"Doing Gender" at "Body Worlds": Embodying Field Trips as Affective Educational Experience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davidson, Joyce; Huff, Leah; Bridgen, Jen; Carolan, Andrea; Chang, Ashley; Ennis, Katherine; Loynes, Kathryn; Miller, Jen

2009-01-01

This paper discusses the background, experience and outcomes of an explicitly feminist field trip to Gunther von Hagen's "Body Worlds 2: The Anatomical Exhibition of Real Human Bodies". The cultural landscape of this exhibition materialized gendered geographies very powerfully, facilitating observation and analysis of embodied and emotional,…

A Comparison of HAART Outcomes between the US Military HIV Natural History Study (NHS) and HIV Atlanta Veterans Affairs Cohort Study (HAVACS)

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-05-01

Acknowledgments The IDCRP HIV Working Group includes: Susan Banks, RN, CAPT Mary Bavaro, MD, Ionut Bebu, PhD, Helen Chun, MD, Nancy Crum- Cianflone, MD, MPH...Cathy Decker, MD, Conner Eggleston, LTC Tomas Ferguson, MD, COL Susan Fraser, MD, MAJ Joshua Hartzell, MD, MAJ Joshua Hawley, MD, LTC Gunther Hsue, MD

Unjustifiable Non-Therapy: Response to the Issue of Growth Attenuation for Young People on the Basis of Disability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bersani, Hank, Jr.; Rotholz, David A.; Eidelman, Steven M.; Pierson, Joanna L.; Bradley, Valerie J.; Gomez, Sharon C.; Havercamp, Susan M.; Silverman, Wayne P.; Yeager, Mark H.; Morin, Diane; Wehmeyer, Michael L.; Carabello, Bernard J.; Croser, M. Doreen

2007-01-01

Gunther and Diekema (2006) have described a controversial intervention they provided to Ashley, a 6-year-old girl with profound and multiple impairments, which they refer to as "growth-attenuation therapy." This intervention, approved and apparently promoted by the parents, consisted of high doses of estrogen to bring about a permanent attenuation…

Reevaluation of Vegetational Characteristics at the CERC (Coastal Engineering Research Center) Field Research Facility, Duck, North Carolina.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-03-01

var. cerifera L. Wax myrtle Onagraceae *Ludiigia aZata Ell. W. - r-priurose Oenothera frticoea L. drops 0. hisniflsa Nuttall Evening primrose... Orchidaceae Spiranthee cernua ver. odorata Nodding ladies’ (Nuttall) Correll. tresses Passiflorarese *PassifZora lutea L. Passion-flower Phytolacaceat POytoZaca

IFLA General Conference, 1987. Division of General Research Libraries. National Libraries Section. University Libraries and Other General Research Libraries Section. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

Of the 11 papers in this collection, three are in German and in English translation; one is in French with an English translation and two are in French only; one is in Spanish with an English translation; and four are in English. The papers include: (1) "Europaische Bibliotheksinitiativen = European Library Initiatives" (Gunther Pflug); (2) "Die…

The National Curriculum and Enabling Creativity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sawyer, Wayne

2008-01-01

Gunther Kress's call for a curriculum based on textual creation in a global era of instability is particularly appropriate to the present historical moment. Here I argue the need for a notion of creativity as the basis for a national curriculum in English. The kind of creativity envisaged issues out of a systems theory approach which sees…

Training within Industry as Short-Sighted Community Literacy-Appropriate Training Program: A Case Study of Worker-Centered Training and Its Implications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Remley, Dirk

2009-01-01

This essay presents a case study of the modes used in training employees at a munitions plant in Ohio between 1940 and 1945. Theories of multimodal discourse and learning advanced by The New London Group (1996), Gunther Kress and Theo Van Leeuwen (2001) and Richard Mayer (2001) inform this analysis. With an unskilled labor force and many workers…

Zines in the Classroom: Reading Culture

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buchanan, Rebekah

2012-01-01

Gunther Kress and Theo van Leeuwen assert that language-based pedagogy is not sufficient reading in the technology-driven society. Educators need to incorporate ways for students to read other signs and symbols and redefine what it means to be literate in a digital age. Still, there are many ways in which print-based texts can be used effectively…

Strategic Communications for School Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gunther, Vicki; McGowan, James; Donegan, Kate

2011-01-01

Gunther, McGowan and Donegan draw on their own experiences and those of others in the field, to explain the importance of communication in school leadership. In focusing on the communication process--why it's critical for schools, and how it can be executed well--they make the case that communication must be a primary emphasis for leaders, not an…

Pollination ecology of the rare orchid, Spiranthes diluvialis: Implications for conservation

Treesearch

Kim Pierson; Vincent J. Tepedino; Sedonia Sipes; Kim Kuta

2001-01-01

We examined the pollination ecology of Spiranthes diluvialis Sheviak, Ute ladies-tresses, a federally listed, threatened orchid species known only from small, isolated populations in the western United States. The pollinator composition, male and female reproductive success, and demography of S. diluvialis populations were examined in 1995,1997, and 1999. Spiranthes...

Handling of Bodies After Violent Death: Strategies for Coping

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-04-01

the dis- ers were together and out of public view. tress. It was reported that, during the Viet - Some body handlers were frightened of "gal- nam War...sensitivities of the families and takes ally observed on site. Participants reported pride in cosmetic treatment of the de- often feeling concerned

Evaluating Teaching in Higher Education. A Collection of Conference Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

London Univ. (England). Inst. of Education.

Some of the difficult problems related to introducing greater accountability for teaching were assessed and tentative policies considered at a British conference on higher education held in April 1975. R.C. Tress, Peter Kennedy, R. Rickett, Tom Driver, Marcus Merriman, and Alastair Stewart are the authors of the first set of papers entitled…

Estimating Slash Quantity from Standing Loblolly Pine

Treesearch

Dale D. Wade

1969-01-01

No significant difference were found between variances of two prediction equations for estimating loblolly pine crown weight from diameter breast height (d.b.h). One equation was developed from trees on the Georgia Piedmont and the other from tress on the South Carolina Coastal Plain. An equation and table are presented for estimating loblolly pine slash weights from...

U.S. Navy Womens Experience with Cervical Cancer Screening and Follow-up Care

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-07-15

encounters, non- adherence to HPV vaccines , and increased rates of sexually transmitted infections. The screening process is an excellent...167. 16. Shen-Gunther J, Shank JJ, Ta V. Gardasil HPV vaccination : Surveillance of vaccine usage and adherence in a military population. Gynecol Oneal...upsetting as it describes the primary cause of an abnormal CCS having an HPV etiology. Information that had not been disclosed to them by the provider

Cast Aluminum Structures Technology (CAST) Phase VI. Technology Transfer.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-04-01

and other aspects of the program was provided as follows: o Phase I--Preliminary Design Richard C. Jones o Phase il--Manufacturing Methods Richard G...Christner o Phase Ill--Detailed Design Richard C. Jones o Phase IV--Fabrication of Demonstration Richard G. Christner Articles and Production... Richard C. Jones, assisted by Carlos J. Romero, Christian K. Gunther, Cecil E. Parsons, and Donald D. Goehler; and by Walter Hyler of Battelle Columbus

Laser Integration on Silicon Photonic Circuits Through Transfer Printing

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-03-10

AFRL-AFOSR-UK-TR-2017-0019 Laser integration on silicon photonic circuits through transfer printing Gunther Roelkens UNIVERSITEIT GENT VZW Final...TYPE Final 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 15 Sep 2015 to 14 Sep 2016 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Laser integration on silicon photonic circuits through...parallel integration of III-V lasers on silicon photonic integrated circuits. The report discusses the technological process that has been developed as

Retrievable Vena Cava Filters in Major Trauma Patients: Prevalence of Thrombus Within the Filter

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mahrer, Arie; Zippel, Douglas; Garniek, Alexander

The purpose of this study was to report the prevalence of thrombus within a retrievable vena cava filter inserted prophylactically in major trauma patients referred for filter extraction. Between November 2002 and August 2005, 80 retrievable inferior vena cava filters (68 Optease and 12 Gunther-Tulip) were inserted into critically injured trauma patients (mean injury severity score 33.5). The filters were inserted within 1 to 6 (mean 2) days of injury. Thirty-seven patients were referred for filter removal (32 with Optease and 5 with Gunther-Tulip). The indwelling time was 7 to 22 (mean 13) days. All patients underwent inferior vena cavographymore » prior to filter removal. There were no insertion-related complications and all filters were successfully deployed. Forty-three (54%) of the 80 patients were not referred for filter removal, as these patients continued to have contraindications to anticoagulation. Thirty-seven patients (46%) were referred for filter removal. In eight of them (22%) a large thrombus was seen within the filters and they were left in place, all with the Optease device. The other 29 filters (36%) were removed uneventfully.We conclude that the relatively high prevalence of intrafilter thrombi with the Optease filter may be explained by either spontaneous thrombus formation or captured emboli.« less

Environmental Assessment for the Proposed Construction and Operation of New Vehicle Maintenance Facility

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-08-01

tridecemlineatus), fox squirrel (Sciurus niger), deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), and prairie vole (Microtus ochragaster). Common lagomorphs...Proposed Action or Alternatives 1 or 2. Several mature ponderosa pine and eight Siberian elm trees are located on the eastern and western portion of...swift fox, Preble’s meadow jumping mouse , bald eagle, ferruginous hawk, plains sharp-tailed grouse, northern leopard frog, Ute ladies’-tresses orchid

Stress Intensity Factors for Cracked Metallic Structures Under Rapid Thermal Loading

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-10-01

if applicable ) Flight Dynamics Laboratory (AFWAL/FIBFC) APTECH Engineering Services Air Force Wright Aeronautical Laboratories 6c. ADDRESS (City...SPONSORING Bb OFFICE SYMBOL 9 PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ORGANIZATION (If applicable ) DOD SBIR Program Office F33615-86-C-3217 8c...flawed components requires the application of fracture mechanics wherein crack tip -tress intensity factors are used to provide a quantitative means

Threatened and Endangered Species on Army Installations: A MACOM Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-12-01

cragini (C) ONSITE Fish Greenback Cutthroat Trout, Oncorhynchus clarki stomias (T) Restrictions Expenditures Plants Ute Ladies’-tresses, Spiranthes...Obovaria retusa Ring Pink (E) Clam Ft. Campbell FORSCOM 102 USACERL TR-98/18 Oncorhynchus clarki stomias Greenback Cutthroat Trout (T) Fish Ft. Carson...IMPACT: Units may not construct hard surfaces during active period unless survey is completed. Otherwise no impact. ONCORHYNCHUS CLARKI STOMIAS FT

Sex Differences in Coping Strategies in Military Survival School

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-01-01

symptoms: a moderating relationship? Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 120, 240–246. Ramchand, R., Snell, T. L., Karney, B. R., Osilla, K. C., Burns, R...disorder a b s t r a c t A wealth of research has examined psychological responses to trauma among male military service mem- bers...experiencing psychological distress, including posttraumatic tress symptoms (PTSS), because of that experience (Breslau, 2009). herefore, it is

Combat Stress Reaction and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

CONDUCTED . PSYCHOLOGICAL, PHYSIOL..3ICAL S. AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE AETIO ..OGY OF BOTH DISORDERS WERE DISCUSSED, WITH A SPECIAL...reviewsof the Literature examining Combat Stress Reactions and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder s conducted . PsychotogicaL, physiotogicaL and environsmet...Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1987, 43, 1:, 44 - 53. Figley C.R. red] !,tress Disorders Among Vietnam Veterans: Theory , Research and Development

Hair Shaft Damage from Heat and Drying Time of Hair Dryer

PubMed Central

Lee, Yoonhee; Kim, Youn-Duk; Hyun, Hye-Jin; Pi, Long-quan; Jin, Xinghai

2011-01-01

Background Hair dryers are commonly used and can cause hair damage such as roughness, dryness and loss of hair color. It is important to understand the best way to dry hair without causing damage. Objective The study assessed changes in the ultra-structure, morphology, moisture content, and color of hair after repeated shampooing and drying with a hair dryer at a range of temperatures. Methods A standardized drying time was used to completely dry each hair tress, and each tress was treated a total of 30 times. Air flow was set on the hair dryer. The tresses were divided into the following five test groups: (a) no treatment, (b) drying without using a hair dryer (room temperature, 20℃), (c) drying with a hair dryer for 60 seconds at a distance of 15 cm (47℃), (d) drying with a hair dryer for 30 seconds at a distance of 10 cm (61℃), (e) drying with a hair dryer for 15 seconds at a distance of 5 cm (95℃). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and lipid TEM were performed. Water content was analyzed by a halogen moisture analyzer and hair color was measured with a spectrophotometer. Results Hair surfaces tended to become more damaged as the temperature increased. No cortex damage was ever noted, suggesting that the surface of hair might play a role as a barrier to prevent cortex damage. Cell membrane complex was damaged only in the naturally dried group without hair dryer. Moisture content decreased in all treated groups compared to the untreated control group. However, the differences in moisture content among the groups were not statistically significant. Drying under the ambient and 95℃ conditions appeared to change hair color, especially into lightness, after just 10 treatments. Conclusion Although using a hair dryer causes more surface damage than natural drying, using a hair dryer at a distance of 15 cm with continuous motion causes less damage than drying hair naturally. PMID:22148012

Les expériences de victimisation, la santé mentale et le bien-être de jeunes trans au Québec

PubMed Central

Raymond, Guillaume; Blais, Martin; Bergeron, Félix-Antoine; Hébert, Martine

2016-01-01

Résumé Les normes traditionnelles de genre prescrivent l’adéquation de l’expression de la masculinité et de la féminité au sexe anatomique de naissance. Les personnes qui présentent des variations dans l’expression de genre sont sujettes à diverses formes de réactions sociales suggérant la réprobation (des regards désapprobateurs aux violences physiques) susceptibles d’influencer négativement leur santé mentale. Trente-sept (37) jeunes se décrivant comme trans ou en questionnement sur leur identité de genre ont été recrutés dans le cadre de l’enquête sur les Parcours Amoureux des Jeunes de minorités sexuelles du Québec. Leurs expériences de victimisation parentale et de victimisation basée sur la non-conformité de genre ainsi que des indicateurs de santé mentale (détresse psychologique, estime de soi) ont été mesurés. Afin de comparer les expériences de victimisation et l’état de santé mentale des jeunes trans, ils ont été appariés à 37 garçons et 37 filles cisgenres sur la base de leurs caractéristiques sociodémographiques. Des analyses de prévalence et un modèle acheminatoire ont été réalisés. Les résultats mettent en évidence que les jeunes trans sont plus susceptibles de présenter des scores cliniques de détresse psychologique et de faible estime d’eux-mêmes que leurs pairs cisgenres. La violence verbale parentale et la victimisation basée sur la non-conformité de genre influencent négativement l’estime de soi, ce qui en retour augmente la probabilité de vivre de la détresse psychologique. Les résultats appuient l’importance des interventions de soutien à la diversité sexuelle et de genre. PMID:26966849

PubMed

Vila Masse, Samantha

2018-01-22

Examiner le lien entre les conditions de travail et la santé mentale des travailleurs-euses de la restauration.MÉTHODE : L'échantillon se compose de 652 travailleurs-euses de la restauration issus de l'ESCC-SM de 2012. Des analyses de régression linéaire hiérarchique sont effectuées et ajustées en fonction de divers facteurs sélectionnés (sociodémographiques, habitudes de vie). Les conditions de travail sont mesurées en partie selon le Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) de Karasek et Theorell. La détresse psychologique est mesurée à partir de l'échelle K6 de Kessler. La santé mentale positive est mesurée à partir du Continuum de santé mentale-version abrégée (MHC-SF) de Keyes.RÉSULTATS : Les fortes exigences psychologiques, le travail à temps partiel et les fortes exigences physiques sont associés de façon positive à la détresse psychologique des travailleurs-euses de la restauration, alors que le soutien social des collègues y est associé de façon inverse. Pour la santé mentale positive des travailleurs-euses de la restauration, l'insécurité d'emploi, les fortes exigences psychologiques et la faible latitude décisionnelle sont associées de façon négative tandis que le soutien social des collègues y est associé inversement. Cette étude souligne l'importance de considérer à la fois les aspects positifs et négatifs de la santé mentale. En effet, les facteurs associés à la santé mentale positive et à la détresse psychologique des travailleurs-euses de la restauration sont différents, voire associés en direction inverse.

Leninism with a Human Face: National Strategy in Lee Kuan Yew’s Singapore

DTIC Science & Technology

1996-09-13

1 c ?I. Turnball, A H_zstory of Singapore, 1819-1988 Singapore- Oxford Unlverslty Tress, 1988) 297. --How to maintain domestic political stability given... political stability . Accordingly, many 2rc3grams wit-? obszenslbly dl5ferent goals carried a "unlzyl twist. For example, the housing modernization program...transforming Singapore into an economic sowerhouse, enztancinq political stability , while maintaining :and perhaps even increasing) social cohesion is an

Physical Processes in Hollow Cathode Discharge

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-12-01

State University. Finally, many thanks to my wife, Kyoung -Sook and my son, Frederick Teut, for their love and being supportive for two and half years...recommended for all electron emission purposes. 46 REFERENCES 1. Kim Gunther, "Hollow Cathode Plasma Source" ( Spectra-Mat Hollow Cathode Manual...59 Dong 401 Ho Seoul, Republic of Korea 8. Maj. Kim , Jong-Ryul 1 Postal Code 500-00 Book-Gu, Du-Am Dong, 874-14 Kwang-Ju, Republic of Korea 9. Maj

Efficacy of Punica granatum L. hydroalcoholic extract on properties of dyed hair exposed to UVA radiation.

PubMed

Dario, Michelli Ferrera; Pahl, Richard; de Castro, Jordana Rodrigues; de Lima, Fernando Soares; Kaneko, Telma Mary; Pinto, Claudinéia A S O; Baby, André Rolim; Velasco, Maria Valéria Robles

2013-03-05

The solar radiation promotes color fading of natural and dyed hair by free radical generation, which oxidize the pigments, and it has been proposed the incorporation of antioxidants in order to reduce the alterations of hair color. Due to its high content of polyphenols and tannins, which are potent antioxidants, the hydroalcoholic extract of Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) was used in this research. Hair care formulations containing pomegranate extract were applied to red dyed hair tresses, and these were exposed to UVA radiation. Non-ionic silicone emulsion presenting color protection properties were also used for comparison purpose between the results obtained with different treatments, including silicone in combination with the pomegranate extract. The pomegranate extract at 5.0% and 10.0%w/w was effective in preventing the hair color fading in 37.6% and 60.8%, respectively, but the association of hydroalcoholic extract and non-ionic silicone emulsion is not encouraged. Mechanical properties were not affected by UVA radiation, since significant differences in breaking strength were not observed. Considering the conditions which the tresses have been exposed, it was concluded that the pomegranate extract at 10.0% w/w in hair care formulations are effective in reducing color fading of red dyed hair. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Environmental Assessment of the 445th Airlift Wing Conversion from C-141C to C-5 Aircraft at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-08-01

communities include grasses such as bromegrass (Bromus spp.), goldenrod (Solidago spp.), ironweed ( Vernonia spp.), and some woody species. Associated old...virginicus NL T Tall larkspur a Delphinium exaltatum NL P Butternut b Juglans cinerea NL P Green Plains ladies’- tresses a, b Myriophyllum...verticillatum NL P False gromwell a Onosmodium molle NL P Royal catchfly a Silene regia NL P Pigeon Grape b Vitis cinerea NL P Sources: aWPAFB 2001a

REMR (Repair, Evaluation, Maintenance, and Rehabilitation) Research Program Development Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-02-01

that can halt fur- ther damage. Cases where rock reinforcement has been used to limit dis- tress will be evaluated to examine the effectiveness of the...Corps to perform its REMR activities in a rapid, quality- oriented, and cost- effective manner. b. Increase the service life of all Civil Works projects...environmental effects of REMR and development of an operations management system to provide guidance on scheduling REMR activities. REMR Terminology The

Structure Limits for a 30mm Annular Piston.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-05-01

block at the rear, ending the cycle. III. STRESS ANALYSIS PROCEDURE tress data was generated using the SAAS -II finite element computer code. Applied...Plastics Avenue Rockford, IL 61125 Pittsfield, MA 01201-3698 1 Veritay Technology, Inc. 1 General Electric Company ATTN: E.B. Fisher Armament Systems... VALUATION Slit:ET/CHANGE 01- ADDRESS -hi s laboratoryN undertakes a continuing effort to improve the quality of the( re-ports it publishe,4. Yfour comments

Gemini-Titan - Prelaunch

NASA Image and Video Library

1966-07-18

S66-42738 (18 July 1966) --- Astronaut John W. Young, Gemini-10 command pilot, holds a pair of king-size pliers presented to him by the crew at Pad 19 for in-flight first-echelon maintenance of a spacecraft utility power cord Young earlier had difficulty in connecting. Gunther Wendt (right center background), Pad 19 leader, jokes with Young about the pliers. At right is Dr. Donald K. Slayton, MSC Director of Flight Crew Operations. At left is astronaut Michael Collins, Gemini-10 pilot. Photo credit: NASA

Photon-Enhanced Electron Attachment Processes in Discharge-Opening Switches.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-02-01

period from 15 August 1983 through Auget 4 By: M. J. Rossi, H. Helm, and D. C. Lorents MAY 2 699 Prepared for: U.S. ARMY RESEARCH OFFICE P.O. Box 12211...A.. - .. Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Attention: Dr. R. Gunther and Dr. D. Skatrud Contract No. DAAG29-83-K-01 13 SRI Project PYU-6261 Approved...iDENTIFICATION NUMBER ORGANIZATION (if applicable) J.S. Army Research office [________A -X e3 Ot-03 SC. ADDRESS (City, State. and ZIP Code) 10 SOURCE OF

Stand density guides for predicting growth of forest tress of southwest Idaho

Treesearch

Douglas D. Basford; John Sloan; Joy Roberts

2010-01-01

This paper presents a method for estimating stand growth from stand density and average diameter in stands of pure and mixed species in Southwest Idaho. The methods are adapted from a model developed for Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, and lodgepole pine on the Salmon National Forest. Growth data were derived from ponderosa pine increment cores taken from sample plots on...

