Sample records for century international relations

  1. American Internal Medicine in the 21st Century

    PubMed Central

    Huddle, Thomas S; Centor, Robert; Heudebert, Gustavo R

    2003-01-01

    American internal medicine suffers a confusion of identity as we enter the 21st century. The subspecialties prosper, although unevenly, and retain varying degrees of connection to their internal medicine roots. General internal medicine, identified with primary care since the 1970s, retains an affinity for its traditional consultant-generalist ideal even as primary care further displaces that ideal. We discuss the origins and importance of the consultant-generalist ideal of internal medicine as exemplified by Osler, and its continued appeal in spite of the predominant role played by clinical science and accompanying subspecialism in determining the academic leadership of American internal medicine since the 1920s. Organizing departmental clinical work along subspecialty lines diminished the importance of the consultant-generalist ideal in academic departments of medicine after 1950. General internists, when they joined the divisions of general internal medicine that appeared in departments of medicine in the 1970s, could sometimes emulate Osler in practicing a general medicine of complexity, but often found themselves in a more limited role doing primary care. As we enter the 21st century, managed care threatens what remains of the Oslerian ideal, both in departments of medicine and in clinical practice. Twenty-first century American internists will have to adjust their conditions of work should they continue to aspire to practice Oslerian internal medicine. PMID:12950486

  2. International Curriculum of White Education through Teacher's Education for the 21st Century

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Moradi Sheykhjan, Tohid; Rajeswari, K.

    2014-01-01

    This article explores theoretical and practical issues related to white education for international curriculum through teacher's education for 21st century. The theory of "White Education" will be a message for development of globalization, information technology, based on knowledge, human rights education, environmental education,…

  3. Constraints, Dangers, and Challenges of the Twenty-First Century. International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Blondel, Daniele

    This document groups together the ideas about the difficulties, dangers, and challenges of the 21st century expressed by the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century. In discussing constraints created by contemporary world history, the paper suggests that the development of the world economy and society is at present…

  4. Educational Sciences, Morality and Politics: International Educational Congresses in the Early Twentieth Century

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fuchs, Eckhardt

    2004-01-01

    Internationalism became one of the keywords in the international intellectual and political debates at the end of the nineteenth century. As a political, cultural and social movement it also included science and education. The desire for international cooperation and global understanding was caused by the growing economic interdependence in the…

  5. Problems in Defining the Direction and Content of International Education for the 21st Century.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Beltsos, Nicholas J.

    A discussion of international education in the 21st century begins with the premise that international education is an extension of domestic education adapted to emerging global interdependence. Prevailing public and academic debates on the issue are reviewed, focusing on the relationship between education and training. A broad picture of the…

  6. The position of nervous diseases between internal medicine and psychiatry in the XIXth century.

    PubMed

    Shterenshis, M V

    1999-12-01

    It is frequently said and believed that the history of clinical neurology of the 19th century has much in common with the history of psychiatry. Though neurology and psychiatry are neighboring clinical disciplines, the development of clinical neurology differs from that of psychiatry in 19th century Europe. The history of bedside neurology is that of gradual separation of nervous diseases from other internal diseases. Despite the efforts of the German psychiatrists, any influence of psychiatry on that process was very limited.

  7. The International "Trial of the 20th Century": Nuremberg.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Chemerinsky, Erwin

    1999-01-01

    Considers the Nuremberg trials to be the "Trial of the Century." Highlights the series of 13 trials in which Nazi leaders, officials, judges, and others were tried, and most convicted, for war crimes. Relates that these trials had far-reaching effects in that they showed that moral obligations transcend national boundaries. (CMK)

  8. Defining a Communications Satellite Policy System for the 21st Century: A Model for a International Legal Framework and A New _Code of Conduct_

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pelton, Joseph N.

    1996-02-01

    This paper addresses the changing international communications environment and explores the key elements of a new policy framework for the 21st Century. It addresses the issues related to changing markets, trade considerations, standards, regulatory changes and international institutions and law. The most important aspects will related to new international policy and regulatory frameworks and in particular to a new international code of ethics and behavior in the field of satellite communications. A new communications satellite policy framework requires systematically addressing the following points: • Multi-lateral agreements at the nation state and the operating entity level • Systematic means to access both private and public capital • Meshing ITU regulations with regional and national policy guidelines including • landing rights" and national allocation procedures. • Systematic approach to local partnerships • Resolving the issue of the relative standing of various satellite systems (i.e. GEO, MEO, and LEO systems) • Resolving the rights, duties, and priorities of satellite facility providers versus types of service prviders. Beyond this policy framework and generalized legal infrastructure there is also another need. This is a need that arises from both increased globalism and competitive international markets. This is what might quite simply be called a "code of reasonable conduct:" To provide global and international communications services effectively and well in the 21st Century will require more than meeting minimum international legal requirements. A new "code of conduct" for global satellite communications will thus likely need to address: • Privacy and surveillance • Ethics of transborder data flow • Censorship and moral values • Cultural and linguistic sensitivity • Freedom of the press and respect for journalistic standards As expanding global information and telecommunications systems grow and impact every aspect of modern

  9. Globalization and international trade in the twenty-first century: opportunities for and threats to the health sector in the south.

    PubMed

    Baris, E; McLeod, K

    2000-01-01

    Globalization and international trade are important forces at the turn of the century. This article explores how freer international trade will affect developing countries that are net importers of health care goods and services. Four commodities are used as special cases for discussion: pharmaceuticals, health care technologies, pesticides, and tobacco and its related products. The authors discuss the role of international specialized agencies, such as the World Trade Organization, World Health Organization, and World Bank, that are concerned with international trade and its health and health care consequences, and argue that closer collaboration is required among these agencies if the negative effects of trade liberalization on developing countries are to be mitigated. The authors pose a number of research questions that could help in developing proactive policies for the South on the trade of goods and services with harmful effects on health as well as those with potential health and economic benefits.

  10. Evaluating visual system toxicity in relation to human risk assessments in the 21st century

    EPA Science Inventory

    Abstract for an invited presentation to a symposium entitled "Physiological assessment of sensory toxicity and the role in human risk assessment in the 21st century", for the Joint Meeting of the Neurotoxicity Society and International Neurotoxicology Association, May 2...

  11. [More than a century of international immigration into Argentina].

    PubMed

    Celton, D E

    1995-01-01

    "From the second half of the 19th century, Argentina was, along with the United States and Brazil, one of the main destinations that attracted European emigration to America.... The arrival of more that six million people between 1869 and 1930 resulted in radical changes in the socioeconomic structure of the country. After the crisis of the 1930s the impact of a development plan based on the export of agricultural products waned and the economic growth accompanied with political instability generated a slowing decline of migratory flows, despite a new wave between 1945 and 1952. The decrease of international migration comes along with an important change in the composition by places of origin.... The article analyses the successive migratory policies of Argentina's government as well as the migrants' spatial distribution and their incorporation in the labor market." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA) excerpt

  12. Developing skills for youth in the 21st century: The role of elite International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme schools in China

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wright, Ewan; Lee, Moosung

    2014-04-01

    There is a growing body of research suggesting that schools need to respond to changing social and economic dynamics by prioritising "21st-century skills". Proponents of this view, who have been termed "the 21st century skills movement", have called for greater emphasis on cognitive and non-cognitive skills development, alongside the learning of subject content and technical skills. This paper explores the potential of International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IBDP) schools to respond to this mandate in China, one of the fastest-growing markets for International Baccalaureate® (IB) schools globally. The authors' research team undertook a multi-site case study of five elite IBDP schools in China. Their findings revealed confidence among interviewees that the IB educational philosophy was conducive to 21st-century skills development, especially through the provision of the three IBDP "Core Requirements", which are Creativity, Action, Service (CAS), Extended Essay (EE) and Theory of Knowledge (TOK). Despite this confidence, concerns remain about the implementation of the IB educational philosophy in the context of IBDP schools in China.

  13. Simulation in International Relations Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Starkey, Brigid A.; Blake, Elizabeth L.

    2001-01-01

    Discusses the educational implications of simulations in international relations. Highlights include the development of international relations simulations; the role of technology; the International Communication and Negotiation Simulations (ICONS) project at the University of Maryland; evolving information technology; and simulating real-world…

  14. A century of general relativity: Astrophysics and cosmology

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Blandford, R. D.

    2015-03-01

    One hundred years after its birth, general relativity has become a highly successful physical theory in the sense that it has passed a large number of experimental and observational tests and finds extensive application to a wide variety of cosmic phenomena. It remains an active area of research as new tests are on the way, epitomized by the exciting prospect of detecting gravitational waves from merging black holes. General relativity is the essential foundation of the standard model of cosmology and underlies our description of the black holes and neutron stars that are ultimately responsible for the most powerful and dramatic cosmic sources. Its interface with physics on the smallest and largest scales will continue to provide fertile areas of investigation in its next century.

  15. Report by Jacques Delors, Chairman of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century, First Session (Paris, France, March 2-4, 1993).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Delors, Jacques

    In this paper the chairman of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century reviewed commission discussions on education in the 21st century. The growing interdependence of the modern world is discussed including the results of the U.S. economic ideology of the Ronald Reagan era on the world economy, and the collapse of…

  16. Results from the 2010 INMM International Containment and Surveillance Workshop focused on Concepts for the 21st Century

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Pickett, Chris A; Tolk, Keith M; Keel, Frances M

    2010-01-01

    The Institute of Nuclear Materials Management (INMM) held an International Workshop, 'Containment & Surveillance (C/S): Concepts for the 21st Century,' June 6-11, 2010, at the Oak National Laboratory, in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development and Office of Nonproliferation and International Security sponsored the event. The workshop focused on determining concepts and needs for 21st century containment and surveillance (C/S) systems that support International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguards and future arms control agreements. Panel discussions by subject matter experts and international practitioners addressed daily topical themes encompassing the following areasmore » of C/S: authentication; tagging, sealing, and containment verification; and surveillance systems. Each panel discussion was followed by a question-and-answer session with the audience and an afternoon breakout session. The facilitated breakout sessions were used to compile information and determine future needs. Individuals attending the workshop included C/S experts and practitioners; IAEA and arms control inspectors; technology providers; vendors; students; and individuals with an interest in, or desire to learn about, future C/S system needs. The primary goal of the workshop was to produce a document that details the future research and development needs for C/S systems that support nuclear safeguards and arms control missions. This talk will present a compilation of the information obtained from breakout sessions at the workshop.« less

  17. A century of general relativity: astrophysics and cosmology.

    PubMed

    Blandford, R D

    2015-03-06

    One hundred years after its birth, general relativity has become a highly successful physical theory in the sense that it has passed a large number of experimental and observational tests and finds extensive application to a wide variety of cosmic phenomena. It remains an active area of research as new tests are on the way, epitomized by the exciting prospect of detecting gravitational waves from merging black holes. General relativity is the essential foundation of the standard model of cosmology and underlies our description of the black holes and neutron stars that are ultimately responsible for the most powerful and dramatic cosmic sources. Its interface with physics on the smallest and largest scales will continue to provide fertile areas of investigation in its next century. Copyright © 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science.

  18. Motivation related to work: A century of progress.

    PubMed

    Kanfer, Ruth; Frese, Michael; Johnson, Russell E

    2017-03-01

    Work motivation is a topic of crucial importance to the success of organizations and societies and the well-being of individuals. We organize the work motivation literature over the last century using a meta-framework that clusters theories, findings, and advances in the field according to their primary focus on (a) motives, traits, and motivation orientations (content); (b) features of the job, work role, and broader environment (context); or (c) the mechanisms and processes involved in choice and striving (process). Our integrative review reveals major achievements in the field, including more precise mapping of the psychological inputs and operations involved in motivation and broadened conceptions of the work environment. Cross-cutting trends over the last century include the primacy of goals, the importance of goal striving processes, and a more nuanced conceptualization of work motivation as a dynamic, goal-directed, resource allocation process that unfolds over the related variables of time, experience, and place. Across the field, advances in methodology and measurement have improved the match between theory and research. Ten promising directions for future research are described and field experiments are suggested as a useful means of bridging the research-practice gap. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

  19. [Interface between bioethics and international relations].

    PubMed

    Manchola-Castillo, Camilo; Garrafa, Volnei

    2016-08-01

    Recently, bioethics and international relations have gotten closer to one an other, probably as a result of the motivation of bioethics to intervene in global affairs. However, this relationship has only been on the practical level.This study's objective, through a literature review, is to highlight the huge potential that the epistemologies of both areas have to build a more fruitful dialogue. 18 articles relating both areas were retrieved from databases Scopus, Web of Science, Bireme and PubMed. The articles were then grouped in three categories of analysis: bioethics and global health; international organizations and bioethics; and international relations and bioethics. This study concludes that an epistemological approaching between these areas is desirable and proposes the establishment of two new areas of study: international relations in health and international relations from the South, drawing upon the conceptual basis developed by Latin-American bioethics.

  20. Address Given by Jacques Delors, Chairman of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century, to the 140th Session of the Executive Board.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Delors, Jacques

    In this speech, the chairman of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century describes education as a pathway into the 21st Century. He suggests that if education is to become central in contributing to human progress, policymakers must learn from the experiences of the past 20 years, take the variety of situations into…

  1. Workforce 2000: Work and Workers for the 21st Century.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Johnston, William B.; And Others

    Four key trends will shape the American labor force in the final years of the 20th century. The American economy should grow at a relatively healthy pace. Despite its international comeback, however, U.S. manufacturing constitutes a much smaller share of the economy in the year 2000 than it does today. The work force will grow slowly, becoming…

  2. Proceedings of the International Conference on Counseling in the 21st Century (4th, Vancouver, Canada, July 21-23, 1994).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Evraiff, Bill, Comp.; Evraiff, Lois, Comp.

    The fourth international conference focused on two issues for counseling in the 21st century. The first issue concerned physical and mental health. Presentations covered such topics as: counseling college students concerning their attitudes and beliefs about HIV/AIDS; United States health care reform and how it affects people with disabilities;…

  3. Address by Jacques Delors, Chairman of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century, General Conference of UNESCO (27th, Paris, France, November 2, 1993).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Delors, Jacques

    In this speech to the members of the general conference of UNESCO, the chairman of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century describes the progress of the Commission's work. The chairman discusses education and the challenges of the world as it enters the 21st century. Changes mentioned include the rapid pace of…

  4. High School Students' Perceptions of the Effects of International Science Olympiad on Their STEM Career Aspirations and Twenty-First Century Skill Development

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sahin, Alpaslan; Gulacar, Ozcan; Stuessy, Carol

    2015-01-01

    Social cognitive theory guided the design of a survey to investigate high school students' perceptions of factors affecting their career contemplations and beliefs regarding the influence of their participation in the international Science Olympiad on their subject interests and twenty-first century skills. In addition, gender differences in…

  5. Understanding the Current International Order

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-01-01

    the U.S.-led order. In particular, they see democracy promotion as an attempt to weaken them by destabilizing them internally (see Stent , 2015; Hill...2013, pp. 209–231. Stent , Angela E., The Limits of Partnership: U.S.-Russian Relations in the Twenty- First Century, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton

  6. International Lunar Observatory Association Advancing 21st Century Astronomy from the Moon

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Durst, Steve

    2015-08-01

    Long considered a prime location to conduct astronomical observations, the Moon is beginning to prove its value in 21st Century astronomy through the Lunar Ultraviolet Telescope aboard China’s Chang’e-3 Moon lander and through the developing missions of the International Lunar Observatory Association (ILOA). With 24 hours / Earth day of potential operability facilitating long-duration observations, the stable platform of the lunar surface and extremely thin exosphere guaranteeing superior observation conditions, zones of radio-quiet for radio astronomy, and the resources and thermal stability at the lunar South Pole, the Moon provides several pioneering advantages for astronomy. ILOA, through MOUs with NAOC and CNSA, has been collaborating with China to make historic Galaxy observations with the Chang’e-3 LUT, including imaging Galaxy M101 in December 2014. LUT has an aperture of 150mm, covers a wavelength range of 245 to 340 nanometers and is capable of detecting objects at a brightness down to 14 mag. The success of China’s mission has provided support and momentum for ILOA’s mission to place a 2-meter dish, multifunctional observatory at the South Pole of the Moon NET 2017. ILOA also has plans to send a precursor observatory instrument (ILO-X) on the inaugural mission of GLXP contestant Moon Express. Advancing astronomy and astrophysics from the Moon through public-private and International partnerships will provide many valuable research opportunities while also helping to secure humanity’s position as multi world species.

  7. USSR Report, World Economy and International Relations, No. 10, October 1986

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-01-15

    for international comparative studies, for prognosis of exchange rates dynamics. The exchange rates formation gains special attention in the article...traditional bourgeois " models " like the classical 19th century "balance of power". We would recall merely H. Kissinger’s book "A World Restored," which...1980’s the average per capita income level here was 11 times lower than in the developed capitalist countries. And thoughout the past three decades

  8. Report of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century, Fourth Session (Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, April 13-15, 1994).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century (UNESCO), Paris (France).

    This session of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century was preceded by a 2-day working group on the processes of education. The Commission also held an afternoon of hearings that included an in-depth exchange between Canadian educational leaders and the Commission members on a wide range of topics that included…

  9. Astronomy from the Moon and International Lunar Observatory Missions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Durst, S.; Takahashi, Y. D.

    2018-04-01

    Astronomy from the Moon provides a promising new frontier for 21st century astrophysics and related science activity. International Lunar Observatory Association is an enterprise advancing missions to the Moon for observation and communication.

  10. International Relations. International Perspectives on Higher Education Research. Volume 3

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tight, Malcolm, Ed.

    2005-01-01

    This is the third volume of International Perspectives on Higher Education Research, a series which aims to feature something of the variety of research being undertaken into higher education systems and issues outside of North America. The theme of this volume is International Relations, or how students, academics, universities and higher…

  11. International Relations: A Student's Guide to Reference Resources.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Silvester, Elizabeth

    Intended for students, this annotated bibliography describes reference materials in International Relations that may be found in either the McLennan or Law Library of McGill University. Scope includes political science, international law, and related areas in the social and behavioral sciences, but titles which relate to the foreign relations of a…

  12. Centuries of Economic Growth--From Feathers to Robotics. Active Learning Lessons. Economics International.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bullock, Angela; Paul, Sara; Yevgushchenko, Anzhela; Yotkova, Vesselka

    This lesson plan was developed through "Economics International," an international program to help build economic education infrastructures in the emerging market economies. It provides a lesson description; appropriate age level; economic concepts; content standards and benchmarks; related subject areas; instruction objectives; time…

  13. Advanced Propulsion for the XXIst Century

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Frisbee, Robert H.

    2003-01-01

    This document represents a poster presentation offered at the AIAA/CAS International Air & Space Symposium and Exposition from July 14-17, 2003 in Dayton Ohio. This presentation outlines advanced space propulsion concepts as well as associated research and industry activities during the 21st century.

  14. The Environmental Factor in International Relations.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Nicholson, Joan Martin

    1985-01-01

    U.S.-Canadian and Mexican water-related issues testify to the role that natural resources/ environmental issues play in foreign policy and demonstrate how environmental problems can affect the public and private sectors of a nation internally. How people affect the environment is an irreducible bottom line for stable international trade and market…

  15. Australia's international health relations in 2003.

    PubMed

    Barraclough, Simon

    2005-02-21

    A survey for the year 2003 of significant developments in Australia's official international health relations, and their domestic ramifications, is presented. The discussion is set within the broader context of Australian foreign policy. Sources include official documents, media reports and consultations with officers of the Department of Health and Ageing responsible for international linkages.

  16. The 21st Century: The Century of Biology on Earth and Beyond

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tarter, Jill C.; SETI Team

    2017-01-01

    In a bold 2004 paper, Craig Venter and Daniel Cohen* claimed that whereas the 20th century had been the Century of Physics (Special and General Relativity, Quantum Mechanics, Big Bang Cosmology, Dark Matter and Dark Energy, the Standard Model of Particle Physics…) the 21st century would be the century of biology. They outlined the fantastic potential of genomic research to define the current century. Wondrous as these predictions were, and as rapidly as they have played out and over-delivered during this past decade, these predictions were too parochial. This century will permit us the first opportunities to study biology beyond Earth; biology as we don’t yet know it, and biology that we have exported off the surface of our planet.The technologies needed for discovering biology beyond Earth are different depending on whether you are searching for microbes or mathematicians, and depending on whether you are searching in-situ or remotely. In many cases the necessary technologies do not yet exist, but like genomics, they will probably develop more rapidly, and in more ways, than anyone of us can now imagine. The developing toolkit of the astronomers (stellar, planetary, and exoplanetary) will be shaped and improved as a result of this focus for at least the rest of this century.* New Perspectives Quarterly, Vol 21, pp. 73-77, 2004

  17. Endoscopic investigation of the internal organs of a 15th-century child mummy from Yangju, Korea

    PubMed Central

    Kim, Seok Bae; Shin, Jeong Eun; Park, Sung Sil; Bok, Gi Dae; Chang, Young Pyo; Kim, Jaehyup; Chung, Yoon Hee; Yi, Yang Su; Shin, Myung Ho; Chang, Byung Soo; Shin, Dong Hoon; Kim, Myeung Ju

    2006-01-01

    Our previous reports on medieval mummies in Korea have provided information on their preservation status. Because invasive techniques cannot easily be applied when investigating such mummies, the need for non-invasive techniques incurring minimal damage has increased among researchers. Therefore, we wished to confirm whether endoscopy, which has been used in non-invasive and minimally invasive studies of mummies around the world, is an effective tool for study of Korean mummies as well. In conducting an endoscopic investigation on a 15th-century child mummy, we found that well-preserved internal organs remained within the thoracic, abdominal and cranial cavities. The internal organs – including the brain, spinal cord, lung, muscles, liver, heart, intestine, diaphragm and mesentery – were easily investigated by endoscopy. Even the stool of the mummy, which accidentally leaked into the abdominal cavity during an endoscopic biopsy, was clearly observed. In addition, unusual nodules were found on the surface of the intestines and liver. Our current study therefore showed that endoscopic observation could provide an invaluable tool for the palaeo-pathological study of Korean mummies. This technique will continue to be used in the study of medieval mummy cases in the future. PMID:17062024

  18. The return of the phoenix: the 1963 International Congress of Zoology and American zoologists in the twentieth century.

    PubMed

    Johnson, Kristin

    2009-01-01

    This paper examines the International Congress of Zoology held in Washington D.C. in 1963 as a portrait of American zoologists' search for effective and rewarding relationships with both each other and the public. Organizers of the congress envisioned the congress as a last ditch effort to unify the disparate subdisciplines of zoology, overcome the barriers of specialization, and ward off the heady claims of more reductionist biologists. The problems zoologists faced as they worked to fulfill these ambitious goals illuminate some of the challenges faced by members of the naturalist tradition as they worked to establish disciplinary unity while seeking public support in the competitive world of twentieth century science.

  19. Specificity of relations between children's control-related beliefs and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology.

    PubMed

    Han, S S; Weisz, J R; Weiss, B

    2001-04-01

    The authors examined the specificity of the relation between 3 types of control-related beliefs and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in a sample of 290 clinic-referred children aged 7 to 17 years. Self-reported beliefs about control (the capacity to cause an intended outcome), contingency (the degree to which a desired outcome can be controlled by a relevant behavior), and competence (an individual's ability to produce the relevant behavior) across 3 domains (academic, behavioral, and social) showed more specific relations with psychopathology than have been previously reported. Among children with externalizing psychopathology, internalizing psychopathology may be specifically associated with increased self-critical awareness about their conduct; externalizing psychopathology may attenuate the specific negative relation between internalizing psychopathology and control-related beliefs in the social domain.

  20. A probe into reasons for international migration in Fujian Province.

    PubMed

    Zhu, G

    1990-01-01

    In this paper, the author discusses the extent of international migration from China's Fujian Province and considers the reasons behind the migration. The most recent estimates place China's overseas population at 22.1 million, 19 million (88%) of which are concentrated in Southeast Asia. According to the author's calculations, at least 7 million of the Chinese overseas population are of Fujian descent. Indonesia alone holds some 3.3 million Fujianese. Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines account for most of the remaining Fujianese overseas population. Having established the extent of international migration from the Fujian Province, the author attempts to establish the reasons behind it. The author first considers the historical origins of Fujianese international migration, from its early states (end century B.C.-17th century) to modern times *18-early 20th century) to the current period (1949-present). The author then examines the reasons behind the migration, primarily the social environment and individual behavior. Finally, the author provides categories of international migration, stressing that these categories often overlap or coincide. Most of the early migration was "spontaneous" -- essentially, an unplanned occurrence. During the modern period, most migration was "forced" by the contract labor system instituted by colonialists. Political and social upheaval also prompted "provoked" international migration. And following the Chinese Revolution, "free" migration allowed many to return home or to join relative abroad.

  1. A Comparative Analysis of International Frameworks for 21st Century Competences: Implications for National Curriculum Policies

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Voogt, Joke; Roblin, Natalie Pareja

    2012-01-01

    National curricula need to change drastically to comply with the competences needed for the 21st century. In this paper eight frameworks describing 21st century competences were analysed. A comprehensive search for information about 21st century competences was conducted across the official websites of the selected frameworks, resulting in 32…

  2. Teaching International Public Relations: An Update Report among Educators

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mak, Angela Ka Ying

    2017-01-01

    Involvement in international and multicultural career-related practices is ever on the rise in a global economic and political society, especially in public relations. This article reported an update of examining the attributes of public relations educators and their institutions in teaching of international public relations (IPR) through an…

  3. ASBO at 100: A Century of School Business Management

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    School Business Affairs, 2010

    2010-01-01

    This article talks about Association of School Business Officials International (ASBO) at a century of school business management. As ASBO International celebrates its centennial, one should reflect on the truth of this often-heard quote and how it applies to the field of school business management in general and the association in particular.…

  4. Century/millennium internal climate oscillations in an ocean-atmosphere-continental ice sheet model

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Birchfield, Edward G.; Wang, Huaxiao; Rich, Jonathan J.

    1994-01-01

    We demonstrate in a simple climate model that there exist nonlinear feedbacks between the atmosphere, ocean, and ice sheets capable of producing century/millennium timescale internal oscillations resembling those seen in the paleoclimate record. Feedbacks involve meridional heat and salt transports in the North Atlantic, surface ocean freshwater fluxes associated with melting and growing continental ice sheets in the northen hemisphere and with Atlantic to Pacific water vapor transport. The positive feedback between the production of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and the meridional salt transport by the Atlantic thermohaline circulation tends to destabilize the climate system, while the negative feedback between the freshwater flux, either to or from the continental ice sheets, and meridional heat flux to the high-latitude North Atlantic, accomplished by the thermohaline circulation, stabilizes the system. The thermohaline circulation plays a central role in both positive and negative feedbacks because of its transport of both heat and salt. Because of asymmetries between the growth and melt phases the oscillations are, in general, accompanied by a growing or decreasing ice volume over each cycle, which in the model is reflected by increasing or decreasing mean salinity.

  5. The Essence of Language Is History: A Theoretical Introduction to the Connection between Social Relations and Language Relations in 19th Century Brussels.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    de Metsenaere, Machteld

    An examination of language use in 19th century Brussels seeks to explain how and why a link between language and social class came into operation. Hypotheses relating the social characteristics (material circumstances and consciousness) of social classes and segments of social classes to various resulting language patterns are proposed. This…

  6. International Relations: Library Instruction Unit.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hall, Cathie

    In support of the United States Naval Academy's program in international relations, library reference staff developed an instruction unit featuring appropriate research guides and a videotape produced at the Naval Academy Educational Resource Center. The videotape illustrates a sample search strategy and then highlights the use of four basic…

  7. Reversible and irreversible impacts of greenhouse gas emissions in multi-century projections with the NCAR global coupled carbon cycle-climate model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Froelicher, T. L.; Joos, F.

    2010-12-01

    The legacy of historical and the long-term impacts of 21st century greenhouse gas emissions on climate, ocean acidification, and carbon-climate feedbacks are investigated with a coupled carbon cycle-climate model. Emission commitment scenarios with zero emissions after year 2100 and 21st century emissions of 1,800, 900, and 0 gigatons of carbon are run up to year 2500. The reversibility and irreversibility of impacts is quantified by comparing anthropogenically-forced regional changes with internal, unforced climate variability. We show that the influence of historical emissions and of non-CO2 agents is largely reversible on the regional scale. Forced changes in surface temperature and precipitation become smaller than internal variability for most land and ocean grid cells in the absence of future carbon emissions. In contrast, continued carbon emissions over the 21st century cause irreversible climate change on centennial to millennial timescales in most regions and impacts related to ocean acidification and sea level rise continue to aggravate for centuries even if emissions are stopped in year 2100. Undersaturation of the Arctic surface ocean with respect to aragonite, a mineral form of calcium carbonate secreted by marine organisms, is imminent and remains widespread. The volume of supersaturated water providing habitat to calcifying organisms is reduced from preindustrial 40 to 25% in 2100 and to 10% in 2300 for the high emission case. We conclude that emission trading schemes, related to the Kyoto Process,should not permit trading between emissions of relatively short-lived agents and CO2 given the irreversible impacts of anthropogenic carbon emissions.

  8. Reversible and irreversible impacts of greenhouse gas emissions in multi-century projections with the NCAR global coupled carbon cycle-climate model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Frölicher, Thomas L.; Joos, Fortunat

    2010-12-01

    The legacy of historical and the long-term impacts of 21st century greenhouse gas emissions on climate, ocean acidification, and carbon-climate feedbacks are investigated with a coupled carbon cycle-climate model. Emission commitment scenarios with zero emissions after year 2100 and 21st century emissions of 1,800, 900, and 0 gigatons of carbon are run up to year 2500. The reversibility and irreversibility of impacts is quantified by comparing anthropogenically-forced regional changes with internal, unforced climate variability. We show that the influence of historical emissions and of non-CO2 agents is largely reversible on the regional scale. Forced changes in surface temperature and precipitation become smaller than internal variability for most land and ocean grid cells in the absence of future carbon emissions. In contrast, continued carbon emissions over the 21st century cause irreversible climate change on centennial to millennial timescales in most regions and impacts related to ocean acidification and sea level rise continue to aggravate for centuries even if emissions are stopped in year 2100. Undersaturation of the Arctic surface ocean with respect to aragonite, a mineral form of calcium carbonate secreted by marine organisms, is imminent and remains widespread. The volume of supersaturated water providing habitat to calcifying organisms is reduced from preindustrial 40 to 25% in 2100 and to 10% in 2300 for the high emission case. We conclude that emission trading schemes, related to the Kyoto Process, should not permit trading between emissions of relatively short-lived agents and CO2 given the irreversible impacts of anthropogenic carbon emissions.

  9. On the unstable ENSO-Western North Pacific Monsoon relation during the 20th Century

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Vega Martín, Inmaculada; Gallego Puyol, David; Ribera Rodriguez, Pedro; Gómez Delgado, Francisco de Paula; Peña-Ortiz, Cristina

    2017-04-01

    The concept of the Western North Pacific Summer Monsoon (WNPSM) appeared for the first time in 1987. Unlike the Indian Summer Monsoon and the East Asian summer monsoon, the WNPSM is an oceanic monsoon driven essentially by the meridional gradient of sea surface temperature. Its circulation is characterized by a northwest-southeast oriented monsoon trough with intense precipitation and low-level southwesterlies and upper-tropospheric easterlies in the region [100°-130° E, 5°-15°N]. Although this monsoon is mainly oceanic, it modulates the precipitation of densely populated areas such as the Philippines. To date, the WNPSM has been quantified by the so-called Western North Pacific Monsoon Index (WNPMI), an index based on wind anomalies over large domains of the Western Pacific. The requirement of continuous observed wind over remote oceanic areas to compute the WNPMI has limited its availability to the 1949-2014 period. In this work we have extended the index by almost 100 years by using historical observations of wind direction taken aboard ships. Our Western North Pacific Directional Index (WNPDI), is defined as the sum of the persistence of the low-level westerly winds in [5°-15°N, 100°-130°E] and easterly winds in [20°-30°N, 110°-140°E]. The new WNPDI index is highly correlated to the existent WNPMI for the concurrent period (1948-2014). (r=+0.88, p<0.01), indicating that the new approach based in the use of wind direction alone (a variable that can be considered instrumental even before the 20th Century), captures most of the monsoonal signal. Previous studies found that, during the second part of the 20th Century the WNPSM exhibited two basic characteristics: first a large interannual variability and second, a significant relation between the WNPSM and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in a way in which a strong (weak) WNPSM tends to occur during the El Niño (La Niña) developing year or/and La Niña (El Niño) decaying year. The analysis of

  10. Women, work and health between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries from a national and international perspective.

    PubMed

    Salerno, Silvana

    2014-11-16

    A few years after a series of meetings of Italian scientists were convened prior to the unification of Italy, the first women qualified in medicine and other dedicated women participated in founding a movement for the improvement of living and working conditions of women and children in Italy. analysis of Italian women's contributions in the proceedings of the International Council of Women Congresses and their impact on increasing the number of women's occupational health studies presented at the fourth National Congress on Occupational Diseases held in Rome in 1914. Analysis of the proceedings of the International Council of Women Congresses (Washington, Chicago, London), and of the Women's National Council and other documents so as to obtain a picture of Italian women's working conditions at that time. Women and children worked an excessive number of hours per day, were underpaid, and had a legal status of inferiority. The main work sectors were sewing, embroidery, lace making, ironing, cooking, washing, dressmaking, millinery, fashion design, typing, weaving, artificial flowers, etc. The same sort of work was available to Italian women who emigrated to the United States of America. The success achieved by the women's movement is shown in the paper presented by Irene de Bonis "Occupational diseases among women" and published in the proceedings of the fourth National Congress on Occupational Diseases held in Rome, 9-14 June 1914. The article outlines the main features of the women's movement at the turn of the twentieth century, focussing on their publications describing Italian women's working conditions, considered in an international context. The movement's engagement in the promotion of women's occupational health at international and national level was successful but the First World War was to transform this achievement into the women's peace movement.

  11. Teaching International Law: Concepts in International Relations

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Starbird, Caroline; Pettit, Jenny; Singleton, Laurel

    2004-01-01

    This book is designed to introduce students to public international law. Topics covered include international public organizations, such as the United Nations and World Trade Organization, international courts, international human rights law, international trade law, and international environmental law. The goal of each study is to examine how…

  12. Blog Consumption and International Relations

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Allen, Michael A.

    2016-01-01

    International relations professors have sought to incorporate current events into their curriculum through various mechanisms. A traditional way to incorporate the news into the classroom is to have students either subscribe and read a particular newspaper or watch the nightly news and hold them responsible for that information. However, with the…

  13. Teaching the Scientific Study of International Relations to Undergraduates.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bennett, D. Scott

    2002-01-01

    Discusses how theory and science are integrated into "Introduction to International Relations" and "International Relations Theory", two undergraduate courses at Pennsylvania State University (University Park). Highlights five issues that are used in the author's approach to teaching theory and science. (CMK)

  14. International Data Archive and Analysis Center. I. International Relations Archive. II. Voluntary International Coordination. III. Attachments.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Miller, Warren; Tanter, Raymond

    The International Relations Archive undertakes as its primary goals the acquisition, management and dissemination of international affairs data. The first document enclosed is a copy of the final machine readable codebook prepared for the data from the Political Events Project, 1948-1965. Also included is a copy of the final machine-readable…

  15. The International Language Esperanto 1887-1987: Towards the Second Century. Esperanto Documents 39A.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tonkin, Humphrey

    A discussion of Esperanto in the modern world outlines the rationale for the use of an international language, the role of Esperanto in promoting international communication, Esperanto-related organizations and services, and the characteristics of the language that make it useful and easy to teach. Also included are a fact sheet describing the…

  16. The stages of the international drug control system.

    PubMed

    Carstairs, Catherine

    2005-01-01

    This paper argues that the history of the international drug control system of the League of Nations/United Nations can be divided into three cumulative stages. The first stage, the supply stage, dates back to early part of the 20th century, and aimed to reduce the supply of drugs through careful monitoring and trade regulations. This has remained the dominant control strategy. In the middle of the century, demand control, in the form of treatment and criminalization of the individual user, began to appear. This was the least successful stage. Finally, in the 1980s, the dangers of the drug traffic assumed an important place on the international agenda and measures to reduce drug-related organized crime were enacted. To date, this has been a process of proliferation of regulatory strategies. Recently, new challenges to the international drug control system have emerged, including well-funded non-governmental organizations critical of the war on drugs, and the adoption of harm reduction measures in national policies around the world.

  17. A Program for High School Social Studies: International Relations.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bloomington Public Schools, MN.

    GRADES OR AGES: High school. SUBJECT MATTER: Social studies, International relations. ORGANIZATION AND PHYSICAL APPEARANCE: The introductory material covers the school district philosophy, a description of the program, major concepts for international relations, and techniques for evaluating objectives. Material is provided for six units…

  18. Differential resilience of Amazonian otters along the Rio Negro in the aftermath of the 20th century international fur trade.

    PubMed

    Pimenta, Natalia C; Antunes, André P; Barnett, Adrian A; Macedo, Valêncio W; Shepard, Glenn H

    2018-01-01

    Commercial hunting for the international trade in animal hides in the 20th century decimated many populations of aquatic wildlife in Amazonia. However, impacts varied significantly between different species and regions, depending upon hunting intensity, accessibility of habitat, and the inherent resilience of various species and their habitats. We investigated the differential responses of two Amazonian Mustelid species, the neotropical otter and giant otter, to commercial hunting pressure along the upper Rio Negro in Brazil, and examined historical factors that influenced spatial and temporal variation in commercial exploitation. We analyzed previously unanalyzed data from historical records of hide shipments to track changes in hide sales and prices for the two species in the late 20th century. We also gathered oral histories from older Baniwa people who had witnessed or participated in commercial otter hunting. These complimentary data sources reveal how intrinsic biological and social characteristics of the two otter species interacted with market forces and regional history. Whereas giant otter populations were driven to local or regional extinction during the late 20th century by commercial hunting, neotropical otters persisted. In recent decades, giant otter populations have returned to some parts of the upper Rio Negro, a development which local people welcome as part of a generalized recovery of the ecosystems in their territory as a result of the banning of animal pelt exports and indigenous land demarcation. This paper expands the scope of the field historical ecology and reflects on the role of local knowledge in biodiversity conservation.

  19. Differential resilience of Amazonian otters along the Rio Negro in the aftermath of the 20th century international fur trade

    PubMed Central

    Antunes, André P.; Barnett, Adrian A.; Macedo, Valêncio W.; Shepard, Glenn H.

    2018-01-01

    Commercial hunting for the international trade in animal hides in the 20th century decimated many populations of aquatic wildlife in Amazonia. However, impacts varied significantly between different species and regions, depending upon hunting intensity, accessibility of habitat, and the inherent resilience of various species and their habitats. We investigated the differential responses of two Amazonian Mustelid species, the neotropical otter and giant otter, to commercial hunting pressure along the upper Rio Negro in Brazil, and examined historical factors that influenced spatial and temporal variation in commercial exploitation. We analyzed previously unanalyzed data from historical records of hide shipments to track changes in hide sales and prices for the two species in the late 20th century. We also gathered oral histories from older Baniwa people who had witnessed or participated in commercial otter hunting. These complimentary data sources reveal how intrinsic biological and social characteristics of the two otter species interacted with market forces and regional history. Whereas giant otter populations were driven to local or regional extinction during the late 20th century by commercial hunting, neotropical otters persisted. In recent decades, giant otter populations have returned to some parts of the upper Rio Negro, a development which local people welcome as part of a generalized recovery of the ecosystems in their territory as a result of the banning of animal pelt exports and indigenous land demarcation. This paper expands the scope of the field historical ecology and reflects on the role of local knowledge in biodiversity conservation. PMID:29601590

  20. Relations between Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Early Childhood

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Stone, Lisanne L.; Otten, Roy; Engels, Rutger C. M. E.; Kuijpers, Rowella C. W. M.; Janssens, Jan M. A. M.

    2015-01-01

    Background: Childhood internalizing and externalizing problems are closely related and often co-occur. Directional models have been employed to test how these problems are related, while few studies have tested a third variables model. Objective: This study investigates whether internalizing and externalizing problems are reciprocally or…

  1. Preparing for a New Century of Learning: Technology, Education, and the Internet. ICTE Tampa 1999: International Conference on Technology and Education Proceedings (17th, Tampa, Florida, October 10-13, 1999).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    1999

    The overarching focus of the International Conference on Technology and Education (ICTE) Tampa 1999 conference was "Preparing for a New Century of Learning: Technology, Education, and the Internet." Twelve themes supported this focus: "Implementation in the Classroom"; "Educational Tools"; "Information Technology…

  2. Report of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century, Third Session (Paris, France, January 12-15, 1994). Report on the Study: Education and Science.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century (UNESCO), Paris (France).

    This report of the third session of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century describes the two main items on its agenda: the teaching of the sciences, and the production of knowledge, mentioning in this connection the particular role of the universities. From these debates and deliberations arose a number of central…

  3. Qualities Required of Education Today To Meet Foreseeable Demands in the Twenty-first Century. International Symposium and Round Table Proceedings (Beijing, China, November 27-December 2, 1989).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France).

    This report contains proceedings of a United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) international symposium and round table. The main objective of the meeting was to debate long-term goals of education and its role in preparing young people to face the demands of the 21st century. Papers presented include: (1) "Young…

  4. Glacier changes on South Georgia since the late-19th century documented in historical photographs

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gordon, John; Haynes, Valerie

    2014-05-01

    South Georgia is one of the few landmasses in the Southern Ocean. It provides a crucial geographical datapoint for glacier responses to climate change over different timescales. As part of an ongoing glacier inventory of the island, we are compiling a database of historical glacier photographs. Since the late 19th century, the island has been visited by numerous scientific and survey expeditions, as well as being the land-base for a major whaling industry. Historical photographs of the island are available from the late-19th century, beginning with the 1882-83 German International Polar Year Expedition. Many more exist from the 20th century, notably from the South Georgia Surveys in the 1950s. An assessment of the value of the photographs indicates that spatial coverage is variable, many lack reference features to pinpoint glacier positions and, in the case of smaller glaciers, the presence of snowcover makes it difficult to define the ice edge. Nevertheless, the photographs provide useful corroboration of more advanced glacier positions during the late-19th century and recession of smaller mountain and valley glaciers during the mid-20th century, while larger tidewater and sea-calving glaciers generally remained in relatively advanced positions until the 1980s. Since then, nearly all the glaciers have retreated; some of these retreats have been dramatic and a number of small mountain glaciers have fragmented or disappeared. The response of the glaciers can be related to synoptic-scale warming, particularly since the 1950s, moderated by individual glacier geometry and topography.

  5. Health in Barbados in the 20th century.

    PubMed

    Walrond, E R

    2001-09-01

    At the beginning of the 20th century, Barbados was described as the most unhealthy place in the British Empire; at the end of the century, it is considered amongst the healthiest of developing countries. At the start of the century the statistics were harsh; for example, there was an infant mortality rate of 400 per 1000 live births. It is now between 10 and 15 per 1000 live births. In the last two-thirds of the century, there was a series of ongoing revolutions in Education, Public Health and Hospital Services that affected the health status favourably. The revolution in education was enhanced by the provision of University education starting with Medicine at Mona, Jamaica. Training of doctors expanded to Barbados in 1967 and has been an essential ingredient in the medical care revolution of the last third of the century. In 1953, the first Public Health Centre was opened and Barbados can now boast the most modern public health and primary care facilities. However, modern lifestyles are associated with an epidemic of obesity, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. HIV/AIDS has emerged as a major problem. Health in the 21st century will need to look at lifestyles--the effects of the internal combustion engine, the availability of tools of violence, the lure of 'illegal drugs', personal relationships and gender as well as the driving forces behind the associated lifestyles.

  6. Twenty-first century science as a relational process: from eureka! to team science and a place for community psychology.

    PubMed

    Tebes, Jacob Kraemer; Thai, Nghi D; Matlin, Samantha L

    2014-06-01

    In this paper we maintain that twenty-first century science is, fundamentally, a relational process in which knowledge is produced (or co-produced) through transactions among researchers or among researchers and public stakeholders. We offer an expanded perspective on the practice of twenty-first century science, the production of scientific knowledge, and what community psychology can contribute to these developments. We argue that: (1) trends in science show that research is increasingly being conducted in teams; (2) scientific teams, such as transdisciplinary teams of researchers or of researchers collaborating with various public stakeholders, are better able to address complex challenges; (3) transdisciplinary scientific teams are part of the larger, twenty-first century transformation in science; (4) the concept of heterarchy is a heuristic for team science aligned with this transformation; (5) a contemporary philosophy of science known as perspectivism provides an essential foundation to advance twenty-first century science; and (6) community psychology, through its core principles and practice competencies, offers theoretical and practical expertise for advancing team science and the transformation in science currently underway. We discuss the implications of these points and illustrate them briefly with two examples of transdisciplinary team science from our own work. We conclude that a new narrative is emerging for science in the twenty-first century that draws on interpersonal transactions in teams, and active engagement by researchers with the public to address critical accountabilities. Because of its core organizing principles and unique blend of expertise on the intersection of research and practice, community psychologists are well-prepared to help advance these developments, and thus have much to offer twenty-first century science.

  7. 21st Century Science as a Relational Process: From Eureka! to Team Science and a Place for Community Psychology

    PubMed Central

    Tebes, Jacob Kraemer; Thai, Nghi D.; Matlin, Samantha L.

    2014-01-01

    In this paper we maintain that 21st century science is, fundamentally, a relational process in which knowledge is produced (or co-produced) through transactions among researchers or among researchers and public stakeholders. We offer an expanded perspective on the practice of 21st century science, the production of scientific knowledge, and what community psychology can contribute to these developments. We argue that: 1) trends in science show that research is increasingly being conducted in teams; 2) scientific teams, such as transdisciplinary teams of researchers or of researchers collaborating with various public stakeholders, are better able to address complex challenges; 3) transdisciplinary scientific teams are part of the larger, 21st century transformation in science; 4) the concept of heterarchy is a heuristic for team science aligned with this transformation; 5) a contemporary philosophy of science known as perspectivism provides an essential foundation to advance 21st century science; and 6) community psychology, through its core principles and practice competencies, offers theoretical and practical expertise for advancing team science and the transformation in science currently underway. We discuss the implications of these points and illustrate them briefly with two examples of transdisciplinary team science from our own work. We conclude that a new narrative is emerging for science in the 21st century that draws on interpersonal transactions in teams, and active engagement by researchers with the public to address critical accountabilities. Because of its core organizing principles and unique blend of expertise on the intersection of research and practice, community psychologists are extraordinarily well-prepared to help advance these developments, and thus have much to offer 21st century science. PMID:24496718

  8. The globalization of public health: the first 100 years of international health diplomacy.

    PubMed Central

    Fidler, D. P.

    2001-01-01

    Global threats to public health in the 19th century sparked the development of international health diplomacy. Many international regimes on public health issues were created between the mid-19th and mid-20th centuries. The present article analyses the global risks in this field and the international legal responses to them between 1851 and 1951, and explores the lessons from the first century of international health diplomacy of relevance to contemporary efforts to deal with the globalization of public health. PMID:11584732

  9. Climate: Into the 21st Century

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Burroughs, William

    2003-08-01

    Toward the end of the twentieth century, it became evident to professionals working within the meterological arena that the world's climate system was showing signs of change that could not be adequately explained in terms of natural variation. Since that time there has been an increasing recognition that the climate system is changing as a result of human industries and lifestyles, and that the outcomes may prove catastrophic to the world's escalating population. Compiled by an international team formed under the auspices of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Climate: Into the 21st Century features an unrivalled collection of essays by the world's leading meteorological experts. These fully integrated contributions provide a perspective of the global climate system across the twentieth century, and describe some of the most arresting and extreme climatic events and their effects that have occurred during that time. In addition, the book traces the development of our capabilities to observe and monitor the climate system, and outlines our understanding of the predictability of climate on time-scales of months and longer. It concludes with a summary of the prospects for applying the twentieth century climate experience in order to benefit society in the twenty-first century. Lavishly illustrated in color, Climate is an accessible acccount of the challenges that climate poses at the start of the twenty-first century. Filled with fascinating facts and diagrams, it is written for a wide audience and will captivate the general reader interested in climate issues, and will be a valuable teaching resource. William Burroughs is a successful science author of books on climate, including Weather (Time Life, 2000), and Climate Change: A Multidisciplinary Approach (2001), Does the Weather Really Matter? (1997) and The Climate Revealed (1999), all published by Cambridge University Press.

  10. The Redesign of Teacher Education for the Twenty-First Century. International Perspectives on the Preparation of Educational Personnel. Selected Papers from the Thirtieth Anniversary World Assembly of the International Council of Education for Teaching (Washington, DC, July 11-15, 1983).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Yff, Joost, Ed.

    This volume is organized according to themes chosen for the 30th Annual World Assembly of the International Council on Education for Teaching (ICET). A keynote speech by Anne Flowers discussed "Teacher Education for the Twenty-First Century." The first theme, "The Redesign of Teacher Education," was discussed through presentations by Anne Flowers,…

  11. Dealing with femtorisks in international relations.

    PubMed

    Frank, Aaron Benjamin; Collins, Margaret Goud; Levin, Simon A; Lo, Andrew W; Ramo, Joshua; Dieckmann, Ulf; Kremenyuk, Victor; Kryazhimskiy, Arkady; Linnerooth-Bayer, JoAnne; Ramalingam, Ben; Roy, J Stapleton; Saari, Donald G; Thurner, Stefan; von Winterfeldt, Detlof

    2014-12-09

    The contemporary global community is increasingly interdependent and confronted with systemic risks posed by the actions and interactions of actors existing beneath the level of formal institutions, often operating outside effective governance structures. Frequently, these actors are human agents, such as rogue traders or aggressive financial innovators, terrorists, groups of dissidents, or unauthorized sources of sensitive or secret information about government or private sector activities. In other instances, influential "actors" take the form of climate change, communications technologies, or socioeconomic globalization. Although these individual forces may be small relative to state governments or international institutions, or may operate on long time scales, the changes they catalyze can pose significant challenges to the analysis and practice of international relations through the operation of complex feedbacks and interactions of individual agents and interconnected systems. We call these challenges "femtorisks," and emphasize their importance for two reasons. First, in isolation, they may be inconsequential and semiautonomous; but when embedded in complex adaptive systems, characterized by individual agents able to change, learn from experience, and pursue their own agendas, the strategic interaction between actors can propel systems down paths of increasing, even global, instability. Second, because their influence stems from complex interactions at interfaces of multiple systems (e.g., social, financial, political, technological, ecological, etc.), femtorisks challenge standard approaches to risk assessment, as higher-order consequences cascade across the boundaries of socially constructed complex systems. We argue that new approaches to assessing and managing systemic risk in international relations are required, inspired by principles of evolutionary theory and development of resilient ecological systems.

  12. Uncertainty in Twenty-First-Century CMIP5 Sea Level Projections

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Little, Christopher M.; Horton, Radley M.; Kopp, Robert E.; Oppenheimer, Michael; Yip, Stan

    2015-01-01

    The representative concentration pathway (RCP) simulations included in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) quantify the response of the climate system to different natural and anthropogenic forcing scenarios. These simulations differ because of 1) forcing, 2) the representation of the climate system in atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs), and 3) the presence of unforced (internal) variability. Global and local sea level rise projections derived from these simulations, and the emergence of distinct responses to the four RCPs depend on the relative magnitude of these sources of uncertainty at different lead times. Here, the uncertainty in CMIP5 projections of sea level is partitioned at global and local scales, using a 164-member ensemble of twenty-first-century simulations. Local projections at New York City (NYSL) are highlighted. The partition between model uncertainty, scenario uncertainty, and internal variability in global mean sea level (GMSL) is qualitatively consistent with that of surface air temperature, with model uncertainty dominant for most of the twenty-first century. Locally, model uncertainty is dominant through 2100, with maxima in the North Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean. The model spread is driven largely by 4 of the 16 AOGCMs in the ensemble; these models exhibit outlying behavior in all RCPs and in both GMSL and NYSL. The magnitude of internal variability varies widely by location and across models, leading to differences of several decades in the local emergence of RCPs. The AOGCM spread, and its sensitivity to model exclusion and/or weighting, has important implications for sea level assessments, especially if a local risk management approach is utilized.

  13. Assessing the risk of work-related international travel.

    PubMed

    Druckman, Myles; Harber, Philip; Liu, Yihang; Quigley, Robert L

    2014-11-01

    To identify factors affecting the likelihood of requiring medical services during international business trips. Data from more than 800,000 international trips and medical assistance cases provided to 48 multinational corporations in 2009. Travel destination countries were grouped into four a priori risk-related categories. Travel to "low" medical risk countries in aggregate accounted for more hospitalizations and medical evacuations than travel to "high" medical risk countries. Nevertheless, the risk per trip was much higher for travel to higher medical risk countries. Corporations with employees on international travel should allocate sufficient resources to manage and ideally prevent medical issues during business travel. Travel medicine must focus on more than infectious diseases, and programs are necessary for both high- and low-risk regions. Improved understanding of travel-related needs determines resource allocation and risk mitigation efforts.

  14. Gendered aspects of perceived and internalized HIV-related stigma in China.

    PubMed

    Li, Li; Lin, Chunqing; Ji, Guoping

    2017-10-01

    Although studies have demonstrated that females experience more HIV-related stigma than males do, questions remain regarding the different dimensions of the stigma (i.e., perceived versus internalized) in China. The present study investigated gender differences in perceived and internalized HIV-related stigma, taking into account the potential influence of education. The study was conducted between October 2011 and March 2013. A total of 522 people living with HIV (PLH) were recruited from Anhui Province, China. The PLH participated in a survey using the Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) method. The gender differences in perceived and internalized HIV-related stigma were calculated with and without stratifying by education level. Female participants had significantly less education than the male participants. No significant difference was observed between females and males with respect to perceived stigma. However, females reported significantly higher internalized stigma than males did (p < .001). When socio-demographic characteristics were controlled, the gender difference in internalized stigma remained significant among educated participants (p = .038). The findings suggested that gender differences in HIV-related stigma were primarily found for internalized stigma. Heightened intervention efforts are encouraged to reduce internalized HIV-related stigma, particularly among female PLH in China and other regions with similar gender dynamics.

