Drinking at college parties: examining the influence of student host-status and party-location.

PubMed

Buettner, Cynthia K; Khurana, Atika; Slesnick, Natasha

2011-12-01

The present research focuses on the party related drinking behaviors of college students and explores the differences in these behaviors based on students' host status (i.e. party host vs. party attendee). Furthermore, we examine if the differences in party hosts and attendees' drinking behaviors vary as a function of the party location (on-campus vs. off-campus). Multiple regression analyses were conducted using data from 3796 undergraduates at a Midwestern University. Findings revealed a significant interaction between host status and party location, such that student party hosts reported significantly greater drink consumption and related consequences as compared to party attendees, only when the party was organized off-campus. For parties organized on-campus, student hosts reported lower drink consumption as compared to attendees. College-based preventive interventions should target students likely to host off-campus parties due to their high risk for involvement in heavy drinking. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Parties heed (with caution): Public knowledge of and attitudes towards party finance in Britain.

PubMed

vanHeerde-Hudson, Jennifer; Fisher, Justin

2013-01-01

Despite comprehensive reform ( Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act ) and recent review (Phillips Review in 2007) of party finance in Britain, public opinion of party finance remains plagued by perceptions of corruption, undue influence from wealthy donors, carefree and wasteful spending and, more generally, from the perception that there is just 'too much money' in politics. In this article we argue that knowledge of and attitudes to party finance matter, not least because advocates of reform have cited public opinion as evidence for reform. However, because attitudes to party finance are part of a broader attitudinal structure, opinion-led reforms are unlikely to succeed in increasing public confidence. Using data generated from YouGov's online panel (N=2,008), we demonstrate that the public know little of the key provisions regulating party finance and attitudes to party finance can be explained along two underlying dimensions - Anti-Party Finance and Reformers . As such, we consider whether parties and politicians should be freed from the constraints of public opinion in reforming party finance.

Party on wheels: mobile party spaces in the Norwegian high school graduation celebration.

PubMed

Fjaer, Eivind Grip; Pedersen, Willy; Sandberg, Sveinung

2016-06-01

Research on partying and nightlife often emphasizes commercial control while overlooking participants' creativity and agency. Due to their age, appearance and transgressive partying, participants in the Norwegian high school graduation celebration have limited access to bars and pubs in the ordinary night-time economy. To create alternative party spaces under their own control they utilize the spatial opportunities offered by automobility. Groups of students get together many years in advance and buy old buses which they refurbish to become rolling nightclubs that enable them to 'transcend space' through partying while on the move. These mobile party spaces provide a material and symbolic centre of communion and a tight space for physical assembly that enhances the production of intense positive emotions. In a cat-and-mouse game with the police, the buses provide a sense of nomadic autonomy, and enable participants to drink heavily for days on end. The study examines how youth may creatively zone their own party spaces within the context of automobility and how these mobile spaces again shape the partying that goes on within them. While this party practice opens up for autonomy, creativity and social transgressions reminiscent of liminal phases or carnivals, at a deeper level participants clearly reproduce class-based differences and exaggerate conventional practices and symbols. © London School of Economics and Political Science 2016.

"Partying" hard: party style, motives for and effects of MDMA use at rave parties.

PubMed

M ter Bogt, Tom F; Engels, Rutger C M E

2005-01-01

This study examines motives for and consequences of MDMA use at different types of dance parties in the Netherlands (2001 and 2002). Participants were 490 visitors of three different types of rave parties, "club/mellow," "trance/mainstream," and "hardcore" (34% female, mean age 22.3 years, 76.5% MDMA users). Partygoers are motivated primarily by the energetic and euphoric effects they expect from MDMA. Quantity of MDMA use is associated with hardcore and trance/mainstream party style, with the motives of euphoria, sexiness, self-insight, and sociability/flirtatiousness (negative), and with gender, educational level (negative), and MDMA use by friends. Women report more (acute) negative effects--depression, confusion, loss of control, suspiciousness, edginess, nausea, dizziness--than men; and in particular, women who are motivated to cope with their problems by using MDMA are at risk. Men's polydrug use and notably their motivation to conform to friends by using MDMA are associated with negative effects.

Multi-party semi-quantum key distribution-convertible multi-party semi-quantum secret sharing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Kun-Fei; Gu, Jun; Hwang, Tzonelih; Gope, Prosanta

2017-08-01

This paper proposes a multi-party semi-quantum secret sharing (MSQSS) protocol which allows a quantum party (manager) to share a secret among several classical parties (agents) based on GHZ-like states. By utilizing the special properties of GHZ-like states, the proposed scheme can easily detect outside eavesdropping attacks and has the highest qubit efficiency among the existing MSQSS protocols. Then, we illustrate an efficient way to convert the proposed MSQSS protocol into a multi-party semi-quantum key distribution (MSQKD) protocol. The proposed approach is even useful to convert all the existing measure-resend type of semi-quantum secret sharing protocols into semi-quantum key distribution protocols.

Can You Party Your Way to Better Health? A Propensity Score Analysis of Block Parties and Health

PubMed Central

Dean, Lorraine T.; Hillier, Amy; Chau-Glendinning, Hang; Subramanian, SV; Williams, David R.; Kawachi, Ichiro

2015-01-01

While other indicators of social capital have been linked to health, the role of block parties on health in Black neighborhoods and on Black residents is understudied. Block parties exhibit several features of bonding social capital and are present in nearly 90% of Philadelphia’s predominantly Black neighborhoods. This analysis investigated: (1) whether or not block parties are an indicator of bonding social capital in Black neighborhoods; (2) the degree to which block parties might be related to self-rated health in the ways that other bonding social indicators are related to health; and (3) whether or not block parties are associated with average self-rated health for Black residents particularly. Using census tract-level indicators of bonding social capital and records of block parties from 2003 to 2008 for 381 Philadelphia neighborhoods (defined by census tracts), an ecological-level propensity score was generated to assess the propensity for a block party, adjusting for population demographics, neighborhood characteristics, neighborhood resources and violent crime. Results indicate that in multivariable regression, block parties were associated with increased bonding social capital in Black neighborhoods; however, the calculation of the average effect of the treatment on the treated (ATT) within each propensity score strata showed no effect of block parties on average self-rated health for Black residents. Block parties may be an indicator of bonding social capital in Philadelphia’s predominantly Black neighborhoods, but this analysis did not show a direct association between block parties and self-rated health for Black residents. Further research should consider what other health outcomes or behaviors block parties may be related to and how interventionists can leverage block parties for health promotion. PMID:26117555

11 CFR 9002.7 - Minor party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Minor party. 9002.7 Section 9002.7 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN FUND: GENERAL ELECTION FINANCING DEFINITIONS § 9002.7 Minor party. Minor party means a political party whose candidate for the office of...

11 CFR 9002.7 - Minor party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Minor party. 9002.7 Section 9002.7 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN FUND: GENERAL ELECTION FINANCING DEFINITIONS § 9002.7 Minor party. Minor party means a political party whose candidate for the office of...

16 CFR 1507.11 - Party poppers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Party poppers. 1507.11 Section 1507.11 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION FEDERAL HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES ACT REGULATIONS FIREWORKS DEVICES § 1507.11 Party poppers. Party poppers (also known by other names such as “Champagne Party...

Missing the Party: Political Categorization and Reasoning in the Absence of Party Label Cues.

PubMed

Heit, Evan; Nicholson, Stephen P

2016-07-01

This research addressed theoretical approaches in political science arguing that the American electorate is either poorly informed or dependent on party label cues, by assessing performance on political judgment tasks when party label information is missing. The research materials were created from the results of a national opinion survey held during a national election. The experiments themselves were run on nationally representative samples of adults, identified from another national electoral survey. Participants saw profiles of simulated individuals, including information about demographics and issue positions, but omitting party labels. In Experiment 1, participants successfully judged the likelihood of party membership based on the profiles. In Experiment 2, participants successfully voted based on their party interests. The results were mediated by participants' political knowledge. Conclusions are drawn with respect to theories from political science and issues in cognitive science regarding categorization and reasoning. Copyright © 2016 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

'To quarterback behind the scenes, third-party efforts': the tobacco industry and the Tea Party.

PubMed

Fallin, Amanda; Grana, Rachel; Glantz, Stanton A

2014-07-01

The Tea Party, which gained prominence in the USA in 2009, advocates limited government and low taxes. Tea Party organisations, particularly Americans for Prosperity and FreedomWorks, oppose smoke-free laws and tobacco taxes. We used the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library, the Wayback Machine, Google, LexisNexis, the Center for Media and Democracy and the Center for Responsive Politics (opensecrets.org) to examine the tobacco companies' connections to the Tea Party. Starting in the 1980s, tobacco companies worked to create the appearance of broad opposition to tobacco control policies by attempting to create a grassroots smokers' rights movement. Simultaneously, they funded and worked through third-party groups, such as Citizens for a Sound Economy, the predecessor of AFP and FreedomWorks, to accomplish their economic and political agenda. There has been continuity of some key players, strategies and messages from these groups to Tea Party organisations. As of 2012, the Tea Party was beginning to spread internationally. Rather than being a purely grassroots movement that spontaneously developed in 2009, the Tea Party has developed over time, in part through decades of work by the tobacco industry and other corporate interests. It is important for tobacco control advocates in the USA and internationally, to anticipate and counter Tea Party opposition to tobacco control policies and ensure that policymakers, the media and the public understand the longstanding connection between the tobacco industry, the Tea Party and its associated organisations. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

Let's party tonight: drinking patterns and breath alcohol values at high school parties.

PubMed

Schwartz, R H; Little, D L

1997-05-01

This study sought to determine whether the number of alcohol-containing beverages consumed by adolescents attending a "typical" high school weekend party was planned or spontaneous. A second objective was to understand the role of the designated driver and whether he or she honored a pledge of sobriety. A printed, anonymous survey with signed informed consent was distributed to 52 high school students from three different suburban high schools during three weekend high school parties. In addition, subjects underwent breath alcohol testing using the Intoximeter breath alcohol instrument. Salivary alcohol measurements were also obtained using Alco-Screen. Levels were measured in volunteers on entry and exit from the party. Fifty-two students volunteered to participate in the survey. Eleven participants volunteered to be designated drivers, nine of whom did not drink alcohol at this party. By the end of each party, the 26 boys had consumed a mean of 10 drinks, and the 16 girls had consumed 4.1 drinks, almost exactly what they had predicted at the time of arrival. By departure time, 22 (54%) of the drinkers had a breath alcohol value of .10 g/dL or greater, while only three (7%), had alcohol values of .02 g/dL or less. Blackouts were common and had been experienced by 73% of all the students surveyed. Twenty-seven percent of those surveyed had been involved in some form of physical violence while drinking. Eleven percent of the female participants reported being sexually assaulted while they or their attacker were drunk. Most of the 42 drinkers believed that it was acceptable for designated drivers to drink at least two beers. Two intoxicated designated drivers were driven home by sober friends. High school students in this study knew before attending a party the quantity of beer they would consume. Survey participants believed that it is acceptable practice for designated drivers to drink alcohol at parties; 13% of those who intended to drive after these parties were

‘To quarterback behind the scenes, third-party efforts’: the tobacco industry and the Tea Party

PubMed Central

Fallin, Amanda; Grana, Rachel; Glantz, Stanton A

2014-01-01

Background The Tea Party, which gained prominence in the USA in 2009, advocates limited government and low taxes. Tea Party organisations, particularly Americans for Prosperity and FreedomWorks, oppose smoke-free laws and tobacco taxes. Methods We used the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library, the Wayback Machine, Google, LexisNexis, the Center for Media and Democracy and the Center for Responsive Politics (opensecrets.org) to examine the tobacco companies’ connections to the Tea Party. Results Starting in the 1980s, tobacco companies worked to create the appearance of broad opposition to tobacco control policies by attempting to create a grassroots smokers’ rights movement. Simultaneously, they funded and worked through third-party groups, such as Citizens for a Sound Economy, the predecessor of AFP and FreedomWorks, to accomplish their economic and political agenda. There has been continuity of some key players, strategies and messages from these groups to Tea Party organisations. As of 2012, the Tea Party was beginning to spread internationally. Conclusions Rather than being a purely grassroots movement that spontaneously developed in 2009, the Tea Party has developed over time, in part through decades of work by the tobacco industry and other corporate interests. It is important for tobacco control advocates in the USA and internationally, to anticipate and counter Tea Party opposition to tobacco control policies and ensure that policymakers, the media and the public understand the longstanding connection between the tobacco industry, the Tea Party and its associated organisations. PMID:23396417

Party drugs - use and harm reduction.

PubMed

Frei, Matthew

2010-08-01

Party drug use, the intermittent use of stimulants, ecstasy and so-called 'designer drugs' at dance parties or 'raves', is now part of the culture of many young Australians. This article discusses the risks associated with the use of 'party drugs' and describes an useful approach to general practitioner assessment and management of patients who may be using party drugs. Party drug use is associated with a range of harms, including risks associated with behaviour while drug affected, toxicity and overdose, mental health complications and physical morbidity. Multiple substance use, particularly combining sedatives, further amplifies risk. If GPs have some understanding of these drugs and their effects, they are well placed to provide an effective intervention in party drug users by supporting the reduction of harm.

Role of masker predictability in the cocktail party problem1

PubMed Central

Jones, Gary L.; Litovsky, Ruth Y.

2008-01-01

In studies of the cocktail party problem, the number and locations of maskers are typically fixed throughout a block of trials, which leaves out uncertainty that exists in real-world environments. The current experiments examined whether there is (1) improved speech intelligibility and (2) increased spatial release from masking (SRM), as predictability of the number∕locations of speech maskers is increased. In the first experiment, subjects identified a target word presented at a fixed level in the presence of 0, 1, or 2 maskers as predictability of the masker configuration ranged from 10% to 80%. The second experiment examined speech reception thresholds and SRM as (a) predictability of the masker configuration is increased from 20% to 80% and∕or (b) the complexity of the listening environment is decreased. In the third experiment, predictability of the masker configuration was increased from 20% up to 100% while minimizing the onset delay between maskers and the target. All experiments showed no effect of predictability of the masker configuration on speech intelligibility or SRM. These results suggest that knowing the number and location(s) of maskers may not necessarily contribute significantly to solving the cocktail party problem, at least not when the location of the target is known. PMID:19206808

Activist model of political party growth

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jeffs, Rebecca A.; Hayward, John; Roach, Paul A.; Wyburn, John

2016-01-01

The membership of British political parties has a direct influence on their political effectiveness. This paper applies the mathematics of epidemiology to the analysis of the growth and decline of such memberships. The party members are divided into activists and inactive members, where all activists influence the quality of party recruitment, but only a subset of activists recruit and thus govern numerical growth. The activists recruit for only a limited period, which acts as a restriction on further party growth. This Limited Activist model is applied to post-war and recent memberships of the Labour, Scottish National and Conservative parties. The model reproduces data trends, and relates realistically to historical narratives. It is concluded that the political parties analysed are not in danger of extinction but experience repeated periods of growth and decline in membership, albeit at lower numbers than in the past.

49 CFR 511.32 - Written interrogatories to parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Written interrogatories to parties. 511.32 Section... Process § 511.32 Written interrogatories to parties. (a) Availability; procedures for use. Any party may serve upon any other party written interrogatories to be answered by the party served or, if the party...

Parental Leave Legislation in the U.S. Senate: Toward a Model of Roll-Call Voting.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monroe, Pamela A.; Garand, James C.

1991-01-01

Developed and tested a model of roll-call voting by U.S. senators on a cloture motion relating to the Parental and Medical Leave Act of 1988. Senate roll-call voting was found to be dominated by policy liberalism and party, whereas the impact of contextual demand variables was relatively minor and indirect, and votes could be accurately predicted.…

43 CFR 4.1139 - Written interrogatories to parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Written interrogatories to parties. 4.1139... Written interrogatories to parties. (a) Any party may serve upon any other party written interrogatories to be answered in writing by the party served, or if the party served is a public or private...

76 FR 69595 - Application of Third Party Testing Requirements; Reducing Third Party Testing Burdens

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-08

... subject to a third party testing requirement. Please identify specific technologies, except for those that... evaluate testing or screening technologies for consumer products (e.g., accuracy, precision, repeatability... than testing technologies? Should screening technologies be allowed only for third party conformity...

The niche party concept and its measurement.

PubMed

Meyer, Thomas M; Miller, Bernhard

2015-03-01

The concept of the niche party has become increasingly popular in analyses of party competition. Yet, existing approaches vary in their definitions and their measurement approaches. We propose using a minimal definition that allows us to compare political parties in terms of their 'nicheness'. We argue that the conceptual core of the niche party concept is based on issue emphasis and that a niche party emphasizes policy areas neglected by its rivals. Based on this definition, we propose a continuous measure that allows for more fine-grained measurement of a party's 'nicheness' than the dominant, dichotomous approaches and thereby limits the risk of measurement error. Drawing on data collected by the Comparative Manifesto Project, we show that (1) our measure has high face validity and (2) exposes differences among parties that are not captured by alternative, static or dichotomous measures.

Intensive sex partying amongst gay men in Sydney.

PubMed

Hurley, Michael; Prestage, Garrett

2009-08-01

Intensive sex partying is a framework developed to analyse specific frequent behaviours amongst a small minority of gay men in Sydney, Australia. The behaviours included a higher frequency of dance party attendance, more frequent sex, more anal sex, multiple sex partners, more unprotected anal intercourse with casual partners and more frequent drug taking. These occur at a contextual intersection between a sub-group of sexually adventurous gay men and 'party boys'. The men appear to be involved in both high-risk, adventurous sex practices and a specific form of partying distinguishable from dance partying and 'clubbing'. Sex partying occurs on multiple sites (domestic spaces; within dance parties; sex parties; sex-on-premises venues) and appears to be geared to the maximisation of sexual pleasure. Intensive sex partying describes this coincidence of factors and locates them in relation to the multiple pleasures offered by sex partying. It emphasises the importance of 'intensity' in order to understand better the relations between sex, drug use, pleasure, care and risk in some gay men's lives.

How to hold an ethical pox party.

PubMed

Jamrozik, Euzebiusz

2018-04-01

Pox parties are a controversial alternative to vaccination for diseases such as chickenpox. Such parties involve parents infecting non-immune children by exposing them to a contagious child. If successful, infection will usually lead to immunity, thus preventing infection later in life, which, for several vaccine-preventable diseases, is more severe than childhood infection. Some may consider pox parties more morally objectionable than opting out of vaccination through non-medical exemptions. In this paper, I argue that this is not the case. Pox parties involve immediate risk of harm for children and reduce future harms, whereas opting out of vaccination places children at long-term risk of harms that increase with time, at least for some pathogens. Regarding harm to others through onward transmission of infection, this can be easily prevented in the case of pox parties-given the relatively controlled timing of infection-by quarantining attendees after the party, whereas opting out of vaccination involves risks to others that are more difficult to control. I defend three criteria for an ethical pox party: (1) that the disease is sufficiently low risk, (2) that parents consent to their child's attendance and (3) that children exposed to infection are quarantined and isolated appropriately. I argue that, if these criteria are met, pox parties are morally preferable to non-vaccination; such parties involve less risk to non-consenting others and, for some pathogens in some cases, even involve less risk for the children who participate. Thus, policies that permit non-medical exemption to vaccination should also permit ethical pox parties. Alternatively, if pox parties are not permitted, then vaccination should be mandated for those without medical contraindication. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

49 CFR 661.20 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BUY AMERICA REQUIREMENTS § 661.20 Rights of parties. (a) A party adversely..., the sole right of any third party under the Buy America provision is to petition FTA under the...

49 CFR 661.20 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BUY AMERICA REQUIREMENTS § 661.20 Rights of parties. (a) A party adversely..., the sole right of any third party under the Buy America provision is to petition FTA under the...

49 CFR 661.20 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BUY AMERICA REQUIREMENTS § 661.20 Rights of parties. (a) A party adversely..., the sole right of any third party under the Buy America provision is to petition FTA under the...

49 CFR 661.20 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BUY AMERICA REQUIREMENTS § 661.20 Rights of parties. (a) A party adversely..., the sole right of any third party under the Buy America provision is to petition FTA under the...

49 CFR 661.20 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BUY AMERICA REQUIREMENTS § 661.20 Rights of parties. (a) A party adversely..., the sole right of any third party under the Buy America provision is to petition FTA under the...

Multi-party quantum summation without a trusted third party based on single particles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Cai; Situ, Haozhen; Huang, Qiong; Yang, Pingle

We propose multi-party quantum summation protocols based on single particles, in which participants are allowed to compute the summation of their inputs without the help of a trusted third party and preserve the privacy of their inputs. Only one participant who generates the source particles needs to perform unitary operations and only single particles are needed in the beginning of the protocols.

Predictors of breath alcohol concentrations in college parties.

PubMed

Croff, Julie M; Leavens, Eleanor; Olson, Kathleen

2017-03-30

Alcohol use and subsequent consequences are harmful for individual college students. Other students and the university can also be negatively impacted by the consequences of alcohol use. A field-based study was used to assess the alcohol use environment at college parties. Researchers replicated a previous study by driving and walking a route to identify parties primarily on Thursday, Friday, and Saturday evenings between 9:00 PM and 1:00 AM across an academic year. Parties were randomly sampled. Hosts were asked for permission to enter the party at each sampled location. A census of partygoers was attempted at each party. Participants were asked to complete a brief survey and give a breath sample. All participants were recruited into a follow-up survey. Bivariate and multivariate analyses of individual-level and party-level factors associated with intoxication are presented. The research team identified 29 parties: 16 were approached, and 12 were surveyed. Overall, 112 participants were surveyed for a response rate of approximately 28.7% of partygoers. Controlling for demographic characteristics, consumption of shots of liquor/spirits was significantly associated with a five times greater risk for intoxication. Notably, drinking games were protective of breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) risk in this model. Individuals who reported engaging in drinking games were 74% less likely to report a BrAC above the U.S. legal limit, while controlling for underage drinking in the model. Several party characteristics were identified that increased overall BrAC at the parties, including whether the party was themed, if it was a Greek life party, and whether there were illicit drugs present. Notably, when intoxication is examined by gender and party theme, women are significantly more likely to be intoxicated at themed parties: 75% were above 0.08 at themed parties compared to 35% above 0.08 at non-themed parties. Field-based data collection methods can, and should, be

49 CFR 260.29 - Third party consultants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... REHABILITATION AND IMPROVEMENT FINANCING PROGRAM Applications for Financial Assistance § 260.29 Third party consultants. Applicants may utilize independent third-party consultants to prepare a financial evaluation of... to process the application. We encourage the use of third party consultants. ...

49 CFR 260.29 - Third party consultants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... REHABILITATION AND IMPROVEMENT FINANCING PROGRAM Applications for Financial Assistance § 260.29 Third party consultants. Applicants may utilize independent third-party consultants to prepare a financial evaluation of... to process the application. We encourage the use of third party consultants. ...

49 CFR 260.29 - Third party consultants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... REHABILITATION AND IMPROVEMENT FINANCING PROGRAM Applications for Financial Assistance § 260.29 Third party consultants. Applicants may utilize independent third-party consultants to prepare a financial evaluation of... to process the application. We encourage the use of third party consultants. ...

49 CFR 260.29 - Third party consultants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... REHABILITATION AND IMPROVEMENT FINANCING PROGRAM Applications for Financial Assistance § 260.29 Third party consultants. Applicants may utilize independent third-party consultants to prepare a financial evaluation of... to process the application. We encourage the use of third party consultants. ...

The effect of the federal Family and Medical Leave Act upon employee benefits.

PubMed

Brislin, J A

1993-09-01

FMLA will substantially influence the administration of employee benefits. The plan sponsor, trustees, plan administrator and collective bargaining parties must make a number of policy decisions. These include employer reporting and contribution procedures, settlement of eligibility questions, delinquency procedures, coordination with COBRA, substitution of vacation and sick leave rights and procedures, restrictions on participants working during leave, procedures for the non-forfeiture of accrued benefits and restoration of benefits. After the policy decisions are made and the procedures are established, the proper notices and caveats must be communicated to plan participants, and the plan must update the SPD. Each of the policy decisions, administrative procedures and participant communications must be carefully thought out before implementation. Plan sponsors, trustees and plan administrators should seek the help, advice and assistance of the plan's professional advisers.

The Family and Medical Leave Act: implications for occupational and environmental health nursing.

PubMed

Rogers, Bonnie; Franke, Joanne V; Jeras, JoAnn; Gravitte, Joy T; Randolph, Susan A; Ostendorf, Judith S

2009-06-01

The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) was enacted in 1993 to balance the demands of the workplace with the needs of families. Balancing work and family responsibilities will affect most workers as they experience their own serious illness or care for a child or a parent. The FMLA continues to present challenges regarding medical certifications, recordkeeping, intermittent leave management, and lack of understanding by employees and employers about rights and responsibilities under the law. This article discusses the rights and responsibilities of both parties. It also discusses how the occupational and environmental health nurse can bridge the gap between meeting the needs of the employee and those of the employer by serving as educator, advocate, and liaison/collaborator, leading to measurable cost savings for the employer and immeasurable benefits for the employee.

11 CFR 109.34 - When may a political party committee make coordinated party expenditures?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... COORDINATED AND INDEPENDENT EXPENDITURES (2 U.S.C. 431(17), 441a(a) AND (d), AND PUB. L. 107-155 SEC. 214(c... candidate has been nominated. All pre-nomination coordinated party expenditures shall be subject to the coordinated party expenditure limitations of this subpart, whether or not the candidate on whose behalf they...

The niche party concept and its measurement

PubMed Central

Miller, Bernhard

2015-01-01

The concept of the niche party has become increasingly popular in analyses of party competition. Yet, existing approaches vary in their definitions and their measurement approaches. We propose using a minimal definition that allows us to compare political parties in terms of their ‘nicheness’. We argue that the conceptual core of the niche party concept is based on issue emphasis and that a niche party emphasizes policy areas neglected by its rivals. Based on this definition, we propose a continuous measure that allows for more fine-grained measurement of a party’s ‘nicheness’ than the dominant, dichotomous approaches and thereby limits the risk of measurement error. Drawing on data collected by the Comparative Manifesto Project, we show that (1) our measure has high face validity and (2) exposes differences among parties that are not captured by alternative, static or dichotomous measures. PMID:28066152

Absence and leave; sick leave. Final rule.

PubMed

2010-12-03

The U.S. Office of Personnel Management is issuing final regulations on the use of sick leave and advanced sick leave for serious communicable diseases, including pandemic influenza when appropriate. We are also permitting employees to substitute up to 26 weeks of accrued or accumulated sick leave for unpaid Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) leave to care for a seriously injured or ill covered servicemember, as authorized under the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008, including up to 30 days of advanced sick leave for this purpose. Finally, we are reorganizing the existing sick leave regulations to enhance reader understanding and administration of the program.

45 CFR 99.22 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Rights of parties. 99.22 Section 99.22 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURE FOR HEARINGS FOR THE CHILD CARE AND DEVELOPMENT FUND Hearing Procedures § 99.22 Rights of parties. All parties may: (a...

28 CFR 51.7 - Political parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965, AS AMENDED General Provisions § 51.7 Political parties. Certain... voting effected by a political party is subject to the preclearance requirement: (a) If the change...

28 CFR 51.7 - Political parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965, AS AMENDED General Provisions § 51.7 Political parties. Certain... voting effected by a political party is subject to the preclearance requirement: (a) If the change...

The Whig Party and the Rise of Common Schools, 1837-1854: Party and Policy Reexamined

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Groen, Mark

2008-01-01

The question of how Whig policies affected the early development of common schools has received little examination in either political or educational histories. There is evidence, however, that Whig party politics did influence early educational reformers. This paper considers the influence of Whig party politics on the emergence of state systems…

Third Party Involvement in Barroom Conflicts

PubMed Central

Parks, Michael J.; Osgood, D. Wayne; Felson, Richard B.; Wells, Samantha; Graham, Kathryn

2014-01-01

This study examines the effect of situational variables on whether third parties intervene in conflicts in barroom settings, and whether they are aggressive or not when they intervene. Based on research on bystander intervention in emergencies, we hypothesized that third parties would be most likely to become involved in incidents with features that convey greater danger of serious harm. The situational variables indicative of danger were severity of aggression, whether the aggression was one-sided or mutual, gender, and level of intoxication of the initial participants in the conflict. Analyses consist of cross-tabulations and three-level Hierarchical Logistic Models (with bar, evening, and incidents as levels) for 860 incidents of verbal and physical aggression from 503 nights of observation in 87 large bars and clubs in Toronto, Canada. Third party involvement was more likely during incidents in which: (1) the aggression was more severe; (2) the aggression was mutual (vs. one-sided) aggression; (3) only males (vs. mixed gender) were involved; and (4) participants were more intoxicated. These incident characteristics were stronger predictors of nonaggressive third party involvement than aggressive third party involvement. The findings suggest that third parties are indeed responding to the perceived danger of serious harm. Improving our knowledge about this aspect of aggressive incidents is valuable for developing prevention and intervention approaches designed to reduce aggression in bars and other locations. PMID:23494773

29 CFR 1955.17 - Determination of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Determination of parties. (a) The designated State agency or agencies and the Department of Labor, OSHA, shall... administrative law judge, be granted the right to participate as parties if he determines that the final decision... party under paragraph (a) of this section shall submit a petition to the administrative law judge within...

