Financial ties of principal investigators and randomized controlled trial outcomes: cross sectional study.

PubMed

Ahn, Rosa; Woodbridge, Alexandra; Abraham, Ann; Saba, Susan; Korenstein, Deborah; Madden, Erin; Boscardin, W John; Keyhani, Salomeh

2017-01-17

 To examine the association between the presence of individual principal investigators' financial ties to the manufacturer of the study drug and the trial's outcomes after accounting for source of research funding.  Cross sectional study of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).  Studies published in "core clinical" journals, as identified by Medline, between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2013.  Random sample of RCTs focused on drug efficacy.  Association between financial ties of principal investigators and study outcome.  A total of 190 papers describing 195 studies met inclusion criteria. Financial ties between principal investigators and the pharmaceutical industry were present in 132 (67.7%) studies. Of 397 principal investigators, 231 (58%) had financial ties and 166 (42%) did not. Of all principal investigators, 156 (39%) reported advisor/consultancy payments, 81 (20%) reported speakers' fees, 81 (20%) reported unspecified financial ties, 52 (13%) reported honorariums, 52 (13%) reported employee relationships, 52 (13%) reported travel fees, 41 (10%) reported stock ownership, and 20 (5%) reported having a patent related to the study drug. The prevalence of financial ties of principal investigators was 76% (103/136) among positive studies and 49% (29/59) among negative studies. In unadjusted analyses, the presence of a financial tie was associated with a positive study outcome (odds ratio 3.23, 95% confidence interval 1.7 to 6.1). In the primary multivariate analysis, a financial tie was significantly associated with positive RCT outcome after adjustment for the study funding source (odds ratio 3.57 (1.7 to 7.7). The secondary analysis controlled for additional RCT characteristics such as study phase, sample size, country of first authors, specialty, trial registration, study design, type of analysis, comparator, and outcome measure. These characteristics did not appreciably affect the relation between financial ties and study outcomes (odds ratio 3.37, 1

Admitting At-Risk Students into Principal Preparation Programs: Is It Worth the Risk?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Malone, Bobby G.; Nelson, Jacquelyn S.; Nelson, C. Van

This study investigated the situations of at-risk students considered for becoming principals, examining whether it was worth the risk of admitting them into principal preparation programs. Students had undergraduate grade point averages (UGPAs) of at least 2.85 over the last 2 years of the undergraduate program. If they did not meet GPA…

Investigating Roles of Online School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quilici, Sarah B.; Joki, Russell

2012-01-01

This study explores the instructional leadership skills required from online principals, as defined by one state's (Idaho) adaptation of the Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium (ISLLC) standards (1996) as a requirement for professional certification. Specifically, this qualitative study examined six sets of paired online principals and…

Financial ties of principal investigators and randomized controlled trial outcomes: cross sectional study

PubMed Central

Ahn, Rosa; Woodbridge, Alexandra; Abraham, Ann; Saba, Susan; Korenstein, Deborah; Madden, Erin; Boscardin, W John

2017-01-01

Objective To examine the association between the presence of individual principal investigators’ financial ties to the manufacturer of the study drug and the trial’s outcomes after accounting for source of research funding. Design Cross sectional study of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Setting Studies published in “core clinical” journals, as identified by Medline, between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2013. Participants Random sample of RCTs focused on drug efficacy. Main outcome measure Association between financial ties of principal investigators and study outcome. Results A total of 190 papers describing 195 studies met inclusion criteria. Financial ties between principal investigators and the pharmaceutical industry were present in 132 (67.7%) studies. Of 397 principal investigators, 231 (58%) had financial ties and 166 (42%) did not. Of all principal investigators, 156 (39%) reported advisor/consultancy payments, 81 (20%) reported speakers’ fees, 81 (20%) reported unspecified financial ties, 52 (13%) reported honorariums, 52 (13%) reported employee relationships, 52 (13%) reported travel fees, 41 (10%) reported stock ownership, and 20 (5%) reported having a patent related to the study drug. The prevalence of financial ties of principal investigators was 76% (103/136) among positive studies and 49% (29/59) among negative studies. In unadjusted analyses, the presence of a financial tie was associated with a positive study outcome (odds ratio 3.23, 95% confidence interval 1.7 to 6.1). In the primary multivariate analysis, a financial tie was significantly associated with positive RCT outcome after adjustment for the study funding source (odds ratio 3.57 (1.7 to 7.7). The secondary analysis controlled for additional RCT characteristics such as study phase, sample size, country of first authors, specialty, trial registration, study design, type of analysis, comparator, and outcome measure. These characteristics did not appreciably affect the

Developing Principal Instructional Leadership through Collaborative Networking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cone, Mariah Bahar

2010-01-01

This study examines what occurs when principals of urban schools meet together to learn and improve their instructional leadership in collaborative principal networks designed to support, sustain, and provide ongoing principal capacity building. Principal leadership is considered second only to teaching in its ability to improve schools, yet few…

The Principal in Metropolitan Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Erickson, Donald A., Ed.; Reller, Theodore L., Ed.

This collection of articles is designed to help metropolitan school principals meet the challenges of their positions. It is especially concerned with how principals can contribute to effective education for students of markedly heterogenous backgrounds. The authors deal with such issues as the principalship and metropolitan administration, the…

The Middle Grades Principal: A Research Agenda

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bickmore, Dana L.

2016-01-01

Advocates for middle grades education suggest that principals are critical to the implementation of curriculum, instruction, assessment, and organizational structures that meet young adolescent needs. Yet, there is little evidence associating principal practices outlined by middle grades proponents to outcomes or how principals learn the knowledge…

Voyager First Science Meeting

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-10-27

This archival image was released as part of a gallery comparing JPL's past and present, commemorating the 80th anniversary of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory on Oct. 31, 2016. In December 1972, the science steering group for a mission then-known as Mariner Jupiter Saturn 1977 -- later renamed Voyager -- met for the first time at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. They are gathered on the steps in front of the administration building (180). The mission was so named because it was planning to send Mariner-class spacecraft to Jupiter and Saturn. It was renamed Voyager a few months before the launch of the twin spacecraft in August and September 1977. This photo shows principal investigators and team leaders for the science experiments and several others from the project and NASA who attended the first meeting. In the first row: Radio Science Subsystem Team Leader Von Eshleman, Project Scientist Edward Stone, Project Manager Harris (Bud) Schurmeier, Mission Analysis and Engineering Manager Ralph Miles, Magnetometer Principal Investigator Norman Ness, NASA Planetary Program Office Deputy Director Ichtiaque Rasool, Robert Soberman (who was proposed to be the principal investigator of the Particulate Matter Investigation, which was not confirmed) and an unidentified member of the NASA Office of Space Science. In the second row: Infrared Interferometer Spectrometer Principal Investigator Rudolf Hanel, Planetary Radio Astronomy Principal Investigator James Warwick, Ultraviolet and Spectrometer Principal Investigator A. Lyle Broadfoot. In the third row: Low-Energy Charged Particles Principal Investigator Stamatios (Tom) Krimigis, Cosmic Ray Subsystem Principal Investigator Rochus (Robbie) Vogt, NASA Outer Planets Missions Program Manager Warren Keller, Imaging Science Subsystem Team Leader Bradford Smith and Photopolarimeter Principal Investigator Charles Lillie. In the fourth row: Plasma Investigation Principal Investigator Herbert Bridge, Spacecraft

Strengthen Your Principal's Resource Library

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lasky, Beth; Karge, Belinda Dunnick

2009-01-01

How many times do teachers wander into their principal's office for advice, support, guidance, or recommendations, only to find that those books on the shelf are outdated or obsolete? How many times have principals attended individualized education program (IEP) meetings and wished they understood all the new provisions of federal laws? And when…

An Examination of Principal Job Satisfaction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pengilly, Michelle M.

2010-01-01

As education continues to succumb to deficits in budgets and increasingly high levels of student performance to meet the federal and state mandates, the quest to sustain and retain successful principals is imperative. The National Association of School Boards (1999) portrays effective principals as "linchpins" of school improvement and…

Computerization of School Administration: Impact on the Principal's Role--A Case Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Telem, Moshe

2001-01-01

Describes a study at an Israeli high school that investigated changes in the principal's role as the result of the introduction of a school management information system (SMIS). Discusses information handling and flow, interrelations with teachers, accountability, instruction evaluation, supervision, feedback, frequency of meetings, and shared…

Bennett Public Schools Principal Induction Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Ross; Beaudoin, Colleen; Carmona, Ruben; Delahanty, Michael; Gartside, William; Oyedele, Abidemi; Teta, Lynne Mooney

2012-01-01

Ensuring equity in education and academic success for all students requires a highly skilled principal engages others in continually improving the instructional program in order to meet the needs of students. Over the past few years, a number of reports have indicated that the role of principal is becoming more challenging. School districts are…

48 CFR 1852.219-83 - Limitation of the principal investigator-SBIR program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 2006) The primary employment of the principal investigator (PI) shall be with the small business... of the contract. The PI for this contract is (insert name). (End of clause) [71 FR 61688, Oct. 19...

48 CFR 1852.219-83 - Limitation of the principal investigator-SBIR program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...—SBIR Program (OCT 2006) The primary employment of the principal investigator (PI) shall be with the... in the firm-fixed price of the contract. The PI for this contract is (insert name). (End of clause...

48 CFR 1852.219-83 - Limitation of the principal investigator-SBIR program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...—SBIR Program (OCT 2006) The primary employment of the principal investigator (PI) shall be with the... in the firm-fixed price of the contract. The PI for this contract is (insert name). (End of clause...

48 CFR 1852.219-83 - Limitation of the principal investigator-SBIR program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...—SBIR Program (OCT 2006) The primary employment of the principal investigator (PI) shall be with the... in the firm-fixed price of the contract. The PI for this contract is (insert name). (End of clause...

48 CFR 1852.219-83 - Limitation of the principal investigator-SBIR program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...—SBIR Program (OCT 2006) The primary employment of the principal investigator (PI) shall be with the... in the firm-fixed price of the contract. The PI for this contract is (insert name). (End of clause...

Principals: Instructional Leaders to Support All Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kroener, Julienne Patricia

2017-01-01

As principals work towards meeting the educational needs of all students, including students with disabilities, in an inclusive environment it is essential to understand the challenges that may occur throughout this process. This study examined the barriers that exist for principals as instructional leaders when ensuring equitable education for…

An Investigation of Teacher Trust in the Principal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Makiewicz, Monica Kathleen

2011-01-01

The purpose of this work was to understand the concept of trust, its meaning, antecedents, and outcomes as they applied to teacher trust in principals. Since there are very few in-depth studies specifically on trust in a school principal, research on trust from an organizational perspective was consulted. This body of research has numerous and…

Principal Preferences and the Uneven Distribution of Principals across Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Loeb, Susanna; Kalogrides, Demetra; Horng, Eileen Lai

2010-01-01

The authors use longitudinal data from one large school district to investigate the distribution of principals across schools. They find that schools serving many low-income, non-White, and low-achieving students have principals who have less experience and less education and who attended less selective colleges. This distribution of principals is…

An Investigation of the Attitudes of Catholic School Principals towards the Inclusion of Students with Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyle, Michael J.; Hernandez, Claudia M.

2016-01-01

Catholic school principals typically serve as the prime decision-makers in admission and enrollment issues. A key factor in this decision-making can be the principals' perceptions and attitudes about servicing students with disabilities within a Catholic school context. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the attitudes and…

Investigating elementary principals' science beliefs and knowledge and its relationship to students' science outcomes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khan, Uzma Zafar

The aim of this quantitative study was to investigate elementary principals' beliefs about reformed science teaching and learning, science subject matter knowledge, and how these factors relate to fourth grade students' superior science outcomes. Online survey methodology was used for data collection and included a demographic questionnaire and two survey instruments: the K-4 Physical Science Misconceptions Oriented Science Assessment Resources for Teachers (MOSART) and the Beliefs About Reformed Science Teaching and Learning (BARSTL). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to assess the separate and collective contributions of background variables such as principals' personal and school characteristics, principals' science teaching and learning beliefs, and principals' science knowledge on students' superior science outcomes. Mediation analysis was also used to explore whether principals' science knowledge mediated the relationship between their beliefs about science teaching and learning and students' science outcomes. Findings indicated that principals' science beliefs and knowledge do not contribute to predicting students' superior science scores. Fifty-two percent of the variance in percentage of students with superior science scores was explained by school characteristics with free or reduced price lunch and school type as the only significant individual predictors. Furthermore, principals' science knowledge did not mediate the relationship between their science beliefs and students' science outcomes. There was no statistically significant variation among the variables. The data failed to support the proposed mediation model of the study. Implications for future research are discussed.

48 CFR 1852.219-84 - Limitation of the principal investigator-STTR program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...—STTR Program (OCT 2006) (a) The primary employment of the principal investigator (PI) identified in... in the employ of the SBC/Contractor or RI. (b) The PI is considered to be key personnel in the performance of this contract. The SBC/Contractor, whether or not the employer of the PI, shall exercise...

48 CFR 1852.219-84 - Limitation of the principal investigator-STTR program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...—STTR Program (OCT 2006) (a) The primary employment of the principal investigator (PI) identified in... in the employ of the SBC/Contractor or RI. (b) The PI is considered to be key personnel in the performance of this contract. The SBC/Contractor, whether or not the employer of the PI, shall exercise...

48 CFR 1852.219-84 - Limitation of the principal investigator-STTR program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...—STTR Program (OCT 2006) (a) The primary employment of the principal investigator (PI) identified in... in the employ of the SBC/Contractor or RI. (b) The PI is considered to be key personnel in the performance of this contract. The SBC/Contractor, whether or not the employer of the PI, shall exercise...

48 CFR 1852.219-84 - Limitation of the principal investigator-STTR program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...—STTR Program (OCT 2006) (a) The primary employment of the principal investigator (PI) identified in... in the employ of the SBC/Contractor or RI. (b) The PI is considered to be key personnel in the performance of this contract. The SBC/Contractor, whether or not the employer of the PI, shall exercise...

Adolescent Literacy Walk-Through for Principals: A Guide for Instructional Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rissman, Lila M.; Miller, Debra H.; Torgesen, Joseph K.

2009-01-01

The purpose of this "Adolescent Literacy Walk-Through for Principals" ("ALWP") is to help principals monitor and support adolescent literacy instruction in their schools more effectively. To meet the goals of improving adolescent literacy in grades four through twelve, principals must be familiar with what literacy instruction…

An Investigation into Burnout among Mississippi High School Principals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith-Stevenson, Ruthie; Saul, Charles E.

This paper presents findings of a study that analyzed the extent of burnout among Mississippi high school principals. Specifically, it identified the level of burnout among Mississippi high school principals, the relationship between certain demographic variables and burnout, and the relationship between burnout and personality type. The level of…

Principals + Algebra (- Fear) = Instructional Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carver, Cynthia L.

2010-01-01

Recent state legislation in Michigan mandates that all graduating seniors successfully pass algebra I and II. Numerous initiatives have been enacted to help mathematics teachers meet this challenge, yet school principals have had little preparation for the necessary curricular and instructional changes. To address this unmet need, university-based…

Experimental Investigation of Principal Residual Stress and Fatigue Performance for Turned Nickel-Based Superalloy Inconel 718.

PubMed

Hua, Yang; Liu, Zhanqiang

2018-05-24

Residual stresses of turned Inconel 718 surface along its axial and circumferential directions affect the fatigue performance of machined components. However, it has not been clear that the axial and circumferential directions are the principle residual stress direction. The direction of the maximum principal residual stress is crucial for the machined component service life. The present work aims to focuses on determining the direction and magnitude of principal residual stress and investigating its influence on fatigue performance of turned Inconel 718. The turning experimental results show that the principal residual stress magnitude is much higher than surface residual stress. In addition, both the principal residual stress and surface residual stress increase significantly as the feed rate increases. The fatigue test results show that the direction of the maximum principal residual stress increased by 7.4%, while the fatigue life decreased by 39.4%. The maximum principal residual stress magnitude diminished by 17.9%, whereas the fatigue life increased by 83.6%. The maximum principal residual stress has a preponderant influence on fatigue performance as compared to the surface residual stress. The maximum principal residual stress can be considered as a prime indicator for evaluation of the residual stress influence on fatigue performance of turned Inconel 718.

Principals' Perceptions of Collegial Support as a Component of Administrative Inservice.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Daresh, John C.

To address the problem of increasing professional isolation of building administrators, the Principals' Inservice Project helps establish principals' collegial support groups across the nation. The groups are typically composed of 6 to 10 principals who meet at least once each month over a 2-year period. One collegial support group of seven…

Mental Health Program for Sacramento Unified School District Elementary School Principals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, Robert F.

This study reports on the development of a professionally prepared and delivered mental health program addressed to the needs and interests of elementary principals in a California school district. The needs of the principals were identified at a series of meetings with the district's principals association in which 15 program goals were…

Investigating Teachers' Organizational Socialization Levels and Perceptions about Leadership Styles of Their Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kadi, Aysegül

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study is to investigate teachers' organizational socialization levels and perceptions about leadership styles of their principals. Research was conducted with 361 teachers. Research design is determined as survey and correlational. Multi-Factor Leadership Scale originally was developed by Bass (1999) and adapted to Turkish…

A bibliography of planetary geology and geophysics principal investigators and their associates, 1986-1987

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1989-01-01

A compilation is presented of selected bibliographic data relating to recent publications submitted by principal investigators and their associates, supported through NASA's Office of Space Science and Applications, Solar System Exploration Division, Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program

A bibliography of planetary geology and geophysics principal investigators and their associates, 1990-1991

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1991-01-01

A compilation of selected bibliographic data specifically relating to recent publications submitted by principal investigators and their associates, supported through the NASA Office of Space Science and Applications, Solar System Exploration Division, Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program is presented.

Evaluating School Principals. Tips & Tools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown-Sims, Melissa

2010-01-01

With the need to meet a set of higher accountability standards such as Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium (ISLLC) Standards and the AYP benchmarks of the NCLB Act, for example, school principals are faced with the knowledge that they play a vital role in school effectiveness as well as teacher retention, parent participation, and…

7 CFR 3017.995 - Principal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Principal. 3017.995 Section 3017.995 Agriculture... AGRICULTURE GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 3017.995 Principal. Principal means— (a) An officer, director, owner, partner, principal investigator, or other person within a...

29 CFR 1471.995 - Principal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 1471.995 Principal. Principal means— (a) An officer, director, owner, partner, principal investigator, or other person within a participant with management or... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Principal. 1471.995 Section 1471.995 Labor Regulations...

A bibliography of planetary geology principal investigators and their associates, 1976-1978

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1978-01-01

This bibliography cites publications submitted by 484 principal investigators and their associates who were supported through NASA's Office of Space Sciences Planetary Geology Program. Subject classifications include: solar system formation, comets, and asteroids; planetary satellites, planetary interiors, geological and geochemical constraints on planetary evolution; impact crater studies, volcanism, eolian studies, fluvian studies, Mars geological mapping; Mercury geological mapping; planetary cartography; and instrument development and techniques. An author/editor index is provided.

31 CFR 19.995 - Principal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 19.995 Principal. Principal means— (a) An officer, director, owner, partner, principal investigator, or other person within a participant with management or supervisory... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Principal. 19.995 Section 19.995...

22 CFR 1006.995 - Principal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Principal. 1006.995 Section 1006.995 Foreign... § 1006.995 Principal. Principal means— (a) An officer, director, owner, partner, principal investigator, or other person within a participant with management or supervisory responsibilities related to a...

22 CFR 1508.995 - Principal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Principal. 1508.995 Section 1508.995 Foreign...) Definitions § 1508.995 Principal. Principal means— (a) An officer, director, owner, partner, principal investigator, or other person within a participant with management or supervisory responsibilities related to a...

2 CFR 180.995 - Principal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Principal. 180.995 Section 180.995 Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET GOVERNMENTWIDE GUIDANCE FOR GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS... § 180.995 Principal. Principal means— (a) An officer, director, owner, partner, principal investigator...

22 CFR 208.995 - Principal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Principal. 208.995 Section 208.995 Foreign...) Definitions § 208.995 Principal. Principal means— (a) An officer, director, owner, partner, principal investigator, or other person within a participant with management or supervisory responsibilities related to a...

29 CFR 98.995 - Principal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Principal. 98.995 Section 98.995 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 98.995 Principal. Principal means— (a) An officer, director, owner, partner, principal investigator, or other person within a...

34 CFR 85.995 - Principal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Principal. 85.995 Section 85.995 Education Office of...) Definitions § 85.995 Principal. Principal means— (a) An officer, director, owner, partner, principal investigator, or other person within a participant with management or supervisory responsibilities related to a...

An Investigation of Elementary Teachers' and Principals' Perceptions of Teacher Working Conditions and Academic Achievement in North Carolina

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Applewhite, Michael Anthony

2009-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate elementary teachers' and principals' perceptions of working conditions and academic achievement in selected regions in North Carolina public schools. The participants in this study were North Carolina principals and elementary teachers from the north and south central school regions. These educators…

Principals' Leadership Styles and Student Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harnish, David Alan

2012-01-01

Many schools struggle to meet No Child Left Behind's stringent adequate yearly progress standards, although the benchmark has stimulated national creativity and reform. The purpose of this study was to explore teacher perceptions of principals' leadership styles, curriculum reform, and student achievement to ascertain possible factors to improve…

High School Principals in the Vortex: Accountability, Autonomy, and Social Justice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Batsell, Holly

2013-01-01

As schools across Arizona worked to meet NCLB's AYP requirement in 2010-2011, they were also labeled and sanctioned by AZ Learns. This phenomenological study focused on six effective high school principals in two Arizona school districts to ascertain how accountability policies impacted the principals' job responsibilities, autonomy, and ability…

How Does District Principal Evaluation Affect Learning-Centered Principal Leadership? Evidence from Michigan School Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sun, Min; Youngs, Peter

2009-01-01

This study used Hierarchical Multivariate Linear models to investigate relationships between principals' behaviors and district principal evaluation purpose, focus, and assessed leadership activities in 13 school districts in Michigan. The study found that principals were more likely to engage in learning-centered leadership behaviors when the…

Leading Schools through a Generational Lens: Perceptions of Principals' Change Leadership Disaggregated by Principal Generation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kuhn, Matthew Scott

2012-01-01

The purpose of this descriptive quantitative study was to investigate possible differences in school leadership within a change process, as perceived by teachers. Grouped by generation, this study investigated principals' perceptions of change order and that of their teachers, as well as how their teachers perceived their principal's leadership…

Burnout among Iranian school principals.

PubMed

Rashidzadeh, Mohammad Ali

2002-02-01

This study investigated burnout among Iranian school principals. Also, the relationships of sex, years of administration, age, and marital status were considered. The sample were 200 principals (100 men, 100 women) who completed the Friedman School Principal Burnout Scale. Analysis showed principals who completed the scale felt exhausted, aloof, and deprecated. The women scored lower. There were significant correlationships between marital status and years of administration with the scores on burnout.

A bibliography of planetary geology principal investigators and their associates, 1979 - 1980

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lettvin, E. (Compiler); Boyce, J. M. (Compiler)

1980-01-01

This bibliography cites 698 reports and articles published from May 1979 through May 1980 by principal investigators and associates who received support from NASA's Office of Space Science, as part of the Planetary Geology program. Entries are arranged in the following categories: (1) general interest; (2) solar system, asteroids, comets, and satellites; (3) structure, tectonics, and stratigraphy; (4) regolith and volatiles; (5) volcanism; (6) impact craters; (7) Eolian glacial An author index is provided. The bibliography serves as a companion document to NASA TM 81776, "Reports of Planetary Geology Programs, 1979-1980".

Examining the Principal Preparation and Practice Gap

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Gary E.; Papa, Rosemary

2008-01-01

To anticipate the future needs of principal preparation, it is important to understand past efforts to bridge the preparation and practice gap. Decades ago, both the military and corporate industries discovered that classroom training was not meeting their needs for preparing soldiers and business professionals for real-life challenges. So they…

A Study of the Perceptions of Performance Skills of Middle School Principals by Selected Teachers and Principals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meyer, Calvin F.; Van Hoose, John J.

This study investigates hypotheses about differences in the perceptions of middle school principals and teachers concerning those principal performance skills that are practiced and those that should be practiced. A survey instrument consisting of 37 principal performance skills on a five-point Likert-like scale was sent to the principals and…

Leadership, Motivation, and Teamwork Behaviors of Principal Investigator's in Interdisciplinary Teams: A Synthesis of Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adams, Brittany L.; Cain, Holly Reed; Giraud, Vivana; Stedman, Nicole L. P.

2012-01-01

Increased demand, limited resources, knowledge gaps, and seemingly less time to produce results are the challenges facing researchers and others in higher education today. Working together across disciplines is almost a requirement to stay afloat in the competitive arena most principal investigators are finding themselves in. This study sought to…

A Delphi-Based Investigation on Principal Preparedness for Managing School Finance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Christian, Arthur Isaac, III

2017-01-01

Background: Research on principal preparedness for managing school finance is limited. Grounded in theory, principal preparation programs are without practical exercises for leadership readiness on budgets and finance. On its face, this topic is held the most responsible aspect of operations management, but the least studied in school leadership…

Morale for Principals: Does Mentoring Make a Difference?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Felicello, Stacia Patterson

2014-01-01

The current demands placed on administrators, specifically principals, have become progressively more complex due to litigation, pressure from parents, societal changes, internal workplace expectations, and more than ever, mandates levied from state and federal government. Support through mentorship may be one means to help administrators meet the…

Communication Factors as Predictors of Relationship Quality: A National Study of Principals and School Counselors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duslak, Mark; Geier, Brett

2017-01-01

This study examined the effects of meeting frequency, structured meeting times, annual agreements, and demographic variables on school counselor perceptions of their relationship with their building principal. Results of a regression analysis indicated that meeting frequency accounted for 26.7% of the variance in school counselor-reported…

Investigating Elementary Principals' Science Beliefs and Knowledge and Its Relationship to Students' Science Outcomes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Khan, Uzma Zafar

2012-01-01

The aim of this quantitative study was to investigate elementary principals' beliefs about reformed science teaching and learning, science subject matter knowledge, and how these factors relate to fourth grade students' superior science outcomes. Online survey methodology was used for data collection and included a demographic…

Investigation Regarding the Pre-Service Trainings of Primary and Middle School Principals in the United States: The Case of the State of Michigan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gumus, Emine

2015-01-01

The purpose of this research is to determine the requirements of being a school principal and investigate the pre-service trainings of primary and middle school principals in the United States. In accordance with this aim, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 primary and middle school principals from the state of Michigan. In this…

A bibliography of planetary geology principal investigators and their associates, 1982 - 1983

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Plescia, J. B.

1984-01-01

This bibliography cites recent publications by principal investigators and their associates, supported through NASA's Office of Space Science and Applications, Earth and Planetary Exploration Division, Planetary Geology Program. It serves as a companion piece to NASA TM-85127, ""Reports of Planetary Programs, 1982". Entries are listed under the following subject areas: solar system, comets, asteroids, meteorites and small bodies; geologic mapping, geomorphology, and stratigraphy; structure, tectonics, and planetary and satellite evolutions; impact craters; volcanism; fluvial, mass wasting, glacial and preglacial studies; Eolian and Arid climate studies; regolith, volatiles, atmosphere, and climate, radar; remote sensing and photometric studies; and cartography, photogrammetry, geodesy, and altimetry. An author index is provided.

