Associations between a health-promoting lifestyle and quality of life among adults with beta-thalassemia major.

PubMed

Maheri, Aghbabak; Sadeghi, Roya; Shojaeizadeh, Davoud; Tol, Azar; Yaseri, Mehdi; Ebrahimi, Mojtaba

2016-01-01

A health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) is a factor that affects the quality of life (QoL) in patients with beta-thalassemia (β-thalassemia). Due to the lack of studies of this issue, this study aimed to determine the association between HPL and QoL among adults with β-thalassemia. This cross-sectional (descriptive-analytic) study was conducted among 389 adult patients with β-thalassemia in Tehran, Iran. The research instrument included a questionnaire consisting of three parts: demographic items, the Short-Form Health Survey and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. The results were considered significant at the conventional p<0.05 level. The mean age of the participants was 30.2±8.3 years. The mean score of the HPL dimensions was 127.28±21.53, and the mean score of the QoL domains was 61.44±23.38. The highest and the lowest mean scores of the HPL dimensions were found for spiritual growth (23.96±5.74) and physical activity (11.32±3.95), respectively. The QoL scores in all three domains (total, physical component summary score, and mental component summary score) were moderate. Health responsibility, physical activity, spiritual growth, and interpersonal relations were significant predictive factors of QoL in adults with β-thalassemia; these four dimensions explained 37.9% of the variance in QoL. QoL and HPL were not at acceptable levels among patients with thalassemia. Therefore, educational interventions emphasizing spiritual growth, physical activity, and interpersonal relations are necessary for patients with thalassemia.

Critical evaluation of a specific ELISA and two enzymatic assays of pancreatic lipases in human sera.

PubMed

Grandval, Philippe; De Caro, Alain; De Caro, Josiane; Sias, Barbara; Carrière, Frédéric; Verger, Robert; Laugier, René

2004-01-01

Human pancreatic lipases (HPL) include the classical HPL, and two related proteins known as pancreatic lipase-related proteins 1 and 2 (HPLRP1 and 2). The aim of this study was to develop an ELISA for specifically quantifying the classical-HPL level in sera of patients with and without pancreatic disorders. The specific activity of various human (including classical-HPL) and microbial lipases was measured using Lipa Vitros and potentiometric (pH-stat) assays. A double sandwich ELISA was also set up, using an anti-classical-HPL polyclonal antibody and a biotinylated monoclonal antibody (mAb 146-40) specific to the classical-HPL. Sera (n = 53) were collected from patients with and without pancreatic disorders. The lipase concentration was deduced from the measured lipolytic activity and compared with the corresponding classical-HPL concentration, measured with the ELISA. Both the purified HPLRP2 and 3 lipases of microbial origin were found to have a significant and unexpected lipolytic activity under the standard Lipa Vitros assay, whereas the ELISA test developed in the present study was found to be specific for the classical-HPL, due to the absence of cross-reactivity between mAb 146-40, HPLRP1 and HPLRP2. The efficiency of the ELISA was assessed in terms of its reproducibility and accuracy. The lower detection limit of classical-HPL was found to be 0.03 microg/l. A good correlation was found to exist between the lipase concentrations obtained in the ELISA, pH-stat and Lipa Vitros tests, in both the control and pathological groups. This is the first time a specific method of measuring classical-HPL in human serum has been proposed. Using this ELISA, we established with the 53 sera selected in the present study, that the Lipa Vitros assay as well as the pH-stat assay were mostly detecting classical pancreatic lipase. However, it is possible that other lipases such as HPLRP2 or lipases of microbial origin, present in some pathological sera, may well interfere with

Human Platelet Lysate as a Replacement for Fetal Bovine Serum in Limbal Stem Cell Therapy.

PubMed

Suri, Kunal; Gong, Hwee K; Yuan, Ching; Kaufman, Stephen C

2016-10-01

To evaluate the use of human platelet lysate (HPL) as an alternative supplement for limbal explant culture. Culture media were prepared using either 10% pooled HPL (PHPL), single donor HPL, or fetal bovine serum (FBS). Limbal tissues, obtained from the Minnesota Lions Eye Bank, were cultured in each medium on plastic plates or on denuded amniotic membrane (AM). Immunofluorescence staining was performed for ABCG2, tumor protein p63α, and cytokeratin 3 (K3). Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate the expression of ABCG2 and p63. Limbal explants grown in each medium were labeled with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) to assess the proliferative capacity in each medium. Concentration of growth factors including epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) in HPL and PHPL was compared to that in human serum (HS). Immunofluorescence staining on AM showed prominent expression of ABCG2, p63α but sparse expression of K3 in HPL and PHPL supplemented medium. Real time-PCR showed 1.7 fold higher expression of ABCG2 in PHPL supplemented medium (p = 0.03), and similar expression of p63 in HPL and PHPL supplemented medium compared to FBS medium. The proliferation assay showed that LSCs retained their proliferative potential in HPL supplemented medium. Higher concentration of growth factors were found in HPL, compared to HS. Human platelet lysate has higher concentration of grown factors and is effective in maintaining growth and stem cell phenotype of corneal limbal explant cultures.

Phenotypical and functional characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow: comparison of culture using different media supplemented with human platelet lysate or fetal bovine serum

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells able to differentiate into several mesenchymal lineages, classically derived from bone marrow (BM) but potentially from umbilical cord blood (UCB). Although they are becoming a good tool for regenerative medicine, they usually need to be expanded in fetal bovine serum (FBS)-supplemented media. Human platelet lysate (HPL) has recently been proposed as substitute for safety reasons, but it is not yet clear how this supplement influences the properties of expanded MSCs. Methods In the present study, we compared the effect of various media combining autologous HPL with or without FBS on phenotypic, proliferative and functional (differentiation, cytokine secretion profile) characteristics of human BM-derived MSCs. Results Despite less expression of adipogenic and osteogenic markers, MSCs cultured in HPL-supplemented media fully differentiated along osteoblastic, adipogenic, chondrogenic and vascular smooth muscle lineages. The analyses of particular specific proteins expressed during osteogenic differentiation (calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and parathormone receptor (PTHR)) showed their decrease at D0 before any induction for MSC cultured with HPL mostly at high percentage (10%HPL). The cytokine dosage showed a clear increase of proliferation capacity and interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 secretion. Conclusions This study shows that MSCs can be expanded in media supplemented with HPL that can totally replace FBS. HPL-supplemented media not only preserves their phenotype as well as their differentiation capacity, but also shortens culture time by increasing their growth rate. PMID:22333342

Cytochrome P450-Dependent Metabolism of Oxylipins in Tomato. Cloning and Expression of Allene Oxide Synthase and Fatty Acid Hydroperoxide Lyase1

PubMed Central

Howe, Gregg A.; Lee, Gyu In; Itoh, Aya; Li, Lei; DeRocher, Amy E.

2000-01-01

Allene oxide synthase (AOS) and fatty acid hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) are plant-specific cytochrome P450s that commit fatty acid hydroperoxides to different branches of oxylipin metabolism. Here we report the cloning and characterization of AOS (LeAOS) and HPL (LeHPL) cDNAs from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Functional expression of the cDNAs in Escherichia coli showed that LeAOS and LeHPL encode enzymes that metabolize 13- but not 9-hydroperoxide derivatives of C18 fatty acids. LeAOS was active against both 13S-hydroperoxy-9(Z),11(E),15(Z)-octadecatrienoic acid (13-HPOT) and 13S-hydroperoxy-9(Z),11(E)-octadecadienoic acid, whereas LeHPL showed a strong preference for 13-HPOT. These results suggest a role for LeAOS and LeHPL in the metabolism of 13-HPOT to jasmonic acid and hexenal/traumatin, respectively. LeAOS expression was detected in all organs of the plant. In contrast, LeHPL expression was predominant in leaves and flowers. Damage inflicted to leaves by chewing insect larvae led to an increase in the local and systemic expression of both genes, with LeAOS showing the strongest induction. Wound-induced expression of LeAOS also occurred in the def-1 mutant that is deficient in octadecanoid-based signaling of defensive proteinase inhibitor genes. These results demonstrate that tomato uses genetically distinct signaling pathways for the regulation of different classes of wound responsive genes. PMID:10859201

The Synthesis of Human Placental Lactogen by Ribosomes Derived from Human Placenta

PubMed Central

Boime, Irving; Boguslawski, Sophie

1974-01-01

In a very active cell-free system containing polysomes derived from human placenta and a cell-sap fraction prepared from ascites tumor cells, the synthesis of the hormone human placental lactogen (HPL) was detected. The identification was based on the following: (a) The in vitro synthesized protein labeled with [35S]methionine migrated at the same rate as authentic HPL on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels and (b) tryptic fingerprint analysis of the labeled protein yielded peptides having the same mobilities as seen with the same analysis of purified HPL. The amount of HPL synthesized in a cell-free system containing polysomes derived from term placenta was about 10% of the total proteins synthesized and in a comparable system containing first trimester ribosomes the level of synthesis was about 5%. These data suggest the potential for quantitating the HPL mRNA activity as a function of the period of gestation and for isolating the mRNA itself. Images PMID:4524639

Mineralization by mesenchymal stromal cells is variously modulated depending on commercial platelet lysate preparations.

PubMed

Boraldi, Federica; Burns, Jorge S; Bartolomeo, Angelica; Dominici, Massimo; Quaglino, Daniela

2018-03-01

Numerous cellular models have been developed to investigate calcification for regenerative medicine applications and for the identification of therapeutic targets in various complications associated with age-related diseases. However, results have often been contradictory due to specific culture conditions, cell type ontogeny and aging status. Human platelet lysate (hPL) has been recently investigated as valuable alternative to fetal bovine serum (FBS) in cell culture and bone regeneration. A parallel comparison of how all these multiple factors may converge to influence mineralization has yet to be reported. To compare mineralization of human mesenchymal cell types known to differ in extracellular matrix calcification potency, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and dermal fibroblasts from neonatal and adult donors, at both low and high passages, were investigated in an ex vivo experimental model by supplementing the osteogenic induction medium with FBS or with hPL. Four commercial hPL preparations were profiled by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight spectrometry, and mineralization was visualized by von Kossa staining and quantified by morphometric evaluations after 9, 14 and 21 days of culture. Data demonstrate that (i) commercial hPL preparations differ according to mass spectra profiles, (ii) hPL variously influences mineral deposition depending on cell line and possibly on platelet product preparation methods, (iii) donor age modifies mineral deposition in the presence of the same hPL and (iv) reduced in vitro proliferative capacity affects osteogenic induction and response to hPL. Despite the standardized procedures applied to obtain commercial hPL, this study highlights the divergent effects of different preparations and emphasizes the importance of cellular ontology, donor age and cell proliferative capacity to optimize the osteogenic induction capabilities of mesenchymal stromal cells and design more effective

Hydroperoxide lyase depletion in transgenic potato plants leads to an increase in aphid performance

PubMed Central

Vancanneyt, Guy; Sanz, Carlos; Farmaki, Theodora; Paneque, Manuel; Ortego, Félix; Castañera, Pedro; Sánchez-Serrano, Jose J.

2001-01-01

Hydroperoxide lyases (HPLs) catalyze the cleavage of fatty acid hydroperoxides to aldehydes and oxoacids. These volatile aldehydes play a major role in forming the aroma of many plant fruits and flowers. In addition, they have antimicrobial activity in vitro and thus are thought to be involved in the plant defense response against pest and pathogen attack. An HPL activity present in potato leaves has been characterized and shown to cleave specifically 13-hydroperoxides of both linoleic and linolenic acids to yield hexanal and 3-hexenal, respectively, and 12-oxo-dodecenoic acid. A cDNA encoding this HPL has been isolated and used to monitor gene expression in healthy and mechanically damaged potato plants. HPL gene expression is subject to developmental control, being high in young leaves and attenuated in older ones, and it is induced weakly by wounding. HPL enzymatic activity, nevertheless, remains constant in leaves of different ages and also after wounding, suggesting that posttranscriptional mechanisms may regulate its activity levels. Antisense-mediated HPL depletion in transgenic potato plants has identified this enzyme as a major route of 13-fatty acid hydroperoxide degradation in the leaves. Although these transgenic plants have highly reduced levels of both hexanal and 3-hexenal, they show no phenotypic differences compared with wild-type ones, particularly in regard to the expression of wound-induced genes. However, aphids feeding on the HPL-depleted plants display approximately a two-fold increase in fecundity above those feeding on nontransformed plants, consistent with the hypothesis that HPL-derived products have a negative impact on aphid performance. Thus, HPL-catalyzed production of C6 aldehydes may be a key step of a built-in resistance mechanism of plants against some sucking insect pests. PMID:11416166

Hydroperoxide lyase depletion in transgenic potato plants leads to an increase in aphid performance.

PubMed

Vancanneyt, G; Sanz, C; Farmaki, T; Paneque, M; Ortego, F; Castañera, P; Sánchez-Serrano, J J

2001-07-03

Hydroperoxide lyases (HPLs) catalyze the cleavage of fatty acid hydroperoxides to aldehydes and oxoacids. These volatile aldehydes play a major role in forming the aroma of many plant fruits and flowers. In addition, they have antimicrobial activity in vitro and thus are thought to be involved in the plant defense response against pest and pathogen attack. An HPL activity present in potato leaves has been characterized and shown to cleave specifically 13-hydroperoxides of both linoleic and linolenic acids to yield hexanal and 3-hexenal, respectively, and 12-oxo-dodecenoic acid. A cDNA encoding this HPL has been isolated and used to monitor gene expression in healthy and mechanically damaged potato plants. HPL gene expression is subject to developmental control, being high in young leaves and attenuated in older ones, and it is induced weakly by wounding. HPL enzymatic activity, nevertheless, remains constant in leaves of different ages and also after wounding, suggesting that posttranscriptional mechanisms may regulate its activity levels. Antisense-mediated HPL depletion in transgenic potato plants has identified this enzyme as a major route of 13-fatty acid hydroperoxide degradation in the leaves. Although these transgenic plants have highly reduced levels of both hexanal and 3-hexenal, they show no phenotypic differences compared with wild-type ones, particularly in regard to the expression of wound-induced genes. However, aphids feeding on the HPL-depleted plants display approximately a two-fold increase in fecundity above those feeding on nontransformed plants, consistent with the hypothesis that HPL-derived products have a negative impact on aphid performance. Thus, HPL-catalyzed production of C6 aldehydes may be a key step of a built-in resistance mechanism of plants against some sucking insect pests.

Development of large-scale manufacturing of adipose-derived stromal cells for clinical applications using bioreactors and human platelet lysate.

PubMed

Haack-Sørensen, Mandana; Juhl, Morten; Follin, Bjarke; Harary Søndergaard, Rebekka; Kirchhoff, Maria; Kastrup, Jens; Ekblond, Annette

2018-04-17

In vitro expanded adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) are a useful resource for tissue regeneration. Translation of small-scale autologous cell production into a large-scale, allogeneic production process for clinical applications necessitates well-chosen raw materials and cell culture platform. We compare the use of clinical-grade human platelet lysate (hPL) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) as growth supplements for ASC expansion in the automated, closed hollow fibre quantum cell expansion system (bioreactor). Stromal vascular fractions were isolated from human subcutaneous abdominal fat. In average, 95 × 10 6 cells were suspended in 10% FBS or 5% hPL medium, and loaded into a bioreactor coated with cryoprecipitate. ASCs (P0) were harvested, and 30 × 10 6 ASCs were reloaded for continued expansion (P1). Feeding rate and time of harvest was guided by metabolic monitoring. Viability, sterility, purity, differentiation capacity, and genomic stability of ASCs P1 were determined. Cultivation of SVF in hPL medium for in average nine days, yielded 546 × 10 6 ASCs compared to 111 × 10 6 ASCs, after 17 days in FBS medium. ASCs P1 yields were in average 605 × 10 6 ASCs (PD [population doublings]: 4.65) after six days in hPL medium, compared to 119 × 10 6 ASCs (PD: 2.45) in FBS medium, after 21 days. ASCs fulfilled ISCT criteria and demonstrated genomic stability and sterility. The use of hPL as a growth supplement for ASCs expansion in the quantum cell expansion system provides an efficient expansion process compared to the use of FBS, while maintaining cell quality appropriate for clinical use. The described process is an obvious choice for manufacturing of large-scale allogeneic ASC products.

Human platelet lysate improves human cord blood derived ECFC survival and vasculogenesis in three dimensional (3D) collagen matrices

PubMed Central

Kim, Hyojin; Prasain, Nutan; Vemula, Sasidhar; Ferkowicz, Michael J.; Yoshimoto, Momoko; Voytik-Harbin, Sherry L.; Yoder, Mervin C.

2015-01-01

Human cord blood (CB) is enriched in circulating endothelial colony forming cells (ECFC) that display high proliferative potential and in vivo vessel forming ability. Since diminished ECFC survival is known to dampen the vasculogenic response in vivo, we tested how long implanted ECFC survive and generate vessels in three-dimensional (3D) type I collagen matrices in vitro and in vivo. We hypothesized that human platelet lysate (HPL) would promote cell survival and enhance vasculogenesis in the 3D collagen matrices. We report that the percentage of ECFC co-cultured with HPL that were alive was significantly enhanced on days 1 and 3 post- matrix formation, compared to ECFC alone containing matrices. Also, co-culture of ECFC with HPL displayed significantly more vasculogenic activity compared to ECFC alone and expressed significantly more pro-survival molecules (pAkt, p-Bad and Bcl-xL) in the 3D collagen matrices in vitro. Treatment with Akt1 inhibitor (A-674563), Akt2 inhibitor (CCT128930) and Bcl-xL inhibitor (ABT-263/Navitoclax) significantly decreased the cell survival and vasculogenesis of ECFC co-cultured with or without HPL and implicated activation of the Akt1 pathway as the critical mediator of the HPL effect on ECFC in vitro. A significantly greater average vessel number and total vascular area of human CD31+ vessels were present in implants containing ECFC and HPL, compared to the ECFC alone implants in vivo. We conclude that implantation of ECFC with HPL in vivo promotes vasculogenesis and augments blood vessel formation via diminishing apoptosis of the implanted ECFC. PMID:26122935

Comparison of human platelet lysate alternatives using expired and freshly isolated platelet concentrates for adipose-derived stromal cell expansion.

PubMed

Dessels, Carla; Durandt, Chrisna; Pepper, Michael S

2018-03-19

Pooled human platelet lysate (pHPL) has been used to expand adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) and can be formulated using fresh or expired buffy coats (BCs) which are then resuspended in either plasma or an additive solution. Not much is known about the effects that expired products and additive solutions have on ASC expansion, and the need for quality control and release criteria has been expressed. This pilot study compared proliferation, cell size, morphology and immunophenotype of ASCs expanded in the different pHPL alternatives versus foetal bovine serum (FBS). Quality control criteria were assessed prior to and during the manufacture of the pHPL alternatives. ASCs were then expanded in 1%, 2.5%, 5% or 10% of the different pHPL alternatives or in 10% FBS. Cell size, morphology, cell number and immunophenotype were measured using microscopy and flow cytometry. The majority of the pHPL alternatives were within the recommended ranges for the quality control criteria. ASCs expanded in the pHPL alternatives were smaller in size, displayed a tighter spindle-shaped morphology, increased cell growth and had a similar immunophenotype (with the exception of CD34 and CD36) when compared to ASCs expanded in FBS. Here we report on the effects that expired BC products and additive solutions have on ASC expansion. When taken together, our findings indicate that all of the pHPL alternatives can be considered to be suitable replacements for FBS for ASC expansion, and that expired BC products can be used as an alternative to fresh BC products.

Human serum and platelet lysate are appropriate xeno-free alternatives for clinical-grade production of human MuStem cell batches.

PubMed

Saury, Charlotte; Lardenois, Aurélie; Schleder, Cindy; Leroux, Isabelle; Lieubeau, Blandine; David, Laurent; Charrier, Marine; Guével, Laëtitia; Viau, Sabrina; Delorme, Bruno; Rouger, Karl

2018-05-02

Canine MuStem cells have demonstrated regenerative efficacy in a dog model of muscular dystrophy, and the recent characterization of human counterparts (hMuStem) has highlighted the therapeutic potential of this muscle-derived stem cell population. To date, these cells have only been generated in research-grade conditions. However, evaluation of the clinical efficacy of any such therapy will require the production of hMuStem cells in compliance with good manufacturing practices (GMPs). Because the current use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) to isolate and expand hMuStem cells raises several ethical, safety, and supply concerns, we assessed the use of two alternative xeno-free blood derivatives: human serum (HS) and a human platelet lysate (hPL). hMuStem cells were isolated and expanded in vitro in either HS-supplemented or hPL-supplemented media and the proliferation rate, clonogenicity, myogenic commitment potential, and oligopotency compared with that observed in FBS-supplemented medium. Flow cytometry and high-throughput 3'-digital gene expression RNA sequencing were used to characterize the phenotype and global gene expression pattern of hMuStem cells cultured with HS or hPL. HS-supplemented and hPL-supplemented media both supported the isolation and long-term proliferation of hMuStem cells. Compared with FBS-based medium, both supplements enhanced clonogenicity and allowed for a reduction in growth factor supplementation. Neither supplement altered the cell lineage pattern of hMuStem cells. In vitro differentiation assays revealed a decrease in myogenic commitment and in the fusion ability of hMuStem cells when cultured with hPL. In return, this reduction of myogenic potential in hPL-supplemented cultures was rapidly reversed by substitution of hPL with HS or fibrinogen-depleted hPL. Moreover, culture of hMuStem cells in hPL hydrogel and fibrinogen-depleted hPL demonstrated that myogenic differentiation potential is maintained in heparin-free hPL derivatives. Our

Expression of human placental lactogen and variant growth hormone genes in placentas.

PubMed

Martinez-Rodriguez, H G; Guerra-Rodriguez, N E; Iturbe-Cantu, M A; Martinez-Torres, A; Barrera-Saldaña, H A

1997-01-01

Previous studies comparing the expression levels of human placental lactogen (hPL) genes have shown varying results, due to, perhaps, the fact that in all of them only one placenta was being analyzed. Here, the expression of hPL and growth hormone variant (hGH-V) genes in fifteen term placentas was comparatively analyzed at the RNA level, using reverse transcription coupled to polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The abundance of the combined RNA transcripts derived from these genes varied from one placenta to another. The authors found that hPL-4 transcripts were more abundant than those of hPL-3 in most samples (ratios from 1:1 to 6:1), transcripts from the putative hPL-1 pseudogene were more abundant at the unprocessed stage while those of the hGH-V gene were mostly processed. Again, the authors of this study observed wide variation from placenta to placenta in the abundance of both of these types of transcripts. The same was observed when a group of six placentas from abortuses and nine from pregnancies complicated by preclampsia, diabetes and hypertension was studied. The authors conclude that the disagreeing results reported in the literature which are not in agreement concerning the expression levels of hPL genes could be explained by normal variations of their expression levels among the different placentas analyzed.

Human platelet lysate improves human cord blood derived ECFC survival and vasculogenesis in three dimensional (3D) collagen matrices.

PubMed

Kim, Hyojin; Prasain, Nutan; Vemula, Sasidhar; Ferkowicz, Michael J; Yoshimoto, Momoko; Voytik-Harbin, Sherry L; Yoder, Mervin C

2015-09-01

Human cord blood (CB) is enriched in circulating endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) that display high proliferative potential and in vivo vessel forming ability. Since diminished ECFC survival is known to dampen the vasculogenic response in vivo, we tested how long implanted ECFC survive and generate vessels in three-dimensional (3D) type I collagen matrices in vitro and in vivo. We hypothesized that human platelet lysate (HPL) would promote cell survival and enhance vasculogenesis in the 3D collagen matrices. We report that the percentage of ECFC co-cultured with HPL that were alive was significantly enhanced on days 1 and 3 post-matrix formation, compared to ECFC alone containing matrices. Also, co-culture of ECFC with HPL displayed significantly more vasculogenic activity compared to ECFC alone and expressed significantly more pro-survival molecules (pAkt, p-Bad and Bcl-xL) in the 3D collagen matrices in vitro. Treatment with Akt1 inhibitor (A-674563), Akt2 inhibitor (CCT128930) and Bcl-xL inhibitor (ABT-263/Navitoclax) significantly decreased the cell survival and vasculogenesis of ECFC co-cultured with or without HPL and implicated activation of the Akt1 pathway as the critical mediator of the HPL effect on ECFC in vitro. A significantly greater average vessel number and total vascular area of human CD31(+) vessels were present in implants containing ECFC and HPL, compared to the ECFC alone implants in vivo. We conclude that implantation of ECFC with HPL in vivo promotes vasculogenesis and augments blood vessel formation via diminishing apoptosis of the implanted ECFC. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Expression of hnRNPK in gastric carcinoma and its relationship with Helicobacter pylori L-form infection].

PubMed

Zhao, Yan; Jin, Xin; Tian, Tian; Yu, Dong-hong

2011-10-01

To investigate the expression feature of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K in gastric carcinoma and its clinical significance, and to explore the relationship between hnRNPK expression and Helicobacter pylori L-form infection. The expression of hnRNPK protein was examined in 100 cases of gastric carcinoma, 50 paracancerous gastric tissues and 30 matched normal gastric mucosa by Elivision immunohistochemistry and hnRNPK-mRNA by in situ hybridization. Hp-L was detected with Gram staining and immunohistochemical staining. The positive rates of hnRNPK protein and mRNA in gastric carcinoma were 82.0% and 86.0%, respectively, significantly higher than those in the paracancerous gastric tissues and normal controls (P < 0.05). The expression of hnRNPK protein was significantly correlated with histological differentiation, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). The positive rates of Hp-L in the three groups were 67.0%, 58.0% and 23.3%, respectively. The positive rate of Hp-L in gastric carcinoma had no significant correlation with it in the paracancerous gastric tissues, but was significantly higher than it in the normal controls (P < 0.05). In gastric carcinoma, the expression of hnRNPK protein was higher in cases of Hp-L positive patients than those of Hp-L negative cases (P < 0.05). Positive correlation existed between the expression of hnRNPK protein and Hp-L infection (r = 0.391, P < 0.01). There is a higher expression of hnRNPK in gastric carcinoma. Hp-L infection may be associated with the up-regulated hnRNPK expression. The two factors may play a synergetic role in gastric carcinogenesis.

Grapevine fatty acid hydroperoxide lyase generates actin-disrupting volatiles and promotes defence-related cell death

PubMed Central

Wang, Hao; Claudel, Patricia; Riemann, Michael; Hause, Bettina; Hugueney, Philippe; Nick, Peter

2018-01-01

Abstract Fatty acid hydroperoxides can generate short-chained volatile aldehydes that may participate in plant defence. A grapevine hydroperoxide lyase (VvHPL1) clustering to the CYP74B class was functionally characterized with respect to a role in defence. In grapevine leaves, transcripts of this gene accumulated rapidly to high abundance in response to wounding. Cellular functions of VvHPL1 were investigated upon heterologous expression in tobacco BY-2 cells. A C-terminal green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion of VvHPL1 was located in plastids. The overexpression lines were found to respond to salinity stress or the bacterial elicitor harpin by increasing cell death. This signal-dependent mortality response was mitigated either by addition of exogenous jasmonic acid or by treatment with diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of NADPH oxidases. By feeding different substrates to recombinantly expressed enzyme, VvHPL1 could also be functionally classified as true 13-HPL. The cognate products generated by this 13-HPL were cis-3-hexenal and trans-2-hexenal. Using a GFP-tagged actin marker line, one of these isomeric products, cis-3-hexenal, was found specifically to elicit a rapid disintegration of actin filaments. This response was not only observed in the heterologous system (tobacco BY-2), but also in a grapevine cell strain expressing this marker, as well as in leaf discs from an actin marker grape used as a homologous system. These results are discussed in the context of a role for VvHPL1 in a lipoxygenase-dependent signalling pathway triggering cell death-related defence that bifurcates from jasmonate-dependent basal immunity. PMID:29659985

Removal process of prion and parvovirus from human platelet lysates used as clinical-grade supplement for ex vivo cell expansion.

PubMed

Kao, Yu-Chun; Bailey, Andy; Samminger, Bernhard; Tanimoto, Junji; Burnouf, Thierry

2016-07-01

Pooled human platelet lysate (HPL) is becoming the new gold standard as supplement for ex vivo cell culture for clinical protocols. However, the risk of pathogen contamination of HPL increases with the platelet pool size. We hypothesized that hollow fiber anion exchange membrane chromatography using QyuSpeed D (QSD) could remove resistant and untested bloodborne pathogens, such as parvoviruses and prions, from HPL-supplemented growth media without substantially affecting their capacity to support ex vivo cell expansion. Frozen or thawed platelet concentrates were serum-converted and centrifuged for obtaining HPL that was added to various growth media (ca. 100 mL), filtered through a 0.6-mL QSD membrane and characterized for proteins, growth factors and chemical composition. Capacity to expand Chinese hamster ovary, periodontal ligament, gingival fibroblast cells and Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells was studied. Removal of porcine parvovirus (PPV) and of the 263K prion strain of hamster-adapted scrapie was studied by spiking experiments following international guidelines. QSD had minimal impact on HPL-supplemented medium composition in proteins, growth factors and chemical content, nor capacity to expand and differentiate cells. In addition, QSD could remove ≥5.58 log10 [TCID50/mL] and ≥3.72 log10 of PPV and the 263K prion, respectively. QSD hollow fiber chromatography can be used to improve the virus and prion safety of HPL-supplemented media to safely expand cells for clinical protocols. These data bring new perspectives for increasingly safer use of pooled HPL in cell therapy and regenerative medicine applications. Copyright © 2016 International Society for Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Increased Levels of Cell-Free Human Placental Lactogen mRNA at 28-32 Gestational Weeks in Plasma of Pregnant Women With Placenta Previa and Invasive Placenta

PubMed Central

Sekizawa, Akihiko; Ventura, Walter; Koide, Keiko; Hori, Kyouko; Okai, Takashi; Masashi, Yoshida; Furuya, Kenichi; Mizumoto, Yoshifumi

2014-01-01

We compared the levels of cell-free human placental lactogen (hPL) messenger RNA (mRNA) in maternal plasma at 28 to 32 weeks of gestation between women with diagnosis of placenta previa or invasive placenta and women with an uneventful pregnancy. Sensitivity and specificity of hPL mRNA for the prediction of invasive placenta were further explored. Plasma hPL mRNA were quantified by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in women with placenta previa (n = 13), invasive placenta (n = 5), and normal pregnancies (n = 92). Median (range) hPL mRNA was significantly higher in women with placenta previa, 782 (10-2301) copies/mL of plasma, and in those with invasive placenta, 615 (522-2102) copies/mL of plasma, when compared to normal pregnancies, 90 (4-4407) copies/mL of plasma, P < .01 and P < .05, respectively. We found a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 61.5% for the prediction of invasive placenta among women with placenta previa. In conclusion, expression of hPL mRNA is increased in plasma of women with placenta previa and invasive placenta at 28 to 32 weeks of gestation. PMID:23744883

Increased levels of cell-free human placental lactogen mRNA at 28-32 gestational weeks in plasma of pregnant women with placenta previa and invasive placenta.

PubMed

Kawashima, Akihiro; Sekizawa, Akihiko; Ventura, Walter; Koide, Keiko; Hori, Kyouko; Okai, Takashi; Masashi, Yoshida; Furuya, Kenichi; Mizumoto, Yoshifumi

2014-02-01

We compared the levels of cell-free human placental lactogen (hPL) messenger RNA (mRNA) in maternal plasma at 28 to 32 weeks of gestation between women with diagnosis of placenta previa or invasive placenta and women with an uneventful pregnancy. Sensitivity and specificity of hPL mRNA for the prediction of invasive placenta were further explored. Plasma hPL mRNA were quantified by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in women with placenta previa (n = 13), invasive placenta (n = 5), and normal pregnancies (n = 92). Median (range) hPL mRNA was significantly higher in women with placenta previa, 782 (10-2301) copies/mL of plasma, and in those with invasive placenta, 615 (522-2102) copies/mL of plasma, when compared to normal pregnancies, 90 (4-4407) copies/mL of plasma, P < .01 and P < .05, respectively. We found a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 61.5% for the prediction of invasive placenta among women with placenta previa. In conclusion, expression of hPL mRNA is increased in plasma of women with placenta previa and invasive placenta at 28 to 32 weeks of gestation.

Interaction model between a liquid film and a spherical probe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ledesma Alonso, Rene; Legendre, Dominique; Tordjeman, Philippe

2012-11-01

To find a liquid surface profile, when performing AFM measurements, probe interaction effects should be identified. Herein, the behavior of a liquid film free surface (thickness E, surface tension γ and density difference Δρ), disposed over a flat surface and in the presence of a spherical probe (radius R) is forecast. A bump-like surface shape is observed, due to the probe/film interaction (characterized by the Hamaker constant Hpl). In addition, the attraction between the film and the substrate (depicted by Hsl) opposes the axial and radial deformation ranges. Several parameters portray the equilibrium shape: Bond Bo = (ΔρgR2) / γ and modified Hamaker Ha = 4Hpl / (3 πγR2) numbers, Hamaker ratio A =Hls /Hpl , separation distance D / R and film thickness E / R . We focus on the effect of geometry, nevertheless special attention is given to the role of physical parameters. Employing an augmented Young-Laplace equation, the equilibrium profile is described by a strongly non-linear ODE. A critical distance, below which the irreversible wetting process of the spherical probe occurs, is predicted. Our results provide simple relationships between parameters, which determine the optimal scanning conditions over liquid films.

Evaluation of human platelet lysate versus fetal bovine serum for culture of mesenchymal stromal cells.

PubMed

Hemeda, Hatim; Giebel, Bernd; Wagner, Wolfgang

2014-02-01

Culture media for therapeutic cell preparations-such as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-usually comprise serum additives. Traditionally, fetal bovine serum is supplemented in basic research and in most clinical trials. Within the past years, many laboratories adapted their culture conditions to human platelet lysate (hPL), which further stimulates proliferation and expansion of MSCs. Particularly with regard to clinical application, human alternatives for fetal bovine serum are clearly to be preferred. hPL is generated from human platelet units by disruption of the platelet membrane, which is commonly performed by repeated freeze and thaw cycles. Such culture supplements are notoriously ill-defined, and many parameters contribute to batch-to-batch variation in hPL such as different amounts of plasma, a broad range of growth factors and donor-specific effects. The plasma components of hPL necessitate addition of anticoagulants such as heparins to prevent gelatinization of hPL medium, and their concentration must be standardized. Labels for description of hPL-such as "xenogen-free," "animal-free" and "serum free"-are not used consistently in the literature and may be misleading if not critically assessed. Further analysis of the precise composition of relevant growth factors, attachment factors, microRNAs and exosomes will pave the way for optimized and defined culture conditions. The use of hPL has several advantages and disadvantages: they must be taken into account because the choice of cell culture additive has major impact on cell preparations. Copyright © 2014 International Society for Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A Recombinant Horseshoe Crab Plasma Lectin Recognizes Specific Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns of Bacteria through Rhamnose

PubMed Central

Ng, Sim-Kun; Huang, Yu-Tsyr; Lee, Yuan-Chuan; Low, Ee-Ling; Chiu, Cheng-Hsun; Chen, Shiu-Ling; Mao, Liang-Chi; Chang, Margaret Dah-Tsyr

2014-01-01

Horseshoe crab is an ancient marine arthropod that, in the absence of a vertebrate-like immune system, relies solely on innate immune responses by defense molecules found in hemolymph plasma and granular hemocytes for host defense. A plasma lectin isolated from the hemolymph of Taiwanese Tachypleus tridentatus recognizes bacteria and lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), yet its structure and mechanism of action remain unclear, largely because of limited availability of horseshoe crabs and the lack of a heterogeneous expression system. In this study, we have successfully expressed and purified a soluble and functional recombinant horseshoe crab plasma lectin (rHPL) in an Escherichia coli system. Interestingly, rHPL bound not only to bacteria and LPSs like the native HPL but also to selective medically important pathogens isolated from clinical specimens, such as Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae and Gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes. The binding was demonstrated to occur through a specific molecular interaction with rhamnose in pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) on the bacterial surface. Additionally, rHPL inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa PAO1 in a concentration-dependent manner. The results suggest that a specific protein-glycan interaction between rHPL and rhamnosyl residue may further facilitate development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for microbial pathogens. PMID:25541995

Self-rated health status and subjective health complaints associated with health-promoting lifestyles among urban Chinese women: a cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Cheng, Jingru; Wang, Tian; Li, Fei; Xiao, Ya; Bi, Jianlu; Chen, Jieyu; Sun, Xiaomin; Wu, Liuguo; Wu, Shengwei; Liu, Yanyan; Luo, Ren; Zhao, Xiaoshan

2015-01-01

This study aimed to investigate whether self-rated health status (SRH) and subjective health complaints (SHC) of urban Chinese women are associated with their health-promoting lifestyles (HPL). We conducted a cross-sectional study on 8142 eligible Chinese participants between 2012 and 2013. Demographic and SHC data were collected. Each subject completed the SRH questionnaire and the Chinese version of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II). Correlation and binary regression analyses were performed to examine the associations of SRH and SHC with HPL. Both SRH and HPL of urban Chinese women were moderate. The most common complaints were fatigue (1972, 24.2%), eye discomfort (1571, 19.3%), and insomnia (1542, 18.9%). Teachers, highly educated subjects and elderly women had lower SRH scores, while college students and married women had better HPL. All items of HPLP-II were positively correlated with SRH (r = 0.127-0.533, P = 0.000) and negatively correlated with SHC to a significant extent (odds ratio [OR] = 1.40-11.37). Aspects of HPL, particularly stress management and spiritual growth, are associated with higher SRH and lower SHC ratings among urban Chinese women. Physical activity and health responsibility are additionally related to reduced fatigue and nervousness. We believe that these findings will be instrumental in encouraging researchers and urban women to adopt better health-promoting lifestyles with different priorities in their daily lives.

Biosynthesis of allene oxides in Physcomitrella patens

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background The moss Physcomitrella patens contains C18- as well as C20-polyunsaturated fatty acids that can be metabolized by different enzymes to form oxylipins such as the cyclopentenone cis(+)-12-oxo phytodienoic acid. Mutants defective in the biosynthesis of cyclopentenones showed reduced fertility, aberrant sporophyte morphology and interrupted sporogenesis. The initial step in this biosynthetic route is the conversion of a fatty acid hydroperoxide to an allene oxide. This reaction is catalyzed by allene oxide synthase (AOS) belonging as hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) to the cytochrome P450 family Cyp74. In this study we characterized two AOS from P. patens, PpAOS1 and PpAOS2. Results Our results show that PpAOS1 is highly active with both C18 and C20-hydroperoxy-fatty acid substrates, whereas PpAOS2 is fully active only with C20-substrates, exhibiting trace activity (~1000-fold lower kcat/KM) with C18 substrates. Analysis of products of PpAOS1 and PpHPL further demonstrated that both enzymes have an inherent side activity mirroring the close inter-connection of AOS and HPL catalysis. By employing site directed mutagenesis we provide evidence that single amino acid residues in the active site are also determining the catalytic activity of a 9-/13-AOS – a finding that previously has only been reported for substrate specific 13-AOS. However, PpHPL cannot be converted into an AOS by exchanging the same determinant. Localization studies using YFP-labeled AOS showed that PpAOS2 is localized in the plastid while PpAOS1 may be found in the cytosol. Analysis of the wound-induced cis(+)-12-oxo phytodienoic acid accumulation in PpAOS1 and PpAOS2 single knock-out mutants showed that disruption of PpAOS1, in contrast to PpAOS2, results in a significantly decreased cis(+)-12-oxo phytodienoic acid formation. However, the knock-out mutants of neither PpAOS1 nor PpAOS2 showed reduced fertility, aberrant sporophyte morphology or interrupted sporogenesis. Conclusions Our study

Pooled human platelet lysate versus fetal bovine serum-investigating the proliferation rate, chromosome stability and angiogenic potential of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells intended for clinical use.

PubMed

Trojahn Kølle, Stig-Frederik; Oliveri, Roberto S; Glovinski, Peter V; Kirchhoff, Maria; Mathiasen, Anders Bruun; Elberg, Jens Jørgen; Andersen, Peter Stemann; Drzewiecki, Krzysztof Tadeusz; Fischer-Nielsen, Anne

2013-09-01

Because of an increasing focus on the use of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in clinical trials, the culture conditions for these cells are being optimized. We compared the proliferation rates and chromosomal stability of ASCs that had been cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) supplemented with either pooled human platelet lysate (pHPL) or clinical-grade fetal bovine serum (FBS) (DMEM(pHPL) versus DMEM(FBS)). ASCs from four healthy donors were cultured in either DMEM(pHPL) or DMEM(FBS), and the population doubling time (PDT) was calculated. ASCs from two of the donors were expanded in DMEM(pHPL) or DMEM(FBS) and cultured for the final week before harvesting with or without the addition of vascular endothelial growth factor. We assessed the chromosomal stability (through the use of array comparative genomic hybridization), the expression of ASC and endothelial surface markers and the differentiation and angiogenic potential of these cells. The ASCs that were cultured in pHPL exhibited a significantly shorter PDT of 29.6 h (95% confidence interval, 22.3-41.9 h) compared with those cultured in FBS, for which the PDT was 123.9 h (95% confidence interval, 95.6-176.2 h). Comparative genomic hybridization analyses revealed no chromosomal aberrations. Cell differentiation, capillary structure formation and cell-surface marker expression were generally unaffected by the type of medium supplement that was used or by the addition of vascular endothelial growth factor. We observed that the use of pHPL as a growth supplement for ASCs facilitated a significantly higher proliferation rate compared with FBS without compromising genomic stability or differentiation capacity. Copyright © 2013 International Society for Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Human pancreatic lipase-related protein 2: tissular localization along the digestive tract and quantification in pancreatic juice using a specific ELISA.

PubMed

Eydoux, Cécilia; Aloulou, Ahmed; De Caro, Josiane; Grandval, Philippe; Laugier, René; Carrière, Frédéric; De Caro, Alain

2006-10-01

Human pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 (HPLRP2) was previously found to be secreted by the exocrine pancreas. HPLRP2 shows a high level of activity on galactolipids, and might be involved in the digestion of these common vegetable lipids. Specific antibodies were raised in rabbits using a synthetic HPLRP2 peptide selected for its weak amino acid homology with the corresponding peptides of classical human pancreatic lipase (HPL) and human pancreatic lipase-related protein 1 (HPLRP1). ELISA and Western blotting data showed that these antibodies did not react with HPL or HPLRP1. Various tissues from the digestive tract were subjected to Western blotting analysis with the specific anti-peptide HPLRP2 antibody and the expression of HPLRP2 was detected in the pancreas and colon. An ELISA was developed for specifically measuring the HPLRP2 levels in pure pancreatic juice. This procedure was performed using the anti-peptide HPLRP2 antibody as the captor antibody and a biotinylated anti-HPLRP2 polyclonal antibody as the detector antibody. The lowest HPLRP2 quantification limit was found to be 50 microg/L and the reference range for the present assay was 50 microg-500 microg/L. HPL and HPLRP2 levels were measured using specific ELISAs in pancreatic juice from patients with and without pancreatic disorders. Patients with chronic calcifying pancreatitis (CCP) had significantly lower levels of both HPL and HPLRP2 than the controls subjects. The mean HPLRP2 to HPL ratio was estimated to be 28.30% (w/w) and 23.96% (w/w) in controls subjects and CCP patients, respectively, and the difference was not significant. The levels of HPL and HPLRP2 are therefore similarly reduced in both healthy patients and CCP patients.

