Constraints on cosmic superstrings from Kaluza-Klein emission.

PubMed

Dufaux, Jean-François

2012-07-06

Cosmic superstrings interact generically with a tower of light and/or strongly coupled Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes associated with the geometry of the internal space. We study the production of KK particles by cosmic superstring loops, and show that it is constrained by big bang nucleosynthesis. We study the resulting constraints in the parameter space of the underlying string theory model and highlight their complementarity with the regions that can be probed by current and upcoming gravitational wave experiments.

On Pauli's Invention of Non-Abelian Kaluza-Klein Theory in 1953

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Straumann, N.

2002-12-01

There are documents which show that Wolfgang Pauli developed in 1953 the first consistent generalization of the five-dimensional theory of Kaluza, Klein, Fock and others to a higher dimensional internal space. Because he saw no way to give masses to the gauge bosons, he refrained from publishing his results formally.

Stability of Internal Space in Kaluza-Klein Theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maeda, K.; Soda, J.

1998-12-01

We extend a model studied by Li and Gott III to investigate a stability of internal space in Kaluza-Klein theory. Our model is a four-dimensional de-Sitter space plus a n-dimensional compactified internal space. We introduce a solution of the semi-classical Einstein equation which shows us the fact that a n-dimensional compactified internal space can be stable by the Casimir effect. The self-consistency of this solution is checked. One may apply this solution to study the issue of the Black Hole singularity.

Dangerous angular Kaluza-Klein/glueball relics in string theory cosmology

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dufaux, J. F.; CITA, University of Toronto, 60 St. George st., Toronto, ON M5S 3H8; Kofman, L.

2008-07-15

The presence of Kaluza-Klein (KK) particles in the universe is a potential manifestation of string theory cosmology. In general, they can be present in the high temperature bath of the early universe. In particular examples, string theory inflation often ends with brane-antibrane annihilation followed by the energy cascading through massive closed string loops to KK modes which then decay into lighter standard model particles. However, massive KK modes in the early universe may become dangerous cosmological relics if the inner manifold contains warped throat(s) with approximate isometries. In the complimentary picture, in the AdS/CFT dual gauge theory with extra isometries,more » massive glueballs of various spins become the dangerous cosmological relics. The decay of these angular KK modes/glueballs, located around the tip of the throat, is caused by isometry breaking which results from gluing the throat to the compact Calabi-Yau (CY) manifold. We address the problem of these angular KK particles/glueballs, studying their interactions and decay channels, from the theory side, and the resulting cosmological constraints on the warped compactification parameters, from the phenomenology side. The abundance and decay time of the long-lived nonrelativistic angular KK modes depend strongly on the parameters of the warped geometry, so that observational constraints rule out a significant fraction of the parameter space. In particular, the coupling of the angular KK particles can be weaker than gravitational.« less

Holographic reconstruction of scalar fields in extended Kaluza-Klein cosmology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Korunur, Murat

2018-01-01

In recent years, many studies have been conducted to reconstruct the physical properties of scalar fields by establishing a connection between some energy densities and a scalar field of dark energies. In this paper, using the extended five-dimensional (5D) Kaluza-Klein model, we establish a correspondence among modified holographic dark energy and the tachyon, K-essence and dilaton scalar-field models. We also graphically illustrate the evolution of the equation-of-state parameter versus time.

The Spacetime Between Einstein and Kaluza-Klein: Further Explorations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vuille, Chris

2017-01-01

Tensor multinomials can be used to create a generalization of Einstein's general relativity that in a mathematical sense falls between Einstein's original theory in four dimensions and the Kaluza-Klein theory in five dimensions. In the extended theory there are only four physical dimensions, but the tensor multinomials are expanded operators that can accommodate other forces of nature. The equivalent Ricci tensor of this geometry yields vacuum general relativity and electromagnetism, as well as a Klein-Gordon-like quantum scalar field. With a generalization of the stress-energy tensor, an exact solution for a plane-symmetric dust can be found where the scalar portion of the field drives early universe inflation, levels off for a period, then causes a later continued universal acceleration, a possible geometric mechanism for the inflaton or dark energy. Some new explorations of the equations, the problems, and possibilities will be presented and discussed.

Hawking radiation in a rotating Kaluza-Klein black hole with squashed horizons

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen Songbai; Wang Bin; Su Rukeng

2008-01-15

We explore the signature of the extra dimension in the Hawking radiation in a rotating Kaluza-Klein black hole with squashed horizons. Comparing with the spherical case, we find that the rotating parameter brings richer physics. We obtain the appropriate size of the extra dimension which can enhance the Hawking radiation and may open a window to detect the extra dimensions.

Cosmology and the large-mass problem of the five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lukács, B.; Pacher, T.

1985-12-01

It is shown that in five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theories the large-mass problem leads to circulus vitiosus: the huge recent e2/G value produces the large mass problem, which restricts the ratio e2/Gm2 to the order of unity, in contradiction with the present 1040 value for elementary particles.

Exceptional M-brane sigma models and η-symbols

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sakatani, Yuho; Uehara, Shozo

2018-03-01

We develop the M-brane actions proposed in Y. Sakatani and S. Uehara, arXiv:1607.04265, by using η-symbols determined in Y. Sakatani and S. Uehara, arXiv:1708.06342. Introducing η-forms that are defined with the η-symbols, we present U-duality-covariant M-brane actions which describe the known brane worldvolume theories for Mp-branes with p=0,2,5. We show that the self-duality relation known in the double sigma model is naturally generalized to M-branes. In particular, for an M5-brane, the self-duality relation is nontrivially realized, where the Hodge star operator is defined with the familiar M5-brane metric while the η-form contains the self-dual three-form field strength. The action for a Kaluza-Klein monopole is also partially reproduced. Moreover, we explain how to treat type IIB branes in our general formalism. As a demonstration, we reproduce the known action for a (p,q)-string.

Loop corrections for Kaluza-Klein AdS amplitudes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aprile, F.; Drummond, J. M.; Heslop, P.; Paul, H.

2018-05-01

Recently we conjectured the four-point amplitude of graviton multiplets in AdS5 × S5 at one loop by exploiting the operator product expansion of N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory. Here we give the first extension of those results to include Kaluza-Klein modes, obtaining the amplitude for two graviton multiplets and two states of the first KK mode. Our method again relies on resolving the large N degeneracy among a family of long double-trace operators, for which we obtain explicit formulas for the leading anomalous dimensions. Having constructed the one-loop amplitude we are able to obtain a formula for the one-loop corrections to the anomalous dimensions of all twist five double-trace operators.

Entropy production due to gravitational-wave viscosity in a Kaluza-Klein inflationary universe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tomita, K.; Ishihara, H.

1985-10-15

The role of viscosity due to the transport of gravitational radiation in a Kaluza-Klein multidimensional universe is considered, and it is shown that vast entropy may be produced by it owing to inflation of the external (ordinary) space and collapse of the internal (compact) space. The inflation and collapse factors necessary for increasing the total entropy by a factor approx.10/sup 88/ are derived.

Killing-Yano symmetry of Kaluza-Klein black holes in five dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Houri, Tsuyoshi; Yamamoto, Kei

2013-04-01

Using a generalized Killing-Yano equation in the presence of torsion, spacetime metrics admitting a rank-2 generalized Killing-Yano tensor are investigated in five dimensions under the assumption that its eigenvector associated with the zero eigenvalue is a Killing vector field. It is shown that such metrics are classified into three types and the corresponding local expressions are given explicitly. It is also shown that they cover some classes of charged, rotating Kaluza-Klein black hole solutions of minimal supergravity and Abelian heterotic supergravity.

Einstein-Yang-Mills-Dirac systems from the discretized Kaluza-Klein theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wali, Kameshwar; Viet, Nguyen Ali

2017-01-01

A unified theory of the non-Abelian gauge interactions with gravity in the framework of a discretized Kaluza-Klein theory is constructed with a modified Dirac operator and wedge product. All the couplings of chiral spinors to the non-Abelian gauge fields emerge naturally as components of the coupling of the chiral spinors in the generalized gravity together with some new interactions. In particular, the currently prevailing gravity-QCD quark and gravity-electroweak-quark and lepton models are shown to follow as special cases of the general framework.

New Kaluza-Klein instantons and the decay of AdS vacua

DOE PAGES

Ooguri, Hirosi; Spodyneiko, Lev

2017-07-19

We construct a generalization of Witten’s Kaluza-Klein instanton, where a higher-dimensional sphere (rather than a circle as in Witten’s instanton) collapses to zero size and the geometry terminates at a bubble of nothing, in a low energy effective theory of M theory. We then use the solution to exhibit the instability of nonsupersymmetric AdS 5 vacua in M theory compactified on positive Kähler-Einstein spaces, providing further evidence for the recent conjecture that any nonsupersymmetric anti–de Sitter vacuum supported by fluxes must be unstable.

Strength of the singularities, equation of state and asymptotic expansion in Kaluza-Klein space time

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Samanta, G. C.; Goel, Mayank; Myrzakulov, R.

2018-04-01

In this paper an explicit cosmological model which allows cosmological singularities are discussed in Kaluza-Klein space time. The generalized power-law and asymptotic expansions of the baro-tropic fluid index ω and equivalently the deceleration parameter q, in terms of cosmic time 't' are considered. Finally, the strength of the found singularities is discussed.

Limits on a muon flux from Kaluza-Klein dark matter annihilations in the Sun from the IceCube 22-string detector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abbasi, R.; Abdou, Y.; Abu-Zayyad, T.; Adams, J.; Aguilar, J. A.; Ahlers, M.; Andeen, K.; Auffenberg, J.; Bai, X.; Baker, M.; Barwick, S. W.; Bay, R.; Bazo Alba, J. L.; Beattie, K.; Beatty, J. J.; Bechet, S.; Becker, J. K.; Becker, K.-H.; Benabderrahmane, M. L.; Berdermann, J.; Berghaus, P.; Berley, D.; Bernardini, E.; Bertrand, D.; Besson, D. Z.; Bissok, M.; Blaufuss, E.; Boersma, D. J.; Bohm, C.; Bolmont, J.; Botner, O.; Bradley, L.; Braun, J.; Breder, D.; Carson, M.; Castermans, T.; Chirkin, D.; Christy, B.; Clem, J.; Cohen, S.; Cowen, D. F.; D'Agostino, M. V.; Danninger, M.; Day, C. T.; de Clercq, C.; Demirörs, L.; Depaepe, O.; Descamps, F.; Desiati, P.; de Vries-Uiterweerd, G.; Deyoung, T.; Díaz-Vélez, J. C.; Dreyer, J.; Dumm, J. P.; Duvoort, M. R.; Edwards, W. R.; Ehrlich, R.; Eisch, J.; Ellsworth, R. W.; Engdegård, O.; Euler, S.; Evenson, P. A.; Fadiran, O.; Fazely, A. R.; Feusels, T.; Filimonov, K.; Finley, C.; Foerster, M. M.; Fox, B. D.; Franckowiak, A.; Franke, R.; Gaisser, T. K.; Gallagher, J.; Ganugapati, R.; Gerhardt, L.; Gladstone, L.; Goldschmidt, A.; Goodman, J. A.; Gozzini, R.; Grant, D.; Griesel, T.; Groß, A.; Grullon, S.; Gunasingha, R. M.; Gurtner, M.; Ha, C.; Hallgren, A.; Halzen, F.; Han, K.; Hanson, K.; Hasegawa, Y.; Helbing, K.; Herquet, P.; Hickford, S.; Hill, G. C.; Hoffman, K. D.; Homeier, A.; Hoshina, K.; Hubert, D.; Huelsnitz, W.; Hülß, J.-P.; Hulth, P. O.; Hultqvist, K.; Hussain, S.; Imlay, R. L.; Inaba, M.; Ishihara, A.; Jacobsen, J.; Japaridze, G. S.; Johansson, H.; Joseph, J. M.; Kampert, K.-H.; Kappes, A.; Karg, T.; Karle, A.; Kelley, J. L.; Kemming, N.; Kenny, P.; Kiryluk, J.; Kislat, F.; Klein, S. R.; Knops, S.; Kohnen, G.; Kolanoski, H.; Köpke, L.; Koskinen, D. J.; Kowalski, M.; Kowarik, T.; Krasberg, M.; Krings, T.; Kroll, G.; Kuehn, K.; Kuwabara, T.; Labare, M.; Lafebre, S.; Laihem, K.; Landsman, H.; Lauer, R.; Lehmann, R.; Lennarz, D.; Lucke, A.; Lundberg, J.; Lünemann, J.; Madsen, J.; Majumdar, P.; Maruyama, R.; Mase, K.; Matis, H. S.; McParland, C. P.; Meagher, K.; Merck, M.; Mészáros, P.; Meures, T.; Middell, E.; Milke, N.; Miyamoto, H.; Montaruli, T.; Morse, R.; Movit, S. M.; Nahnhauer, R.; Nam, J. W.; Nießen, P.; Nygren, D. R.; Odrowski, S.; Olivas, A.; Olivo, M.; Ono, M.; Panknin, S.; Patton, S.; Paul, L.; Pérez de Los Heros, C.; Petrovic, J.; Piegsa, A.; Pieloth, D.; Pohl, A. C.; Porrata, R.; Potthoff, N.; Price, P. B.; Prikockis, M.; Przybylski, G. T.; Rawlins, K.; Redl, P.; Resconi, E.; Rhode, W.; Ribordy, M.; Rizzo, A.; Rodrigues, J. P.; Roth, P.; Rothmaier, F.; Rott, C.; Roucelle, C.; Rutledge, D.; Ruzybayev, B.; Ryckbosch, D.; Sander, H.-G.; Sarkar, S.; Schatto, K.; Schlenstedt, S.; Schmidt, T.; Schneider, D.; Schukraft, A.; Schulz, O.; Schunck, M.; Seckel, D.; Semburg, B.; Seo, S. H.; Sestayo, Y.; Seunarine, S.; Silvestri, A.; Slipak, A.; Spiczak, G. M.; Spiering, C.; Stamatikos, M.; Stanev, T.; Stephens, G.; Stezelberger, T.; Stokstad, R. G.; Stoufer, M. C.; Stoyanov, S.; Strahler, E. A.; Straszheim, T.; Sulanke, K.-H.; Sullivan, G. W.; Swillens, Q.; Taboada, I.; Tamburro, A.; Tarasova, O.; Tepe, A.; Ter-Antonyan, S.; Terranova, C.; Tilav, S.; Toale, P. A.; Tooker, J.; Tosi, D.; Turčan, D.; van Eijndhoven, N.; Vandenbroucke, J.; van Overloop, A.; van Santen, J.; Voigt, B.; Walck, C.; Waldenmaier, T.; Wallraff, M.; Walter, M.; Wendt, C.; Westerhoff, S.; Whitehorn, N.; Wiebe, K.; Wiebusch, C. H.; Wiedemann, A.; Wikström, G.; Williams, D. R.; Wischnewski, R.; Wissing, H.; Woschnagg, K.; Xu, C.; Xu, X. W.; Yodh, G.; Yoshida, S.; IceCube Collaboration

2010-03-01

A search for muon neutrinos from Kaluza-Klein dark matter annihilations in the Sun has been performed with the 22-string configuration of the IceCube neutrino detector using data collected in 104.3 days of live time in 2007. No excess over the expected atmospheric background has been observed. Upper limits have been obtained on the annihilation rate of captured lightest Kaluza-Klein particle (LKP) WIMPs in the Sun and converted to limits on the LKP-proton cross sections for LKP masses in the range 250-3000 GeV. These results are the most stringent limits to date on LKP annihilation in the Sun.

Brane-World Gravity.

PubMed

Maartens, Roy; Koyama, Kazuya

2010-01-01

The observable universe could be a 1+3-surface (the "brane") embedded in a 1+3+ d -dimensional spacetime (the "bulk"), with Standard Model particles and fields trapped on the brane while gravity is free to access the bulk. At least one of the d extra spatial dimensions could be very large relative to the Planck scale, which lowers the fundamental gravity scale, possibly even down to the electroweak (∼ TeV) level. This revolutionary picture arises in the framework of recent developments in M theory. The 1+10-dimensional M theory encompasses the known 1+9-dimensional superstring theories, and is widely considered to be a promising potential route to quantum gravity. At low energies, gravity is localized at the brane and general relativity is recovered, but at high energies gravity "leaks" into the bulk, behaving in a truly higher-dimensional way. This introduces significant changes to gravitational dynamics and perturbations, with interesting and potentially testable implications for high-energy astrophysics, black holes, and cosmology. Brane-world models offer a phenomenological way to test some of the novel predictions and corrections to general relativity that are implied by M theory. This review analyzes the geometry, dynamics and perturbations of simple brane-world models for cosmology and astrophysics, mainly focusing on warped 5-dimensional brane-worlds based on the Randall-Sundrum models. We also cover the simplest brane-world models in which 4-dimensional gravity on the brane is modified at low energies - the 5-dimensional Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati models. Then we discuss co-dimension two branes in 6-dimensional models.

Corrections to Newton’s law of gravitation - application to hybrid Bloch brane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Almeida, C. A. S.; Veras, D. F. S.; Dantas, D. M.

2018-02-01

We present in this work, the calculations of corrections in the Newton’s law of gravitation due to Kaluza-Klein gravitons in five-dimensional warped thick braneworld scenarios. We consider here a recently proposed model, namely, the hybrid Bloch brane. This model couples two scalar fields to gravity and is engendered from a domain wall-like defect. Also, two other models the so-called asymmetric hybrid brane and compact brane are considered. Such models are deformations of the ϕ 4 and sine-Gordon topological defects, respectively. Therefore we consider the branes engendered by such defects and we also compute the corrections in their cases. In order to attain the mass spectrum and its corresponding eigenfunctions which are the essential quantities for computing the correction to the Newtonian potential, we develop a suitable numerical technique. The calculation of slight deviations in the gravitational potential may be used as a selection tool for braneworld scenarios matching with future experimental measurements in high energy collisions

Asymptotic M5-brane entropy from S-duality

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Seok; Nahmgoong, June

2017-12-01

We study M5-branes compactified on S 1 from the D0-D4 Witten index in the Coulomb phase. We first show that the prepotential of this index is S-dual, up to a simple anomalous part. This is an extension of the well-known S-duality of the 4d N=4 theory to the 6d (2, 0) theory on finite T 2. Using this anomalous S-duality, we find that the asymptotic free energy scales like N 3 when various temperature-like parameters are large. This shows that the number of 5d Kaluza-Klein fields for light D0-brane bound states is proportional to N 3. We also compute some part of the asymptotic free energy from 6d chiral anomalies, which precisely agrees with our D0-D4 calculus.

Asymptotically locally Euclidean/Kaluza-Klein stationary vacuum black holes in five dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khuri, Marcus; Weinstein, Gilbert; Yamada, Sumio

2018-05-01

We produce new examples, both explicit and analytical, of bi-axisymmetric stationary vacuum black holes in five dimensions. A novel feature of these solutions is that they are asymptotically locally Euclidean, in which spatial cross-sections at infinity have lens space L(p,q) topology, or asymptotically Kaluza-Klein so that spatial cross-sections at infinity are topologically S^1× S^2. These are nondegenerate black holes of cohomogeneity 2, with any number of horizon components, where the horizon cross-section topology is any one of the three admissible types: S^3, S^1× S^2, or L(p,q). Uniqueness of these solutions is also established. Our method is to solve the relevant harmonic map problem with prescribed singularities, having target symmetric space SL(3,{R})/SO(3). In addition, we analyze the possibility of conical singularities and find a large family for which geometric regularity is guaranteed.

Kaluza-Klein cosmological model in f(R, T) gravity with Λ(T)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sahoo, P. K.; Mishra, B.; Tripathy, S. K.

2016-04-01

A class of Kaluza-Klein cosmological models in $f(R,T)$ theory of gravity have been investigated. In the work, we have considered the functional $f(R,T)$ to be in the form $f(R,T)=f(R)+f(T)$ with $f(R)=\\lambda R$ and $f(T)=\\lambda T$. Such a choice of the functional $f(R,T)$ leads to an evolving effective cosmological constant $\\Lambda$ which depends on the stress energy tensor. The source of the matter field is taken to be a perfect cosmic fluid. The exact solutions of the field equations are obtained by considering a constant deceleration parameter which leads two different aspects of the volumetric expansion namely a power law and an exponential volumetric expansion. Keeping an eye on the accelerating nature of the universe in the present epoch, the dynamics and physical behaviour of the models have been discussed. From statefinder diagnostic pair we found that the model with exponential volumetric expansion behaves more like a $\\Lambda$CDM model.

Bulk axions, brane back-reaction and fluxes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Burgess, C. P.; van Nierop, L.

2011-02-01

Extra-dimensional models can involve bulk pseudo-Goldstone bosons (pGBs) whose shift symmetry is explicitly broken only by physics localized on branes. Reliable calculation of their low-energy potential is often difficult because it requires an understanding of the dynamics that stabilizes the geometry of the extra dimensions. Rugby ball solutions provide simple examples of extra-dimensional configurations for which two compact extra dimensions are stabilized in the presence of only positive-tension brane sources. The effects of brane back-reaction can be computed explicitly for these systems, allowing the calculation of the shape of the low-energy pGB potential, V 4 D ( φ), as a function of the perturbing brane properties, as well as the response of both the extra dimensional and on-brane geometries to this stabilization. If the φ-dependence is a small part of the total brane tension a very general analysis is possible, permitting an exploration of how the system responds to frustration when the two branes disagree on what the proper scalar vacuum should be. We show how the low-energy potential is given by the sum of brane tensions (in agreement with common lore) when only the brane tensions couple to φ. We also show how a direct brane coupling to the flux stabilizing the extra dimensions corrects this result in a way that does not simply amount to the contribution of the flux to the brane tensions. The mass of the low-energy pseudo-Goldstone mode is of order m a ˜ ( μ/ F)2 m KK (where μ is the energy scale associated with the brane symmetry breaking and F < M p is the extra-dimensional axion decay constant). In principle this can be larger or smaller than the Kaluza-Klein scale, m KK, but when it is larger axion properties cannot be computed purely within a 4D approximation (as they usually are). We briefly describe several potential applications, including a brane realization of `natural inflation,' and a dynamical mechanism for suppressing the couplings

Searches for Kaluza-Klein graviton excitations and microscopic black holes with the aid of the CMS detector at the LHC

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Savina, M. V., E-mail: savina@cern.ch

2015-06-15

A survey of the results of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment that concern searches for massive Kaluza-Klein graviton excitations and microscopic black holes, quantum black holes, and string balls within models of low-energy multidimensional gravity is presented on behalf of the CMS Collaboration. The analysis in question is performed on the basis of a complete sample of data accumulated for proton-proton collisions at the c.m. energies of 7 and 8 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) over the period spanning 2010 and 2012.

The Euclidean scalar Green function in the five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein magnetic monopole space-time

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bezerra de Mello, E.R.

2006-01-15

In this paper we present, in a integral form, the Euclidean Green function associated with a massless scalar field in the five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein magnetic monopole superposed to a global monopole, admitting a nontrivial coupling between the field with the geometry. This Green function is expressed as the sum of two contributions: the first one related with uncharged component of the field, is similar to the Green function associated with a scalar field in a four-dimensional global monopole space-time. The second contains the information of all the other components. Using this Green function it is possible to study the vacuum polarizationmore » effects on this space-time. Explicitly we calculate the renormalized vacuum expectation value <{phi}{sup *}(x){phi}(x)>{sub Ren}, which by its turn is also expressed as the sum of two contributions.« less

Simple inflationary models in Gauss-Bonnet brane-world cosmology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Okada, Nobuchika; Okada, Satomi

2016-06-01

In light of the recent Planck 2015 results for the measurement of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy, we study simple inflationary models in the context of the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) brane-world cosmology. The brane-world cosmological effect modifies the power spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations generated by inflation and causes a dramatic change for the inflationary predictions of the spectral index (n s) and the tensor-to-scalar ratio (r) from those obtained in the standard cosmology. In particular, the predicted r values in the inflationary models favored by the Planck 2015 results are suppressed due to the GB brane-world cosmological effect, which is in sharp contrast with inflationary scenario in the Randall-Sundrum brane-world cosmology, where the r values are enhanced. Hence, these two brane-world cosmological scenarios are distinguishable. With the dramatic change of the inflationary predictions, the inflationary scenario in the GB brane-world cosmology can be tested by more precise measurements of n s and future observations of the CMB B-mode polarization.

The Einstein equations on the 3-brane world

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shiromizu, Tetsuya; Maeda, Kei-Ichi; Sasaki, Misao

2000-07-01

We carefully investigate the gravitational equations of the brane world, in which all the matter forces except gravity are confined on the 3-brane in a 5-dimensional spacetime with Z2 symmetry. We derive the effective gravitational equations on the brane, which reduce to the conventional Einstein equations in the low energy limit. From our general argument we conclude that the first Randall-Sundrum-type theory predicts that the brane with a negative tension is an antigravity world and hence should be excluded from the physical point of view. Their second-type theory where the brane has a positive tension provides the correct signature of gravity. In this latter case, if the bulk spacetime is exactly anti-de Sitter spacetime, generically the matter on the brane is required to be spatially homogeneous because of the Bianchi identities. By allowing deviations from anti-de Sitter spacetime in the bulk, the situation will be relaxed and the Bianchi identities give just the relation between the Weyl tensor and the energy momentum tensor. In the present brane world scenario, the effective Einstein equations cease to be valid during an era when the cosmological constant on the brane is not well defined, such as in the case of the matter dominated by the potential energy of the scalar field.

Constraints on brane-world inflation from the CMB power spectrum: revisited

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gangopadhyay, Mayukh R.; Mathews, Grant J.

2018-03-01

We analyze the Randal Sundrum brane-world inflation scenario in the context of the latest CMB constraints from Planck. We summarize constraints on the most popular classes of models and explore some more realistic inflaton effective potentials. The constraint on standard inflationary parameters changes in the brane-world scenario. We confirm that in general the brane-world scenario increases the tensor-to-scalar ratio, thus making this paradigm less consistent with the Planck constraints. Indeed, when BICEP2/Keck constraints are included, all monomial potentials in the brane-world scenario become disfavored compared to the standard scenario. However, for natural inflation the brane-world scenario could fit the constraints better due to larger allowed values of e-foldings N before the end of inflation in the brane-world.

Black branes and black strings in the astrophysical and cosmological context

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akarsu, Özgür; Chopovsky, Alexey; Zhuk, Alexander

2018-03-01

We consider Kaluza-Klein models where internal spaces are compact flat or curved Einstein spaces. This background is perturbed by a compact gravitating body with the dust-like equation of state (EoS) in the external/our space and an arbitrary EoS parameter Ω in the internal space. Without imposing any restrictions on the form of the perturbed metric and the distribution of the perturbed energy densities, we perform the general analysis of the Einstein and conservation equations in the weak-field limit. All conclusions follow from this analysis. For example, we demonstrate that the perturbed model is static and perturbed metric preserves the block-diagonal form. In a particular case Ω = - 1 / 2, the found solution corresponds to the weak-field limit of the black strings/branes. The black strings/branes are compact gravitating objects which have the topology (four-dimensional Schwarzschild spacetime) × (d-dimensional internal space) with d ≥ 1. We present the arguments in favour of these objects. First, they satisfy the gravitational tests for the parameterized post-Newtonian parameter γ at the same level of accuracy as General Relativity. Second, they are preferable from the thermodynamical point of view. Third, averaging over the Universe, they do not destroy the stabilization of the internal space. These are the astrophysical and cosmological aspects of the black strings/branes.

Induced gravity on intersecting brane worlds. II. Cosmology

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Corradini, Olindo; Koyama, Kazuya; Tasinato, Gianmassimo

2008-12-15

We explore cosmology of intersecting brane worlds with induced gravity on the branes. We find the cosmological equations that control the evolution of a moving codimension-one brane and a codimension-two brane that sits at the intersection. We study the Friedmann equation at the intersection, finding new contributions from the six-dimensional bulk. These higher dimensional contributions allow us to find new examples of self-accelerating configurations for the codimension-two brane at the intersection and we discuss their features.

M5-brane and D-brane scattering amplitudes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heydeman, Matthew; Schwarz, John H.; Wen, Congkao

2017-12-01

We present tree-level n-particle on-shell scattering amplitudes of various brane theories with 16 conserved supercharges. These include the world-volume theory of a probe D3-brane or D5-brane in 10D Minkowski spacetime as well as a probe M5-brane in 11D Minkowski spacetime, which describes self interactions of an abelian tensor supermultiplet with 6D (2, 0) supersymmetry. Twistor-string-like formulas are proposed for tree-level scattering amplitudes of all multiplicities for each of these theories. The R symmetry of the D3-brane theory is shown to be SU(4) × U(1), and the U(1) factor implies that its amplitudes are helicity conserving. Each of 6D theories (D5-brane and M5-brane) reduces to the D3-brane theory by dimensional reduction. As special cases of the general M5-brane amplitudes, we present compact formulas for examples involving only the self-dual B field with n = 4, 6, 8.

'Black universe' epoch in string cosmology

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Buchel, Alex; Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, N2J 2W9; Kofman, Lev

2008-10-15

String theory compactification involves manifolds with multiple warp factors. For cosmological applications, we often introduce a short, high-energy inflationary throat, and a long, low-energy standard model (SM) throat. It is assumed that at the end of inflation, the excited Kaluza-Klein modes from the inflationary throat tunnel to the SM throat and reheat standard model degrees of freedom, which are attached to probe brane(s). However, the huge hierarchy of energy scales can result in a highly dynamic transition of the throat geometry. We point out that in such a cosmological scenario the standard model throat (together with SM brane) will bemore » cloaked by a Schwarzschild horizon, produced by the Kaluza-Klein modes tunneling from the short throat. The black brane formation is dual to the first order chiral phase transition of the cascading gauge theory. We calculate the critical energy density corresponding the formation of the black hole (BH) horizon in the long throat. We discuss the duality between 'black universe' cosmology and an expanding universe driven by the hot gauge theory radiation. We address the new problem of the hierarchical multiple-throat scenarios: SM brane disappearance after the decay of the BH horizon.« less

Weak-field limit of Kaluza-Klein models with spherically symmetric static scalar field: observational constraints

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhuk, Alexander; Chopovsky, Alexey; Fakhr, Seyed Hossein; Shulga, Valerii; Wei, Han

2017-11-01

In a multidimensional Kaluza-Klein model with Ricci-flat internal space, we study the gravitational field in the weak-field limit. This field is created by two coupled sources. First, this is a point-like massive body which has a dust-like equation of state in the external space and an arbitrary parameter Ω of equation of state in the internal space. The second source is a static spherically symmetric massive scalar field centered at the origin where the point-like massive body is. The found perturbed metric coefficients are used to calculate the parameterized post-Newtonian (PPN) parameter γ . We define under which conditions γ can be very close to unity in accordance with the relativistic gravitational tests in the solar system. This can take place for both massive or massless scalar fields. For example, to have γ ≈ 1 in the solar system, the mass of scalar field should be μ ≳ 5.05× 10^{-49}g ˜ 2.83× 10^{-16}eV. In all cases, we arrive at the same conclusion that to be in agreement with the relativistic gravitational tests, the gravitating mass should have tension: Ω = - 1/2.

Vacuum thin shells in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet brane-world cosmology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramirez, Marcos A.

2018-04-01

In this paper we construct new solutions of the Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet field equations in an isotropic Shiromizu–Maeda–Sasaki brane-world setting which represent a couple of Z 2-symmetric vacuum thin shells splitting from the central brane, and explore the main properties of the dynamics of the system. The matching of the separating vacuum shells with the brane-world is as smooth as possible and all matter fields are restricted to the brane. We prove the existence of these solutions, derive the criteria for their existence, analyse some fundamental aspects or their evolution and demonstrate the possibility of constructing cosmological examples that exhibit this feature at early times. We also comment on the possible implications for cosmology and the relation of this system with the thermodynamic instability of highly symmetric vacuum solutions of Lovelock theory.

Spherically symmetric solutions and gravitational collapse in brane-worlds

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heydari-Fard, Malihe; Sepangi, Hamid R., E-mail: heydarifard@qom.ac.ir, E-mail: hr-sepangi@sbu.ac.ir

2009-02-15

We consider spherically symmetric solutions within the context of brane-world theory without mirror symmetry or any form of junction conditions. For a constant curvature bulk, we obtain the modified Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) interior solutions in two cases where one is matched to a schwarzschild-de Sitter exterior while the other is consistent with an exterior solution whose structure can be used to explain the galaxy rotation curves without postulating dark matter. We also find the upper bound to the mass of a static brane-world star and show that the influence of the bulk effects on the interior solutions is small. Finally, wemore » investigate the gravitational collapse on the brane and show that the exterior of a collapsing star can be static in this scenario.« less

Probing large extra dimensions with IceCube

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Esmaili, Arman; Peres, O.L.G.; Tabrizi, Zahra, E-mail: arman@ipm.ir, E-mail: orlando@ifi.unicamp.br, E-mail: tabrizi.physics@ipm.ir

2014-12-01

In models with Large Extra Dimensions the smallness of neutrino masses can be naturally explained by introducing gauge singlet fermions which propagate in the bulk. The Kaluza-Klein modes of these fermions appear as towers of sterile neutrino states on the brane. We study the phenomenological consequences of this picture for the high energy atmospheric neutrinos. For this purpose we construct a detailed equivalence between a model with large extra dimensions and a (3+n) scenario consisting of three active and n extra sterile neutrino states, which provides a clear intuitive understanding of Kaluza-Klein modes. Finally, we analyze the collected data ofmore » high energy atmospheric neutrinos by IceCube experiment and obtain bounds on the radius of extra dimensions.« less

Nondecoupling of maximal supergravity from the superstring.

PubMed

Green, Michael B; Ooguri, Hirosi; Schwarz, John H

2007-07-27

We consider the conditions necessary for obtaining perturbative maximal supergravity in d dimensions as a decoupling limit of type II superstring theory compactified on a (10-d) torus. For dimensions d=2 and d=3, it is possible to define a limit in which the only finite-mass states are the 256 massless states of maximal supergravity. However, in dimensions d>or=4, there are infinite towers of additional massless and finite-mass states. These correspond to Kaluza-Klein charges, wound strings, Kaluza-Klein monopoles, or branes wrapping around cycles of the toroidal extra dimensions. We conclude that perturbative supergravity cannot be decoupled from string theory in dimensions>or=4. In particular, we conjecture that pure N=8 supergravity in four dimensions is in the Swampland.

CASIMIR Effect in a Supersymmetry-Breaking Brane-World as Dark Energy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen, P

2004-09-29

A new model for the origin of dark energy is proposed based on the Casimir effect in a supersymmetry-breaking brane-world. Supersymmetry is assumed to be preserved in the bulk while broken on a 3-brane. Due to the boundary conditions imposed on the compactified extra dimensions, there is an effective Casimir energy induced on the brane. The net Casimir energy contributed from the graviton and the gravitino modes as a result of supersymmetry-breaking on the brane is identified as the observed dark energy, which in our construction is a cosmological constant. We show that the smallness of the cosmological constant, whichmore » results from the huge contrast in the extra-dimensional volumes between that associated with the 3-brane and that of the bulk, is attainable under very relaxed condition.« less

Mass hierarchy, mass gap and corrections to Newton's law on thick branes with Poincaré symmetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barbosa-Cendejas, Nandinii; Herrera-Aguilar, Alfredo; Kanakoglou, Konstantinos; Nucamendi, Ulises; Quiros, Israel

2014-01-01

We consider a scalar thick brane configuration arising in a 5D theory of gravity coupled to a self-interacting scalar field in a Riemannian manifold. We start from known classical solutions of the corresponding field equations and elaborate on the physics of the transverse traceless modes of linear fluctuations of the classical background, which obey a Schrödinger-like equation. We further consider two special cases in which this equation can be solved analytically for any massive mode with , in contrast with numerical approaches, allowing us to study in closed form the massive spectrum of Kaluza-Klein (KK) excitations and to analytically compute the corrections to Newton's law in the thin brane limit. In the first case we consider a novel solution with a mass gap in the spectrum of KK fluctuations with two bound states—the massless 4D graviton free of tachyonic instabilities and a massive KK excitation—as well as a tower of continuous massive KK modes which obey a Legendre equation. The mass gap is defined by the inverse of the brane thickness, allowing us to get rid of the potentially dangerous multiplicity of arbitrarily light KK modes. It is shown that due to this lucky circumstance, the solution of the mass hierarchy problem is much simpler and transparent than in the thin Randall-Sundrum (RS) two-brane configuration. In the second case we present a smooth version of the RS model with a single massless bound state, which accounts for the 4D graviton, and a sector of continuous fluctuation modes with no mass gap, which obey a confluent Heun equation in the Ince limit. (The latter seems to have physical applications for the first time within braneworld models). For this solution the mass hierarchy problem is solved with positive branes as in the Lykken-Randall (LR) model and the model is completely free of naked singularities. We also show that the scalar-tensor system is stable under scalar perturbations with no scalar modes localized on the braneworld

Gauge field localization on brane worlds

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Guerrero, Rommel; Rodriguez, R. Omar; Melfo, Alejandra

2010-04-15

We consider the effects of spacetime curvature and brane thickness on the localization of gauge fields on a brane via kinetic terms induced by localized fermions. We find that in a warped geometry with an infinitely thin brane, both the infrared and the ultraviolet behavior of the electromagnetic propagator are affected, providing a more stringent bound on the brane's tension than that coming from the requirement of four-dimensional gravity on the brane. On the other hand, for a thick wall in a flat spacetime, where the fermions are localized by means of a Yukawa coupling, we find that four-dimensional electromagnetismmore » is recovered in a region bounded from above by the same critical distance appearing in the thin case, but also from below by a new scale related to the brane's thickness and the electromagnetic couplings. This imposes very stringent bounds on the brane's thickness which seem to invalidate the localization mechanism for this case.« less

General self-tuning solutions and no-go theorem

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Förste, Stefan; Kim, Jihn E.; Lee, Hyun Min, E-mail: forste@th.physik.uni-bonn.de, E-mail: jihnekim@gmail.com, E-mail: hyun.min.lee@kias.re.kr

2013-03-01

We consider brane world models with one extra dimension. In the bulk there is in addition to gravity a three form gauge potential or equivalently a scalar (by generalisation of electric magnetic duality). We find classical solutions for which the 4d effective cosmological constant is adjusted by choice of integration constants. No go theorems for such self-tuning mechanism are circumvented by unorthodox Lagrangians for the three form respectively the scalar. It is argued that the corresponding effective 4d theory always includes tachyonic Kaluza-Klein excitations or ghosts. Known no go theorems are extended to a general class of models with unorthodoxmore » Lagrangians.« less

String inspired brane world cosmology.

PubMed

Germani, Cristiano; Sopuerta, Carlos F

2002-06-10

We consider brane world scenarios including the leading correction to the Einstein-Hilbert action suggested by superstring theory, the Gauss-Bonnet term. We obtain and study the complete set of equations governing the cosmological dynamics. We find they have the same form as those in Randall-Sundrum scenarios but with time-varying four-dimensional gravitational and cosmological constants. By studying the bulk geometry we show that this variation is produced by bulk curvature terms parametrized by the mass of a black hole. Finally, we show there is a coupling between these curvature terms and matter that can be relevant for early universe cosmology.

Generalized Israel junction conditions for a fourth-order brane world

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Balcerzak, Adam; Dabrowski, Mariusz P.

2008-01-15

We discuss a general fourth-order theory of gravity on the brane. In general, the formulation of the junction conditions (except for Euler characteristics such as Gauss-Bonnet term) leads to the higher powers of the delta function and requires regularization. We suggest the way to avoid such a problem by imposing the metric and its first derivative to be regular at the brane, while the second derivative to have a kink, the third derivative of the metric to have a step function discontinuity, and no sooner as the fourth derivative of the metric to give the delta function contribution to themore » field equations. Alternatively, we discuss the reduction of the fourth-order gravity to the second-order theory by introducing an extra tensor field. We formulate the appropriate junction conditions on the brane. We prove the equivalence of both theories. In particular, we prove the equivalence of the junction conditions with different assumptions related to the continuity of the metric along the brane.« less

Brane-world black hole solutions via a confining potential

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heydari-Fard, M.; Sepangi, H. R.; Razmi, H.

2007-09-15

Using a confining potential, we consider spherically symmetric vacuum (static black hole) solutions in a brane-world scenario. Working with a constant curvature bulk, two interesting cases/solutions are studied. A Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole solution similar to the standard solution in the presence of a cosmological constant is obtained which confirms the idea that an extra term in the field equations on the brane can play the role of a positive cosmological constant and may be used to account for the accelerated expansion of the universe. The other solution is one in which we can have a proper potential to explainmore » the galaxy rotation curves without assuming the existence of dark matter and without working with new modified theories (modified Newtonian dynamics)« less

Diphoton resonance from a warped extra dimension

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bauer, Martin; Hörner, Clara; Neubert, Matthias

2016-07-01

We argue that extensions of the Standard Model (SM) with a warped extra dimension, which successfully address the hierarchy and flavor problems of elementary particle physics, can provide an elegant explanation of the 750 GeV diphoton excess recently reported by ATLAS and CMS. A gauge-singlet bulk scalar with {O} (1) couplings to fermions is identified as the new resonance S, and the vector-like Kaluza-Klein excitations of the SM quarks and leptons mediate its loop-induced couplings to photons and gluons. The electroweak gauge symmetry almost unambiguously dictates the bulk matter content and hence the hierarchies of the Sto γ γ, W W,ZZ,Zγ, toverline{t} and dijet decay rates. We find that the S → Zγ decay mode is strongly suppressed, such that Br( S → Zγ) /Br( S → γγ) < 0 .1. The hierarchy problem for the new scalar boson is solved in analogy with the Higgs boson by localizing it near the infrared brane. The infinite sums over the Kaluza-Klein towers of fermion states converge and can be calculated in closed form with a remarkably simple result. Reproducing the observed pp → S → γγ signal requires Kaluza-Klein masses in the multi-TeV range, consistent with bounds from flavor physics and electroweak precision observables.

k-essence in the DGP brane-world cosmology

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bouhmadi-Lopez, Mariam; Chimento, Luis P.

We analyze a Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) brane filled with a k-essence field and assume the k field evolving linearly with the cosmic time of the brane. We then solve analytically the Friedmann equation and deduce the different behavior of the brane at the low- and the high-energy regimes. The asymptotic behavior can be quite different involving accelerating branes, big bangs, big crunches, big rips, or quiescent singularities. The latter correspond to a type of sudden singularity.

Grand unified brane world scenario

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arai, Masato; Blaschke, Filip; Eto, Minoru; Sakai, Norisuke

2017-12-01

We present a field theoretical model unifying grand unified theory (GUT) and brane world scenario. As a concrete example, we consider S U (5 ) GUT in 4 +1 dimensions where our 3 +1 dimensional spacetime spontaneously arises on five domain walls. A field-dependent gauge kinetic term is used to localize massless non-Abelian gauge fields on the domain walls and to assure the charge universality of matter fields. We find the domain walls with the symmetry breaking S U (5 )→S U (3 )×S U (2 )×U (1 ) as a global minimum and all the undesirable moduli are stabilized with the mass scale of MGUT. Profiles of massless standard model particles are determined as a consequence of wall dynamics. The proton decay can be exponentially suppressed.

Extra dimensions hypothesis in high energy physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Volobuev, Igor; Boos, Eduard; Bunichev, Viacheslav; Perfilov, Maxim; Smolyakov, Mikhail

2017-10-01

We discuss the history of the extra dimensions hypothesis and the physics and phenomenology of models with large extra dimensions with an emphasis on the Randall- Sundrum (RS) model with two branes. We argue that the Standard Model extension based on the RS model with two branes is phenomenologically acceptable only if the inter-brane distance is stabilized. Within such an extension of the Standard Model, we study the influence of the infinite Kaluza-Klein (KK) towers of the bulk fields on collider processes. In particular, we discuss the modification of the scalar sector of the theory, the Higgs-radion mixing due to the coupling of the Higgs boson to the radion and its KK tower, and the experimental restrictions on the mass of the radion-dominated states.

Casimir force in brane worlds: Coinciding results from Green's and zeta function approaches

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Linares, Roman; Morales-Tecotl, Hugo A.; Pedraza, Omar

2010-06-15

Casimir force encodes the structure of the field modes as vacuum fluctuations and so it is sensitive to the extra dimensions of brane worlds. Now, in flat spacetimes of arbitrary dimension the two standard approaches to the Casimir force, Green's function, and zeta function yield the same result, but for brane world models this was only assumed. In this work we show that both approaches yield the same Casimir force in the case of universal extra dimensions and Randall-Sundrum scenarios with one and two branes added by p compact dimensions. Essentially, the details of the mode eigenfunctions that enter themore » Casimir force in the Green's function approach get removed due to their orthogonality relations with a measure involving the right hypervolume of the plates, and this leaves just the contribution coming from the zeta function approach. The present analysis corrects previous results showing a difference between the two approaches for the single brane Randall-Sundrum; this was due to an erroneous hypervolume of the plates introduced by the authors when using the Green's function. For all the models we discuss here, the resulting Casimir force can be neatly expressed in terms of two four-dimensional Casimir force contributions: one for the massless mode and the other for a tower of massive modes associated with the extra dimensions.« less

Brane-world extra dimensions in light of GW170817

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Visinelli, Luca; Bolis, Nadia; Vagnozzi, Sunny

2018-03-01

The search for extra dimensions is a challenging endeavor to probe physics beyond the Standard Model. The joint detection of gravitational waves (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) signals from the merging of a binary system of compact objects like neutron stars can help constrain the geometry of extra dimensions beyond our 3 +1 spacetime ones. A theoretically well-motivated possibility is that our observable Universe is a 3 +1 -dimensional hypersurface, or brane, embedded in a higher 4 +1 -dimensional anti-de Sitter (AdS5 ) spacetime, in which gravity is the only force which propagates through the infinite bulk space, while other forces are confined to the brane. In these types of brane-world models, GW and EM signals between two points on the brane would, in general, travel different paths. This would result in a time lag between the detection of GW and EM signals emitted simultaneously from the same source. We consider the recent near-simultaneous detection of the GW event GW170817 from the LIGO/Virgo collaboration, and its EM counterpart, the short gamma-ray burst GRB170817A detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor and the International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory Anti-Coincidence Shield spectrometer. Assuming the standard Λ -cold dark matter scenario and performing a likelihood analysis which takes into account astrophysical uncertainties associated to the measured time lag, we set an upper limit of ℓ≲0.535 Mpc at 68% confidence level on the AdS5 radius of curvature ℓ. Although the bound is not competitive with current Solar System constraints, it is the first time that data from a multimessenger GW-EM measurement is used to constrain extra-dimensional models. Thus, our work provides a proof of principle for the possibility of using multimessenger astronomy for probing the geometry of our space-time.

Spacelike brane actions.

PubMed

Hashimoto, Koji; Ho, Pei-Ming; Wang, John E

2003-04-11

We derive effective actions for "spacelike branes" (S-branes) and find a solution describing the formation of fundamental strings in the rolling tachyon background. The S-brane action is a Dirac-Born-Infeld action for Euclidean world volumes defined in the context of time-dependent tachyon condensation of non-BPS (Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield) branes. It includes gauge fields and, in particular, a scalar field associated with translation along the time direction. We show that the BIon spike solutions constructed in this system correspond to the production of a confined electric flux tube (a fundamental string) at late time of the rolling tachyon.

Bulk scalar field in brane-worlds with induced gravity inspired by the L(R) term

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heydari-Fard, M.; Sepangi, H.R., E-mail: heydarifard@qom.ac.ir, E-mail: hr-sepangi@sbu.ac.ir

2009-01-15

We obtain the effective field equations in a brane-world scenario within the framework of a DGP model where the action on the brane is an arbitrary function of the Ricci scalar, L(R), and the bulk action includes a scalar field in the matter Lagrangian. We obtain the Friedmann equations and acceleration conditions in the presence of the bulk scalar field for the R{sup n} term in four-dimensional gravity.

Brane boxes, anomalies, bending, and tadpoles

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Leigh, R.G.; Rozali, M.

1999-01-01

Certain classes of chiral four-dimensional gauge theories may be obtained as the world volume theories of D5-branes are suspended between networks of NS5-branes, the so-called brane box models. In this paper, we derive the stringy consistency conditions placed on these models, and show that they are equivalent to an anomaly cancellation of the gauge theories. We derive these conditions in the orbifold theories which are {ital T} dual to the elliptic brane box models. Specifically, we show that the expression for tadpoles for unphysical twisted Ramond-Ramond 4-form fields in the orbifold theory are proportional to the gauge anomalies of themore » brane box theory. Thus string consistency is equivalent to world volume gauge anomaly cancellation. Furthermore, we find additional cylinder amplitudes which give the {beta} functions of the gauge theory. We show how these correspond to bending of the NS-branes in the brane box theory. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}« less

Large scale structure formation of the normal branch in the DGP brane world model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Song, Yong-Seon

2008-06-15

In this paper, we study the large scale structure formation of the normal branch in the DGP model (Dvail, Gabadadze, and Porrati brane world model) by applying the scaling method developed by Sawicki, Song, and Hu for solving the coupled perturbed equations of motion of on-brane and off-brane. There is a detectable departure of perturbed gravitational potential from the cold dark matter model with vacuum energy even at the minimal deviation of the effective equation of state w{sub eff} below -1. The modified perturbed gravitational potential weakens the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect which is strengthened in the self-accelerating branch DGP model.more » Additionally, we discuss the validity of the scaling solution in the de Sitter limit at late times.« less

Taub-NUT Spacetime in the (A)dS/CFT and M-Theory [electronic resource

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clarkson, Richard

In the following thesis, I will conduct a thermodynamic analysis of the Taub-NUT spacetime in various dimensions, as well as show uses for Taub-NUT and other Hyper-Kahler spacetimes. Thermodynamic analysis (by which I mean the calculation of the entropy and other thermodynamic quantities, and the analysis of these quantities) has in the past been done by use of background subtraction. The recent derivation of the (A)dS/CFT correspondences from String theory has allowed for easier and quicker analysis. I will use Taub-NUT space as a template to test these correspondences against the standard thermodynamic calculations (via the N?ether method), with (in the Taub-NUT-dS case especially) some very interesting results. There is also interest in obtaining metrics in eleven dimensions that can be reduced down to ten dimensional string theory metrics. Taub-NUT and other Hyper-Kahler metrics already possess the form to easily facilitate the Kaluza-Klein reduction, and embedding such metricsinto eleven dimensional metrics containing M2 or M5 branes produces metrics with interesting Dp-brane results.

Highly symmetric D-brane-anti-D-brane effective actions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hatefi, Ehsan

2017-09-01

The entire S-matrix elements of four, five and six point functions of D-brane-anti D-brane system are explored. To deal with symmetries of string amplitudes as well as their all order α ' corrections we first address a four point function of one closed string Ramond-Ramond (RR) and two real tachyons on the world volume of brane-anti brane system. We then focus on symmetries of string theory as well as universal tachyon expansion to achieve both string and effective field theory of an RR and three tachyons where the complete algebraic analysis for the whole S-matrix < {V}_{C^{-1}}{V}_{T^{-1}}{V}_{T^0}{V}_{T^0}> was also revealed. Lastly, we employ all the conformal field theory techniques to < {V}_{C^{-1}}{V}_{T^{-1}}{V}_{T^0}{V}_{T^0}{V}_{T^0}> , working out with symmetries of theory and find out the expansion for the amplitude to be able to precisely discover all order singularity structures of D-brane-anti-D-brane effective actions of string theory. Various remarks about the so called generalized Veneziano amplitude and new string couplings are elaborated as well.

Nonlinear viscosity in brane-world cosmology with a Gauss–Bonnet term

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Debnath, P. S.; Beesham, A.; Paul, B. C.

2018-06-01

Cosmological solutions are obtained with nonlinear bulk viscous cosmological fluid in the Randall–Sundrum type II (RS) brane-world model with or without Gauss–Bonnet (GB) terms. To describe such a viscous fluid, we consider the nonlinear transport equation which may be used far from equilibrium during inflation or reheating. Cosmological models are explored for both (i) power law and (ii) exponential evolution of the early universe in the presence of an imperfect fluid described by the non-linear Israel and Stewart theory (nIS). We obtain analytic solutions and the complex field equations are also analyzed numerically to study the evolution of the universe. The stability analysis of the equilibrium points of the dynamical system associated with the evolution of the nonlinear bulk viscous fluid in the RS Brane in the presence (or absence) of a GB term are also studied.

Evolution of perturbations of squashed Kaluza-Klein black holes: Escape from instability

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ishihara, Hideki; Kimura, Masashi; Konoplya, Roman A.

2008-04-15

The squashed Kaluza-Klien (KK) black holes differ from the Schwarzschild black holes with asymptotic flatness or the black strings even at energies for which the KK modes are not excited yet, so that squashed KK black holes open a window in higher dimensions. Another important feature is that the squashed KK black holes are apparently stable and, thereby, let us avoid the Gregory-Laflamme instability. In the present paper, the evolution of scalar and gravitational perturbations in time and frequency domains is considered for these squashed KK black holes. The scalar field perturbations are analyzed for general rotating squashed KK blackmore » holes. Gravitational perturbations for the so-called zero mode are shown to be decayed for nonrotating black holes, in concordance with the stability of the squashed KK black holes. The correlation of quasinormal frequencies with the size of extra dimension is discussed.« less

Brane Physics in M-theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Argurio, Riccardo

1998-07-01

The thesis begins with an introduction to M-theory (at a graduate student's level), starting from perturbative string theory and proceeding to dualities, D-branes and finally Matrix theory. The following chapter treats, in a self-contained way, of general classical p-brane solutions. Black and extremal branes are reviewed, along with their semi-classical thermodynamics. We then focus on intersecting extremal branes, the intersection rules being derived both with and without the explicit use of supersymmetry. The last three chapters comprise more advanced aspects of brane physics, such as the dynamics of open branes, the little theories on the world-volume of branes and how the four dimensional Schwarzschild black hole can be mapped to an extremal configuration of branes, thus allowing for a statistical interpretation of its entropy. The original results were already reported in hep-th/9701042, hep-th/9704190, hep-th/9710027 and hep-th/9801053.

Tachyon and quintessence in brane worlds

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chimento, Luis P.; Forte, Monica; Richarte, Martin G.

2009-04-15

Using tachyon or quintessence fields along with a barotropic fluid on the brane we examine the different cosmological stages in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe, from the first radiation scenario to the later era dominated by cosmic string networks. We introduce a new algorithm to generalize previous works on exact solutions and apply it to study tachyon and quintessence fields localized on the brane. We also explore the low and high energy regimes of the solutions. Besides, we show that the tachyon and quintessence fields are driven by an inverse power law potential. Finally, we find several simple exacts solutions for tachyonmore » and/or quintessence fields.« less

Kaluza-Klein Bulk Viscous Fluid Cosmological Models and the Validity of the Second Law of Thermodynamics in f(R, T) Gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Samanta, Gauranga Charan; Myrzakulov, Ratbay; Shah, Parth

2017-04-01

The authors considered the bulk viscous fluid in f(R, T) gravity within the framework of Kaluza-Klein space time. The bulk viscous coefficient (ξ) expressed as ξ = {ξ_0} + {ξ_1}{{\\dot a} \\over a} + {ξ_2}{{\\ddot a} \\over {\\dot a}}, where ξ0, ξ1, and ξ2 are positive constants. We take p=(γ-1)ρ, where 0≤γ≤2 as an equation of state for perfect fluid. The exact solutions to the corresponding field equations are given by assuming a particular model of the form of f(R, T)=R+2f(T), where f(T)=λT, λ is constant. We studied the cosmological model in two stages, in first stage: we studied the model with no viscosity, and in second stage: we studied the model involve with viscosity. The cosmological model involve with viscosity is studied by five possible scenarios for bulk viscous fluid coefficient (ξ). The total bulk viscous coefficient seems to be negative, when the bulk viscous coefficient is proportional to {ξ _2}{{\\ddot a} \\over {\\dot a}}, hence, the second law of thermodynamics is not valid; however, it is valid with the generalised second law of thermodynamics. The total bulk viscous coefficient seems to be positive, when the bulk viscous coefficient is proportional to ξ = {ξ _1}{{\\dot a} \\over a} + {ξ _2}{{\\ddot a} \\over {\\dot a}} and ξ = {ξ _0} + {ξ _1}{{\\dot a} \\over a} + {ξ _2}{{\\ddot a} \\over {\\dot a}}, so the second law of thermodynamics and the generalised second law of thermodynamics is satisfied throughout the evolution. We calculate statefinder parameters of the model and observed that it is different from the ∧CDM model. Finally, some physical and geometrical properties of the models are discussed.

Instantons in Script N = 2 magnetized D-brane worlds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Billò, Marco; Frau, Marialuisa; Pesando, Igor; Di Vecchia, Paolo; Lerda, Alberto; Marotta, Raffaele

2007-10-01

In a toroidal orbifold of type IIB string theory we study instanton effects in Script N = 2 super Yang-Mills theories engineered with systems of wrapped magnetized D9 branes and Euclidean D5 branes. We analyze the various open string sectors in this brane system and study the 1-loop amplitudes described by annulus diagrams with mixed boundary conditions, explaining their rôle in the stringy instanton calculus. We show in particular that the non-holomorphic terms in these annulus amplitudes precisely reconstruct the appropriate Kähler metric factors that are needed to write the instanton correlators in terms of purely holomorphic variables. We also explicitly derive the correct holomorphic structure of the instanton induced low energy effective action in the Coulomb branch.

Continuous spin representations from group contraction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khan, Abu M.; Ramond, Pierre

2005-05-01

We consider how the continuous spin representation (CSR) of the Poincaré group in four dimensions can be generated by dimensional reduction. The analysis uses the front-form little group in five dimensions, which must yield the Euclidean group E(2), the little group of the CSR. We consider two cases, one is the single spin massless representation of the Poincaré group in five dimensions, the other is the infinite component Majorana equation, which describes an infinite tower of massive states in five dimensions. In the first case, the double singular limit j, R →∞, with j /R fixed, where R is the Kaluza-Klein radius of the fifth dimension, and j is the spin of the particle in five dimensions, yields the CSR in four dimensions. It amounts to the Inönü-Wigner contraction, with the inverse Kaluza-Klein radius as contraction parameter. In the second case, the CSR appears only by taking a triple singular limit, where an internal coordinate of the Majorana theory goes to infinity, while leaving its ratio to the Kaluza-Klein radius fixed.

Enhanced Higgs mass in Compact Supersymmetry

DOE PAGES

Tobioka, Kohsaku; Kitano, Ryuichiro; Murayama, Hitoshi

2016-04-05

The current LHC results make weak scale supersymmetry difficult due to relatively heavy mass of the discovered Higgs boson and the null results of new particle searches. Geometrical supersymmetry breaking from extra dimensions, Scherk-Schwarz mechanism, is possible to accommodate such situations. A concrete example, the Compact Supersymmetry model, has a compressed spectrum ameliorating the LHC bounds and large mixing in the top and scalar top quark sector with (Formula presented.) which radiatively raises the Higgs mass. And while the zero mode contribution of the model has been considered, in this paper we calculate the Kaluza-Klein tower effect to the Higgsmore » mass. Although such contributions are naively expected to be as small as a percent level for 10 TeV Kaluza-Klein modes, we find the effect significantly enhances the radiative correction to the Higgs quartic coupling by from 10 to 50%. This is mainly because the top quark wave function is pushed out from the brane, which makes the top mass depend on higher powers in the Higgs field. And, as a result the Higgs mass is enhanced up to 15 GeV from the previous calculation. We also show the whole parameter space is testable at the LHC run II.« less

Cosmic microwave background radiation anisotropies in brane worlds.

PubMed

Koyama, Kazuya

2003-11-28

We propose a new formulation to calculate the cosmic microwave background (CMB) spectrum in the Randall-Sundrum two-brane model based on recent progress in solving the bulk geometry using a low energy approximation. The evolution of the anisotropic stress imprinted on the brane by the 5D Weyl tensor is calculated. An impact of the dark radiation perturbation on the CMB spectrum is investigated in a simple model assuming an initially scale-invariant adiabatic perturbation. The dark radiation perturbation induces isocurvature perturbations, but the resultant spectrum can be quite different from the prediction of simple mixtures of adiabatic and isocurvature perturbations due to Weyl anisotropic stress.

Large extra dimensions, sterile neutrinos and solar neutrino data.

PubMed

Caldwell, D O; Mohapatra, R N; Yellin, S J

2001-07-23

Solar, atmospheric, and LSND neutrino oscillation results require a light sterile neutrino, nu(B), which can exist in the bulk of extra dimensions. Solar nu(e), confined to the brane, can oscillate in the vacuum to the zero mode of nu(B) and via successive Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein transitions to Kaluza-Klein states of nu(B). This new way to fit solar data is provided by both low and intermediate string scale models. From average rates seen in the three types of solar experiments, the Super-Kamiokande spectrum is predicted with 73% probability, but dips characteristic of the 0.06 mm extra dimension should be seen in the SNO spectrum.

Exact Holography of Massive M2-brane Theories and Entanglement Entropy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jang, Dongmin; Kim, Yoonbai; Kwon, O.-Kab; Tolla, D. D.

