Low-level radioactive waste management: transitioning to off-site disposal at Los Alamos National Laboratory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dorries, Alison M

2010-11-09

Facing the closure of nearly all on-site management and disposal capability for low-level radioactive waste (LLW), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is making ready to ship the majority of LLW off-site. In order to ship off-site, waste must meet the Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facility's (TSDF) Waste Acceptance Criteria (WAC). In preparation, LANL's waste management organization must ensure LANL waste generators characterize and package waste compliantly and waste characterization documentation is complete and accurate. Key challenges that must be addressed to successfully make the shift to off-site disposal of LLW include improving the detail, accuracy, and quality of process knowledgemore » (PK) and acceptable knowledge (AK) documentation, training waste generators and waste management staff on the higher standard of data quality and expectations, improved WAC compliance for off-site facilities, and enhanced quality assurance throughout the process. Certification of LANL generators will allow direct off-site shipping of LLW from their facilities.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Spangler, Lorenz R.; Most, Wm. A.

The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) Hazardous Waste Facility Permit (HWFP) limits the allowable emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from contact handled (CH) transuranic (TRU) waste. The environmental Performance standard within the HWFP, Module IV, Table IV.D.1, prescribes the allowed VOC emissions from the waste to ensure protection of human health and the environment. Compliance with the performance standard to ensure control of VOC emissions is based on VOC concentrations and monitoring in the underground. One of the mechanisms used to ensure compliance with the emissions standards is measuring the VOC concentration in the headspace gas of waste containersmore » prior to disposal. Headspace gas sampling and analysis is the waste characterization activity used to determine the concentration of VOCs in the headspace of waste containers. In addition to being used to demonstrate compliance with the emissions standards of Module IV, Table IV.D.1, the results of the headspace gas sampling and analysis are used to confirm the hazardous wastes identified in the acceptable knowledge (AK) process. Headspace gas sampling and analysis has been an ongoing part of the CH TRU waste characterization program and therefore data are now available concerning its use and applicability. The information from approved Waste Stream Profile Forms (WSPFs) and the headspace gas sampling and analysis results for over 16,000 containers of CH TRU waste were considered as part of this study. The headspace gas sampling and analysis results are based on data from the WIPP Waste Information System (WWIS). These results were evaluated to determine the usefulness of headspace gas sampling and analysis for confirming AK information. The evaluation shows that the reliability of using the results of headspace gas sampling and analysis to confirm AK information can be grouped by mixed and non-mixed waste streams. In general, for mixed waste streams due to VOCs (i.e., carrying VOC-related hazardous waste numbers), there is no reliable comparison that can be made for the detection of a particular target analyte and its associated hazardous waste number(s) based on the AK information on a compound by compound basis. However, for non-mixed waste streams, the results of headspace gas sampling and analysis show a better correlation to the AK information.« less

Adequacy of a Small Quantity Site RH-TRU Waste Program in Meeting Proposed WIPP Characterization Objectives

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Biedscheid, J.; Stahl, S.; Devarakonda, M.

2002-02-26

The first remote-handled transuranic (RH-TRU) waste is expected to be permanently disposed of at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) during Fiscal Year (FY) 2003. The first RH-TRU waste shipments are scheduled from the Battelle Columbus Laboratories (BCL) to WIPP in order to facilitate compliance with BCL Decommissioning Project (BCLDP) milestones. Milestones requiring RH-TRU waste containerization and removal from the site by 2004 in order to meet a 2006 site closure goal, established by Congress in the Defense Facilities Closure Projects account, necessitated the establishment and implementation of a site-specific program to direct the packaging of BCLDP RH-TRU waste priormore » to the finalization of WIPP RH-TRU waste characterization requirements. The program was designed to collect waste data, including audio and videotape records of waste packaging, such that upon completion of waste packaging, comprehensive data records exist from which compliance with final WIPP RH-TRU waste characterization requirements can be demonstrated. With the BCLDP data records generated to date and the development by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)-Carlsbad Field Office (CBFO) of preliminary documents proposing the WIPP RH-TRU waste characterization program, it is possible to evaluate the adequacy of the BCLDP program with respect to meeting proposed characterization objectives. The BCLDP characterization program uses primarily acceptable knowledge (AK) and visual examination (VE) during waste packaging to characterize RH-TRU waste. These methods are used to estimate physical waste parameters, including weight percentages of metals, cellulosics, plastics, and rubber in the waste, and to determine the absence of prohibited items, including free liquids. AK combined with computer modeling is used to estimate radiological waste parameters, including total activity on a waste container basis, for the majority of BCLDP RH-TRU waste. AK combined with direct analysis is used to characterize radiological parameters for the small populations of the RH-TRU waste generated by the BCLDP. All characterization based on AK is verified. Per its design for comprehensive waste data collection, the BCLDP characterization program using AK and waste packaging procedures, including VE during packaging, meets the proposed WIPP RH-TRU waste characterization objectives. The conservative program design implemented generates certification data that will be adequate to meet any additional program requirements that may be imposed by the CBFO.« less

Interaction of the Small GTPase Cdc42 with Arginine Kinase Restricts White Spot Syndrome Virus in Shrimp

PubMed Central

Xu, Ji-Dong; Jiang, Hai-Shan; Wei, Tian-Di; Zhang, Ke-Yi; Wang, Xian-Wei; Zhao, Xiao-Fan