A Survival Model for Shortleaf Pine Tress Growing in Uneven-Aged Stands

Treesearch

Thomas B. Lynch; Lawrence R. Gering; Michael M. Huebschmann; Paul A. Murphy

1999-01-01

A survival model for shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) trees growing in uneven-aged stands was developed using data from permanently established plots maintained by an industrial forestry company in western Arkansas. Parameters were fitted to a logistic regression model with a Bernoulli dependent variable in which "0" represented...

First on the Line: The 35th Engineer Battalion in World War Two and the Evolution of a High-Performance Combat Unit

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-12-11

adherence to established standards by his leaders while training their men that allowed this discipline to take root within the ranks. While he had...it seems they will topple over backwards, until all at once the tree and roots give way, and cat and tress come to earth together.‖ 35 Following...even after Ingalls‘ departure. But few could deny the impact that Ingalls‘ methods had on the organization. Many found that the roots of the

La victimisation homophobe et liée à la non-conformité de genre et l’adaptation scolaire et psychosociale chez les 14–22 ans : Résultats d’une enquête québécoise

PubMed Central

Boucher, Kathleen; Blais, Martin; Hébert, Martine; Gervais, Jesse; Banville-Côté, Christine; Bédard, Isabelle; Dragieva, Nataliya

2017-01-01

Résumés Cet article étudie la victimisation homophobe et liée à la non-conformité de genre et ses effets sur l’adaptation scolaire et psychosociale de jeunes Québécois. Un échantillon non probabiliste de 262 jeunes (173 filles, 89 garçons), âgés de 14 à 22 ans (M = 17,9 ans) a été constitué. Des comparaisons bivariées et un modèle d’équations structurales ont été réalisés. Les jeunes LGBTQ affichent un sentiment de sécurité à l’école et une réussite scolaire autoévaluée plus faibles et un niveau de détresse psychologique plus élevé. Les résultats montrent que la victimisation homophobe, le soutien social des amis, la détresse psychologique et le sentiment de sécurité à l’école jouent un rôle médiateur important dans la réussite scolaire autoévaluée des jeunes LGBTQ. Ces constats appuient l’importance de mettre en place des interventions pour réduire l’homophobie dans les écoles et soulignent le rôle central des pairs dans cet effort. PMID:28191287

Visual attention to and perception of undamaged and damaged versions of natural and colored female hair.

PubMed

Fink, Bernhard; Neuser, Frauke; Deloux, Gwenelle; Röder, Susanne; Matts, Paul J

2013-03-01

Female hair color is thought to influence physical attractiveness, and although there is some evidence for this assertion, research has yet not addressed the question if and how physical damaging affects the perception of female hair color. Here we investigate whether people are sensitive (in terms of visual attention and age, health and attractiveness perception) to subtle differences in hair images of natural and colored hair before and after physical damaging. We tracked the eye-gaze of 50 men and 50 women aged 31-50 years whilst they viewed randomized pairs of images of 20 natural and 20 colored hair tresses, each pair displaying the same tress before and after controlled cuticle damage. The hair images were then rated for perceived health, attractiveness, and age. Undamaged versions of natural and colored hair were perceived as significantly younger, healthier, and more attractive than corresponding damaged versions. Visual attention to images of undamaged colored hair was significantly higher compared with their damaged counterparts, while in natural hair, the opposite pattern was found. We argue that the divergence in visual attention to undamaged colored female hair and damaged natural female hair and associated ratings is due to differences in social perception and discuss the source of apparent visual difference between undamaged and damaged hair. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Early Phase Endotoxin Tolerance: A Study of the Cellular Mechanisms which Underlie a State of Acquired Refractoriness to Endotoxin-induced Toxic Manifestations

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-12-13

Her leadership , help, and understanding at crltlcal times will always be remembered. Thank you for help ing me attain this great goal and captu~e a...by Braude §1 ~!- (1955) and Cremer and Watson (1957 ) to be the primary site of endotoxin localization following i.v. injection] were st imulated by...A-specif ic tr iggeri ng r eceptor on murine B lymp hocytes. Eur. J. Immunol. 8:63 . Cremer , N. and D.W. Watson. 1957. Inf luence of s tress on

Glossary of Terms and Definitions Concerning the Safety and Suitability for Service of Munitions, Explosives and Related Products (Glossaire de Termes et Definitions sur la Securite et L’Aptitude au Service de Munitions, Matieres Explosives et Produits Associes)

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-04-01

de mines à la mar jettisoned mine L lancement launch largage jettison largage de détresse en condition de sécurité safe...configuration logistique Etat des conditions d’un matériel prévu pour le stockage et le transport par voies de communication. Pour les munition...durée de vie en service, durée de vie opérationnelle, cycle de vie, conditions de stockage et de transit] ANNEX C to /ANNEXE C à

Photoelastic Studies of Internal Stress Distributions of Unidirectional Composites.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-12-01

MMR9 rR-80 56 ___ _ - 𔃽 4. TiTLEand Subtitle) 5. TYPE OF RPOBT & PERIOD COVERED /f Fina1,eprt - _OTOELASIIC UDIES OF LNTERNAL TRESS i11 Sep 79 1-ll...34 verre a, If t nece, e.ry and Identify by block number) ..... ’Io-dimensional phutoelastli, models were used to determine internal taading-. and...The same matrix was used in preparing unidirectional proto- type composite 3pecimens with glass fibers (G filament size.) Six layers of glass roving

Policy Dilemmas in Brazil-Africa Relations,

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-01-22

drive was described by Ambassador Paulo Tarso Flecha de Lima, head of the Foreign Ministry’s Commercial Promotion SeTion: "One of the decisive plays of...now seeing Erssilia, Rio de Janeiro, and Sac Paulc for the first time find a largely canitalist model, widespread foreign investment, and a level of...Tress as having suggested that Brazil mediate in some fashion in the dispute over Namibian in- - :nderen.ence. The gove rnent de : ineJ on the basis Cf

Conception, analyse et caracterisation des proprietes mecaniques de ressorts composites a renfort tresse

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zebdi, Oussama

High performance composites reinforced by woven or braided fabrics have several different applications in various fields such as in the aerospace, automobile and marine industry. This research project was carried out at the Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal in collaboration with an industrial sponsor, the company Composites Atlantic Ltd. Composite springs often represent an interesting alternative, given the reduction in weight that they allow with equal mechanical performance compared to metallic springs. Their good resistance to fatigue and corrosion bring additional benefits in several industrial applications. Moreover, the use of the composites increases safety by avoiding the risks of brutal rupture because of the low propagation velocity of cracks in this type of material. Lastly, in electrotechnics, another significant advantage comes into play because of the electrical insulation capability of composite springs. Few research results can be found on composite springs in the scientific literature. The first part of this thesis studies the problems connected with the design of composite springs. The results are promising, because it was confirmed that composite springs can be devised with the same mechanical performance in term of stiffness as metallic ones. Two solutions were found to replace the metallic springs of the suspension of a four wheel drive: the first spring was in carbon-epoxy, and the second one in glass-epoxy. In the second part, software was developed in order to devise a new approach to predict the mechanical properties of woven or braided composites. This work shows how an inverse method based on plate laminate theory allows creating, from experimental results on braided composites, a virtual basic ply that includes the effect of fiber architecture (undulation and braiding angle). Using this model, the properties of the composite can be predicted for any braid angle. The comparison with the experimental results shows a good correlation with numerical predictions. In third part, an experimental study on creep was conducted on composite plates manufactured with the same constitutive materials as the composite springs. Creep tests in three point bending were carried out with Q800 DMA machine. The results showed that creep behavior depends primarily on the polymer matrix. However, rigidity is a function of the fiber-matrix mixture. The braiding angle of 35° corresponds to a characteristic threshold for braided composites: beyond this value, rigidity falls in a creep test at a temperature higher than Tg. It represents also a critical angle in bending or in tensile tests. Above 35°, the failure mode of the composite goes from fragile (rupture of fibers) to a mixed mode, in which the polymer matrix comes also into play with fibers. A good stability was observed for the composites with a braiding angle lower than +/- 35° or higher than +/-60°. Long-term tests were also carried out for two braided composites at +/- 45° and +/- 55° in order to check the predictive model of the DMA. The shift factors obtained from the short and long term tests are roughly equal. This thesis has set the ground for the future development on industrial applications of composite springs. The design software predicts the mechanical effectiveness of helical composite springs. The software developed to predict the elastic properties of braided composites accelerates the preparation of characterization results for the design stage. This numerical tool could be generalized for other fiber architectures. It represents a practical tool for further investigations. Finally, the study on creep, although preliminary, provides a first evaluation of the life cycle of composite springs. It would be interesting to proceed now to the design of a first industrial application.

Development of molecular tests for the detection of ILAR and latent viruses in fruit trees.

PubMed

Roussel, S; Kummert, J; Dutrecq, O; Lepoivre, P; Jijakli, M H

2004-01-01

The detection throughout the year of latent and ILAR viruses in fruit tress by classical serological tests appear to be unreliable. We have developed RT-PCR tests for a reliable detection of latent and ILAR viruses in fruit trees. These assays were then simplified to allow the direct use of crude plant extracts instead of total RNA preparations, and the analyses of pooled samples. In this way, such RT-PCR protocols are suitable for a routine diagnosis of latent and ILAR viruses in fruit tree certification.

Adaptive Sampling using Support Vector Machines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

D. Mandelli; C. Smith

2012-11-01

Reliability/safety analysis of stochastic dynamic systems (e.g., nuclear power plants, airplanes, chemical plants) is currently performed through a combination of Event-Tress and Fault-Trees. However, these conventional methods suffer from certain drawbacks: • Timing of events is not explicitly modeled • Ordering of events is preset by the analyst • The modeling of complex accident scenarios is driven by expert-judgment For these reasons, there is currently an increasing interest into the development of dynamic PRA methodologies since they can be used to address the deficiencies of conventional methods listed above.

Advanced Life Analysis Methods. Volume 3. Experimental Evaluation of Crack Growth Analysis Methods for Attachment Lugs

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-09-17

hole at an angle to the radial direction. No 6t.ress intensity factors were developed for a non -radial crack. To circumvent non -radial growth, for which...Structural Lugs 10 6.00 TETM TESX, MARI LOCKHEED L𔃼.0 GRUP IIhA AND 2Rii * 2~~~~.0 .RUPINI .01 .05 1 .2 .5. 9 99PROABLTY F*ý,r 1-40 4oprsno R ato nTs rga... controlled and systematically varied. In the fifth column of the table it is shown whether or not the pin is lubricated during testing. Loading directions

Experiencing Body Worlds: voyeurism, education, or enlightenment?

PubMed

Moore, Charleen M; Brown, C Mackenzie

2007-12-01

Until the advent of plastinated cadavers, few outside the medical professions have had firsthand experience with human corpses. Such opportunities are now available at the Body Worlds exhibits of Gunther von Hagens. After an overview of these exhibits, we explore visitor responses as revealed in comment books available upon exiting the exhibit. Cultural, philosophical, and religious issues raised in the comments serve as a microcosm of society at large. The conclusion considers the challenge of such exhibits in introducing the public to science education, notes the image of the body as machine-so prevalent in the West-reflected in visitor comments, and finds hope that the exhibits promote, for many visitors, a sense of community among all humankind.

[Rapid prediction of annual ring density of Paulownia elongate standing tress using near infrared spectroscopy].

PubMed

Jiang, Ze-Hui; Wang, Yu-Rong; Fei, Ben-Hua; Fu, Feng; Hse, Chung-Yun

2007-06-01

Rapid prediction of annual ring density of Paulownia elongate standing trees using near infrared spectroscopy was studied. It was non-destructive to collect the samples for trees, that is, the wood cores 5 mm in diameter were unthreaded at the breast height of standing trees instead of fallen trees. Then the spectra data were collected by autoscan method of NIR. The annual ring density was determined by mercury immersion. And the models were made and analyzed by the partial least square (PLS) and full cross validation in the 350-2 500 nm wavelength range. The results showed that high coefficients were obtained between the annual ring and the NIR fitted data. The correlation coefficient of prediction model was 0.88 and 0.91 in the middle diameter and bigger diameter, respectively. Moreover, high coefficients of correlation were also obtained between annual ring density laboratory-determined and the NIR fitted data in the middle diameter of Paulownia elongate standing trees, the correlation coefficient of calibration model and prediction model were 0.90 and 0.83, and the standard errors of calibration (SEC) and standard errors of prediction(SEP) were 0.012 and 0.016, respectively. The method can simply, rapidly and non-destructively estimate the annual ring density of the Paulownia elongate standing trees close to the cutting age.

Romantic Joseph Lenné Landscape Park in Zatonie Near Zielona Góra as a Relic of Garden Art - Modern-Day Transformations and Threats

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kochańska, Agnieszka

2016-09-01

The romantic landscape park was established in 1824 by order of one of the best-known aristocrats at the time, Princess Dorothea Talleyrand Perigold, Dutchess of Dino. The park is an example of amenity horticulture of artistic value that has survived to this day. The creator of the park was the talented landscape architect Peter Joseph Lenné. In its current state, the park differs significantly from the image on lithographs of the past. Upon carrying out field investigations and comparative studies, it was established that the maintained stand of tress holds high compositional value. The conclusions of the article define the current threats to the longevity of the park as well as highlighting the plan of revalorization works.

Une tachycardie à QRS large mal tolérée chez un nourrisson

PubMed Central

Affangla, Désiré Alain; Leye, Mohamed; Simo, Angèle Wabo; D’Almeida, Franck; Sarr, Thérèse Yandé; Phiri, Adamson; Kane, Adama

2017-01-01

Les tachycardies à QRS large mal tolérées du nourrisson posent le problème de leur diagnostic et de la prise en charge en urgence. Nous rapportons un cas de tachycardie à QRS large chez un nourrisson de 35 jours reçu pour détresse cardio-circulatoire. Le cœur était morphologiquement normal à l’échographie cardiaque Doppler. Un traitement par une dose charge d’Amiodarone n’a pas permis de réduire cette tachycardie. Un retour en rythme sinusal a été obtenu après cardioversion par un défibrillateur externe semi-automatique type Lifeline. Un traitement d’entretien par Amiodarone per os est institué et le patient est en rythme sinusal à 03 mois. PMID:28904685

Address the Major Societal Challenges

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laubichler, Manfred

In his famous historical account about the origins of molecular biology Gunther Stent introduced a three phase sequence that turns out to be characteristic for many newly emerging paradigms within science. New ideas, according to Stent, follow a sequence of romantic, dogmatic, and academic phases. One can easily see that complex systems science followed this path. The question now is whether we are in an extended academic phase of gradually expanding both theoretical and practical knowledge, or whether we are entering a new transformation of complex systems science that might well bring about a new romantic phase. I would argue that complexity science, indeed, is at the dawn of a new period - let's call it complexity 3.0. The last academic phase has seen the application of complex systems ideas and methods in a variety of different domains. It has been to a large extent business as usual...

"Modern medical science and the divine providence of god": rethinking the place of religion in postwar U.S. medical history.

PubMed

Golden, Janet; Abel, Emily K

2014-10-01

Drawing on a large cache of letters to John and Frances Gunther after the death of their son as well as memoirs and fiction by bereaved parents, this essay challenges the assumptions of secularization that infuse histories of twentieth-century American medicine. Many parents who experienced the death of children during the postwar period relied heavily on religion to help make sense of the tragedies medicine could not prevent. Parental accounts included expression of belief in divine intervention and the power of prayer, gratitude for God's role in minimizing suffering, confidence in the existence of an afterlife, and acceptance of the will of God. Historians seeking to understand how parents and families understood both the delivery of medical care and the cultural authority of medical science must integrate an understanding of religious experiences and faith into their work. © The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Quark Matter 2011 (QM11) Quark Matter 2011 (QM11)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2011-12-01

International Advisory Committee Antinori, FedericoPaic, Guy Braun-Munzinger, PeterPajares, Carlos Cifarelli, LuisaPeitzmann, Thomas Erazmus, BarbaraRedlich, Krzysztof Eskola, KariRiccati, Lodovico Gaardhøje, Jens JørgenRoland, Gunther Gale, CharlesRoy, Christelle Gelis, FrancoisSchukraft, Jürgen Giubellino, PaoloSinha, Bikash Greiner, CarstenSrivastava, Dinesh Gyulassy, MiklosStachel, Johanna Harris, JohnSteinberg, Peter Hatsuda, TetsuoStroth, Joachim Heinz, UlrichSugitate, Toru Jacak, BarbaraTserruya, Itzhak Karsch, FrithjofVelkovska, Julia Kharzeev, DimaWang, Enke Kodama, TakeshiWang, Xin, Nian Lévai, PéterWessels, Johannes Manko, VladislavXu, Nu Müller, BerndtZajc, William Ollitrault, Jean-Yves Organizing Committee Arleo, FrancoisDupieux, Pascal Bastid, NicoleFurget, Christophe Bourgeois, Marie-LaureGranier de Cassagnac, Raphael Bregant, MarcoGuernane, Rachid Carminati, FedericoHervet, Carnita Castillo, JavierKuhn, Christian Cheynis, BrigitteOlivier, Nathalie Conesa, DelValle, Zaida Connor, MichelleRenshall, Lucy Crochet, PhilippeSuire, Christophe Delagrange, HuguesTihinen, Ulla Program Committee Schutz, Yves (Chair)Baldisseri, Alberto Wiedemann, Urs (co-Chair)Safarik, Karel Aurenche, Patrick

Infection by anisakid nematodes contracaecum spp. in the Mayan cichlid fish 'Cichlasoma (Nandopsis)' urophthalmus (Gunther 1862).

PubMed

Bergmann, Gaddy T; Motta, Philip J

2004-04-01

Larval nematodes that parasitize the Mayan cichlid fish 'Cichlasoma (Nandopsis)' urophthalmus (Günther 1862) in southern Florida were identified as Contracaecum spp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae, Anisakinae). The objective of this study was to determine whether infection intensity and prevalence of these parasites differ between a brackish water and freshwater habitat or through ontogeny in the freshwater habitat only. The nematodes were removed from the abdominal cavity of the fishes and counted. Infection intensity was compared between habitats using analysis of covariance and evaluated through ontogeny using Spearman rank order correlation. Prevalence was compared between habitats and between adults and juveniles from the freshwater habitat using a z-test. Although infection intensity did not differ between habitats, infection prevalence was greater at the freshwater site (FWS). Both the prevalence and intensity of nematode infection increased through ontogeny at the FWS, and no nematode was found in fishes that were smaller than 93 mm standard length. Thus, the parasites appear to accumulate during the lifetime of the fishes.

