Microbial remediation of soils co-contaminated with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and cadmium

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Roane, T.M.; Pepper, I.L.

1997-12-31

One-third of organically-polluted sites are also contaminated with metals; however, the bioremediation potential of such sites is not clear. While metals are thought to inhibit the abilities of microbial communities to degrade organic pollutants, several microbial-metal resistance mechanisms are known to exist. This study utilizes cadmium-resistant soil microorganisms to enhance the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in the presence of cadmium. Cadmium-resistant bacteria were isolated from both a 40-year-old metal-contaminated soil and an uncontaminated soil. During growth experiments, it was found that the uncontaminated soil had a greater number of resistant isolates at low concentrations of cadmium, while the cadmium-contaminatedmore » soil exhibited higher microbial resistance with increased cadmium concentrations. ERIC PCR fingerprints discriminated among the cadmium-resistant isolates identified by BIOLOG as Bacillus, Corynecbacterium, Pseudomonas, and Xanthomonas spp. These isolates were resistant to concentrations ranging from 5 to 275 ppm soluble cadmium. In conventional degradation studies, two resistant isolates, a Bacillus and an unidentified Gram positive rod, supported the degradation of 500 ppm 2,4-D by the cadmium-sensitive 2,4-D degrader Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP134 in the presence of 20 and 40 ppm soluble cadmium, respectively.« less

Effect of glucose on the fatty acid composition of Cupriavidus necator JMP134 during 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid degradation: implications for lipid-based stable isotope probing methods.

PubMed

Lerch, Thomas Z; Dignac, Marie-France; Barriuso, Enrique; Mariotti, André

2011-10-01

Combining lipid biomarker profiling with stable isotope probing (SIP) is a powerful technique for studying specific microbial populations responsible for the degradation of organic pollutants in various natural environments. However, the presence of other easily degradable substrates may induce significant physiological changes by altering both the rate of incorporation of the target compound into the biomass and the microbial lipid profiles. In order to test this hypothesis, Cupriavidus necator JMP134, a 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)-degrading bacterium, was incubated with [(13)C]2,4-D, [(13)C]glucose, or mixtures of both substrates alternatively labeled with (13)C. C. necator JMP134 exhibited a preferential use of 2,4-D over glucose. The isotopic analysis showed that glucose had only a small effect on the incorporation of the acetic chain of 2,4-D into the biomass (at days 2 and 3) and no effect on that of the benzenic ring. The addition of glucose did change the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) composition. However, the overall FAME isotopic signature reflected that of the entire biomass. Compound-specific individual isotopic analyses of FAME composition showed that the (13)C-enriched FAME profiles were slightly or not affected when tracing the 2,4-D acetic chain or 2,4-D benzenic ring, respectively. This batch study is a necessary step for validating the use of lipid-based SIP methods in complex environments.

Effect of Glucose on the Fatty Acid Composition of Cupriavidus necator JMP134 during 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Degradation: Implications for Lipid-Based Stable Isotope Probing Methods▿†

PubMed Central

Lerch, Thomas Z.; Dignac, Marie-France; Barriuso, Enrique; Mariotti, André

2011-01-01

Combining lipid biomarker profiling with stable isotope probing (SIP) is a powerful technique for studying specific microbial populations responsible for the degradation of organic pollutants in various natural environments. However, the presence of other easily degradable substrates may induce significant physiological changes by altering both the rate of incorporation of the target compound into the biomass and the microbial lipid profiles. In order to test this hypothesis, Cupriavidus necator JMP134, a 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)-degrading bacterium, was incubated with [13C]2,4-D, [13C]glucose, or mixtures of both substrates alternatively labeled with 13C. C. necator JMP134 exhibited a preferential use of 2,4-D over glucose. The isotopic analysis showed that glucose had only a small effect on the incorporation of the acetic chain of 2,4-D into the biomass (at days 2 and 3) and no effect on that of the benzenic ring. The addition of glucose did change the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) composition. However, the overall FAME isotopic signature reflected that of the entire biomass. Compound-specific individual isotopic analyses of FAME composition showed that the 13C-enriched FAME profiles were slightly or not affected when tracing the 2,4-D acetic chain or 2,4-D benzenic ring, respectively. This batch study is a necessary step for validating the use of lipid-based SIP methods in complex environments. PMID:21856833

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid-degrading bacteria contain mosaics of catabolic genes.

PubMed Central

Fulthorpe, R R; McGowan, C; Maltseva, O V; Holben, W E; Tiedje, J M

1995-01-01

DNA from 32 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)-degrading bacteria from diverse locations was probed with the first three genes of the well-known 2,4-D degradation pathway found in Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP134(pJP4). The majority of strains did not show high levels of homology to the first three genes of the 2,4-D degradation pathway, tfdA, -B, and -C. Most strains showed combinations of tfdA-, B-, and C-like elements that exhibited various degrees of homology to the gene probes. Strains having the same genomic fingerprints (as determined by repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR) exhibited the same hybridization pattern regardless of the geographic origin of the strain, with the exception of a strain isolated from Puerto Rico. This strain had the same genomic fingerprint as that of numerous other strains in the collection but differed in its hybridization against the tfdA gene probe. Members of the beta subdivision of the Proteobacteria class, specifically Alcaligenes, Burkholderia, and Rhodoferax species, carried DNA fragments with 60% or more sequence similarity to tfdA of pJP4, and most carried fragments showing at least 60% homology to tfdB. However, many strains did not hybridize with tfdC, although they exhibited chlorocatechol dioxygenase activity. Members of the alpha subdivision of the Proteobacteria class, mostly of the genus Sphingomonas, did not hybridize to either tfdA or tfdC, but some hybridized at low stringency to tfdB. The data suggest that extensive interspecies transfer of a variety of homologous degradative genes has been involved in the evolution of 2,4-D-degrading bacteria. PMID:7574638

Microbial degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid: Insight into the enzymes and catabolic genes involved, their regulation and biotechnological implications.

PubMed

Kumar, Ajit; Trefault, Nicole; Olaniran, Ademola Olufolahan

2016-01-01

A considerable progress has been made to understand the mechanisms of biodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). 2,4-D biodegradation pathway has been elucidated in many microorganisms including Cupriavidus necator JMP134 (previously known as Wautersia eutropha, Ralstonia eutropha and Alcaligenes eutrophus) and Pseudomonas strains. It generally involves the side chain removal of 2,4-D by α-ketoglutarate-dependent 2,4-D dioxygenase (tfdA) to form 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP); hydroxylation of 2,4-DCP by 2,4-DCP hydroxylase (tfdB) to form dichlorocatechol; ortho or meta cleavage of dichlorocatechol by chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase (tfdC) to form 2,4-dichloro-cis,cis-muconate; conversion of 2,4-dichloro-cis,cis-muconate to 2-chlorodienelactone by chloromuconate cycloisomerase (tfdD); conversion of 2-chlorodienelactone to 2-chloromaleylacetate by chlorodienelactone hydrolase (tfdE) and, finally, conversion of 2-chloromaleylacetate to 3-oxoadepate via maleylacetate by chloromaleylacetate reductase and maleylacetate reductase (tfdF), respectively, which is funnelled to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The latest review on microbial breakdown of 2,4-D, other halogenated aromatic pesticides, and related compounds was compiled by Haggblom, however, a considerable progress has been made in this area of research since then. Thus, this review focuses on the recent advancement on 2,4-D biodegradation, the enzymes, and genes involved and their biotechlogical implications.

Capture of a catabolic plasmid that encodes only 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid:alpha-ketoglutaric acid dioxygenase (TfdA) by genetic complementation.

PubMed Central

Top, E M; Maltseva, O V; Forney, L J

1996-01-01

The modular pathway for the metabolism of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) encoded on plasmid pJP4 of Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP134 appears to be an example in which two genes, tfdA and tfdB, have been recruited during the evolution of a catabolic pathway. The products of these genes act to convert 2,4-D to a chloro-substituted catechol that can be further metabolized by enzymes of a modified ortho-cleavage pathway encoded by tfdCDEF. Given that modified ortho-cleavage pathways are comparatively common and widely distributed among bacteria, we sought to determine if microbial populations in soil carry tfdA on plasmid vectors that lack tfdCDEF or tfdB. To capture such plasmids from soil populations, we used a recipient strain of A. eutrophus that was rifampin resistant and carried a derivative of plasmid pJP4 (called pBH501aE) in which the tfdA had been deleted. Upon mating with mixed bacterial populations from soil treated with 2,4-D, transconjugants that were resistant to rifampin yet able to grow on 2,4-D were obtained. Among the transconjugants obtained were clones that contained a ca. 75-kb plasmid, pEMT8. Bacterial hosts that carried this plasmid in addition to pBH501aE metabolized 2,4-D, whereas strains with only pEMT8 did not. Southern hybridization showed that pEMT8 encoded a gene with a low level of similarity to the tfdA gene from plasmid pJP4. Using oligonucleotide primers based on known tfdA sequences, we amplified a 330-bp fragment of the gene and determined that it was 77% similar to the tfdA gene of plasmid pJP4 and 94% similar to tfdA from Burkholderia sp. strain RASC. Plasmid pEMT8 lacked genes that exhibited significant levels of homology to tfdB and tfdCDEF. Moreover, cell extracts from A. eutrophus(pEMT8) cultures did not exhibit TfdB, TfdC, TfdD, and TfdE activities, whereas cell extracts from A. eutrophus(pEMT8)(pBH501aE) cultures did. These data suggest that pEMT8 encodes only tfdA and that this gene can effectively complement the tfd

Biofilm vs. Planktonic Lifestyle: Consequences for Pesticide 2,4-D Metabolism by Cupriavidus necator JMP134

PubMed Central

Lerch, Thomas Z.; Chenu, Claire; Dignac, Marie F.; Barriuso, Enrique; Mariotti, André

2017-01-01

The development of bacterial biofilms in natural environments may alter important functions, such as pollutant bioremediation by modifying both the degraders' physiology and/or interactions within the matrix. The present study focuses on the influence of biofilm formation on the metabolism of a pesticide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), by Cupriavidus necator JMP134. Pure cultures were established in a liquid medium with 2,4-D as a sole carbon source with or without sand grains for 10 days. Bacterial numbers and 2,4-D concentrations in solution were followed by spectrophotometry, the respiration rate by gas chromatography and the surface colonization by electron microscopy. In addition, isotopic techniques coupled with Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) profiling were used to determine possible metabolic changes. After only 3 days, approximately 80% of the cells were attached to the sand grains and microscopy images showed that the porous medium was totally clogged by the development of a biofilm. After 10 days, there was 25% less 2,4-D in the solution in samples with sand than in control samples. This difference was due to (1) a higher (+8%) mineralization of 2,4-D by sessile bacteria and (2) a retention (15%) of 2,4-D in the biofilm matrix. Besides, the amount of carbohydrates, presumably constituting the biofilm polysaccharides, increased by 63%. Compound-specific isotope analysis revealed that the FAME isotopic signature was less affected by the biofilm lifestyle than was the FAME composition. These results suggest that sessile bacteria differ more in their anabolism than in their catabolism compared to their planktonic counterparts. This study stresses the importance of considering interactions between microorganisms and their habitat when studying pollutant dynamics in porous media. PMID:28588567

Differentiation of Alcaligenes-like bacteria of avian origin and comparison with Alcaligenes spp. reference strains.

PubMed Central

Berkhoff, H A; Riddle, G D

1984-01-01

Although standard biochemical tests used for the identification of Alcaligenes spp. revealed only minor differences, the oxidative low-peptone technique clearly differentiated between Alcaligenes-like bacteria of avian origin and Alcaligenes spp. reference strains. Based on their colonial morphology, biochemical profiles, and hemagglutination, the Alcaligenes-like bacteria of avian origin were further divided into two subgroups, C1-T1 and C2-T2. Colonies of subgroup C1-T1 were nondescript, round, raised, glistening, translucent, greyish, and about 2 mm in diameter. Colonies of subgroup C2-T2 were off-white, flat, dry and wrinkled, generally round, and resembled tiny lily pads. Biochemical profiles by the oxidative low-peptone method showed the C1-T1 subgroup alkalinizing only three substrates (citrate, acetate, and succinate), whereas the C2-T2 subgroup alkalinized eight substrates (citrate, acetate, butyrate, itaconate, malonate, saccharate, succinate, and M-tartrate). Subgroup C1-T1 agglutinated human, chicken, and turkey erythrocytes, whereas subgroup C2-T2 did not. The recognition of these two subgroups within the Alcaligenes-like bacteria of avian origin is important, since it may explain the differences seen in pathogenicity among isolates. Images PMID:6715517

Differentiation of Alcaligenes-like bacteria of avian origin and comparison with Alcaligenes spp. reference strains.

PubMed

Berkhoff, H A; Riddle, G D

1984-04-01

Although standard biochemical tests used for the identification of Alcaligenes spp. revealed only minor differences, the oxidative low-peptone technique clearly differentiated between Alcaligenes-like bacteria of avian origin and Alcaligenes spp. reference strains. Based on their colonial morphology, biochemical profiles, and hemagglutination, the Alcaligenes-like bacteria of avian origin were further divided into two subgroups, C1-T1 and C2-T2. Colonies of subgroup C1-T1 were nondescript, round, raised, glistening, translucent, greyish, and about 2 mm in diameter. Colonies of subgroup C2-T2 were off-white, flat, dry and wrinkled, generally round, and resembled tiny lily pads. Biochemical profiles by the oxidative low-peptone method showed the C1-T1 subgroup alkalinizing only three substrates (citrate, acetate, and succinate), whereas the C2-T2 subgroup alkalinized eight substrates (citrate, acetate, butyrate, itaconate, malonate, saccharate, succinate, and M-tartrate). Subgroup C1-T1 agglutinated human, chicken, and turkey erythrocytes, whereas subgroup C2-T2 did not. The recognition of these two subgroups within the Alcaligenes-like bacteria of avian origin is important, since it may explain the differences seen in pathogenicity among isolates.

Characterization of a chromosomally encoded 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid/alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase from Burkholderia sp. strain RASC.

PubMed Central

Suwa, Y; Wright, A D; Fukimori, F; Nummy, K A; Hausinger, R P; Holben, W E; Forney, L J

1996-01-01

The findings of previous studies indicate that the genes required for metabolism of the pesticide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) are typically encoded on broad-host-range plasmids. However, characterization of plasmid-cured strains of Burkholderia sp. strain RASC, as well as mutants obtained by transposon mutagenesis, suggested that the 2,4-D catabolic genes were located on the chromosome of this strain. Mutants of Burkholderia strain RASC unable to degrade 2,4-D (2,4-D- strains) were obtained by insertional inactivation with Tn5. One such mutant (d1) was shown to have Tn5 inserted in tfdARASC, which encodes 2,4-D/alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase. This is the first reported example of a chromosomally encoded tfdA. The tfdARASC gene was cloned from a library of wild-type Burkholderia strain RASC DNA and shown to express 2,4-D/alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase activity in Escherichia coli. The DNA sequence of the gene was determined and shown to be similar, although not identical, to those of isofunctional genes from other bacteria. Moreover, the gene product (TfdARASC) was purified and shown to be similar in molecular weight, amino-terminal sequence, and reaction mechanism to the canonical TfdA of Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP134. The data presented here indicate that tfdA genes can be found on the chromosome of some bacterial species and suggest that these catabolic genes are rather mobile and may be transferred by means other than conjugation. PMID:8779585

Two Polyhydroxyalkanoate Synthases from Distinct Classes from the Aromatic Degrader Cupriavidus pinatubonensis JMP134 Exhibit the Same Substrate Preference.

PubMed

Jiang, Xuan; Luo, Xi; Zhou, Ning-Yi

2015-01-01

Cupriavidus pinatubonensis JMP134 utilizes a variety of aromatic substrates as sole carbon sources, including meta-nitrophenol (MNP). Two polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase genes, phaC1 and phaC2, were annotated and categorized as class I and class II PHA synthase genes, respectively. In this study, both His-tagged purified PhaC1 and PhaC2 were shown to exhibit typical class I PHA synthase substrate specificity to make short-chain-length (SCL) PHA from 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA and failed to make medium-chain-length (MCL) PHA from 3-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA. The phaC1 or phaC2 deletion strain could also produce SCL PHA when grown in fructose or octanoate, but the double mutant of phaC1 and phaC2 lost this ability. The PhaC2 also exhibited substrate preference towards SCL substrates when expressed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 phaC mutant strain. On the other hand, the transcriptional level of phaC1 was 70-fold higher than that of phaC2 in MNP-grown cells, but 240-fold lower in octanoate-grown cells. Further study demonstrated that only phaC1 was involved in PHA synthesis in MNP-grown cells. These findings suggested that phaC1 and phaC2 genes were differentially regulated under different growth conditions in this strain. Within the phaC2-containing gene cluster, a single copy of PHA synthase gene was present clustering with genes encoding enzymes in the biosynthesis of PHA precursors. This is markedly different from the genetic organization of all other previously reported class II PHA synthase gene clusters and this cluster likely comes from a distinct evolutionary path.

Two Polyhydroxyalkanoate Synthases from Distinct Classes from the Aromatic Degrader Cupriavidus pinatubonensis JMP134 Exhibit the Same Substrate Preference

PubMed Central

Jiang, Xuan; Luo, Xi; Zhou, Ning-Yi

2015-01-01

Cupriavidus pinatubonensis JMP134 utilizes a variety of aromatic substrates as sole carbon sources, including meta-nitrophenol (MNP). Two polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase genes, phaC1 and phaC2, were annotated and categorized as class I and class II PHA synthase genes, respectively. In this study, both His-tagged purified PhaC1 and PhaC2 were shown to exhibit typical class I PHA synthase substrate specificity to make short-chain-length (SCL) PHA from 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA and failed to make medium-chain-length (MCL) PHA from 3-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA. The phaC1 or phaC2 deletion strain could also produce SCL PHA when grown in fructose or octanoate, but the double mutant of phaC1 and phaC2 lost this ability. The PhaC2 also exhibited substrate preference towards SCL substrates when expressed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 phaC mutant strain. On the other hand, the transcriptional level of phaC1 was 70-fold higher than that of phaC2 in MNP-grown cells, but 240-fold lower in octanoate-grown cells. Further study demonstrated that only phaC1 was involved in PHA synthesis in MNP-grown cells. These findings suggested that phaC1 and phaC2 genes were differentially regulated under different growth conditions in this strain. Within the phaC2-containing gene cluster, a single copy of PHA synthase gene was present clustering with genes encoding enzymes in the biosynthesis of PHA precursors. This is markedly different from the genetic organization of all other previously reported class II PHA synthase gene clusters and this cluster likely comes from a distinct evolutionary path. PMID:26544851

Chemical and Physical Characterization of the Activation of Ribulosebiphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase

DOE R&D Accomplishments Database

Donnelly, M. I.; Ramakrishnan, V.; Hartman, F. C.

1983-08-01

Molecular structure of ribulosebiphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase isolated from Rhodospirillium was compared with the enzyme isolated from Alcaligens eutrophus. Peptides derived from the active center of the bacterial enzyme were highly homologous with those isolated from spinach. Molecular shapes of the carboxylases were estimated using neutron scattering data. These studies suggested that the enzyme as isolated from R. rubrum is a solid prolate ellipsoid or cylinder, while the spinach enzyme resembles a hollow sphere.

Bioethanol production from mannitol by a newly isolated bacterium, Enterobacter sp. JMP3.

PubMed

Wang, Jing; Kim, Young Mi; Rhee, Hong Soon; Lee, Min Woo; Park, Jong Moon

2013-05-01

In this study a new bacterium capable of growing on brown seaweed Laminaria japonica, Enterobacter sp. JMP3 was isolated from the gut of turban shell, Batillus cornutus. In anaerobic condition, it produced high yields of ethanol (1.15 mol-EtOH mol-mannitol(-1)) as well as organic acids from mannitol, the major carbohydrate component of L. japonica. Based on carbon distribution and metabolic flux analysis, it was revealed that mannitol was more favorable than glucose for ethanol production due to their different redox states. This indicates that L. japonica is one of the promising feedstock for bioethanol production. Additionally, the mannitol dehydrogenation pathway in Enterobacter sp. JMP3 was examined and verified. Finally, an attempt was made to explore the possibility of controlling ethanol production by altering the redox potential via addition of external NADH in mannitol fermentation. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DEGRADATION OF ERGOTHIONEINE BY CELL-FREE EXTRACTS OF ALCALIGENES FAECALIS II.

PubMed Central

Booth, James S.; Appleman, Milo D.

1963-01-01

Booth, James S. (University of Southern California, Los Angeles) and Milo D. Appleman. Degradation of ergothioneine by cell-free extracts of Alcaligenes faecalis. II. Production of glutamic acid. J. Bacteriol. 85:654–657. 1963.—On the basis of oxidation and paper chromatographic procedures, glutamic acid was identified as the end product of ergothioneine degradation by cell-free extracts of Alcaligenes faecalis. Hydrogen sulfide and ammonia yields were determined. Several differences between the metabolism of whole cells and cell-free extracts were noted. Cleavage of the imidazole ring by cell-free extracts appeared to be hydrolytic rather than oxidative. PMID:14042946

Genetic Analysis of Comamonas acidovorans Polyhydroxyalkanoate Synthase and Factors Affecting the Incorporation of 4-Hydroxybutyrate Monomer

PubMed Central

Sudesh, Kumar; Fukui, Toshiaki; Doi, Yoshiharu

1998-01-01

The polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase gene of Comamonas acidovorans DS-17 (phaCCa) was cloned by using the synthase gene of Alcaligenes eutrophus as a heterologous hybridization probe. Complete sequencing of a 4.0-kbp SmaI-HindIII (SH40) subfragment revealed the presence of a 1,893-bp PHA synthase coding region which was followed by a 1,182-bp β-ketothiolase gene (phaACa). Both the translated products of these genes showed significant identity, 51.1 and 74.2%, respectively, to the primary structures of the products of the corresponding genes in A. eutrophus. The arrangement of PHA biosynthesis genes in C. acidovorans was also similar to that in A. eutrophus except that the third gene, phaB, coding for acetoacetyl-coenzyme A reductase, was not found in the region downstream of phaACa. The cloned fragment complemented a PHA-negative mutant of A. eutrophus, PHB−4, resulting in poly-3-hydroxybutyrate accumulation of up to 73% of the dry cell weight when fructose was the carbon source. The heterologous expression enabled the incorporation of 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB) and 3-hydroxyvalerate monomers. The PHA synthase of C. acidovorans does not appear to show any preference for 4-hydroxybutyryl-coenzyme A as a substrate. This leads to the suggestion that in C. acidovorans, it is the metabolic pathway, and not the specificity of the organism’s PHA synthase, that drives the incorporation of 4HB monomers, resulting in the efficient accumulation of PHA with a high 4HB content. PMID:9726894

The Effect of Seed Soaking with Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas alcaligenes on the Growth of Swamp Cabbage (Ipomoea reptans Poir)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Widnyana, I. K.; Ngga, M.; Sapanca, P. L. Y.

2018-01-01

The research was conducted to determine the effect of seed soaking with suspense of P. alcaligenes isolate KtSl, TrN2, and TmAl to the growth of swamp cabbage. The research has been initially developed on tomatoes. In this research, Randomized Block Design was chosen as its model while the data analysis was performed by using SPSS v.17 for Windows. Three types of treatment were administered towards P. alcaligenes, namely isolating, soaking, and growing the medium. Some observed parameters were germination and growth. The results showed that seed soaking treatments with suspense P. alcaligenes fostered the germination 25% faster, enhanced the crop up to 24.4%, increased the number of leaves up until 23.15%, lengthen stems to 25%, lengthen the roots up to 46.90%, and increase the fresh weight of stems up until 67.07% and oven-dry weight of stem up to 84.21% compared to the control treatment. The best response of treatment for germination speed was soaking seeds with P. alcaligenes TrN2 for 20 minutes on both NB (Natrium Broth) and PDB (Potato Dextrose Broth) media.

Exchange of Xcp (Gsp) secretion machineries between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas alcaligenes: species specificity unrelated to substrate recognition.

PubMed

de Groot, A; Koster, M; Gérard-Vincent, M; Gerritse, G; Lazdunski, A; Tommassen, J; Filloux, A

2001-02-01

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas alcaligenes are gram-negative bacteria that secrete proteins using the type II or general secretory pathway, which requires at least 12 xcp gene products (XcpA and XcpP to -Z). Despite strong conservation of this secretion pathway, gram-negative bacteria usually cannot secrete exoproteins from other species. Based on results obtained with Erwinia, it has been proposed that the XcpP and/or XcpQ homologs determine this secretion specificity (M. Linderberg, G. P. Salmond, and A. Collmer, Mol. Microbiol. 20:175-190, 1996). In the present study, we report that XcpP and XcpQ of P. alcaligenes could not substitute for their respective P. aeruginosa counterparts. However, these complementation failures could not be correlated to species-specific recognition of exoproteins, since these bacteria could secrete exoproteins of each other. Moreover, when P. alcaligenes xcpP and xcpQ were expressed simultaneously in a P. aeruginosa xcpPQ deletion mutant, complementation was observed, albeit only on agar plates and not in liquid cultures. After growth in liquid culture the heat-stable P. alcaligenes XcpQ multimers were not detected, whereas monomers were clearly visible. Together, our results indicate that the assembly of a functional Xcp machinery requires species-specific interactions between XcpP and XcpQ and between XcpP or XcpQ and another, as yet uncharacterized component(s).

A Bioluminescent Whole-Cell Reporter for Detection of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid and 2,4-Dichlorophenol in Soil

PubMed Central

Hay, Anthony G.; Rice, James F.; Applegate, Bruce M.; Bright, Nathan G.; Sayler, Gary S.

2000-01-01

A bioreporter was made containing a tfdRPDII-luxCDABE fusion in a modified mini-Tn5 construct. When it was introduced into the chromosome of Ralstonia eutropha JMP134, the resulting strain, JMP134-32, produced a sensitive bioluminescent response to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) at concentrations of 2.0 μM to 5.0 mM. This response was linear (R2 = 0.9825) in the range of 2.0 μM to 1.1 × 102 μM. Saturation occurred at higher concentrations, with maximal bioluminescence occurring in the presence of approximately 1.2 mM 2,4-D. A sensitive response was also recorded in the presence of 2,4-dichlorophenol at concentrations below 1.1 × 102 μM; however, only a limited bioluminescent response was recorded in the presence of 3-chlorobenzoic acid at concentrations below 1.0 mM. A significant bioluminescent response was also recorded when strain JMP134-32 was incubated with soils containing aged 2,4-D residues. PMID:11010925

Alcaligenes xylosoxidans endophthalmitis following phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation.

PubMed

Robert, Pierre-Yves; Chainier, Delphine; Garnier, Fabien; Ploy, Marie-Cécile; Parneix, Pierre; Adenis, Jean-Paul; Martin, Christian

2008-01-01

Five consecutive cases of endophthalmitis that developed after cataract extraction by a single surgeon using the same operating room during one morning session are described. Following preoperative topical administration of ciprofloxacin, surgery consisted of phacoemulsification with peristaltic pump and fluid venting, polymethylmethacrylate intraocular lens implantation, and corneal suture. No complications occurred during surgery. All five patients developed endophthalmitis caused by infection with Alcaligenes xylosoxidans in less than 24 hours. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to prove similarity between strains. Bacterial inquiry on contamination of the operating room environment revealed massive colonization of phacoemulsifier irrigation channels by Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria from an unestablished source. Four of the five patients ultimately recovered visual acuity better than 20/60.

Electrophoretic analysis of cyanide depletion by Pseudomonas alcaligenes.

PubMed

Zaugg, S E; Davidson, R A; Walker, J C; Walker, E B

1997-02-01

Bacterial-facilitated depletion of cyanide is under development for remediation of heap leach operations in the gold mining industry. Capillary electrophoresis was found to be a powerful tool for quantifying cyanide depletion. Changes in cyanide concentration in aqueous suspensions of Pseudomonas alcaligenes bacteria and cyanide at elevated pH were easily monitored by capillary electrophoresis. The resulting data can be used to study rates of cyanide depletion by this strain of bacteria. Concentrations of these bacteria at 10(5) cells/mL were found to reduce cyanide from 100 ppm to less than 8 ppm in four days. In addition, other ions of interest in cyanide metabolism, such as formate, can be simultaneously analyzed. Direct UV detection of cyanide at 192 nm further simplifies the analytical method for these ions.

Bioaugmented sulfur-oxidizing denitrification system with Alcaligenes defragrans B21 for high nitrate containing wastewater treatment.

PubMed

Flores, Angel; Nisola, Grace M; Cho, Eulsaeng; Gwon, Eun-Mi; Kim, Hern; Lee, Changhee; Park, Shinjung; Chung, Wook-Jin

2007-05-01

The performance of enriched sludge augmented with the B21 strain of Alcaligenes defragrans was compared with that of enriched sludge, as well as with pure Alcaligenes defragrans B21, in the context of a sulfur-oxidizing denitrification (SOD) process. In synthetic wastewater treatment containing 100-1,000 mg NO3-N/L, the single strain-seeded system exhibited superior performance, featuring higher efficiency and a shorter startup period, provided nitrate loading rate was less than 0.2 kg NO3-N/m(3) per day. At nitrate loading rate of more than 0.5 kg NO3-N/m(3) per day, the bioaugmented sludge system showed higher resistance to shock loading than two other systems. However, no advantage of the bioaugmented system over the enriched sludge system without B21 strain was observed in overall efficiency of denitrification. Both the bioaugmented sludge and enriched sludge systems obtained stable denitrification performance of more than 80% at nitrate loading rate of up to 2 kg NO3-N/m(3) per day.

Plasmid-mediated bioaugmentation of sequencing batch reactors for enhancement of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid removal in wastewater using plasmid pJP4.

PubMed

Tsutsui, Hirofumi; Anami, Yasutaka; Matsuda, Masami; Hashimoto, Kurumi; Inoue, Daisuke; Sei, Kazunari; Soda, Satoshi; Ike, Michihiko

2013-06-01

Plasmid-mediated bioaugmentation was demonstrated using sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) for enhancing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) removal by introducing Cupriavidus necator JMP134 and Escherichia coli HB101 harboring 2,4-D-degrading plasmid pJP4. C. necator JMP134(pJP4) can mineralize and grow on 2,4-D, while E. coli HB101(pJP4) cannot assimilate 2,4-D because it lacks the chromosomal genes to degrade the intermediates. The SBR with C. necator JMP134(pJP4) showed 100 % removal against 200 mg/l of 2,4-D just after its introduction, after which 2,4-D removal dropped to 0 % on day 7 with the decline in viability of the introduced strain. The SBR with E. coli HB101(pJP4) showed low 2,4-D removal, i.e., below 10 %, until day 7. Transconjugant strains of Pseudomonas and Achromobacter isolated on day 7 could not grow on 2,4-D. Both SBRs started removing 2,4-D at 100 % after day 16 with the appearance of 2,4-D-degrading transconjugants belonging to Achromobacter, Burkholderia, Cupriavidus, and Pandoraea. After the influent 2,4-D concentration was increased to 500 mg/l on day 65, the SBR with E. coli HB101(pJP4) maintained stable 2,4-D removal of more than 95 %. Although the SBR with C. necator JMP134(pJP4) showed a temporal depression of 2,4-D removal of 65 % on day 76, almost 100 % removal was achieved thereafter. During this period, transconjugants isolated from both SBRs were mainly Achromobacter with high 2,4-D-degrading capability. In conclusion, plasmid-mediated bioaugmentation can enhance the degradation capability of activated sludge regardless of the survival of introduced strains and their 2,4-D degradation capacity.

Genomic Characterization of VIM Metallo-β-Lactamase-Producing Alcaligenes faecalis from Gaza, Palestine.

PubMed

Al Laham, Nahed; Chavda, Kalyan D; Cienfuegos-Gallet, Astrid V; Kreiswirth, Barry N; Chen, Liang

2017-11-01

Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria (CP-GNB) have increasingly spread worldwide, and different families of carbapenemases have been identified in various bacterial species. Here, we report the identification of five VIM metallo-β-lactamase-producing Alcaligenes faecalis isolates associated with a small outbreak in a large hospital in Gaza, Palestine. Next-generation sequencing analysis showed bla VIM-2 is harbored by a chromosomal genomic island among three strains, while bla VIM-4 is carried by a novel plasmid in two strains. Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.

Pharmaceutical solid-state kinetic stability investigation by using moisture-modified Arrhenius equation and JMP statistical software.

PubMed

Fu, Mingkun; Perlman, Michael; Lu, Qing; Varga, Csanad

2015-03-25

An accelerated stress approach utilizing the moisture-modified Arrhenius equation and JMP statistical software was utilized to quantitatively assess the solid state stability of an investigational oncology drug MLNA under the influence of temperature (1/T) and humidity (%RH). Physical stability of MLNA under stress conditions was evaluated by using XRPD, DSC, TGA, and DVS, while chemical stability was evaluated by using HPLC. The major chemical degradation product was identified as a hydrolysis product of MLNA drug substance, and was subsequently subjected to an investigation of kinetics based on the isoconversion concept. A mathematical model (ln k=-11,991×(1/T)+0.0298×(%RH)+29.8823) based on the initial linear kinetics observed for the formation of this degradant at all seven stress conditions was built by using the moisture-modified Arrhenius equation and JMP statistical software. Comparison of the predicted versus experimental lnk values gave a mean deviation value of 5.8%, an R(2) value of 0.94, a p-value of 0.0038, and a coefficient of variation of the root mean square error CV(RMSE) of 7.9%. These statistics all indicated a good fit to the model for the stress data of MLNA. Both temperature and humidity were shown to have a statistically significant impact on stability by using effect leverage plots (p-value<0.05 for both 1/T and %RH). Inclusion of a term representing the interaction of relative humidity and temperature (%RH×1/T) was shown not to be justified by using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), which supported the use of the moisture-corrected Arrhenius equation modeling theory. The model was found to be of value to aid setting of specifications and retest period, and storage condition selection. A model was also generated using only four conditions, as an example from a resource saving perspective, which was found to provide a good fit to the entire set of data. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Strain of alcaligenes latus bacteria used for the decomposition of polychlorinated biphenyls

DOEpatents

Dyadischev, Nikolai Romanovich; Zharikov, Gennady Alekseevich; Kapranov, Vladimir Vladimirovich

2001-09-11

Alcaligenes latus bacterial strain TXD-13 VKPM B 75-05 is capable of degrading polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The strain may be employed to detoxicate environment media and PCB-containing industrial waste. To produce biomass, the strain is incubated on media which contain carbon sources, nitrogen sources and mineral salts. The strain is cultivated by a subsurface method up to a titer from 6.0.multidot.10.sup.8 to 2.0.times.10.sup.9 cells per cu cm. The produced biomass is used for degrading PCBs in concentrations from 10.sup.7 to 10.sup.8 cells per cu cm. The strain ensures from 35 to 50% reduction in PCB content in soil and water.