  15. Gendered aspects of perceived and internalized HIV-related stigma in China

    PubMed Central

    Li, Li; Lin, Chunqing; Ji, Guoping

    2016-01-01

    Although studies have demonstrated that females experience more HIV-related stigma than males do, questions remain regarding the different dimensions of the stigma (i.e., perceived vs. internalized stigma) in China. The present study investigated gender differences in HIV-related perceived and internalized stigma, taking into account the potential influence of education. The study was conducted between October 2011 and March 2013. A total of 522 people living with HIV (PLH) were recruited from Anhui Province, China. The PLH participated in a survey using the Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) method. The gender differences in perceived and internalized HIV-related stigma were calculated with and without stratifying by education level. Female participants had significantly less education than the male participants. No significant difference was observed between females and males with respect to perceived stigma. However, females reported significantly higher internalized stigma than males did (p < .001). When socio-demographic characteristics were controlled, the gender difference in internalized stigma remained significant among educated participants (p = .038). The findings suggested that gender differences in HIV-related stigma were primarily found for internalized stigma. Heightened intervention efforts are encouraged to reduce HIV-related internalized stigma, particularly among female PLH in China and other regions with similar gender dynamics. PMID:27629916

  16. War and Peace in International Relations Theory: A Classroom Simulation

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sears, Nathan Alexander

    2018-01-01

    Simulations are increasingly common pedagogical tools in political science and international relations courses. This article develops a classroom simulation that aims to facilitate students' theoretical understanding of the topic of war and peace in international relations, and accomplishes this by incorporating important theoretical concepts…

  17. Dealing with femtorisks in international relations

    PubMed Central

    Frank, Aaron Benjamin; Collins, Margaret Goud; Levin, Simon A.; Lo, Andrew W.; Ramo, Joshua; Dieckmann, Ulf; Kremenyuk, Victor; Kryazhimskiy, Arkady; Linnerooth-Bayer, JoAnne; Ramalingam, Ben; Roy, J. Stapleton; Saari, Donald G.; Thurner, Stefan; von Winterfeldt, Detlof

    2014-01-01

    The contemporary global community is increasingly interdependent and confronted with systemic risks posed by the actions and interactions of actors existing beneath the level of formal institutions, often operating outside effective governance structures. Frequently, these actors are human agents, such as rogue traders or aggressive financial innovators, terrorists, groups of dissidents, or unauthorized sources of sensitive or secret information about government or private sector activities. In other instances, influential “actors” take the form of climate change, communications technologies, or socioeconomic globalization. Although these individual forces may be small relative to state governments or international institutions, or may operate on long time scales, the changes they catalyze can pose significant challenges to the analysis and practice of international relations through the operation of complex feedbacks and interactions of individual agents and interconnected systems. We call these challenges “femtorisks,” and emphasize their importance for two reasons. First, in isolation, they may be inconsequential and semiautonomous; but when embedded in complex adaptive systems, characterized by individual agents able to change, learn from experience, and pursue their own agendas, the strategic interaction between actors can propel systems down paths of increasing, even global, instability. Second, because their influence stems from complex interactions at interfaces of multiple systems (e.g., social, financial, political, technological, ecological, etc.), femtorisks challenge standard approaches to risk assessment, as higher-order consequences cascade across the boundaries of socially constructed complex systems. We argue that new approaches to assessing and managing systemic risk in international relations are required, inspired by principles of evolutionary theory and development of resilient ecological systems. PMID:25404317

  18. Tropical mathematics and the financial catastrophe of the 17th century. Thermoeconomics of Russia in the early 20th century

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Maslov, V. P.

    2010-03-01

    In the paper, an example is presented concerning relationships (which cannot be neglected) between mathematics and other sciences. In particular, the relationship between the tropical mathematics and the humanitarian-economic catastrophe of 17th century (related to slavery of Africans) is considered. The notion of critical state of economy of the 19th century is introduced by using the refined Fisher equation. A correspondence principle for thermodynamics of fluids and economics of the 19th century is presented.

  19. Teaching Culture: The Challenges and Opportunities of International Public Relations.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    George, Amiso M.

    2003-01-01

    Focuses on the challenges and opportunities for international public relations practice. Looks at current United States-Arab relations issues in international crisis communication. Discusses those issues, especially the role of culture and media. Proposes strategies including a case study that teachers can use to help students become effective…

  20. Fifth International Conference on Squeezed States and Uncertainty Relations

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Han, D. (Editor); Janszky, J. (Editor); Kim, Y. S. (Editor); Man'ko, V. I. (Editor)

    1998-01-01

    The Fifth International Conference on Squeezed States and Uncertainty Relations was held at Balatonfured, Hungary, on 27-31 May 1997. This series was initiated in 1991 at the College Park Campus of the University of Maryland as the Workshop on Squeezed States and Uncertainty Relations. The scientific purpose of this series was to discuss squeezed states of light, but in recent years the scope is becoming broad enough to include studies of uncertainty relations and squeeze transformations in all branches of physics including quantum optics and foundations of quantum mechanics. Quantum optics will continue playing the pivotal role in the future, but the future meetings will include all branches of physics where squeeze transformations are basic. As the meeting attracted more participants and started covering more diversified subjects, the fourth meeting was called an international conference. The Fourth International Conference on Squeezed States and Uncertainty Relations was held in 1995 was hosted by Shanxi University in Taiyuan, China. The fifth meeting of this series, which was held at Balatonfured, Hungary, was also supported by the IUPAP. In 1999, the Sixth International Conference will be hosted by the University of Naples in 1999. The meeting will take place in Ravello near Naples.

  1. The brain commission of the international association of academies: the first international society of neurosciences.

    PubMed

    Richter, J

    2000-08-01

    International associations of scientists, set up to organize cooperative scientific investigations in an international scope and to lay down global binding standards of research, are of great and still growing importance for the advancement of science. This was also recognized at the beginning of the 20th century by the community of researchers in basic and clinical neurological sciences, who created their first international organization following the trend initiated by scholars in astronomy and geophysics. Thus, the so-called "Brain Commission" of the International Association of Academies was founded in 1903 and was active until the outbreak of the First World War. The Brain Commission had no successor for nearly half a century, until the "International Brain Research Organization" (IBRO) was founded in 1961. Although the Brain Commission could exert an impact on neurosciences only for one decade, this international scientific association inspired and promoted the foundation of a series of Brain Research Institutes, which in part still exist in Europe, and long-lasting innovations in the neurosciences.

  2. Toward a Social Psychology of Race and Race Relations for the Twenty-First Century.

    PubMed

    Richeson, Jennifer A; Sommers, Samuel R

    2016-01-01

    The United States, like many nations, continues to experience rapid growth in its racial minority population and is projected to attain so-called majority-minority status by 2050. Along with these demographic changes, staggering racial disparities persist in health, wealth, and overall well-being. In this article, we review the social psychological literature on race and race relations, beginning with the seemingly simple question: What is race? Drawing on research from different fields, we forward a model of race as dynamic, malleable, and socially constructed, shifting across time, place, perceiver, and target. We then use classic theoretical perspectives on intergroup relations to frame and then consider new questions regarding contemporary racial dynamics. We next consider research on racial diversity, focusing on its effects during interpersonal encounters and for groups. We close by highlighting emerging topics that should top the research agenda for the social psychology of race and race relations in the twenty-first century.

  3. Evolution of Education for International Mindedness

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hill, Ian

    2012-01-01

    This article attempts to trace the evolution of the concept of international mindedness from the 17th century until the present, using four aspects to focus the discussion: education and other trends, ease of interaction across frontiers, determinants of international mindedness, and international mindedness in practice. Education trends start…

  4. Conceptual Developments of 20th Century Field Theories

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cao, Tian Yu

    1998-06-01

    This volume provides a broad synthesis of conceptual developments of twentieth century field theories, from the general theory of relativity to quantum field theory and gauge theory. The book traces the foundations and evolution of these theories within a historio-critical context. Theoretical physicists and students of theoretical physics will find this a valuable account of the foundational problems of their discipline that will help them understand the internal logic and dynamics of theoretical physics. It will also provide professional historians and philosophers of science, particularly philosophers of physics, with a conceptual basis for further historical, cultural and sociological analysis of the theories discussed. Finally, the scientifically qualified general reader will find in this book a deeper analysis of contemporary conceptions of the physical world than can be found in popular accounts of the subject.

  5. Conceptual Developments of 20th Century Field Theories

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cao, Tian Yu

    1997-02-01

    This volume provides a broad synthesis of conceptual developments of twentieth century field theories, from the general theory of relativity to quantum field theory and gauge theory. The book traces the foundations and evolution of these theories within a historio-critical context. Theoretical physicists and students of theoretical physics will find this a valuable account of the foundational problems of their discipline that will help them understand the internal logic and dynamics of theoretical physics. It will also provide professional historians and philosophers of science, particularly philosophers of physics, with a conceptual basis for further historical, cultural and sociological analysis of the theories discussed. Finally, the scientifically qualified general reader will find in this book a deeper analysis of contemporary conceptions of the physical world than can be found in popular accounts of the subject.

  6. High School Students' Perceptions of the Effects of International Science Olympiad on Their STEM Career Aspirations and Twenty-First Century Skill Development

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sahin, Alpaslan; Gulacar, Ozcan; Stuessy, Carol

    2015-12-01

    Social cognitive theory guided the design of a survey to investigate high school students' perceptions of factors affecting their career contemplations and beliefs regarding the influence of their participation in the international Science Olympiad on their subject interests and twenty-first century skills. In addition, gender differences in students' choice of competition category were studied. Mixed methods analysis of survey returns from 172 Olympiad participants from 31 countries showed that students' career aspirations were affected most by their teachers, personal interests, and parents, respectively. Students also indicated that they believed that their participation in the Olympiad reinforced their plan to choose a science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) major at college and assisted them in developing and improving their twenty-first century skills. Furthermore, female students' responses indicated that their project choices were less likely to be in the engineering category and more likely to be in the environment or energy categories. Findings are discussed in the light of increasing the awareness of the role and importance of Science Olympiads in STEM career choice and finding ways to attract more female students into engineering careers.

  7. [Epidemics and the evolution of medicine in Iran during the XIX century].

    PubMed

    Ebrahimnejad, H

    1999-01-01

    In a description of a historical case in 19th Century Persia, this article endeavours to show how changes in medical thought occurred. It argues that Medical Modernisation was apparent in the internal changes in traditional medicine. While cholera was frequently recorded, as an epidemic disease, over several centuries in the Persian Medical literature, why and how it became at this period, before contact with Western medicine, under close scrutiny by the traditional medicine. This new scrutiny is illustrated in the writings of Shirazi, a traditional court doctor, who endeavoured to describe cholera, diarrhoea and plague. In doing this, he introduced a significant change in the meanings of vaba and ta'un (generic terms attributed to any epidemic disease). Shirazi used them specifically to mean what we understood as cholera, for the former, and plague for the latter. The internal change in traditional medical thought, together with the awakening of socio-political consciousness regarding the spread of epidemics, were the main factors clearing the path to a natural integration of Western medicine in 19th century Iran.

  8. Challenges to Learning and Schooling in the Digital Networked World of the 21st Century

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Voogt, J.; Erstad, O.; Dede, C.; Mishra, P.

    2013-01-01

    This article elaborates on the competencies, often referred to as 21st century competencies, that are needed to be able to live in and contribute to our current (and future) society. We begin by describing, analysing and reflecting on international frameworks describing 21st century competencies, giving special attention to digital literacy as one…

  9. International Academy of Astronautics 5th cosmic study—preparing for a 21st century program of integrated, Lunar and Martian exploration and development (executive summary)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Koelle, H. H.; Stephenson, D. G.

    2003-04-01

    This report is an initial review of plans for a extensive program to survey and develop the Moon and to explore the planet Mars during the 21st century. It presents current typical plans for separate, associated and fully integrated programs of Lunar and Martian research, exploration and development, and concludes that detailed integrated plans must be prepared and be subject to formal criticism. Before responsible politicians approve a new thrust into space they will demand attractive, defensible, and detailed proposals that explain the WHEN, HOW and WHY of each stage of an expanded program of 21st century space research, development and exploration. In particular, the claims of daring, innovative, but untried systems must be compared with the known performance of existing technologies. The time has come to supersede the present haphazard approach to strategic space studies with a formal international structure to plan for future advanced space missions under the aegis of the world's national space agencies, and supported by governments and the corporate sector.

  10. Educating International Security Practitioners: Preparing to Face the Demands of the 21st Century International Security Environment

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2001-07-01

    and it (usu ally) takes the in put of ju niors to help a se nior strat e gist ar rive at his con clu sions. 3 Lieutenant General Richard Chilcoat...Major General Richard A. Chilcoat, Strategic Art: The New Discipline for 21st Century Leaders, Carlisle Barracks, PA: Strategic Studies Institute...beyond the scope of this chapter, Richard Betts’ insightful essay on the importance of strategic studies supports the notion that security studies is

  11. Influence of atmospheric internal variability on the long-term Siberian water cycle during the past 2 centuries

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Oshima, Kazuhiro; Ogata, Koto; Park, Hotaek; Tachibana, Yoshihiro

    2018-05-01

    River discharges from Siberia are a large source of freshwater into the Arctic Ocean, whereas the cause of the long-term variation in Siberian discharges is still unclear. The observed river discharges of the Lena in the east and the Ob in the west indicated different relationships in each of the epochs during the past 7 decades. The correlations between the two river discharges were negative during the 1980s to mid-1990s, positive during the mid-1950s to 1960s, and became weak after the mid-1990s. More long-term records of tree-ring-reconstructed discharges have also shown differences in the correlations in each of the epochs. It is noteworthy that the correlations obtained from the reconstructions tend to be negative during the past 2 centuries. Such tendency has also been obtained from precipitations in observations, and in simulations with an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) and fully coupled atmosphere-ocean GCMs conducted for the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC. The AGCM control simulation further demonstrated that an east-west seesaw pattern of summertime large-scale atmospheric circulation frequently emerges over Siberia as an atmospheric internal variability. This results in an opposite anomaly of precipitation over the Lena and Ob and the negative correlation. Consequently, the summertime atmospheric internal variability in the east-west seesaw pattern over Siberia is a key factor influencing the long-term variation in precipitation and river discharge, i.e., the water cycle in this region.

  12. Twentieth-Century American Education Reform in the Global Context

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    DeBoer, Jennifer

    2012-01-01

    As detailed in the articles throughout this issue, the U.S. education system experienced a number of structural developments throughout the 20th century. These changes served to shift the landscape of decision-making authority in multiple areas of primary and secondary schooling. This article provides an international perspective on the changes…

  13. Public support for medical research in the 21st century.

    PubMed

    Smith, P M

    2000-01-01

    Key public policies that have contributed to the rise of modern medical research in the 20th Century are reviewed, focusing especially on the United States and the post-World War II period. Drawing on this history, the question is posed: "Are these policies sufficient to insure vigorous medical research in the 21st Century?" Although radical policy changes are not needed, several proposals for policy and medical research portfolio redirection are offered, including a rebalancing of public supported research in all fields of science that contribute to medical advances. Medical research must also invest in a national and international information infrastructure that will allow the linking of researchers, clinical experimenters, practicing physicians, and the public in ways heretofore not imagined. Medical researchers must be leaders and advocates for the whole research enterprise in the 21st Century.

  14. JPRS Report, Soviet Union, World Economy & International Relations, No. 3, March 1988.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-06-14

    JPRS-UWE-89-008 14 JUNE 1989 JPRS Report— Soviet Union WORLD ECONOMY & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS No 3, March 1988 MBTltlBOTION STATEMENT A...SERVICE SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 \\*2 Soviet Union WORLD ECONOMY & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS No 3, March 1988 JPRS-UWE-89-008 CONTENTS 14 JUNE 1989...Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Refer to the table of contents for a listing of any articles

  15. Higher Education Staff Development: Directions for the 21st Century.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Barnes, Jennifer; And Others

    This collection of 13 papers offers an international perspective on future directions of staff development at colleges and universities, focusing on academic staff development, higher education teaching networks, and managerial and human resource development. Papers are: (1) "Higher Education Staff Development for the 21st Century: Directions…

  16. Usefulness of current international air transport statistics

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1999-05-01

    International air transportation is the fastest growing segment of transportation. It performs a major function in the globalization process and is a significant feature of the late 20th century. Public policy regarding international air transportati...

  17. Education for the 21st Century: Lessons and Challenges

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Carneiro, Roberto; Draxler, Alexandra

    2008-01-01

    On the basis of proposals contained in the 1996 report "Learning: the Treasure Within" by the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-first Century (established by UNESCO), the authors examine the influence and pertinence of its construct of education on the four pillars learning to know, learning to do, learning to be, and learning…

  18. Technical improvements in 19th century Belgian window glass production

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lauriks, Leen; Collette, Quentin; Wouters, Ine; Belis, Jan

    Glass was used since the Roman age in the building envelope, but it became widely applied together with iron since the 19th century. Belgium was a major producer of window glass during the nineteenth century and the majority of the produced window glass was exported all over the world. Investigating the literature on the development of 19th century Belgian window glass production is therefore internationally relevant. In the 17th century, wood was replaced as a fuel by coal. In the 19th century, the regenerative tank furnace applied gas as a fuel in a continuous glass production process. The advantages were a clean production, a more constant and higher temperature in the furnace and a fuel saving. The French chemist Nicolas Leblanc (1787-1793) and later the Belgian chemist Ernest Solvay (1863) invented processes to produce alkali out of common salt. The artificial soda ash improved the quality and aesthetics of the glass plates. During the 19th century, the glass production was industrialized, influencing the operation of furnaces, the improvement of raw materials as well as the applied energy sources. Although the production process was industrialized, glassblowing was still the work of an individual. By improving his work tools, he was able to create larger glass plates. The developments in the annealing process followed this evolution. The industry had to wait until the invention of the drawn glass in the beginning of the 20th century to fully industrialise the window glass manufacture process.

  19. Science Policy at the Wrong Scale and Without Adequate Political Institutions: Parallels between the U.S. 19th Century and the 21st Century Global Contexts

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    McCurdy, K. M.

    2012-12-01

    national and state levels), and there is only weak international confederation provided in the United Nations and multilateral treaties used to restrain multinational corporations. Again, there is tension between unregulated economic development based on local control and strong centralized decision making, but the 21st century has inadequate international political institutions. National corporations did not fit into the institutional context of the 19th century. Multinational corporations do not fit the political institutions extant in the early 21st century. Hutton's insight about geologic time can be applied to politics. Time scale is important in understanding political as well as geologic processes. Policy trends begin with electoral surges and are sustained with subsequent incremental election results and consensus. Geoscientists of the 21st century may be able to look to their 19th century colleagues to recognize the level of political energy needed to convincingly explain the policy consequences of their data to elected officials. Geoscience influence in the policy process is critical to building a lasting political consensus for sustainable policy choices.

  20. The impact of international service on the development of volunteers' intercultural relations.

    PubMed

    Lough, Benjamin J; Sherraden, Margaret Sherrard; McBride, Amanda Moore; Xiang, Xiaoling

    2014-07-01

    Approximately one million people from the United States perform international volunteer service each year, representing a significant flow of ideas, people, resources, and aid across international borders. This quasi-experimental study assesses the longitudinal impact of international volunteer service on volunteers' intercultural relations, international social capital, and concern about international affairs. Using linear mixed regression models that control for a counterfactual comparison group of individuals that did not travel abroad, international volunteers are more likely to report significant increases in international social capital and international concern two to three years after returning from service. Results indicate that intercultural relations may also continue to increase years after returning from service. International service may be a useful approach to helping people gain skills and networks that are needed in an increasingly global society. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  1. "In-Awareness" Approach to International Public Relations.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Zaharna, R. S.

    2001-01-01

    Presents a three-tiered framework intended to expose hidden cultural assumptions and expectations that plague international public relations. Notes the country profile outlines what may be feasible within a particular country; the cultural profile speaks to what may be effective in that country; and the communication profile delineates…

  2. Chaos Theory and International Relations

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-12-01

    two. If we further confine ourselves to directed piercings of the plane , we are left with only a single point. Such a Poincare section reduces our...During the 20th century, Henri Poincare , Yoshisuke Ueda, and Edward Lorenz were the pioneers of the study of CT, although they never used the term Chaos...difference between linear and nonlinear in Chapter I, section C.1, first paragraph. 2 knowledge of them was poor; that is, until the work of Poincare . What

  3. International research collaboration as social relation: an Ethiopian-Canadian example.

    PubMed

    Bender, Amy; Guruge, Sepali; Aga, Fekadu; Hailemariam, Damen; Hyman, Ilene; Tamiru, Melesse

    2011-06-01

    International collaboration in nursing and other health disciplines is vital for addressing global health issues. While the results and processes of such collaborations have been reported, few publications have addressed their philosophical or theoretical underpinnings, particularly with respect to collaboration between those in low- and high-income countries. Piaget's notion of social relations of cooperation and constraint and Habermas's notion of "lifeworld" provide a theoretical lens through which to examine international collaboration as a construction of knowledge. This article is an exploration of these ideas as seen in the collective experience of Canadians and Ethiopians organizing an interdisciplinary forum on intimate partner violence in Ethiopia. The project is presented as a case study for reflecting on international collaboration as a manifestation of social relations. Such re-visioning of international collaboration may be useful for improving collaborative processes and their outcomes.

  4. Internal pH regulation facilitates in situ long-term acclimation of massive corals to end-of-century carbon dioxide conditions.

    PubMed

    Wall, M; Fietzke, J; Schmidt, G M; Fink, A; Hofmann, L C; de Beer, D; Fabricius, K E

    2016-08-01

    The resilience of tropical corals to ocean acidification depends on their ability to regulate the pH within their calcifying fluid (pHcf). Recent work suggests pHcf homeostasis under short-term exposure to pCO2 conditions predicted for 2100, but it is still unclear if pHcf homeostasis can be maintained throughout a corals lifetime. At CO2 seeps in Papua New Guinea, massive Porites corals have grown along a natural seawater pH gradient for decades. This natural gradient, ranging from pH 8.1-7.4, provides an ideal platform to determine corals' pHcf (using boron isotopes). Porites maintained a similar pHcf (~8.24) at both a control (pH 8.1) and seep-influenced site (pH 7.9). Internal pHcf was slightly reduced (8.12) at seawater pH 7.6, and decreased to 7.94 at a site with a seawater pH of 7.4. A growth response model based on pHcf mirrors the observed distribution patterns of this species in the field. We suggest Porites has the capacity to acclimate after long-time exposure to end-of-century reduced seawater pH conditions and that strong control over pHcf represents a key mechanism to persist in future oceans. Only beyond end-of-century pCO2 conditions do they face their current physiological limit of pH homeostasis and pHcf begins to decrease.

  5. Teaching International Relations to a Multicultural Classroom

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bertrand, Julia Lau; Lee, Ji-Young

    2012-01-01

    This article argues that instructors should adopt a more multicultural perspective when designing syllabi for and teaching undergraduate courses in International Relations (IR). The examination of teaching practices in IR draws on the personal experiences of the authors as foreign natives and instructors of IR at two American universities. The…

  6. The pediatrician's role in the twenty-first century.

    PubMed

    Gracey, M

    1998-10-01

    The world's children comprise: (i) those in wealthy, industrialized countries; (ii) those from rapidly industrializing countries; (iii) minority groups including recently arrived immigrants in otherwise affluent and healthy societies; (iv) previously traditional people in rapid transition to urbanized, Western lifestyles; and (v) many millions living in grinding poverty in overcrowded, unhygienic conditions where child mortality is high and often due to malnutrition and infections. Industrialization, affluence, better housing, hygiene and nutrition, better clinical care and disease prevention have helped enhance child health in many countries over the past century. However, this is being offset by obesity, smoking, alcohol and drug abuse and social disruption, mental disease and high rates of violence including homicide and suicide. These 'new morbidities' are worse among minorities and in populations undergoing rapid social change. Social pressures including unemployment, depression and family dysfunction are important. Pediatricians must become active in decisions about the use of public resources in disease prevention, health education and more rational and equitable use of high technology. They should also be active advocates for children and their rights and advise governments about all issues that affect child health, protection and well-being. This is particularly so in the poorest and developing countries. There is a need for better international collaboration, training and exchange programs involving the International Pediatric Association, United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, World Health Organization and other local, national and regional organizations to help overcome these problems as the next century draws near.

  7. International Academy of Astronautics 5th cosmic study--preparing for a 21st century program of integrated, Lunar and Martian exploration and development (executive summary).

    PubMed

    Koelle, H H; Stephenson, D G

    2003-04-01

    This report is an initial review of plans for a extensive program to survey and develop the Moon and to explore the planet Mars during the 21st century. It presents current typical plans for separate, associated and fully integrated programs of Lunar and Martian research, exploration and development, and concludes that detailed integrated plans must be prepared and be subject to formal criticism. Before responsible politicians approve a new thrust into space they will demand attractive, defensible, and detailed proposals that explain the WHEN, HOW and WHY of each stage of an expanded program of 21st century space research, development and exploration. In particular, the claims of daring, innovative, but untried systems must be compared with the known performance of existing technologies. The time has come to supersede the present haphazard approach to strategic space studies with a formal international structure to plan for future advanced space missions under the aegis of the world's national space agencies, and supported by governments and the corporate sector. c2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

  8. International Relations: Understanding the Behavior of Nations.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Zack, David R.; And Others

    In today's world, no nation acts in isolation; the interdependence of nations makes international relations complex and ever-changing. This book is designed to help students understand why nations compete, why they cooperate, and why they sometimes go to war. Chapter 1 examines the behavior of nations and how national interest dictates the…

  9. [A history of internal medicine: medical specialization: as old as antiquity].

    PubMed

    Echenberg, Donald

    2007-11-28

    This article presents a short review of the history of medical specialization and the evolution of internal medicine within the last two centuries. Medical specialization, far from being a recent phenomenon, existed in the Hellenistic world and in Rome. The development of specialization during the latter part of the 19th century and early 20th century is credited to the rapid expansion of medical knowledge which made it impossible for a single doctor to encompass all the different spheres of the profession. The term innere medizin or internal medicine was adopted from German terminology in the 1880's. The Canadian society of internal medicine was formed in 1983 and its main goal is to promote a broad perspective of medical care and to master the complexity in medicine through a generalist approach.

  10. Reflections on Dead Theory in International Relations

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Thakur, Vineet

    2016-01-01

    In this short autobiographical essay, I trace my journey in the discipline of International Relations. While entering the discipline, I, along with a host of my classmates, were enamoured by the exciting possibilities of thinking theoretically. Almost a decade later, those promises look bleak. From the perspective of a student in the discipline, I…

  11. A Comparative History of Church-State Relations in Irish Education

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    O'Donoghue, Tom; Harford, Judith

    2011-01-01

    This essay argues for the development of a research agenda on the comparative history of Catholic education internationally from the nineteenth century to the present. This requires, in the first instance, the production of a series of individual-country case studies, concentrating on relations between the Catholic Church and the particular state…

  12. Asbestos-Related Disease in South Africa

    PubMed Central

    Braun, Lundy; Kisting, Sophia

    2006-01-01

    South Africa was the third largest exporter of asbestos in the world for more than a century. As a consequence of particularly exploitative social conditions, former workers and residents of mining regions suffered—and continue to suffer—from a serious yet still largely undocumented burden of asbestos-related disease. This epidemic has been invisible both internationally and inside South Africa. We examined the work environment, labor policies, and occupational-health framework of the asbestos industry in South Africa during the 20th century. In a changing local context where the majority of workers were increasingly disenfranchised, unorganized, excluded from skilled work, and predominantly rural, mining operations of the asbestos industry not only exposed workers to high levels of asbestos but also contaminated the environment extensively. PMID:16809596

  13. Relations over Time among Children's Shyness, Emotionality, and Internalizing Problems

    PubMed Central

    Eggum, Natalie D.; Eisenberg, Nancy; Reiser, Mark; Spinrad, Tracy L.; Michalik, Nicole M.; Valiente, Carlos; Liew, Jeffrey; Sallquist, Julie

    2011-01-01

    Data regarding children's shyness and emotionality were collected at three time points, two years apart (T1: N = 214, M = 6.12 years; T2: N = 185, M = 7.67 years; T3: N = 185, M = 9.70 years), and internalizing data were collected at T1 and T3. Relations among parent-rated shyness, emotionality (parent- and teacher-rated anger, sadness, and positive emotional intensity [EI]), and mother-rated internalizing were examined in panel models. In some cases, shyness predicted emotionality two years later (teacher-rated anger, parent-rated sadness, teacher-rated positive EI) and emotionality sometimes predicted shyness two years later (teacher-rated sadness, parent-rated positive EI, teacher-rated positive EI). Parent-rated shyness and/or emotionality (parent-rated anger and parent-rated sadness) predicted internalizing at T3. Results shed light on developmental relations between emotionality and shyness, as well as processes of risk for, or protection against, the development of internalizing problems. PMID:22383862

  14. Relations over Time among Children's Shyness, Emotionality, and Internalizing Problems.

    PubMed

    Eggum, Natalie D; Eisenberg, Nancy; Reiser, Mark; Spinrad, Tracy L; Michalik, Nicole M; Valiente, Carlos; Liew, Jeffrey; Sallquist, Julie

    2012-02-01

    Data regarding children's shyness and emotionality were collected at three time points, two years apart (T1: N = 214, M = 6.12 years; T2: N = 185, M = 7.67 years; T3: N = 185, M = 9.70 years), and internalizing data were collected at T1 and T3. Relations among parent-rated shyness, emotionality (parent- and teacher-rated anger, sadness, and positive emotional intensity [EI]), and mother-rated internalizing were examined in panel models. In some cases, shyness predicted emotionality two years later (teacher-rated anger, parent-rated sadness, teacher-rated positive EI) and emotionality sometimes predicted shyness two years later (teacher-rated sadness, parent-rated positive EI, teacher-rated positive EI). Parent-rated shyness and/or emotionality (parent-rated anger and parent-rated sadness) predicted internalizing at T3. Results shed light on developmental relations between emotionality and shyness, as well as processes of risk for, or protection against, the development of internalizing problems.

  15. Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A Guide to the Use of the International Phonetic Alphabet.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    International Phonetic Association.

    This guide contains concise information on the International Phonetic Alphabet, a universally agreed system of notation in use for over a century, for the sounds of languages, and guidance on how to use it. The handbook replaces the previous edition, "Principles of the International Phonetic Association," which has not been revised since 1949.…

  16. The relational underpinnings of quality internal auditing in medical clinics in Israel.

    PubMed

    Carmeli, Abraham; Zisu, Malka

    2009-03-01

    Internal auditing is a key mechanism in enhancing organizational reliability. However, research on the ways quality internal auditing is enabled through learning, deterrence, motivation and process improvement is scant. In particular, the relational underpinnings of internal auditing have been understudied. This study attempts to address this need by examining how organizational trust, perceived organizational support and psychological safety enable internal auditing. Data collected from employees in medical clinics of one of the largest healthcare organizations in Israel at two points in time six months apart. Our results show that organizational trust and perceived organizational support are positively related to psychological safety (measured at time 1), which, in turn, is associated with internal auditing (measured at time 2).

  17. USSR Report, World Economy and International Relations, No. 11, November 1986

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-02-26

    publication in no way represent the policies, views or attitudes of the U„S. Government. PROCUREMENT OF PUBLICATIONS JPRS publications may be...JPRS-UWE-87-002 26 FEBRUARY 1987 USSR REPORT WORLD ECONOMY AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS No 11, November 1986 [Translation of the Russian-language...monthly journal MIROVAYA EKONOMIKA I MEZHDUNARODNYYE OTNOSHENIYA published in Moscow by the Institute of World Economy and International Relations

  18. [Constant or break? On the relations between human genetics and eugenics in the Twentieth Century].

    PubMed

    Germann, Pascal

    2015-07-01

    The history of human genetics has been a neglected topic in history of science and medicine for a long time. Only recently, have medical historians begun to pay more attention to the history of human heredity. An important research question deals with the interconnections between human genetics and eugenics. This paper addresses this question: By focusing on a Swiss case study, the investigation of the heredity of goiter, I will argue that there existed close but also ambiguous relations between heredity research and eugenics in the twentieth century. Studies on human heredity often produced evidence that challenged eugenic aims and ideas. Concurrently, however, these studies fostered visions of genetic improvement of human populations.

  19. Lunar and Planetary Robotic Exploration Missions in the 20th Century

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huntress, W. T., Jr.; Moroz, V. I.; Shevalev, I. L.

    2003-07-01

    The prospect of traveling to the planets was science fiction at the beginning of the 20th Century and science fact at its end. The space age was born of the Cold War in the 1950s and throughout most of the remainder of the century it provided not just an adventure in the exploration of space but a suspenseful drama as the US and USSR competed to be first and best. It is a tale of patience to overcome obstacles, courage to try the previously impossible and persistence to overcome failure, a tale of both fantastic accomplishment and debilitating loss. We briefly describe the history of robotic lunar and planetary exploration in the 20th Century, the missions attempted, their goals and their fate. We describe how this enterprise developed and evolved step by step from a politically driven competition to intense scientific investigations and international cooperation.

  20. 36 CFR 902.52 - Records related solely to internal personnel rules and practices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Corporation Records § 902.52 Records related solely to internal personnel rules and practices. (a) Records... hiring, training, promotion, demotion, and discharge of employees, and management plans, records, or... protection of any record related to internal personnel rules and practices dealing with the relations between...

  1. 36 CFR 902.52 - Records related solely to internal personnel rules and practices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Corporation Records § 902.52 Records related solely to internal personnel rules and practices. (a) Records... hiring, training, promotion, demotion, and discharge of employees, and management plans, records, or... protection of any record related to internal personnel rules and practices dealing with the relations between...

  2. 36 CFR 902.52 - Records related solely to internal personnel rules and practices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Corporation Records § 902.52 Records related solely to internal personnel rules and practices. (a) Records... hiring, training, promotion, demotion, and discharge of employees, and management plans, records, or... protection of any record related to internal personnel rules and practices dealing with the relations between...

  3. 36 CFR 902.52 - Records related solely to internal personnel rules and practices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Corporation Records § 902.52 Records related solely to internal personnel rules and practices. (a) Records... hiring, training, promotion, demotion, and discharge of employees, and management plans, records, or... protection of any record related to internal personnel rules and practices dealing with the relations between...

  4. Toward More Emphasis in International Public Relations Research and Education: A USA Perspective.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Neff, Bonita Dostal

    International public relations continues to be a rare experience in most public relations curriculums, but courses are found in journalism and business. The emphasis, however, is slightly different. Business departments emphasize international economic principles to be supported by public relations, whereas journalism stresses issues management…

  5. Personal and Contextual Factors Related to Internalizing Problems during Adolescence

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Oliva, Alfredo; Parra, Águeda; Reina, M. Carmen

    2014-01-01

    Background: Over the past decades, ample empirical evidence has been collected about the factors linked to internalizing problems during adolescence. However, there is a lack of research that use holistic approaches to study the joint analysis of a series of contextual and personal variables considered to be related to internalizing problems.…

  6. FTEE/CTETE 21st Century Leadership Academy: A Second Decade of Excellence

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Havice, William; Hill, Roger

    2018-01-01

    In 2006, the International Technology and Engineering Educators Association's Council on Technology Teacher Education (CTETE) Leadership Development Committee established the Twenty-First Century Leader Associates (TCLA) program. This initiative was developed to facilitate a sense of community and provide activities and resources for scholarly and…

  7. Digital Learning: Strengthening and Assessing 21st Century Skills, Grades 5-8

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Serim, Ferdi

    2012-01-01

    This comprehensive book offers a practical pathway for developing twenty-first-century skills while simultaneously strengthening content-area learning. "Digital Learning" contains a wealth of research-based practices to integrate the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) National Education Technology Standards (NETS) for both…

  8. The emergence of Nervennahrung: Nerves, mind and metabolism in the long eighteenth century.

    PubMed

    Stahnisch, Frank W

    2012-06-01

    Morphological assumptions concerning the form, structure and internal life of the brain and nervous system profoundly influenced contemporary physiological concepts about nerve actions throughout the 'long eighteenth century'. This article investigates some early theories of mind and metabolism. In a bottom-up fashion, it asks how eighteenth-century theories regarding the physiological actions of the body organs shaped the conceptions of the structure of the brain and nervous tissue themselves. These proposed that a healthy Nervennahrung (the German word for 'nerve nutrition', which might be rendered as brain food in modern English), not only guaranteed the integrity and stability of neuronal structures in the body, but also explained the complex texture of the brain and spinal cord in physiological terms. Eighteenth-century nerve theories already embodied a Leitmotiv of neurology and brain psychiatry from the later nineteenth century: 'Without phosphorus there is no thought!' Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. Relative sea-level variability recorded by coral microatolls over the past centuries in the Ryukyu arc

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nathalie, F.; Weil-Accardo, J.; Satake, K.; Goto, T.; Kayanne, H.; Saurel, J. M. M.; Ramos, N. T.; Harada, T.; Goto, K.; Sowa, K.; Nakamura, M.

    2017-12-01

    Studies on coral microatolls along subduction zones brought new insights about megathrust behaviour and seismic potential, sometimes in disagreement with seismic coupling estimated with usual geodetic tools. Whereas few M8+ earthquakes, whose origin is poorly constrained, were reported along the Ryukyu arc over the past 350 years, the GPS data imply a low coupling rate along the trench and little is known about the Ryukyu megathrust behavior at the intermediate century scale. We started to investigate coral microatolls in this region to reconstruct the relative sea-level (RSL) changes due to tectonics and climates over several centuries. We identified plenty of microatolls along the arc, with variable morphology from cup-shaped corals indicating submergence at Ie-jima to hat-shaped corals indicating emergence at Yoron. We measured and sampled living microatolls in Okinawa, and in Yoron, as well as an 8-m-diameter fossil microatoll in Yoron that died about 50 years ago according to U-Th dating. From the living microatolls, we reconstructed the RSL changes over the last century while about three centuries of record are inferred from the fossil microatoll of Yoron. In Okinawa, we determined a major submergence trend of about 7 mm/yr, which started around 1906 then followed by a slight emergence trend of 1 mm/yr over the last 55 years. In Yoron, the corals recorded periods of emergence, alternating with periods of submergence since 1928. The fossil microatoll in Yoron recorded a similar alternation of submergence and emergence over the last four decades of its record (better preserved from erosion). The satellite altimetry indicates a homogeneous regional sea-level rise in the Ryukyus of 3 mm/yr since at least 1992 (probably since 1950 from sea-level reconstructions) that contrasts with RSL changes recorded by the microatolls of Yoron and Okinawa and with the morphology variability observed among microatolls. This regional sea-level variability is supported by the six

  10. Physics in the Twentieth Century

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Weisskopf, Victor F.

    1970-01-01

    Provides a review of the great discoveries, theoretical concepts and development of physics in the 20th century. The growth and significance of diverse fields such as quantum theory, relativity theory, atomic physics, molecular physics, the physics of the solid state, nuclear physics, astrophysics, plasma physics, and particle physics are…

  11. Global health diplomacy in Iraq: international relations outcomes of multilateral tuberculosis programmes.

    PubMed

    Kevany, Sebastian; Jaf, Payman; Workneh, Nibretie Gobezie; Abu Dalod, Mohammad; Tabena, Mohammed; Rashid, Sara; Al Hilfi, Thamer Kadum Yousif

    2014-01-01

    International development programmes, including global health interventions, have the capacity to make important implicit and explicit benefits to diplomatic and international relations outcomes. Conversely, in the absence of awareness of these implications, such programmes may generate associated threats. Due to heightened international tensions in conflict and post-conflict settings, greater attention to diplomatic outcomes may therefore be necessary. We examine related 'collateral' effects of Global Fund-supported tuberculosis programmes in Iraq. During site visits to Iraq conducted during 2012 and 2013 on behalf of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, on-site service delivery evaluations, unstructured interviews with clinical and operational staff, and programme documentary review of Global Fund-supported tuberculosis treatment and care programmes were conducted. During this process, a range of possible external or collateral international relations and diplomatic effects of global health programmes were assessed according to predetermined criteria. A range of positive diplomatic and international relations effects of Global Fund-supported programmes were observed in the Iraq setting. These included (1) geo-strategic accessibility and coverage; (2) provisions for programme sustainability and alignment; (3) contributions to nation-building and peace-keeping initiatives; (4) consistent observation of social, cultural and religious norms in intervention selection; and (5) selection of the most effective and cost-effective tuberculosis treatment and care interventions. Investments in global health programmes have valuable diplomatic, as well as health-related, outcomes, associated with their potential to prevent, mitigate or reverse international tension and hostility in conflict and post-conflict settings, provided that they adhere to appropriate criteria. The associated international presence in such regions may also contribute to peace

  12. A Case Study of 21st Century Skills Programs and Practices

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McLachlan, Kurt

    2012-01-01

    Skills, such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and innovation are necessary for the 21st Century. The economy and the forums of international business and globalization demand skilled workers. Some schools in the United States are producing such workers, however it is unclear the programs and practices these schools utilize. This study…

  13. 21st Century Community Learning Centers Descriptive Study of Program Practices

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Penuel, William R.; McGhee, Raymond, Jr.

    2010-01-01

    In 2004, the U.S. Department of Education's Policy and Program Studies Service contracted with SRI International and its partner, Policy Studies Associates, to undertake an evaluation of the 21st Century Community Learning Centers. The following evaluation questions informed this study: (1) What is the nature of activities in centers that are…

  14. Differences in gluten protein composition between old and modern durum wheat genotypes in relation to 20th century breeding in Italy.

    PubMed

    De Santis, Michele A; Giuliani, Marcella M; Giuzio, Luigia; De Vita, Pasquale; Lovegrove, Alison; Shewry, Peter R; Flagella, Zina

    2017-07-01

    The impact of breeding on grain yields of wheat varieties released during the 20th century has been extensively studied, whereas less information is available on the changes in gluten quality associated with effects on the amount and composition of glutenins and gliadins. In order to explore the effects of breeding during the 20th century on gluten quality of durum wheat for processing and health we have compared a set of old and modern Italian genotypes grown under Mediterranean conditions. The better technological performance observed for the modern varieties was found to be due not only to the introgression of superior alleles of high (HMW-GS) and low molecular weight (LMW-GS) glutenin subunits encoded at Glu-B1 and Glu-B3 loci , but also to differential expression of specific storage proteins. In particular, the higher gluten index observed in modern genotypes was correlated with an increased glutenin/gliadin ratio and the expression of B-type LMW-GS which was, on average, two times higher in the modern than in the old group of durum wheat genotypes. By contrast, no significant differences were found between old and modern durum wheat genotypes in relation to the expression of α-type and γ-type gliadins which are major fractions that trigger coeliac disease (CD) in susceptible individuals. Furthermore, a drastic decrease was observed in the expression of ω-type gliadins in the modern genotypes, mainly ω-5 gliadin (also known as Tri a 19) which is a major allergen in wheat dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA). Immunological and 2DE SDS-PAGE analyses indicated that these differences could be related either to a general down-regulation or to differences in numbers of isoforms. Lower rainfall during grain filling period was related to overall higher expression of HMW-GS and ω-gliadins. In conclusion, breeding activity carried out in Italy during the 20th century appears to have improved durum wheat gluten quality, both in relation to technological

  15. Which Preparatory Curriculum for the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme Is Best? The Challenge for International Schools with Regard to Mathematics and Science

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Corlu, M. Sencer

    2014-01-01

    There are two mainstream curricula for international school students at the junior high level: the International Baccalaureate (IB) Middle Years Programme (MYP) and the Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE). The former was developed in the mid-1990s and is currently being relaunched in a 21st-century approach.…

  16. What Did It Look Like Then? Eighteenth Century Architectural Elements.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Taylor, Joshua, Jr.

    Designed primarily for use in the intermediate grades, the teaching unit provides 11 lessons and related activities for teaching students to look at colonial architectural elements as a means of learning about 18th century lifestyles. Although the unit relies upon resources available in Alexandria and Arlington, Virginia, other 18th century cities…

  17. Catholic Church and State Relations in French Education in the Nineteenth Century: The Struggle between "Laïcité" and Religion

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Doyle, Ann Margaret

    2017-01-01

    This article traces the conflicts and compromises between the Catholic Church and the French state and the struggle for dominance in education between these two forces during the nineteenth century. It explores their varying relations up to the law of separation in 1905. It also poses the question as to why a country traditionally wedded to…

  18. The Internal Voices of Invention: Shaftesbury's Soliloquy.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Griffin, Susan

    Anthony Ashley Cooper, the third Earl of Shaftesbury and eighteenth century essayist, offered an important piece of advice to writers--talk to yourself. Some composition texts still recommend various forms of internal dialogue as a means of constructing prophetic argument or internalizing a critical voice, but current instructional emphasis has…

  19. NATO’s Relevance in the Twenty-First Century

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-03-22

    reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching...5d. PROJECT NUMBER Colonel John K. Jones 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES...Christopher Coker, Globalisation and Insecurity in the Twenty-first Century: NATO and the Management of Risk (The International Institute for Strategic

  20. The Figure 8 Model of International Relations

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-05-22

    the late 1970s and the early 1980s because less developed countries borrowed heavily from commercial banks, making them extremely vulnerable to the...about world events.3 In order to better understand the international relations system, the author developed the Figure 8 Model. This model is first... countries . And poverty seemed all the more severe when compared with the incredible power available to create new wealth.36 Economic interdependence was

  1. Association Between Internalized HIV-Related Stigma and HIV Care Visit Adherence.

    PubMed

    Rice, Whitney S; Crockett, Kaylee B; Mugavero, Michael J; Raper, James L; Atkins, Ghislaine C; Turan, Bulent

    2017-12-15

    Internalized HIV-related stigma acts as a barrier to antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, but its effects on other HIV care continuum outcomes are unclear. Among 196 HIV clinic patients in Birmingham, AL, we assessed internalized HIV-related stigma and depressive symptom severity using validated multi-item scales and assessed ART adherence using a validated single-item measure. HIV visit adherence (attended out of total scheduled visits) was calculated using data from clinic records. Using covariate-adjusted regression analysis, we investigated the association between internalized stigma and visit adherence. Using path analytic methods with bootstrapping, we tested the mediating role of depressive symptoms in the association between internalized stigma and visit adherence and the mediating role of visit adherence in the association between internalized stigma and ART adherence. Higher internalized stigma was associated with lower visit adherence (B = -0.04, P = 0.04). Black (versus white) race and depressive symptoms were other significant predictors within this model. Mediation analysis yielded no indirect effect through depression in the association between internalized stigma and visit adherence (B = -0.18, SE = 0.11, 95% confidence interval: -0.44 to -0.02) in the whole sample. Supplemental mediated moderation analyses revealed gender-specific effects. Additionally, the effect of internalized stigma on suboptimal ART adherence was mediated by lower visit adherence (B = -0.18, SE = 0.11, 95% confidence interval: -0.44 to -0.02). Results highlight the importance of internalized HIV stigma to multiple and sequential HIV care continuum outcomes. Also, findings suggest multiple intervention targets, including addressing internalized stigma directly, reducing depressive symptoms, and promoting consistent engagement in care.

  2. ‘A Wicked Operation’? Tonsillectomy in Twentieth-Century Britain

    PubMed Central

    Dwyer-Hemmings, Louis

    2018-01-01

    Histories of twentieth-century surgery have focused on surgical ‘firsts’ – dramatic tales of revolutionary procedures. The history of tonsillectomy is less glamorous, but more widespread, representing the experience and understanding of medicine for hundreds of children, parents and surgeons daily. At the start of the twentieth century, tonsillectomy was routine – performed on at least 80 000 schoolchildren each year in Britain. However, by the 1980s, public and professional discourse condemned the operation as a ‘dangerous fad’. This profound shift in the medical, political and social position of tonsillectomy rested upon several factors: changes in the organisation of medical institutions and national health care; changes in medical technologies and the criteria by which they are judged; the political, cultural and economic context of Britain; and the social role of the patient. Tonsillectomy was not a mere passive subject of external influences, but became a potent concept in medical, political, and social discourse. Therefore, it reciprocally influenced these discourses and subsequently the development of twentieth-century British medicine. These complex interactions between ‘medical’ and ‘non-medical’ spheres question the possibility of demarcating what is internal from what is external to medicine. PMID:29553012

  3. Notes on Political Philosophy and Contemporary International Relations.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mahoney, Daniel

    1987-01-01

    Describes the post World War II development of the discipline of international relations, stating that it helped reinvigorate interest in the tradition of political philosophy. Examines shortcomings, such as its division into realist and idealist camps, and discusses the works and ideologies of people such as Morgenthau, Aron, and Beitz. (GEA)

  4. Bridging international relations and disaster studies: the case of disaster-conflict scholarship.

    PubMed

    Hollis, Simon

    2018-01-01

    International relations and disaster studies have much to gain by thinking critically about their respective theoretical and epistemological assumptions. Yet, few studies to date have sought to assess the potential value of linking these two disciplines. This paper begins to address this shortfall by examining the relationship between disasters and conflict as a research sphere that intersects international relations and disaster studies. Through an analysis of whether or not disasters contribute to intra-national and international conflict, this paper not only provides a review of the state of the art, but also serves to invite scholars to reflect on related concepts from other fields to strengthen their own approaches to the study of disasters in an international setting. An evaluation of the conceptual and theoretical contributions of each subject area provides useful heuristics for the development of disaster-conflict scholarship and encourages alternative modes of knowledge production through interdisciplinarity. © 2018 The Author(s). Disasters © Overseas Development Institute, 2018.

  5. National states and international science: A comparative history of international science congresses in Hitler's Germany, Stalin's Russia, and cold war United States.

    PubMed

    Doel, Ronald E; Hoffmann, Dieter; Krementsov, Nikolai

    2005-01-01

    Prior studies of modern scientific internationalism have been written primarily from the point of view of scientists, with little regard to the influence of the state. This study examines the state's role in international scientific relations. States sometimes encouraged scientific internationalism; in the mid-twentieth century, they often sought to restrict it. The present study examines state involvement in international scientific congresses, the primary intersection between the national and international dimensions of scientists' activities. Here we examine three comparative instances in which such restrictions affected scientific internationalism: an attempt to bring an international aerodynamics congress to Nazi Germany in the late 1930s, unsuccessful efforts by Soviet geneticists to host the Seventh International Genetics Congress in Moscow in 1937, and efforts by U.S. scientists to host international meetings in 1950s cold war America. These case studies challenge the classical ideology of scientific internationalism, wherein participation by a nation in a scientist's fame spares the scientist conflict between advancing his science and advancing the interests of his nation. In the cases we consider, scientists found it difficult to simultaneously support scientific universalism and elitist practices. Interest in these congresses reached the top levels of the state, and access to patronage beyond state control helped determine their outcomes.

  6. Mirrored changes in Antarctic ozone and stratospheric temperature in the late 20th versus early 21st centuries

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Solomon, Susan; Ivy, Diane; Gupta, Mukund; Bandoro, Justin; Santer, Benjamin; Fu, Qiang; Lin, Pu; Garcia, Rolando R.; Kinnison, Doug; Mills, Michael

    2017-08-01

    Observed and modeled patterns of lower stratospheric seasonal trends in Antarctic ozone and temperature in the late 20th (1979-2000) and the early 21st (2000-2014) centuries are compared. Patterns of pre-2000 observed Antarctic ozone decreases and stratospheric cooling as a function of month and pressure are followed by opposite-signed (i.e., "mirrored") patterns of ozone increases and warming post-2000. An interactive chemistry-climate model forced by changes in anthropogenic ozone depleting substances produces broadly similar mirrored features. Statistical analysis of unforced model simulations (from long-term model control simulations of a few centuries up to 1000 years) suggests that internal and solar natural variability alone is unable to account for the pattern of observed ozone trend mirroring, implying that forcing is the dominant driver of this behavior. Radiative calculations indicate that ozone increases have contributed to Antarctic warming of the lower stratosphere over 2000-2014, but dynamical changes that are likely due to internal variability over this relatively short period also appear to be important. Overall, the results support the recent finding that the healing of the Antarctic ozone hole is underway and that coupling between dynamics, chemistry, and radiation is important for a full understanding of the causes of observed stratospheric temperature and ozone changes.

  7. Curriculum for the 21st Century.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pratt, David

    1983-01-01

    Urges reconsideration of educational ends. Suggests eight curriculum principles that can help Canadian schools move into the next century. Explains six educational needs roughly based on Maslow's hierarchy (aesthetic needs, need for meaning, self-actualization, self-concept, social needs, need for survival) and relates them to curriculum…

  8. [On human morphological studies in New Spain and in Mexico of nineteenth century].

    PubMed

    de Micheli, Alfredo; Izaguirre-Avila, Raúl

    2007-01-01

    The renewed anatomical studies reached a culmination in the XVI century allowing the discovery of the pulmonary blood circulation and later of the systemic blood circulation. The XVII century saw the coming of microscopic anatomy and the XVIII witness the systematization of pathological anatomy. These studies will be impelled during following century toward the clinical-anatomical comparison. Regarding to America, the anatomical studies began in New Spain, when the first textbooks of anatomy, surgery and physiology were published. The first anatomy chair was established in 1621 at the Royal and Papal University of Mexico. The teaching of anatomy was modernized, making that more practical, at the Royal School of Surgery, which began to function in 1770. In the Establishment of Medical Sciences, founded in 1833, surgery was incorporated to internal medicine. This fact permitted to unify the anatomical teaching. If on examines the lists of textbooks utilized in the different periods, it comes out that these books belonged with the contemporaneous advances of science. This consideration concerns also the receptional thesis presented to Faculty of Medicine during the XIX century.

  9. The Environment in International Relations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Young, Oran R.

    2009-11-01

    In this lucid and well-organized text, Kate O'Neill provides a survey of current thinking in the field of international environmental politics. To make her effort manageable, she approaches this task as an analysis of the “politics of global environmental governance” (p. 1). This approach has the effect of orienting the survey toward research on efforts to develop cooperative and lasting solutions to a variety of environmental problems. The downside of this approach is a relative lack of emphasis on various forms of environmental conflict that lead to outcomes such as growth in the number of environmental refugees and the destruction of important ecosystems. But the virtue of the decision to focus on environmental governance is that it provides a coherent and easily understandable framework for the chapters that follow.

  10. Democratisation and its impact on international relations.

    PubMed

    Akhmedov, K

    2000-06-01

    Democracy has spread globally, with 65 countries having undergone the democratization process at the end of 1990. This global trend toward democracy is gratifying to peoples everywhere who value freedom; however, it is also shadowed, fragile, and in need of support. A scholarly debate on the future of democratization process contains widely diverging views. One school of thought expects profoundly positive consequences from the spread of democracy; another completely rejects the importance of democracy for international relations. In terms of the advantages of democracy, it is noted that such a regime can modernize economies, improve social conditions, and integrate into the international community. In addition, it does not sponsor terrorism and war, and could be reliable and good partners in international trade and business. Several studies have rejected the idea that democracies are more peaceful than other regimes. Authoritarian regimes and their apologists claim that democracy is economically inefficient, and that in impoverished nations enlightened authoritarianism is a more effective means of generating economic growth. Overall, it could be said that democracy is a vague notion and is subject to wide interpretation. Making a distinction between the two arguments would require a more detailed analysis of regions of the world and some countries with specific peculiarities.