Le paludisme grave d’importation chez l’adulte: étude rétrospective de treize cas admis en réanimation à Marrakech

PubMed Central

El Mezouari, El Mostafa; Belhadj, Ayoub; Ziani, Mohamed; Boughanem, Mohamed; Moutaj, Redouane

2016-01-01

Le paludisme d’importation est une affection de plus en plus fréquente en zone non endémique. Les formes graves représentent 10 % des cas de paludisme à Plasmodium falciparum. Au Maroc, plus de 50 cas de paludisme sont enregistrés chaque année dont 83 % à P. falciparum. Ont été inclus dans l’étude tous les patients ayant développé un paludisme grave, admis au service de réanimation durant la période comprise entre le 1er Novembre 2009 et le 31 décembre 2015. Les principales données épidémiologiques, les motifs d’admission, la prise en charge et l’évolution ont été étudiés. Treize patients sont retenus. L’âge moyen est de 31 ans. Tous les patients ont séjourné en afrique subsaharienne et étaient non-immuns. La chimioprophylaxie était adéquate dans 33% des cas. Le délai moyen entre le début des symptômes et l’instauration du traitement était de six jours. La parasitémie moyenne initiale était de 12 %. Les motifs d’admission en réanimation étaient un coma (15%), une convulsion (07%), une détresse respiratoire (07%), une prostration (07%), une insuffisance rénale (07%), un choc associé à un ictère et une acidose (07%) et enfin une insuffisance rénale conjuguée à un coma (07%). Tous les patients ont reçu un traitement par la quinine intraveineuse avec une dose de charge dans 100 % des cas. Le taux de mortalité était de 23 %. Les causes du décès étaient dues à la défaillance multi viscérale et au syndrome de détresse respiratoire aigu. La mortalité des formes graves du paludisme reste élevée. L’adéquation de la chimioprophylaxie associée à la précocité du diagnostic et du traitement permettrait d’améliorer significativement le pronostic de cette parasitose. PMID:28292141

Huygens, Mackintosh, Dalí, and Medusa: Polarization engineering (and more?)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lakhtakia, Akhlesh

2010-08-01

As Christiaan Huygens must have felt in his bones but could not have articulated with a mathematical theory, engineering of the polarization state of light is easily accomplished with anisotropic materials. Examine a crystal to see that its capabilities are quite restricted by its rigid Cartesian morphology reminiscent of the straitened designs of Charles Rennie Mackintosh. But let loose the genius of Salvador Dalí to transform straight rods into the flowing tresses of Medusa, and you begin to appreciate what all can be done to the polarization state by nanoengineering morphology such that it is locally cartesian but globally curvilinear. If you exclaim "What rot!," a few simple examples may suffice to convince you that engineering of both the polarization state and the operating frequency band can be accomplished by nanoengineering the morphology of complex substances called sculptured thin films (STFs). These nanoengineered metamaterials offer other promises too.

Estimation of the distribution of Tabebuia guayacan (Bignoniaceae) using high-resolution remote sensing imagery.

PubMed

Sánchez-Azofeifa, Arturo; Rivard, Benoit; Wright, Joseph; Feng, Ji-Lu; Li, Peijun; Chong, Mei Mei; Bohlman, Stephanie A

2011-01-01

Species identification and characterization in tropical environments is an emerging field in tropical remote sensing. Significant efforts are currently aimed at the detection of tree species, of levels of forest successional stages, and the extent of liana occurrence at the top of canopies. In this paper we describe our use of high resolution imagery from the Quickbird Satellite to estimate the flowering population of Tabebuia guayacan trees at Barro Colorado Island (BCI), in Panama. The imagery was acquired on 29 April 2002 and 21 March 2004. Spectral Angle Mapping via a One-Class Support Vector machine was used to detect the presence of 422 and 557 flowering tress in the April 2002 and March 2004 imagery. Of these, 273 flowering trees are common to both dates. This study presents a new perspective on the effectiveness of high resolution remote sensing for monitoring a phenological response and its use as a tool for potential conservation and management of natural resources in tropical environments.

Numerical simulation of a compressible homogeneous, turbulent shear flow. Ph.D. Thesis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Feiereisen, W. J.; Reynolds, W. C.; Ferziger, J. H.

1981-01-01

A direct, low Reynolds number, numerical simulation was performed on a homogeneous turbulent shear flow. The full compressible Navier-Stokes equations were used in a simulation on the ILLIAC IV computer with a 64,000 mesh. The flow fields generated by the code are used as an experimental data base, to examine the behavior of the Reynols stresses in this simple, compressible flow. The variation of the structure of the stresses and their dynamic equations as the character of the flow changed is emphasized. The structure of the tress tensor is more heavily dependent on the shear number and less on the fluctuating Mach number. The pressure-strain correlation tensor in the dynamic uations is directly calculated in this simulation. These correlations are decomposed into several parts, as contrasted with the traditional incompressible decomposition into two parts. The performance of existing models for the conventional terms is examined, and a model is proposed for the 'mean fluctuating' part.

Estimation of the Distribution of Tabebuia guayacan (Bignoniaceae) Using High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery

PubMed Central

Sánchez-Azofeifa, Arturo; Rivard, Benoit; Wright, Joseph; Feng, Ji-Lu; Li, Peijun; Chong, Mei Mei; Bohlman, Stephanie A.

2011-01-01

Species identification and characterization in tropical environments is an emerging field in tropical remote sensing. Significant efforts are currently aimed at the detection of tree species, of levels of forest successional stages, and the extent of liana occurrence at the top of canopies. In this paper we describe our use of high resolution imagery from the Quickbird Satellite to estimate the flowering population of Tabebuia guayacan trees at Barro Colorado Island (BCI), in Panama. The imagery was acquired on 29 April 2002 and 21 March 2004. Spectral Angle Mapping via a One-Class Support Vector machine was used to detect the presence of 422 and 557 flowering tress in the April 2002 and March 2004 imagery. Of these, 273 flowering trees are common to both dates. This study presents a new perspective on the effectiveness of high resolution remote sensing for monitoring a phenological response and its use as a tool for potential conservation and management of natural resources in tropical environments. PMID:22163825

COMMITTEES: SQM2009 - 14th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter SQM2009 - 14th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2008-04-01

Local Organizing Committee Takeshi Kodama Chair, UFRJ Jun Takahashi Co-chair, UNICAMP Ignácio Bediaga e Hickman CBPF Eduardo Fraga UFRJ Frederique Grassi USP Yogiro Hama USP Gastão Krein IFT Erasmo Madureira Ferreira UFRJ Marcelo G. Munhoz USP Fernando Navarra USP Sandra Padula IFT Alejandro Szanto de Toledo USP César Augusto Zen Vasconcellos UFRGS International Advisory Committee Jörg Aichelin Nantes Federico Antinori Padova Tamás Biró Budapest Peter Braun-Munzinger GSI Jean Cleymans Cape Town Láaszló Csernai Bergen Timothy Hallman BNL Huan Zhong Huang UCLA Takeshi Kodama Rio de Janeiro Yu-Gang Ma Shanghai Jes Madsen Aarhus Ágnes Mócsy Pratt University Berndt Müller Duke University Grazyna Odyniec LBNL Helmut Oeschler Darmstadt Johann Rafelski Arizona Hans Georg Ritter LBNL Gunther Rolland MIT Karel Šafařík CERN Ladislav Sandor Kosice University Jack Sandweiss Yale University George S F Stephans MIT Horst Stöcker Frankfurt Larry McLerranBNL Helmut Satz Universitä Bielefeld Nu Xu LBNL Fuqiang Wang Purdue University William A. Zajc Columbia University Pengfei Zhuang Tsinghua University

Mysterious Roving Rocks of Racetrack Playa

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-12-08

This group photo of the LPSA interns and trip leaders was taken at Tea Kettle Junction in Death Valley, Calif. (Standing on left side, left to right): Kristopher Schwebler, Valerie Fox, Emily Kopp, Kyle Yawn, Dan Burger, Ian Schoch, Devon Miller; (left to right, sitting) Justin Wilde, Jessica Marbourg, Maggie McAdam (a trip leader), Leva McIntire, Ann Parsons (a trip leader), Mindy Krzykowski, Emma McKinney, Cynthia Cheung (LPSA principal investigator and a trip leader), George Fercana; (standing on right side): Kynan Rilee, Gregory Romine, Clint Naquin, Gunther Kletetschka (a trip leader), Andrew Ryan, and in the very back, Brian Jackson (a trip leader). Photo credit: NASA/GSFC/ Leva McIntire/LPSA intern To read a feature story on the Racetrack Playa go to: www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/features/roving-rocks.html NASA Goddard Space Flight Center is home to the nation's largest organization of combined scientists, engineers and technologists that build spacecraft, instruments and new technology to study the Earth, the sun, our solar system, and the universe. Follow us on Twitter Join us on Facebook

"Skinless wonders": Body Worlds and the Victorian freak show.

PubMed

Durbach, Nadja

2014-01-01

In 2002, Gunther von Hagens's display of plastinated corpses opened in London. Although the public was fascinated by Body Worlds, the media largely castigated the exhibition by dismissing it as a resuscitated Victorian freak show. By using the freak show analogy, the British press expressed their moral objection to this type of bodily display. But Body Worlds and nineteenth-century displays of human anomalies were linked in more complex and telling ways as both attempted to be simultaneously entertaining and educational. This essay argues that these forms of corporeal exhibitionism are both examples of the dynamic relationship between the popular and professional cultures of the body that we often erroneously think of as separate and discrete. By reading Body Worlds against the Victorian freak show, I seek to generate a fuller understanding of the historical and enduring relationship between exhibitionary culture and the discourses of science, and thus to argue that the scientific and the spectacular have been, and clearly continue to be, symbiotic modes of generating bodily knowledge.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: The Canada-France Redshift Survey (CFRS) (Lilly+, 1995)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lilly, S. J.; Le Fevre, O.; Crampton, D.; Hammer, F.; Tresse, L.

2001-11-01

The Canada-France Redshift Survey (CFRS) is a collaboration between astronomers in Canada and France: Simon Lilly (University of Toronto), Olivier Le Fevre and Francois Hammer (Observatoire de Paris Meudon), David Crampton (Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, Victoria), Laurence Tresse (Cambridge University), and David Schade and Dan Hudon (University of Toronto). The survey is based primarily on observations with the 3.6m Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. The CFRS consists of spectra of over 1000 faint objects selected to have 17.5 < I(AB) < 22.5 in five regions of sky. The survey is providing the first systematic study of normal galaxies at redshifts z > 0.5, corresponding to look-back times of greater than 50% of the age of the Universe. Observations of CFRS galaxies have also been made with the Hubble Space Telescope and the survey will form the basis of future studies with a number of other ground-based and space facilities. We have written a lay-persons guide to the CFRS and the main scientific results that are emerging from it. (1 data file).

Grizzly bear nutrition and ecology studies in Yellowstone National Park

USGS Publications Warehouse

Robbins, Charles T.; Schwartz, Charles C.; Gunther, Kerry A.; Servheen, Christopher

2006-01-01

T HE CHANCE TO SEE a wild grizzly bear is often the first or second reason people give for visiting Yellow - stone National Park. Public interest in bears is closely coupled with a desire to perpetuate this wild symbol of the American West. Grizzly bears have long been described as a wilderness species requiring large tracts of undisturbed habitat. However, in today’s world, most grizzly bears live in close proximity to humans (Schwartz et al. 2003). Even in Yellowstone National Park, the impacts of humans can affect the long-term survival of bears (Gunther et al. 2002). As a consequence, the park has long supported grizzly bear research in an effort to understand these impacts. Most people are familiar with what happened when the park and the State of Montana closed open-pit garbage dumps in the late 1960s and early 1970s, when at least 229 bears died as a direct result of conflict with humans. However, many may not be as familiar with the ongoing changes in the park’s plant and animal communities that have the potential to further alter the park’s ability to support grizzly bears.

Proceedings of the First All-USGS Modeling Conference, November 14-17, 2005

USGS Publications Warehouse

Frondorf, Anne

2007-01-01

Preface: The First All-USGS Modeling Conference was held November 14-17, 2005, in Port Angeles, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) participants at the conference came from USGS headquarters and all USGS regions and represented all four science disciplines-Biology, Geography, Geology, and Water. The conference centered on selected oral case study presentations and posters on current USGS scientific modeling capabilities and activities. Abstracts for these case study presentations and posters are presented here. On behalf of all the participants of the First All-USGS Modeling Conference, we appreciate the support of Dee Ann Nelson and the staff of the Olympic Park Institute in providing the conference facilities; Dr. Jerry Freilich and Dr. Brian Winter of the National Park Service, Olympic National Park, for organizing and leading the conference field trip; and Debra Becker and Amy Newman, USGS Western Fisheries Research Center, Seattle, Washington, and Tammy Hansel, USGS Geospatial Information Office, Reston, Virginia, for providing technical support for the conference. The organizing committee for the conference included Jenifer Bracewell, Jacoby Carter, Jeff Duda, Anne Frondorf, Linda Gundersen, Tom Gunther, Pat Jellison, Rama Kotra, George Leavesley, and Doug Muchoney.

E12 sheet plastination: Techniques and applications.

PubMed

Ottone, Nicolas Ernesto; Baptista, Carlos A C; Latorre, Rafael; Bianchi, Homero Felipe; Del Sol, Mariano; Fuentes, Ramon

2017-10-30

Plastination is an anatomical technique that consists of replacing the liquids and fat of specimens by reactive polymers through forced impregnation in a vacuum. These are then polymerized to achieve the final result. E12 sheet plastination involves epoxy resin impregnation of thin (2-4 mm) and ultra-thin (<2 mm) tissue sheets, producing dry, transparent, odorless, non-toxic and long-lasting sheets. E12 sheet plastination techniques were reviewed using MEDLINE, EMBASE and SciELO databases, and manual searches. After searching, 616 records were found using the online and manual searches (MEDLINE, n: 207; EMBASE, n: 346; SciELO, n: 44; Manual search: 23). Finally, 96 records were included in this review (after duplicates and articles unrelated to the subject were excluded). The aim of this work was to review the E12 sheet plastination technique, searching for articles concerning views of it, identifying the different variants implemented by researchers since its creation by Gunther von Hagens, and to identify its applications from teaching and research in anatomy to morphological sciences. Clin. Anat., 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Feeding dynamics and ecomorphology of Oligosarcus jenynsii (Gunther, 1864) and Oligosarcus robustus (Menezes, 1969) in the Lagoa Fortaleza, southern Brazil.

PubMed

Nunes, D M; Hartz, S M

2006-02-01

Oligosarcus jenynsii and Oligosarcus robustus are fishes of Characidae family that occur in Rio Grande do Sul, Uruguay and northern Argentina. This work purported to study the feeding dynamics (repletion and hepatosomatic indexes and condition factor) over time, and to investigate the coexistence of these two species by evaluating the partition of resources using qualitative and quantitative analyses of diet, temporal and spatial segregation throughout the water column and some ecomorphological aspects of the species in the Lagoa Fortaleza. Specimens were sampled monthly, from May 2000 to April 2001 during 24 h/month, using stationary gill nets of different mesh sizes. The records of each individual included total and standard length; total, stomach and liver weight; sex and stomach repletion. The variation of the mean values of repletion index and relative frequencies of stomach repletion stages indicate that O. jenynsii and O. robustus do not present seasonal differences in feeding intensity. The hepatosomatic index shows an allocation of energy to the liver during every period except reproduction, when part of the energy is used for gonad maturation. The estimated condition factor for both species reveals an increase in the reproductive period, evidencing the influence of gonads upon the condition of the fish. The diet analysis revealed that O. robustus is piscivorous, whereas O. jenynsii is a generalist carnivore, tending to piscivory as well. The active period of O. robustus is more concentrated at sunrise and sunset, whereas O. jenynsii is continually active, a characteristic related to hunting for prey. The ecomorphological analysis revealed differences between the two species in the dimensions of the mouth. Evidence suggests that the species coexist, sharing food sources, differing in oral morphology but ingesting similar prey, possibly because food is not a limiting factor in the environment.

Fatigue evaluation of socket welded piping in nuclear power plant

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vecchio, R.S.

1996-12-01

Fatigue failures in piping systems occur, almost without exception, at the welded connections. In nuclear power plant systems, such failures occur predominantly at the socket welds of small diameter piping ad fillet attachment welds under high-cycle vibratory conditions. Nearly all socket weld fatigue failures are identified by leaks which, though not high in volume, generally are costly due to attendant radiological contamination. Such fatigue cracking was recently identified in the 3/4 in. diameter recirculation and relief piping socket welds from the reactor coolant system (RCS) charging pumps at a nuclear power plant. Consequently, a fatigue evaluation was performed to determinemore » the cause of cracking and provide an acceptable repair. Socket weld fatigue life was evaluated using S-N type fatigue life curves for welded structures developed by AASHTO and the assessment of an effective cyclic stress range adjacent to each socket weld. Based on the calculated effective tress ranges and assignment of the socket weld details to the appropriate AASHTO S-N curves, the socket weld fatigue lives were calculated and found to be in excellent agreement with the accumulated cyclic life to-date.« less

Influence of chemical straightening on the stability of drugs of abuse in hair.

PubMed

Pritchett, Jeanita S; Phinney, Karen W

2015-01-01

Chemical straightening, also known as a relaxer, is ubiquitously used among African American women to obtain straighter hair compared with their natural tresses. This study focused on the stability of drugs of abuse in hair after a single application of the relaxer. Commercially available 'Lye' or 'No-Lye' chemical straightening products (Silk Elements™) were applied in vitro to drug-fortified hair (standard reference materials (SRM) 2379 and 2380) and hairs clipped from established drug users. Target analytes (cocaine (COC), benzoylecgonine (BZE), cocaethylene (CE), phencyclidine and tetrahydrocannabinol) were isolated using solid-phase extraction and then analyzed with isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with selective ion monitoring. After either treatment, drug concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in both the SRM sample and the hair from authentic abusers. In the SRM groups, 6-67% of the original concentration remained after a single chemical treatment. Similarly, only 5-30% of the original concentration remained in authentic drug hairs that had formerly tested positive for COC, BZE and CE. Published by Oxford University Press 2014. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.

Cavitation in confined water: ultra-fast bubble dynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vincent, Olivier; Marmottant, Philippe

2012-02-01

In the hydraulic vessels of trees, water can be found at negative pressure. This metastable state, corresponding to mechanical tension, is achieved by evaporation through a porous medium. It can be relaxed by cavitation, i.e. the sudden nucleation of vapor bubbles. Harmful for the tree due to the subsequent emboli of sap vessels, cavitation is on the contrary used by ferns to eject spores very swiftly. We will focus here on the dynamics of the cavitation bubble, which is of primary importance to explain the previously cited natural phenomena. We use the recently developed method of artificial tress, using transparent hydrogels as the porous medium. Our experiments, on water confined in micrometric hydrogel cavities, show an extremely fast dynamics: bubbles are nucleated at the microsecond timescale. For cavities larger than 100 microns, the bubble ``rings'' with damped oscillations at MHz frequencies, whereas for smaller cavities the oscillations become overdamped. This rich dynamics can be accounted for by a model we developed, leading to a modified Rayleigh-Plesset equation. Interestingly, this model predicts the impossibility to nucleate bubbles above a critical confinement that depends on liquid negative pressure and corresponds to approximately 100 nm for 20 MPa tensions.

Stem Sinuosity, Tree Size, and Pest Injury of Machine-Planted Tress with and without Bent Taproots: A Comparison of Loblolly and Slash Pine

Treesearch

Jason A. Gatch; Timothy B. Harrington; Terry S. Price; M. Boyd Edwards

1999-01-01

Twenty-four maohine-planted stands each of slash (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) (between ages 3 to 10 years) were randomly selected in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont of Georgia, respectively. Ten points per site were located along a transect and two planted trees within a 10-m radius of each point were...

Flow rate-pressure drop relation for deformable shallow microfluidic channels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Christov, Ivan C.; Cognet, Vincent; Shidhore, Tanmay C.; Stone, Howard A.

2018-04-01

Laminar flow in devices fabricated from soft materials causes deformation of the passage geometry, which affects the flow rate--pressure drop relation. For a given pressure drop, in channels with narrow rectangular cross-section, the flow rate varies as the cube of the channel height, so deformation can produce significant quantitative effects, including nonlinear dependence on the pressure drop [{Gervais, T., El-Ali, J., G\\"unther, A. \\& Jensen, K.\\ F.}\\ 2006 Flow-induced deformation of shallow microfluidic channels.\\ \\textit{Lab Chip} \\textbf{6}, 500--507]. Gervais et. al. proposed a successful model of the deformation-induced change in the flow rate by heuristically coupling a Hookean elastic response with the lubrication approximation for Stokes flow. However, their model contains a fitting parameter that must be found for each channel shape by performing an experiment. We present a perturbation approach for the flow rate--pressure drop relation in a shallow deformable microchannel using the theory of isotropic quasi-static plate bending and the Stokes equations under a lubrication approximation (specifically, the ratio of the channel's height to its width and of the channel's height to its length are both assumed small). Our result contains no free parameters and confirms Gervais et. al.'s observation that the flow rate is a quartic polynomial of the pressure drop. The derived flow rate--pressure drop relation compares favorably with experimental measurements.