Innovation Management Perceptions of Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bakir, Asli Agiroglu

2016-01-01

This study is aimed to determine the perceptions of principals about innovation management and to investigate whether there is a significant difference in this perception according to various parameters. In the study, descriptive research model is used and universe is consisted from principals who participated in "Acquiring Formation Course…

Perceptions of the Principal Evaluation Process and Performance Criteria: A Qualitative Study of the Challenge of Principal Evaluation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Faginski-Stark, Erica; Casavant, Christopher; Collins, William; McCandless, Jason; Tencza, Marilyn

2012-01-01

Recent federal and state mandates have tasked school systems to move beyond principal evaluation as a bureaucratic function and to re-imagine it as a critical component to improve principal performance and compel school renewal. This qualitative study investigated the district leaders' and principals' perceptions of the performance evaluation…

17th International Microgravity Measurements Group Meeting

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

DeLombard, Richard

1998-01-01

The Seventeenth International Microgravity Measurements Group (MGMG) meeting was held 24-26 March 1998 at the Ohio Aerospace Institute (OAI) in Brook Park, Ohio. This meeting focused on the transition of microgravity science research from the Shuttle, Mir, and free flyers to the International Space Station. The MGMG series of meetings are conducted by the Principal Investigator Microgravity Services project of the Microgravity Science Division at the NASA Lewis Research Center. The MGMG meetings provide a forum for the exchange of information and ideas about the microgravity environment and microgravity acceleration research in the Microgravity Research Program. The meeting had participation from investigators in all areas of microgravity research. The attendees included representatives from: NASA centers; National Space Development Agency of Japan; European Space Agency; Daimler Benz Aerospace AG; Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales; Canadian Space Agency, national research institutions; Universities in U.S., Italy, Germany, and Russia; and commercial companies in the U.S. and Russia. Several agencies presented summaries of the measurement, analysis, and characterization of the microgravity environment of the Shuttle, Mir, and sounding rockets over the past fifteen years. This extensive effort has laid a foundation for pursuing a similar course during future microgravity science experiment operations on the ISS. Future activities of microgravity environment characterization were discussed by several agencies who plan to operate on the ISS.

Planning with Shared Vision: A Project Study Examining the Planning Process of School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

King, Dennis J.

2013-01-01

The process of planning for school principals has become more difficult in recent years because of a shift from simple administrative duties to management duties. Evidence suggests that many school principals lack the resources, training, and guidance to meet and sustain federal planning standards. This problem is important to district…

77 FR 19036 - Advisory Committee for Engineering; Notice of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-29

... NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Advisory Committee for Engineering; Notice of Meeting In accordance... announces the following meeting: Name: Engineering Advisory Committee Meeting, 1170. Date/Time: April 11... engineering programs and activities. Agenda: The principal focus of the meeting on both days will be to...

76 FR 60933 - Advisory Committee for Engineering; Notice of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-30

... NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Advisory Committee for Engineering; Notice of Meeting In accordance... announces the following meeting: Name: Engineering Advisory Committee Meeting, 1170. Date/Time: October 26... engineering programs and activities. Agenda: The principal focus of the meeting on both days will be to...

Preserving Our Ideals: Papers from the 1993 Principals Academy (Washington, D.C., 1993).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Catholic Educational Association, Washington, DC.

This publication contains papers that were presented at an annual meeting of Catholic school principals from across the country. The Academy sought to confront the changes that must be made in Catholic education to meet the needs of this decade and the 21st century. Following the introduction, section 1 contains papers that examine developmentally…

76 FR 17159 - Advisory Committee for Engineering; Notice of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-28

... NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Advisory Committee for Engineering; Notice of Meeting In accordance... announces the following meeting: Name: Advisory Committee for Engineering Meeting, 1170. Date/Time: April 13... engineering programs and activities. Agenda: The principal focus of the meeting on both days will be to...

Principal Investigator and Department Administrator Perceptions of Services Provided by Offices of Research Administration at Research Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cole, Kimberley W.

2010-01-01

The purpose of this research study was to determine what service attributes were perceived as important factors for a successful Office of Research Administration (ORA) to provide to principal investigators and department administrators. Initially established more than 50 years ago, The Office of Research Administration (ORA) has evolved into an…

University Research Consortium annual review meeting program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1996-07-01

This brochure presents the program for the first annual review meeting of the University Research Consortium (URC) of the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL). INEL is a multiprogram laboratory with a distinctive role in applied engineering. It also conducts basic science research and development, and complex facility operations. The URC program consists of a portfolio of research projects funded by INEL and conducted at universities in the United States. In this program, summaries and participant lists for each project are presented as received from the principal investigators.

Principals' Perceptions of School Public Relations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morris, Robert C.; Chan, Tak Cheung; Patterson, Judith

2009-01-01

This study was designed to investigate school principals' perceptions on school public relations in five areas: community demographics, parental involvement, internal and external communications, school council issues, and community resources. Findings indicated that principals' concerns were as follows: rapid population growth, change of…

Principals Judge Teachers by Their Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nixon, Andy; Packard, Abbot; Dam, Margaret

2013-01-01

This quantitative study investigated the relationship between teacher dispositions, subject content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and reasons that school principals recommend non-renewal of probationary teachers' contracts. Principals in the Southeastern Unites States completed an e-mailed survey. Two nonparametric tests,…

Administrative Obstacles to Technology Use in West Virginia Public Schools: A Survey of West Virginia Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Agnew, David W.

2011-01-01

Public school principals must meet many challenges and make decisions concerning financial obligations while providing the best learning environment for students. A major challenge to principals is implementing technological components successfully while providing teachers the 21st century instructional skills needed to enhance students'…

The Baylor Principals' Center: Developing Leadership through Quality Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Estes, Dwain M.; Crowder, David

The Baylor Principals' Center in Waco, Texas, offers programs in the Texas cities of Waco, Corsicana, and Killeen. Advanced instructional leadership training workshops consist of 12 hours of training. Incorporated into the meetings of the instructional leadership sessions are collegial circles made up of from six to eight people assigned in a…

Principal Connection/What Does Your Restroom Say about Your School?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hoerr, Thomas R.

2016-01-01

At a Monday evening monthly meeting of school administrators, discussion ensued about how to improve the administrators' schools. Ideas such as increasing student achievement, energizing teachers, and engaging parents were offered. One principal suggested focus should be turned to the students' restrooms, "because lots of problems emerge…

75 FR 14205 - Engineering Advisory Committee; Notice of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-24

... NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Engineering Advisory Committee; Notice of Meeting In accordance with... following meeting: Name: Advisory Committee for Engineering, 1170. Date/Time: April 14, 2010: 12 p.m. to 6 p... engineering programs and activities. Agenda: The principal focus of the meeting on both days will be to...

75 FR 59296 - Advisory Committee for Engineering; Notice of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-27

... NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Advisory Committee for Engineering; Notice of Meeting In accordance... announces the following meeting: Name: Advisory Committee for Engineering (1170). Date/Time: October 20... pertaining to engineering programs and activities. Agenda: The principal focus of the meeting on both days...

Investigating Principals' Knowledge and Perceptions of Second Language Programs for English Language Learners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Padron, Yolanda N.; Waxman, Hersh C.

2016-01-01

This study examined principals' knowledge and perceptions of second language programs for English language learners (ELLs) operating in their schools. An open-ended survey and in-depth interviews were used to examine elementary school principals' knowledge of the second language programs implemented at their schools. The survey asked principals…

Lessons from implementation of ecohealth projects in Southern Africa: A principal investigator's perspective.

PubMed

Chimbari, Moses John

2017-11-01

Ecohealth projects are designed to garner ownership among all stakeholders, such as researchers, communities, local leadership and policy makers. Ideally, designs should ensure that implementation goes smoothly and that findings from studies benefit the stakeholders, particularly bringing changes to the communities researched. Paradoxically, the process is fraught with challenges associated with implementation. Notwithstanding these challenges, evidence from projects implemented in southern Africa justify the need to invest in the subject of ecohealth. This paper describes and discusses a principal investigator's experience of leading ecohealth projects in Zimbabwe between 2002 and 2005, in Botswana between 2010 and 2014 and in South Africa (ongoing). The discourse is centred on issues of project management and leadership, transdisciplinarity, students' involvement, data management, community engagement, dissemination of research findings and the role of institutions in project management and implementation. The paper concludes that the ecohealth approach is valuable and should be encouraged making the following recommendations; 1) principal investigators must have a good understanding of socio-ecological systems, have excellent project management and writing skills, 2) more than one PI should be involved in the day-to-day running of the project in order to avoid disruption of project activities in the event that the PI leaves the project before it ends, 3) researchers should be trained in ecohealth principles and methodologies at the time of building the research teams, 4) full proposals should be developed with active participation of communities and stakeholders in order to develop a shared vision, 5) involvement of postdoctoral fellows and dedicated researchers with postgraduate students should be encouraged to avoid situations where some objectives are not fully addressed because of the narrow nature of students' work; and 6) citizen science should be

Why Principal Investigators Funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health Publish in the Public Library of Science Journals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pontika, Nancy

2015-01-01

Introduction: The National Institutes of Health public access policy requires the principal investigators of any Institutes-funded research to submit their manuscript to PubMed Central, and the open access publisher Public Library of Science submits all articles to PubMed Central, irrespective of funder. Whether the investigators, who made the…

Teacher Contract Non-Renewal: Southeast and Midwest Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nixon, Andy; Packard, Abbot L; Dam, Margaret

2011-01-01

This quantitative study investigated reasons that school principals recommend non-renewal of probationary teachers' contracts. Principals in the Southeast and Midwest completed an emailed survey. The ordinal nature of the data gathered dictated that comparisons be made between groups using the Mann Whitney U. The study investigated the barriers…

Perceptions of Principal Attributes in the Era of Accountability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mosley, Jahmal I.

2010-01-01

This dissertation investigates Vermont principals' perceptions of leadership attributes linked to the role of the principal. It is guided by four research questions: (1) are there any clusters of participants who sorted the principal leadership attribute items similarly and differently; (2) how are the principal leadership attribute items within…

The Social Intelligence of Principals: Links to Teachers' Continuous Improvement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McQuade, Joan

2013-01-01

Despite multiple efforts to reform 21st education to better meet the needs of all students, school improvement successes have been sporadic and debatable. Research suggests that significant improvement lies within the purview of teachers and principals, and this current research provided the underpinnings for the study. Based on neuroscience…

North Carolina Traditional Public School Principals' Perspectives about Charter Schools: A Qualitative Investigation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eslinger Jones, Amy Susan

2014-01-01

The purpose of this research was to analyze North Carolina traditional public school principals' perspectives about and experiences with charter schools. A history of school choice in America was explored, as well as the changing role of public school principals. This dissertation presented a thorough review of the literature on school choice and…

Tri-Agency Coordination: Challenges and Successes in Creating a Community of Practice among Climate Change Education Principal Investigators funded by NASA, NOAA, and NSF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schoedinger, S. E.; McDougall, C.; Karsten, J. L.; Campbell, D.; Pippin, M. R.; Chambers, L. H.

2013-12-01

The effort needed for comprehensive climate change education is far greater than any one institution, education sector, or even federal agency can handle. Recognizing a need to synergistically combine efforts, NSF, NASA, and NOAA have created a collaborative community of their climate change education principal investigators (PIs) through tri-agency coordination. The goals of this tri-agency collaboration are to leverage existing resources, minimize duplicate efforts, and facilitate communication among this emergent community of scientists and educators. NASA, NOAA, and NSF work together to strategically coordinate and support a portfolio of projects focused on climate literacy and education in formal and informal learning environments. The activities of the tri-agency collaboration, including annual meetings for PIs, a catalog of the agencies collective investments in climate change education and the ongoing development of a nascent common evaluation framework, have created a strong national network for effectively engaging diverse audiences with the principles of climate literacy (see Eos Vol. 92, No. 24, 14 June 2011). Last year, after 3 years of active collaboration, similar programs underway at other U.S. Global Change Research Program agencies: the EPA, National Institutes for Environmental Health Sciences, and USDA, were engaged in the collaboration. And, in an attempt to understand the interests of the private sector in this arena, conversations have begun with private philanthropic organizations. This year, as many of the funded projects are maturing, the PI meeting will have a focus on bringing this community together to create a science-theme based tangible outcome that can move the field of climate change education forward. Additional outcomes from this PI meeting will be presented as well as the challenges that were encountered in bringing together institutions with diverse missions, and approaches developed to ensure all parties feel they

A Qualitative Study Investigating Administrator Perceptions on the Need, Benefits, Challenges, and Areas for Principal Mentoring

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saffle, Elisa

2016-01-01

Structured mentoring programs for new principals are designed to support and enhance their professional abilities. Providing mentoring support for new principals has benefits that extend beyond the novice principal to the mentor, school, and school district. Although the benefits of principal mentoring are established, mentoring of new principals…

Protecting Ideas: Ethical and Legal Considerations When a Grant's Principal Investigator Changes.

PubMed

Koniaris, Leonidas G; Coombs, Mary I; Meslin, Eric M; Zimmers, Teresa A

2016-08-01

Ethical issues related the responsible conduct of research involve questions concerning the rights and obligations of investigators to propose, design, implement, and publish research. When a principal investigator (PI) transfers institutions during a grant cycle, financial and recognition issues need to be addressed to preserve all parties' obligations and best interests in a mutually beneficial way. Although grants often transfer with the PI, sometimes they do not. Maintaining a grant at an institution after the PI leaves does not negate the grantee institution's obligation to recognize the PI's original ideas, contributions, and potential rights to some forms of expression and compensation. Issues include maintaining a role for the PI in determining how to take credit for, share and publish results that involve his or her original ideas. Ascribing proper credit can become a thorny issue. This paper provides a framework for addressing situations and disagreements that may occur when a new PI continues the work after the original PI transfers. Included are suggestions for proactively developing institutional mechanisms that address such issues. Considerations include how to develop solutions that comply with the responsible conduct of research, equitably resolve claims regarding reporting of results, and avoid the possibility of plagiarism.

A Study of NSF Teacher Enhancement Program (TEP) Participants and Principal Investigators: 1984-1989. Volume I: Summary Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abt Associates, Inc., Cambridge, MA.

The National Science Foundation (NSF) supported more than 600 inservice teacher training programs between 1984 and 1989 under its Teacher Enhancement Program (TEP). Two studies were undertaken of TEP: the first was a survey of the 600 Principal Investigators (PIs) who had operated inservice teacher enhancement projects and the second, a survey of…

A Qualitative Study of Three Urban Catholic High Schools: Investigating Parent and Principal Expectations and Realizations of Parental Involvement and the Parent-School Relationship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holyk-Casey, Karen

2012-01-01

This qualitative study investigated parents' and principals' expectations of their roles in the parent-school relationship and how they defined, encouraged, and realized parental involvement within an urban Catholic high school setting. Through pattern analysis and axial coding of the data collected from parents and principal interviews,…

Principal Components Analysis of a JWST NIRSpec Detector Subsystem

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arendt, Richard G.; Fixsen, D. J.; Greenhouse, Matthew A.; Lander, Matthew; Lindler, Don; Loose, Markus; Moseley, S. H.; Mott, D. Brent; Rauscher, Bernard J.; Wen, Yiting;

Principals' Responses to the Teacher Quality Provision of the No Child Left behind Act of 2001

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flynn, Michael Lawrence

2012-01-01

Since the passage of the No Child Left Behind legislation in 2002, principals have been held accountable for fulfilling a segment of it known as the Teacher Quality provision. This study examines how principals with varying levels of capacity to address the problem were either successful or unsuccessful in meeting the mandate using a wide variety…

The Principal's Role in Leading Instructional Change: A Case Study in New Program Adoption

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Breon, Amy

2016-01-01

The noise in generating an agreed upon definition of instructional leadership that extends beyond theory to the practice of principals has been almost deafening in the last few decades. Many emphasize the need for the role of the principal to adapt to meet the demands of leadership that maximizes student achievement, but lack the specificity to…

A Phenomenological Study Investigating Transformative Learning Strategies Implemented by 10 Title I Elementary Principals That Influence Novice Teacher Retention

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fountain, Tara

2014-01-01

The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to investigate transformative learning strategies implemented by 10 Title I elementary principals that influence novice teacher retention. Data were gathered by individual interviews. Data were analyzed using Creswell's (2013) description of qualitative research as a collection of data…

The Effects of Autonomy Gap in Personnel Policy, Principal Leadership and Teachers' Self-Efficacy on Their Organizational Commitment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dou, Diya; Devos, Geert; Valcke, Martin

2016-01-01

School autonomy in personnel policy is important to effective personnel management. With increased autonomy in personnel policy, principals could wield their leadership to improve teachers' organizational commitment. However, little is known about whether the given autonomy in personnel policy meets principals' expectation and whether and how the…

Meeting the Leadership Challenge. Designing Effective Principal Mentor Programs: The Experiences of Six New York City Community School Districts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dukess, Laura F.

Experience has shown that providing instructional, emotional, and managerial support to new principals by giving them experienced, expert principals as mentors can help to a large extent. Over the course of a year, New Visions for Public Schools studied six types of principal mentor programs offered to new and needy principals in six New York City…

Principals' Attitudes toward the Inclusion of Students with Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stith, Angelnet L.

2013-01-01

The quantitative correlation study investigated 50 Virginia's elementary principals' attitudes toward the inclusion of students with disabilities and principals' training, experience, placement decision, and state assessment decision in special education. The data was collected using the modified version of Principal and Inclusion Survey tool.…

What Effective Principals Do to Improve Instruction and Increase Student Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turner, Elizabeth Anne

2013-01-01

The purposes of this mixed method study were to (a) Examine the relationships among principal effectiveness, principal instructional leadership, and student achievement; (b) examine the differences among principal effectiveness, principal instructional leadership and student achievement; and (c) investigate what effective principals do to improve…

Assistant Principals: Their Readiness as Instructional Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Searby, Linda; Browne-Ferrigno, Tricia; Wang, Chih-hsuan

2017-01-01

This article reports findings from a study investigating the capacity of assistant principals to be instructional leaders. Analyses of survey responses yielded four interesting findings: (a) years of experience as a teacher and age had no significance on assistant principals' perceived readiness as an instructional leader; (b) those completing…

The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moore, Berrien, III; Dozier, Jeff; Barron, Eric J.; Batista, Getulio; Brewer, Peter; Grose, William; Harris, Graham; Hartmann, Dennis; Lau, William; Lemarshall, John

1993-01-01

The Payload Advisory Panel of the Investigators Working Group (IWG) for the Earth Observing System (EOS) met 4 to 6 October 1993 in Herndon, Virginia. The Panel, originally composed of the Interdisciplinary Science Principal Investigators, was expanded to include all Principal Investigators and as such is now the IWG itself. The meeting also addressed directly a report from the EOS Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Advisory Panel. The meeting focused on payload issues in the years 2000 to 2005; however, some subjects in the nearer-term, most significantly EOSDIS, were considered. The overarching theme of convergence in Earth observations set a backdrop for the entire meeting. Other themes included: atmospheric chemistry; remote sensing of the global cycles of energy, water, and carbon in EOS; ocean and land-ice altimetry; and the EOSDIS. The Totol Solar Irradiance Monitoring Report and results from the Accelerated Canopy Chemistry Program are included as appendices.

The Principal and Supervision. Elementary Principal Series No. 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Luehe, Bill

The fourth of six volumes in the "Elementary Principal Series," this booklet offers new principals a set of ideas, procedures, and examples associated with effective teacher supervision. The principal-teacher supervisory relationship has changed dramatically over recent years. The principal is no longer an inspector, but a colleague…

The Essence of the Principal Internship: A Phenomenological Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bush, Shawnta M.

2013-01-01

This paper presents a phenomenological investigation of principals' experience as they reflect on the essence of the administration internship, an integral part of school administration preparation programs. Five principals, all within the initial year or two of their first public school principal job, revealed the essence of their internship…

Mentoring for Experienced School Principals: Professional Learning in a Safe Place

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Alison A.

2007-01-01

Mentoring has become increasingly popular during recent years and particularly so in the provision of leadership development, including the mentoring of school principals. In New Zealand, many of these mentoring programmes are developed and funded by central government and are mostly designed to meet the needs of those in their initial years of…

Investigating Best Practice and Effectiveness of Leadership Wisdom among Principals of Excellent Secondary School Malaysia: Perceptions of Senior Assistants

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahmad, Abdul Razaq; Salleh, Mohamad Johdi; Awang, Mohd Mahzan; Mohamad, Nazifah Alwani

2013-01-01

The aim of the current study is to investigate the practices and effectiveness of leadership wisdom among the principals of excellent secondary schools as perceived by the Senior Assistants. This research employed survey approach by using a validated questionnaire. The respondents were 417 Senior Assistants, who were randomly selected from the…

Geographical Distribution of Principals in Israeli Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lebental, Dana M.

2015-01-01

This quantitative investigation focuses on women high school principals at Jewish secular schools throughout Israel. Despite challenges, Israeli women have succeeded in obtaining over half of the principal positions at Jewish secular high schools, but the degree to which there is equal gender access to leadership roles in the school system remains…

Perceived Educational Values of Omani School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Al-Ani, Wajeha Thabit; Al-Harthi, Aisha Salim

2017-01-01

This qualitative study investigated the perceived educational values of Omani school principals. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview form which focused on the core values of school administration as perceived by a sample of 44 school principals; a focus group interview was also held. Data were analysed using Nvivo software. The…

Visible Leading: Principal Academy Connects and Empowers Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hindman, Jennifer; Rozzelle, Jan; Ball, Rachel; Fahey, John

2015-01-01

The School-University Research Network (SURN) Principal Academy at the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia, has a mission to build a leadership development program that increases principals' instructional knowledge and develops mentor principals to sustain the program. The academy is designed to connect and empower principals…

Principals' Concerns Regarding the Implementation of Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dozier Pelfrey, Theresa

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Stages of Concern (SoC) that school principals have toward change and then report participants' behavior relevant to their Level of Use (LoU) of an innovation. An understanding of principals' concerns regarding change suggested a variety of factors that impede educational leaders' implementation of…

Investigation of Transformational and Transactional Leadership Styles of School Principals, and Evaluation of Them in Terms of Educational Administration

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Avci, Ahmet

2015-01-01

The aim of this study is to investigate the transformational and transactional leadership styles of school principals, and to evaluate them in terms of educational administration. Descriptive survey model was used in the research. The data of the research were obtained from a total of 1,117 teachers working in public and private schools subjected…

Perceptions of Online Credentials for School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Richardson, Jayson W.; McLeod, Scott; Dikkers, Amy Garrett

2011-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceptions of human resource directors in the USA about online credentials earned by K-12 school principals and principal candidates. Design/methodology/approach: In this mixed methods study, a survey was sent to a random sample of 500 human resource directors in K-12 school districts…

Teacher and Principal Beliefs about Principal Leadership Behavior

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morris, Mary Beth

2011-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine whether or not there is a difference between teacher and principal beliefs about principal leadership behavior using a 360-degree evaluation tool. The study also examined whether the difference between teacher and principal beliefs was related to the status of a school relative to the state growth target…

Perceived Effectiveness of Principals of Seventh-day Adventist Boarding Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hutchinson, Malcom E., Jr.

2001-01-01

Investigated the effectiveness of Seventh-day Adventist boarding high school principals as perceived by school staff, superintendents, and principals. Survey data indicated that respondents perceived principals to be highly effective in maintenance and integration and moderately effective in adaptation and goal attainment. Respondents' perceptions…

Fit for Purpose? Western Australian Insights into the Efficacy of Principal Preparation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clarke, Simon; Wildy, Helen; Styles, Irene

2011-01-01

Purpose: This paper aims to highlight what principals consider their most severe challenges in the first three years of appointment and the extent to which they believe they were adequately prepared to meet these challenges. Design/methodology/approach: The paper reports on the initial Western Australian findings of a survey developed for Phase…

Principal Selection: A National Study of Selection Criteria and Procedures

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmer, Brandon

2017-01-01

Despite empirical evidence correlating the role of the principal with student achievement, researchers have seldom scrutinized principal selection methods over the past 60 years. This mixed methods study investigated the processes by which school principals are selected. A national sample of top-level school district administrators was used to…

Principal Selection: A National Study of Selection Criteria and Procedures

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmer, Brandon

2016-01-01

Despite empirical evidence correlating the role of the principal with student achievement, researchers have seldom scrutinized principal selection methods over the past 60 years. This mixed methods study investigated the processes by which school principals are selected. A national sample of top-level school district administrators was used to…

Teacher Contract Non-Renewal: What Matters to Principals?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nixon, Andy; Packard, Abbot; Dam, Margaret

2016-01-01

This quantitative study investigated the relationship between teacher dispositions, subject content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and reasons that school principals recommend non-renewal of teachers' contracts. Nearly 2,000 school principals in 13 states completed an emailed survey. In deciding whether to non-renew a teacher contract,…

Principals' Supervision and Evaluation Cycles: Perspectives from Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hvidston, David J.; McKim, Courtney Ann; Mette, Ian M.

2016-01-01

The goals for this quantitative study were to examine principals' perceptions regarding supervision and evaluation within their own evaluations. Three research questions guided the inquiry: (1) What are the perceptions of principals' regarding their own supervision?; (2) What are the perceptions of principals' regarding their own evaluation?; and…

A Phenomenological Narrative Study: Elementary Charter School Principals' Managerial Roles

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cetinkaya, Ahmet

2016-01-01

This study was a phenomenological narrative research investigating the managerial roles of elementary charter school principals. Managerial leadership practices were investigated under three categories personnel management, student management, and finance management. Elementary charter school principals provided positive feedback for having small…

The Relationship of Principal Resiliency to Job Satisfaction and Work Commitment: An Exploratory Study of K-12 Public School Principals in Florida

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pepe, Jason

2011-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate characteristics associated with resilient school leaders. Principals juggle multiple responsibilities and work under increasingly stressful conditions. Despite recent role changes, added job responsibilities, and increased accountability, some principals remain remarkably resilient while working in a…

Unmet needs for analyzing biological big data: A survey of 704 NSF principal investigators.

PubMed

Barone, Lindsay; Williams, Jason; Micklos, David

2017-10-01

In a 2016 survey of 704 National Science Foundation (NSF) Biological Sciences Directorate principal investigators (BIO PIs), nearly 90% indicated they are currently or will soon be analyzing large data sets. BIO PIs considered a range of computational needs important to their work, including high performance computing (HPC), bioinformatics support, multistep workflows, updated analysis software, and the ability to store, share, and publish data. Previous studies in the United States and Canada emphasized infrastructure needs. However, BIO PIs said the most pressing unmet needs are training in data integration, data management, and scaling analyses for HPC-acknowledging that data science skills will be required to build a deeper understanding of life. This portends a growing data knowledge gap in biology and challenges institutions and funding agencies to redouble their support for computational training in biology.

