] by PCR and for antimicrobial resistance by disk diffusion method according to CLSI criteria. It was found that 56 strains (90.3%) carried at least one virulence gene. The most common virulence genes were ompT (79%), aer (51.6%), PAI (51.6%) and usp (56.5%). 60% of the strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic. The highest resistance rates were against ampicillin (79%) and co-trimoxazole (41.9%). Fifty percent of the E. coli strains (31 strains) were found to be multiple resistant. Eight (12.9%) out of 62 strains were found to be ESBL positive. Statistically significant relationships were found between the absence of usp and AMP - SXT resistance, iroN and OFX - CIP resistance, PAI and SXT resistance, cnf1 and AMP resistance, and a significant relationship was also found between the presence of the afa and OFX resistance. No difference between E. coli strains isolated from two different clinical presentations was found in terms of virulence genes and antibiotic susceptibility.

50 CFR 600.325 - National Standard 4-Allocations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... communities, efficiency of various types of gear used in the fishery, transferability of effort to and impact... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 12 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false National Standard 4-Allocations. 600.325 Section 600.325 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND...

50 CFR 600.325 - National Standard 4-Allocations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... communities, efficiency of various types of gear used in the fishery, transferability of effort to and impact... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 10 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false National Standard 4-Allocations. 600.325 Section 600.325 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND...

50 CFR 600.325 - National Standard 4-Allocations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... communities, efficiency of various types of gear used in the fishery, transferability of effort to and impact... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 12 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false National Standard 4-Allocations. 600.325 Section 600.325 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND...

21 CFR 173.325 - Acidified sodium chlorite solutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 3 2010-04-01 2009-04-01 true Acidified sodium chlorite solutions. 173.325 Section 173.325 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION (CONTINUED) SECONDARY DIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FOOD FOR...

Collagen-Like Proteins in Pathogenic E. coli Strains

PubMed Central

Ghosh, Neelanjana; McKillop, Thomas J.; Jowitt, Thomas A.; Howard, Marjorie; Davies, Heather; Holmes, David F.; Roberts, Ian S.; Bella, Jordi

2012-01-01

The genome sequences of enterohaemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 strains show multiple open-reading frames with collagen-like sequences that are absent from the common laboratory strain K-12. These putative collagens are included in prophages embedded in O157:H7 genomes. These prophages carry numerous genes related to strain virulence and have been shown to be inducible and capable of disseminating virulence factors by horizontal gene transfer. We have cloned two collagen-like proteins from E. coli O157:H7 into a laboratory strain and analysed the structure and conformation of the recombinant proteins and several of their constituting domains by a variety of spectroscopic, biophysical, and electron microscopy techniques. We show that these molecules exhibit many of the characteristics of vertebrate collagens, including trimer formation and the presence of a collagen triple helical domain. They also contain a C-terminal trimerization domain, and a trimeric α-helical coiled-coil domain with an unusual amino acid sequence almost completely lacking leucine, valine or isoleucine residues. Intriguingly, these molecules show high thermal stability, with the collagen domain being more stable than those of vertebrate fibrillar collagens, which are much longer and post-translationally modified. Under the electron microscope, collagen-like proteins from E. coli O157:H7 show a dumbbell shape, with two globular domains joined by a hinged stalk. This morphology is consistent with their likely role as trimeric phage side-tail proteins that participate in the attachment of phage particles to E. coli target cells, either directly or through assembly with other phage tail proteins. Thus, collagen-like proteins in enterohaemorrhagic E. coli genomes may have a direct role in the dissemination of virulence-related genes through infection of harmless strains by induced bacteriophages. PMID:22701585

7 CFR 1207.325 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE POTATO RESEARCH AND PROMOTION PLAN Potato Research and Promotion Plan National Potato Promotion Board § 1207.325 Procedure. (a) Each State...

7 CFR 1205.325 - Selection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COTTON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION Cotton Research and Promotion Order Cotton Board § 1205.325 Selection. From the nominations made pursuant to...

7 CFR 1205.325 - Selection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COTTON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION Cotton Research and Promotion Order Cotton Board § 1205.325 Selection. From the nominations made pursuant to...

7 CFR 1205.325 - Selection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COTTON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION Cotton Research and Promotion Order Cotton Board § 1205.325 Selection. From the nominations made pursuant to...

7 CFR 1205.325 - Selection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COTTON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION Cotton Research and Promotion Order Cotton Board § 1205.325 Selection. From the nominations made pursuant to...

7 CFR 1205.325 - Selection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COTTON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION Cotton Research and Promotion Order Cotton Board § 1205.325 Selection. From the nominations made pursuant to...

7 CFR 1207.325 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE POTATO RESEARCH AND PROMOTION PLAN Potato Research and Promotion Plan National Potato Promotion Board § 1207.325 Procedure. (a) Each State...

7 CFR 1207.325 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE POTATO RESEARCH AND PROMOTION PLAN Potato Research and Promotion Plan National Potato Promotion Board § 1207.325 Procedure. (a) Each State...

7 CFR 1207.325 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE POTATO RESEARCH AND PROMOTION PLAN Potato Research and Promotion Plan National Potato Promotion Board § 1207.325 Procedure. (a) Each State...

7 CFR 1207.325 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE POTATO RESEARCH AND PROMOTION PLAN Potato Research and Promotion Plan National Potato Promotion Board § 1207.325 Procedure. (a) Each State...

14 CFR 325.4 - State and local participation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false State and local participation. 325.4... PROCEEDINGS) PROCEDURAL REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE PROCEDURES § 325.4 State and local participation. (a... addressed to: (1) The chief executive of the principal city, or other unit of local government at the...

47 CFR 80.325 - Control of distress traffic.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Control of distress traffic. 80.325 Section 80... Safety Procedures § 80.325 Control of distress traffic. (a) Distress traffic consists of all messages relating to the immediate assistance required by the mobile station in distress. In distress traffic, the...

Characterization of a prototype strain of hepatitis E virus.

PubMed Central

Tsarev, S A; Emerson, S U; Reyes, G R; Tsareva, T S; Legters, L J; Malik, I A; Iqbal, M; Purcell, R H

1992-01-01

A strain of hepatitis E virus (SAR-55) implicated in an epidemic of enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis, now called hepatitis E, was characterized extensively. Six cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were infected with a strain of hepatitis E virus from Pakistan. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the pattern of virus shedding in feces, bile, and serum relative to hepatitis and induction of specific antibodies. Virtually the entire genome of SAR-55 (7195 nucleotides) was sequenced. Comparison of the sequence of SAR-55 with that of a Burmese strain revealed a high level of homology except for one region encoding 100 amino acids of a putative nonstructural polyprotein. Identification of this region as hypervariable was obtained by partial sequencing of a third isolate of hepatitis E virus from Kirgizia. Images PMID:1731327

21 CFR 173.325 - Acidified sodium chlorite solutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Acidified sodium chlorite solutions. 173.325... § 173.325 Acidified sodium chlorite solutions. Acidified sodium chlorite solutions may be safely used in... solution of sodium chlorite (CAS Reg. No. 7758-19-2) with any generally recognized as safe (GRAS) acid. (b...

Pneumo MSG-325 Lathe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rhorer, R.L.

1980-01-01

The LASL Shop Department has recently installed a Pneumo MSG-325 two-axis contouring lathe. This one-microinch resolution lathe, which utilizes both air-bearing spindle and air bearing slide ways, was purchased primarily for miniature work, but can also single point diamond turn metal optics.

12 CFR 325.204 - Annual stress tests required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Annual stress tests required. 325.204 Section... POLICY CAPITAL MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.204 Annual stress tests required. (a) General... conduct a stress test on or before March 31 of each calendar year based on financial data as of September...

12 CFR 325.204 - Annual stress tests required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Annual stress tests required. 325.204 Section... POLICY CAPITAL MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.204 Annual stress tests required. (a) General... conduct a stress test on or before March 31 of each calendar year based on financial data as of September...

DNA-based methodologies for the quantification of live and dead cells in formulated biocontrol products based on Pantoea agglomerans CPA-2.

PubMed

Soto-Muñoz, Lourdes; Torres, Rosario; Usall, Josep; Viñas, Inmaculada; Solsona, Cristina; Teixidó, Neus

2015-10-01

Pantoea agglomerans strain CPA-2 is an effective biocontrol agent (BCA) against the major postharvest pathogens present on pome and citrus fruits. Dehydration, such as freeze-drying, spray-drying and fluidized bed drying is one of the best ways to formulate BCAs. In this work, the survival of CPA-2 cells after formulation was determined by dilution plating and molecular methods as qPCR alone and combined with a sample pretreatment with a propidium monoazide dye (PMA-qPCR) and they were used to calculate treatment concentrations in efficacy trials on postharvest oranges. Furthermore, no significant differences in CPA-2 survival were observed as determined by dilution plating and PMA-qPCR after both the freeze drying and fluidized bed drying processes; however, an interesting significant difference was observed in the spray dried product comparing all quantitative methods. A difference of 0.48 and 2.17 log10 CFU or cells g/dw was observed among PMA-qPCR with qPCR and dilution plating, respectively. According to our study, dilution plating was shown to be an unreliable tool for monitoring the survival of CPA-2 after spray drying. In contrast, the combination of PMA and qPCR enabled a quick and unequivocal methodology to enumerate viable and VBNC CPA-2 cells under stress-dried conditions. Efficacy trials showed that, after 3 days, spray drying formulation rehydrated with 10% non-fat skimmed milk (NFSM) was as effective as fresh cells to control Penicillium digitatum in oranges. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Rapid isolation of a facultative anaerobic electrochemically active bacterium capable of oxidizing acetate for electrogenesis and azo dyes reduction.

PubMed

Shen, Nan; Yuan, Shi-Jie; Wu, Chao; Cheng, Yuan-Yuan; Song, Xiang-Ning; Li, Wen-Wei; Tong, Zhong-Hua; Yu, Han-Qing

2014-05-01

In this study, 27 strains of electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) were rapidly isolated and their capabilities of extracellular electron transfer were identified using a photometric method based on WO3 nanoclusters. These strains caused color change of WO3 from white to blue in a 24-well agar plate within 40 h. Most of the isolated EAB strains belonged to the genera of Aeromonas and Shewanella. One isolate, Pantoea agglomerans S5-44, was identified as an EAB that can utilize acetate as the carbon source to produce electricity and reduce azo dyes under anaerobic conditions. The results confirmed the capability of P. agglomerans S5-44 for extracellular electron transfer. The isolation of this acetate-utilizing, facultative EBA reveals the metabolic diversity of environmental bacteria. Such strains have great potential for environmental applications, especially at interfaces of aerobic and anaerobic environments, where acetate is the main available carbon source.

15 CFR 325.10 - Modifying or revoking a certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Modifying or revoking a certificate. 325.10 Section 325.10 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS EXPORT TRADE...

45 CFR 149.325 - Requirements for eligibility of claims.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Section 149.325 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS REQUIREMENTS FOR THE EARLY RETIREE REINSURANCE PROGRAM Reimbursement Methods § 149.325 Requirements for eligibility of claims. A claim may be submitted only if it represents costs for health...

45 CFR 149.325 - Requirements for eligibility of claims.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Section 149.325 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS REQUIREMENTS FOR THE EARLY RETIREE REINSURANCE PROGRAM Reimbursement Methods § 149.325 Requirements for eligibility of claims. A claim may be submitted only if it represents costs for health...

36 CFR 13.325 - Most directly affected Native Corporation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Corporation. 13.325 Section 13.325 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... affected Native Corporation. (a) Before the award of the first visitor service authorization in a park area... Native Corporation interested in providing visitor services within the applicable park area to submit an...

36 CFR 13.325 - Most directly affected Native Corporation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Corporation. 13.325 Section 13.325 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... affected Native Corporation. (a) Before the award of the first visitor service authorization in a park area... Native Corporation interested in providing visitor services within the applicable park area to submit an...

36 CFR 13.325 - Most directly affected Native Corporation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Corporation. 13.325 Section 13.325 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... affected Native Corporation. (a) Before the award of the first visitor service authorization in a park area... Native Corporation interested in providing visitor services within the applicable park area to submit an...

36 CFR 13.325 - Most directly affected Native Corporation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Corporation. 13.325 Section 13.325 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... affected Native Corporation. (a) Before the award of the first visitor service authorization in a park area... Native Corporation interested in providing visitor services within the applicable park area to submit an...

36 CFR 13.325 - Most directly affected Native Corporation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Corporation. 13.325 Section 13.325 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... affected Native Corporation. (a) Before the award of the first visitor service authorization in a park area... Native Corporation interested in providing visitor services within the applicable park area to submit an...

46 CFR 154.325 - Accommodation, service, and control spaces.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Accommodation, service, and control spaces. 154.325... Equipment Ship Arrangements § 154.325 Accommodation, service, and control spaces. (a) Accommodation, service, and control spaces must be outside the cargo area. (b) If a hold space having a cargo containment...

46 CFR 154.325 - Accommodation, service, and control spaces.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Accommodation, service, and control spaces. 154.325... Equipment Ship Arrangements § 154.325 Accommodation, service, and control spaces. (a) Accommodation, service, and control spaces must be outside the cargo area. (b) If a hold space having a cargo containment...

46 CFR 154.325 - Accommodation, service, and control spaces.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Accommodation, service, and control spaces. 154.325... Equipment Ship Arrangements § 154.325 Accommodation, service, and control spaces. (a) Accommodation, service, and control spaces must be outside the cargo area. (b) If a hold space having a cargo containment...

Molecular typing of uropathogenic E. coli strains by the ERIC-PCR method.

PubMed

Ardakani, Maryam Afkhami; Ranjbar, Reza

2016-04-01

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most common cause of urinary infections in hospitals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ERIC-PCR method for molecular typing of uropathogenic E. coli strains isolated from hospitalized patients. In a cross sectional study, 98 E. coli samples were collected from urine samples taken from patients admitted to Baqiyatallah Hospital from June 2014 to January 2015. The disk agar diffusion method was used to determine antibiotic sensitivity. DNA proliferation based on repetitive intergenic consensus was used to classify the E. coli strains. The products of proliferation were electrophoresed on 1.5% agarose gel, and their dendrograms were drawn. The data were analyzed by online Insillico software. The method used in this research proliferated numerous bands (4-17 bands), ranging from 100 to 3000 base pairs. The detected strains were classified into six clusters (E1-E6) with 70% similarity between them. In this study, uropathogenic E. coli strains belonged to different genotypic clusters. It was found that ERIC-PCR had good differentiation power for molecular typing of uropathogenic E. coli strains isolated from the patients in the study.

40 CFR 158.325 - Description of materials used to produce the product.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 23 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Description of materials used to produce the product. 158.325 Section 158.325 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES Product Chemistry § 158.325 Description of...

40 CFR 158.325 - Description of materials used to produce the product.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Description of materials used to produce the product. 158.325 Section 158.325 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES Product Chemistry § 158.325 Description of...

40 CFR 158.325 - Description of materials used to produce the product.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 24 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Description of materials used to produce the product. 158.325 Section 158.325 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES Product Chemistry § 158.325 Description of...

40 CFR 158.325 - Description of materials used to produce the product.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Description of materials used to produce the product. 158.325 Section 158.325 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES Product Chemistry § 158.325 Description of...

40 CFR 158.325 - Description of materials used to produce the product.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 24 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Description of materials used to produce the product. 158.325 Section 158.325 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES Product Chemistry § 158.325 Description of...

24 CFR 582.325 - Outreach activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... (Continued) OFFICE OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR COMMUNITY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT, DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES SHELTER PLUS CARE Program Requirements § 582.325 Outreach...

12 CFR 325.207 - Publication of stress test results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Publication of stress test results. 325.207... GENERAL POLICY CAPITAL MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.207 Publication of stress test results. (a) Publication date. (1) A $10 billion to $50 billion covered bank must publish a summary of the results of its...

12 CFR 325.207 - Publication of stress test results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Publication of stress test results. 325.207... GENERAL POLICY CAPITAL MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.207 Publication of stress test results. (a) Publication date. (1) A $10 billion to $50 billion covered bank must publish a summary of the results of its...

40 CFR 63.325 - Determination of equivalent emission control technology.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... control technology. 63.325 Section 63.325 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY... Determination of equivalent emission control technology. (a) Any person requesting that the use of certain... equivalent emission reductions: (1) Diagrams, as appropriate, illustrating the emission control technology...

49 CFR 325.73 - Microphone distance correction factors. 1

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... factors. 1 1 Table 1, in § 325.7 is a tabulation of the maximum allowable sound level readings taking into... target point is other than 50 feet (15.2 m), the maximum observed sound level reading generated by the... observed sound level readings generated by the motor vehicle in accordance with § 325.59 of this part shall...

49 CFR 325.73 - Microphone distance correction factors. 1

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... factors. 1 1 Table 1, in § 325.7 is a tabulation of the maximum allowable sound level readings taking into... target point is other than 50 feet (15.2 m), the maximum observed sound level reading generated by the... observed sound level readings generated by the motor vehicle in accordance with § 325.59 of this part shall...

49 CFR 325.5 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION GENERAL REGULATIONS COMPLIANCE WITH INTERSTATE MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS General Provisions § 325.5 Definitions. (a) Statutory definitions. All terms defined in the Noise...) Definitions in standards. All terms defined in § 202.10 of the Interstate Motor Carrier Noise Emission...

49 CFR 325.5 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION GENERAL REGULATIONS COMPLIANCE WITH INTERSTATE MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS General Provisions § 325.5 Definitions. (a) Statutory definitions. All terms defined in the Noise...) Definitions in standards. All terms defined in § 202.10 of the Interstate Motor Carrier Noise Emission...

20 CFR 325.1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

...' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.1 General. (a) Day of unemployment. A “day of unemployment.... The amount of compensable days of unemployment shall be computed in accordance with this section. (b...

20 CFR 325.1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

...' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.1 General. (a) Day of unemployment. A “day of unemployment.... The amount of compensable days of unemployment shall be computed in accordance with this section. (b...

20 CFR 325.1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

...' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.1 General. (a) Day of unemployment. A “day of unemployment.... The amount of compensable days of unemployment shall be computed in accordance with this section. (b...

20 CFR 325.1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

...' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.1 General. (a) Day of unemployment. A “day of unemployment.... The amount of compensable days of unemployment shall be computed in accordance with this section. (b...

20 CFR 325.1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

...' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.1 General. (a) Day of unemployment. A “day of unemployment.... The amount of compensable days of unemployment shall be computed in accordance with this section. (b...

9 CFR 3.25 - Facilities, general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Pigs and Hamsters Facilities and Operating Standards § 3.25 Facilities, general. (a) Structural strength. Indoor and outdoor housing facilities for guinea pigs or hamsters shall be structurally sound and...

9 CFR 3.25 - Facilities, general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Pigs and Hamsters Facilities and Operating Standards § 3.25 Facilities, general. (a) Structural strength. Indoor and outdoor housing facilities for guinea pigs or hamsters shall be structurally sound and...

9 CFR 3.25 - Facilities, general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Pigs and Hamsters Facilities and Operating Standards § 3.25 Facilities, general. (a) Structural strength. Indoor and outdoor housing facilities for guinea pigs or hamsters shall be structurally sound and...

9 CFR 3.25 - Facilities, general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Pigs and Hamsters Facilities and Operating Standards § 3.25 Facilities, general. (a) Structural strength. Indoor and outdoor housing facilities for guinea pigs or hamsters shall be structurally sound and...

Human and Porcine Hepatitis E Virus Strains, United Kingdom

PubMed Central

Bendall, Richard; Grierson, Sylvia; Heath, Graham; Mitchell, Jonathon; Dalton, Harry

2004-01-01

We describe a case of acquired infection of a strain of hepatitis E virus (HEV)with a 100% amino acid identity to the analogous region in strains of HEV circulating in a United Kingdom pig herd. This case further supports the theory that autochthonous HEV infection in industrialized countries is zoonotic. PMID:15200841

12 CFR 325.5 - Miscellaneous.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... MAINTENANCE Minimum Capital Requirements § 325.5 Miscellaneous. (a) Intangible assets. Any intangible assets...-enhancing interest-only strips on a basis that is net of a proportional amount of any associated deferred tax liability recorded on the balance sheet. Any deferred tax liability netted in this manner cannot...