Review of the crevalle jacks, Caranx hippos complex (Teleostei: Carangidae), with a description of a new species from West Africa

USGS Publications Warehouse

Smith-Vaniz, W.F.; Carpenter, K.E.

2007-01-01

The Caranx hippos species complex comprises three extant species: crevalle jack (Caranx hippos) (Linnaeus, 1766) from both the western and eastern Atlantic oceans; Pacific crevalle jack (Caranx caninus) Gu??nther, 1868 from the eastern Pacific Ocean; and longfin crevalle jack (Caranx fischeri) new species, from the eastern Atlantic, including the Mediterranean Sea and Ascension Island. Adults of all three species are superficially similar with a black blotch on the lower half of the pectoral fin, a black spot on the upper margin of opercle, one or two pairs of enlarged symphyseal canines on the lower jaw, and a similar pattern of breast squamation. Each species has a different pattern of hyperostotic bone development and anal-fin color. The two sympatric eastern Atlantic species also differ from each other in number of dorsal- and anal-fin rays, and in large adults of C. fischeri the lobes of these fins are longer and the body is deeper. Caranx hippos from opposite sides of the Atlantic are virtually indistinguishable externally but differ consistently in the expression of hyperostosis of the first dorsal-fin pterygiophore. The fossil species Caranx carangopsis Steindachner 1859 appears to have been based on composite material of Trachurus sp. and a fourth species of the Caranx hippos complex. Patterns of hyperostotic bone development are compared in the nine (of 15 total) species of Caranx sensu stricto that exhibit hyperostosis.

The Body Worlds Exhibits and Juvenile Understandings of Death: Do We Educate Children to Science or to Voyeurism?

PubMed

Bianucci, R; Soldini, M; Di Vella, G; Verzé, L; Day, J

2015-01-01

Gunther von Hagens' development of plastination as a method for preserving human remains has enabled his public display of skinless, dissected bodies in a series of popular international exhibitions entitled Body Worlds. These spectacular displays claim to be educative, democratizing the study of anatomy and liberating it from the traditional confines of professional medical study. However, Body Worlds has raised various ethical objections to its commercial purpose, sourcing of some bodies and arrangement of bodies in poses or dissections that some viewers find offensive. Here we consider a different, often overlooked ethical conundrum raised by these exhibitions: the likelihood that the viewing of plastinates posed in 'frozen motion' is ill‑suited to the psychological development of young children (5-10 years old) whose understanding of death is still in formation. Often young children mistake corpses for models, even for living beings if they are posed in arrested motion. The educative value of Body Worlds for younger viewers is questionable and the display may even interfere with their understanding of death. If the exhibition of human remains can be justified where their authenticity can be made known to viewers and the remains invested by them with sympathetic emotional meaning, it may be pointless if not unethical to show quasi‑lifelike posed plastinates to young children in lieu of replica models.

KSC-99pp1031

NASA Image and Video Library

1999-07-21

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Gunther Wendt takes a turn at the podium after viewing the recovered Liberty Bell 7 Project Mercury capsule, seen in the background. At right is Curt Newport who led the expedition to find and retrieve the capsule. The expedition was sponsored by the Discovery Channel. Wendt worked on the Liberty Bell 7 before its launch July 21, 1961. After its successful 16-minute suborbital flight, the Liberty Bell 7, with astronaut Virgil "Gus" Grissom aboard, splashed down in the Atlantic Ocean. A prematurely jettisoned hatch caused the capsule to flood and a Marine rescue helicopter was unable to lift it. It quickly sank to a three-mile depth. Grissom was rescued but his spacecraft remained lost on the ocean floor, until now. An underwater salvage expert, Newport located the capsule through modern technology, and after one abortive attempt, successfully raised it and brought it to Port Canaveral. The recovery of Liberty Bell 7 fulfilled a 14-year dream for the expedition leader. The capsule is being moved to the Kansas Cosmosphere and Space Center in Hutchinson, Kansas, where it will be restored for eventual public display. Newport has also been involved in salvage operations of the Space Shuttle Challenger and TWA Flight 800 that crashed off the coast of Long Island, N.Y

Salinity Tolerance Mechanism of Economic Halophytes From Physiological to Molecular Hierarchy for Improving Food Quality

PubMed Central

Xu, Chongzhi; Tang, Xiaoli; Shao, Hongbo; Wang, Hongyan

2016-01-01

Soil salinity is becoming the key constraints factor to agricultural production. Therefore, the plant especially the crops possessing capacities of salt tolerance will be of great economic significance. The adaptation or tolerance of plant to salinity stress involves a series of physiological, metabolic and molecular mechanisms. Halophytes are the kind of organisms which acquire special salt tolerance mechanisms to respond to the salt tress and ensure normal growth and development under saline conditions in their lengthy evolutionary adaptation, so understanding how halophytes respond to salinity stress will provide us with methods and tactics to foster and develop salt resistant varieties of crops. The strategies in physiological and molecular level adopted by halophytes are various including the changes in photosynthetic and transpiration rate, the sequestration of Na+ to extracellular or vacuole, the regulation of stomata aperture and stomatal density, the accumulation and synthesis of the phytohormones as well as the relevant gene expression underlying these physiological traits, such as the stress signal transduction, the regulation of the transcription factors, the activation and expression of the transporter genes, the activation or inhibition of the synthetases and so on. This review focuses on the research advances of the regulating mechanisms in halophytes from physiological to molecular, which render the halophytes tolerance and adaption to salinity stress. PMID:27252587

Preliminary raptor surveys in western Mongolia

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ellis, D.H.; Ellis, Merlin H.; Tsengeg, Pu

1995-01-01

Raptors were observed on a 5200 km expedition from Ulaan Baatar through the Hangay Mountains to the Russian Altay Mountains with return through the Gobi Altay Mountains. The focus of the expedition was on nesting ecology of the Saker (Falco cherrug) and Altay falcons (F. altaicus) (25 eyries were located), but nests were also found for seven other species including more than 30 nests found of the upland buzzard (Buteo hemilasius). We conducted 21 day-long counts and 10 more formal raptor road counts. Raptors were concentrated in areas where perches were common and where food was most abundant. Western Mongolia remains a vast undeveloped land where camel trains and yak carts are normal. No developed highway network exists. Raptor work in the interior must be supported by four-wheel drive vehicles traveling cross country. Food and fuel for a research team are difficult to procure, but raptor populations are largely unexploited. Raptors frequently nest on the ground or on very low cliffs and tress, and often nest in close proximity of pairs of their own and other species. Several areas of special significance to raptors are discussed including the Taleen Ulaan (Red Steppe) areas of granite dells which we recommend for status as an international reserve.

The visibility of using water boxes and mulch in dryland revegetation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alhamad, Mohammad Noor; Alrababah, Mohammad; Athamneh, Hanaa

2017-04-01

Drylands cover more than 41% of the world's surface area and are homeland for about one-third of the world's population, 90% of them in developing countries. Land degradation in the drylands is hot environmental topic as it impacts environmental quality and jeopardizes food security in developing countries. The climate of Jordan varies from dry sub-humid Mediterranean in northwestern areas to desert conditions over a distance of 100 km, where more than 90 % of the county's area receives annual rainfall of less than 200 mm. In Jordan revegetation programs are rainfed; rainfall in Jordan is characterized by variable nature, thus, these programs faces a major challenge of the low survival rate of transplanted seedlings. The present study ought to explore the visibility of using water boxes and plastic mulch as an innovative approach to enhance seedling survival and establishment of four forest tress species ( Carob, Cupressus, Quercus, and Pinus). The experiment results showed that Cupressus, and Pinus seedlings expressed the highest survival rate of 88% and 84 % respectively, flowed by Crob (64%) and Querrcus (16%). The plastic mulch significantly enhanced the seedling survival rate b y40 % over the control while the water boxes resulted in an increase of 32 % over the control.

Effects of low-level hydrophobic substitution on conditioning properties of cationic cellulosic polymers in shampoo systems.

PubMed

Drovetskaya, T V; Kreeger, R L; Amos, J L; Davis, C B; Zhou, S

2004-01-01

A new class of cationic conditioning polymers (Polymer SL) has been prepared and evaluated in shampoo formulations. Polymer SL is a family of high viscosity quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) polymers with cationic substitution of trimethyl ammonium and dimethyldodecyl ammonium (Figure 1). SL compositions benefit from hydrophobic character to deliver superior conditioning performance in hair care applications. At the same time, low levels of hydrophobes have been chosen to assure good compatibility with surfactant systems without the complications of associative thickening. The polymers have been evaluated in clear shampoo formulations and two-in-one silicone containing shampoos using objective lab methods and subjective panel evaluation on hair tresses. Commercial conditioning polymers: Polyquaternium-10 (PQ-10) (UCARE Polymer LR-30M) and Guar Hydroxypro-pyltrimethylammonium Chloride (Jaguar C-13S) were used as performance benchmarks. The new hydrophobically-modified cationic polymers demonstrated superior performance in all major categories of conditioning and showed improved silicone deposition from two-in-one systems. Moreover, they retained other good qualities of their PQ-10 structural analogs such as enabling crystal clear formulations and showing no build-up or volume-down effects on hair. These new olymers were also found to be efficient conditioning agents in different surfactant systems with or without silicones.

Quantification and Patterns of Endothelial Cell Loss Due to Eye Bank Preparation and Injector Method in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Tissues.

PubMed

Schallhorn, Julie M; Holiman, Jeffrey D; Stoeger, Christopher G; Chamberlain, Winston

2016-03-01

To evaluate endothelial cell damage after eye bank preparation and passage through 1 of 2 different injectors for Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty grafts. Eighteen Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty grafts were prepared by Lions VisionGift with the standard partial prepeel technique and placement of an S-stamp for orientation. The grafts were randomly assigned to injection with either a glass-modified Jones tube injector (Gunther Weiss Scientific Glass) or a closed-system intraocular lens injector (Viscoject 2.2; Medicel). After injection, the grafts were stained with the vital fluorescent dye Calcein AM and digitally imaged. The percentage of cell loss was calculated by measuring the area of nonfluorescent pixels and dividing it by the total graft area pixels. Grafts injected using the modified Jones tube injector had an overall cell loss of 27% ± 5% [95% confidence interval, 21%-35%]. Grafts injected using the closed-system intraocular lens injector had a cell loss of 32% ± 8% (95% confidence interval, 21%-45%). This difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.3). Several damage patterns including damage due to S-stamp placement were observed, but they did not correlate with injector type. In this in vitro study, there was no difference in the cell loss associated with the injector method. Grafts in both groups sustained significant cell loss and displayed evidence of graft preparation and S-stamp placement. Improvement in graft preparation and injection methods may improve cell retention.

New and already known acanthocephalans from amphibians and reptiles in Vietnam, with keys to species of Pseudoacanthocephalus Petrochenko, 1956 (Echinorhynchidae) and Sphaerechinorhynchus Johnston and Deland, 1929 (Plagiorhynchidae).

PubMed

Amin, Omar M; Ha, Ngyuen Van; Heckmann, Richard A

2008-02-01

Adults of 2 new species in 2 orders of acanthocephalans obtained from the intestines of terrestrial amphibians and reptiles collected between 1998 and 2004 in Vietnam are described here. Pseudoacanthocephalus nguyenthileae n. sp. (Palaeacnthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) was collected from 5 species of terrestrial amphibians: (1) the common Sunda toad Bufo melanostictus Schneider (Bufonidae); (2) Paa verucospinosa (Bourret); (3) Gunther's Amoy frog Rana guentheri Boulenger; (4) Taipei frog R. taipehensis Denburgh (Ranidae), and (5) the Burmese whipping frog Polypedates mutus (Smith) (Racophoridae); as well as from the Chinese cobra Naja atra Cantor (Reptilia: Elapidae) and house gecko Hemidactylus frenatus Dumeril and Bibron (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). Sphaerechinorhynchus maximesospinus n. sp. (Plagiorhynchidae: Sphaerechinorhynchinae) was isolated from a king cobra Ophiophagus hannah (cantor) (Reptilia: Elapidae). Cystacanths of Porrorchis houdemeri (Joyeux and Baer, 1935) Schmidt and Kuntz, 1967 (Plagiorhynchidae: Porrorchinae) obtained from the mesenteries of banded krait Bungarus fasciatus (Schneider) (Reptilia: Elapidae), a paratenic host, are reported for the first time. Keys to the species of Pseudoacanthocephalus and Sphaerechinorhynchus are included. Characteristic features distinguishing the new species from related taxa include: P. nguyenthileae has 15-19 (usually 16-18) proboscis hook rows, each with 5-6 hooks that progressively increase in length and size posteriorly. The largest, intermediate, and smallest proboscis hooks of S. maximesospinus are the middle, anterior, and posterior hooks, respectively; the proboscis and neck are enclosed in a membrane. Morphometric characteristics of P. nguyenthileae show host-related variability.

Safety knowledge and risk behaviour of injured and uninjured young skiers and snowboarders.

PubMed

Macnab, A J; Cadman, R E; Greenlaw, J V

1998-09-01

Earlier studies of ski injury indicated that youths were at increased risk of injury, that males were most likely to injure the head or face, and that females were most likely to injure the knee. To obtain information about safety knowledge and risk behaviour that might contribute to injury among young skiers and snow-boarders. Survey of knowledge and behaviour in injured and noninjured cohorts. Blackcomb Mountain, Whistler, British Columbia. A total of 863 noninjured and 118 injured skiers and snowboarders aged five to 17 years using Blackcomb during 1993/94. Skier Knowledge Inventory Questionnaire. The injured cohort had less knowledge of the Skiers Responsibility Code. In both groups, almost half had had no lessons, 31% had had bindings adjusted by nonprofessionals and chair lift safety bars were used one ride in four by children age 13 to 17 years. The injuried cohort wore helmets slightly less often. Both groups regularly skied through the trees (60% to 70%), and one-thirds had skied on closed runs. Excessive speed was identified as the major cause of injury. Skiers did not recognize jumping as contributing to injury. Lack of knowledge of safety rules was more prevalent among the injured cohort. Skiing without due care - including skiing through tress, skiing on closed runs, skiing with excessive speed and jumping, particularly by snowboarders - were identified as potential causes of injury.

Technology transfer by means of fault tree synthesis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Batzias, Dimitris F.

2012-12-01

Since Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) attempts to model and analyze failure processes of engineering, it forms a common technique for good industrial practice. On the contrary, fault tree synthesis (FTS) refers to the methodology of constructing complex trees either from dentritic modules built ad hoc or from fault tress already used and stored in a Knowledge Base. In both cases, technology transfer takes place in a quasi-inductive mode, from partial to holistic knowledge. In this work, an algorithmic procedure, including 9 activity steps and 3 decision nodes is developed for performing effectively this transfer when the fault under investigation occurs within one of the latter stages of an industrial procedure with several stages in series. The main parts of the algorithmic procedure are: (i) the construction of a local fault tree within the corresponding production stage, where the fault has been detected, (ii) the formation of an interface made of input faults that might occur upstream, (iii) the fuzzy (to count for uncertainty) multicriteria ranking of these faults according to their significance, and (iv) the synthesis of an extended fault tree based on the construction of part (i) and on the local fault tree of the first-ranked fault in part (iii). An implementation is presented, referring to 'uneven sealing of Al anodic film', thus proving the functionality of the developed methodology.

Longitudinal Relationship between Self-efficacy and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms 8 Years after a Violent Assault: An Autoregressive Cross-Lagged Model.

PubMed

Nygaard, Egil; Johansen, Venke A; Siqveland, Johan; Hussain, Ajmal; Heir, Trond

2017-01-01

Self-efficacy is assumed to promote posttraumatic adaption, and several cross-sectional studies support this notion. However, there is a lack of prospective longitudinal studies to further illuminate the temporal relationship between self-efficacy and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Thus, an important unresolved research question is whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms affect the level of self-efficacy or vice versa or whether they mutually influence each other. The present prospective longitudinal study investigated the reciprocal relationship between general self-efficacy (GSE) and posttraumatic stress symptoms in 143 physical assault victims. We used an autoregressive cross-lagged model across four assessment waves: within 4 months after the assault (T1) and then 3 months (T2), 12 months (T3) and 8 years (T4) after the first assessment. Stress symptoms at T1 and T2 predicted subsequent self-efficacy, while self-efficacy at T1 and T2 was not related to subsequent stress symptoms. These relationships were reversed after T3; higher levels of self-efficacy at T3 predicted lower levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms at T4, while posttraumatic tress symptoms at T3 did not predict self-efficacy at T4. In conclusion, posttraumatic stress symptoms may have a deteriorating effect on self-efficacy in the early phase after physical assault, whereas self-efficacy may promote recovery from posttraumatic stress symptoms over the long term.

Is stress level related to Dengue Hemorrhagic fever cases in Semarang?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Purdianingrum, Julliana; Adib Mubarok, Muhammad; Putri Sunarno, Rahmah; Khairunisa, Ummi; Endah Wahyuningsih, Nur; Murwani, Retno; Budiharjo, Anto

2018-05-01

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is transmitted to humans by dengue virus harboring Aedes aegypti. Immune response against viral infection can be influenced by stress as stress could weaken immune response. Stress can cause illness through physiological changes and changes in immune function. The immunological changes associated with stress were adapted from the immunological changes in response to infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between DHF cases with stress level._We used a case control study with DHF sample cases from three hospitals in Semarang city (n=27) from the period of March to May 2017 and the control groups from healthy respondents with matched age, sex, and district location (n=27). The data was processed by Chi-Square test._Levels of stress were categorized into two namely high and low tress levels. The data was normally distributed. The frequency distribution in case group at high stress category were 15 respondents (55.6%) and low stress were 12 respondents (44.4%). Meanwhile, in control group there were 8 respondents (29.6%) at high stress category and 19 respondents (70.4%) at low stress category. The Chi Square Test revealed that the p value was 0,054 and OR was 2,969. In conclusion there was no relation between stress level and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever cases.

Proceedings of the Second All-USGS Modeling Conference, February 11-14, 2008: Painting the Big Picture

USGS Publications Warehouse

Brady, Shailaja R.

2009-01-01

The Second USGS Modeling Conference was held February 11-14, 2008, in Orange Beach, Ala. Participants at the conference came from all U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) regions and represented all four science discipline - Biology, Geography, Geology, and Water. Representatives from other Department of the Interior (DOI) agencies and partners from the academic community also participated. The conference, which was focused on 'painting the big picture', emphasized the following themes: Integrated Landscape Monitoring, Global Climate Change, Ecosystem Modeling, and Hazards and Risks. The conference centered on providing a forum for modelers to meet, exchange information on current approaches, identify specific opportunities to share existing models and develop more linked and integrated models to address complex science questions, and increase collaboration across disciplines and with other organizations. Abstracts for the 31 oral presentations and more than 60 posters presented at the conference are included here. The conference also featured a field trip to review scientific modeling issues along the Gulf of Mexico. The field trip included visits to Mississippi Sandhill Crane National Wildlife Refuge, Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, the 5 Rivers Delta Resource Center, and Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge. On behalf of all the participants of the Second All-USGS Modeling Conference, the conference organizing committee expresses our sincere appreciation for the support of field trip oganizers and leaders, including the managers from the various Reserves and Refuges. The organizing committee for the conference included Jenifer Bracewell, Sally Brady, Jacoby Carter, Thomas Casadevall, Linda Gundersen, Tom Gunther, Heather Henkel, Lauren Hay, Pat Jellison, K. Bruce Jones, Kenneth Odom, and Mark Wildhaber.

Photoconductivity in reactively evaporated copper indium selenide thin films

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Urmila, K. S.; Asokan, T. Namitha; Pradeep, B.; Jacob, Rajani; Philip, Rachel Reena

2014-01-01

Copper indium selenide thin films of composition CuInSe2 with thickness of the order of 130 nm are deposited on glass substrate at a temperature of 423 ±5 K and pressure of 10-5 mbar using reactive evaporation, a variant of Gunther's three temperature method with high purity Copper (99.999%), Indium (99.999%) and Selenium (99.99%) as the elemental starting materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies shows that the films are polycrystalline in nature having preferred orientation of grains along the (112) plane. The structural type of the film is found to be tetragonal with particle size of the order of 32 nm. The structural parameters such as lattice constant, particle size, dislocation density, number of crystallites per unit area and strain in the film are also evaluated. The surface morphology of CuInSe2 films are studied using 2D and 3D atomic force microscopy to estimate the grain size and surface roughness respectively. Analysis of the absorption spectrum of the film recorded using UV-Vis-NIR Spectrophotometer in the wavelength range from 2500 nm to cutoff revealed that the film possess a direct allowed transition with a band gap of 1.05 eV and a high value of absorption coefficient (α) of 106 cm-1 at 570 nm. Photoconductivity at room temperature is measured after illuminating the film with an FSH lamp (82 V, 300 W). Optical absorption studies in conjunction with the good photoconductivity of the prepared p-type CuInSe2 thin films indicate its suitability in photovoltaic applications.

