Sample records for economic sanctions military

  1. Economic Sanctions, Military Activity, and Road Traffic Crashes in Vojvodina, Serbia

    PubMed Central

    Ðurić, Predrag; Peek-Asa, Corinne

    2008-01-01

    Objectives Political violence has not been examined as a risk factor for traumatic injuries from road traffic crashes. We identify trends in road traffic crashes related to war-related military activity and international economic sanctions in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia. Methods Overall road traffic crashes and crashes leading to hospitalization and fatality in Vojvodina, Serbia were examined from 1996 through 2001. Rates were calculated per 100,000 population and per 10,000 registered vehicles. Three time periods were examined: years with international sanctions and military activity; years with international sanctions but no military activity; and, years with neither sanctions nor military activity. Results Compared to the period with neither sanctions nor military activity, severe injury crashes were 1.23 times more frequent (95% CI = 1.19 – 1.27) during the period with sanctions and military activity and 1.21 times more frequent (95% CI= 1.16 – 1.27) during the period with sanctions but no military activity. Conclusions Our data suggest that vehicle travel became safer following the end of military action and economic sanctions. Road traffic safety needs to be a priority both during periods of political unrest and its recovery phase. PMID:19074242

  2. Assessment of the Effectiveness of Economic Sanctions: The Cases of Iran, North Korea, Myanmar, and Cuba

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-06-01

    Naazneen Barma Second Reader: Emily Meierding THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK i REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704–0188 Public...Unclassified 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF ABSTRACT Unclassified 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT UU NSN 7540–01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2–89...to military force.”7 Hufbauer, Schott, and Elliott emphasize that it is important not to “conflate” economic sanctions with other forms of economic

  3. 31 CFR Appendix A to Part 501 - Economic Sanctions Enforcement Guidelines.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Economic Sanctions Enforcement... REGULATIONS Pt. 501, App. A Appendix A to Part 501—Economic Sanctions Enforcement Guidelines. Note: This appendix provides a general framework for the enforcement of all economic sanctions programs administered...

  4. Economic Sanctions Targeting Yugoslavia - An Effective National Security Strategy Component

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2003-01-22

    withdrawal, of customary trade and financial relations with a target country in an effort to change that country’s policies.2 Policies are defined...primarily by political or military behavior. This excludes sanctions used to open up access to markets or compliance with trade agreements.3 These are...survived the test of time. Even a young United States implemented export sanctions in 1807. Napoleon blockaded trade between the continental Europe and

  5. 31 CFR 501.606 - Reporting and recordkeeping requirements applicable to economic sanctions programs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... requirements applicable to economic sanctions programs. 501.606 Section 501.606 Money and Finance: Treasury... requirements applicable to economic sanctions programs. The reporting and recordkeeping requirements set forth in this subpart are applicable to economic sanctions programs for which implementation and...

  6. 31 CFR 501.606 - Reporting and recordkeeping requirements applicable to economic sanctions programs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... requirements applicable to economic sanctions programs. 501.606 Section 501.606 Money and Finance: Treasury... requirements applicable to economic sanctions programs. The reporting and recordkeeping requirements set forth in this subpart are applicable to economic sanctions programs for which implementation and...

  7. Economic Sanctions and Zimbabwe

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-03-01

    succeed ? The answer is that it depends on the objective(s) of the imposing states, the polity and economy of the target country and the individual(s) of...the country who are making policy decisions. Consequently, economic sanctions can succeed or fail miserably based on the context of their use...political behavior by the target state or individual actors within that state for the purpose of compliance with internationally agreed upon norms

  8. Nonproliferation Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2001-01-01

    some laws may exempt the member government from sanctions-is increasing. But the U.S. role -or potential role -as a trade partner is increasing. Meanwhile...involved U.S. legislation passed after the triggering events. 14 For a discussion of the role of sanctions in the array of foreign policy instruments...contract sanctity and the role of the sanctions in otherwise blocking U.S. military or civilian programs. However, the essence of all the waiver

  9. Predicting Actions Taken to Counter Economic Sanctions: An Examination of U.S. Government Financial Data Collection and Its Usefulness in Determining if Foreign Governments Anticipate Economic Sanctions: A Case Study of Iraq

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1992-12-01

    standing strategic policy instrument used by the United States. While much research has been conducted on the effectiveness of sanctions, little has... effectiveness of sanctions, little has been written on whether governments anticipate economic sanctions and take measures to protect assets held in...SANCTIONS: SUCCESS, EFFECTIVENESS AND FAILURE 43 1. Definition of Success .... ........... .. 43 2. Effectiveness of Sanctions .. ........ .. 44 3. Reasons

  10. 31 CFR 501.808 - License application and other procedures applicable to economic sanctions programs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... procedures applicable to economic sanctions programs. 501.808 Section 501.808 Money and Finance: Treasury... procedures applicable to economic sanctions programs. Upon submission to the Office of Management and Budget..., the license application and other procedures set forth in this subpart are applicable to economic...

  11. The impact of international economic sanctions on Iranian cancer healthcare.

    PubMed

    Shahabi, Shohreh; Fazlalizadeh, Hooman; Stedman, Jennifer; Chuang, Linus; Shariftabrizi, Ahmad; Ram, Regina

    2015-10-01

    In 2012, Iranian's economy collapsed under strain from sanctions instituted to stop Iran from violating the International Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. Sanctions have indirectly led to serious healthcare concerns, specifically cancer treatment. This is the first report to evaluate Iranian cancer healthcare while under international economic sanctions. Data and information were identified by searches of MEDLINE, PubMed, and references from relevant articles using the search terms: "Iran", "health policy", "sanctions", "ethics", and "cancer". Articles published in the English language between 1966 and present were included, based on relevance to sanctions or the specific case of sanctions in Iran. The Program of Action for Cancer Therapy evaluated Iran's National Cancer Control Program (NCCP), reporting it has substantial deficits, including prevention, diagnosis/treatment, palliative care, monitoring, and technology, with a serious drug shortage for cancer care. Sanctions have exemptions for medicines and food, but lead to disruption of health services through complications in transportation, transferring currencies or lack of money. There is increasing evidence that sanctions harm vulnerable populations, while blocking globalization and not creating political or social change quickly. Improvement of Iran's NCCP is not feasible, and the health of cancer patients will continue to decline while the sanctions are in effect. The solution is complex, but a modern and innovative approach to diplomacy, which includes human rights, is necessary. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  12. The effect of economic sanctions on the mortality of Iraqi children prior to the 1991 Persian Gulf War.

    PubMed Central

    Daponte, B O; Garfield, R

    2000-01-01

    OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effect of sanctions on mortality among Iraqi children. METHODS: The effects of economic sanctions on health are not well known. Past studies on the effect of economic sanctions on mortality have suffered from unreliable data sources and the collinearity of sanctions with other negative economic events. We overcame these weaknesses by using individual child records from a retrospective survey of mothers conducted after the 1991 Persian Gulf War to examine the effect of sanctions on mortality among Iraqi children. Multivariate proportional hazards analysis was used to assess the effect of economic sanctions prior to war (from August through December 1990). RESULTS: We found that after controlling for child and maternal characteristics, when economic sanctions were entered into the proportional hazards equation, the risk of dying increased dramatically. This increase was highly significant statistically. CONCLUSIONS: Innovative application of robust epidemiologic research tools can contribute to assessments of health and well-being even under the methodological and practical constraints of comprehensive economic sanctions, but more research is needed. PMID:10754968

  13. Maritime Sanctions Enforcement, More Than Just Boardings

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-05-04

    against Rhodesia from 1965-1976 and Iraq from 1990-2003, is necessary in order to distill the commonalities which define the nature of maritime...members nations to sever economic relations with Rhodesia , refuse its government recognition and assistance, and embargo oil shipments bound for... Rhodesia . In addition to the UN’s sanctions, other newly independent colonies in Asia and Africa began clamoring for military action against Rhodesia

  14. The impact of economic sanctions on health and human rights in Haiti, 1991-1994.

    PubMed Central

    Gibbons, E; Garfield, R

    1999-01-01

    OBJECTIVES: This report examines the impact of an economic embargo from 1991 to 1994 on health, well-being, and human rights in Haiti. METHODS: Data from surveillance systems for nutrition, reportable diseases, and hospital diagnoses were combined with survey data and interviews with affected women, governmental representatives, diplomats, and staff of nongovernmental organizations. RESULTS: Changes included declining income, rising unemployment, poorer nutrition, declining infant mortality, rising mortality among 1- to 4-year-olds, decreased attention to children's well-being and education, and family breakdown. Survival strategies among poor Haitians included changed dietary habits, informal-sector economic activity, moving in with relatives, selling domestic goods, increased informal unions among couples, decreased school attendance, and indentured servitude among children. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of economic sanctions in Haiti resulted in extensive violations of rights; the impact was greatest on the most disadvantaged Haitians. Many Haitian and international supporters of democracy were unaware of the extensive negative impact that sanctions could have. The impact continues now, 5 years after sanctions ended. Modified policies reduced some of the burden of sanctions, and international assistance prevented what otherwise might have become a humanitarian disaster during sanctions. PMID:10511830

  15. Changing views on child mortality and economic sanctions in Iraq: a history of lies, damned lies and statistics

    PubMed Central

    Dyson, Tim; Cetorelli, Valeria

    2017-01-01

    In August 1990, Saddam Hussein’s army invaded Kuwait and consequently the United Nations imposed economic sanctions on Iraq. In 1991, an international military alliance expelled the Iraqi army from Kuwait during a short war. Nevertheless, the economic sanctions remained in place—their removal required that Iraq should destroy its weapons of mass destruction. Subsequent years saw reports of acute suffering in Iraq. The sanctions undoubtedly greatly reduced the country’s ability to import supplies of food and medicine. Particular concerns arose about the state of young children. These concerns crystalised in 1999 when, with cooperation from the Iraqi government, Unicef conducted a major demographic survey. The results of the survey indicated that the under-5 death rate in Iraq had increased hugely between 1990 and 1991 and had then continued at a very high level. The survey results were used both to challenge and support the case for the invasion of Iraq in 2003. And they were cited by Tony Blair in 2010 in his testimony to the Iraq Inquiry established by the British government. Indeed, the results of the 1999 Unicef/Government of Iraq survey are still cited. Since 2003, however, several more surveys dealing with child mortality have been undertaken. Their results show no sign of a huge and enduring rise in the under-5 death rate starting in 1991. It is therefore clear that Saddam Hussein’s government successfully manipulated the 1999 survey in order to convey a very false impression—something that is surely deserving of greater recognition. PMID:29225933

  16. The Impact of War and Economic Sanction on the Incidence of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Serbia

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mladenovich, Derek; Langeggen, Irene

    2009-01-01

    This study compared the distribution of various types of visual impairments among Serbian children who were born prior to the imposed economic sanctions and wars of the 1990s in the former Yugoslavia to that of children who were born during the years of economic sanctions and active war. (Contains 2 tables.)

  17. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-12-07

    resolutions. November 21, 2011: Treasury Department names Iranian financial sector as a jurisdiction of primary money laundering concern. December...imposes sanctions on several key sectors of Iran’s economic infrastructure. For a broader analysis of policy on Iran, see CRS Report RL32048, Iran...1 Energy Sector Sanctions: The Iran

  18. A news media analysis of economic sanction effects on access to medicine in Iran

    PubMed Central

    Kheirandish, Mehrnaz; Rashidian, Arash; Bigdeli, Maryam

    2015-01-01

    Objective: In the past decades economic sanctions have been used by different countries or international organizations in order to deprive target countries of some transactions. While the sanctions do not target health care systems or public health structures, they may, in fact, affect the availability of health care in target countries. In this study, we used media analysis to assess the impacts of recent sanctions imposed by the Central Bank of Iran in 2012 on access to medicines in Iran. Methods: We searched different sources of written news media including a database of nonspecialized weeklies and magazines, online news sources, web pages of daily newspapers and healthcare oriented weeklies from 2011 to 2013. We searched the sources using the general term “medicine” to reduce the chances of missing relevant items. The identified news media were read, and categorized under three groups of items announcing “shortage of medicines,” “medicines related issues” and “no shortage.” We conducted trend analyzes to see whether the news media related to access to medicines were affected by the economic sanctions. Findings: A total number of 371 relevant news media were collected. The number of news media related to medicines substantially increased in the study period: 30 (8%), 161 (43%) and 180 (49%) were published in 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. While 145 (39%) of media items referred to the shortage of medicines, 97 (26%) reported no shortage or alleviating of concerns. Conclusion: Media analysis suggests a clear increase in the number of news media reporting a shortage in Iran after the sanctions. In 2013, there were accompanying increases in the number of news media reporting alleviation of the shortages of medicines. Our analysis provides evidence of negative effects of the sanctions on access to medicines in Iran. PMID:26645026

  19. A news media analysis of economic sanction effects on access to medicine in Iran.

    PubMed

    Kheirandish, Mehrnaz; Rashidian, Arash; Bigdeli, Maryam

    2015-01-01

    In the past decades economic sanctions have been used by different countries or international organizations in order to deprive target countries of some transactions. While the sanctions do not target health care systems or public health structures, they may, in fact, affect the availability of health care in target countries. In this study, we used media analysis to assess the impacts of recent sanctions imposed by the Central Bank of Iran in 2012 on access to medicines in Iran. We searched different sources of written news media including a database of nonspecialized weeklies and magazines, online news sources, web pages of daily newspapers and healthcare oriented weeklies from 2011 to 2013. We searched the sources using the general term "medicine" to reduce the chances of missing relevant items. The identified news media were read, and categorized under three groups of items announcing "shortage of medicines," "medicines related issues" and "no shortage." We conducted trend analyzes to see whether the news media related to access to medicines were affected by the economic sanctions. A total number of 371 relevant news media were collected. The number of news media related to medicines substantially increased in the study period: 30 (8%), 161 (43%) and 180 (49%) were published in 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. While 145 (39%) of media items referred to the shortage of medicines, 97 (26%) reported no shortage or alleviating of concerns. Media analysis suggests a clear increase in the number of news media reporting a shortage in Iran after the sanctions. In 2013, there were accompanying increases in the number of news media reporting alleviation of the shortages of medicines. Our analysis provides evidence of negative effects of the sanctions on access to medicines in Iran.

  20. Assessment of the Effects of Economic Sanctions on Iranians’ Right to Health by Using Human Rights Impact Assessment Tool: A Systematic Review

    PubMed Central

    Kokabisaghi, Fatemeh

    2018-01-01

    Background: Over the years, economic sanctions have contributed to violation of right to health in target countries. Iran has been under comprehensive unilateral economic sanctions by groups of countries (not United Nations [UN]) in recent years. They have been intensified from 2012 because of international community’s uncertainty about peaceful purpose of Iran’s nuclear program and inadequacy of trust-building actions of this country. This review aimed to identify the humanitarian effects of the sanctions on the right of Iranians to health and the obligations of Iran and international community about it. Methods: To assess economic sanction policies and identify violated rights and the obligations of states according to international human rights laws, in this study, Human Rights Impact Assessments (HRIA) tool is used. Applying this tool requires collection of evidences regarding the situation of rights. To provide such evidence, a systematic review of literature which involved 55 papers retrieved from the web-based databases and official webpages of Iran’s government and UN’ health and human rights committees and organizations was done. All articles about the consequences of economic sanctions related to nuclear activities of Iran on welfare and health of Iranians published from January 2012 till February 2017 in English and Persian languages were included. Search terms were economic sanctions, embargoes, Iran, welfare, health and medicine. Additional studies were identified by cross checking the reference lists of accessed articles. All selected papers were abstracted and entered into a matrix describing study design and findings, and categorized into a framework of themes reflecting the areas covered (health and its determinants). According to HRIA framework, related obligations of Iran and other states about adverse effects of the sanctions on Iranians’ right to health were extracted. Results: The sanctions on Iran caused a fall of country

  1. Assessment of the Effects of Economic Sanctions on Iranians' Right to Health by Using Human Rights Impact Assessment Tool: A Systematic Review.

    PubMed

    Kokabisaghi, Fatemeh

    2018-01-20

    Over the years, economic sanctions have contributed to violation of right to health in target countries. Iran has been under comprehensive unilateral economic sanctions by groups of countries (not United Nations [UN]) in recent years. They have been intensified from 2012 because of international community's uncertainty about peaceful purpose of Iran's nuclear program and inadequacy of trust-building actions of this country. This review aimed to identify the humanitarian effects of the sanctions on the right of Iranians to health and the obligations of Iran and international community about it. To assess economic sanction policies and identify violated rights and the obligations of states according to international human rights laws, in this study, Human Rights Impact Assessments (HRIA) tool is used. Applying this tool requires collection of evidences regarding the situation of rights. To provide such evidence, a systematic review of literature which involved 55 papers retrieved from the web-based databases and official webpages of Iran's government and UN' health and human rights committees and organizations was done. All articles about the consequences of economic sanctions related to nuclear activities of Iran on welfare and health of Iranians published from January 2012 till February 2017 in English and Persian languages were included. Search terms were economic sanctions, embargoes, Iran, welfare, health and medicine. Additional studies were identified by cross checking the reference lists of accessed articles. All selected papers were abstracted and entered into a matrix describing study design and findings, and categorized into a framework of themes reflecting the areas covered (health and its determinants). According to HRIA framework, related obligations of Iran and other states about adverse effects of the sanctions on Iranians' right to health were extracted. The sanctions on Iran caused a fall of country's revenues, devaluation of national currency, and

  2. Efficacy of Economic Sanctions: North Korea and Iran Case Study

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-03-08

    rate, as interpreted by Hufbauer, Schott, and Elliot ( HSE ), remained steady at thirty-four percent just as it had been since World War II. The end of...Germany, France, and Great Britain that diffused US economic power. HSE wrote: “The absence of an overriding global security threat made it harder for the...industrial countries to reconcile their different strategies and priorities for using sanctions in regional trouble spots.”8 In 1985 HSE published

  3. Detrimental effects of sanctions on human altruism.

    PubMed

    Fehr, Ernst; Rockenbach, Bettina

    2003-03-13

    The existence of cooperation and social order among genetically unrelated individuals is a fundamental problem in the behavioural sciences. The prevailing approaches in biology and economics view cooperation exclusively as self-interested behaviour--unrelated individuals cooperate only if they face economic rewards or sanctions rendering cooperation a self-interested choice. Whether economic incentives are perceived as just or legitimate does not matter in these theories. Fairness-based altruism is, however, a powerful source of human cooperation. Here we show experimentally that the prevailing self-interest approach has serious shortcomings because it overlooks negative effects of sanctions on human altruism. Sanctions revealing selfish or greedy intentions destroy altruistic cooperation almost completely, whereas sanctions perceived as fair leave altruism intact. These findings challenge proximate and ultimate theories of human cooperation that neglect the distinction between fair and unfair sanctions, and they are probably relevant in all domains in which voluntary compliance matters--in relations between spouses, in the education of children, in business relations and organizations as well as in markets.

  4. Impact of economic sanctions on access to noncommunicable diseases medicines in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

    PubMed

    Kheirandish, Mehrnaz; Varahrami, Vida; Kebriaeezade, Abbas; Cheraghali, Abdol Majid

    2018-04-05

    It has been argued that economic sanctions and the economic crisis have adversely affected access to drugs. To assess the impact of economic sanctions on the Iranian banking system in 2011 and Central Bank in 2012 on access to and use of drugs for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). An interrupted time series study assessed the effects of sanctions on drugs for diabetes (5 drug groups), asthma (5 drug groups), cancer (14 drugs) and multiple sclerosis (2 drugs). We extracted data from national reference databases on the list of drugs on the Iranian pharmaceutical market before 2011 for each selected NCD and their monthly sales. For cancer drugs, we used stratified random sampling by volume and value of sales, and source of supply (domestic or imported). Data were analysed monthly from 2008 to 2013. Market availability of 13 of 26 drugs was significantly reduced. Ten other drugs showed nonsignificant reductions in their market availability. Interferon α2b usage reduced from 0.014 defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) in 2010 to 0.008 in 2013; and cytarabine from 1.40 mg per 1000 population per day in 2010 to 0.96 in 2013. Selective β2-adrenoreceptor agonists usage reduced from 8.4 to 6.8 DID in the same time period. There is strong evidence that sanctions have had a negative effect on access to drugs, particularly those that depended on the import of their raw material or finished products. Copyright © World Health Organization (WHO) 2018. Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).

  5. Economic Conditions of Military Families

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hosek, James; MacDermid Wadsworth, Shelley

    2013-01-01

    In this article, the authors found that the economic circumstances of military families are good, certainly much improved compared with even a decade ago. The military context is nonetheless challenging, with long hours, dangerous work, frequent transfers, and stressful absences during deployment. Service members receive relatively high pay and…

  6. Military Expenditure and Socio-Economic Development.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ball, Nicole

    1983-01-01

    The relationship between military expenditure and the stimulation of aggregate demand, inflation, investment, trade balance, foreign exchange, the improvement of taxation, and employment creation and industrialization in the Third World is analyzed. To some extent military expenditure does promote economic growth, but it does not automatically…

  7. 76 FR 56866 - Bureau of Economic, Energy and Business Affairs; Persons on Whom Sanctions Have Been Imposed...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-14

    ...]leos de Venezuela S.A., Royal Oyster Group, Soci[eacute]t[eacute] Anonyme Mon[eacute]gasque D... International, Petr[oacute]leos de Venezuela S.A., Royal Oyster Group, Speedy Ship, and Tanker Pacific...: Norman Galimba, Office of Terrorism Finance and Economic Sanctions Policy, Department of State, Telephone...

  8. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-05-04

    North Korea Non- Proliferation Act) authorizes sanctions on foreign persons (individuals or corporations , not countries or governments ) that are...intended to reduce the revenue available to Iran’s government and to generate domestic pressure within Iran to adopt policies more acceptable to the...a key Iranian economic vulnerability because Iran’s government revenues are approximately 80% dependent on oil revenues and in need of substantial

  9. The Privatisation of Military Force: Economic Virtues, Vices and Government Responsibility

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1999-01-01

    0 The Privatisation of Military Force: Economic Virtues, Vices and Government Responsibility ERIC FREDLAND Professor. Department of Economics...ApprovedOMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response , including the time...COVERED 00-00-1999 to 00-00-1999 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE The Privatisation of Military Force: Economic Virtues, Vices and Government Responsibility

  10. 77 FR 4389 - Persons on Whom Sanctions Have Been Imposed Under the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-27

    ... Finance and Economic Sanctions Policy, Department of State, Telephone: (202) 647-9183. For U.S. Government... 56866, September 14, 2011) --Petr[oacute]leos de Venezuela S.A. (see Public Notice 7585, 76 FR 56866...

  11. 75 FR 75904 - Global Terrorism Sanctions Regulations; Terrorism Sanctions Regulations; Foreign Terrorist...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-07

    ... Terrorism Sanctions Regulations; Terrorism Sanctions Regulations; Foreign Terrorist Organizations Sanctions... Foreign Assets Control (``OFAC'') of the U.S. Department of the Treasury is amending the Global Terrorism Sanctions Regulations (``GTSR'') and the Terrorism Sanctions Regulations (``TSR'') to expand the scope of...

  12. Expeditionary Economics: A Future Resource for Military Planners?

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-05-17

    Monograph: Expeditionary Economics: A Future Resource for Military Planners? Approved by: __________________________________ Monograph Director Matthew J ...creation and elucidates the relationship with the operating environment. For a comprehensive review of this idea, see Antulio J . Echevarria II, The...these principles were derived, see Carl J . Schramm, "Expeditionary Economics: Spurring Growth After Conflicts and Disasters," Foreign Affairs, May

  13. Explaining U.S. And German Foreign Policy Decisions Toward Ukraine

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-12-01

    Academy of the Security Service of Ukraine, 2008 M.M., Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics , 2010 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the...Ukraine only through financial and limited military aid and economic sanctions against Russia;12 second, Germany’s active opposition to any military...response to Russia’s aggression and hesitation about imposing economic sanctions against the aggressor;13 and third, Germany’s active involvement in

  14. Military Spending and Economic Well-Being in the American States: The Post-Vietnam War Era

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Borch, Casey; Wallace, Michael

    2010-01-01

    Using growth curve modeling techniques, this research investigates whether military spending improved or worsened the economic well-being of citizens within the American states during the post-Vietnam War period. We empirically test the military Keynesianism claim that military spending improves the economic conditions of citizens through its use…

  15. Economic analysis of the military health professions scholarship program for neurosurgeons.

    PubMed

    Ragel, Brian T; Klimo, Paul; Grant, Gerald A; Taggard, Derek A; Nute, David; McCafferty, Randall R; Ellenbogen, Richard G

    2011-09-01

    The 4-year military Health Professions Scholarship Program (HPSP) provides funds for medical school tuition, books, and a monthly stipend in exchange for a 4-year military commitment (to receive all physician bonuses, an additional 3 months must be served). To analyze the economics of the HPSP for students with an interest in neurosurgery by comparing medical school debt and salaries of military, academic, and private practice neurosurgeons. Salary and medical school debt values from the American Association of Medical Colleges, salary data from the Medical Group Management Association, and 2009 military pay tables were obtained. Annual cash flow diagrams were created to encompass 14.25 years that spanned 4 years (medical school), 6 years (neurosurgical residency), and the first 4.25 years of practice for military, academic, and private practice neurosurgeons. A present value economic model was applied. Mean medical school loan debt was $154,607. Mean military (adjusted for tax-free portions), academic, and private practice salaries were $160,318, $451,068, and $721,458, respectively. After 14.25 years, the cumulative present value cash flow for military, academic, and private practice neurosurgeons was $1 193 323, $2 372 582, and $3 639 276, respectively. After 14.25 years, surgeons with medical student loans still owed $208 761. The difference in cumulative annual present value cash flow between military and academic and between military and private practice neurosurgeons was $1,179,259 and $2,445,953, respectively. The military neurosurgeon will have little to no medical school debt, whereas the calculated medical school debt of a nonmilitary surgeon was approximately $208,000.

