"3D Depositional Model in a Complex Incised Valley Fill: An example from the late Messinian Abu Madi Formation, Nile Delta Basin, Egypt"

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nasr El-Deen Badawy, A. M. E. S.; Abu El-Ata, A. S. A.

2016-12-01

The study area lies in the Central Marine Delta, which is located in the Baltim offshore concession, about 25 kms from the shoreline and 40 kms North Abu Madi-El Qara fields. The current study is aiming to give a comprehensive combined and conjugated study between well data and seismic survey interpretations. The former includes well logging data, acquired results of actual drilling and biostratigraphic study, to give an integrated picture for the considered area in a true attempt to visualize the geological and geophysical data given from both wells and seismic reflection surveys, and hence introduce an updated sequence stratigraphic framework for the Messinian sequence at the offshore Nile Delta area. The 3D geological model, based on all the available well data (faunal contents, litho-facies, log signatures…...etc.) and the seismic expressions (facies and geometry), has been constructed for the study area. This model shows that, the study area was changed from shelf (considered as erosional), to delta channels and then directed to the north. It changed to delta front mouth bars on the shoreface and affected by the main Rosetta fault to collect deposits as sand bars in the southern part on the downthrown side of the fault. Most deposits on this face were highstand system tracts. This deduced from the sequence stratigraphy study. The area was then sloped to the north, as shelf slope with the deposition of slumps, which was formed during erosions and mass flows. Some mud diapers also formed upon this slope. After dropping the sea level with the activity of some syn-sedimentary faults, some channels with sediment supply started their activities to dig their ways to the north.

3D Depositional Model in a Complex Incised Valley Fill: An Example from the Late Messinian Abu Madi Formation, Nile Delta Basin, Egypt

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nasr El-Deen Badawy, A. M. E. S.

2015-12-01

The study area lies in the Central Marine Delta, which is located in the Baltim offshore concession, about 25 kms from the shoreline and 40 kms North Abu Madi-El Qara fields. The current study is aiming to give a comprehensive combined and conjugated study between well data and seismic survey interpretations. The former includes well logging data, acquired results of actual drilling and biostratigraphic study, to give an integrated picture for the considered area in a true attempt to visualize the geological and geophysical data given from both wells and seismic reflection surveys, and hence introduce an updated sequence stratigraphic framework for the Messinian sequence at the offshore Nile Delta area. The 3D geological model, based on all the available well data (faunal contents, litho-facies, log signatures…...etc.) and the seismic expressions (facies and geometry), has been constructed for the study area. This model shows that, the study area was changed from shelf (considered as erosional), to delta channels and then directed to the north. It changed to delta front mouth bars on the shoreface and affected by the main Rosetta fault to collect deposits as sand bars in the southern part on the downthrown side of the fault. Most deposits on this face were highstand system tracts. This deduced from the sequence stratigraphy study. The area was then sloped to the north, as shelf slope with the deposition of slumps, which was formed during erosions and mass flows. Some mud diapers also formed upon this slope. After dropping the sea level with the activity of some syn-sedimentary faults, some channels with sediment supply started their activities to dig their ways to the north.

3D Depositional Model in a Complex Incised Valley Fill: An Example from the Late Messinian Abu Madi Formation, Nile Delta Basin, Egypt

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nasr El-Deen Badawy, A. M. E. S.

2016-02-01

The study area lies in the Central Marine Delta, which is located in the Baltim offshore concession, about 25 kms from the shoreline and 40 kms North Abu Madi-El Qara fields. The current study is aiming to give a comprehensive combined and conjugated study between well data and seismic survey interpretations. The former includes well logging data, acquired results of actual drilling and biostratigraphic study, to give an integrated picture for the considered area in a true attempt to visualize the geological and geophysical data given from both wells and seismic reflection surveys, and hence introduce an updated sequence stratigraphic framework for the Messinian sequence at the offshore Nile Delta area. The 3D geological model, based on all the available well data (faunal contents, litho-facies, log signatures…...etc.) and the seismic expressions (facies and geometry), has been constructed for the study area. This model shows that, the study area was changed from shelf (considered as erosional), to delta channels and then directed to the north. It changed to delta front mouth bars on the shoreface and affected by the main Rosetta fault to collect deposits as sand bars in the southern part on the downthrown side of the fault. Most deposits on this face were highstand system tracts. This deduced from the sequence stratigraphy study. The area was then sloped to the north, as shelf slope with the deposition of slumps, which was formed during erosions and mass flows. Some mud diapers also formed upon this slope. After dropping the sea level with the activity of some syn-sedimentary faults, some channels with sediment supply started their activities to dig their ways to the north.

76 FR 61666 - Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Program Advisory Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-05

... sent to Lauren Marshall, USDA Forest Service, Forest Management, Mailstop-1103, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20250- 1103. Comments may also be sent via e-mail to Lauren Marshall...

Analyzing the United States Air Force Organizational Structure - A Case for Reorganization

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-05-16

professional staff manning. 159 David R. Segal and Mady Wechsler Segal, “Change in Military Organization”, Annual Review of Sociology, no. 9 (1983): 156...budget (accessed February 7, 2011). Segal, David R., and Segal, Mady Wechsler . Change in Military Organization. Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 9 (1983...workforce. This does not include the intelligence organizations.” 91 Air Force Personnel Center, “Air Force Strength from 1948 thru 2010,” http://w11

How Should Resident Physicians Respond to Patients' Discomfort and Students' Moral Distress When Learning Procedures in Academic Medical Settings?

PubMed

Miller, Bonnie M

2017-06-01

In this scenario, a medical student, Lauren, experiences moral distress because she feels that learning to perform a procedure on a patient who requested not to be used for "practice" puts her own interests above the patient's. Lauren might also worry that the resident physician is misrepresenting her abilities. The resident physician could help alleviate Lauren's distress and align her interests with the patient's by more clearly explaining the training situation to the patient and seeking the patient's approval. Lauren might also manage the situation by assuring the patient of the resident's supervisory role. This article argues that trainees should have the opportunities to practice procedures and difficult conversations in simulated settings and that institutions should support a culture of "speaking up" to ensure patients' and learners' safety. © 2017 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.

POSTER FOR NRMRL QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN (QMP) TRAINING COURSE

EPA Science Inventory

NRMRL QMP Training Course
Contact: Lauren Drees, NRMRL/STD (drees.lauren@epa.gov)

NRMRL has developed a computer-based course to train personnel in the requirements of the NRMRL Quality Management Plan (QMP). This training course was developed using Trainersoft s...

78 FR 55774 - Information Collection Available for Public Comments and Recommendations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-11

... INFORMATION CONTACT: Lauren Brand, Maritime Administration, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590. Telephone: 202-366- 7057; or email lauren.brand@dot.gov . Copies of this collection also can be obtained... of approval by the Office of Management and Budget. Summary of Collection of Information: The...

78 FR 77202 - Request for Comments of a Previously Approved Information Collection

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-20

... below is being forwarded to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for review and comments. A Federal... FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Lauren Brand, Director, Office of Marine Highways and Passenger Services, MAR... 20590. Telephone: 202-366-7057; or email lauren.brand@dot.gov . Copies of this collection also can be...

Validate Mitotic Checkpoint and Kinetochore Motor Proteins in Breast Cancer Cells as Targets for the Development of Novel Anti-Mitotic Drugs

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-07-01

checkpoint pathway remains to MAD1 MAD1 xMADI be clarified, it is dear that all of them MAD2 MAD2 xMAD2 are essential for cells to arrest in mitosis MPS1 ...TrK in response to unattached kineto- chores. Given that MPS1 , BUB1 and (G) Structural Proteins/Unknown Functions the Mad3-related BUBR1 are all pro...BUB3, MADI, MAD2, MAD3, and MPS1 have been shown to be essential for establishing the checkpoint response in all eukaryotes examined to date (Abrieu et

Real options valuation in the design of Future surface combatants

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-06-01

VALUATION IN THE DESIGN OF FUTURE SURFACE COMBATANTS by Lauren B. Majchrzak June 2017 Thesis Advisor: Johnathan Mun Second Reader: Tom...thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE REAL OPTIONS VALUATION IN THE DESIGN OF FUTURE SURFACE COMBATANTS 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 6. AUTHOR(S) Lauren B. Majchrzak...meeting their service-life expectancy of 40 years. Modular Adaptable Ship (MAS) designs that include flexibility, decoupled payloads from the platform

U.S. Army Research Institute Unrestricted Publications, Fiscal Year 2011

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-04-01

Alice Hirzel, Jennifer Stern, Steven Aude, Lauren Tindall, & Jeffrey E. Fite. July 2011. (ADA 546285) The Iraq and Afghanistan campaigns have...Hirzel, Jennifer Stern, Steven Aude, Lauren Tindall, & Jeffrey E. Fite. July 2011. (ADM002361 / CD-ROM) The Iraq and Afghanistan campaigns have...James P. Bliss, Steven A. Minnis, Jeffery Wilkinson, Thomas Mastaglio, & John S. Barnett. April 2011. (ADA543054) The purpose of this report is

Additional Analysis of the ESTCP Discrimination Study Data at Camp Sibert, Alabama. Project 200504: Practical Discrimination Strategies for Application to Live Sites

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-10-20

Dr. Stephen Billings Dr. Leonard Pasion Sky Research, Inc) Laurens Beran UBC-GIF Approved for public release; distribution...Sites 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Contract # W912HQ-05-C-0018 6. AUTHOR(S) Dr. Stephen Billings, Dr. Leonard Pasion (Sky Research, Inc.) Laurens Beran...representative of the test datasets. ESTCP MM-0504: Additional Analysis of Camp Sibert Data Sky Research Inc October 2008 References [1] L.R. Pasion , N

[Evaluation of traditional pathological classification at molecular classification era for gastric cancer].

PubMed

Yu, Yingyan

2014-01-01

Histopathological classification is in a pivotal position in both basic research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. Currently, there are different classification systems in basic science and clinical application. In medical literatures, different classifications are used including Lauren and WHO systems, which have confused many researchers. Lauren classification has been proposed for half a century, but is still used worldwide. It shows many advantages of simple, easy handling with prognostic significance. The WHO classification scheme is better than Lauren classification in that it is continuously being revised according to the progress of gastric cancer, and is always used in the clinical and pathological diagnosis of common scenarios. Along with the progression of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics researches, molecular classification of gastric cancer becomes the current hot topics. The traditional therapeutic approach based on phenotypic characteristics of gastric cancer will most likely be replaced with a gene variation mode. The gene-targeted therapy against the same molecular variation seems more reasonable than traditional chemical treatment based on the same morphological change.

75 FR 6403 - National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Classifications and Public Health Data Standards...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-09

... 10, 2010: Acquired absence of joint Brain death Eaton-Lambert Syndrome E. coli infection Fluency... 20782, e-mail [email protected] , telephone 301-458-4106 (diagnosis), Mady Hue, Health Insurance Specialist, Division of Acute Care, CMS, 7500 Security Blvd., Baltimore, Maryland 21244, e-mail [email protected

47 CFR 90.614 - Segments of the 806-824/851-869 MHz band for non-border areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., Jasper, Jeff Davis, Jefferson, Jenkins, Johnson, Jones, Lamar, Lanier, Laurens, Lee, Liberty, Lincoln..., Thomas, Tift, Toombs, Towns, Treutlen, Troup, Turner, Twiggs, Union, Upson, Walker, Walton, Ware, Warren...

47 CFR 90.614 - Segments of the 806-824/851-869 MHz band for non-border areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., Jasper, Jeff Davis, Jefferson, Jenkins, Johnson, Jones, Lamar, Lanier, Laurens, Lee, Liberty, Lincoln..., Thomas, Tift, Toombs, Towns, Treutlen, Troup, Turner, Twiggs, Union, Upson, Walker, Walton, Ware, Warren...

47 CFR 90.614 - Segments of the 806-824/851-869 MHz band for non-border areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., Jasper, Jeff Davis, Jefferson, Jenkins, Johnson, Jones, Lamar, Lanier, Laurens, Lee, Liberty, Lincoln..., Thomas, Tift, Toombs, Towns, Treutlen, Troup, Turner, Twiggs, Union, Upson, Walker, Walton, Ware, Warren...

77 FR 72886 - Amendment of Statement of Organization and Functions; Restructuring of National Labor Relations...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-06

..., Jenkins, Johnson, Jones, Lamar, Laurens, Lee, Liberty, Lincoln, Long, Lumpkin, McDuffie, McIntosh, Macon..., Seward, Sherman, Stanton, Thayer, Thomas, Thurston, Valley, Washington, Wayne, Webster, Wheeler, and York...

DETECTION OF K-RAS AND P53 MUTATIONS IN SPUTUM SAMPLES OF LUNG CANCER PATIENTS USING LASER CAPTURE MICRODISSECTION MICROSCOPE AND MUTATION ANALYSIS

EPA Science Inventory

Detection of K-ras and p53 Mutations in Sputum Samples of Lung Cancer Patients Using Laser Capture Microdissection Microscope and Mutation Analysis

Phouthone Keohavong a,*, Wei-Min Gao a, Kui-Cheng Zheng a, Hussam Mady b, Qing Lan c, Mona Melhem b, and Judy Mumford d.
<...

Treadmill Kinematics Baseline Data Collection

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-12

PHOTO DATE: 5-12-11 LOCATION: Building 261 - Room 138 SUBJECT: Expedition 29 Preflight Training with Dan Burbank during Treadmill Kinematics Baseline Data Collection. WORK ORDER: 2011-1214 PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

Exploring the Dynamic Relationship between the Accelerative Integrated Method (AIM) and the Core French Teachers Who Use It: Why Agency and Experience Matter

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arnott, Stephanie

2011-01-01

Over the last decade, almost 4,000 Canadian schools have moved to using the Accelerative Integrated Method (AIM) for core French (CF) instruction. Following researchers' recommendations (Brumfit, 1984; Lapkin, Mady, & Arnott, 2009; Larsen-Freeman, 1996, 2000; Prahbu, 1990), I am shifting the focus in this case study from product to process. In…

Expedition 21 astronauts Jeff Williams and Nicole Stott

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-06-24

Date: 6-24-09 Location: Bldg 9NW - Node 1 Training Area Subject: Expedition 21 astronauts Jeff Williams and Nicole Scott during new Vestibule Procedures training with instructor Michael Steele. Photographer: Lauren Harnett

The Red Dress: Getting to the Heart of Women's Health

MedlinePlus

... Dereon (center right), and Nelly Furtado for Betsey Johnson (far right). Photo courtesy NIH/NHLBI For the ... Donna Karan, Ralph Lauren, Luca Luca, and Betsey Johnson. "In my own family, there is a history ...

Celebrities Gather to Fight Heart Disease

MedlinePlus

... Kimberly Guilfoyle Villency, Kim Cattrall, Katharine McPhee, Sheila Johnson, Danica Patrick, Angela Bassett, Mae Jemison, Lauren Hutton, ... Matlin, Zuleyka Rivera, Natalie Morales, Helena Christensen, Betsey Johnson, Kelly Ripa, Kristin Chenoweth, Billie Jean King, Jane ...

A Study on the Effects of Variable Surface Area to Volume Ratio on Closed Bomb Burn Rates

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-10-01

chrarge amnplif ier. Data acquisition was madie onl a Nic -olet Explorer Ill digital oscilloscope, followed by dlata reduction on aI PUP 11/34 coimpiterA...of Tech Jet PropulsLon Laboratory 2 Thiokol Corporation ATTN: L. D. StrandElkton Division 4800 Oak Grove Drive ATL’N: R. Biddle PsdnC 10 Tec~h Lib

Simulating a Submarine Hydrothermal Vent

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-01-16

A team of scientists at NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory is testing whether organic molecules can be brewed in a simulated ocean vent. Pictured here is Lauren White, a member of the NASA Astrobiology Icy Worlds team.

jsc2013e030873

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-05-10

PHOTO DATE: 10 MAY 2013 LOCATION: Neutral Buoyancy Lab - Underwater SUBJECT: NBL EVA dive with Terry Virts and Samantha Cristoforetti in support of ISS ammonia leak trouble-shooting. PHOTOGRAPHER: NBL/Bill Brassard/Kelly Rives/Lauren Hansen

jsc2013e030874

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-05-10

PHOTO DATE: 10 MAY 2013 LOCATION: Neutral Buoyancy Lab - Underwater SUBJECT: NBL EVA dive with Terry Virts and Samantha Cristoforetti in support of ISS ammonia leak trouble-shooting. PHOTOGRAPHER: NBL/Bill Brassard/Kelly Rives/Lauren Hansen

jsc2013e030876

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-05-10

PHOTO DATE: 10 MAY 2013 LOCATION: Neutral Buoyancy Lab - Underwater SUBJECT: NBL EVA dive with Terry Virts and Samantha Cristoforetti in support of ISS ammonia leak trouble-shooting. PHOTOGRAPHER: NBL/Bill Brassard/Kelly Rives/Lauren Hansen

47 CFR 90.614 - Segments of the 806-824/851-869 MHz band for non-border areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., Henry, Houston, Jackson, Jefferson, Lamar, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Lee, Limestone, Lowndes, Macon, Madison..., Jasper, Jeff Davis, Jefferson, Jenkins, Johnson, Jones, Lamar, Lanier, Laurens, Lee, Liberty, Lincoln..., Lawrence, Leake, Lee, Lincoln, Lowndes, Madison, Marion, Monroe, Montgomery, Neshoba, Newton, Noxubee...

47 CFR 90.614 - Segments of the 806-824/851-869 MHz band for non-border areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., Henry, Houston, Jackson, Jefferson, Lamar, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Lee, Limestone, Lowndes, Macon, Madison..., Jasper, Jeff Davis, Jefferson, Jenkins, Johnson, Jones, Lamar, Lanier, Laurens, Lee, Liberty, Lincoln..., Lawrence, Leake, Lee, Lincoln, Lowndes, Madison, Marion, Monroe, Montgomery, Neshoba, Newton, Noxubee...

jsc2012e237298

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237350

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237357

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237296

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237340

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237304

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237343

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237330

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237305

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237307

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237333

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237314

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237309

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237295

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237319

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237297

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237317

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237323

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237355

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237324

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2012e237346

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-05

DATE: 11-5-12 LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR Lab SUBJECT: Expedition 38 crew members Mike Hopkins, Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during ROBO/EVA VR LAB training with instructors Jason A. Campbell and Alex Kanelakos. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2014e045626

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-05-16

DATE: 5-16-14. LOCATION: Bldg. 16N, Room 1040. SUBJECT: Expedition 47 (Soyuz 45) crew members Tim Kopra and Timothy Peake during FF T&C/R ADV2 training in the SES Alpha Cupola. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2014e045623

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-05-16

DATE: 5-16-14. LOCATION: Bldg. 16N, Room 1040. SUBJECT: Expedition 47 (Soyuz 45) crew members Tim Kopra and Timothy Peake during FF T&C/R ADV2 training in the SES Alpha Cupola. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e090943

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-10-25

DATE: 10-25-13 LOCATION: Bldg 16, Rm 1040 SUBJECT: Expedition 42/43 crew members Samantha Cristoforetti, Barry Wilmore, Terry Virts during FF T&C/R Mini Sim 1 in the SES Alpha Cupola trainer. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e090954

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-10-25

DATE: 10-25-13 LOCATION: Bldg 16, Rm 1040 SUBJECT: Expedition 42/43 crew members Samantha Cristoforetti, Barry Wilmore, Terry Virts during FF T&C/R Mini Sim 1 in the SES Alpha Cupola trainer. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e090942

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-10-25

DATE: 10-25-13 LOCATION: Bldg 16, Rm 1040 SUBJECT: Expedition 42/43 crew members Samantha Cristoforetti, Barry Wilmore, Terry Virts during FF T&C/R Mini Sim 1 in the SES Alpha Cupola trainer. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e090921

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-10-25

DATE: 10-25-13 LOCATION: Bldg 16, Rm 1040 SUBJECT: Expedition 42/43 crew members Samantha Cristoforetti, Barry Wilmore, Terry Virts during FF T&C/R Mini Sim 1 in the SES Alpha Cupola trainer. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e090929

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-10-25

DATE: 10-25-13 LOCATION: Bldg 16, Rm 1040 SUBJECT: Expedition 42/43 crew members Samantha Cristoforetti, Barry Wilmore, Terry Virts during FF T&C/R Mini Sim 1 in the SES Alpha Cupola trainer. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e090931

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-10-25

DATE: 10-25-13 LOCATION: Bldg 16, Rm 1040 SUBJECT: Expedition 42/43 crew members Samantha Cristoforetti, Barry Wilmore, Terry Virts during FF T&C/R Mini Sim 1 in the SES Alpha Cupola trainer. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e090940

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-10-25

DATE: 10-25-13 LOCATION: Bldg 16, Rm 1040 SUBJECT: Expedition 42/43 crew members Samantha Cristoforetti, Barry Wilmore, Terry Virts during FF T&C/R Mini Sim 1 in the SES Alpha Cupola trainer. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e090927

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-10-25

DATE: 10-25-13 LOCATION: Bldg 16, Rm 1040 SUBJECT: Expedition 42/43 crew members Samantha Cristoforetti, Barry Wilmore, Terry Virts during FF T&C/R Mini Sim 1 in the SES Alpha Cupola trainer. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e090938

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-10-25

DATE: 10-25-13 LOCATION: Bldg 16, Rm 1040 SUBJECT: Expedition 42/43 crew members Samantha Cristoforetti, Barry Wilmore, Terry Virts during FF T&C/R Mini Sim 1 in the SES Alpha Cupola trainer. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e090922

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-10-25

DATE: 10-25-13 LOCATION: Bldg 16, Rm 1040 SUBJECT: Expedition 42/43 crew members Samantha Cristoforetti, Barry Wilmore, Terry Virts during FF T&C/R Mini Sim 1 in the SES Alpha Cupola trainer. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e090939

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-10-25

DATE: 10-25-13 LOCATION: Bldg 16, Rm 1040 SUBJECT: Expedition 42/43 crew members Samantha Cristoforetti, Barry Wilmore, Terry Virts during FF T&C/R Mini Sim 1 in the SES Alpha Cupola trainer. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2014e077199

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-08-12

DATE: 8-12-14 LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during docking of the "Georges Lemaitre" Automated Transfer Vehicle-5 to the aft port of the Zvezda Service Module. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2014e077215

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-08-12

DATE: 8-12-14 LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during docking of the "Georges Lemaitre" Automated Transfer Vehicle-5 to the aft port of the Zvezda Service Module. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

Presentations - Lande, Lauren and others, 2015 | Alaska Division of

Science.gov Websites

Details Title: A petrological model for emplacement of the ultramafic Ni-Cu-PGE Alpha complex, eastern , Newberry, R.J., and Twelker, Evan, 2015, A petrological model for emplacement of the ultramafic Ni-Cu-PGE Sheets Maps & Other Oversized Sheets Sheet 1 A petrological model for emplacement of the ultramafic

Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (79th, Anaheim, CA, August 10-13, 1996). Visual Communication and Science and Health Communication Division.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication.

The Visual Communication and Science and Health Communication section of the proceedings contains the following 12 papers: "The Designers' Toolbox: Newsroom Experience and Ideal Characteristics of Newspaper Designers" (Wayne Wanta and Lauren Danner); "Patterned Image of the Homeless: Discourse Analysis of Television News…

77 FR 50545 - Members of Senior Executive Service Performance Review Boards

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-21

... Strategy (SB/SE) Gregory E. Kane, Deputy Chief Financial Officer, Chief Financial Office (CFO) Sheldon M.... Krieg, IRS Human Capital Officer, Human Capital Office (HCO) Pamela J. LaRue, Chief Financial Officer...) Lauren Buschor, Associate Chief Information Officer (CIO), Enterprise Operations, Information Technology...

The Impact of Network Performance on Warfighter Effectiveness

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-01-01

SECURITY TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE WORKFORCE AND WORKPLACE The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit research organization providing objective...Support Es- tablishment, Auckland , New Zealand), 2000. Lauren, M., R. Stephen, and N. Hore, “Application of the MANA Model to Operations in East Timor

jsc2014e031497

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-03-27

DATE: 3-27-14.LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231).SUBJECT: Expedition 39 flight controllers on console with Flight Director Ron Spencer watch the approach of the Soyuz 39 crew docking to the ISS from FCR-1..PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2014e031517

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-03-27

DATE: 3-27-14.LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231).SUBJECT: Expedition 39 flight controllers on console with Flight Director Ron Spencer watch the approach of the Soyuz 39 crew docking to the ISS from FCR-1..PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2014e031522

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-03-27

DATE: 3-27-14.LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231).SUBJECT: Expedition 39 flight controllers on console with Flight Director Ron Spencer watch the approach of the Soyuz 39 crew docking to the ISS from FCR-1..PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2014e031513

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-03-27

DATE: 3-27-14.LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231).SUBJECT: Expedition 39 flight controllers on console with Flight Director Ron Spencer watch the approach of the Soyuz 39 crew docking to the ISS from FCR-1..PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2014e031512

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-03-27

DATE: 3-27-14.LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231).SUBJECT: Expedition 39 flight controllers on console with Flight Director Ron Spencer watch the approach of the Soyuz 39 crew docking to the ISS from FCR-1..PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2014e031521

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-03-27

DATE: 3-27-14.LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231).SUBJECT: Expedition 39 flight controllers on console with Flight Director Ron Spencer watch the approach of the Soyuz 39 crew docking to the ISS from FCR-1..PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

DEVELOP students give presentation at Headquarters

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-08-07

DEVELOP students from Stennis Space Center traveled to NASA's Headquarters in Washington, D.C., to make a presentation on Gulf Coast disaster management. The team included Madeline Brozen (left) and Lauren Childs. They were joined by team member Matthew Batina (not pictured).

Compendium of Operations Research and Economic Analysis Studies.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-09-01

Project 6034 ) 88-19. Enhanced DLA Distribution System (EDDS) - "Pooling" (June 1988) This study looked at the "pooling" concept as proposed under the EIDDS...1-3., Mi3 1 1 ionl. 81-19. LLt Warenousia, tiju Stkrj’.te t\\UL~jidJ’L ytot!ai .ca Analysis (mady 1961) *This r elpr L dOUCctIens anl UCOnIO:li

Helping General Physical Educators and Adapted Physical Educators Address the Office of Civil Rights Dear Colleague Guidance Letter: Part IV--Sport Groups

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lieberman, Lauren; Lucas, Mark; Jones, Jeffery; Humphreys, Dan; Cody, Ann; Vaughn, Bev; Storms, Tommie

2013-01-01

"Helping General Physical Educators and Adapted Physical Educators Address the Office of Civil Rights Dear Colleague Guidance Letter: Part IV--Sport Groups" provides the the following articles: (1) "Sport Programming Offered by Camp Abilities and the United States Association for Blind Athletes" (Lauren Lieberman and Mark…

78 FR 19460 - Marine Protected Areas Federal Advisory Committee; Public Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-01

... Areas Federal Advisory Committee; Public Meeting AGENCY: Office of National Marine Sanctuaries (ONMS... meeting via web conference call of the Marine Protected Areas Federal Advisory Committee (Committee). The... presentations as they are being given. Members of the public wishing to listen in should contact Lauren Wenzel...

DACA-Lamented? Spared Deportation, Immigrant Students Still Face Higher Ed Barriers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burke, Lauren A.

2014-01-01

In this brief article, immigration lawyer and executive director of Atlas: DIY Lauren Burke describes the challenges faced by "DACA-mented" students--those who have received deportation reprieve through President Obama's 2012 memorandum. Atlas: DIY (www.atlasdiy.org) is a cooperative center for undocumented youth and their allies in…

UXO Discrimination Using Vehicle Towed and Man Portable Sensor Data Collected at Camp Beale, California

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-11-01

UXO Discrimination Using Vehicle Towed and Man Portable Sensor Data Collected at Camp Beale, California Len Pasion , Laurens Beran, Stephen Billings...PORTABLE SENSOR DATA COLLECTED AT CAMP BEALE, CALIFORNIA LEN PASION Sky Research 112A 2386 East Mall Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3 CANADA (604) 221

Mental Health Issues in Rural Nursing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Babich, Karen S., Comp.

Five papers cover recent developments in rural mental health nursing. "Rural Mental Health Care: A Survey of the Research" (Karen Babich) chronicles recent interest in understanding the rural population's character and the nature of mental health services needed by and provided to rural America. Lauren Aaronson ("Using Health…

Science and Math Assessment in K-6 Rural and Small Schools. Rural, Small Schools Network Information Exchange: Number 14, Spring 1993.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Regional Laboratory for Educational Improvement of the Northeast & Islands, Andover, MA.

This packet includes reprints of journal articles and other resources concerning the assessment of science and math in small, rural elementary schools. Articles include: (1) "Standards, Assessment, and Educational Quality" (Lauren B. Resnick); (2) "A True Test: Toward More Authentic and Equitable Assessment" (Grant Wiggins); (3) "How World-Class…

jsc2017e009755

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-01-26

jsc2017e009755 (01/26/2017) --- Former NFL player Sammy Davis (Chargers, 49ers, Buccaneers) checks out a NASA Spacesuit while on tour at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) as part of JSC's Super Bowl Tailgate event the week before the Super Bowl game. NASA PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett.

Presentations - Twelker, Evan and Lande, Lauren, 2015 | Alaska Division of

Science.gov Websites

Geological & Geophysical Surveys Skip to content State of Alaska myAlaska My Government Resident Business in Alaska Visiting Alaska State Employees DGGS State of Alaska search Alaska Division of (AVO) Mineral Resources Alaska's Mineral Industry Reports AKGeology.info Rare Earth Elements WebGeochem

Linking School and Work: Roles for Standards and Assessment. First Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Resnick, Lauren B., Ed.; Wirt, John G., Ed.

This book contains 12 papers commissioned by the Secretary's Commission for Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS) to develop the SCANS recommendations concerning the role of standards and assessment in the transition from school to work. "The Changing Workplace" (Lauren B. Resnick, John G. Wirt) offers a summary of the 12 papers.…

The Cruel Optimism of Education and Education's Implication with "Passing-on"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Di Paolantonio, Mario

2016-01-01

In this article I draw on Lauren Berlant's notion of "cruel optimism" to identify and untangle how the prevailing sense of "optimism" in education works against our common hope or collective striving for what is educational in education. In particular, I discuss how the "cruel optimism" that invites individuals to…

Instances of Use of United States Armed Forces Abroad, 1798-2015

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-15

and 5,500 third country nationals and South Vietnamese from landing zones near the U.S. embassy in Saigon and the Tan Son Nhut Airfield. Mayaguez...Thomas J. Nicola . CRS Report R43344, The Crisis in South Sudan, by Lauren Ploch Blanchard. CRS Report R43377, Crisis in the Central African Republic

Human Rights and Curricular Policy in Latin America and the Caribbean

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Suarez, David F.

2007-01-01

Human rights have become increasingly salient for nations, organizations, and individuals since the end of World War II (Lauren 2003). Discussions of human rights now are common in formal education, including in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). A variety of indicators suggest that countries in Latin America have integrated human rights into…

Risky Business: An Integrated Institutional Theory for Understanding High-Risk Decision Making in Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turner, Lauren A.; Angulo, A. J.

2018-01-01

Lauren A. Turner and A. J. Angulo explore how institutional theory can be applied to explain variance in higher education organizational strategies. Given strong regulatory, normative, and cultural-cognitive pressures to conform, they ask, why do some colleges engage in high-risk decision making? To answer this, they bring together classic and…

Toward the Thinking Curriculum: Current Cognitive Research. 1989 ASCD Yearbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Resnick, Lauren B., Ed.; Klopfer, Leopold E., Ed.

A project of the Center for the Study of Learning at the University of Pittsburgh, this yearbook combines the two major trends/concerns impacting the future of educational development for the next decade: knowledge and thinking. The yearbook comprises the following chapters: (1) "Toward the Thinking Curriculum: An Overview" (Lauren B.…

DEVELOP Students

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-07-03

DEVELOP team members at Stennis Space Center for the summer 2007 term are (from left): front row, students Deirdra Boley, Jason Jones, Lauren Childs, Craig Matthews and Denise Spindel; back row, advisers Cheri Miller of NASA, Kenton Ross of Science Systems and Applications Inc., Andra Johnson of Southern University and Roxzana Moore, SSAI.

77 FR 12792 - Notice of Forest Service Land Management Plans To Be Amended To Incorporate Greater Sage-Grouse...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-02

... Basin Region: Web site: http://www.blm.gov/wo/st/en/prog/more/sagegrouse/western.html . Email: sagewest...: Lauren Mermejo, Great Basin Region Project Manager, telephone 775-861-6400; address 1340 Financial.../sagegrouse/eastern.html , and for the Great Basin Region at http://www.blm.gov/wo/st/en/prog/more/sagegrouse...

Search Engines for Tomorrow's Scholars, Part Two

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fagan, Jody Condit

2012-01-01

This two-part article considers how well some of today's search tools support scholars' work. The first part of the article reviewed Google Scholar and Microsoft Academic Search using a modified version of Carole L. Palmer, Lauren C. Teffeau, and Carrier M. Pirmann's framework (2009). Microsoft Academic Search is a strong contender when…

40 CFR 81.311 - Georgia.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Jasper County X Jeff Davis County X Jefferson County X Jenkins County X Johnson County X Jones County X... Jasper County X Jeff Davis County X Jefferson County X Jenkins County X Johnson County X Jones County X... County Jenkins County Johnson County Jones County Lamar County Lanier County Laurens County Lee County...

40 CFR 81.311 - Georgia.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Jasper County X Jeff Davis County X Jefferson County X Jenkins County X Johnson County X Jones County X... Jenkins County X Johnson County X Jones County X Lamar County X Lanier County X Laurens County X Lee... County Jasper County Jeff Davis County Jefferson County Jenkins County Johnson County Jones County Lamar...

40 CFR 81.311 - Georgia.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Jasper County X Jeff Davis County X Jefferson County X Jenkins County X Johnson County X Jones County X... Jasper County X Jeff Davis County X Jefferson County X Jenkins County X Johnson County X Jones County X... County Jenkins County Johnson County Jones County Lamar County Lanier County Laurens County Lee County...

78 FR 22879 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-17

... in concert with a control group consisting of Mr. Reid, Jacob Reid, Lauren Reid Patton, Cathy Switzer... FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company The notificants listed below have applied under the Change in Bank Control Act (12 U.S.C...

Library of Congress Gives Teachers Digital Access to All Knowledge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Orchowski, Peggy

2009-01-01

"Learning to think is the real goal of educators," said Lauren Resnick, internationally known University of Pittsburgh professor of cognitive science, in mid-March at the Library of Congress (LOC). "The real pedagogical conflict is over what comes first: content or thinking skills?" According to Resnick, new brain research leads to the answer:…

Diagnosing and Treating Millennial Student Disillusionment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cardon, Lauren S.

2014-01-01

In this article, Lauren S. Cardon states that what faculty see as student apathy or disengagement in the millennial generation is due to a number of factors, most of which are associated with the technological revolution. Millennial students are generally resistant to highly abstract material if not given the opportunity to reflect on its…

jsc2017e009669

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-01-26

jsc2017e009669 (01/26/2017) --- Former NFL players sign autographs for Johnson Space Center (JSC) staff members as part of the JSC Super Bowl Tailgate event. The former NFL Prayers were invited to tour JSC as guests of the Center Director the week before the Super Bowl game. NASA Photographer: Lauren Harnett

The Power of Expectations: Two Stories

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simms, Laurene E.