  11. Is There Any Physics After the End of the Nineteenth Century?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Aubrecht, Gordon J., II

    The twentieth century has witnessed a burst of discovery in physics unparalleled in human history. Despite the fact that general relativity and quantum mechanics are well over half a century old, introductory physics classes in high schools, colleges, and universities essentially ignore them. These two seminal ideas, the phenomena of…

  12. 36 CFR § 902.52 - Records related solely to internal personnel rules and practices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Corporation Records § 902.52 Records related solely to internal personnel rules and practices. (a) Records... hiring, training, promotion, demotion, and discharge of employees, and management plans, records, or... protection of any record related to internal personnel rules and practices dealing with the relations between...

  13. African American Career Aspirations: Examining the Relative Influence of Internalized Racism

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Brown, Danice L.; Segrist, Daniel

    2016-01-01

    The present study examined the relative influence of aspects of internalized racism on the career aspirations of a sample of African American adults. Participants (N = 315), ranging in age from 18 to 62 years, completed measures of internalized racism and career aspirations online. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to…

  14. THE HUMAN BEHAVIOR RATING SCALE-BRIEF: A TOOL TO MEASURE 21ST CENTURY SKILLS OF K-12 LEARNERS.

    PubMed

    Woods-Groves, Suzanne

    2015-06-01

    Currently there is a call for brief concise measurements to appraise relevant 21st century college readiness skills in K-12 learners. This study employed K-12 teachers' ratings for over 3,000 students for an existing 91-item rating scale, the Human Behavior Rating Scale, that measured the 21st century skills of persistence, curiosity, externalizing affect, internalizing affect, and cognition. Teachers' ratings for K-12 learners were used to develop a brief, concise, and manageable 30-item tool, the Human Behavior Rating Scale-Brief. Results yielded high internal consistency coefficients and inter-item correlations. The items were not biased with regard to student sex or race, and were supported through confirmatory factor analyses. In addition, when teachers' ratings were compared with students' academic and behavioral performance data, moderate to strong relationships were revealed. This study provided an essential first step in the development of a psychometrically sound, manageable, and brief tool to appraise 21st century skills in K-12 learners.

  15. Research-based Curricula in the Context of 21st Century Data Science

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fox, P. A.

    2017-12-01

    When the Informatics revolution began again a little more than 10 years ago (longer for bio-informatics) geosciences (or Earth and Space Sciences) was paying attention via international attention from the Electronic Geophysical Year (eGY) and related endeavours (IPY, IYPE, IHY). The research agenda was in the spotlight, or moreso what Earth and Space Science informatics, cast in emergent escience or cyber-infrastructures, could benefit from was the main focus of attention and funding. At the time almost all "Xinformatics" efforts were novel in their discipline or traditionally defined. However, a broader research and education agenda was clearly needed. At the same time, a much more cross-disciplinary field; data science emerged. In this presentation, we relate the development, delivery and assessment of research oriented informatics, data science and their specializations into geoscience education in generak and as undertaken at RPI over the last nine years. We conclude with a longitudinal view of the impacts on career paths in the 21st century

  16. Developing Skills for Youth in the 21st Century: The Role of Elite International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme Schools in China

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wright, Ewan; Lee, Moosung

    2014-01-01

    There is a growing body of research suggesting that schools need to respond to changing social and economic dynamics by prioritising "21st-century skills". Proponents of this view, who have been termed "the 21st century skills movement", have called for greater emphasis on cognitive and non-cognitive skills development,…

  17. 21st Century Climate Change in the European Alps

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gobiet, Andreas; Kotlarski, Sven; Stoffel, Markus; Heinrich, Georg; Rajczak, Jan; Beniston, Martin

    2014-05-01

    The Alps are particularly sensitive to global warming and warmed twice as much as the global average in the recent past. In addition, the Alps and its surroundings are a densly populated areas where society is affected by climate change in many ways, which calls for reliable estimates of future climate change. However, the complex Alpine region poses considerable challenges to climate models, which translate to uncertainties in future climate projections. Against this background, the present study reviews the state-of-knowledge about 21st century climate change in the Alps based on existing literature and additional analyses. It will be demonstrated that considerable and accelerating changes are not only to be expected with regard to temperature, but also precipitation, global radiation, relative humidity, and closely related impacts like floods, droughts, snow cover, and natural hazards will be effected by global warming. Under the A1B emission scenario, about 0.25 °C warming per decade until the mid of the 21st century and accelerated 0.36 °C warming per decade in the second half of the century is expected. Warming will most probably be associated with changes in the seasonality of precipitation, global radiation, and relative humidity. More intense precipitation extremes and flooding potential are particularly expected in the colder part of the year. The conditions of currently record breaking warm or hot winter or summer seasons, respectively, may become normal at the end of the 21st century, and there is indication for droughts to become more severe in the future. Snow cover is expected to drastically decrease below 1500 - 2000 m and natural hazards related to glacier and permafrost retreat are expected to become more frequent. Such changes in climatic variables and related quantities will have considerable impact on ecosystems and society and will challenge their adaptive capabilities. Acknowledgements: This study has been initiated and is partly funded by

  18. Internationally coordinated glacier monitoring - a timeline since 1894

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nussbaumer, Samuel U.; Armstrong, Richard; Fetterer, Florence; Gärtner-Roer, Isabelle; Hoelzle, Martin; Machguth, Horst; Mölg, Nico; Paul, Frank; Raup, Bruce H.; Zemp, Michael

    2016-04-01

    Changes in glaciers and ice caps provide some of the clearest evidence of climate change, with impacts on sea-level variations, regional hydrological cycles, and natural hazard situations. Therefore, glaciers have been recognized as an Essential Climate Variable (ECV). Internationally coordinated collection and distribution of standardized information about the state and change of glaciers and ice caps was initiated in 1894 and is today organized within the Global Terrestrial Network for Glaciers (GTN-G). GTN-G ensures the continuous development and adaptation of the international strategies to the long-term needs of users in science and policy. A GTN-G Steering Committee coordinates, supports and advices the operational bodies responsible for the international glacier monitoring, which are the World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS), the US National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), and the Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) initiative. In this presentation, we trace the development of the internationally coordinated glacier monitoring since its beginning in the 19th century. Today, several online databases containing a wealth of diverse data types with different levels of detail and global coverage provide fast access to continuously updated information on glacier fluctuation and inventory data. All glacier datasets are made freely available through the respective operational bodies within GTN-G, and can be accessed through the GTN-G Global Glacier Browser (http://www.gtn-g.org/data_browser.html). Glacier inventory data (e.g., digital outlines) are available for about 180,000 glaciers (GLIMS database, RGI - Randolph Glacier Inventory, WGI - World Glacier Inventory). Glacier front variations with about 45,000 entries since the 17th century and about 6,200 glaciological and geodetic mass (volume) change observations dating back to the 19th century are available in the Fluctuations of Glaciers (FoG) database. These datasets reveal clear evidence that

  19. Impacts of climate change and internal climate variability on french rivers streamflows

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dayon, Gildas; Boé, Julien; Martin, Eric

    2016-04-01

    The assessment of the impacts of climate change often requires to set up long chains of modeling, from the model to estimate the future concentration of greenhouse gases to the impact model. Throughout the modeling chain, sources of uncertainty accumulate making the exploitation of results for the development of adaptation strategies difficult. It is proposed here to assess the impacts of climate change on the hydrological cycle over France and the associated uncertainties. The contribution of the uncertainties from greenhouse gases emission scenario, climate models and internal variability are addressed in this work. To have a large ensemble of climate simulations, the study is based on Global Climate Models (GCM) simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Phase 5 (CMIP5), including several simulations from the same GCM to properly assess uncertainties from internal climate variability. Simulations from the four Radiative Concentration Pathway (RCP) are downscaled with a statistical method developed in a previous study (Dayon et al. 2015). The hydrological system Isba-Modcou is then driven by the downscaling results on a 8 km grid over France. Isba is a land surface model that calculates the energy and water balance and Modcou a hydrogeological model that routes the surface runoff given by Isba. Based on that framework, uncertainties uncertainties from greenhouse gases emission scenario, climate models and climate internal variability are evaluated. Their relative importance is described for the next decades and the end of this century. In a last part, uncertainties due to internal climate variability on streamflows simulated with downscaled GCM and Isba-Modcou are evaluated against observations and hydrological reconstructions on the whole 20th century. Hydrological reconstructions are based on the downscaling of recent atmospheric reanalyses of the 20th century and observations of temperature and precipitation. We show that the multi-decadal variability

  20. Construction of a century solar chromosphere data set for solar activity related research

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lin, Ganghua; Wang, Xiao Fan; Yang, Xiao; Liu, Suo; Zhang, Mei; Wang, Haimin; Liu, Chang; Xu, Yan; Tlatov, Andrey; Demidov, Mihail; Borovik, Aleksandr; Golovko, Aleksey

    2017-06-01

    This article introduces our ongoing project "Construction of a Century Solar Chromosphere Data Set for Solar Activity Related Research". Solar activities are the major sources of space weather that affects human lives. Some of the serious space weather consequences, for instance, include interruption of space communication and navigation, compromising the safety of astronauts and satellites, and damaging power grids. Therefore, the solar activity research has both scientific and social impacts. The major database is built up from digitized and standardized film data obtained by several observatories around the world and covers a time span of more than 100 years. After careful calibration, we will develop feature extraction and data mining tools and provide them together with the comprehensive database for the astronomical community. Our final goal is to address several physical issues: filament behavior in solar cycles, abnormal behavior of solar cycle 24, large-scale solar eruptions, and sympathetic remote brightenings. Significant signs of progress are expected in data mining algorithms and software development, which will benefit the scientific analysis and eventually advance our understanding of solar cycles.

  1. Female Education and the Cultural Transfer of Pedagogical Knowledge in the Eighteenth Century

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mayer, Christine

    2012-01-01

    In the eighteenth century, the German pedagogical discourse took place within the broader framework of an international circulation of pedagogical concepts and ideas. The trans-cultural nature of these intellectual exchanges is particularly evident in the thoughts and writings on female education. Translations of books and essays played a…

  2. Communicable disease-related sudden death in the 21st century in Nigeria

    PubMed Central

    Akinwusi, Patience Olayinka; Komolafe, Akinwumi Oluwole; Olayemi, Olanrewaju Olayinka; Adeomi, Adeleye Abiodun

    2013-01-01

    Background Some cases of sudden death (SD) have been attributed to communicable diseases (CD) in middle- and low-income countries of the world even in this 21st century. CDs produce clinical symptoms and signs over several days before culminating in death. They are also amenable to treatment with antimicrobials if affected persons present early. We sought to find out the incidence of CD-related SD at the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital (Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria) – a tertiary health facility in southwest Nigeria – and the prevailing associated factors. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of CD-related SD in adult patients aged 18 years and older that occurred from January 2003 to December 2011. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16 was used for analysis of the generated data. Percentages and frequencies were calculated. Results There were 17 (39.6%) CD-related SDs out of the 48 cases of SD studied. CD-related SD also accounted for 2.4% of all adult medical admissions. The mean age of the patients was 37.6 ± 11.6 years, age range of 25–62 years, mode of 25 years, and median 34 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.8:1. Typhoid sepsis was responsible for SD in 47.1% of patients, pulmonary tuberculosis in 17.7% of patients, and lobar pneumonia in 17.7% of patients. The most affected age group was the 20–29-year-old group (41.2%), while the unskilled occupational group was the most affected occupational group with 35.3% of them having SD. Most of the patients with acute bacterial infection died of multiple organ failure. Conclusion There is an urgent need to step up public health strategies to curtail infections in this environment, encourage better use of the existing health facilities by the people, and the government should strive hard to make health a top priority. PMID:24124382

  3. Unwelcome Stranger to the System: Vocational Education in Early Twentieth-Century China

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Schulte, Barbara

    2013-01-01

    Both in China and internationally, educators and policy makers claim that vocational education and training (VET) is essential for the sound economic development of a country and the physical and social well-being of its population. However, China looks back upon a century-long history of rejection when it comes to popularising VET, despite…

  4. Internal Evaluation a Quarter-Century Later: A Conversation with Arnold J. Love

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Volkov, Boris B.

    2011-01-01

    This chapter features a recent conversation with Dr. Arnold J. Love, a long-time proponent of internal evaluation and one of the most cited internal evaluation authors. In 1983, Love edited the first issue of "New Directions for Program Evaluation" on the topic of internal evaluation. He is the author of the book "Internal…

  5. Doing Psychology With a Cultural Lens: A Half-Century Journey.

    PubMed

    Kagitcibasi, Cigdem

    2017-09-01

    My first international publication started out with the following sentences: "Some findings of social psychology may refer to general panhuman relationships, others to relationships that hold only within specific socio-cultural settings. Only systematic cross-cultural comparison can separate these or identify the limits within which particular generalizations hold" (Kagitcibasi, 1970, p. 444). These words still reflect my orientation to psychology and have shaped my work over half a century.

  6. Breakdown of NAO reproducibility into internal versus externally-forced components: a two-tier pilot study

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Douville, Hervé; Ribes, A.; Tyteca, S.

    2018-03-01

    Assessing the ability of atmospheric models to capture observed climate variations when driven by observed sea surface temperature (SST), sea ice concentration (SIC) and radiative forcings is a prerequisite for the feasibility of near term climate predictions. Here we achieve ensembles of global atmospheric simulations to assess and attribute the reproducibility of the boreal winter atmospheric circulation against the European Centre for Medium Range Forecasts (ECMWF) twentieth century reanalysis (ERA20C). Our control experiment is driven by the observed SST/SIC from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project. It is compared to a similar ensemble performed with the ECMWF model as a first step toward ERA20C. Moreover, a two-tier methodology is used to disentangle externally-forced versus internal variations in the observed SST/SIC boundary conditions and run additional ensembles allowing us to attribute the observed atmospheric variability. The focus is mainly on the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) variability which is more reproducible in our model than in the ECMWF model. This result is partly due to the simulation of a positive NAO trend across the full 1920-2014 integration period. In line with former studies, this trend might be mediated by a circumglobal teleconnection mechanism triggered by increasing precipitation over the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO). Surprisingly, this response is mainly related to the internal SST variability and is not found in the ECMWF model driven by an alternative SST dataset showing a weaker TIO warming in the first half of the twentieth century. Our results may reconcile the twentieth century observations with the twenty-first century projections of the NAO. They should be however considered with caution given the limited size of our ensembles, the possible influence of other sources of NAO variability, and the uncertainties in the tropical SST trend and breakdown between internal versus externally-forced variability.

  7. [Periodization of international spread of acupuncture-moxibustion and their characteristics at each period].

    PubMed

    Bai, Xing-hua

    2014-11-01

    The history of international spread of Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion is divided into three sta ges in this paper, and the spreading characteristics are analyzed. The first stage is approximately from the 6th century to the end of the 15th century, during which acupuncture and moxibustion were spread to neighboring countries by personnel exchanges; the spread towards Korean peninsula, Japan and Vietnam was considered the most successful communication. The second stage lasts from the beginning of 16th century to 1970. At the early time of this stage, the employees of the Dutch East Indian Company introduced acupuncture and moxibustion to European countries through Indonesia and Japan, leading to a short and small fashion; also the United States and Australia were involved. At the late time of this stage, by medical aid teams dispatched by China government, acupuncture and moxibustion were introduced to African countries. The third stage starts from 1971. With the establishment of Sino-US diplomatic relations as an opportunity, acupuncture and moxibustion were being spread rapidly to the world through radio, TV and internet. So far it has been introduced to more than 140 countries and areas. Performing serious studies on the spreading characteristics of three stages will promote the international communication of acupuncture and moxibustion, by which the world will have a better understanding onthe broad and profound traditional cultures of China.

  8. Standards for the 21st-Century Learner: Comparisons with NETS and State Standards

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pappas, Marjorie

    2008-01-01

    The American Association of School Librarians (AASL) and the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) have both recently launched new standards. These are known as the "AASL Standards for the 21st-Century Learner" and "The National Educational Technology Standards for Students: The Next Generation" (NETS). The standards from each…

  9. Life Designing: A Paradigm for Career Construction in the 21st Century

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Savickas, Mark L.; Nota, Laura; Rossier, Jerome; Dauwalder, Jean-Pierre; Duarte, Maria Eduarda; Guichard, Jean; Soresi, Salvatore; Van Esbroeck, Raoul; van Vianen, Annelies E. M.

    2009-01-01

    At the beginning of the 21st century, a new social arrangement of work poses a series of questions and challenges to scholars who aim to help people develop their working lives. Given the globalization of career counseling, we decided to address these issues and then to formulate potentially innovative responses in an international forum. We used…

  10. Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern International Relations Monograph Series. Patterns of Cooperation: Relative Status-Field Theory, TT Actors.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Vincent, Jack E.

    This monograph presents findings from an analysis of data on international cooperation over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their power in analyzing international relations, this monograph reports on the testing of relative status field theory on WEIS conflict data for 1966-1969…

  11. The Challenge To Be Relevant in the 21st Century: Abstracts and Full Text Documents of Papers and Demos Given at the [International Association of Technological University Libraries] IATUL Conference (Pretoria, South Africa, June 1-5, 1998), Volume 18.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    International Association of Technological Univ. Libraries, Gothenburg (Sweden).

    This proceedings of the 1998 conference of the International Association of Technological University Libraries (IATUL) contains the full text of the following papers: "A Library Ready for 21st Century Services: The Case of the University of Science and Technology (UST) Library, Kumasi, Ghana" (Helena Rebecca Asamoah-Hassan);…

  12. Human Hookworm Infection in the 21st Century

    PubMed Central

    Brooker, Simon; Bethony, Jeffrey; Hotez, Peter J.

    2008-01-01

    The scientific study of human hookworm infection began at the dawn of the twentieth century. In recent years, there have been dramatic improvements in our understanding of many aspects of this globally widespread parasite. This article reviews recent advances in our understanding in the biology, immunology, epidemiology, public health significance and control of hookworm, and to look forward to the study of this important parasite in the 21st century. Advances in molecular biology has lead to the identification of a variety of new molecules from hookworms, which have importance either in the molecular pathogenesis of hookworm infection or in the host-parasite relationship; some are also promising vaccine targets. At present, relatively little is known about the immune responses to hookworm infection, although it has recently been speculated that hookworm and other helminths may modulate specific immune responses to other pathogens and vaccines. Our epidemiological understanding of hookworm has improved through the development of mathematical models of transmission dynamics, which coupled with decades of field research across mutliple epidemiological settings, have shown that certain population characteristics can now be recognised as common to the epidemiology, population biology and control of hookworm and other helminth species. Recent recognition of the subtle, but significant, impact of hookworm on health and education, together with the simplicity, safety, low cost, and efficacy of chemotherapy has spurred international efforts to control the morbidity due to infection. Large-scale treatment programmes are currently underway, supported by health education and integrated with the provision of improved water and sanitation. There are also efforts underway to develop novel anthelmintic drugs and anti-hookworm vaccines. PMID:15603764

  13. School Psychology: How Universal Are Ethical Principles Approved by International Associations?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pettifor, Jean L.

    2004-01-01

    Globalization is a dominant issue in all aspects of business and professional activities in the 21st Century. The International School Psychology Association and the International Test Commission have adopted ethics and competency guidelines to raise the standards of practice for their members. Other international organizations are doing likewise.…

  14. Linking Large-Scale Reading Assessments: Measuring International Trends over 40 Years

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Strietholt, Rolf; Rosén, Monica

    2016-01-01

    Since the start of the new millennium, international comparative large-scale studies have become one of the most well-known areas in the field of education. However, the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) has already been conducting international comparative studies for about half a century. The present…

  15. International Dimension in Engineering Education

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Borri, C.; Guberti, E.; Melsa, J.

    2007-01-01

    Engineers of the 21st century will spend appreciable portions of their careers in environments rich with global connections. Therefore, engineering colleges and universities must develop strategies that provide the global perspectives and international experiences that will help their graduates excel in this new world order. The current paper…

  16. Strategic Theory for the 21st Century: The Little Book on Big Strategy

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-02-01

    Theory for the 21st Century: The Little Book on Big Startegy 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT...to international norms. For the United States, this can be particularly problematic. U.S. liberal culture (free markets , equal opportunity, free

  17. International Wildfire Emergencies: Management in the 21st Century

    Treesearch

    Julia V. Taft; Robert W. Mutch

    1987-01-01

    The U.S. Government, through the U.S. Agency for International Development's Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA), responds to a wide variety of disasters throughout the world every year. These disasters range from "slow-moving" events like prolonged drought or plagues of grasshoppers and locusts to "fast-moving" threats to human...

  18. Mathematics Achievement and Anxiety and Their Relation to Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wu, Sarah S.; Willcutt, Erik G.; Escovar, Emily; Menon, Vinod

    2014-01-01

    Although behavioral difficulties are well documented in reading disabilities, little is known about the relationship between math ability and internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Here, we use standardized measures to investigate the relation among early math ability, math anxiety, and internalizing and externalizing behaviors in a group of…

  19. Downscaling and hydrological uncertainties in 20th century hydrometeorological reconstructions over France

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Vidal, Jean-Philippe; Caillouet, Laurie; Dayon, Gildas; Boé, Julien; Sauquet, Eric; Thirel, Guillaume; Graff, Benjamin

    2017-04-01

    The record length of streamflow observations is generally limited to the last 50 years, which is not enough to properly explore the natural hydrometeorological variability, a key to better understand the effects of anthropogenic climate change. This work proposes a comparison of different hydrometeorological reconstruction datasets over France built on the downscaling of the NOAA 20th century global extended reanalysis (20CR, Compo et al., 2011). It aims at assessing the uncertainties related to these reconstructions and improving our knowledge of the multi-decadal hydrometeorological variability over the 20th century. High-resolution daily meteorological reconstructions over the period 1871-2012 are obtained with two statistical downscaling methods based on the analogue approach: the deterministic ANALOG method (Dayon et al., 2015) and the probabilistic SCOPE method (Caillouet et al., 2016). These reconstructions are then used as forcings for the GR6J lumped conceptual rainfall-runoff model and the SIM physically-based distributed hydrological model, in order to derive daily streamflow reconstructions over a set of around 70 reference near-natural catchments. Results show a large multi-decadal streamflow variability over the last 140 years, which is however relatively consistent over France. Empirical estimates of three types of uncertainty - structure of the downscaling method, small-scale internal variability, and hydrological model structure - show roughly equal contributions to the streamflow uncertainty at the annual time scale, with values as high as 20% of the interannual mean. Caillouet, L., Vidal, J.-P., Sauquet, E., and Graff, B.: Probabilistic precipitation and temperature downscaling of the Twentieth Century Reanalysis over France, Clim. Past, 12, 635-662, doi:10.5194/cp-12-635-2016, 2016. Compo, G. P., Whitaker, J. S., Sardeshmukh, P. D., Matsui, N., Allan, R. J., Yin, X., Gleason, B. E., Vose, R. S., Rutledge, G., Bessemoulin, P., Brönnimann, S

  20. Teaching International Economics and Trade--Concepts in International Relations

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Starbird, Caroline; DeBoer, Dale; Pettit, Jenny

    2004-01-01

    The purpose of this book is to introduce students to real-life issues in international economics. The sections of the book are: (1) The Advantages of Trade; (2) Judging NAFTA; (3) Does Globalization Benefit Poor Countries?; (4) Pocket Guide to International Financial Institutions; (5) What Do You Know about the WTO?; (6) Free Trade and Shifting…

  1. Nineteenth-Century World's Fairs as Accountability Systems: Scopic Systems, Audit Practices and Educational Data

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sobe, Noah W.; Boven, David T.

    2014-01-01

    Late-19th century World's Fairs constitute an important chapter in the history of educational accountability. International expositions allowed for educational systems and practices to be "audited" by lay and expert audiences. In this article we examine how World's Fair exhibitors sought to make visible educational practices and…

  2. Relation between internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors, and peer victimization among children with and without ADHD.

    PubMed

    Fogleman, Nicholas D; Leaberry, Kirsten D; Rosen, Paul J; Walerius, Danielle M; Slaughter, Kelly E

    2018-01-12

    The current study explored the concurrent and longitudinal association between internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors, and peer victimization among children with and without ADHD. Eighty children (42 ADHD, 38 non-ADHD) ages 8-12 participated in the present study conducted over a 6-month period. During the baseline session, parents completed a structured diagnostic interview and the Vanderbilt ADHD Parent Rating Scale to determine whether their child met criteria for ADHD, and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to assess their child's internalizing and externalizing behaviors; children completed the Perception of Peer Support Scale (PPSS) to assess experiences of peer victimization. At the 6-month follow-up session, parents completed the CBCL and children completed the PPSS. Concurrently, internalizing behaviors were associated with peer victimization among children with and without ADHD; ADHD moderated this relation, such that internalizing behaviors were more strongly related to peer victimization among children with ADHD. Longitudinally, internalizing behaviors at baseline predicted peer victimization at 6-month follow-up; however, further analyses demonstrated there was a covarying change in internalizing behaviors and peer victimization. These findings suggest internalizing behaviors are related to peer victimization concurrently, and over time, and are associated with increased risk for peer victimization in the presence of ADHD. Additionally, internalizing behaviors and peer victimization appear to share a dynamic relationship; that is, decreases in internalizing behaviors predict similar decreases in peer victimization. No significant relations were observed between externalizing behaviors and peer victimization. Implications and limitations are discussed.

  3. The relation between attachment, personality, internalizing, and externalizing dimensions in adolescents with borderline personality disorder.

    PubMed

    Ramos, Vera; Canta, Guilherme; de Castro, Filipa; Leal, Isabel

    2016-01-01

    The relation between attachment and personality features is an important field to explore in adolescent borderline personality disorder (BPD), and previous research has shown that personality features may be conceptualized within latent internalizing and externalizing dimensions. This cross-sectional study used a structural equation model to examine the association between the BPD participants' perception of attachment and personality features, mediated by the underlying internalizing/externalizing personality dimensions. Data were analyzed for 60 adolescents, ages 15 to 18 years, diagnosed with BPD who completed attachment and personality self-report measures. The authors' results showed a good fit of the model, suggesting a significant association between attachment and the internalizing/externalizing dimensions, which simultaneously congregate and influence personality traits. The perception of attachment anxiety was positively related to the internalizing dimension and at the same time negatively related to the externalizing dimension. However, the perception of attachment avoidance was not related to internalizing or externalizing personality dimensions.

  4. An Advanced Reader in Chinese International Relations. International Studies, East Asian Language Text, No. 3.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Johnson, Wallace, Ed.

    This modern Chinese textbook offers three main features. It contains a graded selection of Chinese writings on international relations by some of the most important modern Chinese writers, representing a wide range of viewpoints. Secondly, all new words and phrases encountered in the lessons are defined in Chinese, so that the reader becomes…

  5. State humanitarian verticalism versus universal health coverage: a century of French international health assistance revisited.

    PubMed

    Atlani-Duault, Laëtitia; Dozon, Jean-Pierre; Wilson, Andrew; Delfraissy, Jean-François; Moatti, Jean-Paul

    2016-05-28

    The French contribution to global public health over the past two centuries has been marked by a fundamental tension between two approaches: State-provided universal free health care and what we propose to call State humanitarian verticalism. Both approaches have historical roots in French colonialism and have led to successes and failures that continue until the present day. In this paper, the second in The Lancet's Series on France, we look at how this tension has evolved. During the French colonial period (1890s to 1950s), the Indigenous Medical Assistance structure was supposed to bring metropolitan France's model of universal and free public health care to the colonies, and French State imperial humanitarianism crystallised in vertical programmes inspired by Louis Pasteur, while vying with early private humanitarian activism in health represented by Albert Schweitzer. From decolonisation to the end of the Cold War (1960-99), French assistance to newly independent states was affected by sans frontièrisme, Health for All, and the AIDS pandemic. Since 2000, France has had an active role in development of global health initiatives and favoured multilateral action for health assistance. Today, with adoption of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and the challenges of non-communicable diseases, economic inequality, and climate change, French international health assistance needs new direction. In the context of current debate over global health as a universal goal, understanding and acknowledging France's history could help strengthen advocacy in favour of universal health coverage and contribute to advancing global equity through income redistribution, from healthy populations to people who are sick and from wealthy individuals to those who are poor. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  6. International law and communicable diseases.

    PubMed Central

    Aginam, Obijiofor

    2002-01-01

    Historically, international law has played a key role in global communicable disease surveillance. Throughout the nineteenth century, international law played a dominant role in harmonizing the inconsistent national quarantine regulations of European nation-states; facilitating the exchange of epidemiological information on infectious diseases; establishing international health organizations; and standardization of surveillance. Today, communicable diseases have continued to re-shape the boundaries of global health governance through legally binding and "soft-law" regimes negotiated and adopted within the mandate of multilateral institutions - the World Health Organization, the World Trade Organization, the Food and Agriculture Organization, and the Office International des Epizooties. The globalization of public health has employed international law as an indispensable tool in global health governance aimed at diminishing human vulnerability to the mortality and morbidity burdens of communicable diseases. PMID:12571722

  7. Sulfate Aerosol Control of Tropical Atlantic Climate over the Twentieth Century

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Chang, C.-Y.; Chiang, J. C. H.; Wehner, M. F.; Friedman, A. R.; Ruedy, R.

    2011-01-01

    The tropical Atlantic interhemispheric gradient in sea surface temperature significantly influences the rainfall climate of the tropical Atlantic sector, including droughts over West Africa and Northeast Brazil. This gradient exhibits a secular trend from the beginning of the twentieth century until the 1980s, with stronger warming in the south relative to the north. This trend behavior is on top of a multi-decadal variation associated with the Atlantic multi-decadal oscillation. A similar long-term forced trend is found in a multimodel ensemble of forced twentieth-century climate simulations. Through examining the distribution of the trend slopes in the multimodel twentieth-century and preindustrial models, the authors conclude that the observed trend in the gradient is unlikely to arise purely from natural variations; this study suggests that at least half the observed trend is a forced response to twentieth-century climate forcings. Further analysis using twentieth-century single-forcing runs indicates that sulfate aerosol forcing is the predominant cause of the multimodel trend. The authors conclude that anthropogenic sulfate aerosol emissions, originating predominantly from the Northern Hemisphere, may have significantly altered the tropical Atlantic rainfall climate over the twentieth century

  8. 21st century climate change in the European Alps--a review.

    PubMed

    Gobiet, Andreas; Kotlarski, Sven; Beniston, Martin; Heinrich, Georg; Rajczak, Jan; Stoffel, Markus

    2014-09-15

    Reliable estimates of future climate change in the Alps are relevant for large parts of the European society. At the same time, the complex Alpine region poses considerable challenges to climate models, which translate to uncertainties in the climate projections. Against this background, the present study reviews the state-of-knowledge about 21st century climate change in the Alps based on existing literature and additional analyses. In particular, it explicitly considers the reliability and uncertainty of climate projections. Results show that besides Alpine temperatures, also precipitation, global radiation, relative humidity, and closely related impacts like floods, droughts, snow cover, and natural hazards will be affected by global warming. Under the A1B emission scenario, about 0.25 °C warming per decade until the mid of the 21st century and accelerated 0.36 °C warming per decade in the second half of the century is expected. Warming will probably be associated with changes in the seasonality of precipitation, global radiation, and relative humidity, and more intense precipitation extremes and flooding potential in the colder part of the year. The conditions of currently record breaking warm or hot winter or summer seasons, respectively, may become normal at the end of the 21st century, and there is indication for droughts to become more severe in the future. Snow cover is expected to drastically decrease below 1500-2000 m and natural hazards related to glacier and permafrost retreat are expected to become more frequent. Such changes in climatic parameters and related quantities will have considerable impact on ecosystems and society and will challenge their adaptive capabilities. © 2013. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  9. Interpersonal Mechanisms Contributing to the Association between HIV-Related Internalized Stigma and Medication Adherence

    PubMed Central

    Helms, C. Blake; Turan, Janet M.; Atkins, Ghislaine; Kempf, Mirjam-Colette; Clay, Olivio J.; Raper, James L.; Mugavero, Michael J.; Turan, Bulent

    2016-01-01

    Previous research suggests that persons living with HIV (PLWH) sometimes internalize HIV-related stigma existing in the community and experience feelings of inferiority and shame due to their HIV status, which can have negative consequences for treatment adherence. PLWH’s interpersonal concerns about how their HIV status may affect the security of their existing relationships may help explain how internalized stigma affects adherence behaviors. In a cross-sectional study conducted between March 2013 and January 2015 in Birmingham, AL, 180 PLWH recruited from an outpatient HIV clinic completed previously validated measures of internalized stigma, attachment styles, and concern about being seen while taking HIV medication. Participants also self-reported their HIV medication adherence. Higher levels of HIV-related internalized stigma, attachment-related anxiety (i.e., fear of abandonment by relationship partners), and concerns about being seen by others while taking HIV medication were all associated with worse medication adherence. The effect of HIV-related internalized stigma on medication adherence was mediated by attachment-related anxiety and by concerns about being seen by others while taking HIV medication. Given that medication adherence is vitally important for PLWH to achieve long-term positive health outcomes, understanding interpersonal factors affecting medication adherence is crucial. Interventions aimed at improving HIV treatment adherence should address interpersonal factors as well as intrapersonal factors. PMID:26864692

  10. International cooperation in water resources

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Jones, J.R.; Beall, R.M.; Giusti, E.V.

    1979-01-01

    Advancements in hydrology proceeded slowly until the late 1800's when new ventures created a surge of interest and accomplishment. Progress waned again until the middle 20th century when an International Hydrological Decade was conceived, eventually receiving wide multinational support from governmental agencies and nongovernmental institutions. Organized by UNESCO, the Decade program was launched January 1, 1965. Participation included 107 nations, six United Nations agencies, and more than a dozen international scientific organizations. The initial program emphasized scientific research, and international cooperation; the second half of the Decade, emphasized technical assistance and technology transfer, largerly through education, training and demonstration. The success of the Decade led to the establishment of the International Hydrological Program, again under the aegis of UNESCO, to continue the work of the Decade indefinitely. The five major program activities, now involving about 90 countries and several international organizations, include: the scientific program, the promotion of education and training, the enhancement of information exchange, support of technical assistance, and the enlargement of regional cooperation. A significant amount of activity related to hydrological data networks and forecasting is carried on in an Operational Hydrology Programme by the WMO, chiefly through its Commission for Hydrology. Other international governmental organizations with a strong interest in water include the UN, the UN Development Programme, the FAO, the WHO, the International Atomic Energy Agency, the UN Environment Programme, the International Standardization Organization, and developmental institutions such as the World Bank. The specialized interests of researchers outside of the governmental structure, are met through association in various scientific and technical organizations which are world wide in scope and membership. Notwithstanding a sometimes

  11. Canada's Dominion Astrophysical Observatory and the rise of 20th Century Astrophysics and Technology

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hesser, James E.; Bohlender, David; Crabtree, Dennis

    2016-10-01

    Construction of Canada's Dominion Astrophysical Observatory (DAO) commenced in 1914 with first light on 6 May 1918. As distinct from the contemporaneous development with private funding of major observatories in the western United States, DAO was (and remains) funded by the federal government. Canada's initial foray into `big science', creation of DAO during the First World War was driven by Canada's desire to contribute significantly to the international rise of observational astrophysics enabled by photographic spectroscopy. In 2009 the Observatory was designated a National Historic Site. DAO's varied, rich contributions to the astronomical heritage of the 20th century continue in the 21st century, with particularly strong ties to Maunakea.

  12. Identifying 21st Century Capabilities

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Stevens, Robert

    2012-01-01

    What are the capabilities necessary to meet 21st century challenges? Much of the literature on 21st century skills focuses on skills necessary to meet those challenges associated with future work in a globalised world. The result is a limited characterisation of those capabilities necessary to address 21st century social, health and particularly…

  13. Quantifying Uncertainty in Projections of Stratospheric Ozone Over the 21st Century

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Charlton-Perez, A. J.; Hawkins, E.; Eyring, V.; Cionni, I.; Bodeker, G. E.; Kinnison, D. E.; Akiyoshi, H.; Frith, S. M.; Garcia, R.; Gettelman, A.; hide

    2010-01-01

    Future stratospheric ozone concentrations will be determined both by changes in the concentration of ozone depleting substances (ODSs) and by changes in stratospheric and tropospheric climate, including those caused by changes in anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs). Since future economic development pathways and resultant emissions of GHGs are uncertain, anthropogenic climate change could be a significant source of uncertainty for future projections of stratospheric ozone. In this pilot study, using an ensemble of opportunity of chemistry-climate model (CCM) simulations, the contribution of scenario uncertainty from different plausible emissions pathways for 10 ODSs and GHGs to future ozone projections is quantified relative to the contribution from model uncertainty and internal variability of the chemistry-climate system. For both the global, annual mean ozone concentration and for ozone in specific geographical regions, differences between CCMs are the dominant source of uncertainty for the first two-thirds of the 21 st century, up-to and after the time when ozone concentrations 15 return to 1980 values. In the last third of the 21st century, dependent upon the set of greenhouse gas scenarios used, scenario uncertainty can be the dominant contributor. This result suggests that investment in chemistry-climate modelling is likely to continue to refine projections of stratospheric ozone and estimates of the return of stratospheric ozone concentrations to pre-1980 levels.

  14. Scientists, Teachers and the "Scientific" Textbook: Interprofessional Relations and the Modernisation of Elementary Science Textbooks in Nineteenth-Century Sweden

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hultén, Magnus

    2016-01-01

    In research on the development of a nineteenth-century "science for the people", initiatives by scientists or people well-trained in science has been emphasised, while the writings, roles and initiatives of elementary teachers are normally just mentioned in passing. In this study the development of nineteenth-century elementary science…

  15. Effect of ambient temperature and internal relative humidity on spectral sensitivity of broadband UV detectors

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huber, Martin; Blumthaler, Mario; Schreder, Josef

    2002-01-01

    Within the frame of the Austrian UV Monitoring Network, repeated recalibrations of Solar Light Sunburn Meters between December 1997 and March 2000 have shown significant temporal changes in the instruments' relative spectral response function as well as in their absolute calibration. Therefore, laboratory investigations of the effects of ambient temperature and internal relative humidity on the behavior of two Sunburn Meters have been performed. Despite internal temperature stabilization, both instruments show significant dependence of their spectral response function on ambient temperature. When the outside temperature of the detector's housing varies between 13 degree(s)C and 44 degree(s)C, spectral sensitivity changes by up to 10% in the UVB range and by up to a factor of 2 in the UVA range, depending on internal relative humidity. As a consequence, output voltage variations of 10% are observed when the detector is mounted in front of a 1000 W halogen lamp and its internal relative humidity is changed while its ambient temperature is kept constant. Whereas temperature effects take place within several hours, instabilities due to variations in internal relative humidity show typical time constants in the order of several days.

  16. A half century perspective on the International Geophysical Year (IGY) - A Template for the International Polar Year 2007 (IPY 2007)?

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Behrendt, J. C.

    2003-12-01

    In 1956 I sailed for Antarctica to spend 18 months as a graduate student participating in geophysical-glaciological investigations, as part of the 18-month IGY. This led to a career in geophysics, which has taken me to all of the continents and oceans. As we approach the IPY 2007, the changes in technology and our understanding of the earth over the past half century are breathtaking to contemplate. Although 70 countries participated in IGY, the disciplines were restricted to geophysics. Originally the Third Polar Year, the name was changed to IGY in 1952, at the suggestion of Sydney Chapman. The geographical area comprised the entire earth. The highest priority was given to "problems requiring concurrent synoptic observations at many points involving cooperative observations by many stations." One category was reserved for research on topics such as ocean levels, weather patterns, and the distribution of glacier ice "to establish basic information for subsequent comparison at later epochs." IPY 2007 seems such an epoch. A major international efforts was concentrated in Antarctica, although only 12 counties participated. Glaciology, seismology, auroral studies, ionospheric soundings, magnetic field measurements, and other solar-terrestrial, and meteorological observations comprised the scientific station activities. The only major field activities away from the stations were the oversnow geophysical-glaciological traverses, which made seismic measurements of ice thickness and other ice properties; gravity and magnetic anomaly profiles; and determination of snow accumulation and mean annual temperature. The most intensive of the oversnow traverse programs were those of the U.S. and USSR. Geology and topographic mapping were excluded from the Antarctica because of potential complications due to territorial claims and the possibility of mineral resource discoveries. Despite this, significant geologic findings, such as the discovery of the Dufek intrusion, were made by

  17. The Future of International Education Hearings before the Subcommittee on International Operations of the Committee on International Relations. House of Representatives. Ninety-Fifth Congress, Second Session.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on International Relations.

    The purpose of the five-day hearings was to provide a forum for examination by members of the House Committee on International Relations of public and private involvement in international education programs in the United States. The proceedings contain testimony and prepared statements by educators, foundation officials, federal government agency…

  18. Twenty-first Century Ethical Challenges for Psychology

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Koocher, Gerald P.

    2007-01-01

    Foreseeable social and technological changes will force us to reevaluate our thinking about ethically appropriate ways to fulfill our mission of using psychology to advance human health and welfare in the twenty-first century. Three categories of challenge related to societal and technological changes have become particularly evident. First,…

  19. From Aspirations to Practice: Curriculum Challenges for a New "Twenty-First-Century" Secondary School

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McPhail, Graham J.

    2016-01-01

    This paper reports on the initial stages of an empirical study of a new secondary school in New Zealand. The school vision and organisation reflect current international twenty-first-century learning discourse by confronting long-established beliefs concerning the nature of education and knowledge and the roles of teachers and students. The…

  20. Pronounced differences between observed and CMIP5-simulated multidecadal climate variability in the twentieth century