  16. Interdicting an Adversary’s Economy Viewed As a Trade Sanction Inoperability Input Output Model

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-03-01

    set of sectors. The design of an economic sanction, in the context of this thesis, is the selection of the sector or set of sectors to sanction...We propose two optimization models. The first, the Trade Sanction Inoperability Input-output Model (TS-IIM), selects the sector or set of sectors that...Interdependency analysis: Extensions to demand reduction inoperability input-output modeling and portfolio selection . Unpublished doctoral dissertation

  17. Economic Value of Army Foreign Military Sales

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-12-01

    12 2. Direct Commercial Sales vs. Foreign Military Sales ............... 15 3. GAO and CBO Reports... Directive DOS Department of State DSCA Defense Security Cooperation Agency EOQ Economic Order Quantity FAA Foreign Assistance Act FAR Federal...and approves export license requests for Direct Commercial Sales (DCS) of defense articles (DSCA, 2012, p. C1.3.1). The DSCA summarizes the FMS

  18. Entrepreneurial Expeditionary Economics and the United States Military. Right Task, Wrong Tool?

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-12-01

    British Army School of Advanced Military Studies United States Army Command and General Staff College Fort Leavenworth, Kansas AY 2011-02 Approved...ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORG REPORT School of Advanced Military Studies NUMBER 250 Gibbon Avenue Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2134 9. SPONSORING I...expeditionary economics into a new approach to the successful delivery of aid? This study explores whether the military is the right actor to deliver

  19. 10 CFR 26.75 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Sanctions. 26.75 Section 26.75 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION FITNESS FOR DUTY PROGRAMS Management Actions and Sanctions To Be Imposed § 26.75 Sanctions. (a) This section defines the minimum sanctions that licensees and other entities shall impose when an...

  20. 10 CFR 26.75 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Sanctions. 26.75 Section 26.75 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION FITNESS FOR DUTY PROGRAMS Management Actions and Sanctions To Be Imposed § 26.75 Sanctions. (a) This section defines the minimum sanctions that licensees and other entities shall impose when an...

  1. 77 FR 4854 - Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for Second Quarter FY 2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-31

    ... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for Second Quarter FY 2012 In accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations 13--Business Credit and Assistance Sec. 123.512, the following interest rate is effective for Military Reservist Economic Injury...

  2. 77 FR 25010 - Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans Interest Rate for Third Quarter FY 2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-26

    ... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans Interest Rate for Third Quarter FY 2012 In accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations 13--Business Credit and Assistance Sec. 123.512, the following interest rate is effective for Military Reservist Economic Injury...

  3. 78 FR 5555 - Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for Second Quarter FY 2013

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-01-25

    ... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for Second Quarter FY 2013 In accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations 13--Business Credit and Assistance Sec. 123.512, the following interest rate is effective for Military Reservist Economic Injury...

  4. 76 FR 44976 - Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for Fourth Quarter FY 2011

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-27

    ... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for Fourth Quarter FY 2011 In accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations 13--Business Credit and Assistance Sec. 123.512, the following interest rate is effective for Military Reservist Economic Injury...

  5. 76 FR 66769 - Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for First Quarter FY 2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-27

    ... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for First Quarter FY 2012 In accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations 13--Business Credit and Assistance Sec. 123.512, the following interest rate is effective for Military Reservist Economic Injury...

  6. 77 FR 71668 - Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for First Quarter FY 2013

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-03

    ... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for First Quarter FY 2013 In accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations 13--Business Credit and Assistance Sec. 123.512, the following interest rate is effective for Military Reservist Economic Injury...

  7. 78 FR 26680 - Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for Third Quarter FY 2013

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-07

    ... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for Third Quarter FY 2013 In accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations 13--Business Credit and Assistance Sec. 123.512, the following interest rate is effective for Military Reservist Economic Injury...

  8. 78 FR 45283 - Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans Interest Rate for Fourth Quarter FY 2013

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-26

    ... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans Interest Rate for Fourth Quarter FY 2013 In accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations 13--Business Credit and Assistance Sec. 123.512, the following interest rate is effective for Military Reservist Economic Injury...

  9. 77 FR 46550 - Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for Fourth Quarter FY 2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-03

    ... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Interest Rate for Fourth Quarter FY 2012 In accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations 13--Business Credit and Assistance Sec. 123.512, the following interest rate is effective for Military Reservist Economic Injury...

  10. 78 FR 65416 - Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans Interest Rate for First Quarter FY 2014

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-10-31

    ... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans Interest Rate for First Quarter FY 2014 In accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations 13--Business Credit and Assistance Sec. 123.512, the following interest rate is effective for Military Reservist Economic Injury...

  11. China’s Military Support Facility in Djibouti: The Economic and Security Dimensions of China’s First Overseas Base

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-07-01

    Cleared for Public Release China’s Military Support Facility in Djibouti: The Economic and Security Dimensions of China’s...paper provides a preliminary look at the origins of China’s military support facility in Djibouti. It explores the evolution of the economic and security...military facilities abroad. It also assesses the implications of the growing economic and military ties between the two countries for the United

  12. Economic Analysis Supporting the Increase of the Unspecified Minor Military Construction Threshold

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-06-01

    UNSPECIFIED MINOR MILITARY CONSTRUCTION THRESHOLD June 2016 By: Clifford L. Kelsey Advisors: Philip Candreva Amilcar Menichini...THE UNSPECIFIED MINOR MILITARY CONSTRUCTION THRESHOLD 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 6. AUTHOR(S) Clifford L. Kelsey 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND...words) This report analyzes the economical, technological, and environmental challenges U.S. Navy engineers face in constructing quality, usable

  13. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-06-23

    Act) authorizes sanctions on foreign persons (individuals or corporations , not countries or governments ) that are determined by the Administration to...sanctions, particularly those targeting Iran’s energy sector, which provides about 80% of government revenues, can reduce Iran’s ability to support its WMD...foreign firm’s business opportunities in the United States. ISA does not, and probably could not practically, compel any foreign government to take action

  14. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-09-09

    the Iran-Syria-North Korea Non- Proliferation Act) authorizes sanctions on foreign persons (individuals or corporations , not countries or governments ...view—increasingly shared by major allies—is that sanctions should target Iran’s energy sector that provides about 80% of government revenues. U.S...its government revenue. Iran’s oil sector is as old as the petroleum industry itself, and Iran’s onshore oil fields and oil industry infrastructure are

  15. Do We Need Stronger Sanctions to Ensure Legal Compliance By Pharmaceutical Firms?

    PubMed

    Rodwin, Marc A

    2015-01-01

    The increasing number of enforcement lawsuits against pharmaceutical firms and the large size of settlement payments suggest that misconduct is widespread and even risks slipping into the banalities of ordinary business practices. It also raises questions as to whether current sanctions are an effective means to ensure compliance. This article explores the causes of the frequent illegal conduct, why prosecutors rarely use the strongest sanctions in their arsenal--criminal penalties and debarment from participation in public programs--and asks whether the use of the strongest sanctions would be desirable. Prosecutors might not use the strongest penalties available because of divided enforcement authority or because they prefer to seek monetary penalties to support their budgets. Moreover, strong sanctions might be perceived as imposing steep collateral damages on the-general public and being politically costly. If prosecutors are reluctant to impose the strongest possible sanctions, then policymakers need to develop alternative responses. One option is to create stronger economic penalties than the ones that currently exist. Corporations and their managers have incentives to increase their income, and their pursuit of profit sometimes leads these managers to violate the law. To deter illegal conduct, legislation typically allows courts to impose penalties--including fines and incarceration--on convicted individuals and firms. The increasing wide-scale illegal conduct by pharmaceutical firms and their employees over the last two decades prompts three questions. Are current sanctions sufficient? Are stronger sanctions and enforcement policy possible? If so, would they effectively deter harmful illegal conduct?

  16. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-10-07

    Proliferation Act) authorizes sanctions on foreign persons (individuals or corporations , not countries or governments ) that are determined by the...groups. The U.S. view—increasingly shared by major allies—is that sanctions should target Iran’s energy sector, which provides about 80% of government ...Iran’s petroleum sector generates about 20% of Iran’s GDP, and 80% of its government revenue. Iran’s oil sector is as old as the petroleum industry

  17. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-08-03

    increasingly shared by major allies—is that sanctions should target Iran’s energy sector that provides about 80% of government revenues. U.S. efforts...Hamas, and Palestine Islamic Jihad. Iran’s petroleum sector generates about 20% of Iran’s GDP, and 80% of its government revenue. Iran’s oil sector is...practically, compel any foreign government to take action against one of its firms. Amendments added by P.L. 111-195, the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions

  18. 75 FR 62439 - The Entire United States and U.S. Territories; Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loan

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-08

    ... States and U.S. Territories; Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loan AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of the Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loan... Date: 1 year after the essential employees is discharged or released from active duty. ADDRESSES...

  19. 22 CFR 62.79 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Sanctions. 62.79 Section 62.79 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE PUBLIC DIPLOMACY AND EXCHANGES EXCHANGE VISITOR PROGRAM Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) § 62.79 Sanctions. (a) The Department of State shall impose sanctions...

  20. 19 CFR 210.25 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Sanctions. 210.25 Section 210.25 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTIGATIONS OF UNFAIR PRACTICES IN IMPORT TRADE ADJUDICATION AND ENFORCEMENT Motions § 210.25 Sanctions. (a)(1) Any party may file a motion for sanctions for...

  1. 19 CFR 210.25 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Sanctions. 210.25 Section 210.25 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTIGATIONS OF UNFAIR PRACTICES IN IMPORT TRADE ADJUDICATION AND ENFORCEMENT Motions § 210.25 Sanctions. (a)(1) Any party may file a motion for sanctions for...

  2. 19 CFR 210.25 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Sanctions. 210.25 Section 210.25 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTIGATIONS OF UNFAIR PRACTICES IN IMPORT TRADE ADJUDICATION AND ENFORCEMENT Motions § 210.25 Sanctions. (a)(1) Any party may file a motion for sanctions for...

  3. 19 CFR 210.25 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Sanctions. 210.25 Section 210.25 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTIGATIONS OF UNFAIR PRACTICES IN IMPORT TRADE ADJUDICATION AND ENFORCEMENT Motions § 210.25 Sanctions. (a)(1) Any party may file a motion for sanctions for...

  4. 45 CFR 79.29 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Sanctions. 79.29 Section 79.29 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 79.29 Sanctions. (a) The ALJ may sanction a person, including any party or representative, for— (1) Failing to comply...

  5. 6 CFR 13.29 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 6 Domestic Security 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Sanctions. 13.29 Section 13.29 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 13.29 Sanctions. (a) The ALJ may sanction a Person, including any party or Representative, for: (1) Failing to comply with...

  6. Sanctions and the struggle for health in South Africa.

    PubMed Central

    Coovadia, H M

    1999-01-01

    This commentary describes the role of a major antiapartheid health organization, the National Medical and Dental Association (NAMDA), in reinforcing and maintaining international pressure on the racist South African government. NAMDA was a constituent of the Mass Democratic Movement (MDM), which was at the forefront in the struggle for freedom in South Africa. NAMDA endorsed the programs of the banned African National Congress (ANC), which included a range of sanctions. Debates within NAMDA on enlarging sanctions into an academic boycott are summarized. The development of a policy of selective academic support, which approved academic exchanges in accord with the aims of the MDM, is explained. Indirect evidence shows that international pressures created by specific types of economic sanctions and the forms of academic boycott decided on by NAMDA achieved their objectives. I have highlighted the tension between these strategies, which resulted in the isolation of the apartheid regime, as well as the responsibility to protect the most vulnerable from the burdens that resulted from these policies. PMID:10511831

  7. Addressing the impact of economic sanctions on Iranian drug shortages in the joint comprehensive plan of action: promoting access to medicines and health diplomacy.

    PubMed

    Setayesh, Sogol; Mackey, Tim K

    2016-06-08

    providing Iran relief from the international economic sanctions regime. This specifically includes advocating for the application of "health diplomacy" in ongoing multilateral negotiations following commencement of "implementation day," by advocating for an additional set of reform measures incorporated into this historic negotiation that will finally address the humanitarian and medical crisis of drug shortages in Iran.

  8. 76 FR 30505 - Authorizing the Implementation of Certain Sanctions Set Forth in the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-25

    ... Authorizing the Implementation of Certain Sanctions Set Forth in the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as Amended By... National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-172) (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) (ISA), as amended by, inter alia, the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability...

  9. SOME CONNECTIONS BETWEEN ECONOMIC AND MILITARY ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS IN UNDERDEVELOPED AREAS,

    DTIC Science & Technology

    of U. S. objectives in undertaking aid programs in underdeveloped countries. The second is concerned with the role of nonmilitary objectives and...both economic and military aid programs . The first and second are closely related points; the third, clearly, is quite independent.

  10. 28 CFR 115.276 - Disciplinary sanctions for staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Disciplinary sanctions for staff. 115.276... sanctions for staff. (a) Staff shall be subject to disciplinary sanctions up to and including termination... presumptive disciplinary sanction for staff who have engaged in sexual abuse. (c) Disciplinary sanctions for...

  11. 28 CFR 115.276 - Disciplinary sanctions for staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Disciplinary sanctions for staff. 115.276... sanctions for staff. (a) Staff shall be subject to disciplinary sanctions up to and including termination... presumptive disciplinary sanction for staff who have engaged in sexual abuse. (c) Disciplinary sanctions for...

  12. 28 CFR 115.276 - Disciplinary sanctions for staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Disciplinary sanctions for staff. 115.276... sanctions for staff. (a) Staff shall be subject to disciplinary sanctions up to and including termination... presumptive disciplinary sanction for staff who have engaged in sexual abuse. (c) Disciplinary sanctions for...

  13. Syria: effects of conflict and sanctions on public health.

    PubMed

    Sen, Kasturi; Al-Faisal, Waleed; AlSaleh, Yaser

    2013-06-01

    The past 18 months have witnessed considerable turmoil in countries of the MENA region. The Syrian Arab Republic (SAR) is one such country, currently in the midst of a civil war. This report draws attention to some of the recent achievements of its health services, where, despite a dearth of published materials, the country achieved remarkable declines in maternal mortality and infant mortality rates. Its health sector now faces destruction from on-going violence compounded by economic sanctions that has affected access to health care, to medicines and to basic essentials as well as the destruction of infrastructure. This paper draws attention to the achievements of the country's health services and explores some of the consequences of conflict and of sanctions on population health. Readers need to be mindful that the situation on the ground in a civil war can alter on a daily basis. This is the case for Syria with much destruction of health facilities and increasing numbers of people killed and injured. We retain however our focus on the core theme of this paper which is on conflict and on sanctions.

  14. 76 FR 18821 - Persons and Entities on Whom Sanctions Have Been Imposed Under the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-05

    ... Under the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Secretary... section 5(a)(1) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (ISA) (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) and that certain sanctions... in effect on the day before the date of enactment of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability...

  15. 22 CFR 62.79 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... Visitor Information System (SEVIS) § 62.79 Sanctions. (a) The Department of State shall impose sanctions... or a United States territory; or, (3) Whose authorized representatives fail to secure their SEVIS...

  16. 22 CFR 62.79 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... Visitor Information System (SEVIS) § 62.79 Sanctions. (a) The Department of State shall impose sanctions... or a United States territory; or, (3) Whose authorized representatives fail to secure their SEVIS...

  17. 22 CFR 62.79 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... Visitor Information System (SEVIS) § 62.79 Sanctions. (a) The Department of State shall impose sanctions... or a United States territory; or, (3) Whose authorized representatives fail to secure their SEVIS...

  18. 22 CFR 62.79 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... Visitor Information System (SEVIS) § 62.79 Sanctions. (a) The Department of State shall impose sanctions... or a United States territory; or, (3) Whose authorized representatives fail to secure their SEVIS...

  19. USSR Report. Military Affairs: Foreign Military Review. No 7, July 1986

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-12-19

    MILITARY ECONOMICS , INFRASTRUCTURE Military Industrial Cooperation in NATO (pp 57-67) (D. Nilov) (Not translated) Military-Geographic Description of... economic development of the USSR and for socialist and democratic successes. The documents and ideas of the 27th CPSU Congress continued to arouse...operation of the principle of socialist internationalism within its framework. It is graphically displayed in the forms of political, economic and

  20. The competitive advantage of sanctioning institutions.

    PubMed

    Gürerk, Ozgür; Irlenbusch, Bernd; Rockenbach, Bettina

    2006-04-07

    Understanding the fundamental patterns and determinants of human cooperation and the maintenance of social order in human societies is a challenge across disciplines. The existing empirical evidence for the higher levels of cooperation when altruistic punishment is present versus when it is absent systematically ignores the institutional competition inherent in human societies. Whether punishment would be deliberately adopted and would similarly enhance cooperation when directly competing with nonpunishment institutions is highly controversial in light of recent findings on the detrimental effects of punishment. We show experimentally that a sanctioning institution is the undisputed winner in a competition with a sanction-free institution. Despite initial aversion, the entire population migrates successively to the sanctioning institution and strongly cooperates, whereas the sanction-free society becomes fully depopulated. The findings demonstrate the competitive advantage of sanctioning institutions and exemplify the emergence and manifestation of social order driven by institutional selection.

  1. 28 CFR 115.76 - Disciplinary sanctions for staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Disciplinary sanctions for staff. 115.76... staff. (a) Staff shall be subject to disciplinary sanctions up to and including termination for... disciplinary sanction for staff who have engaged in sexual abuse. (c) Disciplinary sanctions for violations of...

  2. 28 CFR 115.76 - Disciplinary sanctions for staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Disciplinary sanctions for staff. 115.76... staff. (a) Staff shall be subject to disciplinary sanctions up to and including termination for... disciplinary sanction for staff who have engaged in sexual abuse. (c) Disciplinary sanctions for violations of...

  3. 28 CFR 115.76 - Disciplinary sanctions for staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Disciplinary sanctions for staff. 115.76... staff. (a) Staff shall be subject to disciplinary sanctions up to and including termination for... disciplinary sanction for staff who have engaged in sexual abuse. (c) Disciplinary sanctions for violations of...

  4. THE BALTIC SEA REGION - IN NEED OF A MORE TOTAL DEFENSE

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-04-05

    quick, reliable, transparent information, and education in source reliability. Furthermore, a strengthened Economic Defense is needed, where especially...Military forces once again were used to change borders in Europe.1 Economic sanctions and other responses by the West followed, against a revanchist...historical, geopolitical, military, and economic . There is a substantial risk that Russia, if not deterred, will continue its strategy of cross-domain

  5. 15 CFR 904.320 - Nature of permit sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Nature of permit sanctions. 904.320 Section 904.320 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued... PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials Permit Sanction for Violations § 904.320 Nature of permit sanctions...

  6. 15 CFR 904.320 - Nature of permit sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Nature of permit sanctions. 904.320 Section 904.320 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued... PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials Permit Sanction for Violations § 904.320 Nature of permit sanctions...

  7. 15 CFR 904.320 - Nature of permit sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Nature of permit sanctions. 904.320 Section 904.320 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued... PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials Permit Sanction for Violations § 904.320 Nature of permit sanctions...

  8. 15 CFR 904.320 - Nature of permit sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Nature of permit sanctions. 904.320 Section 904.320 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued... PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials Permit Sanction for Violations § 904.320 Nature of permit sanctions...

  9. 15 CFR 904.320 - Nature of permit sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Nature of permit sanctions. 904.320 Section 904.320 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued... PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials Permit Sanction for Violations § 904.320 Nature of permit sanctions...

  10. 77 FR 11723 - Iranian Financial Sanctions Regulations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-27

    ... Assets Control 31 CFR Part 561 Iranian Financial Sanctions Regulations; Final Rule #0;#0;Federal Register... OF THE TREASURY Office of Foreign Assets Control 31 CFR Part 561 Iranian Financial Sanctions... the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (``OFAC'') is amending the Iranian Financial Sanctions...

  11. 17 CFR 171.11 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... RESPONSIBILITY ACTIONS General Provisions § 171.11 Sanctions. In the event a party fails to fulfill his... appeal or summary reversal of the decision under appeal. Sanctions may be imposed on the motion of a party or on the Commission's own motion. ...

  12. 17 CFR 171.11 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... RESPONSIBILITY ACTIONS General Provisions § 171.11 Sanctions. In the event a party fails to fulfill his... appeal or summary reversal of the decision under appeal. Sanctions may be imposed on the motion of a party or on the Commission's own motion. ...

  13. 10 CFR 1045.5 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Sanctions. 1045.5 Section 1045.5 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (GENERAL PROVISIONS) NUCLEAR CLASSIFICATION AND DECLASSIFICATION Program Management of the Restricted Data and Formerly Restricted Data Classification System § 1045.5 Sanctions. (a) Knowing, willful...

  14. 49 CFR 661.19 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 7 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Sanctions. 661.19 Section 661.19 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BUY AMERICA REQUIREMENTS § 661.19 Sanctions. A willful refusal to comply with a certification by a...

  15. 49 CFR 661.19 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Sanctions. 661.19 Section 661.19 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BUY AMERICA REQUIREMENTS § 661.19 Sanctions. A willful refusal to comply with a certification by a...

  16. 49 CFR 661.19 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Sanctions. 661.19 Section 661.19 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BUY AMERICA REQUIREMENTS § 661.19 Sanctions. A willful refusal to comply with a certification by a...

  17. 49 CFR 661.19 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Sanctions. 661.19 Section 661.19 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BUY AMERICA REQUIREMENTS § 661.19 Sanctions. A willful refusal to comply with a certification by a...

  18. 49 CFR 661.19 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 7 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Sanctions. 661.19 Section 661.19 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BUY AMERICA REQUIREMENTS § 661.19 Sanctions. A willful refusal to comply with a certification by a...

  19. 42 CFR 488.606 - Alternative sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Medicare Coverage and Alternative Sanctions for End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Facilities § 488.606... sanction. (3) Withholding of all payments, without interest, for all ESRD services furnished by the...

  20. 42 CFR 488.606 - Alternative sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Medicare Coverage and Alternative Sanctions for End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Facilities § 488.606... sanction. (3) Withholding of all payments, without interest, for all ESRD services furnished by the...

  1. 42 CFR 488.606 - Alternative sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Medicare Coverage and Alternative Sanctions for End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Facilities § 488.606... sanction. (3) Withholding of all payments, without interest, for all ESRD services furnished by the...

  2. 42 CFR 488.606 - Alternative sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Medicare Coverage and Alternative Sanctions for End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Facilities § 488.606... sanction. (3) Withholding of all payments, without interest, for all ESRD services furnished by the...

  3. 42 CFR 488.606 - Alternative sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Medicare Coverage and Alternative Sanctions for End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Facilities § 488.606... sanction. (3) Withholding of all payments, without interest, for all ESRD services furnished by the...

  4. [Criteria for determining the category of readiness for military service].

    PubMed

    Kulikov, V V; Liufing, A A; Panteleev, A Ia; Koval'skiĭ, O N

    1997-12-01

    In connection with professionalization of the Armed Forces of Russian Federation there was the necessity of deep study of laws and theoretical bases of the estimation criterion of readiness to the military service of various quota of military personnel. In this article the approaches to the given problem decision are reflected. The authors consider, that the military-medical examination represents complex process of study and estimation of the biomedical and social status of the person, definition of his conformity to conditions of the military service, the correlation of diseases and injuries with military service, but also sanction of other questions with removal of the written conclusion. The scientific development of the methodical approaches to definition of estimation of criteria of readiness category to the military service on the basis of priority of medical criteria over social in peace time becomes now one of the major problem of the military-medical examination. The authors discussed the methodological and theory questions of military-medical examination. These disputable questions require further discussion and scientific substantiation.

  5. 7 CFR 3052.225 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Sanctions. 3052.225 Section 3052.225 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AUDITS OF STATES, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, AND NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Audits § 3052.225 Sanctions. No...

  6. 14 CFR 1232.107 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2011-01-01 2010-01-01 true Sanctions. 1232.107 Section 1232.107 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION CARE AND USE OF ANIMALS IN THE CONDUCT OF NASA ACTIVITIES § 1232.107 Sanctions. (a) Non-NASA Institutions. Principal investigators not employed...

  7. 14 CFR 1232.107 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Sanctions. 1232.107 Section 1232.107 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION CARE AND USE OF ANIMALS IN THE CONDUCT OF NASA ACTIVITIES § 1232.107 Sanctions. (a) Non-NASA Institutions. Principal investigators not employed...

  8. Intermediate tax sanctions: an overview.

    PubMed

    Peregrine, M W

    1997-07-01

    New federal tax law applies intermediate tax sanctions when tax-exempt organizations enter into so-called excess benefit transactions with corporate insiders. The sanctions take the form of a two-tiered penalty excise tax, which is assessed not on the tax-exempt organization itself but on the insider who receives the excess benefit and the organizational managers and board members who knowingly participate in an improper transaction. The intermediate tax sanctions, therefore, present tax-planning challenges for tax-exempt hospitals and integrated delivery systems as well as for 501(c)(4) HMOs. Forthcoming treasury regulations are expected to add clarity to the new law.

  9. Military Authoritarian Regimes and Economic Development: The ROK’s Economic Take-Off Under Park Chung Hee

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-12-01

    Between 1965 and 1969 [South Korea’s] total Vietnam earnings from such sources as military commodity procurement, war risk insurance premiums...industrialization through government’s intervention. Third, democratization by the middle-class, built up by economic development. And, fourth, deregulation ...monetarism as a macroeconomic policy to solve stagflation spread in advanced industrial countries and insisted on liberalism, deregulation and

  10. 75 FR 62916 - Persons and Entities on Whom Sanctions Have Been Imposed Under the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-13

    ... Under the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Secretary... investment described in section 5(a)(1) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (ISA) (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) and... on the day before the date of enactment of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and...

  11. U.S.-China Military Contacts: Issues for Congress

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-02-10

    For the next S &ED in Beijing in May 2010, the Pentagon sent the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Asian and Pacific Security Affairs and the ...laws on sanctions, contacts, and reporting requirements • Obtain and review the Department of Defense (DOD)’ s plan for upcoming mil- to-mil contacts...military power. As implications for U.S. contacts with the PLA, the study

  12. 13 CFR 134.219 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Sanctions. 134.219 Section 134.219 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION RULES OF PROCEDURE GOVERNING CASES BEFORE THE OFFICE OF HEARINGS AND APPEALS Rules of Practice for Most Cases § 134.219 Sanctions. A Judge may impose...

  13. 28 CFR 22.29 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Sanctions. 22.29 Section 22.29 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE CONFIDENTIALITY OF IDENTIFIABLE RESEARCH AND STATISTICAL INFORMATION § 22.29 Sanctions. Where BJA, OJJDP, BJS, NIJ, or OJP believes that a violation of section 812(a) of the Act or...

  14. 28 CFR 22.29 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sanctions. 22.29 Section 22.29 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE CONFIDENTIALITY OF IDENTIFIABLE RESEARCH AND STATISTICAL INFORMATION § 22.29 Sanctions. Where BJA, OJJDP, BJS, NIJ, or OJP believes that a violation of section 812(a) of the Act or...