45 CFR 79.17 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Rights of parties. 79.17 Section 79.17 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 79.17 Rights of parties. Except as otherwise limited by this part, all parties may— (a) Be accompanied...

45 CFR 79.17 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Rights of parties. 79.17 Section 79.17 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 79.17 Rights of parties. Except as otherwise limited by this part, all parties may— (a) Be accompanied...

45 CFR 79.17 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Rights of parties. 79.17 Section 79.17 Public Welfare Department of Health and Human Services GENERAL ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 79.17 Rights of parties. Except as otherwise limited by this part, all parties may— (a) Be accompanied...

45 CFR 79.17 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Rights of parties. 79.17 Section 79.17 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 79.17 Rights of parties. Except as otherwise limited by this part, all parties may— (a) Be accompanied...

26 CFR 301.7430-5 - Prevailing party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Prevailing party. 301.7430-5 Section 301.7430-5... Prevailing party. (a) In general. For purposes of an award of reasonable administrative costs under section... prevailing party only if— (1) The position of the Internal Revenue Service was not substantially justified...

6 CFR 13.17 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Rights of parties. 13.17 Section 13.17 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 13.17 Rights of parties. Except as otherwise limited by this part, all parties may: (a) Be accompanied...

29 CFR 1425.4 - Duty of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Duty of parties. 1425.4 Section 1425.4 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) FEDERAL MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE MEDIATION ASSISTANCE IN THE FEDERAL SERVICE § 1425.4 Duty of parties. It shall be the duty of the parties to participate fully and...

26 CFR 1.7476-1 - Interested parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 13 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Interested parties. 1.7476-1 Section 1.7476-1...) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) The Tax Court § 1.7476-1 Interested parties. (a) In general—(1) Notice... satisfactory evidence that such applicant has notified the persons who qualify as interested parties, under...

26 CFR 1.7476-1 - Interested parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 13 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Interested parties. 1.7476-1 Section 1.7476-1...) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) The Tax Court § 1.7476-1 Interested parties. (a) In general—(1) Notice... satisfactory evidence that such applicant has notified the persons who qualify as interested parties, under...

Managing water utility financial risks through third-party index insurance contracts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zeff, Harrison B.; Characklis, Gregory W.

2013-08-01

As developing new supply capacity has become increasingly expensive and difficult to permit (i.e., regulatory approval), utilities have become more reliant on temporary demand management programs, such as outdoor water use restrictions, for ensuring reliability during drought. However, a significant fraction of water utility income is often derived from the volumetric sale of water, and such restrictions can lead to substantial revenue losses. Given that many utilities set prices at levels commensurate with recovering costs, these revenue losses can leave them financially vulnerable to budgetary shortfalls. This work explores approaches for mitigating drought-related revenue losses through the use of third-party financial insurance contracts based on streamflow indices. Two different types of contracts are developed, and their efficacy is compared against two more traditional forms of financial hedging used by water utilities: Drought surcharges and contingency funds (i.e., self-insurance). Strategies involving each of these approaches, as well as their use in combination, are applied under conditions facing the water utility serving Durham, North Carolina. A multireservoir model provides information on the scale and timing of droughts, and the financial effects of these events are simulated using detailed data derived from utility billing records. Results suggest that third-party index insurance contracts, either independently or in combination with more traditional hedging tools, can provide an effective means of reducing a utility's financial vulnerability to drought.

The Evolution of the Party System and the Future of Party Politics in the Republic of Korea

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-01-01

independence period.108 The obvious target was Park Chung- hee, who had been in the Japanese military as an officer and whose daughter, Park Geun- hye ...After 1963, a United Socialist Party and a People’s Party existed, but never won an election and were politically neutralized by an authoritarian... won no district seat but received at least three but no more than five percent of the vote. The remaining seats are then divided among the parties

14 CFR 302.10 - Parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Parties. 302.10 Section 302.10 Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) PROCEDURAL REGULATIONS RULES OF PRACTICE IN PROCEEDINGS Rules of General Applicability § 302.10 Parties. (a) In addition to the persons set forth in § 302.2, in...

Paid Family Leave, Fathers' Leave-Taking, and Leave-Sharing in Dual-Earner Households.

PubMed

Bartel, Anne P; Rossin-Slater, Maya; Ruhm, Christopher J; Stearns, Jenna; Waldfogel, Jane

Using difference-in-difference and difference-in-difference-in-difference designs, we study California's Paid Family Leave (CA-PFL) program, the first source of government-provided paid parental leave available to fathers in the Unites States. Relative to the pre-treatment mean, fathers of infants in California are 46 percent more likely to be on leave when CA-PFL is available. In households where both parents work, we find suggestive evidence that CA-PFL increases both father-only leave-taking (i.e., father on leave while mother is at work) and joint leave-taking (i.e., both parents on leave at the same time). Effects are larger for fathers of first-born children than for fathers of later-born children.

How Many Political Parties Should Brazil Have? A Data-Driven Method to Assess and Reduce Fragmentation in Multi-Party Political Systems

PubMed Central

Vaz de Melo, Pedro O. S.

2015-01-01

In June 2013, Brazil faced the largest and most significant mass protests in a generation. These were exacerbated by the population’s disenchantment towards its highly fragmented party system, which is composed by a very large number of political parties. Under these circumstances, presidents are constrained by informal coalition governments, bringing very harmful consequences to the country. In this work I propose ARRANGE, a d A ta d R iven method fo R A ssessing and reduci NG party fragm E ntation in a country. ARRANGE uses as input the roll call data for congress votes on bills and amendments as a proxy for political preferences and ideology. With that, ARRANGE finds the minimum number of parties required to house all congressmen without decreasing party discipline. When applied to Brazil’s historical roll call data, ARRANGE was able to generate 23 distinct configurations that, compared with the status quo, have (i) a significant smaller number of parties, (ii) a higher discipline of partisans towards their parties and (iii) a more even distribution of partisans into parties. ARRANGE is fast and parsimonious, relying on a single, intuitive parameter. PMID:26466365

Third party involvement in barroom conflicts.

PubMed

Parks, Michael J; Osgood, D Wayne; Felson, Richard B; Wells, Samantha; Graham, Kathryn

2013-01-01

This study examines the effect of situational variables on whether third parties intervene in conflicts in barroom settings, and whether they are aggressive or not when they intervene. Based on research on bystander intervention in emergencies, we hypothesized that third parties would be most likely to become involved in incidents with features that convey greater danger of serious harm. The situational variables indicative of danger were severity of aggression, whether the aggression was one-sided or mutual, gender, and level of intoxication of the initial participants in the conflict. Analyses consist of cross-tabulations and three-level Hierarchical Logistic Models (with bar, evening, and incidents as levels) for 860 incidents of verbal and physical aggression from 503 nights of observation in 87 large bars and clubs in Toronto, Canada. Third party involvement was more likely during incidents in which: (1) the aggression was more severe; (2) the aggression was mutual (vs. one-sided) aggression; (3) only males (vs. mixed gender) were involved; and (4) participants were more intoxicated. These incident characteristics were stronger predictors of non-aggressive third party involvement than aggressive third party involvement. The findings suggest that third parties are indeed responding to the perceived danger of serious harm. Improving our knowledge about this aspect of aggressive incidents is valuable for developing prevention and intervention approaches designed to reduce aggression in bars and other locations. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

28 CFR 68.33 - Participation of parties and representation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... representation. 68.33 Section 68.33 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) RULES OF PRACTICE... FRAUD § 68.33 Participation of parties and representation. (a) Participation of parties. Any party shall...) Representation for parties other than the Department of Justice. Persons who may appear before the Administrative...

28 CFR 68.33 - Participation of parties and representation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... representation. 68.33 Section 68.33 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) RULES OF PRACTICE... FRAUD § 68.33 Participation of parties and representation. (a) Participation of parties. Any party shall...) Representation for parties other than the Department of Justice. Persons who may appear before the Administrative...

28 CFR 68.33 - Participation of parties and representation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... representation. 68.33 Section 68.33 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) RULES OF PRACTICE... FRAUD § 68.33 Participation of parties and representation. (a) Participation of parties. Any party shall...) Representation for parties other than the Department of Justice. Persons who may appear before the Administrative...

28 CFR 68.33 - Participation of parties and representation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... representation. 68.33 Section 68.33 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) RULES OF PRACTICE... FRAUD § 68.33 Participation of parties and representation. (a) Participation of parties. Any party shall...) Representation for parties other than the Department of Justice. Persons who may appear before the Administrative...

No third-party punishment in chimpanzees

PubMed Central

Riedl, Katrin; Jensen, Keith; Call, Josep; Tomasello, Michael

2012-01-01

Punishment can help maintain cooperation by deterring free-riding and cheating. Of particular importance in large-scale human societies is third-party punishment in which individuals punish a transgressor or norm violator even when they themselves are not affected. Nonhuman primates and other animals aggress against conspecifics with some regularity, but it is unclear whether this is ever aimed at punishing others for noncooperation, and whether third-party punishment occurs at all. Here we report an experimental study in which one of humans' closest living relatives, chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), could punish an individual who stole food. Dominants retaliated when their own food was stolen, but they did not punish when the food of third-parties was stolen, even when the victim was related to them. Third-party punishment as a means of enforcing cooperation, as humans do, might therefore be a derived trait in the human lineage. PMID:22927412

7 CFR 29.28 - Interested party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Interested party. 29.28 Section 29.28 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing... INSPECTION Regulations Definitions § 29.28 Interested party. The owner or other financially interested person...

Strong polygamy of quantum correlations in multi-party quantum systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Jeong San

2014-10-01

We propose a new type of polygamy inequality for multi-party quantum entanglement. We first consider the possible amount of bipartite entanglement distributed between a fixed party and any subset of the rest parties in a multi-party quantum system. By using the summation of these distributed entanglements, we provide an upper bound of the distributed entanglement between a party and the rest in multi-party quantum systems. We then show that this upper bound also plays as a lower bound of the usual polygamy inequality, therefore the strong polygamy of multi-party quantum entanglement. For the case of multi-party pure states, we further show that the strong polygamy of entanglement implies the strong polygamy of quantum discord.

5 CFR 470.203 - Eligible parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Eligible parties. 470.203 Section 470.203 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT RESEARCH... Eligible parties. Research may be conducted by the Office of Personnel Management, or under contract or...

Modeling interactions between political parties and electors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bagarello, F.; Gargano, F.

2017-09-01

In this paper we extend some recent results on an operatorial approach to the description of alliances between political parties interacting among themselves and with a basin of electors. In particular, we propose and compare three different models, deducing the dynamics of their related decision functions, i.e. the attitude of each party to form or not an alliance. In the first model the interactions between each party and their electors are considered. We show that these interactions drive the decision functions toward certain asymptotic values depending on the electors only: this is the perfect party, which behaves following the electors' suggestions. The second model is an extension of the first one in which we include a rule which modifies the status of the electors, and of the decision functions as a consequence, at some specific time step. In the third model we neglect the interactions with the electors while we consider cubic and quartic interactions between the parties and we show that we get (slightly oscillating) asymptotic values for the decision functions, close to their initial values. This is the real party, which does not listen to the electors. Several explicit situations are considered in details and numerical results are also shown.

49 CFR 1016.305 - Comments by other parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Comments by other parties. 1016.305 Section 1016.305 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE TRANSPORTATION... § 1016.305 Comments by other parties. Any party to a proceeding other than the applicant and agency...

49 CFR 1016.305 - Comments by other parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 8 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Comments by other parties. 1016.305 Section 1016.305 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE TRANSPORTATION... § 1016.305 Comments by other parties. Any party to a proceeding other than the applicant and agency...

K-Anonymous Multi-party Secret Handshakes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Shouhuai; Yung, Moti

Anonymity-protection techniques are crucial for various commercial and financial transactions, where participants are worried about their privacy. On the other hand, authentication methods are also crucial for such interactions. Secret handshake is a relatively recent mechanism that facilitates privacy-preserving mutual authentication between communicating peers. In recent years, researchers have proposed a set of secret handshake schemes based on different assumptions about the credentials used: from one-time credentials to the more general PKI-like credentials. In this paper, we concentrate on k-anonymous secret handshake schemes based on PKI-like infrastructures. More specifically, we deal with the k-anonymous m-party (m > 2) secret handshake problem, which is significantly more involved than its two-party counterpart due to the following: When an honest user hand-shakes with m - 1 parties, it must be assured that these parties are distinct; otherwise, under the mask of anonymity a dishonest participant may clone itself in a single handshake session (i.e., assuming multiple personalities).

Use of Third-Party Credibility in Hostile Situations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gorney, Carole M.

A study analyzed the use of third-party credibility as a deliberate and systematic public relations strategy to regain credibility for an organization faced with public hostility. Four types of third-party usage are: citizen participation, outside investigation, adversarial advocacy, and employee dissemination. Third-party credibility as a public…

PartyIntents: A Portal Survey to Assess Gay and Bisexual Men's Risk Behaviors at Weekend Parties

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ramchand, Rajeev; Becker, Kirsten; Ruder, Teague; Fisher, Michael P.

2011-01-01

PartyIntents examines whether portal survey methods could be used to anonymously survey gay and bisexual men about HIV-risk behaviors before and after a weekend party-oriented vacation. The study recruited 97% of eligible men and of these 489 participants 47% completed the follow-up assessment. Approximately one half of the men intended to use…

29 CFR 825.202 - Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Employee Leave Entitlements Under the Family and Medical Leave Act § 825.202 Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule. (a) Definition. FMLA... time, normally from full-time to part-time. (b) Medical necessity. For intermittent leave or leave on a...

29 CFR 825.202 - Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Employee Leave Entitlements Under the Family and Medical Leave Act § 825.202 Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule. (a) Definition. FMLA... time, normally from full-time to part-time. (b) Medical necessity. For intermittent leave or leave on a...

29 CFR 825.202 - Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Employee Leave Entitlements Under the Family and Medical Leave Act § 825.202 Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule. (a) Definition. FMLA... time, normally from full-time to part-time. (b) Medical necessity. For intermittent leave or leave on a...

29 CFR 825.202 - Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Employee Leave Entitlements Under the Family and Medical Leave Act § 825.202 Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule. (a) Definition. FMLA... time, normally from full-time to part-time. (b) Medical necessity. For intermittent leave or leave on a...

The Dark Side of Altruistic Third-Party Punishment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leibbrandt, Andreas; Lopez-Perez, Raul

2011-01-01

This article experimentally studies punishment from unaffected third parties in ten different games. The authors show that third-party punishment exhibits several features that are arguably undesirable. First, third parties punish strongly a decider if she chooses a socially efficient or a Pareto efficient allocation and becomes the richest party…

21 CFR 1404.950 - Excluded Parties List System

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Excluded Parties List System 1404.950 Section 1404.950 Food and Drugs OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 1404.950 Excluded Parties List System Excluded Parties List System (EPLS) means the...

5 CFR 630.1204 - Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... insurance, health benefits, retirement coverage, and leave accrual). (e) The agency shall determine the... REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Family and Medical Leave § 630.1204 Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule... reduced leave schedule unless the employee and the agency agree to do so. (b) Leave under § 630.1203(a) (3...

Political Party System Institutionalization and Democracy: The Case of Panama

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-03-01

United States foreign policy have, historically, significantly affected Panamanian politics. Giovanni Sartori has emphasized that political parties...This thesis investigates that relationship, the level of 16 Giovanni Sartori , Parties and Party Systems; A Framework for Analysis (Cambridge...analyze the level of political party institutionalization in Panama. As Giovanni Sartori succinctly states in his excellent book on parties and

12 CFR 263.102 - Prevailing party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Prevailing party. 263.102 Section 263.102 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM RULES... Prevailing party. Only an eligible applicant that prevailed on the merits of an adversary proceeding may...

Sex Parties: Female Teen Sexual Experimentation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Toscano, Sharyl Eve

2006-01-01

Adolescent participants in a study aimed at exploring the nature and characteristics of girls' dating relationships revealed the phenomenon of sex parties. These teens defined a "sex party" as an opportunity to engage in sexual contact outside of typical dating relationships. Sexual activity could involve actual intercourse, but usually involved…

42 CFR 430.83 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS GRANTS TO STATES FOR MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS Hearings on Conformity of State Medicaid Plans and Practice to Federal Requirements § 430.83 Rights of parties. All parties may...

5 CFR 630.1205 - Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Family and Medical Leave § 630.1205 Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule. (a) Leave under § 630.1203(a) (1) or (2) of this part shall not be taken intermittently or on a... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Intermittent leave or reduced leave...

5 CFR 630.1205 - Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Family and Medical Leave § 630.1205 Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule. (a) Leave under § 630.1203(a) (1) or (2) of this part shall not be taken intermittently or on a... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Intermittent leave or reduced leave...

5 CFR 630.1204 - Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Family and Medical Leave § 630.1204 Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule. (a) Leave under § 630.1203(a) (1) or (2) of this part shall not be taken intermittently or on a... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Intermittent leave or reduced leave...

5 CFR 630.1205 - Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Family and Medical Leave § 630.1205 Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule. (a) Leave under § 630.1203(a) (1) or (2) of this part shall not be taken intermittently or on a... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Intermittent leave or reduced leave...

15 CFR 18.18 - Comments by other parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Comments by other parties. 18.18 Section 18.18 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce ATTORNEY'S FEES AND OTHER EXPENSES Procedures for Considering Applications § 18.18 Comments by other parties. Any party to a...

15 CFR 18.18 - Comments by other parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Comments by other parties. 18.18 Section 18.18 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce ATTORNEY'S FEES AND OTHER EXPENSES Procedures for Considering Applications § 18.18 Comments by other parties. Any party to a...

15 CFR 18.18 - Comments by other parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Comments by other parties. 18.18 Section 18.18 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce ATTORNEY'S FEES AND OTHER EXPENSES Procedures for Considering Applications § 18.18 Comments by other parties. Any party to a...

15 CFR 18.18 - Comments by other parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Comments by other parties. 18.18 Section 18.18 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce ATTORNEY'S FEES AND OTHER EXPENSES Procedures for Considering Applications § 18.18 Comments by other parties. Any party to a...

15 CFR 18.18 - Comments by other parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Comments by other parties. 18.18 Section 18.18 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce ATTORNEY'S FEES AND OTHER EXPENSES Procedures for Considering Applications § 18.18 Comments by other parties. Any party to a...

12 CFR 747.603 - Prevailing party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Prevailing party. 747.603 Section 747.603 Banks... in NCUA Board Adjudications § 747.603 Prevailing party. An eligible applicant may be a “prevailing... dismissed. In appropriate situations an applicant may also have prevailed if the outcome of the proceeding...

6 CFR 13.13 - Parties to the hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Parties to the hearing. 13.13 Section 13.13 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 13.13 Parties to the hearing. (a) The parties to the hearing will be the Defendant and the Authority...

45 CFR 99.22 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... CHILD CARE AND DEVELOPMENT FUND Hearing Procedures § 99.22 Rights of parties. All parties may: (a... the issues at the hearing; (f) Present witnesses who then must be available for cross-examination by...

45 CFR 99.22 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... CHILD CARE AND DEVELOPMENT FUND Hearing Procedures § 99.22 Rights of parties. All parties may: (a... the issues at the hearing; (f) Present witnesses who then must be available for cross-examination by...

45 CFR 99.22 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... CHILD CARE AND DEVELOPMENT FUND Hearing Procedures § 99.22 Rights of parties. All parties may: (a... the issues at the hearing; (f) Present witnesses who then must be available for cross-examination by...

45 CFR 99.22 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... CHILD CARE AND DEVELOPMENT FUND Hearing Procedures § 99.22 Rights of parties. All parties may: (a... the issues at the hearing; (f) Present witnesses who then must be available for cross-examination by...

25 CFR 2.11 - Answer of interested party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Answer of interested party. 2.11 Section 2.11 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR PROCEDURES AND PRACTICE APPEALS FROM ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIONS § 2.11 Answer of interested party. (a) Any interested party wishing to participate in an appeal proceeding should file a written answer...

22 CFR 1422.11 - Rights of the parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Rights of the parties. 1422.11 Section 1422.11... PROCEEDINGS § 1422.11 Rights of the parties. (a) A party shall have the right to appear at any hearing in... COUNSEL OF THE FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY; AND THE FOREIGN SERVICE IMPASSE DISPUTES PANEL FOREIGN...

10 CFR 13.13 - Parties to the hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Parties to the hearing. 13.13 Section 13.13 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 13.13 Parties to the hearing. (a) The parties to the hearing shall be the defendant and the authority. (b) Pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 3730(c)(5), a private...

Psychometric Analyses of the Birthday Party

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Young-Sun

2016-01-01

The present research focuses on the psychometric properties of the Birthday Party measure for ages 3-5. The Birthday Party was developed to provide a reliable, valid, and engaging measure of early mathematical content--Number and Operation, Shape, Space, and Pattern--that can be given in either a short or a long form to English and Spanish…

STEM and the Evolution of the Astronomical Star Party

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Day, B. H.; Munive, P.; Franco, J.; Jones, A. P.; Shaner, A. J.; Buxner, S.; Bleacher, L.

2015-12-01

The astronomical star party has long been a powerful and effective way to engage the public and enhance cohesiveness within the amateur astronomy community. Early star parties tended to be strictly small, local events. But with improvements in transportation, larger regional star parties became popular. These advanced the considerable capabilities for citizen science in the amateur community, shared technology and engineering innovations in the field of telescope making, and refined numerous mathematical techniques in areas such instrument design and ephemeris generation, covering the full breadth of STEM. Advancements in astrophotography showcased at these events brought the star party from STEM to STEAM. Now, the advent of social media, web streaming, and virtual presence has facilitated the phenomenon of very large, networked star parties with international scope. These mega star parties take public engagement to a new, far greater levels, giving a vastly larger and more diverse public the opportunity to directly participate in exciting first-hand STEM activities. This presentation will recount the evolution of the star party and will focus on two examples of large, multinational, networked star parties, International Observe the Moon Night and Noche de las Estrellas. We will look at lessons learned and ways to participate.

Race, Ideology, and the Tea Party: A Longitudinal Study

PubMed Central

Knowles, Eric D.; Lowery, Brian S.; Shulman, Elizabeth P.; Schaumberg, Rebecca L.

2013-01-01

The Tea Party movement, which rose to prominence in the United States after the election of President Barack Obama, provides an ideal context in which to examine the roles of racial concerns and ideology in politics. A three-wave longitudinal study tracked changes in White Americans’ self-identification with the Tea Party, racial concerns (prejudice and racial identification), and ideologies (libertarianism and social conservatism) over nine months. Latent Growth Modeling (LGM) was used to evaluate potential causal relationships between Tea Party identification and these factors. Across time points, racial prejudice was indirectly associated with movement identification through Whites’ assertions of national decline. Although initial levels of White identity did not predict change in Tea Party identification, initial levels of Tea Party identification predicted increases in White identity over the study period. Across the three assessments, support for the Tea Party fell among libertarians, but rose among social conservatives. Results are discussed in terms of legitimation theories of prejudice, the “racializing” power of political judgments, and the ideological dynamics of the Tea Party. PMID:23825630

Race, ideology, and the tea party: a longitudinal study.

PubMed

Knowles, Eric D; Lowery, Brian S; Shulman, Elizabeth P; Schaumberg, Rebecca L

2013-01-01

The Tea Party movement, which rose to prominence in the United States after the election of President Barack Obama, provides an ideal context in which to examine the roles of racial concerns and ideology in politics. A three-wave longitudinal study tracked changes in White Americans' self-identification with the Tea Party, racial concerns (prejudice and racial identification), and ideologies (libertarianism and social conservatism) over nine months. Latent Growth Modeling (LGM) was used to evaluate potential causal relationships between Tea Party identification and these factors. Across time points, racial prejudice was indirectly associated with movement identification through Whites' assertions of national decline. Although initial levels of White identity did not predict change in Tea Party identification, initial levels of Tea Party identification predicted increases in White identity over the study period. Across the three assessments, support for the Tea Party fell among libertarians, but rose among social conservatives. Results are discussed in terms of legitimation theories of prejudice, the "racializing" power of political judgments, and the ideological dynamics of the Tea Party.

Parental leave: the impact of recent legislation on parents' leave taking.

PubMed

Han, Wen-Jui; Waldfogel, Jane

2003-02-01

We use data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation to examine the impact of leave entitlements on unpaid leave usage by men and women after the birth of a child from 1991 to 1999. The results indicate that legislation providing the right to unpaid leave has not affected men's leave usage. The results for women are mixed: in some specifications, leave entitlements are associated with increased leave taking or longer leaves, but the results depend on how we define leave coverage. Our results point to the limited impact of unpaid leave policies and the potential importance of paid-leave policies.

12 CFR 263.25 - Request for document discovery from parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Request for document discovery from parties... Request for document discovery from parties. (a) General rule. Any party may serve on any other party a... a reasonable time, place, and manner for production and performing any related acts. In lieu of...

Modelling the dynamics of two political parties in the presence of switching.

PubMed

Nyabadza, F; Alassey, Tobge Yawo; Muchatibaya, Gift

2016-01-01

This paper generalizes the model proposed by Misra, by considering switching between political parties. In the model proposed, the movements of members from political party B to political party C and vice versa, are considered but the net movement is considered by assuming that [Formula: see text] (a constant), which implies that the movement of members is either from party B to party C or from party C to party B. In this paper we remodel these movements through switching functions to capture how individuals switch between parties. The results provide a more comprehensive synopsis of the dynamics between two political parties.

Political Parties and Democracy in Haiti

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-06-01

religion or economic class; an absence of initial party development during the earliest phases of state building; the behavior of government elites... behavior of Haitian elites has more than any other factor inhibited party system institutionalization. All other efforts will be fruitless if the...citizens that it is unlikely to break down. It involves 8 behavioral and institutional changes that normalize democratic politics and narrow its

7 CFR 1782.19 - Third party agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Director may authorize third party operation, maintenance, and management of an Agency financed facility. The borrower's attorney must review the contract, management agreement, written lease, or other third party agreement and issue an opinion to the Agency as to their legal sufficiency. The borrower shall...

28 CFR 115.254 - Third-party reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Third-party reporting. 115.254 Section 115.254 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Community Confinement Facilities Reporting § 115.254 Third-party reporting. The...

28 CFR 115.254 - Third-party reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Third-party reporting. 115.254 Section 115.254 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Community Confinement Facilities Reporting § 115.254 Third-party reporting. The...

28 CFR 115.254 - Third-party reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Third-party reporting. 115.254 Section 115.254 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Community Confinement Facilities Reporting § 115.254 Third-party reporting. The...

28 CFR 115.354 - Third-party reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Third-party reporting. 115.354 Section 115.354 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Juvenile Facilities Reporting § 115.354 Third-party reporting. The agency shall...

28 CFR 115.354 - Third-party reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Third-party reporting. 115.354 Section 115.354 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Juvenile Facilities Reporting § 115.354 Third-party reporting. The agency shall...

28 CFR 115.354 - Third-party reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Third-party reporting. 115.354 Section 115.354 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Juvenile Facilities Reporting § 115.354 Third-party reporting. The agency shall...

49 CFR 260.29 - Third party consultants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... REHABILITATION AND IMPROVEMENT FINANCING PROGRAM Applications for Financial Assistance § 260.29 Third party consultants. Applicants may utilize independent third-party consultants to prepare a financial evaluation of... assist FRA in the evaluation of the application and would significantly reduce the time necessary for FRA...

29 CFR 825.202 - Intermittent leave or reduced leave schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Employee Leave Entitlements Under the Family... leave schedule is a leave schedule that reduces an employee's usual number of working hours per workweek, or hours per workday. A reduced leave schedule is a change in the employee's schedule for a period of...

28 CFR 115.54 - Third-party reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Third-party reporting. 115.54 Section 115.54 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Adult Prisons and Jails Reporting § 115.54 Third-party reporting. The agency shall...

28 CFR 115.154 - Third-party reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Third-party reporting. 115.154 Section 115.154 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Lockups Reporting § 115.154 Third-party reporting. The agency shall establish a...

28 CFR 115.154 - Third-party reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Third-party reporting. 115.154 Section 115.154 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Lockups Reporting § 115.154 Third-party reporting. The agency shall establish a...

28 CFR 115.54 - Third-party reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Third-party reporting. 115.54 Section 115.54 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Adult Prisons and Jails Reporting § 115.54 Third-party reporting. The agency shall...

28 CFR 115.154 - Third-party reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Third-party reporting. 115.154 Section 115.154 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Lockups Reporting § 115.154 Third-party reporting. The agency shall establish a...