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Many types of small GTPases are widely expressed in eukaryotes and have different functions. As a crucial member of the Rho GTPase family, Cdc42 serves a number of functions, such as regulating cell growth, migration, and cell movement. Several RNA viruses employ Cdc42-hijacking tactics in their target cell entry processes. However, the function of Cdc42 in shrimp antiviral immunity is not clear. In this study, we identified a Cdc42 protein in the kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) and named it MjCdc42. MjCdc42 was upregulated in shrimp challenged by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The knockdown of MjCdc42 and injection of Cdc42 inhibitors increased the proliferation of WSSV. Further experiments determined that MjCdc42 interacted with an arginine kinase (MjAK). By analyzing the binding activity and enzyme activity of MjAK and its mutant, ΔMjAK, we found that MjAK could enhance the replication of WSSV in shrimp. MjAK interacted with the envelope protein VP26 of WSSV. An inhibitor of AK activity, quercetin, could impair the function of MjAK in WSSV replication. Further study demonstrated that the binding of MjCdc42 and MjAK depends on Cys271 of MjAK and suppresses the WSSV replication-promoting effect of MjAK. By interacting with the active site of MjAK and suppressing its enzyme activity, MjCdc42 inhibits WSSV replication in shrimp. Our results demonstrate a new function of Cdc42 in the cellular defense against viral infection in addition to the regulation of actin and phagocytosis, which has been reported in previous studies. IMPORTANCE The interaction of Cdc42 with arginine kinase plays a crucial role in the host defense against WSSV infection. This study identifies a new mechanism of Cdc42 in innate immunity and enriches the knowledge of the antiviral innate immunity of invertebrates. PMID:28031362

Interaction of the Small GTPase Cdc42 with Arginine Kinase Restricts White Spot Syndrome Virus in Shrimp.

PubMed

Xu, Ji-Dong; Jiang, Hai-Shan; Wei, Tian-Di; Zhang, Ke-Yi; Wang, Xian-Wei; Zhao, Xiao-Fan; Wang, Jin-Xing

2017-03-01

Many types of small GTPases are widely expressed in eukaryotes and have different functions. As a crucial member of the Rho GTPase family, Cdc42 serves a number of functions, such as regulating cell growth, migration, and cell movement. Several RNA viruses employ Cdc42-hijacking tactics in their target cell entry processes. However, the function of Cdc42 in shrimp antiviral immunity is not clear. In this study, we identified a Cdc42 protein in the kuruma shrimp ( Marsupenaeus japonicus ) and named it Mj Cdc42. Mj Cdc42 was upregulated in shrimp challenged by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The knockdown of Mj Cdc42 and injection of Cdc42 inhibitors increased the proliferation of WSSV. Further experiments determined that Mj Cdc42 interacted with an arginine kinase ( Mj AK). By analyzing the binding activity and enzyme activity of Mj AK and its mutant, Δ Mj AK, we found that Mj AK could enhance the replication of WSSV in shrimp. Mj AK interacted with the envelope protein VP26 of WSSV. An inhibitor of AK activity, quercetin, could impair the function of Mj AK in WSSV replication. Further study demonstrated that the binding of Mj Cdc42 and Mj AK depends on Cys 271 of Mj AK and suppresses the WSSV replication-promoting effect of Mj AK. By interacting with the active site of Mj AK and suppressing its enzyme activity, Mj Cdc42 inhibits WSSV replication in shrimp. Our results demonstrate a new function of Cdc42 in the cellular defense against viral infection in addition to the regulation of actin and phagocytosis, which has been reported in previous studies. IMPORTANCE The interaction of Cdc42 with arginine kinase plays a crucial role in the host defense against WSSV infection. This study identifies a new mechanism of Cdc42 in innate immunity and enriches the knowledge of the antiviral innate immunity of invertebrates. Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.

Quality of Life, Behaviour and Attitudes towards Actinic Keratosis in Spain: The PIQA Study.

PubMed

Longo, I; Serra-Guillén, C

2018-05-01

This study was aimed to examine patients' knowledge, behaviours and attitudes regarding actinic keratosis (AK) lesions and the impact of the disease on patients' quality of life (QoL). Observational study of patients with AK lesions in Spain. QoL was evaluated with the validated version of Spanish AKQoL questionnaire. Skin self-examination, sun-exposure, habits and attitudes towards AK's treatment were recorded using different questionnaires. The adherence was assessed by means of the Morisky-Green test. Among other variables, QoL and adherence to treatment were compared by using Pearson's χ 2 test and one-way ANOVA tests. Inferential analysis regarding such factors and length of treatment were also performed. A total of 1240 patients (73.6 [10.5] years old) were recruited. Overall, patients that showed higher levels of concern were also showed a higher impairment on QoL. AK had greater effects on women's QoL and those who performed skin self-examination, think that AK is a disease and/or believe that moisturizers can prevent skin aging (P<.05). Adherence and length of treatment were strongly related, since patients with treatments intended for <1week were more likely to show good adherence and complete remission of AK (Odds Ratio [95%CI]: 6.25 [4.55-8.33] and 2.63 [1.96-3.45]), respectively). Concerns due to AK are mainly related to sex and to the consideration of AK as a disease. More concerned patients tend to have lower QoL and good adherence to treatment. Short length of treatment was associated with better adherence and complete remission of AK lesions. Copyright © 2018 AEDV. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

A novel long noncoding RNA AK001796 acts as an oncogene and is involved in cell growth inhibition by resveratrol in lung cancer

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yang, Qiaoyuan; Xu, Enwu; Dai, Jiabin

2015-06-01

Lung cancer is the most common form of cancer throughout the world. The specific targeting of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) by resveratrol opened a new avenue for cancer chemoprevention. In this study, we found that 21 lncRNAs were upregulated and 19 lncRNAs were downregulated in lung cancer A549 cells with 25 μmol/L resveratrol treatment determined by microarray analysis. AK001796, the lncRNA with the most clearly altered expression, was overexpressed in lung cancer tissues and cell lines, but its expression was downregulated in resveratrol-treated lung cancer cells. By monitoring cell proliferation and growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo, wemore » observed a significant reduction in cell viability in lung cancer cells and a slow growth in the tumorigenesis following AK001796 knockdown. We also found that AK001796 knockdown caused a cell-cycle arrest, with significant increases in the percentage of cells in G{sub 0}/G{sub 1} in lung cancer cells. By using cell cycle pathway-specific PCR arrays, we detected changes in a number of cell cycle-related genes related to lncRNA AK001796 knockdown. We further investigated whether AK001796 participated in the anticancer effect of resveratrol and the results showed that reduced lncRNA AK001796 level potentially impaired the inhibitory effect of resveratrol on cell proliferation. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the changes in an lncRNA expression profile induced by resveratrol in lung cancer. - Highlights: • LncRNA AK001796 played an oncogenic role in lung carcinogenesis. • LncRNA AK001796 was downregulated in resveratrol-treated lung cancer cells. • LncRNA AK001796 was involved in the inhibition of cell growth by resveratrol.« less

A phenomenology of informal caregiving for HIV/AIDS in India: Exploring women's search for authoritative knowledge, self-efficacy and resilience.