  15. [Economic problems in military public health].

    PubMed

    Petrov, G M; Moretskiĭ, A A

    2000-03-01

    There are discussed the problems of military treatment and prophylactic institution (TPI) functioning under conditions of market reform of Russian public health. Main marketing concepts in military health are determined and some recommendations on work improvement in TPI of the Armed Forces in the system of obligatory medical insurance are presented, granting population paid medical services. It is necessary to form a new type of director--military and medical manager.

  16. Military Service, Childhood Socio-Economic Status, and Late-Life Lung Function: Korean War Era Military Service Associated with Smaller Disparities.

    PubMed

    Vable, Anusha M; Kiang, Mathew V; Basu, Sanjay; Rudolph, Kara E; Kawachi, Ichiro; Subramanian, S V; Glymour, M Maria

    2018-03-02

    Military service is associated with smoking initiation, but U.S. veterans are also eligible for special social, financial, and healthcare benefits, which are associated with smoking cessation. A key public health question is how these offsetting pathways affect health disparities; we assessed the net effects of military service on later life pulmonary function among Korean War era veterans by childhood socio-economic status (cSES). Data came from U.S.-born male Korean War era veteran (service: 1950-1954) and non-veteran participants in the observational U.S. Health and Retirement Study who were alive in 2010 (average age = 78). Veterans (N = 203) and non-veterans (N = 195) were exactly matched using coarsened exact matching on birth year, race, coarsened height, birthplace, childhood health, and parental and childhood smoking. Results were evaluated by cSES (defined as maternal education <8 yr/unknown or ≥8 yr), in predicting lung function, as assessed by peak expiratory flow (PEF), measured in 2008 or 2010. While there was little overall association between veterans and PEF [β = 12.8 L/min; 95% confidence interval (CI): (-12.1, 37.7); p = 0.314; average non-veteran PEF = 379 L/min], low-cSES veterans had higher PEF than similar non-veterans [β = 81.9 L/min; 95% CI: (25.2, 138.5); p = 0.005], resulting in smaller socio-economic disparities among veterans compared to non-veterans [difference in disparities: β = -85.0 L/min; 95% CI: (-147.9, -22.2); p = 0.008]. Korean War era military service appears to disproportionately benefit low-cSES veteran lung functioning, resulting in smaller socio-economic disparities among veterans compared with non-veterans.

  17. 38 CFR 41.225 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sanctions. 41.225 Section 41.225 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS (CONTINUED) AUDITS OF STATES, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, AND NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Audits § 41.225 Sanctions. No audit costs may be charged to Federal awards when audits...

  18. 29 CFR 99.225 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Sanctions. 99.225 Section 99.225 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor AUDITS OF STATES, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, AND NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Audits § 99.225 Sanctions. No audit costs may be charged to Federal awards when audits required by this part have not been...

  19. Sanctions, War, Occupation and the De-Development of Education in Iraq

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Santisteban, Agustín Velloso De

    2005-01-01

    In August 1990, the United Nations Security Council imposed economic sanctions on Iraq. These ended in May 2003. Ever since that same month, in which the war launched by Coalition Forces against Iraq ended, the country has been under occupation. The education system, one of the best in the Arab world 15 years ago, has been seriously affected by both the sanctions and the war. The present study explores how these factors have reversed previous educational achievements and rendered the education system unable to fulfil its missions. It also shows how continued instability and widespread violence gravely impede the reconstruction of the education system. In sum, while the Iraqis themselves are now responsible, under international law, for deciding on and implementing reconstruction policies, this has still not been taking place under occupation.

  20. Technical and economic assessment of swept-wing span-distributed load concepts for civil and military air cargo transports

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1977-01-01

    The feasibility of large freighter aircraft was assessed, including the impact of military requirements on the performance, economics, and fuel consumption characteristics. Only configurations having net payloads of 272,155 to 544,311 kilograms contained within swept wings of constant chord were studied. These configurations were of advanced composite construction with controllable winglets and full-span digitally-controlled trailing-edge surfaces. Civil, military, and joint civil/military production programs were considered.

  1. 42 CFR 493.1806 - Available sanctions: All laboratories.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Available sanctions: All laboratories. 493.1806... SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION LABORATORY REQUIREMENTS Enforcement Procedures § 493.1806 Available sanctions: All laboratories. (a) Applicability. CMS may impose one or more of the sanctions...

  2. 42 CFR 493.1806 - Available sanctions: All laboratories.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Available sanctions: All laboratories. 493.1806... SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION LABORATORY REQUIREMENTS Enforcement Procedures § 493.1806 Available sanctions: All laboratories. (a) Applicability. CMS may impose one or more of the sanctions...

  3. 77 FR 62139 - Authorizing the Implementation of Certain Sanctions Set Forth in the Iran Threat Reduction and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-12

    ... Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (IEEPA), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601... this section, and had knowledge that the person engaged in the activities referred to in that... Security Council Travel Bans and International Emergency Economic Powers Act Sanctions). Sec. 11. The...

  4. 28 CFR 115.176 - Disciplinary sanctions for staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Disciplinary sanctions for staff. 115.176... NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Lockups Discipline § 115.176 Disciplinary sanctions for staff. (a) Staff... staff who have engaged in sexual abuse. (c) Disciplinary sanctions for violations of agency policies...

  5. 28 CFR 115.376 - Disciplinary sanctions for staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Disciplinary sanctions for staff. 115.376... NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Juvenile Facilities Discipline § 115.376 Disciplinary sanctions for staff. (a) Staff shall be subject to disciplinary sanctions up to and including termination for violating...

  6. 28 CFR 115.176 - Disciplinary sanctions for staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Disciplinary sanctions for staff. 115.176... NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Lockups Discipline § 115.176 Disciplinary sanctions for staff. (a) Staff... staff who have engaged in sexual abuse. (c) Disciplinary sanctions for violations of agency policies...

  7. 28 CFR 115.376 - Disciplinary sanctions for staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Disciplinary sanctions for staff. 115.376... NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Juvenile Facilities Discipline § 115.376 Disciplinary sanctions for staff. (a) Staff shall be subject to disciplinary sanctions up to and including termination for violating...

  8. 28 CFR 115.176 - Disciplinary sanctions for staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Disciplinary sanctions for staff. 115.176... NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Lockups Discipline § 115.176 Disciplinary sanctions for staff. (a) Staff... staff who have engaged in sexual abuse. (c) Disciplinary sanctions for violations of agency policies...

  9. 28 CFR 115.376 - Disciplinary sanctions for staff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Disciplinary sanctions for staff. 115.376... NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Juvenile Facilities Discipline § 115.376 Disciplinary sanctions for staff. (a) Staff shall be subject to disciplinary sanctions up to and including termination for violating...

  10. 32 CFR 2700.44 - Administrative sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Administrative sanctions. 2700.44 Section 2700.44 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE FOR MICRONESIAN STATUS NEGOTIATIONS SECURITY INFORMATION REGULATIONS Safeguarding § 2700.44 Administrative sanctions. Officers and...

  11. 15 CFR 904.310 - Nature of permit sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Nature of permit sanctions. 904.310 Section 904.310 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued... PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials Permit Sanctions for Noncompliance § 904.310 Nature of permit...

  12. 15 CFR 904.310 - Nature of permit sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Nature of permit sanctions. 904.310 Section 904.310 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued... PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials Permit Sanctions for Noncompliance § 904.310 Nature of permit...

  13. 15 CFR 904.310 - Nature of permit sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Nature of permit sanctions. 904.310 Section 904.310 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued... PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials Permit Sanctions for Noncompliance § 904.310 Nature of permit...

  14. 15 CFR 904.310 - Nature of permit sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Nature of permit sanctions. 904.310 Section 904.310 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued... PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials Permit Sanctions for Noncompliance § 904.310 Nature of permit...

  15. 15 CFR 904.310 - Nature of permit sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Nature of permit sanctions. 904.310 Section 904.310 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued... PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials Permit Sanctions for Noncompliance § 904.310 Nature of permit...

  16. 48 CFR 25.703-2 - Iran Sanctions Act.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Iran Sanctions Act. 25.703... SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS FOREIGN ACQUISITION Prohibited Sources 25.703-2 Iran Sanctions Act. (a) Certification. (1) As required by the Iran Sanctions Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 note), unless an exception applies in...

  17. Unlearned History: The Ineffectual Application of U.S. Broad Economic Sanctions Against Syria

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-10-30

    fundamentally due to the high cost of compliance required of Syrian leaders, external third party support sustaining the Syrian government, and the Syrian...rate, especially as applied to autocratic regimes, are the cost of compliance, access to third party support, and the ability to redistribute the...of the sanctions policy. The political cost that the target state weighs must be high enough to extract the concessions demanded of the sending

  18. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-08-19

    September 2007 Korea Mining and Development Corp. ( N . Korea) September 2007 Iran Sanctions Congressional Research Service 70 October 21, 2007...designated under other E.O.) - Vitaly Sokolenko (general manager of Ferland) April 29, 2014, (for connections to deceptive oil dealings for Iran

  19. 18 CFR 420.22 - Prohibition; sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Prohibition; sanctions. 420.22 Section 420.22 Conservation of Power and Water Resources DELAWARE RIVER BASIN COMMISSION ADMINISTRATIVE MANUAL BASIN REGULATIONS-WATER SUPPLY CHARGES Water Supply Policy § 420.22 Prohibition; sanctions...

  20. 19 CFR 354.8 - Interim sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... reconsider imposition of interim sanctions on the basis of new and material evidence or other good cause... Secretary may petition a presiding official to impose such sanctions. (b) The presiding official may impose... person to return material previously provided by the Department and all other materials containing the...

  1. 24 CFR 92.65 - Funding sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Funding sanctions. 92.65 Section 92.65 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development HOME INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIPS PROGRAM Allocation Formula Insular Areas Program § 92.65 Funding sanctions...

  2. 24 CFR 92.65 - Funding sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Funding sanctions. 92.65 Section 92.65 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development HOME INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIPS PROGRAM Allocation Formula Insular Areas Program § 92.65 Funding sanctions...

  3. 24 CFR 92.65 - Funding sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Funding sanctions. 92.65 Section 92.65 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development HOME INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIPS PROGRAM Allocation Formula Insular Areas Program § 92.65 Funding sanctions...

  4. 24 CFR 92.65 - Funding sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Funding sanctions. 92.65 Section 92.65 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development HOME INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIPS PROGRAM Allocation Formula Insular Areas Program § 92.65 Funding sanctions...

  5. 24 CFR 92.65 - Funding sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Funding sanctions. 92.65 Section 92.65 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development HOME INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIPS PROGRAM Allocation Formula Insular Areas Program § 92.65 Funding sanctions...

  6. Impact of Military Coups d’etat on West Africa’s Socio-Economic and Political Development

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-12-16

    the 1990s. Under President Doe, the Liberian currency was devalued , corruption was at its peak, and the mismanagement of public funds was the rule...from which they are yet to recover. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Africa, Economic development, Governance, Security, the West, West Africa, Nigeria , Cote... Nigeria and Military Coup d’états 1983-1999 .............................................................. 32 The Second Military Coup after the Second

  7. 49 CFR 98.12 - Administrative sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation ENFORCEMENT OF RESTRICTIONS ON POST-EMPLOYMENT ACTIVITIES Administrative Sanctions § 98.12 Administrative sanctions. (a) The Secretary, in decisions under § 98.10 of this part, and the examiner, in decisions under § 98.8 and § 98.9 of this part, may impose...

  8. Economic Returns to Military Service

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-07-01

    Married Women." Journal of Human Resources, Vol. 14, No. 4, Fall 1979, pp. 563-78. Joseph, Toni, "Rude Awakening: Many Veterans Find Military Jobs No Road...leave the service. Proponents of this view often point to what might be termed "low-tech" jobs in the Army, especially in the combat arms, where...consistent with the existing job matching hypothesis models. Negative images of t.e military resulting from the Vietnam War and the recruiting scandals in the

  9. 41 CFR 60-1.27 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... § 60-1.27 Sanctions. (a) General. The sanctions described in subsections (1), (5), and (6) of section 209(a) of the Order may be exercised only by or with the approval of the Deputy Assistant Secretary..., regulations and orders of the Secretary of Labor. Debarment may be imposed for an indefinite term or for a...

  10. 41 CFR 60-1.27 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... § 60-1.27 Sanctions. (a) General. The sanctions described in subsections (1), (5), and (6) of section 209(a) of the Order may be exercised only by or with the approval of the Deputy Assistant Secretary..., regulations and orders of the Secretary of Labor. Debarment may be imposed for an indefinite term or for a...

  11. 41 CFR 60-1.27 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... § 60-1.27 Sanctions. (a) General. The sanctions described in subsections (1), (5), and (6) of section 209(a) of the Order may be exercised only by or with the approval of the Deputy Assistant Secretary..., regulations and orders of the Secretary of Labor. Debarment may be imposed for an indefinite term or for a...

  12. 41 CFR 60-1.27 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... § 60-1.27 Sanctions. (a) General. The sanctions described in subsections (1), (5), and (6) of section 209(a) of the Order may be exercised only by or with the approval of the Deputy Assistant Secretary..., regulations and orders of the Secretary of Labor. Debarment may be imposed for an indefinite term or for a...

  13. 5 CFR 950.603 - Sanctions and penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS Miscellaneous Provisions § 950.603 Sanctions and penalties. (a)(1) The Director may impose sanctions or penalties on a federation, charitable organization or PCFO for violating these... 950.603 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS...

  14. 5 CFR 950.603 - Sanctions and penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS Miscellaneous Provisions § 950.603 Sanctions and penalties. (a)(1) The Director may impose sanctions or penalties on a federation, charitable organization or PCFO for violating these... 950.603 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS...

  15. 5 CFR 950.603 - Sanctions and penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS Miscellaneous Provisions § 950.603 Sanctions and penalties. (a)(1) The Director may impose sanctions or penalties on a federation, charitable organization or PCFO for violating these... 950.603 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS...

  16. 5 CFR 950.603 - Sanctions and penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS Miscellaneous Provisions § 950.603 Sanctions and penalties. (a)(1) The Director may impose sanctions or penalties on a federation, charitable organization or PCFO for violating these... 950.603 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS...

  17. 5 CFR 950.603 - Sanctions and penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS Miscellaneous Provisions § 950.603 Sanctions and penalties. (a)(1) The Director may impose sanctions or penalties on a federation, charitable organization or PCFO for violating these... 950.603 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS...

  18. 78 FR 23624 - Removal of Sanctions on Person on Whom Sanctions Have Been Imposed Under the Iran Sanctions Act...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-19

    ... INFORMATION CONTACT: On general issues: Office of Sanctions Policy and Implementation, Department of State..., 2011) --Petro[acute]leos de Venezuela S.A. (see Public Notice 7585, 76 FR 56866, September 14, 2011...

  19. 45 CFR 2554.37 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 2554.37... there sanctions for misconduct? (a) The ALJ may sanction a person, including any party or representative... prosecute or defend an action; or (3) Engaging in other misconduct that interferes with the speedy, orderly...

  20. 45 CFR 2554.37 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 2554.37... there sanctions for misconduct? (a) The ALJ may sanction a person, including any party or representative... prosecute or defend an action; or (3) Engaging in other misconduct that interferes with the speedy, orderly...

  1. 45 CFR 2554.37 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 2554.37... there sanctions for misconduct? (a) The ALJ may sanction a person, including any party or representative... prosecute or defend an action; or (3) Engaging in other misconduct that interferes with the speedy, orderly...

  2. 45 CFR 2554.37 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 2554.37... there sanctions for misconduct? (a) The ALJ may sanction a person, including any party or representative... prosecute or defend an action; or (3) Engaging in other misconduct that interferes with the speedy, orderly...

  3. 45 CFR 2554.37 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 2554.37... there sanctions for misconduct? (a) The ALJ may sanction a person, including any party or representative... prosecute or defend an action; or (3) Engaging in other misconduct that interferes with the speedy, orderly...

  4. 24 CFR 107.60 - Sanctions and penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... withdrawal of approval; or a determination of ineligibility, suspension, or debarment from any further assistance or contracts; provided, however, that sanctions of debarment, suspension, and ineligibility are... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Sanctions and penalties. 107.60...

  5. 28 CFR 20.38 - Sanction for noncompliance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sanction for noncompliance. 20.38 Section 20.38 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE CRIMINAL JUSTICE INFORMATION SYSTEMS Federal Systems and Exchange of Criminal History Record Information § 20.38 Sanction for noncompliance. Access to...

  6. 28 CFR 20.38 - Sanction for noncompliance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Sanction for noncompliance. 20.38 Section 20.38 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE CRIMINAL JUSTICE INFORMATION SYSTEMS Federal Systems and Exchange of Criminal History Record Information § 20.38 Sanction for noncompliance. Access to...

  7. 28 CFR 20.38 - Sanction for noncompliance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Sanction for noncompliance. 20.38 Section 20.38 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE CRIMINAL JUSTICE INFORMATION SYSTEMS Federal Systems and Exchange of Criminal History Record Information § 20.38 Sanction for noncompliance. Access to...

  8. 28 CFR 20.38 - Sanction for noncompliance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Sanction for noncompliance. 20.38 Section 20.38 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE CRIMINAL JUSTICE INFORMATION SYSTEMS Federal Systems and Exchange of Criminal History Record Information § 20.38 Sanction for noncompliance. Access to...

  9. 28 CFR 20.38 - Sanction for noncompliance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Sanction for noncompliance. 20.38 Section 20.38 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE CRIMINAL JUSTICE INFORMATION SYSTEMS Federal Systems and Exchange of Criminal History Record Information § 20.38 Sanction for noncompliance. Access to...

  10. Radiation exposure of U.S. military individuals.

    PubMed

    Blake, Paul K; Komp, Gregory R

    2014-02-01

    The U.S. military consists of five armed services: the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Coast Guard. It directly employs 1.4 million active duty military, 1.3 million National Guard and reserve military, and 700,000 civilian individuals. This paper describes the military guidance used to preserve and maintain the health of military personnel while they accomplish necessary and purposeful work in areas where they are exposed to radiation. It also discusses military exposure cohorts and associated radiogenic disease compensation programs administered by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, the U.S. Department of Justice, and the U.S. Department of Labor. With a few exceptions, the U.S. military has effectively employed ionizing radiation since it was first introduced during the Spanish-American War in 1898. The U.S military annually monitors 70,000 individuals for occupational radiation exposure: ~2% of its workforce. In recent years, the Departments of the Navy (including the Marine Corps), the Army, and the Air Force all have a low collective dose that remains close to 1 person-Sv annually. Only a few Coast Guard individuals are now routinely monitored for radiation exposure. As with the nuclear industry as a whole, the Naval Reactors program has a higher collective dose than the remainder of the U.S. military. The U.S. military maintains occupational radiation exposure records on over two million individuals from 1945 through the present. These records are controlled in accordance with the Privacy Act of 1974 but are available to affected individuals or their designees and other groups performing sanctioned epidemiology studies.Introduction of Radiation Exposure of U.S. Military Individuals (Video 2:19, http://links.lww.com/HP/A30).

  11. 31 CFR 598.201 - Applicability of sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Applicability of sanctions. 598.201 Section 598.201 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE... Prohibitions § 598.201 Applicability of sanctions. A specially designated narcotics trafficker is subject to...

  12. 31 CFR 598.201 - Applicability of sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Applicability of sanctions. 598.201 Section 598.201 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE... Prohibitions § 598.201 Applicability of sanctions. A specially designated narcotics trafficker is subject to...

  13. 31 CFR 598.201 - Applicability of sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Applicability of sanctions. 598.201 Section 598.201 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE... Prohibitions § 598.201 Applicability of sanctions. A specially designated narcotics trafficker is subject to...

  14. 31 CFR 598.201 - Applicability of sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Applicability of sanctions. 598.201 Section 598.201 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE... Prohibitions § 598.201 Applicability of sanctions. A specially designated narcotics trafficker is subject to...

  15. 31 CFR 598.201 - Applicability of sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Applicability of sanctions. 598.201 Section 598.201 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE... Prohibitions § 598.201 Applicability of sanctions. A specially designated narcotics trafficker is subject to...

  16. 45 CFR 98.92 - Penalties and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Penalties and sanctions. 98.92 Section 98.92 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION CHILD CARE AND DEVELOPMENT FUND Monitoring, Non-compliance and Complaints § 98.92 Penalties and sanctions. (a) Upon a final...

  17. Employer Sanctions in Europe. CIS Paper 3.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Miller, Mark J.; Lovell, Malcolm R., Jr.

    This booklet contains two papers on Western European countries' attempt to deal with illegal immigration through employer sanctions. In "Deterrence without Discrimination," Mark J. Miller discusses the sanctions employed by France and the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). Evidence from the early years of enforcement reveals that due to…

  18. The Timing and Accumulation of Judicial Sanctions among Drug Court Clients

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McRee, Nick; Drapela, Laurie A.

    2012-01-01

    Judicial sanctions are used by drug courts to encourage clients to comply with program requirements. However, few studies have explored the application of sanctions in drug courts or the relationship between sanctions and drug court graduation. This article reports the results of a study of sanctions as applied in a drug court in southwest…

  19. 42 CFR 438.730 - Sanction by CMS: Special rules for MCOs

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Sanction by CMS: Special rules for MCOs 438.730... SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS MANAGED CARE Sanctions § 438.730 Sanction by CMS: Special rules for MCOs (a) Basis for sanction. (1) A State agency may recommend that CMS impose the denial of...

  20. 28 CFR 115.378 - Interventions and disciplinary sanctions for residents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Interventions and disciplinary sanctions... Interventions and disciplinary sanctions for residents. (a) A resident may be subject to disciplinary sanctions... offers therapy, counseling, or other interventions designed to address and correct underlying reasons or...

  1. 28 CFR 115.378 - Interventions and disciplinary sanctions for residents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Interventions and disciplinary sanctions... Interventions and disciplinary sanctions for residents. (a) A resident may be subject to disciplinary sanctions... offers therapy, counseling, or other interventions designed to address and correct underlying reasons or...

  2. 28 CFR 115.378 - Interventions and disciplinary sanctions for residents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Interventions and disciplinary sanctions... Interventions and disciplinary sanctions for residents. (a) A resident may be subject to disciplinary sanctions... offers therapy, counseling, or other interventions designed to address and correct underlying reasons or...

  3. Soviet Military Power

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-04-01

    The Soviet build-up is made possible by a national policy that has con - sistently made military materiel production its highest economic priority...classes of consumable supplies and war reserve equipment available in the USSR, as well as transport, repair and con - struction units. It includes a...the Soviet military establishment r and to the continuing growth and moderniza-tion of Soviet military power. The CPSU con .-..•_"" trols military

  4. 42 CFR 1004.110 - Notice of sanction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... effective date and, if appropriate, the duration of the exclusion; (4) The appeal rights of the practitioner... date on which the OIG will accept a request for reinstatement. (d) Patient notification. (1)(i) The OIG... patients of the sanction action. In order to elect this option, the sanctioned practitioner or other person...

  5. 42 CFR 1004.110 - Notice of sanction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... effective date and, if appropriate, the duration of the exclusion; (4) The appeal rights of the practitioner... date on which the OIG will accept a request for reinstatement. (d) Patient notification. (1)(i) The OIG... patients of the sanction action. In order to elect this option, the sanctioned practitioner or other person...

  6. 42 CFR 1004.110 - Notice of sanction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... effective date and, if appropriate, the duration of the exclusion; (4) The appeal rights of the practitioner... date on which the OIG will accept a request for reinstatement. (d) Patient notification. (1)(i) The OIG... patients of the sanction action. In order to elect this option, the sanctioned practitioner or other person...

  7. 42 CFR 1004.110 - Notice of sanction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... effective date and, if appropriate, the duration of the exclusion; (4) The appeal rights of the practitioner... date on which the OIG will accept a request for reinstatement. (d) Patient notification. (1)(i) The OIG... patients of the sanction action. In order to elect this option, the sanctioned practitioner or other person...

  8. 42 CFR 1004.110 - Notice of sanction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... effective date and, if appropriate, the duration of the exclusion; (4) The appeal rights of the practitioner... date on which the OIG will accept a request for reinstatement. (d) Patient notification. (1)(i) The OIG... patients of the sanction action. In order to elect this option, the sanctioned practitioner or other person...

  9. On sanction-goal justifications: How and why deterrence justifications undermine rule compliance.

    PubMed

    Mooijman, Marlon; van Dijk, Wilco W; van Dijk, Eric; Ellemers, Naomi

    2017-04-01

    Authorities frequently justify their sanctions as attempts to deter people from rule breaking. Although providing a sanction justification seems appealing and harmless, we propose that a deterrence justification decreases the extent to which sanctions are effective in promoting rule compliance. We develop a theoretical model that specifies how and why this occurs. Consistent with our model, 5 experiments demonstrated that-compared with sanctions provided without a justification or sanctions provided with a just-deserts justification-sanction effectiveness decreased when sanctions were justified as attempts to deter people from rule breaking. This effect was mediated by people feeling distrusted by the authority. We further demonstrated that (a) the degree to which deterrence fostered distrust was attenuated when the sanction was targeted at others (instead of the participant) and (b) the degree to which distrust undermined rule compliance was attenuated when the authority was perceived as legitimate. We discuss the practical implications for authorities tasked with promoting rule compliance, and the theoretical implications for the literature on sanctions, distrust, and rule compliance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

  10. Culturally sanctioned suicide: Euthanasia, seppuku, and terrorist martyrdom

    PubMed Central

    Pierre, Joseph M

    2015-01-01

    Suicide is one of the greatest concerns in psychiatric practice, with considerable efforts devoted to prevention. The psychiatric view of suicide tends to equate it with depression or other forms of mental illness. However, some forms of suicide occur independently of mental illness and within a framework of cultural sanctioning such that they aren’t regarded as suicide at all. Despite persistent taboos against suicide, euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide in the context of terminal illness is increasingly accepted as a way to preserve autonomy and dignity in the West. Seppuku, the ancient samurai ritual of suicide by self-stabbing, was long considered an honorable act of self-resolve such that despite the removal of cultural sanctioning, the rate of suicide in Japan remains high with suicide masquerading as seppuku still carried out both there and abroad. Suicide as an act of murder and terrorism is a practice currently popular with Islamic militants who regard it as martyrdom in the context of war. The absence of mental illness and the presence of cultural sanctioning do not mean that suicide should not be prevented. Culturally sanctioned suicide must be understood in terms of the specific motivations that underlie the choice of death over life. Efforts to prevent culturally sanctioned suicide must focus on alternatives to achieve similar ends and must ultimately be implemented within cultures to remove the sanctioning of self-destructive acts. PMID:25815251

  11. 6 CFR 5.35 - Sanctions and penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 6 Domestic Security 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Sanctions and penalties. 5.35 Section 5.35 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY DISCLOSURE OF RECORDS AND INFORMATION Privacy Act § 5.35 Sanctions and penalties. Under the provisions of the Privacy Act, 5 U.S.C. 552a...