12 CFR 325.5 - Miscellaneous.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... MAINTENANCE Minimum Capital Requirements § 325.5 Miscellaneous. (a) Intangible assets. Any intangible assets...-enhancing interest-only strips on a basis that is net of a proportional amount of any associated deferred tax liability recorded on the balance sheet. Any deferred tax liability netted in this manner cannot...

32 CFR 700.325 - The Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Installations and Environment).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... (Installations and Environment). 700.325 Section 700.325 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued... Assistants § 700.325 The Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Installations and Environment). The Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Installations and Environment) is responsible for: (a) Policy relating to Navy...

Strain analysis of SiGe microbridges

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anthony, Ross; Gilbank, Ashley; Crowe, Iain; Knights, Andrew

2018-02-01

We present the analysis of UV (325 nm) Raman scattering spectra from silicon-germanium (SiGe) microbridges where the SiGe has been formed using the so-called "condensation technique". As opposed to the conventional condensation technique in which SiGe is grown epitaxially, we use high-dose ion implantation of Ge ions into SOI as a means to introduce the initial Ge profile. The subsequent oxidation both repairs implantation induced damage, and forms epitaxial Ge. Using Si-Si and Si-Ge optical phonon modes, as well as the ratio of integrated intensities for Ge-Ge and Si-Si, we can determine both the composition and strain of the material. We show that although the material is compressively strained following condensation, by fabricating microbridge structures we can create strain relaxed or tensile strained structures, with subsequent interest for photonic applications.

The molecular-genetic analysis of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from broilers on farms in Central Russia

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The objective of the research was to perform phenotypic and molecular-genetic typing of Clostridium perfringens strains commonly spread on poultry farms in Central Russia. Samples of homogenized iliac and cecal contents from 760 broilers were assayed and 325 C. perfringens strains (42.8 %) were isol...

12 CFR 325.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... which the FDIC is the appropriate federal banking agency pursuant to section 3(q) of the FDI Act (12 U.S.C. 1813(q)). (d) Common stockholders' equity means the sum of common stock and related surplus... conditions, limitations, and restrictions described in § 325.5 (f). (q) Noncumulative perpetual preferred...

12 CFR 325.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... which the FDIC is the appropriate federal banking agency pursuant to section 3(q) of the FDI Act (12 U.S.C. 1813(q)). (d) Common stockholders' equity means the sum of common stock and related surplus... conditions, limitations, and restrictions described in § 325.5 (f). (q) Noncumulative perpetual preferred...

12 CFR 325.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... which the FDIC is the appropriate federal banking agency pursuant to section 3(q) of the FDI Act (12 U.S.C. 1813(q)). (d) Common stockholders' equity means the sum of common stock and related surplus... conditions, limitations, and restrictions described in § 325.5 (f). (q) Noncumulative perpetual preferred...

12 CFR 325.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... which the FDIC is the appropriate federal banking agency pursuant to section 3(q) of the FDI Act (12 U.S.C. 1813(q)). (d) Common stockholders' equity means the sum of common stock and related surplus... conditions, limitations, and restrictions described in § 325.5 (f). (q) Noncumulative perpetual preferred...

Effectiveness of TC-325 (Hemospray) for treatment of diffuse or refractory upper gastrointestinal bleeding - a single center experience.

PubMed

Cahyadi, Oscar; Bauder, Markus; Meier, Benjamin; Caca, Karel; Schmidt, Arthur

2017-11-01

 TC-325 (Hemospray, Cook Medical) is a powder agent for endoscopic hemostasis in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). Although most publications are based on case-reports and retrospective studies, data on efficacy are promising. Here we report our experience with TC-325 for diffuse or refractory UGIB.  Data on patients receiving TC-325 for endoscopic hemostasis from November 2013 to February 2017 at our center were analyzed retrospectively. Primary endpoints were technical success (successful immediate hemostasis) and clinical success (effective hemostasis and no recurrent bleeding). Secondary endpoints were recurrent bleeding within 3 and 7 days, hospital mortality and TC-325 associated complications. TC-325 was used for bleeding not amenable to standard endoscopic treatment (e. g. diffuse bleeding) or as salvage therapy after failure of conventional methods.  Fifty-two patients received TC-325 treatment. Most of the patients were treated for peptic ulcer bleeding (18/52 patients, 34.6 %) and post-interventional bleeding (13/52 patients, 25 %). Hemospray was used in 23/52 (44.2 %) patients as monotherapy and in 29/52 (55.8 %) patients as a salvage therapy. Application of the powder on the bleeding source was successful in all patients with no therapy-related adverse events (AEs). Immediate hemostasis was achieved in 51/52 (98.1 %) patients. Recurrent bleeding within 3 and 7 days was observed in 22/51 and 25/51 patients respectively (43.1 % and 49 %). The overall clinical success was 56.9 % on day 3 and 51 % on day 7. Total mortality was 15.4 % (8 patients), bleeding associated mortality was 3.8 % (2 patients). There were no therapy-related AEs.  TC-325 showed a high technical success rate as monotherapy for bleeding sources not amenable to standard methods or as an "add-on" therapy after unsuccessful hemostasis. However, rebleeding was frequent in this cohort and further studies are warranted to exactly define a

12 CFR 325.202 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.202 Definitions. For purposes of this subpart— (a) Adverse scenario means... appropriate for use in the company-run stress tests, including, but not limited to, baseline, adverse, and... of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1813). (l) Stress test means the process to assess...

12 CFR 325.203 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.203 Applicability. (a) First stress test for covered banks subject to stress testing requirements as of October 15, 2012. (1) A $10 billion to $50 billion covered bank as of October 15, 2012 must conduct its first stress test under this subpart using financial statement data as...

12 CFR 325.203 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.203 Applicability. (a) First stress test for covered banks subject to stress testing requirements as of October 15, 2012. (1) A $10 billion to $50 billion covered bank as of October 15, 2012 must conduct its first stress test under this subpart using financial statement data as...

12 CFR 325.202 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.202 Definitions. For purposes of this subpart— (a) Adverse scenario means... appropriate for use in the company-run stress tests, including, but not limited to, baseline, adverse, and... of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1813). (l) Stress test means the process to assess...

9 CFR 325.2 - Parcel post and ferries deemed carriers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Parcel post and ferries deemed carriers. 325.2 Section 325.2 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... to transportation by ferry of any products loaded on a truck or other vehicle, or otherwise moved by...

15 CFR 325.3 - Applying for a certificate of review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Applying for a certificate of review. 325.3 Section 325.3 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade... which it deals, and the places where it does business. This description may be supplemented by a chart...

Screening beneficial rhizobacteria from Spartina maritima for phytoremediation of metal polluted salt marshes: comparison of gram-positive and gram-negative strains.

PubMed

Paredes-Páliz, Karina I; Caviedes, Miguel A; Doukkali, Bouchra; Mateos-Naranjo, Enrique; Rodríguez-Llorente, Ignacio D; Pajuelo, Eloísa

2016-10-01

The aim of our work was the isolation and characterization of bacteria from the rhizosphere of Spartina maritima in the metal contaminated Odiel estuary (Huelva, SW Spain). From 25 strains, 84 % were identified as gram-positive, particularly Staphylococcus and Bacillus. Gram-negative bacteria were represented by Pantoea and Salmonella. Salt and heavy metal tolerance, metal bioabsorption, plant growth promoting (PGP) properties, and biofilm formation were investigated in the bacterial collection. Despite the higher abundance of gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative isolates displayed higher tolerance toward metal(loid)s (As, Cu, Zn, and Pb) and greater metal biosorption, as deduced from ICP-OES and SEM-EDX analyses. Besides, they exhibited better PGP properties, which were retained in the presence of metals and the ability to form biofilms. Gram-negative strains Pantoea agglomerans RSO6 and RSO7, together with gram-positive Bacillus aryabhattai RSO25, were selected for a bacterial consortium aimed to inoculate S. maritima plants in metal polluted estuaries for phytoremediation purposes.

Contribution of Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria in Growth Promotion and Zinc Content of Wheat.

PubMed

Kamran, Sana; Shahid, Izzah; Baig, Deeba N; Rizwan, Muhammad; Malik, Kauser A; Mehnaz, Samina

2017-01-01

Zinc is an imperative micronutrient required for optimum plant growth. Zinc solubilizing bacteria are potential alternatives for zinc supplementation and convert applied inorganic zinc to available forms. This study was conducted to screen zinc solubilizing rhizobacteria isolated from wheat and sugarcane, and to analyze their effect on wheat growth and development. Fourteen exo-polysaccharides producing bacterial isolates of wheat were identified and characterized biochemically as well as on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Along these, 10 identified sugarcane isolates were also screened for zinc solubilizing ability on five different insoluble zinc sources. Out of 24, five strains, i.e., EPS 1 ( Pseudomonas fragi) , EPS 6 ( Pantoea dispersa) , EPS 13 ( Pantoea agglomerans) , PBS 2 ( E. cloacae) and LHRW1 ( Rhizobium sp.) were selected (based on their zinc solubilizing and PGP activities) for pot scale plant experiments. ZnCO 3 was used as zinc source and wheat seedlings were inoculated with these five strains, individually, to assess their effect on plant growth and development. The effect on plants was analyzed based on growth parameters and quantifying zinc content of shoot, root and grains using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Plant experiment was performed in two sets. For first set of plant experiments (harvested after 1 month), maximum shoot and root dry weights and shoot lengths were noted for the plants inoculated with Rhizobium sp. (LHRW1) while E. cloacae (PBS 2) increased both shoot and root lengths. Highest zinc content was found in shoots of E. cloacae (PBS 2) and in roots of P. agglomerans (EPS 13) followed by zinc supplemented control. For second set of plant experiment, when plants were harvested after three months, Pantoea dispersa (EPS 6), P. agglomerans (EPS 13) and E. cloacae (PBS 2) significantly increased shoot dry weights. However, significant increase in root dry weights and maximum zinc content was recorded for Pseudomonas fragi (EPS

Origins of the E. coli Strain Causing an Outbreak of Hemolytic–Uremic Syndrome in Germany

PubMed Central

Rasko, David A.; Webster, Dale R.; Sahl, Jason W.; Bashir, Ali; Boisen, Nadia; Scheutz, Flemming; Paxinos, Ellen E.; Sebra, Robert; Chin, Chen-Shan; Iliopoulos, Dimitris; Klammer, Aaron; Peluso, Paul; Lee, Lawrence; Kislyuk, Andrey O.; Bullard, James; Kasarskis, Andrew; Wang, Susanna; Eid, John; Rank, David; Redman, Julia C.; Steyert, Susan R.; Frimodt-Møller, Jakob; Struve, Carsten; Petersen, Andreas M.; Krogfelt, Karen A.; Nataro, James P.; Schadt, Eric E.; Waldor, Matthew K.

2011-01-01

BACKGROUND A large outbreak of diarrhea and the hemolytic–uremic syndrome caused by an unusual serotype of Shiga-toxin–producing Escherichia coli (O104:H4) began in Germany in May 2011. As of July 22, a large number of cases of diarrhea caused by Shiga-toxin–producing E. coli have been reported — 3167 without the hemolytic–uremic syndrome (16 deaths) and 908 with the hemolytic–uremic syndrome (34 deaths) — indicating that this strain is notably more virulent than most of the Shiga-toxin–producing E. coli strains. Preliminary genetic characterization of the outbreak strain suggested that, unlike most of these strains, it should be classified within the enteroaggregative pathotype of E. coli. METHODS We used third-generation, single-molecule, real-time DNA sequencing to determine the complete genome sequence of the German outbreak strain, as well as the genome sequences of seven diarrhea-associated enteroaggregative E. coli serotype O104:H4 strains from Africa and four enteroaggregative E. coli reference strains belonging to other serotypes. Genomewide comparisons were performed with the use of these enteroaggregative E. coli genomes, as well as those of 40 previously sequenced E. coli isolates. RESULTS The enteroaggregative E. coli O104:H4 strains are closely related and form a distinct clade among E. coli and enteroaggregative E. coli strains. However, the genome of the German outbreak strain can be distinguished from those of other O104:H4 strains because it contains a prophage encoding Shiga toxin 2 and a distinct set of additional virulence and antibiotic-resistance factors. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that horizontal genetic exchange allowed for the emergence of the highly virulent Shiga-toxin–producing enteroaggregative E. coli O104:H4 strain that caused the German outbreak. More broadly, these findings highlight the way in which the plasticity of bacterial genomes facilitates the emergence of new pathogens. PMID:21793740

Frequency and severity of reactions to a 325-mg aspirin dose during desensitization.

PubMed

Schuler, Charles F; Baldwin, James L; Baptist, Alan P

2017-03-01

The frequency with which patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) react to 325 mg of aspirin during aspirin desensitization, or fail to react at all, is not fully known. To determine the rate and type of reaction at 325 mg of aspirin during desensitization. A retrospective study of 104 patients who underwent aspirin desensitization from 2010 to 2016 was performed. A standard desensitization protocol (starting at 20-40 mg, progressing through 325 mg, and extinguishing reactions by dose repetition) was used. Reactions were defined by upper respiratory tract symptoms, lower respiratory tract symptoms, and/or forced expiratory volume in 1 second decrease of 15% or greater. Patients who did and did not react were compared by logistic regression. Eighty-four patients reacted (81%) and 20 did not (19%). Seventy-seven patients who had a provoking reaction at 162 mg of aspirin or less subsequently extinguished their reactions before they reached a dose of 325 mg and had no problems at that dose; one subsequent 325-mg reaction occurred during a protocol violation. One initial provoking reaction to 325 mg occurred. Both 325-mg reactions were mild, and neither met the forced expiratory volume in 1 second criterion for a clinically meaningful change. The remaining 5 patients could not complete the protocol because of persistent reactions or social reasons. Reactors were more likely to have had asthma for more than 10 years than nonreactors (odds ratio, 3.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-10.3; P = .05). During aspirin desensitization for AERD, provoking reactions at the 325-mg dose are rare (1%) and mild. Patients who react at 162 mg or less and extinguish their reactions may be able to administer the 325-mg dose at home. Copyright © 2016 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

20 CFR 325.6 - Verification procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.6 Verification procedures. The Board's procedures for adjudicating and processing applications and claims for unemployment benefits filed pursuant to this part will...

20 CFR 325.6 - Verification procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.6 Verification procedures. The Board's procedures for adjudicating and processing applications and claims for unemployment benefits filed pursuant to this part will...

20 CFR 325.6 - Verification procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.6 Verification procedures. The Board's procedures for adjudicating and processing applications and claims for unemployment benefits filed pursuant to this part will...

20 CFR 325.6 - Verification procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.6 Verification procedures. The Board's procedures for adjudicating and processing applications and claims for unemployment benefits filed pursuant to this part will...

20 CFR 325.6 - Verification procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.6 Verification procedures. The Board's procedures for adjudicating and processing applications and claims for unemployment benefits filed pursuant to this part will...

12 CFR 325.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Report.” (m) Leverage ratio means the ratio of Tier 1 capital to total assets, as calculated under this... assets may be included in calculating the bank's Tier 1 capital. (v) Tier 1 capital or core capital means... in excess of the limit set forth in § 325.5(g), minus identified losses (to the extent that Tier 1...

15 CFR 325.9 - Reconsidering an application that has been denied.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reconsidering an application that has been denied. 325.9 Section 325.9 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MISCELLANEOUS...

9 CFR 3.25 - Facilities, general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... WELFARE STANDARDS Specifications for the Humane Handling, Care, Treatment, and Transportation of Guinea Pigs and Hamsters Facilities and Operating Standards § 3.25 Facilities, general. (a) Structural strength. Indoor and outdoor housing facilities for guinea pigs or hamsters shall be structurally sound and...

A novel Pseudomonas gessardii strain LZ-E simultaneously degrades naphthalene and reduces hexavalent chromium.

PubMed

Huang, Haiying; Wu, Kejia; Khan, Aman; Jiang, Yiming; Ling, Zhenmin; Liu, Pu; Chen, Yong; Tao, Xuanyu; Li, Xiangkai

2016-05-01

Combined pollutants with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals have been identified as toxic and unmanageable contaminates. In this work, Pseudomonas gessardii strain LZ-E isolated from wastewater discharge site of a petrochemical company degrades naphthalene and reduces Cr(VI) simultaneously. 95% of 10mgL(-1) Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III) while 77% of 800mgL(-1) naphthalene was degraded when strain LZ-E was incubated in BH medium for 48h. Furthermore, naphthalene promotes Cr(VI) reduction in strain LZ-E as catechol and phthalic acid produced in naphthalene degradation are able to reduce Cr(VI) abiotically. An aerated bioreactor system was setup to test strain LZ-E's remediation ability. Strain LZ-E continuously remediated naphthalene and Cr(VI) at rates of 15mgL(-1)h(-1) and 0.20mgL(-1)h(-1) of 800mgL(-1) naphthalene and 10mgL(-1) Cr(VI) addition with eight batches in 16days. In summary, strain LZ-E is a potential applicant for combined pollution remediation. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

49 CFR 325.37 - Location and operation of sound level measurement system; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... system; highway operations. 325.37 Section 325.37 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to...; Highway Operations § 325.37 Location and operation of sound level measurement system; highway operations..., the holder must orient himself/herself relative to the highway in a manner consistent with the...

49 CFR 325.37 - Location and operation of sound level measurement system; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... system; highway operations. 325.37 Section 325.37 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to...; Highway Operations § 325.37 Location and operation of sound level measurement system; highway operations..., the holder must orient himself/herself relative to the highway in a manner consistent with the...

49 CFR 325.37 - Location and operation of sound level measurement system; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... system; highway operations. 325.37 Section 325.37 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to...; Highway Operations § 325.37 Location and operation of sound level measurement system; highway operations..., the holder must orient himself/herself relative to the highway in a manner consistent with the...

14 CFR 125.325 - Instrument approach procedures and IFR landing minimums.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Instrument approach procedures and IFR landing minimums. 125.325 Section 125.325 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION... make an instrument approach at an airport except in accordance with IFR weather minimums and unless the...

14 CFR 125.325 - Instrument approach procedures and IFR landing minimums.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Instrument approach procedures and IFR landing minimums. 125.325 Section 125.325 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION... make an instrument approach at an airport except in accordance with IFR weather minimums and unless the...

14 CFR 125.325 - Instrument approach procedures and IFR landing minimums.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Instrument approach procedures and IFR landing minimums. 125.325 Section 125.325 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION... make an instrument approach at an airport except in accordance with IFR weather minimums and unless the...

14 CFR 125.325 - Instrument approach procedures and IFR landing minimums.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Instrument approach procedures and IFR landing minimums. 125.325 Section 125.325 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION... make an instrument approach at an airport except in accordance with IFR weather minimums and unless the...

14 CFR 125.325 - Instrument approach procedures and IFR landing minimums.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Instrument approach procedures and IFR landing minimums. 125.325 Section 125.325 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION... make an instrument approach at an airport except in accordance with IFR weather minimums and unless the...

49 CFR 325.57 - Location and operation of sound level measurement systems; stationary test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... the vehicle at an angle that is consistent with the recommendation of the system's manufacturer. If... systems; stationary test. 325.57 Section 325.57 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to...; Stationary Test § 325.57 Location and operation of sound level measurement systems; stationary test. (a) The...

Magnetism and Raman Spectroscopy of Pristine and Hydrogenated TaSe2 Monolayer tuned by Tensile and Pure Shear Strain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chowdhury, Sugata; Simpson, Jeffrey; Einstein, T. L.; Walker, Angela R. Hight

2D-materials with controllable optical, electronic and magnetic properties are desirable for novel nanodevices. Here we studied these properties for both pristine and hydrogenated TaSe2 (TaSe2-H) monolayer (ML) in the framework of DFT using the PAW method. We considered uniaxial and biaxial tensile strain, as well as shear strain along the basal planes in the range between 1% and 16%. Previous theoretical works (e.g.) considered only symmetrical biaxial tensile. Pristine ML is ferromagnetic for uniaxial tensile strain along ◯ or ŷ. For tensile strain in ŷ, the calculated magnetic moments of the Ta atoms are twice those for the same strain in ◯. Under pure shear strain (expansion along ŷ and compression along ◯), a pristine ML is ferromagnetic, but becomes non-magnetic when the strain directions are interchanged. Due to carrier-mediated double-exchange, the pristine ML is ferromagnetic when the Se-Ta-Se bond angle is < 82° and the ML thickness is < 3.25Å. We find that all Raman-active phonon modes show obvious red-shifting due to bond elongation and the E2 modes degeneracy is lifted as strain increases. For a TaSe2-H ML, the same trends were observed. Results show the ability to tune the properties of 2D-materials.