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kravtsov, Sergey

    2017-06-01

    Identification and dynamical attribution of multidecadal climate undulations to either variations in external forcings or to internal sources is one of the most important topics of modern climate science, especially in conjunction with the issue of human-induced global warming. Here we utilize ensembles of twentieth century climate simulations to isolate the forced signal and residual internal variability in a network of observed and modeled climate indices. The observed internal variability so estimated exhibits a pronounced multidecadal mode with a distinctive spatiotemporal signature, which is altogether absent in model simulations. This single mode explains a major fraction of model-data differences over the entire climate index network considered; it may reflect either biases in the models' forced response or models' lack of requisite internal dynamics, or a combination of both.Plain Language SummaryGlobal and regional warming trends over the course of the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> have been nonuniform, with decadal and longer periods of faster or slower warming, or even cooling. Here we show that state-of-the-art global models used to predict climate fail to adequately reproduce such multidecadal climate variations. In particular, the models underestimate the magnitude of the observed variability and misrepresent its spatial pattern. Therefore, our ability to interpret the observed climate change using these models is limited.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_8");'>8</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_9");'>9</a></li> <li class="active"><span>10</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_11");'>11</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_10 --> <div id="page_11" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_9");'>9</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_10");'>10</a></li> <li class="active"><span>11</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="201"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED373694.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED373694.pdf"><span>U.S. Public <span class="hlt">Relations</span> from an <span class="hlt">International</span> Perspective: Curricular Issues and Objectives.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Pratt, Cornelius B.; Ogbondah, Chris W.</p> <p></p> <p>This paper establishes a rationale for <span class="hlt">international</span> public <span class="hlt">relations</span> courses in the curricula of university public <span class="hlt">relations</span> education in the U.S. and outlines the content of such courses. Disagreements between practitioners and educators on a blueprint for public <span class="hlt">relations</span> education are documented. Developments pointing to a crucial need for…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28247661','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28247661"><span>[<span class="hlt">Internal</span> drainage in cancer patients: optimizing treatment of stent-<span class="hlt">related</span> symptoms].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Martov, A G; Ergakov, D V; Novikov, A B; Muzhetskaya, N G; Esen'yan, G L</p> <p>2016-04-01</p> <p>The so-called stent-<span class="hlt">related</span> symptoms caused mainly by detrusor overactivity due to distal ("cystic") curl of the <span class="hlt">internal</span> stent are common among patients with this type of drainage. The need for long-term stenting makes the quality of life of cancer patients one of the challenging problems of modern urology. The aim of this study was to optimize treatment of stent-<span class="hlt">related</span> symptoms in cancer patients with <span class="hlt">internal</span> long-term stents by complementing the treatment regimen with m-anticholinergic solifenacin. From November 2013 to November 2015 68 cancer patients (26 males, 42 females, age 36-79 years) underwent elective <span class="hlt">internal</span> ureteral stenting for drainage of the upper urinary tract (UUT) with special long-term stents coated with the hydrogel. The urinary tract obstruction was caused by urological (24), gynecological (26) and colorectal (18) cancers. Before deciding on urinary tract drainage, all patients were treated with radiation or chemotherapy, 28 (41.2%) patients underwent surgery, but on admission all of them had contraindications to radical surgery for different reasons. In 52 (76.5%) patients UUT stenting was performed using transurethral access, in 12 (17.6%) by percutaneous access and in another 4 (5.9%) by the combined access with patients in the supine position. Percutaneous and combined access was used in cases of impracticability (failure) of transurethral stenting. Patients in group 1 (n=32) after stent placement received standard therapy co-administered with solifenacin 5 mg daily, group 2 (n=36) - only standard therapy. The data analyzed were the technical features of the <span class="hlt">internal</span> drainage, optimal access and registered solifenacin-<span class="hlt">related</span> adverse events. Control examinations were scheduled once in 3 months after stent placement according to the following algorithm: ultrasound scanning, laboratory test monitoring and, if indicated, plain urography. To objectify the severity of stent-<span class="hlt">related</span> symptoms, a survey of patients using a special</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED543062.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED543062.pdf"><span>Achieving Quality Assurance and Moving to a World Class University in the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Lee, Lung-Sheng Steven</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>Globalization in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> has brought innumerable challenges and opportunities to universities and countries. Universities are primarily concerned with how to ensure the quality of their education and how to boost their local and global competitiveness. The pressure from both <span class="hlt">international</span> competition and public accountability on…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013EGUGA..15.4252N','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013EGUGA..15.4252N"><span>White Macael marble: a key element in the architectonic heritage of Andalusia for over 25 <span class="hlt">centuries</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Navarro, Rafael; Sol Cruz, Ana; Arriaga, Lourdes; Baltuille, José Manuel</p> <p>2013-04-01</p> <p>Marble from Macael (Andalusia) is one of the most important natural stones in the architectonic heritage of Andalusia; in particular the variety commercially known as "White Macael". This natural stone has been used outdoors as well as indoors for decorative, ornamental or structural purposes. During the 7th <span class="hlt">century</span> (B.C.) the Phoenicians began to systematically extract these quarries to be used in their more social important elements such as sarcophagus. During the Roman period this rock had a greater importance in construction; we find columns, pavements, tombstones… in many historical buildings such as the Roman amphitheatre in Mérida (1st <span class="hlt">century</span> B.C.) and the city of Itálica in Seville (3rd <span class="hlt">century</span> B.C.). But it is during the Muslim period when marble from Macael is more widely used: the Mosque of Córdoba (8th <span class="hlt">century</span>), the Lions Court in the Alhambra palace, the Alcazaba in Almería, the Medina-Azahara palace in Córdoba (10th <span class="hlt">century</span>). Other important buildings using the white marble are: Carlos V palace or the Royal Chapel in Granada (15th <span class="hlt">century</span>), the Almería cathedral or El Escorial monastery in Madrid (16th <span class="hlt">century</span>), San Telmo palace in Seville (17th <span class="hlt">century</span>) or The Royal Palace in Madrid (18th <span class="hlt">century</span>). Uncountable number of buildings, both historical and contemporary, show different elements made of this marble. From a geological point of view, the quarries are located in the upper part of the Nevado-Filábride Complex, the lowest nappe of the <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Zones of the Betic Chains. Under the "White Macael" name is also possible to include another commercial denominations such "White Macael Río" or "White Macael Río Veteado". It is a clear white coloured, calcitic marble (up than 97% calcite), with average grain size between 0,16 y 3,2 mm in a mosaic texture with a very homogenous aspect. Regarding the main physical and mechanical properties, this rock has an open porosity value between 0,1-0,6%, bulk density 2,50-2,75 g/cm3, water absorption at</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Advanced+AND+Design+AND+Cultures&pg=7&id=ED176642','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Advanced+AND+Design+AND+Cultures&pg=7&id=ED176642"><span>Needed: A New Graduate <span class="hlt">International</span> University System for the Twenty-First <span class="hlt">Century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Fischer, W. Paul</p> <p></p> <p>A Graduate <span class="hlt">International</span> University System is proposed. Past efforts, such as the Fulbright Act, are reviewed and the need for an <span class="hlt">international</span> approach to graduate education is explored. A wider definition for the meaning of a university is presented: one that encompasses a program of immersive experiences and personal interaction (the…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3436617','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3436617"><span>Belgian health-<span class="hlt">related</span> data in three <span class="hlt">international</span> databases</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p></p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>Aims of the study This study wants to examine the availability of Belgian healthcare data in the three main <span class="hlt">international</span> health databases: the World Health Organization European Health for All Database (WHO-HFA), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Health Data 2009 and EUROSTAT. Methods For the indicators present in the three databases, the availability of Belgian data and the source of these data were checked. Main findings The most important problem concerning the availability of Belgian health-<span class="hlt">related</span> data in the three major <span class="hlt">international</span> databases is the lack of recent data. Recent data are available for 27% of the indicators of the WHO-HFA database, 73% of the OECD Health Data, and for half of the Eurostat indicators. Especially recent data about health status (including mortality-based indicators) are lacking. Discussion Only the availability of the health-<span class="hlt">related</span> data is studied in this article. The quality of the Belgian data is however also important to examine. The main problem concerning the availability of health data is the timeliness. One of the causes of this lack of (especially mortality) data is the reform of the Belgian State. Nowadays mortality data are provided by the communities. This results in a delay in the delivery of national mortality data. However several efforts are made to catch up. PMID:22958554</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194378','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194378"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, Results for Cooperation, UT Behavior, 1966-69.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents findings from an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> cooperation over a three-year period. Computer printout of the analysis is included. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their ability to analyze <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph reports on the testing of <span class="hlt">relative</span> status…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=silk+AND+road&id=ED516011','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=silk+AND+road&id=ED516011"><span><span class="hlt">International</span> Students and Global Mobility in Higher Education: National Trends and New Directions. <span class="hlt">International</span> and Development Education</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Bhandari, Rajika, Ed.; Blumenthal, Peggy, Ed.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>Global student mobility is one of the fastest growing phenomena in higher education in the twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span>. Over three million students are currently mobile, crossing geographic, cultural, digital, and educational borders in the pursuit of an <span class="hlt">international</span> education--a movement that has significant consequences for higher education…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/6378','TREESEARCH'); return false;" href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/6378"><span><span class="hlt">International</span> Trade In Forest Products</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/">Treesearch</a></p> <p>Jeffrey P. Prestemon; Joseph Buongiomo; David N. Wear; Jacek P. Siry</p> <p>2003-01-01</p> <p>The 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> continues a trend of rapid growth in both <span class="hlt">international</span> trade of forest products and a concern for forests. These two trends are connected. Forces causing trade growth are linked to the loss of native forest resources in some countries and the accumulation of nonnative forest resources in other countries. Factors increasing trade...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034012/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034012/"><span>Water-quality trends in New England rivers during the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Robinson, Keith W.; Campbell, Jean P.; Jaworski, Norbert A.</p> <p>2003-01-01</p> <p>Water-quality data from the Merrimack, Blackstone, and Connecticut Rivers in New England during parts of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> were examined for trends in concentrations of sulfate, chloride, residue upon evaporation, nitrate, and total phosphorus. The concentrations of all five of these constituents show statistically significant trends during the <span class="hlt">century</span>. Annual concentrations of sulfate and total phosphorus decreased during the second half of the <span class="hlt">century</span>, whereas annual concentrations of nitrate, chloride, and residues increased throughout the <span class="hlt">century</span>. In the Merrimack River, annual chloride concentrations increased by an order of magnitude. Annual nitrate concentrations also increased by an order of magnitude in the Merrimack and Connecticut Rivers. These changes in the water quality probably are <span class="hlt">related</span> to changing human activities. Most notable is the <span class="hlt">relation</span> between increasing use of road de-icing salts and chloride concentrations in rivers. In addition, changes in concentrations of nitrate and phosphorus probably are <span class="hlt">related</span> to agricultural use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. For all the water-quality constituents assessed, concentrations were greatest in the Blackstone River. The Blackstone River Basin is smaller and more highly urbanized than the other basins studied. Data-collection programs that span multiple decades can provide valuable insight on the effects of changing human population and societal activities on the water quality of rivers. This study was done as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194377','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194377"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, Results for Conflict, UT Behavior, 1966-69.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents findings from an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> conflict over a three-year period. Computer printout of the analysis is included. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their ability to analyze <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph reports on the testing of <span class="hlt">relative</span> status field…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194379','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194379"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, Results for Conflict, UU Behavior, 1966-69.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents findings from an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> conflict over a three-year period. Computer printout of the analysis is included. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their ability to analyze <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph reports on the testing of <span class="hlt">relative</span> status field…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Literacy&pg=4&id=EJ1131548','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Literacy&pg=4&id=EJ1131548"><span>Striving for <span class="hlt">International</span> Understanding through Literature</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Yokota, Junko; Teale, William H.</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>In the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>, our students increasingly communicate, connect, collaborate, and interact with diverse cultures and traditions around the world, so they need to develop global literacy. This department column highlights research and research-to-practice at the <span class="hlt">international</span> level to bring global best teaching practices to the forefront.…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/987346','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/987346"><span>Half a <span class="hlt">Century</span> of Physical Review Letters</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Garisto, Robert</p> <p>2008-10-15</p> <p>Fifty years ago, Sam Goudsmit started an experiment: the journal Physical Review Letters.  Since 1958, the experiment has thrived. PRL has gone through many changes, published many important papers, and become a leader in <span class="hlt">international</span> scientific publication.  I will trace the rise of PRL from its early 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> roots as "Letters to the Editor," through changes in editorial process and advents of new technology. Along the way I'll show what has gone on behind the scenes, and give a glimpse of our plans for the future.  I'll also give some advice to would-be authors and referees, illustrated with interestingmore » correspondence we've received.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.osti.gov/sciencecinema/biblio/987346','SCIGOVIMAGE-SCICINEMA'); return false;" href="http://www.osti.gov/sciencecinema/biblio/987346"><span>Half a <span class="hlt">Century</span> of Physical Review Letters</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/sciencecinema/">ScienceCinema</a></p> <p>Garisto, Robert</p> <p>2018-04-17</p> <p>Fifty years ago, Sam Goudsmit started an experiment: the journal Physical Review Letters.  Since 1958, the experiment has thrived. PRL has gone through many changes, published many important papers, and become a leader in <span class="hlt">international</span> scientific publication.  I will trace the rise of PRL from its early 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> roots as "Letters to the Editor," through changes in editorial process and advents of new technology. Along the way I'll show what has gone on behind the scenes, and give a glimpse of our plans for the future.  I'll also give some advice to would-be authors and referees, illustrated with interesting correspondence we've received.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=behavior+AND+modification&id=EJ1131638','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=behavior+AND+modification&id=EJ1131638"><span>Mobile Experiences of an Adolescent Learning Spanish Online in a Twenty-First <span class="hlt">Century</span> High School</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Tochon, Francois Victor</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>This article focuses on a case analysis based on the experience of an adolescent having to further Spanish learning through the Spanish 3 (third year) distance course of a twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> high school program. Autoethnographic reflections mediate the storyline of the experiential report, as conversations and observations are <span class="hlt">internalized</span> by…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=huang&pg=4&id=ED536161','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=huang&pg=4&id=ED536161"><span>Diversifying Higher Education Systems in the <span class="hlt">International</span> and Comparative Perspectives. Report of the <span class="hlt">International</span> Workshop on University Reform, 2010. RIHE <span class="hlt">International</span> Seminar Reports. No.16</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Research Institute for Higher Education, Hiroshima University, 2011</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>Through special funding by the Ministry of Education and Science in 2008, the Research Institute for Higher Education (RIHE) at Hiroshima University has been able to implement a new research project on the reform of higher education in the knowledge-based society of the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. RIHE hosted the third <span class="hlt">International</span> Workshop on the Higher…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23313869','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23313869"><span>Mathematics achievement and anxiety and their <span class="hlt">relation</span> to <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> and externalizing behaviors.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Wu, Sarah S; Willcutt, Erik G; Escovar, Emily; Menon, Vinod</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>Although behavioral difficulties are well documented in reading disabilities, little is known about the relationship between math ability and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> and externalizing behaviors. Here, we use standardized measures to investigate the <span class="hlt">relation</span> among early math ability, math anxiety, and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> and externalizing behaviors in a group of 366 second and third graders. Math achievement was significantly correlated with attentional difficulties and social problems but not with <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms. The <span class="hlt">relation</span> between math achievement and externalizing behavioral problems was stronger in girls than in boys. Math achievement was not correlated with trait anxiety but was negatively correlated with math anxiety. Critically, math anxiety differed significantly between children classified as math learning disabled (MLD), low achieving (LA), and typically developing (TD), with math anxiety significantly higher in the MLD and LA groups compared to the TD group. Our findings suggest that, even in nonclinical samples, math difficulties at the earliest stages of formal math learning are associated with attentional difficulties and domain-specific anxiety. These findings underscore the need for further examination of the shared cognitive, neural, and genetic influences underlying problem solving and nonverbal learning difficulties and accompanying <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> and externalizing behaviors. © Hammill Institute on Disabilities 2013.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3883980','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3883980"><span>Mathematics Achievement and Anxiety and Their <span class="hlt">Relation</span> to <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> and Externalizing Behaviors</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Wu, Sarah S.; Willcutt, Erik G.; Escovar, Emily; Menon, Vinod</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>Although behavioral difficulties are well documented in reading disabilities, little is known about the relationship between math ability and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> and externalizing behaviors. Here, we use standardized measures to investigate the <span class="hlt">relation</span> among early math ability, math anxiety, and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> and externalizing behaviors in a group of 366 second and third graders. Math achievement was significantly correlated with attentional difficulties and social problems but not with <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms. The <span class="hlt">relation</span> between math achievement and externalizing behavioral problems was stronger in girls than in boys. Math achievement was not correlated with trait anxiety but was negatively correlated with math anxiety. Critically, math anxiety differed significantly between children classified as math learning disabled (MLD), low achieving (LA), and typically developing (TD), with math anxiety significantly higher in the MLD and LA groups compared to the TD group. Our findings suggest that, even in nonclinical samples, math difficulties at the earliest stages of formal math learning are associated with attentional difficulties and domain-specific anxiety. These findings underscore the need for further examination of the shared cognitive, neural, and genetic influences underlying problem solving and nonverbal learning difficulties and accompanying <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> and externalizing behaviors. PMID:23313869</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194374','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194374"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, Results for Cooperation, TT Behavior, 1966-69.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents findings from an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> cooperation over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their ability to analyze <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph reports on the testing of <span class="hlt">relative</span> status field theory on WEIS conflict data for 1966-1969…</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_9");'>9</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_10");'>10</a></li> <li class="active"><span>11</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_11 --> <div id="page_12" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_10");'>10</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_11");'>11</a></li> <li class="active"><span>12</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="221"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194376','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194376"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, Results for Cooperation, TU Behavior, 1966-69.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents findings from an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> cooperation over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their ability to analyze <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph reports on the testing of <span class="hlt">relative</span> status field theory on WEIS conflict data for 1966-1969…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194375','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194375"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, Results for Conflict, TU Behavior, 1966-69.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents findings from an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> conflict over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their ability to analyze <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph reports on the testing of <span class="hlt">relative</span> status field theory on WEIS conflict data for 1966-1969 for…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194380','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194380"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, Results for Cooperation, UU Behavior, 1966-69.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents findings from an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> cooperation over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their ability to analyze <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph reports on the testing of <span class="hlt">relative</span> status field theory on WEIS conflict data for 1966-1969…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1180973.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1180973.pdf"><span>The <span class="hlt">Relation</span> of an <span class="hlt">International</span> Student Center's Orientation Training Sessions with <span class="hlt">International</span> Students' Achievement and Integration to University</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Güvendir, Meltem Acar</p> <p>2018-01-01</p> <p>The purpose of the research is to examine the <span class="hlt">relation</span> of orientation training sessions with integration and achievement of the <span class="hlt">international</span> students. The study used the Institutional Integration Scales, developed by Pascarella and Terenzini (1980), to examine the integration level of the <span class="hlt">international</span> students. 181 freshmen undergraduate and…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26458909','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26458909"><span>HIV-<span class="hlt">Related</span> Stigma, Shame, and Avoidant Coping: Risk Factors for <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> Symptoms Among Youth Living with HIV?</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Bennett, David S; Hersh, Jill; Herres, Joanna; Foster, Jill</p> <p>2016-08-01</p> <p>Youth living with HIV (YLH) are at elevated risk of <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms, although there is substantial individual variability in adjustment. We examined perceived HIV-<span class="hlt">related</span> stigma, shame-proneness, and avoidant coping as risk factors of <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms among YLH. Participants (N = 88; ages 12-24) completed self-report measures of these potential risk factors and three domains of <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms (depressive, anxiety, and PTSD) during a regularly scheduled HIV clinic visit. Hierarchical regressions were conducted for each <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms domain, examining the effects of age, gender, and maternal education (step 1), HIV-<span class="hlt">related</span> stigma (step 2), shame- and guilt-proneness (step 3), and avoidant coping (step 4). HIV-<span class="hlt">related</span> stigma, shame-proneness, and avoidant coping were each correlated with greater depressive, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms. Specificity was observed in that shame-proneness, but not guilt-proneness, was associated with greater <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms. In multivariable analyses, HIV-<span class="hlt">related</span> stigma and shame-proneness were each <span class="hlt">related</span> to greater depressive and PTSD symptoms. Controlling for the effects of HIV-<span class="hlt">related</span> stigma and shame-proneness, avoidant coping was associated with PTSD symptoms. The current findings highlight the potential importance of HIV-<span class="hlt">related</span> stigma, shame, and avoidant coping on the adjustment of YLH, as interventions addressing these risk factors could lead to decreased <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms among YLH.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Psychology+AND+Psychosomatics&pg=6&id=EJ641697','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Psychology+AND+Psychosomatics&pg=6&id=EJ641697"><span>The <span class="hlt">Relations</span> of Regulation and Emotionality to Children's Externalizing and <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> Problem Behavior.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Eisenberg, Nancy; Cumberland, Amanda; Spinrad, Tracy L.; Fabes, Richard A.; Shepard, Stephanie A.; Reiser, Mark; Murphy, Bridget C.; LoSaga, Sandra H.; Guthrie, Ivanna K.</p> <p>2001-01-01</p> <p>Examined <span class="hlt">relation</span> of different types of negative emotion and regulation and control to 55- to 97-month-olds' <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> and externalizing problem behaviors. Found that children with externalizing problems, compared to children with <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems and nondisordered children, were more prone to anger, impulsivity, and low regulation.…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=International+AND+journal+AND+management+AND+reviews&id=EJ1165531','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=International+AND+journal+AND+management+AND+reviews&id=EJ1165531"><span><span class="hlt">International</span> Education Management: Implications of <span class="hlt">Relational</span> Perspectives and Ethnographic Insights to Nurture <span class="hlt">International</span> Students' Academic Experience</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Shams, S. M. Riad</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>Purpose: <span class="hlt">International</span> students, who have a non-English speaking background (NESB), encounter many difficulties, in comparison to their local fellows of an English-speaking country. Literature demonstrates that leveraging various <span class="hlt">relational</span> perspectives in a multicultural teaching environment has favourable implications to manage the NESB…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18833364','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18833364"><span>[Asymmetry in <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, industrial property rights and anti-HIV medication].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Costa-Couto, Maria Helena; Nascimento, Alvaro César</p> <p>2008-01-01</p> <p>This paper analyzes the asymmetry in the <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span> as refers to the recognition of industrial property rights in the pharmaceutical industry. It focuses on the impact of such <span class="hlt">relations</span> upon the access to ARV medication, an issue of worldwide interest due to its connection with the development of the nations. Clashing interests and the position taken by some countries in their patent laws point to a scenario less favorable for the access of peripheral countries to anti-HIV/AIDS medication. On the other hand, it seems that the success of the Brazilian STD/AIDS program in negotiating ARV prices will open new possibilities. The solution may be the <span class="hlt">internal</span> strengthening of the National States and the active role played by the Agencies of the United Nations System in defense of the collective human interests.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21823270','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21823270"><span>"Now if you have only sons you are dead": migration, gender, and family economy in twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> northwestern Ghana.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Abdul-Korah, Gariba B</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>This article explores the interconnectedness between labor migration, gender, and the family economy in northwestern Ghana in the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>. It focuses specifically on the Dagaaba of the Nadowli and Jirapa administrative districts of what is now the Upper West Region (UWR). It examines how the relationships between men and women in terms of roles, status, access to productive resources and inheritance, changed in tandem with broader changes in society in the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>; changes that over time produced enhanced value and elevated status for women in the family. These changes in gender <span class="hlt">relations</span> are reflected increasingly in the belief among elderly men that ‘now if you have only sons, you are dead’. By focusing on the lived experiences of ordinary women and men in the migration process, it argues that even though indigenous social structures privileged men over women in almost all spheres of life, Dagaaba women were nonetheless significantly active in shaping the history of their communities and that gender <span class="hlt">relations</span> in Dagaaba communities were not static — they changed over time and generation. This article contributes to the ongoing discussion of the <span class="hlt">internal</span> migration phenomenon in West Africa, which has so far attracted scant historical analysis.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/41469','TREESEARCH'); return false;" href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/41469"><span>Build Green: Wood Can Last for <span class="hlt">Centuries</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/">Treesearch</a></p> <p>Carol A. Clausen; Samuel V. Glass</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>This report updates and revises information from the 1976 Forest Service publication by Rodney C. DeGroot, “Your Wood Can Last for <span class="hlt">Centuries</span>.” It explains why wood decays, alerts the homeowner to conditions that can result in decay in buildings, and describes measures to prevent moisture-<span class="hlt">related</span> damage to wood.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5439301','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5439301"><span>A Surprising Alliance: Two Giants of the 20th <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Sade, Robert M.</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>Alexis Carrel and Charles Lindbergh were among the most famous <span class="hlt">international</span> figures in the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, Carrel, the surgeon-scientist who won a Nobel prize as a young surgeon, and Lindbergh, the aviator-engineer who pioneered aviation and promoted commercial flight throughout his life. Surprisingly, these two amazing individuals came together to collaborate on the early development of extracorporeal circulation. Their work was interrupted by the onset of World War II, which destroyed one of them and nearly destroyed the other. PMID:28528032</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28166474','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28166474"><span>A Longitudinal Examination of the <span class="hlt">Relation</span> Between <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> Problem Behaviors and Early Adolescent Cigarette Smoking.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Aloise-Young, Patricia A; Zaleski, Adam C; Swaim, Randall C</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>The purpose of the present study was to investigate the longitudinal <span class="hlt">relation</span> between <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problem behaviors (measured with the anxious/depressed and somatic complaints subscales of the Achenbach Teacher's Report Form) and self-reported cigarette smoking behavior and intentions during early adolescence. In addition, a possible mediating role of perceived harm was investigated. Sixth graders and their teachers were surveyed in the sixth grade and students were surveyed again in the seventh grade. Smoking behavior and intentions were assessed with five items including lifetime use, 30-day use, tobacco user status (nonsmoker to heavy smoker), and two intentions/behavioral expectations items. In addition to perceived harm from smoking, reasons for smoking and reasons for not smoking were included on the survey. As hypothesized, teacher reports of sixth-grade <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problem behaviors were negatively <span class="hlt">related</span> to seventh-grade smoking behavior and intentions. Moreover, perceived harm from smoking was negatively <span class="hlt">related</span> to smoking and intentions. The hypothesized mediating role of perceived harm in the <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> to smoking relationship was not supported. Potential differences in the <span class="hlt">relation</span> between <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> and smoking across adolescence are discussed. Specifically, the results of the present study and an examination of prior literature suggest that in early adolescence <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems are negatively <span class="hlt">related</span> to cigarette smoking, whereas in middle and late adolescence the opposite is true.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.A53D2286S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.A53D2286S"><span><span class="hlt">Internally</span> Generated and Externally Forced Multidecadal Oceanic Modes and their Influence on the Summer Rainfall over East Asia</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Si, D.; Hu, A.</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>The interdecadal oceanic variabilities can be generated from both <span class="hlt">internal</span> and external processes, and these variabilities can significantly modulate our climate on global and regional scale, such as the warming slowdown in the early 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>, and the rainfall in East Asia. By analyzing simulations from a unique Community Earth System Model (CESM) Large Ensemble (CESM_LE) project, we show that the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) is primarily an <span class="hlt">internally</span> generated oceanic variability, while the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) may be an oceanic variability generated by <span class="hlt">internal</span> oceanic processes and modulated by external forcings in the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>. Although the observed relationship between IPO and the Yangtze-Huaihe River valley (YHRV) summer rainfall in China is well simulated in both the preindustrial control and 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> ensemble, none of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> ensemble members can reproduce the observed time evolution of both IPO and YHRV due to the unpredictable nature of IPO on multidecade timescale. On the other hand, although CESM_LE cannot reproduce the observed relationship between AMO and Huanghe River valley (HRV) summer rainfall of China in the preindustrial control simulation, this relationship in the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> simulations is well reproduced, and the chance to reproduce the observed time evolution of both AMO and HRV rainfall is about 30%, indicating the important role of the interaction between the <span class="hlt">internal</span> processes and the external forcing to realistically simulate the AMO and HRV rainfall.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/38894','TREESEARCH'); return false;" href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/38894"><span>Does global warning increase establishment rates of invasive alien species? A <span class="hlt">centurial</span> time series analysis</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/">Treesearch</a></p> <p>Dingcheng Huang; Robert A. Haack; Runzhi Zhang</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>The establishment rate of invasive alien insect species has been increasing worldwide during the past <span class="hlt">century</span>. This trend has been widely attributed to increased rates of <span class="hlt">international</span> trade and associated species introductions, but rarely linked to environmental change. To better understand and manage the bioinvasion process, it is crucial to understand the...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016FrME...11...33S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016FrME...11...33S"><span>Rolling-element bearings in China: From ancient times to the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Sun, Lie; Li, Ang</p> <p>2016-03-01</p> <p>The development of rolling-element bearings in China has spanned a long period. Based on several typical and important cases, the present article reconstructs the history of rolling-element bearings in China by dividing it into four stages according to the various characteristics of the bearings. The first stage represents the origin of rolling bearings in China, which remains controversial because of several suspected races and cages that were likely the components of bearings more than a millennium ago. At the second stage, a type of simple roller bearing was used for astronomical instruments not later than the 13th <span class="hlt">century</span> based on clear philological and physical evidence. A similar bearing was also applied to an abridged armillary in the 17th <span class="hlt">century</span>. Another type of spherical thrust bearings with rolling elements, which is a key component of a traditional Chinese windmill, could support a rotating shaft that moves rotationally and at an angle. At the third stage, the Chinese began studying and using the so-called Europeanstyle bearing since the 17th <span class="hlt">century</span>. Moreover, over the last 100 years, the modern rolling bearing industry was gradually established in China, particularly because of the technology transfer from the Soviet Union in the 1950s. At the fourth stage, the Chinese government initiated the <span class="hlt">relatively</span> rapid development of bearing technology. The government launched the "bearing movement" from the 1950s to the 1960s to establish the modern bearing industry and to promote rolling bearings as replacement for traditional sliding bearings. Furthermore, a number of large professional factories and institutions in China have continually introduced advanced technology and equipment. At present, these companies and institutions play a significant role in the <span class="hlt">international</span> bearing industry.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=popularization+AND+science&pg=4&id=ED195677','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=popularization+AND+science&pg=4&id=ED195677"><span>In Quest of Knowledge: Adult Education in Sixteenth <span class="hlt">Century</span> England and Its <span class="hlt">Relation</span> to the Origins of the "Modern Era" of Adult Education.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Newsom, Ron</p> <p></p> <p>If less formal, self-motivated learning is accepted as a definition, adult education can be traced back to sixteenth <span class="hlt">century</span> England, not merely to nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span> England as Verner, Trevelyan, and others have contended. The two factors which gave the greatest impetus to adult education in the sixteenth <span class="hlt">century</span> were the Protestant Reformation…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA556567','DTIC-ST'); return false;" href="http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA556567"><span>Arctic Sovereignty Disputes: <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Theory in the High North</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.dtic.mil/">DTIC Science & Technology</a></p> <p></p> <p>2011-12-01</p> <p>ARCTIC REGION.............................20 D. INSTITUTIONS FOR ARCTIC SECURITY COOPERATION .............22 1. The United Nations and The Law of...39 1. The Law of the Sea .............................................................................39 2. The Arctic Council as an...Change IR <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization NORAD North American</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018NIMPA.893..124G','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018NIMPA.893..124G"><span>Superconducting accelerator magnet technology in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>: A new paradigm on the horizon?</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Gourlay, S. A.</p> <p>2018-06-01</p> <p>Superconducting magnets for accelerators were first suggested in the mid-60's and have since become one of the major components of modern particle colliders. Technological progress has been slow but steady for the last half-<span class="hlt">century</span>, based primarily on Nb-Ti superconductor. That technology has reached its peak with the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Despite the superior electromagnetic properties of Nb3Sn and adoption by early magnet pioneers, it is just now coming into use in accelerators though it has not yet reliably achieved fields close to the theoretical limit. The discovery of the High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) in the late '80's created tremendous excitement, but these materials, with tantalizing performance at high fields and temperatures, have not yet been successfully developed into accelerator magnet configurations. Thanks to <span class="hlt">relatively</span> recent developments in both Bi-2212 and REBCO, and a more focused <span class="hlt">international</span> effort on magnet development, the situation has changed dramatically. Early optimism has been replaced with a reality that could create a new paradigm in superconducting magnet technology. Using selected examples of magnet technology from the previous <span class="hlt">century</span> to define the context, this paper will describe the possible innovations using HTS materials as the basis for a new paradigm.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16243704','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16243704"><span>Thermodynamically consistent <span class="hlt">relations</span> involving plasticity, <span class="hlt">internal</span> energy and thermal effects.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Schreyer, H L; Maudlin, P J</p> <p>2005-11-15</p> <p>Experimental data associated with plastic deformations indicate that the temperature is less than that predicted from dissipation based on plastic work. To obtain reasonable correlation between theoretical and experimental results, the plastic work is often multiplied by a constant beta. This paper provides an alternative thermodynamic framework in which it is proposed that there is an additional <span class="hlt">internal</span> energy associated with dislocation pile-up or increase in dislocation density. The form of this <span class="hlt">internal</span> energy follows from experimental data that <span class="hlt">relates</span> flow stress to dislocation density and to equivalent plastic strain. The result is that beta is not a constant but a derived function. Representative results for beta and temperature as functions of effective plastic strain are provided for both an uncoupled and a coupled thermoplastic theory. In addition to providing features that are believed to be representative of many metals, the formulation can be used as a basis for more advanced theories such as those needed for large deformations and general forms of <span class="hlt">internal</span> energy.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25141533','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25141533"><span>Online self-report questionnaire on computer work-<span class="hlt">related</span> exposure (OSCWE): validity and <span class="hlt">internal</span> consistency.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Mekhora, Keerin; Jalayondeja, Wattana; Jalayondeja, Chutima; Bhuanantanondh, Petcharatana; Dusadiisariyavong, Asadang; Upiriyasakul, Rujiret; Anuraktam, Khajornyod</p> <p>2014-07-01</p> <p>To develop an online, self-report questionnaire on computer work-<span class="hlt">related</span> exposure (OSCWE) and to determine the <span class="hlt">internal</span> consistency, face and content validity of the questionnaire. The online, self-report questionnaire was developed to determine the risk factors <span class="hlt">related</span> to musculoskeletal disorders in computer users. It comprised five domains: personal, work-<span class="hlt">related</span>, work environment, physical health and psychosocial factors. The questionnaire's content was validated by an occupational medical doctor and three physical therapy lecturers involved in ergonomic teaching. Twenty-five lay people examined the feasibility of computer-administered and the user-friendly language. The item correlation in each domain was analyzed by the <span class="hlt">internal</span> consistency (Cronbach's alpha; alpha). The content of the questionnaire was considered congruent with the testing purposes. Eight hundred and thirty-five computer users at the PTT Exploration and Production Public Company Limited registered to the online self-report questionnaire. The <span class="hlt">internal</span> consistency of the five domains was: personal (alpha = 0.58), work-<span class="hlt">related</span> (alpha = 0.348), work environment (alpha = 0.72), physical health (alpha = 0.68) and psychosocial factor (alpha = 0.93). The findings suggested that the OSCWE had acceptable <span class="hlt">internal</span> consistency for work environment and psychosocial factors. The OSCWE is available to use in population-based survey research among computer office workers.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_10");'>10</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_11");'>11</a></li> <li class="active"><span>12</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_12 --> <div id="page_13" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_11");'>11</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li class="active"><span>13</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="241"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26595286','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26595286"><span>INTEREST IN ASTROLOGY AND PHRENOLOGY OVER TWO <span class="hlt">CENTURIES</span>: A GOOGLE NGRAM STUDY.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Genovese, Jeremy E C</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>The Google Ngram Viewer shows the frequency of words in a large corpus of books over two <span class="hlt">centuries</span>. In this study, the names of two pseudosciences, astrology and phrenology, were compared. An interesting pattern emerged. While the level of interest in astrology remained <span class="hlt">relatively</span> stable over the course of two <span class="hlt">centuries</span>, interest in phrenology rose rapidly in the early 1800s but then declined. Reasons for this pattern are discussed.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17017265','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17017265"><span>Twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> learning for teachers: helping educators bring new skills into the classroom.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Wilson, John I</p> <p>2006-01-01</p> <p>The motivation behind every educator's dedication and hard work in the classroom is the knowledge that his or her teaching will result in students' success in life. Educators are committed to implementing twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> skills; they have no question that students need such skills to be equipped for life beyond school. Members of the National Education Association are enthusiastic about the Partnership for 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills framework, yet express frustration that many schools do not have adequate resources to make the necessary changes. Teaching these skills poses significant new responsibilities for schools and educators. To make it possible for teachers to build twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> skills into the curriculum, physical and policy infrastructures must exist, professional development and curriculum materials must be offered, and meaningful assessments must be available. With an established understanding of what skills need to be infused into the classroom-problem solving, analysis, and com- munications-and educators' commitment to the new skill set, this chapter explores how to make such a dramatic reform happen. The author discusses existing strategies that will guide educators in infusing twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> skills into traditional content areas such as math, English, geography, and science. Ultimately, public policy regarding educational standards, professional development, assessments, and physical school structures must exist to enable educators to employ twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> skills, leading to student success in contemporary life. Any concern about the cost of bringing this nation's educational system up to par <span class="hlt">internationally</span> should be offset by the price that not making twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> skills a priority in the classroom will have on future economic well-being.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11834462','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11834462"><span>U.S. drinking water challenges in the twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Levin, Ronnie B; Epstein, Paul R; Ford, Tim E; Harrington, Winston; Olson, Erik; Reichard, Eric G</p> <p>2002-02-01</p> <p>The access of almost all 270 million U.S. residents to reliable, safe drinking water distinguishes the United States in the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> from that of the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>. The United States is a <span class="hlt">relatively</span> water-abundant country with moderate population growth; nonetheless, current trends are sufficient to strain water resources over time, especially on a regional basis. We have examined the areas of public water infrastructure, global climate effects, waterborne disease (including emerging and resurging pathogens), land use, groundwater, surface water, and the U.S. regulatory history and its horizon. These issues are integrally interrelated and cross all levels of public and private jurisdictions. We conclude that U.S. public drinking water supplies will face challenges in these areas in the next <span class="hlt">century</span> and that solutions to at least some of them will require institutional changes.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1241146','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1241146"><span>U.S. drinking water challenges in the twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Levin, Ronnie B; Epstein, Paul R; Ford, Tim E; Harrington, Winston; Olson, Erik; Reichard, Eric G</p> <p>2002-01-01</p> <p>The access of almost all 270 million U.S. residents to reliable, safe drinking water distinguishes the United States in the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> from that of the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>. The United States is a <span class="hlt">relatively</span> water-abundant country with moderate population growth; nonetheless, current trends are sufficient to strain water resources over time, especially on a regional basis. We have examined the areas of public water infrastructure, global climate effects, waterborne disease (including emerging and resurging pathogens), land use, groundwater, surface water, and the U.S. regulatory history and its horizon. These issues are integrally interrelated and cross all levels of public and private jurisdictions. We conclude that U.S. public drinking water supplies will face challenges in these areas in the next <span class="hlt">century</span> and that solutions to at least some of them will require institutional changes. PMID:11834462</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016PhyEd..51f5022W','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016PhyEd..51f5022W"><span>Is classical mechanics a prerequisite for learning physics of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>?</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Walwema, Godfrey B.; French, Debbie A.; Verley, Jim D.; Burrows, Andrea C.</p> <p>2016-11-01</p> <p>Physics of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> has contributed significantly to modern technology, and yet many physics students are never availed the opportunity to study it as part of the curriculum. One of the possible reasons why it is not taught in high school and introductory physics courses could be because curriculum designers believe that students need a solid background in classical mechanics and calculus in order to study physics of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> such as the photoelectric effect, special and general <span class="hlt">relativity</span>, the uncertainty principle, etc. This presumption may not be justifiable or valid. The authors of this paper contend that teaching physics of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> aids students in <span class="hlt">relating</span> physics to modern technology and the real world, making studying physics exciting. In this study, the authors correlated scores for matched questions in the Mechanics Baseline Test and a physics of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> test in order to examine the trend of the scores. The participants included undergraduate students attending an introductory algebra-based physics course with no intention of taking physics at a higher level. The analysis of the scores showed no significant correlation for any of the matched pairs of questions. The purpose of this article is to recommend that even without a solid background in classical mechanics, teachers can introduce physics of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> to their students for increased interest.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=additional+AND+recovery&pg=6&id=EJ865776','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=additional+AND+recovery&pg=6&id=EJ865776"><span>Comparing Cognitive, <span class="hlt">Relational</span> and Stress Mechanisms Underlying Gender Differences in Recovery from Bereavement-<span class="hlt">Related</span> <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> Problems</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Little, Michelle; Sandler, Irwin N.; Wolchik, Sharlene A.; Tein, Jenn-Yun; Ayers, Tim S.</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p>Four putative mediators underlying gender differences in youths' recovery from bereavement-<span class="hlt">related</span> <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems were examined in a sample (N = 109; age range = 8-16 years at the initial assessment) of parentally bereaved youth: intrusive thoughts about grief, postdeath stressors, negative appraisals of postdeath stressors, and fear of…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=5&id=ED194385','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=5&id=ED194385"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. Patterns of Conflict: <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, TT Actors.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents the computer printout of an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> conflict over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their power in analyzing <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph presents data on the application of discriminant function analysis to 'topdog'…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194387','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194387"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. Patterns of Conflict: <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, TU Actors.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents the computer printout of an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> conflict over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their power in analyzing <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph presents data on the application of discriminant function analysis to combined…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=6&id=ED194390','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=6&id=ED194390"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. Patterns of Cooperation: <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, UT Actors.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents the computer printout of an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> cooperation over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their power in analyzing <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph presents data on the application of discriminant function analysis of combined…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=6&id=ED194391','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=6&id=ED194391"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. Patterns of Conflict: <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, UU Actors.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents the computer printout of an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> conflict over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their power in analyzing <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph presents data on the application of discriminant function analysis of 'underdog'…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=6&id=ED194388','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=6&id=ED194388"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. Patterns of Cooperation: <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, TU Actors.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents the computer printout of an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> cooperation over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their power in analyzing <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph presents data on the application of discriminant function analysis to combined…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194389','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194389"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. Patterns of Conflict: <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, UT Actors.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents the computer printout of an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> conflict over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their power in analyzing <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph presents data on the application of second stage factor analysis of combined…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=attractiveness&id=EJ963728','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=attractiveness&id=EJ963728"><span>Peer Victimization as a Mediator of the <span class="hlt">Relation</span> between Facial Attractiveness and <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> Problems</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Rosen, Lisa H.; Underwood, Marion K.; Beron, Kurt J.</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>This study examined the <span class="hlt">relations</span> among facial attractiveness, peer victimization, and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems in early adolescence. We hypothesized that experiences of peer victimization would partially mediate the relationship between attractiveness and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems. Ratings of attractiveness were obtained from standardized photographs…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26902055','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26902055"><span>[Medecine, Law, and Knowledge Production about the "Civilized" War in the Long 19th <span class="hlt">Century</span>].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Goltermann, Svenja</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>The aim to 'civilize' warfare accompanied Medicine and <span class="hlt">International</span> Law ever since the mid-19th <span class="hlt">century</span>. However, the entanglement of Medicine and Law, crucial for such an endeavour, has not been taken into consideration so far; likewise, the huge importance of medical knowledge for the perception of wars and their ramifications did not garner much attention in historical research. Hence, by focusing on the 'long' 19th <span class="hlt">century</span>, this paper shows, firstly, that the production of surgical knowledge during warfare aimed at measuring the effects of combat on human bodies in order to develop prognostic medical knowledge for future wars, as well as maintaining the combat strength of soldiers. Moreover, this knowledge production during warfare strived for the enhancement of medical competence in the diagnosis and treatment of wounds in general. Secondly, I show that this medical knowledge was not only relevant for warfare, but also crucial for the design of <span class="hlt">International</span> Law: it served to nourish the debates among the so called 'civilized' nations about legitimate and illegitimate weaponry and warfare.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5743005','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5743005"><span>Courtship, sex and poverty: illegitimacy in eighteenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> Wales</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Muir, Angela Joy</p> <p>2018-01-01</p> <p>ABSTRACT This article sheds new light on illegitimacy in eighteenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> Britain through an analysis of evidence from 36 parishes across the former Welsh counties Montgomeryshire and Radnorshire. Quantitative analysis of illegitimacy ratios demonstrates that levels were significantly higher in certain, but not all, parts of Wales in the eighteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>. This evidence is considered in <span class="hlt">relation</span> to explanatory frameworks used in the analysis of English data, which attempt to account for rising levels through cultural changes that influenced premarital sexual behaviour, and economic opportunities created by industrialization. Welsh evidence appears to present a challenge to these understandings in two key ways: Wales was linguistically different and lacked certain cultural markers which some historians have associated with an eighteenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> ‘sexual revolution’, and because the highest levels of illegitimacy were found in agricultural regions of Wales which experienced little or no industrial change. It is argued that Welsh illegitimacy was influenced by a combination of courtship-led marriage customs, a decline in traditional forms of social control and worsening economic circumstances which, on closer examination, appear remarkably similar to London. This analysis provides further evidence that illegitimacy in eighteenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> Britain was a deeply complex phenomenon governed by diverse regionally specific social and economic influences. PMID:29308459</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26792121','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26792121"><span>The Differential <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Between Empathy and <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> and Externalizing Symptoms in Inpatient Adolescents.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Gambin, Malgorzata; Sharp, Carla</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p>Impaired empathy is associated with a variety of psychiatric conditions; however, little is known about the differential <span class="hlt">relations</span> between certain forms of psychopathology and cognitive and affective empathy in adolescent girls and boys. The aim of this study was to examine the <span class="hlt">relations</span> between externalizing and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> disorders and cognitive and affective empathy, respectively, while controlling for covariance among different forms of psychopathology, separately in girls and boys. A total of 507 inpatient adolescents (319 girls and 188 boys) in the age range of 12-17 years completed the Basic Empathy Scale that measures affective and cognitive empathy. The Youth Self-Report Form and Child Behavior Checklist were used to assess the severity of psychopathological symptoms. Results demonstrated that affective and cognitive empathy were negatively associated with conduct problems only in girls, but not in boys. Affective empathy was positively <span class="hlt">related</span> to <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems observed by parents and youths and self-reported ADHD symptoms in girls and boys. The clinical implications of these differential relationships for externalizing versus <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms and empathy are discussed.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5459944','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5459944"><span>Recent enhancement of central Pacific El Niño variability <span class="hlt">relative</span> to last eight <span class="hlt">centuries</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Liu, Yu; Cobb, Kim M.; Song, Huiming; Li, Qiang; Li, Ching-Yao; Nakatsuka, Takeshi; An, Zhisheng; Zhou, Weijian; Cai, Qiufang; Li, Jinbao; Leavitt, Steven W.; Sun, Changfeng; Mei, Ruochen; Shen, Chuan-Chou; Chan, Ming-Hsun; Sun, Junyan; Yan, Libin; Lei, Ying; Ma, Yongyong; Li, Xuxiang; Chen, Deliang; Linderholm, Hans W.</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>The far-reaching impacts of central Pacific El Niño events on global climate differ appreciably from those associated with eastern Pacific El Niño events. Central Pacific El Niño events may become more frequent in coming decades as atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations rise, but the instrumental record of central Pacific sea-surface temperatures is too short to detect potential trends. Here we present an annually resolved reconstruction of NIÑO4 sea-surface temperature, located in the central equatorial Pacific, based on oxygen isotopic time series from Taiwan tree cellulose that span from 1190 AD to 2007 AD. Our reconstruction indicates that <span class="hlt">relatively</span> warm Niño4 sea-surface temperature values over the late twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> are accompanied by higher levels of interannual variability than observed in other intervals of the 818-year-long reconstruction. Our results imply that anthropogenic greenhouse forcing may be driving an increase in central Pacific El Niño-Southern Oscillation variability and/or its hydrological impacts, consistent with recent modelling studies. PMID:28555638</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2011-title22-vol1/pdf/CFR-2011-title22-vol1-sec9a-1.pdf','CFR2011'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2011-title22-vol1/pdf/CFR-2011-title22-vol1-sec9a-1.pdf"><span>22 CFR 9a.1 - Security of certain information and material <span class="hlt">related</span> to the <span class="hlt">International</span> Energy Program.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collectionCfr.action?selectedYearFrom=2011&page.go=Go">Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR</a></p> <p></p> <p>2011-04-01</p> <p>... 22 Foreign <span class="hlt">Relations</span> 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Security of certain information and material... GENERAL SECURITY INFORMATION REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN <span class="hlt">INTERNATIONAL</span> ENERGY PROGRAMS; <span class="hlt">RELATED</span> MATERIAL § 9a.1 Security of certain information and material <span class="hlt">related</span> to the <span class="hlt">International</span> Energy Program...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2010-title22-vol1/pdf/CFR-2010-title22-vol1-sec9a-1.pdf','CFR'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2010-title22-vol1/pdf/CFR-2010-title22-vol1-sec9a-1.pdf"><span>22 CFR 9a.1 - Security of certain information and material <span class="hlt">related</span> to the <span class="hlt">International</span> Energy Program.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collectionCfr.action?selectedYearFrom=2010&page.go=Go">Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR</a></p> <p></p> <p>2010-04-01</p> <p>... 22 Foreign <span class="hlt">Relations</span> 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Security of certain information and material... GENERAL SECURITY INFORMATION REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN <span class="hlt">INTERNATIONAL</span> ENERGY PROGRAMS; <span class="hlt">RELATED</span> MATERIAL § 9a.1 Security of certain information and material <span class="hlt">related</span> to the <span class="hlt">International</span> Energy Program...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3186210','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3186210"><span>Peer Victimization as a Mediator of the <span class="hlt">Relation</span> between Facial Attractiveness and <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> Problems</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Rosen, Lisa H.; Underwood, Marion K.; Beron, Kurt J.</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>This study examined the <span class="hlt">relations</span> between facial attractiveness, peer victimization, and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems in early adolescence. We hypothesized that experiences of peer victimization would partially mediate the relationship between attractiveness and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems. Ratings of attractiveness were obtained from standardized photographs of participants (93 girls, 82 boys). Teachers provided information regarding peer victimization experiences in sixth grade, and seventh grade teachers assessed <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems. Attractiveness was negatively correlated with victimization and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems. Experiences of peer victimization were positively correlated with <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems. Structural equation modeling provided support for the hypothesized model of peer victimization partially mediating the relationship between attractiveness and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems. Implications for intervention programs and future research directions are discussed. PMID:21984861</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_11");'>11</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li class="active"><span>13</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_13 --> <div id="page_14" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li class="active"><span>14</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="261"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16309436','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16309436"><span>Global generations: social change in the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Edmunds, June; Turner, Bryan S</p> <p>2005-12-01</p> <p>The concept of generation within sociology has until recently been a marginal area of interest. However, various demographic, cultural and intellectual developments have re-awakened an interest in generations that started with the classic essay by Karl Mannheim. To date, the sociological literature has generally conceptualized generations as nationally bounded entities. In this paper we suggest that the sociology of generations should develop the concept of global generations. This conceptual enhancement is important because the growth of global communications technology has enabled traumatic events, in an unparalleled way, to be experienced globally. The late nineteenth and early twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> was the era of <span class="hlt">international</span> generations, united through print media, and the mid-twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> saw the emergence of transnational generations, facilitated by new broadcast communications. However, the latter part of the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> is the period of global generations, defined by electronic communications technology, which is characterized, uniquely, by increasing interactivity. The 1960s generation was the first global generation, the emergence of which had world-wide consequences; today with major developments in new electronic communications, there is even more potential for the emergence of global generations that can communicate across national boundaries and through time. If in the past historical traumas combined with available opportunities to create national generations, now globally experienced traumas, facilitated by new media technologies, have the potential for creating global generational consciousness. The media have become increasingly implicated in the formation of generational movements. Because we are talking about generations in the making rather than an historical generation, this article is necessarily speculative; it aims to provoke discussion and establish a new research agenda for work on generations.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194392','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194392"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. Patterns of Cooperation: <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, UU Actors.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> cooperation over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their power in analyzing <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph presents the computer printout of data on the application of second stage factor analysis of 'underdog'…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19910025592&hterms=benefits+commerce&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D80%26Ntt%3Dbenefits%2Bcommerce','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19910025592&hterms=benefits+commerce&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D80%26Ntt%3Dbenefits%2Bcommerce"><span>Space Biology in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Halstead, Thora W.; Krauss, Robert W.</p> <p>1990-01-01</p> <p>Space Biology is poised to make significant contributions to science in the next <span class="hlt">century</span>. A carefully crafted, but largely ground-based, program in the United States has evolved major questions that require answers through experiments in space. Science, scientists, and the new long-term spacecrafts designed by NASA will be available for the first time to mount a serious Space Biology effort. The scientific challenge is of such importance that success will provide countless benefits to biologically dependent areas such as medicine, food, and commerce in the decades ahead. The <span class="hlt">international</span> community is rapidly expanding its role in this field. The United States should generate the resources that will allow progress in Space Biology to match the recognized progress made in aeronautics and the other space sciences.