Sample records for aids denialism beliefs

  1. Semantics and pragmatics of social influence: how affirmations and denials affect beliefs in referent propositions.

    PubMed

    Gruenfeld, D H; Wyer, R S

    1992-01-01

    Ss read either affirmations or denials of target propositions that ostensibly came from either newspapers or reference volumes. Denials of the validity of a proposition that was already assumed to be false increased Ss' beliefs in this proposition. The effect generalized to beliefs in related propositions that could be used to support the target's validity. When denials came from a newspaper, their "boomerang effect" was nearly equal in magnitude to the direct effect of affirming the target proposition's validity. When Ss were asked explicitly to consider the implications of the assertions, however, the impact of denials was eliminated. Affirmations of a target proposition that was already assumed to be true also had a boomerang effect. Results have implications for the effects of both semantic and pragmatic processing of assertions on belief change.

  2. Alcohol and cancer: risk perception and risk denial beliefs among the French general population.

    PubMed

    Bocquier, Aurélie; Fressard, Lisa; Verger, Pierre; Legleye, Stéphane; Peretti-Watel, Patrick

    2017-08-01

    Worldwide, millions of deaths each year are attributed to alcohol. We sought to examine French people's beliefs about the risks of alcohol, their correlates, and their associations with alcohol use. Data came from the 2010 Baromètre Cancer survey, a random cross-sectional telephone survey of the French general population (n = 3359 individuals aged 15-75 years). Using principal component analysis of seven beliefs about alcohol risks, we built two scores (one assessing risk denial based on self-confidence and the other risk relativization). Two multiple linear regressions explored these scores' socio-demographic and perceived information level correlates. Multiple logistic regressions tested the associations of these scores with daily drinking and with heavy episodic drinking (HED). About 60% of the respondents acknowledged that alcohol increases the risk of cancer, and 89% felt well-informed about the risks of alcohol. Beliefs that may promote risk denial were frequent (e.g. 72% agreed that soda and hamburgers are as bad as alcohol for your health). Both risk denial and risk relativization scores were higher among men, older respondents and those of low socioeconomic status. The probability of daily drinking increased with the risk relativization score and that of HED with both scores. Beliefs that can help people to deny the cancer risks due to alcohol use are common in France and may exist in many other countries where alcoholic beverages have been an integral part of the culture. These results can be used to redesign public information campaigns about the risks of alcohol. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

  3. Lay denial of knowledge for justified true beliefs.

    PubMed

    Nagel, Jennifer; Juan, Valerie San; Mar, Raymond A

    2013-12-01

    Intuitively, there is a difference between knowledge and mere belief. Contemporary philosophical work on the nature of this difference has focused on scenarios known as "Gettier cases." Designed as counterexamples to the classical theory that knowledge is justified true belief, these cases feature agents who arrive at true beliefs in ways which seem reasonable or justified, while nevertheless seeming to lack knowledge. Prior empirical investigation of these cases has raised questions about whether lay people generally share philosophers' intuitions about these cases, or whether lay intuitions vary depending on individual factors (e.g. ethnicity) or factors related to specific types of Gettier cases (e.g. cases that include apparent evidence). We report an experiment on lay attributions of knowledge and justification for a wide range of Gettier Cases and for a related class of controversial cases known as Skeptical Pressure cases, which are also thought by philosophers to elicit intuitive denials of knowledge. Although participants rated true beliefs in Gettier and Skeptical Pressure cases as being justified, they were significantly less likely to attribute knowledge for these cases than for matched True Belief cases. This pattern of response was consistent across different variations of Gettier cases and did not vary by ethnicity or gender, although attributions of justification were found to be positively related to measures of empathy. These findings therefore suggest that across demographic groups, laypeople share similar epistemic concepts with philosophers, recognizing a difference between knowledge and justified true belief. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  4. The role of revenge, denial, and terrorism distress in restoring just world beliefs: the impact of the 2008 Mumbai attacks on British and Indian students.

    PubMed

    Ferguson, Neil; Kamble, Shanmukh V

    2012-01-01

    Just world beliefs for students (N = 413) from India and the United Kingdom were measured. The participants then read a scenario about the 2008 terrorist attacks on Mumbai. The participants were then assessed for terrorism distress and offered multiple strategies (revenge and denial) to restore their just world beliefs. The findings indicate that students resident in India along with those who hold strong just world beliefs felt more distress, held a greater desire for revenge, and demonstrated more denial than the British students and those who had weak beliefs in a just world. These results indicate the important role just world beliefs play in responding to the threat created by mass casualty terrorist attacks. The implications for just world theory are also discussed.

  5. Traditional beliefs about the cause of AIDS and AIDS-related stigma in South Africa.

    PubMed

    Kalichman, S C; Simbayi, L

    2004-07-01

    AIDS-related stigmas are pervasive in some segments of South African society and stigmas can impede efforts to promote voluntary counselling and testing and other HIV-AIDS prevention efforts. The current study examined associations among the belief that AIDS is caused by spirits and supernatural forces, AIDS-related knowledge and AIDS-related stigmas. A street intercept survey with 487 men and women living in a Black township in Cape Town, South Africa showed that 11% (n=54) believed that AIDS is caused by spirits and supernatural forces, 21% (n=105) were unsure if AIDS is caused by spirits and the supernatural, and 68% (n=355) did not believe that AIDS is caused by spirits and supernatural forces. Multiple logistic regression analyses controlling for participant age, gender, years of education and survey venue showed that people who believed HIV-AIDS is caused by spirits and the supernatural demonstrated significantly more misinformation about AIDS and were significantly more likely to endorse repulsion and social sanction stigmatizing beliefs against people living with HIV-AIDS. However, nearly all associations between beliefs that AIDS is caused by spirits and AIDS stigmas were non-significant when logistic regressions were repeated with AIDS-related knowledge included as a control variable. This finding suggests that relationships between traditional beliefs about the cause of HIV-AIDS and AIDS stigmas are mediated by AIDS-related knowledge. AIDS education efforts are urgently needed to reach people who hold traditional beliefs about AIDS to remedy AIDS stigmas.

  6. Science Denial and the Science Classroom

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Liu, Dennis W. C.

    2012-01-01

    Biology teachers are accustomed to engaging individuals who do not accept biological evolution. Denial of evolution ranges from ignorance of the evidence to outright denial or distortion of data. The list of science denial topics has grown alarmingly over the years to include: HIV as the cause of AIDS, exaggeration of the health and environmental…

  7. Fatalism and HIV/AIDS beliefs in rural Mali, West Africa.

    PubMed

    Hess, Rosanna F; McKinney, Dawn

    2007-01-01

    To examine beliefs about HIV/AIDS of rural Malians and to measure their level of fatalism in context of HIV/AIDS and prevention behaviors. Descriptive, correlational. An AIDS Knowledge and Beliefs survey and the Powe Fatalism Inventory (PFI)-HIV/AIDS version were administered to a convenience sample of 84 people at three health center maternity clinics in southeastern Mali, West Africa. The sample's HIV/AIDS fatalism mean was 9.2 on a 15-point scale, with an internal consistency of .89. Health workers and more educated participants had significantly lower fatalism scores. Fatalism also varied by the combination of gender and ethnicity. People who believed that AIDS was not real, was a punishment from God, was fabricated by the West, was a curse, and that it was taboo to talk about AIDS had higher fatalism means. None of the prevention indicators were significantly related to fatalism scores. These rural Malians had a high overall fatalism mean and their beliefs about AIDS based on traditional culture may affect prevention behaviors. More research is needed to understand the influence of fatalism on prevention behaviors.

  8. Sexual Risk Behaviors, AIDS Knowledge, and Beliefs about AIDS among Runaways.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Rotheram-Borus, Mary Jane; Koopman, Cheryl

    1991-01-01

    Examined young runaways' current risk behaviors, knowledge of AIDS, and beliefs about preventing AIDS by questioning 130 male and female subjects from shelters in New York City in 1988-89. Results did not explain the 6.7 percent seroprevalence rate reported in l988. Recommends closer inquiries regarding IV drug use and prostitution. (DM)

  9. Court finds ambiguity in denial of off-label AIDS drug.

    PubMed

    1998-03-06

    A home intravenous drug therapy provider and an insurance company operated by the American Consulting Engineers Council have gone to court over disputed medical claims. An AIDS patient being treated with ganciclovir for CMV retinitis had a decrease in his white blood cell count, neutropenia, that endangered his life. The physicians prescribed neupogen, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for cancer treatment, to counteract the neutropenia. The health care provider, I.V. Services of America, continued the neupogen treatment; the treatments were covered as an inpatient but denied after discharge. I.V. Services sued, alleging that the cause of the neutropenia should not bar coverage. The New York judge found in favor of the health care provider, calling the insurance company's position self serving and the denial of the claim arbitrary.

  10. Knowledge, attitudes, cultural, social and spiritual beliefs on healthseeking behaviors of Gambian adults with HIV/AIDS

    PubMed Central

    Njie-Carr, Veronica P.S.

    2010-01-01

    HIV/AIDS continues to grow exponentially in sub-Saharan Africa. Early HIV/AIDS care is essential for early interventions to increase quality of life and reduce mortality. The objectives of the study were: (1) to determine the relationship among attitudes, spiritual beliefs, cultural beliefs, social beliefs and knowledge on health-seeking behaviors (HSB) of Gambian adults living with HIV/AIDS; and (2) to provide preliminary data on psychometric characteristics of the newly developed HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs Patient Questionnaire. The descriptive design included 93 adults aged 21 to 65 years. Correlation and hierarchical regression analyses were used. Bivariate analyses demonstrated significant relationships between all five variables and HSB at p ≤.03. Additionally, 11% of the variance in HSB was explained by the combined contribution of the five variables. Attitudes significantly contributed to the variance, F(1, 90) =4.865; p =.03; spiritual beliefs, though not statistically significant, had clinical significance. The unique contributions of this study are the separation of the variable attitudes from beliefs and knowledge, which independently explained HSB. Spiritual beliefs and attitudes are critical in developing appropriate HIV/AIDS interventions. Furthermore, the HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs Patient Questionnaire provides a valid means for measuring attitudes, beliefs and knowledge of HIV/AIDS for use in future research. PMID:20740045

  11. Conspiracy beliefs and knowledge about HIV origins among adolescents in Soweto, South Africa.

    PubMed

    Hogg, Robert; Nkala, Busisiwe; Dietrich, Janan; Collins, Alexandra; Closson, Kalysha; Cui, Zishan; Kanters, Steve; Chia, Jason; Barhafuma, Bernard; Palmer, Alexis; Kaida, Angela; Gray, Glenda; Miller, Cari

    2017-01-01

    We examined adolescents' knowledge regarding the origin of HIV/AIDS and correlates of beliefs surrounding conspiracy theories in Soweto, South Africa. Now, a decade post-AIDS denialism, South Africa has the largest antiretroviral therapy roll-out worldwide. However, conspiracy theories stemming from past AIDS denialism may impact HIV prevention and treatment efforts. Study participants were recruited through the Kganya Motsha Adolescent Health Centre and the Perinatal HIV Research Unit's Botsha Bophelo Adolescent Health Study (BBAHS). Adolescents were eligible to participate if aged 14-19 years and living in Soweto. We calculated the proportion of adolescents who correctly believed that HIV originated from non-human primates, and used contingency table analysis and logistic regression modeling to describe correlates associated with accurate knowledge and beliefs in conspiracy theories. Of 830 adolescents, 168 (20.2%) participants correctly identified HIV as originating from chimpanzees and one third (n = 71, 8.6%) believed in a conspiracy theory about the origins of HIV, including that it originated from the US government (2.3%), the pharmaceutical industry (2.2%), a vaccine (2.1%), space (1.5%), and a scientist (0.6%). Participants who were more likely to correctly identify the origin of HIV were older, men, and unemployed. Participants who were men, unemployed or students, and who had a parent or close relative who had died of HIV, were more likely to believe in a conspiracy theory regarding the origins of HIV. Adolescents living in Soweto did not have high levels of accurate knowledge regarding the origins of HIV/AIDS and conspiracy beliefs were present among a small minority of participants. Accurate knowledge of the origins of HIV and debunking myths are important for improving uptake of HIV prevention tools in this population.

  12. Conspiracy beliefs and knowledge about HIV origins among adolescents in Soweto, South Africa

    PubMed Central

    Nkala, Busisiwe; Dietrich, Janan; Collins, Alexandra; Closson, Kalysha; Cui, Zishan; Kanters, Steve; Chia, Jason; Barhafuma, Bernard; Palmer, Alexis; Kaida, Angela; Gray, Glenda; Miller, Cari

    2017-01-01

    Purpose We examined adolescents’ knowledge regarding the origin of HIV/AIDS and correlates of beliefs surrounding conspiracy theories in Soweto, South Africa. Now, a decade post-AIDS denialism, South Africa has the largest antiretroviral therapy roll-out worldwide. However, conspiracy theories stemming from past AIDS denialism may impact HIV prevention and treatment efforts. Methods Study participants were recruited through the Kganya Motsha Adolescent Health Centre and the Perinatal HIV Research Unit’s Botsha Bophelo Adolescent Health Study (BBAHS). Adolescents were eligible to participate if aged 14–19 years and living in Soweto. We calculated the proportion of adolescents who correctly believed that HIV originated from non-human primates, and used contingency table analysis and logistic regression modeling to describe correlates associated with accurate knowledge and beliefs in conspiracy theories. Results Of 830 adolescents, 168 (20.2%) participants correctly identified HIV as originating from chimpanzees and one third (n = 71, 8.6%) believed in a conspiracy theory about the origins of HIV, including that it originated from the US government (2.3%), the pharmaceutical industry (2.2%), a vaccine (2.1%), space (1.5%), and a scientist (0.6%). Participants who were more likely to correctly identify the origin of HIV were older, men, and unemployed. Participants who were men, unemployed or students, and who had a parent or close relative who had died of HIV, were more likely to believe in a conspiracy theory regarding the origins of HIV. Conclusions Adolescents living in Soweto did not have high levels of accurate knowledge regarding the origins of HIV/AIDS and conspiracy beliefs were present among a small minority of participants. Accurate knowledge of the origins of HIV and debunking myths are important for improving uptake of HIV prevention tools in this population. PMID:28151937

  13. Skepticism and Denial: Drawing a line

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Byrne, J. M.; Brown, M. B.; Peacock, K.

    2016-12-01

    Climate denialism is distinct from a merely skeptical attitude towards generally accepted views in climate science. But drawing the line between them takes care—there are similarities between skepticism and denial, including a shared reluctance to accept conclusions that nearly all qualified scientists take to be well-justified. Here we will explore both how to draw the line, and how to effectively communicate the differences between denial and skepticism. Identifying which of these two terms best describes someone's attitude turns on whether they reject a generally accepted view based on a `high threshold' for acceptance of conclusions in general, or from a preference that the conclusion in question be false. In most cases, denialism manifests in disregard and mistreatment of evidence, including selective quotation, credulous endorsement of bad sources and incredulous rejection of good sources. Historically, current accepted views became dominant as alternatives were excluded and arguments supporting current views accumulated. The accumulated record of evidence and successful application of those views sets a high bar for proposed alternatives to them. Pure skeptics may refuse to endorse generally accepted views without rejecting or distorting the strong evidence for those views, and typically support policy responses based on the implications of that evidence. But deniers who reject scientific conclusions reject the evidence for those views while endorsing views that a true skeptic would regard as less plausible and well-supported than the accepted views. Thus motivated cognition is the key to defining denial. Pascal's famous argument for belief in God illustrates the problem: even assuming God's existence to be extremely improbable, the expected value of believing is far higher than the expected value of disbelieving. But Pascal's argument undermines its own methodology: without reasons to rely on beliefs as reliable guides to successful action, cost

  14. Struggling with growing bodies within silence and denial: Perspectives of HIV and AIDS among youth in Rural Zimbabwe

    PubMed Central

    Chikovore, Jeremiah; Nystrom, Lennarth; Lindmark, Gunilla; Ahlberg, Beth Maina

    2013-01-01

    Concerns regarding HIV and AIDS were elicited from 546 school youth (51% female, age range 9–25 years) in a Zimbabwean rural district, through a self-generated question writing process. Concerns emerged around how to avoid infection at a time when they were undergoing secondary sexual development, had growing feelings for love and were even engaging in sexual activity, but had limited access to preventive methods due to denial by the adult world. Fears were expressed regarding how to tell one’s HIV status, even just after sex. HIV and AIDS were visualised in terms of suffering, loneliness, quarantine and death. The youth stressed they would have difficulties communicating with other people should they suspect or find they are infected with HIV, as this would imply they had been sexually active. They seemed to have knowledge around HIV and AIDS that either was incomplete, or they could not apply given a context of silence and denial around their sexuality. Some of the knowledge was coloured with misconceptions, suggesting contradictory information from multiple sources. After more than two decades, the scenario portrayed raises questions about interventions targeting young people. The question is why is their situation in this state when several stakeholders are actively participating in debates and interventions around their well-being? Campaigns and interventions may need to consider young people’s complex social contexts, the factors generating and sustaining their situation, and what role diverse actors and social change processes play in this. PMID:23814546

  15. Examining the Effectiveness of Climate Change Frames in the Face of a Climate Change Denial Counter-Frame.

    PubMed

    McCright, Aaron M; Charters, Meghan; Dentzman, Katherine; Dietz, Thomas

    2016-01-01

    Prior research on the influence of various ways of framing anthropogenic climate change (ACC) do not account for the organized ACC denial in the U.S. media and popular culture, and thus may overestimate these frames' influence in the general public. We conducted an experiment to examine how Americans' ACC views are influenced by four promising frames for urging action on ACC (economic opportunity, national security, Christian stewardship, and public health)-when these frames appear with an ACC denial counter-frame. This is the first direct test of how exposure to an ACC denial message influences Americans' ACC views. Overall, these four positive frames have little to no effect on ACC beliefs. But exposure to an ACC denial counter-frame does significantly reduce respondents' belief in the reality of ACC, belief about the veracity of climate science, awareness of the consequences of ACC, and support for aggressively attempting to reduce our nation's GHG emissions in the near future. Furthermore, as expected by the Anti-Reflexivity Thesis, exposure to the ACC denial counter-frame has a disproportionate influence on the ACC views of conservatives (than on those of moderates and liberals), effectively activating conservatives' underlying propensity for anti-reflexivity. Copyright © 2015 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

  16. Myths or theories? Alternative beliefs about HIV and AIDS in South African working class communities.

    PubMed

    Dickinson, David

    2013-09-01

    Despite three decades of public health promotion based on the scientific explanation of HIV/AIDS, alternative explanations of the disease continue to circulate. While these are seen as counter-productive to health education efforts, what is rarely analysed is their plurality and their tenacity. This article analyses the 'AIDS myths' collected by African HIV/AIDS workplace peer educators during an action research project. These beliefs about HIV/AIDS are organised, in this article, around core ideas that form the basis of 'folk' and 'lay theories' of HIV/AIDS. These constitute non-scientific explanations of HIV/AIDS, with folk theories drawing on bodies of knowledge that are independent of HIV/AIDS while lay theories are generated in response to the disease. A categorisation of alternative beliefs about HIV/AIDS is presented which comprises three folk theories - African traditional beliefs, Christian theology, and racial conspiracy - and three lay theories, all focused on avoiding HIV infection. Using this schema, the article describes how the plausibility of these alternative theories of HIV/AIDS lies not in their scientific validity, but in the robustness of the core idea at the heart of each folk or lay theory. Folk and lay theories of HIV/AIDS are also often highly palatable in that they provide hope and comfort in terms of prevention, cure, and the allocation of blame. This study argue that there is coherence and value to these alternative HIV/AIDS beliefs which should not be dismissed as ignorance, idle speculation or simple misunderstandings. A serious engagement with folk and lay theories of HIV/AIDS helps explain the continued circulation of alternative beliefs of HIV/AIDS and the slow uptake of behavioural change messages around the disease.

  17. Conspiracy beliefs about HIV/AIDS among HIV-positive African-American patients in rural Alabama.

    PubMed

    Zekeri, Andrew A; Habtemariam, Tsegaye; Tameru, Berhanu; Ngawa, David; Robnett, Vinaida

    2009-04-01

    This is apparently the first survey examining endorsement of HIV/ AIDS conspiracy beliefs and their relations to educational attainment among 205 HIV-positive African-American patients receiving care at an AIDS Outreach Organization in Alabama. 31% somewhat or strongly believed that, "AIDS is a form o genocide against African Americans," 29% strongly agreed that "AIDS was created by the government to control the black population," 56.1% agreed that the government is withholding a cure for AIDS, and 69.8% agreed that the government is withholding information about the disease from the public. 52% agreed that "HIV is a manmade virus," and 43.1% that "AIDS was produced in the governments laboratory." Respondents with high school or college education were less likely to endorse conspiracy liefs. Being open and sensitive to questions about conspiracy beliefs plus understanding the historical roots and social context from which such questions arise in African-American communities is needed to counter such beliefs.

  18. Relationship of African Americans' sociodemographic characteristics to belief in conspiracies about HIV/AIDS and birth control.

    PubMed Central

    Bogart, Laura M.; Thorburn, Sheryl

    2006-01-01

    Although prior research shows that substantial proportions of African Americans hold conspiracy beliefs, little is known about the subgroups of African Americans most likely to endorse such beliefs. We examined the relationship of African Americans' sociodemographic characteristics to their conspiracy beliefs about HIV/AIDS and birth control. Anonymous telephone surveys were conducted with a targeted random-digit-dial sample of 500 African Americans (15-44 years) in the contiguous United States. Respondents reported agreement with statements capturing beliefs in HIV/AIDS conspiracies (one scale) and birth control conspiracies (two scales). Sociodemographic variables included gender, age, education, employment, income, number of people income supports, number of living children, marital/cohabitation status, religiosity and black identity. Multivariate analyses indicated that stronger HIV/AIDS conspiracy beliefs were significantly associated with male gender, black identity and lower income. Male gender and lower education were significantly related to black genocide conspiracy beliefs, and male gender and high religiosity were significantly related to contraceptive safety conspiracy beliefs. The set of sociodemographic characteristics explained a moderately small amount of the variance in conspiracy beliefs regarding HIV/AIDS (R2 range=0.07-0.12) and birth control (R2 range=0.05-0.09). Findings suggest that conspiracy beliefs are not isolated to specific segments of the African-American population. PMID:16895286

  19. Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices about HIV/AIDS in Kuwait.

    PubMed

    al-Owaish, R; Moussa, M A; Anwar, S; al-Shoumer, H; Sharma, P

    1999-04-01

    This survey is aimed at assessing knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices in Kuwait regarding AIDS/HIV. Structured face-to-face interviews were conducted during the year 1995 on a sample of 2,219 subjects, aged 18 to 60, health professionals were excluded. The survey instrument included 26 questions on AIDS/HIV knowledge, 6 about attitudes and beliefs, and 6 about behavior and practice. The remaining 22 items dealt with sociodemographic characteristics, role of religion, source of information, and satisfaction about AIDS control programs. Two thirds of subjects had good knowledge about the main modes of HIV/AIDS transmission. Using a multiple regression model, the knowledge score was positively associated with level of education, age, years of hearing about AIDS, and socioeconomic status. The multiple logistic regression showed that subjects tend not to change their behavior related to AIDS if they were less than 40 years old, had low education, were females, single, had a lower socioeconomic status, had heard about AIDS for less than 3 years, and had a low level of knowledge about AIDS. More than half of the participants were satisfied with the government's action for AIDS prevention. The majority of subjects thought that religion was important in dealing with daily life problems. In conclusion, while most of the people in Kuwait were aware of the main modes of AIDS transmission, a gap existed about modes that did not transmit the disease. This was reflected in their attitudes and practice toward AIDS patients. The study calls for a greater role for medical professionals, mass media, and religion in AIDS prevention and control.

  20. HIV/AIDS fatalism, beliefs and prevention indicators in Gabon:comparisons between Gabonese and Malians.

    PubMed

    Hess, Rosanna F; Mbavu, Martin

    2010-06-01

    HIV/AIDS fatalism may impact on individuals' health-seeking behaviour and HIV-prevention efforts. This descriptive study measured levels of HIV/AIDS fatalism and documented HIV/AIDS beliefs and practices among a sample of Gabonese and Malians living in Gabon, West Africa. The Powe Fatalism Inventory-HIV/AIDS version was used to measure levels of fatalism, while a short-answer survey was used to document personal beliefs and behaviours related to HIV and AIDS among 160 people in Gabon. The mean score of HIV/AIDS fatalism for the total sample was 6.8 on a 15-point scale. Malians had a more fatalistic outlook than Gabonese (mean scores 9.4 versus 5.3), Muslims were more fatalistic than persons of other religions (mean scores 9.2 versus 5.3), while healthcare providers were less fatalistic than non-providers (mean scores 3.8 versus 7.4). People that did not believe that HIV/AIDS is a punishment from God had a lower mean score of fatalism than those who did. Most of the sample believed that AIDS is a real disease, and most did not think that only immoral people discuss HIV and AIDS. The HIV-prevention indicators that related to lower scores of fatalism included knowing HIV-positive people, having had more years of formal education, a willingness to disclose one's HIV status (if known), and experience of HIV/AIDS education. Respondents who had tested for HIV were no less fatalistic than those who had never tested. The findings provide data from a part of the world where HIV/AIDS beliefs have rarely been documented. The results indicate a need for additional studies on correlations between HIV/ AIDS fatalism, HIV-prevention behaviours, and religious belief systems.

  1. AIDS radio triggers.

    PubMed

    Elias, A M

    1991-07-01

    In April 1991, the Ethnic Communities' Council of NSW was granted funding under the Community AIDS Prevention and Education Program through the Department of Community Services and Health, to produce a series of 6x50 second AIDS radio triggers with a 10-second tag line for further information. The triggers are designed to disseminate culturally-sensitive information about HIV/AIDS in English, Italian, Greek, Spanish, Khmer, Turkish, Macedonian, Serbo-Croatian, Arabic, Cantonese, and Vietnamese, with the goal of increasing awareness and decreasing the degree of misinformation about HIV/AIDS among people of non-English-speaking backgrounds through radio and sound. The 6 triggers cover the denial that AIDS exists in the community, beliefs that words and feelings do not protect one from catching HIV, encouraging friends to be compassionate, compassion within the family, AIDS information for a young audience, and the provision of accurate and honest information on HIV/AIDS. The triggers are slated to be completed by the end of July 1991 and will be broadcast on all possible community, ethnic, and commercial radio networks across Australia. They will be available upon request in composite form with an information kit for use by health care professionals and community workers.

  2. Exploring the relationship of conspiracy beliefs about HIV/AIDS to sexual behaviors and attitudes among African-American adults.

    PubMed Central

    Bogart, Laura M.; Bird, Sheryl Thorburn

    2003-01-01

    Conspiracy beliefs about HIV/AIDS have been endorsed by significant percentages of African Americans in prior research. However, almost no research has investigated the relationship of such beliefs to behaviors and attitudes relevant to HIV risk. In the present exploratory study, 71 African-American adults (aged 18-45; 61% female) in the United States participated in a national, cross-sectional telephone survey examining the relationship of HIV/AIDS conspiracy beliefs to sexual attitudes and behaviors. Results indicated significant associations between endorsement of a general HIV/AIDS government conspiracy and negative beliefs regarding condoms and greater numbers of sexual partners. Endorsement of HIV/AIDS treatment conspiracies was related to positive attitudes about condoms and greater condom use intentions. Findings suggest that conspiracy beliefs have implications for HIV prevention in African-American communities. PMID:14651372

  3. Global Warming Denial: The Human Brain on Extremes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Marrouch, N.; Johnson, B. T.; Slawinska, J. M.

    2016-12-01

    Future assessments of climate change rely on multi-model intercomparisons, and projections of the extreme events frequency are of particular interest as associated with significant economic costs and social threats. Notably, systematically simulated increases in the number of extreme weather events agree well with observational data over the last decade. At the same time, as the climate grows more volatile, widespread denial of climate change and its anthropocentric causes continues to proliferate (based on nationally representative U.S. polls). Simultaneous increases in both high-impact exposure and its denial is in stark contrast with our knowledge of socio-natural dynamics and its models. Disentangling this paradox requires an understanding of the origins of global warming denial at an individual level, and how subsequently it propagates across social networks of many scales, shaping global policies. However, as the real world and its dynamical models are complex (high-dimensional and coupled), separating the particular feedback of interest remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate this feedback in a controlled experiment, where increasing unpredictability using helplessness-training paradigms induces changes in global warming denial, and the endorsement of conservative ideology. We explain these results in the context of evolutionary theory framing self-deception and denial as remnants of evolutionary processes that shaped and facilitated the survival of the human species. Further we link these findings to changes in neural and higher-level cognitive processes in response to unpredictable stimuli. We argue that climate change denial is an example of an extreme belief system that carries the potential to threaten the wellbeing of both humans and other species alike. It is therefore crucial to better quantify climate denial using social informatics tools that provide the means to improve its representations in coupled socio-geophysical models to mitigate its

  4. Qualitative interviews on the beliefs and feelings of adults towards their ownership, but non-use of hearing aids.

    PubMed

    Linssen, Anouk M; Joore, Manuela A; Minten, Rianne K H; van Leeuwen, Yvonne D; Anteunis, Lucien J C

    2013-10-01

    Up to a quarter of the adults who own hearing aids never use them. To provide these 'non-users' with the best help, hearing care professionals need to have an in-depth understanding of the non-users' beliefs and feelings with regard to the non-use. This qualitative study explored these beliefs and feelings in order to increase our understanding of hearing aid non-users. Individual face-to-face semi-structured interviews were completed. Eleven hearing aid owners (aged 54-80 years) who reported that they never or hardly ever used their hearing aids. The participants expressed a variety of feelings towards their non-use, including indifference, self-annoyance, frustration, powerlessness, shame, and guilt. Their feelings were related to beliefs about: (1) the severity of their hearing handicap with and without hearing aids, (2) whom or what was responsible for the non-use, and (3) the attitudes of significant others towards the non-use. Hearing-aid non-users differ in their beliefs and feelings towards the non-use. A patient-centred approach is needed.

  5. At risk, infected, and invisible: older gay men and HIV/AIDS.

    PubMed

    Grossman, A H

    1995-01-01

    Older gay men over the age of 50 have been and continue to be an invisible part of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The reasons for this phenomenon are many, but among them are societal beliefs, myths, and stereotypes emanating from ageism and homophobia. In addition, HIV/AIDS is sometimes misdiagnosed in older adults because many of its symptoms mimic other illness that affect older people. Among the HIV risk factors of older gay men are internalized homophobia, denial of risk, alcohol and other substance use, and anonymous sexual encounters. The challenge for nurses and other providers is to reach, educate, and assist older gay men effectively in changing and maintaining safe behaviors when they are engaging in sexual and drug-using behaviors that can transmit HIV.

  6. Young people's mental health first aid intentions and beliefs prospectively predict their actions: findings from an Australian National Survey of Youth.

    PubMed

    Yap, Marie Bee Hui; Jorm, Anthony Francis

    2012-04-30

    Little is known about whether mental health first aid knowledge and beliefs of young people actually translate into actual behavior. This study examined whether young people's first aid intentions and beliefs predicted the actions they later took to help a close friend or family member with a mental health problem. Participants in a 2006 national survey of Australian youth (aged 12-25 years) reported on their first aid intentions and beliefs based on one of four vignettes: depression, depression with alcohol misuse, psychosis, and social phobia. At a two-year follow-up interview, they reported on actions they had taken to help any family member or close friend with a problem similar to the vignette character since the initial interview. Of the 2005 participants interviewed at follow-up, 608 reported knowing someone with a similar problem. Overall, young people's first aid intentions and beliefs about the helpfulness of particular first aid actions predicted the actions they actually took to assist a close other. However, the belief in and intention to encourage professional help did not predict subsequent action. Findings suggest that young people's mental health first aid intentions and beliefs may be valid indicators of their subsequent actions. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  7. HIV/AIDS conspiracy beliefs and intention to adopt preexposure prophylaxis among black men who have sex with men in Los Angeles.