Drought stress modulates oxylipin signature by eliciting 12-OPDA as a potent regulator of stomatal aperture.

PubMed

Savchenko, Tatyana; Dehesh, Katayoon

2014-01-01

Through evolution, plants have developed a myriad of strategies to adapt to environmental perturbations. Using 3 Arabidopsis ecotypes in conjunction with various transgenic and mutant lines, we provide evidence that wounding and drought differentially alter the metabolic signatures derived from the 2 main competing oxylipin-pathway branches, namely the JA and its precursor 12-OPDA produced by Allene oxide synthase (AOS) branch, and aldehydes and corresponding alcohols generated by Hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) branch. Specifically, we show that wounding induces production of both HPL and AOS-derived metabolites whereas, drought stress only elicits production of hexenal but suppresses hexenol, and further uncouples the conversion of 12-OPDA to JA. This finding led to uncovering of 12-OPDA as a functional convergence point of oxylipin and ABA pathways to control stomatal aperture in plant adaptive responses to drought. In addition, using transgenic lines overexpressing plastidial and extraplastidial HPL enzyme establish the strong interdependence of AOS- and HPL-branch pathways, and the importance of this linkage in tailoring plant adaptive responses to the nature of perturbations.

Heparin concentration is critical for cell culture with human platelet lysate.

PubMed

Hemeda, Hatim; Kalz, Jana; Walenda, Gudrun; Lohmann, Michael; Wagner, Wolfgang

2013-09-01

Culture media for mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are generally supplemented with fetal bovine serum. Human platelet lysate (hPL) has been proven to be a very effective alternative without the risk of xenogeneic infections or immune reactions. In contrast to fetal bovine serum, hPL comprises plasma, and anticoagulants-usually unfractionated heparin (UFH)-need to be added to prevent gel formation. Cultures of MSCs in hPL media with various concentrations of UFH and enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), were systematically compared with regard to proliferation, fibroblastoid colony-forming unit frequency, immunophenotype and in vitro differentiation. At least 0.61 IU/mL UFH or 0.024 mg/mL LMWH was necessary for reliable prevention of coagulation of hPL pools used in this study. Higher concentrations impaired cellular proliferation in a dose-dependent manner even without benzyl alcohol, which is commonly added to heparins as a bacteriostatic agent. Colony-forming unit frequency was also reduced at higher heparin concentrations, particularly with LMWH, whereas no significant effect was observed on cellular morphology or immunophenotype. High concentrations of heparins reduced the in vitro differentiation toward adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. Heparin concentration is critical for culture of MSCs in hPL media; this is of particular relevance for cellular therapy where cell culture procedures need to be optimized and standardized. Copyright © 2013 International Society for Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Low Dark-Current, High Current-Gain of PVK/ZnO Nanoparticles Composite-Based UV Photodetector by PN-Heterojunction Control.

PubMed

Lee, Sang-Won; Cha, Seung-Hwan; Choi, Kyung-Jae; Kang, Byoung-Ho; Lee, Jae-Sung; Kim, Sae-Wan; Kim, Ju-Seong; Jeong, Hyun-Min; Gopalan, Sai-Anand; Kwon, Dae-Hyuk; Kang, Shin-Won

2016-01-07

We propose a solution-processable ultraviolet (UV) photodetector with a pn-heterojunction hybrid photoactive layer (HPL) that is composed of poly-n-vinylcarbazole (PVK) as a p-type polymer and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) as an n-type metal oxide. To observe the effective photo-inducing ability of the UV photodetector, we analyzed the optical and electrical properties of HPL which is controlled by the doping concentration of n-type ZnO NPs in PVK matrix. Additionally, we confirmed that the optical properties of HPL dominantly depend on the ZnO NPs from the UV-vis absorption and the photoluminescence (PL) spectral measurements. This HPL can induce efficient charge transfer in the localized narrow pn-heterojunction domain and increases the photocurrent gain. It is essential that proper doping concentration of n-type ZnO NPs in polymer matrix is obtained to improve the performance of the UV photodetector. When the ZnO NPs are doped with the optimized concentration of 3.4 wt.%, the electrical properties of the photocurrent are significantly increased. The ratio of the photocurrent was approximately 10³ higher than that of the dark current.

Low Dark-Current, High Current-Gain of PVK/ZnO Nanoparticles Composite-Based UV Photodetector by PN-Heterojunction Control

PubMed Central

Lee, Sang-Won; Cha, Seung-Hwan; Choi, Kyung-Jae; Kang, Byoung-Ho; Lee, Jae-Sung; Kim, Sae-Wan; Kim, Ju-Seong; Jeong, Hyun-Min; Gopalan, Sai-Anand; Kwon, Dae-Hyuk; Kang, Shin-Won

2016-01-01

We propose a solution-processable ultraviolet (UV) photodetector with a pn-heterojunction hybrid photoactive layer (HPL) that is composed of poly-n-vinylcarbazole (PVK) as a p-type polymer and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) as an n-type metal oxide. To observe the effective photo-inducing ability of the UV photodetector, we analyzed the optical and electrical properties of HPL which is controlled by the doping concentration of n-type ZnO NPs in PVK matrix. Additionally, we confirmed that the optical properties of HPL dominantly depend on the ZnO NPs from the UV-vis absorption and the photoluminescence (PL) spectral measurements. This HPL can induce efficient charge transfer in the localized narrow pn-heterojunction domain and increases the photocurrent gain. It is essential that proper doping concentration of n-type ZnO NPs in polymer matrix is obtained to improve the performance of the UV photodetector. When the ZnO NPs are doped with the optimized concentration of 3.4 wt.%, the electrical properties of the photocurrent are significantly increased. The ratio of the photocurrent was approximately 103 higher than that of the dark current. PMID:26751453

Comparison of clinical grade human platelet lysates for cultivation of mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow and adipose tissue.

PubMed

Juhl, Morten; Tratwal, Josefine; Follin, Bjarke; Søndergaard, Rebekka H; Kirchhoff, Maria; Ekblond, Annette; Kastrup, Jens; Haack-Sørensen, Mandana

2016-01-01

The utility of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in therapeutic applications for regenerative medicine has gained much attention. Clinical translation of MSC-based approaches requires in vitro culture-expansion to achieve a sufficient number of cells. The ideal cell culture medium should be devoid of any animal derived components. We have evaluated whether human Platelet Lysate (hPL) could be an attractive alternative to animal supplements. MSCs from bone marrow (BMSCs) and adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) obtained from three donors were culture expanded in three different commercially available hPL fulfilling good manufacturing practice criteria for clinical use. BMSCs and ASCs cultured in Minimum Essential Medium Eagle-alpha supplemented with 5% PLT-Max (Mill Creek), Stemulate™ PL-S and Stemulate™ PL-SP (COOK General Biotechnology) were compared to standard culture conditions with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Cell morphology, proliferation, phenotype, genomic stability, and differentiation potential were analyzed. Regardless of manufacturer, BMSCs and ASCs cultured in hPL media showed a significant increase in proliferation capacity compared to FBS medium. In general, the immunophenotype of both BMSCs and ASCs fulfilled International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) criteria after hPL media expansion. Comparative genomic hybridization measurements demonstrated no unbalanced chromosomal rearrangements for BMSCs or ASCs cultured in hPL media or FBS medium. The BMSCs and ASCs could differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic, or chondrogenic lineages in all four culture conditions. All three clinically approved commercial human platelet lysates accelerated proliferation of BMSCs and ASCs and the cells meet the ISCT mesenchymal phenotypic requirements without exhibiting chromosomal aberrations.

Supplementation of krill oil with high phospholipid content increases sum of EPA and DHA in erythrocytes compared with low phospholipid krill oil.

PubMed

Ramprasath, V R; Eyal, I; Zchut, S; Shafat, I; Jones, P J H

2015-11-04

Bioavailability of krill oil has been suggested to be higher than fish oil as much of the EPA and DHA in krill oil are bound to phospholipids (PL). Hence, PL content in krill oil might play an important role in incorporation of n-3 PUFA into the RBC, conferring properties that render it effective in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The objective of the present trial was to test the effect of different amounts of PL in krill oil on the bioavailability of EPA and DHA, assessed as the rate of increase of n-3 PUFA in plasma and RBC, in healthy volunteers. In a semi randomized crossover single blind design study, 20 healthy participants consumed various oils consisting of 1.5 g/day of low PL krill oil (LPL), 3 g/day of high PL krill oil (HPL) or 3 g/day of a placebo, corn oil, for 4 weeks each separated by 8 week washout periods. Both LPL and HPL delivered 600 mg of total n-3 PUFA/day along with 600 and 1200 mg/day of PL, respectively. Changes in plasma EPA, DPA, DHA, total n-3 PUFA, n-6:n-3 ratio and EPA + DHA concentrations between LPL and HPL krill oil supplementations were observed to be similar. Intake of both forms of krill oils increased the RBC level of EPA (p < 0.001) along with reduced n-6 PUFA (LPL: p < 0.001: HPL: p = 0.007) compared to control. HPL consumption increased (p < 0.001) RBC concentrations of EPA, DPA, total and n-3 PUFA compared with LPL. Furthermore, although LPL did not alter RBC n-6:n-3 ratio or the sum of EPA and DHA compared to control, HPL intake decreased (p < 0.001) n-6:n-3 ratio relative to control with elevated (p < 0.001) sum of EPA and DHA compared to control as well as to LPL krill oil consumption. HPL krill oil intake elevated (p < 0.005) plasma total and LDL cholesterol concentrations compared to control, while LPL krill oil did not alter total and LDL cholesterol, relative to control. The results indicate that krill oil with higher PL levels could lead to enhanced bioavailability of n-3

Donor Age of Human Platelet Lysate Affects Proliferation and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

PubMed Central

Lohmann, Michael; Walenda, Gudrun; Hemeda, Hatim; Joussen, Sylvia; Drescher, Wolf; Jockenhoevel, Stefan; Hutschenreuter, Gabriele; Zenke, Martin; Wagner, Wolfgang

2012-01-01

The regenerative potential declines upon aging. This might be due to cell-intrinsic changes in stem and progenitor cells or to influences by the microenvironment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) raise high hopes in regenerative medicine. They are usually culture expanded in media with fetal calf serum (FCS) or other serum supplements such as human platelet lysate (HPL). In this study, we have analyzed the impact of HPL-donor age on culture expansion. 31 single donor derived HPLs (25 to 57 years old) were simultaneously compared for culture of MSC. Proliferation of MSC did not reveal a clear association with platelet counts of HPL donors or growth factors concentrations (PDGF-AB, TGF-β1, bFGF, or IGF-1), but it was significantly higher with HPLs from younger donors (<35 years) as compared to older donors (>45 years). Furthermore, HPLs from older donors increased activity of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-βgal). HPL-donor age did not affect the fibroblastoid colony-forming unit (CFU-f) frequency, immunophenotype or induction of adipogenic differentiation, whereas osteogenic differentiation was significantly lower with HPLs from older donors. Concentrations of various growth factors (PDGF-AB, TGF-β1, bFGF, IGF-1) or hormones (estradiol, parathormone, leptin, 1,25 vitamin D3) were not associated with HPL-donor age or MSC growth. Taken together, our data support the notion that aging is associated with systemic feedback mechanisms acting on stem and progenitor cells, and this is also relevant for serum supplements in cell culture: HPLs derived from younger donors facilitate enhanced expansion and more pronounced osteogenic differentiation. PMID:22662236

Pathogen reduction through additive-free short-wave UV light irradiation retains the optimal efficacy of human platelet lysate for the expansion of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

PubMed

Viau, Sabrina; Chabrand, Lucie; Eap, Sandy; Lorant, Judith; Rouger, Karl; Goudaliez, Francis; Sumian, Chryslain; Delorme, Bruno

2017-01-01

We recently developed and characterized a standardized and clinical grade human Platelet Lysate (hPL) that constitutes an advantageous substitute for fetal bovine serum (FBS) for human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) expansion required in cell therapy procedures, avoiding xenogenic risks (virological and immunological) and ethical issues. Because of the progressive use of pathogen-reduced (PR) labile blood components, and the requirement of ensuring the viral safety of raw materials for cell therapy products, we evaluated the impact of the novel procedure known as THERAFLEX UV-Platelets for pathogen reduction on hPL quality (growth factors content) and efficacy (as a medium supplement for hMSC expansion). This technology is based on short-wave ultraviolet light (UV-C) that induces non-reversible damages in DNA and RNA of pathogens while preserving protein structures and functions, and has the main advantage of not needing the addition of any photosensitizing additives (that might secondarily interfere with hMSCs). We applied the THERAFLEX UV-Platelets procedure on fresh platelet concentrates (PCs) suspended in platelet additive solution and prepared hPL from these treated PCs. We compared the quality and efficacy of PR-hPL with the corresponding non-PR ones. We found no impact on the content of five cytokines tested (EGF, bFGF, PDGF-AB, VEGF and IGF-1) but a significant decrease in TGF-ß1 (-21%, n = 11, p<0.01). We performed large-scale culture of hMSCs from bone marrow (BM) during three passages and showed that hPL or PR-hPL at 8% triggered comparable BM-hMSC proliferation as FBS at 10% plus bFGF. Moreover, after proliferation of hMSCs in an hPL- or PR-hPL-containing medium, their profile of membrane marker expression, their clonogenic potential and immunosuppressive properties were maintained, in comparison with BM-hMSCs cultured under FBS conditions. The potential to differentiate towards the adipogenic and osteogenic lineages of hMSCs cultured in parallel in the

Pathogen reduction through additive-free short-wave UV light irradiation retains the optimal efficacy of human platelet lysate for the expansion of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

PubMed Central

Viau, Sabrina; Chabrand, Lucie; Eap, Sandy; Lorant, Judith; Rouger, Karl; Goudaliez, Francis; Sumian, Chryslain; Delorme, Bruno

2017-01-01

Background We recently developed and characterized a standardized and clinical grade human Platelet Lysate (hPL) that constitutes an advantageous substitute for fetal bovine serum (FBS) for human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) expansion required in cell therapy procedures, avoiding xenogenic risks (virological and immunological) and ethical issues. Because of the progressive use of pathogen-reduced (PR) labile blood components, and the requirement of ensuring the viral safety of raw materials for cell therapy products, we evaluated the impact of the novel procedure known as THERAFLEX UV-Platelets for pathogen reduction on hPL quality (growth factors content) and efficacy (as a medium supplement for hMSC expansion). This technology is based on short-wave ultraviolet light (UV-C) that induces non-reversible damages in DNA and RNA of pathogens while preserving protein structures and functions, and has the main advantage of not needing the addition of any photosensitizing additives (that might secondarily interfere with hMSCs). Methodology / Principal findings We applied the THERAFLEX UV-Platelets procedure on fresh platelet concentrates (PCs) suspended in platelet additive solution and prepared hPL from these treated PCs. We compared the quality and efficacy of PR-hPL with the corresponding non-PR ones. We found no impact on the content of five cytokines tested (EGF, bFGF, PDGF-AB, VEGF and IGF-1) but a significant decrease in TGF-ß1 (-21%, n = 11, p<0.01). We performed large-scale culture of hMSCs from bone marrow (BM) during three passages and showed that hPL or PR-hPL at 8% triggered comparable BM-hMSC proliferation as FBS at 10% plus bFGF. Moreover, after proliferation of hMSCs in an hPL- or PR-hPL-containing medium, their profile of membrane marker expression, their clonogenic potential and immunosuppressive properties were maintained, in comparison with BM-hMSCs cultured under FBS conditions. The potential to differentiate towards the adipogenic and osteogenic

Structural and Biochemical Analyses Reveal the Mechanism of Glutathione S-Transferase Pi 1 Inhibition by the Anti-cancer Compound Piperlongumine*

PubMed Central

Harshbarger, Wayne; Gondi, Sudershan; Ficarro, Scott B.; Hunter, John; Udayakumar, Durga; Gurbani, Deepak; Singer, William D.; Liu, Yan; Li, Lianbo; Marto, Jarrod A.; Westover, Kenneth D.

2017-01-01

Glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1) is frequently overexpressed in cancerous tumors and is a putative target of the plant compound piperlongumine (PL), which contains two reactive olefins and inhibits proliferation in cancer cells but not normal cells. PL exposure of cancer cells results in increased reactive oxygen species and decreased GSH. These data in tandem with other information led to the conclusion that PL inhibits GSTP1, which forms covalent bonds between GSH and various electrophilic compounds, through covalent adduct formation at the C7-C8 olefin of PL, whereas the C2-C3 olefin of PL was postulated to react with GSH. However, direct evidence for this mechanism has been lacking. To investigate, we solved the X-ray crystal structure of GSTP1 bound to PL and GSH at 1.1 Å resolution to rationalize previously reported structure activity relationship studies. Surprisingly, the structure showed that a hydrolysis product of PL (hPL) was conjugated to glutathione at the C7-C8 olefin, and this complex was bound to the active site of GSTP1; no covalent bond formation between hPL and GSTP1 was observed. Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of the reactions between PL and GSTP1 confirmed that PL does not label GSTP1. Moreover, MS data also indicated that nucleophilic attack on PL at the C2-C3 olefin led to PL hydrolysis. Although hPL inhibits GSTP1 enzymatic activity in vitro, treatment of cells susceptible to PL with hPL did not have significant anti-proliferative effects, suggesting that hPL is not membrane-permeable. Altogether, our data suggest a model wherein PL is a prodrug whose intracellular hydrolysis initiates the formation of the hPL-GSH conjugate, which blocks the active site of and inhibits GSTP1 and thereby cancer cell proliferation. PMID:27872191

Tissue Source and Cell Expansion Condition Influence Phenotypic Changes of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

PubMed Central

Mangum, Lauren H.; Stone, Randolph; Wrice, Nicole L.; Larson, David A.; Florell, Kyle F.; Christy, Barbara A.; Herzig, Maryanne C.; Cap, Andrew P.

2017-01-01

Stem cells derived from the subcutaneous adipose tissue of debrided burned skin represent an appealing source of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) for regenerative medicine. Traditional tissue culture uses fetal bovine serum (FBS), which complicates utilization of ASCs in human medicine. Human platelet lysate (hPL) is one potential xeno-free, alternative supplement for use in ASC culture. In this study, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation in media supplemented with 10% FBS or 10% hPL was compared in human ASCs derived from abdominoplasty (HAP) or from adipose associated with debrided burned skin (BH). Most (95–99%) cells cultured in FBS were stained positive for CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD142. FBS supplementation was associated with increased triglyceride content and expression of adipogenic genes. Culture in hPL significantly decreased surface staining of CD105 by 31% and 48% and CD142 by 27% and 35% in HAP and BH, respectively (p < 0.05). Culture of BH-ASCs in hPL also increased expression of markers of osteogenesis and increased ALP activity. These data indicate that application of ASCs for wound healing may be influenced by ASC source as well as culture conditions used to expand them. As such, these factors must be taken into consideration before ASCs are used for regenerative purposes. PMID:29138638

The health promotion lifestyle of metabolic syndrome individuals with a diet and exercise programme.

PubMed

Lin, Yu-Hua; Chu, Li-Ling

2014-04-01

The purpose of this study was to explore a health promotion lifestyle (HPL) with a diet and exercise programme (DEP) in metabolic syndrome adults. The study consisted of 207 individuals who followed a DEP and 185 who did not. The subjects were rural community adults. Their HPL was evaluated using the Chinese version of the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile Short Form (HPLP-S). The average HPLP-S score was significantly higher in the DEP group (3.28 ± 0.36) than in the group without the DEP (2.05 ± 0.65). Stepwise regression analysis revealed that group, gender, smoking, alcohol use, marital status, religion and chronic disease were predictors of an HPL and accounted for 67.0% of the variance in the HPLP-S score. This study demonstrates that a DEP has positive effects on a health promotion lifestyle. The community-based DEP targeting health promotion behaviours should be presented as a strategy for metabolic syndrome in adults. © 2013 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

Role of gastric mucosal and gastric juice cytokine concentrations in development of bisphosphonate damage to gastric mucosa.

PubMed

Thomson, A B R; Appleman, S; Keelan, M; Wallace, J L

2003-02-01

Previous studies have shown that the bisphosphonates (BP) vary in their damaging effect on the gastric mucosa, and endoscopy scores (erosions or erosions plus ulcers) after 1 and 2 weeks use of BP were significantly lower in H. pylori-positive versus -negative subjects. The mechanism of this damaging effect of BP and the interaction with H. pylori is unknown. As part of a separately reported study of the incidence of gastric damage after 2 weeks of treatment of healthy female postmenopausal volunteers with risedronate (5 mg/day) or alendronate (10 mg/day), gastric aspirates were taken at the time of the baseline esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), and again at 1 and 2 weeks after daily intake of a BP At the time of the third EGD, when the volunteers had been on risedronate or alendronate for 2 weeks, antral biopsies were taken from normal-appearing mucosa. Gastric juice and antral biopsies were assessed for their concentration of the cytokines interleukin-la (IL-1alpha), IL-8, IL-13, and epidermal growth factor (EGF). H. pylori, the use of BP, and development of gastric mucosal lesions had no effect on gastric mucosal concentrations of IL-1alpha, IL-13, or EGF. In contrast, the concentration of IL-8 in antral mucosal biopsies of volunteers given BP for 2 weeks was higher in the presence than in the absence of an H. pylori infection and was increased further in those who develop lesions associated with the use of BP. There was no correlation between gastric mucosal and gastric juice concentrations of IL-8. Gastric juice concentrations of IL-8 and EGF were not affected by H. pylori status, the use of BP, or the development of lesions. However, gastric juice concentrations of IL-1alpha were numerically lower in those who were negative for H. pylori with no mucosal lesions (Hp-L-), intermediate in those who were H. pylori-negative with lesions (Hp-L+), and highest in those who were positive for H. pylori and had lesions (Hp+L+). The gastric juice concentration of IL-13

Uncertainties in Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Advanced Biomass Feedstock Logistics Supply Chains in Kansas

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cafferty, Kara G.; Searcy, Erin M.; Nguyen, Long

To meet Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) cellulosic biofuel mandates, the United States will require an annual domestic supply of about 242 million Mg of biomass by 2022. To improve the feedstock logistics of lignocellulosic biofuels and access available biomass resources from areas with varying yields, commodity systems have been proposed and designed to deliver on-spec biomass feedstocks at preprocessing “depots”, which densify and stabilize the biomass prior to long-distance transport and delivery to centralized biorefineries. The harvesting, preprocessing, and logistics (HPL) of biomass commodity supply chains thus could introduce spatially variable environmental impacts into the biofuel life cyclemore » due to needing to harvest, move, and preprocess biomass from multiple distances that have variable spatial density. This study examines the uncertainty in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of corn stover logisticsHPL within a bio-ethanol supply chain in the state of Kansas, where sustainable biomass supply varies spatially. Two scenarios were evaluated each having a different number of depots of varying capacity and location within Kansas relative to a central commodity-receiving biorefinery to test GHG emissions uncertainty. Monte Carlo simulation was used to estimate the spatial uncertainty in the HPL gate-to-gate sequence. The results show that the transport of densified biomass introduces the highest variability and contribution to the carbon footprint of the logistics HPL supply chain (0.2-13 g CO 2e/MJ). Moreover, depending upon the biomass availability and its spatial density and surrounding transportation infrastructure (road and rail), logistics HPL processes can increase the variability in life cycle environmental impacts for lignocellulosic biofuels. Within Kansas, life cycle GHG emissions could range from 24 to 41 g CO 2e/MJ depending upon the location, size and number of preprocessing depots constructed. However, this range can be

Uncertainties in Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Advanced Biomass Feedstock Logistics Supply Chains in Kansas

DOE PAGES

Cafferty, Kara G.; Searcy, Erin M.; Nguyen, Long; ...

2014-11-04

To meet Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) cellulosic biofuel mandates, the United States will require an annual domestic supply of about 242 million Mg of biomass by 2022. To improve the feedstock logistics of lignocellulosic biofuels and access available biomass resources from areas with varying yields, commodity systems have been proposed and designed to deliver on-spec biomass feedstocks at preprocessing “depots”, which densify and stabilize the biomass prior to long-distance transport and delivery to centralized biorefineries. The harvesting, preprocessing, and logistics (HPL) of biomass commodity supply chains thus could introduce spatially variable environmental impacts into the biofuel life cyclemore » due to needing to harvest, move, and preprocess biomass from multiple distances that have variable spatial density. This study examines the uncertainty in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of corn stover logisticsHPL within a bio-ethanol supply chain in the state of Kansas, where sustainable biomass supply varies spatially. Two scenarios were evaluated each having a different number of depots of varying capacity and location within Kansas relative to a central commodity-receiving biorefinery to test GHG emissions uncertainty. Monte Carlo simulation was used to estimate the spatial uncertainty in the HPL gate-to-gate sequence. The results show that the transport of densified biomass introduces the highest variability and contribution to the carbon footprint of the logistics HPL supply chain (0.2-13 g CO 2e/MJ). Moreover, depending upon the biomass availability and its spatial density and surrounding transportation infrastructure (road and rail), logistics HPL processes can increase the variability in life cycle environmental impacts for lignocellulosic biofuels. Within Kansas, life cycle GHG emissions could range from 24 to 41 g CO 2e/MJ depending upon the location, size and number of preprocessing depots constructed. However, this range can be

Structural and Biochemical Analyses Reveal the Mechanism of Glutathione S-Transferase Pi 1 Inhibition by the Anti-cancer Compound Piperlongumine.

PubMed

Harshbarger, Wayne; Gondi, Sudershan; Ficarro, Scott B; Hunter, John; Udayakumar, Durga; Gurbani, Deepak; Singer, William D; Liu, Yan; Li, Lianbo; Marto, Jarrod A; Westover, Kenneth D

2017-01-06

Glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1) is frequently overexpressed in cancerous tumors and is a putative target of the plant compound piperlongumine (PL), which contains two reactive olefins and inhibits proliferation in cancer cells but not normal cells. PL exposure of cancer cells results in increased reactive oxygen species and decreased GSH. These data in tandem with other information led to the conclusion that PL inhibits GSTP1, which forms covalent bonds between GSH and various electrophilic compounds, through covalent adduct formation at the C7-C8 olefin of PL, whereas the C2-C3 olefin of PL was postulated to react with GSH. However, direct evidence for this mechanism has been lacking. To investigate, we solved the X-ray crystal structure of GSTP1 bound to PL and GSH at 1.1 Å resolution to rationalize previously reported structure activity relationship studies. Surprisingly, the structure showed that a hydrolysis product of PL (hPL) was conjugated to glutathione at the C7-C8 olefin, and this complex was bound to the active site of GSTP1; no covalent bond formation between hPL and GSTP1 was observed. Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of the reactions between PL and GSTP1 confirmed that PL does not label GSTP1. Moreover, MS data also indicated that nucleophilic attack on PL at the C2-C3 olefin led to PL hydrolysis. Although hPL inhibits GSTP1 enzymatic activity in vitro, treatment of cells susceptible to PL with hPL did not have significant anti-proliferative effects, suggesting that hPL is not membrane-permeable. Altogether, our data suggest a model wherein PL is a prodrug whose intracellular hydrolysis initiates the formation of the hPL-GSH conjugate, which blocks the active site of and inhibits GSTP1 and thereby cancer cell proliferation. © 2017 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Scalability and process transfer of mesenchymal stromal cell production from monolayer to microcarrier culture using human platelet lysate.

PubMed

Heathman, Thomas R J; Stolzing, Alexandra; Fabian, Claire; Rafiq, Qasim A; Coopman, Karen; Nienow, Alvin W; Kara, Bo; Hewitt, Christopher J

2016-04-01

The selection of medium and associated reagents for human mesenchymal stromal cell (hMSC) culture forms an integral part of manufacturing process development and must be suitable for multiple process scales and expansion technologies. In this work, we have expanded BM-hMSCs in fetal bovine serum (FBS)- and human platelet lysate (HPL)-containing media in both a monolayer and a suspension-based microcarrier process. The introduction of HPL into the monolayer process increased the BM-hMSC growth rate at the first experimental passage by 0.049 day and 0.127/day for the two BM-hMSC donors compared with the FBS-based monolayer process. This increase in growth rate in HPL-containing medium was associated with an increase in the inter-donor consistency, with an inter-donor range of 0.406 cumulative population doublings after 18 days compared with 2.013 in FBS-containing medium. Identity and quality characteristics of the BM-hMSCs are also comparable between conditions in terms of colony-forming potential, osteogenic potential and expression of key genes during monolayer and post-harvest from microcarrier expansion. BM-hMSCs cultured on microcarriers in HPL-containing medium demonstrated a reduction in the initial lag phase for both BM-hMSC donors and an increased BM-hMSC yield after 6 days of culture to 1.20 ± 0.17 × 10(5) and 1.02 ± 0.005 × 10(5) cells/mL compared with 0.79 ± 0.05 × 10(5) and 0.36 ± 0.04 × 10(5) cells/mL in FBS-containing medium. This study has demonstrated that HPL, compared with FBS-containing medium, delivers increased growth and comparability across two BM-hMSC donors between monolayer and microcarrier culture, which will have key implications for process transfer during scale-up. Copyright © 2016 International Society for Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Cloning and characterization of a 9-lipoxygenase gene induced by pathogen attack from Nicotiana benthamiana for biotechnological application

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Plant lipoxygenases (LOXs) have been proposed to form biologically active compounds both during normal developmental stages such as germination or growth as well as during responses to environmental stress such as wounding or pathogen attack. In our previous study, we found that enzyme activity of endogenous 9-LOX in Nicotiana benthamiana was highly induced by agroinfiltration using a tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) based vector system. Results A LOX gene which is expressed after treatment of the viral vectors was isolated from Nicotiana benthamiana. As the encoded LOX has a high amino acid identity to other 9-LOX proteins, the gene was named as Nb-9-LOX. It was heterologously expressed in yeast cells and its enzymatic activity was characterized. The yeast cells expressed large quantities of stable 9-LOX (0.9 U ml-1 cell cultures) which can oxygenate linoleic acid resulting in high yields (18 μmol ml-1 cell cultures) of hydroperoxy fatty acid. The product specificity of Nb-9-LOX was examined by incubation of linoleic acid and Nb-9-LOX in combination with a 13-hydroperoxide lyase from watermelon (Cl-13-HPL) or a 9/13-hydroperoxide lyase from melon (Cm-9/13-HPL) and by LC-MS analysis. The result showed that Nb-9-LOX possesses both 9- and 13-LOX specificity, with high predominance for the 9-LOX function. The combination of recombinant Nb-9-LOX and recombinant Cm-9/13-HPL produced large amounts of C9-aldehydes (3.3 μmol mg-1 crude protein). The yield of C9-aldehydes from linoleic acid was 64%. Conclusion The yeast expressed Nb-9-LOX can be used to produce C9-aldehydes on a large scale in combination with a HPL gene with 9-HPL function, or to effectively produce 9-hydroxy-10(E),12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid in a biocatalytic process in combination with cysteine as a mild reducing agent. PMID:21450085

Teaching for adaptive expertise in biomedical engineering ethics.

PubMed

Martin, Taylor; Rayne, Karen; Kemp, Nate J; Hart, Jack; Diller, Kenneth R

2005-04-01

This paper considers an approach to teaching ethics in bioengineering based on the How People Learn (HPL) framework. Curricula based on this framework have been effective in mathematics and science instruction from the kindergarten to the college levels. This framework is well suited to teaching bioengineering ethics because it helps learners develop "adaptive expertise". Adaptive expertise refers to the ability to use knowledge and experience in a domain to learn in unanticipated situations. It differs from routine expertise, which requires using knowledge appropriately to solve routine problems. Adaptive expertise is an important educational objective for bioengineers because the regulations and knowledge base in the discipline are likely to change significantly over the course of their careers. This study compares the performance of undergraduate bioengineering students who learned about ethics for stem cell research using the HPL method of instruction to the performance of students who learned following a standard lecture sequence. Both groups learned the factual material equally well, but the HPL group was more prepared to act adaptively when presented with a novel situation.

Histopathological pattern in childhood glomerulonephritis.

PubMed

Moorani, Khemchand Netaram; Sherali, Afroze Ramzan

2010-12-01

To determine the histopathological pattern in childhood glomerulonephritis (CGN). This retrospective analysis of renal biopsies of 118 children with various clinical syndromes of CGN was carried out at the National Institute of Child Health (NICH) and The Kidney Center (TKC), Karachi, from July 2005 to December 2009. The age ranged from 6 months to 16 years. All biopsies were studied under light microscopy (LM) and immunoflourescence (IMF). Histopathological lesions (HPL) were classified as primary and secondary glomerular diseases. Demographic data, indications and HPL were retrieved and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Out of 118 patients, 62 (52.54%) were males and 56(47.45%) females. Mean age was 8.2 +/- 3.9 years. Major indications for biopsy were primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS 86, 72.88%). secondary GN (SGN, 17, 14.4%) and nephritic-nephrotic syndrome (NNS 13, 11%). Overall, primary glomerular diseases (PGD) accounted for 84.74% of all biopsies. Minimal change disease (MCD 38, 32.2%) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS 35, 29.66%) were the two most common lesions and accounted for 43% and 33.72% respectively in PNS. Other important lesions were membranous GN (MGN 10, 8.47%), membranoproliferative (MPGN 9, 7.16%), post-infective (PIGN 4, 3.38%) and IgM nephropathy (IgMN 3, 2.54%). Among secondary glomerular diseases (SGD), lupus nephritis (LN 11, 9.32%) was the most common lesion followed by Henoch-Schonlein nephritis (HSN) and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) each in 3 (2.52%). Overall, MCD and FSGS were the two most common HPL in PGD and both dominated in PNS. Lupus nephritis was the leading lesion in SGD. These histopathological pattern of CGN in our study is in conformity with the existing literature from Pakistan.

Department of Defense high power laser program guidance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muller, Clifford H.

1994-06-01

The DoD investment of nominally $200 million per year is focused on four high power laser (HPL) concepts: Space-Based Laser (SBL), a Ballistic Missile Defense Organization effort that addresses boost-phase intercept for Theater Missile Defense and National Missile Defense; Airborne Laser (ABL), an Air Force effort that addresses boost-phase intercept for Theater Missile Defense; Ground-Based Laser (GBL), an Air Force effort addressing space control; and Anti-Ship Missile Defense (ASMD), a Navy effort addressing ship-based defense. Each organization is also supporting technology development with the goal of achieving less expensive, brighter, and lighter high power laser systems. These activities represent the building blocks of the DoD program to exploit the compelling characteristics of the high power laser. Even though DoD's HPL program are focused and moderately strong, additional emphasis in a few technical areas could help reduce risk in these programs. In addition, a number of options are available for continuing to use the High-Energy Laser System Test Facility (HELSTF) at White Sands Missile Range. This report provides a brief overview and guidance for the five efforts which comprise the DoD HPL program (SBL, ABL, GBL, ASMD, HELSTF).

Role of hydroperoxide lyase in white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera Horváth)-induced resistance to bacterial blight in rice, Oryza sativa L.

PubMed

Gomi, Kenji; Satoh, Masaru; Ozawa, Rika; Shinonaga, Yumi; Sanada, Sachiyo; Sasaki, Katsutomo; Matsumura, Masaya; Ohashi, Yuko; Kanno, Hiroo; Akimitsu, Kazuya; Takabayashi, Junji

2010-01-01

A pre-infestation of the white-backed planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera Horváth, conferred resistance to bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under both laboratory and field conditions. The infestation of another planthopper species, the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens Stål, did not significantly reduce the incidence of bacterial blight symptoms. A large-scale screening using a rice DNA microarray and quantitative RT-PCR revealed that WBPH infestation caused the upregulation of more defence-related genes than did BPH infestation. Hydroperoxide lyase 2 (OsHPL2), an enzyme for producing C(6) volatiles, was upregulated by WBPH infestation, but not by BPH infestation. One C(6) volatile, (E)-2-hexenal, accumulated in rice after WBPH infestation, but not after BPH infestation. A direct application of (E)-2-hexenal to a liquid culture of Xoo inhibited the growth of the bacterium. Furthermore, a vapour treatment of rice plants with (E)-2-hexenal induced resistance to bacterial blight. OsHPL2-overexpressing transgenic rice plants exhibited increased resistance to bacterial blight. Based on these data, we conclude that OsHPL2 and its derived (E)-2-hexenal play some role in WBPH-induced resistance in rice.

21 CFR 862.1585 - Human placental lactogen test system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... placental lactogen are used in the diagnosis and clinical management of high-risk pregnancies involving fetal distress associated with placental insufficiency. Measurements of HPL are also used in pregnancies...

Do socio-cultural factors influence college students' self-rated health status and health-promoting lifestyles? A cross-sectional multicenter study in Dalian, China.

PubMed

Lolokote, Sainyugu; Hidru, Tesfaldet Habtemariam; Li, Xiaofeng

2017-05-19

those with a 'general' lifestyle were at a 3.2 times higher risk SHS (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.5-7.18). Good and moderate HPLP-II levels of nutrition are associated with low risk of suboptimal health status (OR: 0,41 and 0,25, respectively). Participants in good and moderate HPLP-II levels of interpersonal relations are associated with higher risk of suboptimal health (OR:2,7 and 3,01 respectively) than those in excellent levels of HPLP-II. Collectively, these findings provide a convincing body of evidence to support the role of socio-cultural factors as key determinants of the HPL and SRH of college students.

[The validity of radioimmunologic determination of bioavailability of beta-escin in horse chestnut extracts].

PubMed

Schrödter, A; Loew, D; Schwankl, W; Rietbrock, N

1998-09-01

The bioavailability under steady state conditions of a standard, slow-release horse chestnut seed extract (HCSE)-containing product was compared with that of an analogous, fast-release test preparation (Noricaven novo) in a prospective, randomised, double-blind study in a double cross-over design. The serum concentration of beta-escin (CAS 6805-41-0) was measured by radioimmunoassay. In addition, the biopharmaceutical properties of the HCSEs present in the products were investigated, the amount and composition of the active ingredient, escin, being analysed with a validated HPLC method. The pharmacokinetics of this study were compared with the corresponding data of a similar investigation carried out under analogous conditions concerning study design, analytical methods and reference preparation. Comparison of the similar studies revealed differences in characteristic pharmakokinetic values of beta-escin in terms of a shift of the concentration time curves as could be demonstrated for the reference product. The total amounts of escin in the two products investigated did not differ significantly. However, quantitative and qualitative differences were detected in the constituents of the two different extract preparations. It is concluded that the high specificity of the validated beta-escin radioimmunoassay leads to analytical imprecision due to the variable constituents of the extract preparations used. It is necessary to test whether this problem can be solved using an analytical approach, which is specific for each extract.

Effects of Prenatal Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation on Fetal Growth Factors: A Cluster-Randomized, Controlled Trial in Rural Bangladesh

PubMed Central

Gernand, Alison D.; Schulze, Kerry J.; Nanayakkara-Bind, Ashika; Arguello, Margia; Shamim, Abu Ahmed; Ali, Hasmot; Wu, Lee; West, Keith P.; Christian, Parul

2015-01-01

Prenatal multiple micronutrient (MM) supplementation improves birth weight through increased fetal growth and gestational age, but whether maternal or fetal growth factors are involved is unclear. Our objective was to examine the effect of prenatal MM supplementation on intrauterine growth factors and the associations between growth factors and birth outcomes in a rural setting in Bangladesh. In a double-blind, cluster-randomized, controlled trial of MM vs. iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation, we measured placental growth hormone (PGH) at 10 weeks and PGH and human placental lactogen (hPL) at 32 weeks gestation in maternal plasma (n = 396) and insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and IGF binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in cord plasma (n = 325). Birth size and gestational age were also assessed. Early pregnancy mean (SD) BMI was 19.5 (2.4) kg/m2 and birth weight was 2.68 (0.41) kg. There was no effect of MM on concentrations of maternal hPL or PGH, or cord insulin, IGF-1, or IGFBP-1. However, among pregnancies of female offspring, hPL concentration was higher by 1.1 mg/L in the third trimester (95% CI: 0.2, 2.0 mg/L; p = 0.09 for interaction); and among women with height <145 cm, insulin was higher by 59% (95% CI: 3, 115%; p = 0.05 for interaction) in the MM vs. IFA group. Maternal hPL and cord blood insulin and IGF-1 were positively, and IGFBP-1 was negatively, associated with birth weight z score and other measures of birth size (all p<0.05). IGF-1 was inversely associated with gestational age (p<0.05), but other growth factors were not associated with gestational age or preterm birth. Prenatal MM supplementation had no overall impact on intrauterine growth factors. MM supplementation altered some growth factors differentially by maternal early pregnancy nutritional status and sex of the offspring, but this should be examined in other studies. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00860470 PMID:26431336

Effects of Prenatal Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation on Fetal Growth Factors: A Cluster-Randomized, Controlled Trial in Rural Bangladesh.

PubMed

Gernand, Alison D; Schulze, Kerry J; Nanayakkara-Bind, Ashika; Arguello, Margia; Shamim, Abu Ahmed; Ali, Hasmot; Wu, Lee; West, Keith P; Christian, Parul

2015-01-01

Prenatal multiple micronutrient (MM) supplementation improves birth weight through increased fetal growth and gestational age, but whether maternal or fetal growth factors are involved is unclear. Our objective was to examine the effect of prenatal MM supplementation on intrauterine growth factors and the associations between growth factors and birth outcomes in a rural setting in Bangladesh. In a double-blind, cluster-randomized, controlled trial of MM vs. iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation, we measured placental growth hormone (PGH) at 10 weeks and PGH and human placental lactogen (hPL) at 32 weeks gestation in maternal plasma (n = 396) and insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and IGF binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in cord plasma (n = 325). Birth size and gestational age were also assessed. Early pregnancy mean (SD) BMI was 19.5 (2.4) kg/m2 and birth weight was 2.68 (0.41) kg. There was no effect of MM on concentrations of maternal hPL or PGH, or cord insulin, IGF-1, or IGFBP-1. However, among pregnancies of female offspring, hPL concentration was higher by 1.1 mg/L in the third trimester (95% CI: 0.2, 2.0 mg/L; p = 0.09 for interaction); and among women with height <145 cm, insulin was higher by 59% (95% CI: 3, 115%; p = 0.05 for interaction) in the MM vs. IFA group. Maternal hPL and cord blood insulin and IGF-1 were positively, and IGFBP-1 was negatively, associated with birth weight z score and other measures of birth size (all p<0.05). IGF-1 was inversely associated with gestational age (p<0.05), but other growth factors were not associated with gestational age or preterm birth. Prenatal MM supplementation had no overall impact on intrauterine growth factors. MM supplementation altered some growth factors differentially by maternal early pregnancy nutritional status and sex of the offspring, but this should be examined in other studies. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00860470.