2018-01-01

We test the gauge/gravity duality between the N = 6 mass-deformed ABJM theory with Uk(N) × U-k(N) gauge symmetry and the 11-dimensional supergravity on LLM geometries with SO(4)=ℤk × SO(4)=ℤk isometry. Our analysis is based on the evaluation of vacuum expectation values of chiral primary operators from the supersymmetric vacua of mass-deformed ABJM theory and from the implementation of Kaluza-Klein (KK) holography to the LLM geometries. We focus on the chiral primary operator (CPO) with conformal dimension Δ = 1. The non-vanishing vacuum expectation value (vev) implies the breaking of conformal symmetry. In that case, we show that the variation of the holographic entanglement entropy (HEE) from it's value in the CFT, is related to the non-vanishing one-point function due to the relevant deformation as well as the source field. Applying Ryu Takayanagi's HEE conjecture to the 4-dimensional gravity solutions, which are obtained from the KK reduction of the 11-dimensional LLM solutions, we calculate the variation of the HEE. We show how the vev and the value of the source field determine the HEE.

Introduction to the AdS/CFT Correspondence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nąstase, Horaǧiu

2015-09-01

Preface; Introduction; Part I. Background: 1. Elements of quantum field theory and gauge theory; 2. Basics of general relativity. Anti-de Sitter space; 3. Basics of supersymmetry; 4. Basics of supergravity; 5. Kaluza-Klein dimensional reduction; 6. Black holes and p-branes; 7. String theory actions and spectra; 8. Elements of conformal field theory; 9. D-branes; Part II. Basics of AdS/CFT for N = 4 SYM vs AdS5 × S5: 10. The AdS/CFT correspondence: motivation, definition and spectra; 11. Witten prescription and 3-point correlator calculations; 12. Holography in Lorentzian signature: Poincaré and global; 13. Solitonic objects in AdS/CFT; 14. Quarks and the Wilson loop; 15. Finite temperature and N = 4 SYM plasmas; 16. Scattering processes and gravitational shockwave limit; 17. The pp-wave correspondence; 18. Spin chains; Part III. AdS/CFT Developments and Gauge-Gravity Dualities: 19. Other conformal cases; 20. The 3 dimensional ABJM model vs. AdS4 × CP3; 21. Gravity duals; 22. Holographic renormalization; 23. RG flow between fixed points; 24. Phenomenological gauge-gravity duality I: AdS/QCD; 25. Phenomenological gauge-gravity duality II: AdS/CMT; 26. Gluon scattering: the Alday-Maldacena prescription; 27. Holographic entanglement entropy: the Ryu-Takayanagi prescription.

Vacuum Polarization in AN Anti-De Sitter Space as AN Origin for a Cosmological Constant in a Brane World

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Li-Xin

We show that the vacuum polarization of quantum fields in an anti-de Sitter space can naturally give rise to a small but nonzero cosmological constant in a brane world living in it. To explain the extremely small ratio of mass density in the cosmological constant to the Planck mass density in our universe (≈10-123) as suggested by cosmological observations, all we need is a four-dimensional brane world (our universe) living in a five-dimensional anti-de Sitter space with a curvature radius r0 10-3 cm and a fundamental Planck energy MP 109 GeV, and a scalar field with a mass m ˜ r-10 ˜ 10-2 eV. Probing gravity down to a scale 10-3 cm, which is attainable in the near future, will provide a test of the model.

Brane - Anti-Brane Democracy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rajaraman, Arvind

2003-06-02

We suggest a duality invariant formula for the entropy and temperature of nonextreme black holes in supersymmetric string theory. The entropy is given in terms of the duality invariant parameter of the deviation from extremality and 56 SU(8) covariant central charges. It interpolates between the entropies of Schwarzschild solution and extremal solutions with various amount of unbroken supersymmetries and therefore serves for classification of black holes in supersymmetric string theories. We introduce the second auxiliary 56 via E(7) symmetric constraint. The symmetric and antisymmetric combinations of these two multiplets are related via moduli to the corresponding two fundamental representations ofmore » E(7): brane and anti-brane ''numbers.'' Using the CPT as well as C symmetry of the entropy formula and duality one can explain the mysterious simplicity of the non-extreme black hole area formula in terms of branes and anti-branes.« less

Radiative Kähler moduli stabilization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kobayashi, Tatsuo; Omoto, Naoya; Otsuka, Hajime; Tatsuishi, Takuya H.

2018-05-01

We propose a new type of Kähler moduli stabilization mechanisms in type IIB superstring theory on Calabi-Yau manifolds with the positive Euler number. The overall Kähler modulus can be perturbatively stabilized by radiative corrections due to sparticles. Its minimum is the anti-de Sitter vacuum, where supersymmetry is broken. We can uplift it to the de Sitter vacuum by introducing anti-D-branes, keeping the modulus stabilized. Although our numerical results depend on the choice of the cutoff scale and degeneracies of sparticles, at any rate there exist the parameter spaces where the masses of Kaluza-Klein and stringy modes are larger than the cutoff scale. Furthermore, this stabilization scenario predicts an ultralight axion.

Inflationary solutions in the brane world and their geometrical interpretation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khoury, Justin; Steinhardt, Paul J.; Waldram, Daniel

2001-05-01

We consider the cosmology of a pair of domain walls bounding a five-dimensional bulk space-time with a negative cosmological constant, in which the distance between the branes is not fixed in time. Although there are strong arguments to suggest that this distance should be stabilized in the present epoch, no such constraints exist for the early universe and thus non-static solutions might provide relevant inflationary scenarios. We find the general solution for the standard ansatz where the bulk is foliated by planar-symmetric hypersurfaces. We show that in all cases the bulk geometry is that of anti-de Sitter (AdS5) space. We then present a geometrical interpretation for the solutions as embeddings of two de Sitter (dS4) surfaces in AdS5, which provide a simple interpretation of the physical properties of the solutions. A notable feature explained in the analysis is that two-way communication between branes expanding away from one another is possible for a finite amount of time, after which communication can proceed in one direction only. The geometrical picture also shows that our class of solutions (and related solutions in the literature) is not completely general, contrary to some claims. We then derive the most general solution for two walls in AdS5. This includes novel cosmologies where the brane tensions are not constrained to have opposite signs. The construction naturally generalizes to arbitrary FRW cosmologies on the branes.

Gravity and antigravity in a brane world with metastable gravitons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gregory, R.; Rubakov, V. A.; Sibiryakov, S. M.

2000-09-01

In the framework of a five-dimensional three-brane model with quasi-localized gravitons we evaluate metric perturbations induced on the positive tension brane by matter residing thereon. We find that at intermediate distances, the effective four-dimensional theory coincides, up to small corrections, with General Relativity. This is in accord with Csaki, Erlich and Hollowood and in contrast to Dvali, Gabadadze and Porrati. We show, however, that at ultra-large distances this effective four-dimensional theory becomes dramatically different: conventional tensor gravity changes into scalar anti-gravity.

Black hole formation due to collapsing dark matter in a presence of dark energy in the brane-world scenario

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shah, Hasrat Hussain

In the last three to four decades, various programs have been studied in order to investigate the final fate of gravitational collapse of massive astronomical objects. In the theoretical context, Black Holes (BHs) are the consequence of final stage of the gravitational collapse. In this work, we investigated the gravitational collapse process of a spherically symmetric star constituted of dark matter (DM), ρM, and Dark Energy (DE), ρ in the context of the brane-world scenario. In our model, we discussed the anisotropy of the pressure in a fluid with Equation of State (EoS) pt = kρ and pr = lρ, (l + 2k < ‑1). We briefly discussed various cases of gravitational collapse and it is found that BH can be formed by the gravitational collapse in brane-world regime while in some cases there is only a naked singularity at their end state.

Étude de la Production de Gravitation de Kaluza-Klein dans ses Désintégrations en Paires de Muons dans le Modèl de Randall-Sundrum auprès de l'Expérience D0 au Tevatron (in French)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lahrichi, Nadia

2004-06-01

In this thesis we have put the first constraints on t he fundamental parameters of the Randall-Sundnun model of extra dimensions,more » $$k / M_{pl}$$ which is proportional to the coupling of the graviton to the standard model fields and $$M_G$$ which is the mass of the first excited state of t he Kaluza-Klein graviton. The analysis perfomed on Monte carlo sample of the sign al allowed to find an error in the PYTHIA generator. The elaboration of an independent generator dedicated for this special analysis helped to find out and correct the error. The data sample used for the an alysis covers the period running fron1 november 2002 up to July 2002 taken by the Dzero collaboration at Tevatron, which corresponds to an accumulated lumninosity of 107,8 pb-1 . The search for the graviton in the dinmon channel allowed to rnea.sure the Z production cross-section t irnes the branching ratio in dimuons.« less

Higher-dimensional lifts of Killing-Yano forms with torsion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chow, David D. K.

2017-01-01

Using a Kaluza-Klein-type lift, it is shown how Killing-Yano forms with torsion can remain symmetries of a higher-dimensional geometry, subject to an algebraic condition between the Kaluza-Klein field strength and the Killing-Yano form. The lift condition’s significance is highlighted, and is satisfied by examples of black holes in supergravity.

Brane world in non-Riemannian geometry

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Maier, R.; Falciano, F. T.

2011-03-15

We carefully investigate the modified Einstein's field equation in a 4-dimensional (3-brane) arbitrary manifold embedded in a 5-dimensional non-Riemannian bulk spacetime with a noncompact extra dimension. In this context the Israel-Darmois matching conditions are extended assuming that the torsion in the bulk is continuous. The discontinuity in the torsion first derivatives are related to the matter distribution through the field equation. In addition, we develop a model that describes a flat FLRW model embedded in a 5-dimensional de Sitter or anti-de Sitter, where a 5-dimensional cosmological constant emerges from the torsion.

Deformation of N = 4 SYM with varying couplings via fluxes and intersecting branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Choi, Jaewang; Fernández-Melgarejo, José J.; Sugimoto, Shigeki

2018-03-01

We study deformations of N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with space-time dependent couplings by embedding probe D3-branes in supergravity backgrounds with non-trivial fluxes. The effective action on the world-volume of the D3-branes is analyzed and a map between the deformation parameters and the fluxes is obtained. As an explicit example, we consider D3-branes in a background corresponding to ( p, q) 5-branes intersecting them and show that the effective theory on the D3-branes precisely agrees with the supersymmetric Janus configuration found by Gaiotto and Witten in [1]. D3-branes in an intersecting D3-brane background is also analyzed and the D3-brane effective action reproduces one of the supersymmetric configurations with ISO(1 , 1) × SO(2) × SO(4) symmetry found in our previous paper [2].

Black hole as a point radiator and recoil effect on the brane world.

PubMed

Frolov, Valeri; Stojković, Dejan

2002-10-07

A small black hole attached to a brane in a higher-dimensional space emitting quanta into the bulk may leave the brane as a result of a recoil. We construct a field theory model in which such a black hole is described as a massive scalar particle with internal degrees of freedom. In this model, the probability of transition between the different internal levels is identical to the probability of thermal emission calculated for the Schwarzschild black hole. The discussed recoil effect implies that the thermal emission of the black holes, which might be created by interaction of high energy particles in colliders, could be terminated and the energy nonconservation can be observed in the brane experiments.

Branes in Extended Spacetime: Brane Worldvolume Theory Based on Duality Symmetry.

PubMed

Sakatani, Yuho; Uehara, Shozo

2016-11-04

We propose a novel approach to the brane worldvolume theory based on the geometry of extended field theories: double field theory and exceptional field theory. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by showing that one can reproduce the conventional bosonic string and membrane actions, and the M5-brane action in the weak-field approximation. At a glance, the proposed 5-brane action without approximation looks different from the known M5-brane actions, but it is consistent with the known nonlinear self-duality relation, and it may provide a new formulation of a single M5-brane action. Actions for exotic branes are also discussed.

On Closed Timelike Curves and Warped Brane World Models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Slagter, Reinoud Jan

2013-09-01

At first glance, it seems possible to construct in general relativity theory causality violating solutions. The most striking one is the Gott spacetime. Two cosmic strings, approaching each other with high velocity, could produce closed timelike curves. It was quickly recognized that this solution violates physical boundary conditions. The effective one particle generator becomes hyperbolic, so the center of mass is tachyonic. On a 5-dimensional warped spacetime, it seems possible to get an elliptic generator, so no obstruction is encountered and the velocity of the center of mass of the effective particle has an overlap with the Gott region. So a CTC could, in principle, be constructed. However, from the effective 4D field equations on the brane, which are influenced by the projection of the bulk Weyl tensor on the brane, it follows that no asymptotic conical space time is found, so no angle deficit as in the 4D counterpart model. This could also explain why we do not observe cosmic strings.

D-brane solutions under market panic

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pincak, Richard

The relativistic quantum mechanic approach is used to develop stock market dynamics. The relativistic is conceptional here as the meaning of big external volatility or volatility shock on a financial market. We used a differential geometry approach with the parallel transport of prices to obtain a direct shift of the stock price movement. The prices are represented here as electrons with different spin orientation. Up and down orientations of the spin particle are likened here to an increase or a decrease of stock prices. The parallel transport of stock prices is enriched by Riemann curvature, which describes some arbitrage opportunities in the market. To solve the stock-price dynamics, we used the Dirac equation for bispinors on the spherical brane-world. We found out that when a spherical brane is abbreviated to the disk on the equator, we converge to the ideal behavior of financial market where Black-Scholes as well as semi-classical equations are sufficient. Full spherical brane-world scenarios can describe non-equilibrium market behavior where all arbitrage opportunities as well as transaction costs are taken into account. Real application of the model to the option pricing was done. The model developed in this paper brings quantitative different results of option pricing dynamics in the case of nonzero Riemann curvature.

AdS5 solutions from M5-branes on Riemann surface and D6-branes sources

DOE PAGES

Bah, Ibrahima

2015-09-24

Here, we describe the gravity duals of four-dimensional N = 1 superconformal field theories obtained by wrapping M5-branes on a punctured Riemann surface. The internal geometry, normal to the AdS 5 factor, generically preserves two U(1)s, with generators (J +, J –), that are fibered over the Riemann surface. The metric is governed by a single potential that satisfies a version of the Monge-Ampère equation. The spectrum of N = 1 punctures is given by the set of supersymmetric sources of the potential that are localized on the Riemann surface and lead to regular metrics near a puncture. We usemore » this system to study a class of punctures where the geometry near the sources corresponds to M-theory description of D6-branes. These carry a natural (p, q) label associated to the circle dual to the killing vector pJ + + qJ – which shrinks near the source. In the generic case the world volume of the D6-branes is AdS 5 × S 2 and they locally preserve N = 2 supersymmetry. When p = –q, the shrinking circle is dual to a flavor U(1). The metric in this case is non-degenerate only when there are co-dimension one sources obtained by smearing M5-branes that wrap the AdS 5 factor and the circle dual the superconformal R-symmetry. The D6-branes are extended along the AdS 5 and on cups that end on the co-dimension one branes. In the special case when the shrinking circle is dual to the R-symmetry, the D6-branes are extended along the AdS 5 and wrap an auxiliary Riemann surface with an arbitrary genus. When the Riemann surface is compact with constant curvature, the system is governed by a Monge-Ampère equation.« less

Brane universes with Gauss-Bonnet-induced-gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brown, Richard A.

2007-04-01

The DGP brane world model allows us to get the observed late time acceleration via modified gravity, without the need for a “dark energy” field. This can then be generalised by the inclusion of high energy terms, in the form of a Gauss-Bonnet bulk. This is the basis of the Gauss-Bonnet-Induced-Gravity (GBIG) model explored here with both early and late time modifications to the cosmological evolution. Recently the simplest GBIG models (Minkowski bulk and no brane tension) have been analysed. Two of the three possible branches in these models start with a finite density “Big-Bang” and with late time acceleration. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of more general models where we include a bulk cosmological constant and brane tension. We show that by including these factors it is possible to have late time phantom behaviour.

Effect of bulk Lorentz violation on anisotropic brane cosmologies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heydari-Fard, Malihe, E-mail: heydarifard@qom.ac.ir

2012-04-01

The effect of Lorentz invariance violation in cosmology has attracted a considerable amount of attention. By using a dynamical vector field assumed to point in the bulk direction, with Lorentz invariance holding on the brane, we extend the notation of Lorentz violation in four dimensions Jacobson to a five-dimensional brane-world. We obtain the general solution of the field equations in an exact parametric form for Bianchi type I space-time, with perfect fluid as a matter source. We show that the brane universe evolves from an isotropic/anisotropic state to an isotropic de Sitter inflationary phase at late time. The early timemore » behavior of anisotropic brane universe is largely dependent on the Lorentz violating parameters β{sub i},i = 1,2,3 and the equation of state of the matter, while its late time behavior is independent of these parameters.« less

Gauge/Gravity correspondence and black hole attractors in various dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Wei

This thesis investigates several topics on Gauge/Gravity correspondence and black hole attractors in various dimensions. The first chapter contains a brief review and summary of main results. Chapters 2 and 3 aim at a microscopic description of black objects in five dimensions. Chapter 2 studies higher-derivative corrections for 5D black rings and spinning black holes. It shows that certain R 2 terms found in Calabi-Yau compactifications of M-theory yield macroscopic corrections to the entropies that match the microscopic corrections. Chapter 3 constructs probe brane configurations that preserve half of the enhanced near-horizon supersymmetry of 5D spinning black holes, whose near-horizon geometry is squashed AdS2 x S 3. There are supersymmetric zero-brane probes stabilized by orbital angular momentum on S3 and one-brane probes with momentum and winding around a U(1)L x U(1)R torus in S3. Chapter 4 constructs and analyzes generic single-centered and multi-centered black hole attractor solutions in various four-dimensional models which, after Kaluza-Klein reduction, admit a description in terms of 3D gravity coupled to a sigma model whose target space is symmetric coset space. The solutions correspond to certain nilpotent generators of the coset algebra. The non-BPS black hole attractors are found to be drastically different from their BPS counterparts. Chapter 5 examines three-dimensional topologically massive gravity with negative cosmological constant in asymptotically AdS 3 spacetimes. It proves that the theory is unitary and stable only at a special value of Chern-Simons coupling, where the theory becomes chiral. This suggests the existence of a stable, consistent quantum gravity theory at the chiral point which is dual to a holomorphic boundary CFT 2. Finally, Chapter 6 studies the two-dimensional N = 1 critical string theory with a linear dilaton background. It constructs time-dependent boundary state solutions that correspond to D0-branes falling toward the

BlackMax: A black-hole event generator with rotation, recoil, split branes, and brane tension

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dai, De-Chang; Starkman, Glenn; Stojkovic, Dejan; Issever, Cigdem; Rizvi, Eram; Tseng, Jeff

2008-04-01

We present a comprehensive black-hole event generator, BlackMax, which simulates the experimental signatures of microscopic and Planckian black-hole production and evolution at the LHC in the context of brane world models with low-scale quantum gravity. The generator is based on phenomenologically realistic models free of serious problems that plague low-scale gravity, thus offering more realistic predictions for hadron-hadron colliders. The generator includes all of the black-hole gray-body factors known to date and incorporates the effects of black-hole rotation, splitting between the fermions, nonzero brane tension, and black-hole recoil due to Hawking radiation (although not all simultaneously). The generator can be interfaced with Herwig and Pythia. The main code can be downloaded from http://www-pnp.physics.ox.ac.uk/~issever/BlackMax/blackmax.html.

Giant graviton interactions and M2-branes ending on multiple M5-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hirano, Shinji; Sato, Yuki

2018-05-01

We study splitting and joining interactions of giant gravitons with angular momenta N 1/2 ≪ J ≪ N in the type IIB string theory on AdS 5 × S 5 by describing them as instantons in the tiny graviton matrix model introduced by Sheikh-Jabbari. At large J the instanton equation can be mapped to the four-dimensional Laplace equation and the Coulomb potential for m point charges in an n-sheeted Riemann space corresponds to the m-to- n interaction process of giant gravitons. These instantons provide the holographic dual of correlators of all semi-heavy operators and the instanton amplitudes exactly agree with the pp-wave limit of Schur polynomial correlators in N = 4 SYM computed by Corley, Jevicki and Ramgoolam. By making a slight change of variables the same instanton equation is mathematically transformed into the Basu-Harvey equation which describes the system of M2-branes ending on M5-branes. As it turns out, the solutions to the sourceless Laplace equation on an n-sheeted Riemann space correspond to n M5-branes connected by M2-branes and we find general solutions representing M2-branes ending on multiple M5-branes. Among other solutions, the n = 3 case describes an M2-branes junction ending on three M5-branes. The effective theory on the moduli space of our solutions might shed light on the low energy effective theory of multiple M5-branes.

Low-scale warped extra dimension and its predilection for multiple top quarks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jung, Sunghoon; Wells, James D.

2010-11-01

Within warped extra dimension models that explain flavor through geometry, flavor changing neutral current constraints generally force the Kaluza-Klein scale to be above many TeV. This creates tension with a natural electroweak scale. On the other hand, a much lower scale compatible with precision electroweak and flavor changing neutral current constraints is allowed if we decouple the Kaluza-Klein states of Standard Model gauge bosons from light fermions ( c light ≃ c b ≃ 0 .5 bulk mass parameters). The main signature for this approach is four top quark production via the Kaluza-Klein excitations’ strong coupling to top quarks. We study single lepton, like-sign dilepton, and trilepton observables of four-top events at the Large Hadron Collider. The like-sign dilepton signature typically has the largest discovery potential for a strongly coupled right-handed top case ( M KK ˜ 2 - 2 .5 TeV), while single lepton is the better when the left-handed top couples most strongly ( M KK ˜ 2 TeV). We also describe challenging lepton-jet collimation issues in the like-sign dilepton and trilepton channels. An alternative single lepton observable is considered which takes advantage of the many bottom quarks in the final state. Although searches of other particles may compete, we find that four top production via Kaluza-Klein gluons is most promising in a large region of this parameter space.

Holographic butterfly velocities in brane geometry and Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with matters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Wung-Hong

2018-03-01

In the first part of the paper we generalize the butterfly velocity formula to anisotropic spacetime. We apply the formula to evaluate the butterfly velocities in M-branes, D-branes, and strings backgrounds. We show that the butterfly velocities in M2-branes, M5-branes and the intersection M 2 ⊥ M 5 equal to those in fundamental strings, D4-branes and the intersection F 1 ⊥ D 4 backgrounds, respectively. These observations lead us to conjecture that the butterfly velocity is generally invariant under a double-dimensional reduction. In the second part of the paper, we study the butterfly velocity for Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with arbitrary matter fields. A general formula is obtained. We use this formula to compute the butterfly velocities in different backgrounds and discuss the associated properties.

BlackMax: A black-hole event generator with rotation, recoil, split branes, and brane tension

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dai Dechang; Starkman, Glenn; Stojkovic, Dejan

2008-04-01

We present a comprehensive black-hole event generator, BlackMax, which simulates the experimental signatures of microscopic and Planckian black-hole production and evolution at the LHC in the context of brane world models with low-scale quantum gravity. The generator is based on phenomenologically realistic models free of serious problems that plague low-scale gravity, thus offering more realistic predictions for hadron-hadron colliders. The generator includes all of the black-hole gray-body factors known to date and incorporates the effects of black-hole rotation, splitting between the fermions, nonzero brane tension, and black-hole recoil due to Hawking radiation (although not all simultaneously). The generator can bemore » interfaced with Herwig and Pythia. The main code can be downloaded from http://www-pnp.physics.ox.ac.uk/{approx}issever/BlackMax/blackmax.html.« less

REVIEWS OF TOPICAL PROBLEMS: Cosmological branes and macroscopic extra dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barvinsky, Andrei O.

2005-06-01

The idea of adding extra dimensions to the physical world — thus making the observable universe a timelike surface (or brane) embedded in a higher-dimensional space-time — is briefly reviewed, which is believed to hold serious promise for solving fundamental problems concerning the hierarchy of physical interactions and the cosmological constant. Brane localization of massless gravitons is discussed as a mechanism leading to the effective four-dimensional Einstein gravity theory on the brane in the low-energy limit. It is shown that this mechanism is a corollary of the AdS/CFT correspondence principle well-known from string theory. Inflation and other cosmological evolution scenarios induced by the local and nonlocal structures of the effective action of the gravitational brane are considered, as are the effects that enable the developing gravitational-wave astronomy to be used in the search for extra dimensions. Finally, a new approach to the cosmological constant and cosmological acceleration problems is discussed, which involves variable local and nonlocal gravitational 'constants' arising in the infrared modifications of the Einstein theory that incorporate brane-induced gravity models and models of massive gravitons.

Kleine-Levin Syndrome

MedlinePlus

... between Kleine-Levin syndrome and certain mood disorders, lithium and carbamazepine may be prescribed and, in some ... between Kleine-Levin syndrome and certain mood disorders, lithium and carbamazepine may be prescribed and, in some ...

A new look at the theory of Melanie Klein.

PubMed

Stein, R

1990-01-01

This paper tried to show that Melanie Klein's theory can very profitably be viewed as a descriptive theory of strong emotions rather than an instinct or developmental theory. Furthermore, since in Klein's thinking feelings 'create' objects, the primacy of feelings in this theory is central. The paper contains a short chronological study of Klein's formulations of psychic phenomena in terms of affects. It is also maintained that the paranoid-schizoid and the depressive positions are constellations of affects and of reactions to them; that psychic development is essentially in terms of the capacity to tolerate feelings, and that the basic conflict in mental life is between feelings of love and hate and associated feelings. Such a view solves many of the conceptual difficulties of Kleinian theory and in addition promises rewarding insights into the world of feelings.

Topological charges in SL(2,R) covariant massive 11-dimensional and type IIB supergravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Callister, Andrew K.; Smith, Douglas J.

2009-12-15

In this paper we construct closed expressions that correspond to the topological charges of the various 1/2-BPS states of the maximal 10- and 11-dimensional supergravity theories. These expressions are related to the structure of the supersymmetry algebras in curved spacetimes. We mainly focus on IIB supergravity and 11-dimensional supergravity in a double M9-brane background, with an emphasis on the SL(2,R) multiplet structure of the charges and how these map between theories. This includes the charges corresponding to the multiplets of 7- and 9-branes in IIB. We find that examining the possible multiplet structures of the charges provides another tool formore » exploring the spectrum of BPS states that appear in these theories. As a prerequisite to constructing the charges we determine the field equations and multiplet structure of the 11-dimensional gauge potentials, extending previous results on the subject. The massive gauge transformations of the fields are also discussed. We also demonstrate how these massive gauge transformations are compatible with the construction of an SL(2,R) covariant kinetic term in the 11-dimensional Kaluza-Klein monopole worldvolume action.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aliev, Alikram N.; Cebeci, Hakan; Dereli, Tekin

We present an exact solution describing a stationary and axisymmetric object with electromagnetic and dilaton fields. The solution generalizes the usual Kerr-Taub-NUT (Newman-Unti-Tamburino) spacetime in general relativity and is obtained by boosting this spacetime in the fifth dimension and performing a Kaluza-Klein reduction to four dimensions. We also discuss the physical parameters of this solution and calculate its gyromagnetic ratio.

On asymptotic behavior of anisotropic branes with induced gravity inspired by L(R) term

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heydari-Fard, Malihe, E-mail: heydarifard@qom.ac.ir

2010-12-01

The DGP brane-world scenario provides the accelerated expansion of the universe at late-time by large-distance modification of general relativity without any need for dark energy. Using the method in reference [33], we investigate the asymptotic behavior of homogeneous and anisotropic cosmologies on a generalization of DGP scenario where the effective theory of gravity induced on the brane is given by a L(R) term. We show that for a constant induced curvature term on the brane all Bianchi models except type IX isotropize, like general relativity, if the effective energy density and E{sub ab} term satisfy some energy conditions. Finally, wemore » compare the result of the model with the result of anisotropic DGP branes and general relativity.« less

Extended generalized geometry and a DBI-type effective action for branes ending on branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jurčo, Branislav; Schupp, Peter; Vysoký, Jan

2014-08-01

Starting from the Nambu-Goto bosonic membrane action, we develop a geometric description suitable for p-brane backgrounds. With tools of generalized geometry we derive the pertinent generalization of the string open-closed relations to the p-brane case. Nambu-Poisson structures are used in this context to generalize the concept of semi-classical noncommutativity of D-branes governed by a Poisson tensor. We find a natural description of the correspondence of recently proposed commutative and noncommutative versions of an effective action for p-branes ending on a p '-brane. We calculate the power series expansion of the action in background independent gauge. Leading terms in the double scaling limit are given by a generalization of a (semi-classical) matrix model.

Melanie Klein and Anna Freud: the discourse of the early dispute.

PubMed

Viner, R

1996-01-01

Divisions in the field of the psychoanalysis of children can be traced to a dispute over the infantile super-ego between the theorists Melanie Klein and Anna Freud beginning in 1927. These divisions are understood within the analytic world as the result of scientific disputation between alternative valid theories. An examination of the language, claims, and epistemology of Klein's and Freud's publications in 1927 that marked the public commencement of the conflict, reveals a personalized discourse in which authority was derived from the allegiance, experience, and personal analytic standing of the contestants as much as from theoretical insight. The structure and rhetoric of the debate suggest that, rather than terminating the dispute, the publications of 1927 served to encourage professionalization in child analysis and establish Anna Freud and Melanie Klein as authoritative alternative theorists.

Spherical D-brane by tachyon condensation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Asakawa, Tsuguhiko; Matsuura, So

2018-03-01

We find a novel tachyon condensation which provides a D-brane system with spherical worldvolume in the flat spacetime. The tachyon profile is a deformation of a known D0-brane solution on non-BPS D3-branes in type IIA superstring theory, which realizes a bound state of a spherical D2-brane and a D0-brane. The D0-brane is resolved into the sphere as a U(1) monopole flux of the unit magnetic charge. We show that the system has the correct tension and the RR-coupling. Although the low-energy effective action of the system is the same as that of the dual description of the fuzzy sphere solution of multiple D0-branes, our system cannot be equivalent to the fuzzy sphere. The use of projective modules in describing the tachyon condensation is emphasized.

Energy in higher-dimensional spacetimes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barzegar, Hamed; Chruściel, Piotr T.; Hörzinger, Michael

2017-12-01

We derive expressions for the total Hamiltonian energy of gravitating systems in higher-dimensional theories in terms of the Riemann tensor, allowing a cosmological constant Λ ∈R . Our analysis covers asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetimes, asymptotically flat spacetimes, as well as Kaluza-Klein asymptotically flat spacetimes. We show that the Komar mass equals the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) mass in stationary asymptotically flat spacetimes in all dimensions, generalizing the four-dimensional result of Beig, and that this is no longer true with Kaluza-Klein asymptotics. We show that the Hamiltonian mass does not necessarily coincide with the ADM mass in Kaluza-Klein asymptotically flat spacetimes, and that the Witten positivity argument provides a lower bound for the Hamiltonian mass—and not for the ADM mass—in terms of the electric charge. We illustrate our results on the five-dimensional Rasheed metrics, which we study in some detail, pointing out restrictions that arise from the requirement of regularity, which have gone seemingly unnoticed so far in the literature.

Erna and Melanie Klein.

PubMed

Tabak de Bianchedi, Elizabeth; Etchegoyen, R Horacio; Ungar de Moreno, Virginia; Nemas de Urman, Clara; Zysman, Samuel

2003-12-01

Erna was one of the child patients treated by Melanie Klein in Berlin, employing her recently discovered play technique. Since Erna died in Chile, the authors considered the IPA Congress in Santiago an opportunity to present a paper as a homage both to Erna and, especially, to Klein. She learned much from that very disturbed child, which she later used to sustain the ongoing development of her theories. The paper explores biographic data relevant to understanding both the case and the theories. It analyses the case material to follow Klein in the discovery and the handling of the child's transference and the harsh expressions of hate, jealousy and envy, which are brought in, with sad consequences, by strong persecutory feelings. Klein's comparison of this case with that of Freud's Wolf-man is also considered, mostly to show that the similarities were less than originally claimed, and that Klein, perhaps, was introducing a theoretic shift which led her technique to gradually change from 'Nachträglichkeit' to the 'signification-resignification' pair, akin to Strachey's concept of the mutative interpretation. Lastly, the comprehension of Erna's strong psychotic traits and the links with later developments of the theory on psychosis are studied.

Charged chiral fermions from M5-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lambert, Neil; Owen, Miles

2018-04-01

We study M5-branes wrapped on a multi-centred Taub-NUT space. Reducing to String Theory on the S 1 fibration leads to D4-branes intersecting with D6-branes. D-braneology shows that there are additional charged chiral fermions from the open strings which stretch between the D4-branes and D6-branes. From the M-theory point of view the appearance of these charged states is mysterious as the M5-branes are wrapped on a smooth manifold. In this paper we show how these states arise in the M5-brane worldvolume theory and argue that are governed by a WZWN-like model where the topological term is five-dimensional.

Cosmological dynamics of brane f(R) gravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Haghani, Zahra; Sepangi, Hamid Reza; Shahidi, Shahab, E-mail: z_haghani@sbu.ac.ir, E-mail: hr-sepangi@sbu.ac.ir, E-mail: s_shahidi@sbu.ac.ir

2012-02-01

The cosmological dynamics of a brane world scenario where the bulk action is taken as a generic function of the Ricci scalar is considered in a framework where the use of the Z{sub 2} symmetry and Israel junction conditions are relaxed. The corresponding cosmological solutions for some specific forms of f(R) are obtained and shown to be in the form of exponential as well as power law for a vacuum brane space-time. It is shown that the existence of matter dominated epoch for a bulk action in the form of a power law for R can only be obtained inmore » the presence of ordinary matter. Using phase space analysis, we show that the universe must start from an unstable matter dominated epoch and eventually falls into a stable accelerated expanding phase.« less

Micro-orbits in a many-brane model and deviations from Newton's 1/r^2 law

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Donini, A.; Marimón, S. G.

2016-12-01

We consider a five-dimensional model with geometry M = M_4 × S_1, with compactification radius R. The Standard Model particles are localized on a brane located at y=0, with identical branes localized at different points in the extra dimension. Objects located on our brane can orbit around objects located on a brane at a distance d=y/R, with an orbit and a period significantly different from the standard Newtonian ones. We study the kinematical properties of the orbits, finding that it is possible to distinguish one motion from the other in a large region of the initial conditions parameter space. This is a warm-up to study if a SM-like mass distribution on one (or more) distant brane(s) may represent a possible dark matter candidate. After using the same technique to the study of orbits of objects lying on the same brane (d=0), we apply this method to the detection of generic deviations from the inverse-square Newton law. We propose a possible experimental setup to look for departures from Newtonian motion in the micro-world, finding that an order of magnitude improvement on present bounds can be attained at the 95% CL under reasonable assumptions.

LHC signals from cascade decays of warped vector resonances

DOE PAGES

Agashe, Kaustubh S.; Collins, Jack H.; Du, Peizhi; ...

2017-05-15

Recently (arXiv:1608.00526), a new framework for warped higher-dimensional compactifications with “bulk” standard model (SM) was proposed: in addition to the UV (Planck scale) and IR (a couple of TeV) branes, there is an intermediate brane, taken to be around 10TeV. The SM matter and Higgs fields propagate from the UV brane down to this intermediate brane only, while gauge and gravity fields propagate in the entire bulk. Such a configuration renders the lightest gauge Kaluza-Klein (KK) states within LHC reach, simultaneously satisfying flavor and CP constraints. In addition, the usual leading decay modes of the lightest KK gauge bosons intomore » top and Higgs bosons are suppressed. This effect permits erstwhile subdominant channels to become significant. These include flavor-universal decays to SM fermions and Higgs bosons, and a novel channel — decay to a radion and a SM gauge boson, followed by radion decay to a pair of SM gauge bosons. In this work, we first delineate the parameter space where the above mentioned cascade decay of gauge KK particles dominates, and thereby can be the discovery mode at the LHC. We then perform a detailed analysis of the LHC signals from this model, finding that 300/fb suffices for evidence of KK-gluon in tri-jet, jet + di-photon and jet + di-boson channels. However, KK photon in photon + di-jet, and KK-W in leptonic W + di-jet require 3000/fb. The crucial feature of this decay chain is a “double” resonance, i.e. 3-particle and 2-particle invariant mass peaks, corresponding to the KK gauge boson and the radion respectively.« less

LHC signals from cascade decays of warped vector resonances

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Agashe, Kaustubh S.; Collins, Jack H.; Du, Peizhi

Recently (arXiv:1608.00526), a new framework for warped higher-dimensional compactifications with “bulk” standard model (SM) was proposed: in addition to the UV (Planck scale) and IR (a couple of TeV) branes, there is an intermediate brane, taken to be around 10TeV. The SM matter and Higgs fields propagate from the UV brane down to this intermediate brane only, while gauge and gravity fields propagate in the entire bulk. Such a configuration renders the lightest gauge Kaluza-Klein (KK) states within LHC reach, simultaneously satisfying flavor and CP constraints. In addition, the usual leading decay modes of the lightest KK gauge bosons intomore » top and Higgs bosons are suppressed. This effect permits erstwhile subdominant channels to become significant. These include flavor-universal decays to SM fermions and Higgs bosons, and a novel channel — decay to a radion and a SM gauge boson, followed by radion decay to a pair of SM gauge bosons. In this work, we first delineate the parameter space where the above mentioned cascade decay of gauge KK particles dominates, and thereby can be the discovery mode at the LHC. We then perform a detailed analysis of the LHC signals from this model, finding that 300/fb suffices for evidence of KK-gluon in tri-jet, jet + di-photon and jet + di-boson channels. However, KK photon in photon + di-jet, and KK-W in leptonic W + di-jet require 3000/fb. The crucial feature of this decay chain is a “double” resonance, i.e. 3-particle and 2-particle invariant mass peaks, corresponding to the KK gauge boson and the radion respectively.« less

T-branes through 3d mirror symmetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Collinucci, Andrés; Giacomelli, Simone; Savelli, Raffaele; Valandro, Roberto

2016-07-01

T-branes are exotic bound states of D-branes, characterized by mutually non-commuting vacuum expectation values for the worldvolume scalars. The M/F-theory geometry lifting D6/D7-brane configurations is blind to the T-brane data. In this paper, we make this data manifest, by probing the geometry with an M2-brane. We find that the effect of a T-brane is to deform the membrane worldvolume superpotential with monopole operators, which partially break the three-dimensional flavor symmetry, and reduce super-symmetry from {N} = 4 to {N} = 2. Our main tool is 3d mirror symmetry. Through this language, a very concrete framework is developed for understanding T-branes in M-theory. This leads us to uncover a new class of {N} = 2 quiver gauge theories, whose Higgs branches mimic those of membranes at ADE singularities, but whose Coulomb branches differ from their {N} = 4 counterparts.

Brane f(R) gravity cosmologies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Balcerzak, Adam; DaPbrowski, Mariusz P.

2010-06-15

By the application of the generalized Israel junction conditions we derive cosmological equations for the fourth-order f(R) brane gravity and study their cosmological solutions. We show that there exists a nonstatic solution which describes a four-dimensional de Sitter (dS{sub 4}) brane embedded in a five-dimensional anti-de Sitter (AdS{sub 5}) bulk for a vanishing Weyl tensor contribution. On the other hand, for the case of a nonvanishing Weyl tensor contribution, there exists a static brane solution only. We claim that in order to get some more general nonstatic f(R) brane configurations, one needs to admit a dynamical matter energy-momentum tensor inmore » the bulk rather than just a bulk cosmological constant.« less

E11, brane dynamics and duality symmetries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

West, Peter

2018-05-01

Following arXiv:hep-th/0412336 we use the nonlinear realisation of the semi-direct product of E11 and its vector representation to construct brane dynamics. The brane moves through a space-time which arises in the nonlinear realisation from the vector representation and it contains the usual embedding coordinates as well as the worldvolume fields. The resulting equations of motion are first order in derivatives and can be thought of as duality relations. Each brane carries the full E11 symmetry and so the Cremmer-Julia duality symmetries. We apply this theory to find the dynamics of the IIA and IIB strings, the M2 and M5 branes, the IIB D3 brane as well as the one and two branes in seven dimensions.

Fermion localization on a split brane

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chumbes, A. E. R.; Vasquez, A. E. O.; Hott, M. B.

2011-05-15

In this work we analyze the localization of fermions on a brane embedded in five-dimensional, warped and nonwarped, space-time. In both cases we use the same nonlinear theoretical model with a nonpolynomial potential featuring a self-interacting scalar field whose minimum energy solution is a soliton (a kink) which can be continuously deformed into a two-kink. Thus a single brane splits into two branes. The behavior of spin 1/2 fermions wave functions on the split brane depends on the coupling of fermions to the scalar field and on the geometry of the space-time.

Inflation versus collapse in brane matter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zheltukhin, A. A.

2017-11-01

Mapping of fundamental branes to their worldsheet (ws) multiplets originating from spontaneous breaking of the Poincaré symmetry is studied. The interaction Lagrangian for fields of the Nambu-Goldstone multiplet is shown to encode R2 gravity on the ws. The power law kp ˜ Tp 3-p 2(p+1) for the SO(D - p - 1) gauge coupling kp as the function of the p-brane tension Tp is assumed. It points to the presence of asymptotic freedom and confinement phases in brane matter. Their connection with collapse and inflation of the branes is discussed.

Carroll limit of non-BPS Dp-brane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klusoň, J.

2017-05-01

We find Carroll non-BPS Dp-brane action by performing Carroll limit of a canonical form of unstable Dp-brane action. We analyze different Carroll limits and discuss solutions of the equations of motion of Carroll non-BPS Dp-brane at the tachyon vacuum.

ASK Talks with Gary Klein

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Klein, Gary

2004-01-01

Gary Klein, PH.D., is chief scientist of Klein Associates, Inc., a company he founded in 1978 to better understand how to improve decision making in individuals and teams. The company has 30 employees working on projects for both government and commercial clients. Dr. Klein is one of the founders of the field of naturalistic decision making. His work on recognitional decision making has been influential for the design of new systems and interfaces, and for the development of decision training programs. He has extended his work on decision making to describe problem detection, opinion generation, sense making, and planning.

Accidental SUSY: enhanced bulk supersymmetry from brane back-reaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Burgess, C. P.; van Nierop, L.; Parameswaran, S.; Salvio, A.; Williams, M.

2013-02-01

We compute how bulk loops renormalize both bulk and brane effective interactions for codimension-two branes in 6D gauged chiral supergravity, as functions of the brane tension and brane-localized flux. We do so by explicitly integrating out hyper- and gauge-multiplets in 6D gauged chiral supergravity compactified to 4D on a flux-stabilized 2D rugby-ball geometry, specializing the results of a companion paper, arXiv:1210.3753, to the supersymmetric case. While the brane back-reaction generically breaks supersymmetry, we show that the bulk supersymmetry can be preserved if the amount of brane- localized flux is related in a specific BPS-like way to the brane tension, and verify that the loop corrections to the brane curvature vanish in this special case. In these systems it is the brane-bulk couplings that fix the size of the extra dimensions, and we show that in some circumstances the bulk geometry dynamically adjusts to ensure the supersymmetric BPS-like condition is automatically satisfied. We investigate the robustness of this residual supersymmetry to loops of non-supersymmetric matter on the branes, and show that supersymmetry-breaking effects can enter only through effective brane-bulk interactions involving at least two derivatives. We comment on the relevance of this calculation to proposed applications of codimension-two 6D models to solutions of the hierarchy and cosmological constant problems.

Brane Craft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Janson, Siegfried

2017-01-01

A Brane Craft is a membrane spacecraft with solar cells, command and control electronics, communications systems, antennas, propulsion systems, attitude and proximity sensors, and shape control actuators as thin film structures manufactured on 10 micron thick plastic sheets. This revolutionary spacecraft design can have a thickness of tens of microns with a surface area of square meters to maximize area-to-mass ratios for exceptionally low-mass spacecraft. Communications satellites, solar power satellites, solar electric propulsion stages, and solar sails can benefit from Brane Craft design. It also enables new missions that require low-mass spacecraft with exceptionally high delta-V. Active removal of orbital debris from Earth orbit is the target application for this study.

Escape of black holes from the brane.

PubMed

Flachi, Antonino; Tanaka, Takahiro

2005-10-14

TeV-scale gravity theories allow the possibility of producing small black holes at energies that soon will be explored at the CERN LHC or at the Auger observatory. One of the expected signatures is the detection of Hawking radiation that might eventually terminate if the black hole, once perturbed, leaves the brane. Here, we study how the "black hole plus brane" system evolves once the black hole is given an initial velocity that mimics, for instance, the recoil due to the emission of a graviton. The results of our dynamical analysis show that the brane bends around the black hole, suggesting that the black hole eventually escapes into the extra dimensions once two portions of the brane come in contact and reconnect. This gives a dynamical mechanism for the creation of baby branes.

Ghosts in the self-accelerating brane universe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Koyama, Kazuya; Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, Portsmouth University, Portsmouth, PO1 2EG

2005-12-15

We study the spectrum of gravitational perturbations about a vacuum de Sitter brane with the induced 4D Einstein-Hilbert term, in a 5D Minkowski spacetime (DGP model). We consider solutions that include a self-accelerating universe, where the accelerating expansion of the universe is realized without introducing a cosmological constant on the brane. The mass of the discrete mode for the spin-2 graviton is calculated for various Hr{sub c}, where H is the Hubble parameter and r{sub c} is the crossover scale determined by the ratio between the 5D Newton constant and the 4D Newton constant. We show that, if we introducemore » a positive cosmological constant on the brane (Hr{sub c}>1), the spin-2 graviton has mass in the range 0brane fluctuation mode with mass m{sup 2}=2H{sup 2}. Although the brane fluctuation mode is healthy, the spin-2 graviton has a helicity-0 excitation that is a ghost. If we allow a negative cosmological constant on the brane, the brane fluctuation mode becomes a ghost for 1/21/2. In a self-accelerating universe Hr{sub c}=1, the spin-2 graviton has mass m{sup 2}=2H{sup 2}, which coincides with the mass of the brane fluctuation mode. Then there arises a mixing between the brane fluctuation mode and the spin-2 graviton. We argue that this mixing presumably gives a ghost in the self-accelerating universe by continuity across Hr{sub c}=1, although a careful calculation of the effective action is required to verify this rigorously.« less

Counting supersymmetric branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kleinschmidt, Axel

2011-10-01

Maximal supergravity solutions are revisited and classified, with particular emphasis on objects of co-dimension at most two. This class of solutions includes branes whose tension scales with xxxx. We present a group theory derivation of the counting of these objects based on the corresponding tensor hierarchies derived from E 11 and discrete T- and U-duality transformations. This provides a rationale for the wrapping rules that were recently discussed for σ ≤ 3 in the literature and extends them. Explicit supergravity solutions that give rise to co-dimension two branes are constructed and analysed.

New localization mechanism and Hodge duality for q -form field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fu, Chun-E.; Liu, Yu-Xiao; Guo, Heng; Zhang, Sheng-Li

2016-03-01

In this paper, we investigate the problem of localization and the Hodge duality for a q -form field on a p -brane with codimension one. By a general Kaluza-Klein (KK) decomposition without gauge fixing, we obtain two Schrödinger-like equations for two types of KK modes of the bulk q -form field, which determine the localization and mass spectra of these KK modes. It is found that there are two types of zero modes (the 0-level modes): a q -form zero mode and a (q -1 )-form one, which cannot be localized on the brane at the same time. For the n -level KK modes, there are two interacting KK modes, a massive q -form KK mode and a massless (q -1 )-form one. By analyzing gauge invariance of the effective action and choosing a gauge condition, the n -level massive q -form KK mode decouples from the n -level massless (q -1 )-form one. It is also found that the Hodge duality in the bulk naturally becomes two dualities on the brane. The first one is the Hodge duality between a q -form zero mode and a (p -q -1 )-form one, or between a (q -1 )-form zero mode and a (p -q )-form one. The second duality is between two group KK modes: one is an n -level massive q -form KK mode with mass mn and an n -level massless (q -1 )-form mode; another is an n -level (p -q )-form one with the same mass mn and an n -level massless (p -q -1 )-form mode. Because of the dualities, the effective field theories on the brane for the KK modes of the two dual bulk form fields are physically equivalent.

Equivariant branes and equivariant homological mirror symmetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ashwinkumar, Meer; Tan, Meng-Chwan

2018-03-01

We describe supersymmetric A-branes and B-branes in open N =(2 ,2 ) dynamically gauged nonlinear sigma models (GNLSM), placing emphasis on toric manifold target spaces. For a subset of toric manifolds, these equivariant branes have a mirror description as branes in gauged Landau-Ginzburg models with neutral matter. We then study correlation functions in the topological A-twisted version of the GNLSM and identify their values with open Hamiltonian Gromov-Witten invariants. Supersymmetry breaking can occur in the A-twisted GNLSM due to nonperturbative open symplectic vortices, and we canonically Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin quantize the mirror theory to analyze this phenomenon.

Probing the string winding sector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aldazabal, Gerardo; Mayo, Martín; Nuñez, Carmen

2017-03-01

We probe a slice of the massive winding sector of bosonic string theory from toroidal compactifications of Double Field Theory (DFT). This string subsector corresponds to states containing one left and one right moving oscillators. We perform a generalized Kaluza Klein compactification of DFT on generic 2 n-dimensional toroidal constant backgrounds and show that, up to third order in fluctuations, the theory coincides with the corresponding effective theory of the bosonic string compactified on n-dimensional toroidal constant backgrounds, obtained from three-point amplitudes. The comparison between both theories is facilitated by noticing that generalized diffeomorphisms in DFT allow to fix generalized harmonic gauge conditions that help in identifying the physical degrees of freedom. These conditions manifest as conformal anomaly cancellation requirements on the string theory side. The explicit expression for the gauge invariant effective action containing the physical massless sector (gravity+antisymmetric+gauge+ scalar fields) coupled to towers of generalized Kaluza Klein massive states (corresponding to compact momentum and winding modes) is found. The action acquires a very compact form when written in terms of fields carrying O( n, n) indices, and is explicitly T-duality invariant. The global algebra associated to the generalized Kaluza Klein compactification is discussed.

Cosmography of f(R)-brane cosmology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bouhmadi-López, Mariam; Capozziello, Salvatore; Cardone, Vincenzo F.

2010-11-01

Cosmography is a useful tool to constrain cosmological models, in particular, dark energy models. In the case of modified theories of gravity, where the equations of motion are generally quite complicated, cosmography can contribute to select realistic models without imposing arbitrary choices a priori. Indeed, its reliability is based on the assumptions that the universe is homogeneous and isotropic on large scale and luminosity distance can be “tracked” by the derivative series of the scale factor a(t). We apply this approach to induced gravity brane-world models where an f(R) term is present in the brane effective action. The virtue of the model is to self-accelerate the normal and healthy Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati branch once the f(R) term deviates from the Hilbert-Einstein action. We show that the model, coming from a fundamental theory, is consistent with the ΛCDM scenario at low redshift. We finally estimate the cosmographic parameters fitting the Union2 Type Ia Supernovae data set and the distance priors from baryon acoustic oscillations and then provide constraints on the present day values of f(R) and its second and third derivatives.

Formulation of D-brane Dynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Evans, Thomas

2012-03-01

It is the purpose of this paper (within the context of STS rules & guidelines ``research report'') to formulate a statistical-mechanical form of D-brane dynamics. We consider first the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics, and extend this to a path-integral formulation of D-brane mechanics, summing over all the possible path integral sectors of R-R, NS charged states. We then investigate this generalization utilizing a path-integral formulation summing over all the possible path integral sectors of R-R charged states, calculated from the mean probability tree-level amplitude of type I, IIA, and IIB strings, serving as a generalization of all strings described by D-branes. We utilize this generalization to study black holes in regimes where the initial D-brane system is legitimate, and further this generalization to look at information loss near regions of nonlocality on a non-ordinary event horizon. We see here that in these specific regimes, we can calculate a path integral formulation, as describing D0-brane mechanics, tracing the dissipation of entropy throughout the event horizon. This is used to study the information paradox, and to propose a resolution between the phenomena and the correct and expected quantum mechanical description. This is done as our path integral throughout entropy entering the event horizon effectively and correctly encodes the initial state in subtle correlations in the Hawking radiation.

Constraining brane tension using rotation curves of galaxies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

García-Aspeitia, Miguel A.; Rodríguez-Meza, Mario A.

2018-04-01

We present in this work a study of brane theory phenomenology focusing on the brane tension parameter, which is the main observable of the theory. We show the modifications steaming from the presence of branes in the rotation curves of spiral galaxies for three well known dark matter density profiles: Pseudo isothermal, Navarro-Frenk-White and Burkert dark matter density profiles. We estimate the brane tension parameter using a sample of high resolution observed rotation curves of low surface brightness spiral galaxies and a synthetic rotation curve for the three density profiles. Also, the fittings using the brane theory model of the rotation curves are compared with standard Newtonian models. We found that Navarro-Frenk-White model prefers lower values of the brane tension parameter, on the average λ ∼ 0.73 × 10‑3eV4, therefore showing clear brane effects. Burkert case does prefer higher values of the tension parameter, on the average λ ∼ 0.93 eV4 ‑ 46 eV4, i.e., negligible brane effects. Whereas pseudo isothermal is an intermediate case. Due to the low densities found in the galactic medium it is almost impossible to find evidence of the presence of extra dimensions. In this context, we found that our results show weaker bounds to the brane tension values in comparison with other bounds found previously, as the lower value found for dwarf stars composed of a polytropic equation of state, λ ≈ 104 MeV4.

Reassessing the clinical affinity between Melanie Klein and D.W. Winnicott (1935-51): Klein's unpublished "Notes on baby" in historical context.

PubMed

Aguayo, Joseph

2002-10-01

The author investigates the clinical affinity between Klein and Winnicott (1935-46) asa way to historically situate Winnicott 's later criticism of Klein's 'temperamental' inability to understand the impact of the environment on the infant's development. By setting out Klein s theories at the time when Winnicott began supervision with her in 1935, a context is established for the analysis of an unpublished 1937 manuscript by Klein ('Notes on baby'). The author argues that this direct and extensive infant observation demonstrates Klein's sensitivity to the familial environment. While Winnicott as a paediatrician showed enthusiasm for Klein s ideas, he also demonstrated a difference of opinion in emphasising the maternal environment of provision after his wartime evacuation experiences with London children. The factors leading to their mutual distancing are outlined as follows: (1) the post-Controversial Discussion atmosphere of the British Psycho-Analytical Society in 1944. The new non-aligned psychoanalytic 'middle group' allowed Winnicott to take a pick and choose attitude towards available analytic theories; (2) Winnicott us new clinical practices and theory differed from Klein 's, leading to a widening gap between 1946 and 1951. Winnicott's new theory and practice simultaneously represented his technical marginalisation of Klein s emphasis on the direct analysis of the patient s destructiveness by the time he delivered the 'Transitional objects' paper in 1951.

Cosmology from quantum potential in a system of oscillating branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sepehri, Alireza

2016-11-01

Recently, some authors proposed a new mechanism which gets rid of the Big Bang singularity and shows that the age of the universe is infinite. In this paper, we will confirm their results and predict that the universe may expand and contract many N fundamental strings decay to N M0-anti-M0-branes. Then, M0-branes join each other and build a M8-anti-M8 system. This system is unstable, broken and two anti-M4-branes, a compactified M4-brane, a M3-brane in addition to one M0-brane are produced. The M3-brane wraps around the compactified M4-brane and both of them oscillate between two anti-M4-branes. Our universe is located on the M3-brane and interacts with other branes by exchanging the M0-brane and some scalars in transverse directions. By wrapping of M3-brane, the contraction epoch of universe starts and some higher order of derivatives of scalar fields in the relevant action of branes are produced which are responsible for generating the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). By oscillating the compactified M4-M3-brane and approaching one of anti-M4-branes, one end of M3-brane glues to the anti-M4-brane and other end remains sticking and wrapping around M4-brane. Then, by getting away of the M4-M3 system, M4 rolls, wrapped M3 opens and expansion epoch of universe begins. By closing the M4 to anti-M4, the mass of some scalars become negative and they make a transition to tachyonic phase. To remove these states, M4 rebounds, rolls and M3 wraps around it again. At this stage, expansion branch ends and universe enters a contraction epoch again. This process is repeated many times and universe expands and contracts due to oscillation of branes. We obtain the scale factor of universe in this system and find that its values only at t →-∞ shrinks to zero. Thus, in our method, the Big Bang is replaced by the fundamental string and the age of universe is predicted to be infinite. Also, when tachyonic states disappear at the beginning of expansion branch, some extra

Negative branes, supergroups and the signature of spacetime

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dijkgraaf, Robbert; Heidenreich, Ben; Jefferson, Patrick; Vafa, Cumrun

2018-02-01

We study the realization of supergroup gauge theories using negative branes in string theory. We show that negative branes are intimately connected with the possibility of timelike compactification and exotic spacetime signatures previously studied by Hull. Isolated negative branes dynamically generate a change in spacetime signature near their worldvolumes, and are related by string dualities to a smooth M-theory geometry with closed timelike curves. Using negative D3-branes, we show that SU(0| N) supergroup theories are holographically dual to an exotic variant of type IIB string theory on {dS}_{3,2}× {\\overline{S}}^5 , for which the emergent dimensions are timelike. Using branes, mirror symmetry and Nekrasov's instanton calculus, all of which agree, we derive the Seiberg-Witten curve for N=2 SU( N | M ) gauge theories. Together with our exploration of holography and string dualities for negative branes, this suggests that supergroup gauge theories may be non-perturbatively well-defined objects, though several puzzles remain.

Brane surgery: energy conditions, traversable wormholes, and voids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barceló1, C.; Visser, M.

2000-09-01

Branes are ubiquitous elements of any low-energy limit of string theory. We point out that negative tension branes violate all the standard energy conditions of the higher-dimensional spacetime they are embedded in; this opens the door to very peculiar solutions of the higher-dimensional Einstein equations. Building upon the (/3+1)-dimensional implementation of fundamental string theory, we illustrate the possibilities by considering a toy model consisting of a (/2+1)-dimensional brane propagating through our observable (/3+1)-dimensional universe. Developing a notion of ``brane surgery'', based on the Israel-Lanczos-Sen ``thin shell'' formalism of general relativity, we analyze the dynamics and find traversable wormholes, closed baby universes, voids (holes in the spacetime manifold), and an evasion (not a violation) of both the singularity theorems and the positive mass theorem. These features appear generic to any brane model that permits negative tension branes: This includes the Randall-Sundrum models and their variants.

Holographic cosmology from a system of M2–M5 branes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sepehri, Alireza, E-mail: alireza.sepehri@uk.ac.ir; Research Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics of Maragha; Faizal, Mir, E-mail: f2mir@uwaterloo.ca

In this paper, we analyze the holographic cosmology using a M2–M5 brane configuration. In this configuration, a M2-brane will be placed in between a M5-brane and an anti-M5-brane. The M2-brane will act as a channel for energy to flow from an anti-M5-brane to a M5-brane, and this will increase the degrees of freedom on the M5-brane causing inflation. The inflation will end when the M5-brane and anti-M5-brane get separated. However, at a later stage the distance between the M5-brane and the anti-M5-bran can reduce and this will cause the formation of tachyonic states. These tachyonic states will again open amore » bridge between the M5-branes and the anti-M5-branes, which will cause further acceleration of the universe.« less

6D thick branes from interacting scalar fields

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir; Folomeev, Vladimir; Singleton, Douglas

2008-02-15

A thick brane in six dimensions is constructed using two scalar fields. The field equations for 6D gravity plus the scalar fields are solved numerically. This thick brane solution shares some features with previously studied analytic solutions, but has the advantage that the energy-momentum tensor which forms the thick brane comes from the scalar fields rather than being put in by hand. Additionally the scalar fields which form the brane also provide a universal, nongravitational trapping mechanism for test fields of various spins.

Deriving all p-brane superalgebras via integrability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grasso, D. T.; McArthur, I. N.

2018-03-01

In previous work we demonstrated that the enlarged super-Poincare algebras which underlie p-brane and D-brane actions in superstring theory can be directly determined based on the integrability of supersymmetry transformations assigned to fields appearing in Wess-Zumino terms. In that work we derived p-brane superalgebras for p = 2 and 3. Here we extend our previous results and give a compact expression for superalgebras for all valid p.

On the localisation of four-dimensional brane-world black holes: II. The general case

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kanti, P.; Pappas, N.; Pappas, T.

2016-01-01

We perform a comprehensive analysis of a number of scalar field theories in an attempt to find analytically five-dimensional, localised-on-the-brane, black-hole solutions. Extending a previous analysis, we assume a generalised Vaidya ansatz for the five-dimensional metric tensor that allows for a time-dependent, non-trivial profile of the mass function in terms of the bulk coordinate and a deviation from the over-restricting Schwarzschild-type solution on the brane. In order to support such a solution, we study a variety of theories including single or multiple scalar fields, with canonical or non-canonical kinetic terms, minimally or non-minimally coupled to gravity. We demonstrate that for such a metric ansatz and for a carefully chosen energy-momentum tensor which is non-isotropic in five dimensions, solutions that have the form of a Schwarzschild-(anti)de Sitter or Reissner-Nordstrom type of solution do emerge. However, the resulting profile of the mass function along the bulk coordinate, when allowed, is not the correct one for eliminating bulk singularities.