    PubMed

    Brooks, Ronald A; Allen, Vincent C; Regan, Rotrease; Mutchler, Matt G; Cervantes-Tadeo, Ramon; Lee, Sung-Jae

    2018-03-01

    In the United States, black men who have sex with men (MSM) are the group most affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an important new HIV prevention strategy that may help reduce new HIV infections among black MSM. This analysis examined the association between HIV/AIDS conspiracy beliefs and intentions to adopt PrEP among 224 black MSM. The likelihood of adopting PrEP was assessed and more than half (60%) of the study population indicated a high intention to adopt PrEP. HIV/AIDS genocidal and treatment-related conspiracies were assessed using scales previously validated with black MSM. Almost two-thirds (63%) endorsed at least one of eight HIV/AIDS conspiracy beliefs presented. In multivariable analyses, black MSM who agreed with the genocidal or treatment-related conspiracy beliefs scales had a lower intention to adopt PrEP (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.54, 0.99 and AOR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.23, 0.55, respectively). Our findings indicate that preexisting HIV/AIDS conspiracy beliefs may deter some black MSM from adopting PrEP. We suggest strategies PrEP implementers may want to employ to address the influence that HIV/AIDS conspiracy beliefs may have on the adoption of PrEP among black MSM, a population disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS.

  8. Illness Denial in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Function of Left Hemisphere Dominance

    PubMed Central

    Gerretsen, Philip; Menon, Mahesh; Chakravarty, M. Mallar; Lerch, Jason P; Mamo, David C.; Remington, Gary; Pollock, Bruce G; Graff-Guerrero, Ariel

    2014-01-01

    Impaired illness awareness or anosognosia is a common, but poorly understood feature of schizophrenia that contributes to medication nonadherence and poor treatment outcomes. Here we present a functional imaging study to measure brain activity at the moment of illness denial. To accomplish this, participants with schizophrenia (n = 18) with varying degrees of illness awareness were confronted with their illness beliefs while undergoing functional MRI. To link structure with function, we explored the relationships among impaired illness awareness and brain activity during the illness denial task with cortical thickness (CT). Impaired illness awareness was associated with increased brain activity in the left temporoparietooccipital junction (TPO) and left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) at the moment of illness denial. Brain activity in the left mPFC appeared to be a function of participants’ degree of self-reflectiveness, while the activity in the left TPO was associated with cortical thinning in this region and more specific to illness denial. Participants with impaired illness awareness had slower response times to illness related stimuli than those with good illness awareness. Increased left hemisphere brain activity in association with illness denial is consistent with the literature in other neuropsychiatric conditions attributing anosognosia or impaired illness awareness to left hemisphere dominance. The TPO and mPFC may represent putative targets for non-invasive treatment interventions, such as transcranial magnetic or direct current stimulation. PMID:25209949

  9. Exploring the existential function of religion and supernatural agent beliefs among Christians, Muslims, atheists, and agnostics.

    PubMed

    Vail, Kenneth E; Arndt, Jamie; Abdollahi, Abdolhossein

    2012-10-01

    Building on research suggesting one primary function of religion is the management of death awareness, the present research explored how supernatural beliefs are influenced by the awareness of death, for whom, and how individuals' extant beliefs determine which god(s), if any, are eligible to fulfill that function. In Study 1, death reminders had no effect among Atheists, but enhanced Christians' religiosity, belief in a higher power, and belief in God/Jesus and enhanced denial of Allah and Buddha. Similarly, death reminders increased Muslims' religiosity and belief in a higher power, and led to greater belief in Allah and denial of God/Jesus and Buddha (Study 2). Finally, in Study 3, death reminders motivated Agnostics to increase their religiosity, belief in a higher power, and their faith in God/Jesus, Buddha, and Allah. The studies tested three potential theoretical explanations and were consistent with terror management theory's worldview defense hypothesis. Theoretical implications are discussed.

  10. Avoidance Denial versus Optimistic Denial in Reaction to the Threat of Future Cardiovascular Disease

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Thompson, Suzanne C.; Ting, Sarah A.

    2012-01-01

    Two distinctly different denial-based threat orientations (avoidance denial and optimistic denial) were examined using a message about the future risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) for young adults. Participants (N = 101) completed measures of denial-based dispositional threat orientations, current eating, comparative risk, and objective risk…

  11. Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices about HIV/AIDS among the overseas job seekers in Bangladesh.

    PubMed

    Rahman, M; Shimu, T A; Fukui, T; Shimbo, T; Yamamoto, W

    1999-01-01

    A study of the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices (KABP) relating to HIV/AIDS was conducted among people from Bangladesh seeking work overseas (N = 300), during February, 1997 and March, 1997. Only 26% of the respondents knew of AIDS and out of 13 basic facts concerning HIV/AIDS the mean score of the sample was 1.63 correct responses. Most of those who knew of HIV had some false beliefs about the mode of HIV transmission, for example, believing that HIV could be contracted by touching an AIDS patient, or sharing bathing facilities or eating utensils. Sex with brothel-based commercial sex workers (100%), sharing contaminated needles (93.6%) and blood transfusion from infected individuals (93.6%) were seen as the main route of HIV transmission. Printed media (69%) was the main source of AIDS information. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that having a non-agricultural occupation (P < 0.04), being resident in Dhaka, Chandpur, Noakhali, Comilla, and Chittagong (P < 0.01), being in the habit of reading newspapers (P < 0.05), using condoms (P < 0.04), having heard about condoms (P < 0.003), having seen condoms (P < 0.005) and knowing where to buy condoms (P < 0.0005) were significantly associated with AIDS awareness. There is insufficient AIDS awareness among overseas job seekers which calls for public initiatives to provide AIDS information to them before they leave Bangladesh to work abroad.

  12. Denial of flood aid to members of the Ahmadiyya Muslim community in Pakistan.

    PubMed

    Malik, Atif M

    2011-07-14

    During the catastrophic floods of 2010 in Pakistan, approximately 500 internally displaced families belonging to the Ahmadiyya sect of Islam were denied humanitarian relief. The failure of international agencies and Pakistan's government to protect basic human rights in the context of disaster relief raises profound questions. If all humanitarian work associated with natural disasters must be governed by canons of human rights, how should international agencies deal with legally empowered official discrimination? A review of the history of the Ahmadiyya community in Pakistan reveals decades of state-sanctioned persecution, particularly through its anti-blasphemy laws, and poses a serious challenge to the international community. When effective intervention is predicated on cooperation with state institutions, how can international relief agencies avoid becoming implicated in official discrimination? The denial of flood aid to Pakistan's Ahmadiyya community highlights the need for concerted action in disaster settings to prevent discrimination against vulnerable groups. Discriminatory legislation is not only a violation of basic norms enshrined in international compacts, it is a key problem for disaster relief. Copyright © 2011 Malik. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

  13. Polish Adolescents and Their Beliefs and Attitudes to HIV/AIDS and Sexual Relationships

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ganczak, Maria; Boron-Kaczmarska, Anna; Leszczyszyn-Pynka, Magdalena; Szych, Zbigniew

    2005-01-01

    The aim of the study was to survey the needs for HIV/AIDS educational interventions and attitudes and beliefs concerning HIV infection, including sexual relationships, among 17-year-old Polish adolescents. A total of 761 students who attended schools located in urban and rural areas was surveyed. The study, based on the voluntary, self-completed,…

  14. Belief in AIDS-Related Conspiracy Theories and Mistrust in the Government: Relationship With HIV Testing Among At-Risk Older Adults

    PubMed Central

    Ford, Chandra L.

    2013-01-01

    Purpose: One in 4 persons living with HIV/AIDS is an older adult (age 50 or older); unfortunately, older adults are disproportionately diagnosed in late stages of HIV disease. Psychological barriers, including belief in AIDS-related conspiracy theories (e.g., HIV was created to eliminate certain groups) and mistrust in the government, may influence whether adults undergo HIV testing. We examined relationships between these factors and recent HIV testing among at-risk, older adults. Design and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among older adults enrolled in a large venue–based study. None had a previous diagnosis of HIV/AIDS; all were seeking care at venues with high HIV prevalence. We used multiple logistic regression to estimate the associations between self-reported belief in AIDS-related conspiracy theories, mistrust in the government, and HIV testing performed within the past 12 months. Results: Among the 226 participants, 30% reported belief in AIDS conspiracy theories, 72% reported government mistrust, and 45% reported not undergoing HIV testing within the past 12 months. Belief in conspiracy theories was positively associated with recent HIV testing (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05–3.60), whereas mistrust in the government was negatively associated with testing (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.26–0.73). Implications: Psychological barriers are prevalent among at-risk older adults seeking services at venues with high HIV prevalences and may influence HIV testing. Identifying particular sources of misinformation and mistrust would appear useful for appropriate targeting of HIV testing strategies. PMID:23362210

  15. Peer mentorship program on HIV/AIDS knowledge, beliefs, and prevention attitudes among orphaned adolescents: an evidence based practice

    PubMed Central

    Nabunya, Proscovia; Ssewamala, Fred M.; Mukasa, Miriam N.; Byansi, William; Nattabi, Jennifer

    2015-01-01

    Adolescents and young adults in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are particularly vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection. Adolescents orphaned as a direct result of HIV/AIDS are at an elevated risk of acquiring HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. However, limited empirical evidence exists on HIV knowledge and prevention programs, especially those designed to address HIV information gaps among adolescents. This study evaluates the effect of a peer mentorship program provided in addition to other supportive services on HIV/AIDS knowledge, beliefs, and prevention attitudes, among school-going orphaned adolescents in southern Uganda. We utilize data from the Bridges to the Future Study, a 5-year longitudinal randomized experimental study funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Out of the 1410 adolescents enrolled in the study (average age = 12.7 at study initiation), 855 of them participated in a nine-session, curriculum based peer mentorship program. We analyzed data collected at baseline and 12-months post intervention initiation. The results from bivariate and regression analysis indicate that, controlling for socioeconomic characteristics, adolescents who participated in a peer mentorship program were more likely than non-participants to report increased scores on HIV/AIDS knowledge(b = .86, 95%CI = .47 – 1.3, p ≤ .001); better scores on desired HIV/AIDS-related beliefs (b = .29, 95%CI = .06 – .52, p ≤ .01); and better scores on HIV/AIDS prevention attitudes (b = .76, 95%CI = .16 – 1.4, p ≤ .01). Overall, the study findings point to the potential role a of peer mentorship program in promoting the much-desired HIV/AIDS knowledge, beliefs, and prevention attitudes among orphaned adolescents. Future programs and policies that support AIDS-orphaned adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa should consider incorporating peer mentoring programs that provide

  16. Conspiracy beliefs about HIV/AIDS and birth control among African Americans: implications for the prevention of HIV, other STIs, and unintended pregnancy.

    PubMed

    Bird, Sheryl Thorburn; Bogart, Laura M

    2005-03-01

    In this article, we examine the potential role that conspiracy beliefs regarding HIV/AIDS (e.g., "HIV is a manmade virus") and birth control (e.g., "The government is trying to limit the Black population by encouraging the use of condoms") play in the prevention of HIV, other STIs, and unintended pregnancies among African Americans in the United States. First, we review prior research indicating that substantial percentages of African Americans endorse conspiracy beliefs about HIV/AIDS and birth control. Next, we present a theoretical framework that suggests how conspiracy beliefs influence sexual behavior and attitudes. We then offer several recommendations for future research. Finally, we discuss the policy and programmatic implications of conspiracy beliefs for the prevention of HIV, other STIs, and unintended pregnancy.

  17. Beliefs and Perception About HIV/AIDS, Self-Efficacy, and HIV Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Young Thai Men Who Have Sex With Men.

    PubMed

    Khumsaen, Natawan; Stephenson, Rob

    2017-04-01

    This study examined the relationships of HIV/AIDS beliefs, self-efficacy for AIDS preventive behaviors, perception of HIV as a chronic disease, and HIV risk behaviors among young Thai men who have sex with men. Participants were recruited for a self-administered anonymous survey through Facebook. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with each of four HIV risk behavior outcomes. Factors associated with sexual risk behaviors included age (18 and 21 years), having a current regular male partner, self-efficacy for AIDS preventive behaviors (self-efficacy in refusing sexual intercourse, self-efficacy in questioning potential sex partners, and self-efficacy in condom use), AIDS health belief (perceived susceptibility to HIV/AIDS, perceived severity of HIV/AIDS, perceived barriers to condom use, and cues to action for HIV/AIDS prevention), and perception of HIV/AIDS as a chronic disease (perceived HIV sero-status disclosure). Knowledge generated from this study has the potential to inform prevention messages for young Thai MSM.

  18. 10 CFR 1303.112 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Denials. 1303.112 Section 1303.112 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1303.112 Denials. (a) When denying a request in any respect, the Board shall notify the requestor of that determination in writing. The types of denials...

  19. 10 CFR 1303.112 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Denials. 1303.112 Section 1303.112 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1303.112 Denials. (a) When denying a request in any respect, the Board shall notify the requestor of that determination in writing. The types of denials...

  20. 10 CFR 1303.112 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Denials. 1303.112 Section 1303.112 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1303.112 Denials. (a) When denying a request in any respect, the Board shall notify the requestor of that determination in writing. The types of denials...

  1. 10 CFR 1303.112 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Denials. 1303.112 Section 1303.112 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1303.112 Denials. (a) When denying a request in any respect, the Board shall notify the requestor of that determination in writing. The types of denials...

  2. 22 CFR 303.11 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Denials. 303.11 Section 303.11 Foreign Relations PEACE CORPS PROCEDURES FOR DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION UNDER THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT § 303.11 Denials. (a) A denial of a written request for a record that complies with the requirements of § 303.8...

  3. 22 CFR 303.11 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Denials. 303.11 Section 303.11 Foreign Relations PEACE CORPS PROCEDURES FOR DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION UNDER THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT § 303.11 Denials. (a) A denial of a written request for a record that complies with the requirements of § 303.8...

  4. Denial: A Bibliography.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pedrini, D. T.; Pedrini, Bonnie C.

    Denial was a mechanism that Sigmund Freud worked with in his clinical practice and in his formulation of personality. He considered denial, e.g., in his papers on Repression (1915) and on Fetishism (1927) in Collected Papers, Volumes IV and V respectively (London: Hogarth and The Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1925 and 1950 respectively). It would…

  5. HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Beliefs Among Haitian Adolescents in Miami-Dade County, Florida

    PubMed Central

    Marcelin, Louis Herns; McCoy, H. Virginia; DiClemente, Ralph J.

    2007-01-01

    This study examined HIV/AIDS knowledge and beliefs in Haitian adolescents in an HIV epicenter, Miami-Dade Florida. This study examined survey data from 300 Haitian adolescents, aged 13 through 18, from both low-and middle-income neighborhoods. A sub-sample of 80 adolescents was selected for in-depth interviews and continuous observations with their families and networks of friends, which added rich descriptions to the quantitative data. Overall knowledge about HIV/AIDS was high with the majority of adolescents identifying unprotected sex and sharing injection drug needles as HIV transmission routes. Moreover, approximately 75% of the adolescents reported condom use as an effective preventive strategy. However, misconceptions that could reduce adolescents' adoption of HIV preventive strategies were also identified. The adolescents' sources for information about HIV/AIDS as well as implications for prevention interventions are discussed. PMID:17502921

  6. Relationship among values, beliefs, norms and ecological behaviour.

    PubMed

    González López, Antonio; Amérigo Cuervo-Arango, María

    2008-11-01

    The present study focuses mainly on the relationship between psychological constructs and ecological behaviour. Empirical analysis links personal values, ecological beliefs, consequences of environmental conditions, denial of ecological obligation, environmental control, personal norms and environment protection behaviour. Survey data from a path analysis of a Spanish sample of 403 individuals were used, showing that ecological beliefs, personal norms and eco-altruistic values have become the main psychological explanatory variables of environment protective behaviour. Ecological beliefs, when measured by the New Ecological Paradigm Scale, affected ecological behaviour decisively. Environmental and altruistic values were shown to be related to moral obligation, and a basic variable to understand behaviour. Personal norm mediated the effects of values and environmental control on ecological behaviour.

  7. AIDS knowledge and beliefs related to blood donation in US adults: results from a national telephone survey.

    PubMed

    Steele, Whitney R; High, Patrick M; Schreiber, George B

    2012-06-01

    Misperceptions about the risk of contracting AIDS from donating blood may be preventing people from donating, while incorrect beliefs about AIDS screening tests or the appropriateness of donating with risk factors may place the blood supply at increased risk. Questions about AIDS transmission and testing and the acceptability of test seeking and donating with risk factors were asked in the National Community Health Survey, a telephone survey of 9859 US adults. Results were weighted to represent the US population. Demographic and donor status (current, lapsed, never) differences in knowledge and attitudes were examined using chi-square and logistic regression. Nearly 25% of respondents thought it was somewhat or very likely that they could get AIDS from donating blood. Almost 80% knew that all blood donations are tested for AIDS, but only 65.5% knew about the test window period. A total of 33.5% felt that it was acceptable to use the blood center for AIDS testing, while 9.1% believed that it was okay for someone to donate even if they had AIDS risk behaviors; all had significant demographic and donor status differences. While there are many factors that prevent people from giving blood, the incorrect belief that it is possible to contract AIDS from donating is likely a barrier to donation. If blood centers dispelled this myth among those who have never donated, especially among minorities, it could be important for recruitment. In addition, our findings indicate that changes to education or recruitment could be needed to discourage test seeking and donations from risky donors. © 2011 American Association of Blood Banks.

  8. Counseling Gay Men with AIDS: Human Dimensions.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Barret, Robert L.

    1989-01-01

    Provides case material that demonstrates the emotional response of homosexual men to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Discusses denial, anger, rage, guilt, and shame experienced by these men with an emphasis on the human dimensions of AIDS. Concludes that most powerful contribution of counselors is their willingness to "be with" persons…

  9. Social Functions of Denial of Death.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Beilin, Robert

    1981-01-01

    Explores the social nature of denial and the functionality of denial in preserving relationships threatened by knowledge of terminal illness. Asserts that denial serves to forestall social withdrawal by the patient and his/her social circle, as well as promoting role enactments necessary to medical treatment. (Author)

  10. Salient beliefs about earthquake hazards and household preparedness.

    PubMed

    Becker, Julia S; Paton, Douglas; Johnston, David M; Ronan, Kevin R

    2013-09-01

    Prior research has found little or no direct link between beliefs about earthquake risk and household preparedness. Furthermore, only limited work has been conducted on how people's beliefs influence the nature and number of preparedness measures adopted. To address this gap, 48 qualitative interviews were undertaken with residents in three urban locations in New Zealand subject to seismic risk. The study aimed to identify the diverse hazard and preparedness-related beliefs people hold and to articulate how these are influenced by public education to encourage preparedness. The study also explored how beliefs and competencies at personal, social, and environmental levels interact to influence people's risk management choices. Three main categories of beliefs were found: hazard beliefs; preparedness beliefs; and personal beliefs. Several salient beliefs found previously to influence the preparedness process were confirmed by this study, including beliefs related to earthquakes being an inevitable and imminent threat, self-efficacy, outcome expectancy, personal responsibility, responsibility for others, and beliefs related to denial, fatalism, normalization bias, and optimistic bias. New salient beliefs were also identified (e.g., preparedness being a "way of life"), as well as insight into how some of these beliefs interact within the wider informational and societal context. © 2013 Society for Risk Analysis.

  11. How peer conversations about HIV/AIDS media messages affect comprehension and beliefs of young South African women

    PubMed Central

    Lubinga, E.; Maes, A.A.; Jansen, C.J.M.

    2016-01-01

    Abstract Most existent research on the effects of interpersonal discussions about health campaign messages is based on surveys. In this study, we analysed actual conversations about an HIV/AIDS poster to find out possible effects. Young South African women in 59 dyads (n = 118) participated in conversations about a deliberately puzzling HIV and AIDS poster that cautioned the target group to be faithful to one sexual partner. We measured their comprehension of the poster and beliefs about the message, before and after the conversations. Overall, actual comprehension (AC) was low, and we observed a large discrepancy between actual and perceived comprehension. In general, conversations did not improve AC. It proved to be even more probable that a correct interpretation before a conversation turned into an incorrect interpretation than the other way around. However, having a well-informed conversation partner increased the chance of acquiring adequate subsequent comprehension. We found, in general, that conversations did not decrease undesirable beliefs. One important undesirable belief even became reinforced after the conversations. Conversations among peers might be valuable in health campaigns, but our study shows that intended positive effects do not automatically follow. PMID:27310424

  12. How peer conversations about HIV/AIDS media messages affect comprehension and beliefs of young South African women.

    PubMed

    Lubinga, E; Maes, A A; Jansen, C J M

    2016-12-01

    Most existent research on the effects of interpersonal discussions about health campaign messages is based on surveys. In this study, we analysed actual conversations about an HIV/AIDS poster to find out possible effects. Young South African women in 59 dyads (n = 118) participated in conversations about a deliberately puzzling HIV and AIDS poster that cautioned the target group to be faithful to one sexual partner. We measured their comprehension of the poster and beliefs about the message, before and after the conversations. Overall, actual comprehension (AC) was low, and we observed a large discrepancy between actual and perceived comprehension. In general, conversations did not improve AC. It proved to be even more probable that a correct interpretation before a conversation turned into an incorrect interpretation than the other way around. However, having a well-informed conversation partner increased the chance of acquiring adequate subsequent comprehension. We found, in general, that conversations did not decrease undesirable beliefs. One important undesirable belief even became reinforced after the conversations. Conversations among peers might be valuable in health campaigns, but our study shows that intended positive effects do not automatically follow.

  13. Science denial as a form of pseudoscience.

    PubMed

    Hansson, Sven Ove

    2017-06-01

    Science denialism poses a serious threat to human health and the long-term sustainability of human civilization. Although it has recently been rather extensively discussed, this discussion has rarely been connected to the extensive literature on pseudoscience and the science-pseudoscience demarcation. This contribution argues that science denialism should be seen as one of the two major forms of pseudoscience, alongside of pseudotheory promotion. A detailed comparison is made between three prominent forms of science denialism, namely relativity theory denialism, evolution denialism, and climate science denialism. Several characteristics are identified that distinguish science denialism from other forms of pseudoscience, in particular its persistent fabrication of fake controversies, the extraordinary male dominance among its activists, and its strong connection with various forms of right-wing politics. It is argued that the scientific response to science denialism has to be conceived with these characteristics in mind. In particular, it is important to expose the fabricated fake controversies for what they are and to reveal how science denialists consistently use deviant criteria of assent to distort the scientific process. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  14. The effects of beliefs about AIDS-related death on quality of life in Chinese married couples with both husband and wife infected with HIV: examining congruence using the actor-partner interdependence model.

    PubMed

    Yu, Nancy Xiaonan

    2017-06-17

    This cross-sectional study examined the actor and partner effects of beliefs about AIDS-related death on quality of life in Chinese married couples in which both were living with HIV. A total of 49 married couples in central China who were both infected with HIV completed measures to assess their beliefs about AIDS-related death and quality of life. In the actor-partner interdependence model, the husband-wife dyad showed congruence in their beliefs about AIDS-related death (r = .40) and quality of life-mental health summary (r = .31), respectively, within the couple. Both actor and partner effects of beliefs about AIDS-related death on the quality of life-mental health summary, rather than the quality of life-physical health summary, were significant within the husband-wife dyad. Our findings indicate the dyadic interdependence of beliefs about AIDS-related death and the quality of life-mental health summary in married couples. Psychosocial interventions that target a reduction of negative death beliefs and enhancement of well-being in the context of HIV should treat the couple as a unit.

  15. Six steps to an effective denials management program.

    PubMed

    Robertson, Brian; Doré, Alexander

    2005-09-01

    The following six steps can help you manage denials management issues in your organization: Create standard definitions of denial types. Establish a denial hierarchy. Establish a centralized denial database. Develop key performance indicators. Build responsibility matrices. Measure, monitor, and take action.

  16. 7 CFR 3801.4 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC § 3801.4 Denials. If the Economics Agencies FOIA Officer... be improper, the Economics Agencies FOIA Officer shall give written notice of denial in accordance...

  17. 7 CFR 3801.4 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC § 3801.4 Denials. If the Economics Agencies FOIA Officer... be improper, the Economics Agencies FOIA Officer shall give written notice of denial in accordance...

  18. 7 CFR 3801.4 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC § 3801.4 Denials. If the Economics Agencies FOIA Officer... be improper, the Economics Agencies FOIA Officer shall give written notice of denial in accordance...

  19. 7 CFR 3801.4 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC § 3801.4 Denials. If the Economics Agencies FOIA Officer... be improper, the Economics Agencies FOIA Officer shall give written notice of denial in accordance...

  20. 7 CFR 3801.4 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC § 3801.4 Denials. If the Economics Agencies FOIA Officer... be improper, the Economics Agencies FOIA Officer shall give written notice of denial in accordance...

  1. Illness denial questionnaire for patients and caregivers.

    PubMed

    Rossi Ferrario, Silvia; Giorgi, Ines; Baiardi, Paola; Giuntoli, Laura; Balestroni, Gianluigi; Cerutti, Paola; Manera, Marina; Gabanelli, Paola; Solara, Valentina; Fornara, Roberta; Luisetti, Michela; Omarini, Pierangela; Omarini, Giovanna; Vidotto, Giulio

    2017-01-01

    Interest in assessing denial is still present, despite the criticisms concerning its definition and measurement. We tried to develop a questionnaire (Illness Denial Questionnaire, IDQ) assessing patients' and caregivers' denial in relation to their illness/disturbance. After a preliminary study, a final version of 24 dichotomous items (true/false) was selected. We hypothesized a theoretical model with three dimensions: denial of negative emotions, resistance to change, and conscious avoidance, the first two composing the actual Denial and the last representing an independent component of the illness denial behavior. The IDQ was administered to 400 subjects (219 patients and 181 caregivers) together with the Anxiety-Depression Questionnaire - Reduced form (AD-R), in order to assess concurrent validity. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency indices (Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω), and test-retest analysis were performed. CFA and internal consistency indices (Cronbach's α: 0.87-0.96) indicated a clear and meaningful three-factor structure of IDQ, for both patients and caregivers. Further analyses showed good concurrent validity, with Denial and its subscale negatively associated with anxiety and depression and avoidance positively associated with anxiety and depression. The IDQ also showed a good stability ( r from 0.71 to 0.87). The IDQ demonstrated good psychometric properties. Denial of negative emotions and resistance to change seem to contribute to a real expression of denial, and conscious avoidance seems to constitute a further step in the process of cognitive-affective elaboration of the illness.

  2. 10 CFR 1303.112 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... respect, the Board shall notify the requestor of that determination in writing. The types of denials... protected by an applicable exemption. (4) A statement that the denial may be appealed under § 1303.114 and a...

  3. 7 CFR 2620.4 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... AIG/PD&RM shall give written notice of denial in accordance with § 1.8(a) of this title. ... AGRICULTURE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC § 2620.4 Denials. If the AIG/PD&RM determines that a...

  4. 7 CFR 2620.4 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... AIG/PD&RM shall give written notice of denial in accordance with § 1.8(a) of this title. ... AGRICULTURE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC § 2620.4 Denials. If the AIG/PD&RM determines that a...

  5. 7 CFR 2620.4 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... AIG/PD&RM shall give written notice of denial in accordance with § 1.8(a) of this title. ... AGRICULTURE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC § 2620.4 Denials. If the AIG/PD&RM determines that a...

  6. 7 CFR 2620.4 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... AIG/PD&RM shall give written notice of denial in accordance with § 1.8(a) of this title. ... AGRICULTURE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC § 2620.4 Denials. If the AIG/PD&RM determines that a...

  7. 7 CFR 2620.4 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... AIG/PD&RM shall give written notice of denial in accordance with § 1.8(a) of this title. ... AGRICULTURE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC § 2620.4 Denials. If the AIG/PD&RM determines that a...

  8. Survey of Parents of Middle/High School Students. Beliefs and Attitudes Regarding HIV/AIDS Prevention Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Rutt, Dan

    This study, commissioned by the Lucas County (Ohio) Health Department, was designed to assess parental beliefs and attitudes related to HIV/AIDS prevention for youth, particularly in middle and high schools. In November 1996, 400 telephone interviews were completed with parents of middle/high school students in Lucas County. Names were randomly…

  9. 7 CFR 3601.5 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denials. 3601.5 Section 3601.5 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PUBLIC INFORMATION § 3601.5 Denials. If the FOIA Coordinator determines that a...

  10. 7 CFR 3404.5 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denials. 3404.5 Section 3404.5 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) COOPERATIVE STATE RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND EXTENSION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PUBLIC INFORMATION § 3404.5 Denials. If the FOIA Coordinator determines...

  11. 7 CFR 3601.5 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Denials. 3601.5 Section 3601.5 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PUBLIC INFORMATION § 3601.5 Denials. If the FOIA Coordinator determines that a...

  12. 8 CFR 103.3 - Denials, appeals, and precedent decisions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denials, appeals, and precedent decisions... POWERS AND DUTIES; AVAILABILITY OF RECORDS § 103.3 Denials, appeals, and precedent decisions. (a) Denials and appeals—(1) General—(i) Denial of application or petition. When a Service officer denies an...

  13. 4 CFR 201.12 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 4 Accounts 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denials. 201.12 Section 201.12 Accounts RECOVERY ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 201.12 Denials. (a) When denying a request in any respect, the Board shall notify the requestor of that determination in writing. The types...

  14. Influence of Web-Aided Cooperative Learning Environment on Motivation and on Self-Efficacy Belief in Biology Teaching

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hevedanli, Murat

    2015-01-01

    The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the web-aided cooperative learning environment on biology preservice teachers' motivation and on their self-efficacy beliefs in biology teaching. The study was carried out with 30 biology preservice teachers attending a state university in Turkey. In the study, the pretest-posttest…

  15. 10 CFR 1703.109 - Procedure for appeal of denial of requests for board records and denial of requests for fee...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Procedure for appeal of denial of requests for board records and denial of requests for fee waiver or reduction. 1703.109 Section 1703.109 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1703.109 Procedure for appeal of denial...

  16. 10 CFR 1703.109 - Procedure for appeal of denial of requests for board records and denial of requests for fee...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Procedure for appeal of denial of requests for board records and denial of requests for fee waiver or reduction. 1703.109 Section 1703.109 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1703.109 Procedure for appeal of denial...

  17. 10 CFR 1703.109 - Procedure for appeal of denial of requests for board records and denial of requests for fee...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Procedure for appeal of denial of requests for board records and denial of requests for fee waiver or reduction. 1703.109 Section 1703.109 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1703.109 Procedure for appeal of denial...

  18. 10 CFR 1703.109 - Procedure for appeal of denial of requests for board records and denial of requests for fee...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Procedure for appeal of denial of requests for board records and denial of requests for fee waiver or reduction. 1703.109 Section 1703.109 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1703.109 Procedure for appeal of denial...

  19. 10 CFR 1703.109 - Procedure for appeal of denial of requests for board records and denial of requests for fee...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedure for appeal of denial of requests for board records and denial of requests for fee waiver or reduction. 1703.109 Section 1703.109 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1703.109 Procedure for appeal of denial...

  20. NELA: A Community Response to HIV/AIDS in Nigeria

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Soyinka, Femi; Ogundare, Dipo; Olowookere, Kemi; Akinsola, Yemisi; Alade, Adeyemi; Moronkola, O. A.

    2004-01-01

    The greatest current threat to humanity, most especially in the developing countries of the world, is HIV/AIDS. The first case of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria was in 1986 in Lagos. Due to inaction and denial by the people, there was a rapid but subtle transmission of the virus within Nigeria's various populations and communities. Presently, the disease has…

  1. Young Children's Understanding of Denial

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Austin, Keith; Theakston, Anna; Lieven, Elena; Tomasello, Michael

    2014-01-01

    Although a fair amount is known about young children's production of negation, little is known about their comprehension. Here, we focus on arguably the most complex basic form, denial, and how young children understand denial, when it is expressed in response to a question with gesture, single word, or sentence. One hundred twenty-six children in…

  2. Zidovudine adherence in persons with AIDS. The relation of patient beliefs about medication to self-termination of therapy.