  12. Impacts of international sanctions on Iranian pharmaceutical market

    PubMed Central

    2013-01-01

    Iran in recent decade faced several regional and international sanctions in foreign trade, financial and banking services. Iran national pharmaceutical industry has always played a major role in providing medicines to the Iranian patients. However, following the sanctions it has faced profound difficulties for importing of both finished products and pharmaceutical raw materials. Although medicines are exempted from sanctions, due to restriction on money transaction and proper insurance Iranian pharmaceutical companies have to pay cash in advance for imports of medicines and raw materials or to secure offshore funds at very high risks. Current situation in Iran pharmaceutical market confirms that the sanctions against Iran are affecting ordinary citizens and national health sector which resulted to reduction of availability of lifesaving medicines in the local market and has caused increasing pain and suffering for Iranian patients. PMID:23902642

  13. 42 CFR 480.142 - Disclosure of sanction reports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... (CONTINUED) QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ORGANIZATIONS ACQUISITION, PROTECTION, AND DISCLOSURE OF QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ORGANIZATION INFORMATION Utilization and Quality Control Quality Improvement Organizations (QIOs) Disclosure of Confidential Information § 480.142 Disclosure of sanction reports. (a) The QIO must disclose sanction reports...

  14. 42 CFR 480.142 - Disclosure of sanction reports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... (CONTINUED) QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ORGANIZATIONS ACQUISITION, PROTECTION, AND DISCLOSURE OF QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ORGANIZATION INFORMATION Utilization and Quality Control Quality Improvement Organizations (QIOs) Disclosure of Confidential Information § 480.142 Disclosure of sanction reports. (a) The QIO must disclose sanction reports...

  15. 42 CFR 480.142 - Disclosure of sanction reports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... (CONTINUED) QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ORGANIZATIONS ACQUISITION, PROTECTION, AND DISCLOSURE OF QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ORGANIZATION INFORMATION Utilization and Quality Control Quality Improvement Organizations (QIOs) Disclosure of Confidential Information § 480.142 Disclosure of sanction reports. (a) The QIO must disclose sanction reports...

  16. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-10-15

    clarifying that it is the responsibility of the Treasury Department to implement those ISA sanctions that involve the financial sector , including bans on...international investment in Iran’s energy sector ; the provision of trade credits to Iran; or all financial dealings with Iranian banks. Table 1...various U.N. resolutions. November 21, 2011: Treasury Department names Iranian financial sector as a jurisdiction of primary money laundering

  17. 15 CFR 904.302 - Notice of permit sanction (NOPS).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... (Continued) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE GENERAL REGULATIONS CIVIL PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials General § 904.302 Notice of permit sanction (NOPS). (a) A NOPS will...

  18. 15 CFR 904.302 - Notice of permit sanction (NOPS).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... (Continued) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE GENERAL REGULATIONS CIVIL PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials General § 904.302 Notice of permit sanction (NOPS). (a) A NOPS will...

  19. 15 CFR 904.301 - Bases for permit sanctions or denials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Bases for permit sanctions or denials... PROCEDURES Permit Sanctions and Denials General § 904.301 Bases for permit sanctions or denials. (a) Unless... under this subpart with respect to any permit issued under the statutes cited in § 904.1(c). The bases...

  20. Economic Value of Army Foreign Military Sales

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-12-01

    12 2. Direct Commercial Sales vs. Foreign Military Sales .....................15 3...the final bill to the customer, and the DSCA sends a closure certificate to DFAS. 2. Direct Commercial Sales vs. Foreign Military Sales Direct ...is defined as the “coproduction, licensed production, countertrade, subcontracting, and technology transfer—mandated by foreign governments as a

  1. 24 CFR 206.201 - Mortgage servicing generally; sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ..., including 2 CFR part 2424 (Debarment, Suspension, and Limited Denial of Participation), and part 25 of this...; sanctions. 206.201 Section 206.201 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban... generally; sanctions. (a) General. This subpart identifies servicing practices that the Secretary considers...

  2. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-04-04

    Proliferation Act) authorizes sanctions on foreign persons (individuals or corporations , not countries or governments ) that are determined by the...the German government to order it closed.43 Foreign Companies Exiting the Iran Market Neither the U.S. ban on trade and investment with Iran, nor...and should try to isolate Iran from the international financial system. The energy sector provides about 80% of government revenues. Iran’s large

  3. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-05-07

    funds the sale to Iran of Indian wheat, pharmaceuticals, rice, sugar , soybeans, auto parts, and other products. Still, there is a large trade...the Persian Gulf coast Sinopec up to $6 billion if new refinery is built Oct. 2009 South Pars Gas Field—Phases 6-8, Gas Sweetening Plant...petrochemical products from Iran. - Niksima Food and Beverage JLT for receiving payments on behalf of Jam Petrochemical Iran Sanctions Congressional

  4. Sanctions for Sex Offenders: Fear and Public Policy

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Comartin, Erin B.; Kernsmith, Poco D.; Kernsmith, Roger M.

    2009-01-01

    This study investigated public attitudes regarding sex offender sanctions through telephone surveys (n = 703). The greatest support was for residency and work restrictions. There was less support for publication of names in a newspaper, curfews, life in prison, and castration. Support for nonsevere sanctions correlated with socioeconomic status,…

  5. 15 CFR 280.202 - Penalties, remedies, and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Penalties, remedies, and sanctions. 280.202 Section 280.202 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade... PROGRAMS FASTENER QUALITY Enforcement § 280.202 Penalties, remedies, and sanctions. (a) Civil remedies. The...

  6. 41 CFR 60-250.66 - Sanctions and penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Sanctions and penalties. 60-250.66 Section 60-250.66 Public Contracts and Property Management Other Provisions Relating to... PROTECTED VETERANS General Enforcement and Complaint Procedures § 60-250.66 Sanctions and penalties. (a...

  7. 41 CFR 60-250.66 - Sanctions and penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 1 2011-07-01 2009-07-01 true Sanctions and penalties. 60-250.66 Section 60-250.66 Public Contracts and Property Management Other Provisions Relating to... PROTECTED VETERANS General Enforcement and Complaint Procedures § 60-250.66 Sanctions and penalties. (a...

  8. 41 CFR 60-250.66 - Sanctions and penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Sanctions and penalties. 60-250.66 Section 60-250.66 Public Contracts and Property Management Other Provisions Relating to... PROTECTED VETERANS General Enforcement and Complaint Procedures § 60-250.66 Sanctions and penalties. (a...

  9. 41 CFR 60-250.66 - Sanctions and penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 1 2012-07-01 2009-07-01 true Sanctions and penalties. 60-250.66 Section 60-250.66 Public Contracts and Property Management Other Provisions Relating to... PROTECTED VETERANS General Enforcement and Complaint Procedures § 60-250.66 Sanctions and penalties. (a...

  10. 42 CFR 1004.90 - Basis for recommended sanction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Basis for recommended sanction. 1004.90 Section 1004.90 Public Health OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL-HEALTH CARE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES OIG AUTHORITIES IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS ON HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONERS AND PROVIDERS OF HEALTH CARE...

  11. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-01-26

    corporations , not countries or governments ) that are determined by the Administration to have assisted Iran’s WMD programs. It bans U.S...that bank as one of Iran’s few remaining access points to the European financial system and had asked the German government to order it closed.41...nuclear talks in the hopes of reversing the oil export-related sanctions being implemented. The energy sector provides nearly 70% of Iran’s government

  12. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-02-10

    Korea-Syria Non- Proliferation Act (INKSNA) authorizes sanctions on foreign persons (individuals or corporations , not countries or governments ) that...financial system and had asked the German government to order it closed.42 On May 23, 2011, the EU named EIH and about 100 other entities as Iran...The energy sector provides nearly 70% of Iran’s government revenues. Iran’s alarm stems from the potential loss of oil sales as a result of: • A

  13. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-04-02

    currency and can use it to buy rials—or services denominated in rials—cheaply. • These difficulties—shipping, currency devaluation , and others—have...increasingly trading through barter arrangements rather than hard currency exchange. The pullout from Iran by major international firms has slowed Iran’s...countries to the concept of sanctioning Iran’s Central Bank was based on humanitarian grounds. One of the Central Bank’s roles is to keep Iran’s currency

  14. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-04-26

    can use it to buy rials—or services denominated in rials—cheaply. • These difficulties—shipping, currency devaluation , and others—have driven up the...increasingly trading through barter arrangements rather than hard currency exchange. The pullout from Iran by major international firms has slowed Iran’s...countries to the concept of sanctioning Iran’s Central Bank was based on humanitarian grounds. One of the Central Bank’s roles is to keep Iran’s currency

  15. What Deters Crime? Comparing the Effectiveness of Legal, Social, and Internal Sanctions Across Countries.

    PubMed

    Mann, Heather; Garcia-Rada, Ximena; Hornuf, Lars; Tafurt, Juan

    2016-01-01

    The question of what deters crime is of both theoretical and practical interest. The present paper focuses on what factors deter minor, non-violent crimes, i.e., dishonest actions that violate the law. Much research has been devoted to testing the effectiveness of legal sanctions on crime, while newer models also include social sanctions (judgment of friends or family) and internal sanctions (feelings of guilt). Existing research suggests that both internal sanctions and, to a lesser extent, legal sanctions deter crime, but it is unclear whether this pattern is unique to Western countries or robust across cultures. We administered a survey study to participants in China, Colombia, Germany, Portugal, and USA, five countries from distinct cultural regions of the world. Participants were asked to report the likelihood of engaging in seven dishonest and illegal actions, and were asked to indicate the probability and severity of consequences for legal, friend, family, and internal sanctions. Results indicated that across countries, internal sanctions had the strongest deterrent effects on crime. The deterrent effects of legal sanctions were weaker and varied across countries. Furthermore, the deterrent effects of legal sanctions were strongest when internal sanctions were lax. Unexpectedly, social sanctions were positively related to likelihood of engaging in crime. Taken together, these results suggest that the relative strengths of legal and internal sanctions are robust across cultures and dishonest actions.

  16. What Deters Crime? Comparing the Effectiveness of Legal, Social, and Internal Sanctions Across Countries

    PubMed Central

    Mann, Heather; Garcia-Rada, Ximena; Hornuf, Lars; Tafurt, Juan

    2016-01-01

    The question of what deters crime is of both theoretical and practical interest. The present paper focuses on what factors deter minor, non-violent crimes, i.e., dishonest actions that violate the law. Much research has been devoted to testing the effectiveness of legal sanctions on crime, while newer models also include social sanctions (judgment of friends or family) and internal sanctions (feelings of guilt). Existing research suggests that both internal sanctions and, to a lesser extent, legal sanctions deter crime, but it is unclear whether this pattern is unique to Western countries or robust across cultures. We administered a survey study to participants in China, Colombia, Germany, Portugal, and USA, five countries from distinct cultural regions of the world. Participants were asked to report the likelihood of engaging in seven dishonest and illegal actions, and were asked to indicate the probability and severity of consequences for legal, friend, family, and internal sanctions. Results indicated that across countries, internal sanctions had the strongest deterrent effects on crime. The deterrent effects of legal sanctions were weaker and varied across countries. Furthermore, the deterrent effects of legal sanctions were strongest when internal sanctions were lax. Unexpectedly, social sanctions were positively related to likelihood of engaging in crime. Taken together, these results suggest that the relative strengths of legal and internal sanctions are robust across cultures and dishonest actions. PMID:26903898

  17. 3 CFR 13590 - Executive Order 13590 of November 20, 2011. Authorizing the Imposition of Certain Sanctions With...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq... Executive Order 12957 of March 15, 1995, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, hereby... United States and in which the sanctioned person has any interest; (iii) prohibit any transfers of credit...

  18. 3 CFR 13574 - Executive Order 13574 of May 23, 2011. Authorizing the Implementation of Certain Sanctions Set...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (IEEPA), the... 12957 of March 15, 1995, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, hereby order... in which the ISA-sanctioned person has any interest; (iii) with respect to section 6(a)(7) of ISA...

  19. 29 CFR 501.16 - Sanctions and remedies-general.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Sanctions and remedies-general. 501.16 Section 501.16 Labor... IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY ACT Enforcement § 501.16 Sanctions and remedies—general. Whenever the WHD... for up to 3 years. (2) The remedies referenced in paragraph (a)(1) of this section will be sought...

  20. 29 CFR 501.16 - Sanctions and remedies-general.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sanctions and remedies-general. 501.16 Section 501.16 Labor... IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY ACT Enforcement § 501.16 Sanctions and remedies—general. Whenever the WHD... for up to 3 years. (2) The remedies referenced in paragraph (a)(1) of this section will be sought...

  1. Translations on USSR Military Affairs, Number 1319

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1977-12-22

    basis of military economics. As is known, the modern scientific and technological revolution has strengthened even more the dependence of war and...investment spheres of an academy’s graduates must also be consider- ed The teaching of political and military economies would border on enlight - enment...dynamics of its military, economic, scientific and technological potential without mastering the changes in the industrial structure of physical

  2. Selection for protection in an ant–plant mutualism: host sanctions, host modularity, and the principal–agent game

    PubMed Central

    Edwards, David P; Hassall, Mark; Sutherland, William J; Yu, Douglas W

    2005-01-01

    Retaliation against cheaters can prevent the breakdown of cooperation. Here we ask whether the ant–plant Cordia nodosa is able to apply retaliatory sanctions against its ant symbiont Allomerus octoarticulatus, which patrols new shoots to prevent herbivory. We test the hypothesis that the modular design of C. nodosa physiologically ties the growth of housing (stem swellings known as domatia) to the successful development of the attached leaves. We experimentally simulated herbivory by cutting leaves from patrolled shoots and found that the domatia on such ‘cheated’ shoots suffered higher mortality and lower growth than did controls, evidence for a host sanction. On the other hand, patrolling is costly to the ant, and experiment shows that non-patrollers run a low risk of being sanctioned because most leaves (and the attached domatia) escape heavy herbivory even when patrollers are absent. This suggests that cheaters might enjoy a higher fitness than do mutualists, despite sanctions, but we find that patrolling provides a net fecundity benefit when the colony and plant exceed a minimum size, which requires sustained ant investment in patrolling. These results map directly onto the principal–agent (P–A) game from economics, which we suggest can be used as a framework for studying stability in mutualisms, where high sampling costs and cheating do not allow market effects to select for mutual benefits. PMID:16537131

  3. Selection for protection in an ant-plant mutualism: host sanctions, host modularity, and the principal-agent game.

    PubMed

    Edwards, David P; Hassall, Mark; Sutherland, William J; Yu, Douglas W

    2006-03-07

    Retaliation against cheaters can prevent the breakdown of cooperation. Here we ask whether the ant-plant Cordia nodosa is able to apply retaliatory sanctions against its ant symbiont Allomerus octoarticulatus, which patrols new shoots to prevent herbivory. We test the hypothesis that the modular design of C. nodosa physiologically ties the growth of housing (stem swellings known as domatia) to the successful development of the attached leaves. We experimentally simulated herbivory by cutting leaves from patrolled shoots and found that the domatia on such 'cheated' shoots suffered higher mortality and lower growth than did controls, evidence for a host sanction. On the other hand, patrolling is costly to the ant, and experiment shows that non-patrollers run a low risk of being sanctioned because most leaves (and the attached domatia) escape heavy herbivory even when patrollers are absent. This suggests that cheaters might enjoy a higher fitness than do mutualists, despite sanctions, but we find that patrolling provides a net fecundity benefit when the colony and plant exceed a minimum size, which requires sustained ant investment in patrolling. These results map directly onto the principal-agent (P-A) game from economics, which we suggest can be used as a framework for studying stability in mutualisms, where high sampling costs and cheating do not allow market effects to select for mutual benefits.

  4. Iran Sanctions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-07-09

    partners, Gazprom of Russia and Petronas of Malaysia to develop phases 2 and 3 of the 25-phase South Pars gas field. The EU pledged to increase cooperation...their investments to other companies. On July 12, 2008, Total and Petronas , the original South Pars investors, pulled out of a deal to develop a...not exceed the $20 million in one year threshold for ISA sanctionability. Since the Total/ Petronas /Gazprom project in 1998, no projects have been

  5. Impact of tax sanctions on physician practice acquisitions and employment.

    PubMed

    Hardy, C T; Lyden, S M; Kasmarcak, S J

    1997-07-01

    The intermediate tax sanctions create significant concerns for tax-exempt healthcare organizations that seek to integrate practicing physicians through practice acquisition or employment. The sanctions will force not-for-profit healthcare organizations to examine both the strategic and business implications of the dollars they have committed to practice acquisition and physician employment. The sanctions also should motivate organizations to reexamine their existing physician compensation arrangements, which may be creating negative incentives for practice productivity.

  6. 42 CFR 488.320 - Sanctions for inadequate survey performance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Sanctions for inadequate survey performance. 488... HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION SURVEY, CERTIFICATION, AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES Survey and Certification of Long-Term Care Facilities § 488.320 Sanctions for inadequate survey...

  7. 40 CFR 1610.2 - Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings. 1610.2 Section 1610.2 Protection of Environment CHEMICAL SAFETY AND HAZARD INVESTIGATION BOARD ADMINISTRATIVE INVESTIGATIONS § 1610.2 Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings. (a...

  8. 40 CFR 1610.2 - Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 34 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings. 1610.2 Section 1610.2 Protection of Environment CHEMICAL SAFETY AND HAZARD INVESTIGATION BOARD ADMINISTRATIVE INVESTIGATIONS § 1610.2 Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings. (a...

  9. 40 CFR 1610.2 - Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings. 1610.2 Section 1610.2 Protection of Environment CHEMICAL SAFETY AND HAZARD INVESTIGATION BOARD ADMINISTRATIVE INVESTIGATIONS § 1610.2 Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings. (a...

  10. 40 CFR 1610.2 - Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings. 1610.2 Section 1610.2 Protection of Environment CHEMICAL SAFETY AND HAZARD INVESTIGATION BOARD ADMINISTRATIVE INVESTIGATIONS § 1610.2 Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings. (a...

  11. 40 CFR 1610.2 - Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 34 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings. 1610.2 Section 1610.2 Protection of Environment CHEMICAL SAFETY AND HAZARD INVESTIGATION BOARD ADMINISTRATIVE INVESTIGATIONS § 1610.2 Repeated attorney misconduct, sanctions, hearings. (a...

  12. Sanctions as a tactic used in partner conflicts: theoretical, operational, and preliminary findings.

    PubMed

    Winstok, Zeev; Smadar-Dror, Ronit

    2015-07-01

    Partner sanction in this study is a form/tactic of violence, much like verbal and physical violence, which partners use toward each other during their conflicts. The partner sanction embodies a temporary deprivation of a mutually agreed-on right. The purpose of this study is to develop a theoretical and operational framework of sanctions partners use. The study sampled 74 heterosexual couples from the general population (148 male and female participants). The findings support the validity and reliability of the sanction measurement. Furthermore, findings indicate that the use of sanctions between partners is highly prevalent among men and women in the general population; that the more one partner uses sanctions, the more the other partner uses it; and that sanctions are strongly associated with other violent tactics partners use in their conflict (i.e., verbal and physical). Theoretical and empirical implications of the theoretical framework and the findings are discussed, including the role of sanctions in partner conflicts that escalate to severe forms of violence. © The Author(s) 2014.

  13. Centralized sanctioning and legitimate authority promote cooperation in humans.

    PubMed

    Baldassarri, Delia; Grossman, Guy

    2011-07-05

    Social sanctioning is widely considered a successful strategy to promote cooperation among humans. In situations in which individual and collective interests are at odds, incentives to free-ride induce individuals to refrain from contributing to public goods provision. Experimental evidence from public goods games shows that when endowed with sanctioning powers, conditional cooperators can discipline defectors, thus leading to greater levels of cooperation. However, extant evidence is based on peer punishment institutions, whereas in complex societies, systems of control are often centralized: for instance, we do not sanction our neighbors for driving too fast, the police do. Here we show the effect of centralized sanctioning and legitimate authority on cooperation. We designed an adaptation of the public goods game in which sanctioning power is given to a single monitor, and we experimentally manipulated the process by which the monitor is chosen. To increase the external validity of the study, we conducted lab-in-the-field experiments involving 1,543 Ugandan farmers from 50 producer cooperatives. This research provides evidence of the effectiveness of centralized sanctioning and demonstrates the causal effect of legitimacy on cooperation: participants are more responsive to the authority of an elected monitor than a randomly chosen monitor. Our essay contributes to the literature on the evolution of cooperation by introducing the idea of role differentiation. In complex societies, cooperative behavior is not only sustained by mechanisms of selection and reciprocity among peers, but also by the legitimacy that certain actors derive from their position in the social hierarchy.

  14. Effects of Military Development on Economic Growth in North and South Korea, 1945-1980.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1981-12-01

    Khruschev’s de -Stalinization campaign and peaceful coexistence policy, coupled with China’s increasing economic and military strength, influenced North Korea...Soviet-North Korean relations. Khruschev’s de -Stalinization policy was considered an attack against any personality cult--which put Kim and Mao under...attack. Kim II-sung’s refusal to accept de -Stalinization, and his pursuit of an independent political course severely strained Soviet- lorth Korean

  15. 16 CFR 5.67 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Disciplinary Actions Concerning Postemployment Conflict of Interest § 5.67 Sanctions. In the case of any...), the Commission may order such disciplinary action as it deems warranted, including: (a) Reprimand; (b...

  16. Non-sanctioning of illegal tackles in South African youth community rugby.

    PubMed

    Brown, J C; Boucher, S J; Lambert, M; Viljoen, W; Readhead, C; Hendricks, S; Kraak, W J

    2018-06-01

    The tackle event in rugby union ('rugby') contributes to the majority of players' injuries. Referees can reduce this risk by sanctioning dangerous tackles. A study in elite adult rugby suggests that referees only sanction a minority of illegal tackles. The aim of this study was to assess if this finding was similar in youth community rugby. Observational study. Using EncodePro, 99 South African Rugby Union U18 Youth Week tournament matches were coded between 2011 and 2015. All tackles were coded by a researcher and an international referee to ensure that laws were interpreted correctly. The inter- and intra-rater reliabilities were 0.97-1.00. A regression analysis compared the non-sanctioned rates over time. In total, 12 216 tackles were coded, of which less than 1% (n=113) were 'illegal'. The majority of the 113 illegal tackles were front-on (75%), high tackles (72%) and occurred in the 2nd/4th quarters (29% each). Of the illegal tackles, only 59% were sanctioned. The proportions of illegal tackles and sanctioning of these illegal tackles to all tackles improved by 0.2% per year from 2011-2015 (p<0.05). In these youth community rugby players, 59% of illegal tackles were not sanctioned appropriately. This was better than a previous study in elite adult rugby, where only 7% of illegal tackles were penalised. Moreover, the rates of illegal tackles and non-sanctioned illegal tackles both improved over time. However, it is critical that referees consistently enforce all laws to enhance injury prevention efforts. Further studies should investigate the reasons for non-sanctioning. Copyright © 2017 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. Iraq challenges sanctions, offers 4.5 million b/d developable capacity

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Stauffer, T.R.

    1995-04-10

    The prospective oil deals of the century were unveiled last month in Baghdad at the unlikely venue of the first international oil conference in Iraq in decades. In a dramatic twist Iraq detailed 33 oil fields that are now open for joint development with foreign partners. The productive capacity of the listed fields totals some 4.5 million b/d, and the underlying proved reserves exceed 50 billion bbl--equal to more than US and Canadian reserves combined. Reversing its prior compulsive secretiveness concerning oil affairs, the government cleared at the highest level the proposal to publicize the available resources and to offermore » corroborative detail. ``Four and a half million b/d is an awful lot of oil,`` noted one foreign oilman who was loath to be quoted because his company feared possible reprisals in the US. The economic bait was both clear and enticing. Iraq chose the public forum to signal to the world the gains that could accrue to the first countries that break with the US over continuing the sanctions. The paper discusses the political impacts, the substantial offerings, exploitation costs, and bypassing sanctions.« less

  18. 13 CFR 142.27 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 142.27 Section 142.27 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS Hearing Provisions § 142.27 Are there sanctions for misconduct? The ALJ may...

  19. 13 CFR 142.27 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 142.27 Section 142.27 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS Hearing Provisions § 142.27 Are there sanctions for misconduct? The ALJ may...

  20. 13 CFR 142.27 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 142.27 Section 142.27 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS Hearing Provisions § 142.27 Are there sanctions for misconduct? The ALJ may...

  1. 13 CFR 142.27 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 142.27 Section 142.27 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS Hearing Provisions § 142.27 Are there sanctions for misconduct? The ALJ may...

  2. 13 CFR 142.27 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 142.27 Section 142.27 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS Hearing Provisions § 142.27 Are there sanctions for misconduct? The ALJ may...

  3. 42 CFR 3.530 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    .... The sanctions must reasonably relate to the severity and nature of the failure or misconduct. The... otherwise supporting a particular claim or defense; (c) Striking pleadings, in whole or in part; (d) Staying...

  4. 45 CFR 160.530 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    .... The sanctions must reasonably relate to the severity and nature of the failure or misconduct. The... otherwise supporting a particular claim or defense; (c) Striking pleadings, in whole or in part; (d) Staying...

  5. 42 CFR 1005.14 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... hearing. Such sanctions will reasonably relate to the severity and nature of the failure or misconduct... otherwise supporting a particular claim or defense; (3) Striking pleadings, in whole or in part; (4) Staying...

  6. 42 CFR 423.750 - Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money... BENEFIT Intermediate Sanctions § 423.750 Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties. (a... Medicare beneficiaries by a Part D plan sponsor. (b) CMS may impose civil money penalties as specified in...

  7. 42 CFR 423.750 - Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money... BENEFIT Intermediate Sanctions § 423.750 Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties. (a... Medicare beneficiaries by a Part D plan sponsor. (b) CMS may impose civil money penalties as specified in...

  8. 12 CFR 308.108 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... PROCEDURE Rules of Practice Before the FDIC and Standards of Conduct § 308.108 Sanctions. (a) General rule... following: (1) Issuing an order against the party; (2) Rejecting or striking any testimony or documentary...