Mechanical fibrinogen-depletion supports heparin-free mesenchymal stem cell propagation in human platelet lysate.

PubMed

Laner-Plamberger, Sandra; Lener, Thomas; Schmid, Doris; Streif, Doris A; Salzer, Tina; Öller, Michaela; Hauser-Kronberger, Cornelia; Fischer, Thorsten; Jacobs, Volker R; Schallmoser, Katharina; Gimona, Mario; Rohde, Eva

2015-11-10

Pooled human platelet lysate (pHPL) is an efficient alternative to xenogenic supplements for ex vivo expansion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in clinical studies. Currently, porcine heparin is used in pHPL-supplemented medium to prevent clotting due to plasmatic coagulation factors. We therefore searched for an efficient and reproducible medium preparation method that avoids clot formation while omitting animal-derived heparin. We established a protocol to deplete fibrinogen by clotting of pHPL in medium, subsequent mechanical hydrogel disruption and removal of the fibrin pellet. After primary culture, bone-marrow and umbilical cord derived MSCs were tested for surface markers by flow cytometry and for trilineage differentiation capacity. Proliferation and clonogenicity were analyzed for three passages. The proposed clotting procedure reduced fibrinogen more than 1000-fold, while a volume recovery of 99.5 % was obtained. All MSC types were propagated in standard and fibrinogen-depleted medium. Flow cytometric phenotype profiles and adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential in vitro were independent of MSC-source or medium type. Enhanced proliferation of MSCs was observed in the absence of fibrinogen but presence of heparin compared to standard medium. Interestingly, this proliferative response to heparin was not detected after an initial contact with fibrinogen during the isolation procedure. Here, we present an efficient, reproducible and economical method in compliance to good manufacturing practice for the preparation of MSC media avoiding xenogenic components and suitable for clinical studies.

The interaction between cytotrophoblasts and their derived tumor cells.

PubMed

Rachmilewitz, J; Goshen, R; Elkin, M; Gonik, B; Neaman, Z; Giloh, H; Strauss, B; Komitowsky, D; de Groot, N; Hochberg, A

1995-06-01

Previous experiments demonstrated that human cytotrophoblasts and cells of the choriocarcinoma cell line JAr interact in vitro. As a result of this interaction there is an increased synthesis of CG and hPL, probably as a result of the increased CG and hPL synthesis by the cytotrophoblasts. In the present investigation we studied this interaction in greater detail and found that both cytotrophoblasts and JAr cells undergo changes in their biological properties as a result of this interaction. JAr cells and cytotrophoblasts cocultured for 72 hr were fractionated according to their size by centrifugal elutriation. The number of cells in the fraction which contain the largest cells was very significantly increased as a result of the coculture. This increase was due to an increase in the number of cells of both cell types. This fraction was the most active one in the synthesis of CG and hPL. The synthesis of DNA by the JAr nuclei in this fraction of the cocultured cells was almost completely inhibited but in the parallel fraction of the JAr cells cultivated alone the level of DNA synthesis was equal to that of all other JAr cell fractions. Heterokaryons are formed in the coculture. In these heterokaryons a factor which inhibits DNA synthesis in the cytotrophoblasts may inhibit DNA synthesis in JAr nuclei and at least be partly responsible for the inhibition of DNA synthesis observed.

Identification of messenger RNA of fetoplacental source in maternal plasma of women with normal pregnancies and pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction.

PubMed

Ayala Ramírez, Paola; García Robles, Reggie; Rojas, Juan Diego; Bermúdez, Martha; Bernal, Jaime

2012-07-01

to quantify placenta-specific RNA in plasma of women carrying foetuses with intrauterine growth restriction and pregnant women with normal pregnancies. 8 pregnant women with foetuses with intrauterine growth restriction were studied as well as 18 women with uncomplicated pregnancies in the third pregnancy trimester. Total free RNA was quantified in maternal plasma by spectrophotometry and the gene expression of hPL (Human Placental Lactogen) at the messenger RNA level through technical Real Time-Chain Reaction Polymerase. plasma RNA of fetoplacental origin was successfully detected in 100% of pregnant women. There were no statistically significant differences between the values of total RNA extracted from plasma (p= 0.5975) nor in the messenger RNA expression of hPL gene (p= 0.5785) between cases and controls. messenger RNA of fetoplacental origin can be detected in maternal plasma during pregnancy.

Relationships of Quality Characteristics with Size Exclusion HPLC Chromatogram of Protein Extract in Soft-White Winter Wheats.

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

This study investigated relationships between molecular weight distributions of unreduced grain proteins and grain, flour, and end-use quality characteristics of soft white winter wheats grown in Oregon. Absorbance area and area % values of protein fractions separated by size exclusion HPLC (SE-HPL...

Identification of messenger RNA of fetoplacental source in maternal plasma of women with normal pregnancies and pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction

PubMed Central

García Robles, Reggie; Rojas, Juan Diego; Bermúdez, Martha; Bernal, Jaime

2012-01-01

Objective: to quantify placenta-specific RNA in plasma of women carrying foetuses with intrauterine growth restriction and pregnant women with normal pregnancies. Methods: 8 pregnant women with foetuses with intrauterine growth restriction were studied as well as 18 women with uncomplicated pregnancies in the third pregnancy trimester. Total free RNA was quantified in maternal plasma by spectrophotometry and the gene expression of hPL (Human Placental Lactogen) at the messenger RNA level through technical Real Time-Chain Reaction Polymerase. Results: plasma RNA of fetoplacental origin was successfully detected in 100% of pregnant women. There were no statistically significant differences between the values of total RNA extracted from plasma (p= 0.5975) nor in the messenger RNA expression of hPL gene (p= 0.5785) between cases and controls. Conclusion: messenger RNA of fetoplacental origin can be detected in maternal plasma during pregnancy. PMID:24893189

Gender differences in emotion experience perception under different facial muscle manipulations.

PubMed

Wang, Yufeng; Zhang, Dongjun; Zou, Feng; Li, Hao; Luo, Yanyan; Zhang, Meng; Liu, Yijun

2016-04-01

According to embodied emotion theory, facial manipulations should modulate and initiate particular emotions. However, whether there are gender differences in emotion experience perception under different facial muscle manipulations is not clear. Therefore, we conducted two behavioral experiments to examine gender differences in emotional perception in response to facial expressions (sad, neutral, and happy) under three conditions: (1) holding a pen using only the teeth (HPT), which facilitates the muscles typically associated with smiling; (2) holding a pen using only the lips (HPL), which inhibits the muscles typically associated with smiling; and (3) a control condition--hold no pen (HNP). We found that HPT made the emotional feelings more positive, and that the change degree of female's ratings of sad facial expressions between conditions (HPL to HPT) was larger than males'. These results suggested cognition can be affected by the interaction of the stimuli and the body, especially the female. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of shear-compressive strength properties for laminated GFRP composites in electromagnet system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Jun Hee; Kim, Hak Kun; Kim, Sam Yeon

2014-07-01

Laminated fiber-reinforced composites can be applied to an insulating structure of a nuclear fusion device. It is necessary to investigate the interlaminar fracture characteristics of the laminated composites for the assurance of design and structural integrity. The three methods used to prepare the glass fiber reinforced plastic composites tested in this study were vacuum pressure impregnation, high pressure laminate (HPL), and prepreg laminate. We discuss the design criteria for safe application of composites and the shear-compressive test methods for evaluating mechanical properties of the material. Shear-compressive tests could be performed successfully using series-type test jigs that were inclined 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75° to the normal axis. Shear strength depends strongly on the applied compressive stress. The design range of allowable shear stress was extended by use of the appropriate composite fabrication method. HPL had the largest design range, and the allowable interlaminar shear stress was 0.254 times the compressive stress.

Coastal Marine Demonstration of Forecast Information to Mariners for the U.S. East Coast

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-09-30

Maryland Center for Environmental Science PO Box 775 Cambridge, MD 21613-0775 410.221.8477 fax:410.221.8490 walstad@hpl.umces.edu George L. Mellor... Environmental Science ,PO Box 775,Cambridge,MD,21613-0775 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES

Kinetic properties of dromedary pancreatic lipase: a comparative study on emulsified and monomolecular substrate.

PubMed

Jemel, Ikram; Fendri, Ahmed; Gargouri, Youssef; Bezzine, Sofiane

2009-05-01

Using the classical emulsified system and the monomolecular film technique, we compared several interfacial properties of dromedary pancreatic lipase (DrPL) with those of a mammal (human) and an avian (turkey) model. Like turkey pancreatic lipase (TPL) and unlike human pancreatic lipase (HPL), in the absence of colipase and bile salts, using tributyrin emulsion or monomolecular films of dicaprin at low surface pressure, DrPL hydrolyses pure tributyrin emulsion, as well as dicaprin films maintained at low surface pressures. DrPL was also able to hydrolyse triolein emulsion in the absence of any additive and despite the accumulation of long-chain free fatty acids at the interface. The difference of behaviours between the two mammal pancreatic lipases (DrPL and HPL) can be explained by the penetration capacity of each enzyme. DrPL presents a critical surface pressure value (21 m Nm(-1)) that is more important than this of HPL. Subsequently, the dromedary pancreatic lipase interacts efficiently with interfaces and it is not denaturated at high interfacial energy. A kinetic study on the surface pressure dependency, stereospecificity and regioselectivity of DrPL was performed using optically pure stereoisomers of either three dicaprin isomers containing a single hydrolysable decanoyl ester bond that were spread as monomolecular films at the air/water interface. Interestingly, in comparison with all the previously studied mammal pancreatic lipases, DrPL presents the highest preference for adjacent ester groups of dicaprin isomers (1,2-sn-dicaprin and 2,3-sn-dicaprin) at high surface pressure. Furthermore, DrPL forms a pancreatic lipase subgroup in which the stereopreference switches from sn-3 position to the sn-1 position when increasing the surface pressure.

Quantitative study of digestive enzyme secretion and gastrointestinal lipolysis in chronic pancreatitis.

PubMed

Carrière, Frédéric; Grandval, Philippe; Renou, Christophe; Palomba, Aurélie; Priéri, Florence; Giallo, Jacqueline; Henniges, Friederike; Sander-Struckmeier, Suntje; Laugier, René

2005-01-01

The contribution of human gastric lipase (HGL) to the overall lipolysis process in chronic pancreatitis (CP), as well as the relative pancreatic enzyme levels, rarely are addressed. This study was designed to quantify pancreatic and extrapancreatic enzyme output, activity, and stability in CP patients vs. healthy volunteers. Healthy volunteers (n = 6), mild CP patients (n = 5), and severe (n = 7) CP patients were intubated with gastric and duodenal tubes before the administration of a test meal. HGL, human pancreatic lipase (HPL), chymotrypsin, and amylase concentrations were assessed in gastric and duodenal samples by measuring the respective enzymatic activities. Intragastric and overall lipolysis levels at the angle of Treitz were estimated based on quantitative analysis of lipolysis products. Similar analyses were performed on duodenal contents incubated ex vivo for studying enzyme stability and evolution of lipolysis. Although HPL, chymotrypsin, and amylase outputs all were extremely low, HGL outputs in patients with severe CP (46.8 +/- 31.0 mg) were 3-4-fold higher than in healthy controls (13.3 +/- 13.8 mg). Intragastric lipolysis did not increase, however, in patients with severe CP, probably because of the rapid decrease in the pH level of the gastric contents caused by a higher gastric acid secretion. HGL remains active and highly stable in the acidic duodenal contents of CP patients, and, overall, can achieve a significant lipolysis of the dietary triglycerides (30% of the control values) in the absence of HPL. Although all pancreatic enzyme secretions are simultaneously reduced in severe CP, gastric lipase can compensate partly for the loss of pancreatic lipase but not normalize overall lipolytic activity.

Collaborative Learning Processes in the Context of a Public Health Professional Development Program: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tremblay, Marie-Claude; Richard, Lucie; Brousselle, Astrid; Chiocchio, François; Beaudet, Nicole

2017-01-01

The health promotion laboratory (HPL-Canada) is a public health professional development program building on a collaborative learning approach in order to support long-term practice change in local health services teams. This study aims to analyse the collaborative learning processes of two teams involved in the program during the first year of…

Analysis of the discriminative inhibition of mammalian digestive lipases by 3-phenyl substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones.

PubMed

Point, Vanessa; Pavan Kumar, K V P; Marc, Sylvain; Delorme, Vincent; Parsiegla, Goetz; Amara, Sawsan; Carrière, Frédéric; Buono, Gérard; Fotiadu, Frédéric; Canaan, Stéphane; Leclaire, Julien; Cavalier, Jean-François

2012-12-01

We report here the reactivity and selectivity of three 5-Methoxy-N-3-Phenyl substituted-1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones (MPOX, as well as meta and para-PhenoxyPhenyl derivatives, i.e.MmPPOX and MpPPOX) with respect to the inhibition of mammalian digestive lipases: dog gastric lipase (DGL), human (HPL) and porcine (PPL) pancreatic lipases, human (HPLRP2) and guinea pig (GPLRP2) pancreatic lipase-related proteins 2, human pancreatic carboxyl ester hydrolase (hCEH), and porcine pancreatic extracts (PPE). All three oxadiazolones displayed similar inhibitory activities on DGL, PLRP2s and hCEH than the FDA-approved anti-obesity drug Orlistat towards the same enzymes. These compounds appeared however to be discriminative of HPL (poorly inhibited) and PPL (fully inhibited). The inhibitory activities obtained experimentally in vitro were further rationalized using in silico molecular docking. In the case of DGL, we demonstrated that the phenoxy group plays a key role in specific molecular interactions within the lipase's active site. The absence of this group in the case of MPOX, as well as its connectivity to the neighbouring aromatic ring in the case of MmPPOX and MpPPOX, strongly impacts the inhibitory efficiency of these oxadiazolones and leads to a significant gain in selectivity towards the lipases tested. The powerful inhibition of PPL, DGL, PLRP2s, hCEH and to a lesser extend HPL, suggests that oxadiazolone derivatives could also provide useful leads for the development of novel and more discriminative inhibitors of digestive lipases. These inhibitors could be used for a better understanding of individual lipase function as well as for drug development aiming at the regulation of the whole gastrointestinal lipolysis process. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

An interfacial and comparative in vitro study of gastrointestinal lipases and Yarrowia lipolytica LIP2 lipase, a candidate for enzyme replacement therapy.

PubMed

Bénarouche, Anaïs; Point, Vanessa; Carrière, Frédéric; Cavalier, Jean-François

2014-07-01

Lipolytic activities of Yarrowia lipolytica LIP2 lipase (YLLIP2), human pancreatic (HPL) and dog gastric (DGL) lipases were first compared using lecithin-stabilized triacylglycerol (TAG) emulsions (Intralipid) at various pH and bile salt concentrations. Like DGL, YLLIP2 was able to hydrolyze TAG droplets covered by a lecithin monolayer, while HPL was not directly active on that substrate. These results were in good agreement with the respective kinetics of adsorption on phosphatidylcholine (PC) monomolecular films of the same three lipases, YLLIP2 being the most tensioactive lipase. YLLIP2 adsorption onto a PC monolayer spread at the air/water interface was influenced by pH-dependent changes in the enzyme/lipid interfacial association constant (KAds) which was optimum at pH 6.0 on long-chain egg PC monolayer, and at pH 5.0 on medium chain dilauroylphosphatidylcholine film. Using substrate monolayers (1,2-dicaprin, trioctanoin), YLLIP2 displayed the highest lipolytic activities on both substrates in the 25-35 mN m(-1) surface pressure range. YLLIP2 was active in a large pH range and displayed a pH-dependent activity profile combining DGL and HPL features at pH values found in the stomach (pH 3-5) and in the intestine (pH 6-7), respectively. The apparent maximum activity of YLLIP2 was observed at acidic pH 4-6 and was therefore well correlated with an efficient interfacial binding at these pH levels, whatever the type of interfaces (Intralipid emulsions, substrate or PC monolayers). All these findings support the use of YLLIP2 in enzyme replacement therapy for the treatment of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, a pathological situation in which an acidification of intestinal contents occurs. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of GMP-compliant culture media for in vitro expansion of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells.

PubMed

Wuchter, Patrick; Vetter, Marcel; Saffrich, Rainer; Diehlmann, Anke; Bieback, Karen; Ho, Anthony D; Horn, Patrick

2016-06-01

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from human bone marrow serve as a resource for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. Clinical applications require standardized protocols according to good manufacturing practice (GMP) guidelines. Donor variability as well as the intrinsic heterogeneity of MSC populations must be taken into consideration. The composition of the culture medium is a key factor in successful MSC expansion. The aim of this study was to comparatively assess the efficiency of xeno-free human platelet lysate (HPL)-based cell expansion with two commercially available media-StemPro MSC SFM CTS (for human ex vivo tissue and cell culture processing applications) and MSCGM (non-GMP-compliant, for research only)-in an academic setting as the first optimization step toward GMP-compliant manufacturing. We report the feasibility of MSC expansion up to the yielded cell number with all three media. MSCs exhibited the typical fibroblastoid morphology, with distinct differences in cell size depending on the medium. The differentiation capacity and characteristic immunophenotype were confirmed for all MSC populations. Proliferation was highest using StemPro MSC SFM CTS, whereas HPL medium was more cost-effective and its composition could be adjusted individually according to the respective needs. In summary, we present a comprehensive evaluation of GMP-compatible culture media for MSC expansion. Both StemPro and HPL medium proved to be suitable for clinical application and allowed sufficient cell proliferation. Specific differences were observed and should be considered according to the intended use. This study provides a detailed cost analysis and tools that may be helpful for the establishment of GMP-compliant MSC expansion. Copyright © 2016 ISEH - International Society for Experimental Hematology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Gains in Factual and Applied Knowledge: College Students Using IRIS Modules Assigned as Homework or in Class

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

IRIS Center, 2017

2017-01-01

During the 2005-2006 academic year, the impact of IRIS Modules on student learning was conducted to examine how factors related to instructor application of the principles of the How People Learn theory (HPL) affect student learning. The module's content pertained to teaching self-regulation strategies to students. In an introductory class at a…

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hsu, Chih-Hao; Yue, Kan; Wang, Jing

Controlling self-assembled nanostructures in thin films allows the bottom-up fabrication of ordered nanoscale patterns. Here we report the unique thickness-dependent phase behavior in thin films of a bolaform-like giant surfactant, which consists of butyl- and hydroxyl-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (BPOSS and DPOSS) cages telechelically located at the chain ends of a polystyrene (PS) chain with 28 repeating monomers on average. In the bulk, BPOSS-PS28-DPOSS forms a double gyroid (DG) phase. Both grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy techniques are combined to elucidate the thin film structures. Interestingly, films with thicknesses thinner than 200 nm exhibit anmore » irreversible phase transition from hexagonal perforated layer (HPL) to compressed hexagonally packed cylinders (c-HEX) at 130 °C, while films with thickness larger than 200 nm show an irreversible transition from HPL to DG at 200 °C. The thickness-controlled transition pathway suggests possibilities to obtain diverse patterns via thin film self-assembly.« less

Defect Analysis of Roll-to-Roll SAIL Manufactured Flexible Display Backplanes

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

tenting defect through the SAIL process Figure 5: Flexible backplane electrical tester Figure 6: R2R optical inspection system Figure 7: TEM of TFT ...Analysis of Roll-to-Roll SAIL Manufactured Flexible Display...Marcia Almanza-Workman, Robert A. Garcia, HanJun Kim, Ohseung Kwon, Frank Jeffrey HP Laboratories HPL-2011-35 SAIL, flexible displays, roll-to-roll HP

Placental peptides metabolism and maternal factors as predictors of risk of gestational diabetes in pregnant women. A case-control study

PubMed Central

Fondjo, Linda Ahenkorah; Gmagna, Peter; Ghartey, Frank Naku; Awe, Martin Akilla

2017-01-01

Background Gestational diabetes is a risk factor for perinatal complications; include shoulder dystocia, birth injuries such as bone fractures and nerve palsies. It is associated with later development of type 2 diabetes, the risk of macrosomia and other long-term health effects of infants born to diabetic mothers. The study assesses placental peptides and maternal factors as potential predictors of gestational diabetes among pregnant women. Material and methods A total of 200 pregnant women were recruited for the study, 150 pregnant women without pre gestational diabetes including 50 women with low risk factors of diabetes as controls and 50 other pregnant women with pregestational diabetes as control. Fasting blood glucose and the lipid profile were determined by enzymatic methods using Envoy® 500 reagents (Vital Diagnostics, USA). Glycated haemoglobin was assessed using the Cation Exchange resin method. Leptin and the Human Placenta Lactogen were assayed using the Sandwich-ELISA technique. Beta chorionic gonadotrophin, insulin, progesterone and estradiol were determined using chemilumiscence imunoassay technique on MAGLUMI 600 analyzer. Anthropometry, including BMI and blood pressure were also measured. Results Fasting plasma glucose (FBG), insulin, insulin resistance, glycated haemoglobin and Human Placenta Lactogen(HPL)were significantly (p<0.0001) increased in the pregestational diabetic women whereas progesterone and estradiol were significantly decreased. In the second trimester however, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in estradiol, insulin, insulin resistance and HPL between the pregnant women who developed gestational diabetes and those who did not. Leptin, progesterone and FBG were significantly increased in those who developed GDM. The risk of developing gestational diabetes increased with overweight (OR = 1.76, P = 0.370) and family history of diabetes (OR = 2.18, P = 0.282). Conclusion Leptin, progesterone, estradiol estimated in this

Placental peptides metabolism and maternal factors as predictors of risk of gestational diabetes in pregnant women. A case-control study.

PubMed

Ngala, Robert Amadu; Fondjo, Linda Ahenkorah; Gmagna, Peter; Ghartey, Frank Naku; Awe, Martin Akilla

2017-01-01

Gestational diabetes is a risk factor for perinatal complications; include shoulder dystocia, birth injuries such as bone fractures and nerve palsies. It is associated with later development of type 2 diabetes, the risk of macrosomia and other long-term health effects of infants born to diabetic mothers. The study assesses placental peptides and maternal factors as potential predictors of gestational diabetes among pregnant women. A total of 200 pregnant women were recruited for the study, 150 pregnant women without pre gestational diabetes including 50 women with low risk factors of diabetes as controls and 50 other pregnant women with pregestational diabetes as control. Fasting blood glucose and the lipid profile were determined by enzymatic methods using Envoy® 500 reagents (Vital Diagnostics, USA). Glycated haemoglobin was assessed using the Cation Exchange resin method. Leptin and the Human Placenta Lactogen were assayed using the Sandwich-ELISA technique. Beta chorionic gonadotrophin, insulin, progesterone and estradiol were determined using chemilumiscence imunoassay technique on MAGLUMI 600 analyzer. Anthropometry, including BMI and blood pressure were also measured. Fasting plasma glucose (FBG), insulin, insulin resistance, glycated haemoglobin and Human Placenta Lactogen(HPL)were significantly (p<0.0001) increased in the pregestational diabetic women whereas progesterone and estradiol were significantly decreased. In the second trimester however, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in estradiol, insulin, insulin resistance and HPL between the pregnant women who developed gestational diabetes and those who did not. Leptin, progesterone and FBG were significantly increased in those who developed GDM. The risk of developing gestational diabetes increased with overweight (OR = 1.76, P = 0.370) and family history of diabetes (OR = 2.18, P = 0.282). Leptin, progesterone, estradiol estimated in this study were increased in the gestational diabetes

Development of a Computing Cluster At the University of Richmond

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carbonneau, J.; Gilfoyle, G. P.; Bunn, E. F.

2010-11-01

The University of Richmond has developed a computing cluster to support the massive simulation and data analysis requirements for programs in intermediate-energy nuclear physics, and cosmology. It is a 20-node, 240-core system running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5. We have built and installed the physics software packages (Geant4, gemc, MADmap...) and developed shell and Perl scripts for running those programs on the remote nodes. The system has a theoretical processing peak of about 2500 GFLOPS. Testing with the High Performance Linpack (HPL) benchmarking program (one of the standard benchmarks used by the TOP500 list of fastest supercomputers) resulted in speeds of over 900 GFLOPS. The difference between the maximum and measured speeds is due to limitations in the communication speed among the nodes; creating a bottleneck for large memory problems. As HPL sends data between nodes, the gigabit Ethernet connection cannot keep up with the processing power. We will show how both the theoretical and actual performance of the cluster compares with other current and past clusters, as well as the cost per GFLOP. We will also examine the scaling of the performance when distributed to increasing numbers of nodes.

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Imprint Lithography Templates by Colloidal Dispersions

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-06

Dispersions A. Marcia Almanza-Workman, Taussig P. Carl, Albert H. Jeans, Robert L. Cobene HP Laboratories HPL-2011-32 Flexible displays, Self aligned...imprint lithography, stamps, fluorothermoplastics, latex Self -aligned imprint lithography (SAIL) enables patterning and alignment of submicron-sized...features on flexible substrates in the roll-to roll (R2R) environment. Soft molds made of elastomers have been used as stamps to pattern three

An analysis of the adaptability of a professional development program in public health: results from the ALPS Study.

PubMed

Richard, Lucie; Torres, Sara; Tremblay, Marie-Claude; Chiocchio, François; Litvak, Éric; Fortin-Pellerin, Laurence; Beaudet, Nicole

2015-06-14

Professional development is a key component of effective public health infrastructures. To be successful, professional development programs in public health and health promotion must adapt to practitioners' complex real-world practice settings while preserving the core components of those programs' models and theoretical bases. An appropriate balance must be struck between implementation fidelity, defined as respecting the core nature of the program that underlies its effects, and adaptability to context to maximize benefit in specific situations. This article presents a professional development pilot program, the Health Promotion Laboratory (HPL), and analyzes how it was adapted to three different settings while preserving its core components. An exploratory analysis was also conducted to identify team and contextual factors that might have been at play in the emergence of implementation profiles in each site. This paper describes the program, its core components and adaptive features, along with three implementation experiences in local public health teams in Quebec, Canada. For each setting, documentary sources were analyzed to trace the implementation of activities, including temporal patterns throughout the project for each program component. Information about teams and their contexts/settings was obtained through documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews with HPL participants, colleagues and managers from each organization. While each team developed a unique pattern of implementing the activities, all the program's core components were implemented. Differences of implementation were observed in terms of numbers and percentages of activities related to different components of the program as well as in the patterns of activities across time. It is plausible that organizational characteristics influencing, for example, work schedule flexibility or learning culture might have played a role in the HPL implementation process. This paper shows how a

XNP-1/ATR-X acts with RB, HP1 and the NuRD complex during larval development in C. elegans.

PubMed

Cardoso, Carlos; Couillault, Carole; Mignon-Ravix, Cecile; Millet, Anne; Ewbank, Jonathan J; Fontés, Michel; Pujol, Nathalie

2005-02-01

Mutations in the XNP/ATR-X gene cause several X-linked mental retardation syndromes in humans. The XNP/ATR-X gene encodes a DNA-helicase belonging to the SNF2 family. It has been proposed that XNP/ATR-X might be involved in chromatin remodelling. The lack of a mouse model for the ATR-X syndrome has, however, hampered functional studies of XNP/ATR-X. C. elegans possesses one homolog of the XNP/ATR-X gene, named xnp-1. By analysing a deletion mutant, we show that xnp-1 is required for the development of the embryo and the somatic gonad. Moreover, we show that abrogation of xnp-1 function in combination with inactivation of genes of the NuRD complex, as well as lin-35/Rb and hpl-2/HP1 leads to a stereotyped block of larval development with a cessation of growth but not of cell division. We also demonstrate a specific function for xnp-1 together with lin-35 or hpl-2 in the control of transgene expression, a process known to be dependent on chromatin remodelling. This study thus demonstrates that in vivo XNP-1 acts in association with RB, HP1 and the NuRD complex during development.

Comparative study on digestive lipase activities on the self emulsifying excipient Labrasol, medium chain glycerides and PEG esters.

PubMed

Fernandez, Sylvie; Jannin, Vincent; Rodier, Jean-David; Ritter, Nicolas; Mahler, Bruno; Carrière, Frédéric

2007-05-01

Labrasol is a lipid-based self-emulsifying excipient used in the preparation of lipophilic drugs intended for oral delivery. It is mainly composed of PEG esters and glycerides with medium acyl chains, which are potential substrates for digestive lipases. The hydrolysis of Labrasol by porcine pancreatic extracts, human pancreatic juice and several purified digestive lipases was investigated in the present study. Classical human pancreatic lipase (HPL) and porcine pancreatic lipase, which are the main lipases involved in the digestion of dietary triglycerides, showed very low levels of activity on the entire Labrasol excipient as well as on separated fractions of glycerides and PEG esters. On the other hand, gastric lipase, pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 (PLRP2) and carboxyl ester hydrolase (CEH) showed high specific activities on Labrasol. These lipases were found to hydrolyze the main components of Labrasol (PEG esters and monoglycerides) used as individual substrates, whereas these esters were found to be poor substrates for HPL. The lipolytic activity of pancreatic extracts and human pancreatic juice on Labrasol(R) is therefore mainly due to the combined action of CEH and PLRP2. These two pancreatic enzymes, together with gastric lipase, are probably the main enzymes involved in the in vivo lipolysis of Labrasol taken orally.

Putting a Price on Strategy: Implementing a Prediction Market in a Modern Military Unit

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

hit TV show Who Wants to be a Millionaire , the behavior of the stock market immediately following the explosion of the Challenger space shuttle in...Implementation for a Sales Forecasting Problem,” Social Science Working Paper 1131 (2002), accessed May 15, 2012, http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Kay...culture and social change. Of note, the FWE market runs on Inkling Markets software. Both markets began in the summer of 2011 and remain open to

Identification and validation of multiple cell surface markers of clinical-grade adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells as novel release criteria for good manufacturing practice-compliant production.

PubMed

Camilleri, Emily T; Gustafson, Michael P; Dudakovic, Amel; Riester, Scott M; Garces, Catalina Galeano; Paradise, Christopher R; Takai, Hideki; Karperien, Marcel; Cool, Simon; Sampen, Hee-Jeong Im; Larson, A Noelle; Qu, Wenchun; Smith, Jay; Dietz, Allan B; van Wijnen, Andre J

2016-08-11

Clinical translation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) necessitates basic characterization of the cell product since variability in biological source and processing of MSCs may impact therapeutic outcomes. Although expression of classical cell surface markers (e.g., CD90, CD73, CD105, and CD44) is used to define MSCs, identification of functionally relevant cell surface markers would provide more robust release criteria and options for quality control. In addition, cell surface expression may distinguish between MSCs from different sources, including bone marrow-derived MSCs and clinical-grade adipose-derived MSCs (AMSCs) grown in human platelet lysate (hPL). In this work we utilized quantitative PCR, flow cytometry, and RNA-sequencing to characterize AMSCs grown in hPL and validated non-classical markers in 15 clinical-grade donors. We characterized the surface marker transcriptome of AMSCs, validated the expression of classical markers, and identified nine non-classical markers (i.e., CD36, CD163, CD271, CD200, CD273, CD274, CD146, CD248, and CD140B) that may potentially discriminate AMSCs from other cell types. More importantly, these markers exhibit variability in cell surface expression among different cell isolates from a diverse cohort of donors, including freshly prepared, previously frozen, or proliferative state AMSCs and may be informative when manufacturing cells. Our study establishes that clinical-grade AMSCs expanded in hPL represent a homogeneous cell culture population according to classical markers,. Additionally, we validated new biomarkers for further AMSC characterization that may provide novel information guiding the development of new release criteria. Use of Autologous Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate in Painful Knee Osteoarthritis (BMAC): Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01931007 . Registered August 26, 2013. MSC for Occlusive Disease of the Kidney: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01840540 . Registered April 23, 2013. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Multiple

An Object Oriented Analysis Method for Ada and Embedded Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-12-01

expansion of the paradligm from the coding anld desiningactivities into the earlier activity of reurmnsalyi.Ts hpl, begins by discussing the application of...response time: 0.1 seconds.I Step le: Identify Known Restrictions on the Software.I " The cruise control system object code must fit within 16K of mem- orv...application of object-oriented techniques to the coding and desigll phases of the life cycle, as well as various approaches to requirements analysis. 3

Recommendations for a Retargetable Compiler.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-03-01

register transfer or switchin circuit level of description. AHPL 4HPL was developed for use in teaching design . Descriptions in AHPL are non -redundant...ment sytex and semantics have bean oefined. 7he language is be- sicly non -procedural, with event conditions controlling groups of actions. There is...handling temporary variables and its lack of high level control constructs can be attributed to this. B-4 TCOLada [Cat78, SLN791 TCOL was designed by R

Development of copper recovery process from flotation tailings by a combined method of high‒pressure leaching‒solvent extraction.

PubMed

Han, Baisui; Altansukh, Batnasan; Haga, Kazutoshi; Stevanović, Zoran; Jonović, Radojka; Avramović, Ljiljana; Urosević, Daniela; Takasaki, Yasushi; Masuda, Nobuyuki; Ishiyama, Daizo; Shibayama, Atsushi

2018-06-15

Sulfide copper mineral, typically Chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2 ), is one of the most common minerals for producing metallic copper via the pyrometallurgical process. Generally, flotation tailings are produced as a byproduct of flotation and still consist of un‒recovered copper. In addition, it is expected that more tailings will be produced in the coming years due to the increased exploration of low‒grade copper ores. Therefore, this research aims to develop a copper recovery process from flotation tailings using high‒pressure leaching (HPL) followed by solvent extraction. Over 94.4% copper was dissolved from the sample (CuFeS 2 as main copper mineral) by HPL in a H 2 O media in the presence of pyrite, whereas the iron was co‒dissolved with copper according to an equation given as C Cu  = 38.40 × C Fe . To avoid co‒dissolved iron giving a negative effect on the subsequent process of electrowinning, solvent extraction was conducted on the pregnant leach solution for improving copper concentration. The result showed that 91.3% copper was recovered in a stripped solution and 98.6% iron was removed under the optimal extraction conditions. As a result, 86.2% of copper was recovered from the concentrate of flotation tailings by a proposed HPL‒solvent extraction process. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Tea green leafhopper, Empoasca vitis, chooses suitable host plants by detecting the emission level of (3Z)-hexenyl acetate.

PubMed

Xin, Z-J; Li, X-W; Bian, L; Sun, X-L

2017-02-01

Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) have been reported to play an important role in the host-locating behavior of several folivores that feed on angiosperms. However, next to nothing is known about how the green leafhopper, Empoasca vitis, chooses suitable host plants and whether it detects differing emission levels of GLV components among genetically different tea varieties. Here we found that the constitutive transcript level of the tea hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) gene CsiHPL1, and the amounts of (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and of total GLV components are significantly higher in tea varieties that are susceptible to E. vitis (Enbiao (EB) and Banzhuyuan (BZY)) than in varieties that are resistant to E. vitis (Changxingzisun (CX) and Juyan (JY)). Moreover, the results of a Y-tube olfactometer bioassay and an oviposition preference assay suggest that (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and (Z)-3-hexenol offer host and oviposition cues for E. vitis female adults. Taken together, the two GLV components, (Z)-3-hexenol and especially (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, provide a plausible mechanism by which tea green leafhoppers distinguish among resistant and susceptible varieties. Future research should be carried out to obtain the threshold of the above indices and then assess their reasonableness. The development of practical detection indices would greatly improve our ability to screen and develop tea varieties that are resistant to E. vitis.

Evaluating the Efficacy of the Cloud for Cluster Computation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Knight, David; Shams, Khawaja; Chang, George; Soderstrom, Tom

2012-01-01

Computing requirements vary by industry, and it follows that NASA and other research organizations have computing demands that fall outside the mainstream. While cloud computing made rapid inroads for tasks such as powering web applications, performance issues on highly distributed tasks hindered early adoption for scientific computation. One venture to address this problem is Nebula, NASA's homegrown cloud project tasked with delivering science-quality cloud computing resources. However, another industry development is Amazon's high-performance computing (HPC) instances on Elastic Cloud Compute (EC2) that promises improved performance for cluster computation. This paper presents results from a series of benchmarks run on Amazon EC2 and discusses the efficacy of current commercial cloud technology for running scientific applications across a cluster. In particular, a 240-core cluster of cloud instances achieved 2 TFLOPS on High-Performance Linpack (HPL) at 70% of theoretical computational performance. The cluster's local network also demonstrated sub-100 ?s inter-process latency with sustained inter-node throughput in excess of 8 Gbps. Beyond HPL, a real-world Hadoop image processing task from NASA's Lunar Mapping and Modeling Project (LMMP) was run on a 29 instance cluster to process lunar and Martian surface images with sizes on the order of tens of gigapixels. These results demonstrate that while not a rival of dedicated supercomputing clusters, commercial cloud technology is now a feasible option for moderately demanding scientific workloads.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on Yongquan acupoint reduces CFA-induced thermal hyperalgesia of rats via down-regulation of ERK2 phosphorylation and c-Fos expression.

PubMed

Yang, Lin; Yang, Lianxue; Gao, Xiulai

2010-07-01

Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) and its involvement in regulating gene expression in spinal dorsal horn, cortical and subcortical neurons by peripheral noxious stimulation contribute to pain hypersensitivity. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a treatment used in physiotherapy practice to promote analgesia in acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. In this study, a total number of 114 rats were used for three experiments. Effects of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain hypersensitivity and TENS analgesia on ERK1/2 phosphorylation and c-Fos protein expression were examined by using behavioral test, Western blot, and immunostaining methods. We found that CFA injection caused an area of localized swelling, erythema, hypersensitivity to thermal stimuli, the decreased response time of hind paw licking (HPL), as well as upregulation of c-Fos protein expression and ERK2 phosphorylation in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn and the contralateral primary somatosensory area of cortex and the amygdala of rats. TENS on Yongquan acupoint for 20 min produced obvious analgesic effects as demonstrated with increased HPL to thermal stimuli of CFA-treated rats. In addition, TENS application suppressed the CFA-induced ERK2 activation and c-Fos protein expression. These results suggest that down-regulation of ERK2 phosphorylation and c-Fos expression were involved in TENS inhibition on CFA-induced thermal hyperalgesia of rats.

Effects of single oral doses of lysine clonixinate and acetylsalicylic acid on platelet functions in man.

PubMed

Pallapies, D; Muhs, A; Bertram, L; Rohleder, G; Nagyiványi, P; Peskar, B A

1996-01-01

Lysine clonixinate is an analgesic drug with a so far unknown mechanism of action. We have determined its effect on platelet cyclooxygenase in man. Biosynthesis of thromboxane (TX)B2 and prostaglandin (PG)F2 alpha in clotting whole blood ex vivo as well as collagen-induced platelet aggregation measured before and at various time points after oral administration of 125 mg lysine clonixinate were compared to results obtained with 500 mg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). While biosynthesis of both TXB2 and PGF2 alpha measured radioimmunologically was inhibited significantly 2.5 h, but not 6 h, after administration of lysine clonixinate, inhibition by ASA was much greater and still highly significant after 48 h. Similarly, collagen-induced aggregation of platelet-rich plasma was inhibited for a longer period and to a greater extent after administration of ASA than after lysine clonixinate. Our results indicate that lysine clonixinate is a cyclooxygenase inhibitor of moderate potency. It remains to be investigated whether mechanisms other than inhibition of cyclooxygenase contribute to the analgesic activity of lysine clonixinate.

[Effects of astragalus polysaccharides-chitosan/polylactic acid composite material on biological behavior of canine bone marrow stromal cells cultured in vitro].

PubMed

Xu, Chun-Jiao; Jian, Xin-Chun; Peng, Jie-Ying; Guo, Feng; Huang, Bai-Ying; Xiong, Cheng-Dong; Pan, Gao-Feng

2005-06-01

To observe the biological behavior of canine bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured in vitro with the astragalus polysaccharides-chitosan/polylactic acid (AP-C/PLA) and with the chitosan/polylactic acid (C/PLA) and to find a suitable compound material for periodontal tissue engineering. BMSCs (induced 14 days by 50 mg/L vitamine C, 10(-8) mol/L dexamethasone, 10 mmol/L beta-sodium glycerylphosphate) were cultured on AP-C/PLA or C/PLA for 5 days respectively. The BMSCs attachment and the morphology were observed with scanning electronic microscope and the combining rates were counted. Type I collagen synthesis was examined with immunohistochemistry staining and the content of osteocalin was determined with radio-immunological method. Combining rates, type I collagen synthesis, and the content of osteocalin of BMSCs on AP-C/PLA were significantly higher than those on C/PLA. AP-C/PLA may promote the BMSC proliferation, differentiation and extracellular matrix synthesis, and it can be used as a good scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.

The Substitution of IVD (Ion Vapor Deposition) Aluminum for Cadmium

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-08-01

environment, it can finu its A in( the water suHpl o- fooo chain. Also, with electroplated cadmium processing, tnere are auditional nazaros associated win...no , - r e CUr r in ( polut io n- r elIt e costs. Tne po IIut ion controlI costs for all caG;iul n processing , nclIUd ino, clpitl treatm’ient , col...H T P, H VacuumCadmium None T. O. H T. P. H Key T - Toxic materials 0 - OSHA standards imposed P - Polution control required H - Hazardous waste

An Access Etiquette for Very-Wide Wireless Bands

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-01-01

the MWCWG to the FCC,” http://www-uk.hpl.hp.com/projects/funfair/public/default.html, December 13, 1996. [7] I. Vukovic and J . McKown, “Spectrum...a frame in the control channel. D E Fř$ G H5I465: J KA In general, the etiquette described in this paper can be defined as a...slots of a channel- control period are echo slots used to provide feedback. DRST " ;"U V "WYX" J ;"@Z5: Let C be the number of data channels

[The application of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation under immobilization stress conditions (an experimental study)].

PubMed

Korolev, Iu N; Bobrovnitskiĭ, I P; Nikoulina, L A; Mikhaĭlik, L V; Geniatulina, M S; Bobkova, A S

2014-01-01

The experiments carried out on outbred male white rats with the use of optical, electron-microscopic, biochemical, and radioimmunological methods have demonstrated that the application of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation (LI-EMR) with a flow density of 1 mcW/cm2 and a frequency of around 1,000 MHz both in the primary prophylaxis regime and as the therapeuticpreventive modality arrested the development of post-stress disorders in the rat testicles, liver, and thymus; moreover, it promoted activation of the adaptive, preventive, and compensatory processes. The data obtained provide a rationale for the application of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation to protect the organism from negative effects of stressful factors.

Placental hormones, nutrition, and fetal development.

