Audio watermarking involves the concealment of data within a discrete audio file. Audio watermarking technology affords an opportunity to generate copies of a recording which are perceived by listeners as identical to the original but which may differ from one another on the basis of the ...

As digital watermarking becomes an accepted and widely applied technology, a number of concerns regarding its reliability in typical application scenarios come up. One important and often discussed question is the robustness of digital watermarks against multiple embedding. This means that one cover is marked several times by various users with by same ...

Audio watermarking aims at ensuring the property rights for digital audio (music, speech). In this respest, some extra information, referred to as mark or watermark, is embedded into original (unmarked) clip. By detecting this information, the true owner should be identified and the copy maker should be tracked ...

Synchronization is still one of the most important issues in digital watermarking. Many attacks do not remove the watermark from the cover, but only disable the synchronization between the watermark and the detector. Most watermarking algorithms feature some synchronization strategy, but especially in ...

... Many view digital watermarking as a potential solution for copyright protection of valuable digital materials like CD-quality audio, publication-quality ...

... We continue work combining audio or other information bits and images into one file using digital watermarking techniques to correct the ...

In this paper, multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) based novel watermarking scheme of audio signal is proposed. Using this MOGA scheme small size images are embedded efficiently as a digital watermark in the discrete wavelet domain of audio signal. The main advantage of proposed scheme is that it automatically ...

Digital watermarking is a highly evolving field, which involves the embedding of a certain kind of information under a digital object (image, video, audio) for the purpose of copyright protection. Both the image and the watermark are most frequently trans...

Part III of AVS(China Audio and Video Coding Standard) is the first standard for Hi-Fi audio proposed in China and is becoming more popular in some IT industries. For MP3 audio, some efforts have been made to solve the problems such as copyright pirating and malicious modifications by the way of watermarking. But ...

In this letter, we propose new digital audio watermarking methods using interval wavelet decomposition. We develop not only non-blind type method, but also blind one. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods give a watermarked audio clip of better quality and are robust against some attacks.

We propose an error concealment scheme for MPEG-2 compressed (AAC) audio using a novel modulo watermarking technique. It can be used on top of other error control schemes. After the modulo watermark is embedded, an MPEG-2 AAC audio only shows negligible f...

Experimental testing shows that the relative relation in the number of samples among the neighboring bins and the audio frequency centroid are two robust features to the Time Scale Modification (TSM) attacks. Accordingly, an audio watermark algorithm based on frequency centroid and histogram is proposed by modifying the frequency ...

Digital watermarking technique is proposed for copyright protection or ownership identification of digital media, such as audio, image, video, or text. A digital signature or digital watermark is embedded in the host media. The digital watermark is hidden such that it is perceptually and statistically undetectable. ...

One requirement for audio watermarks is that the embedded watermark should be imperceptible and does not alter the audio signal quality. To achieve this goal, existing audio watermarking methods use a power constraint or more sophisticated Human Auditory System (HAS) ...

With the decline in military spending, the United States relies heavily on state side support. Communications has never been more important. High-quality audio and video capabilities are a must. Watermarking, traditionally used for copyright protection, i...

This paper proposes a novel MP3 watermarking method which is applicable to a mobile terminal with limited computational resources. Considering that in most cases the embedded information is copyright information or metadata, which should be extracted before playing back audio contents, the watermark detection process should be executed ...

audio watermarks that do not adhere to speech production models, especially spread spectrum techniques] M. Hatada, T. Sakai, et al., "A study on digital watermarking based on process of speech productionPitch and Duration Modification for Speech Watermarking Mehmet Celik, Gaurav Sharma and A. Murat

In this paper, we analyze the audio signal distortions introduced by pitch-scaling, random cropping and DA/AD conversion, and find a robust feature, average Fourier magnitude over the log-polar frequency index(AFM), which can resist these attacks. Theoretical analysis and extensive experiments demonstrate that AFM is an appropriate embedding region for robust ...

A Watermark is a perceptually unobtrusive signal embedded in an image, an audio or video clip, or any other multimedia asset. Its purpose is to be a label which is holographically attached to the content. Moreover, it can only be removed by malicious and ...

Usually watermark is used as a way for hiding information on digital media. The watermarked information may be used to allow copyright protection or user and media identification. In this paper we propose a watermarking scheme for digital audio signals that allow automatic identification of musical pieces ...

Digital Watermarking plays an important role for copyright protection of multimedia data. This paper proposes a new watermarking system in frequency domain for copyright protection of digital audio. In our proposed watermarking system, the original audio is segmented into non-overlapping ...

For the digital watermarking patchwork algorithm originally given by Bender et al., this paper proposes two improvements applicable to audio watermarking. First, the watermark embedding strength is psychoacoustically adapted, using the Bark frequency scale. Second, whereas previous approaches leave the samples that ...

Watermarking, traditionally used for copyright protection, is used in a new and exciting way. An efficient wavelet-based watermarking technique embeds audio information into a video signal. Several effective compression techniques are applied to compress the resulting audio/video signal in an embedded fashion. This ...

Content-based audio authentication watermarking techniques extract perceptual relevant audio features, which are robustly embedded into the audio file to protect. Manipulations of the audio file are detected on the basis of changes between the original embedded feature information and the anew ...