Ultraviolet photorefraction at 325 nm in doped lithium niobate crystals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xin, Feifei; Zhang, Guoquan; Bo, Fang; Sun, Haifeng; Kong, Yongfa; Xu, Jingjun; Volk, Tatyana; Rubinina, Natalia M.

2010-02-01

We studied the photorefractive effect of lithium niobate (LiNbO3) doped with Mg, Zn, In, Hf, or codoped with Mg and Fe at an ultraviolet (UV) wavelength down to 325 nm. It is found that the UV photorefraction of LiNbO3 doped with Mg, Zn, In, or Hf was enhanced significantly as compared to that of the nominally pure LiNbO3. Our results show that the property of resistance against photorefraction in highly Mg, Zn, In, or Hf doped LiNbO3 is true only in the visible and near-infrared wavelength range. By contrast, these crystals exhibit excellent photorefractive characteristics at UV wavelength of 325 nm, even better than those at 351 nm. For example, the photorefractive two-wave coupling gain coefficient Γ and the photorefractive recording sensitivity at 325 nm were measured to be ˜38 cm-1 and 37.7 cm/J, respectively, in a LiNbO3 crystal doped with 9 mol % Zn. The photorefractive response time of a Mg:LiNbO3 with a 9 mol % Mg was measured to be 73 ms with a total recording intensity of 614 mW/cm2 at 325 nm. In highly Mg, Zn, In, or Hf doped LiNbO3 crystals, diffusion dominates over photovoltaic effect and electrons are the dominant charge carriers in UV photorefraction at 325 nm. The results are also of interest to the study on the defect structure of LiNbO3 near to the absorption edge.

A live, attenuated pseudorabies virus strain JS-2012 deleted for gE/gI protects against both classical and emerging strains.

PubMed

Tong, Wu; Li, Guoxin; Liang, Chao; Liu, Fei; Tian, Qing; Cao, Yanyun; Li, Lin; Zheng, Xuchen; Zheng, Hao; Tong, Guangzhi

2016-06-01

Emerging pseudorabies virus (PRV) variant have led to pseudorabies outbreaks in Chinese pig farms. The commercially available PRV vaccine provides poor protection against the PRV variant. In this study, a gE/gI deleted PRV strain JS-2012-△gE/gI was generated from a PRV variant strain using homologous DNA recombination. Compared to the parental strain JS-2012, JS-2012-△gE/gI grew slowly and showed small plaque morphology on Vero cells. The safety and immunological efficacy of JS-2012-△gE/gI was evaluated as a vaccine candidate. JS-2012-△gE/gI was avirulent to suckling piglets, but was able to provide full protection for young piglets against challenge with both the classical virulent PRV and the emerging PRV variant. After sows were vaccinated with the gE/gI-deleted strain, their suckling offspring were resistant to an otherwise lethal challenge with the classical and the variant PRVs. Piglets inoculated with JS-2012-△gE/gI did not develop PRV-specific gE-ELISA antibodies. Thus, JS-2012-△gE/gI appears to be a promising marker vaccine candidate to control PRV variant circulating in pig farms in China. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Development of PMA real-time PCR method to quantify viable cells of Pantoea agglomerans CPA-2, an antagonist to control the major postharvest diseases on oranges.

PubMed

Soto-Muñoz, Lourdes; Teixidó, Neus; Usall, Josep; Viñas, Inmaculada; Crespo-Sempere, Ana; Torres, Rosario

2014-06-16

Dilution plating is the quantification method commonly used to estimate the population level of postharvest biocontrol agents, but this method does not permit a distinction among introduced and indigenous strains. Recently, molecular techniques based on DNA amplification such as quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) have been successfully applied for their high strain-specific detection level. However, the ability of qPCR to distinguish viable and nonviable cells is limited. A promising strategy to avoid this issue relies on the use of nucleic acid intercalating dyes, such as propidium monoazide (PMA), as a sample pretreatment prior to the qPCR. The objective of this study was to optimize a protocol based on PMA pre-treatment samples combined with qPCR to distinguish and quantify viable cells of the biocontrol agent P. agglomerans CPA-2 applied as a postharvest treatment on orange. The efficiency of PMA-qPCR method under the established conditions (30μM PMA for 20min of incubation followed by 30min of LED light exposure) was evaluated on an orange matrix. Results showed no difference in CFU or cells counts of viable cells between PMA-qPCR and dilution plating. Samples of orange matrix inoculated with a mixture of viable/dead cells showed 5.59log10 CFU/ml by dilution plating, 8.25log10 cells/ml by qPCR, and 5.93log10 cells/ml by PMA-qPCR. Furthermore, samples inoculated with heat-killed cells were not detected by dilution plating and PMA-qPCR, while by qPCR was of 8.16log10 cells/ml. The difference in quantification cycles (Cq) among qPCR and PMA-qPCR was approximately 16cycles, which means a reduction of 65,536 fold of the dead cells detected. In conclusion, PMA-qPCR method is a suitable tool for quantify viable CPA-2 cells, which could be useful to estimate the ability of this antagonist to colonize the orange surface. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Detection of the CS20 colonization factor antigen in diffuse-adhering E. coli strains

PubMed Central

Ochoa, Theresa J.; Rivera, Fulton P.; Bernal, Maria; Meza, Rina; Ecker, Lucie; Gil, Ana I.; Cepeda, David; Mosquito, Susan; Mercado, Erik; Maves, Ryan C.; Hall, Eric R.; Svennerholm, Ann-Mari; McVeigh, Annette; Savarino, Stephen; Lanata, Claudio F.

2011-01-01

We analyzed a randomly-selected group of 30 diffusely adherent (DAEC), 30 enteropathogenic, 30 enteroaggregative, and 5 shiga toxin-producing E. coli strains isolated from children with diarrhea. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) colonization factors (CFs) were evaluated by dot-blot assay using 21 CF-specific monoclonal antibodies. Out of 95 non-ETEC strains, three DAEC were found to express CS20. No other E. coli expressed CFs. We confirmed the 3 CS20-positive strains as ETEC-negative by repeat PCR and as toxin-negative by GM1-ELISA. To our knowledge, this is the first study that has identified currently-recognized CFs in non-ETEC diarrheagenic E. coli strains identified by molecular methods. CFs may be an unrecognized relevant adherence factor in other E. coli, which may then play a role in pathogenesis and the immune response of the host. PMID:21064230

21 CFR 172.325 - Bakers yeast protein.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... harmful microbial toxin. (d) The ingredient is used in food as a nutrient supplement as defined in § 170.3... Special Dietary and Nutritional Additives § 172.325 Bakers yeast protein. Bakers yeast protein may be...

21 CFR 172.325 - Bakers yeast protein.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... harmful microbial toxin. (d) The ingredient is used in food as a nutrient supplement as defined in § 170.3... Special Dietary and Nutritional Additives § 172.325 Bakers yeast protein. Bakers yeast protein may be...

21 CFR 172.325 - Bakers yeast protein.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... harmful microbial toxin. (d) The ingredient is used in food as a nutrient supplement as defined in § 170.3... Special Dietary and Nutritional Additives § 172.325 Bakers yeast protein. Bakers yeast protein may be...

21 CFR 172.325 - Bakers yeast protein.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... harmful microbial toxin. (d) The ingredient is used in food as a nutrient supplement as defined in § 170.3... Special Dietary and Nutritional Additives § 172.325 Bakers yeast protein. Bakers yeast protein may be...

46 CFR 148.325 - Wood chips; wood pellets; wood pulp pellets.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Wood chips; wood pellets; wood pulp pellets. 148.325... § 148.325 Wood chips; wood pellets; wood pulp pellets. (a) This part applies to wood chips and wood pulp... cargo hold. (b) No person may enter a cargo hold containing wood chips, wood pellets, or wood pulp...

46 CFR 148.325 - Wood chips; wood pellets; wood pulp pellets.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Wood chips; wood pellets; wood pulp pellets. 148.325... § 148.325 Wood chips; wood pellets; wood pulp pellets. (a) This part applies to wood chips and wood pulp... cargo hold. (b) No person may enter a cargo hold containing wood chips, wood pellets, or wood pulp...

46 CFR 148.325 - Wood chips; wood pellets; wood pulp pellets.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Wood chips; wood pellets; wood pulp pellets. 148.325... § 148.325 Wood chips; wood pellets; wood pulp pellets. (a) This part applies to wood chips and wood pulp... cargo hold. (b) No person may enter a cargo hold containing wood chips, wood pellets, or wood pulp...

46 CFR 148.325 - Wood chips; wood pellets; wood pulp pellets.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Wood chips; wood pellets; wood pulp pellets. 148.325... § 148.325 Wood chips; wood pellets; wood pulp pellets. (a) This part applies to wood chips and wood pulp... cargo hold. (b) No person may enter a cargo hold containing wood chips, wood pellets, or wood pulp...

33 CFR 325.3 - Public notice.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) The comment period based on § 325.2(d)(2); (15) A statement that any person may request, in writing... various evaluation factors on which decisions are based shall be included in every public notice. (1... whether to issue a permit will be based on an evaluation of the probable impact including cumulative...

33 CFR 325.3 - Public notice.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) The comment period based on § 325.2(d)(2); (15) A statement that any person may request, in writing... various evaluation factors on which decisions are based shall be included in every public notice. (1... whether to issue a permit will be based on an evaluation of the probable impact including cumulative...

33 CFR 325.3 - Public notice.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...) The comment period based on § 325.2(d)(2); (15) A statement that any person may request, in writing... various evaluation factors on which decisions are based shall be included in every public notice. (1... whether to issue a permit will be based on an evaluation of the probable impact including cumulative...

33 CFR 325.3 - Public notice.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...) The comment period based on § 325.2(d)(2); (15) A statement that any person may request, in writing... various evaluation factors on which decisions are based shall be included in every public notice. (1... whether to issue a permit will be based on an evaluation of the probable impact including cumulative...

33 CFR 325.3 - Public notice.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) The comment period based on § 325.2(d)(2); (15) A statement that any person may request, in writing... various evaluation factors on which decisions are based shall be included in every public notice. (1... whether to issue a permit will be based on an evaluation of the probable impact including cumulative...

Effectiveness of TC-325 (Hemospray) for treatment of diffuse or refractory upper gastrointestinal bleeding – a single center experience

PubMed Central

Cahyadi, Oscar; Bauder, Markus; Meier, Benjamin; Caca, Karel; Schmidt, Arthur

2017-01-01

Background and study aims  TC-325 (Hemospray, Cook Medical) is a powder agent for endoscopic hemostasis in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). Although most publications are based on case-reports and retrospective studies, data on efficacy are promising. Here we report our experience with TC-325 for diffuse or refractory UGIB. Patients and methods  Data on patients receiving TC-325 for endoscopic hemostasis from November 2013 to February 2017 at our center were analyzed retrospectively. Primary endpoints were technical success (successful immediate hemostasis) and clinical success (effective hemostasis and no recurrent bleeding). Secondary endpoints were recurrent bleeding within 3 and 7 days, hospital mortality and TC-325 associated complications. TC-325 was used for bleeding not amenable to standard endoscopic treatment (e. g. diffuse bleeding) or as salvage therapy after failure of conventional methods Results  Fifty-two patients received TC-325 treatment. Most of the patients were treated for peptic ulcer bleeding (18/52 patients, 34.6 %) and post-interventional bleeding (13/52 patients, 25 %). Hemospray was used in 23/52 (44.2 %) patients as monotherapy and in 29/52 (55.8 %) patients as a salvage therapy. Application of the powder on the bleeding source was successful in all patients with no therapy-related adverse events (AEs). Immediate hemostasis was achieved in 51/52 (98.1 %) patients. Recurrent bleeding within 3 and 7 days was observed in 22/51 and 25/51 patients respectively (43.1 % and 49 %). The overall clinical success was 56.9 % on day 3 and 51 % on day 7. Total mortality was 15.4 % (8 patients), bleeding associated mortality was 3.8 % (2 patients). There were no therapy-related AEs. Conclusions  TC-325 showed a high technical success rate as monotherapy for bleeding sources not amenable to standard methods or as an “add-on” therapy after unsuccessful hemostasis. However, rebleeding was frequent

Evolution of a recombinant (gucoamylase-producing) strain of Fusarium venenatum A3/5 in chemostat culture.

PubMed

Wiebe, M G; Robson, G D; Shuster, J; Trinci, A P

2001-04-20

Fusarium venenatum JeRS 325 is a transformant of strain A3/5 which produces Aspergillus niger glucoamylase (GAM) under the control of a Fusarium oxysporum trypsin-like protease promoter. The evolution of JeRS 325 was studied in glucose-limited chemostat cultures grown on NaNO3 or (NH4)2SO4 as the nitrogen source. Thirteen mutants which were more highly branched and four mutants which were more sparsely branched than the parental strain were isolated from the NaNO3 chemostat. The highly branched mutants detected in this chemostat did not displace the sparsely branched population. The mutants isolated from the NaNO3 chemostat complemented representative strains previously isolated from glucose-limited chemostat cultures of F. venenatum A3/5 grown on (NH4)2SO4, but showed little complementation between themselves. By contrast, a highly branched mutant isolated from the (NH4)2SO4 chemostat culture displaced the sparsely branched mycelial population. None of the mutants isolated from the NaNO3 or (NH4)2SO4 chemostats produced as much GAM as JeRS 325. Southern blot analysis showed that all except one mutant had lost copies of both the glucoamylase and the acetamidase (the selectable marker) genes. However, specific GAM production was not necessarily correlated with the extent of glaA gene loss observed. Further, 10 of the mutants had lost the ability to grow on acetamide as the sole nitrogen source, although they retained copies of the amdS gene. In competition studies, mutants which could not utilize acetamide displaced mutants which could. The presence of foreign DNA in JeRS 325 resulted in a reduced specific growth rate (compared to A3/5), but the presence of the foreign DNA did not prevent the evolution of the strain or the isolation of mutants which had improved growth rates. Copyright 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

9 CFR 325.3 - Product transported within the United States as part of export movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Product transported within the United States as part of export movement. 325.3 Section 325.3 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND... PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION TRANSPORTATION § 325.3 Product transported...

25 CFR 32.5 - Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561. 32.5... POLICIES § 32.5 Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561. The Director, Office Indian Education Programs will develop guidelines for evaluating all functional and programmatic responsibilities associated...

25 CFR 32.5 - Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561. 32.5... POLICIES § 32.5 Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561. The Director, Office Indian Education Programs will develop guidelines for evaluating all functional and programmatic responsibilities associated...

25 CFR 32.5 - Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561. 32.5... POLICIES § 32.5 Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561. The Director, Office Indian Education Programs will develop guidelines for evaluating all functional and programmatic responsibilities associated...

25 CFR 32.5 - Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561. 32.5... POLICIES § 32.5 Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561. The Director, Office Indian Education Programs will develop guidelines for evaluating all functional and programmatic responsibilities associated...

49 CFR 325.23 - Type of measurement systems which may be used.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Type of measurement systems which may be used. 325... INTERSTATE MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS Instrumentation § 325.23 Type of measurement systems which may be used. The sound level measurement system must meet or exceed the requirements of American...

24 CFR 35.325 - Child with an environmental intervention blood lead level.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... intervention blood lead level. 35.325 Section 35.325 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary... environmental intervention blood lead level. If a child less than 6 years of age living in a federally assisted dwelling unit has an environmental intervention blood lead level, the owner shall immediately conduct a...

24 CFR 35.325 - Child with an environmental intervention blood lead level.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... intervention blood lead level. 35.325 Section 35.325 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary... environmental intervention blood lead level. If a child less than 6 years of age living in a federally assisted dwelling unit has an environmental intervention blood lead level, the owner shall immediately conduct a...

24 CFR 35.325 - Child with an environmental intervention blood lead level.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... intervention blood lead level. 35.325 Section 35.325 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary... environmental intervention blood lead level. If a child less than 6 years of age living in a federally assisted dwelling unit has an environmental intervention blood lead level, the owner shall immediately conduct a...

24 CFR 35.325 - Child with an environmental intervention blood lead level.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... intervention blood lead level. 35.325 Section 35.325 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary... environmental intervention blood lead level. If a child less than 6 years of age living in a federally assisted dwelling unit has an environmental intervention blood lead level, the owner shall immediately conduct a...

24 CFR 35.325 - Child with an environmental intervention blood lead level.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... intervention blood lead level. 35.325 Section 35.325 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary... environmental intervention blood lead level. If a child less than 6 years of age living in a federally assisted dwelling unit has an environmental intervention blood lead level, the owner shall immediately conduct a...

76 FR 53907 - Determination That TALWIN COMPOUND (Aspirin; Pentazocine Hydrochloride) Tablets, 325 Milligrams...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-30

...] Determination That TALWIN COMPOUND (Aspirin; Pentazocine Hydrochloride) Tablets, 325 Milligrams; Equivalent to... determined that TALWIN COMPOUND (aspirin; pentazocine hydrochloride (HCl)) tablets, 325 milligrams (mg... determination will allow FDA to approve abbreviated new drug applications (ANDAs) for aspirin; pentazocine HCl...

Stress corrosion cracking and corrosion fatigue characterisation of MgZn1Ca0.3 (ZX10) in a simulated physiological environment.

PubMed

Jafari, Sajjad; Raman, R K Singh; Davies, Chris H J; Hofstetter, Joelle; Uggowitzer, Peter J; Löffler, Jörg F

2017-01-01

Magnesium (Mg) alloys have attracted great attention as potential materials for biodegradable implants. It is essential that an implant material possesses adequate resistance to cracking/fracture under the simultaneous actions of corrosion and mechanical stresses, i.e., stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and/or corrosion fatigue (CF). This study investigates the deformation behaviour of a newly developed high-strength low-alloy Mg alloy, MgZn1Ca0.3 (ZX10), processed at two different extrusion temperatures of 325 and 400°C (named E325 and E400, respectively), under slow strain tensile and cyclic tension-compression loadings in air and modified simulated body fluid (m-SBF). Extrusion resulted in a bimodal grain size distribution with recrystallised grain sizes of 1.2 μm ± 0.8 μm and 7 ± 5 μm for E325 and E400, respectively. E325 possessed superior tensile and fatigue properties to E400 when tested in air. This is mainly attributed to a grain-boundary strengthening mechanism. However, both E325 and E400 were found to be susceptible to SCC at a strain rate of 3.1×10 -7 s -1 in m-SBF. Moreover, both E325 and E400 showed similar fatigue strength when tested in m-SBF. This is explained on the basis of crack initiation from localised corrosion following tests in m-SBF. Crown Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Comparative Genomics of Ricketttsia prowazekii Madrid E and Breinl Strains

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-01-01

natural exposure to antibiotic -resistant strains and the use of laboratory-manipulated strains as bio- logical warfare agents (28). The World Health...tussis, in the Cag system in Helicobacter pylori, and in the icm/dot system in Legionella pneumophila (reference 12 and references therein). However, the...transfer by the virulence system of Legionella pneumophila. Science 279:873– 876. 45. Waghela, S. D., F. R. Rurangirwa, S. M. Mahan, C. E. Yunker, T. B

Hepatitis C Virus Strain-Dependent Usage of Apolipoprotein E Modulates Assembly Efficiency and Specific Infectivity of Secreted Virions.