PubMed

Mulay, S; Browne, C A; Varma, D R; Solomon, S

1980-02-01

Fetal growth retardation due to maternal malnutrition is widespread especially in the Third World. Little is known about the mechanisms that regulate the growth of the fetus and placenta during protein malnutrition. It is known that the placental size and levels of circulating placental hormones such as human chorionic gonadotrophins (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL), and estrogens are affected by the nutritional status of the mother. There is suggestive evidence that during malnutrition, hPL may increase lipolysis and exert a glucose sparing effect in the mother, thereby promoting glucose availability to the fetus. We have studied the influence of dietary protein deficiency on the binding of dexamethasone to the specific cytosol receptors in adult and fetal tissues. A low protein diet in adult male rats is associated with a decrease in dexamethasone binding to liver cytosol receptors. On the other hand, protein deprivation in pregnant female rats leads to an increase in dexamethasone binding to liver cytosol receptors of both the mother and fetus. However, the influences of maternal protein deprivation on dexamethasone receptors in the fetal liver and lungs are not similar. At 21 days gestation the binding of dexamethasone to fetal lung receptors of protein-deficient mothers is lower than that in the controls. These differences at a critical time in the fetal lung development indicate that a fall in receptors for dexamethasone may lead to impaired phospholipid synthesis in fetuses of protein-deficient mothers and point to the importance of nutritional factors in the biochemistry of fetal development.

An ultraviolet spectrophotometric assay for the screening of sn-2-specific lipases using 1,3-O-dioleoyl-2-O-α-eleostearoyl-sn-glycerol as substrate

PubMed Central

Mendoza, Lilia D.; Rodriguez, Jorge A.; Leclaire, Julien; Buono, Gerard; Fotiadu, Frédéric; Carrière, Frédéric; Abousalham, Abdelkarim

2012-01-01

In the present study, we propose a continuous assay for the screening of sn-2 lipases by using triacylglycerols (TAGs) from Aleurites fordii seed (tung oil) and a synthetic TAG containing the α-eleostearic acid at the sn-2 position and the oleic acid (OA) at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions [1,3-O-dioleoyl-2-O-α-eleostearoyl-sn-glycerol (sn-OEO)]. Each TAG was coated into a microplate well, and the lipase activity was measured by optical density increase at 272 nm due to transition of α-eleostearic acid from the adsorbed to the soluble state. The sn-1,3-regioselective lipases human pancreatic lipase (HPL), LIP2 lipase from Yarrowia lipolytica (YLLIP2), and a known sn-2 lipase, Candida antarctica lipase A (CALA) were used to validate this method. TLC analysis of lipolysis products showed that the lipases tested were able to hydrolyze the sn-OEO and the tung oil TAGs, but only CALA hydrolyzed the sn-2 position. The ratio of initial velocities on sn-OEO and tung oil TAGs was used to estimate the sn-2 preference of lipases. CALA was the enzyme with the highest ratio (0.22 ± 0.015), whereas HPL and YLLIP2 showed much lower ratios (0.072 ± 0.026 and 0.038 ± 0.016, respectively). This continuous sn-2 lipase assay is compatible with a high sample throughput and thus can be applied to the screening of sn-2 lipases. PMID:22114038

HPGMG 1.0: A Benchmark for Ranking High Performance Computing Systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Adams, Mark; Brown, Jed; Shalf, John

2014-05-05

This document provides an overview of the benchmark ? HPGMG ? for ranking large scale general purpose computers for use on the Top500 list [8]. We provide a rationale for the need for a replacement for the current metric HPL, some background of the Top500 list and the challenges of developing such a metric; we discuss our design philosophy and methodology, and an overview of the specification of the benchmark. The primary documentation with maintained details on the specification can be found at hpgmg.org and the Wiki and benchmark code itself can be found in the repository https://bitbucket.org/hpgmg/hpgmg.

[Clinical study on the postburn change in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal hormones in severely burned patients].

PubMed

Li, Hong-mian; Liang, Zi-qian; Luo, Zuo-jie

2003-06-01

To investigate the postburn dynamic changes in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal hormones in severely burned patients. Fifty burn patients were enrolled in the study. The plasma contents of total GC (cortisol), ACTH and aldosterone (ALDO) and urinary contents of 17-OHO and 17-KS were determined with radio-immunological assay (RIA) method after burn injury to compare with the normal values which were well established clinically. The postburn plasma and urinary contents of the above indices were increased evidently with two peak values in shock and infectious stages, whilst the majority of he indices were lower than the normal values after 6 postburn weeks (PBWs). The values of these hormones were the lowest in dying patients. On the other hand, the values approached normal levels in those patients whose burn wounds were healing. Increases of the plasma and urinary levels of hypothalamus-pituitary -adrenal hormones in severely burned patients were constantly seen. Burn shock and infection seemed to be the two major factors in inducing postburn stress reaction in burn victims. Abrupt decrease of the hormone levels in plasma and or urine indicated adrenal failure predicting a poor prognosis of the burn patients.

The occurrence of antibodies against single-stranded DNA in the sera of patients with acute and chronic leukaemia.

PubMed Central

Izui, S; Lambert, P H; Carpentier, N; Miescher, P A

1976-01-01

One hundred and seventy-five sera from thirty-three patients with acute myeloid leukaemia, forty-two patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia and twelve patients with acute lymphatic leukaemia were examined by a radioimmunological technique for the presence of antibodies against single-stranded and double-stranded DNA. The levels of single-stranded DNA binding activity was significantly higher in all three types of leukaemia compared to those of healthy controls. In contrast, none of these sera exhibited a positive reaction with double-stranded DNA. In some cases the level of serum anti-DNA antibodies increased after the decrease of the leucocyte count. The presence of anti-DNA antibodies in leukaemic patients may have some biological significance. PMID:780020

Human pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 is a galactolipase.

PubMed

Sias, Barbara; Ferrato, Francine; Grandval, Philippe; Lafont, Dominique; Boullanger, Paul; De Caro, Alain; Leboeuf, Bernard; Verger, Robert; Carrière, Frédéric

2004-08-10

Human pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 (HPLRP2) was found to be expressed in the pancreas, but its biochemical properties were not investigated in detail. A recombinant HPLRP2 was produced in insect cells and the yeast Pichia pastoris and purified by cation exchange chromatography. Its substrate specificity was investigated using pH-stat and monomolecular film techniques and various lipid substrates (triglycerides, diglycerides, phospholipids, and galactolipids). Lipase activity of HPLRP2 on trioctanoin was inhibited by bile salts and poorly restored by adding colipase. In vivo, HPLRP2 therefore seems unlikely to show any lipase activity on dietary fat. In human pancreatic lipase (HPL), residues R256, D257, Y267, and K268 are involved in the stabilization of the open conformation of the lid domain, which interacts with colipase. These residues are not conserved in HPLRP2. When the corresponding mutations (R256G, D257G, Y267F, and K268E) are introduced into HPL, the effects of colipase are drastically reduced in the presence of bile salts. This may explain why colipase has such weak effects on HPLRP2. HPLRP2 displayed a very low level of activity on phospholipid micelles and monomolecular films. Its activity on monogalactosyldiglyceride monomolecular film, which was much higher, was similar to the activity of guinea pig pancreatic lipase related-protein 2, which shows the highest galactolipase activity ever measured. The physiological role of HPLRP2 suggested by the present results is the digestion of galactolipids, the most abundant lipids occurring in plant cells, and therefore, in the vegetables that are part of the human diet.

Industrial laser welding evaluation study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hella, R.; Locke, E.; Ream, S.

1974-01-01

High power laser welding was evaluated for fabricating space vehicle boosters. This evaluation was made for 1/4 in. and 1/2 in. aluminum (2219) and 1/4 in. and 1/2 in. D6AC steel. The Avco HPL 10 kW industrial laser was used to perform the evaluation. The objective has been achieved through the completion of the following technical tasks: (1) parameter study to optimize welding and material parameters; (2) preparation of welded panels for MSFC evaluation; and (3) demonstration of the repeatability of laser welding equipment. In addition, the design concept for a laser welding system capable of welding large space vehicle boosters has been developed.

Prostaglandin E2 to diagnose between reversible and irreversible pulpitis.

PubMed

Petrini, M; Ferrante, M; Ciavarelli, L; Brunetti, L; Vacca, M; Spoto, G

2012-01-01

The aim of this work is to verify a correlation between the grade of inflammation and the concentration of PGE2 in human dental pulp. A total of 25 human dental pulps were examined by histological analysis and radioimmunologic dosage of PGE2. The pulps used in this experiment were from healthy and symptomatic teeth; the first ones were collected from teeth destined to be extracted for orthodontic reasons. An increase was observed of PGE2 in reversible pulpitis compared with healthy pulps and with the irreversible pulpitis and the clear decrease of these when NSAIDs are taken. This study demonstrates that PGE2 level is correlated to histological analysis thus allowing to distinguish symptomatic teeth in reversible and irreversible pulpitis.

Near-field deformation of a liquid interface by atomic force microscopy.

PubMed

Mortagne, C; Chireux, V; Ledesma-Alonso, R; Ogier, M; Risso, F; Ondarçuhu, T; Legendre, D; Tordjeman, Ph

2017-07-01

We experiment the interaction between a liquid puddle and a spherical probe by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) for a probe radius R ranging from 10 nm to 30 μm. We have developed a new experimental setup by coupling an AFM with a high-speed camera and an inverted optical microscope. Interaction force-distance curves (in contact mode) and frequency shift-distance curves (in frequency modulation mode) are measured for different bulk model liquids for which the probe-liquid Hamaker constant H_{pl} is known. The experimental results, analyzed in the frame of the theoretical model developed in Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 106104 (2012)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.108.106104 and Phys. Rev. E 85, 061602 (2012)PLEEE81539-375510.1103/PhysRevE.85.061602, allow to determine the "jump-to-contact" critical distance d_{min} below which the liquid jumps and wets the probe. Comparison between theory and experiments shows that the probe-liquid interaction at nanoscale is controlled by the liquid interface deformation. This work shows a very good agreement between the theoretical model and the experiments and paves the way to experimental studies of liquids at the nanoscale.

H3K9me2/3 Binding of the MBT Domain Protein LIN-61 Is Essential for Caenorhabditis elegans Vulva Development

PubMed Central

Koester-Eiserfunke, Nora; Fischle, Wolfgang

2011-01-01

MBT domain proteins are involved in developmental processes and tumorigenesis. In vitro binding and mutagenesis studies have shown that individual MBT domains within clustered MBT repeat regions bind mono- and dimethylated histone lysine residues with little to no sequence specificity but discriminate against the tri- and unmethylated states. However, the exact function of promiscuous histone methyl-lysine binding in the biology of MBT domain proteins has not been elucidated. Here, we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans four MBT domain protein LIN-61, in contrast to other MBT repeat factors, specifically interacts with histone H3 when methylated on lysine 9, displaying a strong preference for di- and trimethylated states (H3K9me2/3). Although the fourth MBT repeat is implicated in this interaction, H3K9me2/3 binding minimally requires MBT repeats two to four. Further, mutagenesis of residues conserved with other methyl-lysine binding MBT regions in the fourth MBT repeat does not abolish interaction, implicating a distinct binding mode. In vivo, H3K9me2/3 interaction of LIN-61 is required for C. elegans vulva development within the synMuvB pathway. Mutant LIN-61 proteins deficient in H3K9me2/3 binding fail to rescue lin-61 synMuvB function. Also, previously identified point mutant synMuvB alleles are deficient in H3K9me2/3 interaction although these target residues that are outside of the fourth MBT repeat. Interestingly, lin-61 genetically interacts with two other synMuvB genes, hpl-2, an HP1 homologous H3K9me2/3 binding factor, and met-2, a SETDB1 homologous H3K9 methyl transferase (H3K9MT), in determining C. elegans vulva development and fertility. Besides identifying the first sequence specific and di-/trimethylation binding MBT domain protein, our studies imply complex multi-domain regulation of ligand interaction of MBT domains. Our results also introduce a mechanistic link between LIN-61 function and biology, and they establish interplay of the H3K9me2

Descriptive Analysis of In Vitro Cutting of Swine Mitral Cusps: Comparison of High-Power Laser and Scalpel Blade Cutting Techniques.

PubMed

Pinto, Nathali Cordeiro; Pomerantzeff, Pablo Maria Alberto; Deana, Alessandro; Zezell, Denise; Benetti, Carolina; Aiello, Vera Demarchi; Lopes, Luciana Almeida; Jatene, Fabio Biscegli; Chavantes, M Cristina

2017-02-01

The most common injury to the heart valve with rheumatic involvement is mitral stenosis, which is the reason for a big number of cardiac operations in Brazil. Commissurotomy is the traditional technique that is still widely used for this condition, although late postoperative restenosis is concerning. This study's purpose was to compare the histological findings of porcine cusp mitral valves treated in vitro with commissurotomy with a scalpel blade to those treated with high-power laser (HPL) cutting, using appropriate staining techniques. Five mitral valves from healthy swine were randomly divided into two groups: Cusp group (G1), cut with a scalpel blade (n = 5), and Cusp group (G2), cut with a laser (n = 5). G2 cusps were treated using a diode laser (λ = 980 nm, power = 9.0 W, time = 12 sec, irradiance = 5625 W/cm 2 , and energy = 108 J). In G1, no histological change was observed in tissue. A hyaline basophilic aspect was focally observed in G2, along with a dark red color on the edges and areas of lower birefringence, when stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome, and Sirius red. Further, the mean distances from the cutting edge in cusps submitted to laser application and stained with Masson's trichrome and Sirius red were 416.7 and 778.6 μm, respectively, never overcoming 1 mm in length. Thermal changes were unique in the group submitted to HPL and not observed in the cusp group cut with a scalpel blade. The mean distance of the cusps' collagen injury from the cutting edge was less than 1 mm with laser treatment. Additional studies are needed to establish the histological evolution of the laser cutting and to answer whether laser cutting may avoid valvular restenosis better than blade cutting.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid, a potential tumor suppressor for small airway-derived lung adenocarcinoma.

PubMed

Schuller, Hildegard M; Al-Wadei, Hussein A N; Majidi, Mourad

2008-10-01

Pulmonary adenocarcinoma (PAC) is the leading type of lung cancer in smokers and non-smokers that arises in most cases from small airway epithelial cells. PAC has a high mortality due to its aggressive behavior and resistance to cancer therapeutics. We have shown previously that the proliferation of human PAC cells NCI-H322 and immortalized human small airway epithelial cells HPL1D is stimulated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A-dependent phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding (CREB) protein and transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor and that this pathway is activated by beta-1-adrenoreceptors (beta(1)-ARs) and the non-genomic estrogen receptor beta. Our current in vitro studies with HPL1D and NCI-H322 cells showed that signaling via the gamma-amino butyric acid receptor (GABA(B)R) strongly inhibited base level and isoproterenol-induced cAMP, p-CREB, cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-luciferase activity and p-extracellular regulated kinase-1 (ERK1)/2 and effectively blocked DNA synthesis and cell migration. The inhibitory effects of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) were disinhibited by the GABA(B)R antagonist CGP-35348 or GABA(B)R knockdown. Immunohistochemical investigation of hamster lungs showed significant underexpression of GABA in animals with small airway-derived PACs induced by the nicotine-derived carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). These findings suggest that GABA may have tumor suppressor function in small airway epithelia and the PACs derived from them and that downregulation of GABA by NNK may contribute to the development of this cancer in smokers. Our findings suggest that marker-guided treatment with GABA or a GABA(B)R agonist of individuals with downregulated pulmonary GABA may provide a novel targeted approach for the prevention of PAC in smokers.

Double function hydroperoxide lyases/epoxyalcohol synthases (CYP74C) of higher plants: identification and conversion into allene oxide synthases by site-directed mutagenesis.

PubMed

Toporkova, Yana Y; Gorina, Svetlana S; Bessolitsyna, Elena K; Smirnova, Elena O; Fatykhova, Valeria S; Brühlmann, Fredi; Ilyina, Tatiana M; Mukhtarova, Lucia S; Grechkin, Alexander N

2018-04-01

The CYP74C subfamily of fatty acid hydroperoxide transforming enzymes includes hydroperoxide lyases (HPLs) and allene oxide synthases (AOSs). This work reports a new facet of the putative CYP74C HPLs. Initially, we found that the recombinant CYP74C13_MT (Medicago truncatula) behaved predominantly as the epoxyalcohol synthase (EAS) towards the 9(S)-hydroperoxide of linoleic acid. At the same time, the CYP74C13_MT mostly possessed the HPL activity towards the 13(S)-hydroperoxides of linoleic and α-linolenic acids. To verify whether this dualistic behaviour of CYP74C13_MT is occasional or typical, we also examined five similar putative HPLs (CYP74C). These were CYP74C4_ST (Solanum tuberosum), CYP74C2 (Cucumis melo), CYP74C1_CS and CYP74C31 (both of Cucumis sativus), and CYP74C13_GM (Glycine max). All tested enzymes behaved predominantly as EAS toward 9-hydroperoxide of linoleic acid. Oxiranyl carbinols such as (9S,10S,11S,12Z)-9,10-epoxy-11-hydroxy-12-octadecenoic acids were the major EAS products. Besides, the CYP74C31 possessed an additional minor 9-AOS activity. The mutant forms of CYP74C13_MT, CYP74C1_CS, and CYP74C31 with substitutions at the catalytically essential domains, namely the "hydroperoxide-binding domain" (I-helix), or the SRS-1 domain near the N-terminus, showed strong AOS activity. These HPLs to AOSs conversions were observed for the first time. Until now a large part of CYP74C enzymes has been considered as 9/13-HPLs. Notwithstanding, these results show that all studied putative CYP74C HPLs are in fact the versatile HPL/EASs that can be effortlessly mutated into specific AOSs. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Leaf Volatile Compounds and Associated Gene Expression during Short-Term Nitrogen Deficient Treatments in Cucumis Seedlings

PubMed Central

Deng, Jie; Yu, Hong-Jun; Li, Yun-Yun; Zhang, Xiao-Meng; Liu, Peng; Li, Qiang; Jiang, Wei-Jie

2016-01-01

Nitrogen (N) is an important macronutrient for plant growth and development, but the regulatory mechanism of volatile compounds in response to N deficiency is not well understood, especially in cucumber, which consumes excessive N during growth. In this study, the major volatile compounds from cucumber leaves subjected to N deficiency were analyzed by GC-MS. A total of 24 volatile components were identified including 15 aldehydes, two ketones, two alkenes, and five other volatile compounds in 9930 leaves. Principal component analysis using volatile compounds from cucumber leaves provided good separation between N-sufficient and N-deficient treatments. The main volatiles in cucumber leaves were found to be C6 and C9 aldehydes, especially (E)-2-hexanal and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal. (E)-2-hexanal belonged to the C6 aldehyde and was the most abundant compound, whereas (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal was the chief component of C9 aldehydes. During N-deficient treatment, short-chain volatile content was significantly improved at 5 day, other volatiles displayed significant reduction or no significantly changes in all sampling points. Improvement of short-chain volatiles was confirmed in the six other inbred lines at 5 day after N-deficient treatments. The expression analysis of 12 cucumber LOX genes and two HPL genes revealed that CsLOX19, CsLOX20, and CsLOX22 had common up-regulated expression patterns in response to N-deficient stress in most inbred lines; meanwhile, most sample points of CsHPL1 also had significant up-regulated expression patterns. This research focused on the relationship between volatiles in cucumber and different nitrogen environments to provide valuable insight into the effect of cultivation and management of the quality of cucumber and contributes to further research on volatile metabolism in cucumber. PMID:27827841

Intercomparison of Groundwater Flow Monitoring Technologies at Site OU 1, Former Fort Ord, California

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Daley, P F; Jantos, J; Pedler, W H

2005-09-20

This report presents an intercomparison of three groundwater flow monitoring technologies at a trichloroethylene (TCE) groundwater plume at Operational Unit 1 (OU 1) adjacent to the former Fritzsche Army Airfield at the former Fort Ord Army Base, located on Monterey Bay in northern Monterey County, California. Soil and groundwater at this site became contaminated by fuels and solvents that were burned on a portion of OU 1 called the Fire Drill Area (FDA) as part of firefighter training from 1962 and 1985. Cont Contamination is believed to be restricted to the unconfined A-aquifer, where water is reached at a depthmore » of approximately 60 to 80 feet below the ground surface; the aquifer is from 15 to 20 feet in thickness, and is bounded below by a dense clay layer, the Salinas Valley Aquitard. Soil excavation and bioremediation were initiated at the site of fire training activities in the late 1980s. Since that time a pump-and-treat operation has been operated close to the original area of contamination, and this system has been largely successful at reducing groundwater contamination in this source area. However, a trichloroethylene (TCE) groundwater plume extends approximately 3000 ft (900 m) to the northwest away from the FDA. In this report, we have augmented flow monitoring equipment permanently installed in an earlier project (Oldenburg et al., 2002) with two additional flow monitoring devices that could be deployed in existing monitoring wells, in an effort to better understand their performance in a nearly ideal, homogeneous sand aquifer, that we expected would exhibit laminar groundwater flow owing to the site's relatively simple hydrogeology. The three flow monitoring tools were the Hydrotechnics{reg_sign} In In-Situ Permeable Flow Sensor (ISPFS), the RAS Integrated Subsurface Evaluation Hydrophysical Logging tool (HPL), and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Scanning Colloidal Borescope Flow Meter (SCBFM). All three devices produce groundwater

Homocysteine as a Diagnostic and Etiopathogenic Factor in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

PubMed

Józefczuk, Jan; Kasprzycka, Wiktoria; Czarnecki, Rafał; Graczyk, Alfreda; Józefczuk, Paweł; Magda, Krzysztof; Lampart, Urszula

2017-08-01

Substantial characteristics of autism are cognitive and psychophysical disorders. Etiopathogenetic factors are thought to be responsible for development of autism in children with genetic predisposition as well as have their effect on the severity of the disorders. The main problem of early identification of patients affected by autism spectrum disorder is that there are no clear diagnostic criteria. The aim of our study was assessment of hair magnesium and serum homocysteine concentrations in children with autism. The presented work is a continuation of previous study in which we investigated the influence of disturbances in magnesium and homocysteine levels in children with autism, performed on a new, larger group of patients. One hundred and forty children had hair magnesium levels analyzed, as well as blood serum levels of homocysteine and magnesium. Hair magnesium analysis was performed using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer, blood serum homocysteine determination was performed using a radioimmunological method, and blood serum magnesium level was determined using a biochemical method. Our research showed normal magnesium blood levels and significantly high homocysteine levels and very low hair magnesium levels. Low concentration of hair magnesium progresses with age. Our hypothesis is that magnesium deficiency, as a relevant epigenetic factor, might be decreasing methylation of homocysteine, therefore decreasing genome transcription and lowering the synaptic plasticity. We suggest that analysis of hair magnesium and serum homocysteine levels might be useful in identification of children with autism spectrum disorder, as well as control of its treatment. Obtained results and performed analysis might therefore justify supplementation of magnesium among children with autism.

Stochastic determination of matrix determinants

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dorn, Sebastian; Enßlin, Torsten A.

2015-07-01

Matrix determinants play an important role in data analysis, in particular when Gaussian processes are involved. Due to currently exploding data volumes, linear operations—matrices—acting on the data are often not accessible directly but are only represented indirectly in form of a computer routine. Such a routine implements the transformation a data vector undergoes under matrix multiplication. While efficient probing routines to estimate a matrix's diagonal or trace, based solely on such computationally affordable matrix-vector multiplications, are well known and frequently used in signal inference, there is no stochastic estimate for its determinant. We introduce a probing method for the logarithm of a determinant of a linear operator. Our method rests upon a reformulation of the log-determinant by an integral representation and the transformation of the involved terms into stochastic expressions. This stochastic determinant determination enables large-size applications in Bayesian inference, in particular evidence calculations, model comparison, and posterior determination.

Stochastic determination of matrix determinants.

PubMed

Dorn, Sebastian; Ensslin, Torsten A

2015-07-01

Matrix determinants play an important role in data analysis, in particular when Gaussian processes are involved. Due to currently exploding data volumes, linear operations-matrices-acting on the data are often not accessible directly but are only represented indirectly in form of a computer routine. Such a routine implements the transformation a data vector undergoes under matrix multiplication. While efficient probing routines to estimate a matrix's diagonal or trace, based solely on such computationally affordable matrix-vector multiplications, are well known and frequently used in signal inference, there is no stochastic estimate for its determinant. We introduce a probing method for the logarithm of a determinant of a linear operator. Our method rests upon a reformulation of the log-determinant by an integral representation and the transformation of the involved terms into stochastic expressions. This stochastic determinant determination enables large-size applications in Bayesian inference, in particular evidence calculations, model comparison, and posterior determination.

Optimized human platelet lysate as novel basis for a serum-, xeno-, and additive-free corneal endothelial cell and tissue culture.

PubMed

Thieme, Daniel; Reuland, Lynn; Lindl, Toni; Kruse, Friedrich; Fuchsluger, Thomas

2018-02-01

The expansion of donor-derived corneal endothelial cells (ECs) is a promising approach for regenerative therapies in corneal diseases. To achieve the best Good Manufacturing Practice standard the entire cultivation process should be devoid of nonhuman components. However, so far, there is no suitable xeno-free protocol for clinical applications. We therefore introduce a processed variant of a platelet lysate for the use in corneal cell and tissue culture based on a Good Manufacturing Practice-grade thrombocyte concentrate. This processed human platelet lysate (phPL), free of any animal components and of anticoagulants such as heparin with a physiological ionic composition, was used to cultivate corneal ECs in vitro and ex vivo in comparison to standard cultivation with fetal calf serum (FCS). Human donor corneas were cut in quarters while 2 quarters of each cornea were incubated with the respective medium supplement. Three fields of view per quarter were taken into account for the analysis. Evaluation of phPL as a medium supplement in cell culture of immortalized EC showed a superior viability compared with FCS control with reduced cell proliferation. Furthermore, the viability during the expansion of primary cells is significantly (3-fold ±0.5) increased with phPL compared with FCS standard medium. Quartering donor corneas was traumatic for the endothelium and therefore resulted in increased EC loss. Interestingly, however, cultivation of the quartered pieces for 2 weeks in 0.1-mg/ml pHPL in Biochrome I showed a 21 (±10) % EC loss compared with 67 (±12) % EC loss when cultivated in 2% FCS in Biochrome I. The cell culture protocol with pHPL as FCS replacement seems to be superior to the standard FCS protocols with respect to EC survival. It offers a xeno-free and physiological environment for corneal endothelial cells. This alternative cultivation protocol could facilitate the use of EC for human corneal cell therapy. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Distinct Roles of Jasmonates and Aldehydes in Plant-Defense Responses

PubMed Central

Chehab, E. Wassim; Kaspi, Roy; Savchenko, Tatyana; Rowe, Heather; Negre-Zakharov, Florence; Kliebenstein, Dan; Dehesh, Katayoon

2008-01-01

Background Many inducible plant-defense responses are activated by jasmonates (JAs), C6-aldehydes, and their corresponding derivatives, produced by the two main competing branches of the oxylipin pathway, the allene oxide synthase (AOS) and hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) branches, respectively. In addition to competition for substrates, these branch-pathway-derived metabolites have substantial overlap in regulation of gene expression. Past experiments to define the role of C6-aldehydes in plant defense responses were biased towards the exogenous application of the synthetic metabolites or the use of genetic manipulation of HPL expression levels in plant genotypes with intact ability to produce the competing AOS-derived metabolites. To uncouple the roles of the C6-aldehydes and jasmonates in mediating direct and indirect plant-defense responses, we generated Arabidopsis genotypes lacking either one or both of these metabolites. These genotypes were subsequently challenged with a phloem-feeding insect (aphids: Myzus persicae), an insect herbivore (leafminers: Liriomyza trifolii), and two different necrotrophic fungal pathogens (Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria brassicicola). We also characterized the volatiles emitted by these plants upon aphid infestation or mechanical wounding and identified hexenyl acetate as the predominant compound in these volatile blends. Subsequently, we examined the signaling role of this compound in attracting the parasitoid wasp (Aphidius colemani), a natural enemy of aphids. Principal Findings This study conclusively establishes that jasmonates and C6-aldehydes play distinct roles in plant defense responses. The jasmonates are indispensable metabolites in mediating the activation of direct plant-defense responses, whereas the C6-aldehyes are not. On the other hand, hexenyl acetate, an acetylated C6-aldehyde, is the predominant wound-inducible volatile signal that mediates indirect defense responses by directing tritrophic (plant

The effect of shift rotation on variations of cortisol, fatigue and sleep in sound engineers.

PubMed

Vangelova, Katia

2008-10-01

The aim was to study the effect of rotation direction on the time-of-day variations of cortisol, fatigue and sleep in sound engineers broadcasting in a life show. The salivary cortisol and ratings of stress, sleepiness and fatigue were followed at three hour intervals in 25 sound engineers: 13 working very fast forward-rotating shifts and 12 working very fast backward-rotating shifts. Cortisol was assessed with radioimmunological kits. The participants reported for stress symptoms and filled sleep diary. Cortisol retained the typical diurnal pattern. The rotation direction interacted with the shift significantly and as a result higher cortisol values during the morning and night shifts in the backward rotating group were found as well as worse quality of sleep. Higher salivary cortisol during morning and night shifts and worse quality of sleep in engineers working very fast backward-rotating shifts may be an indication for insufficient recovery.

Human placental lactogen and color Doppler in predicting expulsion of retained adherent placenta: a new clinical observation.

PubMed

Zepiridis, L; Zafrakas, M; Theodoridis, T D; Assimakopoulos, E; Tzevelekis, P; Athanatos, D; Bontis, J N; Tarlatzis, B C

2009-12-01

To present a new clinical observation made in three cases of retained adherent placenta, a rare obstetrical complication, associated with potentially life-threatening hemorrhage. Three consecutive cases of retained adherent placenta are presented. Diagnosis of placenta increta in two and placenta percreta in one case was established with ultrasound and MRI. Methotrexate 50 mg i.v. (300 mg total dose) and follinic acid 0.1 mg/kg were administered on alternating days, over 12 days. On follow-up, placental perfusion on color Doppler was present up to the point when circulating hPL levels were no longer detectable; this was followed in all cases by spontaneous placental expulsion within 10 days. The observation that both color Doppler and human placental lactogen can be used to monitor response to therapy and predict placental expulsion should be evaluated in future cases of retained adherent placenta.

Colorless chlorophyll catabolites in senescent florets of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica).

PubMed

Roiser, Matthias H; Müller, Thomas; Kräutler, Bernhard

2015-02-11

Typical postharvest storage of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) causes degreening of this common vegetable with visible loss of chlorophyll (Chl). As shown here, colorless Chl-catabolites are generated. In fresh extracts of degreening florets of broccoli, three colorless tetrapyrrolic Chl-catabolites accumulated and were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC): two "nonfluorescent" Chl-catabolites (NCCs), provisionally named Bo-NCC-1 and Bo-NCC-2, and a colorless 1,19-dioxobilin-type "nonfluorescent" Chl-catabolite (DNCC), named Bo-DNCC. Analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry of these three linear tetrapyrroles revealed their structures. In combination with a comparison of their HPL-chromatographic properties, this allowed their identification with three known catabolites from two other brassicacea, namely two NCCs from oil seed rape (Brassica napus) and a DNCC from degreened leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana.

Colorless Chlorophyll Catabolites in Senescent Florets of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

Typical postharvest storage of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) causes degreening of this common vegetable with visible loss of chlorophyll (Chl). As shown here, colorless Chl-catabolites are generated. In fresh extracts of degreening florets of broccoli, three colorless tetrapyrrolic Chl-catabolites accumulated and were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC): two “nonfluorescent” Chl-catabolites (NCCs), provisionally named Bo-NCC-1 and Bo-NCC-2, and a colorless 1,19-dioxobilin-type “nonfluorescent” Chl-catabolite (DNCC), named Bo-DNCC. Analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry of these three linear tetrapyrroles revealed their structures. In combination with a comparison of their HPL-chromatographic properties, this allowed their identification with three known catabolites from two other brassicacea, namely two NCCs from oil seed rape (Brassica napus) and a DNCC from degreened leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana. PMID:25620234

[The combined action of drinking mineral water and low-intensity electromagnetic radiation under the immobilization stress conditions (an experimental study)].

PubMed

Korolev, Yu N; Bobrovnitsky, I P; Geniatulina, M S; Mikhailik, L V; Nikulina, L A; Bobkova, A S; Yakovlev, M Yu

2015-01-01

The present study carried out on white male rats in experiments with the use of biochemical, radioimmunological, and electron- microscopic methods. It was shown that the combined treatment with potable mineral water (MV) and low-intensity electromagnetic radiation (LIEMR) of ultrahigh frequency (power density less than 1 pW/cm2, the frequency about 1000 MHz) facilitated the activation of metabolic and intracellular regenerative processes in the liver and testes. One of the advantages of the combined application of MV and LIEMR over the single-factor treatment manifested itself as the weakening of stress reactions, the increase in the frequency of the plastic processes, and the more harmonious development of different forms of intracellular regeneration. The results of the study provide a deeper insight ino the mechanisms underlying the combined actions of drinking mineral water and low-intensity electromagnetic radiation; also, they justify the application of these factors for the protection of the reproductive system and the entire body from stress-induced disorders.

Distribution and molecular heterogeneity of galanin in human, pig, guinea pig, and rat gastrointestinal tracts.

PubMed

Bauer, F E; Adrian, T E; Christofides, N D; Ferri, G L; Yanaihara, N; Polak, J M; Bloom, S R

1986-10-01

Galanin was measured by radioimmunoassay in whole thickness extracts of the gastrointestinal wall from four species and in extracts from separate layers of human small intestine. The immunoreactivity was characterized using gel chromatography and high-pressure liquid chromatography. Two antibodies were employed, which were characterized as non-C-terminal (Gal 8) and C-terminal (Gal 9) using a C-terminal galanin 10-29 fragment. Substantial quantities of galanin immunoreactivity were found, mainly localized at the muscle layer. Both intramolecular and intermolecular heterogeneity was apparent. Two molecular forms exist in humans (Kav 0.58, 0.69). The molecular heterogeneity in humans, rats, and guinea pigs may be localized near the C-terminus of the galanin molecule. A C-terminal extension of one human galanin form is likely (Kav 0.58). These findings give radioimmunologic evidence for a neurocrine origin of galanin. The chromatographic variations suggest that extrapolation of experimental results between species should be treated with caution.

Lipolysis of the semi-solid self-emulsifying excipient Gelucire 44/14 by digestive lipases.

PubMed

Fernandez, Sylvie; Rodier, Jean-David; Ritter, Nicolas; Mahler, Bruno; Demarne, Frédéric; Carrière, Frédéric; Jannin, Vincent

2008-08-01

Gelucire 44/14 is a semi-solid self-emulsifying excipient used for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. It is composed of C8-C18 acylglycerols and PEG-32 esters, all of which are potential substrates for digestive lipases. Here we studied the lipolysis of Gelucire 44/14 by porcine pancreatic extracts, human pancreatic juice and several purified digestive lipases. Human pancreatic lipase (HPL), the main lipase involved in the digestion of triacylglycerols, did not show any significant activity on Gelucire 44/14 or on either of its individual compounds, C8-C18 acylglycerols and PEG-32 esters. Other pancreatic lipases such as human pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 (HPLRP2) showed low activity on Gelucire 44/14 although the highest activity of HPLRP2 was that observed on the C8-C18 acylglycerol fraction, which accounts for 20% (w/w) of Gelucire 44/14. In addition, HPLRP2 showed low activities on the PEG-32 esters, whether these were tested individually or mixed together. Carboxyl ester hydrolase (CEH) showed high activity on Gelucire 44/14, and the highest activities of CEH were those recorded on the total PEG-32 ester fraction and on each individual PEG-32 ester, except for PEG-32 monostearate. The highest activity of all the enzymes tested was that of dog gastric lipase (DGL) on Gelucire 44/14, although DGL showed low activity on the PEG-32 ester fraction and on each individual PEG-32 ester. We compared the lipolysis of Gelucire 44/14 with that of Labrasol, another self-emulsifying excipient, which is liquid at room temperature. Human pancreatic juice showed similar rates of activity on both Gelucire 44/14 and Labrasol. This finding means that these excipients are hydrolyzed in vivo during pancreatic digestion, mainly by CEH in the case of Gelucire 44/14 and by both HPLRP2 and CEH in that of Labrasol, whereas HPL showed very low activities on each of these two excipients. This is the first time the effects of PEG and acyl chain length on the lipolytic

Management of the pregnant, insulin-dependent diabetic woman.

PubMed

Jovanovic, L; Peterson, C M

1980-01-01

An intensive care program was offered to all insulin-dependent, pregnant diabetic women who presented to The New York Hospital Obstetrical Clinic in their eighth week or less of gestation. The patients were hospitalized for 1 wk to normalize their blood glucose and to teach the technique of self-monitored glucose determination, diet and exchange lists, and the method to titrate insulin according to the blood glucose determination. The mean blood glucose for the first 10 patients accepted to the program was 169 mg/dl at the start of the program with a mean hemoglobin A1c of 9.4% for the group (normal < 5.5%) and glucosuria up to 50 g/24 h. After discharge, mean glucose was 91 mg/dl, and urinary glucose excretion was 1.4 g/24 h. HbA1c fell into the normal range 5 wk after normoglycemia was achieved (3.4%) (nl < 5.5%). Normoglycemia was maintained as outpatients until 3 wk before delivery when the patients were readmitted for tests of fetal well-being. Mean weight gain for the mothers was 12.2 kg. Mean glucose at delivery was 87 mg/dl and HbA1c was 3%. Hormonal profiles (hCG, hPRL, estrogens, progesterone, hPL) normalized after normoglycemia was achieved and remained normal until delivery. Mean gestational age at time of delivery was 38.8 wk with a mean infant birth weight of 2988 g. No infant manifested hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, erythremia, or respiratory disease. The use of self-monitored blood glucose allows for optimal care of the insulin-dependent, pregnant diabetic woman while she remains at home with her family.

The impact of general health and social support on health promoting lifestyle in the first year postpartum: the structural equation modelling

PubMed Central

Hajimiri, Khadijeh; Shakibazadeh, Elham; Mehrizi, Ali Asghar Haeri; Shabbidar, Sakineh

2018-01-01

Background and aim Postpartum is a critical period for mothers which often leads to neglect of their own health. Mothers’ new responsibilities may affect their health promoting lifestyle (HPL). The aim of this study was to determine the impact of both general health and social support on health-promoting lifestyle. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 310 women who gave birth over a one-year period in Zanjan (Iran), 2016. A proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to select respondents from each stratum. Health-promoting lifestyle was assessed using the health-promoting lifestyle profile II (HPLP II) scale. A structure equation model (SEM) was used to determine the relationship between observed and latent variables. Data were analysed using SPSS version 22 and LISREL 8.5 software. Results The age of 42.6% of the participants was more than 30 years and 40.3% of them had an academic education. The mean score of the health-promoting lifestyle was 131.28 (15.37). The structural equation model fitted well with RMSEA =0.07, CFI=0.92, and GFI=0.94. Among the latent factors, general health, with a factor load of −0.68, had greater impact on health-promoting lifestyle than social support. Moreover, there was a significant correlation (−0.63) between general health and perceived social support in the postpartum period. Conclusion health-promoting lifestyle was not at appropriate levels among women in the first year after delivery. These findings suggest that strengthening general health and social support would improve a health-promoting lifestyle in Iranian postpartum women. PMID:29588825

Exploring Infiniband Hardware Virtualization in OpenNebula towards Efficient High-Performance Computing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pais Pitta de Lacerda Ruivo, Tiago; Bernabeu Altayo, Gerard; Garzoglio, Gabriele

2014-11-11

has been widely accepted that software virtualization has a big negative impact on high-performance computing (HPC) application performance. This work explores the potential use of Infiniband hardware virtualization in an OpenNebula cloud towards the efficient support of MPI-based workloads. We have implemented, deployed, and tested an Infiniband network on the FermiCloud private Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) cloud. To avoid software virtualization towards minimizing the virtualization overhead, we employed a technique called Single Root Input/Output Virtualization (SRIOV). Our solution spanned modifications to the Linux’s Hypervisor as well as the OpenNebula manager. We evaluated the performance of the hardware virtualization on up to 56more » virtual machines connected by up to 8 DDR Infiniband network links, with micro-benchmarks (latency and bandwidth) as well as w a MPI-intensive application (the HPL Linpack benchmark).« less

Evidence for communality in the primary determinants of CYP74 catalysis and of structural similarities between CYP74 and classical mammalian P450 enzymes.

PubMed

Hughes, Richard K; Yousafzai, Faridoon K; Ashton, Ruth; Chechetkin, Ivan R; Fairhurst, Shirley A; Hamberg, Mats; Casey, Rod

2008-09-01

In silico structural analysis of CYP74C3, a membrane-associated P450 enzyme from the plant Medicago truncatula (barrel medic) with hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) specificity, showed that it had strong similarities to the structural folds of the classical microsomal P450 enzyme from rabbits (CYP2C5). It was not only the secondary structure predictions that supported the analysis but site directed mutagenesis of the substrate interacting residues was also consistent with it. This led us to develop a substrate-binding model of CYP74C3 which predicted three amino acid residues, N285, F287, and G288 located in the putative I-helix and distal haem pocket of CYP74C3 to be in close proximity to the preferred substrate 13-HPOTE. These residues were judged to be in equivalent positions to those identified in SRS-4 of CYP2C5. Significance of the residues and their relevance to the model were further assessed by site directed mutagenesis of the three residues followed by EPR spectroscopic and detailed kinetic investigations of the mutated proteins in the presence and absence of detergent. Although point mutation of the residues had no effect on the haem content of the mutated proteins, significant effects on the spin state equilibrium of the haem iron were noted. Kinetic effects of the mutations, which were investigated using three different substrates, were dramatic in nature. In the presence of detergent with the preferred substrate (13-HPOTE), the catalytic center activities and substrate binding affinities of the mutant proteins were reduced by a factor of 8-32 and 4-12, respectively, compared with wild-type--a two orders of magnitude reduction in catalytic efficiencies. We believe this is the first report where primary determinants of catalysis for any CYP74 enzyme, which are fully consistent with our model, have been identified. Our working model predicts that N285 is close enough to suggest that a hydrogen bond with the peroxy group of the enzyme substrate 13-HPOTE is

Self-Determination.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Transition Summary, 1988

1988-01-01

This issue of "Transition Summary" contains articles about self-determination and becoming a good self-advocate, with each article reflecting the experience of someone who has grown up with a disability. "The Many Facets of Self-Determination" (Michael Ward) discusses the concept of self-determination; offers an historical perspective of the…

32 CFR 1900.43 - Determination(s) by Deputy Director(s).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Determination(s) by Deputy Director(s). 1900.43 Section 1900.43 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE... Administrative Appeals § 1900.43 Determination(s) by Deputy Director(s). Each Deputy Director in charge of a...

Improving dewaterability of waste activated sludge by combined conditioning with zero-valent iron and hydrogen peroxide.