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16629503','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16629503"><span>Emerging infectious diseases at the beginning of the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Lashley, Felissa R</p> <p>2006-01-31</p> <p>The emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases involves many interrelated factors. Global interconnectedness continues to increase with <span class="hlt">international</span> travel and trade; economic, political, and cultural interactions; and human-to-human and animal-to-human interactions. These interactions include the accidental and deliberate sharing of microbial agents and antimicrobial resistance and allow the emergence of new and unrecognized microbial disease agents. As the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> begins, already new agents have been identified, and new outbreaks have occurred. Solutions to limiting the spread of emerging infectious diseases will require cooperative efforts among many disciplines and entities worldwide. This article defines emerging infectious diseases, summarizes historical background, and discusses factors that contribute to emergence. Seven agents that have made a significant appearance, particularly in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>, are reviewed, including: Ebola and Marburg hemorrhagic fevers, human monkeypox, bovine spongiform encephalopathy, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), West Nile virus, and avian influenza. The article provides for each agent a brief historical background, case descriptions, and health care implications.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28734479','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28734479"><span>The <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Medicine of the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>: Organizational and operational standards.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Casariego-Vales, E; Zapatero-Gaviria, A; Elola-Somoza, F J</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>The Spanish Society of <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Medicine has developed a consensus document on the standards and recommendations that they consider essential to the organisation of <span class="hlt">internal</span> medicine units for conducting their activities efficiently and with high quality. We defined 3 groups of key processes: the care of acutely ill adult patients, the comprehensive care of complex chronic patients and the examination of a patient with a difficult diagnosis and no organ-specific disease. As support processes, we identified the structure and operation of the <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Medicine units. As strategic processes, we identified training and research. The main subprocesses are structured below, and we established the standards and recommendations for each of them. Lastly, we proposed resulting workloads. The prepared standards must be reviewed within a maximum of 4 years. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI). All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED261429.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED261429.pdf"><span>A Comparative Analysis of <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Communication and Public <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Audits. State of the Art.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Dozier, David M.; Hellweg, Susan A.</p> <p></p> <p>A review of current literature regarding the state of the art in the conduct of <span class="hlt">internal</span> communication and public <span class="hlt">relations</span> audits by public <span class="hlt">relations</span> practitioners reveals that these two <span class="hlt">related</span> measurement activities are of considerable importance to the practice of public <span class="hlt">relations</span>. Public <span class="hlt">relations</span> audits are concerned with exploratory…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015IAUGA..2226675B','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015IAUGA..2226675B"><span>The Nineteenth-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Revolution in Astronomy</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Batten, Alan Henry</p> <p>2015-08-01</p> <p>The term "revolution" in scientific contexts usually refers either to the beginnings of modern western science in the sixteenth and seventeenth <span class="hlt">centuries</span>, or to the two great revolutions of early twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> physics. Comparison of what was known at the beginning of the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span> with what was known at the end, however, shows that <span class="hlt">century</span> to have been one of transformation in astronomy, and in the other sciences, that amounts to "revolution". Astronomers in 1800 knew neither the nature of the Sun nor the distances of the stars. Developments in instrumentation enabled the first determinations of stellar parallax in the 1830s, and later enabled the solar prominences to be studied outside the brief momemnts of total eclipses. The development of photography and of spectroscopy led to the birth of observational astrophysics, while the greater understanding of the nature of heat and the rise of thermodynamics made possible the first attempts to investigate the theory of stellar structure. Nothing was known in 1800 of extra-galactic objects apart from some tentative identifcations by William Herschel but, by the end of the <span class="hlt">century</span>, the discovery of the spiral structure of some nebulae had led some to believe that these were the "island universes" about which Kant had speculated. Of course, astrophysics and cosmology would be much further developed in the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> and those of us whose careers spanned the second half of that <span class="hlt">century</span> look back on it as a "golden age" for astronomy; but the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span> was undoubtedly a time of rapid transformation and can be reasonably described as as one of the periods of revolution in astronomy.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Roselle&pg=3&id=EJ133586','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Roselle&pg=3&id=EJ133586"><span>The Human Side of 18th-<span class="hlt">Century</span> French History: Unique Readings for Secondary Students</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Roselle, Daniel, Ed.</p> <p>1976-01-01</p> <p>Nine short stories and excerpts are presented <span class="hlt">relating</span> to 18th-<span class="hlt">Century</span> French History. The purpose of the readings are to: 1) increase student sensitivity to conditions in 18th-<span class="hlt">Century</span> France; 2) add to their appreciation of the variety of human experiences; and 3) strengthen student insight into the nature of human beings. (Author/JR)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5882401-international-programs-related-transmutation-transuranics','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5882401-international-programs-related-transmutation-transuranics"><span><span class="hlt">International</span> programs <span class="hlt">related</span> to the transmutation of transuranics</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Newman, C.</p> <p>1991-04-01</p> <p>This report is an account of current programs outside the U.S. <span class="hlt">relating</span> to the transmutation of transuranics. This work was performed under contract to EPRI. The investigation was based on literature surveys, personal discussions, and visits to European research establishments that are currently active in the area. Research in actinide (uranium plus transuranics) partitioning and transmutation (P-T) is actively promoted in Japan, where the largest program in research on P-T is currently underway; however, following years of <span class="hlt">relative</span> inactivity, the concept is being revisited elsewhere. Additionally, a significant amount of research in reprocessing and advanced reactors has produced results withmore » interesting possibilities for P-T. Foreign research activities relevant to actinide burning is presented in two sections: foreign national programs, and <span class="hlt">international</span> programs and working groups. In order to provide the reader with an ability to assess the motivators for or against development of P-T, background on political and institutional trends <span class="hlt">relating</span> to nuclear waste management is also provided. 38 refs., 17 figs.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED193149','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED193149"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. Patterns of Cooperation: Distance Theory.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their ability to analyze <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph presents data on the application of distance theory to patterns of cooperation among nations. Distance theory implies that <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span> systems (nations, organizations, individuals, etc.) can be…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70195351','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70195351"><span>The migratory bird treaty and a <span class="hlt">century</span> of waterfowl conservation</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Anderson, Michael G.; Alisauskas, Ray T.; Batt, Bruce D. J.; Blohm, Robert J.; Higgins, Kenneth F.; Perry, Matthew; Ringelman, James K.; Sedinger, James S.; Serie, Jerome R.; Sharp, David E.; Trauger, David L.; Williams, Christopher K.</p> <p>2018-01-01</p> <p>In the final decades of the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>, concern was building about the status of migratory bird populations in North America. In this literature review, we describe how that concern led to a landmark conservation agreement in 1916, between the United States and Great Britain (on behalf of Canada) to conserve migratory birds shared by Canada and the United States. Drawing on published literature and our personal experience, we describe how subsequent enabling acts in both countries gave rise to efforts to better estimate population sizes and distributions, assess harvest rates and demographic impacts, design and fund landscape-level habitat conservation initiatives, and organize necessary political and regulatory processes. Executing these steps required large-scale thinking, unprecedented regional and <span class="hlt">international</span> cooperation, ingenuity, and a commitment to scientific rigor and adaptive management. We applaud the conservation efforts begun 100 years ago with the Migratory Bird Treaty Convention. The agreement helped build the field of wildlife ecology and conservation in the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> but only partially prepares us for the ecological and social challenges ahead. </p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12343167','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12343167"><span>Urbanization in 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Altarejos, R G</p> <p>1990-01-01</p> <p>Due to a combination of rapid population growth and high levels of rural-urban migration, overcrowding will be common in many cities around the world in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. Currently at 5.3 billion, the global population is expected to increase to 6 billion by the year 2000, and to 9 billion by 2025. Experts predict that urban centers will bear the brunt of the population growth. Rural areas have seen declines in the standard of living, partly due to natural disasters, civil war, and economic policies favoring urban centers. In search of jobs, better access to education, and health services, rural populations will flock to cities. But the rapid growth of cities will inevitably lead to the creation of slums, which will hamper urban development. Urban demographers predict that by the end of the <span class="hlt">century</span>, 1/2 of the world's population will be urban, and 1/5 of these people will be concentrated in "mega cities," populations of 4 million or more. <span class="hlt">International</span> migration will play a significant role, as people cross borders in search of opportunity. But contrary to the traditional model of urban growth, much of it will take place in developing countries. According to a 1985 study, developed nations had an urbanization level of 71%, compared to 31% in developing countries. However, experts calculate that by 2025, these levels will practically even out, with an urbanization level of 74% for developing countries and 77% for developed countries. By 2025, 25 cities will have populations of over 9 million, including Mexico City (25.8), Sao Paulo (24.0), Tokyo (20.2), Calcutta (16.5), Greater Bombay (16.0), and New York (15.8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/935768','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/935768"><span>Science for the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Not Available</p> <p>2004-07-01</p> <p>The Federal government plays a key role in supporting the country's science infrastructure, a national treasure, and scientific research, an investment in our future. Scientific discoveries transform the way we think about our universe and ourselves, from the vastness of space to molecular-level biology. In innovations such as drugs derived through biotechnology and new communications technologies we see constant evidence of the power of science to improve lives and address national challenges. We had not yet learned to fly at the dawn of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, and could not have imagined the amazing 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> inventions that we now takemore » for granted. As we move into the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>, we eagerly anticipate new insights, discoveries, and technologies that will inspire and enrich us for many decades to come. This report presents the critical responsibilities of our Federal science enterprise and the actions taken by the Federal research agencies, through the National Science and Technology Council, to align our programs with scientific opportunity and with national needs. The many examples show how our science enterprise has responded to the President's priorities for homeland and national security, economic growth, health research, and the environment. In addition, we show how the science agencies work together to set priorities; coordinate <span class="hlt">related</span> research programs; leverage investments to promote discovery, translate science into national benefits, and sustain the national research enterprise; and promote excellence in math and science education and work force development.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26132264','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26132264"><span>The permanent <span class="hlt">relation</span> between biology, power and war: the dual use of the biotechnological development.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>de Almeida, Maria Eneida</p> <p>2015-07-01</p> <p>Throughout the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span>, the biological advance had a closer and closer <span class="hlt">relation</span> with the strategies of power in search of high technology. From 1970, the manipulation of genetically recombined pathogenic agents was a high technological breakthrough that radically over passed traditional biology and reinforced the war <span class="hlt">relations</span> of science. The biotechnological revolution started along with new perspectives for the political and military field of science. From this point of the biotechnological development a new paradigm for war, as well as for the sciences of life, was then created and new challenges for <span class="hlt">International</span> Health in the twenty first <span class="hlt">century</span> came into scene. Through a historical account <span class="hlt">related</span> to power, this paper is meant to present the mechanism of articulation existent between science and power and to contribute for understanding how the military field is naturally inserted in the biotechnological development which, in its essence, produces biotechnologies for civil and military uses.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=childhood+AND+anxiety&pg=5&id=EJ893394','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=childhood+AND+anxiety&pg=5&id=EJ893394"><span>Children's <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Attributions of Anxiety-<span class="hlt">Related</span> Physical Symptoms: Age-<span class="hlt">Related</span> Patterns and the Role of Cognitive Development and Anxiety Sensitivity</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Muris, Peter; Mayer, Birgit; Freher, Nancy Kramer; Duncan, Sylvana; van den Hout, Annemiek</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>The present study examined age-<span class="hlt">related</span> patterns in children's anxiety-<span class="hlt">related</span> interpretations and <span class="hlt">internal</span> attributions of physical symptoms. A large sample of 388 children aged between 4 and 13 years completed a vignette paradigm during which they had to explain the emotional response of the main character who experienced anxiety-<span class="hlt">related</span> physical…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1122540.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1122540.pdf"><span>Towards Reducing the Burden of Global Environmental <span class="hlt">Related</span> Health Problems in the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Olanipekun, Johnson Adetunji; Babatunde, Joseph Ojo</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>Environmental health issues are major risk factors in the global burden of disease. This paper therefore focuses on the most important link between health and environment. It discusses the most important environmental threats to health in the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> especially in the low and middle income countries. It reviews the burden of disease from…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17017253','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17017253"><span>Why American business demands twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> skills: an industry perspective.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Bruett, Karen</p> <p>2006-01-01</p> <p>Public education is the key to individual and business prosperity. With a vested stake in education, educators, employers, parents, policymakers, and the public should question how this nation's public education system is faring. Knowing that recent <span class="hlt">international</span> assessments have shown little or no gains in American students' achievement, the author asserts the clear need for change. As both a large American corporate employer and a provider of technology for schools, Dell is concerned with ensuring that youth will thrive in their adult lives. Changing workplace expectations lead to a new list of skills students will need to acquire before completing their schooling. Through technology, Dell supports schools in meeting educational goals, striving to supply students with the necessary skills, referred to as twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> skills. The Partnership for 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills, of which Dell is a member, has led an initiative to define what twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> learning should entail. Through extensive research, the partnership has built a framework outlining twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> skills: analytical thinking, communication, collaboration, global awareness, and technological and economic literacy. Dell and the partnership are working state by state to promote the integration of these skills into curricula, professional development for teachers, and classroom environments. The authors describe two current initiatives, one in Virginia, the other in Texas, which both use technology to help student learning. All stakeholders can take part in preparing young people to compete in the global economy. Educators and administrators, legislators, parents, and employers must play their role in helping students be ready for what the workforce and the world has in store for them.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=religion+AND+education&pg=2&id=EJ926525','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=religion+AND+education&pg=2&id=EJ926525"><span>Religion, Education, and Secularism in <span class="hlt">International</span> Agencies</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Stambach, Amy; Marshall, Katherine; Nelson, Matthew J.; Andreescu, Liviu; Kwayu, Aikande C.; Wexler, Philip; Hotam, Yotam; Fischer, Shlomo; El Bilawi, Hassan</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>During the interwar years of the early twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span>, and through at least the 1980s, education was seen by scholars, state leaders, and <span class="hlt">international</span> agency representatives alike as a way to modernize and secularize underdeveloped communities. Arguments about the modernizing power of education did not erase or discount the presence of…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014AGUFM.H13A1041H','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014AGUFM.H13A1041H"><span>The Large Marine Ecosystem Approach for 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Ocean Health and <span class="hlt">International</span> Sustainable Development</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Honey, K. T.</p> <p>2014-12-01</p> <p>The global coastal ocean and watersheds are divided into 66 Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs), which encompass regions from river basins, estuaries, and coasts to the seaward boundaries of continental shelves and margins of major currents. Approximately 80% of global fisheries catch comes from LME waters. Ecosystem goods and services from LMEs contribute an estimated US 18-25 trillion dollars annually to the global economy in market and non-market value. The critical importance of these large-scale systems, however, is threatened by human populations and pressures, including climate change. Fortunately, there is pragmatic reason for optimism. Interdisciplinary frameworks exist, such as the Large Marine Ecosystem (LME) approach for adaptive management that can integrate both nature-centric and human-centric views into ecosystem monitoring, assessment, and adaptive management practices for long-term sustainability. Originally proposed almost 30 years ago, the LME approach rests on five modules are: (i) productivity, (ii) fish and fisheries, (iii) pollution and ecosystem health, (iv) socioeconomics, and (v) governance for iterative adaptive management at a large, <span class="hlt">international</span> scale of 200,000 km2 or greater. The Global Environment Facility (GEF), World Bank, and United Nations agencies recognize and support the LME approach—as evidenced by over 3.15 billion in financial assistance to date for LME projects. This year of 2014 is an exciting milestone in LME history, after 20 years of the United Nations and GEF organizations adopting LMEs as a unit for ecosystem-based approaches to management. The LME approach, however, is not perfect. Nor is it immutable. Similar to the adaptive management framework it propones, the LME approach itself must adapt to new and emerging 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> technologies, science, and realities. The LME approach must further consider socioeconomics and governance. Within the socioeconomics module alone, several trillion-dollar opportunities exist</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=emotionality&id=EJ953878','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=emotionality&id=EJ953878"><span><span class="hlt">Relations</span> over Time among Children's Shyness, Emotionality, and <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> Problems</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Eggum, Natalie D.; Eisenberg, Nancy; Reiser, Mark; Spinrad, Tracy L.; Valiente, Carlos; Sallquist, Julie; Michalik, Nicole M.; Liew, Jeffrey</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>Data regarding children's shyness and emotionality were collected at three time points, two years apart (T1: N = 214, M = 6.12 years; T2: N = 185, M = 7.67 years; T3: N = 185, M = 9.70 years), and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> data were collected at T1 and T3. <span class="hlt">Relations</span> among parent-rated shyness, emotionality [parent- and teacher-rated anger, sadness, and…</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li class="active"><span>14</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_14 --> <div id="page_15" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li class="active"><span>15</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="281"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.epa.gov/pesticides/international-activities-related-pesticides','PESTICIDES'); return false;" href="https://www.epa.gov/pesticides/international-activities-related-pesticides"><span><span class="hlt">International</span> Activities <span class="hlt">Related</span> to Pesticides</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/search.htm">EPA Pesticide Factsheets</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>Regulating pesticides involves many <span class="hlt">international</span> issues and working with our regulatory partners in other countries. Learn about EPA's activities, upcoming meetings and workshops, and various regulatory issues.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23527080','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23527080"><span>The expression of emotions in 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> books.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Acerbi, Alberto; Lampos, Vasileios; Garnett, Philip; Bentley, R Alexander</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>We report here trends in the usage of "mood" words, that is, words carrying emotional content, in 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> English language books, using the data set provided by Google that includes word frequencies in roughly 4% of all books published up to the year 2008. We find evidence for distinct historical periods of positive and negative moods, underlain by a general decrease in the use of emotion-<span class="hlt">related</span> words through time. Finally, we show that, in books, American English has become decidedly more "emotional" than British English in the last half-<span class="hlt">century</span>, as a part of a more general increase of the stylistic divergence between the two variants of English language.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3604170','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3604170"><span>The Expression of Emotions in 20th <span class="hlt">Century</span> Books</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Acerbi, Alberto; Lampos, Vasileios; Garnett, Philip; Bentley, R. Alexander</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>We report here trends in the usage of “mood” words, that is, words carrying emotional content, in 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> English language books, using the data set provided by Google that includes word frequencies in roughly 4% of all books published up to the year 2008. We find evidence for distinct historical periods of positive and negative moods, underlain by a general decrease in the use of emotion-<span class="hlt">related</span> words through time. Finally, we show that, in books, American English has become decidedly more “emotional” than British English in the last half-<span class="hlt">century</span>, as a part of a more general increase of the stylistic divergence between the two variants of English language. PMID:23527080</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22209628','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22209628"><span>Student nurse perceptions of risk in <span class="hlt">relation</span> to <span class="hlt">international</span> placements: a phenomenological research study.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Morgan, Debra A</p> <p>2012-11-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">International</span> nursing electives have been identified as a positive learning experience for students. However, whilst there are risks associated with <span class="hlt">international</span> student placements in general, there is a scarcity of research specifically <span class="hlt">relating</span> to student nurse's experiences of risk. This study aimed to investigate UK undergraduate student nurse experiences of risk during an <span class="hlt">international</span> placement. A phenomenological methodology was applied and semi-structured interviews were conducted with student nurses who had recently returned from an <span class="hlt">international</span> clinical placement abroad. Ten, second year student nurses, studying on a pre-registration diploma/BSc (Hons) Nursing Studies/Registered Nurse programme from one UK University participated in the study. Findings from the study highlighted that students felt that three types of risk existed; physical risk, clinical-professional risk and socio-cultural risk. Perceptions of risk were influenced by sociological theory <span class="hlt">relating</span> to the concept of 'the other' and students attempted to reduce risk by employing strategies to reduce 'Otherness'. They also applied psychological theory <span class="hlt">relating</span> to heuristics such as 'safety in numbers.' It also emerged from the study that exposure to perceived risk enhanced learning as students reported that it encouraged personal and professional development in particular and so assisted students in their move toward self-actualisation. It is suggested, and intended, that findings from this study can be applied to the preparation of students to further enhance their safety and learning experience during <span class="hlt">international</span> placements abroad. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=International+AND+Relations&id=EJ1040266','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=International+AND+Relations&id=EJ1040266"><span>A Matter of Perspective: Teaching <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> in the Middle East</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Burns, Sean</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>In this article, the author looks at several popular <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span> textbooks in light of his experience teaching students in the Middle East. He finds that, for their many strengths, most of the books lack some key features that would make them more useful for students abroad.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=public+AND+opinion+AND+Malaysia&id=EJ589339','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=public+AND+opinion+AND+Malaysia&id=EJ589339"><span>Challenging Assumptions of <span class="hlt">International</span> Public <span class="hlt">Relations</span>: When Government Is the Most Important Public.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Taylor, Maureen; Kent, Michael L.</p> <p>1999-01-01</p> <p>Explores assumptions underlying Malaysia's and the United States' public-<span class="hlt">relations</span> practice. Finds many assumptions guiding Western theories and practices are not applicable to other countries. Examines the assumption that the practice of public <span class="hlt">relations</span> targets a variety of key organizational publics. Advances <span class="hlt">international</span> public-relations…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23983747','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23983747"><span>Women's perceived <span class="hlt">internal</span> control of future pregnancy outcomes and its <span class="hlt">related</span> factors.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Maleki, Azam; Mazloomzadeh, Saeideh</p> <p>2013-03-01</p> <p>With regards to the importance of women's beliefs in improving pregnancy outcomes, this study was performed to determine the perceived <span class="hlt">internal</span> control on future pregnancy outcomes and its <span class="hlt">related</span> factors in women who participated in pre-marital counseling. In a cross-sectional study, women's perceived <span class="hlt">internal</span> control was investigated. The study population comprised the women in reproductive age of whom 400 were selected by random sampling. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire consisting of demographic, pre-conceptional care, and <span class="hlt">internal</span> control questions. Two categories of favorite and not favorite levels of <span class="hlt">internal</span> control were defined based on the total score. The validity of the questionnaire was determined via content validity method by use of experts' opinion and its reliability was evaluated through the calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficient which was 0.76. Data were analyzed through frequency tables, correlation coefficient, and Chi-square test at the confidence level of 0.95. Two hundred sixty-five (65%) women had a good perceived <span class="hlt">internal</span> control and it was significantly associated with the age, educational level, and hearing about pre-conceptional care. The <span class="hlt">internal</span> control score also showed a positive and significant correlation with both age and the subject knowledge about folic acid (r = 0.19 and r = 0.15, respectively). The majority of women had a favorite perceived <span class="hlt">internal</span> control. Since age and educational level were the affecting factors on the perceived <span class="hlt">internal</span> control of women, promoting the level of <span class="hlt">internal</span> control in young women and those with low education in pre-marital counseling classes seems necessary.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70025427','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70025427"><span>Millennial- to <span class="hlt">century</span>-scale variability in Gulf of Mexico Holocene climate records</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Poore, R.Z.; Dowsett, H.J.; Verardo, S.; Quinn, T.M.</p> <p>2003-01-01</p> <p>Proxy records from two piston cores in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) provide a detailed (50-100 year resolution) record of climate variability over the last 14,000 years. Long-term (millennial-scale) trends and changes are <span class="hlt">related</span> to the transition from glacial to interglacial conditions and movement of the average position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) <span class="hlt">related</span> to orbital forcing. The ??18O of the surface-dwelling planktic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber show negative excursions between 14 and 10.2 ka (radiocarbon years) that reflect influx of meltwater into the western GOM during melting of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. The <span class="hlt">relative</span> abundance of the planktic foraminifer Globigerinoides sacculifer is <span class="hlt">related</span> to transport of Caribbean water into the GOM. Maximum transport of Caribbean surface waters and moisture into the GOM associated with a northward migration of the average position of the ITCZ occurs between about 6.5 and 4.5 ka. In addition, abundance variations of G. sacculifer show <span class="hlt">century</span>-scale variability throughout most of the Holocene. The GOM record is consistent with records from other areas, suggesting that <span class="hlt">century</span>-scale variability is a pervasive feature of Holocene climate. The frequency of several cycles in the climate records is similar to cycles identified in proxy records of solar variability, indicating that at least some of the <span class="hlt">century</span>-scale climate variability during the Holocene is due to external (solar) forcing.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015ERL....10a4010H','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015ERL....10a4010H"><span>Scenarios for the risk of hunger in the twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> using Shared Socioeconomic Pathways</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Hasegawa, Tomoko; Fujimori, Shinichiro; Takahashi, Kiyoshi; Masui, Toshihiko</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>Shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) are being developed <span class="hlt">internationally</span> for cross-sectoral assessments of climate change impacts, adaptation, and mitigation. These are five scenarios that include both qualitative and quantitative information for mitigation and adaptation challenges to climate change. In this study, we quantified scenarios for the risk of hunger in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> using SSPs, and clarified elements that influence future hunger risk. There were two primary findings: (1) risk of hunger in the 21st-<span class="hlt">century</span> greatly differed among five SSPs; and (2) population growth, improvement in the equality of food distribution within a country, and increases in food consumption mainly driven by income growth greatly influenced future hunger risk and were important elements in its long-term assessment.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4804222','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4804222"><span>From Decent Work to Decent Lives: Positive Self and <span class="hlt">Relational</span> Management (PS&RM) in the Twenty-First <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Di Fabio, Annamaria; Kenny, Maureen E.</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>The aim of the present study is to empirically test the theoretical model, Positive Self and <span class="hlt">Relational</span> Management (PS&RM), for a sample of 184 Italian university students. The PS&RM model specifies the development of individuals' strengths, potentials, and talents across the lifespan and with regard to the dialect of self in relationship. PS&RM is defined theoretically by three constructs: Positive Lifelong Life Management, Positive Lifelong Self-Management, Positive Lifelong <span class="hlt">Relational</span> Management. The three constructs are operationalized as follows: Positive Lifelong Life Management is measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), the Meaningful Life Measure (MLM), and the Authenticity Scale (AS); Positive Lifelong Self-Management is measured by the Intrapreneurial Self-Capital Scale (ISC), the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS), and the Life Project Reflexivity Scale (LPRS); and Positive Lifelong <span class="hlt">Relational</span> Management is measured by the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue), the Multidimensional Scale for Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and the Positive <span class="hlt">Relational</span> Management Scale (PRMS). Confirmatory factor analysis of the PS&RM model was completed using structural equation modeling. The theoretical PS&RM model was empirically tested as defined by the three hypothesized constructs. Empirical support for this model offers a framework for further research and the design of preventive interventions to promote decent work and decent lives in the twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span>. PMID:27047406</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=international+AND+education+AND+overseas+AND+studies&pg=2&id=EJ1095631','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=international+AND+education+AND+overseas+AND+studies&pg=2&id=EJ1095631"><span><span class="hlt">International</span> Students' Critical Thinking-<span class="hlt">Related</span> Problem Areas: UK University Teachers' Perspectives</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Shaheen, Nisbah</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>This qualitative study aims to understand the areas of <span class="hlt">international</span> students' critical thinking-<span class="hlt">related</span> initial difficulties, in order to facilitate their academic experiences in UK universities. Using a sample of 14 British teachers, the findings reveal that students from culturally and linguistically diverse traditions are very different in…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2014-title47-vol1/pdf/CFR-2014-title47-vol1-sec1-790.pdf','CFR2014'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2014-title47-vol1/pdf/CFR-2014-title47-vol1-sec1-790.pdf"><span>47 CFR 1.790 - Reports <span class="hlt">relating</span> to traffic by <span class="hlt">international</span> carriers.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collectionCfr.action?selectedYearFrom=2014&page.go=Go">Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR</a></p> <p></p> <p>2014-10-01</p> <p>... 47 Telecommunication 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Reports <span class="hlt">relating</span> to traffic by <span class="hlt">international</span> carriers. 1.790 Section 1.790 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE Complaints, Applications, Tariffs, and Reports Involving Common Carriers Financial and Accounting Reports and Requests § 1.790 Reports...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AGUFMGC31A0731M','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AGUFMGC31A0731M"><span>Global Cooling the in 21 <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Maruyama, S.; Genda, H.; Ikoma, M.</p> <p>2008-12-01</p> <p>[Objective] To predict the climate in the 21 <span class="hlt">Century</span> [Methods employed] Evaluating the functions to control the surface temperature of the Earth in order of potentials from high to low, 1) albedo mainly by glacier and cloud, 2) Sun activity (<span class="hlt">relative</span> Sunspot number), 3) greenhouse gas, and Millancovich effect, we estimate the climate change in 21 <span class="hlt">Century</span>. [Result] Albedo is further controlled by a) Galactic cosmic ray radiation, b)Earth's geomagnetic intensity, c)aerosols derived from volcanic ash, aeorian dusts, and d)aircrafts. Albedo effect is the largest; 1% cloud corresponds to 0.6K on the surface temperature of the Earth (Genda, 2008). Activity of Sun has been observed as the <span class="hlt">relative</span> change of sunspot number for the last 400 years. Moreover, the C14 of annual ring in the old tree such as Jo-mon redwood back to 6000 years has been measured. Periodical change of Sun activity in the past is extrapolated to the future, indicating the Sun activity has just passed the maximum ca. 2 years ago. Greenhouse gas is evaluated independently for each species. Predominant role is H2O which occupies about 90-95% among greenhouse gas. CO2 has increased 1-2 ppm every year for the last 100 years. 1 ppm corresponds to only 0.004K, which is negligibly small, compared to the potential of cloud effect. The Earth is in the stage of near the end of 20,000 years cycle of Millancovich. Although the 100,000 years cycle is clearly regular for the last 400,000 years, the 20,000 years cycle does not seem to be clear, and we are now hanging on the abrupt drop from inter-glacial to glacial period. Moreover, the role of volcanic eruption would force to cool the climate, if erupted as such a case of Pinatuvo in Philippine in 1992 when 0.5K dropped during 2 years. The rapidly decreasing the Earth's geomagnetism promotes the formation of cloud, to raise the amount of cloud in this <span class="hlt">Century</span>. More active industrial activity in Asia particularly China and India would increase the amounts of</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2011-title40-vol9/pdf/CFR-2011-title40-vol9-part63-subpartG-app26.pdf','CFR2011'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2011-title40-vol9/pdf/CFR-2011-title40-vol9-part63-subpartG-app26.pdf"><span>40 CFR Table 26 to Subpart G of... - Seal <span class="hlt">Related</span> Factors for <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Floating Roof Vessels</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collectionCfr.action?selectedYearFrom=2011&page.go=Go">Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR</a></p> <p></p> <p>2011-07-01</p> <p>... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Seal <span class="hlt">Related</span> Factors for <span class="hlt">Internal</span>..., and Wastewater Pt. 63, Subpt. G, Table 26 Table 26 to Subpart G of Part 63—Seal <span class="hlt">Related</span> Factors for <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Floating Roof Vessels Seal type KS n Liquid mounted resilient seal: Primary seal only 3.0 0 With...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2010-title40-vol9/pdf/CFR-2010-title40-vol9-part63-subpartG-app26.pdf','CFR'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2010-title40-vol9/pdf/CFR-2010-title40-vol9-part63-subpartG-app26.pdf"><span>40 CFR Table 26 to Subpart G of... - Seal <span class="hlt">Related</span> Factors for <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Floating Roof Vessels</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collectionCfr.action?selectedYearFrom=2010&page.go=Go">Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR</a></p> <p></p> <p>2010-07-01</p> <p>... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Seal <span class="hlt">Related</span> Factors for <span class="hlt">Internal</span>..., and Wastewater Pt. 63, Subpt. G, Table 26 Table 26 to Subpart G of Part 63—Seal <span class="hlt">Related</span> Factors for <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Floating Roof Vessels Seal type KS n Liquid mounted resilient seal: Primary seal only 3.0 0 With...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..19.7029A','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..19.7029A"><span>Critical analysis of documentary sources for Historical Climatology of Northern Portugal (17th-19th <span class="hlt">centuries</span>)</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Amorim, Inês; Sousa Silva, Luís; Garcia, João Carlos</p> <p>2017-04-01</p> <p>Critical analysis of documentary sources for Historical Climatology of Northern Portugal (17th-19th <span class="hlt">centuries</span>) Inês Amorim CITCEM, Department of History, Political and <span class="hlt">International</span> Studies, U. of Porto, Portugal. Luís Sousa Silva CITCEM, PhD Fellowship - FCT. João Carlos Garcia CIUHCT, Geography Department, U. of Porto, Portugal. The first major national project on Historical Climatology in Portugal, called "KLIMHIST: Reconstruction and model simulations of past climate in Portugal using documentary and early instrumental sources (17th-19th <span class="hlt">centuries</span>)", ended in September 2015, coordinated by Maria João Alcoforado. This project began in March 2012 and counted on an interdisciplinary team of researchers from four Portuguese institutions (Centre of Geographical Studies, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, University of Porto, and University of Évora), from different fields of knowledge (Geography, History, Biology, Climatology and Meteorology). The team networked and collaborated with other <span class="hlt">international</span> research groups on Climate Change and Historical Climatology, resulting in several publications. This project aimed to reconstruct thermal and rainfall patterns in Portugal between the 17th and 19th <span class="hlt">centuries</span>, as well as identify the main hydrometeorological extremes that occurred over that period. The basic methodology consisted in combining information from different types of anthropogenic sources (descriptive and instrumental) and natural sources (tree rings and geothermal holes), so as to develop climate change models of the past. The data collected were stored in a digital database, which can be searched by source, date, location and type of event. This database, which will be made publically available soon, contains about 3500 weather/climate-<span class="hlt">related</span> records, which have begun to be studied, processed and published. Following this seminal project, other initiatives have taken place in Portugal in the area of Historical Climatology, namely a Ph</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED543032.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED543032.pdf"><span>21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Map</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2011</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>The Partnership for 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills (P21) has forged alliances with key national organizations representing the core academic subjects, including Social Studies, English, Math, Science, Geography, World Languages and the Arts. These collaborations have resulted in the development of 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Maps that illustrate the essential…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28528032','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28528032"><span>A Surprising Alliance: Two Giants of the 20th <span class="hlt">Century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Sade, Robert M</p> <p>2017-06-01</p> <p>Alexis Carrel and Charles Lindbergh were among the most famous <span class="hlt">international</span> figures in the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>: Carrel, the surgeon-scientist who won a Nobel prize as a young surgeon, and Lindbergh, the aviator-engineer who pioneered aviation and promoted commercial flight throughout his life. Surprisingly, these two amazing individuals came together to collaborate on the early development of extracorporeal circulation. Their work was interrupted by the onset of World War II, which destroyed one of them and nearly destroyed the other. Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-Expedition_55_Vaughn_Next_Century_Learning_Center_2018_142_1500_656685.html','SCIGOVIMAGE-NASA'); return false;" href="https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-Expedition_55_Vaughn_Next_Century_Learning_Center_2018_142_1500_656685.html"><span>Expedition_55_Vaughn_Next_<span class="hlt">Century</span>_Learning_Center_2018_142_1500_656685</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://images.nasa.gov/">NASA Image and Video Library</a></p> <p></p> <p>2018-05-24</p> <p>SPACE STATION CREW DISCUSSES LIFE IN SPACE WITH CALIFORNIA STUDENTS----- Aboard the <span class="hlt">International</span> Space Station, Expedition 55 Flight Engineers Ricky Arnold and Scott Tingle of NASA discussed life and research aboard the orbital outpost during an in-flight educational event May 22 with students at the Vaughn Next <span class="hlt">Century</span> Learning Center in San Fernando, California. Arnold is in the midst of a six-month mission on the station, while Tingle is in the final weeks of his six-month sojourn on the complex, heading for a return to Earth on June 3.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/10276','TREESEARCH'); return false;" href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/10276"><span>Integrated tools for natural resources inventories in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/">Treesearch</a></p> <p>M. Hansen; T. Burk</p> <p>2000-01-01</p> <p>Includes 96 papers presented at the conference Integrated Tools for Natural Resources Inventories in the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span>, August 16-20, 1998, in Boise, Idaho, USA. This conference drew several hundred forest inventory and <span class="hlt">related</span> professionals from multiple organizational levels and over 30 foreign countries. Topics covered include those <span class="hlt">related</span> to natural resource...</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li class="active"><span>15</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_15 --> <div id="page_16" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li class="active"><span>16</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="301"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2011-07-26/pdf/2011-18820.pdf','FEDREG'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2011-07-26/pdf/2011-18820.pdf"><span>76 FR 44491 - Group Health Plans and Health Insurance Issuers: Rules <span class="hlt">Relating</span> to <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Claims and Appeals...</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collection.action?collectionCode=FR">Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014</a></p> <p></p> <p>2011-07-26</p> <p>... 37208) entitled, ``Group Health Plans and Health Insurance Issuers: Rules <span class="hlt">Relating</span> to <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Claims..., ``Group Health Plans and Health Insurance Issuers: Rules <span class="hlt">Relating</span> to <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Claims and Appeals and... external review processes for group health plans and health insurance issuers offering coverage in the...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=applications+AND+thermodynamic&pg=4&id=EJ280055','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=applications+AND+thermodynamic&pg=4&id=EJ280055"><span>Reference States and <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Values of <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Energy, Enthalpy, and Entropy.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Fredrickson, A. G.</p> <p>1983-01-01</p> <p>Discusses two reference states (pure chemical compounds and pure elements at specified condition of temperature and pressure) and the <span class="hlt">relation</span> between these reference states for <span class="hlt">internal</span> energy and enthalpy. Problem 5.11 from Modell and Reid's "Thermodynamics and its Applications" (p. 141) is used to apply the ideas discussed. (JN)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28931136','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28931136"><span>What proportion of <span class="hlt">international</span> travellers acquire a travel-<span class="hlt">related</span> illness? A review of the literature.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Angelo, Kristina M; Kozarsky, Phyllis E; Ryan, Edward T; Chen, Lin H; Sotir, Mark J</p> <p>2017-09-01</p> <p>As <span class="hlt">international</span> travel increases, travellers may be at increased risk of acquiring infectious diseases not endemic in their home countries. Many journal articles and reference books <span class="hlt">related</span> to travel medicine cite that between 22-64% of <span class="hlt">international</span> travellers become ill during or after travel; however, this information is minimal, outdated and limited by poor generalizability. We aim to provide a current and more accurate estimate of the proportion of <span class="hlt">international</span> travellers who acquire a travel-<span class="hlt">related</span> illness. We identified studies via PubMed or travel medicine experts, published between January 1, 1976-December 31, 2016 that included the number of <span class="hlt">international</span> travellers acquiring a travel-<span class="hlt">related</span> illness. We excluded studies that focused on a single disease or did not determine a rate based on the total number of travellers. We abstracted information on traveller demographics, trip specifics, study enrollment and follow-up and number of ill travellers and their illnesses. Of 743 studies, nine met the inclusion criteria. The data sources were from North America (four studies) and Europe (five studies). Most travellers were tourists, the most frequent destination regions were Asia and Africa, and the median trip duration ranged from 8-21 days. Six studies enrolled participants at the travellers' pre-travel consultation. All studies collected data through either extraction from the medical record, weekly diaries, or pre- and post-travel questionnaires. Data collection timeframes varied by study. Between 6-87% of travellers became ill across all studies. Four studies provided the best estimate: between 43-79% of travellers who frequently visited developing nations (e.g. India, Tanzania, and Kenya) became ill; travellers most frequently reported diarrhoea. This is the most comprehensive assessment available on the proportion of <span class="hlt">international</span> travellers that develop a travel-<span class="hlt">related</span> illness. Additional cohort studies would provide needed data to more precisely</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18342262','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18342262"><span>Social insect histology from the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>: the magnificent pioneer sections of Charles Janet.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Billen, Johan; Wilson, Edward O</p> <p>2008-05-01</p> <p>Charles Janet (1849-1932) was the leading pioneer in the histological description of the <span class="hlt">internal</span> anatomy of social insects, in particular of ants and wasps. Because many of the original Janet sections still exist, this article is able to illustrate the amazing skills through some selected pictures taken from this more than a <span class="hlt">century</span> old material, and thus to pay tribute to this French founder of insect morphology.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26070098','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26070098"><span>Media <span class="hlt">internalization</span> and conformity to traditional masculine norms in <span class="hlt">relation</span> to body image concerns among men.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>De Jesus, Arthur Y; Ricciardelli, Lina A; Frisén, Ann; Smolak, Linda; Yager, Zali; Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew; Diedrichs, Phillippa C; Franko, Debra; Gattario, Kristina Holmqvist</p> <p>2015-08-01</p> <p>Previous studies have separately examined conformity to masculine norms and <span class="hlt">internalization</span> of body ideals in the media in <span class="hlt">relation</span> to the drive for muscularity (DM). This study was designed to examine these factors together in <span class="hlt">relation</span> to DM, and further examine how they may differ in <span class="hlt">relation</span> to drive for thinness (DT) and drive for leanness (DL). Participants were 284 Australian males between ages 18 and 42. They completed validated measures that assessed DM, DT, DL, male gender role norms, and <span class="hlt">internalization</span> of body ideals. The findings showed that <span class="hlt">internalization</span> of body ideals mediated the relationship between masculine role norms and body image in the case of both DM and DL. However, masculine norms and <span class="hlt">internalization</span> were independent predictors of DT. Our findings contribute to further understanding of the roles that the media and masculine norms have in shaping men's drive for muscularity, leanness, and thinness. Longitudinal research is needed to confirm the nature and direction of these relationships. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013EGUGA..15.3651F','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013EGUGA..15.3651F"><span>ENSO-<span class="hlt">related</span> Interannual Variability of Southern Hemisphere Atmospheric Circulation: Assessment and Projected Changes in CMIP5 Models</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Frederiksen, Carsten; Grainger, Simon; Zheng, Xiaogu; Sisson, Janice</p> <p>2013-04-01</p> <p>ENSO variability is an important driver of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) atmospheric circulation. Understanding the observed and projected changes in ENSO variability is therefore important to understanding changes in Australian surface climate. Using a recently developed methodology (Zheng et al., 2009), the coherent patterns, or modes, of ENSO-<span class="hlt">related</span> variability in the SH atmospheric circulation can be separated from modes that are <span class="hlt">related</span> to intraseasonal variability or to changes in radiative forcings. Under this methodology, the seasonal mean SH 500 hPa geopotential height is considered to consist of three components. These are: (1) an intraseasonal component <span class="hlt">related</span> to <span class="hlt">internal</span> dynamics on intraseasonal time scales; (2) a slow-<span class="hlt">internal</span> component <span class="hlt">related</span> to <span class="hlt">internal</span> dynamics on slowly varying (interannual or longer) time scales, including ENSO; and (3) a slow-external component <span class="hlt">related</span> to external (i.e. radiative) forcings. Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOFs) are used to represent the modes of variability of the interannual covariance of the three components. An assessment is first made of the modes in models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) dataset for the SH summer and winter seasons in the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>. In reanalysis data, two EOFs of the slow component (which includes the slow-<span class="hlt">internal</span> and slow-external components) have been found to be <span class="hlt">related</span> to ENSO variability (Frederiksen and Zheng, 2007). In SH summer, the CMIP5 models reproduce the leading ENSO mode very well when the structures of the EOF and the associated SST, and associated variance are considered. There is substantial improvement in this mode when compared with the CMIP3 models shown in Grainger et al. (2012). However, the second ENSO mode in SH summer has a poorly reproduced EOF structure in the CMIP5 models, and the associated variance is generally underestimated. In SH winter, the performance of the CMIP5 models in reproducing the structure and variance is</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=competition+AND+engineering+AND+field&pg=4&id=ED534582','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=competition+AND+engineering+AND+field&pg=4&id=ED534582"><span>Building a "National Civilization" at Home and Abroad: <span class="hlt">International</span> Students and Changing U.S. Political Economy</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Aw, Fanta</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>The research study examines the relationship of <span class="hlt">international</span> students to changing U.S. political economy. The research attempts to move <span class="hlt">international</span> students from the periphery to the center of understanding the changing U.S. political economy in the twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span>. I argue that <span class="hlt">international</span> students play an important role in building a…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3695069','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3695069"><span>Prospective <span class="hlt">Relations</span> between Parental Depression, Negative Expressiveness, Emotional Insecurity, and Children’s <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> Symptoms</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Cummings, E. Mark; Cheung, Rebecca Y. M.; Davies, Patrick T.</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>Building on the conceptual framework of emotional security theory (EST) [1], this study longitudinally examined multiple factors linking parental depressive symptoms and child <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms. Participants were 235 children (106 boys, 129 girls) and their cohabiting parents. Assessments included mothers’ and fathers’ depressive symptoms when children were in kindergarten, parents’ negative expressiveness when children were in first grade, children’s emotional insecurity one year later, and children’s <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms in kindergarten and second grade. Findings revealed both mothers’ and fathers’ depressive symptoms were <span class="hlt">related</span> to changes in children’s <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms as a function of parents’ negative emotional expressiveness and children’s emotional insecurity. In addition to these similar pathways, distinctive pathways as a function of parental gender were identified. Contributions are considered for understanding <span class="hlt">relations</span> between parental depressive symptoms and children’s development. PMID:23371814</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=ibs&pg=3&id=EJ982480','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=ibs&pg=3&id=EJ982480"><span>A Global Study of the Practice and Impact of Distributed Instructional Leadership in <span class="hlt">International</span> Baccalaureate (IB) Schools</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Hallinger, Philip; Lee, Moosung</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>Over the last half <span class="hlt">century</span>, <span class="hlt">international</span> schools have come to represent an increasingly important sector in the changing global education context. <span class="hlt">International</span> Baccalaureate (IB) schools in particular, and <span class="hlt">international</span> schools more generally, can be viewed as specific types of educational contexts for leadership practice. In this article we…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=role+AND+overload&pg=3&id=EJ805632','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=role+AND+overload&pg=3&id=EJ805632"><span>Managing the Role Stress of Public <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Practitioners in <span class="hlt">International</span> Schools</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Bunnell, Tristan</p> <p>2006-01-01</p> <p>This article examines the diverse role and work of public <span class="hlt">relations</span> practitioners in the growing body of <span class="hlt">international</span> schools. It examines evidence of "role stress" in the form of the subsets of role overload, role ambiguity, role conflict and role preparedness. Three particular aspects were identified. The role seems prone to change alongside…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28781422','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28781422"><span>Sailors in wonderland: Dutch sperm whaling during the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>, 1827-1849.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Schokkenbroek, Joost Ca</p> <p>2017-05-01</p> <p>The Dutch engaged in whaling between 1612 and 1964, with intervals of non-activity in the last quarter of the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth <span class="hlt">centuries</span>. Under varied circumstances, the Dutch have relied upon the expertise of foreign whalemen. The involvement of Basque whalers in the foundation and organisation of Dutch whaling expeditions during the first half of the seventeenth <span class="hlt">century</span> is fully documented. Less well known is the collaboration between the Dutch and whaling experts from the United States during the first half of the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>. This article <span class="hlt">relates</span> to a number of expeditions undertaken by Dutch and American whalemen, who headed for hunting grounds unfamiliar to the Dutch. It examines the political and economic contexts within which American involvement should be considered, and identifies the results of this involvement.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFMGC31D..08T','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFMGC31D..08T"><span>US Food Security and Climate Change: Mid-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Projections of Commodity Crop Production by the IMPACT Model</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Takle, E. S.; Gustafson, D. I.; Beachy, R.; Nelson, G. C.; Mason-D'Croz, D.; Palazzo, A.</p> <p>2013-12-01</p> <p>Agreement is developing among agricultural scientists on the emerging inability of agriculture to meet growing global food demands. The lack of additional arable land and availability of freshwater have long been constraints on agriculture. Changes in trends of weather conditions that challenge physiological limits of crops, as projected by global climate models, are expected to exacerbate the global food challenge toward the middle of the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. These climate- and constraint-driven crop production challenges are interconnected within a complex global economy, where diverse factors add to price volatility and food scarcity. We use the DSSAT crop modeling suite, together with mid-<span class="hlt">century</span> projections of four AR4 global models, as input to the <span class="hlt">International</span> Food Policy Research Institute IMPACT model to project the impact of climate change on food security through the year 2050 for <span class="hlt">internationally</span> traded crops. IMPACT is an iterative model that responds to endogenous and exogenous drivers to dynamically solve for the world prices that ensure global supply equals global demand. The modeling methodology reconciles the limited spatial resolution of macro-level economic models that operate through equilibrium-driven relationships at a national level with detailed models of biophysical processes at high spatial resolution. The analysis presented here suggests that climate change in the first half of the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> does not represent a near-term threat to food security in the US due to the availability of adaptation strategies (e.g., loss of current growing regions is balanced by gain of new growing regions). However, as climate continues to trend away from 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> norms current adaptation measures will not be sufficient to enable agriculture to meet growing food demand. Climate scenarios from higher-level carbon emissions exacerbate the food shortfall, although uncertainty in climate model projections (particularly precipitation) is a limitation to impact</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19940006109','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19940006109"><span>The Second <span class="hlt">International</span> Workshop on Squeezed States and Uncertainty <span class="hlt">Relations</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Han, D. (Editor); Kim, Y. S.; Manko, V. I.</p> <p>1993-01-01</p> <p>This conference publication contains the proceedings of the Second <span class="hlt">International</span> Workshop on Squeezed States and Uncertainty <span class="hlt">Relations</span> held in Moscow, Russia, on 25-29 May 1992. The purpose of this workshop was to study possible applications of squeezed states of light. The Workshop brought together many active researchers in squeezed states of light and those who may find the concept of squeezed states useful in their research, particularly in understanding the uncertainty <span class="hlt">relations</span>. It was found at this workshop that the squeezed state has a much broader implication than the two-photon coherent states in quantum optics, since the squeeze transformation is one of the most fundamental transformations in physics.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15737956','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15737956"><span>Spirometry, measurement, and race in the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Braun, Lundy</p> <p>2005-04-01</p> <p>Race correction is a common practice in contemporary pulmonary medicine that involves mathematical adjustment of lung capacity measurements in populations designated as "black" using standards derived largely from populations designated as "white." This article traces the history of the racialization and gendering of spirometry through an examination of the ideas and practices <span class="hlt">related</span> to lung capacity measurements that circulated between Britain and the United States in the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>. Lung capacity was first conceptualized as a discrete entity of potential use in the diagnosis of pulmonary disease and monitoring of the vitality of the armed forces and other public servants in spirometric studies conducted in mid-nineteenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> Britain. The spirometer was then imported to the United States and used to measure the capacity of the lungs in a large study of black and white soldiers in the Union Army sponsored by the U.S. Sanitary Commission at the end of the Civil War. Despite contrary findings and contestation by leading black intellectuals, the notion of mean differences between racial groups in the capacity of the lungs became deeply entrenched in the popular and scientific imagination in the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>, leaving unexamined both the racial categories deployed to organize data and the conditions of life that shape lung function.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12282245','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12282245"><span>[The foundation of <span class="hlt">international</span> migration policies in Latin America].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Marmora, L</p> <p>1988-12-01</p> <p>A government's <span class="hlt">international</span> migration policies are intended to influence the size, composition, direction, destination, or integration of <span class="hlt">international</span> migratory flows. The justification for migratory policies has been based on a series of themes that have had varied weights in different stages of Latin American history. Migrations as population settlement, the desired or undesired characteristics of migrants, the economic impact of migration, the role of migration in <span class="hlt">relations</span> between countries, and the ethical dimensions of migratory movement have been the major policy issues. The 1st migration policies in Latin America saw <span class="hlt">international</span> migration as a means of settling the colonies. After independence, migratory policies oriented toward massive settlement became common. Although the stated goals were to settle entire territories with immigrants, the usual result was to absorb immigrants in certain economic sectors with high demand for labor. In the colonial period both Spain and Portugal attempted to restrict immigration to the Catholic segment of their own populations. After independence, the criteria were liberalized somewhat but still reflected prejudices about the racial superiority of certain types of European immigration. The selection principals which appeared most clearly during the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span> were overwhelmed to the extent that immigration was tranformed into provision of labor to meet unsatisfied needs for workers. Indiscriminate admissions and recourse to nontraditional elements such as Chinese and Japanese was strongest in countries needing labor for tropical agriculture or extractive industries. The economic argument that migration contributed to development was widespread economic argument that migration contributed to development was widespread in the 19th and early 20th <span class="hlt">centuries</span>, but new rules were made to restrict immigration to protect local labor markets during the worldwide depression of the 1930s. In recent decades, migration policies</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22611911','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22611911"><span>[Criminology and superstition at the turn of the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span>].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Bachhiesl, Christian</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>Criminology, which institutionalised at university level at the turn of the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span>, was intensively engaged in the exploration of superstition. Criminologists investigated the various phenomena of superstition and the criminal behaviour resulting from it. They discovered bizarre (real or imagined) worlds of thought and mentalities, which they subjected to a rationalistic regime of interpretation in order to arrive at a better understanding of offences and crimes <span class="hlt">related</span> to superstition. However, they sometimes also considered the use of occultist practices such as telepathy and clairvoyance to solve criminal cases. As a motive for committing homicide superstition gradually became less relevant in the course of the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span>. Around 1900, superstition was accepted as a plausible explanation in this context only if a psychopathic form of superstition was involved. In the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, superstition was no longer regarded as an explanans but an explanandum.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12348529','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12348529"><span>The Jakarta Declaration on health promotion in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p></p> <p>1998-01-01</p> <p>The Fourth <span class="hlt">International</span> Conference on Health Promotion, held in Jakarta, Indonesia, in July 1997, focused on the theme: New Players for a New Era--Leading Health Promotion into the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span>. Health promotion strategies can change life-styles as well as the social, economic, and environmental conditions that determine health. Most effective are comprehensive approaches that combine public policy efforts, the creation of supportive environments, community action, the development of personal skills, and a reorientation of health services. Also required is the creation of new partnerships for health between different sectors at all levels of society and government. The conference identified five priorities for health promotion in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>: 1) promote social responsibility for health; 2) increase investments for health development, especially for groups such as women, children, older persons, the indigenous, the poor, and marginalized populations; 3) consolidate and expand partnerships for health to enable the sharing of expertise, skills, and resources; 4) increase community capacity and empower the individual; and 5) secure an infrastructure for health promotion through new funding mechanisms, intersectoral collaboration, and training of local leadership.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=free+AND+education+AND+everyone&pg=7&id=ED343247','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=free+AND+education+AND+everyone&pg=7&id=ED343247"><span>Spotlight of a <span class="hlt">Century</span> of Educational Reform in England.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Henry, Thomas B.</p> <p></p> <p>During the past 100 years, there has been an evolution in publicly funded education in England. This report provides a historical perspective for recent reforms and spotlights three <span class="hlt">related</span> areas. The first section describes the early 19th-<span class="hlt">century</span> Newcastle Commission's efforts to design a system of sound and cheap elementary education for…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=strategic+AND+brand+AND+management&id=EJ932981','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=strategic+AND+brand+AND+management&id=EJ932981"><span>Transformative Pedagogy, Leadership and School Organisation for the Twenty-First-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Knowledge-Based Economy: The Case of Singapore</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Dimmock, Clive; Goh, Jonathan W. P.</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>Singapore has a high performing school system; its students top <span class="hlt">international</span> tests in maths and science. Yet while the Singapore government cherishes its world class "brand", it realises that in a globally competitive world, its schools need to prepare students for the twenty-first-<span class="hlt">century</span> knowledge-based economy (KBE). Accordingly,…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=history+AND+geography&pg=3&id=EJ1053750','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=history+AND+geography&pg=3&id=EJ1053750"><span>History, Nation and School Inspections: The Introduction of Citizenship Education in Elementary Schools in Late Nineteenth-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Sweden</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Evertsson, Jakob</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>It was in the late nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span> that teaching in Sweden's elementary schools began its transformation from a religious education to a broader, national citizenship education that included history and geography. <span class="hlt">International</span> research has pointed to a connection between the introduction of school inspections and the reform of public education…</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li class="active"><span>16</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_16 --> <div id="page_17" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li class="active"><span>17</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="321"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Big+AND+bang+AND+theory&pg=2&id=EJ309015','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Big+AND+bang+AND+theory&pg=2&id=EJ309015"><span>20 Discoveries that Shaped Our Lives: <span class="hlt">Century</span> of the Sciences.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Judson, Horace Freeland</p> <p>1984-01-01</p> <p>Describes (in separate articles) 20 developments in science, technology, and medicine that were made during the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> and had significant impact on society. They include discoveries <span class="hlt">related</span> to intelligence tests, plastics, aviation, antibiotics, genetics, evolution, birth control, computers, transistors, DNA, lasers, statistics,…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3146774','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3146774"><span>Twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> vaccines</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Rappuoli, Rino</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>In the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span>, vaccination has been possibly the greatest revolution in health. Together with hygiene and antibiotics, vaccination led to the elimination of many childhood infectious diseases and contributed to the increase in disability-free life expectancy that in Western societies rose from 50 to 78–85 years (Crimmins, E. M. & Finch, C. E. 2006 Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 103, 498–503; Kirkwood, T. B. 2008 Nat. Med 10, 1177–1185). In the twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span>, vaccination will be expected to eliminate the remaining childhood infectious diseases, such as meningococcal meningitis, respiratory syncytial virus, group A streptococcus, and will address the health challenges of this <span class="hlt">century</span> such as those associated with ageing, antibiotic resistance, emerging infectious diseases and poverty. However, for this to happen, we need to increase the public trust in vaccination so that vaccines can be perceived as the best insurance against most diseases across all ages. PMID:21893537</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26826649','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26826649"><span>Youth <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms, sleep-<span class="hlt">related</span> problems, and disordered eating attitudes and behaviors: A moderated mediation analysis.