2014-01-01

This article describes the power of the word "CAN". The author, Laurene E. Simms reports that as a poor, black, deaf youngster her teacher's facial expressions conveyed their feelings that she was of low IQ and mentally retarded, however two persons had a positive impact on her, her father and 7th grade math teacher. They challenged…

jsc2013e100869

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-24

DATE: 12-24-13 LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during Expedition 38's 2nd Spacewalk to repair a faulty ISS Coolant pump with Astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins. Flight Director: Dina Contella, Capcom's Doug Wheelock, Aki Hoshide, and Lead U.S. Spacewalk Officer Allison Bolinger. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e100852

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-24

DATE: 12-24-13 LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during Expedition 38's 2nd Spacewalk to repair a faulty ISS Coolant pump with Astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins. Flight Director: Dina Contella, Capcom's Doug Wheelock, Aki Hoshide, and Lead U.S. Spacewalk Officer Allison Bolinger. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e100844

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-24

DATE: 12-24-13 LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during Expedition 38's 2nd Spacewalk to repair a faulty ISS Coolant pump with Astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins. Flight Director: Dina Contella, Capcom's Doug Wheelock, Aki Hoshide, and Lead U.S. Spacewalk Officer Allison Bolinger. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e100870

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-24

DATE: 12-24-13 LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during Expedition 38's 2nd Spacewalk to repair a faulty ISS Coolant pump with Astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins. Flight Director: Dina Contella, Capcom's Doug Wheelock, Aki Hoshide, and Lead U.S. Spacewalk Officer Allison Bolinger. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e100843

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-24

DATE: 12-24-13 LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during Expedition 38's 2nd Spacewalk to repair a faulty ISS Coolant pump with Astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins. Flight Director: Dina Contella, Capcom's Doug Wheelock, Aki Hoshide, and Lead U.S. Spacewalk Officer Allison Bolinger. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e100867

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-24

DATE: 12-24-13 LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during Expedition 38's 2nd Spacewalk to repair a faulty ISS Coolant pump with Astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins. Flight Director: Dina Contella, Capcom's Doug Wheelock, Aki Hoshide, and Lead U.S. Spacewalk Officer Allison Bolinger. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e100827

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-24

DATE: 12-24-13 LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during Expedition 38's 2nd Spacewalk to repair a faulty ISS Coolant pump with Astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins. Flight Director: Dina Contella, Capcom's Doug Wheelock, Aki Hoshide, and Lead U.S. Spacewalk Officer Allison Bolinger. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e100873

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-24

DATE: 12-24-13 LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during Expedition 38's 2nd Spacewalk to repair a faulty ISS Coolant pump with Astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins. Flight Director: Dina Contella, Capcom's Doug Wheelock, Aki Hoshide, and Lead U.S. Spacewalk Officer Allison Bolinger. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e100855

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-24

DATE: 12-24-13 LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during Expedition 38's 2nd Spacewalk to repair a faulty ISS Coolant pump with Astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins. Flight Director: Dina Contella, Capcom's Doug Wheelock, Aki Hoshide, and Lead U.S. Spacewalk Officer Allison Bolinger. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

jsc2013e100831

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-24

DATE: 12-24-13 LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during Expedition 38's 2nd Spacewalk to repair a faulty ISS Coolant pump with Astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins. Flight Director: Dina Contella, Capcom's Doug Wheelock, Aki Hoshide, and Lead U.S. Spacewalk Officer Allison Bolinger. PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

INFINITY harvest

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-05-07

Lauren Lombard from Benjamin E. Mays Preparatory School in New Orleans enjoys lettuce she helped to harvest at the INFINITY at NASA Stennis Space Center facility May 7, 2012. The Louisiana students assisted in the first harvest of lettuce from the Controlled Environment Agriculture unit, which uses an aeroponic process that involves no soil and advance LED lighting techniques

Presentations - Twelker, Evan and others, 2014 | Alaska Division of

Science.gov Websites

Resident Business in Alaska Visiting Alaska State Employees DGGS State of Alaska search Alaska Division of Details Title: Preliminary results from 2014 geologic mapping in the Talkeetna Mountains, Alaska Lande, Lauren, 2014, Preliminary results from 2014 geologic mapping in the Talkeetna Mountains, Alaska

The Attack of the Pod People

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schneider, Robert

2006-01-01

In an article in the "Northern Star," a university student newspaper, reporter Lauren Stott began a lyrical note: "It's every student's dream: Wake up for school, stumble over to the computer, and download the day's class lectures ... then crawl back into bed--iPod in one hand, notebook in the other." The object of the student journalist's…

Hope in Uncertainty

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miranda, Maria Eugenia

2012-01-01

When President Barack Obama announced that he would direct the Department of Homeland Security to grant deferred deportation and a work permit for two years to undocumented immigrant youth who meet certain criteria, he renewed hope for a better future for a million young people. Lauren Burke, an adjunct law professor at Brooklyn College of Law and…

Perspectives for a Diverse America

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koenig, Darlene

2013-01-01

Lauren Gallant is committed to making social justice issues part of her U.S. history teaching. An avid user of Teaching Tolerance materials, she's always in search of tools "that help illuminate the subject matter and the human condition." But the Simi Valley High School, Calif., teacher has a typical challenge: There is little time for…

Increased Anti-Money Laundering Banking Regulations and Terrorism Prosecutions

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-01

the United States maintains one of the strongest and most effective anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing ( AML / CFT ) regimes in the...NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited INCREASED ANTI...MONEY LAUNDERING BANKING REGULATIONS AND TERRORISM PROSECUTIONS by Albert L. Kao March 2013 Thesis Advisor: Lauren Fernandez Second Reader

Demonstration Report for the Former Lowry Bombing and Gunnery Range. Project 200504: Practical Discrimination Strategies for Application to Live Sites, Ver. 2.0

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-03-22

05-C-0018 ESTCP 200504Dr. Stephen Billings, Leonard Pasion , Jon Jacobson, Stacey Kingsbury - Sky Research, Inc. Dr Douglas Oldenburg, Laurens Beran...For the EM-61, 3-dipole instantaneous amplitude models were fit to the available 4 time-channels, while for the EM-63, 3-dipole Pasion -Oldenburg...retrospective Pasion -Oldenburg and Lti classifiers. ..................................................................... 53 Figure 29. Analysis of

Sampling Operations on Big Data

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-11-29

gories. These include edge sampling methods where edges are selected by a predetermined criteria; snowball sampling methods where algorithms start... Sampling Operations on Big Data Vijay Gadepally, Taylor Herr, Luke Johnson, Lauren Milechin, Maja Milosavljevic, Benjamin A. Miller Lincoln...process and disseminate information for discovery and exploration under real-time constraints. Common signal processing operations such as sampling and

Integration of Advanced Statistical Analysis Tools and Geophysical Modeling

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-08-01

Carin Duke University Douglas Oldenburg University of British Columbia Stephen Billings Leonard Pasion Laurens Beran Sky Research...data processing for UXO discrimination is the time (or frequency) dependent dipole model (Bell and Barrow (2001), Pasion and Oldenburg (2001), Zhang...described by a bimodal distribution (i.e. two Gaussians, see Pasion (2007)). Data features are nonetheless useful when data quality is not sufficient

Cognitive Psychology and Design Paradigms in the Development of Multimedia Courseware

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-09-01

Cognitive Apprenticeship : Teaching the Crafts of Reading, Writing, and Mathematics ". In Resnick, Lauren B. (Editor) Knowing, Learning , and Instruction , pp... thinking are cognitive processes the designers of interactive learning systems must consider the connection between cognition and the ability of an...should be based on instructional design theory, human factors, and cognitive learning theories. If these elements are not included in a

Modification of the Near Surface Region Metastable Phases and Ion Induced Reactions

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-02-03

cell Si Dave Lilienfeld - amorphous Si layer thickness Au diffusion in metallic glasses Dave Lilienfeld & - low temperature Cu diffusion in Si Tim...Sullivan Fritz Stafford - defect characterization in implanted & annealed silicon-on-sapphire Peter Zielinski - Composition of CuZr metallic glass...ribbons 5. Prof. Johnson Dave Kuhn - measurement of Pd layer thickness Alexandra Elve - hydrogen profiles in metals Lauren Heitner - hydrogen diffusion in

AFOSR/AFRPL Rocket Propulsion Research Meeting Held at Lancaster, California on 12-15 March 1984. Abstracts and Agenda

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-02-01

MA 0900 28 HIGH TEMPERATURE MOLECULAR ABSORBERS FOR CW LASER PROPULSION. David 0 Rosen, David 0 Ham , and Lauren M Cowles, Physical Sciences Inc...been put into the dcvulopmunt of* computer codes uo wodel various aspects of rocket propellant behavior such a cobustion :..echawica and DSDT. However...Differential Scanning Calorimeter, and (2) thermal diffusivit- using U laser flash apparatus. All measurements are madc under digital computer contro

Integration of Advanced Statistical Analysis Tools and Geophysical Modeling

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-12-01

Carin Duke University Douglas Oldenburg University of British Columbia Stephen Billings, Leonard Pasion Laurens Beran Sky Research...means and covariances estimated for each class [5]. For this study, dipole polarizabilities were fit with a Pasion -Oldenburg parameterization of 8 −1...model for unexploded ordnance classification with EMI data,” IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Letters, vol. 4, pp. 629–633, 2007. [4] L. R. Pasion

Military Herald Indices (1975-1979). Volume 1.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-11-01

Volume I Allan S . Rehm Lauren Van Metre Charles B. Hall DTICELECTE ________ § 12 19890 A Division of Hudson Institute CENTER FOR NAVAL ANALYSES 4401...DECLASSIFICATIONDOWNGRADING SCApproved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited 4. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER( S ) 5. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER( S ...Virginia 22302-0268 Washington, D.C. 20350-1000 S &. NAME OF FUNDING ORGANIZATION 8b. OFFICE SYMBOL 9. PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER

Maturation history of Neogene-Quaternary sediments, Nile delta basin, Egypt

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ramadan Abu El-Ella

1990-01-01

The present Nile delta area covers approximately 60,000 km{sup 2}. Fields in this area provide two-thirds of the gas production in Egypt. Geological knowledge of the Nile delta is still limited because of insufficient subsurface data. Gas is generated and accumulates at stratigraphic levels ranging from the lower Miocene to the lower Pliocene. The highest levels of organic maturation in the Neogene-Quaternary section are in the northern part of the onshore area, such as in the Abu Madi well, and in the eastern part of the offshore area, such as in the El Temsah well, where gas reservoirs occur inmore » the lower Pliocene sandstones (Abu Madi Formation), and in the underlying Sidi Salem Formation and lower Miocene rocks. Here, the Sidi Salem Formation is probably generative, having an R{sub 0} of approximately 0.65%, LOM (levels of organic metamorphism) of 9.5 to 9.7, and TTI (time-temperature index) of 9.7 to 15.2. By contrast, a different thermal history clearly existed in the western and eastern parts of the onshore area, such as in the Monaga and Damanhur wells, where the organic maturities are significantly lower than maturities elsewhere in the basin (R{sub 0} = 0.38 and 0.29%, respectively). The predicted maturities obtained by using the LOM method seem to fit much closer to the observed maturities than the predicted maturities obtained by using the Lopatin TTI method. 5 figs.« less

Health Coaching to Optimize Well-Being among Returning Veterans with Suicide Risk

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-10-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-16-1-0630 TITLE: Health Coaching to Optimize Well-Being among Returning Veterans with Suicide Risk PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR...Lauren M. Denneson, PhD CONTRACTING ORGANIZATION: Oregon Health & Science University Portland, OR 97239 REPORT DATE: October 2017 TYPE OF...COVERED (From - To) 15 Sept 2016 - 14 Sept 2017 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Health Coaching to Optimize Well-Being among Returning Veterans with Suicide Risk

Cognitive and Noncognitive Improvements Among ChalleNGe Cadets: A Survey of Seven Sites

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

Distribution unlimited Cognitive and Noncognitive Improvements Among ChalleNGe Cadets: A Survey of Seven Sites Lauren D. Malone and Jennifer R...completion and test score improvement. Using data on cadets’ scores on the Test of Adult Basic Education (TABE) and cadets’ responses to survey questions...total score. The sites also provided information on which cadets completed the program and cadets’ ages. In addition, we use data from a survey that

Man Portable Vector EMI Sensor for Full UXO Characterization

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-05-01

with project management and coordination. Drs. Laurens Beran, Leonard Pasion , and Stephen Billings advised on technical aspects and Dr. Gregory Schultz...approximated as a point dipole (e.g., Bell et al., 2001; Pasion and Oldenburg, 2001; Gasperikova et al., 2009). The process of estimating the target...39, 1286–1293. Bell, T. 2005. Geo-location Requirements for UXO Discrimination. SERDP Geo-location Workshop. Billings, S., L. Pasion , N. Lhomme

Flight Attendant Fatigue. Part IV. Analysis of Incident Reports

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-12-01

Flight Attendant Fatigue, Part IV: Analysis of Incident Reports Kali Holcomb Katrina Avers Lena Dobbins Joy Banks Lauren Blackwell Thomas Nesthus...Incident Reports 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Holcomb K, Avers K, Dobbins L, Banks J...observed by erC members of the flight attendant ASAP programs, a survey was developed. Surveys were distributed via e -Mail to 23 participants for

Improving the Cybersecurity of U.S. Air Force Military Systems Throughout Their Life Cycles

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-01-01

James D. Powers, Elizabeth Bodine-Baron, Bernard Fox, Lauren Kendrick, Michael H. Powell Report Documentation Page Form ApprovedOMB No. 0704...Rational, Natural, and Open Systems, 3rd ed., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1992. 61 Snyder, Don, Bernard Fox, Kristin F. Lynch, Raymond E...Conley, John A. Ausink, Laura Werber , William Shelton, Sarah A. Nowak, Michael R. Thirtle, and Albert A. Robbert, Assessment of the Air Force

Sampling Large Graphs for Anticipatory Analytics

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-05-15

low. C. Random Area Sampling Random area sampling [8] is a “ snowball ” sampling method in which a set of random seed vertices are selected and areas... Sampling Large Graphs for Anticipatory Analytics Lauren Edwards, Luke Johnson, Maja Milosavljevic, Vijay Gadepally, Benjamin A. Miller Lincoln...systems, greater human-in-the-loop involvement, or through complex algorithms. We are investigating the use of sampling to mitigate these challenges

Sensitivity of WRF precipitation field to assimilation sources in northeastern Spain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lorenzana, Jesús; Merino, Andrés; García-Ortega, Eduardo; Fernández-González, Sergio; Gascón, Estíbaliz; Hermida, Lucía; Sánchez, José Luis; López, Laura; Marcos, José Luis

2015-04-01

Numerical weather prediction (NWP) of precipitation is a challenge. Models predict precipitation after solving many physical processes. In particular, mesoscale NWP models have different parameterizations, such as microphysics, cumulus or radiation schemes. These facilitate, according to required spatial and temporal resolutions, precipitation fields with increasing reliability. Nevertheless, large uncertainties are inherent to precipitation forecasting. Consequently, assimilation methods are very important. The Atmospheric Physics Group at the University of León in Spain and the Castile and León Supercomputing Center carry out daily weather prediction based on the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, covering the entire Iberian Peninsula. Forecasts of severe precipitation affecting the Ebro Valley, in the southern Pyrenees range of northeastern Spain, are crucial in the decision-making process for managing reservoirs or initializing runoff models. These actions can avert floods and ensure uninterrupted economic activity in the area. We investigated a set of cases corresponding to intense or severe precipitation patterns, using a rain gauge network. Simulations were performed with a dual objective, i.e., to analyze forecast improvement using a specific assimilation method, and to study the sensitivity of model outputs to different types of assimilation data. A WRF forecast model initialized by an NCEP SST analysis was used as the control run. The assimilation was based on the Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS) developed by NOAA. The MADIS data used were METAR, maritime, ACARS, radiosonde, and satellite products. The results show forecast improvement using the suggested assimilation method, and differences in the accuracy of forecast precipitation patterns varied with the assimilation data source.

Applications of Black Scholes Complexity Concepts to Combat Modelling

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-03-01

Lauren, G C McIntosh, N D Perry and J Moffat, Chaos 17, 2007. 4 Lanchester Models of Warfare Volumes 1 and 2, J G Taylor, Operations Research Society...transformation matrix A Lanchester Equation solution parameter bi Dependent model variables b(x,t) Variable variance rate B Lanchester Equation solution...distribution. The similarity between this equation and the Lanchester Equations (equation 1) is clear. This suggests an obvious solution to the question of

The Implications of Nanotechnology for the Fire Service: Avoiding the Mistakes of the Past

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-12-01

Lauren Wollman Glen Woodbury THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK i REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting...ABSTRACT Unclassified 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT UU NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89) Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239-18 ii THIS PAGE...rolled into cylinders to form the nanotubes.5 They can be manufactured or combustion generated and are detectable in exhaust from propane, natural gas

Military Herald Indices (1975-1979). Volume 2

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-11-01

KALININ,V.COL., S "YEDIN.S.ENGR.LC.CTS. 1977 APR TRAINER EXERCISE.: KISELEV.P.. SHILOV.A. 1976 FEB TRAINER FOR FIRING TRAINING; A CLASSROOM .: YAROSHEVSKIY,V...Military Herald Indices (1975-1979) 0 C\\I Volume I! Allan S . Rehm Lauren Van Metre Charles B. Hall DTIC ELECTE JUN 02 1989 A Division of Hudson...AVAILABILITY OF REPORT . DECLASSIFIATIN /Approved for Public Release; Distribution unlimited 4. PERFORM NG ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER( S ) S . MONITORING

Evaluating the Relationship between Team Performance and Joint Attention with Longitudinal Multivariate Mixed Models

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-23

Lauren Menke3 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER H0HJ (53290813) 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS...as prior work has demonstrated that friendship can facilitate performance in decision-making and motor tasks (e.g., Shah & Jehn, 1993). However, a...Relationship between Team Performance and Joint Attention with Longitudinal Multivariate Mixed Models 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER FA8650-14-D-6501-0009 5b

7 CFR 1005.51 - Class I differential, adjustments to Class I prices, and Class I price.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 0.40 KY LAUREL 21125 0.50 KY LEE 21129 0.40 KY LESLIE 21131 0.50 KY LETCHER 21133 0.50 KY LINCOLN... 37101 0.20 NC JONES 37103 0.40 NC LEE 37105 0.30 NC LENOIR 37107 0.40 NC LINCOLN 37109 0.30 NC MC DOWELL... SC LAURENS 45059 0.50 SC LEE 45061 0.70 SC LEXINGTON 45063 0.70 SC MC CORMICK 45065 0.50 SC MARION...

7 CFR 1005.51 - Class I differential, adjustments to Class I prices, and Class I price.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 0.40 KY LAUREL 21125 0.50 KY LEE 21129 0.40 KY LESLIE 21131 0.50 KY LETCHER 21133 0.50 KY LINCOLN... 37101 0.20 NC JONES 37103 0.40 NC LEE 37105 0.30 NC LENOIR 37107 0.40 NC LINCOLN 37109 0.30 NC MC DOWELL... SC LAURENS 45059 0.50 SC LEE 45061 0.70 SC LEXINGTON 45063 0.70 SC MC CORMICK 45065 0.50 SC MARION...

Assessment of Vision-Based Target Detection and Classification Solutions Using an Indoor Aerial Robot

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-01

college student alongside you, little sis! To Jes- xix sika Miller, Lauren Garcia and Caity White , my closest friends and confidants of ten years, who...arena corresponding coverage to the GUI is outlined in white 2.1.3 Challenges in the Model There are inherent challenges with any model that implements...source middleware originally maintained by Willow Garage [36] and now managed by the Open Source Robotics Foundation [37]. It provides a framework for

STS-130 Nationals Park Visit

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-04-20

The crew of STS-130 present the principal owner of the Washington Nationals, Debra Lerner Cohen (holding montage) with a montage of their mission, Tuesday, April 20, 2010 at Nationals Park in Washington. From left are seen Commander George Zamka, Mission Specialist Nicholas Patrick, Pilot Terry Virts, Debra Lerner Cohen, Edward Cohen, Mission Specialist Kathryn Hire, Mission Specialist Robert Behnken, Lauren Lerner, Jacob Lerner and Alan Gottlieb. Photo Credit: (NASA/Carla Cioffi)

[Establishment of risk evaluation model of peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer and its predictive value].

PubMed

Zhao, Junjie; Zhou, Rongjian; Zhang, Qi; Shu, Ping; Li, Haojie; Wang, Xuefei; Shen, Zhenbin; Liu, Fenglin; Chen, Weidong; Qin, Jing; Sun, Yihong

2017-01-25

To establish an evaluation model of peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer, and to assess its clinical significance. Clinical and pathologic data of the consecutive cases of gastric cancer admitted between April 2015 and December 2015 in Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 710 patients were enrolled in the study after 18 patients with other distant metastasis were excluded. The correlations between peritoneal metastasis and different factors were studied through univariate (Pearson's test or Fisher's exact test) and multivariate analyses (Binary Logistic regression). Independent predictable factors for peritoneal metastasis were combined to establish a risk evaluation model (nomogram). The nomogram was created with R software using the 'rms' package. In the nomogram, each factor had different scores, and every patient could have a total score by adding all the scores of each factor. A higher total score represented higher risk of peritoneal metastasis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the established nomogram. Delong. Delong. Clarke-Pearson test was used to compare the difference of the area under the curve (AUC). The cut-off value was determined by the AUC, when the ROC curve had the biggest AUC, the model had the best sensitivity and specificity. Among 710 patients, 47 patients had peritoneal metastasis (6.6%), including 30 male (30/506, 5.9%) and 17 female (17/204, 8.3%); 31 were ≥ 60 years old (31/429, 7.2%); 38 had tumor ≥ 3 cm(38/461, 8.2%). Lauren classification indicated that 2 patients were intestinal type(2/245, 0.8%), 8 patients were mixed type(8/208, 3.8%), 11 patients were diffuse type(11/142, 7.7%), and others had no associated data. CA19-9 of 13 patients was ≥ 37 kU/L(13/61, 21.3%); CA125 of 11 patients was ≥ 35 kU/L(11/36, 30.6%); CA72-4 of 11 patients was ≥ 10 kU/L(11/39, 28

NASA Future Forum

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-02-21

NASA Public Affairs Officer Lauren Worley kicks off the second day of the NASA Future Forum at The Ohio State University on Tuesday, Feb. 21, 2012 in Columbus, Ohio. The NASA Future Forum features panel discussions on the importance of education to our nation's future in space, the benefit of commercialized space technology to our economy and lives here on Earth, and the shifting roles for the public, commercial and international communities in space. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Syllabus Design and Manner of Delivery Impacts on Content Memory and Impressions

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-05-15

for submission of article at Tab I to the Journal of Effective Teaching 2. BACKGROUND. Tab I : Authors: C IC Jasmine Leyro (soon to be 2L T) and Dr...So TL research project conducted by Jasmine Leyro and Dr. Scharff during Spring 2013 that investigated how targeted content location (beginning vs...and Impressions Jasmine G. Leyro Lauren V. Scharff U. S. Air Force Academy Author Note We recognize and thank David J. Heaphy for his

Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopic Measurements of Boron Fluorides.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-08-01

F49620-77-C-0075 Gozewski, S. Kallelis , J.C. Wormhoudt, L.M. Pete rson* I PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT. PROJECT...S.Aernstein. Joel A.Ailverl Wite d- Brown onrad 1. Gozewski, Spiros Kallelis , Joda C. Wormhoudt / t "and Lauren M. Peterson* Center for Chemical and...Joel A. Silver, Mark S. Zahniser, Charles E. Kolb, Robert G. Brown, Conrad M. Gozewski, Spiros Kallelis , and Joda C. WormhoudtI I ABSTRACT A high

Multiple Award, Multiple Order Contracts - The Future of Navy Surface Maintenance Procurement

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-05-27

signed a long-term maintenance and upgrade contract for its fleet of liquefied natural gas ships with Singapore’s SembCorp Marine. The five-year contract...He is a qualified Surface Warfare Supply Corps Officer. LT Duncan met his wife, Lauren, in Athens, GA . They reside in Monterey, CA, with their...discovered inside a ship’s fuel tank during shipyard corrosion control activities (e.g., grinding and/or sanding) and there was already a work item in

An Interview with Elizabeth Gordon and Lauren Wohl of the Walt Disney Company.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taxel, Joel

1992-01-01

Presents an interview with the vice president and publisher, and the marketing director, of the Walt Disney Company concerning plans for the company to enter the competitive field of children's book publishing. (RS)

Simultaneous effects of photo- and radio- darkening in ytterbium-doped aluminosilicate fibers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Duchez, Jean-Bernard, E-mail: jbduchez@unice.fr; Mady, Franck, E-mail: jbduchez@unice.fr; Mebrouk, Yasmine, E-mail: jbduchez@unice.fr

2014-10-21

We present original characterizations of photo-radio-darkening in ytterbium-doped silica optical fibers submitted to the simultaneous action of the pump and of an ionizing radiation. We present the interplay between both radiations, showing e.g. that the pump is able to darken or bleach the fiber depending on the ionizing dose. The photo-resistance of the fiber is shown to play a crucial role on its radio-resistance, and that photo-resistant fibers should be also radio-resistant in low dose rate conditions. All the results are thoroughly explained by a physical model presented in a separate article by Mady et al. (this conference proceeding)

A New Approach to the Determination of Bioavailable Metals in Surface Waters

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-09-26

Biosorption by Algal Biomass, p. 7-44. In Volesky, B. [ed.] Biosorption of Heavy Metals. CRC Press Inc, Boca Raton, FL. Lauren, D.J., and D.G. McDonald...environmental chemistry of copper, p. 89-121. In J.O. Nriagu [ed.J Copper in the Environment, Volume 6, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y.. Mann, H. 1990. Biosorption of...heavy metals by bacterial biomass, p. 7-44. In Volesky, B. [ed.] Biosorption of Heavy Metals. CRC Press Inc, Boca Raton, FL. Miller, T.G., and W.C

KSC-2012-1809

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-03-16

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – In celebration of Women’s History Month, iconic women from NASA Kennedy Space Center’s past and present participate in a panel discussion, “50 Years of Progress--Celebrating the Women of Kennedy Space Center,” in the IMAX 2 Theater at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex. From left are Judy Kersey, Carol Craig, astronaut Nicole Stott, Patty Stratton, Wanda Harding, Dr. Merri Sanchez, Kathleen Harer, and moderator Lauren Rowe of News Channel 6. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/kennedy. Photo credit: NASA/Gianni Woods

Oncogene-Induced Changes in Mammary Cell Fate and EMT in Breast Tumorigenesis

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-04-01

have worked on the project? Name: Lauren Walheim Project Role: Chemistry pre-medicine undergraduate student Researcher Identifier (e.g. ORCID ID...Distribution Unlimited The views, opinions and/or findings contained in this report are those of the author( s ) and should not be construed as an...Examine if IGF1R alters mammary cell fate in vivo and the effect this has on mammary tumorigenesis (months 13-30) ...…………………………………………….......11 2a

Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards and success stories in disaster prevention and mitigation in the Philippines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mahar Francisco Lagmay, Alfredo

2016-04-01

The Philippines, being a locus of typhoons, tsunamis, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions, is a hotbed of disasters. Natural hazards inflict loss of lives and costly damage to property in the country. In 2011, after tropical storm Washi devastated cities in southern Philippines, the Department of Science and Technology put in place a responsive program to warn and give communities hours-in-advance lead-time to prepare for imminent hazards and use advanced science and technology to enhance geohazard maps for more effective disaster prevention and mitigation. Since its launch, there have been many success stories on the use of Project NOAH, which after Typhoon Haiyan was integrated into the Pre-Disaster Risk Assessment (PDRA) system of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), the government agency tasked to prepare for, and respond to, natural calamities. Learning from past disasters, NDRRMC now issues warnings, through scientific advise from DOST-Project NOAH and PAGASA (Philippine Weather Bureau) that are hazards-specific, area-focused and time-bound. Severe weather events in 2015 generated dangerous hazard phenomena such as widespread floods and massive debris flows, which if not for timely, accessible and understandable warnings, could have turned into disasters. We call these events as "disasters that did not happen". The innovative warning system of the Philippine government has so far proven effective in addressing the impacts of hydrometeorological hazards and can be employed elsewhere in the world.

Geochemical constraints on the provenance and depositional environment of the Messinian sediments, onshore Nile Delta, Egypt: Implications for the late Miocene paleogeography of the Mediterranean

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leila, Mahmoud; Moscariello, Andrea; Šegvić, Branimir

2018-07-01

The Messinian sequence rocks in the Nile Delta present prolific hydrocarbon reservoirs and are, therefore, of great importance from the aspect of petroleum exploration and development strategies. Yet, little is known about their tectonic provenance and depositional setting. This study focuses on the geochemical signatures archived in the Messinian siliciclastic sediments to employ them as a powerful tool to elucidate the basin evolution during the Messinian salinity crisis (MSC). The pre-MSC Qawasim sediments are texturally and compositionally immature. They are enriched in lithic fragments, foraminiferal bioclasts, and rounded heavy minerals suggesting a significant contribution from the pre-existing Cretaceous-Eocene mixed carbonate-siliciclastic rocks bordering the Nile Delta. In contrast, the textural and mineralogical compositions as well as a range of geochemical proxies (e.g., chemical index of alteration and weathering CIA, CIW as well as index of chemical variability ICV and Zr/Sc ratio) are in favor of prolonged weathering and at least second-cycle origin of the MSC Abu Madi sediments. The mutually correspondent elemental ratios (e.g., Al2O3/TiO2, K2O/Na2O, Zr/Hf, Rb/Sr, Cr/Zr, and Cr/Th) and uniform weathering trends are indicatives for a similar provenance of the pre-MSC Qawasim and MSC Abu Madi sediments. Rare earth element (REE) distribution reveals a significant enrichment in LREE, depletion in HREE, relatively high (La/Yb)N (mean > 9), low (Gd/Yb)N (mean < 2) and a pronounced negative Eu anomaly (mean∼0.75) in the studied Messinian facies, characteristics of upper continental sources of mainly felsic to intermediate rock affiliations. Provenance proxy ratios (e.g., Al/Ti, La/Sc, Th/Sc, La/Co and Eu/Eu*) along with the low concentration of transition trace elements (Cr, Ni, Co, Ni) are effectively ruling out the contribution from mafic and ultramafic rocks. The investigated Messinian sedimentary facies have similar passive margin geotectonic

INFINITY ribbon-cutting

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-04-11

Ceremony participants prepare to cut the ribbon on the INFINITY at NASA Stennis Space Center facility April 11, 2012. Participating in the ceremony were (l to r): Gulfport Mayor and INFINITY Science Center Inc. Chairman George Schloegel; U.S. Rep. Steven Palazzo, R-Miss.; U.S. Sen. Roger Wicker, R-Miss.; Roy S. Estess granddaughter Lauren McKay; Mississippi Gov. Phil Bryant; Leo Seal Jr. grandson Leo Seal IV; Stennis Director Patrick Scheuermann; U.S. Sen. Thad Cochran, R-Miss.; NASA Chief of Staff David Radzanowski; and Apollo 13 astronaut and INFINITY Science Center Inc. Vice Chairman Fred Haise.

77 FR 10800 - Requested Administrative Waiver of the Coastwise Trade Laws: Vessel LAURENE; Invitation for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-23

... will be available for inspection and copying at the above address between 10 a.m. and 5 p.m., E.T., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. An electronic version of this document and all documents... instruction, sport fishing site seeing, ferry, travel, etc.'' Geographic Region: ``U.S. East Coast: ME, NH, MA...

Justice at the margins: witches, poisoners, and social accountability in northern Uganda.

PubMed

Allen, Tim; Reid, Kyla

2015-01-01

Recent responses to people alleged to be 'witches' or 'poisoners' among the Madi of northern Uganda are compared with those of the 1980s. The extreme violence of past incidents is set in the context of contemporary upheavals and, in effect, encouragement from Catholic and governmental attitudes and initiatives. Mob justice has subsequently become less common. From 2006, a democratic system for dealing with suspects was introduced, whereby those receiving the highest number of votes are expelled from the neighborhood or punished in other ways. These developments are assessed with reference to trends in supporting 'traditional' approaches to social accountability and social healing as alternatives to more conventional measures. Caution is required. Locally acceptable hybrid systems may emerge, but when things turn nasty, it is usually the weak and vulnerable that suffer.

Justice at the Margins: Witches, Poisoners, and Social Accountability in Northern Uganda

PubMed Central

Allen, Tim; Reid, Kyla

2015-01-01

Recent responses to people alleged to be ‘witches’ or ‘poisoners’ among the Madi of northern Uganda are compared with those of the 1980s. The extreme violence of past incidents is set in the context of contemporary upheavals and, in effect, encouragement from Catholic and governmental attitudes and initiatives. Mob justice has subsequently become less common. From 2006, a democratic system for dealing with suspects was introduced, whereby those receiving the highest number of votes are expelled from the neighborhood or punished in other ways. These developments are assessed with reference to trends in supporting ‘traditional’ approaches to social accountability and social healing as alternatives to more conventional measures. Caution is required. Locally acceptable hybrid systems may emerge, but when things turn nasty, it is usually the weak and vulnerable that suffer. PMID:25358097

Spectral implementation of some quantum algorithms by one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Das, Ranabir; Kumar, Anil

2004-10-01

Quantum information processing has been effectively demonstrated on a small number of qubits by nuclear magnetic resonance. An important subroutine in any computing is the readout of the output. "Spectral implementation" originally suggested by Z. L. Madi, R. Bruschweiler, and R. R. Ernst [J. Chem. Phys. 109, 10603 (1999)], provides an elegant method of readout with the use of an extra "observer" qubit. At the end of computation, detection of the observer qubit provides the output via the multiplet structure of its spectrum. In spectral implementation by two-dimensional experiment the observer qubit retains the memory of input state during computation, thereby providing correlated information on input and output, in the same spectrum. Spectral implementation of Grover's search algorithm, approximate quantum counting, a modified version of Berstein-Vazirani problem, and Hogg's algorithm are demonstrated here in three- and four-qubit systems.

Multi Jet Induced Forces and Moments on VTOL Aircraft Hovering in and Out of Ground Effect

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-06-19

It e01 L. h; Lilt’ IFe 1𔃺t MI 111)4t , tIpo Ia 1p ra’ue o r 11Iii (’t l I I ’ll I lit V 101 Of it I r, frinm. mit’ kd.own Fot) en us oeu t (I frOe-.1...protX 1111;1 L VIN, M( 0.25. Re fvrenru 5 de ITinus the ecl of ITle roa fcI Low rugilon andic tilL bg n 111lug Of t~he lXIsymmetnriC ca rgi a a11 I’oMtC...impIngement polnt. bC des .! gned as () Thtis dens:1ty Is used to determine NSI in Equation (31). lhe tLotti mass F-.ow il the madi a wo3. ~lcjet in an

Activation of Reactive MALDI Adduct Ions Enables Differentiation of Dihydroxylated Vitamin D Isomers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qi, Yulin; Müller, Miriam J.; Volmer, Dietrich A.

2017-12-01

Vitamin D compounds are secosteroids, which are best known for their role in bone health. More recent studies have shown that vitamin D metabolites and catabolites such as dihydroxylated species (e.g., 1,25- and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) play key roles in the pathologies of various diseases. Identification of these isomers by mass spectrometry is challenging and currently relies on liquid chromatography, as the isomers exhibit virtually identical product ion spectra under collision induced dissociation conditions. Here, we developed a simple MALDI-CID method that utilizes ion activation of reactive analyte/matrix adducts to distinguish isomeric dihydroxyvitamin D3 species, without the need for chromatography separation or chemical derivatization techniques. Specifically, reactive 1,5-diaminonaphthalene adducts of dihydroxyvitamin D3 compounds formed during MADI were activated and specific cleavages in the secosteroid's backbone structure were achieved that produced isomer-diagnostic fragment ions. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Stennis observes Women's History Month

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-03-27

NASA John C. Stennis Space Center employees observed Women's History Month on March 17 with a panel discussion that featured accomplished women of the facility. The gathering featured (l to r): Pam Covington, manager of the NASA Office of External Affairs at Stennis; Mary Jones, assistant chief of staff with the Navy Meterology & Oceanography Command; and Lauren Underwood, senior research scientist with Science Systems and Applications, Inc. In addition to the panel discussion, the Stennis Diversity Council and Patriot Technologies also hosted a pair of 'lunch-and-learn' sessions focused on women's issues and history. The luncheons featured videos on Sally Hemings, the slave widely recognized as the mistress of President Thomas Jefferson; and several mothers of U.S. presidents.

Stennis observes Women's History Month

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2010-01-01

NASA John C. Stennis Space Center employees observed Women's History Month on March 17 with a panel discussion that featured accomplished women of the facility. The gathering featured (l to r): Pam Covington, manager of the NASA Office of External Affairs at Stennis; Mary Jones, assistant chief of staff with the Navy Meterology & Oceanography Command; and Lauren Underwood, senior research scientist with Science Systems and Applications, Inc. In addition to the panel discussion, the Stennis Diversity Council and Patriot Technologies also hosted a pair of 'lunch-and-learn' sessions focused on women's issues and history. The luncheons featured videos on Sally Hemings, the slave widely recognized as the mistress of President Thomas Jefferson; and several mothers of U.S. presidents.

jsc2017e009735

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-01-26

jsc2017e009735 (01/26/2017) --- Former NFL players on tour of the Johnson Space Center (JSC) as part of the Centers Super Bowl tailgate event gathered together in front of JSC's Mission Control. The former players toured JSC in the week before the Super Bowl game. Kneeling front left: Kerry Henderson (NY Jets), Joe Wesley (49ers, Jaguars), First standing row, left: Ronald Humphrey (IN Colts), James Williams (Saints, Jag, 49ers, Browns), Emanuel McNeil (NY Jets), Sammy Davis (Chargers, 49ers, Buccaneers), Daryl Gaines (KC Chiefs, Cris Calloway (Giants, Steelers, Falcons, Patriots), Lemanual Stinson (Bears & Falcons). Back row left: Ginger Kerrrick (JSC Staff), Jermaine Fazonde (Chargers), Michael Holmes (49ers), Kevin Williams (Vikings, Seahawks, Saints). NASA PHOTOGRAPHER: Lauren Harnett

Prognostic value of tumor size in gastric cancer: an analysis of 2,379 patients.

PubMed

Guo, Pengtao; Li, Yangming; Zhu, Zhi; Sun, Zhe; Lu, Chong; Wang, Zhenning; Xu, Huimian

2013-04-01

Tumor size has been included into the staging systems of many solid tumors, such as lung and breast. However, tumor size is not integrated in the staging of gastric cancer, and its prognostic value for gastric cancer needs to be reappraised. A total of 2,379 patients who received radical resection for histopathologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma were enrolled in the present study. Tumor size, originally presented as continuous variable, was categorized into small gastric cancer (SGC) group and large gastric cancer (LGC) group using an optimal cutoff point determined by Cox proportional hazards model. The associations between tumor size and other clinicopathological factors were checked using Chi-square test. Survival of gastric cancer patients was estimated by using univariate Kaplan-Meier method, and the survival difference was checked by using the log-rank test. The significant clinicopathological factors were included into the Cox proportional hazards model to determine the independent prognostic factors, and their hazard ratios were calculated. With the optimal cutoff point of 4 cm, tumor size was categorized into SGC group (≤ 4 cm) and LGC group (>4 cm). Tumor size closely correlated with age, tumor location, macroscopic type, Lauren classification, and lymphatic vessel invasion. Moreover, tumor size was also significantly associated with depth of tumor invasion and status of regional lymph nodes. The 5-year survival rate was 68.7 % for SGC group which was much higher than 40.2 % for LGC group. Univariate analysis showed that SGC had a better survival than LGC, mainly for patients with IIA, IIB, and IIIA stage. Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size as well as age, tumor location, macroscopic type, Lauren classification, lymphatic vessel invasion, depth of tumor invasion, and status of regional lymph nodes were independent prognostic factors for gastric cancer. Tumor size is a reliable prognostic factor for patients with gastric cancer, and

[Map of resources and healthcare needs for patients with dyslipidaemia in Spain: The MADI study].