PubMed

Shukla, Shrivridhi; McCoyd, Judith L M

2018-04-12

Women provide informal caregiving across the world and are often expected to provide care even when ailing themselves. We explore the lived experience of 33 impoverished married Indian women living with HIV and caring for their husbands and/or children living with HIV. Drawing on concepts of authoritative knowledge (AK), self-efficacy and resilience, we found a trajectory that reveals barriers to accessing care, yet we also found that women developed strengths and resiliency. Women gather information, develop "environ-info," and deliberatively weigh AK from health workers, family/friends' advice, and their own experiences. Over multiple iterations of this process, they build self-reliance and resilience.

Percent body fat estimations in college men using field and laboratory methods: a three-compartment model approach.

PubMed

Moon, Jordan R; Tobkin, Sarah E; Smith, Abbie E; Roberts, Michael D; Ryan, Eric D; Dalbo, Vincent J; Lockwood, Chris M; Walter, Ashley A; Cramer, Joel T; Beck, Travis W; Stout, Jeffrey R

2008-04-21

Methods used to estimate percent body fat can be classified as a laboratory or field technique. However, the validity of these methods compared to multiple-compartment models has not been fully established. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of field and laboratory methods for estimating percent fat (%fat) in healthy college-age men compared to the Siri three-compartment model (3C). Thirty-one Caucasian men (22.5 +/- 2.7 yrs; 175.6 +/- 6.3 cm; 76.4 +/- 10.3 kg) had their %fat estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using the BodyGram computer program (BIA-AK) and population-specific equation (BIA-Lohman), near-infrared interactance (NIR) (Futrex(R) 6100/XL), four circumference-based military equations [Marine Corps (MC), Navy and Air Force (NAF), Army (A), and Friedl], air-displacement plethysmography (BP), and hydrostatic weighing (HW). All circumference-based military equations (MC = 4.7% fat, NAF = 5.2% fat, A = 4.7% fat, Friedl = 4.7% fat) along with NIR (NIR = 5.1% fat) produced an unacceptable total error (TE). Both laboratory methods produced acceptable TE values (HW = 2.5% fat; BP = 2.7% fat). The BIA-AK, and BIA-Lohman field methods produced acceptable TE values (2.1% fat). A significant difference was observed for the MC and NAF equations compared to both the 3C model and HW (p < 0.006). Results indicate that the BP and HW are valid laboratory methods when compared to the 3C model to estimate %fat in college-age Caucasian men. When the use of a laboratory method is not feasible, BIA-AK, and BIA-Lohman are acceptable field methods to estimate %fat in this population.

Percent body fat estimations in college men using field and laboratory methods: A three-compartment model approach

PubMed Central

Moon, Jordan R; Tobkin, Sarah E; Smith, Abbie E; Roberts, Michael D; Ryan, Eric D; Dalbo, Vincent J; Lockwood, Chris M; Walter, Ashley A; Cramer, Joel T; Beck, Travis W; Stout, Jeffrey R

2008-01-01

Background Methods used to estimate percent body fat can be classified as a laboratory or field technique. However, the validity of these methods compared to multiple-compartment models has not been fully established. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of field and laboratory methods for estimating percent fat (%fat) in healthy college-age men compared to the Siri three-compartment model (3C). Methods Thirty-one Caucasian men (22.5 ± 2.7 yrs; 175.6 ± 6.3 cm; 76.4 ± 10.3 kg) had their %fat estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using the BodyGram™ computer program (BIA-AK) and population-specific equation (BIA-Lohman), near-infrared interactance (NIR) (Futrex® 6100/XL), four circumference-based military equations [Marine Corps (MC), Navy and Air Force (NAF), Army (A), and Friedl], air-displacement plethysmography (BP), and hydrostatic weighing (HW). Results All circumference-based military equations (MC = 4.7% fat, NAF = 5.2% fat, A = 4.7% fat, Friedl = 4.7% fat) along with NIR (NIR = 5.1% fat) produced an unacceptable total error (TE). Both laboratory methods produced acceptable TE values (HW = 2.5% fat; BP = 2.7% fat). The BIA-AK, and BIA-Lohman field methods produced acceptable TE values (2.1% fat). A significant difference was observed for the MC and NAF equations compared to both the 3C model and HW (p < 0.006). Conclusion Results indicate that the BP and HW are valid laboratory methods when compared to the 3C model to estimate %fat in college-age Caucasian men. When the use of a laboratory method is not feasible, BIA-AK, and BIA-Lohman are acceptable field methods to estimate %fat in this population. PMID:18426582

Cytological diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis, using Papanicolaou and May-Grünwald-Giemsa stained cutaneous tissue smear.

PubMed

Christensen, E; Bofin, A; Gudmundsdóttir, I; Skogvoll, E

2008-10-01

Cytology may become the diagnostic method of choice with the advent of new non-invasive treatments for non-melanoma skin cancer, as the sampling technique for cytology entails little tissue disfiguration. The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the diagnostic performance of scrape cytology using two different cytological staining techniques, and to evaluate additional touch imprint cytology, with that of histopathology of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and actinic keratosis (AK). We investigated 50 BCC and 28 AK histologically verified lesions, from 41 and 25 patients, respectively. Two separate skin scrape samples and one touch imprint sample were taken from each lesion. The smears were stained with Papanicolaou (Pap) or May-Grünwald-Giemsa (MGG) stains. All cytological specimens were examined in random order by pathologists without knowledge of the histology. Cytodiagnostic results were compared with the histopathological report. Scrape cytodiagnosis agreed with histopathology in 48 (Pap) and 47 (MGG) of the 50 BCC cases, and in 26 of 28 (Pap) and 21 of 26 (MGG) AK cases, yielding sensitivities of 96%, 94%, 93% and 81%, respectively. No significant difference in sensitivity between the two staining methods was found but a trend towards higher Pap sensitivity for AK was noted (P = 0.10). Touch imprint cytology confirmed histopathology in 38 of the 77 cases of BCC and AK. Cytological diagnosis with either Pap or MGG stain for BCC and AK is reliable, and differentiates well between BCC and AK. Imprint cytology proved to be non-diagnostic in half of the examined cases.