PubMed

Weller, Romy; Hueging, Kathrin; Brown, Richard J P; Todt, Daniel; Joecks, Sebastian; Vondran, Florian W R; Pietschmann, Thomas

2017-09-15

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is extraordinarily diverse and uses entry factors in a strain-specific manner. Virus particles associate with lipoproteins, and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is critical for HCV assembly and infectivity. However, whether ApoE dependency is common to all HCV genotypes remains unknown. Therefore, we compared the roles of ApoE utilizing 10 virus strains from genotypes 1 through 7. ApoA and ApoC also support HCV assembly, so they may contribute to virus production in a strain-dependent fashion. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed abundant coexpression of ApoE, ApoB, ApoA1, ApoA2, ApoC1, ApoC2, and ApoC3 in primary hepatocytes and in Huh-7.5 cells. Virus production was examined in Huh-7.5 cells with and without ApoE expression and in 293T cells where individual apolipoproteins (ApoE1, -E2, -E3, -A1, -A2, -C1, and -C3) were provided in trans All strains were strictly ApoE dependent. However, ApoE involvement in virus production was strain and cell type specific, because some HCV strains poorly produced infectious virus in ApoE-expressing 293T cells and because ApoE knockout differentially affected virus production of HCV strains in Huh-7.5 cells. ApoE allelic isoforms (ApoE2, -E3, and -E4) complemented virus production of HCV strains to comparable degrees. All tested strains assembled infectious progeny with ApoE in preference to other exchangeable apolipoproteins (ApoA1, -A2, -C1, and -C3). The specific infectivity of HCV particles was similar for 293T- and Huh-7.5-derived particles for most strains; however, it differed by more than 100-fold in some viruses. Collectively, this study reveals strain-dependent and host cell-dependent use of ApoE during HCV assembly. These differences relate to the efficacy of virus production and also to the properties of released virus particles and therefore govern viral fitness at the level of assembly and cell entry. IMPORTANCE Chronic HCV infections are a major cause of liver disease. HCV is highly variable

9 CFR 113.325 - Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine. 113... REQUIREMENTS Live Virus Vaccines § 113.325 Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine. Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine... vaccine production. All serials shall be prepared from the first through the fifth passage from the Master...

9 CFR 113.325 - Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine. 113... REQUIREMENTS Live Virus Vaccines § 113.325 Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine. Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine... vaccine production. All serials shall be prepared from the first through the fifth passage from the Master...

9 CFR 113.325 - Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine. 113... REQUIREMENTS Live Virus Vaccines § 113.325 Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine. Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine... vaccine production. All serials shall be prepared from the first through the fifth passage from the Master...

9 CFR 113.325 - Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine. 113... REQUIREMENTS Live Virus Vaccines § 113.325 Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine. Avian Encephalomyelitis Vaccine... vaccine production. All serials shall be prepared from the first through the fifth passage from the Master...

14 CFR 325.11 - Form of documents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) PROCEDURAL REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE PROCEDURES § 325.11 Form of documents. All documents filed under this part shall be filed in the Documentary Services Division, U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200 New Jersey...

12 CFR 325.205 - Methodologies and practices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... procedures, that are designed to ensure that its stress test processes satisfy the requirements in this... POLICY CAPITAL MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.205 Methodologies and practices. (a) Potential impact on capital. In conducting a stress test under this subpart, during each quarter of the planning...

12 CFR 325.205 - Methodologies and practices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... procedures, that are designed to ensure that its stress test processes satisfy the requirements in this... POLICY CAPITAL MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.205 Methodologies and practices. (a) Potential impact on capital. In conducting a stress test under this subpart, during each quarter of the planning...

25 CFR 32.5 - Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561. 32.5... POLICIES § 32.5 Evaluation of implementation of Pub. L. 95-561. The Director, Office Indian Education... with title XI of the Education Amendments of 1978 (Pub. L. 95-561), and in the January 1, 1981 annual...

Potential for Nezara virdula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) to Transmit Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens into Cotton Bolls

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Recently, we described the vectoring of an opportunistic Pantoea agglomerans strain into green cotton bolls by the southern green stink bug (Nezara viridula L.) (SGSB) that resulted in disease. We hypothesized that our established experimental disease model could be used to determine whether SGSB s...

20 CFR 641.325 - What information must be provided in the State Plan?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What information must be provided in the State Plan? 641.325 Section 641.325 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR PROVISIONS GOVERNING THE SENIOR COMMUNITY SERVICE EMPLOYMENT PROGRAM The State Senior...

Protective effects of indigenous Escherichia coli against a pathogenic E. coli challenge strain in pigs.

PubMed

Vahjen, W; Cuisiniere, T; Zentek, J

2017-10-13

To investigate the inhibitory effect of indigenous enterobacteria on pathogenic Escherichia coli, a challenge trial with postweaning pigs was conducted. A pathogenic E. coli strain was administered to all animals and their health was closely monitored thereafter. Faecal samples were taken from three healthy and three diarrhoeic animals. Samples were cultivated on MacConkey agar and isolates were subcultured. A soft agar overlay assay was used to determine the inhibitory activity of the isolates. A total of 1,173 enterobacterial isolates were screened for their ability to inhibit the E. coli challenge strain. Colony forming units of enterobacteria on MacConkey agar were not different between healthy and diarrhoeic animals in the original samples. Furthermore, numbers of isolates per animal were also not significantly different between healthy (482 isolates) and diarrhoeic animals (691 isolates). A total of 43 isolates (3.7%) with inhibitory activity against the pathogenic E. coli challenge strain were detected. All inhibitory isolates were identified as E. coli via MALDI-TOF. The isolates belonged to the phylotypes A, C and E. Many isolates (67.4%) were commensal E. coli without relevant porcine pathogenic factors, but toxin- and fimbrial genes (stx2e, fae, estIb, elt1a, fas, fan) were detected in 14 inhibitory isolates. Healthy animals showed significantly (P=0.003) more inhibitory isolates (36 of 482 isolates; 7.5%) than diseased animals (7 of 691 isolates; 1.0%). There were no significant correlations regarding phylotype or pathogenic factors between healthy and diseased animals. This study has shown that a small proportion of indigenous E. coli is able to inhibit in vitro growth of a pathogenic E. coli strain in pigs. Furthermore, healthy animals possess significantly more inhibitory E. coli strains than diarrhoeic animals. The inhibition of pathogenic E. coli by specific indigenous E. coli strains may be an underlying principle for the containment of pathogenic

Identification of Novel Linear Megaplasmids Carrying a ß-Lactamase Gene in Neurotoxigenic Clostridium butyricum Type E Strains

PubMed Central

Franciosa, Giovanna; Scalfaro, Concetta; Di Bonito, Paola; Vitale, Marco; Aureli, Paolo

2011-01-01

Since the first isolation of type E botulinum toxin-producing Clostridium butyricum from two infant botulism cases in Italy in 1984, this peculiar microorganism has been implicated in different forms of botulism worldwide. By applying particular pulsed-field gel electrophoresis run conditions, we were able to show for the first time that ten neurotoxigenic C. butyricum type E strains originated from Italy and China have linear megaplasmids in their genomes. At least four different megaplasmid sizes were identified among the ten neurotoxigenic C. butyricum type E strains. Each isolate displayed a single sized megaplasmid that was shown to possess a linear structure by ATP-dependent exonuclease digestion. Some of the neurotoxigenic C. butyricum type E strains possessed additional smaller circular plasmids. In order to investigate the genetic content of the newly identified megaplasmids, selected gene probes were designed and used in Southern hybridization experiments. Our results revealed that the type E botulinum neurotoxin gene was chromosome-located in all neurotoxigenic C. butyricum type E strains. Similar results were obtained with the 16S rRNA, the tetracycline tet(P) and the lincomycin resistance protein lmrB gene probes. A specific mobA gene probe only hybridized to the smaller plasmids of the Italian C. butyricum type E strains. Of note, a ß-lactamase gene probe hybridized to the megaplasmids of eight neurotoxigenic C. butyricum type E strains, of which seven from clinical sources and the remaining one from a food implicated in foodborne botulism, whereas this ß-lactam antibiotic resistance gene was absent form the megaplasmids of the two soil strains examined. The widespread occurrence among C. butyricum type E strains associated to human disease of linear megaplasmids harboring an antibiotic resistance gene strongly suggests that the megaplasmids could have played an important role in the emergence of C. butyricum type E as a human pathogen. PMID

Avian-pathogenic Escherichia coli strains are similar to neonatal meningitis E. coli strains and are able to cause meningitis in the rat model of human disease.

PubMed

Tivendale, Kelly A; Logue, Catherine M; Kariyawasam, Subhashinie; Jordan, Dianna; Hussein, Ashraf; Li, Ganwu; Wannemuehler, Yvonne; Nolan, Lisa K

2010-08-01

Escherichia coli strains causing avian colibacillosis and human neonatal meningitis, urinary tract infections, and septicemia are collectively known as extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Characterization of ExPEC strains using various typing techniques has shown that they harbor many similarities, despite their isolation from different host species, leading to the hypothesis that ExPEC may have zoonotic potential. The present study examined a subset of ExPEC strains: neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC) strains and avian-pathogenic E. coli (APEC) strains belonging to the O18 serogroup. The study found that they were not easily differentiated on the basis of multilocus sequence typing, phylogenetic typing, or carriage of large virulence plasmids. Among the APEC strains examined, one strain was found to be an outlier, based on the results of these typing methods, and demonstrated reduced virulence in murine and avian pathogenicity models. Some of the APEC strains tested in a rat model of human neonatal meningitis were able to cause meningitis, demonstrating APEC's ability to cause disease in mammals, lending support to the hypothesis that APEC strains have zoonotic potential. In addition, some NMEC strains were able to cause avian colisepticemia, providing further support for this hypothesis. However, not all of the NMEC and APEC strains tested were able to cause disease in avian and murine hosts, despite the apparent similarities in their known virulence attributes. Thus, it appears that a subset of NMEC and APEC strains harbors zoonotic potential, while other strains do not, suggesting that unknown mechanisms underlie host specificity in some ExPEC strains.

Strain E?ect on the Instability of Island Formation in Submonolayer Heteroepitaxy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yao, yugui; Li, Maozhi; Wu, Biao

2009-01-01

Strain e ect on the instability of island formation in submonolayer heteroepitaxy is studied in both thermodynamic and kinetic regimes. By using linear stability analysis, the energy change of an island due to small perturbations is analyzed. A phase diagram is constructed to illustrate the interplay between kinetic processes and strain e ect on the shape instability. Critical island sizes beyond which islands grow unstable are also derived for various growth conditions and can be used to estimate energy parameters. The scaling forms of shape instability are also discussed.

9 CFR 325.11 - Inedible articles: denaturing and other means of identification; exceptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... other means of identification; exceptions. 325.11 Section 325.11 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY... the carcasses of livestock, or other meat food product, that has not been inspected and passed at an..., and no carcass, part of a carcass, fat or other meat food product that is adulterated or misbranded...

9 CFR 325.11 - Inedible articles: denaturing and other means of identification; exceptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... other means of identification; exceptions. 325.11 Section 325.11 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY... the carcasses of livestock, or other meat food product, that has not been inspected and passed at an..., and no carcass, part of a carcass, fat or other meat food product that is adulterated or misbranded...

9 CFR 325.11 - Inedible articles: denaturing and other means of identification; exceptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... other means of identification; exceptions. 325.11 Section 325.11 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY... the carcasses of livestock, or other meat food product, that has not been inspected and passed at an..., and no carcass, part of a carcass, fat or other meat food product that is adulterated or misbranded...

9 CFR 325.11 - Inedible articles: denaturing and other means of identification; exceptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... other means of identification; exceptions. 325.11 Section 325.11 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY... the carcasses of livestock, or other meat food product, that has not been inspected and passed at an..., and no carcass, part of a carcass, fat or other meat food product that is adulterated or misbranded...

9 CFR 325.11 - Inedible articles: denaturing and other means of identification; exceptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... other means of identification; exceptions. 325.11 Section 325.11 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY... the carcasses of livestock, or other meat food product, that has not been inspected and passed at an..., and no carcass, part of a carcass, fat or other meat food product that is adulterated or misbranded...

Genetic Evaluation of E. coli Strains Isolated from Asymptomatic Children with Neurogenic Bladders

PubMed Central

Kryger, John; Burleigh, Alexandra; Christensen, Melissa; Hopkins, Walter

2015-01-01

This study was conducted to describe the genetic profiles of E. coli that colonize asymptomatic pediatric neurogenic bladders. E. coli was isolated from 25 of 80 urine samples. Patients were excluded if they presented with symptomatic urinary tract infection or received treatment with antibiotics in the preceding three months. Multiplex PCR was performed to determine E. coli phylotype (A, B1, B2, and D) and the presence of seven pathogenicity islands (PAIs) and 10 virulence factors (VFs). E. coli strains were predominantly of the B1 and B2 phylotype, with few strains in the A or D phylotype. The PAIs IV536, ICFT073, and IICFT073 had the highest prevalence: 76%, 64%, and 48%, respectively. The PAIs II536, IJ96, and IIJ96 were less prevalent: 28%, 20%, and 24%, respectively. The most prevalent VF was vat (40%), while the least prevalent VFs were sfa (8%) and iha (12%). None of the strains carried the VF fyuA, which is very common in uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). The genetic profiles of E. coli in this cohort seem to be more similar to UPEC than to commensal E. coli. However, they appear to have reduced virulence potential that allows them to colonize asymptomatically. PMID:26609542

Drain the lysosome: Development of the novel orally available autophagy inhibitor ROC-325.

PubMed

Carew, Jennifer S; Nawrocki, Steffan T

2017-04-03

Although macroautophagy/autophagy is a key contributor to malignant pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance, there are few FDA-approved agents that significantly affect this pathway. We used medicinal chemistry strategies to develop ROC-325, an orally available novel inhibitor of lysosomal-mediated autophagy. Detailed in vitro and in vivo studies in preclinical models of renal cell carcinoma demonstrated that ROC-325 triggered the hallmark features of lysosomal autophagy inhibition, was very well tolerated, and exhibited significant superiority with respect to autophagy inhibition and anticancer activity over hydroxychloroquine. Our findings support the clinical investigation of the safety and preliminary efficacy of ROC-325 in patients with autophagy-dependent malignancies and other disorders where aberrant autophagy contributes to disease pathogenesis.

29 CFR 778.325 - Effect on salary covering more than 40 hours' pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Effect on salary covering more than 40 hours' pay. 778.325... COMPENSATION Special Problems Reduction in Workweek Schedule with No Change in Pay § 778.325 Effect on salary covering more than 40 hours' pay. The same reasoning applies to salary covering straight time pay for a...

9 CFR 325.6 - Shipment of paunches between official establishments under official seal; certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... establishments under official seal; certificate. 325.6 Section 325.6 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND... between official establishments under official seal; certificate. Cattle and sheep paunches which have... seal of the Department as prescribed in § 312.5(a) of this subchapter. ...

9 CFR 325.6 - Shipment of paunches between official establishments under official seal; certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... establishments under official seal; certificate. 325.6 Section 325.6 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND... between official establishments under official seal; certificate. Cattle and sheep paunches which have... seal of the Department as prescribed in § 312.5(a) of this subchapter. ...

Kinetics of bacterial potentiometric titrations: the effect of equilibration time on buffering capacity of Pantoea agglomerans suspensions.

PubMed

Kapetas, Leon; Ngwenya, Bryne T; Macdonald, Alan M; Elphick, Stephen C

2011-07-15

Several recent studies have made use of continuous acid-base titration data to describe the surface chemistry of bacterial cells as a basis for accurately modelling metal adsorption to bacteria and other biomaterials of potential industrial importance. These studies do not share a common protocol; rather they titrate in different pH ranges and they use different stability criteria to define equilibration time during titration. In the present study we investigate the kinetics of bacterial titrations and test the effect they have on the derivation of functional group concentrations and acidity constants. We titrated suspensions of Pantoea agglomerans by varying the equilibration time between successive titrant additions until stability of 0.1 or 0.001 mV s(-1) was attained. We show that under longer equilibration times, titration results are less reproducible and suspensions exhibit marginally higher buffering. Fluorescence images suggest that cell lysis is not responsible for these effects. Rather, high DOC values and titration reversibility hysterisis after long equilibration times suggest that variability in buffering is due to the presence of bacterial exudates, as demonstrated by titrating supernatants separated from suspensions of different equilibration times. It is recommended that an optimal equilibration time is always determined with variable stability control and preliminary reversibility titration experiments. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

49 CFR 325.57 - Location and operation of sound level measurement systems; stationary test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Location and operation of sound level measurement systems; stationary test. 325.57 Section 325.57 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION GENERAL REGULATIONS COMPLIANCE WITH INTERSTATE MOTOR...

49 CFR 325.37 - Location and operation of sound level measurement system; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... recommendation of the manufacturer of the sound level measurement system. (2) In no case shall the holder or... angle that is consistent with the recommendation of the system's manufacturer. If the manufacturer of... system; highway operations. 325.37 Section 325.37 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to...

[Construction and pathogenic identification of aes-31 gene mutant of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strain E058].

PubMed

Huan, Haixia; Zhang, Ke; Chen, Xiang; Gao, Song; Liu, Xiufan

2010-12-01

To find the primary function of aes-31 fragment through construction of defined mutation of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli strain E058 and animal experiments. The fragment of aes-31 was generated by PCR and cloned into pGEM-T-easy vector. A resultant suicide vector containing the aes-31 fragment named pMEG375-aes-31 was constructed and transformed to a receptor strain SM10. Then recombinant strain SM10 was hybridized with E058 strain in solid state. Mutant derivatives of strain E058 were generated by homologous recombination and were named E058 (delta aes-31). The 50% lethal dose (LD50) of E058 and E058 (delta aes-31) in commercial day-old chickens experimentally inoculated via intratrachea were 10(4.3) CFU and 10(3.5) CFU, respectively. The same way was used to inoculate with 10(8) CFU to obtain the pathogenic ability of E058 and E058 (delta aes-31) in 35-days-old SPF chickens. In the chicken challenge model,the mutant was tested to determine the individual function for virulence and persistence in 2-week-old SPF chicks. The pathogenicity test for E058 strain and E058 (delta aes-31) strain showed that the mutant had a higher mortality (75%) to 35-day-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicks than that of E058 (62.5%). In the chicken challenge model,there was no obviously CFUs difference in blood and lung in chicks of E058 group and E058 (delta aes-31) group 6 hours after inoculation. After 24 hours there was obvious CFUs difference in heart, liver, spleen, lung and blood in chicks of E058 group and E058 (delta aes-31) group. After 48 hours, there was also obvious CFUs difference in heart, liver and spleen in chicks of E058 group and E058 (delta aes-31) group E058 (delta aes-31) had a trend of increasing virulence in chicks. Aes-31 might be associated with negative regulatory gene for E058 virulence and its actual function needed further study.

7 CFR 3017.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... knowingly do business with an excluded person, we may disallow costs, annul or terminate the transaction... in a covered transaction? 3017.325 Section 3017.325 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of... DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Responsibilities of Participants Regarding Transactions § 3017.325...

Application of a Fiber Optic Distributed Strain Sensor System to Woven E-Glass Composite

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anastasi, Robert F.; Lopatin, Craig

2001-01-01

A distributed strain sensing system utilizing a series of identically written Bragg gratings along an optical fiber is examined for potential application to Composite Armored Vehicle health monitoring. A vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process was used to fabricate a woven fabric E-glass/composite panel with an embedded fiber optic strain sensor. Test samples machined from the panel were mechanically tested in 4-point bending. Experimental results are presented that show the mechanical strain from foil strain gages comparing well to optical strain from the embedded sensors. Also, it was found that the distributed strain along the sample length was consistent with the loading configuration.

29 CFR 1471.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... business with an excluded person, we may disallow costs, annul or terminate the transaction, issue a stop... covered transaction? 1471.325 Section 1471.325 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) FEDERAL... of Participants Regarding Transactions Doing Business with Other Persons § 1471.325 What happens if I...

24 CFR 964.325 - Notice of funding availability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Notice of funding availability. 964... Centers (FIC) Program § 964.325 Notice of funding availability. A Notice of Funding Availability will be published periodically in the Federal Register containing the amounts of funds available, funding criteria...

Prevalence of genes encoding virulence factors among Escherichia coli with K1 antigen and non-K1 E. coli strains.