PubMed

Pedro-Botet, Juan; Climent, Elisenda; Giralt Martínez, Eva; Flores-Le Roux, Juana A

Dyslipidaemia is a major modifiable determining factor of vascular risk and, despite this, a significant number of patients do not achieve lipid goals. The aim of this study is to describe the resources and current needs in clinical practice in Spain, through an analysis of management, organisation and the patient care circuit of dyslipidaemia patient. A descriptive, cross-sectional, multicentre study, using a questionnaire, was conducted on physicians, 266 in primary care (PC) and 258 in specialised care (SC), who attended patients with dyslipidaemia in hospitals and centres within the National Health System. Probabilistic analyses were performed, stratifying by care-level, existence of a lipid unit (LU), and geographic area. Observed differences were mostly due to geographic location, rather than the existence of LU in the referral hospitals. Most system deficiencies were found in the southern provinces of the country. Nearly all primary care physicians declared that they diagnose, manage and control dyslipidaemia patients, but a general agreement was lacking for diagnostic and referral criteria. The scarce use of a shared protocol between PC and SC showed evidence of poor coordination between health care providers. Furthermore, there was a remarkably low proportion of patients receiving health care education for their disease. This study emphasises the need to identify weaknesses in the dyslipidaemia patient care circuit, and to perform the appropriate remedial actions, in particular, to promote coordination between levels of care and to foster patient education about their disease. Copyright © 2016 Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

[Immunohistochemical expression of the E-cadherin-catenin complex in gastric cancer].

PubMed

Guzmán, Pablo; Araya, Juan; Villaseca, Miguel; Roa, Iván; Melo, Angélica; Muñoz, Sergio; Roa, Juan

2006-08-01

The E-cadherin/catenin complex plays an essential role in the control of epithelial differentiation. Abnormal expression in tumors correlates with histological grade, advanced stage and poor prognosis. To evaluate the expression pattern of E-cadherin/catenin complex in gastric carcinoma and analyze their association with tumor clinicopathological features and patient survival. Inmunohistochemical staining of E-cadherin, alpha and ss-catenin was performed from paraffin specimens of 65 gastric carcinomas. Abnormal expression of E-cadherin, alpha and ss-catenin was demonstrated in 82%, 85% and 88% of gastric carcinomas, respectively. There was a significant correlation between abnormal expression and Lauren pathological classification and depth of infiltration, but not with tumor stage, positive lymph node metastases and survival. Abnormal expression of E-cadherin, alpha and ss-catenin occurs frequently in gastric carcinoma and correlates with histological grade.

NASA DEVELOP students

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-07-08

NASA DEVELOP students at Stennis Space Center recently held a midterm review with George Crozier, who serves as a science adviser to the team. The team also was joined by Jamie Favors of the Mobile (Ala.) County Health Department DEVELOP Team; Cheri Miller, the team's NASA adviser; and Kenton Ross, a team science adviser. Students participating in the meeting included: Lauren Childs, Jason Jones, Maddie Brozen, Matt Batina, Jenn Frey, Angie Maki and Aaron Brooks. The primary purpose of the meeting was to update Crozier on the status of the team's work for the summer 2008 term and discuss plans for the fiscal year 2009 project proposal. This included discussion of a possible project to study the effects of hurricanes on the Florida panhandle. DEVELOP is a NASA-sponsored, student-led, student-run program focused on developing projects to help communities.

Expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase is an independent prognostic marker in gastric cancer

PubMed Central

Sun, Xu-Ren; Sun, Zhe; Zhu, Zhi; Guan, Hai-Xia; Li, Chen-Yan; Zhang, Jun-Yan; Zhang, Yi-Ning; Zhou, Huan; Zhang, Hui-Jing; Xu, Hui-Mian; Sun, Ming-Jun

2015-01-01

AIM: To investigate the expression and prognostic role of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) in gastric cancer (GC). METHODS: This study included 265 patients (194 male, 71 female, mean age 59 years (range, 29-81 years) with GC who underwent curative surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from January 2006 to May 2007. All patients were followed up for more than 5 years. Patient-derived paraffin embedded GC specimens were collected for tissue microarrays (TMAs). We examined PDH expression by immunohistochemistry in TMAs containing tumor tissue and matched non-neoplastic mucosa. Immunoreactivity was evaluated independently by two researchers. Overall survival (OS) rates were determined using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Correlations with other clinicopathologic factors were evaluated by two-tailed χ2 tests or a two-tailed t-test. The Cox proportional-hazard model was used in univariate analysis and multivariate analysis to identify factors significantly correlated with prognosis. RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry showed that 35.47% of total cancer tissue specimens had cytoplasmic PDH staining. PDH expression was much higher in normal mucosa specimens (75.09%; P = 0.001). PDH expression was correlated with Lauren grade (70.77% in intestinal type vs 40.0% in diffuse type; P = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (65.43% with no metastasis vs 51.09% with metastasis; P = 0.033), lymphatic invasion (61.62% with no invasion vs 38.81% with invasion; P = 0.002), histologic subtypes (70.77% in intestinal type vs 40.0% in diffuse type; P = 0.001) and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (39% in poorly differentiated vs 65.91% in well differentiated and 67.11% in moderately differentiated; P = 0.001) in GC. PDH expression in cancer tissue was significantly associated with higher OS (P < 0.001). The multivariate analysis adjusted for age, Lauren classification, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, histological type, tumor size, depth of invasion and lymphatic invasion

Image shows Trona Pinnacles near California’s NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center during Jan. 31 Super Blue Blood Moon. Trona Pinnacles is an unusual geological feature of the state’s Desert National Conservation.

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-01-31

NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center photographer Lauren Hughes takes photos of the Super Blue Blood Moon eclipse from California’s Trona Pinnacles Desert National Conservation for the Jan. 31 of the total lunar eclipse that provided a rare opportunity to capture a supermoon, a blue moon and a lunar eclipse at the same time. A supermoon occurs when the Moon is closer to Earth in its orbit and appearing 14 percent brighter than usual. As the second full moon of the month, this moon is also commonly known as a blue moon, though it will not be blue in appearance. The super blue moon passed through Earth’s shadow and took on a reddish tint, known as a blood moon. This total lunar eclipse occurs when the Sun, Earth, and a full moon form a near-perfect lineup in space. The Moon passes directly behind the Earth into its umbra (shadow).

Image shows Trona Pinnacles near California's NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center during Jan. 31 Super Blue Blood Moon. Trona Pinnacles is an unusual geological feature of the state's Desert National Conservation.

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-01-31

NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center photographer Lauren Hughes takes photos of the Super Blue Blood Moon eclipse from California's Trona Pinnacles Desert National Conservation for the Jan. 31 of the total lunar eclipse that provided a rare opportunity to capture a supermoon, a blue moon and a lunar eclipse at the same time. A supermoon occurs when the Moon is closer to Earth in its orbit and appearing 14 percent brighter than usual. As the second full moon of the month, this moon is also commonly known as a blue moon, though it will not be blue in appearance. The super blue moon passed through Earth's shadow and took on a reddish tint, known as a blood moon. This total lunar eclipse occurs when the Sun, Earth, and a full moon form a near-perfect lineup in space. The Moon passes directly behind the Earth into its umbra (shadow).

Angular fluctuations of a multi-component order describe the pseudogap regime of the cuprate superconductors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sachdev, Subir

2014-03-01

The hole-doped cuprate high temperature superconductors enter the pseudogap regime as their superconducting critical temperature, Tc, falls with decreasing hole density. Experiments have probed this regime for over two decades, but we argue that decisive new information has emerged from recent X-ray scattering experiments. The experiments observe incommensurate charge density wave fluctuations whose strength rises gradually over a wide temperature range above Tc, but then decreases as the temperature is lowered below Tc. We propose a theory in which the superconducting and charge-density wave orders exhibit angular fluctuations in a 6-dimensional space. The theory provides a natural quantitative fit to the X-ray data, and is consistent with other observed characteristics of the pseudogap. Results will also be presented on the microscopic origins of these order parameters. Work in collaboration with Lauren Hayward, Roger Melko, David Hawthorn, and Jay Sau.

The clinicopathological parameters and prognostic significance of HER2 expression in gastric cancer patients: a meta-analysis of literature.

PubMed

Lei, Yu-Ying; Huang, Jin-Yu; Zhao, Qiong-Rui; Jiang, Nan; Xu, Hui-Mian; Wang, Zhen-Ning; Li, Hai-Qing; Zhang, Shi-Bo; Sun, Zhe

2017-03-21

Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is regarded as an important and promising target in the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancers. However, the correlation of clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic significance of HER2 overexpression in gastric cancer patients remains unclear. Our aim was to clarify this issue. Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant articles published up to May 2016. Outcomes of interest contained sex, age, tumor size, tumor site, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, distant metastasis, lymph node metastasis, Lauren's classification, differentiation grade, lymphovascular invasion, neural invasion, and multivariate analysis data for overall survival. A total of 41 studies of 17,494 gastric cancer patients were identified with HER2 test. HER2 positive rate was 19.07% (95% CI = 9.16, 28.98). There existed statistical significance between HER2 overexpression and patients' prognosis (RR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.09, 1.98). Male patients (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.34, 1.65), proximal tumors (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.07, 1.47), intestinal-type tumors (OR = 3.37, 95% CI = 2.54, 4.47), advanced stage cancers (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.10, 1.66), lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.14, 1.41), well-differentiated cancers (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.15, 2.76), and distant metastasis (OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.08, 3.38) were correlated with higher HER2 expression rates. However, no statistical differences existed in age, tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, or neural invasion. Subgroup analysis revealed that HER2 expression rates reported in articles from Asian (19.52%) countries were quantitatively higher than those from European (16.91%) areas. Results were consistent with those reports that define HER2 status according to trastuzumab for gastric cancer (ToGA) criteria. This study showed that HER2 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis in

The Chlorella vulgaris S-Nitrosoproteome under Nitrogen-Replete and -Deplete Conditions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Henard, Calvin A.; Guarnieri, Michael T.; Knoshaug, Eric P.

Oleaginous microalgae synthesize and accumulate large quantities of lipids that are promising feedstocks for the production of biofuels (Hu et al., 2008; Williams and Laurens, 2010; Day et al., 2012; Quinn and Davis, 2015). The algal species Chlorella vulgaris accumulates triacylglycerides that dominate its cellular composition (>60% lipid based on dry cell weight) when cultured in medium lacking a nitrogen source (Guarnieri et al., 2011; Ikaran et al., 2015), which is a 'lipid trigger' in an array of microalgae. As such, C. vulgaris represents a model algal species for examination of lipid accumulation mechanisms and a potential deployment organism inmore » industrial algal biofuels applications. C. vulgaris has been extensively characterized biochemically and physiologically (Converti et al., 2009; Liang et al., 2009), and de novo-generated transcriptomic and proteomic datasets have indicated that post-transcriptional and -translational mechanisms likely govern lipid accumulation in response to nitrogen starvation (Guarnieri et al., 2011, 2013). However, the specific mechanisms underlying lipid biosynthesis in response to nitrogen stress remain elusive.« less

The Chlorella vulgaris S-Nitrosoproteome under Nitrogen-Replete and -Deplete Conditions

DOE PAGES

Henard, Calvin A.; Guarnieri, Michael T.; Knoshaug, Eric P.

2017-01-17

Oleaginous microalgae synthesize and accumulate large quantities of lipids that are promising feedstocks for the production of biofuels (Hu et al., 2008; Williams and Laurens, 2010; Day et al., 2012; Quinn and Davis, 2015). The algal species Chlorella vulgaris accumulates triacylglycerides that dominate its cellular composition (>60% lipid based on dry cell weight) when cultured in medium lacking a nitrogen source (Guarnieri et al., 2011; Ikaran et al., 2015), which is a 'lipid trigger' in an array of microalgae. As such, C. vulgaris represents a model algal species for examination of lipid accumulation mechanisms and a potential deployment organism inmore » industrial algal biofuels applications. C. vulgaris has been extensively characterized biochemically and physiologically (Converti et al., 2009; Liang et al., 2009), and de novo-generated transcriptomic and proteomic datasets have indicated that post-transcriptional and -translational mechanisms likely govern lipid accumulation in response to nitrogen starvation (Guarnieri et al., 2011, 2013). However, the specific mechanisms underlying lipid biosynthesis in response to nitrogen stress remain elusive.« less

KSC-2013-4198

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-11-20

VAN HORN, Texas – Blue Origin test fires a powerful new hydrogen- and oxygen-fueled American rocket engine at the company's West Texas facility. During the test, the BE-3 engine fired at full power for more than two minutes to simulate a launch, then paused for about four minutes, mimicking a coast through space before it re-ignited for a brief final burn. The last phase of the test covered the work the engine could perform in landing the booster back softly on Earth. Blue Origin, a partner of NASA’s Commercial Crew Program, or CCP, is developing its Orbital Launch Vehicle, which could eventually be used to launch the company's Space Vehicle into orbit to transport crew and cargo to low-Earth orbit. CCP is aiding in the innovation and development of American-led commercial capabilities for crew transportation and rescue services to and from the station and other low-Earth orbit destinations by the end of 2017. For information about CCP, visit www.nasa.gov/commercialcrew. Photo credit: NASA/Lauren Harnett

Addressing Underrepresentation: Physics Teaching for All

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rifkin, Moses

2016-02-01

Every physics teacher wants to give his or her students the opportunity to learn physics well. Despite these intentions, certain groups of students—including women and underrepresented minorities (URMs)—are not taking and not remaining in physics. In many cases, these disturbing trends are more significant in physics than in any other science. This is a missed opportunity for our discipline because demographic diversity strengthens science. The question is what we can do about these trends in our classrooms, as very few physics teachers have been explicitly prepared to address them. In this article, I will share some steps that I've taken in my classroom that have moved my class in the right direction. In the words of Nobel Prize-winning physicist Carl Wieman and psychologists Lauren Aguilar and Gregory Walton: "By investing a small amount of class time in carefully designed and implemented interventions, physics teachers can promote greater success among students from diverse backgrounds. Ultimately, we hope such efforts will indeed improve the diversity and health of the physics profession."

A simple lightning assimilation technique for improving ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Convective rainfall is often a large source of error in retrospective modeling applications. In particular, positive rainfall biases commonly exist during summer months due to overactive convective parameterizations. In this study, lightning assimilation was applied in the Kain-Fritsch (KF) convective scheme to improve retrospective simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The assimilation method has a straightforward approach: force KF deep convection where lightning is observed and, optionally, suppress deep convection where lightning is absent. WRF simulations were made with and without lightning assimilation over the continental United States for July 2012, July 2013, and January 2013. The simulations were evaluated against NCEP stage-IV precipitation data and MADIS near-surface meteorological observations. In general, the use of lightning assimilation considerably improves the simulation of summertime rainfall. For example, the July 2012 monthly averaged bias of 6 h accumulated rainfall is reduced from 0.54 to 0.07 mm and the spatial correlation is increased from 0.21 to 0.43 when lightning assimilation is used. Statistical measures of near-surface meteorological variables also are improved. Consistent improvements also are seen for the July 2013 case. These results suggest that this lightning assimilation technique has the potential to substantially improve simulation of warm-season rainfall in retrospective WRF applications. The

A Simple Lightning Assimilation Technique For Improving ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Convective rainfall is often a large source of error in retrospective modeling applications. In particular, positive rainfall biases commonly exist during summer months due to overactive convective parameterizations. In this study, lightning assimilation was applied in the Kain-Fritsch (KF) convective scheme to improve retrospective simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The assimilation method has a straightforward approach: Force KF deep convection where lightning is observed and, optionally, suppress deep convection where lightning is absent. WRF simulations were made with and without lightning assimilation over the continental United States for July 2012, July 2013, and January 2013. The simulations were evaluated against NCEP stage-IV precipitation data and MADIS near-surface meteorological observations. In general, the use of lightning assimilation considerably improves the simulation of summertime rainfall. For example, the July 2012 monthly-averaged bias of 6-h accumulated rainfall is reduced from 0.54 mm to 0.07 mm and the spatial correlation is increased from 0.21 to 0.43 when lightning assimilation is used. Statistical measures of near-surface meteorological variables also are improved. Consistent improvements also are seen for the July 2013 case. These results suggest that this lightning assimilation technique has the potential to substantially improve simulation of warm-season rainfall in retrospective WRF appli

Application of MALDI-TOF MS Systems in the Rapid Identification of Campylobacter spp. of Public Health Importance.

PubMed

Hsieh, Ying-Hsin; Wang, Yun F; Moura, Hercules; Miranda, Nancy; Simpson, Steven; Gowrishankar, Ramnath; Barr, John; Kerdahi, Khalil; Sulaiman, Irshad M

2018-05-01

Campylobacteriosis is an infectious gastrointestinal disease caused by Campylobacter spp. In most cases, it is either underdiagnosed or underreported due to poor diagnostics and limited databases. Several DNA-based molecular diagnostic techniques, including 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence typing, have been widely used in the species identification of Campylobacter. Nevertheless, these assays are time-consuming and require a high quality of bacterial DNA. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) MS is an emerging diagnostic technology that can provide the rapid identification of microorganisms by using their intact cells without extraction or purification. In this study, we analyzed 24 American Type Culture Collection reference isolates of 16 Campylobacter spp. and five unknown clinical bacterial isolates for rapid identification utilizing two commercially available MADI-TOF MS platforms, namely the bioMérieux VITEK® MS and Bruker Biotyper systems. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to confirm the species-level identification of the unknown clinical isolates. Both MALDI-TOF MS systems identified the isolates of C. jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, and C. fetus. The results of this study suggest that the MALDI-TOF MS technique can be used in the identification of Campylobacter spp. of public health importance.

MPEG-7 audio-visual indexing test-bed for video retrieval

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gagnon, Langis; Foucher, Samuel; Gouaillier, Valerie; Brun, Christelle; Brousseau, Julie; Boulianne, Gilles; Osterrath, Frederic; Chapdelaine, Claude; Dutrisac, Julie; St-Onge, Francis; Champagne, Benoit; Lu, Xiaojian

2003-12-01

This paper reports on the development status of a Multimedia Asset Management (MAM) test-bed for content-based indexing and retrieval of audio-visual documents within the MPEG-7 standard. The project, called "MPEG-7 Audio-Visual Document Indexing System" (MADIS), specifically targets the indexing and retrieval of video shots and key frames from documentary film archives, based on audio-visual content like face recognition, motion activity, speech recognition and semantic clustering. The MPEG-7/XML encoding of the film database is done off-line. The description decomposition is based on a temporal decomposition into visual segments (shots), key frames and audio/speech sub-segments. The visible outcome will be a web site that allows video retrieval using a proprietary XQuery-based search engine and accessible to members at the Canadian National Film Board (NFB) Cineroute site. For example, end-user will be able to ask to point on movie shots in the database that have been produced in a specific year, that contain the face of a specific actor who tells a specific word and in which there is no motion activity. Video streaming is performed over the high bandwidth CA*net network deployed by CANARIE, a public Canadian Internet development organization.

High-Resolution Mesoscale Model Setup for the Eastern Range and Wallops Flight Facility

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Watson, Leela R.; Zavodsky, Bradley T.

2015-01-01

use a cycled GSI system similar to the operational North American Mesoscale (NAM) model. The scripts run a 12-hour pre-cycle in which data are assimilated from 12 hours prior up to the model initialization time. A number of different model configurations were tested for both the ER and WFF by varying the horizontal resolution on which the data assimilation was done. Three different grid configurations were run for the ER and two configurations were run for WFF for archive cases from 27 Aug 2013 through 10 Nov 2013. To quantify model performance, standard model output will be compared to the Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS) data. The MADIS observation data will be compared to the WRF forecasts using the Model Evaluation Tools (MET) verification package. In addition, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction's Stage IV precipitation data will be used to validate the WRF precipitation forecasts. The author will summarize the relative skill of the various WRF configurations and how each configuration behaves relative to the others, as well as determine the best model configuration for each space launch range.

First account on the sedimentological, geochemical and petrophysical record of the Messinian Salinity Crisis in the subsurface of onshore Nile Delta, Egypt.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leila, Mahmoud; Moscariello, Andrea

2016-04-01

The giant Cenozoic Nile Delta system in the extreme northern part of Egypt occupies the southeastern part of the Eastern Mediterranean Basin and represents the most prolific gas province in Egypt with estimates more than 62 tcf of proven reserves (Niazi and Dahi, 2004). Despite the importance of the Messinian sediments in the Nile Delta hosting excellent petroleum reservoirs and seals (Dolson et al., 2001), they are still poorly studied. A multidisciplinary sedimentological, geochemical and petrophysical study is being carried out to unravel the depositional environment and tectonic setting before, during and after the important Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) period in the Eastern Mediterranean, and how this affected the eastern part of the onshore Nile Delta. The Lower Messinian Qawasim Formation consists of high to low-density turbiditic sandstones displaying several vertical stacked patterns of coarsening and fining upwards trends reflecting different pulses of sedimentation suggesting a sedimentation in a submarine fan developed at the base of shelf slope. The deeply incised valley infill, dating the Upper Messinian consists of the Abu Madi Formation made of lowstand braided and meandering fluvial sandstone interbedded with fine-grained floodplain sandstones and siltstones. The base of this unit is erosional and contains large mud clasts embedded in a fine-grained matrix. The Upper Miocene lowstand fluvial sandstones are capped by estuarine fine-grained cross laminated sandstones, siltstones/mudstones followed by an open marine mudstones of the Early Pliocene Kafr El-Sheikh Formation representing the end of the MSC and the subsequent transgression episode after the re-establishment of the connection between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic Ocean. Both the Qawasim and Abu Madi Formations display similar geochemical fingerprints from the clastic components. Recycled Cretaceous and Eocene sedimentary and granodioritic to intermediate igneous rocks located in

History of the term prostate.

PubMed

Josef Marx, Franz; Karenberg, Axel

2009-02-01

We comprehensively review the history of the word "prostate" and related terms from 600 BC to the present. Both medical and non-medical ancient texts were searched to clarify the term's etymology and use. Anatomy textbooks of the 16th through the 18th century were analyzed to identify descriptions, illustrations and various expressions used by contemporary authors to designate the prostate. In ancient Greek the masculine term "prostatēs" meant "president" and was exclusively used in a non-medical sense. It was not until the Renaissance that anatomists discovered the organ naming it "glandulous body." In 1600 the French physician du Laurens introduced the metaphoric denomination "prostatae." However he and his contemporaries misinterpreted the history of the organ and the term, choose the wrong gender when translating it into Latin, and believed that it designated a double organ. Only in the 1800s was this anatomical error corrected while the grammatical one lived on. The history of the term "prostate" is a prime example of the difficulties with which the development of a precise urologic terminology had to struggle. At the same time this retrospective view provides a stimulus to avoid linguistic ambiguity in the future.

The ethics of contacting family members of a subject in a genetic research study to return results for an autosomal dominant syndrome.

PubMed

Taylor, Holly A; Wilfond, Benjamin S

2013-01-01

This case explores the ethical landscape around recontacting a subject's relatives to return genetic research results when the informed consent form signed by the original cohort of subjects is silent on whether investigators may share new information with the research subject's family. As a result of rapid advances in genetic technology, methods to identify genetic markers can mature during the life course of a study. In this case, the investigators identified the genetic mutation responsible for the disorder after a number of their original subjects had died. The researchers now have the ability to inform relatives of the subject about their risk of developing the same disease. Mark Rothstein, JD, from the University of Louisville School of Medicine, provides an overview of the medical/scientific, legal, and ethical issues underlying this case. Lauren Milner, PhD, and colleagues at Stanford University explore how the relationship between researcher and subject affect this debate. Seema Shah, JD, and colleagues at the National Institutes of Health and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) discuss whether and how requirements of the duty to warn are applicable in this case.

Immunohistochemical assessment of Fhit protein expression in advanced gastric carcinomas in correlation with Helicobacter pylori infection and survival time.

PubMed

Czyzewska, Jolanta; Guzińska-Ustymowicz, Katarzyna; Pryczynicz, Anna; Kemona, Andrzej; Bandurski, Roman

2009-01-01

Fhit protein is known to play a role in the process of neoplastic transformation. It has been demonstrated that FHIT gene inactivation is manifested by a lack or very low concentration of Fhit protein in tissues collected from tumours in many organs, including head, neck, breast, lungs, stomach or large intestine. The study included a group of 80 patients with advanced gastric carcinomas. The expression of Fhit protein was assessed by means of the immunohistochemical method (avidin-biotin-streptavidin) in the sections fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin, using rabbit polyclonal antiFhit antibody (Abcam, UK) at 1: 200. Statistical analysis did not show any correlation of the expression of Fhit protein in the main mass of tumour and in the metastasis to lymph node with gender, depth of wall invasion, histological differentiation, Lauren's classification, Bormann's classification, metastases to local lymph nodes or Helicobacter pylori infection. However, a strong statistical correlation was revealed of Fhit protein expression in the main mass of tumour with patients' age (p=0.04) and tumour location in the stomach (p=0.02). No relationship was found between Fhit expression in the main mass of tumour and survival time (p=0.26).

Wait Up!: Attachment and Sovereign Power

PubMed Central

Duschinsky, Robbie; Greco, Monica; Solomon, Judith

2017-01-01

Sociologists and feminist scholars have, over many decades, characterised attachment as a social construction that functions to support political and gender conservatism. We accept that attachment theory has seen use to these ends and consider recent deployments of attachment theory as justification for a minimal State within conservative political discourse in the UK since 2009. However, we contest that attachment is reducible to its discursive construction. We consider Judith Butler’s depiction of the infant attached to an abusive caregiver as a foundation and parallel to the position of the adult citizen subjected to punitive cultural norms and political institutions. We develop and qualify Butler’s account, drawing on the insights offered by the work of Lauren Berlant. We also return to Foucault’s Psychiatric Power lectures, in which familial relations are situated as an island of sovereign power within the sea of modern disciplinary institutions. These reflections help advance analysis of three important issues: the social and political implications of attachment research; the relationship between disciplinary and sovereign power in the affective dynamic of subjection; and the political and ethical status of professional activity within the psy disciplines. PMID:28904425

KSC-2013-4164

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-11-20

VAN HORN, Texas – Blue Origin’s test stand, back right, is framed by a wind mill at the company’s West Texas facility. The company used this test stand to fire its powerful new hydrogen- and oxygen-fueled American rocket engine, the BE-3. The engine fired at full power for more than two minutes to simulate a launch, then paused for about four minutes, mimicking a coast through space before it re-ignited for a brief final burn. The last phase of the test covered the work the engine could perform in landing the booster back softly on Earth. Blue Origin, a partner of NASA’s Commercial Crew Program, or CCP, is developing its Orbital Launch Vehicle, which could eventually be used to launch the company's Space Vehicle into orbit to transport crew and cargo to low-Earth orbit. CCP is aiding in the innovation and development of American-led commercial capabilities for crew transportation and rescue services to and from the station and other low-Earth orbit destinations by the end of 2017. For information about CCP, visit www.nasa.gov/commercialcrew. Photo credit: NASA/Lauren Harnett

KSC-2013-4197

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-11-20

VAN HORN, Texas – The sun sets over a test stand at Blue Origin’s West Texas facility. The company used this test stand to fire its powerful new hydrogen- and oxygen-fueled American rocket engine, the BE-3, on Nov. 20. The BE-3 fired at full power for more than two minutes to simulate a launch, then paused for about four minutes, mimicking a coast through space before it re-ignited for a brief final burn. The last phase of the test covered the work the engine could perform in landing the booster back softly on Earth. Blue Origin, a partner of NASA’s Commercial Crew Program, or CCP, is developing its Orbital Launch Vehicle, which could eventually be used to launch the company's Space Vehicle into orbit to transport crew and cargo to low-Earth orbit. CCP is aiding in the innovation and development of American-led commercial capabilities for crew transportation and rescue services to and from the station and other low-Earth orbit destinations by the end of 2017. For information about CCP, visit www.nasa.gov/commercialcrew. Photo credit: NASA/Lauren Harnett

Early-stage gastric cancers represented as dysplasia in a previous forceps biopsy: the importance of clinical management.

PubMed

Park, Jin Seok; Hong, Su Jin; Han, Jae Pil; Kang, Myung Soo; Kim, Hee Kyung; Kwak, Jeong Ja; Ko, Bong Min; Cho, Joo Young; Lee, Joon Seong; Lee, Moon Sung

2013-02-01

Because histological examination of gastric lesions by forceps biopsy is of limited accuracy, management on the basis of histological results is occasionally controversial. We examined the characteristics of early gastric cancers that presented as dysplasia resulting from a previous forceps biopsy. Between April 2007 and December 2010, 341 gastric adenocarcinoma lesions from 330 patients previously diagnosed histologically via endoscopic submucosal dissection were examined. We retrospectively assessed the characteristics of early gastric cancer according to their initial forceps biopsy results. In total, 183 EGCs were diagnosed as dysplasia (53.7%; 89 low-grade and 94 high-grade) and 158 (46.3%) as carcinoma by forceps biopsy before endoscopic submucosal dissection. Significant differences were noted with respect to histologic differentiation of carcinomas, Lauren histologic type, depth of invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and en bloc resection between the dysplastic group and carcinoma group, based on forceps biopsy results. A forceps biopsy result is not fully representative of the entire lesion and, thus, endoscopic submucosal dissection should be considered for lesions diagnosed as dysplasia via forceps biopsy in order to avoid the risk of missed carcinomas. Copyright © 2012 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Public-policy issues associated with the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario: Chapter M in The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario

USGS Publications Warehouse

Johnson, Laurie; Real, Chuck

2013-01-01

The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) tsunami scenario simulates a tsunami generated by a hypothetical magnitude 9.1 earthquake that occurs offshore of the Alaska Peninsula (Kirby and others, 2013). In addition to the work performed by the authors on public-policy issues associated with the SAFRR tsunami scenario, this section of the scenario also reflects the policy discussions of the State of California’s Tsunami Policy Work Group, a voluntary advisory body formed in October 2011, which operates under the California Natural Resources Agency (CNRA), Department of Conservation, and is charged with identifying, evaluating, and making recommendations to resolve issues that are preventing full and effective implementation of tsunami hazard mitigation and risk reduction throughout California’s coastal communities. It also presents the analyses of plans and hazard policies of California’s coastal counties, incorporated cities, and major ports performed by the staff of the California Geological Survey (CGS) and Lauren Prehoda, Office of Environmental and Government Affairs, California Department of Conservation. It also draws on the policy framework and assessment prepared for the ARkStorm Pacific Coast winter storm and catastrophic flooding (Topping and others, 2010).

Wait Up!: Attachment and Sovereign Power.

PubMed

Duschinsky, Robbie; Greco, Monica; Solomon, Judith

2015-09-01

Sociologists and feminist scholars have, over many decades, characterised attachment as a social construction that functions to support political and gender conservatism. We accept that attachment theory has seen use to these ends and consider recent deployments of attachment theory as justification for a minimal State within conservative political discourse in the UK since 2009. However, we contest that attachment is reducible to its discursive construction. We consider Judith Butler's depiction of the infant attached to an abusive caregiver as a foundation and parallel to the position of the adult citizen subjected to punitive cultural norms and political institutions. We develop and qualify Butler's account, drawing on the insights offered by the work of Lauren Berlant. We also return to Foucault's Psychiatric Power lectures, in which familial relations are situated as an island of sovereign power within the sea of modern disciplinary institutions. These reflections help advance analysis of three important issues: the social and political implications of attachment research; the relationship between disciplinary and sovereign power in the affective dynamic of subjection; and the political and ethical status of professional activity within the psy disciplines.

Imaging for understanding speech communication: Advances and challenges

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Narayanan, Shrikanth

2005-04-01

Research in speech communication has relied on a variety of instrumentation methods to illuminate details of speech production and perception. One longstanding challenge has been the ability to examine real-time changes in the shaping of the vocal tract; a goal that has been furthered by imaging techniques such as ultrasound, movement tracking, and magnetic resonance imaging. The spatial and temporal resolution afforded by these techniques, however, has limited the scope of the investigations that could be carried out. In this talk, we focus on some recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging that allow us to perform near real-time investigations on the dynamics of vocal tract shaping during speech. Examples include Demolin et al. (2000) (4-5 images/second, ultra-fast turbo spin echo) and Mady et al. (2001,2002) (8 images/second, T1 fast gradient echo). A recent study by Narayanan et al. (2004) that used a spiral readout scheme to accelerate image acquisition has allowed for image reconstruction rates of 24 images/second. While these developments offer exciting prospects, a number of challenges lie ahead, including: (1) improving image acquisition protocols, hardware for enhancing signal-to-noise ratio, and optimizing spatial sampling; (2) acquiring quality synchronized audio; and (3) analyzing and modeling image data including cross-modality registration. [Work supported by NIH and NSF.

LOW PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL SCHISTOSOMIASIS AMONG FISHERFOLK LIVING ALONG THE RIVER NILE IN NORTH-WESTERN UGANDA: A BIOSOCIAL INVESTIGATION.

PubMed

Pearson, Georgina

2016-09-01

Mass drug administration has been less successful as a technique for controlling intestinal schistosomiasis (S. mansoni) than anticipated. In Uganda, the mass distribution of praziquantel has been provided to populations at risk of infection since the early 2000s, but prevalence mostly remains high. This is the case, for example, at locations in north-western and south-eastern Uganda. However, there is a remarkable exception. Among Madi fishing populations and their immediate neighbours, living close to the border with South Sudan, the rate of infection has dropped dramatically. A parasitological survey carried out at twelve fishing sites in 2013 identified only three cases of S. mansoni among 383 adults tested. This article asks: why is the prevalence of S. mansoni so low among fisherfolk in northern Uganda? Taking a biosocial approach, it suggests that the mass distribution of drugs, free of charge, has had an impact. However, the low prevalence of infection cannot be attributed to this alone. Other important factors may also have contributed to the decline in infection. These include changing fishing livelihoods, local attitudes to public health interventions, access to water and sanitation facilities, hygiene practices and the use of anti-malarial treatments. Above all, the article highlights the importance of investigating both social and biological dimensions of infection simultaneously, and of recognizing the local complexities of sustainably treating this debilitating parasitic disease.

An approach to real-time magnetic resonance imaging for speech production

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Narayanan, Shrikanth; Nayak, Krishna; Byrd, Dani; Lee, Sungbok

2003-04-01

Magnetic resonance imaging has served as a valuable tool for studying primarily static postures in speech production. Now, recent improvements in imaging techniques, particularly in temporal resolution, are making it possible to examine the dynamics of vocal tract shaping during speech. Examples include Mady et al. (2001, 2002) (8 images/second, T1 fast gradient echo) and Demolin et al. (2000) (4-5 images/second, ultra fast turbo spin echo sequence). The present study uses a non 2D-FFT acquisition strategy (spiral k-space trajectory) on a GE Signa 1.5T CV/i scanner with a low-flip angle spiral gradient echo originally developed for cardiac imaging [Kerr et al. (1997), Nayak et al. (2001)] with reconstruction rates of 8-10 images/second. The experimental stimuli included English sentences varying the syllable position of /n, r, l/ (spoken by 2 subjects) and Tamil sentences varying among five liquids (spoken by one subject). The imaging parameters were the following: 15 deg flip angle, 20-interleaves, 6.7 ms TR, 1.88 mm resolution over a 20 cm FOV, 5 mm slice thickness, and 2.4 ms spiral readouts. Data show clear real-time movements of the lips, tongue and velum. Sample movies and data analysis strategies will be presented. Segmental durations, positions, and inter-articulator timing can all be quantitatively evaluated. [Work supported by NIH.

76 FR 69318 - In the Matter of the Designation of Mali Khan also known as Madi Khan as a Specially Designated...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-08

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice 7681] In the Matter of the Designation of Mali Khan also known... Khan, committed, or poses a significant risk of committing, acts of terrorism that threaten the security of U.S. nationals or the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States...

STRESS RISK FACTORS AND STRESS-RELATED PATHOLOGY: NEUROPLASTICITY, EPIGENETICS AND ENDOPHENOTYPES

PubMed Central

Radley, Jason J.; Kabbaj, Mohamed; Jacobson, Lauren; Heydendael, Willem; Yehuda, Rachel; Herman, James P.

2013-01-01

This review highlights a symposium on stress risk factors and stress susceptibility, presented at the Neurobiology of Stress workshop in Boulder, Colorado, June 2010. This symposium addressed factors linking stress plasticity and reactivity to stress pathology in animal models and in humans. Dr. Jason Radley discussed studies demonstrating prefrontal cortical neuroplasticity and prefrontal control of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis function in rat, highlighting emerging evidence for a critical role of this region in normal and pathological stress integration. Dr. Mohamed Kabbaj summarized his studies of possible epigenetic mechanisms underlying behavioral differences in rat populations bred for differential stress reactivity. Dr. Lauren Jacobson described studies using a mouse model to explore the diverse actions of antidepressant action in brain, suggesting mechanisms whereby antidepressants may be differentially effective in treating specific depression endophenotypes. Dr. Rachel Yehuda discussed the role of glucocorticoids in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), indicating that low cortisol may be a trait that predisposes the individual to development of the disorder. Furthermore, she presented evidence indicating that traumatic events can have transgenerational impact on cortisol reactivity and development of PTSD symptoms. Together, the symposium highlighted emerging themes regarding the role of brain reorganization, individual differences and epigenetics in determining stress plasticity and pathology. PMID:21848436

Salt and stress synergize H. pylori-induced gastric lesions, cell proliferation, and p21 expression in Mongolian gerbils.