Cell design and manufacturing changes during the past decade

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Baer, D. A.

1978-01-01

Eight of the most important changes that occurred in the GE 12 AH cell over the past ten years, which are currently being used are evaluated, and a systematic approach to compare their relative merits is presented. Typical positive thickness, typical negative thickness, positive loading, negative loading, final KOH quantity, and precharge as adjustment are shown for the control cell, and the following variables: Teflon treatment; silver treatment; light loading; no PQ treatment; polypropylene separator; the A.K. 1968 plate design no PQ, old elec process, no decarb process and the A.K. 1968 plate design, no PQ, present aerospace processes. The acceptance test cell voltage and cell pressure performance and capacity test results are included.

Swiss (German) Version of the Actinic Keratosis Quality of Life questionnaire.

PubMed

Meier, Larissa S; Schubert, Maria; Göksu, Yasemin; Esmann, Solveig; Vinding, Gabrielle R; Jemec, Gregor B E; Hofbauer, Günther F L

2018-04-18

Actinic keratosis (AK) is a sun-induced skin lesion that may progress to invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Recently, the Actinic Keratosis Quality of Life questionnaire (AKQoL) was designed for patients with AK in Denmark as a specific quality of life instrument for AK patients. The objective of this study was to adapt the AKQoL for the German language region of Switzerland and to evaluate its psychometric properties (validity, reliability). Translation and cultural adaptation of the questionnaire were assessed by using the technique of cognitive interviewing. During the translation process, 34 patients with AK from the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, were interviewed in 3 sessions of cognitive interviewing. The translated questionnaire was then distributed together with the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) to a second group of 113 patients for validation and reliability testing. Within this group, we measured the internal consistency by the Cronbach coefficient α and Spearman correlation coefficient between the AKQoL and the DLQI. The problems encountered during the translation process led to changes in 5 categories as described by Epstein: stylistic changes, change in breadth, change in actual meaning, change in frequency and time frame, change in intensity. We found a Cronbach α of 0.82, an acceptable internal consistency. The Spearman correlation coefficient between total scores of AKQoL and DLQI was 0.57. We culturally adapted and validated a Swiss (German) version of the AKQoL questionnaire applicable for the population of a university center in Switzerland to measure and monitor the quality of life in patients with AK. © 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel.

78 FR 12050 - Juneau Hydropower, Inc.; Notice of Successive Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-21

...-diameter stream diversion tunnel that would be converted to reservoir outlet works after project... afterbay to an outlet structure on a tributary to Sweetheart Creek; and an existing tributary stream... Mitchell, Business Manager, Juneau Hydropower, Inc. P.O. Box 22775, Juneau, AK 99802; email: duff.mitchell...

78 FR 2990 - Juneau Hydropower, Inc.; Notice of Successive Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-15

...-diameter stream diversion tunnel that would be converted to reservoir outlet works after project... afterbay to an outlet structure on a tributary to Sweetheart Creek; and an existing tributary stream... Mitchell, Business Manager, Juneau Hydropower, Inc. P.O. Box 22775, Juneau, AK 99802; email: duff.mitchell...

Use of reflectance confocal microscopy to evaluate 5-fluorouracil 0.5%/salicylic acid 10% in the field-directed treatment of subclinical lesions of actinic keratosis: subanalysis of a Phase III, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial.

PubMed

Ulrich, M; Reinhold, U; Falqués, M; Rodriguez Azeredo, R; Stockfleth, E

2018-03-01

Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common skin disorder that can progress to invasive squamous-cell carcinoma. AK can present as clinical (visible) or subclinical (invisible) lesions within areas of chronic sun damage. The importance of treating subclinical AK is gaining support. We present a subanalysis of a previously published Phase III, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study (NCT02289768), to assess 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 0.5%/salicylic acid 10% treatment of subclinical AK lesions, based on reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM). To determine the efficacy of 5-FU 0.5%/salicylic acid 10% as field-directed treatment for subclinical AK lesions using RCM. For inclusion in this subanalysis, patients had to have at least three subclinical AK lesions within a 25 cm 2 area of skin. Subclinical AK lesions were diagnosed according to the presence of three key RCM criteria: architectural disarray; keratinocyte atypia and pleomorphism at the basal, spinous and granular layer. Subclinical AK lesions were evaluated by RCM at baseline, after 4, 6 and 12 weeks of 5-FU 0.5%/salicylic acid 10% treatment or vehicle, and 8 weeks following the end of treatment. Twenty-seven patients were included: 17 [mean age = 72.2 years, standard deviation (SD) = 6.3] received 5-FU 0.5%/salicylic acid 10% treatment and 10 (mean age = 76.4 years, SD = 3.9) received vehicle. Eight weeks following the end of treatment, the mean number of subclinical lesions declined (from 3.0 at baseline) to 0.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.06-0.57) for the 5-FU 0.5%/salicylic acid 10% group and 1.6 (95% CI 0.52-2.68) in the vehicle group (reductions of 90% [95% CI 72.1-107.1] vs. 47% [95% CI 24.8-69.5], respectively; P = 0.005). The proportion of patients receiving 5-FU 0.5%/salicylic acid 10% showing complete clearance of three preselected subclinical AK lesions was numerically greater than in the vehicle group (69% vs. 40%, respectively; P = 0.183). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first randomized, vehicle-controlled study investigating 5-FU 0.5%/salicylic acid 10% treatment for subclinical AK lesions. The present data suggest some treatment efficacy for subclinical AK lesions detected using RCM. However, this subanalysis was not sufficiently powered and should be reproduced in a larger, subsequent cohort. © 2017 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.