  9. 20 CFR 498.214 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... to the severity and nature of the failure or misconduct. Such sanction may include— (1) In the case... claim or defense; (3) Striking pleadings, in whole or in part; (4) Staying the proceedings; (5...

  10. 49 CFR 31.29 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... section. Any such sanction shall reasonably relate to the severity and nature of the failure or misconduct... upon, testimony relating to the information sought; and (4) Strike any part of the pleadings or other...

  11. How Has Saddam Hussein Survived? Economic Sanctions, 1990-1993

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-08-01

    Christy Campbell and Adrian Porter of the Lonmon Sunday Telegraph, Washington Times, 16 March 1992. The issue of who is counterfeiting Iraqi money ...ItkdIi k ( i . I ! T i ’it I ’’ I t\\IIIý, I ), I 11 1 11 r 11 111 i 1 111 1 11 t h~lVHA l uv im lt N \\ iA r~ wA W~lild lt l ’ III\\ ’ I lit’ IN l not...8217 charging high prices at the same time the government increases wages (especially to the military) which it can pay for only by printing money . 30. 1999

  12. 24 CFR 266.125 - Scope and nature of sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Scope and nature of sanctions. 266... Housing Finance Agency Requirements § 266.125 Scope and nature of sanctions. (a) Actions by Designated Office. Depending on the nature and extent of the noncompliance with the requirements of this part, the...

  13. 32 CFR 1656.11 - Job performance standards and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Job performance standards and sanctions. 1656.11... ALTERNATIVE SERVICE § 1656.11 Job performance standards and sanctions. (a) Standards of Performance. An ASW is... employer of his other employees in similar jobs. If there are no other employees, the standards shall...

  14. 32 CFR 1656.11 - Job performance standards and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Job performance standards and sanctions. 1656.11... ALTERNATIVE SERVICE § 1656.11 Job performance standards and sanctions. (a) Standards of Performance. An ASW is... employer of his other employees in similar jobs. If there are no other employees, the standards shall...

  15. 32 CFR 1656.11 - Job performance standards and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Job performance standards and sanctions. 1656.11... ALTERNATIVE SERVICE § 1656.11 Job performance standards and sanctions. (a) Standards of Performance. An ASW is... employer of his other employees in similar jobs. If there are no other employees, the standards shall...

  16. 32 CFR 1656.11 - Job performance standards and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Job performance standards and sanctions. 1656.11... ALTERNATIVE SERVICE § 1656.11 Job performance standards and sanctions. (a) Standards of Performance. An ASW is... employer of his other employees in similar jobs. If there are no other employees, the standards shall...

  17. 45 CFR 681.31 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 681.31 Section... misconduct? (a) The ALJ may sanction a person, including any party or representative, for failing to comply with an order, or for engaging in other misconduct that interferes with the speedy, orderly, and fair...

  18. 45 CFR 681.31 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 681.31 Section... misconduct? (a) The ALJ may sanction a person, including any party or representative, for failing to comply with an order, or for engaging in other misconduct that interferes with the speedy, orderly, and fair...

  19. 45 CFR 681.31 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 681.31 Section... misconduct? (a) The ALJ may sanction a person, including any party or representative, for failing to comply with an order, or for engaging in other misconduct that interferes with the speedy, orderly, and fair...

  20. 45 CFR 681.31 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 681.31 Section... misconduct? (a) The ALJ may sanction a person, including any party or representative, for failing to comply with an order, or for engaging in other misconduct that interferes with the speedy, orderly, and fair...

  1. 45 CFR 681.31 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 45 Public Welfare 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Are there sanctions for misconduct? 681.31 Section... misconduct? (a) The ALJ may sanction a person, including any party or representative, for failing to comply with an order, or for engaging in other misconduct that interferes with the speedy, orderly, and fair...

  2. 24 CFR 266.125 - Scope and nature of sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Scope and nature of sanctions. 266... Housing Finance Agency Requirements § 266.125 Scope and nature of sanctions. (a) Actions by Designated Office. Depending on the nature and extent of the noncompliance with the requirements of this part, the...

  3. 24 CFR 266.125 - Scope and nature of sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Scope and nature of sanctions. 266... Housing Finance Agency Requirements § 266.125 Scope and nature of sanctions. (a) Actions by Designated Office. Depending on the nature and extent of the noncompliance with the requirements of this part, the...

  4. 24 CFR 266.125 - Scope and nature of sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Scope and nature of sanctions. 266... Housing Finance Agency Requirements § 266.125 Scope and nature of sanctions. (a) Actions by Designated Office. Depending on the nature and extent of the noncompliance with the requirements of this part, the...

  5. 24 CFR 266.125 - Scope and nature of sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Scope and nature of sanctions. 266... Housing Finance Agency Requirements § 266.125 Scope and nature of sanctions. (a) Actions by Designated Office. Depending on the nature and extent of the noncompliance with the requirements of this part, the...

  6. Starvation of children in Syria--sanctions and the politics of revenge.

    PubMed

    Sen, Kasturi

    2014-01-01

    As Syria completes two years of western sanctions (2011-13), their dramatic effects on health are being highlighted with first reports of starvation deaths among children in the suburbs of Damascus. Although heavy fighting has taken place in this area, experts had predicted for some time the unworkability of sanctions for regime change, arguing that only civilians would pay the price in a country (Syria in this case) which was once well on the way to meeting the Millennium Development Goals 4 targets on reducing child mortality. In this, as in the case of other "sanctioned" countries, it is not just "civilians" but the most vulnerable among them--children, who are experiencing the tragic consequences of sanctions.

  7. Cyber Gray Space Deterrence

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-12-21

    the South China Sea or Eastern Ukraine, but they may cause more damage to U.S. economic and national security interests. Administration officials...cyberattacks to undermine U.S. economic and military security. Reports and strategies have been worried over but then ignored, and draft legislation...would not, for instance, be a great innovation for the United States to threaten economic sanctions against a state attacking through cyberspace. Thus

  8. Economic Sanctions: A Failing Instrument of United States Foreign Policy.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1992-04-01

    couldn’t achieve--a controlling share of the world’s oil market. 4 Saddam’s military machine was fundmental to his quest to gain and hold power, to...Four principles guide our policy. First, we seek the immediate, unconditional and complete withdrawal of all Iraqi forces from Kuwait. Second...determined to protect the lives of American citizens abroad." The interpretation of these principles or objectives would be the subject of continuous debate

  9. 42 CFR 422.750 - Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money... Intermediate Sanctions § 422.750 Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties. (a) The following... organization. (b) CMS may impose civil money penalties as specified in 422.760. [72 FR 68725, Dec. 5, 2007, as...

  10. 42 CFR 423.750 - Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money... Intermediate Sanctions § 423.750 Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties. (a) The following... by a Part D plan sponsor. (b) CMS may impose civil money penalties as specified in 423.760. [72 FR...

  11. 42 CFR 422.750 - Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money... Intermediate Sanctions § 422.750 Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties. (a) The following... organization. (b) CMS may impose civil money penalties as specified in 422.760. [72 FR 68725, Dec. 5, 2007, as...

  12. Mediatory myths in the U.S. military: tobacco use as “stress relief”

    PubMed Central

    Smith, Elizabeth A.; Malone, Ruth E.

    2013-01-01

    Purpose To examine perceptions of military personnel about tobacco use. Design Secondary analysis of a) focus group and b) interview data. Setting U.S. Military Subjects Total participants (n= 241): Enlisted personnel, supervisors (n=189 individuals participating in 23 focus groups), tobacco control managers, and policy leaders (n=52 interview participants). Intervention Not applicable. Measures Not applicable. Analysis Inductive, iterative coding for salient themes using an interpretive approach. Application of the concept of mediatory myths, used by institutions to cover over internal contradictions. Results All types of participants endorsed the idea that tobacco was needed in the military for stress relief. Types of stress identified included fitting in, (relationships with co-workers and superiors) and control of workflow (taking breaks). Participants also discussed beliefs about the impact of tobacco on the military mission, and institutional sanction of tobacco use. Conclusions Despite tobacco's well-documented negative effects on fitness, the myth that tobacco relieves stress serves several institutional functions in the military. It serves to minimize perceptions of stress on the fitness of personnel, suggests that stress can be managed solely by individuals, and institutionalizes tobacco use. Growing recognition among military leadership that countering stress is essential to fitness offers an opportunity to challenge this myth. PMID:24359178

  13. 45 CFR 150.455 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... severity and nature of the failure or action. (b) A sanction may include any of the following actions: (1... or defense. (3) Striking pleadings, in whole or in part. (4) Staying the case. (5) Dismissing the...

  14. Sanctions Connected to Dress Code Violations in Secondary School Handbooks

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Workman, Jane E.; Freeburg, Elizabeth W.; Lentz-Hees, Elizabeth S.

    2004-01-01

    This study identifies and evaluates sanctions for dress code violations in secondary school handbooks. Sanctions, or consequences for breaking rules, vary along seven interrelated dimensions: source, formality, retribution, obtrusiveness, magnitude, severity, and pervasiveness. A content analysis of handbooks from 155 public secondary schools…

  15. 3 CFR - Delegation of Certain Functions and Authorities Under the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Under the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 Presidential... Authorities Under the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 Memorandum for... the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended (Public Law 104-172, 50 U.S.C. 1701 note, as amended most...

  16. 20 CFR 633.322 - Sanctions for violation of the Act.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Sanctions for violation of the Act. 633.322 Section 633.322 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.322 Sanctions for...

  17. Alcohol Use and Drinking Motives among Sanctioned and Nonsanctioned Students

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Doumas, Diana M.

    2017-01-01

    This study examined differences in the relationship of drinking motives to drinking behavior among sanctioned and nonsanctioned 1st-year students (N = 298). Results of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that for both sanctioned and nonsanctioned students, alcohol use was predicted by social and enhancement motives, and alcohol-related…

  18. 14 CFR 17.49 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Sanctions. 17.49 Section 17.49 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PROCEDURAL RULES PROCEDURES... other actions as it deems necessary and in the interest of justice. ...

  19. 14 CFR 17.49 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Sanctions. 17.49 Section 17.49 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PROCEDURAL RULES PROCEDURES... other actions as it deems necessary and in the interest of justice. ...

  20. 14 CFR 17.49 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Sanctions. 17.49 Section 17.49 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PROCEDURAL RULES PROCEDURES... other actions as it deems necessary and in the interest of justice. ...

  1. 24 CFR 200.1530 - Bases for sanctioning a MAP lender.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Bases for sanctioning a MAP lender. 200.1530 Section 200.1530 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban...): MAP Lender Quality Assurance Enforcement § 200.1530 Bases for sanctioning a MAP lender. It is HUD...

  2. 24 CFR 200.1530 - Bases for sanctioning a MAP lender.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Bases for sanctioning a MAP lender. 200.1530 Section 200.1530 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban...): MAP Lender Quality Assurance Enforcement § 200.1530 Bases for sanctioning a MAP lender. It is HUD...

  3. 24 CFR 200.1530 - Bases for sanctioning a MAP lender.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Bases for sanctioning a MAP lender. 200.1530 Section 200.1530 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban...): MAP Lender Quality Assurance Enforcement § 200.1530 Bases for sanctioning a MAP lender. It is HUD...

  4. 24 CFR 200.1530 - Bases for sanctioning a MAP lender.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Bases for sanctioning a MAP lender. 200.1530 Section 200.1530 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban...): MAP Lender Quality Assurance Enforcement § 200.1530 Bases for sanctioning a MAP lender. It is HUD...

  5. 19 CFR 207.100 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Sanctions. 207.100 Section 207.100 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION NONADJUDICATIVE INVESTIGATIONS INVESTIGATIONS OF WHETHER INJURY TO DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES RESULTS FROM IMPORTS SOLD AT LESS THAN FAIR VALUE OR FROM SUBSIDIZED...

  6. 17 CFR 200.114 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Sanctions. 200.114 Section 200.114 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ORGANIZATION; CONDUCT AND ETHICS; AND INFORMATION AND REQUESTS Code of Behavior Governing Ex Parte Communications Between Persons...

  7. 17 CFR 200.114 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Sanctions. 200.114 Section 200.114 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ORGANIZATION; CONDUCT AND ETHICS; AND INFORMATION AND REQUESTS Code of Behavior Governing Ex Parte Communications Between Persons...

  8. 17 CFR 200.114 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Sanctions. 200.114 Section 200.114 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ORGANIZATION; CONDUCT AND ETHICS; AND INFORMATION AND REQUESTS Code of Behavior Governing Ex Parte Communications Between Persons...

  9. 17 CFR 200.114 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Sanctions. 200.114 Section 200.114 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ORGANIZATION; CONDUCT AND ETHICS; AND INFORMATION AND REQUESTS Code of Behavior Governing Ex Parte Communications Between Persons...

  10. 17 CFR 200.114 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Sanctions. 200.114 Section 200.114 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ORGANIZATION; CONDUCT AND ETHICS; AND INFORMATION AND REQUESTS Code of Behavior Governing Ex Parte Communications Between Persons...

  11. 77 FR 59034 - Persons on Whom Sanctions Have Been Imposed Under the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-25

    .... FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: On general issues: Christopher Backemeyer, Office of Sanction Policy... Venezuela S.A. (see Public Notice 7585, 76 FR 56866, September 14, 2011) --Royal Oyster Group (see Public...

  12. 76 FR 70544 - OFAC Implementation of Certain Sanctions Imposed on Seven Persons by the Secretary of State...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-14

    ... Sanctions Imposed on Seven Persons by the Secretary of State Pursuant to the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as... sanctions imposed on seven persons by the Secretary of State pursuant to the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Pub. L. 104-172) (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) (``ISA''), as amended by the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions...

  13. 77 FR 8957 - OFAC Implementation of Certain Sanctions Imposed on Three Persons by the Secretary of State...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-15

    ... Sanctions Imposed on Three Persons by the Secretary of State Pursuant to the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as... sanctions imposed on three persons by the Secretary of State pursuant to the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Pub. L. 104-172) (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) (``ISA''), as amended by the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions...

  14. EU-U.S. Economic Ties: Framework, Scope, and Magnitude

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-01-17

    role in the strong economic ties between them. Yet, the two sides differ in some significant policy areas, for example, the EU’s Common Agricultural ... Policy , conflicting competition policies, and the U.S. extraterritorial application of economic sanctions against Cuba and other countries. These

  15. EU-U.S. Economic Ties: Framework, Scope, and Magnitude

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-10-17

    in the strong economic ties between them. Yet, the two sides differ in some significant policy areas, for example, the EU’s Common Agricultural ... Policy , conflicting competition policies, and the U.S. extraterritorial application of economic sanctions against Cuba and other countries. These policy

  16. 10 CFR 501.181 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... ENERGY (CONTINUED) ALTERNATE FUELS ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SANCTIONS Investigations, Violations... for each violation: Any person who operates a powerplant or major fuel burning installation under an... (ii) Notice of noncompliance is a final Fuel Use Order issued under § 501.167 of this part. [46 FR...

  17. Sanctions for Reporters Who Refuse to Disclose Sources in Libel Cases.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mehra, Achal

    1983-01-01

    Notes that the courts have specific sanctions under the "Federal Rules of Civil Procedure" to ensure discovery in libel and invasion of privacy cases. Examines media-related cases in which courts have used these sanctions and relates them to nonmedia cases. (FL)

  18. The Returns to Military and Civilian Training.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Norrblom, Eva M.

    This report examines the economic effects of formal military vocational training and on-the-job training acquired while working in a military specialty. The hypothesis advanced is that investments in different types of military training have a significant effect on productivity and thus on wages if individuals are employed in civilian occupations…

  19. 22 CFR 62.50 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... exceed 20 pages in length, double-spaced and, if appropriate, may include additional documentary material... decision. Such statement may not exceed 20 pages in length, double-spaced and, if appropriate, may include... mitigation of the proposed sanction, or statement in response thereto, may not exceed 25 pages in length...

  20. 14 CFR 1264.128 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2011-01-01 2010-01-01 true Sanctions. 1264.128 Section 1264.128 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL... for admission, the presiding officer may— (1) Draw an inference in favor of the requesting party with...

  1. 5 CFR 185.131 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Sanctions. 185.131 Section 185.131 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES... admission, the ALJ may (1) Draw an inference in favor of the requesting party with regard to the information...

  2. 5 CFR 1201.43 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Sanctions. 1201.43 Section 1201.43 Administrative Personnel MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES PRACTICES AND PROCEDURES... fails to comply with an order, the judge may: (1) Draw an inference in favor of the requesting party...

  3. 5 CFR 1201.43 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Sanctions. 1201.43 Section 1201.43 Administrative Personnel MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES PRACTICES AND PROCEDURES... fails to comply with an order, the judge may: (1) Draw an inference in favor of the requesting party...

  4. Africa’s Militaries: A Missing Link in Democratic Transitions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-01-01

    This generates a political authority that can more effectively man- age and sustain security, as well as economic and social development . Legitimate...In Rwanda, the military grows, buys, processes, and exports commercial crops through a military-owned company.1 Military officers in An- gola ...practices are not only counterproductive to democratic governance, but also undermine stabil- ity, economic development , and even the interests of the

  5. 28 CFR 907.5 - Sanction adjudication.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... NONCRIMINAL JUSTICE PURPOSES § 907.5 Sanction adjudication. (a) A Compact Officer of the FBI or a Party State... XI(a) of the Compact. (c) Nothing prohibits the Compact Council from requesting the FBI to exercise...

  6. 28 CFR 907.5 - Sanction adjudication.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... NONCRIMINAL JUSTICE PURPOSES § 907.5 Sanction adjudication. (a) A Compact Officer of the FBI or a Party State... XI(a) of the Compact. (c) Nothing prohibits the Compact Council from requesting the FBI to exercise...

  7. 28 CFR 907.5 - Sanction adjudication.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... NONCRIMINAL JUSTICE PURPOSES § 907.5 Sanction adjudication. (a) A Compact Officer of the FBI or a Party State... XI(a) of the Compact. (c) Nothing prohibits the Compact Council from requesting the FBI to exercise...

  8. 28 CFR 907.5 - Sanction adjudication.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... NONCRIMINAL JUSTICE PURPOSES § 907.5 Sanction adjudication. (a) A Compact Officer of the FBI or a Party State... XI(a) of the Compact. (c) Nothing prohibits the Compact Council from requesting the FBI to exercise...

  9. 28 CFR 907.5 - Sanction adjudication.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... NONCRIMINAL JUSTICE PURPOSES § 907.5 Sanction adjudication. (a) A Compact Officer of the FBI or a Party State... XI(a) of the Compact. (c) Nothing prohibits the Compact Council from requesting the FBI to exercise...

  10. 75 FR 67025 - Delegation of Certain Functions and Authorities Under the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-11-01

    ... of Certain Functions and Authorities Under the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and...), 5(f), 6(a)(1), 6(a)(2), 6(b)(5), and 9(c) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended (Public Law 104-172, 50 U.S.C. 1701 note, as amended most recently by the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions...

  11. 78 FR 16571 - OFAC Implementation of Certain Sanctions Imposed on SYTROL by the Secretary of State Pursuant to...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-15

    ... Sanctions Imposed on SYTROL by the Secretary of State Pursuant to the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as Amended... sanctions imposed on SYTROL by the Secretary of State pursuant to the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Pub. L. 104-172) (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) (``ISA''), as amended by the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions...

  12. 42 CFR 1005.14 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Sanctions. 1005.14 Section 1005.14 Public Health... this part, drawing negative factual inferences or treating such refusal as an admission by deeming the... the proceedings; (5) Dismissal of the action; (6) Entering a decision by default; and (7) Refusing to...

  13. 15 CFR 764.3 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... MEASURES § 764.3 Sanctions. (a) Administrative. Violations of the EAA, the EAR, or any order, license or... each violation, and in the event that any provision of the EAR is continued by IEEPA or any other... persons to engage in export and reexport transactions involving items subject to the EAR, or that...

  14. The use of administrative sanctions to prevent environmental damage in impact assessment follow-ups.

    PubMed

    Garcia, Luiz Carlos; Fonseca, Alberto

    2018-08-01

    Scholars have long been highlighting the value of administrative sanctions in improving environmental policy enforcement. However, few studies have evaluated how such sanctions are implemented, particularly in the context of environmental impact assessments (EIA) and their respective follow-up programs. The main objective of this article was to evaluate how administrative sanctions have been used in EIA follow-ups, using the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais as the empirical context. More specifically it tried to understand what have been the main triggers, frequency, nature and financial values of the sanctions issued to noncompliant mining projects operating under the conditions of environmental licenses. First, through literature reviews, the study characterized the institutional and regulatory framework in which administrative sanctions are applied. Content analyzes of 29 infraction processes further revealed that lump sum fines are the preferred option of administrative sanction in EIA follow-ups. The analysis also revealed that the fines could be perceived as disproportionally small if one considers the size and financial power of non-compliant companies. The great majority of the fines were paid by developers: a fact that contradicts previous empirical findings and anecdotal evidence in Brazil. Overall, the study suggests that the impact of administrative sanctions in corporate behavior, while unclear, is likely small. The study concludes by discussing practical and academic implications. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  15. 76 FR 24410 - Financial Crimes Enforcement Network; Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-02

    ... Financial Crimes Enforcement Network; Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of... congressional mandate to prescribe regulations under section 104(e) of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions... financial institution designated by the U.S. Government in connection with Iran's proliferation of weapons...

  16. 22 CFR 62.50 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... of its recruitment or activity. (2) Within ten (10) days after service of the written notice to the... preceded by the imposition of any other sanction or notice. (2)(i) Within five (5) days after service of... ten (10) days after service of such written notice of intent to revoke designation, the sponsor may...

  17. 22 CFR 62.50 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... of its recruitment or activity. (2) Within ten (10) days after service of the written notice to the... preceded by the imposition of any other sanction or notice. (2)(i) Within five (5) days after service of... ten (10) days after service of such written notice of intent to revoke designation, the sponsor may...

  18. 15 CFR 764.3 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... MEASURES § 764.3 Sanctions. (a) Administrative. Violations of the EAA, the EAR, or any order, license or... violation, and in the event that any provision of the EAR is continued by IEEPA or any other authority, the... engage in export and reexport transactions involving items subject to the EAR, or that restricts access...

  19. 15 CFR 764.3 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... MEASURES § 764.3 Sanctions. (a) Administrative. Violations of the EAA, the EAR, or any order, license or... violation, and in the event that any provision of the EAR is continued by IEEPA or any other authority, the... engage in export and reexport transactions involving items subject to the EAR, or that restricts access...

  20. 15 CFR 764.3 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... MEASURES § 764.3 Sanctions. (a) Administrative. Violations of the EAA, the EAR, or any order, license or... violation, and in the event that any provision of the EAR is continued by IEEPA or any other authority, the... engage in export and reexport transactions involving items subject to the EAR, or that restricts access...

  1. 45 CFR 150.455 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... of a regulation, for abandonment of a case, or for other actions that interfere with the speedy... severity and nature of the failure or action. (b) A sanction may include any of the following actions: (1... case. (6) Entering a decision by default. (7) Refusing to consider any motion or other document that is...

  2. Economics and Markets

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Graham, Alan K.

    Economic matters are often entangled with interventions. Aid agencies need to understand where they can have the highest leverage, and where aid may cause harmful economic distortions. Humanitarian interventions in crises will be more effective if the economic and social root causes of the crisis are addressed as well. The root causes of insurgencies often include economic issues, particularly economic discrimination. Planners for military operations in a country need to know the economic side effects of military activities, including the effects of withdrawal. Government agencies trying to bring developed-nation investors into a developing country must understand, along with the potential investors, what the economic prospects of the economy are, and how safe an investment is (or is not). Economic modeling and analysis can assist in each of these cases.

  3. Putting polluters in jail: the imposition of criminal sanctions on corporate defendants under environmental statutes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Not Available

    1985-01-01

    Congress included criminal sanctions in several current environmental statutes in an attempt to punish those who jeopardize the public's health and well being by polluting. After exploring how criminal sanctions are actually employed by the courts against corporate defendants, the author argues that these sanctions are ineffective deterrents. Special problems which exist for the prosecutor or judge who attempts to invoke criminal sanctions against a corporate defendant raise questions about the feasibility and propriety of punishing the corporate entities and difficulties associated with proceeding against a corporate official or responsible individual within the corporate organization. The only way to makemore » the sanctions effective is to use them and to impose both fines and jail sentences on the guilty parties.« less

  4. 12 CFR 308.108 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... decision within the time period called for in this part 308, absent a finding: (1) That the delay resulted.... Appropriate sanctions may be imposed when any counsel or party has acted, or failed to act, in a manner... contemptuous conduct; (2) Has in a material way injured or prejudiced some other party in terms of substantive...

  5. 31 CFR 537.410 - Contracts and subcontracts regarding economic development of resources in Burma.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... economic development of resources in Burma. 537.410 Section 537.410 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations... BURMESE SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations § 537.410 Contracts and subcontracts regarding economic... supervision and guarantee of another person's performance of a contract that includes the economic development...

  6. 78 FR 35351 - Persons on Whom Sanctions Have Been Imposed Pursuant to the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-06-12

    ... FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: On general issues: Office of Sanctions Policy and Implementation, Department... Notice 7585, 76 FR 56866, September 14, 2011) --Petro[acute]leos de Venezuela S.A. (see Public Notice...

  7. 31 CFR 537.412 - Investments in entities involved in economic development projects in Burma.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... economic development projects in Burma. 537.412 Section 537.412 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations... BURMESE SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations § 537.412 Investments in entities involved in economic... economic development of resources located in Burma is prohibited by § 537.204 where the company's profits...

  8. 27 CFR 555.185 - Criminal sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Criminal sanctions. 555.185 Section 555.185 Alcohol, Tobacco Products, and Firearms BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE EXPLOSIVES COMMERCE IN EXPLOSIVES Marking of Plastic Explosives § 555.185...

  9. 31 CFR 537.411 - Purchase of shares in economic development projects in Burma.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Purchase of shares in economic... SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations § 537.411 Purchase of shares in economic development projects in Burma... Burma of shares of ownership, including an equity interest, in the economic development of resources...

  10. 31 CFR 537.411 - Purchase of shares in economic development projects in Burma.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations § 537.411 Purchase of shares in economic development projects in Burma... Burma of shares of ownership, including an equity interest, in the economic development of resources... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Purchase of shares in economic...

  11. Sociological Research in a Military School

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ignat'ev, V. V.