Safety knowledge and risk behaviour of injured and uninjured young skiers and snowboarders

PubMed Central

Macnab, Andrew J; Cadman, Robert E; Greenlaw, Julia V

1998-01-01

BACKGROUND: Earlier studies of ski injury indicated that youths were at increased risk of injury, that males were most likely to injure the head or face, and that females were most likely to injure the knee. OBJECTIVE: To obtain information about safety knowledge and risk behaviour that might contribute to injury among young skiers and snow-boarders. DESIGN: Survey of knowledge and behaviour in injured and noninjured cohorts. SETTING: Blackcomb Mountain, Whistler, British Columbia. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 863 noninjured and 118 injured skiers and snowboarders aged five to 17 years using Blackcomb during 1993/94. INTERVENTION: Skier Knowledge Inventory Questionnaire. RESULTS: The injured cohort had less knowledge of the Skiers Responsibility Code. In both groups, almost half had had no lessons, 31% had had bindings adjusted by nonprofessionals and chair lift safety bars were used one ride in four by children age 13 to 17 years. The injuried cohort wore helmets slightly less often. Both groups regularly skied through the trees (60% to 70%), and one-thirds had skied on closed runs. Excessive speed was identified as the major cause of injury. Skiers did not recognize jumping as contributing to injury. CONCLUSIONS: Lack of knowledge of safety rules was more prevalent among the injured cohort. Skiing without due care – including skiing through tress, skiing on closed runs, skiing with excessive speed and jumping, particularly by snowboarders – were identified as potential causes of injury. PMID:20401273

Protein loss in human hair from combination straightening and coloring treatments.

PubMed

França-Stefoni, Simone Aparecida; Dario, Michelli Ferrera; Sá-Dias, Tânia Cristina; Bedin, Valcinir; de Almeida, Adriano José; Baby, André Rolim; Velasco, Maria Valéria R

2015-09-01

Hair chemical treatments, such as dyeing and straightening products, are known to cause damage that can be assessed by protein loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hair protein loss caused by combined chemical treatments (dye and relaxer) using the validated bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method. Three kinds of straighteners, based on ammonium thioglycolate, guanidine hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, were evaluated and the least harmful combination indicated. Caucasian virgin dark brown hair tresses were treated with developed natural brown color oxidative hair dyeing and/or straightening commercial products based on ammonium thioglycolate, sodium hydroxide, or guanidine hydroxide. Protein loss quantification was assessed by the validated BCA method which has several advantages for quantifying protein loss in chemically treated hair. When both treatments (straightening and dyeing) were combined, a higher negative effect was observed, particularly for dyed hair treated with sodium hydroxide. In this case, a 356% increase in protein loss relative to virgin hair was observed and 208% in relation to only dyed hair. The combination of dying and relaxers based on ammonium thioglycolate or guanidine hydroxide caused a small increase in protein loss, suggesting that these straightening products could be the best alternatives for individuals wishing to combine both treatments. These results indicated that when application of both types of products is desired, ammonium thioglycolate or guanidine hydroxide should be chosen for the straightening process. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Tree Growth Response to Drought Along a Depth to Groundwater Gradient in Northern Wisconsin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ciruzzi, D. M.; Loheide, S. P., II

2017-12-01

Understanding complex spatial and temporal patterns of drought-induced forest stress requires knowledge of the physiological drivers and ecosystem attributes that lead to or inhibit tree mortality. Prevailing meteorological conditions leading to drought may have lesser effect on vegetation that has evolved to avoid drought by accessing deeper soil moisture reserves or shallow groundwater to meet evapotranspiration demand. This is especially true in arid and semi-arid regions, yet groundwater use by trees is rarely explored in temperate systems and the extent to which groundwater use reduces drought vulnerability in these climates and regions is unknown. We explored responses of radial growth in temperate tress to wet and dry years across a depth to groundwater gradient from 1 to 9 meters in sandy forests in northern Wisconsin. The spatial patterns of tree growth in this watershed show areas where tree growth is influenced by depth to groundwater. Preliminary results showed trees in areas of shallower groundwater with low variability in tree growth and indicated that tree growth remains consistent during both wet and dry years. Conversely, trees in areas of deeper groundwater showed higher variability in tree growth during wet and dry years. We hypothesize that even in this humid region, the sandy soils do not retain sufficient moisture leading to potentially frequent water stress in trees and reductions in productivity. However, where and when accessible, we suspect trees use shallow groundwater to sustain evapotranspiration and maintain consistent growth during dry periods.

Longitudinal Relationship between Self-efficacy and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms 8 Years after a Violent Assault: An Autoregressive Cross-Lagged Model

PubMed Central

Nygaard, Egil; Johansen, Venke A.; Siqveland, Johan; Hussain, Ajmal; Heir, Trond

2017-01-01

Self-efficacy is assumed to promote posttraumatic adaption, and several cross-sectional studies support this notion. However, there is a lack of prospective longitudinal studies to further illuminate the temporal relationship between self-efficacy and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Thus, an important unresolved research question is whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms affect the level of self-efficacy or vice versa or whether they mutually influence each other. The present prospective longitudinal study investigated the reciprocal relationship between general self-efficacy (GSE) and posttraumatic stress symptoms in 143 physical assault victims. We used an autoregressive cross-lagged model across four assessment waves: within 4 months after the assault (T1) and then 3 months (T2), 12 months (T3) and 8 years (T4) after the first assessment. Stress symptoms at T1 and T2 predicted subsequent self-efficacy, while self-efficacy at T1 and T2 was not related to subsequent stress symptoms. These relationships were reversed after T3; higher levels of self-efficacy at T3 predicted lower levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms at T4, while posttraumatic tress symptoms at T3 did not predict self-efficacy at T4. In conclusion, posttraumatic stress symptoms may have a deteriorating effect on self-efficacy in the early phase after physical assault, whereas self-efficacy may promote recovery from posttraumatic stress symptoms over the long term. PMID:28620334

Uncovering the single top: observation of electroweak top quark production

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Benitez, Jorge Armando

2009-01-01

The top quark is generally produced in quark and anti-quark pairs. However, the Standard Model also predicts the production of only one top quark which is mediated by the electroweak interaction, known as 'Single Top'. Single Top quark production is important because it provides a unique and direct way to measure the CKM matrix element V tb, and can be used to explore physics possibilities beyond the Standard Model predictions. This dissertation presents the results of the observation of Single Top using 2.3 fb -1 of Data collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The analysis includes the Single Top muon+jets and electron+jets final states and employs Boosted Decision Tress as a method to separate the signal from the background. The resulting Single Top cross section measurement is: (1) σ(pmore » $$\\bar{p}$$→ tb + X, tqb + X) = 3.74 -0.74 +0.95 pb, where the errors include both statistical and systematic uncertainties. The probability to measure a cross section at this value or higher in the absence of signal is p = 1.9 x 10 -6. This corresponds to a standard deviation Gaussian equivalence of 4.6. When combining this result with two other analysis methods, the resulting cross section measurement is: (2) σ(p$$\\bar{p}$$ → tb + X, tqb + X) = 3.94 ± 0.88 pb, and the corresponding measurement significance is 5.0 standard deviations.« less

The influence of liming on soil chemical properties and on the alleviation of manganese and copper toxicity in Juglans regia, Robinia pseudoacacia, Eucalyptus sp. and Populus sp. plantations.

PubMed

Chatzistathis, T; Alifragis, D; Papaioannou, A

2015-03-01

Juglans regia, Robinia pseudoacacia, Eucalyptus sp. and Populus sp. plantations, suffering from Mn and Cu toxicity, were limed in order to reduce Cu and Mn solubility in soil. The purposes of the present work were: i) to study the changes in soil chemical properties after the addition of CaCO3, ii) to investigate the influence of liming on the reduction of Mn and Cu toxicity. After the addition of CaCO3 (three applications, during three successive years), pH and CaCO3 content were significantly increased, while organic C and N were significantly reduced. Exchangeable Ca concentrations have been slightly, or significantly, increased, while those of Mg have been decreased; in addition, ratios Ca/Mg and C/N have been significantly increased after liming. Impressive reductions of DTPA extractable Cu and Mn concentrations (more than 10 times in most cases) were recorded. It was also found that trees without Mn and Cu toxicity symptoms (healthy tress) before liming did not have, in many cases, significantly greater leaf Mn, Cu and Fe concentrations, than trees after soil liming (all the trees were healthy). This probably happened because excess Mn and Cu quantities had been accumulated into their root system. Finally, leaf Mn, Cu and Zn concentrations of trees suffering from toxicity were significantly decreased after soil liming, while leaf Fe concentrations, in all the plant species studied, were increased. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Influence of magnesium sulfate on HCO3/Cl transmembrane exchange rate in human erythrocytes.

PubMed

Chernyshova, Ekaterina S; Zaikina, Yulia S; Tsvetovskaya, Galina A; Strokotov, Dmitry I; Yurkin, Maxim A; Serebrennikova, Elena S; Volkov, Leonid; Maltsev, Valeri P; Chernyshev, Andrei V

2016-03-21

Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is widely used in medicine but molecular mechanisms of its protection through influence on erythrocytes are not fully understood and are considerably controversial. Using scanning flow cytometry, in this work for the first time we observed experimentally (both in situ and in vitro) a significant increase of HCO3(-)/Cl(-) transmembrane exchange rate of human erythrocytes in the presence of MgSO4 in blood. For a quantitative analysis of the obtained experimental data, we introduced and verified a molecular kinetic model, which describes activation of major anion exchanger Band 3 (or AE1) by its complexation with free intracellular Mg(2+) (taking into account Mg(2+) membrane transport and intracellular buffering). Fitting the model to our in vitro experimental data, we observed a good correspondence between theoretical and experimental kinetic curves that allowed us to evaluate the model parameters and to estimate for the first time the association constant of Mg(2+) with Band 3 as KB~0.07mM, which is in agreement with known values of the apparent Mg(2+) dissociation constant (from 0.01 to 0.1mM) that reflects experiments on enrichment of Mg(2+) at the inner erythrocyte membrane (Gunther, 2007). Results of this work partly clarify the molecular mechanisms of MgSO4 action in human erythrocytes. The method developed allows one to estimate quantitatively a perspective of MgSO4 treatment for a patient. It should be particularly helpful in prenatal medicine for early detection of pathologies associated with the risk of fetal hypoxia. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Predictors of psychological distress in low-income populations of Montreal.

PubMed

Caron, Jean; Latimer, Eric; Tousignant, Michel

2007-01-01

THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE: Many epidemiologic studies agree that low-income populations are the groups most vulnerable to mental health problems. However, not all people in economic difficulty show symptoms, and it appears that having a social support network plays a role in protecting against the chronic stress resulting from conditions such as poverty. The aim of the study is to clarify the relative contribution of social support to the mental health of low-income populations in two neighbourhoods in the southwest of Montreal: Pointe-Saint Charles and Saint-Henri. A random sample of 416 social assistance recipients in southwest Montreal and another sample of 112 people, drawn at random from the general population, were interviewed. The psychological distress scale used was the Indice de détresse psychologique--Enquête Santê Quêbec (IDPESQ). The availability of social support components was assessed by using the Social Provisions Scale. Data were collected during interviews in the respondents' homes. Social support measures were entered into a multidimensional model including many variables identified as being associated with mental health. Multiple regression analysis identified the best predictors of psychological distress for the low-income population. Among the 30 variables included in a multiple regression analysis, emotional support and the presence of persons perceived as stressful together accounted for most of the variance in distress predicted by the model. Although younger people, people experiencing food insecurity and people with poorer numeracy show a higher level of distress, these variables make a fairly marginal contribution compared with that of social relations.

Cardiovascular and metabolic consequences of the association between chronic stress and high-fat diet in rats.

PubMed

Simas, Bruna B; Nunes, Everson A; Crestani, Carlos C; Speretta, Guilherme F

2018-05-01

Obesity and chronic stress are considered independent risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases and changes in autonomic system activity. However, the cardiovascular consequences induced by the association between high-fat diet (HFD) and chronic stress are not fully understood. We hypothesized that the association between HFD and exposure to a chronic variable stress (CVS) protocol for four weeks might exacerbate the cardiovascular and metabolic disturbances in rats when compared to these factors singly. To test this hypothesis, male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control-standard chow diet (SD; n = 8); control-HFD (n = 8); CVS-SD (n = 8); and CVS-HFD (n = 8). The CVS consisted of repeated exposure of the rats to different inescapable and unpredictable stressors (restraint tress; damp sawdust, cold, swim stress and light cycle inversion). We evaluated cardiovascular function, autonomic activity, dietary intake, adiposity and metabolism. The HFD increased body weight, adiposity and blood glucose concentration (∼15%) in both control and CVS rats. The CVS-HFD rats showed decreased insulin sensitivity (25%) compared to CVS-SD rats. The control-HFD and CVS-HFD rats presented increased intrinsic heart rate (HR) values (∼8%). CVS increased cardiac sympathetic activity (∼65%) in both SD- and HFD-fed rats. The HFD increased basal HR (∼10%). Blood pressure and baroreflex analyzes showed no differences among the experimental groups. In conclusion, the present data indicate absence of interaction on autonomic imbalance evoked by either CVS or HFD. Additionally, HFD increased HR and evoked metabolic disruptions which are independent of stress exposure.

Tryptophan and kynurenine determination in human hair by liquid chromatography.

PubMed

Dario, Michelli F; Freire, Thamires Batello; Pinto, Claudinéia Aparecida Sales de Oliveira; Prado, María Segunda Aurora; Baby, André R; Velasco, Maria Valéria R

2017-10-15

Tryptophan, an amino acid found in hair proteinaceous structure is used as a marker of hair photodegradation. Also, protein loss caused by several chemical/physical treatments can be inferred by tryptophan quantification. Kynurenine is a photo-oxidation product of tryptophan, expected to be detected when hair is exposed mainly to UVB (290-320nm) radiation range. Tryptophan from hair is usually quantified directly as a solid or after alkaline hydrolysis, spectrofluorimetrically. However, these types of measure are not sufficiently specific and present several interfering substances. Thus, this work aimed to propose a quantification method for both tryptophan and kynurenine in hair samples, after alkali hydrolysis process, by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorimetric and UV detection. The tryptophan and kynurenine quantification method was developed and validated. Black, white, bleached and dyed (blond and auburn) hair tresses were used in this study. Tryptophan and kynurenine were separated within ∼9min by HPLC. Both black and white virgin hair samples presented similar concentrations of tryptophan, while bleaching caused a reduction in the tryptophan content as well as dyeing process. Unexpectedly, UV/vis radiation did not promote significantly the conversion of tryptophan into its photo-oxidation product and consequently, kynurenine was not detected. Thus, this works presented an acceptable method for quantification of tryptophan and its photooxidation metabolite kynurenine in hair samples. Also, the results indicated that bleaching and dyeing processes promoted protein/amino acids loss but tryptophan is not extensively degraded in human hair by solar radiation. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Forest succession in the Upper Rio Negro of Colombia and Venezuela

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Saldarriaga, J.G.; West, D.C.; Tharp, M.L.

1986-11-01

Woody vegetation from 23 forest stands along the Upper Rio Negro of Venezuela and Colombia was sampled in 1982 to examine the hypothesis that the Amazon forest has been largely undisturbed since the Pleistocene, to quantify vegetation development during different stages of succession following agricultural development, and to determine the time required for a successional stand to become a mature forest. The ubiquitousness of charcoal in the tierra firme forest indicated the presence of fire associated with extreme dry periods and human disturbances. Changes in species composition, vegetation structure, and woody biomass were studied on 19 abandoned farms and fourmore » mature forest stands. Living and dead biomass for the tress and their components was determined by regression equations developed from measurements of harvested trees. The rate of recovery of floristic composition, structure, and biomass following disturbance is relatively slow. Aboveground dead biomass remained high 14 years after the forest was disturbed by the agricultural practices. The lowest dead biomass is reached 20 years after abandonment, and the largest values are found in mature forests. Data analysis of 80-year-old stands showed that the species composition approached that of a mature forest. Approximately 140 to 200 years was required for an abandoned farm to attain the basal area and biomass values comparable to those of a mature forest. The results of this study indicate that recovery is five to seven times longer in the Upper Rio Negro than it is in other tropical areas in South America.« less

PREFACE: First International Congress of the International Association of Inverse Problems (IPIA): Applied Inverse Problems 2007: Theoretical and Computational Aspects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Uhlmann, Gunther

2008-07-01

This volume represents the proceedings of the fourth Applied Inverse Problems (AIP) international conference and the first congress of the Inverse Problems International Association (IPIA) which was held in Vancouver, Canada, June 25 29, 2007. The organizing committee was formed by Uri Ascher, University of British Columbia, Richard Froese, University of British Columbia, Gary Margrave, University of Calgary, and Gunther Uhlmann, University of Washington, chair. The conference was part of the activities of the Pacific Institute of Mathematical Sciences (PIMS) Collaborative Research Group on inverse problems (http://www.pims.math.ca/scientific/collaborative-research-groups/past-crgs). This event was also supported by grants from NSF and MITACS. Inverse Problems (IP) are problems where causes for a desired or an observed effect are to be determined. They lie at the heart of scientific inquiry and technological development. The enormous increase in computing power and the development of powerful algorithms have made it possible to apply the techniques of IP to real-world problems of growing complexity. Applications include a number of medical as well as other imaging techniques, location of oil and mineral deposits in the earth's substructure, creation of astrophysical images from telescope data, finding cracks and interfaces within materials, shape optimization, model identification in growth processes and, more recently, modelling in the life sciences. The series of Applied Inverse Problems (AIP) Conferences aims to provide a primary international forum for academic and industrial researchers working on all aspects of inverse problems, such as mathematical modelling, functional analytic methods, computational approaches, numerical algorithms etc. The steering committee of the AIP conferences consists of Heinz Engl (Johannes Kepler Universität, Austria), Joyce McLaughlin (RPI, USA), William Rundell (Texas A&M, USA), Erkki Somersalo (Helsinki University of Technology

?La Maétresse dit que je suis lent?: Représentation de l'école française dans le discours d'élèves immigrés

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vasquez, Ana; Proux, Michelle B.

1984-06-01

The difficulties of immigrant children at school have generally been studied with the emphasis either on their deficiencies or on the schemes which they devise to enable them to adapt. The study which is presented here, however, aims at a radically different approach by viewing the problem within the theoretical framework of transculturation and by examining the way in which the pupils themselves perceive the French school system. A study is made of the outcome of 101 interviews which were conducted in their mother tongue with Spanish- or Portuguese-speaking boys and girls aged between 10 and 17 years old. On the basis of statistical analysis by computer, indices were formulated with the intention of establishing (a) the relationship between the researcher and the subject during the interview; (b) the links between the subject as an individual and his/her peer-group (`me' — `us'); (c) his/her perception of `others'; and (d) the way in which he/she relates to his/her experience (as something to be positively accepted — or to be suffered; `active' or `passive'). Keywords illustrate and underline the difficulties encountered both by pupils and by the school to grasp the idea of time norms as a cultural shaping and to perceive how relative they are.

Respiratory-Induced Haemodynamic Changes: A Contributing Factor to IVC Filter Penetration

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Laborda, Alicia, E-mail: alaborda@unizar.es; Kuo, William T., E-mail: wkuo@stanford.edu; Ioakeim, Ignatios, E-mail: ignacio.ioakim@hotmail.es

2015-10-15

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to evaluate the influence of respiratory-induced vena caval hemodynamic changes on filter migration/penetration.Materials and MethodsAfter placement of either a Gunther Tulip or Celect IVC filter, 101 consecutive patients scheduled for filter retrieval were prospectively enrolled in this study. Pre-retrieval CT scans were used to assess filter complications and to calculate cross-sectional area in three locations: at level of filter strut fixation, 3 cm above and 3 cm below. A 3D finite element simulation was constructed on these data and direct IVC pressure was recorded during filter retrieval. Cross-sectional areas and pressures of the vena cava weremore » measured during neutral breathing and in Valsalva maneuver and identified filter complications were recorded. A statistical analysis of these variables was then performed.ResultsDuring Valsalva maneuvers, a 60 % decrease of the IVC cross-sectional area and a fivefold increase in the IVC pressure were identified (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the reduction of the cross-sectional area at the filter strut level (p < 0.001) in patient with filter penetration. Difficulty in filter retrieval was higher in penetrated or tilted filters (p < 0.001; p = 0.005). 3D computational models showed significant IVC deformation around the filter during Valsalva maneuver.ConclusionCaval morphology and hemodynamics are clearly affected by Valsalva maneuvers. A physiological reduction of IVC cross-sectional area is associated with higher risk of filter penetration, despite short dwell times. Physiologic data should be used to improve future filter designs to remain safely implanted over longer dwell times.« less

Denali, Tulip, and Option Inferior Vena Cava Filter Retrieval: A Single Center Experience.