What Can Be Learned from a Comparison of Two Agricultural Knowledge Systems? The Case of the Netherlands and Israel.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blum, Abraham

1991-01-01

Compared the agricultural knowledge systems (AKS) of the Netherlands and Israel; analyzed the features that made the systems effective and applicable to other countries. The analysis discovered eight elements that explain the success of these AKSs and demonstrated the value of comparative case studies. (JOW)

78 FR 61984 - Copper Valley Electric Association, Inc.; Notice of Application To Amend License and Accepted for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-09

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13124-005] Copper Valley...: Amendment to License. b. Project No: 13124-005. c. Date Filed: September 27, 2013. d. Applicant: Copper..., Copper Valley Electric Association, Inc., P.O. Box 45, Mile 187 Glenn Highway, Glennallen, AK 99588, (907...

76 FR 20969 - City and Borough of Sitka, AK; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Ready for Environmental...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-14

... megawatt (MW) turbine-generator units near the existing powerhouse. Additionally, the Fish Valve Unit would be replaced with a new 1 MW turbine-generator unit and the 870 kilowatt Pulp Mill Feeder Unit would... new water intake in the reservoir 109 feet above the existing intake. The higher maximum reservoir...

ASK ME--A Merit Promotion System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Michael L.; McCloskey, Kenneth R.

1978-01-01

Describes a procedure developed at the Red River Army Depot, Texarkana, Texas, for selecting and evaluating personnel called AKS ME (Ability, Skill and Knowledge Merit Evaluation), consisting of four basic steps: job analysis, examination plan, candidate evaluation, and validation. (MF)

Analysis of Loss-of-Function Mutants in Aspartate Kinase and Homoserine Dehydrogenase Genes Points to Complexity in the Regulation of Aspartate-Derived Amino Acid Contents1[OPEN

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

Biosynthesis of aspartate (Asp)-derived amino acids lysine (Lys), methionine (Met), threonine (Thr), and isoleucine involves monofunctional Asp kinases (AKs) and dual-functional Asp kinase-homoserine dehydrogenases (AK-HSDHs). Four-week-old loss-of-function Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants in the AK-HSDH2 gene had increased amounts of Asp and Asp-derived amino acids, especially Thr, in leaves. To explore mechanisms behind this phenotype, we obtained single mutants for other AK and AK-HSDH genes, generated double mutants from ak-hsdh2 and ak mutants, and performed free and protein-bound amino acid profiling, transcript abundance, and activity assays. The increases of Asp, Lys, and Met in ak-hsdh2 were also observed in ak1-1, ak2-1, ak3-1, and ak-hsdh1-1. However, the Thr increase in ak-hsdh2 was observed in ak-hsdh1-1 but not in ak1-1, ak2-1, or ak3-1. Activity assays showed that AK2 and AK-HSDH1 are the major contributors to overall AK and HSDH activities, respectively. Pairwise correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between the amount of AK transcripts and Lys-sensitive AK activity and between the amount of AK-HSDH transcripts and both Thr-sensitive AK activity and total HSDH activity. In addition, the ratio of total AK activity to total HSDH activity negatively correlates with the ratio of Lys to the total amount of Met, Thr, and isoleucine. These data led to the hypothesis that the balance between Lys-sensitive AKs and Thr-sensitive AK-HSDHs is important for maintaining the amounts and ratios of Asp-derived amino acids. PMID:26063505

COSEE-AK Ocean Science Fairs: A Science Fair Model That Grounds Student Projects in Both Western Science and Traditional Native Knowledge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dublin, Robin; Sigman, Marilyn; Anderson, Andrea; Barnhardt, Ray; Topkok, Sean Asiqluq

2014-01-01

We have developed the traditional science fair format into an ocean science fair model that promoted the integration of Western science and Alaska Native traditional knowledge in student projects focused on the ocean, aquatic environments, and climate change. The typical science fair judging criteria for the validity and presentation of the…

Performance of the high-resolution atmospheric model HRRR-AK for correcting geodetic observations from spaceborne radars

PubMed Central

Gong, W; Meyer, F J; Webley, P; Morton, D

2013-01-01

[1] Atmospheric phase delays are considered to be one of the main performance limitations for high-quality satellite radar techniques, especially when applied to ground deformation monitoring. Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are widely seen as a promising tool for the mitigation of atmospheric delays as they can provide knowledge of the atmospheric conditions at the time of Synthetic Aperture Radar data acquisition. However, a thorough statistical analysis of the performance of using NWP production in radar signal correction is missing to date. This study provides a quantitative analysis of the accuracy in using operational NWP products for signal delay correction in satellite radar geodetic remote sensing. The study focuses on the temperate, subarctic, and Arctic climate regions due to a prevalence of relevant geophysical signals in these areas. In this study, the operational High Resolution Rapid Refresh over the Alaska region (HRRR-AK) model is used and evaluated. Five test sites were selected over Alaska (AK), USA, covering a wide range of climatic regimes that are commonly encountered in high-latitude regions. The performance of the HRRR-AK NWP model for correcting absolute atmospheric range delays of radar signals is assessed by comparing to radiosonde observations. The average estimation accuracy for the one-way zenith total atmospheric delay from 24 h simulations was calculated to be better than ∼14 mm. This suggests that the HRRR-AK operational products are a good data source for spaceborne geodetic radar observations atmospheric delay correction, if the geophysical signal to be observed is larger than 20 mm. PMID:25973360

Percent body fat estimations in college women using field and laboratory methods: a three-compartment model approach

PubMed Central

Moon, Jordan R; Hull, Holly R; Tobkin, Sarah E; Teramoto, Masaru; Karabulut, Murat; Roberts, Michael D; Ryan, Eric D; Kim, So Jung; Dalbo, Vincent J; Walter, Ashley A; Smith, Abbie T; Cramer, Joel T; Stout, Jeffrey R