PubMed

Zhou, Xu; Wang, Qilin; Jiang, Guangming; Zhang, Xiwang; Yuan, Zhiguo

2014-12-01

Improvement of sludge dewaterability is crucial for reducing the costs of sludge disposal in wastewater treatment plants. This study presents a novel method based on combined conditioning with zero-valent iron (ZVI) and hydrogen peroxide (HP) at pH 2.0 to improve dewaterability of a full-scale waste activated sludge (WAS). The combination of ZVI (0-750mg/L) and HP (0-750mg/L) at pH 2.0 substantially improved the WAS dewaterability due to Fenton-like reactions. The highest improvement in WAS dewaterability was attained at 500mg ZVI/L and 250mg HP/L, when the capillary suction time of the WAS was reduced by approximately 50%. Particle size distribution indicated that the sludge flocs were decomposed after conditioning. Economic analysis showed that combined conditioning with ZVI and HP was a more economically favorable method for improving WAS dewaterability than the classical Fenton reaction based method initiated by ferrous salts and HP. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Graph 500 on OpenSHMEM: Using a Practical Survey of Past Work to Motivate Novel Algorithmic Developments

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Grossman, Max; Pritchard Jr., Howard Porter; Budimlic, Zoran

2016-12-22

Graph500 [14] is an effort to offer a standardized benchmark across large-scale distributed platforms which captures the behavior of common communicationbound graph algorithms. Graph500 differs from other large-scale benchmarking efforts (such as HPL [6] or HPGMG [7]) primarily in the irregularity of its computation and data access patterns. The core computational kernel of Graph500 is a breadth-first search (BFS) implemented on an undirected graph. The output of Graph500 is a spanning tree of the input graph, usually represented by a predecessor mapping for every node in the graph. The Graph500 benchmark defines several pre-defined input sizes for implementers to testmore » against. This report summarizes investigation into implementing the Graph500 benchmark on OpenSHMEM, and focuses on first building a strong and practical understanding of the strengths and limitations of past work before proposing and developing novel extensions.« less

The influence of hollyhock extract administration on testicular function in rats.

PubMed

Papiez, Monika A

2004-11-01

It has been reported, recently that an aqueous extract from hollyhock flowers (Althaea rosea Cav. varietas nigra) induces weak metabolic changes in rat testes. In the present study, the in vivoinfluence of a methanolic extract was investigated on the metabolism and morphology of the rat testis. To this end, histochemical, morphometric and radioimmunological methods were used. The rats drank the extract at a dose of 100 mg/day for 7 weeks. The histochemical activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and Delta(5)beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Delta(5)betaHSD) increased significantly statistically in the Leydig cells of the experimental rats in comparison with controls. There were no significant changes in either the diameter of seminiferous tubules or the height of seminiferous epithelium after hollyhock administration. Further, only a small amount of hyperplasia of the interstitial tissue was observed. The morphological and histoenzymatic changes in the Leydig cells indicate that the methanolic hollyhock extract has a direct but small influence on rat testes. The insignificant changes in testicular testosterone and estradiol content suggest that the extract does not disturb steroidogenesis.

Genomics of sex determination.

PubMed

Zhang, Jisen; Boualem, Adnane; Bendahmane, Abdelhafid; Ming, Ray

2014-04-01

Sex determination is a major switch in the evolutionary history of angiosperm, resulting 11% monoecious and dioecious species. The genomic sequences of papaya sex chromosomes unveiled the molecular basis of recombination suppression in the sex determination region, and candidate genes for sex determination. Identification and analyses of sex determination genes in cucurbits and maize demonstrated conservation of sex determination mechanism in one lineage and divergence between the two systems. Epigenetic control and hormonal influence of sex determination were elucidated in both plants and animals. Intensive investigation of potential sex determination genes in model species will improve our understanding of sex determination gene network. Such network will in turn accelerate the identification of sex determination genes in dioecious species with sex chromosomes, which are burdensome due to no recombination in sex determining regions. The sex determination genes in dioecious species are crucial for understanding the origin of dioecy and sex chromosomes, particularly in their early stage of evolution. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Plant Sex Determination.

PubMed

Pannell, John R

2017-03-06

Sex determination is as important for the fitness of plants as it is for animals, but its mechanisms appear to vary much more among plants than among animals, and the expression of gender in plants differs in important respects from that in most animals. In this Minireview, I provide an overview of the broad variety of ways in which plants determine sex. I suggest that several important peculiarities of plant sex determination can be understood by recognising that: plants show an alternation of generations between sporophytic and gametophytic phases (either of which may take control of sex determination); plants are modular in structure and lack a germ line (allowing for a quantitative expression of gender that is not common in animals); and separate sexes in plants have ultimately evolved from hermaphroditic ancestors. Most theorising about sex determination in plants has focused on dioecious species, but we have much to learn from monecious or hermaphroditic species, where sex is determined at the level of modules, tissues or cells. Because of the fundamental modularity of plant development and potentially important evolutionary links between monoecy and dioecy, it may be useful to relax the distinction often made between 'developmental sex determination' (which underpins the development of male versus female flowers in monoecious species) and 'genetic sex determination' (which underpins the separation of males and females in dioecious species, often mediated by a genetic polymorphism and sex chromosomes). I also argue for relaxing the distinction between sex determination involving a genetic polymorphism and that involving responses to environmental or hormonal cues, because non-genetic cues might easily be converted into genetic switches. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Delay Discounting of Self-Determined and Experimenter-Determined Commodities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weatherly, Jeffrey N.; Gudding, Jennifer; Derenne, Adam

2010-01-01

Research suggests that individuals prefer self-determined reinforcers over experimenter-determined ones. The present study had 518 college students complete a delay-discounting task in which the commodity was cigarettes, a grocery store gift card, casino tokens, cash, or the choice of the four. The least amount of delay discounting was observed…

Sex determination in papaya.

PubMed

Ming, Ray; Yu, Qingyi; Moore, Paul H

2007-06-01

Sex determination is an intriguing system in trioecious papaya. Over the past seven decades various hypotheses, based on the knowledge and information available at the time, have been proposed to explain the genetics of the papaya's sex determination. These include a single gene with three alleles, a group of closely linked genes, a genic balance of sex chromosome over autosomes, classical XY chromosomes, and regulatory elements of the flower development pathway. Recent advancements in genomic technology make it possible to characterize the genomic region involved in sex determination at the molecular level. High density linkage mapping validated the hypothesis that predicted recombination suppression at the sex determination locus. Physical mapping and sample sequencing of the non-recombination region led to the conclusion that sex determination is controlled by a pair of primitive sex chromosomes with a small male-specific region (MSY) of the Y chromosome. We now postulate that two sex determination genes control the sex determination pathway. One, a feminizing or stamen suppressor gene, causes stamen abortion before or at flower inception while the other, a masculinizing or carpel suppressor gene, causes carpel abortion at a later flower developmental stage. Detailed physical mapping is beginning to reveal structural details about the sex determination region and sequencing is expected to uncover candidate sex determining genes. Cloning of the sex determination genes and understanding the sex determination process could have profound application in papaya production.

43 CFR 11.81 - Damage determination phase-restoration and compensation determination plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... compensation determination plan. 11.81 Section 11.81 Public Lands: Interior Office of the Secretary of the...—restoration and compensation determination plan. (a) Requirement. (1) The authorized official shall develop a Restoration and Compensation Determination Plan that will list a reasonable number of possible alternatives...

43 CFR 11.81 - Damage determination phase-restoration and compensation determination plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... compensation determination plan. 11.81 Section 11.81 Public Lands: Interior Office of the Secretary of the...—restoration and compensation determination plan. (a) Requirement. (1) The authorized official shall develop a Restoration and Compensation Determination Plan that will list a reasonable number of possible alternatives...

32 CFR 1901.43 - Determination(s) by Deputy Director(s).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Determination(s) by Deputy Director(s). 1901.43 Section 1901.43 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE..., first-out” basis taking into account the business requirements of the parties and consistent with the...

PRiME: integrating professional responsibility into the engineering curriculum.

PubMed

Moore, Christy; Hart, Hillary; Randall, D'Arcy; Nichols, Steven P

2006-04-01

Engineering educators have long discussed the need to teach professional responsibility and the social context of engineering without adding to overcrowded curricula. One difficulty we face is the lack of appropriate teaching materials that can fit into existing courses. The PRiME (Professional Responsibility Modules for Engineering) Project (http://www.engr.utexas.edu/ethics/primeModules.cfm) described in this paper was initiated at the University of Texas, Austin to provide web-based modules that could be integrated into any undergraduate engineering class. Using HPL (How People Learn) theory, PRiME developed and piloted four modules during the academic year 2004-2005. This article introduces the modules and the pilot, outlines the assessment process, analyzes the results, and describes how the modules are being revised in light of the initial assessment. In its first year of development and testing, PRiME made significant progress towards meeting its objectives. The PRiME Project can strengthen engineering education by providing faculty with an effective system for engaging students in learning about professional responsibility.

A team of heterochromatin factors collaborates with small RNA pathways to combat repetitive elements and germline stress

PubMed Central

McMurchy, Alicia N; Stempor, Przemyslaw; Gaarenstroom, Tessa; Wysolmerski, Brian; Dong, Yan; Aussianikava, Darya; Appert, Alex; Huang, Ni; Kolasinska-Zwierz, Paulina; Sapetschnig, Alexandra; Miska, Eric A; Ahringer, Julie

2017-01-01

Repetitive sequences derived from transposons make up a large fraction of eukaryotic genomes and must be silenced to protect genome integrity. Repetitive elements are often found in heterochromatin; however, the roles and interactions of heterochromatin proteins in repeat regulation are poorly understood. Here we show that a diverse set of C. elegans heterochromatin proteins act together with the piRNA and nuclear RNAi pathways to silence repetitive elements and prevent genotoxic stress in the germ line. Mutants in genes encoding HPL-2/HP1, LIN-13, LIN-61, LET-418/Mi-2, and H3K9me2 histone methyltransferase MET-2/SETDB1 also show functionally redundant sterility, increased germline apoptosis, DNA repair defects, and interactions with small RNA pathways. Remarkably, fertility of heterochromatin mutants could be partially restored by inhibiting cep-1/p53, endogenous meiotic double strand breaks, or the expression of MIRAGE1 DNA transposons. Functional redundancy among factors and pathways underlies the importance of safeguarding the genome through multiple means. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21666.001 PMID:28294943

Isolation and animal serum free expansion of human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and endothelial colony forming progenitor cells (ECFCs).

PubMed

Reinisch, Andreas; Strunk, Dirk

2009-10-08

The umbilical cord is a rich source for progenitor cells with high proliferative potential including mesenchymal stromal cells (also termed mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs) and endothelial colony forming progenitor cells (ECFCs). Both cell types are key players in maintaining the integrity of tissue and are probably also involved in regenerative processes and tumor formation. To study their biology and function in a comparative manner it is important to have both cells types available from the same donor. It may also be beneficial for regenerative purposes to derive MSCs and ECFCs from the same tissue. Because cellular therapeutics should eventually find their way from bench to bedside we established a new method to isolate and further expand progenitor cells without the use of animal protein. Pooled human platelet lysate (pHPL) replaced fetal bovine serum in all steps of our protocol to completely avoid contact of the cells to xenogeneic proteins. This video demonstrates a methodology for the isolation and expansion of progenitor cells from one umbilical cord. All materials and procedures will be described.

32 CFR 1901.43 - Determination(s) by Deputy Director(s).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Determination(s) by Deputy Director(s). 1901.43 Section 1901.43 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY PUBLIC RIGHTS UNDER THE PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 Action on Privacy Act Administrative Appeals § 1901.43...

32 CFR 1901.43 - Determination(s) by Deputy Director(s).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Determination(s) by Deputy Director(s). 1901.43 Section 1901.43 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY PUBLIC RIGHTS UNDER THE PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 Action on Privacy Act Administrative Appeals § 1901.43...

Statistical Attitude Determination

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Markley, F. Landis

2010-01-01

All spacecraft require attitude determination at some level of accuracy. This can be a very coarse requirement of tens of degrees, in order to point solar arrays at the sun, or a very fine requirement in the milliarcsecond range, as required by Hubble Space Telescope. A toolbox of attitude determination methods, applicable across this wide range, has been developed over the years. There have been many advances in the thirty years since the publication of Reference, but the fundamentals remain the same. One significant change is that onboard attitude determination has largely superseded ground-based attitude determination, due to the greatly increased power of onboard computers. The availability of relatively inexpensive radiation-hardened microprocessors has led to the development of "smart" sensors, with autonomous star trackers being the first spacecraft application. Another new development is attitude determination using interferometry of radio signals from the Global Positioning System (GPS) constellation. This article reviews both the classic material and these newer developments at approximately the level of, with emphasis on. methods suitable for use onboard a spacecraft. We discuss both "single frame" methods that are based on measurements taken at a single point in time, and sequential methods that use information about spacecraft dynamics to combine the information from a time series of measurements.

Preconditioning with the traditional Chinese medicine Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang initiates HIF-1α-dependent neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia in rats.

PubMed

Zhang, Qichun; Bian, Huimin; Li, Yu; Guo, Liwei; Tang, Yuping; Zhu, Huaxu

2014-06-11

Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang (HLJDT) is a classical heat-clearing and detoxicating formula of traditional Chinese medicine that is widely used to treat stroke. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of HLJDT preconditioning on neurons under oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) and rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). A stroke model of rats was obtained through MCAO. Following HLJDT preconditioning, the cerebral infarction volume, cerebral water content, and neurological deficient score were determined. Cerebral cortical neurons cultured in vitro were preconditioned with HLJDT and then subjected to OGD treatment. The release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from neurons was detected. The levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and PI3K/Akt signaling were analyzed by western blotting, and the levels of erythropoietin (EPO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the supernatant of the neurons and the plasma of MCAO rats were measured through a radioimmunological assay. The apoptosis and proliferation of neurons were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. HLJDT preconditioning significantly reduced the cerebral infarction volume and cerebral water content and ameliorated the neurological deficient score of MCAO rats. In addition, HLJDT preconditioning protected neurons against OGD. Increased HIF-1α, EPO, and VEGF levels and the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling were observed as a result of HLJDT preconditioning. Furthermore, HLJDT preconditioning was found to inhibit ischemia-induced neuron apoptosis and to promote neuron proliferation under conditions of ischemia/reperfusion. Both rats and neurons subjected to HLJDT preconditioning were able to resist ischemia/reperfusion or hypoxia injury through the inhibition of apoptosis and the enhancement of proliferation, and these effects were primarily dependent on the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and HIF-1α. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights

TBT-induced imposex in marine neogastropods is mediated by an increasing androgen level

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bettin, C.; Oehlmann, J.; Stroben, E.

1996-09-01

Tributyltin (TBT) exposure at different concentrations (5, 60, and 100 ng TBT as Sn/l) induces a concentration- and time-dependent imposex (=pseudohermaphroditism) development in female Nucella lapillus and Hinia reticulata. In both species the average imposex stage, termed as vas deferens sequence (VDS) index, and the average female penis length increases with increasing TBT concentration and duration of TBT exposure. Testosterone added at a concentration of 500 ng/l induces a faster and more intensive imposex development compared to that induced by the TBT concentrations used in the present experiments. Radioimmunological determination of endogenous steroid content reveals increasing testosterone titres in female gastropods exposed to TBT which correlate with the TBT concentration used and the duration of the experiment. The most marked and highest increase of the endogenous testosterone level is exhibited by females, of both species exposed to testosterone. Simulataneous exposure to TBT and to the antiandrogen cyproterone acetate which suppresses imposex development completely in N. lapillus and reduces imposex development strongly in H. reticulata proves that the imposex-inducing effects of TBT are mediated by an increasing androgen level and are not caused directly by the organotin compound itself. Further-more, TBT-induced imposex development can be suppressed in both snails by adding estrogens to the aqueous medium. These observations suggest that TBT causes an inhibition of the cytochrome P-450 dependent aromatase system which catalyses the aromatization of androgens to estrogens. The increase of the androgen content or the shift of the androgen-estrogen balance in favour of androgens induces the development of pseudohermaphroditism in marine prosobranchs. Artificial inhibition of the cytochrome P-450 dependent aromatase system using SH 489 (1-methyl-1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione) as a steroidal aromatase inhibitor and flavone as a nonsteroidal aromatase

Endogenous angiotensinergic system in neurons of rat and human trigeminal ganglia

PubMed Central

Imboden, Hans; Patil, Jaspal; Nussberger, Juerg; Nicoud, Françoise; Hess, Benno; Ahmed, Nermin; Schaffner, Thomas; Wellner, Maren; Müller, Dominik; Inagami, Tadashi; Senbonmatsu, Takaaki; Pavel, Jaroslav; Saavedra, Juan M.

2009-01-01

To clarify the role of Angiotensin II (Ang II) in the sensory system and especially in the trigeminal ganglia, we studied the expression of angiotensinogen (Ang-N)-, renin-, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)- and cathepsin D-mRNA, and the presence of Ang II and substance P in the rat and human trigeminal ganglia. The rat trigeminal ganglia expressed substantial amounts of Ang-N- and ACE mRNA as determined by quantitative real time PCR. Renin mRNA was untraceable in rat samples. Cathepsin D was detected in the rat trigeminal ganglia indicating the possibility of existence of pathways alternative to renin for Ang I formation. In situ hybridization in rat trigeminal ganglia revealed expression of Ang-N mRNA in the cytoplasm of numerous neurons. By using immunocytochemistry, a number of neurons and their processes in both the rat and human trigeminal ganglia were stained for Ang II. Post in situ hybridization immunocytochemistry reveals that in the rat trigeminal ganglia some, but not all Ang-N mRNA-positive neurons marked for Ang II. In some neurons Substance P was found colocalized with Ang II. Angiotensins from rat trigeminal ganglia were quantitated by radioimmunoassay with and without prior separation by high performance liquid chromatography. Immunoreactive angiotensin II (ir-Ang II) was consistently present and the sum of true Ang II (1-8) octapeptide and its specifically measured metabolites were found to account for it. Radioimmunological and immunocytochemical evidence of ir-Ang II in neuronal tissue is compatible with Ang II as a neurotransmitter. In conclusion, these results suggest that Ang II could be produced locally in the neurons of rat trigeminal ganglia. The localization and colocalization of neuronal Ang II with Substance P in the trigeminal ganglia neurons may be the basis for a participation and function of Ang II in the regulation of nociception and migraine pathology. PMID:19323983

Low proliferation and high apoptosis of osteoblastic cells on hydrophobic surface are associated with defective Ras signaling

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chang, Eun-Ju; Kim, Hong-Hee; Huh, Jung-Eun

2005-02-01

The hydrophobic (HPB) nature of most polymeric biomaterials has been a major obstacle in using those materials in vivo due to low compatibility with cells. However, there is little knowledge of the molecular detail to explain how surface hydrophobicity affects cell responses. In this study, we compared the proliferation and apoptosis of human osteoblastic MG63 cells adhered to hydrophilic (HPL) and hydrophobic surfaces. On the hydrophobic surface, less formation of focal contacts and actin stress fibers, a delay in cell cycle progression, and an increase in apoptosis were observed. By using fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) as a model growthmore » factor, we also investigated intracellular signaling pathways on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. The activation of Ras, Akt, and ERK by FGF1 was impaired in MG63 cells on the hydrophobic surface. The overexpression of constitutively active form of Ras and Akt rescued those cells from apoptosis and recovered cell cycle progression. Furthermore, their overexpression also restored the actin cytoskeletal organization on the hydrophobic surface. Finally, the proliferative, antiapoptotic, and cytoskeletal effects of constitutively active Ras in MG63 cells on the hydrophobic surface were blocked by wortmannin and PD98059 that inhibit Akt and ERK activation, respectively. Therefore, our results suggest that the activation of Ras and its downstream molecules Akt and ERK to an appropriate level is one of crucial elements in the determination of osteoblast cell responses. The Ras pathway may represent a cell biological target that should be considered for successful surface modification of biomaterials to induce adequate cell responses in the bone tissue.« less

Nephelometric determination of fluorine

USGS Publications Warehouse

Stevens, R.E.

1936-01-01

Fluorine in minerals may be determined with the nephelometer to about 1 per cent of the fluorine. The determination is made on an aliquot of the sodium chloride solution of the fluorine, obtained by the Berzelius method of extraction. The fluorine is precipitated as colloidal calcium fluoride in alcoholic solution, gelatin serving as a protective colloid. Arsenates, sulfates, and phosphates, which interfere with the determination, must be removed.

7 CFR 6.43 - Determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Cheeses § 6.43 Determinations. (a) Making determinations. Not later than 30 days after receiving an... determination as to the validity of the allegation. In making such determination, the following shall apply: (1) The “domestic wholesale market” shall be one or more of the three major U.S. market areas, viz., New...

7 CFR 6.43 - Determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Cheeses § 6.43 Determinations. (a) Making determinations. Not later than 30 days after receiving an... determination as to the validity of the allegation. In making such determination, the following shall apply: (1) The “domestic wholesale market” shall be one or more of the three major U.S. market areas, viz., New...

7 CFR 6.43 - Determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Cheeses § 6.43 Determinations. (a) Making determinations. Not later than 30 days after receiving an... determination as to the validity of the allegation. In making such determination, the following shall apply: (1) The “domestic wholesale market” shall be one or more of the three major U.S. market areas, viz., New...

7 CFR 6.43 - Determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Cheeses § 6.43 Determinations. (a) Making determinations. Not later than 30 days after receiving an... determination as to the validity of the allegation. In making such determination, the following shall apply: (1) The “domestic wholesale market” shall be one or more of the three major U.S. market areas, viz., New...

7 CFR 6.43 - Determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Cheeses § 6.43 Determinations. (a) Making determinations. Not later than 30 days after receiving an... determination as to the validity of the allegation. In making such determination, the following shall apply: (1) The “domestic wholesale market” shall be one or more of the three major U.S. market areas, viz., New...

Sociodemographic determinants of pedometer-determined physical activity among Japanese adults.

PubMed

Inoue, Shigeru; Ohya, Yumiko; Odagiri, Yuko; Takamiya, Tomoko; Suijo, Kenichi; Kamada, Masamitsu; Okada, Shinpei; Tudor-Locke, Catrine; Shimomitsu, Teruichi

2011-05-01

Although previous studies have reported physical activity and its sociodemographic determinants using self-report measures, there have been few studies using pedometers. To ascertain pedometer-determined physical activity and its sociodemographic determinants among community residents living in four Japanese cities. A cross-sectional mail survey was conducted from February 2007 to January 2008 with a sample of 4000 residents (aged 20-69 years and 50% male) who were randomly selected from the registry of residential addresses. Complete responses for both questionnaire and pedometer were obtained from 790 residents (48.3±13.7 years, 46.7% male). Associations of 11 sociodemographic variables with steps per day were examined using multiple logistic regression analyses. Data were analyzed in 2010. Men averaged 8763±3497 steps/day and women averaged 8242±3277 steps/day. Further, 29.0% of men and 27.8% of women walked ≥10,000 steps/day. City of residence, good self-rated health, low educational attainment, and not owning a car were associated with taking ≥10,000 steps/day in men, whereas employed status and dog ownership were associated with walking ≥10,000 steps/day in women. The results contribute to understanding of step-defined physical activity and its sociodemographic determinants. A diversity of step counts by sociodemographic variables clarifies specific populations among Japanese who are in need of intervention to promote physical activity. Copyright © 2011 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Reclaiming Self-Determination from the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Michael D.

2012-01-01

This paper examines the way the term "self-determination" is used in the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975. Its main thesis is that the Act does not in fact offer tribal governments self-determination, but instead reaffirms old power configurations that go back to the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934.…

Reduction and determination of dixanthogens.

PubMed

Prasad, M S

1971-06-01

A convenient method for the reduction and determination of dixaathogen has been developed. It is based on the quantitative reaction of dixanthogen with zinc amalgam to form xanthate; the latter can be determined by iodine titration, potentiometric titration with silver nitrate or by spectrophotometry at 310 mmu. Dixanthogen can be determined in mixtures containing xanthate, by titration of aliquots with and without reduction. Higher dixanthogens can also be determined, and flotation liquors analysed.

Determinants for grading Malaysian rice

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

ChePa, Noraziah; Yusoff, Nooraini; Ahmad, Norhayati

2016-08-01

Due to un-uniformity of rice grading practices in Malaysia, zones which actively producing rice in Malaysia are using their own way of grading rice. Rice grading is important in determining rice quality and its subsequent price in the market. It is an important process applied in the rice production industry with the purpose of ensuring that the rice produced for the market meets the quality requirements of consumer. Two important aspects that need to be considered in determining rice grades are grading technique and determinants to be used for grading (usually referred as rice attributes). This article proposes the list of determinants to be used in grading Malaysian rice. Determinants were explored through combination of extensive literature review and series of interview with the domain experts and practitioners. The proposed determinants are believed to be beneficial to BERNAS in improving the current Malaysian rice grading process.

The usefulness of biotyping in the determination of selected pathogenicity determinants in Streptococcus mutans

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background Streptococcus mutans is known to be a primary etiological factor of dental caries, a widespread and growing disease in Polish children. Recognition of novel features determining the pathogenicity of this pathogen may contribute to understanding the mechanisms of bacterial infections. The goal of the study was to determine the activity of prephenate dehydrogenase (PHD) and to illuminate the role of the enzyme in S. mutans pathogenicity. The strains were biotyped based on STREPTOtest 24 biochemical identification tests and the usefulness of biotyping in the determination of S. mutans pathogenicity determinants was examined. Results Out of ninety strains isolated from children with deciduous teeth fifty three were classified as S. mutans species. PDH activity was higher (21.69 U/mg on average) in the experimental group compared to the control group (5.74 U/mg on average) (P <0.001). Moreover, it was demonstrated that biotype I, established basing on the biochemical characterization of the strain, was predominant (58.5%) in oral cavity streptococcosis. Its dominance was determined by higher PDH activity compared to biotypes II and III (P = 0.0019). Conclusions The usefulness of biotyping in the determination of Streptococcus mutans pathogenicity determinants was demonstrated. The obtained results allow for better differentiation of S. mutans species and thus may contribute to recognition of pathogenic bacteria transmission mechanisms and facilitate treatment. PMID:25096795

Determining postural stability

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Forth, Katharine E. (Inventor); Paloski, William H. (Inventor); Lieberman, Erez (Inventor)

2011-01-01

A method for determining postural stability of a person can include acquiring a plurality of pressure data points over a period of time from at least one pressure sensor. The method can also include the step of identifying a postural state for each pressure data point to generate a plurality of postural states. The method can include the step of determining a postural state of the person at a point in time based on at least the plurality of postural states.

Ionospheric refraction effects on orbit determination using the orbit determination error analysis system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yee, C. P.; Kelbel, D. A.; Lee, T.; Dunham, J. B.; Mistretta, G. D.

1990-01-01

The influence of ionospheric refraction on orbit determination was studied through the use of the Orbit Determination Error Analysis System (ODEAS). The results of a study of the orbital state estimate errors due to the ionospheric refraction corrections, particularly for measurements involving spacecraft-to-spacecraft tracking links, are presented. In current operational practice at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Flight Dynamics Facility (FDF), the ionospheric refraction effects on the tracking measurements are modeled in the Goddard Trajectory Determination System (GTDS) using the Bent ionospheric model. While GTDS has the capability of incorporating the ionospheric refraction effects for measurements involving ground-to-spacecraft tracking links, such as those generated by the Ground Spaceflight Tracking and Data Network (GSTDN), it does not have the capability to incorporate the refraction effects for spacecraft-to-spacecraft tracking links for measurements generated by the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS). The lack of this particular capability in GTDS raised some concern about the achievable accuracy of the estimated orbit for certain classes of spacecraft missions that require high-precision orbits. Using an enhanced research version of GTDS, some efforts have already been made to assess the importance of the spacecraft-to-spacecraft ionospheric refraction corrections in an orbit determination process. While these studies were performed using simulated data or real tracking data in definitive orbit determination modes, the study results presented here were obtained by means of covariance analysis simulating the weighted least-squares method used in orbit determination.

Determinants with orthogonal polynomial entries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ismail, Mourad E. H.

2005-06-01

We use moment representations of orthogonal polynomials to evaluate the corresponding Hankel determinants formed by the orthogonal polynomials. We also study the Hankel determinants which start with pn on the top left-hand corner. As examples we evaluate the Hankel determinants whose entries are q-ultraspherical or Al-Salam-Chihara polynomials.

GPS Based Spacecraft Attitude Determination

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-09-30

AD-A271 734 GPS Based Spacecraft Attitude Determination Final Report for October 1992- September 1993 to the Naval Research Laboratory Prepared by .F...ethods ....................................................................... 7 4. Spacecraft Attitude and Orbit Determination... attitude determination techniques to near-Earth spacecraft. The areas addressed include solution algorithms, simulation of the spacecraft and

Determination of Offgassed Products

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1997-01-01

A technician at Marshall Space Flight Center's Materials Combustion Research Facility begins the Determination of Offgassed Products Test to determine the identity and quantity of volatile offgassed products from materials and assembled articles. Materials are measured, weighed, and loaded into a clean toxicity chamber (pictured). The chamber is purged with high-purity air and loaded into an oven where it will be held at 120 degrees Fahrenheit (48.9 degrees Celsius) for 72 hours. At the end of the 72-hour period, the chamber is removed and allowed to cool to room temperature. Gas samples are taken from the chamber and analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. From this, the quantity of the material that may be used safely in habitable areas of spacecraft is determined. This test also determines whether a flight hardware item may be flown safely in a crew compartment. Everything going into space with the astronauts is tested prior to flight to ensure the health and safety of the crew members.

Method of determining glass durability

DOEpatents

Jantzen, Carol Maryanne; Pickett, John Butler; Brown, Kevin George; Edwards, Thomas Barry

1998-01-01

A process for determining one or more leachate concentrations of one or more components of a glass composition in an aqueous solution of the glass composition by identifying the components of the glass composition, including associated oxides, determining a preliminary glass dissolution estimator, .DELTA.G.sub.p, based upon the free energies of hydration for the component reactant species, determining an accelerated glass dissolution function, .DELTA.G.sub.a, based upon the free energy associated with weak acid dissociation, .DELTA.G.sub.a.sup.WA, and accelerated matrix dissolution at high pH, .DELTA.G.sub.a.sup.SB associated with solution strong base formation, and determining a final hydration free energy, .DELTA.G.sub.f. This final hydration free energy is then used to determine leachate concentrations for elements of interest using a regression analysis and the formula log.sub.10 (N C.sub.i (g/L))=a.sub.i +b.sub.i .DELTA.G.sub.f. The present invention also includes a method to determine whether a particular glass to be produced will be homogeneous or phase separated. The present invention is also directed to methods of monitoring and controlling processes for making glass using these determinations to modify the feedstock materials until a desired glass durability and homogeneity is obtained.

The compounds from the hollyhock extract (Althaea rosea Cav. var. nigra) affect the aromatization in rat testicular cells in vivo and in vitro.

PubMed

Papiez, Monika; Gancarczyk, Monika; Bilińska, Barbara

2002-01-01

Among medicinal plants, extract from the hollyhock flowers is a source of antocyanides and flavonoids. The latter compounds belong, among others, to phytoestrogens (plant-derived dietary estrogens). The important role of estrogens in the testis is now well documented, and phytoestrogens, which may act as estrogen agonists or estrogen antagonists can also alter the reproductive function of the male. The aim of this study was to show whether the exposure of male rats to the aqueous hollyhock extract could affect the process of aromatization in their testes and in cultured Leydig cells. This was investigated by immunocytochemistry and radioimmunological assays. Immunoreactivities for aromatase and estrogen receptor beta were weaker both in testicular sections and cultured Leydig cells after hollyhock extract administration when compared to the controls, while the intensity of immunoreaction for estrogen receptor alpha remained unchanged. A lower level of estradiol secreted by cultured Leydig cells from the experimental group positively correlated with a direct inhibition of aromatase activity. Additionally, a quantitative analysis of flavonoid fraction from the hollyhock extract revealed the presence of quercetin and kaempferol. It seems that a weak antiestrogenic activity of flavonoid compounds present in the hollyhock extract is mediated through aromatase and estrogen receptor beta rather than by estrogen receptor alpha.

Prion protein conversion induced by trivalent iron in vesicular trafficking.

PubMed

Choi, Bo-Ran; Lee, Jeongmin; Kim, Su Yeon; Yim, Inbeen; Kim, Eun-Hee; Woo, Hee-Jong

2013-03-15

Iron dyshomeostasis has been observed in prion diseases; however, little is known regarding the contribution of the oxidation state of iron to prion protein (PrP) conversion. In this study, PrP(C)-deficient HpL3-4 cells were exposed to divalent [Fe(II)] or trivalent [Fe(III)] iron, followed by exogenous recombinant PrP (rPrP) treatment. We then analyzed the accumulation of internalized rPrP and its biochemical properties, including its resistance to both proteinase K (PK) digestion and detergent solubility. Fe(III), but not Fe(II), induced the accumulation of internalized rPrP, which was partially converted to detergent-insoluble and PK-resistant PrP (PrP(res)). The Fe(III)-induced PrP(res) generation required an intact cell structure, and it was hindered by U18666A, an inhibitor of vesicular trafficking, but not by NH4Cl, an inhibitor of endolysosomal acidification. These observations implicated that the Fe(III)-mediated PrP(res) conversion likely occurs during endosomal vesicular trafficking rather than in the acidic environment of lysosomes. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Ethylene and 1-MCP regulate major volatile biosynthetic pathways in apple fruit.

PubMed

Yang, Xiaotang; Song, Jun; Du, Lina; Forney, Charles; Campbell-Palmer, Leslie; Fillmore, Sherry; Wismer, Paul; Zhang, Zhaoqi

2016-03-01

The effects of ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on apple fruit volatile biosynthesis and gene expression were investigated. Statistical analysis identified 17 genes that changed significantly in response to ethylene and 1-MCP treatments. Genes encoding branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase (BCAT), aromatic amino acid aminotransferase (ArAT) and amino acid decarboxylases (AADC) were up-regulated during ripening and further enhanced by ethylene treatment. Genes related to fatty acid synthesis and metabolism, including acyl-carrier-proteins (ACPs), malonyl-CoA:ACP transacylase (MCAT), acyl-ACP-desaturase (ACPD), lipoxygenase (LOX), hydroperoxide lyase (HPL), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC2), β-oxidation, acyl-CoA synthetase (ACS), enoyl-CoA hydratase (ECHD), acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACAD), and alcohol acyltransferases (AATs) also increased during ripening and in response to ethylene treatment. Allene oxide synthase (AOS), alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1), 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase and branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase 2 (BCAT2) decreased in ethylene-treated fruit. Treatment with 1-MCP and ethylene generally produced opposite effects on related genes, which provides evidence that regulation of these genes is ethylene dependent. Crown Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Histone Methylation Restrains the Expression of Subtype-Specific Genes during Terminal Neuronal Differentiation in Caenorhabditis elegans

PubMed Central

Chiang, Victor; Chalfie, Martin

2013-01-01

Although epigenetic control of stem cell fate choice is well established, little is known about epigenetic regulation of terminal neuronal differentiation. We found that some differences among the subtypes of Caenorhabditis elegans VC neurons, particularly the expression of the transcription factor gene unc-4, require histone modification, most likely H3K9 methylation. An EGF signal from the vulva alleviated the epigenetic repression of unc-4 in vulval VC neurons but not the more distant nonvulval VC cells, which kept unc-4 silenced. Loss of the H3K9 methyltransferase MET-2 or H3K9me2/3 binding proteins HPL-2 and LIN-61 or a novel chromodomain protein CEC-3 caused ectopic unc-4 expression in all VC neurons. Downstream of the EGF signaling in vulval VC neurons, the transcription factor LIN-11 and histone demethylases removed the suppressive histone marks and derepressed unc-4. Behaviorally, expression of UNC-4 in all the VC neurons caused an imbalance in the egg-laying circuit. Thus, epigenetic mechanisms help establish subtype-specific gene expression, which are needed for optimal activity of a neural circuit. PMID:24348272

Temperature determination using pyrometry

DOEpatents

Breiland, William G.; Gurary, Alexander I.; Boguslavskiy, Vadim

2002-01-01

A method for determining the temperature of a surface upon which a coating is grown using optical pyrometry by correcting Kirchhoff's law for errors in the emissivity or reflectance measurements associated with the growth of the coating and subsequent changes in the surface thermal emission and heat transfer characteristics. By a calibration process that can be carried out in situ in the chamber where the coating process occurs, an error calibration parameter can be determined that allows more precise determination of the temperature of the surface using optical pyrometry systems. The calibration process needs only to be carried out when the physical characteristics of the coating chamber change.

Method for Determining the Coalbed Methane Content with Determination the Uncertainty of Measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Szlązak, Nikodem; Korzec, Marek

2016-06-01

Methane has a bad influence on safety in underground mines as it is emitted to the air during mining works. Appropriate identification of methane hazard is essential to determining methane hazard prevention methods, ventilation systems and methane drainage systems. Methane hazard is identified while roadways are driven and boreholes are drilled. Coalbed methane content is one of the parameters which is used to assess this threat. This is a requirement according to the Decree of the Minister of Economy dated 28 June 2002 on work safety and hygiene, operation and special firefighting protection in underground mines. For this purpose a new method for determining coalbed methane content in underground coal mines has been developed. This method consists of two stages - collecting samples in a mine and testing the sample in the laboratory. The stage of determining methane content in a coal sample in a laboratory is essential. This article presents the estimation of measurement uncertainty of determining methane content in a coal sample according to this methodology.

Precise Orbit Determination for ALOS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nakamura, Ryo; Nakamura, Shinichi; Kudo, Nobuo; Katagiri, Seiji

2007-01-01

The Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) has been developed to contribute to the fields of mapping, precise regional land coverage observation, disaster monitoring, and resource surveying. Because the mounted sensors need high geometrical accuracy, precise orbit determination for ALOS is essential for satisfying the mission objectives. So ALOS mounts a GPS receiver and a Laser Reflector (LR) for Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR). This paper deals with the precise orbit determination experiments for ALOS using Global and High Accuracy Trajectory determination System (GUTS) and the evaluation of the orbit determination accuracy by SLR data. The results show that, even though the GPS receiver loses lock of GPS signals more frequently than expected, GPS-based orbit is consistent with SLR-based orbit. And considering the 1 sigma error, orbit determination accuracy of a few decimeters (peak-to-peak) was achieved.

Method of determining glass durability

DOEpatents

Jantzen, C.M.; Pickett, J.B.; Brown, K.G.; Edwards, T.B.

1998-12-08

A process is described for determining one or more leachate concentrations of one or more components of a glass composition in an aqueous solution of the glass composition by identifying the components of the glass composition, including associated oxides, determining a preliminary glass dissolution estimator, {Delta}G{sub p}, based upon the free energies of hydration for the component reactant species, determining an accelerated glass dissolution function, {Delta}G{sub a}, based upon the free energy associated with weak acid dissociation, {Delta}G{sub a}{sup WA}, and accelerated matrix dissolution at high pH, {Delta}G{sub a}{sup SB} associated with solution strong base formation, and determining a final hydration free energy, {Delta}G{sub f}. This final hydration free energy is then used to determine leachate concentrations for elements of interest using a regression analysis and the formula log{sub 10}(N C{sub i}(g/L))=a{sub i} + b{sub i}{Delta}G{sub f}. The present invention also includes a method to determine whether a particular glass to be produced will be homogeneous or phase separated. The present invention is also directed to methods of monitoring and controlling processes for making glass using these determinations to modify the feedstock materials until a desired glass durability and homogeneity is obtained. 4 figs.

50 CFR 100.23 - Rural determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Rural determinations. 100.23 Section 100.23 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR... Determinations § 100.23 Rural determinations. (a) The Board has determined all communities and areas to be rural...

50 CFR 100.23 - Rural determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 8 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Rural determinations. 100.23 Section 100.23 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR... Determinations § 100.23 Rural determinations. (a) The Board has determined all communities and areas to be rural...

50 CFR 100.23 - Rural determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Rural determinations. 100.23 Section 100.23 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR... Determinations § 100.23 Rural determinations. (a) The Board has determined all communities and areas to be rural...

50 CFR 100.23 - Rural determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Rural determinations. 100.23 Section 100.23 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR... Determinations § 100.23 Rural determinations. (a) The Board has determined all communities and areas to be rural...

43 CFR 11.63 - Injury determination phase-pathway determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2012-10-01 2011-10-01 true Injury determination phase-pathway... resource are similar to experimental conditions of the previous studies. In the absence of this information... discharged or released under experimental conditions similar to the hydraulic, chemical, and biological...

Enhanced expression of G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER/GPR30) in lung cancer

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER/GPR30) was reported to bind 17β-estradiol (E2), tamoxifen, and ICI 182,780 (fulvestrant) and promotes activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated signaling in breast, endometrial and thyroid cancer cells. Although lung adenocarcinomas express estrogen receptors α and β (ERα and ERβ), the expression of GPER in lung cancer has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of GPER in lung cancer. Methods The expression patterns of GPER in various lung cancer lines and lung tumors were investigated using standard quantitative real time PCR (at mRNA levels), Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods (at protein levels). The expression of GPER was scored and the pairwise comparisons (cancer vs adjacent tissues as well as cancer vs normal lung tissues) were performed. Results Analysis by real-time PCR and Western blotting revealed a significantly higher expression of GPER at both mRNA and protein levels in human non small cell lung cancer cell (NSCLC) lines relative to immortalized normal lung bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). The virally immortalized human small airway epithelial cell line HPL1D showed higher expression than HBECs and similar expression to NSCLC cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue sections of murine lung adenomas as well as human lung adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas and non-small cell lung carcinomas showed consistently higher expression of GPER in the tumor relative to the surrounding non-tumor tissue. Conclusion The results from this study demonstrate increased GPER expression in lung cancer cells and tumors compared to normal lung. Further evaluation of the function and regulation of GPER will be necessary to determine if GPER is a marker of lung cancer progression. PMID:23273253

Enhanced expression of G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER/GPR30) in lung cancer.

PubMed

Jala, Venkatakrishna Rao; Radde, Brandie N; Haribabu, Bodduluri; Klinge, Carolyn M

2012-12-28

G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER/GPR30) was reported to bind 17β-estradiol (E2), tamoxifen, and ICI 182,780 (fulvestrant) and promotes activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated signaling in breast, endometrial and thyroid cancer cells. Although lung adenocarcinomas express estrogen receptors α and β (ERα and ERβ), the expression of GPER in lung cancer has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of GPER in lung cancer. The expression patterns of GPER in various lung cancer lines and lung tumors were investigated using standard quantitative real time PCR (at mRNA levels), Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods (at protein levels). The expression of GPER was scored and the pairwise comparisons (cancer vs adjacent tissues as well as cancer vs normal lung tissues) were performed. Analysis by real-time PCR and Western blotting revealed a significantly higher expression of GPER at both mRNA and protein levels in human non small cell lung cancer cell (NSCLC) lines relative to immortalized normal lung bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). The virally immortalized human small airway epithelial cell line HPL1D showed higher expression than HBECs and similar expression to NSCLC cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue sections of murine lung adenomas as well as human lung adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas and non-small cell lung carcinomas showed consistently higher expression of GPER in the tumor relative to the surrounding non-tumor tissue. The results from this study demonstrate increased GPER expression in lung cancer cells and tumors compared to normal lung. Further evaluation of the function and regulation of GPER will be necessary to determine if GPER is a marker of lung cancer progression.