    PubMed

    Smith, M Y; Rapkin, B D; Morrison, A; Kammerman, S

    1997-04-01

    To examine the relation of patient beliefs about medication usage and adherence to zidovudine (ZDV) therapy in persons with AIDS. Face-to-face interviews were used to determine attitudes of persons with AIDS toward ZDV and other prescribed medications, history of ZDV usage, and sociodemographics. A public hospital infectious disease clinic, an AIDS day care program, and an inpatient unit in a voluntary hospital where care was provided cooperatively by staff and an informal-care partner. One hundred forty-one people with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome agreed to be reinterviewed as part of a longitudinal, New York City-based study examining outcomes related to quality of life. Initial recruitment procedures were to approach all active AIDS patients at each of the three sites between January and July of 1992: reinterviews, which were conducted an average of 6 months later, occurred from mid-1992 through May of 1993. The Zidovudine Drug Attitude Inventory was used to assess subjective feelings and attitudes concerning ZDV and prescribed medications in general. Respondents were grouped into five categories on the basis of their ZDV usage history: (1) "short-term" users (i.e., those who had been taking ZDV for 25 months or less); (2) "long-term" users (i.e., those who had been taking ZDV for more than 25 months); (3) self-terminated users; (4) doctor-terminated users; and (5) never users. Long-term users were likely to view ZDV as an illness prophylactic. In contrast, self-terminated users and never users were most likely to believe that ZDV caused adverse side effects and that medicine need not be taken as prescribed. Patients' beliefs about ZDV were significantly associated with adherence-related behavior. In particular, those who had self-terminated ZDV treatment believed that taking the drug was harmful, were skeptical of its ability to prevent illness, and felt that physician's directives about medication usage in general could be disregarded. These findings

  3. 22 CFR 304.11 - Final denial of claim.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Final denial of claim. 304.11 Section 304.11 Foreign Relations PEACE CORPS CLAIMS AGAINST GOVERNMENT UNDER FEDERAL TORT CLAIMS ACT Procedures § 304.11 Final denial of claim. The General Counsel will send notification of the final denial of an...

  4. 22 CFR 304.11 - Final denial of claim.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Final denial of claim. 304.11 Section 304.11 Foreign Relations PEACE CORPS CLAIMS AGAINST GOVERNMENT UNDER FEDERAL TORT CLAIMS ACT Procedures § 304.11 Final denial of claim. The General Counsel will send notification of the final denial of an...

  5. Denying Denial in Children with Sexual Behavior Problems

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Reicher, Barbara

    2013-01-01

    Denial in some form is almost always present in the assessment and therapy of children with sexual behavior problems. Although it can be a major element in the therapeutic interaction, denial has received scant attention, both in teaching programs and professional literature. It is as if the clinical community is "denying denial."…

  6. Treatment of Holocaust Denial Literature in Association of Research Libraries

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Spidal, Debra F.

    2012-01-01

    Holocaust denial literature has been treated inconsistently in library collections. At one time Holocaust denial literature was classed and subject headings assigned with Holocaust literature. After specific Library of Congress classification numbers and subject headings for Holocaust denial and Holocaust denial literature became available in the…

  7. 22 CFR 1002.9 - Denial of records; review.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2013-04-01 2009-04-01 true Denial of records; review. 1002.9 Section 1002.9 Foreign Relations INTER-AMERICAN FOUNDATION AVAILABILITY OF RECORDS § 1002.9 Denial of records; review. If a request for records is denied, the person who made the request is entitled to have the denial...

  8. Adolescents' attitudes towards AIDS precautions and intention to use condoms.

    PubMed

    Barling, N R; Moore, S M

    1990-12-01

    This study investigated attitudes toward AIDS precautions of 370 15- and 16-yr.-old secondary school students. Attitudes reflected levels of apathy, denial, and confusion high enough to lead to concern for this potentially high-risk group. Intention to use condoms in future sexual encounters was related to sex, conflict and confusion about AIDS precautions, plus other attitudinal variables.

  9. Collateral Damage: Interlibrary Loan Lending Denials

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Leykam, Andrew

    2009-01-01

    The intent of this paper is to explore the potential of utilizing interlibrary loan (ILL) data relating to lending denials to improve ILL services while highlighting institutional policies that have a negative impact on lending fulfillment rates. Reasons for denial as well as the types of requests being denied are reviewed. In addition, the author…

  10. 22 CFR 51.60 - Denial and restriction of passports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Denial and restriction of passports. 51.60 Section 51.60 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.60 Denial and restriction of passports. (a) The Department may not...

  11. 22 CFR 51.60 - Denial and restriction of passports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Denial and restriction of passports. 51.60 Section 51.60 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.60 Denial and restriction of passports. (a) The Department may not...

  12. 22 CFR 51.60 - Denial and restriction of passports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Denial and restriction of passports. 51.60 Section 51.60 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.60 Denial and restriction of passports. (a) The Department may not...

  13. 22 CFR 51.60 - Denial and restriction of passports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Denial and restriction of passports. 51.60 Section 51.60 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.60 Denial and restriction of passports. (a) The Department may not...

  14. 22 CFR 51.60 - Denial and restriction of passports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Denial and restriction of passports. 51.60 Section 51.60 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.60 Denial and restriction of passports. (a) The Department may not...

  15. Climate Change Denial Books and Conservative Think Tanks

    PubMed Central

    Jacques, Peter J.

    2013-01-01

    The conservative movement and especially its think tanks play a critical role in denying the reality and significance of anthropogenic global warming (AGW), especially by manufacturing uncertainty over climate science. Books denying AGW are a crucial means of attacking climate science and scientists, and we examine the links between conservative think tanks (CTTs) and 108 climate change denial books published through 2010. We find a strong link, albeit noticeably weaker for the growing number of self-published denial books. We also examine the national origins of the books and the academic backgrounds of their authors or editors, finding that with the help of American CTTs climate change denial has spread to several other nations and that an increasing portion of denial books are produced by individuals with no scientific training. It appears that at least 90% of denial books do not undergo peer review, allowing authors or editors to recycle scientifically unfounded claims that are then amplified by the conservative movement, media, and political elites. PMID:24098056

  16. Undermining optimistic denial reactions to domestic and campus emergency warning messages.

    PubMed

    Thompson, Suzanne C; Schlehofer, Michele M

    2014-07-01

    Individuals who prepare for public emergencies can mitigate the effects of an incident, but denial of personal susceptibility may reduce the likelihood of preparation. Some denial may be due to a positive self-image that is at odds with being "at risk". The potential for an enhanced warning message that included a positive image of a protector to circumvent this denial was tested in two studies. Optimistic denial threat orientation was measured. Then participants received either a traditional or a positive protector warning message about terrorism (Study 1; nationally representative sample of US adults; N = 587) or campus emergency preparation (Study 2; US college students; N = 179). As predicted, in the enhanced image condition optimistic denial was no longer related to stronger denial reactions and lower intentions to protect oneself. In addition, Study 2 tested explanatory mediators and found that negative perceptions of and low similarity to a protector partially explained the denial of those higher in optimistic denial and why their denial was dampened in the positive image condition. An enhanced message including a positive image of protector may be an effective way to encourage protection for those prone to optimistic denial. © 2014 The International Association of Applied Psychology.

  17. Coding for effective denial management.

    PubMed

    Miller, Jackie; Lineberry, Joe

    2004-01-01

    Nearly everyone will agree that accurate and consistent coding of diagnoses and procedures is the cornerstone for operating a compliant practice. The CPT or HCPCS procedure code tells the payor what service was performed and also (in most cases) determines the amount of payment. The ICD-9-CM diagnosis code, on the other hand, tells the payor why the service was performed. If the diagnosis code does not meet the payor's criteria for medical necessity, all payment for the service will be denied. Implementation of an effective denial management program can help "stop the bleeding." Denial management is a comprehensive process that works in two ways. First, it evaluates the cause of denials and takes steps to prevent them. Second, denial management creates specific procedures for refiling or appealing claims that are initially denied. Accurate, consistent and compliant coding is key to both of these functions. The process of proactively managing claim denials also reveals a practice's administrative strengths and weaknesses, enabling radiology business managers to streamline processes, eliminate duplicated efforts and shift a larger proportion of the staff's focus from paperwork to servicing patients--all of which are sure to enhance operations and improve practice management and office morale. Accurate coding requires a program of ongoing training and education in both CPT and ICD-9-CM coding. Radiology business managers must make education a top priority for their coding staff. Front office staff, technologists and radiologists should also be familiar with the types of information needed for accurate coding. A good staff training program will also cover the proper use of Advance Beneficiary Notices (ABNs). Registration and coding staff should understand how to determine whether the patient's clinical history meets criteria for Medicare coverage, and how to administer an ABN if the exam is likely to be denied. Staff should also understand the restrictions on use of

  18. The Effect of Belief in Free Will on Prejudice

    PubMed Central

    Zhao, Xian; Liu, Li; Zhang, Xiao-xiao; Shi, Jia-xin; Huang, Zhen-wei

    2014-01-01

    The current research examined the role of the belief in free will on prejudice across Han Chinese and white samples. Belief in free will refers to the extent to which people believe human beings truly have free will. In Study 1, the beliefs of Han Chinese people in free will were measured, and their social distances from the Tibetan Chinese were used as an index of ethnic prejudice. The results showed that the more that Han Chinese endorsed the belief in free will, the less that they showed prejudice against the Tibetan Chinese. In Study 2, the belief of the Han Chinese in free will was manipulated, and their explicit feelings towards the Uyghur Chinese were used as an indicator of ethnic prejudice. The results showed that the participants in the condition of belief in free will reported less prejudice towards Uyghur Chinese compared to their counterparts in the condition of disbelief in free will. In Study 3, white peoples’ belief in free will was manipulated, and their pro-black attitudes were measured as an indirect indicator of racial prejudice. The results showed that, compared to the condition of disbelief in free will, the participants who were primed by a belief in free will reported stronger pro-black attitudes. These three studies suggest that endorsement of the belief in free will can lead to decreased ethnic/racial prejudice compared to denial of the belief in free will. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed. PMID:24622280

  19. The effect of belief in free will on prejudice.

    PubMed

    Zhao, Xian; Liu, Li; Zhang, Xiao-xiao; Shi, Jia-xin; Huang, Zhen-wei

    2014-01-01

    The current research examined the role of the belief in free will on prejudice across Han Chinese and white samples. Belief in free will refers to the extent to which people believe human beings truly have free will. In Study 1, the beliefs of Han Chinese people in free will were measured, and their social distances from the Tibetan Chinese were used as an index of ethnic prejudice. The results showed that the more that Han Chinese endorsed the belief in free will, the less that they showed prejudice against the Tibetan Chinese. In Study 2, the belief of the Han Chinese in free will was manipulated, and their explicit feelings towards the Uyghur Chinese were used as an indicator of ethnic prejudice. The results showed that the participants in the condition of belief in free will reported less prejudice towards Uyghur Chinese compared to their counterparts in the condition of disbelief in free will. In Study 3, white peoples' belief in free will was manipulated, and their pro-black attitudes were measured as an indirect indicator of racial prejudice. The results showed that, compared to the condition of disbelief in free will, the participants who were primed by a belief in free will reported stronger pro-black attitudes. These three studies suggest that endorsement of the belief in free will can lead to decreased ethnic/racial prejudice compared to denial of the belief in free will. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

  20. 9 CFR 362.4 - Denial or withdrawal of service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denial or withdrawal of service. 362.4... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION VOLUNTARY POULTRY INSPECTION REGULATIONS § 362.4 Denial or withdrawal of service...) For correctable cause—(1) Basis for denial or withdrawal. An application or request for service may be...

  1. 9 CFR 362.4 - Denial or withdrawal of service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Denial or withdrawal of service. 362.4... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION VOLUNTARY POULTRY INSPECTION REGULATIONS § 362.4 Denial or withdrawal of service...) For correctable cause—(1) Basis for denial or withdrawal. An application or request for service may be...

  2. Relationship Between Health Literacy, Knowledge of Health Status, and Beliefs about HIV/AIDS Transmission among Ryan White Clients in Miami

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mooss, Angela; Brock-Getz, Petra; Ladner, Robert; Fiano, Theresa

    2013-01-01

    Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between health literacy, knowledge of health status, and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) transmission beliefs among recipients of Ryan White care. Design: Quota and convenience sampled, quantitative analysis captured with closed and…

  3. 32 CFR 1645.9 - Statement of reason for denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Statement of reason for denial. 1645.9 Section 1645.9 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense SELECTIVE SERVICE SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION OF MINISTERS OF RELIGION § 1645.9 Statement of reason for denial. (a) Denial of a 4-D claim by a...

  4. 32 CFR 1645.9 - Statement of reason for denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Statement of reason for denial. 1645.9 Section 1645.9 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense SELECTIVE SERVICE SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION OF MINISTERS OF RELIGION § 1645.9 Statement of reason for denial. (a) Denial of a 4-D claim by a...

  5. 32 CFR 1645.9 - Statement of reason for denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Statement of reason for denial. 1645.9 Section 1645.9 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense SELECTIVE SERVICE SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION OF MINISTERS OF RELIGION § 1645.9 Statement of reason for denial. (a) Denial of a 4-D claim by a...

  6. 32 CFR 1645.9 - Statement of reason for denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Statement of reason for denial. 1645.9 Section 1645.9 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense SELECTIVE SERVICE SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION OF MINISTERS OF RELIGION § 1645.9 Statement of reason for denial. (a) Denial of a 4-D claim by a...

  7. 32 CFR 1645.9 - Statement of reason for denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Statement of reason for denial. 1645.9 Section 1645.9 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense SELECTIVE SERVICE SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION OF MINISTERS OF RELIGION § 1645.9 Statement of reason for denial. (a) Denial of a 4-D claim by a...

  8. Belief in Divine Control, Coping, and Race/Ethnicity among Older Women with Breast Cancer

    PubMed Central

    Umezawa, Yoshiko; You, Jin; Kagawa-Singer, Marjorie; Leake, Barbara; Maly, Rose C.

    2013-01-01

    Background Belief in divine control is often assumed to be fatalistic. However, the assumption has rarely been investigated in racial/ethnic minorities. Objectives This study aims to examine the association between belief in divine control and coping and how the association was moderated by ethnicity/acculturation in a multi-ethnic sample of breast cancer patients. Methods Latina, African American, and non-Hispanic White older women with newly diagnosed breast cancer (N=257) from a population-based survey completed the scale of Belief in Divine Control and the Brief COPE. Results Belief in divine control was positively related to approach coping (i.e., positive reframing, active coping, and planning) in all ethnic groups. Belief in divine control was positively related to acceptance and negatively related to avoidance coping (i.e., denial and behavioral disengagement) among low-acculturated Latinas. Conclusions Negative presumptions about fatalistic implications of belief in divine control should be critically reappraised, especially when such skepticism is applied to racial/ethnic minority patients. PMID:22529040

  9. 7 CFR 205.405 - Denial of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... PROVISIONS NATIONAL ORGANIC PROGRAM Certification § 205.405 Denial of certification. (a) When the certifying... organic program. (e) An applicant for certification who has received a written notification of... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denial of certification. 205.405 Section 205.405...

  10. Health behavior theories as predictors of hearing-aid uptake and outcomes.

    PubMed

    Saunders, Gabrielle H; Frederick, Melissa T; Silverman, ShienPei C; Nielsen, Claus; Laplante-Lévesque, Ariane

    2016-07-01

    To understand hearing behaviors of adults seeking help for the first time through the application of two models of health behavior change: the transtheoretical model and the health belief model. The relationships between attitudes and beliefs were examined relative to hearing-aid uptake and outcomes six months later. One hundred and sixty adults completed the University of Rhode Island change assessment (targeting the transtheoretical model), and the hearing beliefs questionnaire (targeting the health belief model), as well as the hearing handicap inventory and the psychosocial impact of hearing loss scale, within two months of an initial hearing assessment. Six months later, participants completed these same questionnaires, while those who had taken up hearing aids also completed hearing-aid outcome questionnaires. (1) Attitudes and beliefs were associated with future hearing-aid uptake, and were effective at modeling this behavior; (2) attitudes and beliefs changed following behavior change, and (3) attitudes and beliefs following behavior change were better predictors of hearing-aid outcomes than pre-behavior change attitudes and beliefs. A counseling-based intervention targeting the attitudes and beliefs assessed by the transtheoretical model and the health belief model has the potential to increase uptake of hearing health care.

  11. Beliefs and Attitudes of Medical Students from Public and Private Universities in Malaysia towards Individuals with HIV/AIDS

    PubMed Central

    Choy, Koh Kwee; Rene, Teh Jae; Khan, Saad Ahmed

    2013-01-01

    We describe the findings from a survey assessing the beliefs regarding testing, confidentiality, disclosure, and environment of care and attitudes towards care of people with HIV/AIDS (PLHWA), in 1020, 4th and 5th year medical students, from public and private medical universities in Malaysia. A self-administered validated questionnaire based on the UNAIDS Model Questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale (5, strongly disagree; 4, disagree; 3, neutral; 2, agree; 1, strongly agree) was used as a survey tool. The survey included demographic data and data on undergraduate training received on HIV/AIDS. Statistical significance in the demographic data and training received by respondents was evaluated using the chi-square test while the independent Student's t-test was used for comparison of means between public and private universities. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant with 95% confidence interval. Our study revealed less than 20% of medical students received adequate training to care for PLHWA. They had prevalent negative beliefs regarding testing, confidentiality, disclosure and environment of care towards PLHWA although in giving care to PLHWA, their attitudes were largely positive and nondiscriminatory. PMID:24285935

  12. Beliefs and attitudes of medical students from public and private universities in Malaysia towards individuals with HIV/AIDS.

    PubMed

    Choy, Koh Kwee; Rene, Teh Jae; Khan, Saad Ahmed

    2013-01-01

    We describe the findings from a survey assessing the beliefs regarding testing, confidentiality, disclosure, and environment of care and attitudes towards care of people with HIV/AIDS (PLHWA), in 1020, 4th and 5th year medical students, from public and private medical universities in Malaysia. A self-administered validated questionnaire based on the UNAIDS Model Questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale (5, strongly disagree; 4, disagree; 3, neutral; 2, agree; 1, strongly agree) was used as a survey tool. The survey included demographic data and data on undergraduate training received on HIV/AIDS. Statistical significance in the demographic data and training received by respondents was evaluated using the chi-square test while the independent Student's t-test was used for comparison of means between public and private universities. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant with 95% confidence interval. Our study revealed less than 20% of medical students received adequate training to care for PLHWA. They had prevalent negative beliefs regarding testing, confidentiality, disclosure and environment of care towards PLHWA although in giving care to PLHWA, their attitudes were largely positive and nondiscriminatory.

  13. 5 CFR 2604.304 - Appeal of denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Appeal of denials. 2604.304 Section 2604.304 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF GOVERNMENT ETHICS ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES FREEDOM OF... Production and Disclosure of Records Under FOIA § 2604.304 Appeal of denials. (a) Right of appeal. If a...

  14. 15 CFR 720.4 - Effect of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Effect of denial. 720.4 Section 720.4 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION REGULATIONS DENIAL OF EXPORT...

  15. 15 CFR 720.4 - Effect of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Effect of denial. 720.4 Section 720.4 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION REGULATIONS DENIAL OF EXPORT...

  16. Defending Science Denial in Cyberspace

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rosenau, J.

    2013-12-01

    Blogs, Facebook, Twitter, and other social media have proven themselves powerful vectors for science denial. Left unchecked, these attacks on foundational sciences like evolution and climate change undermine public confidence in science and spawn attacks on science-based policy and science education. Scientists can blunt such attacks by being vigorous advocates for their own research and their discipline's core findings, by seeking wide and unexpected audiences for discussions of their science, and by understanding and addressing the social, political, and cultural roots of science denial.

  17. Accurate and inaccurate HIV transmission beliefs, stigmatizing and HIV protection motivation in northern Thailand.

    PubMed

    Boer, H; Emons, P A A

    2004-02-01

    We assessed the relation between accurate beliefs about HIV transmission and inaccurate beliefs about HIV transmission and emotional reactions to people with AIDS (PWA) and AIDS risk groups, stigmatizing attitudes and motivation to protect from HIV. In Chiang Rai, northern Thailand, 219 respondents filled in a structured questionnaire assessing accurate and inaccurate HIV transmission beliefs, emotional reactions towards PWA and AIDS risk groups, stigmatizing attitudes and motivation to protect from HIV according to variables from Protection Motivation Theory. Complete accurate beliefs about documented modes of HIV transmission were present in 47% of the respondents, while 26% of the respondents held one or more inaccurate beliefs about HIV transmission. Incomplete beliefs about documented modes of transmission were significantly related to stigmatizing beliefs towards people with AIDS (PWA), to lower vulnerability of HIV infection and lower self-efficacy in protection. Those who held inaccurate beliefs about HIV transmission reported more fear towards PWA and homosexuals and more irritation towards PWA and commercial sex workers. Persons who held inaccurate beliefs about HIV transmission also reported more stigmatizing attitudes, perceived AIDS as less severe, perceived a lower vulnerability and were less motivated to use condoms. Results of this study suggest that inaccurate beliefs about HIV transmission are related to fear and stigmatizing and undermine HIV prevention behaviour.

  18. 49 CFR 22.43 - Approval or denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Approval or denial. 22.43 Section 22.43 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation SHORT-TERM LENDING PROGRAM (STLP) Loan Application Process § 22.43 Approval or denial. If a loan guarantee is approved by DOT OSDBU, a Guarantee Agreement...

  19. 27 CFR 13.23 - Notice of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Notice of denial. 13.23 Section 13.23 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LIQUORS LABELING PROCEEDINGS Applications § 13.23 Notice of denial. Whenever an...

  20. 7 CFR 947.133 - Denial and appeals.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Denial and appeals. 947.133 Section 947.133... Safeguards § 947.133 Denial and appeals. (a) The committee may suspend a handler's Special Purpose...] Effective Date Note: At 65 FR 42278, July 10, 2000, § 947.133 was suspended indefinitely, effective July 1...

  1. Silence speaks volumes: the effectiveness of reticence in comparison to apology and denial for responding to integrity- and competence-based trust violations.

    PubMed

    Ferrin, Donald L; Kim, Peter H; Cooper, Cecily D; Dirks, Kurt T

    2007-07-01

    Prior research on responses to trust violations has focused primarily on the effects of apology and denial. The authors extended this research by studying another type of verbal response that is often used to respond to trust violations but has not been considered in the trust literature: reticence. An accused party may use reticence in a sincere and even legitimate attempt to persuade a trustor to withhold judgment. Yet, by considering information diagnosticity and belief formation mechanisms through which verbal responses influence trust, the authors argue that reticence is a suboptimal response because it combines the least effective elements of apology and denial. Specifically, reticence is a suboptimal response to an integrity violation because, like apology, it fails to address guilt. And reticence is a suboptimal response to a competence violation because, like denial, it fails to signal redemption. Results from 2 laboratory studies, simulating different contexts and using research participants from 2 different countries, provide support for the prediction. The results offer important implications for those who might use reticence to respond to a perceived trust violation and also for those who must judge another's reticence.

  2. On Mitigating Distributed Denial of Service Attacks

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gao, Zhiqiang

    2006-01-01

    Denial of service (DoS) attacks and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks are probably the most ferocious threats in the Internet, resulting in tremendous economic and social implications/impacts on our daily lives that are increasingly depending on the well-being of the Internet. How to mitigate these attacks effectively and efficiently…

  3. 29 CFR 2201.9 - Appeal of denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT § 2201.9 Appeal of denials. A denial of a request for records, either in whole... initial request. The Chairman shall act on the appeal under 5 U.S.C. 552(a)(6)(A)(ii) within 20 working...

  4. 30 CFR 47.87 - Review of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... chemical, the matter will be adjudicated by the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission. The... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Review of denial. 47.87 Section 47.87 Mineral... COMMUNICATION (HazCom) Making HazCom Information Available § 47.87 Review of denial. (a) The health professional...

  5. 9 CFR 352.6 - Denial or withdrawal of inspection service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ...—Basis for denial or withdrawal. An application or request for service may be denied, or the benefits of... complaint in the proceeding, shall briefly set forth the reason for the denial or withdrawal of service... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Denial or withdrawal of inspection...

  6. 9 CFR 352.6 - Denial or withdrawal of inspection service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...—Basis for denial or withdrawal. An application or request for service may be denied, or the benefits of... complaint in the proceeding, shall briefly set forth the reason for the denial or withdrawal of service... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denial or withdrawal of inspection...

  7. 45 CFR 5.34 - Appeal of denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Release and Denial of Records § 5.34 Appeal of denials. (a) Right of appeal. You have the right to appeal... reasons why you believe that the FOIA exemption(s) we cited do not apply to the records that you requested... designated review official will consult with the General Counsel to ensure that the rights and interests of...

  8. Attitudes and beliefs regarding depression, HIV/AIDS and HIV risk-related sexual behaviors among clinically depressed African American adolescent females

    PubMed Central

    Brawner, Bridgette M.

    2012-01-01

    Individuals’ attitudes and beliefs toward behaviors are key indicators of behavioral performance. The purpose of this study was to elucidate attitudes and beliefs about depression, HIV/AIDS and HIV risk-related sexual behaviors among clinically depressed African American adolescent females and to develop an understanding of their context for HIV risk. For this descriptive qualitative inquiry, semi-structured interviews and surveys were employed (N = 24). The narratives reveal that behavioral sequelae of depression (i.e. loneliness) can produce risk for HIV. These findings may guide psychiatric nurse educators, scientists, and practitioners to modify HIV risk among clinically depressed African American adolescent females. PMID:23164403

  9. 15 CFR 904.301 - Bases for permit sanctions or denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Bases for permit sanctions or denials... PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials General § 904.301 Bases for permit sanctions or denials. (a) Unless... under this subpart with respect to any permit issued under the statutes cited in § 904.1(c). The bases...

  10. 25 CFR 170.457 - Can a tribe appeal a denial?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 25 Indians 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Can a tribe appeal a denial? 170.457 Section 170.457... Can a tribe appeal a denial? Yes. If BIA denies a design exception request made by a tribe, the decision may be appealed to FHWA. Tribes may appeal the denial of a design exception to: FHWA, 400 7th St...

  11. 25 CFR 170.457 - Can a tribe appeal a denial?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Can a tribe appeal a denial? 170.457 Section 170.457... Can a tribe appeal a denial? Yes. If BIA denies a design exception request made by a tribe, the decision may be appealed to FHWA. Tribes may appeal the denial of a design exception to: FHWA, 400 7th St...

  12. 25 CFR 170.457 - Can a tribe appeal a denial?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Can a tribe appeal a denial? 170.457 Section 170.457... Can a tribe appeal a denial? Yes. If BIA denies a design exception request made by a tribe, the decision may be appealed to FHWA. Tribes may appeal the denial of a design exception to: FHWA, 400 7th St...

  13. 25 CFR 170.457 - Can a tribe appeal a denial?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 25 Indians 1 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true Can a tribe appeal a denial? 170.457 Section 170.457... Can a tribe appeal a denial? Yes. If BIA denies a design exception request made by a tribe, the decision may be appealed to FHWA. Tribes may appeal the denial of a design exception to: FHWA, 400 7th St...

  14. 34 CFR 5.80 - Review of denial of a record.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... PURSUANT TO PUB. L. 90-23 (Eff. until 7-14-10) Administrative Review § 5.80 Review of denial of a record. This subpart provides for the review of a denial, pursuant to § 5.53, of a written request for... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Review of denial of a record. 5.80 Section 5.80...

  15. Safe Sex and Dangerous Poems: AIDS, Literature and the Gay and Lesbian Community College Student.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Engler, Robert Klein

    Some of the denial and fear that accompanies homosexuality and the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) can be dealt with by discussing the following three issues: the AIDS epidemic, the problems of gay and lesbian community college students, and finally, the teaching of literature--especially poetry. Exploring both poetry and the AIDS…

  16. Denials of Racism in Canadian English Language Textbooks

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gulliver, Trevor; Thurrell, Kristy

    2016-01-01

    This critical discourse analysis examines denials of racism in descriptions of Canada and Canadians from English language textbooks. Denials of racism often accompany racist and nationalist discourse, preempting observations of racism. The study finds that in representations of Canada or Canadians, English language texts minimize and downplay…

  17. Extreme Overvalued Beliefs: How Violent Extremist Beliefs Become "Normalized".

    PubMed

    Rahman, Tahir

    2018-01-12

    Extreme overvalued beliefs (EOB) are rigidly held, non-deusional beliefs that are the motive behind most acts of terrorism and mass shootings. EOBs are differentiated from delusions and obsessions. The concept of an overvalued idea was first described by Wernicke and later applied to terrorism by McHugh. Our group of forensic psychiatrists (Rahman, Resnick, Harry) refined the definition as an aid in the differential diagnosis seen in acts of violence. The form and content of EOBs is discussed as well as group effects, conformity, and obedience to authority. Religious cults such as The People's Temple, Heaven's Gate, Aum Shinrikyo, and Islamic State (ISIS) and conspiracy beliefs such as assassinations, moon-hoax, and vaccine-induced autism beliefs are discussed using this construct. Finally, some concluding thoughts on countering violent extremism, including its online presence is discussed utilizing information learned from online eating disorders and consumer experience.

  18. A Scientist's Guide to Science Denial

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rosenau, J.

    2012-12-01

    Why are so many scientifically uncontroversial topics, from evolution and the age of the earth to climate change and vaccines, so contentious in society? The American public respects science and scientists, yet seems remarkably unaware of - or resistant to accepting - what scientists have learned about the world around us. This resistance holds back science education and undermines public policy discussions. Scientists and science communicators often react to science denial as if it were a question of scientific knowledge, and respond by trying to correct false scientific claims. Many independent lines of evidence show that science denial is not primarily about science. People reject scientific claims which seem to conflict with their personal identity - often because they believe that accepting those claims would threaten some deeply-valued cultural, political, or religious affiliation. Only by identifying, addressing, and defusing the underlying political and cultural concerns can educators, scientists, and science communicators undo the harm done by science denial.

  19. Knowledge, attitude, and belief regarding burn first aid among caregivers attending pediatric emergency medicine departments.

    PubMed

    Alomar, Mohammed; Rouqi, Faisal Al; Eldali, Abdelmoneim

    2016-06-01

    Emergency departments witness many cases of burns that can be prevented with various first-aid measures. Immediate and effective burn first aid reduces morbidity and determines the outcome. Thus, it is imperative that measures of primary burn prevention and first-aid knowledge be improved. This descriptive study determines the current level of knowledge, attitude, and belief regarding burn first aid among caregivers. Caregivers attending four pediatric emergency departments answered a structured questionnaire for demographic information, knowledge, and the burn first aid they provide including two case scenarios. Applying cold water for 15-20min, smothering burning clothes, and covering the pot of oil on fire with a wet cloth were considered appropriate responses. The main outcome measure was the proportion of caregivers who were aware of burn first aid and did not use inappropriate remedies. Additional questions regarding the best means of educating the public on burn first aid were included. Individual chi-squared tests and univariate logistic regressions were performed to correlate knowledge with demographic features, history of burns, and first-aid training. The 408 interviewed caregivers (55% women) reflected a wide range of age, occupation, and educational level. Sixty percent (60%) of respondents had a large family, with 52% reporting a history of burns. Overall, 41% treated burns with cool or cold water, although 97% had inappropriate or no knowledge of the duration. Further, 32% treated burns with nonscientific remedies alone or in combination, including honey, egg white, toothpaste, white flour, tomato paste, yogurt, tea, sliced potato, butter, or ice. Only 15% had first-aid training. While 65% of caregivers covered a pot of oil on fire with a wet cloth, only 24% reported smothering burning clothes. Participants preferred learning more of first aid for burns via social media (41%), hospital visits (30%), and television (TV) (16%). No significant

  20. 4 CFR 200.8 - Appealing denials of access.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 4 Accounts 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Appealing denials of access. 200.8 Section 200.8 Accounts RECOVERY ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 200.8 Appealing denials of access. (a... writing. The appeal should be directed to Executive Director, Recovery Accountability and Transparency...

  1. 10 CFR 1705.08 - Appeals from correction denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Appeals from correction denials. 1705.08 Section 1705.08 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.08 Appeals from correction denials. (a... in writing. This appeal should be directed to The Chairman, Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board...

  2. 10 CFR 1705.06 - Appeals from access denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Appeals from access denials. 1705.06 Section 1705.06 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.06 Appeals from access denials. When.... This appeal should be directed to The Chairman, Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board, 625 Indiana...

  3. 10 CFR 1705.08 - Appeals from correction denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Appeals from correction denials. 1705.08 Section 1705.08 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.08 Appeals from correction denials. (a... in writing. This appeal should be directed to The Chairman, Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board...