On D-brane -anti D-brane effective actions and their all order bulk singularity structures

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hatefi, Ehsan; Institute for Theoretical Physics, TU Wien,Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/136, A-1040 Vienna

All four point functions of brane anti brane system including their correct all order α{sup ′} corrections have been addressed. All five point functions of one closed string Ramond-Ramond (RR), two real tachyons and either one gauge field or the scalar field in both symmetric and asymmetric pictures have also been explored. The entire analysis of is carried out. Not only does it fix the vertex operator of RR in asymmetric picture and in higher point functions of string theory amplitudes but also it confirms the fact that there is no issue of picture dependence of the mixed closed RR,more » gauge fields, tachyons and fermion fields in all symmetric or anti symmetric ones. We compute S-matrix in the presence of a transverse scalar field, two real tachyons and that reveals two different kinds of bulk singularity structures, involving an infinite number of u-channel gauge field and (u+s{sup ′}+t{sup ′})-channel scalar bulk poles. In order to produce all those bulk singularity structures, we define various couplings at the level of the effective field theory that involve the mixing term of Chern-Simons coupling (with C-potential field) and a covariant derivative of the scalar field that comes from the pull-back of brane. Eventually we explore their all order α{sup ′} corrections in the presence of brane anti brane system where various remarks will be also pointed out.« less

Phenomenology of TeV little string theory from holography.

PubMed

Antoniadis, Ignatios; Arvanitaki, Asimina; Dimopoulos, Savas; Giveon, Amit

2012-02-24

We study the graviton phenomenology of TeV little string theory by exploiting its holographic gravity dual five-dimensional theory. This dual corresponds to a linear dilaton background with a large bulk that constrains the standard model fields on the boundary of space. The linear dilaton geometry produces a unique Kaluza-Klein graviton spectrum that exhibits a ~TeV mass gap followed by a near continuum of narrow resonances that are separated from each other by only ~30 GeV. Resonant production of these particles at the LHC is the signature of this framework that distinguishes it from large extra dimensions, where the Kaluza-Klein states are almost a continuum with no mass gap, and warped models, where the states are separated by a TeV.

Criticality for charged black branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hennigar, Robie A.

2017-09-01

We show that the inclusion of higher curvature terms in the gravitational action can lead to phase transitions and critical behaviour for charged black branes. The higher curvature terms considered here belong to the recently constructed generalized quasi-topological class [arXiv:1703.01631], which possess a number of interesting properties, such as being ghost-free on constant curvature backgrounds and non-trivial in four dimensions. We show that critical behaviour is a generic feature of the black branes in all dimensions d ≥ 4, and contextualize the results with a review of the properties of black branes in Lovelock and quasi-topological gravity, where critical behaviour is not possible. These results may have interesting implications for the CFTs dual to this class of theories.

The origins of disquieting discoveries by Melanie Klein: the possible significance of the case of 'Erna'.

PubMed

Frank, C; Weiss, H

1996-12-01

Using the example of the analysis of 6-year-old Erna, which extended over more than two years and was the longest treatment conducted by Melanie Klein in her Berlin years, the authors demonstrate the importance of her early child analyses for the development of some of her concepts and hence for a decisive advance in psychoanalysis itself. For this purpose they adduce unpublished original documents found among Klein's papers in London, which include autobiographical material, the text of her Würzburg lecture on her obsessional-neurotic little patient, handwritten session notes, and drawings by Erna herself. Although in the author's view Klein attempted to accommodate her findings within Freud's theoretical framework, her clinical experience of the psychic reality of the relational world of early oedipality eventually called for the introduction of new concepts. The combined parent figure, primary sadism, the paranoid-schizoid position, splitting, the relevance of the death drive to the superego, and later formulations on reparation, envy and gratitude are all shown to be foreshadowed in Klein's account of the treatment of Erna. After some retrospective considerations of Erna's analysis and a fleeting glimpse of Erna as an adult, the authors conclude by emphasising the significance of Klein's emigration to England for the subsequent flowering of her work.

From the currency rate quotations onto strings and brane world scenarios

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Horváth, D.; Pincak, R.

2012-11-01

In the paper, we study the projections of the real exchange rate dynamics onto the string-like topology. Our approach is inspired by the contemporary movements in the string theory. The string map of data is defined here by the boundary conditions, characteristic length, real valued and the method of redistribution of information. As a practical matter, this map represents the detrending and data standardization procedure. We introduced maps onto 1-end-point and 2-end-point open strings that satisfy the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. The questions of the choice of extra-dimensions, symmetries, duality and ways to the partial compactification are discussed. Subsequently, we pass to higher dimensional and more complex objects. The 2D-Brane was suggested which incorporated bid-ask spreads. Polarization by the spread was considered which admitted analyzing arbitrage opportunities on the market where transaction costs are taken into account. The model of the rotating string which naturally yields calculation of angular momentum is suitable for tracking of several currency pairs. The systematic way which allows one suggest more structured maps suitable for a simultaneous study of several currency pairs was analyzed by means of the Gâteaux generalized differential calculus. The effect of the string and brane maps on test data was studied by comparing their mean statistical characteristics. The study revealed notable differences between topologies. We review the dependence on the characteristic string length, mean fluctuations and properties of the intra-string statistics. The study explores the coupling of the string amplitude and volatility. The possible utilizations of the string theory approach in financial markets are slight.

Born-Infeld extension of Lovelock brane gravity in the system of M0-branes and its application for the emergence of Pauli exclusion principle in BIonic superconductors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sepehri, Alireza

2016-07-01

Recently, some authors (Cruz and Rojas, 2013 [1]) have constructed a Born-Infeld type action which may be written in terms of the Lovelock brane Lagrangians for a given dimension p. We reconsider their model in M-theory and study the process of birth and growth of nonlinear spinor and bosonic gravity during the construction of Mp-branes. Then, by application of this idea to BIonic system, we construct a BIonic superconductor in the background of nonlinear gravity. In this model, first, M0-branes link to each other and build an M5-brane and an anti-M5-brane connected by an M2-brane. M0-branes are zero dimensional objects that only scalars are attached to them. By constructing higher dimensional branes from M0-branes, gauge fields are produced. Also, if M0-branes don't link to each other completely, the symmetry of system is broken and fermions are created. The curvature produced by fermions has the opposite sign the curvature produced by gauge fields. Fermions on M5-branes and M2 plays the role of bridge between them. By passing time, M2 dissolves in M5's and nonlinear bosonic and spinor gravities are produced. By closing M5-branes towards each other, coupling of two identical fermions on two branes to each other causes that the square mass of their system becomes negative and some tachyonic states are created. For removing these tachyons, M5-branes compact, the sign of gravity between branes reverses, anti-gravity is produced which causes that branes and identical fermions get away from each other. This is the reason for the emergence of Pauli exclusion principle in Bionic system. Also, the spinor gravity vanishes and its energy builds a new M2 between M5-branes. We obtain the resistivity in this system and find that its value decreases by closing M5 branes to each other and shrinks to zero at colliding point of branes. This idea has different applications. For example, in cosmology, universes are located on M5-branes and M2-brane has the role of bridge between

Non-conservation of global charges in the Brane Universe and baryogenesis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dvali, Gia; Gabadadze, Gregory

1999-08-01

We argue that global charges, such as baryon or lepton number, are not conserved in theories with the Standard Model fields localized on the brane which propagates in higher-dimensional space-time. The global-charge non-conservation is due to quantum fluctuations of the brane surface. These fluctuations create ``baby branes'' that can capture some global charges and carry them away into the bulk of higher-dimensional space. Such processes are exponentially suppressed at low-energies, but can be significant at high enough temperatures or energies. These effects can lead to a new, intrinsically high-dimensional mechanism of baryogenesis. Baryon asymmetry might be produced due either to ``evaporation'' into the baby branes, or creation of the baryon number excess in collisions of two Brane Universes. As an example we discuss a possible cosmological scenario within the recently proposed ``Brane Inflation'' framework. Inflation is driven by displaced branes which slowly fall on top of each other. When the branes collide inflation stops and the Brane Universe reheats. During this non-equilibrium collision baryon number can be transported from one brane to another one. This results in the baryon number excess in our Universe which exactly equals to the hidden ``baryon number'' deficit in the other Brane Universe. © 1999

Lattice black branes: sphere packing in general relativity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dias, Óscar J. C.; Santos, Jorge E.; Way, Benson

2018-05-01

We perturbatively construct asymptotically R^{1,3}× T^2 black branes with multiple inhomogeneous directions and show that some of them are thermodynamically preferred over uniform branes in both the microcanonical and canonical ensembles. This demonstrates that, unlike five-dimensional black strings, the instability of some unstable black branes has a plausible endpoint that does not require a violation of cosmic censorship.

Finite temperature corrections to tachyon mass in intersecting D-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sethi, Varun; Chowdhury, Sudipto Paul; Sarkar, Swarnendu

2017-04-01

We continue with the analysis of finite temperature corrections to the Tachyon mass in intersecting branes which was initiated in [1]. In this paper we extend the computation to the case of intersecting D3 branes by considering a setup of two intersecting branes in flat-space background. A holographic model dual to BCS superconductor consisting of intersecting D8 branes in D4 brane background was proposed in [2]. The background considered here is a simplified configuration of this dual model. We compute the one-loop Tachyon amplitude in the Yang-Mills approximation and show that the result is finite. Analyzing the amplitudes further we numerically compute the transition temperature at which the Tachyon becomes massless. The analytic expressions for the one-loop amplitudes obtained here reduce to those for intersecting D1 branes obtained in [1] as well as those for intersecting D2 branes.

Brane junctions in the Randall-Sundrum scenario

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Csáki, Csaba; Shirman, Yuri

2000-01-01

We present static solutions to Einstein's equations corresponding to branes at various angles intersecting in a single 3-brane. Such configurations may be useful for building models with localized gravity via the Randall-Sundrum mechanism. We find that such solutions may exist only if the mechanical forces acting on the junction exactly cancel. In addition to this constraint there are further conditions that the parameters of the theory have to satisfy. We find that at least one of these involves only the brane tensions and cosmological constants, and thus cannot have a dynamical origin. We present these conditions in detail for two simple examples. We discuss the nature of the cosmological constant problem in the framework of these scenarios, and outline the desired features of the brane configurations which may bring us closer towards a resolution of the cosmological constant problem.

World sheet instantons via the Myers effect and Script N = 1* quiver superpotentials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hollowood, Timothy J.; Kumar, S. Prem

2002-10-01

In this note we explore the stringy interpretation of non-perturbative effects in Script N = 1* deformations of the Ak-1 quiver models. For certain types of deformations we argue that the massive vacua are described by Nk fractional D3-branes at the orbifold polarizing into k concentric 5-brane spheres each carrying fractional brane charge. The polarization of the D3-branes induces a polarization of D-instantons into string world-sheets wrapped on the Myers spheres. We show that the superpotentials in these models are indeed generated by these world-sheet instantons. We point out that for certain parameter values the condensates yield the exact superpotential for a relevant deformation of the Klebanov-Witten conifold theory.

Emergence and oscillation of cosmic space by joining M1-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sepehri, Alireza; Rahaman, Farook; Capozziello, Salvatore; Ali, Ahmed Farag; Pradhan, Anirudh

2016-05-01

Recently, it has been proposed by Padmanabhan that the difference between the number of degrees of freedom on the boundary surface and the number of degrees of freedom in a bulk region leads to the expansion of the universe. Now, a natural question arises; how could this model explain the oscillation of the universe between contraction and expansion branches? We try to address this issue in the framework of a BIonic system. In this model, M0-branes join to each other and give rise to a pair of M1-anti- M1-branes. The fields which live on these branes play the roles of massive gravitons that cause the emergence of a wormhole between them and formation of a BIon system. This wormhole dissolves into M1-branes and causes a divergence between the number of degrees of freedom on the boundary surface of M1 and the bulk leading to an expansion of M1-branes. When M1-branes become close to each other, the square energy of their system becomes negative and some tachyonic states emerge. To remove these states, M1-branes become compact, the sign of compacted gravity changes, causing anti-gravity to arise: in this case, branes get away from each other. By articulating M1-BIons, an M3-brane and an anti- M3-brane are created and connected by three wormholes forming an M3-BIon. This new system behaves like the initial system and by closing branes to each other, they become compact and, by getting away from each other, they open. Our universe is located on one of these M3-branes and, by compactifying the M3-brane, it contracts and, by opening it, it expands.

d-Brane Instantons in Type II Orientifolds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blumenhagen, Ralph; Cvetič, Mirjam; Kachru, Shamit; Weigand, Timo

2009-11-01

We review recent progress in determining the effects of d-brane instantons in [Formula: see text] supersymmetric compactifications of Type II string theory to four dimensions. We describe the abstract d-brane instanton calculus for holomorphic couplings such as the superpotential, the gauge kinetic function, and higher fermionic F-terms, and we briefly discuss the implications of background fluxes for the instanton sector. We then summarize the concrete consequences of stringy d-brane instantons for the construction of semirealistic models of particle physics or supersymmetry breaking in compact and noncompact geometries.

Entropy of N=2 black holes and their M-brane description

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Behrndt, K.; Mohaupt, T.

1997-08-01

In this paper we discuss the M-brane description for an N=2 black hole. This solution is a result of the compactification of M-5-brane configurations over a Calabi-Yau threefold with arbitrary intersection numbers C{sub ABC}. In analogy with the D-brane description where one counts open string states we count here open M-2-branes which end on the M-5-brane. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}

Microstates of black holes in expanding universe from interacting branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shiba, Shotaro

2017-05-01

Thermodynamics of the near extremal black p-branes can be described by collective motions of gravitationally interacting branes. This proposal is called the p-soup model. In this paper, we check this proposal in the case of black brane system which is asymptotically Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker universe in an infinite distance. As a result, we can show that the gravitationally interacting branes explain free energy, entropy, temperature and other physical quantities in these systems. This implies that the microstates of this kind of brane system can be also understood in the p-soup model.

Adrian Stokes and the portrait of Melanie Klein.

PubMed

Sayers, Janet

2015-08-01

This paper focuses on the offer by the art writer Adrian Stokes to commission and pay for a portrait of the psychoanalyst Melanie Klein by the artist William Coldstream. It details some of the precursors of this offer in Stokes's preceding involvement first with Klein and then with Coldstream; her response to this offer; and its outcome and aftermath in Stokes's subsequent writing about Klein and Coldstream. Copyright © 2015 Institute of Psychoanalysis.

Periodic arrays of M2-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jeon, Imtak; Lambert, Neil; Richmond, Paul

2012-11-01

We consider periodic arrays of M2-branes in the ABJM model in the spirit of a circle compactification to D2-branes in type IIA string theory. The result is a curious formulation of three-dimensional maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in terms of fermions, seven transverse scalars, a non-dynamical gauge field and an additional scalar `dual gluon'. Upon further T-duality on a transverse torus we obtain a non-manifest- Lorentz-invariant description of five-dimensional maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills. Here the additional scalar field can be thought of as the components of a two-form along the torus. This action can be viewed as an M-theory description of M5-branes on {{{T}}^3}.

Landau-Ginzburg to Calabi-Yau dictionary for D-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aspinwall, Paul S.

2007-08-01

Based on the work by Orlov (e-print arXiv:math.AG/0503632), we give a precise recipe for mapping between B-type D-branes in a Landau-Ginzburg orbifold model (or Gepner model) and the corresponding large radius Calabi-Yau manifold. The D-branes in Landau-Ginzburg theories correspond to matrix factorizations and the D-branes on the Calabi-Yau manifolds are objects in the derived category. We give several examples including branes on quotient singularities associated with weighted projective spaces. We are able to confirm several conjectures and statements in the literature.

Winnicott's response to Klein.

PubMed

Ehrlich, Robert

2004-04-01

The author suggests that, although Donald Winnicott presented some important criticisms of Melanie Klein's work, at times he tried to advance his perspectives too definitively without adequately considering her own. Because of this, he failed to acknowledge sufficiently that he was offering a model of human nature and development that could be revised. The fact that his differences with Klein arose in the context of a complex relationship in which each played numerous roles for the other, especially in the context of their affiliation with the British Psychoanalytical Society, periodically made it difficult for him to present his ideas more carefully and in his more characteristically open manner.

Moving branes in the presence of background tachyon fields

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rezaei, Z., E-mail: z.rezaei@aut.ac.ir; Kamani, D., E-mail: kamani@aut.ac.ir

2011-12-15

We compute the boundary state associated with a moving Dp-brane in the presence of the open string tachyon field as a background field. The effect of the tachyon condensation on the boundary state is discussed. It leads to a boundary state associated with a lower-dimensional moving D-brane or a stationary instantonic D-brane. The former originates from condensation along the spatial directions and the latter comes from the temporal direction of the D-brane worldvolume. Using the boundary state, we also study the interaction amplitude between two arbitrary Dp{sub 1}- and Dp{sub 2}-branes. The long-range behavior of the amplitude is investigated, demonstratingmore » an obvious deviation from the conventional form, due to the presence of the background tachyon field.« less

Melanie Klein on mourning: Its relation to pastoral care.

PubMed

Hart, C W

1991-09-01

This paper connects the work of Melanie Klein on mourning to the pastor's work with the grief sufferer. Klein holds that mourning is an illness of manic depressive character rooted in infantile development. Klein's description of manic defenses in the face of loss has adult behavioral analogues with which the pastor must deal to bring mourning to resolution.

Discrete Torsion, (Anti) de Sitter D4-Brane and Tunneling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Singh, Abhishek K.; Pandey, P. K.; Singh, Sunita; Kar, Supriya

2014-06-01

We obtain quantum geometries on a vacuum created pair of a (DDbar)3-brane, at a Big Bang singularity, by a local two form on a D4-brane. In fact our analysis is provoked by an established phenomenon leading to a pair creation by a gauge field at a black hole horizon by Stephen Hawking in 1975. Importantly, the five dimensional microscopic black holes are described by an effective non-perturbative curvature underlying a discrete torsion in a second order formalism. In the case for a non-propagating torsion, the effective curvature reduces to Riemannian, which in a low energy limit may describe Einstein vacuum in the formalism. In particular, our analysis suggests that a non-trivial space begin with a hot de Sitter brane-Universe underlying a nucleation of a vacuum pair of (DDbar)-instanton at a Big Bang. A pair of instanton nucleats a D-particle which in turn combines with an anti D-particle to describe a D-string and so on. The nucleation of a pair of higher dimensional pair of brane/anti-brane from a lower dimensional pair may be viewed via an expansion of the brane-Universe upon time. It is in conformity with the conjecture of a branes within a brane presumably in presence of the non-zero modes of two form. Interestingly, we perform a thermal analysis underlying various emergent quantum de Sitter vacua on a D4-brane and argue for the plausible tunneling geometries underlying a thermal equilibrium. It is argued that a de Sitter Schwarzschild undergoes quantum tunneling to an AdS-brane Schwarzschild via Nariai and de Sitter topological black hole.

Large dimensions and small curvatures from supersymmetric brane back-reaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Burgess, C. P.; van Nierop, L.

2011-04-01

We compute the back-reaction of pairs of codimension-two branes within an explicit flux-stabilized compactification, to trace how its properties depend on the parameters that define the brane-bulk couplings. Both brane tension and magnetic couplings to the stabilizing flux play an important role in the resulting dynamics, with the magnetic coupling allowing some of the flux to be localized on the branes (thus changing the flux-quantization conditions). We find that back-reaction lifts the classical flat directions of the bulk supergravity, and we calculate both the scalar potential and changes to the extra-dimensional and on-brane geometries that result, as functions of the assumed brane couplings. When linearized about simple rugby-ball geometries the resulting solutions allow a systematic exploration of the system's response. Several of the systems we explore have remarkable properties. Among these are a propensity for the extra dimensions to stabilize at exponentially large sizes, providing a mechanism for generating extremely large volumes. In some circumstances the brane-dilaton coupling allows the bulk dilaton to adjust to suppress the on-brane curvature parametrically below the change in brane tension, potentially providing a mechanism for reducing the vacuum energy. We explore the stability of this suppression to quantum effects in the case where their strength is controlled by the value of the field along the classical flat direction, and find it can (but need not) be stable.

Lovelock branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kastor, David; Ray, Sourya; Traschen, Jennie

2017-10-01

We study the problem of finding brane-like solutions to Lovelock gravity, adopting a general approach to establish conditions that a lower dimensional base metric must satisfy in order that a solution to a given Lovelock theory can be constructed in one higher dimension. We find that for Lovelock theories with generic values of the coupling constants, the Lovelock tensors (higher curvature generalizations of the Einstein tensor) of the base metric must all be proportional to the metric. Hence, allowed base metrics form a subclass of Einstein metrics. This subclass includes so-called ‘universal metrics’, which have been previously investigated as solutions to quantum-corrected field equations. For specially tuned values of the Lovelock couplings, we find that the Lovelock tensors of the base metric need to satisfy fewer constraints. For example, for Lovelock theories with a unique vacuum there is only a single such constraint, a case previously identified in the literature, and brane solutions can be straightforwardly constructed.

Strong coupling in F-theory and geometrically non-Higgsable seven-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Halverson, James

2017-06-01

Geometrically non-Higgsable seven-branes carry gauge sectors that cannot be broken by complex structure deformation, and there is growing evidence that such configurations are typical in F-theory. We study strongly coupled physics associated with these branes. Axiodilaton profiles are computed using Ramanujan's theories of elliptic functions to alternative bases, showing explicitly that the string coupling is O (1) in the vicinity of the brane; that it sources nilpotent SL (2 , Z) monodromy and therefore the associated brane charges are modular; and that essentially all F-theory compactifications have regions with order one string coupling. It is shown that non-perturbative SU (3) and SU (2) seven-branes are related to weakly coupled counterparts with D7-branes via deformation-induced Hanany-Witten moves on (p , q) string junctions that turn them into fundamental open strings; only the former may exist for generic complex structure. D3-brane near these and the Kodaira type II seven-branes probe Argyres-Douglas theories. The BPS states of slightly deformed theories are shown to be dyonic string junctions.

Gauge Field Localization on Deformed Branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tofighi, A.; Moazzen, M.; Farokhtabar, A.

2016-02-01

In this paper, we utilise the Chumbes-Holf da Silva-Hott (CHH) mechanism to investigate the issue of gauge field localization on a deformed brane constructed with one scalar field, which can be coupled to gravity minimally or non-minimally. The study of deformed defects is important because they contain internal structures which may have implications in braneworld models. With the CHH mechanism, we find that the massless zero mode of gauge field, in the case of minimal or non-minimal coupling is localized on the brane. Moreover, in the case of non-minimal coupling, it is shown that, when the non-minimal coupling constant is larger than its critical value, then the zero mode is localized on each sub brane.

Linear Sigma Model Toolshed for D-brane Physics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hellerman, Simeon

Building on earlier work, we construct linear sigma models for strings on curved spaces in the presence of branes. Our models include an extremely general class of brane-worldvolume gauge field configurations. We explain in an accessible manner the mathematical ideas which suggest appropriate worldsheet interactions for generating a given open string background. This construction provides an explanation for the appearance of the derived category in D-brane physic complementary to that of recent work of Douglas.

Emergence and expansion of cosmic space as due to M0-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sepehri, Alireza; Setare, Mohammad Reza; Capozziello, Salvatore

2015-12-01

Recently, Padmanabhan (arXiv:1206.4916 [hep-th]) discussed that the difference between the number of degrees of freedom on the boundary surface and the number of degrees of freedom in a bulk region causes the accelerated expansion of the universe. The main question arising is: what is the origin of this inequality between the surface degrees of freedom and the bulk degrees of freedom? We answer this question in M-theory. In our model, first M0-branes are compactified on one circle and N D0-branes are created. Then N D0-branes join each other, grow, and form one D5-branes. Next, the D5-brane is compactified on two circles and our universe's D3-brane, two D1-branes and some extra energies are produced. After that, one of the D1-branes, which is closer to the universe's brane, gives its energy into it, and this leads to an increase in the difference between the numbers of degrees of freedom and the occurring inflation era. With the disappearance of this D1-brane, the number of degrees of freedom of boundary surface and bulk region become equal and inflation ends. At this stage, extra energies that are produced due to the compactification cause an expansion of the universe and deceleration epoch. Finally, another D1-brane dissolves in our universe's brane, leads to an inequality between degrees of freedom, and there occurs a new phase of acceleration.

The conflict and process theory of Melanie Klein.

PubMed

Kavaler-Adler, S

1993-09-01

This article depicts the theory of Melanie Klein in both its conflict and process dimensions. In addition, it outlines Klein's strategic place in psychoanalytic history and in psychoanalytic theory formation. Her major contributions are seen in light of their clinical imperatives, and aspects of her metapsychology that seem negligible are differentiated from these clinical imperatives. Klein's role as a dialectical fulcrum between drive and object relations theories is explicated. Within the conflict theory, drive derivatives of sex and aggression are reformulated as object-related passions of love and hate. The process dimensions of Klein's theory are outlined in terms of dialectical increments of depressive position process as it alternates with regressive paranoid-schizoid-position mental phenomenology. The mourning process as a developmental process is particularly high-lighted in terms of self-integrative progression within the working through of the depressive position.

Five-brane actions in double field theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blair, Chris D. A.; Musaev, Edvard T.

2018-03-01

We construct an action for NSNS 5-branes which is manifestly covariant under O( d, d). This is done by doubling d of the spacetime coordinates which appear in the worldvolume action. By formulating the DBI part of the action in a manner similar to a "gauged sigma model", only half the doubled coordinates genuinely appear. Our approach allows one to describe the full T-duality orbit of the IIB NS5 brane, the IIA KKM and their exotic relations in one formalism. Furthermore, by using ideas from double field theory, our action can be said to describe various aspects of non-geometric five-branes.

[An unpublished contribution of Melanie Klein "On Reassurance"].

PubMed

Frank, Claudia; Klein, Melanie

2005-01-01

Melanie Klein's unpublished paper on reassurance is presented in German translation. The author shows that it was a contribution to Glover's investigation on psychoanalytic technique in the 1930s. The paper is discussed against the background of the technical discussions conducted in London at that time (e. g. M. Schmideberg, J. Strachey) and of Klein's relevant publications. Although Klein consistently considered "correct" interpretation to be the most effective means of reassurance, she occasionally also accepted a non-interpreting approach. In this respect the paper presented here goes further than any other of her writings.

Klein tunneling phenomenon with pair creation process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, G. Z.; Zhou, C. T.; Fu, L. B.

2018-01-01

In this paper, we study the Klein tunneling phenomenon with electron-positron pair creation process. Pairs can be created from the vacuum by a supercritical single-well potential (for electrons). In the time region, the time-dependent growth pattern of the created pairs can be characterized by four distinct regimes which can be considered as four different statuses of the single well. We find that if positrons penetrate the single well by Klein tunneling in different statuses, the total number of the tunneling positrons will be different. If Klein tunneling begins at the initial stage of the first status i.e. when the sing well is empty, the tunneling process and the total number of tunneling positrons are similar to the traditional Klein tunneling case without considering the pair creation process. As the tunneling begins later, the total tunneling positron number increases. The number will finally settle to an asymptotic value when the tunneling begins later than the settling-down time t s of the single well which has been defined in this paper.

Fractional-wrapped branes with rotation, linear motion and background fields

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maghsoodi, Elham; Kamani, Davoud

2017-09-01

We obtain two boundary states corresponding to the two folds of a fractional-wrapped Dp-brane, i.e. the twisted version under the orbifold C2 /Z2 and the untwisted version. The brane has rotation and linear motion, in the presence of the following background fields: the Kalb-Ramond tensor, a U (1) internal gauge potential and a tachyon field. The rotation and linear motion are inside the volume of the brane. The brane lives in the d-dimensional spacetime, with the orbifold-toroidal structure Tn ×R 1 , d - n - 5 ×C2 /Z2 in the twisted sector. Using these boundary states we calculate the interaction amplitude of two parallel fractional Dp-branes with the foregoing setup. Various properties of this amplitude such as the long-range behavior will be analyzed.

Study of Strongly Coupled Systems via Probe Brane Constructions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang, Han-Chih

In this thesis, we present our study towards better understanding of the strongly coupled systems with extra matter content in the fundamental representation of some prescribed global symmetry group in the quenched approximation, with the toolkit of holography via a probe brane construction. Specically, for the defect conformal systems, we unearth and quantify the phase trasition diagram, and novel supersymmetric vacua in the top-down model of the D3/D5 probe brane system. For further quantify various non-Fermi quantum liquid phases realized through the holographical probe brane construction, we then propose and verify the method to include the backreaction of entanglement entropy due to the probe branes at the leading order, which can potentially be used to detect topological phase transitions. We will recapitulate the main results of our works, in collaboration with Prof. Andreas Karch, published in the following journals: "Minimal Submanifolds asymptotic to AdS4 xS2 in AdS5xS5', JHEP, vol.1404, p.037, 2014; "The Novel Solutions of Finite-Density D3/D5 Probe Brane System and Their Implications for Stability'', JHEP, vol.1210, p.060, 2014; "Entanglement Entropy for Probe Branes'', JHEP, vol.1401, p.180, 2014.

A de Sitter tachyon thick braneworld

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Germán, Gabriel; Herrera-Aguilar, Alfredo; Malagón-Morejón, Dagoberto

2013-02-01

Among the multiple 5D thick braneworld models that have been proposed in the last years, in order to address several open problems in modern physics, there is a specific one involving a tachyonic bulk scalar field. Delving into this framework, a thick braneworld with a cosmological background induced on the brane is here investigated. The respective field equations — derived from the model with a warped 5D geometry — are highly non-linear equations, admitting a non-trivial solution for the warp factor and the tachyon scalar field as well, in a de Sitter 4D cosmological background. Moreover, the non-linear tachyonic scalarmore » field, that generates the brane in complicity with warped gravity, has the form of a kink-like configuration. Notwithstanding, the non-linear field equations restricting character does not allow one to easily find thick brane solutions with a decaying warp factor which leads to the localization of 4D gravity and other matter fields. We derive such a thick brane configuration altogether in this tachyon-gravity setup. When analyzing the spectrum of gravity fluctuations in the transverse traceless sector, the 4D gravity is shown to be localized due to the presence of a single zero mode bound state, separated by a continuum of massive Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes by a mass gap. It contrasts with previous results, where there is a KK massive bound excitation providing no clear physical interpretation. The mass gap is determined by the scale of the metric parameter H. Finally, the corrections to Newton's law in this model are computed and shown to decay exponentially. It is in full compliance to corrections reported in previous results (up to a constant factor) within similar braneworlds with induced 4D de Sitter metric, despite the fact that the warp factor and the massive modes have a different form.« less

QCD corrections to massive color-octet vector boson pair production

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Freitas, Ayres; Wiegand, Daniel

2017-09-01

This paper describes the calculation of the next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections to massive color-octet vector boson pair production at hadron colliders. As a concrete framework, a two-site coloron model with an internal parity is chosen, which can be regarded as an effective low-energy approximation of Kaluza-Klein gluon physics in universal extra dimensions. The renormalization procedure involves several subtleties, which are discussed in detail. The impact of the NLO corrections is relatively modest, amounting to a reduction of 11-14% in the total cross-section, but they significantly reduce the scale dependence of the LO result.

Teleparallel dark energy in a system of D0-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sharma, Umesh Kumar; Sepehri, Alireza; Pradhan, Anirudh

A new model which allows a non-minimal coupling between gravity and quintessence in the configuration of teleparallel gravity was recently proposed by Geng et al. [“Teleparallel” dark energy, Phys. Lett. B 704 (2011) 384-387] and they named it teleparallel dark energy. Now the main problem which arises is to know what is the source of this dark energy? The answer of this question is given by us in M-theory. This type of dark energy may be produced at three stages in our model. First, one six-dimensional universe is formed by combining and expanding D0-branes. We know that this universe-brane is polarized on two circles and our four-dimensional cosmos and two D1-branes are yielded. At third stage, two D1-branes glued to each other and one D2-brane is formed. This D2 connects our universe with another universe, gives its energy to them and causes the production of dark energy. Thus, the D2-brane is unstable and dissolves in our four-dimensional universes and supplies the needed teleparallel dark energy for expansion. These calculations are extended to M-theory and shown that the amount of teleparallel dark energy which is produced by compactification of universe-branes in M-theory is more than string theory.

Running with rugby balls: bulk renormalization of codimension-2 branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Williams, M.; Burgess, C. P.; van Nierop, L.; Salvio, A.

2013-01-01

We compute how one-loop bulk effects renormalize both bulk and brane effective interactions for geometries sourced by codimension-two branes. We do so by explicitly integrating out spin-zero, -half and -one particles in 6-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar theories compactified to 4 dimensions on a flux-stabilized 2D geometry. (Our methods apply equally well for D dimensions compactified to D - 2 dimensions, although our explicit formulae do not capture all divergences when D > 6.) The renormalization of bulk interactions are independent of the boundary conditions assumed at the brane locations, and reproduce standard heat-kernel calculations. Boundary conditions at any particular brane do affect how bulk loops renormalize this brane's effective action, but not the renormalization of other distant branes. Although we explicitly compute our loops using a rugby ball geometry, because we follow only UV effects our results apply more generally to any geometry containing codimension-two sources with conical singularities. Our results have a variety of uses, including calculating the UV sensitivity of one-loop vacuum energy seen by observers localized on the brane. We show how these one-loop effects combine in a surprising way with bulk back-reaction to give the complete low-energy effective cosmological constant, and comment on the relevance of this calculation to proposed applications of codimension-two 6D models to solutions of the hierarchy and cosmological constant problems.

Embedding of the brane into six dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gogberashvili, Merab

2002-10-01

Embedding of the brane metric into Euclidean (2+4)-space is found. Brane geometry can be visualized as the surface of the hypersphere in six dimensions which ``radius'' is governed by the cosmological constant. Minkowski space in this picture is placed on the intersection of this surface with the plane formed by the extra space-like and time-like coordinates.

Global embeddings for branes at toric singularities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Balasubramanian, Vijay; Berglund, Per; Braun, Volker; García-Etxebarria, Iñaki

2012-10-01

We describe how local toric singularities, including the Toric Lego construction, can be embedded in compact Calabi-Yau manifolds. We study in detail the addition of D-branes, including non-compact flavor branes as typically used in semi-realistic model building. The global geometry provides constraints on allowable local models. As an illustration of our discussion we focus on D3 and D7-branes on (the partially resolved) ( dP 0)3 singularity, its embedding in a specific Calabi-Yau manifold as a hypersurface in a toric variety, the related type IIB orientifold compactification, as well as the corresponding F-theory uplift. Our techniques generalize naturally to complete intersections, and to a large class of F-theory backgrounds with singularities.

The ego according to Klein: return to Freud and beyond.

PubMed

Blass, Rachel B

2012-02-01

This paper explores fundamental dimensions of Melanie Klein's concept of the ego through a detailed study of the writings of Klein and her early colleagues (Paula Heimann, Susan Isaacs and Joan Riviere). The study examines three central issues: (a) the basic theoretical framework for Klein's conceptualization of the ego, and specifically how her conceptualization builds on Freud's structural and dual instinct models; (b) the processes involved in the development of the ego and its capacities (including the development from id to ego and from ego to superego); and (c) the view of the ego as an object of phantasy. Through this examination, the study demonstrates that Klein's conceptualization of the ego is firmly grounded both in Freud's formulations about the ego and in his theoretical and metapsychological approach to thinking about the ego. This counters the prevalent view that Klein was only focused on clinical understandings, unconcerned with theory and fuzzy in her abstract thinking. More specifically, it counters the view that Klein did not really have a concept of the ego in any well-structured sense of the term (Britton, 2003; Hinshelwood, 1994; Segal, 2001). The study considers the sources of these misconceived views. Finally, it argues that discarding such views allows us to appreciate better the richness of Klein's thinking, her theoretical affinities to Freud, and the role of theory in the development and justification of psychoanalysis. Copyright © 2011 Institute of Psychoanalysis.

Melanie Klein's letters addressed to Marcelle Spira (1955-1960).

PubMed

Quinodoz, Jean-Michel

2009-12-01

Between 1955 and 1960, Melanie Klein wrote some 45 hitherto unpublished letters to Marcelle Spira, the Swiss psychoanalyst living at that time in Geneva. In 2006, after Spira's death, these letters were deposited with the Raymond de Saussure Psychoanalysis Centre in Geneva. They are the only known letters that Klein addressed to her psychoanalyst colleagues. Several topics are mentioned in them: (1) the meetings between the two women in Geneva and London; (2) Spira's contribution to Boulanger's translation into French of The Psychoanalysis of Children, which Klein herself carefully revised; (3) the papers that Klein was at that time working on, including Envy and Gratitude; (4) Spira's own work; (5) the difficulties that Spira, a Kleinian psychoanalyst who trained in Buenos Aires, was encountering in her attempt to be admitted to the Swiss Psychoanalytical Society; and (6) a few items of personal and family news. In addition to the invaluable historical information that these letters provide, they offer us a very moving epistolary self-portrait of Melanie Klein, enabling us to discover her personality in the final years of her life - she died in September 1960, just two months after writing her last letter to Spira.

Black branes in a box: hydrodynamics, stability, and criticality

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Emparan, Roberto; Martınez, Marina

2012-07-01

We study the effective hydrodynamics of neutral black branes enclosed in a finite cylindrical cavity with Dirichlet boundary conditions. We focus on how the Gregory-Laflamme instability changes as we vary the cavity radius R. Fixing the metric at the cavity wall increases the rigidity of the black brane by hindering gradients of the redshift on the wall. In the effective fluid, this is reflected in the growth of the squared speed of sound. As a consequence, when the cavity is smaller than a critical radius the black brane becomes dynamically stable. The correlation with the change in thermodynamic stability is transparent in our approach. We compute the bulk and shear viscosities of the black brane and find that they do not run with R. We find mean-field theory critical exponents near the critical point.

Effective monopoles within thick branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoff da Silva, J. M.; da Rocha, Roldão

2012-10-01

The monopole mass is revealed to be considerably modified in the thick braneworld paradigm, and depends on the position of the monopole in the brane as well. Accordingly, the monopole radius continuously increases, leading to an unacceptable setting that can be circumvented when the brane thickness has an upper limit. Despite such peculiar behavior, the accrued quantum corrections —involving the classical monopole solution— are shown to be still under control. We analyze the monopole's peculiarities also taking into account the localization of the gauge fields. Furthermore, some additional analysis in the thick braneworld context and the similar behavior evinced by the topological string are investigated.

THE PSYCHOANALYTIC CONTRIBUTIONS OF MELITTA SCHMIDEBERG KLEIN. MORE THAN MELANIE KLEIN'S REBEL DAUGHTER.

PubMed

Cassullo, Gabriele

2016-03-01

Compared to the impact of the work of Melanie Klein on the history of psychoanalysis, the contributions of her daughter, Melitta Schmideberg, passed almost unnoticed. At present, Schmideberg is solely remembered for having harshly attacked her mother at the start of the Controversial Discussions of the British Psycho-Analytical Society and for having coined the fitting expression "stable instability" in order to describe borderline and asocial personality disorders. However, the author discusses how the early groundbreaking discoveries of Klein with regards to primitive anxieties were the result of the joint work and thinking of Melanie and Melitta. Moreover, he argues that the conflict between the two, along with the subsequent polarization of their views, did not facilitate the development of psychoanalysis, neither did it help the analytic community to recognize the value of Melitta's contributions to psychoanalysis.

A compact codimension-two braneworld with precisely one brane

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Akerblom, Nikolas; Cornelissen, Gunther; Department of Mathematics, Utrecht University

Building on earlier work on football-shaped extra dimensions, we construct a compact codimension-two braneworld with precisely one brane. The two extra dimensions topologically represent a 2-torus which is stabilized by a bulk cosmological constant and magnetic flux. The torus has positive constant curvature almost everywhere, except for a single conical singularity at the location of the brane. In contradistinction to the football-shaped case, there is no fine-tuning required for the brane tension. We also present some plausibility arguments why the model should not suffer from serious stability issues.

Stability of a tachyon braneworld

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Germán, Gabriel; Kuerten, André Martorano; Malagón-Morejón, Dagoberto

2016-01-01

Within the braneworld paradigm the tachyonic scalar field has been used to generate models that attempt to solve some of the open problems that physics faces nowadays, both in cosmology and high energy physics as well. When these field configurations are produced by the interplay of higher dimensional warped gravity with some matter content, braneworld models must prove to be stable under the whole set of small fluctuations of the gravitational and matter fields background, among other consistency tests. Here we present a complete proof of the stability under scalar perturbations of tachyonic thick braneworlds with an embedded maximally symmetricmore » 4D space-time, revealing its physical consistency. This family of models contains a recently reported tachyonic de Sitter thick braneworld which possesses a series of appealing properties. These features encompass complete regularity, asymptotic flatness (instead of being asymptotically dS or AdS) even when it contains a negative bulk cosmological constant, a relevant 3-brane with dS metric which naturally arises from the full set of field equations of the 5D background (it is not imposed), qualitatively describing the inflationary epochs of our Universe, and a graviton spectrum with a single zero mode bound state that accounts for the 4D graviton localised on the brane and is separated from the continuum of Kaluza-Klein massive graviton excitations by a mass gap. The presence of this mass gap in the graviton spectrum makes the extra-dimensional corrections to Newton's law decay exponentially. Gauge vector fields with a single massless bound state in its mass spectrum are also localised on this braneworld model a fact that allows us to recover the Coulomb's law of our 4D world. All these properties of the above referred tachyonic braneworld together with the positive stability analysis provided in this work, constitute a firm step towards the construction of realistic cosmological models within the braneworld

Stability of a tachyon braneworld

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Germán, Gabriel; Herrera-Aguilar, Alfredo; Instituto de Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo,Ciudad Universitaria, CP 58040, Morelia, Michoacán

2016-01-26

Within the braneworld paradigm the tachyonic scalar field has been used to generate models that attempt to solve some of the open problems that physics faces nowadays, both in cosmology and high energy physics as well. When these field configurations are produced by the interplay of higher dimensional warped gravity with some matter content, braneworld models must prove to be stable under the whole set of small fluctuations of the gravitational and matter fields background, among other consistency tests. Here we present a complete proof of the stability under scalar perturbations of tachyonic thick braneworlds with an embedded maximally symmetricmore » 4D space-time, revealing its physical consistency. This family of models contains a recently reported tachyonic de Sitter thick braneworld which possesses a series of appealing properties. These features encompass complete regularity, asymptotic flatness (instead of being asymptotically dS or AdS) even when it contains a negative bulk cosmological constant, a relevant 3-brane with dS metric which naturally arises from the full set of field equations of the 5D background (it is not imposed), qualitatively describing the inflationary epochs of our Universe, and a graviton spectrum with a single zero mode bound state that accounts for the 4D graviton localised on the brane and is separated from the continuum of Kaluza-Klein massive graviton excitations by a mass gap. The presence of this mass gap in the graviton spectrum makes the extra-dimensional corrections to Newton’s law decay exponentially. Gauge vector fields with a single massless bound state in its mass spectrum are also localised on this braneworld model a fact that allows us to recover the Coulomb’s law of our 4D world. All these properties of the above referred tachyonic braneworld together with the positive stability analysis provided in this work, constitute a firm step towards the construction of realistic cosmological models within the braneworld

Stability of a tachyon braneworld

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Germán, Gabriel; Herrera-Aguilar, Alfredo; Martorano Kuerten, André; Malagón-Morejón, Dagoberto; da Rocha, Roldão

2016-01-01

Within the braneworld paradigm the tachyonic scalar field has been used to generate models that attempt to solve some of the open problems that physics faces nowadays, both in cosmology and high energy physics as well. When these field configurations are produced by the interplay of higher dimensional warped gravity with some matter content, braneworld models must prove to be stable under the whole set of small fluctuations of the gravitational and matter fields background, among other consistency tests. Here we present a complete proof of the stability under scalar perturbations of tachyonic thick braneworlds with an embedded maximally symmetric 4D space-time, revealing its physical consistency. This family of models contains a recently reported tachyonic de Sitter thick braneworld which possesses a series of appealing properties. These features encompass complete regularity, asymptotic flatness (instead of being asymptotically dS or AdS) even when it contains a negative bulk cosmological constant, a relevant 3-brane with dS metric which naturally arises from the full set of field equations of the 5D background (it is not imposed), qualitatively describing the inflationary epochs of our Universe, and a graviton spectrum with a single zero mode bound state that accounts for the 4D graviton localised on the brane and is separated from the continuum of Kaluza-Klein massive graviton excitations by a mass gap. The presence of this mass gap in the graviton spectrum makes the extra-dimensional corrections to Newton's law decay exponentially. Gauge vector fields with a single massless bound state in its mass spectrum are also localised on this braneworld model a fact that allows us to recover the Coulomb's law of our 4D world. All these properties of the above referred tachyonic braneworld together with the positive stability analysis provided in this work, constitute a firm step towards the construction of realistic cosmological models within the braneworld paradigm.

Gravitational baryogenesis in DGP brane cosmology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Atazadeh, K.

2018-06-01

We consider the imbalance of matter and antimatter by using a gravitational baryogenesis mechanism in the background of Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) brane cosmology. By taking into account a flat Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric in the DGP brane model, we find that for a radiation dominated universe, w=1/3, the ratio of baryon number density to entropy from the gravitational baryogenesis is not zero, contrary to ordinary general relativity. Also, we study the ratio of baryon number density to entropy against the observational constraints in DGP cosmology.

Spintronic signatures of Klein tunneling in topological insulators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xie, Yunkun; Tan, Yaohua; Ghosh, Avik W.

2017-11-01

Klein tunneling, the perfect transmission of normally incident Dirac electrons across a potential barrier, has been widely studied in graphene and explored to design switches, albeit indirectly. We show an alternative way to directly measure Klein tunneling for spin-momentum locked electrons crossing a PN junction along a three-dimensional topological insulator surface. In these topological insulator PN junctions (TIPNJs), the spin texture and momentum distribution of transmitted electrons can be measured electrically using a ferromagnetic probe for varying gate voltages and angles of current injection. Based on transport models across a TIPNJ, we show that the asymmetry in the potentiometric signal between PP and PN junctions and its overall angular dependence serve as a direct signature of Klein tunneling.

A de Sitter tachyonic braneworld revisited

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barbosa-Cendejas, Nandinii; Cartas-Fuentevilla, Roberto; Herrera-Aguilar, Alfredo; Rigel Mora-Luna, Refugio; da Rocha, Roldão

2018-01-01

Within the framework of braneworlds, several interesting physical effects can be described in a wide range of energy scales, starting from high-energy physics to cosmology and low-energy physics. An usual way to generate a thick braneworld model relies in coupling a bulk scalar field to higher dimensional warped gravity. Quite recently, a novel braneworld was generated with the aid of a tachyonic bulk scalar field, having several remarkable properties. It comprises a regular and stable solution that contains a relevant 3-brane with de Sitter induced metric, arising as an exact solution to the 5D field equations, describing the inflationary eras of our Universe. Besides, it is asymptotically flat, despite of the presence of a negative 5D cosmological constant, which is an interesting feature that contrasts with most of the known, asymptotically either dS or AdS models. Moreover, it encompasses a graviton spectrum with a single massless bound state, accounting for 4D gravity localized on the brane, separated from the continuum of Kaluza-Klein massive graviton modes by a mass gap that makes the 5D corrections to Newton's law to decay exponentially. Finally, gauge, scalar and fermion fields are also shown to be localized on this braneworld. In this work, we show that this tachyonic braneworld allows for a nontrivial solution with a vanishing 5D cosmological constant that preserves all the above mentioned remarkable properties with a less amount of parameters, constituting an important contribution to the construction of a realistic cosmological braneworld model.

Gerbes, M5-Brane Anomalies and E8 Gauge Theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aschieri, Paolo; Jurco, Branislav

2004-10-01

Abelian gerbes and twisted bundles describe the topology of the NS 3-form gauge field strength H. We review how they have been usefully applied to study and resolve global anomalies in open string theory. Abelian 2-gerbes and twisted nonabelian gerbes describe the topology of the 4-form field strength G of M-theory. We show that twisted nonabelian gerbes are relevant in the study and resolution of global anomalies of multiple coinciding M5-branes. Global anomalies for one M5-brane have been studied by Witten and by Diaconescu, Freed and Moore. The structure and the differential geometry of twisted nonabelian gerbes (i.e. modules for 2-gerbes) is defined and studied. The nonabelian 2-form gauge potential living on multiple coinciding M5-branes arises as curving (curvature) of twisted nonabelian gerbes. The nonabelian group is in general tilde OmegaE8, the central extension of the E8 loop group. The twist is in general necessary to cancel global anomalies due to the nontriviality of the 11-dimensional 4-form field strength G and due to the possible torsion present in the cycles the M5-branes wrap. Our description of M5-branes global anomalies leads to the D4-branes one upon compactification of M-theory to Type IIA theory.

Interaction of moving branes with background massless and tachyon fields in superstring theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rezaei, Z., E-mail: z.rezaei@aut.ac.ir; Kamani, D., E-mail: kamani@aut.ac.ir

2012-02-15

Using the boundary state formalism, we study a moving Dp-brane in a partially compact space-time in the presence of background fields: the Kalb-Ramond field B{sub {mu}{nu}}, a U(1) gauge field A{sub {alpha}}, and the tachyon field. The boundary state enables us to obtain the interaction amplitude of two branes with the above back-ground fields. The branes are parallel or perpendicular to each other. Because of the presence of background fields, compactification of some space-time directions, motion of the branes, and the arbitrariness of the dimensions of the branes, the system is rather general. Due to the tachyon fields and velocitiesmore » of the branes, the behavior of the interaction amplitude reveals obvious differences from the conventional behavior.« less

Cosmic space and Pauli exclusion principle in a system of M0-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Capozziello, Salvatore; Saridakis, Emmanuel N.; Bamba, Kazuharu; Sepehri, Alireza; Rahaman, Farook; Ali, Ahmed Farag; Pincak, Richard; Pradhan, Anirudh

An emergence of cosmic space has been suggested by Padmanabhan [Emergence and expansion of cosmic space as due to the quest for holographic equipartition, arXiv:hep-th/1206.4916] where he proposed that the expansion of the universe originates from a difference between the number of degrees of freedom on a holographic surface and the one in the emerged bulk. Now, a natural question that arises is how this proposal would explain the production of fermions and an emergence of the Pauli exclusion principle during the evolution of the universe? We try to address this issue in a system of M0-branes. In this model, there is a high symmetry and the system is composed of M0-branes to which only scalar fields are attached that represent scalar modes of the graviton. Then, when M0-branes join each other and hence form M1-branes, this symmetry is broken and gauge fields are formed. Therefore, these M1-branes interact with the anti-M1-branes and the force between them leads to a break of a symmetry such as the lower and upper parts of these branes are not the same. In these conditions, gauge fields which are localized on M1-branes and scalars which are attached to them symmetrically, decay to fermions with upper and lower spins which attach to the upper and lower parts of the M1-branes anti-symmetrically. The curvature produced by the coupling of identical spins has the opposite sign of the curvature produced by non-identical spins which lead to an attractive force between anti-parallel spins and a repelling force between parallel spins and hence an emergence of the Pauli exclusion principle. By approaching M1-branes to each other, the difference between curvatures of parallel spins and curvatures of anti-parallel spins increases, which leads to an inequality between the number of degrees of freedom on the surface and the one in the emerged bulk and hence lead to an occurrence of the cosmic expansion. By approaching M1-branes to each other, the square of the energy of the

High-energy effective theory for matter on close Randall-Sundrum branes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rham, Claudia de; Webster, Samuel

2005-09-15

Extending the analysis of C. de Rham and S. Webster [Phys. Rev. D 71, 124025 (2005)], we obtain a formal expression for the coupling between brane matter and the radion in a Randall-Sundrum braneworld. This effective theory is correct to all orders in derivatives of the radion in the limit of small brane separation, and, in particular, contains no higher than second derivatives. In the case of cosmological symmetry the theory can be obtained in closed form and reproduces the five-dimensional behavior. Perturbations in the tensor and scalar sectors are then studied. When the branes are moving, the effective Newtonianmore » constant on the brane is shown to depend both on the distance between the branes and on their velocity. In the small-distance limit, we compute the exact dependence between the four-dimensional and the five-dimensional Newtonian constants.« less

Thick de Sitter brane solutions in higher dimensions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir; Department of Physics and Microelectronic Engineering, Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kievskaya Str. 44, 720021, Kyrgyz Republic; Folomeev, Vladimir

2009-01-15

We present thick de Sitter brane solutions which are supported by two interacting phantom scalar fields in five-, six-, and seven-dimensional spacetime. It is shown that for all cases regular solutions with anti-de Sitter asymptotic (5D problem) and a flat asymptotic far from the brane (6D and 7D cases) exist. We also discuss the stability of our solutions.

Obituary: Michael John Klein, 1940-2005

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gulkis, Samuel

2006-12-01

Michael John Klein died on 14 May 2005 at home in South Pasadena, California. The cause of death was tongue cancer that metastasized to the lungs. He was a non-smoker. Mike was a passionate radio astronomer, a trusted astronomical observer, an educator and a family man. Mike was born on 19 January 1940 in Ames, Iowa, the son of Florence Marie (Graf) and Fred Michael Klein. His mother was a homemaker, and his father was a banker. Mike had two older sisters, Lois Jean (Klein) Flauher and Marilyn June (Klein) Griffin. In 1962, Mike married his high school sweetheart Barbara Dahlberg, who survives him along with their three children, Kristin Marie (Klein) Shields, Michael John Klein Jr., Timothy Joel Klein, and six grandchildren. Mike developed a love for astronomy early in his life, and credited an early morning, newspaper-delivery route that he had at age twelve, which took him outside well before sunrise. He told family members that as he walked along his route, he stared into the sky and wondered what everything was. He studied sky charts, located stars, and began to understand how the planets shifted their positions relative to the stars each day. Another big influence in Mike's life was his brother in-law, Jim Griffin. Jim helped Mike understand that his passion for science did not have to remain a hobby, but could and should become a career. Jim's encouragement led Mike to attend Iowa State University in Ames, where he earned a BS in electrical engineering in 1962. Mike then started graduate school in electrical engineering at Michigan State, but after one semester transferred to the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, where he earned an MS (1966) and PhD (1968) in astronomy. His doctoral dissertation, under the direction of Professor Fred Haddock, was based on extensive observations of the planets and examined the physical and thermal properties of planetary atmospheres and surfaces. Mike was awarded a Resident Research Associate position at JPL by the National

Intersecting flavor branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pomoni, Elli; Rastelli, Leonardo

2012-10-01

We consider an instance of the AdS/CFT duality where the bulk theory contains an open string tachyon, and study the instability from the viewpoint of the boundary field theory. We focus on the specific example of the AdS5 × S 5 background with two probe D7 branes intersecting at general angles. For generic angles supersymmetry is completely broken and there is an open string tachyon between the branes. The field theory action for this system is obtained by coupling to {N}=4 super Yang-Mills two {N}=2 hyper multiplets in the fundamental representation of the SU( N) gauge group, but with different choices of embedding of the two {N}=2 subalgebras into {N}=4 . On the field theory side we find a one-loop Coleman-Weinberg instability in the effective potential for the fundamental scalars. We identify a mesonic operator as the dual of the open string tachyon. By AdS/CFT, we predict the tachyon mass for small 't Hooft coupling (large bulk curvature) and confirm that it violates the AdS stability bound.

Complex Chern-Simons from M5-branes on the squashed three-sphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Córdova, Clay; Jafferis, Daniel L.

2017-11-01

We derive an equivalence between the (2,0) superconformal M5-brane field theory dimensionally reduced on a squashed three-sphere, and Chern-Simons theory with complex gauge group. In the reduction, the massless fermions obtain an action which is second order in derivatives and are reinterpreted as ghosts for gauge fixing the emergent non-compact gauge symmetry. A squashing parameter in the geometry controls the imaginary part of the complex Chern-Simons level.

Microstates of D1-D5(-P) black holes, as interacting D-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morita, Takeshi; Shiba, Shotaro

2015-07-01

In our previous study (Morita et al., 2014 [1]), we figured out that the thermodynamics of the near extremal black p-branes can be explained as the collective motions of gravitationally interacting elementary p-branes (the p-soup proposal). We test this proposal in the near-extremal D1-D5 and D1-D5-P black holes and show that their thermodynamics also can be explained in a similar fashion, i.e. via the collective motions of the interacting elementary D1-branes and D5-branes (and waves). It may imply that the microscopic origins of these intersecting black branes and the black p-brane are explained in the unified picture. We also argue the relation between the p-soup proposal and the conformal field theory calculations of the D1-D5(-P) black holes in superstring theory.

Higgs production and decay in models of a warped extra dimension with a bulk Higgs

DOE PAGES

Archer, Paul R.; Carena, Marcela; Carmona, Adrian; ...

2015-01-13

Warped extra-dimension models in which the Higgs boson is allowed to propagate in the bulk of a compact AdS 5 space are conjectured to be dual to models featuring a partially composite Higgs boson. They offer a framework with which to investigate the implications of changing the scaling dimension of the Higgs operator, which can be used to reduce the constraints from electroweak precision data. In the context of such models, we calculate the cross section for Higgs production in gluon fusion and the H → γγ decay rate and show that they are finite (at one-loop order) as amore » consequence of gauge invariance. The extended scalar sector comprising the Kaluza-Klein excitations of the Standard Model scalars is constructed in detail. The largest effects are due to virtual KK fermions, whose contributions to the cross section and decay rate introduce a quadratic sensitivity to the maximum allowed value y * of the random complex entries of the 5D anarchic Yukawa matrices. We find an enhancement of the gluon-fusion cross section and a reduction of the H → γγ rate as well as of the tree-level Higgs couplings to fermions and electroweak gauge bosons. As a result, we perform a detailed study of the correlated signal strengths for different production mechanisms and decay channels as functions of y *, the mass scale of Kaluza-Klein resonances and the scaling dimension of the composite Higgs operator.« less

Intersecting branes, Higgs sector, and chirality from N = 4 SYM with soft SUSY breaking

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sperling, Marcus; Steinacker, Harold C.

2018-04-01

We consider SU( N ) N = 4 super Yang-Mills with cubic and quadratic soft SUSY breaking potential, such that the global SU(4) R is broken to SU(3) or further. As shown recently, this set-up supports a rich set of non-trivial vacua with the geometry of self-intersecting SU(3) branes in 6 extra dimensions. The zero modes on these branes can be interpreted as 3 generations of bosonic and chiral fermionic strings connecting the branes at their intersections. Here, we uncover a large class of exact solutions consisting of branes connected by Higgs condensates, leading to Yukawa couplings between the chiral fermionic zero modes. Under certain decoupling conditions, the backreaction of the Higgs on the branes vanishes exactly. The resulting physics is that of a spontaneously broken chiral gauge theory on branes with fluxes. In particular, we identify combined brane plus Higgs configurations which lead to gauge fields that couple to chiral fermions at low energy. This turns out to be quite close to the Standard Model and its constructions via branes in string theory. As a by-product, we construct a G 2-brane solution corresponding to a squashed fuzzy coadjoint orbit of G 2.

A Disorder Unique to Adolescence? The Kleine-Levin Syndrome.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cawthorn, Paul

1990-01-01

Describes Kleine-Levin syndrome, rare disorder characterized by excessive sleep and abnormal hunger. Notes that, in its pure form, disorder can only be diagnosed in adolescent males. Presents case study of 15-year-old male with disease. Presents evidence which suggests link between Kleine-Levin syndrome and cyclic affective disorders. (Author/ABL)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tomizawa, Shinya

We show a uniqueness theorem for Kaluza-Klein black holes in the bosonic sector of five-dimensional minimal supergravity. More precisely, under the assumptions of the existence of two commuting axial isometries and a nondegenerate connected event horizon of the cross-section topology S{sup 3}, or lens space, we prove that a stationary charged rotating Kaluza-Klein black hole in five-dimensional minimal supergravity is uniquely characterized by its mass, two independent angular momenta, electric charge, magnetic flux, and nut charge, provided that there exists neither a nut nor a bolt (a bubble) in the domain of outer communication. We also show that under themore » assumptions of the same symmetry, same asymptotics, and the horizon cross section of S{sup 1}xS{sup 2}, a black ring within the same theory--if it exists--is uniquely determined by its dipole charge and rod intervals besides the charges and magnetic flux.« less

Brane decay and an initial spacelike singularity.

PubMed

Kawai, Shinsuke; Keski-Vakkuri, Esko; Leigh, Robert G; Nowling, Sean

2006-01-27

We present a novel string theory scenario where matter in a spacetime originates from a decaying brane at the origin of time. The decay could be considered as a big-bang-like event at X0=0. The closed string interpretation is a time-dependent spacetime with a semi-infinite time direction, with the initial energy of the brane converted into energy flux from the origin. The open string interpretation can be viewed as a string theoretic nonsingular initial condition.

The strong energy condition and the S-brane singularity problem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McInnes, Brett

2003-06-01

Recently it has been argued that, because tachyonic matter satisfies the Strong Energy Condition [SEC], there is little hope of avoiding the singularities which plague S-Brane spacetimes. Meanwhile, however, Townsend and Wohlfarth have suggested an ingenious way of circumventing the SEC in such situations, and other suggestions for actually violating it in the S-Brane context have recently been proposed. Of course, the natural context for discussions of [effective or actual] violations of the SEC is the theory of asymptotically deSitter spacetimes, which tend to be less singular than ordinary FRW spacetimes. However, while violating or circumventing the SEC is necessary if singularities are to be avoided, it is not at all clear that it is sufficient. That is, we can ask: would an asymptotically deSitter S-brane spacetime be non-singular? We show that this is difficult to achieve; this result is in the spirit of the recently proved "S-brane singularity theorem". Essentially our results suggest that circumventing or violating the SEC may not suffice to solve the S-Brane singularity problem, though we do propose two ways of avoiding this conclusion.