PubMed

Gamboa-Dominguez, Armando; Ubbelohde, Tom; Saqui-Salces, Milena; Romano-Mazzoti, Luis; Cervantes, Minerva; Domínguez-Fonseca, Claudia; de la Luz Estreber, Maria; Ruíz-Palacios, Guillermo M

2007-06-01

Our aim was to determine if salt and stress enhance Helicobacter pylori (Hp) lesions in Meriones unguiculatus. Two hundred seventy-eight pathogen-free gerbils were allocated to seven groups: Hp-Sydney strain (45), 8% higher-salt diet (38), stress (60% space reduction/water immersion; 36), Hp + salt (33), Hp + stress (34), N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (34), and sham (58). Gerbils were sacrificed at 1 week (67), 12 weeks (73), 52 weeks (65), and 68 weeks (73). Sydney, Padova, and Lauren classifications were blindly used. Proliferation, p53, p21, and apoptosis were assessed. Follicular active gastritis (grade 2/3) was observed in 10% of Hp gerbils, 38% of Hp + salt gerbils, and 29% of Hp + stress gerbils at 52 weeks and 67%, 83%, and 43% at 68 weeks (P < 0.05). Heterotopic proliferative glands were identified in synergy groups from 52 weeks, with increases in their number and size by 68 weeks. Higher proliferative rates were observed in Hp+salt gerbils (P < 0.0001), and p21 overexpression in Hp+salt and Hp+stress gerbils (both P's < 0.0001), by 68 weeks, without p53 increases. We conclude that salt and stress synergize Hp damage and increase pseudo-invasive gland foci.

A common molecular signature of intestinal-type gastric carcinoma indicates processes related to gastric carcinogenesis.

PubMed

Binato, Renata; Santos, Everton Cruz; Boroni, Mariana; Demachki, Samia; Assumpção, Paulo; Abdelhay, Eliana

2018-01-26

Gastric carcinoma (GC) is one of the most aggressive cancers and the second leading cause of cancer death in the world. According to the Lauren classification, this adenocarcinoma is divided into two subtypes, intestinal and diffuse, which differ in their clinical, epidemiological and molecular features. Several studies have attempted to delineate the molecular signature of gastric cancer to develop new and non-invasive screening tests that improve diagnosis and lead to new treatment strategies. However, a consensus signature has not yet been identified for each condition. Thus, this work aimed to analyze the gene expression profile of Brazilian intestinal-type GC tissues using microarrays and compare the results to those of non-tumor tissue samples. Moreover, we compared our intestinal-type gastric carcinoma profile with those obtained from populations worldwide to assess their similarity. The results identified a molecular signature for intestinal-type GC and revealed that 38 genes differentially expressed in Brazilian intestinal-type gastric carcinoma samples can successfully distinguish gastric tumors from non-tumor tissue in the global population. These differentially expressed genes participate in biological processes important to cell homeostasis. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analysis suggested that 7 of these genes could individually be able to predict overall survival in intestinal-type gastric cancer patients.

The risks of drinking water

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reichhardt, Tony

1984-04-01

Three researchers from the Energy and Environmental Policy Center at Harvard University have come up with a new method of calculating the risk from contaminants in drinking water, one that they believe takes into account some of the uncertainties in pronouncing water safe or dangerous to drink. The new method concentrates on the risk of cancer, which authors Edmund Crouch, Richard Wilson, and Lauren Zeise believe has not been properly considered in establishing drinking water standards.Writing in the December 1983 issue of Water Resources Research, the authors state that “current [drinking water] standards for a given chemical or class of chemicals do not account for the presence of other pollutants” that could combine to create dangerous substances. According to Wilson, “Over a hundred industrial pollutants and chlorination byproducts have been found in various samples of drinking water, some of which are known carcinogens, others suspected carcinogens.” The same chlorine that solves one major health problem—the threat of bacterial disease—can thus contribute to another, according to the authors, by increasing the long-term risk of cancer. The largest risks are due to halomethanes such as chloroform and bromoform, produced as chlorine reacts with organic matter in drinking water.

Clinical and Oncological Value of Preoperative BMI in Gastric Cancer Patients: A Single Center Experience

PubMed Central

Voglino, Costantino; Di Mare, Giulio; Ferrara, Francesco; De Franco, Lorenzo; Roviello, Franco; Marrelli, Daniele

2015-01-01

Introduction. The impact of preoperative BMI on surgical outcomes and long-term survival of gastric cancer patients was investigated in various reports with contrasting results. Materials & Methods. A total of 378 patients who underwent a surgical resection for primary gastric cancer between 1994 and 2011 were retrospectively studied. Patients were stratified according to BMI into a normal group (<25, group A), an overweight group (25–30, group B), and an obesity group (≥30, group C). These 3 groups were compared according to clinical-pathological characteristics, surgical treatment, and long-term survival. Results. No significant correlations between BMI and TNM (2010), UICC stage (2010), Lauren's histological type, surgical results, lymph node dissection, and postoperative morbidity and mortality were observed. Factors related to higher BMI were male gender (P < 0.05), diabetes (P < 0.001), and serum blood proteins (P < 0.01). A trend to fewer lymph nodes retrieved during gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy in overweight patients (B and C groups) was observed, although not statistically significant. There was no difference in overall survival or disease-specific survival between the three groups. Conclusion. According to our data, BMI should not be considered a significant predictor of postoperative complications or long-term result in gastric cancer patients. PMID:25759721

Goseki grade and tumour location influence survival of patients with gastric cancer.

PubMed

Calik, Muhammet; Calik, Ilknur; Demirci, Elif; Altun, Eren; Gundogdu, Betul; Sipal, Sare; Gundogdu, Cemal

2014-01-01

Owing to the variability of histopathological features and biological behaviour in gastric carcinoma, a great number of categorisation methods such as classical histopathologic grading, Lauren classification, the TNM staging system and the newly presented Goseki grading method are used by pathologists and other scientists. In our study, we aimed to investigate whether Goseki grade and tumour location have an effects on survival of gastric cancer cases. Eighty-four patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were covered in the investigation. The importance of Goseki grading system and tumour location were analysed in addition to the TNM staging and other conventional prognostic parameters. The median survival time in our patients was 35 months (minimum: 5, maximum: 116). According to our findings, there was no relation between survival and tumour size (p=0.192) or classical histological type (p=0.270). In contrast, the Goseki grade and tumour location significantly correlated with survival (p=0.007 and p<0.001, respectively). Additionally, tumours of the intestinal type had a longer median survival time (60.0 months) than diffuse tumours (24.0 months). In addition to the TNM staging system, tumour location and the Goseki grading system may be used as significant prognostic parameters in patients with gastric cancer.

Upregulation of long non-coding RNA M26317 correlates with tumor progression and poor prognosis in gastric cancer.

PubMed

Li, Li; Wang, Yuan-Yu; Mou, Xiao Zhou; Ye, Zai-Yuan; Zhao, Zhong-Sheng

2018-04-23

To investigate the expression and clinical significance of long non-coding RNA (lnc RNA) in gastric cancer, we applied microarray analysis to obtain expression profiles of protein coding genes and lncRNAs in tumor and paired adjacent non-tumor tissues. We found that 41 lncRNAs were upregulated and 31 lncRNAs were downregulated more than 2-fold in gastric cancer versus noncancerous tissues (ratio>2.0, P<.01). We established a co-expression network of the differentially expressed lncRNAs and targeted coding genes that included 17 lncRNAs and 16 coding genes. As the results of microarray analysis showed that lncRNA M26317 was upregulated in gastric cancer tissues we examined the expression level of M26317 in 103 gastric cancer tissues by RT-PCR and 436 gastric cancer tissues by in situ hybridization. Our data confirmed that M26317 was upregulated in gastric cancer tissues. Moreover, expression of M26317 correlated with patient age, size of tumor, Lauren's classification, depth of invasion, lymph node and distant metastasis, TNM stage and poor prognosis (P<.05), but was not associated with gender, location of tumor, and differentiation (P>.05). M26317 may have an important role in malignant transformation and metastasis of gastric cancer. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Diabatic Initialization of Mesoscale Models in the Southeastern United States: Can 0 to 12h Warm Season QPF be Improved?

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lapenta, William M.; Bradshaw, Tom; Burks, Jason; Darden, Chris; Dembek, Scott

2003-01-01

It is well known that numerical warm season quantitative precipitation forecasts lack significant skill for numerous reasons. Some are related to the model--it may lack physical processes required to realistically simulate convection or the numerical algorithms and dynamics employed may not be adequate. Others are related to initialization-mesoscale features play an important role in convective initialization and atmospheric observation systems are incapable of properly depicting the three-dimensional stability structure at the mesoscale. The purpose of this study is to determine if a mesoscale model initialized with a diabatic initialization scheme can improve short-term (0 to 12h) warm season quantitative precipitation forecasts in the Southeastern United States. The Local Analysis and Prediction System (LAPS) developed at the Forecast System Laboratory is used to diabatically initialize the Pennsylvania State University/National center for Atmospheric Research (PSUNCAR) Mesoscale Model version 5 (MM5). The SPORT Center runs LAPS operationally on an hourly cycle to produce analyses on a 15 km covering the eastern 2/3 of the United States. The 20 km National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Rapid Update Cycle analyses are used for the background fields. Standard observational data are acquired from MADIS with GOES/CRAFT Nexrad data acquired from in-house feeds. The MM5 is configured on a 140 x 140 12 km grid centered on Huntsville Alabama. Preliminary results indicate that MM5 runs initialized with LAPS produce improved 6 and 12h QPF threat scores compared with those initialized with the NCEP RUC.

[Interleukin-10-1082 promoter polymorphism and the risk of gastric cancer].

PubMed

Yin, Yi-qiong; Liu, Chun-juan; Zhang, Ming-ming; Zhou, Yong

2012-05-01

To investigate the association between Interleukin-10 (IL-10) promoter polymorphism and the gastric cancer risk in Chinese Han patients. DNA was extracted from blood samples of gastric cancer patients (n = 75) and controls (n = 75). IL-10 -1082 promoter polymorphism in both patient and control group (three genotypes distribution: AA, AG and GG) was identified by PCR-RFLP and its relationship with gastric cancer risk, clinic and pathologic features was also analyzed. Patients with gastric cancer had a significantly lower frequency of AA (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.20, 0.92; P = 0.03) than controls. Patients with proximal gastric cancer had a significantly higher frequency of GG (OR = 3.06, 95% CI = 1.12, 8.36; P = 0.03) than those with distant gastric cancer. Patients with advanced (stage II/IV) gastric cancer had a significantly higher frequency of AA (OR = 5.09, 95% CI = 1.05, 24.70; P = 0.04) than those with early (stage I /IV) gastric cancer. When stratified by the Lauren's classification, histological differentiation of gastric cancer, no statistically significant results was observed. This study suggests that the IL-1 1082 promoter polymorphism may be associated with gastric cancer in Chinese Han patients, and the difference in genotype distribution may be associated with the location and stage of gastric cancer.

Using gastric juice lncRNA-ABHD11-AS1 as a novel type of biomarker in the screening of gastric cancer.

PubMed

Yang, Yunben; Shao, Yongfu; Zhu, Mengying; Li, Qier; Yang, Fang; Lu, Xuwen; Xu, Chunjing; Xiao, Bingxiu; Sun, Yanke; Guo, Junming

2016-01-01

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital roles in tumorigenesis. However, the diagnostic values of most lncRNAs are largely unknown. To investigate whether gastric juice lncRNA-ABHD11-AS1 can be a potential biomarker in the screening of gastric cancer, 173 tissue samples and 130 gastric juice from benign lesion, gastric dysplasia, gastric premalignant lesions, and gastric cancer were collected. ABHD11-AS1 levels were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Then, the relationships between ABHD11-AS1 levels and clinicopathological factors of patients with gastric cancer were investigated. The results showed that ABHD11-AS1 levels in gastric cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in other tissues. Its levels in gastric juice from gastric cancer patients were not only significantly higher than those from cases of normal mucosa or minimal gastritis, atrophic gastritis, and gastric ulcers but also associated with gender, tumor size, tumor stage, Lauren type, and blood carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. More importantly, when using gastric juice ABHD11-AS1 as a marker, the positive detection rate of early gastric cancer patients was reached to 71.4 %. Thanks to the special origin of gastric juice, these results indicate that gastric juice ABHD11-AS1 may be a potential biomarker in the screening of gastric cancer.

No Negative Impact of Palliative Sedation on Relatives' Experience of the Dying Phase and Their Wellbeing after the Patient's Death: An Observational Study.

PubMed

Bruinsma, S M; van der Heide, A; van der Lee, M L; Vergouwe, Y; Rietjens, J A C

2016-01-01

Palliative sedation is the widely-used intervention of administering sedating agents to induce a state of unconsciousness to take away a dying patient's perception of otherwise irrelievable symptoms. However, it remains questionable whether this ethically complex intervention is beneficial for patients and whether the associated lack of communication in the last phase of life has a negative impact on relatives' wellbeing. An observational questionnaire study was conducted among relatives of a consecutive sample of patients who died a non-sudden death in the Erasmus MC Cancer Institute or in the hospice 'Laurens Cadenza' (both in Rotterdam) between 2010 and 2013. Relatives filled in questionnaires regarding 151 patients who had been sedated and 90 patients who had not been sedated. The median time since all patients had passed away was 21 (IQR 14-32) months. No significant differences were found in relatives´ assessments of the quality of end-of-life care, patients´ quality of life in the last week before death and their quality of dying, between patients who did and did not receive sedation, or in relatives' satisfaction with their own life, their general health and their mental wellbeing after the patient's death. The use of sedation in these patients appears to have no negative effect on bereaved relatives' evaluation of the patient's dying phase, or on their own wellbeing after the patient's death.

Increasing Consumer Engagement by Tailoring a Public Reporting Website on the Quality of Diabetes Care: A Qualitative Study.

PubMed

Smith, Maureen A; Bednarz, Lauren; Nordby, Peter A; Fink, Jennifer; Greenlee, Robert T; Bolt, Daniel; Magnan, Elizabeth M

2016-12-21

The majority of health care utilization decisions in the United States are made by persons with multiple chronic conditions. Existing public reports of health system quality do not distinguish care for these persons and are often not used by the consumers they aim to reach. Our goal was to determine if tailoring quality reports to persons with diabetes mellitus and co-occurring chronic conditions would increase user engagement with a website that publicly reports the quality of diabetes care. We adapted an existing consumer-focused public reporting website using adult learning theory to display diabetes quality reports tailored to the user's chronic condition profile. We conducted in-depth cognitive interviews with 20 individuals who either had diabetes and/or cared for someone with diabetes to assess the website. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed, then analyzed using thematic content analysis. Three themes emerged that suggested increased engagement from tailoring the site to a user's chronic conditions: ability to interact, relevance, and feeling empowered to act. We conclude that tailoring can be used to improve public reporting sites for individuals with chronic conditions, ultimately allowing consumers to make more informed health care decisions. ©Maureen A Smith, Lauren Bednarz, Peter A Nordby, Jennifer Fink, Robert T Greenlee, Daniel Bolt, Elizabeth M Magnan. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 21.12.2016.

Changing landscapes, changing practice: negotiating access to sleeping sickness services in a post-conflict society.

PubMed

Palmer, Jennifer J; Kelly, Ann H; Surur, Elizeous I; Checchi, Francesco; Jones, Caroline

2014-11-01

For several decades, control programmes for human African trypanosomiasis (HAT, or sleeping sickness) in South Sudan have been delivered almost entirely as humanitarian interventions: large, well-organised, externally-funded but short-term programmes with a strategic focus on active screening. When attempts to hand over these programmes to local partners fail, resident populations must actively seek and negotiate access to tests at hospitals via passive screening. However, little is known about the social impact of such humanitarian interventions or the consequences of withdrawal on access to and utilisation of remaining services by local populations. Based on qualitative and quantitative fieldwork in Nimule, South Sudan (2008-2010), where passive screening necessarily became the predominant strategy, this paper investigates the reasons why, among two ethnic groups (Madi returnees and Dinka displaced populations), service uptake was so much higher among the latter. HAT tests were the only form of clinical care for which displaced Dinka populations could self-refer; access to all other services was negotiated through indigenous area workers. Because of the long history of conflict, these encounters were often morally and politically fraught. An open-door policy to screening supported Dinka people to 'try' HAT tests in the normal course of treatment-seeking, thereby empowering them to use HAT services more actively. This paper argues that in a context like South Sudan, where HAT control increasingly depends upon patient-led approaches to case-detection, it is imperative to understand the cultural values and political histories associated with the practice of testing and how medical humanitarian programmes shape this landscape of care, even after they have been scaled down. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Interleukin-10 -1082 promoter polymorphism and gastric cancer risk in a Chinese Han population.

PubMed

Zhou, Yong; Hu, Wen; Zhuang, Wen; Wu, Xiaoting

2011-01-01

Studies investigating the association between interleukin-10 (IL-10) -1082 promoter polymorphism and gastric cancer risk report conflicting results. Our recent meta-analysis suggests that the IL-10 -1082 promoter polymorphism may be associated with gastric cancer among Asians. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between IL-10 -1082 promoter polymorphism and gastric cancer risk in Chinese Han patients. We extracted the peripheral blood samples in 150 patients with gastric cancer and 150 controls. PCR-RFLP analysis was performed to detect IL-10 -1082 promoter polymorphism in these patients. Patients with gastric cancer had a significantly lower frequency of AA (OR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.27, 0.76; P = 0.003) than controls. Patients with cardia gastric cancer had a significantly higher frequency of GG (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.08, 4.38; P = 0.03) than those with noncardia gastric cancer. Patients with advanced gastric cancer had a significantly higher frequency of AA (OR = 5.21, 95% CI = 1.71, 15.87; P = 0.004) than those with early gastric cancer. When stratified by the Lauren's classification, histological differentiation of gastric cancer, no statistically significant results were observed. This study suggests that the IL-10 -1082 promoter polymorphism may be associated with gastric cancer in Chinese Han patients, and that difference in genotype distribution may be associated with the location and stage of gastric cancer.

No Negative Impact of Palliative Sedation on Relatives’ Experience of the Dying Phase and Their Wellbeing after the Patient’s Death: An Observational Study

PubMed Central

van der Lee, M. L.; Vergouwe, Y.

2016-01-01

Background Palliative sedation is the widely-used intervention of administering sedating agents to induce a state of unconsciousness to take away a dying patient’s perception of otherwise irrelievable symptoms. However, it remains questionable whether this ethically complex intervention is beneficial for patients and whether the associated lack of communication in the last phase of life has a negative impact on relatives’ wellbeing. Methods An observational questionnaire study was conducted among relatives of a consecutive sample of patients who died a non-sudden death in the Erasmus MC Cancer Institute or in the hospice ‘Laurens Cadenza’ (both in Rotterdam) between 2010 and 2013. Results Relatives filled in questionnaires regarding 151 patients who had been sedated and 90 patients who had not been sedated. The median time since all patients had passed away was 21 (IQR 14–32) months. No significant differences were found in relatives´ assessments of the quality of end-of-life care, patients´ quality of life in the last week before death and their quality of dying, between patients who did and did not receive sedation, or in relatives’ satisfaction with their own life, their general health and their mental wellbeing after the patient’s death. Conclusions The use of sedation in these patients appears to have no negative effect on bereaved relatives’ evaluation of the patient’s dying phase, or on their own wellbeing after the patient’s death. PMID:26871717

The Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Patients with Gastric Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.

PubMed

Yin, Songcheng; Huang, Jinyu; Li, Zhan; Zhang, Junyan; Luo, Jiazi; Lu, Chunyang; Xu, Hao; Xu, Huimian

2017-01-01

Comprehensive studies have investigated the prognostic and clinicopathological value of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in gastric cancer patients, yet results remain controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to clarify this issue. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify eligible studies. We extracted hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to estimate the effect sizes. In addition, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were also conducted. A total of 19 studies involving 2242 patients were included. High generalised TAMs density was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.15-1.95). Subgroup analysis revealed that CD68+ TAMs had no significant effect on OS (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.00-1.91). High M1 TAMs density was correlated with better OS (HR 0.45, 95% CI 0.32-0.65). By contrast, high density of M2 TAMs was correlated with a poor prognosis for OS (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.25-1.75). Furthermore, high M2 TAMs density was correlated with larger tumor size, diffuse Lauren type, poor histologic differentiation, deeper tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, and advanced TNM stage. Overall, this meta-analysis reveal that although CD68+ TAMs infiltration has the neutral prognostic effects on OS, the M1/M2 polarization of TAMs are predicative factor of prognosis in gastric cancer patients.

Ceremony Honoring Connor Johnson

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-03-15

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – Six-year-old Connor Johnson, left, is welcomed to the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida by NASA Kennedy Space Center Director and former astronaut Robert Cabana for a ceremony in which he will present Connor with space mementos to inspire the youngster to continue the dream he has had since the age of three of becoming an astronaut. Connor is accompanied by his parents Eric and Lauren and younger brother Liam, in the background. Connor, of Denver, Colo., gained national attention for having the "right stuff" when he launched an online petition on the White House website in December 2013 to save NASA’s funding from budget cuts. One of the mementos, a piece of space history, was a bolt used to hold the International Space Station's Unity module in place in space shuttle Endeavour's payload bay on the STS-88 mission, the first station assembly mission and Cabana's fourth and final spaceflight. Connor and his family were the guests of Delaware North Companies Parks & Resorts, the concessionaire managing the visitor complex. During his visit, Connor had the opportunity to meet with astronauts, see space vehicles and witness the Robot Rocket Rally underway in the complex' Rocket Garden over the weekend. To learn more about the educational activities available daily at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex, visit http://www.kennedyspacecenter.com. Photo credit: NASA/Dan Casper

Clinicopathologic and prognostic characteristics of alpha-fetoprotein–producing gastric cancer

PubMed Central

Dong, Xuqiang; Wang, Yao; Zhang, Weiming; Shen, Lizong; Zhang, Zhihong

2017-01-01

Alpha-fetoprotein–producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) accounts for 1.5%–7.1% of all gastric cancer cases. Compared with other types of gastric cancer, AFPGC is more aggressive and prone to liver and lymph node (LN) metastasis, with extremely poor prognosis. To improve understanding of AFPGC we reviewed a consecutive series of 82 AFPGC patients and investigated the prognostic factors. The incidence of AFPGC among our gastric cancer patients was 1.95%, and 29.27% of AFPGCs were diagnosed with metastasis at the time of presentation, mainly liver metastasis. The serum AFP level of patients with AFPGC was significantly associated with tumor differentiation. Histologically, these AFPGC patients were composed of 34.55% hapatiod type, 58.18% fetal gastrointestinal type, 9.09% yolk sac tumor-like type, and 14.55% mixed type. Patient gender, tumor differentiation, Lauren classification, and number of metastatic lymph nodes showed significant differences among these four subtypes. The overall survival time was 42.02 months and the 3-year cumulative survival rate was 53.13%. Age, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging classification (TNM stage), serum AFP level, and surgery were prognostic factors for overall survival; however, TNM stage was the only independent risk factor for prognosis of AFPGC. In short, AFPGC is a rare, unique, and heterogeneous entity, and its proper identification and treatment remain a challenge. More attention should be paid to AFPGC to improve patient care and the dismal prognosis. PMID:28423604

Clinicopathologic and prognostic characteristics of alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer.

PubMed

He, Ruji; Yang, Qinyi; Dong, Xuqiang; Wang, Yao; Zhang, Weiming; Shen, Lizong; Zhang, Zhihong

2017-04-04

Alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) accounts for 1.5%-7.1% of all gastric cancer cases. Compared with other types of gastric cancer, AFPGC is more aggressive and prone to liver and lymph node (LN) metastasis, with extremely poor prognosis. To improve understanding of AFPGC we reviewed a consecutive series of 82 AFPGC patients and investigated the prognostic factors. The incidence of AFPGC among our gastric cancer patients was 1.95%, and 29.27% of AFPGCs were diagnosed with metastasis at the time of presentation, mainly liver metastasis. The serum AFP level of patients with AFPGC was significantly associated with tumor differentiation. Histologically, these AFPGC patients were composed of 34.55% hapatiod type, 58.18% fetal gastrointestinal type, 9.09% yolk sac tumor-like type, and 14.55% mixed type. Patient gender, tumor differentiation, Lauren classification, and number of metastatic lymph nodes showed significant differences among these four subtypes. The overall survival time was 42.02 months and the 3-year cumulative survival rate was 53.13%. Age, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging classification (TNM stage), serum AFP level, and surgery were prognostic factors for overall survival; however, TNM stage was the only independent risk factor for prognosis of AFPGC. In short, AFPGC is a rare, unique, and heterogeneous entity, and its proper identification and treatment remain a challenge. More attention should be paid to AFPGC to improve patient care and the dismal prognosis.

KSC-2011-7939

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-11-25

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – An educational news conference to explore "Why Mars Excites and Inspires Us" begins in NASA Kennedy Space Center's Press Site auditorium in Florida during prelaunch activities for the agency’s Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) launch. Participants are, from left, Leland Melvin, NASA associate administrator for Education; Clara Ma, student, NASA contest winner for naming Curiosity, Shawnee Mission East High School, Prairie Village, Kansas; Scott Anderson, teacher and science department chairman, Da Vinci School for Science and the Arts, El Paso, Texas; Lauren Lyons, graduate student, Harvard University, FIRST robotics alumna; and Veronica McGregor, manager, Media Relations Office, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. MSL's car-sized Martian rover, Curiosity, has 10 science instruments designed to search for signs of life, including methane, and help determine if the gas is from a biological or geological source. Ma's entry was selected the winner from 9,000 entries in NASA's nationwide student contest to name the rover. At the time, she was a twelve-year-old sixth-grade student at the Sunflower Elementary school in Lenexa, Kansas. Liftoff of MSL aboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket from Space Launch Complex-41 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station is planned during a launch window which extends from 10:02 a.m. to 11:45 a.m. EST on Nov. 26. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/msl. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

KSC-2011-7940

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-11-25

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – An educational news conference to explore "Why Mars Excites and Inspires Us" is under way in NASA Kennedy Space Center's Press Site auditorium in Florida during prelaunch activities for the agency’s Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) launch. Participants are, from left, moderator George Diller, NASA Public Affairs, NASA Kennedy Space Center; Leland Melvin, NASA associate administrator for Education; Clara Ma, student, NASA contest winner for naming Curiosity, Shawnee Mission East High School, Prairie Village, Kansas; Scott Anderson, teacher and science department chairman, Da Vinci School for Science and the Arts, El Paso, Texas; Lauren Lyons, graduate student, Harvard University, FIRST robotics alumna; and Veronica McGregor, manager, Media Relations Office, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. MSL's car-sized Martian rover, Curiosity, has 10 science instruments designed to search for signs of life, including methane, and help determine if the gas is from a biological or geological source. Ma's entry was selected the winner from 9,000 entries in NASA's nationwide student contest to name the rover. At the time, she was a twelve-year-old sixth-grade student at the Sunflower Elementary school in Lenexa, Kansas. Liftoff of MSL aboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket from Space Launch Complex-41 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station is planned during a launch window which extends from 10:02 a.m. to 11:45 a.m. EST on Nov. 26. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/msl. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

Prognostic significance of Fas and Fas ligand system-associated apoptosis in gastric cancer.

PubMed

Ohno, S; Tachibana, M; Shibakita, M; Dhar, D K; Yoshimura, H; Kinugasa, S; Kubota, H; Masunaga, R; Nagasue, N

2000-12-01

Previous studies indicate that gastric carcinomas express Fas ligand and down-regulate Fas to escape from the host immune attack; however, the prognostic importance of Fas/FasL expression in this tumor is yet to be evaluated. Specimens from 87 gastric carcinoma patients of different stages treated in a defined period with curative intent were evaluated for apoptosis, Fas, FasL, and CD8 expression using an immunohistochemical method. The percentage of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive apoptotic cells expressed as apoptotic index (AI) was higher in 43 patients when the cut-off value was set at the median value. There were no significant correlations between AI and clinicopathologic parameters. Thirty-nine patients showed a high number of CD8+ cells within cancer nests. Positive FasL and Fas expression was seen in 53 and 72 patients, respectively. CD8 and FasL expressions were related only to patients' age. Fas expression had significant correlations with tumor invasion and Lauren classification. There were significant direct correlations between AI and number of nest CD8+ cells and between AI and grade of Fas expression. Apoptotic index, pT stage, CD8 expression, and Fas expression were identified as independent prognostic factors. Spontaneous apoptosis in gastric carcinoma may be an independent prognosticator for survival and is significantly influenced by tumor Fas expression and number of nest CD8 + cells.

PREFACE: Peyresq Physics Workshops 11 and 12—'Micro and Macro Structure of Spacetime', Peyresq, Alpes de Haute Provence, France (17 23 June 2006 and 16 22 June 2007)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arteaga, D.; Verdaguer, E.

2008-08-01

-optical and condensed matter physics. The richness of this theme spans a diverse spectrum of current topics which can be gleaned from the titles of the talks presented in these two meetings. Peyresq is a medieval Provençal village situated 100km from Nice at an altitude of 1528m. The village was founded in the early 13th century. At the beginning of the 17th century there were around 50 houses and by 1851 the village counted 208 inhabitants distributed among 53 families. Like many other villages of Haute Provence, it was almost completely deserted after the Second World War. During the 1950s the village was progressively entirely rebuilt in its original spirit and style by students of Belgian universities, mainly the Université Libre de Bruxelles, under the guidance of Mady and Toine Smets. The aim was to create a 'Foyer d'Humanisme', an international humanistic center for cultural, artistic, and scientific pursuits. The workshops were financed by the Fondation Peyresq, Foyer d'Humanisme, the Fondation Nicolas Claude Fabri de Peyresq, and OLAM (Association pour la Recherche Fondamentale, Brussels). We would like to thank all these institutions for their help and financial support. We extend our warm appreciation to Madame Mady Smets without whom none of this work could have come to light. We would like to thank all the participants for the many lively discussions that we have enjoyed and for their effort in preparing written contributions. We would also like to thank the editorial staff of Classical and Quantum Gravity, especially Tom Spicer, Joseph Tennant and Eirini Messaritaki, for their support and efficiency in preparing this volume. Finally, we thank Edgar Gunzig and Bei-Lok Hu as the main driving forces behind the organization of these workshops.

Nanoscale topographic pattern formation on Kr{sup +}-bombarded germanium surfaces

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Perkinson, Joy C.; Madi, Charbel S.; Aziz, Michael J.

2013-03-15

The nanoscale pattern formation of Ge surfaces uniformly irradiated by Kr{sup +} ions was studied in a low-contamination environment at ion energies of 250 and 500 eV and at angles of 0 Degree-Sign through 80 Degree-Sign . The authors present a phase diagram of domains of pattern formation occurring as these two control parameters are varied. The results are insensitive to ion energy over the range covered by the experiments. Flat surfaces are stable from normal incidence up to an incidence angle of {theta} = 55 Degree-Sign from normal. At higher angles, the surface is linearly unstable to the formationmore » of parallel-mode ripples, in which the wave vector is parallel to the projection of the ion beam on the surface. For {theta} {>=} 75 Degree-Sign the authors observe perpendicular-mode ripples, in which the wave vector is perpendicular to the ion beam. This behavior is qualitatively similar to those of Madi et al. for Ar{sup +}-irradiated Si but is inconsistent with those of Ziberi et al. for Kr{sup +}-irradiated Ge. The existence of a window of stability is qualitatively inconsistent with a theory based on sputter erosion [R. M. Bradley and J. M. Harper, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 6, 2390 (1988)] and qualitatively consistent with a model of ion impact-induced mass redistribution [G. Carter and V. Vishnyakov, Phys. Rev. B 54, 17647 (1996)] as well as a crater function theory incorporating both effects [S. A. Norris et al., Nat. Commun. 2, 276 (2011)]. The critical transition angle between stable and rippled surfaces occurs 10 Degree-Sign -15 Degree-Sign above the value of 45 Degree-Sign predicted by the mass redistribution model.« less

THE PRESENCE OF METASTASES IN REGIONAL LYMPH NODES IS ASSOCIATED WITH TUMOR SIZE AND DEPTH OF INVASION IN SPORADIC GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA

PubMed Central

CAMBRUZZI, Eduardo; de AZEREDO, Andreza Mariane; KRONHART, Ardala; FOLTZ, Katia Martins; ZETTLER, Cláudio Galeano; PÊGAS, Karla Lais

2014-01-01

Background Gastric adenocarcinoma is more often found in men over 50 years in the form of an antral lesion. The tumor has heterogeneous histopathologic features and a poor prognosis (median survival of 15% in five years). Aim To estimate the relationship between the presence of nodal metastasis and other prognostic factors in sporadic gastric adenocarcinoma. Method Were evaluated 164 consecutive cases of gastric adenocarcinoma previously undergone gastrectomy (partial or total), without clinical evidence of distant metastasis, and determined the following variables: topography of the lesion, tumor size, Borrmann macroscopic configuration, histological grade, early or advanced lesions, Lauren histological subtype, presence of signet ring cell, degree of invasion, perigastric lymph node status, angiolymphatic/perineural invasion, and staging. Results Were found 21 early lesions (12.8%) and 143 advanced lesions (87.2%), with a predominance of lesions classified as T3 (n=99/60, 4%) and N1 (n=62/37, 8%). The nodal status was associated with depth of invasion (p<0.001) and tumor size (p<0.001). The staging was related to age (p=0.048), histological grade (p=0.003), and presence of signet ring cells (p = 0.007), angiolymphatic invasion (p = 0.001), and perineural invasion (p=0.003). Conclusion In gastric cancer, lymph node involvement, tumor size and depth of invasion are histopathological data associated with the pattern of growth/tumor spread, suggesting that a wide dissection of perigastric lymph nodes is a fundamental step in the surgical treatment of these patients. PMID:24676292

[Expression of p27 and proliferative (MIB-1), mitotic (MI) and apoptotic indices in early-phase (EGF) gastric carcinoma. Results of a study by the Italian Gastric Cancer Research Group (IRGGC)].

PubMed

Saragoni, L; Morgagni, P; De Manzoni, G; Tomezzoli, A; Roviello, F; Marrelli, D; Di Leo, A; Vindigni, C; Kurihara, H; Fociani, P

2003-02-01

Since the Japanese Society for Gastroenterology and Endoscopy (JSGE) introduced the definition of Early Gastric Cancer (EGC), much more and deeper studies were done, which demonstrated that EGC was a more complex phase of the neoplastic disease with different morphologic characteristics, tightly linked to the prognosis. We evaluated the clinical impact of some prognostic factors, known being important in the advanced lesions, in a series of EGC patients with special reference to the clinicomorphological features. We analysed the mitotic (MI) and apoptotic (AI) indices and the immunohistochemical expression of p27 and MIB-1 in 83 EGC cases consecutively recruited in the hospitals of Forlì, Verona, Siena and Milan (IRGGC) in the period 1994-95. The classifications of JSGE, Lauren and Kodama were used to define the macroscopic, microscopic and growth pattern types, respectively. Decreased p27 expression correlated with the macroscopic escavated lesions and diffused mixed histotypes; the increase of MIB-1 detection with tumour size larger than 2 cm, but lesser than 4 cm; MI with intestinal histologic types and AI with mucosal and penetrating lesions, according to Kodama. Statistical analysis showed significative correlations among MIB-1, MI and AI, but not with p27 and the other variables. All these factors did not influence the prognosis of our patients. In our series, p27, MIB-1, MI, and AI did not add any useful clinical. So, in EGC patients the morphological features have still the most important role in influencing the prognosis and treatment of patients.

Poorly Differentiated Medullary Phenotype Predicts Poor Survival in Early Lymph Node-Negative Gastro-Esophageal Adenocarcinomas.

PubMed

Treese, Christoph; Sanchez, Pedro; Grabowski, Patricia; Berg, Erika; Bläker, Hendrik; Kruschewski, Martin; Haase, Oliver; Hummel, Michael; Daum, Severin

2016-01-01

5-year survival rate in patients with early adenocarcinoma of the gastro-esophageal junction or stomach (AGE/S) in Caucasian patients is reported to be 60-80%. We aimed to identify prognostic markers for patients with UICC-I without lymph-node involvement (N0). Clinical data and tissue specimen from patients with AGE/S stage UICC-I-N0, treated by surgery only, were collected retrospectively. Tumor size, lymphatic vessel or vein invasion, grading, classification systems (WHO, Lauren, Ming), expression of BAX, BCL-2, CDX2, Cyclin E, E-cadherin, Ki-67, TP53, TP21, SHH, Survivin, HIF1A, TROP2 and mismatch repair deficiency were analyzed using tissue microarrays and correlated with overall and tumor related survival. 129 patients (48 female) with a mean follow-up of 129.1 months were identified. 5-year overall survival was 83.9%, 5-year tumor related survival was 95.1%. Poorly differentiated medullary cancer subtypes (p<0.001) and positive vein invasion (p<0.001) were identified as risk factors for decreased overall-and tumor related survival. Ki-67 (p = 0.012) and TP53 mutation (p = 0.044) were the only immunohistochemical markers associated with worse overall survival but did not reach significance for decreased tumor related survival. In the presented study patients with AGE/S in stage UICC-I-N0 had a better prognosis as previously reported for Caucasian patients. Poorly differentiated medullary subtype was associated with reduced survival and should be considered when studying prognosis in these patients.

Expression of the ERBB Family of Ligands and Receptors in Gastric Cancer.