28 CFR 115.54 - Third-party reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Third-party reporting. 115.54 Section 115.54 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Adult Prisons and Jails Reporting § 115.54 Third-party reporting. The agency shall...

The PlayParty Project in Oberlin: A Family Affair

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bennett, Peggy D.

2006-01-01

This article focuses on the PlayParty family event held by the Oberlin Conservatory of Music in Ohio. Through PlayParties, families immersed themselves in singing and playing what became traditional singing games. PlayParty songs that are frequently use include Skip to My Lou, Paw Paw Patch and Punchinella.

Nosy Neighbors: Third-Party Actors in Central American Conflicts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gleditsch, Kristian Skrede; Beardsley, Kyle

2004-01-01

Scholars argue that third parties make rational calculations and intervene to influence interstate dispute outcomes in favor of their own objectives. Third parties affect not only conflict outcomes but also escalation and duration. Theories of third-party involvement are applied to understand the dynamics of intrastate war. An analysis of event…

29 CFR 2200.21 - Intervention; appearance by non-parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Intervention; appearance by non-parties. 2200.21 Section... COMMISSION RULES OF PROCEDURE Parties and Representatives § 2200.21 Intervention; appearance by non-parties... will assist in the determination of the issues in question, and that the intervention will not unduly...

29 CFR 2200.21 - Intervention; appearance by non-parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Intervention; appearance by non-parties. 2200.21 Section... COMMISSION RULES OF PROCEDURE Parties and Representatives § 2200.21 Intervention; appearance by non-parties... will assist in the determination of the issues in question, and that the intervention will not unduly...

29 CFR 2200.21 - Intervention; appearance by non-parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Intervention; appearance by non-parties. 2200.21 Section... COMMISSION RULES OF PROCEDURE Parties and Representatives § 2200.21 Intervention; appearance by non-parties... will assist in the determination of the issues in question, and that the intervention will not unduly...

29 CFR 2200.21 - Intervention; appearance by non-parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Intervention; appearance by non-parties. 2200.21 Section... COMMISSION RULES OF PROCEDURE Parties and Representatives § 2200.21 Intervention; appearance by non-parties... will assist in the determination of the issues in question, and that the intervention will not unduly...

29 CFR 2200.21 - Intervention; appearance by non-parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Intervention; appearance by non-parties. 2200.21 Section... COMMISSION RULES OF PROCEDURE Parties and Representatives § 2200.21 Intervention; appearance by non-parties... will assist in the determination of the issues in question, and that the intervention will not unduly...

Party Secretaries in Chinese Higher Education Institutions: What Roles Do They Play?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jiang, Hua; Li, Xiaobin

2016-01-01

The Chinese political party in power is the Communist Party. In higher education institutions the Party secretary is a ubiquitous presence. The purpose of this study was to answer the question, "What roles do Party secretaries play?" The Party committee headed by the Party secretary in an institution is supposed to lead the institution.…

Homogeneity of Political Party Preferences between Spouses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weiner, Terry S.

1978-01-01

A study investigated how political socialization within marriages affects political party affiliation. Findings indicated that the high degree of homogeneity of party preferences between spouses is due both to assortive mating and to influences of each spouse upon the other. For journal availability, see SO 506 355. (Author/DB)

29 CFR 2570.133 - Parties, how designated.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Parties, how designated. 2570.133 Section 2570.133 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... ERISA Section 502(c)(7) § 2570.133 Parties, how designated. For 502(c)(7) civil penalty proceedings...

29 CFR 2570.133 - Parties, how designated.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Parties, how designated. 2570.133 Section 2570.133 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... ERISA Section 502(c)(7) § 2570.133 Parties, how designated. For 502(c)(7) civil penalty proceedings...

29 CFR 2570.133 - Parties, how designated.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Parties, how designated. 2570.133 Section 2570.133 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... ERISA Section 502(c)(7) § 2570.133 Parties, how designated. For 502(c)(7) civil penalty proceedings...

5 CFR 1201.122 - Filing complaint; serving documents on parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Disciplinary Actions § 1201.122 Filing complaint; serving documents on parties. (a) Place of filing. A Special... tabbed exhibits or attachments, if any, and a certificate of service listing each party or the party's...

14 CFR 77.65 - Recommendations by parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Recommendations by parties. 77.65 Section... Recommendations by parties. Within 20 days after the mailing of the record of hearing by the official reporter, or... copies of his recommendations for a final decision to be made by the Administrator. ...

Secure multi-party quantum summation based on quantum Fourier transform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Hui-Yi; Ye, Tian-Yu

2018-06-01

In this paper, we propose a novel secure multi-party quantum summation protocol based on quantum Fourier transform, where the traveling particles are transmitted in a tree-type mode. The party who prepares the initial quantum states is assumed to be semi-honest, which means that she may misbehave on her own but will not conspire with anyone. The proposed protocol can resist both the outside attacks and the participant attacks. Especially, one party cannot obtain other parties' private integer strings; and it is secure for the colluding attack performed by at most n - 2 parties, where n is the number of parties. In addition, the proposed protocol calculates the addition of modulo d and implements the calculation of addition in a secret-by-secret way rather than a bit-by-bit way.

A novel quantum solution to secure two-party distance computation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peng, Zhen-wan; Shi, Run-hua; Wang, Pan-hong; Zhang, Shun

2018-06-01

Secure Two-Party Distance Computation is an important primitive of Secure Multiparty Computational Geometry that it involves two parties, where each party has a private point, and the two parties want to jointly compute the distance between their points without revealing anything about their respective private information. Secure Two-Party Distance Computation has very important and potential applications in settings of high secure requirements, such as privacy-preserving Determination of Spatial Location-Relation, Determination of Polygons Similarity, and so on. In this paper, we present a quantum protocol for Secure Two-Party Distance Computation by using QKD-based Quantum Private Query. The security of the protocol is based on the physical principles of quantum mechanics, instead of difficulty assumptions, and therefore, it can ensure higher security than the classical related protocols.

42 CFR 1005.3 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Rights of parties. 1005.3 Section 1005.3 Public Health OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL-HEALTH CARE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES OIG AUTHORITIES APPEALS OF EXCLUSIONS, CIVIL MONEY PENALTIES AND ASSESSMENTS § 1005.3 Rights of parties. (a) Except as...

42 CFR 1005.3 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Rights of parties. 1005.3 Section 1005.3 Public Health OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL-HEALTH CARE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES OIG AUTHORITIES APPEALS OF EXCLUSIONS, CIVIL MONEY PENALTIES AND ASSESSMENTS § 1005.3 Rights of parties. (a) Except as...

42 CFR 1005.3 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Rights of parties. 1005.3 Section 1005.3 Public Health OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL-HEALTH CARE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES OIG AUTHORITIES APPEALS OF EXCLUSIONS, CIVIL MONEY PENALTIES AND ASSESSMENTS § 1005.3 Rights of parties. (a) Except as...

42 CFR 1005.3 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Rights of parties. 1005.3 Section 1005.3 Public Health OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL-HEALTH CARE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES OIG AUTHORITIES APPEALS OF EXCLUSIONS, CIVIL MONEY PENALTIES AND ASSESSMENTS § 1005.3 Rights of parties. (a) Except as...

6 CFR 27.410 - Third party actions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Third party actions. 27.410 Section 27.410 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI-TERRORISM STANDARDS Other § 27.410 Third party actions. (a) Nothing in this part shall confer upon any person except...

6 CFR 27.410 - Third party actions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Third party actions. 27.410 Section 27.410 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI-TERRORISM STANDARDS Other § 27.410 Third party actions. (a) Nothing in this part shall confer upon any person except...

6 CFR 27.410 - Third party actions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Third party actions. 27.410 Section 27.410 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI-TERRORISM STANDARDS Other § 27.410 Third party actions. (a) Nothing in this part shall confer upon any person except...

6 CFR 27.410 - Third party actions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Third party actions. 27.410 Section 27.410 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI-TERRORISM STANDARDS Other § 27.410 Third party actions. (a) Nothing in this part shall confer upon any person except...

6 CFR 27.410 - Third party actions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Third party actions. 27.410 Section 27.410 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI-TERRORISM STANDARDS Other § 27.410 Third party actions. (a) Nothing in this Part shall confer upon any person except...

49 CFR 383.75 - Third party testing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...) Third party tests. A State may authorize a third party tester to administer the skills tests as specified in subparts G and H of this part, if the following conditions are met: (1) The skills tests given... version of the skills tests, the same written instructions for test applicants, and the same scoring...

The Radish Party

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Piotrowski, Jeff; Mildenstein, Tammy; Dungan, Kathy; Brewer, Carol

2007-01-01

The Radish Party inquiry is designed to teach the importance and relevance of soil organic matter to young students. In this investigation, students grow radishes in three different kinds of soils: sand, sand plus nutrients, and potting soil (soil that includes organic matter). The experience described here was conducted with first- and…

5 CFR 630.1003 - Establishing leave banks and leave bank boards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... boards. 630.1003 Section 630.1003 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Voluntary Leave Bank Program § 630.1003 Establishing leave banks and leave bank boards. (a) Each agency that participates in the voluntary leave bank program shall, in accordance with...

5 CFR 630.1003 - Establishing leave banks and leave bank boards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... boards. 630.1003 Section 630.1003 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Voluntary Leave Bank Program § 630.1003 Establishing leave banks and leave bank boards. (a) Each agency that participates in the voluntary leave bank program shall, in accordance with...

5 CFR 630.1003 - Establishing leave banks and leave bank boards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... boards. 630.1003 Section 630.1003 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Voluntary Leave Bank Program § 630.1003 Establishing leave banks and leave bank boards. (a) Each agency that participates in the voluntary leave bank program shall, in accordance with...

5 CFR 630.1003 - Establishing leave banks and leave bank boards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... boards. 630.1003 Section 630.1003 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Voluntary Leave Bank Program § 630.1003 Establishing leave banks and leave bank boards. (a) Each agency that participates in the voluntary leave bank program shall, in accordance with...

14 CFR 77.65 - Recommendations by parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Recommendations by parties. 77.65 Section... Subpart D § 77.65 Recommendations by parties. Within 20 days after the mailing of the record of hearing by... presiding officer five copies of his recommendations for a final decision to be made by the Administrator. ...

Multipartite entanglement verification resistant against dishonest parties.

PubMed

Pappa, Anna; Chailloux, André; Wehner, Stephanie; Diamanti, Eleni; Kerenidis, Iordanis

2012-06-29

Future quantum information networks will consist of quantum and classical agents, who have the ability to communicate in a variety of ways with trusted and untrusted parties and securely delegate computational tasks to untrusted large-scale quantum computing servers. Multipartite quantum entanglement is a fundamental resource for such a network and, hence, it is imperative to study the possibility of verifying a multipartite entanglement source in a way that is efficient and provides strong guarantees even in the presence of multiple dishonest parties. In this Letter, we show how an agent of a quantum network can perform a distributed verification of a source creating multipartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states with minimal resources, which is, nevertheless, resistant against any number of dishonest parties. Moreover, we provide a tight tradeoff between the level of security and the distance between the state produced by the source and the ideal GHZ state. Last, by adding the resource of a trusted common random source, we can further provide security guarantees for all honest parties in the quantum network simultaneously.

Parental Leave Policies and Parents’ Employment and Leave-Taking

PubMed Central

Han, Wen-Jui; Ruhm, Christopher; Waldfogel, Jane

2009-01-01

We describe trends in maternal employment and leave-taking after birth of a newborn and analyze the extent to which these behaviors are influenced by parental leave policies. Data are from the June Current Population Survey (CPS) Fertility Supplements, merged with other months of the CPS, and cover the period 1987 to 1994. This time-span is one during which parental leave legislation expanded at both the state and federal level. We also provide the first comprehensive examination of employment and leave-taking by fathers of infants. Our main finding is that leave expansions are associated with increased leave-taking by both mothers and fathers. The magnitudes of the changes are small in absolute terms but large relative to the baseline for men and much greater for college-educated or married mothers than for their less-educated or single counterparts. PMID:19090048

27 CFR 70.26 - Third-party recordkeepers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

...) Definitions—(1) Accountant. A person is an “accountant” under 26 U.S.C. 7609(a)(3)(F) for purposes of... certified under State law as an accountant. (2) Attorney. A person is an “attorney” under 26 U.S.C. 7609(a...-party recordkeeper. Thus, for instance, an accountant is not a third-party recordkeeper (by reason of...

Physiological responses and partisan bias: beyond self-reported measures of party identification.

PubMed

Petersen, Michael Bang; Giessing, Ann; Nielsen, Jesper

2015-01-01

People are biased partisans: they tend to agree with policies from political parties they identify with, independent of policy content. Here, we investigate how physiological reactions to political parties shape bias. Using changes in galvanic skin conductance responses to the visual presentation of party logos, we obtained an implicit and physiological measure of the affective arousal associated with political parties. Subsequently, we exposed subjects to classical party cue experiments where the party sponsors of specific policies were experimentally varied. We found that partisan bias only obtains among those exhibiting a strong physiological reaction to the party source; being a self-reported party identifier is not sufficient on its own. This suggests that partisan bias is rooted in implicit, affective reactions.

Physiological Responses and Partisan Bias: Beyond Self-Reported Measures of Party Identification

PubMed Central

Petersen, Michael Bang; Giessing, Ann; Nielsen, Jesper

2015-01-01

People are biased partisans: they tend to agree with policies from political parties they identify with, independent of policy content. Here, we investigate how physiological reactions to political parties shape bias. Using changes in galvanic skin conductance responses to the visual presentation of party logos, we obtained an implicit and physiological measure of the affective arousal associated with political parties. Subsequently, we exposed subjects to classical party cue experiments where the party sponsors of specific policies were experimentally varied. We found that partisan bias only obtains among those exhibiting a strong physiological reaction to the party source; being a self-reported party identifier is not sufficient on its own. This suggests that partisan bias is rooted in implicit, affective reactions. PMID:26010527

Creating A Nationwide Nonpartisan Initiative for Family Caregivers in Political Party Platforms.

PubMed

Scribner, Ben; Lynn, Joanne; Walker, Victoria; Morgan, Les; Montgomery, Anne; Blair, Elizabeth; Baird, Davis; Goldschmidt, Barbara; Kirschenbaum, Naomi

2017-06-01

Policymakers have been slow to support family caregivers, and political agendas mostly fail to address the cost burdens, impact on employment and productivity, and other challenges in taking on long-term care tasks. This project set out to raise policymakers' awareness of family caregivers through proposals to Republican and Democratic party platforms during the 2016 political season. The Family Caregiver Platform Project (FCPP) reviewed the state party platform submission process for Democratic and Republican parties in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. We built a website to make each process understandable by caregiver advocates. We designed model submissions to help volunteers tailor a proposal and recruited caregiver advocates participating in their state process. Finally, we mobilized a ground operation in many states and followed the progress of submissions in each state, as well as the formation of the national platforms. In 39 states, at least one party, Republican or Democrat, hosted a state party platform process. As of September 2016 FCPP volunteers submitted proposals to 29 state parties in 22 states. Family caregiver language was added to eight state party platforms, one state party resolution, two bipartisan legislative resolutions, and one national party platform. The FCPP generated a non-partisan grassroots effort to educate and motivate policymakers to address caregiving issues and solutions. Democratic party leaders provided more opportunities to connect with political leaders, with seven Democratic parties and one Republican party, addressing family caregiver issues in their party platforms. © 2017, Copyright the Authors Journal compilation © 2017, The American Geriatrics Society.

49 CFR 1108.13 - Additional parties per side.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 8 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Additional parties per side. 1108.13 Section 1108.13 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE TRANSPORTATION... STATUTORY JURISDICTION OF THE SURFACE TRANSPORTATION BOARD § 1108.13 Additional parties per side. Where an...

49 CFR 1108.13 - Additional parties per side.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 8 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Additional parties per side. 1108.13 Section 1108.13 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE TRANSPORTATION... STATUTORY JURISDICTION OF THE SURFACE TRANSPORTATION BOARD § 1108.13 Additional parties per side. Where an...

16 CFR 1061.10 - Information on affected parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Information on affected parties. 1061.10 Section 1061.10 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION GENERAL APPLICATIONS FOR EXEMPTION FROM PREEMPTION § 1061.10 Information on affected parties. An application for an exemption from...

29 CFR 1425.6 - Use of third-party mediation assistance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Use of third-party mediation assistance. 1425.6 Section 1425.6 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) FEDERAL MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE MEDIATION ASSISTANCE IN THE FEDERAL SERVICE § 1425.6 Use of third-party mediation assistance. If the parties...

Two-party secret key distribution via a modified quantum secret sharing protocol.

PubMed

Grice, W P; Evans, P G; Lawrie, B; Legré, M; Lougovski, P; Ray, W; Williams, B P; Qi, B; Smith, A M

2015-03-23

We present and demonstrate a novel protocol for distributing secret keys between two and only two parties based on N-party single-qubit Quantum Secret Sharing (QSS). We demonstrate our new protocol with N = 3 parties using phase-encoded photons. We show that any two out of N parties can build a secret key based on partial information from each other and with collaboration from the remaining N - 2 parties. Our implementation allows for an accessible transition between N-party QSS and arbitrary two party QKD without modification of hardware. In addition, our approach significantly reduces the number of resources such as single photon detectors, lasers and dark fiber connections needed to implement QKD.

Effects and outcomes of third-party reproduction: parents.

PubMed

Greenfeld, Dorothy A

2015-09-01

Third-party reproduction has introduced a host of changing family constellations. Research has shown that children conceived through third-party reproduction are doing well psychologically and developmentally, but what about their parents? How have they coped with the transition to third-party reproduction? Has the experience impacted their marital stability or the quality of their parenting? This review will address parents of children conceived through oocyte donation, parents of children conceived through gestational surrogacy, and gay male parents of children conceived through oocyte donation and gestational surrogacy. Copyright © 2015 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

'Party Line' Information Use Studies and Implications for ATV Datalink Communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pritchett, Amy; Hansman, R. John; Midkiff, Alan

1995-01-01

The perceived importance and utilization of 'party line' information by air carrier flight crews was investigated through pilot surveys and a flight simulation study. The Importance, Availability, and Accuracy of party line information elements were explored through surveys of pilots of several operational types. The survey identified numerous traffic and weather party line information elements which were considered important. These elements were scripted into a full-mission flight simulation which examined the utilization of party line information by studying subject responses to specific information element stimuli. The awareness of the different Party Line elements varied, and awareness was also affected by pilot workload. In addition, pilots were aware of some traffic information elements, but were reluctant to act on Party Line Information alone. Finally, the importance of party line information appears to be greatest for operations near or on the airport. This indicates that caution should be exercised when implementing datalink communications in tower and close-in terminal control sectors.

Controlled mutual quantum entity authentication with an untrusted third party

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kang, Min-Sung; Heo, Jino; Hong, Chang-Ho; Yang, Hyung-Jin; Han, Sang-Wook; Moon, Sung

2018-07-01

We propose a quantum control entity mutual authentication protocol that can be executed in environments involving an untrusted third party. In general, the third party, referred to as Charlie, can be an entity such as a telephone company, server, financial company, or login webpage for a portal service. Most communication protocols controlled by third parties are vulnerable to internal attacks. In this study, we present two solutions that make use of an entanglement correlation checking method and random numbers against an internal attack by an untrusted third party.

South Georgia Autograph Parties.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Womack, Geneva H.

1978-01-01

The manager of the South Georgia College Bookstore describes several autograph parties used as a sales promotion technique. The planning process, including initial contacts with the guest authors, are discussed, and the schedules and events of the authors' visits are reviewed. (JMD)

42 CFR 426.418 - LCD record furnished to aggrieved party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false LCD record furnished to aggrieved party. 426.418... COVERAGE DETERMINATIONS Review of an LCD § 426.418 LCD record furnished to aggrieved party. (a) Elements of a contractor's LCD record furnished to the aggrieved party. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of...

42 CFR 426.418 - LCD record furnished to aggrieved party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false LCD record furnished to aggrieved party. 426.418... COVERAGE DETERMINATIONS Review of an LCD § 426.418 LCD record furnished to aggrieved party. (a) Elements of a contractor's LCD record furnished to the aggrieved party. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of...

42 CFR 426.418 - LCD record furnished to aggrieved party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false LCD record furnished to aggrieved party. 426.418... COVERAGE DETERMINATIONS Review of an LCD § 426.418 LCD record furnished to aggrieved party. (a) Elements of a contractor's LCD record furnished to the aggrieved party. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of...

12 CFR 1780.27 - Request for document discovery from parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Request for document discovery from parties... Proceedings § 1780.27 Request for document discovery from parties. (a) General rule. Any party may serve on... specify a reasonable time, place and manner for production and performing any related acts. In lieu of...

12 CFR 908.47 - Request for document discovery from parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Request for document discovery from parties... § 908.47 Request for document discovery from parties. (a) General rule. Any party may serve on any other... time, place and manner for production and performing any related acts. In lieu of inspecting the...

Selfish third parties act as peacemakers by transforming conflicts and promoting cooperation.

PubMed

Halevy, Nir; Halali, Eliran

2015-06-02

The tremendous costs of conflict have made humans resourceful not only at warfare but also at peacemaking. Although third parties have acted as peacemakers since the dawn of history, little is known about voluntary, informal third-party intervention in conflict. Here we introduce the Peacemaker Game, a novel experimental paradigm, to model and study the interdependence between disputants and third parties in conflict. In the game, two disputants choose whether to cooperate or compete and a third party chooses whether or not to intervene in the conflict. Intervention introduces side payments that transform the game disputants are playing; it also introduces risk for the third party by making it vulnerable to disputants' choices. Six experiments revealed three robust effects: (i) The mere possibility of third-party intervention significantly increases cooperation in interpersonal and intergroup conflicts; (ii) reducing the risk to third parties dramatically increases intervention rates, to everyone's benefit; and (iii) disputants' cooperation rates are consistently higher than third parties' intervention rates. These findings explain why, how, and when self-interested third parties facilitate peaceful conflict resolution.

Party Secretaries in Chinese Higher Education Institutions, Who Are They?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jiang, Hua; Li, Xiaobin

2012-01-01

With approximately 30 million students the Chinese higher education system is the largest in the world. In every publicly funded institution there is a communist party secretary, however, little is known about these party secretaries. The purpose of the study was to understand who these people were. We collected data from 1,751 party secretaries…

A Practical Guide to Preventing and Dispersing Underage Drinking Parties

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2011

2011-01-01

This guide describes the role of enforcement and community organizations or groups in preventing underage drinking parties and how to safely disperse them. It describes the problem of underage drinking, in general, and youth-drinking parties in particular. It provides step-by-step information on how to address underage drinking parties and how to…

38 CFR 17.106 - VA collection rules; third-party payers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... a veteran who is also a beneficiary under the third-party payer's plan. VA's right to recover or... prosecute legal proceedings against a third-party payer to enforce a right of the United States under 38 U.S... the terms and conditions of the third-party payer's plan. Patient care records will not be made...

38 CFR 17.106 - VA collection rules; third-party payers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... a veteran who is also a beneficiary under the third-party payer's plan. VA's right to recover or... prosecute legal proceedings against a third-party payer to enforce a right of the United States under 38 U.S... the terms and conditions of the third-party payer's plan. Patient care records will not be made...

Economics of Third-Party Central Heating Plants to Supply the Army

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-01-01

Third-Party Gas-Fired Boiler Economics 52 APPENDIX C: Third-Party Gas Turbine Cogeneration Economics ( PURPA ) 58 APPENDIX D: Government Gas Turbine...Turbine Cogeneration Economics (Installation and PURPA Purchase) 76 APPENDIX G: Checklist for Identifying Optimal Third-Party Projects and Bidders 82...of scale 37 4 Relative costs of thermal energy from third-party cogeneration plants (@ 4C/kWh PURPA payment) 38 5 Comparison of life-cycle costs for

Catch rates relative to angler party size with implications for monitoring angler success

USGS Publications Warehouse

Miranda, L.E.

2005-01-01

Angler catch rates often are used to monitor angler success, assess the need for additional management actions, and evaluate the effectiveness of management practices. Potential linkages between catch rate and angler party size were examined to assess how party size might affect the use of catch rate as an index of angler success in recreational fisheries. Data representing 22,355 completed interviews conducted at access points in lakes and reservoirs throughout Mississippi during 1987-2003 were analyzed. Total party catch was not proportional to total party effort; thus, catch rate decreased as party size increased. Depending on the taxa targeted, the average catch rate per angler decreased 40-50% between parties of one and parties of two, although subsequent decreases were less substantial. Because party size accounted for a considerable portion of the variability in catch rate over time and space, failure to remove this variability weakens the manager's ability to detect differences or changes in catch rates. Therefore, the use of catch rates to monitor fisheries may be inappropriate unless party size is taken into account. Party size may influence the angler's ability to catch fish through a variety of processes, including partitioning a limited number of catchable fish among members of a party and party composition. When catch rates are used to estimate total catch rather than to index angler success, party size is not a concern.

Education Policies of Turkish Political Parties and Their Possible Effects on Economic Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nartgun, Senay S.; Eren, Altay

2007-01-01

This study examines the educational policies of Turkish political parties and their possible effects on economic development. Document analysis method was used to investigate the principles of education policies under various party programs--namely, the Great Union Party, the Independent Turkey Party, the Justice and Development Party, the…

"Party Line" Information Use Studies and Implications for ATC Datalink Communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hansman, R. John; Pritchett, Amy; Midkiff, Alan

1995-01-01

The perceived importance and utilization of 'party line' information by air carrier flight crews was investigated through pilot surveys and a flight simulation study. The importance, availability, and accuracy of party line information elements were explored through surveys of pilots of several operational types. The survey identified numerous traffic and weather party line information elements which were considered important. These elements were scripted into a full-mission flight simulation which examined the utilization of party line information by studying subject responses to specific information element stimuli. The awareness of the different Party Line elements varied, and awareness was also affected by pilot workload. In addition, pilots were aware of some traffic information elements, but were reluctant to act on Party Line Information alone. Finally, the results of both the survey and the simulation indicated that the importance of party line information appeared to be greatest for operations near or on the airport. This indicates that caution should be exercised when implementing datalink communications in tower and close-in terminal control sectors.

42 CFR 430.76 - Parties to the hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Parties to the hearing. 430.76 Section 430.76 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... Conformity of State Medicaid Plans and Practice to Federal Requirements § 430.76 Parties to the hearing. (a...

29 CFR 18.18 - Written interrogatories to parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Written interrogatories to parties. 18.18 Section 18.18 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE FOR ADMINISTRATIVE HEARINGS BEFORE THE OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGES General § 18.18 Written interrogatories to parties. (a...

29 CFR 18.18 - Written interrogatories to parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Written interrogatories to parties. 18.18 Section 18.18 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE FOR ADMINISTRATIVE HEARINGS BEFORE THE OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGES General § 18.18 Written interrogatories to parties. (a...

29 CFR 18.18 - Written interrogatories to parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Written interrogatories to parties. 18.18 Section 18.18 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE FOR ADMINISTRATIVE HEARINGS BEFORE THE OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGES General § 18.18 Written interrogatories to parties. (a...

29 CFR 18.18 - Written interrogatories to parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2014-07-01 2013-07-01 true Written interrogatories to parties. 18.18 Section 18.18 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE FOR ADMINISTRATIVE HEARINGS BEFORE THE OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGES General § 18.18 Written interrogatories to parties. (a...

29 CFR 18.18 - Written interrogatories to parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Written interrogatories to parties. 18.18 Section 18.18 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE FOR ADMINISTRATIVE HEARINGS BEFORE THE OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGES General § 18.18 Written interrogatories to parties. (a...

Political party affiliation, political ideology and mortality

PubMed Central

Pabayo, Roman; Kawachi, Ichiro; Muennig, Peter

2018-01-01

Background Ecological and cross-sectional studies have indicated that conservative political ideology is associated with better health. Longitudinal analyses of mortality are needed because subjective assessments of ideology may confound subjective assessments of health, particularly in cross-sectional analyses. Methods Data were derived from the 2008 General Social Survey-National Death Index data set. Cox proportional analysis models were used to determine whether political party affiliation or political ideology was associated with time to death. Also, we attempted to identify whether self-reported happiness and self-rated health acted as mediators between political beliefs and time to death. Results In this analysis of 32 830 participants and a total follow-up time of 498 845 person-years, we find that political party affiliation and political ideology are associated with mortality. However, with the exception of independents (adjusted HR (AHR)=0.93, 95% CI 0.90 to 0.97), political party differences are explained by the participants’ underlying sociodemographic characteristics. With respect to ideology, conservatives (AHR=1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.12) and moderates (AHR=1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.11) are at greater risk for mortality during follow-up than liberals. Conclusions Political party affiliation and political ideology appear to be different predictors of mortality. PMID:25631861

42 CFR 3.506 - Rights of the parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Rights of the parties. 3.506 Section 3.506 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL PROVISIONS PATIENT SAFETY ORGANIZATIONS AND PATIENT SAFETY WORK PRODUCT Enforcement Program § 3.506 Rights of the parties. (a) Except as...