PubMed

Kaczmarek, Agnieszka; Budzynska, Anna; Gospodarek, Eugenia

2012-10-01

Multiplex PCR was used to detect genes encoding selected virulence determinants associated with strains of Escherichia coli with K1 antigen (K1(+)) and non-K1 E. coli (K1(-)). The prevalence of the fimA, fimH, sfa/foc, ibeA, iutA and hlyF genes was studied for 134 (67 K1(+) and 67 K1(-)) E. coli strains isolated from pregnant women and neonates. The fimA gene was present in 83.6 % of E. coli K1(+) and in 86.6 % of E. coli K1(-) strains. The fimH gene was present in all tested E. coli K1(+) strains and in 97.0 % of non-K1 strains. E. coli K1(+) strains were significantly more likely to possess the following genes than E. coli K1(-) strains: sfa/foc (37.3 vs 16.4 %, P = 0.006), ibeA (35.8 vs 4.5 %, P<0.001), iutA (82.1 vs 35.8 %, P<0.001) and hlyF (28.4 vs 6.0 %, P<0.001). In conclusion, E. coli K1(+) seems to be more virulent than E. coli K1(-) strains in developing severe infections, thereby increasing possible sepsis or neonatal bacterial meningitis.

9 CFR 325.18 - Diverting of shipments, breaking of seals, and reloading by carrier in emergency; reporting to...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... seals, and reloading by carrier in emergency; reporting to Regional Director. 325.18 Section 325.18... CERTIFICATION TRANSPORTATION § 325.18 Diverting of shipments, breaking of seals, and reloading by carrier in...) In case of wreck or similar extraordinary emergency, the Department seals on a railroad car or other...

2 CFR 180.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... person, the Federal agency responsible for your transaction may disallow costs, annul or terminate the... excluded person in a covered transaction? 180.325 Section 180.325 Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF... Regarding Transactions Doing Business With Other Persons § 180.325 What happens if I do business with an...

22 CFR 1508.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... person, we may disallow costs, annul or terminate the transaction, issue a stop work order, debar or... person in a covered transaction? 1508.325 Section 1508.325 Foreign Relations AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT... Regarding Transactions Doing Business with Other Persons § 1508.325 What happens if I do business with an...

49 CFR 325.37 - Location and operation of sound level measurement system; highway operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Location and operation of sound level measurement...; Highway Operations § 325.37 Location and operation of sound level measurement system; highway operations. (a) The microphone of a sound level measurement system that conforms to the rules in § 325.23 of this...

34 CFR 85.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... person, we may disallow costs, annul or terminate the transaction, issue a stop work order, debar or... in a covered transaction? 85.325 Section 85.325 Education Office of the Secretary, Department of... Regarding Transactions Doing Business with Other Persons § 85.325 What happens if I do business with an...

49 CFR 325.57 - Location and operation of sound level measurement systems; stationary test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Location and operation of sound level measurement...; Stationary Test § 325.57 Location and operation of sound level measurement systems; stationary test. (a) The microphone of a sound level measurement system that conforms to the rules in § 325.23 shall be located at a...

49 CFR 325.57 - Location and operation of sound level measurement systems; stationary test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Location and operation of sound level measurement...; Stationary Test § 325.57 Location and operation of sound level measurement systems; stationary test. (a) The microphone of a sound level measurement system that conforms to the rules in § 325.23 shall be located at a...

49 CFR 325.57 - Location and operation of sound level measurement systems; stationary test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Location and operation of sound level measurement...; Stationary Test § 325.57 Location and operation of sound level measurement systems; stationary test. (a) The microphone of a sound level measurement system that conforms to the rules in § 325.23 shall be located at a...

21 CFR 1404.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... person, we may disallow costs, annul or terminate the transaction, issue a stop work order, debar or... person in a covered transaction? 1404.325 Section 1404.325 Food and Drugs OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL... Regarding Transactions Doing Business with Other Persons § 1404.325 What happens if I do business with an...

22 CFR 208.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction? 208.325 Section 208.325 Foreign Relations AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL... Regarding Transactions Doing Business with Other Persons § 208.325 What happens if I do business with an...

22 CFR 208.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction? 208.325 Section 208.325 Foreign Relations AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL... Regarding Transactions Doing Business with Other Persons § 208.325 What happens if I do business with an...

12 CFR 325.101 - Authority, purpose, scope, other supervisory authority, and disclosure of capital categories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Authority, purpose, scope, other supervisory authority, and disclosure of capital categories. 325.101 Section 325.101 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY CAPITAL MAINTENANCE Prompt Corrective...

9 CFR 325.5 - Unmarked inspected product transported under official seal between official establishments for...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... under official seal between official establishments for further processing; certificate. 325.5 Section... CERTIFICATION TRANSPORTATION § 325.5 Unmarked inspected product transported under official seal between official... other means of conveyance which is sealed by a Program employee with an official seal of the Department...

9 CFR 325.5 - Unmarked inspected product transported under official seal between official establishments for...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Unmarked inspected product transported under official seal between official establishments for further processing; certificate. 325.5 Section 325.5 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGENCY...

10 CFR 431.325 - Units to be tested.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... EQUIPMENT Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts and Fixtures Test Procedures § 431.325 Units to be tested. For each basic model of metal halide lamp ballast selected for testing, a sample of sufficient size, no less than... energy efficiency calculated as the measured output power to the lamp divided by the measured input power...

24 CFR 891.325 - Lead-based paint requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Lead-based paint requirements. 891... Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons With Disabilities § 891.325 Lead-based paint requirements. The requirements of the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act (42 U.S.C. 4821-4846), the Residential Lead-Based...

24 CFR 891.325 - Lead-based paint requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Lead-based paint requirements. 891... Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons With Disabilities § 891.325 Lead-based paint requirements. The requirements of the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act (42 U.S.C. 4821-4846), the Residential Lead-Based...

24 CFR 891.325 - Lead-based paint requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Lead-based paint requirements. 891... Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons With Disabilities § 891.325 Lead-based paint requirements. The requirements of the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act (42 U.S.C. 4821-4846), the Residential Lead-Based...

24 CFR 891.325 - Lead-based paint requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Lead-based paint requirements. 891... Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons With Disabilities § 891.325 Lead-based paint requirements. The requirements of the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act (42 U.S.C. 4821-4846), the Residential Lead-Based...

24 CFR 891.325 - Lead-based paint requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Lead-based paint requirements. 891... Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons With Disabilities § 891.325 Lead-based paint requirements. The requirements of the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act (42 U.S.C. 4821-4846), the Residential Lead-Based...

Characterization of the Biosynthetic Operon for the Antibacterial Peptide Herbicolin in Pantoea vagans Biocontrol Strain C9-1 and Incidence in Pantoea Species

PubMed Central

Kamber, Tim; Lansdell, Theresa A.; Stockwell, Virginia O.; Ishimaru, Carol A.; Smits, Theo H. M.

2012-01-01

Pantoea vagans C9-1 is a biocontrol strain that produces at least two antibiotics inhibiting the growth of Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight disease of pear and apple. One antibiotic, herbicolin I, was purified from culture filtrates of P. vagans C9-1 and determined to be 2-amino-3-(oxirane-2,3-dicarboxamido)-propanoyl-valine, also known as Nß-epoxysuccinamoyl-DAP-valine. A plasposon library was screened for mutants that had lost the ability to produce herbicolin I. It was shown that mutants had reduced biocontrol efficacy in immature pear assays. The biosynthetic gene cluster in P. vagans C9-1 was identified by sequencing the flanking regions of the plasposon insertion sites. The herbicolin I biosynthetic gene cluster consists of 10 coding sequences (CDS) and is located on the 166-kb plasmid pPag2. Sequence comparisons identified orthologous gene clusters in Pantoea agglomerans CU0119 and Serratia proteamaculans 568. A low incidence of detection of the biosynthetic cluster in a collection of 45 Pantoea spp. from biocontrol, environmental, and clinical origins showed that this is a rare trait among the tested strains. PMID:22504810

Chemical composition of essential oil from ripe fruit of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi and evaluation of its activity against wild strains of hospital origin.

PubMed

Cole, E R; dos Santos, R B; Lacerda Júnior, V; Martins, J D L; Greco, S J; Cunha Neto, A

2014-01-01

The essential oil (EO) composition of ripe fruit of S. terebinthifolius Raddi was analyzed by GC-MS. The oil extraction yielded 6.54 ± 1.06% (w/w). Seventeen compounds were identified, accounting for 91.15% of the total oil, where monoterpenes constituted the main chemical class (85.81%), followed by sesquiterpenes (5.34%). The major monoterpene identified was δ-3-carene (30.37%), followed by limonene (17.44%), α-phellandrene (12.60%) and α-pinene (12.59%). Trans-caryophyllene (1.77%) was the major sesquiterpene identified. The antibacterial activity of the essential oil was evaluated against wild strains of hospital origin (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella oxytoca, Corynebacterium sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter sp., Enterobacter agglomerans, Bacillus sp., Nocardia sp. and Streptococcus group D). The essential oil of the ripe fruit of S. terebinthifolius Raddi has shown to be active against all tested wild strains, with minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 3.55 μg/mL to 56.86 μg/mL. However, it has revealed some differences in susceptibility: the general, Gram-positive species showed greater sensitivity to the action of EO, which is probably due to the lower structural complexity of their cell walls.

31 CFR 19.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction? 19.325 Section 19.325 Money and Finance: Treasury Office of the... Participants Regarding Transactions Doing Business with Other Persons § 19.325 What happens if I do business...

31 CFR 19.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction? 19.325 Section 19.325 Money and Finance: Treasury Office of the... Participants Regarding Transactions Doing Business with Other Persons § 19.325 What happens if I do business...

31 CFR 19.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction? 19.325 Section 19.325 Money and Finance: Treasury Office of the... Participants Regarding Transactions Doing Business with Other Persons § 19.325 What happens if I do business...

31 CFR 19.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction? 19.325 Section 19.325 Money and Finance: Treasury Office of the... Participants Regarding Transactions Doing Business with Other Persons § 19.325 What happens if I do business...

31 CFR 19.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction? 19.325 Section 19.325 Money and Finance: Treasury Office of the... Participants Regarding Transactions Doing Business with Other Persons § 19.325 What happens if I do business...

Frequency of Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in strains of Klebsiella and E. coli isolated from patients hospitalized in Yazd.

PubMed

Zandi, Hengameh; Tabatabaei, Seyed Mostafa; Ehsani, Fatemeh; Zarch, Mojtaba Babaei; Doosthosseini, Samira

2017-02-01

Frequency of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and its variants may vary in different geographical areas, as reports indicate their spread in some certain communities. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of ESBLs in strains of Klebsiella and E. coli , isolated from patients hospitalized in teaching hospitals of Yazd. This cross-sectional study was carried out on samples including E. coli and Klebsiella strains collected from laboratories of Shahid Sadoughi and Shahid Rahnemoun hospitals in Yazd, Iran in the period of 2011-2012. The colonies which were positive in lactose Eosin methylene-blue (EMB) medium were identified by biochemical methods, and 270 strains of Klebsiella and E. coli were isolated. Collected data and information were analyzed using Fisher's exact test and descriptive statistics such as mean in SPSS software, version 15, at a significant level of 0.05. In this study, 270 samples were examined, including 152 samples of E. coli (56.3%) and 118 samples of Klebsiella pneumonia (43.7%). Among the 152 samples of E. coli , 45 strains (30%) were producers of ESBLs. In addition, among the 118 samples of Klebsiella pneumonia , 44 strains (37.3%) were producers of ESBLs. E. coli strains showed the most resistance to Cefotaxime (100%), Ceftazidime (97.7%), and Cefepime (75.5%) respectively and Klebsiella strains showed the most resistance to Cefotaxime (100%), Ceftazidime (100%) and Cefepime (79.5%), respectively. Frequency of ESBLs in Klebsiella strains was higher than E. coli strains. No significant relationship was found between frequency of ESBLs and age or gender. In addition, E. coli strains showed the highest sensitivity to Imipenem, Amoxicillin/clavulanate, and Ciprofloxacin, while the highest antibiotic sensitivity of Klebsiella strains was shown to be to Piperacillin, Imipenem, and Amoxicillin/clavulanate.

75 FR 6849 - Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Model A310-221, -222, -322, -324, and -325 Airplanes, and Model...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-12

... Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Model A310-221, -222, -322, - 324, and -325 Airplanes, and Model A300 B4-620... applies to Airbus Model A310-221, -222, -322, -324, and -325 airplanes, and Model A300 B4-620, B4-622, B4... Model A310-221, - 222, -322, -324, and -325 airplanes), both including Appendix 1, both dated October 3...

41 CFR 102-117.325 - May my agency appear on its own behalf before a transportation regulatory body proceeding?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... its own behalf before a transportation regulatory body proceeding? 102-117.325 Section 102-117.325... Regulatory Body Proceedings § 102-117.325 May my agency appear on its own behalf before a transportation regulatory body proceeding? Generally, no executive agency may appear on its own behalf in any proceeding...

41 CFR 102-117.325 - May my agency appear on its own behalf before a transportation regulatory body proceeding?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... its own behalf before a transportation regulatory body proceeding? 102-117.325 Section 102-117.325... Regulatory Body Proceedings § 102-117.325 May my agency appear on its own behalf before a transportation regulatory body proceeding? Generally, no executive agency may appear on its own behalf in any proceeding...

9 CFR 325.1 - Transactions in commerce prohibited without official inspection legend or certificate when...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... requirements. 325.1 Section 325.1 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... commerce, any product which is capable of use as human food unless the product and its container, if any... food product until a certificate, if required for such transportation by this part, is made and...

35. Perimeter acquisition radar building room #325, showing hard disc ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

35. Perimeter acquisition radar building room #325, showing hard disc drive - Stanley R. Mickelsen Safeguard Complex, Perimeter Acquisition Radar Building, Limited Access Area, between Limited Access Patrol Road & Service Road A, Nekoma, Cavalier County, ND

14 CFR 152.325 - Financial status report: Airport planning.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Financial status report: Airport planning... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIRPORTS AIRPORT AID PROGRAM Accounting and Reporting Requirements § 152.325 Financial status report: Airport planning. Each sponsor of a project for airport master planning and each planning...

14 CFR 152.325 - Financial status report: Airport planning.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Financial status report: Airport planning... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIRPORTS AIRPORT AID PROGRAM Accounting and Reporting Requirements § 152.325 Financial status report: Airport planning. Each sponsor of a project for airport master planning and each planning...

14 CFR 152.325 - Financial status report: Airport planning.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Financial status report: Airport planning... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIRPORTS AIRPORT AID PROGRAM Accounting and Reporting Requirements § 152.325 Financial status report: Airport planning. Each sponsor of a project for airport master planning and each planning...

14 CFR 152.325 - Financial status report: Airport planning.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Financial status report: Airport planning... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIRPORTS AIRPORT AID PROGRAM Accounting and Reporting Requirements § 152.325 Financial status report: Airport planning. Each sponsor of a project for airport master planning and each planning...

Detection and Phylogenetic Characterization of Human Hepatitis E Virus Strains, Czech Republic

PubMed Central

Slany, Michal; Chalupa, Pavel; Holub, Michal; Svoboda, Radek; Pavlik, Ivo

2011-01-01

To determine the origin of hepatitis E virus in the Czech Republic, we analyzed patient clinical samples. Five isolates of genotypes 3e, 3f, and 3g were obtained. Their genetic relatedness with Czech strains from domestic pigs and wild boars and patient recollections suggest an autochthonous source likely linked to consumption of contaminated pork. PMID:21529412

14 CFR 152.325 - Financial status report: Airport planning.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Financial status report: Airport planning... agency conducting a project for airport system planning shall submit a financial status report on a form... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIRPORTS AIRPORT AID PROGRAM Accounting and Reporting Requirements § 152.325 Financial...

40 CFR 89.325 - Engine intake air temperature measurement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 21 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Engine intake air temperature... Test Equipment Provisions § 89.325 Engine intake air temperature measurement. (a) Engine intake air temperature measurement must be made within 122 cm of the engine. The measurement location must be made either...

40 CFR 89.325 - Engine intake air temperature measurement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 20 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Engine intake air temperature... Test Equipment Provisions § 89.325 Engine intake air temperature measurement. (a) Engine intake air temperature measurement must be made within 122 cm of the engine. The measurement location must be made either...

40 CFR 89.325 - Engine intake air temperature measurement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 20 2014-07-01 2013-07-01 true Engine intake air temperature... Test Equipment Provisions § 89.325 Engine intake air temperature measurement. (a) Engine intake air temperature measurement must be made within 122 cm of the engine. The measurement location must be made either...

40 CFR 89.325 - Engine intake air temperature measurement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 21 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Engine intake air temperature... Test Equipment Provisions § 89.325 Engine intake air temperature measurement. (a) Engine intake air temperature measurement must be made within 122 cm of the engine. The measurement location must be made either...

Photoreactivation and dark repair of environmental E. coli strains following 24 kHz continuous ultrasound and UV-C irradiation.

PubMed

Kaur, Jasjeet; Karthikeyan, Raghupathy; Pillai, Suresh D

2016-07-02

In this study, effects of 24 kHz continuous ultrasound and UV-C on inactivation and potential repair of environmental E. coli strains were studied through a culture based method and a metabolic activity assay. Three environmental E. coli strains isolated from fecal samples of feral hog and deer and treated wastewater effluent were studied and compared with a laboratory E. coli strain (ATCC® 10798). Metabolic activity of E. coli cells during the inactivation and repair period was assessed using the AlamarBlue® assay. Transmission electron microscopy assays were also performed to evaluate morphological damage of bacterial cell wall. After 24 h of photoreactivation period, laboratory E. coli strain (ATCC® 10798) reactivated by 30% and 42% in contrast to E. coli isolate from treated wastewater effluent, which reactivated by 53% and 82% after ultrasound and UV-C treatment, respectively. Possible shearing and reduction in cell size of E. coli strains exposed to ultrasound was revealed by transmission electron micrographs. Metabolic activity of E. coli strains was greatly reduced due to morphological damage to cell membrane caused by 24 kHz continuous ultrasound. Based upon experimental data and TEM micrographs, it could be concluded that ultrasound irradiation has potential in advanced water treatment and water reuse applications.

The role of polymerase III in conjugation between E. coli K12 donor and recipient strains carrying dnaE ts mutation.

PubMed

Blinkowa, A

1976-01-01

The possible role of DNA polimerase III in conjugation was studied in a series of mutants temperature-sensitive for DNA polymerase III synthesis. The temperature-sensitive DNA mutation called dnaE 486 (ts) prohibits vegetative DNA replication at 41-45 degrees. Transfer of episome and chromosome from temperature-sensitive donor, carrying dnaE mutation to wild-type recipient strains, revertants and dnaE recipients was investigated. In the first two cases the number of Lac+ sexductants being even slightly higher at 43 degrees. Conjugational synthesis accompanying transfer involving the combination of dnaE (ts) thymine dependent and thymine independent donor and recipient strains measured by incorporation of 14C thymine was observed at the restrictive temperature. In the case of conjugation with temperaturesensitive recipient strains a drop of Lac+ sexductants and Pro+ recombinants may be as a result of disturbances in the synthesis of complementary strand in recipient, known to be dependent on pol III. However, the episome investigated by centrifugation in neutral CsC1 gradient after its transfer to the recipient with faulty polymerase III was double stranded (replicated) at the restrictive temperature.

Bioleaching of Gold and Silver from Waste Printed Circuit Boards by Pseudomonas balearica SAE1 Isolated from an e-Waste Recycling Facility.

PubMed

Kumar, Anil; Saini, Harvinder Singh; Kumar, Sudhir

2018-02-01

Indigenous bacterial strain Pseudomonas balearica SAE1, tolerant to e-waste toxicity was isolated from an e-waste recycling facility Exigo Recycling Pvt. Ltd., India. Toxicity tolerance of bacterial strain was analyzed using crushed (particle size ≤150 µm) waste computer printed circuit boards (PCBs)/liter (L) of culture medium. The EC 50 value for SAE1 was 325.7 g/L of the e-waste pulp density. Two-step bioleaching was then applied to achieve the dissolution of gold (Au) and silver (Ag) from the e-waste. To maximize precious metal dissolution, factors including pulp density, glycine concentration, pH level, and temperature were optimized. The optimization resulted in 68.5 and 33.8% of Au and Ag dissolution, respectively, at a pH of 9.0, a pulp density of 10 g/L, a temperature of 30 °C, and a glycine concentration of 5 g/L. This is the first study of Au and Ag bioleaching using indigenous e-waste bacteria and its analysis to determine e-waste toxicity tolerance.