PubMed

Byeon, Sun-Ju; Lee, Hye Seung; Kim, Min-A; Lee, Byung Lan; Kim, Woo Ho

2017-01-01

Gastric cancer (GC) is the second most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death in Korea. Alterations in the ERBB (homology to the erythroblastoma viral gene product, v-erbB) receptor family and ERBB-related signaling pathways are frequently observed in GC. However, the roles of the ERBB receptors and their ligands in GC are not well established. We evaluated the expression levels of various ERBB receptor ligands (i.e., heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor [HBEGF], transforming growth factor-α [TGFA], amphiregulin [AREG], epiregulin [EREG], epidermal growth factor [EGF], and betacellulin [BTC]) and 3 ERBB family receptors (i.e., epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR], human EGFR2 [HER2], and ERBB3) in 313 cases of GC using immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and mRNA in situ hybridization. A high expression of EGFR, HER2, and ERBB3 was observed in 30, 32, and 27 cases, respectively. A high expression of HBEGF, TGFA, AREG, EREG, EGF, and BTC was observed in 91, 97, 151, 74, 26, and 37 cases, respectively. A high expression of TGFA was associated with better survival, while a high expression of BTC was associated with worse survival. These results were confirmed using Cox proportional hazards analysis. HBEGF, TGFA, AREG, tumor-node-metastasis classification, Lauren's classification, and ERBB3 were significant survival parameters in multivariate analysis. Among the ERBB family receptors and ligands examined, 3 ligands (i.e., TGFA, HBEGF, and AREG) and ERBB3 had a prognostic impact. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Proceedings of the Second All-USGS Modeling Conference, February 11-14, 2008: Painting the Big Picture

USGS Publications Warehouse

Brady, Shailaja R.

2009-01-01

The Second USGS Modeling Conference was held February 11-14, 2008, in Orange Beach, Ala. Participants at the conference came from all U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) regions and represented all four science discipline - Biology, Geography, Geology, and Water. Representatives from other Department of the Interior (DOI) agencies and partners from the academic community also participated. The conference, which was focused on 'painting the big picture', emphasized the following themes: Integrated Landscape Monitoring, Global Climate Change, Ecosystem Modeling, and Hazards and Risks. The conference centered on providing a forum for modelers to meet, exchange information on current approaches, identify specific opportunities to share existing models and develop more linked and integrated models to address complex science questions, and increase collaboration across disciplines and with other organizations. Abstracts for the 31 oral presentations and more than 60 posters presented at the conference are included here. The conference also featured a field trip to review scientific modeling issues along the Gulf of Mexico. The field trip included visits to Mississippi Sandhill Crane National Wildlife Refuge, Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, the 5 Rivers Delta Resource Center, and Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge. On behalf of all the participants of the Second All-USGS Modeling Conference, the conference organizing committee expresses our sincere appreciation for the support of field trip oganizers and leaders, including the managers from the various Reserves and Refuges. The organizing committee for the conference included Jenifer Bracewell, Sally Brady, Jacoby Carter, Thomas Casadevall, Linda Gundersen, Tom Gunther, Heather Henkel, Lauren Hay, Pat Jellison, K. Bruce Jones, Kenneth Odom, and Mark Wildhaber.

Patient navigation for breast and colorectal cancer in 3 community hospital settings: an economic evaluation.

PubMed

Donaldson, Elisabeth A; Holtgrave, David R; Duffin, Renea A; Feltner, Frances; Funderburk, William; Freeman, Harold P

2012-10-01

The Ralph Lauren Cancer Center implemented patient navigation programs in sites across the United States building on the model pioneered by Harold P. Freeman, MD. Patient navigation targets medically underserved with the objective of reducing the time interval between an abnormal cancer finding, diagnostic resolution, and treatment initiation. In this study, the authors assessed the incremental cost effectiveness of adding patient navigation to standard cancer care in 3 community hospitals in the United States. A decision-analytic model was used to assess the cost effectiveness of a colorectal and breast cancer patient navigation program over the period of 1 year compared with standard care. Data sources included published estimates in the literature and primary costs, aggregate patient demographics, and outcome data from 3 patient navigation programs. After 1 year, compared with standard care alone, it was estimated that offering patient navigation with standard care would allow an additional 78 of 959 individuals with an abnormal breast cancer screening and an additional 21 of 411 individuals with abnormal colonoscopies to reach timely diagnostic resolution. Without including medical treatment costs saved, the cost-effectiveness ratio ranged from $511 to $2080 per breast cancer diagnostic resolution achieved and from $1192 to $9708 per colorectal cancer diagnostic resolution achieved. The current results indicated that implementing breast or colorectal cancer patient navigation in community hospital settings in which low-income populations are served may be a cost-effective addition to standard cancer care in the United States. Copyright © 2012 American Cancer Society.

MLH1 Promoter Methylation and Prediction/Prognosis of Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta and Bioinformatic Analysis.

PubMed

Shen, Shixuan; Chen, Xiaohui; Li, Hao; Sun, Liping; Yuan, Yuan

2018-01-01

Background: The promoter methylation of MLH1 gene and gastric cancer (GC)has been investigated previously. To get a more credible conclusion, we performed a systematic review and meta and bioinformatic analysis to clarify the role of MLH1 methylation in the prediction and prognosis of GC. Methods: Eligible studies were targeted after searching the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, BIOSIS, CNKI and Wanfang Data to collect the information of MLH1 methylation and GC. The link strength between the two was estimated by odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for quantity assessment . Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were conducted to explore sources of heterogeneity. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were employed for bioinformatics analysis on the correlation between MLH1 methylation and GC risk, clinicopathological behavior as well as prognosis. Results: 2365 GC and 1563 controls were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled OR of MLH1 methylation in GC was 4.895 (95% CI: 3.149-7.611, P<0.001), which considerably associated with increased GC risk. No significant difference was found in relation to Lauren classification, tumor invasion, lymph node/distant metastasis and tumor stage in GC. Analysis based on GEO and TCGA showed that high MLH1 methylation enhanced GC risk but might not related with GC clinicopathological features and prognosis. Conclusion: MLH1 methylation is an alive biomarker for the prediction of GC and it might not affect GC behavior. Further study could be conducted to verify the impact of MLH1 methylation on GC prognosis.

MLH1 Promoter Methylation and Prediction/Prognosis of Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta and Bioinformatic Analysis

PubMed Central

Shen, Shixuan; Chen, Xiaohui; Li, Hao; Sun, Liping; Yuan, Yuan

2018-01-01

Background: The promoter methylation of MLH1 gene and gastric cancer (GC)has been investigated previously. To get a more credible conclusion, we performed a systematic review and meta and bioinformatic analysis to clarify the role of MLH1 methylation in the prediction and prognosis of GC. Methods: Eligible studies were targeted after searching the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, BIOSIS, CNKI and Wanfang Data to collect the information of MLH1 methylation and GC. The link strength between the two was estimated by odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for quantity assessment. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were conducted to explore sources of heterogeneity. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were employed for bioinformatics analysis on the correlation between MLH1 methylation and GC risk, clinicopathological behavior as well as prognosis. Results: 2365 GC and 1563 controls were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled OR of MLH1 methylation in GC was 4.895 (95% CI: 3.149-7.611, P<0.001), which considerably associated with increased GC risk. No significant difference was found in relation to Lauren classification, tumor invasion, lymph node/distant metastasis and tumor stage in GC. Analysis based on GEO and TCGA showed that high MLH1 methylation enhanced GC risk but might not related with GC clinicopathological features and prognosis. Conclusion: MLH1 methylation is an alive biomarker for the prediction of GC and it might not affect GC behavior. Further study could be conducted to verify the impact of MLH1 methylation on GC prognosis. PMID:29896277

Interleukin-10 -1082 promoter polymorphism associated with gastric cancer among Asians.

PubMed

Zhou, Yong; Li, Ni; Zhuang, Wen; Liu, Guan-Jian; Wu, Tai-Xiang; Yao, Xun; Du, Liang; Wei, Mao-Ling; Wu, Xiao-Ting

2008-11-01

Studies investigating the association between interleukin-10 (IL-10) -1082 promoter polymorphism and gastric cancer risk report conflicting results. The objective of this study was to quantitatively summarise the evidence for such a relationship. Two investigators independently searched the Medline and Embase databases. This meta-analysis included 13 case-control studies, which included 2227 gastric cancer cases and 3538 controls. The combined results based on all studies showed that there was no significant difference in genotype distribution [AA odds ratio (OR)=0.92, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.73, 1.14; AG (OR=1.09, 95% CI=0.87, 1.36); GG (OR=1.03, 95% CI=0.85, 1.25)] between gastric cancer and noncancer patients. When stratifying for race, results were similar except that patients with gastric cancer had a significantly lower frequency of AA (OR=0.71, 95% CI=0.52, 0.97) and higher frequency AG (OR=1.53, 95% CI=1.15, 2.03) than noncancer patients among Asians. When stratifying by the location of gastric cancer, we found that patients with cardia gastric cancer had a significantly lower frequency of AA (OR=0.53, 95% CI=0.34, 0.83) and higher frequency AG (OR=1.50, 95% CI=1.06, 2.11) than those with noncardia gastric cancer among Caucasians. When stratifying by the Lauren's classification of gastric cancer, we observed no statistically significant differences in genotype distribution. This meta-analysis suggests that the IL-10 -1082 promoter polymorphism may be associated with gastric cancer among Asians, and that differences in genotype distribution may be associated with the location of gastric cancer.

Different pathological features and prognosis in gastric cancer patients coming from high-risk and low-risk areas of Italy.

PubMed

Marrelli, Daniele; Pedrazzani, Corrado; Corso, Giovanni; Neri, Alessandro; Di Martino, Marianna; Pinto, Enrico; Roviello, Franco

2009-07-01

To compare clinicopathological features and long-term outcome in gastric cancer patients coming from high-risk and low-risk areas of Italy. Better survival rates have been reported from countries with higher incidence of gastric cancer. Data regarding 829 patients coming from Tuscany (group A) and 143 patients coming from Southern Italy (group B) were analyzed. Mean follow-up time was 56 +/- 57 months; it was 85 +/- 63 months in surviving patients or not tumor-related deaths. Prognostic factors were investigated by multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazard model after verifying the assumption of proportionality of the risk associated with covariates. Lauren diffuse-mixed histotype, younger age, extended lymphadenectomy, and advanced stages were more common in group B. Gastric cancer-related 10-year survival probability was 48% in group A versus 29% in group B (log-rank test: P < 0.001). By multivariate analysis, geographic area was confirmed as a significant prognostic factor (hazard ratio for group B vs. group A: 1.52, 95% confidence interval: 1.12-2.06, P = 0.006). The influence of this factor on long-term survival was independent from other clinical, surgical, and pathologic factors, and was notable in neoplasms involving the serosa (10-year survival probability: 15% in group A vs. 3% in group B, log-rank test: P = 0.005). Patients coming from low-risk area of Italy showed distinct pathologic features, more advanced stage, and worse prognosis when compared with patients coming from high-risk area. These findings may be indicative of different tumor biology, and may contribute to partly explain worldwide geographic variability in prognosis reported in different series.

Relationship Between the DPD and TS mRNA Expression and the Response to S-1-Based Chemotherapy and Prognosis in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer.

PubMed

Shen, Xiao-Ming; Zhou, Chong; Lian, Lian; Li, Li-Qun; Li, Wei; Tao, Min

2015-04-01

The aim was to determine changes in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) and thymidylate synthase (TS) mRNAs in the blood of advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients to see whether these enzymes affected the patients' response to S-1-based chemotherapy and prognosis. For this purpose, pretreatment DPD/TS mRNA expressions were determined in 40 AGC patients using RT-PCR. The patients were then administered with S-1-based regimen (S-1 + cisplatin) and toxicities were recorded. The relationship between the DPD/TS mRNA expressions and the chemotherapy response, drug resistance, and prognosis was analyzed. The data show that DPD mRNA expression correlated significantly with Lauren type while TS mRNA expression correlated with distant metastasis. Patients with higher DPD and/or TS mRNA expression(s) showed poor response, while those with low DPD mRNA expression showed better response to the chemotherapy. Pooled analysis showed that the patients with low DPD/TS mRNA expressions had better therapeutic response. The incidence of bone marrow suppression, diarrhea, and oral mucositis was high in patients with low DPD mRNA expression. Median overall survival (OS) in 40 patients was 13.5 months. It was 17 months for low and 10 months for high DPD (P = 0.044) and TS mRNA expression (P = 0.047). Pooled analysis showed that the patients with both low DPD/TS mRNA expressions had longer OS (P = 0.001). In conclusion, the detection of DPD and/or TS mRNA expression can be used to predict the response to S-1-based chemotherapy, drug resistance, and prognosis in AGC patients as well as to help guide the individualized treatment of gastric cancer.

Increased epithelial cadherin expression among Japanese intestinal-type gastric cancers compared with specimens from American patients of European descent.

PubMed

Theuer, Charles P; Al-Kuran, Rasha; Akiyama, Yoshiyuki; Okumura, Minoru; Ziogas, Al; Carpenter, Philip M

2006-04-01

The different patterns of gastric cancer in the Far East and West have evolved to the extent that it has been suggested that the disease in Japan is biologically less aggressive than in the West. We studied paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissue blocks from Japanese patients and American patients of European descent who had undergone gastrectomy for gastric cancer not involving the gastroesophageal junction. Specimens were staged (T stage), graded (Lauren classification), and biomarker expression (epithelial cadherin [E-cadherin], c-erbB2, Ki67, and p53) was quantified using immunohistochemistry without knowledge of the country of origin. E-cadherin was expressed in 49 per cent of malignant cells from Japanese specimens compared with 27 per cent of malignant cells from American specimens (P = 0.04). The expression of E-cadherin on diffuse cancers from the two countries was similar (34.4 in Japanese vs 41.5 in American, P = 0.92). E-cadherin expression, however, was significantly higher among intestinal cancers from the two countries: 56.3 per cent of cells from intestinal or mixed cancers from Japan (n = 32) expressed E-cadherin compared with 22.2 per cent of American specimens (n = 12; P = 0.008).-c-erbB2 was expressed on a higher proportion of malignant cells from American specimens (30% vs 22%; P = 0.20). E-cadherin expression, a favorable prognostic factor, is more common in Japanese intestinal-type gastric cancer not involving the gastroesophageal junction. If the biology of gastric cancer in the Far East is less aggressive than that in the United States, it is likely that treatments need to be individualized.

Prognostic significance of membrane-associated mucins 1 and 4 in gastric adenocarcinoma.

PubMed

Hwang, Ilseon; Kang, Yu Na; Kim, Jin Young; DO, Young Rok; Song, Hong Suk; Park, Keon Uk

2012-08-01

Aberrant expression of mucins is likely associated with cancer biology as alterations in the expression and/or glycosylation patterns of various mucins have been noted. Expression of the mucin family in gastric cancers has been reported in numerous studies, but the results are conflicting. Therefore, we investigated the potential use of mucin (MUC)1 and 4 as prognostic markers in gastric cancer according to histological subtype. Three-hundred and sixty-five gastric adenocarcinoma patients who underwent surgical resection were selected for this study. Among the 365 gastric cancer samples tested here, 34% consisted of early gastric cancer and 66% were advanced. In terms of location, 68.7% of the cohort had intestinal-type cancer and 30.7% had diffuse-type. We constructed tissue microarrays with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of gastric cancer and these micro-arrays were evaluated for phenotypic expression of MUC1/4 using monoclonal antibodies. Two-hundred and ninety-two patients (92.7%) were positive for MUC1 and 216 (60.5%) were positive for MUC4. MUC1 expression was not correlated with any other clinicopathological variables such as age, gender, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, Lauren classification or recurrence. However, loss of MUC4 expression was significantly correlated with recurrence (p=0.033). MUC4 expression was also significantly correlated with better disease-free survival (p=0.049) and particularly in the intestinal-type (p=0.018). Our present findings demonstrated that loss of MUC4 expression can be used as a prognostic marker in gastric cancer. Loss of MUC4 expression is a prognostic indicator of increased recurrence and poor disease-free survival in patients with gastric cancer.

Cyanobacterial Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB): Screening, Optimization and Characterization

PubMed Central

Ansari, Sabbir; Fatma, Tasneem

2016-01-01

In modern life petroleum-based plastic has become indispensable due to its frequent use as an easily available and a low cost packaging and moulding material. However, its rapidly growing use is causing aquatic and terrestrial pollution. Under these circumstances, research and development for biodegradable plastic (bioplastics) is inevitable. Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), a type of microbial polyester that accumulates as a carbon/energy storage material in various microorganisms can be a good alternative. In this study, 23 cyanobacterial strains (15 heterocystous and 8 non-heterocystous) were screened for PHB production. The highest PHB (6.44% w/w of dry cells) was detected in Nostoc muscorum NCCU- 442 and the lowest in Spirulina platensis NCCU-S5 (0.51% w/w of dry cells), whereas no PHB was found in Cylindrospermum sp., Oscillatoria sp. and Plectonema sp. Presence of PHB granules in Nostoc muscorum NCCU- 442 was confirmed microscopically with Sudan black B and Nile red A staining. Pretreatment of biomass with methanol: acetone: water: dimethylformamide [40: 40: 18: 2 (MAD-I)] with 2 h magnetic bar stirring followed by 30 h continuous chloroform soxhlet extraction acted as optimal extraction conditions. Optimized physicochemical conditions viz. 7.5 pH, 30°C temperature, 10:14 h light:dark periods with 0.4% glucose (as additional carbon source), 1.0 gl-1 sodium chloride and phosphorus deficiency yielded 26.37% PHB on 7th day instead of 21st day. Using FTIR, 1H NMR and GC-MS, extracted polymer was identified as PHB. Thermal properties (melting temperature, decomposition temperatures etc.) of the extracted polymer were determined by TGA and DSC. Further, the polymer showed good tensile strength and young’s modulus with a low extension to break ratio comparable to petrochemical plastic. Biodegradability potential tested as weight loss percentage showed efficient degradation (24.58%) of PHB within 60 days by mixed microbial culture in comparison to petrochemical plastic

Impact of PBL and convection parameterization schemes for prediction of severe land-falling Bay of Bengal cyclones using WRF-ARW model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Singh, K. S.; Bhaskaran, Prasad K.

2017-12-01

This study evaluates the performance of the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-ARW) model for prediction of land-falling Bay of Bengal (BoB) tropical cyclones (TCs). Model integration was performed using two-way interactive double nested domains at 27 and 9 km resolutions. The present study comprises two major components. Firstly, the study explores the impact of five different planetary boundary layer (PBL) and six cumulus convection (CC) schemes on seven land-falling BoB TCs. A total of 85 numerical simulations were studied in detail, and the results signify that the model simulated better both the track and intensity by using a combination of Yonsei University (YSU) PBL and the old simplified Arakawa-Schubert CC scheme. Secondly, the study also investigated the model performance based on the best possible combinations of model physics on the real-time forecasts of four BoB cyclones (Phailin, Helen, Lehar, and Madi) that made landfall during 2013 based on another 15 numerical simulations. The predicted mean track error during 2013 was about 71 km, 114 km, 133 km, 148 km, and 130 km respectively from day-1 to day-5. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) for Minimum Central Pressure (MCP) was about 6 hPa and the same noticed for Maximum Surface Wind (MSW) was about 4.5 m s-1 noticed during the entire simulation period. In addition the study also reveals that the predicted track errors during 2013 cyclones improved respectively by 43%, 44%, and 52% from day-1 to day-3 as compared to cyclones simulated during the period 2006-2011. The improvements noticed can be attributed due to relatively better quality data that was specified for the initial mean position error (about 48 km) during 2013. Overall the study signifies that the track and intensity forecast for 2013 cyclones using the specified combinations listed in the first part of this study performed relatively better than the other NWP (Numerical Weather Prediction) models, and thereby finds

Cyanobacterial Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB): Screening, Optimization and Characterization.

PubMed

Ansari, Sabbir; Fatma, Tasneem

2016-01-01

In modern life petroleum-based plastic has become indispensable due to its frequent use as an easily available and a low cost packaging and moulding material. However, its rapidly growing use is causing aquatic and terrestrial pollution. Under these circumstances, research and development for biodegradable plastic (bioplastics) is inevitable. Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), a type of microbial polyester that accumulates as a carbon/energy storage material in various microorganisms can be a good alternative. In this study, 23 cyanobacterial strains (15 heterocystous and 8 non-heterocystous) were screened for PHB production. The highest PHB (6.44% w/w of dry cells) was detected in Nostoc muscorum NCCU- 442 and the lowest in Spirulina platensis NCCU-S5 (0.51% w/w of dry cells), whereas no PHB was found in Cylindrospermum sp., Oscillatoria sp. and Plectonema sp. Presence of PHB granules in Nostoc muscorum NCCU- 442 was confirmed microscopically with Sudan black B and Nile red A staining. Pretreatment of biomass with methanol: acetone: water: dimethylformamide [40: 40: 18: 2 (MAD-I)] with 2 h magnetic bar stirring followed by 30 h continuous chloroform soxhlet extraction acted as optimal extraction conditions. Optimized physicochemical conditions viz. 7.5 pH, 30°C temperature, 10:14 h light:dark periods with 0.4% glucose (as additional carbon source), 1.0 gl-1 sodium chloride and phosphorus deficiency yielded 26.37% PHB on 7th day instead of 21st day. Using FTIR, 1H NMR and GC-MS, extracted polymer was identified as PHB. Thermal properties (melting temperature, decomposition temperatures etc.) of the extracted polymer were determined by TGA and DSC. Further, the polymer showed good tensile strength and young's modulus with a low extension to break ratio comparable to petrochemical plastic. Biodegradability potential tested as weight loss percentage showed efficient degradation (24.58%) of PHB within 60 days by mixed microbial culture in comparison to petrochemical plastic.

Phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase expression associated with prognosis for patients with gastric cancer treated with cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy.

PubMed

Kang, Byung Woog; Jeong, Ji Yun; Chae, Yee Soo; Lee, Soo Jung; Lee, Yoo Jin; Choi, Jun Young; Lee, In-Kyu; Jeon, Seong Woo; Bae, Han Ik; Lee, Da Keun; Kwon, Oh-Kyoung; Chung, Ho Young; Yu, Wansik; Kim, Jong Gwang

2012-11-01

The present study analyzed the expression of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK), Fyn kinase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 (PDK-1) and their impact on the survival of patients with resected gastric cancer who received cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Korean patients with stage II-IV (M0) gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent a gastrectomy with D2 lymph node resection and received a combination regimen of cisplatin and S-1 were enrolled. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to determine the expression of pAMPK, Fyn kinase, and PDK-1 in operative specimens of gastric cancer. The expression was divided into two groups according to the intensity score (negative: 0 or 1+ and positive: 2+ or 3+). From January 2006 to July 2010, 73 tumor samples obtained from 74 patients were analyzed. Forty patients were included in the pAMPK-positive group, while 33 patients were included in the pAMPK-negative group. Meanwhile, positive Fyn kinase expression was observed in only 10 patients (13.7 %), and there was no or very weak PDK-1 staining. The clinicopathologic characteristics were similar between the two groups according to the expression of pAMPK. With a median follow-up duration of 26.5 months (2.6-73.2), the estimated 3-year relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival rates were 55.0 and 78.4 %, respectively. In a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, Lauren classification, and stage, the pAMPK-negative group was significantly associated with improved RFS (Hazard ratio = 0.459, 95 % CI 0.109-0.711, P = 0.043). A low expression of pAMPK was found to be correlated with better RFS in patients with resected gastric cancer treated with adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy.

Infiltration of diametrically polarized macrophages predicts overall survival of patients with gastric cancer after surgical resection.

PubMed

Zhang, Heng; Wang, Xuefei; Shen, Zhenbin; Xu, Jiejie; Qin, Jing; Sun, Yihong

2015-10-01

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), the most predominant tumor-infiltrating immune cells, are emerging prognostic factors and therapeutic targets for personalized therapy against malignant neoplasms. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of diametrically polarized TAMs in gastric cancer and generate a predictive nomogram to refine a risk stratification system. We evaluated polarized functional status of infiltrated TAMs by immunohistochemical staining of CD68, CD11c, and CD206 in 180 consecutive gastric cancer patients from Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China. Prognostic values were assessed in these patients. We created a predictive nomogram by integrating polarized TAMs with the TNM staging system for overall survival of gastric cancer patients. CD68(+) TAMs display polarized programs comprising CD11c(+) proinflammatory macrophages (M1) and CD206(+) immunosuppressive macrophages (M2) that configure versatile infiltration files in gastric cancer. CD11c(+) TAMs negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.012), whereas CD206(+) TAMs correlated with the Lauren classification (p = 0.031). No prognostic difference was observed for overall survival for CD68 density (high vs low, p = 0.1031), whereas high versus low CD11c density (p < 0.0001) and low vs high CD206 density (p = 0.0105) indicate better overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified CD11c and CD206 as independent prognostic factors (p < 0.001 and p = 0.030, respectively), which could be integrated with the TNM staging system to generate a predictive nomogram for patient outcomes. Infiltration of polarized TAMs, a novel identified independent prognostic factor, could be combined with the TNM stage to refine a risk stratification system and better stratify patients with different prognosis. Tipping TAMs to an antitumoral phenotype might be a promising therapeutic target for postoperative treatment.

Physical activity domains and risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in the MCC-Spain case-control study.

PubMed

Huerta, José M; Chirlaque, María Dolores; Molina, Antonio J; Amiano, Pilar; Martín, Vicente; Fernández-Villa, Tania; Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz; Moreno, Víctor; Burgui, Rosana; Gómez-Acebo, Inés; Ramos-Lora, Manuel; Fernández-Tardón, Guillermo; Peiró, Rosana; Olmedo-Requena, Rocío; Pollán, Marina; Kogevinas, Manolis; Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma; Aragonés, Nuria

2017-01-01

Evidence for a protective role of physical activity against development of stomach cancer is yet inconclusive. We studied the association of domain-specific physical activity and the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), by site and histology, in the MCC-Spain case-control study. 428 histologically confirmed GAC cases (67% men) including the gastro-esophageal region and 3225 controls were included. Cases were recruited in hospitals from 10 different Spanish regions, whereas population controls were randomly selected within the respective hospitals' catchment areas. A physical activity (PA) questionnaire was used to gather information on household and recreational activities, allowing estimation of PA volume (in metabolic equivalents (MET)-min/week). Participants also reported the intensity of working PA and daily sitting time. Questionnaire data on diet, lifestyles and clinical variables including Helicobacter pylori serology were available. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) of GAC were estimated for domains of physical activity, stratifying by sex, site (cardia vs. non-cardia), and Lauren classification (intestinal vs. diffuse). Household physical activity (HPA) showed a strong inverse association with GAC, observed for both cardia and non-cardia tumours. Risk of overall gastric cancer was 50% lower risk among participants in the highest HPA category (OR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.38, 0.66). Recreational physical activity (RPA) was also associated with lower overall GAC risk (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.52, 0.88), particularly at moderate levels of intensity such as walking (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.79). The protective effect of RPA was strongest for non-cardia tumours. Sedentary time was not related to GAC risk (p-trend = 0.392), but the potential protective effect of RPA was restricted to non-sedentary participants. Both household and recreational physical activities were independently related to lower GAC risk in the MCC-Spain study.

The Importance of Trust in the Adoption and Use of Intelligent Assistive Technology by Older Adults to Support Aging in Place: Scoping Review Protocol.

PubMed

McMurray, Josephine; Strudwick, Gillian; Forchuk, Cheryl; Morse, Adam; Lachance, Jessica; Baskaran, Arani; Allison, Lauren; Booth, Richard

2017-11-02

Intelligent assistive technologies that complement and extend human abilities have proliferated in recent years. Service robots, home automation equipment, and other digital assistant devices possessing artificial intelligence are forms of assistive technologies that have become popular in society. Older adults (>55 years of age) have been identified by industry, government, and researchers as a demographic who can benefit significantly from the use of intelligent assistive technology to support various activities of daily living. The purpose of this scoping review is to summarize the literature on the importance of the concept of "trust" in the adoption of intelligent assistive technologies to assist aging in place by older adults. Using a scoping review methodology, our search strategy will examine the following databases: ACM Digital Library, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science. Two reviewers will independently screen the initial titles obtained from the search, and these results will be further inspected by other members of the research team for inclusion in the review. This review will provide insights into how the concept of trust is actualized in the adoption of intelligent assistive technology by older adults. Preliminary sensitization to the literature suggests that the concept of trust is fluid, unstable, and intimately tied to the type of intelligent assistive technology being examined. Furthermore, a wide range of theoretical lenses that include elements of trust have been used to examine this concept. This review will describe the concept of trust in the adoption of intelligent assistive technology by older adults, and will provide insights for practitioners, policy makers, and technology vendors for future practice. ©Josephine McMurray, Gillian Strudwick, Cheryl Forchuk, Adam Morse, Jessica Lachance, Arani Baskaran, Lauren

Histopathologic characteristics of gastric adenocarcinoma in Mexican patients: a 10-year experience at the Hospital Juárez of Mexico.

PubMed

Martínez-Galindo, M G; Zamarripa-Dorsey, F; Carmona-Castañeda, A; Angeles-Labra, A; Peñavera-Hernández, R; Ugarte-Briones, C; Blanco-Vela, C I

2015-01-01

Gastric cancer is the second cause of death by cancer worldwide. Histologic classification may predict tumor biology, clinical behavior, and outcome. According to the Lauren classification, the disease is divided into 2 types, diffuse and intestinal, and the latter has a better prognosis. To determine the frequency of gastric adenocarcinoma and compare the histopathologic characteristics of intestinal and diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinoma in Mexican patients treated at a tertiary referral hospital. A retrospective study evaluated the pathology reports of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma corresponding to the time frame of January 2003 to December 2012. Adenocarcinomas of the gastric cardia were excluded. Frequencies were expressed as percentages and the categorical variables were compared with the chi-square test. Statistical significance was set at a P<.05. A total of 417 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma were found, 230 (55.2%) of which were diffuse-type and 118 (28.2%) were intestinal-type. The mean age of the patients with diffuse type gastric cancer was 54.02±14.93 and 119 (51.3%) of those patients were men. The mean age of the patients with intestinal-type gastric cancer was 63.43±13.78, and 69 (62.2%) were men. Ninety-two of the diffuse-type patients were under the age of 50 years, compared with 22 of the patients with intestinal-type carcinoma. This is the first study on the Mexican population to analyze the differences in the histologic types of adenocarcinoma. Diffuse-type gastric carcinoma was the most frequent subtype in our study population and it is associated with worse outcome. Copyright © 2014 Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología. Published by Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.

Significance of aquaporins’ expression in the prognosis of gastric cancer

PubMed Central

Thapa, Saroj; Chetry, Mandika; Huang, Kaiyu; Peng, Yangpei; Wang, Jinsheng; Wang, Jiaoni; Zhou, Yingying; Shen, Yigen; Xue, Yangjing; Ji, Kangting

2018-01-01

Gastric carcinoma is one of the most lethal malignancy at present with leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of small, integral membrane proteins, which have been evidenced to play a crucial role in cell migration and proliferation of different cancer cells including gastric cancers. However, the aberrant expression of specific AQPs and its correlation to detect predictive and prognostic significance in gastric cancer remains elusive. In the present study, we comprehensively explored immunohistochemistry based map of protein expression profiles in normal tissues, cancer and cell lines from publicly available Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. Moreover, to improve our understanding of general gastric biology and guide to find novel predictive prognostic gastric cancer biomarker, we also retrieved ‘The Kaplan–Meier plotter’ (KM plotter) online database with specific AQPs mRNA to overall survival (OS) in different clinicopathological features. We revealed that ubiquitous expression of AQPs protein can be effective tools to generate gastric cancer biomarker. Furthermore, high level AQP3, AQP9, and AQP11 mRNA expression were correlated with better OS in all gastric patients, whereas AQP0, AQP1, AQP4, AQP5, AQP6, AQP8, and AQP10 mRNA expression were associated with poor OS. With regard to the clinicopathological features including Laurens classification, clinical stage, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, and different treatment strategy, we could illustrate significant role of individual AQP mRNA expression in the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Thus, our results indicated that AQP’s protein and mRNA expression in gastric cancer patients provide effective role to predict prognosis and act as an essential agent to therapeutic strategy. PMID:29678898

Prognostic value of tripartite motif containing 29 expression in patients with gastric cancer following surgical resection.

PubMed

Wang, Chenghu; Zhou, Yi; Chen, Beibei; Yuan, Weiwei; Huang, Jinxi

2018-04-01

Tripartite motif containing 29 (TRIM29) dysregulation serves an important function in the progression of numerous types of cancer, but its function in the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer remains unknown. The present study assessed the prognostic value of TRIM29 in patients with gastric cancer following surgical resection. A total of 243 fresh gastric adenocarcinoma and adjacent normal tissues were continuously retrieved from patients who underwent curative surgery for gastric cancer at the Cancer Hospital of Henan Province (Zhengzhou, China) between January 2005 and December 2011. The reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to assess TRIM29 expression. The association between TRIM29 expression and clinicopathological features and prognosis was subsequently evaluated. The results of the present study revealed that the expression of TRIM29 was increased in the gastric cancer tissues compared with the normal adjacent tissues, and that upregulated expression of TRIM29 was associated with tumor cell differentiation, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage. In the training and validation data, high TRIM29 expression was associated with poor overall survival in patients with gastric cancer. Furthermore, multivariate analysis identified that TRIM29 expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival, in addition to TNM stage and Lauren classification. Combining TRIM29 expression with the TNM staging system generated a novel predictive model that exhibited improved prognostic accuracy for overall survival in patients with gastric cancer. The present study revealed that TRIM29 was an independent adverse prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer. Incorporating TRIM29 expression level into the TNM staging system may improve risk stratification and render prognosis more accurate in patients with gastric cancer.

Technology-Assisted Behavioral Intervention to Extend Sleep Duration: Development and Design of the Sleep Bunny Mobile App.

PubMed

Baron, Kelly Glazer; Duffecy, Jennifer; Reid, Kathryn; Begale, Mark; Caccamo, Lauren

2018-01-10

Despite the high prevalence of short sleep duration (29.2% of adults sleep <6 hours on weekdays), there are no existing theory-based behavioral interventions to extend sleep duration. The popularity of wearable sleep trackers provides an opportunity to engage users in interventions. The objective of this study was to outline the theoretical foundation and iterative process of designing the "Sleep Bunny," a technology-assisted sleep extension intervention including a mobile phone app, wearable sleep tracker, and brief telephone coaching. We conducted a two-step process in the development of this intervention, which was as follows: (1) user testing of the app and (2) a field trial that was completed by 2 participants with short sleep duration and a cardiovascular disease risk factor linked to short sleep duration (body mass index [BMI] >25). All participants had habitual sleep duration <6.5 hours verified by 7 days of actigraphy. A total of 6 individuals completed initial user testing in the development phase, and 2 participants completed field testing. Participants in the user testing and field testing responded to open-ended surveys about the design and utility of the app. Participants in the field testing completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and also wore an actigraph for a 1-week baseline period and during the 4-week intervention period. The feedback suggests that users enjoyed the wearable sleep tracker and found the app visually pleasing, but they suggested improvements to the notification and reminder features of the app. The 2 participants who completed the field test demonstrated significant improvements in sleep duration and daytime sleepiness. Further testing is needed to determine effects of this intervention in populations at risk for the mental and physical consequences of sleep loss. ©Kelly Glazer Baron, Jennifer Duffecy, Kathryn Reid, Mark Begale, Lauren Caccamo. Originally published in JMIR Mental Health (http://mental.jmir.org), 10.01.2018.

Gastric cancer and Helicobacter pylori infection in the eastern Libya: a descriptive epidemiological study.

PubMed

Elzouki, Abdel-Naser Y; Buhjab, Soad I; Alkialani, Akram; Habel, Salah; Sasco, Annie J

2012-06-01

The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of histologically-proven gastric cancer in Eastern Libya and explore its association with Helicobacter pylori infection. The registries of the Departments of Histopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Benghazi University and Oncology, Al-Jomhoria Hospital, Benghazi, were reviewed for cases with primary gastrointestinal cancer from January 2000 to December 2002 (sole Histopathology and Oncology Departments in Eastern Libya). Slides of hematoxylin and eosin stain of gastric cancer patients were re-stained to detect H. pylori. The American Joint Committee on Cancer Tumor, Node, Metastasis staging was used for clinical and pathologic staging. Gastric cancer biopsy materials were classified into intestinal or diffuse type according to Lauren criteria. One hundred and fourteen cases of gastric cancer were diagnosed. Tumor stages were: 2 (14%), 3 (21%), 4 (57%) and unknown (8%). Most common site of involvement was the antrum (48%). Diffuse adenocarcinoma occurred in 56 patients (49.1%), intestinal adenocarcinoma in 46 (40.4%) and malignant gastric lymphoma in 12 (10.5%). The overall frequency of H. pylori infection was 63.2% (72/114), more frequent in intestinal adenocarcinoma (71.7%) and malignant lymphoma (66.6%) than diffuse adenocarcinoma (55.3%). The frequency of gastric cancer increased throughout the three years of study. The majority of the patients were diagnosed in locally advanced or metastatic stage. Clearly more efforts need to be given to early detection. We showed a stronger association of H. pylori infection with intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma and malignant lymphoma than diffuse adenocarcinoma suggesting that H. pylori infection is the most probable causal factor of gastric cancer in this part of Libya. Copyright © 2012 Arab Journal of Gastroenterology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Ring finger protein 43 associates with gastric cancer progression and attenuates the stemness of gastric cancer stem-like cells via the Wnt-β/catenin signaling pathway.