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Chardon, Marie L; Janicke, David M; Carmody, Julia K; Dumont-Driscoll, Marilyn C</p> <p>2016-04-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> symptoms increase the risk for disordered eating; however, the mechanism through which this relationship occurs remains unclear. Sleep-<span class="hlt">related</span> problems may be a potential link as they are associated with both emotional functioning and disordered eating. The present study aims to evaluate the mediating roles of two sleep-<span class="hlt">related</span> problems (sleep disturbance and daytime sleepiness) in the relationship between youth <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms and disordered eating, and to explore if age moderates these <span class="hlt">relations</span>. Participants were 225 youth (8-17years) attending a primary care appointment. Youth and legal guardians completed questionnaires about youth disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms, sleep disturbance, and daytime sleepiness. Mediation and moderated mediation analyses were utilized. The mediation model revealed both youth sleep disturbance and daytime sleepiness independently mediated the association between <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms and disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, and explained 18% of the variance in disordered eating. The moderated mediation model including youth age accounted for 21% of the variance in disordered eating; youth age significantly interacted with sleep disturbance, but not with daytime sleepiness, to predict disordered eating. Sleep disturbance only mediated the relationship between <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms and disordered eating in youth 12years old and younger, while daytime sleepiness was a significant mediator regardless of age. As sleep-<span class="hlt">related</span> problems are frequently improved with the adoption of health behaviors conducive to good sleep, these results may suggest a <span class="hlt">relatively</span> modifiable and cost-effective target to reduce youth risk for disordered eating. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=service+AND+recovery+AND+process&pg=6&id=ED474199','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=service+AND+recovery+AND+process&pg=6&id=ED474199"><span>Developing Teachers and Teaching Practice: <span class="hlt">International</span> Research Perspectives.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Sugrue, Ciaran, Ed.; Day, Christopher, Ed.</p> <p></p> <p>This volume presents a selection of the 200 papers given at the 1999 biennial conference of the <span class="hlt">International</span> Study Association on Teachers and Teaching. The theme of the conference was "Teachers and Teaching: Revisioning Policy and Practice for the Twenty-First <span class="hlt">Century</span>." The 15 papers are: (1) "Teaching in a Box: Emotional…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=sub+AND+conscious&id=EJ1036314','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=sub+AND+conscious&id=EJ1036314"><span>Understanding Social Learning <span class="hlt">Relations</span> of <span class="hlt">International</span> Students in a Large Classroom Using Social Network Analysis</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Rienties, Bart; Héliot, YingFei; Jindal-Snape, Divya</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>A common assumption in higher education is that <span class="hlt">international</span> students find it difficult to develop learning and friendship <span class="hlt">relations</span> with host students. When students are placed in a student-centred environment, <span class="hlt">international</span> students from different cultural backgrounds are "forced" to work together with other students, which allows…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=international+AND+relations+AND+quarterly&pg=4&id=EJ418691','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=international+AND+relations+AND+quarterly&pg=4&id=EJ418691"><span>Government Publications as Bibliographic References in the Periodical Literature of <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span>: A Citation Analysis.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Brill, Margaret S.</p> <p>1990-01-01</p> <p>Describes a study that used citation analysis to identify the government publications cited in <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span> journals for 1964, 1974, and 1984. U.S. government, foreign government, and <span class="hlt">international</span> organization publications and documents are compared by citation rate; implications for collection development in libraries are discussed;…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29793701','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29793701"><span>Determinants of health-<span class="hlt">related</span> quality of life in <span class="hlt">international</span> graduate students.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Ogunsanya, Motolani E; Bamgbade, Benita A; Thach, Andrew V; Sudhapalli, Poojee; Rascati, Karen L</p> <p>2018-04-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">International</span> graduate students often experience additional levels of stress due to acculturation. Given the impact of stress on health outcomes (both physical and mental), this study examined the health-<span class="hlt">related</span> quality of life (HRQoL) in <span class="hlt">international</span> graduate students to determine its association with acculturative stress, perceived stress, and use of coping mechanisms. A cross-sectional, self-administered survey was designed and sent to 38 student chapters within the <span class="hlt">International</span> Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) student network. HRQoL [physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS)] was measured using the 12-item Short Form (SF-12) while coping mechanisms were assessed using the Brief COPE Scale. Acculturative and perceived stress were assessed using the Acculturative Stress Scale for <span class="hlt">International</span> students [ASSIS] and Graduate Stress Inventory-Revised (GSI-R), respectively. Demographic and personal information (e.g. age, religion) were also collected. Descriptive statistics (mean ± SD and frequency) and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were conducted. The average PCS and MCS were 60 ± 9 and 44 ± 13, respectively, indicating that while the physical health was above the United States (US) general population norm (50), mental health scores were lower. Findings from the hierarchical multiple regression showed that perceived and acculturative stress significantly predicted mental health. Acculturative stress was also a significant predictor of physical health. The results from this study support the hypothesis that <span class="hlt">international</span> students in the US experience both perceived and acculturative stress that significantly impacts their HRQoL. Universities should consider providing education on stress reduction techniques to improve the health of <span class="hlt">international</span> graduate students. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29160943','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29160943"><span>A meta-analysis of the differential <span class="hlt">relations</span> of traditional and cyber-victimization with <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Gini, Gianluca; Card, Noel A; Pozzoli, Tiziana</p> <p>2018-03-01</p> <p>This meta-analysis examined the associations between cyber-victimization and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems controlling for the occurrence of traditional victimization. Twenty independent samples with a total of 90,877 participants were included. Results confirmed the significant intercorrelation between traditional and cyber-victimization (r = .43). They both have medium-to-large bivariate correlations with <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems. Traditional victimization (sr = .22) and cyber-victimization (sr = .12) were also uniquely <span class="hlt">related</span> to <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems. The difference in the <span class="hlt">relations</span> between each type of victimization and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems was small (differential d = .06) and not statistically significant (p = .053). Moderation of these effect sizes by sample characteristics (e.g., age and proportion of girls) and study features (e.g., whether a definition of bullying was provided to participants and the time frame used as reference) was investigated. Results are discussed within the extant literature on cyber-aggression and cyber-victimization and future directions are proposed. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-07-05/pdf/2012-16432.pdf','FEDREG'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-07-05/pdf/2012-16432.pdf"><span>77 FR 39794 - Notice of Release From Federal Grant Assurance Obligations at Fresno Yosemite <span class="hlt">International</span>...</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collection.action?collectionCode=FR">Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014</a></p> <p></p> <p>2012-07-05</p> <p>.... Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> (AIR 21), Public Law 106-181 (Apr. 5, 2000... Assurance Obligations at Fresno Yosemite <span class="hlt">International</span> Airport, Fresno, CA AGENCY: Federal Aviation... approximately 13.35 acres of airport property at the Fresno Yosemite <span class="hlt">International</span> Airport (FAT), Fresno...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70026996','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70026996"><span>Seventeenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> uplift in eastern Hokkaido, Japan</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Atwater, B.F.; Furakawa, R.; Hemphill-Haley, E.; Ikeda, Y.; Kashima, K.; Kawase, K.; Kelsey, H.M.; Moore, A.L.; Nanayama, F.; Nishimura, Y.; Odagiri, S.; Ota, Y.; Park, S.-C.; Satake, K.; Sawai, Y.; Shimokawa, K.</p> <p>2004-01-01</p> <p>Shores of eastern Hokkaido rose by perhaps 1 m a few <span class="hlt">centuries</span> ago. The uplifted area extended at least 50 km along the southern Kuril Trench. It included the estuaries Akkeshi-ko and Hichirippu, on the Pacific coast, and Fu??ren-ko and Onneto??, which open to the Okhotsk Sea. At each estuary, intertidal and subtidal flats rose with respect to tide level; wetland plants colonized the emerging land; and peaty wetland deposits thereby covered mud and sand of the former flats. Previous work at Akkeshi-ko and Onneto?? showed that such emergence occurred at least three times in the past 3000 years. Volcanic-ash layers date the youngest emergence to the seventeenth <span class="hlt">century</span> AD. New evidence from Akkeshi-ko, Hichirippu and Fu??ren-ko clarifies the age and amount of this youngest emergence. Much of it probably dates from the <span class="hlt">century</span>'s middle decades. Some of the newly emerged land remained above high tides into the middle of the eighteenth <span class="hlt">century</span> or later. The emergence in the last half of the seventeenth <span class="hlt">century</span> probably exceeded 0.5 m (inferred from stratigraphy and diatom palaeoecology) without far exceeding 1 m (estimated by comparing seventeenth- and eighteenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> descriptions of Akkeshi-ko). The stratigraphy and palaeoecology of the emergence are better explained by tectonic uplift than by bay-mouth blockage, tidal-flat accretion or sea-level fall. Eastern Hokkaido needs occasional uplift, moreover, to help reconcile its raised marine terraces with its chronic twentieth-<span class="hlt">century</span> subsidence. Because it took place above forearc mantle, eastern Hokkaido's seventeenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> uplift probably lacks analogy with coseismic uplift that occurs above typical plate-boundary ruptures at subduction zones.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002AGUSMGC32A..01S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002AGUSMGC32A..01S"><span>The <span class="hlt">Century</span>-Long Challenge of Global Carbon Management</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Socolow, R.</p> <p>2002-05-01</p> <p>The time scale of the global carbon management is a <span class="hlt">century</span>, not a decade and not a millennium. A <span class="hlt">century</span> is the ratio of 1000 billion metric tons of carbon [Gt(C)] to 10 Gt(C)/yr. 1000 Gt(C) is the future emissions that will lead to approximately a doubling of the pre-industrial atmospheric CO2 concentration, 280 ppm, assuming the total net ocean plus terrestrial sink remains at half the strength of this source - since 2.1 Gt (C) = 1 ppm, and the concentration today is already 370 ppm. Doubling is the most widely used boundary between acceptable and unacceptable Greenhouse-<span class="hlt">related</span> environmental disruption, or, in the language of the Framework Convention on Climate Change, the onset of "dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system." And 10 Gt(C)/yr is a conservative estimate of the average annual fossil-fuel carbon source over the <span class="hlt">century</span>; it is now between 6 and 7 Gt(C). Conventional oil and gas are not sufficiently abundant to generate a serious Greenhouse problem on their own. Well before their cumulative carbon emissions reach 1000 Gt(C), both are expected to become non-competitive as a result of growing costs of access (costs <span class="hlt">related</span> to resources being very deep underground, or below very deep water, or very remote, or very small.) But several times 1000 Gt(C) of coal resources will probably be competitive with non-fossil fuel alternatives, as will "unconventional" oil and gas resources, such as tar sands. The world will not be saved from a serious Greenhouse problem by fossil fuel depletion. There are four mitigation strategies for avoiding dangerous interference with the climate system. Fossil fuels can cease to dominate the global energy system well before the end of the <span class="hlt">century</span>, yielding large market share to some combination of renewable energy and nuclear (fission and fusion) energy sources. Fossil fuels can continue to dominate, but most of the carbon in the <span class="hlt">century</span>'s fossil fuels can be prevented from reaching the atmosphere (fossil</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26176732','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26176732"><span>Categorizing food-<span class="hlt">related</span> illness: Have we got it right?</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Manning, Louise</p> <p>2017-06-13</p> <p>Since the 1950s food safety hazards have been categorized simply as (micro) biological, chemical or physical hazards with no clear differentiation between those that cause acute and chronic harm. Indeed <span class="hlt">international</span> risk assessment methods, including hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) use these criteria. However, the spectrum of food <span class="hlt">related</span> illness continues to grow now encompassing food allergy and intolerance, obesity, type 2 diabetes, stroke, heart disease, cancer as well as food poisoning, foodborne illness and food contamination. Therefore over a half-<span class="hlt">century</span> later is this the time to redefine the spectrum of what constitutes food <span class="hlt">related</span> illness? This paper considers whether such "redefinition" of food <span class="hlt">related</span> intoxicating and infectious agents would provide more targeted policy instruments and lead to better risk assessment and thus mitigation of such risk within the food supply chain.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25425100','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25425100"><span><span class="hlt">Relations</span> of Parenting to Adolescent Externalizing and <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> Distress Moderated by Perception of Neighborhood Danger.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Goldner, Jonathan S; Quimby, Dakari; Richards, Maryse H; Zakaryan, Arie; Miller, Steve; Dickson, Daniel; Chilson, Jessica</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>Parental monitoring and warmth have traditionally been studied in the context of White, middle-class families. This article explores optimal levels of these parenting behaviors in preventing adolescent psychopathology in impoverished, urban high-crime areas while accounting for child perceptions of neighborhood danger. In this study, data were collected longitudinally at 2 time points 1 year apart from a sample of 254 African American young adolescents (T1: M age = 12.6 years, 41% male) and their parents. Parental monitoring and warmth, child perception of neighborhood danger, and child <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> and externalizing behaviors were measured using questionnaires. Child <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> behaviors were also measured using a time sampling technique capturing in vivo accounts of daily distress. Findings indicated associations between parental monitoring and children's externalizing behaviors along with linear and quadratic associations between parental monitoring and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> behaviors. Monitoring and warmth were differentially <span class="hlt">related</span> to symptoms depending on neighborhood danger level. When children perceived less danger, more monitoring <span class="hlt">related</span> to less externalizing. When children perceived more danger, more warmth <span class="hlt">related</span> to less <span class="hlt">internalizing</span>. In addition, adolescents' perceptions of neighborhood danger emerged as equally strong as monitoring and warmth in predicting symptoms. This study underscores the influence of carefully considering parenting approaches and which techniques optimally prevent adolescents' externalizing, as well as prevent <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> difficulties. It also highlights how context affects mental health, specifically how perceptions of danger negatively influence adolescents' psychopathology, emphasizing the importance of initiatives to reduce violence in communities.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20040141805&hterms=Endocytosis&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntt%3DEndocytosis','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20040141805&hterms=Endocytosis&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntt%3DEndocytosis"><span>Collagenase-3 binds to a specific receptor and requires the low density lipoprotein receptor-<span class="hlt">related</span> protein for <span class="hlt">internalization</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Barmina, O. Y.; Walling, H. W.; Fiacco, G. J.; Freije, J. M.; Lopez-Otin, C.; Jeffrey, J. J.; Partridge, N. C.</p> <p>1999-01-01</p> <p>We have previously identified a specific receptor for collagenase-3 that mediates the binding, <span class="hlt">internalization</span>, and degradation of this ligand in UMR 106-01 rat osteoblastic osteosarcoma cells. In the present study, we show that collagenase-3 binding is calcium-dependent and occurs in a variety of cell types, including osteoblastic and fibroblastic cells. We also present evidence supporting a two-step mechanism of collagenase-3 binding and <span class="hlt">internalization</span> involving both a specific collagenase-3 receptor and the low density lipoprotein receptor-<span class="hlt">related</span> protein. Ligand blot analysis shows that (125)I-collagenase-3 binds specifically to two proteins ( approximately 170 kDa and approximately 600 kDa) present in UMR 106-01 cells. Western blotting identified the 600-kDa protein as the low density lipoprotein receptor-<span class="hlt">related</span> protein. Our data suggest that the 170-kDa protein is a specific collagenase-3 receptor. Low density lipoprotein receptor-<span class="hlt">related</span> protein-null mouse embryo fibroblasts bind but fail to <span class="hlt">internalize</span> collagenase-3, whereas UMR 106-01 and wild-type mouse embryo fibroblasts bind and <span class="hlt">internalize</span> collagenase-3. <span class="hlt">Internalization</span>, but not binding, is inhibited by the 39-kDa receptor-associated protein. We conclude that the <span class="hlt">internalization</span> of collagenase-3 requires the participation of the low density lipoprotein receptor-<span class="hlt">related</span> protein and propose a model in which the cell surface interaction of this ligand requires a sequential contribution from two receptors, with the collagenase-3 receptor acting as a high affinity primary binding site and the low density lipoprotein receptor-<span class="hlt">related</span> protein mediating <span class="hlt">internalization</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=marketing+AND+strategies+AND+challenges&pg=6&id=EJ668235','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=marketing+AND+strategies+AND+challenges&pg=6&id=EJ668235"><span>The Third Wave: Future Trends in <span class="hlt">International</span> Education.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Mazzarol, Tim; Soutar, Geoffrey Norman; Seng, Michael Sim Yaw</p> <p>2003-01-01</p> <p>Describes how the second half of the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> saw the development of a global market in <span class="hlt">international</span> education, so that by the 1990s, the systems of many host nations (e.g., Australia, Canada, United Stated, United Kingdom, and New Zealand) had become more market focused and were adopting professional marketing strategies to recruit…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519502.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519502.pdf"><span>21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Map: English</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2008</p> <p>2008-01-01</p> <p>This 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Map is the result of hundreds of hours of research, development and feedback from educators and business leaders across the nation. The Partnership for 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills has issued this map for the core subject of English.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519499.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519499.pdf"><span>21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Map: Science</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2008</p> <p>2008-01-01</p> <p>This 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Map is the result of hundreds of hours of research, development and feedback from educators and business leaders across the nation. The Partnership for 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills has issued this map for the core subject of Science.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519501.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519501.pdf"><span>21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Map: Geography</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2009</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p>This 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Map is the result of hundreds of hours of research, development and feedback from educators and business leaders across the nation. The Partnership for 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills has issued this map for the core subject of Geography.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19793898','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19793898"><span>Vaccines: the fourth <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Plotkin, Stanley A</p> <p>2009-12-01</p> <p>Vaccine development, which began with Edward Jenner's observations in the late 18th <span class="hlt">century</span>, has entered its 4th <span class="hlt">century</span>. From its beginnings, with the use of whole organisms that had been weakened or inactivated, to the modern-day use of genetic engineering, it has taken advantage of the tools discovered in other branches of microbiology. Numerous successful vaccines are in use, but the list of diseases for which vaccines do not exist is long. However, the multiplicity of strategies now available, discussed in this article, portends even more successful development of vaccines.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20660936','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20660936"><span>Contagious rhythm: infectious diseases of 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> musicians.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Sartin, Jeffrey S</p> <p>2010-07-01</p> <p>Infectious diseases have led to illness and death for many famous musicians, from the classical period to the rock 'n' roll era. By the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, as public health improved and orchestral composers began living more settled lives, infections among American and European musicians became less prominent. By mid-<span class="hlt">century</span>, however, seminal jazz musicians famously pursued lifestyles characterized by drug and alcohol abuse. Among the consequences of this risky lifestyle were tuberculosis, syphilis, and chronic viral hepatitis. More contemporary rock musicians have experienced an epidemic of hepatitis C infection and HIV/AIDS <span class="hlt">related</span> to intravenous drug use and promiscuity. Musical innovation is thus often accompanied by diseases of neglect and overindulgence, particularly infectious illnesses, although risky behavior and associated infectious illnesses tend to decrease as the style matures.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li class="active"><span>17</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_17 --> <div id="page_18" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li class="active"><span>18</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="341"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2910108','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2910108"><span>Contagious Rhythm: Infectious Diseases of 20th <span class="hlt">Century</span> Musicians</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Sartin, Jeffrey S.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>Infectious diseases have led to illness and death for many famous musicians, from the classical period to the rock ’n’ roll era. By the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, as public health improved and orchestral composers began living more settled lives, infections among American and European musicians became less prominent. By mid-<span class="hlt">century</span>, however, seminal jazz musicians famously pursued lifestyles characterized by drug and alcohol abuse. Among the consequences of this risky lifestyle were tuberculosis, syphilis, and chronic viral hepatitis. More contemporary rock musicians have experienced an epidemic of hepatitis C infection and HIV/AIDS <span class="hlt">related</span> to intravenous drug use and promiscuity. Musical innovation is thus often accompanied by diseases of neglect and overindulgence, particularly infectious illnesses, although risky behavior and associated infectious illnesses tend to decrease as the style matures. PMID:20660936</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24774994','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24774994"><span>Sleep-<span class="hlt">related</span> erections throughout the ages.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>van Driel, Mels F</p> <p>2014-07-01</p> <p>The occurrence of sleep-<span class="hlt">related</span> erections (SREs) has been known since antiquity. To highlight historical, theological, and sexual medicine-<span class="hlt">related</span> aspects of SREs throughout the ages. Review of old medical books on male sexual functioning and review of scientific medical and theological articles on SREs from about 1900 on. The cyclic character of SREs was first noted by German researchers in the forties of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>. However, already before the beginning of the Christian era, one knew that men had erections and ejaculations during sleep. In the Middle Ages, SREs were generally considered to be rebellious manifestations of the male body, while it seemed to disobey its owner and showed up its perverted and sinful side. From the fifteenth to the end of the 17th <span class="hlt">century</span>, severe erectile dysfunction (ED) was ground for divorce. The ecclesiastical court records show that if necessary, the members of the jury sat at the defendant's bedside at night to be able to judge any SREs occurring. Since the 17th <span class="hlt">century</span>, SREs were considered to be part of masturbation, which could cause many ailments and diseases. Psychoanalyst Stekel acknowledged in 1920 that a morning erection, the last SRE, is a naturally occurring phenomenon in healthy men from infancy to old age. Today, some scientists assume that SREs protect the integrity of the penile cavernous bodies. Throughout the ages, philosophers, theologians, physicians, members of ecclesial law courts, psychoanalysts, psychiatrists, sexologists, physiologists, and urologists have shown interest in SREs. Obviously, the observations and testing of SREs have a long history, from antiquity to modern sleep labs, in men and in women, in newborns and old adults, by penis rings with sharp spikes to fancy strain gauge devices. Despite all these efforts, the mechanisms leading to SREs and its function are however not yet completely understood. © 2014 <span class="hlt">International</span> Society for Sexual Medicine.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/6488','TREESEARCH'); return false;" href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/6488"><span>Upland Hardwood Forests and <span class="hlt">Related</span> Communities of the Arkansas Ozarks in the Early 19th <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/">Treesearch</a></p> <p>Thomas L. Foti</p> <p>2004-01-01</p> <p>Historic accounts of the 19 th <span class="hlt">Century</span> Arkansas Ozarks mention such communities as oak forests, pine forests, barrens and prairies. I document the region-wide distribution of these types based on data from the first land survey conducted by the General Land Office (GLO). Structural classes used here include closed forest, open forest, woodland, savanna, open savanna...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=ghosts&pg=7&id=ED509999','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=ghosts&pg=7&id=ED509999"><span>Teaching Middle School Language Arts: Incorporating Twenty-First <span class="hlt">Century</span> Literacies</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Small Roseboro, Anna J.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>"Teaching Middle School Language Arts" is the first book on teaching middle school language arts for multiple intelligences and <span class="hlt">related</span> twenty-first-<span class="hlt">century</span> literacies in technologically and ethnically diverse communities. More than 670,000 middle school teachers (grades six through eight) are responsible for educating nearly 13 million students…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19930022482','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19930022482"><span>Engine technology challenges for a 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> High-Speed Civil Transport</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Shaw, Robert J.; Gilkey, Samuel; Hines, Richard</p> <p>1993-01-01</p> <p>Ongoing NASA-funded studies by Boeing, McDonnell-Douglas, General Electric, and Pratt & Whitney indicate that an opportunity exists for a 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> High-Speed Civil Transport (HSCT) to become a major part of the <span class="hlt">international</span> air transportation system. However, before industry will consider an HSCT product launch and an investment estimated to be over $15 billion for design and certification, major technology advances must be made. An overview of the propulsion-specific technology advances that must be in hand before an HSCT product launch could be considered is presented.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19910013785','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19910013785"><span>Engine technology challenges for a 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> high speed civil transport</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Shaw, Robert J.</p> <p>1991-01-01</p> <p>Recent NASA funded studies by Boeing and Douglas suggest an opportunity exists for a 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT) to become part of the <span class="hlt">international</span> air transportation system. However, before this opportunity for high speed travel can be realized, certain environmental and and economic barrier issues must be overcome. These challenges are outlined. Research activities which NASA has planned to address these barrier issues and to provide a technology base to allow U.S. manufacturers to make an informed go/no go decision on developing the HSCT are discussed.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24320979','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24320979"><span>What is nursing in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> and what does the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> health system require of nursing?</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Scott, P Anne; Matthews, Anne; Kirwan, Marcia</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>It is frequently claimed that nursing is vital to the safe, humane provision of health care and health service to our populations. It is also recognized however, that nursing is a costly health care resource that must be used effectively and efficiently. There is a growing recognition, from within the nursing profession, health care policy makers and society, of the need to analyse the contribution of nursing to health care and its costs. This becomes increasingly pertinent and urgent in a situation, such as that existing in Ireland, where the current financial crisis has lead to public sector employment moratoria, staff cuts and staffing deficits, combined with increased patient expectation, escalating health care costs, and a health care system restructuring and reform agenda. Such factors, increasingly common <span class="hlt">internationally</span>, make the identification and effective use of the nursing contribution to health care an issue of <span class="hlt">international</span> importance. This paper seeks to explore the nature of nursing and the function of the nurse within a 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> health care system, with a focus on the Irish context. However, this analysis fits into and is relevant to the <span class="hlt">international</span> context and discussion regarding the nursing workforce. This paper uses recent empirical studies exploring the domains of activity and focus of nursing, together with nurses perceptions of their role and work environment, in order to connect those findings with core conceptual questions about the nature and function of nursing. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010PCE....35..903F','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010PCE....35..903F"><span>Selected pioneering works on humus in soils and sediments during the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>: A retrospective look from the <span class="hlt">International</span> Humic Substances Society view</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Feller, Christian; Brossard, Michel; Chen, Yona; Landa, Edward R.; Trichet, Jean</p> <p></p> <p>Organic matter in general, and humic substances (HS) in particular, are involved in many processes in soils, sediments, rocks and natural waters. These include rock weathering, plant nutrition, pH buffering, trace metal mobility and toxicity, bioavailability, degradation and transport of hydrophobic organic chemicals, formation of disinfection by-products during water treatment, heterotrophic production in blackwater ecosystems and, more generally, the global carbon cycle. Before the 1970s, natural organic matter of different ecosystem pools ( i.e., soils, sediments, and natural waters) was often studied in isolation, although many similarities exist between them. This is particularly so for HS. In this historical context, a need appeared at the <span class="hlt">international</span> level for bringing together environmental chemists, soil scientists, hydrologists, and geologists who were interested in HS to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas, to standardize analytical procedures and agree on definitions of HS. The <span class="hlt">International</span> Humic Substances Society (IHSS) was founded in Denver, Colorado (USA) in 1981 with several objectives among them “to bring together scientists in the coal, soil, and water sciences with interests in humic substances” (home page of the IHSS web site: http://ihss.gatech.edu/ihss2/index.html). This paper presents selected pioneering works on humus in soils and sediments during the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> with a special focus on the links between the studies of soil HS and the formation, during early diagenesis, of the precursors of kerogens. Temporal coverage includes key contributions preceding the founding of the IHSS, and a brief history of the organization is presented.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016EGUGA..1817357P','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016EGUGA..1817357P"><span>Last <span class="hlt">century</span> seabed morphodynamics of the Magra River estuary (Western Mediterranean Sea)</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Pratellesi, Marta; Ivaldi, Roberta; Ciavola, Paolo; Sinapi, Luigi</p> <p>2016-04-01</p> <p>The estimation of morphological and volumetric changes of the delta system at the mouth of the Magra River is presented in this paper using bathymetric and sedimentological data. The data series were collected during several hydro-oceanographic surveys carried out from 1882 to 2014, processed following the hydrographic <span class="hlt">international</span> standards and stored in the Italian Navy Hydrographic Institute database. In particular, bathymetric data characterized by the same standard and accuracy were collected using different devices such as sounding lines, single-beam and multi-beam acoustic system. This research compares Digital Terrain Models (DTMs), derived from highly accurate bathymetric data and covering different time scales (secular, half-<span class="hlt">century</span> and decade) in order to assess and quantify the seabed morphodynamics in <span class="hlt">relation</span> with the river sedimentary budget. The methodology and data exploitation consist mainly in the production of DTMs to study the elevation change, two-dimensional and three dimensional maps, cross-sections of the seabed, difference surfaces and computation of net volumes as well as an historical sedimentological map. These products are also an useful contribution to the aim of EU RISC-KIT Project. The results of the analysis highlight changes in the geometry of the Magra River mouth, of the coastal profile and bottom features primarily due to variations of the sedimentary budget and secondarily to wave dynamics. This behaviour is characterized by evident river mouth and coastal retreat, beach erosion and sediment bars decay and net accretion under periods of high river sediment discharge and elongate bar formation during <span class="hlt">relatively</span> fair conditions. In the last <span class="hlt">century</span> the main change is constituted by the disappearance of the typical constructive seabed delta morphology and the transformation into the current small estuary, with microtidal condition. This small estuary has an upper sector where river processes, sediments and bedforms dominate, a</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28206773','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28206773"><span>A <span class="hlt">century</span> of progress in industrial and organizational psychology: Discoveries and the next <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Salas, Eduardo; Kozlowski, Steve W J; Chen, Gilad</p> <p>2017-03-01</p> <p>In a <span class="hlt">century</span> of research published in the Journal of Applied Psychology , we have seen significant advances in our science. The results of this science have broad applications to the workplace and implications for improving organizational effectiveness through a variety of avenues. Research has focused on understanding constructs, relationships, and processes at multiple levels, including individual, team, and organizational. A plethora of research methods and questions have driven this work, resulting in a nuanced understanding of what matters in the workplace. In this paper, we synthesize the most salient discoveries, findings, and/or conclusions in 19 domains. We seek to summarize the progress that has been made and highlight the most salient directions for future work such that the next <span class="hlt">century</span> of research in industrial and organizational psychological science can be as impactful as the first <span class="hlt">century</span> has been. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016EGUGA..1816682N','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016EGUGA..1816682N"><span>Is the onset of the 6th <span class="hlt">century</span> 'dark age' in Maya history <span class="hlt">related</span> to explosive volcanism?</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Nooren, Kees; Hoek, Wim Z.; Van der Plicht, Hans; Sigl, Michael; Galop, Didier; Torrescano-Valle, Nuria; Islebe, Gerald; Huizinga, Annika; Winkels, Tim; Middelkoop, Hans; Van Bergen, Manfred</p> <p>2016-04-01</p> <p>Maya societies in Southern Mexico, Guatemala and Belize experienced a 'dark age' during the second half of the 6th <span class="hlt">century</span>. This period, also known as the 'Maya Hiatus', is characterized by cultural downturn, political instability and abandonment of many sites in the Central Maya Lowlands. Many theories have been postulated to explain the occurrence of this 'dark age' in Maya history. A possible key role of a large volcanic eruption in the onset of this 'dark age' will be discussed. Volcanic deposits recovered from the sedimentary archive of lake Tuspán and the Usumacinta-Grijalva delta were studied in detail and the combination of multiple dating techniques allowed the reconstruction of the timing of a large 6th <span class="hlt">century</span> eruption. Volcanic glass shards were fingerprinted to indicate the source volcano and high resolution pollen records were constructed to indicate the environmental impact of the eruption. Results are compared with available archaeological data and causality with the disruption of Maya civilization will be evaluated.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Continuous+AND+integration&pg=6&id=EJ1123509','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Continuous+AND+integration&pg=6&id=EJ1123509"><span>Conceptual Ideas of Masters' Professional Training in <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> in Great Britain</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Tretko, Vitalii</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>The conceptual positions of professional training of Masters in <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> in Great Britain have been studied. On the basis of literary and documentary sources the basic concepts laid into contemporary theories of constructivism and cognitivism, theory of development and self-realisation of creative personality on the basis of…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4686167','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4686167"><span>Only-Child Status in <span class="hlt">Relation</span> to Perceived Stress and Studying-<span class="hlt">Related</span> Life Satisfaction among University Students in China: A Comparison with <span class="hlt">International</span> Students</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Chu, Janet Junqing; Khan, Mobarak Hossain; Jahn, Heiko J.; Kraemer, Alexander</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>Objectives University students in general face multiple challenges, which may affect their levels of perceived stress and life satisfaction. Chinese students currently face specific strains due to the One-Child Policy (OCP). The aim of this study was to assess (1) whether the levels of perceived stress and studying-<span class="hlt">related</span> life satisfaction are associated with only-child (OC) status after controlling for demographic and socio-economic characteristics and (2) whether these associations differ between Chinese and <span class="hlt">international</span> students. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional health survey based on a self-administrated standardised questionnaire was conducted among 1,843 (1,543 Chinese, 300 <span class="hlt">international</span>) students at two Chinese universities in 2010–2011. Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) and Stock and Kraemer’s Studying-<span class="hlt">related</span> Life Satisfaction Scale were used to measure perceived stress and studying-<span class="hlt">related</span> life satisfaction respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations of OC status with perceived stress and studying-<span class="hlt">related</span> life satisfaction by sex for Chinese students and <span class="hlt">international</span> students separately. Results The Chinese non-only-children (NOCs) were more likely to come from small cities. Multivariable regression models indicate that the Chinese NOCs were more stressed than OCs (OR = 1.39, 1.11–1.74) with a stronger association in men (OR = 1.48, 1.08–2.02) than women (OR = 1.26, 0.89–1.77). NOCs were also more dissatisfied than their OC fellows in the Chinese subsample (OR = 1.37, 1.09–1.73). Among <span class="hlt">international</span> students, no associations between OC status and perceived stress or studying-<span class="hlt">related</span> life satisfaction were found. Conclusions To promote equality between OCs and NOCs at Chinese universities, the causes of more stress and less studying-<span class="hlt">related</span> life satisfaction among NOCs compared to OCs need further exploration. PMID:26675032</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26675032','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26675032"><span>Only-Child Status in <span class="hlt">Relation</span> to Perceived Stress and Studying-<span class="hlt">Related</span> Life Satisfaction among University Students in China: A Comparison with <span class="hlt">International</span> Students.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Chu, Janet Junqing; Khan, Mobarak Hossain; Jahn, Heiko J; Kraemer, Alexander</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>University students in general face multiple challenges, which may affect their levels of perceived stress and life satisfaction. Chinese students currently face specific strains due to the One-Child Policy (OCP). The aim of this study was to assess (1) whether the levels of perceived stress and studying-<span class="hlt">related</span> life satisfaction are associated with only-child (OC) status after controlling for demographic and socio-economic characteristics and (2) whether these associations differ between Chinese and <span class="hlt">international</span> students. A cross-sectional health survey based on a self-administrated standardised questionnaire was conducted among 1,843 (1,543 Chinese, 300 <span class="hlt">international</span>) students at two Chinese universities in 2010-2011. Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) and Stock and Kraemer's Studying-<span class="hlt">related</span> Life Satisfaction Scale were used to measure perceived stress and studying-<span class="hlt">related</span> life satisfaction respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations of OC status with perceived stress and studying-<span class="hlt">related</span> life satisfaction by sex for Chinese students and <span class="hlt">international</span> students separately. The Chinese non-only-children (NOCs) were more likely to come from small cities. Multivariable regression models indicate that the Chinese NOCs were more stressed than OCs (OR = 1.39, 1.11-1.74) with a stronger association in men (OR = 1.48, 1.08-2.02) than women (OR = 1.26, 0.89-1.77). NOCs were also more dissatisfied than their OC fellows in the Chinese subsample (OR = 1.37, 1.09-1.73). Among <span class="hlt">international</span> students, no associations between OC status and perceived stress or studying-<span class="hlt">related</span> life satisfaction were found. To promote equality between OCs and NOCs at Chinese universities, the causes of more stress and less studying-<span class="hlt">related</span> life satisfaction among NOCs compared to OCs need further exploration.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11640116','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11640116"><span>[Industrial social diseases in 19th <span class="hlt">century</span>].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Leoni, F</p> <p>1991-01-01</p> <p>The author illustrates the <span class="hlt">relations</span> in Italy between industry and the medical-hygienic situation in the XIX <span class="hlt">century</span>. Italy started industrial processes rather late, about 1840, and between 1840 and 1870, for the first time, a remarkable quantity of publications about working class life conditions appeared. Special attention was given to spinning-mill workers, who - as Tonini, Ripa and Bonomi describe in their treatises - suffered a very hard life and working conditions, cold, damp, a very poor diet based on stale bread; furthermore, women had dangerous pregnancies and their babies were extremely undernourished, because of bottle-feeding caused by the impossibility of mothers to take their infants with them. These conditions produced numerous gastric, rheumatic and respiratory diseases. At the end of the XIX <span class="hlt">century</span>, Mantegazzaa defined, for the first time, professional diseases from a clinical and social point of view. Investigations acquired a more rigorous and scientific character by dividing into a series of subjects such as, for instance, the study of "unhealthy industries." Legislation was adapted quite late, and produced in 1888 the "Crispi act".</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16033598','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16033598"><span>Early 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> untrained nursing staff in the Rockhampton district: a necessary evil?</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Madsen, Wendy</p> <p>2005-08-01</p> <p>This paper explores the role of untrained nursing staff within the nursing services of the Rockhampton region, Queensland, Australia, throughout the early 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>. It details who these nurses were, where they worked and how their work was affected by factors such as legislation and social changes. Despite the increasing prevalence of trained nurses from the late 19th <span class="hlt">century</span>, nurses who had never undergone any formal training continued to gain work in hospitals, institutions and their local communities. This paper is an historical analysis of a wide range of primary source material <span class="hlt">relating</span> to untrained nursing staff. The primary source material used <span class="hlt">related</span> specifically to a limited geographical region in Australia. Untrained nursing staff primarily worked as private duty nurses at the beginning of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>. However, as the <span class="hlt">century</span> progressed, their opportunities to work as untrained nursing staff tended towards institutions dealing with the chronically ill and the aged. As a result of this transition, their profile altered from that of a married/widowed woman living at home with dependents to one who could live on-site at the institution with no dependents. Furthermore, the level of autonomy of the untrained nurse decreased dramatically throughout this period from being <span class="hlt">relatively</span> independent to being under the control of a trained nurse within the institution. Consideration of the historical evolution of untrained nursing staff challenges some of the assumptions made about this category of nurse, assumptions that can affect current relationships between professional nurses and others who undertake nursing work.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25629092','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25629092"><span>Probabilistic reanalysis of twentieth-<span class="hlt">century</span> sea-level rise.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Hay, Carling C; Morrow, Eric; Kopp, Robert E; Mitrovica, Jerry X</p> <p>2015-01-22</p> <p>Estimating and accounting for twentieth-<span class="hlt">century</span> global mean sea level (GMSL) rise is critical to characterizing current and future human-induced sea-level change. Several previous analyses of tide gauge records--employing different methods to accommodate the spatial sparsity and temporal incompleteness of the data and to constrain the geometry of long-term sea-level change--have concluded that GMSL rose over the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> at a mean rate of 1.6 to 1.9 millimetres per year. Efforts to account for this rate by summing estimates of individual contributions from glacier and ice-sheet mass loss, ocean thermal expansion, and changes in land water storage fall significantly short in the period before 1990. The failure to close the budget of GMSL during this period has led to suggestions that several contributions may have been systematically underestimated. However, the extent to which the limitations of tide gauge analyses have affected estimates of the GMSL rate of change is unclear. Here we revisit estimates of twentieth-<span class="hlt">century</span> GMSL rise using probabilistic techniques and find a rate of GMSL rise from 1901 to 1990 of 1.2 ± 0.2 millimetres per year (90% confidence interval). Based on individual contributions tabulated in the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, this estimate closes the twentieth-<span class="hlt">century</span> sea-level budget. Our analysis, which combines tide gauge records with physics-based and model-derived geometries of the various contributing signals, also indicates that GMSL rose at a rate of 3.0 ± 0.7 millimetres per year between 1993 and 2010, consistent with prior estimates from tide gauge records.The increase in rate <span class="hlt">relative</span> to the 1901-90 trend is accordingly larger than previously thought; this revision may affect some projections of future sea-level rise.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16463913','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16463913"><span>Immigration and the American <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Hirschman, Charles</p> <p>2005-11-01</p> <p>The full impact of immigration on American society is obscured in policy and academic analyses that focus on the short-term problems of immigrant adjustment. With a longer-term perspective, which includes the socioeconomic roles of the children of immigrants, immigration appears as one of the defining characteristics of twentieth-<span class="hlt">century</span> America. Major waves of immigration create population diversity with new languages and cultures, but over time, while immigrants and their descendants become more "American," the character of American society and culture is transformed. In the early decades of the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span>, immigrants and their children were the majority of the workforce in many of the largest industrial cities; in recent decades, the arrival of immigrants and their families has slowed the demographic and economic decline of some American cities. The presence of immigrants probably creates as many jobs for native-born workers as are lost through displacement. Immigrants and their children played an important role in twentieth-<span class="hlt">century</span> American politics and were influential in the development of American popular culture during the middle decades of the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span>. Intermarriage between the descendants of immigrants and old-stock Americans fosters a national identity based on civic participation rather than ancestry.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1126469.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1126469.pdf"><span>The Opinions of Music Education Students about 20th and 21st <span class="hlt">Centuries</span> Classical Music: Uludag University Exemplification</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Sakin, Ajda Senol</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>The debates of music historians, composers, and performers on difficulties in understanding the 20th and 21st <span class="hlt">Centuries</span> <span class="hlt">international</span> classical music and the reasons have been ongoing for years. The opinions of music education students on this matter and their interests in music of these periods are a matter of curiosity. With this research,…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012PhyA..391.3995N','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012PhyA..391.3995N"><span>Diffusion of knowledge and globalization in the web of twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> science</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Naumis, G. G.; Phillips, J. C.</p> <p>2012-08-01</p> <p>Scientific communication is an essential part of modern science: whereas Archimedes worked alone, Newton (correspondence with Hooke, 1676) acknowledged that “If I have seen a little further, it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants.” How is scientific communication reflected in the patterns of citations in scientific papers? How have these patterns changed in the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, as both means of communication and individual transportation changed rapidly, compared to the earlier post-Newton 18th and 19th <span class="hlt">centuries</span>? Here we discuss a diffusive model for scientific communications, based on a unique 2009 scientometric study of 25 million papers and 600 million citations that encapsulates the epistemology of modern science. The diffusive model predicts and explains, using no adjustable parameters, a surprisingly universal <span class="hlt">internal</span> structure in the development of scientific research, which is essentially constant across the natural sciences, but which because of globalization changed qualitatively around 1960. Globalization corresponds physically to anomalous diffusion, which has been observed near the molecular glass transition, and can enhance molecular diffusion by factors as large as 100.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li class="active"><span>18</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_18 --> <div id="page_19" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li class="active"><span>19</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="361"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFMOS51B1646S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFMOS51B1646S"><span>Modeled changes in extreme wave climate for US and US-affiliated Pacific Islands during the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Shope, J. B.; Storlazzi, C. D.; Erikson, L. H.; Hegermiller, C.</p> <p>2013-12-01</p> <p>Changes in future wave climates in the tropical Pacific Ocean from global climate change are not well understood. Waves are the dominant spatially- and temporally-varying processes that influence the coastal morphology and ecosystem structure of the islands throughout the tropical Pacific. Waves also impact the coastal infrastructure, natural and cultural resources, and coastal-<span class="hlt">related</span> economic activities of these islands. Wave heights, periods, and directions were forecast through 2100 using wind parameter outputs from four coupled atmosphere-ocean global climate models from the Coupled Model Inter-Comparison Project, Phase 5., for Representative Concentration Pathways scenarios 4.5 and 8.5 that correspond to moderately mitigated and unmitigated greenhouse gas emissions, respectively. Wind fields from the global climate models were used to drive the global WAVEWATCH III wave model and generate hourly time-series of bulk wave parameters for 25 islands in the mid to western tropical Pacific. Although the results show some spatial heterogeneity, overall, the December-February extreme significant wave heights increase from present to mid <span class="hlt">century</span> and then decrease toward the end of the <span class="hlt">century</span>; June-August extreme wave heights decrease throughout the <span class="hlt">century</span>. Peak wave periods decrease west of the <span class="hlt">International</span> Date Line through all seasons, whereas peak periods increase in the eastern half of the study area; these trends are smaller during December-February and greatest during June-August. Extreme wave directions in equatorial Micronesia during June-August undergo an approximate 30 degree counter-clockwise rotation from primarily northwest to west. The spatial patterns and trends are similar between the two different greenhouse gas emission scenarios, with the magnitude of the trends greater for the higher scenario.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=ST&pg=5&id=EJ1025525','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=ST&pg=5&id=EJ1025525"><span>What Learning Environments Best Address 21st-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Students' Perceived Needs at the Secondary Level of Instruction?</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Lemley, J. Brett; Schumacher, Gary; Vesey, Winona</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>The purpose of a recent study was to determine what learning environments best address the needs of 21st-<span class="hlt">century</span> students at the secondary level. This study concluded that the presence of a positive 21st-<span class="hlt">century</span> learning environment is <span class="hlt">related</span> to student satisfaction and student-teacher relationships. While the majority of the literature on…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=internal+AND+factors+AND+theory&pg=2&id=EJ1024453','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=internal+AND+factors+AND+theory&pg=2&id=EJ1024453"><span>Concurrent <span class="hlt">Relations</span> between Perspective-Taking Skills, Desire Understanding, and <span class="hlt">Internal</span>-State Vocabulary</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Chiarella, Sabrina S.; Kristen, Susanne; Poulin-Dubois, Diane; Sodian, Beate</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>Recent studies suggest that there appears to be a similar developmental sequence in the understanding of mental states in both <span class="hlt">internal</span>-state language and in standard theory-of-mind tasks. These findings suggest possible developmental <span class="hlt">relations</span> between children's ability to talk and think about the mind. Two experiments investigated the concurrent…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=equal+AND+pay+AND+act&pg=7&id=ED568762','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=equal+AND+pay+AND+act&pg=7&id=ED568762"><span>Special Education for a New <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Katzman, Lauren I., Ed.; Gandhi, Allison Gruner, Ed.; Harbour, Wendy S., Ed.; LaRock, J. D., Ed.</p> <p>2005-01-01</p> <p>"Special Education for a New <span class="hlt">Century</span>" pays particularly close attention to how inclusive education practices can best be promoted in the era of standards-based accountability. An updated version of the best-selling "Special Education at the <span class="hlt">Century</span>'s End", this new volume combines cutting-edge research and theory about students…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED444756.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED444756.pdf"><span>Connecticut's Children: A New <span class="hlt">Century</span>'s Promise. 2000 Data Book.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Cunningham, Michelle Doucette</p> <p></p> <p>This Kids Count data book examines statewide trends in the well-being of Connecticut's children. The report first examines how well children have faired during the past 100 years in terms of economics, education, health and safety, and race <span class="hlt">relations</span>, and how they are doing at the start of the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. This section also outlines the state's…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23035397','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23035397"><span>Science on the fringe of the empire: the Academy of the Linceans in the early nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Donato, Maria Pia</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>The article treats the Academy of the Linceans in the early nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>, and more particularly during the Napoleonic domination of Rome in 1809-14. For the French regime, the Academy was instrumental to turning intellectuals into notables; pursuing the advancement of knowledge; stimulating industry; fostering secularization and orientating public opinion. But these goals did not always harmonize one with the other. Moreover, the local agenda was subordinated to strategic and ideological considerations pertaining to the organization of the Empire, <span class="hlt">relations</span> with the Papacy, and <span class="hlt">internal</span> politics. Hence, support to the Academy was subject to changes and contradictions. Within the Empire, the small local scientific elite found a place within <span class="hlt">international</span> networks of science. Men of science increased their visibility and social standing, and greater symbolic and material resources were granted to the practice of science. The Academy, however, was left in the unclear status of a semi-public establishment, and it eventually imploded after the Restoration. The article analyses the Academy's scientific activity and its role in public life, focusing on material history as a key element to understand the ambiguous nature of Roman scientific institutions both under the papal government and the French regime.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4815627','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4815627"><span>Genome data from a sixteenth <span class="hlt">century</span> pig illuminate modern breed relationships</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Ramírez, O; Burgos-Paz, W; Casas, E; Ballester, M; Bianco, E; Olalde, I; Santpere, G; Novella, V; Gut, M; Lalueza-Fox, C; Saña, M; Pérez-Enciso, M</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>Ancient DNA (aDNA) provides direct evidence of historical events that have modeled the genome of modern individuals. In livestock, resolving the differences between the effects of initial domestication and of subsequent modern breeding is not straight forward without aDNA data. Here, we have obtained shotgun genome sequence data from a sixteenth <span class="hlt">century</span> pig from Northeastern Spain (Montsoriu castle), the ancient pig was obtained from an extremely well-preserved and diverse assemblage. In addition, we provide the sequence of three new modern genomes from an Iberian pig, Spanish wild boar and a Guatemalan Creole pig. Comparison with both mitochondrial and autosomal genome data shows that the ancient pig is closely <span class="hlt">related</span> to extant Iberian pigs and to European wild boar. Although the ancient sample was clearly domestic, admixture with wild boar also occurred, according to the D-statistics. The close relationship between Iberian, European wild boar and the ancient pig confirms that Asian introgression in modern Iberian pigs has not existed or has been negligible. In contrast, the Guatemalan Creole pig clusters apart from the Iberian pig genome, likely due to introgression from <span class="hlt">international</span> breeds. PMID:25204303</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1984DSRA...31..583A','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1984DSRA...31..583A"><span>John Murray / MABAHISS expedition versus the <span class="hlt">International</span> Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE) in retrospect</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Aleem, A. A.; Morcos, S. A.</p> <p></p> <p>In addition to its scientific achievements, the John Murray/Mabahiss Expedition was a unique experiment in technology transfer and it pioneered bilateral <span class="hlt">relations</span> in the field of oceanography, at a time when the Law of the Sea was not even an embryonic concept. The Expedition will be remembered for its profound influence on the development of oceanography in Egypt, and subsequently in several Arab and African countries, as well as for its socio-economic impact in Egypt. The <span class="hlt">International</span> Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE) was an elaborate exercise involving both the most sophisticated developments in oceanography of the day and the full complexity of <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span> which necessitated the scientific, coordinating and supporting mechanisms of SCOR, IOC and Unesco combined. Each exercise separated by 25 years represented a significant event in the development of oceanography. Each was a natural product of the prevailing state of the art and the <span class="hlt">international</span> climate. Oceanography had made a quantum jump in technology in the intervening quarter of a <span class="hlt">century</span>, which had put the cost of deep sea oceanography quite beyond the financial capabilities of many developing countries, an important factor to bear in mind when comparing the impact of the John Murray/Mabahiss Expedition on Egypt with that of the IIOE, on the Indian Ocean countries.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17409053','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17409053"><span>Building a secure <span class="hlt">internal</span> attachment: an intra-<span class="hlt">relational</span> approach to ego strengthening and emotional processing with chronically traumatized clients.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Lamagna, Jerry; Gleiser, Kari A</p> <p>2007-01-01</p> <p>In this paper, we introduce Intra-<span class="hlt">Relational</span> AEDP (I-R) as an attachment-based experiential approach to trauma treatment. Integrating Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy (AEDP) (Fosha, 2000a,b, 2002, 2003) with ego-state methodology, intra-<span class="hlt">relational</span> interventions specifically seeks to help clients by (1) fostering capacities for self-regulation through shared states of affective resonance between therapist, client, and dissociated self-states; (2) facilitating authentic, open <span class="hlt">internal</span> dialogue between self-states which can alter engrained patterns of intra-psychic conflict and self-punishment; (3) developing abilities for self-reflection and emotional processing by co-mingling previously disowned affect and emotional memories with here and now experience; and (4) attending to positive affects evoked through experiences of transformation, self-compassion, and self-affirmation. Drawing from object <span class="hlt">relations</span> and attachment theory, intra-<span class="hlt">relational</span> interventions places particular emphasis on <span class="hlt">internal</span> attachment relationships formed through interactions between the client's subjective selves (<span class="hlt">internal</span> subjects) and reflective selves (<span class="hlt">internal</span> objects). Through visual imagery, <span class="hlt">internal</span> dialogue, and explicit <span class="hlt">relational</span> techniques, intra-<span class="hlt">relational</span> interventions aims to develop this subjective-reflective dyad's capacity for reciprocal attunement, resonance, and responsiveness. Such clinical strategies aim to foster healing and psychological integration between the client and heretofore disavowed aspects of self.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21213178','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21213178"><span>Stress-<span class="hlt">related</span> growth, coming out, and <span class="hlt">internalized</span> homonegativity in lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth. An examination of stress-<span class="hlt">related</span> growth within the minority stress model.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Cox, Nele; Dewaele, Alexis; van Houtte, Mieke; Vincke, John</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>This study investigates how young lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals deal with coming out and how perceived personal growth may result from that experience. We considered stress-<span class="hlt">related</span> growth as a mediator between coming-out experiences and <span class="hlt">internalized</span> homonegativity (IH). Our sample was taken from an online survey and is comprised of 502 LGBs aged 14-30. The social environment's acceptance of an individual's sexual orientation and the individual's social identification influence stress-<span class="hlt">related</span> growth. Several coming-out indicators influence <span class="hlt">internalized</span> homonegativity and, although growth perception does not function as a mediator between coming out and <span class="hlt">internalized</span> homonegativity, it has a direct effect on IH.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9691784','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9691784"><span>Medical semiotics in the 18th <span class="hlt">century</span>: a theory of practice?</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Hess, V</p> <p>1998-06-01</p> <p>Medical semiotics in the 18th <span class="hlt">century</span> was more than a premodern form of diagnosis. Its structure allowed for the combination of empirically proven rules of instruction with the theoretical knowledge of the new sciences, employing the <span class="hlt">relation</span> between the sign and the signified.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=carol+AND+dweck&pg=2&id=EJ888045','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=carol+AND+dweck&pg=2&id=EJ888045"><span>Who Will the 21st-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Learners Be?</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Dweck, Carol</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p>In the "Standards for the 21st-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Learner," the American Association of School Librarians (AASL) describes the skills, dispositions, responsibilities, and self-assessment strategies that are necessary for a 21st-<span class="hlt">century</span> learner. However, as wonderful as AASL's 21st-<span class="hlt">century</span> goals sound, they will fall on deaf ears because students who have a…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017APS..MARC40003S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017APS..MARC40003S"><span>The metamorphoses of <span class="hlt">relativity</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Staley, Richard</p> <p></p> <p>This talk will explore the ways that problems shifted and disciplinary boundaries changed around physicists' engagement with <span class="hlt">relational</span> physics and relativistic thought, first in research dealing with physiology, psychology and geometry in the late nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span> and then (a better-known story) moving between physics, mathematics and geometry in the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span>. I hope to develop a richer approach for understanding the disciplinary and political significance of <span class="hlt">relativity</span>, especially by considering in one framework the work of Engels, Mach, Einstein and Planck.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=sharing+AND+economy&pg=7&id=EJ779231','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=sharing+AND+economy&pg=7&id=EJ779231"><span>Reading for Learning: Literacy Supports for 21st-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Work</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Gomez, Louis M.; Gomez, Kimberley</p> <p>2007-01-01</p> <p>The U.S. work force is changing. Professional and <span class="hlt">related</span> occupations and service occupations will be the fastest-growing sectors for the foreseeable future. Both demand strong communication skills for sharing complex ideas across diverse communities. In addition, the 21st-<span class="hlt">century</span> economy will require its members to think creatively and critically…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=geopolitics&id=EJ976234','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=geopolitics&id=EJ976234"><span>Culture, Power, and the University in the Twenty-First <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Murphy, Peter</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>Powerful nations have influential systems of higher education. The article explores the possible pattern of geopolitics in the twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span>, and the competing prospects of America and its rivals in higher education and research. Pressures on both the American and non-American worlds are evaluated, along with <span class="hlt">relative</span> economic strengths,…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22145183','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22145183"><span>Traveling with faith: the creation of women's immigrant aid associations in nineteenth and twentieth-<span class="hlt">century</span> France.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Machen, Emily</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>This article explores the efforts of French Catholic, Protestant, and Jewish women to morally, spiritually, and physically protect immigrant and migrant women and girls in the late nineteenth and early twentieth <span class="hlt">centuries</span>. Women of faith worried about the dangers posed by the white slave trade, and they feared the loss of spiritual consciousness among women living far from their families and their places of worship. In response to these concerns, they developed numerous faith-based <span class="hlt">international</span> organizations aimed at protecting vulnerable working-class immigrants. Upper-class women's work in immigrant aid societies allowed them to take on much greater social and religious leadership roles than they had in the past. Likewise, the intricate, <span class="hlt">international</span> networks that these women developed contributed to the building of <span class="hlt">international</span> cooperation throughout Europe.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=nations+AND+league&pg=5&id=EJ541975','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=nations+AND+league&pg=5&id=EJ541975"><span>Between Pandemonium and Order: Assessing <span class="hlt">International</span> Organizations and Multiethnic Societies.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Lauren, Paul Gordon</p> <p>1996-01-01</p> <p>Provides a concise and fascinating overview of the historical development of <span class="hlt">international</span> efforts responding to incidents of atrocities and oppression. Traces this humanitarian impulse from the mid-19th <span class="hlt">century</span>, through the League of Nations, to the current United Nations. Considers the limitations and potentialities of current endeavors. (MJP)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Medical+AND+terminology&pg=3&id=EJ1156352','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Medical+AND+terminology&pg=3&id=EJ1156352"><span>Consensus Statement of the <span class="hlt">International</span> Summit on Intellectual Disability and Dementia <span class="hlt">Related</span> to Nomenclature</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Janicki, Matthew P.; McCallion, Philip; Splaine, Michael; Santos, Flavvia H.; Keller, Seth M.; Watchman, Karen</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>A working group of the 2016 <span class="hlt">International</span> Summit on Intellectual Disability and Dementia was charged to examine the terminology used to define and report on dementia in publications <span class="hlt">related</span> to intellectual disability (ID). A review of <span class="hlt">related</span> publications showed mixed uses of terms associated with dementia or causative diseases. As with dementia…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=military+AND+balance&pg=6&id=ED063230','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=military+AND+balance&pg=6&id=ED063230"><span>The State System Exercise. Learning Packages in <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span>. Learning Package One.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Coplin, William D.</p> <p></p> <p>Learning package 1, the first in a series of four, incorporates a simulation exercise designed to help students in higher education understand factors that affect the stability of the <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span> system. Focus is on a "system" perspective in order to show the historical development and to point up the operation of various…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=less+AND+demanding&id=EJ965279','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=less+AND+demanding&id=EJ965279"><span>Parenting Practices and Adolescent <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> and Externalizing Problems: Moderating Effects of Socially Demanding Kin <span class="hlt">Relations</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Taylor, Ronald D.; Lopez, Elizabeth I.; Budescu, Mia; McGill, Rebecca Kang</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>Association of socially demanding kin <span class="hlt">relations</span>, mother's emotional support, behavioral control/monitoring, family organization and psychological control with adolescent's <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> and externalizing problems were assessed in 200 economically disadvantaged, African American mothers and adolescents. Demanding kin <span class="hlt">relations</span> and mother's…</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li class="active"><span>19</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_19 --> <div id="page_20" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li class="active"><span>20</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="381"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15137178','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15137178"><span>[Health care in Varazdin in the 17th <span class="hlt">century</span>].