Effect of nitrogen source on curdlan production by Alcaligenes faecalis ATCC 31749.

PubMed

Jiang, Longfa

2013-01-01

This study aims to investigate the effect of nitrogen source on curdlan production by Alcaligenes faecalis ATCC 31749. Curdlan production fell when excess nitrogen source was present, while biomass accumulation increased as the level of nitrogen source raised. Curdlan production and biomass accumulation were greater with urea compared with those with other nitrogen sources. The highest production of curdlan and biomass accumulation by A. faecalis ATCC 31749 was 28.16 g L(-1) and 9.58 g L(-1), respectively, with urea, whereas those with NH(4)Cl were 15.17 g L(-1) and 6.25 g L(-1), respectively. The optimum fermentation time for curdlan production was also affected by the nitrogen source in the medium. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Interactions between Pteris vittata L. genotypes and a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-degrading bacterium (Alcaligenes sp.) in arsenic uptake and PAH-dissipation.

PubMed

Sun, Lu; Zhu, Ganghui; Liao, Xiaoyong; Yan, Xiulan

2017-11-01

The effects of two Pteris vittata L. accessions and a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-degrading bacterium (Alcaligenes sp.) on arsenic (As) uptake and phenanthrene dissipation were studied. The Alcaligenes sp. survived in the rhizosphere and improved soil As bioavailability with co-exposure. However, bacterial inoculation altered Pteris vittata L. stress tolerance, and substantially affected the As distribution in the rhizosphere of the two P. vittata accessions. Bacterial inoculation was beneficial to protect the Guangxi accession against the toxic effects, and significantly increased plant As and phenanthrene removal ratios by 27.8% and 2.89%, respectively. In contrast, As removal was reduced by 29.8% in the Hunan accession, when compared with corresponding non-inoculated treatments. We conclude that plant genotype selection is critically important for successful microorganism-assisted phytoremediation of soil co-contaminated with As and PAHs, and appropriate genotype selection may enhance remediation efficiency. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Metal induced changes in trivalent chromium resistant Alcaligenes faecalis VITSIM2.

PubMed

Matilda, Shiny C; Shanthi, Chittibabu

2017-05-01

The changes induced in bacterial strains under stress conditions provide an insight into metal resistance strategies. Trivalent chromium resistant bacterium were isolated and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and designated as Alcaligenes faecalis VITSIM2. The growth pattern was monitored. The organism also showed resistance to copper, cadmium, and certain antibiotics. The differentially expressed proteins in SDS PAGE were identified by mass spectrometry as flagellin and 50S ribosomal L36 protein. The morphological changes were identified by scanning electron microscopy. The changes in the cell wall content were estimated by peptidoglycan analysis and transformation of phosphates was detected by 31 P NMR. Flow cytometry was employed to measure the membrane integrity, esterase activity and intracellular pH. In conclusion spectrum of proteomic, physiological, and morphological alterations was observed that aid the organism to overcome chromium stress. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Identification of the region of a 14-kilodalton protein of Rhodococcus ruber that is responsible for the binding of this phasin to polyhydroxyalkanoic acid granules.

PubMed Central

Pieper-Fürst, U; Madkour, M H; Mayer, F; Steinbüchel, A

1995-01-01

The function of the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (PHA) granule-associated GA14 protein of Rhodococcus ruber was investigated in Escherichia coli XL1-Blue, which coexpressed this protein with the polyhydroxybutyric acid (PHB) biosynthesis operon of Alcaligenes eutrophus. The GA14 protein had no influence on the biosynthesis rate of PHB in E. coli XL1-Blue(pSKCO7), but this recombinant E. coli strain formed smaller PHB granules than were formed by an E. coli strain that expressed only the PHB operon. Immunoelectron microscopy with GA14-specific antibodies demonstrated the binding of GA14 protein to these mini granules. In a previous study, two hydrophobic domains close to the C terminus of the GA14 protein were analyzed, and a working hypothesis that suggested an anchoring of the GA14 protein in the phospholipid monolayer surrounding the PHA granule core by these hydrophobic domains was developed (U. Pieper-Fürst, M. H. Madkour, F. Mayer, and A. Steinbüchel, J. Bacteriol. 176:4328-4337, 1994). This hypothesis was confirmed by the construction of C-terminally truncated variants of the GA14 protein lacking the second or both hydrophobic domains and by the demonstration of their inability to bind to PHB granules. Further confirmation of the hypothesis was obtained by the construction of a fusion protein composed of the acetaldehyde dehydrogenase II of A. eutrophus and the C terminus of the GA14 protein containing both hydrophobic domains and by its affinity to native and artificial PHB granules. PMID:7730285

Mobilization of Selenite by Ralstonia metallidurans CH34

PubMed Central

Roux, Murielle; Sarret, Géraldine; Pignot-Paintrand, Isabelle; Fontecave, Marc; Coves, Jacques

2001-01-01

Ralstonia metallidurans CH34 (formerly Alcaligenes eutrophus CH34) is a soil bacterium characteristic of metal-contaminated biotopes, as it is able to grow in the presence of a variety of heavy metals. R. metallidurans CH34 is reported now to resist up to 6 mM selenite and to reduce selenite to elemental red selenium as shown by extended X-ray absorption fine-structure analysis. Growth kinetics analysis suggests an adaptation of the cells to the selenite stress during the lag-phase period. Depending on the culture conditions, the medium can be completely depleted of selenite. Selenium accumulates essentially in the cytoplasm as judged from electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Elemental selenium, highly insoluble, represents a nontoxic storage form for the bacterium. The ability of R. metallidurans CH34 to reduce large amounts of selenite may be of interest for bioremediation processes targeting selenite-polluted sites. PMID:11157242

Mathematical model for determining the effects of intracytoplasmic inclusions on volume and density of microorganisms.

PubMed Central

Mas, J; Pedrós-Alió, C; Guerrero, R

1985-01-01

Procaryotic microorganisms accumulate several polymers in the form of intracellular inclusions as a strategy to increase survival in a changing environment. Such inclusions avoid osmotic pressure increases by tightly packaging certain macromolecules into the inclusion. In the present paper, a model describing changes in volume and density of the microbial cell as a function of the weight of the macromolecule forming the inclusion is derived from simple theoretical principles. The model is then tested by linear regression with experimental data from glycogen accumulation in Escherichia coli, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate accumulation in Alcaligenes eutrophus, and sulfur accumulation in Chromatium spp. The model predicts a certain degree of hydration of the polymer in the inclusion and explains both the linear relationship between volume of the cell and weight of the polymer and the hyperbolic relationship between density of the cell and weight of the polymer. Other implications of the model are also discussed. PMID:3902798

Separation and characterization of effective demulsifying substances from surface of Alcaligenes sp. S-XJ-1 and its application in water-in-kerosene emulsion.

PubMed

Huang, Xiangfeng; Peng, Kaiming; Feng, Yi; Liu, Jia; Lu, Lijun

2013-07-01

The main goal of this work was to analyze the effect of surface substances on demulsifying capability of the demulsifying strain Alcaligenes sp. S-XJ-1. The demulsifying substances were successfully separated from the cell surface with dichloromethane-alkali treatment, and exhibited 67.5% of the demulsification ratio for water-in-kerosene emulsions at a dosage of 356mg/L. FT-IR, TLC and ESI-MS analysis confirmed the presence of a carbohydrate-protein-lipid complex in the demulsifying substances with the major molecular ions from mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) 165 to 814. After the substances separated, the cell morphology changed from aggregated to dispersed, and the concentration of cell surface functional groups decreased. Cell surface hydrophobicity and the ability of cell adhesion to hydrophobic surface of the treated cells was also reduced compared with original cell. It was proved that the demulsifying substances had a significant effect on cell surface properties and accordingly with demulsifying capability of Alcaligenes sp. S-XJ-1. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Novel 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Degradation Genes from Oligotrophic Bradyrhizobium sp. Strain HW13 Isolated from a Pristine Environment

PubMed Central

Kitagawa, Wataru; Takami, Sachiko; Miyauchi, Keisuke; Masai, Eiji; Kamagata, Yoichi; Tiedje, James M.; Fukuda, Masao

2002-01-01

The tfd genes of Ralstonia eutropha JMP134 are the only well-characterized set of genes responsible for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) degradation among 2,4-D-degrading bacteria. A new family of 2,4-D degradation genes, cadRABKC, was cloned and characterized from Bradyrhizobium sp. strain HW13, a strain that was isolated from a buried Hawaiian soil that has never experienced anthropogenic chemicals. The cadR gene was inferred to encode an AraC/XylS type of transcriptional regulator from its deduced amino acid sequence. The cadABC genes were predicted to encode 2,4-D oxygenase subunits from their deduced amino acid sequences that showed 46, 44, and 37% identities with the TftA and TftB subunits of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) oxygenase of Burkholderia cepacia AC1100 and with a putative ferredoxin, ThcC, of Rhodococcus erythropolis NI86/21, respectively. They are thoroughly different from the 2,4-D dioxygenase gene, tfdA, of R. eutropha JMP134. The cadK gene was presumed to encode a 2,4-D transport protein from its deduced amino acid sequence that showed 60% identity with the 2,4-D transporter, TfdK, of strain JMP134. Sinorhizobium meliloti Rm1021 cells containing cadRABKC transformed several phenoxyacetic acids, including 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T, to corresponding phenol derivatives. Frameshift mutations indicated that each of the cadRABC genes was essential for 2,4-D conversion in strain Rm1021 but that cadK was not. Five 2,4-D degraders, including Bradyrhizobium and Sphingomonas strains, were found to have cadA gene homologs, suggesting that these 2,4-D degraders share 2,4-D degradation genes similar to those of strain HW13 cadABC. PMID:11751829

Rhizosphere colonization and arsenic translocation in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by arsenate reducing Alcaligenes sp. strain Dhal-L.

PubMed

Cavalca, Lucia; Corsini, Anna; Bachate, Sachin Prabhakar; Andreoni, Vincenza

2013-10-01

In the present study, six arsenic-resistant strains previously isolated were tested for their plant growth promoting characteristics and heavy metal resistance, in order to choose one model strain as an inoculum for sunflower plants in pot experiments. The aim was to investigate the effect of arsenic-resistant strain on sunflower growth and on arsenic uptake from arsenic contaminated soil. Based on plant growth promoting characteristics and heavy metal resistance, Alcaligenes sp. strain Dhal-L was chosen as an inoculum. Beside the ability to reduce arsenate to arsenite via an Ars operon, the strain exhibited 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase activity and it was also able to produce siderophore and indole acetic acid. Pot experiments were conducted with an agricultural soil contaminated with arsenic (214 mg kg⁻¹). A real time PCR method was set up based on the quantification of ACR3(2) type of arsenite efflux pump carried by Alcaligenes sp. strain Dhal-L, in order to monitor presence and colonisation of the strain in the bulk and rhizospheric soil. As a result of strain inoculation, arsenic uptake by plants was increased by 53 %, whereas ACR3(2) gene copy number in rhizospheric soil was 100 times higher in inoculated than in control pots, indicating the colonisation of strain. The results indicated that the presence of arsenate reducing strains in the rhizosphere of sunflower influences arsenic mobilization and promotes arsenic uptake by plant.

Evaluation of the Program in Medical Education for the Urban Underserved (PRIME-US) at the UC Berkeley-UCSF Joint Medical Program (JMP): The First 4 Years.

PubMed

Sokal-Gutierrez, Karen; Ivey, Susan L; Garcia, Roxanna M; Azzam, Amin

2015-01-01

Medical educators, clinicians, and health policy experts widely acknowledge the need to increase the diversity of our healthcare workforce and build our capacity to care for medically underserved populations and reduce health disparities. The Program in Medical Education for the Urban Underserved (PRIME-US) is part of a family of programs across the University of California (UC) medical schools aiming to recruit and train physicians to care for underserved populations, expand the healthcare workforce to serve diverse populations, and promote health equity. PRIME-US selects medical students from diverse backgrounds who are committed to caring for underserved populations and provides a 5-year curriculum including a summer orientation, a longitudinal seminar series with community engagement and leadership-development activities, preclerkship clinical immersion in an underserved setting, a master's degree, and a capstone rotation in the final year of medical school. This is a mixed-methods evaluation of the first 4 years of the PRIME-US at the UC Berkeley-UC San Francisco Joint Medical Program (JMP). From 2006 to 2010, focus groups were conducted each year with classes of JMP PRIME-US students, for a total of 11 focus groups; major themes were identified using content analysis. In addition, 4 yearly anonymous, online surveys of all JMP students, faculty and staff were conducted and analyzed. Most PRIME-US students came from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds and ethnic backgrounds underrepresented in medicine, and all were committed to caring for underserved populations. The PRIME-US students experienced many program benefits including peer support, professional role models and mentorship, and curricular enrichment activities that developed their knowledge, skills, and sustained commitment to care for underserved populations. Non-PRIME students, faculty, and staff also benefited from participating in PRIME-sponsored seminars and community-based activities

40 CFR 415.134 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2011-07-01 2009-07-01 true [Reserved] 415.134 Section 415.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS INORGANIC CHEMICALS MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Potassium Sulfate Production Subcategory § 415.134...

40 CFR 415.134 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2014-07-01 2012-07-01 true [Reserved] 415.134 Section 415.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS INORGANIC CHEMICALS MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Potassium Sulfate Production Subcategory § 415.134...

40 CFR 415.134 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true [Reserved] 415.134 Section 415.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS INORGANIC CHEMICALS MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Potassium Sulfate Production Subcategory § 415.134...

40 CFR 415.134 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 415.134 Section 415.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS INORGANIC CHEMICALS MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Potassium Sulfate Production Subcategory § 415.134...

40 CFR 415.134 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true [Reserved] 415.134 Section 415.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS INORGANIC CHEMICALS MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Potassium Sulfate Production Subcategory § 415.134...

Replacement of Tyrosine 181 by Phenylalanine in Gentisate 1,2-Dioxygenase I from Pseudomonas alcaligenes NCIMB 9867 Enhances Catalytic Activities

PubMed Central

Tan, Chew Ling; Yeo, Chew Chieng; Khoo, Hoon Eng; Poh, Chit Laa

2005-01-01

xlnE, encoding gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.4), from Pseudomonas alcaligenes (P25X) was mutagenized by site-directed mutagenesis. The mutant enzyme, Y181F, demonstrated 4-, 3-, 6-, and 16-fold increases in relative activity towards gentisate and 3-fluoro-, 4-methyl-, and 3-methylgentisate, respectively. The specific mutation conferred a 13-fold higher catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) on Y181F towards 3-methylgentisate than that of the wild-type enzyme. PMID:16237038

40 CFR 426.134 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] 426.134 Section 426.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS GLASS MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Hand Pressed and Blown Glass Manufacturing Subcategory § 426.134 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 426.134 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 426.134 Section 426.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS GLASS MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Hand Pressed and Blown Glass Manufacturing Subcategory § 426.134 [Reserved] ...

50 CFR 600.134 - Stipends.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 12 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Stipends. 600.134 Section 600.134 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MAGNUSON-STEVENS ACT PROVISIONS Regional Fishery Management Councils § 600.134...

50 CFR 600.134 - Stipends.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Stipends. 600.134 Section 600.134 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MAGNUSON-STEVENS ACT PROVISIONS Regional Fishery Management Councils § 600.134...

50 CFR 600.134 - Stipends.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 12 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Stipends. 600.134 Section 600.134 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MAGNUSON-STEVENS ACT PROVISIONS Regional Fishery Management Councils § 600.134...

49 CFR 176.134 - Vehicles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Vehicles. 176.134 Section 176.134 Transportation... Class 1 (Explosive) Materials Stowage § 176.134 Vehicles. Closed vehicles may be used to transport Class... requirements relating to the transport of Class 1 (explosive) materials in vehicles. ...

49 CFR 176.134 - Vehicles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Vehicles. 176.134 Section 176.134 Transportation... Class 1 (Explosive) Materials Stowage § 176.134 Vehicles. Closed vehicles may be used to transport Class... requirements relating to the transport of Class 1 (explosive) materials in vehicles. ...

49 CFR 176.134 - Vehicles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Vehicles. 176.134 Section 176.134 Transportation... Class 1 (Explosive) Materials Stowage § 176.134 Vehicles. Closed vehicles may be used to transport Class... requirements relating to the transport of Class 1 (explosive) materials in vehicles. ...

7 CFR 966.134 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Reports. 966.134 Section 966.134 Agriculture... Regulations Exemption Procedures § 966.134 Reports. Persons handling tomatoes under exemption certificates shall, at such times as may be specified in such certificates, report thereon to the committee the names...

7 CFR 966.134 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Reports. 966.134 Section 966.134 Agriculture... Regulations Exemption Procedures § 966.134 Reports. Persons handling tomatoes under exemption certificates shall, at such times as may be specified in such certificates, report thereon to the committee the names...

13 CFR 134.402 - Appeal petition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Appeal petition. 134.402 Section 134.402 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING... § 134.402 Appeal petition. In addition to the requirements of § 134.203, an appeal petition must state...

22 CFR 134.25 - Settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Settlement. 134.25 Section 134.25 Foreign... Considering Applications § 134.25 Settlement. The applicant and the Department of State may agree on a proposed settlement of the award before final action on the application, either in connection with a...

10 CFR 13.4 - Investigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Investigation. 13.4 Section 13.4 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 13.4 Investigation. (a) If an investigating official concludes that... Operations for enforcement action under the Atomic Energy Act, or to defer initiating an investigation or...

6 CFR 13.4 - Investigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Investigation. 13.4 Section 13.4 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 13.4 Investigation. (a) If an Investigating Official concludes that a subpoena pursuant to the Authority conferred by...

13 CFR 134.310 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Discovery. 134.310 Section 134.310 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES BEFORE THE... Designations § 134.310 Discovery. Discovery will not be permitted in appeals from size determinations or NAICS...

13 CFR 134.310 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Discovery. 134.310 Section 134.310 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES BEFORE THE... Designations § 134.310 Discovery. Discovery will not be permitted in appeals from size determinations or NAICS...

13 CFR 134.310 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Discovery. 134.310 Section 134.310 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES BEFORE THE... Designations § 134.310 Discovery. Discovery will not be permitted in appeals from size determinations or NAICS...

13 CFR 134.310 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Discovery. 134.310 Section 134.310 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES BEFORE THE... Designations § 134.310 Discovery. Discovery will not be permitted in appeals from size determinations or NAICS...

13 CFR 134.310 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Discovery. 134.310 Section 134.310 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES BEFORE THE... Designations § 134.310 Discovery. Discovery will not be permitted in appeals from size determinations or NAICS...

Biodegradation of 4-chlorophenol by adsorptive immobilized Alcaligenes sp. A 7-2 in soil.

PubMed

Balfanz, J; Rehm, H J

1991-08-01

Alcaligenes sp. A 7-2 immobilized on granular clay has been applied in a percolator to degrade 4-chlorophenol in sandy soil. Good adsorption rates on granular clay were achieved using cell suspensions with high titres and media at pH 8.0. The influence of various parameters such as aeration rate, pH, temperature, concentration of 4-chlorophenol and size of inoculum on the degradation rate were investigated. During fed-batch fermentations under optimal culture conditions, concentrations of 4-chlorophenol up to 160 mg.l-1 could be degraded. Semicontinuous culture experiments demonstrated that the degradation potential in soil could be well established and enhanced by the addition of immobilized bacteria. Continuous fermentation was performed with varying 4-chlorophenol concentrations in the feed and different input levels. The maximum degradation rate was 1.64 g.l-1.day-1.

13 CFR 134.219 - Sanctions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Sanctions. 134.219 Section 134.219 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice for Most Cases § 134.219 Sanctions. A Judge may impose...

13 CFR 134.210 - Intervention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Intervention. 134.210 Section 134... BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice § 134.210 Intervention. (a) By SBA. SBA may... of the moving party's interest in the case and the necessity for intervention to protect such...

13 CFR 134.210 - Intervention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Intervention. 134.210 Section 134... BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice § 134.210 Intervention. (a) By SBA. SBA may... of the moving party's interest in the case and the necessity for intervention to protect such...

13 CFR 134.210 - Intervention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Intervention. 134.210 Section 134... BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice § 134.210 Intervention. (a) By SBA. SBA may... of the moving party's interest in the case and the necessity for intervention to protect such...

13 CFR 134.210 - Intervention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Intervention. 134.210 Section 134... BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice § 134.210 Intervention. (a) By SBA. SBA may... of the moving party's interest in the case and the necessity for intervention to protect such...

13 CFR 134.210 - Intervention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Intervention. 134.210 Section 134... BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice for Most Cases § 134.210 Intervention. (a) By... intervention to protect such interest. An interested person is any individual, business entity, or governmental...

5 CFR 185.134 - Witnesses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Witnesses. 185.134 Section 185.134 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 185.134 Witnesses. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, testimony at the hearing shall be given orally by witnesses under...

13 CFR 134.213 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Discovery. 134.213 Section 134.213... OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice for Most Cases § 134.213 Discovery. (a) Motion. A party may obtain discovery only upon motion, and for good cause shown. (b) Forms. The forms of discovery...

13 CFR 134.213 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Discovery. 134.213 Section 134.213... OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice § 134.213 Discovery. (a) Motion. A party may obtain discovery only upon motion, and for good cause shown. (b) Forms. The forms of discovery which a Judge can...

13 CFR 134.213 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Discovery. 134.213 Section 134.213... OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice § 134.213 Discovery. (a) Motion. A party may obtain discovery only upon motion, and for good cause shown. (b) Forms. The forms of discovery which a Judge can...

13 CFR 134.213 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Discovery. 134.213 Section 134.213... OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice § 134.213 Discovery. (a) Motion. A party may obtain discovery only upon motion, and for good cause shown. (b) Forms. The forms of discovery which a Judge can...

13 CFR 134.213 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Discovery. 134.213 Section 134.213... OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice § 134.213 Discovery. (a) Motion. A party may obtain discovery only upon motion, and for good cause shown. (b) Forms. The forms of discovery which a Judge can...

24 CFR 13.4 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Reports. 13.4 Section 13.4 Housing... PENALTY MAIL IN THE LOCATION AND RECOVERY OF MISSING CHILDREN § 13.4 Reports. HUD shall compile and submit... report on its experience in implementing S. 1195 Official Mail Use in the Location and Recovery of...

24 CFR 13.4 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Reports. 13.4 Section 13.4 Housing... PENALTY MAIL IN THE LOCATION AND RECOVERY OF MISSING CHILDREN § 13.4 Reports. HUD shall compile and submit... report on its experience in implementing S. 1195 Official Mail Use in the Location and Recovery of...

24 CFR 13.4 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Reports. 13.4 Section 13.4 Housing... PENALTY MAIL IN THE LOCATION AND RECOVERY OF MISSING CHILDREN § 13.4 Reports. HUD shall compile and submit... report on its experience in implementing S. 1195 Official Mail Use in the Location and Recovery of...

24 CFR 13.4 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reports. 13.4 Section 13.4 Housing... PENALTY MAIL IN THE LOCATION AND RECOVERY OF MISSING CHILDREN § 13.4 Reports. HUD shall compile and submit... report on its experience in implementing S. 1195 Official Mail Use in the Location and Recovery of...

24 CFR 13.4 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Reports. 13.4 Section 13.4 Housing... PENALTY MAIL IN THE LOCATION AND RECOVERY OF MISSING CHILDREN § 13.4 Reports. HUD shall compile and submit... report on its experience in implementing S. 1195 Official Mail Use in the Location and Recovery of...

Biodegradation of ochratoxin A by Alcaligenes faecalis isolated from soil.

PubMed

Zhang, H H; Wang, Y; Zhao, C; Wang, J; Zhang, X L

2017-09-01

The aim of this study is to report on the hydrolytic action of Alcaligenes faecalis isolated from soil samples and its ability to degrade ochratoxin A. An A. faecalis strain was identified and characterized by employing both a phenotypic analysis and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The results show that this strain could degrade ochratoxin A efficiently but could not use it as a sole carbon source. Ochratoxin α was confirmed as a degradation product in the intracellular extract of A. faecalis using UPLC-MS/MS. Our results suggest that the biodegradation of ochratoxin A by the A. faecalis strain occurs through the hydrolysis of the ochratoxin A amide bond by a putative peptidase. This is the first report to date on the degradation of ochratoxin A by A. faecalis. The A. faecalis strain is presumably a suitable candidate for use in the biodegradation of ochratoxin A. Ochratoxin A, which is produced by some filamentous fungi, severely impacts human and animal health by contaminating several types of food and feed. Our study contributes to the identification of the function of A. faecalis 0D-1, which is capable of producing hydrolytic enzyme(s) to biodegrade ochratoxin A into nontoxic ochratoxin α, to minimize the risk associated with ochratoxin A exposure. © 2017 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

42 CFR 410.134 - Provider qualifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Provider qualifications. 410.134 Section 410.134 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM SUPPLEMENTARY MEDICAL INSURANCE (SMI) BENEFITS Medical Nutrition Therapy § 410.134 Provider...

42 CFR 410.134 - Provider qualifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Provider qualifications. 410.134 Section 410.134 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM SUPPLEMENTARY MEDICAL INSURANCE (SMI) BENEFITS Medical Nutrition Therapy § 410.134 Provider...

42 CFR 410.134 - Provider qualifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Provider qualifications. 410.134 Section 410.134 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM SUPPLEMENTARY MEDICAL INSURANCE (SMI) BENEFITS Medical Nutrition Therapy § 410.134 Provider...

42 CFR 410.134 - Provider qualifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Provider qualifications. 410.134 Section 410.134 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM SUPPLEMENTARY MEDICAL INSURANCE (SMI) BENEFITS Medical Nutrition Therapy § 410.134 Provider...

42 CFR 410.134 - Provider qualifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Provider qualifications. 410.134 Section 410.134 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM SUPPLEMENTARY MEDICAL INSURANCE (SMI) BENEFITS Medical Nutrition Therapy § 410.134 Provider...

9 CFR 2.134 - Contingency planning.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Contingency planning. 2.134 Section 2.134 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL WELFARE REGULATIONS Miscellaneous § 2.134 Contingency planning. (a) Dealers, exhibitors...

9 CFR 2.134 - Contingency planning.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Contingency planning. 2.134 Section 2.134 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL WELFARE REGULATIONS Miscellaneous § 2.134 Contingency planning. (a) Dealers, exhibitors...

46 CFR 134.130 - New construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false New construction. 134.130 Section 134.130 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS ADDED PROVISIONS FOR LIFTBOATS § 134.130 New construction. Each applicant for an original Certificate of Inspection and for...

46 CFR 134.130 - New construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false New construction. 134.130 Section 134.130 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS ADDED PROVISIONS FOR LIFTBOATS § 134.130 New construction. Each applicant for an original Certificate of Inspection and for...

19 CFR 134.34 - Certain repacked articles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Certain repacked articles. 134.34 Section 134.34... TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Exceptions to Marking Requirements § 134.34 Certain repacked articles. (a) Exception for repacked articles. An exception under § 134.32(d) may be authorized in the...

19 CFR 134.34 - Certain repacked articles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Certain repacked articles. 134.34 Section 134.34... TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Exceptions to Marking Requirements § 134.34 Certain repacked articles. (a) Exception for repacked articles. An exception under § 134.32(d) may be authorized in the...

19 CFR 134.34 - Certain repacked articles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Certain repacked articles. 134.34 Section 134.34... TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Exceptions to Marking Requirements § 134.34 Certain repacked articles. (a) Exception for repacked articles. An exception under § 134.32(d) may be authorized in the...

19 CFR 134.34 - Certain repacked articles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Certain repacked articles. 134.34 Section 134.34... TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Exceptions to Marking Requirements § 134.34 Certain repacked articles. (a) Exception for repacked articles. An exception under § 134.32(d) may be authorized in the...

19 CFR 134.34 - Certain repacked articles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Certain repacked articles. 134.34 Section 134.34... TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Exceptions to Marking Requirements § 134.34 Certain repacked articles. (a) Exception for repacked articles. An exception under § 134.32(d) may be authorized in the...

13 CFR 134.203 - The petition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... other subparts of this part 134. For SBA Employee Disputes, see Standard Operating Procedure 37 71 02... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false The petition. 134.203 Section 134.203 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES...

7 CFR 1.134 - Docket number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Docket number. 1.134 Section 1.134 Agriculture Office... Adjudicatory Proceedings Instituted by the Secretary Under Various Statutes § 1.134 Docket number. Each proceeding, immediately following its institution, shall be assigned a docket number by the Hearing Clerk...

7 CFR 1.134 - Docket number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Docket number. 1.134 Section 1.134 Agriculture Office... Adjudicatory Proceedings Instituted by the Secretary Under Various Statutes § 1.134 Docket number. Each proceeding, immediately following its institution, shall be assigned a docket number by the Hearing Clerk...

7 CFR 1.134 - Docket number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Docket number. 1.134 Section 1.134 Agriculture Office... Adjudicatory Proceedings Instituted by the Secretary Under Various Statutes § 1.134 Docket number. Each proceeding, immediately following its institution, shall be assigned a docket number by the Hearing Clerk...

7 CFR 1.134 - Docket number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Docket number. 1.134 Section 1.134 Agriculture Office... Adjudicatory Proceedings Instituted by the Secretary Under Various Statutes § 1.134 Docket number. Each proceeding, immediately following its institution, shall be assigned a docket number by the Hearing Clerk...

7 CFR 1.134 - Docket number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Docket number. 1.134 Section 1.134 Agriculture Office... Adjudicatory Proceedings Instituted by the Secretary Under Various Statutes § 1.134 Docket number. Each proceeding, immediately following its institution, shall be assigned a docket number by the Hearing Clerk...

19 CFR 134.53 - Examination packages.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Examination packages. 134.53 Section 134.53... TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Articles Found Not Legally Marked § 134.53 Examination packages. (a) Site of marking—(1) Customs custody. Articles (or containers) in examination packages may be marked by...

32 CFR 935.134 - Arm signals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Arm signals. 935.134 Section 935.134 National... WAKE ISLAND CODE Motor Vehicle Code § 935.134 Arm signals. (a) Any person operating a motor vehicle and... signal for a turn or stop is made by fully extending the left arm as follows: (1) Left turn—extend left...

32 CFR 935.134 - Arm signals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Arm signals. 935.134 Section 935.134 National... WAKE ISLAND CODE Motor Vehicle Code § 935.134 Arm signals. (a) Any person operating a motor vehicle and... signal for a turn or stop is made by fully extending the left arm as follows: (1) Left turn—extend left...

32 CFR 935.134 - Arm signals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Arm signals. 935.134 Section 935.134 National... WAKE ISLAND CODE Motor Vehicle Code § 935.134 Arm signals. (a) Any person operating a motor vehicle and... signal for a turn or stop is made by fully extending the left arm as follows: (1) Left turn—extend left...

13 CFR 134.408 - Summary decision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Summary decision. 134.408 Section... § 134.408 Summary decision. (a) Generally. In any appeal under this subpart D, either party may move or cross-move for summary decision, as provided in § 134.212. (b) Summary decision based on fewer than all...

13 CFR 134.217 - Settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... has express authority, under statute, SBA regulation or SBA standard operating procedures, to review... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Settlement. 134.217 Section 134.217 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES...

R-134a emissions from vehicles.

PubMed

Siegl, W O; Wallington, T J; Guenther, M T; Henney, T; Pawlak, D; Duffy, M

2002-02-15

We report the first study of R-134a (also known as HFC-134a and CF3CFH2) refrigerant leakage from air conditioning (AC) systems of modern vehicles. Twenty-eight light duty vehicles from five manufacturers (Ford, Toyota, Daimler Chrysler, General Motors, and Honda) were tested according to the USEPA (Federal) extended diurnal test procedure using the Sealed Housing for Evaporative Determination (SHED) apparatus. All tests were conducted using stationary vehicles with the motor and air conditioning system turned off. R-134a was measured using gas chromatography (GC) with a flame ionization detector (FID). All vehicles exhibited measurable R-134a leakage over the 2-day diurnal test. Leak rates of R-134a ranged from 0.01 to 0.36 g/day with an average of 0.07+/-0.07 g/day. When combined with leakage associated with vehicle operation, servicing, and disposal we estimate that the lifetime average R-134a emission rate from an AC equipped vehicle is 0.41+/-0.27 g/day (the majority of emissions are associated with vehicle servicing and disposal). Assuming that the average vehicle travels 10 000 miles per year we estimate that the global warming impact of R-134a leakage from an AC equipped vehicle is approximately 4-5% of that of the CO2 emitted by the vehicle. The results are discussed with respect to the contribution of vehicle emissions to global climate change.

Experimental evaluation of automotive air-conditioning using HFC-134a and HC-134a

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nasution, Henry; Zainudin, Muhammad Amir; Aziz, Azhar Abdul; Latiff, Zulkarnain Abdul; Perang, Mohd Rozi Mohd; Rahman, Abd Halim Abdul

2012-06-01

An experimental study to evaluate the energy consumption of an automotive air conditioning is presented. In this study, these refrigerants will be tested using the experimental rig which simulated the actual cars as a cabin complete with a cooling system component of the actual car that is as the blower, evaporator, condenser, radiators, electric motor, which acts as a vehicle engine, and then the electric motor will operate the compressor using a belt and pulley system, as well as to the alternator will recharge the battery. The compressor working with the fluids HFC-134a and HC-134a and has been tested varying the speed in the range 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 rpm. The measurements taken during the one hour experimental periods at 2-minutes interval times for temperature setpoint of 20°C with internal heat loads 0, 500, 700 and 1000 W. The final results of this study show an overall better energy consumption of the HFC-134a compared with the HC-134a.

13 CFR 134.217 - Settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... authority, under statute, SBA regulation or SBA standard operating procedures, to review the contents of a... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Settlement. 134.217 Section 134.217 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES...

13 CFR 134.217 - Settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... authority, under statute, SBA regulation or SBA standard operating procedures, to review the contents of a... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Settlement. 134.217 Section 134.217 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES...

13 CFR 134.217 - Settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... authority, under statute, SBA regulation or SBA standard operating procedures, to review the contents of a... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Settlement. 134.217 Section 134.217 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES...

13 CFR 134.217 - Settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... authority, under statute, SBA regulation or SBA standard operating procedures, to review the contents of a... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Settlement. 134.217 Section 134.217 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES...

Production, PET performance and dosimetric considerations of 134Ce/134La, an Auger electron and positron-emitting generator for radionuclide therapy.