PubMed

Gao, Yunhe; Cai, Aizhen; Xi, Hongqing; Li, Jiyang; Xu, Wei; Zhang, Yanmei; Zhang, Kecheng; Cui, Jianxin; Wu, Xiaosong; Wei, Bo; Chen, Lin

2017-04-26

Ring finger protein 43 (RNF43) is a member of the transmembrane E3 ubiquitin ligase family that was originally found in stem cells and plays important roles in tumor formation and progression. Our previous study indicated that RNF43 might be a tumor suppressor protein in gastric cancer. Given its antagonistic relationship with leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5), one of the gastric cancer stem cell markers, investigation of the potential role of RNF43 in gastric stem cancer cells is necessary. Immunohistochemistry staining, western blot analysis, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to determine the mRNA and protein expression level of RNF43 and other Wnt pathway factors. Gastric cancer stem-like cells were obtained from gastric cancer tumor and cell lines by tumorsphere culture. The adeno-associated virus system was used to upregulate RNF43 expression in cancer cells. Functional experiments including tumorsphere formation, chemotherapy resistance, surface marker detection, and tumor xenograft assay were performed to measure stem-like properties in gastric cancer stem-like cells after RNF43 overexpression. RNF43 loss was significantly associated with TNM stage, distant metastasis, and Lauren classification, and predicted worse prognosis in gastric cancer patients. RNF43 expression was even lower in tumorspheres derived from tumor tissues or cell lines compared with adherent cancer cells and normal gastric cells. Overexpression of RNF43 in gastric cancer cells impaired their stem-like properties, including sphere formation ability, chemoresistance in vitro, and tumorigenicity in vivo. Moreover, Wnt pathway-related proteins were decreased in RNF43-overexpressing cells, while Wnt pathway activators could reverse the trend to some extent. Our findings indicated that RNF43 might not only participate in gastric cancer progression, but also attenuate the stemness of gastric cancer stem-like cells through

Physical activity domains and risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in the MCC-Spain case-control study

PubMed Central

Chirlaque, María Dolores; Molina, Antonio J.; Amiano, Pilar; Martín, Vicente; Fernández-Villa, Tania; Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz; Moreno, Víctor; Burgui, Rosana; Gómez-Acebo, Inés; Ramos-Lora, Manuel; Fernández-Tardón, Guillermo; Peiró, Rosana; Olmedo-Requena, Rocío; Pollán, Marina; Kogevinas, Manolis; Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma; Aragonés, Nuria

2017-01-01

Background Evidence for a protective role of physical activity against development of stomach cancer is yet inconclusive. We studied the association of domain-specific physical activity and the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), by site and histology, in the MCC-Spain case-control study. Methods 428 histologically confirmed GAC cases (67% men) including the gastro-esophageal region and 3225 controls were included. Cases were recruited in hospitals from 10 different Spanish regions, whereas population controls were randomly selected within the respective hospitals' catchment areas. A physical activity (PA) questionnaire was used to gather information on household and recreational activities, allowing estimation of PA volume (in metabolic equivalents (MET)-min/week). Participants also reported the intensity of working PA and daily sitting time. Questionnaire data on diet, lifestyles and clinical variables including Helicobacter pylori serology were available. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) of GAC were estimated for domains of physical activity, stratifying by sex, site (cardia vs. non-cardia), and Lauren classification (intestinal vs. diffuse). Results Household physical activity (HPA) showed a strong inverse association with GAC, observed for both cardia and non-cardia tumours. Risk of overall gastric cancer was 50% lower risk among participants in the highest HPA category (OR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.38, 0.66). Recreational physical activity (RPA) was also associated with lower overall GAC risk (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.52, 0.88), particularly at moderate levels of intensity such as walking (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.79). The protective effect of RPA was strongest for non-cardia tumours. Sedentary time was not related to GAC risk (p-trend = 0.392), but the potential protective effect of RPA was restricted to non-sedentary participants. Conclusions Both household and recreational physical activities were independently related to lower GAC risk in the MCC-Spain study. PMID

The descriptive epidemiology of gastric cancer in Central America and comparison with United States Hispanic populations.

PubMed

Corral, Juan E; Delgado Hurtado, Juan J; Domínguez, Ricardo L; Valdez de Cuéllar, Marisabel; Balmore Cruz, Carlos; Morgan, Douglas R

2015-03-01

The aims of this study were to delineate the epidemiology of gastric adenocarcinoma in Central America and contrast it with Hispanic-Latino populations in the USA. Published literature and Central America Ministry of Health databases were used as primary data sources, including national, population-based, and hospital-based registries. US data was obtained from the National Cancer Institute (NCI)-Epidemiology End Results Program (SEER) registry. Incident gastric adenocarcinoma cases were analyzed for available data between 1985 and 2011, including demographic variables and pathology information. In Central America, 19,741 incident gastric adenocarcinomas were identified. Two thirds of the cases were male, 20.5 % were under age 55, and 58.5 %were from rural areas. In the SEER database (n = 7871), 57.8 % were male and 28.9 % were under age 55. Among the US Hispanics born in Central America with gastric cancer (n = 1210), 50.3 % of cases were male and 38.1 % were under age 55. Non-cardia gastric cancer was more common in Central America (83.3 %), among US Hispanics (80.2 %), and Hispanics born in Central America (86.3 %). Cancers of the antrum were more common in Central America (73.6 %), whereas cancers of the corpus were slightly more common among US Hispanics (54.0 %). Adenocarcinoma of the diffuse subtype was relatively common, both in Central America (35.7 %) and US Hispanics (69.5 %), although Lauren classification was reported in only 50 % of cases. A significant burden of gastric adenocarcinoma is observed in Central America based upon limited available data. Differences are noted between Central America and US Hispanics. Strengthening population-based registries is needed for improved cancer control in Central America, which may have implications for the growing US Hispanic population.

"Healthier than thou? 'Practicing what you preach' backfires by increasing anticipated devaluation": Correction to Howe and Monin (2017).

PubMed

2017-05-01

Reports an error in "Healthier Than Thou? "Practicing What You Preach" Backfires by Increasing Anticipated Devaluation" by Lauren C. Howe and Benoît Monin ( Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , Advanced Online Publication, Feb 27, 2017, np). In the article, the beginning phrase of the second paragraph of the Internal Meta-Analysis of Studies 3 Through 5 section is incorrect. It should instead begin as follows: Across the three studies. The Monin et al. (2014) reference in both the References list and in text is included in error. The correct citation should read as follows: Monin, B., & Oppenheimer, D. M. (2014). The limits of direct replications and the virtues of stimulus sampling: Commentary on Klein et al., 2014. Social Psychology , 45, 299-300. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2017-08697-001.) Should experts always practice what they preach? When an expert displays exemplary behavior, individuals who fear negative devaluation sometimes anticipate that this expert will look down on them. As a result, displays of excellence can paradoxically turn off the very people they are trying to inspire. Five studies document this in the medical domain, showing that individuals who are overweight or obese and concerned about their weight avoid physicians who advertise their fitness, for fear that these doctors will judge them negatively. People (erroneously) believe that doctors have healthier habits than other individuals (Study 1), doctors advertise healthy habits (Study 2), and overweight individuals anticipate devaluation from, and thus avoid and feel less comfortable with, doctors who portray themselves as fitness-focused (Study 3). Studies 4 and 5 test strategies for physicians to emphasize their own fitness without turning off weight-sensitive patients. This work demonstrates that it is critical to take into account ego-defensive processes when attempting to lead by example. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all

IKKε and TBK1 expression in gastric cancer.

PubMed

Lee, Seung Eun; Hong, Mineui; Cho, Junhun; Lee, Jeeyun; Kim, Kyoung-Mee

2017-03-07

Inhibitor of kappa B kinase epsilon (IKKε) and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) are non-canonical IKKs. IKKε and TBK1 share the kinase domain and are similar in their ability to activate the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway. IKKε and TBK1 are overexpressed through multiple mechanisms in various human cancers. However, the expression of IKKε and TBK1 in gastric cancer and their role in prognosis have not been studied.To investigate overexpression of the IKKε and TBK1 proteins in gastric cancer and their relationship with clinicopathologic factors, we performed immunohistochemical staining using a tissue microarray. Tissue microarray samples were obtained from 1,107 gastric cancer patients who underwent R0 gastrectomy with extensive lymph node dissection and adjuvant chemotherapy.We identified expression of IKKε in 150 (13.6%) and TBK1 in 38 (3.4%) gastric cancers. Furthermore, co-expression of IKKε and TBK1 was identified in 1.5% of cases. Co-expression of IKKε and TBK1 was associated with differentiated intestinal histology and earlier T stage. In a multivariate binary logistic regression model, intestinal histologic type by Lauren classification and early AJCC stage were significant predictors for expression of IKKε and TBK1 proteins in gastric cancer. Changes in IKKε and TBK1 expression may be involved in the development of intestinal-type gastric cancer. The overexpression of IKKε and TBK1 should be considered in selected patients with intestinal-type gastric cancer.In conclusion, this is the first large-scale study investigating the relationships between expression of IKKε and TBK1 and clinicopathologic features of gastric cancer. The role of IKKε and TBK1 in intestinal-type gastric cancer pathogenesis should be elucidated by further investigation.

KITENIN is associated with tumor progression in human gastric cancer.

PubMed

Ryu, Ho-Seong; Park, Young-Lan; Park, Su-Jin; Lee, Ji-Hee; Cho, Sung-Bum; Lee, Wan-Sik; Chung, Ik-Joo; Kim, Kyung-Keun; Lee, Kyung-Hwa; Kweon, Sun-Seog; Joo, Young-Eun

2010-09-01

KAI1 COOH-terminal interacting tetraspanin (KITENIN) promotes tumor cell migration, invasion and metastasis in colon, bladder, head and neck cancer. The aims of current study were to evaluate whether KITENIN affects tumor cell behavior in human gastric cancer cell line and to document the expression of KITENIN in a well-defined series of gastric tumors, including complete long-term follow-up, with special reference to patient prognosis. To evaluate the impact of KITENIN knockdown on behavior of a human gastric cancer cell line, AGS, migration, invasion and proliferation assays using small-interfering RNA were performed. The expression of activator protein-1 (AP-1) target genes and AP-1 transcriptional activity were evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and luciferase reporter assay. The expression of KITENIN and AP-1 target genes by RT-PCR and Western blotting or immunohistochemistry was also investigated in human gastric cancer tissues. The knockdown of KITENIN suppressed tumor cell migration, invasion and proliferation in AGS cells. The mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), MMP-3, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and CD44 was reduced by knockdown of KITENIN in AGS. AP-1 transcriptional activity was significantly decreased by knockdown of KITENIN in AGS cells. KITENIN expression was significantly increased in human cancer tissues at RNA and protein levels. Expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, COX-2 and CD44 were significantly increased in human gastric cancer tissues. Immunostaining of KITENIN was predominantly identified in the cytoplasm of cancer cells. Expression of KITENIN was significantly associated with tumor size, Lauren classification, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, tumor stage and poor survival. These results indicate that KITENIN plays an important role in human gastric cancer progression by AP-1 activation.

Investigating the Origin of Natural and Anthropogenic Deformation across the Nile Delta Using Radar Interferometry, GRACE, Modeling, and Field data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gebremichael, E.; Sultan, M.; Becker, R.; El Bastawesy, M.; Cherif, O.; Emil, M.; Ahmed, M.; Fathy, K.; Karki, S.; Chouinard, K.

2016-12-01

We applied an integrated approach (radar interferometry, flood simulation, GRACE, GIS) to investigate the nature and distribution of land deformation in the Nile Delta and to identify the natural and anthropogenic controlling factors. Our methodology involved: (1) applying persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI) across the entire Delta (scenes: 108 level 0 scenes; Tracks: 4 tracks; time period: 2003-2010); (2) correcting the interferometry output for various phase contributing errors (e.g., atmosphere, orbit, etc.) and calibrating/validating the output against 3 GNSS GPS stations (2 in Alexandria, 1 in Helwan); (3) conducting spatial correlation (in a GIS environment) of the radar outputs with relevant remote sensing, subsurface, and geologic datasets; (4) simulating flood depth and inundation to investigate the spatial extent and depth of the Holocene sediments using the HEC-RAS software (inputs: DEM and monthly discharge data; period: 1871-1902), (5) identifying subsurface structures by processing 712 gridded field gravity data points in Geosoft Oasis Montaj software (Bouguer anomaly analysis), and (6) analyzing monthly (2002-2015) GRACE-derived TWS solutions (0.5° x 0.5° CSR mascons). Our findings include: (1) three main structural trends (E-W, NW-SE and NE-SW trending) were mapped across the Delta, (2) areas of high subsidence coincide with the distribution of relatively thick recent sediments (<3000 years), probably due to sediment compaction, in three settings: (a) areas susceptible to flooding from the Damietta and Rosetta branches (e.g., east Damietta branch; latitude 30.8° to 31.2°; longitude 31.2° to 31.6°), (b) areas susceptible to sediment deposition at bifurcation locations of primary channels (e.g., near Cairo) and, (c) areas where mapped faults intersect Damietta and Rosetta channels, change their course, and cause ponding of surface water and sediment deposition, (3) extraction of gas from the Abu Madi gas field in north central delta

Use of Persistent Scatterer Interferometry to Assess Land Deformation in the Nile Delta and its Controlling Factors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gebremichael, E.; Sultan, M.; Becker, R.; Emil, M.; Ahmed, M.; Chouinard, K.

2015-12-01

We applied Persistent scatterer interferometry (PSInSAR) to assess land deformation (subsidence and uplift) across the entire Nile delta and its surroundings and to identify possible causes of the observed deformation. For the purpose of the present study, 100 Envisat Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR; level 0) scenes that were acquired along four tracks and covering a time span of seven years (2004 to 2010) were used. The scenes extend from the Mediterranean coast in the north to Cairo city in the south. These scenes were focused using Repeat Orbit Interferometry PACkage (ROI_PAC) software and the subsequent PSI processing was done using the Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers (StaMPS) method. A low coherence threshold (0.2) was used to decrease the impact of vegetation-related poor coherence and decorrelation of the scenes over the investigated time span. Subsidence was observed over: (1) the Demietta Nile River branch (3 to 14 mm/yr) where it intersects the Mediterranean coastline, (2) thick (~ 40 m) Holocene sediments in lake Manzala (up to 9 mm/yr), (3) reclaimed desert areas (west of Nile Delta; up to 12 mm/yr) of high groundwater extraction, (4) along parts of a previously proposed flexure line (up to 10 mm/yr), and (5) along the eastern sections of the Mediterranean coastline (up to 15.7 mm/yr). The city of Alexandria (underlain by carbonate platform) and the terminus of the Rosetta branch of the Nile River seem to experience almost no ground movement (mean subsidence of 0.28 mm/yr and 0.74 mm/yr respectively) while the cities of Ras Elbar and Port Said (underlain by thick Holocene sediment) exhibit the highest subsidence values (up to 14 mm/yr and 8.5 mm/yr respectively). The city of Cairo has also experienced subsidence in limited areas of up to 7.8 mm/yr. High spatial correlation was also observed between the subsiding areas and the Abu Madi incised valley; the largest gas field in the Nile Delta. Most of the area undergoing subsidence in the

Public Awareness of Uterine Power Morcellation Through US Food and Drug Administration Communications: Analysis of Google Trends Search Term Patterns.

PubMed

Wood, Lauren N; Jamnagerwalla, Juzar; Markowitz, Melissa A; Thum, D Joseph; McCarty, Philip; Medendorp, Andrew R; Raz, Shlomo; Kim, Ja-Hong

2018-04-26

Uterine power morcellation, where the uterus is shred into smaller pieces, is a widely used technique for removal of uterine specimens in patients undergoing minimally invasive abdominal hysterectomy or myomectomy. Complications related to power morcellation of uterine specimens led to US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) communications in 2014 ultimately recommending against the use of power morcellation for women undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy. Subsequently, practitioners drastically decreased the use of morcellation. We aimed to determine the effect of increased patient awareness on the decrease in use of the morcellator. Google Trends is a public tool that provides data on temporal patterns of search terms, and we correlated this data with the timing of the FDA communication. Weekly relative search volume (RSV) was obtained from Google Trends using the term “morcellation.” Higher RSV corresponds to increases in weekly search volume. Search volumes were divided into 3 groups: the 2 years prior to the FDA communication, a 1-year period following, and thereafter, with the distribution of the weekly RSV over the 3 periods tested using 1-way analysis of variance. Additionally, we analyzed the total number of websites containing the term “morcellation” over this time. The mean RSV prior to the FDA communication was 12.0 (SD 15.8), with the RSV being 60.3 (SD 24.7) in the 1-year after and 19.3 (SD 5.2) thereafter (P<.001). The mean number of webpages containing the term “morcellation” in 2011 was 10,800, rising to 18,800 during 2014 and 36,200 in 2017. Google search activity about morcellation of uterine specimens increased significantly after the FDA communications. This trend indicates an increased public awareness regarding morcellation and its complications. More extensive preoperative counseling and alteration of surgical technique and clinician practice may be necessary. ©Lauren N Wood, Juzar Jamnagerwalla, Melissa A Markowitz, D Joseph

To Plume or Not To Plume: SC Mesozoic Diabase Dike Orientations, Stress Fields During the Break-up of Pangea, and the Feasibility of a Causal Plume.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beutel, E. K.; Alexander, M.; Kotecha, A.; Edwards, D.

2002-12-01

New compilations of Mesozoic diabase dikes in South Carolina suggest that previously unrecognized N-S and NE-SW dike orientations exist throughout the western Charlotte belt, into the Carolina belt and possible into the Laurens Thrust Stack. Previous studies indicated that the majority of dikes in South Carolina were solely NW trending. While we found that the majority of dikes did trend NW-SE, the number and size of the NE-SW and N-S trending dikes indicate that these are not mere fingers off the main NW trending dikes and are likely true swarms. Previous studies of Mesozoic diabase dikes further north along the Atlantic coast have found evidence that suggests that NW-SE trending dikes are the oldest set, the N-S trending set followed, and the NE-SW trending dikes were injected last. Based on this relationship, and the stress field that most likely existed in the crust during the injection of each dike set, we have constructed a series of evolutionary models for the break-up of Pangea. Our models are based on the assumption that the multiple overlapping swarms negate the possibility of a plume being solely responsible for the break-up or for the dikes. These models suggest a complicated history of relative motion between Africa, North America, and South America. Finite element models were run to test the feasibility of these models. Preliminary model results suggest that the extensional stresses necessary for the major dike patterns seen in northwestern Africa, northern South America, and the southeastern United States may have occurred when the relative motion of Africa was northeast of North America. Initial model runs suggest that multiple dike orientations are best accounted for by a strongly nonlinear rift trend, a temporary aulacogen in Georgia, and/or rift propagation. The affect of events in the Gulf of Mexico is strongly dependent on the location and trend of the rifts and micro-continents modeled.

Constitutive phosphorylation of the FOXO1A transcription factor as a prognostic variable in gastric cancer.

PubMed

Kim, Ji Hun; Kim, Min Kyu; Lee, Hee Eun; Cho, Sung Jin; Cho, Yu Jin; Lee, Byung Lan; Lee, Hye Seung; Nam, Seon Young; Lee, Jae-Seon; Kim, Woo Ho

2007-08-01

Increased phosphorylation of FOXO1A, a FOXO transcription factor, has been implicated in several human cancers; however, it has not been studied in the gastric cancer to date. To determine the status of pFOXO1A expression in human gastric cancers and to determine its relationship with other tumor-associated proteins, we performed immunohistochemical staining on tissue array slides containing 272 human gastric carcinoma specimens. In non-neoplastic gastric mucosa, the expression of pFOXO1A was observed primarily in cells in the proliferative zone and in areas of intestinal metaplasia. In gastric carcinomas, the expression of pFOXO1A was observed in 230 (84.6%) out of 272 cases examined, and was positively correlated with the Ki-67-labeling index (P=0.026). The expression of pFOXO1A was higher in the early stages of pTNM (P<0.001), and was inversely correlated with the intestinal type by Lauren's classification (P=0.001), lymphatic invasion (P=0.017) and lymph node metastasis (P<0.001). Moreover, the expression of pFOXO1A was correlated with a longer patient survival (P=0.004). In addition, the expression of pFOXO1A was correlated with that of pAKT1 (P<0.001), PTEN (P=0.009), CDKN2A (P=0.012), APC (P=0.048), SMAD4 (P<0.001), CD82 (P=0.011), and BCL2 (P=0.011). In conclusion, our results showed that the expression of pFOXO1A is a frequent and early event in gastric tumorigenesis and that there is a significant correlation between pFOXO1A and better prognosis. Thus, our data suggest that the expression of pFOXO1A may serve as a valuable prognostic variable in gastric carcinoma and have significant implications for the development and application of targeted therapy.

Moisture evaluation of wood material using GPR with WARR method - COST Action TU1208

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reci, Hamza; Sbart'i, Zoubir Mehdi; Pajewski, Lara; Marciniak, Marian

2016-04-01

change in the dielectric constants exists between transversal and parallel directions. The dielectric constant shows values that coincide with the case of radial polarization of the EM field. This can be explained from the propagation path of direct waves. Since the EM field of direct waves, propagates in the upper part of the sample, the effect of polarization is almost the same in both directions as it is the case of radial polarization when the reflected method was used. During future STSMs we foresee to do further experimental work with the direct wave method (WARR) on different wood samples, in order to confirm the effect of wood anisotropy and moisture content on GPR direct wave propagation. Acknowledgement The Authors are grateful to COST - European Cooperation in Science and Technology (www.cost.eu) for funding the Action TU1208 "Civil engineering applications of Ground Penetrating Radar" (www.GPRadar.eu). Many thanks to the I2M, University of Bordeaux, for the valuable collaboration and hospitality during this STSM. References 1. Sbartai ZM, Laurens S, Balayssac JP, Ballivy G and Arliguie G (2006a) Effect of concrete moisture on radar signal amplitude. ACI Materials Journal 103 (6): 419-426. 2. Sbartai ZM, Laurens S, Balayssac JP, Arliguie G, Ballivy G (2006b) Ability of the direct wave of radar ground-coupled antenna for NDT of concrete structures. NDT & E International 39 (5): 400-407. 3. Tien Chinh Mai, Stephen Razafindratsima, Zoubir Mehdi Sbartaï, François Demontoux, Frédéric Bos (2015) Non-destructive evaluation of moisture content of wood material at GPR frequency. Construction and Building Materials 77 (2015) 213-217 4. Rodríguez-Abad I, Martínez-Sala R, CapuzLladró R, Díez Barra R and García-García F (2011) Assessment of the variation of the moisture content in the Pinuspinaster Ait. using the non destructive GPR technique. Materiales de Construcción 61(301): 143-156. 5. Martínez-Sala R, Rodríguez-Abad I, del Val I (2013) Effect of

Deception and Shopping Behavior Among Current Cigarette Smokers: A Web-Based, Randomized Virtual Shopping Experiment.

PubMed

Dutra, Lauren McCarl; Nonnemaker, James; Taylor, Nathaniel; Kim, Annice E

2018-06-29

purchases. This finding suggests that deception may not affect consumer behavior and, as a result, may not be necessary in virtual shopping experiments. ©Lauren McCarl Dutra, James Nonnemaker, Nathaniel Taylor, Annice E Kim. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 29.06.2018.

CD44v6: A metastasis-associated biomarker in patients with gastric cancer?

PubMed Central

Lu, Li; Huang, Fei; Zhao, Zhicheng; Li, Chuan; Liu, Tong; Li, Weidong; Fu, Weihua

2016-01-01

Abstract Background: The diagnostic and prognostic value of CD44v6 in patients with gastric cancer remains unclear. Therefore, a quantitative meta-analysis was conducted to determine the clinical value of CD44v6 in patients with gastric cancer. Methods: Sixteen studies with 2177 patients were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the impact of CD44v6 in patients with gastric cancer on clinicopathological features and 5-year overall survival (OS). Sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and regression analysis were introduced to evaluate the heterogeneity across the studies. Publication bias was also explored among the studies. Results: The meta-analysis showed that the upregulated CD44v6 was associated with lymph node metastasis (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.19–3.08; P = 0.007), distant metastasis (OR 3.41, 95% CI 2.01–5.78; P = 0.000), high TNM stage (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.10–4.75; P = 0.026), lymphatic vessel invasion (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.21–2.09; P = 0.001), and vascular invasion (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.19–2.07; P = 0.001). When excluded 1 study based on sensitivity analysis, pooled HR indicated that CD44v6 positive expression was correlated poor 5-year OS (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.30–2.39; P = 0.000), meanwhile, heterogeneity was eliminated. The heterogeneity of Lauren type mainly existed in the big sample size subgroup. Different region and publication year might contribute to the heterogeneity of differentiation type. While the heterogeneity of lymph node mainly existed in Asian and big sample size group. Publication bias was observed among 12 studies on lymph node metastasis (Ppublication bias = 0.041), and 5 studies on TNM stage (Ppublication bias = 0.026). Conclusion: Taken together, CD44v6 overexpression might be correlated to the characteristics of tumor metastasis in gastric cancer, consisting with many mechanism studies. Therefore, CD44v6 might present a

A Smartphone App to Reduce Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Among Young Adults in Australian Remote Indigenous Communities: Design, Formative Evaluation and User-Testing.

PubMed

Tonkin, Emma; Jeffs, Lauren; Wycherley, Thomas Philip; Maher, Carol; Smith, Ross; Hart, Jonathon; Cubillo, Beau; Brimblecombe, Julie

2017-12-12

recommendations for the development of lifestyle improvement apps targeted toward disadvantaged young adults in nonurban settings, specifically RICs. It serves as a framework for future app development projects using a consultative user-centered design approach, supporting calls for the increased use of this strategy in app development. ©Emma Tonkin, Lauren Jeffs, Thomas Philip Wycherley, Carol Maher, Ross Smith, Jonathon Hart, Beau Cubillo, Julie Brimblecombe. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 12.12.2017.

Maintaining a Local Data Integration System in Support of Weather Forecast Operations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Watson, Leela R.; Blottman, Peter F.; Sharp, David W.; Hoeth, Brian

2010-01-01

/Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS), as well as the Kennedy Space Center ICape Canaveral Air Force Station wind tower network. The scripts provide NWS MLB and SMG with several options for setting a desirable runtime configuration of the LDIS to account for adjustments in grid spacing, domain location, choice of observational data sources, and selection of background model fields, among others. The utility of an improved LDIS will be demonstrated through postanalysis warm and cool season case studies that compare high-resolution model output with and without the ADAS analyses. Operationally, these upgrades will result in more accurate depictions of the current local environment to help with short-range weather forecasting applications, while also offering an improved initialization for local versions of the Weather Research and Forecasting model.

Menstrual taboos among Havik Brahmin women: a study of ritual change.

PubMed

Ullrich, H E

1992-01-01

Field work among the Havik Brahmins in a 1 village in the Malnad area of Karnataka State, South India provides some understanding of menstrual practices in 1964, 1985, and 1987. Changes in the pollution and purity rituals which were part of their belief system lead to the replacement of religious ritual with hygiene. Women's status reflected in the change from a subordinate one with a menstrual taboos to a more urbanized one with educational opportunities and economic independence. Ethnographic background is provide on social organization, education, women's professions, ritual organization, and the reasons for change. Menstrual beliefs and practices, reproductive beliefs, menarche, and the significance of rituals are also described for 1966 and 1987. The Havik Brahmin have a patrilocal, patrilineal, and patriarchal society with joint family practices. The ideal of a nuclear family was still not predominately attained even in 1987 with 14 nuclear families out of 32 families or in 1964 with 12 out of 28. Women in 1964 supported their husbands, were not included in decision making and had little contact with the outside world. Higher education is still secondary to marriage, and frequently women spend time in college while kin seek a suitable groom. Women 40 years had primarily a 7th grade education, while only 3 40 years did not have at least a high school education. Employment now enhances a woman's marital options. Fathers still view security for their daughters in marriage. Women's religious involvement is restricted to 1 service and they are prohibited from learning sacred Vedic prayers. The village structure is based on castes, residential sites, and ritual statuses. Havik Brahmins are the highest status and their men have a ritual status of purity (maDi) or neutrality, while women during menses become polluted (muTTuceTtu). The rationale for change is the opinion that decreased ritual observance is essential to economic viability, and there are cheating rules

Linked Environments for Atmospheric Discovery (LEAD): A Cyberinfrastructure for Mesoscale Meteorology Research and Education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Droegemeier, K.

2004-12-01

A new National Science Foundation Large Information Technology Research (ITR) grant - known as Linked Environments for Atmospheric Discovery (LEAD) - has been funded to facilitate the identification, access, preparation, assimilation, prediction, management, analysis, mining, and visualization of a broad array of meteorological data and model output, independent of format and physical location. A transforming element of LEAD is dynamic workflow orchestration and data management, which will allow use of analysis tools, forecast models, and data repositories as dynamically adaptive, on-demand systems that can a) change configuration rapidly and automatically in response to weather; b) continually be steered by new data; c) respond to decision-driven inputs from users; d) initiate other processes automatically; and e) steer remote observing technologies to optimize data collection for the problem at hand. Having been in operation for slightly more than a year, LEAD has created a technology roadmap and architecture for developing its capabilities and placing them within the academic and research environment. Further, much of the LEAD infrastructure being developed for the WRF model, particularly workflow orchestration, will play a significant role in the nascent WRF Developmental Test Bed Center located at NCAR. This paper updates the status of LEAD (e.g., the topics noted above), its ties with other community activities (e.g., CONDUIT, THREDDS, MADIS, NOMADS), and the manner in which LEAD technologies will be made available for general use. Each component LEAD application is being created as a standards-based Web service that can be run in stand-alone configuration or chained together to build an end-to-end environment for on-demand, real time NWP. We describe in this paper the concepts, implementation plans, and expected impacts of LEAD, the underpinning of which will be a series of interconnected, heterogeneous virtual IT "Grid environments" designed to provide a

ADHD: Is There an App for That? A Suitability Assessment of Apps for the Parents of Children and Young People With ADHD.

PubMed

Powell, Lauren; Parker, Jack; Harpin, Valerie

2017-10-13

sample. Findings suggest that these apps may not fully meet the complex needs of this parent population. Further research is required to explore the value of apps with this population and how they can be tailored to their very specific needs. ©Lauren Powell, Jack Parker, Valerie Harpin. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 13.10.2017.

Design and Rationale for a Parent-Led Intervention to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Young Childhood Cancer Survivors (Reboot): Protocol for a Pilot Study.

PubMed

Touyz, Lauren; Cohen, Jennifer; Wakefield, Claire; Grech, Allison; Garnett, Sarah; Gohil, Paayal; Cohn, Richard

2018-05-16

is due to be completed by July 2018. Reboot aims to support healthy dietary behaviors in childhood cancer survivors who are at increased risk of developing serious cardiometabolic complications after their cancer treatment. Results will inform the development and implementation of future evidence-based dietary interventions delivered to childhood cancer survivors, particularly those living in rural and remote areas. RR1-10.2196/9252. ©Lauren Touyz, Jennifer Cohen, Claire Wakefield, Allison Grech, Sarah Garnett, Paayal Gohil, Richard Cohn. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 16.05.2018.

Characteristics of gastric cancer in peptic ulcer patients with Helicobacter pylori infection.

PubMed

Hwang, Jae Jin; Lee, Dong Ho; Lee, Ae-Ra; Yoon, Hyuk; Shin, Cheol Min; Park, Young Soo; Kim, Nayoung

2015-04-28

To evaluate the incidence and clinical characteristics of gastric cancer (GC) in peptic ulcer patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Between January 2003 and December 2013, the medical records of patients diagnosed with GC were retrospectively reviewed. Those with previous gastric ulcer (GU) and H. pylori infection were assigned to the HpGU-GC group (n = 86) and those with previous duodenal ulcer (DU) disease and H. pylori infection were assigned to the HpDU-GC group (n = 35). The incidence rates of GC in the HpGU-GC and HpDU-GC groups were analyzed. Data on demographics (age, gender, peptic ulcer complications and cancer treatment), GC clinical characteristics [location, pathological diagnosis, differentiation, T stage, Lauren's classification, atrophy of surrounding mucosa and intestinal metaplasia (IM)], outcome of eradication therapy for H. pylori infection, esophagogastroduodenoscopy number and the duration until GC onset were reviewed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors influencing GC development. The relative risk of GC was evaluated using a Cox proportional hazards model. The incidence rates of GC were 3.60% (86/2387) in the HpGU-GC group and 1.66% (35/2098) in the HpDU-GC group. The annual incidence was 0.41% in the HpGU-GC group and 0.11% in the HpDU-GC group. The rates of moderate-to-severe atrophy of the surrounding mucosa and IM were higher in the HpGU-GC group than in the HpDU-GC group (86% vs 34.3%, respectively, and 61.6% vs 14.3%, respectively, P < 0.05). In the univariate analysis, atrophy of surrounding mucosa, IM and eradication therapy for H. pylori infection were significantly associated with the development of GC (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the prognosis of GC patients between the HpGU-GC and HpDU-GC groups (P = 0.347). The relative risk of GC development in the HpGU-GC group compared to that of the HpDU-GC group, after correction for age and gender, was 1.71 (95%CI

Examining Incentives to Promote Physical Activity Maintenance Among Hospital Employees Not Achieving 10,000 Daily Steps: A Web-Based Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol.

PubMed

Mitchell, Marc; White, Lauren; Oh, Paul; Kwan, Matthew; Gove, Peter; Leahey, Tricia; Faulkner, Guy

2016-12-12

designed to examine the impact of guaranteed rewards on physical activity maintenance in lower active hospital employees. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02638675; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT0 2638675 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6g4pvZvhW). ©Marc Mitchell, Lauren White, Paul Oh, Matthew Kwan, Peter Gove, Tricia Leahey, Guy Faulkner. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 12.12.2016.

Augmenting Outpatient Alcohol Treatment as Usual With Online Alcohol Avoidance Training: Protocol for a Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

PubMed

Bratti-van der Werf, Marleen Kj; Laurens, Melissa C; Postel, Marloes G; Pieterse, Marcel E; Ben Allouch, Somaya; Wiers, Reinout W; Bohlmeijer, Ernst T; Salemink, Elske

2018-03-01

://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=5087 (Archived at WebCite http://www.webcitation.org/6wuS4i1tH). ©Marleen KJ Bratti-van der Werf, Melissa C Laurens, Marloes G Postel, Marcel E Pieterse, Somaya Ben Allouch, Reinout W Wiers, Ernst T Bohlmeijer, Elske Salemink. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 01.03.2018.

Especially for High School Teachers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Emory Howell, J.

1999-11-01

More Feature Articles This Month This issue contains a larger-than-usual number of Secondary School Chemistry feature articles (see side-bar). Mary Harris, who teaches in St. Louis, Missouri, and her student, Lauren Picard, contributed an account of student research on the cuprammonium rayon process (p 1512). In addition to being informative and interesting, the article provides a model for student-teacher interaction in carrying out an independent research project. Two North Carolina teachers, Charles Roser and Catherine McCluskey, describe how to use a Calculator Based Laboratory (interface) to measure the kinetics of the reaction that occurs when a lightstick is activated (p 1514). The method and the easy-to-construct device they made could be used with other systems, as well. Don't Throw Away the Carrier Sheet All areas of JCE Online are now accessible to all JCE subscribers. To find out how you can benefit, read the article appearing on p 1599, Now That I Have It, What Can I Do with It? Jon Holmes, Editor of JCE Online, explains in the article how you can use this resource most effectively. Access to several areas, such as full text access to articles, requires that you log in. The mailing label on the carrier sheet that accompanies your Journal each month contains a password that you need to log in. That is why you need to keep the carrier sheet, at least until you have logged in for the first time and either memorized the number or written it in a safe place. Detailed instructions for logging on are found by clicking on the "How to Log On" link, which appears near the upper left corner of the JCE Online Home Page, jchemed.chem.wisc.edu. If you read a school library copy you need to ask your librarian what password you need to log in. Congratulations Among the recipients of the most prestigious American Society Awards (p 1481) are two individuals who have given generously of their time and energy to the cause of chemical education. Both are familiar names to

Patterns of Fitbit Use and Activity Levels Throughout a Physical Activity Intervention: Exploratory Analysis from a Randomized Controlled Trial.

PubMed

Hartman, Sheri J; Nelson, Sandahl H; Weiner, Lauren S

2018-02-05

-based trackers may enable us to more effectively use these types of trackers to promote behavior change. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02332876; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02332876?term=NCT02332876 &rank=1 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6wplEeg8i). ©Sheri J Hartman, Sandahl H Nelson, Lauren S Weiner. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 05.02.2018.

Costs and Efficiency of Online and Offline Recruitment Methods: A Web-Based Cohort Study.

PubMed

Christensen, Tina; Riis, Anders H; Hatch, Elizabeth E; Wise, Lauren A; Nielsen, Marie G; Rothman, Kenneth J; Toft Sørensen, Henrik; Mikkelsen, Ellen M

2017-03-01

enrolled). The average cost per recruited participant was also lower for online than for offline methods, although costs varied greatly among both online and offline recruitment methods. We observed a decrease in the efficiency of some online recruitment methods over time, suggesting that it may be optimal to adopt multiple online methods. ©Tina Christensen, Anders H Riis, Elizabeth E Hatch, Lauren A Wise, Marie G Nielsen, Kenneth J Rothman, Henrik Toft Sørensen, Ellen M Mikkelsen. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 01.03.2017.

HIV Clustering in Mississippi: Spatial Epidemiological Study to Inform Implementation Science in the Deep South.

PubMed

Stopka, Thomas J; Brinkley-Rubinstein, Lauren; Johnson, Kendra; Chan, Philip A; Hutcheson, Marga; Crosby, Richard; Burke, Deirdre; Mena, Leandro; Nunn, Amy

2018-04-03

American race and urban location were positively associated with clusters, whereas having less than a high school education and having a higher percentage of the population living below the poverty level were negatively associated with clusters. Spatial epidemiological analyses can inform implementation science and public health response strategies, including improved HIV testing, targeted prevention and risk reduction education, and tailored preexposure prophylaxis to address HIV disparities in the South. ©Thomas J Stopka, Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein, Kendra Johnson, Philip A Chan, Marga Hutcheson, Richard Crosby, Deirdre Burke, Leandro Mena, Amy Nunn. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (http://publichealth.jmir.org), 03.04.2018.

Internet and Social Media Access Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness: Mixed-Methods Study.