5 CFR 9701.325 - Treatment of employees whose rate of basic pay falls below the minimum rate of their band.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... basic pay falls below the minimum rate of their band. 9701.325 Section 9701.325 Administrative Personnel... Administration Setting and Adjusting Rate Ranges § 9701.325 Treatment of employees whose rate of basic pay falls... under § 9701.323 because of an unacceptable rating of record and whose rate of basic pay falls below the...

5 CFR 9701.325 - Treatment of employees whose rate of basic pay falls below the minimum rate of their band.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... basic pay falls below the minimum rate of their band. 9701.325 Section 9701.325 Administrative Personnel... Administration Setting and Adjusting Rate Ranges § 9701.325 Treatment of employees whose rate of basic pay falls... under § 9701.323 because of an unacceptable rating of record and whose rate of basic pay falls below the...

5 CFR 9701.325 - Treatment of employees whose rate of basic pay falls below the minimum rate of their band.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... basic pay falls below the minimum rate of their band. 9701.325 Section 9701.325 Administrative Personnel... Administration Setting and Adjusting Rate Ranges § 9701.325 Treatment of employees whose rate of basic pay falls... under § 9701.323 because of an unacceptable rating of record and whose rate of basic pay falls below the...

5 CFR 9701.325 - Treatment of employees whose rate of basic pay falls below the minimum rate of their band.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... basic pay falls below the minimum rate of their band. 9701.325 Section 9701.325 Administrative Personnel... Administration Setting and Adjusting Rate Ranges § 9701.325 Treatment of employees whose rate of basic pay falls... under § 9701.323 because of an unacceptable rating of record and whose rate of basic pay falls below the...

Comparison of Widely Used Listeria monocytogenes Strains EGD, 10403S, and EGD-e Highlights Genomic Differences Underlying Variations in Pathogenicity

PubMed Central

Bécavin, Christophe; Bouchier, Christiane; Lechat, Pierre; Archambaud, Cristel; Creno, Sophie; Gouin, Edith; Wu, Zongfu; Kühbacher, Andreas; Brisse, Sylvain; Pucciarelli, M. Graciela; García-del Portillo, Francisco; Hain, Torsten; Portnoy, Daniel A.; Chakraborty, Trinad; Lecuit, Marc; Pizarro-Cerdá, Javier; Moszer, Ivan; Bierne, Hélène; Cossart, Pascale

2014-01-01

ABSTRACT For nearly 3 decades, listeriologists and immunologists have used mainly three strains of the same serovar (1/2a) to analyze the virulence of the bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. The genomes of two of these strains, EGD-e and 10403S, were released in 2001 and 2008, respectively. Here we report the genome sequence of the third reference strain, EGD, and extensive genomic and phenotypic comparisons of the three strains. Strikingly, EGD-e is genetically highly distinct from EGD (29,016 single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs]) and 10403S (30,296 SNPs), and is more related to serovar 1/2c than 1/2a strains. We also found that while EGD and 10403S strains are genetically very close (317 SNPs), EGD has a point mutation in the transcriptional regulator PrfA (PrfA*), leading to constitutive expression of several major virulence genes. We generated an EGD-e PrfA* mutant and showed that EGD behaves like this strain in vitro, with slower growth in broth and higher invasiveness in human cells than those of EGD-e and 10403S. In contrast, bacterial counts in blood, liver, and spleen during infection in mice revealed that EGD and 10403S are less virulent than EGD-e, which is itself less virulent than EGD-e PrfA*. Thus, constitutive expression of PrfA-regulated virulence genes does not appear to provide a significant advantage to the EGD strain during infection in vivo, highlighting the fact that in vitro invasion assays are not sufficient for evaluating the pathogenic potential of L. monocytogenes strains. Together, our results pave the way for deciphering unexplained differences or discrepancies in experiments using different L. monocytogenes strains. PMID:24667708

Effects of Saponins against Clinical E. coli Strains and Eukaryotic Cell Line

PubMed Central

Arabski, Michał; Węgierek-Ciuk, Aneta; Czerwonka, Grzegorz; Lankoff, Anna; Kaca, Wiesław

2012-01-01

Saponins are detergent-like substances showing antibacterial as well as anticancer potential. In this study, the effects of saponins from Quillaja saponaria were analyzed against prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Multidrug-resistant clinical E. coli strains were isolated from human urine. As eukaryotic cells, the CHO-K1 cell lines were applied. Antibacterial effect of ampicillin, streptomycin, and ciprofloxacin in the presence of saponins was measured by cultivation methods. Properties of saponins against CHO-K1 cells were measured by the MTT test, hemolysis assay and flow cytometry. Saponin from Quillaja saponaria has a cytotoxic effect at concentrations higher than 25 μg/mL and in the range of 12–50 μg/mL significantly increases the level of early apoptotic cells. Saponin at dose of 12 μg/mL enhances the six E. coli strains growth. We postulate that saponins increase the influx of nutrients from the medium into E. coli cells. Saponins do not have synergetic effects on antibacterial action of tested antibiotics. In contrary, in the presence of saponins and antibiotics, more CFU/mL E. coli cells were observed. This effect was similar to saponins action alone towards E. coli cells. In conclusion, saponins was cytotoxic against CHO-K1 cells, whereas against E. coli cells this effect was not observed. PMID:22500084

[Multidrug resistance E-ESKAPE strains isolated from blood cultures in patients with cancer].

PubMed

Velázquez-Acosta, Consuelo; Cornejo-Juárez, Patricia; Volkow-Fernández, Patricia

2018-01-01

To describe the trend of multidrug resistant (MDR) strains isolated from blood in patients with cancer from 2005 to 2015. 33 127 blood cultures were processed by retrospective analysis. Identification and antimicrobial sensitivity were performed through automated methods: WaLK away (Siemens Labora- tory Diagnostics) and BD Phoenix (Becton, Dickinson and Company). Resistant strains were determined according to the minimum inhibitory concentration, following the parameters of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Of 6 397 isolates, 5 604 (16.9%) were positive; 3 732 (58.4%) Gram- bacilli; 2 355 (36.9%) Gram+ cocci; 179 (2.7%) yeasts, and 126 (1.9%) Gram+ bacilli. Escherichia coli (n=1 591, 24.5%) was the most frequent bacteria, with 652 (41%) strains being extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producers (ESBL); of Enterococcus faecium (n=143, 2.1%), 45 (31.5%) were vancomycin resistant; of Staphylococcus aureus (n=571, 8.7%), 121 (21.2%) methicillin resistant (MRSA); of Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=367, 5.6%), 41 (11.2%) ESBL; of Acinetobacter baumanii (n=96, 1.4%), 23 (24%) MDR, and of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=384, 5.6%), 43 (11.2%) MDR. MDR strains were significantly more frequent in patients with hematological malignancies, compared to those with solid tumors: MRSA (OR=4.48, 95%CI 2.9-6.8), ESBL E. coli(OR=1.3, 95%CI 1.10-1.65) and MDR Acinetobacter baumanii (OR=3.2, 95%CI 1.2-8.3). We observed significantly higher isolations of E-ESPAKE MDR strains in patients with hematological malignancies.

12 CFR 325.201 - Authority, purpose, and reservation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY CAPITAL MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.201 Authority, purpose, and... require each covered bank to conduct annual stress tests and establishes a definition of stress test, methodologies for conducting stress tests, and reporting and disclosure requirements. (c) Reservation of...

12 CFR 325.201 - Authority, purpose, and reservation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY CAPITAL MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.201 Authority, purpose, and... require each covered bank to conduct annual stress tests and establishes a definition of stress test, methodologies for conducting stress tests, and reporting and disclosure requirements. (c) Reservation of...

20 CFR 325.2 - Procedure for registering for unemployment benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Procedure for registering for unemployment... UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.2 Procedure for registering for unemployment benefits. (a) Registering as unemployed. To claim unemployment benefits for any day...

20 CFR 325.2 - Procedure for registering for unemployment benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2014-04-01 2012-04-01 true Procedure for registering for unemployment... UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.2 Procedure for registering for unemployment benefits. (a) Registering as unemployed. To claim unemployment benefits for any day...

20 CFR 325.2 - Procedure for registering for unemployment benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2013-04-01 2012-04-01 true Procedure for registering for unemployment... UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.2 Procedure for registering for unemployment benefits. (a) Registering as unemployed. To claim unemployment benefits for any day...

20 CFR 325.2 - Procedure for registering for unemployment benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Procedure for registering for unemployment... UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.2 Procedure for registering for unemployment benefits. (a) Registering as unemployed. To claim unemployment benefits for any day...

20 CFR 325.2 - Procedure for registering for unemployment benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Procedure for registering for unemployment... UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.2 Procedure for registering for unemployment benefits. (a) Registering as unemployed. To claim unemployment benefits for any day...

Prevalence of Avian-Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain O1 Genomic Islands among Extraintestinal and Commensal E. coli Isolates

PubMed Central

Johnson, Timothy J.; Wannemuehler, Yvonne; Kariyawasam, Subhashinie; Johnson, James R.; Logue, Catherine M.

2012-01-01

Escherichia coli strains that cause disease outside the intestine are known as extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) and include pathogens of humans and animals. Previously, the genome of avian-pathogenic E. coli (APEC) O1:K1:H7 strain O1, from ST95, was sequenced and compared to those of several other E. coli strains, identifying 43 genomic islands. Here, the genomic islands of APEC O1 were compared to those of other sequenced E. coli strains, and the distribution of 81 genes belonging to 12 APEC O1 genomic islands among 828 human and avian ExPEC and commensal E. coli isolates was determined. Multiple islands were highly prevalent among isolates belonging to the O1 and O18 serogroups within phylogenetic group B2, which are implicated in human neonatal meningitis. Because of the extensive genomic similarities between APEC O1 and other human ExPEC strains belonging to the ST95 phylogenetic lineage, its ability to cause disease in a rat model of sepsis and meningitis was assessed. Unlike other ST95 lineage strains, APEC O1 was unable to cause bacteremia or meningitis in the neonatal rat model and was significantly less virulent than uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) CFT073 in a mouse sepsis model, despite carrying multiple neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC) virulence factors and belonging to the ST95 phylogenetic lineage. These results suggest that host adaptation or genome modifications have occurred either in APEC O1 or in highly virulent ExPEC isolates, resulting in differences in pathogenicity. Overall, the genomic islands examined provide targets for further discrimination of the different ExPEC subpathotypes, serogroups, phylogenetic types, and sequence types. PMID:22467781

Prevalence of avian-pathogenic Escherichia coli strain O1 genomic islands among extraintestinal and commensal E. coli isolates.

PubMed

Johnson, Timothy J; Wannemuehler, Yvonne; Kariyawasam, Subhashinie; Johnson, James R; Logue, Catherine M; Nolan, Lisa K

2012-06-01

Escherichia coli strains that cause disease outside the intestine are known as extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) and include pathogens of humans and animals. Previously, the genome of avian-pathogenic E. coli (APEC) O1:K1:H7 strain O1, from ST95, was sequenced and compared to those of several other E. coli strains, identifying 43 genomic islands. Here, the genomic islands of APEC O1 were compared to those of other sequenced E. coli strains, and the distribution of 81 genes belonging to 12 APEC O1 genomic islands among 828 human and avian ExPEC and commensal E. coli isolates was determined. Multiple islands were highly prevalent among isolates belonging to the O1 and O18 serogroups within phylogenetic group B2, which are implicated in human neonatal meningitis. Because of the extensive genomic similarities between APEC O1 and other human ExPEC strains belonging to the ST95 phylogenetic lineage, its ability to cause disease in a rat model of sepsis and meningitis was assessed. Unlike other ST95 lineage strains, APEC O1 was unable to cause bacteremia or meningitis in the neonatal rat model and was significantly less virulent than uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) CFT073 in a mouse sepsis model, despite carrying multiple neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC) virulence factors and belonging to the ST95 phylogenetic lineage. These results suggest that host adaptation or genome modifications have occurred either in APEC O1 or in highly virulent ExPEC isolates, resulting in differences in pathogenicity. Overall, the genomic islands examined provide targets for further discrimination of the different ExPEC subpathotypes, serogroups, phylogenetic types, and sequence types.

Chemical composition of essential oil from ripe fruit of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi and evaluation of its activity against wild strains of hospital origin

PubMed Central

Cole, E.R.; dos Santos, R.B.; Júnior, V. Lacerda; Martins, J.D.L.; Greco, S.J.; Neto, A. Cunha

2014-01-01

The essential oil (EO) composition of ripe fruit of S. terebinthifolius Raddi was analyzed by GC-MS. The oil extraction yielded 6.54 ± 1.06% (w/w). Seventeen compounds were identified, accounting for 91.15% of the total oil, where monoterpenes constituted the main chemical class (85.81%), followed by sesquiterpenes (5.34%). The major monoterpene identified was δ-3-carene (30.37%), followed by limonene (17.44%), α-phellandrene (12.60%) and α-pinene (12.59%). Trans-caryophyllene (1.77%) was the major sesquiterpene identified. The antibacterial activity of the essential oil was evaluated against wild strains of hospital origin (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella oxytoca, Corynebacterium sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter sp., Enterobacter agglomerans, Bacillus sp., Nocardia sp. and Streptococcus group D). The essential oil of the ripe fruit of S. terebinthifolius Raddi has shown to be active against all tested wild strains, with minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 3.55 μg/mL to 56.86 μg/mL. However, it has revealed some differences in susceptibility: the general, Gram-positive species showed greater sensitivity to the action of EO, which is probably due to the lower structural complexity of their cell walls. PMID:25477913

20 CFR 411.325 - What reporting requirements are placed on an EN as a participant in the Ticket to Work program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false What reporting requirements are placed on an EN as a participant in the Ticket to Work program? 411.325 Section 411.325 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION THE TICKET TO WORK AND SELF-SUFFICIENCY PROGRAM Employment Networks § 411.325 What...

20 CFR 411.325 - What reporting requirements are placed on an EN as a participant in the Ticket to Work program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false What reporting requirements are placed on an EN as a participant in the Ticket to Work program? 411.325 Section 411.325 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION THE TICKET TO WORK AND SELF-SUFFICIENCY PROGRAM Employment Networks § 411.325 What...

20 CFR 411.325 - What reporting requirements are placed on an EN as a participant in the Ticket to Work program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What reporting requirements are placed on an EN as a participant in the Ticket to Work program? 411.325 Section 411.325 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION THE TICKET TO WORK AND SELF-SUFFICIENCY PROGRAM Employment Networks § 411.325 What...

20 CFR 411.325 - What reporting requirements are placed on an EN as a participant in the Ticket to Work program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false What reporting requirements are placed on an EN as a participant in the Ticket to Work program? 411.325 Section 411.325 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION THE TICKET TO WORK AND SELF-SUFFICIENCY PROGRAM Employment Networks § 411.325 What...

20 CFR 411.325 - What reporting requirements are placed on an EN as a participant in the Ticket to Work program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What reporting requirements are placed on an EN as a participant in the Ticket to Work program? 411.325 Section 411.325 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION THE TICKET TO WORK AND SELF-SUFFICIENCY PROGRAM Employment Networks § 411.325 What...

Utilization of Sugarcane Bagasse by Halogeometricum borinquense Strain E3 for Biosynthesis of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)

PubMed Central

Salgaonkar, Bhakti B.; Bragança, Judith M.

2017-01-01

Sugarcane bagasse (SCB), one of the major lignocellulosic agro-industrial waste products, was used as a substrate for biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by halophilic archaea. Among the various wild-type halophilic archaeal strains screened, Halogeometricum borinquense strain E3 showed better growth and PHA accumulation as compared to Haloferaxvolcanii strain BBK2, Haloarcula japonica strain BS2, and Halococcus salifodinae strain BK6. Growth kinetics and bioprocess parameters revealed the maximum PHA accumulated by strain E3 to be 50.4 ± 0.1 and 45.7 ± 0.19 (%) with specific productivity (qp) of 3.0 and 2.7 (mg/g/h) using NaCl synthetic medium supplemented with 25% and 50% SCB hydrolysate, respectively. PHAs synthesized by strain E3 were recovered in chloroform using a Soxhlet apparatus. Characterization of the polymer using crotonic acid assay, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy analysis revealed the polymer obtained from SCB hydrolysate to be a co-polymer of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] comprising of 13.29 mol % 3HV units. PMID:28952529

Structure and Genetic Content of the Megaplasmids of Neurotoxigenic Clostridium butyricum Type E Strains from Italy

PubMed Central

Iacobino, Angelo; Scalfaro, Concetta; Franciosa, Giovanna

2013-01-01

We determined the genetic maps of the megaplasmids of six neutoroxigenic Clostridium butyricum type E strains from Italy using molecular and bioinformatics techniques. The megaplasmids are circular, not linear as we had previously proposed. The differently-sized megaplasmids share a genetic region that includes structural, metabolic and regulatory genes. In addition, we found that a 168 kb genetic region is present only in the larger megaplasmids of two tested strains, whereas it is absent from the smaller megaplasmids of the four remaining strains. The genetic region unique to the larger megaplasmids contains, among other features, a locus for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR associated (cas) genes, i.e. a bacterial adaptive immune system providing sequence-specific protection from invading genetic elements. Some CRISPR spacer sequences of the neurotoxigenic C. butyricum type E strains showed homology to prophage, phage and plasmid sequences from closely related clostridia species or from distant species, all sharing the intestinal habitat, suggesting that the CRISPR locus might be involved in the microorganism adaptation to the human or animal intestinal environment. Besides, we report here that each of four distinct CRISPR spacers partially matched DNA sequences of different prophages and phages, at identical nucleotide locations. This suggests that, at least in neurotoxigenic C. butyricum type E, the CRISPR locus is potentially able to recognize the same conserved DNA sequence of different invading genetic elements, besides targeting sequences unique to previously encountered invading DNA, as currently predicted for a CRISPR locus. Thus, the results of this study introduce the possibility that CRISPR loci can provide resistance to a wider range of invading DNA elements than previously appreciated. Whether it is more advantageous for the peculiar neurotoxigenic C. butyricum type E strains to maintain or to lose the

46 CFR 178.325 - Intact stability requirements-monohull sailing vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Intact stability requirements-monohull sailing vessels....325 Intact stability requirements—monohull sailing vessels. (a) As permitted by § 178.310(c) of this part, a monohull sailing vessel may demonstrate compliance with paragraphs (b) or (c) of this section...

22 CFR 1006.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... disallow costs, annul or terminate the transaction, issue a stop work order, debar or suspend you, or take... person in a covered transaction? 1006.325 Section 1006.325 Foreign Relations INTER-AMERICAN FOUNDATION GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Responsibilities of Participants Regarding Transactions...

29 CFR 98.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... transaction? If as a participant you knowingly do business with an excluded person, we may disallow costs... covered transaction? 98.325 Section 98.325 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Responsibilities of Participants Regarding Transactions Doing Business...

Molecular Profiling of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli and Enteropathogenic E. coli Strains Isolated from French Coastal Environments.