New interpretation of matter-antimatter asymmetry based on branes and possible observational consequences

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cai Ronggen; Li Tong; Li Xueqian

2007-11-15

Motivated by the alpha-magnetic-spectrometer (AMS) project, we assume that after the big bang or inflation epoch, antimatter was repelled onto one brane which is separated from our brane where all the observational matter resides. It is suggested that CP may be spontaneously broken, the two branes would correspond to ground states for matter and antimatter, respectively. Generally a complex scalar field which is responsible for the spontaneous CP violation, exists in the space between the branes. The matter and antimatter on the two branes attract each other via gravitational force, meanwhile the scalar field causes a Casimir effect to resultmore » in a repulsive force against the gravitation. We find that the Casimir force is much stronger than the gravitational force, as long as the separation of the two branes is small. Thus at early epoch after the big bang, the two branes were closer and then have been separated by the Casimir repulsive force from each other. The trend will continue until the separation is sufficiently large and then the gravitational force observed in our four-space would obviously deviate from the Newton's universal gravitational law. We suppose that there is a potential barrier at the brane boundary, which is similar to the surface tension for a water membrane. The barrier prevents the matter (antimatter) particles from entering the space between two branes and jump from one brane to another. However, by the quantum tunneling, a sizable antimatter flux may come to our brane and be observed by the AMS. In this work by considering two possible models, i.e. the naive flat space-time and Randall-Sundrum models, and using the observational data on the visible matter in our universe as inputs, we derive the antimatter flux which comes to our detector in the nonrelativistic approximation and make a rough numerical estimate of possible numbers of antihelium at AMS.« less

Cosmic superstrings: Observable remnants of brane inflation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wyman, Mark Charles

Brane inflation provides a natural dynamical model for the physics which underlie the inflationary paradigm. Besides their inflationary predictions, brane models imply another observable consequence: cosmic strings. In this dissertation I outline the background of how cosmic strings arise in brane inflationary models and how the properties of the strings and the models are mutually tied (Chapter 2). I then use cosmological observations to put limits on the properties of any actually-existing cosmic string network (Chapter 3). Next, I study the question of how cosmic superstrings, as the cosmic strings arising from string theory are known, could be distinct from classical gauge- theory cosmic strings. In particular, I propose an analytical model for the cosmological evolution of a network of binding cosmic strings (Chapter 4); I also describe the distinctive gravitational lensing phenomena that are caused by binding strings (Chapter 5). Finally, I lay out the background for the numerical study of a gauge theory model for the dynamics of cosmic superstring binding (Chapter 6).

Asymmetric Wormholes via Electrically Charged Lightlike Branes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Guendelman, E.; Kaganovich, A.; Nissimov, E.

2010-06-17

We consider a self-consistent Einstein-Maxwell-Kalb-Ramond system in the bulk D = 4 space-time interacting with a variable-tension electrically charged lightlike brane. The latter serves both as a material and charge source for gravity and electromagnetism, as well as it dynamically generates a bulk space varying cosmological constant. We find an asymmetric wormhole solution describing two 'universes' with different spherically symmetric black-hole-type geometries connected through a 'throat' occupied by the lightlike brane. The electrically neutral 'left universe' comprises the exterior region of Schwarzschild-de-Sitter (or pure Schwarzschild) space-time above the inner(Schwarzschild-type) horizon, whereas the electrically charged 'right universe' consists of the exteriormore » Reissner-Nordstroem (or Reissner-Nordstroem-de-Sitter) black hole region beyond the outer Reissner-Nordstroem horizon. All physical parameters of the wormhole are uniquely determined by two free parameters - the electric charge and Kalb-Ramond coupling of the lightlike brane.« less

Melanie Klein and countertransference: a note on some archival material.

PubMed

Hinshelwood, R D

2008-01-01

Five pages of notes were found in the Melanie Klein Archives at the Wellcome Library that concern her views on countertransference in 1953. Because of the paucity of references to countertransference in Klein's published writings these Notes fill in out knowledge. Her views were provoked by the work her students were doing in their experimental analyses of schizophrenic patients. Apocryphal stories suggest that Klein remained aligned with Freud's view of countertransference as simply interference. The Notes confirm that, whilst there is some truth to that, she did have a more sophisticated and nuanced view of the unconscious relations between analyst and analysand.

Kleine-Levin Syndrome Treated With Clarithromycin

PubMed Central

Rezvanian, Elham; Watson, Nathaniel F.

2013-01-01

Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare sleep disorder characterized by periodic hypersomnia and various degrees of cognitive and behavioral disturbance, hyperphagia, and hypersexuality. Effective treatment is challenging. Stimulants marginally address sleepiness, but may increase irritability and do not improve cognitive and behavioral disturbances. Modafinil may shorten the symptomatic period but not the recurrence rate. Lithium and carbamazepine are beneficial in some cases, possibly related to similarities between KLS and affective disorders. Currently, no single medication is consistently successful in treating the syndrome. Here we report the short-term effect of clarithromycin in a patient with KLS. Citation: Rezvanian E; Watson NF. Kleine-Levin syndrome treated with clarithromycin. J Clin Sleep Med 2013;9(11):1211-1212. PMID:24235906

Super-Lie n-algebra extensions, higher WZW models and super-p-branes with tensor multiplet fields

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fiorenza, Domenico; Sati, Hisham; Schreiber, Urs

2015-12-01

We formalize higher-dimensional and higher gauge WZW-type sigma-model local prequantum field theory, and discuss its rationalized/perturbative description in (super-)Lie n-algebra homotopy theory (the true home of the "FDA"-language used in the supergravity literature). We show generally how the intersection laws for such higher WZW-type σ-model branes (open brane ending on background brane) are encoded precisely in (super-)L∞-extension theory and how the resulting "extended (super-)space-times" formalize spacetimes containing σ-model brane condensates. As an application we prove in Lie n-algebra homotopy theory that the complete super-p-brane spectrum of superstring/M-theory is realized this way, including the pure σ-model branes (the "old brane scan") but also the branes with tensor multiplet worldvolume fields, notably the D-branes and the M5-brane. For instance the degree-0 piece of the higher symmetry algebra of 11-dimensional (11D) spacetime with an M2-brane condensate turns out to be the "M-theory super-Lie algebra". We also observe that in this formulation there is a simple formal proof of the fact that type IIA spacetime with a D0-brane condensate is the 11D sugra/M-theory spacetime, and of (prequantum) S-duality for type IIB string theory. Finally we give the non-perturbative description of all this by higher WZW-type σ-models on higher super-orbispaces with higher WZW terms in stacky differential cohomology.

Dirac relaxation of the Israel junction conditions: Unified Randall-Sundrum brane theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Davidson, Aharon; Gurwich, Ilya

2006-08-15

Following Dirac's brane variation prescription, the brane must not be deformed during the variation process, or else the linearity of the variation may be lost. Alternatively, the variation of the brane is done, in a special Dirac frame, by varying the bulk coordinate system itself. Imposing appropriate Dirac-style boundary conditions on the constrained 'sandwiched' gravitational action, we show how Israel junction conditions get relaxed, but remarkably, all solutions of the original Israel equations are still respected. The Israel junction conditions are traded, in the Z{sub 2}-symmetric case, for a generalized Regge-Teitelboim type equation (plus a local conservation law), and inmore » the generic Z{sub 2}-asymmetric case, for a pair of coupled Regge-Teitelboim equations. The Randall-Sundrum model and its derivatives, such as the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati and the Collins-Holdom models, get generalized accordingly. Furthermore, Randall-Sundrum and Regge-Teitelboim brane theories appear now to be two different faces of the one and the same unified brane theory. Within the framework of unified brane cosmology, we examine the dark matter/energy interpretation of the effective energy/momentum deviations from general relativity.« less

D-brane disformal coupling and thermal dark matter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dutta, Bhaskar; Jimenez, Esteban; Zavala, Ivonne

2017-11-01

Conformal and disformal couplings between a scalar field and matter occur naturally in general scalar-tensor theories. In D-brane models of cosmology and particle physics, these couplings originate from the D-brane action describing the dynamics of its transverse (the scalar) and longitudinal (matter) fluctuations, which are thus coupled. During the post-inflationary regime and before the onset of big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), these couplings can modify the expansion rate felt by matter, changing the predictions for the thermal relic abundance of dark matter particles and thus the annihilation rate required to satisfy the dark matter content today. We study the D-brane-like conformal and disformal couplings effect on the expansion rate of the Universe prior to BBN and its impact on the dark matter relic abundance and annihilation rate. For a purely disformal coupling, the expansion rate is always enhanced with respect to the standard one. This gives rise to larger cross sections when compared to the standard thermal prediction for a range of dark matter masses, which will be probed by future experiments. In a D-brane-like scenario, the scale at which the expansion rate enhancement occurs depends on the string coupling and the string scale.

Supersymmetric Localization and Probe Branes in the AdS/CFT correspondence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Robinson, Brandon

In this thesis, a precise, rigorous test of probe brane holography will be constructed. Since its discovery, the AdS/CFT correspondence has provided a window into the strongly coupled dynamics of supersymmetric gauge theories. The ability to include degrees of freedom that provide analogs for the physics of heavy quarks via the probe brane paradigm has further expanded the utility of the duality. The deformation away from a strictly conformal theory by the addition of flavor degrees of freedom induces a Landau pole outside of the 't Hooft limit where Nc → infinity and Nf/Nc " 1, which invites questions about the utility of the probe brane paradigm. Following from the recent application equivariant localization to massive supersymmetric gauge theories on curved backgrounds, a precise question can be formulated to compare, e.g., the free energy of a supersymmetric probe brane embedding and that of the localized dual field theory. This thesis will apply those concepts to the D3/D7 probe brane system dual to Nf N = 2 fundamental hypermultiplets on an S4 and the D3/D5 probe brane system dual to Nf N = 2 fundamental hypermultiplets living on a co-dimension one defect- an equatorial S3 ⊂ S4. In that framework, exact matching to the localization results are found.

Extensive numerical study of a D-brane, anti-D-brane system in AdS 5 /CFT 4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hegedűs, Árpád

2015-04-01

In this paper the hybrid-NLIE approach of [38] is extended to the ground state of a D-brane anti-D-brane system in AdS/CFT. The hybrid-NLIE equations presented in the paper are finite component alternatives of the previously proposed TBA equations and they admit an appropriate framework for the numerical investigation of the ground state of the problem. Straightforward numerical iterative methods fail to converge, thus new numerical methods are worked out to solve the equations. Our numerical data confirm the previous TBA data. In view of the numerical results the mysterious L = 1 case is also commented in the paper.

Unifying electromagnetism and gravitation without curvature

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Schuetze, D.

1985-10-01

This paper is devoted to a five-dimensional unification of the gravitational theory of Hayashi and Shirafuji with electromagnetism. Interference effects are found between gravitational contributions of matter spin and electromagnetism. This unification becomes the classical Kaluza--Klein theory if contributions of the torsion tensor related with spin are neglected.

["Is it an animal inside? "Melanie Klein's unpublished Don Juan Paper (1939)].

PubMed

Frank, Claudia

2008-01-01

Klein had been asked to contribute an article to the birthday number of the International Journal for Jones. The author outlines how she hurriedly wrote a text about Don Juan which, however, was rejected by the editor. Essential parts of it are presented in German translation. The manuscript is discussed in the context of Klein's published work as well as of the relevant contemporary literature. In Klein's view, Don Juan's genitality is determined by oral impulses and fears. By his manic acting out he attempts to ward off a depressive break-down. The paper ends with some reflections about why Klein--ontrary to her intention--failed to revise her manuscript for later publication.

Klein bottle logophysics: a unified principle for non-linear systems, cosmology, geophysics, biology, biomechanics and perception

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lucio Rapoport, Diego

2013-04-01

We present a unified principle for science that surmounts dualism, in terms of torsion fields and the non-orientable surfaces, notably the Klein Bottle and its logic, the Möbius strip and the projective plane. We apply it to the complex numbers and cosmology, to non-linear systems integrating the issue of hyperbolic divergences with the change of orientability, to the biomechanics of vision and the mammal heart, to the morphogenesis of crustal shapes on Earth in connection to the wavefronts of gravitation, elasticity and electromagnetism, to pattern recognition of artificial images and visual recognition, to neurology and the topographic maps of the sensorium, to perception, in particular of music. We develop it in terms of the fundamental 2:1 resonance inherent to the Möbius strip and the Klein Bottle, the minimal surfaces representation of the wavefronts, and the non-dual Klein Bottle logic inherent to pattern recognition, to the harmonic functions and vector fields that lay at the basis of geophysics and physics at large. We discuss the relation between the topographic maps of the sensorium, and the issue of turning inside-out of the visual world as a general principle for cognition, topological chemistry, cell biology and biological morphogenesis in particular in embryology

5-brane webs for 5d N = 1 G 2 gauge theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hayashi, Hirotaka; Kim, Sung-Soo; Lee, Kimyeong; Yagi, Futoshi

2018-03-01

We propose 5-brane webs for 5d N = 1 G 2 gauge theories. From a Higgsing of the SO(7) gauge theory with a hypermultiplet in the spinor representation, we construct two types of 5-brane web configurations for the pure G 2 gauge theory using an O5-plane or an \\tilde{O5} -plane. Adding flavors to the 5-brane web for the pure G 2 gauge theory is also discussed. Based on the obtained 5-brane webs, we compute the partition functions for the 5d G 2 gauge theories using the recently suggested topological vertex formulation with an O5-plane, and we find agreement with known results.

Klein, Ferenczi and the clinical diary.

PubMed

Hernandez-Halton, Isabel

2015-03-01

The aim of this article is to revisit Ferenczi's Clinical Diary (1932) to investigate the influence he had on Melanie Klein's work. It starts from the position that insufficient recognition has been given to Ferenczi's contribution to Klein's body of work and her professional development. Her analysis with Ferenczi lasted 5 years, a relatively long analysis for the period. It explores his influence in three specific areas: the importance of raw and early emotion in the maternal bond, the importance of freedom and authenticity in the analytic relationship, and finally the use of transference and countertransference feelings. Ferenczi's ill-fated experiment with mutual analysis will be discussed as it opened up a route to explore the analytic relationship, with important consequences for the future development of psychoanalysis.

M2- and M5-branes in E11 current algebra formulation of M-theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shiba, Shotaro; Sugawara, Hirotaka

2018-03-01

Equations of motion for M2- and M5-branes are written down in the E11 current algebra formulation of M-theory. These branes correspond to currents of the second and the fifth rank antisymmetric tensors in the E11 representation, whereas the electric and magnetic fields (coupled to M2- and M5-branes) correspond to currents of the third and the sixth rank antisymmetric tensors, respectively. We show that these equations of motion have solutions in terms of the coordinates on M2- and M5-branes. We also discuss the geometric equations, and show that there are static solutions when M2- or M5-brane exists alone and also when M5-brane wraps around M2-brane. This situation is realized because our Einstein-like equation contains an extra term which can be interpreted as gravitational energy contributing to the curvature, thus avoiding the usual intersection rule.

Oskar Klein

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fischer-Hjalmars, Inga; Laurent, Bertel

2014-03-01

Oskar Klein died on the fifth of February 1977 at the age of eighty-two. One of the most prominent Swedish physicists ever and an outstanding personality in the field of culture had passed away. He was a man whose interests knew no limits and as a scientist he greatly enriched our understanding of Nature. All those who knew him were astounded by his profound thinking, wealth of ideas, extensive insight and humanism, qualities that obviously had been stimulated by the spirit in his parents' home. His father, rabbi and professor in Stockholm, was deeply engaged in theological and humanitarian issues...

Hair-brane ideas on the horizon

DOE PAGES

Martinec, Emil J.; Niehoff, Ben E.

2015-11-27

We continue an examination of the microstate geometries program begun in arXiv:1409.6017, focussing on the role of branes that wrap the cycles which degenerate when a throat in the geometry deepens and a horizon forms. An associated quiver quantum mechanical model of minimally wrapped branes exhibits a non-negligible fraction of the gravitational entropy, which scales correctly as a function of the charges. The results suggest a picture of AdS3/CFT2 duality wherein the long string that accounts for BTZ black hole entropy in the CFT description, can also be seen to inhabit the horizon of BPS black holes on the gravitymore » side.« less

Relativistic elasticity of stationary fluid branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Armas, Jay; Obers, Niels A.

2013-02-01

Fluid mechanics can be formulated on dynamical surfaces of arbitrary codimension embedded in a background space-time. This has been the main object of study of the blackfold approach in which the emphasis has primarily been on stationary fluid configurations. Motivated by this approach we show under certain conditions that a given stationary fluid configuration living on a dynamical surface of vanishing thickness and satisfying locally the first law of thermodynamics will behave like an elastic brane when the surface is subject to small deformations. These results, which are independent of the number of space-time dimensions and of the fluid arising from a gravitational dual, reveal the (electro)elastic character of (charged) black branes when considering extrinsic perturbations.

M2-brane surface operators and gauge theory dualities in Toda

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gomis, Jaume; Le Floch, Bruno

2016-04-01

We give a microscopic two dimensional {N} = (2, 2) gauge theory description of arbitrary M2-branes ending on N f M5-branes wrapping a punctured Riemann surface. These realize surface operators in four dimensional {N} = 2 field theories. We show that the expectation value of these surface operators on the sphere is captured by a Toda CFT correlation function in the presence of an additional degenerate vertex operator labelled by a representation {R} of SU( N f ), which also labels M2-branes ending on M5-branes. We prove that symmetries of Toda CFT correlators provide a geometric realization of dualities between two dimensional gauge theories, including {N} = (2, 2) analogues of Seiberg and Kutasov-Schwimmer dualities. As a bonus, we find new explicit conformal blocks, braiding matrices, and fusion rules in Toda CFT.

Superradiant instabilities of rotating black branes and strings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cardoso, Vitor; Yoshida, Shijun

2005-07-01

Black branes and strings are generally unstable against a certain sector of gravitational perturbations. This is known as the Gregory-Laflamme instability. It has been recently argued [1], [2] that there exists another general instability affecting many rotating extended black objects. This instability is in a sense universal, in that it is triggered by any massless field, and not just gravitational perturbations. Here we investigate this novel mechanism in detail. For this instability to work, two ingredients are necessary: (i) an ergo-region, which gives rise to superradiant amplification of waves, and (ii) ``bound'' states in the effective potential governing the evolution of the particular mode under study. We show that the black brane Kerr4×Rp is unstable against this mechanism, and we present numerical results for instability timescales for this case. On the other hand, and quite surprisingly, black branes of the form Kerrd×Rp are all stable against this mechanism for d > 4. This is quite an unexpected result, and it stems from the fact that there are no stable circular orbits in higher dimensional black hole spacetimes, or in a wave picture, that there are no bound states in the effective potential. We also show that it is quite easy to simulate this instability in the laboratory with acoustic black branes.

Minimal left-right symmetric intersecting D-brane model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anchordoqui, Luis A.; Antoniadis, Ignatios; Goldberg, Haim; Huang, Xing; Lüst, Dieter; Taylor, Tomasz R.

2017-01-01

We investigate left-right symmetric extensions of the standard model based on open strings ending on D-branes, with gauge bosons due to strings attached to stacks of D-branes and chiral matter due to strings stretching between intersecting D-branes. The left-handed and right-handed fermions transform as doublets under S p (1 )L and S p (1 )R, and so their masses must be generated by the introduction of Higgs fields in a bifundamental (2 ,2 ) representation under the two S p (1 ) gauge groups. For such D-brane configurations the left-right symmetry must be broken by Higgs fields in the doublet representation of S p (1 )R and therefore Majorana mass terms are suppressed by some higher physics scale. The left-handed and right-handed neutrinos pair up to form Dirac fermions which control the decay widths of the right-handed W' boson to yield comparable branching fractions into dilepton and dijet channels. Using the most recent searches at LHC13 Run II with 2016 data we constrain the (gR,mW') parameter space. Our analysis indicates that independent of the coupling strength gR, gauge bosons with masses mW'≳3.5 TeV are not ruled out. As the LHC is just beginning to probe the TeV scale, significant room for W' discovery remains.

Effect of the chameleon scalar field on brane cosmological evolution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bisabr, Y.; Ahmadi, F.

2017-11-01

We have investigated a brane world model in which the gravitational field in the bulk is described both by a metric tensor and a minimally coupled scalar field. This scalar field is taken to be a chameleon with an appropriate potential function. The scalar field interacts with matter and there is an energy transfer between the two components. We find a late-time asymptotic solution which exhibits late-time accelerating expansion. We also show that the Universe recently crosses the phantom barrier without recourse to any exotic matter. We provide some thermodynamic arguments which constrain both the direction of energy transfer and dynamics of the extra dimension.

Comments on SUSY Inflation Models on the Brane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Lu-Yun; Cheung, Kingman; Lin, Chia-Min

In this paper we consider a class of inflation models on the brane where the dominant part of the inflaton scalar potential does not depend on the inflaton field value during inflation. In particular, we consider supernatural inflation, its hilltop version, A-term inflation, and supersymmetric (SUSY) D- and F-term hybrid inflation on the brane. We show that the parameter space can be broadened, the inflation scale generally can be lowered, and still possible to have the spectral index ns = 0.96.

Entropic nonadditivity, H theorem, and nonlinear Klein-Kramers equations.

PubMed

Dos Santos, M A F; Lenzi, E K

2017-11-01

We use the H theorem to establish the entropy and the entropic additivity law for a system composed of subsystems, with the dynamics governed by the Klein-Kramers equations, by considering relations among the dynamics of these subsystems and their entropies. We start considering the subsystems governed by linear Klein-Kramers equations and verify that the Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy is appropriated to this dynamics, leading us to the standard entropic additivity, S_{BG}^{(1∪2)}=S_{BG}^{1}+S_{BG}^{2}, consistent with the fact that the distributions of the subsystem are independent. We then extend the dynamics of these subsystems to independent nonlinear Klein-Kramers equations. For this case, the results show that the H theorem is verified for a generalized entropy, which does not preserve the standard entropic additivity for independent distributions. In this scenario, consistent results are obtained when a suitable coupling among the nonlinear Klein-Kramers equations is considered, in which each subsystem modifies the other until an equilibrium state is reached. This dynamics, for the subsystems, results in the Tsallis entropy for the system and, consequently, verifies the relation S_{q}^{(1∪2)}=S_{q}^{1}+S_{q}^{2}+(1-q)S_{q}^{1}S_{q}^{2}/k, which is a nonadditive entropic relation.

On a boundary-localized Higgs boson in 5D theories.

PubMed

Barceló, Roberto; Mitra, Subhadip; Moreau, Grégory

In the context of a simple five-dimensional (5D) model with bulk matter coupled to a brane-localized Higgs boson, we point out a non-commutativity in the 4D calculation of the mass spectrum for excited fermion towers: the obtained expression depends on the choice in ordering the limits, [Formula: see text] (infinite Kaluza-Klein tower) and [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] being the parameter introduced for regularizing the Higgs Dirac peak). This introduces the question of which one is the correct order; we then show that the two possible orders of regularization (called I and II) are experimentally equivalent, as both can typically reproduce the measured observables, but that the one with less degrees of freedom (I) could be uniquely excluded by future experimental constraints. This conclusion is based on the exact matching between the 4D and 5D analytical calculations of the mass spectrum - via regularizations of type I and II. Beyond a deeper insight into the Higgs peak regularizations, this matching brings another confirmation of the validity of the 5D mixed formalism. All the conclusions, deduced from regularizing the Higgs peak through a brane shift or a smoothed square profile, are expected to remain similar in realistic models with a warped extra-dimension. The complementary result of the study is that the non-commutativity disappears, both in the 4D and the 5D calculations, in the presence of higher order derivative operators. For clarity, the 4D and 5D analytical calculations, matching with each other, are presented in the first part of the paper, while the second part is devoted to the interpretation of the results.

Brane Inflation, Solitons and Cosmological Solutions: I

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen, P.

2005-01-25

In this paper we study various cosmological solutions for a D3/D7 system directly from M-theory with fluxes and M2-branes. In M-theory, these solutions exist only if we incorporate higher derivative corrections from the curvatures as well as G-fluxes. We take these corrections into account and study a number of toy cosmologies, including one with a novel background for the D3/D7 system whose supergravity solution can be completely determined. Our new background preserves all the good properties of the original model and opens up avenues to investigate cosmological effects from wrapped branes and brane-antibrane annihilation, to name a few. We alsomore » discuss in some detail semilocal defects with higher global symmetries, for example exceptional ones, that occur in a slightly different regime of our D3/D7 model. We show that the D3/D7 system does have the required ingredients to realize these configurations as non-topological solitons of the theory. These constructions also allow us to give a physical meaning to the existence of certain underlying homogeneous quaternionic Kahler manifolds.« less

Thalamic Activation in the Kleine-Levin Syndrome

PubMed Central

Engström, Maria; Karlsson, Thomas; Landtblom, Anne-Marie

2014-01-01

Study Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate if combined measures of activation in the thalamus and working memory capacity could guide the diagnosis of Kleine-Levin Syndrome (KLS). A second objective was to obtain more insight into the neurobiological causes of KLS. Design: Matched group and consecutive recruitment. Setting: University hospital neurology department and imaging center. Patients or Participants: Eighteen patients with KLS diagnosed according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders and 26 healthy controls were included. Interventions: N/A. Measurements and Results: Working memory capacity was assessed by the listening span task. A version of this task (reading span) was presented to the participants during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Activation in the thalamus was measured in a region of interest analysis. A combination of the working memory capacity and the thalamic activation measures resulted in 80% prediction accuracy, 81% sensitivity, and 78% specificity regarding the ability to separate KLS patients from healthy controls. The controls had an inverse relation between working memory capacity and thalamic activation; higher performing participants had lower thalamic activation (r = -0.41). KLS patients showed the opposite relationship; higher performing participants had a tendency to higher thalamic activation (r = -0.35). Conclusions: This study shows that functional neuroimaging of the thalamus combined with neuropsychological assessment of working memory function provides a means to guide diagnosis of Kleine-Levin Syndrome. Results in this study also indicate that imaging of brain function and evaluation of cognitive capacity can give insights into the neurobiological mechanisms of Kleine-Levin Syndrome. Citation: Engström M; Karlsson T; Landtblom AM. Thalamic activation in the Kleine-Levin Syndrome. SLEEP 2014;37(2):379-386. PMID:24497666

Flowing to higher dimensions: a new strongly-coupled phase on M2 branes

DOE PAGES

Pilch, Krzysztof; Tyukov, Alexander; Warner, Nicholas P.

2015-11-24

We describe a one-parameter family of new holographic RG flows that start from AdS 4 × S 7 and go to AdS 5ˆ×B6, where B6 is conformal to a Kahler manifold and AdS 5ˆ is Poincaré AdS 5 with one spatial direction compactified and fibered over B6. The new solutions “flow up dimensions,” going from the (2 + 1)-dimensional conformal field theory on M2 branes in the UV to a (3 + 1)-dimensional field theory on intersecting M5 branes in the infra-red. The M2 branes completely polarize into M5 branes along the flow and the Poincare sections of the AdSmore » 5ˆ are the (3 + 1)-dimensional common intersection of the M5 branes. The emergence of the extra dimension in the infra-red suggests a new strongly-coupled phase of the M2 brane and ABJM theories in which charged solitons are becoming massless. The flow solution is first analyzed by finding a four-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric flow in N=8 gauged supergravity. This is then generalized to a one parameter family of non-supersymmetric flows. The infra-red limit of the solutions appears to be quite singular in four dimensions but the uplift to eleven-dimensional supergravity is remarkable and regular (up to orbifolding). Our construction is a non-trivial application of the recently derived uplift formulae for fluxes, going well beyond the earlier constructions of stationary points solutions. As a result, the eleven-dimensional supersymmetry is also analyzed and shows how, for the supersymmetric flow, the M2-brane supersymmetry in the UV is polarized entirely into M5-brane supersymmetry in the infra-red.« less

Flowing to higher dimensions: a new strongly-coupled phase on M2 branes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pilch, Krzysztof; Tyukov, Alexander; Warner, Nicholas P.

We describe a one-parameter family of new holographic RG flows that start from AdS 4 × S 7 and go to AdS 5ˆ×B6, where B6 is conformal to a Kahler manifold and AdS 5ˆ is Poincaré AdS 5 with one spatial direction compactified and fibered over B6. The new solutions “flow up dimensions,” going from the (2 + 1)-dimensional conformal field theory on M2 branes in the UV to a (3 + 1)-dimensional field theory on intersecting M5 branes in the infra-red. The M2 branes completely polarize into M5 branes along the flow and the Poincare sections of the AdSmore » 5ˆ are the (3 + 1)-dimensional common intersection of the M5 branes. The emergence of the extra dimension in the infra-red suggests a new strongly-coupled phase of the M2 brane and ABJM theories in which charged solitons are becoming massless. The flow solution is first analyzed by finding a four-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric flow in N=8 gauged supergravity. This is then generalized to a one parameter family of non-supersymmetric flows. The infra-red limit of the solutions appears to be quite singular in four dimensions but the uplift to eleven-dimensional supergravity is remarkable and regular (up to orbifolding). Our construction is a non-trivial application of the recently derived uplift formulae for fluxes, going well beyond the earlier constructions of stationary points solutions. As a result, the eleven-dimensional supersymmetry is also analyzed and shows how, for the supersymmetric flow, the M2-brane supersymmetry in the UV is polarized entirely into M5-brane supersymmetry in the infra-red.« less

The big bang as a higher-dimensional shock wave

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wesson, P. S.; Liu, H.; Seahra, S. S.

2000-06-01

We give an exact solution of the five-dimensional field equations which describes a shock wave moving in time and the extra (Kaluza-Klein) coordinate. The matter in four-dimensional spacetime is a cosmology with good physical properties. The solution suggests to us that the 4D big bang was a 5D shock wave.

Scalar production in association with a Z boson at the LHC and ILC: The mixed Higgs-radion case of warped models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Angelescu, Andrei; Moreau, Grégory; Richard, François

2017-07-01

The radion scalar field might be the lightest new particle predicted by extradimensional extensions of the standard model. It could thus lead to the first signatures of new physics at the LHC collider. We perform a complete study of the radion production in association with the Z gauge boson in the custodially protected warped model with a brane-localized Higgs boson addressing the gauge hierarchy problem. Radion-Higgs mixing effects are present. Such a radion production receives possibly resonant contributions from the Kaluza-Klein excitations of the Z boson as well as the extra neutral gauge boson (Z'). All the exchange and mixing effects induced by those heavy bosons are taken into account in the radion coupling and rate calculations. The investigation of the considered radion production at the LHC allows us to be sensitive to some parts of the parameter space but only the ILC program at high luminosity would cover most of the theoretically allowed parameter space via the studied reaction. Complementary tests of the same theoretical parameters can be realized through the high accuracy measurements of the Higgs couplings at the ILC. The generic sensitivity limits on the rates discussed for the LHC and ILC potential reach can be applied to the searches for other (light) exotic scalar bosons.

Melanie Klein and Repression: an examination of some unpublished Notes of 1934.

PubMed

Hinshelwood, R D

2006-01-01

Fifteen pages of unpublished Notes were found in the Melanie Klein Archives dating from early 1934, a crucial moment in Klein's development. She was at this time, 1934, moving away from child analysis, whilst also rethinking and revising her allegiance to Karl Abraham's theory of the phases of libidinal development. These Notes, entitled "Early Repression Mechanism," show Klein struggling to develop what became her characteristic theories of the depressive position and the paranoid-schizoid position. Although these Notes are precursors of the paper Klein gave later to the IPA Congress in 1934, they also show the origins of the emphasis she and her followers eventually gave to "splitting" rather than repression. The Notes give us an insight into the way that she worked clinically at the time. We see Klein's confidence develop as she diverged from the classical theories and technique. Her ideas were based on close attention to the detail of her clinical material, rather than attacking theoretical problems directly. The Notes show her method of struggling to her own conclusions, and they offer us a chance to grasp the roots of the subsequent controversy over Kleinian thought.

Felix Klein and the NCTM's Standards: A Mathematician Considers Mathematics Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McComas, Kim Krusen

2000-01-01

Discusses the parallels between Klein's position at the forefront of a movement to reform mathematics education and that of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics' (NCTM) Standards. Draws a picture of Klein as an important historical figure who saw equal importance in studying pure mathematics, applying mathematics, and teaching…

Linear perturbations of black holes: stability, quasi-normal modes and tails

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhidenko, Alexander

2009-03-01

Black holes have their proper oscillations, which are called the quasi-normal modes. The proper oscillations of astrophysical black holes can be observed in the nearest future with the help of gravitational wave detectors. Quasi-normal modes are also very important in the context of testing of the stability of black objects, the anti-de Sitter/Conformal Field Theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence and in higher dimensional theories, such as the brane-world scenarios and string theory. This dissertation reviews a number of works, which provide a thorough study of the quasi-normal spectrum of a wide class of black holes in four and higher dimensions for fields of various spin and gravitational perturbations. We have studied numerically the dependance of the quasi-normal modes on a number of factors, such as the presence of the cosmological constant, the Gauss-Bonnet parameter or the aether in the space-time, the dependance of the spectrum on parameters of the black hole and fields under consideration. By the analysis of the quasi-normal spectrum, we have studied the stability of higher dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom-de Sitter black holes, Kaluza-Klein black holes with squashed horizons, Gauss-Bonnet black holes and black strings. Special attention is paid to the evolution of massive fields in the background of various black holes. We have considered their quasi-normal ringing and the late-time tails. In addition, we present two new numerical techniques: a generalisation of the Nollert improvement of the Frobenius method for higher dimensional problems and a qualitatively new method, which allows to calculate quasi-normal frequencies for black holes, which metrics are not known analytically.

Gauge invariance, quantization and integration of heavy modes in a gauge Kaluza-Klein theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Novales-Sánchez, H.

This dissertation examines topics at the intersection of environmental and energy economics. The first two chapters explore how policies can induce more efficient use of the energy sources available for generating electricity. The electricity sector is a major source of a wide variety of harmful pollutants. To mitigate the environmental impacts of electricity production, a variety of policies are being implemented to increase the quantity of generation from clean, renewable energy sources. The first chapter identifies the short-run reductions in emissions caused by generation from a particular renewable technology; wind turbines. Using the estimates of the pollution offset by the renewable production, I explore the efficiency of the incentives created by the current set of renewable energy policies. The second chapter examines the impact adding bulk electricity storage capacity will have on the full social costs of generating electricity. The third chapter explores the impact of various gasoline tax structures on both retail price volatility and state revenue volatility.

Location of John Klein Drill Site

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-03-12

This false-color map shows the area within Gale Crater on Mars, where NASA Curiosity rover landed on Aug. 5, 2012 PDT Aug. 6, 2012 EDT and the location where Curiosity collected its first drilled sample at the John Klein rock.

Tachyon Condensation and Brane Annihilation in Bose-Einstein Condensates: Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in Restricted Lower-Dimensional Subspace

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takeuchi, Hiromitsu; Kasamatsu, Kenichi; Tsubota, Makoto; Nitta, Muneto

2013-05-01

In brane cosmology, the Big Bang is hypothesized to occur by the annihilation of the brane-anti-brane pair in a collision, where the branes are three-dimensional objects in a higher-dimensional Universe. Spontaneous symmetry breaking accompanied by the formation of lower-dimensional topological defects, e.g. cosmic strings, is triggered by the so-called `tachyon condensation', where the existence of tachyons is attributable to the instability of the brane-anti-brane system. Here, we discuss the closest analogue of the tachyon condensation in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. We consider annihilation of domain walls, namely branes, in strongly segregated two-component condensates, where one component is sandwiched by two domains of the other component. In this system, the process of the brane annihilation can be projected effectively as ferromagnetic ordering dynamics onto a two-dimensional space. Based on this correspondence, three-dimensional formation of vortices from a domain-wall annihilation is considered to be a kink formation due to spontaneous symmetry breaking in the two-dimensional space. We also discuss a mechanism to create a `vorton' when the sandwiched component has a vortex string bridged between the branes. We hope that this study motivates experimental researches to realize this exotic phenomenon of spontaneous symmetry breaking in superfluid systems.

Diffusion constant of slowly rotating black three-brane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Amoozad, Z.; Sadeghi, J.

2018-01-01

In this paper, we take the slowly rotating black three-brane background and perturb it by introducing a vector gauge field. We find the components of the gauge field through Maxwell equations and Bianchi identities. Using currents and some ansatz we find Fick's first law at long wavelength regime. An interesting result for this non-trivial supergravity background is that the diffusion constant on the stretched horizon which emerges from Fick's first law is a complex constant. The pure imaginary part of the diffusion constant appears because the black three-brane has angular momentum. By taking the static limit of the corresponding black brane the well known diffusion constant will be recovered. On the other hand, from the point of view of the Fick's second law, we have the dispersion relation ω = - iDq2 and we found a damping of hydrodynamical flow in the holographically dual theory. Existence of imaginary term in the diffusion constant introduces an oscillating propagation of the gauge field in the dual field theory.

B-branes and supersymmetric quivers in 2d

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Closset, Cyril; Guo, Jirui; Sharpe, Eric

2018-02-01

We study 2d N = (0, 2) supersymmetric quiver gauge theories that describe the low-energy dynamics of D1-branes at Calabi-Yau fourfold (CY4) singularities. On general grounds, the holomorphic sector of these theories — matter content and (classical) superpotential interactions — should be fully captured by the topological B-model on the CY4. By studying a number of examples, we confirm this expectation and flesh out the dictionary between B-brane category and supersymmetric quiver: the matter content of the supersymmetric quiver is encoded in morphisms between B-branes (that is, Ext groups of coherent sheaves), while the superpotential interactions are encoded in the A ∞ algebra satisfied by the morphisms. This provides us with a derivation of the supersymmetric quiver directly from the CY4 geometry. We also suggest a relation between triality of N = (0 ,2) gauge theories and certain mutations of exceptional collections of sheaves. 0d N = 1 supersymmetric quivers, corresponding to D-instantons probing CY5 singularities, can be discussed similarly.

Holographic entanglement entropy and entanglement thermodynamics of 'black' non-susy D3 brane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bhattacharya, Aranya; Roy, Shibaji

2018-06-01

Like BPS D3 brane, the non-supersymmetric (non-susy) D3 brane of type IIB string theory is also known to have a decoupling limit and leads to a non-supersymmetric AdS/CFT correspondence. The throat geometry in this case represents a QFT which is neither conformal nor supersymmetric. The 'black' version of the non-susy D3 brane in the decoupling limit describes a QFT at finite temperature. Here we first compute the entanglement entropy for small subsystem of such QFT from the decoupled geometry of 'black' non-susy D3 brane using holographic technique. Then we study the entanglement thermodynamics for the weakly excited states of this QFT from the asymptotically AdS geometry of the decoupled 'black' non-susy D3 brane. We observe that for small subsystem this background indeed satisfies a first law like relation with a universal (entanglement) temperature inversely proportional to the size of the subsystem and an (entanglement) pressure normal to the entangling surface. Finally we show how the entanglement entropy makes a cross-over to the thermal entropy at high temperature.

A Klein-tunneling transistor with ballistic graphene

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wilmart, Quentin; Berrada, Salim; Torrin, David; Nguyen, V. Hung; Fève, Gwendal; Berroir, Jean-Marc; Dollfus, Philippe; Plaçais, Bernard

2014-06-01

Today, the availability of high mobility graphene up to room temperature makes ballistic transport in nanodevices achievable. In particular, p-n-p transistors in the ballistic regime give access to Klein tunneling physics and allow the realization of devices exploiting the optics-like behavior of Dirac Fermions (DFs) as in the Veselago lens or the Fabry-Pérot cavity. Here we propose a Klein tunneling transistor based on the geometrical optics of DFs. We consider the case of a prismatic active region delimited by a triangular gate, where total internal reflection may occur, which leads to the tunable suppression of transistor transmission. We calculate the transmission and the current by means of scattering theory and the finite bias properties using non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) simulation.

The (2, 0) superalgebra, null M-branes and Hitchin's system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kucharski, P.; Lambert, N.; Owen, M.

2017-10-01

We present an interacting system of equations with sixteen supersymmetries and an SO(2) × SO(6) R-symmetry where the fields depend on two space and one null dimensions that is derived from a representation of the six-dimensional (2, 0) superalgebra. The system can be viewed as two M5-branes compactified on {S}-^1× T^2 or equivalently as M2-branes on R+× R^2 , where ± refer to null directions. We show that for a particular choice of fields the dynamics can be reduced to motion on the moduli space of solutions to the Hitchin system. We argue that this provides a description of intersecting null M2-branes and is also related by U-duality to a DLCQ description of four-dimensional maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills.

Standard 4D gravity on a brane in six-dimensional flux compactifications

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Peloso, Marco; Sorbo, Lorenzo; Tasinato, Gianmassimo

We consider a six-dimensional space-time, in which two of the dimensions are compactified by a flux. Matter can be localized on a codimension one brane coupled to the bulk gauge field and wrapped around an axis of symmetry of the internal space. By studying the linear perturbations around this background, we show that the gravitational interaction between sources on the brane is described by Einstein 4D gravity at large distances. Our model provides a consistent setup for the study of gravity in the rugby (or football) compactification, without having to deal with the complications of a deltalike, codimension two brane.more » To our knowledge, this is the first complete study of gravity in a realistic brane model with two extra dimensions, in which the mechanism of stabilization of the extra space is fully taken into account.« less

Poverty Reduction and the World Bank. Progress in Fiscal 1996 and 1997.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

World Bank, Washington, DC.

This report reviews progress in implementation of the World Bank's poverty reduction strategy during fiscal 1996-97. Chapter 1, "The World Bank's Poverty Reduction Strategy and Future Directions," outlines elements in the poverty reduction strategy: policies to promote broad-based labor-demanding growth and increase the productivity and…

Black branes as piezoelectrics.

PubMed

Armas, Jay; Gath, Jakob; Obers, Niels A

2012-12-14

We find a realization of linear electroelasticity theory in gravitational physics by uncovering a new response coefficient of charged black branes, exhibiting their piezoelectric behavior. Taking charged dilatonic black strings as an example and using the blackfold approach we measure their elastic and piezolectric moduli. We also use our results to draw predictions about the equilibrium condition of charged dilatonic black rings in dimensions higher than six.

Cosmology of a Friedmann-Lamaître-Robertson-Walker 3-brane, late-time cosmic acceleration, and the cosmic coincidence.

PubMed

Doolin, Ciaran; Neupane, Ishwaree P

2013-04-05

A late epoch cosmic acceleration may be naturally entangled with cosmic coincidence--the observation that at the onset of acceleration the vacuum energy density fraction nearly coincides with the matter density fraction. In this Letter we show that this is indeed the case with the cosmology of a Friedmann-Lamaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) 3-brane in a five-dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime. We derive the four-dimensional effective action on a FLRW 3-brane, from which we obtain a mass-reduction formula, namely, M(P)(2) = ρ(b)/|Λ(5)|, where M(P) is the effective (normalized) Planck mass, Λ(5) is the five-dimensional cosmological constant, and ρ(b) is the sum of the 3-brane tension V and the matter density ρ. Although the range of variation in ρ(b) is strongly constrained, the big bang nucleosynthesis bound on the time variation of the effective Newton constant G(N) = (8πM(P)(2))(-1) is satisfied when the ratio V/ρ ≳ O(10(2)) on cosmological scales. The same bound leads to an effective equation of state close to -1 at late epochs in accordance with astrophysical and cosmological observations.

Fractional Klein-Gordon equation composed of Jumarie fractional derivative and its interpretation by a smoothness parameter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ghosh, Uttam; Banerjee, Joydip; Sarkar, Susmita; Das, Shantanu

2018-06-01

Klein-Gordon equation is one of the basic steps towards relativistic quantum mechanics. In this paper, we have formulated fractional Klein-Gordon equation via Jumarie fractional derivative and found two types of solutions. Zero-mass solution satisfies photon criteria and non-zero mass satisfies general theory of relativity. Further, we have developed rest mass condition which leads us to the concept of hidden wave. Classical Klein-Gordon equation fails to explain a chargeless system as well as a single-particle system. Using the fractional Klein-Gordon equation, we can overcome the problem. The fractional Klein-Gordon equation also leads to the smoothness parameter which is the measurement of the bumpiness of space. Here, by using this smoothness parameter, we have defined and interpreted the various cases.

Naked shell singularities on the brane

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Seahra, Sanjeev S.

By utilizing nonstandard slicings of 5-dimensional Schwarzschild and Schwarzschild-AdS manifolds based on isotropic coordinates, we generate static and spherically-symmetric braneworld spacetimes containing shell-like naked null singularities. For planar slicings, we find that the brane-matter sourcing the solution is a perfect fluid with an exotic equation of state and a pressure singularity where the brane crosses the bulk horizon. From a relativistic point of view, such a singularity is required to maintain matter infinitesimally above the surface of a black hole. From the point of view of the AdS/CFT conjecture, the singular horizon can be seen as one possible quantum correctionmore » to a classical black hole geometry. Various generalizations of planar slicings are also considered for a Ricci-flat bulk, and we find that singular horizons and exotic matter distributions are common features.« less

Variable generalized Chaplygin gas in a 5D cosmology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salti, Mustafa; Aydogdu, Oktay; Yanar, Hilmi; Sogut, Kenan

2018-03-01

We construct the variable generalized Chaplygin gas (VGCG) defining a unified dark matter-energy scenario and investigate its essential cosmological properties in a universe governed by the Kaluza-Klein (KK) theory. A possible theoretical basis for the VGCG in the KK cosmology is argued. Also, we check the validity of thermodynamical laws and reimplement dynamics of tachyons in the KK universe.

Inner space/outer space - The interface between cosmology and particle physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kolb, Edward W.; Turner, Michael S.; Lindley, David; Olive, Keith; Seckel, David

A collection of papers covering the synthesis between particle physics and cosmology is presented. The general topics addressed include: standard models of particle physics and cosmology; microwave background radiation; origin and evolution of large-scale structure; inflation; massive magnetic monopoles; supersymmetry, supergravity, and quantum gravity; cosmological constraints on particle physics; Kaluza-Klein cosmology; and future directions and connections in particle physics and cosmology.

The Self-Evolving Cosmos: A Phenomenological Approach to Nature's Unity-in-Diversity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rosen, Steven M.

ch. 1. Introduction: individuation and the quest for unity -- ch. 2. The obstacle to unification in modern physics. 2.1. Introduction. 2.2. Does contemporary mathematical physics actually depart from the classical formulation? -- ch. 3. The phenomenological challenge to the classical formula -- ch. 4. Topological phenomenology. 4.1. Introduction. 4.2. Phenomenological intuition, topology, and the Klein bottle. 4.3. The physical significance of the Klein bottle -- ch. 5. The dimensional family of topological spinors. 5.1. Generalization of intuitive topology. 5.2. Topodimensional spin matrix -- ch. 6. Basic principles of dimensional transformation. 6.1. Synsymmetry and the self-transformation of space. 6.2. From symmetry breaking to dimensional generation. 6.3. The three basic stages of dimensional generation. 6.4. Kleinian topogeny -- ch. 7. Waves carrying waves: the co-evolution of lifeworlds -- ch. 8. The forces of nature. 8.1. The phenomenon of light. 8.2. Phenomenological Kaluza-Klein theory. 8.3. Summary comparison of conventional and topo-phenomenological approaches to Kaluza-Klein theory -- ch. 9. Cosmogony, symmetry, and phenomenological intuition. 9.1. Conventional view of the evolving cosmos. 9.2. The problem of symmetry. 9.3. A new kind of clarity -- ch. 10. The self-evolving cosmos. 10.1. Introduction to the cosmogonic matrix. 10.2. Overview of cosmic evolution. 10.3. The role of the fermions in dimensional generation. 10.4. Projective stages of cosmogony: dimensional divergence. 10.5. Proprioceptive stages of cosmogony: dimensional convergence. 10.6. Conclusion: wider horizons of cosmic evolution -- ch. 11. The psychophysics of cosmogony. 11.1. Psychical aspects of the fundamental particles. 11.2. Toward a reflexive physics. 11.3. Concretization of the self-evolving cosmos.

Linearized Israel matching conditions for cosmological perturbations in a moving brane background

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bucher, Martin; DAMTP, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA; Carvalho, Carla

2005-04-15

In the Randall-Sundrum cosmological models, a (3+1)-dimensional brane subject to a Z{sub 2} orbifold symmetry is embedded in a (4+1)-dimensional bulk spacetime empty except for a negative cosmological constant. The unperturbed braneworld cosmological solutions, subject to homogeneity and isotropy in the three transverse spatial dimensions, are most simply presented by means of a moving brane description. Owing to a generalization of Birkhoff's theorem, as long as there are no perturbations violating the three-dimensional spatial homogeneity and isotropy, the bulk spacetime remains stationary and trivial. For the spatially flat case, the bulk spacetime is described by one of three bulk solutions:more » a pure AdS{sup 5} solution, an AdS{sup 5}-Schwarzschild black hole solution, or an AdS{sup 5}-Schwarzschild naked singularity solution. The brane moves on the boundary of one of these simple bulk spacetimes, its trajectory determined by the evolution of the stress-energy localized on the brane. We derive here the form of the Israel matching conditions for the linearized cosmological perturbations in this moving brane picture. These Israel matching conditions must be satisfied in any gauge. However, they are not sufficient to determine how to describe in a specific gauge the reflection of the bulk gravitational waves off the brane boundary. In this paper we adopt a fully covariant Lorentz gauge condition in the bulk and find the supplementary gauge conditions that must be imposed on the boundary to ensure that the reflected waves do not violate the Lorentz gauge condition. Compared to the form obtained from Gaussian normal coordinates, the form of the Israel matching conditions obtained here is more complex. However, the propagation of the bulk gravitons is simpler because the coordinates used for the background exploit fully the symmetry of the bulk background solution.« less

Holographic dark energy in braneworld models with moving branes and the w = -1 crossing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saridakis, E. N.

2008-04-01

We apply the bulk holographic dark energy in general 5D two-brane models. We extract the Friedmann equation on the physical brane and we show that in the general moving-brane case the effective 4D holographic dark energy behaves as a quintom for a large parameter-space area of a simple solution subclass. We find that wΛ was larger than -1 in the past while its present value is wΛ0≈-1.05, and the phantom bound wΛ = -1 was crossed at zp≈0.41, a result in agreement with observations. Such a behavior arises naturally, without the inclusion of special fields or potential terms, but a fine-tuning between the 4D Planck mass and the brane tension has to be imposed.

Auto-concealment of supersymmetry in extra dimensions

DOE PAGES

Dimopoulos, Savas; Howe, Kiel; March-Russell, John; ...

2015-06-05

In supersymmetric (SUSY) theories with extra dimensions the visible energy in sparticle decays can be significantly reduced and its energy distribution broadened, thus significantly weakening the present collider limits on SUSY. The mechanism applies when the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is a bulk state — e.g. a bulk modulino, axino, or gravitino — the size of the extra dimensions ≳ 10 –14 cm, and for a broad variety of visible sparticle spectra. In such cases the lightest ordinary supersymmetric particle (LOSP), necessarily a brane-localised state, decays to the Kaluza-Klein (KK) discretuum of the LSP. This dynamically realises the compression mechanismmore » for hiding SUSY as decays into the more numerous heavier KK LSP states are favored. We find LHC limits on right-handed slepton LOSPs evaporate, while LHC limits on stop LOSPs weaken to ~350 ÷ 410 GeV compared to ~700 GeV for a stop decaying to a massless LSP. Similarly, for the searches we consider, present limits on direct production of degenerate first and second generation squarks drop to ~450 GeV compared to ~800 GeV for a squark decaying to a massless LSP. Auto-concealment typically works for a fundamental gravitational scale of M* ~10 ÷ 100 TeV, a scale sufficiently high that traditional searches for signatures of extra dimensions are mostly avoided. If superpartners are discovered, their prompt, displaced, or stopped decays can also provide new search opportunities for extra dimensions with the potential to reach M* ~10 9 GeV. As a result, this mechanism applies more generally than just SUSY theories, pertaining to any theory where there is a discrete quantum number shared by both brane and bulk sectors.« less

1/2-BPS D-branes from covariant open superstring in AdS4 × CP3 background

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Jaemo; Shin, Hyeonjoon

2018-05-01

We consider the open superstring action in the AdS4 × CP 3 background and investigate the suitable boundary conditions for the open superstring describing the 1/2-BPS D-branes by imposing the κ-symmetry of the action. This results in the classification of 1/2-BPS D-branes from covariant open superstring. It is shown that the 1/2-BPS D-brane configurations are restricted considerably by the Kähler structure on CP 3. We just consider D-branes without worldvolume fluxes.

Klein tunneling in the α -T3 model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Illes, E.; Nicol, E. J.

2017-06-01

We investigate Klein tunneling for the α -T3 model, which interpolates between graphene and the dice lattice via parameter α . We study transmission across two types of electrostatic interfaces: sharp potential steps and sharp potential barriers. We find both interfaces to be perfectly transparent for normal incidence for the full range of the parameter α for both interfaces. For other angles of incidence, we find that transmission is enhanced with increasing α . For the dice lattice, we find perfect, all-angle transmission across a potential step for incoming electrons with energy equal to half of the height of the potential step. This is analogous to the "super", all-angle transmission reported for the dice lattice for Klein tunneling across a potential barrier.

The evolution of Brown-York quasilocal energy as due to evolution of Lovelock gravity in a system of M0-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sepehri, Alireza; Rahaman, Farook; Capozziello, Salvatore; Ali, Ahmed Farag; Pradhan, Anirudh

Recently, it has been suggested in [S. Chakraborty and N. Dadhich, Brown-York quasilocal energy in Lanczos-Lovelock gravity and black hole horizons, J. High Energ. Phys. 12 (2015) 003.] that the Brown-York mechanism can be used to measure the quasilocal energy in Lovelock gravity. We have used this method in a system of M0-branes and show that the Brown-York energy evolves in the process of birth and growth of Lovelock gravity. This can help us to predict phenomenological events which are emerged as due to dynamical structure of Lovelock gravity in our universe. In this model, first, M0-branes join each other and form an M3-brane and an anti-M3-branes connected by an M2-brane. This system is named BIon. Universes and anti-universes live on M3-branes and M2 plays the role of wormhole between them. By passing time, M2 dissolves in M3’s and nonlinear massive gravities like Lovelock massive gravity emerges and grows. By closing M3-branes, BIon evolves and wormhole between branes makes a transition to black hole. During this stage, Brown-York energy increases and shrinks to large values at the colliding points of branes. By approaching M3-branes towards each other, the square energy of their system becomes negative and some tachyonic states are produced. To remove these states, M3-branes compact, the sign of compacted gravity changes, anti-gravity is created which leads to getting away of branes from each other. Also, the Lovelock gravity disappears and its energy forms a new M2 between M3-branes. By getting away of branes from each other, Brown-York energy decreases and shrinks to zero.

The B → πK puzzle and the bulk Randall-Sundrum model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang, Sanghyeon; Kim, C. S.; Song, Jeonghyeon

2011-02-01

The recent measurements of the direct CP asymmetries (ACP) in the penguin-dominated B → Kπ decays show some discrepancy from the standard model (SM) prediction. While ACP of B+ →π0K+ and that of B0 →π-K+ in the naive estimate of the SM are expected to have very similar values, their experimental data are of the opposite sign and different magnitudes. We study the effects of the custodial bulk Randall-Sundrum model on this ACP. In this model, the misalignment of the five-dimensional (5D) Yukawa interactions to the 5D bulk gauge interactions in flavor space leads to tree-level flavor-changing neutral current by the Kaluza-Klein gauge bosons. In a large portion of the parameter space of this model, the observed non-zero ACP (B+ →π0K+) -ACP (B0 →π-K+) can be explained only with low Kaluza-Klein mass scale MKK around 1 TeV. Rather extreme parameters is required to explain it with MKK ≃ 3 TeV. The new contributions to well-measured branching ratios of B → Kπ decays are also shown to be suppressed.

Dualities of deformed N=2 SCFTs from link monodromy on D3-brane states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grassi, Antonella; Halverson, James; Ruehle, Fabian; Shaneson, Julius L.

2017-09-01

We study D3-brane theories that are dually described as deformations of two different N=2 superconformal theories with massless monopoles and dyons. These arise at the self-intersection of a seven-brane in F-theory, which cuts out a link on a small three-sphere surrounding the self-intersection. The spectrum is studied by taking small loops in the three-sphere, yielding a link-induced monodromy action on string junction D3-brane states, and subsequently quotienting by the monodromy. This reduces the differing flavor algebras of the N=2 theories to the same flavor algebra, as required by duality, and projects out charged states, yielding an N=1 superconformal theory on the D3-brane. In one, a deformation of a rank one Argyres-Douglas theory retains its SU(2) flavor symmetry and exhibits a charge neutral flavor triplet that is comprised of electron, dyon, and monopole string junctions. From duality we argue that the monodromy projection should also be imposed away from the conformal point, in which case the D3-brane field theory appears to exhibit confinement of electrons, dyons, and monopoles. We will address the mathematical counterparts in a companion paper.

Annihilation cross section of Kaluza Klien dark matter

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sharma, Rakesh, E-mail: rakesh-sharma-ujn@yahoo.co.in; Upadhyaya, G. K., E-mail: gopalujjain@yahoo.co.in; Sharma, S.

2015-07-31

The question as to how this universe came into being and as to how it has evolved to its present stage, is an old question. The answer to this question unfolds many secrets regarding fundamental particles and forces between them. Theodor Kaluza proposed the concept that the universe is composed of more than four space-time dimensions. In his work, electromagnetism is united with gravity. Various extra dimension formulations have been proposed to solve a variety of problems. Recently, the idea of more than four space time dimensions is applied to the search for particle identity of dark matter (DM). Signaturemore » of dark matter can be revealed by analysis of very high energy electrons which are coming from outer space. We investigate recent advancement in the field of dark matter search with reference to very high energy electrons from outer space [1-8].« less

On the universality of thermodynamics and η/s ratio for the charged Lovelock black branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cadoni, Mariano; Frassino, Antonia M.; Tuveri, Matteo

2016-05-01

We investigate general features of charged Lovelock black branes by giving a detailed description of geometrical, thermodynamic and holographic properties of charged Gauss-Bonnet (GB) black branes in five dimensions. We show that when expressed in terms of effective physical parameters, the thermodynamic behaviour of charged GB black branes is completely indistinguishable from that of charged Einstein black branes. Moreover, the extremal, near-horizon limit of the two classes of branes is exactly the same as they allow for the same AdS2 × R 3, near-horizon, exact solution. This implies that, although in the UV the associated dual QFTs are different, they flow in the IR to the same fixed point. The calculation of the shear viscosity to entropy ratio η/s confirms these results. Despite the GB dual plasma has in general a non-universal temperature-dependent η/s, it flows monotonically to the universal value 1 /4 π in the IR. For negative (positive) GB coupling constant, η/s is an increasing (decreasing) function of the temperature and the flow respects (violates) the KSS bound.

Good and Bad: Love and Intimacy From Plato to Melanie Klein.

PubMed

Stromberg, David

2018-06-01

Melanie Klein's theories on love outline a complex system of relations-an oscillating dynamic of psychical and emotional tendencies following from both actual experience and fantasies produced by the mind. Her insights are often discussed and applied in psychoanalytical contexts, but the philosophical implications of her theory-especially in relation to Platonic thought-have rarely been discussed. In this article, I will attempt to address this gap by setting out some preliminary yet core considerations shared by both Plato and Klein. First, I will describe some structural parallels between Kleinian and Platonic thought, especially in dialectical terms. Second, I will outline Plato's covert influence on Freud as passing through the teachings of philosopher Franz Brentano. And last, I will discuss intimacy as a struggle between the forces of good and bad, creativity and destruction, and love and hate-suggesting that Klein's conception of love emerges as a moral exigency.

Path integral formulation of the Hodge duality on the brane

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hahn, Sang-Ok; Kiem, Youngjai; Kim, Yoonbai

In the warped compactification with a single Randall-Sundrum brane, a puzzling claim has been made that scalar fields can be bound to the brane but their Hodge dual higher-rank antisymmetric tensors cannot. By explicitly requiring the Hodge duality, a prescription to resolve this puzzle was recently proposed by Duff and Liu. In this Brief Report, we implement the Hodge duality via the path integral formulation in the presence of the background gravity fields of warped compactifications. It is shown that the prescription of Duff and Liu can be naturally understood within this framework.

Freud and Klein on the concept of phantasy.

PubMed

Spillius, E B

2001-04-01

In summary, I think Freud's idea is that the prime mover of psychic life is the unconscious wish, not phantasy. The 'work' of making phantasies and the 'work' of making dreams are parallel processes in which forbidden unconscious wishes achieve disguised expression and partial fulfilment. For Freud himself, especially in his central usage, and even more for his immediate followers, phantasies are conceived as imagined fulfilments of frustrated wishes. Whether they originate in the system conscious or the system preconscious, they are an activity of the ego and are formed according to the principles of the secondary process. That is not the whole story, however, because phantasies may get repressed into the system unconscious, where they become associated with the instinctual wishes, become subject to the laws of the primary process, and may find their way into dreams and many other derivatives. For Freud and for French psychoanalysts particularly, there are the primal phantasies, 'unconscious all along', of the primal scene, castration and seduction, also capable of being directly incorporated into dreams and expressed through other derivatives. For Klein phantasy is an even more central concept than for Freud and it has continued to be used by her successors with only minor changes. In Klein's thinking unconscious phantasies play the part that Freud assigned to the unconscious wish. They underlie dreams rather than being parallel to them--a much more inclusive definition of phantasy than Freud's. The earliest and most deeply unconscious phantasies are bodily, and only gradually, with maturation and developing experience through introjection and projection do some of them come to take a verbal form. Freud's central usage, the wish-fulfilling definition of phantasy, is a particular type of phantasy within Klein's more inclusive definition. And, as in Freud's formulation, conscious phantasies may be repressed, but in Klein's formulation this is not the only or even

Brane inflation and cosmic string tension in superstring theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Firouzjahi, Hassan; Tye, S.-H. Henry

2005-03-01

In a simple reanalysis of the KKLMMT scenario, we argue that the slow roll condition in the D3-overline {D}3 -brane inflationary scenario in superstring theory requires no more than a moderate tuning. The cosmic string tension is very sensitive to the conformal coupling: with less fine-tuning, the cosmic string tension (as well as the ratio of tensor to scalar perturbation mode) increases rapidly and can easily saturate the present observational bound. In a multi-throat brane inflationary scenario, this feature substantially improves the chance of detecting and measuring the properties of the cosmic strings as a window to the superstring theory and our pre-inflationary universe.