PubMed

Lubberink, Mark; Lundqvist, Hans; Tolmachev, Vladimir

2002-02-21

We propose the use of the Auger electron and positron-emitting generator 134Ce/134La (half-lives 3.16 d and 6.45 min) for radionuclide therapy. It combines emission of high-energy beta particles with Auger electrons. The high-energy beta particles have similar energies as those emitted by 90Y. Many cancer patients receiving radionuclide therapy have both bulk tumours, which are best treated with high-energy beta particles, and single spread cells or micrometastasis, which are preferably treated with low-energy electrons such as Auger and conversion electrons. Furthermore, the positron-emitting 134La can be used to study kinetics and dosimetry using PET. Production and PET performance were investigated and theoretical dosimetry calculations were made. PET resolution, recovery and quantitative accuracy were slightly degraded for 134La compared to 18F. 134Ce/134La absorbed doses to single cells were higher than absorbed doses from 90Y and 111In. Absorbed doses to spheres representing bulk tumours were almost as high as for 90Y, and a factor 10 higher than for 111In. Whole-body absorbed doses, based on kinetics of the somatostatin analogue octreotide, were higher for 134Ce/134La than for 90Y because of the 134La annihilation photons. This initial study of the therapeutic possibilities of 134Ce/134La is encouraging and justifies further investigations.

28 CFR 115.134 - Specialized training: Investigations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Specialized training: Investigations. 115.134 Section 115.134 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Lockups Training and Education § 115.134 Specialized training...

28 CFR 115.134 - Specialized training: Investigations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Specialized training: Investigations. 115.134 Section 115.134 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Lockups Training and Education § 115.134 Specialized training...

28 CFR 115.134 - Specialized training: Investigations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Specialized training: Investigations. 115.134 Section 115.134 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Lockups Training and Education § 115.134 Specialized training...

N2O and N2 production during heterotrophic nitrification by Alcaligenes faecalis strain NR.

PubMed

Zhao, Bin; An, Qiang; He, Yi Liang; Guo, Jin Song

2012-07-01

A heterotrophic nitrifier, strain NR, was isolated from a membrane bioreactor. Strain NR was identified as Alcaligenes faecalis by Auto-Microbic system and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. A. faecalis strain NR shows a capability of heterotrophic nitrification and N(2)O and N(2) production as well under the aerobic condition. Further tests demonstrated that neither nitrite nor nitrate could be denitrified aerobically by strain NR. However, when hydroxylamine was used as the sole nitrogen source, nitrogenous gases were detected. With an enzyme assay, a 0.063 U activity of hydroxylamine oxidase was observed, while nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase were undetectable. Thus, nitrogenous gas was speculated to be produced via hydroxylamine. Therefore, two different metabolic pathways might exist in A. faecalis NR. One is heterotrophic nitrification by oxidizing ammonium to nitrite and nitrate. The other is oxidizing ammonium to nitrogenous gas directly via hydroxylamine. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

44 CFR 13.4 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2012-10-01 2011-10-01 true Applicability. 13.4 Section 13.4 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND... expenses under The Food Stamp Act of 1977 (section 16 of the Act). (7) A grant for an experimental, pilot...

22 CFR 134.22 - Answer to application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Answer to application. 134.22 Section 134.22 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE MISCELLANEOUS EQUAL ACCESS TO JUSTICE ACT; IMPLEMENTATION Procedures for Considering Applications § 134.22 Answer to application. (a) Within 30 days after service of an...

22 CFR 134.22 - Answer to application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Answer to application. 134.22 Section 134.22 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE MISCELLANEOUS EQUAL ACCESS TO JUSTICE ACT; IMPLEMENTATION Procedures for Considering Applications § 134.22 Answer to application. (a) Within 30 days after service of an...

22 CFR 134.22 - Answer to application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Answer to application. 134.22 Section 134.22 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE MISCELLANEOUS EQUAL ACCESS TO JUSTICE ACT; IMPLEMENTATION Procedures for Considering Applications § 134.22 Answer to application. (a) Within 30 days after service of an...

22 CFR 134.22 - Answer to application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Answer to application. 134.22 Section 134.22 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE MISCELLANEOUS EQUAL ACCESS TO JUSTICE ACT; IMPLEMENTATION Procedures for Considering Applications § 134.22 Answer to application. (a) Within 30 days after service of an...

22 CFR 134.22 - Answer to application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Answer to application. 134.22 Section 134.22 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE MISCELLANEOUS EQUAL ACCESS TO JUSTICE ACT; IMPLEMENTATION Procedures for Considering Applications § 134.22 Answer to application. (a) Within 30 days after service of an...

29 CFR 2570.134 - Consequences of default.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Consequences of default. 2570.134 Section 2570.134 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... ERISA Section 502(c)(7) § 2570.134 Consequences of default. For 502(c)(7) civil penalty proceedings...

21 CFR 211.134 - Drug product inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 4 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Drug product inspection. 211.134 Section 211.134 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) DRUGS... § 211.134 Drug product inspection. (a) Packaged and labeled products shall be examined during finishing...

21 CFR 211.134 - Drug product inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Drug product inspection. 211.134 Section 211.134 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) DRUGS... § 211.134 Drug product inspection. (a) Packaged and labeled products shall be examined during finishing...

21 CFR 211.134 - Drug product inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Drug product inspection. 211.134 Section 211.134 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) DRUGS... § 211.134 Drug product inspection. (a) Packaged and labeled products shall be examined during finishing...

21 CFR 211.134 - Drug product inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Drug product inspection. 211.134 Section 211.134 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) DRUGS... § 211.134 Drug product inspection. (a) Packaged and labeled products shall be examined during finishing...

13 CFR 134.409 - Decision on appeal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Decision on appeal. 134.409 Section 134.409 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING... § 134.409 Decision on appeal. (a) A decision of the Administrative Law Judge under this subpart is the...

19 CFR 134.14 - Articles usually combined.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Articles usually combined. 134.14 Section 134.14... TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Articles Subject to Marking § 134.14 Articles usually combined. (a) Articles combined before delivery to purchaser. When an imported article is of a kind which is usually...

19 CFR 134.14 - Articles usually combined.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Articles usually combined. 134.14 Section 134.14... TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Articles Subject to Marking § 134.14 Articles usually combined. (a) Articles combined before delivery to purchaser. When an imported article is of a kind which is usually...

19 CFR 134.14 - Articles usually combined.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Articles usually combined. 134.14 Section 134.14... TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Articles Subject to Marking § 134.14 Articles usually combined. (a) Articles combined before delivery to purchaser. When an imported article is of a kind which is usually...

19 CFR 134.14 - Articles usually combined.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Articles usually combined. 134.14 Section 134.14... TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Articles Subject to Marking § 134.14 Articles usually combined. (a) Articles combined before delivery to purchaser. When an imported article is of a kind which is usually...

19 CFR 134.14 - Articles usually combined.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Articles usually combined. 134.14 Section 134.14... TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Articles Subject to Marking § 134.14 Articles usually combined. (a) Articles combined before delivery to purchaser. When an imported article is of a kind which is usually...

12 CFR 13.4 - Recommendations to customers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Recommendations to customers. 13.4 Section 13.4... PRACTICES § 13.4 Recommendations to customers. In recommending to a customer the purchase, sale or exchange... reasonable grounds for believing that the recommendation is suitable for the customer upon the basis of the...

12 CFR 13.4 - Recommendations to customers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Recommendations to customers. 13.4 Section 13.4... PRACTICES § 13.4 Recommendations to customers. In recommending to a customer the purchase, sale or exchange... reasonable grounds for believing that the recommendation is suitable for the customer upon the basis of the...

43 CFR 13.4 - Terms of permit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Terms of permit. 13.4 Section 13.4 Public Lands: Interior Office of the Secretary of the Interior VENDING FACILITIES OPERATED BY BLIND PERSONS § 13.4 Terms of permit. Every permit shall describe the location of the vending facilities and shall be...

43 CFR 13.4 - Terms of permit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2012-10-01 2011-10-01 true Terms of permit. 13.4 Section 13.4 Public Lands: Interior Office of the Secretary of the Interior VENDING FACILITIES OPERATED BY BLIND PERSONS § 13.4 Terms of permit. Every permit shall describe the location of the vending facilities and shall be...

43 CFR 13.4 - Terms of permit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Terms of permit. 13.4 Section 13.4 Public Lands: Interior Office of the Secretary of the Interior VENDING FACILITIES OPERATED BY BLIND PERSONS § 13.4 Terms of permit. Every permit shall describe the location of the vending facilities and shall be...

46 CFR 134.150 - Liftboat-jacking systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Liftboat-jacking systems. 134.150 Section 134.150... FOR LIFTBOATS § 134.150 Liftboat-jacking systems. (a) For this subchapter, liftboat jacking systems are vital systems and must comply with Sections 4/1.13.1 through 4/1.13.3 of the ABS's “Rules for...

46 CFR 134.150 - Liftboat-jacking systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Liftboat-jacking systems. 134.150 Section 134.150... FOR LIFTBOATS § 134.150 Liftboat-jacking systems. (a) For this subchapter, liftboat jacking systems are vital systems and must comply with Sections 4/1.13.1 through 4/1.13.3 of the ABS's “Rules for...

29 CFR 784.134 - “Canning.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false âCanning.â 784.134 Section 784.134 Labor Regulations... First Processing, Canning, Or Packing of Marine Products Under Section 13(a)(5) § 784.134 “Canning.” The term “canning” was defined in the legislative history of the 1949 amendments (House (Conference) Report...

The kinetic study of hydrogen bacteria and methanotrophs in pure and defined mixed cultures

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Arora, D.K.

The kinetics of pure and mixed cultures of Alcaligenes eutrophus H 16 and Methylobacterium organophilum CRL 26 under double substrate limited conditions were studied. In pure culture growth kinetics, a non-interactive model was found to fit the experimental data best. The yield of biomass on limiting substrate was found to vary with the dilution rate. The variation in the biomass yield may be attributed to the change in metabolic pathways resulting from a shift in the limiting substrates. Both species exhibited wall growth in the chemostat under dark conditions. However, under illuminated conditions, there was significant reduction in wall growth.more » Poly-{beta}-hydroxybutyric acid was synthesized by both species under ammonia and oxygen limiting conditions. The feed gas mixture was optimized to achieve the steady-state coexistence of these two species in a chemostate for the first time. In mixed cultures, the biomass species assays were differentiated on the basis of their selective growth on particular compounds: Sarcosine and D-arabinose were selected for hydrogen bacteria and methylotrophs, respectively. The kinetics parameters estimated from pure cultures were used to predict the growth kinetics of these species in defined mixed cultures.« less

40 CFR 35.134 - Eligible recipients.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Eligible recipients. 35.134 Section 35.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE... recipients. (a) Eligible agencies. All State agencies (including environmental, health, agriculture, and...

7 CFR 457.134 - Peanut crop insurance provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Peanut crop insurance provisions. 457.134 Section 457.134 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FEDERAL CROP INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COMMON CROP INSURANCE REGULATIONS § 457.134 Peanut crop insurance...

Integrated systems for biopolymers and bioenergy production from organic waste and by-products: a review of microbial processes.

PubMed

Pagliano, Giorgia; Ventorino, Valeria; Panico, Antonio; Pepe, Olimpia

2017-01-01

Recently, issues concerning the sustainable and harmless disposal of organic solid waste have generated interest in microbial biotechnologies aimed at converting waste materials into bioenergy and biomaterials, thus contributing to a reduction in economic dependence on fossil fuels. To valorize biomass, waste materials derived from agriculture, food processing factories, and municipal organic waste can be used to produce biopolymers, such as biohydrogen and biogas, through different microbial processes. In fact, different bacterial strains can synthesize biopolymers to convert waste materials into valuable intracellular (e.g., polyhydroxyalkanoates) and extracellular (e.g., exopolysaccharides) bioproducts, which are useful for biochemical production. In particular, large numbers of bacteria, including Alcaligenes eutrophus , Alcaligenes latus , Azotobacter vinelandii , Azotobacter chroococcum , Azotobacter beijerincki , methylotrophs, Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus spp., Rhizobium spp., Nocardia spp., and recombinant Escherichia coli , have been successfully used to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates on an industrial scale from different types of organic by-products. Therefore, the development of high-performance microbial strains and the use of by-products and waste as substrates could reasonably make the production costs of biodegradable polymers comparable to those required by petrochemical-derived plastics and promote their use. Many studies have reported use of the same organic substrates as alternative energy sources to produce biogas and biohydrogen through anaerobic digestion as well as dark and photofermentation processes under anaerobic conditions. Therefore, concurrently obtaining bioenergy and biopolymers at a reasonable cost through an integrated system is becoming feasible using by-products and waste as organic carbon sources. An overview of the suitable substrates and microbial strains used in low-cost polyhydroxyalkanoates for biohydrogen and biogas

7 CFR 1221.134 - Personal liability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Personal liability. 1221.134 Section 1221.134 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... individually or jointly with others, in any way whatsoever, to any person for errors in judgment, mistakes, or...

40 CFR 13.4 - Other remedies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Other remedies. 13.4 Section 13.4... Other remedies. (a) This regulation does not supersede or require omission or duplication of... a procurement contract. (b) The remedies and sanctions available to the Agency under this regulation...

40 CFR 13.4 - Other remedies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Other remedies. 13.4 Section 13.4... Other remedies. (a) This regulation does not supersede or require omission or duplication of... a procurement contract. (b) The remedies and sanctions available to the Agency under this regulation...

7 CFR 58.134 - Sediment content.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Sediment content. 58.134 Section 58.134 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS UNDER THE AGRICULTURAL MARKETING ACT OF 1946 AND THE...

7 CFR 58.134 - Sediment content.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Sediment content. 58.134 Section 58.134 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS UNDER THE AGRICULTURAL MARKETING ACT OF 1946 AND THE...

7 CFR 58.134 - Sediment content.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Sediment content. 58.134 Section 58.134 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS UNDER THE AGRICULTURAL MARKETING ACT OF 1946 AND THE...

25 CFR 134.3 - Period for payments extended.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Period for payments extended. 134.3 Section 134.3 Indians... CHARGES ON INDIAN IRRIGATION PROJECTS § 134.3 Period for payments extended. Furthermore, in recent... to extend the payment of such charges over a longer period of years. ...

25 CFR 134.3 - Period for payments extended.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Period for payments extended. 134.3 Section 134.3 Indians... CHARGES ON INDIAN IRRIGATION PROJECTS § 134.3 Period for payments extended. Furthermore, in recent... to extend the payment of such charges over a longer period of years. ...

25 CFR 134.3 - Period for payments extended.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Period for payments extended. 134.3 Section 134.3 Indians... CHARGES ON INDIAN IRRIGATION PROJECTS § 134.3 Period for payments extended. Furthermore, in recent... to extend the payment of such charges over a longer period of years. ...

25 CFR 134.3 - Period for payments extended.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true Period for payments extended. 134.3 Section 134.3 Indians... CHARGES ON INDIAN IRRIGATION PROJECTS § 134.3 Period for payments extended. Furthermore, in recent... to extend the payment of such charges over a longer period of years. ...

25 CFR 134.3 - Period for payments extended.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Period for payments extended. 134.3 Section 134.3 Indians... CHARGES ON INDIAN IRRIGATION PROJECTS § 134.3 Period for payments extended. Furthermore, in recent... to extend the payment of such charges over a longer period of years. ...

Simultaneous biodegradation of three mononitrophenol isomers by a tailor-made microbial consortium immobilized in sequential batch reactors.

PubMed

Fu, H; Zhang, J-J; Xu, Y; Chao, H-J; Zhou, N-Y

2017-03-01

The ortho-nitrophenol (ONP)-utilizing Alcaligenes sp. strain NyZ215, meta-nitrophenol (MNP)-utilizing Cupriavidus necator JMP134 and para-nitrophenol (PNP)-utilizing Pseudomonas sp. strain WBC-3 were assembled as a consortium to degrade three nitrophenol isomers in sequential batch reactors. Pilot test was conducted in flasks to demonstrate that a mixture of three mononitrophenols at 0·5 mol l -1 each could be mineralized by this microbial consortium within 84 h. Interestingly, neither ONP nor MNP was degraded until PNP was almost consumed by strain WBC-3. By immobilizing this consortium into polyurethane cubes, all three mononitrophenols were continuously degraded in lab-scale sequential reactors for six batch cycles over 18 days. Total concentrations of ONP, MMP and PNP that were degraded were 2·8, 1·5 and 2·3 mol l -1 during this time course respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that each member in the microbial consortium was relatively stable during the entire degradation process. This study provides a novel approach to treat polluted water, particularly with a mixture of co-existing isomers. Nitroaromatic compounds are readily spread in the environment and pose great potential toxicity concerns. Here, we report the simultaneous degradation of three isomers of mononitrophenol in a single system by employing a consortium of three bacteria, both in flasks and lab-scale sequential batch reactors. The results demonstrate that simultaneous biodegradation of three mononitrophenol isomers can be achieved by a tailor-made microbial consortium immobilized in sequential batch reactors, providing a pilot study for a novel approach for the bioremediation of mixed pollutants, especially isomers present in wastewater. © 2016 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

36 CFR 13.4 - Information collection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Information collection. 13.4... NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM UNITS IN ALASKA Administrative Provisions § 13.4 Information collection. The information collection requirements contained in subparts C and G, and §§ 13.55, 13.440, 13.450, 13.485, and...

36 CFR 13.4 - Information collection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Information collection. 13.4... NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM UNITS IN ALASKA Administrative Provisions § 13.4 Information collection. The information collection requirements contained in subparts C and G, and §§ 13.55, 13.440, 13.450, 13.485, and...

13 CFR 134.212 - Summary decision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Summary decision. 134.212 Section... CASES BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice for Most Cases § 134.212 Summary decision. (a) Grounds. A party may move for summary decision at any time as to all or any portion of the...

STS-134 Tweetup

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-04-28

Heather Paul, a project engineer for Johnson Space Center, talks about space suit technology during the STS-134 Tweetup, Thursday, April 28, 2011, at Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Fla. About 150 NASA Twitter followers attended the event. Photo Credit: (NASA/Paul E. Alers)

Production of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) by Alcaligenes latus from maple sap.

PubMed

Yezza, Abdessalem; Halasz, Annamaria; Levadoux, Wayne; Hawari, Jalal

2007-11-01

Maple sap, an abundant natural product especially in Canada, is rich in sucrose and thus may represent an ideal renewable feedstock for the production of a wide variety of value-added products. In the present study, maple sap or sucrose was employed as a carbon source to Alcaligenes latus for the production of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). In shake flasks, the biomass obtained from both the sap and sucrose were 4.4 +/- 0.5 and 2.9 +/- 0.3 g/L, and the PHB contents were 77.6 +/- 1.5 and 74.1 +/- 2.0%, respectively. Subsequent batch fermentation (10 L sap) resulted in the formation of 4.2 +/- 0.3 g/L biomass and a PHB content of 77.0 +/- 2.6%. The number average molecular weights of the PHB produced by A. latus from maple sap and pure sucrose media were 300 +/- 66 x 10(3) and 313 +/- 104 x 10(3) g/mol, respectively. Near-infrared, (1)H magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and (13)C-MRI spectra of the microbially produced PHB completely matched those obtained with a reference material of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid]. The polymer was found to be optically active with [alpha](25) (D) equaled to -7.87 in chloroform. The melting point (177.0 degrees C) and enthalpy of fusion (77.2 J/g) of the polymer were also in line with those reported, i.e., 177 degrees C and 81 J/g, respectively.

Thermodynamics of ligand binding to histone deacetylase like amidohydrolase from Bordetella/Alcaligenes.

PubMed

Meyners, Christian; Baud, Matthias G J; Fuchter, Matthew J; Meyer-Almes, Franz-Josef

2014-03-01

Thermodynamic studies on ligand-protein binding have become increasingly important in the process of drug design. In combination with structural data and molecular dynamics simulations, thermodynamic studies provide relevant information about the mode of interaction between compounds and their target proteins and therefore build a sound basis for further drug optimization. Using the example of histone deacetylases (HDACs), particularly the histone deacetylase like amidohydrolase (HDAH) from Bordetella/Alcaligenes, a novel sensitive competitive fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based binding assay was developed and the thermodynamics of interaction of both fluorescent ligands and inhibitors to histone deacetylase like amidohydrolase were investigated. The assay consumes only small amounts of valuable target proteins and is suitable for fast kinetic and mechanistic studies as well as high throughput screening applications. Binding affinity increased with increasing length of aliphatic spacers (n = 4-7) between the hydroxamate moiety and the dansyl head group of ligand probes. Van't Hoff plots revealed an optimum in enthalpy contribution to the free energy of binding for the dansyl-ligand with hexyl spacer. The selectivity in the series of dansyl-ligands against human class I HDAC1 but not class II HDACs 4 and 6 increased with the ratio of ΔH(0)/ΔG(0). The data clearly emphasize the importance of thermodynamic signatures as useful general guidance for the optimization of ligands or rational drug design. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

13 CFR 134.102 - Jurisdiction of OHA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... SBA Employee Dispute Resolution Process cases (Employee Disputes) under Standard Operating Procedure... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Jurisdiction of OHA. 134.102 Section 134.102 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING...

13 CFR 134.102 - Jurisdiction of OHA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... SBA Employee Dispute Resolution Process cases (Employee Disputes) under Standard Operating Procedure... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Jurisdiction of OHA. 134.102 Section 134.102 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING...

13 CFR 134.102 - Jurisdiction of OHA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... SBA Employee Dispute Resolution Process cases (Employee Disputes) under Standard Operating Procedure... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Jurisdiction of OHA. 134.102 Section 134.102 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING...

10 CFR 501.134 - Issuance and effect of interpretations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Issuance and effect of interpretations. 501.134 Section 501.134 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (CONTINUED) ALTERNATE FUELS ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SANCTIONS Requests for Interpretation § 501.134 Issuance and effect of interpretations. (a) DOE may issue an...

13 CFR 134.404 - Decision by Administrative Law Judge.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Decision by Administrative Law Judge. 134.404 Section 134.404 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF... 8(a) Program § 134.404 Decision by Administrative Law Judge. Appeal proceedings brought under this...

STS-134 Tweetup

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-04-28

Actor Seth Green, right, takes a quick photo of two NASA Tweeps holding a Golden Orb Spider during the STS-134 Tweetup, Thursday, April 28, 2011, at Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Fla. About 150 NASA Twitter followers attended the event. Photo Credit: (NASA/Paul E. Alers)

21 CFR 211.134 - Drug product inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Drug product inspection. 211.134 Section 211.134 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) DRUGS: GENERAL CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR FINISHED PHARMACEUTICALS Packaging and Labeling Control...

13 CFR 134.102 - Jurisdiction of OHA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Employee Dispute Resolution Process cases (Employee Disputes) under Standard Operating Procedure 37 71 02... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Jurisdiction of OHA. 134.102 Section 134.102 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING...

STA Flying Weather Reconnaissance / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-067 (1 June 2011) --- Astronaut Rick Sturckow flies weather reconnaissance in a Shuttle Training Aircraft over NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida to assess conditions before space shuttle Endeavour returns to Earth for the final time. Weather was observed "go" and Endeavour glided to a stop on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15 at 2:35 a.m. EDT, bringing an end to the STS-134 mission. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

13 CFR 134.209 - Requirement of signature.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Requirement of signature. 134.209 Section 134.209 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING... of signature. Every written submission to OHA, other than evidence, must be signed by the party...

13 CFR 134.702 - Who may appeal?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Who may appeal? 134.702 Section 134.702 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice for Appeals From Women-Owned Small...

13 CFR 134.801 - Scope of rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Dispute Resolution Process (EDRP). Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) 37 71 sets out the EDRP. It is... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Scope of rules. 134.801 Section 134.801 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING...

13 CFR 134.801 - Scope of rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Dispute Resolution Process (EDRP). Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) 37 71 sets out the EDRP. It is... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Scope of rules. 134.801 Section 134.801 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING...

13 CFR 134.801 - Scope of rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Dispute Resolution Process (EDRP). Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) 37 71 sets out the EDRP. It is... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Scope of rules. 134.801 Section 134.801 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING...

13 CFR 134.801 - Scope of rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Dispute Resolution Process (EDRP). Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) 37 71 sets out the EDRP. It is... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Scope of rules. 134.801 Section 134.801 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING...

Munc13-4 reconstitutes calcium-dependent SNARE-mediated membrane fusion

PubMed Central

Boswell, Kristin L.; James, Declan J.; Esquibel, Joseph M.; Bruinsma, Stephen; Shirakawa, Ryutaro; Horiuchi, Hisanori

2012-01-01

Munc13-4 is a widely expressed member of the CAPS/Munc13 protein family proposed to function in priming secretory granules for exocytosis. Munc13-4 contains N- and C-terminal C2 domains (C2A and C2B) predicted to bind Ca2+, but Ca2+-dependent regulation of Munc13-4 activity has not been described. The C2 domains bracket a predicted SNARE-binding domain, but whether Munc13-4 interacts with SNARE proteins is unknown. We report that Munc13-4 bound Ca2+ and restored Ca2+-dependent granule exocytosis to permeable cells (platelets, mast, and neuroendocrine cells) dependent on putative Ca2+-binding residues in C2A and C2B. Munc13-4 exhibited Ca2+-stimulated SNARE interactions dependent on C2A and Ca2+-dependent membrane binding dependent on C2B. In an apparent coupling of membrane and SNARE binding, Munc13-4 stimulated SNARE-dependent liposome fusion dependent on putative Ca2+-binding residues in both C2A and C2B domains. Munc13-4 is the first priming factor shown to promote Ca2+-dependent SNARE complex formation and SNARE-mediated liposome fusion. These properties of Munc13-4 suggest its function as a Ca2+ sensor at rate-limiting priming steps in granule exocytosis. PMID:22508512

Munc13-4 reconstitutes calcium-dependent SNARE-mediated membrane fusion.

PubMed

Boswell, Kristin L; James, Declan J; Esquibel, Joseph M; Bruinsma, Stephen; Shirakawa, Ryutaro; Horiuchi, Hisanori; Martin, Thomas F J

2012-04-16

Munc13-4 is a widely expressed member of the CAPS/Munc13 protein family proposed to function in priming secretory granules for exocytosis. Munc13-4 contains N- and C-terminal C2 domains (C2A and C2B) predicted to bind Ca(2+), but Ca(2+)-dependent regulation of Munc13-4 activity has not been described. The C2 domains bracket a predicted SNARE-binding domain, but whether Munc13-4 interacts with SNARE proteins is unknown. We report that Munc13-4 bound Ca(2+) and restored Ca(2+)-dependent granule exocytosis to permeable cells (platelets, mast, and neuroendocrine cells) dependent on putative Ca(2+)-binding residues in C2A and C2B. Munc13-4 exhibited Ca(2+)-stimulated SNARE interactions dependent on C2A and Ca(2+)-dependent membrane binding dependent on C2B. In an apparent coupling of membrane and SNARE binding, Munc13-4 stimulated SNARE-dependent liposome fusion dependent on putative Ca(2+)-binding residues in both C2A and C2B domains. Munc13-4 is the first priming factor shown to promote Ca(2+)-dependent SNARE complex formation and SNARE-mediated liposome fusion. These properties of Munc13-4 suggest its function as a Ca(2+) sensor at rate-limiting priming steps in granule exocytosis.

9 CFR 381.134 - Requirement of formulas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Requirement of formulas. 381.134 Section 381.134 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION POULTRY PRODUCTS...

13 CFR 134.202 - Commencement of cases.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... proceedings, see § 124.305 of this chapter; (5) For SBA Employee Disputes, see Standard Operating Procedure 37... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Commencement of cases. 134.202 Section 134.202 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING...

27 CFR 22.134 - Records of shipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Records of shipment. 22.134 Section 22.134 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU... § 22.161. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 1512-0334) ...

27 CFR 22.134 - Records of shipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Records of shipment. 22.134 Section 22.134 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU... § 22.161. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 1512-0334) ...

9 CFR 3.134-3.135 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Warmblooded Animals Other Than Dogs, Cats, Rabbits, Hamsters, Guinea Pigs, Nonhuman Primates, and Marine... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false [Reserved] 3.134-3.135 Section 3.134-3.135 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE...

9 CFR 3.134-3.135 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Warmblooded Animals Other Than Dogs, Cats, Rabbits, Hamsters, Guinea Pigs, Nonhuman Primates, and Marine... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false [Reserved] 3.134-3.135 Section 3.134-3.135 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE...

9 CFR 3.134-3.135 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Warmblooded Animals Other Than Dogs, Cats, Rabbits, Hamsters, Guinea Pigs, Nonhuman Primates, and Marine... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false [Reserved] 3.134-3.135 Section 3.134-3.135 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE...

9 CFR 3.134-3.135 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Warmblooded Animals Other Than Dogs, Cats, Rabbits, Hamsters, Guinea Pigs, Nonhuman Primates, and Marine... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false [Reserved] 3.134-3.135 Section 3.134-3.135 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE...

9 CFR 3.134-3.135 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Warmblooded Animals Other Than Dogs, Cats, Rabbits, Hamsters, Guinea Pigs, Nonhuman Primates, and Marine... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false [Reserved] 3.134-3.135 Section 3.134-3.135 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE...

The Microcode for the Control Processor of the ARO (Array Oriented Processor) Array Processor.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-08-01

oiNi .TADDR=DBASE+MODE" 4CONT ŕWAfT’ FOR MEM, MORE", MOV) ,DRO BSX "S IGN EXT, MORE" SADD D FLDSEI,(6,3),IMN TADT)R=5+ 1 JMP I NDE-’XEI) "JU> IP ’ T1...JDTV1: YIP DIVI; TDIV2: Y,’ IP DIV2; JASHII: JMP ASHI; 4 JASH2: JMP AS112; JXOR1: YIP XDRI; JXOR2: YIP XOR2; JSOB: JMP SOB; JBPL: JMP BPL; JBMI: YIP BMI;0...JBHI: JMP BHill JBLOS: J! IP BLOS; JBVC: YIP BVC; JBWS: JMP BVS; JBCC: JMP BCC; JBCS: YIP BCS; JEMT: YIP EMT; JTRAP: YIP TRAPQ; JCLR6: YIP CLR6; JCOII

21 CFR 145.134 - Canned preserved figs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Canned preserved figs. 145.134 Section 145.134 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) FOOD... Canned preserved figs. (a) Canned preserved figs is the food prepared from one of the optional fig...

21 CFR 145.134 - Canned preserved figs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Canned preserved figs. 145.134 Section 145.134 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) FOOD... Canned preserved figs. (a) Canned preserved figs is the food prepared from one of the optional fig...

21 CFR 145.134 - Canned preserved figs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Canned preserved figs. 145.134 Section 145.134 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) FOOD... Canned preserved figs. (a) Canned preserved figs is the food prepared from one of the optional fig...

21 CFR 145.134 - Canned preserved figs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Canned preserved figs. 145.134 Section 145.134 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) FOOD... Canned preserved figs. (a) Canned preserved figs is the food prepared from one of the optional fig...

33 CFR 157.134 - Cargo tank drainage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Cargo tank drainage. 157.134...) POLLUTION RULES FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT RELATING TO TANK VESSELS CARRYING OIL IN BULK Crude Oil Washing (COW) System on Tank Vessels Design, Equipment, and Installation § 157.134 Cargo tank...

33 CFR 157.134 - Cargo tank drainage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Cargo tank drainage. 157.134...) POLLUTION RULES FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT RELATING TO TANK VESSELS CARRYING OIL IN BULK Crude Oil Washing (COW) System on Tank Vessels Design, Equipment, and Installation § 157.134 Cargo tank...

22 CFR 134.30 - Payment of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... will pay the amount awarded to the applicant within 60 days, unless judicial review of the award or of... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Payment of award. 134.30 Section 134.30 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE MISCELLANEOUS EQUAL ACCESS TO JUSTICE ACT; IMPLEMENTATION Procedures for...

Fate of a metal-resistant inoculum in contaminated and pristine soils assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stephen, J.R.; Chang, Y.J.; MacNaughton, S.J.

Cesium, cadmium, cobalt, and strontium are four contaminants frequently found in soils at biotoxic levels. Introduction of certain nongenetically modified bacteria has been frequently suggested as a method for the immobilization of heavy metal contaminants in soil, thereby reducing runoff and bioavailability. In this study, the authors have used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to track the survival of the five bacterial species added to soil microcosms with and without the addition of a mixture of these metals. The PCR primers targeted conserved regions of the 165 rDNA molecular present in all bacteria. Themore » reaction products were shown to reflect the relative abundance of the bacteria both in mixtures of pure cultures and against a background of all the eubacterial species present in the soil following inoculation. Three of the species (Pseudomonas aeruginosa FRD-1, Shewanella putrifaciens 200, and Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough) decreased rapidly following inoculation into both soils. The proportion of Alcaligenes eutrophus CH34 remained at a constant level throughout the 8-week experiment in both soil treatments. Sphingomonas aromaticivorans B0695 showed toxic metal-dependent survival in that its relative abundance dropped rapidly in pristine soil but remained at approximately inoculation levels throughout the experiment in contaminated microcosms.« less

STS-134 MS Chamitoff reads a Procedures Checklist

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-30

S134-E-010904 (30 May 2011) --- NASA astronaut Greg Chamitoff, STS-134 mission specialist, reads a procedures checklist while working on the aft flight deck of space shuttle Endeavour during flight day 15 activities. Photo credit: NASA

High-spin structure of 134Xe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vogt, A.; Birkenbach, B.; Reiter, P.; Blazhev, A.; Siciliano, M.; Valiente-Dobón, J. J.; Wheldon, C.; Bazzacco, D.; Bowry, M.; Bracco, A.; Bruyneel, B.; Chakrawarthy, R. S.; Chapman, R.; Cline, D.; Corradi, L.; Crespi, F. C. L.; Cromaz, M.; de Angelis, G.; Eberth, J.; Fallon, P.; Farnea, E.; Fioretto, E.; Freeman, S. J.; Gadea, A.; Geibel, K.; Gelletly, W.; Gengelbach, A.; Giaz, A.; Görgen, A.; Gottardo, A.; Hayes, A. B.; Hess, H.; Hua, H.; John, P. R.; Jolie, J.; Jungclaus, A.; Korten, W.; Lee, I. Y.; Leoni, S.; Liang, X.; Lunardi, S.; Macchiavelli, A. O.; Menegazzo, R.; Mengoni, D.; Michelagnoli, C.; Mijatović, T.; Montagnoli, G.; Montanari, D.; Napoli, D.; Pearson, C. J.; Pellegri, L.; Podolyák, Zs.; Pollarolo, G.; Pullia, A.; Radeck, F.; Recchia, F.; Regan, P. H.; Şahin, E.; Scarlassara, F.; Sletten, G.; Smith, J. F.; Söderström, P.-A.; Stefanini, A. M.; Steinbach, T.; Stezowski, O.; Szilner, S.; Szpak, B.; Teng, R.; Ur, C.; Vandone, V.; Ward, D.; Warner, D. D.; Wiens, A.; Wu, C. Y.