PubMed

Balière, C; Rincé, A; Delannoy, S; Fach, P; Gourmelon, M

2016-07-01

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains may be responsible for food-borne infections in humans. Twenty-eight STEC and 75 EPEC strains previously isolated from French shellfish-harvesting areas and their watersheds and belonging to 68 distinguishable serotypes were characterized in this study. High-throughput real-time PCR was used to search for the presence of 75 E. coli virulence-associated gene targets, and genes encoding Shiga toxin (stx) and intimin (eae) were subtyped using PCR tests and DNA sequencing, respectively. The results showed a high level of diversity between strains, with 17 unique virulence gene profiles for STEC and 56 for EPEC. Seven STEC and 15 EPEC strains were found to display a large number or a particular combination of genetic markers of virulence and the presence of stx and/or eae variants, suggesting their potential pathogenicity for humans. Among these, an O26:H11 stx1a eae-β1 strain was associated with a large number of virulence-associated genes (n = 47), including genes carried on the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) or other pathogenicity islands, such as OI-122, OI-71, OI-43/48, OI-50, OI-57, and the high-pathogenicity island (HPI). One O91:H21 STEC strain containing 4 stx variants (stx1a, stx2a, stx2c, and stx2d) was found to possess genes associated with pathogenicity islands OI-122, OI-43/48, and OI-15. Among EPEC strains harboring a large number of virulence genes (n, 34 to 50), eight belonged to serotype O26:H11, O103:H2, O103:H25, O145:H28, O157:H7, or O153:H2. The species E. coli includes a wide variety of strains, some of which may be responsible for severe infections. This study, a molecular risk assessment study of E. coli strains isolated from the coastal environment, was conducted to evaluate the potential risk for shellfish consumers. This report describes the characterization of virulence gene profiles and stx/eae polymorphisms of E. coli isolates and clearly

Comparative production of 6-aminopenicillanic acid by different E. coli strains and their acridine orange (AO) induced mutants.

PubMed

Arshad, Rubina; Farooq, Shafqat; Ali, Syed Shahid

2007-11-01

The present study was conducted to see the difference in production of 6-APA I) between wild strains of E. coli collected from local environment and their acridine orange (AO) induced mutants and ii) between mutants and E. coli strains (ATCC 11105 and ATCC 9637) of American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) used commercially for enzymatic production of 6-APA. The optimum conditions for bioconversion were standardized and 6-APA was obtained in crystalline form. Relative PGA activity of local and foreign E. coli strains varied significantly with the highest being 12.7 in mutant strain (BDCS-N-M36) and the lowest 4.3 mg 6-APA h(-1) mg(-1) wet cells in foreign strain (ATCC 11105). The enzyme activity exhibited by mutant strain (BDCS-N-M36) was also two folds higher compared to that in wild parent BDCS-N-W50 (6.3 mg 6-APA h(-1) mg(-1) wet cells). The overall production of 6-APA and conversion ratios ranged between 0.25-0.41 g of 6-APA per 0.5 g of penicillin G and 51-83%, respectively. Maximum conversion ratio (83%) was achieved by using crude cells of mutant strain (BDCS-N-M36) which is the highest value ever reported by crude cells on a shake-flask scale whereas reported 6-APA production by immobilized cells is 60-90% in batch and continuous systems. Results are being discussed with reference to importance of local bacterial strains and their significance for industrially important enzymes.

9 CFR 325.18 - Diverting of shipments, breaking of seals, and reloading by carrier in emergency; reporting to...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Diverting of shipments, breaking of seals, and reloading by carrier in emergency; reporting to Regional Director. 325.18 Section 325.18 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGENCY...

9 CFR 325.17 - Loading or unloading products in sealed railroad cars, trucks, etc., en route prohibited; exception.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Loading or unloading products in sealed railroad cars, trucks, etc., en route prohibited; exception. 325.17 Section 325.17 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND...

9 CFR 325.17 - Loading or unloading products in sealed railroad cars, trucks, etc., en route prohibited; exception.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loading or unloading products in sealed railroad cars, trucks, etc., en route prohibited; exception. 325.17 Section 325.17 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND...

49 CFR 325.73 - Microphone distance correction factors. 1

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... the observed sound level reading is— 31 feet (9.5 m) or more but less than 35 feet (10.7 m) −4 35 feet... more but less than 83 feet (25.3 m) +2 [40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 54 FR 50385, Dec. 6... 49 Transportation 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Microphone distance correction factors. 1 325.73...

49 CFR 325.73 - Microphone distance correction factors. 1

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... the observed sound level reading is— 31 feet (9.5 m) or more but less than 35 feet (10.7 m) −4 35 feet... more but less than 83 feet (25.3 m) +2 [40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 54 FR 50385, Dec. 6... 49 Transportation 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Microphone distance correction factors. 1 325.73...

49 CFR 325.73 - Microphone distance correction factors. 1

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... the observed sound level reading is— 31 feet (9.5 m) or more but less than 35 feet (10.7 m) −4 35 feet... more but less than 83 feet (25.3 m) +2 [40 FR 42437, Sept. 12, 1975, as amended at 54 FR 50385, Dec. 6... 49 Transportation 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Microphone distance correction factors. 1 325.73...

9 CFR 325.16 - Official seals; forms, use, and breaking.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Official seals; forms, use, and... AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION TRANSPORTATION § 325.16 Official seals; forms, use, and breaking. (a) The official seals required by this part shall be those prescribed in § 312.5(a) of this...

9 CFR 325.16 - Official seals; forms, use, and breaking.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Official seals; forms, use, and... AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION TRANSPORTATION § 325.16 Official seals; forms, use, and breaking. (a) The official seals required by this part shall be those prescribed in § 312.5(a) of this...

40 CFR 1033.325 - Maintenance of records; submittal of information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Production Line Testing and Audit Programs § 1033.325 Maintenance of records; submittal of information. (a... production line test or audit including: (i) The date, time, and location of each test or audit. (ii) The method by which the Green Engine Factor was calculated or the number of hours of service accumulated on...

15 CFR 325.6 - Publishing notices in the Federal Register.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Publishing notices in the Federal... CERTIFICATES OF REVIEW § 325.6 Publishing notices in the Federal Register. (a) Within ten days after an... conduct for which certification is sought. If the Secretary does not intend to publish the summary...

Lack of effect of the alpha2C-adrenoceptor Del322-325 polymorphism on inhibition of cyclic AMP production in HEK293 cells.

PubMed

Montgomery, M D; Bylund, D B

2010-02-01

The alpha(2C)-adrenoceptor has multiple functions, including inhibiting release of noradrenaline from presynaptic nerve terminals. A human alpha(2C) polymorphism, Del322-325, a potential risk factor for heart failure, has been reported to exhibit reduced signalling in CHO cells. To further understand the role of the Del322-325 polymorphism on receptor signalling, we attempted to replicate and further study the reduced signalling in HEK293 cells. Human alpha(2C) wild-type (WT) and Del322-325 adrenoceptors were stably transfected into HEK293 cells. Radioligand binding was performed to determine affinities for both receptors. In intact cells, inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP production by WT and Del322-325 clones with a range of receptor densities (200-2320 fmol.mg(-1) protein) was measured following agonist treatment. Noradrenaline, brimonidine and clonidine exhibited similar binding affinities for WT and Del322-325. Brimonidine and clonidine also had similar efficacies and potencies for both receptors for the inhibition of cyclic AMP production at all receptor densities tested. A linear regression analysis comparing efficacy and potency with receptor expression levels showed no differences in slopes between WT and Del322-325. The alpha(2C) WT and Del322-325 adrenoceptors exhibited similar binding properties. Additionally, inhibition of cyclic AMP production by Del322-325 was similar to that of WT over a range of receptor densities. Therefore, in intact HEK293 cells, the alpha(2C)-Del322-325 polymorphism does not exhibit reduced signalling to adenylyl cyclase and may not represent a clinically important phenotype.

The E2 glycoprotein is necessary but not sufficient for the adaptation of classical swine fever virus lapinized vaccine C-strain to the rabbit.

PubMed

Li, Yongfeng; Xie, Libao; Zhang, Lingkai; Wang, Xiao; Li, Chao; Han, Yuying; Hu, Shouping; Sun, Yuan; Li, Su; Luo, Yuzi; Liu, Lihong; Munir, Muhammad; Qiu, Hua-Ji

2018-06-01

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) C-strain was developed through hundreds of passages of a highly virulent CSFV in rabbits. To investigate the molecular basis for the adaptation of C-strain to the rabbit (ACR), a panel of chimeric viruses with the exchange of glycoproteins E rns , E1, and/or E2 between C-strain and the highly virulent Shimen strain and a number of mutant viruses with different amino acid substitutions in E2 protein were generated and evaluated in rabbits. Our results demonstrate that Shimen-based chimeras expressing E rns -E1-E2, E rns -E2 or E1-E2 but not E rns -E1, E rns , E1, or E2 of C-strain can replicate in rabbits, indicating that E2 in combination with either E rns or E1 confers the ACR. Notably, E2 and the amino acids P108 and T109 in Domain I of E2 are critical in ACR. Collectively, our data indicate that E2 is crucial in mediating the ACR, which requires synergistic contribution of E rns or E1. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Engineering E. coli strain for conversion of short chain fatty acids to bioalcohols

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background Recent progress in production of various biofuel precursors and molecules, such as fatty acids, alcohols and alka(e)nes, is a significant step forward for replacing the fossil fuels with renewable fuels. A two-step process, where fatty acids from sugars are produced in the first step and then converted to corresponding biofuel molecules in the second step, seems more viable and attractive at this stage. We have engineered an Escherichia coli strain to take care of the second step for converting short chain fatty acids into corresponding alcohols by using butyrate kinase (Buk), phosphotransbutyrylase (Ptb) and aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhE2) from Clostridium acetobutylicum. Results The engineered E. coli was able to convert butyric acid and other short chain fatty acids of chain length C3 to C7 into corresponding alcohols and the efficiency of conversion varied with different E. coli strain type. Glycerol proved to be a better donor of ATP and electron as compared to glucose for converting butyric acid to butanol. The engineered E. coli was able to tolerate up to 100 mM butyric acid and produced butanol with the conversion rate close to 100% under anaerobic condition. Deletion of native genes, such as fumarate reductase (frdA) and alcohol dehydrogenase (adhE), responsible for side products succinate and ethanol, which act as electron sink and could compete with butyric acid uptake, did not improve the butanol production efficiency. Indigenous acyl-CoA synthetase (fadD) was found to play no role in the conversion of butyric acid to butanol. Engineered E. coli was cultivated in a bioreactor under controlled condition where 60 mM butanol was produced within 24 h of cultivation. A continuous bioreactor with the provision of cell recycling allowed the continuous production of butanol at the average productivity of 7.6 mmol/l/h until 240 h. Conclusions E. coli engineered with the pathway from C. acetobutylicum could efficiently convert butyric acid

50 CFR 32.5 - What are the requirements for sportfishing on areas of the National Wildlife Refuge System?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 8 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false What are the requirements for sportfishing on areas of the National Wildlife Refuge System? 32.5 Section 32.5 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) THE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE...

50 CFR 32.5 - What are the requirements for sportfishing on areas of the National Wildlife Refuge System?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false What are the requirements for sportfishing on areas of the National Wildlife Refuge System? 32.5 Section 32.5 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) THE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE...

50 CFR 32.5 - What are the requirements for sportfishing on areas of the National Wildlife Refuge System?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false What are the requirements for sportfishing on areas of the National Wildlife Refuge System? 32.5 Section 32.5 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) THE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE...

50 CFR 32.5 - What are the requirements for sportfishing on areas of the National Wildlife Refuge System?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false What are the requirements for sportfishing on areas of the National Wildlife Refuge System? 32.5 Section 32.5 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) THE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE...

50 CFR 32.5 - What are the requirements for sportfishing on areas of the National Wildlife Refuge System?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false What are the requirements for sportfishing on areas of the National Wildlife Refuge System? 32.5 Section 32.5 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) THE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE...

TC-325 versus the conventional combined technique for endoscopic treatment of peptic ulcers with high-risk bleeding stigmata: A randomized pilot study.

PubMed

Kwek, Boon Eu Andrew; Ang, Tiing Leong; Ong, Peng Lan Jeannie; Tan, Yi Lyn Jessica; Ang, Shih Wen Daphne; Law, Ngai Moh; Thurairajah, Prem Harichander; Fock, Kwong Ming

2017-06-01

Preliminary studies on a new topical hemostatic agent, TC-325, have shown its safety and effectiveness in treating active upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. However, to date there have been no randomized trials comparing TC-325 with the conventional combined technique (CCT). Our pilot study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of TC-325 with those of CCT in treating peptic ulcers with active bleeding or high-risk stigmata. This was a comparative randomized study of patients with upper GI bleeding who had Forrest class I, IIA or IIB ulcers. Altogether 20 patients with a mean age of 70 years (range 23-87 years) were recruited, including 16 men, with a mean hemoglobin of 97 g/L. Initial hemostasis was successful in 19 (95.0%) patients, including 90.0% (9/10) in the TC-325 group and 100% (10/10) in the CCT group. TC-325 monotherapy failed to stop bleeding in a patient with Forrest IB posterior duodenal wall ulcer. Rebleeding was seen in 33.3% (3/9) of the patients in the TC-325 group and 10.0% (1/10) in the CCT group. One patient required angio-embolization therapy while three had successful conventional endotherapy. Two patients from the TC-325 group had serious adverse events that were not procedure- or therapy-related. In patients with Forrest IIA or IIB ulcers, five received TC-325 monotherapy; none had rebleeding. Our pilot study showed that TC-325 has a tendency towards a higher rebleeding rate than CCT, when treating actively bleeding ulcers. Larger trials are necessary for definitive results. © 2017 Chinese Medical Association Shanghai Branch, Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

Overexpressed Proteins in Hypervirulent Clade 8 and Clade 6 Strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Compared to E. coli O157:H7 EDL933 Clade 3 Strain.

PubMed

Amigo, Natalia; Zhang, Qi; Amadio, Ariel; Zhang, Qunjie; Silva, Wanderson M; Cui, Baiyuan; Chen, Zhongjian; Larzabal, Mariano; Bei, Jinlong; Cataldi, Angel

2016-01-01

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is responsible for severe diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), and predominantly affects children under 5 years. The major virulence traits are Shiga toxins, necessary to develop HUS and the Type III Secretion System (T3SS) through which bacteria translocate effector proteins directly into the host cell. By SNPs typing, E. coli O157:H7 was separated into nine different clades. Clade 8 and clade 6 strains were more frequently associated with severe disease and HUS. In this study, we aimed to identify differentially expressed proteins in two strains of E. coli O157:H7 (clade 8 and clade 6), obtained from cattle and compared them with the well characterized reference EDL933 strain (clade 3). Clade 8 and clade 6 strains show enhanced pathogenicity in a mouse model and virulence-related properties. Proteins were extracted and analyzed using the TMT-6plex labeling strategy associated with two dimensional liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry in tandem. We detected 2241 proteins in the cell extract and 1787 proteins in the culture supernatants. Attention was focused on the proteins related to virulence, overexpressed in clade 6 and 8 strains compared to EDL933 strain. The proteins relevant overexpressed in clade 8 strain were the curli protein CsgC, a transcriptional activator (PchE), phage proteins, Stx2, FlgM and FlgD, a dienelactone hydrolase, CheW and CheY, and the SPATE protease EspP. For clade 6 strain, a high overexpression of phage proteins was detected, mostly from Stx2 encoding phage, including Stx2, flagellin and the protease TagA, EDL933_p0016, dienelactone hydrolase, and Haemolysin A, amongst others with unknown function. Some of these proteins were analyzed by RT-qPCR to corroborate the proteomic data. Clade 6 and clade 8 strains showed enhanced transcription of 10 out of 12 genes compared to EDL933. These results may provide new insights in E. coli O157:H7 mechanisms of pathogenesis.

Flexible surface acoustic wave strain sensor based on single crystalline LiNbO3 thin film

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Hongsheng; Dong, Shurong; Xuan, Weipeng; Farooq, Umar; Huang, Shuyi; Li, Menglu; Wu, Ting; Jin, Hao; Wang, Xiaozhi; Luo, Jikui

2018-02-01

A flexible surface acoustic wave (SAW) strain sensor in the frequency range of 162-325 MHz was developed based on a single crystalline LiNbO3 thin film with dual resonance modes, namely, the Rayleigh mode and the thickness shear mode (TSM). This SAW sensor could handle a wide strain range up to ±3500 μɛ owing to its excellent flexibility, which is nearly six times the detecting range of bulk piezoelectric substrate based SAW strain sensors. The sensor exhibited a high sensitivity of 193 Hz/ μɛ with a maximum hysteresis less than 1.5%. The temperature coefficients of frequency, for Rayleigh and TSM modes, were -85 and -59 ppm/ °C , respectively. No visible deterioration was observed after cyclic bending for hundreds of times, showing its desirable stability and reliability. By utilizing the dual modes, the strain sensor with a self-temperature calibrated capability can be achieved. The results demonstrate that the sensor is an excellent candidate for strain sensing.

Determination of resistance and virulence genes in Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium strains isolated from poultry and their genotypic characterization by ADSRRS-fingerprinting.

PubMed

Nowakiewicz, A; Ziólkowska, G; Troscianczyk, A; Zieba, P; Gnat, S

2017-04-01

The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance of E. faecalis and E. faecium strains isolated from poultry and to carry out genotypic characterization thereof with the ADSRRS-fingerprinting method (amplification of DNA fragments surrounding rare restriction sites) and analysis of the genetic relatedness between the isolates with different resistance and virulence determinants. Samples were collected from 70 4-week-old chickens and tested for Enterococcus. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of 11 antimicrobials were determined using the broth microdilution method. Detection of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes was performed using PCR, and molecular analysis was carried out using the ADSRRS-fingerprinting method. The highest percentage of strains was resistant to tetracycline (60.5%) and erythromycin (54.4%), and a large number exhibited high-level resistance to both kanamycin (42.1%) and streptomycin (34.2%). Among 8 genes encoding AME, the tested strains showed mainly the presence of [aph(3΄)-IIIa], [ant(6)-Ia], [aac(6΄)-Ie-aph(2΄΄)-Ia], and [ant(9)-Ia] genes. Phenotypic resistance to erythromycin was encoded in 98.4% strains by the ermB gene. Genotypic resistance to tetracycline in E. faecium was associated with the presence of tetM and tetL (respectively, in 95.5 and 57.7% of the isolates); in contrast, E. faecalis strains were characterized mainly by the presence of tetO (83.3%). The virulence profile was homogenous for all E. faecium strains and included only efaAfm and ccf genes. All E. faecalis strains exhibited efaAfs, gelE, and genes encoding sex pheromones. The strains tested exhibited 34 genotypic profiles. Comparative analysis of phenotypic and genotypic resistance and virulence profiles and confrontation thereof with the genotypes of the strains tested showed that strains assigned to a particular genotype have an identical phenotypic resistance profile and a panel of resistance and virulence genes. The results of this

Credit BG. View looks north northwest (325°) towards Administration Building ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Credit BG. View looks north northwest (325°) towards Administration Building across aircraft apron east of Building 4505. Building 4507 (Storage Building) appears at extreme right of view - Edwards Air Force Base, North Base, Administration Building, Northeast of A Street, Boron, Kern County, CA

20 CFR 325.3 - Application for unemployment benefits and employment service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Application for unemployment benefits and... RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.3 Application for unemployment benefits and employment service. (a) Requirement. An unemployed employee who wishes to claim...

20 CFR 325.3 - Application for unemployment benefits and employment service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Application for unemployment benefits and... RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.3 Application for unemployment benefits and employment service. (a) Requirement. An unemployed employee who wishes to claim...

20 CFR 325.3 - Application for unemployment benefits and employment service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2014-04-01 2012-04-01 true Application for unemployment benefits and... RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.3 Application for unemployment benefits and employment service. (a) Requirement. An unemployed employee who wishes to claim...

20 CFR 325.3 - Application for unemployment benefits and employment service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Application for unemployment benefits and... RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.3 Application for unemployment benefits and employment service. (a) Requirement. An unemployed employee who wishes to claim...

20 CFR 325.3 - Application for unemployment benefits and employment service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2013-04-01 2012-04-01 true Application for unemployment benefits and... RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT REGISTRATION FOR RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS § 325.3 Application for unemployment benefits and employment service. (a) Requirement. An unemployed employee who wishes to claim...

Conversion of the high-yield salinomycin producer Streptomyces albus BK3-25 into a surrogate host for polyketide production.