42 CFR 3.506 - Rights of the parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Rights of the parties. 3.506 Section 3.506 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL PROVISIONS PATIENT SAFETY ORGANIZATIONS AND PATIENT SAFETY WORK PRODUCT Enforcement Program § 3.506 Rights of the parties. (a) Except as...

Third-Party Cooperation: How Reducing Material Involvement Enhances Contributions to the Public Good.

PubMed

Losecaat Vermeer, Annabel B; Heerema, Roeland L; Sanfey, Alan G

2016-03-01

Decisions to cooperate are often delegated to a third party. We examined whether cooperation differs when decisions are made for a third party compared with ourselves and specified which motives are important for third-party cooperation. Participants played multiple rounds of a public goods game (PGG). In Study 1, we varied personal involvement from high to low; participants played for themselves (Self), for themselves and a third party (Shared), and solely for a third party (Third Party). Participants contributed most when personal involvement was lowest (i.e., Third Party) and least when personal involvement was high (i.e., Self). Study 2 explored if social motives underlie third-party cooperation by comparing cooperation with social (human) and non-social (computer) group members. Reducing personal involvement in the PGG (i.e., Third Party) increased cooperation in social contexts compared with non-social contexts, indicating enhanced collective interest. Increased cooperation for a third party may result from taking the other's perspective, thereby increasing social norm preferences. © 2016 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

Immigration politics Italian style: the paradoxical behaviour of mainstream and populist parties.

PubMed

Perlmutter, T

1996-01-01

This article explores the role of electoral politics in managing immigration as a policy option in Italy. Italy was late in passing its first comprehensive immigration legislation (1990). A small, liberal party waged a campaign against the proposed immigration law. A party known for right-wing posturing did not mobilize against the law. These political postures were not anticipated by conventional wisdom. Conventional wisdom suggests that immigration should not be an electoral issue and that consensus solutions should be sought. It is argued that the Italian response supports the view that in a fragmented, multi-party system, minor parties will be more likely to mobilize. Two mass media studies were used as the basis for this article's analysis. The studies provide detailed evidence on party willingness to publicly discuss immigration and the ways the issues are framed. The Italian case illustrates the tendency for mainstream, pro-system parties to politicize the issue and extremist, anti-system parties to depoliticize it. The DC and PCI, as mass parties, behaved traditionally and supported moderately open immigration policies, but in closed forums. The minor parties had a stake in shifting electoral support, so the PSI took an outspoken stand and the PARI publicized its exclusion from the policy-making process and its support for more restrictive policies. It was the constituencies and the leadership structure that facilitated these strategies. The author differs from Betz's party analysis by arguing that party ideology may not be a useful guide for predicting stands on immigration, and that it is difficult to generalize about immigration.

45 CFR 79.13 - Parties to the hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Parties to the hearing. 79.13 Section 79.13 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES § 79.13 Parties to the hearing. (a) The parities to the hearing shall be the defendant and the authority...

15 CFR 748.5 - Parties to the transaction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... parties may be entered on the application. The definitions, which also appear in part 772 of the EAR, are... definition of “exporter” in part 772 of the EAR. (b) Other party authorized to receive license. The person... purpose of effecting delivery of the items to the ultimate consignee. The intermediate consignee may be a...

15 CFR 748.5 - Parties to the transaction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... parties may be entered on the application. The definitions, which also appear in part 772 of the EAR, are... definition of “exporter” in part 772 of the EAR. (b) Other party authorized to receive license. The person... items for the purpose of effecting delivery of the items to the ultimate consignee. The intermediate...

15 CFR 748.5 - Parties to the transaction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... parties may be entered on the application. The definitions, which also appear in part 772 of the EAR, are... definition of “exporter” in part 772 of the EAR. (b) Other party authorized to receive license. The person... items for the purpose of effecting delivery of the items to the ultimate consignee. The intermediate...

15 CFR 748.5 - Parties to the transaction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... parties may be entered on the application. The definitions, which also appear in part 772 of the EAR, are... definition of “exporter” in part 772 of the EAR. (b) Other party authorized to receive license. The person... purpose of effecting delivery of the items to the ultimate consignee. The intermediate consignee may be a...

Selfish third parties act as peacemakers by transforming conflicts and promoting cooperation

PubMed Central

Halevy, Nir; Halali, Eliran

2015-01-01

The tremendous costs of conflict have made humans resourceful not only at warfare but also at peacemaking. Although third parties have acted as peacemakers since the dawn of history, little is known about voluntary, informal third-party intervention in conflict. Here we introduce the Peacemaker Game, a novel experimental paradigm, to model and study the interdependence between disputants and third parties in conflict. In the game, two disputants choose whether to cooperate or compete and a third party chooses whether or not to intervene in the conflict. Intervention introduces side payments that transform the game disputants are playing; it also introduces risk for the third party by making it vulnerable to disputants’ choices. Six experiments revealed three robust effects: (i) The mere possibility of third-party intervention significantly increases cooperation in interpersonal and intergroup conflicts; (ii) reducing the risk to third parties dramatically increases intervention rates, to everyone’s benefit; and (iii) disputants’ cooperation rates are consistently higher than third parties’ intervention rates. These findings explain why, how, and when self-interested third parties facilitate peaceful conflict resolution. PMID:26038546

Partisan Bias in Message Selection: Media Gatekeeping of Party Press Releases

PubMed Central

Haselmayer, Martin; Wagner, Markus; Meyer, Thomas M.

2017-01-01

Parties try to shape media coverage in ways that are favorable to them, but what determines whether media outlets pick up and report on party messages? Based on content analyses of 1,496 party press releases and 6,512 media reports from the 2013 Austrian parliamentary election campaign, we show that media coverage of individual party messages is influenced not just by news factors, but also by partisan bias. The media are therefore more likely to report on messages from parties their readers favor. Importantly, this effect is greater rather than weaker when these messages have high news value. These findings have important implications for understanding the media’s role in elections and representative democracies in general. PMID:29170614

Manipulating Morality: Third-Party Intentions Alter Moral Judgments by Changing Causal Reasoning.

PubMed

Phillips, Jonathan; Shaw, Alex

2015-08-01

The present studies investigate how the intentions of third parties influence judgments of moral responsibility for other agents who commit immoral acts. Using cases in which an agent acts under some situational constraint brought about by a third party, we ask whether the agent is blamed less for the immoral act when the third party intended for that act to occur. Study 1 demonstrates that third-party intentions do influence judgments of blame. Study 2 finds that third-party intentions only influence moral judgments when the agent's actions precisely match the third party's intention. Study 3 shows that this effect arises from changes in participants' causal perception that the third party was controlling the agent. Studies 4 and 5, respectively, show that the effect cannot be explained by changes in the distribution of blame or perceived differences in situational constraint faced by the agent. © 2014 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

29 CFR 1404.12 - Selection by parties and appointments of arbitrators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...: (1) A selection by mutual agreement; (2) A selection in which each party alternately strikes a name... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Selection by parties and appointments of arbitrators. 1404... SERVICE ARBITRATION SERVICES Procedures for Arbitration Services § 1404.12 Selection by parties and...

A novel quantum scheme for secure two-party distance computation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peng, Zhen-wan; Shi, Run-hua; Zhong, Hong; Cui, Jie; Zhang, Shun

2017-12-01

Secure multiparty computational geometry is an essential field of secure multiparty computation, which computes a computation geometric problem without revealing any private information of each party. Secure two-party distance computation is a primitive of secure multiparty computational geometry, which computes the distance between two points without revealing each point's location information (i.e., coordinate). Secure two-party distance computation has potential applications with high secure requirements in military, business, engineering and so on. In this paper, we present a quantum solution to secure two-party distance computation by subtly using quantum private query. Compared to the classical related protocols, our quantum protocol can ensure higher security and better privacy protection because of the physical principle of quantum mechanics.

Password-only authenticated three-party key exchange proven secure against insider dictionary attacks.

PubMed

Nam, Junghyun; Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond; Paik, Juryon; Won, Dongho

2014-01-01

While a number of protocols for password-only authenticated key exchange (PAKE) in the 3-party setting have been proposed, it still remains a challenging task to prove the security of a 3-party PAKE protocol against insider dictionary attacks. To the best of our knowledge, there is no 3-party PAKE protocol that carries a formal proof, or even definition, of security against insider dictionary attacks. In this paper, we present the first 3-party PAKE protocol proven secure against both online and offline dictionary attacks as well as insider and outsider dictionary attacks. Our construct can be viewed as a protocol compiler that transforms any 2-party PAKE protocol into a 3-party PAKE protocol with 2 additional rounds of communication. We also present a simple and intuitive approach of formally modelling dictionary attacks in the password-only 3-party setting, which significantly reduces the complexity of proving the security of 3-party PAKE protocols against dictionary attacks. In addition, we investigate the security of the well-known 3-party PAKE protocol, called GPAKE, due to Abdalla et al. (2005, 2006), and demonstrate that the security of GPAKE against online dictionary attacks depends heavily on the composition of its two building blocks, namely a 2-party PAKE protocol and a 3-party key distribution protocol.

Password-Only Authenticated Three-Party Key Exchange Proven Secure against Insider Dictionary Attacks

PubMed Central

Nam, Junghyun; Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond

2014-01-01

While a number of protocols for password-only authenticated key exchange (PAKE) in the 3-party setting have been proposed, it still remains a challenging task to prove the security of a 3-party PAKE protocol against insider dictionary attacks. To the best of our knowledge, there is no 3-party PAKE protocol that carries a formal proof, or even definition, of security against insider dictionary attacks. In this paper, we present the first 3-party PAKE protocol proven secure against both online and offline dictionary attacks as well as insider and outsider dictionary attacks. Our construct can be viewed as a protocol compiler that transforms any 2-party PAKE protocol into a 3-party PAKE protocol with 2 additional rounds of communication. We also present a simple and intuitive approach of formally modelling dictionary attacks in the password-only 3-party setting, which significantly reduces the complexity of proving the security of 3-party PAKE protocols against dictionary attacks. In addition, we investigate the security of the well-known 3-party PAKE protocol, called GPAKE, due to Abdalla et al. (2005, 2006), and demonstrate that the security of GPAKE against online dictionary attacks depends heavily on the composition of its two building blocks, namely a 2-party PAKE protocol and a 3-party key distribution protocol. PMID:25309956

Highs and lows: patterns of use, positive and negative effects of benzylpiperazine-containing party pills (BZP-party pills) amongst young people in New Zealand.

PubMed

Butler, Rachael A; Sheridan, Janie L

2007-11-19

This study aimed to investigate patterns and context of use of BZP-party pills, function of use, and positive and negative effects experienced by a sample of New Zealand young people who had used the products. A qualitative study comprised of semi-structured interviews and group discussions. The sample included 58 young people aged 17-23 years who had used BZP-party pills in the previous 12 months. Young people were using these substances in a range of settings--primarily during weekend social occasions--particularly as part of the dance party culture. They were mostly used for their stimulant properties and to enhance socialisation, and were often taken in combination with other legal and illicit drugs. Young people had suffered a range of physical and emotional negative effects, although none of these was reported as being life-threatening or long-term. Many participants had reduced the frequency with which they used BZP-party pills due to adverse effects. Potentially risky behaviours identified included taking large doses, mixing BZP-party pills with alcohol and other substances, and driving whilst under the influence of BZP-party pills. Findings suggest that young people in this study were not suffering excessive or dangerous adverse effects. However, potentially risky use of these products raises the issue of the need for developing harm reduction interventions.

Highs and lows: patterns of use, positive and negative effects of benzylpiperazine-containing party pills (BZP-party pills) amongst young people in New Zealand

PubMed Central

Butler, Rachael A; Sheridan, Janie L

2007-01-01

Background This study aimed to investigate patterns and context of use of BZP-party pills, function of use, and positive and negative effects experienced by a sample of New Zealand young people who had used the products. Methods A qualitative study comprised of semi-structured interviews and group discussions. Results The sample included 58 young people aged 17–23 years who had used BZP-party pills in the previous 12 months. Young people were using these substances in a range of settings – primarily during weekend social occasions – particularly as part of the dance party culture. They were mostly used for their stimulant properties and to enhance socialisation, and were often taken in combination with other legal and illicit drugs. Young people had suffered a range of physical and emotional negative effects, although none of these was reported as being life-threatening or long-term. Many participants had reduced the frequency with which they used BZP-party pills due to adverse effects. Potentially risky behaviours identified included taking large doses, mixing BZP-party pills with alcohol and other substances, and driving whilst under the influence of BZP-party pills. Conclusion Findings suggest that young people in this study were not suffering excessive or dangerous adverse effects. However, potentially risky use of these products raises the issue of the need for developing harm reduction interventions. PMID:18021425

75 FR 75363 - Absence and Leave; Sick Leave

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-03

... diseases, including pandemic influenza when appropriate. We are also permitting employees to substitute up..., including pandemic influenza when appropriate, by permitting the use of sick leave and advanced sick leave... and procedures developed in planning for a pandemic influenza and provided references to a substantial...

12 CFR 269a.2 - Party in interest.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... employees, labor organization, or bank that will be or is directly affected by the resolution of any charge... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Party in interest. 269a.2 Section 269a.2 Banks... employees of a bank or that is or was recently a party to a collective bargaining agreement with a bank...

12 CFR 7.2014 - Indemnification of institution-affiliated parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., or the relevant provisions of the Model Business Corporation Act (1984, as amended 1994, and as... parties. (a) Administrative proceedings or civil actions initiated by Federal banking agencies. A national... agency, a national bank may indemnify an institution-affiliated party for damages and expenses, including...

Billing third party payers for pharmaceutical care services.

PubMed

Poirier, S; Buffington, D E; Memoli, G A

1999-01-01

To describe the steps pharmacists must complete when seeking compensation from third party payers for pharmaceutical care services. Government publications; professional publications, including manuals and newsletters; authors' personal experience. Pharmacists in increasing numbers are meeting with success in getting reimbursed by third party payers for patient care activities. However, many pharmacists remain reluctant to seek compensation because they do not understand the steps involved. Preparatory steps include obtaining a provider/supplier number, procuring appropriate claim forms, developing data collection and documentation systems, establishing professional fees, creating a marketing plan, and developing an accounting system. To bill for specific patient care services, pharmacists need to collect the patient's insurance information, obtain a statement of medical necessity from the patient's physician, complete the appropriate claim form accurately, and submit the claim with supporting documentation to the insurer. Although many claims from pharmacists are rejected initially, pharmacists who work with third party payers to understand the reasons for denial of payment often receive compensation when claims are resubmitted. Pharmacists who follow these guidelines for billing third party payers for pharmaceutical care services should notice an increase in the number of paid claims.

40 CFR Appendix E to Subpart A of... - Article 5 Parties

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 18 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Article 5 Parties E Appendix E to... Appendix E to Subpart A OF Part 82—Article 5 Parties Parties operating under Article 5 of the Montreal... categorized as Article 5 pending submission of ODS consumption data [79 FR 16687, Mar. 26, 2014] ...

42 CFR 426.518 - NCD record furnished to the aggrieved party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false NCD record furnished to the aggrieved party. 426... LOCAL COVERAGE DETERMINATIONS Review of an NCD § 426.518 NCD record furnished to the aggrieved party. (a) Elements of the NCD record furnished to the aggrieved party. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this...

42 CFR 426.518 - NCD record furnished to the aggrieved party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false NCD record furnished to the aggrieved party. 426... LOCAL COVERAGE DETERMINATIONS Review of an NCD § 426.518 NCD record furnished to the aggrieved party. (a) Elements of the NCD record furnished to the aggrieved party. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this...

42 CFR 426.518 - NCD record furnished to the aggrieved party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false NCD record furnished to the aggrieved party. 426... LOCAL COVERAGE DETERMINATIONS Review of an NCD § 426.518 NCD record furnished to the aggrieved party. (a) Elements of the NCD record furnished to the aggrieved party. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this...

Unconditionally secure multi-party quantum commitment scheme

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Ming-Qiang; Wang, Xue; Zhan, Tao

2018-02-01

A new unconditionally secure multi-party quantum commitment is proposed in this paper by encoding the committed message to the phase of a quantum state. Multi-party means that there are more than one recipient in our scheme. We show that our quantum commitment scheme is unconditional hiding and binding, and hiding is perfect. Our technique is based on the interference of phase-encoded coherent states of light. Its security proof relies on the no-cloning theorem of quantum theory and the properties of quantum information.

The Chinese Communist Party: A Strategic Center of Gravity Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-08

Party (CCP or the Party) recently celebrated its 90th anniversary, trumpeting China‘s notable progress in their quest to rejuvenate a transcendent...will be ―first-timers‖ due mainly to the CCP‘s mandatory age of retirement at 65 years of age . 47 Of significance, lower-party elections will result...Kim Jong Il) can prove highly stable. Yet, as dictators age , or as populations grow richer and more anxious to share in political power, autocracies

49 CFR 1007.6 - Disclosure to third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Disclosure to third parties. 1007.6 Section 1007.6... § 1007.6 Disclosure to third parties. (a) The Board shall not disclose to any agency or to any person by... Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552). (4) Disclosure is for a routine use as defined in § 1007.2 of these rules and...

25 CFR 224.101 - Who is an interested party?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Who is an interested party? 224.101 Section 224.101 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ENERGY AND MINERALS TRIBAL ENERGY RESOURCE AGREEMENTS UNDER THE INDIAN TRIBAL ENERGY DEVELOPMENT AND SELF DETERMINATION ACT Interested Party Petitions...

25 CFR 224.101 - Who is an interested party?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Who is an interested party? 224.101 Section 224.101 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ENERGY AND MINERALS TRIBAL ENERGY RESOURCE AGREEMENTS UNDER THE INDIAN TRIBAL ENERGY DEVELOPMENT AND SELF DETERMINATION ACT Interested Party Petitions...

Political party affiliation, political ideology and mortality.

PubMed

Pabayo, Roman; Kawachi, Ichiro; Muennig, Peter

2015-05-01

Ecological and cross-sectional studies have indicated that conservative political ideology is associated with better health. Longitudinal analyses of mortality are needed because subjective assessments of ideology may confound subjective assessments of health, particularly in cross-sectional analyses. Data were derived from the 2008 General Social Survey-National Death Index data set. Cox proportional analysis models were used to determine whether political party affiliation or political ideology was associated with time to death. Also, we attempted to identify whether self-reported happiness and self-rated health acted as mediators between political beliefs and time to death. In this analysis of 32,830 participants and a total follow-up time of 498,845 person-years, we find that political party affiliation and political ideology are associated with mortality. However, with the exception of independents (adjusted HR (AHR)=0.93, 95% CI 0.90 to 0.97), political party differences are explained by the participants' underlying sociodemographic characteristics. With respect to ideology, conservatives (AHR=1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.12) and moderates (AHR=1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.11) are at greater risk for mortality during follow-up than liberals. Political party affiliation and political ideology appear to be different predictors of mortality. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

Reflexive intergroup bias in third-party punishment.

PubMed

Yudkin, Daniel A; Rothmund, Tobias; Twardawski, Mathias; Thalla, Natasha; Van Bavel, Jay J

2016-11-01

Humans show a rare tendency to punish norm-violators who have not harmed them directly-a behavior known as third-party punishment. Research has found that third-party punishment is subject to intergroup bias, whereby people punish members of the out-group more severely than the in-group. Although the prevalence of this behavior is well-documented, the psychological processes underlying it remain largely unexplored. Some work suggests that it stems from people's inherent predisposition to form alliances with in-group members and aggress against out-group members. This implies that people will show reflexive intergroup bias in third-party punishment, favoring in-group over out-group members especially when their capacity for deliberation is impaired. Here we test this hypothesis directly, examining whether intergroup bias in third-party punishment emerges from reflexive, as opposed to deliberative, components of moral cognition. In 3 experiments, utilizing a simulated economic game, we varied participants' group relationship to a transgressor, measured or manipulated the extent to which they relied on reflexive or deliberative judgment, and observed people's punishment decisions. Across group-membership manipulations (American football teams, nationalities, and baseball teams) and 2 assessments of reflexive judgment (response time and cognitive load), reflexive judgment heightened intergroup bias, suggesting that such bias in punishment is inherent to human moral cognition. We discuss the implications of these studies for theories of punishment, cooperation, social behavior, and legal practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

5 CFR 630.1015 - Movement between voluntary leave bank and leave transfer programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Movement between voluntary leave bank and leave transfer programs. 630.1015 Section 630.1015 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Voluntary Leave Bank Program § 630.1015 Movement...

11 CFR 9004.2 - Pre-election payments for minor and new party candidates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Pre-election payments for minor and new party... § 9004.2 Pre-election payments for minor and new party candidates. (a) Candidate of a minor party in the preceding election. An eligible candidate of a minor party is entitled to pre-election payments: (1) If he...

11 CFR 9004.2 - Pre-election payments for minor and new party candidates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Pre-election payments for minor and new party... § 9004.2 Pre-election payments for minor and new party candidates. (a) Candidate of a minor party in the preceding election. An eligible candidate of a minor party is entitled to pre-election payments: (1) If he...

29 CFR 825.205 - Increments of FMLA leave for intermittent or reduced schedule leave.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Employee Leave Entitlements Under the Family and Medical Leave Act § 825.205 Increments of FMLA leave for intermittent or... 29 Labor 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Increments of FMLA leave for intermittent or reduced...

29 CFR 825.205 - Increments of FMLA leave for intermittent or reduced schedule leave.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Employee Leave Entitlements Under the Family and Medical Leave Act § 825.205 Increments of FMLA leave for intermittent or... 29 Labor 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Increments of FMLA leave for intermittent or reduced...

29 CFR 825.205 - Increments of FMLA leave for intermittent or reduced schedule leave.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Employee Leave Entitlements Under the Family and Medical Leave Act § 825.205 Increments of FMLA leave for intermittent or... 29 Labor 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Increments of FMLA leave for intermittent or reduced...

17 CFR 201.150 - Service of papers by parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Service of papers by parties... PRACTICE Rules of Practice General Rules § 201.150 Service of papers by parties. (a) When required. In every proceeding as defined in § 201.101(a), each paper, including each notice of appearance, written...

17 CFR 201.150 - Service of papers by parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Service of papers by parties... PRACTICE Rules of Practice General Rules § 201.150 Service of papers by parties. (a) When required. In every proceeding as defined in § 201.101(a), each paper, including each notice of appearance, written...

Online network organization of Barcelona en Comú, an emergent movement-party.

PubMed

Aragón, Pablo; Gallego, Helena; Laniado, David; Volkovich, Yana; Kaltenbrunner, Andreas

2017-01-01

The emerging grassroots party Barcelona en Comú won the 2015 Barcelona City Council election. This candidacy was devised by activists involved in the Spanish 15M movement to transform citizen outrage into political change. On the one hand, the 15M movement was based on a decentralized structure. On the other hand, political science literature postulates that parties develop oligarchical leadership structures. This tension motivates to examine whether Barcelona en Comú preserved a decentralized structure or adopted a conventional centralized organization. In this study we develop a computational methodology to characterize the online network organization of every party in the election campaign on Twitter. Results on the network of retweets reveal that, while traditional parties are organized in a single cluster, for Barcelona en Comú two well-defined groups co-exist: a centralized cluster led by the candidate and party accounts, and a decentralized cluster with the movement activists. Furthermore, results on the network of replies also shows a dual structure: a cluster around the candidate receiving the largest attention from other parties, and another with the movement activists exhibiting a higher predisposition to dialogue with other parties.

Costly third-party punishment in young children.

PubMed

McAuliffe, Katherine; Jordan, Jillian J; Warneken, Felix

2015-01-01

Human adults engage in costly third-party punishment of unfair behavior, but the developmental origins of this behavior are unknown. Here we investigate costly third-party punishment in 5- and 6-year-old children. Participants were asked to accept (enact) or reject (punish) proposed allocations of resources between a pair of absent, anonymous children. In addition, we manipulated whether subjects had to pay a cost to punish proposed allocations. Experiment 1 showed that 6-year-olds (but not 5-year-olds) punished unfair proposals more than fair proposals. However, children punished less when doing so was personally costly. Thus, while sensitive to cost, they were willing to sacrifice resources to intervene against unfairness. Experiment 2 showed that 6-year-olds were less sensitive to unequal allocations when they resulted from selfishness than generosity. These findings show that costly third-party punishment of unfair behavior is present in young children, suggesting that from early in development children show a sophisticated capacity to promote fair behavior. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

48 CFR 613.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 613.305 Section 613.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF STATE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 613.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 613.305 Section 613.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF STATE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 1313.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 1313.305 Section 1313.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 1313.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 1313.305 Section 1313.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 1313.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 1313.305 Section 1313.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 613.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 613.305 Section 613.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF STATE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 613.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 613.305 Section 613.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF STATE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 1313.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 1313.305 Section 1313.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 613.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 613.305 Section 613.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF STATE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 1313.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 1313.305 Section 1313.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

34 CFR 81.19 - Costs and fees of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Costs and fees of parties. 81.19 Section 81.19 Education Office of the Secretary, Department of Education GENERAL EDUCATION PROVISIONS ACT-ENFORCEMENT General Provisions § 81.19 Costs and fees of parties. The Equal Access to Justice Act, 5 U.S.C. 504...

13 CFR 120.921 - Terms of Third Party loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Loan lender waives, as to the CDC/SBA financing, any provision in its deed of trust, or mortgage, or... Party Lender must give the CDC and SBA written notice of default within 30 days of the event of default... Third Party Lender's lien will be subordinate to the CDC/SBA lien regarding any prepayment penalties...

13 CFR 120.921 - Terms of Third Party loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Loan lender waives, as to the CDC/SBA financing, any provision in its deed of trust, or mortgage, or... Party Lender must give the CDC and SBA written notice of default within 30 days of the event of default... Third Party Lender's lien will be subordinate to the CDC/SBA lien regarding any prepayment penalties...

13 CFR 120.921 - Terms of Third Party loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Loan lender waives, as to the CDC/SBA financing, any provision in its deed of trust, or mortgage, or... Party Lender must give the CDC and SBA written notice of default within 30 days of the event of default... Third Party Lender's lien will be subordinate to the CDC/SBA lien regarding any prepayment penalties...

13 CFR 120.921 - Terms of Third Party loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Loan lender waives, as to the CDC/SBA financing, any provision in its deed of trust, or mortgage, or... Party Lender must give the CDC and SBA written notice of default within 30 days of the event of default... Third Party Lender's lien will be subordinate to the CDC/SBA lien regarding any prepayment penalties...

13 CFR 120.921 - Terms of Third Party loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Loan lender waives, as to the CDC/SBA financing, any provision in its deed of trust, or mortgage, or... Party Lender must give the CDC and SBA written notice of default within 30 days of the event of default... Third Party Lender's lien will be subordinate to the CDC/SBA lien regarding any prepayment penalties...

26 CFR 1.7476-2 - Notice to interested parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... § 1.7476-1 shall cause notice of the application to be given to persons who qualify as interested parties under § 1.7476-1 with respect to the application, whether or not such application is received by... calculated to ensure that each interested party is notified of the application for a determination. If an...

26 CFR 1.7476-2 - Notice to interested parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... § 1.7476-1 shall cause notice of the application to be given to persons who qualify as interested parties under § 1.7476-1 with respect to the application, whether or not such application is received by... calculated to ensure that each interested party is notified of the application for a determination. If an...

26 CFR 1.7476-2 - Notice to interested parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... § 1.7476-1 shall cause notice of the application to be given to persons who qualify as interested parties under § 1.7476-1 with respect to the application, whether or not such application is received by... calculated to ensure that each interested party is notified of the application for a determination. If an...

26 CFR 1.7476-2 - Notice to interested parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... § 1.7476-1 shall cause notice of the application to be given to persons who qualify as interested parties under § 1.7476-1 with respect to the application, whether or not such application is received by... calculated to ensure that each interested party is notified of the application for a determination. If an...

24 CFR 401.500 - Required notices to third parties and meeting with third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... submission to HUD, notice of the following must be provided: (i) The location of the Plan for inspection and... HOUSING ASSISTANCE RESTRUCTURING PROGRAM (MARK-TO-MARKET) Restructuring Plan § 401.500 Required notices to...) Access to Restructuring Plan. (1) The PAE must make the Restructuring Plan available to the parties...

Third-party social evaluations of humans by monkeys and dogs.