  4. 10 CFR 1705.08 - Appeals from correction denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Appeals from correction denials. 1705.08 Section 1705.08 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.08 Appeals from correction denials. (a... in writing. This appeal should be directed to The Chairman, Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board...

  5. 10 CFR 1705.06 - Appeals from access denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Appeals from access denials. 1705.06 Section 1705.06 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.06 Appeals from access denials. When.... This appeal should be directed to The Chairman, Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board, 625 Indiana...

  6. 10 CFR 1705.06 - Appeals from access denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Appeals from access denials. 1705.06 Section 1705.06 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.06 Appeals from access denials. When.... This appeal should be directed to The Chairman, Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board, 625 Indiana...

  7. 14 CFR 67.409 - Denial of medical certificate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Denial of medical certificate. 67.409... (CONTINUED) AIRMEN MEDICAL STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION Certification Procedures § 67.409 Denial of medical certificate. (a) Any person who is denied a medical certificate by an aviation medical examiner may, within 30...

  8. 14 CFR 67.409 - Denial of medical certificate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Denial of medical certificate. 67.409... (CONTINUED) AIRMEN MEDICAL STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION Certification Procedures § 67.409 Denial of medical certificate. (a) Any person who is denied a medical certificate by an aviation medical examiner may, within 30...

  9. 10 CFR 1705.06 - Appeals from access denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Appeals from access denials. 1705.06 Section 1705.06 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.06 Appeals from access denials. When.... This appeal should be directed to The Chairman, Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board, 625 Indiana...

  10. 10 CFR 1705.08 - Appeals from correction denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Appeals from correction denials. 1705.08 Section 1705.08 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.08 Appeals from correction denials. (a... in writing. This appeal should be directed to The Chairman, Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board...

  11. 10 CFR 1705.06 - Appeals from access denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Appeals from access denials. 1705.06 Section 1705.06 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.06 Appeals from access denials. When.... This appeal should be directed to The Chairman, Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board, 625 Indiana...

  12. 10 CFR 1705.08 - Appeals from correction denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Appeals from correction denials. 1705.08 Section 1705.08 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.08 Appeals from correction denials. (a... in writing. This appeal should be directed to The Chairman, Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board...

  13. Purged: Undocumented Students, Financial Aid Policies, and Access to Higher Education

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Diaz-Strong, Daysi; Gomez, Christina; Luna-Duarte, Maria E.; Meiners, Erica R.

    2011-01-01

    This article examines how the denial of financial aid constrains undocumented students from pursuing higher education and discusses the interlocking relationship between federal immigration and higher education policies. Reporting on research data identifying that undocumented students pay for their education through work, family contributions,…

  14. 14 CFR 1261.313 - Required notification in the event of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2011-01-01 2010-01-01 true Required notification in the event of denial. 1261.313 Section 1261.313 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION... in the event of denial. Final denial of a claim shall be in writing and shall be sent to the claimant...

  15. 14 CFR 1261.313 - Required notification in the event of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Required notification in the event of denial. 1261.313 Section 1261.313 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION... in the event of denial. Final denial of a claim shall be in writing and shall be sent to the claimant...

  16. 14 CFR 1261.313 - Required notification in the event of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Required notification in the event of denial. 1261.313 Section 1261.313 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION... in the event of denial. Final denial of a claim shall be in writing and shall be sent to the claimant...

  17. 14 CFR 1261.313 - Required notification in the event of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Required notification in the event of denial. 1261.313 Section 1261.313 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION... in the event of denial. Final denial of a claim shall be in writing and shall be sent to the claimant...

  18. 19 CFR 201.18 - Denial of requests, appeals from denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... therefor, has been provided to the person making the request. Notice of the decision on appeal and the... APPLICATION Availability of Information to the Public Pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 552 § 201.18 Denial of requests... Information Act Appeal.” An appeal may be made either in paper form, or electronically by contacting the...

  19. 10 CFR 1304.108 - Appealing denials of access.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... writing. The appeal should be directed to Executive Director; U.S. Technical Review Board; 2300 Clarendon... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Appealing denials of access. 1304.108 Section 1304.108 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1304.108 Appealing denials of access...

  20. Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about HIV infection and AIDS among healthy factory workers and their wives, Kinshasa, Zaire.

    PubMed

    Irwin, K; Bertrand, J; Mibandumba, N; Mbuyi, K; Muremeri, C; Mukoka, M; Munkolenkole, K; Nzilambi, N; Bosenge, N; Ryder, R

    1991-01-01

    As a first step in designing an AIDS prevention program at a large factory in Kinshasa, Zaire, we collected information on attitudes towards human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from factory foremen and their wives. Trained moderators conducted twelve focus group discussions (from November through December 1987) that addressed knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about HIV infection and AIDS. In general, participants were familiar with HIV infection and AIDS and considered these conditions leading health problems in Kinshasa. Although participants had a fairly accurate understanding of the causes of HIV infection, modes of transmission and preventive measures, many myths and misconceptions existed. Many participants did not believe that condom use would consistently prevent infection through sexual intercourse. Participants strongly favored the counseling of seropositive persons but showed less consensus about whether the spouse of a seropositive person should be notified of the partner's test result. Participants predicted that couples in which one member is seropositive and the other is not would experience marital discord and friction with family, neighbors and co-workers. These findings were applied to the development of a counseling and educational program for seropositive factory employees and their spouses.

  1. 10 CFR 1304.108 - Appealing denials of access.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Appealing denials of access. 1304.108 Section 1304.108 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1304.108 Appealing denials of access... his or her designee will respond to such appeals within 20 working days of the receipt of the appeal...

  2. 10 CFR 1304.108 - Appealing denials of access.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Appealing denials of access. 1304.108 Section 1304.108 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1304.108 Appealing denials of access... his or her designee will respond to such appeals within 20 working days of the receipt of the appeal...

  3. 10 CFR 1304.108 - Appealing denials of access.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Appealing denials of access. 1304.108 Section 1304.108 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1304.108 Appealing denials of access... his or her designee will respond to such appeals within 20 working days of the receipt of the appeal...

  4. 10 CFR 1304.108 - Appealing denials of access.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Appealing denials of access. 1304.108 Section 1304.108 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1304.108 Appealing denials of access... his or her designee will respond to such appeals within 20 working days of the receipt of the appeal...

  5. 7 CFR 97.105 - Denial of an application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... denial, their numbers and dates and the names of the owners shall be stated. If prior foreign... the names of the owners shall be stated, and such other data shall be furnished, as may be necessary... cited as a reason for denial, the author (if any), title, date, pages or plates, and places of...

  6. 7 CFR 97.105 - Denial of an application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... denial, their numbers and dates and the names of the owners shall be stated. If prior foreign... the names of the owners shall be stated, and such other data shall be furnished, as may be necessary... cited as a reason for denial, the author (if any), title, date, pages or plates, and places of...

  7. Extreme Overvalued Beliefs: How Violent Extremist Beliefs Become “Normalized”

    PubMed Central

    Rahman, Tahir

    2018-01-01

    Extreme overvalued beliefs (EOB) are rigidly held, non-deusional beliefs that are the motive behind most acts of terrorism and mass shootings. EOBs are differentiated from delusions and obsessions. The concept of an overvalued idea was first described by Wernicke and later applied to terrorism by McHugh. Our group of forensic psychiatrists (Rahman, Resnick, Harry) refined the definition as an aid in the differential diagnosis seen in acts of violence. The form and content of EOBs is discussed as well as group effects, conformity, and obedience to authority. Religious cults such as The People’s Temple, Heaven’s Gate, Aum Shinrikyo, and Islamic State (ISIS) and conspiracy beliefs such as assassinations, moon-hoax, and vaccine-induced autism beliefs are discussed using this construct. Finally, some concluding thoughts on countering violent extremism, including its online presence is discussed utilizing information learned from online eating disorders and consumer experience. PMID:29329259

  8. Solidarity and AIDS: introduction.

    PubMed

    Krieger, N

    1991-01-01

    Perhaps more than any other disease in recent history, AIDS has taught a cruel and crucial lesson: the constraints on our response to this epidemic are as deep as our denial, as entrenched as the inequities that permeate our society, as circumscribed as our knowledge, and as unlimited as our compassion and our commitment to human rights. Elaborating on these themes, the final three articles in this Special Section on AIDS consider three widely divergent yet intimately connected topics: AIDS in Cuba, AIDS in Brazil, and global AIDS prevention in the 1990s. Together, they caution that if we persist in treating AIDS as a problem only of "others," no country will be spared the social and economic devastation that promises to be the cost of our contempt and our folly. Solidarity is not an option; it is a necessity. Without conscious recognition of the worldwide relationship between health, human rights, and social inequalities, our attempts to abate the spread of AIDS--and to ease the suffering that follows in its wake--most surely will fall short of our goals. Finally, as we mourn our dead, we must take to heart the words of Mother Jones, and "fight like hell for living." This is the politics of survival.

  9. 14 CFR 413.21 - Denial of a license application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Denial of a license application. 413.21 Section 413.21 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION LICENSING LICENSE APPLICATION PROCEDURES § 413.21 Denial of a license...

  10. 14 CFR 413.21 - Denial of a license application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denial of a license application. 413.21 Section 413.21 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION LICENSING LICENSE APPLICATION PROCEDURES § 413.21 Denial of a license...

  11. 8 CFR 1103.3 - Denials, appeals, and precedent decisions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... types of cases may be appealed. Decisions under the appellate jurisdiction of the Board of Immigration... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denials, appeals, and precedent decisions... JUSTICE IMMIGRATION REGULATIONS APPEALS, RECORDS, AND FEES § 1103.3 Denials, appeals, and precedent...

  12. 22 CFR 51.61 - Denial of passports to certain convicted drug traffickers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Denial of passports to certain convicted drug traffickers. 51.61 Section 51.61 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.61 Denial of passports to certain convicted drug...

  13. 22 CFR 51.61 - Denial of passports to certain convicted drug traffickers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Denial of passports to certain convicted drug traffickers. 51.61 Section 51.61 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.61 Denial of passports to certain convicted drug...

  14. 22 CFR 51.61 - Denial of passports to certain convicted drug traffickers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Denial of passports to certain convicted drug traffickers. 51.61 Section 51.61 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.61 Denial of passports to certain convicted drug...

  15. 22 CFR 51.61 - Denial of passports to certain convicted drug traffickers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Denial of passports to certain convicted drug traffickers. 51.61 Section 51.61 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.61 Denial of passports to certain convicted drug...

  16. 22 CFR 51.61 - Denial of passports to certain convicted drug traffickers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Denial of passports to certain convicted drug traffickers. 51.61 Section 51.61 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.61 Denial of passports to certain convicted drug...

  17. 9 CFR 2.11 - Denial of initial license application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Denial of initial license application. 2.11 Section 2.11 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL WELFARE REGULATIONS Licensing § 2.11 Denial of initial license application. (a...

  18. 9 CFR 2.11 - Denial of initial license application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Denial of initial license application. 2.11 Section 2.11 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL WELFARE REGULATIONS Licensing § 2.11 Denial of initial license application. (a...

  19. 9 CFR 2.11 - Denial of initial license application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Denial of initial license application. 2.11 Section 2.11 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL WELFARE REGULATIONS Licensing § 2.11 Denial of initial license application. (a...

  20. 9 CFR 2.11 - Denial of initial license application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Denial of initial license application. 2.11 Section 2.11 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL WELFARE REGULATIONS Licensing § 2.11 Denial of initial license application. (a...

  1. 15 CFR 971.409 - Denial of issuance or transfer.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Denial of issuance or transfer. 971.../Transfer: Terms, Conditions and Restrictions Issuance/transfer, Modification/revision; Suspension/revocation § 971.409 Denial of issuance or transfer. (a) The Administrator may deny issuance or transfer of a...

  2. 44 CFR 73.3 - Denial of flood insurance coverage.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INSURANCE AND HAZARD MITIGATION National Flood Insurance Program IMPLEMENTATION OF SECTION 1316 OF THE NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE ACT OF 1968 § 73.3 Denial of flood insurance... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2012-10-01 2011-10-01 true Denial of flood insurance...

  3. 44 CFR 73.3 - Denial of flood insurance coverage.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INSURANCE AND HAZARD MITIGATION National Flood Insurance Program IMPLEMENTATION OF SECTION 1316 OF THE NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE ACT OF 1968 § 73.3 Denial of flood insurance... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Denial of flood insurance...

  4. Belief in AIDS Origin Conspiracy Theory and Willingness to Participate in Biomedical Research Studies: Findings in Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics in Seven Cities Across Two Surveys

    PubMed Central

    Russell, Stefanie L.; Katz, Ralph V.; Wang, Min Qi; Lee, Ryan; Green, B. Lee; Kressin, Nancy R.; Claudio, Cristina

    2013-01-01

    Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine whether a belief in the AIDS origin conspiracy theory is related to likelihood or fear of participation in research studies. Methods The Tuskegee Legacy Project Questionnaire was administered via random-digit-dialed telephone interview to black, white, and Hispanic participants in 4 cities in 1999 and 2000 (n = 1,133) and in 3 cities in 2003 (n = 1,162). Results In 1999, 27.8% of blacks, 23.6% of Hispanics, and 8% of whites (P ≤ .001) reported that it was “very or somewhat likely” that AIDS is “the result of a government plan to intentionally kill a certain group of people by genocide.” In 2003, 34.1% of blacks, 21.9% of Hispanics, and 8.4% of whites (P ≤ .001) reported the same. Conclusions Whereas blacks and Hispanics were more than 3 times more likely than whites to believe in this AIDS origin conspiracy theory, holding this belief was not associated with a decreased likelihood of participation in, or increased fear of participation in, biomedical research. PMID:21388939

  5. Belief in AIDS origin conspiracy theory and willingness to participate in biomedical research studies: findings in whites, blacks, and Hispanics in seven cities across two surveys.

    PubMed

    Russell, Stefanie L; Katz, Ralph V; Wang, Min Qi; Lee, Ryan; Green, B Lee; Kressin, Nancy R; Claudio, Cristina

    2011-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to determine whether a belief in the AIDS origin conspiracy theory is related to likelihood or fear of participation in research studies. The Tuskegee Legacy Project Questionnaire was administered via random-digit-dialed telephone interview to black, white, and Hispanic participants in 4 cities in 1999 and 2000 (n = 1,133) and in 3 cities in 2003 (n = 1,162). In 1999, 27.8% of blacks, 23.6% of Hispanics, and 8% of whites (P ≤ .001) reported that it was "very or somewhat likely" that AIDS is "the result of a government plan to intentionally kill a certain group of people by genocide." In 2003, 34.1% of blacks, 21.9% of Hispanics, and 8.4% of whites (P ≤ .001) reported the same. Whereas blacks and Hispanics were more than 3 times more likely than whites to believe in this AIDS origin conspiracy theory, holding this belief was not associated with a decreased likelihood of participation in, or increased fear of participation in, biomedical research.

  6. Denial and Self-Image in Stroke, Lung Cancer, and Heart Disease Patients

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Levine, Jacob; Zigler, Edward

    1975-01-01

    Stroke, lung cancer, and heart disease patients were found to employ denial, as indicated by the relatively small difference between their real and ideal selves before and after the onset of illness. The greatest amount of denial was found for stroke patients. Cancer patients displayed more denial than did heart patients. (Author)

  7. 10 CFR 590.504 - Denial by operation of law.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denial by operation of law. 590.504 Section 590.504 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (CONTINUED) NATURAL GAS (ECONOMIC REGULATORY ADMINISTRATION) ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES WITH RESPECT TO THE IMPORT AND EXPORT OF NATURAL GAS Applications for Rehearing § 590.504 Denial by...

  8. 10 CFR 590.504 - Denial by operation of law.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Denial by operation of law. 590.504 Section 590.504 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (CONTINUED) NATURAL GAS (ECONOMIC REGULATORY ADMINISTRATION) ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES WITH RESPECT TO THE IMPORT AND EXPORT OF NATURAL GAS Applications for Rehearing § 590.504 Denial by...

  9. 10 CFR 590.504 - Denial by operation of law.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Denial by operation of law. 590.504 Section 590.504 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (CONTINUED) NATURAL GAS (ECONOMIC REGULATORY ADMINISTRATION) ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES WITH RESPECT TO THE IMPORT AND EXPORT OF NATURAL GAS Applications for Rehearing § 590.504 Denial by...

  10. 10 CFR 590.504 - Denial by operation of law.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Denial by operation of law. 590.504 Section 590.504 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (CONTINUED) NATURAL GAS (ECONOMIC REGULATORY ADMINISTRATION) ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES WITH RESPECT TO THE IMPORT AND EXPORT OF NATURAL GAS Applications for Rehearing § 590.504 Denial by...

  11. 10 CFR 590.504 - Denial by operation of law.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Denial by operation of law. 590.504 Section 590.504 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (CONTINUED) NATURAL GAS (ECONOMIC REGULATORY ADMINISTRATION) ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES WITH RESPECT TO THE IMPORT AND EXPORT OF NATURAL GAS Applications for Rehearing § 590.504 Denial by...

  12. 17 CFR 9.12 - Effective date of disciplinary or access denial action.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... ACTIONS Notice and Effective Date of Disciplinary Action or Access Denial Action § 9.12 Effective date of disciplinary or access denial action. (a) Effective date. Any disciplinary or access denial action taken by an... cause a disciplinary action to become effective prior to that time if: (1) As authorized by § 8.25 of...

  13. 32 CFR 634.22 - Termination or denial of registration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Termination or denial of registration. 634.22 Section 634.22 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY (CONTINUED) LAW ENFORCEMENT AND CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC SUPERVISION Motor Vehicle Registration § 634.22 Termination or denial of registration...

  14. 48 CFR 52.222-29 - Notification of visa denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Notification of visa....222-29 Notification of visa denial. As prescribed in 22.810(g), insert the following clause: Notification of Visa Denial (JUN 2003) It is a violation of Executive Order 11246 for a Contractor to refuse to...

  15. 48 CFR 52.222-29 - Notification of visa denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Notification of visa....222-29 Notification of visa denial. As prescribed in 22.810(g), insert the following clause: Notification of Visa Denial (JUN 2003) It is a violation of Executive Order 11246 for a Contractor to refuse to...

  16. 48 CFR 52.222-29 - Notification of visa denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Notification of visa....222-29 Notification of visa denial. As prescribed in 22.810(g), insert the following clause: Notification of Visa Denial (JUN 2003) It is a violation of Executive Order 11246 for a Contractor to refuse to...

  17. 48 CFR 52.222-29 - Notification of visa denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Notification of visa....222-29 Notification of visa denial. As prescribed in 22.810(g), insert the following clause: Notification of Visa Denial (JUN 2003) It is a violation of Executive Order 11246 for a Contractor to refuse to...

  18. 48 CFR 52.222-29 - Notification of visa denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Notification of visa....222-29 Notification of visa denial. As prescribed in 22.810(g), insert the following clause: Notification of Visa Denial (JUN 2003) It is a violation of Executive Order 11246 for a Contractor to refuse to...

  19. 14 CFR § 1261.313 - Required notification in the event of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Required notification in the event of denial. § 1261.313 Section § 1261.313 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE... notification in the event of denial. Final denial of a claim shall be in writing and shall be sent to the...

  20. Gender-related power differences, beliefs and reactions towards people living with HIV/AIDS: an urban study in Nigeria.

    PubMed

    Mbonu, Ngozi C; Van den Borne, Bart; De Vries, Nanne K

    2010-06-12

    Although there are an increasing number of studies on HIV-related stigma in Nigeria, very little research has focused on how power differences based on gender perpetuate the stigmatization of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and how these gender differences affect the care that PLWHA receive in health care institutions. We explore gender-related beliefs and reactions of society, including health care professionals (HCPs), with regard to PLWHA, using Connell's theoretical framework of gender and power (1987). With Connell's structural theory of gender and power (financial inequality, authority and structure of social norms), we can describe gender differences in stigmatization of PLWHA. We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews, lasting 60 to 90 minutes, with 100 persons (40 members of the general public, 40 HCPs and 20 PLWHA) in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The Nvivo 7 computer package was used to analyze the data. There are similarities and differences between the general public and HCPs towards PLWHA in gender-related beliefs and reactions. For instance, although association with promiscuity and power differences were commonly acknowledged in the different groups, there are differences in how these reactions are shown; such as HCPs asking the female PLWHA to inform their partners to ensure payment of hospital bills. Women with HIV/AIDS in particular are therefore in a disadvantaged position with regard to the care they receive. Despite the fact that men and women with HIV/AIDS suffer the same illness, clear disparities are apparent in the negative reaction women and men living with HIV/AIDS experience in society. We show that women's generally low status in society contributes to the extreme negative reactions to which female PLWHA are subject. The government should create policies aimed at reducing the power differences in family, society and health care systems, which would be important to

  1. 12 CFR 404.17 - Appeal of denials of access.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Appeal of denials of access. 404.17 Section 404.17 Banks and Banking EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES INFORMATION DISCLOSURE Access to Records Under the Privacy Act of 1974 § 404.17 Appeal of denials of access. (a) Appeals to the Assistant General...

  2. 7 CFR 62.210 - Denial, suspension, or cancellation of service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denial, suspension, or cancellation of service. 62.210...) Quality Systems Verification Programs Definitions Service § 62.210 Denial, suspension, or cancellation of...) Accurately represent the eligibility of agricultural products or services distributed under an approved...

  3. 7 CFR 62.210 - Denial, suspension, or cancellation of service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Denial, suspension, or cancellation of service. 62.210...) Quality Systems Verification Programs Definitions Service § 62.210 Denial, suspension, or cancellation of...) Accurately represent the eligibility of agricultural products or services distributed under an approved...

  4. 75 FR 26993 - Alvin Darby, M.D.; Denial of Application

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-05-13

    ... DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Drug Enforcement Administration [Docket No. 09-6] Alvin Darby, M.D.; Denial... Gretna, Louisiana. The Show Cause Order proposed the denial of Respondent's pending application for a DEA... attempts to serve Respondent were constitutionally adequate, the date when service was initially attempted...

  5. The denial of death thesis: sociological critique and implications for palliative care.

    PubMed

    Zimmermann, Camilla; Rodin, Gary

    2004-03-01

    It has become commonplace to say that contemporary western society is 'death-denying'. This characterization, which sociologists have termed the 'denial of death thesis', first arose in the social science, psychological and clinical medical literature in the period between 1955 and 1985. During the same time period, the hospice and palliative care movements were developing and in part directed themselves against the perceived cultural denial of death in western society. While the denial of death has been taken for granted by the lay public as well as by clinicians, in the sociological literature it has been increasingly questioned. In this paper we use sociological critiques of the denial of death thesis to raise critical questions about the theory and practice of contemporary palliative care. In particular, we argue that the emphasis of palliative care should not be on extinguishing the denial of death but on the relief of suffering.

  6. Pro-environmental actions, climate change, and defensiveness: do self-affirmations make a difference to people's motives and beliefs about making a difference?

    PubMed

    Sparks, Paul; Jessop, Donna C; Chapman, James; Holmes, Katherine

    2010-09-01

    Social concerns with the imperative of environmentally sustainable life-styles sit rather awkwardly with ideas about the widespread denial of global environmental problems. Given the very obvious threat and denial dimensions to these issues, we conducted two studies assessing the impact of self-affirmation manipulations on people's beliefs and motives regarding pro-environmental actions. In Study 1, participants (N=125) completed a self-affirmation task and read information on the threat of climate change. Results showed that the self-affirmation manipulation resulted in lower levels of denial and greater perceptions of personal involvement in relation to climate change. In Study 2, participants (N=90) completed a self-affirmation task and read some information on recycling. Findings showed a beneficial effect of a self-affirmation manipulation on intentions to increase recycling behaviour (among lower recyclers). The results are discussed in relation to the potential benefits of self-affirmation manipulations for promoting pro-environmental actions.

  7. Insurance denials for cancer clinical trial participation after the Affordable Care Act mandate.

    PubMed

    Mackay, Christine B; Antonelli, Kaitlyn R; Bruinooge, Suanna S; Saint Onge, Jarron M; Ellis, Shellie D

    2017-08-01

    The Affordable Care Act (ACA) includes a mandate requiring most private health insurers to cover routine patient care costs for cancer clinical trial participation; however, the impact of this provision on cancer centers' efforts to accrue patients to clinical trials has not been well described. First, members of cancer research centers and community-based institutions (n = 252) were surveyed to assess the status of insurance denials, and then, a focused survey (n = 77) collected denial details. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine associations between the receipt of denials and site characteristics. Overall, 62.7% of the initial survey respondents reported at least 1 insurance denial during 2014. Sites using a precertification process were 3.04 times more likely to experience denials (95% confidence interval, 1.55-5.99; P ≤ .001), and similar rates of denials were reported from sites located in states with preexisting clinical trial coverage laws versus states without them (82.3% vs 85.1%; χ = 50.7; P ≤ .001). Among the focused survey sites, academic centers reported denials more often than community sites (71.4% vs 46.4%). The failure of plans to cover trial participation was cited as the most common reason provided for denials (n = 33 [80.5%]), with nearly 80% of sites (n = 61) not receiving a coverage response from the insurer within 72 hours. Despite the ACA's mandate for most insurers to cover routine care costs for cancer clinical trial participation, denials and delays continue. Denials may continue because some insurers remain exempt from the law, or they may signal an implementation failure. Delays in coverage may affect patient participation in trials. Additional efforts to eliminate this barrier will be needed to achieve federal initiatives to double the pace of cancer research over the next 5 years. Future work should assess the law's effectiveness at the patient level to inform these efforts

  8. 10 CFR 76.64 - Denial of certificate or compliance plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Denial of certificate or compliance plan. 76.64 Section 76.64 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) CERTIFICATION OF GASEOUS DIFFUSION PLANTS Certification § 76.64 Denial of certificate or compliance plan. (a) The Director may deny an application for a...

  9. 10 CFR 76.64 - Denial of certificate or compliance plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Denial of certificate or compliance plan. 76.64 Section 76.64 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) CERTIFICATION OF GASEOUS DIFFUSION PLANTS Certification § 76.64 Denial of certificate or compliance plan. (a) The Director may deny an application for a...

  10. 10 CFR 76.64 - Denial of certificate or compliance plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Denial of certificate or compliance plan. 76.64 Section 76.64 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) CERTIFICATION OF GASEOUS DIFFUSION PLANTS Certification § 76.64 Denial of certificate or compliance plan. (a) The Director may deny an application for a...

  11. 10 CFR 76.64 - Denial of certificate or compliance plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denial of certificate or compliance plan. 76.64 Section 76.64 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) CERTIFICATION OF GASEOUS DIFFUSION PLANTS Certification § 76.64 Denial of certificate or compliance plan. (a) The Director may deny an application for a...

  12. 10 CFR 76.64 - Denial of certificate or compliance plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Denial of certificate or compliance plan. 76.64 Section 76.64 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) CERTIFICATION OF GASEOUS DIFFUSION PLANTS Certification § 76.64 Denial of certificate or compliance plan. (a) The Director may deny an application for a...

  13. AIDS susceptibility in a migrant population: perception and behavior.

    PubMed

    McBride, D C; Weatherby, N L; Inciardi, J A; Gillespie, S A

    1999-01-01

    Within the framework of the Health Belief Model, this paper examines correlates of perception of AIDS susceptibility among 846 drug-using migrant farm workers and their sex partners. Significant but relatively small differences by ethnicity and gender were found. The data showed a consistent significant statistical relationship between frequency of drug use, high-risk sexual behavior, and perception of AIDS susceptibility. Perception of AIDS susceptibility was significantly related to a subsequent reduction in sexual risk behaviors. Consistent with the Health Belief Model, the data suggest that increasing perception of AIDS susceptibility may be an important motivator in reducing high-risk behaviors.

  14. 26 CFR 1.663(a)-3 - Denial of double deduction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ...)-3 Denial of double deduction. No amount deemed to have been distributed to a beneficiary in a... 26 Internal Revenue 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Denial of double deduction. 1.663(a)-3 Section 1.663(a)-3 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX...

  15. Effect of an AIDS education program for older adults.

    PubMed

    Rose, M A

    1996-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an age-specific AIDS education program on HIV/AIDS knowledge, perceived susceptibility to AIDS, and perceived severity of AIDS in older adults. The health belief model served as a framework. The age-specific AIDS education program was developed based on a knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors survey of 458 older adults at senior citizen centers. The program included case study presentations of actual older people with AIDS along with an emphasis on myths identified in the initial survey. There was a significant increase in total knowledge about AIDS (p < .001), perceived susceptibility (p < .01), and perceived severity (p < .001) after the educational program. Based on the results of this study, nurses are in an excellent position to provide primary and secondary AIDS prevention strategies for all age groups, including the older adult population.

  16. Analysis of individual risk belief structures

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Tonn, B.E.; Travis, C.B.; Arrowood, L.

    An interactive computer program developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory is presented as a methodology to model individualized belief structures. The logic and general strategy of the model is presented for two risk topics: AIDs and toxic waste. Subjects identified desirable and undesirable consequences for each topic and formulated an associative rule linking topic and consequence in either a causal or correlational framework. Likelihood estimates, generated by subjects in several formats (probability, odds statements, etc.), constituted one outcome measure. Additionally, source of belief (personal experience, news media, etc.) and perceived personal and societal impact are reviewed. Briefly, subjects believe thatmore » AIDs causes significant emotional problems, and to a lesser degree, physical health problems whereas toxic waste causes significant environmental problems.« less

  17. Gender-related power differences, beliefs and reactions towards people living with HIV/AIDS: an urban study in Nigeria

    PubMed Central

    2010-01-01

    Background Although there are an increasing number of studies on HIV-related stigma in Nigeria, very little research has focused on how power differences based on gender perpetuate the stigmatization of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and how these gender differences affect the care that PLWHA receive in health care institutions. We explore gender-related beliefs and reactions of society, including health care professionals (HCPs), with regard to PLWHA, using Connell's theoretical framework of gender and power (1987). With Connell's structural theory of gender and power (financial inequality, authority and structure of social norms), we can describe gender differences in stigmatization of PLWHA. Method We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews, lasting 60 to 90 minutes, with 100 persons (40 members of the general public, 40 HCPs and 20 PLWHA) in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The Nvivo 7 computer package was used to analyze the data. Results There are similarities and differences between the general public and HCPs towards PLWHA in gender-related beliefs and reactions. For instance, although association with promiscuity and power differences were commonly acknowledged in the different groups, there are differences in how these reactions are shown; such as HCPs asking the female PLWHA to inform their partners to ensure payment of hospital bills. Women with HIV/AIDS in particular are therefore in a disadvantaged position with regard to the care they receive. Conclusion Despite the fact that men and women with HIV/AIDS suffer the same illness, clear disparities are apparent in the negative reaction women and men living with HIV/AIDS experience in society. We show that women's generally low status in society contributes to the extreme negative reactions to which female PLWHA are subject. The government should create policies aimed at reducing the power differences in family, society and health care systems

  18. 26 CFR 1.663(a)-3 - Denial of double deduction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... Corpus § 1.663(a)-3 Denial of double deduction. No amount deemed to have been distributed to a... 26 Internal Revenue 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Denial of double deduction. 1.663(a)-3 Section 1.663(a)-3 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX...

  19. 26 CFR 25.2523(h)-1 - Denial of double deduction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Denial of double deduction. 25.2523(h)-1 Section 25.2523(h)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ESTATE AND GIFT TAXES GIFT TAX; GIFTS MADE AFTER DECEMBER 31, 1954 Deductions § 25.2523(h)-1 Denial of...

  20. 26 CFR 1.667-1 - Denial of refund to trusts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Denial of refund to trusts. 1.667-1 Section 1.667-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX... Beginning Before January 1, 1969 § 1.667-1 Denial of refund to trusts. (a) If an amount is deemed under...

  1. 26 CFR 1.667-1 - Denial of refund to trusts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Denial of refund to trusts. 1.667-1 Section 1.667-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX... Before January 1, 1969 § 1.667-1 Denial of refund to trusts. (a) If an amount is deemed under section 666...

  2. 44 CFR 204.26 - Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.26 Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. (a... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. 204.26 Section 204.26 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY...

  3. 44 CFR 204.26 - Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.26 Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. (a... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. 204.26 Section 204.26 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY...

  4. 44 CFR 204.26 - Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.26 Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. (a... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. 204.26 Section 204.26 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY...