2016-05-01

Detailed spectroscopic information on the N ˜82 nuclei is necessary to benchmark shell-model calculations in the region. The nuclear structure above long-lived isomers in 134Xe is investigated after multinucleon transfer (MNT) and actinide fission. Xenon-134 was populated as (i) a transfer product in 238U+ 136Xe and 208Pb+ 136Xe MNT reactions and (ii) as a fission product in the 238U+ 136Xe reaction employing the high-resolution Advanced Gamma Tracking Array (AGATA). Trajectory reconstruction has been applied for the complete identification of beamlike transfer products with the magnetic spectrometer PRISMA. The 198Pt 136Xe MNT reaction was studied with the γ -ray spectrometer GAMMASPHERE in combination with the gas detector array Compact Heavy Ion Counter (CHICO). Several high-spin states in 134Xe on top of the two long-lived isomers are discovered based on γ γ -coincidence relationships and information on the γ -ray angular distributions as well as excitation energies from the total kinetic energy loss and fission fragments. The revised level scheme of 134Xe is extended up to an excitation energy of 5.832 MeV with tentative spin-parity assignments up to 16+. Previous assignments of states above the 7- isomer are revised. Latest shell-model calculations employing two different effective interactions reproduce the experimental findings and support the new spin and parity assignments.

Transient Increased Calcium and Calcitriol Requirements After Discontinuation of Human Synthetic Parathyroid Hormone 1-34 (hPTH 1-34) Replacement Therapy in Hypoparathyroidism.

PubMed

Gafni, Rachel I; Guthrie, Lori C; Kelly, Marilyn H; Brillante, Beth A; Christie, C Michele; Reynolds, James C; Yovetich, Nancy A; James, Robert; Collins, Michael T

2015-11-01

Synthetic human PTH 1-34 (hPTH 1-34) replacement therapy in hypoparathyroidism maintains eucalcemia and converts quiescent bone to high-turnover bone. However, the skeletal and metabolic effects of drug discontinuation have not been reported. Nine subjects with hypoparathyroidism received subcutaneous injections of hPTH 1-34 two to three times daily for 19.8 to 61.3 months and then transitioned back to calcium and calcitriol. Biochemistries and bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were assessed at baseline, while on treatment, and at follow-up 3 to 12 months after drug discontinuation. Two subjects developed hypocalcemia when hPTH 1-34 was abruptly discontinued. Thus, to avoid hypocalcemia, subjects were slowly weaned from hPTH 1-34 over several weeks. When hPTH 1-34 was stopped, subjects were requiring two to three times pretreatment doses of calcitriol and calcium to maintain blood calcium levels. Doses were gradually reduced over many weeks until calcium levels were stable on doses similar to baseline. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), N-telopeptide (NTX), and osteocalcin (OC) increased significantly with hPTH 1-34; at follow-up, BSAP and NTX had returned to baseline while OC was still slightly elevated. During treatment, BMD was unchanged at the hip and lateral spine but declined at the anterior-posterior (AP) spine, radius, and total body. During weaning, BMD increased, with the hip and lateral spine exceeding pre-hPTH 1-34 values and the whole body returning to baseline. AP spine was increased non-significantly compared to baseline at follow-up. hPTH 1-34 must be gradually weaned in hypoparathyroid patients with high doses of oral medications given to avoid hypocalcemia. The transient increased requirements accompanied by increased BMD after long-term hPTH 1-34 therapy suggest a reversal of the expanded remodeling space favoring bone formation as the skeleton returns to a low-turnover state, reminiscent of the hungry

45 CFR 96.134 - Maintenance of effort regarding State expenditures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Maintenance of effort regarding State expenditures. 96.134 Section 96.134 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION BLOCK GRANTS Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant § 96.134 Maintenance of effort...

45 CFR 96.134 - Maintenance of effort regarding State expenditures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Maintenance of effort regarding State expenditures. 96.134 Section 96.134 Public Welfare Department of Health and Human Services GENERAL ADMINISTRATION BLOCK GRANTS Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant § 96.134 Maintenance of effort...

45 CFR 96.134 - Maintenance of effort regarding State expenditures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Maintenance of effort regarding State expenditures. 96.134 Section 96.134 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION BLOCK GRANTS Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant § 96.134 Maintenance of effort...

45 CFR 96.134 - Maintenance of effort regarding State expenditures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Maintenance of effort regarding State expenditures. 96.134 Section 96.134 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION BLOCK GRANTS Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant § 96.134 Maintenance of effort...

13 CFR 134.708 - What is the standard of review?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What is the standard of review? 134.708 Section 134.708 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF...-Owned Small Business Concern (WOSB) and Economically Disadvantaged WOSB Concern (EDWOSB) Protests § 134...

41 CFR 105-53.134 - Office of Administration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Office of Administration. 105-53.134 Section 105-53.134 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management... Associate Administrator for Administration, participates in the executive leadership of the agency...

13 CFR 134.508 - What is the standard of review?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What is the standard of review? 134.508 Section 134.508 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF... Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business Concern Protests § 134.508 What is the standard of review...

42 CFR 84.134 - Respirator containers; minimum requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Respirator containers; minimum requirements. 84.134... Respirators § 84.134 Respirator containers; minimum requirements. Supplied-air respirators shall be equipped with a substantial, durable container bearing markings which show the applicant's name, the type and...

134Cs emission probabilities determination by gamma spectrometry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de Almeida, M. C. M.; Poledna, R.; Delgado, J. U.; Silva, R. L.; Araujo, M. T. F.; da Silva, C. J.

2018-03-01

The National Laboratory for Ionizing Radiation Metrology (LNMRI/IRD/CNEN) of Rio de Janeiro performed primary and secondary standardization of different radionuclides reaching satisfactory uncertainties. A solution of 134Cs radionuclide was purchased from commercial supplier to emission probabilities determination of some of its energies. 134Cs is a beta gamma emitter with 754 days of half-life. This radionuclide is used as standard in environmental, water and food control. It is also important to germanium detector calibration. The gamma emission probabilities (Pγ) were determined mainly for some energies of the 134Cs by efficiency curve method and the Pγ absolute uncertainties obtained were below 1% (k=1).

40 CFR 86.134-96 - Running loss test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 19 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Running loss test. 86.134-96 Section... Heavy-Duty Vehicles; Test Procedures § 86.134-96 Running loss test. (a) Overview. Gasoline- and methanol-fueled vehicles are to be tested for running loss emissions during simulated high-temperature urban...

40 CFR 86.134-96 - Running loss test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 18 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Running loss test. 86.134-96 Section... Heavy-Duty Vehicles; Test Procedures § 86.134-96 Running loss test. (a) Overview. Gasoline- and methanol-fueled vehicles are to be tested for running loss emissions during simulated high-temperature urban...

40 CFR 86.134-96 - Running loss test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 18 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Running loss test. 86.134-96 Section... Heavy-Duty Vehicles; Test Procedures § 86.134-96 Running loss test. (a) Overview. Gasoline- and methanol-fueled vehicles are to be tested for running loss emissions during simulated high-temperature urban...

40 CFR 86.134-96 - Running loss test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 19 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Running loss test. 86.134-96 Section... Heavy-Duty Vehicles; Test Procedures § 86.134-96 Running loss test. (a) Overview. Gasoline- and methanol-fueled vehicles are to be tested for running loss emissions during simulated high-temperature urban...

13 CFR 134.206 - The answer or response.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Disputes, see Standard Operating Procedure 37 71 02, available at www.sba.gov/library/soproom.html. (2) The... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false The answer or response. 134.206 Section 134.206 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING...

40 CFR 86.134-96 - Running loss test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... running loss test procedure as approved for a specific vehicle. (4) High-altitude testing. For testing... 40 Protection of Environment 19 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Running loss test. 86.134-96 Section... Heavy-Duty Vehicles; Test Procedures § 86.134-96 Running loss test. (a) Overview. Gasoline- and methanol...

42 CFR 422.134 - Reward and incentive programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Reward and incentive programs. 422.134 Section 422.134 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... monetary cap as determined by CMS of a value that may be expected to impact enrollee behavior but not...

Antimicrobial activity and determination of bioactive components from marine Alcaligenes faecalis extract against a sulfate-reducing bacteria

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

AbdSharad, Ali; Usup, Gires; Sahrani, Fathul Karim; Ahmad, Asmat

2016-11-01

Biogenic souring and microbial-influenced corrosion is a common scenario in petroleum reservoir. The serious threat normally comes from sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Alcaligenes faecalis was tested in this study for the ability to inhibit the growth of SRB. Ethyl acetate extraction of A. faecalis grown in marine broth was carried out to produce crude ethyl acetate of A. faecalis (CEAF). CEAF was diluted at concentrations 0.2-12.8 mg/mL and was tested for anti-microbial activity by microdilution susceptibility tests in 96-wells plate. CEAF was then analyzed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The microdilution susceptibility tests showed that the crude have anti- microbial activities on SRB. CEAF showed immediate killing effect against SRB in liquid medium which suggest the presence of active chemical compounds with antimicrobial activity. The GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 20 different chemical compounds in CEAF, The major components in CEAF can be related to antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, pesticide, metabolism, toxicity, anticancer and corrosion inhibition activities. In conclusion, crude ethyl acetate extract of A. faecalis has the ability to inhibit SRB growth.

40 CFR 81.134 - Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 18 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region. 81.134 Section 81.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED... Quality Control Regions § 81.134 Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region. The Austin-Waco...

40 CFR 81.134 - Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 17 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region. 81.134 Section 81.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED... Quality Control Regions § 81.134 Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region. The Austin-Waco...

40 CFR 81.134 - Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 18 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region. 81.134 Section 81.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED... Quality Control Regions § 81.134 Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region. The Austin-Waco...

40 CFR 81.134 - Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 18 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region. 81.134 Section 81.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED... Quality Control Regions § 81.134 Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region. The Austin-Waco...

40 CFR 81.134 - Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 17 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region. 81.134 Section 81.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED... Quality Control Regions § 81.134 Austin-Waco Intrastate Air Quality Control Region. The Austin-Waco...

Wheat Bran Enhances the Cytotoxicity of Immobilized Alcaligenes aquatilis F8 against Microcystis aeruginosa

PubMed Central

Sun, Pengfei; Lin, Hui; Wang, Guan; Zhang, Ximing; Zhang, Qichun; Zhao, Yuhua

2015-01-01

Algicidal bacteria offer a promising option for killing cyanobacteria. Therefore, a new Alcaligenes aquatilis strain F8 was isolated to control Microcystis aeruginosa in this study. The algicidal activity of strain F8 was dependent on the cell density of M. aeruginosa, and the maximal algicidal rate of the free bacterium reached 88.45% within 72 h. With a view to its application to the control of M. aeruginosa in the natural environment, strain F8 was immobilized in sodium alginate beads, but immobilization of the strain decreased its algicidal rate compared to that of the free bacterium. However, addition of wheat bran to the sodium alginate matrix used to immobilize strain F8 not only eliminated the adverse effects of immobilization on the bacteria but also resulted in an 8.83% higher algicidal rate of the immobilized than free bacteria. Exclusion and recovery methods were used to identify key ingredients of wheat bran and gain insight into the mechanism underlying the observed enhancement of algicidal activity. This analysis indicated that certain factors in wheat bran, including vitamins B1, B2, B9, and E were responsible for promoting bacterial growth and thereby improving the algicidal rate of immobilized strain F8. Our findings indicate that wheat bran is able to improve the algicidal efficiency of A. aquatilis strain F8 for killing M. aeruginosa and is a good source of not only carbon and nitrogen but also vitamins for bacteria. PMID:26295573

40 CFR 417.134 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2011-07-01 2009-07-01 true Pretreatment standards for existing sources. 417.134 Section 417.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS SOAP AND DETERGENT MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Chlorosulfonic...

40 CFR 417.134 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Pretreatment standards for existing sources. 417.134 Section 417.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS SOAP AND DETERGENT MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Chlorosulfonic...

40 CFR 417.134 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Pretreatment standards for existing sources. 417.134 Section 417.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS SOAP AND DETERGENT MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Chlorosulfonic...

40 CFR 417.134 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2014-07-01 2012-07-01 true Pretreatment standards for existing sources. 417.134 Section 417.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS SOAP AND DETERGENT MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Chlorosulfonic...

40 CFR 417.134 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true Pretreatment standards for existing sources. 417.134 Section 417.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS SOAP AND DETERGENT MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Chlorosulfonic...

13 CFR 134.712 - What are the limitations on new evidence?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What are the limitations on new evidence? 134.712 Section 134.712 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF...-Owned Small Business Concern (WOSB) and Economically Disadvantaged WOSB Concern (EDWOSB) Protests § 134...

Model-Based Nutrient Feeding Strategies for the Increased Production of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) by Alcaligenes latus.

PubMed

Gahlawat, Geeta; Srivastava, Ashok K

2017-10-01

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable polymers which are considered as an effective alternative for conventional plastics due to their mechanical properties similar to the latter. However, the widespread use of these polymers is still hampered due to their higher cost of production as compared to plastics. The production cost could be overcome by obtaining high yields and productivity. The goal of the present research was to enhance the yield of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) with the help of two simple fed-batch cultivation strategies. In the present study, average batch kinetic and substrate limitation/inhibition study data of Alcaligenes latus was used for the development of PHB model which was then adopted for designing various off-line nutrient feeding strategies to enhance PHB accumulation. The predictive ability of the model was validated by experimental implementation of two fed-batch strategies. One such dynamic strategy of fed-batch cultivation under pseudo-steady state with respect to nitrogen and simultaneous carbon feeding strategy resulted in significantly high biomass and PHB concentration of 39.17 g/L and 29.64 g/L, respectively. This feeding strategy demonstrated a high PHB productivity and PHB content of 0.6 g/L h and 75%, respectively, which were remarkably high in comparison to batch cultivation. The mathematical model can also be employed for designing various other nutrient feeding strategies.

13 CFR 134.512 - What are the limitations on new evidence?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What are the limitations on new evidence? 134.512 Section 134.512 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF... Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business Concern Protests § 134.512 What are the limitations on new...

27 CFR 31.134 - Increase in capital stock of a corporation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... of a corporation. 31.134 Section 31.134 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO... Registration Information Other Changes § 31.134 Increase in capital stock of a corporation. An amended registration is not required by reason of an increase in the capital stock of a corporation so long as a new...

Bacterial Conversion of Hydroxylamino Aromatic Compounds by both Lyase and Mutase Enzymes Involves Intramolecular Transfer of Hydroxyl Groups

PubMed Central

Nadeau, Lloyd J.; He, Zhongqi; Spain, Jim C.

2003-01-01

Hydroxylamino aromatic compounds are converted to either the corresponding aminophenols or protocatechuate during the bacterial degradation of nitroaromatic compounds. The origin of the hydroxyl group of the products could be the substrate itself (intramolecular transfer mechanism) or the solvent water (intermolecular transfer mechanism). The conversion of hydroxylaminobenzene to 2-aminophenol catalyzed by a mutase from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes JS45 proceeds by an intramolecular hydroxyl transfer. The conversions of hydroxylaminobenzene to 2- and 4-aminophenol by a mutase from Ralstonia eutropha JMP134 and to 4-hydroxylaminobenzoate to protocatechuate by a lyase from Comamonas acidovorans NBA-10 and Pseudomonas sp. strain 4NT were proposed, but not experimentally proved, to proceed by the intermolecular transfer mechanism. GC-MS analysis of the reaction products formed in H218O did not indicate any 18O-label incorporation during the conversion of hydroxylaminobenzene to 2- and 4-aminophenols catalyzed by the mutase from R. eutropha JMP134. During the conversion of 4-hydroxylaminobenzoate catalyzed by the hydroxylaminolyase from Pseudomonas sp. strain 4NT, only one of the two hydroxyl groups in the product, protocatechuate, was 18O labeled. The other hydroxyl group in the product must have come from the substrate. The mutase in strain JS45 converted 4-hydroxylaminobenzoate to 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoate, and the lyase in Pseudomonas strain 4NT converted hydroxylaminobenzene to aniline and 2-aminophenol but not to catechol. The results indicate that all three types of enzyme-catalyzed rearrangements of hydroxylamino aromatic compounds proceed via intramolecular transfer of hydroxyl groups. PMID:12732549

STS-134 press conference with Mark Kelly

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-04

JSC2011-E-015242 (4 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronaut Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander, listens to a reporter?s question during a news conference at NASA's Johnson Space Center. The briefing was held to discuss Kelly resuming training as the STS-134 shuttle mission commander. With the exception of some proficiency training, Kelly has been on personal leave since Jan. 8 to care for his wife, congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, who was critically wounded in a Tucson, Ariz. shooting. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

STS-134 press conference with Mark Kelly

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-04

JSC2011-E-015244 (4 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronaut Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander, speaks to reporters during a news conference at NASA's Johnson Space Center. The briefing was held to discuss Kelly resuming training as the STS-134 shuttle mission commander. With the exception of some proficiency training, Kelly has been on personal leave since Jan. 8 to care for his wife, congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, who was critically wounded in a Tucson, Ariz. shooting. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

13 CFR 134.220 - Prohibition against ex parte communications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Prohibition against ex parte communications. 134.220 Section 134.220 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF....220 Prohibition against ex parte communications. No person shall consult or communicate with a Judge...

1,3,4-Thiadiazole-based diamides: Synthesis and complexation properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Łukasik, Natalia; Luboch, Elżbieta; Chojnacki, Jarosław; Wagner-Wysiecka, Ewa

2017-10-01

Aromatic diamides, derivative of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid and isophthalic acid, bearing 1,3,4-thiadiazole residue were prepared with satisfactory yields in conventional procedures and microwave stimulated reactions. X-ray structure of N,N‧-bis(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-2,6-pyridinedicarboxamide (2) DMSO solvate (2·DMSO) was described. Selective zinc(II), lanthanum(III), terbium(III) and L-tyrosine recognition was found for N,N‧-bis(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-2,6-pyridinedicarboxamide in DMSO and its mixture with water. The IDA (Indicator Displacement Assay) system for metal cations sensing was proposed. The binding properties of 2 were compared with newly synthesized N,N‧-bis(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-1,3-benzenedicarboxamide 1.

21 CFR 133.134 - Cream cheese with other foods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Cream cheese with other foods. 133.134 Section 133.134 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS Requirements for Specific Standardized...

21 CFR 133.134 - Cream cheese with other foods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Cream cheese with other foods. 133.134 Section 133.134 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS Requirements for Specific Standardized...

21 CFR 133.134 - Cream cheese with other foods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Cream cheese with other foods. 133.134 Section 133.134 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS Requirements for Specific Standardized...

Greener and rapid access to bio-active heterocycles: one-pot solvent-free synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles

EPA Science Inventory

A novel one-pot solvent free synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles by condensation of acid hydrazide and triethyl orthoalkanates under microwave irradiations is reported. This green protocol was catalyzed efficiently by solid supported Nafion®NR50 and phosphorus p...

STS-134 press conference with Mark Kelly

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-04

JSC2011-E-015243 (4 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronaut Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander, speaks to reporters during a news conference at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Peggy Whitson, Astronaut Office chief, is seated next to Kelly. The briefing was held to discuss Kelly resuming training as the STS-134 shuttle mission commander. With the exception of some proficiency training, Kelly has been on personal leave since Jan. 8 to care for his wife, congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, who was critically wounded in a Tucson, Ariz. shooting. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

19 CFR 134.35 - Articles substantially changed by manufacture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Articles substantially changed by manufacture. 134...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Exceptions to Marking Requirements § 134.35 Articles substantially changed by manufacture. (a) Articles other than goods of a NAFTA country. An article used in the...

19 CFR 134.43 - Methods of marking specific articles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Methods of marking specific articles. 134.43...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Method and Location of Marking Imported Articles § 134.43 Methods of marking specific articles. (a) Marking previously required by certain provisions of the...

19 CFR 134.13 - Imported articles repacked or manipulated.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Imported articles repacked or manipulated. 134.13...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Articles Subject to Marking § 134.13 Imported articles repacked or manipulated. (a) Marking requirement. An article within the provisions of this section shall be...

19 CFR 134.35 - Articles substantially changed by manufacture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Articles substantially changed by manufacture. 134...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Exceptions to Marking Requirements § 134.35 Articles substantially changed by manufacture. (a) Articles other than goods of a NAFTA country. An article used in the...

19 CFR 134.43 - Methods of marking specific articles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Methods of marking specific articles. 134.43...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Method and Location of Marking Imported Articles § 134.43 Methods of marking specific articles. (a) Marking previously required by certain provisions of the...

19 CFR 134.43 - Methods of marking specific articles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Methods of marking specific articles. 134.43...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Method and Location of Marking Imported Articles § 134.43 Methods of marking specific articles. (a) Marking previously required by certain provisions of the...

19 CFR 134.35 - Articles substantially changed by manufacture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Articles substantially changed by manufacture. 134...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Exceptions to Marking Requirements § 134.35 Articles substantially changed by manufacture. (a) Articles other than goods of a NAFTA country. An article used in the...

19 CFR 134.13 - Imported articles repacked or manipulated.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Imported articles repacked or manipulated. 134.13...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Articles Subject to Marking § 134.13 Imported articles repacked or manipulated. (a) Marking requirement. An article within the provisions of this section shall be...

19 CFR 134.13 - Imported articles repacked or manipulated.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Imported articles repacked or manipulated. 134.13...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Articles Subject to Marking § 134.13 Imported articles repacked or manipulated. (a) Marking requirement. An article within the provisions of this section shall be...

13 CFR 134.713 - When is the record closed?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false When is the record closed? 134.713 Section 134.713 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice for Appeals From Women-Owned Small...

21 CFR 133.134 - Cream cheese with other foods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Cream cheese with other foods. 133.134 Section 133...) FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS Requirements for Specific Standardized Cheese and Related Products § 133.134 Cream cheese with other foods. (a) Description. Cream cheese with...

21 CFR 133.134 - Cream cheese with other foods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Cream cheese with other foods. 133.134 Section 133...) FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS Requirements for Specific Standardized Cheese and Related Products § 133.134 Cream cheese with other foods. (a) Description. Cream cheese with...

7 CFR 966.134 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE TOMATOES GROWN IN FLORIDA Rules and Regulations Exemption Procedures § 966.134 Reports. Persons handling tomatoes under exemption certificates... and addresses of the receivers of such tomatoes, the quantity shipped (by grade, size, quality, and...

19 CFR 134.54 - Articles released from Customs custody.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Articles released from Customs custody. 134.54...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Articles Found Not Legally Marked § 134.54 Articles... value of the articles not properly marked or redelivered. (b) Failure to petition for relief. A written...

19 CFR 134.54 - Articles released from Customs custody.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Articles released from Customs custody. 134.54...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Articles Found Not Legally Marked § 134.54 Articles... value of the articles not properly marked or redelivered. (b) Failure to petition for relief. A written...

19 CFR 134.54 - Articles released from Customs custody.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Articles released from Customs custody. 134.54...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Articles Found Not Legally Marked § 134.54 Articles... value of the articles not properly marked or redelivered. (b) Failure to petition for relief. A written...

[Design and activity verification of human parathyroid hormone (1-34) mutant protein].

PubMed

Qiu, Shuang; Jiang, Yue-Shui; Li, Zhi-Qin; Lei, Jian-Yong; Chen, Yun; Jin, Jian

2012-07-01

Through protein-protein BLAST of homologous sequences in different species in NCBI database and preliminary simulating molecular docking and molecular dynamics by computer software discovery studio 3.1, three amino acids R25K26K27 of natural human parathyroid hormone (1-34) with Q25E26L27 were mutated and the biological activity of the mutant peptide was evaluated. Result showed that: root mean superposition deviation RMSD value between PTH (1-34)-(RKK-QEL) and PTH (1-34) peptide main chain was 2.509 3, indicating that the differences between the two main chain structural conformation was relatively small; the interaction energy between PTH (1-34)-(RKK-QEL) and its receptor protein PTH1R had been enhanced by 7.5% compared to nature PTH (1-34), from -554.083 kcal x mol(-1) to -599.253 kcal x mol(-1); the number of hydrogen bonds was increased from 32 to 38; PTH (1-34)-(RKK-QEL) can significantly stimulate the RANKL gene expression (P < 0.01) while inhibiting the OPG gene expression (P < 0.01) in UAMS-32P cells; in the co-culture system of UAMS-32P cells and mouse primary femur bone marrow cells, PTH (1-34)-(RKK-QEL) stimulated the formation of osteoclasts (P < 0.01) and had a higher biological activity than PTH (1-34) standard reagents.

Direct Production of Propene from the Thermolysis of Poly(..beta..-hydroxybutyrate)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mittal, Ashutosh; Pilath, Heidi M.; Johnson, David K.

To transform biomass components into hydrocarbon fuels it is clear that there are two main transformations that need to occur, i.e., deoxygenation and carbon chain extension. The potential routes for decreasing the oxygen content of biomass intermediates include dehydration, hydrodeoxygenation and decarboxylation. One route that is examined here is the conversion of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) to alkenes that would be intermediates to hydrocarbon fuels.Thermal breakdown of PHA proceeds via an intermediate carboxylic acid, which can then be decarboxylated to an alkene. Oligomerization of alkenes by well-known commercial technologies would permit production of a range of hydrocarbon fuels from a carbohydrate derivedmore » intermediate. Moreover, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) can be produced in Cupriavidus necator (formerly known as Ralstonia eutropha) and Alcaligenes eutrophus on a variety of carbon sources including glucose, fructose and glycerol with PHB accumulation reaching 75 percent of dry cell mass. We conducted thermal conversion of PHB and pure crotonic acid (CA), the intermediate carboxylic acid produced by thermal depolymerization of PHB, in a flow-through reactor. The results of initial experiments on the thermal conversion of CA showed that up to 75 mole percent yields of propene could be achieved by optimizing the residence time and temperature of the reactor. Further experiments are being investigated to optimize the reactor parameters and enhance propene yields via thermal conversion of PHB.« less

STS-134 press conference with Mark Kelly

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-04

JSC2011-E-015245 (4 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronaut Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander, describes a blue wristband to reporters during a news conference at NASA's Johnson Space Center. The briefing was held to discuss Kelly resuming training as the STS-134 shuttle mission commander. With the exception of some proficiency training, Kelly has been on personal leave since Jan. 8 to care for his wife, congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, who was critically wounded in a Tucson, Ariz. shooting. The wristband, which has a peace sign, heart and ?Gabby,? was delivered by Giffords? office. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Construction of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole and 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Library with a High Level of Skeletal Diversity Based on Branching Diversity-Oriented Synthesis on Solid-Phase Supports.

PubMed

Ha, Ji-Eun; Yang, Seung-Ju; Gong, Young-Dae

2018-02-12

An efficient solid-phase synthetic route for the construction of 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole libraries based on branching diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) has been developed in this study. The core skeleton resins, 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole, were obtained through desulfurative and dehydrative cyclizations of thiosemicarbazide resin, respectively. Various functional groups have been introduced to the core skeleton resins, such as aryl, amine, amide, urea, thiourea, and an amino acid. Most of the libraries were purified by simple trituration without extraction or column chromatography after cleavage of the products from the solid-supported resin. As a result, we obtained high yields of pure 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives (total numbers = 128). Finally, we confirmed the drug-like properties of our library by calculation of physicochemical properties, displays of the skeletal diversities of the library in 3D-space, and occupation of a broad range of areas by their functional groups.

7 CFR 58.134 - Sediment content for milk in cans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Sediment content for milk in cans. 58.134 Section 58.134 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS...

24 CFR 17.134 - Procedures for salary offset: when deductions may begin.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Procedures for salary offset: when deductions may begin. 17.134 Section 17.134 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department... Government Salary Offset Provisions § 17.134 Procedures for salary offset: when deductions may begin. (a...

Production and characterization of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) generated by Alcaligenes latus using lactose and whey after acid protein precipitation process.

PubMed

Berwig, Karina Hammel; Baldasso, Camila; Dettmer, Aline

2016-10-01

Whey after acid protein precipitation was used as substrate for PHB production in orbital shaker using Alcaligenes latus. Statistical analysis determined the most appropriate hydroxide for pH neutralization of whey after protein precipitation among NH4OH, KOH and NaOH 10%w/v. The results were compared to those of commercial lactose. A scale-up test in a 4L bioreactor was done at 35°C, 750rpm, 7L/min air flow, and 6.5 pH. The PHB was characterized through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. NH4OH provided the best results for productivity (p), 0.11g/L.h, and for polymer yield, (YP/S), 1.08g/g. The bioreactor experiment resulted in lower p and YP/S. PHB showed maximum degradation temperature (291°C), melting temperature (169°C), and chemical properties similar to those of standard PHB. The use of whey as a substrate for PHB production did not affect significantly the final product quality. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

31 CFR 1.34 - Guardianship.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... and Finance: Treasury Office of the Secretary of the Treasury DISCLOSURE OF RECORDS Privacy Act § 1.34 Guardianship. The parent or guardian of a minor or a person judicially determined to be incompetent shall, in addition to establishing the identity of the minor or other person represented, establish parentage or...

31 CFR 1.34 - Guardianship.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... and Finance: Treasury Office of the Secretary of the Treasury DISCLOSURE OF RECORDS Privacy Act § 1.34 Guardianship. The parent or guardian of a minor or a person judicially determined to be incompetent shall, in addition to establishing the identity of the minor or other person represented, establish parentage or...

14 CFR 1260.134 - Equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., Hospitals, and Other Non-Profit Organizations Property Standards § 1260.134 Equipment. (a) For grants and cooperative agreements for the purpose of research, NASA's policy is to vest title to property acquired with... set forth at § 1260.133(b). For grants and cooperative agreements for non-research purposes, and in...

13 CFR 134.407 - Evidence beyond the record and discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Evidence beyond the record and discovery. 134.407 Section 134.407 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF..., the Administrative Law Judge may not admit evidence beyond the written administrative record nor...

STS_134_patch_OL

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-03-09

STS134-S-001 (March 2010) --- The design of the STS-134 crew patch highlights research on the International Space Station (ISS) focusing on the fundamental physics of the universe. On this mission, the crew of the space shuttle Endeavour will install the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) experiment - a cosmic particle detector. By studying subatomic particles in the background cosmic radiation and searching for antimatter, dark-matter, and dark energy, it will help scientists better understand the evolution and properties of our universe. The shape of the patch is inspired by the international atomic symbol, and represents the atom with orbiting electrons around the nucleus. The burst near the center refers to the origin of the universe. The space shuttle Endeavour and ISS fly together into the sunrise over the limb of the Earth, representing the dawn of a new age?understanding the nature of the universe. The NASA insignia design for space shuttle flights is reserved for use by the astronauts and for other official use as the NASA Administrator may authorize. Public availability has been approved only in the forms of illustrations by the various news media. When and if there is any change in this policy, which is not anticipated, the change will be publicly announced. Photo credit: NASA

HFC-134a Emissions in China: An Inventory for 1995-2030

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Su, Shenshen; Fang, Xuekun; Wu, Jing; Li, Li; Hu, Jianxin; Han, Jiarui

2014-05-01

HFC-134a is the most important substitute of CFC-12 used in the mobile air-conditioner in China since 1995. The bottom-up method was used to estimate HFC-134a emissions in China, from 1995 to 2030, basing on updated automobile industry data and latest emission characters. From 1995, total HFC-134a emission has kept a high growth rate of nearly 60% per year, and reached 16,414.3 Mg (11,959.4-20,834.5 Mg) in 2010, which was equivalent to 23.5 Mt CO2-eq emissions. Furthermore, the emissions in China accounted for nearly half of total emissions of Non-AnnexI countries in 2008. As for provincial emissions in 2010, provinces with emission greater than 1,000 Mg are Guangdong, Shandong, Jiangsu and Beijing. Quantitative relationship between provincial HFC-134a emissions and GRP of the Tertiary Industry was used to estimate HFC-134a emissions at county level, and Hangzhou municipal district held the maximum emission intensity (4,605 Mg/10,000 km2). For HFC-134a, emissions calculated from the observations within 46 cities through Euler box model are in good agreement with the corresponding emissions estimated from the bottom-up method, verifying that the emission inventory at county level adequately describes the emission spatial pattern. For the future emissions of HFC-134a, projected emissions will reach 89,370.4 Mg (65,959.7- 114,068.2 Mg) in 2030 under the Business-as-usual (BAU) Scenario, but under the Alternative Scenario, a emission reduction potential of 88.6% of the projected BAU emissions would be obtained.

32 CFR 13.4 - Duties and responsibilities of the defense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Duties and responsibilities of the defense. 13.4 Section 13.4 National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE MILITARY... be directed by the Appointing Authority or the General Counsel of the Department of Defense. ...

32 CFR 13.4 - Duties and responsibilities of the defense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Duties and responsibilities of the defense. 13.4 Section 13.4 National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE MILITARY... be directed by the Appointing Authority or the General Counsel of the Department of Defense. ...

32 CFR 13.4 - Duties and responsibilities of the defense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Duties and responsibilities of the defense. 13.4 Section 13.4 National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE MILITARY... be directed by the Appointing Authority or the General Counsel of the Department of Defense. ...

28 CFR 13.4 - Procedures: Responsibilities of the Attorney General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Procedures: Responsibilities of the Attorney General. 13.4 Section 13.4 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE ATOMIC WEAPONS AND.... When a submission is made to the Department of Justice for a reward under the Atomic Weapons and...

28 CFR 13.4 - Procedures: Responsibilities of the Attorney General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Procedures: Responsibilities of the Attorney General. 13.4 Section 13.4 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE ATOMIC WEAPONS AND.... When a submission is made to the Department of Justice for a reward under the Atomic Weapons and...

28 CFR 13.4 - Procedures: Responsibilities of the Attorney General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Procedures: Responsibilities of the Attorney General. 13.4 Section 13.4 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE ATOMIC WEAPONS AND.... When a submission is made to the Department of Justice for a reward under the Atomic Weapons and...

28 CFR 13.4 - Procedures: Responsibilities of the Attorney General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Procedures: Responsibilities of the Attorney General. 13.4 Section 13.4 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE ATOMIC WEAPONS AND.... When a submission is made to the Department of Justice for a reward under the Atomic Weapons and...