The Vice-Principal Experience as a Preparation for the Principalship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kwan, Paula

2009-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine first the job responsibilities undertaken by vice-principals and second to investigate the respective contribution of each job responsibility in preparing them for the principalship. Because new principals are drawn predominantly from the ranks of vice-principals in Hong Kong, it is important to…

Investigating the Use and Design of Immersive Simulation to Improve Self-Efficacy for Aspiring Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilbert, Kristen A.

2017-01-01

Aim/Purpose: Improving public schools is a focus of federal legislation in the United States with much of the burden placed on principals. However, preparing principals for this task has proven elusive despite many changes in programming by institutions of higher learning. Emerging technologies that rely on augmented and virtual realities are…

Principal Preparedness: Superintendent Perceptions of New Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cray, Martha; Weiler, Spencer C.

2011-01-01

National advocacy groups have undertaken significant efforts to define the performance capacities needed by principals to lead schools in this era of continuous improvement and accountability. There has been little articulation between the core skills essential to new principals and the leadership capacities of experienced peers. This study…

How Principals Use Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Biddle, Bruce J.; Saha, Lawrence J.

2006-01-01

Claims that education research is flawed and that it has little or no impact on school practices have been circulating for at least 75 years, and this chorus of criticism has intensified in the past three decades. Yet the validity of such claims has not been investigated, write Biddle and Saha. The authors interviewed 120 school principals (81 in…

Principal's Experience and Teachers' Satisfaction in Lebanese Secondary Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Theodory, George C.

1981-01-01

Investigates Fiedler's contingency theory regarding the relationship between the years of experience of principals rated as high and low LPC (Least Preferred Coworker) and the satisfaction of teachers in their schools. Subjects were 93 principals and 627 secondary school teachers. (Author/CM)

Setting Instructional Expectations: Patterns of Principal Leadership for Middle School Mathematics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Katterfeld, Karin

2013-01-01

Principal instructional leadership has been found to support improved instruction. However, the methods through which principal leadership influences classroom instruction are less clear. This study investigates how principals' leadership may predict the expectations that mathematics teachers perceive for classroom practice. Results from a…

Trong Bui, NASA Dryden's principal investigator for the aerospike rocket tests, with one of two rockets flown in the first tests.

NASA Image and Video Library

2004-12-09

Trong Bui, NASA Dryden's principal investigator for the aerospike rocket tests, holds the first of two 10-ft. long rockets that were flown at speeds up to Mach 1.5, the first known supersonic tests of rockets with aerospike nozzles. The goals of the flight research project were to obtain aerospike rocket nozzle performance data in flight and to investigate the effects of transonic flow and transient flight conditions on aerospike nozzle performance.

29 CFR 4002.6 - Place of meetings; use of conference call communications equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Place of meetings; use of conference call communications... conference call communications equipment. Meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at the principal... may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors through the use of conference call telephone or...

Unmet needs for analyzing biological big data: A survey of 704 NSF principal investigators

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

In a 2016 survey of 704 National Science Foundation (NSF) Biological Sciences Directorate principal investigators (BIO PIs), nearly 90% indicated they are currently or will soon be analyzing large data sets. BIO PIs considered a range of computational needs important to their work, including high performance computing (HPC), bioinformatics support, multistep workflows, updated analysis software, and the ability to store, share, and publish data. Previous studies in the United States and Canada emphasized infrastructure needs. However, BIO PIs said the most pressing unmet needs are training in data integration, data management, and scaling analyses for HPC—acknowledging that data science skills will be required to build a deeper understanding of life. This portends a growing data knowledge gap in biology and challenges institutions and funding agencies to redouble their support for computational training in biology. PMID:29049281

Leading in the Middle: Leadership Behaviors of Middle Level Principals that Promote Student Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Minus, Eric L.

2010-01-01

This study sought to investigate the relationship between middle school principals' instructional leadership behaviors and student achievement. In particular, this study investigated the specific principal leadership behaviors of middle level principals that promote student achievement in school. A secondary variable for consideration was student…

21 CFR 1404.995 - Principal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Principal. 1404.995 Section 1404.995 Food and Drugs OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT... investigator, or other person within a participant with management or supervisory responsibilities related to a...

The New FE--Maintaining the Balance in Further Education: The New Training Initiative. A Report on the Proceedings of the Meeting of the Association of Vice Principals of Colleges (Birmingham College of Food and Domestic Arts, England, March 19, 1982).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosamond, F. J.

Three reports on further education and a new training initiative in Great Britain are presented, based on a 1982 meeting of the Association of Vice Principals of Colleges, England. In "The New Training Initiative," Graham Kendall considers the philosophy and the development of vocational preparation. Three aspects of the new training…

You're the New Principal? Considering First Steps toward Improvement at Sparrow Middle School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peck, Craig; Clarida, Brian

2016-01-01

In the contemporary context, demands for rapid school turnaround meet the reality of increased principal turnover. Therefore, it is crucial to help aspiring school leaders hone their problem-solving skills. This case provides readers with an opportunity to diagnose issues of concern at a struggling school, and then prescribe several initial…

Secondary School Vice-Principals: Commitment, Challenge, Efficacy and Synchrony

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yu-kwong, Paula Kwan; Walker, Allan

2010-01-01

The study sought to investigate Hong Kong secondary school vice-principals' job facets leading to overall job satisfaction, and to differentiate the satisfaction of vice-principals of different career orientations and gender groups. The findings indicated that there are four main facets of satisfaction, in rank order of influence on overall…

Teacher-Principal Race and Teacher Satisfaction over Time, Region

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Viano, Samantha L.; Hunter, Seth B.

2017-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to replicate prior findings on teacher-principal race congruence and teacher job satisfaction and extend the literature by investigating trends over time and if the relationship between race congruence and teacher job satisfaction differs by principal race and region. Design/methodology/approach: The study…

Investigating Methodological Differences in the Assessment of Dendritic Morphology of Basolateral Amygdala Principal Neurons-A Comparison of Golgi-Cox and Neurobiotin Electroporation Techniques.

PubMed

Klenowski, Paul M; Wright, Sophie E; Mu, Erica W H; Noakes, Peter G; Lavidis, Nickolas A; Bartlett, Selena E; Bellingham, Mark C; Fogarty, Matthew J

2017-12-19

Quantitative assessments of neuronal subtypes in numerous brain regions show large variations in dendritic arbor size. A critical experimental factor is the method used to visualize neurons. We chose to investigate quantitative differences in basolateral amygdala (BLA) principal neuron morphology using two of the most common visualization methods: Golgi-Cox staining and neurobiotin (NB) filling. We show in 8-week-old Wistar rats that NB-filling reveals significantly larger dendritic arbors and different spine densities, compared to Golgi-Cox-stained BLA neurons. Our results demonstrate important differences and provide methodological insights into quantitative disparities of BLA principal neuron morphology reported in the literature.

You're Hired! A Study Investigating Selection Practices for High School Teachers and the High School Principals' Role in Decision-Making

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mulieri, Vincent K.

2010-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate teacher selection practices in public high schools on Long Island, New York. More specifically, this study sought to identify criteria used to guide teacher selection, how the criteria are developed and used within the process, and the role of the principal in teacher selection. This research was…

Great Assistant Principals and the (Great) Principals Who Mentor Them: A Practical Guide

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Carole C.; Berry, Christopher S.

2011-01-01

Written for principals and assistant principals to read and reflect on together, this book describes the most common challenges facing today's assistant principals--and provides practical solutions. Authors Carole Goodman and Christopher Berry examine how principals and assistant principals can develop the kinds of relationships that serve to meet…

Principal Effects in Illinois: A Research Brief. Policy Research: IERC 2011-3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, Bradford R.; Bowers, Alex J.

2011-01-01

This report, the fourth in an IERC series on public school principals in Illinois, summarizes recent research on the characteristics associated with principal effectiveness and examines Illinois data on the relationship between principal characteristics, student proficiency, and teacher qualifications. In order to investigate the relationships…

Relationship between School Principals' Leadership Behaviors and Teachers' Organizational Trust

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kars, Mehmet; Inandi, Yusuf

2018-01-01

Purpose: A comfortable and happy work environment, where all the teachers are sincere and true to each other and sure that what they say and do will not be used against them, is a basic need for a teacher. It is thought that meeting this expectation is up to the feeling of trust, especially in the principal, and then in colleagues and students and…

Principal Recruitment: Assessing Job Pursuit Intentions among Educators Enrolled in Principal Certification Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winter, Paul A.; Rinehart, James S.; Keedy, John L.; Bjork, Lars G.

2007-01-01

A statewide cadre of principal certification students (N = 516) completed a principal job survey and role-played as applicants for a principal position by completing a principal job evaluation instrument. Significant predictors of principal job rating included the following: self-reported capability to do the job, expected satisfaction with work…

Psychiatrists' relationships with industry: the principal-agent problem.

PubMed

Appelbaum, Paul S; Gold, Azgad

2010-01-01

Psychiatrists' relationships with the pharmaceutical and device industries have been a growing focus of attention, with questions raised about the impact of those relationships on prescribing practices, diagnostic criteria, practice guidelines, continuing education, conduct and reporting of research, and patients' and public trust. Indeed, these concerns exist for the medical profession as a whole, with various remedial measures proposed. We suggest that such relationships can be understood as giving rise to a "principal-agent problem," which occurs when an agent (here, a physician) is engaged to advance the interests of another party, the principal (typically a patient), but also faces incentives to promote other interests. Studies suggest that at least some relationships--which include attending industry-sponsored presentations, meeting with marketing representatives, and accepting samples--can alter psychiatrists' and other physicians' behavior in ways that can compromise patients' interests, and that industry-funded research may create bias in the medical literature. These effects are difficult to detect in specific cases, however, because of asymmetries of information and may not be apparent even to physicians themselves. Principal-agent analysis suggests that the possible responses to such problems, including appeals to ethical principles, monitoring behavior, and managing risk-inducing situations, should include consideration of aligning agents' incentives with principals' interests. This type of analysis underscores the similarity of the issues raised by physicians' relationships with industry to problems that arise more generally in society, thus reducing physicians' potential affective responses to these issues and efforts to address them. Finally, such analysis directs attention to the benefits and costs of each alternative, thereby encouraging reliance on evidence as a basis for policy.

Female Traditional Principals and Co-Principals: Experiences of Role Conflict and Job Satisfaction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eckman, Ellen Wexler; Kelber, Sheryl Talcott

2010-01-01

This paper presents a secondary analysis of survey data focusing on role conflict and job satisfaction of 102 female principals. Data were collected from 51 female traditional principals and 51 female co-principals. By examining the traditional and co-principal leadership models as experienced by female principals, this paper addresses the impact…

The Provident Principal.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCall, John R.

This monograph offers leadership approaches for school principals. Discussion applies the business leadership theory of Warren Bennis and Burt Nanus to the role of the principal. Each of the booklet's three parts concludes with discussion questions. Part 1, "Visions and Values for the Provident Principal," demonstrates the importance of…

Interviewing Practices of Principals and the Role That Biases May Have on the Hiring Process

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Redmon, Lisa Ann

2012-01-01

This causal-comparative study examined reported practices by principals when hiring assistant principals. Two hypotheses were under investigation. The first hypothesis was "Principals will hire assistant principals with similar characteristics rather than hire assistant principals with dissimilar characteristics," and the second…

Trends in National Institutes of Health Funding of Principal Investigators in Dermatology Research by Academic Degree and Sex.

PubMed

Cheng, Michelle Y; Sukhov, Andrea; Sultani, Hawa; Kim, Kyoungmi; Maverakis, Emanual

2016-08-01

National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants are becoming increasingly competitive in the academic research arena. Identifying NIH funding disparities is an important step in improving academic diversity. To examine recent NIH funding trends in dermatology. Retrospective study with linear regression analysis and repeated-measures analysis of variance of all NIH grants awarded to departments of dermatology from fiscal year 2009 to 2014. Funding data were exported from the NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools Expenditures and Results. Publication data were drawn from Scopus. All NIH-funded principal investigators in dermatology were categorized by their academic degree and sex. The NIH funding trends were compared by investigator degree (MD, PhD, or MD/PhD) and sex. A total of 1292 NIH-funded grants were awarded to dermatology research from fiscal year 2009 through 2014. Adjusted NIH funding for dermatologic research diminished by 4.6% from $67.3 million in 2009 to $64.2 million in 2014, with a nadir of $58.6 million in 2013. Funding for the NIH's Research Project Grant Program (R01) decreased by 21.0% from $43.9 million to $34.7 million during this period. The dollar amount of NIH funding significantly trended down for investigators with an MD degree by $1.35 million per year from $23.6 million in 2009 to $18.4 million in 2014 (P = .02) while there was no significant change in NIH funding for MD/PhD (from $17.6 million in 2009 to $19.8 million in 2014; P = .44) and PhD investigators (from $26.1 million in 2009 to $25.9 million in 2014; P = .74). Similarly, the total dollar amount of R01 grants awarded to principal investigators with only an MD degree trended down by $1.4 million per year from $13.2 million in 2009 to $6.0 million in 2014 (P < .001). The number of female investigators with NIH grants in dermatology trended down significantly compared with the trend of their male counterparts (from 49 women in 2009 to 43 women in 2014 vs from 84

Isothermal Dendritic Growth Experiment (IDGE) Is the First United States Microgravity Experiment Controlled From the Principal Investigator's University

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Malarik, Diane C.; Glicksman, Martin E.

1997-01-01

The scientific objective of the Isothermal Dendritic Growth Experiment (IDGE) is to test fundamental assumptions about dendritic solidification of molten materials. IDGE is a microgravity materials science experiment using apparatus that was designed, built, tested, and operated by people from the NASA Lewis Research Center. The IDGE experiment was conceived by the principal investigator, Professor Martin E. Glicksman from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York. This experiment was a team effort of civil servants from the NASA Lewis Research Center, contractors from Aerospace Design & Fabrication, Inc. (ADF), and personnel at Rensselaer.

Principals' Perceptions of Public Schools' Professional Development Changes during NCLB

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wieczorek, Douglas

2017-01-01

This study investigated public school principals' reports of professional development implementation at the school level while working in different state- and local-level contexts (state accountability level, geographic locations, socioeconomic status, demographics, and grade levels). I attempted to measure principals' reported changes in levels…

Dangers for Principals and Students When Conducting Investigations of Sexting in Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hachiya, Robert F.

2017-01-01

Cell phones and the use of social media have changed the environment in schools, and principals recognize all too well that new technology is almost always accompanied by new ways to misuse or abuse that technology. The addition of a camera to cell phones has unfortunately been accompanied with the serious problem of "sexting" by youth…

The Networked Principal: Examining Principals' Social Relationships and Transformational Leadership in School and District Networks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moolenaar, Nienke M.; Sleegers, Peter J. C.

2015-01-01

Purpose: While in everyday practice, school leaders are often involved in social relationships with a variety of stakeholders both within and outside their own schools, studies on school leaders' networks often focus either on networks within or outside schools. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which principals occupy…

The professional learning community as perceived by Israeli school superintendents, principals and teachers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schechter, Chen

2012-12-01

A professional learning community (PLC) facilitates collaborative learning among colleagues at all levels in their common working environment. PLCs are particularly useful in schools, with teachers and principals meeting regularly to solve problems relating to teaching and learning. Being a means of improving student achievement, PLCs have received growing support from researchers and practitioners alike, yet some professionals are still exploring ways to develop learning networks focusing on teaching and learning issues. The purpose of this study was to examine Israeli teachers', principals', and superintendents' perceptions of inhibiting and fostering factors of the PLC. In this qualitative, topic-oriented study, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 15 teachers from elementary, middle and secondary schools and their respective principals (15) and superintendents (15). Generating themes was inductive, grounded in the perspectives articulated by participants. The principals and the teachers indicated that overload, a lack of resources and top-down commands were PLC-inhibiting factors. The superintendents saw the principal's leadership style as a main PLC-fostering factor. Understanding how these three echelons in the school system perceive the inhibiting and fostering factors of a PLC could indicate whether and how this collaborative learning process can be nurtured and sustained in schools.

Differentiation of Teachers' and Principals' Engagement in Distributed Leadership According to Their Demographic Characteristics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vlachadi, Maria; Ferla, Maria

2013-01-01

The role of leadership in the educational process has come to the forefront of international research through the establishment of new organizations and the number of studies that have been conducted. New concepts and types of leadership enter the educational arena in order to meet the contemporary needs of principals and students. Styles of…

The Impact of Principal Movement and School Achievement on Principal Salaries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tran, Henry; Buckman, David G.

2017-01-01

This study examines whether principals' movements and school achievement are associated with their salaries. Predictors of principal salaries were examined using three years of panel data. Results from a fixed-effects regression analysis suggest that principals who moved to school leadership positions in other districts leveraged higher salaries…

4th Annual DOE-ERSP PI Meeting: Abstracts

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hazen, Terry C.

2009-03-01

This contains abstracts from the 2009 Annual Environmental Remediation Sciences Program (ERSP) Principal Investigators (PI) Meeting. The ERSP seeks to advance fundamental science to understand, predict, and mitigate the impacts of environmental contamination from past nuclear weapons production and provide a scientific basis for the long-term stewardship of nuclear waste disposal. These ambitious goals cannot be achieved by any one project alone. Therefore, ERSP funds a combination of research programs at the DOE national laboratories, individual projects at universities and federal agencies, and large long(er)-term field site research. Integration of these activities to advance the ERSP goals is a constantmore » challenge, but made significantly simpler by bringing together all funded ERSP researchers once a year to discuss the very latest research results. It is at these meetings where new ideas and/or scientific advancements in support of ERSP goals can be discussed and openly debated among all PIs in the program. The ERSP thrives, in part, on the new ideas, concepts, scientific connections, and collaborations generated as a result of these meetings. The annual PI Meeting is very much a working meeting with three major goals: (1) to provide opportunities for scientific interaction among the ERSP scientists, a critical element for the program; (2) to provide the ERSP program staff with an opportunity to evaluate the progress of each program and project; and (3) to showcase the ERSP to interested parties within DOE and within other federal agencies In addition to program managers from within OBER, there will be representatives from other offices within DOE and other federal agencies in attandance at the meeting.« less

Collaborative Learning from Personal Cases in a Principal Preparation Programme

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaked, Haim; Schechter, Chen; Michalsky, Tova

2018-01-01

Existing preparation programmes for school principals have been widely criticized for failing to prepare their students adequately for their future roles. This study investigated a workshop at a principal preparation programme which focused on collaborative learning from personal real-life cases, exploring its potential contribution to the…

Principal Concerns in Indiana: Focus on Developing Current Principals. Data Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Katherine; DeArmond, Michael

2012-01-01

Common sense and recent research make it clear that successful schools need strong principals. Strong principals help drive school performance in many ways, from shaping a school's mission and culture to hiring, developing, and retaining good teachers. Even so, principals often get short shrift in today's debates about human capital in public…

Principal Experiences of Succession

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steele, Farla Gay

2015-01-01

This multiple case study explored the experiences of school principals and the usefulness of Peters' (2011) succession planning model. Ten purposefully selected principals from varying grade levels were interviewed; none reported a formal succession plan, and all had been assistant principals. The study concluded the assistant principal position…

The Case of the Runaway Meeting

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tuters, Stephanie; Ryan, James

2013-01-01

The case describes the plight of a principal as she attempts to oversee her school's equity/inclusive mandate. Bernice first realizes the strength of the opposition to inclusion at a staff meeting where a couple of vocal teachers are cheered on by the rest of the staff as they voice their dissatisfaction with her suggestion that students…

Setting the Direction: The Role of the Principal in Developing an Effective, Inclusive School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waldron, Nancy L.; McLeskey, James; Redd, Lacy

2011-01-01

Many schools are currently faced with the difficult task of including increasing numbers of students with disabilities and improving academic outcomes for these and other students who struggle to learn academic content. Recent research has shown that the principal is the key to ensuring that a school meets both of these goals and is both inclusive…

The Principal's Role in the Implementation of a Middle School Inclusion Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hedgecock, Dara Jeannene

2012-01-01

Principals must be instructional leaders in their schools in order to adhere to federal, state, and local mandates as well as being able to discern that the programs for students with disabilities are being developed and implemented with fidelity to meet the needs of those students. The transition a school goes through to include students with…

Perceptions of Leadership Behaviors by Female Principals in North Carolina

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McFadden, Cheryl; Maahs-Fladung, Cathy; Beck-Frazier, Susan; Bruckner, Kermit

2009-01-01

This study was designed to investigate whether significant differences exist among the perceptions of leadership behaviors of female principals in North Carolina using Bolman and Deal's (1984) four frames (structural, human resource, political, and symbolic) for analysis. Participants consisted of 1,245 female principals from elementary,middle,…

Learning to Lead: The Professional Development Needs of Assistant Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, James G.; Weaver, Rosa L.

2014-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the professional development needs of assistant principals in the northern Kentucky region in preparation for the launch of the Northern Kentucky Assistant Principals' Network, a unique and innovative program to support their leadership development. Using the Educational Leadership Policy Standards:…

Anti-Bullying Procedures for Schools in Ireland: Principals' Responses and Perceptions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Foody, Mairéad; Murphy, Helena; Downes, Paul; O'Higgins Norman, James

2018-01-01

The role of the principal is imperative in creating a school climate that nurtures differences and equality at the same time. Policy and legislation in Ireland dictates the responsibility of school principals in preventing and intervening in issues relating to bullying. The current research investigates the extent to which principals consider the…

Federal Reform, Principal Evaluation System, or Leadership Style: The Influence of Principal Effectiveness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kindred, Donna Michelle

2017-01-01

The 21st-century job description for school principals requires greater areas of leadership and accountability utilizing student data to improve instruction as mandated by state legislative reforms. The Principal's accountability is measured using the principal evaluation system. The general problem is that many principal evaluation systems are…

Effectiveness Leadership of Principal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kempa, Rudolf; Ulorlo, Marthen; Wenno, Izaak Hendrik

2017-01-01

Effective principal leadership is a leadership that can foster cooperative efforts and maintain an ideal working climate in schools. The purpose of this research is to know the effectiveness leadership of the principal of the 2nd State Junior High School of Ambon, with qualitative approach. Data sources include school principals, vice principals,…

Principal Leadership in New Teacher Induction: Becoming Agents of Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cherian, Finney; Daniel, Yvette

2008-01-01

This small-scale pilot study investigated the role of school principals in the induction of new teachers in Ontario, Canada. Building upon the theoretical framework of Bolman and Deal (2002), as well as interviews, document analysis, and review of extant literature, the following findings were established: (a) Principals expressed that the…

Principals' and Teachers' Perceptions of Efforts by Principals to Improve Teaching and Learning in Turkish Middle Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bellibas, Mehmet Sükrü

2015-01-01

Contemporary research on instructional leadership has largely concerned itself with developing concrete instructional leadership models and investigating the association of such leadership practices with teaching and learning. Yet there is little research on how the internal school community reacts to the notion of principals influencing classroom…

Beginning Teachers' Induction in Chile: The Perspective of Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flores, Catherine

2017-01-01

This case study investigated the role of school principals in the induction of beginning teachers in Copiapó, Chile. Building upon group and individual interviews, and review of extant literature, the following findings were established: (a) principals in this study expect beginning teachers to be fully formed as classroom teachers; (b) principals…

Principals' Perception of Coping Strategies for Retirement in Enugu State

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ejionueme, L. K.; Ugwoke, S. C.; Etonyeaku, E. A. C.; Anyanwu, J. I.

2012-01-01

Retirement is another phase of life. It is neither occupational death nor physical death. This study investigated principals' perception of the strategies to cope with retirement. One research question and one hypothesis guided the study. The sample for the study was 259 principals in Anambra state schools. Questionnaire was the instrument for the…

Aquatic Species Program Review: Proceedings of the March 1983 Principal Investigators Meeting

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1983-06-01

The Aquatic Species Program (ASP) addresses the utilization of plant biomass that naturally occurs in wetland or submerged areas. Processes are being developed through this program to make use of such aquatic species, capitalizing on their inherent capacity for rapid growth as well as their extraordinary chemical compositions.

How Effective Are Indiana's New Principals? Implications for Preparation and Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyland, Lori G.; Lehman, Lynn E.; Sriver, Shawn K.

2015-01-01

This study investigates the performance of Indiana's new principals per the Educational Leadership Constituent Council (ELCC) and the Indiana Content Standards for building-level leader preparation. Using quantitative survey methodology, information was collected from Indiana superintendents regarding the effectiveness of principals who had…

The Relation between Factor Score Estimates, Image Scores, and Principal Component Scores

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Velicer, Wayne F.

1976-01-01

Investigates the relation between factor score estimates, principal component scores, and image scores. The three methods compared are maximum likelihood factor analysis, principal component analysis, and a variant of rescaled image analysis. (RC)

Principal Selection Decisions Made by Teachers: The Influence of Principal Candidate Experience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winter, Paul A.; Jaeger, Mary Grace

2004-01-01

Public school teachers (N = 189) role-played as members of school councils making principal selection decisions by rating simulated candidates for principal vacancies. The independent variables were principal candidate job experience, candidate person characteristics, and teacher school level. The dependent variable was teacher rating of the job…

The School Principal as Change Agent: An Explanatory Case Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McLaughlin, Lisa; Hyle, Adrienne E.

This single-site case study was designed to investigate ways in which a principal considers the individual needs of faculty members when promoting a particular change, as perceived by faculty and staff. Four research questions were addressed: (1) How does a principal create a context for change? (2) Is school culture acknowledged as an integral…

The Scope of Principal Efforts to Improve Instruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

May, Henry; Supovitz, Jonathan A.

2011-01-01

Researchers have used many angles and perspectives to investigate how principals enact instructional leadership in schools. Most research has emphasized the practices of school leaders, although investigations of leadership styles and leadership processes are also present in the literature. In this study, the authors take a different approach by…

77 FR 31368 - Guidance on Meetings With Industry and Investigators on the Research and Development of Tobacco...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-25

... the Research and Development of Tobacco Products'' to the Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug...] Guidance on Meetings With Industry and Investigators on the Research and Development of Tobacco Products... and Investigators on the Research and Development of Tobacco Products.'' This guidance describes FDA's...

An Exploration of How Elementary School Principals Approach the Student Retention Decision Process

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martinez-Hicks, Laura M.

2012-01-01

This is a constructivist grounded theory study investigating how elementary principals approach the student retention decision process in their schools. Twenty-two elementary principals participated in the study using a selective or snowball sampling method. Principals worked in one of three districts in a mid-Atlantic state and had experience as…

High School Principals' Rating of Success in Implementation of 21st Century Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sam, Sonn

2011-01-01

The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate how Rhode Island high school principals rate success in implementing 21st century skills in their schools. Secondly, this study investigated how high school principals rate the influence of implementing of 21st century skills in curriculum and instruction in their schools. The high…

Critical Incident Effects on Principals: Using School Closure as the Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lenarduzzi, Grant P.

2015-01-01

The effect of critical incidents on school principals has been marginally investigated. Principal leadership has many pleasures, but it is often replete with problematic circumstances. The skilled school-based leader requires rationality and diplomacy to manage conflict successfully. This study examined the perceived effects of a critical…

The Relationship of Principal's Leadership Priorities and Teachers' Classroom Management Skills.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Galligan, Betsy J.