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Piasek, Gustav; Piasek, Martina</p> <p>2004-04-01</p> <p>This overview brings together historical data on health services and health culture from original documents and scarce information published by historians. The seventeenth <span class="hlt">century</span> Varazdin was a bigger town than Zagreb, and it later even took the title of the Croatian capital from Zagreb (between 1767 and 1776). The review opens with a description of old municipal hospices, specific social and public health institutions which can been traced back to 1454 and which existed throughout the 17th <span class="hlt">century</span>. At that time, barber-surgeons, who practiced a form of medicine which involved the use of hands and medical instruments (hence the Greek name, heir meaning hand and ergon meaning work), were still active in the town. They did not have the education and skills of a physician (and some physicians were additionally trained as surgeons and/or obstetricians). There were fewer barber-surgeons in the town than in the two previous <span class="hlt">centuries</span>, and their number was substantially falling in the 17th <span class="hlt">century</span>. The scale eventually tipped in favour of educated physicians. In 1641, the Croatian Parliament appointed the second official country physician with permanent stay in Varazdin. Other important events are <span class="hlt">related</span> to the development of pharmacies in the town. The review lists the names of the first pharmacists and the dates of the foundation of pharmacies. The 17th <span class="hlt">century</span> is characterised by the threat and frequent outbreaks of plague, a disastrous pandemic disease which spread all over Europe and which did not spare Varazdin. It would strike the town at intervals of about every ten years. The authors describe steps taken by the local government to stop the spreading of the disease as well as the incompetence and lack of adequate health measures for both prevention and cure of plague at the time. There are well preserved monuments in memory of those events in the town--a votive chapel and a votive column.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17367006','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17367006"><span>Historical mathematics in the French eighteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Richards, Joan L</p> <p>2006-12-01</p> <p>At least since the seventeenth <span class="hlt">century</span>, the strange combination of epistemological certainty and ontological power that characterizes mathematics has made it a major focus of philosophical, social, and cultural negotiation. In the eighteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>, all of these factors were at play as mathematical thinkers struggled to assimilate and extend the analysis they had inherited from the seventeenth <span class="hlt">century</span>. A combination of educational convictions and historical assumptions supported a humanistic mathematics essentially defined by its flexibility and breadth. This mathematics was an expression of l'esprit humain, which was unfolding in a progressive historical narrative. The French Revolution dramatically altered the historical and educational landscapes that had supported this eighteenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> approach, and within thirty years Augustin Louis Cauchy had radically reconceptualized and restructured mathematics to be rigorous rather than narrative.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Impact+AND+global+AND+warming&pg=4&id=ED473914','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Impact+AND+global+AND+warming&pg=4&id=ED473914"><span>The <span class="hlt">International</span> System in the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span>: Considering the U.S. Role. Third Edition. Teacher Resource Book [and Student Text]. Public Policy Debate in the Classroom. Choices for the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Fox, Sarah Cleveland</p> <p></p> <p>Although the attacks of September 11, 2001, present new challenges and priorities for U.S. policy, it is uncertain what direction <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span> will take. China's growth and power, Russia's political and economic problems, resentment and corruption in Russia, and global warming effect policymaking. While the war on terrorism may be a…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25813505','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25813505"><span>Sociopolitical determinants of <span class="hlt">international</span> health policy.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>De Vos, Pol; Van der Stuyft, Patrick</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>For decades, two opposing logics have dominated the health policy debate: a comprehensive health care approach, with the 1978 Alma Ata Declaration as its cornerstone, and a private competition logic, emphasizing the role of the private sector. We present this debate and its influence on <span class="hlt">international</span> health policies in the context of changing global economic and sociopolitical power <span class="hlt">relations</span> in the second half of the last <span class="hlt">century</span>. The neoliberal approach is illustrated with Chile's health sector reform in the 1980s and the Colombian reform since 1993. The comprehensive "public logic" is shown through the social insurance models in Costa Rica and in Brazil and through the national public health systems in Cuba since 1959 and in Nicaragua during the 1980s. These experiences emphasize that health care systems do not naturally gravitate toward greater fairness and efficiency, but require deliberate policy decisions. © The Author(s) 2015 Reprints and permissions:]br]sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012AGUFM.H23L..04A','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012AGUFM.H23L..04A"><span>Rethinking Global Water Governance for the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Ajami, N. K.; Cooley, H.</p> <p>2012-12-01</p> <p>Growing pressure on the world's water resources is having major impacts on our social and economic well-being. According to the United Nations, today, at least 1.1 billion people do not have access to clean drinking water. Pressures on water resources are likely to continue to worsen in response to decaying and crumbling infrastructure, continued population growth, climate change, degradation of water quality, and other challenges. If these challenges are not addressed, they pose future risks for many countries around the world, making it urgent that efforts are made to understand both the nature of the problems and the possible solutions that can effectively reduce the associated risks. There is growing understanding of the need to rethink governance to meet the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> water challenges. More and more water problems extend over traditional national boundaries and to the global community and the types and numbers of organizations addressing water issues are large and growing. Economic globalization and transnational organizations and activities point to the need for improving coordination and integration on addressing water issues, which are increasingly tied to food and energy security, trade, global climate change, and other <span class="hlt">international</span> policies. We will present some of the key limitations of global water governance institutions and provide recommendations for improving these institutions to address 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> global water challenges more effectively.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993anpa.meet....3N','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993anpa.meet....3N"><span>Anti-gravity: The key to 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> physics</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Noyes, H. P.</p> <p>1993-01-01</p> <p>The masses coupling constants and cosmological parameters obtained using our discrete and combinatorial physics based on discrimination between bit-strings indicate that we can achieve the unification of quantum mechanics with <span class="hlt">relativity</span> which had become the goal of twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> physics. To broaden our case we show that limitations on measurement of the position and velocity of an individual massive particle observed in a colliding beam scattering experiment imply real, rational commutation <span class="hlt">relations</span> between position and velocity. Prior to this limit being pushed down to quantum effects, the lower bound is set by the available technology, but is otherwise scale invariant. Replacing force by force per unit mass and force per unit charge allows us to take over the Feynman-Dyson proof of the Maxwell Equations and extend it to weak gravity. The crossing symmetry of the individual scattering processes when one or more particles are replaced by anti-particles predicts both Coulomb attraction (for charged particles) and a Newtonian repulsion between any particle and its anti-particle. Previous quantum results remain intact, and predict the expected relativistic fine structure and spin dependencies. Experimental confirmation of this anti-gravity prediction would inaugurate the physics of the twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21863739','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21863739"><span>[Mercury (and...) through the <span class="hlt">centuries</span>].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Kłys, Małgorzata</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>Mercury has a long history, fascinating in its many aspects. Through the <span class="hlt">centuries</span>--from ancient times to the present day--the metal in its various forms, also known under the name "quicksilver", accompanied the man and was used for diversified purposes. Today, mercury is employed in manufacturing thermometers, barometers, vacuum pumps and explosives. It is also used in silver and gold mining processes. Mercury compounds play a significant role in dentistry, pharmaceutical industry and crop protection. The contemporary use of mercury markedly decreases, but historically speaking, the archives abound in materials that document facts and events occurring over generations and the immense intellectual effort aiming at discovering the true properties and mechanisms of mercury activity. Mercury toxicity, manifested in destruction of biological membranes and binding of the element with proteins, what disturbs biochemical processes occurring in the body, was discovered only after many <span class="hlt">centuries</span> of the metal exerting its effect on the lives of individuals and communities. For <span class="hlt">centuries</span>, mercury was present in the work of alchemists, who searched for the universal essence or quintessence and the so-called philosopher's stone. In the early modern era, between the 16th and 19th <span class="hlt">centuries</span>, mercury was used to manufacture mirrors. Mercury compounds were employed as a medication against syphilis, which plagued mankind for more than four hundred years--from the Middle Ages till mid 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, when the discovery of penicillin became the turning point. This extremely toxic therapy resulted in much suffering, individual tragedies, chronic poisonings leading to fatalities and dramatic sudden deaths. In the last fifty years, there even occurred attempts of mentally imbalanced individuals at injecting themselves with metallic mercury, also as a performance-enhancing drug. Instances of mass mercury poisoning occurred many times in the past in consequence of eating food products</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5518980','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5518980"><span>Sailors in wonderland: Dutch sperm whaling during the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>, 1827–1849</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Schokkenbroek, Joost CA</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>The Dutch engaged in whaling between 1612 and 1964, with intervals of non-activity in the last quarter of the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth <span class="hlt">centuries</span>. Under varied circumstances, the Dutch have relied upon the expertise of foreign whalemen. The involvement of Basque whalers in the foundation and organisation of Dutch whaling expeditions during the first half of the seventeenth <span class="hlt">century</span> is fully documented. Less well known is the collaboration between the Dutch and whaling experts from the United States during the first half of the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>. This article <span class="hlt">relates</span> to a number of expeditions undertaken by Dutch and American whalemen, who headed for hunting grounds unfamiliar to the Dutch. It examines the political and economic contexts within which American involvement should be considered, and identifies the results of this involvement. PMID:28781422</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1092803.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1092803.pdf"><span>Developing the 21st-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Social Studies Skills through Technology Integration</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Farisi, Mohammad Imam</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>Recently, technology has become an educational necessity in global-digital era. Facing these phenomena, social studies (SS) should make innovations <span class="hlt">related</span> to changes of 21st-<span class="hlt">century</span> skills and learning paradigm, which is characterized by the principles of disclosure of information, computing, automation, and communication. Technology integration…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19860065527&hterms=Social&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D50%26Ntt%3DSocial','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19860065527&hterms=Social&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D50%26Ntt%3DSocial"><span>Space Station in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> - A social perspective</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Bluth, B. J.</p> <p>1986-01-01</p> <p>A human factors and sociological consideration of Space Station crew facilities and interactions is presented which attempts to place the experiences of astronaut communities in the larger context of late 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> industrial, economic, and cultural trends. Attention is given to the relationship of Space Station communities to 'Information Society' - <span class="hlt">related</span> historical developments.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=servant+AND+leadership&pg=3&id=EJ953639','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=servant+AND+leadership&pg=3&id=EJ953639"><span>Servant Leadership: Guiding Extension Programs in the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Astroth, Kirk A.; Goodwin, Jeff; Hodnett, Frank</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>A new set of leadership skills is required for Extension administrators for the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. Past models and theories are reviewed and discussed. The old "power" model of leadership is no longer relevant. A <span class="hlt">relatively</span> new model called "Servant Leadership" is reviewed and explained. Seven key practices of servant leadership are outlined, and the…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/365056','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/365056"><span>Another seventeenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> denigration of Gaspare Tagliacozzi.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Cosman, B</p> <p>1978-05-01</p> <p>Gaspare Tagliacozzi published his carefully documented procedures for nasal reconstruction at the end of the sixteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>. However, almost all authorities in the succeeding <span class="hlt">century</span> failed to give him credence. Although his name was widely known, his work became an object of scorn. James Cooke, author of one of the most popular English surgical textbooks of the seventeenth <span class="hlt">century</span>, in an amusing and previously unnoted reference, adds to this denigration and helps to explain why nasal reconstruction became a subject of satire in England.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3170386','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3170386"><span>Enhanced <span class="hlt">relative</span> biological effectiveness of proton radiotherapy in tumor cells with <span class="hlt">internalized</span> gold nanoparticles</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Polf, Jerimy C.; Bronk, Lawrence F.; Driessen, Wouter H. P.; Arap, Wadih; Pasqualini, Renata; Gillin, Michael</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>The development and use of sensitizing agents to improve the effectiveness of radiotherapy have long been sought to improve our ability to treat cancer. In this letter, we have studied the <span class="hlt">relative</span> biological effectiveness of proton beam radiotherapy on prostate tumor cells with and without <span class="hlt">internalized</span> gold nanoparticles. The effectiveness of proton radiotherapy for the killing of prostate tumor cells was increased by approximately 15%–20% for those cells containing <span class="hlt">internalized</span> gold nanoparticles. PMID:21915155</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=biology+AND+chemistry&pg=3&id=EJ1110848','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=biology+AND+chemistry&pg=3&id=EJ1110848"><span>German National Proficiency Scales in Biology: <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Structure, <span class="hlt">Relations</span> to General Cognitive Abilities and Verbal Skills</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Kampa, Nele; Köller, Olaf</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>National and <span class="hlt">international</span> large-scale assessments (LSA) have a major impact on educational systems, which raises fundamental questions about the validity of the measures regarding their <span class="hlt">internal</span> structure and their <span class="hlt">relations</span> to relevant covariates. Given its importance, research on the validity of instruments specifically developed for LSA is…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=german+AND+risk+AND+study&pg=5&id=EJ978599','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=german+AND+risk+AND+study&pg=5&id=EJ978599"><span>Are Externalizing and <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> Difficulties of Young Children with Spelling Impairment <span class="hlt">Related</span> to Their ADHD Symptoms?</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Rietz, Chantal Sabrina; Hasselhorn, Marcus; Labuhn, Andju Sara</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>Children with literacy difficulties often suffer from a variety of co-occurring externalizing and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> difficulties, as well as comorbid ADHD. Therefore, these externalizing and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems might be more <span class="hlt">related</span> to comorbid ADHD, rather than being a correlate of literacy difficulties per se. In the present study, we…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18546587','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18546587"><span>Proto-industrialization, sharecropping, and outmigration in nineteenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> rural Westphalia.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Anderson, T G</p> <p>2001-01-01</p> <p>This article examines proto-industrialization and the social <span class="hlt">relations</span> of production in a rural parish in eastern Westphalia that experienced large-scale outmigration to the American Midwest in the mid-nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>. Relying on local and individual-level Prussian tax and emigration records, the study identifies and analyses the socio-economic background of the migrant cohort in terms of proto-industrial activity and peasant economy. Preceded by the downfall of domestic textile industries due to British industrial competition, outmigration was highly selective, drawing individuals from specific socio-economic niches. Landless sharecroppers - linked by debt and labour obligations to better-off peasants and landlords - were underrepresented in the migration, while smallholding peasants and day-labourers - 'free' to commodify their labour power through the sale of home-produced textile products or seasonal migratory labour - were overrepresented. The findings of the study have implications for an understanding of the localized nature of the <span class="hlt">relations</span> of production in proto-industrial regions, the historical nature of German emigrations, and the dynamics of the German transition to industrial capitalism in the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=witchcraft&pg=2&id=EJ672253','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=witchcraft&pg=2&id=EJ672253"><span>Matilda Joslyn Gage: A Nineteenth-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Women's Rights Historian Looks at Witchcraft.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Corey, Mary E.</p> <p>2003-01-01</p> <p>Explores the ideas of the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span> female historian, Matilda Joslyn Gage, who authored the book, "Woman, Church, and State." Focuses on Gage's ideas about women's history, particularly <span class="hlt">related</span> to the role of the church and women persecuted for witchcraft. (CMK)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12385224','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12385224"><span>[<span class="hlt">International</span> trends of applied ecology and its future development in China].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Zhou, Qixing; Sun, Shunjiang</p> <p>2002-07-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Internationally</span> applied ecology was born around 25-40 years ago in order to adapt and serve the needs of mitigating increasingly environmental pollution and ecological destroy in developed western countries at that time. All the times applied ecological principles thus underpin most efforts at solving increasingly deterioration of natural resources and serious eco-environmental problems as its keystone and researching kernel with the development of the subject. At the advent of the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>, human beings enter into the age of applied ecology. There are five <span class="hlt">international</span> features of applied ecology, including more attention to many-sided applications, special emphasis on the intersection with engineering, strongly keeping on mutual links with basic ecology, omnidirectional adoption of new methods and new technology, and side-by-side trends of microcosmic mechanisms and macroscopical regulation. Although we must connect with <span class="hlt">international</span> applied ecology and absorb distillates from the subject in developed western countries, development of applied ecology in China in the future, in particular, at the beginnings of the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> should not deviate from aiming at the solution of increasingly environmental pollution and ecological destroy that is one of the most important basic situations of the country.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=lam&pg=3&id=EJ1023538','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=lam&pg=3&id=EJ1023538"><span>Spreading Our Wings: <span class="hlt">International</span> Education as Journeys of Enriched Learning</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Foster, Karen K.; Yao, Yuankun; Buchanan-Butterfield, Dawna Lisa; Powell-Brown, Ann</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>In the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>, the impact of globalization has increased the importance of the internationalization of education (Jiang, 2010; Lam, 2010). Because it is imperative for the success of their graduates, colleges are encouraged to offer <span class="hlt">international</span> educational experiences to gain a competitive edge over other institutions of higher learning…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23163474','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23163474"><span>Daniel Landis: Award for Distinguished Contributions to the <span class="hlt">International</span> Advancement of Psychology.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p></p> <p>2012-11-01</p> <p>Presents a short biography of one of the co-recipients of the American Psychological Association's Award for Distinguished Contributions to the <span class="hlt">International</span> Advancement of Psychology. One of the 2012 winners is Daniel Landis for his unparalleled contribution to the field of intercultural research in a distinguished academic career spanning almost half a <span class="hlt">century</span>. Landis has shaped the field of intercultural research through scholarship of the highest order, reflected in his publications on cross-cultural training and research, the measurement of equal opportunity climate, individual-differences research and methodology, evaluation of social programs, development of theory in social psychology, and cross-cultural aspects of human sexuality. He is the founding editor-in-chief of the <span class="hlt">International</span> Journal of Intercultural <span class="hlt">Relations</span> and has edited three editions of the Handbook of Intercultural Training (1983, 1996, 2004). Landis' Award citation and a selected bibliography are also presented. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li class="active"><span>20</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_20 --> <div id="page_21" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li class="active"><span>21</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="401"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20070009874&hterms=physics+astrophysics&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D30%26Ntt%3Dphysics%2Bastrophysics','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20070009874&hterms=physics+astrophysics&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D30%26Ntt%3Dphysics%2Bastrophysics"><span>Challenges in 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Physics</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Wilson, Thomas L.</p> <p>2007-01-01</p> <p>We are truly fortunate to live in one of the great epochs of human discovery, a time when science is providing new visions and understanding about ourselves and the world in which we live. At last, we are beginning to explore the Universe itself. One particularly exciting area of advancement is high-energy physics where several existing concepts will be put to the test. A brief survey will be given of accomplishments in 20th <span class="hlt">Century</span> physics. These include <span class="hlt">relativity</span> and quantum physics which have produced breakthroughs in cosmology, astrophysics, and high-energy particle physics. The current situation is then assessed, combining the last 100 years of progress with new 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> challenges about unification and where to go next. Finally, the future is upon us. The next frontier in experimental high-energy physics, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Geneva, is scheduled to begin coming online this year (2007). The potential for the LHC to address several of the significant problems in physics today will be discussed, as this great accelerator examines the predictions of the Standard Model of particle physics and even cosmology. New physics and new science will surely emerge and a better vision of the world will unfold.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3160807','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3160807"><span>Disability and health-<span class="hlt">related</span> rehabilitation in <span class="hlt">international</span> disaster relief</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Reinhardt, Jan D.; Li, Jianan; Gosney, James; Rathore, Farooq A.; Haig, Andrew J.; Marx, Michael; Delisa, Joel A.</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>Background Natural disasters result in significant numbers of disabling impairments. Paradoxically, however, the traditional health system response to natural disasters largely neglects health-<span class="hlt">related</span> rehabilitation as a strategic intervention. Objectives To examine the role of health-<span class="hlt">related</span> rehabilitation in natural disaster relief along three lines of inquiry: (1) epidemiology of injury and disability, (2) impact on health and rehabilitation systems, and (3) the assessment and measurement of disability. Design Qualitative literature review and secondary data analysis. Results Absolute numbers of injuries as well as injury to death ratios in natural disasters have increased significantly over the last 40 years. Major impairments requiring health-<span class="hlt">related</span> rehabilitation include amputations, traumatic brain injuries, spinal cord injuries (SCI), and long bone fractures. Studies show that persons with pre-existing disabilities are more likely to die in a natural disaster. Lack of health-<span class="hlt">related</span> rehabilitation in natural disaster relief may result in additional burdening of the health system capacity, exacerbating baseline weak rehabilitation and health system infrastructure. Little scientific evidence on the effectiveness of health-<span class="hlt">related</span> rehabilitation interventions following natural disaster exists, however. Although systematic assessment and measurement of disability after a natural disaster is currently lacking, new approaches have been suggested. Conclusion Health-<span class="hlt">related</span> rehabilitation potentially results in decreased morbidity due to disabling injuries sustained during a natural disaster and is, therefore, an essential component of the medical response by the host and <span class="hlt">international</span> communities. Significant systematic challenges to effective delivery of rehabilitation interventions during disaster include a lack of trained responders as well as a lack of medical recordkeeping, data collection, and established outcome measures. Additional development of health-<span class="hlt">related</span></p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..1918758O','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..1918758O"><span>Investigating the <span class="hlt">relative</span> importance of nitrogen deposition on the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> terrestrial carbon sink</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>O'Sullivan, Michael; Buermann, Wolfgang; Spracklen, Dominick; Arnold, Steve; Gloor, Manuel</p> <p>2017-04-01</p> <p>The global terrestrial carbon sink has increased since the start of this <span class="hlt">century</span> at a time of rapidly growing carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel burning. Here we test the hypothesis that increases in nitrogen deposition from fossil fuel burning and linked carbon-nitrogen interactions fertilized terrestrial ecosystems, increasing carbon uptake and storage. Using the dynamic global vegetation model CLM4.5-BGC, we perform factorial analyses, separating the effects of individual drivers to changes in carbon fluxes and sinks. Globally, we find that increases in nitrogen deposition from 1960 to 2010 increased carbon uptake by 1PgC/yr. One third of this increase can be attributed to East Asia alone, with Europe also having a significant contribution. The global, post-2000 anthropogenic nitrogen deposition effect on terrestrial carbon uptake is entirely accounted for from East Asia (increase of 0.05 PgC/yr). We will also quantify the <span class="hlt">relative</span> effects of various other drivers on carbon exchanges such as CO2 fertilization, climate change, and land-use and land-cover change. This increased nitrogen deposition has served to fertilize the biosphere in recent years, but its influence on carbon sink processes may be rather short-lived due to the short lifetime of atmospheric reactive nitrogen while the influence of increased CO2 emissions (and the CO2 fertilization effect) will last multiple decades, a 'Faustian Bargain'.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFMGC14B..05A','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFMGC14B..05A"><span><span class="hlt">Relative</span> impacts of mitigation, temperature, and precipitation on 21st-<span class="hlt">Century</span> megadrought risk in the American Southwest.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Ault, T.; Mankin, J. S.; Cook, B.; Smerdon, J. E.</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p>Megadroughts are comparable in severity to the worst droughts of the 20th <span class="hlt">Century</span>, but of much longer duration. A megadrought in the American Southwest would impose unprecedented stress on the limited water resources of the area, making it critical to evaluate future risks under different climate change mitigation scenarios, as well as for different aspects of regional hydroclimate. We find changes in the mean hydroclimate state, rather than its variability, determine megadrought risk in the American Southwest. Estimates of megadrought probability based on precipitation alone tend to underestimate risk. Furthermore, business-as-usual emissions of greenhouse gases will drive regional warming and drying, despite the high uncertainty regarding precipitation. We find regional temperature increases alone push megadrought risk above 70%, 90%, or 99% by the end of the <span class="hlt">century</span>, even if precipitation increases moderately, does not change, or decreases, respectively. While each outcome is supported by some climate models, the latter is the most common projection for the American Southwest. An aggressive reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions cuts these risks nearly in half.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70187660','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70187660"><span><span class="hlt">International</span> river basins of the world</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wolf, Aaron T.; Natharius, Jeffrey A.; Danielson, Jeffrey J.; Ward, Brian S.; Pender, Jan K.</p> <p>1999-01-01</p> <p>It is becoming acknowledged that water is likely to be the most pressing environmental concern of the next <span class="hlt">century</span>. Difficulties in river basin management are only exacerbated when the resource crosses <span class="hlt">international</span> boundaries. One critical aid in the assessment of <span class="hlt">international</span> waters has been the Register of <span class="hlt">International</span> Rivers a compendium which listed 214 <span class="hlt">international</span> waterways that cover 47% of the earth's continental land surface. The Register, though, was last updated in 1978 by the now defunct United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. The purpose of this paper is to update the Register in order to reflect the quantum changes that have taken place over the last 22 years, both in global geopolitics and in map coverage and technology. By accessing digital elevation models at spatial resolutions of 30 arc seconds, corroborating at a unified global map coverage of at least 1:1 000 000, and superimposing the results over complete coverage of current political boundaries, we are able to provide a new register which lists 261 <span class="hlt">international</span> rivers, covering 45.3% of the land surface of the earth (excluding Antarctica). This paper lists all <span class="hlt">international</span> rivers with their watershed areas, the nations which share each watershed,their respective territorial percentages, and notes on changes in or disputes over <span class="hlt">international</span> boundaries since 1978.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2013-title39-vol1/pdf/CFR-2013-title39-vol1-sec320-5.pdf','CFR2013'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2013-title39-vol1/pdf/CFR-2013-title39-vol1-sec320-5.pdf"><span>39 CFR 320.5 - Suspension for certain <span class="hlt">international</span>-ocean carrier-<span class="hlt">related</span> documents.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collectionCfr.action?selectedYearFrom=2013&page.go=Go">Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR</a></p> <p></p> <p>2013-07-01</p> <p>... 39 Postal Service 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Suspension for certain <span class="hlt">international</span>-ocean carrier...-ocean carrier-<span class="hlt">related</span> documents. The operation of 39 U.S.C. 601(a) (1) through (6) and § 310.2(b) (1) through (6) of this chapter is suspended on all post routes for documents, sent by a shipper or an ocean...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2014-title39-vol1/pdf/CFR-2014-title39-vol1-sec320-5.pdf','CFR2014'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2014-title39-vol1/pdf/CFR-2014-title39-vol1-sec320-5.pdf"><span>39 CFR 320.5 - Suspension for certain <span class="hlt">international</span>-ocean carrier-<span class="hlt">related</span> documents.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collectionCfr.action?selectedYearFrom=2014&page.go=Go">Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR</a></p> <p></p> <p>2014-07-01</p> <p>... 39 Postal Service 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Suspension for certain <span class="hlt">international</span>-ocean carrier...-ocean carrier-<span class="hlt">related</span> documents. The operation of 39 U.S.C. 601(a) (1) through (6) and § 310.2(b) (1) through (6) of this chapter is suspended on all post routes for documents, sent by a shipper or an ocean...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2010-title39-vol1/pdf/CFR-2010-title39-vol1-sec320-5.pdf','CFR'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2010-title39-vol1/pdf/CFR-2010-title39-vol1-sec320-5.pdf"><span>39 CFR 320.5 - Suspension for certain <span class="hlt">international</span>-ocean carrier-<span class="hlt">related</span> documents.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collectionCfr.action?selectedYearFrom=2010&page.go=Go">Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR</a></p> <p></p> <p>2010-07-01</p> <p>... 39 Postal Service 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Suspension for certain <span class="hlt">international</span>-ocean carrier...-ocean carrier-<span class="hlt">related</span> documents. The operation of 39 U.S.C. 601(a) (1) through (6) and § 310.2(b) (1) through (6) of this chapter is suspended on all post routes for documents, sent by a shipper or an ocean...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2011-title39-vol1/pdf/CFR-2011-title39-vol1-sec320-5.pdf','CFR2011'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2011-title39-vol1/pdf/CFR-2011-title39-vol1-sec320-5.pdf"><span>39 CFR 320.5 - Suspension for certain <span class="hlt">international</span>-ocean carrier-<span class="hlt">related</span> documents.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collectionCfr.action?selectedYearFrom=2011&page.go=Go">Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR</a></p> <p></p> <p>2011-07-01</p> <p>... 39 Postal Service 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Suspension for certain <span class="hlt">international</span>-ocean carrier...-ocean carrier-<span class="hlt">related</span> documents. The operation of 39 U.S.C. 601(a) (1) through (6) and § 310.2(b) (1) through (6) of this chapter is suspended on all post routes for documents, sent by a shipper or an ocean...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2012-title39-vol1/pdf/CFR-2012-title39-vol1-sec320-5.pdf','CFR2012'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2012-title39-vol1/pdf/CFR-2012-title39-vol1-sec320-5.pdf"><span>39 CFR 320.5 - Suspension for certain <span class="hlt">international</span>-ocean carrier-<span class="hlt">related</span> documents.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collectionCfr.action?selectedYearFrom=2012&page.go=Go">Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR</a></p> <p></p> <p>2012-07-01</p> <p>... 39 Postal Service 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Suspension for certain <span class="hlt">international</span>-ocean carrier...-ocean carrier-<span class="hlt">related</span> documents. The operation of 39 U.S.C. 601(a) (1) through (6) and § 310.2(b) (1) through (6) of this chapter is suspended on all post routes for documents, sent by a shipper or an ocean...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28244254','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28244254"><span><span class="hlt">International</span> trends in health science librarianship part 20: Russia.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Murphy, Jeannette; Jargin, Serge</p> <p>2017-03-01</p> <p>This is the last in a series of articles exploring <span class="hlt">international</span> trends in health science librarianship in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. The focus of the present issue is Russia. The next feature column will initiate a new series entitled New Directions in Health Science Librarianship. The first contribution will be from Australia. JM. © 2017 Health Libraries Group.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4232607','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4232607"><span>Tree-Ring Stable Isotopes Reveal Twentieth-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Increases in Water-Use Efficiency of Fagus sylvatica and Nothofagus spp. in Italian and Chilean Mountains</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Tognetti, Roberto; Lombardi, Fabio; Lasserre, Bruno; Cherubini, Paolo; Marchetti, Marco</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>Changes in intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) were investigated in Fagus sylvatica and Nothofagus spp. over the last <span class="hlt">century</span>. We combined dendrochronological methods with dual-isotope analysis to investigate whether atmospheric changes enhanced iWUE of Fagus and Nothofagus and tree growth (basal area increment, BAI) along latitudinal gradients in Italy and Chile. Post-maturation phases of the trees presented different patterns in δ13C, Δ13C, δ18O, Ci (<span class="hlt">internal</span> CO2 concentration), iWUE, and BAI. A continuous enhancement in isotope-derived iWUE was observed throughout the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span>, which was common to all sites and <span class="hlt">related</span> to changes in Ca (ambient CO2 concentration) and secondarily to increases in temperature. In contrast to other studies, we observed a general increasing trend of BAI, with the exception of F. sylvatica in Aspromonte. Both iWUE and BAI were uncoupled with the estimated drought index, which is in agreement with the absence of enduring decline in tree growth. In general, δ13C and δ18O showed a weak relationship, suggesting the major influence of photosynthetic rate on Ci and δ13C, and the minor contribution of the regulation of stomatal conductance to iWUE. The substantial warming observed during the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> did not result in a clear pattern of increased drought stress along these latitudinal transects, because of the variability in temporal trends of precipitation and in specific responses of populations. PMID:25398040</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=economy+AND+space&pg=4&id=EJ935425','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=economy+AND+space&pg=4&id=EJ935425"><span>The 21st-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Learning Environment</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Kennedy, Mike</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>Step into a classroom in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>, and the odds are it won't look all that different from one in the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>. One decade into the 2000s, many schools and universities have been frustrated in their efforts to upgrade their facilities and resources because of shrinking budgets. But even with the ailing economy, some education…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED361812.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED361812.pdf"><span>Toward a Comprehensive History of Public <span class="hlt">Relations</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Byerly, Carolyn M.</p> <p></p> <p>Standard histories of public <span class="hlt">relations</span> privilege the field's association with business enterprise, and traditionally place the origins of the field in the press agentry of the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span> and in the rise of corporate concern with public opinion in the first decade of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>. However, the roots of public <span class="hlt">relations</span> reach both farther and…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002CosRe..40..419M','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002CosRe..40..419M"><span>Planetary Missions of the 20th <span class="hlt">Century</span>*</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Moroz, V. I.; Huntress, W. T.; Shevalev, I. L.</p> <p>2002-09-01</p> <p>Among of the highlights of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> were flights of spacecraft to other bodies of the Solar System. This paper describes briefly the missions attempted, their goals, and fate. Information is presented in five tables on the missions launched, their goals, mission designations, dates, discoveries when successful, and what happened if they failed. More detailed explanations are given in the accompanying text. It is shown how this enterprise developed and evolved step by step from a politically driven competition to intense scientific investigations and <span class="hlt">international</span> cooperation. Initially, only the USA and USSR sent missions to the Moon and planets. Europe and Japan joined later. The USSR carried out significant research in Solar System exploration until the end of the 1980s. The Russian Federation no longer supports robotic planetary exploration for economic reasons, and it remains to be seen whether the invaluable Russian experience in planetary space flight will be lost. Collaboration between Russian and other national space agencies may be a solution.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25154133','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25154133"><span>An assemblage of science and home. The gendered lifestyle of Svante Arrhenius and early twentieth-<span class="hlt">century</span> physical chemistry.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Bergwik, Staffan</p> <p>2014-06-01</p> <p>This essay explores the gendered lifestyle of early twentieth-<span class="hlt">century</span> physics and chemistry and shows how that way of life was produced through linking science and home. In 1905, the Swedish physical chemist Svante Arrhenius married Maja Johansson and established a scientific household at the Nobel Institute for Physical Chemistry in Stockholm. He created a productive context for research in which ideas about marriage and family were pivotal. He also socialized in similar scientific sites abroad. This essay displays how scholars in the <span class="hlt">international</span> community circulated the gendered lifestyle through frequent travel and by reproducing gendered behavior. Everywhere, husbands and wives were expected to perform distinct duties. Shared performances created loyalties across national divides. The essay thus situates the physical sciences at the turn of the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> in a bourgeois gender ideology. Moreover, it argues that the gendered lifestyle was not external to knowledge making but, rather, foundational to laboratory life. A legitimate and culturally intelligible lifestyle produced the trust and support needed for collaboration. In addition, it enabled access to prestigious facilities for Svante Arrhenius, ultimately securing his position in <span class="hlt">international</span> physical chemistry.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20664022','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20664022"><span>Remembering Florence Nightingale's panorama: 21st-<span class="hlt">century</span> nursing--at a critical crossroads.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Beck, Deva-Marie</p> <p>2010-12-01</p> <p>Florence Nightingale lived and worked in response to her times--yet also ahead of her time. She insisted on pursuing a career even though her wealthy family could have provided her with a lifetime of leisure. Because she was a woman, this choice to work outside her home was all the more unusual. Nightingale was also a vanguard woman because she chose nursing, a role that was considered the work of desperate, impoverished women who lived on the street like prostitutes. In addition to these unusual choices, Nightingale's career was unique beyond anyone in her time. She was one of the most prolific authors of the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span>. In addition to being an early role model for nursing, Nightingale was also a leader in several other fields emerging in her time, including social work, statistical analysis, and print journalism. As a global thinker, Nightingale would have loved 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. She noted cultural, social, and economic concerns, particularly in <span class="hlt">relation</span> to health and to the discipline of nursing. She urged nurses to progress in their practice and to think outside their official domains. She responded to the culture of the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span> by envisioning what could be changed. Working with her talents and available resources, she evolved the health care culture of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> and beyond. She called all of this work "Health-Nursing." As we remember and further study the extraordinary panorama that is our Nightingale legacy, we are creating and shaping our relevant, emerging 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> nursing practice.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519500.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519500.pdf"><span>21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Map: The Arts</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Dean, Colleen; Ebert, Christie M. Lynch; McGreevy-Nichols, Susan; Quinn, Betsy; Sabol, F. Robert; Schmid, Dale; Shauck, R. Barry; Shuler, Scott C.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Map is the result of hundreds of hours of research, development and feedback from educators and business leaders across the nation. The Partnership for 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills has issued this map for the core subject of the Arts.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519491.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519491.pdf"><span>21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Map: Social Studies</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2007</p> <p>2007-01-01</p> <p>This 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Map is the result of hundreds of hours of research, development and feedback from educators and business leaders across the nation. The Partnership for 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills has issued this map for the core subject of Social Studies.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016IAUFM..29A.106B','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016IAUFM..29A.106B"><span>Twentieth-<span class="hlt">century</span> astronomical heritage: the case of the Brazilian National Observatory</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Barboza, Christina Helena</p> <p>2016-10-01</p> <p>This paper aims at contributing to the UNESCO-IAU Astronomy and World Heritage Initiative's discussions by presenting the case study of a 20th-<span class="hlt">century</span> observatory located in a South American country. In fact, the National Observatory of Brazil was created in the beginning of the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span>, but its present facilities were inaugurated in 1921. Through this paper a brief description of the heritage associated with the Brazilian observatory is given, focused on its main historical instruments and the scientific and social roles it performed along its history. By way of conclusion, the paper suggests that the creation of the Museum of Astronomy and <span class="hlt">Related</span> Sciences with its multidisciplinary team of academic specialists and technicians was decisive for the preservation of that expressive astronomical heritage.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li class="active"><span>21</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_21 --> <div id="page_22" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li class="active"><span>22</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="421"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005PhyEd..40..238W','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005PhyEd..40..238W"><span>Antimatter and 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> science</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Williams, Gary</p> <p>2005-03-01</p> <p>This article gives an outline of the history of antimatter from the concept first introduced in 1898 up to the present day and is intended to complement the article 'Antihydrogen on Tap’ on page 229. It is hoped that it will provide enough historical background material along with interesting snippets of information for teachers to feel informed about the topic when in the classroom. Antimatter is the perfect example of 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> science incorporating quantum mechanics and <span class="hlt">relativity</span>, and showing progression from a theoretical idea to mass production within the space of 100 years. The final section is about using the idea of antihydrogen in the classroom.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=medieval+AND+literature&pg=7&id=EJ396361','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=medieval+AND+literature&pg=7&id=EJ396361"><span>An Unfashionable Rhetoric in the Fifteenth <span class="hlt">Century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Woods, Marjorie Curry</p> <p>1989-01-01</p> <p>Reveals the continued importance of medieval rhetorical pedagogy throughout the high Middle Ages and early Renaissance by exploring the fifteenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> popularity, uses of, and references to Geoffrey of Vinsauf's "Poetria nova" (a thirteenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> verse treatise on the composition of poetry according to rhetorical principles). (SR)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1254116','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1254116"><span>Mexico and the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Power Partnership: Paving the Way to a Greener, Smarter, More Flexible Grid</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>None, None</p> <p></p> <p>The 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Power Partnership's program in Mexico (21CPP Mexico) is one initiative of the Clean Energy Ministerial carried out in cooperation with government and local stakeholders, drawing upon an <span class="hlt">international</span> community of power system expertise.The overall goal of this program is to support Mexico's power system transformation by accelerating the transition to a reliable, financially robust, and low-carbon system.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFMGC23L1249W','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFMGC23L1249W"><span>Analysis on development situation and tendency of <span class="hlt">international</span> Qinghai-Tibet Plateau studies</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Wang, X.</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is one of the hotspots of the <span class="hlt">international</span> earth science studies. The <span class="hlt">relative</span> research papers have proliferated especially since 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. By using the the latest bibliometric indicators, the statistical analysis of the quantities and qualities was carried out for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau literature indexed by SCIE during 1900 and 2012. It focused on the published years, journals, countries, cities, research institutes, <span class="hlt">international</span> cooperation, and subjects. Some statistical results were displayed and deeply analyzed by using the tools of mapping knowledge domain (MKD) and geographic information system (GIS). The results of the Bibliometric analysis indicate that the publication and citation of QTP researches have a jump after entering the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. China, USA, India, Canada and France are the main coutries engaged in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau studies. Knowledge mapping results show that USA, UK and France have longer academic influential power of QTP researches, which indicates that these countries begin to study QTP early and the papers have longer permanent impacts. On the other hand, China, India and Japan have higher academic influential power in recent years, which indicate that these countries have more publications and higher impacts recently. The disciplines of QTP researches mainly focus on the geology, geochemistry &geophysics, environmental sciences &ecology, and so on. The spatial analysis indicates that the differences of the disciplines are emphasized by different countries. The above analysis results is hoped to integrate the new knowledge and reveal the development tendency of the QTP researches.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AGUFM.H21G0915M','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AGUFM.H21G0915M"><span>Great Plains Drought in Simulations of Twentieth <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>McCrary, R. R.; Randall, D. A.</p> <p>2008-12-01</p> <p>The Great Plains region of the United States was influenced by a number of multi-year droughts during the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span>. Most notable were the "Dust Bowl" drought of the 1930s and the 1950s Great Plains drought. In this study we evaluate the ability of three of the Coupled Global Climate Models (CGCMs) used in the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the IPCC to simulate Great Plains drought with the same frequency and intensity as was observed during the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span>. The models chosen for this study are: GFDL CM 2.0, NCAR CCSM3, and UKMO HadCM3. We find that the models accurately capture the climatology of the hydrologic cycle of the Great Plains, but that they tend to overestimate the variability in Great Plains precipitation. We also find that in each model simulation at least one long-term drought occurs over the Great Plains region during their representations 20th <span class="hlt">Century</span> Climate. The multi-year droughts produced by the models exhibit similar magnitudes and spatial scales as was observed during the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span>. This study also investigates the <span class="hlt">relative</span> roles that external forcing from the tropical Pacific and local feedbacks between the land surface and the atmosphere have in the initiation and perpetuation of Great Plains drought in each model. We find that cool, La Nina-like conditions in the tropical pacific are often associated with long-term drought conditions over the Great Plains in GFDL CM 2.0 and UKMO HadCM3, but there appears to be no systematic relationship between tropical Pacific SST variability and Great Plains drought in CCSM3. It is possible the strong coupling between the land surface and the atmosphere in the NCAR model causes precipitation anomalies to lock into phase over the Great Plains thereby perpetuating drought conditions. Results from this study are intended to help assess whether or not these climate models are credible for use in the assessment of future drought over the Great Plains region of the United States.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=global+AND+sociology&pg=6&id=EJ1047814','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=global+AND+sociology&pg=6&id=EJ1047814"><span>Elite <span class="hlt">International</span> Schools in the Global South: Transnational Space, Class <span class="hlt">Relationalities</span> and the "Middling" <span class="hlt">International</span> Schoolteacher</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Tarc, Paul; Mishra Tarc, Aparna</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>The elite <span class="hlt">international</span> school is a rich site for sociological inquiry in global times. In this paper, we conceptualize the <span class="hlt">international</span> school as a transnational space of agonist social class-making given the dynamic positioning of the complement of <span class="hlt">international</span> school actors. We position <span class="hlt">international</span> schoolteachers in the middle of these…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29780186','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29780186"><span><span class="hlt">Internal</span> ocean-atmosphere variability drives megadroughts in Western North America.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Coats, S; Smerdon, J E; Cook, B I; Seager, R; Cook, E R; Anchukaitis, K J</p> <p>2016-09-28</p> <p>Multidecadal droughts that occurred during the Medieval Climate Anomaly represent an important target for validating the ability of climate models to adequately characterize drought risk over the near-term future. A prominent hypothesis is that these megadroughts were driven by a <span class="hlt">centuries</span>-long radiatively forced shift in the mean state of the tropical Pacific Ocean. Here we use a novel combination of spatiotemporal tree-ring reconstructions of Northern Hemisphere hydroclimate to infer the atmosphere-ocean dynamics that coincide with megadroughts over the American West, and find that these features are consistently associated with ten-to-thirty year periods of frequent cold El Niño Southern Oscillation conditions and not a <span class="hlt">centuries</span>-long shift in the mean of the tropical Pacific Ocean. These results suggest an important role for <span class="hlt">internal</span> variability in driving past megadroughts. State-of-the art climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5, however, do not simulate a consistent association between megadroughts and <span class="hlt">internal</span> variability of the tropical Pacific Ocean, with implications for our confidence in megadrought risk projections.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21879568','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21879568"><span>The treatment of tuberculosis in Ferrara (Italy) in the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Vicentini, Chiara Beatrice; Mares, Donatella; Guidi, Enrica; Angelini, Lauretta; Contini, Carlo; Manfredini, Stefano</p> <p>2010-12-01</p> <p>The present work is a review of the remedies in use in Ferrara against tuberculosis in the 1800s. The work started from the discovery of accounts describing methods and remedies. These remedies were also in use world wide. Of particular interest is the work by Antonio Campana, a famous professor of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Botany in Ferrara, who wrote a pharmacopoeia which had several editions between 1797 and 1841. The Farmacopea Ferrarese was addressed to the apothecaries of Ferrara. Nevertheless, due to its great reputation it had an <span class="hlt">international</span> distribution. It provided us with an exhaustive view about the medical field in Ferrara in the early 1800s. The remedies adopted in the city in the second half of the <span class="hlt">century</span> were in line with those present abroad. The work was also supported by the discovery of statistical accounts of the Sant'Anna hospital from 1871. The manuscript written by Alessandro Bennati enabled elucidation of the methods used to treat tuberculosis in the second half of the <span class="hlt">century</span>. Bennati's work is an historical document completed by the work of the physician Cesare Minerbi.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27919295','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27919295"><span>Advances in Intelligence Research: What Should be Expected in the XXI <span class="hlt">Century</span> (Questions & Answers).</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Colom, Roberto</p> <p>2016-12-06</p> <p>Here I briefly delineate my view about the main question of this <span class="hlt">International</span> Seminar, namely, what should we expecting from the XXI <span class="hlt">Century</span> regarding the advancements in intelligence research. This view can be summarized as 'The Brain Connection' (TBC), meaning that neuroscience will be of paramount relevance for increasing our current knowledge <span class="hlt">related</span> to the key question: why are some people smarter than others? We need answers to the issue of what happens in our brains when the genotype and the environment are integrated. The scientific community has devoted great research efforts, ranging from observable behavior to hidden genetics, but we are still far from having a clear general picture of what it means to be more or less intelligent. After the discussion held with the panel of experts participating in the seminar, it is concluded that advancements will be more solid and safe increasing the collaboration of scientists with shared research interests worldwide. Paralleling current sophisticated analyses of how the brain computes, nowadays science may embrace a network approach.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27591712','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27591712"><span>Amygdala habituation to emotional faces in adolescents with <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> disorders, adolescents with childhood sexual abuse <span class="hlt">related</span> PTSD and healthy adolescents.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>van den Bulk, Bianca G; Somerville, Leah H; van Hoof, Marie-José; van Lang, Natasja D J; van der Wee, Nic J A; Crone, Eveline A; Vermeiren, Robert R J M</p> <p>2016-10-01</p> <p>Adolescents with <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> disorders and adolescents with childhood sexual abuse <span class="hlt">related</span> post-traumatic stress disorder (CSA-<span class="hlt">related</span> PTSD) show a large overlap in symptomatology. In addition, brain research indicated hyper-responsiveness and sustained activation instead of habituation of amygdala activation to emotional faces in both groups. Little is known, however, about whether the same patterns of amygdala habituation are present in these two groups. The current study examined habituation patterns of amygdala activity to emotional faces (fearful, happy and neutral) in adolescents with a DSM-IV depressive and/or anxiety disorder (N=25), adolescents with CSA-<span class="hlt">related</span> PTSD (N=19) and healthy controls (N=26). Behaviourally, the adolescents from the <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> and CSA-<span class="hlt">related</span> PTSD group reported more anxiety to fearful and neutral faces than adolescents from the control group and adolescents from the CSA-<span class="hlt">related</span> PTSD group reacted slower compared to the <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> group. At the whole brain level, there was a significant interaction between time and group within the left amygdala. Follow-up ROI analysis showed elevated initial activity in the amygdala and rapid habituation in the CSA-<span class="hlt">related</span> PTSD group compared to the <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> group. These findings suggest that habituation patterns of amygdala activation provide additional information on problems with emotional face processing. Furthermore, the results suggest there are differences in the underlying neurobiological mechanisms <span class="hlt">related</span> to emotional face processing for adolescents with <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> disorders and adolescents with CSA-<span class="hlt">related</span> PTSD. Possibly CSA-<span class="hlt">related</span> PTSD is characterized by a stronger primary emotional response driven by the amygdala. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26843534','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26843534"><span><span class="hlt">Internal</span> Medicine Residents' Beliefs, Attitudes, and Experiences <span class="hlt">Relating</span> to Palliative Care: A Qualitative Study.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Kawaguchi, S; Mirza, R; Nissim, R; Ridley, J</p> <p>2017-05-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Internal</span> medicine residents are frequently called upon to provide palliative care to hospitalized patients, but report feeling unprepared to do so effectively. Curricular development to enhance residents' palliative care skills and competencies requires an understanding of current beliefs, attitudes and learning priorities. We conducted a qualitative study consisting of semi-structured interviews with ten <span class="hlt">internal</span> medicine residents to explore their understanding of and experiences with palliative care. All of the residents interviewed had a sound theoretical understanding of palliative care, but faced many challenges in being able to provide care in practice. The challenges described by residents were system-<span class="hlt">related</span>, patient-<span class="hlt">related</span> and provider-<span class="hlt">related</span>. They identified several priority areas for further learning, and discussed ways in which their current education in palliative care could be enhanced. Our findings provide important insights to guide curricular development for <span class="hlt">internal</span> medicine trainees. The top five learning priorities in palliative care that residents identified in our study were: 1) knowing how and when to initiate a palliative approach, 2) improving communication skills, 3) improving symptom management skills, 4) identifying available resources, and 5) understanding the importance of palliative care. Residents felt that their education in palliative care could be improved by having a mandatory rotation in palliative care, more frequent didactic teaching sessions, more case-based teaching from palliative care providers, opportunities to be directly observed, and increased support from palliative care providers after-hours.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1094407.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1094407.pdf"><span>Pedagogical Implementation of 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Jacobson-Lundeberg, Vera</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>This paper examines students' perceptions of how intentionally taught 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> skills have transformed their lives. Personal development education (PDE) encompasses interpersonal and interaction skills that are required for students to function and succeed in global-oriented 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> colleges and careers. The Common Core State Standards…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23370104','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23370104"><span>[Slaves in purgatory: the Tucunduba Leprosarium (Pará, nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>)].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Henrique, Márcio Couto</p> <p>2012-12-01</p> <p>The article analyzes the experience of the slaves <span class="hlt">interned</span> at the Tucunduba Leprosarium in Belém, state of Pará during the nineteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>. The slaves were freed once they showed the marks of their leprosy, and expectations were that they would submit to the segregation policy meant to keep them from contact with the rest of the population. The documentation produced by Santa Casa de Misericórdia hospital in Pará and by the province's political authorities reveals the strategies the slaves devised in response to this policy; they used their numerical predominance at the leprosarium to create a network of solidarity that allowed them to recreate their lives and stand in opposition to the type of nation that the era's hygienist theories envisioned.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22814952','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22814952"><span>Rabi Rashidi (Rashidi Quarters): a late thirteen to early fourteenth <span class="hlt">century</span> Middle Eastern Medical School.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Abbasnejad, Feridoon; Shoja, Mohammadali M; Agutter, Paul S; Alakbarli, Farid; Loukas, Marios; Shokouhi, Ghaffar; Khalili, Majid; Tubbs, R Shane</p> <p>2012-11-01</p> <p>Following the Mongolian invasion of the Middle East in the thirteenth <span class="hlt">century</span>, a regional power called the Ilkhanid emerged and was ruled by the heirs of Temujin from Mongolia. Embracing present-day Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, areas of Russia, Turkey, and Pakistan, and nearby Middle Eastern territories, the Ilkhanid state patronized medicine and various other professions. Centered in Tabriz (Tauris), a city in the northwest of present-day Iran, was a non-profit-making educational and medical complex founded by Grand Minister Rashid al-Din Fazlollah Hamadani. This paper reviews the literature regarding the rise and fall of the thirteenth <span class="hlt">century</span> university and the Rabi Rashidi, emphasizing the structure of its medical school. The background training of Rashid al-Din and his keen interest in science turned this complex, Rabi Rashidi (literally meaning the Rashidi Quarters), into a cosmopolitan university that freely trained medical scholars nationally and <span class="hlt">internationally</span>. The possibility that Rashid al-Din was inspired by university developments in Europe is discussed.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4562454','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4562454"><span>MECHANICS OF THE LUNG IN THE 20TH <span class="hlt">CENTURY</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Mitzner, Wayne</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>Major advances in respiratory mechanics occurred primarily in the latter half of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, and this is when much of our current understanding was secured. The earliest and ancient investigations involving respiratory physiology and mechanics were often done in conjunction with other scientific activities and often lacked the ability to make quantitative measurements. This situation changed rapidly in the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, and this <span class="hlt">relatively</span> recent history of lung mechanics has been greatly influenced by critical technological advances and applications, which have made quantitative experimental testing of ideas possible. From the spirometer of Hutchinson, to the pneumotachograph of Fleisch, to the measurement of esophageal pressure, to the use of the Wilhelmy balance by Clements, to the unassuming strain gauges for measuring pressure and rapid paper and electronic chart recorders, these enabling devices have generated numerous quantitative experimental studies with greatly increased physiologic understanding and validation of mechanistic theories of lung function in health and disease. PMID:23733695</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=ubiquitous+AND+computing&pg=3&id=EJ691660','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=ubiquitous+AND+computing&pg=3&id=EJ691660"><span>Twenty-First <span class="hlt">Century</span> Learning: Communities, Interaction and Ubiquitous Computing</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Leh, Amy S.C.; Kouba, Barbara; Davis, Dirk</p> <p>2005-01-01</p> <p>Advanced technology makes 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> learning, communities and interactions unique and leads people to an era of ubiquitous computing. The purpose of this article is to contribute to the discussion of learning in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. The paper will review literature on learning community, community learning, interaction, 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> learning and…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/10127459','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/10127459"><span>Anti-gravity: The key to 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> physics</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Noyes, H.P.</p> <p>1993-01-01</p> <p>The masses coupling constants and cosmological parameters obtained using our discrete and combinatorial physics based on discrimination between bit-strings indicate that we can achieve the unification of quantum mechanics with <span class="hlt">relativity</span> which had become the goal of twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> physics. To broaden our case we show that limitations on measurement of the position and velocity of an individual massive particle observed in a colliding beam scattering experiment imply real, rational commutation <span class="hlt">relations</span> between position and velocity. Prior to this limit being pushed down to quantum effects, the lower bound is set by the available technology, but is otherwise scale invariant.more » Replacing force by force per unit mass and force per unit charge allows us to take over the Feynman-Dyson proof of the Maxwell Equations and extend it to weak gravity. The crossing symmetry of the individual scattering processes when one or more particles are replaced by anti-particles predicts both Coulomb attraction (for charged particles) and a Newtonian repulsion between any particle and its anti-particle. Previous quantum results remain intact, and predict the expected relativistic fine structure and spin dependencies. Experimental confirmation of this anti-gravity prediction would inaugurate the physics of the twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span>.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2011-08-11/pdf/2011-20386.pdf','FEDREG'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2011-08-11/pdf/2011-20386.pdf"><span>76 FR 49773 - <span class="hlt">International</span> Conference on Harmonisation; Guidance on E16 Biomarkers <span class="hlt">Related</span> to Drug or...</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collection.action?collectionCode=FR">Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014</a></p> <p></p> <p>2011-08-11</p> <p>...] <span class="hlt">International</span> Conference on Harmonisation; Guidance on E16 Biomarkers <span class="hlt">Related</span> to Drug or Biotechnology Product... availability of a guidance entitled ``E16 Biomarkers <span class="hlt">Related</span> to Drug or Biotechnology Product Development... development of drug or biotechnology products, including translational medicine approaches, pharmacokinetics...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26104166','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26104166"><span>Dilemmas of 19th-<span class="hlt">century</span> Liberalism among German Academic Chemists: Shaping a National Science Policy from Hofmann to Fischer, 1865-1919.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Johnson, Jeffrey Allan</p> <p>2015-04-01</p> <p>This paper's primary goal is to compare the personalities, values, and influence of August Wilhelm Hofmann and Emil Fischer as exemplars and acknowledged leaders of successive generations of the German chemical profession and as scientists sharing a 19th-<span class="hlt">century</span> liberal, internationalist outlook from the German wars of unification in the 1860s to Fischer's death in 1919 in the aftermath of German defeat in World War I. The paper will consider the influence of Hofmann and Fischer on the shaping of national scientific institutions in Germany, from founding of the German Chemical Society in 1867 to the first institutes of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society founded in 1911, their academic leadership in other areas including the shaping of a successful academic-industrial symbiosis in organic chemistry, and finally their response to war as a force disruptive of scientific <span class="hlt">internationalism</span>. All of these developments posed serious dilemmas, exacerbated by emerging strains of nationalism and anti-Semitism in German society. Whereas Hofmann's lifework came to a <span class="hlt">relatively</span> successful end in 1892, Fischer was not so fortunate, as the war brought him heavy responsibilities and terrible personal losses, but with no German victory and no peace of reconciliation--a bleak end for Fischer and the 19th-<span class="hlt">century</span> liberal ideals that had inspired him.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5052010','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5052010"><span><span class="hlt">Relative</span> impacts of mitigation, temperature, and precipitation on 21st-<span class="hlt">century</span> megadrought risk in the American Southwest</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Ault, Toby R.; Mankin, Justin S.; Cook, Benjamin I.; Smerdon, Jason E.</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>Megadroughts are comparable in severity to the worst droughts of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> but are of much longer duration. A megadrought in the American Southwest would impose unprecedented stress on the limited water resources of the area, making it critical to evaluate future risks not only under different climate change mitigation scenarios but also for different aspects of regional hydroclimate. We find that changes in the mean hydroclimate state, rather than its variability, determine megadrought risk in the American Southwest. Estimates of megadrought probabilities based on precipitation alone tend to underestimate risk. Furthermore, business-as-usual emissions of greenhouse gases will drive regional warming and drying, regardless of large precipitation uncertainties. We find that regional temperature increases alone push megadrought risk above 70, 90, or 99% by the end of the <span class="hlt">century</span>, even if precipitation increases moderately, does not change, or decreases, respectively. Although each possibility is supported by some climate model simulations, the latter is the most common outcome for the American Southwest in Coupled Model Intercomparison 5 generation models. An aggressive reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions cuts megadrought risks nearly in half. PMID:27713927</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li class="active"><span>22</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_22 --> <div id="page_23" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li class="active"><span>23</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>25</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="441"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20160012359&hterms=risk+climate&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D20%26Ntt%3Drisk%2Bclimate','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20160012359&hterms=risk+climate&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D20%26Ntt%3Drisk%2Bclimate"><span><span class="hlt">Relative</span> Impacts of Mitigation, Temperature, and Precipitation on 21st-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Megadrought Risk in the American Southwest</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Ault, Toby R.; Mankin, Justin S.; Cook, Benjamin I.; Smerdon, Jason E.