PubMed

Zhang, Xiaojie; Lu, Chenyang; Bai, Linquan

2017-09-01

An ideal surrogate host for heterologous production of various natural products is expected to have efficient nutrient utilization, fast growth, abundant precursors and energy supply, and a pronounced gene expression. Streptomyces albus BK3-25 is a high-yield industrial strain producing type-I polyketide salinomycin, with a unique ability of bean oil utilization. Its potential of being a surrogate host for heterologous production of PKS was engineered and evaluated herein. Firstly, introduction of a three-gene cassette for the biosynthesis of ethylmalonyl-CoA resulted in accumulation of ethylmalonyl-CoA precursor and salinomycin, and subsequent deletion of the salinomycin biosynthetic gene cluster resulted in a host with rich supplies of common polyketide precursors, including malonyl-CoA, methylmalonyl-CoA, and ethylmalonyl-CoA. Secondly, the energy and reducing force were measured, and the improved accumulation of ATP and NADPH was observed in the mutant. Furthermore, the strength of a series of selected endogenous promoters based on microarray data was assessed at different growth phases, and a strong constitutive promoter was identified, providing a useful tool for further engineered gene expression. Finally, the potential of the BK3-25 derived host ZXJ-6 was evaluated with the introduction of the actinorhodin biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces coelicolor, and the heterologous production of actinorhodin was obtained. This work clearly indicated the potential of the high-yield salinomycin producer as a surrogate host for heterologous production of polyketides, although more genetic manipulation should be conducted to streamline its performance.

Antascomicins A, B, C, D and E. Novel FKBP12 binding compounds from a Micromonospora strain.

PubMed

Fehr, T; Sanglier, J J; Schuler, W; Gschwind, L; Ponelle, M; Schilling, W; Wioland, C

1996-03-01

5 novel ascomycin-like compounds, antascomicins A, B, C, D and E were isolated from a strain of Micromonospora. The antascomicins bind strongly to the FK506-binding protein FKBP12 and antagonize the immunosuppressive activity of FK506 and rapamycin. The strain description, fermentation, structure elucidation and biological activity of these compounds are described.

7 CFR 1.325 - Form, filing and service of papers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Form, filing and service of papers. 1.325 Section 1... and service of papers. (a) Form. (1) The original and two copies of all papers in a proceeding conducted under this subpart shall be filed with the ALJ assigned to the case. (2) Every pleading and paper...

Hemostatic powder TC-325 in the management of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding: a two-year experience at a single institution.

PubMed

Chen, Yen-I; Barkun, Alan; Nolan, Sabrina

2015-02-01

TC-325 is a novel endoscopic hemostatic powder. Our aim was to describe a single-center experience with the use of TC-325 in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, while for the first time attempting to determine how long the powder remains on a lesion. The charts of consecutive patients receiving TC-325 therapy between July 2011 and July 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. Primary endpoints included immediate hemostasis and early rebleeding (≤ 72 hours). Overall, 60 patients received 67 treatments with TC-325: 21 for nonmalignant nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding, 19 for malignant upper gastrointestinal bleeding, 11 for lower gastrointestinal bleeding, and 16 for intra-procedural bleeding. Immediate hemostasis was achieved in 66 cases (98.5 %), with 6 cases (9.5 %) of early rebleeding. No serious adverse events were noted. No TC-325 powder was identified in the 11 patients who underwent second-look endoscopy, performed within 24 hours in 4 patients. TC-325 appears safe and effective for managing bleeding in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract with a variety of causes. The time during which the powder remains in the gastrointestinal tract is short, with complete elimination from the gastrointestinal tract as early as within 24 hours after use. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

41 CFR 102-33.325 - What documentation must we furnish with excess/surplus or replaced parts when they are...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What documentation must... sold? 102-33.325 Section 102-33.325 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management Regulations System (Continued) FEDERAL MANAGEMENT REGULATION PERSONAL PROPERTY 33-MANAGEMENT OF...

47 CFR 51.325 - Notice of network changes: Public notice requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Notice of network changes: Public notice... § 51.325 Notice of network changes: Public notice requirement. (a) An incumbent local exchange carrier (“LEC”) must provide public notice regarding any network change that: (1) Will affect a competing...

47 CFR 51.325 - Notice of network changes: Public notice requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Notice of network changes: Public notice... § 51.325 Notice of network changes: Public notice requirement. (a) An incumbent local exchange carrier (“LEC”) must provide public notice regarding any network change that: (1) Will affect a competing...

3 CFR - Delegation of Functions and Authority Under Sections 315 and 325 of Title 32, United States Code

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 3 The President 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Delegation of Functions and Authority Under Sections 315 and 325 of Title 32, United States Code Presidential Documents Other Presidential Documents Memorandum of April 14, 2011 Delegation of Functions and Authority Under Sections 315 and 325 of Title 32, United States Code Memorandum for the...

41 CFR 105-68.325 - What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What happens if I do business with an excluded person in a covered transaction? 105-68.325 Section 105-68.325 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management Regulations System (Continued) GENERAL SERVICES...

42 CFR 488.325 - Disclosure of results of surveys and activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Disclosure of results of surveys and activities... PROCEDURES Survey and Certification of Long-Term Care Facilities § 488.325 Disclosure of results of surveys... of imposed remedies. (5) Final appeal results. (6) Notice of termination of a facility. (7) Medicare...

42 CFR 488.325 - Disclosure of results of surveys and activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Disclosure of results of surveys and activities... PROCEDURES Survey and Certification of Long-Term Care Facilities § 488.325 Disclosure of results of surveys... of imposed remedies. (5) Final appeal results. (6) Notice of termination of a facility. (7) Medicare...

42 CFR 488.325 - Disclosure of results of surveys and activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Disclosure of results of surveys and activities... PROCEDURES Survey and Certification of Long-Term Care Facilities § 488.325 Disclosure of results of surveys... of imposed remedies. (5) Final appeal results. (6) Notice of termination of a facility. (7) Medicare...

A comparison of Shiga-toxin 2 bacteriophage from classical enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli serotypes and the German E. coli O104:H4 outbreak strain.

PubMed

Laing, Chad R; Zhang, Yongxiang; Gilmour, Matthew W; Allen, Vanessa; Johnson, Roger; Thomas, James E; Gannon, Victor P J

2012-01-01

Escherichia coli O104:H4 was associated with a severe foodborne disease outbreak originating in Germany in May 2011. More than 4000 illnesses and 50 deaths were reported. The outbreak strain was a typical enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) that acquired an antibiotic resistance plasmid and a Shiga-toxin 2 (Stx2)-encoding bacteriophage. Based on whole-genome phylogenies, the O104:H4 strain was most closely related to other EAEC strains; however, Stx2-bacteriophage are mobile, and do not necessarily share an evolutionary history with their bacterial host. In this study, we analyzed Stx2-bacteriophage from the E. coli O104:H4 outbreak isolates and compared them to all available Stx2-bacteriophage sequences. We also compared Stx2 production by an E. coli O104:H4 outbreak-associated isolate (ON-2011) to that of E. coli O157:H7 strains EDL933 and Sakai. Among the E. coli Stx2-phage sequences studied, that from O111:H- strain JB1-95 was most closely related phylogenetically to the Stx2-phage from the O104:H4 outbreak isolates. The phylogeny of most other Stx2-phage was largely concordant with their bacterial host genomes. Finally, O104:H4 strain ON-2011 produced less Stx2 than E. coli O157:H7 strains EDL933 and Sakai in culture; however, when mitomycin C was added, ON-2011 produced significantly more toxin than the E. coli O157:H7 strains. The Stx2-phage from the E. coli O104:H4 outbreak strain and the Stx2-phage from O111:H- strain JB1-95 likely share a common ancestor. Incongruence between the phylogenies of the Stx2-phage and their host genomes suggest the recent Stx2-phage acquisition by E. coli O104:H4. The increase in Stx2-production by ON-2011 following mitomycin C treatment may or may not be related to the high rates of hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with the German outbreak strain. Further studies are required to determine whether the elevated Stx2-production levels are due to bacteriophage or E. coli O104:H4 host related factors.

A Comparison of Shiga-Toxin 2 Bacteriophage from Classical Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Serotypes and the German E. coli O104:H4 Outbreak Strain

PubMed Central

Laing, Chad R.; Zhang, Yongxiang; Gilmour, Matthew W.; Allen, Vanessa; Johnson, Roger; Thomas, James E.; Gannon, Victor P. J.

2012-01-01

Escherichia coli O104:H4 was associated with a severe foodborne disease outbreak originating in Germany in May 2011. More than 4000 illnesses and 50 deaths were reported. The outbreak strain was a typical enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) that acquired an antibiotic resistance plasmid and a Shiga-toxin 2 (Stx2)-encoding bacteriophage. Based on whole-genome phylogenies, the O104:H4 strain was most closely related to other EAEC strains; however, Stx2-bacteriophage are mobile, and do not necessarily share an evolutionary history with their bacterial host. In this study, we analyzed Stx2-bacteriophage from the E. coli O104:H4 outbreak isolates and compared them to all available Stx2-bacteriophage sequences. We also compared Stx2 production by an E. coli O104:H4 outbreak-associated isolate (ON-2011) to that of E. coli O157:H7 strains EDL933 and Sakai. Among the E. coli Stx2-phage sequences studied, that from O111:H- strain JB1-95 was most closely related phylogenetically to the Stx2-phage from the O104:H4 outbreak isolates. The phylogeny of most other Stx2-phage was largely concordant with their bacterial host genomes. Finally, O104:H4 strain ON-2011 produced less Stx2 than E. coli O157:H7 strains EDL933 and Sakai in culture; however, when mitomycin C was added, ON-2011 produced significantly more toxin than the E. coli O157:H7 strains. The Stx2-phage from the E. coli O104:H4 outbreak strain and the Stx2-phage from O111:H- strain JB1-95 likely share a common ancestor. Incongruence between the phylogenies of the Stx2-phage and their host genomes suggest the recent Stx2-phage acquisition by E. coli O104:H4. The increase in Stx2-production by ON-2011 following mitomycin C treatment may or may not be related to the high rates of hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with the German outbreak strain. Further studies are required to determine whether the elevated Stx2-production levels are due to bacteriophage or E. coli O104:H4 host related factors. PMID:22649523

Presence and characterization of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and other potentially diarrheagenic E. coli strains in retail meats.

PubMed

Xia, Xiaodong; Meng, Jianghong; McDermott, Patrick F; Ayers, Sherry; Blickenstaff, Karen; Tran, Thu-Thuy; Abbott, Jason; Zheng, Jie; Zhao, Shaohua

2010-03-01

To determine the presence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and other potentially diarrheagenic E. coli strains in retail meats, 7,258 E. coli isolates collected by the U.S. National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) retail meat program from 2002 to 2007 were screened for Shiga toxin genes. In addition, 1,275 of the E. coli isolates recovered in 2006 were examined for virulence genes specific for other diarrheagenic E. coli strains. Seventeen isolates (16 from ground beef and 1 from a pork chop) were positive for stx genes, including 5 positive for both stx(1) and stx(2), 2 positive for stx(1), and 10 positive for stx(2). The 17 STEC strains belonged to 10 serotypes: O83:H8, O8:H16, O15:H16, O15:H17, O88:H38, ONT:H51, ONT:H2, ONT:H10, ONT:H7, and ONT:H46. None of the STEC isolates contained eae, whereas seven carried enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) hlyA. All except one STEC isolate exhibited toxic effects on Vero cells. DNA sequence analysis showed that the stx(2) genes from five STEC isolates encoded mucus-activatable Stx2d. Subtyping of the 17 STEC isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) yielded 14 distinct restriction patterns. Among the 1,275 isolates from 2006, 11 atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) isolates were identified in addition to 3 STEC isolates. This study demonstrated that retail meats, mainly ground beef, were contaminated with diverse STEC strains. The presence of atypical EPEC strains in retail meat is also of concern due to their potential to cause human infections.

9 CFR 325.21 - Means of conveyance in which dead, dying, disabled, or diseased livestock and parts of carcasses...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Means of conveyance in which dead... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION TRANSPORTATION § 325.21 Means of conveyance in which dead, dying, disabled, or... conveyance used by persons subject to § 325.20 for transporting in commerce or importing, any dead, dying...

9 CFR 325.21 - Means of conveyance in which dead, dying, disabled, or diseased livestock and parts of carcasses...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Means of conveyance in which dead... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION TRANSPORTATION § 325.21 Means of conveyance in which dead, dying, disabled, or... conveyance used by persons subject to § 325.20 for transporting in commerce or importing, any dead, dying...

9 CFR 325.21 - Means of conveyance in which dead, dying, disabled, or diseased livestock and parts of carcasses...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Means of conveyance in which dead... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION TRANSPORTATION § 325.21 Means of conveyance in which dead, dying, disabled, or... conveyance used by persons subject to § 325.20 for transporting in commerce or importing, any dead, dying...

9 CFR 325.21 - Means of conveyance in which dead, dying, disabled, or diseased livestock and parts of carcasses...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Means of conveyance in which dead... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION TRANSPORTATION § 325.21 Means of conveyance in which dead, dying, disabled, or... conveyance used by persons subject to § 325.20 for transporting in commerce or importing, any dead, dying...

9 CFR 325.21 - Means of conveyance in which dead, dying, disabled, or diseased livestock and parts of carcasses...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Means of conveyance in which dead... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION TRANSPORTATION § 325.21 Means of conveyance in which dead, dying, disabled, or... conveyance used by persons subject to § 325.20 for transporting in commerce or importing, any dead, dying...

Behavior of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, enteroinvasive E. coli, enteropathogenic E. coli and enterotoxigenic E. coli strains on whole and sliced jalapeño and serrano peppers.

PubMed

Gómez-Aldapa, Carlos A; Rangel-Vargas, Esmeralda; Gordillo-Martínez, Alberto J; Castro-Rosas, Javier

2014-06-01

The behavior of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and non-O157 shiga toxin-producing E. coli (non-O157-STEC) on whole and slices of jalapeño and serrano peppers as well as in blended sauce at 25 ± 2 °C and 3 ± 2 °C was investigated. Chili peppers were collected from markets of Pachuca city, Hidalgo, Mexico. On whole serrano and jalapeño stored at 25 ± 2 °C or 3 ± 2 °C, no growth was observed for EPEC, ETEC, EIEC and non-O157-STEC rifampicin resistant strains. After twelve days at 25 ± 2 °C, on serrano peppers all diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes (DEP) strains had decreased by a total of approximately 3.7 log, whereas on jalapeño peppers the strains had decreased by approximately 2.8 log, and at 3 ± 2 °C they decreased to approximately 2.5 and 2.2 log respectively, on serrano and jalapeño. All E. coli pathotypes grew onto sliced chili peppers and in blended sauce: after 24 h at 25 ± 2 °C, all pathotypes had grown to approximately 3 and 4 log CFU on pepper slices and sauce, respectively. At 3 ± 2 °C the bacterial growth was inhibited. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Fatigue crack growth of 316NG austenitic stainless steel welds at 325 °C

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Y. F.; Xiao, J.; Chen, Y.; Zhou, J.; Qiu, S. Y.; Xu, Q.

2018-02-01

316NG austenitic stainless steel is a commonly-used material for primary coolant pipes of pressurized water reactor systems. These pipes are usually joined together by automated narrow gap welding process. In this study, welds were prepared by narrow gap welding on 316NG austenitic stainless steel pipes, and its microstructure of the welds was characterized. Then, fatigue crack growth tests were conducted at 325 °C. Precipitates enriched with Mn and Si were found in the fusion zone. The fatigue crack path was out of plane and secondary cracks initiated from the precipitate/matrix interface. A moderate acceleration of crack growth was also observed at 325°Cair and water (DO = ∼10 ppb) with f = 2 Hz.

RapidRIP quantifies the intracellular metabolome of 7 industrial strains of E. coli.

PubMed

McCloskey, Douglas; Xu, Julia; Schrübbers, Lars; Christensen, Hanne B; Herrgård, Markus J

2018-04-25

Fast metabolite quantification methods are required for high throughput screening of microbial strains obtained by combinatorial or evolutionary engineering approaches. In this study, a rapid RIP-LC-MS/MS (RapidRIP) method for high-throughput quantitative metabolomics was developed and validated that was capable of quantifying 102 metabolites from central, amino acid, energy, nucleotide, and cofactor metabolism in less than 5 minutes. The method was shown to have comparable sensitivity and resolving capability as compared to a full length RIP-LC-MS/MS method (FullRIP). The RapidRIP method was used to quantify the metabolome of seven industrial strains of E. coli revealing significant differences in glycolytic, pentose phosphate, TCA cycle, amino acid, and energy and cofactor metabolites were found. These differences translated to statistically and biologically significant differences in thermodynamics of biochemical reactions between strains that could have implications when choosing a host for bioprocessing. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Do different strains of E. faecalis have the same behavior towards intracanal medications in in vitro research?

PubMed

Zancan, Rafaela Fernandes; Canali, Lyz Cristina Furquim; Tartari, Talita; Andrade, Flaviana Bombarda de; Vivan, Rodrigo Ricci; Duarte, Marco Antonio Hungaro

2018-05-24

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial action of different endodontic pastes against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, isolated from the urinary tract, and compare the action with E. faecalis ATCC 4083, isolated from the root canal. For this purpose, dentin blocks were infected for 21 days with both bacteria at different time-intervals to ensure there would be no cross contamination. After this period, blocks were immersed in the test medications for 7 days, according to the following groups: CH/S, CH/P, CH/CMCP, CH/CHX, CH/DAP and TAP. Images of the samples were captured with a confocal microscope and the percentage of live cells was computed by means of the Bioimage program. The ATCC 29212 strain was shown to be more resistant to CH/SS, Calen, CH/DAP, and TAP than the ATCC 4083 strain. The antimicrobial action of the medications against each strain were divergent concerning the order of susceptibility. The authors concluded that the strains behaved in a different manner: in general, those extracted from the urinary tract were more resistant to the tested medications. Therefore, when E. faecalis must be used for in vitro research in endodontics, we suggest the use of ATCC 4083 strain to obtain results that are closer to the clinical reality.

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli strains secrete a heat-labile toxin antigenically related to E. coli hemolysin.

PubMed Central

Baldwin, T J; Knutton, S; Sellers, L; Hernandez, H A; Aitken, A; Williams, P H

1992-01-01

A protein toxin of approximately 120,000 Da secreted by nonhemolytic enteroaggregative Escherichia coli strains cross-reacted in Western blots (immunoblots) with antibodies raised against the C-terminal region of E. coli hemolysin. Treatment of HEp-2 cells with enteroaggregative E. coli or culture supernatants caused elevation of intracellular calcium and stimulated calcium-dependent protein phosphorylation. Images PMID:1563799

Outcome of E1224-Benznidazole Combination Treatment for Infection with a Multidrug-Resistant Trypanosoma cruzi Strain in Mice.

PubMed

Diniz, Lívia de Figueiredo; Mazzeti, Ana Lia; Caldas, Ivo Santana; Ribeiro, Isabela; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

2018-06-01

Combination therapy has been proposed as an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of Chagas disease. In this study, we evaluated the effect of treatment with benznidazole combined with E1224 (ravuconazole prodrug) in an experimental murine model of acute infection. The first set of experiments assessed the range of E1224 doses required to induce parasitological cure using Trypanosoma cruzi strains with different susceptibilities to benznidazole (Y and Colombian). All E1224 doses were effective in suppressing the parasitemia and preventing death; however, parasitological cure was observed only in mice infected with Y strain. Considering these results, we evaluated the effect of combined treatment against Colombian, a multidrug-resistant T. cruzi strain. After exclusion of antagonistic effects using in vitro assays, infected mice were treated with E1224 and benznidazole in monotherapy or in combination at day 4 or 10 postinoculation. All treatments were well tolerated and effective in suppressing parasitemia; however, parasitological and PCR assays indicated no cure among mice treated with monotherapies. Intriguingly, the outcome of combination therapy was dependent on treatment onset. Early treatment using optimal doses of E1224-benznidazole induced a 100% cure rate, but this association could not eliminate a well-established infection. The beneficial effect of combination therapy was evidenced by further reductions of the patent parasitemia period in the group receiving combined therapy compared with monotherapies. Our results demonstrated a positive interaction between E1224 and benznidazole against murine T. cruzi infection using a multidrug-resistant strain and highlighted the importance of a stringent experimental model in the evaluation of new therapies. Copyright © 2018 Diniz et al.