2007-01-01

Background Methods used to estimate percent body fat can be classified as a laboratory or field technique. However, the validity of these methods compared to multiple-compartment models has not been fully established. This investigation sought to determine the validity of field and laboratory methods for estimating percent fat (%fat) in healthy college-age women compared to the Siri three-compartment model (3C). Methods Thirty Caucasian women (21.1 ± 1.5 yrs; 164.8 ± 4.7 cm; 61.2 ± 6.8 kg) had their %fat estimated by BIA using the BodyGram™ computer program (BIA-AK) and population-specific equation (BIA-Lohman), NIR (Futrex® 6100/XL), a quadratic (SF3JPW) and linear (SF3WB) skinfold equation, air-displacement plethysmography (BP), and hydrostatic weighing (HW). Results All methods produced acceptable total error (TE) values compared to the 3C model. Both laboratory methods produced similar TE values (HW, TE = 2.4%fat; BP, TE = 2.3%fat) when compared to the 3C model, though a significant constant error (CE) was detected for HW (1.5%fat, p ≤ 0.006). The field methods produced acceptable TE values ranging from 1.8 – 3.8 %fat. BIA-AK (TE = 1.8%fat) yielded the lowest TE among the field methods, while BIA-Lohman (TE = 2.1%fat) and NIR (TE = 2.7%fat) produced lower TE values than both skinfold equations (TE > 2.7%fat) compared to the 3C model. Additionally, the SF3JPW %fat estimation equation resulted in a significant CE (2.6%fat, p ≤ 0.007). Conclusion Data suggest that the BP and HW are valid laboratory methods when compared to the 3C model to estimate %fat in college-age Caucasian women. When the use of a laboratory method is not feasible, NIR, BIA-AK, BIA-Lohman, SF3JPW, and SF3WB are acceptable field methods to estimate %fat in this population. PMID:17988393

iAK692: A genome-scale metabolic model of Spirulina platensis C1

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis is a well-known filamentous cyanobacterium used in the production of many industrial products, including high value compounds, healthy food supplements, animal feeds, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, for example. It has been increasingly studied around the world for scientific purposes, especially for its genome, biology, physiology, and also for the analysis of its small-scale metabolic network. However, the overall description of the metabolic and biotechnological capabilities of S. platensis requires the development of a whole cellular metabolism model. Recently, the S. platensis C1 (Arthrospira sp. PCC9438) genome sequence has become available, allowing systems-level studies of this commercial cyanobacterium. Results In this work, we present the genome-scale metabolic network analysis of S. platensis C1, iAK692, its topological properties, and its metabolic capabilities and functions. The network was reconstructed from the S. platensis C1 annotated genomic sequence using Pathway Tools software to generate a preliminary network. Then, manual curation was performed based on a collective knowledge base and a combination of genomic, biochemical, and physiological information. The genome-scale metabolic model consists of 692 genes, 837 metabolites, and 875 reactions. We validated iAK692 by conducting fermentation experiments and simulating the model under autotrophic, heterotrophic, and mixotrophic growth conditions using COBRA toolbox. The model predictions under these growth conditions were consistent with the experimental results. The iAK692 model was further used to predict the unique active reactions and essential genes for each growth condition. Additionally, the metabolic states of iAK692 during autotrophic and mixotrophic growths were described by phenotypic phase plane (PhPP) analysis. Conclusions This study proposes the first genome-scale model of S. platensis C1, iAK692, which is a predictive metabolic platform for a global understanding of physiological behaviors and metabolic engineering. This platform could accelerate the integrative analysis of various “-omics” data, leading to strain improvement towards a diverse range of desired industrial products from Spirulina. PMID:22703714

iAK692: a genome-scale metabolic model of Spirulina platensis C1.

PubMed

Klanchui, Amornpan; Khannapho, Chiraphan; Phodee, Atchara; Cheevadhanarak, Supapon; Meechai, Asawin

2012-06-15

Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis is a well-known filamentous cyanobacterium used in the production of many industrial products, including high value compounds, healthy food supplements, animal feeds, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, for example. It has been increasingly studied around the world for scientific purposes, especially for its genome, biology, physiology, and also for the analysis of its small-scale metabolic network. However, the overall description of the metabolic and biotechnological capabilities of S. platensis requires the development of a whole cellular metabolism model. Recently, the S. platensis C1 (Arthrospira sp. PCC9438) genome sequence has become available, allowing systems-level studies of this commercial cyanobacterium. In this work, we present the genome-scale metabolic network analysis of S. platensis C1, iAK692, its topological properties, and its metabolic capabilities and functions. The network was reconstructed from the S. platensis C1 annotated genomic sequence using Pathway Tools software to generate a preliminary network. Then, manual curation was performed based on a collective knowledge base and a combination of genomic, biochemical, and physiological information. The genome-scale metabolic model consists of 692 genes, 837 metabolites, and 875 reactions. We validated iAK692 by conducting fermentation experiments and simulating the model under autotrophic, heterotrophic, and mixotrophic growth conditions using COBRA toolbox. The model predictions under these growth conditions were consistent with the experimental results. The iAK692 model was further used to predict the unique active reactions and essential genes for each growth condition. Additionally, the metabolic states of iAK692 during autotrophic and mixotrophic growths were described by phenotypic phase plane (PhPP) analysis. This study proposes the first genome-scale model of S. platensis C1, iAK692, which is a predictive metabolic platform for a global understanding of physiological behaviors and metabolic engineering. This platform could accelerate the integrative analysis of various "-omics" data, leading to strain improvement towards a diverse range of desired industrial products from Spirulina.

Evidence- and consensus-based (S3) Guidelines for the Treatment of Actinic Keratosis - International League of Dermatological Societies in cooperation with the European Dermatology Forum - Short version.

PubMed

Werner, R N; Stockfleth, E; Connolly, S M; Correia, O; Erdmann, R; Foley, P; Gupta, A K; Jacobs, A; Kerl, H; Lim, H W; Martin, G; Paquet, M; Pariser, D M; Rosumeck, S; Röwert-Huber, H-J; Sahota, A; Sangueza, O P; Shumack, S; Sporbeck, B; Swanson, N A; Torezan, L; Nast, A

2015-11-01

Actinic keratosis (AK) is a frequent health condition attributable to chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Several treatment options are available and evidence based guidelines are missing. The goal of these evidence- and consensus-based guidelines was the development of treatment recommendations appropriate for different subgroups of patients presenting with AK. A secondary aim of these guidelines was the implementation of knowledge relating to the clinical background of AK, including consensus-based recommendations for the histopathological definition, diagnosis and the assessment of patients. The guidelines development followed a pre-defined and structured process. For the underlying systematic literature review of interventions for AK, the methodology suggested by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology was adapted. All recommendations were consented during a consensus conference using a formal consensus methodology. Strength of recommendations was expressed based on the GRADE approach. If expert opinion without external evidence was incorporated into the reasoning for making a certain recommendation, the rationale was provided. The Guidelines underwent open public review and approval by the commissioning societies. Various interventions for the treatment of AK have been assessed for their efficacy. The consenting procedure led to a treatment algorithm as shown in the guidelines document. Based on expert consensus, the present guidelines present recommendations on the classification of patients, diagnosis and histopathological definition of AK. Details on the methods and results of the systematic literature review and guideline development process have been published separately. International guidelines are intended to be adapted to national or regional circumstances (regulatory approval, availability and reimbursement of treatments). © 2015 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.