Casimir energies and special dimensions in a toy model for branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cohen, Isaac

1988-12-01

We consider a generalization to branes of the old action for the strings without reparamentrization invariance. These actions admit natural supplementary mass-shell conditions. By regularizing the Casimir energies we calculate the special dimensions at which these toy branes show vector massless states in its spectrum. They all turn out to be non-integers. On sabbatical leave from Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Apartado Postal 66961, Caracas 1061A, Venezuela.

Cosmological rotating black holes in five-dimensional fake supergravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nozawa, Masato; Maeda, Kei-ichi; Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Okubo 3-4-1, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555

2011-01-15

In recent series of papers, we found an arbitrary dimensional, time-evolving, and spatially inhomogeneous solution in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity with particular couplings. Similar to the supersymmetric case, the solution can be arbitrarily superposed in spite of nontrivial time-dependence, since the metric is specified by a set of harmonic functions. When each harmonic has a single point source at the center, the solution describes a spherically symmetric black hole with regular Killing horizons and the spacetime approaches asymptotically to the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmology. We discuss in this paper that in 5 dimensions, this equilibrium condition traces back to the first-order 'Killing spinor'more » equation in 'fake supergravity' coupled to arbitrary U(1) gauge fields and scalars. We present a five-dimensional, asymptotically FLRW, rotating black-hole solution admitting a nontrivial 'Killing spinor', which is a spinning generalization of our previous solution. We argue that the solution admits nondegenerate and rotating Killing horizons in contrast with the supersymmetric solutions. It is shown that the present pseudo-supersymmetric solution admits closed timelike curves around the central singularities. When only one harmonic is time-dependent, the solution oxidizes to 11 dimensions and realizes the dynamically intersecting M2/M2/M2-branes in a rotating Kasner universe. The Kaluza-Klein-type black holes are also discussed.« less

Lepton-flavor universality violation in R K and {R}_{D{_{(\\ast )}}} from warped space

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Megías, Eugenio; Quirós, Mariano; Salas, Lindber

2017-07-01

Some anomalies in the processes b → sℓℓ ( ℓ = μ, e) and b\\to cℓ {\\overline{ν}}_{ℓ } ( ℓ = τ, μ, e), in particular in the observables R K and {R}_{D{_{(\\ast )}}} , have been found by the BaBar, LHCb and Belle collaborations, leading to a possible lepton flavor universality violation. If these anomalies were confirmed they would inevitably lead to physics beyond the Standard Model. In this paper we try to accommodate the present anomalies in an extra dimensional theory, solving the naturalness problem of the Standard Model by means of a warped metric with a strong conformality violation near the infra-red brane. The R K anomaly can be accommodated provided that the left-handed bottom quark and muon lepton have some degree of compositeness in the dual theory. The theory is consistent with all electroweak and flavor observables, and with all direct searches of Kaluza-Klein electroweak gauge bosons and gluons. The fermion spectrum, and fermion mixing angles, can be reproduced by mostly elementary right-handed bottom quarks, and tau and muon leptons. Moreover the {R}_{D{_{(\\ast )}}} anomaly requires a strong degree of compositeness for the left-handed tau leptons, which turns out to be in tension with experimental data on the {g}_{τ_L}^Z coupling, possibly unless some degree of fine-tuning is introduced in the fixing of the CKM matrix.

Phases of QCD3 from non-SUSY Seiberg duality and brane dynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Armoni, Adi; Niarchos, Vasilis

2018-05-01

We consider a nonsupersymmetric USp Yang-Mills Chern-Simons gauge theory coupled to fundamental flavors. The theory is realised in type-IIB string theory via an embedding in a Hanany-Witten brane configuration which includes an orientifold and antibranes. We argue that the theory admits a magnetic Seiberg dual. Using the magnetic dual we identify dynamics in field theory and brane physics that correspond to various phases, obtaining a better understanding of three-dimensional bosonization and dynamical breaking of flavor symmetry in USp QCD3 theory. In field theory both phases correspond to magnetic "squark" condensation. In string theory, they correspond to open string tachyon condensation and brane reconnection. We also discuss other phases where the magnetic `squark' is massive. Finally, we briefly comment on the case of unitary gauge groups.

Lifshitz black branes and DC transport coefficients in massive Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuang, Xiao-Mei; Papantonopoulos, Eleftherios; Wu, Jian-Pin; Zhou, Zhenhua

2018-03-01

We construct analytical Lifshitz massive black brane solutions in massive Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity theory. We also study the thermodynamics of these black brane solutions and obtain the thermodynamical stability conditions. On the dual nonrelativistic boundary field theory with Lifshitz symmetry, we analytically compute the DC transport coefficients, including the electric conductivity, thermoelectric conductivity, and thermal conductivity. The novel property of our model is that the massive term supports the Lifshitz black brane solutions with z ≠1 in such a way that the DC transport coefficients in the dual field theory are finite. We also find that the Wiedemann-Franz law in this dual boundary field theory is violated, which indicates that it may involve strong interactions.

Multiresonance modes in sine–Gordon brane models

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cruz, W.T., E-mail: wilamicruz@gmail.com; Maluf, R.V., E-mail: r.v.maluf@fisica.ufc.br; Dantas, D.M., E-mail: davi@fisica.ufc.br

2016-12-15

In this work, we study the localization of the vector gauge field in two five-dimensional braneworlds generated by scalar fields coupled to gravity. The sine–Gordon like potentials are employed to produce different thick brane setups. A zero mode localized is obtained, and we show the existence of reverberations with the wave solutions indicating a quasi-localized massive mode. More interesting results are achieved when we propose a double sine–Gordon potential to the scalar field. The resulting thick brane shows a more detailed topology with the presence of an internal structure composed by two kinks. The massive spectrum of the gauge fieldmore » is revalued on this scenario revealing the existence of various resonant modes. Furthermore, we compute the corrections to Coulomb law coming from these massive KK vector modes in these thick scenarios, which is concluded that the dilaton parameter regulates these corrections.« less

Fine-tuning with brane-localized flux in 6D supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Niedermann, Florian; Schneider, Robert

2016-02-01

There are claims in the literature that the cosmological constant problem could be solved in a braneworld model with two large (micron-sized) supersymmetric extra dimensions. The mechanism relies on two basic ingredients: first, the cosmological constant only curves the compact bulk geometry into a rugby shape while the 4D curvature stays flat. Second, a brane-localized flux term is introduced in order to circumvent Weinberg's fine-tuning argument, which otherwise enters here through a backdoor via the flux quantization condition. In this paper, we show that the latter mechanism does not work in the way it was designed: the only localized flux coupling that guarantees a flat on-brane geometry is one which preserves the scale invariance of the bulk theory. Consequently, Weinberg's argument applies, making a fine-tuning necessary again. The only remaining window of opportunity lies within scale invariance breaking brane couplings, for which the tuning could be avoided. Whether the corresponding 4D curvature could be kept under control and in agreement with the observed value will be answered in our companion paper [1].

Klein-Gordon oscillator with position-dependent mass in the rotating cosmic string spacetime

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Bing-Qian; Long, Zheng-Wen; Long, Chao-Yun; Wu, Shu-Rui

2018-02-01

A spinless particle coupled covariantly to a uniform magnetic field parallel to the string in the background of the rotating cosmic string is studied. The energy levels of the electrically charged particle subject to the Klein-Gordon oscillator are analyzed. Afterwards, we consider the case of the position-dependent mass and show how these energy levels depend on the parameters in the problem. Remarkably, it shows that for the special case, the Klein-Gordon oscillator coupled covariantly to a homogeneous magnetic field with the position-dependent mass in the rotating cosmic string background has the similar behaviors to the Klein-Gordon equation with a Coulomb-type configuration in a rotating cosmic string background in the presence of an external magnetic field.

Codimension-2 Brane Black Holes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zamorano, Nelson; Arias, Cesar; Ordenes, Ariel; Guzman, Francisco

2012-03-01

We analyze the geometry associated to a six dimensional solution of the Einstein's equations. It describes a Schwarzschild de-Sitter black hole on a 3-brane, surrounded by a two dimensional compact bulk. A four dimensional effective cosmological constant and a Planck mass are matched to their six dimensional counterpart. Deviation from Newton's law are computed in both of the solutions found. To learn about the geometry of the bulk, we study the geodesics in this sector. At least, in our opinion, there are some features of these solutions that makes worth to pursue this analysis. The singularity associated to the warped bulk is controlled by the mass M of the black hole. It vanishes if we set M=0. In the same context, it makes an interesting problem to study the Gregory-Laflamme instability in this context [1]. Another feature is the rugby ball type of geometry exhibited by these solutions [2]. They end up in two conical singularities at its respective poles. The branes are located precisely at the poles. Besides, a Wick's rotation generates a connection between different solutions. [4pt] [1] R. Gregory and R. Laflamme, Phys. Rev Lett., 70,2837 (1993)[0pt] [2] S. M. Carroll and M. M. Guica, arXiv:hep-th/0302067

Klein-Weyl's program and the ontology of gauge and quantum systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Catren, Gabriel

2018-02-01

We distinguish two orientations in Weyl's analysis of the fundamental role played by the notion of symmetry in physics, namely an orientation inspired by Klein's Erlangen program and a phenomenological-transcendental orientation. By privileging the former to the detriment of the latter, we sketch a group(oid)-theoretical program-that we call the Klein-Weyl program-for the interpretation of both gauge theories and quantum mechanics in a single conceptual framework. This program is based on Weyl's notion of a "structure-endowed entity" equipped with a "group of automorphisms". First, we analyze what Weyl calls the "problem of relativity" in the frameworks provided by special relativity, general relativity, and Yang-Mills theories. We argue that both general relativity and Yang-Mills theories can be understood in terms of a localization of Klein's Erlangen program: while the latter describes the group-theoretical automorphisms of a single structure (such as homogenous geometries), local gauge symmetries and the corresponding gauge fields (Ehresmann connections) can be naturally understood in terms of the groupoid-theoretical isomorphisms in a family of identical structures. Second, we argue that quantum mechanics can be understood in terms of a linearization of Klein's Erlangen program. This stance leads us to an interpretation of the fact that quantum numbers are "indices characterizing representations of groups" ((Weyl, 1931a), p.xxi) in terms of a correspondence between the ontological categories of identity and determinateness.

Strings, boundary fermions and coincident D-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wulff, Linus

2007-01-01

This thesis describes an attempt to write down covariant actions for coincident D-branes using so-called boundary fermions instead of matrices to describe the non-abelian fields. These fermions can be thought of as Chan-Paton degrees of freedom for the open string. It is shown that by gauge-fixing and by suitably quantizing these boundary fermions the non-abelian action that is known, the Myers action, can be reproduced. Furthermore it is shown that under natural assumptions, unlike the Myers action, the action formulated using boundary fermions also posseses kappa-symmetry when formulated on superspace. Another aspect of string theory discussed in this thesis is that of tensionless strings. These are of great interest for example because of their possible relation to higher spin gauge theories via the AdS/CFT-correspondence. The tensionless superstring in a plane wave background, a Penrose limit of the near-horizon geometry of a stack of D3-branes, is considered and compared to the tensile case.

Inflaton and metric fluctuations in the early universe from a 5D vacuum state

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Membiela, Agustin; Bellini, Mauricio

2006-04-01

In this Letter we complete a previously introduced formalism to study the gauge-invariant metric fluctuations from a noncompact Kaluza Klein theory of gravity, to study the evolution of the early universe. The evolution of both, metric and inflaton field fluctuations are reciprocally related. We obtain that <δρ>/ρ depends on the coupling of Φ with δφ and the spectral index of its spectrum is 0.9483

Towards realistic string vacua from branes at singularities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Conlon, Joseph P.; Maharana, Anshuman; Quevedo, Fernando

2009-05-01

We report on progress towards constructing string models incorporating both realistic D-brane matter content and moduli stabilisation with dynamical low-scale supersymmetry breaking. The general framework is that of local D-brane models embedded into the LARGE volume approach to moduli stabilisation. We review quiver theories on del Pezzo n (dPn) singularities including both D3 and D7 branes. We provide supersymmetric examples with three quark/lepton families and the gauge symmetries of the Standard, Left-Right Symmetric, Pati-Salam and Trinification models, without unwanted chiral exotics. We describe how the singularity structure leads to family symmetries governing the Yukawa couplings which may give mass hierarchies among the different generations. We outline how these models can be embedded into compact Calabi-Yau compactifications with LARGE volume moduli stabilisation, and state the minimal conditions for this to be possible. We study the general structure of soft supersymmetry breaking. At the singularity all leading order contributions to the soft terms (both gravity- and anomaly-mediation) vanish. We enumerate subleading contributions and estimate their magnitude. We also describe model-independent physical implications of this scenario. These include the masses of anomalous and non-anomalous U(1)'s and the generic existence of a new hyperweak force under which leptons and/or quarks could be charged. We propose that such a gauge boson could be responsible for the ghost muon anomaly recently found at the Tevatron's CDF detector.

A Deconstruction Lattice Description of the D1/D5 Brane World-Volume Gauge Theory

DOE PAGES

Giedt, Joel

2011-01-01

I genermore » alize the deconstruction lattice formulation of Endres and Kaplan to two-dimensional super-QCD with eight supercharges, denoted by (4,4), and bifundamental matter. I specialize to a particularly interesting (4,4) gauge theory, with gauge group U ( N c ) × U ( N f ) , and U ( N f ) being weakly gauged. It describes the infrared limit of the D1/D5 brane system, which has been studied extensively as an example of the AdS 3 /CFT 2 correspondence. The construction here preserves two supercharges exactly and has a lattice structure quite similar to that which has previously appeared in the deconstruction approach, that is, site, link, and diagonal fields with both the Bose and Fermi statistics. I remark on possible applications of the lattice theory that would test the AdS 3 /CFT 2 correspondence, particularly one that would exploit the recent worldsheet instanton analysis of Chen and Tong.« less

Induced matter brane gravity and Einstein static universe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heydarzade, Y.; Darabi, F., E-mail: heydarzade@azaruniv.edu, E-mail: f.darabi@azaruniv.edu

We investigate stability of the Einstein static universe against the scalar, vector and tensor perturbations in the context of induced matter brane gravity. It is shown that in the framework of this model, the Einstein static universe has a positive spatial curvature. In contrast to the classical general relativity, it is found that a stable Einstein static universe against the scalar perturbations does exist provided that the variation of time dependent geometrical equation of state parameter is proportional to the minus of the variation of the scale factor, δ ω{sub g}(t) = −Cδ a(t). We obtain neutral stability against the vector perturbations, and themore » stability against the tensor perturbations is guaranteed due to the positivity of the spatial curvature of the Einstein static universe in induced matter brane gravity.« less

Entanglement branes in a two-dimensional string theory

DOE PAGES

Donnelly, William; Wong, Gabriel

2017-09-20

What is the meaning of entanglement in a theory of extended objects such as strings? To address this question we consider the spatial entanglement between two intervals in the Gross-Taylor model, the string theory dual to two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory at large N. The string diagrams that contribute to the entanglement entropy describe open strings with endpoints anchored to the entangling surface, as first argued by Susskind. We develop a canonical theory of these open strings, and describe how closed strings are divided into open strings at the level of the Hilbert space. Here, we derive the modular Hamiltonian for themore » Hartle-Hawking state and show that the corresponding reduced density matrix describes a thermal ensemble of open strings ending on an object at the entangling surface that we call an entanglement brane, or E-brane.« less

Rotating a curvaton brane in a warped throat

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang, Jun; Piao, Yun-Song; Cai, Yi-Fu, E-mail: zhangjun408@mails.gucas.ac.cn, E-mail: caiyf@ihep.ac.cn, E-mail: yspiao@gucas.ac.cn

2010-05-01

In this paper we study a curvaton model obtained by considering a probe anti-D3-brane with angular motion at the bottom of a KS throat with approximate isometries. We calculate the spectrum of curvature perturbations and the non-Gaussianities of this model. Specifically, we consider the limit of relativistic rotation of the curvaton brane which leads to a small sound speed, and thus it can be viewed as an implementation of the DBI-curvaton mechanism. We find that the primordial power spectrum is nearly scale-invariant while the non-Gaussianity of local type is sizable and that of equilateral type is usually large and negative.more » Moreover, we study both the theoretical and observational constraints on this model, and find that there exists a sizable allowed region for the phase space of this model.« less

Isolated Minkowski vacua, and stability analysis for an extended brane in the rugby ball

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Himmetoǧlu, Burak; Peloso, Marco

2007-06-01

We study a recently proposed model, where a codimension one brane is wrapped around the axis of symmetry of an internal two-dimensional space compactified by a flux. This construction is free from the problems which plague delta-like, codimension two branes, where only tension can be present. In contrast, arbitrary fields can be localized on this extended brane, and their gravitational interaction is standard 4d gravity at large distances. In the first part of this work, we study the de Sitter (dS) vacua of the model. The landscape of these vacua is characterized by discrete points labeled by two integer numbers, related to the flux responsible for the compactification and to the current of a brane field. A Minkowski external space emerges only for a special ratio between these two integers, and it is therefore (topologically) isolated from the nearby dS solutions. In the second part, we show that the Minkowski vacua are stable under the most generic axially-symmetric perturbations, and we argue that this is sufficient to ensure the overall stability.

Fermion localization and resonances on a de Sitter thick brane

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu Yuxiao; Yang Jie; Zhao Zhenhua

2009-09-15

In C. A. S. Almeida, R. Casana, M. M. Ferreira, Jr., and A. R. Gomes, Phys. Rev. D 79, 125022 (2009), the simplest Yukawa coupling {eta}{psi}{phi}{chi}{psi} was considered for a two-scalar-generated Bloch brane model. Fermionic resonances for both chiralities were obtained, and their appearance is related to branes with internal structure. Inspired on this result, we investigate the localization and resonance spectrum of fermions on a one-scalar-generated de Sitter thick brane with a class of scalar-fermion couplings {eta}{psi}{phi}{sup k}{psi} with positive odd integer k. A set of massive fermionic resonances for both chiralities is obtained when provided large coupling constantmore » {eta}. We find that the masses and lifetimes of left and right chiral resonances are almost the same, which demonstrates that it is possible to compose massive Dirac fermions from the left and right chiral resonances. The resonance with lower mass has longer lifetime. For a same set of parameters, the number of resonances increases with k and the lifetime of the lower level resonance for larger k is much longer than the one for smaller k.« less

Some technical implications of Klein's concept of 'premature ego development'.

PubMed

Mitrani, Judith L

2007-08-01

In this paper, the author revisits the problem of 'premature ego development' first introduced by Melanie Klein in 1930. She also highlights several developments in post-Kleinian thinking since the publication of that paper, which can be seen as offshoots of or complements to Klein's work. The author proposes a link between this category of precocious development and the absence of the experience of what Bion termed the 'containing object.' She puts forward several technical considerations relevant to analytic work with patients who suffer as a result of early developmental failures and presents various clinical vignettes in order to demonstrate the ways in which these considerations take shape in the analytic setting.

The Framing of Calvin Klein: A Frame Analysis of Media Discourse about the August 1995 Calvin Klein Jeans Advertising Campaign.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tucker, Lauren R.

1998-01-01

Deconstructs the "kiddie porn" media frame used by the industry and mainstream media to characterize Klein's ad campaign. Extends scholarship on the construction of youth in the media, showing how the kiddie-porn frame produces and reproduces common-sense beliefs about the nature of youth. Suggests a metadiscourse encompassing the…

Curiosity Rover Self Portrait at John Klein Drilling Site

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-02-07

The rover is positioned at a patch of flat outcrop called John Klein, which was selected as the site for the first rock-drilling activities by NASA Curiosity. This self-portrait was acquired to document the drilling site.

Fully covariant cosmology and its astrophysical implications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wesson, Paul S.; Liu, Hongya

1995-01-01

We present a cosmological model with good physical properties which is invariant not only under changes of the space and time coordinates but also under changes of an extra (Kaluza-Klein) coordinate related to rest mass. In frames where the latter is chosen to be constant we recover standard cosmology. In frames where it is chosen to be variable we obtain new astrophysical effects and gain insight into the nature of the big bang.

Familial recurrent hypersomnia: two siblings with Kleine-Levin syndrome and menstrual-related hypersomnia.

PubMed

Rocamora, Rodrigo; Gil-Nagel, Antonio; Franch, Oriol; Vela-Bueno, Antonio

2010-11-01

Kleine-Levin syndrome and menstrual-related hypersomnia are rare idiopathic sleep disorders occurring primarily in adolescence. They are characterized by intermittent periods of excessive sleepiness, cognitive disturbances, and behavioral abnormalities. In both, the etiology remains unknown but autoinmune, hormonal, infectious, and inflammatory mechanisms have been proposed. The authors describe, for the first time, the association of Kleine-Levin syndrome and menstrual-related hypersomnia in 2 adolescent siblings who shared the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci DQB1*0501. The same haplotype has been associated with sleepwalking and with rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder. This gender differences in the manifestation of a probably genetic influenced sleep disorder suggests that hormonal mechanisms could be implicated in the phenotypical expression of this sleep disorder. The male sibling with Kleine-Levin syndrome was easily controlled with carbamazepine in low doses, but his sister could be only efficaciously treated with oral contraceptives.

Hamiltonian analysis of non-relativistic non-BPS Dp-brane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klusoň, J.

2017-07-01

We perform Hamiltonian analysis of non-relativistic non-BPS Dp-brane. We find the constraint structure of this theory and determine corresponding equations of motion. We further discuss property of this theory at the tachyon vacuum.

Supersymmetric M3-branes and G2 manifolds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cvetič, M.; Gibbons, G. W.; Lü, H.; Pope, C. N.

2002-01-01

We obtain a generalisation of the original complete Ricci-flat metric of G2 holonomy on R4×S 3 to a family with a nontrivial parameter λ. For generic λ the solution is singular, but it is regular when λ={-1,0,+1}. The case λ=0 corresponds to the original G2 metric, and λ={-1,1} are related to this by an S3 automorphism of the SU(2) 3 isometry group that acts on the S3× S3 principal orbits. We then construct explicit supersymmetric M3-brane solutions in D=11 supergravity, where the transverse space is a deformation of this class of G2 metrics. These are solutions of a system of first-order differential equations coming from a superpotential. We also find M3-branes in the deformed backgrounds of new G2 holonomy metrics that include one found by A. Brandhuber, J. Gomis, S. Gubser and S. Gukov, and show that they also are supersymmetric.

Unconscious phantasy as a structural principle and organizer of mental life: The evolution of a concept from Freud to Klein and some of her successors.

PubMed

Weiss, Heinz

2017-06-01

Starting with Freud's discovery of unconscious phantasy as a means of accessing his patients' internal world, the author discusses the evolution of the concept in the work of Melanie Klein and some of her successors. Whereas Freud sees phantasy as a wish fulfilling imagination, dominated by primary process functioning and kept apart from reality testing, Klein understands phantasies as a structural function and organizer of mental life. From their very beginnings they involve object relations and gradually evolve from primitive body-near experiences to images and symbolic representations. With her concept of projective identification in particular, Klein anticipates the communicative function of unconscious phantasies. They are at the basis of processes of symbolization, but may also be put into the service of complex defensive operations. The author traces the further evolution of the concept from the contributions of S. Isaacs, the theories of thinking proposed by W.R. Bion and R. Money-Kyrle, Hanna Segal's ideas on symbolization and reparation all the way to the latest approaches by R. Britton, J. Steiner and others, including the understanding of transference and counter-transference as a 'total situation'. Points of contact with Freud are to be found particularly in connection with his concept of 'primal phantasies'. In the author's view, the idea of the transmission and communicative potential of unconscious phantasies enabled these authors to overcome the solipsistic origins of drive theory in favour of a notion in which unconscious phantasies both set down the coordinates of the inner world and form and reflect the matrix of inter-subjective relations. Copyright © 2017 Institute of Psychoanalysis.

Nonminimal kinetic coupled gravity: Inflation on the warped DGP brane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Darabi, F.; Parsiya, A.; Atazadeh, K.

2016-03-01

We consider the nonminimally kinetic coupled version of DGP brane model, where the kinetic term of the scalar field is coupled to the metric and Einstein tensor on the brane by a coupling constant ζ. We obtain the corresponding field equations, using the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric and the perfect fluid, and study the inflationary scenario to confront the numerical analysis of six typical scalar field potentials with the current observational results. We find that among the suggested potentials and coupling constants, subject to the e-folding N = 60, the potentials V (ϕ) = σϕ, V (ϕ) = σϕ2 and V (ϕ) = σϕ3 provide the best fits with both Planck+WP+highL data and Planck+WP+highL+BICEP2 data.

Toward a proof of Montonen-Olive duality via multiple M2-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hashimoto, Koji; Tai, Ta-Sheng; Terashima, Seiji

2009-04-01

We derive 4-dimensional Script N = 4 U(N) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory from a 3-dimensional Chern-Simons-matter theory with product gauge group (U(N))2n. The latter describes M2-branes probing an orbifold where a torus emerges in a scaling limit. It is expected that the SL(2,Z) duality of the 4-dimensional Yang-Mills theory will be shown in M-theory point of view since it is trivially realized as modular transformations of the torus. Indeed, starting from one single Chern-Simons-matter theory, we find infinitely many equivalent 4-dimensional theories differing up to T-transformation of the SL(2,Z) redefinition of the gauge coupling τ = θ/2π + 4πi/g2 and a parity transformation in 4 dimensions. Although S-transformation can not be shown in our work, it is important that a part of the SL(2,Z) transformation is realized via the M2-brane action. Thus we think our work can be a step toward a proof of Montonen-Olive duality via M2-branes.

Some developments from the work of Melanie Klein.

PubMed

Spillius, E B

1983-01-01

This paper discusses four areas of work in which several followers of Melanie Klein in Britain have developed some of the discoveries and ideas she initiated. First, extension of her concept of projective identification is briefly described, with emphasis on Bion's and Rosenfeld's stress on its communicative as well as its pathological aspects. Second, the extension of Klein's ideas about the epistemophilic instinct, on symbolism, and about projective identification is described in the work of Segal, Bion, Money-Kyrle, and Bick on the development of the capacity to think. Third, certain developments in Kleinian technique are described, with emphasis on the use of the concept of projective identification in analysing transference, and on the analysis of acting out in the transference, a trend contributed to by many Kleinian analysts but perhaps most closely associated with Betty Joseph. Finally, continued refinements in the analysis of the death instinct are briefly described, together with discussion of the changes these refinements have led to in ideas about the organization and relations of parts of the self and internal objects.

Hydrogen-like spectrum of spontaneously created brane universes with de-Sitter ground state

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davidson, Aharon

2018-05-01

Unification of Randall-Sundrum and Regge-Teitelboim brane cosmologies gives birth to a serendipitous Higgs-deSitter interplay. A localized Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati scalar field, governed by a particular (analytically derived) double-well quartic potential, becomes a mandatory ingredient for supporting a deSitter brane universe. When upgraded to a general Higgs potential, the brane surface tension gets quantized, resembling a Hydrogen atom spectrum, with deSitter universe serving as the ground state. This reflects the local/global structure of the Euclidean manifold: From finite energy density no-boundary initial conditions, via a novel acceleration divide filter, to exact matching conditions at the exclusive nucleation point. Imaginary time periodicity comes as a bonus, with the associated Hawking temperature vanishing at the continuum limit. Upon spontaneous creation, while a finite number of levels describe universes dominated by a residual dark energy combined with damped matter oscillations, an infinite tower of excited levels undergo a Big Crunch.

Laplace-Beltrami operator and exact solutions for branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zheltukhin, A. A.

2013-02-01

Proposed is a new approach to finding exact solutions of nonlinear p-brane equations in D-dimensional Minkowski space based on the use of various initial value constraints. It is shown that the constraints Δx→=0 and Δx→=-Λ(t,σr)x→ give two sets of exact solutions.

Distinct signals of the gauge-Higgs unification in e+e- collider experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Funatsu, Shuichiro; Hatanaka, Hisaki; Hosotani, Yutaka; Orikasa, Yuta

2017-12-01

Effects of Kaluza-Klein excited neutral vector bosons (Z‧ bosons) in the gauge-Higgs unification on e+e- → q bar q ,ℓ+ℓ- cross sections are studied, particularly in future e+e- collider experiments with polarized beams. Significant deviations in the energy and polarization dependence in σ (μ+μ-), the lepton forward-backward asymmetry, Rb (μ) ≡ σ (b bar b) / σ (μ+μ-) and the left-right asymmetry from the standard model are predicted.

Vacuum instability in Kaluza–Klein manifolds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fucci, Guglielmo

2018-05-01

The purpose of this work in to analyze particle creation in spaces with extra dimensions. We consider, in particular, a massive scalar field propagating in a Kaluza–Klein manifold subject to a constant electric field. We compute the rate of particle creation from vacuum by using techniques rooted in the spectral zeta function formalism. The results we obtain show explicitly how the presence of the extra-dimensions and their specific geometric characteristics, influence the rate at which pairs of particles and anti-particles are generated.

Supersymmetric attractors, topological strings, and the M5-brane CFT

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guica, Monica M.

One of the purposes of this thesis is to present the consistent and unifying picture that emerges in string and M-theory with eight supercharges. On one hand, this involves classifying and relating supersymmetric objects that occur in N = 2 compactifications of string and M-theory on a Calabi-Yau manifold. These come in a surprisingly wide variety of four and five-dimensional black holes, black rings and their sometimes very complicated bound states. On the other hand, the topological string also makes its appearance in theories with eight supercharges, and turns out to compute certain black hole degeneracies. We dedicate the introduction and the first chapter to summarizing and reviewing the beautiful relationships between black holes, black rings, their dual conformal field theory and the topological string, and we also outline the remaining puzzles and issues. Some of the black holes in question can be obtained by multiply-wrapping an M-theory M5-brane on a self-intersecting four-cycle in the Calabi-Yau manifold. Their dual microscopic description is known, and consists of a two-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT) which is the low-energy limit of the gauge theory that resides on the worldvolume of the M5 brane. We show that in a certain limit the M5-brane CFT is - perhaps surprisingly - able to reproduce the entropy of a completely different type of black holes, those obtained from wrapped M2-branes, whose microscopic description has not yet been understood. We also argue that certain black hole bound states should also be described by the same CFT, which suggests a unifying description of the various black objects in eight-supercharge supergravity theories. Finally, we describe and present a proof of the so-called OSV conjecture, which states that the mixed partition function of N = 2 four-dimensional BPS black holes equals the modulus square of the type A topological string partition function. We also attempt to use this relationship to better understand

Interaction of the branes in the presence of the background fields: The dynamical, nonintersecting, perpendicular, wrapped-fractional configuration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maghsoodi, Elham; Kamani, Davoud

2017-05-01

We shall obtain the interaction of the Dp1- and Dp2-branes in the toroidal-orbifold space-time Tn × ℝ1,d-n-5 × ℂ2/ℤ 2. The configuration of the branes is nonintersecting, perpendicular, moving-rotating, wrapped-fractional with background fields. For this, we calculate the bosonic boundary state corresponding to a dynamical fractional-wrapped Dp-brane in the presence of the Kalb-Ramond field, a U1 gauge potential and an open string tachyon field. The long-range behavior of the interaction amplitude will be extracted.

p-brane actions and higher Roytenberg brackets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jurčo, Branislav; Schupp, Peter; Vysoký, Jan

2013-02-01

Motivated by the quest to understand the analog of non-geometric flux compactification in the context of M-theory, we study higher dimensional analogs of generalized Poisson sigma models and corresponding dual string and p-brane models. We find that higher generalizations of the algebraic structures due to Dorfman, Roytenberg and Courant play an important role and establish their relation to Nambu-Poisson structures.

Ladder operators for the Klein-Gordon equation with a scalar curvature term

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mück, Wolfgang

2018-01-01

Recently, Cardoso, Houri and Kimura constructed generalized ladder operators for massive Klein-Gordon scalar fields in space-times with conformal symmetry. Their construction requires a closed conformal Killing vector, which is also an eigenvector of the Ricci tensor. Here, a similar procedure is used to construct generalized ladder operators for the Klein-Gordon equation with a scalar curvature term. It is proven that a ladder operator requires the existence of a conformal Killing vector, which must satisfy an additional property. This property is necessary and sufficient for the construction of a ladder operator. For maximally symmetric space-times, the results are equivalent to those of Cardoso, Houri and Kimura.

Perturbed Coulomb Potentials in the Klein-Gordon Equation: Quasi-Exact Solution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baradaran, M.; Panahi, H.

2018-05-01

Using the Lie algebraic approach, we present the quasi-exact solutions of the relativistic Klein-Gordon equation for perturbed Coulomb potentials namely the Cornell potential, the Kratzer potential and the Killingbeck potential. We calculate the general exact expressions for the energies, corresponding wave functions and the allowed values of the parameters of the potential within the representation space of sl(2) Lie algebra. In addition, we show that the considered equations can be transformed into the Heun's differential equations and then we reproduce the results using the associated special functions. Also, we study the special case of the Coulomb potential and show that in the non-relativistic limit, the solution of the Klein-Gordon equation converges to that of Schrödinger equation.

Exploring Klein Bottles through Pottery: A STEAM Investigation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Christopher E.; Paré, Jana N.

2016-01-01

While one author was reading "The Simpsons and Their Mathematical Secrets by Simon Singh" (2013) in preparation for a presentation, the second author asked what in the book would be interesting to discuss. The topic of Klein bottles was on the first author's mind at that moment, so he tried to describe and explain the form to her--a real…

Patronage in the dispute over child analysis between Melanie Klein and Anna Freud--1927-1932.

PubMed

Aguayo, J

2000-08-01

The author investigates the role of patrons and advocates for Melanie Klein's clinical ideas at the British Psycho-Analytical Society against the backdrop of her theoretical and technical differences with Anna Freud from 1927 to 1932. He also outlines the development of Klein and Anna Freud's theories and techniques within the nascent discipline of child psychoanalysis. The London and Viennese patrons/advocates contributed to polarising what initially were clinical differences about how to analyse pre-latency and latency-age children and which technical processes might best facilitate successful treatment. While the author speculates that a diversity of motivations and agendas may have driven the London group's support for Klein--personal and politicised enthusiasm (Jones), genuine conviction (Riviere) and attempts at theoretical rapprochement between the London and Vienna schools (Glover)--he also argues that Freud's diagnosis with cancer in 1923 and suspicion of patricidal son-successors necessitated the choice of a female successor with unquestioning loyalty to his doctrines. From 1932, when Klein's clinical authority was established, her first group of English supporters began to splinter, as she went on to become a training analyst, mentor and patron in her own right to a succeeding generation of adherents who defended her views during the Controversial Discussions.

EFT for vortices with dilaton-dependent localized flux

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Burgess, C. P.; Diener, Ross; Williams, M.

2015-11-01

We study how codimension-two objects like vortices back-react gravitationally with their environment in theories (such as 4D or higher-dimensional supergravity) where the bulk is described by a dilaton-Maxwell-Einstein system. We do so both in the full theory, for which the vortex is an explicit classical `fat brane' solution, and in the effective theory of `point branes' appropriate when the vortices are much smaller than the scales of interest for their back-reaction (such as the transverse Kaluza-Klein scale). We extend the standard Nambu-Goto description to include the physics of flux-localization wherein the ambient flux of the external Maxwell field becomes partially localized to the vortex, generalizing the results of a companion paper [4] from N=2 supergravity as the end-point of a hierarchical limit in which the Planck mass first and then the supersymmetry breaking scale are sent to infinity. We define, in the parent supergravity model, a new symplectic frame in which, in the rigid limit, manifest symplectic invariance is preserved and the electric and magnetic Fayet-Iliopoulos terms are fully originated from the dyonic components of the embedding tensor. The supergravity origin of several features of the resulting rigid supersymmetric theory are then elucidated, such as the presence of a traceless SU(2)- Lie algebra term in the Ward identity and the existence of a central charge in the supersymmetry algebra which manifests itself as a harmless gauge transformation on the gauge vectors of the rigid theory; we show that this effect can be interpreted as a kind of "superspace non-locality" which does not affect the rigid theory on space-time. To set the stage of our analysis we take the opportunity in this paper to provide and prove the relevant identities of the most general dyonic gauging of Special-Kaehler and Quaternionic-Kaehler isometries in a generic N=2 model, which include the supersymmetry Ward identity, in a fully symplectic-covariant formalism.

Dynamically SUSY breaking SQCD on F-theory seven-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buchbinder, Evgeny I.

2008-09-01

We study how dynamically breaking SQCD can be obtained on two intersecting seven-branes in F-theory. In the mechanism which we present in this paper one of the seven-branes is responsible for producing the low-energy gauge group and the other one is for generating vector bundle moduli. The fundamental matter charged under the gauge group is localized on the intersection. The mass of the matter fields is controlled by the vector bundle moduli. The analysis of under what conditions a sufficient number of the fundamental flavors becomes light turns out to be equivalent to the analysis of non-perturbative superpotentials for vector bundle moduli in Heterotic M-theory. We give an example in which we present an explicit equation in the moduli space whose zero locus corresponds to the fundamental fields becoming light. This allows us to provide a local F-theory realization of massive Script N = 1, SU(Nc) SQCD in the free magnetic range which dynamically breaks supersymmetry.

Gravitational field of static p -branes in linearized ghost-free gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boos, Jens; Frolov, Valeri P.; Zelnikov, Andrei

2018-04-01

We study the gravitational field of static p -branes in D -dimensional Minkowski space in the framework of linearized ghost-free (GF) gravity. The concrete models of GF gravity we consider are parametrized by the nonlocal form factors exp (-□/μ2) and exp (□2/μ4) , where μ-1 is the scale of nonlocality. We show that the singular behavior of the gravitational field of p -branes in general relativity is cured by short-range modifications introduced by the nonlocalities, and we derive exact expressions of the regularized gravitational fields, whose geometry can be written as a warped metric. For large distances compared to the scale of nonlocality, μ r →∞ , our solutions approach those found in linearized general relativity.

Signatures of extra dimensions in gravitational waves

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Andriot, David; Gómez, Gustavo Lucena, E-mail: andriotphysics@gmail.com, E-mail: glucenag@aei.mpg.de

2017-06-01

Considering gravitational waves propagating on the most general 4+ N -dimensional space-time, we investigate the effects due to the N extra dimensions on the four-dimensional waves. All wave equations are derived in general and discussed. On Minkowski{sub 4} times an arbitrary Ricci-flat compact manifold, we find: a massless wave with an additional polarization, the breathing mode, and extra waves with high frequencies fixed by Kaluza-Klein masses. We discuss whether these two effects could be observed.

R (D(*)) anomalies in light of a nonminimal universal extra dimension

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Biswas, Aritra; Shaw, Avirup; Patra, Sunando Kumar

2018-02-01

We estimate contributions from Kaluza-Klein excitations of gauge bosons and physical charge scalar for the explanation of the lepton flavor universality violating excess in the ratios R (D ) and R (D*) in 5 dimensional universal extra dimensional scenario with nonvanishing boundary localized terms. This model is conventionally known as nonminimal universal extra dimensional model. We obtain the allowed parameter space in accordance with constraints coming from Bc→τ ν decay, as well as those from the electroweak precision tests.

THE STUDY AND TREATMENT OF MOTHERS AND INFANTS, THEN AND NOW: MELANIE KLEIN'S "NOTES ON BABY" IN A CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOANALYTIC CONTEXT.

PubMed

Aguayo, Joseph; Salomonsson, Björn

2017-04-01

This paper draws on Melanie Klein's (unpublished) observational notes of her infant grandson, written primarily in 1938 and 1939. Apart from moving glimpses into a young family's life, the notes contain astute observations of an infant's behavior and emotions. Compared with Klein's published writings, the style is less theoretical and polemical. Later, in his latency years, Klein's grandson was in analysis with Marion Milner, who in 1952 published a paper drawing on the treatment. The present paper focuses on (1) how observations and treatment of the same child and his family by clinicians in close relationships with each other (Klein, Milner, and Winnicott) fertilized reciprocal influence but also brought into question the validity of Klein's observations, and (2) the relative merits and contributions of various modalities in understanding the infant's psyche, including experimental research, direct observation, parent-infant psychotherapy, and reconstructions from older patients-as occurs, for example, in psychoanalysis. © 2017 The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, Inc.

Geometric entropy and edge modes of the electromagnetic field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Donnelly, William; Wall, Aron C.

2016-11-01

We calculate the vacuum entanglement entropy of Maxwell theory in a class of curved spacetimes by Kaluza-Klein reduction of the theory onto a two-dimensional base manifold. Using two-dimensional duality, we express the geometric entropy of the electromagnetic field as the entropy of a tower of scalar fields, constant electric and magnetic fluxes, and a contact term, whose leading-order divergence was discovered by Kabat. The complete contact term takes the form of one negative scalar degree of freedom confined to the entangling surface. We show that the geometric entropy agrees with a statistical definition of entanglement entropy that includes edge modes: classical solutions determined by their boundary values on the entangling surface. This resolves a long-standing puzzle about the statistical interpretation of the contact term in the entanglement entropy. We discuss the implications of this negative term for black hole thermodynamics and the renormalization of Newton's constant.

Black holes and stars in Horndeski theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Babichev, Eugeny; Charmousis, Christos; Lehébel, Antoine

2016-08-01

We review black hole and star solutions for Horndeski theory. For non-shift symmetric theories, black holes involve a Kaluza-Klein reduction of higher dimensional Lovelock solutions. On the other hand, for shift symmetric theories of Horndeski and beyond Horndeski, black holes involve two classes of solutions: those that include, at the level of the action, a linear coupling to the Gauss-Bonnet term and those that involve time dependence in the galileon field. We analyze the latter class in detail for a specific subclass of Horndeski theory, discussing the general solution of a static and spherically symmetric spacetime. We then discuss stability issues, slowly rotating solutions as well as black holes coupled to matter. The latter case involves a conformally coupled scalar field as well as an electromagnetic field and the (primary) hair black holes thus obtained. We review and discuss the recent results on neutron stars in Horndeski theories.

Generalised Eisenhart lift of the Toda chain

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cariglia, Marco, E-mail: marco@iceb.ufop.br; Gibbons, Gary, E-mail: g.w.gibbons@damtp.cam.ac.uk

The Toda chain of nearest neighbour interacting particles on a line can be described both in terms of geodesic motion on a manifold with one extra dimension, the Eisenhart lift, or in terms of geodesic motion in a symmetric space with several extra dimensions. We examine the relationship between these two realisations and discover that the symmetric space is a generalised, multi-particle Eisenhart lift of the original problem that reduces to the standard Eisenhart lift. Such generalised Eisenhart lift acts as an inverse Kaluza-Klein reduction, promoting coupling constants to momenta in higher dimension. In particular, isometries of the generalised liftmore » metric correspond to energy preserving transformations that mix coordinates and coupling constants. A by-product of the analysis is that the lift of the Toda Lax pair can be used to construct higher rank Killing tensors for both the standard and generalised lift metrics.« less

Super-Luminal Effects for Finsler Branes as a Way to Preserve the Paradigm of Relativity Theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vacaru, Sergiu I.

2013-06-01

Using Finsler brane solutions [see details and methods in: S. Vacaru, Class. Quant. Grav. 28:215001, 2011], we show that neutrinos may surpass the speed of light in vacuum which can be explained by trapping effects from gravity theories on eight dimensional (co) tangent bundles on Lorentzian manifolds to spacetimes in general and special relativity. In nonholonomic variables, the bulk gravity is described by Finsler modifications depending on velocity/momentum coordinates. Possible super-luminal phenomena are determined by the width of locally anisotropic brane (spacetime) and induced by generating functions and integration functions and constants in coefficients of metrics and nonlinear connections. We conclude that Finsler brane gravity trapping mechanism may explain neutrino super-luminal effects and almost preserve the paradigm of Einstein relativity as the standard one for particle physics and gravity.

Martin J. Klein: From Physicist to Historian

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Danian

2012-12-01

To his friends, colleagues, and students, Martin Klein was a gentle and modest man of extraordinary integrity whose stellar accomplishments garnered him many honors. I sketch his life and career, in which he transformed himself from a theoretical physicist at Columbia University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the Case Institute of Technology into a historian of physics while on leave at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Study and the University of Leiden and then pursued this field full time at Yale University.

Embracing "All But My Life" by Gerda Weissmann Klein.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Foster, Harold M.

1997-01-01

Discusses Gerda Weissmann Klein's book, "All But My Life," which chronicles the author's journey from a normal young (Jewish) woman to a slave in Nazi labor camps for six years. Argues that the book is well written, has characters of depth and complexity, affirms life through the ordeal of the Holocaust, and is a popular book with…

Large-scale structure in brane-induced gravity. I. Perturbation theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Scoccimarro, Roman

2009-11-15

We study the growth of subhorizon perturbations in brane-induced gravity using perturbation theory. We solve for the linear evolution of perturbations taking advantage of the symmetry under gauge transformations along the extra-dimension to decouple the bulk equations in the quasistatic approximation, which we argue may be a better approximation at large scales than thought before. We then study the nonlinearities in the bulk and brane equations, concentrating on the workings of the Vainshtein mechanism by which the theory becomes general relativity (GR) at small scales. We show that at the level of the power spectrum, to a good approximation, themore » effect of nonlinearities in the modified gravity sector may be absorbed into a renormalization of the gravitational constant. Since the relation between the lensing potential and density perturbations is entirely unaffected by the extra physics in these theories, the modified gravity can be described in this approximation by a single function, an effective gravitational constant for nonrelativistic motion that depends on space and time. We develop a resummation scheme to calculate it, and provide predictions for the nonlinear power spectrum. At the level of the large-scale bispectrum, the leading order corrections are obtained by standard perturbation theory techniques, and show that the suppression of the brane-bending mode leads to characteristic signatures in the non-Gaussianity generated by gravity, generic to models that become GR at small scales through second-derivative interactions. We compare the predictions in this work to numerical simulations in a companion paper.« less

Surmounting the Cartesian Cut Through Philosophy, Physics, Logic, Cybernetics, and Geometry: Self-reference, Torsion, the Klein Bottle, the Time Operator, Multivalued Logics and Quantum Mechanics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rapoport, Diego L.

2011-01-01

In this transdisciplinary article which stems from philosophical considerations (that depart from phenomenology—after Merleau-Ponty, Heidegger and Rosen—and Hegelian dialectics), we develop a conception based on topological (the Moebius surface and the Klein bottle) and geometrical considerations (based on torsion and non-orientability of manifolds), and multivalued logics which we develop into a unified world conception that surmounts the Cartesian cut and Aristotelian logic. The role of torsion appears in a self-referential construction of space and time, which will be further related to the commutator of the True and False operators of matrix logic, still with a quantum superposed state related to a Moebius surface, and as the physical field at the basis of Spencer-Brown's primitive distinction in the protologic of the calculus of distinction. In this setting, paradox, self-reference, depth, time and space, higher-order non-dual logic, perception, spin and a time operator, the Klein bottle, hypernumbers due to Musès which include non-trivial square roots of ±1 and in particular non-trivial nilpotents, quantum field operators, the transformation of cognition to spin for two-state quantum systems, are found to be keenly interwoven in a world conception compatible with the philosophical approach taken for basis of this article. The Klein bottle is found not only to be the topological in-formation for self-reference and paradox whose logical counterpart in the calculus of indications are the paradoxical imaginary time waves, but also a classical-quantum transformer (Hadamard's gate in quantum computation) which is indispensable to be able to obtain a complete multivalued logical system, and still to generate the matrix extension of classical connective Boolean logic. We further find that the multivalued logic that stems from considering the paradoxical equation in the calculus of distinctions, and in particular, the imaginary solutions to this equation

Warped AdS 6 × S 2 in Type IIB supergravity III. Global solutions with seven-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

D'Hoker, Eric; Gutperle, Michael; Uhlemann, Christoph F.

2017-11-01

We extend our previous construction of global solutions to Type IIB super-gravity that are invariant under the superalgebra F(4) and are realized on a spacetime of the form AdS 6 × S 2 warped over a Riemann surface Σ by allowing the supergravity fields to have non-trivial SL(2, ℝ) monodromy at isolated punctures on Σ. We obtain explicit solutions for the case where Σ is a disc, and the monodromy generators are parabolic elements of SL(2, ℝ) physically corresponding to the monodromy allowed in Type IIB string theory. On the boundary of Σ the solutions exhibit singularities at isolated points which correspond to semi-infinite five-branes, as is familiar from the global solutions without monodromy. In the interior of Σ, the solutions are everywhere regular, except at the punctures where SL(2, ℝ) monodromy resides and which physically correspond to the locations of [ p, q] seven-branes. The solutions have a compelling physical interpretation corresponding to fully localized five-brane intersections with additional seven-branes, and provide candidate holographic duals to the five-dimensional superconformal field theories realized on such intersections.

Bright and singular soliton solutions of the conformable time-fractional Klein-Gordon equations with different nonlinearities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hosseini, Kamyar; Mayeli, Peyman; Ansari, Reza

2018-07-01

Finding the exact solutions of nonlinear fractional differential equations has gained considerable attention, during the past two decades. In this paper, the conformable time-fractional Klein-Gordon equations with quadratic and cubic nonlinearities are studied. Several exact soliton solutions, including the bright (non-topological) and singular soliton solutions are formally extracted by making use of the ansatz method. Results demonstrate that the method can efficiently handle the time-fractional Klein-Gordon equations with different nonlinearities.

Aksz Construction of Topological Open p-BRANE Action and Nambu Brackets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bouwknegt, Peter; Jurčo, Branislav

2013-04-01

We review the AKSZ construction as applied to the topological open membranes and Poisson sigma models. We describe a generalization to open topological p-branes. Also, we propose a related (not necessarily BV) Nambu-Poisson sigma model.

Klein and Lacan meet 21st century schizoid man: fairy stories for the modern era.

PubMed

Charles, Marilyn

2014-09-01

Melanie Klein invited us into the phenomenology of the schizoid dilemma through her depictions of the paranoid-schizoid position. By inserting his recursive arrows, Bion extended this conceptualization, showing us the folly of believing that we can ever entirely move beyond the frightening fantasies and realities of social exclusion and isolation. The 21st century has brought, along with the explosion of technology, an expulsion from the social order of many children who have found refuge from isolation and humiliation in the more accessible and less terrifying world of media and technological invention. What may look like narcissism can mask a terrible underlying schizoid failure to enter into the human race. This is the realm of fantasy run amok, where desire becomes alien and alienated such that one is haunted and hunted down by its very possibility. In this universe, conceptualizations from Klein, Bion, and Lacan help us to locate the individual who has become caught in a massive psychic retreat such that there is no subject because there are no objects. To illustrate, I describe my work with a young man who is living in a terrible "zombie zone" where people are not real and therefore are incomprehensible and terribly dangerous. The poignancy of his dilemma is heartbreaking. Perhaps that is one lesson we can still take from our old fairy tales: when one's heart can be broken by another's plight, then comes the possibility of a healing, an entry through that piercing of what had been impenetrable.

Searching for decaying axionlike dark matter from clusters of galaxies.

PubMed

Riemer-Sørensen, Signe; Zioutas, Konstantin; Hansen, Steen H; Pedersen, Kristian; Dahle, Håkon; Liolios, Anastasios

2007-09-28

We constrain the lifetime of radiatively decaying dark matter in clusters of galaxies inspired by generic Kaluza-Klein axions, which have been invoked as a possible explanation for the solar coronal x-ray emission. These particles can be produced inside stars and remain confined by the gravitational potential of clusters. By analyzing x-ray observations of merging clusters, where gravitational lensing observations have identified massive, baryon poor structures, we derive the first cosmological lifetime constraint on this kind of particles of tau > or = 10(23) sec.

The life and work of Melanie Klein in the British Psycho-Analytical Society.

PubMed

King, P H

1983-01-01

This paper describes certain aspects of the life and work of Melanie Klein in the British Psycho-Analytical Society. It attempts to highlight the reciprocity of the relationship between Melanie Klein and other members of that Society by showing how the climate of psychoanalytical opinion that was prevalent among members of that Society during the first decade of her stay in London, and which encouraged discussion of clinical work and interest in psychoanalytical discovery, provided a congenial setting for her to become firmly established as an active member of the British Society and to continue her contributions to psychoanalytic theory and clinical expertise. The paper also traces the development of Melanie Klein's main theoretical contributions, together with relevant criticisms of them as they emerged, against the background of the history of the British Psycho-Analytical Society. It describes the controversies that arose as to whether or not her ideas could properly be viewed within the framework of psychoanalytic theory, as formulated by Freud, and the attempted resolution of these controversies, together with some comments on the repercussions of these theoretical disagreements on relationships within the Society. An extensive list of references is included to facilitate a more detailed study of the subject.

On 'the fear of death' as the primary anxiety: how and why Klein differs from Freud.

PubMed

Blass, Rachel B

2014-08-01

It is well known that Melanie Klein held the view that 'fear of death' is the primary source of anxiety and that her position is explicitly opposed to that of Sigmund Freud, who maintained that that fear cannot in any way or form be a source of anxiety. In a previous article on Freud's Inhibitions, Symptoms and Anxiety (Blass, 2013), the author argued that, counter to what is commonly portrayed in the literature, Freud's considerations for rejecting the fear of death as a source of anxiety were based on relational and experiential factors that are usually associated with Kleinian psychoanalysis. In light of this affinity of Freud with Klein a question arises as to the actual source of their differences in this context. The present paper offers an answer to this question. The author first presents some of her earlier findings on what led Freud to reject the fear of death as a source of anxiety and then turns to investigate Klein's considerations for accepting it. This takes us beyond her explicit statements on this matter and sheds new light on the relationship of her views regarding death and anxiety and those of Freud. In turn this deepens the understanding of the relationship of Freud and Klein's conceptualizations of the psyche and its internal object relations, pointing to both surprising common ground and foundational differences. Copyright © 2014 Institute of Psychoanalysis.

Branes and the Kraft-Procesi transition: classical case

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cabrera, Santiago; Hanany, Amihay

2018-04-01

Moduli spaces of a large set of 3 d N=4 effective gauge theories are known to be closures of nilpotent orbits. This set of theories has recently acquired a special status, due to Namikawa's theorem. As a consequence of this theorem, closures of nilpotent orbits are the simplest non-trivial moduli spaces that can be found in three dimensional theories with eight supercharges. In the early 80's mathematicians Hanspeter Kraft and Claudio Procesi characterized an inclusion relation between nilpotent orbit closures of the same classical Lie algebra. We recently [1] showed a physical realization of their work in terms of the motion of D3-branes on the Type IIB superstring embedding of the effective gauge theories. This analysis is restricted to A-type Lie algebras. The present note expands our previous discussion to the remaining classical cases: orthogonal and symplectic algebras. In order to do so we introduce O3-planes in the superstring description. We also find a brane realization for the mathematical map between two partitions of the same integer number known as collapse. Another result is that basic Kraft-Procesi transitions turn out to be described by the moduli space of orthosymplectic quivers with varying boundary conditions.

Between practice and theory: Melanie Klein, Anna Freud and the development of child analysis.

PubMed

Donaldson, G

1996-04-01

An examination of the early history of child analysis in the writings of Melanie Klein and Anna Freud reveals how two different and opposing approaches to child analysis arose at the same time. The two methods of child analysis are rooted in a differential emphasis on psychoanalytic theory and practice. The Kleinian method derives from the application of technique while the Anna Freudian method is driven by theory. Furthermore, by holding to the Freudian theory of child development Anna Freud was forced to limit the scope of child analysis, while Klein's application of Freudian practice has led to new discoveries about the development of the infant psyche.

Towards a systematic construction of realistic D-brane models on a del Pezzo singularity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dolan, Matthew J.; Krippendorf, Sven; Quevedo, Fernando

2011-10-01

A systematic approach is followed in order to identify realistic D-brane models at toric del Pezzo singularities. Requiring quark and lepton spectrum and Yukawas from D3 branes and massless hypercharge, we are led to Pati-Salam extensions of the Standard Model. Hierarchies of masses, flavour mixings and control of couplings select higher order del Pezzo singularities, minimising the Higgs sector prefers toric del Pezzos with dP 3 providing the most successful compromise. Then a supersymmetric local string model is presented with the following properties at low energies: (i) the MSSM spectrum plus a local B - L gauge field or additional Higgs fields depending on the breaking pattern, (ii) a realistic hierarchy of quark and lepton masses and (iii) realistic flavour mixing between quark and lepton families with computable CKM and PMNS matrices, and CP violation consistent with observations. In this construction, kinetic terms are diagonal and under calculational control suppressing standard FCNC contributions. Proton decay operators of dimension 4, 5, 6 are suppressed, and gauge couplings can unify depending on the breaking scales from string scales at energies in the range 1012-1016 GeV, consistent with TeV soft-masses from moduli mediated supersymmetry breaking. The GUT scale model corresponds to D3 branes at dP 3 with two copies of the Pati-Salam gauge symmetry SU(4) × SU(2) R × SU(2) L . D-brane instantons generate a non-vanishing μ-term. Right handed sneutrinos can break the B - L symmetry and induce a see-saw mechanism of neutrino masses and R-parity violating operators with observable low-energy implications.

D-brane instantons and the effective field theory of flux compactifications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Uranga, Angel M.

2009-01-01

We provide a description of the effects of fluxes on euclidean D-brane instantons purely in terms of the 4d effective action. The effect corresponds to the dressing of the effective non-perturbative 4d effective vertex with 4d flux superpotential interactions, generated when the moduli fields made massive by the flux are integrated out. The description in terms of effective field theory allows a unified description of non-perturbative effects in all flux compactifications of a given underlying fluxless model, globally in the moduli space of the latter. It also allows us to describe explicitly the effects on D-brane instantons of fluxes with no microscopic description, like non-geometric fluxes. At the more formal level, the description has interesting connections with the bulk-boundary map of open-closed two-dimensional topological string theory, and with the Script N = 1 special geometry.

Brane with variable tension as a possible solution to the problem of the late cosmic acceleration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

García-Aspeitia, Miguel A.; Hernandez-Almada, A.; Magaña, Juan; Amante, Mario H.; Motta, V.; Martínez-Robles, C.

2018-05-01

Braneworld models have been proposed as a possible solution to the problem of the accelerated expansion of the Universe. The idea is to dispense the dark energy (DE) and drive the late-time cosmic acceleration with a five-dimensional geometry. We investigate a brane model with variable brane tension as a function of redshift called chrono-brane. We propose the polynomial λ =(1 +z )n function inspired in tracker-scalar-field potentials. To constrain the n exponent we use the latest observational Hubble data from cosmic chronometers, Type Ia Supernovae from the full joint-light-analysis sample, baryon acoustic oscillations and the posterior distance from the cosmic microwave background of Planck 2015 measurements. A joint analysis of these data estimates n ≃6.19 ±0.12 which generates a DE-like (cosmological-constantlike at late times) term, in the Friedmann equation arising from the extra dimensions. This model is consistent with these data and can drive the Universe to an accelerated phase at late times.

Polarized deep inelastic scattering off the neutron from gauge/string duality

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gao Jianhua; Mou Zonggang; Department of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100

2010-05-01

We investigate deep inelastic scattering off the polarized 'neutron' using gauge/string duality. The 'neutron' corresponds to a supergravity mode of the neutral dilatino. Through introducing the Pauli interaction term into the action in AdS{sub 5} space, we calculate the polarized deep inelastic structure functions of the 'neutron' in supergravity approximation at large t' Hooft coupling {lambda} and finite x with {lambda}{sup -1/2}<Kaluza-Klein reduction.« less

Theories on anxiety in Freud and Melanie Klein. Their metapsychological status.

PubMed

De Bianchedi, E T; Scalozub De Boschan, L; De Cortiñas, L P; De Piccolo, E G

1988-01-01

This paper presents a comparative study of the theories on anxiety formulated by Freud and Melanie Klein, with particular emphasis on the questions of its origin, its meaning for the individual and its function in both theoretical systems. The purpose of this comparative analysis is to offer an instrument which helps frame the theoretical discussions in psychoanalysis in an epistemological context. The authors hold that for Freud anxiety is considered as one more amongst the various manifestations of mental life, which his general theories try to explain, whereas for Melanie Klein anxiety and its destinies occupies a central place in her theories on mental functioning. The differences in both theories, which the authors of this paper describe, especially as to origin, function and meaning of anxiety, respond partially to the different metapsychological points of view with which both authors focus mental life--points of view which they have themselves investigated in a previous paper.

Fermions tunnelling from the charged dilatonic black holes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, De-You; Jiang, Qing-Quan; Zu, Xiao-Tao

2008-10-01

Kerner and Mann's recent work shows that for an uncharged and non-rotating black hole its Hawking temperature can be correctly derived by fermions tunnelling from its horizons. In this paper, our main work is to improve the analysis to deal with charged fermion tunnelling from the general dilatonic black holes, specifically including the charged, spherically symmetric dilatonic black hole, the rotating Einstein Maxwell dilaton axion (EMDA) black hole and the rotating Kaluza Klein (KK) black hole. As a result, the correct Hawking temperatures are well recovered by charged fermions tunnelling from these black holes.