PubMed

Ramaswamy, Raja S; Jun, Emily; van Beek, Darren; Mani, Naganathan; Salter, Amber; Kim, Seung K; Akinwande, Olaguoke

2018-04-01

To compare the technical success of filter retrieval in Denali, Tulip, and Option inferior vena cava filters. A retrospective analysis of Denali, Gunther Tulip, and Option IVC filters was conducted. Retrieval failure rates, fluoroscopy time, sedation time, use of advanced retrieval techniques, and filter-related complications that led to retrieval failure were recorded. There were 107 Denali, 43 Option, and 39 Tulip filters deployed and removed with average dwell times of 93.5, 86.0, and 131 days, respectively. Retrieval failure rates were 0.9% for Denali, 11.6% for Option, and 5.1% for Tulip filters (Denali vs. Option p = 0.018; Denali vs. Tulip p = 0.159; Tulip vs. Option p = 0.045). Median fluoroscopy time for filter retrieval was 3.2 min for the Denali filter, 6.75 min for the Option filter, and 4.95 min for the Tulip filter (Denali vs. Option p < 0.01; Denali vs. Tulip p < 0.01; Tulip vs. Option p = 0.67). Advanced retrieval techniques were used in 0.9% of Denali filters, 21.1% in Option filters, and 10.8% in Tulip filters (Denali vs. Option p < 0.01; Denali vs. Tulip p < 0.01; Tulip vs. Option p < 0.01). Filter retrieval failure rates were significantly higher for the Option filter when compared to both the Denali and Tulip filters. Retrieval of the Denali filter required significantly less amount of fluoroscopy time and use of advanced retrieval techniques when compared to both the Option and Tulip filters. The findings of this study indicate easier retrieval of the Denali and Tulip IVC filters when compared to the Option filter.

Pratique de l’analgésie péridurale auprès de 20 parturientes au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé (Togo)

PubMed Central

Egbohou, Pilakimwé; Mouzou, Tabana; Sama, Hamza Doles; Tchétike, Pikabalo; Assénouwé, Sarakawabalo; Akala-Yoba, Gnimdou; Tomta, Kadjika

2017-01-01

Etude prospective et descriptive sur la pratique de l’analgésie péridurale (APD) obstétricale au CHU Sylvanus Olympio (CHU SO) de Lomé. Etude menée de février à juin 2014. Après accord des gestantes choisies au hasard et en l’absence de contre-indication à l’issue de la consultation d’anesthésie, faite au 8ème mois de la grossesse, des femmes ont été retenues pour l’étude. Sur 29 gestantes retenues, 20 (69%) ont bénéficiées de l’APD. Age moyen 30,6±6,6 ans, primigestes : 35%, multipares 50%, Obèses (BMI>30): 25%. Nombre moyen de ponctions: 1,2±0,5; reflux de sang dans le cathéter: 5%, brèche dure-mérienne : 0. Délai moyen d’installation: 8,5 ±2,2mn. Quantité moyenne de bupivacaine isobare à 0,125%: 28,8±8ml; Echelle Numérique à T10min < 3 pour toutes les parturientes. Bloc moteur: 0. Hypotension: 1cas (5%). Mode d’accouchement: voie basse: 19 (95%), césarienne: 1 (5%). Détresse respiratoire à la naissance du nouveau né: 0. Note de satisfaction: 9,8±0,5 /10. L’APD obstétricale est possible au CHU Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé. En attendant sa vulgarisation à toutes les parturientes par la disponibilité des moyens humains et matériels, la réaliser pour ses indications médicales serait un premier pas. PMID:28451033

Oxidative stress and other risk factors for white matter lesions in chronic hemodialysis patients.

PubMed

Muñoz-Cortés, Mònica; Cabré, Carme; Villa, Diasol; Vives, Joan Pere; Arruche, Mercedes; Soler, Jordi; Compte, Maria Teresa; Aguilera, Josep; Jariod, Manel; Romeu, Marta; Giralt, Montserrat; Martinez-Vea, Alberto

2013-09-01

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and promotes oxidative tress (OS), which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of white matter lesions (WML), a form of small-vessel cerebrovascular disease. The relationship between OS and WML in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients has not yet been studied. We studied 67 chronic HD patients, aged 40 - 65 years (average 54 years) without known cerebrovascular disease. All patients underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging and subcortical and periventricular WML were evaluated using semiquantitative measures. Patients were classified into two groups depending on the presence or absence of WML (Fazekas classification), and the WML were scored. Carotid ultrasonography was also performed to evaluate the presence of carotid artery plaques and/or stenosis. Markers of protein and lipid oxidation (protein carbonyl and oxLDL antibodies), the glutathione system, enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase) and total antioxidant capacity (ORAC) were measured. OS markers were compared to those of a group of 36 healthy subjects. WML were present in 54% of the total population. Patients who had WML were older and had lower predialysis diastolic blood pressure than patients without WML. Other potential cardiovascular risk factors for WML, including obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, presence of carotid artery plaques or stenosis, and duration and adequacy of HD were not related to the presence of WML. Compared to controls, HD patients had increased OS and decreased antioxidant capacity. However, OS did not differ between patients with WML and those without, and we found no association between OS markers and mean WML scores. After adjusting for several factors, only age and low predialysis diastolic blood pressure independently predicted an increased risk of WML. Our results confirm that chronic HD patients have increased OS, but this is

[Characteristics of main layer and regeneration layer of Haloxylon ammodendron plantations at different ages on the southern edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert, Northwest China].

PubMed

Chen, Qi Min; Luo, Qing Hong; Ning, Hu Sen; Zhao, Cheng Yi; Duan, Wen Biao

2017-03-18

The population structure characteristics, natural regeneration, and the influential factors of Haloxylon ammodendron plantations at six different stand ages on the southern edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert were studied. The results showed that H. ammodendron plantation at the stand age of 7 could naturally regenerate. At the stand age of 17, the densities of the seedlings (＜30 cm height), saplings (30≤H＜50 height), and small trees (≥50 cm height) reached optimal class, and the mean height and base diameter of the small tress reached 1.10 m and 1.91 cm, respectively. The parent trees in H. ammodendron plantation at the stand age of 20 grew best. The height of 35% individuals grew up to 2.50-3.00 m, and the basal stem diameter of 23.1% individuals grew up to 8.00-10.00 cm. The height and diameter growth of the parent trees in H. ammodendron plantation at the stand age of 33 apparently declined, but the regeneration ability by natural seed dispersal was still strong. The regeneration density of natural seed dispersal showed the greatest correlation with the available nitrogen content in 0-100 cm soil layer (0.87), followed by the soil rapidly available phosphorus content (0.84) and the soil water content (0.79). The soils with pH 8.1-8.6 did not limit the nutrient growth of the regeneration layer. In the main stand layer, the individual density of whole regeneration layer showed the greatest correlation with the biomass of the parent trees (0.77), while the density of regeneration layer of the small trees showed the greatest correlation with the planting density (0.71) and the age of the parent trees (0.70).

Dépression et niveau de fardeau chez les aidants familiaux des sujets déments en Tunisie

PubMed Central

Ben Thabet, Jihène; Jaoua, Feriel; Charfi, Nada; Zouari, Lobna; Zouari, Nasreddine; Maalej, Mohamed

2011-01-01

Introduction La démence peut retentir lourdement sur les aidants familiaux du patient. Les objectifs de notre étude étaient de déterminer le niveau de fardeau et de la dépression chez les aidants familiaux de sujets déments, et d'identifier les facteurs associés à un niveau de fardeau élevé. Méthodes Il s'agissait d'une enquête auprès de 65 aidants tunisiens. Les niveaux de fardeau et de la dépression ont été évalués par, respectivement, l'inventaire de Zarit et l’échelle de Beck. Résultats Le taux des aidants qui avaient un niveau de fardeau élevé était de 52,3 %. Une dépression modérée ou sévère a été relevée chez 46,2 %. Un niveau de fardeau élevé était corrélé, du côté de l'aidant, avec le niveau socio-économique moyen à élevé, la cohabitation avec le patient, le fait d’être son conjoint, la réduction des activités quotidiennes et la sévérité de la dépression, et, du côté du dément, avec l'agressivité. Conclusion Les facteurs corrélés à un niveau de fardeau élevé orientent vers les cibles d'intervention et sont susceptibles d’être améliorés par la prise en charge, ce qui contribuerait à alléger la détresse des aidants. PMID:22384291

Using integrated research and interdisciplinary science: Potential benefits and challenges to managers of parks and protected areas

USGS Publications Warehouse

van Riper, Charles; Powell, Robert B.; Machlis, Gary; van Wagtendonk, Jan W.; van Riper, Carena J.; von Ruschkowski, Eick; Schwarzbach, Steven E.; Galipeau, Russell E.

2012-01-01

Our purpose in this paper is to build a case for utilizing interdisciplinary science to enhance the management of parks and protected areas. We suggest that interdisciplinary science is necessary for dealing with the complex issues of contemporary resource management, and that using the best available integrated scientific information be embraced and supported at all levels of agencies that manage parks and protected areas. It will take the commitment of park managers, scientists, and agency leaders to achieve the goal of implementing the results of interdisciplinary science into park management. Although such calls go back at least several decades, today interdisciplinary science is sporadically being promoted as necessary for supporting effective protected area management(e.g., Machlis et al. 1981; Kelleher and Kenchington 1991). Despite this history, rarely has "interdisciplinary science" been defined, its importance explained, or guidance provided on how to translate and then implement the associated research results into management actions (Tress et al. 2006; Margles et al. 2010). With the extremely complex issues that now confront protected areas (e.g., climate change influences, extinctions and loss of biodiversity, human and wildlife demographic changes, and unprecedented human population growth) information from more than one scientific discipline will need to be brought to bear in order to achieve sustained management solutions that resonate with stakeholders (Ostrom 2009). Although interdisciplinary science is not the solution to all problems, we argue that interdisciplinary research is an evolving and widely supported best practice. In the case of park and protected area management, interdisciplinary science is being driven by the increasing recognition of the complexity and interconnectedness of human and natural systems, and the notion that addressing many problems can be more rapidly advanced through interdisciplinary study and analysis.

Validation of artificial neural network models for predicting biochemical markers associated with male infertility.

PubMed

Vickram, A S; Kamini, A Rao; Das, Raja; Pathy, M Ramesh; Parameswari, R; Archana, K; Sridharan, T B

2016-08-01

Seminal fluid is the secretion from many glands comprised of several organic and inorganic compounds including free amino acids, proteins, fructose, glucosidase, zinc, and other scavenging elements like Mg(2+), Ca(2+), K(+), and Na(+). Therefore, in the view of development of novel approaches and proper diagnosis to male infertility, overall understanding of the biochemical and molecular composition and its role in regulation of sperm quality is highly desirable. Perhaps this can be achieved through artificial intelligence. This study was aimed to elucidate and predict various biochemical markers present in human seminal plasma with three different neural network models. A total of 177 semen samples were collected for this research (both fertile and infertile samples) and immediately processed to prepare a semen analysis report, based on the protocol of the World Health Organization (WHO [2010]). The semen samples were then categorized into oligoasthenospermia (n=35), asthenospermia (n=35), azoospermia (n=22), normospermia (n=34), oligospermia (n=34), and control (n=17). The major biochemical parameters like total protein content, fructose, glucosidase, and zinc content were elucidated by standard protocols. All the biochemical markers were predicted by using three different artificial neural network (ANN) models with semen parameters as inputs. Of the three models, the back propagation neural network model (BPNN) yielded the best results with mean absolute error 0.025, -0.080, 0.166, and -0.057 for protein, fructose, glucosidase, and zinc, respectively. This suggests that BPNN can be used to predict biochemical parameters for the proper diagnosis of male infertility in assisted reproductive technology (ART) centres. AAS: absorption spectroscopy; AI: artificial intelligence; ANN: artificial neural networks; ART: assisted reproductive technology; BPNN: back propagation neural network model; DT: decision tress; MLP: multilayer perceptron; PESA: percutaneous

The Optimization of an eHealth Solution (Thought Spot) with Transition-Aged Youth in Postsecondary Settings: Participatory Design Research.

PubMed

VanHeerwaarden, Nicole; Ferguson, Genevieve; Abi-Jaoude, Alexxa; Johnson, Andrew; Hollenberg, Elisa; Chaim, Gloria; Cleverley, Kristin; Eysenbach, Gunther; Henderson, Joanna; Levinson, Andrea; Robb, Janine; Sharpe, Sarah; Voineskos, Aristotle; Wiljer, David

2018-03-06

, Kristin Cleverley, Gunther Eysenbach, Joanna Henderson, Andrea Levinson, Janine Robb, Sarah Sharpe, Aristotle Voineskos, David Wiljer. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 06.03.2018.

Emergence of infection with Aphanomyces invadans in fish in some main aquatic ecosystems in Zimbabwe: A threat to national fisheries production.

PubMed

Sibanda, Sitokozile; Pfukenyi, Davies M; Barson, Maxwell; Hang'ombe, Bernard; Matope, Gift

2018-06-07

The first outbreak on the African continent of infection with Aphanomyces invadans (the causative agent of epizootic ulcerative syndrome) in fish was confirmed in the Chobe-Zambezi rivers in 2007. The emergence of massive outbreaks of infection with A. invadans in multiple fish species exposed serious aquatic biosecurity challenges in the Southern African region. This study investigated the incursion of infection with A. invadans in fish from the main aquatic ecosystems of Zimbabwe from 2012 to 2015 using data obtained from the Department of Livestock and Veterinary Services, Zimbabwe. In some outbreaks, fish samples were collected and tested at the University of Zambia, for confirmation by histopathology and species-specific PCR. The infection was first confirmed at Darwendale water impoundment (Mashonaland West Province) in 2012, followed by Matabeleland South Province at Mtshabezi water impoundment and Nkankezi River (both 2013). An apparent southward spread continued in 2014, with virgin outbreaks at Ntalale water impoundment (Matabeleland South Province) and Mwenezi River in Midlands Province. In 2015, inland incursion was confirmed at Dutchman's Pool in Midlands Province and further north-west at the Sanyati River Basin in Lake Kariba (Mashonaland West Province). In all outbreaks, infection with A. invadans was confirmed in seven fish species, namely the African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell, 1822), blunt-toothed African catfish (Clarias ngamensis Castelnau, 1861), yellow belly bream (Serranochromis robustus Gunther, 1864), straight fin barb (Enteromius paludinosus Peters, 1852), dashtail barb (Enteromius poechii Steindachner, 1911), large-mouth bass (Micropterus salmoides Lac'epe'de, 1802) and the three-spot tilapia (Oreochromis andersonii Castelnau, 1861). Cases were most common in the African sharptooth catfish, with mortalities more pronounced in young fish of all species. The results suggested a gradual emergence of an intractable

Species distribution modelling for conservation of an endangered endemic orchid

PubMed Central

Wang, Hsiao-Hsuan; Wonkka, Carissa L.; Treglia, Michael L.; Grant, William E.; Smeins, Fred E.; Rogers, William E.

2015-01-01

Concerns regarding the long-term viability of threatened and endangered plant species are increasingly warranted given the potential impacts of climate change and habitat fragmentation on unstable and isolated populations. Orchidaceae is the largest and most diverse family of flowering plants, but it is currently facing unprecedented risks of extinction. Despite substantial conservation emphasis on rare orchids, populations continue to decline. Spiranthes parksii (Navasota ladies' tresses) is a federally and state-listed endangered terrestrial orchid endemic to central Texas. Hence, we aimed to identify potential factors influencing the distribution of the species, quantify the relative importance of each factor and determine suitable habitat for future surveys and targeted conservation efforts. We analysed several geo-referenced variables describing climatic conditions and landscape features to identify potential factors influencing the likelihood of occurrence of S. parksii using boosted regression trees. Our model classified 97 % of the cells correctly with regard to species presence and absence, and indicated that probability of existence was correlated with climatic conditions and landscape features. The most influential variables were mean annual precipitation, mean elevation, mean annual minimum temperature and mean annual maximum temperature. The most likely suitable range for S. parksii was the eastern portions of Leon and Madison Counties, the southern portion of Brazos County, a portion of northern Grimes County and along the borders between Burleson and Washington Counties. Our model can assist in the development of an integrated conservation strategy through: (i) focussing future survey and research efforts on areas with a high likelihood of occurrence, (ii) aiding in selection of areas for conservation and restoration and (iii) framing future research questions including those necessary for predicting responses to climate change. Our model could also

Multi-phenology WorldView-2 imagery improves remote sensing of savannah tree species

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Madonsela, Sabelo; Cho, Moses Azong; Mathieu, Renaud; Mutanga, Onisimo; Ramoelo, Abel; Kaszta, Żaneta; Kerchove, Ruben Van De; Wolff, Eléonore

2017-06-01

Biodiversity mapping in African savannah is important for monitoring changes and ensuring sustainable use of ecosystem resources. Biodiversity mapping can benefit from multi-spectral instruments such as WorldView-2 with very high spatial resolution and a spectral configuration encompassing important spectral regions not previously available for vegetation mapping. This study investigated i) the benefits of the eight-band WorldView-2 (WV-2) spectral configuration for discriminating tree species in Southern African savannah and ii) if multiple-images acquired at key points of the typical phenological development of savannahs (peak productivity, transition to senescence) improve on tree species classifications. We first assessed the discriminatory power of WV-2 bands using interspecies-Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) via Band Add-On procedure and tested the spectral capability of WorldView-2 against simulated IKONOS for tree species classification. The results from interspecies-SAM procedure identified the yellow and red bands as the most statistically significant bands (p = 0.000251 and p = 0.000039 respectively) in the discriminatory power of WV-2 during the transition from wet to dry season (April). Using Random Forest classifier, the classification scenarios investigated showed that i) the 8-bands of the WV-2 sensor achieved higher classification accuracy for the April date (transition from wet to dry season, senescence) compared to the March date (peak productivity season) ii) the WV-2 spectral configuration systematically outperformed the IKONOS sensor spectral configuration and iii) the multi-temporal approach (March and April combined) improved the discrimination of tress species and produced the highest overall accuracy results at 80.4%. Consistent with the interspecies-SAM procedure, the yellow (605 nm) band also showed a statistically significant contribution in the improved classification accuracy from WV-2. These results highlight the mapping opportunities

Species distribution modelling for conservation of an endangered endemic orchid.

PubMed

Wang, Hsiao-Hsuan; Wonkka, Carissa L; Treglia, Michael L; Grant, William E; Smeins, Fred E; Rogers, William E

2015-04-21

Concerns regarding the long-term viability of threatened and endangered plant species are increasingly warranted given the potential impacts of climate change and habitat fragmentation on unstable and isolated populations. Orchidaceae is the largest and most diverse family of flowering plants, but it is currently facing unprecedented risks of extinction. Despite substantial conservation emphasis on rare orchids, populations continue to decline. Spiranthes parksii (Navasota ladies' tresses) is a federally and state-listed endangered terrestrial orchid endemic to central Texas. Hence, we aimed to identify potential factors influencing the distribution of the species, quantify the relative importance of each factor and determine suitable habitat for future surveys and targeted conservation efforts. We analysed several geo-referenced variables describing climatic conditions and landscape features to identify potential factors influencing the likelihood of occurrence of S. parksii using boosted regression trees. Our model classified 97 % of the cells correctly with regard to species presence and absence, and indicated that probability of existence was correlated with climatic conditions and landscape features. The most influential variables were mean annual precipitation, mean elevation, mean annual minimum temperature and mean annual maximum temperature. The most likely suitable range for S. parksii was the eastern portions of Leon and Madison Counties, the southern portion of Brazos County, a portion of northern Grimes County and along the borders between Burleson and Washington Counties. Our model can assist in the development of an integrated conservation strategy through: (i) focussing future survey and research efforts on areas with a high likelihood of occurrence, (ii) aiding in selection of areas for conservation and restoration and (iii) framing future research questions including those necessary for predicting responses to climate change. Our model could also

Une validation de la forme abrégée de l’Échelle de provisions sociales : l’ÉPS-10 items

PubMed Central

Caron, Jean

2016-01-01

L’Échelle de provisions sociales-10 items (ÉPS-10) est une version abrégée de l’Échelle de provisions sociales (Social Provisions Scale) (Cutrona et Russell, 1987) validée en langue française sur une population québécoise (Caron, 1996) et qui permet de mesurer la disponibilité du soutien social. L’ÉPS-10 conserve cinq des six sous-échelles de l’ÉPS (l’attachement ; l’intégration sociale ; la confirmation de sa valeur ; l’aide matérielle et l’orientation), le besoin de se sentir utile et nécessaire ayant été exclu, et ne garde que les items formulés positivement, soit deux items par dimension du soutien. L’article présente la validation de l’EPS-10 sur un échantillon représentatif de 2433 personnes provenant de la population générale du sud-ouest de Montréal. Elle a une forte validité concomitante avec l’Échelle originelle de 24 items (ÉPS). Tous ces items sont fortement corrélés au score total et sa consistance interne est excellente. Des analyses de corrélation entre les sous-échelles et le score global et une analyse factorielle indiquent que l’ÉPS-10 conserve sa validité de construit. L’ÉPS-10 explique 14,1 % de la variance de la détresse psychologique et 25,4 % de la variance de la qualité de vie et conserve un pouvoir prédictif équivalent à l’ÉPS à 24 items. L’ensemble des analyses suggère que l’ÉPS-10 est un instrument fiable et valide pour mesurer la disponibilité du soutien social avec un temps d’administration réduit de moitié. Il s’avère un excellent choix pour les enquêtes épidémiologiques. PMID:24337002

Effects of dietary chlorogenic acid on growth performance, antioxidant capacity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under normal condition and combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite.