Investigating the interaction of a number of complex variables, this study looked at whether the relationship between principal and teacher behavior involved an interaction among salient situational characteristics and principal leadership, as is proposed by the Path-Goal Theory. Specifically, researchers asked whether the relationship between the…

Preservice Principals' Post-Internship Concerns about Becoming a Principal: America and Scotland in Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hines, Mack T., III

2008-01-01

The purpose of this study was to compare American and Scottish preservice principals' post-internship concerns about becoming a principal. The survey findings for this study showed that overall American preservice principals were more concerned about becoming principals than their Scottish preservice counterparts. Based on the groups' discussion…

Elementary School Principal Effectiveness.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cross, Ray

A review of research linking elementary principal "antecedents" (defined as traits), behaviors, school conditions, and student outcomes furnishes few supportable generalizations. The studies relating principal antecedents with behavior and principal antecedents with organizational variables reveals that the trait theory of leadership has…

The Principal and Fiscal Management. Elementary Principal Series No. 6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walters, James K.; Marconnit, George D.

The sixth of six volumes in the "Elementary Principal Series," this booklet is designed to help principals develop sound fiscal management strategies at the building level. The first section reviews Indiana statutory provisions for handling extracurricular and booster group funds. The second section presents guidelines for managing…

Meeting report: a hard look at the state of enamel research

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Klein, Ophir D.; Duverger, Olivier; Shaw, Wendy

Enamel is a principal component of the dentition, and defects in this hard tissue are associated with a wide variety of diseases. To assess the state of the field of enamel research, the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) convened the “Encouraging Novel Amelogenesis Models and Ex vivo cell Lines (ENAMEL) Development” workshop at its Bethesda headquarters on 23 June 2017. Enamel formation involves complex developmental stages and cellular differentiation mechanisms that are summarized in Figure 1. The meeting, which was organized by Jason Wan from NIDCR, had three sessions: model organisms, stem cells/cell lines, and tissues/ 3Dmore » cell culture/organoids. In attendance were investigators interested in enamel from a broad range of disciplines as well as NIDCR leadership and staff. The meeting brought together developmental biologists, cell biologists, human geneticists, materials scientists, and clinical researchers from across the United States to discuss recent progress and future challenges in our understanding of the formation and function of enamel. Lively discussions took place throughout the day, and this meeting report highlights some of the major findings and ideas that emerged during the workshop.« less

Principals' Leadership Network. Focusing on the Image of the Principal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Newby, Cheryl Riggins; Hayden, Hal

2004-01-01

A recent study by The National Association of Elementary School Principals (NAESP), Principals in the Public: Engaging Community Support (2000) found that communication, marketing, public affairs and public relations and engagement activities are now given more time and importance than ever before. According to the study, public support builds…

Virginia Principals' Knowledge of Classroom Assessment and Support of Assessment "for" Learning Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ball, Rachel Previs

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the assessment literacy of Virginia principals and describe how principals with varying levels of assessment literacy integrate assessment leadership practices that support assessment for learning. This study investigated the differences in assessment literacy between elementary and secondary principals…

Factorial and Item-Level Invariance of a Principal Perspectives Survey: German and U.S. Principals.

PubMed

Wang, Chuang; Hancock, Dawson R; Muller, Ulrich

This study examined the factorial and item-level invariance of a survey of principals' job satisfaction and perspectives about reasons and barriers to becoming a principal with a sample of US principals and another sample of German principals. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and differential item functioning (DIF) analysis were employed at the test and item level, respectively. A single group CFA was conducted first, and the model was found to fit the data collected. The factorial invariance between the German and the US principals was tested through three steps: (a) configural invariance; (b) measurement invariance; and (c) structural invariance. The results suggest that the survey is a viable measure of principals' job satisfaction and perspectives about reasons and barriers to becoming a principal because principals from two different cultures shared a similar pattern on all three constructs. The DIF analysis further revealed that 22 out of the 28 items functioned similarly between German and US principals.

Principal Leadership and School Effectiveness: Perspectives from Principals and Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herrera, Robert

2010-01-01

Principal leadership and its effect on student achievement have been well documented over the past two decades. However, the link between the principals' level of engagement in leadership practices and whether their schools met the accountability measure remains unexplored. The purpose of this study was to examine four research questions regarding…

Blending Together, Step by Step: Principal Uses Professional Learning to Combine Two School Cultures into One

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Linda E.; Shafer, Tracy; Kragler, Sherry

2009-01-01

There is no denying that combining two schools, or even opening a new school, is loaded with challenges and frustrations as well as high expectations. Principal Tracy Shafer saw a rural school consolidation as an opportunity to use professional development to create a community focused on student learning, meeting the need for high-quality…

The Impact of Principal Mentoring Programs on the Moral Judgment of School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kiley, Wendi J.

2017-01-01

This research addresses moral decision making and the experience of public school principals. It also explores the possible influence mentoring has on principals' abilities to confront complex decisions when clear ethical choices do not exist. This study incorporates a survey methodology, exploring the relationship between principal mentoring…

Portraits of Principal Practice: Time Allocation and School Principal Work

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sebastian, James; Camburn, Eric M.; Spillane, James P.

2018-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine how school principals in urban settings distributed their time working on critical school functions. We also examined who principals worked with and how their time allocation patterns varied by school contextual characteristics. Research Method/Approach: The study was conducted in an urban school…

Principals' Salaries, 2006-2007

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cooke, Willa D.; Licciardi, Chris

2007-01-01

How do salaries of elementary and middle school principals compare with those of other administrators and classroom teachers? Are increases in salaries of principals keeping pace with increases in salaries of classroom teachers? And how have principals' salaries fared over the years when the cost of living is taken into account? This article…

Public and Private School Principals' Knowledge of Special Education Law

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyd, Marie Nicole

2018-01-01

The purpose of this study is to examine the knowledge of special education law held by public and private school principals as the law pertains to providing the appropriate services to students with disabilities. Numerous studies have investigated public school principals' level of preparation, training, and role within in special education law.…

Invisible Barriers: The Loneliness of School Principals at Turkish Elementary Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Korumaz, Mithat

2016-01-01

School principals fulfil unique and crucial roles, drawing on their respective experience to react to an increasing number of challenges. They must carry out their roles as school leaders within a context highly charged with emotion. The loneliness of principals at schools urgently requires investigation. Limited details can be found in current…

Principal stratification in causal inference.

PubMed

Frangakis, Constantine E; Rubin, Donald B

2002-03-01

Many scientific problems require that treatment comparisons be adjusted for posttreatment variables, but the estimands underlying standard methods are not causal effects. To address this deficiency, we propose a general framework for comparing treatments adjusting for posttreatment variables that yields principal effects based on principal stratification. Principal stratification with respect to a posttreatment variable is a cross-classification of subjects defined by the joint potential values of that posttreatment variable tinder each of the treatments being compared. Principal effects are causal effects within a principal stratum. The key property of principal strata is that they are not affected by treatment assignment and therefore can be used just as any pretreatment covariate. such as age category. As a result, the central property of our principal effects is that they are always causal effects and do not suffer from the complications of standard posttreatment-adjusted estimands. We discuss briefly that such principal causal effects are the link between three recent applications with adjustment for posttreatment variables: (i) treatment noncompliance, (ii) missing outcomes (dropout) following treatment noncompliance. and (iii) censoring by death. We then attack the problem of surrogate or biomarker endpoints, where we show, using principal causal effects, that all current definitions of surrogacy, even when perfectly true, do not generally have the desired interpretation as causal effects of treatment on outcome. We go on to forrmulate estimands based on principal stratification and principal causal effects and show their superiority.

Principals' Salaries, 2005-2006

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Alicia R.

2006-01-01

How do salaries of elementary and middle school principals compare with those of other administrators and classroom teachers? Are increases in salaries of principals keeping pace with increases in salaries of classroom teachers? How have principals' salaries fared over the years when the cost of living is taken into account? To provide answers to…

Principals' Salaries, 2007-2008

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cooke, Willa D.; Licciardi, Chris

2008-01-01

How do salaries of elementary and middle school principals compare with those of other administrators and classroom teachers? Are increases in salaries of principals keeping pace with increases in salaries of classroom teachers? And how have principals' salaries fared over the years when the cost of living is taken into account? There are reliable…

Principal Preparation Program Toolkit

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center for the Study of Education Policy, 2016

2016-01-01

The Center for the Study of Education Policy utilized several grants to develop principal preparation program tools to assist programs in the implementation of the new standards and requirements for the licensure of school principals and assistant principals. Also, with the help of another grant in partnership with several PK-12 school districts,…

Survey to Identify Substandard and Falsified Tablets in Several Asian Countries with Pharmacopeial Quality Control Tests and Principal Component Analysis of Handheld Raman Spectroscopy.

PubMed

Kakio, Tomoko; Nagase, Hitomi; Takaoka, Takashi; Yoshida, Naoko; Hirakawa, Junichi; Macha, Susan; Hiroshima, Takashi; Ikeda, Yukihiro; Tsuboi, Hirohito; Kimura, Kazuko

2018-06-01

The World Health Organization has warned that substandard and falsified medical products (SFs) can harm patients and fail to treat the diseases for which they were intended, and they affect every region of the world, leading to loss of confidence in medicines, health-care providers, and health systems. Therefore, development of analytical procedures to detect SFs is extremely important. In this study, we investigated the quality of pharmaceutical tablets containing the antihypertensive candesartan cilexetil, collected in China, Indonesia, Japan, and Myanmar, using the Japanese pharmacopeial analytical procedures for quality control, together with principal component analysis (PCA) of Raman spectrum obtained with handheld Raman spectrometer. Some samples showed delayed dissolution and failed to meet the pharmacopeial specification, whereas others failed the assay test. These products appeared to be substandard. Principal component analysis showed that all Raman spectra could be explained in terms of two components: the amount of the active pharmaceutical ingredient and the kinds of excipients. Principal component analysis score plot indicated one substandard, and the falsified tablets have similar principal components in Raman spectra, in contrast to authentic products. The locations of samples within the PCA score plot varied according to the source country, suggesting that manufacturers in different countries use different excipients. Our results indicate that the handheld Raman device will be useful for detection of SFs in the field. Principal component analysis of that Raman data clarify the difference in chemical properties between good quality products and SFs that circulate in the Asian market.

The Principal's Survival Guide: Where Do I Start? How Do I Succeed? When Do I Sleep?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kessler, Susan Stone; Snodgrass, April M.; Davis, Andrew T.

2015-01-01

This hands-on school leadership guide for new and veteran principals and administrators offers practical advice for leading a school successfully. Want honest student input? Try texting. Got a group of angry parents? Arrange one-on-one meetings--you'll avoid a mob scene and give each family the attention it deserves. Trying to make a teacher feel…

Effective Principal, Effective School.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lipham, James M.

In summarizing findings on the principal's role in the school, this monograph assumes that the principal is a pivotal figure in the school and is the one who most affects the quality of teacher performance and student achievement. The author concludes that the studies reviewed demonstrate that the principal is a key factor in the success of the…

A Correlation between Trust and Principal Leadership Behaviors in Rural Low Socio-Economical Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Latsch, Nicole

2017-01-01

The climate of school is built by the relationships of the principal and teachers. Relationships between faculty and principals within schools depend on trust for developing a successful school. The researcher investigated if relationships maybe enhanced or deteriorated by the behaviors shown by the principal. The purpose of this correlational…

2nd Annual DOE-ERSP PI Meeting: Abstracts

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hazen, Terry C.

2007-03-14

Welcome to the annual 2007 Environmental Remediation Sciences Program (ERSP) Principal Investigators (PIs) meeting. The purpose of this meeting is to bring together all of the lead PIs and key Co-PIs in the program to share and review the results of funded research from the past year. This meeting allows program managers from the Environmental Remediation Sciences Division (ERSD) within the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) to gauge the progress and significance of the funded research, and it is also an important venue to showcase ERSP research to interested parties within DOE and other invited federal agency representatives.more » Additionally, these meetings should serve as an opportunity for funded PIs to view their research in the context of the entire ERSP portfolio. Past ERSP meetings have been very important venues for detailed discussion of research results among PIs, development of new research ideas, fostering new collaborations and discussion with ERSD program managers on future research efforts and/or initiatives within the program. In short, these meetings are an important resource for both program managers and PIs. There will be only one ERSP PI meeting for 2007. In years past, ERSD has sponsored two PI meetings, one in the spring and a separate meeting in the fall that focused primarily on field research. However, this format tends to insulate laboratory-based research from the field research sponsored in the program and is incompatible with the ERSD view that laboratory-based research should progress towards understanding the relevant processes in natural environments at the field scale. Therefore the agenda for this year's PI meeting is well integrated with both lab-based and field-based projects, to allow for detailed discussion between PIs involved in each area. In the agenda, you will notice a more relaxed format than in years past. This year's meeting spans four days, but is less heavily regimented in terms of oral

Principals and Self-Determination Theory (SDT): What Trends Are Seen in Levels of Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roundy-Harter, Anne

2010-01-01

This study builds upon Deci and Ryan's (1985) Self-Determination Theory (SDT) which states that humans must meet three basic psychological needs for optimal well-being: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore trends in principals' experiences in the areas of autonomy, competence, and relatedness.…

Measuring Principals' Effectiveness: Results from New Jersey's Principal Evaluation Pilot. REL 2015-089

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ross, Christine; Herrmann, Mariesa; Angus, Megan Hague

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to describe the measures used to evaluate principals in New Jersey in the first (pilot) year of the new principal evaluation system and examine three of the statistical properties of the measures: their variation among principals, their year-to-year stability, and the associations between these measures and the…

Transformational Leadership Behaviors in Elementary School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ergle, Barbara

2012-01-01

School leaders face high expectations from society for leadership effectiveness. While it is commonly accepted that leadership practices contribute to school excellence, specific behaviors of effective elementary principals in the local context were not well understood. The purpose of this mixed methods study was to investigate self-reported…

Principals' Sensemaking and Enactment of Teacher Evaluation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rigby, Jessica G.

2015-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to look across six first-year principals to investigate their engagement with and sensemaking of specific messages of instructional leadership around teacher evaluation. Design/methodology/approach: This research project, a cross-case study, was carried out using in-depth qualitative observations and…

Principal Licensure Exams and Future Job Performance: Evidence from the School Leaders Licensure Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grissom, Jason A.; Mitani, Hajime; Blissett, Richard S. L.

2017-01-01

Many states require prospective principals to pass a licensure exam to obtain an administrative license, but we know little about the potential effects of principal licensure exams on the pool of available principals or whether scores predict later job performance. We investigate the most commonly used exam, the School Leaders Licensure Assessment…

A Case Study of Principal Leadership in an Effective Inclusive School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hoppey, David; McLeskey, James

2013-01-01

This investigation examined the role of the principal in school change during the current era of high-stakes accountability. Qualitative methods were used to conduct a case study of one principal who had a record of success in leading school change efforts and developing a model inclusive program in his school. The results of the case study…

Real Principals Listen

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glover, Eric

2007-01-01

Many teachers fear that their chances to influence decisions about their profession are eroding. Principals must change this perception so that teachers feel empowered as school leaders. Drawing on the work of communications consultant William Isaacs, Glover discusses how principals can engage in communication that encourages teacher leadership by…

The Principal Factor

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westerberg, Tim

2016-01-01

If classrooms teachers play the lead role in establishing relationships that help students do their personal best, principals are leaders in creating good school environments for adults. Westerberg, former principal of award-winning Littleton High School in Colorado, shares six principles that help create positive schoolwide relationships. Drawing…

76 FR 30228 - Overseas Schools Advisory Council Notice of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-24

... current education issues in the United States and their impact on American-sponsored overseas schools, and a presentation on the Principals Training Center, which provides continuing education for administrators of American-sponsored overseas schools. Members of the public may attend the meeting and join in...

The Relationship between Principal Leadership Styles and Student Achievement in Elementary Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

May, Natasha K.

2010-01-01

This study investigated the relationship between principal leadership style, school socioeconomic status (SES), and student achievement for 6 elementary schools. Each school's spring 2007 Mississippi Curriculum Test (MCT) scores were used in the areas of Reading, Language, and Mathematics as a measure of student achievement. The principal's…

Hiring Effective Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Callahan, Casey

2017-01-01

This study was conducted to explore how public school superintendents consider the skills, traits, behaviors, and responsibilities of effective school principals in the hiring and assessment of campus principals at high performing schools in Education Service Center Region 15 (ESC Region 15). The participants of the current study (n=42) were the…

78 FR 22225 - Meeting: African Development Foundation, Board of Directors Executive Session Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-15

...;and investigations, committee meetings, agency decisions and rulings, #0;delegations of authority... Executive Session Meeting Meeting: African Development Foundation, Board of Directors Executive Session Meeting Time: Tuesday, April 23, 2013 11:15 a.m. to 2:15 p.m. Place: 1400 Eye Street NW., Suite 1000...

Creating Strong Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mendels, Pamela; Mitgang, Lee D.

2013-01-01

Principals have a substantial effect on the quality of learning in their schools. Likewise, districts have a substantial effect on the quality of their leaders. A growing number of large school districts are focusing on two objectives to strengthen school leadership: (1) building a pipeline of new principals who are ready to tackle the most…

Personality Types of Illinois Elementary Principals in High-Poverty, High-Performing Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hollowell, Daniel R.

2016-01-01

The socio-economic achievement gap is prevalent in schools across the country. There are many high-poverty, high-performing schools that have been successful in closing this achievement gap. This study investigated 30 Illinois elementary school principals from high-poverty, high-achieving schools. Principals were given the Myers-Briggs Type…

The Impact of School Achievement on Principal Recruitment in a Reform Environment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winter, Paul A.; Morgenthal, Jayne R.

One of the most alarming developments confronting public school districts today is the shrinkage of applicant pools for principal vacancies. This study was conducted as an empirical investigation about factors that influence high school principal recruitment in a reform environment. Its objective was to examine the influence of school academic…

Why Teacher Leaders Don't Want to Be Principals: Evidence from Arkansas

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hewitt, Paul M.; Pijanowski, John C.; Denny, George S.

2009-01-01

This study investigates why teachers, identified by their school principal as being leaders or having leadership potential, chose not to become school principals. At a time in which the literature is reporting a shortage of qualified applicants for school administrative positions the identified reasons most cited by teacher leaders include…

Micro-Political Analysis of the Principal Selection in a Taiwanese Elementary School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Hsin-Jen

2013-01-01

This paper aims to investigate the micropolitical actions and strategies employed by the principal in the researched elementary school located in Northern Taiwan. Firstly, the author argues that the mechanism of the principal selection in Taiwan is the product of educational reform affected by policy borrowing. Secondly, drawing on ethnographic…

What Makes a Successful Principal? Incorporating School Principal Background in State and District Policy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pierson, Ashley

2014-01-01

School principals' education and professional experience shape their approach to school leadership and how successful their students will be. However, it is not clear from existing research which aspects of principal education and professional experience are related to student outcomes and principal retention. This dissertation explores aspects of…

Job Satisfaction among Minnesota High School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heyd, Steven DuWayne

2010-01-01

It has been reported the demands of the high school principalship in the United States has deterred qualified candidates from accepting the position. The purpose of this study was to investigate levels of job satisfaction among Minnesota high school principals within a potentially dwindling supply of qualified candidates as reported in other…

An Examination of Principals' Leadership and Its Impact on Early Elementary Grades

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hallissey, Megan

2017-01-01

This exploratory, qualitative multiple-site case study examined principals' expectations of teaching practices and children's learning for early elementary grade levels (K, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd). Specifically, this study investigated principals' understanding of developmentally appropriate practices regarding instructional methods, curriculum…

An Examination of Principal Leadership Styles and Their Influence on School Performance as Measured by Adequate Yearly Progress at Selected Title I Elementary Schools in South Carolina

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Tammy Faith

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine principal leadership styles and their influence on school performance as measured by adequate yearly progress at selected Title I schools in South Carolina. The main focus of the research study was to complete descriptive statistics on principal leadership styles in schools that met or did not meet adequate…

Principals' Response to Change in Schools and Its Effect on School Climate

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Busch, Steve; Johnson, Shirley; Robles-Piña, Rebecca; Slate, John R.

2009-01-01

In this study, the researchers examined principal behaviors related with change in school climate. That is, the manner in which principals managed change within their schools and the impact of these change behaviors on the school climate was investigated. Through use of the Leadership Profile (Johnson, 2003) and the Organizational Health Inventory…

The Micropolitics of School Principals' Decision Making in Nigeria: Principals' Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olayiwola, Shina; Alabi, Kingsley

2015-01-01

This study depicted a micropolitical analysis of school principals' decision making as regards the influence of formal and informal groups on school administrative processes from the point of view of principals. It was based on descriptive survey study of all 24 public secondary schools within Ile-Ife community, Osun State, Nigeria, out of which a…

Improving Conditions for Principal Effectiveness: Policy Implications of Research on Effective Principals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manasse, A. Lorri

This paper reviews principal effectiveness research and suggests measures that might promote effective principalship. The first section discusses principals' behavior patterns and conditions bearing on their effectiveness. Topics examined include role ambiguity, goal setting behavior, leadership and initiative, management behaviors, instructional…

Principal Component and Linkage Analysis of Cardiovascular Risk Traits in the Norfolk Isolate

PubMed Central

Cox, Hannah C.; Bellis, Claire; Lea, Rod A.; Quinlan, Sharon; Hughes, Roger; Dyer, Thomas; Charlesworth, Jac; Blangero, John; Griffiths, Lyn R.

2009-01-01

Objective(s) An individual's risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) is influenced by genetic factors. This study focussed on mapping genetic loci for CVD-risk traits in a unique population isolate derived from Norfolk Island. Methods This investigation focussed on 377 individuals descended from the population founders. Principal component analysis was used to extract orthogonal components from 11 cardiovascular risk traits. Multipoint variance component methods were used to assess genome-wide linkage using SOLAR to the derived factors. A total of 285 of the 377 related individuals were informative for linkage analysis. Results A total of 4 principal components accounting for 83% of the total variance were derived. Principal component 1 was loaded with body size indicators; principal component 2 with body size, cholesterol and triglyceride levels; principal component 3 with the blood pressures; and principal component 4 with LDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol levels. Suggestive evidence of linkage for principal component 2 (h2 = 0.35) was observed on chromosome 5q35 (LOD = 1.85; p = 0.0008). While peak regions on chromosome 10p11.2 (LOD = 1.27; p = 0.005) and 12q13 (LOD = 1.63; p = 0.003) were observed to segregate with principal components 1 (h2 = 0.33) and 4 (h2 = 0.42), respectively. Conclusion(s): This study investigated a number of CVD risk traits in a unique isolated population. Findings support the clustering of CVD risk traits and provide interesting evidence of a region on chromosome 5q35 segregating with weight, waist circumference, HDL-c and total triglyceride levels. PMID:19339786

Can Principals Promote Teacher Development as Evaluators? A Case Study of Principals' Views and Experiences.

PubMed

Kraft, Matthew A; Gilmour, Allison

2016-12-01

New teacher evaluation systems have expanded the role of principals as instructional leaders, but little is known about principals' ability to promote teacher development through the evaluation process. We conducted a case study of principals' perspectives on evaluation and their experiences implementing observation and feedback cycles to better understand whether principals feel as though they are able to promote teacher development as evaluators. We conducted interviews with a stratified random sample of 24 principals in an urban district that recently implemented major reforms to its teacher evaluation system. We analyzed these interviews by drafting thematic summaries, coding interview transcripts, creating data-analytic matrices, and writing analytic memos. We found that the evaluation reforms provided a common framework and language that helped facilitate principals' feedback conversations with teachers. However, we also found that tasking principals with primary responsibility for conducting evaluations resulted in a variety of unintended consequences which undercut the quality of evaluation feedback they provided. We analyze five broad solutions to these challenges: strategically targeting evaluations, reducing operational responsibilities, providing principal training, hiring instructional coaches, and developing peer evaluation systems. The quality of feedback teachers receive through the evaluation process depends critically on the time and training evaluators have to provide individualized and actionable feedback. Districts that task principals with primary responsibility for conducting observation and feedback cycles must attend to the many implementation challenges associated with this approach in order for next-generation evaluation systems to successfully promote teacher development.

5 CFR 919.995 - Principal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Principal. 919.995 Section 919.995 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 919.995 Principal. Principal means— (a) An...

The value of multidisciplinary team meetings within an early pregnancy assessment unit.

PubMed

Bharathan, Rasiah; Farag, Mena; Hayes, Kevin

2016-08-01

This is the first study to ascertain the value of multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings within an early pregnancy assessment unit (EPAU). Our national telephone survey identified that in the United Kingdom, overall 37% of EPAU utilise regular MDT meetings. Secondary and tertiary hospitals are just as likely to hold regular MDT meetings. The participants in our interview study expressed the principal benefits of regular MDT meetings as communication, education and effective stress management. The perceived additional benefits included improved care quality, better patient experience and enhanced team cohesion. During the meetings, at least, one representative from every tier of staffing was present. The caseload of the MDT meeting comprised ectopic pregnancies and pregnancies of unknown location. We propose a number of research studies, which would build on this study. Such efforts will help enhance the effectiveness of the MDT-based EPAU service.

Development and Validation of a Principal Implementation Practices Measure: The Principal Implementation Questionnaire

PubMed Central

Nettles, Stephen M.; Petscher, Yaacov

2015-01-01

Measurement of principal implementation behaviors has proved difficult to researchers in educational leadership due to a lack of consensus on the operational definitions of leadership constructs. The Principal Implementation Questionnaire (PIQ) was developed and validated with the intention of providing clarity in the assessment of principal leadership behaviors in the implementation of effective reading programs. Constructs were operationally defined within the context of the population of interest, with subsequent item writing centered around the constructs. A resulting calibration sample of principals from Florida Reading First schools was used to test the hypothesized measurement model to determine how well the items were described by the proposed factors. Results from LISREL analyses revealed a well-fitted model, based on numerous fit indices. PMID:26366043

Reports on the Interviews with School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

European Educational Research Journal, 2004

2004-01-01

This article presents two reports on the interviews with school principals in Belgium and France. The first report presents the results of interviews with 5 Flemish secondary school leaders. The purpose of the investigation was to gain an explorative insight of their use of and their remarks on the recent initiated systems to provide schools with…

Change Orientations: The Effects of Organizational Climate on Principal, Teacher, and Community Transformation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Page A.; Maika, Sean A.

2008-01-01

This research investigates the openness that teachers and principals have to change--specifically, the openness of the faculty to community pressure for change. Three dimensions of change are examined (teacher, principal, and community), as well as four aspects of organizational climate (institutional vulnerability, collegial leadership,…

Relationship between Leadership Behaviors of High School Principals and Teacher Retention in Texas

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aiken, Debra L.

2010-01-01

The study investigated the relationship between leadership behaviors of high school principals and teacher retention in Texas. A total of 88 Texas high school principals participated in the survey. Leadership behaviors were measured using the Culturally Adapted Leadership for Inspired Business Excellence and Results (CALIBER) Leadership Assessment…

The Future of Principal Evaluation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clifford, Matthew; Ross, Steven

2012-01-01

The need to improve the quality of principal evaluation systems is long overdue. Although states and districts generally require principal evaluations, research and experience tell that many state and district evaluations do not reflect current standards and practices for principals, and that evaluation is not systematically administered. When…

Preparing Principals as Instructional Leaders: Perceptions of University Faculty, Expert Principals, and Expert Teacher Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor Backor, Karen; Gordon, Stephen P.