    2008-01-01

    What is the content of a system of sociological support for the administration of a higher military educational institution, and what problems are involved? From October 2006 to February 2007, instructors in the department of the humanities and the social-economic disciplines at Eisk F. M. Komarov Higher Military Aviation School (EVVAU) carried…

  12. When god sanctions killing: effect of scriptural violence on aggression.

    PubMed

    Bushman, Brad J; Ridge, Robert D; Das, Enny; Key, Colin W; Busath, Gregory L

    2007-03-01

    Violent people often claim that God sanctions their actions. In two studies, participants read a violent passage said to come from either the Bible or an ancient scroll. For half the participants, the passage said that God sanctioned the violence. Next, participants competed with an ostensible partner on a task in which the winner could blast the loser with loud noise through headphones (the aggression measure). Study 1 involved Brigham Young University students; 99% believed in God and in the Bible. Study 2 involved Vrije Universiteit-Amsterdam students; 50% believed in God, and 27% believed in the Bible. In Study 1, aggression increased when the passage was from the Bible or mentioned God. In Study 2, aggression increased when the passage mentioned God, especially among participants who believed in God and in the Bible. These results suggest that scriptural violence sanctioned by God can increase aggression, especially in believers.

  13. TRICARE; TRICARE sanction authority for third-party billing agents. Final rule.

    PubMed

    2013-02-26

    This final rule will provide the Director, TRICARE Management Activity (TMA), or designee, with the authority to sanction third-party billing agents by invoking the administrative remedy of exclusion or suspension from the TRICARE program. Such sanctions may be invoked in situations involving fraud or abuse on the part of third-party billing agents that prepare or submit claims presented to TRICARE for payment.

  14. 5 CFR 950.605 - Sanctions compliance certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... PRIVATE VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS Miscellaneous Provisions § 950.605 Sanctions compliance certification. Each federation, federation member and unaffiliated organization applying for participation in the CFC....605 Section 950.605 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE...

  15. 5 CFR 950.605 - Sanctions compliance certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... PRIVATE VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS Miscellaneous Provisions § 950.605 Sanctions compliance certification. Each federation, federation member and unaffiliated organization applying for participation in the CFC....605 Section 950.605 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE...

  16. 5 CFR 950.605 - Sanctions compliance certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... PRIVATE VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS Miscellaneous Provisions § 950.605 Sanctions compliance certification. Each federation, federation member and unaffiliated organization applying for participation in the CFC....605 Section 950.605 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE...

  17. 5 CFR 950.605 - Sanctions compliance certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... PRIVATE VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS Miscellaneous Provisions § 950.605 Sanctions compliance certification. Each federation, federation member and unaffiliated organization applying for participation in the CFC....605 Section 950.605 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE...

  18. 5 CFR 950.605 - Sanctions compliance certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... PRIVATE VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS Miscellaneous Provisions § 950.605 Sanctions compliance certification. Each federation, federation member and unaffiliated organization applying for participation in the CFC....605 Section 950.605 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE...

  19. 42 CFR 422.750 - Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money... § 422.750 Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties. (a) The following intermediate... organization. (b) CMS may impose civil money penalties as specified in 422.760. [72 FR 68725, Dec. 5, 2007, as...

  20. 42 CFR 422.750 - Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money... § 422.750 Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties. (a) The following intermediate... organization. (b) CMS may impose civil money penalties as specified in 422.760. [72 FR 68725, Dec. 5, 2007, as...

  1. 78 FR 21183 - Persons on Whom Sanctions Have Been Imposed Under the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 and the Iran...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-09

    ...: On general issues: Office of Sanctions Policy and Implementation, Department of State, Telephone... FR 56866, September 14, 2011) --Petro[acute]leos de Venezuela S.A. (see Public Notice 7585, 76 FR...

  2. 14 CFR § 1232.107 - Sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ....nasa.gov/; and (b) NASA Procedural Requirements (NPR) 8910.1, Care and Use of Animals, delineates the... hardware development activities. NPR 8910.1 is accessible is access at http://nodis3.gsfc.nasa.gov/. ... NASA ACTIVITIES (Eff. until 2-14-14) § 1232.107 Sanctions. (a) Non-NASA Institutions. Principal...

  3. Changes in Incentives, Rewards and Sanctions.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lonsdale, Alan

    1993-01-01

    A review of the literature over the past decade reflects substantial changes in rewards, incentives, and sanctions used with college faculty. These changes parallel changes in the public sector generally. Increasing emphasis on formal evaluation and on use of money as an incentive and reward for performance is noted. (MSE)

  4. 76 FR 20959 - Policy for the Assessment of Civil Administrative Penalties and Permit Sanctions

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-14

    ... fair and consistent manner; (2) penalties and permit sanctions are appropriate for the gravity of the... permit sanction reflective of the gravity of the violation and the culpability of the violator and...

  5. 13 CFR 123.502 - Under what circumstances is your business ineligible to be considered for a Military Reservist...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... business ineligible to be considered for a Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loan? 123.502... Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans § 123.502 Under what circumstances is your business ineligible to be considered for a Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loan? Your business is...

  6. Field evaluation of jail sanctions for DWI

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1988-04-29

    The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Tennessee's two-day mandatory jail sanction for first-offense DWI on general deterrence, special deterrence, and the operation of the drinking-driver control system. Our analysis of general de...

  7. 42 CFR 422.756 - Procedures for imposing intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... civil money penalties. 422.756 Section 422.756 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES... Sanctions § 422.756 Procedures for imposing intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties. (a) Notice of... money penalties—(1) CMS notice to OIG. If CMS determines that an MA organization has failed to comply...

  8. 42 CFR 423.756 - Procedures for imposing intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... civil money penalties. 423.756 Section 423.756 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES... BENEFIT Intermediate Sanctions § 423.756 Procedures for imposing intermediate sanctions and civil money....509. (e) Notice to impose civil money penalties—(1) CMS notice to OIG. If CMS determines that a Part D...

  9. 42 CFR 422.756 - Procedures for imposing intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... civil money penalties. 422.756 Section 422.756 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES... Intermediate Sanctions § 422.756 Procedures for imposing intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties. (a... money penalties—(1) CMS notice to OIG. If CMS determines that an MA organization has failed to comply...

  10. 42 CFR 422.756 - Procedures for imposing intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... civil money penalties. 422.756 Section 422.756 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES... Sanctions § 422.756 Procedures for imposing intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties. (a) Notice of... money penalties—(1) CMS notice to OIG. If CMS determines that an MA organization has failed to comply...

  11. 42 CFR 422.756 - Procedures for imposing intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... civil money penalties. 422.756 Section 422.756 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES... Intermediate Sanctions § 422.756 Procedures for imposing intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties. (a... contract in accordance with § 422.510. (e) Notice to impose civil money penalties—(1) CMS notice to OIG. If...

  12. Economic Burden of Hearing Loss for the U.S. Military: A Proposed Framework for Estimation.

    PubMed

    Alamgir, Hasanat; Tucker, David L; Kim, Sun-Young; Betancourt, Jose A; Turner, Caryn A; Gorrell, Natasha S; Wong, Nicole J; Sagiraju, Hari K R; Cooper, Sharon P; Douphrate, David I; Whitworth, Kristina W; Marko, Dritana; Gimeno, David; Cornell, John; Hammill, Tanisha L; Senchak, Andrew J; Packer, Mark D

    2016-04-01

    The goal of this multiphased research is to develop methods to comprehensively determine the economic impact of hearing impairment and noise-induced hearing injury among active duty U.S. Service Members. Several steps were undertaken to develop a framework and model for economic burden analysis: (1) a literature review identifying studies reporting the cost of health conditions and injuries in the Department of Defense, (2) consultation with a panel of subject matter experts who reviewed these cost items, and (3) discussions with DoD data stewards and review of relevant data dictionaries and databases. A Markov model was developed to represent the cumulative economic effect of events along the career span, such as retraining after hearing impairment and injury, by synthesizing inputs from various sources. The model, as developed and proposed in this study, will be a valuable decision-making tool for the DoD to identify high-risk groups, take proactive measures, and develop focused education, customized equipping, and return-to-duty and reintegration programs, thereby maximizing the retention of skilled, experienced, and mission-ready Service Members. Reprint & Copyright © 2016 Association of Military Surgeons of the U.S.

  13. Effects of enhanced sanctions for high-BAC DWI offenders on case dispositions and rates of recidivism.

    PubMed

    McCartt, Anne T; Shabanova, Veronika I

    2002-01-01

    High-BAC sanctioning systems seek to reduce recidivism among a high-risk group of impaired drivers. Minnesota's 1998 high-BAC law imposes more severe administrative and court sanctions on offenders with BAC> or =.20 than on offenders with BAC<.20. After the law, high-BAC first-time and repeat offenders did, in fact, receive more severe case dispositions (e.g., longer license revocation, stronger vehicle sanctions) than lower-BAC offenders. Alcohol test refusals declined. The severity of sanctions for high-BAC offenders declined in 1999 vs. 1998, especially for BACs.20-.22. Recidivism for high-BAC first offenders in 1998 was lower than for offenders with BACs.17-19.

  14. School Social Workers Sanctioned by State Departments of Education and State Licensing Boards

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Boland-Prom, Kim; Alvarez, Michelle E.

    2014-01-01

    This article presents the results of a study on the unprofessional conduct of school social workers who have been sanctioned by state regulatory boards (boards of education and licensing boards). The data represent information from 14 states and the District of Columbia. Results indicate that school social workers are rarely sanctioned at the…

  15. 28 CFR 28.28 - Sanctions for violations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sanctions for violations. 28.28 Section 28.28 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE DNA IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM Preservation of... evidence from being subjected to DNA testing or prevent the production or use of that evidence in an...

  16. 28 CFR 28.28 - Sanctions for violations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Sanctions for violations. 28.28 Section 28.28 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE DNA IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM Preservation of... evidence from being subjected to DNA testing or prevent the production or use of that evidence in an...

  17. 7 CFR 281.6 - Liabilities and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOOD STAMP AND FOOD DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION OF THE FOOD STAMP PROGRAM ON INDIAN RESERVATIONS § 281.6 Liabilities and sanctions. An ITO administering the Food Stamp Program on a reservation is...

  18. 7 CFR 281.6 - Liabilities and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOOD STAMP AND FOOD DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION OF THE FOOD STAMP PROGRAM ON INDIAN RESERVATIONS § 281.6 Liabilities and sanctions. An ITO administering the Food Stamp Program on a reservation is...

  19. 28 CFR 28.28 - Sanctions for violations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Sanctions for violations. 28.28 Section 28.28 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE DNA IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM Preservation of... evidence from being subjected to DNA testing or prevent the production or use of that evidence in an...

  20. 28 CFR 28.28 - Sanctions for violations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Sanctions for violations. 28.28 Section 28.28 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE DNA IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM Preservation of... evidence from being subjected to DNA testing or prevent the production or use of that evidence in an...

  1. 28 CFR 28.28 - Sanctions for violations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Sanctions for violations. 28.28 Section 28.28 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE DNA IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM Preservation of... evidence from being subjected to DNA testing or prevent the production or use of that evidence in an...

  2. Conflict and normative sanctions among Galapagos fishermen

    Treesearch

    Arren Mendezona Allegretti; Jerry J. Vaske; Ryan. Finchum

    2012-01-01

    At the start of this century, aggressive fishermen retaliated against changes in fishing regulations in the Galapagos. To understand this conflict, we examined fishermen's norms regarding sanctions that the Galapagos National Park Service should use for: (a) fishing regulation violations, and (b) aggressive behavior by fishermen.

  3. 31 CFR 537.413 - Sale of interest in economic development projects in Burma.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Sale of interest in economic development projects in Burma. 537.413 Section 537.413 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to... SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations § 537.413 Sale of interest in economic development projects in Burma...

  4. 31 CFR 537.413 - Sale of interest in economic development projects in Burma.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations § 537.413 Sale of interest in economic development projects in Burma... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sale of interest in economic development projects in Burma. 537.413 Section 537.413 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to...

  5. Internetworking in the military environment

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Davies, B. H.; Bates, A. S.

    1981-07-01

    The increasing requirement for data communications in the military environment and the heterogeneous nature of the network technologies and protocols involved are highlighted. The design of a military internet architecture, influenced by the military requirements, especially that of survivability, is discussed. Comparison with the civilian PTT approach to internetworking shows that while there are economic advantages to using civilian international standards where possible, these standards do not satisfy the military requirements. In particular the strategies for routing in a heavily damaged network environment and addressing hosts that migrate from one network to another must form an integral part of the overall architectural design. This results in gateways whose routing tables have a finer degree of detail of the internet topology than is usually required but which do not contain connection oriented information. Finally, practical experience gained on the ARPA catenet system is described.

  6. The Iran Sanctions Act (ISA)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-06-04

    billion4 contract (September 1997) for Total SA of France and its partners, Gazprom of Russia and Petronas of Malaysia to develop phases 2 and 3 of the 25...companies. On July 12, 2008, Total and Petronas , the original South Pars investors, pulled out of a deal to develop a liquified natural gas (LNG...do not exceed the $20 million in one year threshold for ISA sanctionability. Since the Total/ Petronas /Gazprom project in 1998, no projects have

  7. 76 FR 31470 - Taliban (Afghanistan) Sanctions Regulations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-01

    ... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Office of Foreign Assets Control 31 CFR Part 545 Taliban (Afghanistan... Regulations the Taliban (Afghanistan) Sanctions Regulations, 31 CFR part 545, as a result of the termination... Taliban in Afghanistan, in allowing territory under its control in Afghanistan to be used as a safe haven...

  8. 76 FR 35740 - North Korea Sanctions Regulations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-20

    ... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Office of Foreign Assets Control 31 CFR Part 510 North Korea Sanctions... 510 (the ``Regulations''), to implement E.O. 13466 and E.O. 13551, pursuant to authorities delegated... time for the purpose of providing immediate guidance to the public. OFAC intends to supplement part 510...

  9. Custodial Parole Sanctions and Earnings after Release from Prison

    PubMed Central

    Harding, David J.; Siegel, Jonah A.; Morenoff, Jeffrey D.

    2018-01-01

    Although the labor market consequences of incarceration in prison have been central to the literature on mass incarceration, punishment, and inequality, other components of the growing criminal justice system have received less attention from sociologists. In particular, the rise of mass incarceration was accompanied by an even larger increase in community supervision. In this paper, we examine the labor market effects of one frequently experienced aspect of post-prison parole, short-term custody for parole violations. Although such sanctions are viewed as an alternative to returning parole violators to prison, they have the potential to affect labor market outcomes in ways similar to imprisonment, including both adverse and positive effects on earnings. We estimate that parolees lost approximately 37 percent of their earnings in quarters during which they were in short-term custody. Although their earnings tended to increase in the quarter immediately following short-term custody—consistent with the stated intentions of such sanctions—parolees experienced further earnings loss over the longer term after such sanctions. In the third quarter following a short-term custody sanction, earnings are lowered by about 13 percent. These associations are larger for those who were employed in the formal labor market before their initial incarceration. PMID:29706673

  10. 42 CFR 488.608 - Notice of alternative sanction and appeal rights: Termination of coverage.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Notice of alternative sanction and appeal rights..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION SURVEY, CERTIFICATION, AND... (ESRD) Facilities § 488.608 Notice of alternative sanction and appeal rights: Termination of coverage...

  11. Assessing the Net Effects of Sanctions on the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-12-01

    354 Tabassum Zakaria and Caren Bohan, “Obama’s Olive Branch to Iran Turned into Sanctions Hammer,” Reuters, January...110 Zakaria , Tabassum and Caren Bohan, “Obama’s Olive Branch to Iran Turned into Sanctions Hammer,” Reuters, January 13, 2012, accessed on November

  12. 42 CFR 480.142 - Disclosure of sanction reports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... (CONTINUED) QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ORGANIZATIONS ACQUISITION, PROTECTION, AND DISCLOSURE OF QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ORGANIZATION REVIEW INFORMATION Utilization and Quality Control Quality Improvement Organizations (QIOs) Disclosure of Confidential Information § 480.142 Disclosure of sanction reports. (a) The QIO must disclose...

  13. 42 CFR 480.142 - Disclosure of sanction reports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... (CONTINUED) QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ORGANIZATIONS ACQUISITION, PROTECTION, AND DISCLOSURE OF QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ORGANIZATION REVIEW INFORMATION Utilization and Quality Control Quality Improvement Organizations (QIOs) Disclosure of Confidential Information § 480.142 Disclosure of sanction reports. (a) The QIO must disclose...

  14. 29 CFR 502.16 - Sanctions and remedies-General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... covered provisions of the work contract as set forth in 29 CFR 501.10(a); the assessment of a civil money... IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY ACT (SUSPENDED 6-29-2009) Enforcement of Work Contracts § 502.16 Sanctions and...

  15. 77 FR 38141 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Iranian Financial Sanctions Regulations Report on...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-26

    ... for Iranian Financial Sanctions Regulations Report on Closure by U.S. Financial Institutions of... Reduction Act of 1995, Public Law 104-13 (44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(2)(A)). Currently, the Office of Foreign Assets... Financial Sanctions Regulations Report on Closure by U.S. Financial [[Page 38142

  16. Time Series Analysis of Networks: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Sanctions on Iran

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-03-27

    quantitatively model the evolution and “learning” of this Iranian Network? This was the question posed to three summer apprentices at the Network Science...designated them Peripheral Players. For example, in this model the Nuclear Fuel and Procurement Company is a Broker and Bank Melli is a Peripheral Player...resource/us-sanction> [3] Al Arabiya, “Sanctions against Iran stymied efforts to produce ballistic missles : report,” Al Arabiya News, 30 July 2012. 30

  17. 78 FR 894 - Interim Final Determination To Stay Sanctions, Imperial County Air Pollution Control District

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-01-07

    ... Determination To Stay Sanctions, Imperial County Air Pollution Control District AGENCY: Environmental Protection... imposition of sanctions based on a proposed approval of revisions to the Imperial County Air Pollution... Part 52 Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental...

  18. How intermediate tax sanctions may be applied to IDSs.

    PubMed

    Louthian, R C

    1999-04-01

    Recently issued proposed regulations describing how the IRS intends to enforce the intermediate tax sanctions statute of the Internal Revenue Code have important ramifications for integrated delivery systems (IDSs). The regulations' interpretation of who within an IDS may be subject to excise taxes under the statute is broad, basing an individual's risk of being taxed on his or her degree of influence over a given entity within the organization, rather than over the organization as a whole. To protect individuals within an IDS from exposure to intermediate tax sanctions, the organization should understand who is likely to be at risk and take steps to ensure that all transactions with such persons are in compliance with the conditions set forth in the proposed regulations.

  19. 18 CFR 385.411 - Sanctions (Rule 411).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Sanctions (Rule 411). 385.411 Section 385.411 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION... officer may, after notice to the participant or person and an opportunity to be heard, take one or more of...

  20. Disciplinary Sanctions for Students with Special Needs.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Osborne, Allen G., Jr.

    One of the more controversial issues that has come before the courts since the implementation of the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA) concerns the imposition of disciplinary sanctions on students with disabilities. Because this issue is not directly addressed by the act, school administrators must turn to case law for guidance. This paper…

  1. Economic Thinking for Strategic Leaders

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-03-24

    unprepared to analyze certain complex, ambiguous issues and craft informed decisions. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Behavioral Economics, Public Choice Theory ...COUNT: 7,668 PAGES: 38 KEY TERMS: Behavioral Economics, Public Choice Theory , Army Profession CLASSIFICATION: Unclassified Military senior...various economic fields, including Identity Economics, Neoclassical Economics, Behavioral Economics, and Public Choice Economics. Finally, it

  2. Political and Military Intention Estimation: A Taxonometric Analysis

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1979-11-01

    which govern (a state$’s] use of military, economic,v dip1i~inatic, political, and propaganda instruments of power for the purposes of reaching certain...ess to engage British naval power with what the British took to be a far less capable - 4C navy than Germany in fact peosessed. Similarly, U.S...intentions of potential advertaries. It is also quite naturally true that military proftssionals tend to see military power its the pritu.nv- dotermin- ant t

  3. 75 FR 64120 - Technical Amendments to Forms N-CSR and N-SAR in Connection With the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-19

    ...] Technical Amendments to Forms N-CSR and N-SAR in Connection With the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions... the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010. DATES: Effective Date... Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 (``Iran Divestment Act'') into law.\\5\\ Among...

  4. Peer pressure on the riverbank: Assessing catch-and-release anglers' willingness to sanction others' (bad) behavior.

    PubMed

    Guckian, Meaghan L; Danylchuk, Andy J; Cooke, Steven J; Markowitz, Ezra M

    2018-08-01

    Given the well-documented impacts of angler behavior on the biological fitness of angled and released fish, optimizing the conservation value of catch-and-release angling hinges on the extent to which anglers are willing to adopt recommended best practices and refrain from harmful ones. One potentially powerful mechanism underlying adoption of best practices is the social pressure anglers can apply to one another to enforce community norms and values. Past work in other domains demonstrates that forms of interpersonal communication-including social sanctioning-can foster context-appropriate social norms and increase cooperative behavior; yet to date, little research has examined these dynamics in the context of species conservation. We conducted in-person and online surveys to explore the role of social sanctioning in the context of an internationally renowned wild steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fishery in British Columbia, Canada. We investigated how diverse social-psychological and demographic factors influence anglers' past and future sanctioning propensity. Results highlight that perceived capacity to influence the angling practices of others and professed concerns about one's own reputation were strongly predictive of both past and future sanctioning. Furthermore, while anglers reported relatively low-levels of past sanctioning behavior, most anglers simultaneously expressed a strong desire to sanction others in the future. Identifying ways to increase the social desirability and visibility of sanctioning actions could assist resource managers in promoting adoption and maintenance of best practices. More broadly, our findings underscore a significant yet underappreciated role for wildlife users and enthusiasts in cultivating a shared conservation ethic to help ensure biological conservation. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  5. The Impact of Alternative International Economic Policies on U.S. Defense Interests Abroad

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1975-04-10

    implied by "military posture" include: strategic standing, military strength or power, military capability, military influence, military presence...motives. Most nations employ economic instruments to protect their strategic and "infant" industries, to protect domestic interest groups, or to prevent...mijiuji^u a. v - J factor in economic dependence—perception of the long-term strategic value of the commodity. In the case of petroleum, this

  6. 22 CFR 513.635 - Reporting of and employee sanctions for convictions of criminal drug offenses.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... GOVERNORS GOVERNMENT DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) AND GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (GRANTS) Drug-Free Workplace Requirements (Grants) § 513.635 Reporting of and employee sanctions... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Reporting of and employee sanctions for...

  7. 48 CFR 52.225-25 - Prohibition on Engaging in Sanctioned Activities Relating to Iran-Certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Sanctioned Activities Relating to Iran-Certification. 52.225-25 Section 52.225-25 Federal Acquisition... Relating to Iran—Certification. As prescribed at 25.1103(e), insert the following provision: PROHIBITION ON ENGAGING IN SANCTIONED ACTIVITIES RELATING TO IRAN—CERTIFICATION (SEP 2010) (a) Definition. Person— (1...

  8. The Opportunity Cost of the Nonmonetary Advantages of the Soviet Military R and D Effort,

    DTIC Science & Technology

    Analyzes the major nonbudgetary advantages enjoyed by the military research and development sector in the Soviet economic system. This analysis also...investigates to what extent and in what form such advantages are potentially transferable from the military to the civilian sector, thereby...constituting a real economic burden on the Soviet economy. The military R and D sector benefits from a high-powered priority system that overrides the planning

  9. 16 CFR 1117.9 - Prohibited acts and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Prohibited acts and sanctions. 1117.9 Section 1117.9 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT REGULATIONS REPORTING OF CHOKING INCIDENTS INVOLVING MARBLES, SMALL BALLS, LATEX BALLOONS AND OTHER SMALL...

  10. North Korea: Return to an Engagement Strategy

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2004-01-01

    CDR KEVIN T. McCARTHY, USN 5601 FUNDEMENTALS OF STRATEGIC LOGIC SEMINAR F PROFESSOR ROBERT CALLAHAN ADVISOR CAPT ROBERT B. BRANNON, USN...Despite that, it has invested heavily in military technology through the development, testing, and export of ballistic missiles and recent resumption of...North Korea respond to additional sanctions or lash out? A final element of economic power that needs to be part of the dialogue is investment

  11. An Economic Analysis of Military Family Housing: Should the Government Continue to Privatize?

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-03-01

    installations family housing operating budget. This would mean 5 local commanders would be buying the additional inventory assets and paying for them...initiatives during the 1990s enabled junior enlisted members’ access to on-base military family housing, a large portion of the inventory was old and...Board Task Force to report on the Quality of Life in the military. The report featured a section on the poor state of DoD’s military family housing

  12. Chile Informed Question Paper - Military

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2003-01-01

    superior military strength and regional economic integration. Internally, Chile also faces little threat; however, militants from the Mapuche ...considered a significant threat.11 The most significant internal security concern is the ongoing campaign by Mapuche indigenous community militants to

  13. 13 CFR 123.509 - What can't you use Military Reservist EIDL funds for?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false What can't you use Military... ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans § 123.509 What can't you use Military Reservist EIDL funds for? Your small business can not use Military Reservist EIDL funds...

  14. 13 CFR 123.509 - What can't you use Military Reservist EIDL funds for?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false What can't you use Military... ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans § 123.509 What can't you use Military Reservist EIDL funds for? Your small business can not use Military Reservist EIDL funds...

  15. 13 CFR 123.509 - What can't you use Military Reservist EIDL funds for?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false What can't you use Military... ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans § 123.509 What can't you use Military Reservist EIDL funds for? Your small business can not use Military Reservist EIDL funds...

  16. 13 CFR 123.509 - What can't you use Military Reservist EIDL funds for?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false What can't you use Military... ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans § 123.509 What can't you use Military Reservist EIDL funds for? Your small business can not use Military Reservist EIDL funds...

  17. 13 CFR 123.509 - What can't you use Military Reservist EIDL funds for?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What can't you use Military... ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans § 123.509 What can't you use Military Reservist EIDL funds for? Your small business can not use Military Reservist EIDL funds...

  18. Intermediate sanctions for healthcare organizations.

    PubMed

    Samuels, David G; Shoretz, Morris

    2002-09-01

    Intermediate sanctions legislation requires that tax-exempt providers take steps to ensure that their senior staff members are compensated at fair-market value. A first-time violation could subject an individual to an excise tax of 25 percent of the compensation amount deemed to be excess benefit. Failure to correct the violation could subject the individual to an excise tax of 200 percent of the excess benefit. Tax-exempt organizations may invoke a rebuttable presumption of reasonableness that compensation levels are appropriate. Tax-exempt providers should refer to IRS guidance regarding steps to ensuring compliance.