PubMed

Wang, Yun; Li, Zheng; Li, Jian; Duan, Ya-Fei; Niu, Jin; Wang, Jun; Huang, Zhong; Lin, Hei-Zhao

2015-04-01

An eight-week feeding trial followed by an acute combined stress test of low-salinity and nitrite were performed to evaluate effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on growth performance and antioxidant capacity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimp were randomly allocated in 12 tanks (30 shrimp per tank) and triplicate tanks were fed with a control diet or diets containing different levels of CGA (100, 200 and 400 mg kg(-1) feed) as treatment groups. Growth performance including weight gain (WG), biomass gain (BG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and feed intake were determined after feeding for 56 days. Antioxidant capacity were evaluated by determining the activity of total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) as well as the gene expression of GSH-Px and CAT in the hepatopancreas of shrimp at the end of feeding trial and again at the end of the combined stress test. The results indicated that supplemention of CGA had no significant effects on the growth performance and the activities of TAS, SOD, GSH-Px and CAT in hepatopancreas of shrimp cultured under normal conditions for 56 days. However, compared with the control group, CGA (200, 400 mg kg(-1) feed) significantly improved the resistance of L. vannamei against the combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite, as indicated by the significant (P < 0.05) higher survival, higher activities of TAS, GSH-Px and CAT, as well as higher transcript levels of GPx and CAT gene in shrimp treated with CGA in the combined tress test. Our findings suggested that CGA possessed dual-modulatory effects on antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei and could be a potential feed additive that can enhance shrimp resistance against environmental stresses. The recommended application dosage is 200 mg kg(-1) and further studies are needed to clarify the action model of CGA efficiency. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

[Soil and forest structure in the Colombian Amazon].

PubMed

Calle-Rendón, Bayron R; Moreno, Flavio; Cárdenas López, Dairon

2011-09-01

Forests structural differences could result of environmental variations at different scales. Because soils are an important component of plant's environment, it is possible that edaphic and structural variables are associated and that, in consequence, spatial autocorrelation occurs. This paper aims to answer two questions: (1) are structural and edaphic variables associated at local scale in a terra firme forest of Colombian Amazonia? and (2) are these variables regionalized at the scale of work? To answer these questions we analyzed the data of a 6ha plot established in a terra firme forest of the Amacayacu National Park. Structural variables included basal area and density of large trees (diameter > or = 10cm) (Gdos and Ndos), basal area and density of understory individuals (diameter < 10cm) (Gsot and Nsot) and number of species of large trees (sp). Edaphic variables included were pH, organic matter, P, Mg, Ca, K, Al, sand, silt and clay. Structural and edaphic variables were reduced through a principal component analysis (PCA); then, the association between edaphic and structural components from PCA was evaluated by multiple regressions. The existence of regionalization of these variables was studied through isotropic variograms, and autocorrelated variables were spatially mapped. PCA found two significant components for structure, corresponding to the structure of large trees (G, Gdos, Ndos and sp) and of small trees (N, Nsot and Gsot), which explained 43.9% and 36.2% of total variance, respectively. Four components were identified for edaphic variables, which globally explained 81.9% of total variance and basically represent drainage and soil fertility. Regression analyses were significant (p < 0.05) and showed that the structure of both large and small trees is associated with greater sand contents and low soil fertility, though they explained a low proportion of total variability (R2 was 4.9% and 16.5% for the structure of large trees and small tress

British Society of Interventional Radiology (BSIR) Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Filter Registry

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Uberoi, Raman, E-mail: raman.Uberoi@orh.nhs.uk; Tapping, Charles Ross; Chalmers, Nicholas

Purpose: The British Society of Interventional Radiology (BSIR) Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Filter Registry was produced to provide an audit of current United Kingdom (UK) practice regarding placement and retrieval of IVC filters to address concerns regarding their safety. Methods: The IVC filter registry is a web-based registry, launched by the BSIR on behalf of its membership in October 2007. This report is based on prospectively collected data from October 2007 to March 2011. This report contains analysis of data on 1,434 IVC filter placements and 400 attempted retrievals performed at 68 UK centers. Data collected included patient demographics, insertionmore » and retrieval data, and patient follow-up. Results: IVC filter use in the majority of patients in the UK follows accepted CIRSE guidelines. Filter placement is usually a low-risk procedure, with a low major complication rate (<0.5 %). Cook Gunther Tulip (560 filters: 39 %) and Celect (359 filters: 25 %) filters constituted the majority of IVC filters inserted, with Bard G2, Recovery filters, Cordis Trapease, and OptEase constituting most of the remainder (445 filters: 31 %). More than 96 % of IVC filters deployed as intended. Operator inexperience (<25 procedure) was significantly associated with complications (p < 0.001). Of the IVC filters initially intended for temporary placement, retrieval was attempted in 78 %. Of these retrieval was technically successful in 83 %. Successful retrieval was significantly reduced for implants left in situ for >9 weeks versus those with a shorter dwell time. New lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and/or IVC thrombosis was reported in 88 patients following filter placement, there was no significant difference of incidence between filter types. Conclusions: This registry report provides interventional radiologists and clinicians with an improved understanding of the technical aspects of IVC filter placement to help improve practice, and the potential consequences of IVC

Atteinte cardiaque au cours de la dystrophie myotonique de Steinert: expérience marocaine, à propos de 18 cas

PubMed Central

Saghi, Ghita; Bouhouch, Rachida; Salaheddine, Loubna; Birouk, Nezha; Nadifi, Salama; Fellat, Ibtissam; Cherti, Mohamed

2015-01-01

La maladie de Steinert ou dystrophie myotonique de type 1 (DM1) est une maladie génétique à transmission autosomique dominante caractérisée par une myotonie et une atteinte de plusieurs organes dont le cœur. L'atteinte cardiaque est la plus grave des atteintes systémiques puisqu'elle conditionne le pronostic vital. Ce travail a pour but de déterminer les anomalies cardiaques rencontrées au cours de la DM1 et de mettre en exergue l'intérêt d'un examen cardiaque rigoureux et régulier, indépendamment de la sévérité de l'atteinte neuromusculaire, ainsi que l'apport des examens cardiaques complémentaires et notamment l'exploration électrophysiologique. 18 patients atteints de DM1 ont bénéficiés d'une exploration cardiaque systématique. Il s'agit de 9 hommes et de 9 femmes, d’âge moyen de 41,8 +/- 16,2 ans. 66 p.100 des patients sont symptomatiques sur le plan cardiovasculaire. Les anomalies électrocardiographiques sont dominées par un trouble de la conduction intra-ventriculaire dans 16 p.100 des cas et un BAV de 1er degré dans 16 p.100 des cas. L'Holter ECG objective une hyperexcitabilité à l’étage atrial et/ou ventriculaire dans 50p.100 des cas. L'ETT est normale chez 95 p.100 des patients. L'exploration électrophysiologique, réalisée chez 4 patients symptomatiques, a objectivé un bloc tronculaire dans un cas ayant conduit à l'implantation d'un PM double chambre. Un seul patient est décédé suite à une détresse respiratoire. Enfin, on n'a pas noté de corrélation entre l'atteinte cardiaque et neuromusculaire. Une exploration cardiaque est indispensable chez tout patient atteint de DM1, en dépit de l'absence de symptômes, et un bilan annuel minimal s'impose pour guetter un éventuel trouble rythmique et/ou conductif, fatal en l'absence de traitement adéquat. PMID:26097635

Decoupling structural and environmental determinants of sap velocity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Caylor, K. K.; Dragoni, D.

2007-12-01

Characterization of transpiration based on the water use of individual tress has the advantage of preserving vital information on the plant-environment functional links and flux partitioning between species and landscape areas. Whole-tree transpiration has been estimated by means of sap velocity probes, which offer the dual advantages of practicality and repeatability. However, the assumptions underlying the technique require careful verification in order to determine total sap flow from point-based estimates of sap velocity. Our work presents a novel theoretical framework for the study of individual tree sap flow that incorporates both spatial and temporal variability in sap velocities. The instantaneous sap velocity at any point in the radial profile of xylem tissue is defined as the product of two components: (1) a time-invariant sap velocity distribution linked to the species- specific anatomical and structural properties of the conducting xylem, and (2) a time-varying term linked to the dynamics of the atmospheric water demand and available soil moisture. The separation of structural and temporal variation in sap velocity observations provides a direct mechanism for investigating how sap flow is governed by variation in environmental conditions as well as a means for comparing characteristic rates of plant water use among individuals of varying size. Most critically, this approach allows for a consistent and physically meaningful method for extrapolating point observations of sap velocity across the entire depth of conducting xylem. Experimental evidence supports our theoretical framework in the case of a population of sugar maples in a mixed deciduous forest, where observations were taken from a wide range of tree sizes, under varying soil water availability and atmospheric transpiration demand. We have also applied our approach to a small homogeneous sample of dwarf apple trees in a managed orchard, with favorable results. While these results require further

Protection of oxidative hair color fading from shampoo washing by hydrophobically modified cationic polymers.

PubMed

Zhou, Y; Foltis, L; Moore, D J; Rigoletto, R

2009-01-01

The fading of oxidative color in hair as a result of daily shampoo washing activities has become a common problem and a source of frequent complaints by consumers. The fading occurs primarily through hair dye solubility in water. One aspect of the current study investigates the physical and chemical factors that influence hair color fading during the washing process. This is accomplished by testing hair dye dissolution in water from dyed hair samples with variation of surfactant type, pH, and hair type. Furthermore, a new approach to preventing color fading is developed aiming to provide an effective barrier function for hair dye from dissolving into water. The preliminary investigation of a series of polymers with various functional groups indicates that polymers with hydrophobically modified and cationic functionalities are most effective in preventing hair dye dissolution in water. It is also evident that a synergistic effect of the polymer's hydrophobic moieties and cationic charges are important on hair color protection during shampoo washing processes. A primary example of a polymer within this category is a cationic terpolymer of vinylpyrrolidone, dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide, and methacryloylaminopropyl lauryldimonium chloride (INCI: Polyquaternium-55). The color protection benefit of this polymer is evaluated using newly developed methodologies for evaluating hair color changes, such as hair color fading tests through multiple shampoo washes with mannequin heads and hair tresses, both derived from human hair, colorimetry, and quantitative digital image analysis. In addition, new infrared spectroscopic imaging techniques are used to detect the hair dye deposition behavior inside hair fibers both with and without the color protection treatment. Both visual and instrumental measurement results indicate that Polyquaternium-55 provides a high level of color protection when formulated in a hair color protection regimen with up to 50% color protection. This

gidakiimanaaniwigamig (gidaa) science camps for 3-12 students at Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ito, E.; Kowalczak, C.; Dalbotten, D. M.; Pellerin, H.; Greensky, L.

2015-12-01

Gidaa informal science camps have been held in various formats and emphases for over 10 years at Fond du Lac (FDL). These camps provided a safe place for young people to be "nerds" but did not have specific focus. In the last 5 years the camp themes became more focused on environmental issues facing the reservation. From 2009 to 2014 the camps focused on issues surrounding the health of wild rice plants. Since September 2014, we are focusing on climate literacy and how climate changes are affecting tribal environment. We learned from our wild rice themed activities that students are more focused and interested in topics that affect them and their reservation and traditional activities.Each camp has a presentation by a staff from the FDL Resource Management Division. These presentations are sometimes given on Friday evenings after dinner and yet students remain alert, respectful, and actively take notes. The presentation topic is known in advance and camp teachers (local middle and high school teachers who have been with us for 5 to 10 years) plan lessons around that topic. In addition, college students, some of them past camp participants, are on hand to assist the teachers and to provide role models. Students have investigated, for example, possible effects of climate change on the timing of rising of sugar maple sap and whether sugar maple tress will continue to thrive in their area, efforts to bring back sturgeon to local rivers and how the changes in water temperature may affect that effort, possible climate connection to decline of moose and walleye pike population at 5 weekend camps during the last academic year. We have conducted 2 surveys by an outside evaluator and will have the results before the next round of camps starts in fall 2015 to help us tweak the format if necessary. Teachers and planners (PIs) are happy with the way camps are running this year; there is a good balance of camp activities that allow teachers to translate and adapt the

Les formes graves de la grippe A(H1N1) 2009 chez la femme enceinte: expérience du centre hospitalier universitaire de Fès, Maroc et revue de la littérature

PubMed Central

Adnane Berdai, Mohamed; Labib, Smael; Harandou, Mustapha

2012-01-01

Introduction Le but de cette étude est de décrire les caractéristiques épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques ainsi que l’évolution des femmes enceintes ou en post partum atteintes de formes graves de Grippe A(H1N1) 2009. Méthodes C’est une étude prospective observationnelle monocentrique, menée au sein de notre service de réanimation mère et enfant au centre hospitalier universitaire Hassan II à Fès, sur une période de 3 mois, allant de novembre 2009 à janvier 2010. Résultats L’âge moyen était de 28 ans, dans 85% des cas la grossesse se situaient au troisième trimestre, le syndrome grippal était constant, la SpO2 initiale était en moyenne de 86%. A la radiographie thoracique, un syndrome alvéolaire bilatéral était toujours présent. L’infection virale était confirmée dans tous les cas par la polymerase chain reaction. Chez 3 patientes la PaO2/FiO2 était inférieure à 300. L’Oseltamivir était l’antiviral utilisé chez toutes les parturientes. Un syndrome de détresse respiratoire aigu a été développé chez 28% des parturientes, elles ont été ventilées artificiellement avec des niveaux de pressions expiratoires positives à 14 +/- 1 cmH2O. L’évolution était favorable dans 71% des cas, cependant, 2 décès ont été déplorés. Conclusion Les résultats rejoignent les données de la littérature, à savoir, un risque accru pour la femme enceinte de développer une forme grave, une présentation clinique similaire au reste de la population, l’intérêt de la vaccination et d’un traitement antiviral précoce et le rôle de l’ECMO dans le traitement des hypoxémies réfractaires. PMID:22514770

Relational development in children with cleft lip and palate: influence of the waiting period prior to the first surgical intervention and parental psychological perceptions of the abnormality.

PubMed

Grollemund, Bruno; Guedeney, Antoine; Vazquez, Marie-Paule; Picard, Arnaud; Soupre, Véronique; Pellerin, Philippe; Simon, Etienne; Velten, Michel; Dissaux, Caroline; Kauffmann, Isabelle; Bruant-Rodier, Catherine; Danion-Grilliat, Anne

2012-06-08

The birth of a child with a cleft lip, whether or not in association with a cleft palate, is a traumatic event for parents. This prospective, multidisciplinary and multi-centre study aims to explore the perceptions and feelings of parents in the year following the birth of their child, and to analyse parent-child relationships. Four inclusion centres have been selected, differing as to the date of the first surgical intervention, between birth and six months. The aim is to compare results, also distinguishing the subgroups of parents who were given the diagnosis in utero and those who were not. The main hypothesis is that the longer the time-lapse before the first surgical intervention, the more likely are the psychological perceptions of the parents to affect the harmonious development of their child. Parents and children are seen twice, when the child is 4 months (T0) and when the child is one year old (T1). At these two times, the psychological state of the child and his/her relational abilities are assessed by a specially trained professional, and self-administered questionnaires measuring factors liable to affect child-parent relationships are issued to the parents. The Alarme Détresse BéBé score for the child and the Parenting Stress Index score for the parents, measured when the child reaches one year, will be used as the main criteria to compare children with early surgery to children with late surgery, and those where the diagnosis was obtained prior to birth with those receiving it at birth. The mental and psychological dimensions relating to the abnormality and its correction will be analysed for the parents (the importance of prenatal diagnosis, relational development with the child, self-image, quality of life) and also, for the first time, for the child (distress, withdrawal). In an ethical perspective, the different time lapses until surgery in the different protocols and their effects will be analysed, so as to serve as a reference for improving

Suivi après le traitement du cancer du sein

PubMed Central

Sisler, Jeffrey; Chaput, Geneviève; Sussman, Jonathan; Ozokwelu, Emmanuel

2016-01-01

Résumé Objectif Offrir aux médecins de famille un résumé des recommandations fondées sur les données probantes pour guider les soins aux survivantes traitées pour le cancer du sein. Qualité des données Une recherche documentaire a été effectuée dans MEDLINE entre 2000 et 2016 à l’aide des mots-clés anglais suivants : breast cancer, survivorship, follow-up care, aftercare, guidelines et survivorship care plans, en se concentrant sur la revue des lignes directrices publiées récemment par les organismes nationaux de cancérologie. Les données étaient de niveaux I à III. Message principal Les soins aux survivantes comportent 4 facettes : surveillance et dépistage, prise en charge des effets à long terme, promotion de la santé et coordination des soins. La surveillance des récidives ne se traduit que par une mammographie annuelle, et le dépistage d’autres cancers doit suivre les lignes directrices basées sur la population. La prise en charge des effets à long terme du cancer et de son traitement aborde des problèmes courants tels la douleur, la fatigue, le lymphœdème, la détresse et les effets indésirables des médicaments, de même que les préoccupations à long terme comme la santé du cœur et des os. La promotion de la santé met en relief les bienfaits de l’activité chez les survivantes du cancer, avec l’accent mis sur l’activité physique. Les soins aux survivantes sont de meilleure qualité lorsque divers services et professionnels de la santé participent aux soins, et le médecin de famille joue un rôle important dans la coordination des soins. Conclusion Les médecins de famille sont de plus en plus souvent les principaux fournisseurs de soins de suivi après le traitement du cancer du sein. Le cancer du sein doit être considéré comme une affection médicale chronique, même chez les femmes en rémission, et les patientes profitent de la même approche que celle utilisée pour les autres affections chroniques en

Ethics, transplantation, and the changing role of anatomists.