28 CFR 13.4 - Procedures: Responsibilities of the Attorney General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Procedures: Responsibilities of the Attorney General. 13.4 Section 13.4 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE ATOMIC WEAPONS AND.... When a submission is made to the Department of Justice for a reward under the Atomic Weapons and...

27 CFR 17.134 - Determination of unfitness for beverage purposes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Determination of unfitness for beverage purposes. 17.134 Section 17.134 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND... an alcoholic concentration of 15% and tasted. Sale or use for beverage purposes is indicative of...

STS-134 Tweetup

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-04-29

NASA Twitter followers, who particiapted in the STS-134 Tweetup are seen together by the launch clock, Friday, April 29, 2011, at Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Fla. About 150 NASA Twitter followers attended the event. Later the group will watch the launch of Endeavour as it heads to the International Space Station on a 14-day mission to deliver the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) and spare parts including two S-band communications antennas, a high-pressure gas tank and additional spare parts for Dextre. Liftoff is targeted for 3:47 pm. Photo Credit: (NASA/Paul E. Alers)

View of STS-134 Crew Members working on the Middeck

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-17

S134-E-006520 (17 May 2011) --- Astronauts Andrew Feustel (foreground) and Michael Fincke, both STS-134 mission specialists, work to keep order with the large inventory of supplies and equipment on Endeavour's middeck and airlock on the eve of docking day with the International Space Station. Photo credit: NASA.

13 CFR 134.715 - Can a Judge reconsider his decision?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Can a Judge reconsider his decision? 134.715 Section 134.715 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF....715 Can a Judge reconsider his decision? (a) The Judge may reconsider an appeal decision within 20...

STS-134 press conference with Mark Kelly

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-04

JSC2011-E-015241 (4 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronaut Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander, listens to a reporter?s question during a news conference at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Seated next to Kelly are (left to right) Nicole Cloutier-Lemasters, public affairs officer; Brent Jett, Flight Crew Operations Directorate chief and Peggy Whitson, Astronaut Office chief. The briefing was held to discuss Kelly resuming training as the STS-134 shuttle mission commander. With the exception of some proficiency training, Kelly has been on personal leave since Jan. 8 to care for his wife, congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, who was critically wounded in a Tucson, Ariz. shooting. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

13 CFR 134.218 - Judges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice § 134.218 Judges. (a) Assignment. The AA/OHA will assign... Judge. The AA/OHA will assign all other cases before OHA to either an Administrative Law Judge or an Administrative Judge, or, if the AA/OHA is a duly licensed attorney, to himself or herself. (b) Authority. Except...

13 CFR 134.218 - Judges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice § 134.218 Judges. (a) Assignment. The AA/OHA will assign... Judge. The AA/OHA will assign all other cases before OHA to either an Administrative Law Judge or an Administrative Judge, or, if the AA/OHA is a duly licensed attorney, to himself or herself. (b) Authority. Except...

13 CFR 134.218 - Judges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice § 134.218 Judges. (a) Assignment. The AA/OHA will assign... Judge. The AA/OHA will assign all other cases before OHA to either an Administrative Law Judge or an Administrative Judge, or, if the AA/OHA is a duly licensed attorney, to himself or herself. (b) Authority. Except...

13 CFR 134.218 - Judges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice § 134.218 Judges. (a) Assignment. The AA/OHA will assign... Judge. The AA/OHA will assign all other cases before OHA to either an Administrative Law Judge or an Administrative Judge, or, if the AA/OHA is a duly licensed attorney, to himself or herself. (b) Authority. Except...

13 CFR 134.218 - Judges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice for Most Cases § 134.218 Judges. (a) Assignment. The AA... Administrative Law Judge. The AA/OHA will assign all other cases before OHA to either an Administrative Law Judge or an Administrative Judge, or, if the AA/OHA is a duly licensed attorney, to himself or herself. (b...

Biosorption characteristic of Alcaligenes sp. BAPb.1 for removal of lead(II) from aqueous solution.

PubMed

Jin, Yu; Yu, Sumei; Teng, Chunying; Song, Tao; Dong, Liying; Liang, Jinsong; Bai, Xin; Xu, Xiuhong; Qu, Juanjuan

2017-06-01

In this study, strain BAPb.1 was isolated from lead mining area and used as an adsorbent to remove lead(II) ions from aqueous solution. The physicochemical characteristics, heavy metal resistance and antibiotic sensitivity of strain BAPb.1 were investigated. Biosorption capacity was evaluated by batch biosorption experiments, and isothermal characteristics were discussed. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) were conducted to explore the mechanism for lead(II) adsorption. Based on morphological and physiological characteristics as well as the phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences, strain BAPb.1 was identified as a member of the genus Alcaligenes. It exhibited high resistances to multiple heavy metals such as lead(II), copper(II), zinc(II), nickel(II) and chromium(VI), and to antibiotics such as kanamycin, ampicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. The optimum conditions for maximum biosorption rate of 85.2% and maximum capacity of 56.8 mg g -1 were found at pH of 5, adsorbent dosage of 1.5 g L -1 (dry weight), initial lead(II) concentration of 100 mg L -1 , and contact time of 30 min at 30 °C. Biosorption isotherms were well fitted with Langmuir isotherm model. Mechanism analysis reveals that the lead(II) ions may exchange with sodium and potassium ions, and the hydroxyl, carbonyl and phosphate groups on the cell surface can chelate the lead(II) ions, therefore, surface adsorption play significant role in the biosorption process.

Inhibition of Serratia marcescens Smj-11 biofilm formation by Alcaligenes faecalis STN17 crude extract

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lutfi, Zainal; Usup, Gires; Ahmad, Asmat

2014-09-01

Serratia marcescens biofilms are formed when they are bound to surfaces in aqueous environments. S. marcescens utilizes N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) as its quorum sensing signal molecule. The accumulation of AHL indicates the bacteria to produce matrices to form biofilms. Prodigiosin (2-methyl-3-pentyl-6-methoxyprodigiosin), which causes red pigmentation in the colonies, are also produced when the AHL reaches a certain threshold. The Alcaligenes faecalis STN17 crude extract is believed to inhibit quorum sensing in the S. marcescens Smj-11 and, thus, impedes its biofilm formation ability. A. faecalis STN17 was grown in marine broth, and ethyl acetate extraction was carried out. The crude compound of A. faecalis STN17 was diluted at high concentration (0.2-6.4 mg/mL) and was taken to confirm anti-biofilm activity through the crystal violet method in 96-wells plate. Then, the crude extract underwent purification using simple solvents partitioning test to discern the respective compounds that had the anti-biofilm activity under the crystal violet method. The crystal violet test showed that the crude did have anti-biofilm activity on S. marcescens Smj-11, but did not kill the cells. This finding signifies that the suppression of biofilm formation in S. marcescens by A. faecalis STN17 has a strong correlation. The partitioning test showed that A. faecalis STN17 crude extract has several compounds and only the compound(s) in chloroform showed activities. In conclusion, the crude extract of A. faecalis STN17 has the ability to inhibit S. marcescens Smj-11 biofilm formation.

Poly(1,3,4-oxadiazoles) via aromatic nucleophilic displacement

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Connell, John W. (Inventor); Hergenrother, Paul M. (Inventor); Wolf, Peter (Inventor)

1992-01-01

Poly(1,3,4-oxadiazoles) (POX) are prepared by the aromatic nucleophilic displacement reaction of di(hydroxyphenyl) 1,3,4-oxadiazole monomers with activated aromatic dihalides or activated aromatic dinitro compounds. The polymerizations are carried out in polar aprotic solvents such as sulfolane or diphenylsulfone using alkali metal bases such as potassium carbonate at elevated temperatures under nitrogen. The di(hydroxyphenyl) 1,3,4-oxadiazole monomers are synthesized by reacting 4-hydroxybenzoic hydrazide with phenyl 4-hydrobenzoate in the melt and also by reacting aromatic dihydrazides with two moles of phenyl 4-hydroxybenzoate in the melt. This synthetic route has provided high molecular weight POX of new chemical structure, is economically and synthetically more favorable than other routes, and allows for facile chemical structure variation due to the large variety of activated aromatic dihalides which are available.

View of STS-134 MS Vittori secured inside his Sleeping Bag

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-16

S134-E-006404 (16 May 2011) --- European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, STS-134 mission specialist, rests in his sleeping bag, which is attached to the lockers on the middeck of the space shuttle Endeavour. Photo credit: NASA

Effect of Oils on Kinematic Viscosity of R134a

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sato, Tomoaki; Takaishi, Yoshinori; Oguchi, Kosei

The kinematic viscosity defined as a ratio of viscosity to density is one of the key properties in producing technically important dimensionless numbers such as Prandtl and Reynolds numbers. We measured both viscosity and density of R134a/POE and R134a/PAG mixtures at saturation in the range of relatively low oilconcentrations. The density measurements for oil-concentrations up to 50 mass% were conducted with a densimeter making use of glass buoys within overall uncertainty of ±1.0%, and the viscosity measurements for oil-concentrations up to 16 mass% were carried out with an oscillating-cup viscometer making use of polarizer with overall uncertainty less than ±3.5%. The kinematic viscosities obtained from the experimental viscosity and density data are presented for both R134a/POE and R134a/PAG mixtures in the range of temperatures from 278 K to 288 K for oil-concentrations up to 15 mass%. The oil-concentration dependence of the kinematic viscosity for both mixtures is also reported.

15 CFR 923.134 - Public participation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM REGULATIONS Review of Performance § 923.134 Public participation. (a) As required by section 312(b) of the Act, in evaluating a coastal State's performance, the...

15 CFR 923.134 - Public participation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM REGULATIONS Review of Performance § 923.134 Public participation. (a) As required by section 312(b) of the Act, in evaluating a coastal State's performance, the...

15 CFR 922.134 - Notification and review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... MANAGEMENT NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary § 922.134... State of California under section 13377 of the California Water Code; and (ii) Waste Discharge...

15 CFR 922.134 - Notification and review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... MANAGEMENT NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary § 922.134... State of California under section 13377 of the California Water Code; and (ii) Waste Discharge...

40 CFR 49.134 - Rule for forestry and silvicultural burning permits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... burning permits. 49.134 Section 49.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GRANTS... Rule for forestry and silvicultural burning permits. (a) What is the purpose of this section? This section establishes a permitting program for forestry and silvicultural burning within the Indian...

40 CFR 49.134 - Rule for forestry and silvicultural burning permits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... burning permits. 49.134 Section 49.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GRANTS... Rule for forestry and silvicultural burning permits. (a) What is the purpose of this section? This section establishes a permitting program for forestry and silvicultural burning within the Indian...

40 CFR 49.134 - Rule for forestry and silvicultural burning permits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... burning permits. 49.134 Section 49.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GRANTS... Rule for forestry and silvicultural burning permits. (a) What is the purpose of this section? This section establishes a permitting program for forestry and silvicultural burning within the Indian...

40 CFR 49.134 - Rule for forestry and silvicultural burning permits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... burning permits. 49.134 Section 49.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GRANTS... Rule for forestry and silvicultural burning permits. (a) What is the purpose of this section? This section establishes a permitting program for forestry and silvicultural burning within the Indian...

Preservation of renal blood flow by the antioxidant EUK-134 in LPS-treated pigs.

PubMed

Magder, Sheldon; Parthenis, Dimitrios G; Ghouleh, Imad Al

2015-03-25

Sepsis is associated with an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), however, the precise role of ROS in the septic process remains unknown. We hypothesized that treatment with EUK-134 (manganese-3-methoxy N,N'-bis(salicyclidene)ethylene-diamine chloride), a compound with superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, attenuates the vascular manifestations of sepsis in vivo. Pigs were instrumented to measure cardiac output and blood flow in renal, superior mesenteric and femoral arteries, and portal vein. Animals were treated with saline (control), lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 10 µg·kg-1·h-1), EUK-134, or EUK-134 plus LPS. Results show that an LPS-induced increase in pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) as well as a trend towards lower blood pressure (BP) were both attenuated by EUK-134. Renal blood flow decreased with LPS whereas superior mesenteric, portal and femoral flows did not change. Importantly, EUK-134 decreased the LPS-induced fall in renal blood flow and this was associated with a corresponding decrease in LPS-induced protein nitrotyrosinylation in the kidney. PO2, pH, base excess and systemic vascular resistance fell with LPS and were unaltered by EUK-134. EUK-134 also had no effect on LPS-associated increase in CO. Interestingly, EUK-134 alone resulted in higher CO, BP, PAP, mean circulatory filling pressure, and portal flow than controls. Taken together, these data support a protective role for EUK-134 in the renal circulation in sepsis.

50 CFR 86.134 - What if I am already carrying out a plan?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false What if I am already carrying out a plan? 86.134 Section 86.134 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... INFRASTRUCTURE GRANT (BIG) PROGRAM How States Will Complete the State Program Plans § 86.134 What if I am already...

19 CFR 134.23 - Containers or holders designed for or capable of reuse.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Containers or holders designed for or capable of reuse. 134.23 Section 134.23 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Marking of Containers or Holders § 134.23 Containers or holders designed for or...

40 CFR 49.134 - Rule for forestry and silvicultural burning permits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... burning permits. 49.134 Section 49.134 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GRANTS... and silvicultural burning permits. (a) What is the purpose of this section? This section establishes a permitting program for forestry and silvicultural burning within the Indian reservation to control emissions...

31 CFR 363.134 - What regulations cover a certificate of indebtedness?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What regulations cover a certificate of indebtedness? 363.134 Section 363.134 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FISCAL SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY BUREAU OF THE PUBLIC DEBT...

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-03

STS134-S-111 (1 June 2011) --- Space shuttle Endeavour approaches Runway 15 on the Shuttle Landing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time marking the 24th night landing of NASA's Space Shuttle Program. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-072 (1 June 2011) --- Xenon lights illuminate space shuttle Endeavour's unfurled drag chute as the vehicle rolls to a stop on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-084 (1 June 2011) --- Space shuttle Endeavour approaches Runway 15 on the Shuttle Landing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-070 (1 June 2011) --- Xenon lights illuminate space shuttle Endeavour's unfurled drag chute as the vehicle rolls to a stop on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-080 (1 June 2011) --- Space shuttle Endeavour lands on Runway 15 on the Shuttle Landing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-073 (1 June 2011) --- Xenon lights illuminate space shuttle Endeavour's unfurled drag chute as the vehicle rolls to a stop on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-066 (1 June 2011) --- Space shuttle Endeavour approaches Runway 15 on the Shuttle Landing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-068 (1 June 2011) --- Space shuttle Endeavour lands on Runway 15 on the Shuttle Landing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-069 (1 June 2011) --- Xenon lights illuminate space shuttle Endeavour's unfurled drag chute as the vehicle rolls to a stop on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Immunostimulatory activities of a decapeptide derived from Alcaligenes faecalis FY-3 to crucian carp.

PubMed

Wang, G-X; Li, F-Y; Cui, J; Wang, Y; Liu, Y-T; Han, J; Lei, Y

2011-07-01

A strain was isolated from a soil sample collected from Weihe river in Shaanxi province (108°03'E 34°14'N), which was identified as Alcaligenes faecalis by 16S rRNA analysis. A compound M showing potent immune activity was isolated from secondary metabolites of the strain through bioassay-guided isolation techniques. The structure of the compound M was elucidated using FT-IR, EI-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra and identified as cyclo-(L-Pro-Gly)5 which was first time reported as a natural product. We evaluated the immune effects of the cyclo-(L-Pro-Gly)5 on the basis of serum lysozyme activity, bacterial agglutination titre assay, superoxide anion production and phagocytic activity assay, and they were found to be significantly increased by cyclo-(L-Pro-Gly)5. The effects of cyclo-(L-Pro-Gly)5 on immune-related gene expression were further investigated. The outcomes of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) proved that the transcribing level of interleukin 6β (IL-6β) and inducible nitric oxide synthase 1β (iNOS-1β) mRNA in the blood leucocytes have been augmented by cyclo-(L-Pro-Gly)5. The challenge experiment showed that crucian carp injected the cyclo-(L-Pro-Gly)5 had significantly (P < 0.05) lower cumulative mortality (13.0%) compared with the control (45.4%) after infection with live Aeromonas hydrophila. These results suggested that cyclo-(L-Pro-Gly)5 is a possible immunostimulant and may strengthen the immune response and protect the heath status of crucian carp against A. hydrophila. © 2011 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Nitromethane Bridged Bis(1,3,4-oxadiazoles): Trianionic Energetic Salts with Low Sensitivities.

PubMed

Yu, Qiong; Imler, Gregory H; Parrish, Damon A; Shreeve, Jean'ne M

2017-12-14

Trianionic energetic salts based on one nitromethylene and two dinitromethyl anions were designed and synthesized. Interestingly, the unstable dinitromethylene group of diethyl 2,2'-((dinitromethylene)bis(1,3,4-oxadiazole-5,2-diyl))bis(2,2-dinitroacetate) (2) was changed to a mononitromethylene group by an aminolysis reaction to form triammonium ((nitromethanidylene)bis(1,3,4-oxadiazole-5,2-diyl))bis(dinitromethanide) (3), whereas in (dinitrobis(5-(trinitromethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methan) 8 it was hydrolyzed to a carbonyl group resulting in (bis(5-(trinitromethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methanone) 9. All the new compounds were fully characterized by infrared, multinuclear NMR spectra, and elemental analysis. The structures of triammonium ((nitromethanidylene)bis(1,3,4-oxadiazole-5,2-diyl))bis(dinitromethanide) dihydrate (3⋅2 H 2 O) and bis(2-dinitromethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-5-yl)methanone (9) were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Based on their different physical and detonation properties, some of the energetic salts were found to exhibit good energetic performance and low sensitivity. © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

View of STS-134 Commander Kelly on the Flight Deck

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-16

S134-E-005608 (16 May 2011) --- Astronaut Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander, gets down to work soon after Endeavour reaches Earth orbit. Kelly is seated at the commander's station on the shuttle's forward flight deck. Five other veteran crew members are joining the commander on a 16-day mission, much of which will be devoted to work on the International Space Station. Photo credit: NASA

29 CFR 452.134 - Preservation of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... DISCLOSURE ACT OF 1959 Election Procedures; Rights of Members § 452.134 Preservation of records. The... conventions, must be preserved for one year by the officials designated in the constitution and bylaws or by...

10 CFR 60.134 - Design of seals for shafts and boreholes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Design of seals for shafts and boreholes. 60.134 Section....134 Design of seals for shafts and boreholes. (a) General design criterion. Seals for shafts and... closure. (b) Selection of materials and placement methods. Materials and placement methods for seals shall...

13 CFR 134.709 - When will a Judge dismiss an appeal?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false When will a Judge dismiss an appeal? 134.709 Section 134.709 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice for Appeals From Women...

13 CFR 134.706 - What are the service and filing requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What are the service and filing requirements? 134.706 Section 134.706 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice for Appeals From Women...

Inhibition of Serratia marcescens Smj-11 biofilm formation by Alcaligenes faecalis STN17 crude extract

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lutfi, Zainal; Ahmad, Asmat; Usup, Gires

Serratia marcescens biofilms are formed when they are bound to surfaces in aqueous environments. S. marcescens utilizes N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) as its quorum sensing signal molecule. The accumulation of AHL indicates the bacteria to produce matrices to form biofilms. Prodigiosin (2-methyl-3-pentyl-6-methoxyprodigiosin), which causes red pigmentation in the colonies, are also produced when the AHL reaches a certain threshold. The Alcaligenes faecalis STN17 crude extract is believed to inhibit quorum sensing in the S. marcescens Smj-11 and, thus, impedes its biofilm formation ability. A. faecalis STN17 was grown in marine broth, and ethyl acetate extraction was carried out. The crude compoundmore » of A. faecalis STN17 was diluted at high concentration (0.2-6.4 mg/mL) and was taken to confirm anti-biofilm activity through the crystal violet method in 96-wells plate. Then, the crude extract underwent purification using simple solvents partitioning test to discern the respective compounds that had the anti-biofilm activity under the crystal violet method. The crystal violet test showed that the crude did have anti-biofilm activity on S. marcescens Smj-11, but did not kill the cells. This finding signifies that the suppression of biofilm formation in S. marcescens by A. faecalis STN17 has a strong correlation. The partitioning test showed that A. faecalis STN17 crude extract has several compounds and only the compound(s) in chloroform showed activities. In conclusion, the crude extract of A. faecalis STN17 has the ability to inhibit S. marcescens Smj-11 biofilm formation.« less

13 CFR 134.304 - Commencement of appeals from size determinations and NAICS code designations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Commencement of appeals from size determinations and NAICS code designations. 134.304 Section 134.304 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS... Appeals From Size Determinations and NAICS Code Designations § 134.304 Commencement of appeals from size...

Elucidation of the critical epitope of an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody EMab-134.

PubMed

Kaneko, Mika K; Yamada, Shinji; Itai, Shunsuke; Chang, Yao-Wen; Nakamura, Takuro; Yanaka, Miyuki; Kato, Yukinari

2018-07-01

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a type-1 transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase, which activates the downstream signaling cascades in many tumors, such as oral and lung cancers. We previously developed EMab-134, a novel anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody (mAb), which reacts with endogenous EGFR-expressing cancer cell lines and normal cells independent of glycosylation in Western blotting, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemical analysis. EMab-134 showed very high sensitivity (94.7%) to oral squamous cell carcinomas in immunohistochemical analysis. In this study, we performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry, and immunohistochemical analysis to determine the epitope of EMab-134. A blocking peptide (375-394 amino acids of EGFR) neutralized the EMab-134 reaction against oral cancer cells in flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. The minimum epitope of EMab-134 was found to be the 377- RGDSFTHTPP -386 sequence. Our findings can be applied for the production of more functional anti-EGFR mAbs that in turn can be used for antitumor treatments.

A Search for Variable Stars in Ruprecht 134 (Abstract)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

El Hamri, R.; Blake, M.

2018-06-01

(Abstract only) Contact binary stars have been found in many old open clusters. These stars are useful for obtaining the distances to these star clusters and for understanding the stellar populations and evolution of the old clusters. Ruprecht 134 is a relatively neglected, old open cluster with an age of about 1 Gyr. We have obtained observations of Ruprecht 134 using the 1-meter telescope at Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory for the purpose of identifying candidate contact binaries. We present the preliminary results of this search and discuss future observations.

Biblionoticias. Numbers 1-34, 1980-1986.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hartness, Ann, Ed.

1992-01-01

"Biblionoticias" is a series of brief bibliographies, usually less than 5 pages each, on Latin American topics. The bibliographies describe materials in English, Spanish, and Portuguese held by the Benson Latin American Collection of the University of Texas at Austin. Selected topics are periodically updated. The titles of numbers 1-34…

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-077 (1 June 2011) --- Xenon lights help lead space shuttle Endeavour home to NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Endeavour landed for the final time on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15, marking the 24th night landing of NASA's Space Shuttle Program. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-03

STS134-S-112 (1 June 2011) --- Space shuttle Endeavour touches down on Runway 15 on the Shuttle Landing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time marking the 24th night landing of NASA's Space Shuttle Program. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-074 (1 June 2011) --- Space shuttle Endeavour rolls to a stop on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time. Heat from the shuttle's auxiliary power units, which provide hydraulic control, can be seen at the back of Endeavour, near the vertical tail. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-03

STS134-S-113 (1 June 2011) --- Xenon lights help lead space shuttle Endeavour home to NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Endeavour landed for the final time on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15, marking the 24th night landing of NASA's Space Shuttle Program. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-089 (1 June 2011) --- Xenon lights help lead space shuttle Endeavour home to NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Endeavour landed for the final time on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15, marking the 24th night landing of NASA's Space Shuttle Program. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-088 (1 June 2011) --- Space shuttle Endeavour rolls to a stop on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time. Heat from the shuttle's auxiliary power units, which provide hydraulic control, can be seen at the back of Endeavour, near the vertical tail. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-087 (1 June 2011) --- Space shuttle Endeavour rolls to a stop on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time. Heat from the shuttle's auxiliary power units, which provide hydraulic control, can be seen at the back of Endeavour, near the vertical tail. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-03

STS134-S-115 (1 June 2011) --- Xenon lights help lead space shuttle Endeavour home to NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Endeavour landed for the final time on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15, marking the 24th night landing of NASA's Space Shuttle Program. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-085 (1 June 2011) --- Space shuttle Endeavour rolls to a stop on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time. Heat from the shuttle's auxiliary power units, which provide hydraulic control, can be seen at the back of Endeavour, near the vertical tail. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-079 (1 June 2011) --- Xenon lights help lead space shuttle Endeavour home to NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Endeavour landed for the final time on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15, marking the 24th night landing of NASA's Space Shuttle Program. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Final Landing of the Space Shuttle Endeavour / STS-134 Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

STS134-S-086 (1 June 2011) --- Space shuttle Endeavour rolls to a stop on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the final time. Heat from the shuttle's auxiliary power units, which provide hydraulic control, can be seen at the back of Endeavour, near the vertical tail. Main gear touchdown was at 2:34:51 a.m. (EDT) on June 1, 2011, followed by nose gear touchdown at 2:35:04 a.m., and wheelstop at 2:35:36 a.m. Onboard are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander; Greg H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel, Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists. STS-134 delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) and the Express Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) to the International Space Station. AMS will help researchers understand the origin of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter from the station. ELC-3 carried spare parts that will sustain station operations once the shuttles are retired from service. STS-134 was the 25th and final flight for Endeavour, which has spent 299 days in space, orbited Earth 4,671 times and traveled 122,883,151 miles. Photo credit: NASA

Metabolic pathway engineering in cotton: Biosynthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate in fiber cells

PubMed Central

John, Maliyakal E.; Keller, Greg

1996-01-01

Alcaligenes eutrophus genes encoding the enzymes, β-ketothiolase (phaA), acetoacetyl-CoA reductase (phaB), and polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase (phaC) catalyze the production of aliphatic polyester poly-d-(−)-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) from acetyl-CoA. PHB is a thermoplastic polymer that may modify fiber properties when synthesized in cotton. Endogenous β-ketothiolase activity is present in cotton fibers. Hence cotton was transformed with engineered phaB and phaC genes by particle bombardment, and transgenic plants were selected based on marker gene, β-glucuronidase (GUS), expression. Fibers of 10 transgenic plants expressed phaB gene, while eight plants expressed both phaB and phaC genes. Electron microscopy examination of fibers expressing both genes indicated the presence of electron-lucent granules in the cytoplasm. High pressure liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, and mass spectrometry evidence suggested that the new polymer produced in transgenic fibers is PHB. Sixty-six percent of the PHB in fibers is in the molecular mass range of 0.6 × 106 to 1.8 × 106 Da. The presence of PHB granules in transgenic fibers resulted in measurable changes of thermal properties. The fibers exhibited better insulating characteristics. The rate of heat uptake and cooling was slower in transgenic fibers, resulting in higher heat capacity. These data show that metabolic pathway engineering in cotton may enhance fiber properties by incorporating new traits from other genetic sources. This is an important step toward producing new generation fibers for the textile industry. PMID:11038522

[Overexpressed miRNA-134b inhibits proliferation and invasion of CD133+ U87 glioma stem cells].

PubMed

Liu, Yifeng; Zhang, Baochao; Wen, Changming; Wen, Gongling; Zhou, Guoping; Zhang, Jingwei; He, Haifa; Wang, Ning; Li, Wei

2017-05-01

Objective To investigate the role of microRNA-134b (miR-134b) in the tumorigenesis of glioma stem cells (GSCs) and the possible molecular mechanism. Methods Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to evalate the expression of miR-134b in CD133 + and CD133 - U87 GSCs. A lentiviral vector overexpressing miR-134b in U87 GSCs was constructed, and the effect of miR-134b overexpression on matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9 and MMP-12 expressions at both mRNA and protein levels were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Transwell TM assay was performed to determine the effect of miR-134b overexpression on GSCs invasion ability. Tumor xenograft models in nude mice were established to evaluate the effect of miR-134b overexpression on tumorgenesis in vivo. Results The qRT-PCR showed that, compared with CD133 - cells, miR-134b was significantly down-regulated in CD133 + cells. Cell line over-expressing miR-134b was successfully established, and miR-134b was up-regulated significantly compared with empty vector control. Overexpression of miR-134b remarkably inhibited the invasion of U87 GSCs and the expression of MMP-12. However, overexpression of miR-134b did not affect MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions. miR-134b also suppressed U87 GSCs xenograft growth in vivo. Tumor volume in tumor xenograft model group was significantly lower than that in control group, and tumor weight decreased by 42% in the former group. Conclusion Overexpression of miR-134b inhibits the growth and invasion of CD133 + GSCs.

STS-134 crew during food tasting session in JSC Food Lab.

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-05-25

JSC2010-E-087708 (25 May 2010) --- NASA astronaut Gregory H. Johnson (foreground), STS-134 pilot; along with astronauts Greg Chamitoff and Michael Fincke, both STS-134 mission specialists, participate in a food tasting session in the Habitability and Environmental Factors Office at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

HFC-134a emissions from mobile air conditioning in China from 1995 to 2030

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Su, Shenshen; Fang, Xuekun; Li, Li; Wu, Jing; Zhang, Jianbo; Xu, Weiguang; Hu, Jianxin

2015-02-01

Since 1995, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (CH2FCF3, HFC-134a) has become the most important substitute of CFC-12 in mobile air conditioning (MAC) in China and MAC sector has dominated all the emissions of HFC-134a. In this study, we developed an accurate, updated and county-level inventory of the HFC-134a emissions from MAC in China for the period of 1995-2030 with an improved bottom-up method. Our estimation indicated that the total HFC-134a emissions kept growing at increase rates of ∼100% per year for 1995-2000 and ∼34% per year for 2001-2010. In 2010, HFC-134a emissions from MAC in China reached 16.7 Gg (10.5-22.7 Gg at 95% confidential interval), equivalent to 21.7 Tg CO2 (CO2-eq). Furthermore, the emissions in China estimated in this study accounted for 9.8% of global HFC-134a emissions and 29.0% of total emissions from Non-Annex_I countries in 2010. Due to the more advanced social-economic conditions and more intensive ownership of automobiles, greater HFC-134a were observed to come from big cities in East China. Under a Business-as-usual (BAU) Scenario, projected emissions will grow to 89.4 (57.9-123.9) Gg (about 75.3-161.1 Tg CO2-eq) in 2030, but under an Alternative Scenario, 88.6% of the projected emissions under BAU scenario could be curbed. Our estimation demonstrates huge emission mitigation potential of HFC-134a in China's MAC sector.

STS-134 Flight Controllers on Console - Landing

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

JSC2011-E-050134 (1 June 2011) --- An overall view of the space shuttle flight control room in the Mission Control Center at NASA's Johnson Space Center photographed during STS-134/ULF-6 landing day activities. Photo credit: NASA

STS-134 Flight Controllers on Console - Landing

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

JSC2011-E-050159 (1 June 2011) --- An overall view of the space shuttle flight control room in the Mission Control Center at NASA's Johnson Space Center photographed during STS-134/ULF-6 landing day activities. Photo credit: NASA

Dual-Bioaugmentation Strategy To Enhance Remediation of Cocontaminated Soil

PubMed Central

Roane, T. M.; Josephson, K. L.; Pepper, I. L.

2001-01-01

Although metals are thought to inhibit the ability of microorganisms to degrade organic pollutants, several microbial mechanisms of resistance to metal are known to exist. This study examined the potential of cadmium-resistant microorganisms to reduce soluble cadmium levels to enhance degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) under conditions of cocontamination. Four cadmium-resistant soil microorganisms were examined in this study. Resistant up to a cadmium concentration of 275 μg ml−1, these isolates represented the common soil genera Arthrobacter, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas. Isolates Pseudomonas sp. strain H1 and Bacillus sp. strain H9 had a plasmid-dependent intracellular mechanism of cadmium detoxification, reducing soluble cadmium levels by 36%. Isolates Arthrobacter strain D9 and Pseudomonas strain I1a both produced an extracellular polymer layer that bound and reduced soluble cadmium levels by 22 and 11%, respectively. Although none of the cadmium-resistant isolates could degrade 2,4-D, results of dual-bioaugmentation studies conducted with both pure culture and laboratory soil microcosms showed that each of four cadmium-resistant isolates supported the degradation of 500-μg ml−1 2,4-D by the cadmium-sensitive 2,4-D degrader Ralstonia eutropha JMP134. Degradation occurred in the presence of up to 24 μg of cadmium ml−1 in pure culture and up to 60 μg of cadmium g−1 in amended soil microcosms. In a pilot field study conducted with 5-gallon soil bioreactors, the dual-bioaugmentation strategy was again evaluated. Here, the cadmium-resistant isolate Pseudomonas strain H1 enhanced degradation of 2,4-D in reactors inoculated with R. eutropha JMP134 in the presence of 60 μg of cadmium g−1. Overall, dual bioaugmentation appears to be a viable approach in the remediation of cocontaminated soils. PMID:11425743

42 CFR 413.134 - Depreciation: Allowance for depreciation based on asset costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Depreciation: Allowance for depreciation based on asset costs. 413.134 Section 413.134 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM PRINCIPLES OF REASONABLE COST REIMBURSEMENT; PAYMENT...

42 CFR 413.134 - Depreciation: Allowance for depreciation based on asset costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Depreciation: Allowance for depreciation based on asset costs. 413.134 Section 413.134 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM PRINCIPLES OF REASONABLE COST REIMBURSEMENT; PAYMENT...

42 CFR 413.134 - Depreciation: Allowance for depreciation based on asset costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Depreciation: Allowance for depreciation based on asset costs. 413.134 Section 413.134 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM PRINCIPLES OF REASONABLE COST REIMBURSEMENT; PAYMENT...

42 CFR 413.134 - Depreciation: Allowance for depreciation based on asset costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Depreciation: Allowance for depreciation based on asset costs. 413.134 Section 413.134 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM PRINCIPLES OF REASONABLE COST REIMBURSEMENT; PAYMENT...

42 CFR 413.134 - Depreciation: Allowance for depreciation based on asset costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Depreciation: Allowance for depreciation based on asset costs. 413.134 Section 413.134 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM PRINCIPLES OF REASONABLE COST REIMBURSEMENT; PAYMENT...

76 FR 10328 - Approval of Manufacturing Authority, Foreign-Trade Zone 134, Volkswagen Group of America...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-24

... Authority, Foreign-Trade Zone 134, Volkswagen Group of America Chattanooga Operations, LLC (Motor Vehicles... behalf of Volkswagen Group of America Chattanooga Operations, LLC, within FTZ 134--Site 3, Chattanooga... zone procedures within FTZ 134 on behalf of Volkswagen Group of America Chattanooga Operations, LLC, as...