  19. 19 CFR 207.120 - Public notice of sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Public notice of sanctions. 207.120 Section 207.120 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION NONADJUDICATIVE INVESTIGATIONS INVESTIGATIONS OF WHETHER INJURY TO DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES RESULTS FROM IMPORTS SOLD AT LESS THAN FAIR VALUE OR FROM...

  20. 24 CFR 92.618 - Performance reviews and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Performance reviews and sanctions. 92.618 Section 92.618 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development HOME INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIPS PROGRAM American Dream Downpayment Initiative § 92...

  1. 28 CFR 115.78 - Disciplinary sanctions for inmates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... disciplinary process following an administrative finding that the inmate engaged in inmate-on-inmate sexual abuse or following a criminal finding of guilt for inmate-on-inmate sexual abuse. (b) Sanctions shall be... facility offers therapy, counseling, or other interventions designed to address and correct underlying...

  2. 28 CFR 115.78 - Disciplinary sanctions for inmates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... disciplinary process following an administrative finding that the inmate engaged in inmate-on-inmate sexual abuse or following a criminal finding of guilt for inmate-on-inmate sexual abuse. (b) Sanctions shall be... facility offers therapy, counseling, or other interventions designed to address and correct underlying...

  3. 28 CFR 115.78 - Disciplinary sanctions for inmates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... disciplinary process following an administrative finding that the inmate engaged in inmate-on-inmate sexual abuse or following a criminal finding of guilt for inmate-on-inmate sexual abuse. (b) Sanctions shall be... facility offers therapy, counseling, or other interventions designed to address and correct underlying...

  4. 24 CFR 92.618 - Performance reviews and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Performance reviews and sanctions. 92.618 Section 92.618 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development HOME INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIPS PROGRAM American Dream Downpayment Initiative § 92...

  5. 24 CFR 92.618 - Performance reviews and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Performance reviews and sanctions. 92.618 Section 92.618 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development HOME INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIPS PROGRAM American Dream Downpayment Initiative § 92...

  6. 24 CFR 92.618 - Performance reviews and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Performance reviews and sanctions. 92.618 Section 92.618 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development HOME INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIPS PROGRAM American Dream Downpayment Initiative § 92...

  7. 24 CFR 92.618 - Performance reviews and sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Performance reviews and sanctions. 92.618 Section 92.618 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development HOME INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIPS PROGRAM American Dream Downpayment Initiative § 92...

  8. East Europe Report, Political, Sociological and Military Affairs.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-01-20

    075056 JPRS-EPS-84-010 20 January 1984 East Europe Report POLITICAL , SOCIOLOGICAL AND MILITARY AFFAIRS Approved for ■&;+ tU...Service, 1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201. JPRS-EPS- 84-010 20 January 1984 EAST EUROPE REPORT POLITICAL ,, SOCIOLOGICAL AND MILITARY...Campaign at Konskie Need for Intraparty Introspection, Kazlmierz Morawski Interview Problem of Divorcing Economics From Politics Viewed at PZPR

  9. Military veterans and Social Security.

    PubMed

    Olsen, Anya

    There are 9.4 million military veterans receiving Social Security benefits, which means that almost one out of every four adult Social Security beneficiaries has served in the United States military. In addition, veterans and their families make up almost 40 percent of the adult Social Security beneficiary population. Policymakers are particularly interested in military veterans and their families and have provided them with benefits through several government programs, including Social Security credits, home loan guarantees, and compensation and pension payments through the Department of Veterans Affairs. It is therefore important to understand the economic and demographic characteristics of this population. Information in this article is based on data from the March 2004 Current Population Survey, a large, nationally representative survey of U.S. households. Veterans are overwhelmingly male compared with all adult Social Security beneficiaries who are more evenly split between males and females. Military veterans receiving Social Security are more likely to be married and to have finished high school compared with all adult Social Security beneficiaries, and they are less likely to be poor or near poor than the overall beneficiary population. Fourteen percent of veterans receiving Social Security benefits have income below 150 percent of poverty, while 25 percent of all adult Social Security beneficiaries are below this level. The higher economic status among veterans is also reflected in the relatively high Social Security benefits they receive. The number of military veterans receiving Social Security benefits will remain high over the next few decades, while their make-up and characteristics will change. In particular, the number of Vietnam War veterans who receive Social Security will increase in the coming decades, while the number of veterans from World War II and the Korean War will decline.

  10. 42 CFR 438.702 - Types of intermediate sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Types of intermediate sanctions. 438.702 Section 438.702 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... following: (1) Civil money penalties in the amounts specified in § 438.704. (2) Appointment of temporary...

  11. 42 CFR 438.702 - Types of intermediate sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Types of intermediate sanctions. 438.702 Section 438.702 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... following: (1) Civil money penalties in the amounts specified in § 438.704. (2) Appointment of temporary...

  12. Do Crisis Response Operations Affect Political and Economic Stability?

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2003-05-01

    military presence itself actually affects overall levels of political and economic stability is still an open question. We look at the following two...relationship between military actions and political and economic stability . In this paper, we focus only on the crisis response piece of the overseas presence issue.

  13. 77 FR 75845 - Iranian Transactions and Sanctions Regulations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-26

    ... sections 602 and 603 of the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012; section 5, portions... Government of Iran-related entities or certain activities by the Government of Iran. DATES: Effective Date... Order 13622 of July 30, 2012, ``Authorizing Additional Sanctions With Respect to Iran'' (``E.O. 13622...

  14. 13 CFR 123.501 - Under what circumstances is your business eligible to be considered for a Military Reservist...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... business eligible to be considered for a Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loan? 123.501 Section... Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans § 123.501 Under what circumstances is your business eligible to be considered for a Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loan? Your business is eligible to apply for a...

  15. The color of welfare sanctioning: exploring the individual and contextual roles of race on TANF case closures and benefit reductions.

    PubMed

    Monnat, Shannon M

    2010-01-01

    This article investigates the individual and contextual roles of race on welfare sanctions: benefit cuts for failing to comply with work or other behavioral requirements under the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program. Using six years of federal administrative data, I advance previous welfare research by providing a nationally representative analysis of participant-, county-, and state-level predictors of welfare sanctioning. Using theories of racial classification, racialized social systems, and racial threat as guiding frameworks, I find that black and Latina women are at a greater risk of being sanctioned than white women. Further, although odds of a sanction are slightly reduced for black women living in counties with greater percentages of blacks, the opposite holds for Latinas, who are at an increased risk of being sanctioned in counties with greater percentages of Latinos.

  16. Economic Recovery vs. Defense Spending.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    De Grasse, Robert; Murphy, Paul

    1981-01-01

    Evaluates President Reagan's proposed military buildup in light of the cuts such expenditures would necessitate in approximately 300 domestic programs. Suggests that the dramatic proposed increase in military spending risks higher inflation and slower economic growth. Concludes with a plea for rethinking of Reagan's dramatic shift in national…

  17. Military Compensation: Balancing Cash and Noncash Benefits

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2004-01-16

    For greater detail, see N. Gregory Mankiw , Principles of Economics (Fort Worth, Tex.: Dryden Press, 1998), p. 469. 6 CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE E C...of it is provided through noncash benefits. Greater Choice. Cash pay is more efficient than non- cash compensation in an economic sense because cash...Pleeter, “The Personal Dis- count Rate: Evidence from Military Downsizing Programs,” American Economic Review, vol. 91, no. 1 (2001), pp. 33-53. 8

  18. An Analysis of Contracting Actions by United States Based Department of Defense Organizations to Support Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1992-09-01

    suggest that certain regulations should be considered for changes or waivers that go into effect during military contingencies. Also, there are...within the DOD to contractually support ODS has the potential to aid in educating contracting professionals to effectively and efficiently support a...operations to free Kuwait by enacting sanctions against Iraq. Only when it 10 became apparent that the sanctions were having no effect were military

  19. Comparative Studies of Organizational Factors in Military Maintenance

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1977-10-01

    be consistent throughout the military units interviewed. Military personnel received rewards for suggestions that save money as do civilian...willing to do (Swain, 1973). Traditional job design turned out not to have the expected economic savings due to high rates of turnover, absentee’^m...assumption of the latter approach is that high productivity will be maintained with high worker involvement in and identification with his job. Herzberg

  20. 48 CFR 52.225-25 - Prohibition on Contracting with Entities Engaging in Sanctioned Activities Relating to Iran...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... with Entities Engaging in Sanctioned Activities Relating to Iran-Representation and Certification. 52...—Representation and Certification. As prescribed at 25.1103(e), insert the following provision: Prohibition on Contracting With Entities Engaging in Sanctioned Activities Relating to Iran—Representation and Certification...

  1. Quality failures in residential aged care in Australia: The relationship between structural factors and regulation imposed sanctions.

    PubMed

    Baldwin, Richard; Chenoweth, Lynnette; Dela Rama, Marie; Liu, Zhixin

    2015-12-01

    To examine the relationship between structural factors and the imposition of sanctions on residential aged care services across Australia for regulatory compliance failure. Poisson Regression analysis was used to examine the association between the number of sanctions imposed and the structural characteristics of residential aged care services in Australia. Residential aged care services that have a greater likelihood of having government sanctions imposed on them are operated by for-profit providers and located in remote locations and in Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory. The findings confirm the international literature on the relationship between residential aged care service location, ownership type and the likelihood of sanctions. In the light of the predicted expansion of residential aged care services, policy makers should give consideration to structural elements most likely to be associated with a failure to meet and maintain service standards. © 2014 ACOTA.

  2. Military Drill in the Service of American Hegemony over Hawaii

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Beyer, C. Kalani

    2009-01-01

    Recently, there has been an interest in investigating who have historically served in the American military, particularly during periods of war. These studies report that men from lower socio-economic groups tend to be over represented in military service, especially after voluntary service replaced the draft during the 1970s. Much work remains to…

  3. Challenges of the African Military in Peacekeeping Missions in Africa

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-03-20

    the potential it required the African defense industry cooperation and governments’ commitment to development and economic growth . Lack of such...Challenges of the African Military in Peacekeeping Missions in Africa by Brigadier General James N Mazimba Zambia Army...AFRICAN MILITARY IN PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS IN AFRICA by Brigadier General James N Mazimba Zambia Army William J Flavin

  4. 42 CFR 438.700 - Basis for imposition of sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS MANAGED CARE Sanctions § 438.700 Basis for imposition of... among enrollees on the basis of their health status or need for health care services. This includes termination of enrollment or refusal to reenroll a recipient, except as permitted under the Medicaid program...

  5. Regulatory Organizations for Physicians’ Status and Administrative Sanctions on Physicians

    PubMed Central

    MORIOKA, Yasuhiko; HIGUCHI, Norio; KUROYANAGI, Tatsuo; NUDESHIMA, Jiro

    2014-01-01

    Society bestows professional privilege on physicians. At the same time, it expects physicians to strive constantly to improve their ethics and quality in medical expertise. In every nation, some level of government is responsible for certifying or licensing physicians and imposes strict management, including revoking licenses from inappropriate physicians or providing severe sanctions for misconduct or conduct unbecoming of a physician. In reality, however, it is difficult to reduce the number of inappropriate or indiscreet physicians, and each nation faces its own challenges. We conducted a questionnaire survey of 13 national medical associations, including some major Western countries, regarding the licensing of physicians, the organizations managing their medical practice status, and the data and grounds for administrative sanctioning of physicians. We then examined the circumstances in Japan based on the survey results and pointed out the domestic issues. PMID:25784827

  6. 42 CFR 460.40 - Violations for which CMS may impose sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) PROGRAMS OF ALL-INCLUSIVE CARE FOR THE ELDERLY (PACE) PROGRAMS OF ALL-INCLUSIVE CARE FOR THE ELDERLY (PACE) Sanctions, Enforcement Actions, and Termination § 460.40 Violations...

  7. 42 CFR 460.40 - Violations for which CMS may impose sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) PROGRAMS OF ALL-INCLUSIVE CARE FOR THE ELDERLY (PACE) PROGRAMS OF ALL-INCLUSIVE CARE FOR THE ELDERLY (PACE) Sanctions, Enforcement Actions, and Termination § 460.40 Violations...

  8. The Role and Mission of the Military in a Post-Colonial Developing Nation: A Study of the Malaysian Armed Forces, 1970-1983.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-01-01

    military is not only prominant, but is essential for political stability , social mobility, and economic prosperity. Keywords: Malaysia, Military forces (foreign), Southeast Asia, Industrial development, Economics, Theses.

  9. 3 CFR 13622 - Executive Order 13622 of July 30, 2012. Authorizing Additional Sanctions With Respect to Iran

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... sale of food, medicine, or medical devices to Iran or when the underlying transaction has been... export or reexport of goods or technology to the sanctioned person; (c) with respect to a sanctioned...; or (v) restrict or prohibit imports of goods, technology, or services, directly or indirectly, into...

  10. Glasnost’ (Public Openness) in the USSR; Historical, Political and Military Perspectives.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-06-01

    bureaucrats" in the central government, glasnost’ meant an exchange of opinions within the bureaucracy about the .0 0 country’s much needed social and economic...restricted to sanctioned policy issues. Predictably, Lenin believed that .* sensitive foreign policy issues such as foreign credits and Western technology...University’s School of Journalism, further stated that a freer exchange of information would help overcome the trends towards inertia and stagnation in Soviet

  11. An evaluation of a community service sanction for DWI : the Baton Rouge community service work program. Volume 2

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1987-10-01

    This project examined the deterrent impact of community service as sanction for DWI offenders during a one-year study in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Since 1983, virtually all DWI offenders in Baton Rouge have been given community service as a sanction in...

  12. An assessment of publicized insurance sanctions as a DWI countermeasure

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1994-05-01

    Author's abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of publicized insurance sanctions on DWI. New Hanover County, North Carolina was chosen as a test site in part because this state mandates that offenders convicted of DWI have ...

  13. Cohort Default Rates: Predicting the Probability of Federal Sanctions

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hillman, Nicholas W.

    2015-01-01

    This study examines the institutional factors associated with student loan default. When a college has more than 30% of its students default on their loans, then the institution faces federal sanctions that could make them ineligible from participating in the federal student loan program. Using Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System…

  14. Knowledge of Legally Sanctioned Discipline Procedures by School Personnel.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hillman, Susan J.

    Principals, teachers, and counselors in 15 Indiana high schools were interviewed to determine what procedures they believed were required in various disciplinary actions, and what authority they believed had sanctioned these procedures. The interviewees came from small, medium, and large schools in rural and urban settings. Nearly 71 percent of…

  15. [Role of researchers and employees of the Military Medical Academy in development of the system of military medical supply].

    PubMed

    Miroshnichenko, Iu V; Kononov, V N; Perfil'ev, A B

    2013-12-01

    The Military Medical Academy has been solving theoretical and practical issues, concerning development of military medical supply, for 215 years. At different time periods and according to needs of military medicine and pharmacy researches and employees of the Academy aimed efforts to: development of the theory and practice of medical supply organization, regulatory basis of the system of medical supply, development of new samples of medical equipment, development of medicine manufacturing technologies and methods of quality control, researches in the area of medicine radiochemistry, forensic chemistry and toxicology, herbal and mineral water analysis and etc. At the present time there are the following education programs at the Academy: "Pharmacy", magister program "Management of medical supply", program for resident physicians "Management and economics of pharmacy".

  16. Home Economics Research in Canada.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Canadian Home Economics Journal, 1998

    1998-01-01

    Offers abstracts of 16 research papers presented at the 1998 Canadian Home Economics Association conference. Includes abstracts related to consumer economics, financial management, care giving, volunteerism, elder care, one-parent families, teacher education, females in the military, diet and health, and ethics. (JOW)

  17. Security Cooperation Activities: Strengthening a Partner Military and its Governing Institutions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-05-26

    governments suffered from economic instability , corruption, poor rule of law, and low administration of justice. Government and economic stability ...types of programs applied. Conditions defining allied state characteristics are military structure, government polity rating, and economic stability ...regional instability . Dr. Michael Mihalka and Mr. Mark Wilcox covered the trends in liberal democracy in the South Caucasus in light of economic

  18. The military and the transition to adulthood.

    PubMed

    Kelty, Ryan; Kleykamp, Meredith; Segal, David R

    2010-01-01

    Ryan Kelty, Meredith Kleykamp, and David Segal examine the effect of military service on the transition to adulthood. They highlight changes since World War II in the role of the military in the lives of young adults, focusing especially on how the move from a conscription to an all-volunteer military has changed the way military service affects youths' approach to adult responsibilities. The authors note that today's all-volunteer military is both career-oriented and family-oriented, and they show how the material and social support the military provides to young servicemen and women promotes responsible membership in family relationships and the wider community. As a result, they argue, the transition to adulthood, including economic independence from parents, is more stable and orderly for military personnel than for their civilian peers. At the same time, they stress that serving in the military in a time of war holds dangers for young adults. The authors examine four broad areas of military service, focusing in each on how men and women in uniform today make the transition to adulthood. They begin by looking at the social characteristics of those who serve, especially at differences in access to the military and its benefits by socio-demographic characteristics, such as age, gender, race and ethnicity, social class, and sexual orientation. Military service also has important effects on family formation, including the timing of marriage and parenthood, family structure, and the influence of military culture on families. Family formation among servicemen and women, the authors observe, is earlier and more stable than among civilians of the same age. The authors then consider the educational and employment consequences of service. Finally, they scrutinize the dangers of military service during times of war and examine the physical and psychological effects of wartime military service. They also note the sexual trauma endured both by male and female military

  19. 31 CFR 585.509 - Trading in certain pre-sanctions obligations of debtors in the Republics of Slovenia, Croatia...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Trading in certain pre-sanctions... SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Licenses, Authorizations, and Statements of Licensing Policy § 585.509 Trading in..., and Macedonia authorized. (a) All transactions by U.S. persons involving secondary market trading in...

  20. Disciplinary versus Academic Sanctions in Higher Education: A Doomed Dichotomy?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Dutile, Fernand N.

    2003-01-01

    Explains that courts have generally subjected disciplinary action to procedural due process under the Fourteenth Amendment, while academic sanctions have garnered greater deference. Examines the judicial history of this dual track, establishes the difficulty of characterizing as either disciplinary or academic the countless situations reflecting…

  1. 13 CFR 123.511 - How will SBA disburse Military Reservist EIDL funds?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans § 123.511 How will SBA disburse Military Reservist EIDL funds? Funds will be disbursed only after the essential employee has been called to active duty, and you have provided a copy of the essential employee's official call-up orders for active...

  2. Concept Of Revitalization Of Selected Military Facilities Of Dragoons Barracks In Olsztyn

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zagroba, Marek

    2015-12-01

    Revitalization is a complex program to restore the functioning of the neglected urban areas in terms of spatial, economic and social. Revitalization activities on post-military facilities are stopping negative phenomena, such as degradation of space, social pathology or lack of proper functioning of the area, adapted to modern needs. The object of the work is to present some aspects with the revitalization of former military facilities in the area of the Artyleryjska Street in Olsztyn. The presented design concept aims to revitalize a neglected area of the barracks, which will enable the activation site and include it in the city urban space. The method adopted in this work is the architectural project of adapting selected post-military facilities for new functions, affecting the economic development and social integration of people.

  3. Economic game theory for mutualism and cooperation.

    PubMed

    Archetti, Marco; Scheuring, István; Hoffman, Moshe; Frederickson, Megan E; Pierce, Naomi E; Yu, Douglas W

    2011-12-01

    We review recent work at the interface of economic game theory and evolutionary biology that provides new insights into the evolution of partner choice, host sanctions, partner fidelity feedback and public goods. (1) The theory of games with asymmetrical information shows that the right incentives allow hosts to screen-out parasites and screen-in mutualists, explaining successful partner choice in the absence of signalling. Applications range from ant-plants to microbiomes. (2) Contract theory distinguishes two longstanding but weakly differentiated explanations of host response to defectors: host sanctions and partner fidelity feedback. Host traits that selectively punish misbehaving symbionts are parsimoniously interpreted as pre-adaptations. Yucca-moth and legume-rhizobia mutualisms are argued to be examples of partner fidelity feedback. (3) The theory of public goods shows that cooperation in multi-player interactions can evolve in the absence of assortment, in one-shot social dilemmas among non-kin. Applications include alarm calls in vertebrates and exoenzymes in microbes. 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS.

  4. 17 CFR 12.407 - Satisfaction of reparation award; enforcement; sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Satisfaction of reparation... Satisfaction of reparation award; enforcement; sanctions. (a) Satisfaction of reparation award—(1) Where... satisfaction of an award (as prescribed in paragraph (a) or (b) of this section) expires, file with the...

  5. Impact of sanctions on procurement of medicine and medical devices in Iran; a technical response.

    PubMed

    Hosseini, Seyed Alireza

    2013-12-01

    Following recent sanctions on foreign trade, financial and banking services, Iran has faced major difficulties for importing medicines (both finished products and pharmaceutical raw materials) and medical devices. Problems with money transfer have made it extremely lengthy in time to import medicine and medical devices and these have negatively affected access to and affordability of medicines. Quality of pharmaceuticals and treatment of patients have also been affected due to changing the sources of imported medicines and raw materials for locally produced pharmaceuticals. Several interventions have been employed during the past few months in Iran to overcome the effects imposed by recent sanctions and drug shortages have been managed to some extent with attempts made by Iran Food and Drug Organization (IRI FDO). As recommended by the experts, a specific Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication line should be allocated for transferring money for medicines and medical devices and certain financial institutions are assigned for this purpose. It is also suggested that defining a white list of Iranian pharmaceuticals and medical device companies together with their foreign counterparts would facilitate this process. It appears that, in a public health prospective, ordinary people and patients are hurt and paying the cost for current sanctions. It remains the responsibility of the public health and international communities to separate public health from politics and to ease the pain of public from sanctions.

  6. Using Rewards and Sanctions in the Classroom: Pupils' Perceptions of Their Own Responses to Current Behaviour Management Strategies

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Payne, Ruth

    2015-01-01

    The use of systems of rewards and sanctions within behaviour policies has now been adopted formally in UK schools. Such systems potentially represent competing theoretical ideas when considered alongside current approaches to teaching and learning. There is also opportunity for inconsistent use of rewards and sanctions resulting from the absence…

  7. A Model to Transform NATO’s Operational Level Military Capabilities

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-05-01

    stabilization operations include security, economic recovery, social well-being, justice and reconciliation, and public participation in governance. Jean ... Millet and Murray define military effectiveness as the process by which a military converts its available resources into fighting power. Contemporary...Failure. New York: Metropolitan Books, 1996. Durfourcq, Jean and David S. Yost. “NATO-EU Cooperation in Post Conflict Operations.” Research Paper, NATO

  8. Convicted Driving-While-Impaired Offenders’ Views on Effectiveness of Sanctions and Treatment

    PubMed Central

    Lapham, Sandra; England-Kennedy, Elizabeth

    2011-01-01

    In this article we analyze qualitative data from a multiple methods, longitudinal study drawn from 15-year follow-up interviews with a subsample of 82 individuals arrested for driving while intoxicated in a southwestern state (1989–1995). We explore reactions to the arrest and court-mandated sanctions, including legal punishments, mandated interventions, and/or participation in programs aimed at reducing recidivism. Key findings include experiencing certain negative emotional reactions to the arrest, reactions to being jailed, experiencing other court-related sanctions as deterring driving while intoxicated behavior, and generally negative opinions regarding court-mandated interventions. We discuss interviewees’ complex perspectives on treatment and program participation and their effects on lessening recidivism, and we offer suggestions for reducing recidivism based on our findings. PMID:21490294

  9. 42 CFR 401.719 - Monitoring and sanctioning of qualified entities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Data for Performance Measurement § 401.719 Monitoring and sanctioning of qualified entities. (a) CMS... methods: (1) Audits. (2) Submission of documentation of data sources and quantities of data upon the request of CMS and/or site visits. (3) Analysis of specific data reported to CMS by qualified entities...

  10. 10 CFR 205.352 - Information to be reported.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OIL ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SANCTIONS Electric Power System Permits and Reports; Applications; Administrative Procedures and Sanctions Report of Major Electric Utility System Emergencies § 205... involved; and whether any known critical services such as hospitals, military installations, pumping...

  11. 10 CFR 205.352 - Information to be reported.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OIL ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SANCTIONS Electric Power System Permits and Reports; Applications; Administrative Procedures and Sanctions Report of Major Electric Utility System Emergencies § 205... involved; and whether any known critical services such as hospitals, military installations, pumping...

  12. 10 CFR 205.352 - Information to be reported.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OIL ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SANCTIONS Electric Power System Permits and Reports; Applications; Administrative Procedures and Sanctions Report of Major Electric Utility System Emergencies § 205... involved; and whether any known critical services such as hospitals, military installations, pumping...

  13. 10 CFR 205.352 - Information to be reported.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OIL ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SANCTIONS Electric Power System Permits and Reports; Applications; Administrative Procedures and Sanctions Report of Major Electric Utility System Emergencies § 205... involved; and whether any known critical services such as hospitals, military installations, pumping...

  14. War Termination Concepts and Political, Economic and Military Targeting

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1978-03-01

    imposed by the level of military technology, also served to reduce the probability of transcultural conflict; thus shared value systems probably...from the Berlin Blockade in 1948 through the Cuban Missile Crisis , and, utilizing the "lessons learned" approach, reformulates deterrence theory on...aspect of which is the "general crisis of capitalism," presently said to be in its most severe phase since the 1930s. The present crisis , Soviet

  15. The law isn't everything: The impact of legal and non-legal sanctions on motorists' drink driving behaviors.

    PubMed

    Freeman, James; Szogi, Elizabeth; Truelove, Verity; Vingilis, Evelyn

    2016-12-01

    The effectiveness of drink driving countermeasures (such as sanctions) to deter motorists from driving over the legal limit is extremely important when considering the impact the offending behavior has on the community. However, questions remain regarding the extent that both legal and non-legal factors influence drink driving behaviors. This is of particular concern given that both factors are widely used as either sanctioning outcomes or in media campaigns designed to deter drivers (e.g., highlighting the physical risk of crashing). This paper reports on an examination of 1,253 Queensland motorists' perceptions of legal and non-legal drink driving sanctions and the corresponding deterrent impact of such perceptions on self-reported offending behavior. Participants volunteered to complete either an online or paper version of the questionnaire. Encouragingly, quantitative analysis of the data revealed that participants' perceptions of both legal sanctions (e.g., certainty, severity and swiftness) as well as non-legal sanctions (e.g., fear of social, internal or physical harm) were relatively high, with perceptual certainty being the highest. Despite this, a key theme to emerge from the study was that approximately 25% of the sample admitted to drink driving at some point in time. Multivariate analyses revealed six significant predictors of drink driving, being: males, younger drivers, lower perceptions of the severity of sanctions, and less concern about the social, internal, and physical harms associated with the offense. However, a closer examination of the data revealed that the combined deterrence model was not very accurate at predicting drink driving behaviors (e.g., 21% of variance). A range of non-legal deterrent factors have the potential to reduce the prevalence of drink driving although further research is required to determine how much exposure is required to produce a strong effect. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd and National Safety Council. All rights

  16. Military wastes-to-energy applications

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kawaoka, K. E.