  5. 44 CFR 204.26 - Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.26 Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. (a... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2012-10-01 2011-10-01 true Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. 204.26 Section 204.26 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY...

  6. 44 CFR 204.26 - Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.26 Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. (a... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. 204.26 Section 204.26 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY...

  7. Protecting Dynamic Mobile Agent against Denial of Service Attacks

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Aggarwal, Mayank; Nipur, Pallavi

    2010-11-01

    Mobile Agents are softwares migrating from one node to another to fulfill the task of its owner. The introduction of mobile agents has reduced network latency, network traffic a lot but at the same time it has increased the vulnerability for attacks by malicious hosts. One such attack is `Denial of Service', once the agent is launched it is free to roam without any control of its owner, this on one hand decreases the cost of agent—owner interaction and on the other hand increases the chances of `Denial Of Service'. In Denial Of Service attack the malicious host may deny resources required by the agent and kill the agent, thus the result computed so far is lost and this may happen every time the agent visits any malicious host. In this paper we continued the work done in [10] in which the authors proposed techniques by which owner can detect the malicious host for `Denial Of Service' but they did not covered technique for dynamic routes i.e. where the host or agent initiate migrations to hosts which were not contained in the route composed by the owner. We introduced an algorithm and a model which can be useful for the above purpose.

  8. Making Theory Relevant: The Gender Attitude and Belief Inventory

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McCabe, Janice

    2013-01-01

    This article describes and evaluates the Gender Attitude and Belief Inventory (GABI), a teaching tool designed to aid students in (a) realizing how sociological theory links to their personal beliefs and (b) exploring any combination of 11 frequently used theoretical perspectives on gender, including both conservative theories (physiological,…

  9. Relationship between expressed HIV/AIDS-related stigma and HIV-beliefs/knowledge and behaviour in families of HIV infected children in Kenya.

    PubMed

    Hamra, Mary; Ross, Michael W; Orrs, Mark; D'Agostino, Angelo

    2006-04-01

    To quantify expressed stigma in clients of the Kangemi program for HIV+ children, and to characterize the association between stigma and other population characteristics. By means of a household survey we created a stigma index and indices for other social and knowledge domains that influence HIV-related healthcare. We used chi2, anova, and correlation to identify associations between domains. The mean (+/-SD) expressed stigma on a six points scale (6 = least stigma) was 3.65 +/- 1.64. Composite scores on knowledge about AIDS were skewed toward more knowledge; and analysis of individual knowledge items indicates that most respondents reject erroneous traditional beliefs and myths about the causes and transmission routes of AIDS. Respondents who were younger, had never married, and had less education expressed greater stigma. Differences in stigma were associated with poor knowledge about AIDS and negative attitudes toward testing, but not with gender or tribal affiliation. Condom use at last intercourse, unrelated to stigma, was only 40% (n = 218). While this population has good knowledge about AIDS and appraises risks realistically, it fails to reduce these risks. Associations between stigma and other domains can inform interventions that improve HIV care and mitigate spread of HIV.

  10. 5 CFR 1204.13 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Administrative Personnel MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES AVAILABILITY OF OFFICIAL INFORMATION Procedures for Obtaining Records Under the Freedom of Information Act § 1204.13 Denials. (a) The... exemptions provided under the FOIA to deny access to some or all of the information requested, it will...

  11. 5 CFR 1204.13 - Denials

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Administrative Personnel MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES AVAILABILITY OF OFFICIAL INFORMATION Procedures for Obtaining Records Under the Freedom of Information Act § 1204.13 Denials (a) The... exemptions provided under the FOIA to deny access to some or all of the information requested, it will...

  12. 5 CFR 1204.13 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Administrative Personnel MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES AVAILABILITY OF OFFICIAL INFORMATION Procedures for Obtaining Records Under the Freedom of Information Act § 1204.13 Denials. (a) The... exemptions provided under the FOIA to deny access to some or all of the information requested, it will...

  13. 5 CFR 1204.13 - Denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Administrative Personnel MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES AVAILABILITY OF OFFICIAL INFORMATION Procedures for Obtaining Records Under the Freedom of Information Act § 1204.13 Denials. (a) The... exemptions provided under the FOIA to deny access to some or all of the information requested, it will...

  14. 5 CFR 1204.13 - Denials

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Administrative Personnel MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES AVAILABILITY OF OFFICIAL INFORMATION Procedures for Obtaining Records Under the Freedom of Information Act § 1204.13 Denials (a) The... exemptions provided under the FOIA to deny access to some or all of the information requested, it will...

  15. 22 CFR 51.65 - Notification of denial or revocation of passport.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... passport. 51.65 Section 51.65 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.65 Notification of denial or revocation of passport. (a) The Department will notify in writing any person whose application for issuance of a passport has...

  16. 22 CFR 51.65 - Notification of denial or revocation of passport.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... passport. 51.65 Section 51.65 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.65 Notification of denial or revocation of passport. (a) The Department will notify in writing any person whose application for issuance of a passport has...

  17. 22 CFR 51.65 - Notification of denial or revocation of passport.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... passport. 51.65 Section 51.65 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.65 Notification of denial or revocation of passport. (a) The Department will notify in writing any person whose application for issuance of a passport has...

  18. 22 CFR 51.65 - Notification of denial or revocation of passport.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... passport. 51.65 Section 51.65 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.65 Notification of denial or revocation of passport. (a) The Department will notify in writing any person whose application for issuance of a passport has...

  19. 22 CFR 51.65 - Notification of denial or revocation of passport.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... passport. 51.65 Section 51.65 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Denial, Revocation, and Restriction of Passports § 51.65 Notification of denial or revocation of passport. (a) The Department will notify in writing any person whose application for issuance of a passport has...

  20. 22 CFR 212.36 - Denial of request for access to records.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... Section 212.36 Foreign Relations AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC INFORMATION Access to Agency... responsible for the denial, and the right of the person to appeal the adverse determination. (b) The denial of... Administrative Services, Bureau for Management, Room 803, SA-2, Agency for International Development, 21st and...

  1. Readability and Test-Retest Reliability of a Psychometric Instrument Designed to Assess HIV/AIDS Attitudes, Beliefs, Behaviours and Sources of HIV Prevention Information of Young Adults

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Balogun, Joseph; Abiona, Titilayo; Lukobo-Durrell, Mainza; Adefuye, Adedeji; Amosun, Seyi; Frantz, Jose; Yakut, Yavuz

    2011-01-01

    Objective: This comparative study evaluated the readability and test-retest reliability of a questionnaire designed to assess the attitudes, beliefs behaviours and sources of information about HIV/AIDS among young adults recruited from universities in the United States of America (USA), Turkey and South Africa. Design/Setting: The instrument was…

  2. Obstacles to local-level AIDS competence in rural Zimbabwe: putting HIV prevention in context

    PubMed Central

    Nhamo, Mercy; Campbell, Catherine; Gregson, Simon

    2010-01-01

    We explore the wider social context of an HIV-prevention programme in rural Zimbabwe. We make no comment on the programme itself, rather seeking to examine the wider community dynamics into which it was inserted, to highlight how pre-existing social dynamics may have influenced community “readiness” to derive optimal benefit from the intervention. Using the concept of “the AIDS competent community”, we analysed 44 interviews and 11 focus groups with local people. Despite high levels of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge, there were several ways gender, poverty and low literacy may have undermined its perceived relevance to peoples’ lives. Lack of opportunities for dialogue in the social milieu beyond the intervention may have limited opportunities for translating factual AIDS knowledge into action plans, or sharing hidden individual experiences of HIV/AIDS-affected family members or friends, given stigma and denial. The initiative of women and young people to respond effectively to AIDS was limited in a context dominated by adult males. People spoke of HIV/AIDS in a passive and fatalistic way, expecting outsiders to solve the problem. This tendency was exacerbated given the community's previous experiences of HIV/AIDS-related NGOs, which had often regarded local people as unpaid volunteer labour rather than building their capacity to make significant decisions and play leadership roles in health programmes. Despite obstacles, however, there were many potential community strengths and resources. There were high levels of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge. Public denial of HIV/AIDS masked huge reservoirs of private support and kindness to AIDS-affected family and friends. There were many strong community organisations and clubs, potentially forming the springboard for more empowered community responses to HIV/ AIDS. HIV/AIDS programmers should pay greater attention to community readiness for interventions, especially around: (1) identifying and anticipating pre

  3. Obstacles to local-level AIDS competence in rural Zimbabwe: putting HIV prevention in context.

    PubMed

    Nhamo, Mercy; Campbell, Catherine; Gregson, Simon

    2010-01-01

    We explore the wider social context of an HIV-prevention programme in rural Zimbabwe. We make no comment on the programme itself, rather seeking to examine the wider community dynamics into which it was inserted, to highlight how pre-existing social dynamics may have influenced community "readiness" to derive optimal benefit from the intervention. Using the concept of "the AIDS competent community", we analysed 44 interviews and 11 focus groups with local people. Despite high levels of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge, there were several ways gender, poverty and low literacy may have undermined its perceived relevance to peoples' lives. Lack of opportunities for dialogue in the social milieu beyond the intervention may have limited opportunities for translating factual AIDS knowledge into action plans, or sharing hidden individual experiences of HIV/AIDS-affected family members or friends, given stigma and denial. The initiative of women and young people to respond effectively to AIDS was limited in a context dominated by adult males. People spoke of HIV/AIDS in a passive and fatalistic way, expecting outsiders to solve the problem. This tendency was exacerbated given the community's previous experiences of HIV/AIDS-related NGOs, which had often regarded local people as unpaid volunteer labour rather than building their capacity to make significant decisions and play leadership roles in health programmes. Despite obstacles, however, there were many potential community strengths and resources. There were high levels of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge. Public denial of HIV/AIDS masked huge reservoirs of private support and kindness to AIDS-affected family and friends. There were many strong community organisations and clubs, potentially forming the springboard for more empowered community responses to HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS programmers should pay greater attention to community readiness for interventions, especially around: (1) identifying and anticipating pre-existing obstacles to

  4. 49 CFR 1560.105 - Denial of transport or sterile area access; designation for enhanced screening.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Denial of transport or sterile area access... Matching § 1560.105 Denial of transport or sterile area access; designation for enhanced screening. (a...-traveling individuals, including denial of transport or sterile area access or designation for enhanced...

  5. 7 CFR 205.507 - Denial of accreditation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ..., Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) ORGANIC FOODS PRODUCTION ACT PROVISIONS NATIONAL ORGANIC PROGRAM Accreditation of Certifying Agents § 205.507 Denial of accreditation. (a...

  6. Denial of women's rights to contraception in southeastern Nigeria.

    PubMed

    Chigbu, Chibuike O; Onyebuchi, Azubuike K; Onwudiwe, Elijah N; Iwuji, Stella E

    2013-05-01

    To evaluate the opinions and experiences of married women in southeastern Nigeria regarding their rights to contraception, in addition to the impact of the denial of women's contraceptive rights on unplanned pregnancy rate. A cross-sectional survey of women who registered for prenatal care at 2 federal tertiary healthcare facilities in southeastern Nigeria was conducted. Randomly selected samples of participants were interviewed via a structured, pretested questionnaire. In total, 1204 women participated in the survey. Overall, 526 (43.7%) were unaware of their rights to contraception. Denial of contraceptive rights was reported by 522 (43.4%) women. In total, 174/317 (54.9%) women with unplanned pregnancies blamed denial of access to contraception for their pregnancies. Among the women who had used contraception previously, 61.9% reported that the decision to do so was taken by their spouse. Formal education seemed to increase women's level of awareness of their rights to contraception (P=0.001) but it did not influence the exercising of such rights. A considerable proportion of women in southeastern Nigeria are being denied their rights to contraception, mainly owing to a culture of male dominance. There may be significant health implications for women with unplanned pregnancies arising from such denials. Copyright © 2013 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  7. "But I didn't do it!": ethical treatment of sex offenders in denial.

    PubMed

    Levenson, Jill S

    2011-09-01

    This article addresses ethical questions and issues related to the treatment of sex offenders in denial, using the empirical research literature and the ethical codes of American Psychological Association (APA) and National Association of Social Workers (NASW) to guide the ethical decision-making process. The empirical literature does not provide an unequivocal link between denial and recidivism, though some studies suggest that decreased denial and increased accountability appear to be associated with greater therapeutic engagement and reduced recidivism for some offenders. The ethical codes of APA and NASW value the client's self-determination and autonomy, and psychologists and social workers have a duty to empower individual well-being while doing no harm to clients or others. Clinicians should view denial not as a categorical construct but as a continuum of distorted cognitions requiring clinical attention. Denial might also be considered as a responsivity factor that can interfere with treatment progress. Offering a reasonable time period for therapeutic engagement might provide a better alternative than automatically refusing treatment to categorical deniers.

  8. 8 CFR 214.4 - Denial of certification, denial of recertification or withdrawal of SEVP certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... school will be notified of the reasons and appeal rights if a petition for certification is denied, in... certification. A petitioning school denied certification may file a new petition for certification at any time. (2) Denial of recertification or withdrawal on notice. The school must wait at least one calendar...

  9. Hate in the Classroom: Free Expression, Holocaust Denial, and Liberal Education

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cohen-Almagor, Raphael

    2008-01-01

    This article is concerned with a specific type of hate speech: Holocaust denial. It is concerned with the expression of this idea by educators. Should we allow Holocaust deniers to teach in schools? This article attempts to answer this question through a close look at the Canadian experience. First, I will establish that Holocaust denial is a…

  10. 28 CFR 802.19 - Appeal of denial to correct or amend.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Counsel will review your request within 30 days from the date of receipt. However, for a good reason, this... denial of a request for correction should contain a statement of the reason for denial and notice to the... exactly as you requested, we will inform you: (i) That your request has been refused and the reason; (ii...

  11. The effectiveness of substance use measures in the detection of full and partial denial of drug use.

    PubMed

    Wooley, Chelsea N; Rogers, Richard; Fiduccia, Chelsea E; Kelsey, Katherine

    2013-12-01

    Appraisals of substance abuse often constitute a key component of psychological assessments affecting both diagnostic and treatment issues. Because of negative consequences, many substance users engage in outright denials and marked minimization regarding their drug use. Psychological measures, especially those with transparent items, are highly vulnerable to this denial. To address this response style, indirect items are often included on substance use measures to identify those who deny their use. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of complete and partial denial on the Drug Abuse Screening Test-20, Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory-3, and Drug Use Screening Inventory-Revised. Partial denial refers to the disacknowledgement of drug-related impairment interfering in multiple domains of a client's functioning. The study used a mixed within- and between-subjects design with 102 inpatient substance users. Each participant completed the study under two conditions: a disclosing condition and an experimental condition (either complete denial or partial denial). Results show partial denial is distinctly different from complete denial across three self-report substance use measures. Importantly, substance users engaging in these denial conditions were often undetected by these measures. Contrary to expectations, subtle scales with indirect item content were only minimally more effective than the face valid scales alone for the assessment of denied drug use.

  12. Beliefs, sexual behaviours and preventive practices with respect to HIV/AIDS among commercial sex workers in Daulatdia, Bangladesh.

    PubMed

    Hosain, G M M; Chatterjee, N

    2005-05-01

    Despite the rising prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) since 1994 in Bangladesh, the World Bank found the epidemic to be preventable provided vigorous and prompt action is taken. High-risk heterosexual contact, especially among commercial sex workers (CSWs), is a major mode of transmission. Formulation of relevant and effective prevention programmes for HIV/AIDS requires better understanding of the knowledge, attitudes, behaviours and practices in the high-risk groups. A cross-sectional survey comprising face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire with items on knowledge, beliefs, condom use and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). In total, 300 CSWs were interviewed between July and October 2000 in Daulatdia brothel. Daulatdia is one of the largest river ports in Bangladesh. Although most CSWs had heard of AIDS, correct knowledge of transmission and symptoms was lacking. HIV/AIDS was viewed as a remote threat, over-ridden by immediate economic and survival concerns. Although the majority of CSWs knew that condoms afforded protection against STDs/AIDS, only one-third of sex acts on the last day of work were protected through condom use. CSWs who were married, had been a CSW for less than 5 years, were with a new client, or had two or more clients in last working day reported significantly higher condom use. Client dissatisfaction was the major reason for not using condoms. Many did not obtain treatment for STDs in a timely fashion, if at all. Bangladesh needs a comprehensive HIV programme that combines clinical and screening measures with behaviour change and communication interventions, along with change in social norms and attention to the rights of CSWs in order to avert a widespread epidemic.

  13. 10 CFR 1016.10 - Grant, denial, or suspension of security facility approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Grant, denial, or suspension of security facility approval. 1016.10 Section 1016.10 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (GENERAL PROVISIONS) SAFEGUARDING OF RESTRICTED DATA Physical Security § 1016.10 Grant, denial, or suspension of security facility approval...

  14. 10 CFR 1016.10 - Grant, denial, or suspension of security facility approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Grant, denial, or suspension of security facility approval. 1016.10 Section 1016.10 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (GENERAL PROVISIONS) SAFEGUARDING OF RESTRICTED DATA Physical Security § 1016.10 Grant, denial, or suspension of security facility approval...

  15. 10 CFR 1016.10 - Grant, denial, or suspension of security facility approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Grant, denial, or suspension of security facility approval. 1016.10 Section 1016.10 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (GENERAL PROVISIONS) SAFEGUARDING OF RESTRICTED DATA Physical Security § 1016.10 Grant, denial, or suspension of security facility approval...

  16. Prevention implications of AIDS discourses among South African women.

    PubMed

    Strebel, A

    1996-08-01

    Social constructionist and feminist analyses have done much to extend the understanding of AIDS beyond the biomedical to include social accounts of the constitution of AIDS knowledge and meanings. However, these frameworks have not translated easily into realistic responses to the paradox of women being seen as responsible for HIV prevention, while they lack the power to implement safe sex behavior. This study explores the range and interplay of discursive themes which South African women drew on regarding AIDS and identifies constraints and opportunities for realistic prevention. The research involved 14 focus group discussions with women. Two main interpretative repertoires regarding AIDS were identified from the texts: one concerning the medicalization and the other the stigmatization of the disease. Although these representations were not unchallenged, the pervasive sense was of denial of own risk, fear, and fatalism. However, the analysis highlighted the complexity of issues to be faced in developing effective prevention initiatives.

  17. Anders Breivik: Extreme Beliefs Mistaken for Psychosis.

    PubMed

    Rahman, Tahir; Resnick, Phillip J; Harry, Bruce

    2016-03-01

    The case of Anders Breivik, who committed mass murder in Norway in 2011, stirred controversy among forensic mental health experts. His bizarrely composed compendium and references to himself as the "Knights Templar" raised concerns that he had a psychotic mental illness. Beliefs such as Mr. Breivik's that precede odd, unusual, or extremely violent behavior present a unique challenge to the forensic evaluator, who sometimes struggles to understand those beliefs. Psychotic disorder frequently is invoked to characterize odd, unusual, or extreme beliefs, with a classification that has evolved over time. However, the important concept of overvalued idea, largely ignored in American psychiatry, may better characterize these beliefs in some cases. We discuss the definitions of delusion and overvalued ideas in the context of Anders Breivik's rigidly held extreme beliefs. We also review the British definition of overvalued idea and discuss McHugh's construct, to introduce the term "extreme overvalued belief" as an aid in sharpening the forensic evaluator's conceptualization of these and similar beliefs. © 2016 American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law.

  18. 45 CFR 1621.3 - Complaints by applicants about denial of legal assistance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Complaints by applicants about denial of legal assistance. 1621.3 Section 1621.3 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION CLIENT GRIEVANCE PROCEDURES § 1621.3 Complaints by applicants about denial of legal...

  19. 22 CFR 193.4 - Consideration and denial of claims: Notification of determinations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Consideration and denial of claims: Notification of determinations. 193.4 Section 193.4 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE HOSTAGE RELIEF BENEFITS FOR HOSTAGES IN IRAQ, KUWAIT, OR LEBANON § 193.4 Consideration and denial of claims: Notification...

  20. Ethical journalism in a time of AIDS.

    PubMed

    Krüger, Franz

    2005-11-01

    The media's role in fighting the AIDS pandemic has come under scrutiny due to the scale of the pandemic, the breadth of its impact and the accompanying stigma and denial. There have been calls for the mobilisation of the media in general, and journalists in particular, in spreading public health messages. Various studies have criticised the representation of the issue in the media. This paper addresses the question of how journalists should cover the pandemic, interrogating how the profession's generally accepted ethics apply in this situation. It considers how the imperatives of truthtelling - including fairness and accuracy, independence and minimising harm - apply in the context of reporting on HIV/AIDS. Finally, the paper presents a set of nine guidelines for journalistic coverage that have been accepted by the Southern African Editors Forum.

  1. 17 CFR 9.11 - Form, contents and delivery of notice of disciplinary or access denial action.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... notice of disciplinary or access denial action. 9.11 Section 9.11 Commodity and Securities Exchanges... OTHER ADVERSE ACTIONS Notice and Effective Date of Disciplinary Action or Access Denial Action § 9.11 Form, contents and delivery of notice of disciplinary or access denial action. (a) When required...

  2. 17 CFR 9.31 - Commission review of disciplinary or access denial action on its own motion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... disciplinary or access denial action on its own motion. 9.31 Section 9.31 Commodity and Securities Exchanges... Commission review of disciplinary or access denial action on its own motion. (a) Request for additional... denial action on its own motion. Other than in extraordinary circumstances, such review will be initiated...

  3. 17 CFR 9.31 - Commission review of disciplinary or access denial action on its own motion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... disciplinary or access denial action on its own motion. 9.31 Section 9.31 Commodity and Securities Exchanges... Commission review of disciplinary or access denial action on its own motion. (a) Request for additional... denial action on its own motion. Other than in extraordinary circumstances, such review will be initiated...

  4. 39 CFR 3003.5 - Appeals of denials of access or amendment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 39 Postal Service 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Appeals of denials of access or amendment. 3003.5 Section 3003.5 Postal Service POSTAL REGULATORY COMMISSION PERSONNEL PRIVACY ACT RULES § 3003.5 Appeals of denials of access or amendment. (a) If a request for access to or amendment of a record is denied, the requester may file a written appeal wit...

  5. 39 CFR 3003.5 - Appeals of denials of access or amendment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 39 Postal Service 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Appeals of denials of access or amendment. 3003.5 Section 3003.5 Postal Service POSTAL REGULATORY COMMISSION PERSONNEL PRIVACY ACT RULES § 3003.5 Appeals of denials of access or amendment. (a) If a request for access to or amendment of a record is denied, the requester may file a written appeal wit...

  6. 39 CFR 3003.5 - Appeals of denials of access or amendment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 39 Postal Service 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Appeals of denials of access or amendment. 3003.5 Section 3003.5 Postal Service POSTAL REGULATORY COMMISSION PERSONNEL PRIVACY ACT RULES § 3003.5 Appeals of denials of access or amendment. (a) If a request for access to or amendment of a record is denied, the requester may file a written appeal wit...

  7. 39 CFR 3003.5 - Appeals of denials of access or amendment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 39 Postal Service 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Appeals of denials of access or amendment. 3003.5 Section 3003.5 Postal Service POSTAL REGULATORY COMMISSION PERSONNEL PRIVACY ACT RULES § 3003.5 Appeals of denials of access or amendment. (a) If a request for access to or amendment of a record is denied, the requester may file a written appeal wit...

  8. 39 CFR 3003.5 - Appeals of denials of access or amendment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 39 Postal Service 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Appeals of denials of access or amendment. 3003.5 Section 3003.5 Postal Service POSTAL REGULATORY COMMISSION PERSONNEL PRIVACY ACT RULES § 3003.5 Appeals of denials of access or amendment. (a) If a request for access to or amendment of a record is denied, the requester may file a written appeal wit...

  9. Conspiracy Beliefs about the Origin of HIV/AIDS in Four Racial/Ethnic Groups

    PubMed Central

    Ross, Michael W.; Essien, E. James; Torres, Isabel

    2006-01-01

    We examined beliefs about the origin of HIV as a genocidal conspiracy in men and women of four racial/ethnic groups in a street intercept sample in Houston, Texas. Groups sampled were African American, Latino, non-Hispanic white, and Asian. Highest levels of conspiracy theories were found in women, and in African American and Latino populations (over a quarter of African Americans and over a fifth of Latinos) with slightly lower rates in whites (a fifth) and Asians less than one in ten). Reductions in condom use associated with such beliefs were however only apparent in African American men. Conspiracy beliefs were an independent predictor of reported condom use along with race/ethnicity, gender, education, and age group. Data suggest that genocidal conspiracy beliefs are relatively widespread in several racial/ethnic groups and that an understanding of the sources of these beliefs is important to determine their possible impact on HIV prevention and treatment behaviors. PMID:16540935

  10. Deep Learning Method for Denial of Service Attack Detection Based on Restricted Boltzmann Machine.

    PubMed

    Imamverdiyev, Yadigar; Abdullayeva, Fargana

    2018-06-01

    In this article, the application of the deep learning method based on Gaussian-Bernoulli type restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) to the detection of denial of service (DoS) attacks is considered. To increase the DoS attack detection accuracy, seven additional layers are added between the visible and the hidden layers of the RBM. Accurate results in DoS attack detection are obtained by optimization of the hyperparameters of the proposed deep RBM model. The form of the RBM that allows application of the continuous data is used. In this type of RBM, the probability distribution of the visible layer is replaced by a Gaussian distribution. Comparative analysis of the accuracy of the proposed method with Bernoulli-Bernoulli RBM, Gaussian-Bernoulli RBM, deep belief network type deep learning methods on DoS attack detection is provided. Detection accuracy of the methods is verified on the NSL-KDD data set. Higher accuracy from the proposed multilayer deep Gaussian-Bernoulli type RBM is obtained.

  11. Beliefs Underlying Messages of Anti-Cancer-Screening Websites in Japan: A Qualitative Analysis

    PubMed Central

    Okuhara, Tsuyoshi; Ishikawa, Hirono; Okada, Masahumi; Kato, Mio; Kiuchi, Takahiro

    2018-01-01

    Background: Cancer screening rates are lower in Japan than in Western countries. Meanwhile, anti-cancer-screening activists take to the internet to spread their messages that cancer screening has little or no efficacy, poses substantial health risks such as side effects from radiation exposure, and that people should forgo cancer screening. We applied a qualitative approach to explore the beliefs underlying the messages of anti-cancer-screening websites, by focusing on perceived value the beliefs provided to those who held them. Methods: We conducted online searches using Google Japan and Yahoo! Japan, targeting websites we classified as “pro,” “anti,” or “neutral” depending on their claims. We applied a dual analytic approach- inductive thematic analysis and deductive interpretative analysis- to the textual data of the anti websites. Results: Of the 88 websites analyzed, five themes that correspond to beliefs were identified: destruction of common knowledge, denial of standard cancer control, education about right cancer control, education about hidden truths, and sense of superiority that only I know the truth. Authors of anti websites ascribed two values (“safety of people” and “self-esteem”) to their beliefs. Conclusion: The beliefs of authors of anti-cancer-screening websites were supposed to be strong. It would be better to target in cancer screening promotion not outright screening refusers but screening hesitant people who are more amenable to changing their attitudes toward screening. The possible means to persuade them were discussed. PMID:29479993

  12. The use of denial in an ethnically diverse British cancer population: a cross-sectional study

    PubMed Central

    Roy, R; Symonds, R P; Kumar, D M; Ibrahim, K; Mitchell, A; Fallowfield, L

    2005-01-01

    A total of 82 Asian and 117 randomly selected white Caucasian patients at the Leicestershire Cancer Centre were assessed using measures of coping and adaption to cancer. On the Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC) scale, Asian patients were more fatalistic (P<0.0001) and had more significant hopeless/helpless scores (P=0.007). The two ethnic groups answered the three questions thought to assess denial differently. Caucasians were more likely not to dwell on their illness (73 vs 55.5%, P<0.0001) and agree with the statement ‘I have difficulty believing this is happening to me' (73 vs 60.5%, P<0.0001). However, Asian patients were more likely to agree with the statement ‘I don't really believe I have cancer' (48.2 vs 31.3%, P=0.019). Within both groups there was an association with denial and anxious preoccupation (P<0.001). On the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale, there was no difference in anxiety scores between either sexes or between the Asian and Caucasian groups. However, Asian patients were more depressed (P=0.001). Although denial was significantly related to the presence of both depression (P<0.0001) and anxiety (P=0.001) in the entire patient population, there were different predictors of denial in each subgroup. On multiple regression analysis depression was linked with denial in Caucasians, whereas Fighting Spirit (minus helplessness/hopelessness) was linked with denial in Asian patients. There are definite differences in coping styles in British cancer patients according to ethnicity. While significant numbers in both groups employ denial in some form, Caucasian patients appear to adapt to the psychological pressures of cancer more successfully than Asian patients at a particular point in time. Further work is required to elucidate longitudinal relationships between denial and adaption to cancer. PMID:15812548

  13. "It's natural to look for a source": A qualitative examination of alternative beliefs about HIV and AIDS in Cape Town, South Africa.

    PubMed

    Rubincam, Clara

    2017-04-01

    This article highlights how African men and women in South Africa account for the plausibility of alternative beliefs about the origins of HIV and the existence of a cure. This study draws on the notion of a "street-level epistemology of trust"-knowledge generated by individuals through their everyday observations and experiences-to account for individuals' trust or mistrust of official claims versus alternative explanations about HIV and AIDS. Focus group respondents describe how past experiences, combined with observations about the power of scientific developments and perceptions of disjunctures in information, fuel their uncertainty and skepticism about official claims. HIV prevention campaigns may be strengthened by drawing on experiential aspects of HIV and AIDS to lend credibility to scientific claims, while recognizing that some doubts about the trustworthiness of scientific evidence are a form of skeptical engagement rather than of outright rejection.

  14. 28 CFR 513.66 - Denials and appeals of Freedom of Information Act requests.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Denials and appeals of Freedom of... JUSTICE GENERAL MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION ACCESS TO RECORDS Release of Information Freedom of Information Act Requests for Information § 513.66 Denials and appeals of Freedom of Information Act requests...

  15. 22 CFR 214.51 - Administrative review of denial for public access to records.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Administrative review of denial for public access to records. 214.51 Section 214.51 Foreign Relations AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ADVISORY COMMITTEE MANAGEMENT Administrative Remedies § 214.51 Administrative review of denial for public access to...

  16. How Setswana Cultural Beliefs and Practices on Sexuality Affect Teachers' and Adolescents' Sexual Decisions, Practices, and Experiences as well as HIV/AIDS and STI Prevention in Select Botswanan Secondary Schools.

    PubMed

    Nleya, Paul T; Segale, Emelda

    2015-01-01

    The article reports on the aspects of a Botswana Ministry of Education and Skills Development (MoE & SD) HIV/AIDS Instructional Television (ITV) project modeled on a similar HIV/AIDS program implemented in Brazil. This Teacher Capacity Building Project (TCBP) in Botswana is in its initial years of implementation. Its overall goal is to contribute to the prevention and mitigation of the impact of HIV and AIDS by strengthening the capacity of the education and communication sectors to deliver interactive, distance HIV/AIDS education primarily to teachers so that they act as agents of behavior change among the in-school youth. One of the components of the TCBP program is a live teacher education television HIV/AIDS program called Talk Back program. Talk Back is a collaborative effort of the MoE & SD and the Botswana national television station. The Talk Back program involves development and implementation of weekly 1 hour live HIV/AIDS education interactive TV broadcasts for teachers. The development of the live programs is guided by a curriculum that provides a wide range of themes related to HIV/AIDS and education. This article reports the results of a survey of a sample of teachers and students at junior secondary schools and senior secondary schools, first, on their views and opinions regarding the Talk Back program as a TCBP. Second, how Setswana cultural beliefs, myths, and practices on sexuality affect teachers' and adolescents' sexual decisions, practices, and experiences as well as HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infection prevention. A questionnaire survey and focus group interviews were used as data collection instruments in selected secondary schools. The findings of the study suggest that the Talk Back program has not met much success as a TCBP. The findings further suggest that several myths, beliefs, misconceptions, and attitudes about HIV/AIDS exist among Botswana teachers and students and thus make it difficult for the Talk Back program to impart

  17. 7 CFR 1400.5 - Denial of program benefits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS AND POLICIES PAYMENT LIMITATION AND PAYMENT ELIGIBILITY FOR 2009 AND SUBSEQUENT CROP, PROGRAM, OR FISCAL YEARS General Provisions § 1400.5 Denial of program benefits...