43 CFR 11.63 - Injury determination phase-pathway determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...; and (C) Depth of exposed bed, bank, or shoreline sediments. (ii) As appropriate to the exposed... adhered to, bound to, or otherwise covered surface tissue, or was ingested, or inhaled but not assimilated, the area of dispersion may be determined based upon chemical analysis of the appropriate tissues or...

43 CFR 11.63 - Injury determination phase-pathway determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...; and (C) Depth of exposed bed, bank, or shoreline sediments. (ii) As appropriate to the exposed... adhered to, bound to, or otherwise covered surface tissue, or was ingested, or inhaled but not assimilated, the area of dispersion may be determined based upon chemical analysis of the appropriate tissues or...

43 CFR 11.63 - Injury determination phase-pathway determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...; and (C) Depth of exposed bed, bank, or shoreline sediments. (ii) As appropriate to the exposed... adhered to, bound to, or otherwise covered surface tissue, or was ingested, or inhaled but not assimilated, the area of dispersion may be determined based upon chemical analysis of the appropriate tissues or...

76 FR 72961 - Flood Hazard Determinations (Including Flood Elevation Determinations)-Change in Notification and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-28

... opportunity for comment and appeal. These other types of flood hazard determinations include new and modified... Appeal Procedures AGENCY: Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Pursuant to... rules. This new procedure will not affect the notice or appeals process for these determinations. FEMA...

42 CFR 423.566 - Coverage determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Coverage determinations. 423.566 Section 423.566... (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM (CONTINUED) VOLUNTARY MEDICARE PRESCRIPTION DRUG BENEFIT Grievances, Coverage Determinations, Redeterminations, and Reconsiderations § 423.566 Coverage determinations. (a) Responsibilities of...

10 CFR 26.189 - Determination of fitness.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Determination of fitness. 26.189 Section 26.189 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION FITNESS FOR DUTY PROGRAMS Determining Fitness-for-Duty Policy Violations and Determining Fitness § 26.189 Determination of fitness. (a) A determination of fitness is the process entered...

10 CFR 26.189 - Determination of fitness.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Determination of fitness. 26.189 Section 26.189 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION FITNESS FOR DUTY PROGRAMS Determining Fitness-for-Duty Policy Violations and Determining Fitness § 26.189 Determination of fitness. (a) A determination of fitness is the process entered...

Reactions to changes in work control: Implications for self-determined and non-self-determined individuals.

PubMed

Parker, Stacey L; Jimmieson, Nerina L; Amiot, Catherine E

2016-10-01

We investigate the extent to which individuals' global motivation (self-determined and non-self-determined types) influences adjustment (anxiety, positive reappraisal) and engagement (intrinsic motivation, task performance) in reaction to changes to the level of work control available during a work simulation. Participants (N = 156) completed 2 trials of an inbox activity under conditions of low or high work control-with the ordering of these levels varied to create an increase, decrease, or no change in work control. In support of the hypotheses, results revealed that for more self-determined individuals, high work control led to the increased use of positive reappraisal. Follow-up moderated mediation analyses revealed that the increases in positive reappraisal observed for self-determined individuals in the conditions in which work control was high by Trial 2 consequently increased their intrinsic motivation toward the task. For more non-self-determined individuals, high work control (as well as changes in work control) led to elevated anxiety. Follow-up moderated mediation analyses revealed that the increases in anxiety observed for non-self-determined individuals in the high-to-high work control condition consequently reduced their task performance. It is concluded that adjustment to a demanding work task depends on a fit between individuals' global motivation and the work control available, which has consequences for engagement with demanding work. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

42 CFR 422.566 - Organization determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Organization determinations. 422.566 Section 422... (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM MEDICARE ADVANTAGE PROGRAM Grievances, Organization Determinations and Appeals § 422.566 Organization determinations. (a) Responsibilities of the MA organization. Each MA organization...

Health determinants and podiatry.

PubMed

Brodie, B S

2001-09-01

Public health and podiatry have a natural union both through historical development and a shared interest in prevention. Podiatry is considered in terms of health determinants such as income, social support, education and environment. The author considers that podiatry has a constructive role to play in the improvement of health and well-being in terms of the previously unrecognised relationship of the profession to the determinants of health and population health promotion.

Models of determining deformations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gladilin, V. N.

2016-12-01

In recent years, a lot of functions designed to determine deformation values that occur mostly as a result of settlement of structures and industrial equipment. Some authors suggest such advanced mathematical functions approximating deformations as general methods for the determination of deformations. The article describes models of deformations as physical processes. When comparing static, cinematic and dynamic models, it was found that the dynamic model reflects the deformation of structures and industrial equipment most reliably.

The GEOS-3 orbit determination investigation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pisacane, V. L.; Eisner, A.; Yionoulis, S. M.; Mcconahy, R. J.; Black, H. D.; Pryor, L. L.

1978-01-01

The nature and improvement in satellite orbit determination when precise altimetric height data are used in combination with conventional tracking data was determined. A digital orbit determination program was developed that could singly or jointly use laser ranging, C-band ranging, Doppler range difference, and altimetric height data. Two intervals were selected and used in a preliminary evaluation of the altimeter data. With the data available, it was possible to determine the semimajor axis and eccentricity to within several kilometers, in addition to determining an altimeter height bias. When used jointly with a limited amount of either C-band or laser range data, it was shown that altimeter data can improve the orbit solution.

38 CFR 17.364 - Eligibility determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Eligibility determinations. 17.364 Section 17.364 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.364 Eligibility determinations. Determinations of...

38 CFR 17.364 - Eligibility determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Eligibility determinations. 17.364 Section 17.364 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.364 Eligibility determinations. Determinations of...

38 CFR 17.364 - Eligibility determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Eligibility determinations. 17.364 Section 17.364 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.364 Eligibility determinations. Determinations of...

38 CFR 17.364 - Eligibility determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Eligibility determinations. 17.364 Section 17.364 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.364 Eligibility determinations. Determinations of...

38 CFR 17.364 - Eligibility determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Eligibility determinations. 17.364 Section 17.364 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.364 Eligibility determinations. Determinations of...

Waste Determination Equivalency - 12172

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Freeman, Rebecca D.

2012-07-01

The Savannah River Site (SRS) is a Department of Energy (DOE) facility encompassing approximately 800 square kilometers near Aiken, South Carolina which began operations in the 1950's with the mission to produce nuclear materials. The SRS contains fifty-one tanks (2 stabilized, 49 yet to be closed) distributed between two liquid radioactive waste storage facilities at SRS containing carbon steel underground tanks with storage capacities ranging from 2,800,000 to 4,900,000 liters. Treatment of the liquid waste from these tanks is essential both to closing older tanks and to maintaining space needed to treat the waste that is eventually vitrified or disposedmore » of onsite. Section 3116 of the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense Authorization Act of Fiscal Year 2005 (NDAA) provides the Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), a methodology to determine that certain waste resulting from prior reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel are not high-level radioactive waste if it can be demonstrated that the waste meets the criteria set forth in Section 3116(a) of the NDAA. The Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the NRC, signed a determination in January 2006, pursuant to Section 3116(a) of the NDAA, for salt waste disposal at the SRS Saltstone Disposal Facility. This determination is based, in part, on the Basis for Section 3116 Determination for Salt Waste Disposal at the Savannah River Site and supporting references, a document that describes the planned methods of liquid waste treatment and the resulting waste streams. The document provides descriptions of the proposed methods for processing salt waste, dividing them into 'Interim Salt Processing' and later processing through the Salt Waste Processing Facility (SWPF). Interim Salt Processing is separated into Deliquification, Dissolution, and Adjustment (DDA) and Actinide Removal Process/Caustic Side Solvent Extraction Unit (ARP/MCU). The Waste Determination was signed by the

24 CFR 954.302 - Income determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Income determinations. 954.302... DEVELOPMENT INDIAN HOME PROGRAM Eligible Activities and Affordability § 954.302 Income determinations. Whenever a grantee makes a determination under this part based on family income or adjusted family income...

20 CFR 655.160 - Determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT OF FOREIGN WORKERS IN THE UNITED STATES Labor Certification Process for Temporary Agricultural Employment in the United States (H-2A Workers) Labor Certification Determinations § 655.160 Determinations. Except...

20 CFR 655.160 - Determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT OF FOREIGN WORKERS IN THE UNITED STATES Labor Certification Process for Temporary Agricultural Employment in the United States (H-2A Workers) Labor Certification Determinations § 655.160 Determinations. Except...

Attitude Determination Using Two Vector Measurements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Markley, F. Landis

1998-01-01

Many spacecraft attitude determination methods use exactly two vector measurements. The two vectors are typically the unit vector to the Sun and the Earth's magnetic field vector for coarse "sun-mag" attitude determination or unit vectors to two stars tracked by two star trackers for fine attitude determination. TRIAD, the earliest published algorithm for determining spacecraft attitude from two vector measurements, has been widely used in both ground-based and onboard attitude determination. Later attitude determination methods have been based on Wahba's optimality criterion for n arbitrarily weighted observations. The solution of Wahba's problem is somewhat difficult in the general case, but there is a simple closed-form solution in the two-observation case. This solution reduces to the TRIAD solution for certain choices of measurement weights. This paper presents and compares these algorithms as well as sub-optimal algorithms proposed by Bar-Itzhack, Harman, and Reynolds. Some new results will be presented, but the paper is primarily a review and tutorial.

Solids mass flow determination

DOEpatents

Macko, Joseph E.

1981-01-01

Method and apparatus for determining the mass flow rate of solids mixed with a transport fluid to form a flowing mixture. A temperature differential is established between the solids and fluid. The temperature of the transport fluid prior to mixing, the temperature of the solids prior to mixing, and the equilibrium temperature of the mixture are monitored and correlated in a heat balance with the heat capacities of the solids and fluid to determine the solids mass flow rate.

7 CFR 1599.3 - Eligibility determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Eligibility determination. (a) An entity will be eligible to become a participant only after FAS determines...-Dole Program. In order to determine whether the entity is financially responsible, FAS may require it... judicial process may be obtained by FAS on behalf of the entity; and (5) An operating financial account in...

7 CFR 1599.3 - Eligibility determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Eligibility determination. (a) An entity will be eligible to become a participant only after FAS determines...-Dole Program. In order to determine whether the entity is financially responsible, FAS may require it... judicial process may be obtained by FAS on behalf of the entity; and (5) An operating financial account in...

7 CFR 1599.3 - Eligibility determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Eligibility determination. (a) An entity will be eligible to become a participant only after FAS determines...-Dole Program. In order to determine whether the entity is financially responsible, FAS may require it... judicial process may be obtained by FAS on behalf of the entity; and (5) An operating financial account in...

7 CFR 1599.3 - Eligibility determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Eligibility determination. (a) An entity will be eligible to become a participant only after FAS determines...-Dole Program. In order to determine whether the entity is financially responsible, FAS may require it... judicial process may be obtained by FAS on behalf of the entity; and (5) An operating financial account in...

7 CFR 1599.3 - Eligibility determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Eligibility determination. (a) An entity will be eligible to become a participant only after FAS determines...-Dole Program. In order to determine whether the entity is financially responsible, FAS may require it... judicial process may be obtained by FAS on behalf of the entity; and (5) An operating financial account in...

38 CFR 36.4707 - Determination fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Determination fees. 36...) LOAN GUARANTY Sale of Loans, Guarantee of Payment, and Flood Insurance § 36.4707 Determination fees. (a... a reasonable fee for determining whether the building or mobile home securing the loan is located or...

12 CFR 614.4950 - Determination fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Determination fees. 614.4950 Section 614.4950... Insurance Requirements § 614.4950 Determination fees. (a) General. Notwithstanding any Federal or State law... charge a reasonable fee for determining whether the building or mobile home securing the loan is located...

40 CFR 68.115 - Threshold determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Threshold determination. 68.115... § 68.115 Threshold determination. (a) A threshold quantity of a regulated substance listed in § 68.130... process exceeds the threshold. (b) For the purposes of determining whether more than a threshold quantity...

Uncertainty of in-flight thrust determination

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abernethy, Robert B.; Adams, Gary R.; Steurer, John W.; Ascough, John C.; Baer-Riedhart, Jennifer L.; Balkcom, George H.; Biesiadny, Thomas

1986-01-01

Methods for estimating the measurement error or uncertainty of in-flight thrust determination in aircraft employing conventional turbofan/turbojet engines are reviewed. While the term 'in-flight thrust determination' is used synonymously with 'in-flight thrust measurement', in-flight thrust is not directly measured but is determined or calculated using mathematical modeling relationships between in-flight thrust and various direct measurements of physical quantities. The in-flight thrust determination process incorporates both ground testing and flight testing. The present text is divided into the following categories: measurement uncertainty methodoogy and in-flight thrust measurent processes.

22 CFR 181.3 - Determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Determinations. 181.3 Section 181.3 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS COORDINATION, REPORTING AND PUBLICATION OF INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS § 181.3 Determinations. (a) Whether any undertaking, document, or set of documents...

12 CFR 339.8 - Determination fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Determination fees. 339.8 Section 339.8 Banks... IN AREAS HAVING SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARDS § 339.8 Determination fees. (a) General. Notwithstanding any...), any bank, or a servicer acting on behalf of the bank, may charge a reasonable fee for determining...

42 CFR 483.130 - PASARR determination criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... criteria. (a) Basis for determinations. Determinations made by the State mental health or intellectual... determinations by category. Advance group determinations by category developed by the State mental health or... records, physician's evaluations, election of hospice status, records of community mental health centers...

42 CFR 483.130 - PASARR determination criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... criteria. (a) Basis for determinations. Determinations made by the State mental health or mental... determinations by category. Advance group determinations by category developed by the State mental health or... records, physician's evaluations, election of hospice status, records of community mental health centers...

42 CFR 483.130 - PASARR determination criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... criteria. (a) Basis for determinations. Determinations made by the State mental health or intellectual... determinations by category. Advance group determinations by category developed by the State mental health or... records, physician's evaluations, election of hospice status, records of community mental health centers...

Determinants of marriage dissolution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rahim, Mohd Amirul Rafiq Abu; Shafie, Siti Aishah Mohd; Hadi, Az'lina Abdul; Razali, Nornadiah Mohd; Azid @ Maarof, Nur Niswah Naslina

2015-10-01

Nowadays, the number of divorce cases among Muslim couples is very worrisome whereby the total cases reported in 2013 increased by half of the total cases reported in the previous year. The questions on the true key factors of dissolution of marriage continue to arise. Thus, the objective of this study is to reveal the factors that contribute to the dissolution of marriage. A total of 181 cases and ten potential determinants were included in this study. The potential determinants considered were age at marriage of husband and wife, educational level of husband and wife, employment status of husband and wife, income of husband and wife, the number of children and the presence at a counseling session. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that four determinants, namely the income of husband and wife, number of children and the presence at a counselling session were significant in predicting the likelihood of divorce among Muslim couples.

12 CFR 22.8 - Determination fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Determination fees. 22.8 Section 22.8 Banks and... HAZARDS § 22.8 Determination fees. (a) General. Notwithstanding any Federal or State law other than the... on behalf of the bank, may charge a reasonable fee for determining whether the building or mobile...

Method for Determining Artillery Position

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meuser, Wilfried

1988-01-01

A method is described for determining the position of artillery in which a circle of four closely spaced microphones is located at two measurement sites for acoustic radio direction finding of muzzle blasts. A method for determining the position of artillery using this procedure is discussed.

77 FR 6537 - Preliminary Negative Determination and Extension of Time Limit for Final Determination of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-08

... and Countervailing Duty Orders on Certain Pasta From Italy: Affirmative Preliminary Determinations of Circumvention of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Orders, 68 FR 46571, 46575 (August 6, 2003) (Pasta... Orders on Certain Pasta From Italy: Affirmative Final Determinations of Circumvention of Antidumping and...

10 CFR 1017.9 - Nuclear material determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Nuclear material determinations. 1017.9 Section 1017.9... NUCLEAR INFORMATION Initially Determining What Information Is Unclassified Controlled Nuclear Information § 1017.9 Nuclear material determinations. (a) The Secretary may determine that a material other than...

10 CFR 1017.9 - Nuclear material determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Nuclear material determinations. 1017.9 Section 1017.9... NUCLEAR INFORMATION Initially Determining What Information Is Unclassified Controlled Nuclear Information § 1017.9 Nuclear material determinations. (a) The Secretary may determine that a material other than...

10 CFR 1017.9 - Nuclear material determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Nuclear material determinations. 1017.9 Section 1017.9... NUCLEAR INFORMATION Initially Determining What Information Is Unclassified Controlled Nuclear Information § 1017.9 Nuclear material determinations. (a) The Secretary may determine that a material other than...

10 CFR 1017.9 - Nuclear material determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Nuclear material determinations. 1017.9 Section 1017.9... NUCLEAR INFORMATION Initially Determining What Information Is Unclassified Controlled Nuclear Information § 1017.9 Nuclear material determinations. (a) The Secretary may determine that a material other than...

10 CFR 1017.9 - Nuclear material determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Nuclear material determinations. 1017.9 Section 1017.9... NUCLEAR INFORMATION Initially Determining What Information Is Unclassified Controlled Nuclear Information § 1017.9 Nuclear material determinations. (a) The Secretary may determine that a material other than...

Ultrasonic determination of recrystallization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Generazio, E. R.

1986-01-01

Ultrasonic attenuation was measured for cold worked Nickel 200 samples annealed at increasing temperatures. Localized dislocation density variations, crystalline order and colume percent of recrystallized phase were determined over the anneal temperature range using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and metallurgy. The exponent of the frequency dependence of the attenuation was found to be a key variable relating ultrasonic attenuation to the thermal kinetics of the recrystallization process. Identification of this key variable allows for the ultrasonic determination of onset, degree, and completion of recrystallization.

19 CFR 207.14 - Negative petition determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Negative petition determination. 207.14 Section... SUBSIDIZED EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES Preliminary Determinations § 207.14 Negative petition determination... section 732(d) of the Act that the administering authority has made a negative petition determination...

Teaching Determinants Using Rook Arrangements

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hendrickson, Anders O. F.

2018-01-01

Teaching determinants poses significant challenges to the instructor of a proof-based undergraduate linear algebra course. The standard definition by cofactor expansion is ugly, lacks symmetry, and is hard for students to use in proofs. We introduce a visual definition of the determinant that interprets permutations as arrangements of…

TDRS orbit determination by radio interferometry

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pavloff, Michael S.

1994-01-01

In support of a NASA study on the application of radio interferometry to satellite orbit determination, MITRE developed a simulation tool for assessing interferometry tracking accuracy. The Orbit Determination Accuracy Estimator (ODAE) models the general batch maximum likelihood orbit determination algorithms of the Goddard Trajectory Determination System (GTDS) with the group and phase delay measurements from radio interferometry. ODAE models the statistical properties of tracking error sources, including inherent observable imprecision, atmospheric delays, clock offsets, station location uncertainty, and measurement biases, and through Monte Carlo simulation, ODAE calculates the statistical properties of errors in the predicted satellites state vector. This paper presents results from ODAE application to orbit determination of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) by radio interferometry. Conclusions about optimal ground station locations for interferometric tracking of TDRS are presented, along with a discussion of operational advantages of radio interferometry.

How Darwinian reductionism refutes genetic determinism.

PubMed

Rosoff, Philip M; Rosenberg, Alex

2006-03-01

Genetic determinism labels the morally problematical claim that some socially significant traits, traits we care about, such as sexual orientation, gender roles, violence, alcoholism, mental illness, intelligence, are largely the results of the operation of genes and not much alterable by environment, learning or other human intervention. Genetic determinism does not require that genes literally fix these socially significant traits, but rather that they constrain them within narrow channels beyond human intervention. In this essay we analyze genetic determinism in light of what is now known about the inborn error of metabolism phenylketonuria (PKU), which has for so long been the poster child 'simple' argument in favor of some form of genetic determinism. We demonstrate that this case proves the exact opposite of what it has been proposed to support and provides a strong refutation of genetic determinism in all its guises.

Spectrophotometric determination of norepinephrine with sodium iodate and determination of its acidity constants

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hashem, E. Y.; Youssef, A. K.

2013-05-01

A spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of norepinephrine (NE) and its bitartrate salts. The method was based on the development of a red color (λmax = 495 nm) with sodium iodate in aqueous alcoholic medium at pH 5. The color was stable for at least 4 hrs. The molar reacting ratio of NE to sodium iodate was 1:4. A linear relationship was obtained between the absorption intensity and NE concentration in the range of 3.384-37.224 μg/ml with detection limit of 0.067 μg/ml and correlation coefficient of 0.9972. The present work facilitated the determination of the three acidity constants, 7.564 ± 0.02, 9.036 ± 0.034, and 10.761 ± 0.023. The reaction mechanism was also described. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of NE in pharmaceutical formulations. Results for analysis of bulk drugs and injections agree with those of official methods.

Framing the Future: Self-Determination

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wehmeyer, Michael L.

2015-01-01

There is an established and still-growing evidence base that promoting self-determination has positive school and post-school benefits for students with disabilities, and yet efforts to do so remain sporadic, at best. This article examines the evidence that promoting self-determination is critically important for students with disabilities,…

[Social determinants of health and disability: updating the model for determination].

PubMed

Tamayo, Mauro; Besoaín, Álvaro; Rebolledo, Jaime

Social determinants of health (SDH) are conditions in which people live. These conditions impact their lives, health status and social inclusion level. In line with the conceptual and comprehensive progression of disability, it is important to update SDH due to their broad implications in implementing health interventions in society. This proposal supports incorporating disability in the model as a structural determinant, as it would lead to the same social inclusion/exclusion of people described in other structural SDH. This proposal encourages giving importance to designing and implementing public policies to improve societal conditions and contribute to social equity. This will be an act of reparation, justice and fulfilment with the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Copyright © 2017 SESPAS. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Determinants and outcomes of motivation in health professions education: a systematic review based on self-determination theory.

PubMed

Orsini, Cesar; Binnie, Vivian I; Wilson, Sarah L

2016-01-01

This study aimed at conducting a systematic review in health professions education of determinants, mediators and outcomes of students' motivation to engage in academic activities based on the self-determination theory's perspective. A search was conducted across databases (MEDLINE, CINHAL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and ERIC databases), hand-search of relevant journals, grey literature, and published research profile of key authors. Quantitative and qualitative studies were included if they reported research in health professions education focused on determinants, mediators, and/or outcomes of motivation from the self-determination and if meeting the quality criteria. A total of 17 studies met the inclusion and quality criteria. Articles retrieved came from diverse locations and mainly from medical education and to a lesser extent from psychology and dental education. Intrapersonal (gender and personality traits) and interpersonal determinants (academic conditions and lifestyle, qualitative method of selection, feedback, and an autonomy supportive learning climate) have been reported to have a positive influence on students' motivation to engage in academic activities. No studies were found that tested mediation effects between determinants and students' motivation. In turn, students' self-determined motivation has been found to be positively associated with different cognitive, affective, and behavioural outcomes. This study has found that generally, motivation could be enhanced by changes in the educational environment and by an early detection of students' characteristics. Doing so may support future health practitioners' self-determined motivation and positively influence how they process information and their emotions and how they approach their learning activities.

Determinants and outcomes of motivation in health professions education: a systematic review based on self-determination theory

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Purpose: This study aimed at conducting a systematic review in health professions education of determinants, mediators and outcomes of students’ motivation to engage in academic activities based on the self-determination theory’s perspective. Methods: A search was conducted across databases (MEDLINE, CINHAL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and ERIC databases), hand-search of relevant journals, grey literature, and published research profile of key authors. Quantitative and qualitative studies were included if they reported research in health professions education focused on determinants, mediators, and/or outcomes of motivation from the self-determination and if meeting the quality criteria. Results: A total of 17 studies met the inclusion and quality criteria. Articles retrieved came from diverse locations and mainly from medical education and to a lesser extent from psychology and dental education. Intrapersonal (gender and personality traits) and interpersonal determinants (academic conditions and lifestyle, qualitative method of selection, feedback, and an autonomy supportive learning climate) have been reported to have a positive influence on students’ motivation to engage in academic activities. No studies were found that tested mediation effects between determinants and students’ motivation. In turn, students’ self-determined motivation has been found to be positively associated with different cognitive, affective, and behavioural outcomes. Conclusion: This study has found that generally, motivation could be enhanced by changes in the educational environment and by an early detection of students’ characteristics. Doing so may support future health practitioners’ self-determined motivation and positively influence how they process information and their emotions and how they approach their learning activities. PMID:27134006

Perceived teaching behaviors and self-determined motivation in physical education: a test of self-determination theory.

PubMed

Koka, Andre; Hagger, Martin S

2010-03-01

In the present study, we tested the effects of specific dimensions of perceived teaching behaviors on students' self-determined motivation in physical education. In accordance with the tenets of self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2000), we expected the psychological needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness would mediate these effects. Secondary school students (N=498) ages 12-17 years completed measures of perceived teaching behaviors for seven dimensions: (a) democratic behavior, (b) autocratic behavior (c) teaching and instruction, (d) situation consideration, (e) positive general feedback, (f) positive nonverbal feedback, and (h) negative nonverbal feedback. They also completed measures of perceived satisfaction for competence, autonomy, relatedness, and self-determined motivation. A path-analytic model revealed a positive, indirect effect of perceived positive general feedback on self-determined motivation. The effects of perceived autocratic behavior and negative nonverbal feedback were direct and negative, whereas the effects of teaching and instruction and situation consideration were direct and positive. Results suggest that feedback, situation consideration, and teaching and instruction are essential antecedents to self-determined motivation.

On Psychic Determinism.

PubMed

Brown, Robin Gordon

2017-06-01

A confusion persists in the psychoanalytic literature regarding the concept of psychic determinism. Two authors are cited in whose works the concept is identified as foundational to psychoanalysis, in the one case as a "fundamental hypothesis" (Charles Brenner) and in the other as an "underlying presupposition" or assumption (Linda A.W. Brakel). Both claims are based on a conflation of the concept Freud had in mind with a philosophical doctrine going by the same name but meaning something quite different. The philosophical doctrine has no place in psychoanalysis at all, and Freud's concept does not play a foundational role there. In a second section a restricted concept of psychic determinism is critically examined. A third section deals with the impact of that restricted concept on clinical theory and contemporary controversies about clinical practice. Finally, some possible reasons for this confusion are suggested.

Multisatellite attitude determination/optical aspect bias determination (MSAD/OABIAS) system description and operating guide. Volume 3: Operating guide

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Joseph, M.; Keat, J.; Liu, K. S.; Plett, M. E.; Shear, M. A.; Shinohara, T.; Wertz, J. R.

1983-01-01

The Multisatellite Attitude Determination/Optical Aspect Bias Determination (MSAD/OABIAS) System, designed to determine spin axis orientation and biases in the alignment or performance of optical or infrared horizon sensors and Sun sensors used for spacecraft attitude determination, is described. MSAD/OABIAS uses any combination of eight observation models to process data from a single onboard horizon sensor and Sun sensor to determine simultaneously the two components of the attitude of the spacecraft, the initial phase of the Sun sensor, the spin rate, seven sensor biases, and the orbital in-track error associated with the spacecraft ephemeris information supplied to the system. In addition, the MSAD/OABIAS system provides a data simulator for system and performance testing, an independent deterministic attitude system for preprocessing and independent testing of biases determined, and a multipurpose data prediction and comparison system.

7 CFR 810.2003 - Basis of determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Basis of determination. Each determination of heat-damaged kernels, damaged kernels, material other than... shrunken and broken kernels. Other determinations not specifically provided for under the general...

Galileo Jupiter approach orbit determination

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miller, J. K.; Nicholson, F. T.

1984-01-01

Orbit determination characteristics of the Jupiter approach phase of the Galileo mission are described. Predicted orbit determination performance is given for the various mission events that occur during Jupiter approach. These mission events include delivery of an atmospheric entry probe, acquisition of probe science data by the Galileo orbiter for relay to earth, delivery of an orbiter to a close encounter of the Galilean satellite Io, and insertion of the orbiter into orbit about Jupiter. The orbit determination strategy and resulting accuracies are discussed for the data types which include Doppler, range, optical imaging of Io, and a new Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) data type called Differential One-Way Range (DOR).

Determination Of Ph Including Hemoglobin Correction

DOEpatents

Maynard, John D.; Hendee, Shonn P.; Rohrscheib, Mark R.; Nunez, David; Alam, M. Kathleen; Franke, James E.; Kemeny, Gabor J.

2005-09-13

Methods and apparatuses of determining the pH of a sample. A method can comprise determining an infrared spectrum of the sample, and determining the hemoglobin concentration of the sample. The hemoglobin concentration and the infrared spectrum can then be used to determine the pH of the sample. In some embodiments, the hemoglobin concentration can be used to select an model relating infrared spectra to pH that is applicable at the determined hemoglobin concentration. In other embodiments, a model relating hemoglobin concentration and infrared spectra to pH can be used. An apparatus according to the present invention can comprise an illumination system, adapted to supply radiation to a sample; a collection system, adapted to collect radiation expressed from the sample responsive to the incident radiation; and an analysis system, adapted to relate information about the incident radiation, the expressed radiation, and the hemoglobin concentration of the sample to pH.

Donation after brain circulation determination of death.

PubMed

Dalle Ave, Anne L; Bernat, James L

2017-02-23

The fundamental determinant of death in donation after circulatory determination of death is the cessation of brain circulation and function. We therefore propose the term donation after brain circulation determination of death [DBCDD]. In DBCDD, death is determined when the cessation of circulatory function is permanent but before it is irreversible, consistent with medical standards of death determination outside the context of organ donation. Safeguards to prevent error include that: 1] the possibility of auto-resuscitation has elapsed; 2] no brain circulation may resume after the determination of death; 3] complete circulatory cessation is verified; and 4] the cessation of brain function is permanent and complete. Death should be determined by the confirmation of the cessation of systemic circulation; the use of brain death tests is invalid and unnecessary. Because this concept differs from current standards, consensus should be sought among stakeholders. The patient or surrogate should provide informed consent for organ donation by understanding the basis of the declaration of death. In cases of circulatory cessation, such as occurs in DBCDD, death can be defined as the permanent cessation of brain functions, determined by the permanent cessation of brain circulation.

Variations of cortisol, fatigue and sleep disturbances in sound engineers: effect of job task and fast backward-rotating shifts.

PubMed

Vangelova, Katia K

2008-01-01

The aim was to study the effect of job task and fast backward-rotating shifts on the time-of-day variations of cortisol, fatigue, and sleep disturbances in broadcasting sound engineers. The concentration of saliva cortisol and ratings of stress, sleepiness, and fatigue were followed at 3-hour intervals during the fast backward-rotating shifts in 26 sound engineers: 14 subjects from control rooms, aged 45.1 +/- 7.3 years, and 12 subjects working in direct transmissions, aged 51.7 +/- 6.0 years. Saliva cortisol was assessed using an radioimmunology kit. The participants reported for stress symptoms after the shifts and filled a sleep diary. The effects of job task, shift, and time-of-day were analyzed by tests of between-subjects effects (SPSS). Cortisol retained the typical diurnal pattern with a highly significant effect of the shift. The job task and the shift interacted significantly. Higher cortisol values during the morning and night shifts in engineers working in direct transmissions were found. Their stress ratings were also higher, as well as the ratings of sleepiness and fatigue. The quality of sleep was worse in engineers working in direct transmissions. In conclusion, our data indicate that stress and fast backward-rotating shifts in sound engineers working in direct transmissions affect physiological stress markers such as cortisol and increase sleepiness, fatigue, and sleep problems.

Stress and fatigue in sound engineers: the effect of broadcasting in a life show and shift work.

PubMed

Vangelova, Katia K

2008-06-01

The aim was to study the time-of-day variations of cortisol, fatigue and sleep disturbances in sound engineers in relation to job task and shift work. The concentration of saliva cortisol and feeling of stress, sleepiness and fatigue were followed at three hour intervals in 21 sound engineers: 13 sound engineers, aged 45.1 +/- 7.3 years, broadcasting in a life show during fast forward rotating shifts and 8 sound engineers, aged 47.1 +/- 9.8 years, making records in a studio during fast rotating day shifts. Cortisol concentration was assessed in saliva with radioimmunological kits. The participants reported for stress symptoms during the shifts and filled sleep diary. The data were analyzed by tests of between-subjects effects (SPSS). A trend for higher cortisol was found with the group broadcasting in a life show. The sound engineers broadcasting in a life show reported higher scores of stress, sleepiness and fatigue, but no significant differences concerning the sleep disturbances between the groups were found. In conclusion our data show moderate level of stress and fatigue with the studied sound engineers, higher with the subjects broadcasting in a life show. The quality of sleep showed no significant differences between the studied groups, an indication that the sound engineers were able to tolerate the fast forward rotating shifts.

29 CFR 4.3 - Wage determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...)(i).) (e) Wage determinations will be available for public inspection during business hours at the... addition, most prevailing wage determinations are available online from WDOL. Archived versions of SCA wage...

Fuglede–Kadison determinant: theme and variations

PubMed Central

de la Harpe, Pierre

2013-01-01

We review the definition of determinants for finite von Neumann algebras, due to Fuglede and Kadison [Fuglede B, Kadison R (1952) Ann Math 55:520–530], and a generalization for appropriate groups of invertible elements in Banach algebras, from a paper by Skandalis and the author (1984). After some discussion of K-theory and Whitehead torsion, we indicate the relevance of these determinants to the study of -torsion in topology. Contents are as follows:1. The classical setting.2. On von Neumann algebras and traces.3. Fuglede–Kadison determinant for finite von Neumann algebras.4. Motivating question.5. Brief reminder of , , , and Bott periodicity.6. Revisiting the Fuglede–Kadison and other determinants.7. On Whitehead torsion.8. A few lines on -torsion. PMID:24082099

Determination of the structure of lecithins.

PubMed

Blank, M L; Nutter, L J; Privett, O S

1966-03-01

A method is described for the determination of the classes of lecithins in terms of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids based on a total fatty acid composition, the composition of the fatty acids in the beta-position, and the amount of disaturated class determined via mercuric acetate adduct formation. The accuracy of the method was determined on lecithins of known composition and the method was applied to lecithins isolated from milk serum and egg lipids, safflower and soybean oils.

Inulin determination for food labeling.

PubMed

Zuleta, A; Sambucetti, M E

2001-10-01

Inulin and oligofructose exhibit valuable nutritional and functional attributes, so they are used as supplements as soluble fiber or as macronutrient substitutes. As classic analytical methods for dietary fiber measurement are not effective, several specific methods have been proposed. These methods measure total fructans and are based on one or more enzymatic sample treatments and determination of released sugars. To determine inulin for labeling purposes, we developed an easy and rapid anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method following water extraction of inulin. HPLC conditions included an Aminex HPX- 87C column (Bio-Rad), deionized water at 85 degrees C as the mobile phase and a refractive index detector. The tested foods included tailor-made food products containing known amounts of inulin and commercial products (cookies, milk, ice creams, cheese, and cereal bars). The average recovery was 97%, and the coefficient of variation ranged from 1.1 to 5% in the food matrixes. The obtained results showed that this method provides an easier, faster and cheaper alternative than previous techniques for determining inulin with enough accuracy and precision for routine labeling purposes by direct determination of inulin by HPLC with refractive index detection.

32 CFR 211.10 - Reporting Determinations to Congress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Reporting Determinations to Congress. 211.10... Reporting Determinations to Congress. (a) Not later than 30 days after making a determination of... committees a report on such determination and the basis for such determination. (b) Such a report shall...

32 CFR 211.10 - Reporting Determinations to Congress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Reporting Determinations to Congress. 211.10... Reporting Determinations to Congress. (a) Not later than 30 days after making a determination of... committees a report on such determination and the basis for such determination. (b) Such a report shall...

Effects of oral vitamin D3 supplementation in stage 3 chronic kidney disease subjects: insulin resistance syndrome and hormonal disturb interactions.

PubMed

Tahar, Amina; Zerdoumi, Faiza; Saidani, Messaoud; Griene, Lakhdar; Koceir, Elhadj-Ahmed

2018-04-16

The 1-25-hydroxyvitamine D (1-25OHD) or calcitriol deficiency in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients was associated with increases vascular calcification risk, nephrons reduction, bone deficit and cardiovascular mortality by atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the pleiotropic effects of 200.000 IU (D 200 group) every 3 months versus 30.000 IU (D 30 group) every month dose vitamin D supplementation in stage 3 CKD patients. A cohort of 132 adult subjects was randomized into 2 groups according to dose vitamin D supplementation in deficient subjects (25OHD <50 nmol/L or <20 ng/mL). Serum 25OHD levels were assessed before and after 6 and 12 months of vitamin D supplementation. Patients were phenotyped for IRS according to NCEP/ATPIII. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by the MDRD formula. Insulin resistance was evaluated by the Homa-IR model. IRS clusters by Cobas Integra 400®. PTH, Cortisol and IGF-1 were determined by radioimmunologic methods. The 25OHD profile was analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Results showed that vitamin D supplementation increased serum 25OHD concentrations (>75 nmol/L or >30 ng/mL) in both groups; however, the supplementation benefits are more significant in D 30 group than in D 200 group. We noted a highlighted improvement of kidney function, an inhibition of GFR collaps, a safe reduction of proteinuria, a significant PTH and C-reactive protein (inflammation) levels attenuation, concomitantly with cortisolemia normalization and decreased IGF-1 depletion. Nevertheless, homocysteine and Lp(a) concentrations remain increased, not modulated by vitamin D treatment. This study shows that continuous low doses (30.000 IU every month) are recommended for intermittent high doses (200.000 IU every 3 months) vitamin D supplementation. Our study suggests that the serum 25OHD profile can be considered a reliable biomarker in the bioclinic CKD status to stage stabilization and inhibit its evolution.

24 CFR 581.4 - Suitability determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... earlier than six months prior to the expected date when the property will become unutilized or... determination for a particular piece of property, and the reasons for that determination; and (2) The...

Characterization of pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 isolated from human pancreatic juice.

PubMed

De Caro, Josiane; Sias, Barbara; Grandval, Philippe; Ferrato, Francine; Halimi, Hubert; Carrière, Frédéric; De Caro, Alain

2004-09-01

Human pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 (HPLRP2) was identified for the first time in pancreatic juice using specific anti-peptide antibodies and purified to homogeneity. Antibodies were raised in the rabbit using a synthetic peptide from the HPLRP2 protein sequence deduced from cDNA. Western blotting analysis showed that these antibodies did not react with classical human pancreatic lipase (HPL) or human pancreatic lipase-related protein 1 (HPLRP1) but cross-reacted with native rat PLRP2 (RPLRP2), as well as with recombinant rat and guinea-pig PLRP2 (GPLRP2). Immunoaffinity chromatography was performed on immobilized anti-recombinant HPLRP2 polyclonal antibodies to purify native HPLRP2 after conventional chromatographic steps including gel filtration and chromatrography on an anion-exchanger. The substrate specificity of HPLRP2 was investigated using various triglycerides, phospholipids and galactolipids as substrates. The lipase activity on triglycerides was inhibited by bile salts and weakly restored by colipase. The phospholipase activity of HPLRP2 on phospholipid micelles was very low. A significant level of galactolipase activity was measured using monogalactosyldiglyceride monomolecular films. These data suggest that the main physiological function of HPLRP2 is the hydrolysis of galactolipids, which are the main lipids present in vegetable food.

Biomechanical effect of altered lumbar lordosis on intervertebral lumbar joints during the golf swing: a simulation study.

PubMed

Bae, Tae Soo; Cho, Woong; Kim, Kwon Hee; Chae, Soo Won

2014-11-01

Although the lumbar spine region is the most common site of injury in golfers, little research has been done on intervertebral loads in relation to the anatomical-morphological differences in the region. This study aimed to examine the biomechanical effects of anatomical-morphological differences in the lumbar lordosis on the lumbar spinal joints during a golf swing. The golf swing motions of ten professional golfers were analyzed. Using a subject-specific 3D musculoskeletal system model, inverse dynamic analyses were performed to compare the intervertebral load, the load on the lumbar spine, and the load in each swing phase. In the intervertebral load, the value was the highest at the L5-S1 and gradually decreased toward the T12. In each lumbar spine model, the load value was the greatest on the kypholordosis (KPL) followed by normal lordosis (NRL), hypolordosis (HPL), and excessive lordosis (EXL) before the impact phase. However, results after the follow-through (FT) phase were shown in reverse order. Finally, the load in each swing phase was greatest during the FT phase in all the lumbar spine models. The findings can be utilized in the training and rehabilitation of golfers to help reduce the risk of injury by considering individual anatomical-morphological characteristics.

Method for determining artillery position

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fischer, Johannes; Loges, Werner; Meuser, Wilfried

1988-01-01

A method is disclosed for determining the position of cannon from measurement sites whose distance from each other lies in the same order of magnitude as the distance between the cannons -- that distance being in the kilometer range -- with the help of the travel time evaluation of muzzle blasts received at the measurement sites. There are at least two measurement sites, consisting of a cruciform of four microphones each positioned so that one axis is oriented to an arbitrarily chosen reference direction with the microphones spaced closely together. In this arrangement of diametrically opposed microphones, the respective travel times are determined and placed in a relationship whose arctangent is a radio bearing to the reference direction in which radio bearings are determined with consideration of their position and their opposing distance from the cannon position.

10 CFR 431.17 - Determination of efficiency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... state-registered professional engineer, who is qualified to perform an evaluation of electric motor... EQUIPMENT Electric Motors Test Procedures, Materials Incorporated and Methods of Determining Efficiency § 431.17 Determination of efficiency. When a party determines the energy efficiency of an electric motor...

7 CFR 614.7 - Preliminary technical determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Preliminary technical determinations. 614.7 Section... Preliminary technical determinations. (a) A preliminary technical determination becomes final 30 days after... purpose of gathering additional information and discussing the facts relating to the preliminary technical...

29 CFR 4.3 - Wage determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... section 2(a) thereof will be set forth in wage determinations issued by the Administrator. Wage... determinations that are no longer current may be accessed in the “Archived SCA WD” database of WDOL for...

29 CFR 4.3 - Wage determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... section 2(a) thereof will be set forth in wage determinations issued by the Administrator. Wage... determinations that are no longer current may be accessed in the “Archived SCA WD” database of WDOL for...

29 CFR 4.3 - Wage determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... section 2(a) thereof will be set forth in wage determinations issued by the Administrator. Wage... determinations that are no longer current may be accessed in the “Archived SCA WD” database of WDOL for...

29 CFR 4.3 - Wage determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... section 2(a) thereof will be set forth in wage determinations issued by the Administrator. Wage... determinations that are no longer current may be accessed in the “Archived SCA WD” database of WDOL for...

Multisatellite attitude determination/optical aspect bias determination (MSAD/OABIAS) system description and operating guide. Volume 1: Introduction and analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Joseph, M.; Ket, J. E.; Liu, K. S.; Plett, M. E.; Shear, M. A.; Shinohara, T.; Wertz, J. R.