PubMed

VonHoltz, Lauren A Houdek; Frasso, Rosemary; Golinkoff, Jesse M; Lozano, Alicia J; Hanlon, Alexandra; Dowshen, Nadia

2018-05-22

homelessness. While experiencing homelessness, participants indicated their behaviors were more goal-oriented and less focused on leisure or entertainment activities. While homeless youth experience changes in the frequency, amount of time, and specific uses of the internet and social media, study participants were able to access the internet regularly. The internet was used to search health-related topics. Given the importance of smartphones in accessing the internet, mobile-optimized websites may be an effective method for reaching this group. ©Lauren A Houdek VonHoltz, Rosemary Frasso, Jesse M Golinkoff, Alicia J Lozano, Alexandra Hanlon, Nadia Dowshen. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 22.05.2018.

Women's Perceptions of Participation in an Extended Contact Text Message-Based Weight Loss Intervention: An Explorative Study.

PubMed

Job, Jennifer R; Spark, Lauren C; Fjeldsoe, Brianna S; Eakin, Elizabeth G; Reeves, Marina M

2017-02-27

messages (during the extended contact intervention). Text message support was perceived as acceptable for the majority of women as a way of extending intervention contact for weight loss and behavioral maintenance. Text messages supported the maintenance of healthy behaviors established in the intervention phase and kept the women accountable to their goals. A combination of telephone calls and text message support was suggested as a more acceptable option for some of the women for an extended contact intervention. ©Jennifer R Job, Lauren C Spark, Brianna S Fjeldsoe, Elizabeth G Eakin, Marina M Reeves. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 27.02.2017.

[Comparison of the application between circular stapler and linear stapler in Billroth II( anastomosis of distal gastrectomy].

PubMed

Zhang, Nan; Su, Xiangqian; Xu, Kai

2018-02-25

To compare the safety and effectiveness of circular stapler and linear stapler in Billroth II( anastomosis following distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer patients. Clinical data of gastric adenocarcinoma patients who received distal gastrectomy with Billroth II( anastomosis at Ward IIII( of Gastrointestinal Cancer Center of Peking University Cancer Hospital from January 2013 to April 2017 were collected retrospectively. (1) patients identified as stage IIII( gastric cancer by preoperative clinical and postoperative pathological staging. (2) patients undergoing emergency operation due to perforation, obstruction, or bleeding of digestive tract. (3) patients receiving chemotherapy before operation. (4) patients undergoing combined organ resection due to tumor involving other organs. (5) patients complicating with other malignancies. A total of 116 cases were enrolled and divided into circular stapler (CS, 61 cases) group and linear stapler (LS, 55 cases) group according to the application of mechanical stapler. Clinicopathological characteristics, operative conditions and postoperative recovery were compared between two groups. Differences in baseline data, such as tumor size, Lauren classification, differentiation grade, and pathologic stage, between two groups were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). The mean operative time (230 min vs. 234 min), median intra-operative blood loss (50.0 ml vs. 50.0 ml), median number of harvested lymph node (28.0 vs. 26.0) and median number of positive lymph node (1.0 vs. 2.0) between LS group and CS group were not significantly different (all P>0.05) As compared to CS group, LS group presented shorter median time to the first flatus (3.0 days vs. 4.0 days, P=0.038), shorter median time to the first liquid diet (7.0 days vs. 8.0 days, P=0.000), shorter median time to remove the first abdominal drainage tube (7.0 days vs. 9.0 days, P=0.000) and shorter median time of postoperative hospital stay (8.0 days vs. 10.0 days, P=0

Optimizing Gestational Weight Gain With the Eating4Two Smartphone App: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

PubMed

Davis, Deborah; Davey, Rachel; Williams, Lauren T; Foureur, Maralyn; Nohr, Ellen; Knight-Agarwal, Catherine; Lawlis, Tanya; Oats, Jeremy; Skouteris, Helen; Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew

2018-05-30

than expected. Additional funds are required to employ research assistants and promote the study in an advertising campaign. Feasibility testing highlighted the inadequacy of the original recruitment strategy and the need to provide the app in both major platforms (Android and iOS). Smartphone technologies may offer an effective alternative to resource intensive strategies for assisting women to optimize weight gain in pregnancy. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12617000169347; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=371470 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org /6zDvgw5bo). RR1-10.2196/9920. ©Deborah Davis, Rachel Davey, Lauren T. Williams, Maralyn Foureur, Ellen Nohr, Catherine Knight-Agarwal, Tanya Lawlis, Jeremy Oats, Helen Skouteris, Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 30.05.2018.

Influence of Information and Communication Technologies on the Resilience and Coping of Sexual and Gender Minority Youth in the United States and Canada (Project #Queery): Mixed Methods Survey.

PubMed

Craig, Shelley L; McInroy, Lauren B; D'Souza, Sandra A; Austin, Ashley; McCready, Lance T; Eaton, Andrew D; Shade, Leslie R; Wagaman, M Alex

2017-09-28

data, (2) grounded theory analysis of qualitative data, and (3) an integrative, mixed methods analysis using a data transformation design. Theoretical and methodological triangulation of analyses integrates an interwoven pattern of results into a comprehensive picture of a phenomenon. Results will be reported in 2017 and 2018. This research study will provide critical insights into the emerging use of ICTs by sexual and gender minority youth and identify intervention strategies to improve their well-being and reduce risks encountered by this vulnerable population. Implications for practice, research, and knowledge translation are provided. ©Shelley L Craig, Lauren B McInroy, Sandra A D'Souza, Ashley Austin, Lance T McCready, Andrew D Eaton, Leslie R Shade, M Alex Wagaman. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 28.09.2017.

Gastric Cancer Incidence Estimation in a Resource-Limited Nation: Use of Endoscopy Registry Methodology

PubMed Central

Dominguez, Ricardo L.; Crockett, Seth D.; Lund, Jennifer L.; Suazo, Lia P.; Heidt-Davis, Paris; Martin, Christopher; Morgan, Douglas R.

2013-01-01

performed for each new diagnosis of gastric cancer. The ASIRs for the decade were 30.8 for males and 13.9 for females. Clinically, 60.3% of gastric cancers were Borrmann type 3 (ulcerated mass), and evidence of advanced disease with pyloric obstruction was common (35.2%). Subtypes by the Lauren classification were distributed among diffuse (56%), intestinal (34%) and indeterminate (9.9%), in subjects with available pathology (526/670). Conclusions The endoscopy procedure registry may serve as a complimentary data resource for gastric cancer incidence estimation in resource-limited nation settings wherein pathology services and cancer registries are absent. The results remain an underestimation in this setting due to the challenges of access-to-care and related factors. The methodology helps to more fully characterize the high incidence of gastric cancer in western Honduras and this region of Central America, and demonstrate the need for additional epidemiology research and interventions focused on prevention and treatment. PMID:23263776

IntelliCare: An Eclectic, Skills-Based App Suite for the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety.

PubMed

Mohr, David C; Tomasino, Kathryn Noth; Lattie, Emily G; Palac, Hannah L; Kwasny, Mary J; Weingardt, Kenneth; Karr, Chris J; Kaiser, Susan M; Rossom, Rebecca C; Bardsley, Leland R; Caccamo, Lauren; Stiles-Shields, Colleen; Schueller, Stephen M

2017-01-05

briefly to reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. The IntelliCare system is elemental, allowing individual apps to be used or not used based on their effectiveness and utility, and it is eclectic, viewing treatment strategies as elements that can be applied as needed rather than adhering to a singular, overarching, theoretical model. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02176226; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02176226 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation/6mQZuBGk1). ©David C Mohr, Kathryn Noth Tomasino, Emily G. Lattie, Hannah L Palac, Mary J Kwasny, Kenneth Weingardt, Chris J Karr, Susan M Kaiser, Rebecca C Rossom, Leland R Bardsley, Lauren Caccamo, Colleen Stiles-Shields, Stephen M Schueller. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 05.01.2017.

Findings of the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Sitting and Exacerbations Trial (COPD-SEAT) in Reducing Sedentary Time Using Wearable and Mobile Technologies With Educational Support: Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial.

PubMed

Orme, Mark W; Weedon, Amie E; Saukko, Paula M; Esliger, Dale W; Morgan, Mike D; Steiner, Michael C; Downey, John W; Sherar, Lauren B; Singh, Sally J

2018-04-11

vibration prompts from the waist-worn inclinometer (32.62%). Within 5 min of the prompt, 41% of responses occurred, with patients standing for a mean 1.4 (SD 0.8) min and walking for 0.4 (SD 0.3) min (21, SD 11, steps). Interviews indicated that being unwell and overwhelmed after an exacerbation was the main reason for not engaging with the intervention. Health care staff considered reducing sedentary behavior potentially attractive for patients but suggested starting the intervention as an inpatient. Although the data support that it was feasible to conduct the trial, modifications are needed to improve participant retention. The intervention was acceptable to most patients and health care professionals. International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 13790881; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN13790881 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6xmnRGjFf). ©Mark W Orme, Amie E Weedon, Paula M Saukko, Dale W Esliger, Mike D Morgan, Michael C Steiner, John W Downey, Lauren B Sherar, Sally J Singh. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 11.04.2018.

Simulation of morphodinamic processes in small coastal systems: application to the Aljezur coastal stream (Portugal)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guerreiro, Martha; Fortunato, André B.; Oliveira, Anabela; Bertin, Xavier; Bruneau, Nicolas; Rodrigues, Marta

2010-05-01

In small and shallow coastal streams, morphological changes may have a dramatic effect on tidal propagation and distortion, on hydrodynamics and, ultimately, on the transport and fate of water-borne material. Hence, the ability to simulate the morphodynamic evolution of these dynamic and complex systems can be required for water quality studies. This work aimed at implementing, validating and exploring the morphodynamic modelling system MORSYS2D (Fortunato and Oliveira, 2004, Bertin et al., 2009) in the Aljezur stream, a small and dynamic coastal system located in south-west Portugal. Four extensive field campaigns were carried out in 2008 and 2009 to measure bathymetry, water levels, waves and currents, in both the estuary and the adjoining beach. Between the two 2009 campaigns, bathymetry was measured on a monthly basis. Data revealed significant morphological changes, including channel migration and the formation of sandbars. The morphodynamic modelling system MORSYS2D consists of a wave model (SWAN - Booij et al., 1999), a circulation model (ELCIRC - Zhang et al., 2004) and a sediment transport and bottom update model (SAND2D, Fortunato and Oliveira, 2004), and is controlled by a script that runs the models, manages the transfer of information between them and performs control checks. The model was shown to reproduce successfully the waves, the water levels and the velocities. Preliminary morphodynamic simulations revealed that the model is highly sensitive to small changes in the initial conditions, the parameterization of friction and the sediment transport formulation. This presentation will describe the calibration and validation of the morphodynamic modelling system and will investigate on the circumstances that can lead to the inlet closure (including wave action and river flow). Acknowledgements This work was sponsored by the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT), project MADyCOS (PTDC/ECM/66484/2006). The authors thank the developers of the

Hydrogeologic Framework of the New Jersey Coastal Plain

USGS Publications Warehouse

Zapecza, Otto S.

1989-01-01

unit ranging in thickness from approximately 20 to 80 feet. The Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer is identified in the subsurface throughout the New Jersey Coastal Plain southeast of its outcrop area. Sediments that overlie the Wenonah-Mount Lauren aquifer and that are subjacent to the major aquifers within the Kirkwood Formation and the Cohansey Sand are described hydrologically as a composite confining bed. These include the Navesink Formation, Red Bank Sand, Tinton Sand, Hornerstown Sand, Vincentown Formation, Manasquan Formation, Shark River Formation, and Piney Point Formation and the basal clay of the Kirkwood Formation.. The Vincentown Formation functions as n aquifer within 3 to 10 miles downdip of its outcrop area. In areas farther downdip the Vincentown Formation functions as a confining bed. The Piney Point aquifer is laterally persistent from the southern New Jersey Coastal Plain northward into parts of Burlington and Ocean Counties. The Atlantic City 800-foot sand of the Kirkwood Formation can be recognized in the subsurface along coastal areas of Cape May, Atlantic, and southern Ocean Counties, but inland only as far west as the extent of the overlying confining bed. In areas west of the extent of the overlying confining bed, the Kirkwood Formation is in hydraulic connection with the overlying Cohansey Sand and younger surficial deposits and functions as an unconfined aquifer.

Mobile Application to Promote Adherence to Oral Chemotherapy and Symptom Management: A Protocol for Design and Development.

PubMed

Fishbein, Joel Nathan; Nisotel, Lauren Ellen; MacDonald, James John; Amoyal Pensak, Nicole; Jacobs, Jamie Michele; Flanagan, Clare; Jethwani, Kamal; Greer, Joseph Andrew

2017-04-20

symptoms and side effects. At every stage in this trial, we are engaging stakeholders to solicit feedback on our progress and next steps. To our knowledge, we are the first to describe the development of an app designed for people taking oral chemotherapy. The app addresses many concerns with oral chemotherapy, such as medication adherence and symptom management. Soliciting feedback from stakeholders with broad perspectives and expertise ensured that the app was acceptable and potentially beneficial for patients, caregivers, and clinicians. In our development process, we instantiated 7 of the 8 best practices proposed in a recent review of mobile health app development. Our process demonstrated the importance of effective communication between research groups and technical teams, as well as meticulous planning of technical specifications before development begins. Future efforts should consider incorporating other proven strategies in software, such as gamification, to bolster the impact of mobile health apps. Forthcoming results from our randomized controlled trial will provide key data on the effectiveness of this app in improving medication adherence and symptom management. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02157519; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02157519 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6prj3xfKA). ©Joel Nathan Fishbein, Lauren Ellen Nisotel, James John MacDonald, Nicole Amoyal Pensak, Jamie Michele Jacobs, Clare Flanagan, Kamal Jethwani, Joseph Andrew Greer. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 20.04.2017.

Behavior and Calibration of the Sr/Ca Temperature Proxy in Vesicomyid Clams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hart, S. R.

2009-12-01

calibration: T°C = 18160*(Sr/Ca) - 12.2). The C. kilmeri spent most of its early life at 9-12°C, only dropping to ambient a year or so before collection in 1996. In contrast, the nearby C. pacifica spent most of its early life near ambient, with a rapidly increasing temperature over its last few years, reaching almost 20°C just before collection in 1994. We also have determined detailed Sr/Ca records for 7 specimens of C. magnifica from a hydrothermal venting region at ~ 10°N on the East Pacific Rise. These clams were collected in 1990, 1991, 1992, 1996, 1997, and 1999, and thus provide a time series with at least one known time for each clam. This was a period of active eruption and venting at this site, and the thermal episodes can be matched fairly well across the various clams. Sporadic low temperatures for these clams are in the 3-4°C range, but large periods of their lives are spent in the 10°-20°C range, with short spikes to ~ 40°C being common. We thank Colleen Cavanaugh, Lauren Mullineaux, Dan Fornari, Tim Shank, Rich Lutz, Jim Barry and Chuck Fisher for sharing their magnificent Vesicomyids.

An Intervention Using Gamification to Increase Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Sexually Transmitted Infection Screening Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men in California: Rationale and Design of Stick To It.

PubMed

Mejia, Christopher M; Acland, Daniel; Buzdugan, Raluca; Grimball, Reva; Natoli, Lauren; McGrath, Mark R; Klausner, Jeffrey D; McCoy, Sandra I

2017-07-17

group consisting of individuals meeting the inclusion criteria who attended study clinics in the 12 months prior to intervention implementation. Eligible participants in the pilot study (1) are 18 to 26 years old, (2) were born or identify as male, 3) report male sexual partners, and 4) have a zip code of residence within defined areas in the vicinity of 1 of the 2 implementation sites. The primary outcome is repeat HIV/STI screening within 6 months. This is an ongoing research study with initial results expected in the fourth quarter of 2017. We will develop and pilot test a gamification intervention to encourage YMSM to be regularly screened for HIV/STIs. The results from this research will provide preliminary evidence about the potential effectiveness of using gamification to amplify health-related behavioral change interventions. Further, the research aims to determine the processes that are essential to developing and implementing future health-related gamification interventions. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02946164; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02946164 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6ri3G4HwD). ©Christopher M Mejia, Daniel Acland, Raluca Buzdugan, Reva Grimball, Lauren Natoli, Mark R McGrath, Jeffrey D Klausner, Sandra I McCoy. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 17.07.2017.

Essays on Commodity Prices and Macroeconomic Performance of Developing and Resources Rich Economies: Evidence from Kazakhstan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bilgin, Ferhat I.

by the previous quarter's mark-up. Essay 3 empirically examines the determinants of the trade balance for a small oil exporting country within the context of Kazakhstan. The dominant theory by Harberger-Lauren-Metzler (HML) predicts that positive terms of trade shocks will improve the trade balance in the short run, but will fade away in the long run. I estimate cointegrated vector autoregression (CVAR) and vector error correction model (VECM) to study the long-run and short-run impacts on the trade balance. The results suggest that, in the long run, an increase in the terms of trade has a positive effect on the trade balance, an increase in GDP and appreciation of the real effective exchange rate have negative effect on the trade balance. In the short run, the terms of trade has a direct positive impact on the trade balance, real income and real exchange rate. On the other hand, appreciation of the currency has a negative impact on the trade balance. The error correction term, which represents the deviation from the long- run equilibrium between the trade balance, real income, terms of trade and real exchange rate, has a negative effect on the growth rate of the trade balance. These results provide further evidence to the idea that, in the long run, the HML effect not only depends on the duration of the shock, but also depends on the structure of the economy.

EXPRESSION OF E-CADHERIN AND WNT PATHWAY PROTEINS BETACATENIN, APC, TCF-4 AND SURVIVIN IN GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA: CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL IMPLICATION.

PubMed

Lins, Rodrigo Rego; Oshima, Celina Tizuko Fujiyama; Oliveira, Levindo Alves de; Silva, Marcelo Souza; Mader, Ana Maria Amaral Antonio; Waisberg, Jaques

2016-01-01

clínicos e anatomopatológicos dos prontuários de 71 doentes com adenocarcinoma gástrico submetidos à gastrectomia. O material obtido na operação foi submetido à análise imunoistoquímica e a frequência da expressão de cada proteína pôde ser analisada de acordo com a sua localização na célula e relacionada com as variáveis clinicopatológicas. A graduação percentualda expressão e da localização das proteínas foi a seguinte: E-caderina em 3% na membrana; betacatenina em 23,4% no citoplasma e 3,1% no núcleo; APC em 94,6% no citoplasma; TCF-4 em19,4% no núcleo; e survivina em 93,9% no núcleo. Houve relação entre expressão da proteína E-caderina com a idade mais avançada (p=0,007); betacatenina com tumores <5 cm de diâmetro (p=0,041);APC com tumores proximais (p=0,047); e TCF-4 com tipo difuso da classificação de Lauren (p=0,017) e com o grau de penetração tumoral (p=0,002). A via Wnt/betacatenina não está envolvida na carcinogênese gástrica. Porém, a frequência elevada de survivina permite sugerir que outras vias sinalizadoras devam estar envolvidas na transformação do tecido gástrico.

EDITORIAL: Greetings from the new Editor-in-Chief Greetings from the new Editor-in-Chief

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nielsch, Kornelius

2012-01-01

On 1 January 2012 I will be assuming the position of Editor-in-Chief of the journal Semiconductor Science and Technology (SST). I am flattered by the confidence expressed in my ability to carry out this challenging job and I will try hard to justify this confidence. The previous Editor-in-Chief, Laurens Molenkamp, University of Würzburg, Germany, has worked tirelessly for the last ten years and has done an excellent job for the journal. Everyone at the journal is profoundly grateful for his leadership and for his achievements In 2012 several new members will join the Editorial Board: Professor Deli Wang (University of California, San Diego) with considerable expertise in semiconductor nanowires, Professor Saskia Fischer (Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany) with a background in semiconductor quantum devices, and Professor Erwin Kessels (Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands) with extensive experience in plasma processing of thin films and gate oxides. In particular, I want to express my gratitude to Professor Israel Bar-Joseph (Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel) and Professor Maria Tamargo (The City College of New York, USA), who will leave next year and who have vigorously served the Editorial Board for years. The journal has recently introduced a fast-track option for manuscripts. This option is a high-quality, high-profile outlet for new and important research across all areas of semiconductor research. Authors can expect to receive referee reports in less than 20 days from submission. Once accepted, you can expect the articles to be online within two or three weeks from acceptance and to be published in print in less than a month. Furthermore, all fast-track communications published in 2011 will be free to read for ten years. More detailed information on fast-track publication can be found on the following webpage: http://iopscience.iop.org/0268-1242/page/Fast track communications It is encouraging to see that since the journal introduced pre

NICER Eyes on Bursting Stars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kohler, Susanna

2018-03-01

, we dont yet understand the impact that these X-ray flashes have on the accretion disk and the environment surrounding the neutron star. In a new study led by Laurens Keek (University of Maryland), a team of scientists now details what NICER has learned on this subject.Extra X-RaysLight curve (top) and hardness ratio (bottom) for the X-ray burst from Aql X-1 captured by NICER on 3 July 2017. [Keek et al. 2018]In addition to thermal emission from the neutron star, NICER revealed an excess of soft X-ray photons below 1 keV during Aql X-1s burst. The authors propose two possible models for this emission:The burst radiation from the neutron stars surface was reprocessed i.e., either scattered or absorbed and re-emitted by the accretion disk.The persistent, usual accretion flow was enhanced as a result of the bursts radiation drag on the disk, briefly bumping up the disks X-ray flux.While we cant yet conclusively statewhich mechanismdominates, NICERs observations do show that bursts have a substantial impact on their accretion environment. And, as there are over 100 such X-ray burster systems in our galaxy, we can expect that NICER will allow us to better explore the effect of X-ray bursts on neutron-star disks and their surroundings inmany different systems in the future.BonusCheck out the awesome gif below, provided by NASA, which shows NICER being extracted fromthe Dragon capsules trunk by a robotic arm.CitationL. Keek et al 2018 ApJL 855 L4. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aab104

Obituary: Edwin E. Salpeter (1924-2008)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trimble, Virginia; Terzian, Yervant

2009-12-01

Edwin E. Salpeter, who died 26 November 2008 at his home in Ithaca, NY, belonged to the "second wave" of Jewish scientific refugees from Nazi-dominated Europe, those who left as children just before the onset of WWII and so completed their educations elsewhere. Salpeter was born in Vienna on 3 December 1924, and arrived with his family in Australia in 1939, his father was a physicist and a close friend of Erwin Schrodinger. In Australia, he finished high school, and he entered the University of Sydney at the early age of 16. He received his BS and MSc degrees in physics and mathematics from the University of Sydney, before moving on to a PhD from the University of Birmingham in 1948, for work with Rudolf Peierls on the electrodynamic self-energy of the electron, the first of more than 380 inventoried publications. He had chosen Birmingham over Cambridge or Oxford because of Peierls, and then chose Cornell over Princeton because of Hans Bethe's presence there. His autobiography describes those as two of his very best decisions ever. Marrying psychobiology student Miriam (Mika) Mark less than a year after arriving at Cornell was surely the third, and they remained in Ithaca the rest of their lives, eventually collaborating on some projects in neurobiology before her death in 2000. Their household was a secular one, but (Ed told a colleague) their two daughters received a basic Jewish education "just in case." Daughter Shelley Salpeter and her son Nicholas Buckley were also collaborators with Salpeter on 21st century projects in meta-analysis, epidemiology, and other statistics-heavy problems in biomedicine. Ed Salpeter is survived by his second wife, Antonia (Lhamo) Shouse. Astronomers may be interested to learn that the Cornell press release announcing his death was prepared by Lauren Gold, daughter of Thomas Gold (and Carrie Gold) the co-author of the steady state theory. Apparently, Ed's father Jakob Salpeter late in life considered the anisotropy reported in the

Obituary: Thomas Gold, 1920-2004

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dermott, Stanley F.

2004-12-01

Astronomer Royal in 1956, but soon left England for greater opportunities in the United States. He spent two years (1957-58) at Harvard, first as a professor and then as the Robert Wheeler Willson Professor of Applied Astronomy before accepting positions as chairman of astronomy and Director of the Center for Radiophysics and Space Research at Cornell University in 1959. He took great pride in the astronomy department that blossomed into greatness under his leadership. The department, which only had one other faculty member when he was appointed, reflected Tommy's strengths, ranging from radio astronomy and the Arecibo dish, to infrared, theoretical and planetary astronomy. His many distinguished hires included Carl Sagan. At Cornell, he was Assistant Vice President for Research from 1969-71 and the John L.Wetherill Professor from 1971 until his retirement in 1987. His many honors included Fellow of the Royal Society (London); Member of the National Academy of Sciences (US); Gold Medal and George Darwin Lecture, Royal Astronomical Society, London; and Honorary Doctor of Science, Cambridge University. He also served on the US President's Science Advisory Committee, although he came to be a strong critic of NASA and the Shuttle program. Tommy was a handsome, charming and generous man and a loyal colleague who formed many long-lasting friendships. A witty and articulate speaker, he was regarded by some as a scientific maverick who delighted in controversy. In reality, he was an iconoclast whose strength was in penetrating analysis of the assumptions on which some of our most important theories are based. He is survived by his second wife, Carvel (nee Beyer) Gold of Ithaca whom he married in 1972, and by the couple's daughter, Lauren Gold of West Palm Beach, Florida, as well as by three daughters from his first marriage to Merle Eleanor Tuberg in 1947: Lindy Bryant of Philadelphia, Lucy Gold of Ithaca and Tanya Vanesse of Carmel, N.Y., and by six grandchildren. He was

AAS 228: Day 1 afternoon

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kohler, Susanna

2016-06-01

is less likely to see, and vice versa. Angela Berti detected the signal of galactic conformity all the way to redshift z=1, an effect that makes galaxies more likely to be found around neighbors that are very similar (in terms of color or shape) than different kinds. Georgiana Ogrean closed the session by showing a merger between two galaxies that is not producing a strong shock front. 112: Astronomy Education for All: The 2017 Eclipse, Accessibility and NASA (by Meredith Rawls)This afternoon session kicked off with an advertisement for US-based astronomers favorite upcoming event: the 2017 Solar Eclipse. Jay Pasachoff reviewed plans for the August 21, 2017 event and pointed us to resources about choosing the best viewing site and what to expect on the momentous day. We also heard from Denise Smith, Jim Manning, and Daniel McIntosh about various NASA-funded efforts for education and outreach in the classroom and beyond. A sampling of NASA education and outreach resources compiled over several years, presented by Jim Manning #aas228 pic.twitter.com/T41gdHFoDv Meredith Rawls (@merrdiff) June 13, 2016The other two talks from this session focused on the newly-formed AAS Working Group for Accessibility and Disability and what the astronomical community can do to cultivate a more accessible culture. Speakers Jackie Monkiewicz and Lauren Gilbert described how and why inaccessibility is driving people away from the field: by requiring people with disabilities to disclose those disabilities, by maintaining inaccessible buildings and observatories, by acting inappropriately when accommodations are requested, and by not working well in advance of a course or event to anticipate the needs of people with disabilities. To learn more about what you can do to make astronomy accessible, and what efforts are already underway (including right here at AAS 228), see these resources compiled by AstroBetter.Press Conference: From Molecules to Galaxies (by Leonardo dos Santos