  18. Enhancing Financial Performance: An Application of Lean Six Sigma to Reduce Insurance Claim Denials.

    PubMed

    Kovach, Jamison V; Borikar, Shrutika

    Health systems typically lose approximately 3% to 5% of net revenues annually due to insurance claim denials. While most denials can be appealed, the administrative burden of sorting through and appealing them can be time consuming and delays the revenue collection process. This article describes how the Lean Six Sigma methodology was used to improve the revenue cycle by reducing insurance claim denials for a leading pediatric hospital in the United States. The use of this approach is demonstrated through a case example focused on reducing denials by improving the hospital's Emergency Center registration process. Multiple pilot tests were performed to ensure the proposed changes sufficiently addressed the problem of missing/incomplete insurance information. Results indicated that the revised registration form reduced missing/incomplete fields by 67%. As a result, the revised form was implemented, which helped greatly reduce insurance claim denials. In addition to providing an example from which other health systems can learn to successfully implement Lean Six Sigma to enhance the performance of their revenue cycle, this work helped the hospital in which this research was performed improve its patient experience by making it easier for patients to complete their Emergency Center registration form.

  19. Study of Knowledge, Attitudes, Perceptions and Beliefs Regarding HIV and AIDS (KAPB). Memorandum Presented to the Directorate Primary Health Care of the Department of National Health and Population Development.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Du Plessis, G. E.; And Others

    This document reports on a study that assessed levels of knowledge, types of attitudes, perceptions, and beliefs (KAPB) of the general South African public regarding Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Interviews were conducted with 5,360 participants; survey data are summarized in 49…

  20. 26 CFR 1.667(a)-1A - Denial of refund to trusts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Denial of refund to trusts. 1.667(a)-1A Section 1.667(a)-1A Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME... Taxable Years Beginning Before January 1, 1969 § 1.667(a)-1A Denial of refund to trusts. If an amount is...

  1. 26 CFR 1.667(a)-1A - Denial of refund to trusts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Denial of refund to trusts. 1.667(a)-1A Section 1.667(a)-1A Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME... Beginning Before January 1, 1969 § 1.667(a)-1A Denial of refund to trusts. If an amount is deemed under...

  2. Self-efficacy for AIDS preventive behaviors among tenth grade students.

    PubMed

    Kasen, S; Vaughan, R D; Walter, H J

    1992-01-01

    To guide acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevention program planning, 181 tenth grade students residing in or near an AIDS epicenter completed a survey measuring past year involvement in sexual intercourse and condom use, beliefs about self-efficacy for AIDS preventive behaviors, and beliefs about susceptibility to and severity of AIDS, and outcome efficacy of AIDS preventive actions. A degree of uncertainty existed for all areas of self-efficacy surveyed: refusing sexual intercourse under a variety of circumstances, questioning sex partners about past risky behaviors, and correct and consistent condom use. Students were most uncertain of their ability to refuse sex with a desirable partner, under pressure, or after drinking alcohol or using marijuana; to purchase condoms, or use them consistently after drinking alcohol or using marijuana; and to question partners about past homosexual history. Those students with lower self-efficacy for refusing sex were twice as likely to have had sexual intercourse. Similarly, those students with lower self-efficacy for correct, consistent condom use were five times less likely to have used condoms consistently. These associations remained even after adjusting for the influence of other AIDS-related beliefs. Implications of these findings focus on exploiting the link between self-efficacy and behavior by building a prevention program that emphasizes skills-building rather than the traditional knowledge-only approach.

  3. Caregivers' and non-caregivers' knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS and attitude towards HIV/AIDS and orphans in Nigeria.

    PubMed

    Ohnishi, Mayumi; Nakamura, Keiko; Kizuki, Masashi; Seino, Kaoruko; Inose, Tomoko; Takano, Takehito

    2008-09-01

    Nigeria has an estimated 930,000 AIDS orphans, which has a marked impact on family and community. This study was performed to characterise caregivers' knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS and their attitude towards HIV/AIDS, orphans in general and AIDS orphans in particular. Caregivers and non-caregivers aged 25-70 years in Nigeria were interviewed from January and March 2003, and logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations between caregivers' knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS, orphans and AIDS orphans, and demographic characteristics and background status regarding HIV/AIDS and orphans. A total of 824 interviewees participated in the survey (82.4% response rate), of whom 290 (35.2%) were current caregivers of orphans. The mean number of orphans per current caregiver was 1.8 (standard deviation 1.4). Factors related to higher knowledge level regarding HIV/AIDS were female gender [odds ratio (OR) = 3.49; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.33, 5.22] and belief that AIDS is a common disease (OR = 3.39; 95% CI: 2.19, 5.26). Factors associated with positive attitudes towards HIV/AIDS, orphans in general and AIDS orphans in particular were age 35-44 years (OR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.69), Koranic schooling (OR = 8.69; 95% CI: 2.42, 31.19), polygamy (OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.17, 2.62), belief that there are increasing numbers of orphans in the community (OR = 2.59; 95% CI: 1.32, 5.08) and having relatives or friends with HIV/AIDS (OR = 2.88; 95% CI: 1.61, 1.58). There was a slight correlation (r = 0.17, P < 0.001) between caregivers' knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS and positive attitudes towards HIV/AIDS, orphans and AIDS orphans. Demographic characteristics and personal experience should be taken into consideration to improve attitudes and behaviour related to HIV/AIDS and caring for orphans and AIDS orphans.

  4. Denial of Chronic Illness and Disability: Part I. Theoretical, Functional, and Dynamic Perspectives

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Livneh, Hanoch

    2009-01-01

    Denial has been an integral part of the psychological and disability literature for more than 100 years. Yet, denial is an elusive concept and has been associated with mixed, indeed conflicting, theoretical perspectives, clinical strategies, and empirical findings. In this two-part article, the author provides an overview of the existing…

  5. 22 CFR 51.70 - Request for hearing to review certain denials and revocations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... and revocations. 51.70 Section 51.70 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Procedures for Review of Certain Denials and Revocations § 51.70 Request for hearing to review certain denials and revocations. (a) A person whose passport has been denied or revoked under 22 CFR 51.60...

  6. 22 CFR 51.70 - Request for hearing to review certain denials and revocations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... and revocations. 51.70 Section 51.70 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Procedures for Review of Certain Denials and Revocations § 51.70 Request for hearing to review certain denials and revocations. (a) A person whose passport has been denied or revoked under 22 CFR 51.60...

  7. 22 CFR 51.70 - Request for hearing to review certain denials and revocations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... and revocations. 51.70 Section 51.70 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Procedures for Review of Certain Denials and Revocations § 51.70 Request for hearing to review certain denials and revocations. (a) A person whose passport has been denied or revoked under 22 CFR 51.60...

  8. 22 CFR 51.70 - Request for hearing to review certain denials and revocations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... and revocations. 51.70 Section 51.70 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Procedures for Review of Certain Denials and Revocations § 51.70 Request for hearing to review certain denials and revocations. (a) A person whose passport has been denied or revoked under 22 CFR 51.60...

  9. 22 CFR 51.70 - Request for hearing to review certain denials and revocations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... and revocations. 51.70 Section 51.70 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE NATIONALITY AND PASSPORTS PASSPORTS Procedures for Review of Certain Denials and Revocations § 51.70 Request for hearing to review certain denials and revocations. (a) A person whose passport has been denied or revoked under 22 CFR 51.60...

  10. Cardiac Denial and Psychological Predictors of Cardiac Care Adherence in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease.

    PubMed

    White, Kamila S; Pardue, Caleb; Ludbrook, Philip; Sodhi, Sandeep; Esmaeeli, Amirhossein; Cedars, Ari

    2016-01-01

    The current study examined cardiac denial and psychological predictors (i.e., depression, anxiety) of health outcomes including medical nonadherence and physical health in a sample of 80 adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD). Results indicated that denial of impact was elevated in this patient group compared with reference groups, and denial was negatively associated with depression and anxiety at ps < .01. Results indicated that depression, anxiety, and denial predicted unique variance in medical nonadherence, and gender moderated the relationships between these psychological factors and nonadherence. For depression, men and women showed similar relationships between depression and nonadherence at high levels of depression; however, at low levels of depression (i.e., a more normal mood state), men were less adherent compared with women. For anxiety, men and women did not differ in adherence at low levels of anxiety; however, men experiencing high anxiety were less adherent compared with women experiencing high anxiety. Implications of this study are discussed including the role of gender and denial and the impact of denial functioning to reduce negative affect. Depression was the only significant predictor of physical functioning. Results of this study suggest that psychological interventions aimed at depression and anxiety may function differently across gender to improve patient medical adherence and improve physical functioning in ACHD. © The Author(s) 2015.

  11. Silence and Denial in Everyday Life—The Case of Animal Suffering

    PubMed Central

    Wicks, Deidre

    2011-01-01

    Simple Summary This paper analyses issues implicit in the question: How is it that decent and compassionate people co-exist in silence about widespread animal suffering? The paper explores the complex process of denial which operates at both a personal and societal level to allow people to ‘not see’ and ‘not know’ about the realities of the lives of animals in our world. The paper argues that silence allows animal suffering to exist and flourish at a historically unprecedented level at this time. It goes on to examine the conditions under which silence can be punctured and acknowledgement and action for animals becomes possible. Abstract How can we make sense of the fact that we live in a world where good people co-exist in silence about widespread animal suffering. How is it that sites of suffering such as laboratories, factory farms, abattoirs and animal transportation are all around us and yet we ‘do not, in a certain sense, know about them’ [1]. This ‘not knowing’ is one of the most difficult barriers for animal activists who must constantly develop new strategies in an attempt to catch public attention and translate it into action. Recent contributions from the ‘sociology of denial’ have elucidated many of the mechanisms involved in ‘not knowing’ in relation to human atrocities and genocide. In this context, ‘denial’ refers to the maintenance of social worlds in which an undesirable situation is unrecognized, ignored or made to seem normal [2]. These include different types of denial: personal, official and cultural, as well as the process of normalization whereby suffering becomes invisible through routinization, tolerance, accommodation, collusion and cover up. Denial and normalization reflect both personal and collective states where suffering is not acknowledged [3]. In this paper, I will examine insights from the sociology of denial and apply them to human denial and normalization of animal suffering. This will include an

  12. 13 CFR 120.192 - Approval or denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Approval or denial. 120.192 Section 120.192 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Policies... the reasons. If a loan is approved, an Authorization will be issued. ...

  13. 15 CFR 766.24 - Temporary denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... temporary denial orders were issued. Without limiting any other action BIS may take under the EAR with..., as defined in this section, of the EAA, the EAR, or any order, license or authorization issued... provided for in § 764.3(a)(2) of the EAR. (b) Issuance. (1) The Assistant Secretary may issue an order...

  14. 15 CFR 766.24 - Temporary denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... temporary denial orders were issued. Without limiting any other action BIS may take under the EAR with..., as defined in this section, of the EAA, the EAR, or any order, license or authorization issued... provided for in § 764.3(a)(2) of the EAR. (b) Issuance. (1) The Assistant Secretary may issue an order...

  15. 15 CFR 766.24 - Temporary denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... temporary denial orders were issued. Without limiting any other action BIS may take under the EAR with..., as defined in this section, of the EAA, the EAR, or any order, license or authorization issued... provided for in § 764.3(a)(2) of the EAR. (b) Issuance. (1) The Assistant Secretary may issue an order...

  16. 15 CFR 766.24 - Temporary denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... temporary denial orders were issued. Without limiting any other action BIS may take under the EAR with..., as defined in this section, of the EAA, the EAR, or any order, license or authorization issued... provided for in § 764.3(a)(2) of the EAR. (b) Issuance. (1) The Assistant Secretary may issue an order...

  17. 15 CFR 766.24 - Temporary denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... temporary denial orders were issued. Without limiting any other action BIS may take under the EAR with..., as defined in this section, of the EAA, the EAR, or any order, license or authorization issued... provided for in § 764.3(a)(2) of the EAR. (b) Issuance. (1) The Assistant Secretary may issue an order...

  18. 42 CFR 417.424 - Denial of enrollment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS, AND HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Enrollment, Entitlement, and Disenrollment under Medicare Contract § 417.424 Denial of... complying with any of the other contract qualifying conditions set forth in subpart J of this part; (3...

  19. 33 CFR 136.307 - Denial of designation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Denial of designation. 136.307 Section 136.307 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OIL SPILL LIABILITY TRUST FUND; CLAIMS...

  20. 33 CFR 136.307 - Denial of designation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Denial of designation. 136.307 Section 136.307 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OIL SPILL LIABILITY TRUST FUND; CLAIMS...

  1. 33 CFR 136.307 - Denial of designation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Denial of designation. 136.307 Section 136.307 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OIL SPILL LIABILITY TRUST FUND; CLAIMS...

  2. 33 CFR 136.307 - Denial of designation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Denial of designation. 136.307 Section 136.307 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OIL SPILL LIABILITY TRUST FUND; CLAIMS...

  3. 33 CFR 136.307 - Denial of designation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Denial of designation. 136.307 Section 136.307 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OIL SPILL LIABILITY TRUST FUND; CLAIMS...

  4. 40 CFR 1601.23 - Appeals of denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 1601.23 Protection of Environment CHEMICAL SAFETY AND HAZARD INVESTIGATION BOARD PROCEDURES FOR... requester may appeal the denial to: FOIA Appeals Officer, United States Chemical Safety and Hazard..., the request will be processed promptly in accordance with the decision on appeal. (d) Judicial review...

  5. 40 CFR 1601.23 - Appeals of denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 1601.23 Protection of Environment CHEMICAL SAFETY AND HAZARD INVESTIGATION BOARD PROCEDURES FOR... requester may appeal the denial to: FOIA Appeals Officer, United States Chemical Safety and Hazard..., the request will be processed promptly in accordance with the decision on appeal. (d) Judicial review...

  6. 40 CFR 1601.23 - Appeals of denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 1601.23 Protection of Environment CHEMICAL SAFETY AND HAZARD INVESTIGATION BOARD PROCEDURES FOR... requester may appeal the denial to: FOIA Appeals Officer, United States Chemical Safety and Hazard..., the request will be processed promptly in accordance with the decision on appeal. (d) Judicial review...

  7. 13 CFR 120.193 - Reconsideration after denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reconsideration after denial. 120.193 Section 120.193 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS... original request. To prevail, the applicant must demonstrate that it has overcome all legitimate reasons...

  8. Are Cultural Values and Beliefs Included in U.S. Based HIV Interventions?

    PubMed Central

    Wyatt, Gail E.; Williams, John K.; Gupta, Arpana; Malebranche, Dominique

    2013-01-01

    Objective To determine the extent to which current U.S. based HIV/AIDS prevention and risk reduction interventions address and include aspects of cultural beliefs in definitions, curricula, measures and related theories that may contradict current safer sex messages. Method A comprehensive literature review was conducted to determine which published HIV/AIDS prevention and risk reduction interventions incorporated aspects of cultural beliefs. Results This review of 166 HIV prevention and risk reduction interventions, published between 1988 and 2010, identified 34 interventions that varied in cultural definitions and the integration of cultural concepts. Conclusion HIV interventions need to move beyond targeting specific populations based upon race/ethnicity, gender, sexual, drug and/or risk behaviors and incorporate cultural beliefs and experiences pertinent to an individual’s risk. Theory based interventions that incorporate cultural beliefs within a contextual framework are needed if prevention and risk reduction messages are to reach targeted at risk populations. Implications for the lack of uniformity of cultural definitions, measures and related theories are discussed and recommendations are made to ensure that cultural beliefs are acknowledged for their potential conflict with safer sex skills and practices. PMID:21884721

  9. 25 CFR 1200.21 - How may a tribe appeal denials under this part?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 25 Indians 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false How may a tribe appeal denials under this part? 1200.21... tribe appeal denials under this part? If we deny a request or do not approve an application within 90 days of a request, the tribe may address any problems that we identify and resubmit a revised request...

  10. 22 CFR 171.35 - Denials of requests; appeals.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... denies a request for access to Privacy Act records, for amendment of such records, or for an accounting... the right to appeal the denial to the Appeals Review Panel in accordance with § 171.52. ...

  11. 27 CFR 479.65 - Denial of application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Denial of application. 479.65 Section 479.65 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION MACHINE GUNS, DESTRUCTIVE DEVICES, AND CERTAIN...

  12. 27 CFR 479.65 - Denial of application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Denial of application. 479.65 Section 479.65 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION MACHINE GUNS, DESTRUCTIVE DEVICES, AND CERTAIN...

  13. 27 CFR 479.65 - Denial of application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2012-04-01 2010-04-01 true Denial of application. 479.65 Section 479.65 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION MACHINE GUNS, DESTRUCTIVE DEVICES, AND CERTAIN...

  14. 27 CFR 479.65 - Denial of application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2011-04-01 2010-04-01 true Denial of application. 479.65 Section 479.65 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION MACHINE GUNS, DESTRUCTIVE DEVICES, AND CERTAIN...

  15. 27 CFR 479.65 - Denial of application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Denial of application. 479.65 Section 479.65 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION MACHINE GUNS, DESTRUCTIVE DEVICES, AND CERTAIN...

  16. A qualitative insight of HIV/AIDS patients' perspective on disease and disclosure.

    PubMed

    Syed, Imran Ahmed; Syed Sulaiman, Syed Azhar; Hassali, Mohammad Azmi; Thiruchelvum, Kaeshalya; Lee, Christopher K C

    2015-12-01

    Understanding patients' knowledge and belief towards disease could play a vital role from an outcome perspective of disease management and HIV/AIDS patients are not exception to that. Qualitative methodology was used to explore Malaysian HIV/AIDS patients' perspectives on disease and status disclosure. A semi structured interview guide was used to interview the patients and a saturation point was reached after the 13th interview. All interviews were audio-recorded and subjected to a standard content analysis framework. Understandings and beliefs towards HIV/AIDS and Perspective on disease disclosures were two main themes derived from patients' data. Beliefs towards causes and cure emerged as sub-themes under disease understandings while reasons for disclosure and non-disclosure were resulted as main sub-themes under disease disclosure. Majority of patients apprehended HIV/AIDS and its causes to acceptable extent, there were elements of spirituality and lack of education involved with such understandings. Though beliefs existed that knowing status is better than being ignorant, fear of stigma and discrimination, social consequences and family emotions were found important elements linked to disease non-disclosure. The outcomes provided basic information about patients' perceptions towards disease and status disclosure among HIV/AIDS patients which can help in the designing and improvising existing strategies to enhance disease awareness and acceptance and will also serve as baseline data for future research further focusing on this subject. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  17. 7 CFR 400.205 - Denial or termination of contract and administrative reassignment of business.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... reassignment of business. 400.205 Section 400.205 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture... administrative reassignment of business. Non-compliance with these standards will result in: (a) The denial of a Contract; or (b) Termination of an existing Contract. In the event of denial or termination of the Contract...

  18. Fluctuating confidence: the dynamic consequences of true/false affirmatives and denials on how a listener appraises their personal past.

    PubMed

    Davis, Jolee; Bayantemur, Sharon Y; Seecharan, Sasha; Unger, Leslie D; Hellgren, Johanna; Stone, Charles B

    2018-08-01

    The present study examined the mnemonic consequences of true/false denials and affirmatives on how a listener appraises their personal past. To this end, participants (listeners) rated the extent to which they were confident certain events occurred during their childhood. They rated these events both before and after a confederate (speaker) denied or affirmed the occurrence of four different childhood events each, for a total of eight "rehearsed" events. For each set (denials and affirmatives) of events, half were true and half were false. In turn, this created four types of events (two each): true denials, true affirmatives, false denials, and false affirmatives. Additionally, half of the participants were told that the speaker was provided independent information about the veracity of the event's occurrence ("expert" condition). Overall, listeners were less confident in the occurrence of false denial events, but more so when they believed the speaker to be more knowledgeable of the listeners memories, more confident in false affirmative events and, counter intuitively, more confident in the occurrence of true denial events. These results underscore the importance of a nuanced approach to the mnemonic consequences of true and false denials and affirmations in the course of social interactions.

  19. AIDS and Africa. Introduction.

    PubMed

    Kopelman, Loretta M; van Niekerk, Anton A

    2002-04-01

    Sub-Saharan Africa is the epicenter of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, and in this issue of the Journal, seven authors discuss the moral, social and medical implications of having 70% of those stricken living in this area. Anton A. van Niekerk considers complexities of plague in this region (poverty, denial, poor leadership, illiteracy, women's vulnerability, and disenchantment of intimacy) and the importance of finding responses that empower its people. Solomon Benatar reinforces these issues, but also discusses the role of global politics in sub-Saharan Africa, especially discrimination, imperialism and its exploitation by first world countries. Given the public health crisis, Udo Schüklenk and Richard E. Ashcroft defend compulsory licensing of essential HIV/AIDS medications on consequentialist grounds. Keymanthri Moodley discusses the importance of conducting research and the need to understand a moderate form of communitarianism, also referred to as "ubuntu" or "communalism", to help some Africans understand research as an altruistic endeavour. Godfrey B. Tangwa also defends traditional African values of empathy and ubuntu, discussing how they should be enlisted to fight this pandemic. Loretta M. Kopelman criticizes the tendency among those outside Africa to dismiss the HIV/AIDS pandemic, attributing one source to the ubiquitous and misguided punishment theory of disease. The authors conclude that good solutions must be cooperative ventures among countries within and outside of sub-Saharan Africa with far more support from wealthy countries.

  20. Beliefs, Experience, and Interest in Pharmacotherapy among Smokers with HIV

    PubMed Central

    McQueen, Amy; Shacham, Enbal; Sumner, Walton; Overton, E. Turner

    2014-01-01

    Objectives To examine beliefs, prior use, and interest in using pharmacotherapy among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Methods Cross-sectional survey of smokers in a midwestern HIV clinic. Results The sample (N = 146) included 69% men, 82% African American, 45% were in precontemplation for quitting, and 46% were interested in using pharmacotherapy. Primary reasons for non-use included cost and a belief that they would be able to quit on their own. Physician’s assistance was the strongest correlate of prior use. Perceived benefits and self-efficacy were the strongest correlates of willingness to use pharmacotherapy. Conclusions Future interventions should address misconceptions, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy for using cessation aids. Physicians should offer pharmacotherapy to all smokers. PMID:24629557

  1. Denial of illness in schizophrenia as a disturbance of self-reflection, self-perception and insight.

    PubMed

    Bedford, Nicholas J; David, Anthony S

    2014-01-01

    A substantial proportion of schizophrenia patients deny aspects of their illness to others, which may indicate a deeper disturbance of 'insight' and a self-reflection deficit. The present study used a 'levels-of-processing' mnemonic paradigm to examine whether such patients engage in particularly brief and shallow self-reflection during mental illness-related self-evaluation. 26 schizophrenia patients with either an overall acceptance or denial of their illness and 25 healthy controls made timed decisions about the self-descriptiveness, other-person-descriptiveness and phonological properties of mental illness traits, negative traits and positive traits, before completing surprise tests of retrieval for these traits. The acceptance patients and denial patients were particularly slow in their mental illness-related self-evaluation, indicating that they both found this exercise particularly difficult. Both patient groups displayed intact recognition but particularly reduced recall for self-evaluated traits in general, possibly indicating poor organisational processing during self-reflection. Lower recall for self-evaluated mental illness traits significantly correlated with higher denial of illness and higher illness-severity. Whilst explicit and implicit measures of self-perception corresponded in the healthy controls (who displayed an intact positive>negative 'self-positivity bias') and acceptance patients (who displayed a reduced self-positivity bias), the denial patients' self-positivity bias was explicitly intact but implicitly reduced. Schizophrenia patients, regardless of their illness-attitudes, have a particular deficit in recalling new self-related information that worsens with increasing denial of illness. This deficit may contribute towards rigid self-perception and disturbed self-awareness and insight in patients with denial of illness. © 2013.

  2. 45 CFR 1701.6 - Form of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... INFORMATION SCIENCE DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION § 1701.6 Form of denial. A reply denying a request shall be in... Libraries and Information Science, Suite 601, 1717 K Street NW., Washington, DC 20036, and (d) that judicial... exemptions under the Freedom of Information Act authorizing the withholding of the record, (b) brief...

  3. 45 CFR 1701.6 - Form of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... INFORMATION SCIENCE DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION § 1701.6 Form of denial. A reply denying a request shall be in... Libraries and Information Science, Suite 601, 1717 K Street NW., Washington, DC 20036, and (d) that judicial... exemptions under the Freedom of Information Act authorizing the withholding of the record, (b) brief...

  4. 45 CFR 1701.6 - Form of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... INFORMATION SCIENCE DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION § 1701.6 Form of denial. A reply denying a request shall be in... Libraries and Information Science, Suite 601, 1717 K Street NW., Washington, DC 20036, and (d) that judicial... exemptions under the Freedom of Information Act authorizing the withholding of the record, (b) brief...

  5. 45 CFR 1701.6 - Form of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... INFORMATION SCIENCE DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION § 1701.6 Form of denial. A reply denying a request shall be in... Libraries and Information Science, Suite 601, 1717 K Street NW., Washington, DC 20036, and (d) that judicial... exemptions under the Freedom of Information Act authorizing the withholding of the record, (b) brief...

  6. 45 CFR 1701.6 - Form of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... INFORMATION SCIENCE DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION § 1701.6 Form of denial. A reply denying a request shall be in... Libraries and Information Science, Suite 601, 1717 K Street NW., Washington, DC 20036, and (d) that judicial... exemptions under the Freedom of Information Act authorizing the withholding of the record, (b) brief...

  7. 7 CFR 2901.7 - Review of denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Review of denials. 2901.7 Section 2901.7 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF ENERGY POLICY AND NEW USES, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES FOR ADJUSTMENTS OF NATURAL GAS CURTAILMENT PRIORITY § 2901.7 Review of...

  8. 7 CFR 2901.7 - Review of denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Review of denials. 2901.7 Section 2901.7 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF ENERGY POLICY AND NEW USES, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES FOR ADJUSTMENTS OF NATURAL GAS CURTAILMENT PRIORITY § 2901.7 Review of...

  9. 7 CFR 2901.7 - Review of denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Review of denials. 2901.7 Section 2901.7 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF ENERGY POLICY AND NEW USES, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES FOR ADJUSTMENTS OF NATURAL GAS CURTAILMENT PRIORITY § 2901.7 Review of...

  10. 7 CFR 2901.7 - Review of denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Review of denials. 2901.7 Section 2901.7 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF ENERGY POLICY AND NEW USES, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES FOR ADJUSTMENTS OF NATURAL GAS CURTAILMENT PRIORITY § 2901.7 Review of...

  11. 27 CFR 447.44 - Permit denial, revocation or suspension.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ..., TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION IMPORTATION OF ARMS, AMMUNITION AND IMPLEMENTS OF WAR Permits § 447.44 Permit denial, revocation or suspension. (a) Import permits...

  12. 27 CFR 447.44 - Permit denial, revocation or suspension.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ..., TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION IMPORTATION OF ARMS, AMMUNITION AND IMPLEMENTS OF WAR Permits § 447.44 Permit denial, revocation or suspension. (a) Import permits...

  13. 27 CFR 447.44 - Permit denial, revocation or suspension.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ..., TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION IMPORTATION OF ARMS, AMMUNITION AND IMPLEMENTS OF WAR Permits § 447.44 Permit denial, revocation or suspension. (a) Import permits...

  14. 27 CFR 447.44 - Permit denial, revocation or suspension.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ..., TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION IMPORTATION OF ARMS, AMMUNITION AND IMPLEMENTS OF WAR Permits § 447.44 Permit denial, revocation or suspension. (a) Import permits...

  15. 27 CFR 447.44 - Permit denial, revocation or suspension.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ..., TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION IMPORTATION OF ARMS, AMMUNITION AND IMPLEMENTS OF WAR Permits § 447.44 Permit denial, revocation or suspension. (a) Import permits...

  16. Children's Understanding That Utterances Emanate from Minds: Using Speaker Belief To Aid Interpretation.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mitchell, Peter; Robinson, Elizabeth J.; Thompson, Doreen E.

    1999-01-01

    Three experiments examined 3- to 6-year olds' ability to use a speaker's utterance based on false belief to identify which of several referents was intended. Found that many 4- to 5-year olds performed correctly only when it was unnecessary to consider the speaker's belief. When the speaker gave an ambiguous utterance, many 3- to 6-year olds…

  17. Parental Denial: A Supportive and Productive Mechanism Following Traumatic Brain Injury of a Child.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Williams, Dennis

    Although denial is usually viewed as a mechanism which impedes a family's adjusting to a child's permanent disability, the mechanism may also be viewed as a family ally which contributes to recovery and positive outcomes in brain-injured children. This paper reviews several types of denial seen in clinical settings and provides examples of both…

  18. 33 CFR 138.120 - Certificates, denial or revocation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER POLLUTION (VESSELS) AND OPA 90 LIMITS OF LIABILITY (VESSELS AND DEEPWATER PORTS) Financial Responsibility for Water Pollution (Vessels) § 138.120 Certificates, denial or revocation. (a) The Director, NPFC...

  19. 33 CFR 138.120 - Certificates, denial or revocation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER POLLUTION (VESSELS) AND OPA 90 LIMITS OF LIABILITY (VESSELS AND DEEPWATER PORTS) Financial Responsibility for Water Pollution (Vessels) § 138.120 Certificates, denial or revocation. (a) The Director, NPFC...

  20. 33 CFR 138.120 - Certificates, denial or revocation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER POLLUTION (VESSELS) AND OPA 90 LIMITS OF LIABILITY (VESSELS AND DEEPWATER PORTS) Financial Responsibility for Water Pollution (Vessels) § 138.120 Certificates, denial or revocation. (a) The Director, NPFC...

  1. 33 CFR 138.120 - Certificates, denial or revocation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER POLLUTION (VESSELS) AND OPA 90 LIMITS OF LIABILITY (VESSELS AND DEEPWATER PORTS) Financial Responsibility for Water Pollution (Vessels) § 138.120 Certificates, denial or revocation. (a) The Director, NPFC...

  2. 33 CFR 138.120 - Certificates, denial or revocation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER POLLUTION (VESSELS) AND OPA 90 LIMITS OF LIABILITY (VESSELS AND DEEPWATER PORTS) Financial Responsibility for Water Pollution (Vessels) § 138.120 Certificates, denial or revocation. (a) The Director, NPFC...

  3. Are cultural values and beliefs included in U.S. based HIV interventions?

    PubMed

    Wyatt, Gail E; Williams, John K; Gupta, Arpana; Malebranche, Dominique

    2012-11-01

    To determine the extent to which current United States based human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) prevention and risk reduction interventions address and include aspects of cultural beliefs in definitions, curricula, measures and related theories that may contradict current safer sex messages. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to determine which published human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) prevention and risk reduction interventions incorporated aspects of cultural beliefs. This review of 166 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention and risk reduction interventions, published between 1988 and 2010, identified 34 interventions that varied in cultural definitions and the integration of cultural concepts. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) interventions need to move beyond targeting specific populations based upon race/ethnicity, gender, sexual, drug and/or risk behaviors and incorporate cultural beliefs and experiences pertinent to an individual's risk. Theory based interventions that incorporate cultural beliefs within a contextual framework are needed if prevention and risk reduction messages are to reach targeted at risk populations. Implications for the lack of uniformity of cultural definitions, measures and related theories are discussed and recommendations are made to ensure that cultural beliefs are acknowledged for their potential conflict with safer sex skills and practices. Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  4. 11 CFR 4.8 - Appeal of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... been received by the Commission, may appeal the adverse determination or the failure to respond by... writing, shall clearly and prominently state on the envelope or other cover and at the top of the first... will not entertain any appeal from an alleged denial or failure to comply with an oral request. Any...

  5. 30 CFR 47.87 - Review of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... COMMUNICATION (HazCom) Trade Secret Hazardous Chemical § 47.87 Review of denial. (a) The health professional... review must include a copy of— (1) The request for disclosure of the identity of the trade secret... that the identity of the trade secret chemical should have been disclosed, the operator will be subject...