1983-01-01

The Multisatellite Attitude Determination/Optical Aspect Bias Determination (MSAD/OABIAS) System, designed to determine spin axis orientation and biases in the alignment or performance of optical or infrared horizon sensors and Sun sensors used for spacecraft attitude determination is described. MSAD/OABIAS uses any combination of eight observation models to process data from a single onboard horizon sensor and Sun sensor to determine simultaneously the two components of the attitude of the spacecraft, the initial phase of the Sun sensor, the spin rate, seven sensor biases, and the orbital in-track error associated with the spacecraft ephemeris information supplied to the system. In addition, the MSAD/OABIAS System provides a data simulator for system and performance testing, an independent deterministic attitude system for preprocessing and independent testing of biases determined, and a multipurpose data prediction and comparison system.

Determinants of Services Sourcing Performance

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-12-16

resources toward those factors that have the greatest impact on performance and avoid the inefficient use of resources on those factors that have...little or no impact . C. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The objective of this research is to address existing gaps in the literature and to offer service contract...Research Question 2: Which determinant(s) have the greatest impact on the key contract outcomes of service quality and regulatory and statutory compliance

28 CFR 32.44 - Hearing Officer determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Hearing Officer determination. 32.44 Section 32.44 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE PUBLIC SAFETY OFFICERS' DEATH, DISABILITY, AND EDUCATIONAL ASSISTANCE BENEFIT CLAIMS Hearing Officer Determinations § 32.44 Hearing Officer determination. (a...

20 CFR 416.2116 - Medicaid eligibility determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Medicaid eligibility determinations. 416.2116... AGED, BLIND, AND DISABLED Medicaid Eligibility Determinations § 416.2116 Medicaid eligibility determinations. If a State requests, we may agree, under the conditions in this subpart, to make Medicaid...

29 CFR 4.52 - Fringe benefit determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Office of the Secretary of Labor LABOR STANDARDS FOR FEDERAL SERVICE CONTRACTS Wage Determination Procedures § 4.52 Fringe benefit determinations. (a) Wage determinations issued pursuant to the Service Contract Act ordinarily contain provisions for vacation and holiday benefits prevailing in the locality. In...

28 CFR 32.44 - Hearing Officer determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Hearing Officer determination. 32.44 Section 32.44 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE PUBLIC SAFETY OFFICERS' DEATH, DISABILITY, AND EDUCATIONAL ASSISTANCE BENEFIT CLAIMS Hearing Officer Determinations § 32.44 Hearing Officer determination. (a...

18 CFR 270.202 - Definition of determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Definition of determination. 270.202 Section 270.202 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY PROCEDURES GOVERNING DETERMINATIONS FOR TAX CREDIT PURPOSES DETERMINATION...

The determinants of the antibiotic resistance process.

PubMed

Franco, Beatriz Espinosa; Altagracia Martínez, Marina; Sánchez Rodríguez, Martha A; Wertheimer, Albert I

2009-01-01

The use of antibiotic drugs triggers a complex interaction involving many biological, sociological, and psychological determinants. Resistance to antibiotics is a serious worldwide problem which is increasing and has implications for morbidity, mortality, and health care both in hospitals and in the community. To analyze current research on the determinants of antibiotic resistance and comprehensively review the main factors in the process of resistance in order to aid our understanding and assessment of this problem. We conducted a MedLine search using the key words "determinants", "antibiotic", and "antibiotic resistance" to identify publications between 1995 and 2007 on the determinants of antibiotic resistance. Publications that did not address the determinants of antibiotic resistance were excluded. The process and determinants of antibiotic resistance are described, beginning with the development of antibiotics, resistance and the mechanisms of resistance, sociocultural determinants of resistance, the consequences of antibiotic resistance, and alternative measures proposed to combat antibiotic resistance. Analysis of the published literature identified the main determinants of antibiotic resistance as irrational use of antibiotics in humans and animal species, insufficient patient education when antibiotics are prescribed, lack of guidelines for treatment and control of infections, lack of scientific information for physicians on the rational use of antibiotics, and lack of official government policy on the rational use of antibiotics in public and private hospitals.

Perceived Teaching Behaviors and Self-Determined Motivation in Physical Education: A Test of Self-Determination Theory

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koka, Andre; Hagger, Martin S.

2010-01-01

In the present study, we tested the effects of specific dimensions of perceived teaching behaviors on students' self-determined motivation in physical education. In accordance with the tenets of self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2000), we expected the psychological needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness would mediate these…

Culturally Diverse Parents' Perspectives on Self-Determination

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhang, Dalun; Landmark, Leena; Grenwelge, Cheryl; Montoya, Linda

2010-01-01

Current research examining self-determination in cultural contexts has yielded mixed findings. This qualitative interview study collected rich information from parents of four major cultures about their understanding of self-determination and their daily engagement in self-determination related activities with their children with disabilities.…

18 CFR 270.202 - Definition of determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Definition of determination. 270.202 Section 270.202 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY... PROCEDURES Determinations by Jurisdictional Agencies § 270.202 Definition of determination. For purposes of...

10 CFR 950.22 - Covered event determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Covered event determination. 950.22 Section 950.22 Energy... Covered event determination. (a) Completeness review. Upon notification of a covered event from the... with paragraph (c) of this section. (b) Covered Event Determination. The Claims Administrator shall...

10 CFR 950.22 - Covered event determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Covered event determination. 950.22 Section 950.22 Energy... Covered event determination. (a) Completeness review. Upon notification of a covered event from the... with paragraph (c) of this section. (b) Covered Event Determination. The Claims Administrator shall...

10 CFR 950.22 - Covered event determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Covered event determination. 950.22 Section 950.22 Energy... Covered event determination. (a) Completeness review. Upon notification of a covered event from the... with paragraph (c) of this section. (b) Covered Event Determination. The Claims Administrator shall...

10 CFR 950.22 - Covered event determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Covered event determination. 950.22 Section 950.22 Energy... Covered event determination. (a) Completeness review. Upon notification of a covered event from the... with paragraph (c) of this section. (b) Covered Event Determination. The Claims Administrator shall...

10 CFR 950.22 - Covered event determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Covered event determination. 950.22 Section 950.22 Energy... Covered event determination. (a) Completeness review. Upon notification of a covered event from the... with paragraph (c) of this section. (b) Covered Event Determination. The Claims Administrator shall...

Determining Polarities Of Distant Lightning Strokes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Blakeslee, Richard J.; Brook, Marx

1990-01-01

Method for determining polarities of lightning strokes more than 400 km away. Two features of signal from each stroke correlated. New method based on fact each stroke observed thus far for which polarity determined unambiguously, initial polarity of tail same as polarity of initial deflection before initial-deflection signal altered by propagation effects. Receiving station equipped with electric-field-change antenna coupled to charge amplifier having time constant of order of 1 to 10 seconds. Output of amplifier fed to signal-processing circuitry, which determines initial polarity of tail.

38 CFR 1.657 - Determination of rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Determination of rights... PROVISIONS Inventions by Employees of Department of Veterans Affairs § 1.657 Determination of rights. The... make a determination of rights subject to review where required by the Secretary of Commerce. The...

25 CFR 153.4 - Factors determining competency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Factors determining competency. 153.4 Section 153.4 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LAND AND WATER DETERMINATION OF COMPETENCY: CROW INDIANS § 153.4 Factors determining competency. Among the matters to be considered by the...

29 CFR 4.52 - Fringe benefit determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2014-07-01 2013-07-01 true Fringe benefit determinations. 4.52 Section 4.52 Labor... Procedures § 4.52 Fringe benefit determinations. (a) Wage determinations issued pursuant to the Service Contract Act ordinarily contain provisions for vacation and holiday benefits prevailing in the locality. In...

24 CFR 103.400 - Reasonable cause determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... determination by certified mail or personal service. (ii) If the Assistant Secretary determines that no... personal service. (c)(1) A determination of reasonable cause or no reasonable cause by the Assistant... service. (b) The Assistant Secretary may not issue a charge under paragraph (a) of this section regarding...

24 CFR 103.400 - Reasonable cause determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... determination by certified mail or personal service. (ii) If the Assistant Secretary determines that no... personal service. (c)(1) A determination of reasonable cause or no reasonable cause by the Assistant... service. (b) The Assistant Secretary may not issue a charge under paragraph (a) of this section regarding...

24 CFR 103.400 - Reasonable cause determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... determination by certified mail or personal service. (ii) If the Assistant Secretary determines that no... personal service. (c)(1) A determination of reasonable cause or no reasonable cause by the Assistant... service. (b) The Assistant Secretary may not issue a charge under paragraph (a) of this section regarding...

24 CFR 103.400 - Reasonable cause determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... determination by certified mail or personal service. (ii) If the Assistant Secretary determines that no... personal service. (c)(1) A determination of reasonable cause or no reasonable cause by the Assistant... service. (b) The Assistant Secretary may not issue a charge under paragraph (a) of this section regarding...

24 CFR 103.400 - Reasonable cause determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... determination by certified mail or personal service. (ii) If the Assistant Secretary determines that no... personal service. (c)(1) A determination of reasonable cause or no reasonable cause by the Assistant... service. (b) The Assistant Secretary may not issue a charge under paragraph (a) of this section regarding...

7 CFR 868.304 - Broken kernels determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Broken kernels determination. 868.304 Section 868.304 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... Application of Standards § 868.304 Broken kernels determination. Broken kernels shall be determined by the use...

7 CFR 868.304 - Broken kernels determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Broken kernels determination. 868.304 Section 868.304 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... Application of Standards § 868.304 Broken kernels determination. Broken kernels shall be determined by the use...

42 CFR 456.609 - Determinations by team.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Determinations by team. 456.609 Section 456.609 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... Facilities and Institutions for Mental Diseases § 456.609 Determinations by team. The team must determine in...

42 CFR 456.609 - Determinations by team.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Determinations by team. 456.609 Section 456.609 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... Facilities and Institutions for Mental Diseases § 456.609 Determinations by team. The team must determine in...

42 CFR 456.609 - Determinations by team.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Determinations by team. 456.609 Section 456.609 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... Facilities and Institutions for Mental Diseases § 456.609 Determinations by team. The team must determine in...

42 CFR 456.609 - Determinations by team.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Determinations by team. 456.609 Section 456.609 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... Facilities and Institutions for Mental Diseases § 456.609 Determinations by team. The team must determine in...

42 CFR 456.609 - Determinations by team.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Determinations by team. 456.609 Section 456.609 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... Facilities and Institutions for Mental Diseases § 456.609 Determinations by team. The team must determine in...

Stepwise shockwave velocity determinator

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Roth, Timothy E.; Beeson, Harold

1992-01-01

To provide an uncomplicated and inexpensive method for measuring the far-field velocity of a surface shockwave produced by an explosion, a stepwise shockwave velocity determinator (SSVD) was developed. The velocity determinator is constructed of readily available materials and works on the principle of breaking discrete sensors composed of aluminum foil contacts. The discrete sensors have an average breaking threshold of approximately 7 kPa. An incremental output step of 250 mV is created with each foil contact breakage and is logged by analog-to-digital instrumentation. Velocity data obtained from the SSVD is within approximately 11 percent of the calculated surface shockwave velocity of a muzzle blast from a 30.06 rifle.

Self-determination theory and romantic relationship processes.

PubMed

Knee, C Raymond; Hadden, Benjamin W; Porter, Ben; Rodriguez, Lindsey M

2013-11-01

Self-determination theory can be viewed as a theory of optimal relationship development and functioning. We examine the concept of self that is employed in self-determination theory and explain how its unique definition allows an important and novel characterization of investing one's "self" in romantic relationships. A self-determined perspective on romantic relationships integrates several theories on romantic relationship development, but also goes beyond them by explicitly articulating the personality, developmental, and situational factors that facilitate optimal self-investment and relational functioning. Self-determination promotes openness rather than defensiveness and facilitates perspective-taking, authenticity, and support of close others. The dyadic context of romantic relationships affords great opportunity for theoretical development and integration of self-determination theory with current theories of interdependence and relational well-being.

FABP4 plasma concentrations are determined by acquired metabolic derangements rather than genetic determinants.

PubMed

Ibarretxe, D; Girona, J; Plana, N; Cabré, A; Heras, M; Ferré, R; Merino, J; Vallvé, J C; Masana, L

2015-09-01

Circulating FABP4 is strongly associated with metabolic and cardiovascular risk (CVR) and has been proposed as a new risk biomarker. Several FABP4 gene polymorphisms have been associated with protein expression in vitro and metabolic and vascular alterations in vivo. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of FABP4 polymorphisms on FABP4 plasma levels and subclinical arteriosclerosis in patients with obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS) or type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We studied 440 individuals with obesity, MS, T2DM or other cardiovascular risk conditions who attended the vascular medicine and metabolism unit of our hospital. Anamnesis, physical examination and anthropometry data were recorded. Standard biochemical parameters were determined. Plasma FABP4 concentrations were measured. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) was assessed using ultrasonography. The following FABP4 gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed: rs3834363, rs16909233, rs1054135, rs77878271, rs10808846 and rs8192688. None of the studied gene allele variants were hyper-represented in patients grouped according the presence of metabolic alterations nor were they associated with the FABP4 concentration. The FABP4 gene variants did not determine cIMT differences between the groups. In a multivariate analysis, gender and BMI, but not gene variants, significantly determined plasma FABP4 concentrations. In clinical settings, the circulating FABP4 levels are determined by the acquired metabolic derangements and not genetic variation. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

50 CFR 100.15 - Rural determination process.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 8 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Rural determination process. 100.15 Section 100.15 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR... Structure § 100.15 Rural determination process. (a) The Board shall determine if an area or community in...

50 CFR 100.15 - Rural determination process.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Rural determination process. 100.15 Section 100.15 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR... Structure § 100.15 Rural determination process. (a) The Board shall determine if an area or community in...

50 CFR 100.15 - Rural determination process.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Rural determination process. 100.15 Section 100.15 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR... Structure § 100.15 Rural determination process. (a) The Board shall determine if an area or community in...

50 CFR 100.15 - Rural determination process.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Rural determination process. 100.15 Section 100.15 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR... Structure § 100.15 Rural determination process. (a) The Board shall determine if an area or community in...

40 CFR 65.64 - Group determination procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... used to determine group status. (b)(1) Sampling site. For purposes of determining TOC or HAP... inches) in nominal inside diameter. (c) TOC or HAP concentration. The TOC or HAP concentrations used for... appropriate concentration in table 1 of this subpart, TOC or HAP concentration shall be determined based on...

College Student Retention: A Self-Determination Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tetreault, Jules

2013-01-01

This study sought to identify the relationship between a student's level of self-determination towards aspiring to receive a college degree and student retention from the first to second year. Deci & Ryan's (2000) self-determination theory served as the conceptual framework for this study. The fundamental assumption of self-determination is…

42 CFR 435.522 - Determination of age.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Determination of age. 435.522 Section 435.522... ISLANDS, AND AMERICAN SAMOA Categorical Requirements for Eligibility Age § 435.522 Determination of age. (a) Except as specified in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, in determining age, the agency...

42 CFR 435.522 - Determination of age.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Determination of age. 435.522 Section 435.522... ISLANDS, AND AMERICAN SAMOA Categorical Requirements for Eligibility Age § 435.522 Determination of age. (a) Except as specified in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, in determining age, the agency...

42 CFR 435.522 - Determination of age.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Determination of age. 435.522 Section 435.522... ISLANDS, AND AMERICAN SAMOA Categorical Requirements for Eligibility Age § 435.522 Determination of age. (a) Except as specified in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, in determining age, the agency...

42 CFR 435.522 - Determination of age.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Determination of age. 435.522 Section 435.522... ISLANDS, AND AMERICAN SAMOA Categorical Requirements for Eligibility Age § 435.522 Determination of age. (a) Except as specified in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, in determining age, the agency...

42 CFR 435.522 - Determination of age.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Determination of age. 435.522 Section 435.522... ISLANDS, AND AMERICAN SAMOA Categorical Requirements for Eligibility Age § 435.522 Determination of age. (a) Except as specified in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, in determining age, the agency...

7 CFR 810.1403 - Basis of determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Basis of determination. Each determination of broken kernels and foreign material is made on the basis of the grain when free from dockage. Each determination of class, damaged kernels, heat-damaged kernels, and stones is made on the basis of the grain when free from dockage and that portion of the...

10 CFR 950.34 - Final claim determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Final claim determination. 950.34 Section 950.34 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY STANDBY SUPPORT FOR CERTAIN NUCLEAR PLANT DELAYS Dispute Resolution Process § 950.34 Final claim determination. (a) If the parties reach a Final Claim Determination through mediation, or...

10 CFR 950.34 - Final claim determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Final claim determination. 950.34 Section 950.34 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY STANDBY SUPPORT FOR CERTAIN NUCLEAR PLANT DELAYS Dispute Resolution Process § 950.34 Final claim determination. (a) If the parties reach a Final Claim Determination through mediation, or...

Attitude determination using digital earth pictures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gunshol, L. P.

1975-01-01

A computer program called PICATT is reported, which stands for picture attitude determination. Described are the particular satellite to which this technique of attitude determination has been applied, the method of solution, and the results that have been attained using the PICATT program.

19 CFR 210.42 - Initial determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTIGATIONS OF UNFAIR PRACTICES IN IMPORT TRADE ADJUDICATION AND ENFORCEMENT Determinations and Actions Taken § 210.42 Initial determinations. (a... Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, the U.S. Customs Service, and such other departments and agencies...

ZWY Sex Determination in Xenopus tropicalis

EPA Science Inventory

Most vertebrate species with described genetic sex determination are either male (XY) or female (ZW) heterogametic. To date, studies with Xenopus species indicate that members of this genus operate under a ZW sex determination system. We used two different approaches and demonst...

20 CFR 416.1420 - Reconsidered determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reconsidered determination. 416.1420 Section 416.1420 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME FOR THE AGED... Decisions Reconsideration § 416.1420 Reconsidered determination. After you or another person requests a...

20 CFR 404.920 - Reconsidered determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reconsidered determination. 404.920 Section 404.920 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND DISABILITY... Decisions Reconsideration § 404.920 Reconsidered determination. After you or another person requests a...

42 CFR 423.566 - Coverage determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM VOLUNTARY MEDICARE PRESCRIPTION DRUG BENEFIT Grievances, Coverage Determinations... sponsor. Each Part D plan sponsor must have a procedure for making timely coverage determinations in accordance with the requirements of this subpart regarding the prescription drug benefits an enrollee is...

Self-Determination: A Buffer against Suicide Ideation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bureau, Julien S.; Mageau, Genevieve A.; Vallerand, Robert J.; Rousseau, Francois L.; Otis, Joanne

2012-01-01

Self-determination was examined as a protective factor against the detrimental impact of negative life events on suicide ideation in adolescents. It is postulated that for highly self-determined adolescents, negative life events have a weaker impact on both hopelessness and suicide ideation than for non-self-determined adolescents. In turn,…

5 CFR 610.202 - Determining the holiday.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Determining the holiday. 610.202 Section... DUTY Holidays § 610.202 Determining the holiday. For purposes of pay and leave, the day to be treated as a holiday is determined as follows: (a) Except when employees are entitled to a different holiday...

23 CFR 1250.4 - Determining local share.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Determining local share. 1250.4 Section 1250.4 Highways... Determining local share. (a) In determining whether a State meets the requirement that at least 40 percent of... political subdivision, such expenditures are clearly part of the local share. Local safety project related...

18 CFR 4.24 - Determination of cost.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... OF PROJECT COSTS Determination of Cost of Constructed Projects not Subject to Section 23(a) of the Act § 4.24 Determination of cost. The Commission, after receipt of the reports, or after the... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Determination of cost...

18 CFR 4.24 - Determination of cost.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... OF PROJECT COSTS Determination of Cost of Constructed Projects not Subject to Section 23(a) of the Act § 4.24 Determination of cost. The Commission, after receipt of the reports, or after the... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Determination of cost...

18 CFR 4.24 - Determination of cost.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... OF PROJECT COSTS Determination of Cost of Constructed Projects not Subject to Section 23(a) of the Act § 4.24 Determination of cost. The Commission, after receipt of the reports, or after the... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Determination of cost...

18 CFR 4.24 - Determination of cost.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... OF PROJECT COSTS Determination of Cost of Constructed Projects not Subject to Section 23(a) of the Act § 4.24 Determination of cost. The Commission, after receipt of the reports, or after the... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Determination of cost...

18 CFR 4.24 - Determination of cost.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... OF PROJECT COSTS Determination of Cost of Constructed Projects not Subject to Section 23(a) of the Act § 4.24 Determination of cost. The Commission, after receipt of the reports, or after the... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Determination of cost...

7 CFR 281.3 - Determination of failure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Determination of failure. 281.3 Section 281.3... RESERVATIONS § 281.3 Determination of failure. (a) Request for determination of State government agency failure... failure and sanctions. If at any time after the formal warning period, or during or after the corrective...

7 CFR 281.3 - Determination of failure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Determination of failure. 281.3 Section 281.3... RESERVATIONS § 281.3 Determination of failure. (a) Request for determination of State government agency failure... failure and sanctions. If at any time after the formal warning period, or during or after the corrective...

Selling Your Child Care Business: Determining Its Value.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neugebauer, Roger

1997-01-01

Reviews steps to determine the sale value of a privately owned child care business, including determining current pre-tax earnings, calculating add-backs, applying discounts, determining discretionary earnings, determining the appropriate multiple, and computing the center's value. Presents common structures of center purchases and negotiating…

Gender determination of avian embryo

DOEpatents

Daum, Keith A.; Atkinson, David A.

2002-01-01

Disclosed is a method for gender determination of avian embryos. During the embryo incubation process, the outer hard shells of eggs are drilled and samples of allantoic fluid are removed. The allantoic fluids are directly introduced into an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) for analysis. The resulting spectra contain the relevant marker peaks in the positive or negative mode which correlate with unique mobilities which are sex-specific. This way, the gender of the embryo can be determined.

Psychological determinants of influenza vaccination.

PubMed

Bock, Jens-Oliver; Hajek, André; König, Hans-Helmut

2017-08-29

Previous studies investigated the determinants of individuals' decision to vaccinate against influenza primarily focusing on social as well as certain proximal determinants, for example, behavioral beliefs. Thus, so far, the analysis of psychological factors as determinants of influenza vaccination was mainly limited to beliefs, attitudes or perceptions that were directly related to influenza vaccination and its perceived impact. However, considering general psychological factors, like general self-efficacy, optimism or subjective well-being, might further enhance the understanding of why certain people vaccinate while others do not. The aim was to investigate the relationship between various general psychological factors and older people's decision to vaccinate against seasonal flu. The data of individuals aged 60 or older (n = 5037; in 2014) were used from the Germany Ageing Survey. The data were collected in face-to-face interviews and in self-administered questionnaires. They include questions on the use of influenza vaccination and the psychological factors of optimism, self-efficacy, self-esteem, perceived stress, self-regulation, life satisfaction, and negative affect as well as positive affect. The psychological determinants of regular influenza vaccination were investigated using multiple logistic regressions. 53.2% of all participants were regular users of influenza vaccination. There were significant bivariate correlations of all cited psychological factor with influenza vaccination except for life satisfaction and negative affect. After controlling for numerous potential socio-demographic, morbidity- and lifestyle-related confounders, regular influenza vaccination was still positively associated with lower levels of self-esteem and a higher level of perceived stress. There are significant associations of general individual psychological constructs with the decision to vaccinate against influenza. Future research might determine the impact of

27 CFR 24.270 - Determination of tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Determination of tax. 24.270 Section 24.270 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU... Determination of tax. The tax on wine is determined at the time of removal from a bonded wine premises for...

42 CFR 436.522 - Determination of age.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Determination of age. 436.522 Section 436.522... Requirements for Medicaid Eligibility Age § 436.522 Determination of age. (a) In determining age, the agency must use the common law method (under which an age is reached the day before the anniversary of birth...

42 CFR 436.522 - Determination of age.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Determination of age. 436.522 Section 436.522... Requirements for Medicaid Eligibility Age § 436.522 Determination of age. (a) In determining age, the agency must use the common law method (under which an age is reached the day before the anniversary of birth...

42 CFR 436.522 - Determination of age.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Determination of age. 436.522 Section 436.522... Requirements for Medicaid Eligibility Age § 436.522 Determination of age. (a) In determining age, the agency must use the common law method (under which an age is reached the day before the anniversary of birth...

42 CFR 436.522 - Determination of age.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Determination of age. 436.522 Section 436.522... Requirements for Medicaid Eligibility Age § 436.522 Determination of age. (a) In determining age, the agency must use the common law method (under which an age is reached the day before the anniversary of birth...

42 CFR 436.522 - Determination of age.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Determination of age. 436.522 Section 436.522... Requirements for Medicaid Eligibility Age § 436.522 Determination of age. (a) In determining age, the agency must use the common law method (under which an age is reached the day before the anniversary of birth...

Self-Determination: A Critical Component of Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Denney, Stephen C.; Daviso, Alfred W.

2012-01-01

Self-Determination is a central concept in special education practice and policy. Research indicates that students who possess specific self-determination skills have better outcomes and enhanced quality of life. Self-determination is a broad term and can be looked at in a variety of ways with differing values of importance. The concept of…

24 CFR 17.110 - Determination of indebtedness and appeal from determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... determination. (a) Following the hearing or the review of the record, the DAS or designee will issue a written decision which includes the supporting rationale for the decision. The decision of the DAS or designee is the final agency action with regard to the particular administrative offset. (b) Copies of the DAS...

28 CFR 32.54 - Director determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Director determination. 32.54 Section 32.54 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE PUBLIC SAFETY OFFICERS' DEATH, DISABILITY, AND EDUCATIONAL ASSISTANCE BENEFIT CLAIMS Director Appeals and Reviews § 32.54 Director determination. (a) Upon...

14 CFR 415.7 - Payload determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION LICENSING LAUNCH LICENSE General § 415.7 Payload determination. A payload determination is required for a launch license unless the proposed payload is exempt from payload review under § 415.53 of...

14 CFR 415.7 - Payload determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION LICENSING LAUNCH LICENSE General § 415.7 Payload determination. A payload determination is required for a launch license unless the proposed payload is exempt from payload review under § 415.53 of...

19 CFR 210.18 - Summary determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Summary determinations. 210.18 Section 210.18 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTIGATIONS OF UNFAIR PRACTICES IN IMPORT TRADE ADJUDICATION AND ENFORCEMENT Motions § 210.18 Summary determinations. (a) Motions for summary...

19 CFR 210.18 - Summary determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Summary determinations. 210.18 Section 210.18 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTIGATIONS OF UNFAIR PRACTICES IN IMPORT TRADE ADJUDICATION AND ENFORCEMENT Motions § 210.18 Summary determinations. (a) Motions for summary...

19 CFR 210.18 - Summary determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Summary determinations. 210.18 Section 210.18 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTIGATIONS OF UNFAIR PRACTICES IN IMPORT TRADE ADJUDICATION AND ENFORCEMENT Motions § 210.18 Summary determinations. (a) Motions for summary...

19 CFR 210.18 - Summary determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Summary determinations. 210.18 Section 210.18 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTIGATIONS OF UNFAIR PRACTICES IN IMPORT TRADE ADJUDICATION AND ENFORCEMENT Motions § 210.18 Summary determinations. (a) Motions for summary...

42 CFR 417.838 - Organization determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Organization determinations. 417.838 Section 417... (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS, AND HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Health Care Prepayment Plans § 417.838 Organization determinations. (a) Actions that are...

41 CFR 101-39.102 - Determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...-INTERAGENCY FLEET MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 39.1-Establishment, Modification, and Discontinuance of Interagency Fleet Management Systems § 101-39.102 Determinations. Each determination to establish a fleet management system... name of the executive agency designated to be responsible for operating the fleet management system and...

40 CFR 231.5 - Recommended determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Recommended determination. 231.5 Section 231.5 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) OCEAN DUMPING SECTION 404(c) PROCEDURES § 231.5 Recommended determination. (a) The Regional Administrator or his designee...

28 CFR 32.54 - Director determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Director determination. 32.54 Section 32.54 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE PUBLIC SAFETY OFFICERS' DEATH, DISABILITY, AND EDUCATIONAL ASSISTANCE BENEFIT CLAIMS Director Appeals and Reviews § 32.54 Director determination. (a) Upon...

40 CFR 231.5 - Recommended determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 24 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Recommended determination. 231.5 Section 231.5 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) OCEAN DUMPING SECTION 404(c) PROCEDURES § 231.5 Recommended determination. (a) The Regional Administrator or his designee...

50 CFR 296.9 - Initial determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Initial determination. 296.9 Section 296.9 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CONTINENTAL SHELF FISHERMEN'S CONTINGENCY FUND § 296.9 Initial determination. The...

Polarographic determination of tungsten in rocks

USGS Publications Warehouse

Reichen, L.E.

1954-01-01

This work was undertaken to develop a simpler and faster method than the classical gravimetric procedure for the determination of tungsten in rocks and ores. A new polarographic wave of tungsten is obtained in a supporting electrolyte of dilute hydrochloric acid containing tartrate ion. This permits the determination of tungsten both rapidly and accurately. No precipitation of the tungsten is necessary, and only the iron need be separated from the tungsten. The accuracy is within the limits of a polarographic procedure; comparison of polarographic and gravimetric results is given. The method reduces appreciably the amount of time ordinarily consumed in determination of tungsten.

Duonix Beatrice Determination Letter

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Determination letter in response to the petition from Duonix Beatrice, LP regarding their production process for biodiesel from non-food grade corn oil under the Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS) program.

42 CFR 423.643 - Effect of contract determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of contract determination. 423.643 Section 423.643 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Determinations and Appeals § 423.643 Effect of contract determination. The contract determination is final and...

42 CFR 405.1807 - Effect of intermediary determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of intermediary determination. 405.1807 Section 405.1807 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Determinations and Appeals § 405.1807 Effect of intermediary determination. The determination shall be final and...

7 CFR 51.2548 - Average moisture content determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Average moisture content determination. 51.2548... moisture content determination. (a) Determining average moisture content of the lot is not a requirement of... connection with grade analysis or as a separate determination. (b) Nuts shall be obtained from a randomly...

Methods for threshold determination in multiplexed assays

DOEpatents

Tammero, Lance F. Bentley; Dzenitis, John M; Hindson, Benjamin J

2014-06-24

Methods for determination of threshold values of signatures comprised in an assay are described. Each signature enables detection of a target. The methods determine a probability density function of negative samples and a corresponding false positive rate curve. A false positive criterion is established and a threshold for that signature is determined as a point at which the false positive rate curve intersects the false positive criterion. A method for quantitative analysis and interpretation of assay results together with a method for determination of a desired limit of detection of a signature in an assay are also described.

36 CFR 223.220 - Quantity determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Quantity determination. 223.220 Section 223.220 Parks, Forests, and Public Property FOREST SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SALE AND DISPOSAL OF NATIONAL FOREST SYSTEM TIMBER Special Forest Products § 223.220 Quantity determination...

38 CFR 75.116 - Secretary determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Secretary determination... (CONTINUED) INFORMATION SECURITY MATTERS Data Breaches § 75.116 Secretary determination. (a) Upon receipt of a risk analysis prepared under this subpart, the Secretary will consider the findings and other...

38 CFR 75.116 - Secretary determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Secretary determination... (CONTINUED) INFORMATION SECURITY MATTERS Data Breaches § 75.116 Secretary determination. (a) Upon receipt of a risk analysis prepared under this subpart, the Secretary will consider the findings and other...

38 CFR 75.116 - Secretary determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Secretary determination... (CONTINUED) INFORMATION SECURITY MATTERS Data Breaches § 75.116 Secretary determination. (a) Upon receipt of a risk analysis prepared under this subpart, the Secretary will consider the findings and other...

38 CFR 75.116 - Secretary determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Secretary determination... (CONTINUED) INFORMATION SECURITY MATTERS Data Breaches § 75.116 Secretary determination. (a) Upon receipt of a risk analysis prepared under this subpart, the Secretary will consider the findings and other...

40 CFR 68.115 - Threshold determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Threshold determination. 68.115 Section 68.115 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Regulated Substances for Accidental Release Prevention § 68.115 Threshold determination. (a) A threshold...

40 CFR 68.115 - Threshold determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Threshold determination. 68.115 Section 68.115 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Regulated Substances for Accidental Release Prevention § 68.115 Threshold determination. (a) A threshold...

40 CFR 68.115 - Threshold determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Threshold determination. 68.115 Section 68.115 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Regulated Substances for Accidental Release Prevention § 68.115 Threshold determination. (a) A threshold...

40 CFR 68.115 - Threshold determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Threshold determination. 68.115 Section 68.115 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Regulated Substances for Accidental Release Prevention § 68.115 Threshold determination. (a) A threshold...

50 CFR 296.11 - Final determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Final determination. 296.11 Section 296.11 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CONTINENTAL SHELF FISHERMEN'S CONTINGENCY FUND § 296.11 Final determination. (a) If a...

The determinants of the antibiotic resistance process

PubMed Central

Franco, Beatriz Espinosa; Altagracia Martínez, Marina; Sánchez Rodríguez, Martha A; Wertheimer, Albert I

2009-01-01

Background: The use of antibiotic drugs triggers a complex interaction involving many biological, sociological, and psychological determinants. Resistance to antibiotics is a serious worldwide problem which is increasing and has implications for morbidity, mortality, and health care both in hospitals and in the community. Objectives: To analyze current research on the determinants of antibiotic resistance and comprehensively review the main factors in the process of resistance in order to aid our understanding and assessment of this problem. Methods: We conducted a MedLine search using the key words “determinants”, “antibiotic”, and “antibiotic resistance” to identify publications between 1995 and 2007 on the determinants of antibiotic resistance. Publications that did not address the determinants of antibiotic resistance were excluded. Results: The process and determinants of antibiotic resistance are described, beginning with the development of antibiotics, resistance and the mechanisms of resistance, sociocultural determinants of resistance, the consequences of antibiotic resistance, and alternative measures proposed to combat antibiotic resistance. Conclusions: Analysis of the published literature identified the main determinants of antibiotic resistance as irrational use of antibiotics in humans and animal species, insufficient patient education when antibiotics are prescribed, lack of guidelines for treatment and control of infections, lack of scientific information for physicians on the rational use of antibiotics, and lack of official government policy on the rational use of antibiotics in public and private hospitals. PMID:21694883

48 CFR 2806.302-70 - Determination and findings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Determination and findings... Determination and findings. (a) Procedure. The determination and findings (D&F) required by FAR 6.302.7(c)(1... Determination and Findings Authority To Use Other Than Full and Open Competition: Upon the basis of the...

Determination of JWL Parameters for Non-Ideal Explosive

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamashima, H.; Kato, Y.; Itoh, S.

2004-07-01

JWL equation of state is widely used in numerical simulation of detonation phenomena. JWL parameters are determined by cylinder test. Detonation characteristics of non-ideal explosive depend strongly on confinement, and JWL parameters determined by cylinder test do not represent the state of detonation products in many applications. We developed a method to determine JWL parameters from the underwater explosion test. JWL parameters were determined through a method of characteristics applied to the configuration of the underwater shock waves of cylindrical explosives. The numerical results obtained using JWL parameters determined by the underwater explosion test and those obtained using JWL parameters determined by cylinder test were compared with experimental results for typical non-ideal explosive; emulsion explosive. Good agreement was confirmed between the results obtained using JWL parameters determined by the underwater explosion test and experimental results.

Information Measures for Statistical Orbit Determination

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mashiku, Alinda K.

2013-01-01

The current Situational Space Awareness (SSA) is faced with a huge task of tracking the increasing number of space objects. The tracking of space objects requires frequent and accurate monitoring for orbit maintenance and collision avoidance using methods for statistical orbit determination. Statistical orbit determination enables us to obtain…

24 CFR 990.225 - Transition determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... DEVELOPMENT THE PUBLIC HOUSING OPERATING FUND PROGRAM Transition Policy and Transition Funding § 990.225 Transition determination. The determination of the amount and period of the transition funding shall be based... effect prior to implementation of the formula set forth in this part. The difference in subsidy levels...

24 CFR 990.225 - Transition determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... DEVELOPMENT THE PUBLIC HOUSING OPERATING FUND PROGRAM Transition Policy and Transition Funding § 990.225 Transition determination. The determination of the amount and period of the transition funding shall be based... effect prior to implementation of the formula set forth in this part. The difference in subsidy levels...

24 CFR 990.225 - Transition determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... DEVELOPMENT THE PUBLIC HOUSING OPERATING FUND PROGRAM Transition Policy and Transition Funding § 990.225 Transition determination. The determination of the amount and period of the transition funding shall be based... effect prior to implementation of the formula set forth in this part. The difference in subsidy levels...

30 CFR 57.5061 - Compliance determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Compliance determinations. 57.5061 Section 57....5061 Compliance determinations. (a) MSHA will use a single sample collected and analyzed by the... for the measurement of DPM. (c) The Secretary will use full-shift personal sampling for compliance...

7 CFR 1437.102 - Yield determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Determining Yield Coverage Using Actual Production History § 1437.102 Yield determinations. (a) An actual... used in the actual production history base period when less than four consecutive crop years of actual... calculated, in the actual production history base period when the producer reports acreage for the crop but...

10 CFR 1707.206 - Final determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Final determination. 1707.206 Section 1707.206 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD TESTIMONY BY DNFSB EMPLOYEES AND PRODUCTION OF OFFICIAL RECORDS IN LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Requests for Testimony and Production of Documents § 1707.206 Final determination. The...

10 CFR 1707.206 - Final determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Final determination. 1707.206 Section 1707.206 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD TESTIMONY BY DNFSB EMPLOYEES AND PRODUCTION OF OFFICIAL RECORDS IN LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Requests for Testimony and Production of Documents § 1707.206 Final determination. The...

10 CFR 1707.206 - Final determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Final determination. 1707.206 Section 1707.206 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD TESTIMONY BY DNFSB EMPLOYEES AND PRODUCTION OF OFFICIAL RECORDS IN LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Requests for Testimony and Production of Documents § 1707.206 Final determination. The...

10 CFR 1707.206 - Final determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Final determination. 1707.206 Section 1707.206 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD TESTIMONY BY DNFSB EMPLOYEES AND PRODUCTION OF OFFICIAL RECORDS IN LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Requests for Testimony and Production of Documents § 1707.206 Final determination. The...

10 CFR 1707.206 - Final determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Final determination. 1707.206 Section 1707.206 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD TESTIMONY BY DNFSB EMPLOYEES AND PRODUCTION OF OFFICIAL RECORDS IN LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Requests for Testimony and Production of Documents § 1707.206 Final determination. The...

Determining Enzyme Activity by Radial Diffusion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, Bill D.

1977-01-01

Discusses advantages of radial diffusion assay in determining presence of enzyme and/or rough approximation of amount of enzyme activities. Procedures are included for the preparation of starch-agar plates, and the application and determination of enzyme. Techniques using plant materials (homogenates, tissues, ungerminated embryos, and seedlings)…

7 CFR 1437.102 - Yield determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Determining Yield Coverage Using Actual Production History § 1437.102 Yield determinations. (a) An actual... used in the actual production history base period when less than four consecutive crop years of actual... calculated, in the actual production history base period when the producer reports acreage for the crop but...

7 CFR 1437.102 - Yield determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Determining Yield Coverage Using Actual Production History § 1437.102 Yield determinations. (a) An actual... used in the actual production history base period when less than four consecutive crop years of actual... calculated, in the actual production history base period when the producer reports acreage for the crop but...

Polygenic Sex Determination System in Zebrafish

PubMed Central

Liew, Woei Chang; Bartfai, Richard; Lim, Zijie; Sreenivasan, Rajini; Siegfried, Kellee R.; Orban, Laszlo

2012-01-01

Background Despite the popularity of zebrafish as a research model, its sex determination (SD) mechanism is still unknown. Most cytogenetic studies failed to find dimorphic sex chromosomes and no primary sex determining switch has been identified even though the assembly of zebrafish genome sequence is near to completion and a high resolution genetic map is available. Recent publications suggest that environmental factors within the natural range have minimal impact on sex ratios of zebrafish populations. The primary aim of this study is to find out more about how sex is determined in zebrafish. Methodology/Principal Findings Using classical breeding experiments, we found that sex ratios across families were wide ranging (4.8% to 97.3% males). On the other hand, repeated single pair crossings produced broods of very similar sex ratios, indicating that parental genotypes have a role in the sex ratio of the offspring. Variation among family sex ratios was reduced after selection for breeding pairs with predominantly male or female offspring, another indication that zebrafish sex is regulated genetically. Further examinations by a PCR-based “blind assay" and array comparative genomic hybridization both failed to find universal sex-linked differences between the male and female genomes. Together with the ability to increase the sex bias of lines by selective breeding, these data suggest that zebrafish is unlikely to utilize a chromosomal sex determination (CSD) system. Conclusions/Significance Taken together, our study suggests that zebrafish sex is genetically determined with limited, secondary influences from the environment. As we have not found any sign for CSD in the species, we propose that the zebrafish has a polygenic sex determination system. PMID:22506019

76 FR 79225 - 2002 Reopened-Previously Denied Determinations; Notice of Negative Determinations on...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-21

... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria... Department's Web site at tradeact/taa/taa-- search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations...

76 FR 81990 - 2002 Reopened-Previously Denied Determinations; Notice of Negative Determinations on...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-29

... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria... Department's Web site at tradeact/taa/taa-- search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations...

77 FR 3506 - 2002 Reopened-Previously Denied Determinations; Notice of Negative Determinations on...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-24

... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria... Department's Web site at tradeact/taa/taa-- search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations...

76 FR 77558 - 2002 Reopened-Previously Denied Determinations; Notice of Negative Determinations on...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-13

... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria... at tradeact/taa/taa--search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations or by calling...

Determination of color of turbid waters

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lamar, W.L.

1949-01-01

A convenient procedure for determining the color of turbid waters, using the principle of precipitation of turbidity by the electrolyte calcium chloride, is described. Because the stable turbidity of many surface waters cannot be completely precipitated by conventional centrifuging alone, this procedure presents a means of flocculating the turbidity without affecting the true color of the water. In the determination of true color of turbid samples one of the most prevalent errors is caused by the reading of color on samples not completely free of turbidity. Pertinent data are presented on color and turbidity of waters as related to the principles involved in the determination of color.

Asymptotics of Determinants of Bessel Operators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Basor, Estelle L.; Ehrhardt, Torsten

For aL∞(+)∩L1(+) the truncated Bessel operator Bτ(a) is the integral operator acting on L2[0,τ] with the kernel where Jν stands for the Bessel function with ν>-1. In this paper we determine the asymptotics of the determinant det(I+Bτ(a)) as τ-->∞ for sufficiently smooth functions a for which a(x)≠1 for all x[0,∞). The asymptotic formula is of the form det(I+Bτ(a)) GτE with certain constants G and E, and thus similar to the well-known Szegö-Akhiezer-Kac formula for truncated Wiener-Hopf determinants.