13 CFR 134.711 - Will the Judge permit discovery and oral hearings?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Appeals From Women-Owned Small Business Concern (WOSB) and Economically Disadvantaged WOSB Concern (EDWOSB... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Will the Judge permit discovery and oral hearings? 134.711 Section 134.711 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS...

13 CFR 134.705 - What are the requirements for an appeal petition?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Appeals From Women-Owned Small Business Concern (WOSB) and Economically Disadvantaged WOSB Concern (EDWOSB... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What are the requirements for an appeal petition? 134.705 Section 134.705 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION...

RETREG1 (FAM134B): A new player in human diseases: 15 years after the discovery in cancer.

PubMed

Islam, Farhadul; Gopalan, Vinod; Lam, Alfred King-Yin

2018-06-01

FAM134B (family with sequence similarity 134, member B)/RETREG1 and its functional roles are relatively new in human diseases. This review aimed to summarize various functions of FAM134B since our first discovery of the gene in 2001. The protein encoded by FAM134B is a reticulophagy receptor that regulates turnover of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by selective phagocytosis. Absence or non-functional expression of FAM134B protein impairs ER-turnover and thereby is involved in the pathogenesis of some human diseases. FAM134B inhibition contributes to impair proteostasis in the ER due to the accumulation of misfolded or aggregated proteins, which in turn leads to compromised neuronal survival and progressive neuronal degenerative diseases. Mutations in FAM134B associated with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IIB (HSAN IIB). Selective cleavage of FAM134B by Dengue, Zika, and West Nile virus encoded protease NS2B3 leads to the increased production of infection units, whereas upregulation of FAM134B inhibits viral replication. In cancer, FAM134B acts as a tumor suppressor and inhibit cancer growth both in-vitro and in-vivo. Pharmacological upregulation of FAM134B resulted in reduced cancer cell growth and proliferation. In addition, FAM134B mutations are common in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma, and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. These mutations and expression changes of FAM134B were associated with the biological aggressiveness of these cancers. FAM134B also plays a role in allergic rhinitis, vascular dementia, and identification of stem cells. Taken together, information available in the literature suggests that FAM134B plays critical roles in human diseases, by interacting with different biological and chemical mediators, which are primarily regulated by ER turnover. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Pushing the Limits of Oxygen Balance in 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles.

PubMed

Yu, Qiong; Yin, Ping; Zhang, Jiaheng; He, Chunlin; Imler, Gregory H; Parrish, Damon A; Shreeve, Jean'ne M

2017-07-05

Gem-trinitromethyl groups were introduced into a 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring to give the first example of a bifunctionalized single five-membered ring with six nitro groups. 2,5-Bis(trinitromethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (12) has a high calculated crystal density of 2.007 g cm -3 at 150 K (1.941 g cm -3 at 293 K) and a very high positive oxygen balance (39.12%), which makes it a strong candidate as a high energy dense oxidizer. The dihydroxylammonium and dihydrazinium salts of bis(trinitromethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (5 and 6) exhibit excellent calculated detonation properties (5, v D = 9266 m s -1 , P = 38.9 GPa; 6, v D = 8900 m s -1 , P = 36.3 GPa) and acceptable impact sensitivities (5 20 J, 6 19 J), which are superior to those of RDX (7.4 J) and HMX (7.4 J). Such attractive features support the application potential of the gem-polynitromethyl group in the design of advanced energetic materials. Surprisingly, 2,5-bis(trinitromethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (12) is more thermally stable and less sensitive than its bis(dinitromethyl) analogue, 8.

CD27/CD70, CD134/CD134 ligand, and CD30/CD153 pathways are independently essential for generation of regulatory cells after intratracheal delivery of alloantigen.

PubMed

Aramaki, Osamu; Shirasugi, Nozomu; Akiyama, Yoshinobu; Shibutani, Shintaro; Takayama, Tadatoshi; Shimazu, Motohide; Kitajima, Masaki; Ikeda, Yoshifumi; Okumura, Ko; Yagita, Hideo; Niimi, Masanori

2003-09-15

We investigated whether blockade of tumor necrosis factor receptor-ligand pathways could generate regulatory cells induced by intratracheal delivery of alloantigen. CBA (H-2k) mice were pretreated with intratracheal delivery of splenocytes (1x10(7)) from C57BL/10 (H-2b) mice and intraperitoneal administration of monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific for CD70, CD134 ligand (CD134L), CD153, or CD137L. Seven days later, C57BL/10 hearts were transplanted into pretreated CBA mice. Some naive CBA mice underwent adoptive transfer of splenocytes (5x10(7)) from pretreated CBA mice and transplantation of a C57BL/10 heart on the same day. Untreated CBA mice rejected C57BL/10 cardiac grafts acutely (median survival time [MST] 12 days). Pretreatment with intratracheal delivery of C57BL/10 donor splenocytes prolonged graft survival significantly (MST 84 days). Mice given intratracheal delivery of alloantigen plus anti-CD70, anti-CD134L, or anti-CD153 mAb, but not those given intratracheal delivery of alloantigen plus anti-CD137L mAb, rejected their graft acutely (MST 16, 14, 10, and 65 days, respectively). Adoptive transfer of splenocytes from mice pretreated with intratracheal delivery of alloantigen plus anti-CD70, CD134L, or CD153 mAb did not prolong survival of C57BL/10 cardiac grafts in naive secondary CBA recipients (MST 14, 11, and 11 days, respectively), whereas adoptive transfer of splenocytes from mice given intratracheal delivery of alloantigen plus anti-CD137L mAb did (MST 75 days). The CD27/CD70, CD134/CD134L, and CD30/CD153 pathways are independently required for generation of regulatory cells in our model.

Structural and biochemical insights into the substrate-binding mechanism of a novel glycoside hydrolase family 134 β-mannanase.

PubMed

You, Xin; Qin, Zhen; Li, Yan-Xiao; Yan, Qiao-Juan; Li, Bin; Jiang, Zheng-Qiang

2018-06-01

Mannan is one of the major constituent groups of hemicellulose, which is a renewable resource from higher plants. β-Mannanases are enzymes capable of degrading lignocellulosic biomass. Here, an endo-β-mannanase from Rhizopus microsporus (RmMan134A) was cloned and expressed. The recombinant RmMan134A showed maximal activity at pH 5.0 and 50 °C, and exhibited high specific activity towards locust bean gum (2337 U/mg). To gain insight into the substrate-binding mechanism of RmMan134A, four complex structures (RmMan134A-M3, RmMan134A-M4, RmMan134A-M5 and RmMan134A-M6) were further solved. These structures showed that there were at least seven subsites (-3 to +4) in the catalytic groove of RmMan134A. Mannose in the -1 subsite hydrogen bonded with His113 and Tyr131, revealing a unique conformation. Lys48 and Val159 formed steric hindrance, which impedes to bond with galactose branches. In addition, the various binding modes of RmMan134A-M5 indicated that subsites -2 to +2 are indispensable during the hydrolytic process. The structure of RmMan134A-M4 showed that mannotetrose only binds at subsites +1 to +4, and RmMan134A could therefore not hydrolyze mannan oligosaccharides with degree of polymerization ≤4. Through rational design, the specific activity and optimal conditions of RmMan134A were significantly improved. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the structure and function of fungal GH family 134 β-1,4-mannanases, and substrate-binding mechanism of GH family 134 members. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Reclassification of Alcaligenes latus strains IAM 12599T and IAM 12664 and Pseudomonas saccharophila as Azohydromonas lata gen. nov., comb. nov., Azohydromonas australica sp. nov. and Pelomonas saccharophila gen. nov., comb. nov., respectively.

PubMed

Xie, Cheng-Hui; Yokota, Akira

2005-11-01

The aim of this study was to clarify the taxonomic position of the nitrogen-fixing and hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria Alcaligenes latus strains IAM 12599T, IAM 12664 and IAM 12665 and Pseudomonas saccharophila IAM 14368T. It was found that the type strain of Alcaligenes latus, IAM 12599T, showed 99 x 9 and 96 x 1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to strains IAM 12665 and IAM 12664, respectively. A comparison using DNA-DNA hybridization suggested that strains IAM 12599T and IAM 12665 belong to a single species (89 x 7 %) and that strain IAM 12664 (35 x 1 %) forms a separate species. The phenotypic characteristics also support the conclusion that these bacteria should be identified as two species of a new genus: Azohydromonas lata gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain IAM 12599T=DSM 1122T=LMG 3321T=ATCC 29712T; reference strain IAM 12665=DSM 1123=LMG 3325=ATCC 29714) and Azohydromonas australica sp. nov. (type strain IAM 12664T=DSM 1124T=LMG 3324T=ATCC 29713T). Pseudomonas saccharophila IAM 14368T was found to be closely related to the phototrophic bacterium Roseateles depolymerans, with 96 x 8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, but the two bacteria are quite different with respect to their metabolism and some significant phenotypic characteristics, suggesting that they cannot be included in a single genus. Further studies on their nifH gene sequences, G+C content of the DNA and cellular fatty acid composition confirm that Pseudomonas saccharophila should be reclassified: the name Pelomonas saccharophila gen. nov., comb. nov. is proposed, with the type strain IAM 14368T (=LMG 2256T=ATCC 15946T).

View of STS-134 Crew Members during EVA-1

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-20

S134-E-009265 (20 May 2011) --- NASA astronauts Andrew Feustel (right) and Greg Chamitoff, both STS-134 mission specialists, participate in the mission's first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 19-minute spacewalk, Feustel and Chamitoff retrieved long-duration materials exposure experiments and installed another, installed a light on one of the station?s rail line handcarts, made preparations for adding ammonia to a cooling loop and installed an antenna for the External Wireless Communication system. The newly-installed Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) is at center frame. Photo credit: NASA

View of STS-134 Crew Members during EVA-1

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-20

S134-E-009267 (20 May 2011) --- NASA astronauts Andrew Feustel (right) and Greg Chamitoff, both STS-134 mission specialists, participate in the mission's first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 19-minute spacewalk, Feustel and Chamitoff retrieved long-duration materials exposure experiments and installed another, installed a light on one of the station?s rail line handcarts, made preparations for adding ammonia to a cooling loop and installed an antenna for the External Wireless Communication system. The newly-installed Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) is at lower center frame. Photo credit: NASA

PTH [1-34]-induced alterations of the subchondral bone provoke early osteoarthritis.

PubMed

Orth, P; Cucchiarini, M; Wagenpfeil, S; Menger, M D; Madry, H

2014-06-01

To test the hypothesis that changes in the subchondral bone induced by parathyroid hormone (PTH [1-34]) reciprocally affect the integrity of the articular cartilage within a naïve osteochondral unit in vivo. Daily subcutaneous injections of 10 μg PTH [1-34]/kg were given to adult rabbits for 6 weeks, controls received saline. Blood samples were continuously collected to monitor renal function. The subchondral bone plate and subarticular spongiosa of the femoral heads were separately assessed by micro-computed tomography. Articular cartilage was evaluated by macroscopic and histological osteoarthritis scoring, polarized light microscopy, and immunohistochemical determination of type-I, type-II, type-X collagen contents, PTH [1-34] receptor and caspase-3 expression. Absolute and relative extents of hyaline and calcified articular cartilage layers were measured histomorphometrically. The correlation between PTH-induced changes in subchondral bone and articular cartilage was determined. PTH [1-34] enhanced volume, mineral density, and trabecular thickness within the subarticular spongiosa, and increased thickness of the calcified cartilage layer (all P < 0.05). Moreover, PTH [1-34] led to cartilage surface irregularities and reduced matrix staining (both P < 0.03). These early osteoarthritic changes correlated with and were ascribed to the increased thickness of the calcified cartilage layer (P = 0.026) and enhanced mineral density of the subarticular spongiosa (P = 0.001). Modifications of the subarticular spongiosa by PTH [1-34] cause broadening of the calcified cartilage layer, resulting in osteoarthritic cartilage degeneration. These findings identify a mechanism by which PTH-induced alterations of the normal subchondral bone microarchitecture may provoke early osteoarthritis. Copyright © 2014 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

13 CFR 134.204 - Filing and service requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 20416. For SBA Employee Disputes, see Standard Operating Procedure 37 71 02, available at www.sba.gov... PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice for Most Cases § 134...

Hsa-miR-134 suppresses non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development through down-regulation of CCND1

PubMed Central

Sun, Cheng-Cao; Li, Shu-Jun; Li, De-Jia

2016-01-01

Hsa-miRNA-134 (miR-134) has recently been discovered to have anticancer efficacy in different organs. However, the role of miR-134 on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still ambiguous. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-134 on the development of NSCLC. The results indicated that miR-134 was significantly down-regulated in primary tumor tissues and very low levels were found in NSCLC cell lines. Ectopic expression of miR-134 in NSCLC cell lines significantly suppressed cell growth as evidenced by cell viability assay, colony formation assay and BrdU staining, through inhibition of cyclin D1, cyclin D2, CDK4 and up-regulation of p57(Kip2) and p21(Waf1/Cip1). In addition, miR-134 induced apoptosis, as indicated by concomitantly with up-regulation of key apoptosis protein cleaved caspase-3, and down-regulation of anti-apoptosis protein Bcl2. Moreover, miR-134 inhibited cellular migration and invasiveness through inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-7 and MMP-9. Further, oncogene CCND1 was revealed to be a putative target of miR-134, which was inversely correlated with miR-134 expression in NSCLC. Taken together, our results demonstrated that miR-134 played a pivotal role on NSCLC through inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoting apoptosis by targeting oncogenic CCND1. PMID:27166267

MicroRNA-134-5p promotes high glucose-induced podocyte apoptosis by targeting bcl-2

PubMed Central

Qian, Xiaoxiao; Tan, Juan; Liu, Ling; Chen, Sheng; You, Na; Yong, Huijuan; Pan, Minglin; You, Qiang; Ding, Dafa; Lu, Yibing

2018-01-01

Podocyte apoptosis is a typical early feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN), with loss of nephrin integrity contributing to increased proteinuria in patients with DN. Emerging evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in the pathogenesis of DN. Thus, we aimed to further elucidate the role of miRNAs in podocyte apoptosis in DN. We used db/db and db/m mice maintained under a continuous feeding regime for 12 weeks. Using microarray analysis, we found several miRNAs potentially related to podocyte apoptosis. In addition, we cultured a conditionally immortalized human podocyte cell line in 30 mM D-glucose and found that miR-134-5p was upregulated in both db/db mice and high-glucose (HG)-treated podocytes. Upregulation of miR-134-5p was accompanied by podocyte apoptosis and downregulation of nephrin. Inhibition of miR-134-5p produced the opposite effect. Dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-134-5p directly targeted the 3’-untranslated region of the B-cell lymphoma-2 gene (BCL2), and further study confirmed an increase in bcl-2 protein level in HG-treated podocytes transfected with anti-miR-134-5p. Knockdown of BCL2 impeded the antiapoptotic effect of anti-miR-134-5p. Finally, we found that miR-134-5p might regulate apoptosis in db/db mice and podocytes by targeting BCL2. Taken together, our findings suggest that miR-134-5p promotes podocyte apoptosis under HG conditions by targeting BCL2. Our study provides a meaningful approach to interpret the mechanisms of action of miRNAs involved in DN. PMID:29636888

STS-134 Flight Controllers on Console - Landing

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-06-01

JSC2011-E-050168 (1 June 2011) --- An overall view of the space shuttle flight control room in the Mission Control Center at NASA's Johnson Space Center photographed during STS-134/ULF-6 landing day activities. Flight directors Richard Jones (left) and Tony Ceccacci are visible in the foreground. Photo credit: NASA

13 CFR 134.714 - When must the Judge issue his or her decision?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Appeals From Women-Owned Small Business Concern (WOSB) and Economically Disadvantaged WOSB Concern (EDWOSB... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false When must the Judge issue his or her decision? 134.714 Section 134.714 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION...

13 CFR 134.616 - How will I know if I receive an award?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., there will also be findings on whether you have unduly protracted the proceedings or whether other... amount requested and the amount awarded. If you have sought an award against more than one federal agency... award? 134.616 Section 134.616 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF...

Looking northeast at interior of Machine Shop (Bldg. 134) ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Looking northeast at interior of Machine Shop (Bldg. 134) - Atchison, Topeka, Santa Fe Railroad, Albuquerque Shops, Machine Shop No. 2, 908 Second Street, Southwest, Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, NM

7 CFR 4288.134 - Refunds and interest payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... SERVICE AND RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAYMENT PROGRAMS Advanced Biofuel Payment Program General Provisions § 4288.134 Refunds and interest payments. An eligible advanced biofuel producer...) An eligible advanced biofuel producer receiving payments under this subpart shall become ineligible...

7 CFR 4288.134 - Refunds and interest payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... SERVICE AND RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAYMENT PROGRAMS Advanced Biofuel Payment Program General Provisions § 4288.134 Refunds and interest payments. An eligible advanced biofuel producer...) An eligible advanced biofuel producer receiving payments under this subpart shall become ineligible...

Neutron Inelastic Scattering on 134Xe at En = 5 - 8 MeV

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kidd, Mary; Tornow, Werner; Finch, Sean; Krishichayan, Fnu; Bhike, Megha

2017-09-01

Neutrinoless double-beta decay (0 νββ) studies are both the best way to determine the Majorana nature of the neutrino and determine its effective mass. The two main experiments searching for 0 νββ -decay of 136Xe (Q value = 2457.8 keV) are Kamland-Zen and EXO-200. Though both experiments have enriched 136Xe targets, these targets still contain significant quantities of 134Xe. Recently, a new nuclear level was discovered in 134Xe that decays to the ground state emitting a 2485.7 keV gamma ray. The γ-ray production cross section for this branch was found to be on the order of 10 mb for incident neutron energies of 2.5-4.5 MeV. Here, we have extended the investigation of this level to higher incident neutron energies, and further explore the potential neutron-induced backgrounds on both 134Xe and 136Xe for extended neutron energies. We will report our preliminary results for neutron inelastic scattering on 134Xe in applications to 0 νββ decay searches. NSF PHY-1614348, DE-FG02-97ER41033.

Post STS-134 Evaluation of Main Flame Deflector Witness Materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Long, Victoria

2011-01-01

NASA and USA design engineers submitted witness materials from the solid rocket booster (SRB) main flame deflector for evaluation after the launch of STS-134. The following items were submitted for analysis: 1018 steel witness rods 304 stainless steel caps, tungsten pistons, and A-286 piston sleeves. All of the items were photographed in order to document their condition after the launch of STS-134. All of the items were dimensionally measured in order to determine the amount of material lost during launch. Microstructural changes were observed in the 1018 witness rod metallographic samples due to the heat of the launch

43 CFR 13.4 - Terms of permit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... § 13.4 Terms of permit. Every permit shall describe the location of the vending facilities and shall be... Interior bureau or office for each location. The head of the Interior bureau or office may require... efficiency as may be prescribed by the head of the Interior bureau or office. Such standards shall conform...

Salmeterol inhaler using a non-chlorinated propellant, HFA134a: systemic pharmacodynamic activity in healthy volunteers.

PubMed Central

Kirby, S. M.; Smith, J.; Ventresca, G. P.

1995-01-01

BACKGROUND--Metered dose inhalers for the treatment of asthma use chlorofluorocarbons as propellants. These face an international ban due to their effect on the ozone layer. Salmeterol has been reformulated using the non-chlorinated propellant Glaxo inhalation grade HFA134a. METHODS--The safety, tolerability and systemic pharmacodynamic activity of the salmeterol/HFA134a inhaler, the current salmeterol inhaler, and placebo (HFA134a) were compared in 12 healthy volunteers in a double blind, randomised crossover study using a cumulative dosing design. RESULTS--Safety and tolerability were similar and the response was related to the dose over the range used (50-400 micrograms) with both salmeterol inhalers. The salmeterol/HFA134a inhaler showed no differences from the current inhaler for pulse rate, blood pressure, tremor, QTc interval, and plasma glucose levels. The salmeterol/HFA134a inhaler had significantly less effect on plasma potassium levels. CONCLUSIONS--In healthy volunteers the salmeterol/HFA134a inhaler is at least as safe and well tolerated as the current salmeterol inhaler, and has similar systemic pharmacodynamic activity. PMID:7638815

STS-134 Orbit 2 flight controllers on consoles

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-17

JSC2011-E-045475 (17 May 2011) --- Flight director Paul Dye monitors data at his console in the space shuttle flight control room in the Mission Control Center at NASA's Johnson Space Center during STS-134 flight day two activities. Photo credit: NASA

13 CFR 134.103 - Rules applicable to time periods provided in this part.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Rules applicable to time periods provided in this part. (a) The day from which the time period is... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Rules applicable to time periods provided in this part. 134.103 Section 134.103 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION...

78 FR 55057 - Foreign-Trade Zone 134-Chattanooga, Tennessee; Authorization of Production Activity; Komatsu...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-09

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Foreign-Trade Zones Board [B-42-2013] Foreign-Trade Zone 134--Chattanooga, Tennessee; Authorization of Production Activity; Komatsu America Corporation, (Construction and Forestry Equipment), Chattanooga, Tennessee On May 6, 2013, the Chattanooga Chamber Foundation, grantee of FTZ 134...

MicroRNA-134 activity in somatostatin interneurons regulates H-Ras localization by repressing the palmitoylation enzyme, DHHC9.

PubMed

Chai, Sunghee; Cambronne, Xiaolu A; Eichhorn, Stephen W; Goodman, Richard H

2013-10-29

MicroRNA-134 (miR-134) serves as a widely accepted model for microRNA function in synaptic plasticity. In this model, synaptic activity stimulates miR-134 expression, which then regulates dendrite growth and spine formation. By using a ratiometric microRNA sensor, we found, unexpectedly, that miR-134 activity in cortical neurons was restricted to interneurons. Using an assay designed to trap microRNA-mRNA complexes, we determined that miR-134 interacted directly with the mRNA encoding the palmitoylation enzyme, DHHC9. This enzyme is known to palmitoylate H-Ras, a modification required for proper membrane trafficking. Treatment with bicuculline, a GABAA receptor antagonist, decreased DHHC9 expression in somatostatin-positive interneurons and membrane localization of an H-Ras reporter in a manner that depended on miR-134. Thus, although miR-134 has been proposed to affect all types of neurons, we showed that functionally active miR-134 is produced in only a selected population of neurons where it influences the expression of targets, such as DHHC9, that regulate membrane targeting of critical signaling molecules.

Petroleum degradation by Pseudomonas sp. ZS1 is impeded in the presence of antagonist Alcaligenes sp. CT10.

PubMed

Liang, Jibei; Cheng, Tao; Huang, Yi; Liu, Jianhua

2018-05-28

Enhanced bioremediation is a favorable approach for petroleum pollutant cleanup, which depends on the growth of oil-eating microorganisms. In this study, we show that, by using the modified T-RFLP (mT-RFLP) methodology, one of the four major microbial populations derived from oil sludge has failed to propagate in MS medium supplemented with 2% yeast extract (YE). rDNA sequence-based analysis indicated that the four populations were Donghicola sp. CT5, Bacillus sp. CT6, Alcaligenes sp. CT10, and Pseudomonas sp. ZS1. Four purified strains grow well individually in MS medium supplemented with 2% YE, suggesting that ZS1 growth is antagonized by other strains. Co-growth analysis using mT-RFLP methodology and plate inhibitory assay indicated that ZS1 exhibited antagonistic effect against CT5 and CT6. On the other hand, co-growth analysis and plate inhibition assay showed that CT10 antagonized against ZS1. To investigate the potential compounds responsible for the antagonism, supernatant of CT10 culture was subjected to GC-MS analysis. Analysis indicated that CT10 produced a number of antimicrobial compounds including cyclodipeptide c-(L-Pro-L-Phe), which was known to inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas sp. Growth test using the purified c-(L-Pro-L-Phe) from CT10 confirmed its inhibitory activity. We further showed that, using both gravimetric and GC analysis, CT10 antagonism against the oil-eating ZS1 led to the diminishing of crude oil degradation. Together, our results indicate that bioremediation can be affected by environmental antagonists.

STS-134 water survival training at the NBL

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-02-23

JSC2010-E-025732 (23 Feb. 2010) --- Attired in a training version of his shuttle launch and entry suit, NASA astronaut Greg Chamitoff, STS-134 mission specialist, participates in a water survival training session in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) near NASA's Johnson Space Center.

25 CFR 39.134 - How does a school identify a Limited English Proficient student?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... student? 39.134 Section 39.134 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION THE INDIAN SCHOOL EQUALIZATION PROGRAM Indian School Equalization Formula Language Development Programs § 39... limited English proficient (LEP) by using a nationally recognized scientifically research-based test. ...

STS-134 Orbit 2 flight controllers on consoles

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-17

JSC2011-E-045468 (17 May 2011) --- Public Affairs Office (PAO) mission commentator Brandi Dean monitors data at her console in the space shuttle flight control room in the Mission Control Center at NASA's Johnson Space Center during STS-134 flight day two activities. Photo credit: NASA

38 CFR 21.134 - Limitation on flight training.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Limitation on flight.... Chapter 31 Educational and Vocational Training Services § 21.134 Limitation on flight training. Flight... that include required flight training. This type of training is otherwise subject to the same...

38 CFR 21.134 - Limitation on flight training.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Limitation on flight.... Chapter 31 Educational and Vocational Training Services § 21.134 Limitation on flight training. Flight... that include required flight training. This type of training is otherwise subject to the same...

38 CFR 21.134 - Limitation on flight training.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Limitation on flight.... Chapter 31 Educational and Vocational Training Services § 21.134 Limitation on flight training. Flight... that include required flight training. This type of training is otherwise subject to the same...

38 CFR 21.134 - Limitation on flight training.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Limitation on flight.... Chapter 31 Educational and Vocational Training Services § 21.134 Limitation on flight training. Flight... that include required flight training. This type of training is otherwise subject to the same...

38 CFR 21.134 - Limitation on flight training.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Limitation on flight.... Chapter 31 Educational and Vocational Training Services § 21.134 Limitation on flight training. Flight... that include required flight training. This type of training is otherwise subject to the same...

STS-134 Orbit 3 Flight Controllers on Console

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-19

JSC2011-E-046428 (19 May 2011) --- NASA astronaut Shannon Lucid, STS-134 spacecraft communicator (CAPCOM), is pictured at her console in the space shuttle flight control room in the Mission Control Center at NASA?s Johnson Space Center during flight day four activities. Photo credit: NASA

STS-134 Orbit 2 flight controllers on consoles

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-17

JSC2011-E-045467 (17 May 2011) --- Public Affairs Office (PAO) mission commentator Brandi Dean is pictured at her console in the space shuttle flight control room in the Mission Control Center at NASA's Johnson Space Center during STS-134 flight day two activities. Photo credit: NASA

Enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of poly[(R)-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate]: Formation of macroscopic granules in vitro

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gerngross, T.U.; Martin, D.P.

A combined chemical and enzymatic procedure has been developed to synthesize macroscopic poly[(R)-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (PHB) granules in vitro. The granules form in a matter of minutes when purified polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase from Alcaligenes eutrophus is exposed to synthetically prepared (R)-3-hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A, thereby establishing the minimal requirements for PHB granule formation. The artificial granules are spherical with diameters of up to 3 {mu}m and significantly larger than their native counterparts (0.5 {mu}m). The isolated PHB was characterized by {sup 1}H and {sup 13}C NMR, gel-permeation chromatography, and chemical analysis. The in vitro polymerization system yields PHB with a molecular mass >more » 10 x 10{sup 6} Da, exceeding by an order of magnitude the mass of PHAs typically extracted from microorganisms. We also demonstrate that the molecular mass of the polymer can be controlled by the initial PHA synthase concentration. Preliminary kinetic analysis of de novo granule formation confirms earlier findings of a lag time for the enzyme but suggests the involvement of an additional granule assembly step. Minimal requirements for substrate recognition were investigated. Since substrate analogs lacking the adenosine 3{prime}, 5{prime}-bisphosphate moiety of (R)-3-hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A were not accepted by the PHA synthase, we provide evidence that this structural element of the substrate is essential for catalysis. PHAs provide a range of natural, renewable, biodegradable thermoplastics with a broad range of useful material properties. 33 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.« less

Proton-coupled electron transfer in the catalytic cycle of Alcaligenes xylosoxidans copper-dependent nitrite reductase.

PubMed

Leferink, Nicole G H; Han, Cong; Antonyuk, Svetlana V; Heyes, Derren J; Rigby, Stephen E J; Hough, Michael A; Eady, Robert R; Scrutton, Nigel S; Hasnain, S Samar

2011-05-17

We demonstrated recently that two protons are involved in reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide through a proton-coupled electron transfer (ET) reaction catalyzed by the blue Cu-dependent nitrite reductase (Cu NiR) of Alcaligenes xylosoxidans (AxNiR). Here, the functionality of two putative proton channels, one involving Asn90 and the other His254, is studied using single (N90S, H254F) and double (N90S--H254F) mutants. All mutants studied are active, indicating that protons are still able to reach the active site. The H254F mutation has no effect on the catalytic activity, while the N90S mutation results in ~70% decrease in activity. Laser flash-photolysis experiments show that in H254F and wild-type enzyme electrons enter at the level of the T1Cu and then redistribute between the two Cu sites. Complete ET from T1Cu to T2Cu occurs only when nitrite binds at the T2Cu site. This indicates that substrate binding to T2Cu promotes ET from T1Cu, suggesting that the enzyme operates an ordered mechanism. In fact, in the N90S and N90S--H254F variants, where the T1Cu site redox potential is elevated by ∼60 mV, inter-Cu ET is only observed in the presence of nitrite. From these results it is evident that the Asn90 channel is the main proton channel in AxNiR, though protons can still reach the active site if this channel is disrupted. Crystallographic structures provide a clear structural rationale for these observations, including restoration of the proton delivery via a significant movement of the loop connecting the T1Cu ligands Cys130 and His139 that occurs on binding of nitrite. Notably, a role for this loop in facilitating interaction of cytochrome c(551) with Cu NiR has been suggested previously based on a crystal structure of the binary complex.

Synthesis, Urease Inhibition, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Molecular Docking Studies of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives

PubMed Central

Hanif, Muhammad; Shoaib, Khurram; Saleem, Muhammad; Hasan Rama, Nasim; Zaib, Sumera; Iqbal, Jamshed

2012-01-01

A series of eighteen 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives have been synthesized by treating aromatic acid hydrazides with carbon disulfide in ethanolic potassium hydroxide yielding potassium salts of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles. Upon neutralization with 1 N hydrochloric acid yielded crude crystals of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, which were purified by recrystallization in boiling methanol. The synthesized 1,3,4-oxadiazoles derivatives were evaluated in vitro for their urease inhibitory activities, most of the investigated compounds were potent inhibitors of Jack bean urease. The molecular docking studies were performed by docking them into the crystal structure of Jack bean urease to observe the mode of interaction of synthesized compounds. The synthesized compounds were also tested for antibacterial and antioxidant activities and some derivatives exhibited very promising results. PMID:22934191

STS-134 water survival training at the NBL

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-02-23

JSC2001-E-025697 (23 Feb. 2010) --- European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, STS-134 mission specialist, attired in a training version of his shuttle launch and entry suit, is pictured during a water survival training session in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) near NASA's Johnson Space Center.

Morphine Preconditioning Downregulates MicroRNA-134 Expression Against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation Injuries in Cultured Neurons of Mice.

PubMed

Meng, Fanjun; Li, Yan; Chi, Wenying; Li, Junfa

2016-07-01

Brain protection by narcotics such as morphine is clinically relevant due to the extensive use of narcotics in the perioperative period. Morphine preconditioning induces neuroprotection in neurons, but it remains uncertain whether microRNA-134 (miR-134) is involved in morphine preconditioning against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injuries in primary cortical neurons of mice. The present study examined this issue. After cortical neurons of mice were cultured in vitro for 6 days, the neurons were transfected by respective virus vector, such as lentiviral vector (LV)-miR-control-GFP, LV-pre-miR-134-GFP, LV-pre-miR-134-inhibitor-GFP for 24 hours; after being normally cultured for 3 days again, morphine preconditioning was performed by incubating the transfected primary neurons with morphine (3 μM) for 1 hour, and then neuronal cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 1 hour and oxygen-glucose recovery for 12 hours. The neuronal cells survival rate and the amount of apoptotic neurons were determined by MTT assay or TUNEL staining at designated time; and the expression levels of miR-134 were detected using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction at the same time. The neuronal cell survival rate was significantly higher, and the amount of apoptotic neurons was significantly decreased in neurons preconditioned with morphine before OGD than that of OGD alone. The neuroprotection induced by morphine preconditioning was partially blocked by upregulating miR-134 expression, and was enhanced by downregulating miR-134 expression. The expression of miR-134 was significantly decreased in morphine-preconditioned neurons alone without transfection. By downregulating miR-134 expression, morphine preconditioning protects primary cortical neurons of mice against injuries induced by OGD.

Observed Eastward Progression of the Fukushima 134Cs Signal Across the North Pacific

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoshida, S.; Macdonald, A. M.; Jayne, S. R.; Rypina, I.; Buesseler, K.

2015-12-01

Radionuclide samples taken as part of hydrographic surveys at 30°N in the North Pacific reveal that the easternmost edge of Fukushima-derived 134Cs observed at 174.3°W in 2012 had progressed eastward across the basin to 160.6°W by 2013. The 2013 30°N observations indicate surface 134Cs concentrations of 3-5 Bq/m3 between 160°E and 160°W, slightly lower concentrations west of 160°E and no detectable signal east of 160.6°W. Profile samples show 134Cs penetration to 500 m west of 180° with shoaling penetration depth toward to the east. The near-uniform vertical distribution of 137Cs between 152°W and 121.3°W in the top 500 m is indicative of trace amounts of radionuclides remaining from weapons testing. The physical processes responsible for the deep 134Cs penetration in the western Pacific appear to be related to distinct water mass subduction pathways, however the timing and rapidity of deep penetration over the broad scales observed has yet to be clarified.

STS-134 water survival training at the NBL

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-02-23

JSC2010-E-025724 (23 Feb. 2010) --- NASA astronaut Greg Chamitoff, STS-134 mission specialist, gets helps with the donning of a training version of his shuttle launch and entry suit in preparation for a water survival training session in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) near NASA's Johnson Space Center.

10 CFR 431.134 - Uniform test methods for the measurement of energy consumption and water consumption of automatic...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... consumption and water consumption of automatic commercial ice makers. 431.134 Section 431.134 Energy... EQUIPMENT Automatic Commercial Ice Makers Test Procedures § 431.134 Uniform test methods for the measurement of energy consumption and water consumption of automatic commercial ice makers. (a) Scope. This...