  6. 30 CFR 47.87 - Review of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... COMMUNICATION (HazCom) Trade Secret Hazardous Chemical § 47.87 Review of denial. (a) The health professional... review must include a copy of— (1) The request for disclosure of the identity of the trade secret... that the identity of the trade secret chemical should have been disclosed, the operator will be subject...

  7. 30 CFR 47.87 - Review of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... COMMUNICATION (HazCom) Trade Secret Hazardous Chemical § 47.87 Review of denial. (a) The health professional... review must include a copy of— (1) The request for disclosure of the identity of the trade secret... that the identity of the trade secret chemical should have been disclosed, the operator will be subject...

  8. 30 CFR 47.87 - Review of denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... COMMUNICATION (HazCom) Trade Secret Hazardous Chemical § 47.87 Review of denial. (a) The health professional... review must include a copy of— (1) The request for disclosure of the identity of the trade secret... that the identity of the trade secret chemical should have been disclosed, the operator will be subject...

  9. 42 CFR 401.144 - Denial of requests.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    .... (a) General authority. Only the Director, Office of Public Affairs, CMS, and the Regional Directors of Public Affairs, HHS, are authorized to deny written requests to obtain, inspect or copy any CMS... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Denial of requests. 401.144 Section 401.144 Public...

  10. Early conversational environment enables spontaneous belief attribution in deaf children.

    PubMed

    Meristo, Marek; Strid, Karin; Hjelmquist, Erland

    2016-12-01

    Previous research suggests that deaf children who grow up with hearing parents display considerable difficulties in understanding mental states of others, up to their teenage years when explicitly asked in a verbal test situation (Meristo et al., 2007). On the other hand, typically developing pre-verbal infants display evidence of spontaneous false belief attribution when tested in looking-time tasks, although verbal tests are typically not passed before the age of 4years (Onishi & Baillargeon, 2005). The purpose of the present study was to examine whether deaf children of hearing parents are able to demonstrate spontaneous belief attribution in a non-verbal eye-tracking task. Thirty 4- to 8-year-old, deaf and hearing children, completed a non-verbal spontaneous-response false-belief task and a verbal elicited-response false-belief task. The deaf children were either children with cochlear implants or children with hearing aids. Comparative analyses were also carried out with a previous sample of deaf and hearing 2-year-olds (reported in Meristo, Morgan, et al., 2012). We found that in the non-verbal spontaneous-response task typically hearing children, but not deaf children, were able to predict that a person with a false belief about an object's location will search erroneously for the object. However, hearing children and deaf children with implants, but not deaf children with hearing aids, passed the verbal elicited-response task. Language development was significantly correlated with both types of false-belief tasks for the whole sample. Our findings strengthen the hypothesis that the emergence of the ability to recognize others' beliefs needs to be supported initially by very early conversational input in dialogues with caregivers. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  11. 78 FR 8123 - Rodenticides; Notice of Intent To Cancel Registrations of, and Notice of Denial of Applications...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-05

    ... To Cancel Registrations of, and Notice of Denial of Applications for, Certain Rodenticide Bait...) of FIFRA, EPA hereby announces the denial of applications for registration of 2 products identified... 8124

  12. 33 CFR 135.223 - Certificates, denial or revocation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Certificates, denial or revocation. 135.223 Section 135.223 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION...

  13. 33 CFR 135.223 - Certificates, denial or revocation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Certificates, denial or revocation. 135.223 Section 135.223 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION...

  14. 33 CFR 135.223 - Certificates, denial or revocation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Certificates, denial or revocation. 135.223 Section 135.223 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION...

  15. 33 CFR 135.223 - Certificates, denial or revocation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Certificates, denial or revocation. 135.223 Section 135.223 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION...

  16. 33 CFR 135.223 - Certificates, denial or revocation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Certificates, denial or revocation. 135.223 Section 135.223 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION...

  17. Seeking the Influence of Cooney, Shealy, and Arvold's (1998) Belief Structures

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gomez, Carlos Nicolas; Conner, AnnaMarie

    2017-01-01

    Cooney, Shealy, and Arvold (1998) wrote a widely-cited paper that described four belief structures of prospective teachers and argued the structures can aid in describing the ways beliefs change and the influence of authority on the individual. In this paper, we investigate the impact of this manuscript on the field. We first conducted a…

  18. Iran's Denial of Education to Baha'is

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Clarken, Rodney H.

    2009-01-01

    This paper briefly describes the background of the persecution of the Baha'is in Iran, especially the denial of education, and explores what could be done to alleviate this injustice, including enlisting the support of nations, organizations, media and people around the world. Baha'is are the largest religious minority in Iran and have been…

  19. AIDS-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behaviors in Los Angeles County

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-01-01

    information: results of logistic regression ............................. 76 A.7. Predictors of who uses pamphlets/ brochures as a major source of AIDS...often (by 60 percent of the respondents). Brochures and pamphlets about AIDS from local, state, or federal agencies were mentioned by 25 percent of all...8217 KNOWLEDGE OF INFORMATION SOURCES ABOUT AIDS Single Most Any Trustworthy Source Mention a Mention TV/radio 73 19 Magazines/newspapers 59 7 Brochures

  20. Using "Making Sense of Climate Science Denial" MOOC videos in a college course

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Schuenemann, K. C.; Cook, J.

    2015-12-01

    The Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) "Denial101x: Making Sense of Climate Science Denial" teaches students to make sense of the science and respond to climate change denial. The course is made up of a series of short, myth-debunking lecture videos that can be strategically used in college courses. The videos and the visuals within have proven a great resource for an introductory college level climate change course. Methods for using the videos in both online and in-classroom courses will be presented, as well as student reactions and learning from the videos. The videos introduce and explain a climate science topic, then paraphrase a common climate change myth, explain why the myth is wrong by identifying the characteristic of climate denial used, and concludes by reinforcing the correct science. By focusing on common myths, the MOOC has made an archive of videos that can be used by anyone in need of a 5-minute response to debunk a myth. By also highlighting five characteristics of climate denial: fake experts, logical fallacies, impossible expectations, cherry picking, and conspiracy theories (FLICC), the videos also teach the viewer the skills they need to critically examine myths they may encounter in the real world on a variety of topics. The videos also include a series of expert scientist interviews that can be used to drive home points, as well as put some faces to the science. These videos are freely available outside of the MOOC and can be found under the relevant "Most used climate myths" section on the skepticalscience.com webpage, as well as directly on YouTube. Discover ideas for using videos in future courses, regardless of discipline.

  1. 49 CFR 451.18 - Review of denials of approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.18 Review of denials of approval. (a) An applicant aggrieved by a decision of an approval...

  2. 49 CFR 451.18 - Review of denials of approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.18 Review of denials of approval. (a) An applicant aggrieved by a decision of an approval...

  3. 49 CFR 451.18 - Review of denials of approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.18 Review of denials of approval. (a) An applicant aggrieved by a decision of an approval...

  4. 49 CFR 451.18 - Review of denials of approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.18 Review of denials of approval. (a) An applicant aggrieved by a decision of an approval...

  5. 49 CFR 451.18 - Review of denials of approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.18 Review of denials of approval. (a) An applicant aggrieved by a decision of an approval...

  6. Analysis of the Relationship between Neonaticide and Denial of Pregnancy Using Data from Judicial Files

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Vellut, Natacha; Cook, Jon M.; Tursz, Anne

    2012-01-01

    Objectives: Using judicial files on neonaticides, (1) to examine the frequency of the association between neonaticide and denial of pregnancy; (2) to assess the accuracy of the concept of denial of pregnancy; (3) to examine its usefulness in programs to prevent neonaticides. Methods: Quantitative and qualitative analyses of data collected from…

  7. 14 CFR 415.27 - Denial of policy approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 415.27 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION LICENSING LAUNCH LICENSE Policy Review and Approval § 415.27 Denial of policy approval. The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if it has denied policy approval for a license...

  8. 14 CFR 415.27 - Denial of policy approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 415.27 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION LICENSING LAUNCH LICENSE Policy Review and Approval § 415.27 Denial of policy approval. The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if it has denied policy approval for a license...

  9. Therapist-Aided Exposure for Women with Lifelong Vaginismus: Mediators of Treatment Outcome: A Randomized Waiting List Control Trial.

    PubMed

    Ter Kuile, Moniek M; Melles, Reinhilde J; Tuijnman-Raasveld, Charlotte C; de Groot, Helen E; van Lankveld, Jacques J D M

    2015-08-01

    Therapist-aided exposure seems an effective treatment for lifelong vaginismus, but mechanisms of action have not yet been established. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether treatment outcome of a therapist-aided exposure treatment was mediated by changes in positive and negative penetration beliefs or feelings of sexual disgust. Participants with lifelong vaginismus were allocated at random to a 3-month exposure (n = 35) or a waiting list control condition (n = 35). Full intercourse was assessed daily during 12 weeks. Secondary outcome measures (complaints about vaginismus and coital pain) were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks. Possible mediators: penetration beliefs (catastrophic pain beliefs, genital incompatibility beliefs, perceived control beliefs) and feelings of sexual disgust were assessed at baseline and 6 weeks. Treatment outcome (coital frequency, symptoms of vaginismus, and coital pain) at 12 weeks was mediated by changes in negative and positive penetration beliefs at 6 weeks, in particular by more pronounced reduction of catastrophic pain penetration beliefs. No evidence was found that changes in feelings of sexual disgust mediated treatment outcome. The results strongly suggest that therapist-aided exposure affects negative penetration beliefs and that these changes in negative penetration beliefs mediate treatment outcome in women with lifelong vaginismus. Implications for treatment are discussed. © 2015 International Society for Sexual Medicine.

  10. 32 CFR 1642.8 - Statement of reason for denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... in turn, be supported by evidence in the registrant's file. (b) If a board's denial is based on statements by the registrant or his witnesses at a personal appearance, this must be fully explained in the...

  11. 27 CFR 478.72 - Hearing after application denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Hearing after application denial. 478.72 Section 478.72 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION COMMERCE IN FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION...

  12. 27 CFR 478.72 - Hearing after application denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Hearing after application denial. 478.72 Section 478.72 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION COMMERCE IN FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION...

  13. 27 CFR 478.72 - Hearing after application denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Hearing after application denial. 478.72 Section 478.72 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION COMMERCE IN FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION...

  14. 27 CFR 478.72 - Hearing after application denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2011-04-01 2010-04-01 true Hearing after application denial. 478.72 Section 478.72 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION COMMERCE IN FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION...

  15. 27 CFR 478.72 - Hearing after application denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2012-04-01 2010-04-01 true Hearing after application denial. 478.72 Section 478.72 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION COMMERCE IN FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION...

  16. 14 CFR 67.409 - Denial of medical certificate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... or partly reverses the issue of a medical certificate by an aviation medical examiner is the denial... Section 67.409 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION... certificate. (a) Any person who is denied a medical certificate by an aviation medical examiner may, within 30...

  17. 14 CFR 67.409 - Denial of medical certificate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... or partly reverses the issue of a medical certificate by an aviation medical examiner is the denial... Section 67.409 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION... certificate. (a) Any person who is denied a medical certificate by an aviation medical examiner may, within 30...

  18. 14 CFR 67.409 - Denial of medical certificate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... or partly reverses the issue of a medical certificate by an aviation medical examiner is the denial... Section 67.409 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION... certificate. (a) Any person who is denied a medical certificate by an aviation medical examiner may, within 30...

  19. Avoidable Technical and Clinical Denial Write-Off Management in Hospitals, Physician Offices, and Clinics.

    PubMed

    Terra, Sandra Marlene; Byrne, Amanda

    2016-01-01

    This article reviews the various types of technical and clinical denials that are usually "written off" and proposes strategies to prevent this loss. For purposes of this writing, avoidable technical and clinical denial write-offs are defined as revenue lost from "first-pass" denials rejections. For example, a procedure that requires an authorization is performed without having had an authorization obtained. After appeals and attempts to recoup the revenue, often unsuccessful, the organization ultimately "writes off" the revenue as not collectable. The question to ask is: Are these claims really not collectable or can actionable steps be taken to conserve these dollars and improve the bottom line? Acute care hospitals, physician offices, and clinics. In today's environment, the need to manage costs is ubiquitous. Cost management is on the priority list of all savvy health care executives, even if margins are healthy, revenue is under pressure, and the magnitude of cost reduction needed is greater than what past efforts have achieved. As hospitals and physician clinics prioritize areas for improvement, reduction in lost revenue-especially avoidable lost revenue-should be at the top of the list. Attentively managing claim denial write-offs will significantly reduce lost revenue. There is significant interface between case management and the revenue cycle. Developing core competencies for reducing clinical and technical denials should be a critical imperative in overall cost management strategy. Case managers are well placed to prevent these unnecessary losses through accurate status determination and clinical documentation review. These clinical professionals can also provide insight into work flow and other processes inherent in the preauthorization process.

  20. 50 CFR 501.8 - Appeal of initial denial of a request for amendment or correction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... OF THE PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 501.8 Appeal of initial denial of a request for amendment or correction... Director within 90 days after the date of the initial denial. (b) The Director shall issue a final... transmitted promptly to the individual and to the Privacy Officer. The Privacy Officer shall make the...

  1. The response of religious congregations to the spiritual needs of people living with HIV/AIDS.

    PubMed

    Somlai, A M; Heckman, T G; Kelly, J A; Mulry, G W; Multhauf, K E

    1997-01-01

    Investigates the perceptions and responses of members of five diverse religious congregations to the spiritual needs of people living with AIDS, the impact of AIDS on membership participation, and the beliefs held by different congregations regarding AIDS. Evaluates and compares the AIDS-related perceptions of 204 participants in five congregations (Buddhists, Catholic, Fundamental Christians, Protestants, and Unitarians). Results indicated that congregations differed in how their members responded to the spiritual needs of people living with HIV/AIDS, the level of influence AIDS had on membership participation in formal religions, and whether AIDS was seen as the result of sinful behavior or divine retribution. Concludes that the congregational differences appeared consistent with the core beliefs of the faith communities. Suggests that clergy and congregations need to take specific steps to provide spiritual support to people living with HIV/AIDS consistent with their history of caregiving to all people regardless of the crisis situation.

  2. 32 CFR 1639.8 - Statement of reason for denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ...) must in turn, be supported by evidence in the registrant's file. (b) If a board's denial is based on statements by the registrant or his witnesses at a personal appearance, this must be fully explained in the...

  3. Insurance Claims: A Study in Denials

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-11-17

    another, therefore, would want to do better. Recommendations One of the more popular problem solving techniques in use today is The Six Sigma DMAIC ...Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) Approach. If the BHS had known and used the Six Sigma DMAIC , this would have set the foundation on the...process to possibly achieve better and/faster results in their denial rates. The Six Sigma DMAIC approach can or should be utilized in the development

  4. 15 CFR 720.1 - Denial of export privileges for convictions under 18 U.S.C. 229.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... threatening to use, a chemical weapon; or (b) Assisting or inducing, in any way, any person to violate... Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION REGULATIONS DENIAL OF EXPORT PRIVILEGES § 720.1 Denial of export privileges for...

  5. 15 CFR 720.1 - Denial of export privileges for convictions under 18 U.S.C. 229.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... threatening to use, a chemical weapon; or (b) Assisting or inducing, in any way, any person to violate... Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION REGULATIONS DENIAL OF EXPORT PRIVILEGES § 720.1 Denial of export privileges for...

  6. 14 CFR 431.27 - Denial of policy approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Denial of policy approval. 431.27 Section 431.27 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION.... The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if the FAA has denied policy approval for an RLV mission...

  7. 14 CFR 431.27 - Denial of policy approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Denial of policy approval. 431.27 Section 431.27 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION.... The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if the FAA has denied policy approval for an RLV mission...

  8. 14 CFR 431.27 - Denial of policy approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Denial of policy approval. 431.27 Section 431.27 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION.... The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if the FAA has denied policy approval for an RLV mission...

  9. 14 CFR 431.27 - Denial of policy approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denial of policy approval. 431.27 Section 431.27 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION.... The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if the FAA has denied policy approval for an RLV mission...

  10. 14 CFR 431.27 - Denial of policy approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Denial of policy approval. 431.27 Section 431.27 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION.... The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if the FAA has denied policy approval for an RLV mission...

  11. 14 CFR 431.47 - Denial of safety approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Denial of safety approval. 431.47 Section 431.47 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION.... The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if the FAA has denied safety approval for an RLV mission...

  12. 14 CFR 431.47 - Denial of safety approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Denial of safety approval. 431.47 Section 431.47 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION.... The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if the FAA has denied safety approval for an RLV mission...

  13. 14 CFR 431.47 - Denial of safety approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Denial of safety approval. 431.47 Section 431.47 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION.... The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if the FAA has denied safety approval for an RLV mission...

  14. 14 CFR 431.47 - Denial of safety approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Denial of safety approval. 431.47 Section 431.47 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION.... The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if the FAA has denied safety approval for an RLV mission...

  15. 14 CFR 431.47 - Denial of safety approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denial of safety approval. 431.47 Section 431.47 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION.... The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if the FAA has denied safety approval for an RLV mission...

  16. 24 CFR 960.204 - Denial of admission for criminal activity or drug abuse by household members.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... activity or drug abuse by household members. 960.204 Section 960.204 Housing and Urban Development... HOUSING Admission § 960.204 Denial of admission for criminal activity or drug abuse by household members. (a) Required denial of admission—(1) Persons evicted for drug-related criminal activity. The PHA...

  17. 24 CFR 960.204 - Denial of admission for criminal activity or drug abuse by household members.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... activity or drug abuse by household members. 960.204 Section 960.204 Housing and Urban Development... HOUSING Admission § 960.204 Denial of admission for criminal activity or drug abuse by household members. (a) Required denial of admission—(1) Persons evicted for drug-related criminal activity. The PHA...

  18. 24 CFR 960.204 - Denial of admission for criminal activity or drug abuse by household members.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... activity or drug abuse by household members. 960.204 Section 960.204 Housing and Urban Development... HOUSING Admission § 960.204 Denial of admission for criminal activity or drug abuse by household members. (a) Required denial of admission—(1) Persons evicted for drug-related criminal activity. The PHA...

  19. 24 CFR 960.204 - Denial of admission for criminal activity or drug abuse by household members.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... activity or drug abuse by household members. 960.204 Section 960.204 Housing and Urban Development... HOUSING Admission § 960.204 Denial of admission for criminal activity or drug abuse by household members. (a) Required denial of admission—(1) Persons evicted for drug-related criminal activity. The PHA...

  20. 24 CFR 960.204 - Denial of admission for criminal activity or drug abuse by household members.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... activity or drug abuse by household members. 960.204 Section 960.204 Housing and Urban Development... HOUSING Admission § 960.204 Denial of admission for criminal activity or drug abuse by household members. (a) Required denial of admission—(1) Persons evicted for drug-related criminal activity. The PHA...

  1. 32 CFR 701.30 - Initial Denial Authority (IDA).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Initial Denial Authority (IDA). 701.30 Section 701.30 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY UNITED STATES NAVY... geographical areas of responsibility or chain of command; fees; to review a fee estimate; and to confirm that...

  2. 32 CFR 701.30 - Initial Denial Authority (IDA).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 5 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Initial Denial Authority (IDA). 701.30 Section 701.30 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY UNITED STATES NAVY... geographical areas of responsibility or chain of command; fees; to review a fee estimate; and to confirm that...

  3. 32 CFR 701.30 - Initial Denial Authority (IDA).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 5 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Initial Denial Authority (IDA). 701.30 Section 701.30 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY UNITED STATES NAVY... geographical areas of responsibility or chain of command; fees; to review a fee estimate; and to confirm that...

  4. 32 CFR 701.30 - Initial Denial Authority (IDA).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 5 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Initial Denial Authority (IDA). 701.30 Section 701.30 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY UNITED STATES NAVY... geographical areas of responsibility or chain of command; fees; to review a fee estimate; and to confirm that...

  5. 7 CFR 53.13 - Denial or withdrawal of service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS UNDER THE..., CERTIFICATION, AND STANDARDS) Regulations Service § 53.13 Denial or withdrawal of service. (a) For misconduct—(1...

  6. 7 CFR 53.13 - Denial or withdrawal of service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS UNDER THE..., CERTIFICATION, AND STANDARDS) Regulations Service § 53.13 Denial or withdrawal of service. (a) For misconduct—(1...

  7. 7 CFR 53.13 - Denial or withdrawal of service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS UNDER THE..., CERTIFICATION, AND STANDARDS) Regulations Service § 53.13 Denial or withdrawal of service. (a) For misconduct—(1...

  8. 7 CFR 53.13 - Denial or withdrawal of service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS UNDER THE..., CERTIFICATION, AND STANDARDS) Regulations Service § 53.13 Denial or withdrawal of service. (a) For misconduct—(1...

  9. 7 CFR 330.204 - Denial or cancellation of permits; reconsiderations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ...; PLANT PESTS; SOIL, STONE, AND QUARRY PRODUCTS; GARBAGE Movement of Plant Pests § 330.204 Denial or...; (4) The movement is adverse to the conduct of an eradication, suppression, control, or regulatory...

  10. 5 CFR 297.306 - Appeal of a denial of a request to amend a record.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Appeal of a denial of a request to amend a record. 297.306 Section 297.306 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PRIVACY PROCEDURES FOR PERSONNEL RECORDS Amendment of Records § 297.306 Appeal of a denial of a request to amend a record. (a) An...

  11. An AIDS Prevention Campaign: Effects on Attitudes, Beliefs, and Communication Behavior.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Brown, William J.

    1991-01-01

    Reports on the effect of AIDS education on college students. Lists reasons for underestimating personal risk: illusions of invulnerability, the long incubation period of AIDS, drugs and sexual experimentation, underestimating partners' risky sexual behaviors, and acquaintance rape. Concludes that increasing knowledge will not necessarily promote…

  12. [A KABP (knowledge, attitude, belief and behavior) study about AIDS among taxi drivers and hotel attendants in Beijing].

    PubMed

    Zhang, X; Luo, B; Zhang, K

    1994-12-01

    This article reports the KABP study on 448 taxi drivers and 556 hotel attendants in Beijing for the first time in China. A self-administered questionnaire was used to investigate knowledge, attitude, belief and practice (KABP) about AIDS. In terms of knowledge, 23.8% of hotel attendants and 36.8% of taxi drivers did not know that contact with blood could transmit HIV. Thirtyfive percent of hotel attendants and 42.2% of taxi drivers did not believe that intravenous drug users were at high risk. Some drivers (13.6%) and hotel attendants (3.4%) reported having multiple sexual partners. Forty-one point nine percent of taxi drivers and 16.6% of hotel attendants preferred the idea of multiple sexual partners. Among hotel attendants, a negative association was found between knowledge about AIDS and multiple sexual behavior (P < 0.01). Regarding attitude toward condom use, 56.2% of taxi drivers and 47.8% of hotel attendants who have had a sexual experience thought that condom use interfered with sexual pleasure. Seventy-six point eight percent of taxi drivers and 79.8% of hotel attendants believed that they could change their behaviors in order to minimize the chances of getting HIV. This study indicates that HIV education is important in reducing the number of sexual partners and promoting the use of safe sex practices like condom use. Furthermore, as reported by the study population, education can change behavior.

  13. 19 CFR 207.51 - Judicial review of denial of application for disclosure of certain business proprietary...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Judicial review of denial of application for... SUBSIDIZED EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES Judicial Review § 207.51 Judicial review of denial of application for.... Persons entitled to judicial review under section 777(c)(2) of the Commission determination not to...

  14. 36 CFR 13.1142 - Can I appeal denial of my commercial fishing lifetime access permit application?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Property NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM UNITS IN ALASKA Special Regulations-Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve Commercial Fishing § 13.1142 Can I appeal denial of my... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Can I appeal denial of my...

  15. 44 CFR 71.3 - Denial of flood insurance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... OF COASTAL BARRIER LEGISLATION § 71.3 Denial of flood insurance. (a) No new flood insurance coverage... structure located in an area identified as being in the CBRS both as of October 18, 1982, and as of November... new construction or substantial improvement of a structure located in any area newly identified as...

  16. 78 FR 22876 - Rodenticides; Notice of Intent To Cancel Registrations of, and Notice of Denial of Applications...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-17

    ... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY [FIFRA Docket No. 661; FRL-9804-2] Rodenticides; Notice of Intent To Cancel Registrations of, and Notice of Denial of Applications for, Certain Rodenticide Bait... to the Notice of Intent to Cancel Registration of, and Notice of Denial of Application for, Certain...

  17. Migration and AIDS.

    PubMed

    1998-01-01

    This article presents the perspectives of UNAIDS and the International Organization for Migration (IOM) on migration and HIV/AIDS. It identifies research and action priorities and policy issues, and describes the current situation in major regions of the world. Migration is a process. Movement is enhanced by air transport, rising international trade, deregulation of trade practices, and opening of borders. Movements are restricted by laws and statutes. Denial to freely circulate and obtain asylum is associated with vulnerability to HIV infections. A UNAIDS policy paper in 1997 and IOM policy guidelines in 1988 affirm that refugees and asylum seekers should not be targeted for special measures due to HIV/AIDS. There is an urgent need to provide primary health services for migrants, voluntary counseling and testing, and more favorable conditions. Research is needed on the role of migration in the spread of HIV, the extent of migration, availability of health services, and options for HIV prevention. Research must be action-oriented and focused on vulnerability to HIV and risk taking behavior. There is substantial mobility in West and Central Africa, economic migration in South Africa, and nonvoluntary migration in Angola. Sex workers in southeast Asia contribute to the spread. The breakup of the USSR led to population shifts. Migrants in Central America and Mexico move north to the US where HIV prevalence is higher.

  18. 21 CFR 1309.42 - Certificate of registration; denial of registration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ...; denial of registration. (a) The Administrator shall issue a Certificate of Registration (DEA Form 511) to..., shall hold a hearing on the application pursuant to § 1309.51. (b) The Certificate of Registration (DEA...

  19. 21 CFR 1309.42 - Certificate of registration; denial of registration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ...; denial of registration. (a) The Administrator shall issue a Certificate of Registration (DEA Form 511) to..., shall hold a hearing on the application pursuant to § 1309.51. (b) The Certificate of Registration (DEA...

  20. 10 CFR 1004.8 - Appeal of initial denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (GENERAL PROVISIONS) FREEDOM OF INFORMATION § 1004.8 Appeal of initial denials. (a... with § 1004.4(d), or when the Freedom of Information Officer has denied a request for waiver of fees...., Washington, DC 20585 and both the envelope and letter must be clearly marked “Freedom of Information Appeal...

  1. A Novel Protective Framework for Defeating HTTP-Based Denial of Service and Distributed Denial of Service Attacks.

    PubMed

    Saleh, Mohammed A; Abdul Manaf, Azizah

    2015-01-01

    The growth of web technology has brought convenience to our life, since it has become the most important communication channel. However, now this merit is threatened by complicated network-based attacks, such as denial of service (DoS) and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. Despite many researchers' efforts, no optimal solution that addresses all sorts of HTTP DoS/DDoS attacks is on offer. Therefore, this research aims to fix this gap by designing an alternative solution called a flexible, collaborative, multilayer, DDoS prevention framework (FCMDPF). The innovative design of the FCMDPF framework handles all aspects of HTTP-based DoS/DDoS attacks through the following three subsequent framework's schemes (layers). Firstly, an outer blocking (OB) scheme blocks attacking IP source if it is listed on the black list table. Secondly, the service traceback oriented architecture (STBOA) scheme is to validate whether the incoming request is launched by a human or by an automated tool. Then, it traces back the true attacking IP source. Thirdly, the flexible advanced entropy based (FAEB) scheme is to eliminate high rate DDoS (HR-DDoS) and flash crowd (FC) attacks. Compared to the previous researches, our framework's design provides an efficient protection for web applications against all sorts of DoS/DDoS attacks.

  2. A Novel Protective Framework for Defeating HTTP-Based Denial of Service and Distributed Denial of Service Attacks

    PubMed Central

    Saleh, Mohammed A.; Abdul Manaf, Azizah

    2015-01-01

    The growth of web technology has brought convenience to our life, since it has become the most important communication channel. However, now this merit is threatened by complicated network-based attacks, such as denial of service (DoS) and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. Despite many researchers' efforts, no optimal solution that addresses all sorts of HTTP DoS/DDoS attacks is on offer. Therefore, this research aims to fix this gap by designing an alternative solution called a flexible, collaborative, multilayer, DDoS prevention framework (FCMDPF). The innovative design of the FCMDPF framework handles all aspects of HTTP-based DoS/DDoS attacks through the following three subsequent framework's schemes (layers). Firstly, an outer blocking (OB) scheme blocks attacking IP source if it is listed on the black list table. Secondly, the service traceback oriented architecture (STBOA) scheme is to validate whether the incoming request is launched by a human or by an automated tool. Then, it traces back the true attacking IP source. Thirdly, the flexible advanced entropy based (FAEB) scheme is to eliminate high rate DDoS (HR-DDoS) and flash crowd (FC) attacks. Compared to the previous researches, our framework's design provides an efficient protection for web applications against all sorts of DoS/DDoS attacks. PMID:26065015

  3. System justification, the denial of global warming, and the possibility of "system-sanctioned change".

    PubMed

    Feygina, Irina; Jost, John T; Goldsmith, Rachel E

    2010-03-01

    Despite extensive evidence of climate change and environmental destruction, polls continue to reveal widespread denial and resistance to helping the environment. It is posited here that these responses are linked to the motivational tendency to defend and justify the societal status quo in the face of the threat posed by environmental problems. The present research finds that system justification tendencies are associated with greater denial of environmental realities and less commitment to pro-environmental action. Moreover, the effects of political conservatism, national identification, and gender on denial of environmental problems are explained by variability in system justification tendencies. However, this research finds that it is possible to eliminate the negative effect of system justification on environmentalism by encouraging people to regard pro-environmental change as patriotic and consistent with protecting the status quo (i.e., as a case of "system-sanctioned change"). Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

  4. 19 CFR 192.12 - Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES post-departure (Option 4) filing status...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES...) EXPORT CONTROL Filing of Export Information Through the Automated Export System (AES) § 192.12 Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES post-departure (Option 4) filing status; appeal procedures...

  5. 19 CFR 192.12 - Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES post-departure (Option 4) filing status...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES...) EXPORT CONTROL Filing of Export Information Through the Automated Export System (AES) § 192.12 Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES post-departure (Option 4) filing status; appeal procedures...

  6. 19 CFR 192.12 - Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES post-departure (Option 4) filing status...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES...) EXPORT CONTROL Filing of Export Information Through the Automated Export System (AES) § 192.12 Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES post-departure (Option 4) filing status; appeal procedures...

  7. 19 CFR 192.12 - Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES post-departure (Option 4) filing status...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES...) EXPORT CONTROL Filing of Export Information Through the Automated Export System (AES) § 192.12 Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES post-departure (Option 4) filing status; appeal procedures...

  8. 19 CFR 192.12 - Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES post-departure (Option 4) filing status...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES...) EXPORT CONTROL Filing of Export Information Through the Automated Export System (AES) § 192.12 Criteria for denial of applications requesting AES post-departure (Option 4) filing status; appeal procedures...

  9. 78 FR 49411 - Denial of Petitions for Reconsideration of Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives: 2013 Biomass...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-14

    ...-AR55 Denial of Petitions for Reconsideration of Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives: 2013 Biomass... Fuel Additives: 2013 Biomass-Based Diesel Renewable Fuel Volume. DATES: EPA's denials of the petitions... requires that EPA determine the applicable volume of biomass-based diesel to be used in setting annual...

  10. 39 CFR 912.9 - Final denial of claim.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... with the Chief Counsel, National Tort Center, U.S. Postal Service, P.O. Box 66640, St. Louis, MO 63141... the Chief Counsel, National Tort Center, U.S. Postal Service, P.O. Box 66640, St. Louis, MO 63141-0640. (d) Only one request for reconsideration of a final denial may be filed. A claimant shall have no...

  11. 42 CFR 130.40 - Reconsideration of denial of petitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Reconsideration of denial of petitions. 130.40 Section 130.40 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES COMPASSIONATE PAYMENTS RICKY RAY HEMOPHILIA RELIEF FUND PROGRAM Reconsideration Procedures § 130.40 Reconsideration of...

  12. 9 CFR 350.6 - Denial or withdrawal of service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION SPECIAL SERVICES RELATING TO MEAT AND OTHER PRODUCTS § 350.6 Denial or withdrawal of service. (a) If any person has applied for service for meat or other product not eligible...