</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>Megadroughts are comparable in severity to the worst droughts of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> but are of much longer duration. A megadrought in the American Southwest would impose unprecedented stress on the limited water resources of the area, making it critical to evaluate future risks not only under different climate change mitigation scenarios but also for different aspects of regional hydroclimate. We find that changes in the mean hydroclimate state, rather than its variability, determine megadrought risk in the American Southwest. Estimates of megadrought probabilities based on precipitation alone tend to underestimate risk. Furthermore, business-as-usual emissions of greenhouse gases will drive regional warming and drying, regardless of large precipitation uncertainties. We find that regional temperature increases alone push megadrought risk above 70, 90, or 99% by the end of the <span class="hlt">century</span>, even if precipitation increases moderately, does not change, or decreases, respectively. Although each possibility is supported by some climate model simulations, the latter is the most common outcome for the American Southwest in Coupled Model Intercomparison 5 generation models. An aggressive reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions cuts megadrought risks nearly in half.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=liberalism+AND+century+AND+19th&id=EJ310596','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=liberalism+AND+century+AND+19th&id=EJ310596"><span>If All the World Were Chicago: American Education in the Twentieth <span class="hlt">Century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Lazerson, Marvin</p> <p>1984-01-01</p> <p>Four sets of issues as they <span class="hlt">relate</span> to the city of Chicago during the late 19th and early 20th <span class="hlt">centuries</span> are examined: race and the liberal agenda, the role of academics in public policy, the organization of teachers, and the ambiguities of progressive policy. (RM)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AIPC..841...29C','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AIPC..841...29C"><span>Half <span class="hlt">Century</span> of Black-Hole Theory: From Physicists' Purgatory to Mathematicians' Paradise</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Carter, Brandon</p> <p>2006-06-01</p> <p>Although implicit in the discovery of the Schwarzschild solution 40 years earlier, the issues raised by the theory of what are now known as black holes were so unsettling to physicists of Einstein's generation that the subject remained in a state of semiclandestine gestation until his demise. That turning point — just half a <span class="hlt">century</span> after Einstein's original foundation of <span class="hlt">relativity</span> theory, and just half a <span class="hlt">century</span> ago today — can be considered to mark the birth of black hole theory as a subject of systematic development by physicists of a new and less inhibited generation, whose enthusastic investigations have revealed structures of unforeseen mathematical beauty, even though questions about the physical significance of the concomitant singularities remain controversial.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014ClDy...42.1405S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014ClDy...42.1405S"><span>Estimates of twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> sea-level changes for Norway</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Simpson, Matthew J. R.; Breili, Kristian; Kierulf, Halfdan P.</p> <p>2014-03-01</p> <p>In this work we establish a framework for estimating future regional sea-level changes for Norway. Following recently published works, we consider how different physical processes drive non-uniform sea-level changes by accounting for spatial variations in (1) ocean density and circulation (2) ice and ocean mass changes and associated gravitational effects on sea level and (3) vertical land motion arising from past surface loading change and associated gravitational effects on sea level. An important component of past and present sea-level change in Norway is glacial isostatic adjustment. Central to our study, therefore, is a reassessment of vertical land motion using a far larger set of new observations from a permanent GNSS network. Our twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> sea-level estimates are split into two parts. Firstly, we show regional projections largely based on findings from the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR4) and dependent on the emission scenarios A2, A1B and B1. These indicate that twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> <span class="hlt">relative</span> sea-level changes in Norway will vary between -0.2 to 0.3 m (1-sigma ± 0.13 m). Secondly, we explore a high-end scenario, in which a global atmospheric temperature rise of up to 6 °C and emerging collapse for some areas of the Antarctic ice sheets are assumed. Using this approach twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> <span class="hlt">relative</span> sea-level changes in Norway are found to vary between 0.25 and 0.85 m (min/max ± 0.45 m). We attach no likelihood to any of our projections owing to the lack of understanding of some of the processes that cause sea-level change.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=jarvis+s&id=ED457325','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=jarvis+s&id=ED457325"><span>Twentieth <span class="hlt">Century</span> Thinkers in Adult & Continuing Education. Second Edition.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Jarvis, Peter, Ed.</p> <p></p> <p>This book contains 19 papers on 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> thinkers in adult and continuing education. The book is arranged in four parts as follows: early 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> English thinkers; early 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> American thinkers; theorists of adult and continuing education; and theorists of adult education and social change. The following papers are included:…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2808109','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2808109"><span>The <span class="hlt">Relation</span> of Parental Guilt Induction to Child <span class="hlt">Internalizing</span> Problems When a Caregiver Has a History of Depression</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Rakow, Aaron; McKee, Laura; Coffelt, Nicole; Champion, Jennifer; Fear, Jessica; Compas, Bruce</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p>The purpose of this study was to examine the <span class="hlt">relation</span> between parental guilt induction and child <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems in families where a caregiver had experienced depression. A total of 107 families, including 146 children (age 9–15), participated. Child-reported parental guilt induction, as well as three more traditionally studied parenting behaviors (warmth/involvement, monitoring, and discipline), were assessed, as was parent-report of child <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problem behavior. Linear Mixed Models Analysis indicated parental guilt induction was positively <span class="hlt">related</span> to child <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> problems in the context of the remaining three parenting behaviors. Implications of the findings for prevention and intervention parenting programs are considered. PMID:20090863</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22882504','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22882504"><span>Unmasking the predicament of cultural voyeurism: a postcolonial analysis of <span class="hlt">international</span> nursing placements.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Racine, Louise; Perron, Amélie</p> <p>2012-09-01</p> <p>The growing interest in <span class="hlt">international</span> nursing placements cannot be left unnoticed. After 11 years into this twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span>, violations of human rights and freedom of speech, environmental disasters, and armed conflicts still create dire living conditions for men and women around the world. Nurses have an ethical duty to address issues of social justice and global health as a means to fulfil nursing's social mandate. However, <span class="hlt">international</span> placements raise some concerns. Drawing on the works of postcolonial theorists in nursing and social sciences, we examine the risk of replicating colonialist practices and discourses of health in <span class="hlt">international</span> clinical placements. Referring to Bakhtin's notions of dialogism and unfinalizability, we envision a culturally safe nursing practice arising from dialogical encounters between the Self as an Other and with the Other as an Other. We suggest that exploring the intricacies of cultural and race <span class="hlt">relations</span> in everyday nursing practice are the premises upon which nurses can understand the broader historic, racial, gendered, political and economic contexts of global health issues. Finally, we make suggestions for developing culturally safe learning opportunities at the <span class="hlt">international</span> level without minimizing the impact of dialogical cultural encounters occurring at the local and community levels. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28266031','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28266031"><span>Climate change may restrict dryland forest regeneration in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Petrie, M D; Bradford, J B; Hubbard, R M; Lauenroth, W K; Andrews, C M; Schlaepfer, D R</p> <p>2017-06-01</p> <p>The persistence and geographic expansion of dryland forests in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> will be influenced by how climate change supports the demographic processes associated with tree regeneration. Yet, the way that climate change may alter regeneration is unclear. We developed a quantitative framework that estimates forest regeneration potential (RP) as a function of key environmental conditions for ponderosa pine, a key dryland forest species. We integrated meteorological data and climate projections for 47 ponderosa pine forest sites across the western United States, and evaluated RP using an ecosystem water balance model. Our primary goal was to contrast conditions supporting regeneration among historical, mid-21st <span class="hlt">century</span> and late-21st <span class="hlt">century</span> time frames. Future climatic conditions supported 50% higher RP in 2020-2059 <span class="hlt">relative</span> to 1910-2014. As temperatures increased more substantially in 2060-2099, seedling survival decreased, RP declined by 50%, and the frequency of years with very low RP increased from 25% to 58%. Thus, climate change may initially support higher RP and increase the likelihood of successful regeneration events, yet will ultimately reduce average RP and the frequency of years with moderate climate support of regeneration. Our results suggest that climate change alone may begin to restrict the persistence and expansion of dryland forests by limiting seedling survival in the late 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. © 2017 by the Ecological Society of America.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70188568','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70188568"><span>Climate change may restrict dryland forest regeneration in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Petrie, M.D.; Bradford, John B.; Hubbard, R.M.; Lauenroth, W.K.; Andrews, Caitlin; Schlaepfer, D.R.</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>The persistence and geographic expansion of dryland forests in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> will be influenced by how climate change supports the demographic processes associated with tree regeneration. Yet, the way that climate change may alter regeneration is unclear. We developed a quantitative framework that estimates forest regeneration potential (RP) as a function of key environmental conditions for ponderosa pine, a key dryland forest species. We integrated meteorological data and climate projections for 47 ponderosa pine forest sites across the western United States, and evaluated RP using an ecosystem water balance model. Our primary goal was to contrast conditions supporting regeneration among historical, mid-21st <span class="hlt">century</span> and late-21st <span class="hlt">century</span> time frames. Future climatic conditions supported 50% higher RP in 2020–2059 <span class="hlt">relative</span> to 1910–2014. As temperatures increased more substantially in 2060–2099, seedling survival decreased, RP declined by 50%, and the frequency of years with very low RP increased from 25% to 58%. Thus, climate change may initially support higher RP and increase the likelihood of successful regeneration events, yet will ultimately reduce average RP and the frequency of years with moderate climate support of regeneration. Our results suggest that climate change alone may begin to restrict the persistence and expansion of dryland forests by limiting seedling survival in the late 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=centralized+AND+network&pg=2&id=EJ300072','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=centralized+AND+network&pg=2&id=EJ300072"><span><span class="hlt">International</span> Access to Bibliographic Data: MARC and MARC-<span class="hlt">Related</span> Activities.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Hopkinson, Alan</p> <p>1984-01-01</p> <p>This review of <span class="hlt">international</span> information exchange formats focuses on the <span class="hlt">international</span> standard ISO 2709 and MARC formats, "UNISIST Reference Manual," UNIMARC (Universal MARC format), the Common Communications Format, centralized network formats (<span class="hlt">International</span> Serials Data System, MINISIS, regional), <span class="hlt">International</span> MARC network study…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=storytelling+AND+research+AND+paper&pg=4&id=EJ1027783','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=storytelling+AND+research+AND+paper&pg=4&id=EJ1027783"><span>Re-Thinking Global Citizenship in Higher Education: From Cosmopolitanism and <span class="hlt">International</span> Mobility to Cosmopolitanisation, Resilience and Resilient Thinking</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Caruana, Viv</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>Developing graduates as global citizens is a central aim of the internationalised university of the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. <span class="hlt">International</span> student mobility premised on notions of cosmopolitanism is regarded as a key component of the student learning experience. Yet there is little evidence to suggest the benefits of <span class="hlt">international</span> mobility for intercultural…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28592810','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28592810"><span>Historical and Projected Surface Temperature over India during the 20th and 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Basha, Ghouse; Kishore, P; Ratnam, M Venkat; Jayaraman, A; Agha Kouchak, Amir; Ouarda, Taha B M J; Velicogna, Isabella</p> <p>2017-06-07</p> <p>Surface Temperature (ST) over India has increased by ~0.055 K/decade during 1860-2005 and follows the global warming trend. Here, the natural and external forcings (e.g., natural and anthropogenic) responsible for ST variability are studied from Coupled Model Inter-comparison phase 5 (CMIP5) models during the 20 th <span class="hlt">century</span> and projections during the 21 st <span class="hlt">century</span> along with seasonal variability. Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and Land Use (LU) are the major factors that gave rise to warming during the 20 th <span class="hlt">century</span>. Anthropogenic Aerosols (AA) have slowed down the warming rate. The CMIP5 projection over India shows a sharp increase in ST under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 8.5 where it reaches a maximum of 5 K by the end of the 21 st <span class="hlt">century</span>. Under RCP2.6 emission scenarios, ST increases up to the year 2050 and decreases afterwards. The seasonal variability of ST during the 21 st <span class="hlt">century</span> shows significant increase during summer. Analysis of rare heat and cold events for 2080-2099 <span class="hlt">relative</span> to a base period of 1986-2006 under RCP8.5 scenarios reveals that both are likely to increase substantially. However, by controlling the regional AA and LU change in India, a reduction in further warming over India region might be achieved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=286946','TEKTRAN'); return false;" href="http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=286946"><span>Proceedings of the first <span class="hlt">international</span> symposium on wild <span class="hlt">relatives</span> of subtropical and temperate fruit and nut crops</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/find-a-publication/">USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>The first <span class="hlt">International</span> Symposium on Wild <span class="hlt">Relatives</span> of Subtropical and Temperate Fruit and Nut Crops offered a platform for the scientists and others concerned with conservation, management, and sustainable utilization of wild <span class="hlt">relatives</span> of subtropical and temperate fruit and nut crops. Wild <span class="hlt">relative</span>...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29089592','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29089592"><span>Indian Ocean corals reveal crucial role of World War II bias for twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> warming estimates.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Pfeiffer, M; Zinke, J; Dullo, W-C; Garbe-Schönberg, D; Latif, M; Weber, M E</p> <p>2017-10-31</p> <p>The western Indian Ocean has been warming faster than any other tropical ocean during the 20 th <span class="hlt">century</span>, and is the largest contributor to the global mean sea surface temperature (SST) rise. However, the temporal pattern of Indian Ocean warming is poorly constrained and depends on the historical SST product. As all SST products are derived from the <span class="hlt">International</span> Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere dataset (ICOADS), it is challenging to evaluate which product is superior. Here, we present a new, independent SST reconstruction from a set of Porites coral geochemical records from the western Indian Ocean. Our coral reconstruction shows that the World War II bias in the historical sea surface temperature record is the main reason for the differences between the SST products, and affects western Indian Ocean and global mean temperature trends. The 20 th <span class="hlt">century</span> Indian Ocean warming pattern portrayed by the corals is consistent with the SST product from the Hadley Centre (HadSST3), and suggests that the latter should be used in climate studies that include Indian Ocean SSTs. Our data shows that multi-core coral temperature reconstructions help to evaluate the SST products. Proxy records can provide estimates of 20 th <span class="hlt">century</span> SST that are truly independent from the ICOADS data base.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED530031.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED530031.pdf"><span>The <span class="hlt">Century</span> of Education. CEE DP 109</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Morrisson, Christian; Murtin, Fabrice</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p>Global economic transformations have never been as dramatic as in the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span>. Most countries have experienced radical changes in the standards of income per capita, technology, fertility, mortality, income inequality and the extent of democracy in the course of the past <span class="hlt">century</span>. It is the goal of many disciplines--economics, history,…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519498.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519498.pdf"><span>21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Map: World Languages</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2011</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>This 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills Map is the result of hundreds of hours of research, development and feedback from educators and business leaders across the nation. The Partnership for 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills has issued this map for the core subject of World Languages. [Funding for this paper was provided by EF Education.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17638481','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17638481"><span>The <span class="hlt">relations</span> of parental autonomy support to cultural <span class="hlt">internalization</span> and well-being of immigrants and sojourners.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Downie, Michelle; Chua, Sook Ning; Koestner, Richard; Barrios, Maria-Fernanda; Rip, Blanka; M'Birkou, Sawsan</p> <p>2007-07-01</p> <p>Previous research has demonstrated that autonomy support is one particularly effective means of promoting <span class="hlt">internalization</span> and fostering well-being. The present study sought to determine if this would also be the case with regards to culture by testing the <span class="hlt">relation</span> of perceived parental autonomy support to the cultural <span class="hlt">internalization</span> and well-being of multicultural students. In Study 1, 105 multicultural participants living in Canada were more likely to have fully <span class="hlt">internalized</span> their host and heritage cultures and to have higher self-reported well-being when they reported that their parents were autonomy supportive. In Study 2, 125 Chinese-Malaysians sojourners were also more likely to have fully <span class="hlt">internalized</span> their heritage culture and indicated higher well-being when they perceived their parents as autonomy supportive. In both studies, heritage cultural <span class="hlt">internalization</span> was also associated with higher well-being. Copyright 2007 APA</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20000105930','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20000105930"><span>Sixth <span class="hlt">International</span> Conference on Squeezed States and Uncertainty <span class="hlt">Relations</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Han, D. (Editor); Kim, Y. S. (Editor); Solimento, S. (Editor)</p> <p>2000-01-01</p> <p>These proceedings contain contributions from about 200 participants to the 6th <span class="hlt">International</span> Conference on Squeezed States and Uncertainty <span class="hlt">Relations</span> (ICSSUR'99) held in Naples May 24-29, 1999, and organized jointly by the University of Naples "Federico II," the University of Maryland at College Park, and the Lebedev Institute, Moscow. This was the sixth of a series of very successful meetings started in 1990 at the College Park Campus of the University of Maryland. The other meetings in the series were held in Moscow (1992), Baltimore (1993), Taiyuan P.R.C. (1995) and Balatonfuered, Hungary (1997). The present one was held at the campus Monte Sant'Angelo of the University "Federico II" of Naples. The meeting sought to provide a forum for updating and reviewing a wide range of quantum optics disciplines, including device developments and applications, and <span class="hlt">related</span> areas of quantum measurements and quantum noise. Over the years, the ICSSUR Conference evolved from a meeting on quantum measurement sector of quantum optics, to a wide range of quantum optics themes, including multifacet aspects of generation, measurement, and applications of nonclassical light (squeezed and Schrodinger cat radiation fields, etc.), and encompassing several <span class="hlt">related</span> areas, ranging from quantum measurement to quantum noise. ICSSUR'99 brought together about 250 people active in the field of quantum optics, with special emphasis on nonclassical light sources and <span class="hlt">related</span> areas. The Conference was organized in 8 Sections: Squeezed states and uncertainty <span class="hlt">relations</span>; Harmonic oscillators and squeeze transformations; Methods of quantum interference and correlations; Quantum measurements; Generation and characterisation of non-classical light; Quantum noise; Quantum communication and information; and Quantum-like systems.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5767918','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5767918"><span>Telenursing: Bioinformation Cornerstone in Healthcare for the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Balenton, Nicole; Chiappelli, Francesco</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>Bioinformation is at the very core of 21st-<span class="hlt">century</span> healthcare. Telehealth consists of the range of healthcare-<span class="hlt">related</span> services delivered through bioinformation-aided telecommunications across health-<span class="hlt">related</span> disciplines, including nursing. Whereas it is clear that bedside patient-centered nursing can never be replaced, recent developments in bioinformation-aided telenursing will undoubtedly contribute to improving healthcare effectiveness and efficacy. Current trends show that as telenursing becomes increasingly timely and critical, healthcare professionals adopt new and improved evidence-based practices as a standard for patient care worldwide. PMID:29379260</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-12-18/pdf/2012-30512.pdf','FEDREG'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-12-18/pdf/2012-30512.pdf"><span>77 FR 74798 - Awards for Information <span class="hlt">Relating</span> To Detecting Underpayments of Tax or Violations of the <span class="hlt">Internal</span>...</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collection.action?collectionCode=FR">Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014</a></p> <p></p> <p>2012-12-18</p> <p>... Awards for Information <span class="hlt">Relating</span> To Detecting Underpayments of Tax or Violations of the <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Revenue... regarding underpayments of tax or violations of the <span class="hlt">internal</span> revenue laws and filing claims for award, as...). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background Section 406 of the Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006, Public Law 109...</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li class="active"><span>23</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>25</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_23 --> <div id="page_24" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li class="active"><span>24</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>25</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="461"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17850595','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17850595"><span>Rudbeck's complaint: a 17th-<span class="hlt">century</span> Latin letter <span class="hlt">relating</span> to basic immunology.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Ambrose, C T</p> <p>2007-10-01</p> <p>Basic immunology can be said to have its origin in the mid-17th-<span class="hlt">century</span> with the discovery of the peripheral lymphatics. They completed the gross anatomical picture of the lymphatic system, which is the basis for much of the immune response. Their recognition almost simultaneously by two Scandinavian anatomists led to a protracted war of words over priority of discovery, pitting a young Swedish medical student (Olof Rudbeck) against an honored Danish anatomy professor (Thomas Bartholin). In a 752-word letter in Latin, Rudbeck charged Bartholin with pre-dating a key observation, thereby giving priority of discovery to the latter. The purpose of this paper is to provide an English translation of this accusatory letter. It is a notable document in basic immunology, for it cites much of the knowledge then current in the field. And by raising the issue of priority, the letter indirectly piqued the interest of the scientific community in the lymphatic system and hastened its study. Examining the system's various functions in health and disease led to this new discipline.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5916855','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5916855"><span><span class="hlt">Relative</span> age effects in <span class="hlt">international</span> age group championships: A study of Spanish track and field athletes</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Martínez-Valencia, María Asunción; Müller, Lisa; Andronikos, Georgios; Martindale, Russell J. J.</p> <p>2018-01-01</p> <p>The <span class="hlt">relative</span> age effect is a well-researched phenomenon, however there is still a dearth of understanding in track and field and female sport. This study investigated the role of <span class="hlt">relative</span> age on selection for <span class="hlt">international</span> competition of Spanish age group athletes between 2006–2014. Six hundred and forty two athletes competed for Spain at U20 or U18 age group <span class="hlt">international</span> competition (n = 359 males; 283 females) across 9 years. The birthdates of these athletes were compared against the population of registered athletes at that time (14,502 males; 10,096 females). The results highlighted the influential role of <span class="hlt">relative</span> age on selection to these opportunities. In line with previous research, this effect was mediated by age and gender, with stronger effects for both males and younger athletes (U18). The data best supported the ‘maturation-selection’ hypothesis as a mechanism for RAEs. These results highlight the need to carefully consider the role and need for <span class="hlt">international</span> competitive opportunities at different age groups. A number of possible context relevant solutions are discussed, including correction adjustments techniques and competition structure within track and field. PMID:29689117</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21176195','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21176195"><span>The xenotropic murine leukemia virus-<span class="hlt">related</span> retrovirus debate continues at first <span class="hlt">international</span> workshop.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Stoye, Jonathan P; Silverman, Robert H; Boucher, Charles A; Le Grice, Stuart F J</p> <p>2010-12-22</p> <p>The 1st <span class="hlt">International</span> Workshop on Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-<span class="hlt">Related</span> Retrovirus (XMRV), co-sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, The Department of Health and Human Services and Abbott Diagnostics, was convened on September 7/8, 2010 on the NIH campus, Bethesda, MD. Attracting an <span class="hlt">international</span> audience of over 200 participants, the 2-day event combined a series of plenary talks with updates on different aspects of XMRV research, addressing basic gammaretrovirus biology, host response, association of XMRV with chronic fatigue syndrome and prostate cancer, assay development and epidemiology. The current status of XMRV research, concerns among the scientific community and suggestions for future actions are summarized in this meeting report.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=ST&id=EJ1143173','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=ST&id=EJ1143173"><span>Looking Inward to 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Pedagogy</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Doerksen, Rose</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>Through the lens of a student, this Note from the Field responds to a historical research project which engages pre-service teachers in critical citizenship and social imagination. Looking inward facilitates a personal learning experience of identity that is applied to learning in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. When 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> pre-service teacher education…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11636891','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11636891"><span>[Medical and pharmaceutical association in Spain in the second half of the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span>].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Arroyo Medina, P</p> <p>1997-01-01</p> <p>It was happened a increase of the medical and pharmaceutical association, in the middle of XIX <span class="hlt">Century</span>. This policy was not new, but now it has an different significance. The new sanitary corporation will be developed around a bourgeoisie. Dea: the professional attitude of its members. And its aim will be articulate the affairs of these class. They become one off the elements of the Liberal State. They are identified with theirs <span class="hlt">internal</span> aims, that speak about the professional and scientific problems of these class.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20977154','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20977154"><span>Preventive measures and treatments for cholera in the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span> in Ottoman archive documents.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Erer, Sezer; Erdemir, Aysegul Demirhan</p> <p>2010-06-01</p> <p>Cholera spread all over the world starting from India and made major outbreaks. Cholera, a highly effective disease, also had been a pioneer effect on taking health measures worldwide.The first <span class="hlt">international</span> health organization and health conferences organized in different countries to determine preventive measures and treatments for cholera. In this article, preventive measures and treatments for cholera in the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span> in the Ottoman period were analyzed according to Republic of Turkey Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives and compared with the current methods.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19960024989','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19960024989"><span>Fourth <span class="hlt">International</span> Conference on Squeezed States and Uncertainty <span class="hlt">Relations</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Han, D. (Editor); Peng, Kunchi (Editor); Kim, Y. S. (Editor); Manko, V. I. (Editor)</p> <p>1996-01-01</p> <p>The fourth <span class="hlt">International</span> Conference on Squeezed States and Uncertainty <span class="hlt">Relations</span> was held at Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, on June 5 - 9, 1995. This conference was jointly organized by Shanxi University, the University of Maryland (U.S.A.), and the Lebedev Physical Institute (Russia). The first meeting of this series was called the Workshop on Squeezed States and Uncertainty <span class="hlt">Relations</span>, and was held in 1991 at College Park, Maryland. The second and third meetings in this series were hosted in 1992 by the Lebedev Institute in Moscow, and in 1993 by the University of Maryland Baltimore County, respectively. The scientific purpose of this series was initially to discuss squeezed states of light, but in recent years, the scope is becoming broad enough to include studies of uncertainty <span class="hlt">relations</span> and squeeze transformations in all branches of physics, including, of course, quantum optics and foundations of quantum mechanics. Quantum optics will continue playing the pivotal role in the future, but the future meetings will include all branches of physics where squeeze transformations are basic transformation. This transition took place at the fourth meeting of this series held at Shanxi University in 1995. The fifth meeting in this series will be held in Budapest (Hungary) in 1997, and the principal organizer will be Jozsef Janszky of the Laboratory of Crystal Physics, P.O. Box 132, H-1052. Budapest, Hungary.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10327714','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10327714"><span>Food safety in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Käferstein, F; Abdussalam, M</p> <p>1999-01-01</p> <p>The global importance of food safety is not fully appreciated by many public health authorities despite a constant increase in the prevalence of foodborne illness. Numerous devastating outbreaks of salmonellosis, cholera, enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli infections, hepatitis A and other diseases have occurred in both industrialized and developing countries. In addition, many of the re-emerging or newly recognized pathogens are foodborne or have the potential of being transmitted by food and/or drinking water. More foodborne pathogens can be expected because of changing production methods, processes, practices and habits. During the early 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>, foodborne diseases can be expected to increase, especially in developing countries, in part because of environmental and demographic changes. These vary from climatic changes, changes in microbial and other ecological systems, to decreasing freshwater supplies. However, an even greater challenge to food safety will come from changes resulting directly in degradation of sanitation and the immediate human environment. These include the increased age of human populations, unplanned urbanization and migration and mass production of food due to population growth and changed food habits. Mass tourism and the huge <span class="hlt">international</span> trade in food and feed is causing food and feedborne pathogens to spread transnationally. As new toxic agents are identified and new toxic effects recognized, the health and trade consequences of toxic chemicals in food will also have global implications. Meeting the huge challenge of food safety in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> will require the application of new methods to identify, monitor and assess foodborne hazards. Both traditional and new technologies for assuring food safety should be improved and fully exploited. This needs to be done through legislative measures where suitable, but with much greater reliance on voluntary compliance and education of consumers and professional food handlers. This will</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2557642','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2557642"><span>Food safety in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Käferstein, F.; Abdussalam, M.</p> <p>1999-01-01</p> <p>The global importance of food safety is not fully appreciated by many public health authorities despite a constant increase in the prevalence of foodborne illness. Numerous devastating outbreaks of salmonellosis, cholera, enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli infections, hepatitis A and other diseases have occurred in both industrialized and developing countries. In addition, many of the re-emerging or newly recognized pathogens are foodborne or have the potential of being transmitted by food and/or drinking water. More foodborne pathogens can be expected because of changing production methods, processes, practices and habits. During the early 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>, foodborne diseases can be expected to increase, especially in developing countries, in part because of environmental and demographic changes. These vary from climatic changes, changes in microbial and other ecological systems, to decreasing freshwater supplies. However, an even greater challenge to food safety will come from changes resulting directly in degradation of sanitation and the immediate human environment. These include the increased age of human populations, unplanned urbanization and migration and mass production of food due to population growth and changed food habits. Mass tourism and the huge <span class="hlt">international</span> trade in food and feed is causing food and feedborne pathogens to spread transnationally. As new toxic agents are identified and new toxic effects recognized, the health and trade consequences of toxic chemicals in food will also have global implications. Meeting the huge challenge of food safety in the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> will require the application of new methods to identify, monitor and assess foodborne hazards. Both traditional and new technologies for assuring food safety should be improved and fully exploited. This needs to be done through legislative measures where suitable, but with much greater reliance on voluntary compliance and education of consumers and professional food handlers. This will</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12759194','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12759194"><span>Keeping the lid on: a <span class="hlt">century</span> of drug regulation and control.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Spillane, Joseph; McAllister, William B</p> <p>2003-06-05</p> <p>Since the early 1900s, national and <span class="hlt">international</span> drug control legislation has acted as a key site of contention between important societal actors. Physicians and pharmacists, regulators and drug companies, patients and addicts, and researchers and pharmacologists all attempted to influence formulation and interpretation of the rules that regulate access to addicting but medically useful substances. The 1970 Controlled Substances Act (CSA) consolidated and rationalized previous US domestic legislation and paid careful attention to the <span class="hlt">international</span> aspects of the issue. Yet the CSA also incorporated long-standing fundamental disputes about who would act as gatekeepers, what criteria would be employed in regulatory decisions, and the basic goals of drug control legislation. Rather than view the CSA as a beginning or an end, it is better conceived as a major milepost in a <span class="hlt">century</span>-long odyssey of maneuvering among interested parties for advantage in a complex regulatory environment. Instead of providing a definitive authoritative structure to which all parties must adhere, the CSA has served as a vehicle for discernment and continuous renegotiation of essential concepts such as "abuse liability".</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=ORGANIZATIONS+AND+INTERNATIONAL+AND+GOVERNMENTAL&pg=4&id=EJ427141','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=ORGANIZATIONS+AND+INTERNATIONAL+AND+GOVERNMENTAL&pg=4&id=EJ427141"><span>Management of Child Abuse and Neglect at the <span class="hlt">International</span> Level: Trends and Perspectives.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Doek, Jaap E.</p> <p>1991-01-01</p> <p>This paper outlines developments in child protection from an <span class="hlt">international</span> point of view and offers a perspective into the twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span>. The paper focuses on management of intrafamilial child maltreatment (identification, treatment, government intervention, primary prevention); and management of extrafamilial child maltreatment through…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19970037587','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19970037587"><span>Progress Toward Meeting the Propulsion Technology Challenges for a 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> High-Speed Civil Transport</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Shaw, Robert J.; Koops, Leigh; Hines, Richard</p> <p>1997-01-01</p> <p>Ongoing NASA-funded and privately funded studies continue to indicate that an opportunity exists for a second generation supersonic commercial airliner, or High-Speed Civil Transport (HSCT), to become a key part of the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> <span class="hlt">international</span> air transportation system. Long distance air travel is projected to increase at about 5 percent per annum over the next two decades. This projection suggests that by the year 2015, more than 600,000 passengers per day will be traveling long distances, predominantly over water. These routes would be among the most desirable for an HSCT as part of the <span class="hlt">international</span> air transportation system. Beyond the year 2000, this portion of the air transportation market is projected to be the fastest growing segment.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1097421.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1097421.pdf"><span>Examining the Efficacy of Project-Based Learning on Cultivating the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Skills among High School Students in a Global Context</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Lin, Chi-Syan; Ma, Jung-Tsan; Kuo, Karen Yi-Chwen; Chou, Chien-Tzu Candace</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>The goal of the study is to explore the opportunities and challenges associated with Project-Based Learning strategy in a global context on the aspects of both fostering learning community of practices and nurturing the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> skills. For collecting empirical data, the study implements and administers an online <span class="hlt">international</span> project-based…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=textbook+AND+market&pg=5&id=EJ1035579','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=textbook+AND+market&pg=5&id=EJ1035579"><span>Classroom Wall Charts and Biblical History: A Study of Educational Technology in Elementary Schools in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Sweden</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Evertsson, Jakob</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>This article considers the emergence of classroom wall charts as a teaching technology in Swedish elementary schools in the late nineteenth and early twentieth <span class="hlt">centuries</span>, using Biblical history teaching as an example. There has been some work done <span class="hlt">internationally</span> on wall charts as an instructional technology, but few studies have looked at their…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21510331','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21510331"><span>Cubans abroad: a gendered case study on <span class="hlt">international</span> migrations.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Núñez-Sarmiento, Marta</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>Cubans who have migrated since the 1990s after living for two decades or more in their country of origin left with an embedded gender ideology that they acquired in a society where gender <span class="hlt">relations</span> were undergoing radical transformations. As a result, Cuban feminization of migrations has its peculiarities. In this context, there are three issues to consider: explaining how gender <span class="hlt">relations</span> attained in Cuba, as part of the overall attitudes gained since childhood, influenced Cuban migrants who have left the island permanently since 1990, introduced uniqueness in their migration processes, and made up a different feminization of migration; identifying the features of Cuban social structure that shaped the gender ideology of Cuban migrants; and producing new knowledge about Cuban <span class="hlt">international</span> migration processes by using a gender perspective and by analyzing the gender <span class="hlt">relations</span> prevailing in the years before the crisis of the 1990s, as well as since the beginning of the twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span>. The first part of this article focuses on gender distinctiveness of recent Cuban migrants, and the second summarizes some traits of the Cuban social structure—mainly referred to female employment—that could explain the gender training of the migrants.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1356880','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1356880"><span>South Africa and the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Power Partnership: Paving the Way to a Clean, Reliable, and Resilient Power System</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p></p> <p>2017-05-09</p> <p>The 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Power Partnership (21CPP) serves as an open, collaborative platform for sharing policy and regulatory best practices in the service of power system transformation. Established in 2012, the 21CPP South Africa Programme is a global initiative that connects South African stakeholders with an <span class="hlt">international</span> community of expertise. This fact sheet details the 21CPP South Africa Programme.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2586786','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2586786"><span>Police deaths in New York and London during the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Kyriacou, D N; Monkkonen, E H; Peek‐Asa, C; Lucke, R E; Labbett, S; Pearlman, K S; Hutson, H R</p> <p>2006-01-01</p> <p>Objectives To describe the incidences and causes of occupational police deaths in New York City in the United States and Greater London in the United Kingdom during the twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span>. To assess the <span class="hlt">relation</span> between overall societal violence and violence directed toward police officers in these metropolitan areas. Design and setting Ecological study of New York and London from 1900 through 1999. Main outcome measures Intentional and unintentional occupational police mortality rates for New York and London were estimated for each decade. The general population homicide rates of both New York and London were assessed for their correlation with their respective intentional occupational police mortality rates. Results During the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, 585 police officers in New York and 160 police officers in London died while participating in law enforcement activities. New York had markedly greater intentional police mortality rates compared to London throughout most of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, but these differences decreased significantly by the end of the <span class="hlt">century</span>. Intentional gunshot wounds comprised 290 police deaths in New York, but only 14 police deaths in London. In New York, gun shot wounds (both intentional and unintentional) accounted for more occupational police deaths (51.6%) than did all other injury mechanisms combined. In London, motor vehicle collision was the most common cause (47.5%) of occupational police death. There were no apparent correlations between the general population homicide rates and intentional police mortality rates in either New York (r2 = 0.05, 95% CI −0.77 to 0.81) or London (r2 = 0.34, 95% CI −0.61 to 0.89). Conclusions During the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, both intentional and unintentional occupational police mortality rates were significantly greater in New York compared to London. These differences are likely from several socioeconomic, cultural, and occupational factors. The declines in police deaths in New York during the latter part of</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=work+AND+design&pg=5&id=EJ1073381','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=work+AND+design&pg=5&id=EJ1073381"><span>Using Shaun Tan's Work to Foster Multiliteracies in 21st-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Classrooms</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Dallacqua, Ashley K.; Kersten, Sara; Rhoades, Mindi</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>This paper explores work in multimodality and design as it <span class="hlt">relates</span> to 21st <span class="hlt">century</span> multiliteracies. After outlining the concept of a multiliteracies pedagogy, this paper describes multimodality and multimodal texts. Moving from the theoretical to the practical, this paper primarily explores selected multimodal works of Shaun Tan and the…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=bourgeoisie&id=EJ780623','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=bourgeoisie&id=EJ780623"><span>Dimensions of Eighteenth-<span class="hlt">Century</span> Educational Thinking in Germany: Rhetoric and Gender Anthropology</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Lohmann, Ingrid; Mayer, Christine</p> <p>2008-01-01</p> <p>The development of pedagogical science in eighteenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> Germany unfolded in close connection with the emergence of the modern bourgeoisie and its emancipation from a still absolutist society. While social and political structures in Britain and France were changed by revolutions, the <span class="hlt">relative</span> weakness of the German bourgeoisie led to the…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15817042','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15817042"><span>The place of the 17th <span class="hlt">century</span> in Jung's encounter with China.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Cambray, Joe</p> <p>2005-04-01</p> <p>After recounting several dreams and <span class="hlt">related</span> alchemical interests of Jung's tied to the 17(th) <span class="hlt">century</span>, a contextualizing look at select scientific and philosophical developments of that <span class="hlt">century</span> is presented. Several precursors of the contemporary debates on the mind/body <span class="hlt">relation</span> are noted, with special reference to the work of Antonio Damasio. This in turn leads to a reconsideration of the work of the 17(th) <span class="hlt">century</span> polymath Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, which Jung read as a major precursor to his formulation of synchronicity (via Leibniz's concept of 'pre-established harmony'). Leibniz was the first philosopher to articulate the mind/body relationship in terms of supervenience, sharing an accord with those contemporary philosophers and scientists who see the mind as being an emergent property of the body-brain. Similarly, these ideas are also consistent with a reformulation of synchronicity in terms of emergence. Tracing Leibniz's interest in China reveals another set of links to Jung and to emergentism. Jung's use of Taoist concepts in developing the synchronicity principle is well known. According to scholars, Leibniz was the first major Western intellect to study the I-Ching, through the assistance of a Jesuit missionary in Beijing, Fr. Joachim Bouvet. Some details of the Leibniz-Bouvet correspondence are discussed here. Despite Helmut Wilhelm's presenting aspects of this correspondence at an Eranos conference, Jung does not appear to have integrated it into his writing on synchronicity--a possible reason for this omission is suggested.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li class="active"><span>24</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>25</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_24 --> <div id="page_25" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li class="active"><span>25</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="481"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=6&id=ED194381','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=6&id=ED194381"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, Results for Conflict, TT Actors, 1966-69, An Inventory of Findings.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents findings on <span class="hlt">international</span> conflict over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their power in analyzing <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph presents a computer printout of data regarding 'topdog' behavior among nations with regard to economic development and…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25123994','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25123994"><span>[The 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> legal framework regarding risk at work and occupational health in Colombia].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Arango-Soler, Juan M; Luna-García, Jairo E; Correa-Moreno, Yerson A; Campos, Adriana C</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>Analyzing the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> Colombian legal framework from the point of view of labor law, social security and public health for identifying concepts regarding occupational health and professional risk and trying to establish convergence and differences between such foci and whether they fulfilled a complementary view. This work involved documentary research by means of thematic categorical analysis of the laws and statutes promulgated in 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> Colombia, considering the main element or entity which should have regulated that <span class="hlt">related</span> to professional risk or occupational health. The development of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span> Colombian legal framework regarding health at work was periodized, revealing the predominance of a view of social law focused on protecting dependent workers' work-<span class="hlt">related</span> risks, as part of a tendency extending to the Colombian Sistema General de Riesgos Laborales. The proposed stages used for organizing the legal framework concerning social security regarding professional risk and occupational health facilitated some important elements being recognized concerning the social, legal and institutional context from which workers' health laws emerged. Tension was noted concerning statutes orientated towards redress and compensation regarding accidents at work and legislation emphasizing prevention.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=outer+AND+space&pg=4&id=EJ229594','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=outer+AND+space&pg=4&id=EJ229594"><span>The Worker's Life in the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Abbott, William L.</p> <p>1979-01-01</p> <p>What will life be like for occupational education graduates in the next <span class="hlt">century</span>? This article offers a provocative look at the life of James Jones, a hypothetical twenty-first-<span class="hlt">century</span> worker whose horizons extend to outer space and inner consciousness. (CT)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1398247','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1398247"><span>21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Power Partnership: September 2016 Fellowship Report</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Reber, Timothy J.; Rambau, Prudence; Mdhluli, Sipho</p> <p></p> <p>This report details the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Power Partnership fellowship from September 2016. This Fellowship is a follow-up to the Technical Audit of Eskom's Medium- and Long-term Modelling Capabilities, conducted by U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in April 2016. The prospect and role of variable renewable energy (vRE) in South Africa poses new modelling-<span class="hlt">related</span> challenges that Eskom is actively working to address by improving the fidelity of PLEXOS LT and ST models.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28413399','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28413399"><span>HSV-1/HSV-2 Infection-<span class="hlt">Related</span> Cancers in Bantu Populations Driving HIV-1 Prevalence in Africa: Tracking the Origin of AIDS at the Onset of the 20th <span class="hlt">Century</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Le Goaster, Jacqueline; Bouree, Patrice; El Sissy, Franck N; Phuong Bui, Florence; Pokossy Epee, Johanna; Rollin, Paul; Tangy, Frédéric; Haenni, Anne-Lise</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>At the onset of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, ancient clinical observations of cancer epidemics in Bantu populations of Sub-Saharan Africa were discovered. They were reported from 1914 to 1960, but remained unexplained. In 1983, in San Francisco, Calif., USA, cancer epidemics were <span class="hlt">related</span> to infections by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) known as AIDS disease. Yet since 1996, it is known that HIV-1 strains are not the only ones involved. In Sub-Saharan Africa, recurrent orobuccal herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and genital recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) appeared many times prior to infection by HIV-1. Data on these ancient medical observations regarding African cancer epidemics can today be referred to as the relationship between the unfortunate immune deficiency of herpes in Bantu populations and HIV-1 viral strains. For <span class="hlt">centuries</span>, the Bantu populations dispersed in forests were living in close proximity to chimpanzees infected by simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and were exposed to SIV contamination which became HIV-1 in human beings. Presently, these unexplained Bantu cancer epidemics can be linked to the viral partnership of HSV-1/HSV-2 to HIV-1 strains. The key issue is now to prevent HSV-1/HSV-2 diseases <span class="hlt">related</span> to HIV-1. An anti-herpes treatment administered early during childhood to Bantu populations will offer a mean of preventing herpes diseases <span class="hlt">related</span> to HIV-1 infection and hence avoid cancer epidemics.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5385453','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5385453"><span>HSV-1/HSV-2 Infection-<span class="hlt">Related</span> Cancers in Bantu Populations Driving HIV-1 Prevalence in Africa: Tracking the Origin of AIDS at the Onset of the 20th <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Le Goaster, Jacqueline; Bouree, Patrice; El Sissy, Franck N.; Phuong Bui, Florence; Pokossy Epee, Johanna; Rollin, Paul; Tangy, Frédéric; Haenni, Anne-Lise</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>Introduction At the onset of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>, ancient clinical observations of cancer epidemics in Bantu populations of Sub-Saharan Africa were discovered. They were reported from 1914 to 1960, but remained unexplained. In 1983, in San Francisco, Calif., USA, cancer epidemics were <span class="hlt">related</span> to infections by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) known as AIDS disease. Yet since 1996, it is known that HIV-1 strains are not the only ones involved. In Sub-Saharan Africa, recurrent orobuccal herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and genital recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) appeared many times prior to infection by HIV-1. Case Reports Data on these ancient medical observations regarding African cancer epidemics can today be referred to as the relationship between the unfortunate immune deficiency of herpes in Bantu populations and HIV-1 viral strains. For <span class="hlt">centuries</span>, the Bantu populations dispersed in forests were living in close proximity to chimpanzees infected by simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and were exposed to SIV contamination which became HIV-1 in human beings. Presently, these unexplained Bantu cancer epidemics can be linked to the viral partnership of HSV-1/HSV-2 to HIV-1 strains. Conclusion The key issue is now to prevent HSV-1/HSV-2 diseases <span class="hlt">related</span> to HIV-1. An anti-herpes treatment administered early during childhood to Bantu populations will offer a mean of preventing herpes diseases <span class="hlt">related</span> to HIV-1 infection and hence avoid cancer epidemics. PMID:28413399</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26159768','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26159768"><span>Child sex and respiratory sinus arrhythmia reactivity as moderators of the <span class="hlt">relation</span> between <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms and aggression.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Aults, Christopher D; Cooper, Patrick J; Pauletti, Rachel E; Jones, Nancy Aaron; Perry, David G</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>Previous studies have examined sex differences in physiological responding, including respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) reactivity in response to changing stimulus conditions involving situation specific or gender <span class="hlt">related</span> cues, in children and adolescents. The present study examined whether RSA reactivity moderates the <span class="hlt">relation</span> between aggression and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms and whether there are sex differences in this effect. Participants were 82 adolescents (M age = 12.1 years; 44 girls) from the general middle-school population. Peer nominations assessed aggression and <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms, and RSA reactivity (defined as change in RSA from baseline to task) was recorded while participants anticipated and responded to an 85 dB signaled white-noise burst. For girls, <span class="hlt">internalizing</span> symptoms were associated with aggression only if girls showed low RSA reactivity from baseline to task; there was no effect for boys. This association was absent when girls showed high RSA reactivity. Thus, child sex appears to influence not only levels of physiological responding but also <span class="hlt">relations</span> of physiological responding to comorbidity of adjustment problems.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2567702','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2567702"><span>Global governance, <span class="hlt">international</span> health law and WHO: looking towards the future.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Taylor, Allyn L.</p> <p>2002-01-01</p> <p>The evolving domain of <span class="hlt">international</span> health law encompasses increasingly diverse and complex concerns. Commentators agree that health development in the twenty-first <span class="hlt">century</span> is likely to expand the use of conventional <span class="hlt">international</span> law to create a framework for coordination and cooperation among states in an increasingly interdependent world. This article examines the forces and factors behind the emerging expansion of conventional <span class="hlt">international</span> health law as an important tool for present and future multilateral cooperation. It considers challenges to effective <span class="hlt">international</span> health cooperation posed for intergovernmental organizations and other actors involved in lawmaking. Although full consolidation of all aspects of future <span class="hlt">international</span> health lawmaking under the auspices of a single <span class="hlt">international</span> organization is unworkable and undesirable, the World Health Organization (WHO) should endeavour to serve as a coordinator, catalyst and, where appropriate, platform for future health law codification. Such leadership by WHO could enhance coordination, coherence and implementation of <span class="hlt">international</span> health law policy. PMID:12571727</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2010-title26-vol18/pdf/CFR-2010-title26-vol18-sec301-6104a-3.pdf','CFR'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2010-title26-vol18/pdf/CFR-2010-title26-vol18-sec301-6104a-3.pdf"><span>26 CFR 301.6104(a)-3 - Public inspection of <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Revenue Service letters and documents <span class="hlt">relating</span> to pension and other...</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collectionCfr.action?selectedYearFrom=2010&page.go=Go">Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR</a></p> <p></p> <p>2010-04-01</p> <p>... letters and documents <span class="hlt">relating</span> to pension and other plans. 301.6104(a)-3 Section 301.6104(a)-3 <span class="hlt">Internal</span>... of <span class="hlt">Internal</span> Revenue Service letters and documents <span class="hlt">relating</span> to pension and other plans. (a) In general... qualification of a pension, profit-sharing or stock bonus plan under section 401(a), an annuity plan under...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=south+AND+china+AND+sea&id=ED433289','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=south+AND+china+AND+sea&id=ED433289"><span>Understanding China in the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span>: Political, Economic, and Security Issues in the Asia/Pacific Region. Part I, U.S. and Japanese <span class="hlt">Relations</span> with China: Case Studies of Cooperation and Competition.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Mukai, Gary; Moore, Carey; Young, Jocelyn; Cheng, Amy; Fairbrother, Greg</p> <p></p> <p>This curriculum unit is part one of a three-part series. The unit introduces students to policy options for U.S. and Japanese <span class="hlt">relations</span> with China at the beginning of the 21st <span class="hlt">century</span>. By identifying and examining these options, students gain an awareness of U.S., Japanese, and Chinese perspectives on political, economic, and security issues.…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20040001042','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20040001042"><span>Revolutionary Propulsion Systems for 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Aviation</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Sehra, Arun K.; Shin, Jaiwon</p> <p>2003-01-01</p> <p>The air transportation for the new millennium will require revolutionary solutions to meeting public demand for improving safety, reliability, environmental compatibility, and affordability. NASA's vision for 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span> Aircraft is to develop propulsion systems that are intelligent, virtually inaudible (outside the airport boundaries), and have near zero harmful emissions (CO2 and Knox). This vision includes intelligent engines that will be capable of adapting to changing <span class="hlt">internal</span> and external conditions to optimally accomplish the mission with minimal human intervention. The distributed vectored propulsion will replace two to four wing mounted or fuselage mounted engines by a large number of small, mini, or micro engines, and the electric drive propulsion based on fuel cell power will generate electric power, which in turn will drive propulsors to produce the desired thrust. Such a system will completely eliminate the harmful emissions. This paper reviews future propulsion and power concepts that are currently under development at NASA Glenn Research Center.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20672487','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20672487"><span>Poverty, gender and incarceration in sixteenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> Paris.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Broomhall, Susan</p> <p>2004-01-01</p> <p>The experience of prison remains a <span class="hlt">relatively</span> little-studied aspect of late-medieval and early-modern criminalization of the activities of the poor. This study examines how poverty and gender influenced incarceration practices, treatment and release in sixteenth-<span class="hlt">century</span> Paris. A study of the archives of the ecclesiastical gaol at Saint-Germain-des-Prés from 1537 to 1579 suggests that both poverty and gender affected the crimes for which women and men were imprisoned, the length of time they remained in detention and the reasons for their release.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194383','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=7&id=ED194383"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, Results for Conflict, TU Actors, 1966-1969, An Inventory of Findings.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents findings from an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> conflict over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their power in analyzing <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph presents the computer printout of data on the application of discriminant function analysis of…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=6&id=ED194384','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%22political+stability%22&pg=6&id=ED194384"><span>Attributes and National Behavior, Part 2: Modern <span class="hlt">International</span> <span class="hlt">Relations</span> Monograph Series. <span class="hlt">Relative</span> Status-Field Theory, Results for Cooperation, UU Actors, 1966-1969, An Inventory of Findings.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Vincent, Jack E.</p> <p></p> <p>This monograph presents findings from an analysis of data on <span class="hlt">international</span> cooperation over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their power in analyzing <span class="hlt">international</span> <span class="hlt">relations</span>, this monograph presents the computer printout of data on the application of discriminant function analysis…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27878623','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27878623"><span>History of <span class="hlt">internal</span> fixation (part 1): early developments with wires and plates before World War II.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Hernigou, Philippe; Pariat, Jacques</p> <p>2017-06-01</p> <p>Though the date at which an orthopaedic implant was first used cannot be ascertained with any certainty, the fixation of bone fracture using an iron wire was reported for the first time in a French manuscript in 1775. The first techniques of operative fracture treatment were developed at the end of the 18th and in the beginning of the 19th <span class="hlt">centuries</span>. The use of cerclage wires to fix fractures was the most frequent fixation at this time. The French Berenger-Feraud (1832-1900) had written the first book on <span class="hlt">internal</span> fixation. However <span class="hlt">internal</span> fixation of fractures could not become a practical method before Lister had ensured the safety of open reduction and <span class="hlt">internal</span> fixation in the treatment of fractures. Lister is not only the father of asepsis; he also used metal wires to fix even closed fractures. The first <span class="hlt">internal</span> fixation by means of a plate and screws was described by Carl Hansmann in 1858 in Hamburg. Nevertheless, Arbuthnot Lane (1892) and Albin Lambotte (1905) are considered to be the founders of this method, which was further developed by Sherman in the first part of the 20th <span class="hlt">century</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10520502','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10520502"><span>[Origin of animal experimentation legislation in the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span>].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Pocard, M</p> <p>1999-01-01</p> <p>The first legislation in the world, designed to protect animals used in research, was passed in England in 1876, and is still in force today. It is one of the strictest in Europe. At the same period, France had no such law, and was the country conducting the greatest amount of animal experimentation. Comparing, these two countries, in the middle of the 19th <span class="hlt">century</span>, can account for this difference. The most important difference seems to be <span class="hlt">related</span> to the theological question: are animals endowed with a soul? Saint Augustine, claimed, in the 4th <span class="hlt">century</span>, perhaps because of an experiment with the centipede, that animals do not have a soul. In the 17th <span class="hlt">century</span>, René Descartes, using a different philosophical system, reached a similar conclusion, in France. On the other hand, under the influence of Charles Darwin, England rejected the Roman Catholic conclusion, about the soul of animals. The industrial revolution, occurring earlier in England than in France, also changed the society, developing urban areas, where people were cut off from rural life and changing human relationships with animals. The industrial revolution enabled the development of the press, giving impetus to public opinion. These facts, combined with a caution of science, which was more developed in England than in France, brought about the first important "anti-doctor" campaign.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25365189','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25365189"><span>Gender, age, and place of residence as moderators of the <span class="hlt">internalized</span> homophobia-depressive symptoms <span class="hlt">relation</span> among Australian gay men and lesbians.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>McLaren, Suzanne</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Internalized</span> homophobia is a risk factor for depression among gay men and lesbians. The aim of the study was to test whether the <span class="hlt">internalized</span> homophobia-depression <span class="hlt">relation</span> was moderated by gender (stronger among gay men compared with lesbians), age (stronger among younger compared with older gay men and lesbians), and place of residence (stronger among gay men and lesbians who live in rural areas compared with those who live in urban areas). An Australian sample of 311 self-identified gay men and 570 self-identified lesbians, aged 18 to 70 years, completed the <span class="hlt">Internalized</span> Homophobia Scale and the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Results indicated that age and gender did not moderate the <span class="hlt">internalized</span> homophobia-depressive symptoms <span class="hlt">relation</span>. Place of residence was a significant moderator for gay men but not lesbians. In contrast to the hypothesis, the <span class="hlt">internalized</span> homophobia-depression <span class="hlt">relation</span> was significant only among gay men who resided in urban areas. Those who work with gay men should be particularly aware of the significant relationship between <span class="hlt">internalized</span> homophobia and depressive symptoms among gay men who reside in urban areas.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1087555','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1087555"><span>Hans Bethe and Physics in/of the 20th <span class="hlt">Century</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Schweber, Silvan</p> <p>2012-12-12</p> <p>I will present some facets of Hans Bethe’s life to illustrate how I have used biography to narrate certain aspects of the history of twentieth <span class="hlt">century</span> physics. I will focus on post World War II quantum field theory, on the <span class="hlt">relation</span> between solid state/condensed matter physics and high energy physics, and make some observations regarding certain “top down” views in solid state physics in postmodernity.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA625886','DTIC-ST'); return false;" href="http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA625886"><span>Sino-American <span class="hlt">Relations</span> in the 21st <span class="hlt">Century</span>: Taking a Page from the Venezuelan Crisis of 1895</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.dtic.mil/">DTIC Science & Technology</a></p> <p></p> <p>2015-04-13</p> <p>necessarily endorsed by the Joint Forces Staff College or the Department of Defense. This paper is entirely my own work except as documented in...NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR Joseph H. Wenckus Lieutenant Colonel, U.S. Air Force 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT...transition theory applies. This paper posits that there are real similarities between the peaceful Anglo-American power transition of last <span class="hlt">century</span>, and</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013JDSO....9..158G','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013JDSO....9..158G"><span>The Maui <span class="hlt">International</span> Double Star Conference</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Genet, Russell</p> <p>2013-04-01</p> <p>A three-day double star conference in February, 2013, covered double star observations from simple eyepiece astrometry of wide binaries, with orbital periods of <span class="hlt">centuries</span>, to amplitude interferometry of binaries with periods measured in days or even hours. A wide range of participants, from students and amateurs to professionals shared their perspectives in panel discussions. This was the first conference of the newly-formed <span class="hlt">International</span> Association of Double Star Observers (IADSO). PDFs of 22 of the talks and YouTube links to 23 of the talks and panels are available at www.IADSO.org.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li class="active"><span>25</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_25 --> <div class="footer-extlink text-muted" style="margin-bottom:1rem; text-align:center;">Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site.</div> </div><!-- container --> <footer><a id="backToTop" href="#top"> </a><nav><a id="backToTop" href="#top"> </a><ul class="links"><a id="backToTop" href="#top"> </a><li><a id="backToTop" href="#top"></a><a href="/sitemap.html">Site Map</a></li> <li><a href="/members/index.html">Members Only</a></li> <li><a href="/website-policies.html">Website Policies</a></li> <li><a href="https://doe.responsibledisclosure.com/hc/en-us" target="_blank">Vulnerability Disclosure Program</a></li> <li><a href="/contact.html">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> <div class="small">Science.gov is maintained by the U.S. Department of Energy's <a href="https://www.osti.gov/" target="_blank">Office of Scientific and Technical Information</a>, in partnership with <a href="https://www.cendi.gov/" target="_blank">CENDI</a>.</div> </nav> </footer> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- // var lastDiv = ""; function showDiv(divName) { // hide last div if (lastDiv) { document.getElementById(lastDiv).className = "hiddenDiv"; } //if value of the box is not nothing and an object with that name exists, then change the class if (divName && document.getElementById(divName)) { document.getElementById(divName).className = "visibleDiv"; lastDiv = divName; } } //--> </script> <script> /** * Function that tracks a click on an outbound link in Google Analytics. * This function takes a valid URL string as an argument, and uses that URL string * as the event label. */ var trackOutboundLink = function(url,collectionCode) { try { h = window.open(url); setTimeout(function() { ga('send', 'event', 'topic-page-click-through', collectionCode, url); }, 1000); } catch(err){} }; </script> <!-- Google Analytics --> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-1122789-34', 'auto'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> <!-- End Google Analytics --> <script> showDiv('page_1') </script> </body> </html>