Search for Randall-Sundrum gravitons in the dielectron and diphoton final states with 5.4  fb(-1) of data from pp collisions at square root(s) = 1.96  TeV.

PubMed

Abazov, V M; Abbott, B; Abolins, M; Acharya, B S; Adams, M; Adams, T; Aguilo, E; Alexeev, G D; Alkhazov, G; Alton, A; Alverson, G; Alves, G A; Ancu, L S; Aoki, M; Arnoud, Y; Arov, M; Askew, A; Asman, B; Atramentov, O; Avila, C; Backus Mayes, J; Badaud, F; Bagby, L; Baldin, B; Bandurin, D V; Banerjee, S; Barberis, E; Barfuss, A-F; Baringer, P; Barreto, J; Bartlett, J F; Bassler, U; Beale, S; Bean, A; Begalli, M; Begel, M; Belanger-Champagne, C; Bellantoni, L; Benitez, J A; Beri, S B; Bernardi, G; Bernhard, R; Bertram, I; Besançon, M; Beuselinck, R; Bezzubov, V A; Bhat, P C; Bhatnagar, V; Blazey, G; Blessing, S; Bloom, K; Boehnlein, A; Boline, D; Bolton, T A; Boos, E E; Borissov, G; Bose, T; Brandt, A; Brock, R; Brooijmans, G; Bross, A; Brown, D; Bu, X B; Buchholz, D; Buehler, M; Buescher, V; Bunichev, V; Burdin, S; Burnett, T H; Buszello, C P; Calfayan, P; Calpas, B; Calvet, S; Camacho-Pérez, E; Cammin, J; Carrasco-Lizarraga, M A; Carrera, E; Casey, B C K; Castilla-Valdez, H; Chakrabarti, S; Chakraborty, D; Chan, K M; Chandra, A; Chen, G; Chevalier-Théry, S; Cho, D K; Cho, S W; Choi, S; Choudhary, B; Christoudias, T; Cihangir, S; Claes, D; Clutter, J; Cooke, M S; Cooke, M; Cooper, W E; Corcoran, M; Couderc, F; Cousinou, M-C; Croc, A; Cutts, D; Cwiok, M; Das, A; Davies, G; De, K; de Jong, S J; De la Cruz-Burelo, E; DeVaughan, K; Déliot, F; Demarteau, M; Demina, R; Denisov, D; Denisov, S P; Desai, S; Diehl, H T; Diesburg, M; Dominguez, A; Dorland, T; Dubey, A; Dudko, L V; Duggan, D; Duperrin, A; Dutt, S; Dyshkant, A; Eads, M; Edmunds, D; Ellison, J; Elvira, V D; Enari, Y; Eno, S; Evans, H; Evdokimov, A; Evdokimov, V N; Facini, G; Ferapontov, A V; Ferbel, T; Fiedler, F; Filthaut, F; Fisher, W; Fisk, H E; Fortner, M; Fox, H; Fuess, S; Gadfort, T; Garcia-Bellido, A; Gavrilov, V; Gay, P; Geist, W; Geng, W; Gerbaudo, D; Gerber, C E; Gershtein, Y; Gillberg, D; Ginther, G; Golovanov, G; Goussiou, A; Grannis, P D; Greder, S; Greenlee, H; Greenwood, Z D; Gregores, E M; Grenier, G; Gris, Ph; Grivaz, J-F; Grohsjean, A; Grünendahl, S; Grünewald, M W; Guo, F; Guo, J; Gutierrez, G; Gutierrez, P; Haas, A; Haefner, P; Hagopian, S; Haley, J; Hall, I; Han, L; Harder, K; Harel, A; Hauptman, J M; Hays, J; Hebbeker, T; Hedin, D; Heinson, A P; Heintz, U; Hensel, C; Heredia-De la Cruz, I; Herner, K; Hesketh, G; Hildreth, M D; Hirosky, R; Hoang, T; Hobbs, J D; Hoeneisen, B; Hohlfeld, M; Hossain, S; Houben, P; Hu, Y; Hubacek, Z; Huske, N; Hynek, V; Iashvili, I; Illingworth, R; Ito, A S; Jabeen, S; Jaffré, M; Jain, S; Jamin, D; Jesik, R; Johns, K; Johnson, C; Johnson, M; Johnston, D; Jonckheere, A; Jonsson, P; Juste, A; Kaadze, K; Kajfasz, E; Karmanov, D; Kasper, P A; Katsanos, I; Kehoe, R; Kermiche, S; Khalatyan, N; Khanov, A; Kharchilava, A; Kharzheev, Y N; Khatidze, D; Kirby, M H; Kirsch, M; Kohli, J M; Kozelov, A V; Kraus, J; Kumar, A; Kupco, A; Kurca, T; Kuzmin, V A; Kvita, J; Lammers, S; Landsberg, G; Lebrun, P; Lee, H S; Lee, W M; Lellouch, J; Li, L; Li, Q Z; Lietti, S M; Lim, J K; Lincoln, D; Linnemann, J; Lipaev, V V; Lipton, R; Liu, Y; Liu, Z; Lobodenko, A; Lokajicek, M; Love, P; Lubatti, H J; Luna-Garcia, R; Lyon, A L; Maciel, A K A; Mackin, D; Madar, R; Magaña-Villalba, R; Mal, P K; Malik, S; Malyshev, V L; Maravin, Y; Martínez-Ortega, J; McCarthy, R; McGivern, C L; Meijer, M M; Melnitchouk, A; Menezes, D; Mercadante, P G; Merkin, M; Meyer, A; Meyer, J; Mondal, N K; Moulik, T; Muanza, G S; Mulhearn, M; Nagy, E; Naimuddin, M; Narain, M; Nayyar, R; Neal, H A; Negret, J P; Neustroev, P; Nilsen, H; Novaes, S F; Nunnemann, T; Obrant, G; Onoprienko, D; Orduna, J; Osman, N; Osta, J; Otero y Garzón, G J; Owen, M; Padilla, M; Pangilinan, M; Parashar, N; Parihar, V; Park, S-J; Park, S K; Parsons, J; Partridge, R; Parua, N; Patwa, A; Penning, B; Perfilov, M; Peters, K; Peters, Y; Petrillo, G; Pétroff, P; Piegaia, R; Piper, J; Pleier, M-A; Podesta-Lerma, P L M; Podstavkov, V M; Pol, M-E; Polozov, P; Popov, A V; Prewitt, M; Price, D; Protopopescu, S; Qian, J; Quadt, A; Quinn, B; Rangel, M S; Ranjan, K; Ratoff, P N; Razumov, I; Renkel, P; Rich, P; Rijssenbeek, M; Ripp-Baudot, I; Rizatdinova, F; Rominsky, M; Royon, C; Rubinov, P; Ruchti, R; Safronov, G; Sajot, G; Sánchez-Hernández, A; Sanders, M P; Sanghi, B; Savage, G; Sawyer, L; Scanlon, T; Schaile, D; Schamberger, R D; Scheglov, Y; Schellman, H; Schliephake, T; Schlobohm, S; Schwanenberger, C; Schwienhorst, R; Sekaric, J; Severini, H; Shabalina, E; Shary, V; Shchukin, A A; Shivpuri, R K; Simak, V; Sirotenko, V; Skubic, P; Slattery, P; Smirnov, D; Snow, G R; Snow, J; Snyder, S; Söldner-Rembold, S; Sonnenschein, L; Sopczak, A; Sosebee, M; Soustruznik, K; Spurlock, B; Stark, J; Stolin, V; Stoyanova, D A; Strang, M A; Strauss, E; Strauss, M; Ströhmer, R; Strom, D; Stutte, L; Svoisky, P; Takahashi, M; Tanasijczuk, A; Taylor, W; Tiller, B; Titov, M; Tokmenin, V V; Tsybychev, D; Tuchming, B; Tully, C; Tuts, P M; Unalan, R; Uvarov, L; Uvarov, S; Uzunyan, S; Van Kooten, R; van Leeuwen, W M; Varelas, N; Varnes, E W; Vasilyev, I A; Verdier, P; Vertogradov, L S; Verzocchi, M; Vesterinen, M; Vilanova, D; Vint, P; Vokac, P; Wahl, H D; Wang, M H L S; Warchol, J; Watts, G; Wayne, M; Weber, G; Weber, M; Wetstein, M; White, A; Wicke, D; Williams, M R J; Wilson, G W; Wimpenny, S J; Wobisch, M; Wood, D R; Wyatt, T R; Xie, Y; Xu, C; Yacoob, S; Yamada, R; Yang, W-C; Yasuda, T; Yatsunenko, Y A; Ye, Z; Yin, H; Yip, K; Yoo, H D; Youn, S W; Yu, J; Zelitch, S; Zhao, T; Zhou, B; Zhou, N; Zhu, J; Zielinski, M; Zieminska, D; Zivkovic, L

2010-06-18

Using 5.4  fb(-1) of integrated luminosity from pp collisions at square root(s)=1.96  TeV collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, we search for decays of the lightest Kaluza-Klein mode of the graviton in the Randall-Sundrum model to ee and γγ. We set 95% C.L. lower limits on the mass of the lightest graviton between 560 and 1050 GeV for values of the coupling k/M(Pl) between 0.01 and 0.1.

Searches for and identification of effects of extra spatial dimensions in dilepton and diphoton production at the Large Hadron Collider

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pankov, A. A., E-mail: pankov@ictp.it; Serenkova, I. A., E-mail: inna.serenkova@cern.ch; Tsytrinov, A. V., E-mail: tsytrin@gstu.by

2015-06-15

Prospects of discovering and identifying effects of extra spatial dimensions in dilepton and diphoton production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are studied. Such effects may be revealed by the characteristic behavior of the invariant-mass distributions of dileptons and diphotons, and their identification can be performed on the basis of an analysis of their angular distributions. The discovery and identification reaches are estimated for the scale parameter M{sub S} of the Kaluza-Klein gravitational towers, which can be determined in experiments devoted to measuring the dilepton and diphoton channels at the LHC.

(Super)symmetries of semiclassical models in theoretical and condensed matter physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ngome, J.-P.

2011-03-01

Van Holten's covariant algorithm for deriving conserved quantities is presented, with particular attention paid to Runge-Lenz-type vectors. The classical dynamics of isospin-carrying particles is reviewed. Physical applications including non-Abelian monopole-type systems in diatoms, introduced by Moody, Shapere and Wilczek, are considered. Applied to curved space, the formalism of van Holten allows us to describe the dynamical symmetries of generalized Kaluza-Klein monopoles. The framework is extended to supersymmetry and applied to the SUSY of the monopoles. Yet another application concerns the three-dimensional non-commutative oscillator.

Central Charges of Liouville and Toda Theories from M5-Branes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Alday, Luis F.; Tachikawa, Yuji; Benini, Francesco

We show that the central charge of the Liouville and Toda theories of type A, D, and E can be reproduced by equivariantly integrating the anomaly eight-form of the corresponding six-dimensional N=(0,2) theories, which describe the low-energy dynamics of M5-branes.

Deep-water sponges (Porifera) from Bonaire and Klein Curaçao, Southern Caribbean.

PubMed

Van Soest, Rob W M; Meesters, Erik H W G; Becking, Leontine E

2014-10-29

Four submersible dives off the coast of Bonaire (Caribbean Netherlands) and Klein Curaçao (Curaçao) to depths of 99.5-242 m, covering lower mesophotic and upper dysphotic zones, yielded 52 sponge specimens belonging to 31 species. Among these we identified 13 species as new to science. These are Plakinastrella stinapa n. sp., Pachastrella pacoi n. sp., Characella pachastrelloides n. sp., Geodia curacaoensis n. sp., Caminus carmabi n. sp., Discodermia adhaerens n. sp., Clathria (Microciona) acarnoides n. sp., Antho (Acarnia) pellita n. sp., Parahigginsia strongylifera n. sp., Calyx magnoculata n. sp., Neopetrosia dutchi n. sp., Neopetrosia ovata n. sp. and Neopetrosia eurystomata n. sp. We also report an euretid hexactinellid, which belongs to the rare genus Verrucocoeloidea, recently described (2014) as V. liberatorii Reiswig & Dohrmann. The remaining 18 already known species are all illustrated by photos of the habit, either in situ or 'on deck', but only briefly characterized in an annotated table to confirm their occurrence in the Southern Caribbean. The habitat investigated-steep limestone rocks, likely representing Pleistocene fossil reefs--is similar to deep-water fossil reefs at Barbados of which the sponges were sampled and studied by Van Soest and Stentoft (1988). A comparison is made between the two localities, showing a high degree of similarity in sponge composition: 53% of the present Bonaire-Klein Curaçao species were also retrieved at Barbados. At the level of higher taxa (genera, families) Bonaire-Klein Curaçao shared approximately 80% of its lower mesophotic and upper dysphotic sponge fauna with Barbados, despite a distance between them of 1000 km, indicating high faunal homogeneity. We also preliminarily compared the shallow-water (euphotic) sponge fauna of Curaçao with the combined data available for the Barbados, Bonaire and Klein Curaçao mesophotic and upper dysphotic sponges, which resulted in the conclusion that the two faunas show only

Quantum mechanics of Klein-Gordon fields I: Hilbert Space, localized states, and chiral symmetry

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mostafazadeh, A.; Zamani, F.

2006-09-15

We derive an explicit manifestly covariant expression for the most general positive-definite and Lorentz-invariant inner product on the space of solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation. This expression involves a one-parameter family of conserved current densities J{sub a}{sup {mu}}, with a-bar (-1,1), that are analogous to the chiral current density for spin half fields. The conservation of J{sub a}{sup {mu}} is related to a global gauge symmetry of the Klein-Gordon fields whose gauge group is U(1) for rational a and the multiplicative group of positive real numbers for irrational a. We show that the associated gauge symmetry is responsible for themore » conservation of the total probability of the localization of the field in space. This provides a simple resolution of the paradoxical situation resulting from the fact that the probability current density for free scalar fields is neither covariant nor conserved. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of our approach for free real scalar fields offering a direct proof of the uniqueness of the relativistically invariant positive-definite inner product on the space of real Klein-Gordon fields. We also explore an extension of our results to scalar fields minimally coupled to an electromagnetic field.« less

The World Hypertension League: where now and where to in salt reduction

PubMed Central

Lackland, Daniel T.; Lisheng, Liu; Zhang, Xin-Hua; Nilsson, Peter M.; Niebylski, Mark L.

2015-01-01

High dietary salt is a leading risk for death and disability largely by causing increased blood pressure. Other associated health risks include gastric and renal cell cancers, osteoporosis, renal stones, and increased disease activity in multiple sclerosis, headache, increased body fat and Meniere’s disease. The World Hypertension League (WHL) has prioritized advocacy for salt reduction. WHL resources and actions include a non-governmental organization policy statement, dietary salt fact sheet, development of standardized nomenclature, call for quality research, collaboration in a weekly salt science update, development of a process to set recommended dietary salt research standards and regular literature reviews, development of adoptable power point slide sets to support WHL positions and resources, and critic of weak research studies on dietary salt. The WHL plans to continue to work with multiple governmental and non-governmental organizations to promote dietary salt reduction towards the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. PMID:26090335

Covariant open bosonic string field theory on multiple D-branes in the proper-time gauge

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Taejin

2017-12-01

We construct a covariant open bosonic string field theory on multiple D-branes, which reduces to a non-Abelian group Yang-Mills gauge theory in the zero-slope limit. Making use of the first quantized open bosonic string in the proper time gauge, we convert the string amplitudes given by the Polyakov path integrals on string world sheets into those of the second quantized theory. The world sheet diagrams generated by the constructed open string field theory are planar in contrast to those of the Witten's cubic string field theory. However, the constructed string field theory is yet equivalent to the Witten's cubic string field theory. Having obtained planar diagrams, we may adopt the light-cone string field theory technique to calculate the multi-string scattering amplitudes with an arbitrary number of external strings. We examine in detail the three-string vertex diagram and the effective four-string vertex diagrams generated perturbatively by the three-string vertex at tree level. In the zero-slope limit, the string scattering amplitudes are identified precisely as those of non-Abelian Yang-Mills gauge theory if the external states are chosen to be massless vector particles.

The "new" democratic woman of modernity: Georgia O'Keeffe and Melanie Klein.

PubMed

Gadt, J C

1994-06-01

O'Keeffe put into visual language the psychic splitting that had occurred between the sexes in the United States, attempting to integrate what had formerly been separated as feminine and masculine into the female psyche. In her most important contribution, she explored presence rather than absence and opened up possibilities for thinking about openings. The concept of the female opening in particular had heretofore been assigned a negative meaning, signifying more often than not a gaping wound rather than a space and place of possibilities. Klein's complex and evocative understanding of some of the earliest mental processes of life enabled researchers to delve into the meanings made of the presence of the mother and father and baby, in the context of the baby's body-mind. Klein's female or male baby desires to know from the beginning. She discovered splitting and projective identification, the development of anxiety and guilt under the aegis of these mental processes, the multiple meanings of aggression, and, significantly, she permitted the female baby's body to have its own language. The answers provided by O'Keeffe and Klein bequeathed new possibilities for women's self-invention and remain pivot points for female identity throughout the century, to be confronted again by the second wave of feminism beginning in the late 1960s, by "postfeminist" debates, and by a challenged psychoanalysis. A more careful probing of these issues may help us to better understand our past so as to have greater resources for a more comprehensive reading of our present.

The effect of the Gauss-Bonnet term on Hawking radiation from arbitrary dimensional black brane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuang, Xiao-Mei; Saavedra, Joel; Övgün, Ali

2017-09-01

We investigate the probabilities of the tunneling and the radiation spectra of massive spin-1 particles from arbitrary dimensional Gauss-Bonnet-Axions (GBA) Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black branes, via using the WKB approximation to the Proca spin-1 field equation. The tunneling probabilities and Hawking temperature of the arbitrary dimensional GBA AdS black brane is calculated via the Hamilton-Jacobi approach. We also compute the Hawking temperature via the Parikh-Wilczek tunneling approach. The results obtained from the two methods are consistent. In our setup, the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) coupling affects the Hawking temperature if and only if the momentum of the axion fields is non-vanishing.

No reconciliation, but self-searching in the sense of rapprochement: Hillel Klein's Holocaust research in Germany 40 years after.

PubMed

Nedelmann, Carl

2005-08-01

The paper is written from a personal perspective and in conjunction with the author's participation in editing Hillel Klein's book Uberleben und Versuche der Wiederbelebung-Psychoanalytische Studien mit Uberlebenden der Shoah und mit ihren Familien in Israel und in der Diaspora [Survival and trials of revival--Psychodynamic studies of Holocaust survivors and their families in Israel and the diaspora] which appeared posthumously in 2003. The manuscript was originally written in English during the first half of the 1980s. It consists of a revised version of his contributions to psychoanalytic Holocaust research, as well as further observations and a number of autobiographical features. It suggests that we see the symptom which relates to the traumatic past less as the sign of a pathology, and instead, through the linking of drives and objects, more as a sign of hope. The hope is that revival begins in recovering the world that was lost in the Holocaust, the world from before, which, as torn as it was, he still referred to as the 'intact world'. He regarded rapprochement as one of the main therapeutic tools. Rapprochement does not build up absolutes, but leaves from the quantitative point of view room for encounter.

All but Her Life: Holocaust Survivor Gerda Klein Shares with Learners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lincoln, Margaret

2007-01-01

During the 2006-2007 school year, students from Battle Creek, Michigan, high school joined numerous others from across the state in reading holocaust survivor Gerda Klein's memoir, "All But My Life." Published in 57 editions and still in print after 50 years, the book is the inspiring account of a remarkable individual who endured unspeakable…

Neuroimaging of Narcolepsy and Kleine-Levin Syndrome.

PubMed

Hong, Seung Bong

2017-09-01

Narcolepsy is a chronic neurologic disorder with the abnormal regulation of the sleep-wake cycle, resulting in excessive daytime sleepiness, disturbed nocturnal sleep, and manifestations related to rapid eye movement sleep, such as cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucination. Over the past decade, numerous neuroimaging studies have been performed to characterize the pathophysiology and various clinical features of narcolepsy. This article reviews structural and functional brain imaging findings in narcolepsy and Kleine-Levin syndrome. Based on the current state of research, brain imaging is a useful tool to investigate and understand the neuroanatomic correlates and brain abnormalities of narcolepsy and other hypersomnia. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Explicit construction of BRST charge of noncommutative D-brane system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hong, Soon-Tae

2006-01-01

In the BRST BFV scheme for noncommutative D-branes with constant NS B-field, introducing ghost degrees of freedom we construct the gauge-fixed Hamiltonian and corresponding effective Lagrangian invariant under nilpotent BRST charge. It is also shown that the presence of auxiliary variables introduced via the improved Dirac formalism plays a crucial role in the construction of the BRST invariant Lagrangian.

Delocalizing entanglement of anisotropic black branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jahnke, Viktor

2018-01-01

We study the mutual information between pairs of regions on the two asymptotic boundaries of maximally extended anisotropic black branes. This quantity characterizes the local pattern of entanglement of the thermofield double states which are dual to these geometries. We analyze the disruption of the mutual information in anisotropic shock wave geometries and show that the entanglement velocity plays an important role in this phenomenon. Moreover, we compute several chaos-related properties of this system, such as the entanglement velocity, the butterfly velocity, and the scrambling time. We find that the butterfly velocity and the entanglement velocity violate the upper bounds proposed in [1-3], but remain bounded by their corresponding values in the infrared effective theory.

D=10 Chiral Tensionless Super p-BRANES

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bozhilov, P.

We consider a model for tensionless (null) super-p-branes with N chiral supersymmetries in ten-dimensional flat space-time. After establishing the symmetries of the action, we give the general solution of the classical equations of motion in a particular gauge. In the case of a null superstring (p=1) we find the general solution in an arbitrary gauge. Then, using a harmonic superspace approach, the initial algebra of first- and second-class constraints is converted into an algebra of Lorentz-covariant, BFV-irreducible, first-class constraints only. The corresponding BRST charge is as for a first rank dynamical system.

An unusual occurrence of Kleine-Levin syndrome in a man with refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura: a case report.

PubMed

Amirifard, Hamed; Barzkar, Farzaneh; Fazeli, Seyed Amirhossein; Hashemi, Seyed Mehdi

2015-04-01

Kleine-Levin syndrome is an extremely rare neurological entity characterized by recurrent episodes of hypersomnia which are sometimes associated with compulsive hyperphagia and behavioral changes. Autoimmunity has recently been proposed as a factor contributing to its pathogenesis. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura is a relatively common autoimmune disease showing a lot of complexity and uncertainty regarding its treatment regimens and its refractory nature in some cases. A 32-year-old Persian White man visited his private hematologist complaining of recent episodes of epistaxis and appearance of petechial lesions 24 hours after receiving a meningococcal vaccine. He had a history of immune thrombocytopenic purpura 13 years before his presentation. Based on his history and laboratory findings, his condition was diagnosed as a relapse of immune thrombocytopenic purpura and was managed accordingly. He did not respond to first-line corticosteroid regimens and later developed neurological symptoms as recurrent episodes of hypersomnia and hyperphagia. After a complete clinical and paraclinical evaluation and ruling out other possible conditions, he was given a diagnosis of Kleine-Levin syndrome. He was followed up for his immune thrombocytopenic purpura and received different treatment regimens none of which were adequately successful except intravenous immunoglobulin that was only temporarily effective. He has had 4 documented self-limited episodes of Kleine-Levin syndrome since his initial presentation. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura may be associated with meningococcal vaccination in adulthood. Responses to treatment in immune thrombocytopenic purpura vary among patients. Our patient only had a transient acceptable response to intravenous immunoglobulin while all other options failed to improve his platelet count. Concurrence of immune thrombocytopenic purpura and Kleine-Levin syndrome supports the role of autoimmunity as the proposed pathophysiological mechanism of

World-volume effective theory for higher-dimensional black holes.

PubMed

Emparan, Roberto; Harmark, Troels; Niarchos, Vasilis; Obers, Niels A

2009-05-15

We argue that the main feature behind novel properties of higher-dimensional black holes, compared to four-dimensional ones, is that their horizons can have two characteristic lengths of very different size. We develop a long-distance world-volume effective theory that captures the black hole dynamics at scales much larger than the short scale. In this limit the black hole is regarded as a blackfold: a black brane (possibly boosted locally) whose world volume spans a curved submanifold of the spacetime. This approach reveals black objects with novel horizon geometries and topologies more complex than the black ring, but more generally it provides a new organizing framework for the dynamics of higher-dimensional black holes.

(Compactified) black branes in four dimensional f(R)-gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dimakis, N.; Giacomini, Alex; Paliathanasis, Andronikos

2018-02-01

A new family of analytical solutions in a four dimensional static spacetime is presented for f (R) -gravity. In contrast to General Relativity, we find that a non trivial black brane/string solution is supported in vacuum power law f (R) -gravity for appropriate values of the parameters characterizing the model and when axisymmetry is introduced in the line element. For the aforementioned solution, we perform a brief investigation over its basic thermodynamic quantities.

Dark SU (N ) glueball stars on fluid branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

da Rocha, Roldão

2017-06-01

The glueball dark matter, in the pure SU (N ) Yang-Mills theory, engenders dark SU (N ) stars that comprise self-gravitating compact configurations of scalar glueball fields. Corrections to the highest frequency of gravitational wave radiation emitted by dark SU (N ) star mergers on a fluid brane with variable tension, implemented by the minimal geometric deformation, are derived, and their consequences are analyzed. Hence, dark SU (N ) star mergers on a fluid braneworld are shown to be better detectable by the LIGO and the eLISA experiments.

Real-world effectiveness of osteoporosis therapies for fracture reduction in post-menopausal women.

PubMed

Yusuf, Akeem A; Cummings, Steven R; Watts, Nelson B; Feudjo, Maurille Tepie; Sprafka, J Michael; Zhou, Jincheng; Guo, Haifeng; Balasubramanian, Akhila; Cooper, Cyrus

2018-03-21

Studies examining real-world effectiveness of osteoporosis therapies are beset by limitations due to confounding by indication. By evaluating longitudinal changes in fracture incidence, we demonstrated that osteoporosis therapies are effective in reducing fracture risk in real-world practice settings. Osteoporosis therapies have been shown to reduce incidence of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures in placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials. However, information on the real-world effectiveness of these therapies is limited. We examined fracture risk reduction in older, post-menopausal women treated with osteoporosis therapies. Using Medicare claims, we identified 1,278,296 women age ≥ 65 years treated with zoledronic acid, oral bisphosphonates, denosumab, teriparatide, or raloxifene. Fracture incidence rates before and after treatment initiation were described to understand patients' fracture risk profile, and fracture reduction effectiveness of each therapy was evaluated as a longitudinal change in incidence rates. Fracture incidence rates increased during the period leading up to treatment initiation and were highest in the 3-month period most proximal to treatment initiation. Fracture incidence rates following treatment initiation were significantly lower than before treatment initiation. Compared with the 12-month pre-index period, there were reductions in clinical vertebral fractures for denosumab (45%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 39-51%), zoledronic acid (50%; 95% CI 47-52%), oral bisphosphonates (24%; 95% CI 22-26%), and teriparatide (72%; 95% CI 69-75%) during the subsequent 12 months. Relative to the first 3 months after initiation, clinical vertebral fractures were reduced for denosumab (51%; 95% CI 42-59%), zoledronic acid (25%; 95% CI 17-32%), oral bisphosphonates (23%; 95% CI 20-26%), and teriparatide (64%; 95% CI 58-69%) during the subsequent 12 months. In summary, reductions in fracture incidence over time were observed in cohorts

The particle problem in classical gravity: a historical note on 1941

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galvagno, Mariano; Giribet, Gastón

2005-11-01

This historical note is mainly based on a relatively unknown paper published by Albert Einstein in Revista de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán in 1941. Taking the ideas of this work as a leitmotiv, we review the discussions about the particle problem in the theory of gravitation within the historical context by means of the study of seminal works on the subject. The revision shows how the digressions regarding the structure of matter and the concise problem of finding regular solutions of the pure field equations turned out to be intrinsically unified in the beginning of the programme towards a final theory of fields. The paper mentioned (Einstein 1941a Rev. Univ. Nac. Tucumán A 2 11) represents the basis of the one written by Einstein in collaboration with Wolfgang Pauli in 1943, in which, following analogous lines, the proof of the non-existence of regular particle-type solutions was generalized to the case of cylindrical geometries in Kaluza-Klein theory (Einstein and Pauli 1943 Ann. Math. 44 131). Besides, other generalizations were subsequently presented. The (non-)existence of such solutions in classical unified field theory was undoubtedly an important criterion leading Einstein's investigations. This aspect was investigated with expertness by Jeroen van Dongen in a recent work, though restricting the scope to the particular case of Kaluza-Klein theory (van Dongen 2002 Stud. Hist. Phil. Mod. Phys. 33 185). Here, we discuss the particle problem within a more general context, presenting in this way a complement to previous reviews.

Suppressing Klein tunneling in graphene using a one-dimensional array of localized scatterers.

PubMed

Walls, Jamie D; Hadad, Daniel

2015-02-13

Graphene's unique physical and chemical properties make it an attractive platform for use in micro- and nanoelectronic devices. However, electrostatically controlling the flow of electrons in graphene can be challenging as a result of Klein tunneling, where electrons normally incident to a one-dimensional potential barrier of height V are perfectly transmitted even as V → ∞. In this study, theoretical and numerical calculations predict that the transmission probability for an electron wave normally incident to a one-dimensional array of localized scatterers can be significantly less than unity when the electron wavelength is smaller than the spacing between scatterers. In effect, placing periodic openings throughout a potential barrier can, somewhat counterintuitively, decrease transmission in graphene. Our results suggest that electrostatic potentials with spatial variations on the order of the electron wavelength can suppress Klein tunneling and could find applications in developing graphene electronic devices.

Weak gravity conjecture as a razor criterium for exotic D-brane instantons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Addazi, Andrea

2017-01-01

We discuss implications of weak gravity conjecture (WGC) for exotic D-brane instantons. In particular, WGC leads to indirect stringent bounds on non-perturbative superpotentials generated by exotic instantons with many implications for phenomenology: R-parity violating processes, neutrino mass, μ-problem, neutron-antineutron transitions and collider physics.

Analysis of Eigenvalue and Eigenfunction of Klein Gordon Equation Using Asymptotic Iteration Method for Separable Non-central Cylindrical Potential

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suparmi, A.; Cari, C.; Lilis Elviyanti, Isnaini

2018-04-01

Analysis of relativistic energy and wave function for zero spin particles using Klein Gordon equation was influenced by separable noncentral cylindrical potential was solved by asymptotic iteration method (AIM). By using cylindrical coordinates, the Klein Gordon equation for the case of symmetry spin was reduced to three one-dimensional Schrodinger like equations that were solvable using variable separation method. The relativistic energy was calculated numerically with Matlab software, and the general unnormalized wave function was expressed in hypergeometric terms.

Lab-on-a-brane: nanofibrous polymer membranes to recreate organ-capillary interfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Budhwani, Karim I.; Thomas, Vinoy; Sethu, Palaniappan

2016-03-01

Drug discovery is a complex and time consuming process involving significant basic research and preclinical evaluation prior to testing in patients. Preclinical studies rely extensively on animal models which often fail in human trials. Biomimetic microphysiological systems (MPS) using human cells can be a promising alternative to animal models; where critical interactions between different organ systems are recreated to provide physiologically relevant in vitro human models. Central here are blood-vessel networks, the interface controlling transport of cellular and biomolecular components between the circulating fluid and underlying tissue. Here we present a novel lab-on-a-brane (or lab-on-a-membrane) nanofluidics MPS that combines the elegance of lab-on-a-chip with the more realistic morphology of 3D fibrous tissue-engineering constructs. Our blood-vessel lab-on-a-brane effectively simulates in vivo vessel-tissue interface for evaluating transendothelial transport in various pharmacokinetic and nanomedicine applications. Attributes of our platform include (a) nanoporous barrier interface enabling transmembrane molecular transport, (b) transformation of substrate into nanofibrous 3D tissue matrix, (c) invertible-sandwich architecture, and (d) simple co-culture mechanism for endothelial and smooth muscle layers to accurately mimic arterial anatomy. Structural, mechanical, and transport characterization using scanning electron microscopy, stress/strain analysis, infrared spectroscopy, immunofluorescence, and FITC-Dextran hydraulic permeability confirm viability of this in vitro system. Thus, our lab-on-a-brane provides an effective and efficient, yet considerably inexpensive, physiologically relevant alternative for pharmacokinetic evaluation; possibly reducing animals used in preclinical testing, costs from false starts, and time-to-market. Furthermore, it can be configured in multiple simultaneous arrays for personalized and precision medicine applications and for

Holographic twin Higgs model.

PubMed

Geller, Michael; Telem, Ofri

2015-05-15

We present the first realization of a "twin Higgs" model as a holographic composite Higgs model. Uniquely among composite Higgs models, the Higgs potential is protected by a new standard model (SM) singlet elementary "mirror" sector at the sigma model scale f and not by the composite states at m_{KK}, naturally allowing for m_{KK} beyond the LHC reach. As a result, naturalness in our model cannot be constrained by the LHC, but may be probed by precision Higgs measurements at future lepton colliders, and by direct searches for Kaluza-Klein excitations at a 100 TeV collider.

Holographic Twin Higgs Model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Geller, Michael; Telem, Ofri

2015-05-01

We present the first realization of a "twin Higgs" model as a holographic composite Higgs model. Uniquely among composite Higgs models, the Higgs potential is protected by a new standard model (SM) singlet elementary "mirror" sector at the sigma model scale f and not by the composite states at mKK , naturally allowing for mKK beyond the LHC reach. As a result, naturalness in our model cannot be constrained by the LHC, but may be probed by precision Higgs measurements at future lepton colliders, and by direct searches for Kaluza-Klein excitations at a 100 TeV collider.

General calculation of the cross section for dark matter annihilations into two photons

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Garcia-Cely, Camilo; Rivera, Andres, E-mail: Camilo.Alfredo.Garcia.Cely@ulb.ac.be, E-mail: afelipe.rivera@udea.edu.co

2017-03-01

Assuming that the underlying model satisfies some general requirements such as renormalizability and CP conservation, we calculate the non-relativistic one-loop cross section for any self-conjugate dark matter particle annihilating into two photons. We accomplish this by carefully classifying all possible one-loop diagrams and, from them, reading off the dark matter interactions with the particles running in the loop. Our approach is general and leads to the same results found in the literature for popular dark matter candidates such as the neutralinos of the MSSM, minimal dark matter, inert Higgs and Kaluza-Klein dark matter.

Working Memory in 8 Kleine-Levin Syndrome Patients: An fMRI Study

PubMed Central

Engstrom, Maria; Vigren, Patrick; Karlsson, Thomas; Landtblom, Anne-Marie

2009-01-01

Study Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate possible neuropathology behind the Kleine-Levin Syndrome (KLS), a severe form of hypersomnia with onset during adolescence. Design: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) applying a verbal working memory task was used in conjunction with a paper-and-pencil version of the task. Participants: Eight patients with KLS and 12 healthy volunteers participated in the study. Results: The results revealed a pattern of increased thalamic activity and reduced frontal activity (involving the anterior cingulate and adjacent prefrontal cortex) while performing a reading span task. Discussion: This finding may explain the clinical symptoms observed in KLS, in that the thalamus is known to be involved in the control of sleep. Given the increasing access to fMRI, this investigation may aid clinicians in the diagnosis of patients suffering from severe forms of hypersomnia. Citation: Engström M; Vigren P; Karlsson T; Landtblom AM. Working memory in 8 kleine-levin syndrome patients: an fmri study. SLEEP 2009;32(5):681–688. PMID:19480235

Fabry-Pérot Interference in Gapped Bilayer Graphene with Broken Anti-Klein Tunneling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Varlet, Anastasia; Liu, Ming-Hao; Krueckl, Viktor; Bischoff, Dominik; Simonet, Pauline; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Richter, Klaus; Ensslin, Klaus; Ihn, Thomas

2014-09-01

We report the experimental observation of Fabry-Pérot interference in the conductance of a gate-defined cavity in a dual-gated bilayer graphene device. The high quality of the bilayer graphene flake, combined with the device's electrical robustness provided by the encapsulation between two hexagonal boron nitride layers, allows us to observe ballistic phase-coherent transport through a 1-μm-long cavity. We confirm the origin of the observed interference pattern by comparing to tight-binding calculations accounting for the gate-tunable band gap. The good agreement between experiment and theory, free of tuning parameters, further verifies that a gap opens in our device. The gap is shown to destroy the perfect reflection for electrons traversing the barrier with normal incidence (anti-Klein tunneling). The broken anti-Klein tunneling implies that the Berry phase, which is found to vary with the gate voltages, is always involved in the Fabry-Pérot oscillations regardless of the magnetic field, in sharp contrast with single-layer graphene.

Light-cone reduction vs. TsT transformations: a fluid dynamics perspective

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dutta, Suvankar; Krishna, Hare

2018-05-01

We compute constitutive relations for a charged (2+1) dimensional Schrödinger fluid up to first order in derivative expansion, using holographic techniques. Starting with a locally boosted, asymptotically AdS, 4 + 1 dimensional charged black brane geometry, we uplift that to ten dimensions and perform TsT transformations to obtain an effective five dimensional local black brane solution with asymptotically Schrödinger isometries. By suitably implementing the holographic techniques, we compute the constitutive relations for the effective fluid living on the boundary of this space-time and extract first order transport coefficients from these relations. Schrödinger fluid can also be obtained by reducing a charged relativistic conformal fluid over light-cone. It turns out that both the approaches result the same system at the end. Fluid obtained by light-cone reduction satisfies a restricted class of thermodynamics. Here, we see that the charged fluid obtained holographically also belongs to the same restricted class.

Operational Solution to the Nonlinear Klein-Gordon Equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bengochea, G.; Verde-Star, L.; Ortigueira, M.

2018-05-01

We obtain solutions of the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation using a novel operational method combined with the Adomian polynomial expansion of nonlinear functions. Our operational method does not use any integral transforms nor integration processes. We illustrate the application of our method by solving several examples and present numerical results that show the accuracy of the truncated series approximations to the solutions. Supported by Grant SEP-CONACYT 220603, the first author was supported by SEP-PRODEP through the project UAM-PTC-630, the third author was supported by Portuguese National Funds through the FCT Foundation for Science and Technology under the project PEst-UID/EEA/00066/2013

Transport and Quantum Coherence in Graphene Rings: Aharonov-Bohm Oscillations, Klein Tunneling, and Particle Localization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Filusch, Alexander; Wurl, Christian; Pieper, Andreas; Fehske, Holger

2018-06-01

Simulating quantum transport through mesoscopic, ring-shaped graphene structures, we address various quantum coherence and interference phenomena. First, a perpendicular magnetic field, penetrating the graphene ring, gives rise to Aharonov-Bohm oscillations in the conductance as a function of the magnetic flux, on top of the universal conductance fluctuations. At very high fluxes, the interference gets suppressed and quantum Hall edge channels develop. Second, applying an electrostatic potential to one of the ring arms, nn'n- or npn-junctions can be realized with particle transmission due to normal tunneling or Klein tunneling. In the latter case, the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations weaken for smooth barriers. Third, if potential disorder comes in to play, both Aharonov-Bohm and Klein tunneling effects rate down, up to the point where particle localization sets in.

Towards an M5-brane model I: A 6d superconformal field theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sämann, Christian; Schmidt, Lennart

2018-04-01

We present an action for a six-dimensional superconformal field theory containing a non-abelian tensor multiplet. All of the ingredients of this action have been available in the literature. We bring these pieces together by choosing the string Lie 2-algebra as a gauge structure, which we motivated in previous work. The kinematical data contains a connection on a categorified principal bundle, which is the appropriate mathematical description of the parallel transport of self-dual strings. Our action can be written down for each of the simply laced Dynkin diagrams, and each case reduces to a four-dimensional supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with corresponding gauge Lie algebra. Our action also reduces nicely to an M2-brane model which is a deformation of the Aharony-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena (ABJM) model. While this action is certainly not the desired M5-brane model, we regard it as a key stepping stone towards a potential construction of the (2, 0)-theory.

Exciting gauge field and gravitons in brane-antibrane annihilation.

PubMed

Mazumdar, Anupam; Stoica, Horace

2009-03-06

In this Letter we point out the inevitability of an explosive production of gauge field and gravity wave during an open string tachyon condensation in a cosmological setting, in an effective field theory model. We will be particularly studying a toy model of brane-antibrane inflation in a warped throat where inflation ends via tachyon condensation. We point out that a tachyonic instability helps fragmenting the homogeneous tachyon and excites gauge field and contributes to the stress-energy tensor which also feeds into the gravity waves.

Solutions on a brane in a bulk spacetime with Kalb–Ramond field

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chakraborty, Sumanta, E-mail: sumanta@iucaa.in; SenGupta, Soumitra, E-mail: tpssg@iacs.res.in

Effective gravitational field equations on a brane have been derived, when the bulk spacetime is endowed with the second rank antisymmetric Kalb–Ramond field. Since both the graviton and the Kalb–Ramond field are closed string excitations, they can propagate in the bulk. After deriving the effective gravitational field equations on the brane, we solve them for a static spherically symmetric solution. It turns out that the solution so obtained represents a black hole or naked singularity depending on the parameter space of the model. The stability of this model is also discussed. Cosmological solutions to the gravitational field equations have beenmore » obtained, where the Kalb–Ramond field is found to behave as normal pressure free matter. For certain specific choices of the parameters in the cosmological solution, the solution exhibits a transition in the behaviour of the scale factor and hence a transition in the expansion history of the universe. The possibility of accelerated expansion of the universe in this scenario is also discussed.« less

Hierarchies from D-brane instantons in globally defined calabi-yau orientifolds

DOE PAGES

Cvetič, Mirjam; Weigand, Timo

2008-06-01

We construct the first globally consistent semi-realistic Type I string vacua on an elliptically fibered manifold where the zero modes of the Euclidean D1-instanton sector allow for the generation of non-perturbative Majorana masses of an intermediate scale. In another class of global models, a D1-brane instanton can generate a Polonyi-type superpotential breaking supersymmetry at an exponentially suppressed scale.

Unstable Mode Solutions to the Klein-Gordon Equation in Kerr-anti-de Sitter Spacetimes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dold, Dominic

2017-03-01

For any cosmological constant {Λ = -3/ℓ2 < 0} and any {α < 9/4}, we find a Kerr-AdS spacetime {({M}, g_{KAdS})}, in which the Klein-Gordon equation {Box_{g_{KAdS}}ψ + α/ℓ2ψ = 0} has an exponentially growing mode solution satisfying a Dirichlet boundary condition at infinity. The spacetime violates the Hawking-Reall bound {r+2 > |a|ℓ}. We obtain an analogous result for Neumann boundary conditions if {5/4 < α < 9/4}. Moreover, in the Dirichlet case, one can prove that, for any Kerr-AdS spacetime violating the Hawking-Reall bound, there exists an open family of masses {α} such that the corresponding Klein-Gordon equation permits exponentially growing mode solutions. Our result adopts methods of Shlapentokh-Rothman developed in (Commun. Math. Phys. 329:859-891, 2014) and provides the first rigorous construction of a superradiant instability for negative cosmological constant.

Global D-brane models with stabilised moduli and light axions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cicoli, Michele

2014-03-01

We review recent attempts to try to combine global issues of string compactifications, like moduli stabilisation, with local issues, like semi-realistic D-brane constructions. We list the main problems encountered, and outline a possible solution which allows globally consistent embeddings of chiral models. We also argue that this stabilisation mechanism leads to an axiverse. We finally illustrate our general claims in a concrete example where the Calabi-Yau manifold is explicitly described by toric geometry.

Klein tunneling in Weyl semimetals under the influence of magnetic field.

PubMed

Yesilyurt, Can; Tan, Seng Ghee; Liang, Gengchiau; Jalil, Mansoor B A

2016-12-12

Klein tunneling refers to the absence of normal backscattering of electrons even under the case of high potential barriers. At the barrier interface, the perfect matching of electron and hole wavefunctions enables a unit transmission probability for normally incident electrons. It is theoretically and experimentally well understood in two-dimensional relativistic materials such as graphene. Here we investigate the Klein tunneling effect in Weyl semimetals under the influence of magnetic field induced by ferromagnetic stripes placed at barrier boundaries. Our results show that the resonance of Fermi wave vector at specific barrier lengths gives rise to perfect transmission rings, i.e., three-dimensional analogue of the so-called magic transmission angles in two-dimensional Dirac semimetals. Besides, the transmission profile can be shifted by application of magnetic field in the central region, a property which may be utilized in electro-optic applications. When the applied potential is close to the Fermi level, a particular incident vector can be selected by tuning the magnetic field, thus enabling highly selective transmission of electrons in the bulk of Weyl semimetals. Our analytical and numerical calculations obtained by considering Dirac electrons in three regions and using experimentally feasible parameters can pave the way for relativistic tunneling applications in Weyl semimetals.

Non-equilibrium steady states in the Klein-Gordon theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Doyon, Benjamin; Lucas, Andrew; Schalm, Koenraad; Bhaseen, M. J.

2015-03-01

We construct non-equilibrium steady states in the Klein-Gordon theory in arbitrary space dimension d following a local quench. We consider the approach where two independently thermalized semi-infinite systems, with temperatures {{T}L} and {{T}R}, are connected along a d-1-dimensional hypersurface. A current-carrying steady state, described by thermally distributed modes with temperatures {{T}L} and {{T}R} for left and right-moving modes, respectively, emerges at late times. The non-equilibrium density matrix is the exponential of a non-local conserved charge. We obtain exact results for the average energy current and the complete distribution of energy current fluctuations. The latter shows that the long-time energy transfer can be described by a continuum of independent Poisson processes, for which we provide the exact weights. We further describe the full time evolution of local observables following the quench. Averages of generic local observables, including the stress-energy tensor, approach the steady state with a power-law in time, where the exponent depends on the initial conditions at the connection hypersurface. We describe boundary conditions and special operators for which the steady state is reached instantaneously on the connection hypersurface. A semiclassical analysis of freely propagating modes yields the average energy current at large distances and late times. We conclude by comparing and contrasting our findings with results for interacting theories and provide an estimate for the timescale governing the crossover to hydrodynamics. As a modification of our Klein-Gordon analysis we also include exact results for free Dirac fermions.

Familial Kleine-Levin Syndrome: A Specific Entity?

PubMed Central

Nguyen, Quang Tuan Remy; Groos, Elisabeth; Leclair-Visonneau, Laurène; Monaca-Charley, Christelle; Rico, Tom; Farber, Neal; Mignot, Emmanuel; Arnulf, Isabelle

2016-01-01

Study Objectives: Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare, mostly sporadic disorder, characterized by intermittent episodes of hypersomnia plus cognitive and behavior disorders. Although its cause is unknown, multiplex families have been described. We contrasted the clinical and biological features of familial versus sporadic KLS. Methods: Two samples of patients with KLS from the United States and France (n = 260) were studied using clinical interviews and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping. A multiplex family contained two or more first- or second-degree affected relatives (familial cases). Results: Twenty-one patients from 10 multiplex families (siblings: n = 12, including two pairs of monozygotic twins; parent-child: n = 4; cousins: n = 2; uncle-nephews: n = 3) and 239 patients with sporadic KLS were identified, yielding to 4% multiplex families and 8% familial cases. The simplex and multiplex families did not differ for autoimmune, neurological, and psychiatric disorders. Age, sex ratio, ethnicity, HLA typing, karyotyping, disease course, frequency, and duration of KLS episodes did not differ between groups. Episodes were less frequent in familial versus sporadic KLS (2.3 ± 1.8/y versus 3.8 ± 3.7/y, P = 0.004). Menses triggered more frequently KLS onset in the nine girls with familial KLS (relative risk, RR = 4.12, P = 0.03), but not subsequent episodes. Familial cases had less disinhibited speech (RR = 3.44, P = 0.049), less combined hypophagia/hyperphagia (RR = 4.38, P = 0.006), more abrupt termination of episodes (RR = 1.45, P = 0.04) and less postepisode insomnia (RR = 2.16, P = 0.008). There was similar HLA DQB1 distribution in familial versus sporadic cases and no abnormal karyotypes. Conclusion: Familial KLS is mostly present in the same generation, and is clinically similar to but slightly less severe than sporadic KLS. Citation: Nguyen QT, Groos E, Leclair-Visonneau L, Monaca-Charley C, Rico T, Farber N, Mignot E, Arnulf I. Familial Kleine

Long-Term Cognitive Impairment in Kleine-Levin Syndrome

PubMed Central

Uguccioni, Ginevra; Lavault, Sophie; Chaumereuil, Charlotte; Golmard, Jean-Louis; Gagnon, Jean-François; Arnulf, Isabelle

2016-01-01

Study Objectives: In Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS), episodes of hypersomnia, cognitive, and behavioral disturbances alternate with asymptomatic periods. Because 50% of patients report decreased academic performances, we evaluated their cognitive status during asymptomatic periods, determinants of deficits, and changes during follow-up. Methods: The cognitive assessment during asymptomatic periods in all consecutive patients with typical KLS and healthy controls included the non-verbal intelligence quotient (Raven Progressive Matrices), the Trail Making Test, the Stroop Color-Word Test, the Wechsler Memory Test, verbal fluencies, the Free and Cued Learning Memory Test, and the Rey-Osterreith Complex Figure. Cognitive status was reevaluated after 0.5 to 2 y in 44 patients. Results: At baseline, compared with the 42 controls, the 122 patients with KLS exhibited lower non-verbal intelligence quotient, speed of processing, attention, and reduced retrieval strategies in episodic memory. Higher episode frequency, shorter episode duration, shorter time since last episode, deeper sleep, and megaphagia during episodes predicted impaired memory. The visuoconstructional abilities and non-verbal memory were intact. After a mean follow-up of 1.7 ± 1.0 y, the episode frequency decreased from 4.6 ± 4.8 to 1.7 ± 1.9/y. The logical reasoning and attention improved, the processing speed remained low, and the retrieval strategies in verbal memory further worsened. Conclusions: In this field study, one-third of patients with KLS have long-term cognitive deficits affecting retrieval and processing speed. Cognitive function should be systematically tested in patients with KLS, which appears important to help patients in their academic studies. Citation: Uguccioni G, Lavault S, Chaumereuil C, Golmard JL, Gagnon JF, Arnulf I. Long-term cognitive impairment in kleine-levin syndrome. SLEEP 2016;39(2):429–438. PMID:26414895

Black hole thermalization, D0 brane dynamics, and emergent spacetime

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Riggins, Paul; Sahakian, Vatche

2012-08-01

When matter falls past the horizon of a large black hole, the expectation from string theory is that the configuration thermalizes and the information in the probe is rather quickly scrambled away. The traditional view of a classical unique spacetime near a black hole horizon conflicts with this picture. The question then arises as to what spacetime does the probe actually see as it crosses a horizon, and how does the background geometry imprint its signature onto the thermal properties of the probe. In this work, we explore these questions through an extensive series of numerical simulations of D0 branes. We determine that the D0 branes quickly settle into an incompressible symmetric state—thermalized within a few oscillations through a process driven entirely by internal nonlinear dynamics. Surprisingly, thermal background fluctuations play no role in this mechanism. Signatures of the background fields in this thermal state arise either through fluxes, i.e. black hole hair; or if the probe expands to the size of the horizon—which we see evidence of. We determine simple scaling relations for the D0 branes’ equilibrium size, time to thermalize, lifetime, and temperature in terms of their number, initial energy, and the background fields. Our results are consistent with the conjecture that black holes are the fastest scramblers as seen by matrix theory.

Uganda: The Challenge of Growth and Poverty Reduction. A World Bank Country Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

World Bank, Washington, DC.

This report examines the outcomes of economic reform in Uganda and defines issues that Uganda must address in medium- and long-term strategies for poverty reduction. With a per capita income of approximately $220, Uganda is one of the poorest countries in the world. Its economy and social indicators bear the marks of nearly 15 years of political…

Dual formulation of covariant nonlinear duality-symmetric action of kappa-symmetric D3-brane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vanichchapongjaroen, Pichet

2018-02-01

We study the construction of covariant nonlinear duality-symmetric actions in dual formulation. Essentially, the construction is the PST-covariantisation and nonlinearisation of Zwanziger action. The covariantisation made use of three auxiliary scalar fields. Apart from these, the construction proceed in a similar way to that of the standard formulation. For example, the theories can be extended to include interactions with external fields, and that the theories possess two local PST symmetries. We then explicitly demonstrate the construction of covariant nonlinear duality-symmetric actions in dual formulation of DBI theory, and D3-brane. For each of these theories, the twisted selfduality condition obtained from duality-symmetric actions are explicitly shown to match with the duality relation between field strength and its dual from the one-potential actions. Their on-shell actions between the duality-symmetric and the one-potential versions are also shown to match. We also explicitly prove kappa-symmetry of the covariant nonlinear duality-symmetric D3-brane action in dual formulation.

Nanogravity gradiometer based on a sharp optical nonlinearity in a levitated particle optomechanical system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Jian; Zhu, Ka-Di

2017-02-01

In the present paper, we provide a scheme to probe the gradient of gravity at the nanoscale in a levitated nanomechanical resonator coupled to a cavity via two-field optical control. The enhanced sharp peak on the probe spectrum will suffer a distinct shift with the nonuniform force being taken into consideration. The nonlinear optics with very narrow bandwidth (10-8 Hz ) resulting from the extremely high-quality factor will lead to a superresolution of 10-20 N /m for the measurement of gravity gradient. The improved sensitivity may offer new opportunities for detecting Yukawa moduli forces and Kaluza-Klein gravitons in extra dimensions.

Born again universe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Graham, Peter W.; Kaplan, David E.; Rajendran, Surjeet

2018-02-01

We present a class of nonsingular, bouncing cosmologies that evade singularity theorems through the use of vorticity in compact extra dimensions. The vorticity combats the focusing of geodesics during the contracting phase. The construction requires fluids that violate the null energy condition (NEC) in the compact dimensions, where they can be provided by known stable NEC violating sources such as Casimir energy. The four dimensional effective theory contains an NEC violating fluid of Kaluza-Klein excitations of the higher dimensional metric. These spacetime metrics could potentially allow dynamical relaxation to solve the cosmological constant problem. These ideas can also be used to support traversable Lorentzian wormholes.

LHC collider phenomenology of minimal universal extra dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beuria, Jyotiranjan; Datta, AseshKrishna; Debnath, Dipsikha; Matchev, Konstantin T.

2018-05-01

We discuss the collider phenomenology of the model of Minimal Universal Extra Dimensions (MUED) at the Large hadron Collider (LHC). We derive analytical results for all relevant strong pair-production processes of two level 1 Kaluza-Klein partners and use them to validate and correct the existing MUED implementation in the fortran version of the PYTHIA event generator. We also develop a new implementation of the model in the C++ version of PYTHIA. We use our implementations in conjunction with the CHECKMATE package to derive the LHC bounds on MUED from a large number of published experimental analyses from Run 1 at the LHC.

Conformal and projective symmetries in Newtonian cosmology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duval, C.; Gibbons, G. W.; Horváthy, P. A.

2017-02-01

Definitions of non-relativistic conformal transformations are considered both in the Newton-Cartan and in the Kaluza-Klein-type Eisenhart/Bargmann geometrical frameworks. The symmetry groups that come into play are exemplified by the cosmological, and also the Newton-Hooke solutions of Newton's gravitational field equations. It is shown, in particular, that the maximal symmetry group of the standard cosmological model is isomorphic to the 13-dimensional conformal-Newton-Cartan group whose conformal-Bargmann extension is explicitly worked out. Attention is drawn to the appearance of independent space and time dilations, in contrast with the Schrödinger group or the Conformal Galilei Algebra.

Dark solitons, D-branes and noncommutative tachyon field theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Giaccari, Stefano; Nian, Jun

2017-11-01

In this paper we discuss the boson/vortex duality by mapping the (3+1)D Gross-Pitaevskii theory into an effective string theory in the presence of boundaries. Via the effective string theory, we find the Seiberg-Witten map between the commutative and the noncommutative tachyon field theories, and consequently identify their soliton solutions with D-branes in the effective string theory. We perform various checks of the duality map and the identification of soliton solutions. This new insight between the Gross-Pitaevskii theory and the effective string theory explains the similarity of these two systems at quantitative level.

A black hole quartet: New solutions and applications to string theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Padi, Megha

In this thesis, we study a zoo of black hole solutions which help us connect string theory to the universe we live in. The intuition for how to attack fundamental problems can often be found in a toy model. In Chapter 2, we show that three-dimensional topologically massive gravity with a negative cosmological constant -ℓ -2 and coupling constant has "warped AdS3" solutions with SL(2, R ) x U(1) isometry. For muℓ > 3, we show that certain discrete quotients of warped AdS3 lead to black holes. Their thermodynamics is consistent with the existence of a holographic dual CFT with central charges cR = 15mℓ 2+81Gmm ℓ2+27 and cL = 12mℓ 2Gmm ℓ2+27 . The entropy of many supersymmetric black holes have been accounted for, but more realistic non-supersymmetric black holes have been largely overlooked. In Chapter 3, we derive new single-centered and multi-centered non-BPS black hole solutions for several four dimensional models which, after Kaluza-Klein reduction, admit a description in terms of a sigma model with symmetric target space. In particular, we provide the exact solution with generic charges and asymptotic moduli in N=2 supergravity coupled to one vector multiplet. As it stands, the current formulation of string theory allows for an extremely large number of possible solutions (or vacua). We first analyze this landscape by looking for universal characteristics. In Chapter 4, we provide evidence for the conjecture that gravity is always the weakest force in any string compactification. We show that, in several examples arising in string theory, higher-derivative corrections always make extremal non-supersymmetric black holes lighter than the classical bound M/Q = 1. In Chapter 5, we construct novel black hole bound states, called orientiholes, that are T-dual to IIB orientifold compactifications. The gravitational entropy of such orientiholes provides an "experimental" estimate of the number of vacua in various sectors of the IIB landscape. Furthermore

Extending the Standard Model with Confining and Conformal Dynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McRaven, John Emory

This dissertation will provide a survey of models that involve extending the standard model with confining and conformal dynamics. We will study a series of models, describe them in detail, outline their phenomenology, and provide some search strategies for finding them. The Gaugephobic Higgs model provides an interpolation between three different models of electroweak symmetry breaking: Higgsless models, Randall-Sundrum models, and the Standard Model. At parameter points between the extremes, Standard Model Higgs signals are present at reduced rates, and Higgsless Kaluza-Klein excitations are present with shifted masses and couplings, as well as signals from exotic quarks necessary to protect the Zbb coupling. Using a new implementation of the model in SHERPA, we show the LHC signals which differentiate the generic Gaugephobic Higgs model from its limiting cases. These are all signals involving a Higgs coupling to a Kaluza-Klein gauge boson or quark. We identify the clean signal pp → W (i) → WH mediated by a Kaluza-Klein W, which can be present at large rates and is enhanced for even Kaluza-Klein numbers. Due to the very hard lepton coming from the W+/- decay, this signature has little background, and provides a better discovery channel for the Higgs than any of the Standard Model modes, over its entire mass range. A Higgs radiated from new heavy quarks also has large rates, but is much less promising due to very high multiplicity final states. The AdS/CFT conjectures a relation between Extra Dimensional models in AdS5 space, such as the Gaugephobic Higgs Model, and 4D Conformal Field theories. The notion of conformality has found its way into several phenomenological models for TeV-scale physics extending the standard model. We proceed to explore the phenomenology of a new heavy quark that transforms under a hidden strongly coupled conformal gauge group in addition to transforming under QCD. This object would form states similar to R-Hadrons. The heavy state

Witten Effect and Fractional Charges on the Domain Wall and the D-Brane-Like Dot

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kanazawa, I.; Maeda, R.

2018-04-01

We have discussed the anomalous excitations such as dyons, Majorana fermions, and quark-like fermions on the domain wall in topological materials and the D-brane-like dot, and the relation to low-energy hadrons in QCD, from the viewpoint of a field-theoretical formula.

Classification of the Lie and Noether point symmetries for the Wave and the Klein-Gordon equations in pp-wave spacetimes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paliathanasis, A.; Tsamparlis, M.; Mustafa, M. T.

2018-02-01

A complete classification of the Lie and Noether point symmetries for the Klein-Gordon and the wave equation in pp-wave spacetimes is obtained. The classification analysis is carried out by reducing the problem of the determination of the point symmetries to the problem of existence of conformal killing vectors on the pp-wave spacetimes. Employing the existing results for the isometry classes of the pp-wave spacetimes, the functional form of the potential is determined for which the Klein-Gordon equation admits point symmetries and Noetherian conservation law. Finally the Lie and Noether point symmetries of the wave equation are derived.

Hadamard Property of the in and out States for Klein-Gordon Fields on Asymptotically Static Spacetimes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gérard, Christian; Wrochna, Michał

2017-08-01

We consider the massive Klein-Gordon equation on a class of asymptotically static spacetimes (in the long range sense) with Cauchy surface of bounded geometry. We prove the existence and Hadamard property of the in and out states constructed by scattering theory methods.