... We developed theory and methods for optimal ... of digital hosts (images, video, audio). ... data hiding, embedding, watermarking, authentication, covert ...

When transaction watermarking is used to secure sales in online shops by embedding transaction specific watermarks, the major challenge is embedding efficiency: Maximum speed by minimal workload. This is true for all types of media. Video transaction watermarking presents a double challenge. Video files not only are larger than for ...

In the last decade digital watermarking techniques have been devised to answer the ever-growing need to protect the intellectual property of digital still images, video sequences or audio from piracy attacks. Because of the proliferation of watermarking algorithms and their applications some benchmarks have been created in order to ...

In order to improve image encryption strength, an image encryption method based on parasitic audio watermark was proposed in this paper, which relies on double messages such as image domain and speech domain to do image encryption protection. The method utilizes unique Chinese phonetics synthesis algorithm to complete audio synthesis ...

Current systems and protocols based on cryptographic methods for integrity and authenticity verification of media data do not distinguish between legitimate signal transformation and malicious tampering that manipulates the content. Furthermore, they usually provide no localization or assessment of the relevance of such manipulations with respect to human perception or semantics. We present an ...

In continuation to earlier work where the problem of time-scale modification (TSM) has been studied [1] by modifying the shape of audio time domain histogram, here we consider the additional ingredient of resisting additive noise-like operations, such as Gaussian noise, lossy compression and low-pass filtering. In other words, we study the problem of the ...

On October 9, 2003, a redesigned version of the $20 bill went into circulation in the U.S. Among other features, the bill includes watermarks that can be used to verify its authenticity. Traditional watermarking techniques are intended to prevent duplication, and digital watermarks have a similar purpose. They can be embedded into ...

We have proposed a novel audio watermarking technology, which embeds a set of bitstream data by changing two-channel stereo locations of lower frequency components in an embedding target audio signal. This method features nearly lossless embedding, robustness against lossy data compression or analogue conversion, and enables ...

Geometrical transforms such as time-scale modification (TSM), random removal(RR), random duplication(RD), and cropping, are of common operations on audio signals while presents many challenges to robust audio watermarking. The existing algorithms aiming at solving the geometrical distortions have various drawbacks e.g. high false alarm ...

Distribution via Internet is of increasing importance. Easy access, transmission and consumption of digitally represented music is very attractive to the consumer but led also directly to an increasing problem of illegal copying. To cope with this problem watermarking is a promising concept since it provides a useful mechanism to track illicit copies by persistently attaching ...

Digital watermarking has become a widely used security technology in the domain of digital rights management and copyright protection as well as in other applications. In this work, we show recent results regarding a particular security attack: Embedding a new message in a previously watermarked cover using the same key as the original message. This ...

MPEG-4 is an international object-based standard that provides technological basis for digital television, interactive graphics and multimedia applications. These objects can be natural or synthetic e.g. textures, 3D objects, videos or sounds. In this paper we suggest an integrity approach to protect the content of MPEG-4 data. The essential part of this approach is to embed a robust ...

In spread-spectrum watermarking, the watermarked document is obtained from the addition of an attenuated watermark signal to a cover multimedia document. A traditional strategy consists of optimising the detector for a given embedding function. In general, this leads to sub-optimal detection and much improvement can be obtained by ...

The evaluation of digital watermarks has grown into an important research area. The usage of profiles for application oriented evaluation provides an efficient and aimed strategy to evaluate and compare watermarking schemes according to a predefined watermark parameter setting. Based on first evaluations in [5, 16], in this paper, we ...

Wow, or time warping caused by speed fluctuations in analog audio equipment, provides a wealth of applications in watermarking. Very subtle temporal distortion has been used to defeat watermarks, and as components in watermarking systems. In the image domain, the analogous warping of an image's canvas has been used ...

This paper presents a secure (tamper-resistant) algorithm for watermarking images, and a methodology for digital watermarking that may be generalized to audio, video, and multimedia data. We advocate that a watermark should be constructed as an independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Gaussian random vector ...

Abstract � We propose a speech watermarking algorithm based on the modification of the pitch (fundamental frequency) and duration of the quasi-periodic speech segments. Natural variability of these speech features allows watermarking modifications to be imperceptible to the human observer. On the other hand, significance of these features makes the ...

The Moment-Preserving Thresholding technique for digital images has been used in digital image processing for decades, especially in image binarization and image compression. Its main strength lies in that the binary values that the MPT produces as a result, called representative values, are usually unaffected when the signal being thresholded goes through a signal processing operation. The two ...

The Internet has been widely used for the distribution, commercialization and transmission of digital files such as images, audio and video. The growth of network multimedia systems has magnified the need for image copyright protection. In this paper we proposed new method for semi-fragile digital watermarking scheme for image authentication. The ...

Error control coding is applied to the message prior to encoding. Symbol based Reed Solomon (RS) codes the feasibility of the approach, a Java/C++ based copyright protection and authentication environment for digital a Java console actually investigating new spread spectrum techniques for the watermarking of audio

.B. Wolfgang and E.J. Delp. A watermark for digital images. In IEEE Int. Conf. on Image Processing, volume 3 systems has created the need for the copyright pro- tection of various digital medium, e.g., images, audio or invisible structure to an image that can be used to seal or mark it. These structures are known as digital