PubMed

Anderson, James R; Bucher, Benoit; Chijiiwa, Hitomi; Kuroshima, Hika; Takimoto, Ayaka; Fujita, Kazuo

2017-11-01

Developmental psychologists are increasingly interested in young children's evaluations of individuals based on third-party interactions. Studies have shown that infants react negatively to agents who display harmful intentions toward others, and to those who behave unfairly. We describe experimental studies of capuchin monkeys' and pet dogs' differential reactions to people who are helpful or unhelpful in third-party contexts, and monkeys' responses to people who behave unfairly in exchanges of objects with a third party. We also present evidence that capuchin monkeys monitor the context of failures to help and violations of reciprocity, and that intentionality is one factor underlying their social evaluations of individuals whom they see interacting with others. We conclude by proposing some questions for studies of nonhuman species' third party-based social evaluations. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Party Characteristics, Drinking Settings, and College Students’ Risk of Intoxication: A Multi-Campus Study

PubMed Central

Marzell, Miesha; Bavarian, Niloofar; Paschall, Mallie J.; Mair, Christina; Saltz, Robert F.

2015-01-01

We examined party characteristics across different college drinking settings, associations between party characteristics and likelihood of drinking to intoxication, and the mediating role of perceived prevalence of intoxicated partygoers. Students (N = 6903) attending 14 public universities in California during the 2010 and 2011 fall semesters completed surveys on individual and party characteristics in six unique settings (e.g., residence hall). We used descriptive statistics to examine party characteristics by setting. We estimated multilevel logistic regression models to identify party characteristics associated with drinking to intoxication, and we used RMediation to determine significance of mediating effects. Individual and party characteristics varied by drinking context. Greater time at a party was associated with drinking to intoxication at five of six settings, while larger party size was significant only for outdoor settings. Enforcing the legal drinking age and refusing to serve intoxicated patrons were associated with lower likelihood of intoxication at Greek and off-campus parties. The presence of a keg was associated with drinking to intoxication at Greek, off-campus and outdoor parties; at bars, cover charges and drink promotions were positively associated with drinking to intoxication. In four of six settings, we found evidence of significant mediating effects through perceived prevalence of intoxicated partygoers. Findings highlight risk and protective characteristics of parties by drinking setting, and have prevention implications. PMID:25976418

Party Characteristics, Drinking Settings, and College Students' Risk of Intoxication: A Multi-Campus Study.

PubMed

Marzell, Miesha; Bavarian, Niloofar; Paschall, Mallie J; Mair, Christina; Saltz, Robert F

2015-08-01

We examined party characteristics across different college drinking settings, associations between party characteristics and likelihood of drinking to intoxication, and the mediating role of perceived prevalence of intoxicated partygoers. Students (N = 6903) attending 14 public universities in California during the 2010 and 2011 fall semesters completed surveys on individual and party characteristics in six unique settings (e.g., residence hall). We used descriptive statistics to examine party characteristics by setting. We estimated multilevel logistic regression models to identify party characteristics associated with drinking to intoxication, and we used RMediation to determine significance of mediating effects. Individual and party characteristics varied by drinking context. Greater time at a party was associated with drinking to intoxication at five of six settings, while larger party size was significant only for outdoor settings. Enforcing the legal drinking age and refusing to serve intoxicated patrons were associated with lower likelihood of intoxication at Greek and off-campus parties. The presence of a keg was associated with drinking to intoxication at Greek, off-campus and outdoor parties; at bars, cover charges and drink promotions were positively associated with drinking to intoxication. In four of six settings, we found evidence of significant mediating effects through perceived prevalence of intoxicated partygoers. Findings highlight risk and protective characteristics of parties by drinking setting, and have prevention implications.

Eavesdropping on the improved three-party quantum secret sharing protocol

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gao, Gan

2011-02-01

Lin et al. [Song Lin, Fei Gao, Qiao-yan Wen, Fu-chen Zhu, Opt. Commun. 281 (2008) 4553] pointed out that the multiparty quantum secret sharing protocol [Zhan-jun Zhang, Gan Gao, Xin Wang, Lian-fang Han, Shou-hua Shi, Opt. Commun. 269 (2007) 418] is not secure and proposed an improved three-party quantum secret sharing protocol. In this paper, we study the security of the improved three-party quantum secret sharing protocol and find that it is still not secure. Finally, a further improved three-party quantum secret sharing protocol is proposed.

48 CFR 13.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 13.305 Section 13.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION... Methods 13.305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 13.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 13.305 Section 13.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION... Methods 13.305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 13.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 13.305 Section 13.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION... Methods 13.305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 13.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 13.305 Section 13.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION... Methods 13.305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 13.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 13.305 Section 13.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION... Methods 13.305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

Third party laboratory data management: Perspective with respect to clinical data management.

PubMed

Johnson, Jasmin; Kanagali, Vishwanath; Prabu, D

2014-01-01

Third party lab vendor provides support for laboratory, biological samples analytics data, collected during the clinical trial. Third party laboratory data is considered to be very significant for the clinical trial data management process. Although outsourcing these services is considered to be advantageous for clinical trials, there are some risks involved. Hence, pharmaceutical companies proactively select, track and evaluate third party vendors on a regular basis before, during and after the completion of the contract. The data manager has a significant role to play in effective management of third party vendor data.

Third party laboratory data management: Perspective with respect to clinical data management

PubMed Central

Johnson, Jasmin; Kanagali, Vishwanath; Prabu, D.

2014-01-01

Third party lab vendor provides support for laboratory, biological samples analytics data, collected during the clinical trial. Third party laboratory data is considered to be very significant for the clinical trial data management process. Although outsourcing these services is considered to be advantageous for clinical trials, there are some risks involved. Hence, pharmaceutical companies proactively select, track and evaluate third party vendors on a regular basis before, during and after the completion of the contract. The data manager has a significant role to play in effective management of third party vendor data. PMID:24551587

Intra-Campaign Changes in Voting Preferences: The Impact of Media and Party Communication

PubMed Central

Johann, David; Königslöw, Katharina Kleinen-von; Kritzinger, Sylvia; Thomas, Kathrin

2018-01-01

An increasing number of citizens change and adapt their party preferences during the electoral campaign. We analyze which short-term factors explain intra-campaign changes in voting preferences, focusing on the visibility and tone of news media reporting and party canvassing. Our analyses rely on an integrative data approach, linking data from media content analysis to public opinion data. This enables us to investigate the relative impact of news media reporting as well as party communication. Inherently, we overcome previously identified methodological problems in the study of communication effects on voting behavior. Our findings reveal that campaigns matter: Especially interpersonal party canvassing increases voters’ likelihood to change their voting preferences in favor of the respective party, whereas media effects are limited to quality news outlets and depend on individual voters’ party ambivalence. PMID:29695892

Intra-Campaign Changes in Voting Preferences: The Impact of Media and Party Communication.

PubMed

Johann, David; Königslöw, Katharina Kleinen-von; Kritzinger, Sylvia; Thomas, Kathrin

2018-01-01

An increasing number of citizens change and adapt their party preferences during the electoral campaign. We analyze which short-term factors explain intra-campaign changes in voting preferences, focusing on the visibility and tone of news media reporting and party canvassing. Our analyses rely on an integrative data approach, linking data from media content analysis to public opinion data. This enables us to investigate the relative impact of news media reporting as well as party communication. Inherently, we overcome previously identified methodological problems in the study of communication effects on voting behavior. Our findings reveal that campaigns matter: Especially interpersonal party canvassing increases voters' likelihood to change their voting preferences in favor of the respective party, whereas media effects are limited to quality news outlets and depend on individual voters' party ambivalence.

47 CFR 1.21 - Parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Parties. 1.21 Section 1.21 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE General Rules of Practice and Procedure... chapter, a duly authorized corporate officer or employee may act for the corporation in any matter which...

24 CFR 180.310 - Parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Parties. 180.310 Section 180.310 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development OFFICE OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EQUAL OPPORTUNITY, DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT EMPLOYMENT AND BUSINESS...

Device-independent two-party cryptography secure against sequential attacks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaniewski, Jędrzej; Wehner, Stephanie

2016-05-01

The goal of two-party cryptography is to enable two parties, Alice and Bob, to solve common tasks without the need for mutual trust. Examples of such tasks are private access to a database, and secure identification. Quantum communication enables security for all of these problems in the noisy-storage model by sending more signals than the adversary can store in a certain time frame. Here, we initiate the study of device-independent (DI) protocols for two-party cryptography in the noisy-storage model. Specifically, we present a relatively easy to implement protocol for a cryptographic building block known as weak string erasure and prove its security even if the devices used in the protocol are prepared by the dishonest party. DI two-party cryptography is made challenging by the fact that Alice and Bob do not trust each other, which requires new techniques to establish security. We fully analyse the case of memoryless devices (for which sequential attacks are optimal) and the case of sequential attacks for arbitrary devices. The key ingredient of the proof, which might be of independent interest, is an explicit (and tight) relation between the violation of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality observed by Alice and Bob and uncertainty generated by Alice against Bob who is forced to measure his system before finding out Alice’s setting (guessing with postmeasurement information). In particular, we show that security is possible for arbitrarily small violation.

What's so important about conducting research involving third parties?

PubMed

Murrelle, L; McCarthy, C R

2001-01-01

Controversy has arisen over the long-standing practice of collecting family health and behavioral history information in the course of conducting biomedical research. Identifiable individuals (third parties) on whom investigators collect private data through primary research subjects (probands) also are considered research subjects. At issue is whether informed consent is required from third parties prior to obtaining information about them from probands. A recent federal regulatory ruling dictates that investigators must either obtain informed consent from all third parties or their research must qualify for a waiver of consent. Because of the ruling, a traditional family medical history questionnaire, typical of those routinely used in genetic epidemiologic studies of familial risk, failed to meet the criteria for the waiver. The implications of this ruling are far-reaching. They could influence the quality of research in the United States on the causes of most human diseases. To enable continuing medical and bioethical education on the topic, in March 2001, Virginia Commonwealth University hosted a 2-day open conference, "Third Party Rights and Risks: A Forum on Informed Consent from Persons Affected by the Study of Human Subjects." International leaders from the fields of biomedical ethics and law convened with federal regulatory officials, Institutional Review Board members, academic and industry scientists, and patient-family rights advocates to discuss and debate this critical topic. Conference presenters submitted papers to clarify the issues, promote continued debate, and assist in the formulation of policy recommendations regarding third-party rights and risks.

48 CFR 213.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 213.305 Section 213.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEFENSE ACQUISITION... PROCEDURES Simplified Acquisition Methods 213.305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 213.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 213.305 Section 213.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEFENSE ACQUISITION... PROCEDURES Simplified Acquisition Methods 213.305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 213.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 213.305 Section 213.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEFENSE ACQUISITION... PROCEDURES Simplified Acquisition Methods 213.305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 213.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 213.305 Section 213.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEFENSE ACQUISITION... PROCEDURES Simplified Acquisition Methods 213.305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

48 CFR 213.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 213.305 Section 213.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEFENSE ACQUISITION... PROCEDURES Simplified Acquisition Methods 213.305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. ...

W-state Analyzer and Multi-party Measurement-device-independent Quantum Key Distribution

PubMed Central

Zhu, Changhua; Xu, Feihu; Pei, Changxing

2015-01-01

W-state is an important resource for many quantum information processing tasks. In this paper, we for the first time propose a multi-party measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocol based on W-state. With linear optics, we design a W-state analyzer in order to distinguish the four-qubit W-state. This analyzer constructs the measurement device for four-party MDI-QKD. Moreover, we derived a complete security proof of the four-party MDI-QKD, and performed a numerical simulation to study its performance. The results show that four-party MDI-QKD is feasible over 150 km standard telecom fiber with off-the-shelf single photon detectors. This work takes an important step towards multi-party quantum communication and a quantum network. PMID:26644289

House Parties: An Innovative Model for Outreach and Community-Based Health Education.

PubMed

Anderson-Reeves, Timika; Goodman, Jacqueline; Bragg, Brian; Leruth, Chelsey

2017-12-01

Purpose To connect low resource communities to innovative services that address gaps in health access and knowledge. Description We describe the house party model, as a community-based workshop approach to health education developed by the Westside Healthy Start program (WHS) in Chicago, Illinois. Key elements of the WHS house party model include use of community health workers as facilitators, collaboration with participants and community-based organizations, referrals to health care and social services, and engagement strategies such as interactive activities, personal stories, and discussion. Assessment In 2014 and 2015, WHS completed 23 house parties with 271 participants, delivering education on relevant maternal and child health (MCH) topics. Participants demonstrated improvements in knowledge of several health-related areas. About half of participants were able to identify causes or signs of preterm labor prior to the house party, compared to over 80% after. In addition, 94% of participants rated the house party workshops "excellent" or "good". Conclusion House parties are a promising strategy for increasing knowledge about MCH topics and linking hard-to-reach populations to resources in the community.

["Paternity leave"? Retrospective view on a delayed reform of maternity leave in Austria].

PubMed

Munz, R

1984-01-01

Only 1 of 3 Austrian fathers involves himself daily in child rearing, and the younger the children, the less likely he is to be involved. Austria is among those European countries with the greatest pregnancy benefits. New mothers may take up to 1 year of paid maternity leave without fear of losing their jobs. This article uses 1982 Institute of Demography survey data to determine support for similar paternity leave for fathers. In the last few years, both Social Democrat and Conservative women have worked for this leave, although the movement has also found opposition by women in trade unions, as well as from conservative groups. Survey results show that 46% of married Austrian women, under age 40, favor paternity leave; 1 or 4 women can imagine their husbands taking such leave. Among husbands, 34% favored the leave option, and 1 of 4 could imagine taking the leave for a least part of the baby's first year. The study attempts to identify those husbands most likely to take advantage of paternity leave. At present, most men will not choose to stay with their children at the expense of earnings reduction. Compensation reforms for both mothers and fathers must first occur before men and women in a position to make real decisions on maternity and paternity leave.

17 CFR 200.69 - Conduct toward parties and their counsel.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Conduct toward parties and their counsel. 200.69 Section 200.69 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE... toward parties and their counsel. Members should be temperate, attentive, patient and impartial when...

49 CFR 236.1017 - Independent third party Verification and Validation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Independent third party Verification and Validation. 236.1017 Section 236.1017 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued... Validation. (a) The PTCSP must be supported by an independent third-party assessment when the Associate...

49 CFR 236.1017 - Independent third party Verification and Validation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Independent third party Verification and Validation. 236.1017 Section 236.1017 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued... Validation. (a) The PTCSP must be supported by an independent third-party assessment when the Associate...

49 CFR 236.1017 - Independent third party Verification and Validation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Independent third party Verification and Validation. 236.1017 Section 236.1017 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued... Validation. (a) The PTCSP must be supported by an independent third-party assessment when the Associate...

49 CFR 236.1017 - Independent third party Verification and Validation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Independent third party Verification and Validation. 236.1017 Section 236.1017 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued... Validation. (a) The PTCSP must be supported by an independent third-party assessment when the Associate...

20 CFR 437.35 - Subawards to debarred and suspended parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Subawards to debarred and suspended parties. 437.35 Section 437.35 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION UNIFORM ADMINISTRATIVE... Changes, Property, and Subawards § 437.35 Subawards to debarred and suspended parties. Grantees and...

20 CFR 437.35 - Subawards to debarred and suspended parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Subawards to debarred and suspended parties. 437.35 Section 437.35 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION UNIFORM ADMINISTRATIVE... Changes, Property, and Subawards § 437.35 Subawards to debarred and suspended parties. Grantees and...

Survey questions about party competence: Insights from cognitive interviews☆

PubMed Central

Wagner, Markus; Zeglovits, Eva

2014-01-01

Voter assessments of party competence have become a key explanation of electoral decision-making. However, there are at least three important aspects to understanding responses to questions on issue-specific party competence: comprehension difficulties; a lack of well-formed attitudes and relevant information; and the use of response heuristics. We used 20 cognitive interviews carried out in Austria in 2011 to test competence questions. The interviews show us how respondents explain their responses. We find evidence that many people (1) may hold only weak opinions and have little information on issue-specific party competence and (2) may make use of distinct but related concepts, particularly salience and position, when answering questions about competence. We provide recommendations for researchers and survey designers based on our findings. PMID:25844005

The evolving role of third parties in the hospital physician relationship.

PubMed

Burns, Lawton R; Nash, David B; Wholey, Douglas R

2007-01-01

Hospital-physician relationships (HPRs) are a key concern for both parties. Hospital interest has been driven historically by the desire for the physician's clinical business, the need to combat managed care, and now the threats posed by single specialty hospitals, medical device vendors, and consumerism. Physician interest has been driven by fears of managed care and desires for new sources of revenue. The dyadic relationships between hospitals and physicians are thus motivated and influenced by the role of third parties. This article analyzes the history of HPRs and the succession of third parties. The analysis illustrates that the role of third parties has shifted from a unifying one to one that divides hospitals and physicians. This shift presents both opportunities and problems.

[Disability leave and sick leave in Spain. 2016 legislative update].

PubMed

Vicente-Herrero, María Teófila; Terradillos-García, María Jesús; Capdevila-García, Luisa M; Ramírez-Íñiguez de la Torre, María Victoria; Aguilar-Jiménez, Encarna; Aguado-Benedí, María José; López-González, Angel Arturo; Torres-Alberich, José Ignacio

2018-01-01

In Spanish, the concepts of discapacidad (disability leave) and incapacidad (sick leave) jointly refer to the impairment of a person due to injuries, diseases or deficiencies that limit their activity in a social, personal or occupational field. However, this common link does not imply that both concepts are the same. Statistical data from INE (Instituto Nacional de Estadística: Statistic National Institute) show that Spain had in 2015 3.85 million persons with a disability (59.8% were women). Statistical data from 2015 from INSS (Instituto Nacional de Seguridad Social: Social Security National Institute) show high levels in the number of processes and in workers affected by temporary sick leave, with social costs to the social security system. Both concepts have been updated: about disability leave, Law 39/2006 adjusted terminology by avoiding the use of concepts with discriminating or pejorative connotation. Regarding sick leave, the Ley General de Seguridad Social (General Social Security Law)has been amended and came into effect in January, 2016. It is necessary to know and distinguish these aspects for a better administrative management, and a more oriented information to the affected patient.

48 CFR 2813.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 2813.305 Section 2813.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. Regulations governing the operation and procedures of the...

48 CFR 2813.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Imprest funds and third party drafts. 2813.305 Section 2813.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. Regulations governing the operation and procedures of the...

48 CFR 2813.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 2813.305 Section 2813.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. Regulations governing the operation and procedures of the...

48 CFR 2813.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 2813.305 Section 2813.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. Regulations governing the operation and procedures of the...

48 CFR 2813.305 - Imprest funds and third party drafts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Imprest funds and third party drafts. 2813.305 Section 2813.305 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE....305 Imprest funds and third party drafts. Regulations governing the operation and procedures of the...

Lessons Learned from the Arizona Galileoscope Star Party Program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pompea, Stephen M.; Sparks, R. T.; Dugan, C.; Walker, C. E.

2013-01-01

The National Optical Astronomy Observatory has joined together multiple audiences in various communities to conduct outreach using Galileoscopes. The audience consists of 5th grade students and teachers, their families and friends, and anyone else who wants to attend a special star party led by students using Galileoscopes. However, across one community there are many subcultures that one should be responsive to in the program design. The program model, which has been independently evaluated, combines professional development and classroom visits by NOAO education practitioners with the goal of a community star party. We have conducted the program in several mid-sized Arizona cities after an initial prototype star party held near the state capitol building in Phoenix. In this program, with Galileoscopes purchased with funding from Science Foundation Arizona, we have now held Galileoscope star parties in Flagstaff, Safford, and Globe, with two programs in Yuma, Arizona. We will discuss planning efforts, professional development plans and lessons learned, and specific logistical issues that have arisen in the program. Although the professional development component for teachers is rather traditional, the overall lessons learned are applicable to many astronomy programs for non-traditional audiences.

Computational Substrates of Social Norm Enforcement by Unaffected Third Parties

PubMed Central

Zhong, Songfa; Chark, Robin; Hsu, Ming; Chew, Soo Hong

2016-01-01

Enforcement of social norms by impartial bystanders in the human species reveals a possibly unique capacity to sense and to enforce norms from a third party perspective. Such behavior, however, cannot be accounted by current computational models based on an egocentric notion of norms. Here, using a combination of model-based fMRI and third party punishment games, we show that brain regions previously implicated in egocentric norm enforcement critically extend to the important case of norm enforcement by unaffected third parties. Specifically, we found that responses in the ACC and insula cortex were positively associated with detection of distributional inequity, while those in the anterior DLPFC were associated with assessment of intentionality to the violator. Moreover, during sanction decisions, the subjective value of sanctions modulated activity in both vmPFC and rTPJ. These results shed light on the neurocomputational underpinnings of third party punishment and evolutionary origin of human norm enforcement. PMID:26825438

Computational substrates of social norm enforcement by unaffected third parties.

PubMed

Zhong, Songfa; Chark, Robin; Hsu, Ming; Chew, Soo Hong

2016-04-01

Enforcement of social norms by impartial bystanders in the human species reveals a possibly unique capacity to sense and to enforce norms from a third party perspective. Such behavior, however, cannot be accounted by current computational models based on an egocentric notion of norms. Here, using a combination of model-based fMRI and third party punishment games, we show that brain regions previously implicated in egocentric norm enforcement critically extend to the important case of norm enforcement by unaffected third parties. Specifically, we found that responses in the ACC and insula cortex were positively associated with detection of distributional inequity, while those in the anterior DLPFC were associated with assessment of intentionality to the violator. Moreover, during sanction decisions, the subjective value of sanctions modulated activity in both vmPFC and rTPJ. These results shed light on the neurocomputational underpinnings of third party punishment and evolutionary origin of human norm enforcement. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

18 CFR 35.8 - Protests and interventions by interested parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... interventions by interested parties. 35.8 Section 35.8 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... AND TARIFFS Application § 35.8 Protests and interventions by interested parties. Unless the notice issued by the Commission provides otherwise, any protest or intervention to a rate filing made pursuant...

18 CFR 35.8 - Protests and interventions by interested parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... interventions by interested parties. 35.8 Section 35.8 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... AND TARIFFS Application § 35.8 Protests and interventions by interested parties. Unless the notice issued by the Commission provides otherwise, any protest or intervention to a rate filing made pursuant...

18 CFR 35.8 - Protests and interventions by interested parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... interventions by interested parties. 35.8 Section 35.8 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... AND TARIFFS Application § 35.8 Protests and interventions by interested parties. Unless the notice issued by the Commission provides otherwise, any protest or intervention to a rate filing made pursuant...

18 CFR 35.8 - Protests and interventions by interested parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... interventions by interested parties. 35.8 Section 35.8 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... AND TARIFFS Application § 35.8 Protests and interventions by interested parties. Unless the notice issued by the Commission provides otherwise, any protest or intervention to a rate filing made pursuant...

18 CFR 35.8 - Protests and interventions by interested parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... interventions by interested parties. 35.8 Section 35.8 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... AND TARIFFS Application § 35.8 Protests and interventions by interested parties. Unless the notice issued by the Commission provides otherwise, any protest or intervention to a rate filing made pursuant...

The Flagstaff Star Party Model for Using Galileoscopes: Evaluation Report

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pompea, Stephen M.; Sparks, R. T.; Dugan, C.; Dokter, E.; Schindler, K.

2011-05-01

The Galileoscope is a low-cost, high optical quality telescope kit designed for education and outreach during the International Year of Astronomy 2009. The Galileoscope has been used in a variety of formal and informal education settings around the world. We have been developing a model for large star parties by collaborating with school districts and Science Foundation Arizona. We held our first large start party last fall in Flagstaff and have our next one scheduled for April of 2011 in Yuma, Arizona. The model we are using includes and extensive professional development component for teacher. Each teacher attends a day-long professional development workshop that covers the optics of a telescope, how to assemble a Gaileoscope and how to make astronomical observations. Each teacher receives an optics eduction kit including all the materials necessary to do the activities in their classrooms. The teachers receive Galileoscopes and tripods for their classrooms as well. Before the star party, NOAO staff visit the classrooms to assist students and teachers with the Galileoscope and to teach observing techniques to ensure all the Galileoscopes are working and can be used at the star party. The evening of the star party students gather at the site (usually a local park or school grounds) for an evening of observing. Each student tries to find a variety of different objects to get their passports stamped. At the end of the evening, a drawing is held for students who have observed the designated objects. We will detail the process of planning and holding the star party including professional development, logistics and follow up with the students.

Parental Leave Policies and Parents' Employment and Leave-Taking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Han, Wen-Jui; Ruhm, Christopher; Waldfogel, Jane

2009-01-01

We describe trends in maternal employment and leave-taking after birth of a newborn and analyze the extent to which these behaviors are influenced by parental leave policies. Data are from the June Current Population Survey (CPS) Fertility Supplements, merged with other months of the CPS, and cover the period 1987 to 1994. This time span is one…

22 CFR 1101.8 - Disclosure of records to third-parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Disclosure of records to third-parties. 1101.8 Section 1101.8 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1101.8 Disclosure of records to third-parties. (a) The...

22 CFR 1101.8 - Disclosure of records to third-parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2012-04-01 2009-04-01 true Disclosure of records to third-parties. 1101.8 Section 1101.8 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1101.8 Disclosure of records to third-parties. (a) The...

29 CFR 825.205 - Increments of FMLA leave for intermittent or reduced schedule leave.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... of FMLA leave. Similarly, if a full-time employee who would otherwise work 8-hour days works 4-hour days under a reduced leave schedule, the employee would use 1/2 week of FMLA leave. Where an employee... leave in varying increments at different times of the day or shift, the employer may not account for...

43 CFR 30.222 - What happens if a party fails to comply with discovery?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false What happens if a party fails to comply... Conference § 30.222 What happens if a party fails to comply with discovery? (a) If a party fails to respond..., unless the judge finds good cause for the failure to respond. (b) If a party fails without good cause to...

43 CFR 30.222 - What happens if a party fails to comply with discovery?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false What happens if a party fails to comply... Conference § 30.222 What happens if a party fails to comply with discovery? (a) If a party fails to respond..., unless the judge finds good cause for the failure to respond. (b) If a party fails without good cause to...

43 CFR 30.222 - What happens if a party fails to comply with discovery?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2012-10-01 2011-10-01 true What happens if a party fails to comply... Conference § 30.222 What happens if a party fails to comply with discovery? (a) If a party fails to respond..., unless the judge finds good cause for the failure to respond. (b) If a party fails without good cause to...

43 CFR 30.222 - What happens if a party fails to comply with discovery?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false What happens if a party fails to comply... Conference § 30.222 What happens if a party fails to comply with discovery? (a) If a party fails to respond..., unless the judge finds good cause for the failure to respond. (b) If a party fails without good cause to...

43 CFR 30.222 - What happens if a party fails to comply with discovery?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false What happens if a party fails to comply... Conference § 30.222 What happens if a party fails to comply with discovery? (a) If a party fails to respond..., unless the judge finds good cause for the failure to respond. (b) If a party fails without good cause to...

Rhubarb leaves poisoning

MedlinePlus

... poisoning URL of this page: //medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002876.htm Rhubarb leaves poisoning To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Rhubarb leaves poisoning occurs when someone eats pieces ...

Feature Project--A Bookmaking Party.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Drury, Lori; And Others

1984-01-01

The teaching activities presented in this article focus on a bookmaking party, which gives children a format in which they can publish and share their activities in a formal way, provides them with books for recording their writing, and involves students, parents, and the community with children's writing. The paper describes the steps for…

34 CFR 682.416 - Requirements for third-party servicers and lenders contracting with third-party servicers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FEDERAL FAMILY EDUCATION LOAN (FFEL) PROGRAM Administration of the Federal Family Education Loan Programs by a Guaranty... 34 Education 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Requirements for third-party servicers and lenders...

10 CFR 1705.09 - Disclosure of records to third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Disclosure of records to third parties. 1705.09 Section 1705.09 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.09 Disclosure of records to third parties. Records subject to the Privacy Act that are requested by any person other than the...

10 CFR 1705.09 - Disclosure of records to third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Disclosure of records to third parties. 1705.09 Section 1705.09 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.09 Disclosure of records to third parties. Records subject to the Privacy Act that are requested by any person other than the...

10 CFR 1705.09 - Disclosure of records to third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Disclosure of records to third parties. 1705.09 Section 1705.09 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.09 Disclosure of records to third parties. Records subject to the Privacy Act that are requested by any person other than the...

15 CFR 758.3 - Responsibilities of parties to the transaction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... principal party in interest the exporter for EAR purposes. One writing may cover multiple transactions between the same principals. See § 748.4(a)(3) of the EAR. Note to paragraph (b): For statistical purposes.... principal party in interest. For purposes of licensing responsibility under the EAR, the U.S. agent of the...

15 CFR 758.3 - Responsibilities of parties to the transaction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... principal party in interest the exporter for EAR purposes. One writing may cover multiple transactions between the same principals. See § 748.4(a)(3) of the EAR. Note to paragraph (b): For statistical purposes.... principal party in interest. For purposes of licensing responsibility under the EAR, the U.S. agent of the...

15 CFR 758.3 - Responsibilities of parties to the transaction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... principal party in interest the exporter for EAR purposes. One writing may cover multiple transactions between the same principals. See § 748.4(a)(3) of the EAR. Note to paragraph (b): For statistical purposes.... principal party in interest. For purposes of licensing responsibility under the EAR, the U.S. agent of the...