2015-01-01

Although research has established links between the principal's instructional leadership and student achievement, there is considerable concern in the literature concerning the capacity of principal preparation programs to prepare instructional leaders. This study interviewed educational leadership faculty as well as expert principals and teacher…

Helping Teachers Learn: Principals as Professional Development Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Drago-Severson, Eleanor

2007-01-01

Through qualitative interviews and document analysis, this nationwide study investigated how 25 principals from a sample of public, Catholic, and independent schools with varying financial resources understand the practices they use to support teacher learning. This Spencer grant-funded research illuminates how these leaders understand the…

The Principal and Nurse Perspective on Gaps in Asthma Care and Barriers to Physical Activity in New York City Schools: A Qualitative Study.

PubMed

Cain, Agnieszka; Reznik, Marina

2017-10-01

School officials and nurses play an important role in facilitating asthma management in schools. Little is known about their perspectives on in-school asthma management and barriers to physical activity (PA) at school. The goal of this study is to explore school officials' and nurses' perspectives on asthma care and barriers to PA in children with asthma attending New York City schools. We conducted qualitative, semistructured interviews with 10 principals, 3 assistant principals, and 9 nurses in 10 Bronx, New York elementary schools. Sampling continued until thematic saturation was reached. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded for common themes. The thematic and content review was subsequently used to analyze interview data. Emerging themes were discussed and agreed on by both investigators. Three main categories arose from the analysis: (1) procedures and policies around asthma management in school, (2) barriers to effective medication administration in school, and (3) barriers to PA in children with asthma. Participants identified gaps to in-school asthma management and barriers to PA participation: ineffective ways of identifying students with asthma; lack of written procedures for asthma management; difficulty in meeting the administrative requirements to administer asthma medication; lack of knowledge and training on asthma management for the parents, students, and school staff; parental limitation of children's PA; and schools not meeting the state physical education requirement. Our findings suggest the need for policy reform on asthma management and PA in urban schools and should be considered in the design of future interventions.

Knowing What to Expect: Introducing Preservice Teachers to IEP Meetings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Werts, Margaret Gessler; Mamlin, Nancy; Pogoloff, Susan Mayfield

2002-01-01

More than five million IEP conferences are conducted each year. Despite the number of meetings, many IEPs are not educationally useful or legally correct. A common concern for principals and special education directors hiring new special education teachers is their lack of information concerning IEP development and experience establishing parent…

African-American Female Students and STEM: Principals' Leadership Perspectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sampson, Kristin Morgan

As the U.S. becomes more diverse, school leaders, major corporations, and areas of national defense continue to investigate science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) education issues. African-American female students have historically been underrepresented in STEM fields, yet educational leadership research, examining this population is limited. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore how principals support African-American female students in schools with a STEM program. The Critical Race Theory (CRT)was used as a theoretical framework to highlight the inadequacies to support educational inequalities. The application of the CRT in this study is due to the embedded inequality practices within the educational system, that have resulted in the underrepresentation of African-American female students in STEM. To complement CRT, the transformative leadership model was also utilized to examine the emancipatory leadership practices principals utilized. These theories framed the context of this study by recognizing the need to address how support is actualized to African-American female students in STEM by their principals. A case study approach was an appropriate method to answer the two research questions, 1) How do principals feel they support African-American female students in their STEM programs? and 2) What practices do principals engage in that support underrepresented students in STEM? This approach intended to uncover how a principal leads a multifaceted population of underrepresented students in STEM programs. Two principals of STEM schools, where more than 50% of the population were African-American, were interviewed and observed completing daily operations at community-wide events. The STEM Coordinators and a teacher were also interviewed, and test scores were examined to provide further information about the STEM program, and public records were obtained to analyze the principals' means of communication. I found that principals supported

The Influence Function of Principal Component Analysis by Self-Organizing Rule.

PubMed

Higuchi; Eguchi

1998-07-28

This article is concerned with a neural network approach to principal component analysis (PCA). An algorithm for PCA by the self-organizing rule has been proposed and its robustness observed through the simulation study by Xu and Yuille (1995). In this article, the robustness of the algorithm against outliers is investigated by using the theory of influence function. The influence function of the principal component vector is given in an explicit form. Through this expression, the method is shown to be robust against any directions orthogonal to the principal component vector. In addition, a statistic generated by the self-organizing rule is proposed to assess the influence of data in PCA.

A Study of Middle School Principal Behaviors and Their Impact on Teacher Retention

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Todd

2011-01-01

This dissertation was designed to investigate the causes behind teacher turnover and the connection between principal behavior, teacher working conditions, and rates of teacher turnover. In particular, this study examined behaviors that teachers in three North Carolina middle schools felt their principals displayed that helped encourage them to…

Relationship between Principal Leadership and the Implementation of a Proficiency Based Graduation System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whaley, Michael

2011-01-01

This research study investigated the relationship between high school principals. perceptions of their leadership and the implementation of the Rhode Island diploma system. The study also explored the changing nature of the role of principal in relation to the Proficiency Based Graduation Requirements (PBGR) and leadership skills used by…

Catholic School Principals' Leadership Perspectives in Lebanon: A Case Study of Mount Lebanon

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Younes, Jean Eias

2011-01-01

This qualitative case study investigated the leadership perspectives of 13 Lebanese Catholic school principals and 4 educational leaders in the Governorate of Mount Lebanon via personal interviews, observations, and documents. It focused on whether Catholic school principals are able to act as revolutionary or transformational change agents to…

Triangulating Principal Effectiveness: How Perspectives of Parents, Teachers, and Assistant Principals Identify the Central Importance of Managerial Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grissom, Jason A.; Loeb, Susanna

2011-01-01

While the importance of effective principals is undisputed, few studies have identified specific skills that principals need to promote school success. This study draws on unique data combining survey responses from principals, assistant principals, teachers, and parents with rich administrative data to determine which principal skills correlate…

Some Things Assistant Principals Do.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kealey, Robert J., Comp.

The assistant principal of a Catholic elementary school carries out some of the duties (with the needed authority) of the school principal. How tasks and authority are delegated vary and depend upon the personality of each individual school. Fifteen assistant principals wrote essays relating one of their chief responsibilities to show a wide…

Can Principals Promote Teacher Development as Evaluators? A Case Study of Principals' Views and Experiences

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kraft, Matthew A.; Gilmour, Allison F.

2016-01-01

Purpose: New teacher evaluation systems have expanded the role of principals as instructional leaders, but little is known about principals' ability to promote teacher development through the evaluation process. We conducted a case study of principals' perspectives on evaluation and their experiences implementing observation and feedback cycles to…

Principal Self-Efficacy, Teacher Perceptions of Principal Performance, and Teacher Job Satisfaction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evans, Molly Lynn

2016-01-01

In public schools, the principal's role is of paramount importance in influencing teachers to excel and to keep their job satisfaction high. The self-efficacy of leaders is an important characteristic of leadership, but this issue has not been extensively explored in school principals. Using internet-based questionnaires, this study obtained…

Assessment of Principals' Supervisory Roles for Quality Assurance in Secondary Schools in Ondo State, Nigeria

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ayeni, Adeolu Joshua

2012-01-01

This study identified the nature of principals' supervisory roles and the perceived effectiveness of principals in the supervision of teachers' instructional tasks. Furthermore, it investigated the constraints faced by principals in the performance of supervisory duties in the teaching-learning process. This was with a view to providing…

2 CFR 1532.995 - Principal (EPA supplement to government-wide definition at 2 CFR 180.995).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... transactions include: (a) Principal investigators; (b) Technical or management consultants; (c) Individuals... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Principal (EPA supplement to government-wide... § 1532.995 Principal (EPA supplement to government-wide definition at 2 CFR 180.995). In addition to...

Principal's Time Use and School Effectiveness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horng, Eileen Lai; Klasik, Daniel; Loeb, Susanna

2010-01-01

School principals have complex jobs. To better understand the work lives of principals, this study uses observational time use data for all high school principals in one district. This article examines the relationship between the time principals spent on different types of activities and school outcomes, including student achievement, teacher and…

The Principal as Orchestral Conductor.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Luce, David R.

1992-01-01

A new way of viewing the principal is to think of the principal as an orchestral conductor. Insights gained from this perspective may help in progressing toward more healthy and productive school organizations. Both the conductor and the principal are highly visible by virtue of their positions and function as intermediaries in their respective…

Task Structure as Moderator of College Principals' Leadership Behavior and Their Subordinates' Outcomes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Awan, Riffat-Un-Nisa; Zaidi, Nayyar Raza; Naz, Anjum; Noureen, Ghazala

2011-01-01

This research article intended to investigate the moderating effect of structured task on the relationship of leadership behavior of degree college principals and their subordinates' job satisfaction, job expectancies and acceptance of leader. Data was collected from 640 college faculty members and 170 principals of degree colleges situated in 34…

Attitude of School Principals, Supervisors and Mentees towards Action Research as Reflective Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gobena, Gemechu Abera

2017-01-01

This study was aimed to investigate the attitude of principals, supervisors and mentees towards action research as reflective practices in Postgraduate Diploma in Secondary School Teaching (PGDT). The samples used for this study consisted of 82 mentees, 38 Principals and 26 Supervisors taken from three clustered centres by using stratified random…

Turning Points in the Lives of Two Pioneer Arab Women Principals in Israel

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arar, Khalid Husny; Abu-Rabia-Queder, Sarab

2011-01-01

This study investigates the managerial career development of two Arab women, pioneer principals within the Arab education system in Israel. Using in-depth interviews relating to the characteristics of the different stages leading up to and within their careers as school principals (childhood and academic studies; the struggle to achieve the…

Psychosemantics of Management Strategy Notions by Comprehensive School Principals and Vice Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saparnis, Gintaras; Saparniene, Diana

2006-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of the research is to reveal the psychosemantics of the opinion of school principals and vice principals on the issues of the development of school management. Methodology: From the methodological point of view the research is based on the teaching of the empirical social research about qualitative and quantitative research…

Perspectives on the Principalship: Principal, Teacher, and Student Perceptions of Principal Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Richey, Charles Sean

2016-01-01

The principalship is second only to teachers in its effect on student learning (Leithwood et al., 2004). This study examined and compared the perceptions of principals, teachers, and students regarding the different dimensions of principal leadership. The study took place in a large school district in California's central valley. Focus groups of…

Legal Problems of the Principal.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stern, Ralph D.; And Others

The three talks included here treat aspects of the law--tort liability, student records, and the age of majority--as they relate to the principal. Specifically, the talk on torts deals with the consequences of principal negligence in the event of injuries to students. Assurance is given that a reasonable and prudent principal will have a minimum…

Principals' Perceptions Regarding Their Supervision and Evaluation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hvidston, David J.; Range, Bret G.; McKim, Courtney Ann

2015-01-01

This study examined the perceptions of principals concerning principal evaluation and supervisory feedback. Principals were asked two open-ended questions. Respondents included 82 principals in the Rocky Mountain region. The emerging themes were "Superintendent Performance," "Principal Evaluation Components," "Specific…

Essential Skills for Principals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Terry, Paul M.

1999-01-01

No matter what standards they follow, principals must be skilled team builders, instructional leaders, and visionary risk-takers. There are five emerging roles: historian, cheerleader, lightning rod, landscaper (environmental scanner), and anthropologist. To succeed, principals must be empowered by districts, become authentic leaders, and make…

Principals Who Think Like Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fahey, Kevin

2013-01-01

Being a principal is a complex job, requiring quick, on-the-job learning. But many principals already have deep experience in a role at the very essence of the principalship. They know how to teach. In interviews with principals, Fahey and his colleagues learned that thinking like a teacher was key to their work. Part of thinking the way a teacher…

School Principal: Managing in Public

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lortie, Dan C.

2009-01-01

When we think about school principals, most of us imagine a figure of vague, yet intimidating authority--for an elementary school student, being sent to the principal's office is roughly on par with a trip to Orwell's Room 101. But with "School Principal", Dan C. Lortie aims to change that. Much as he did for teachers with his groundbreaking book…

Successful Principals: Why Some Principals Succeed and Others Struggle When Faced with Innovation and Transformation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prew, Martin

2007-01-01

I explore the role and skills a principal needs to succeed in a transforming South African township school environment. I looked in detail at four principals and schools exposed to innovation. Two were successful in transforming their schools and two were not. The successful principals were able to seize innovations and make them work for the…

Trust Me, Principal, or Burn Out! The Relationship between Principals' Burnout and Trust in Students and Parents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ozer, Niyazi

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the primary school principals' views on trust in students and parents and also, to explore the relationships between principals' levels of professional burnout and their trust in students and parents. To this end, Principal Trust Survey and Friedman Principal Burnout scales were administered on 119…

Good Principals, Good Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adams, Jeanne P.

1999-01-01

A three-county survey of administrative credential students in California found that 26% of respondents serving in administrative positions are considering leaving their jobs; 62% of qualified candidates are staying in the classroom. Solutions to principal overload include hiring more assistant principals and grooming inhouse talent. (MLH)

Albuquerque Principals Have ESP.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weingartner, Carl J.

2001-01-01

In the midnineties, Albuquerque Public Schools developed an Extra Support for Principals initiative-a voluntary support program that respects participants' time constraints and schedules only three activities during the year. Both experienced and mentored principals value the program, which keeps more beginning administrators on the job. (MLH)

First parent-child meetings in international adoptions: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Harf, Aurélie; Skandrani, Sara; Radjack, Rahmeth; Sibeoni, Jordan; Moro, Marie Rose; Revah-Levy, Anne

2013-01-01

International adoptions involve approximately 30,000 children worldwide each year. Nearly all of the adoptive parents travel to the child's country of birth to meet them and bring them home. The objective of this study is to analyze the adoptive parents' account of their first meetings with their child. The study includes 46 parents who adopted one or more children internationally. Each parent participated in a semi-structured interview, focused on these first parent-child meetings. The interviews were analyzed according to a qualitative phenomenological method, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The principal themes that emerged from the analysis of the interviews were: the scene when the child is entrusted to the parents, the discovery of the child's body, and the first parent-child interaction. Within these three principal themes, several subthemes dealt with difficult experiences: moments of solitude and anxiety, shocking images of the children's living conditions, lack of preparation and of information about the child, poor health, parental reactions of rejection, worry about the child's body, aggressive reactions by the child, worry about the child's reactions, and contrast with the expected interaction. Thirty-two interviews included at least one of these subthemes. At the structural level of the discourse; the characteristics of 33 interviews are those described in the literature as significantly more frequent in traumatized than in non-traumatized subjects. These results raise questions about the consequences of difficult, possibly traumatic experiences, at the moment of meeting the child, and they underline the need for work on preparation and prevention before the parents leave on their journey.

First Parent-Child Meetings in International Adoptions: A Qualitative Study

PubMed Central

Harf, Aurélie; Skandrani, Sara; Radjack, Rahmeth; Sibeoni, Jordan

2013-01-01

International adoptions involve approximately 30000 children worldwide each year. Nearly all of the adoptive parents travel to the child's country of birth to meet them and bring them home. The objective of this study is to analyze the adoptive parents' account of their first meetings with their child. The study includes 46 parents who adopted one or more children internationally. Each parent participated in a semi-structured interview, focused on these first parent-child meetings. The interviews were analyzed according to a qualitative phenomenological method, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The principal themes that emerged from the analysis of the interviews were: the scene when the child is entrusted to the parents, the discovery of the child's body, and the first parent-child interaction. Within these three principal themes, several subthemes dealt with difficult experiences: moments of solitude and anxiety, shocking images of the children's living conditions, lack of preparation and of information about the child, poor health, parental reactions of rejection, worry about the child's body, aggressive reactions by the child, worry about the child's reactions, and contrast with the expected interaction. Thirty-two interviews included at least one of these subthemes. At the structural level of the discourse; the characteristics of 33 interviews are those described in the literature as significantly more frequent in traumatized than in non-traumatized subjects. These results raise questions about the consequences of difficult, possibly traumatic experiences, at the moment of meeting the child, and they underline the need for work on preparation and prevention before the parents leave on their journey. PMID:24086500

Beliefs and Behaviors of Two High School Principals in Developing a Sense of School Community for Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Angelle, Pamela S.

2017-01-01

This qualitative study investigated two high school principals' articulation of establishing a sense of community. The principals' narratives, values, beliefs, and behaviors are examined through the lens of community membership, fulfillment of needs, influence, and emotional connections. Findings show that the principals, leading schools with…

21 CFR 312.47 - Meetings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... meetings held near completion of Phase 3 and before submission of a marketing application (“pre-NDA... uses under investigation. (ii) Eligibility for meeting. While the end-of-Phase 2 meeting is designed... Phase 3 tests are made. The scheduling of an end-of-Phase 2 meeting is not, however, intended to delay...

The Relationship between Elementary School Teachers' Perceptions of Principals' Leadership Effectiveness and Teacher Burnout

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Owens, Sallye Applewhite

2013-01-01

Burnout, an ever-present concern in the teaching profession, is arguably related to principals' leadership effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between elementary school teachers' levels of burnout and their perceptions of their principals' leadership effectiveness. Data were gathered using the Maslach Burnout…

Principal Leadership in an Era of Accountability: A Perspective from the Hong Kong Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walker, Allan; Ko, James

2011-01-01

This article presents the findings of a study into the leadership practices of Hong Kong principals working within an environment of increasing accountability. The study set out to investigate the relationships between sets of principal leadership practices and the levels of "alignment," "coherence and structure" and…

Recruitment and Retention of K-12 Public School Principals in a Regional Educational Collaborative in Rhode Island

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gifford, Linda A.

2010-01-01

The primary purpose of this descriptive survey research study was to examine the recruitment and retention practices of K-12 public school principals. The perceptions and attitudes of current principals towards recruitment and retention practices were investigated. The research questions guiding this study examined (a) principals' attitudes…

Principal component regression analysis with SPSS.

PubMed

Liu, R X; Kuang, J; Gong, Q; Hou, X L

2003-06-01

The paper introduces all indices of multicollinearity diagnoses, the basic principle of principal component regression and determination of 'best' equation method. The paper uses an example to describe how to do principal component regression analysis with SPSS 10.0: including all calculating processes of the principal component regression and all operations of linear regression, factor analysis, descriptives, compute variable and bivariate correlations procedures in SPSS 10.0. The principal component regression analysis can be used to overcome disturbance of the multicollinearity. The simplified, speeded up and accurate statistical effect is reached through the principal component regression analysis with SPSS.

Exploring the Impact of Applicants' Gender and Religion on Principals' Screening Decisions for Assistant Principal Applicants

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bon, Susan C.

2009-01-01

In this experimental study, a national random sample of high school principals (stratified by gender) were asked to evaluate hypothetical applicants whose resumes varied by religion (Jewish, Catholic, nondenominational) and gender (male, female) for employment as assistant principals. Results reveal that male principals rate all applicants higher…

Principals as Instructional Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Finkel, Ed

2012-01-01

At some level, principals always have been instructional leaders--but never before has their role been more prominent. First, the accountability movement--No Child Left Behind (NCLB) in particular--thrust principals into the spotlight on academic achievement. Then budget cuts peeled away capacity at both the district and school levels, thinning…

Principals Leadership Styles and Gender Influence on Teachers Morale in Public Secondary Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eboka, Obiajulu Chinyelum

2016-01-01

The study investigated the perception of teachers on the influence of principals' leadership styles and gender on teacher morale. Four research questions and four research hypotheses guided the study. An ex-post facto research design was adopted in the study. Through the simple random sampling technique a total of 72 principals and 2,506 in 72…

An Exploratory Investigation of the Roles and Responsibilities of Elementary and Secondary School Principal Supervisors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spence, Jane W.

2015-01-01

This study explored elementary and secondary versions of a new principal supervisor role in order to determine whether there might be marked differences in the functions and responsibilities at each level. The new iteration of this role, which is becoming increasingly popular in large urban school districts, requires those occupying it not only to…

Principal Evaluations and the Principal Supervisor: Survey Results from the Great City Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Casserly, Michael; Lewis, Sharon; Simon, Candace; Uzzell, Renata; Palacios, Moses

2013-01-01

Principals serve as both instructional and administrative leaders in their schools. Their roles and responsibilities vary from managing school compliance issues to facilitating and assisting teachers with their instructional duties. In order to support principals in public schools, district leaders and others are working to build the kinds of…

The Impact of Technology on High School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hines, Christopher; Edmonson, Stacey; Moore, George W.

2008-01-01

The purpose of this study was (a) to research the impact of electronic communication on the role of the principal and school leaders and (b) to investigate patterns of unanticipated consequences or phenomena that have developed within the organization along with the widespread use of electronic media. Twelve themes were identified and grouped into…

Publication rate of abstracts presented at the 2010 Canadian Ophthalmological Society Annual Meeting.

PubMed

Basilious, Alfred; Benavides Vargas, Ana Maria; Buys, Yvonne M

2017-08-01

To evaluate the publication rate of submitted abstracts accepted for presentation at the 2010 Canadian Ophthalmological Society (COS) Annual Meeting in peer-reviewed journals. A retrospective analysis and literature search of abstracts presented at the 2010 COS Annual Meeting. Abstracts accepted as an oral presentation or poster from the 2010 COS Annual Meeting were tabulated by type of presentation (oral vs poster), subspecialty, study design, number of authors, and principal investigator's institution. A PubMed search was conducted for each abstract by key word, first author, and last author. The year of publication, journal, and impact factor were recorded for identified publications. Publication rate was calculated by type of presentation, subspecialty, study design, number of authors, and institution. A total of 175 abstracts were presented at the 2010 COS Annual Meeting. There were 105 oral (60%) and 70 poster (40%) presentations. The overall publication rate was 45.7%; 49.5% for oral presentations and 40.0% for posters. Cornea (57.6%) and public health (54.5%) had the highest publication rates of all subspecialties. Randomized control trials (71.4%) and cohort studies (70.0%) had higher publication rates than other study designs. Overall, 28.8% of abstracts were published in the Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology. The average impact factor of all publications was 2.73. Of abstracts presented at the 2010 COS Annual Meeting, 45.7% were published within 5 years after the conference. This publication rate is within the upper end of previously reported meeting publication rates for medical societies. Copyright © 2017 Canadian Ophthalmological Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Emotional Expression at Different Managerial Career Stages: Female Principals in Arab Schools in Israel

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arar, Khalid

2017-01-01

This paper examines emotional expression experienced by female principals in the Arab school system in Israel over their managerial careers--role-related emotions that they choose to express or repress before others. I employed narrative methodology, interviewing nine female principals from the Arab school system to investigate expression of…

Leading a Quiet Revolution: Women High School Principals in Traditional Arab Society in Israel

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arar, Khalid; Shapira, Tamar

2012-01-01

This article investigates why very few Arab women persevere to become principals in Arab high schools in Israel. It identifies these trailblazers' distinguishing characteristics through the narratives of two Arab women, high school principals, tracing their transition from teaching to management, describing the intertwining of their personal and…

The New Principal: Now You're Cooking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gomez, Frank; Van Zant, Steve

2006-01-01

In this article, the authors, two experienced principals from two separate districts and mentors for new principals, explain that being a great principal is much the same as being the host of a great dinner party. The following are a few insights and tips-for new principals that can help any host (or principal) find rewards that go far beyond the…

An Investigation of Southwestern Area Principals and the Enactment of Crisis Plans in High Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parker, Kerry L.

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study was to identify what southwestern area high school principals reported as the enactment of school crisis plans as described in the Center for Mental Health in Schools at UCLA (CMHS, 2008), "Resource Aid: Responding to a Crisis at School." The conceptual framework guiding the study was an adaptation of the Crisis…

"Not another meeting!" Are meeting time demands related to employee well-being?

PubMed

Rogelberg, Steven G; Leach, Desmond J; Warr, Peter B; Burnfield, Jennifer L

2006-01-01

Using an interruptions framework, this article proposes and tests a set of hypotheses concerning the relationship of meeting time demands with job attitudes and well-being (JAWB). Two Internet surveys were administered to employees who worked 35 hr or more per week. Study 1 examined prescheduled meetings attended in a typical week (N=676), whereas Study 2 investigated prescheduled meetings attended during the current day (N=304). As proposed, the relationship between meeting time demands and JAWB was moderated by task interdependence, meeting experience quality, and accomplishment striving. However, results were somewhat dependent on the time frame of a study and the operational definition used for meeting time demands. Furthermore, perceived meeting effectiveness was found to have a strong, direct relationship with JAWB. (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved.

The Complexities of Realizing Community: Assistant Principals as Community Leaders in Persistently Low-Achieving Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bukoski, Beth E.; Lewis, Tiffanie C.; Carpenter, Bradley W.; Berry, Matthew S.; Sanders, Kimberly N.

2015-01-01

Meaningful community involvement has been linked to enhancements in student achievement and quality of educational experiences. Assistant principals are positioned to build effective partnerships yet remain understudied in the leadership preparation field. This qualitative study investigated how assistant principals (N = 9) serving historically…

The Relationship between Principals' and Teachers' Self-Efficacy Beliefs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nikolas, Julie Marie

2013-01-01

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between principals' and teachers' self-efficacy beliefs. The study focused on the efficacy beliefs in instructional leadership, instructional strategies, school management, classroom management, and the effect of specific demographics on efficacy beliefs. The study, conducted during…

Renewing the Principal Pipeline

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turnbull, Brenda J.

2015-01-01

The work principals do has always mattered, but as the demands of the job increase, it matters even more. Perhaps once they could maintain safety and order and call it a day, but no longer. Successful principals today must also lead instruction and nurture a productive learning community for students, teachers, and staff. They set the tone for the…

Perceptions of Beginning Public School Principals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lyons, James E.

1993-01-01

Summarizes a study to determine principal's perceptions of their competency in primary responsibility areas and their greatest challenges and frustrations. Beginning principals are challenged by delegating responsibilities and becoming familiar with the principal's role, the local school, and school operations. Their major frustrations are role…

An Analysis of How the Gender and Race of School Principals Influences Their Perceptions of Multicultural Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCray, Carlos R.; Beachum, Floyd D.

2010-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate secondary school principals' perceptions of multicultural education in a rural southeastern state. The researchers wanted to ascertain whether or not the race or gender of school principals have a role in how those principals view multicultural education in theory (its theoretical value). For the…

Research in rock deformation: Report of the Second Rock Deformation Colloquium, 1989 AGU Spring Meeting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Green, Harry

In response to the considerable interest expressed at the first Rock Deformation Colloquium held at the Fall 1988 AGU meeting in San Francisco, a second dinner meeting was held on Monday evening, May 8, 1989, at the Omni Hotel in Baltimore. The principal business items were a report by Steve Kirby (U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, Calif.) concerning the meeting the previous day of the rock deformation steering committee and an after dinner presentation by Steve Freiman of the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Gaithersburg, Md., entitled “The Environmental Effects on Subcritical Crack Growth.” Kirby reported that a technical committee for rock deformation has been established within the Tectonophysics Section of AGU; the steering committee will attempt to establish constructive working relations with allied societies and disciplines, such as ceramics, metallurgy, materials science, structural geology, and surface science. Brian Evans of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Terry Tullis of Brown University in Providence, R.I., and Harry Green of the University of California at Davis agreed to be a subcommittee to propose a name for the technical committee, for discussion at the next steering committee meeting to be held before the 1989 Fall AGU meeting. Green also agreed to investigate the possibility of convening a special session at the Fall Meeting on the nature and mechanism of deep-focus earthquakes. (The session is Deep Slab Deformation and Faulting, T21B and T22A, organized by Harry and Ken Creager of the University of Washington, Seattle; it will be all day on Tuesday, December 5.)