A Novel Actinic Keratosis Field Assessment Scale for Grading Actinic Keratosis Disease Severity.

PubMed

Dréno, Brigitte; Cerio, Rino; Dirschka, Thomas; Nart, Ignasi Figueras; Lear, John T; Peris, Ketty; de Casas, Andrés Ruiz; Kaleci, Shaniko; Pellacani, Giovanni

2017-10-02

Actinic keratosis (AK) lesions are surrounded by field cancerization (areas of subclinical, non-visible sun damage). Existing AK grading tools rely on AK counts, which are not reproducible. An Actinic Keratosis Field Assessment Scale (AK-FAS) for grading the severity of AK/field was developed. Standardized photographs of patients representing the full range of AK severity were collected. Six investigators independently rated each photograph according to 3 criteria: AK area (total skin area affected by AK lesions), hyperkeratosis and sun damage. Inter-rater reproducibility was good for all 3 criteria. Validation of the AK-FAS showed good reproducibility for AK area and hyperkeratosis, even for dermatologists untrained on use of the scale. In conclusion, the AK-FAS is objective, easy to use and implement, and reproducible. It incorporates assessment of the entire field affected by AK instead of relying on lesion counts. Use of the AK-FAS may standardize AK diagnosis, making it relevant to routine clinical practice.

Solid-state dosimeters: A new approach for mammography measurements

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Brateman, Libby F., E-mail: bratel@radiology.ufl.edu; Heintz, Philip H.

2015-02-15

Purpose: To compare responses of modern commercially available solid-state dosimeters (SStDs) used in mammography medical physics surveys for two major vendors of current digital mammography units. To compare differences in dose estimates among SStD responses with ionization chamber (IC) measurements for several target/filter (TF) combinations and report their characteristics. To review scientific bases for measurements of quantities required for mammography for traditional measurement procedures and SStDs. Methods: SStDs designed for use with modern digital mammography units were acquired for evaluation from four manufacturers. Each instrument was evaluated under similar conditions with the available mammography beams provided by two modern full-fieldmore » digital mammography units in clinical use: a GE Healthcare Senographe Essential (Essential) and a Hologic Selenia Dimensions 5000 (Dimensions), with TFs of Mo/Mo, Mo/Rh; and Rh/Rh and W/Rh, W/Ag, and W/Al, respectively. Measurements were compared among the instruments for the TFs over their respective clinical ranges of peak tube potentials for kVp and half-value layer (HVL) measurements. Comparisons for air kerma (AK) and their associated relative calculated average glandular doses (AGDs), i.e., using fixed mAs, were evaluated over the limited range of 28–30 kVp. Measurements were compared with reference IC measurements for AK, reference HVLs and calculated AGD, for two compression paddle heights for AK, to evaluate scatter effects from compression paddles. SStDs may require different positioning from current mammography measurement protocols. Results: Measurements of kVp were accurate in general for the SStDs (within −1.2 and +1.1 kVp) for all instruments over a wide range of set kVp’s and TFs and most accurate for Mo/Mo and W/Rh. Discrepancies between measurements and reference values were greater for HVL and AK. Measured HVL values differed from reference values by −6.5% to +3.5% depending on the SStD and TF. AK measurements over limited (28–30) kVp’s ranged from −6% to +7% for SStDs, compared with IC reference values. Relative AGDs for each SStD using its associated measurements of kVp, HVL and AK underestimated AGD in nearly all cases, compared with reference IC values, with discrepancies of <−1% to ∼−10%. Some differences in AGD were related to differences in contributions of compression paddle scatter to AK measurements made by ICs. Applying measured factors for scatter effects in AK measurements for three SStDs reduced discrepancies between −6.2% and +1.3%, shifting AGDs from SStDs closer to IC AGDs. Conclusions: This study revealed that SStD measurements yielded good agreement with set kVp, poor agreement with standard HVL determinations, and AK measurements that were substantially different from IC measurements. Discrepancies are partly related to the scattered radiation measured by ICs in determining AK. As a result, IC measurements required for AGD, using currently accepted methodology, typically result in higher AGDs than SStDs, because current methodologies do not account for differing instrument responses to scatter. HVLs reported by SStDs contribute to discrepancies in calculated AGD that depend on kVp and TF. Medical physicists are encouraged to compare their results for SStD instruments using a similar methodology for potential discrepancies with their traditional instruments.« less

Purification, cloning, and immunological characterization of arginine kinase, a novel allergen of Octopus fangsiao.

PubMed

Shen, Hai-Wang; Cao, Min-Jie; Cai, Qiu-Feng; Ruan, Mi-Mi; Mao, Hai-Yan; Su, Wen-Jin; Liu, Guang-Ming

2012-03-07

Arginine kinase (AK) is an important enzyme participating in energy metabolism in invertebrates, but, to date, there have been no reports that AK from octopus is an allergen. In this study, octopus AK was purified, and its molecular biological, immunological, and physicochemical characterizations were analyzed. The results showed that octopus AK was purified and confirmed by mass spectrometry for the first time, and its molecular mass was 38 kDa. The full-length gene sequence of octopus AK encompassed 1209 bp and was predicted to encode a protein with 348 amino acid residues. The homology of octopus AK and crustacean AK was about 54%, but the similarity between their three-dimensional structures was high. Octopus AK could react with mouse anti-shrimp AK and rabbit anti-crab AK polyclonal antibody singly. Octopus AK could also react with specific IgE of the sera from octopus-allergic patients effectively, whereas crab AK could inhibit the reaction between them. Finally, the IgE-binding activity of octopus AK could be reduced in the processes of thermal or acid-alkali treatment. In summary, AK was identified as a novel allergen in octopus, which had a sensitizing ability similar to that of crustacean AK. This is significant in allergy diagnosis and the treatment of octopus-allergic disorders.