15 CFR 758.3 - Responsibilities of parties to the transaction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... principal party in interest the exporter for EAR purposes. One writing may cover multiple transactions between the same principals. See § 748.4(a)(3) of the EAR. Note to paragraph (b): For statistical purposes.... principal party in interest. For purposes of licensing responsibility under the EAR, the U.S. agent of the...

15 CFR 758.3 - Responsibilities of parties to the transaction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... principal party in interest the exporter for EAR purposes. One writing may cover multiple transactions between the same principals. See § 748.4(a)(3) of the EAR. Note to paragraph (b): For statistical purposes.... principal party in interest. For purposes of licensing responsibility under the EAR, the U.S. agent of the...

10 CFR 1705.09 - Disclosure of records to third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Disclosure of records to third parties. 1705.09 Section 1705.09 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.09 Disclosure of records to third parties. Records subject to the Privacy Act that are requested by any person other than the...

10 CFR 1705.09 - Disclosure of records to third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Disclosure of records to third parties. 1705.09 Section 1705.09 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PRIVACY ACT § 1705.09 Disclosure of records to third parties. Records subject to the Privacy Act that are requested by any person other than the...

78 FR 77354 - Procedural Rules To Permit Parties To File and Serve Documents Electronically

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-23

... by handwriting his or her signature. For documents filed by electronic transmission, a party may sign... transmission. A party or representative of the party shall sign a document by handwriting his signature. (2...

Ecologies of ideologies: Explaining party entry and exit in West-European parliaments, 1945-2013.

PubMed

van de Wardt, Marc; Berkhout, Joost; Vermeulen, Floris

2017-06-01

This study introduces a population-ecological approach to the entry and exit of political parties. A primary proposition of population ecology is that organizational entry and exit depends on the number of organizations already present: that is, density. We propose that political parties mainly experience competition from parties in the same ideological niche (left, centre, right). Pooled time-series analyses of 410 parties, 263 elections and 18 West-European countries largely support our expectations. We find that political parties are more likely to exit when density within their niche increases. Also there is competition between adjacent ideological niches, i.e. between centrist and right-wing niches. In contrast to our expectations, neither density nor institutional rules impact party entry. This raises important questions about the rationale of prospective entrants.

Maternity Leave Policies

PubMed Central

Strang, Lucy; Broeks, Miriam

2017-01-01

Abstract Over recent years many European Union countries have made changes to the design of the maternity leave provision. These policy developments reflect calls for greater gender equality in the workforce and more equal share of childcare responsibilities. However, while research shows that long period of leave can have negative effects on women's labour market attachment and career advancements, early return to work can be seen as a factor preventing exclusive breastfeeding, and therefore, potentially having negative health impacts for babies. Indeed, the World Health Organisation recommends exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months of age to provide babies with the nutrition for healthy growth and brain development, protection from life-threatening ailments, obesity and non-communicable diseases such as asthma and diabetes. Therefore, labour market demands on women may be at odds with the health benefits for children gained by longer periods of maternity leave. The aim of this article is to examine the relationship between leave provision and health benefits for children. We examine maternity and parental leave provision across European countries and its potential impact on the breastfeeding of very young babies (up to 6-months of age). We also consider economic factors of potential extension of maternity leave provision to 6 months, such as costs to businesses, effects on the female labour market attachment, and wider consequences (benefits and costs) for individuals, families, employers and the wider society. PMID:28983432

Plasma drug concentrations and physiological measures in 'dance party' participants.

PubMed

Irvine, Rodney J; Keane, Michael; Felgate, Peter; McCann, Una D; Callaghan, Paul D; White, Jason M

2006-02-01

The increasing use of (+/-) 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in the setting of large dance parties ('raves') and clubs has been the source of some concern, because of potential acute adverse events, and because animal studies suggest that MDMA has the potential to damage brain serotonin (5-HT) neurons. However, it is not yet known whether MDMA, as used in the setting of dance parties, leads to plasma levels of MDMA that are associated with toxicity to 5-HT neurons in animals. The present study sought to address this question. Plasma MDMA concentrations, vital signs, and a variety of blood and urine measures were obtained prior to, and hours after, individuals attended a dance party. After the dance party, subjects were without clinical complaints, had measurable amounts of residual MDMA in plasma, and nearly half of the subjects also tested positive for methamphetamine, another amphetamine analog that has been shown to have 5-HT neurotoxic potential in animals. Plasma concentrations of MDMA did not correlate with self-reported use of 'ecstasy' and, in some subjects, overlapped with those that have been associated with 5-HT neurotoxicity in non-human primates. Additional subjects were likely to have had similar concentrations while at the dance party, when one considers the reported time of drug ingestion and the plasma half-life of MDMA in humans. Hematological and biochemical analyses were generally unremarkable. Moderate increases in blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature were observed in the subjects with the highest MDMA plasma concentrations. These findings are consistent with epidemiological findings that most people who use MDMA at dance parties do not develop serious clinical complications, and suggest that some of these individuals may be at risk for developing MDMA-induced toxicity to brain serotonin neurons.

Web party effect: a cocktail party effect in the web environment.

PubMed

Rigutti, Sara; Fantoni, Carlo; Gerbino, Walter

2015-01-01

In goal-directed web navigation, labels compete for selection: this process often involves knowledge integration and requires selective attention to manage the dizziness of web layouts. Here we ask whether the competition for selection depends on all web navigation options or only on those options that are more likely to be useful for information seeking, and provide evidence in favor of the latter alternative. Participants in our experiment navigated a representative set of real websites of variable complexity, in order to reach an information goal located two clicks away from the starting home page. The time needed to reach the goal was accounted for by a novel measure of home page complexity based on a part of (not all) web options: the number of links embedded within web navigation elements weighted by the number and type of embedding elements. Our measure fully mediated the effect of several standard complexity metrics (the overall number of links, words, images, graphical regions, the JPEG file size of home page screenshots) on information seeking time and usability ratings. Furthermore, it predicted the cognitive demand of web navigation, as revealed by the duration judgment ratio (i.e., the ratio of subjective to objective duration of information search). Results demonstrate that focusing on relevant links while ignoring other web objects optimizes the deployment of attentional resources necessary to navigation. This is in line with a web party effect (i.e., a cocktail party effect in the web environment): users tune into web elements that are relevant for the achievement of their navigation goals and tune out all others.

Utilization of third-party in vitro fertilization in the United States.

PubMed

Kushnir, Vitaly A; Darmon, Sarah K; Shapiro, Alice J; Albertini, David F; Barad, David H; Gleicher, Norbert

2017-03-01

The use of in vitro fertilization that includes third-party in vitro fertilization is increasing. However, the relative contribution of third-party in vitro fertilization that includes the use of donor oocytes, sperm, or embryo and a gestational carrier to the birth cohort after in vitro fertilization is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the contribution of third-party in vitro fertilization to the in vitro fertilization birth cohort over the past decade. This retrospective analysis investigated 1,349,874 in vitro fertilization cycles that resulted in 421,525 live births and 549,367 liveborn infants in the United States from 2004-2013. Cycles were self-reported by fertility centers to a national registry: Society for Assisted Reproductive Technologies Clinic Outcome Reporting System. Third-party in vitro fertilization accounted for 217,030 (16.1%) of all in vitro fertilization cycles, 86,063 (20.4%) of all live births, and 115,024 (20.9%) of all liveborn infants. Overall, 39.7% of third-party in vitro fertilization cycles resulted in a live birth, compared with 29.6% of autologous in vitro fertilization cycles. Use of third-party in vitro fertilization increased with maternal age and accounted for 42.2% of all in vitro fertilization cycles and 75.3% of all liveborn infants among women >40 years old. Oocyte donation was the most common third-party in vitro fertilization technique, followed by sperm donation. Over the study period, annual cycle volume and live birth rates gradually increased for both autologous in vitro fertilization and third-party in vitro fertilization (P<.0001 for all). Live birth rates were the highest when multiple third-party in vitro fertilization modalities were used, followed by oocyte donation. Third-party in vitro fertilization use and efficacy have increased over the past decade, now comprising >20% of the total in vitro fertilization birth cohort. In women who are >40 years old, third-party in

19 CFR 12.104b - State Parties to the Convention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., acceptance, accession or succession, the date of such deposit and the date of entry into force for each State Party: State party Date of deposit Date of entry into force Algeria June 24, 1974 (R) Sept. 24, 1974... entered into force on July 28, 1988. 2. Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia and the Republic of Slovenia each...

19 CFR 12.104b - State Parties to the Convention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

..., acceptance, accession or succession, the date of such deposit and the date of entry into force for each State Party: State party Date of deposit Date of entry into force Algeria June 24, 1974 (R) Sept. 24, 1974... entered into force on July 28, 1988. 2. Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia and the Republic of Slovenia each...

10 CFR 1304.110 - Disclosure of records to third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Disclosure of records to third parties. 1304.110 Section 1304.110 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1304.110 Disclosure of records to third parties. (a) The Board will not disclose any record that is contained in a system of...

10 CFR 1304.110 - Disclosure of records to third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Disclosure of records to third parties. 1304.110 Section 1304.110 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1304.110 Disclosure of records to third parties. (a) The Board will not disclose any record that is contained in a system of...

10 CFR 1304.110 - Disclosure of records to third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Disclosure of records to third parties. 1304.110 Section 1304.110 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1304.110 Disclosure of records to third parties. (a) The Board will not disclose any record that is contained in a system of...

5 CFR 470.203 - Eligible parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT RESEARCH PROGRAMS AND DEMONSTRATIONS PROJECTS Regulatory Requirements Pertaining to Research Programs § 470.203 Eligible parties. Research may be conducted by the Office of Personnel Management, or under contract or...

17 CFR 171.13 - Practice before the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... party to obtain other counsel or representative. (c) Withdrawal from representation. Withdrawal from representation of a party will be only by leave of the Commission. Such leave to withdraw may be subject to conditions including submission of an affidavit averring that the party represented has actual knowledge of...

17 CFR 9.8 - Practice before the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... of enabling the party to obtain other counsel or representative. (c) Withdrawal of representation. Withdrawal from representation of a party will be only by leave of the Commission. Such leave to withdraw may... party represented has actual knowledge of the withdrawal, and such affidavit must include the name and...

17 CFR 171.13 - Practice before the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... party to obtain other counsel or representative. (c) Withdrawal from representation. Withdrawal from representation of a party will be only by leave of the Commission. Such leave to withdraw may be subject to conditions including submission of an affidavit averring that the party represented has actual knowledge of...

17 CFR 9.8 - Practice before the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... of enabling the party to obtain other counsel or representative. (c) Withdrawal of representation. Withdrawal from representation of a party will be only by leave of the Commission. Such leave to withdraw may... party represented has actual knowledge of the withdrawal, and such affidavit must include the name and...

17 CFR 171.13 - Practice before the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... party to obtain other counsel or representative. (c) Withdrawal from representation. Withdrawal from representation of a party will be only by leave of the Commission. Such leave to withdraw may be subject to conditions including submission of an affidavit averring that the party represented has actual knowledge of...

17 CFR 9.8 - Practice before the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... of enabling the party to obtain other counsel or representative. (c) Withdrawal of representation. Withdrawal from representation of a party will be only by leave of the Commission. Such leave to withdraw may... party represented has actual knowledge of the withdrawal, and such affidavit must include the name and...

17 CFR 9.8 - Practice before the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... of enabling the party to obtain other counsel or representative. (c) Withdrawal of representation. Withdrawal from representation of a party will be only by leave of the Commission. Such leave to withdraw may... party represented has actual knowledge of the withdrawal, and such affidavit must include the name and...

17 CFR 171.13 - Practice before the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... party to obtain other counsel or representative. (c) Withdrawal from representation. Withdrawal from representation of a party will be only by leave of the Commission. Such leave to withdraw may be subject to conditions including submission of an affidavit averring that the party represented has actual knowledge of...

17 CFR 9.8 - Practice before the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... of enabling the party to obtain other counsel or representative. (c) Withdrawal of representation. Withdrawal from representation of a party will be only by leave of the Commission. Such leave to withdraw may... party represented has actual knowledge of the withdrawal, and such affidavit must include the name and...

Aerodynamics of a Party Balloon

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cross, Rod

2007-01-01

It is well-known that a party balloon can be made to fly erratically across a room, but it can also be used for quantitative measurements of other aspects of aerodynamics. Since a balloon is light and has a large surface area, even relatively weak aerodynamic forces can be readily demonstrated or measured in the classroom. Accurate measurements…

5 CFR 630.1104 - Donations from a leave bank to an emergency leave transfer program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Donations from a leave bank to an emergency leave transfer program. 630.1104 Section 630.1104 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Emergency Leave Transfer Program § 630.1104 Donations...

5 CFR 630.1104 - Donations from a leave bank to an emergency leave transfer program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Donations from a leave bank to an emergency leave transfer program. 630.1104 Section 630.1104 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Emergency Leave Transfer Program § 630.1104 Donations...

5 CFR 630.1104 - Donations from a leave bank to an emergency leave transfer program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Donations from a leave bank to an emergency leave transfer program. 630.1104 Section 630.1104 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Emergency Leave Transfer Program § 630.1104 Donations...

5 CFR 630.1104 - Donations from a leave bank to an emergency leave transfer program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Donations from a leave bank to an emergency leave transfer program. 630.1104 Section 630.1104 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Emergency Leave Transfer Program § 630.1104 Donations...

5 CFR 630.1104 - Donations from a leave bank to an emergency leave transfer program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Donations from a leave bank to an emergency leave transfer program. 630.1104 Section 630.1104 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS ABSENCE AND LEAVE Emergency Leave Transfer Program § 630.1104 Donations...

78 FR 44090 - Formaldehyde; Third-Party Certification Framework for the Formaldehyde Standards for Composite...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-23

... Formaldehyde; Third-Party Certification Framework for the Formaldehyde Standards for Composite Wood Products..., concerning a third-party certification framework for the formaldehyde standards for composite wood products... Environmental protection, Composite wood products, Formaldehyde, Reporting and recordkeeping, Third-party...

Maternity leave duration and postpartum mental and physical health: implications for leave policies.

PubMed

Dagher, Rada K; McGovern, Patricia M; Dowd, Bryan E

2014-04-01

This study examines the association of leave duration with depressive symptoms, mental health, physical health, and maternal symptoms in the first postpartum year, using a prospective cohort design. Eligible employed women, eighteen years or older, were interviewed in person at three Minnesota hospitals while hospitalized for childbirth in 2001. Telephone interviews were conducted at six weeks (N = 716), twelve weeks (N = 661), six months (N = 625), and twelve months (N = 575) after delivery. Depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale), mental and physical health (SF-12 Health Survey), and maternal childbirth-related symptoms were measured at each time period. Two-stage least squares analysis showed that the relationship between leave duration and postpartum depressive symptoms is U-shaped, with a minimum at six months. In the first postpartum year, an increase in leave duration is associated with a decrease in depressive symptoms until six months postpartum. Moreover, ordinary least squares analysis showed a marginally significant linear positive association between leave duration and physical health. Taking leave from work provides time for mothers to rest and recover from pregnancy and childbirth. Findings indicate that the current leave duration provided by the Family and Medical Leave Act, twelve weeks, may not be sufficient for mothers at risk for or experiencing postpartum depression.

Third-party punishment increases cooperation in children through (misaligned) expectations and conditional cooperation

PubMed Central

Lergetporer, Philipp; Angerer, Silvia; Glätzle-Rützler, Daniela; Sutter, Matthias

2014-01-01

The human ability to establish cooperation, even in large groups of genetically unrelated strangers, depends upon the enforcement of cooperation norms. Third-party punishment is one important factor to explain high levels of cooperation among humans, although it is still somewhat disputed whether other animal species also use this mechanism for promoting cooperation. We study the effectiveness of third-party punishment to increase children’s cooperative behavior in a large-scale cooperation game. Based on an experiment with 1,120 children, aged 7 to 11 y, we find that the threat of third-party punishment more than doubles cooperation rates, despite the fact that children are rarely willing to execute costly punishment. We can show that the higher cooperation levels with third-party punishment are driven by two components. First, cooperation is a rational (expected payoff-maximizing) response to incorrect beliefs about the punishment behavior of third parties. Second, cooperation is a conditionally cooperative reaction to correct beliefs that third party punishment will increase a partner’s level of cooperation. PMID:24778231

Third-party punishment increases cooperation in children through (misaligned) expectations and conditional cooperation.

PubMed

Lergetporer, Philipp; Angerer, Silvia; Glätzle-Rützler, Daniela; Sutter, Matthias

2014-05-13

The human ability to establish cooperation, even in large groups of genetically unrelated strangers, depends upon the enforcement of cooperation norms. Third-party punishment is one important factor to explain high levels of cooperation among humans, although it is still somewhat disputed whether other animal species also use this mechanism for promoting cooperation. We study the effectiveness of third-party punishment to increase children's cooperative behavior in a large-scale cooperation game. Based on an experiment with 1,120 children, aged 7 to 11 y, we find that the threat of third-party punishment more than doubles cooperation rates, despite the fact that children are rarely willing to execute costly punishment. We can show that the higher cooperation levels with third-party punishment are driven by two components. First, cooperation is a rational (expected payoff-maximizing) response to incorrect beliefs about the punishment behavior of third parties. Second, cooperation is a conditionally cooperative reaction to correct beliefs that third party punishment will increase a partner's level of cooperation.

Looking Under the Hood of Third-Party Punishment Reveals Design for Personal Benefit.

PubMed

Krasnow, Max M; Delton, Andrew W; Cosmides, Leda; Tooby, John

2016-03-01

Third-party intervention, such as when a crowd stops a mugger, is common. Yet it seems irrational because it has real costs but may provide no personal benefits. In a laboratory analogue, the third-party-punishment game, third parties ("punishers") will often spend real money to anonymously punish bad behavior directed at other people. A common explanation is that third-party punishment exists to maintain a cooperative society. We tested a different explanation: Third-party punishment results from a deterrence psychology for defending personal interests. Because humans evolved in small-scale, face-to-face social worlds, the mind infers that mistreatment of a third party predicts later mistreatment of oneself. We showed that when punishers do not have information about how they personally will be treated, they infer that mistreatment of other people predicts mistreatment of themselves, and these inferences predict punishment. But when information about personal mistreatment is available, it drives punishment. This suggests that humans' punitive psychology evolved to defend personal interests. © The Author(s) 2016.

7 CFR 955.91 - Additional parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Additional parties. 955.91 Section 955.91 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

7 CFR 955.91 - Additional parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Additional parties. 955.91 Section 955.91 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

7 CFR 955.91 - Additional parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Additional parties. 955.91 Section 955.91 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

7 CFR 955.91 - Additional parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Additional parties. 955.91 Section 955.91 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

7 CFR 955.91 - Additional parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Additional parties. 955.91 Section 955.91 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

47 CFR 76.93 - Parties entitled to network non-duplication protection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Parties entitled to network non-duplication... RADIO SERVICES MULTICHANNEL VIDEO AND CABLE TELEVISION SERVICE Network Non-duplication Protection, Syndicated Exclusivity and Sports Blackout § 76.93 Parties entitled to network non-duplication protection...

47 CFR 76.93 - Parties entitled to network non-duplication protection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Parties entitled to network non-duplication... RADIO SERVICES MULTICHANNEL VIDEO AND CABLE TELEVISION SERVICE Network Non-duplication Protection, Syndicated Exclusivity and Sports Blackout § 76.93 Parties entitled to network non-duplication protection...

48 CFR 3027.306 - Licensing background patent rights to third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... patent rights to third parties. 3027.306 Section 3027.306 Federal Acquisition Regulations System... PATENTS, DATA, AND COPYRIGHTS Patent Rights under Government Contracts 3027.306 Licensing background patent rights to third parties. (b) The CPO shall make the required determinations and notifications...

Aerosol deposition on plant leaves

Treesearch

James B. Wedding; Roger W. Carlson; James J. Stukel; Fakhri A. Bazzaz

1976-01-01

An aerosol generator and wind tunnel system designed for use in aerosol deposition is described. Gross deposition on rough pubescent leaves was nearly 7 times greater than on smooth, waxy leaves. Results suggest that aerosol deposition, on a per unit area basis, for single horizontal streamlining leaves is similar to that for arrays of leaves under similar flow...

Icephobicity of Leaves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kavehpour, H. Pirouz; Shirazi, Elika T.; Alizadeh-Birjandi, Elaheh

2016-11-01

Ice adhesion and excessive accumulation on exposed structures and equipment are well known to cause serious problems in cold-climate regions; therefore, the development of coatings that can resist icing can solve many challenges in various areas of industry. This work was inspired by nature and ice-resistivity and superhydrophobicity of plants leaves. Kale is an example of a plant that can be harvested in winter. It shows superhydrophobic behavior, which is normally known as an advantage for cleaning the leaves, but we were able to show that its surface structure and high contact angle of water drops on kale leaves could delay the ice formation process making it a good candidate for an ice-repellent coating. We have performed in-depth experimental analyses on how different plants can prevent icing, and contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the leaves were taken to further mimic their surface morphology.

The Soviet Union and the Socialist and Social Democratic Parties of Western Europe.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-02-01

British forces, Craxi stated, "Those missiles are not on the moon," Corriere della Sera, May 30, 1985. • 7 .- P.- N" It.- ’j -9.’-V 1.r". k7 17- -. W...Party (PIP) Progressive Labor Party of St. Lucia (PLP) People’s Electoral Movement (MEP), Venezuela Consultative Parties-in-Exile Bulgarian Social

Two-Party secret key distribution via a modified quantum secret sharing protocol

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Grice, Warren P.; Evans, Philip G.; Lawrie, Benjamin

We present and demonstrate a method of distributing secret information based on N-party single-qubit Quantum Secret Sharing (QSS) in a modied plug-and-play two-party Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) system with N 2 intermediate nodes and compare it to both standard QSS and QKD. Our setup is based on the Clavis2 QKD system built by ID Quantique but is generalizable to any implementation. We show that any two out of N parties can build a secret key based on partial information from each other and with collaboration from the remaining N 2 parties. This method signicantly reduces the number of resources (singlemore » photon detectors, lasers and dark ber connections) needed to implement QKD on the grid.« less

Two-Party secret key distribution via a modified quantum secret sharing protocol

DOE PAGES

Grice, Warren P.; Evans, Philip G.; Lawrie, Benjamin; ...

2015-01-01

We present and demonstrate a method of distributing secret information based on N-party single-qubit Quantum Secret Sharing (QSS) in a modied plug-and-play two-party Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) system with N 2 intermediate nodes and compare it to both standard QSS and QKD. Our setup is based on the Clavis2 QKD system built by ID Quantique but is generalizable to any implementation. We show that any two out of N parties can build a secret key based on partial information from each other and with collaboration from the remaining N 2 parties. This method signicantly reduces the number of resources (singlemore » photon detectors, lasers and dark ber connections) needed to implement QKD on the grid.« less

28 CFR 513.35 - Accounting/nonaccounting of disclosures to third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Accounting/nonaccounting of disclosures... and Procedures § 513.35 Accounting/nonaccounting of disclosures to third parties. Accounting/nonaccounting of disclosures to third parties shall be made in accordance with Department of Justice regulations...

48 CFR 27.306 - Licensing background patent rights to third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... patent rights to third parties. 27.306 Section 27.306 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION GENERAL CONTRACTING REQUIREMENTS PATENTS, DATA, AND COPYRIGHTS Patent Rights under Government Contracts 27.306 Licensing background patent rights to third parties. (a) A contract with a small...

48 CFR 27.306 - Licensing background patent rights to third parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... patent rights to third parties. 27.306 Section 27.306 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION GENERAL CONTRACTING REQUIREMENTS PATENTS, DATA, AND COPYRIGHTS Patent Rights under Government Contracts 27.306 Licensing background patent rights to third parties. (a) A contract with a small...

Quantum solution to a class of two-party private summation problems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shi, Run-Hua; Zhang, Shun

2017-09-01

In this paper, we define a class of special two-party private summation (S2PPS) problems and present a common quantum solution to S2PPS problems. Compared to related classical solutions, our solution has advantages of higher security and lower communication complexity, and especially it can ensure the fairness of two parties without the help of a third party. Furthermore, we investigate the practical applications of our proposed S2PPS protocol in many privacy-preserving settings with big data sets, including private similarity decision, anonymous authentication, social networks, secure trade negotiation, secure data mining.

Multi-party quantum key agreement with five-qubit brown states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cai, Tao; Jiang, Min; Cao, Gang

2018-05-01

In this paper, we propose a multi-party quantum key agreement protocol with five-qubit brown states and single-qubit measurements. Our multi-party protocol ensures each participant to contribute equally to the agreement key. Each party performs three single-qubit unitary operations on three qubits of each brown state. Finally, by measuring brown states and decoding the measurement results, all participants can negotiate a shared secret key without classical bits exchange between them. With the analysis of security, our protocol demonstrates that it can resist against both outsider and participant attacks. Compared with other schemes, it also possesses a higher information efficiency. In terms of physical operation, it requires single-qubit measurements only which weakens the hardware requirements of participant and has a better operating flexibility.

The Drastic Outcomes from Voting Alliances in Three-Party Democratic Voting (1990 → 2013)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galam, Serge

2013-04-01

The drastic effect of local alliances in three-party competition is investigated in democratic hierarchical bottom-up voting. The results are obtained analytically using a model which extends a sociophysics frame introduced in 1986 (Galam in J. Math. Phys. 30:426, 1986) and 1990 (Galam in J. Stat. Phys. 61:943, 1990) to study two-party systems and the spontaneous formation of democratic dictatorship. It is worth stressing that the 1990 paper was published in the Journal of Statistical Physics, the first paper of its kind in this journal. It was shown how a minority in power can preserve its leadership using bottom-up democratic elections. However such a bias holds only down to some critical value of minimum support. The results were used latter to explain the sudden collapse of European communist parties in the nineties. The extension to three-party competition reveals the mechanisms by which a very small minority party can get a substantial representation at higher levels of the hierarchy when the other two competing parties are big. Additional surprising results are obtained, which enlighten the complexity of three-party democratic bottom-up voting. In particular, the unexpected outcomes of local voting alliances are singled out. Unbalanced democratic situations are exhibited with strong asymmetries between the actual bottom support of a party and its associated share of power at the top leadership. Subtle strategies are identified for a party to maximize its hold on the top leadership. The results are also valid to describe opinion dynamics with three competing opinions.

Leaf area and photosynthesis of newly emerged trifoliolate leaves are regulated by mature leaves in soybean.

PubMed

Wu, Yushan; Gong, Wanzhuo; Wang, Yangmei; Yong, Taiwen; Yang, Feng; Liu, Weigui; Wu, Xiaoling; Du, Junbo; Shu, Kai; Liu, Jiang; Liu, Chunyan; Yang, Wenyu

2018-03-29

Leaf anatomy and the stomatal development of developing leaves of plants have been shown to be regulated by the same light environment as that of mature leaves, but no report has yet been written on whether such a long-distance signal from mature leaves regulates the total leaf area of newly emerged leaves. To explore this question, we created an investigation in which we collected data on the leaf area, leaf mass per area (LMA), leaf anatomy, cell size, cell number, gas exchange and soluble sugar content of leaves from three soybean varieties grown under full sunlight (NS), shaded mature leaves (MS) or whole plants grown in shade (WS). Our results show that MS or WS cause a marked decline both in leaf area and LMA in newly developing leaves. Leaf anatomy also showed characteristics of shade leaves with decreased leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness, sponge tissue thickness, cell size and cell numbers. In addition, in the MS and WS treatments, newly developed leaves exhibited lower net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (E), but higher carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentration in the intercellular space (Ci) than plants grown in full sunlight. Moreover, soluble sugar content was significantly decreased in newly developed leaves in MS and WS treatments. These results clearly indicate that (1) leaf area, leaf anatomical structure, and photosynthetic function of newly developing leaves are regulated by a systemic irradiance signal from mature leaves; (2) decreased cell size and cell number are the major cause of smaller and thinner leaves in shade; and (3) sugars could possibly act as candidate signal substances to regulate leaf area systemically.

[Precautionary maternity leave in Tirol].