Space Shuttle Endeavour STS-134

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-04-29

An faint profile outline of the space shuttle Endeavour is seen projected in the sky as powerful xenon lights illuminate launch pad 39a shortly after the rollback of the Rotating Service Structure (RSS) from Endeavour, Thursday, April 28, 2011, at Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Fla. During the 14-day mission, Endeavour and the STS-134 crew will deliver the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) and spare parts including two S-band communications antennas, a high-pressure gas tank and additional spare parts for Dextre. Launch is targeted for Friday, April 29 at 3:47 p.m. EDT. Photo credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

10 CFR 431.134 - Uniform test methods for the measurement of energy and water consumption of automatic commercial...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... water consumption of automatic commercial ice makers. 431.134 Section 431.134 Energy DEPARTMENT OF... Automatic Commercial Ice Makers Test Procedures § 431.134 Uniform test methods for the measurement of energy and water consumption of automatic commercial ice makers. (a) Scope. This section provides the test...

10 CFR 431.134 - Uniform test methods for the measurement of energy and water consumption of automatic commercial...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... water consumption of automatic commercial ice makers. 431.134 Section 431.134 Energy DEPARTMENT OF... Automatic Commercial Ice Makers Test Procedures § 431.134 Uniform test methods for the measurement of energy and water consumption of automatic commercial ice makers. (a) Scope. This section provides the test...

STS-134 water survival training at the NBL

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-02-23

JSC2001-E-025694 (23 Feb. 2010) --- European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori, STS-134 mission specialist, gets helps with the donning of a training version of his shuttle launch and entry suit in preparation for a water survival training session in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) near NASA's Johnson Space Center.

Increase in HFC-134a emissions in response to the success of the Montreal Protocol

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fortems-Cheiney, A.; Saunois, M.; Pison, I.; Chevallier, F.; Bousquet, P.; Cressot, C.; Montzka, S. A.; Fraser, P. J.; Vollmer, M. K.; Simmonds, P. G.; Young, D.; O'Doherty, S.; Weiss, R. F.; Artuso, F.; Barletta, B.; Blake, D. R.; Li, S.; Lunder, C.; Miller, B. R.; Park, S.; Prinn, R.; Saito, T.; Steele, L. P.; Yokouchi, Y.

2015-11-01

The 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a), an important alternative to CFC-12 in accordance with the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, is a high global warming potential greenhouse gas. Here we evaluate variations in global and regional HFC-134a emissions and emission trends, from 1995 to 2010, at a relatively high spatial and temporal (3.75° in longitude × 2.5° in latitude and 8 day) resolution, using surface HFC-134a measurements. Our results show a progressive increase of global HFC-134a emissions from 19 ± 2 Gg/yr in 1995 to 167 ± 5 Gg/yr in 2010, with both a slowdown in developed countries and a 20%/yr increase in China since 2005. A seasonal cycle is also seen since 2002, which becomes enhanced over time, with larger values during the boreal summer.

Neutron-induced Backgrounds in 134Xe for Large-Scale Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay Experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moriguchi, Nina; Kidd, Mary; Tornow, Werner

2016-09-01

136Xe is used in large neutrinoless double-beta (0 νββ) decay experiments, such as KamLAND- Zen and EXO 200. Though highly purified, 136Xe still contains a significant amount of 134Xe. Recently, a new nuclear energy level was found in 134Xe. If 134Xe decays from this proposed excited state, it will emit a 2485.7 keV gamma ray. Because this energy lies near the region of interest of 136Xe νββ decay experiments (Q value 2457.8 keV), it could make a significant contribution to the background. A purified gaseous sample of 134Xe will be irradiated with neutrons of an incident energy of 4.0 MeV at Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory and monitored with high-purity germanium detectors. The spectra obtained from these detectors will be analyzed for the presence of the 2581 keV gamma ray. We will report on the status of this experiment. Future plans include expanding this measurement to higher initial neutron energies. Tennesse Tech University CISE Grant program.

13 CFR 134.618 - How are awards paid?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... CASES BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Implementation of the Equal Access to Justice Act § 134... of Financial Operations, SBA, P.O. Box 205, Denver, CO 80201-0205. SBA will pay you the amount awarded within 60 days of receipt of your request unless it is notified that you or another party has...

STS-134 crew during PDRS PRF ADV (AMS) traiining

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-03-23

JSC2011-E-028158 (23 March 2011) --- NASA astronaut Greg H. Johnson, STS-134 pilot, participates in an exercise in the systems engineering simulator in the Avionics Systems Laboratory at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

The EDTA Amendment in Phytoextraction of (134)Cs From Soil by Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea).

PubMed

Tjahaja, Poppy Intan; Sukmabuana, Putu; Roosmini, Dwina

2015-01-01

Soil contamination with radiocaesium is a significant problem at any countries when a nuclear accident occurred. Recently, phytoextraction technique is developed to remediate the contaminated environment. However, the application is limited by the availability of the contaminant for root uptake. Therefore, a green house trial experiment of soil amendment with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) has been conducted to examine (134)Cs availability for root uptake. Two groups of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) were cultivated in (134)Cs contaminated soil. The soil in the first group was treated with EDTA amendment, while the other was not. Plant growth was observed gravimetrically and the (134)Cs concentration in soil as well as plants were determined using gamma spectrometry. The plant uptake capacity was determined as transfer factor (Fv), and the Fv values of 0.22 ± 0.0786 and 0.12 ± 0.039 were obtained for the soil treated with and without EDTA amendment, respectively. The phytoextraction efficiency of the plant cultivated in (134)Cs contaminated soil both with and without EDTA amendment was low. The EDTA amendment to the soil seems to enhance the (134)Cs availability for root uptake of Indian mustard and can still be considered to assist the field phytoremediation of contaminated soil.

40 CFR 63.134 - Process wastewater provisions-surface impoundments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Process wastewater provisions-surface... Manufacturing Industry for Process Vents, Storage Vessels, Transfer Operations, and Wastewater § 63.134 Process wastewater provisions—surface impoundments. (a) For each surface impoundment that receives, manages, or...

25 CFR 224.134 - How often must the Director conduct a periodic review and evaluation?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false How often must the Director conduct a periodic review and evaluation? 224.134 Section 224.134 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ENERGY AND MINERALS TRIBAL ENERGY RESOURCE AGREEMENTS UNDER THE INDIAN TRIBAL ENERGY DEVELOPMENT AND SELF...

25 CFR 224.134 - How often must the Director conduct a periodic review and evaluation?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false How often must the Director conduct a periodic review and evaluation? 224.134 Section 224.134 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ENERGY AND MINERALS TRIBAL ENERGY RESOURCE AGREEMENTS UNDER THE INDIAN TRIBAL ENERGY DEVELOPMENT AND SELF...

Global Emissions of Refrigerants HCFC-22 and HFC-134a: Unforeseen Seasonal Contributions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xiang, B.; Patra, P. K.; Montzka, S. A.; Miller, S. M.; Elkins, J. W.; Moore, F.; Atlas, E. L.; Miller, B. R.; Prinn, R. G.; Wofsy, S. C.

2014-12-01

HCFC-22 (CHClF2) and HFC-134a (CH2FCF3) are two major gases currently used worldwide in domestic and commercial refrigeration and air conditioning. HCFC-22 contributes to stratospheric ozone depletion and both species are potent greenhouse gases, and their global emissions continue to rise at the present. In this work, we study aircraft based in-situ observations of HCFC-22 and HFC-134a over the Pacific Ocean in a three-year span (HIaper Pole-to-Pole Observation of carbon cycle and greenhouse gases study, HIPPO 2009-2011) and combine these data with long-term observations from global surface sites (NOAA and AGAGE networks). We find a steady increase in global annual emissions of HCFC-22 and HFC-134a for the past two decades (on average 3% and 4% per year, respectively). Emissions of HFC-134a since 2000 are consistently higher, with 60% more in recent years (2009-2011), compared to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) inventory. Using both HIPPO and surface data, we quantify and verify enhanced summertime emissions of HFC-134a and HCFC-22 that are about three times those in the wintertime. This unforeseen large seasonal contribution indicates unaccounted mechanisms controlling refrigerant gas emissions, missing in the existing inventory estimates. Possible mechanisms for greater refrigerant leakages in the summer are: 1) higher vapor pressure in the sealed compartment of the system at summer high temperatures (saturated vapor pressure is ~ 3 times at 303 K compared to that at 273 K for both species), and 2) more frequent use of refrigeration and air conditioners in the summer (vapor pressure in the compressor line is higher when in use than not in use). Our results suggest that the engineering of the refrigeration and air conditioning systems can greatly influence the release of these two species to the atmosphere.

Global emissions of refrigerants HCFC-22 and HFC-134a: Unforeseen seasonal contributions

PubMed Central

Xiang, Bin; Montzka, Stephen A.; Miller, Scot M.; Elkins, James W.; Moore, Fred L.; Atlas, Elliot L.; Miller, Ben R.; Weiss, Ray F.; Prinn, Ronald G.; Wofsy, Steven C.

2014-01-01

HCFC-22 (CHClF2) and HFC-134a (CH2FCF3) are two major gases currently used worldwide in domestic and commercial refrigeration and air conditioning. HCFC-22 contributes to stratospheric ozone depletion, and both species are potent greenhouse gases. In this work, we study in situ observations of HCFC-22 and HFC-134a taken from research aircraft over the Pacific Ocean in a 3-y span [HIaper-Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) 2009–2011] and combine these data with long-term ground observations from global surface sites [National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) networks]. We find the global annual emissions of HCFC-22 and HFC-134a have increased substantially over the past two decades. Emissions of HFC-134a are consistently higher compared with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) inventory since 2000, by 60% more in recent years (2009–2012). Apart from these decadal emission constraints, we also quantify recent seasonal emission patterns showing that summertime emissions of HCFC-22 and HFC-134a are two to three times higher than wintertime emissions. This unforeseen large seasonal variation indicates that unaccounted mechanisms controlling refrigerant gas emissions are missing in the existing inventory estimates. Possible mechanisms enhancing refrigerant losses in summer are (i) higher vapor pressure in the sealed compartment of the system at summer high temperatures and (ii) more frequent use and service of refrigerators and air conditioners in summer months. Our results suggest that engineering (e.g., better temperature/vibration-resistant system sealing and new system design of more compact/efficient components) and regulatory (e.g., reinforcing system service regulations) steps to improve containment of these gases from working devices could effectively reduce their release to the atmosphere. PMID:25422438

MicroRNA-134 plasma levels before and after treatment with valproic acid for epilepsy patients

PubMed Central

Wang, Xiaofeng; Luo, Yifeng; Liu, Shuangxi; Tan, Liming; Wang, Sanhu; Man, Rongyong

2017-01-01

Background Temporal lobe epilepsy is the second most common neurological disorders characterized by recurrent spontaneous seizures. MicroRNAs play a vital role in regulating synaptic plasticity, brain development and post-transcriptional expression of proteins. In both animal models of epilepsy and human patients, miR-134, a brain-specific microRNA has recently been identified as a potential regulator of epileptogenesis. Methods microRNA identified as targets for the actions of valproic acid (VPA) are known to have important effects in brain function. In this study, 59 new-onset epilepsy patients and 20 controls matched by sex and age were enrolled. Patients with a score < 3 were allocated into the mild group, 3-5 into the moderate group and >5 into the severe group. The plasma miRNA-134 level was quantitatively measured using real-time PCR. Results Plasma miRNA-134 level in new-onset epilepsy patients was significantly up-regulated when compared with that in healthy controls, and then considerably down-regulated after oral intake of valproic acid medication. The up-regulated plasma miRNA-134 levels may be directly associated with the pathophysiology and severity of epilepsy. Conclusion Plasma miRNA-134 in epilepsy may be considered as a potential peripheral biomarker that responds to the incidence of epilepsy and associates with use of anti-epilepsy drugs. PMID:29069823

Jueming prescription and its ingredients, semen cassiae and Rhizoma Curcumae Longae, stimulate lipolysis and enhance the phosphorylation of hormone‑sensitive lipase in cultured rat white adipose tissue.

PubMed

Zhang, Yue; Li, Jiaojiao; Wen, Xiuying

2017-11-01

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of jueming prescription (JMP) and its ingredients, semen cassiae (SC) and Rhizoma Curcumae Longae (RCL), on lipolysis, and to examine their effect on the phosphorylation of hormone‑sensitive lipase (HSL) in cultured rat white adipose tissue (WAT). Retroperitoneal WAT was aseptically excised from adult male Sprague‑Dawley rats, minced into uniform sections and subjected to ex vivo culture for 24 h. The tissue sections were then distributed into a 24‑well culture plate and treated with normal saline (vehicle), isoproterenol (ISO), JMP, SC and RCL. Non‑esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and glycerol release from the intact WAT explants were determined as a measurement of lipolysis, which were measured using NEFA and glycerol assay kits. The phosphorylation of HSL at Ser563 (P‑HSL S563) and 660 residues (P‑HSL S660) were determined using western blot analysis. The size of the adipocytes was visualized using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. It was found that JMP‑, SC‑ and RCL‑stimulated lipolysis was responsible for increasing the release of NEFAs and glycerol from the intact WAT in vitro. In addition, JMP, SC and RCL increased the levels of P‑HSL Ser563: JMP water (JW) extract, 3.52‑fold; JMP ethanol (JE) extract, 3.38‑fold; SC water (SW) extract, 4.60‑fold; SC ethanol (SE) extract, 4.20‑fold; RCL water (RW) extract, 6.98‑fold; RCL ethanol (RE) extract, 6.60‑fold. JMP, SC and RCL also increased the levels of P‑HSL Ser660: JW extract, 3.16‑fold; JE extract, 2.92‑fold; SW extract, 4.57‑fold; SE extract, 4.13‑fold; RW extract, 5.41‑fold; RE 4.96‑fold) in the WAT. The RW extract had the most marked effect. The HE staining revealed that JMP, SC and RCL reduced the size of adipocytes in the WAT. In conclusion, JMP and its ingredients, SC and RC, stimulated lipolysis and reduced the size of adipocytes, possibly via the phosphorylation of HSL in cultured rat WAT.

2-Amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole as a potential scaffold for promising antimicrobial agents.

PubMed

Serban, Georgeta; Stanasel, Oana; Serban, Eugenia; Bota, Sanda

2018-01-01

Pathogenic microorganisms are causative agents for different types of serious and even lethal infectious diseases. Despite advancements in medication, bacterial and fungal infections continue to be a growing problem in health care. As more and more bacteria become resistant to antibiotics used in therapy and an increasing number of invasive fungal species become resistant to current antifungal medications, there is considerable interest in the development of new compounds with antimicrobial activity. The compounds containing a heterocyclic ring play an important role among organic compounds with biological activity used as drugs in human and veterinary medicine or as insecticides and pesticides in agriculture. Thiadiazoles belong to the classes of nitrogen-sulfur heterocycles with extensive application as structural units of biologically active molecules and as useful intermediates in medicinal chemistry. The potency of the thiadiazole nucleus is demonstrated by the drugs currently used. 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles and some of their derivatives are extensively studied because of their broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. The aim of this review was to highlight the main antimicrobial properties exhibited by derivatives possessing 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole moiety. Many of the reported 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives can be considered as lead compounds for drug synthesis, and several of them have demonstrated higher antimicrobial activity in comparison to standard drugs. Furthermore, taking into account the reactivity of the amine group in the derivatization process, 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole moiety may be a good scaffold for future pharmacologically active 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives.

STS-134 Flight Controllers on Console - Launch.

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-16

JSC2011-E-044228 (16 May 2011) --- Flight director Tony Ceccacci is pictured at his console in the space shuttle flight control room in the Mission Control Center at NASA's Johnson Space Center during launch countdown activities a few hundred miles away in Florida, site of space shuttle Endeavour's STS-134 launch. Liftoff was at 8:56 a.m. (EDT) on May 16, 2011, from Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center. Photo credit: NASA

12 CFR 225.134 - Escrow arrangements involving bank stock resulting in a violation of the Bank Holding Company Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... resulting in a violation of the Bank Holding Company Act. 225.134 Section 225.134 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM BANK HOLDING COMPANIES AND CHANGE IN BANK CONTROL (REGULATION Y) Regulations Financial Holding Companies Interpretations § 225.134...

19 CFR 134.26 - Imported articles repacked or manipulated.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Imported articles repacked or manipulated. 134.26... articles repacked or manipulated. (a) Certification requirements. If an article subject to these... Customs custody, or if the port director having custody of the article, has reason to believe such article...

19 CFR 134.26 - Imported articles repacked or manipulated.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Imported articles repacked or manipulated. 134.26... articles repacked or manipulated. (a) Certification requirements. If an article subject to these... Customs custody, or if the port director having custody of the article, has reason to believe such article...

19 CFR 134.26 - Imported articles repacked or manipulated.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Imported articles repacked or manipulated. 134.26... articles repacked or manipulated. (a) Certification requirements. If an article subject to these... Customs custody, or if the port director having custody of the article, has reason to believe such article...

MicroRNA-134 regulates lung cancer cell H69 growth and apoptosis by targeting WWOX gene and suppressing the ERK1/2 signaling pathway

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen, Tianjun; Gao, Fei; Feng, Sifang

2015-08-28

MicroRNAs have been shown to act as crucial modulators during carcinogenesis. Recent studies have implied that miR-134 expression associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition phenotype and invasive potential of NSCLC cells. Our study investigated the pathogenic implications of miR-134 in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Overexpression or inhibition MiR-134 expression by miR-134 mimics or miR-134 inhibitors (anti-miR-134) in SCLC cell lines was detected using qRT-PCR. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, MTT assays and flow cytometry were performed in order to clarify the growth and apoptosis of SCLC cells which had been transfected with miR-134 mimics or anti-miR-134. WWOX expression in H69 cells wasmore » detected by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. The results showed that overexpression miR-134 was significantly promoting SCLC cells growth and inhibit its apoptosis. In addition, reduced miR-134 expression was significantly correlated with cell growth inhibition and apoptosis promotion. Furthermore, transfection of miR-134 mimics into the SCLC cells markedly down-regulated the level of WWOX, whereas, anti-miR-134 up-regulated WWOX expression. We also found that overexpression WWOX attenuate miR-134 induced H69 cells growth, and promote cell apoptosis. Moreover, miR-134 promoted cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis via the activation of ERK1/2 pathway. These findings suggest that miR-134 may be an ideal diagnostic and prognostic marker, and may be attributed to the molecular therapy of SCLC. - Highlights: • MiR-134 play roles in small cell lung cancer cell growth and apoptosis. • MiR-134 negative regulated the level of WWOX in H69 cells. • WWOX overexpression attenuate miR-134 induced H69 cells growth. • MiR-134 promotes cell growth via the activation of ERK1/2 pathway.« less

omega-Amino acid:pyruvate transaminase from Alcaligenes denitrificans Y2k-2: a new catalyst for kinetic resolution of beta-amino acids and amines.

PubMed

Yun, Hyungdon; Lim, Seongyop; Cho, Byung-Kwan; Kim, Byung-Gee

2004-04-01

Alcaligenes denitrificans Y2k-2 was obtained by selective enrichment followed by screening from soil samples, which showed omega-amino acid:pyruvate transaminase activity, to kinetically resolve aliphatic beta-amino acid, and the corresponding structural gene (aptA) was cloned. The gene was functionally expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 by using an isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG)-inducible pET expression system (9.6 U/mg), and the recombinant AptA was purified to show a specific activity of 77.2 U/mg for L-beta-amino-n-butyric acid (L-beta-ABA). The enzyme converts various beta-amino acids and amines to the corresponding beta-keto acids and ketones by using pyruvate as an amine acceptor. The apparent K(m) and V(max) for L-beta-ABA were 56 mM and 500 U/mg, respectively, in the presence of 10 mM pyruvate. In the presence of 10 mM L-beta-ABA, the apparent K(m) and V(max) for pyruvate were 11 mM and 370 U/mg, respectively. The enzyme exhibits high stereoselectivity (E > 80) in the kinetic resolution of 50 mM D,L-beta-ABA, producing optically pure D-beta-ABA (99% enantiomeric excess) with 53% conversion.

ω-Amino Acid:Pyruvate Transaminase from Alcaligenes denitrificans Y2k-2: a New Catalyst for Kinetic Resolution of β-Amino Acids and Amines

PubMed Central

Yun, Hyungdon; Lim, Seongyop; Cho, Byung-Kwan; Kim, Byung-Gee

2004-01-01

Alcaligenes denitrificans Y2k-2 was obtained by selective enrichment followed by screening from soil samples, which showed ω-amino acid:pyruvate transaminase activity, to kinetically resolve aliphatic β-amino acid, and the corresponding structural gene (aptA) was cloned. The gene was functionally expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 by using an isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG)-inducible pET expression system (9.6 U/mg), and the recombinant AptA was purified to show a specific activity of 77.2 U/mg for l-β-amino-n-butyric acid (l-β-ABA). The enzyme converts various β-amino acids and amines to the corresponding β-keto acids and ketones by using pyruvate as an amine acceptor. The apparent Km and Vmax for l-β-ABA were 56 mM and 500 U/mg, respectively, in the presence of 10 mM pyruvate. In the presence of 10 mM l-β-ABA, the apparent Km and Vmax for pyruvate were 11 mM and 370 U/mg, respectively. The enzyme exhibits high stereoselectivity (E > 80) in the kinetic resolution of 50 mM d,l-β-ABA, producing optically pure d-β-ABA (99% enantiomeric excess) with 53% conversion. PMID:15066855

7 CFR 42.134 - Disposition of rejected portions of production.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Section 42.134 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COMMODITY STANDARDS AND STANDARD CONTAINER REGULATIONS STANDARDS FOR CONDITION OF FOOD CONTAINERS On-Line Sampling and Inspection Procedures...

STS-134 crew during PDRS PRF ADV (AMS) traiining

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-03-23

JSC2011-E-028160 (23 March 2011) --- NASA astronauts Greg H. Johnson (right), STS-134 pilot; and Greg Chamitoff, mission specialist, are pictured during an exercise in the systems engineering simulator in the Avionics Systems Laboratory at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

29 CFR 4.134 - Contracts outside the Act's coverage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... McNamara-O'Hara Service Contract Act Particular Application of Contract Coverage Principles § 4.134... financial assistance may be provided for such contracts under Federal law or the terms and conditions specified in Federal law may govern the award and operation of the contract. (b) Further, as already noted...

13 CFR 134.805 - After the appeal petition is filed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... § 134.805 After the appeal petition is filed. (a) The AA/OHA will assign a Judge to adjudicate the case. If mediation is requested or offered, the AA/OHA will assign a different person to mediate the case...

13 CFR 134.805 - After the appeal petition is filed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... § 134.805 After the appeal petition is filed. (a) The AA/OHA will assign a Judge to adjudicate the case. If mediation is requested or offered, the AA/OHA will assign a different person to mediate the case...

13 CFR 134.805 - After the appeal petition is filed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... § 134.805 After the appeal petition is filed. (a) The AA/OHA will assign a Judge to adjudicate the case. If mediation is requested or offered, the AA/OHA will assign a different person to mediate the case...

13 CFR 134.805 - After the appeal petition is filed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... § 134.805 After the appeal petition is filed. (a) The AA/OHA will assign a Judge to adjudicate the case. If mediation is requested or offered, the AA/OHA will assign a different person to mediate the case...

Synthesis and anticancer evaluation of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, 1,3,4-thiadiazoles, 1,2,4-triazoles and Mannich bases.

PubMed

Megally Abdo, Nadia Youssef; Kamel, Mona Monir

2015-01-01

A series of 5-(pyridin-4-yl)-N-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amines (3a-d), 5-(pyridin-4-yl)-N-substituted-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amines (4a-d) and 5-(pyridin-4-yl)-4-substituted-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones (5a-d) were obtained by the cyclization of hydrazinecarbothioamide derivatives 2a-d derived from isonicotinic acid hydrazide. Aminoalkylation of compounds 5a-d with formaldehyde and various secondary amines furnished the Mannich bases 6a-p. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed on the basis of their spectral data and elemental analyses. All the compounds were screened for their in vitro anticancer activity against six human cancer cell lines and normal fibroblast cells. Sixteen of the tested compounds exhibited significant cytotoxicity against most cell lines. Among these derivatives, the Mannich bases 6j, 6m and 6p were found to exhibit the most potent activity. The Mannich base 6m showed more potent cytotoxic activity against gastric cancer NUGC (IC50=0.021 µM) than the standard CHS 828 (IC50=0.025 µM). Normal fibroblast cells WI38 were affected to a much lesser extent (IC50>10 µM).

Shrimp hemocyte homeostasis-associated protein (PmHHAP) interacts with WSSV134 to control apoptosis in white spot syndrome virus infection.

PubMed

Apitanyasai, Kantamas; Amparyup, Piti; Charoensapsri, Walaiporn; Sangsuriya, Pakkakul; Tassanakajon, Anchalee

2018-05-01

Hemocyte homeostasis-associated protein (PmHHAP) was first identified as a viral-responsive gene, due to a high upregulation in transcription following white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. Functional studies using RNA interference have suggested that PmHHAP is involved in hemocyte homeostasis by controlling apoptosis during WSSV infection. In this study, the role of PmHHAP in host-viral interactions was further investigated. Yeast two-hybrid assay and co-immunoprecipitation revealed that PmHHAP binds to an anti-apoptosis protein, WSSV134. The viral protein WSSV134 is a late protein of WSSV, expressed 24 h post infection (hpi). Gene silencing of WSSV134 in WSSV-infected shrimp resulted in a reduction of the expression level of the viral replication marker genes VP28, wsv477, and ie-1, which suggests that WSSV134 is likely involved in viral propagation. However, co-silencing of PmHHAP and WSSV134 counteracted the effects on WSSV infection, which implies the importance of the host-pathogen interaction between PmHHAP and WSSV134 in WSSV infection. In addition, caspase 3/7 activity was noticeably induced in the PmHHAP and WSSV134 co-silenced shrimp upon WSSV infection. Moreover, PmHHAP and WSSV134 inhibited caspase-induced activation of PmCasp in vitro in a non-competitive manner. Taken together, these results suggest that PmHHAP and WSSV134 play a role in the host-pathogen interaction and work concordantly to control apoptosis in WSSV infection. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Component-wise exergy and energy analysis of vapor compression refrigeration system using mixture of R134a and LPG as refrigerant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gill, Jatinder; Singh, Jagdev

2018-05-01

In this work, the experimental examination was carried out using a mixture of R134a and LPG refrigerant (consisting of R134a and LPG in a proportion of 28:72 by weight) as a replacement for R134a in a vapor compression refrigeration system. Exergy and energy tests were carried out at different evaporator and condenser temperatures with controlled environmental conditions. The results showed that the exergy destruction in the compressor, condenser, evaporator, and a capillary tube of the R134a / LPG refrigeration system was found lower by approximately 11.13-3.41%, 2.24-3.43%, 12.02-13.47% and 1.54-5.61% respectively. The compressor exhibits the highest level of destruction, accompanied by a condenser, an evaporator and a capillary tube in refrigeration systems. The refrigeration capacity, COP and power consumption of the compressor of the R134a /LPG refrigeration system were detected higher and lower compared to the R134a refrigeration system by about 7.04-11.41%, 15.1-17.82%, and 3.83-8.08% respectively. Also, the miscibility of R134a and LPG blend with mineral oil discovered good. The R134a and LPG refrigerant mixture proposed in this study perform superior to R134a from component-wise exergy and energy analyses under similar experimental conditions.

17 CFR 1.34 - Monthly record, “point balance”.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... REGULATIONS UNDER THE COMMODITY EXCHANGE ACT Recordkeeping § 1.34 Monthly record, “point balance”. (a) Each... statement commonly known as a “point balance,” which accrues or brings to the official closing price, or... contracts long and short in the customers' accounts are in balance with those in the carrying futures...

17 CFR 1.34 - Monthly record, “point balance”.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... REGULATIONS UNDER THE COMMODITY EXCHANGE ACT Recordkeeping § 1.34 Monthly record, “point balance”. (a) Each... statement commonly known as a “point balance,” which accrues or brings to the official closing price, or... contracts long and short in the customers' accounts are in balance with those in the carrying futures...

[Lens luxation in dogs: a retrospective study of 134 dogs (2000-2011)].

PubMed

Betschart; Hässig; Spiess

2014-03-01

This retrospective study evaluated cases of lens luxation in dogs that were documented at the University of Zurich Veterinary Teaching Hospital between 2000 and 2011. A total 134 dogs were included in the study. This population of dogs with lens luxation represents 0.41 % of all dogs presented to the Zurich Veterinary Teaching Hospital (32'523) and 3.02 % of all dogs presented to the ophthalmology service during the same time period. The 134 dogs represented over 40 different breeds, including mixed breeds. 63 of the dogs were male, 71 were female. The 134 dogs were divided in primary lens luxation (86 of the 134 dogs, 64 %) and secondary lens luxation (48 dogs, 36 %). The most frequent causes for secondary lens luxation were glaucoma (58 %), cataract (19 %) and trauma (17 %). This study shows the predisposition for primary lens luxations in terrier breeds, Chinese Crested dogs, Pinscher and Spitz. In contrast, Siberian Huskies, Basset Hounds, Bearded Collies, Cairn Terriers, mixed breed dogs, Bolonka Zwetna, Boston Terriers, Borzoi, Doberman, Eurasian, Leonberg, Luzerner Niederlaufhund and Weimaraner suffered significantly more often from secondary lens luxation. There was no sex predilection for primary or secondary lens luxation. Dogs with primary lens luxation were on average 7.39 ± 3.02 years old, which is significantly younger than the dogs with secondary lens luxation (9.12 ± 3.38 years). Dogs with primary lens luxation showed a significantly higher rate of a bilateral development than those with secondary lens luxation (85.5 % of the dogs with primary lens luxation and only 14.5 % of the dogs with secondary lens luxation showed it in both their eyes).

42 CFR 483.134 - Evaluating whether an individual with mental illness requires specialized services (PASARR/MI).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... illness requires specialized services (PASARR/MI). 483.134 Section 483.134 Public Health CENTERS FOR... illness requires specialized services (PASARR/MI). (a) Purpose. The purpose of this section is to identify... this part, needs a specialized services program for mental illness as defined in § 483.120. (b) Data...

42 CFR 483.134 - Evaluating whether an individual with mental illness requires specialized services (PASARR/MI).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... illness requires specialized services (PASARR/MI). 483.134 Section 483.134 Public Health CENTERS FOR... illness requires specialized services (PASARR/MI). (a) Purpose. The purpose of this section is to identify... this part, needs a specialized services program for mental illness as defined in § 483.120. (b) Data...

Munc13-4 functions as a Ca2+ sensor for homotypic secretory granule fusion to generate endosomal exocytic vacuoles

PubMed Central

Woo, Sang Su; James, Declan J.; Martin, Thomas F. J.

2017-01-01

Munc13-4 is a Ca2+-dependent SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide–sensitive factor attachment protein receptor)- and phospholipid-binding protein that localizes to and primes secretory granules (SGs) for Ca2+-evoked secretion in various secretory cells. Studies in mast cell–like RBL-2H3 cells provide direct evidence that Munc13–4 with its two Ca2+-binding C2 domains functions as a Ca2+ sensor for SG exocytosis. Unexpectedly, Ca2+ stimulation also generated large (>2.4 μm in diameter) Munc13-4+/Rab7+/Rab11+ endosomal vacuoles. Vacuole generation involved the homotypic fusion of Munc13-4+/Rab7+ SGs, followed by a merge with Rab11+ endosomes, and depended on Ca2+ binding to Munc13-4. Munc13-4 promoted the Ca2+-stimulated fusion of VAMP8-containing liposomes with liposomes containing exocytic or endosomal Q-SNAREs and directly interacted with late endosomal SNARE complexes. Thus Munc13-4 is a tethering/priming factor and Ca2+ sensor for both heterotypic SG-plasma membrane and homotypic SG-SG fusion. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy imaging revealed that vacuoles were exocytic and mediated secretion of β-hexosaminidase and cytokines accompanied by Munc13-4 diffusion onto the plasma membrane. The results provide new molecular insights into the mechanism of multigranular compound exocytosis commonly observed in various secretory cells. PMID:28100639

Dengue and Zika viruses subvert reticulophagy by NS2B3-mediated cleavage of FAM134B.

PubMed

Lennemann, Nicholas J; Coyne, Carolyn B

2017-02-01

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is exploited by several diverse viruses during their infectious life cycles. Flaviviruses, including dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV), utilize the ER as a source of membranes to establish their replication organelles and to facilitate their assembly and eventual maturation along the secretory pathway. To maintain normal homeostasis, host cells have evolved highly efficient processes to dynamically regulate the ER, such as through reticulophagy, a selective form of autophagy that leads to ER degradation. Here, we identify the ER-localized reticulophagy receptor FAM134B as a host cell restriction factor for both DENV and ZIKV. We show that RNAi-mediated depletion of FAM134B significantly enhances both DENV and ZIKV replication at an early stage of the viral life cycle. Consistent with its role as an antiviral host factor, we found that several flaviviruses including DENV, ZIKV, and West Nile virus (WNV), utilize their NS3 virally-encoded proteases to directly cleave FAM134B at a single site within its reticulon homology domain (RHD). Mechanistically, we show that NS3-mediated cleavage of FAM134B blocks the formation of ER and viral protein-enriched autophagosomes, suggesting that the cleavage of FAM134B serves to specifically suppress the reticulophagy pathway. These findings thus point to an important role for FAM134B and reticulophagy in the regulation of flavivirus infection and suggest that these viruses specifically target these pathways to promote viral replication.

12 CFR 204.134 - Linked time deposits and transaction accounts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... RESERVE SYSTEM RESERVE REQUIREMENTS OF DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS (REGULATION D) Interpretations § 204.134...) establishes general reserve requirements on transaction accounts and nonpersonal time deposits. Under section... other than to allow the payment of higher interest through the avoidance of reserve requirements. As the...

13 CFR 134.704 - What are the effects of the appeal on the procurement at issue?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Appeals From Women-Owned Small Business Concern (WOSB) and Economically Disadvantaged WOSB Concern (EDWOSB... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What are the effects of the appeal on the procurement at issue? 134.704 Section 134.704 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS...

13 CFR 134.707 - When does the D/GC transmit the protest file and to whom?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Appeals From Women-Owned Small Business Concern (WOSB) and Economically Disadvantaged WOSB Concern (EDWOSB... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false When does the D/GC transmit the protest file and to whom? 134.707 Section 134.707 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS...

Efficacy of polysaccharide from Alcaligenes xylosoxidans MSA3 administration as protection against γ-radiation in female rats

PubMed Central

Hassan, Amal I.; Ghoneim, Mona A. M.; Mahmoud, Manal G.; Asker, Mohsen M. S.; Mohamed, Saher S.