  13. 42 CFR 433.148 - Denial or termination of eligibility.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Section 433.148 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Assignment of Rights to Benefits § 433.148 Denial or termination of eligibility. In administering the assignment of rights provision, the agency must: (a) Deny or terminate eligibility for any applicant or...

  14. 9 CFR 350.6 - Denial or withdrawal of service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION SPECIAL SERVICES RELATING TO MEAT AND OTHER PRODUCTS § 350.6 Denial or withdrawal of service. (a) If any person has applied for service for meat or other product not eligible...

  15. AIDS: a challenge for the public health.

    PubMed

    Acheson, E D

    1986-03-22

    While the number of cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been increasing worldwide, the incidence in the United Kingdom (UK) is substantially lower than in the United States (US) and several other European countries. In the UK and US, the infection is confined largely to homosexual and bisexual men, persons who abuse drugs by injection, hemophiliacs, and sexual partners of members of these groups, including heterosexual men and women. Public education must focus on methods of transmission and control of the disease. The efficacy of testing for antibodies to the HTLV-III infection is questionable because there is no cure at present. Issues of confidentiality and denial of insurance or other support to persons who test positive must be considered.

  16. A brief history of South Africa's response to AIDS.

    PubMed

    Simelela, N P; Venter, W D F

    2014-03-01

    The story of the AIDS response in South Africa over the past 4 years is one of great progress after almost a decade of complex and tragic denialism that united the world and civil society in a way not seen since the opposition to apartheid. Today the country can boast > 2 million people on antiretroviral therapy, far and away the largest number in the world. Prevention efforts appear to be yielding results. The estimated number of annual new HIV infections declined by 79 000 between 2011 and 2012. New HIV infections among adults aged 15-49 years are projected to decline by 48% by 2016, from 414,000 (2010) to -215,000 (2016). The national incidence rate has reached its lowest level since the disease was first declared an epidemic in 1992, translating into reductions in both infant and under-5 mortality and an increase in life expectancy from 56 to 60 years over the period 2009-2011 alone. This is largely thanks to a civil society movement that was prepared to pose a rights-based challenge to a governing party in denial, and to brave health officials, politicians and clinicians working in a hostile system to bring about change.

  17. Visions of visualization aids - Design philosophy and observations

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Ellis, Stephen R.

    1989-01-01

    Aids for the visualization of high-dimensional scientific or other data must be designed. Simply casting multidimensional data into a two-dimensional or three-dimensional spatial metaphor does not guarantee that the presentation will provide insight or a parsimonious description of phenomena implicit in the data. Useful visualization, in contrast to glitzy, high-tech, computer-graphics imagery, is generally based on preexisting theoretical beliefs concerning the underlying phenomena. These beliefs guide selection and formatting of the plotted variables. Visualization tools are useful for understanding naturally three-dimensional data bases such as those used by pilots or astronauts. Two examples of such aids for spatial maneuvering illustrate that informative geometric distortion may be introduced to assist visualization and that visualization of complex dynamics alone may not be adequate to provide the necessary insight into the underlying processes.

  18. 44 CFR 73.3 - Denial of flood insurance coverage.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Denial of flood insurance coverage. 73.3 Section 73.3 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY... sufficient to confirm its identity and location; (2) A clear and unequivocal declaration that the property is...

  19. Women in Nazi Germany: Denial by Any Other Name.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Owings, Alison

    1995-01-01

    Discusses the role, socialization, and social attitudes regarding anti-Semitism and the Holocaust among German women living at that time. Describes how many women denied the extent of discrimination against Jews. Maintains that one possible reason is that the drive for survival made denial of the Holocaust easier. (CFR)

  20. Risk Denial and Socio-Economic Factors Related to High HIV Transmission in a Fishing Community in Rakai, Uganda: A Qualitative Study

    PubMed Central

    Lubega, Muhamadi; Nakyaanjo, Neema; Nansubuga, Sumaya; Hiire, Edgar; Kigozi, Godfrey; Nakigozi, Gertrude; Lutalo, Tom; Nalugoda, Fred; Serwadda, David; Gray, Ronald; Wawer, Maria; Kennedy, Caitylin; Reynolds, Steven James

    2015-01-01

    Background In Kasensero fishing community, home of the first recorded case of HIV in Uganda, HIV transmission is still very high with an incidence of 4.3 and 3.1 per 100 person-years in women and men, respectively, and an HIV prevalence of 44%, reaching up to 74% among female sex workers. We explored drivers for the high HIV transmission at Kasensero from the perspective of fishermen and other community members to inform future policy and preventive interventions. Methods 20 in-depth interviews including both HIV positive and HIV negative respondents, and 12 focus-group discussions involving a total of 92 respondents from the Kasensero fishing community were conducted during April-September 2014. Content analysis was performed to identify recurrent themes. Results The socio-economic risk factors for high HIV transmission in Kasensero fishing community cited were multiple and cross-cutting and categorized into the following themes: power of money, risk denial, environmental triggers and a predisposing lifestyle and alcoholism and drug abuse. Others were: peer pressure, poor housing and the search for financial support for both the men and women which made them vulnerable to HIV exposure and or risk behavior. Conclusions There is a need for context specific combination prevention interventions in Kasensero that includes the fisher folk and other influential community leaders. Such groups could be empowered with the knowledge and social mobilization skills to fight the negative and risky behaviors, perceptions, beliefs, misconceptions and submission attitudes to fate that exposes the community to high HIV transmission. There is also need for government/partners to ensure effective policy implementation, life jackets for all fishermen, improve the poor housing at the community so as to reduce overcrowding and other housing related predispositions to high HIV rates at the community. Work place AIDS-competence teams have been successfully used to address high HIV

  1. Fear, Pain, Denial, and Spiritual Experiences in Dying Processes

    PubMed Central

    Reichmuth, O.; Bueche, D.; Traichel, B.; Mao, M. Schuett; Cerny, T.; Strasser, F.

    2017-01-01

    Purpose: Approaching death seems to be associated with physiological/spiritual changes. Trajectories including the physical–psychological–social–spiritual dimension have indicated a terminal drop. Existential suffering or deathbed visions describe complex phenomena. However, interrelationships between different constituent factors (e.g., fear and pain, spiritual experiences and altered consciousness) are largely unknown. We lack deeper understanding of patients’ inner processes to which care should respond. In this study, we hypothesized that fear/pain/denial would happen simultaneously and be associated with a transformation of perception from ego-based (pre-transition) to ego-distant perception/consciousness (post-transition) and that spiritual (transcendental) experiences would primarily occur in periods of calmness and post-transition. Parameters for observing transformation of perception (pre-transition, transition itself, and post-transition) were patients’ altered awareness of time/space/body and patients’ altered social connectedness. Method: Two interdisciplinary teams observed 80 dying patients with cancer in palliative units at 2 Swiss cantonal hospitals. We applied participant observation based on semistructured observation protocols, supplemented by the list of analgesic and psychotropic medication. Descriptive statistical analysis and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) were combined. International interdisciplinary experts supported the analysis. Results: Most patients showed at least fear and pain once. Many seemed to have spiritual experiences and to undergo a transformation of perception only partly depending on medication. Line graphs representatively illustrate associations between fear/pain/denial/spiritual experiences and a transformation of perception. No trajectory displayed uninterrupted distress. Many patients seemed to die in peace. Previous near-death or spiritual/mystical experiences may facilitate the dying

  2. HIV/AIDS Securitization: Outcomes and Current Challenges.

    PubMed

    Shadyab, Aladdin H; Hale, Braden R; Shaffer, Richard A

    2017-01-01

    The securitization (i.e., framing of a health issue as a security threat) of HIV/AIDS by the United Nations Security Council in 2000 changed the belief that HIV/AIDS is only a health issue. Although now accepted that HIV/AIDS represents a security threat, the consequences of securitization are still not widely established. The purpose of this paper was to present an evidence-based review of the outcomes and current challenges associated with HIV/AIDS securitization in the context of national security. We provided an overview of HIV/AIDS securitization, followed by a discussion of the impact of securitization on peacekeeping personnel and uniformed services. We also reviewed the United States Government's response to securitization and potential risks and benefits of securitization. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.

  3. 9 CFR 2.11 - Denial of initial license application.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... have violated any Federal, State, or local laws or regulations pertaining to animal cruelty within 1... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denial of initial license application. 2.11 Section 2.11 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT...

  4. Inferring Passenger Denial Behavior of Taxi Drivers from Large-Scale Taxi Traces.

    PubMed

    Zhang, Sihai; Wang, Zhiyang

    2016-01-01

    How to understand individual human actions is a fundamental question to modern science, which drives and incurs many social, technological, racial, religious and economic phenomena. Human dynamics tries to reveal the temporal pattern and internal mechanism of human actions in letter or electronic communications, from the perspective of continuous interactions among friends or acquaintances. For interactions between stranger to stranger, taxi industry provide fruitful phenomina and evidence to investigate the action decisions. In fact, one striking disturbing events commonly reported in taxi industry is passenger refusing or denial, whose reasons vary, including skin color, blind passenger, being a foreigner or too close destination, religion reasons and anti specific nationality, so that complaints about taxi passenger refusing have to be concerned and processed carefully by local governments. But more universal factors for this phenomena are of great significance, which might be fulfilled by big data research to obtain novel insights in this question. In this paper, we demonstrate the big data analytics application in revealing novel insights from massive taxi trace data, which, for the first time, validates the passengers denial in taxi industry and estimates the denial ratio in Beijing city. We first quantify the income differentiation facts among taxi drivers. Then we find out that choosing the drop-off places also contributes to the high income for taxi drivers, compared to the previous explanation of mobility intelligence. Moreover, we propose the pick-up, drop-off and grid diversity concepts and related diversity analysis suggest that, high income taxi drivers will deny passengers in some situations, so as to choose the passengers' destination they prefer. Finally we design an estimation method for denial ratio and infer that high income taxi drivers will deny passengers with 8.52% likelihood in Beijing. Our work exhibits the power of big data analysis in

  5. Inferring Passenger Denial Behavior of Taxi Drivers from Large-Scale Taxi Traces

    PubMed Central

    Zhang, Sihai; Wang, Zhiyang

    2016-01-01

    How to understand individual human actions is a fundamental question to modern science, which drives and incurs many social, technological, racial, religious and economic phenomena. Human dynamics tries to reveal the temporal pattern and internal mechanism of human actions in letter or electronic communications, from the perspective of continuous interactions among friends or acquaintances. For interactions between stranger to stranger, taxi industry provide fruitful phenomina and evidence to investigate the action decisions. In fact, one striking disturbing events commonly reported in taxi industry is passenger refusing or denial, whose reasons vary, including skin color, blind passenger, being a foreigner or too close destination, religion reasons and anti specific nationality, so that complaints about taxi passenger refusing have to be concerned and processed carefully by local governments. But more universal factors for this phenomena are of great significance, which might be fulfilled by big data research to obtain novel insights in this question. In this paper, we demonstrate the big data analytics application in revealing novel insights from massive taxi trace data, which, for the first time, validates the passengers denial in taxi industry and estimates the denial ratio in Beijing city. We first quantify the income differentiation facts among taxi drivers. Then we find out that choosing the drop-off places also contributes to the high income for taxi drivers, compared to the previous explanation of mobility intelligence. Moreover, we propose the pick-up, drop-off and grid diversity concepts and related diversity analysis suggest that, high income taxi drivers will deny passengers in some situations, so as to choose the passengers’ destination they prefer. Finally we design an estimation method for denial ratio and infer that high income taxi drivers will deny passengers with 8.52% likelihood in Beijing. Our work exhibits the power of big data analysis in

  6. 37 CFR 104.42 - Finality of settlement or denial of claims.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE ADMINISTRATION LEGAL PROCESSES Tort Claims § 104.42 Finality of... or denial of any claim under this subpart may be considered final for the purpose of judicial review. ...

  7. 7 CFR 54.1023 - Denial or withdrawal of appeal service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS UNDER THE AGRICULTURAL MARKETING ACT OF 1946 AND THE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION ACT..., Processing, and Packaging of Livestock and Poultry Products § 54.1023 Denial or withdrawal of appeal service...

  8. Denial and Acceptance Coping Styles and Medication Adherence in Schizophrenia

    PubMed Central

    Aldebot, Stephanie; Weisman de Mamani, Amy G.

    2009-01-01

    Antipsychotics are often the first line of treatment for individuals with schizophrenia (Fialko et al., 2008). One challenge to effective treatment is lack of adherence to prescribed medication. Lower rates of adherence are associated with considerably higher rates of relapse and poorer course of illness. Therefore studying characteristics that may be related to medication adherence is important. Coping styles may be one such factor. Individuals utilize a variety of coping mechanisms to manage and navigate difficult life events, including mental illness (Cooke et al., 2007). In the present study, forty individuals with schizophrenia were assessed regarding their coping styles and medication adherence practices. As hypothesized, it was found that denial coping was inversely related to medication adherence. However, contrary to expectations, acceptance coping was not related to medication adherence. These findings suggest that targeting denial coping strategies in treatment may help foster more optimal strategies for managing schizophrenia. PMID:19684494

  9. 29 CFR 4901.15 - Appeals from denial of requests.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Appeals from denial of requests. 4901.15 Section 4901.15 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) PENSION BENEFIT GUARANTY CORPORATION INTERNAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE RULES AND PROCEDURES EXAMINATION AND COPYING OF PENSION BENEFIT GUARANTY CORPORATION RECORDS Procedure for Formal Requests § 4901.15...

  10. 21 CFR 900.16 - Appeals of denials of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... accreditation body. Appeals for facilities that have failed to become accredited are governed by the procedures... facility will not permit inspections or provide access to records or information in a timely fashion; or (3... accreditation body, FDA shall provide the facility with a statement of the grounds on which the denial is based...

  11. 21 CFR 900.16 - Appeals of denials of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... accreditation body. Appeals for facilities that have failed to become accredited are governed by the procedures... facility will not permit inspections or provide access to records or information in a timely fashion; or (3... accreditation body, FDA shall provide the facility with a statement of the grounds on which the denial is based...

  12. 21 CFR 601.4 - Issuance and denial of license.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... Director, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research that the establishment(s) and the product meet the... 21 Food and Drugs 7 2011-04-01 2010-04-01 true Issuance and denial of license. 601.4 Section 601.4 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED...

  13. 21 CFR 601.4 - Issuance and denial of license.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... Director, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research that the establishment(s) and the product meet the... 21 Food and Drugs 7 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Issuance and denial of license. 601.4 Section 601.4 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED...

  14. 28 CFR 700.18 - Appeals from denials of access.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... appeal to Independent Counsel shall be made in writing, addressed to the Office of Independent Counsel, suite 701 West, 555 Thirteenth Street, NW., Washington, DC 20004. Both the envelope and the letter of... writing. A decision affirming in whole or in part the denial of a request for access shall include a brief...

  15. Sexual Behavior as a Function of Stigma and Coping with Stigma Among People with HIV/AIDS in Rural New England

    PubMed Central

    Solomon, Sondra E.

    2012-01-01

    The relationship between coping with HIV/AIDS stigma and engaging in risky sexual behavior (i.e., inconsistent condom use) was examined in HIV-positive adults living in rural areas. Participants answered questions about their experiences with HIV/AIDS prejudice and discrimination (enacted stigma) and their perceptions of felt HIV/AIDS stigma (disclosure concerns, negative self-image, and concern with public attitudes). They were also asked about how they coped with HIV/AIDS stigma, and about their sexual activity during the past 90 days. We hypothesized that using disengagement coping to manage the stress of HIV/AIDS stigma would be related to risky sexual behavior. Multinomial logistic regression results showed that using disengagement coping (avoidance, denial, and wishful thinking) coupled with high levels of enacted stigma was associated with less risky rather than more risky sexual behavior. That is, disengagement coping coupled with high stigma increased the odds of not having vaginal or anal sex versus inconsistently using condoms. Implications for people with HIV/AIDS who use disengagement coping to manage stress to deal with HIV/AIDS stigma are discussed. PMID:22782789

  16. Sexual behavior as a function of stigma and coping with stigma among people with HIV/AIDS in rural New England.

    PubMed

    Varni, Susan E; Miller, Carol T; Solomon, Sondra E

    2012-11-01

    The relationship between coping with HIV/AIDS stigma and engaging in risky sexual behavior (i.e., inconsistent condom use) was examined in HIV-positive adults living in rural areas. Participants answered questions about their experiences with HIV/AIDS prejudice and discrimination (enacted stigma) and their perceptions of felt HIV/AIDS stigma (disclosure concerns, negative self-image, and concern with public attitudes). They were also asked about how they coped with HIV/AIDS stigma, and about their sexual activity during the past 90 days. We hypothesized that using disengagement coping to manage the stress of HIV/AIDS stigma would be related to risky sexual behavior. Multinomial logistic regression results showed that using disengagement coping (avoidance, denial, and wishful thinking) coupled with high levels of enacted stigma was associated with less risky rather than more risky sexual behavior. That is, disengagement coping coupled with high stigma increased the odds of not having vaginal or anal sex versus inconsistently using condoms. Implications for people with HIV/AIDS who use disengagement coping to manage stress to deal with HIV/AIDS stigma are discussed.

  17. Predictors of Intention To Take Precautions against AIDS among Black College Students.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tashakkori, Abbas; Thompson, Vaida D.

    This research explored the effects of a number of factors derived from extant intention-behavior models on a general behavioral intention to engage in protection against Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and a specific behavioral intention to use condoms as protection in vaginal sex. Data pertaining to beliefs, knowledge about AIDS, fear…

  18. Use of optical aids by visually impaired students: social and cultural factors.

    PubMed

    Monteiro, Gelse Beatriz Martins; Temporini, Edméa Rita; de Carvalho, Keila Monteiro

    2006-01-01

    To identify conceptions, social and cultural factors regarding the use of optical aids by visually impaired students and to present information to health and educational professionals. Qualitative research using spontaneous theater (interactive theater modality based on improvisation) as research instrument. To analyze data, an adapted form of the collective subject discourse technique - procedures for organization of verbal data - was applied. Scenes, gestures, expressions, silences and behaviors were added to the original proposal. The study population included all visually impaired students from elementary public schools, aged 10 to 14 years who attended a resource room in a São Paulo state city. The students were examined at a university low vision service. Little knowledge about the impairment and difficult adaptation to use of optical aids were identified. The students' behavior showed denial of own problems, discomfort on public use of aids and lack of participation in own health decisions. Analysis through spontaneous theater session allows the professional to gather information which is not possible to acquire in the health assistance atmosphere. Needs, difficulties and barriers the users found before the prescribed treatment were identified.

  19. 42 CFR 431.223 - Denial or dismissal of request for a hearing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS STATE ORGANIZATION AND GENERAL ADMINISTRATION Fair Hearings for Applicants and Recipients Right to Hearing § 431.223 Denial or dismissal of request...

  20. 36 CFR 903.6 - Appeal of initial denial of access.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Appeal of initial denial of access. 903.6 Section 903.6 Parks, Forests, and Public Property PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE DEVELOPMENT... the Executive Director, Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation, 1331 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW...

  1. 41 CFR 51-9.303-4 - Denials of access.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ...-Individual Access to Records § 51-9.303-4 Denials of access. (a) The Executive Director may deny any individual access to his record only on the grounds that the Committee has published rules in the Federal... request for access to an exempt system, the Executive Director shall prepare a letter denying access. The...

  2. 7 CFR 54.1032 - Denial or withdrawal of service.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...) Bases for denial or withdrawal. An application or a request for service may be rejected, or the benefits... United States Department of Agriculture by stamp, or brand directly on any equipment or utensil, or used... person. An application or a request for service may be rejected or the benefits of the service may be...

  3. 31 CFR 3.6 - Final denial of a claim.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Final denial of a claim. 3.6 Section 3.6 Money and Finance: Treasury Office of the Secretary of the Treasury CLAIMS REGULATIONS AND... 14.9 and shall be signed by the head of the bureau or office, or his designee. ...

  4. Confirming the structure of negative beliefs about psychosis and bipolar disorder: A confirmatory factor analysis study of the Personal Beliefs about Experience Questionnaire and Personal Beliefs about Illness Questionnaire.

    PubMed

    Taylor, Peter J; Pyle, Melissa; Schwannauer, Matthias; Hutton, Paul; Morrison, Anthony

    2015-11-01

    subscales which capture perceptions of internal shame or defectiveness, general negative appraisals and perceptions of external shame. These subscales may capture key underlying sets of negative beliefs within individuals with psychosis or bipolar disorder, which in turn impact upon well-being, such as being associated with greater depression. These subscales can be used to aid assessment and formulation within clinical practice but may also provide a valuable means of assessing changes in negative beliefs following interventions. © 2015 The British Psychological Society.

  5. 28 CFR Appendix to Subpart H - Delegation of Authority Respecting Denials of Freedom of Information and Privacy Act Requests

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Denials of Freedom of Information and Privacy Act Requests Appendix to Subpart H Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE ORGANIZATION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Antitrust Division Pt. 0, Subpt. H, App. Appendix to Subpart H—Delegation of Authority Respecting Denials of Freedom of Information and Privacy Act...

  6. Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of the business community relative to HIV-AIDS.

    PubMed Central

    Farnham, P G

    1991-01-01

    One of the goals of the Centers for Disease Control's (CDC) policy on the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is to support business organizations in implementing HIV and AIDS information, education, and prevention activities. However, the response of the American business community to HIV infection and AIDS has been varied. Although company executives consider AIDS to be one of the leading problems in the country, surveys typically indicate that less than one-third of businesses have or are developing some type of AIDS policy. The workplace appears to be a valid site for AIDS information and education programs, given the weight employees attach to information received there. However, workplace education and information programs are undertaken primarily by large companies. Many small companies do not devote much time and effort to these activities, even though extensive, indepth educational programs are likely to have positive impacts on worker attitudes and behavior, whereas short programs or literature distribution may only increase workers' fears. The question of what is an effective workplace program still needs additional research. Very little is known about the magnitude of the costs of HIV infection and AIDS to business. These costs, which are affected by the changing roles of employer-based health insurance, cost shifting, and public programs, will influence how employers react to the epidemic and how they respond to CDC's prevention initiatives. PMID:1956975

  7. 47 CFR 1.2109 - License grant, denial, default, and disqualification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... PROCEDURE Competitive Bidding Proceedings General Procedures § 1.2109 License grant, denial, default, and... has declared competitive bidding closed or fails to remit the required down payment within ten (10) business days after the Commission has declared competitive bidding closed, the bidder will be deemed to...

  8. 47 CFR 1.2109 - License grant, denial, default, and disqualification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... PROCEDURE Competitive Bidding Proceedings General Procedures § 1.2109 License grant, denial, default, and... has declared competitive bidding closed or fails to remit the required down payment within ten (10) business days after the Commission has declared competitive bidding closed, the bidder will be deemed to...

  9. Third-Person Effects on Publication of a Holocaust-Denial Advertisement.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Price, Vincent; Tewksbury, David; Huang, Li-Ning

    1998-01-01

    Investigates college students' judgments about a controversial Holocaust-denial advertisement and its suitability for publication in their college newspaper. Finds that those with interests at stake perceived the advertisement as especially likely to influence others, and that third-person effects and publication decisions were a function of…

  10. 45 CFR 233.106 - Denial of AFDC benefits to strikers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Section 233.106 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF FAMILY ASSISTANCE (ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS), ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... refuse to seek or accept, employment. (2)(i) Provide for the denial of AFDC benefits to any family for...

  11. 7 CFR 58.124 - Denial or suspension of plant approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Denial or suspension of plant approval. 58.124 Section... (CONTINUED) GRADING AND INSPECTION, GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR APPROVED PLANTS AND STANDARDS FOR GRADES OF DAIRY PRODUCTS 1 General Specifications for Dairy Plants Approved for USDA Inspection and Grading...

  12. The Marley hypothesis: denial of racism reflects ignorance of history.

    PubMed

    Nelson, Jessica C; Adams, Glenn; Salter, Phia S

    2013-02-01

    This study used a signal detection paradigm to explore the Marley hypothesis--that group differences in perception of racism reflect dominant-group denial of and ignorance about the extent of past racism. White American students from a midwestern university and Black American students from two historically Black universities completed surveys about their historical knowledge and perception of racism. Relative to Black participants, White participants perceived less racism in both isolated incidents and systemic manifestations of racism. They also performed worse on a measure of historical knowledge (i.e., they did not discriminate historical fact from fiction), and this group difference in historical knowledge mediated the differences in perception of racism. Racial identity relevance moderated group differences in perception of systemic manifestations of racism (but not isolated incidents), such that group differences were stronger among participants who scored higher on a measure of racial identity relevance. The results help illuminate the importance of epistemologies of ignorance: cultural-psychological tools that afford denial of and inaction about injustice.

  13. 19 CFR 103.6 - Grant or denial of initial request.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Grant or denial of initial request. 103.6 Section 103.6 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT...'s jurisdiction. (2) Headquarters. For records located at Customs Service Headquarters, the initial...

  14. 19 CFR 103.6 - Grant or denial of initial request.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Grant or denial of initial request. 103.6 Section 103.6 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT...'s jurisdiction. (2) Headquarters. For records located at Customs Service Headquarters, the initial...

  15. 19 CFR 103.6 - Grant or denial of initial request.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Grant or denial of initial request. 103.6 Section 103.6 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT...'s jurisdiction. (2) Headquarters. For records located at Customs Service Headquarters, the initial...

  16. 19 CFR 103.6 - Grant or denial of initial request.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Grant or denial of initial request. 103.6 Section 103.6 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT...'s jurisdiction. (2) Headquarters. For records located at Customs Service Headquarters, the initial...

  17. 19 CFR 103.6 - Grant or denial of initial request.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Grant or denial of initial request. 103.6 Section 103.6 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT...'s jurisdiction. (2) Headquarters. For records located at Customs Service Headquarters, the initial...

  18. 27 CFR 478.71 - Denial of an application for license.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Denial of an application for license. 478.71 Section 478.71 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION COMMERCE IN FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION...

  19. 27 CFR 478.71 - Denial of an application for license.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2012-04-01 2010-04-01 true Denial of an application for license. 478.71 Section 478.71 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION COMMERCE IN FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION...

  20. 27 CFR 478.71 - Denial of an application for license.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Denial of an application for license. 478.71 Section 478.71 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION COMMERCE IN FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION...

  1. 27 CFR 478.71 - Denial of an application for license.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2011-04-01 2010-04-01 true Denial of an application for license. 478.71 Section 478.71 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION COMMERCE IN FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION...

  2. 27 CFR 478.71 - Denial of an application for license.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Denial of an application for license. 478.71 Section 478.71 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION COMMERCE IN FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION...

  3. 25 CFR 170.457 - Can a tribe appeal a denial?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LAND AND WATER INDIAN RESERVATION ROADS PROGRAM Planning, Design, and Construction of Indian Reservation Roads Program Facilities Design § 170.457 Can a tribe appeal a denial? Yes. If BIA denies a design exception request made by a tribe, the...

  4. 7 CFR 330.204 - Denial or cancellation of permits; reconsiderations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FEDERAL PLANT PEST REGULATIONS; GENERAL; PLANT PESTS; SOIL, STONE, AND QUARRY PRODUCTS; GARBAGE Movement of Plant Pests § 330.204 Denial or... to move a plant pest when, in his opinion, such movement would involve a danger of dissemination of...

  5. 9 CFR 82.25 - Denial and withdrawal of permits and special permits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... PRODUCTS EXOTIC NEWCASTLE DISEASE (END) AND CHLAMYDI-OSIS Chlamydiosis in Poultry § 82.25 Denial and... way that threatens the public health, interest, or safety. The Administrator will send the person to...

  6. 9 CFR 82.25 - Denial and withdrawal of permits and special permits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... PRODUCTS NEWCASTLE DISEASE AND CHLAMYDIOSIS Chlamydiosis in Poultry § 82.25 Denial and withdrawal of... threatens the public health, interest, or safety. The Administrator will send the person to whom the permit...

  7. 9 CFR 82.13 - Denial and withdrawal of permits and special permits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... PRODUCTS EXOTIC NEWCASTLE DIS- EASE (END) AND CHLAMYDIOSIS Exotic Newcastle Disease (END) § 82.13 Denial... way that threatens the public health, interest, or safety. The Administrator will send the person to...

  8. 9 CFR 82.13 - Denial and withdrawal of permits and special permits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... PRODUCTS EXOTIC NEWCASTLE DISEASE (END) AND CHLAMYDI-OSIS Exotic Newcastle Disease (END) § 82.13 Denial and... way that threatens the public health, interest, or safety. The Administrator will send the person to...

  9. 9 CFR 82.13 - Denial and withdrawal of permits and special permits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... PRODUCTS EXOTIC NEWCASTLE DISEASE (END) AND CHLAMYDI-OSIS Exotic Newcastle Disease (END) § 82.13 Denial and... way that threatens the public health, interest, or safety. The Administrator will send the person to...

  10. 28 CFR 36.605 - Procedure following preliminary denial of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Local Building Codes § 36.605 Procedure following preliminary denial of certification. (a) If the Assistant Attorney General makes a preliminary determination to deny certification of a code under § 36.603... specification of the manner in which the code could be amended in order to qualify for certification. (b) The...

  11. 28 CFR 36.605 - Procedure following preliminary denial of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Local Building Codes § 36.605 Procedure following preliminary denial of certification. (a) If the Assistant Attorney General makes a preliminary determination to deny certification of a code under § 36.603... specification of the manner in which the code could be amended in order to qualify for certification. (b) The...

  12. 28 CFR 36.605 - Procedure following preliminary denial of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Local Building Codes § 36.605 Procedure following preliminary denial of certification. (a) If the Assistant Attorney General makes a preliminary determination to deny certification of a code under § 36.603... specification of the manner in which the code could be amended in order to qualify for certification. (b) The...

  13. 28 CFR 36.605 - Procedure following preliminary denial of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Local Building Codes § 36.605 Procedure following preliminary denial of certification. (a) If the Assistant Attorney General makes a preliminary determination to deny certification of a code under § 36.603... specification of the manner in which the code could be amended in order to qualify for certification. (b) The...

  14. 12 CFR 303.223 - Applicant's right to hearing following denial.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Applicant's right to hearing following denial. 303.223 Section 303.223 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION PROCEDURE AND RULES OF PRACTICE FILING PROCEDURES Section 19 of the FDI Act (Consent to Service of Persons Convicted of Certain...

  15. 5 CFR 297.305 - Denial of requests to amend records.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... records. (a) If the Office or agency system manager decides not to amend the record in the manner sought... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Denial of requests to amend records. 297.305 Section 297.305 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS...

  16. 5 CFR 297.305 - Denial of requests to amend records.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... records. (a) If the Office or agency system manager decides not to amend the record in the manner sought... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denial of requests to amend records. 297.305 Section 297.305 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS...

  17. 28 CFR 36.606 - Procedure following preliminary denial of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Local Building Codes § 36.606 Procedure following preliminary denial of certification. (a) If the Assistant Attorney General makes a Preliminary determination to deny certification of a code under § 36.604... specification of the manner in which the code could be amended in order to qualify for certification. (b) The...

  18. HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Beliefs among Pre-Service and In-Service School Counselors.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Costin, Amanda C.; Page, Betsy J.; Pietrzak, Dale R.; Kerr, Dianne L.; Symons, Cynthia W.

    2002-01-01

    Investigates in-service and pre-service school counselors' current levels of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes, and the demographic factors potentially associated with HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes. (Contains 26 references.) (GCP)

  19. Infiltrating to Win: The Conduct of Border Denial Operations

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-04-04

    Infiltrating to Win: The Conduct of Border Denial Operations A Monograph by MAJ Craig A. Broyles United...YYYY) 12. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 04/04/2016 Monograph JUN 2015 - MAY 2016 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Infiltrating ...for public release; Distribution is unlimited. 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT Covert cross border infiltration plays a critical role in

  20. 42 CFR 476.96 - Review period and reopening of initial denial determinations and changes as a result of DRG...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... determinations and changes as a result of DRG validations. 476.96 Section 476.96 Public Health CENTERS FOR... initial denial determinations and changes as a result of DRG validations. (a) General timeframe. A QIO or... initial denial determination or a change as a result of a DRG validation. (b) Extended timeframes. (1) An...

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