PubMed

Satyapal, K S

2005-03-01

Anatomists are regarded as custodians of cadaveric material donated to science. Almost every facet of medical science has experienced explosive advances. This has impacted directly on anatomists and their role. Increasingly, anatomists are raising concerns with regard to the treatment of human tissue (Jones,2002, Clin. Anat. 15:436-440). The Korperwelten (Bodyworlds) of Gunther von Hagens et al. (1987, Anat. Embryol. 175:411-421) has evoked considerable debate about the treatment of human cadavers. Thus far clinical anatomists have had little role to play in policy formulation, legislation, and ethical imperatives as applied to cadaveric donation for organ transplantation. Anatomists play an even more negligible role in the raging ethical controversy around live related/unrelated organ transplantation. Due to the critical international shortage of cadaveric donors, boundaries are being pushed to meet the needs of potential recipients (Ohler,2001, Prog. Transplant. 11:160-161). Constant reappraisal of these ethical and moral issues is therefore appropriate. Issues that relate to cultural and economic imperialism and pronouncements of international transplant societies may also require re-evaluation. The legislature governing the donation of human tissue in various countries is usually governed by a Human Tissue Act or its equivalent. In general, such acts are congruent with the Human Tissue Act (South Africa: Government Gazette 9, November 2001; No. 22824) that states "It is an offense to charge a fee in relation to the donation of human organs." In many countries, however, various lay press report that "the sale of body parts is now coming of age." Terms such as "rewarded gifting" and "donors" being transformed into "vendors" are opening a Pandora's Box (Nelson et al.,1993, "Financial incentives for organ donation: a report on the UNOS ethics committee payment subcommittee"). Cameron and Hoffenberg (1999, Kidney Int. 55:724-732) feel strongly that arguments in

The summertime plankton community at South Georgia (Southern Ocean): Comparing the historical (1926/1927) and modern (post 1995) records

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ward, Peter; Meredith, Michael P.; Whitehouse, Mick J.; Rothery, Peter

2008-09-01

The earliest comprehensive plankton sampling programme in the Southern Ocean was undertaken during the early part of last century by Discovery Investigations to gain a greater scientific understanding of whale stocks and their summer feeding grounds. An initial survey was carried out around South Georgia during December 1926 and January 1927 to describe the distribution of plankton during the summer, and to serve as a baseline against which to compare future surveys. We have reanalysed phytoplankton and zooplankton data from this survey and elucidated patterns of community distribution and compared them with our recent understanding of the ecosystem based on contemporary data. Analysis of Discovery data identified five groups of stations with characteristic phytoplankton communities which were almost entirely consistent with the original analysis conducted by [Hardy A.C., Gunther, E.R., 1935. The plankton of the South Georgia whaling grounds and adjacent waters 1926-1927. Discovery Report 11, 1-456]. Major groupings were located at the western end of the island and over the northern shelf where Corethron spp. were dominant, and to the south and east where a more diverse flora included high abundances of Nitzschia seriata. Major zooplankton-station groupings were located over the inner shelf which was characterised by a high abundance of Drepanopus forcipatus and in oceanic water >500 m deep that were dominated by Foraminifera, Oithona spp., Ctenocalanus vanus, and Calanoides acutus. Stations along the middle and outer shelf regions to the north and west, were characterised by low overall abundance. There was some evidence that groupings of stations to the north of the island originated in different water masses on either side of the Southern Antarctic Circumpolar Current Front, the major frontal system in the deep ocean close to South Georgia. However, transect lines during 1926/1927 did not extend far enough offshore to sample this frontal region adequately

The Moon and the U-47 in Scapa Flow

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schaefer, B. E.

2005-12-01

The skies above affect historical events here on Earth more than is generally realized. Events during wars are often tied to the Moon through operational requirements for illumination (or dark), high tides (or low), and even links to events in lunar calendars. World War II has many famous battles, commando operations, and naval sorties dictated in date by the Moon. Famous examples are D-Day (needing low tides and Full Moon illumination), the amphibious landing on Tarawa (needing but not getting high tides), El Alamein (requiring Full Moon light for the mine-clearers), the Great Escape from Stalag Luft III (chosen for the stealth possible with a New Moon), Mussolini's invasion of Albania (on Good Friday), and even Rudolf Hess' flight to Scotland (timed by a six-planet conjunction and aided in navigation by the Full Moon). This paper will concentrate on one event for which the Moon provided the primary trick for a major Nazi naval victory, while an aurora saved the British from an even worse disaster. The story is set in Scapa Flow, the huge anchorage in the Orkney Islands that was used as a primary base for the British Navy in blockading the North Sea. During World War I, German submarines had twice tried to slip into Scapa Flow but were sunk both times, and the anchorage later became the last resting place of the scuttled German High Seas Fleet. At the outbreak of World War II, then Commodore Karl Doenitz suggested that his ace U-boat captain consider sneaking into Scapa Flow to loose salvos of torpedoes at all the anchored ships. Captain Gunther Prien of the U-47 took up the challenge after realizing that the British had not completely blocked a narrow inlet. His plan was to surface the submarine and go in over the sunken block ships at the highest of spring tides. Spring tides require a syzygy (New or Full Moon), during which the high tides occur near noon or midnight. To be unobserved by onshore guards, the Moon should not be in the sky illuminating the waters

Greenhouse gas emissions of drained fen peatlands in Belarus are controlled by water table, land use, and annual weather conditions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Burlo, Andrei; Minke, Merten; Chuvashova, Hanna; Augustin, Jürgen; Hoffmann, Mathias; Narkevitch, Ivan

2014-05-01

Drainage of peatlands causes strong emission of the greenhouse gases (GHG) CO2 and N2O, sometimes combined with a weak CH4 uptake. In Belarus drained peatlands occupy about 1505000 ha or more than 7.2 % of the country area. Joosten (2009) estimates CO2 emission from degraded peatlands in Belarus as 41.3 Mt yr-1 what equals to 47 % of total anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission of country in 2011. However, it could not be checked if these numbers are correct since there are no GHG measurements on these sites up to now. Therefore we studied the GHG emissions with the closed chamber approach in four peatlands situated in central and southern Belarus over a period from August 2010 to August 2012. The measurements comprised eight site types representing different water level conditions, and ranging from grassland and arable land over abandoned fields and peat cuts to near-natural sedge fens. Fluxes of CH4 and N2O were determined using the close-chamber approach every second week in snow free periods and every fourth week during winter time. The annual emissions were calculated based on linear interpolation. Carbon dioxide exchange was measured with transparent and opaque chambers every 3-4 weeks and the annual net ecosystem exchange (NEE) was modeled according to Drösler (2005). Most of the drained sites were sources of CO2 in both years. NEE increased with lower mean annual water table level. The highest NEE value (1263.5 g CO2-C m-1yr-1) was observed at the driest site of the study; an abandoned fen formerly used for agriculture. In contrast, a former peat extraction site with moist peat and small Pinus sylvestris tress were sinks of CO2 with uptake to 389.6 g CO2-C m-1yr-1. The highest N2O emissions were recorded at a drained agricultural fen with mean annual rates of up to 2347 mg N2O-N m-2 yr-1. Significant fluxes of CH4 (15 g CH4C m-2 h-1) were observed only at the near-natural site in the first year of investigation when precipitation and the mean water

3d-modelling workflows for trans-nationally shared geological models - first approaches from the project GeoMol

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rupf, Isabel

2013-04-01

framework model are interpreted seismic lines, 3d-models can be generated either in time or in depth domain. Some partners will build their 3d-model in time domain and convert it after finishing to depth. Other participants will transform seismic information first and will model directly in depth domain. To ensure comparability between the different parts transnational velocity models for time-depth conversion are required at an early stage of the project. The exchange of model geometries, topology, and geo-scientific content will be achieved applying an appropriate cyberinfrastructure called GST. It provides functionalities to ensure semantic and technical interoperability. Within the project GeoMol a web server for the dissemination of 3d geological models will be implemented including an administrative interface for the role-based access, real-time transformation of country-specific coordinate systems and a web visualisation features. The project GeoMol is co-funded by the Alpine Space Program as part of the European Territorial Cooperation 2007-2013. The project integrates partners from Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia and Switzerland and runs from September 2012 to June 2015. Further information on www.geomol.eu. The GeoMol 3D-modelling team: Roland Baumberger (swisstopo), Magdalena Bottig (GBA), Alessandro Cagnoni (RLB), Laure Capar (BRGM), Renaud Couëffé (BRGM), Chiara D'Ambrogi (ISPRA), Chrystel Dezayes (BRGM), Gerold Diepolder (LfU BY), Charlotte Fehn (LGRB), Sunseare Gabalda (BRGM), Gregor Götzl (GBA), Andrej Lapanje (GeoZS), Fabio Carlo Molinari (RER-SGSS), Edgar Nitsch (LGRB), Robert Pamer (LfU BY), Sebastian Pfleiderer (GBA), Marco Pantaloni (ISPRA), Uta Schulz (LfU BY), Günter Sokol (LGRB), Gunther Wirsing (LGRB), Heiko Zumsprekel (LGRB)

Epidémiologie et facteurs de risque des complications respiratoires majeures après chirurgie de l'aorte abdominale au CHU Ibn Sina, Maroc

PubMed Central

Awab, Almahdi; Elahmadi, Brahim; Lamkinsi, Tarik; El Moussaoui, Rachid; El Hijri, Ahmed; Azzouzi, Abderrahim; Alilou, Mustapha

2013-01-01

Introduction L'incidence des complications respiratoires postopératoires (CRPO) reste très diversement appréciées selon les critères diagnostiques retenues dans les différentes études, ce qui la fait varier de 5 à plus de 50%. Les CRPO majeurs après chirurgie de l'aorte abdominale sont responsables d'une grande morbi-mortalité pouvant aller jusqu’à 36%, d'une durée d'hospitalisation et d'un coût plus importants. Ainsi dans l'optique d'améliorer notre prise en charge périopératoire de la chirurgie de l'aorte, nous avons décidé de mener une étude pour dresser le profil épidémiologique et déterminer les facteurs de risque des complications respiratoires dans notre contexte Méthodes Il s'agit d'une étude de cohorte rétrospective du mois de Janvier 2007 au mois de décembre 2011 portant sur l'ensemble des patients opérés pour pathologie aortique au bloc opératoire central de l'hôpital Ibn Sina de Rabat, Maroc. Résultats Cent vingt cinq patients ont été inclus dans notre étude, 24 patients ont été opérés pour anévrysme de l'aorte abdominale et 101 patients pour lésion occlusive aortoiliaque. Dans notre série 22 malades soit 17,6% ont présenté une complication respiratoire majeure avec, une reventilation dans 4,8% des cas, une difficulté de sevrage de la ventilation artificielle dans 3,2% des cas, une pneumopathie dans 4% des cas, un syndrome de détresse respiratoire aigue (SDRA) dans 4% des cas et une nécessité de fibroaspiration bronchique dans 1,6% des cas. En analyse univariée: l’âge, la présence d'une BPCO avec dyspnée stade 3 ou 4, la présence d'une anomalie à l'EFR préopératoire, la présence d'un stade avancé (III ou IV) de LOAI et la reprise chirurgicale étaient statistiquement associés à la survenue d'une complication respiratoire postopératoire. En analyse multivariée, seule une anomalie à l'EFR en préopératoire constituait un facteur de risque indépendant de survenue d'une complication

L'effet Hall Quantique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Samson, Thomas

Nous proposons une methode permettant d'obtenir une expression pour la conductivite de Hall de structures electroniques bidimensionnelles et nous examinons celle -ci a la limite d'une temperature nulle dans le but de verifier l'effet Hall quantique. Nous allons nous interesser essentiellement a l'effet Hall quantique entier et aux effets fractionnaires inferieurs a un. Le systeme considere est forme d'un gaz d'electrons en interaction faible avec les impuretes de l'echantillon. Le modele du gaz d'electrons consiste en un gaz bidimensionnel d'electrons sans spin expose perpendiculairement a un champ magnetique uniforme. Ce dernier est decrit par le potentiel vecteur vec{rm A} defini dans la jauge de Dingle ou jauge symetrique. Conformement au formalisme de la seconde quantification, l'hamiltonien de ce gaz est represente dans la base des etats a un-corps de Dingle |n,m> et exprime ainsi en terme des operateurs de creation et d'annihilation correspondants a_sp{ rm n m}{dag} et a _{rm n m}. Nous supposons de plus que les electrons du niveau fondamental de Dingle interagissent entre eux via le potentiel coulombien. La methode utilisee fait appel a une equation mai tresse a N-corps, de nature quantique et statistique, et verifiant le second principe de la thermodynamique. A partir de celle-ci, nous obtenons un systeme d'equations differentielles appele hierarchie d'equations quantique dont la resolution nous permet de determiner une equation a un-corps, dite de Boltzmann quantique, et dictant l'evolution de la moyenne statistique de l'operateur non-diagonal a _sp{rm n m}{dag } a_{rm n}, _{rm m}, sous l'action du champ electrique applique vec{rm E}(t). C'est sa solution Tr(p(t) a _sp{rm n m}{dag} a_{rm n},_ {rm m}), qui definit la relation de convolution entre la densite courant de Hall vec{rm J}_{rm H }(t) et le champ electrique vec {rm E}(t) dont la transformee de Laplace-Fourier du noyau nous fournit l'expression de la conductivite de Hall desiree. Pour une valeur de

Rupture prématurée des membranes à terme: facteurs pronostiques et conséquences néonatales

PubMed Central

Yasmina, Asmama; Barakat, Amina

2017-01-01

La rupture prématurée des membranes (RPM) à terme survient dans 5 à 10% des grossesses. Elle rend compte d'une part importante de morbidité et de mortalité néonatales. Le but de cette étude est de déterminer les facteurs pronostiques maternels et obstétricaux ainsi que le devenir des nouveau-nés à terme issus d'une grossesse compliquée de rupture prématurée des membranes ayant été hospitalisés au service ou gérés à la consultation externe. Etude rétrospective, analysant toutes les observations de nouveau-nés à terme issus de grossesses compliquées de RPM, enregistrées au service de néonatologie de l'hôpital d'enfants de Rabat entre le 1er janvier et le 31 juillet 2014. Au cours de la période d'étude nous avons colligé 144 cas de RPM isolée sur un total de 2400 naissances vivantes (NV) soit une prévalence de 6% NV, répartis comme suit : 06 cas de RPM (4%) entre 6 et 12 heures, 14 cas (9,7%) entre 12 et 18 heures, 28 cas (19,4%) entre 18 et 24 heures et 96 cas (66,6%) supérieure à 24 heures. La majorité de nos parturientes étaient dans la tranche d'âge de 25 à 35ans avec un taux de 52%. Une chorioamniotite associée a été retenue dans 8,3% des cas. Les parturientes ont été mises sous antibiothérapie prophylactique par voie orale ou parentérale dans 28% des cas, avec un liquide amniotique clair dans 81% des cas. Le diagnostic d'IMF probable a été retenu dans 46 cas dont 65.2 % dans le sous groupesupérieur à 18 h versus respectivement 26% et 8,7% dans les sous groupe 12 à 18 h et inférieur à 12 h. A l'admission, on a noté une prédominance masculine avec 58,3%, les nouveau-nés étaient asymptomatiques dans 76% des cas et ils présentaient une détresse respiratoire dans 42,8% des cas, un ictère dans 31,45% des cas, une fièvre dans 14,2% des cas et des signes de souffrance neurologique dans 11,5% des cas. Tous les nouveau-nés hospitalisés, soit dans 72% des cas, ont été mis sous antibiothérapie pendant une

Depth averaged wave-current interaction in the multi bank morphology of the southern North Sea

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Komijani, Homayoon; Osuna, Pedro; Ocampo Torres, Francisco; Monbaliu, Jaak

2017-04-01

: Choice of theoretical framework, practical implementation and adiabatic tests". In: Ocean modelling 40.3-4, 260-272.issn: 1463-5003.doi:{10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.09.003}. Garrett, C. (1976). "Generation of Langmuir circulations by surface waves-a feedback mechanism". In: J. Mar. Res.34.117-130. Haas, K.A. and J.C. Warner (2009). "Comparing a quasi-3D to a full 3D nearshore circulation model: SHORECIRC and ROMS". In: Ocean modelling26.1-2, 91-103.issn: 1463-5003.doi:{10.1016/j.ocemod.2008.09.003}. Hasselmann, K. (1971). "On the mass and momentum transfer between short gravity waves and larger-scale motions". In: Journal of Fluid Mechanics50.1, 189205.doi:10.1017/S0022112071002520. Longuet-Higgins, M.S. and R.W. Stewart (1962). "Radiation stress and mass transport in gravity waves, with application to surf beats". In: Journal of fluid mechanics 13.4, 481-504.issn: 0022-1120.doi:{10.1017/S0022112062000877}. Longuet-Higgins, M.S. and R.W. Stewart (1964). "Radiation stresses in water waves - a physical discussion, with applications". In:Deep-sea research 11.4, 529-562.doi:{10.1016/0011-7471(64)90001-4}. Luyten P, Andreu-Burillo I, Norro A, Ponsar S, Proctor R (2005) A new version of the European public domain code COHERENS. In: Proceedings of the fourth international conference on EuroGOOS, pp 474-481. Monbaliu, J., R. Padilla-Hernandez, J.C. Hargreaves, J.C.C. Albiach, W.M. Luo, M. Sclavo, and H. Gunther (2000). "The spectral wave model, WAM, adapted for applications with high spatial resolution". In: Coastal engineering 41.1-3, 41-62.issn: 0378-3839.doi:{10.1016/S0378-3839(00)00026-0}.

EDITORIAL: Focus on Cloaking and Transformation Optics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leonhardt, Ulf; Smith, David R.

2008-11-01

multi-frequency cloaking Andrea Alù and Nader Engheta Electromagnetic cloaking devices for TE and TM polarizations Filiberto Bilotti, Simone Tricarico and Lucio Vegni An aberration-free lens with zero F-number D Schurig Transformational optics of plasmonic metamaterials I I Smolyaninov An acoustic metafluid: realizing a broadband acoustic cloak J B Pendry and Jensen Li On the possibility of metamaterial properties in spin plasmas G Brodin and M Marklund A homogenization route towards square cylindrical acoustic cloaks Mohamed Farhat, Sébastien Guenneau, Stefan Enoch, Alexander Movchan, Frédéric Zolla and André Nicolet Transformation optics: approaching broadband electromagnetic cloaking A V Kildishev, W Cai, U K Chettiar and V M Shalaev Generalized field-transforming metamaterials Sergei A Tretyakov, Igor S Nefedov and Pekka Alitalo Electromagnetic beam modulation through transformation optical structures Xiaofei Xu, Yijun Feng and Tian Jiang Superantenna made of transformation media Ulf Leonhardt and Tomáš Tyc Material parameters and vector scaling in transformation acoustics Steven A Cummer, Marco Rahm and David Schurig Isotropic transformation optics: approximate acoustic and quantum cloaking Allan Greenleaf, Yaroslav Kurylev, Matti Lassas and Gunther Uhlmann Transformation optical designs for wave collimators, flat lenses and right-angle bends Do-Hoon Kwon and Douglas H Werner Alternative derivation of electromagnetic cloaks and concentrators A D Yaghjian and S Maci Solutions in folded geometries, and associated cloaking due to anomalous resonance Graeme W Milton, Nicolae-Alexandru P Nicorovici, Ross C McPhedran, Kirill Cherednichenko and Zubin Jacob Finite wavelength cloaking by plasmonic resonance N-A P Nicorovici, R C McPhedran, S Enoch and G Tayeb

PREFACE: International Conference on Inverse Problems 2010

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hon, Yiu-Chung; Ling, Leevan

2011-03-01

�ttingen, GermanyTatsien (Daqian) Li, Fudan University, ChinaGunther Uhlmann, University of Washington, USA Organizing CommitteeJin Cheng, Fudan University, ChinaYiu-Chung Hon (Co-Chair), City University of Hong Kong, HKSARJune-Yub Lee, Ewha Womans University, South KoreaLeevan Ling (Co-Chair), Hong Kong Baptist University, HKSARGui-Rong Liu, University of Cincinnati, USAJenn-Nan Wang, National Taiwan University, TaiwanMasahiro Yamamoto, The University of Tokyo, Japan

Books Noted

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Walsh, Edward J.

1999-10-01

. xxxiii + 426 pp. ISBN 0-471-33135-x. 135.00.

Surfaces, Interfaces, and Colloids: Principles and Applications, 2nd edition

Drew Myers. Wiley-VCH: New York, 1999. xx + 501 pp. ISBN 0-471-33060-4. 94.95.

Onium Ions

George A. Olah, Kenneth K. Laali, Qi Wang, and G. K. Surya Prakash. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1998. xv + 509 pp. ISBN 0-471-14877-6. 110.00.

Environmental Soil and Water Chemistry: Principles and Applications V. P. Evangelou. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1998. xix + 564 pp. ISBN 0-471-16515-8. 79.95.

1001 Chemicals in Everyday Products, 2nd edition

Grace Ross Lewis. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. x + 388 pp. ISBN 0-471-29212-5. 39.95.

Organic Coatings: Science and Technology, 2nd edition

Zeno W. Wicks Jr., Frank N. Jones, and S. Peter Pappas. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. xxi + 630 pp. ISBN 0-471-24507-0. 125.00.

Progress in Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 48

Kenneth D. Karlin, Ed. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. vi + 603 pp. ISBN 0-471-32623-2. 145.00.

Occupational Biomechanics, 3rd edition

Don B. Chaffin, Gunnar B. Andersson, and Bernard J. Martin. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. xvii + 579 pp. ISBN 0-471-24697-2. 69.95.

Advances in Photochemistry, Vol. 25

Douglas C. Neckers, David H. Volman, and Gunther Von Bünau. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. xi + 238 pp. ISBN 0-471-32708-5. 110.00.

Distillation

Johann G. Stichlmair and James R. Fair. Wiley-VCH: New York, 1998. xiii + 524 pp. ISBN 0-471-25241-7. 94.95.

Ammonia - Principles and Industrial Practice

Maz Appl. Wiley-VCH: New York, 1999. ix + 301 pp. ISBN 3-527-29593-3. 160.00.

Precursor-Derived Ceramics: Synthesis