The Daily Lives of Principals: Twenty-One Principals in the 21st Century

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

West, Deborah Lynn

2010-01-01

This is a qualitative dissertation study about the daily work lives of 21 school principals from 10 states across the nation. The study tells the story of the principals' work lives by featuring their voices. Since the inception of No Child Left Behind (NCLB), the principalship has become a position with increased responsibilities and restricted…

Andragogical Practices of School Principals in Developing the Leadership Capacities of Assistant Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McDaniel, Luther

2017-01-01

The purpose of this mixed methods study was to assess school principals' perspectives of the extent to which they apply the principles of andragogy to the professional development of assistant principals in their schools. This study was conducted in school districts that constitute a RESA area in a southeastern state. The schools in these…

Principal Sensemaking of Inclusion: A Multi-Case Study of Five Urban School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeMatthews, David Edward

2012-01-01

This study examined how five principals working in one urban school district made sense of inclusion. I employed a multi-case study guided by the theoretical framework of sensemaking. Weick's sensemaking theory was useful in examining the way principals made sense of inclusion. Each of the seven characteristics of Weick's sensemaking…

U.S. ocean acidification researchers: First national meeting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cooley, Sarah R.; Kleypas, Joan; Benway, Heather

2011-09-01

Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry Program Ocean Acidification Principal Investigators' Meeting; Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 22-24 March 2011 ; Ocean acidification (OA) is the progressive decrease in seawater pH and change in inorganic carbon chemistry caused by uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2). Marine species respond to OA in multiple ways that could profoundly alter ocean ecosystems and the goods and services they provide to human communities. With major support from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) and additional support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Naval Postgraduate School, and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) Project Office and Ocean Acidification Subcommittee (http://www.us-ocb.org/about/subcommittees.html) held the first multidisciplinary workshop for U.S. OA researchers at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The 112 attendees included ecologists, paleoceanographers, instrumentation specialists, chemists, biologists, economists, ocean and ecosystem modelers, and communications specialists.

Directly reconstructing principal components of heterogeneous particles from cryo-EM images.

PubMed

Tagare, Hemant D; Kucukelbir, Alp; Sigworth, Fred J; Wang, Hongwei; Rao, Murali

2015-08-01

Structural heterogeneity of particles can be investigated by their three-dimensional principal components. This paper addresses the question of whether, and with what algorithm, the three-dimensional principal components can be directly recovered from cryo-EM images. The first part of the paper extends the Fourier slice theorem to covariance functions showing that the three-dimensional covariance, and hence the principal components, of a heterogeneous particle can indeed be recovered from two-dimensional cryo-EM images. The second part of the paper proposes a practical algorithm for reconstructing the principal components directly from cryo-EM images without the intermediate step of calculating covariances. This algorithm is based on maximizing the posterior likelihood using the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. The last part of the paper applies this algorithm to simulated data and to two real cryo-EM data sets: a data set of the 70S ribosome with and without Elongation Factor-G (EF-G), and a data set of the influenza virus RNA dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRP). The first principal component of the 70S ribosome data set reveals the expected conformational changes of the ribosome as the EF-G binds and unbinds. The first principal component of the RdRP data set reveals a conformational change in the two dimers of the RdRP. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Directly Reconstructing Principal Components of Heterogeneous Particles from Cryo-EM Images

PubMed Central

Tagare, Hemant D.; Kucukelbir, Alp; Sigworth, Fred J.; Wang, Hongwei; Rao, Murali

2015-01-01

Structural heterogeneity of particles can be investigated by their three-dimensional principal components. This paper addresses the question of whether, and with what algorithm, the three-dimensional principal components can be directly recovered from cryo-EM images. The first part of the paper extends the Fourier slice theorem to covariance functions showing that the three-dimensional covariance, and hence the principal components, of a heterogeneous particle can indeed be recovered from two-dimensional cryo-EM images. The second part of the paper proposes a practical algorithm for reconstructing the principal components directly from cryo-EM images without the intermediate step of calculating covariances. This algorithm is based on maximizing the (posterior) likelihood using the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. The last part of the paper applies this algorithm to simulated data and to two real cryo-EM data sets: a data set of the 70S ribosome with and without Elongation Factor-G (EF-G), and a data set of the inluenza virus RNA dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRP). The first principal component of the 70S ribosome data set reveals the expected conformational changes of the ribosome as the EF-G binds and unbinds. The first principal component of the RdRP data set reveals a conformational change in the two dimers of the RdRP. PMID:26049077

41 CFR 105-68.995 - Principal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Principal. 105-68.995 Section 105-68.995 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management Regulations System...-GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 105-68.995 Principal. Principal means— (a...

Personality and Resilience Characteristics of Greek Primary School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lazaridou, Angeliki; Beka, Apostolia

2015-01-01

The research reported here investigated the personality traits and resilience that a sample of Greek school principals displayed. It probed also for differences associated with sex, age and years of service in the current leadership position, as well as relationships between personality characteristics and resilience strengths. To investigate…

Principal-Counselor Collaboration and School Climate

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rock, Wendy D.; Remley, Theodore P.; Range, Lillian M.

2017-01-01

Examining whether principal-counselor collaboration and school climate were related, researchers sent 4,193 surveys to high school counselors in the United States and received 419 responses. As principal-counselor collaboration increased, there were increases in counselors viewing the principal as supportive, the teachers as regarding one another…

Examining Principals Espoused Beliefs and Actions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brackins, Lakesha L.

2012-01-01

This quantitative study examined the relationship between principals' espoused beliefs and their actions as educational leaders. Principals in the state of Alabama were invited to participate in the study. A researcher created survey was used to determine if the principals' self-reported instructional and transformational actions were related to…

Teacher Supervision Practices and Principals' Characteristics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

April, Daniel; Bouchamma, Yamina

2015-01-01

A questionnaire was used to determine the individual and collective teacher supervision practices of school principals and vice-principals in Québec (n = 39) who participated in a research-action study on pedagogical supervision. These practices were then analyzed in terms of the principals' sociodemographic and socioprofessional characteristics…

12 CFR 561.39 - Principal office.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Principal office. 561.39 Section 561.39 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY DEFINITIONS FOR REGULATIONS AFFECTING ALL SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS § 561.39 Principal office. The term principal office means the home...

Principal Stability and the Rural Divide

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pendola, Andrew; Fuller, Edward J.

2018-01-01

This article examines the unique features of the rural school context and how these features are associated with the stability of principals in these schools. Given the small but growing literature on the characteristics of rural principals, this study presents an exploratory analysis of principal stability across schools located in different…

The Principal and the Pear Tree.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hoyle, John R.

1991-01-01

School principals are in a difficult environment filled with stress and plagued by weak support. Most principals are unprepared for site-based decision making. University professors must take the initiative to use the emerging knowledge base and develop professional studies degree and staff development programs to prepare principals. (24…

Principal Perceptions of New Teacher Effectiveness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shepherd, Dan; Devers, Christopher

2017-01-01

Relatively little research has been conducted on the professional satisfaction of principals with recently hired beginning teachers. This study surveyed principals to learn their perspectives on these new teachers in relation to National Board Standards. Data were gathered using an online survey of 423 principals throughout the state of Indiana…

The Instructional Practice of School Principals and Its Effect on Teachers' Job Satisfaction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kouali, Georgia

2017-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a piece of research concerning the practice of Cypriot school principals' instructional role and its effect on teachers' job satisfaction, and also to investigate whether higher levels of teachers' job satisfaction can be predicted when school principals deal with and accomplish their…

Implementing a Cross-District Principal Mentoring Program: A Human Resources Approach to Developing Midcareer Principals' Leadership Capacities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Della Sala, Matthew R.; Klar, Hans W.; Lindle, Jane Clark; Reese, Kenyae L.; Knoeppel, Robert C.; Campbell, Michael; Buskey, Frederick C.

2013-01-01

Despite the key role that principals play in leading schoolwide change, districts' efforts to support principals are often limited, particularly in rural settings. In this article, we report the preliminary findings of a cross-district mentoring program for nine midcareer rural school principals. The collaboratively developed human resource…

Beginning Elementary Principals around the World

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garcia-Garduno, Jose Maria; Slater, Charles L.; Lopez-Gorosave, Gema

2011-01-01

The paper explores the different circumstances of newly appointed principals around the world. It is a literature review that examines articles from both English-speaking and non-English-speaking countries. Being a novice principal is stressful and even traumatic. Principals appear to feel unprepared for their role. The problem most common to all…

Superintendents' Perceptions of the Effectiveness of Newly Hired Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lehman, Lynn E.; Boyland, Lori G.; Sriver, Shawn K.

2014-01-01

This study investigates the frequency of research-based leadership strategies utilized by newly hired school principals in the workplace. Public school superintendents in Indiana were asked to respond to two open-ended research questions. Through the use of content analysis, their comments were coded for the occurrence of effective leadership…

Applications of Nonlinear Principal Components Analysis to Behavioral Data.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hicks, Marilyn Maginley

1981-01-01

An empirical investigation of the statistical procedure entitled nonlinear principal components analysis was conducted on a known equation and on measurement data in order to demonstrate the procedure and examine its potential usefulness. This method was suggested by R. Gnanadesikan and based on an early paper of Karl Pearson. (Author/AL)

Middle Level Principals' Parent Involvement Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tomichek-Michalowski, Tracie V.

2017-01-01

The purpose of the exploratory research study was to identify middle level principals' parent involvement practices. Parent involvement impacts students in positive ways, and a principal must have the ability to involve parents. The job description of a principal can be difficult to place on paper. Principals multitask throughout the day and often…

Use of principal-component, correlation, and stepwise multiple-regression analyses to investigate selected physical and hydraulic properties of carbonate-rock aquifers

USGS Publications Warehouse

Brown, C. Erwin

1993-01-01

Correlation analysis in conjunction with principal-component and multiple-regression analyses were applied to laboratory chemical and petrographic data to assess the usefulness of these techniques in evaluating selected physical and hydraulic properties of carbonate-rock aquifers in central Pennsylvania. Correlation and principal-component analyses were used to establish relations and associations among variables, to determine dimensions of property variation of samples, and to filter the variables containing similar information. Principal-component and correlation analyses showed that porosity is related to other measured variables and that permeability is most related to porosity and grain size. Four principal components are found to be significant in explaining the variance of data. Stepwise multiple-regression analysis was used to see how well the measured variables could predict porosity and (or) permeability for this suite of rocks. The variation in permeability and porosity is not totally predicted by the other variables, but the regression is significant at the 5% significance level. ?? 1993.

Principal Curves on Riemannian Manifolds.

PubMed

Hauberg, Soren

2016-09-01

Euclidean statistics are often generalized to Riemannian manifolds by replacing straight-line interpolations with geodesic ones. While these Riemannian models are familiar-looking, they are restricted by the inflexibility of geodesics, and they rely on constructions which are optimal only in Euclidean domains. We consider extensions of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to Riemannian manifolds. Classic Riemannian approaches seek a geodesic curve passing through the mean that optimizes a criteria of interest. The requirements that the solution both is geodesic and must pass through the mean tend to imply that the methods only work well when the manifold is mostly flat within the support of the generating distribution. We argue that instead of generalizing linear Euclidean models, it is more fruitful to generalize non-linear Euclidean models. Specifically, we extend the classic Principal Curves from Hastie & Stuetzle to data residing on a complete Riemannian manifold. We show that for elliptical distributions in the tangent of spaces of constant curvature, the standard principal geodesic is a principal curve. The proposed model is simple to compute and avoids many of the pitfalls of traditional geodesic approaches. We empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of the Riemannian principal curves on several manifolds and datasets.

The Principal: Change-Agent in Desegregation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turnage, Martha

In order to study the process of school desegregation, it becomes necessary to pinpoint that administrative position most centrally involved in the alteration of the individual school: that of the principal. From the pilot study conducted with the principals and assistant principals in York County, Virginia, in the spring and summer of 1969, a…

Teachers' Perceptions of the Dimensions and Implementation of Technology Leadership of Principals in Taiwanese Elementary Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chang, I-Hua; Chin, Joseph M.; Hsu, Cheng-Mei

2008-01-01

Principals' technology leadership is strongly correlated with teachers' integration of educational technology, and technology leadership is necessary for effective utilization of technology in schooling. The article describes a study that empirically investigated teachers' perceptions of elementary schools principals' technology leadership…

The Effect of Principal's Leadership Style on School Environment and Outcome

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Al-Safran, Eissa; Brown, David; Wiseman, Alexander

2014-01-01

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of principal's leadership style on school outcome. This study focused on the indirect relationship between the leadership style and the school environment. An additional objective was to investigate the impact of culture on leadership style as related to school environment and outcome.…

Principal Leadership for Technology-enhanced Learning in Science

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gerard, Libby F.; Bowyer, Jane B.; Linn, Marcia C.

2008-02-01

Reforms such as technology-enhanced instruction require principal leadership. Yet, many principals report that they need help to guide implementation of science and technology reforms. We identify strategies for helping principals provide this leadership. A two-phase design is employed. In the first phase we elicit principals' varied ideas about the Technology-enhanced Learning in Science (TELS) curriculum materials being implemented by teachers in their schools, and in the second phase we engage principals in a leadership workshop designed based on the ideas they generated. Analysis uses an emergent coding scheme to categorize principals' ideas, and a knowledge integration framework to capture the development of these ideas. The analysis suggests that principals frame their thinking about the implementation of TELS in terms of: principal leadership, curriculum, educational policy, teacher learning, student outcomes and financial resources. They seek to improve their own knowledge to support this reform. The principals organize their ideas around individual school goals and current political issues. Principals prefer professional development activities that engage them in reviewing curricula and student work with other principals. Based on the analysis, this study offers guidelines for creating learning opportunities that enhance principals' leadership abilities in technology and science reform.

Navigating Complex Terrain: Black Women School Principals and Assistant Principals Negotiating Race at Work

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, D. Chanele

2009-01-01

Using data from thirty-five semi-structured interviews along with self-administered questionnaires, this dissertation explores Black women principals' and assistant principals' perspectives on what it means to be a Black woman in education. This study analyzes how their experiences shape their approach to work. Of particular interest is how Black…

Leading in a Time of Ambitious Reform: Principals in High-Poverty Urban Elementary Schools Frame the Challenge of the Common Core State Standards

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stosich, Elizabeth Leisy

2017-01-01

Standards are intended to foster excellence and equity in student learning by institutionalizing high expectations for all students while allowing educators to have professional discretion in determining how to meet these goals. Recent studies suggest that principals play an essential role in interpreting and communicating the implications of…

Great Principals at Scale: Creating District Conditions That Enable All Principals to Be Effective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ikemoto, Gina; Taliaferro, Lori; Fenton, Benjamin; Davis, Jacquelyn

2014-01-01

School leaders are critical in the lives of students and to the development of their teachers. Unfortunately, in too many instances, principals are effective in spite of--rather than because of--district conditions. To truly improve student achievement for all students across the country, well-prepared principals need the tools, support, and…

Principal Leadership and Reading Specialist Role Understanding in the Era of Test-Based Accountability Policies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prezyna, Dolores Marie; Garrison, Mark J.; Lockte, Hilary A.; Gold, Carol P.

2017-01-01

This study investigates how the role of the reading specialist (RS) is defined and communicated by principals, and examines to what degree a common understanding of this role exists among teachers, building administrators and reading specialists. The principal's responsibility in defining and communicating role, and the effect these efforts have…

Periodicity Signatures of Lightcurves of Active Comets in Non-Principal-Axis Rotational States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Samarasinha, Nalin H.; Mueller, Beatrice E. A.; Barrera, Jose G.

2016-10-01

There are two comets (1P/Halley, 103P/Hartley 2) that are unambiguously in non-principal-axis (NPA) rotational states in addition to a few more comets that are candidates for NPA rotation. Considering this fact, and the ambiguities associated with how to accurately interpret the periodicity signatures seen in lightcurves of active comets, we have started an investigation to identify and characterize the periodicity signatures present in simulated lightcurves of active comets. We carried out aperture photometry of simulated cometary comae to generate model lightcurves and analyzed them with Fourier techniques to identify their periodicity signatures. These signatures were then compared with the input component periods of the respective NPA rotational states facilitating the identification of how these periodicity signatures are related to different component periods of the NPA rotation. Ultimately, we also expect this study to shed light on why only a small fraction of periodic comets is in NPA rotational states, whereas theory indicates a large fraction of them should be in NPA states (e.g., Jewitt 1999, EMP, 79, 35). We explore the parameter space with respect to different rotational states, different orientations for the total rotational angular momentum vector, and different locations on the nucleus for the source region(s). As for special cases, we also investigate potential NPA rotational states representative of comet 103P/Hartley2, the cometary target of the EPOXI mission. The initial results from our investigation will be presented at the meeting. The NASA DDAP Program supports this work through grant NNX15AL66G.

Teacher-Principal Relationships: Exploring Linkages between Empowerment and Interpersonal Trust

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moye, Melinda J.; Henkin, Alan B.; Egley, Robert J.

2005-01-01

Purpose: To investigate relationships between teacher empowerment and interpersonal level trust in the principal. Design/methodology/approach: Trust is a fundamental element in well-functioning organizations. Studies of empowerment, a motivational construct, have suggested that empowering employees is a key factor in managerial and organizational…

Elementary Principals: How Do We Compare with Middle Managers in Industry?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alkire, Gary F.; Dorin, Patrick C.

1979-01-01

A study conducted at the University of Minnesota (1977) suggests there is no significant difference in the activities of elementary school principals and industrial managers when it comes to planning, investigating, coordinating, and evaluating activities. (JC)

What Do We Expect of School Principals? Congruence between Principal Evaluation and Performance Standards

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Catano, Nancy; Stronge, James H.

2007-01-01

This study used both quantitative and qualitative methods of content analysis to examine principal evaluation instruments and state and professional standards for principals in school districts located in a mid-Atlantic state in the USA. The purposes of this study were to (a) determine the degrees of emphasis that are placed upon leadership and…

Triangulating Principal Effectiveness: How Perspectives of Parents, Teachers, and Assistant Principals Identify the Central Importance of Managerial Skills. Working Paper 35

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grissom, Jason A.; Loeb, Susanna

2009-01-01

While the importance of effective principals is undisputed, few studies have addressed what specific skills principals need to promote school success. This study draws on unique data combining survey responses from principals, assistant principals, teachers and parents with rich administrative data to identify which principal skills matter most…

78 FR 65610 - Sunshine Act Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-01

... CHEMICAL SAFETY AND HAZARD INVESTIGATION BOARD Sunshine Act Meeting TIME AND DATE: November 14... School Road, Rockford, IL 61108. STATUS: Open to the public. MATTERS TO BE CONSIDERED: The Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) will convene a public meeting on November 14, 2013, starting...

Measuring Principal Performance: How Rigorous Are Commonly Used Principal Performance Assessment Instruments? A Quality School Leadership Issue Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Condon, Christopher; Clifford, Matthew

2010-01-01

This brief reviews the publicly available principal assessments and points superintendents and policy makers toward strong instruments to measure principal performance. Specifically, the measures included in this review are expressly intended to evaluate principal performance and have varying degrees of publicly available evidence of psychometric…

Local School Council Meetings during the First Year of Chicago School Reform.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Easton, John Q.; And Others

This study analyzes local school council (LSC) meetings in Chicago (Illinois) during their first year of operation. The Chicago School Reform Act of 1988 created a radical shift in authority from the central bureaucracy to the LSCs, empowering the LSCs to set educational policy and govern schools. The councils hire and evaluate the principal,…

The role of the elementary school principal — as perceived by Israeli principals an attempt at role analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kremer, Lya

1983-03-01

The study aimed to define the role of principalship, necessary because of the conflicting loyalties and responsibilities inherent in this role. Four `facets' were used to classify areas of principals' activities, from which a questionnaire was constructed. Ninety principals, representing most of those in the northern part of Israel, participated in the project. On the basis of the questionnaire, they related their role activities to the degree of autonomy they felt they were granted. The findings identify the main factors in the role of the principal and show that principals' activities may be defined according to (a) the degree to which they have been planned in advance or carried out ad hoc; (b) their professional or bureaucratic character; (c) the goals which they are meant to serve and whether their aim is task/product-or person-orientated. In all of these areas the principal can act with varying degrees of autonomy. The techniques employed in obtaining and analyzing the results offer a means of creating and comparing principals' profiles, hence also of indicating the position of the principal in the more general system; producing a typology of administrative styles; and identifying personal styles of principalship.

Collective Bargaining and the Principal.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Susan Moore

Collective bargaining contracts with teachers unions have reduced principals' autonomy but have still left them opportunities for effective administration of their schools. Interviews with 289 educators in six diverse school districts across the country show that contracts have limited principals' powers both from above, by centralizing labor…

The Development and Perpetuation of Professional Learning Communities in Two Elementary Schools: The Role of the Principal and Impact on Teaching and Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maynor, Chad Edward

2010-01-01

Professional learning communities (PLCs) provide schools with a tool to meet the professional development needs of their teachers through ongoing, job-embedded staff development designed to improve instruction and student learning. While research exists on the development of PLCs, there is a gap in the literature concerning the principal's role in…

Perspectives on Principal Instructional Leadership in Vietnam: A Preliminary Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hallinger, Philip; Walker, Allan; Nguyen, Dao Thi Hong; Truong, Thang; Nguyen, Thi Thinh

2017-01-01

Purpose: Worldwide interest in principal instructional leadership has led to global dissemination of related research findings despite their concentration in a limited set of western cultural contexts. An urgent challenge in educational leadership and management lies in expanding the range of national settings for investigations of instructional…

Principals' Perceptions of the Impact of the APPR on Instructional Practices in New York State Public School Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mangeri, Richard

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate principals' perceptions of the impact of the New York State Annual Professional Performance Review on instructional practices. Dr. Philip Hallinger's Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS) was used to examine principal behaviors as they relate to school mission/goals, instruction and…

Caveats for the New Localism in Further Education--Why the Use of Principal-Agent Solutions at the Local Level Will Not Work

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boocock, Andrew

2017-01-01

The post-incorporation further education (FE) sector has experienced a number of quasi-markets over the past 23 years designed to incentivise college agents (managers and lecturers) to meet government objectives. To create such quasi-markets principal-agent (P-A) solutions have been introduced in the form of a series of funding incentives and…

Immorally obtained principal increases investors' risk preference.

PubMed

Chen, Chuqian; Chen, Jiaxin; He, Guibing

2017-01-01

Capital derived from immoral sources is increasingly circulated in today's financial markets. The moral associations of capital are important, although their impact on investment remains unknown. This research aims to explore the influence of principal source morality on investors' risk preferences. Three studies were conducted in this regard. Study 1 finds that investors are more risk-seeking when their principal is earned immorally (through lying), whereas their risk preferences do not change when they invest money earned from neutral sources after engaging in immoral behavior. Study 2 reveals that guilt fully mediates the relationship between principal source morality and investors' risk preferences. Studies 3a and 3b introduce a new immoral principal source and a new manipulation method to improve external validity. Guilt is shown to the decrease the subjective value of morally flawed principal, leading to higher risk preference. The findings show the influence of morality-related features of principal on people's investment behavior and further support mental account theory. The results also predict the potential threats of "grey principal" to market stability.

Principals' Perceptions of Successful Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Childers, Gary L.

2013-01-01

The purposes of this qualitative multiple case study were to determine the catalysts and pathways that caused principals to move from managers to effective leaders. Data were collected through a series of interviews with 4 principals who were selected through a purposeful sampling procedure. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and…

Getting Intentional about Principal Evaluations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mendels, Pamela

2017-01-01

As part of "The Wallace Foundation's Principal Pipeline" initiative, six districts have been working to reshape their school leadership evaluation systems to provide better and more consistent feedback to principals--and ultimately to help them grow in their jobs. In this article, Pamela Mendels, a senior editor at Wallace, describes the…

Principal Support for Literacy Coaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kral, Cathleen Cronin

2012-01-01

Educators agree that leadership by a principal profoundly affects what is accomplished at a school. This effect of leadership is particularly true when schools and districts are engaged in reform. When the reform effort impinges on school culture, the principal plays the main role in leading and supporting this change.

Time Management for New Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ruder, Robert

2008-01-01

Becoming a principal is a milestone in an educator's professional life. The principalship is an opportunity to provide leadership that will afford students opportunities to thrive in a nurturing and supportive environment. Despite the continuously expanding demands of being a new principal, effective time management will enable an individual to be…

Principal Mentoring.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Malone, Robert

2001-01-01

Increasing evidence shows that school leaders, throughout all stages of their careers, can benefit from a mentoring system in which a seasoned leader helps the protege combine theory and practice with experience. This research roundup reviews works that provide support for principal mentoring and share strategies for establishing mentoring…

Multisource Principal Evaluation Data: Principals' Orientations and Reactions to Teacher Feedback Regarding Their Leadership Effectiveness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldring, Ellen B.; Mavrogordato, Madeline; Haynes, Katherine Taylor

2015-01-01

Purpose: A relatively new approach to principal evaluation is the use of multisource feedback, which typically entails a leader's self-evaluation as well as parallel evaluations from subordinates, peers, and/or superiors. However, there is little research on how principals interact with evaluation data from multisource feedback systems. This…

Middle School Principals' Perceptions and Preferences When Hiring Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mee, Molly; Haverback, Heather Rogers

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate middle school principals' knowledge of the state's new middle level teacher certification, their hiring preferences for newly certified teachers, and their perceptions of middle certified teacher' competencies in teaching various subject areas to middle school students. Survey data indicated that the…

"Successful" Principals: A Contested Notion for Superintendents and Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scribner, Samantha M. Paredes; Crow, Gary M.; Lopez, Gerardo R.; Murtadha, Khaula

2011-01-01

The notion of "success" is narrowly defined and appropriated within an educational context. Typically limited to objective measures of organizational productivity, effectiveness, and efficiency, "successful" principal practices, we argue, engender action and attention to a broader array of issues and interrelationships. In this study, we conducted…

Great Principals at Scale: Toolkit

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ikemoto, Gina; Taliaferro, Lori; Fenton, Benjamin; Davis, Jacquelyn

2014-01-01

School leaders are critical in the lives of students and to the development of their teachers. Unfortunately, in too many instances, principals are effective in spite of--rather than because of--district conditions. To truly improve student achievement for all students across the country, well-prepared principals need the tools, support, and…

Principal Appraisals Get a Remake

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zubrzycki, Jaclyn

2013-01-01

A growing number of school districts--including large ones like those in Chicago, Dallas, Los Angeles, and Hawaii--have become recent converts to new principal-evaluation systems that tie school leaders' appraisals to student test scores. As of this school year, student achievement accounts for 40 percent to 50 percent of principals' evaluations…

Principal curve detection in complicated graph images

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Yuncai; Huang, Thomas S.