2016-01-01

Damage to normal tissues is a consequence of both therapeutic and accidental exposures to ionizing radiation. A water-soluble heteropolysaccharide called AXEPS, composed of glucose, galactose, rhamnose and glucouronic acid in a molar ratio of nearly 1.0:1.6:0.4:2.3, respectively, was isolated from culture medium of strain Alcaligenes xylosoxidans MSA3 by ethanol precipitation followed by freeze-drying. Chemical analysis, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and chromatographic studies revealed that the molecular weight was 1.6 × 104 g mol−1. This study was designed to investigate the radioprotective and biological effects of AXEPS in alleviating the toxicity of ionizing radiation in female albino rats. A total of 32 female albino rats were divided into four groups. In the control group, rats were administered vehicle by tube for four weeks. The second group was administered AXEPS (100 mg/kg) orally by gavage for four weeks. Animals in the third group were exposed to whole-body γ-rays (5 Gy) and remained for 2 weeks without treatment. The fourth group received AXEPS (100 mg/kg) orally by gavage for two weeks before being exposed to whole-body γ-rays (5 Gy), then 24 h post γ-rays, they received AXEPS (100 mg/kg) in a treatment continuing till the end of the experiment (15 days after the whole–body γ-irradiation). Oral administration of AXEPS (100 mg/kg) significantly reversed the oxidative stress effects of radiation, as evidenced by the decrease in DNA damage in the bone marrow. Assessment of apoptosis and cell proliferation markers revealed that caspase-3 significantly increased in the irradiated group. Moreover, a significant decrease in the hematological constituents of peripheral blood, the chemotactic index and CD8+ T cells were observed in animals in the irradiation-only group, whereas an increase in the lymphocyte index was observed in animals in that group. In contrast, AXEPS treatment prevented these alterations. From our results, we conclude that

10 CFR 455.134 - Forwarding of applications for State grants for technical assistance, program assistance, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Forwarding of applications for State grants for technical assistance, program assistance, and marketing. 455.134 Section 455.134 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION GRANT PROGRAMS FOR SCHOOLS AND HOSPITALS AND BUILDINGS OWNED BY UNITS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC CARE INSTITUTIONS State...

Cell death features induced in Leishmania major by 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives.

PubMed

Ardestani, Sussan K; Poorrajab, Fatemeh; Razmi, Sepideh; Foroumadi, Alireza; Ajdary, Soheila; Gharegozlou, Behnaz; Behrouzi-Fardmoghadam, Mina; Shafiee, Abbas

2012-10-01

Under a variety of stress conditions, Leishmania species display some morphological and biochemical features characteristic of mammalian programmed cell death or necrosis. Nitroheteroaryl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles induce cell death in Leishmania major (L. major). Putative mechanisms of action of these compounds were investigated in vitro at cellular and molecular levels. We used colorimetric assay to measure acid phosphatase activity which is an indicator of cell viability in the promastigotes. The mode of toxicity was determined by detection of phosphatidylserine translocation to the surface, evaluation of cell membrane integrity, and in situ dUTP nick end-labeling assay. We also determined poly-ADP-ribose polymerase-like protein (PARP) level in the parasites after treatment. A significant reduction of acid phosphatase level, one of the most crucial and virulent factors of the parasite was found in parasites treated with 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives. In addition, 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives induced loss of plasma membrane integrity, DNA breakage, proteolysis of PARP and necrotic-like death in the parasites. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Searches for double beta decay of Xe 134 with EXO-200

DOE PAGES

Albert, J. B.; Anton, G.; Badhrees, I.; ...

2017-11-03

Searches for double beta decay of 134Xe were performed with EXO-200, a single-phase liquid xenon detector designed to search for neutrinoless double beta decay of 136Xe. Using an exposure of 29.6 kg ∙ yr , the lower limits of Tmore » $$2νββ\\atop{1/2}$$ > 8.7 × 10 20 yr and T$$0νββ\\atop{1/2}$$ > 1.1 × 10 23 yr at 90% confidence level were derived, with corresponding half-life sensitivities of 1.2 × 10 21 yr and 1.9 × 10 23 yr . In conclusion, these limits exceed those in the literature for 134 Xe , improving by factors of nearly 10 5 and 2 for the two antineutrino and neutrinoless modes, respectively.« less

Detection of nitric oxide in the dark cloud L134N

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcgonagle, D.; Irvine, W. M.; Minh, Y. C.; Ziurys, L. M.

1990-01-01

The first detection of interstellar nitric oxide (NO) in a cold dark cloud, L134N is reported. Nitric oxide was observed by means of its two 2 Pi 1/2, J = 3/2 - 1/2, rotational transitions at 150.2 and 150.5 GHz, which occur because of Lambda-doubling. The inferred column density for L134N is about 5 x 10 to the 14th/sq cm toward the SO peak in that cloud. This value corresponds to a fractional abundance relative to molecular hydrogen of about 6 x 10 to the -8th and is in good agreement with predictions of quiescent cloud ion-molecule chemistry. NO was not detected toward the dark cloud TMC-1 at an upper limit of 3 x 10 to the -8th or less.

Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of spin-glass material DyNi 0.67Si 1.34

DOE PAGES

Chen, X.; Mudryk, Y.; Pathak, A. K.; ...

2017-04-18

Structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of DyNi 0.67Si 1.34 were investigated using X-ray powder diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, and magnetization measurements. X-ray powder diffraction pattern shows that DyNi 0.67Si 1.34 crystallizes in the AlB 2-type hexagonal structure (space group: P6/ mmm, No. 191, a = b = 3.9873(9) Å, and c = 3.9733(1) Å). The compound is a spin-glass with the freezing temperature TG = 6.2 K. The ac magnetic susceptibility measurements confirm magnetic frustration in DyNi 0.67Si 1.34. Furthermore, the maximum value of the magnetic entropy change determined from M(H) data is –16.1 J/kg K at 10.5 K for amore » field change of 70 kOe.« less

Intermittent Administration of Parathyroid Hormone [1-34] Prevents Particle-Induced Periprosthetic Osteolysis in a Rat Model.

PubMed

Bi, Fanggang; Shi, Zhongli; Zhou, Chenhe; Liu, An; Shen, Yue; Yan, Shigui

2015-01-01

We examined whether intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone [1-34] (PTH[1-34]; 60 μg/kg/day) can prevent the negative effects of titanium (Ti) particles on implant fixation and periprosthetic osteolysis in a rat model. Eighteen adult male rats (12 weeks old, bones still growing) received intramedullary Ti implants in their bilateral femurs; 6 rats from the blank group received vehicle injections, and 12 rats from the control group and PTH treatment group received Ti particle injections at the time of operation and intra-articular injections 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively. Six of the rats that received Ti particles from the PTH group also received PTH[1-34] treatment. Six weeks postoperatively, all specimens were collected for assessment by X-ray, micro-CT, biomechanical, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic histomorphometry. A lower BMD, BV/TV, Tb.N, maximal fixation strength, and mineral apposition rate were observed in the control group compared to the blank group, demonstrating that a periprosthetic osteolysis model had been successfully established. Administration of PTH[1-34] significantly increased the bone mineral density of the distal femur, BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Th, Tb.Sp, Con.D, SMI, and maximal fixation strength in the PTH group compared to that in the control group. SEM revealed higher bone-implant contact, thicker lamellar bone, and larger trabecular bone area in the PTH group than in the control group. A higher mineral apposition rate was observed in the PTH group compared to both the blank and control groups. These findings imply that intermittent administration of PTH[1-34] prevents periprosthetic osteolysis by promoting bone formation. The effects of PTH[1-34] were evaluated at a suprapharmacological dosage to the human equivalent in rats; therefore, additional studies are required to demonstrate its therapeutic potential in periprosthetic osteolysis.

Munc13-4 functions as a Ca2+ sensor for homotypic secretory granule fusion to generate endosomal exocytic vacuoles.

PubMed

Woo, Sang Su; James, Declan J; Martin, Thomas F J

2017-03-15

Munc13-4 is a Ca 2+ -dependent SNARE (soluble N -ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor)- and phospholipid-binding protein that localizes to and primes secretory granules (SGs) for Ca 2+ -evoked secretion in various secretory cells. Studies in mast cell-like RBL-2H3 cells provide direct evidence that Munc13-4 with its two Ca 2+ -binding C2 domains functions as a Ca 2+ sensor for SG exocytosis. Unexpectedly, Ca 2+ stimulation also generated large (>2.4 μm in diameter) Munc13-4 + /Rab7 + /Rab11 + endosomal vacuoles. Vacuole generation involved the homotypic fusion of Munc13-4 + /Rab7 + SGs, followed by a merge with Rab11 + endosomes, and depended on Ca 2+ binding to Munc13-4. Munc13-4 promoted the Ca 2+ -stimulated fusion of VAMP8-containing liposomes with liposomes containing exocytic or endosomal Q-SNAREs and directly interacted with late endosomal SNARE complexes. Thus Munc13-4 is a tethering/priming factor and Ca 2+ sensor for both heterotypic SG-plasma membrane and homotypic SG-SG fusion. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy imaging revealed that vacuoles were exocytic and mediated secretion of β-hexosaminidase and cytokines accompanied by Munc13-4 diffusion onto the plasma membrane. The results provide new molecular insights into the mechanism of multigranular compound exocytosis commonly observed in various secretory cells. © 2017 Woo et al. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0).

Induction of immune-related gene expression in Ctenopharyngodon idella kidney cells by secondary metabolites from immunostimulatory Alcaligenes faecalis FY-3.

PubMed

Wu, Z-F; Liu, G-L; Zhou, Z; Wang, G-X; Xia, L; Liu, J-L

2012-08-01

This study was undertaken to isolate active secondary metabolites from immunostimulatory Alcaligenes faecalis FY-3 and evaluate their activities using grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella kidney (CIK) cells. By applying chromatography techniques and successive recrystallization, three purified metabolites were obtained and identified by spectral data (mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance) as: (1) phenylacetic acid, (2) p-hydroxyphenylacetylamide and (3) cyclo-(Gly-(L)-Pro). CIK cells were stimulated by different concentrations (1, 10 and 100 μg/ml) of the isolated compounds, and expression of MyD88, IL-1β, TNF-α, type I-IFN and IL-8 genes at different time points (2, 8 and 24 h) post-stimulation was quantified by real-time PCR. The known immunostimulatory agent lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used as a positive control. To analyse whether these compounds are toxic to the cells, the methyl tetrazolium assay was employed to measure changes in cell viability. The obtained results revealed that transcribing level of MyD88, an important adaptor molecule in toll-like receptor signalling pathway, was augmented remarkably by all the three isolated compounds and LPS as early as 2-h exposure. These compounds also induced gene expression of cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α and type I-IFN. Under the experimental conditions, none of the test compounds is toxic to the CIK cells. These findings demonstrate that the immunostimulatory properties of the three metabolites [phenylacetic acid, p-hydroxyphenylacetylamide and cyclo-(Gly-(L)-Pro)] from A. faecalis FY-3 in CIK cells and highlight the potential of using these metabolites as immunostimulants in fish aquaculture. © 2012 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Substituent effect on photophysical properties of bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives in solution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Fangyi; Tian, Taiji; Zhao, Chengxiao; Bai, Binglian; Li, Min; Wang, Haitao

2016-04-01

A series of phenyl substituted bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives were designed and synthesized; the effect of substituent on the photophysical properties and molecular electronic structures was fully studied by the combination of experimental techniques and theoretical calculations. Compared to parent compound without any substituent (BOXD), fluoro-substituent shows little effect on the absorption and emission spectra, whilst a little larger spectral red-shift could be observed for methoxy-, nitro-substituted derivatives and thienyl-substituted bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole (TBOXD). These spectral changes can be well explained by theoretically calculated HOMO and LUMO energy level changes. All these molecules show high fluorescence quantum yield except for nitro-substituted derivative in dilute solutions. The quantum yield of BOXD changes with the concentration and exhibits a high value at the concentrated solution. This work revealed the influence of substituent on the photophysical properties of bi-1,3,4-oxadizaole derivatives in dilute solutions and provided guidance for designing molecules with potential application.

R-134a (1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane) Inhalation Induced Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome.

PubMed

Doshi, Viral; Kham, Nang; Kulkarni, Shreedhar; Kapitan, Kent; Henkle, Joseph; White, Peter

2016-01-01

R-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane) is widely used as a refrigerant and as an aerosol propellant. Inhalation of R-134a can lead to asphyxia, transient confusion, and cardiac arrhythmias. We report a case of reactive airways dysfunction syndrome secondary to R-134a inhalation. A 60-year-old nonsmoking man without a history of lung disease was exposed to an air conditioner refrigerant spill while performing repairs beneath a school bus. Afterward, he experienced worsening shortness of breath with minimal exertion, a productive cough, and wheezing. He was also hypoxic. He was admitted to the hospital for further evaluation. Spirometry showed airflow obstruction with an FEV1 1.97 L (45% predicted). His respiratory status improved with bronchodilators and oral steroids. A repeat spirometry 2 weeks later showed improvement with an FEV1 2.5 L (60% predicted). Six months after the incident, his symptoms had improved, but he was still having shortness of breath on exertion and occasional cough.

K-134, a Phosphodiesterase 3 Inhibitor, Prevents Brain Damage by Inhibiting Thrombus Formation in a Rat Cerebral Infarction Model

PubMed Central

Yoshida, Hideo; Ashikawa, Yuka; Itoh, Shinsuke; Nakagawa, Takashi; Asanuma, Akimune; Tanabe, Sohei; Inoue, Yoshihiro; Hidaka, Hiroyoshi

2012-01-01

Background K-134 is a more potent antiplatelet drug with a selective inhibitory effect on phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) compared with its analogue, cilostazol. Objectives This study was performed to compare the ameliorating effects of K-134 and cilostazol on brain damage in an experimental photothrombotic cerebral infarction model. Methods and Results We investigated the effects of oral preadministration of PDE3 inhibitors in a rat stroke model established by photothrombotic middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. K-134 significantly prolonged MCA occlusion time at doses >10 mg/kg, and reduced cerebral infarct size at 30 mg/kg in the stroke model (n = 12, 87.5±5.6 vs. 126.8±7.5 mm3, P<0.01), indicating its potent antithrombotic effect. On the other hand, the effects of cilostazol on MCA occlusion time and cerebral infarct size are relatively weak even at the high dosage of 300 mg/kg. Furthermore, K-134 blocked rat platelet aggregation more potently than cilostazol in vitro. Also in an arteriovenous shunt thrombosis model, K-134 showed an antithrombotic effect greater than cilostazol. Conclusions These findings suggest that K-134, which has strong antithrombotic activity, is a promising drug for prevention of cerebral infarction associated with platelet hyperaggregability. PMID:23110051

K-134, a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, prevents brain damage by inhibiting thrombus formation in a rat cerebral infarction model.

PubMed

Yoshida, Hideo; Ashikawa, Yuka; Itoh, Shinsuke; Nakagawa, Takashi; Asanuma, Akimune; Tanabe, Sohei; Inoue, Yoshihiro; Hidaka, Hiroyoshi

2012-01-01

K-134 is a more potent antiplatelet drug with a selective inhibitory effect on phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) compared with its analogue, cilostazol. This study was performed to compare the ameliorating effects of K-134 and cilostazol on brain damage in an experimental photothrombotic cerebral infarction model. We investigated the effects of oral preadministration of PDE3 inhibitors in a rat stroke model established by photothrombotic middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. K-134 significantly prolonged MCA occlusion time at doses >10 mg/kg, and reduced cerebral infarct size at 30 mg/kg in the stroke model (n = 12, 87.5±5.6 vs. 126.8±7.5 mm(3), P<0.01), indicating its potent antithrombotic effect. On the other hand, the effects of cilostazol on MCA occlusion time and cerebral infarct size are relatively weak even at the high dosage of 300 mg/kg. Furthermore, K-134 blocked rat platelet aggregation more potently than cilostazol in vitro. Also in an arteriovenous shunt thrombosis model, K-134 showed an antithrombotic effect greater than cilostazol. These findings suggest that K-134, which has strong antithrombotic activity, is a promising drug for prevention of cerebral infarction associated with platelet hyperaggregability.

Physical properties of 134 soils in six northeastern states

Treesearch

A. R. Eschner; B. O. Jones; R. C. Moyle

1957-01-01

From June 1954 to July 1955 the Vicksburg Infiltration Project collected and analyzed samples from 134 sites in six Northeastern States; the samples included 79 soil series and 114 soil types. This work was done to supply the U. S. Army with information needed for specialized research on military traffic ability. The basic data are herein presented because of their...

Preparation and in vivo evaluation of an orally available enteric-microencapsulated parathyroid hormone (1-34)-deoxycholic acid nanocomplex

PubMed Central

Hwang, Seung Rim; Seo, Dong-Hyun; Byun, Youngro; Park, Jin Woo

2016-01-01

The N-terminal 34-amino-acid peptide fragment of human parathyroid hormone PTH (1-34), is used clinically to treat osteoporosis; however, it is currently administered by a once-daily subcutaneous injection, resulting in poor patient compliance. We have developed enteric microcapsules containing an ionic nanocomplex between PTH (1-34) and lysine-linked deoxycholic acid (LysDOCA) for the oral delivery of PTH (1-34). We measured the particle size of the PTH/LysDOCA complex and assessed its biological activity by determining the cAMP content in MC3T3-E1 cells. We also assessed its permeability across a Caco-2 cell monolayer and the bioavailability of the intrajejunally administered PTH/LysDOCA complex compared with PTH (1-34) in rats. In addition, the antiosteoporotic activity of the PTH/LysDOCA complex, encapsulated in an enteric carrier by coaxial ultrasonic atomization, was evaluated after it was orally administered to ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The formation of an ionic complex between PTH (1-34) and LysDOCA produced nanoparticles of diameter 33.0±3.36 nm, and the bioactivity of the complex was comparable with that of PTH (1-34). The Caco-2 cell permeability and AUClast value of the PTH/LysDOCA (1:10) nanocomplex increased by 2.87- and 16.3-fold, respectively, compared with PTH (1-34) alone. Furthermore, the OVX rats treated with oral PTH/LysDOCA-loaded enteric microcapsules showed an increase in bone mineral density (159%), bone volume fraction (175%), and trabecular number (174%) compared with those in the OVX control group. Therefore, the PTH/LysDOCA nanocomplex oral delivery system is a promising treatment modality for osteoporosis because it improves osteogenesis and trabecular connectivity. PMID:27621618

Investigating the Limitations of Advanced Design Methods through Real World Application

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-31

36 War Room Laptop Display ( MySQL , JMP 9 Pro, 64-bit Windows) Georgia Tech Secure Collaborative Visualization Environment ( MySQL , JMP 9 Pro...investigate expanding the EA for VC3ATS • Would like to consider both an expansion of the use of current Java -based BPM approach and other potential EA

Mitoprotective antioxidant EUK-134 stimulates fatty acid oxidation and prevents hypertrophy in H9C2 cells.

PubMed

Purushothaman, Sreeja; Nair, R Renuka

2016-09-01

Oxidative stress is an important contributory factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases like hypertension-induced hypertrophy. Mitochondrion is the major source of reactive oxygen species. Hence, protecting mitochondria from oxidative damage can be an effective therapeutic strategy for the prevention of hypertensive heart disease. Conventional antioxidants are not likely to be cardioprotective, as they cannot protect mitochondria from oxidative damage. EUK-134 is a salen-manganese complex with superoxide dismutase and catalase activity. The possible role of EUK-134, a mitoprotective antioxidant, in the prevention of hypertrophy of H9C2 cells was examined. The cells were stimulated with phenylephrine (50 μM), and hypertrophy was assessed based on cell volume and expression of brain natriuretic peptide and calcineurin. Enhanced myocardial lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl content, accompanied by nuclear factor-kappa B gene expression, confirmed the presence of oxidative stress in hypertrophic cells. Metabolic shift was evident from reduction in the expression of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. Mitochondrial oxidative stress was confirmed by the reduced expression of mitochondria-specific antioxidant peroxiredoxin-3 and enhanced mitochondrial superoxide production. Compromised mitochondrial function was apparent from reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Pretreatment with EUK-134 (10 μM) was effective in the prevention of hypertrophic changes in H9C2 cells, reduction of oxidative stress, and prevention of metabolic shift. EUK-134 treatment improved the oxidative status of mitochondria and reversed hypertrophy-induced reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential. Supplementation with EUK-134 is therefore identified as a novel approach to attenuate cardiac hypertrophy and lends scope for the development of EUK-134 as a therapeutic agent in the management of human cardiovascular disease.

Different patterns of supramolecular assembly in constitutionally similar 6-arylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles.

PubMed

Praveen, Aletti S; Yathirajan, Hemmige S; Kaur, Manpreet; Narayana, Badiadka; Hosten, Eric C; Betz, Richard; Glidewell, Christopher

2014-09-01

Four imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles containing a simply-substituted 6-aryl group have been synthesized by reaction of 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles with bromoacetylarenes using microwave irradiation and brief reaction times. 6-(2-Chlorophenyl)imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole, C(10)H(6)ClN(3)S, (I), 6-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole, C(11)H(8)ClN(3)S, (II), 6-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole, C(10)H(5)Cl(2)N(3)S, (III), and 6-(4-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole, C(12)H(10)FN(3)OS, (IV), crystallize with Z' values of 2, 1, 1 and 2 respectively. The molecular skeletons are all nearly planar and the dihedral angles between the imidazole and aryl rings are 1.51 (8) and 7.28 (8)° in (I), 9.65 (7)° in (II), 10.44 (8)° in (III), and 1.05 (8) and 7.21 (8)° in (IV). The molecules in (I) are linked by three independent C-H...N hydrogen bonds to form ribbons containing alternating R2(2)(8) and R4(4)(18) rings, and these ribbons are linked into a three-dimensional array by three independent π-stacking interactions. Both (II) and (III) contain centrosymmetric dimers formed by π-stacking interactions but hydrogen bonds are absent, and the molecules of (IV) are linked into centrosymmetric R2(2)(8) dimers by C-H...N hydrogen bonds. Comparisons are made with a number of related compounds.

STS-134 crew during food tasting session in JSC Food Lab.

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-05-25

JSC2010-E-087706 (25 May 2010) --- NASA astronaut Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander, participates in a food tasting session in the Habitability and Environmental Factors Office at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

STS-134 crew during food tasting session in JSC Food Lab.

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-05-25

JSC2010-E-087713 (25 May 2010) --- NASA astronaut Mark Kelly, STS-134 commander, participates in a food tasting session in the Habitability and Environmental Factors Office at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

High Resolution Far Infrared Spectroscopy of HFC-134a at Cold Temperatures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wong, Andy; Medcraft, Chris; Thompson, Christopher; Robertson, Evan Gary; Appadoo, Dominique; McNaughton, Don

2016-06-01

Since the signing of the Montreal protocol, long-lived chlorofluorocarbons have been banned due to their high ozone depleting potential. In order to minimise the effect of such molecules, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) were synthesized as replacement molecules to be used as refrigerants and foam blowing agents. HFC-134a, or 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, is one of these molecules. Although HFCs do not cause ozone depletion, they are typically strong absorbers within the 10 micron atmospheric window, which lead to high global warming potentials. A high resolution FT-IR analysis of the νb{8} band (near 665 wn) of HFC-134a has been performed to help understand the intermode coupling between the νb{8} vibrational state and unobserved dark states.

STS-134 crew during PDRS PRF ADV (AMS) traiining

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-03-23

JSC2011-E-028161 (23 March 2011) --- NASA astronauts Greg Chamitoff (foreground), STS-134 mission specialist; and Greg H. Johnson, pilot, participate in an exercise in the systems engineering simulator in the Avionics Systems Laboratory at NASA's Johnson Space Center. The facility includes moving scenes of full-sized International Space Station components over a simulated Earth. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Munc13-4 Is a Rab11-binding Protein That Regulates Rab11-positive Vesicle Trafficking and Docking at the Plasma Membrane.

PubMed

Johnson, Jennifer L; He, Jing; Ramadass, Mahalakshmi; Pestonjamasp, Kersi; Kiosses, William B; Zhang, Jinzhong; Catz, Sergio D

2016-02-12

The small GTPase Rab11 and its effectors control trafficking of recycling endosomes, receptor replenishment and the up-regulation of adhesion and adaptor molecules at the plasma membrane. Despite recent advances in the understanding of Rab11-regulated mechanisms, the final steps mediating docking and fusion of Rab11-positive vesicles at the plasma membrane are not fully understood. Munc13-4 is a docking factor proposed to regulate fusion through interactions with SNAREs. In hematopoietic cells, including neutrophils, Munc13-4 regulates exocytosis in a Rab27a-dependent manner, but its possible regulation of other GTPases has not been explored in detail. Here, we show that Munc13-4 binds to Rab11 and regulates the trafficking of Rab11-containing vesicles. Using a novel Time-resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) assay, we demonstrate that Munc13-4 binds to Rab11a but not to dominant negative Rab11a. Immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed the specificity of the interaction between Munc13-4 and Rab11, and super-resolution microscopy studies support the interaction of endogenous Munc13-4 with Rab11 at the single molecule level in neutrophils. Vesicular dynamic analysis shows the common spatio-temporal distribution of Munc13-4 and Rab11, while expression of a calcium binding-deficient mutant of Munc13-4 significantly affected Rab11 trafficking. Munc13-4-deficient neutrophils showed normal endocytosis, but the trafficking, up-regulation, and retention of Rab11-positive vesicles at the plasma membrane was significantly impaired. This correlated with deficient NADPH oxidase activation at the plasma membrane in response to Rab11 interference. Our data demonstrate that Munc13-4 is a Rab11-binding partner that regulates the final steps of Rab11-positive vesicle docking at the plasma membrane. © 2016 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Microscopic structure of liquid 1-1-1-2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) from Monte Carlo simulation.

PubMed

Do, Hainam; Wheatley, Richard J; Hirst, Jonathan D

2010-10-28

1-1-1-2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) is one of the most commonly used refrigerants. Its thermophysical properties are important for evaluating the performance of refrigeration cycles. These can be obtained via computer simulation, with an insight into the microscopic structure of the liquid, which is not accessible to experiment. In this paper, vapour-liquid equilibrium properties of R134a and its liquid microscopic structure are investigated using coupled-decoupled configurational-bias Monte Carlo simulation in the Gibbs ensemble, with a recent potential [J. Phys. Chem. B 2009, 113, 178]. We find that the simulations agree well with the experimental data, except at the vicinity of the critical region. Liquid R134a packs like liquid argon, with a coordination number in the first solvation shell of 12 at 260 K. The nearest neighbours prefer to be localized in three different spaces around the central molecule, in such a manner that the dipole moments are in a parallel alignment. Analysis of the pair interaction energy shows clear association of R134a molecules, but no evidence for C-HF type hydrogen bonding is found. The above findings should be of relevance to a broad range of fluoroalkanes.

Cloning of the Alcaligenes latus polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis genes and use of these genes for enhanced production of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) in Escherichia coli.

PubMed

Choi, J I; Lee, S Y; Han, K

1998-12-01

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are microbial polyesters that can be used as completely biodegradable polymers, but the high production cost prevents their use in a wide range of applications. Recombinant Escherichia coli strains harboring the Ralstonia eutropha PHA biosynthesis genes have been reported to have several advantages as PHA producers compared with wild-type PHA-producing bacteria. However, the PHA productivity (amount of PHA produced per unit volume per unit time) obtained with these recombinant E. coli strains has been lower than that obtained with the wild-type bacterium Alcaligenes latus. To endow the potentially superior PHA biosynthetic machinery to E. coli, we cloned the PHA biosynthesis genes from A. latus. The three PHA biosynthesis genes formed an operon with the order PHA synthase, beta-ketothiolase, and reductase genes and were constitutively expressed from the natural promoter in E. coli. Recombinant E. coli strains harboring the A. latus PHA biosynthesis genes accumulated poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), a model PHA product, more efficiently than those harboring the R. eutropha genes. With a pH-stat fed-batch culture of recombinant E. coli harboring a stable plasmid containing the A. latus PHA biosynthesis genes, final cell and PHB concentrations of 194.1 and 141.6 g/liter, respectively, were obtained, resulting in a high productivity of 4.63 g of PHB/liter/h. This improvement should allow recombinant E. coli to be used for the production of PHB with a high level of economic competitiveness.

134. VIEW OF TRANSFORMER CABINETS ON NORTH SIDE OF TRANSFORMER ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

134. VIEW OF TRANSFORMER CABINETS ON NORTH SIDE OF TRANSFORMER ROOM (212), LSB (BLDG. 751), FACING SOUTH. POWER PANEL B AT EAST SIDE OF TRANSFORMER ROOM (212), FACING WEST, AT RIGHT IN PHOTOGRAPH. - Vandenberg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 3, Launch Pad 3 East, Napa & Alden Roads, Lompoc, Santa Barbara County, CA

Study on the Materials for Compressor and Reliability of Refrigeration Circuit in Refrigerator with R134a Refrigerant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Komatsubara, Takeo; Sunaga, Takasi; Takahasi, Yasuki

R134a was selected as the alternative refrigerant for R12 because of the similar thermodynamic properties with R12. But refrigeration oil for R12 couldn't be used for R134a because of the immiscibility with R134a. To solve this problem we researched miscible oil with R134a and selected polyol ester oil (POE) as refrigeration oil. But we found sludge deposition into capillary tube after life test of refrigerator with POE and detected metal soap, decomposed oil and alkaline ions by analysis of sludge. This results was proof of phenomena like oil degradation, precipitation of process materials and wear of compressor. Therefore we improved stability and lubricity of POE, reevaluated process materials and contaminations in refrigerating circuit. In this paper we discuss newly developed these technologies and evaluation results of it by life test of refrigerator.

13 CFR 134.510 - Who can file a response to an appeal petition and when must such a response be filed?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Who can file a response to an appeal petition and when must such a response be filed? 134.510 Section 134.510 Business Credit and... § 134.510 Who can file a response to an appeal petition and when must such a response be filed? Although...

CD4+ T Cells Coexpressing CD134 (OX40) Harbor Significantly Increased Levels of Human Herpesvirus 6B DNA Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation.

PubMed

Pritchett, Joshua C; Green, Jaime S; Thomm, Angela M; Knox, Konstance K; Verneris, Michael R; Lund, Troy C

2016-12-15

Human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) commonly reactivates after umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) and is associated with delayed engraftment, fever, rash, and central nervous system dysfunction. Recently, CD134 (OX40) has been implicated as a potential viral entry receptor. We evaluated CD4 + CD134 + / neg-lo and CD8 + CD134 + / neg-lo cells at day 28 after UCBT in 20 subjects with previously documented HHV-6 reactivation and persistent viremia. Analysis of CD4 + CD134 + cells as compared to CD4 + CD134 neg-lo cells showed 0.308 versus 0.129 copies of HHV-6B/cell (P = .0002). CD8 + CD134 +/neg-lo cells contained little to no HHV-6B copies. Following UCBT, CD4 + CD134 + cells harbor significantly increased levels of HHV-6B, suggesting that CD134 (OX40) may facilitate viral entry. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.

STS-134 crew during food tasting session in JSC Food Lab.

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-05-25

JSC2010-E-087707 (25 May 2010) --- NASA astronaut Michael Fincke, STS-134 mission specialist, participates in a food tasting session in the Habitability and Environmental Factors Office at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

STS-134 crew during food tasting session in JSC Food Lab.

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-05-25

JSC2010-E-087712 (25 May 2010) --- NASA astronaut Andrew Feustel, STS-134 mission specialist, participates in a food tasting session in the Habitability and Environmental Factors Office at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

The physics and chemistry of the L134N molecular core

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Swade, Daryl A.

1989-01-01

The dark cloud L134N is studied in detail via millimeter- and centimeter-wavelength emission-line spectra. A high-density core of molecular gas exists in L134N which has a kinetic temperature of about 12 K, a peak molecular hydrogen density of about 10 exp 4.5/cu cm, and a mass of about 23 solar. The core may be the site of future star formation. Maps of emission from (C-18)O, CS, H(C-13)O(+), SO, NH3, and C3H2 reveal morphologically different distributions resulting in part from both varying physical conditions within the cloud and optical depth effects. Significant differences also exist which are probably due to chemical abundance variations. A consistent set of LTE chemical abundances has been estimated at as many as seven positions, which can be used to constrain chemical models of dark clouds.

STS-134 crew during PDRS PRF ADV (AMS) traiining

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-03-23

JSC2011-E-028173 (23 March 2011) --- European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori (right) and NASA astronaut Andrew Feustel, both STS-134 mission specialists, participate in an exercise in the systems engineering simulator in the Avionics Systems Laboratory at NASA's Johnson Space Center. The facility includes moving scenes of full-sized International Space Station components over a simulated Earth. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

STS-134 crew during PDRS PRF ADV (AMS) traiining

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-03-23

JSC2011-E-028166 (23 March 2011) --- European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori (right) and NASA astronaut Andrew Feustel, both STS-134 mission specialists, participate in an exercise in the systems engineering simulator in the Avionics Systems Laboratory at NASA's Johnson Space Center. The facility includes moving scenes of full-sized International Space Station components over a simulated Earth. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Protection from ethanol-induced limb malformations by the superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic, EUK-134.

PubMed

Chen, Shao-Yu; Dehart, Deborah B; Sulik, Kathleen K

2004-08-01

Based on previous in vitro studies that have illustrated prevention of ethanol-induced cell death by antioxidants, using an in vivo model, we have tested the anti-teratogenic potential of a potent synthetic superoxide dismutase plus catalase mimetic, EUK-134. The developing limb of C57BL/6J mice, which is sensitive to ethanol-induced reduction defects, served as the model system. On their ninth day of pregnancy, C57BL/6J mice were administered ethanol (two intraperitoneal doses of 2.9 g/kg given 4 h apart) alone or in combination with EUK-134 (two doses of 10 mg/kg). Pregnant control mice were similarly treated with either vehicle or EUK-134, alone. Within 15 h of the initial ethanol exposure, excessive apoptotic cell death was observed in the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) of the newly forming forelimb buds. Forelimb defects, including postaxial ectrodactyly, metacarpal, and ulnar deficiencies, occurred in 67.3% of the ethanol-exposed fetuses that were examined at 18 days of gestation. The right forelimbs were preferentially affected. No limb malformations were observed in control fetuses. Cell death in the AER of embryos concurrently exposed to ethanol and EUK-134 was notably reduced compared with that in embryos from ethanol-treated dams. Additionally, the antioxidant treatment reduced the incidence of forelimb malformations to 35.9%. This work illustrates that antioxidants can significantly improve the adverse developmental outcome that results from ethanol exposure in utero, diminishing the incidence and severity of major malformations that result from exposure to this important human teratogen.