The XRD Amorphous Component in John Klein Drill Fines at Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater, Mars

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morris, Richard V.; Ming,, Douglas W.; Blake, David; Vaniman, David; Bish, David L; Chipera, Steve; Downs, Robert; Morrison, Shaunna; Gellert, Ralf; Campbell, Iain;

Symmetric and arbitrarily high-order Birkhoff-Hermite time integrators and their long-time behaviour for solving nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Changying; Iserles, Arieh; Wu, Xinyuan

2018-03-01

The Klein-Gordon equation with nonlinear potential occurs in a wide range of application areas in science and engineering. Its computation represents a major challenge. The main theme of this paper is the construction of symmetric and arbitrarily high-order time integrators for the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation by integrating Birkhoff-Hermite interpolation polynomials. To this end, under the assumption of periodic boundary conditions, we begin with the formulation of the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation as an abstract second-order ordinary differential equation (ODE) and its operator-variation-of-constants formula. We then derive a symmetric and arbitrarily high-order Birkhoff-Hermite time integration formula for the nonlinear abstract ODE. Accordingly, the stability, convergence and long-time behaviour are rigorously analysed once the spatial differential operator is approximated by an appropriate positive semi-definite matrix, subject to suitable temporal and spatial smoothness. A remarkable characteristic of this new approach is that the requirement of temporal smoothness is reduced compared with the traditional numerical methods for PDEs in the literature. Numerical results demonstrate the advantage and efficiency of our time integrators in comparison with the existing numerical approaches.

D2-brane as the wormhole and the number of the universes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gusin, Paweł

2016-02-01

We construct wormhole-like solutions in type IIA string theory. These solutions represent wormholes in four dimensions and are given by the D2-branes within appropriated backgrounds fields. We present the conditions on these fields which lead to the four-dimensional wormholes. In the special case, we show how the particular solution in type IIA theory leads to the dynamic wormhole. We also speculate about the number of universes and the cosmological constant.

Arbitrarily high-order time-stepping schemes based on the operator spectrum theory for high-dimensional nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Changying; Wu, Xinyuan

2017-07-01

In this paper we explore arbitrarily high-order Lagrange collocation-type time-stepping schemes for effectively solving high-dimensional nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations with different boundary conditions. We begin with one-dimensional periodic boundary problems and first formulate an abstract ordinary differential equation (ODE) on a suitable infinity-dimensional function space based on the operator spectrum theory. We then introduce an operator-variation-of-constants formula which is essential for the derivation of our arbitrarily high-order Lagrange collocation-type time-stepping schemes for the nonlinear abstract ODE. The nonlinear stability and convergence are rigorously analysed once the spatial differential operator is approximated by an appropriate positive semi-definite matrix under some suitable smoothness assumptions. With regard to the two dimensional Dirichlet or Neumann boundary problems, our new time-stepping schemes coupled with discrete Fast Sine / Cosine Transformation can be applied to simulate the two-dimensional nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations effectively. All essential features of the methodology are present in one-dimensional and two-dimensional cases, although the schemes to be analysed lend themselves with equal to higher-dimensional case. The numerical simulation is implemented and the numerical results clearly demonstrate the advantage and effectiveness of our new schemes in comparison with the existing numerical methods for solving nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations in the literature.

String Theory Methods for Condensed Matter Physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nastase, Horatiu

2017-09-01

Preface; Acknowledgments; Introduction; Part I. Condensed Matter Models and Problems: 1. Lightning review of statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, phases and phase transitions; 2. Magnetism in solids; 3. Electrons in solids: Fermi gas vs. Fermi liquid; 4. Bosonic quasi-particles: phonons and plasmons; 5. Spin-charge separation in 1+1 dimensional solids: spinons and holons; 6. The Ising model and the Heisenberg spin chain; 7. Spin chains and integrable systems; 8. The thermodynamic Bethe ansatz; 9. Conformal field theories and quantum phase transitions; 10. Classical vs. quantum Hall effect; 11. Superconductivity: Landau-Ginzburg, London and BCS; 12. Topology and statistics: Berry and Chern-Simons, anyons and nonabelions; 13. Insulators; 14. The Kondo effect and the Kondo problem; 15. Hydrodynamics and transport properties: from Boltzmann to Navier-Stokes; Part II. Elements of General Relativity and String Theory: 16. The Einstein equation and the Schwarzschild solution; 17. The Reissner-Nordstrom and Kerr-Newman solutions and thermodynamic properties of black holes; 18. Extra dimensions and Kaluza-Klein; 19. Electromagnetism and gravity in various dimensions. Consistent truncations; 20. Gravity plus matter: black holes and p-branes in various dimensions; 21. Weak/strong coupling dualities in 1+1, 2+1, 3+1 and d+1 dimensions; 22. The relativistic point particle and the relativistic string; 23. Lightcone strings and quantization; 24. D-branes and gauge fields; 25. Electromagnetic fields on D-branes. Supersymmetry and N = 4 SYM. T-duality of closed strings; 26. Dualities and M theory; 27. The AdS/CFT correspondence: definition and motivation; Part III. Applying String Theory to Condensed Matter Problems: 28. The pp wave correspondence: string Hamiltonian from N = 4 SYM; 29. Spin chains from N = 4 SYM; 30. The Bethe ansatz: Bethe strings from classical strings in AdS; 31. Integrability and AdS/CFT; 32. AdS/CFT phenomenology: Lifshitz, Galilean and Schrodinger

[The difficult concept of "internal objects" (1934-1943). Its significance for the formation of the Klein group].

PubMed

Hinshelwood, R D

1996-06-01

Although the concept of "inner objects" developed by Melanie Klein is hardly a major object of discussion today, it caused a furore in the ranks of the British Psychoanalytical Society in the thirties and forties. Notably the analysts from Vienna were unable to agree to the existence of inner objects engendered via processes of internalisation. The author traces the course of these discussions of a clinical problem and the confusion they caused, placing them at the same time in a specific historical context. He sees the controversy as the expression of conflicts and fears unsettling the British Psychoanalytical Society during that period, caused on the one hand by the necessary integration of the exiled Freud family and on the other by tensions within its own ranks leading ultimately to a division of the Society and the constitution of the Klein Group.

Higher dimensional Taub-NUT spaces and applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stelea, Cristian Ionut

In the first part of this thesis we discuss classes of new exact NUT-charged solutions in four dimensions and higher, while in the remainder of the thesis we make a study of their properties and their possible applications. Specifically, in four dimensions we construct new families of axisymmetric vacuum solutions using a solution-generating technique based on the hidden SL(2,R) symmetry of the effective action. In particular, using the Schwarzschild solution as a seed we obtain the Zipoy-Voorhees generalisation of the Taub-NUT solution and of the Eguchi-Hanson soliton. Using the C-metric as a seed, we obtain and study the accelerating versions of all the above solutions. In higher dimensions we present new classes of NUT-charged spaces, generalising the previously known even-dimensional solutions to odd and even dimensions, as well as to spaces with multiple NUT-parameters. We also find the most general form of the odd-dimensional Eguchi-Hanson solitons. We use such solutions to investigate the thermodynamic properties of NUT-charged spaces in (A)dS backgrounds. These have been shown to yield counter-examples to some of the conjectures advanced in the still elusive dS/CFT paradigm (such as the maximal mass conjecture and Bousso's entropic N-bound). One important application of NUT-charged spaces is to construct higher dimensional generalisations of Kaluza-Klein magnetic monopoles, generalising the known 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein soliton. Another interesting application involves a study of time-dependent higher-dimensional bubbles-of-nothing generated from NUT-charged solutions. We use them to test the AdS/CFT conjecture as well as to generate, by using stringy Hopf-dualities, new interesting time-dependent solutions in string theory. Finally, we construct and study new NUT-charged solutions in higher-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theories, generalising the known Reissner-Nordstrom solutions.

Statistical aspects of the Klein-Gordon oscillator in the frame work of GUP

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khosropour, B.

2018-01-01

Investigation in perturbative string theory and quantum gravity suggest that there is a measurable minimal length in nature. In this work, according to generalized uncertainty principle, we study the statistical characteristics of Klein-Gordon Oscillator (KLO). The modified energy spectrum of the KLO are obtained. The generalized thermodynamical quantities of the KLO such as partition function, mean energy and entropy are calculated by using the modified energy spectrum.

Hyperbolic cooling of graphene Zener-Klein transistors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Wei; Berthou, Simon; Lu, Xiaobo; Baudin, Emmanuel; Wilmart, Quentin; Denis, Anne; Rosticher, Michael; Taniguchi, Takashi; Watanabe, Kenji; Feve, Gwendal; Berroir, Jean-Marc; Zhang, Guangyu; Voisin, Christophe; Placais, Bernard

Engineering of cooling mechanisms is a bottleneck in nanoelectroniscs. In graphene/hBN transistors, Wiedemann-Frantz cooling and supercollision-cooling prevails, and the latter is suppressed in high mobility graphene/hBN samples and substituted by the super-Planckian radiation of hyperbolic phonon-polaritons (HPPs) in the hBN substrate. Using electrical Joule heating and sensitive noise thermometry in several GHz range we report on prevailing HPP cooling in the upper Reststrahlen-band of hBN at high bias. We predict and observe its activation threshold, along with interband Zener-Klein tunneling. HPP cooling is able to evacuate at least several GW/m2 to the bottom gate, resulting in an unusual clipping of electronic temperature. As a scattering counterpart, HPPs of the lower Reststrahlen-band control current saturation at high doping. The combination of both mechanisms promotes graphene/hBN as a valuable nanotechnology for applications in the high power devices and radio frequency electronics.

Towards multi-field D-brane inflation in a warped throat

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen, Heng-Yu; Gong, Jinn-Ouk; Koyama, Kazuya

2010-11-01

We study the inflationary dynamics in a model of slow-roll inflation in warped throat. Inflation is realized by the motion of a D-brane along the radial direction of the throat, and at later stages instabilities develop in the angular directions. We closely investigate both the single field potential relevant for the slow-roll phase, and the full multi-field one including the angular modes which becomes important at later stages. We study the main features of the instability process, discussing its possible consequences and identifying the vacua towards which the angular modes are driven.

Quantum Gravitational Corrections to the Real Klein-Gordon Field in the Presence of a Minimal Length

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moayedi, S. K.; Setare, M. R.; Moayeri, H.

2010-09-01

The ( D+1)-dimensional ( β, β')-two-parameter Lorentz-covariant deformed algebra introduced by Quesne and Tkachuk (J. Phys., A Math. Gen. 39, 10909, 2006), leads to a nonzero minimal uncertainty in position (minimal length). The Klein-Gordon equation in a (3+1)-dimensional space-time described by Quesne-Tkachuk Lorentz-covariant deformed algebra is studied in the case where β'=2 β up to first order over deformation parameter β. It is shown that the modified Klein-Gordon equation which contains fourth-order derivative of the wave function describes two massive particles with different masses. We have shown that physically acceptable mass states can only exist for β<1/8m^{2c2} which leads to an isotropic minimal length in the interval 10-17 m<(Δ X i )0<10-15 m. Finally, we have shown that the above estimation of minimal length is in good agreement with the results obtained in previous investigations.

Gamma Rays from the Galactic Bulge and Large Extra Dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cassé, Michel; Paul, Jacques; Bertone, Gianfranco; Sigl, Günter

2004-03-01

An intriguing feature of extra dimensions is the possible production of Kaluza Klein gravitons by nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung, in the course of core collapse of massive stars, with gravitons then being trapped around the newly born neutron stars and decaying into two gamma rays, making neu­tron stars gamma-ray sources. We strengthen the limits on the radius of compactification of extra dimensions for a small number n of them, or alternatively the fundamental scale of quantum gravity, considering the gamma-ray emission of the whole population of neutron stars sitting in the Galactic bulge, instead of the closest member of this category. For n=1 the constraint on the compactification radius is R<400 μm.

String theory and aspects of higher dimensional gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Copsey, Keith

2007-05-01

String theory generically requires that there are more than the four dimensions easily observable. It has become clear in recent years that gravity in more than four dimensions presents qualitative new features and this thesis is dedicated to exploring some of these phenomena. I discuss the thermodynamics of new types of black holes with new types of charges and study aspects of the AdS-CFT correspondence dual to gravitational phenomena unique to higher dimensions. I further describe the construction of a broad new class of solutions in more than four dimensions containing dynamical minimal spheres ("bubbles of nothing") in asymptotically flat and AdS space without any asymptotic Kaluza-Klein direction.

Revisiting the ADT mass of the five-dimensional rotating black holes with squashed horizons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peng, Jun-Jin

2017-10-01

We evaluate the Abbott-Deser-Tekin (ADT) mass of the five-dimensional rotating black holes with squashed horizons on two different on-shell reference backgrounds, which are the flat background and the boundary matched Kaluza-Klein (KK) monopole. The mass on the former, identified with the one on the background of the asymptotic geometry, differs from the mass on the latter by that of the KK monopole. However, each mass satisfies the first law of black hole thermodynamics. To test the results in five dimensions, we compute the mass in the context of the dimensionally reduced theory. Finally, in contrast with the original ADT formulation, its off-shell generalisation is applied to calculate the mass as well.

Search for high-mass resonances decaying to dimuons at CDF.

PubMed

Aaltonen, T; Adelman, J; Akimoto, T; Alvarez González, B; Amerio, S; Amidei, D; Anastassov, A; Annovi, A; Antos, J; Apollinari, G; Apresyan, A; Arisawa, T; Artikov, A; Ashmanskas, W; Attal, A; Aurisano, A; Azfar, F; Azzurri, P; Badgett, W; Barbaro-Galtieri, A; Barnes, V E; Barnett, B A; Bartsch, V; Bauer, G; Beauchemin, P-H; Bedeschi, F; Beecher, D; Behari, S; Bellettini, G; Bellinger, J; Benjamin, D; Beretvas, A; Beringer, J; Bhatti, A; Binkley, M; Bisello, D; Bizjak, I; Blair, R E; Blocker, C; Blumenfeld, B; Bocci, A; Bodek, A; Boisvert, V; Bolla, G; Bortoletto, D; Boudreau, J; Boveia, A; Brau, B; Bridgeman, A; Brigliadori, L; Bromberg, C; Brubaker, E; Budagov, J; Budd, H S; Budd, S; Burke, S; Burkett, K; Busetto, G; Bussey, P; Buzatu, A; Byrum, K L; Cabrera, S; Calancha, C; Campanelli, M; Campbell, M; Canelli, F; Canepa, A; Carls, B; Carlsmith, D; Carosi, R; Carrillo, S; Carron, S; Casal, B; Casarsa, M; Castro, A; Catastini, P; Cauz, D; Cavaliere, V; Cavalli-Sforza, M; Cerri, A; Cerrito, L; Chang, S H; Chen, Y C; Chertok, M; Chiarelli, G; Chlachidze, G; Chlebana, F; Cho, K; Chokheli, D; Chou, J P; Choudalakis, G; Chuang, S H; Chung, K; Chung, W H; Chung, Y S; Chwalek, T; Ciobanu, C I; Ciocci, M A; Clark, A; Clark, D; Compostella, G; Convery, M E; Conway, J; Cordelli, M; Cortiana, G; Cox, C A; Cox, D J; Crescioli, F; Cuenca Almenar, C; Cuevas, J; Culbertson, R; Cully, J C; Dagenhart, D; Datta, M; Davies, T; de Barbaro, P; De Cecco, S; Deisher, A; De Lorenzo, G; Dell'Orso, M; Deluca, C; Demortier, L; Deng, J; Deninno, M; Derwent, P F; di Giovanni, G P; Dionisi, C; Di Ruzza, B; Dittmann, J R; D'Onofrio, M; Donati, S; Dong, P; Donini, J; Dorigo, T; Dube, S; Efron, J; Elagin, A; Erbacher, R; Errede, D; Errede, S; Eusebi, R; Fang, H C; Farrington, S; Fedorko, W T; Feild, R G; Feindt, M; Fernandez, J P; Ferrazza, C; Field, R; Flanagan, G; Forrest, R; Frank, M J; Franklin, M; Freeman, J C; Furic, I; Gallinaro, M; Galyardt, J; Garberson, F; Garcia, J E; Garfinkel, A F; Genser, K; Gerberich, H; Gerdes, D; Gessler, A; Giagu, S; Giakoumopoulou, V; Giannetti, P; Gibson, K; Gimmell, J L; Ginsburg, C M; Giokaris, N; Giordani, M; Giromini, P; Giunta, M; Giurgiu, G; Glagolev, V; Glenzinski, D; Gold, M; Goldschmidt, N; Golossanov, A; Gomez, G; Gomez-Ceballos, G; Goncharov, M; González, O; Gorelov, I; Goshaw, A T; Goulianos, K; Gresele, A; Grinstein, S; Grosso-Pilcher, C; Grundler, U; Guimaraes da Costa, J; Gunay-Unalan, Z; Haber, C; Hahn, K; Hahn, S R; Halkiadakis, E; Han, B-Y; Han, J Y; Happacher, F; Hara, K; Hare, D; Hare, M; Harper, S; Harr, R F; Harris, R M; Hartz, M; Hatakeyama, K; Hays, C; Heck, M; Heijboer, A; Heinrich, J; Henderson, C; Herndon, M; Heuser, J; Hewamanage, S; Hidas, D; Hill, C S; Hirschbuehl, D; Hocker, A; Hou, S; Houlden, M; Hsu, S-C; Huffman, B T; Hughes, R E; Husemann, U; Hussein, M; Husemann, U; Huston, J; Incandela, J; Introzzi, G; Iori, M; Ivanov, A; James, E; Jayatilaka, B; Jeon, E J; Jha, M K; Jindariani, S; Johnson, W; Jones, M; Joo, K K; Jun, S Y; Jung, J E; Junk, T R; Kamon, T; Kar, D; Karchin, P E; Kato, Y; Kephart, R; Keung, J; Khotilovich, V; Kilminster, B; Kim, D H; Kim, H S; Kim, H W; Kim, J E; Kim, M J; Kim, S B; Kim, S H; Kim, Y K; Kimura, N; Kirsch, L; Klimenko, S; Knuteson, B; Ko, B R; Kondo, K; Kong, D J; Konigsberg, J; Korytov, A; Kotwal, A V; Kreps, M; Kroll, J; Krop, D; Krumnack, N; Kruse, M; Krutelyov, V; Kubo, T; Kuhr, T; Kulkarni, N P; Kurata, M; Kwang, S; Laasanen, A T; Lami, S; Lammel, S; Lancaster, M; Lander, R L; Lannon, K; Lath, A; Latino, G; Lazzizzera, I; LeCompte, T; Lee, E; Lee, H S; Lee, S W; Leone, S; Lewis, J D; Lin, C-S; Linacre, J; Lindgren, M; Lipeles, E; Lister, A; Litvintsev, D O; Liu, C; Liu, T; Lockyer, N S; Loginov, A; Loreti, M; Lovas, L; Lucchesi, D; Luci, C; Lueck, J; Lujan, P; Lukens, P; Lungu, G; Lyons, L; Lys, J; Lysak, R; MacQueen, D; Madrak, R; Maeshima, K; Makhoul, K; Maki, T; Maksimovic, P; Malde, S; Malik, S; Manca, G; Manousakis-Katsikakis, A; Margaroli, F; Marino, C; Marino, C P; Martin, A; Martin, V; Martínez, M; Martínez-Ballarín, R; Maruyama, T; Mastrandrea, P; Masubuchi, T; Mathis, M; Mattson, M E; Mazzanti, P; McFarland, K S; McIntyre, P; McNulty, R; Mehta, A; Mehtala, P; Menzione, A; Merkel, P; Mesropian, C; Miao, T; Miladinovic, N; Miller, R; Mills, C; Milnik, M; Mitra, A; Mitselmakher, G; Miyake, H; Moggi, N; Moon, C S; Moore, R; Morello, M J; Morlok, J; Movilla Fernandez, P; Mülmenstädt, J; Mukherjee, A; Muller, Th; Mumford, R; Murat, P; Mussini, M; Nachtman, J; Nagai, Y; Nagano, A; Naganoma, J; Nakamura, K; Nakano, I; Napier, A; Necula, V; Nett, J; Neu, C; Neubauer, M S; Neubauer, S; Nielsen, J; Nodulman, L; Norman, M; Norniella, O; Nurse, E; Oakes, L; Oh, S H; Oh, Y D; Oksuzian, I; Okusawa, T; Orava, R; Pagan Griso, S; Palencia, E; Papadimitriou, V; Papaikonomou, A; Paramonov, A A; Parks, B; Pashapour, S; Patrick, J; Pauletta, G; Paulini, M; Paus, C; Peiffer, T; Pellett, D E; Penzo, A; Phillips, T J; Piacentino, G; Pianori, E; Pinera, L; Pitts, K; Plager, C; Pondrom, L; Poukhov, O; Pounder, N; Prakoshyn, F; Pronko, A; Proudfoot, J; Ptohos, F; Pueschel, E; Punzi, G; Pursley, J; Rademacker, J; Rahaman, A; Ramakrishnan, V; Ranjan, N; Redondo, I; Renton, P; Renz, M; Rescigno, M; Richter, S; Rimondi, F; Ristori, L; Robson, A; Rodrigo, T; Rodriguez, T; Rogers, E; Rolli, S; Roser, R; Rossi, M; Rossin, R; Roy, P; Ruiz, A; Russ, J; Rusu, V; Safonov, A; Sakumoto, W K; Saltó, O; Santi, L; Sarkar, S; Sartori, L; Sato, K; Savoy-Navarro, A; Schlabach, P; Schmidt, A; Schmidt, E E; Schmidt, M A; Schmidt, M P; Schmitt, M; Schwarz, T; Scodellaro, L; Scribano, A; Scuri, F; Sedov, A; Seidel, S; Seiya, Y; Semenov, A; Sexton-Kennedy, L; Sforza, F; Sfyrla, A; Shalhout, S Z; Shears, T; Shepard, P F; Shimojima, M; Shiraishi, S; Shochet, M; Shon, Y; Shreyber, I; Sidoti, A; Sinervo, P; Sisakyan, A; Slaughter, A J; Slaunwhite, J; Sliwa, K; Smith, J R; Snider, F D; Snihur, R; Soha, A; Somalwar, S; Sorin, V; Spalding, J; Spreitzer, T; Squillacioti, P; Stanitzki, M; St Denis, R; Stelzer, B; Stelzer-Chilton, O; Stentz, D; Strologas, J; Strycker, G L; Stuart, D; Suh, J S; Sukhanov, A; Suslov, I; Suzuki, T; Taffard, A; Takashima, R; Takeuchi, Y; Tanaka, R; Tecchio, M; Teng, P K; Terashi, K; Thom, J; Thompson, A S; Thompson, G A; Thomson, E; Tipton, P; Ttito-Guzmán, P; Tkaczyk, S; Toback, D; Tokar, S; Tollefson, K; Tomura, T; Tonelli, D; Torre, S; Torretta, D; Totaro, P; Tourneur, S; Trovato, M; Tsai, S-Y; Tu, Y; Turini, N; Ukegawa, F; Vallecorsa, S; van Remortel, N; Varganov, A; Vataga, E; Vázquez, F; Velev, G; Vellidis, C; Veszpremi, V; Vidal, M; Vidal, R; Vila, I; Vilar, R; Vine, T; Vogel, M; Volobouev, I; Volpi, G; Wagner, P; Wagner, R G; Wagner, R L; Wagner, W; Wagner-Kuhr, J; Wakisaka, T; Wallny, R; Wang, S M; Warburton, A; Waters, D; Weinberger, M; Weinelt, J; Wester, W C; Whitehouse, B; Whiteson, D; Wicklund, A B; Wicklund, E; Wilbur, S; Williams, G; Williams, H H; Wilson, P; Winer, B L; Wittich, P; Wolbers, S; Wolfe, C; Wright, T; Wu, X; Würthwein, F; Wynne, S M; Xie, S; Yagil, A; Yamamoto, K; Yamaoka, J; Yang, U K; Yang, Y C; Yao, W M; Yeh, G P; Yoh, J; Yorita, K; Yoshida, T; Yu, G B; Yu, I; Yu, S S; Yun, J C; Zanello, L; Zanetti, A; Zhang, X; Zheng, Y; Zucchelli, S

2009-03-06

We present a search for high-mass neutral resonances using dimuon data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb(-1) collected in pp[over ] collisions at sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. No significant excess above the standard model expectation is observed in the dimuon invariant-mass spectrum. We set 95% confidence level upper limits on sigmaBR(pp-->X-->micromicro), where X is a boson with spin-0, 1, or 2. Using these cross section limits, we determine lower mass limits on sneutrinos in R-parity-violating supersymmetric models, Z' bosons, and Kaluza-Klein gravitons in the Randall-Sundrum model.

The ideal and the real in Klein and Milton: some observations on reading Paradise Lost.

PubMed

Steiner, John

2013-10-01

Extracts from Paradise Lost (Milton 1674) are presented to illustrate some ideas of mutual interest to poets and psychoanalysts. In particular, Milton portrays the distinction between the human and the divine in terms of God's perfection and omnipotence, in contrast to man's imperfections. Recognition of this difference can open a painful gap between the self and the ideal, leading to attempts to bridge it via omnipotence. Because we imbue our objects with omnipotence, a similar gap can arise between adult and child and between patient and analyst. Klein's description of the ideal good object highlights similar issues. Both Klein and Milton present the ideal as something important to internalize as a foundation for hope, trust, and belief in goodness, and both emphasize the ideal as something that can be aspired to but not omnipotently realized. Facing this distinction requires a capacity to relinquish and mourn the loss of the good object, as well as the loss of the omnipotence that made possession of it possible. © 2013 The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, Inc.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gergely, Laszlo A.

We study the possibility of brane-world generalization of the Einstein-Straus Swiss-cheese cosmological model. We find that the modifications induced by the brane-world scenario are excessively restrictive. At a first glance only the motion of the boundary is modified and the fluid in the exterior region is allowed to have pressure. The general relativistic Einstein-Straus model emerges in the low density limit. However by imposing that the central mass in the Schwarzschild voids is constant, a combination of the junction conditions and modified cosmological evolution leads to the conclusion that the brane is flat. Thus no generic Swiss-cheese universe can existmore » on the brane. The conclusion is not altered by the introduction of a cosmological constant in the FLRW regions. This shows that although allowed in the low density limit, the Einstein-Straus universe cannot emerge from cosmological evolution in the brane-world scenario.« less

Solutions to the 1d Klein Gordon equation with cut-off Coulomb potentials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hall, Richard L.

2007-12-01

In a recent paper by Barton [G. Barton, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 40 (2007) 1011], the 1-dimensional Klein Gordon equation was solved analytically for the non-singular Coulomb-like potential V(|x|)=-α/(|x|+a). In the present Letter, these results are completely confirmed by a numerical formulation that also allows a solution for an alternative cut-off Coulomb potential V(|x|)=-α/|x|, |x|>a, and otherwise V(|x|)=-α/a.

Feeling unreal: a functional imaging study in patients with Kleine-Levin syndrome.

PubMed

Kas, Aurelie; Lavault, Sophie; Habert, Marie-Odile; Arnulf, Isabelle

2014-07-01

Kleine-Levin syndrome is characterized by relapsing-remitting episodes of severe hypersomnia, cognitive impairment, apathy, derealization and behavioural disturbances. Between episodes, patients have normal sleep, mood and behaviour. Functional imaging studies performed in small series of patients with Kleine-Levin syndrome with visual or semi-quantitative, uncontrolled analysis yielded equivocal brain changes. Using whole brain voxel-based group analysis, we compared brain perfusion scintigraphy during and between episodes in consecutive patients with Kleine-Levin syndrome versus healthy control subjects and correlated perfusion changes with disease severity and symptoms, focusing on less studied but disabling symptoms, such as apathy and derealization. During asymptomatic periods, 41 patients (mean age of 22.3 ± 8.1 years, 56.1% male) and 15 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects underwent single-photon emission computed tomography scanning with technetium-99m ethyl cysteinate dimer. Eleven patients repeated the test during a symptomatic period. Compared with controls, patients during asymptomatic periods had persistent hypoperfusion in the hypothalamus, the thalamus (mainly the right posterior part), the caudate nucleus, and cortical associative areas, including the anterior cingulate, (Brodmann area 25), the orbito-frontal (Brodmann area 11) and the right superior temporal cortices (Brodmann area 22), extending to the insula (P < 0.001 in all area). Two additional hypoperfused areas emerged during symptomatic periods (P < 0.001), located in the right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (Brodmann area 8) and the right parieto-temporal junction (Brodmann areas 22 and 39). These two areas were more affected between episodes, when the mean episode duration was longer (r = -0.53; P < 0.001). The score for the Depersonalization/Derealization Inventory during symptomatic periods strongly correlated with the hypoperfusion of the right (r = -0.74, P < 0.001) and left

On the effective field theory of intersecting D3-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abbaspur, Reza

2018-05-01

We study the effective field theory of two intersecting D3-branes with one common dimension along the lines recently proposed in ref. [1]. We introduce a systematic way of deriving the classical effective action to arbitrary orders in perturbation theory. Using a proper renormalization prescription to handle logarithmic divergencies arising at all orders in the perturbation series, we recover the first order renormalization group equation of ref. [1] plus an infinite set of higher order equations. We show the consistency of the higher order equations with the first order one and hence interpret the first order result as an exact RG flow equation in the classical theory.

Sharp predictions from eternal inflation patches in D-brane inflation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hertog, Thomas; Janssen, Oliver, E-mail: thomas.hertog@fys.kuleuven.be, E-mail: opj202@nyu.edu

We numerically generate the six-dimensional landscape of D3-brane inflation and identify patches of eternal inflation near sufficiently flat inflection points of the potential. We show that reasonable measures that select patches of eternal inflation in the landscape yield sharp predictions for the spectral properties of primordial perturbations on observable scales. These include a scalar tilt of .936, a running of the scalar tilt −.00103, undetectably small tensors and non-Gaussianity, and no observable spatial curvature. Our results explicitly demonstrate that precision cosmology probes the combination of the statistical properties of the string landscape and the measure implied by the universe's quantummore » state.« less

ChemCam investigation of the John Klein and Cumberland drill holes and tailings, Gale crater, Mars

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jackson, R. S.; Wiens, R. C.; Vaniman, D. T.

The ChemCam instrument on the Mars Science Laboratory rover analyzed the rock surface, drill hole walls, tailings, and unprocessed and sieved dump piles to investigate chemical variations with depth in the first two martian drill holes and possible fractionation or segregation effects of the drilling and sample processing. Furthermore, the drill sites are both in Sheepbed Mudstone, the lowest exposed member of the Yellowknife Bay formation. Yellowknife Bay is composed of detrital basaltic materials in addition to clay minerals and an amorphous component. The drill tailings are a mixture of basaltic sediments and diagenetic material like calcium sulfate veins, whilemore » the shots on the drill site surface and walls of the drill holes are closer to those pure end members. The sediment dumped from the sample acquisition, processing, and handling subsystem is of similar composition to the tailings; however, due to the specifics of the drilling process the tailings and dump piles come from different depths within the hole. This then allows the ChemCam instrument to analyze samples representing the bulk composition from different depths. On the pre-drill surfaces, the Cumberland site has a greater amount of CaO and evidence for calcium sulfate veins, than the John Klein site. But, John Klein has a greater amount of calcium sulfate veins below the surface, as seen in mapping, drill hole wall analysis, and observations in the drill tailings and dump pile. In addition, the Cumberland site does not have any evidence of variations in bulk composition with depth down the drill hole, while the John Klein site has evidence for a greater amount of CaO (calcium sulfates) in the top portion of the hole compared to the middle section of the hole, where the drill sample was collected.« less

ChemCam investigation of the John Klein and Cumberland drill holes and tailings, Gale crater, Mars

DOE PAGES

Jackson, R. S.; Wiens, R. C.; Vaniman, D. T.; ...

2016-05-13

The ChemCam instrument on the Mars Science Laboratory rover analyzed the rock surface, drill hole walls, tailings, and unprocessed and sieved dump piles to investigate chemical variations with depth in the first two martian drill holes and possible fractionation or segregation effects of the drilling and sample processing. Furthermore, the drill sites are both in Sheepbed Mudstone, the lowest exposed member of the Yellowknife Bay formation. Yellowknife Bay is composed of detrital basaltic materials in addition to clay minerals and an amorphous component. The drill tailings are a mixture of basaltic sediments and diagenetic material like calcium sulfate veins, whilemore » the shots on the drill site surface and walls of the drill holes are closer to those pure end members. The sediment dumped from the sample acquisition, processing, and handling subsystem is of similar composition to the tailings; however, due to the specifics of the drilling process the tailings and dump piles come from different depths within the hole. This then allows the ChemCam instrument to analyze samples representing the bulk composition from different depths. On the pre-drill surfaces, the Cumberland site has a greater amount of CaO and evidence for calcium sulfate veins, than the John Klein site. But, John Klein has a greater amount of calcium sulfate veins below the surface, as seen in mapping, drill hole wall analysis, and observations in the drill tailings and dump pile. In addition, the Cumberland site does not have any evidence of variations in bulk composition with depth down the drill hole, while the John Klein site has evidence for a greater amount of CaO (calcium sulfates) in the top portion of the hole compared to the middle section of the hole, where the drill sample was collected.« less

Covariant approach of perturbations in Lovelock type brane gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bagatella-Flores, Norma; Campuzano, Cuauhtemoc; Cruz, Miguel; Rojas, Efraín

2016-12-01

We develop a covariant scheme to describe the dynamics of small perturbations on Lovelock type extended objects propagating in a flat Minkowski spacetime. The higher-dimensional analogue of the Jacobi equation in this theory becomes a wave type equation for a scalar field Φ . Whithin this framework, we analyse the stability of membranes with a de Sitter geometry where we find that the Jacobi equation specializes to a Klein-Gordon (KG) equation for Φ possessing a tachyonic mass. This shows that, to some extent, these types of extended objects share the symmetries of the Dirac-Nambu-Goto (DNG) action which is by no means coincidental because the DNG model is the simplest included in this type of gravity.

Analytic solution for the space-time fractional Klein-Gordon and coupled conformable Boussinesq equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shallal, Muhannad A.; Jabbar, Hawraz N.; Ali, Khalid K.

2018-03-01

In this paper, we constructed a travelling wave solution for space-time fractional nonlinear partial differential equations by using the modified extended Tanh method with Riccati equation. The method is used to obtain analytic solutions for the space-time fractional Klein-Gordon and coupled conformable space-time fractional Boussinesq equations. The fractional complex transforms and the properties of modified Riemann-Liouville derivative have been used to convert these equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations.

Fertility reduction policies and poverty in Third World countries: ethical issues.

PubMed

Hernandez, D J

1985-01-01

This article begins with a discussion of the motivation for fertility reduction and related population policies. Next, it identifies the two major approaches to evaluating these policies in the population ethics literature: the individualistic approach and the international approach. Each approach is then characterized according to the kinds of policies evaluated, the ethical principles that are most prominent, and the major conclusions drawn. Major empirical gaps in the population ethics literature are identified, and pertinent social science issues concerning the effectiveness of family planning programs, the socioeconomic determinants of fertility, and the interpersonal or community determinants of fertility are discussed. Finally, these issues are linked with the United Nations World Population Plan of Action to identify ethical questions that warrant detailed scrutiny.

Constraining the cosmology of the phantom brane using distance measures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alam, Ujjaini; Bag, Satadru; Sahni, Varun

2017-01-01

The phantom brane has several important distinctive features: (i) Its equation of state is phantomlike, but there is no future "big rip" singularity, and (ii) the effective cosmological constant on the brane is dynamically screened, because of which the expansion rate is smaller than that in Λ CDM at high redshifts. In this paper, we constrain the Phantom braneworld using distance measures such as type-Ia supernovae (SNeIa), baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), and the compressed cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. We find that the simplest braneworld models provide a good fit to the data. For instance, BAO +SNeIa data can be accommodated by the braneworld for a large region in parameter space 0 ≤Ωℓ≲0.3 at 1 σ . The Hubble parameter can be as high as H0≲78 km s-1 Mpc-1 , and the effective equation of state at present can show phantomlike behavior with w0≲-1.2 at 1 σ . We note a correlation between H0 and w0, with higher values of H0 leading to a lower, and more phantomlike, value of w0. Inclusion of CMB data provides tighter constraints Ωℓ≲0.1 . (Here Ωℓ encodes the ratio of the five- and four-dimensional Planck mass.) The Hubble parameter in this case is more tightly constrained to H0≲71 km s-1 Mpc-1 , and the effective equation of state to w0≲-1.1 . Interestingly, we find that the Universe is allowed to be closed or open, with -0.5 ≲Ωκ≲0.5 , even on including the compressed CMB data. There appears to be some tension in the low and high-z BAO data which may either be resolved by future data, or act as a pointer to interesting new cosmology.

Complex marginal deformations of D3-brane geometries, their Penrose limits and giant gravitons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Avramis, Spyros D.; Sfetsos, Konstadinos; Zoakos, Dimitrios

2007-12-01

We apply the Lunin-Maldacena construction of gravity duals to β-deformed gauge theories to a class of type IIB backgrounds with U(1 global symmetry, which include the multicenter D3-brane backgrounds dual to the Coulomb branch of N=4 super-Yang-Mills and the rotating D3-brane backgrounds dual to the theory at finite temperature and chemical potential. After a general discussion, we present the full form of the deformed metrics for three special cases, which can be used for the study of various aspects of the marginally-deformed gauge theories. We also construct the Penrose limits of the solutions dual to the Coulomb branch along a certain set of geodesics and, for the resulting PP-wave metrics, we examine the effect of β-deformations on the giant graviton states. We find that giant gravitons exist only up to a critical value of the σ-deformation parameter, are not degenerate in energy with the point graviton, and remain perturbatively stable. Finally, we probe the σ-deformed multicenter solutions by examining the static heavy-quark potential by means of Wilson loops. We find situations that give rise to complete screening as well as linear confinement, with the latter arising is an intriguing way reminiscent of phase transitions in statistical systems.

Three dimensional view of the SYK/AdS duality

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Das, Sumit R.; Jevicki, Antal; Suzuki, Kenta

2017-09-05

We show that the spectrum of the SYK model can be interpreted as that of a 3D scalar coupled to gravity. The scalar has a mass which is at the Breitenholer-Freedman bound of AdS 2, and subject to a delta function potential at the center of the interval along the third direction. This, through Kaluza-Klein procedure on AdS 2 × (S 1)/Z 2, generates the spectrum reproducing the bi-local propagator at strong coupling. Furthermore, the leading 1/J correction calculated in this picture reproduces the known correction to the poles of the SYK propagator, providing credence to a conjecture that themore » bulk dual of this model can be interpreted as a three dimensional theory.« less

Black String and Velocity Frame Dragging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Jungjai; Kim, Hyeong-Chan

We investigate velocity frame dragging with the boosted Schwarzschild black string solution and the boosted Kaluza-Klein bubble solution, in which a translational symmetry along the boosted z-coordinate is implemented. The velocity frame dragging effect can be nullified by the motion of an observer using the boost symmetry along the z-coordinate if it is not compact. However, in spacetime with the compact z-coordinate, we show that the effect cannot be removed since the compactification breaks the global Lorentz boost symmetry. As a result, the comoving velocity depends on r and the momentum parameter along the z-coordinate becomes an observer independent characteristic quantity of the black string and bubble solutions. The dragging induces a spherical ergo-region around the black string.

Logarithmic corrections to black hole entropy: the non-BPS branch

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castro, Alejandra; Godet, Victor; Larsen, Finn; Zeng, Yangwenxiao

2018-05-01

We compute the leading logarithmic correction to black hole entropy on the non-BPS branch of 4D N≥2 supergravity theories. This branch corresponds to finite temperature black holes whose extremal limit does not preserve supersymmetry, such as the D0 - D6 system in string theory. Starting from a black hole in minimal Kaluza-Klein theory, we discuss in detail its embedding into N=8 , 6, 4, 2 supergravity, its spectrum of quadratic fluctuations in all these environments, and the resulting quantum corrections. We find that the c-anomaly vanishes only when N≥6 , in contrast to the BPS branch where c vanishes for all N≥2 . We briefly discuss potential repercussions this feature could have in a microscopic description of these black holes.

Entanglement asymmetry for boosted black branes and the bound

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mishra, Rohit; Singh, Harvendra

2017-06-01

We study the effects of asymmetry in the entanglement thermodynamics of CFT subsystems. It is found that “boosted” Dp-brane backgrounds give rise to the first law of the entanglement thermodynamics where the CFT pressure asymmetry plays a decisive role in the entanglement. Two different strip like subsystems, one parallel to the boost and the other perpendicular, are studied in the perturbative regime Tthermal ≪ TE. We mainly seek to quantify this entanglement asymmetry as a ratio of the first-order entanglement entropies of the excitations. We discuss the AdS-wave backgrounds at zero temperature having maximum asymmetry from where a bound on entanglement asymmetry is obtained. The entanglement asymmetry reduces as we switch on finite temperature in the CFT while it is maximum at zero temperature.

Changes in the Pasterze and the Kleines Fleisskees Glaciers, Austria, as Measured from the Ground and Space

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hall, Dorothy K.; Bayr, Klaus J.; Schoener, Wolfgang; Bindschadler, Robert A.; Chien, Janet Y. L.

2002-01-01

The tongue of the Pasterze Glacier in the eastern Alps of Austria receded more than 1152 m from 1880 to 2001. Landsat and Ikonos satellite data from 1976 to 2001, topographic maps beginning in 1893 and ground measurements were studied. Results show that though satellite images significantly underestimate the width of the Pasterze Glacier tongue due to the presence of morainal material on the surface, they provide an excellent way to measure the recession of the exposed-ice part of the glacier tongue. The rate of change of the terminus as determined using satellite data is found to compare well with ground measurements. Between 1976 and 2001, Landsat-derived measurements show a recession of the terminus of the Pasterze Glacier of 479+/-113 m (at an average rate of 18.4 m a(exp -1) while measurements from the ground showed a recession of 428 m (at an average recession of 17.1 m a(exp -1). Ikonos satellite images from 2000 and 2001 reveal changes in the exposed ice part of the Pasterze tongue, and a decrease in area of the exposed ice part of the tongue of 22,096 sq m. GPS points and a ground survey of the glacier terminus in August 2001 were plotted on a 1-m resolution Ikonos image, and showed the actual terminus shape and location. The nearby Kleines Fleisskees glacier lost 30% of its area between 1984 and 2001, and the area of exposed ice increased by 0.44 sq km, according to Landsat satellite measurements. Recession of both the Pasterze and the Kleines Fleisskees corresponds generally to temperature and precipitation trends, especially increasing summer temperatures, as determined from meteorological data acquired from the Sonnblick Observatory, however the smaller the Kleines FleiSkees reacts more quickly to climate changes than does the Pasterze Glacier.

Instability of standing waves for Klein-Gordon-Zakharov equations with different propagation speeds in three space dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gan, Zaihui; Zhang, Jian

2005-07-01

This paper is concerned with the standing wave for Klein-Gordon-Zakharov equations with different propagation speeds in three space dimensions. The existence of standing wave with the ground state is established by applying an intricate variational argument and the instability of the standing wave is shown by applying Pagne and Sattinger's potential well argument and Levine's concavity method.

Analytical solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation for Manning-Rosen potential with centrifugal term through Nikiforov-Uvarov method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hatami, N.; Setare, M. R.

2017-10-01

We present approximate analytical solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation with arbitrary l state for the Manning-Rosen potential using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method and adopting the approximation scheme for the centrifugal term. We provide the bound state energy spectrum and the wave function in terms of the hypergeometric functions.

Klein's Plan B in the Early Teaching of Analysis: Two Theoretical Cases of Exploring Mathematical Links

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kondratieva, Margo; Winsløw, Carl

2018-01-01

We present a theoretical approach to the problem of the transition from Calculus to Analysis within the undergraduate mathematics curriculum. First, we formulate this problem using the anthropological theory of the didactic, in particular the notion of praxeology, along with a possible solution related to Klein's "Plan B": here,…

Axionic black branes in the k -essence sector of the Horndeski model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cisterna, Adolfo; Hassaine, Mokhtar; Oliva, Julio; Rinaldi, Massimiliano

2017-12-01

We construct new black brane solutions in the context of Horndeski gravity, in particular, in its K-essence sector. These models are supported by axion scalar fields that depend only on the horizon coordinates. The dynamics of these fields is determined by a K-essence term that includes the standard kinetic term X and a correction of the form Xk. We find both neutral and charged exact and analytic solutions in D -dimensions, which are asymptotically anti-de Sitter. Then, we describe in detail the thermodynamical properties of the four-dimensional solutions and we compute the dual holographic DC conductivity.

Salt Reduction Initiatives around the World - A Systematic Review of Progress towards the Global Target.

PubMed

Trieu, Kathy; Neal, Bruce; Hawkes, Corinna; Dunford, Elizabeth; Campbell, Norm; Rodriguez-Fernandez, Rodrigo; Legetic, Branka; McLaren, Lindsay; Barberio, Amanda; Webster, Jacqui

2015-01-01

To quantify progress with the initiation of salt reduction strategies around the world in the context of the global target to reduce population salt intake by 30% by 2025. A systematic review of the published and grey literature was supplemented by questionnaires sent to country program leaders. Core characteristics of strategies were extracted and categorised according to a pre-defined framework. A total of 75 countries now have a national salt reduction strategy, more than double the number reported in a similar review done in 2010. The majority of programs are multifaceted and include industry engagement to reformulate products (n = 61), establishment of sodium content targets for foods (39), consumer education (71), front-of-pack labelling schemes (31), taxation on high-salt foods (3) and interventions in public institutions (54). Legislative action related to salt reduction such as mandatory targets, front of pack labelling, food procurement policies and taxation have been implemented in 33 countries. 12 countries have reported reductions in population salt intake, 19 reduced salt content in foods and 6 improvements in consumer knowledge, attitudes or behaviours relating to salt. The large and increasing number of countries with salt reduction strategies in place is encouraging although activity remains limited in low- and middle-income regions. The absence of a consistent approach to implementation highlights uncertainty about the elements most important to success. Rigorous evaluation of ongoing programs and initiation of salt reduction programs, particularly in low- and middle- income countries, will be vital to achieving the targeted 30% reduction in salt intake.

The Great Beyond: Higher Dimensions, Parallel Universes and the Extraordinary Search for a Theory of Everything

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Halpern, Paul

2005-08-01

Praise for The Great Beyond "A marvelous book-very clear, very readable. A brilliant introduction to the math and physics of higher dimensions, from Flatland to superstrings. Its greatest strength is a wealth of fascinating historical narrative and anecdote. I enjoyed it enormously." -Ian Stewart, author of Flatterland "A remarkable journey from Plato's cave to the farthest reaches of human thought and scientific knowledge. This mind-boggling book allows readers to dream strange visions of hyperspace, chase light waves, explore Klein's quantum odyssey and Kaluza's cocoon, leap through parallel universes, and grasp the very essence of conscience and cosmos. Buy this book and feed your head." -Clifford Pickover, author of A Passion for Mathematics "Halpern looks with a bemused eye at the wildest ideas currently afoot in physics. He takes us into the personal world of those who relish and explore seemingly outlandish notions, and does it with a light, engaging style." -Gregory Benford, author of Foundation's Fear "An informative, stimulating, and thoughtful presentation at the very frontiers of contemporary physics. It is quite on a par with Brian Greene's The Elegant Universe or his more recent The Fabric of the Cosmos, and as such, deserves to receive wide non-specialist coverage among an intelligent, curious, thinking public." -Professor E. Sheldon, Contemporary Physics

Solitons on Noncommutative Torus as Elliptic Calogero-Gaudin Models, Branes and Laughlin Wave Functions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hou, Bo-Yu; Peng, Dan-Tao; Shi, Kang-Jie; Yue, Rui-Hong

For the noncommutative torus T, in the case of the noncommutative parameter θ = (Z)/(n), we construct the basis of Hilbert space Hn in terms of θ functions of the positions zi of n solitons. The wrapping around the torus generates the algebra An, which is the Zn × Zn Heisenberg group on θ functions. We find the generators g of a local elliptic su(n), which transform covariantly by the global gauge transformation of An. By acting on Hn we establish the isomorphism of An and g. We embed this g into the L-matrix of the elliptic Gaudin and Calogero-Moser models to give the dynamics. The moment map of this twisted cotangent sunT) bundle is matched to the D-equation with the Fayet-Illiopoulos source term, so the dynamics of the noncommutative solitons become that of the brane. The geometric configuration (k, u) of the spectral curve det|L(u) - k| = 0 describes the brane configuration, with the dynamical variables zi of the noncommutative solitons as the moduli T⊗ n/Sn. Furthermore, in the noncommutative Chern-Simons theory for the quantum Hall effect, the constrain equation with quasiparticle source is identified also with the moment map equation of the noncommutative sunT cotangent bundle with marked points. The eigenfunction of the Gaudin differential L-operators as the Laughlin wave function is solved by Bethe ansatz.

Mode solutions for a Klein-Gordon field in anti-de Sitter spacetime with dynamical boundary conditions of Wentzell type

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dappiaggi, Claudio; Ferreira, Hugo R. C.; Juárez-Aubry, Benito A.

2018-04-01

We study a real, massive Klein-Gordon field in the Poincaré fundamental domain of the (d +1 )-dimensional anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime, subject to a particular choice of dynamical boundary conditions of generalized Wentzell type, whereby the boundary data solves a nonhomogeneous, boundary Klein-Gordon equation, with the source term fixed by the normal derivative of the scalar field at the boundary. This naturally defines a field in the conformal boundary of the Poincaré fundamental domain of AdS. We completely solve the equations for the bulk and boundary fields and investigate the existence of bound state solutions, motivated by the analogous problem with Robin boundary conditions, which are recovered as a limiting case. Finally, we argue that both Robin and generalized Wentzell boundary conditions are distinguished in the sense that they are invariant under the action of the isometry group of the AdS conformal boundary, a condition which ensures in addition that the total flux of energy across the boundary vanishes.

Melanie Klein in Buenos Aires: beginnings and developments.

PubMed

Etchegoyen, R Horacio; Zysman, Samuel

2005-06-01

In the first decades of the 20th century, Freud was known and quoted in Latin America by an elite of enlightened minds. In the 1940s a convergence took place in Buenos Aires of European exiles with local pioneers, and thus the Argentine Psychoanalytical Association was founded in 1942. Since then psychoanalysis has grown steadily and has spread into hospitals and universities, influencing culture at large. The socioeconomic situation of that time permitted this phenomenon to develop, to the astonishment of observers. In this paper the authors study the strong influence of Kleinian thought during the first 30 years of this development. The original works of local thinkers constitute the intellectual capital that sustains the idea of an 'Argentine psychoanalytic school'. During the 1970s, both society and psychoanalysis endured deep and complex changes. Lacan's teachings gained support and Klein's influence began to decline. At present the Buenos Aires Kleinians keep working, while their relationship with Lacanians and other schools is calmer. Respectful discussions became thus possible, oriented to strictly scientific differences.

Forbidden territories in the string landscape

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumar, Alok; Mukhopadhyay, Subir; Ray, Koushik

2007-12-01

Problems of stabilizing moduli of the type-IIB string theory on toroidal orientifolds T6/Z2, in presence of worldvolume fluxes on various D-branes, are considered. For Z2 actions, introducing either O9 or O3 planes, we rule out the possibility of moduli stabilization in a wide class of models with Script N = 1 supersymmetry, characterized by the type of fluxes turned on along D-brane worldvolume. Our results, in particular, imply that Abelian worldvolume fluxes can not by themselves stabilize closed string moduli, in a consistent supersymmtric model, for above orientifold compactifications. We also discuss other Z2 orientifolds of T6 and show that certain other brane wrappings are also ruled out by similar consistency requirements. In specific setups we consider examples with D9-branes wrapping on a complex three-torus with its world-volume fluxes taken to be semi-homogeneous bundles and D7-branes wrapping holomorphic four-cycles of the complex three-torus carrying world-volume fluxes.

Ramond and Neveu-Schwarz paraspinning strings in presence of D-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamam, D.; Belaloui, N.

2018-03-01

We investigate the theory of an open parafermionic string between two parallel Dp-, Dq-branes in Ramond and Neveu-Schwarz sectors. Trilinear commutation relations between the string variables are postulated and the corresponding ones in terms of modes are derived. The analysis of the spectrum shows that one can again have a free tachyon Neveu-Schwarz model for some values of the order of the paraquantization associated to some values of p and q. The consistency of this model requires the calculation of the partition function and its confrontation with the results of the degeneracies. A perfect agreement between the two results is obtained and the closure of the Virasoro superalgebra is confirmed.

Modeling the world in a spreadsheet: Environmental simulation on a microcomputer

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cartwright, T.J.

1993-12-31

This article focuses on the following: Modeling Natural Systems Blowing Smoke; Atmospheric Dispersion of Air Pollution Running Water; The Underground Transport of Pollutants Preserving the Species; Determining Minimum Viable Population Sustainable Yield; Managing the Forest for the Trees Here Comes the Sun; Solar Energy from a Flat-Plate Collector Modeling Social Systems Macroeconomic Policy; Econometrics and the Klein Model Urban Form; The Lowry Model of Population Distribution Affordable Housing; The Bertaud/World Bank Model Traffic on the Roads; Modeling Trip Generation and Trip Distribution Throwing Things Away; A Model for Waste Management Apples and Oranges; and An Environmental Impact Assessment Model Modelingmore » Artificial Systems Life in a Spreadsheet.« less

Reflections on Klein's radical notion of phantasy and its implications for analytic practice.

PubMed

Blass, Rachel B

2017-06-01

Analysts may incorporate many of Melanie Klein's important contributions (e.g., on preoedipal dynamics, envy, and projective identification) without transforming their basic analytic approach. In this paper I argue that adopting the Kleinian notion of unconscious phantasy is transformative. While it is grounded in Freud's thinking and draws out something essential to his work, this notion of phantasy introduces a radical change that defines Kleinian thinking and practice and significantly impacts the analyst's basic clinical approach. This impact and its technical implications in the analytic situation are illustrated and discussed. Copyright © 2017 Institute of Psychoanalysis.

Lepton flavour violation in RS models with a brane- or nearly brane-localized Higgs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beneke, M.; Moch, P.; Rohrwild, J.

2016-05-01

We perform a comprehensive study of charged lepton flavour violation in Randall-Sundrum (RS) models in a fully 5D quantum-field-theoretical framework. We consider the RS model with minimal field content and a ;custodially protected; extension as well as three implementations of the IR-brane localized Higgs field, including the non-decoupling effect of the KK excitations of a narrow bulk Higgs. Our calculation provides the first complete result for the flavour-violating electromagnetic dipole operator in Randall-Sundrum models. It contains three contributions with different dependence on the magnitude of the anarchic 5D Yukawa matrix, which can all be important in certain parameter regions. We study the typical range for the branching fractions of μ → eγ, μ → 3 e, μN → eN as well as τ → μγ, τ → 3 μ and the electron electric dipole moment by a numerical scan in both the minimal and the custodial RS model. The combination of μ → eγ and μN → eN currently provides the most stringent constraint on the parameter space of the model. A typical lower limit on the KK scale T is around 2 TeV in the minimal model (up to 4 TeV in the bulk Higgs case with large Yukawa couplings), and around 4 TeV in the custodially protected model, which corresponds to a mass of about 10 TeV for the first KK excitations, far beyond the lower limit from the non-observation of direct production at the LHC.

Variación temporal de las constantes fundamentales

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Landau, S. J.; Vucetich, H.

La variación temporal de las constantes fundamentales es un problema que ha motivado numerosos trabajos teóricos y experimentales desde la hipótesis de los grandes números de Dirac en 1937. Entre los métodos experimentales y observacionales para establecer restricciones sobre la variación de las constantes fundamentes es importante mencionar: comparación entre relojes atómicos[1], métodos geofísicos[2][3], análisis de sistemas de absorción en quasares[4][5][6] y cotas provenientes de la nucleosíntesis primordial[7]. En un trabajo reciente[5], se reportó una significativa variación en la constante de estructura fina. Intentos de unificar las cuatro interacciones fundamentales dieron como resultado teorías con múltiples dimensiones como las teorías de Kaluza-Klein y teorías de supercuerdas. Estas teorías proporcionan un marco teórico natural para el estudio de la variación temporal de las constantes fundamentales. A su vez, un modelo sencillo para estudiar la variación de la constante de estructura fina, fue propuesto en [8], a partir de premisas muy generales como ser covarianza, invarianza de gauge, causalidad y invarianza ante reversiones temporales en el electromagnetismo. Diferentes versiones de las teorías antes mencionadas coinciden en predecir variaciones temporales de las constantes fundamentales pero difieren en la forma de esta variación[9][10]. De esta manera, las restricciones establecidas experimentalmente sobre la variación de las constantes fundamentales pueden ser una herramienta importante para testear estas diferentes teorías. En este trabajo, utilizamos las cotas provenientes de diversas técnicas experimentales, para testear si las mismas son consistentes con alguna de las teorías antes mencionadas. En particular, establecemos cotas sobre la variación de los parámentros libres de las diferentes teorías como por ejemplo el radio de las dimensiones extras en las teorías tipo Kaluza-Klein.

Simultaneous analysis of 70 pesticides using HPlc/MS/MS: a comparison of the multiresidue method of Klein and Alder and the QuEChERS method.

PubMed

Riedel, Melanie; Speer, Karl; Stuke, Sven; Schmeer, Karl

2010-01-01

Since 2003, two new multipesticide residue methods for screening crops for a large number of pesticides, developed by Klein and Alder and Anastassiades et al. (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe; QuEChERS), have been published. Our intention was to compare these two important methods on the basis of their extraction efficiency, reproducibility, ruggedness, ease of use, and speed. In total, 70 pesticides belonging to numerous different substance classes were analyzed at two concentration levels by applying both methods, using five different representative matrixes. In the case of the QuEChERS method, the results of the three sample preparation steps (crude extract, extract after SPE, and extract after SPE and acidification) were compared with each other and with the results obtained with the Klein and Alder method. The extraction efficiencies of the QuEChERS method were far higher, and the sample preparation was much quicker when the last two steps were omitted. In most cases, the extraction efficiencies after the first step were approximately 100%. With extraction efficiencies of mostly less than 70%, the Klein and Alder method did not compare favorably. Some analytes caused problems during evaluation, mostly due to matrix influences.

Dirac and Klein-Gordon-Fock equations in Grumiller’s spacetime

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Al-Badawi, A.; Sakalli, I.

We study the Dirac and the chargeless Klein-Gordon-Fock equations in the geometry of Grumiller’s spacetime that describes a model for gravity of a central object at large distances. The Dirac equation is separated into radial and angular equations by adopting the Newman-Penrose formalism. The angular part of the both wave equations are analytically solved. For the radial equations, we managed to reduce them to one dimensional Schrödinger-type wave equations with their corresponding effective potentials. Fermions’s potentials are numerically analyzed by serving their some characteristic plots. We also compute the quasinormal frequencies of the chargeless and massive scalar waves. With the aid of those quasinormal frequencies, Bekenstein’s area conjecture is tested for the Grumiller black hole. Thus, the effects of the Rindler acceleration on the waves of fermions and scalars are thoroughly analyzed.

NASA DC-8 Mission Manager Walter Klein and Chilean Air Force Advisor Captain Saez review maps of the Antarctic Peninsula during an AirSAR 2004 mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2004-03-13

NASA DC-8 Mission Manager Walter Klein and Chilean Air Force Advisor Captain Saez review maps of the Antarctic Peninsula during an AirSAR 2004 mission. AirSAR 2004 is a three-week expedition in Central and South America by an international team of scientists that is using an all-weather imaging tool, called the Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AirSAR), located onboard NASA's DC-8 airborne laboratory. Scientists from many parts of the world are combining ground research with NASA's AirSAR technology to improve and expand on the quality of research they are able to conduct. These photos are from the DC-8 aircraft while flying an AirSAR mission over Antarctica. The Antarctic Peninsula is more similar to Alaska and Patagonia than to the rest of the Antarctic continent. It is drained by fast glaciers, receives abundant precipitation, and melts significantly in the summer months. In recent decades, the Peninsula has experienced significant atmospheric warming (about 2 degrees C since 1950), which has triggered a vast and spectacular retreat of its floating ice shelves, glacier reduction, a decrease in permanent snow cover and a lengthening of the melt season. As a result, the contribution to sea level from this region could be rapid and substantial. With an area of 120,000 km, or ten times the Patagonia ice fields, the Peninsula could contribute as much as 0.4mm/yr sea level rise, which would be the largest single contribution to sea level from anywhere in the world. This region is being studied by NASA using a DC-8 equipped with the Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar developed by scientists from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. AirSAR will provide a baseline model and unprecedented mapping of the region. This data will make it possible to determine whether the warming trend is slowing, continuing or accelerating. AirSAR will also provide reliable information on ice shelf thickness to measure the contribution of the glaciers to sea level.

Explicit mathematical construction of relativistic nonlinear de Broglie waves described by three-dimensional (wave and electromagnetic) solitons ``piloted'' (controlled) by corresponding solutions of associated linear Klein-Gordon and Schrödinger equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vigier, Jean-Pierre

1991-02-01

Starting from a nonlinear relativistic Klein-Gordon equation derived from the stochastic interpretation of quantum mechanics (proposed by Bohm-Vigier, (1) Nelson, (2) de Broglie, (3) Guerra et al. (4) ), one can construct joint wave and particle, soliton-like solutions, which follow the average de Broglie-Bohm (5) real trajectories associated with linear solutions of the usual Schrödinger and Klein-Gordon equations.

Using the Bem and Klein Grid Scores to Predict Health Services Usage by Men

PubMed Central

Reynolds, Grace L.; Fisher, Dennis G.; Dyo, Melissa; Huckabay, Loucine M.