2001-09-01

Finding principal curves in an image is an important low level processing in computer vision and pattern recognition. Principal curves are those curves in an image that represent boundaries or contours of objects of interest. In general, a principal curve should be smooth with certain length constraint and allow either smooth or sharp turning. In this paper, we present a method that can efficiently detect principal curves in complicated map images. For a given feature image, obtained from edge detection of an intensity image or thinning operation of a pictorial map image, the feature image is first converted to a graph representation. In graph image domain, the operation of principal curve detection is performed to identify useful image features. The shortest path and directional deviation schemes are used in our algorithm os principal verve detection, which is proven to be very efficient working with real graph images.

The Effective and Reflective Principal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ritchie, John M.

2013-01-01

For a "Kappan" issue focusing on the job of the principal, this is an essay from a retired, longtime principal and superintendent. "I have notebooks full of advice that I've collected over the years: tips, mantras, cautions, and quotations appropriate for any occasion," the author says. "I learned to focus less on…

School Principals' Sources of Knowledge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perkins, Arland Early

2014-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine what sources of professional knowledge are available to principals in 1 rural East Tennessee school district. Qualitative research methods were applied to gain an understanding of what sources of knowledge are used by school principals in 1 rural East Tennessee school district and the barriers they face…

Burnout among Elementary School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Combs, Julie; Edmonson, Stacey L.; Jackson, Sherion H.

2009-01-01

As the understanding of burnout continues to be refined, studies that examine school principals and burnout will be helpful to those who provide support to school leaders and are concerned about principal attrition and pending shortages. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between burnout and gender, age, and years experience…

The Principal and Educational Change.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haynes, Kathy; Blomstedt, Robert

This paper reports on a: (1) review of recent literature on the principal's role in the implementation of educational reform, and (2) study of teacher perceptions of the role of the principal in the implementation of recent Texas reform legislation. Research on societal and organizational change shows that the inevitability of change should be a…

Principal Attrition and Mobility: Results from the 2012-13 Principal Follow-Up Survey. First Look. NCES 2014-064

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldring, Rebecca; Taie, Soheyla

2014-01-01

This report presents selected findings from the Public School Principal Status and Private School Principal Status Data Files of the 2012-13 Principal Follow-up Survey (PFS). The PFS is a nationally representative sample survey of public and private K-12 schools in the 50 states and District of Columbia and was initiated to inform discussions and…

The Preparation and Selection of School Principals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cornett, Lynn M.

According to recent research findings, school principals are the motivating agents in schools where effective learning takes place. Recognizing the importance of school principals, Southern Regional Education Board (SREB) conference participants viewed a role delineation for principals and a restructuring of school organization as necessary to…

New Principal Coaching as a Safety Net

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Celoria, Davide; Roberson, Ingrid

2015-01-01

This study examines new principal coaching as an induction process and explores the emotional dimensions of educational leadership. Twelve principal coaches and new principals--six of each--participated in this qualitative study that employed emergent coding (Creswell, 2008; Denzin, 2005; Glaser & Strauss, 1998; Spradley, 1979). The major…

Importance of an Effective Principal-Counselor Relationship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edwards, LaWanda; Grace, Ronald; King, Gwendolyn

2014-01-01

An effective relationship between the principal and school counselor is essential when improving student achievement. To have an effective relationship, there must be communication, trust and respect, leadership, and collaborative planning between the principal and school counselor (College Board, 2011). Principals and school counselors are both…

The Relationship between Principals' Perceptions of Parent Involvement and Student Academic Achievement in Title I Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gaston, Sean Maurice

2013-01-01

The role of the "principal" in encouraging and supporting parent involvement has not received as much research attention as it would seem to merit. While the recent literature on parent involvement is extensive, virtually none are devoted to investigating the impact of school leadership, particularly the function of the principal on…

An Examination of the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Servant Leadership Practices of Elementary Public School Principals in Washington State

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Werner, Kathleen J.

2013-01-01

This study investigated whether there was a correlation between principal's emotional intelligence and servant leadership behaviors, as perceived by the teachers in their schools. The teachers ratings their principals' emotional intelligence and servant leadership behaviors were also compared with and the principals' self-ratings on the same…

What Principals Think Motivates Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Diamantes, Thomas

2004-01-01

How did a graduate class of teachers and principals come to explore what was really important to teachers? They had an idea that they all shared the same values (both teachers and principals) and would agree on what rewards teachers prize. Would administrators rate the motivation rewards the same way the teachers would? To find out, five schools…

The Principal as Academician: The Renewed Voice.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McAvoy, Brenda, Ed.

This collection of essays was written by principals who participated in the 1986-87 Humanities Seminar sponsored by the Principals' Institute of Georgia State University. The focus was "The Evolution of Intellectual Leadership." The roles of the principal as philosopher, historian, ethnician, writer and team member are examined through…

Factors That Affect Principals' Use of Research.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fillos, Rita M.; Bailey, William J.

The results of a survey of 400 randomly selected principals from New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland appear to validate a newly developed instrument for measuring three factors: the depth of principals' interests in information developed through educational research, the extent to which these principals exhibit rational approaches to…

Preparing Politically Savvy Principals in Ontario, Canada

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winton, Sue; Pollock, Katina

2013-01-01

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to argue that principal preparation programs should help candidates: recognize the political role of the school principal; develop political skills (including the ability to strategically appropriate policy); and understand that the political approach of the principal influences teaching, learning, relationships,…

Principal Leadership for Technology-Enhanced Learning in Science

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gerard, Libby F.; Bowyer, Jane B.; Linn, Marcia C.

2008-01-01

Reforms such as technology-enhanced instruction require principal leadership. Yet, many principals report that they need help to guide implementation of science and technology reforms. We identify strategies for helping principals provide this leadership. A two-phase design is employed. In the first phase we elicit principals' varied ideas about…

Multilevel Analysis of the Relationship between Principals' Perceived Practices of Instructional Leadership and Teachers' Self-Efficacy Perceptions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bellibas, Mehmet Sukru; Liu, Yan

2017-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which principals' instructional leadership predicts teacher self-efficacy, in order to identify whether a relationship exists between principals' perceived instructional leadership practices and teachers perceived self-efficacy in classroom management, instruction, and student…

Improving Principal Leadership through Feedback and Coaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bickman, Leonard; Goldring, Ellen; De Andrade, Ana Regina; Breda, Carolyn; Goff, Peter

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a feedback and coaching intervention designed to improve the quality of principal leadership. Principals received feedback from teachers on their instructional leadership, and their teachers' trust of them. Principals also provided self-ratings and they compared their teachers' ratings to…

Leadership Coaching for Principals: A National Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wise, Donald; Cavazos, Blanca

2017-01-01

Surveys were sent to a large representative sample of public school principals in the United States asking if they had received leadership coaching. Comparison of responses to actual numbers of principals indicates that the sample represents the first national study of principal leadership coaching. Results indicate that approximately 50% of all…

Perceptions of Isolation among High School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howard, Molly P.; Mallory, Barbara J.

2008-01-01

This study addressed the perceptions of isolation among high school principals in Georgia. The data collection process, in which interviews were conducted, provided insight into the lived experiences of 10 principals. One of the findings was that high school principals were relieved, in a sense, to discuss their perceptions of the…

Epigenetics, eh! A meeting summary of the Canadian Conference on Epigenetics.

PubMed

Rodenhiser, David I; Bérubé, Nathalie G; Mann, Mellissa R W

2011-10-01

In May 2011, the Canadian Conference on Epigenetics: Epigenetics Eh! was held in London, Canada. The objectives of this conference were to showcase the breadth of epigenetic research on environment and health across Canada and to provide the catalyst to develop collaborative Canadian epigenetic research opportunities, similar to existing international epigenetic initiatives in the US and Europe. With ten platform sessions and two sessions with over 100 poster presentations, this conference featured cutting-edge epigenetic research, presented by Canadian and international principal investigators and their trainees in the field of epigenetics and chromatin dynamics. An EpigenART competition included ten artists, creating a unique opportunity for artists and scientists to interact and explore their individual interpretations of this scientific discipline. The conference provided a unique venue for a significant cross-section of Canadian epigenetic researchers from diverse disciplines to meet, interact, collaborate and strategize at the national level.

An Analysis of Secondary School Principals' Perceptions of Multicultural Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCray, Carlos R.; Wright, James V.; Beachum, Floyd D.

2004-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate secondary school principals' perceptions of multicultural education. This survey research study used a four point Likert-type scale instrument. It sought to determine how such independent variables as school and community characteristics i.e., whether the school was located in an urban, suburban, or…

Job Satisfaction: Factor Analysis of Greek Primary School Principals' Perceptions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saiti, Anna; Fassoulis, Konstantinos

2012-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that affect the level of job satisfaction that school principals experience and, based on the findings, to suggest policies or techniques for improving it. Design/methodology/approach: Questionnaires were administered to 180 primary school heads in 13 prefectures--one from each of…

An Open Letter to a New Principal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hall, Pete

2009-01-01

During the author's first decade in school administration, coupled with his work with the National Association of Elementary School Principals' National Principal Mentoring Certification Program, he has collected a few nuggets worth sharing to rookie principals. In this article, he discusses what he calls his 7UP (Seven Unyielding Principles): (1)…

Principals' Collaborative Roles as Leaders for Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kitchen, Margaret; Gray, Susan; Jeurissen, Maree

2016-01-01

This article draws on data from three multicultural New Zealand primary schools to reconceptualize principals' roles as leaders for learning. In doing so, the writers build on Sinnema and Robinson's (2012) article on goal setting in principal evaluation. Sinnema and Robinson found that even principals hand-picked for their experience fell short on…

Principals and Managers and Leaders: A Qualitative Study of the Perspectives of Selected Elementary School Principals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cascadden, Dean S. T.

1998-01-01

A qualitative study explored eight elementary principals' conceptions about leadership and management constructs; beliefs about the role of their personal philosophies; and language used to describe themselves, their work, and their schools. Principals identified four issues: conflicting roles, being there, evolving as leaders, and balancing…

Great New Resources for Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williamson, Ron

2010-01-01

The end of the school year is a hectic time for high school principals. Summer often provides a brief opportunity to "kick-back" and take time to rest, relax and spend some time thinking about the coming school year. As the school year ends the author would like to introduce several new or updated resources that every high school principal will…

The Dissertation Story: Effective Behaviors and Practices of Principals That Encourage and Support Teacher Instructional Risk-Taking and Innovation in High Achieving Middle Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Galster, Donald C.

2013-01-01

As expectations for improvements in public K-12 education continue, principals and teachers need to collaborate for continuous school improvement. Innovative change is needed to meet the needs of students. Michael Fullan's change theory (1993) identified many inhibitors to change, such as the human tendency to avoid change due to vulnerability and…

The Effect of Principals' Technological Leadership on Teachers' Technological Literacy and Teaching Effectiveness in Taiwanese Elementary Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chang, I-Hua

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among principals' technological leadership, teachers' technological literacy, and teaching effectiveness. The survey target population consists of 1,000 teachers randomly selected from Taiwanese elementary schools. The survey asked teachers to measure the effectiveness of principals'…

Beliefs and Behaviors of Elementary Principals of Successful Title I Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blount, Margie

2014-01-01

This qualitative phenomenological research study used narrative inquiry to investigate the behaviors and beliefs of eight Texas principals in high achieving Title I elementary schools. Participant interviews were analyzed using Creswell (2007) six-step method for analyzing phenomenological studies. Findings suggested that successful Title I…

The Role of the Principal Walk-Through

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holgersen, Karen Lee

2017-01-01

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to describe the principal's perspective of the efficacy of the principal walk-through as a tool to improve and gather formative feedback about teaching. Principals from selected schools in one district were interviewed to further clarify their feelings and provide insight into how they engaged in the…

Principals: Learn P.R. Survival Skills.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reep, Beverly B.

1988-01-01

School building level public relations depends on the principal or vice principal. Strategies designed to enhance school public relations programs include linking school and community, working with the press, and keeping morale high inside the school. (MLF)

Immorally obtained principal increases investors’ risk preference

PubMed Central

Chen, Jiaxin; He, Guibing

2017-01-01

Capital derived from immoral sources is increasingly circulated in today’s financial markets. The moral associations of capital are important, although their impact on investment remains unknown. This research aims to explore the influence of principal source morality on investors’ risk preferences. Three studies were conducted in this regard. Study 1 finds that investors are more risk-seeking when their principal is earned immorally (through lying), whereas their risk preferences do not change when they invest money earned from neutral sources after engaging in immoral behavior. Study 2 reveals that guilt fully mediates the relationship between principal source morality and investors’ risk preferences. Studies 3a and 3b introduce a new immoral principal source and a new manipulation method to improve external validity. Guilt is shown to the decrease the subjective value of morally flawed principal, leading to higher risk preference. The findings show the influence of morality-related features of principal on people’s investment behavior and further support mental account theory. The results also predict the potential threats of “grey principal” to market stability. PMID:28369117

Job Realities of Primary School Principals in Greece: Similarities and Variations in a Highly Centralized System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dimopoulos, Kostas; Dalkavouki, Katerina; Koulaidis, Vasilis

2015-01-01

This study aims at investigating primary school principals' work on a daily basis in order to understand the ways in which the centralized educational system affects their practices. Four typical cases of principals were selected and asked to keep daily records for a period of four months. Data from logs were complemented with data collected…

The Role of "Meeting Pupil Needs and Empowering Staff" in Quality Management System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cheng, Alison Lai Fong; Yau, Hon Keung

2012-01-01

The study aims to examine the effectiveness of the implementation of "Meeting Pupil Needs and Empowering Staff" in the quality management in Hong Kong primary schools. A case study of nine primary schools was conducted and a qualitative method of interviews was adopted in this study. A total of 9 principals and 9 teachers from 9 primary…

19 CFR 207.5 - Ex parte meetings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Ex parte meetings. 207.5 Section 207.5 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION NONADJUDICATIVE INVESTIGATIONS INVESTIGATIONS OF..., the date, time, and place of the meeting, and a summary of the matters discussed or submitted. ...

19 CFR 207.5 - Ex parte meetings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Ex parte meetings. 207.5 Section 207.5 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION NONADJUDICATIVE INVESTIGATIONS INVESTIGATIONS OF..., the date, time, and place of the meeting, and a summary of the matters discussed or submitted. ...

19 CFR 207.5 - Ex parte meetings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Ex parte meetings. 207.5 Section 207.5 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION NONADJUDICATIVE INVESTIGATIONS INVESTIGATIONS OF..., the date, time, and place of the meeting, and a summary of the matters discussed or submitted. ...

19 CFR 207.5 - Ex parte meetings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Ex parte meetings. 207.5 Section 207.5 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION NONADJUDICATIVE INVESTIGATIONS INVESTIGATIONS OF..., the date, time, and place of the meeting, and a summary of the matters discussed or submitted. ...

Next in Line: Preparing Assistant Principals for the Principalship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson-Taylor, Cindy; Martin, Mary B.

2007-01-01

Grooming an assistant principal to lead a school is a privilege for any principal and enables him or her to leave a larger mark on the field. Although assistant principals are ultimately responsible for their own professional growth, principals must not underestimate their responsibility to help train aspiring principals. Preparing assistant…

Programs for the Principal: A Survey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Evelyn B.

1972-01-01

A modest survey to determine the nature of existing programs to prepare school principals bears out the author's thesis that these programs should be more responsive to the needs of principals who are enmeshed in today's societal crises. (Editor)

Social Intelligence of Principals and Its Relationship with Creative Behavior

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kriemeen, Hani; Hajaia, Sulaiman

2017-01-01

The study aimed at investigating the level of the social intelligence among the male and female principals in Tafila Governorate from the teachers views and its relationship with creative behavior. The sample consisted of 190 male and female teachers chosen randomly. For achieving the goals of the study, the researchers developed two instruments,…

Statewide Data on Supply and Demand of Principals after Policy Changes to Principal Preparation in Illinois

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haller, Alicia; Hunt, Erika

2016-01-01

Research has demonstrated that principals have a powerful impact on school improvement and student learning. Principals play a vital role in recruiting, developing, and retaining effective teachers; creating a school-wide culture of learning; and implementing a continuous improvement plan aimed at increasing student achievement. Leithwood, Louis,…

Investigations in Science Education, Vol. 5, Special Issue. Expanded Abstracts and Critical Analyses of Recent Research.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blosser, Patricia E., Ed.; Steiner, Robert L., Ed.

This issue contains copies of the five principal addresses given at the 1979 annual meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching. The five papers speak to the theme of the meeting "The Impact of Learning Paradigms on Teaching and Research." Titles of the papers and their authors are: "The Implications of…

Administrative Stressors and Islamic Coping Strategies Among Muslim Primary Principals in Malaysia: A Mixed Method Study.

PubMed

Tahir, Lokman Mohd; Khan, Aqeel; Musah, Mohammed Borhandden; Ahmad, Roslee; Daud, Khadijah; Al-Hudawi, Shafeeq Hussain Vazhathodi; Musta'Amal, Aede Hatib; Talib, Rohaya

2017-11-18

Principals are school leaders who experienced stress while leading their schools towards excellence. However, principals stress experiences are always ignored and least studied. This mixed-methods study investigates primary principals' stress experiences and their Islamic coping strategies used in incapacitating the stress experiences. A total of 216 Muslim primary principals across different gender, types of schools and years of experiences as school leaders responded to the administrative stress and the Islamic coping strategies items. In addition, seven primary principals were purposefully selected and interviewed in exploring their reasons of using Islamic coping strategies for their relieving process. Results discovered that primary principals experienced fairly stress level and they perceived managing students' academic achievement was the most stressor followed by managing teachers' capabilities. Although findings revealed that no significant differences in terms primary principals' demographics; male primary principals, and experienced between 6 and 10 years and positioned in schools with least students (SLS) category have slightly higher level of stress. In terms of Islamic coping strategies used by primary principals, saying dhua to Allah, performing dhikir and reciting the Yassen are selected coping approaches employed in handling their stress. From interviews, primary principals also revealed that they used Islamic religious approaches as part of meaningful activities not just to overcoming their stress but also as part of religious approaches in remembering Allah, thinking back their past mistakes as part of the Muhasabah process. Therefore, we believed that religious approaches should be taken into consideration in principals' training as it provides peaceful and treatment in managing principals' stress issue.

The Rookie's Playbook: Insights and Dirt for New Principals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tooms, Autumn

2003-01-01

Principal shares lessons and insights with beginning principals. Discusses differences between principals and assistant principals, staff relationships, competition for resources, giving and receiving loyalty, identifying and following a moral compass. (PKP)

Bioinformatics Meets Virology: The European Virus Bioinformatics Center's Second Annual Meeting.

PubMed

Ibrahim, Bashar; Arkhipova, Ksenia; Andeweg, Arno C; Posada-Céspedes, Susana; Enault, François; Gruber, Arthur; Koonin, Eugene V; Kupczok, Anne; Lemey, Philippe; McHardy, Alice C; McMahon, Dino P; Pickett, Brett E; Robertson, David L; Scheuermann, Richard H; Zhernakova, Alexandra; Zwart, Mark P; Schönhuth, Alexander; Dutilh, Bas E; Marz, Manja

2018-05-14

The Second Annual Meeting of the European Virus Bioinformatics Center (EVBC), held in Utrecht, Netherlands, focused on computational approaches in virology, with topics including (but not limited to) virus discovery, diagnostics, (meta-)genomics, modeling, epidemiology, molecular structure, evolution, and viral ecology. The goals of the Second Annual Meeting were threefold: (i) to bring together virologists and bioinformaticians from across the academic, industrial, professional, and training sectors to share best practice; (ii) to provide a meaningful and interactive scientific environment to promote discussion and collaboration between students, postdoctoral fellows, and both new and established investigators; (iii) to inspire and suggest new research directions and questions. Approximately 120 researchers from around the world attended the Second Annual Meeting of the EVBC this year, including 15 renowned international speakers. This report presents an overview of new developments and novel research findings that emerged during the meeting.

Principals' Self-Efficacy in Low Scoring Middle Schools in Mississippi

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Derryberry, James Foreman

2017-01-01

This study investigated the self-efficacy (also often referred to as self-confidence) of principals as determined by school administrator certification credentials and teaching endorsements at low performing middle schools in Mississippi. In educational literature, the term "self-confidence" is often referred to under the nomenclature of…

The Deputy Principal Instructional Leadership Role and Professional Learning: Perceptions of Secondary Principals, Deputies and Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leaf, Ann; Odhiambo, George

2017-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to report on a study examining the perceptions of secondary principals, deputies and teachers, of deputy principal (DP) instructional leadership (IL), as well as deputies' professional learning (PL) needs. Framed within an interpretivist approach, the specific objectives of this study were: to explore the…

Measuring Principals' Effectiveness: Results from New Jersey's First Year of Statewide Principal Evaluation. REL 2016-156

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herrmann, Mariesa; Ross, Christine

2016-01-01

States and districts across the country are implementing new principal evaluation systems that include measures of the quality of principals' school leadership practices and measures of student achievement growth. Because these evaluation systems will be used for high-stakes decisions, it is important that the component measures of the evaluation…

Astromaterials Curation Online Resources for Principal Investigators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Todd, Nancy S.; Zeigler, Ryan A.; Mueller, Lina

2017-01-01

The Astromaterials Acquisition and Curation office at NASA Johnson Space Center curates all of NASA's extraterrestrial samples, the most extensive set of astromaterials samples available to the research community worldwide. The office allocates 1500 individual samples to researchers and students each year and has served the planetary research community for 45+ years. The Astromaterials Curation office provides access to its sample data repository and digital resources to support the research needs of sample investigators and to aid in the selection and request of samples for scientific study. These resources can be found on the Astromaterials Acquisition and Curation website at https://curator.jsc.nasa.gov. To better serve our users, we have engaged in several activities to enhance the data available for astromaterials samples, to improve the accessibility and performance of the website, and to address user feedback. We havealso put plans in place for continuing improvements to our existing data products.

47 CFR 76.1607 - Principal headend.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Principal headend. 76.1607 Section 76.1607 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) BROADCAST RADIO SERVICES MULTICHANNEL VIDEO AND CABLE TELEVISION SERVICE Notices § 76.1607 Principal headend. A cable operator shall provide written...

47 CFR 76.1607 - Principal headend.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Principal headend. 76.1607 Section 76.1607 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) BROADCAST RADIO SERVICES MULTICHANNEL VIDEO AND CABLE TELEVISION SERVICE Notices § 76.1607 Principal headend. A cable operator shall provide written...

47 CFR 76.1607 - Principal headend.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Principal headend. 76.1607 Section 76.1607 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) BROADCAST RADIO SERVICES MULTICHANNEL VIDEO AND CABLE TELEVISION SERVICE Notices § 76.1607 Principal headend. A cable operator shall provide written...

47 CFR 76.1607 - Principal headend.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Principal headend. 76.1607 Section 76.1607 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) BROADCAST RADIO SERVICES MULTICHANNEL VIDEO AND CABLE TELEVISION SERVICE Notices § 76.1607 Principal headend. A cable operator shall provide written...

47 CFR 76.1607 - Principal headend.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Principal headend. 76.1607 Section 76.1607 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) BROADCAST RADIO SERVICES MULTICHANNEL VIDEO AND CABLE TELEVISION SERVICE Notices § 76.1607 Principal headend. A cable operator shall provide written...

A Practical Guide to Designing Comprehensive Principal Evaluation Systems: A Tool to Assist in the Development of Principal Evaluation Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clifford, Matthew; Hansen, Ulcca Joshni; Wraight, Sara

2012-01-01

Across the country, states and districts are designing principal evaluation systems as a means of improving leadership, learning, and school performance. Principal evaluation systems hold potential for supporting leaders' learning and sense of accountability for instructional excellence and student performance. Principal evaluation is also an…

Urban School Principals and the "No Child Left Behind" Act

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gardiner, Mary E.; Canfield-Davis, Kathy; Anderson, Keith LeMar

2009-01-01

This exploratory study investigated how six practicing school principals responded to the requirements of the No Child Left Behind law (United States Congress Public Law 107-110, 2002, January, No Child Left Behind Act, http://www.ed.gov/policy/elsec/leg/esea02/107-110.pdf ) in light of the multicultural leadership demands presented by an urban…

Whose Perception of Principal Instructional Leadership? Principal-Teacher Perceptual (Dis)agreement and Its Influence on Teacher Collaboration

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Park, Joo-Ho; Ham, Seung-Hwan

2016-01-01

This study examines teacher collaboration across three Asia-Pacific countries (Australia, Malaysia, and South Korea), focusing on the possibility that principal-teacher perceptual disagreement regarding principal instructional leadership performance may impede progress toward a school organizational condition conducive to collaborative teacher…

Great Principals at Scale: Creating District Conditions That Enable All Principals to Be Effective. Executive Summary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ikemoto, Gina; Taliaferro, Lori; Fenton, Benjamin; Davis, Jacquelyn

2014-01-01

School leaders are critical in the lives of students and to the development of their teachers. Unfortunately, in too many instances, principals are effective in spite of--rather than because of--district conditions. To truly improve student achievement for all students across the country, well-prepared principals need the tools, support, and…

Quality M.Ed. Principal Licensure Degrees + Conscientious Students = Leader Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guillaume, Cindy; Vitucci, Alanna

2015-01-01

Effective educational leadership at the principal level positively correlates with quality classroom teachers and improved student achievement (Portin et al., 2009). It also fosters a caring, supportive and inter-connected environment that inspires students and engages teachers (Seashore et al., 2010). Preparing competent, effective, and caring…

5 CFR 531.401 - Principal authorities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Principal authorities. 531.401 Section 531.401 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PAY UNDER THE GENERAL SCHEDULE Within-Grade Increases § 531.401 Principal authorities. The following are the...

Multidimensional Perspectives on Principal Leadership Effectiveness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beycioglu, Kadir, Ed.; Pashiardis, Petros, Ed.

2015-01-01

Exceptional management skills are crucial to success in educational environments. As school leaders, principals are expected to effectively supervise the school system while facing a multitude of issues and demands. "Multidimensional Perspectives on Principal Leadership Effectiveness" combines best practices and the latest approaches in…

Sparse principal component analysis in medical shape modeling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sjöstrand, Karl; Stegmann, Mikkel B.; Larsen, Rasmus

2006-03-01

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used tool in medical image analysis for data reduction, model building, and data understanding and exploration. While PCA is a holistic approach where each new variable is a linear combination of all original variables, sparse PCA (SPCA) aims at producing easily interpreted models through sparse loadings, i.e. each new variable is a linear combination of a subset of the original variables. One of the aims of using SPCA is the possible separation of the results into isolated and easily identifiable effects. This article introduces SPCA for shape analysis in medicine. Results for three different data sets are given in relation to standard PCA and sparse PCA by simple thresholding of small loadings. Focus is on a recent algorithm for computing sparse principal components, but a review of other approaches is supplied as well. The SPCA algorithm has been implemented using Matlab and is available for download. The general behavior of the algorithm is investigated, and strengths and weaknesses are discussed. The original report on the SPCA algorithm argues that the ordering of modes is not an issue. We disagree on this point and propose several approaches to establish sensible orderings. A method that orders modes by decreasing variance and maximizes the sum of variances for all modes is presented and investigated in detail.