hwhwap_Ep29_The National Lab in Space

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-01-26

[00:00:00] Gary Jordan (Host): Houston We Have a Podcast. Welcome to the official podcast of the NASA Johnson Space Center, Episode 29, The National Lab in Space. I'm Gary Jordan, and I'll be your host today. So this is the podcast where we bring in the experts, NASA scientists, engineers, astronauts, sometimes some of our partners. We bring them right here on the show to tell you all the cool stuff about what's going on here at NASA. So today we're talking about the section of the International Space Station that's designated as a U.S. national laboratory. We're talking with Patrick O'Neill, the marketing and communications manager at the Center for Advancement of Science in Space, or CASIS. We had a great discussion about what it means to be a U.S. national lab, how CASIS is bringing research from companies, research to institutions, and government agencies to the Space Station, and the things we're learning that benefit human kind. So with no further delay, let's go light speed and jump right ahead to our talk with Mr. Patrick O'Neill. Enjoy. [00:00:53] [ Music ] Host: All right, well, Patrick, thanks so much for taking the time to come on the podcast, especially because you are remote, right? You're not even here in Houston. You're calling in from Florida, right? [00:01:26] Patrick O’Neill: I am over at Kenney Space Center as we speak. [00:01:29] Host: Awesome. And that's where CASIS is sort of housed? Is that where you guys are? Or are you kind of all over the place? [00:01:36] Patrick O’Neill: Well, we actually have a couple of houses across the country. But yes, in theory, this is kind of where our headquarters is based out of in the Kenney Space Center area, as well as Melbourne, Florida. But we also have strong office presence just outside of Johnson Space Center in Houston, and then we have a few more offices that are sporadically placed throughout the country. [00:01:54] Host: Very cool. All right, so you're over at the Kenney Space Center, yeah, Kennedy Space Center right now. So how's the weather over there? [00:02:00] Patrick O’Neill: The weather right now is, it's a tad cold. We had a little cold front come through. So it's nowhere near as bad as it is in places like the northeast, but, you know, we actually had to turn the heat on, and that's something that is a rare occurrence here down in Florida. [00:02:12] Host: Yeah, you know, I mean, over here, the weather has just been absolutely crazy. I'm sure you've been paying attention. But this past week, I mean, we had like ice and freezing rain and all the roads were covered in ice, and Houston just doesn't have the infrastructure to deal with that. So we just, you know, the center shut down. The south can't really deal with that stuff. And right now, it's freezing right now. I mean, we're in the studio, and the studio is always cold, but it's like, you know, 30s right now, which is, I'm sure the people in the north are thinking, man, that guy is definitely a baby when it comes to the cold. But, you know, when you're used to 60s and 70s in the winter, this can definitely, this can definitely get to you. [00:02:48] Patrick O’Neill: Well, you know, being in Florida right now, it's 55 when I hopped out of my car, and everyone is bundled up as though, you know, it's 15 outside. So, you know, I think that we are certainly living in First World problems as well. [00:03:00] Host: I've seen that before. I've been to-- it was an air show out at Ellington Field one time, and it was, it was low 60s and not a cloud in the sky. Absolutely crystal clear day. And I was wearing shorts and a T-shirt because the Sun was beating, and I thought it was a hot day, especially on the tarmac, but you had folks that were bundled up as if it was a cold winter day, and I could not believe it. Low 60s, and they were bundled up. It was crazy. [00:03:25] Patrick O’Neill: Can't take them anywhere. [00:03:26] Host: Okay, but we're not connecting, you know, from across, from Houston to Kennedy to talk about the weather. We're here to talk about the U.S. National Laboratory. And you being the marketing and communications manager of CASIS have a pretty good understanding of just CASIS as a whole. So why don't we just talk about that, you know, what is, what is CASIS? [00:03:49] Patrick O’Neill: Yeah, sure, so first and foremost, CASIS stands for the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space. Since we are kind of a brainchild of NASA, and since NASA equally likes to work in the world of acronyms, we decided to go out there and call ourselves CASIS. [00:04:01] Host: Good call. [00:04:02] Patrick O’Neill: And so in 2011, we were tasked with managing the U.S. National Laboratory aboard the International Space Station. [00:04:08] Host: Okay, and so that means what? Managing-- what is the U.S. National Laboratory? [00:04:14] Patrick O’Neill: What is it that you say you do here, yeah. So when I say that we manage the U.S. National Lab on the International Space Station, that means that we get to select, broker, manifest, and then promote the research that goes on the U.S. National Lab portion of the flight manifest. And so what do I mean by flight manifest is on a given resupply mission to send research and supplies to the station, there will be up to 50% of that research allocation that is designated as U.S. National Laboratory based research. And so we get that 50%. So we pick and choose the research that goes up. And within my role, I get to work alongside you and other folks at NASA to help communicate the benefits of the research that is going to the Space Station. [00:04:57] Host: Okay, I see. So the U.S. National Lab is a NASA thing. And then CASIS is the, you know, is the industry that manages it, I guess. [00:05:06] Patrick O’Neill: I would say that the U.S. National Laboratory is a U.S. thing. [00:05:10] Host: U.S. thing, I see. [00:05:11] Patrick O’Neill: And so a little bit of background on how the Space Station ended up becoming a National Laboratory. In 2005, Congress, in their infinite wisdom, they were looking at all the research that was happening on the Space Station, and, you know, it was catered towards NASA's exploratory endeavors, living and working in space, better understanding the human condition, so that you can do long duration space flight or go beyond low Earth orbit. And they said, that's terrific, and we're learning so much, but there's also so much more that we could be doing on this Space Station. What if we were to open it up to all sectors of the research community, whether that's Fortune 500 companies, or innovative startups, academic researchers, student investigators. I mean, there's so much that we could do on this Space Station. So what if we turn it into a National Laboratory and really kind of see what this thing is capable of from a research perspective, and see if we can't use the microgravity environment to benefit life on Earth. So in 2005, that's kind of how we got this, the concept of a National Laboratory. And then in 2010, I want to say, Congress worked with NASA saying, you know, we need to have a non-NASA entity, a non-profit organization manage the research on this U.S. National Laboratory. [00:06:25] And so in 2011, CASIS was selected by NASA to manage the National Laboratory, and we have been assuming management of the National Lab since that timeframe. [00:06:35] Host: There you go. Okay, so what was originally a laboratory for NASA, to do NASA research, now is opened up to-- is it anyone or is it just people in the U.S.? [00:06:47] Patrick O’Neill: So, and that's a great question. It is open, in theory, to anyone. However, you have to have U.S. subsidiaries or U.S. interests involved. So, I mean, there's a various of companies that we work with that might have headquarters overseas. But, you know, if it's a pharmaceutical company, I'll give you an example. Like Merck Pharmaceuticals, I believe that they're based, in theory, overseas, but they have such a large footprint here in the United States, and so we work with investigators that are based here in the U.S. [00:07:15] Host: I see. Okay, but then they can use, you know, they can go through CASIS. CASIS will manage getting whatever research that they want to do up on the International Space Station because it will eventually benefit the, you know, U.S. citizens. [00:07:30] Patrick O’Neill: Right, and what I would say, the caveat, again, is that the research that we manifest and broker and send to the Space Station and then send back down to the Space Station, in some cases, again, the caveat always has to be that there has to be a tangible benefit for life here on Earth as opposed to, again, NASA is much more focused on exploratory research endeavors. [00:07:50] Host: How about that? Okay, and you said 50%. That's a decent amount of research. [00:07:54] Patrick O’Neill: That's a pretty good chunk of change, right? [00:07:56] Host: Yeah, yeah, especially, I mean, you've got that balance of I guess, you know, there's a lot of human research that goes on that the astronauts do to themselves, right, to understand what is happening to the human body in space. And I'm sure there's other human research elements that are being done for people here on Earth, right? Or maybe it kind of even translates just the NASA studies and the U.S. National Lab studies. [00:08:24] Patrick O’Neill: Sure, so what I would say is think about a lot of the research that was happening on the Space Station, or even with the shuttle program bay in the day, that was focused on the astronauts, and kind of using them as the guinea pig, so-to-speak. But then you now have-- so you're able to understand basic concepts of life science research, or how bodies adapt, or in a microgravity environment. So a lot of the pre-research that was done has now set the foundation for a lot of the research that is going up from pharmaceutical companies. So NASA really set, or paved the way for a lot of the research that's going up now. Because now it's much more targeted, I think, based on a lot of the early findings that were had with astronauts in space for extended periods of time. [00:09:10] Host: Okay, so yeah, it kind of benefits everyone both ways, right? [00:09:12] Patrick O’Neill: Absolutely, yep. [00:09:13] Host: So you've got, you know, the citizens, but then also the astronauts. There you go. Okay, so let's talk about just, you know, CASIS and NASA. So you said, you know, Congress decided there needed to be a non-profit to manage all of this, so NASA didn't have to do it. And, you know, we can build this sort of industry of research that goes up into microgravity. And that's where CASIS comes in. So how is the relationship there with NASA and CASIS, and then with, and you said it was research partners, industry, how does that all work? [00:09:47] Patrick O’Neill: So what I would say first and foremost is that, you know, NASA and CASIS, you know, we truly like to use the concept that we are powered through partnership. Everything that we do, and I talk with your team on a daily basis headquarters, and, you know, so from a PR perspective, there's an awful lot of strategy in place from a communication perspective. There is equally the same thing from a program science perspective, you know, what are kind of the goals and objectives that we're all collectively trying to do so that we can communicate effectively to the public and to the research community that they could take advantage of this incredible research platform. So, you know, there is an awful lot of back and forth that happens on a daily basis between our collective organizations, and it's all done, again, with the intention of communicating about the science now, as well as the opportunities that might exist for researchers down the road. [00:10:34] Host: So is CASIS the one that actually goes out and finds people to bring research to the U.S. National Lab? [00:10:41] Patrick O’Neill: That's one of our jobs. And, you know, I'm sure that we'll talk a little bit more about maybe some of the other partners that are involved in helping to bring research to the Space Station and the National Lab, in particular. But yes, that's one of the definite core functions of CASIS is to seek out traditional partners, non-traditional partners, to try to just educate people, again, on how it is that, you know, your company or your research institution could be benefited from sending their research to the Space Station. And, you know, what I would throw in as a caveat for that, and that's something that I have a chance to go and do frequently, is helping to tell that story of sending research to station. You know, a lot of times when you go meet with a company, the first thing that they sit there and say is wow, that's really cool, but how expensive is this going to be? I mean, it just seems like sending something to and from the Space Station, that's just going to be, you know, time-intensive, labor-intensive, and it's going to be cost-prohibitive. And so one of the great things that has happened with the National Laboratory is that to send your research to the Space Station, to have the astronaut as your lab technician, to send the research back down, those are costs that aren't passed over to the researcher. [00:11:47] Those are costs that are not passed over to the particular company. Because those are costs that you and I as taxpayers of the United States of America have already made that investment into. So it's nowhere near as expensive to send your research to and from station, as folks would think. And now you're able to take advantage of it from a marketing and PR perspective. So especially if you're talking to major companies, you know, it's not only what it is that you're going to be able to learn, but how is it that you're going to be able to capitalize on this to separate yourself from your competitors, saying that we are doing more to be as innovative as we possibly can, and what's more innovative than sending research to the International Space Station? [00:12:25] Host: Yeah, but then, okay, so you got this cost element, and it seems like there's a lot of cost that's absorbed, so that way it makes it, like say it's not cost-prohibitive. You can actually do this, and it could be affordable, and you could get something out of it, especially from an innovative perspective. But then I'm sure, you know, you, as the marketing PR guy, you have a pitch for what is so great about microgravity, right? What is it that you can bring, what research can you bring to this microgravity environment, the only one that exists, and then, you know, accomplish what you need to accomplish? [00:12:59] Patrick O’Neill: Yeah, and so, you know, you kind of touched on it. I mean, you know, microgravity, in and of itself, I mean, the fundamental variable that we are all familiar with here on Earth is gravity. It's always around us at all times. I mean, there might be instances where you could potentially take it away, but not to the level that you can in a microgravity environment like the Space Station has. And so now, you know, you're able to really look at things in an entirely different dimension than you have ever looked at research previously. And it doesn't matter what type of research. Life science, physical science, material science, Earth observation, remote sensing, technology development, all of these are scientific factors that here on Earth, you know, again, there's gravity. Whereas up there, absolutely not. You don't have that same level of gravity. And you have an opportunity to be, to have your research exposed to this microgravity environment for, you know, 30, 60, sometimes longer than that days. And so from that, you know, what is it that you're able to learn when you are looking at things entirely different than you're used to in your typical laboratory setting. [00:14:02] Host: Sweet. Okay, so there's been a lot of research already that has been sent up to the International Space Station. And there's been experiments that have been exposed to microgravity. So what are some of the things we're finding? What are some of the cool things that you can get out of sending your stuff to microgravity? [00:14:17] Patrick O’Neill: Well, you know, I think we're going to need another podcast for that one. I mean, but again, I touched on it in my previous answer, it doesn't matter what type of scientific discipline you're focused on. I mean, microgravity has the ability to enable findings that, you know, just again, you're not going to find anywhere else. And one of the cool ones that came out last year, I want to say it was last year, was we brokered an investigation with Kentucky Space, and they sent planarian flatworms to the station, and they were looking to just kind of see how these worms regenerated in a microgravity environment. And they got a pretty peculiar result when one of them came back with two heads. And, you know, something like that, it's just, you know, you would just not think that that would be the case. And now all of a sudden, you have these worms on station for 30 days, they come back down, and then they just decide that they want to regenerate in entirely different ways. So that's a perfect example. We've sent a variety of rodent research investigations to the station. And we've done that for multiple reasons. I mean, first and foremost, rodents represent a model organism that you can take advantage of, and their growth pattern is nowhere near as lengthy as ours. [00:15:26] So if you're able to have rodents on station for 30 days, you know, that might be the vast majority of their adult life. And one of the reasons that you would send rodents up is based on using the astronauts in the past, you know, muscle wasting, bone density loss are greatly accelerated in a microgravity environment. So it almost, it almost truly accelerates that aging process, so-to-speak. And so you're able to kind of do that similar type of research on a rodent, for instance, and if they're on station for 30 or 60 days, that might be, again, the vast majority of their adult lifespan because of the fact that they're in space and it kind of accelerates that growth, that aging process. So what can you do from a muscle wasting or a bone density perspective when it comes to research, and how can that potentially help the aging population here on the ground, or how can it help those that have been wounded in battle? I mean, those are the types of research investigations that have been happening on station and will continue to happen on station, because it's all about trying to improve the care or the lifespan or the quality of life for those of us here on Earth. [00:16:28] Host: All right, yeah, learning a lot, especially, and this is one of those examples that we were talking about earlier, where this kind of goes both ways, right? So you can learn about just what happens to bones and muscles in their microgravity environment. And then get way more samples than you-- or examples. So you can kind of learn from them and then kind of bring what you learn and then bring it down to Earth for research on stuff like-- and I know one of them that comes to mind is research on osteoporosis, because it's a big, you know, bone disease. [00:16:57] Patrick O’Neill: Absolutely. [00:16:58] Host: Yeah, now, I'm sure, when you say you take your research and you send it up to space, right, I'm sure it's not just you just kind of throw it in the lab, right? I'm sure it's a laboratory, so there are facilities there. So what sorts of things can researchers or facilities can researchers put their environments in? [00:17:17] Patrick O’Neill: And I think that that's a great segue. Because to your point, it's not just as easy as just, you know, throwing it up there and seeing what happens. Anything that goes to the station first and foremost has to be sent up in flight certified hardware. And so when I talked earlier about, you know, the flight up, the flight down, the astronaut as your lab technician, all of those are costs that are not passed over to the researcher. So then that leads to the question of, well, what is the out-of-pocket cost that's going to be passed over to the researcher? And it's sending your research up in that flight certified hardware. And there are multiple companies, and this is one of the great things about station two, is it's not just a research angle, it's an opportunity for companies to be able to validate their research facilities, their ability to send research safely to and from Earth to a microgravity environment. So it's really kind of spanning a lot of different areas of opportunity. But as far as research facilities on station, you know, there's a lot of things that are very similar to that of your normal lab here on the ground. [00:18:23] I mean, so we talked a little bit about rodents. So we have a rodent research habitat. There's centrifuges, there's a 3D printer that is on station now, there is, let's see, we have a microgravity glove box that enables a wide variety of scientific discipline to include using a furnace on station. We have an external platform. If you want to put research on the outside of the station and test it in the extreme environment of space, that is now available to you. There is a DNA sequencer on station. I mean, there's so much that's going on that, you know, and again, it's not dissimilar from a lot of other lab settings that you would conduct your research in on Earth. [00:19:03] Host: All right, okay, so lots of different options too. And there's a lot of cool ones too. I mean, you can put your stuff outside the station and see kind of what happens to it. I mean, I'm guessing from like a radiation perspective, maybe from a temperature perspective, lack of pressure, or, you know, there's a lot of different things that you can find out. [00:19:22] Patrick O’Neill: Absolutely. Yeah. I mean, and to your point, you know, temperature variation, radiation, levels, I mean, those are some of the big critical ones that we talk about with perspective users of those external platforms. [00:19:35] Host: So a lot of the facilities and a lot of these kind of experiments, do they require astronauts to kind of have hands-on experience, or are there some that are just kind of running in the background? [00:19:46] Patrick O’Neill: So that's, first of all, that's a grade segue as well too, because I think that one of the issues that we run into, both from a CASIS standpoint, National Lab, and NASA, is, you know, you can only use the astronauts for so much time when they're on station. And so in a perfect world, is there a scenario where you're able to send research up into kind of a rack space where it's almost like a plug and play future, it's a simplistic environment where the astronaut just, again, pushes in this cartridge, so-to-speak, flips a switch, and the next thing you know, you have a science experiment that's going to be conducted for the next 30 days. So we have a mixture of both, where there are hands-on, more astronaut-intensive investigations. An example of that would probably be something like road research or research that's being taken place in a microgravity glove box or DNA sequencing. But then you also have a couple of companies that have rack space on the Space Station. And the two companies that come to mind are NanoRacks and Space Tango. [00:20:48] And think about that as facilities that are in a position to enable inquiries from life science to material science, and they just kind of go in this rack space, so-to-speak, and they kind of sit there for 30 days, and just it really depends on what the researcher is looking for. If they want to have a camera on the inside, if they want to have, if they want to test levels, if they want to, you know, have a light on, things like that, I mean, all of those could be configured based on the needs of the researcher. But it's done with the intention to really simplify the process, get as much research up as possible, and not have to take away from all of the time that the astronauts are using on station for other, other endeavors that they're involved with. [00:21:28] Host: Exactly. And I know crew time is always just a hot commodity because they have to do so much. I mean, just coming up next week, they have to-- and all of this week, they've really been preparing for a space walk, or I guess two this month. And it's just, you know, that's a huge chunk of time that they have to prepare, because, you know, space walks are very I guess just labor-intensive. They're out there for six and a half hours. They've got hours beforehand of prep, hours afterwards of debrief. It's just a long day, and everything has to be coordinated down to like the minute. I guess you can even say second, but I'll just say minute to make sure that the whole time is absolutely maximized. So they dedicate all this time beforehand, and then that, you know, they don't have as much time for research because they have to do everything up there, you know? There's no, there's no astronaut and then a lab technician and then plumber, you know? They are all three of those things. So it's crazy what they have to do. Sol I guess that's kind of helpful when things kind of run on their own. [00:22:31] But you're right, there's stuff that, you know, if you're going to sequence DNA, you actually have to inject it. You have to have an astronaut go in the glove box and put something in a DNA sequencer, or actually, you know, work with the rodents in the habitats. So, I mean, finding that crew time can be a little bit challenging at times I'm guessing, right? [00:22:51] Patrick O’Neill: It can be. And that's why, you know, we work in partnership with NASA to really kind of understand and identify the projects that are coming down our pipeline conversely with what it is that is a priority for NASA. So that way whenever we do send research up, we are able to maximize everyone's collective time. [00:23:07] Host: Okay, cool. So that thought makes me think of, or kind of lead to the whole process of getting research onboard the Space Station, right? You said, kind of your process. So what is that like? Now let's say you've gone out, you've connected with an industry or with a researcher, and they want to get something out in the International Space Station. What does that look like? [00:23:30] Patrick O’Neill: So the way that it would work is first and foremost, if you do want to send research to the Space Station, you've got to submit a proposal. So you have to submit a white paper that basically says, this is what I want to send to the Space Station, this is why I think the microgravity can enhance the findings of what it is that I'm presently doing on the ground. And so we have this kind of open forum where we allow anybody to submit a white paper at anytime, and then our team will evaluate that. And so as we are starting to evaluate these, first and foremost, the question we have to ask ourselves is, you know, does it need microgravity? I mean, is this something that can be done in your lab settings, or, you know, is it going to make sense to be done in a microgravity environment on the Space Station? Second of all, is it operationally feasible? Is it something that we can put into a facility that already exists on station? Is it something that's going to be safe to have beyond the Space Station? We don't want to endanger the lives of the astronauts. And then once we're able to kind of identify where this payload might end up going once it goes to station, then it passes over into kind of meat and potatoes, which is the science portion of it. [00:24:35] Okay, you know, what is the science relevancy of this? What is the tangible impact for benefiting life on Earth? And then all of these are, from a science perspective, evaluated from our science team, as well as subject matter experts that are not CASIS employees, because again, at the end of the day, we are good stewards, we want to be good stewards of this incredible research platform. You know, we don't want to be looked upon as just picking and choosing our favorite research from a Fortune 500 company. It's about science and science relevancy. And so once you kind of go through that portion, then is segues then into, you know, working with NASA, working with hardware partners that, again, we mentioned earlier, like the flight-certified hardware portion. So, you know, teaming up the researcher with a flight-certified hardware partner who can, you know, take that concept and morph it into an actual experiment that can go to station, that we manifest it, that it flies up, and then it gets, the research gets conducted. And then in some instances, the research comes back down for further evaluation. [00:25:37] And then in other instances, it either stays on station for an extended period of time, or eventually it will be put into the signal capsule, which then burns up in the Earth's atmosphere when all the research is done on Orbital ATK mission. [00:25:52] Host: Okay, and then the way it gets back is SpaceX, right? SpaceX is the return vehicle? [00:25:56] Patrick O’Neill: Right. [00:25:56] Host: Yeah, yeah, yeah. [00:25:56] Patrick O’Neill: Yep, so SpaceX is the return vehicle presently. But then hopefully in a couple of years, we will be able to have our friends over at Sierra Nevada, which will equally be in a position to send research back down to the research community. [00:26:07] Host: Oh, that's right, yeah, they have a return capability too. Okay, cool. Yeah, no, a lot of different options. All right, so you get this proposal, and then you're connected with flight hardware so you can kind of fit your experiment in this flight hardware and make sure everything is going to be working. And then you kind of work with commercial resupply company to actually send it up to the Space Station, right? [00:26:31] Patrick O’Neill: Right, so, you know, think of SpaceX and Orbital ATK as kind of the transportation to and from. But all of, you know, it's not as though we work directly with SpaceX or Orbital ATK. We actually work directly with NASA to identify the various payloads that are going to be going up. Because, again, at the end of the day, there's only a finite amount of payload space that we all have. And so it's working with NASA to understand the research priorities that they have on a particular mission, and us then being able to sit there and say, okay, you know, we want to put these number of projects in. How is that going to coincide with the research that NASA wants to send on this, you know, call it Orbital ATK mission? [00:27:14] Host: Okay, cool. Yeah, a lot of players in there. I mean, you've got CASIS, NASA, the commercial partners, you know, flight hardware providers, researchers, Fortune 500 companies. Oh my gosh. This can be get pretty expansive. [00:27:26] Patrick O’Neill: It's clear as mud, right? [00:27:29] Host: So how has this evolved over the years? Has this been kind of a growing thing? Or did it kind of explode all at once? What's the story behind this whole industry? [00:27:39] Patrick O’Neill: I would say it's a very growing thing. You know, I've been lucky enough to be with CASIS for just about six years now, which is the vast majority of the lifespan of the organization. So, you know, I've been privileged to kind of see how this has evolved over time. And, you know, I can say that when the ISS National Lab was first created, I think that there was a notion that overnight, you would just have all of these companies and researchers that are like, oh my gosh, I can't wait to send research to the Space Station. But that wasn't the case, you know? And I think that we realized that and recognized that very early on here at CASIS that companies didn't know that they could access station. Their researchers didn't know they could access station, let alone why they would want to access station. I mean, what could I learn in microgravity that I can't learn in my own lab? So the first couple of years of the organization was not only standing ourselves up, trying to figure out who we are and how we fit in this overall Space Station landscape, working with NASA, but also trying to work with the research community to let them know why they should want to take advantage of this Space Station. [00:28:45] So it took a couple of years to really help build up that notion of demand. And, you know, now we're starting to get into the golden years of the Space Station, as I like to say. And so last year was a perfect example where we had, you know, an many thanks to our partners over at SpaceX and Orbital ATK, you know, we had a terrific year of continuous research to and from station. And from that, you were really able to see a lot of the fruits of the labor of the hard work of NASA, of the CASIS team, along with our commercial partners like, you know, NanoRacks and Space Tango who are equally kind of bringing in their own research. And so the demand portion has kicked up exponentially over the last couple of years. And, you know, part of it is, you know, a derivative of having some recognizable commercial brands that are now starting to send their research to station. And part of it is also just, you know, over time, you know, enhancing how it is that we put together our pitch and educate people on how they could take advantage of station. [00:29:46] So it's been a process, but I would say that it's been an incredibly fun and unique process for all of us to be involved with. And, you know, now we're really able to, again, kind of enjoy the fruits of the labor. [00:29:58] Host: Yeah, exactly. I mean, if you think about it, it's all kind of new, right? I mean, you think about it, things going to space. That's a NASA thing, right? You know, you're talking about space agencies, international partners, like these big time players in the space world. But now, you know, now you're going to open it up to so many different people to actually send stuff to space. And the space industry itself, I see it all the time just constantly growing and people talking about it. It's kind of cool to see this thing kind of grow, expand and mature, I guess. [00:30:32] Patrick O’Neill: Well, and, you know, on top of that, too, I mean, it's funny, I was reading an article the other day where they were talking about the emergence of the suborbital research community. And, you know, one of the things that we talk about with suborbital research is that it might be a great precursor to setting the foundation for even better research on the International Space Station. So, you know, you now even have that community that is now part of this quote unquote space race, if you will. So there's just so much activity that's going on right now, both from a NASA standpoint, a Space Station standpoint. You have all of these commercial launch providers that are now starting to get into the mix. I mean, you know, you have to sit there sometimes and say, one of the reasons that they're all getting involved is because they see the opportunity, they see the demand is beginning to swell. And the Space Station is very indicative of that. [00:31:22] Host: Yeah, I like the way you say it, too. It's kind of like the golden age. But, you know, with competition comes innovation, so that's kind of exciting as well. So, you know, kind of leading, I guess leading into that is the kinds of research that we're seeing. Now that this industry is maturing and people are sending more and more things and there's recognizable players in the research space, you know, what kinds of research can we see go through CASIS and occur on the International Space Station? [00:31:51] Patrick O’Neill: So, you know, again, it really spans all scientific disciplines. But, you know, as we're kind of forecasting into 2018, you know, I guess it gives me a good opportunity to plug some of the research that we're expecting to have go up hopefully in a couple of months on the next SpaceX resupply mission. [00:32:08] Host: Okay. [00:32:08] Patrick O’Neill: And, you know, it really, it's kind of a diverse set. I mean, so we have research that's looking at wound healing. We have research that's looking at metabolic activity tracking. We're going to be having two new facilities that are going to go on station that help to enable further research. One of them is going to be kind of an updated centrifuge. And so that centrifuge is going to be able to, you know, have research almost be side by side. Maybe you have one that is, you know, reacting because of microgravity, but then you have a centrifuge right next to it, and maybe you're trying to create conditions that are similar to what it's like on Earth. So you have this, you know, these two differing types of investigations that are now happening right next to each other. And you're not having to do one research on the ground simultaneously with another one in space to see kind of, you know, what the reaction difference is. Now you've got them right next to each other. So that's kind of a cool principle for researchers to take advantage of. Another research platform that's going to go up, it's called the missing platform. But it's going to greatly enhance materials research investigations on the Space Station. [00:33:12] So, you know, those are two new facilities that are going to be going up, again, adding to the already very diverse amount of facilities in research that's possible. We even have, you know, student investigations that are going to be going up, some looking at genetics. And then NASA's got a wide variety of payloads that are going to be going up too. So, I mean, there's an awful lot that's happening right now. I also want to say, plant biology research is going to be another fixture that's going to be involved in this upcoming mission. So all sorts of stuff going on. [00:33:43] Host: Yeah, definitely. We actually had a couple, you know, things come back on SpaceX 13. You know, when you're talking about research going up, and then, you know, some of it kind of stays there, some of it burns up, some of it comes back, there's plants that were actually on SpaceX 13, right? [00:33:58] Patrick O’Neill: There were plants, yeah. There was a couple of different plant biology experiments that went up. One from an academic institution, and then one from a very recognizable commercial brand. But, you know, I think that, you know, plant biology research is a great example that it spans all sectors. You know, NASA has been doing plant biology research on station and on shuttle for years. I mean, you know, the Veggie project is something that has gotten great visibility as astronauts try to get beyond low Earth orbit, they're going to need to harvest or create their own food supplies. So NASA has been involved in that. But then you have academic researchers who are looking to just kind of ask those basic questions of how do plants react when, you know, you no longer have gravity as a variable? Which ways do they grow? Why do they grow that way? You know, what happens when you don't have that much sunlight on them, you know, how do they react? But then you also have commercial companies that are now sending plant biology research experiments to station with the intention of improving agricultural processes here on the ground. But, you know, again, it's really hitting on so many different areas now. [00:35:02] I mean, again, whether it's government organizations, academic researchers, commercial companies. And all of that, in some ways, is kind of what you want for the National Lab. You want a variety of thoughts and ideas for how to tackle various types of research. [00:35:15] Host: Yeah, definitely. Well, Veggie is a great example because Veggie is a facility, right? [00:35:20] Patrick O’Neill: Right. [00:35:20] Host: So it's a place where if you need to do plant research, this is where you're going to do it. It's one of the places on the Space Station where you can do it. And it's just from, you know, kind of playing with plants in space that they've come up with, all right, we're going to use, we're going to use lights, these LED lights, and we're going to use these things called pillows, and they're going to grow in these pillows where it has all the soil and nutrients and nutrient delivery system. And then they just came up with this place. And now boom, if you want to grow a plant or see what happens to a plant, this is where you're going to do it. And, you know, the one you said before was Outredgeous red romaine lettuce. That was actually the first time that Americans ate lettuce on the station. That was pretty cool. [00:36:01] Patrick O’Neill: That was pretty cool. Well, and, you know, so projects like that bring I think great visibility for, you know, exploratory purposes. But then there's also a lot of projects that are happening on station that have kind of a dual usage or, you know, NASA and CASIS and the ISS National Lab working together in partnership. And one of the ones that just came back too was a run research investigation where, you know, think of NASA as kind of being the leaders of the rodent portion of it, and then the National Lab working on kind of the research side of it. So the Houston Methodist Research Institute partnered with pharmaceutical giant Novartis, and they were looking at implantable chips in rodent research, again, with the hope of ultimately improving life on Earth, whether that be through cancer understandings, as well as things like osteoporosis and diabetes. [00:36:56] Host: Whoa. Okay, so it's a device that can actually be implanted and kind of help out with that, right? [00:37:01] Patrick O’Neill: Right, and hopefully better monitor conditions within your body. [00:37:05] Host: Yeah, yeah, yeah. [00:37:06] Patrick O’Neill: Then also, you know, speaking of something like that, we also had another one that just came back down that was a glucose biosensor that was looking to improve day-to-day diabetes management. So the efficacy of insulin being, you know, disseminated into the body to make sure that it has max potency. [00:37:25] Host: Okay, yeah. So a lot of like, you know, a lot of these medical kind of industries kind of in this space, right? [00:37:32] Patrick O’Neill: Yeah, I would say, you know, think about it like this too. It's almost, you know, like low-hanging fruit, if you will. So we see an awful lot of pharmaceutical companies that have been involved in life science research on station. But again, a lot of that kind of pre-dates the National Lab concept, and was really kind of harkening back to the research that NASA was doing, specifically on the astronauts, living and working in space. And then, you know, some of those, some of those basic understandings now being passed over and allowing the private sector to be able to take advantage of some of those early findings and now incorporate that into their research that can hopefully create therapeutics or drugs that can improve patient care here on Earth. [00:38:12] Host: Nice. All right, so the glucose biosensor one, that one, I saw a picture of it. It's like super tiny, right? It can fit on your finger. [00:38:20] Patrick O’Neill: Fits the little guy. [00:38:22] Host: Yeah, so my question is how-- what about microgravity makes the Space Station a good place to test that tiny little sensor? [00:38:32] Patrick O’Neill: So it's not so much the sensor itself, but I think that it was more focused on the fluid flow of, you know, kind of shooting out that insulin and making sure that it is as efficient as possible. So, you know, you send, you know, you send this thing up with the insulin or a mockup thereof, and again, kind of see how that flows in a microgravity environment. Again, done with the intention of really maximizing every time that it kind of shoots out into your body. [00:39:02] Host: That's right. Okay, yeah, making sure that it's consistent, right? No matter where it is or what you're doing. [00:39:07] Patrick O’Neill: Not just consistent, but, you know, that it's also giving you the most powerful and most effective kind of shoot so that way it gets into your blood as fast as possible, and you're able to kind of go about living your life in a normal capacity as opposed to, you know, maybe waiting 15 to 20 minutes. Maybe this is going to be much more instantaneous into your body. [00:39:27] Host: Yeah, okay. Yeah, there's a lot of cool studies. Another one on SpaceX 13 that I'm thinking of. They are actually trying to manufacture fiber optic filaments, right? And try to figure out, you know, like space manufacturing, right? So I guess are they trying to build a space manufacturing kind of industry? Or just kind of test its capability on Earth and kind of the same thing, right? Make sure it's as powerful, as consistent, that kind of thing. [00:39:56] Patrick O’Neill: Right, yeah. So our partners over at Made In Space, they are also quite famous for having the 3D printer on station. They kind of wanted to take that next step into looking at on-orbit manufacturing capabilities. And so, you know, that's kind of where you're looking at fiber optic technology, which, you know, could potentially enhance, you know, I guess a lot of the things that might be happening within the advanced communication, or, you know, DOD type communities. So, you know, Made In Space was looking to see, you know, how do these filaments react in a microgravity environment? Can I grow them, you know, more purely so that maybe it's something that is grown in space, or, you know, harvested, if you will, even though it is fiber optic technology, but then taking that back down to Earth and actually selling that. So, yeah, I mean, how can we use the Space Station as an ever-evolving platform, not only for research, but also, again, for on over manufacturing capabilities. It really is kind of an interesting way to think about the Space Station as we continue to move forward. [00:40:57] And there's going to be other companies that are equally looking to do similar types of on over manufacturing capabilities in the future. And that's almost, again, when we're talking about the Station, that's what makes it to exciting right now. It's not just research, and it's not just, you know, the commercial companies that are sending research out, or academic researchers, but it's companies being able to leverage microgravity to enhance their business findings, and, you know, validate why it is that we need to continue to have a commercial presence in low Earth orbit, potentially beyond this Space Station. [00:41:29] Host: That's right. You know, one of the things that always comes to mind when it talks about growing stuff in space, the thing that I always think about is protein crystals, because that was kind of-- that one was kind of, I guess you can call surprising, because they actually grew differently, and I guess you could say almost more perfectly, because they didn't have stuff weighing down on them. Was it a positive finding? [00:41:53] Patrick O’Neill: It's a very positive finding. [00:41:55] Host: Yeah. [00:41:55] Patrick O’Neill: So, you know, there's a variety of companies that have been doing protein crystallography research, or academic researchers that are looking at protein crystals. And I think that you actually kind of hit it on the head. You know, in a microgravity environment, you're able to grow crystals in a more uniformed or perfect manner, which would potentially allow for you to dig in and better understand the genetic makeup of some sort of a, you know, a protein. And, you know, one that comes to mind for me that has gone up multiple times is we have partners over at Merck Research Laboratories, and they have sent three separate, I want to say, protein crystallography experiments, and it's being done with the intention of improving the efficacy of KEYTRUDA, which is an FDA-approved drug that is now done for cancer patients. And so right now, even though the drug is already on the market, if you go and, you know, you get shot up with this, you're basically in the hospital for an entire day. So what Paul Rickert, the lead researcher over at Merck is trying to do with these protein crystallography experiments, is grow these crystals at a better rate, a larger rate, so that, again, he can dig into the genetic makeup of these proteins and find a way to improve the potency of this drug so that instead of you, as a patient, being at a hospital all day, you know, maybe you just go see your doctor, and he gives you a shot, and 10 minutes later, you're walking out the door, 30 minutes later, you're out playing golf. [00:43:20] I mean, you know, it's about trying to make your life a little bit easier. But, yeah, so cool stuff like that with a protein crystallography experiment. But yeah, again, it's really trying to make things a little bit larger so that you can dig into them and look at genetic structures of proteins in a new and novel way. And microgravity, it's not to say that you can't do protein crystallography on the ground. But microgravity has shown a propensity for having much larger crystals, because, again, you're no longer having the push and pull of gravity as a vector. Now you have microgravity around you, and it really allows for these crystals to grow in much more of a natural state, so-to-speak. [00:44:01] Host: Super cool. I love it. You know, so you've got things that are actually growing I guess more perfectly, and you said larger in space, but I know that using the Space Station can actually make things a little bit less expensive too. I think a good example is satellites, actually launching satellites. [00:44:20] Patrick O’Neill: Yeah. [00:44:20] Host: Do you guys work with companies to launch satellites from the Space Station? [00:44:24] Patrick O’Neill: So there is one company in particular that we work with who, you know, not only do they have rack space on the Space Station, not only do they have an external platform on station, but they also have the ability to send cube satellites into low Earth orbit from the Space Station. And that's a company called NanoRacks. And so we work in partnership with them. All of their research that flies to the ISS flies under the ISS National Laboratory manifest. And so we work with them to identify, you know, which cube satellites they want to send, why they want to send it, and the timeframe behind it. And so, you know, that's a perfect example of it's not just CASIS as, you know, going and securing research. It's some of these partners like a NanoRacks or a Space Tango who are working with researchers, and equally kind of talking about why it is that they would want to send their research to Station, or [inaudible] research from Station. And so NanoRacks is the entity that we work heavily with who is responsible for, again, deploying those cube satellites. [00:45:29] Host: And they're called cube satellites because they are much smaller than like a satellite that you would normally think about, right? When you think of satellite, you think of like this giant floating dish in low Earth orbit, right? But they are much smaller. [00:45:41] Patrick O’Neill: They are much smaller. You know, think about it as, you know, your satellite being housed in a shoebox. And that shoebox just being shot out of the Space Station. And, you know, maybe it gets a little bit bigger once it gets outside of the Space Station parameters, but maybe it doesn't as well. I mean, it just really depends on what the researcher is looking to try to do and how big they want to go. [00:46:04] Host: So what do these small satellites do? What are they capable of? [00:46:08] Patrick O’Neill: Wow, you know, what aren't they capable of, you know? I mean, so, you know, I think when you think of satellites, the typical idea would be, you know, Earth monitoring in some capacity. But, you know, there was one that went up, I want to say it was on SpaceX-CRS13, or Orbital ATK-8, but it was actually E. Coli was put in a satellite and sent into low Earth orbit to kind of see how it reacts and morphs in a microgravity environment. But, you know, obviously it's being [inaudible] away from the Space Station. So I don't really know what the findings of that were. But something like that is pretty doggone cool, where, you know, it's not just, you know, true satellite technology, but, you know, now, you know, sending life science into, in a cube satellite, and seeing how that reacts in the extreme environment of space. [00:46:57] Host: Sweet. So there's like this fleet of shoeboxes just kind of circling around here. That's what I'm imagining. I don't know. They're all doing all different kinds of stuff, right? [00:47:07] Patrick O’Neill: They are doing all sorts of cool work, yeah. [00:47:09] Host: Yeah, yeah, very cool. All right, yeah, lots of different, lots of different research going on, and CASIS is kind of at the center of that, kind of managing this back and forth of research, going up and down and all around. So that's awesome. I did want to kind of end with this cool contest that you've got going on right now. Do you want to talk a little bit about that? [00:47:30] Patrick O’Neill: Right, so, you know, I get the fun job, I guess, where, you know, I get to go out and talk with you about research at a very high level. But then also I get the opportunity to work alongside some truly unique partners who can bring great visibility to the Space Station. And also, you know, I think that one of the areas I forgot to touch on earlier was that one of the key functions of CASIS and the National Lab is to help inspire and engage the next generation of scientists and engineers. And so every year what I'll typically do is I'll work with a unique brand to develop one mission patch that represents all ISS National Laboratory research. So last year, for instance, we worked with Lucasfilm who developed a Star Wars themed mission patch, which was pretty doggone cool. And then in 2016, though, and this is kind of where, you know, a longwinded response, where we're kind of getting with this contest, in 2016, we partnered with Marvel, and they developed a mission patch that featured Rocket and Groot from the Guardians of the Galaxy franchise. [00:48:27] Host: Cool. [00:48:27] Patrick O’Neill: And so what I was hoping to try to do out of that was not just have a mission patch, which brings, you know, some awareness to the Space Station. But is there a way to create an actionable item that we can take from this mission patch and spread it to the masses? And so what we ended up doing is working with Marvel to create a stem competition that is focused on Rocket and Groot and the characteristics associated with them. So we now have a contest that is live for students in the United States aged 13 to 18. And, you know, they can just simply go and submit flight concepts on the characteristics of Rocket and Groot, and, you know, for instance, you have Rocket, who is general innovation, and, you know, enabling technology development, material science. But then you have Groot, and he is kind of like the personification of plant biology or regeneration. So students, you know, how could you do something on the Space Station that's focused on regeneration or seeing how plants or something like that react in space? [00:49:30] So, you know, we're really trying to encourage students to think about their favorite superheroes in a new and different way, and equally link that to how the Space Station could create some fun stem opportunities. [00:49:42] Host: Cool. Okay, so they're designing research for each of these teams, or is it like a set, a set thing that they have to accomplish, like what's the whole contest? [00:49:53] Patrick O’Neill: So the contest itself is actually fairly basic, where it's truly submitting a white paper. You know, if you want to, if you're interested in material science, and, you know, thinking about, you know, how Rocket would want to do research on the Space Station, you know, what would you send to the Space Station? Why would you send it? What could you learn that you can't learn here on Earth? Conversely, you know, if you're a fan of regeneration, you know, how can microgravity enhance regenerative medicine? You know, submit a concept on what you want to send, why you want to send it. I mean, it's basic, yet at the same time, what we're going to end up doing when the contest is done is we're going to select two concepts, one from Team Rocket, one from Team Groot, and we're going to turn those concepts into actual experiments, and they will launch to the Space Station later this year. [00:50:44] Host: Ah, sweet. Yeah, there's your actionable item, right? An actual thing that a student design that is going on the Space Station. [00:50:51] Patrick O’Neill: Yep, an actual, an actual item. And, you know, the cool thing for the students, too, is they're going to have the chance to, you know, not only put this concept, you know, together, but they're going to work alongside our hardware partners, our engineering partners, to make this, you know, something that can truly be turned into an actual experiment. So, you know, you're going to get an awful lot of practical application if you're a young student. And, you know, I can't think of a better thing to put on your resume than to sit there and say that, you know, over the summer or over the second semester, I got a chance to put together an experiment that flew to the International Space Station. [00:51:25] Host: Man, I wish I could put something like that on my resume. That would be cool. [00:51:28] Patrick O’Neill: Well, there's a reason why, you know, I went to a state school and not a smart person's school. [00:51:33] Host: Hey, me too, man. I'm a marketing PR kind of major too. So I look up to these guys for sure, because what they can accomplish is just astounding. [00:51:44] Patrick O’Neill: Absolutely. [00:51:44] Host: Especially to get students involved this early, you know? Because if I had known, you know, there was a Rocket and Groot kind of contest and I could submit something, you know, maybe I would have went the science route. Well, looking back, I don't know. We'll see. I'm happy where I am now. I'm happy where I am now. But still, it's just, it sounds like an amazing opportunity. [00:52:02] Patrick O’Neill: It does. And, you know, I guess I have to actually give it the official title for the contest, or the challenge, is the Guardians of the Galaxy Space Station Challenge. So, I mean, if I'm doing shameless plugs, then, you know, if you are a student, if you're a teacher and you want to pass this over to your students, if you're a parent and you want to pass this over to your child, you know, I would say that go to the following website, spacestationexplorers.org/marvel, and you'll be able to find not only information on the contest, but you'll also be able to find examples of research that's been done, both from a materials science standpoint technology development, and then also plant biology regeneration. So it's kind of a one-stop shop that is able to provide as much information as possible for the students to be dangerous and submit their concepts. [00:52:48] Host: How long is the contest going on? [00:52:50] Patrick O’Neill: I wish I could say it's going to be going on in, you know, like infinitely, but it's not. It's going to be pretty quick turnaround. So the contest runs until the 31st. So we have about a week and a half to go. But, again, what I would say is that it's a pretty basic submittal process. So, you know, we're not asking for the Moon here, you know, we're asking for a couple of paragraphs. And, you know, who knows? Maybe your paragraphs are going to be the one that gets selected, and you could be that lucky person that gets to watch your payload fly to the Space Station, and, you know, we can go and spread that to the masses and let people know all the cool research that's possible on Station. [00:53:24] Host: Yeah, definitely. Okay, yeah, we're definitely going to have to turn this episode around real quick so we can get this out, so we can get it out during the contest, give people a couple extra days and a little extra promotion for it. That's so cool to send stuff to the International Space Station. Among all this other great research that's already up there and constantly going up and down, like you said, the golden age of research onboard the International Space Station. Patrick, thank you so much for coming on and talking about the National Lab, and just explaining how this whole process, how this whole, I could say industry at this point, how this whole thing works. So I really appreciate you coming on. [00:53:59] Patrick O’Neill: Absolutely, Gary. This was a lot of fun. And we touched on a lot of different subjects. And hopefully we didn't confuse everyone too much. [00:54:07] Host: I love this. So this is definitely my world. So I really appreciate it. And we'll kind of reiterate those links that you said at the end there after the credits here. So once again, thanks, Patrick, and good luck with the contest. [00:54:21] Patrick O’Neill: Thank you very much. Happy Friday. [00:54:23] [ Music ] [00:54:49] Host: Hey, thanks for sticking around. So today, we talked with Mr. Patrick O'Neill about CASIS and everything about the industry that's kind of growing as we talked about during this, during this podcast. But at the end there, he was talking about a contest that's going on right now. So I'm going to kind of start with that. So again, that link that he talked about is spacestationexplorers.org/marvel. You can go there, and then they kind of give the outline of the contest that's going on and what you need to do to submit your proposal, and as Patrick said, the white paper. Again, that contest is running through January 31st. So make sure to turn those around pretty quick. You've got a couple more days. But it's a pretty cool contest. And at the end of it, you may get to have your research proposal turned into actual research that goes on the International Space Station. That's pretty cool. So if you want to learn more just about CASIS in general, because, you know, we talked about a lot of the research that's going on, all the time going up and down, that's iss-casis.org, and that's their website. [00:55:53] You can find out just more about that industry, and then, or about that business, a little bit more about the industry, too, but then all of the different research that's going up and down. So on social media, CASIS is @isscasis. Twitter is @iss_casis. And Instagram is @iss_casis, as well. Otherwise, you can find me, follow the International Space Station, as we say, almost every show. That's International Space Station on Facebook. And then @space_station@iss. That's Twitter and Instagram, as we always say. And then on the ISS accounts, if you use the #asknasa on your favorite platform, you can submit an idea for an episode of the podcast, or maybe ask a question. Even if you do, honestly, we've done it before, we've seen questions and said, hey, that would be an awesome episode. Actually, I think the space suits episode. And then, yeah, yeah, a couple of them. And I think we have actually more coming up. Just make sure to mention in the #asknasa that it's for Houston We Have a Podcast. [00:56:54] So this podcast episode was recorded on January 19th, 2018, thanks to Alex Perryman and Greg Weisman and the folks at Kenney Space Center, Lauren Mathers, everyone over there, thanks so much for connecting me and CASIS, me and Patrick today, and making this all come together. Thanks again to Mr. Patrick O'Neill for coming on the show. We'll be back next week.