PubMed

Ludescher, K; Baumgartner, E; Roner, A; Brezinka, C

1998-01-01

Under Austrian law, precautionary maternity leave is a decree issued by the district public health physician. It forbids a pregnant woman to work and mandates immediate maternity leave. Regular maternity leave for all women employed in all jobs begins at 32 weeks of gestation. Women who work in workplaces deemed dangerous and women with a history of obstetric problems such as premature or growth-retarded babies from previous pregnancies are regularly 'sent' into precautionary maternity leave. The public health physicians of Tirol's nine administrative districts were interviewed and supplied data on precautionary maternity leave from their districts. In 100 women who attended the clinic for pregnancies at risk of the Obstetrics/Gynecology Department of Innsbruck University Hospital and who had already obtained precautionary maternity leave, the medical/administrative procedure was studied in each case and correlated with pregnancy outcome. The town district of Innsbruck and the district that comprises the suburbs of the provincial capital had the highest rates of precautionary maternity leave. The town district of Innsbruck had a rate of 24.3% of all pregnant women (employed and not employed) in precautionary maternity leave in 1997, whereas the whole province of Tirol had 13.4%. More than 80% of decrees for precautionary maternity leave are issued by district public health physicians on the basis of written recommendations from gynecologists. One third of women who are sent into precautionary maternity leave are issued the decree prior to 12 weeks of gestation - mostly cases of multiple pregnancies and women with previous miscarriages. The present system of precautionary maternity leave appears to work in the sense that most working pregnant women with risk factors are correctly identified - with most errors on the side of caution. As the system also helps employers - the employee's pay is paid from the federal family support fund and state insurance once she is in

The impact of Super Bowl parties on nutritional parameters among hemodialysis patients.

PubMed

Ohlrich, Heather; Leon, Janeen B; Zimmerer, Jennifer; Sehgal, Ashwini R

2006-01-01

Little is known about the impact of holiday and other special-event meals on patients with chronic medical conditions. It is possible that patients are less adherent with dietary restrictions during such meals. We sought to determine the impact of Super Bowl parties on nutritional parameters among hemodialysis patients. To determine the relationship between attending a Super Bowl party and subsequent change in serum phosphorus level, serum potassium level, interdialytic weight gain, and blood pressure. Retrospective cohort study. Outpatient dialysis unit. One hundred twenty-two chronic hemodialysis patients. Patients were asked whether they had attended a Super Bowl party. Serum phosphorus level, serum potassium level, interdialytic weight gain, and predialysis blood pressure at the hemodialysis treatment after the Super Bowl and at the hemodialysis treatment 1 month previously were obtained by chart abstraction. The 15 patients who had attended a party had increased serum phosphorus levels (+0.5 mg/dL) and interdialytic weight gain (+1.1% of dry weight) from baseline. These increases were statistically significant (P values .005 and .02, respectively) compared with patients who did not attend a party. Attendees also had increased systolic blood pressure (+6 mm Hg) from baseline, but this was of marginal statistical significance compared with nonattendees (P = .14). Attending a party was not significantly associated with changes in serum potassium and diastolic blood pressure. Attending a Super Bowl party is associated with adverse changes in several nutritional parameters. Although patients should not be discouraged from attending holiday and special-event meals, management of hemodialysis patients should include increased dietary counseling before holidays and special events and increased monitoring afterward.

Web party effect: a cocktail party effect in the web environment

PubMed Central

Gerbino, Walter

2015-01-01

In goal-directed web navigation, labels compete for selection: this process often involves knowledge integration and requires selective attention to manage the dizziness of web layouts. Here we ask whether the competition for selection depends on all web navigation options or only on those options that are more likely to be useful for information seeking, and provide evidence in favor of the latter alternative. Participants in our experiment navigated a representative set of real websites of variable complexity, in order to reach an information goal located two clicks away from the starting home page. The time needed to reach the goal was accounted for by a novel measure of home page complexity based on a part of (not all) web options: the number of links embedded within web navigation elements weighted by the number and type of embedding elements. Our measure fully mediated the effect of several standard complexity metrics (the overall number of links, words, images, graphical regions, the JPEG file size of home page screenshots) on information seeking time and usability ratings. Furthermore, it predicted the cognitive demand of web navigation, as revealed by the duration judgment ratio (i.e., the ratio of subjective to objective duration of information search). Results demonstrate that focusing on relevant links while ignoring other web objects optimizes the deployment of attentional resources necessary to navigation. This is in line with a web party effect (i.e., a cocktail party effect in the web environment): users tune into web elements that are relevant for the achievement of their navigation goals and tune out all others. PMID:25802803

Parental leave and child health.

PubMed

Ruhm, C J

2000-11-01

This study investigates whether rights to parental leave improve pediatric health. Aggregate data are used for 16 European countries over the 1969 through 1994 period. More generous paid leave is found to reduce deaths of infants and young children. The magnitudes of the estimated effects are substantial, especially where a causal effect of leave is most plausible. In particular, there is a much stronger negative relationship between leave durations and post-neonatal or child fatalities than for perinatal mortality, neonatal deaths, or low birth weight. The evidence further suggests that parental leave may be a cost-effective method of bettering child health.

Constituents of political cognition: Race, party politics, and the alliance detection system.

PubMed

Pietraszewski, David; Curry, Oliver Scott; Petersen, Michael Bang; Cosmides, Leda; Tooby, John

2015-07-01

Research suggests that the mind contains a set of adaptations for detecting alliances: an alliance detection system, which monitors for, encodes, and stores alliance information and then modifies the activation of stored alliance categories according to how likely they will predict behavior within a particular social interaction. Previous studies have established the activation of this system when exposed to explicit competition or cooperation between individuals. In the current studies we examine if shared political opinions produce these same effects. In particular, (1) if participants will spontaneously categorize individuals according to the parties they support, even when explicit cooperation and antagonism are absent, and (2) if party support is sufficiently powerful to decrease participants' categorization by an orthogonal but typically-diagnostic alliance cue (in this case the target's race). Evidence was found for both: Participants spontaneously and implicitly kept track of who supported which party, and when party cross-cut race-such that the race of targets was not predictive of party support-categorization by race was dramatically reduced. To verify that these results reflected the operation of a cognitive system for modifying the activation of alliance categories, and not just socially-relevant categories in general, an identical set of studies was also conducted with in which party was either crossed with sex or age (neither of which is predicted to be primarily an alliance category). As predicted, categorization by party occurred to the same degree, and there was no reduction in either categorization by sex or by age. All effects were replicated across two sets of between-subjects conditions. These studies provide the first direct empirical evidence that party politics engages the mind's systems for detecting alliances and establish two important social categorization phenomena: (1) that categorization by age is, like sex, not affected by alliance

Work-family balance after childbirth: the association between employer-offered leave characteristics and maternity leave duration.

PubMed

Guendelman, Sylvia; Goodman, Julia; Kharrazi, Martin; Lahiff, Maureen

2014-01-01

Early return to work after childbirth has been increasing among working mothers in the US. We assessed the relationship between access to employer-offered maternity leave (EOML) (both paid and unpaid) and uptake and duration of maternity leave following childbirth in a socio-economically diverse sample of full-time working women. We focus on California, a state that has long provided more generous maternity leave benefits than those offered by federal maternity leave policies through the State Disability Insurance program. The sample included 691 mothers who gave birth in Southern California in 2002-2003. Using weighted logistic regression, we examined the EOML-maternity leave duration relationship, controlling for whether the leave was paid, as well as other occupational, personality and health-related covariates. Compared with mothers who were offered more than 12 weeks of maternity leave, mothers with <6 weeks of EOML and those offered 6-12 weeks had five times higher odds of returning to work within 12 weeks; those offered no leave had six times higher odds of an early return. These relationships were similar after controlling for whether the leave was paid and after controlling for other occupational and health characteristics. Access to and duration of employer-offered maternity leave significantly determine timing of return to work following childbirth, potentially affecting work-family balance. Policy makers should recognize the pivotal role of employers in offering job security during and after maternity leave and consider widening the eligibility criteria of the Family and Medical Leave Act.

5 CFR 470.303 - Eligible parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Eligible parties. 470.303 Section 470.303 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT RESEARCH... by the Office of Personnel Management and required Congressional and public review. (b) While only a...

34 CFR 682.203 - Responsible parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Responsible parties. 682.203 Section 682.203 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FEDERAL FAMILY EDUCATION LOAN (FFEL) PROGRAM General Provisions § 682.203 Responsible...

Leaves of Absence. School Law Summary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, Washington, DC. Research Div.

This report contains State-by-State statutory summaries on three types of leaves of absence relating to teachers -- sick leave, maternity leave, and sabbatical leave. Only State laws that have specific reference to one of these three types of leaves of absence are included. Not included are those statutes granting boards of education the general…

11 CFR 100.56 - Office building or facility for national party committees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... national party committees. A gift, subscription, loan, advance, or deposit of money or anything of value to a national party committee for the purchase or construction of an office building or facility is a...

46 CFR 310.8 - Leave.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... (7) days. (3) Annual leave shall not exceed thirty (30) days. (4) Christmas and Easter leave shall..., as authorized by the school, not to exceed four (4) months. (2) Christmas and Easter leave and all...

Student Experiences at Off-Campus Parties: Results from a Multicampus Survey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jakeman, Rick C.; Silver, Blake R.; Molasso, William

2014-01-01

The need to understand the settings in which students drink represents an ongoing challenge for universities. Undergraduate students (N = 2,146) completed an online multicampus survey to capture the perceptions of off-campus party guests regarding common party behaviors and events. Results indicate that students frequently attend off-campus…

10 CFR 1800.13 - Conditions for becoming an eligible party state.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Conditions for becoming an eligible party state. 1800.13 Section 1800.13 Energy NORTHEAST INTERSTATE LOW-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE COMMISSION DECLARATION OF PARTY STATE ELIGIBILITY FOR NORTHEAST INTERSTATE LOW-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE COMPACT § 1800.13 Conditions for...

14 CFR 1212.402 - Disclosure to third parties of disputed records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Disclosure to third parties of disputed records. 1212.402 Section 1212.402 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION PRIVACY ACT-NASA REGULATIONS Appeals and Related Matters § 1212.402 Disclosure to third parties of...

14 CFR 1212.402 - Disclosure to third parties of disputed records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2011-01-01 2010-01-01 true Disclosure to third parties of disputed records. 1212.402 Section 1212.402 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION PRIVACY ACT-NASA REGULATIONS Appeals and Related Matters § 1212.402 Disclosure to third parties of...

13 CFR 120.920 - Required participation by the Third Party Lender.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Required participation by the Third Party Lender. 120.920 Section 120.920 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Development Company Loan Program (504) Third Party Loans § 120.920 Required participation by...

Patterns of benzylpiperazine/trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine party pill use and adverse effects in a population sample in New Zealand.

PubMed

Wilkins, Chris; Sweetsur, Paul; Girling, Melissa

2008-11-01

A large legal market for party pills containing benzylpiperazine (BZP) and trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine (TFMPP) developed in New Zealand after 2004. The use of these party pills has been associated with adverse health effects. The purpose of this paper was to assess a general population sample of party pill users to investigate the relationship between (1) patterns of use of BZP/TFMPP party pills and concurrent use of other drug types, and (2) adverse side effects from BZP/TFMPP party pill use. A national household survey of the use of BZP/TFMPP party pills was conducted using a computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) facility. The quantity of BZP and TFMPP in each brand of party pill was obtained from the National Poisons Centre. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of having experienced adverse side effects from party pills. The mean quantity of BZP/TFMPP taken on an occasion of greatest use was 533 mg (median 400 mg, range 43-2500 mg). Being female, using cannabis and other drugs concurrently with BZP/TFMPP party pills, taking large quantities of party pills in a single session and taking 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) recovery pills at the same time as party pills were independent predictors of having experienced an adverse problem from party pills. Females may be at greater risk of experiencing problems from BZP/TFMPP party pills due to their smaller physical size. Taking 5-HTP 'recovery' pills with party pills may increase the risk of adverse effects as both substances increase users' levels of serotonin.

40 CFR Appendix E to Subpart A of... - Article 5 Parties

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 18 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Article 5 Parties E Appendix E to Subpart A of Part 82 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Appendix E to Subpart A of Part 82—Article 5 Parties Afghanistan Albania Algeria Angola Antigua & Barbuda...

40 CFR Appendix E to Subpart A of... - Article 5 Parties

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 18 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Article 5 Parties E Appendix E to Subpart A of Part 82 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Appendix E to Subpart A of Part 82—Article 5 Parties Afghanistan Albania Algeria Angola Antigua & Barbuda...

40 CFR Appendix E to Subpart A of... - Article 5 Parties

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 17 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Article 5 Parties E Appendix E to Subpart A of Part 82 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Appendix E to Subpart A of Part 82—Article 5 Parties Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua...

40 CFR Appendix E to Subpart A of... - Article 5 Parties

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 17 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Article 5 Parties E Appendix E to Subpart A of Part 82 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Appendix E to Subpart A of Part 82—Article 5 Parties Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua...

19 CFR 201.11 - Appearance in an investigation as a party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Appearance in an investigation as a party. 201.11 Section 201.11 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION GENERAL RULES OF GENERAL APPLICATION Initiation and Conduct of Investigations § 201.11 Appearance in an investigation as a party. (a...

19 CFR 201.11 - Appearance in an investigation as a party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Appearance in an investigation as a party. 201.11 Section 201.11 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION GENERAL RULES OF GENERAL APPLICATION Initiation and Conduct of Investigations § 201.11 Appearance in an investigation as a party. (a...

29 CFR 1404.12 - Selection by parties and appointment of arbitrators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., FMCS will accept one of the following methods for selection from a panel: (1) A selection by mutual... 29 Labor 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Selection by parties and appointment of arbitrators. 1404... SERVICE ARBITRATION SERVICES Procedures for Arbitration Services § 1404.12 Selection by parties and...

ParTIES: a toolbox for Paramecium interspersed DNA elimination studies.

PubMed

Denby Wilkes, Cyril; Arnaiz, Olivier; Sperling, Linda

2016-02-15

Developmental DNA elimination occurs in a wide variety of multicellular organisms, but ciliates are the only single-celled eukaryotes in which this phenomenon has been reported. Despite considerable interest in ciliates as models for DNA elimination, no standard methods for identification and characterization of the eliminated sequences are currently available. We present the Paramecium Toolbox for Interspersed DNA Elimination Studies (ParTIES), designed for Paramecium species, that (i) identifies eliminated sequences, (ii) measures their presence in a sequencing sample and (iii) detects rare elimination polymorphisms. ParTIES is multi-threaded Perl software available at https://github.com/oarnaiz/ParTIES. ParTIES is distributed under the GNU General Public Licence v3. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Capuchin Monkeys Judge Third-Party Reciprocity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, James R.; Takimoto, Ayaka; Kuroshima, Hika; Fujita, Kazuo

2013-01-01

Increasing interest is being shown in how children develop an understanding of reciprocity in social exchanges and fairness in resource distribution, including social exchanges between third parties. Although there are descriptions of reciprocity on a one-to-one basis in other species, whether nonhumans detect reciprocity and violations of…

7 CFR 958.90 - Additional parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Additional parties. 958.90 Section 958.90 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... counterpart is executed by him and delivered to the Secretary. This agreement shall take effect as to such new...

Ecologies of ideologies: Explaining party entry and exit in West-European parliaments, 1945–2013

PubMed Central

Berkhout, Joost; Vermeulen, Floris

2016-01-01

This study introduces a population-ecological approach to the entry and exit of political parties. A primary proposition of population ecology is that organizational entry and exit depends on the number of organizations already present: that is, density. We propose that political parties mainly experience competition from parties in the same ideological niche (left, centre, right). Pooled time-series analyses of 410 parties, 263 elections and 18 West-European countries largely support our expectations. We find that political parties are more likely to exit when density within their niche increases. Also there is competition between adjacent ideological niches, i.e. between centrist and right-wing niches. In contrast to our expectations, neither density nor institutional rules impact party entry. This raises important questions about the rationale of prospective entrants. PMID:29046613

Electrophysiological correlates of cocktail-party listening.

PubMed

Lewald, Jörg; Getzmann, Stephan

2015-10-01

Detecting, localizing, and selectively attending to a particular sound source of interest in complex auditory scenes composed of multiple competing sources is a remarkable capacity of the human auditory system. The neural basis of this so-called "cocktail-party effect" has remained largely unknown. Here, we studied the cortical network engaged in solving the "cocktail-party" problem, using event-related potentials (ERPs) in combination with two tasks demanding horizontal localization of a naturalistic target sound presented either in silence or in the presence of multiple competing sound sources. Presentation of multiple sound sources, as compared to single sources, induced an increased P1 amplitude, a reduction in N1, and a strong N2 component, resulting in a pronounced negativity in the ERP difference waveform (N2d) around 260 ms after stimulus onset. About 100 ms later, the anterior contralateral N2 subcomponent (N2ac) occurred in the multiple-sources condition, as computed from the amplitude difference for targets in the left minus right hemispaces. Cortical source analyses of the ERP modulation, resulting from the contrast of multiple vs. single sources, generally revealed an initial enhancement of electrical activity in right temporo-parietal areas, including auditory cortex, by multiple sources (at P1) that is followed by a reduction, with the primary sources shifting from right inferior parietal lobule (at N1) to left dorso-frontal cortex (at N2d). Thus, cocktail-party listening, as compared to single-source localization, appears to be based on a complex chronology of successive electrical activities within a specific cortical network involved in spatial hearing in complex situations. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

20 CFR 355.17 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... REGULATIONS UNDER THE PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT OF 1986 § 355.17 Rights of parties. Except as otherwise...; (b) Participate in any conference held by the ALJ; (c) Conduct discovery; (d) Agree to stipulations...

DSHEA's third-party literature exemption; mail order sales, direct marketing, and Internet use.

PubMed

Raubicheck, C J

1999-01-01

This article examines ways in which marketers of dietary supplements can make use of the "third-party literature" section of the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA). This provision permits persons or entities, other than manufacturers or distributors, to distribute to consumers certain publications in connection with the sale of particular supplements. These publications may include statements about the therapeutic benefits of such products without subjecting the products to regulation by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as unapproved new drugs. Specifically, this article addresses the following: Can a dietary supplement manufacturer or distributor send third-party literature about a dietary supplement to a customer in a mail order sales transaction? Can third-party literature be disseminated by mail with dietary supplement catalogues only? Can third-party literature be disseminated by sales representatives engaged in direct marketing of dietary supplements? Can third-party literature appear on the Internet? The answer appears to be affirmative in each of these situations.

CosmoQuest: Virtual Star Parties as a Conduit to Citizen Science Research

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lewis, Scott; Gugliucci, N. E.; Gay, P. L.; Amateur Astronomer Team; Commentator Team

2013-01-01

CosmoQuest has created an environment that actively engages the public through online star parties while building a growing virtual research center that allows individuals anywhere in the world to participate in and contribute to scientific research. Utilizing the infrastructure of Google+ and YouTube, CosmoQuest has brought optical observational astronomy into homes across the world. Every week astronomers - amateur and professional - meet to share live sky images and to discuss the science behind their beauty during Virtual Star parties. A wide array of optics and digital detectors from varied locations collaborate in a fashion not possible in the standard public star party. Every viewer is able to virtually look through the imaging telescope simultaneously while the equipment owner doesn’t need to worry about accidental mishandling by the public. Digital cameras and CCDs also allow longer exposures of deep-sky objects, something not typical in a standard star party event. Our diversity of equipment - ranging from hand-guided Dobsonian telescopes to 16” Schmidt-Cassegrain telescopes on Paramounts - give viewers the opportunity to experience the sky through different systems. Additional Star Parties focus on special astronomical events, such as eclipses and transits. The annular eclipse of 20 May, 2012 brought together astronomers, space enthusiasts and a curious public into a Google+ Hangout On Air to celebrate the event while advocating safe observing methods and explaining the science behind the phenomenon. Public photos of the eclipse were shared live in the broadcast while video of the event was streamed for thousands of viewers to enjoy. Other special event star parties have focused on the Super Moon, Eros Opposition, and the Venus Transit. In this poster we review the technology behind star parties and the reach of these events.

Twitter-Based Analysis of the Dynamics of Collective Attention to Political Parties

PubMed Central

Eom, Young-Ho; Puliga, Michelangelo; Smailović, Jasmina; Mozetič, Igor; Caldarelli, Guido

2015-01-01

Large-scale data from social media have a significant potential to describe complex phenomena in the real world and to anticipate collective behaviors such as information spreading and social trends. One specific case of study is represented by the collective attention to the action of political parties. Not surprisingly, researchers and stakeholders tried to correlate parties' presence on social media with their performances in elections. Despite the many efforts, results are still inconclusive since this kind of data is often very noisy and significant signals could be covered by (largely unknown) statistical fluctuations. In this paper we consider the number of tweets (tweet volume) of a party as a proxy of collective attention to the party, identify the dynamics of the volume, and show that this quantity has some information on the election outcome. We find that the distribution of the tweet volume for each party follows a log-normal distribution with a positive autocorrelation of the volume over short terms, which indicates the volume has large fluctuations of the log-normal distribution yet with a short-term tendency. Furthermore, by measuring the ratio of two consecutive daily tweet volumes, we find that the evolution of the daily volume of a party can be described by means of a geometric Brownian motion (i.e., the logarithm of the volume moves randomly with a trend). Finally, we determine the optimal period of averaging tweet volume for reducing fluctuations and extracting short-term tendencies. We conclude that the tweet volume is a good indicator of parties' success in the elections when considered over an optimal time window. Our study identifies the statistical nature of collective attention to political issues and sheds light on how to model the dynamics of collective attention in social media. PMID:26161795

Twitter-Based Analysis of the Dynamics of Collective Attention to Political Parties.

PubMed

Eom, Young-Ho; Puliga, Michelangelo; Smailović, Jasmina; Mozetič, Igor; Caldarelli, Guido

2015-01-01

Large-scale data from social media have a significant potential to describe complex phenomena in the real world and to anticipate collective behaviors such as information spreading and social trends. One specific case of study is represented by the collective attention to the action of political parties. Not surprisingly, researchers and stakeholders tried to correlate parties' presence on social media with their performances in elections. Despite the many efforts, results are still inconclusive since this kind of data is often very noisy and significant signals could be covered by (largely unknown) statistical fluctuations. In this paper we consider the number of tweets (tweet volume) of a party as a proxy of collective attention to the party, identify the dynamics of the volume, and show that this quantity has some information on the election outcome. We find that the distribution of the tweet volume for each party follows a log-normal distribution with a positive autocorrelation of the volume over short terms, which indicates the volume has large fluctuations of the log-normal distribution yet with a short-term tendency. Furthermore, by measuring the ratio of two consecutive daily tweet volumes, we find that the evolution of the daily volume of a party can be described by means of a geometric Brownian motion (i.e., the logarithm of the volume moves randomly with a trend). Finally, we determine the optimal period of averaging tweet volume for reducing fluctuations and extracting short-term tendencies. We conclude that the tweet volume is a good indicator of parties' success in the elections when considered over an optimal time window. Our study identifies the statistical nature of collective attention to political issues and sheds light on how to model the dynamics of collective attention in social media.

Relationships between job satisfaction, intentions to leave family practice and actually leaving among family physicians in England.

PubMed

Hann, Mark; Reeves, David; Sibbald, Bonnie

2011-08-01

A national survey of family physicians working in the National Health Service (NHS) of England in 2001 revealed that 1/10 under 50 years of age were intending to leave direct patient care within 5 years, and that the principal predictor of their intention to leave was job satisfaction. Our research addressed two questions. First, does a family physician's stated intention to leave their job predict whether or not they actually do leave? Second, to what extent does job satisfaction predict actually leaving? Secondary data analysis was performed on 1174 family physicians aged 50 years and under, who responded to the aforementioned survey. Using data from the annual census of physicians in the NHS, we determined which physicians actually left family practice during the next 5 years. Of the 1174 family physicians studied, 194 (16.5%) had left direct patient care within 5 years. Multivariate regression showed that job satisfaction predicted a physician's intention to leave direct patient care and that intention to leave predicted actually leaving. Logically, job satisfaction should then have predicted actual leaving. Our findings, however, suggest that this is only partly true. Although higher levels of job 'dissatisfaction' were associated with an increased likelihood of leaving, higher levels of job 'satisfaction' did not prevent leaving.

11 CFR 109.33 - May a political party committee assign its coordinated party expenditure authority to another...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL COORDINATED AND INDEPENDENT EXPENDITURES (2 U.S.C. 431(17... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false May a political party committee assign its... committee includes a subordinate committee of a State committee and includes a district or local committee...

Outcomes and intentions in children's, adolescents', and adults' second- and third-party punishment behavior.

PubMed

Gummerum, Michaela; Chu, Maria T

2014-10-01

Theories of morality maintain that punishment supports the emergence and maintenance of moral behavior. This study investigated developmental differences in the role of outcomes and the violator's intentions in second-party punishment (where punishers are victims of a violation) and third-party punishment (where punishers are unaffected observers of a violation). Four hundred and forty-three adults and 8-, 12-, and 15-year-olds made choices in mini-ultimatum games and newly-developed mini-third-party punishment games, which involved actual incentives rather than hypothetical decisions. Adults integrated outcomes and intentions in their second- and third-party punishment, whereas 8-year-olds consistently based their punishment on the outcome of the violation. Adolescents integrated outcomes and intentions in second- but not third-party punishment. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Parental Leave Use among Disadvantaged Fathers

PubMed Central

Pragg, Brianne; Knoester, Chris

2016-01-01

The United States lags behind other industrialized countries in its lack of inclusive and standardized parental leave policy after the birth or adoption of a child. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N=2,233), this study examines the patterns and predictors of fathers’ parental leave use, as well as its association with father-child engagement. Our findings indicate that the vast majority of employed fathers take parental leave, but they rarely take more than one week of leave. Fathers who have more positive attitudes about fatherhood and who live with the birth mother are especially likely to take leave, and to take more weeks of leave, than other fathers. Finally, we find that taking parental leave, and taking more weeks of parental leave, is positively associated with father engagement levels at one year and five years after the birth of his child. PMID:28694555

Mediated Leader Effects: The Impact of Newspapers' Portrayal of Party Leadership on Electoral Support.

PubMed

Aaldering, Loes; van der Meer, Tom; Van der Brug, Wouter

2018-01-01

Conventional wisdom holds that party leaders matter in democratic elections. As very few voters have direct contact with party leaders, media are voters' primary source of information about these leaders and, thus, the likely origin of leader effects on party support. Our study focuses on these supposed electoral effects of the media coverage of party leaders. We examine the positive and negative effects of specific leadership images in Dutch newspapers on vote intentions. To this end, we combine an extensive automated content analysis of leadership images in the media with a panel data set, the Dutch 1Vandaag Opinion Panel (1VOP), consisting of more than fifty thousand unique respondents and 110 waves of interviews conducted between September 2006 and September 2012. The results confirm that media coverage of party leaders' character traits affects voters: Positive mediated leadership images increase support for the leader's party, while negative images decrease this support. However, this influence is not unconditional: During campaign periods, positive leadership images have a stronger effect, while negative images no longer have an impact on subsequent vote intentions.

Mediated Leader Effects: The Impact of Newspapers’ Portrayal of Party Leadership on Electoral Support

PubMed Central

Aaldering, Loes; van der Meer, Tom; Van der Brug, Wouter

2017-01-01

Conventional wisdom holds that party leaders matter in democratic elections. As very few voters have direct contact with party leaders, media are voters’ primary source of information about these leaders and, thus, the likely origin of leader effects on party support. Our study focuses on these supposed electoral effects of the media coverage of party leaders. We examine the positive and negative effects of specific leadership images in Dutch newspapers on vote intentions. To this end, we combine an extensive automated content analysis of leadership images in the media with a panel data set, the Dutch 1Vandaag Opinion Panel (1VOP), consisting of more than fifty thousand unique respondents and 110 waves of interviews conducted between September 2006 and September 2012. The results confirm that media coverage of party leaders’ character traits affects voters: Positive mediated leadership images increase support for the leader’s party, while negative images decrease this support. However, this influence is not unconditional: During campaign periods, positive leadership images have a stronger effect, while negative images no longer have an impact on subsequent vote intentions. PMID:29527251

Direct and indirect effects of third-party relationships on interpersonal trust.

PubMed

Ferrin, Donald L; Dirks, Kurt T; Shah, Pri P

2006-07-01

Past studies of the determinants of interpersonal trust have focused primarily on how trust forms in isolated dyads. Yet within organizations, trust typically develops between individuals who are embedded in a complex web of existing and potential relationships. In this article, the authors identify 3 alternative ways in which a trustor and trustee may be linked to each other via third parties: network closure (linked via social interactions with third parties), trust transferability (linked via trusted third parties), and structural equivalence (linked via the similarity of their relationships with all potential third parties within the organization). Each of these is argued to influence interpersonal trust via a distinct social mechanism. The authors hypothesized that network closure and structural equivalence would predict interpersonal trust indirectly via their impact on interpersonal organizational citizenship behaviors performed within the interpersonal relationship, whereas trust transferability would predict trust directly. Social network analyses of data gathered from a medium-sized work organization provide substantial support for the hypotheses and also suggest important directions for future research. ((c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved).

Third Party Interaction in the Medical Context: Code-switching and Control

PubMed Central

Vickers, Caroline H.; Goble, Ryan; Deckert, Sharon K.