Good Cop, Bad Cop: Exploring School Principals' Emotionally Manipulative Behaviours

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berkovich, Izhak; Eyal, Ori

2017-01-01

Research on school principals' behaviours that affect teachers' emotional states is limited. Currently, the focus is primarily on extreme manifestations of mistreatment and emotional abuse; normative daily behaviours, such as emotionally manipulative ones, have yet to be explored. The purpose of the present study is to investigate primary school…

Coaches' and Principals' Conceptualizations of the Roles of Elementary Mathematics Coaches

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Salkind, Gwenanne M.

2010-01-01

Many schools employ coaches to support mathematics instruction and student learning. This research study investigated the roles of coaches from five school districts in Virginia. Participants included 125 elementary mathematics coaches and 59 principals. Results from cross-sectional surveys revealed that most coaches did not have a degree in…

Effects of Vice-Principals' Psychological Empowerment on Job Satisfaction and Burnout

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schermuly, Carsten C.; Schermuly, Rene A.; Meyer, Bertolt

2011-01-01

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate the relationship between psychological empowerment, job satisfaction, and burnout among vice-principals (VPs) in primary schools. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 103 VPs at 103 different primary schools in Germany were surveyed with a questionnaire that assessed the four dimensions of psychological…

Goal Setting in Principal Evaluation: Goal Quality and Predictors of Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sinnema, Claire E. L.; Robinson, Viviane M. J.

2012-01-01

This article draws on goal-setting theory to investigate the goals set by experienced principals during their performance evaluations. While most goals were about teaching and learning, they tended to be vaguely expressed and only partially achieved. Five predictors (commitment, challenge, learning, effort, and support) explained a significant…

Principals of Effective Schools Are Strong Instructional Leaders.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jordan, Ian

1986-01-01

Examines research on effective schools and on principals as instructional leaders. Research shows that principals of effective schools are strong instructional leaders. Mention is made of weaknesses found in the research on principals as instructional leaders. (MD)

Illinois Secondary Principals' Perceptions and Expectations Concerning Students Who Use African American Vernacular English in an Academic Setting

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McClendon, Garrard Overton

2010-01-01

This study investigates principals' individual and aggregate perceptions of and expectations for students who use African American Vernacular English. Using the African American English Teacher Attitude Scale (AAETAS), the study seeks to describe the relationship between principals' demographic characteristics and their perceptions of African…

Professional Development of Principals. ERIC Digest.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fenwick, Leslie T.; Pierce, Mildred C.

Contemporary models of school reform acknowledge the principal as the passport to school success and the manager of an increasingly complex organization. This digest asserts that principals benefit from professional development that examines best practices, provides coaching support, encourages risk taking designed to improve student learning,…

High School Principals and Money Management.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gonzales, Kathleen; Bogotch, Ira

This study describes the managing of discretionary, school-generated monies by high school principals.. Principals (N=1303) in large, public high schools were asked about the policies and practices pertaining to the fiscal management of discretionary funds, like business partnerships, student activities, athletics, concessions, fundraising, and…

A study of the professional development needs of Shiraz high schools' principals in the area of educational leadership.

PubMed

Hayat, Aliasghar; Abdollahi, Bijan; Zainabadi, Hasan Reza; Arasteh, Hamid Reza

2015-07-01

The increased emphasis on standards-based school accountability since the passage of the no child left behind act of 2001 is focusing critical attention on the professional development of school principals and their ability to meet the challenges of improving the student outcomes. Due to this subject, the current study examined professional development needs of Shiraz high schools principals. The statistical population consisted of 343 principals of Shiraz high schools, of whom 250 subjects were selected using Krejcie and Morgan (1978) sample size determination table. To collect the data, a questionnaire developed by Salazar (2007) was administered. This questionnaire was designed for professional development in the leadership skills/competencies and consisted of 25 items in each leadership performance domain using five-point Likert-type scales. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed and the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was (a=0.78). To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and Paired-Samples t-test were used. Also, the data was analyzed through SPSS14 software. The findings showed that principals' "Importance" ratings were always higher than their "Actual proficiency" ratings. The mean score of the difference between "Importance" and "Actual proficiency" pair on "Organizing resources" was 2.11, making it the highest "need" area. The lowest need area was "Managing the organization and operational procedures" at 0.81. Also, the results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the means of the "Importance" and the corresponding means on the "Actual proficiency" (Difference of means=1.48, t=49.38, p<0.001). Based on the obtained results, the most important professional development needs of the principals included organizing resources, resolving complex problems, understanding student development and learning, developing the vision and the mission, building team commitment, understanding measurements, evaluation and

37 CFR 2.46 - Principal Register.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Principal Register. 2.46 Section 2.46 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE RULES OF PRACTICE IN TRADEMARK CASES The Written Application § 2.46 Principal Register. All...

Social Media Strategies for School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cox, Dan; McLeod, Scott

2014-01-01

The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe, analyze, and interpret the experiences of school principals who use multiple social media tools with stakeholders as part of their comprehensive communications practices. Additionally, it examined why school principals have chosen to communicate with their stakeholders through social media.…

Principal Vacancies and Appointments 2009-10

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robertson, Sally

2011-01-01

School leadership in New Zealand has gained more attention in recent years. The New Zealand Council for Educational Research (NZCER) began collecting data on all principal advertisements in the "Education Gazette" in late 2007. This brief report analyses principal vacancies advertised in the "Education Gazette" in 2009 and…

Superintendents' Perceptions of the Principal Shortage

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pijanowski, John C.; Hewitt, Paul M.; Brady, Kevin P.

2009-01-01

The research literature on the principal shortage is inconsistent regarding the actual scope of the shortage and a clear articulation of factors contributing to the successful recruitment and retention of today's school leaders. Often, critical data related to the principal shortage are ignored, including the number of younger principals…

The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Transformational Leadership, and Effectiveness in School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hebert, Elizabeth B.

2010-01-01

In the rapidly changing school environment effective principals are needed to make necessary changes while also developing a culture of shared responsibility and community (Hallinger & Heck, 1998; Leithwood & Jantzi, 1999). The correlation between transformational leadership and emotional intelligence was investigated in this quantitative…

Principal Attitudes Regarding Zero Tolerance and Racial Disparities in School Suspensions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heilbrun, Anna; Cornell, Dewey; Lovegrove, Peter

2015-01-01

Zero tolerance school discipline practices have been associated with a national increase in suspensions, a practice that has had a disproportionate negative impact on Black students. The present study investigated an association between principal attitudes toward zero tolerance and suspension rates for White and Black students in 306 Virginia high…

What Are the Characteristics of Principals Identified As Effective by Teachers?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fowler, William J., Jr.

This exploratory study investigated which characteristics of a principal are identified as effective by teachers in the same school setting. The data were obtained from the Schools and Staffing Study of 1988, from the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The Teacher Questionnaire of the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) questioned…

District Leadership for Effective Principal Evaluation and Support

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kimball, Steven M.; Arrigoni, Jessica; Clifford, Matthew; Yoder, Maureen; Milanowski, Anthony

2015-01-01

Research demonstrating principals' impact on student learning outcomes has fueled the shift from principals as facilities managers to an emphasis on instructional leadership (Hallinger & Heck, 1996; Leithwood, Louis, Anderson, & Wahlstrom, 2004; Marzano, Waters, & McNulty, 2005). Principals are under increasing pressure to carry out…

School Restructuring and the Dilemmas of Principals' Work.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wildy, Helen; Louden, William

2000-01-01

The complexity of principals' work may be characterized according to three dilemmas: accountability, autonomy, and efficiency. Narrative vignettes of 74 Australian principals revealed that principals were fair and inclusive. When faced with restructuring dilemmas, however, they favored strong over shared leadership, efficiency over collaboration,…

The Principal's Guide to Grant Success.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bauer, David G.

This book provides principals of public and private elementary and middle schools with a step-by-step approach for developing a system that empowers faculty, staff, and the school community in attracting grant funds. Following the introduction, chapter 1 discusses the principal's role in supporting grantseeking. Chapter 2 describes how to…

Principals as Partners: Counselors as Collaborators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dahir, Carol A.; Burnham, Joy J.; Stone, Carolyn B.; Cobb, Nicole

2010-01-01

School principals and school counselors have the ability to forge a unique collaborative relationship to improve student achievement. Historically, school counselors have altered the primary focus of their work as deemed by the perspective of their principals. With an emphasis on improving student success in school, this study revealed the…

Do Principals Fire the Worst Teachers?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jacob, Brian A.

2011-01-01

This article takes advantage of a unique policy change to examine how principals make decisions regarding teacher dismissal. In 2004, the Chicago Public Schools (CPS) and Chicago Teachers Union signed a new collective bargaining agreement that gave principals the flexibility to dismiss probationary teachers for any reason and without the…

Framing Research on School Principals' Identities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crow, Gary; Day, Christopher; Møller, Jorunn

2017-01-01

This paper provides a basis for a tentative framework for guiding future research into principals' identity construction and development. It is situated in the context of persisting emphases placed by government policies on the need for technocratic competencies in principals as a means of demonstrating success defined largely as compliance with…

The Importance of the Assistant Principal.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Landmeier, Ralph W.

Because of the difficulty of current and emerging school problems, the assistant principal needs to be knowledgeable in such diverse areas as accounting, school finance, school law, student rights, book censorship, and women's equity. In addition, it is necessary that the assistant principal be involved in curriculum improvement, evaluations,…

Revising the Role of Principal Supervisor

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saltzman, Amy

2016-01-01

In Washington, D.C., and Tulsa, Okla., districts whose efforts are supported by the Wallace Foundation, principal supervisors concentrate on bolstering their principals' work to improve instruction, as opposed to focusing on the managerial or operational aspects of running a school. Supervisors oversee fewer schools, which enables them to provide…

The Daily Practices of Successful Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brock, Barbara L.; Grady, Marilyn L.

2011-01-01

While many books outline the attributes of successful school leaders, few describe how those traits manifest in daily practice. "The Daily Practices of Successful Principals" goes beyond the outward picture of excellence and provides a compendium of daily practices used by successful principals in various settings. Written by former administrators…

Estimating Principal Effectiveness. Working Paper 32

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Branch, Gregory; Hanushek, Eric; Rivkin, Steven

2009-01-01

Much has been written about the importance of school leadership, but there is surprisingly little systematic evidence on this topic. This paper presents preliminary estimates of key elements of the market for school principals, employing rich panel data on principals from Texas State. The consideration of teacher movements across schools suggests…

Principals' Social Interactions with Teachers: How Principal-Teacher Social Relations Correlate with Teachers' Perceptions of Student Engagement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Price, Heather E.

2015-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to link the social interactions between principals and their teachers to teachers' perceptions of their students' engagement with school, empirically testing the theoretical proposition that principals influence students through their teachers in the US charter school environment. The mediating influence of…

Negligence--When Is the Principal Liable? A Legal Memorandum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stern, Ralph D., Ed.

Negligence, a tort liability, is defined, discussed, and reviewed in relation to several court decisions involving school principals. The history of liability suits against school principals suggests that a reasonable, prudent principal can avoid legal problems. Ten guidelines are presented to assist principals in avoiding charges of negligence.…

The Principal and the Law. Elementary Principal Series No. 7.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doverspike, David E.; Cone, W. Henry

Developments over the past 25 years in school-related legal issues in elementary schools have significantly changed the principal's role. In 1975, a decision of the U.S. Supreme Court established three due-process guidelines for short-term suspension. The decision requires student notification of charges, explanation of evidence, and an informal…

Principal Concerns: Addressing Statewide Principal Pipelines with Data and Strategy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Campbell, Christine; Gross, Bethany

2012-01-01

Discussions about human capital and school improvement typically center on teachers, not administrators, and that's a mistake. Principals, who are responsible for selecting and developing the teachers they know are so important, are a critical driver of school success. So it is imperative that states do everything they can to find, deploy, and…

Principals' Experiences of Being Evaluated: A Phenomenological Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parylo, Oksana; Zepeda, Sally J.; Bengtson, Ed

2012-01-01

This phenomenological study sought to understand principals' lived experiences of being evaluated with reliance on the principles of developmental supervision and adult learning theory. Analysis of interview data from 16 principals revealed 3 major constructs in principal evaluation: evaluation is a complex, constantly changing system; principal…

Effective Principal Behaviors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Research for Better Schools, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.

This paper summarizes research findings related to the performance behaviors of effective school principals. It identifies eight characteristics of effective schools: (1) schoolwide measurement and recognition of academic success; (2) high emphasis on curriculum articulation; (3) support for instructional tasks; (4) high expectations and clear…

A reduction in ag/residential signature conflict using principal components analysis of LANDSAT temporal data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williams, D. L.; Borden, F. Y.

1977-01-01

Methods to accurately delineate the types of land cover in the urban-rural transition zone of metropolitan areas were considered. The application of principal components analysis to multidate LANDSAT imagery was investigated as a means of reducing the overlap between residential and agricultural spectral signatures. The statistical concepts of principal components analysis were discussed, as well as the results of this analysis when applied to multidate LANDSAT imagery of the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area.

The Influence of Extracurricular Activities on Student Performance Perceived by Texas Rural High School Principals with Successful Extracurricular Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Granger, Christopher John

2014-01-01

This study was designed to investigate the influence of student participation in extracurricular activities, as perceived by rural high school principals, with successful extracurricular programs. Participating principals were asked about their perceptions on the influence of student participation in extracurricular activities on student…

Stress Indicators of Kentucky Elementary Principals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kirby, H. J.; And Others

Stress has become a problem to educational administrators who often report a high level of stress. This study explored the perceived stress levels of Kentucky elementary school principals. Questionnaires mailed to 200 elementary school principals produced 115 usable returns, a 57.5 percent response rate. The questionnaire consisted of a 24-item…

Urban Principals' Second Order Change Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Rosemarye T.; La Cava, Gonzalo S.

2011-01-01

Urban school leaders have challenges in continually improving student achievement and making change as quickly as needed. To address this problem 37 non-Title I principals completed an on-line survey, Principal's Actions Survey (PAS), based on the seven responsibilities for second order change identified by Marzano, Waters, and McNulty (2005).…

Should Principals Know More about Law?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doctor, Tyrus L.

2013-01-01

Educational law is a critical piece of the education conundrum. Principals reference law books on a daily basis in order to address the wide range of complex problems in the school system. A principal's knowledge of law issues and legal decision-making are essential to provide effective feedback for a successful school.

Special Topic/The Principal's Priority 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Jean

2008-01-01

Five Public Agenda surveys--A Mission of the Heart (2008); Lessons Learned (2008); Reality Check 2006; Rolling Up Their Sleeves (2003); and Stand by Me (2003)--provide snapshots of how instructional leadership is working in schools. Most principals see instructional leadership as a key mission. "Transformer" principals are able to focus squarely…

The Awesome Power of the Principal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fullan, Michael

2010-01-01

After more than 20 years of vague reference to the principal as instructional leader, progress is finally being made, and the specificity and results are truly awesome. In 1989, William Smith and Richard Andrews wrote a monograph titled "Instructional Leadership: How Principals Make a Difference." In their study of 1,200 school…

Elementary Principals' Role in Science Instruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Casey, Patricia; Dunlap, Karen; Brown, Kristen; Davison, Michele

2012-01-01

This study explores the role elementary school principals play in science education. Specifically, the study employed an online survey of 16 elementary school principals at high-performing campuses in North Texas to explore their perceptions of how they influenced science education on their campuses. The survey used a combination of Likert-type…

Management Philosophies of Primary School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tas, Said

2011-01-01

The study aimed to determine the management philosophies of primary school principals. Stratification method of sampling was used in the study. The study sample consisted of 33 school principals and 132 teachers serving at primary education schools in Isparta in the academic year 2008-2009. The "Manager Philosophy Scale" developed by Tanriogen and…

A Principal's Guide to Reading Recovery.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith-Burke, M. Trika; Pinnell, Gay Su; Jackson, Mary; Wey, Susan; Askew, Billie J.; Hambright-Brown, Eloise

This guide, requested by principals across the nation, is intended to help them successfully implement Reading Recovery in their schools. The guide is organized by topics that experienced principals have said are important to ongoing program operation. To help access information quickly, a detailed table of contents is provided, as well as an…

Democratic Principals in Action: Eight Pioneers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blase, Joseph; And Others

This book was written for teachers and principals committed to instituting shared governance and more democratic forms of leadership and to help understand today's principalship and what it means to administer a shared-governance school. The data were derived from a study of successful principals in schools affiliated with the League of…

Effect of Leadership Styles of School Principals on Organizational Citizenship Behaviors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Avci, Ahmet

2016-01-01

The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between the leadership styles of principals and organizational citizenship behaviors of teachers according to teachers' perceptions. In this research, a relational survey model was used. Data for the research were obtained from 1,723 teachers working in public and private schools which…

An Analysis of School Principals' Listening Skills According to Teacher Feedback

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yavuz, Mustafa

2010-01-01

This study investigates school principals' listening skills according to teacher feedback in terms of a number of variables. The study is conducted according to a general survey model. The sample consists of 477 elementary, general and vocational secondary school teachers working in Konya, Turkey, in the 2007-2008 education year. The sample was…

The influence of iliotibial band syndrome history on running biomechanics examined via principal components analysis.

PubMed

Foch, Eric; Milner, Clare E

2014-01-03

Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) is a common knee overuse injury among female runners. Atypical discrete trunk and lower extremity biomechanics during running may be associated with the etiology of ITBS. Examining discrete data points limits the interpretation of a waveform to a single value. Characterizing entire kinematic and kinetic waveforms may provide additional insight into biomechanical factors associated with ITBS. Therefore, the purpose of this cross-sectional investigation was to determine whether female runners with previous ITBS exhibited differences in kinematics and kinetics compared to controls using a principal components analysis (PCA) approach. Forty participants comprised two groups: previous ITBS and controls. Principal component scores were retained for the first three principal components and were analyzed using independent t-tests. The retained principal components accounted for 93-99% of the total variance within each waveform. Runners with previous ITBS exhibited low principal component one scores for frontal plane hip angle. Principal component one accounted for the overall magnitude in hip adduction which indicated that runners with previous ITBS assumed less hip adduction throughout stance. No differences in the remaining retained principal component scores for the waveforms were detected among groups. A smaller hip adduction angle throughout the stance phase of running may be a compensatory strategy to limit iliotibial band strain. This running strategy may have persisted after ITBS symptoms subsided. © 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

What Should Be Done with "Fit" in Principal Selection?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmer, Brandon; Kelly, Joseph; Mullooly, James

2016-01-01

Although the school principal's role has been growing in importance, the methods used to select principals have not changed much since the 1950s. Moreover, researchers have seldom scrutinized principal selection methods; yet, significant procedural issues exist. The concept of "fit" has been used within principal selection for decades,…

The Search for Connections across Principal Preparation, Principal Performance, and Student Achievement in an Exemplary Principal Preparation Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Donmoyer, Robert; Yennie-Donmoyer, June; Galloway, Fred

2012-01-01

Critics complain that the educational leadership researchers have not produced evidence that demonstrates that principal preparation programs affect student achievement. This study addressed this complaint by focusing on the impact of one exemplary program on graduates and the schools they led. The preponderance-of-evidence strategy used in this…

Practical Guide to Designing Comprehensive Principal Evaluation Systems: A Tool to Assist in the Development of Principal Evaluation Systems. Revised Edition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clifford, Matthew; Hansen, Ulcca Joshni; Wraight, Sara

2014-01-01

Across the country, states and districts are designing principal evaluation systems as a means of improving leadership, learning, and school performance. Principal evaluation systems hold potential for supporting leaders' learning and sense of accountability for instructional excellence and student performance. Principal evaluation also is an…

The Superintendent/Principal: A Position Born in Purgatory

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curry, Michael C.; Wolf, Lora L.

2017-01-01

The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the priority level of the roles and responsibilities of the superintendent/principal in Illinois as perceived by board of education presidents, teachers' union presidents, and practicing superintendent/principals in the 102 Illinois school districts utilizing the superintendent/principal model.…

Promoting principals' managerial involvement in instructional improvement

PubMed Central

Gillat, Alex; Sulzer-Azaroff, Beth

1994-01-01

Studies of school leadership suggest that visiting classrooms, emphasizing achievement and training, and supporting teachers are important indicators of the effectiveness of school principals. The utility of a behavior-analytic program to support the enhancement of these behaviors in 2 school principals and the impact of their involvement upon teachers' and students' performances in three classes were examined in two experiments, one at an elementary school and another at a secondary school. Treatment conditions consisted of helping the principal or teacher to schedule his or her time and to use goal setting, feedback, and praise. A withdrawal design (Experiment 1) and a multiple baseline across classrooms (Experiment 2) showed that the principal's and teacher's rates of praise, feedback, and goal setting increased during the intervention, and were associated with improvements in the academic performance of the students. In the future, school psychologists might analyze the impact of involving themselves in supporting the principal's involvement in improving students' and teachers' performances or in playing a similar leadership role themselves. PMID:16795819

Promoting principals' managerial involvement in instructional improvement.

PubMed

Gillat, A

1994-01-01

Studies of school leadership suggest that visiting classrooms, emphasizing achievement and training, and supporting teachers are important indicators of the effectiveness of school principals. The utility of a behavior-analytic program to support the enhancement of these behaviors in 2 school principals and the impact of their involvement upon teachers' and students' performances in three classes were examined in two experiments, one at an elementary school and another at a secondary school. Treatment conditions consisted of helping the principal or teacher to schedule his or her time and to use goal setting, feedback, and praise. A withdrawal design (Experiment 1) and a multiple baseline across classrooms (Experiment 2) showed that the principal's and teacher's rates of praise, feedback, and goal setting increased during the intervention, and were associated with improvements in the academic performance of the students. In the future, school psychologists might analyze the impact of involving themselves in supporting the principal's involvement in improving students' and teachers' performances or in playing a similar leadership role themselves.

School Principal Speech about Fiscal Mismanagement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hassenpflug, Ann

2015-01-01

A review of two recent federal court cases concerning school principals who experienced adverse job actions after they engaged in speech about fiscal misconduct by other employees indicates that the courts found that the principal's speech was made as part of his or her job duties and was not protected by the First Amendment.

Preparing Principals to Improve Student Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Corcoran, Roisin P.

2017-01-01

Background: The growing interest in principal effectiveness as a means of improving teaching and student learning has led to a focus on the quality of principal preparation programs (PPPs) with calls for the adoption of PPP accountability systems similar to those of teacher preparation programs. Objective: The purpose of the present study is to…

How Not to Prepare School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, Stephen H.; Leon, Ronald J.

2011-01-01

Instead of focusing on how principals should be trained, an contrarian view is offered, grounded upon theoretical perspectives of experiential learning, and in particular, upon the theory of andragogy. A brief parable of the DoNoHarm School of Medicine is used as a descriptive analog for many principal preparation programs in America. The…

Primary School Principals' Self-Monitoring Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Konan, Necdet

2015-01-01

The aim of the present study is to identify primary school principals' self-monitoring skills. The study adopted the general survey model and its population comprised primary school principals serving in the city of Diyarbakir, Turkey, while 292 of these constituted the sample. Self-Monitoring Scale was used as the data collection instrument. In…

Handheld Computers: A Boon for Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brazell, Wayne

2005-01-01

As I reflect on my many years as an elementary school principal, I realize how much more effective I would have been if I had owned a wireless handheld computer. This relatively new technology can provide considerable assistance to today?s principals and recent advancements have increased its functions and capacity. Handheld computers are…

Preparing Future Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whitaker, Kathryn

2006-01-01

Nationwide, school district administrators are puzzling about how to increase the number of high quality principal candidates. Some districts have started programs to grow their own administrators. These districts, sometimes in conjunction with university programs, are providing training and mentoring for future school leaders. Some districts are…

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Traditional and Alternative Principal Preparation Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pannell, Summer; Peltier-Glaze, Bernnell M.; Haynes, Ingrid; Davis, Delilah; Skelton, Carrie

2015-01-01

This study sought to determine the effectiveness on increasing student achievement of principals trained in a traditional principal preparation program and those trained in an alternate route principal preparation program within the same Mississippi university. Sixty-six Mississippi principals and assistant principals participated in the study. Of…

Machiavellian Behavior and School Principals' Level of Stress.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fortin, Jean-Claude

To explore the existence of a relationship between the school principal's perceived level of stress and his or her machiavellian behavior, principals of francophone secondary schools from Ontario and Quebec were asked to complete the Administrative Stress Index and the Machiavellian Scale Attitude Inventory. Of the 83 principals asked to…

Principal Turnover: Upheaval and Uncertainty in Charter Schools?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ni, Yongmei; Sun, Min; Rorrer, Andrea

2015-01-01

Purpose: Informed by literature on labor market and school choice, this study aims to examine the dynamics of principal career movements in charter schools by comparing principal turnover rates and patterns between charter schools and traditional public schools. Research Methods/Approach: This study uses longitudinal data on Utah principals and…

The Development of Assistant Principals: A Literature Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oleszewski, Ashley; Shoho, Alan; Barnett, Bruce

2012-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this review is to add to the discussion of assistant principals (APs), a position that has been under-represented in the professional literature. Design/methodology/approach: An extensive search was undertaken on assistant principals, vice principals, and deputy head teachers from various sources, including journals,…

What Research Tells the Principal about Educational Leadership.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Irwin, Claire C.

Recent studies indicate that the principal is key in planning for change and that innovations can succeed when the principal as change facilitator shares responsibility with others--assistant principals, teachers, and parents. This paper discusses two areas: (1) student learning enhanced through cultivation of critical thinking skills; and (2)…

Leaving Fingerprints: Principals' Considerations While Implementing Education Reforms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schechter, Chen; Shaked, Haim

2017-01-01

Purpose: Turning an education reform program into school reality greatly depends on the principal. In certain cases, principals choose to implement reform instructions only partially. The purpose of this paper is to explore school principals' considerations leading to their decisions not to fulfill a national reform's guidelines in a full and…

Principal Stratification — Uses and Limitations

PubMed Central

VanderWeele, Tyler J

2011-01-01

Pearl (2011) asked for the causal inference community to clarify the role of the principal stratification framework in the analysis of causal effects. Here, I argue that the notion of principal stratification has shed light on problems of non-compliance, censoring-by-death, and the analysis of post-infection outcomes; that it may be of use in considering problems of surrogacy but further development is needed; that it is of some use in assessing “direct effects”; but that it is not the appropriate tool for assessing “mediation.” There is nothing within the principal stratification framework that corresponds to a measure of an “indirect” or “mediated” effect. PMID:21841939

The Effects of Principals' Leadership Styles, Teacher Efficacy, and Teachers' Trust in Their Principals on Student Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bozman, Charles E., Sr.

2011-01-01

The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the principals' leadership behavioral style, teacher' efficacious beliefs, and teachers' trust in the principal to the schools' graduation rate, the ACT and TCAP writing assessment school-wide averages, and the AYP English/reading and AYP mathematics school-wide. Working on the…