The Variety of Vertebrate Mechanisms of Sex Determination

PubMed Central

Trukhina, Antonina V.; Lukina, Natalia A.; Wackerow-Kouzova, Natalia D.; Smirnov, Alexander F.

2013-01-01

The review deals with features of sex determination in vertebrates. The mechanisms of sex determination are compared between fishes, amphibians, reptilians, birds, and mammals. We focus on structural and functional differences in the role of sex-determining genes in different vertebrates. Special attention is paid to the role of estrogens in sex determination in nonmammalian vertebrates. PMID:24369014

The variety of vertebrate mechanisms of sex determination.

PubMed

Trukhina, Antonina V; Lukina, Natalia A; Wackerow-Kouzova, Natalia D; Smirnov, Alexander F

2013-01-01

The review deals with features of sex determination in vertebrates. The mechanisms of sex determination are compared between fishes, amphibians, reptilians, birds, and mammals. We focus on structural and functional differences in the role of sex-determining genes in different vertebrates. Special attention is paid to the role of estrogens in sex determination in nonmammalian vertebrates.

[What are the determinants of childhood obesity? : A literature review as part of the project "Nationwide Monitoring of Childhood Obesity Determinants"].

PubMed

Zeiher, Johannes; Varnaccia, Gianni; Jordan, Susanne; Lange, Cornelia

2016-11-01

Obesity can impair health even in childhood and unfold negative health consequences through an individual's lifespan. In Germany, to date, a systematic and periodically updated synopsis of the multifaceted determinants of childhood obesity is lacking. In this paper, we present the results of a systematic literature review on childhood obesity determinants, which was conducted over the course of the implementation of nationwide monitoring. The review was carried out in three steps. Initially, a search for etiological models of childhood obesity was conducted. Based on these results, a systematic review of reviews on childhood obesity determinants was carried out. Finally, the results were verified by taking international guidelines on childhood obesity into account. In total, 21 etiological models, 75 reviews and 7 guidelines were identified. Over 60 determinants were extracted from these publications and were summarized into the following categories: nutritional behavior, physical activity behavior, sleeping pattern, biological determinants and diseases, prenatal and early childhood determinants, psycho-social determinants, food environment, moveability/walkability, setting and social environment, health promotion and prevention, socioeconomic, demographic, and sociocultural determinants. This review demonstrates the complex patterns of childhood obesity determinants in correspondence with a socio-ecological approach. The review will form the basis for the monitoring-system "Nationwide Monitoring of Childhood Obesity Determinants", which will be implemented at the Robert Koch Institute by the end of 2017.

12 CFR 404.8 - Initial determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Initial determination. 404.8 Section 404.8 Banks and Banking EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES INFORMATION DISCLOSURE Procedures for Disclosure of Records Under the Freedom of Information Act. § 404.8 Initial determination. (a) Authority to...

Determination of Movement Sense in Mylonites.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simpson, Carol

1986-01-01

Describes how mylonite samples can be used to determine the sense of shear. Several sample collection techniques are presented. Criteria for shear sense determination are outlined and discussed so that they can be recognized and interpreted by students familiar with the use of a compass and a petrographic microscope. (TW)

Structure of catalase determined by MicroED

PubMed Central

Nannenga, Brent L; Shi, Dan; Hattne, Johan; Reyes, Francis E; Gonen, Tamir

2014-01-01

MicroED is a recently developed method that uses electron diffraction for structure determination from very small three-dimensional crystals of biological material. Previously we used a series of still diffraction patterns to determine the structure of lysozyme at 2.9 Å resolution with MicroED (Shi et al., 2013). Here we present the structure of bovine liver catalase determined from a single crystal at 3.2 Å resolution by MicroED. The data were collected by continuous rotation of the sample under constant exposure and were processed and refined using standard programs for X-ray crystallography. The ability of MicroED to determine the structure of bovine liver catalase, a protein that has long resisted atomic analysis by traditional electron crystallography, demonstrates the potential of this method for structure determination. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03600.001 PMID:25303172

Determination of notochord cells of Xenopus laevis.

PubMed

Zeng, M B

1993-12-01

In amphibians, numerous works of influences of the notochord on neighbouring tissues have been accumulated. However, on the contrary, scarcely any work is known about how the notochord is influenced by its neighbouring tissues and how it is determined. By using the experimental method of explantation and culturing in vitro, how the notochord is determined in the early development and whether the neighbouring tissues exert influences on it have been investigated. The results showed that the determination of notochord is a progressive process and the presumptive notochord of Xenopus appears to be a very good material to study influences of neighbouring tissues on the determination of the notochord.

77 FR 13356 - 2002 Reopened-Previously Denied Determinations; Notice of Negative Determinations on...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-06

... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria.../taa/taa-- search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations or by calling the Office of...

77 FR 9974 - 2002 Reopened-Previously Denied Determinations; Notice of Negative Determinations On...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-21

... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria.../taa--search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations or by calling the Office of Trade...

Environmental sex determination mechanisms in reptiles.

PubMed

Merchant-Larios, H; Díaz-Hernández, V

2013-01-01

Temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) was first discovered in reptiles. Since then, a great diversity of sex-determining responses to temperature has been reported. Higher temperatures can produce either males or females, and the temperature ranges and lengths of exposure that influence TSD are remarkably variable among species. In addition, transitory gene regulatory networks leading to gonadal TSD have evolved. Although most genes involved in gonadal development are conserved in vertebrates, including TSD species, temporal and spatial gene expression patterns vary among species. Despite variation in TSD pattern and gene expression heterochrony, the structural framework, the medullary cords, and cortex of the bipotential gonad have been strongly conserved. Aromatase (CYP19), which regulates gonadal estrogen levels, is proposed to be the main target of a putative thermosensitive factor for TSD. However, manipulation of estrogen levels rarely mimics the precise timing of temperature effects on expression of gonadal genes, as occurs with TSD. Estrogen levels may influence sex determination or gonad differentiation depending on the species. Furthermore, the process leading to sex determination under the influence of temperature poses problems that are not encountered by species with genetic sex determination. Yolk steroids of maternal origin and steroids produced by the embryonic nervous system should also be considered as sources of hormones that may play a role in TSD. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.

43 CFR 11.81 - Damage determination phase-restoration and compensation determination plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Interior NATURAL RESOURCE DAMAGE ASSESSMENTS Type B Procedures § 11.81 Damage determination phase... for (i) the restoration or rehabilitation of the injured natural resources to a condition where they... equivalent natural resources capable of providing such services, and, where relevant, the compensable value...

43 CFR 11.81 - Damage determination phase-restoration and compensation determination plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Interior NATURAL RESOURCE DAMAGE ASSESSMENTS Type B Procedures § 11.81 Damage determination phase... for (i) the restoration or rehabilitation of the injured natural resources to a condition where they... equivalent natural resources capable of providing such services, and, where relevant, the compensable value...

7 CFR 1499.3 - Eligibility determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... determination. (a) An entity will be eligible to become a participant only after FAS determines that the entity... whether the entity is financially responsible, FAS may require it to submit corporate policies and... located in the United States with respect to which service of judicial process may be obtained by FAS on...

12 CFR 404.15 - Initial determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Initial determination. 404.15 Section 404.15 Banks and Banking EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES INFORMATION DISCLOSURE Access to Records Under the Privacy Act of 1974 § 404.15 Initial determination. (a) Time for processing. The Freedom of...

12 CFR 572.8 - Determination fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Determination fees. 572.8 Section 572.8 Banks... FLOOD HAZARDS § 572.8 Determination fees. (a) General. Notwithstanding any Federal or State law other... association, or a servicer acting on behalf of the savings association, may charge a reasonable fee for...

12 CFR 760.8 - Determination fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Determination fees. 760.8 Section 760.8 Banks... HAVING SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARDS § 760.8 Determination fees. (a) General. Notwithstanding any Federal or... credit union, or a servicer acting on behalf of the credit union, may charge a reasonable fee for...

38 CFR 75.116 - Secretary determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Secretary determination. 75.116 Section 75.116 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS (CONTINUED) INFORMATION SECURITY MATTERS Data Breaches § 75.116 Secretary determination. (a) Upon receipt of a risk analysis prepared under this subpart, th...

7 CFR 51.1416 - Optional determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... throughout the lot. (a) Edible kernel content. A minimum sample of at least 500 grams of in-shell pecans shall be used for determination of edible kernel content. After the sample is weighed and shelled... determine edible kernel content for the lot. (b) Poorly developed kernel content. A minimum sample of at...

42 CFR 488.26 - Determining compliance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Determining compliance. 488.26 Section 488.26... § 488.26 Determining compliance. (a) Additional rules for certification of compliance for SNFs and NFs are set forth in § 488.330. (b) The decision as to whether there is compliance with a particular...

β-Catenin Dosage Is a Critical Determinant of Tracheal Basal Cell Fate Determination

PubMed Central

Brechbuhl, Heather M.; Ghosh, Moumita; Smith, Mary Kathryn; Smith, Russell W.; Li, Bilan; Hicks, Douglas A.; Cole, Brook B.; Reynolds, Paul R.; Reynolds, Susan D.

2011-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine whether β-catenin regulates basal cell fate determination in the mouse trachea. Analysis of TOPGal transgene reporter activity and Wnt/β-catenin pathway gene expression suggested a role for β-catenin in basal cell proliferation and differentiation after naphthalene-mediated Clara-like and ciliated cell depletion. However, these basal cell activities occurred simultaneously, limiting precise determination of the role(s) played by β-catenin. This issue was overcome by analysis of β-catenin signaling in tracheal air-liquid interface cultures. The cultures could be divided into two phases: basal cell proliferation and basal cell differentiation. A role for β-catenin in basal cell proliferation was indicated by activation of the TOPGal transgene on proliferation days 3 to 5 and by transient expression of Myc (alias c-myc). Another peak of TOPGal transgene activity was detected on differentiation days 2 to 10 and was associated with the expression of Axin 2. These results suggest a role for β-catenin in basal to ciliated and basal to Clara-like cell differentiation. Genetic stabilization of β-catenin in basal cells shortened the period of basal cell proliferation but had a minor effect on this process. Persistent β-catenin signaling regulated basal cell fate by driving the generation of ciliated cells and preventing the production of Clara-like cells. PMID:21703416

20 CFR 418.3605 - What is an initial determination?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Subsidies Determinations and the Administrative Review Process § 418.3605 What is an initial determination? Initial determinations are the determinations we make that are subject to administrative and judicial... conclusions. Examples of initial determinations that are subject to administrative and judicial review include...

Sex determination in mythology and history.

PubMed

Mittwoch, Ursula

2005-02-01

The history of ideas on how the sexes became divided spans at least three thousand years. The biblical account of the origin of Eve, and the opinions of the philosophers of classical Greece, have unexpected bearings on present-day ideas. The scientific study of sex determination can be said to have begun in the 17th century with the discovery of spermatozoa, but the origin and function of the "spermatic animalcules" eluded investigators until 1841. The mammalian egg was discovered in 1827, and in the last quarter of the century fertilization was observed. The view current at that time, that sex determination was under environmental control, gave way to the idea of chromosomal determination in the first quarter of the 20th century. The study of human and other mammalian chromosomes during the third quarter of the century, and the discovery of sex-chromosome abnormalities, emphasized the importance of the Y chromosome for male sex determination. The last quarter of the century witnessed a hunt for the "testis-determining" gene, thought to be responsible for the differentiation of Sertoli cells, and culminating in the isolation of SRY (Sry in the mouse). However, an increasing number of additional genes and growth factors were found to be required for the establishment of male sex. During the same period evidence emerged that male development was accompanied by enhanced growth, both of gonads and whole embryos. An unexpected finding was the demonstration of temperature-dependent sex determination in reptiles. With the advent of the 21st century, it was shown that Sry induces cell proliferation in fetal mouse gonads, and it has been suggested that male sex differentiation in mammals requires a higher metabolic rate. These insights could lead to a better understanding and improved treatment of abnormalities of sexual development.

On the Determination of the Orbits of Comets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Englefield, Henry

2013-06-01

Preface; 1. General view of the method; 2. On the motion of the point of intersection of the radius vector and cord; 3. On the comparison of the parabolic cord with the space which answers to the mean velocity of the earth in the same time; 4. Of the reduction of the second longitude of the comet; 5. On the proportion of the three curtate distances of the comet from the earth; 6. Of the graphical declination of the orbit of the earth; 7. Of the numerical quantities to be prepared for the construction or computation of the comet's orbit; 8. Determination of the distances of the comet from the earth and the sun; 9. Determination of the elements of the orbit from the determined distances; 10. Determination of the place of the comet from the earth and sun; 11. Determination of the distances of the comet from the earth and sun; 12. Determination of the comet's orbit; 13. Determination of the place of the comet; 14. Application of the graphical method to the comet of 1769; 15. Application of the distances found; 16. Determination of the place of the comet, for another given time; 17. Application of the trigonometrical method to the comet of 1769; 18. Determination of the elements of the orbit of the comet of 1769; Example of the graphical operation for the orbit of the comet of 1769; Example of the trigonometrical operation for the orbit of the comet of 1769; Conclusion; La Place's general method for determining the orbits of comets; Determination of the two elements of the orbit; Application of La Place's method of finding the approximate perihelion distance; Application of La Place's method for correcting the orbit of a comet, to the comet of 1769; Explanation and use of the tables; Tables; Appendix; Plates.

Demagnetization using a determined estimated magnetic state

DOEpatents

Denis, Ronald J; Makowski, Nathanael J

2015-01-13

A method for demagnetizing comprising positioning a core within the electromagnetic field generated by a first winding until the generated first electrical current is not substantially increasing, thereby determining a saturation current. A second voltage, having the opposite polarity, is then applied across the first winding until the generated second electrical current is approximately equal to the magnitude of the determined saturation current. The maximum magnetic flux within the core is then determined using the voltage across said first winding and the second current. A third voltage, having the opposite polarity, is then applied across the first winding until the core has a magnetic flux equal to approximately half of the determined maximum magnetic flux within the core.

The determinants of hardwood lumber price

Treesearch

William G. Luppold; Jennifer M. Jacobsen; Jennifer M. Jacobsen

1985-01-01

Econometric equations were estimated to determine the effects of domestic foreign hardwood lumber demands on oak and hardwood lumber prices. Oak price seemed to be more sensitive to changes in exports than overall hardwood lumber price. However, the main determinants of hardwood lumber and oak lumber prices were found to be domestic demand and millstock levels.

40 CFR 2.207 - Class determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Confidentiality of Business Information § 2.207 Class determinations. (a) The General Counsel may make and issue a... items of business information; (2) One or more characteristics common to all such items of information... § 2.204(b)(1), § 2.204(d), § 2.205(d), or § 2.206. However, the existence of a class determination...

What determines the fruit and vegetables intake of primary school children? - An analysis of personal and social determinants.

PubMed

Haß, Julia; Hartmann, Monika

2018-01-01

The high prevalence of childhood obesity is a major concern in developed and developing countries. An increase in fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake is perceived as one of the numerous strategies to prevent and reduce the risk of adiposity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relevance of personal and social determinants in explaining children's F&V intake. Written questionnaire data were collected from 702 parent-child pairs that included 3rd and 4th graders (aged 7 to 10) and their parents. Children's F&V intake was recorded over three food records. Hierarchical linear regression models were applied to assess the impact of personal and social determinants on children's F&V intake. Regression models focusing on personal and social determinants revealed that the most promising personal determinants pertained to the knowledge of different types of F&V and preferences for F&V. Moreover, an exclusive focus on social determinants indicated that parental modeling and peer influence had significant and positive relationships with children's F&V intake, whereas verbal directives to eat F&V exhibited a significant and negative relationship. In combination, the following four personal and social determinants were demonstrated to be significant: knowledge of different types of F&V, preferences for F&V and parental modeling, all of which had positive relationships, and verbal directives to eat F&V, which had a negative impact. The results identify important associative determinants of children's F&V intake. These are in part personal and in part social and are shown by our analysis to be of equal and perhaps mutual importance. Therefore, we suggest that interventions aimed at improving children's F&V intake should address children's preferences for F&V, impart knowledge concerning the variety of F&V and encourage parents to act as role models. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Ultrasonic material property determinations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Serabian, S.

1986-01-01

The use and potential offered by ultrasonic velocity and attenuation measurements to determine and/or monitor material properties is explored. The basis for such unique measurements along with examples of materials from a variety of industries are presented.

Determination of intracellular nitrate.

PubMed Central

Romero, J M; Lara, C; Guerrero, M G

1989-01-01

A sensitive procedure has been developed for the determination of intracellular nitrate. The method includes: (i) preparation of cell lysates in 2 M-H3PO4 after separation of cells from the outer medium by rapid centrifugation through a layer of silicone oil, and (ii) subsequent nitrate analysis by ion-exchange h.p.l.c. with, as mobile phase, a solution containing 50 mM-H3PO4 and 2% (v/v) tetrahydrofuran, adjusted to pH 1.9 with NaOH. The determination of nitrate is subjected to interference by chloride and sulphate when present in the samples at high concentrations. Nitrite also interferes, but it is easily eliminated by treatment of the samples with sulphamic acid. The method has been successfully applied to the study of nitrate transport in the unicellular cyanobacterium Anacystis nidulans. PMID:2497740

Rate determination from vector observations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Weiss, Jerold L.

1993-01-01

Vector observations are a common class of attitude data provided by a wide variety of attitude sensors. Attitude determination from vector observations is a well-understood process and numerous algorithms such as the TRIAD algorithm exist. These algorithms require measurement of the line of site (LOS) vector to reference objects and knowledge of the LOS directions in some predetermined reference frame. Once attitude is determined, it is a simple matter to synthesize vehicle rate using some form of lead-lag filter, and then, use it for vehicle stabilization. Many situations arise, however, in which rate knowledge is required but knowledge of the nominal LOS directions are not available. This paper presents two methods for determining spacecraft angular rates from vector observations without a priori knowledge of the vector directions. The first approach uses an extended Kalman filter with a spacecraft dynamic model and a kinematic model representing the motion of the observed LOS vectors. The second approach uses a 'differential' TRIAD algorithm to compute the incremental direction cosine matrix, from which vehicle rate is then derived.

The determinants of policy for population health.

PubMed

Fox, Daniel M

2006-10-01

Many advocates of policy to implement the findings of research on the multiple determinants of health accord scant attention to the determinants of health policy in democratic countries. The principle determinants of the allocation of scarce resources to improving health include: the priorities of voters; the diffusion of responsibility for improving health; the absence of evidence about matters of consequence to policy makers; the arraying of some evidence in ways that frustrate policy making; resistance to addressing determinants other than clinical services and traditional public health practices among many professionals in these fields, as well as by industries that supply the health sector; and the special political influence of persons who suffer serious chronic disease and of members of their families.

Determinant of securitization asset pricing in Malaysia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bakri, M. H.; Ali, R.; Ismail, S.; Sufian, F.; Baharom, A. H.

2014-12-01

Malaysian firms have been reported involve in Asset Back Securities since 1986s where Cagamas is a pioneer. This research aims to examine the factor influencing primary market spread. Least square method and regression analysis are applied for the study period 2004-2012. The result shows one determinants in internal regression model and three determinants in external regression influence or contribute to the primary market spread and are statistically significant in developing the securitization in Malaysia. It can be concluded that transaction size significantly contribute to the determinant primary market spread in internal regression model while liquidity, transaction size and crisis is significant in both regression model. From five hypotheses, three hypotheses support that the determinants have a relationship with primary market spread.

Determining Glutathione Levels in Plants.

PubMed

Sahoo, Smita; Awasthi, Jay Prakash; Sunkar, Ramanjulu; Panda, Sanjib Kumar

2017-01-01

Upon exposure to abiotic stresses, plants tend to accumulate excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that inturn react with cellular lipids, proteins, and DNA. Therefore, decreasing ROS accumulation is indispensible to survive under stress, which is accomplished by inducing enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense pathways. Glutathione, particularly reduced glutathione (GSH), represents a principal anitioxidant that could decrease ROS through scavenging them directly or indirectly through ascorbate-glutathione cycle or GSH peroxidases. Glutathione content can be determined using HPLC or spectrophotometric assays. In this chapter, we provided detailed assays to determine total, reduced, and oxidized gluathione using spectrophotometric method.

Vertebrate sex-determining genes play musical chairs

PubMed Central

Pan, Qiaowei; Anderson, Jennifer; Bertho, Sylvain; Herpin, Amaury; Wilson, Catherine; Postlethwait, John H.; Schartl, Manfred; Guiguen, Yann

2017-01-01

Sexual reproduction is one of the most highly conserved processes in evolution. However, the genetic and cellular mechanisms making the decision of whether the undifferentiated gonad of animal embryos develops either towards male or female are manifold and quite diverse. In vertebrates, sex-determining mechanisms range from environmental to simple or complex genetic mechanisms and different mechanisms have evolved repeatedly and independently. In species with simple genetic sex-determination, master sex-determining genes lying on sex chromosomes drive the gonadal differentiation process by switching on a developmental program, which ultimately leads to testicular or ovarian differentiation. So far, very few sex-determining genes have been identified in vertebrates and apart from mammals and birds, these genes are apparently not conserved over a larger number of related orders, families, genera, or even species. To fill this knowledge gap and to better explore genetic sex-determination, we propose a strategy (RAD-Sex) that makes use of next-generation sequencing technology to identify genetic markers that define sex-specific segments of the male or female genome. PMID:27291506

42 CFR 405.1202 - Expedited determination procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Reconsiderations of Provider Service Terminations, and Procedures for Inpatient Hospital Discharges § 405.1202... exercise the right to an expedited determination must submit a request for a determination to the QIO in...

49 CFR 384.309 - Results of compliance determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Results of compliance determination. 384.309 Section 384.309 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... Results of compliance determination. (a) A State shall be determined not substantially in compliance with...

49 CFR 384.309 - Results of compliance determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Results of compliance determination. 384.309 Section 384.309 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... Results of compliance determination. (a) A State shall be determined not substantially in compliance with...

49 CFR 384.309 - Results of compliance determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Results of compliance determination. 384.309 Section 384.309 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... Results of compliance determination. (a) A State shall be determined not substantially in compliance with...

49 CFR 384.309 - Results of compliance determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Results of compliance determination. 384.309 Section 384.309 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... Results of compliance determination. (a) A State shall be determined not substantially in compliance with...

49 CFR 384.309 - Results of compliance determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Results of compliance determination. 384.309 Section 384.309 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR... Results of compliance determination. (a) A State shall be determined not substantially in compliance with...

76 FR 68830 - Railroad Revenue Adequacy-2010 Determination

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-07

...)] Railroad Revenue Adequacy--2010 Determination AGENCY: Surface Transportation Board, DOT. ACTION: Notice of... determinations for the Nation's Class I railroads. One carrier, Union Pacific Railroad Company, was found to be... required to make an annual determination of railroad revenue adequacy. A railroad is considered revenue...

Experimental methods of determining thermal properties of granite

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Determination of thermal properties of granite using the block method is discussed and compared with other methods. Problems that limit the accuracy of contact method in determining thermal properties of porous media are evaluated. Thermal properties of granite is determined in the laboratory with a...

48 CFR 617.503 - Determination and findings requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Determination and findings requirements. 617.503 Section 617.503 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF STATE CONTRACTING....503 Determination and findings requirements. The authority to make the determination prescribed in FAR...

18 CFR 270.505 - Procedure for reopening determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Procedure for reopening determinations. 270.505 Section 270.505 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY PROCEDURES GOVERNING DETERMINATIONS FOR TAX CREDIT PURPOSES DETERMINATION...

44 CFR 67.11 - Notice of final determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INSURANCE AND HAZARD MITIGATION National Flood Insurance Program APPEALS FROM PROPOSED FLOOD ELEVATION DETERMINATIONS § 67.11 Notice of final determination. The Federal Insurance Administrator's notice of the final flood elevation determination for a community shall be in written form and...

44 CFR 67.11 - Notice of final determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INSURANCE AND HAZARD MITIGATION National Flood Insurance Program APPEALS FROM PROPOSED FLOOD ELEVATION DETERMINATIONS § 67.11 Notice of final determination. The Federal Insurance Administrator's notice of the final flood elevation determination for a community shall be in written form and...

Social determinants of health in epilepsy.

PubMed

Szaflarski, Magdalena

2014-12-01

Social factors have been identified as key drivers of epilepsy care, outcomes, and disparities, but there is a limited understanding of what these factors are and how they translate into disparities. This targeted review provides an overview of the social determinants of health framework and applies this perspective to the literature about social and psychosocial factors in epilepsy; a social determinants of health--epilepsy model is proposed. The key social determinants of health in epilepsy include socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, age, and gender. For example, low socioeconomic status and minority status have been associated with a higher risk of epilepsy, more hospitalizations and emergency room visits (versus neurology services), antiepileptic drug nonadherence, and a lower rate of epilepsy surgery. Such differences in care/treatment and outcomes translate into health disparities, many of which are considered unjust (inequitable) and modifiable through social action. Other social determinants of health include structural and sociocultural contextual conditions (e.g., health economy, policy, and social stigma/discrimination) and mediating mechanisms including material (e.g., housing), behavioral/biological (e.g., adherence), psychosocial (e.g., perceived stigma), and health system (e.g., access) factors. There are complex relationships among social determinants of health in epilepsy, which remain poorly understood and hamper efforts to address and eliminate disparities in epilepsy care and outcomes. Further empirical work grounded in sound theory and robust methodologies is needed to identify points of intervention and design effective and socially acceptable solutions to any pervasive disparities in epilepsy. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Improved Determination of the Neutron Lifetime

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yue, A.

2013-10-01

The most precise determination of the neutron lifetime using the beam method reported a result of τn = (886 . 3 +/- 3 . 4) s. The dominant uncertainties were attributed to the absolute determination of the fluence of the neutron beam (2.7 s). The fluence was determined with a monitor that counted the neutron-induced charged particles from absorption in a thin, well-characterized 6Li deposit. The detection efficiency of the monitor was calculated from the areal density of the deposit, the detector solid angle, and the ENDF/B-VI 6Li(n,t)4He thermal neutron cross section. We have used a second, totally-absorbing neutron detector to directly measure the detection efficiency of the monitor on a monochromatic neutron beam of precisely known wavelength. This method does not rely on the 6Li(n,t)4He cross section or any other nuclear data. The monitor detection efficiency was measured to an uncertainty of 0.06%, which represents a five-fold improvement in uncertainty. We have verified the temporal stability of the monitor with ancillary measurements, and the measured neutron monitor efficiency has been used to improve the fluence determination in the past lifetime experiment. An updated neutron lifetime based on the improved fluence determination will be presented. Work done in collaboration with M. Dewey, D. Gilliam, J. Nico, National Institute of Standards and Technology; G. Greene, University of Tennessee / Oak Ridge National Laboratory; A. Laptev, Los Alamos National Laboratory; W. Snow, Indiana University; and F. Wietfeldt, Tulane University.

Substrates and method for determining enzymes

DOEpatents

Smith, Robert E.; Bissell, Eugene R.

1981-01-01

A method is disclosed for determining the presence of an enzyme in a biological fluid, which includes the steps of contacting the fluid with a synthetic chromogenic substrate, which is an amino acid derivative of 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin; incubating the substrate-containing fluid to effect enzymatic hydrolysis; and fluorometrically determining the presence of the free 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin chromophore in the hydrolyzate.

Substrates and method for determining enzymes

DOEpatents

Smith, R.E.; Bissell, E.R.

1981-10-13

A method is disclosed for determining the presence of an enzyme in a biological fluid, which includes the steps of contacting the fluid with a synthetic chromogenic substrate, which is an amino acid derivative of 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin; incubating the substrate-containing fluid to effect enzymatic hydrolysis; and fluorometrically determining the presence of the free 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin chromophore in the hydrolyzate. No Drawings

38 CFR 21.51 - Determining employment handicap.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... § 21.50, an employment handicap will be found to exist only if a CP or VRC determines that the... determining the individual's overall vocational impairment, the CP or VRC will consider the factors identified...

38 CFR 21.51 - Determining employment handicap.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... § 21.50, an employment handicap will be found to exist only if a CP or VRC determines that the... determining the individual's overall vocational impairment, the CP or VRC will consider the factors identified...

38 CFR 21.51 - Determining employment handicap.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... § 21.50, an employment handicap will be found to exist only if a CP or VRC determines that the... determining the individual's overall vocational impairment, the CP or VRC will consider the factors identified...

38 CFR 21.51 - Determining employment handicap.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... § 21.50, an employment handicap will be found to exist only if a CP or VRC determines that the... determining the individual's overall vocational impairment, the CP or VRC will consider the factors identified...

38 CFR 21.51 - Determining employment handicap.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... § 21.50, an employment handicap will be found to exist only if a CP or VRC determines that the... determining the individual's overall vocational impairment, the CP or VRC will consider the factors identified...

20 CFR 725.221 - Determination of dependency; child.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Determination of dependency; child. 725.221 Section 725.221 Employees' Benefits OFFICE OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION PROGRAMS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR FEDERAL... Determination of dependency; child. For the purposes of determining whether a child was dependent upon a...

20 CFR 725.221 - Determination of dependency; child.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Determination of dependency; child. 725.221 Section 725.221 Employees' Benefits OFFICE OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION PROGRAMS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR FEDERAL... Determination of dependency; child. For the purposes of determining whether a child was dependent upon a...

20 CFR 725.221 - Determination of dependency; child.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Determination of dependency; child. 725.221 Section 725.221 Employees' Benefits OFFICE OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION PROGRAMS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR FEDERAL... Determination of dependency; child. For the purposes of determining whether a child was dependent upon a...

20 CFR 725.221 - Determination of dependency; child.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Determination of dependency; child. 725.221 Section 725.221 Employees' Benefits OFFICE OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION PROGRAMS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR FEDERAL... Determination of dependency; child. For the purposes of determining whether a child was dependent upon a...

20 CFR 725.221 - Determination of dependency; child.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Determination of dependency; child. 725.221 Section 725.221 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT STANDARDS ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR FEDERAL COAL... Determination of dependency; child. For the purposes of determining whether a child was dependent upon a...

42 CFR 435.911 - Timely determination of eligibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Timely determination of eligibility. 435.911 Section 435.911 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Determination of Medicaid Eligibility § 435.911 Timely determination of eligibility. (a) The agency must...

42 CFR 435.911 - Timely determination of eligibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Timely determination of eligibility. 435.911 Section 435.911 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Determination of Medicaid Eligibility § 435.911 Timely determination of eligibility. (a) The agency must...

42 CFR 435.911 - Timely determination of eligibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Timely determination of eligibility. 435.911 Section 435.911 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Determination of Medicaid Eligibility § 435.911 Timely determination of eligibility. (a) The agency must...

10 CFR 20.1204 - Determination of internal exposure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Determination of internal exposure. 20.1204 Section 20.1204 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION Occupational Dose Limits § 20.1204 Determination of internal exposure. (a) For purposes of assessing dose used to determine...

10 CFR 20.1204 - Determination of internal exposure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Determination of internal exposure. 20.1204 Section 20.1204 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION Occupational Dose Limits § 20.1204 Determination of internal exposure. (a) For purposes of assessing dose used to determine...

10 CFR 20.1204 - Determination of internal exposure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Determination of internal exposure. 20.1204 Section 20.1204 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION Occupational Dose Limits § 20.1204 Determination of internal exposure. (a) For purposes of assessing dose used to determine...

10 CFR 20.1204 - Determination of internal exposure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Determination of internal exposure. 20.1204 Section 20.1204 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION Occupational Dose Limits § 20.1204 Determination of internal exposure. (a) For purposes of assessing dose used to determine...

10 CFR 20.1204 - Determination of internal exposure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Determination of internal exposure. 20.1204 Section 20.1204 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION Occupational Dose Limits § 20.1204 Determination of internal exposure. (a) For purposes of assessing dose used to determine...

48 CFR 22.404-11 - Wage determination appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Wage determination appeals... Involving Construction 22.404-11 Wage determination appeals. The Secretary of Labor has established an... Davis-Bacon Act wage determinations. A contracting agency or other interested party may file a petition...

40 CFR 180.2010 - Threshold of regulation determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 24 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Threshold of regulation determinations... Requiring a Tolerance or an Exemption From a Tolerance § 180.2010 Threshold of regulation determinations... on EPA's determination that the uses are below the threshold of regulation. Pesticide Chemical CAS...

50 CFR 452.03 - Threshold review and determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Threshold review and determinations. 452... PROCESS CONSIDERATION OF APPLICATION BY THE SECRETARY § 452.03 Threshold review and determinations. (a) Threshold determinations. Within 20 days after receiving an exemption application, or a longer time agreed...

50 CFR 452.03 - Threshold review and determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Threshold review and determinations. 452... PROCESS CONSIDERATION OF APPLICATION BY THE SECRETARY § 452.03 Threshold review and determinations. (a) Threshold determinations. Within 20 days after receiving an exemption application, or a longer time agreed...

40 CFR 180.2010 - Threshold of regulation determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 23 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Threshold of regulation determinations... Requiring a Tolerance or an Exemption From a Tolerance § 180.2010 Threshold of regulation determinations... on EPA's determination that the uses are below the threshold of regulation. Pesticide Chemical CAS...

40 CFR 180.2010 - Threshold of regulation determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Threshold of regulation determinations... Requiring a Tolerance or an Exemption From a Tolerance § 180.2010 Threshold of regulation determinations... on EPA's determination that the uses are below the threshold of regulation. Pesticide Chemical CAS...

Self-determined, but not non-self-determined, motivation predicts activations in the anterior insular cortex: an fMRI study of personal agency

PubMed Central

Reeve, Johnmarshall

2013-01-01

Neuroscientific studies on agency focus rather exclusively on the notion of who initiates and regulates actions, not on the notion of why the person does. The present study focused on the latter to investigate two different reasons underlying personal agency. Using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging, we scanned 16 healthy human subjects while they imagined the enactment of volitional, agentic behavior on the same task but either for a self-determined and intrinsically motivated reason or for a non-self-determined and extrinsically motivated reason. Results showed that the anterior insular cortex (AIC), known to be related to the sense of agency, was more activated during self-determined behavior while the angular gyrus, known to be related to the sense of loss of agency, was more activated during non-self-determined behavior. Furthermore, AIC activities during self-determined behavior correlated highly with participants’ self-reported intrinsic satisfactions. We conclude that self-determined behavior is more agentic than is non-self-determined behavior and that personal agency arises only during self-determined, intrinsically motivated action. PMID:22451482

Self-determined, but not non-self-determined, motivation predicts activations in the anterior insular cortex: an fMRI study of personal agency.

PubMed

Lee, Woogul; Reeve, Johnmarshall

2013-06-01

Neuroscientific studies on agency focus rather exclusively on the notion of who initiates and regulates actions, not on the notion of why the person does. The present study focused on the latter to investigate two different reasons underlying personal agency. Using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging, we scanned 16 healthy human subjects while they imagined the enactment of volitional, agentic behavior on the same task but either for a self-determined and intrinsically motivated reason or for a non-self-determined and extrinsically motivated reason. Results showed that the anterior insular cortex (AIC), known to be related to the sense of agency, was more activated during self-determined behavior while the angular gyrus, known to be related to the sense of loss of agency, was more activated during non-self-determined behavior. Furthermore, AIC activities during self-determined behavior correlated highly with participants' self-reported intrinsic satisfactions. We conclude that self-determined behavior is more agentic than is non-self-determined behavior and that personal agency arises only during self-determined, intrinsically motivated action.

Ultrasonic Determination Of Recrystallization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Generazio, Edward R.

1988-01-01

State of recrystallization identified. Measurement of ultrasonic attenuation shows promise as means of detecting recrystallization in metal. Technique applicable to real-time acoustic monitoring of thermomechanical treatments. Starting with work-hardened material, one ultrasonically determines effect of annealing, using correlation between ultrasonic attenuation and temperature.

Orbit determination for ISRO satellite missions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rao, Ch. Sreehari; Sinha, S. K.

Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has been successful in using the in-house developed orbit determination and prediction software for satellite missions of Bhaskara, Rohini and APPLE. Considering the requirements of satellite missions, software packages are developed, tested and their accuracies are assessed. Orbit determination packages developed are SOIP, for low earth orbits of Bhaskara and Rohini missions, ORIGIN and ODPM, for orbits related to all phases of geo-stationary missions and SEGNIP, for drift and geo-stationary orbits. Software is tested and qualified using tracking data of SIGNE-3, D5-B, OTS, SYMPHONIE satellites with the help of software available with CNES, ESA and DFVLR. The results match well with those available from these agencies. These packages have supported orbit determination successfully throughout the mission life for all ISRO satellite missions. Member-Secretary

12 CFR 1320.13 - Council determination regarding systemic importance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... FINANCIAL MARKET UTILITIES Consultations, Determinations and Hearings § 1320.13 Council determination regarding systemic importance. (a) Designation determination. The Council shall designate a financial market utility if the Council determines that the financial market utility is, or is likely to become...

12 CFR 1320.12 - Advance notice of proposed determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... MARKET UTILITIES Consultations, Determinations and Hearings § 1320.12 Advance notice of proposed determination. (a) Notice of proposed determination and opportunity for hearing. Before making any final... provide the financial market utility with advance notice of the proposed determination, and proposed...

12 CFR 1320.12 - Advance notice of proposed determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... MARKET UTILITIES Consultations, Determinations and Hearings § 1320.12 Advance notice of proposed determination. (a) Notice of proposed determination and opportunity for hearing. Before making any final... provide the financial market utility with advance notice of the proposed determination, and proposed...

12 CFR 1320.13 - Council determination regarding systemic importance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... FINANCIAL MARKET UTILITIES Consultations, Determinations and Hearings § 1320.13 Council determination regarding systemic importance. (a) Designation determination. The Council shall designate a financial market utility if the Council determines that the financial market utility is, or is likely to become...

12 CFR 1320.13 - Council determination regarding systemic importance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... FINANCIAL MARKET UTILITIES Consultations, Determinations and Hearings § 1320.13 Council determination regarding systemic importance. (a) Designation determination. The Council shall designate a financial market utility if the Council determines that the financial market utility is, or is likely to become...

12 CFR 1320.12 - Advance notice of proposed determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... MARKET UTILITIES Consultations, Determinations and Hearings § 1320.12 Advance notice of proposed determination. (a) Notice of proposed determination and opportunity for hearing. Before making any final... provide the financial market utility with advance notice of the proposed determination, and proposed...

20 CFR 361.4 - Determination of indebtedness.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... RECOVERY OF DEBTS OWED TO THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT BY GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES § 361.4 Determination of indebtedness. In determining that an employee is indebted, the Board will review the debt to make sure it is...

[Mental Health: Concepts, Measures, Determinants].

PubMed

Doré, Isabelle; Caron, Jean

Objectives This article aims to situate the concept of mental health in a historical perspective. This article presents the most commonly used measurement tools in Canada and elsewhere in the world to assess specific and multiple dimensions of mental health; when available, psychometric properties are discussed. Finally, research findings on quality of life and mental health determinants are presented.Methods A literature review of concepts, measurement and determinants of mental health is presented in this paper. The selection of measurement scales presented is based on the findings of the research reports conducted by the second author, an expert on mental health measures, for Health Canada and Statistics Canada.Results Mental health is more than the absence of mental illness; rather it is a state of complete well-being, which refers to our ability to enjoy life and deal with the challenges we face. Accordingly, mental health and mental illness are not extremes of the same continuum, but distinct yet correlated concepts. The traditional conceptualization suggesting that mental health represents simply the absence of mental illness has been replaced, in the last few decades, by a more holistic characterization, which directly concerns public health. The components of mental health include emotional well-being/quality of life (QOL) and psychological and social well-being. Mental health influences the personal and social functioning of individuals, justifying the importance of intervening upstream to promote mental health. Specific scales are relevant for obtaining a detailed measure of one aspect of well-being in particular (emotional/quality of life, psychological or social well-being); however, to account for the global mental health status, measurement tools that integrate all three forms of well-being (emotional, psychological and social) should be privileged. A diversity of determinants at the individual, social and neighbourhood levels influence quality of

FOREWORD: International determination of the Avogadro constant International determination of the Avogadro constant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Massa, Enrico; Nicolaus, Arnold

2011-04-01

This issue of Metrologia collects papers about the results of an international research project aimed at the determination of the Avogadro constant, NA, by counting the atoms in a silicon crystal highly enriched with the isotope 28Si. Fifty years ago, Egidi [1] thought about realizing an atomic mass standard. In 1965, Bonse and Hart [2] operated the first x-ray interferometer, thus paving the way to the achievement of Egidi's dream, and soon Deslattes et al [3] completed the first counting of the atoms in a natural silicon crystal. The present project, outlined by Zosi [4] in 1983, began in 2004 by combining the experiences and capabilities of the BIPM, INRIM, IRMM, NIST, NPL, NMIA, NMIJ and PTB. The start signal, ratified by a memorandum of understanding, was a contract for the production of a silicon crystal highly enriched with 28Si. The enrichment process was undertaken by the Central Design Bureau of Machine Building in St Petersburg. Subsequently, a polycrystal was grown in the Institute of Chemistry of High-Purity Substances of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Nizhny Novgorod and a 28Si boule was grown and purified by the Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung in Berlin. Isotope enrichment made it possible to apply isotope dilution mass spectroscopy, to determine the Avogadro constant with unprecedented accuracy, and to fulfil Egidi's dream. To convey Egidi's 'fantasy' into practice, two 28Si kilogram prototypes shaped as quasi-perfect spheres were manufactured by the Australian Centre for Precision Optics; their isotopic composition, molar mass, mass, volume, density and lattice parameter were accurately determined and their surfaces were chemically and physically characterized at the atomic scale. The paper by Andreas et al reviews the work carried out; it collates all the findings and illustrates how Avogadro's constant was obtained. Impurity concentration and gradients in the enriched crystal were measured by infrared spectroscopy and taken into

40 CFR 1065.660 - THC and NMHC determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false THC and NMHC determination. 1065.660... CONTROLS ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES Calculations and Data Requirements § 1065.660 THC and NMHC determination. (a) THC determination and THC/CH 4 initial contamination corrections. (1) If we require you to...

48 CFR 22.1012-1 - Prevailing wage determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Prevailing wage... wage determination in a solicitation, contract or contract modification (see 22.1007) is determined by... wage determination shall not be effective if it is received by the contracting agency less than 10 days...

42 CFR 405.708 - Effect of initial determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of initial determination. 405.708 Section 405.708 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Under Medicare Part A § 405.708 Effect of initial determination. (a) The initial determination under...

42 CFR 405.806 - Effect of Initial Determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of Initial Determination. 405.806 Section 405.806 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Part B Program § 405.806 Effect of Initial Determination. The initial determination is binding upon all...

42 CFR 422.646 - Effect of contract determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of contract determination. 422.646 Section 422.646 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Appeals § 422.646 Effect of contract determination. The contract determination is final and binding unless...

77 FR 12086 - 2002 Reopened-Previously Denied Determinations; Notice of Revised Denied Determinations On...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-28

... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have met the certification criteria under... at tradeact/taa/taa--search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations or by calling...