2015-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to examine the micro-interactional co-construction of power within Spanish language concordant medical consultations in California involving a third party family member. Findings indicate the third party instigates code-switching to English on the part of medical providers, a language that the patient does not understand, rendering the patient a non-participant in the medical consultation. In these consultations involving a third party family member, monolingual Spanish-speaking patients are stripped of control in ways that are similar to other powerless groups in medical consultations. Implications include the need to further examine how micro-level interactions reproduce societal ideologies and shape policy on the ground. PMID:27667896

Multi-party quantum key agreement protocol secure against collusion attacks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Ping; Sun, Zhiwei; Sun, Xiaoqiang

2017-07-01

The fairness of a secure multi-party quantum key agreement (MQKA) protocol requires that all involved parties are entirely peer entities and can equally influence the outcome of the protocol to establish a shared key wherein no one can decide the shared key alone. However, it is found that parts of the existing MQKA protocols are sensitive to collusion attacks, i.e., some of the dishonest participants can collaborate to predetermine the final key without being detected. In this paper, a multi-party QKA protocol resisting collusion attacks is proposed. Different from previous QKA protocol resisting N-1 coconspirators or resisting 1 coconspirators, we investigate the general circle-type MQKA protocol which can be secure against t dishonest participants' cooperation. Here, t < N. We hope the results of the presented paper will be helpful for further research on fair MQKA protocols.

Application of Blind Quantum Computation to Two-Party Quantum Computation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, Zhiyuan; Li, Qin; Yu, Fang; Chan, Wai Hong

2018-06-01

Blind quantum computation (BQC) allows a client who has only limited quantum power to achieve quantum computation with the help of a remote quantum server and still keep the client's input, output, and algorithm private. Recently, Kashefi and Wallden extended BQC to achieve two-party quantum computation which allows two parties Alice and Bob to perform a joint unitary transform upon their inputs. However, in their protocol Alice has to prepare rotated single qubits and perform Pauli operations, and Bob needs to have a powerful quantum computer. In this work, we also utilize the idea of BQC to put forward an improved two-party quantum computation protocol in which the operations of both Alice and Bob are simplified since Alice only needs to apply Pauli operations and Bob is just required to prepare and encrypt his input qubits.

Application of Blind Quantum Computation to Two-Party Quantum Computation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, Zhiyuan; Li, Qin; Yu, Fang; Chan, Wai Hong

2018-03-01

Blind quantum computation (BQC) allows a client who has only limited quantum power to achieve quantum computation with the help of a remote quantum server and still keep the client's input, output, and algorithm private. Recently, Kashefi and Wallden extended BQC to achieve two-party quantum computation which allows two parties Alice and Bob to perform a joint unitary transform upon their inputs. However, in their protocol Alice has to prepare rotated single qubits and perform Pauli operations, and Bob needs to have a powerful quantum computer. In this work, we also utilize the idea of BQC to put forward an improved two-party quantum computation protocol in which the operations of both Alice and Bob are simplified since Alice only needs to apply Pauli operations and Bob is just required to prepare and encrypt his input qubits.

25 CFR 162.570 - May the parties amend a WSR lease?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false May the parties amend a WSR lease? 162.570 Section 162.570 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LAND AND WATER LEASES AND PERMITS Wind and Solar Resource Leases Wsr Lease Amendments § 162.570 May the parties amend a WSR lease? The...

25 CFR 162.570 - May the parties amend a WSR lease?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false May the parties amend a WSR lease? 162.570 Section 162.570 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LAND AND WATER LEASES AND PERMITS Wind and Solar Resource Leases Wsr Lease Amendments § 162.570 May the parties amend a WSR lease? The...

5 CFR 630.1206 - Notice of leave.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... LEAVE Family and Medical Leave § 630.1206 Notice of leave. (a) If leave taken under § 630.1203(a) of... calendar days after the date the employee provides notice of his or her need for family and medical leave... medical treatment, the employee shall provide notice to the agency of his or her intention to take leave...

The ties that bind: bonding versus bridging social capital and college student party attendance.

PubMed

Buettner, Cynthia K; Debies-Carl, Jeffrey S

2012-07-01

This study explored the relationship between bonding and bridging social capital and college student attendance at alcohol-present parties, a common method for building informal social networks. A random sample of students (n = 6,291; 52% female) from a large public midwestern university completed a survey regarding their alcohol use and party-related behaviors on targeted weekends. The survey also included questions regarding students' living arrangements, romantic relationships, and membership in student and community organizations. Based on a dichotomous logistic regression analysis, we concluded that the act of attending parties largely serves as a complement to, rather than a substitute for, more conventional and formal social capital. Membership in bonding groups is associated with increased odds of party attendance, and bridging exerts no direct effect on party attendance. However, bridging capital does mitigate the effect of bonding capital, reducing its apparent tendency to promote or contribute to partying. Off-campus parties may offer an informal supplement to more conventional social capital as students establish themselves in their new context. These findings may have implications for structural decisions (e.g., number of roommates) as well as the design of context-based prevention programs that address students' need to quickly build social capital without exposing both themselves and the students around them to the harms associated with high-risk drinking.

The Ties That Bind: Bonding Versus Bridging Social Capital and College Student Party Attendance

PubMed Central

Buettner, Cynthia K.; Debies-Carl, Jeffrey S.

2012-01-01

Objective: This study explored the relationship between bonding and bridging social capital and college student attendance at alcohol-present parties, a common method for building informal social networks. Method: A random sample of students (n = 6,291; 52% female) from a large public midwestern university completed a survey regarding their alcohol use and party-related behaviors on targeted weekends. The survey also included questions regarding students’ living arrangements, romantic relationships, and membership in student and community organizations. Results: Based on a dichotomous logistic regression analysis, we concluded that the act of attending parties largely serves as a complement to, rather than a substitute for, more conventional and formal social capital. Membership in bonding groups is associated with increased odds of party attendance, and bridging exerts no direct effect on party attendance. However, bridging capital does mitigate the effect of bonding capital, reducing its apparent tendency to promote or contribute to partying. Conclusions: Off-campus parties may offer an informal supplement to more conventional social capital as students establish themselves in their new context. These findings may have implications for structural decisions (e.g., number of roommates) as well as the design of context-based prevention programs that address students’ need to quickly build social capital without exposing both themselves and the students around them to the harms associated with high-risk drinking. PMID:22630799

Does dishonesty really invite third-party punishment? Results of a more stringent test.

PubMed

Konishi, Naoki; Ohtsubo, Yohsuke

2015-05-01

Many experiments have demonstrated that people are willing to incur cost to punish norm violators even when they are not directly harmed by the violation. Such altruistic third-party punishment is often considered an evolutionary underpinning of large-scale human cooperation. However, some scholars argue that previously demonstrated altruistic third-party punishment against fairness-norm violations may be an experimental artefact. For example, envy-driven retaliatory behaviour (i.e. spite) towards better-off unfair game players may be misidentified as altruistic punishment. Indeed, a recent experiment demonstrated that participants ceased to inflict third-party punishment against an unfair player once a series of key methodological problems were systematically controlled for. Noticing that a previous finding regarding apparently altruistic third-party punishment against honesty-norm violations may have been subject to methodological issues, we used a different and what we consider to be a more sound design to evaluate these findings. Third-party punishment against dishonest players withstood this more stringent test. © 2015 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.

The Impact of Third-Party Information on Trust: Valence, Source, and Reliability

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Economic exchange between strangers happens extremely frequently due to the growing number of internet transactions. In trust situations like online transactions, a trustor usually does not know whether she encounters a trustworthy trustee. However, the trustor might form beliefs about the trustee's trustworthiness by relying on third-party information. Different kinds of third-party information can vary dramatically in their importance to the trustor. We ran a factorial design to study how the different characteristics of third-party information affect the trustor’s decision to trust. We systematically varied unregulated third-party information regarding the source (friend or a stranger), the reliability (gossip or experiences), and the valence (positive or negative) of the information. The results show that negative information is more salient for withholding trust than positive information is for placing trust. If third-party information is positive, experience of a friend has the strongest effect on trusting followed by friend’s gossip. Positive information from a stranger does not matter to the trustor. With respect to negative information, the data show that even the slightest hint of an untrustworthy trustee leads to significantly less placed trust irrespective of the source or the reliability of the information. PMID:26882013

Student Reception, Awards Ceremony, and Dance Party

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2014-03-01

In the first part of this event, SPS will award winning undergraduate students for outstanding oral and poster presentations. New this year-Club Physics! Join us for a fun dance party after the awards ceremony. Light refreshments will be served.

Governator vs. Hunter and Aggregator: A simulation of party competition with vote-seeking and office-seeking rules.

PubMed

Lehrer, Roni; Schumacher, Gijs

2018-01-01

The policy positions parties choose are central to both attracting voters and forming coalition governments. How then should parties choose positions to best represent voters? Laver and Sergenti show that in an agent-based model with boundedly rational actors a decision rule (Aggregator) that takes the mean policy position of its supporters is the best rule to achieve high congruence between voter preferences and party positions. But this result only pertains to representation by the legislature, not representation by the government. To evaluate this we add a coalition formation procedure with boundedly rational parties to the Laver and Sergenti model of party competition. We also add two new decision rules that are sensitive to government formation outcomes rather than voter positions. We develop two simulations: a single-rule one in which parties with the same rule compete and an evolutionary simulation in which parties with different rules compete. In these simulations we analyze party behavior under a large number of different parameters that describe real-world variance in political parties' motives and party system characteristics. Our most important conclusion is that Aggregators also produce the best match between government policy and voter preferences. Moreover, even though citizens often frown upon politicians' interest in the prestige and rents that come with winning political office (office pay-offs), we find that citizens actually receive better representation by the government if politicians are motivated by these office pay-offs in contrast to politicians with ideological motivations (policy pay-offs). Finally, we show that while more parties are linked to better political representation, how parties choose policy positions affects political representation as well. Overall, we conclude that to understand variation in the quality of political representation scholars should look beyond electoral systems and take into account variation in party

Leave requirements under the Family and Medical Leave Act: a trap for the unwary.

PubMed

Mackarey, J A

1997-06-01

The old adage "ignorance of the law is no defense," is certainly true when dealing with the Family Medical leave Act. That is, lack of knowledge does not excuse the failure of the employer to properly designate the leave. Therefore, as an employer, one must be sure to know and follow the Family Medical Leave Act requirements. Not doing so may be a costly mistake.

Paid Maternity Leave and Breastfeeding Outcomes.

PubMed

Mirkovic, Kelsey R; Perrine, Cria G; Scanlon, Kelley S

2016-09-01

Despite the benefits of breastfeeding, rates in the United States are low. Shorter maternity leave is associated with lower initiation and shorter durations of breastfeeding; however, little is known about how paid maternity leave may influence breastfeeding rates. We used data from the 2006-2010 U.S. National Survey of Family Growth on the most recent birth to employed women who delivered a child within the previous 5 years. Separate multivariable logistic regression models were used to describe the associations between paid leave duration (0, 1-5, 6-11, ≥ 12 weeks, maternity leave not taken) and three outcomes: 1) breastfeeding initiation, 2) 6-month duration, and 3) 6-month duration among initiators. Twenty-eight percent of prenatally employed women received no paid leave. Women who received 12 or more weeks of paid leave were more likely to initiate breastfeeding compared to women with no paid leave (87.3% vs 66.7%, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.83 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.23-6.48]). Similarly, women with 12 or more weeks of paid leave were more likely to breastfeed at 6 months, compared to women with no paid leave (24.9% vs 50.1%, aOR 2.26 [95% CI 1.20-4.26]). Among women who initiated breastfeeding, having received 12 or more weeks' paid leave increased the odds of breastfeeding for 6 or more months; however, the association was not statistically significant in the adjusted model (aOR 1.81 [95% CI 0.93-3.52]). Employed women who received 12 or more weeks of paid maternity leave were more likely to initiate breastfeeding and be breastfeeding their child at 6 months than those without paid leave. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

Goodbye, Mandatory Maternity Leaves

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nation's Schools, 1972

1972-01-01

In precedent-setting decrees, courts and federal and State authorities have branded compulsory maternity leaves either unconstitutional or illegal. School administrators are urged to prod boards of education to adopt more lenient maternity leave policies -- now. (Author)

24 CFR 257.403 - Prohibitions on interested parties in insured mortgage transaction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Prohibitions on interested parties... UNDER NATIONAL HOUSING ACT AND OTHER AUTHORITIES HOPE FOR HOMEOWNERS PROGRAM Enforcement Mortgagor False Information § 257.403 Prohibitions on interested parties in insured mortgage transaction. (a) A mortgage...

15 CFR 296.10 - Third party in-kind contribution of research services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Foreign Trade NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NIST EXTRAMURAL... services. NIST shall not issue a TIP award to a single recipient or joint venture whose proposed budget... party contributor of in-kind research has been executed by both parties and approved by NIST. ...

15 CFR 296.10 - Third party in-kind contribution of research services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Foreign Trade NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NIST EXTRAMURAL... services. NIST shall not issue a TIP award to a single recipient or joint venture whose proposed budget... party contributor of in-kind research has been executed by both parties and approved by NIST. ...

15 CFR 296.10 - Third party in-kind contribution of research services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Foreign Trade NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NIST EXTRAMURAL... services. NIST shall not issue a TIP award to a single recipient or joint venture whose proposed budget... party contributor of in-kind research has been executed by both parties and approved by NIST. ...

15 CFR 296.10 - Third party in-kind contribution of research services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Foreign Trade NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NIST EXTRAMURAL... services. NIST shall not issue a TIP award to a single recipient or joint venture whose proposed budget... party contributor of in-kind research has been executed by both parties and approved by NIST. ...

15 CFR 296.10 - Third party in-kind contribution of research services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Foreign Trade NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NIST EXTRAMURAL... services. NIST shall not issue a TIP award to a single recipient or joint venture whose proposed budget... party contributor of in-kind research has been executed by both parties and approved by NIST. ...

Fathers' Participation in Parental Leave.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haas, Linda

1987-01-01

Summarized are findings from an investigation of Swedish parents, who were studied to discover barriers to fathers taking time off from work to care for a newborn. Discussion focuses on: (1) fathers' participation in parental leave; (2) parents who take leave, and why; (3) barriers to fathers' participation in parental leave; (4) the potential of…

Envelope Responses in Single-trial EEG Indicate Attended Speaker in a Cocktail Party

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-25

attention at the cued location, which may not produce strong lateralization in alpha power. In fact, a similar cocktail party study found that alpha...enhances selective speech envelope tracking in auditory cortex at a ‘ cocktail party ’ J. Neurosci. 33 1417–26 [9] Cherry E C 1953 Some experiments on the...Envelope responses in single-trial EEG indicate attended speaker in a ‘ cocktail party ’ Cort Horton1, Ramesh Srinivasan1,2 and Michael D’Zmura1

Popular Education and the "Party Line"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boughton, Bob

2013-01-01

Popular education, by which is meant adult education within and in support of radical social movements, has become a major topic in academic adult education in recent times. This paper criticises the lack of attention paid in most of this writing to the history, theory and practice of revolutionary parties in the communist and socialist tradition.…

"Give the ladies a chance": gender and partisanship in the Prohibition Party, 1869-1912.

PubMed

Andersen, Lisa

2011-01-01

In the nineteenth-century Prohibition Party, American women ascribed new gendered meanings to party work traditionally performed by male partisans, and also drew upon their gendered roles as women, mothers, and wives to create new partisan strategies. This article investigates the political culture that sustained a remarkable departure from traditional Democratic and Republican practices, and further explores why women's contributions to the Prohibition Party declined in the early-twentieth century. In so doing, it traces how gender and gender roles shaped the meaning of party and politics, and elucidates the interplay between institutions, constituencies, and policy during one of America's most tumultuous political eras.

Three-party quantum secure direct communication against collective noise

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

He, Ye-Feng; Ma, Wen-Ping

2017-10-01

Based on logical quantum states, two three-party quantum secure direct communication protocols are proposed, which can realize the exchange of the secret messages between three parties with the help of the measurement correlation property of six-particle entangled states. These two protocols can be immune to the collective-dephasing noise and the collective-rotation noise, respectively; neither of them has information leakage problem. The one-way transmission mode ensures that they can congenitally resist against the Trojan horse attacks and the teleportation attack. Furthermore, these two protocols are secure against other active attacks because of the use of the decoy state technology.

46 CFR 221.75 - Response by party.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Response by party. 221.75 Section 221.75 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING MARITIME CARRIERS AND RELATED ACTIVITIES REGULATED TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING DOCUMENTED VESSELS AND OTHER MARITIME INTERESTS Civil Penalties...

50 CFR 452.06 - Parties and intervenors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE); ENDANGERED SPECIES COMMITTEE REGULATIONS ENDANGERED SPECIES EXEMPTION... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Parties and intervenors. 452.06 Section 452.06 Wildlife and Fisheries JOINT REGULATIONS (UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT...

Measure and collapse of participatory democracy in a two-party system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sznajd, Jozef

2015-10-01

Measure what is measurable, and make measurable what is not so (Galileo Galilei). According to the above sentence we do not ask why we need to measure democracy but if it is possible to measure something which is not unequivocally defined. Although, it is unlikely a final agreement on the definition of democracy, the idea that it is a form of governance based on collective decision making seems to be uncontested. On the premise that in the high-quality democracy citizens (agents) not only must have equal participation rights but must want to participate in shaping decision, as an effective measure of democracy in a two party political system we propose the percentage of the total population that actually voted in a given elections only for two major parties. Thus, we disregard not only nonvoters but also smaller parties voters whom votes will not have a substantial impact on the election and consequently they will not be in the loop, even theoretically. To describe such a system a sociophysics model based on the $S=1$ Ising model (Blume-Capel) is proposed. The measure of democracy, V_D index, as a function of inter-party conflict is analyzed.

Sick Leave and Factors Influencing Sick Leave in Adult Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A Cross-Sectional Study.

PubMed

van Os-Medendorp, Harmieke; Appelman-Noordermeer, Simone; Bruijnzeel-Koomen, Carla; de Bruin-Weller, Marjolein

2015-03-27

Little is known about the prevalence of sick leave due to atopic dermatitis (AD). The current literature on factors influencing sick leave is mostly derived from other chronic inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sick leave due to AD and to identify influencing factors. A cross-sectional study was carried out in adult patients with AD. sick leave during the two-week and one-year periods, socio-demographic characteristics, disease severity, quality of life and socio-occupational factors. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine influencing factors on sick leave over the two-week period. In total, 253 patients were included; 12% of the patients had to take sick leave in the last two weeks due to AD and 42% in the past year. A higher level of symptom interference (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.13-1.40) or perfectionism/diligence (OR 0.90; 95% CI 0.83-0.96) may respectively increase or decrease the number of sick leave days. Sick leave in patients with AD is a common problem and symptom interference and perfectionism/diligence appeared to influence it. Novel approaches are needed to deal with symptoms at work or school to reduce the amount of sick leave due to AD.

CompGC: Efficient Offline/Online Semi-Honest Two-Party Computation

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-07-06

negligible function µ(·) such that for every κ ∈ N : Pr [ ExptprivA,S(κ) = 1 ] ≤ 12 + µ(κ) 4.1 Component-Based Secure Two-Party Computation We now...automating secure two-party computations. In Ehab Al-Shaer, Angelos D. Keromytis, and Vitaly Shmatikov, editors, ACM CCS 10, pages 451–462. ACM Press...computation. In Yan Chen, George Danezis, and Vitaly Shmatikov, editors, ACM CCS 11, pages 715–724. ACM Press, October 2011. [MGBF14] Benjamin Mood, Debayan

Candidates stick to party guns. In lieu of new healthcare plans, Bush, Gore follow party reform proposals.

PubMed

Gardner, J; Hallam, K

2000-07-03

As the Democratic and GOP nominating conventions approach next month, presumptive nominees Al Gore and George W. Bush are offering no new healthcare plans, both preferring to ride the healthcare waves already set in motion by their respective party's leadership. And the really interesting thing is, the plans aren't that different. Call it creeping incrementalism.

TRICARE; TRICARE sanction authority for third-party billing agents. Final rule.

PubMed

2013-02-26

This final rule will provide the Director, TRICARE Management Activity (TMA), or designee, with the authority to sanction third-party billing agents by invoking the administrative remedy of exclusion or suspension from the TRICARE program. Such sanctions may be invoked in situations involving fraud or abuse on the part of third-party billing agents that prepare or submit claims presented to TRICARE for payment.

38 CFR 21.6340 - Leaves of absence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Leaves of absence. 21... Recipients Leaves of Absence § 21.6340 Leaves of absence. (a) General. VA may approve leaves of absence under vertain conditions. During approved leaves of absence, a ceteran shall be considered to be pursuing...

38 CFR 21.6340 - Leaves of absence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Leaves of absence. 21... Recipients Leaves of Absence § 21.6340 Leaves of absence. (a) General. VA may approve leaves of absence under vertain conditions. During approved leaves of absence, a ceteran shall be considered to be pursuing...

38 CFR 21.6340 - Leaves of absence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Leaves of absence. 21... Recipients Leaves of Absence § 21.6340 Leaves of absence. (a) General. VA may approve leaves of absence under vertain conditions. During approved leaves of absence, a ceteran shall be considered to be pursuing...

38 CFR 21.6340 - Leaves of absence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Leaves of absence. 21... Recipients Leaves of Absence § 21.6340 Leaves of absence. (a) General. VA may approve leaves of absence under vertain conditions. During approved leaves of absence, a ceteran shall be considered to be pursuing...

38 CFR 21.6340 - Leaves of absence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Leaves of absence. 21... Recipients Leaves of Absence § 21.6340 Leaves of absence. (a) General. VA may approve leaves of absence under vertain conditions. During approved leaves of absence, a ceteran shall be considered to be pursuing...

38 CFR 21.8340 - Leaves of absence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Leaves of absence. 21... Vietnam Veterans and Veterans with Covered Service in Korea-Spina Bifida and Covered Birth Defects Leaves of Absence § 21.8340 Leaves of absence. (a) Purpose of leave of absence. The purpose of the leave...

38 CFR 21.8340 - Leaves of absence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Leaves of absence. 21... Vietnam Veterans and Veterans with Covered Service in Korea-Spina Bifida and Covered Birth Defects Leaves of Absence § 21.8340 Leaves of absence. (a) Purpose of leave of absence. The purpose of the leave...

38 CFR 21.8340 - Leaves of absence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Leaves of absence. 21... Vietnam Veterans and Veterans with Covered Service in Korea-Spina Bifida and Covered Birth Defects Leaves of Absence § 21.8340 Leaves of absence. (a) Purpose of leave of absence. The purpose of the leave...

38 CFR 21.8340 - Leaves of absence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Leaves of absence. 21... Vietnam Veterans and Veterans with Covered Service in Korea-Spina Bifida and Covered Birth Defects Leaves of Absence § 21.8340 Leaves of absence. (a) Purpose of leave of absence. The purpose of the leave...

46 CFR 535.312 - Vessel charter party-exemption.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... agreement sets forth the entire terms and conditions (including duration, charter hire, and geographical or operational limitations, if any) under which the vessel will be employed. (b) Vessel charter parties, as...

Drug use and sexual risk among gay and bisexual men who frequent party venues.

PubMed

Theodore, Peter S; Durán, Ron E; Antoni, Michael H

2014-11-01

Research connecting club drug use to risky sex among gay/bisexual men (GBM) contains methodological issues that have limited knowledge about the relative risks of distinct drugs. This paper reports drug use and sexual behavior data from 197 GBM who frequented at least one party venue within 3 months of participating. Alarming rates of drug use and unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) with casual sex-partners were reported in connection with time spent at a bar, club or circuit party. Structural equation modeling revealed that use of methamphetamine, gammahydroxybutrate (GHB), and/or ketamine (K), but not use of ecstasy, at a party venue helped explain likelihood of UAI with a casual sex-partner while under the influence of a drug during/following time partying (β = 0.41, p < .01). Findings suggest use of methamphetamine, GHB and/or K at party venues increases risk for subsequent UAI with casual sex-partners. Study implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research are discussed.

11 CFR 100.85 - Legal or accounting services to political party committees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Legal or accounting services to political party committees. 100.85 Section 100.85 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS (2 U.S.C. 431) Exceptions to Contributions § 100.85 Legal or accounting services to political party...

13 CFR 142.25 - Can a party or witness object to discovery?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... discovery? 142.25 Section 142.25 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS Hearing Provisions § 142.25 Can a party or witness object to discovery? Any party or prospective witness may file a motion to quash a subpoena or to limit discovery or the...

7 CFR 1.651 - What are the parties' rights during the hearing?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What are the parties' rights during the hearing? 1.651 Section 1.651 Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS Conditions in FERC Hydropower Licenses Hearing, Briefing, and Decision § 1.651 What are the parties' rights during...

Punish the Perpetrator or Compensate the Victim? Gain vs. Loss Context Modulate Third-Party Altruistic Behaviors.

PubMed

Liu, Yingjie; Li, Lin; Zheng, Li; Guo, Xiuyan

2017-01-01

Third-party punishment and third-party compensation are primary responses to observed norms violations. Previous studies mostly investigated these behaviors in gain rather than loss context, and few study made direct comparison between these two behaviors. We conducted three experiments to investigate third-party punishment and third-party compensation in the gain and loss context. Participants observed two persons playing Dictator Game to share an amount of gain or loss, and the proposer would propose unfair distribution sometimes. In Study 1A, participants should decide whether they wanted to punish proposer. In Study 1B, participants decided to compensate the recipient or to do nothing. This two experiments explored how gain and loss contexts might affect the willingness to altruistically punish a perpetrator, or to compensate a victim of unfairness. Results suggested that both third-party punishment and compensation were stronger in the loss context. Study 2 directly compare third-party punishment and third-party compensation in the both contexts, by allowing participants choosing between punishment, compensation and keeping. Participants chose compensation more often than punishment in the loss context, and chose more punishments in the gain context. Empathic concern partly explained between-context differences of altruistic compensation and punishment. Our findings provide insights on modulating effect of context on third-party altruistic decisions.

50 CFR 253.15 - Recourse against parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Recourse against parties. 253.15 Section 253.15 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AID TO FISHERIES FISHERIES ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS Fisheries Finance Program...

50 CFR 253.15 - Recourse against parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Recourse against parties. 253.15 Section 253.15 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AID TO FISHERIES FISHERIES ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS Fisheries Finance Program...

50 CFR 253.15 - Recourse against parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Recourse against parties. 253.15 Section 253.15 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AID TO FISHERIES FISHERIES ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS Fisheries Finance Program...

50 CFR 253.15 - Recourse against parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Recourse against parties. 253.15 Section 253.15 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AID TO FISHERIES FISHERIES ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS Fisheries Finance Program...

45 CFR 1386.102 - Rights of parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Rights of parties. 1386.102 Section 1386.102 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) OFFICE OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES THE ADMINISTRATION ON DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES, DEVELOPMENTAL...

Governator vs. Hunter and Aggregator: A simulation of party competition with vote-seeking and office-seeking rules

PubMed Central

2018-01-01

The policy positions parties choose are central to both attracting voters and forming coalition governments. How then should parties choose positions to best represent voters? Laver and Sergenti show that in an agent-based model with boundedly rational actors a decision rule (Aggregator) that takes the mean policy position of its supporters is the best rule to achieve high congruence between voter preferences and party positions. But this result only pertains to representation by the legislature, not representation by the government. To evaluate this we add a coalition formation procedure with boundedly rational parties to the Laver and Sergenti model of party competition. We also add two new decision rules that are sensitive to government formation outcomes rather than voter positions. We develop two simulations: a single-rule one in which parties with the same rule compete and an evolutionary simulation in which parties with different rules compete. In these simulations we analyze party behavior under a large number of different parameters that describe real-world variance in political parties’ motives and party system characteristics. Our most important conclusion is that Aggregators also produce the best match between government policy and voter preferences. Moreover, even though citizens often frown upon politicians’ interest in the prestige and rents that come with winning political office (office pay-offs), we find that citizens actually receive better representation by the government if politicians are motivated by these office pay-offs in contrast to politicians with ideological motivations (policy pay-offs). Finally, we show that while more parties are linked to better political representation, how parties choose policy positions affects political representation as well. Overall, we conclude that to understand variation in the quality of political representation scholars should look beyond electoral systems and take into account variation in party

5 CFR 630.1210 - Greater leave entitlements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AND LEAVE Family and Medical Leave § 630.1210 Greater leave entitlements. (a) An agency shall comply... greater family or medical leave entitlements to employees than those provided under this subpart. Nothing...

43 CFR 45.41 - How may parties obtain discovery of information needed for the case?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... a party wants to discover such materials, it must show: (i) That it has substantial need of the..., conclusions, opinions, or legal theories of an attorney. (g) Experts. Unless restricted by the ALJ, a party... the hearing, and the party shows: (i) That it has a compelling need for the information; and (ii) That...

11 CFR 100.145 - Legal or accounting services to political party committees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... DEFINITIONS (2 U.S.C. 431) Exceptions to Expenditures § 100.145 Legal or accounting services to political party committees. Legal or accounting services rendered to or on behalf of any political committee of a... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Legal or accounting services to political party...