    1980-11-01

    This analysis focuses on the military waste material and byproduct stream and the potential for energy recovery and utilization. Feedstock material includes municipal-type solid waste, selected installation hazardous waste, and biomass residue. The study objectives are to (1) analyze the characteristics of the military waste stream; (2) identify potential energy recovery options; and (3) examine and assess the technical and economic feasibility and environmental and institutional impacts of various energy recovery approaches. Total energy recoverable from DOD solid waste could provide about 2 percent of DOD's facility energy demand. The energy potential available to DOD from biomass and hazardous waste was not available. Available waste-to-energy systems are thermal conversion processes such as incineration with heat recovery. The significance of this recoverable energy from military wastes is put in proper perspective when the benefits and barriers in using waste-derived energy are considered. Some of the benefits of waste-to-energy conversion are as follows: waste energy is a readily available and inexhaustible resource that greatly reduces dependence on imported energy.

  17. Evaluation of enhanced sanctions for higher BACs : summary of states' laws

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2001-03-01

    Twenty-nine states have a stature, regulation, or rule that provides for additional or more severe sanctions for driving under the influence (DUI) offenders with a "high" BAC. States vary in terms of the high-BAC threshold, which ranges from .15 to ....

  18. California; Bay Area Air Quality Management District; Determination To Defer Sanctions

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    EPA is making an interim final determination to defer imposition of sanctions based on a proposed determination that CARB submitted rules on behalf of BAAQMD that satisfy part D of the Clean Air Act for areas under the jurisdiction of the BAAQMD.

  19. 24 CFR 941.501 - HUD review of PHA performance; sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false HUD review of PHA performance... URBAN DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC HOUSING DEVELOPMENT Performance Review § 941.501 HUD review of PHA performance; sanctions. (a) HUD determination. HUD shall carry out such reviews of the performance of each PHA as may be...

  20. Military Famine, Human Rights, and Child Hunger: A Cross-National Analysis, 1990-2000

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Jenkins, J. Craig; Scanlan, Stephen J.; Peterson, Lindsey

    2007-01-01

    Discussions of world hunger have focused on economic growth and international food aid, assuming that food supply is the critical issue. The authors show that food access rooted in social stratification and military power is the central problem. Synthesizing the entitlement and military famine approaches to hunger, the authors examine the effects…

  1. 40 CFR 52.31 - Selection of sequence of mandatory sanctions for findings made pursuant to section 179 of the...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... (c)(2) of this section, including an adequate maintenance plan, or has failed to make any submission... finding, application of the offset sanction under paragraph (e)(1) of this section shall be deferred... the highway sanction under paragraph (e)(2) of this section shall be deferred unless and until the...

  2. 40 CFR 52.31 - Selection of sequence of mandatory sanctions for findings made pursuant to section 179 of the...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... (c)(2) of this section, including an adequate maintenance plan, or has failed to make any submission... finding, application of the offset sanction under paragraph (e)(1) of this section shall be deferred... the highway sanction under paragraph (e)(2) of this section shall be deferred unless and until the...

  3. 40 CFR 52.31 - Selection of sequence of mandatory sanctions for findings made pursuant to section 179 of the...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... (c)(2) of this section, including an adequate maintenance plan, or has failed to make any submission... finding, application of the offset sanction under paragraph (e)(1) of this section shall be deferred... the highway sanction under paragraph (e)(2) of this section shall be deferred unless and until the...

  4. 40 CFR 52.31 - Selection of sequence of mandatory sanctions for findings made pursuant to section 179 of the...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... (c)(2) of this section, including an adequate maintenance plan, or has failed to make any submission... finding, application of the offset sanction under paragraph (e)(1) of this section shall be deferred... the highway sanction under paragraph (e)(2) of this section shall be deferred unless and until the...

  5. 40 CFR 52.31 - Selection of sequence of mandatory sanctions for findings made pursuant to section 179 of the...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... (c)(2) of this section, including an adequate maintenance plan, or has failed to make any submission... finding, application of the offset sanction under paragraph (e)(1) of this section shall be deferred... the highway sanction under paragraph (e)(2) of this section shall be deferred unless and until the...

  6. [Sexual child abuse: correlation between medical certificates' conclusions and judiciary sanctions].

    PubMed

    Soumah, M M; Bah, H; Mbaye, I; Fall, M C; Yetognon, C; Sow, M L

    2005-01-01

    Sexual child abuse, comprises of indecency attitudes and physical misbehaviours, directed towards children are dominated by rape. The objective of our study was to assess in sexual child abuse the relation between the conclusion of medical certificates and court decision. It is a retrospective study carried out from 1994 to 1998 on the clerk's office correctional repertories in Dakar regional court. An overall number of 79 cases of child abuse were collected in 5 years period. Children under 18 years old of of both sex, were concerned. Data found were correlated with a review of requisition cases received by the of gynaecology and obstetrics clinic of Aristide Dantec Hospital. This facilitates the establishement of the relationship between the offences and the pronounced sanctions, as well as the initial medical certificate and these sanctions. The sanctions were severe whenever rape had been retained. Some cases were disqualified in indecent assault and were judged as such. The judge decision, which follow the medical certificate conclusions in 11 cases out of 14 shows the importance and reliability of this medical document. All files reviewed at the medical and legal level were incomplete. The difficulty of the materiality of the rape and the psychological consequences in the long run and especially HIV infection should invite to a multidisciplinary, specialized and organized management of sexual child abuse. This study has shown the importance of a correct and complete drafting of the medical certificate, to enable the establishment by the judge the materiality of the facts.

  7. [Marketing in the system of military-medical facilities].

    PubMed

    Kostiuchenko, O M; Sviridova, T B

    2014-02-01

    Military medical facilities of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian, have received the right to provide additional services and have been involved in the sphere of market relations. The strong influence of market relations - an objective reality that must be used for the development of military medical institutions and improving quality of care.Effective commercial activity can improve capabilities of the military medical institutions. This requires constant study of market mechanisms to implement and develop their competitive advantage. The paper substantiates the need for the participation of military medical institutions in the provision of health services to the public on the terms of compensation incurred by financial institutions costs (paid medical services, medical assistance program of compulsory and voluntary health insurance). Taking into account the specifics of military medical institutions set out basic principles and recommendations have been implementing marketing approach in their management, the practical application of which will not only increase efficiency, but also create conditions to improve the financial and economic indicators. This knowledge will help the mechanism of functioning health care market and the rules of interaction of market counterparties.

  8. Korean Unification. Alternative Economics Strategies.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1995-09-01

    is evidently still in doubt.14 8 See Asian Survey , September 1993, 866. 9 See Far Eastern Economic Review, May 30, 1991, 38. 10 The north...output will be shipped to Russia to repay debts. See Asian Survey , September 1993, 869. 14 See Henriksen and Lho 1994,45. n-6 C. MILITARY...product (GSP), which is more than the GSP for civilian industrial products. See Asian Survey , September 1993, 865. 17 In 1991, northern military

  9. Deterrent effects of demerit points and license sanctions on drivers' traffic law violations using a proportional hazard model.

    PubMed

    Lee, Jaeyeong; Park, Byung-Jung; Lee, Chungwon

    2018-04-01

    Current traffic law enforcement places an emphasis on reducing accident risk from human factors such as drunk driving and speeding. Among the various strategies implemented, demerit points and license sanction systems have been widely used as punitive and educational measures. Limitations, however, exist in previous studies in terms of estimating the interaction effects of demerit points and license sanctions. To overcome such limitations, this work focused on identifying the interaction effects of demerit points and license sanctions on driver traffic violation behavior. The interaction deterrent effects were assessed by using a Cox's proportional hazard model to provide a more accurate and unbiased estimation. For this purpose, five years of driver conviction data was obtained from the Korea National Police Agency (KNPA). This data included personal characteristics, demerit point accumulation and license sanction status. The analysis showed that accumulated demerit points had specific deterrent effects. Additionally, license revocation showed consistent and significant deterrent effects, greater than those for suspension. Male drivers under their 30s holding a motorcycle license were identified as the most violation-prone driver group, suggesting that stricter testing for the acquisition of a motorcycle driver's license is needed. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  10. The Struggle for the Soviet Far East: Political, Military, and Economic Trends Under Gorbachev

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-04-01

    being considered for FEZs. Among the coastal areas are southern Sakhalin Island, De -Kastri, and the southernmost contested Kurile Islands (which Japan...lumber to Japan; a processing plggt will be built in De -Kastri, to begin operations in the fall of 1991. Upriver from De -Kastri, at Amursk, an ROK firm...certain reforms in the military structure take shape. Professionalization, in whatever form, and possible press controls will likely weaken the military’s

  11. Construction of Military Intelligence Military Occupational Specialty Taxonomy

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-11-01

    Ji ARI Research Note 91-10 Construction of Military Intelligence Military Occupational Specialty N Taxonomy IFrederick A. Muckler, Sally Seven, and...11. TITLE (Include Security Classification) Construction of Military Intelligence Military Occupational Specialty Taxonomy 12. PERSONAL AUTHOR(S...Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) FIELD GROUP SUB-GROUP Military intelligence Evaluation taxonomy MOS restructuring

  12. 78 FR 12243 - Interim Final Determination To Stay and Defer Sanctions, Placer County Air Pollution Control...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-22

    ...EPA is making an interim final determination to stay the imposition of offset sanctions and to defer the imposition of highway sanctions based on a proposed approval of a revision to the Placer County Air Pollution Control District (PCAPCD) and Feather River Air Quality Management District (FRAQMD) portion of the California State Implementation Plan (SIP) published elsewhere in this Federal Register. The SIP revision concerns two permitting rules submitted by the PCAPCD and FRAQMD, respectively: Rule 502, New Source Review, and Rule 10.1, New Source Review.

  13. Can Russia Reform? Economic, Political, and Military Perspectives

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-06-01

    formation of a diversified economic model , it did not halt the growth of the gap between Russia and the developed world either. The result will be...years. The pure model was a unitary state economic governance scheme where Tsars, (principals) unable to micro-plan and command production...subsistence, and dividing the booty arbitrarily among themselves. TSARIST STATE ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT REFORM The core model served its purpose and was

  14. 42 CFR 423.752 - Basis for imposing intermediate sanctions and civil money penalties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... condition or history indicates a need for substantial future medical services. (5) Misrepresents or... lead to a contract termination under 423.509(a), CMS may impose the intermediate sanctions at 423.750(a...

  15. 33 CFR 135.403 - Sanctions for failure to produce vessel Certificates of Financial Responsibility.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION COMPENSATION FUND Access, Denial, and Detention § 135.403 Sanctions for...

  16. 33 CFR 135.403 - Sanctions for failure to produce vessel Certificates of Financial Responsibility.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION COMPENSATION FUND Access, Denial, and Detention § 135.403 Sanctions for...

  17. 33 CFR 135.403 - Sanctions for failure to produce vessel Certificates of Financial Responsibility.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION COMPENSATION FUND Access, Denial, and Detention § 135.403 Sanctions for...

  18. 33 CFR 135.403 - Sanctions for failure to produce vessel Certificates of Financial Responsibility.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION COMPENSATION FUND Access, Denial, and Detention § 135.403 Sanctions for...

  19. 33 CFR 135.403 - Sanctions for failure to produce vessel Certificates of Financial Responsibility.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION COMPENSATION FUND Access, Denial, and Detention § 135.403 Sanctions for...

  20. 76 FR 58202 - TRICARE; TRICARE Sanction Authority for Third-Party Billing Agents

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-20

    ..., TRICARE Management Activity (TMA), or designee, with the authority to sanction third-party billing agents... instructions for submitting comments. Mail: Federal Docket Management System Office, 4800 Mark Center Drive.... Joy Saly, TRICARE Management Activity, Medical Benefits and Reimbursement Branch, telephone (303) 676...

  1. Military Careers: A Guide to Military Occupations and Selected Military Career Paths, 1992-1994.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Department of Defense, Washington, DC.

    This book was developed to help educators and youth learn about career opportunities in the military. It is a compendium of military occupational, training, and career information and is designed for use by students interested in the military. The first section, military occupations, contains descriptions of 197 enlisted and officer occupations.…

  2. Economic Development Assistance for Communities Affected by Employment Changes Due to Military Base Closures (BRAC)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-01-30

    to assess loan risk are the following: (1) the length of the proposed repayment period; (2) the ratio of expected annual debt service...develops an environmental remediation plan to enable the conveyance of surplus federal land to other entities.1 Military facilities were closed and...1 For a detailed examination of the BRAC process, For environmental remediation issues, see CRS Report RS21822, Military Base

  3. 19 CFR 210.33 - Failure to make or cooperate in discovery; sanctions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Failure to make or cooperate in discovery; sanctions. 210.33 Section 210.33 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTIGATIONS OF UNFAIR PRACTICES IN IMPORT TRADE ADJUDICATION AND ENFORCEMENT Discovery and Compulsory Process...

  4. 19 CFR 210.34 - Protective orders; reporting requirement; sanctions and other actions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ...; sanctions and other actions. 210.34 Section 210.34 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTIGATIONS OF UNFAIR PRACTICES IN IMPORT TRADE ADJUDICATION AND ENFORCEMENT Discovery and... order of the Commission or the administrative law judge; (7) That a trade secret or other confidential...

  5. The Social Determinants of Health in Military Forces of Iran: A Qualitative Study

    PubMed Central

    Sanaeinasab, Hormoz; Ghanei, Mostafa; Mehrabi Tavana, Ali; Ravangard, Ramin; Karamali, Mazyar

    2015-01-01

    Providing effective health interventions and achieving equity in health need to apply the community-based approaches such as social determinants of health. In the military organizations, these determinants have received less attention from the military health researchers and policymakers. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and explain the social determinants affecting the health of military forces in Iran. This was a qualitative study which was conducted in 2014. The required data were collected through semistructured interviews and analyzed through Conventional Content Analysis. The studied sample consisted of 22 military health experts, policymakers, and senior managers selected using purposeful sampling method with maximum variation sampling. MAXQDA.2007 was used to analyze the collected data. After analyzing the collected data, two main contents, that is, “general social determinants of health” and “military social determinants of health,” with 22 themes and 90 subthemes were identified as the social determinants of military forces' health. Main themes were religious rule, spirituality promotion policies, international military factors, military command, and so forth. Given the role and importance of social factors determining the military forces' health, it can be recommended that the military organizations should pay more attention to these determinants in making policies and creating social, economic, and cultural structures for their forces. PMID:26379716

  6. The Peaceful Uses of Military Forces. Praeger Special Studies in International Politics and Public Affairs.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hanning, Hugh

    This study of the peaceful uses of military forces (PUMF) offers a compendium of information and principles for the planning and conduct of such PUMF activities as meeting disaster or emergency relief situations, education and training, and economic and social projects. The provision of training opportunities by the military is a means of…

  7. Economic Development Assistance for Communities Affected by Employment Changes Due to Military Base Closures (BRAC)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-06-16

    resolution of disapproval is passed by Congress. Following the actual base closings and realignments, DOD develops an environmental remediation plan...examination of the BRAC process, For environmental remediation issues, see CRS Report RS21822, Military Base Closures: DOD’s 2005 Internal Selection...review and remediation . 2 Prior to the 1988 BRAC round, military installations were closed, or their missions were altered by order of the Secretary of

  8. [Problems and prospects of infectious diseases and HIV-infected military personnel register organization].

    PubMed

    Bolekhan, V N; Zagorodnikov, G G; Gorichnyĭ, V A; Orlova, E S; Nikolaev, P G

    2014-08-01

    An analysis of regulatory documents of the Ministry of Healthcare and the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation related to HIV/AIDS prevention was carried out. The current system of HIV/AIDS detection and registration among military and civil personnel was assessed. Problems and prospects of scientific-and-research laboratory (the register of infectious disease pathology and HIV-infected military personnel) of Scientific-and-research centre at the Kirov Military medical academy were discussed. It is proposed that the main direction of the laboratory activity will be the restoration of up-to-date records of military personnel with HIV/AIDS. This activity will provide the necessary information to responsible specialists of the Main state sanitary and epidemiological surveillance centre and the Main military medical department of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation for the sanitary and epidemiological surveillance for purposeful and economically feasible management decisions in the field of military personnel infection diseases prevention.

  9. Modeling the Unites States government's economic cost of noise-induced hearing loss for a military population.

    PubMed

    Tufts, Jennifer B; Weathersby, Paul K; Rodriguez, Francisco A

    2010-05-01

    The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the feasibility and utility of developing economic cost models for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). First, we outline an economic model of NIHL for a population of US Navy sailors with an "industrial"-type noise exposure. Next, we describe the effect on NIHL-related cost of varying the two central model inputs--the noise-exposure level and the duration of exposure. Such an analysis can help prioritize promising areas, to which limited resources to reduce NIHL-related costs should be devoted. NIHL-related costs borne by the US government were computed on a yearly basis using a finite element approach that took into account varying levels of susceptibility to NIHL. Predicted hearing thresholds for the population were computed with ANSI S3.44-1996 and then used as the basis for the calculation of NIHL-related costs. Annual and cumulative costs were tracked. Noise-exposure level and duration were systematically varied to determine their effects on the expected lifetime NIHL-related cost of a specific US Navy sailor population. Our nominal noise-exposure case [93 dB(A) for six years] yielded a total expected lifetime cost of US $13,472 per sailor, with plausible lower and upper bounds of US $2,500 and US $26,000. Starting with the nominal case, a decrease of 50% in exposure level or duration would yield cost savings of approximately 23% and 19%, respectively. We concluded that a reduction in noise level would be more somewhat more cost-effective than the same percentage reduction in years of exposure. Our economic cost model can be used to estimate the changes in NIHL-related costs that would result from changes in noise-exposure level and/or duration for a single military population. Although the model is limited at present, suggestions are provided for adapting it to civilian populations.

  10. Sanctions and childhood mortality in Iraq.

    PubMed

    Ali, M M; Shah, I H

    2000-05-27

    In 1999 UNICEF, in cooperation with the government of Iraq and the local authorities in the "autonomous" (northern Kurdish) region, conducted two similar surveys to provide regionally representative and reliable estimates of child mortality (the subject of this paper) and maternal mortality. In a cross-sectional household survey in the south/centre of Iraq in February and March, 1999, 23105 ever-married women aged 15-49 years living in sampled households were interviewed by trained interviewers with a structured questionnaire that was developed using the Demographic and Health Surveys questionnaire and following a pre-test. In a similar survey in the autonomous region in April and May 14 035 ever-married women age 15-49 were interviewed. In the south/centre, infant and under-5 mortality increased during the 10 years before the survey, which roughly corresponds to the period following the Gulf conflict and the start of the United Nations sanctions. Infant mortality rose from 47 per 1000 live births during 1984-89 to 108 per 1000 in 1994-99, and under-5 mortality rose from 56 to 131 per 1000 live births. In the autonomous region during the same period, infant mortality declined from 64 to 59 per 1000 and under-5 mortality fell from 80 to 72 per 1000. Childhood mortality was higher among children born in rural areas, children born to women with no education, and in boys, and these differentials were broadly similar in the two regions. Childhood mortality clearly increased after the Gulf conflict and under UN sanctions in the south/centre of Iraq, but in the autonomous region since the start of the Oil-for-Food Programme childhood mortality has begun to decline. Better food and resource allocation to the autonomous region contributed to the continued gains in lower mortality, whereas the situation in the south/centre deteriorated despite the high level of literacy in that region.

  11. Military Neurosurgery: A Range of Service Options.

    PubMed

    Menger, Richard P; Wolf, Michael E; Lang, Richard W; Smith, Donald R; Nanda, Anil; Letarte, Peter; Rosner, Michael K

    2016-06-01

    The pathway to military neurosurgical practice can include a number of accession options. This article is an objective comparison of fiscal, tangible, and intangible benefits provided through different military neurosurgery career paths. Neurosurgeons may train through active duty, reserve, or civilian pathways. These modalities were evaluated on the basis of economic data during residency and the initial 3 years afterwards. When available, military base pay, basic allowance for housing and subsistence, variable special pay, board certified pay, incentive pay, multiyear special pay, reserve drill pay, civilian salary, income tax, and other tax incentives were analyzed using publically available data. Civilians had lower residency pay, higher starting salaries, increased taxes, malpractice insurance cost, and increased overhead. Active duty service saw higher residency pay, lower starting salary, tax incentives, increased benefits, and almost no associated overhead including malpractice coverage. Reserve service saw a combination of civilian benefits with supplementation of reserve drill pay in return for weekend drill and the possibility of deployment and activation. Being a neurosurgeon in the military is extremely rewarding. From a financial perspective, ignoring intangibles, this article shows most entry pathways with initially modest differences between the cumulative salaries of active duty and civilian career paths and with higher overall compensation available from the reserve service option. These pathways become increasingly discrepant over time as civilian pay greatly exceeds that of military neurosurgeons. We hope that those curious about or considering serving in the United States military benefit from our accounting and review of these comparative paths. FAP, Financial Assistance ProgramNADDS, Navy Active Duty Delay for SpecialistsTMS, Training in Medical Specialties.

  12. The Cultural Impact of US-Arab Military Relations

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1981-06-24

    Society 43 --The Character of the Egyptian Military 45 --The Militavy as a Force in the Political System 48 --The Impact of Social Change 49 - Saudi...recently been increasihg its 2 -’" " ’ " - "’ . ... ""’ S’" . . . . ’ .. . -’"....-. . . " . . . ’- " "? " " economic and political ties with Arab states...issues at stake. Many political , economic, and social problems in this part of the world are inter- woven with religion. The force of Islam is still

  13. The Effect of the Threat of Legal Sanction on Program Retention and Completion: Is that Why They Stay in Drug Court?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hepburn, John R.; Harvey, Angela N.

    2007-01-01

    Drug courts routinely rely on the threat of legal sanction to motivate drug-using criminal offenders to enter and complete community-based treatment programs. In light of the high failure rates among drug court participants, what is the effect of the threat of legal sanction on program retention and completion? A quasiexperimental research design…

  14. Cultural self-awareness as a crucial component of military cross-cultural competence.

    PubMed

    Pappamihiel, Constantine J; Pappamihiel, Eleni

    2013-01-01

    The military forces in the United States represent a unique culture that includes many subcultures within their own military society. Acculturation into the military often deemphasizes the influence of personal narrative and thereby establishes the primacy of military culture over personal cultural influences. The authors make the argument that military personnel need to further develop an understanding and appreciation of personal cultural narrative as well as organizational culture. The increased integration of military personnel with interagency partners, along with cooperative efforts between relief organizations, and nongovernmental organizations in politically/economically unstable areas around the globe serves to make cross-cultural interaction unavoidable in the future. Military medical personnel are especially likely to interact with others who have culturally different values. These interactions can occur between organizations as easily as they can during patient care. They must be able to step outside of their military culture and develop cross-cultural competence that is grounded in cultural self-awareness. Without an appropriate level of cultural self-awareness, military and medical personnel run the risk of being unable to communicate across dissimilar cultures or worse, alienating key stakeholders in collaborative operations between military services, coalition partners, and nonmilitary organizations. It is the authors? contention that unless military personnel, especially those in the medical arena, are able to appropriately self-assess situations that are impacted by culture, both their own and the other personnel involved, the resulting cultural dissonance is more likely to derail any significant positive effect of such collaborations. 2013.

  15. Military Power of the People’s Republic of China 2007

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-06-08

    the Asia-Pacifi c Economic Cooperation ( APEC ) group, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ( ASEAN ), and the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF). The ...page left intentionally blank) IMilitary Power of the People’s Republic of China China’s rapid rise as a regional political and economic power with...under conditions of informatization.” China’s ability to sustain military power at a distance, at present,

  16. Translations on Eastern Europe Political, Sociological, and Military Affairs No. 1575

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1978-08-08

    Developments in European Communist Movement Assessed (Alfred Marter; HORIZONT, No 27, 1978) 49 Position of Churches, CDU on Military Training Stated...Editorial; FRANKFURTER RUNDSCHAU, 29 Jun 78) 58 Protestant League Guidelines CDU Position Paper West German Comment: GDR Church Hits School...conspicuously aggravated external economic conditions, the balance of the party’s economic policy is positive . Thus, the recent years are honorably linked with

  17. MilitaryKidsConnect: Web-based prevention services for military children.

    PubMed

    Blasko, Kelly A

    2015-08-01

    Military children often present with psychological health concerns related to their experience of deployments, reintegration, and frequent moves common in military life. MilitaryKidsConnect is a Department of Defense (DoD) Web site designed to enhance the coping of military children in the context of their military life experience. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of the Web site as a resource that provides psychoeducation, coping strategies, and peer support to military children. (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).

  18. Bibliography of Military and Non-Military Personnel Turnover Literature.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1982-11-01

    AD-A122 895 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MILITARY AND NON -MILIARY PERSONNEL / TURNOVER LITERATURE(U) AI F ORC E HUMAN RE SOURCE S LAB1 UN S O BROOKS AFB TX G A...MILITARY AND NON -MILrTARY Interim PERSONNEL TURNOVER LITERATURE I July 190- 31 January 1982 6 PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER 7. AUTHOR(s) . CONThACT OR...automated se e osf the lumt, the report is a cosmjuhmmlve b lfe of 259 military and 251 non -military studies of tur. The military turnover literature is

  19. The hot breath of the IRS: how trustees can avoid intermediate sanctions.

    PubMed

    Shifman, J C

    1999-06-01

    New regulations from the IRS, called "intermediate sanctions," impose stiff taxes and penalties on members of not-for-profit organizations responsible for "unreasonable" compensation. That means administrators, physicians, trustees, and others must be careful to comply with the letter of the law or risk having the IRS breathing heavily down your neck.

  20. 13 CFR 123.510 - What if you don't use your Military Reservist EIDL funds as authorized?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false What if you don't use your Military Reservist EIDL funds as authorized? 123.510 Section 123.510 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Military Reservist Economic Injury Disaster Loans § 123.510...

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