2016-01-01

We examined the association between scores on the Bem Sex Roles Inventory (BSRI), Klein Sexual Orientation Grid (KSOG) and utilization of hospital inpatient services, emergency departments, and outpatient clinic visits in the past 12 months among 53 men (mean age 39 years). The femininity subscale score on the BSRI, ever having had gonorrhea and age were the three variables identified in a multivariate linear regression significantly predicting use of total health services. This supports the hypothesis that sex roles can assist our understanding of men’s use of health services. PMID:27337618

Superstatistics of the Klein-Gordon equation in deformed formalism for modified Dirac delta distribution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sargolzaeipor, S.; Hassanabadi, H.; Chung, W. S.

2018-04-01

The Klein-Gordon equation is extended in the presence of an Aharonov-Bohm magnetic field for the Cornell potential and the corresponding wave functions as well as the spectra are obtained. After introducing the superstatistics in the statistical mechanics, we first derived the effective Boltzmann factor in the deformed formalism with modified Dirac delta distribution. We then use the concepts of the superstatistics to calculate the thermodynamics properties of the system. The well-known results are recovered by the vanishing of deformation parameter and some graphs are plotted for the clarity of our results.

Compactification on phase space

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lovelady, Benjamin; Wheeler, James

2016-03-01

A major challenge for string theory is to understand the dimensional reduction required for comparison with the standard model. We propose reducing the dimension of the compactification by interpreting some of the extra dimensions as the energy-momentum portion of a phase-space. Such models naturally arise as generalized quotients of the conformal group called biconformal spaces. By combining the standard Kaluza-Klein approach with such a conformal gauge theory, we may start from the conformal group of an n-dimensional Euclidean space to form a 2n-dimensional quotient manifold with symplectic structure. A pair of involutions leads naturally to two n-dimensional Lorentzian manifolds. For n = 5, this leaves only two extra dimensions, with a countable family of possible compactifications and an SO(5) Yang-Mills field on the fibers. Starting with n=6 leads to 4-dimensional compactification of the phase space. In the latter case, if the two dimensions each from spacetime and momentum space are compactified onto spheres, then there is an SU(2)xSU(2) (left-right symmetric electroweak) field between phase and configuration space and an SO(6) field on the fibers. Such a theory, with minor additional symmetry breaking, could contain all parts of the standard model.

Real-world exhaust temperature profiles of on-road heavy-duty diesel vehicles equipped with selective catalytic reduction.

PubMed

Boriboonsomsin, Kanok; Durbin, Thomas; Scora, George; Johnson, Kent; Sandez, Daniel; Vu, Alexander; Jiang, Yu; Burnette, Andrew; Yoon, Seungju; Collins, John; Dai, Zhen; Fulper, Carl; Kishan, Sandeep; Sabisch, Michael; Jackson, Doug

2018-09-01

On-road heavy-duty diesel vehicles are a major contributor of oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) emissions. In the US, many heavy-duty diesel vehicles employ selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology to meet the 2010 emission standard for NO x . Typically, SCR needs to be at least 200°C before a significant level of NO x reduction is achieved. However, this SCR temperature requirement may not be met under some real-world operating conditions, such as during cold starts, long idling, or low speed/low engine load driving activities. The frequency of vehicle operation with low SCR temperature varies partly by the vehicle's vocational use. In this study, detailed vehicle and engine activity data were collected from 90 heavy-duty vehicles involved in a range of vocations, including line haul, drayage, construction, agricultural, food distribution, beverage distribution, refuse, public work, and utility repair. The data were used to create real-world SCR temperature and engine load profiles and identify the fraction of vehicle operating time that SCR may not be as effective for NO x control. It is found that the vehicles participated in this study operate with SCR temperature lower than 200°C for 11-70% of the time depending on their vocation type. This implies that real-world NO x control efficiency could deviate from the control efficiency observed during engine certification. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Enhanced peculiar velocities in brane-induced gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wyman, Mark; Khoury, Justin

2010-08-01

The mounting evidence for anomalously large peculiar velocities in our Universe presents a challenge for the ΛCDM paradigm. The recent estimates of the large-scale bulk flow by Watkins et al. are inconsistent at the nearly 3σ level with ΛCDM predictions. Meanwhile, Lee and Komatsu have recently estimated that the occurrence of high-velocity merging systems such as the bullet cluster (1E0657-57) is unlikely at a 6.5-5.8σ level, with an estimated probability between 3.3×10-11 and 3.6×10-9 in ΛCDM cosmology. We show that these anomalies are alleviated in a broad class of infrared-modifed gravity theories, called brane-induced gravity, in which gravity becomes higher-dimensional at ultralarge distances. These theories include additional scalar forces that enhance gravitational attraction and therefore speed up structure formation at late times and on sufficiently large scales. The peculiar velocities are enhanced by 24-34% compared to standard gravity, with the maximal enhancement nearly consistent at the 2σ level with bulk flow observations. The occurrence of the bullet cluster in these theories is ≈104 times more probable than in ΛCDM cosmology.

Search for resonant diboson production in the [Formula: see text] final state in [Formula: see text] collisions at [Formula: see text] TeV with the ATLAS detector.

PubMed

Aad, G; Abbott, B; Abdallah, J; Abdel Khalek, S; Abdinov, O; Aben, R; Abi, B; Abolins, M; AbouZeid, O S; Abramowicz, H; Abreu, H; Abreu, R; Abulaiti, Y; Acharya, B S; Adamczyk, L; Adams, D L; Adelman, J; Adomeit, S; Adye, T; Agatonovic-Jovin, T; Aguilar-Saavedra, J A; Agustoni, M; Ahlen, S P; Ahmadov, F; Aielli, G; Akerstedt, H; Åkesson, T P A; Akimoto, G; Akimov, A V; Alberghi, G L; Albert, J; Albrand, S; Alconada Verzini, M J; Aleksa, M; Aleksandrov, I N; Alexa, C; Alexander, G; Alexandre, G; Alexopoulos, T; Alhroob, M; Alimonti, G; Alio, L; Alison, J; Allbrooke, B M M; Allison, L J; Allport, P P; Almond, J; Aloisio, A; Alonso, A; Alonso, F; Alpigiani, C; Altheimer, A; Alvarez Gonzalez, B; Alviggi, M G; Amako, K; Amaral Coutinho, Y; Amelung, C; Amidei, D; Amor Dos Santos, S P; Amorim, A; Amoroso, S; Amram, N; Amundsen, G; Anastopoulos, C; Ancu, L S; Andari, N; Andeen, T; Anders, C F; Anders, G; Anderson, K J; Andreazza, A; Andrei, V; Anduaga, X S; Angelidakis, S; Angelozzi, I; Anger, P; Angerami, A; Anghinolfi, F; Anisenkov, A V; Anjos, N; Annovi, A; Antonaki, A; Antonelli, M; Antonov, A; Antos, J; Anulli, F; Aoki, M; Aperio Bella, L; Apolle, R; Arabidze, G; Aracena, I; Arai, Y; Araque, J P; Arce, A T H; Arguin, J-F; Argyropoulos, S; Arik, M; Armbruster, A J; Arnaez, O; Arnal, V; Arnold, H; Arratia, M; Arslan, O; Artamonov, A; Artoni, G; Asai, S; Asbah, N; Ashkenazi, A; Åsman, B; Asquith, L; Assamagan, K; Astalos, R; Atkinson, M; Atlay, N B; Auerbach, B; Augsten, K; Aurousseau, M; Avolio, G; Azuelos, G; Azuma, Y; Baak, M A; Baas, A E; Bacci, C; Bachacou, H; Bachas, K; Backes, M; Backhaus, M; Backus Mayes, J; Badescu, E; Bagiacchi, P; Bagnaia, P; Bai, Y; Bain, T; Baines, J T; Baker, O K; Balek, P; Balli, F; Banas, E; Banerjee, Sw; Bannoura, A A E; Bansal, V; Bansil, H S; Barak, L; Baranov, S P; Barberio, E L; Barberis, D; Barbero, M; Barillari, T; Barisonzi, M; Barklow, T; Barlow, N; Barnett, B M; Barnett, R M; Barnovska, Z; Baroncelli, A; Barone, G; Barr, A J; Barreiro, F; Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J; Bartoldus, R; Barton, A E; Bartos, P; Bartsch, V; Bassalat, A; Basye, A; Bates, R L; Batley, J R; Battaglia, M; Battistin, M; Bauer, F; Bawa, H S; Beattie, M D; Beau, T; Beauchemin, P H; Beccherle, R; Bechtle, P; Beck, H P; Becker, K; Becker, S; Beckingham, M; Becot, C; Beddall, A J; Beddall, A; Bedikian, S; Bednyakov, V A; Bee, C P; Beemster, L J; Beermann, T A; Begel, M; Behr, K; Belanger-Champagne, C; Bell, P J; Bell, W H; Bella, G; Bellagamba, L; Bellerive, A; Bellomo, M; Belotskiy, K; Beltramello, O; Benary, O; Benchekroun, D; Bendtz, K; Benekos, N; Benhammou, Y; Benhar Noccioli, E; Benitez Garcia, J A; Benjamin, D P; Bensinger, J R; Benslama, K; Bentvelsen, S; Berge, D; Bergeaas Kuutmann, E; Berger, N; Berghaus, F; Beringer, J; Bernard, C; Bernat, P; Bernius, C; Bernlochner, F U; Berry, T; Berta, P; Bertella, C; Bertoli, G; Bertolucci, F; Bertsche, C; Bertsche, D; Besana, M I; Besjes, G J; Bessidskaia Bylund, O; Bessner, M; Besson, N; Betancourt, C; Bethke, S; Bhimji, W; Bianchi, R M; Bianchini, L; Bianco, M; Biebel, O; Bieniek, S P; Bierwagen, K; Biesiada, J; Biglietti, M; Bilbao De Mendizabal, J; Bilokon, H; Bindi, M; Binet, S; Bingul, A; Bini, C; Black, C W; Black, J E; Black, K M; Blackburn, D; Blair, R E; Blanchard, J-B; Blazek, T; Bloch, I; Blocker, C; Blum, W; Blumenschein, U; Bobbink, G J; Bobrovnikov, V S; Bocchetta, S S; Bocci, A; Bock, C; Boddy, C R; Boehler, M; Boek, T T; Bogaerts, J A; Bogdanchikov, A G; Bogouch, A; Bohm, C; Bohm, J; Boisvert, V; Bold, T; Boldea, V; Boldyrev, A S; Bomben, M; Bona, M; Boonekamp, M; Borisov, A; Borissov, G; Borri, M; Borroni, S; Bortfeldt, J; Bortolotto, V; Bos, K; Boscherini, D; Bosman, M; Boterenbrood, H; Boudreau, J; Bouffard, J; Bouhova-Thacker, E V; Boumediene, D; Bourdarios, C; Bousson, N; Boutouil, S; Boveia, A; Boyd, J; Boyko, I R; Bozic, I; Bracinik, J; Brandt, A; Brandt, G; Brandt, O; Bratzler, U; Brau, B; Brau, J E; Braun, H M; Brazzale, S F; Brelier, B; Brendlinger, K; Brennan, A J; Brenner, R; Bressler, S; Bristow, K; Bristow, T M; Britton, D; Brochu, F M; Brock, I; Brock, R; Bromberg, C; Bronner, J; Brooijmans, G; Brooks, T; Brooks, W K; Brosamer, J; Brost, E; Brown, J; Bruckman de Renstrom, P A; Bruncko, D; Bruneliere, R; Brunet, S; Bruni, A; Bruni, G; Bruschi, M; Bryngemark, L; Buanes, T; Buat, Q; Bucci, F; Buchholz, P; Buckingham, R M; Buckley, A G; Buda, S I; Budagov, I A; Buehrer, F; Bugge, L; Bugge, M K; Bulekov, O; Bundock, A C; Burckhart, H; Burdin, S; Burghgrave, B; Burke, S; Burmeister, I; Busato, E; Büscher, D; Büscher, V; Bussey, P; Buszello, C P; Butler, B; Butler, J M; Butt, A I; Buttar, C M; Butterworth, J M; Butti, P; Buttinger, W; Buzatu, A; Byszewski, M; Cabrera Urbán, S; Caforio, D; Cakir, O; Calafiura, P; Calandri, A; Calderini, G; Calfayan, P; Calkins, R; Caloba, L P; Calvet, D; Calvet, S; Camacho Toro, R; Camarda, S; Cameron, D; Caminada, L M; Caminal Armadans, R; Campana, S; Campanelli, M; Campoverde, A; Canale, V; Canepa, A; Cano Bret, M; 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This paper reports on a search for narrow resonances in diboson production in the [Formula: see text] final state using [Formula: see text] collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of [Formula: see text] fb[Formula: see text] collected at [Formula: see text] TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No significant excess of data events over the Standard Model expectation is observed. Upper limits at the 95 % confidence level are set on the production cross section times branching ratio for Kaluza-Klein gravitons predicted by the Randall-Sundrum model and for Extended Gauge Model [Formula: see text] bosons. These results lead to the exclusion of mass values below 740 and 1590 GeV for the graviton and [Formula: see text] boson respectively.

Improving naturalness in warped models with a heavy bulk Higgs boson

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cabrer, Joan A.; von Gersdorff, Gero; Quirós, Mariano

2011-08-01

A standard-model-like Higgs boson should be light in order to comply with electroweak precision measurements from LEP. We consider five-dimensional warped models—with a deformation of the metric in the IR region—as UV completions of the standard model with a heavy Higgs boson. Provided the Higgs boson propagates in the five-dimensional bulk the Kaluza Klein (KK) modes of the gauge bosons can compensate for the Higgs boson contribution to oblique parameters while their masses lie within the range of the LHC. The little hierarchy between KK scale and Higgs mass essentially disappears and the naturalness of the model greatly improves with respect to the Anti-de Sitter (Randall-Sundrum) model. In fact the fine-tuning is better than 10% for all values of the Higgs boson mass.

Evolution Of The Concept Of Dimension

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Journeau, Philippe F.

2007-04-01

Concepts of time elapsing `in' a space measuring the real emerge over the centuries. But Kant refutes absolute time and defines it, with space, as forms reacting to Newtonian mechanics. Einstein and Minkowski open a 20th century where time is a dimension, a substratum of reality `with' space rather than `in' it. Kaluza-Klein and String theories then develop a trend of additional spatial dimensions while de Broglie and Bohm open the possiblity that form, to begin with wave, be a reality together `with' a space-time particle. Other recent theories, such as spin networks, causal sets and twistor theory, even head to the idea of other "systems of dimensions." On the basis of such progresses and recent experiments the paper then considers a background independent fourfold time-form-action-space system of dimensions.

Quantum cybernetics: a new perspective for Nelson's stochastic theory, nonlocality, and the Klein-Gordon equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grössing, Gerhard

2002-04-01

The Klein-Gordon equation is shown to be equivalent to coupled partial differential equations for a sub-quantum Brownian movement of a “particle”, which is both passively affected by, and actively affecting, a diffusion process of its generally nonlocal environment. This indicates circularly causal, or “cybernetic”, relationships between “particles” and their surroundings. Moreover, in the relativistic domain, the original stochastic theory of Nelson is shown to hold as a limiting case only, i.e., for a vanishing quantum potential.

Salt Reduction Initiatives around the World – A Systematic Review of Progress towards the Global Target

PubMed Central

Trieu, Kathy; Neal, Bruce; Hawkes, Corinna; Dunford, Elizabeth; Campbell, Norm; Rodriguez-Fernandez, Rodrigo; Legetic, Branka; McLaren, Lindsay; Barberio, Amanda; Webster, Jacqui

2015-01-01

Objective To quantify progress with the initiation of salt reduction strategies around the world in the context of the global target to reduce population salt intake by 30% by 2025. Methods A systematic review of the published and grey literature was supplemented by questionnaires sent to country program leaders. Core characteristics of strategies were extracted and categorised according to a pre-defined framework. Results A total of 75 countries now have a national salt reduction strategy, more than double the number reported in a similar review done in 2010. The majority of programs are multifaceted and include industry engagement to reformulate products (n = 61), establishment of sodium content targets for foods (39), consumer education (71), front-of-pack labelling schemes (31), taxation on high-salt foods (3) and interventions in public institutions (54). Legislative action related to salt reduction such as mandatory targets, front of pack labelling, food procurement policies and taxation have been implemented in 33 countries. 12 countries have reported reductions in population salt intake, 19 reduced salt content in foods and 6 improvements in consumer knowledge, attitudes or behaviours relating to salt. Conclusion The large and increasing number of countries with salt reduction strategies in place is encouraging although activity remains limited in low- and middle-income regions. The absence of a consistent approach to implementation highlights uncertainty about the elements most important to success. Rigorous evaluation of ongoing programs and initiation of salt reduction programs, particularly in low- and middle- income countries, will be vital to achieving the targeted 30% reduction in salt intake. PMID:26201031

Identification of market trends with string and D2-brane maps

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bartoš, Erik; Pinčák, Richard

2017-08-01

The multidimensional string objects are introduced as a new alternative for an application of string models for time series forecasting in trading on financial markets. The objects are represented by open string with 2-endpoints and D2-brane, which are continuous enhancement of 1-endpoint open string model. We show how new object properties can change the statistics of the predictors, which makes them the candidates for modeling a wide range of time series systems. String angular momentum is proposed as another tool to analyze the stability of currency rates except the historical volatility. To show the reliability of our approach with application of string models for time series forecasting we present the results of real demo simulations for four currency exchange pairs.

Sharp comparison theorems for the Klein-Gordon equation in d dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hall, Richard L.; Zorin, Petr

2016-06-01

We establish sharp (or ’refined’) comparison theorems for the Klein-Gordon equation. We show that the condition Va ≤ Vb, which leads to Ea ≤ Eb, can be replaced by the weaker assumption Ua ≤ Ub which still implies the spectral ordering Ea ≤ Eb. In the simplest case, for d = 1, Ui(x) =∫0xV i(t)dt, i = a or b and for d > 1, Ui(r) =∫0rV i(t)td-1dt, i = a or b. We also consider sharp comparison theorems in the presence of a scalar potential S (a ‘variable mass’) in addition to the vector term V (the time component of a four-vector). The theorems are illustrated by a variety of explicit detailed examples.

Black hole acoustics in the minimal geometric deformation of a de Laval nozzle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

da Rocha, Roldão

2017-05-01

The correspondence between sound waves, in a de Laval propelling nozzle, and quasinormal modes emitted by brane-world black holes deformed by a 5D bulk Weyl fluid are here explored and scrutinized. The analysis of sound waves patterns in a de Laval nozzle in the laboratory, reciprocally, is here shown to provide relevant data about the 5D bulk Weyl fluid and its on-brane projection, comprised by the minimal geometrically deformed compact stellar distribution on the brane. Acoustic perturbations of the gas fluid flow in the de Laval nozzle are proved to coincide with the quasinormal modes of black holes solutions deformed by the 5D Weyl fluid, in the geometric deformation procedure. Hence, in a phenomenological Eötvös-Friedmann fluid brane-world model, the realistic shape of a de Laval nozzle is derived and its consequences studied.

A graphene Zener-Klein transistor cooled by a hyperbolic substrate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Wei; Berthou, Simon; Lu, Xiaobo; Wilmart, Quentin; Denis, Anne; Rosticher, Michael; Taniguchi, Takashi; Watanabe, Kenji; Fève, Gwendal; Berroir, Jean-Marc; Zhang, Guangyu; Voisin, Christophe; Baudin, Emmanuel; Plaçais, Bernard

2018-01-01

The engineering of cooling mechanisms is a bottleneck in nanoelectronics. Thermal exchanges in diffusive graphene are mostly driven by defect-assisted acoustic phonon scattering, but the case of high-mobility graphene on hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is radically different, with a prominent contribution of remote phonons from the substrate. Bilayer graphene on a hBN transistor with a local gate is driven in a regime where almost perfect current saturation is achieved by compensation of the decrease in the carrier density and Zener-Klein tunnelling (ZKT) at high bias. Using noise thermometry, we show that the ZKT triggers a new cooling pathway due to the emission of hyperbolic phonon polaritons in hBN by out-of-equilibrium electron-hole pairs beyond the super-Planckian regime. The combination of ZKT transport and hyperbolic phonon polariton cooling renders graphene on BN transistors a valuable nanotechnology for power devices and RF electronics.

NASA Dryden Mission Manager Walter Klein poses with school children that visited the airport during AirSAR 2004

NASA Image and Video Library

2004-03-08

NASA Dryden Mission Manager Walter Klein poses with school children that visited the airport during AirSAR 2004. In spanish, he explained to them the mission of the DC-8 AirSAR 2004 Mesoamerican campaign in Costa Rica. AirSAR 2004 Mesoamerica is a three-week expedition by an international team of scientists that uses an all-weather imaging tool, called the Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AirSAR) which is located onboard NASA's DC-8 airborne laboratory. Scientists from many parts of the world including NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory are combining ground research done in several areas in Central America with NASA's AirSAR technology to improve and expand on the quality of research they are able to conduct. The radar, developed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, can penetrate clouds and also collect data at night. Its high-resolution sensors operate at multiple wavelengths and modes, allowing AirSAR to see beneath treetops, through thin sand, and dry snow pack. AirSAR's 2004 campaign is a collaboration of many U.S. and Central American institutions and scientists, including NASA; the National Science Foundation; the Smithsonian Institution; National Geographic; Conservation International; the Organization of Tropical Studies; the Central American Commission for Environment and Development; and the Inter-American Development Bank.

Impact of warped extra dimensions on the dipole coefficients in b → sγ transitions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Malm, Raoul; Neubert, Matthias; Schmell, Christoph

2016-04-01

We calculate the electro- and chromomagnetic dipole coefficients C 7 γ,8 g and {tilde{C}}_{7γ, 8g} in the context of the minimal Randall-Sundrum (RS) model with a Higgs sector localized on the IR brane using the five-dimensional (5D) approach, where the coefficients are expressed in terms of integrals over 5D propagators. Since we keep the full dependence on the Yukawa matrices, the integral expressions are formally valid to all orders in v 2/ M KK 2 . In addition we relate our results to the expressions obtained in the Kaluza-Klein (KK) decomposed theory and show the consistency in both pictures analytically and numerically, which presents a non-trivial cross-check. In Feynman-'t Hooft gauge, the dominant corrections from virtual KK modes arise from the scalar parts of the W ±-boson penguin diagrams, including the contributions from the scalar component of the 5D gauge-boson field and from the charged Goldstone bosons in the Higgs sector. The size of the KK corrections depends on the parameter y *, which sets the upper bound for the anarchic 5D Yukawa matrices. We find that for y * ≳ 1 the KK corrections are proportional to y ∗ 2 . We discuss the phenomenological implications of our results for the branching ratio Br(overline{B}to {X}_sγ ) , the time-dependent CP asymmetry S K ∗ γ , the direct CP asymmetry A CP b → sγ and the CP asymmetry difference Δ A CP b → sγ . We can derive a lower bound on the first KK gluon resonance of 3 .8 TeV for y * = 3, requiring that at least 10% of the RS parameter space covers the experimental 2 σ error margins. We further discuss the branching ratio Br(overline{B}to {X}_s{l}+{l}-) and compare our predictions for C 7γ,9,10 and {tilde{C}}_{7γ, 9,10} with phenomenological results derived from model-independent analyses.

Flavour physics and extra-dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Iyer, Abhishek M.

2018-05-01

Randall-Sundrum (RS) model of warped extra-dimensions were originally proposed to explain the Planck-weak scale hierarchy. It was soon realised that modifications of the original setup, by introducing the fields in the bulk, has several interesting features. In particular it imbues a rich flavour structure to the fermionic sector thereby offering an understanding of the Yukawa hierarchy problem. This construction is also useful in explaining the recently observed deviations in the decay of the B mesons. We consider two scenarios to this effect : A) Right handed muon fields coupled more to NP that the corresponding muon doublets (unorthodox case). Non-universality exists in the right handed sector. B) Standard scenario with anomalies explained primarily by non-universal couplings to the lepton doublets. Further, we establish correlation with the parameter space consistent with the flavour anomalies in the neutral current sector and obtain predictions for rare K- decay which are likely to be another candle for NP with increased precision. The prediction for rare K- decays are different according to the scenario, thereby serving as a useful discriminatory tool. We also discussthe large flavour violation in the lepton sector and present an example with the implementation of bulk leptonic MFV which is essential to realize the model with low KK scales. Further we consider a radical solution, called GUT RS models, where the RS geometry can work as theory of flavour in the absence of flavour symmetries. In this case the low energy brane corresponds to the GUT scale as a result of which RS is no longer solution to the gauge hierarchy problem. The Kaluza Klein (KK) modes in this setup are naturally heavy due to which the low energy constraints can be easily avoided. We use this framework to discuss the supersymmetric version of the RS model and provide means to test this scenario by considering rare lepton decays like τ → μγ.

Exact Solution of Klein-Gordon and Dirac Equations with Snyder-de Sitter Algebra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Merad, M.; Hadj Moussa, M.

2018-01-01

In this paper, we present the exact solution of the (1+1)-dimensional relativistic Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations with linear vector and scalar potentials in the framework of deformed Snyder-de Sitter model. We introduce some changes of variables, we show that a one-dimensional linear potential for the relativistic system in a space deformed can be equivalent to the trigonometric Rosen-Morse potential in a regular space. In both cases, we determine explicitly the energy eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions expressed in terms of Romonovski polynomials. The limiting cases are analyzed for α 1 and α 2 → 0 and are compared with those of literature.

On classical de Sitter and Minkowski solutions with intersecting branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andriot, David

2018-03-01

Motivated by the connection of string theory to cosmology or particle physics, we study solutions of type II supergravities having a four-dimensional de Sitter or Minkowski space-time, with intersecting D p -branes and orientifold O p -planes. Only few such solutions are known, and we aim at a better characterisation. Modulo a few restrictions, we prove that there exists no classical de Sitter solution for any combination of D 3/ O 3 and D 7/ O 7, while we derive interesting constraints for intersecting D 5/ O 5 or D 6/ O 6, or combinations of D 4/ O 4 and D 8/ O 8. Concerning classical Minkowski solutions, we understand some typical features, and propose a solution ansatz. Overall, a central information appears to be the way intersecting D p / O p overlap each other, a point we focus on.

Rogue waves in the two dimensional nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation and nonlocal Klein-Gordon equation.

PubMed

Liu, Wei; Zhang, Jing; Li, Xiliang

2018-01-01

In this paper, we investigate two types of nonlocal soliton equations with the parity-time (PT) symmetry, namely, a two dimensional nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation and a coupled nonlocal Klein-Gordon equation. Solitons and periodic line waves as exact solutions of these two nonlocal equations are derived by employing the Hirota's bilinear method. Like the nonlocal NLS equation, these solutions may have singularities. However, by suitable constraints of parameters, nonsingular breather solutions are generated. Besides, by taking a long wave limit of these obtained soliton solutions, rogue wave solutions and semi-rational solutions are derived. For the two dimensional NLS equation, rogue wave solutions are line rogue waves, which arise from a constant background with a line profile and then disappear into the same background. The semi-rational solutions shows intriguing dynamical behaviours: line rogue wave and line breather arise from a constant background together and then disappear into the constant background again uniformly. For the coupled nonlocal Klein-Gordon equation, rogue waves are localized in both space and time, semi-rational solutions are composed of rogue waves, breathers and periodic line waves. These solutions are demonstrated analytically to exist for special classes of nonlocal equations relevant to optical waveguides.

Rogue waves in the two dimensional nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation and nonlocal Klein-Gordon equation

PubMed Central

Zhang, Jing; Li, Xiliang

2018-01-01

In this paper, we investigate two types of nonlocal soliton equations with the parity-time (PT) symmetry, namely, a two dimensional nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation and a coupled nonlocal Klein-Gordon equation. Solitons and periodic line waves as exact solutions of these two nonlocal equations are derived by employing the Hirota’s bilinear method. Like the nonlocal NLS equation, these solutions may have singularities. However, by suitable constraints of parameters, nonsingular breather solutions are generated. Besides, by taking a long wave limit of these obtained soliton solutions, rogue wave solutions and semi-rational solutions are derived. For the two dimensional NLS equation, rogue wave solutions are line rogue waves, which arise from a constant background with a line profile and then disappear into the same background. The semi-rational solutions shows intriguing dynamical behaviours: line rogue wave and line breather arise from a constant background together and then disappear into the constant background again uniformly. For the coupled nonlocal Klein-Gordon equation, rogue waves are localized in both space and time, semi-rational solutions are composed of rogue waves, breathers and periodic line waves. These solutions are demonstrated analytically to exist for special classes of nonlocal equations relevant to optical waveguides. PMID:29432495

One perspective on the Freud-Klein controversies 1941-45.

PubMed

Schafer, R

1994-04-01

Comments on the complex relations obtaining between, on the one hand, tradition, innovations and existential perspective and, on the other, presuppositions about method, evidence and truth are prefaced by a review of the helpful and hindering attitudes and conduct of the three parties to these controversial discussions, the third group being the indigenous ('independent') British group. This group directed the process into productive channels against great odds. The subsequent history of psychoanalysis shows, in addition to increased organisational stability and tolerance in times of crisis, an evolving enrichment and refinement of theory and practice in all three groups. Those following Melanie Klein have developed further their own kind of ego-psychological emphasis, while those following Anna Freud and 'the Viennese' around her have developed a more inclusive theoretical and clinical perspective, one that makes more salient the influence of the very first years of life and early infantile aggression as well as accepting a broadening of the idea of transference to include child analysis. This history supports the view that pluralism in psychoanalysis has been of much benefit.

Some Remarks on Similarity and Soliton Solutions of Nonlinear Klein-Gordon Equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tajiri, Masayoshi

1984-11-01

The three-dimensional nonlinear Klein-Gordon [, Higgs field and Yang-Milles] (3D-KG [, H and YM]) equation is first reduced to the 2D nonlinear Schrödinger (2D-NLS) and 2D-KG [, H and YM] equations, and secondly to the 1D-NLS and 1D-KG [, H and YM] equations by similarity transformations. It is shown that similar type soliton solutions of the 3D-KG, H and YM equations, which have singularity on a plane in (x, y, z, t) space, are obtained by substituting the soliton solutions of the 1D-NLS or 1D-KG (or H) equation into the similarity transformations. The soliton solutions of the YM equation are also investigated.

Enhanced peculiar velocities in brane-induced gravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wyman, Mark; Khoury, Justin

The mounting evidence for anomalously large peculiar velocities in our Universe presents a challenge for the {Lambda}CDM paradigm. The recent estimates of the large-scale bulk flow by Watkins et al. are inconsistent at the nearly 3{sigma} level with {Lambda}CDM predictions. Meanwhile, Lee and Komatsu have recently estimated that the occurrence of high-velocity merging systems such as the bullet cluster (1E0657-57) is unlikely at a 6.5-5.8{sigma} level, with an estimated probability between 3.3x10{sup -11} and 3.6x10{sup -9} in {Lambda}CDM cosmology. We show that these anomalies are alleviated in a broad class of infrared-modifed gravity theories, called brane-induced gravity, in which gravitymore » becomes higher-dimensional at ultralarge distances. These theories include additional scalar forces that enhance gravitational attraction and therefore speed up structure formation at late times and on sufficiently large scales. The peculiar velocities are enhanced by 24-34% compared to standard gravity, with the maximal enhancement nearly consistent at the 2{sigma} level with bulk flow observations. The occurrence of the bullet cluster in these theories is {approx_equal}10{sup 4} times more probable than in {Lambda}CDM cosmology.« less

New exact solutions of the Dirac and Klein-Gordon equations of a charged particle propagating in a strong laser field in an underdense plasma

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Varró, Sándor

2014-03-01

Exact solutions are presented of the Dirac and Klein-Gordon equations of a charged particle propagating in a classical monochromatic electromagnetic plane wave in a medium of index of refraction nm<1. In the Dirac case the solutions are expressed in terms of new complex polynomials, and in the Klein-Gordon case the found solutions are expressed in terms of Ince polynomials. In each case they form a doubly infinite set, labeled by two integer quantum numbers. These integer numbers represent quantized momentum components of the charged particle along the polarization vector and along the propagation direction of the electromagnetic radiation. Since this radiation may represent a plasmon wave of arbitrary high amplitude, propagating in an underdense plasma, the solutions obtained may have relevance in describing possible quantum features of novel acceleration mechanisms.

NASA DC-8 Mission Manager Walter Klein poses with a group of Chilean Students onboard the aircraft in Punta Arenas, Chile

NASA Image and Video Library

2004-03-17

NASA DC-8 Mission Manager Walter Klein poses with a group of Chilean Students onboard the aircraft at Carlos Ibanez del Campo International Airport in Punta Arenas, Chile. AirSAR 2004 is a three-week expedition by an international team of scientists that is using an all-weather imaging tool, called the Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AirSAR) which is located onboard NASA's DC-8 airborne laboratory. Scientists from many parts of the world including NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory are combining ground research done in several areas in Central and South America with NASA's AirSAR technology to improve and expand on the quality of research they are able to conduct. In South America and Antarctica, AirSAR will collect imagery and data to help determine the contribution of Southern Hemisphere glaciers to sea level rise due to climate change. In Patagonia, researchers found this contribution had more than doubled from 1995 to 2000, compared to the previous 25 years. AirSAR data will make it possible to determine whether that trend is decreasing, continuing or accelerating. AirSAR will also provide reliable information on ice shelf thickness to measure the contribution of the glaciers to sea level.

Emergent dimensions and branes from large-N confinement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cherman, Aleksey; Poppitz, Erich

2016-12-01

N =1 S U (N ) super-Yang-Mills theory on R3×S1 is believed to have a smooth dependence on the circle size L . Making L small leads to calculable nonperturbative color confinement, mass gap, and string tensions. For finite N , the small-L low-energy dynamics is described by a three-dimensional effective theory. The large-N limit, however, reveals surprises: the infrared dual description is in terms of a theory with an emergent fourth dimension, curiously reminiscent of T-duality in string theory. Here, however, the emergent dimension is a lattice, with momenta related to the S1-winding of the gauge field holonomy, which takes values in ZN. Furthermore, the low-energy description is given by a nontrivial gapless theory, with a space-like z =2 Lifshitz scale invariance and operators that pick up anomalous dimensions as L is increased. Supersymmetry-breaking deformations leave the long-distance theory scale-invariant, but change the Lifshitz scaling exponent to z =1 , and lead to an emergent Lorentz symmetry at small L . Adding a small number of fundamental fermion fields leads to matter localized on three-dimensional branes in the emergent four-dimensional theory.

Multiverse Space-Antispace Dual Calabi-Yau `Exciplex-Zitterbewegung' Particle Creation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Amoroso, Richard L.

Modeling the `creation/emergence' of matter from spacetime is as old as modern cosmology itself and not without controversy within each model such as Static, Steady-state, Big Bang or Multiverse Continuous-State. In this paper we present only a brief primitive introduction to a new form of `Exciplex-Zitterbewegung' dual space-antispace vacuum Particle Creation applicable especially to Big Bang alternatives which are well-known but ignored; Hubble discovered `Redshift' not a Doppler expansion of the universe which remains the currently popular interpretation. Holographic Anthropic Multiverse cosmology provides viable alternatives to all seemingly sacrosanct pillars of the Big Bang. A model for Multiverse Space-Antispace Dual Calabi-Yau `Exciplex-Zitterbewegung' particle creation has only become possible by incorporating the additional degrees of freedom provided by the capacity complex dimensional extended Yang-Mills Kaluza-Klein correspondence provides.

Warped unification, proton stability, and dark matter.

PubMed

Agashe, Kaustubh; Servant, Géraldine

2004-12-03

We show that solving the problem of baryon-number violation in nonsupersymmetric grand unified theories (GUT's) in warped higher-dimensional spacetime can lead to a stable Kaluza-Klein particle. This exotic particle has gauge quantum numbers of a right-handed neutrino, but carries fractional baryon number and is related to the top quark within the higher-dimensional GUT. A combination of baryon number and SU(3) color ensures its stability. Its relic density can easily be of the right value for masses in the 10 GeV-few TeV range. An exciting aspect of these models is that the entire parameter space will be tested at near future dark matter direct detection experiments. Other exotic GUT partners of the top quark are also light and can be produced at high energy colliders with distinctive signatures.

Les Houches ''Physics at TeV Colliders 2003'' Beyond the Standard Model Working Group: Summary Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Allanach, B

2004-03-01

The work contained herein constitutes a report of the ''Beyond the Standard Model'' working group for the Workshop ''Physics at TeV Colliders'', Les Houches, France, 26 May-6 June, 2003. The research presented is original, and was performed specifically for the workshop. Tools for calculations in the minimal supersymmetric standard model are presented, including a comparison of the dark matter relic density predicted by public codes. Reconstruction of supersymmetric particle masses at the LHC and a future linear collider facility is examined. Less orthodox supersymmetric signals such as non-pointing photons and R-parity violating signals are studied. Features of extra dimensional modelsmore » are examined next, including measurement strategies for radions and Higgs', as well as the virtual effects of Kaluza Klein modes of gluons. Finally, there is an update on LHC Z' studies.« less

Search for resonant pair production of Higgs bosons decaying to two bottom quark-antiquark pairs in proton-proton collisions at 8 TeV

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.; Adam, W.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Erö, J.; Friedl, M.; Frühwirth, R.; Ghete, V. M.; Hartl, C.; Hörmann, N.; Hrubec, J.; Jeitler, M.; Kiesenhofer, W.; Knünz, V.; Krammer, M.; Krätschmer, I.; Liko, D.; Mikulec, I.; Rabady, D.; Rahbaran, B.; Rohringer, H.; Schöfbeck, R.; Strauss, J.; Treberer-Treberspurg, W.; Waltenberger, W.; Wulz, C.-E.; Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.; Suarez Gonzalez, J.; Alderweireldt, S.; Bansal, S.; Cornelis, T.; De Wolf, E. A.; Janssen, X.; Knutsson, A.; Lauwers, J.; Luyckx, S.; Ochesanu, S.; Rougny, R.; Van De Klundert, M.; Van Haevermaet, H.; Van Mechelen, P.; Van Remortel, N.; Van Spilbeeck, A.; Blekman, F.; Blyweert, S.; D'Hondt, J.; Daci, N.; Heracleous, N.; Keaveney, J.; Lowette, S.; Maes, M.; Olbrechts, A.; Python, Q.; Strom, D.; Tavernier, S.; Van Doninck, W.; Van Mulders, P.; Van Onsem, G. P.; Villella, I.; Caillol, C.; Clerbaux, B.; De Lentdecker, G.; Dobur, D.; Favart, L.; Gay, A. P. R.; Grebenyuk, A.; Léonard, A.; Mohammadi, A.; Perniè, L.; Randle-conde, A.; Reis, T.; Seva, T.; Thomas, L.; Vander Velde, C.; Vanlaer, P.; Wang, J.; Zenoni, F.; Adler, V.; Beernaert, K.; Benucci, L.; Cimmino, A.; Costantini, S.; Crucy, S.; Fagot, A.; Garcia, G.; Mccartin, J.; Ocampo Rios, A. A.; Poyraz, D.; Ryckbosch, D.; Salva Diblen, S.; Sigamani, M.; Strobbe, N.; Thyssen, F.; Tytgat, M.; Yazgan, E.; Zaganidis, N.; Basegmez, S.; Beluffi, C.; Bruno, G.; Castello, R.; Caudron, A.; Ceard, L.; Da Silveira, G. G.; Delaere, C.; du Pree, T.; Favart, D.; Forthomme, L.; Giammanco, A.; Hollar, J.; Jafari, A.; Jez, P.; Komm, M.; Lemaitre, V.; Nuttens, C.; Pagano, D.; Perrini, L.; Pin, A.; Piotrzkowski, K.; Popov, A.; Quertenmont, L.; Selvaggi, M.; Vidal Marono, M.; Vizan Garcia, J. M.; Beliy, N.; Caebergs, T.; Daubie, E.; Hammad, G. H.; Aldá Júnior, W. L.; Alves, G. A.; Brito, L.; Correa Martins Junior, M.; Dos Reis Martins, T.; Molina, J.; Mora Herrera, C.; Pol, M. E.; Rebello Teles, P.; Carvalho, W.; Chinellato, J.; Custódio, A.; Da Costa, E. M.; De Jesus Damiao, D.; De Oliveira Martins, C.; Fonseca De Souza, S.; Malbouisson, H.; Matos Figueiredo, D.; Mundim, L.; Nogima, H.; Prado Da Silva, W. L.; Santaolalla, J.; Santoro, A.; Sznajder, A.; Tonelli Manganote, E. J.; Vilela Pereira, A.; Bernardes, C. A.; Dogra, S.; Fernandez Perez Tomei, T. R.; Gregores, E. M.; Mercadante, P. G.; Novaes, S. F.; Padula, Sandra S.; Aleksandrov, A.; Genchev, V.; Hadjiiska, R.; Iaydjiev, P.; Marinov, A.; Piperov, S.; Rodozov, M.; Stoykova, S.; Sultanov, G.; Vutova, M.; Dimitrov, A.; Glushkov, I.; Litov, L.; Pavlov, B.; Petkov, P.; Bian, J. G.; Chen, G. M.; Chen, H. S.; Chen, M.; Cheng, T.; Du, R.; Jiang, C. H.; Plestina, R.; Romeo, F.; Tao, J.; Wang, Z.; Asawatangtrakuldee, C.; Ban, Y.; Liu, S.; Mao, Y.; Qian, S. J.; Wang, D.; Xu, Z.; Zhang, L.; Zou, W.; Avila, C.; Cabrera, A.; Chaparro Sierra, L. F.; Florez, C.; Gomez, J. P.; Gomez Moreno, B.; Sanabria, J. C.; Godinovic, N.; Lelas, D.; Polic, D.; Puljak, I.; Antunovic, Z.; Kovac, M.; Brigljevic, V.; Kadija, K.; Luetic, J.; Mekterovic, D.; Sudic, L.; Attikis, A.; Mavromanolakis, G.; Mousa, J.; Nicolaou, C.; Ptochos, F.; Razis, P. A.; Rykaczewski, H.; Bodlak, M.; Finger, M.; Finger, M.; Assran, Y.; Ellithi Kamel, A.; Mahmoud, M. A.; Radi, A.; Kadastik, M.; Murumaa, M.; Raidal, M.; Tiko, A.; Eerola, P.; Voutilainen, M.; Härkönen, J.; Karimäki, V.; Kinnunen, R.; Kortelainen, M. J.; Lampén, T.; Lassila-Perini, K.; Lehti, S.; Lindén, T.; Luukka, P.; Mäenpää, T.; Peltola, T.; Tuominen, E.; Tuominiemi, J.; Tuovinen, E.; Wendland, L.; Talvitie, J.; Tuuva, T.; Besancon, M.; Couderc, F.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Fabbro, B.; Faure, J. 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T.; Spagnolo, P.; Squillacioti, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.; Vernieri, C.; Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; D'imperio, G.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Jorda, C.; Longo, E.; Margaroli, F.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Organtini, G.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Rovelli, C.; Santanastasio, F.; Soffi, L.; Traczyk, P.; Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Bellan, R.; Biino, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Casasso, S.; Costa, M.; Covarelli, R.; Degano, A.; Demaria, N.; Finco, L.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pacher, L.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Pinna Angioni, G. L.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Tamponi, U.; Belforte, S.; Candelise, V.; Casarsa, M.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; La Licata, C.; Marone, M.; Schizzi, A.; Umer, T.; Zanetti, A.; Chang, S.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Nam, S. K.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, M. S.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, S.; Oh, Y. D.; Park, H.; Sakharov, A.; Son, D. C.; Kim, T. J.; Ryu, M. S.; Kim, J. Y.; Moon, D. H.; Song, S.; Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, Y.; Lee, B.; Lee, K. S.; Park, S. K.; Roh, Y.; Yoo, H. D.; Choi, M.; Kim, J. H.; Park, I. C.; Ryu, G.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, D.; Kwon, E.; Lee, J.; Yu, I.; Juodagalvis, A.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Md Ali, M. A. B.; Wan Abdullah, W. A. T.; Casimiro Linares, E.; Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Hernandez-Almada, A.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.; Pedraza, I.; Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Krofcheck, D.; Butler, P. H.; Reucroft, S.; Ahmad, A.; Ahmad, M.; Hassan, Q.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Shoaib, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Bluj, M.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Górski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Zalewski, P.; Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.; Misiura, M.; Olszewski, M.; Bargassa, P.; Beirão Da Cruz E Silva, C.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Nguyen, F.; Rodrigues Antunes, J.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Konoplyanikov, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Malakhov, A.; Matveev, V.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Savina, M.; Shmatov, S.; Shulha, S.; Skatchkov, N.; Smirnov, V.; Zarubin, A.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Kuznetsova, E.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.; Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Pashenkov, A.; Tlisov, D.; Toropin, A.; Epshteyn, V.; Gavrilov, V.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Pozdnyakov, I.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Spiridonov, A.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Bunichev, V.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Gribushin, A.; Klyukhin, V.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Obraztsov, S.; Petrushanko, S.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.; Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Kachanov, V.; Kalinin, A.; Konstantinov, D.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.; Adzic, P.; Ekmedzic, M.; Milosevic, J.; Rekovic, V.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Domínguez Vázquez, D.; Escalante Del Valle, A.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernández Ramos, J. P.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Navarro De Martino, E.; Pérez-Calero Yzquierdo, A.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Quintario Olmeda, A.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Soares, M. S.; Albajar, C.; de Trocóniz, J. F.; Missiroli, M.; Moran, D.; Brun, H.; Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Graziano, A.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodríguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Bachtis, M.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Benaglia, A.; Bendavid, J.; Benhabib, L.; Benitez, J. F.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bonato, A.; Bondu, O.; Botta, C.; Breuker, H.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Colafranceschi, S.; D'Alfonso, M.; d'Enterria, D.; Dabrowski, A.; David, A.; De Guio, F.; De Roeck, A.; De Visscher, S.; Di Marco, E.; Dobson, M.; Dordevic, M.; Dorney, B.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Franzoni, G.; Funk, W.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Girone, M.; Glege, F.; Guida, R.; Gundacker, S.; Guthoff, M.; Hammer, J.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hegeman, J.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kousouris, K.; Krajczar, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lourenço, C.; Magini, N.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Marrouche, J.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moortgat, F.; Morovic, S.; Mulders, M.; Orsini, L.; Pape, L.; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Petrucciani, G.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pimiä, M.; Piparo, D.; Plagge, M.; Racz, A.; Rolandi, G.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Schäfer, C.; Schwick, C.; Sharma, A.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Steggemann, J.; Stieger, B.; Stoye, M.; Takahashi, Y.; Treille, D.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Wardle, N.; Wöhri, H. K.; Wollny, H.; Zeuner, W. D.; Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Bachmair, F.; Bäni, L.; Bianchini, L.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Donegà, M.; Dünser, M.; Eller, P.; Grab, C.; Hits, D.; Hoss, J.; Kasieczka, G.; Lustermann, W.; Mangano, B.; Marini, A. C.; Marionneau, M.; Martinez Ruiz del Arbol, P.; Masciovecchio, M.; Meister, D.; Mohr, N.; Musella, P.; Nägeli, C.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pandolfi, F.; Pauss, F.; Perrozzi, L.; Peruzzi, M.; Quittnat, M.; Rebane, L.; Rossini, M.; Starodumov, A.; Takahashi, M.; Theofilatos, K.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Amsler, C.; Canelli, M. F.; Chiochia, V.; De Cosa, A.; Hinzmann, A.; Hreus, T.; Kilminster, B.; Lange, C.; Ngadiuba, J.; Pinna, D.; Robmann, P.; Ronga, F. J.; Taroni, S.; Yang, Y.; Cardaci, M.; Chen, K. H.; Ferro, C.; Kuo, C. M.; Lin, W.; Lu, Y. J.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Chen, P. H.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W.-S.; Liu, Y. F.; Lu, R.-S.; Miñano Moya, M.; Petrakou, E.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wilken, R.; Asavapibhop, B.; Singh, G.; Srimanobhas, N.; Suwonjandee, N.; Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Guler, Y.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Kayis Topaksu, A.; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sunar Cerci, D.; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Vergili, M.; Zorbilmez, C.; Akin, I. V.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Gamsizkan, H.; Isildak, B.; Karapinar, G.; Ocalan, K.; Sekmen, S.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Zeyrek, M.; Albayrak, E. A.; Gülmez, E.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Yetkin, T.; Cankocak, K.; Vardarlı, F. I.; Levchuk, L.; Sorokin, P.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Jacob, J.; Kreczko, L.; Lucas, C.; Meng, Z.; Newbold, D. M.; Paramesvaran, S.; Poll, A.; Sakuma, T.; Seif El Nasr-storey, S.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Thea, A.; Tomalin, I. R.; Williams, T.; Womersley, W. J.; Worm, S. D.; Baber, M.; Bainbridge, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Burton, D.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Dunne, P.; Elwood, A.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Hall, G.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Kenzie, M.; Lane, R.; Lucas, R.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A.-M.; Malik, S.; Mathias, B.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rose, A.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Tapper, A.; Vazquez Acosta, M.; Virdee, T.; Zenz, S. C.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leggat, D.; Leslie, D.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.; Dittmann, J.; Hatakeyama, K.; Kasmi, A.; Liu, H.; Pastika, N.; Scarborough, T.; Wu, Z.; Charaf, O.; Cooper, S. I.; Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.; Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Fantasia, C.; Lawson, P.; Richardson, C.; Rohlf, J.; St. John, J.; Sulak, L.; Alimena, J.; Berry, E.; Bhattacharya, S.; Christopher, G.; Cutts, D.; Demiragli, Z.; Dhingra, N.; Ferapontov, A.; Garabedian, A.; Heintz, U.; Laird, E.; Landsberg, G.; Mao, Z.; Narain, M.; Sagir, S.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Swanson, J.; Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M.; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Ko, W.; Lander, R.; Mulhearn, M.; Pellett, D.; Pilot, J.; Ricci-Tam, F.; Shalhout, S.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Stolp, D.; Tripathi, M.; Wilbur, S.; Yohay, R.; Cousins, R.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Rakness, G.; Takasugi, E.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.; Burt, K.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Hanson, G.; Heilman, J.; Ivova Rikova, M.; Jandir, P.; Kennedy, E.; Lacroix, F.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Malberti, M.; Olmedo Negrete, M.; Shrinivas, A.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wimpenny, S.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Klein, D.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Olivito, D.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Pieri, M.; Sani, M.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Welke, C.; Würthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Zevi Della Porta, G.; Barge, D.; Bradmiller-Feld, J.; Campagnari, C.; Danielson, T.; Dishaw, A.; Dutta, V.; Flowers, K.; Franco Sevilla, M.; Geffert, P.; George, C.; Golf, F.; Gouskos, L.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Mccoll, N.; Mullin, S. D.; Richman, J.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; West, C.; Yoo, J.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Duarte, J.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Pena, C.; Pierini, M.; Spiropulu, M.; Vlimant, J. R.; Wilkinson, R.; Xie, S.; Zhu, R. Y.; Azzolini, V.; Calamba, A.; Carlson, B.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.; Cumalat, J. P.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Krohn, M.; Luiggi Lopez, E.; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Wagner, S. R.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Chaves, J.; Chu, J.; Dittmer, S.; Eggert, N.; Mirman, N.; Nicolas Kaufman, G.; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Skinnari, L.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Tucker, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.; Winn, D.; Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bolla, G.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gottschalk, E.; Gray, L.; Green, D.; Grünendahl, S.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Hare, D.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kreis, B.; Kwan, S.; Linacre, J.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Liu, T.; Lopes De Sá, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Martinez Outschoorn, V. I.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Merkel, P.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Nahn, S.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Prokofyev, O.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Soha, A.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Tran, N. V.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitbeck, A.; Whitmore, J.; Yang, F.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bortignon, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Carver, M.; Curry, D.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Furic, I. K.; Hugon, J.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Mei, H.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Rinkevicius, A.; Shchutska, L.; Snowball, M.; Sperka, D.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.; Hewamanage, S.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.; Adams, J. R.; Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Diamond, B.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.; Baarmand, M. M.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Yumiceva, F.; Adams, M. R.; Apanasevich, L.; Berry, D.; Betts, R. R.; Bucinskaite, I.; Cavanaugh, R.; Evdokimov, O.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Kurt, P.; O'Brien, C.; Sandoval Gonzalez, I. D.; Silkworth, C.; Turner, P.; Varelas, N.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Dilsiz, K.; Haytmyradov, M.; Khristenko, V.; Merlo, J.-P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Ogul, H.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Penzo, A.; Rahmat, R.; Sen, S.; Tan, P.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yi, K.; Anderson, I.; Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Fehling, D.; Gritsan, A. V.; Maksimovic, P.; Martin, C.; Swartz, M.; Xiao, M.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Bruner, C.; Gray, J.; Kenny, R. P., III; Majumder, D.; Malek, M.; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Sekaric, J.; Stringer, R.; Wang, Q.; Wood, J. S.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Kaadze, K.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Saini, L. K.; Skhirtladze, N.; Svintradze, I.; Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Rebassoo, F.; Wright, D.; Baden, A.; Belloni, A.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Jabeen, S.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Mignerey, A. C.; Pedro, K.; Skuja, A.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Apyan, A.; Barbieri, R.; Bierwagen, K.; Busza, W.; Cali, I. A.; Di Matteo, L.; Gomez Ceballos, G.; Goncharov, M.; Gulhan, D.; Klute, M.; Lai, Y. S.; Lee, Y.-J.; Levin, A.; Luckey, P. D.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Sumorok, K.; Velicanu, D.; Veverka, J.; Wyslouch, B.; Yang, M.; Zanetti, M.; Zhukova, V.; Dahmes, B.; Gude, A.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Rusack, R.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.; Acosta, J. G.; Oliveros, S.; Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Gonzalez Suarez, R.; Keller, J.; Knowlton, D.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Meier, F.; Ratnikov, F.; Snow, G. R.; Zvada, M.; Dolen, J.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Rappoccio, S.; Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Massironi, A.; Morse, D. M.; Nash, D.; Orimoto, T.; Trocino, D.; Wang, R.-J.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.; Hahn, K. A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Sung, K.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Chan, K. M.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kellams, N.; Lannon, K.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Musienko, Y.; Pearson, T.; Planer, M.; Ruchti, R.; Smith, G.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Woodard, A.; Antonelli, L.; Brinson, J.; Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Flowers, S.; Hart, A.; Hill, C.; Hughes, R.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Luo, W.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Winer, B. L.; Wolfe, H.; Wulsin, H. W.; Driga, O.; Elmer, P.; Hardenbrook, J.; Hebda, P.; Koay, S. A.; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroué, P.; Quan, X.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.; Brownson, E.; Malik, S.; Mendez, H.; Ramirez Vargas, J. E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Gutay, L.; Hu, Z.; Jha, M. K.; Jones, M.; Jung, K.; Kress, M.; Leonardo, N.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Primavera, F.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shi, X.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Xu, L.; Zablocki, J.; Parashar, N.; Stupak, J.; Adair, A.; Akgun, B.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Li, W.; Michlin, B.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.; Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Ferbel, T.; Galanti, M.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Hindrichs, O.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Korjenevski, S.; Petrillo, G.; Verzetti, M.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Mesropian, C.; Arora, S.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Kaplan, S.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Sheffield, D.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.; Thomassen, P.; Walker, M.; Rose, K.; Spanier, S.; York, A.; Bouhali, O.; Castaneda Hernandez, A.; Dildick, S.; Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Krutelyov, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Patel, R.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Rose, A.; Safonov, A.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Ulmer, K. A.; Akchurin, N.; Cowden, C.; Damgov, J.; Dragoiu, C.; Dudero, P. R.; Faulkner, J.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Kunori, S.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Volobouev, I.; Appelt, E.; Delannoy, A. G.; Greene, S.; Gurrola, A.; Johns, W.; Maguire, C.; Mao, Y.; Melo, A.; Sharma, M.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.; Arenton, M. W.; Boutle, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Li, H.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wolfe, E.; Wood, J.; Clarke, C.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Kottachchi Kankanamge Don, C.; Lamichhane, P.; Sturdy, J.; Belknap, D. A.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Dodd, L.; Duric, S.; Friis, E.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Hervé, A.; Klabbers, P.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Levine, A.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Perry, T.; Pierro, G. A.; Polese, G.; Ross, I.; Sarangi, T.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Taylor, D.; Vuosalo, C.; Woods, N.

2015-10-01

A model-independent search for a narrow resonance produced in proton-proton collisions at √{ s} = 8 TeV and decaying to a pair of 125 GeV Higgs bosons that in turn each decays into a bottom quark-antiquark pair is performed by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The analyzed data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 17.9 fb-1. No evidence for a signal is observed. Upper limits at a 95% confidence level on the production cross section for such a resonance, in the mass range from 270 to 1100 GeV, are reported. Using these results, a radion with decay constant of 1 TeV and mass from 300 to 1100 GeV, and a Kaluza-Klein graviton with mass from 380 to 830 GeV are excluded at a 95% confidence level.

Gravity-mediated dark matter annihilation in the Randall-Sundrum model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rueter, T. D.; Rizzo, T. G.; Hewett, J. L.

Observational evidence for dark matter stems from its gravitational interactions, and as of yet there has been no evidence for dark matter interacting via other means. We examine models where dark matter interactions are purely gravitational in a Randall-Sundrum background. In particular, the Kaluza-Klein tower of gravitons which result from the warped fifth dimension can provide viable annihilation channels into Standard Model final states, and we find that we can achieve values of the annihilation cross section, < σv >, which are consistent with the observed relic abundance in the case of spin-1 dark matter. As a result, we examinemore » constraints on these models employing both the current photon line and continuum indirect dark matter searches, and assess the prospects of hunting for the signals of such models in future direct and indirect detection experiments.« less

T-duality of singular spacetime compactifications in an H-flux

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Linshaw, Andrew; Mathai, Varghese

2018-07-01

We begin by presenting a symmetric version of the circle equivariant T-duality result in a joint work of the second author with Siye Wu, thereby generalizing the results there. We then initiate the study of twisted equivariant Courant algebroids and equivariant generalized geometry and apply it to our context. As before, T-duality exchanges type IIA and type IIB string theories. In our theory, both spacetime and the T-dual spacetime can be singular spaces when the fixed point set is non-empty; the singularities correspond to Kaluza-Klein monopoles. We propose that the Ramond-Ramond charges of type II string theories on the singular spaces are classified by twisted equivariant cohomology groups, consistent with the previous work of Mathai and Wu, and prove that they are naturally isomorphic. We also establish the corresponding isomorphism of twisted equivariant Courant algebroids.

Gravity-mediated dark matter annihilation in the Randall-Sundrum model

DOE PAGES

Rueter, T. D.; Rizzo, T. G.; Hewett, J. L.

2017-10-13

Observational evidence for dark matter stems from its gravitational interactions, and as of yet there has been no evidence for dark matter interacting via other means. We examine models where dark matter interactions are purely gravitational in a Randall-Sundrum background. In particular, the Kaluza-Klein tower of gravitons which result from the warped fifth dimension can provide viable annihilation channels into Standard Model final states, and we find that we can achieve values of the annihilation cross section, < σv >, which are consistent with the observed relic abundance in the case of spin-1 dark matter. As a result, we examinemore » constraints on these models employing both the current photon line and continuum indirect dark matter searches, and assess the prospects of hunting for the signals of such models in future direct and indirect detection experiments.« less

Contractions of AdS brane algebra and superGalileon Lagrangians

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kamimura, Kiyoshi; Onda, Seiji

2013-06-15

We examine AdS Galileon Lagrangians using the method of nonlinear realization. By contractions (1) flat curvature limit, (2) non-relativistic brane algebra limit, and (3) (1) + (2) limits we obtain DBI, Newton-Hoock, and Galilean Galileons, respectively. We make clear how these Lagrangians appear as invariant 4-forms and/or pseudo-invariant Wess-Zumino (WZ) terms using Maurer-Cartan (MC) equations on the coset G/SO(3, 1). We show the equations of motion are written in terms of the MC forms only and explain why the inverse Higgs condition is obtained as the equation of motion for all cases. The supersymmetric extension is also examined using amore » supercoset SU(2, 2 Double-Vertical-Line 1)/(SO(3, 1) Multiplication-Sign U(1)) and five WZ forms are constructed. They are reduced to the corresponding five Galileon WZ forms in the bosonic limit and are candidates for supersymmetric Galileon action.« less

Brane SUSY breaking and the gravitino mass

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kitazawa, Noriaki

2018-04-01

Supergravity models with spontaneously broken supersymmetry have been widely investigated over the years, together with some notable non-linear limits. Although in these models the gravitino becomes naturally massive absorbing the degrees of freedom of a Nambu-Goldstone fermion, there are cases in which the naive counting of degrees of freedom does not apply, in particular because of the absence of explicit gravitino mass terms in unitary gauge. The corresponding models require non-trivial de Sitter-like backgrounds, and it becomes of interest to clarify the fate of their Nambu-Goldstone modes. We elaborate on the fact that these non-trivial backgrounds can accommodate, consistently, gravitino fields carrying a number of degrees of freedom that is intermediate between those of massless and massive fields in a flat spacetime. For instance, in a simple supergravity model of this type with de Sitter background, the overall degrees of freedom of gravitino are as many as for a massive spin-3/2 field in flat spacetime, while the gravitino remains massless in the sense that it undergoes null-cone propagation in the stereographic picture. On the other hand, in the ten-dimensional USp(32) Type I Sugimoto model with "brane SUSY breaking", which requires a more complicated background, the degrees of freedom of gravitino are half as many of those of a massive one, and yet it somehow behaves again as a massless one.