Purification, cloning, expression and immunological analysis of Scylla serrata arginine kinase, the crab allergen.

PubMed

Shen, Yuan; Cao, Min-Jie; Cai, Qiu-Feng; Su, Wen-Jin; Yu, Hui-Lin; Ruan, Wei-Wei; Liu, Guang-Ming

2011-05-01

Although crustaceans have been reported to be one of the most common causes of IgE-mediated allergic reactions, there are no reports about the characterization and identification of arginine kinase (AK) from the mud crab (Scylla serrata) as allergen. In the present study, the purification, molecular cloning, expression and immunological analyses of the IgE allergen AK from the mud crab were investigated. The results showed that cloned DNA fragments of AK from the mud crab had open reading frames of 1021 bp, predicted to encode proteins with 356 amino acid residues. Sequence alignment revealed that mud crab AK shares high homology with other crustacean species. Mud crab AK gene was further recombined with the vector of pGEX-4T-3 and expressed in Escherichia coli BL 21. 2-D electrophoresis suggested that native AK (nAK) and recombinant AK (rAK) shared the same molecular weight of 40 kDa, and the pI is 6.5 and 6.3, respectively. The nAK and rAK were further confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Immunoblotting analysis and colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) using sera from subjects with crustacean allergy confirmed that the nAK and rAK reacted positively with these sera, indicating AK is a specific allergen of mud crab. Both of purified nAK and rAK reacted positively with sera from subjects with crustacean allergy in immunoblotting and GICA analysis, indicating AK is a common allergen of mud crab. In vitro expressed AK is proposed as a source of the protein for immunological or clinical studies. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry.

In Vitro inhibitory activity of Alpinia katsumadai extracts against influenza virus infection and hemagglutination

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Background Alpinia katsumadai (AK) extracts and fractions were tested for in vitro antiviral activities against influenza virus type A, specially human A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and avian A/Chicken/Korea/MS96/96 (H9N2), by means of time-of-addition experiments; pre-treatment, simultaneous treatment, and post treatment. Results In pre-treatment assay, the AK extracts and AK fractions did not show significant antiviral activity. During the simultaneous treatment assay, one AK extract and five AK fractions designated as AK-1 to AK-3, AK-5, AK-10, and AK-11 showed complete inhibition of virus infectivity against A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and A/Chicken/Korea/MS96/96 (H9N2). The 50% effective inhibitory concentrations (EC50) of these one AK extracts and five AK fractions with exception of the AK-9 were from 0.8 ± 1.4 to 16.4 ± 4.5 μg/mL against A/PR/8/34 (H1N1). The two AK extracts and three AK fractions had EC50 values ranging from <0.39 ± 0.4 to 2.3 ± 3.6 μg/mL against A/Chicken/Korea/MS96/96 (H9N2). By the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay, the two AK extracts and five AK fractions completely inhibited viral adsorption onto chicken RBCs at less than 100 μg/mL against both A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and A/Chicken/Korea/MS96/96 (H9N2). Interestingly, only AK-3 was found with inhibition for both viral attachment and viral replication after showing extended antiviral activity during the post treatment assay and quantitative real-time PCR. Conclusions These results suggest that AK extracts and fractions had strong anti-influenza virus activity that can inhibit viral attachment and/or viral replication, and may be used as viral prophylaxis. PMID:21062499

Radioactive Waste Characterization Strategies; Comparisons Between AK/PK, Dose to Curie Modeling, Gamma Spectroscopy, and Laboratory Analysis Methods- 12194

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Singledecker, Steven J.; Jones, Scotty W.; Dorries, Alison M.

2012-07-01

In the coming fiscal years of potentially declining budgets, Department of Energy facilities such as the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) will be looking to reduce the cost of radioactive waste characterization, management, and disposal processes. At the core of this cost reduction process will be choosing the most cost effective, efficient, and accurate methods of radioactive waste characterization. Central to every radioactive waste management program is an effective and accurate waste characterization program. Choosing between methods can determine what is classified as low level radioactive waste (LLRW), transuranic waste (TRU), waste that can be disposed of under an Authorizedmore » Release Limit (ARL), industrial waste, and waste that can be disposed of in municipal landfills. The cost benefits of an accurate radioactive waste characterization program cannot be overstated. In addition, inaccurate radioactive waste characterization of radioactive waste can result in the incorrect classification of radioactive waste leading to higher disposal costs, Department of Transportation (DOT) violations, Notice of Violations (NOVs) from Federal and State regulatory agencies, waste rejection from disposal facilities, loss of operational capabilities, and loss of disposal options. Any one of these events could result in the program that mischaracterized the waste losing its ability to perform it primary operational mission. Generators that produce radioactive waste have four characterization strategies at their disposal: - Acceptable Knowledge/Process Knowledge (AK/PK); - Indirect characterization using a software application or other dose to curie methodologies; - Non-Destructive Analysis (NDA) tools such as gamma spectroscopy; - Direct sampling (e.g. grab samples or Surface Contaminated Object smears) and laboratory analytical; Each method has specific advantages and disadvantages. This paper will evaluate each method detailing those advantages and disadvantages including; - Cost benefit analysis (basic materials costs, overall program operations costs, man-hours per sample analyzed, etc.); - Radiation Exposure As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) program considerations; - Industrial Health and Safety risks; - Overall Analytical Confidence Level. The concepts in this paper apply to any organization with significant radioactive waste characterization and management activities working to within budget constraints and seeking to optimize their waste characterization strategies while reducing analytical costs. (authors)« less

75 FR 32652 - Revocation and Establishment of Class E Airspace; Nuiqsut, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-09

...-0502; Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-15] Revocation and Establishment of Class E Airspace; Nuiqsut, AK... establishes Class E airspace on the north slope of Alaska near Nuiqsut, AK, to provide controlled airspace to..., Pioneer Heliport (AA27), Nuiqsut, AK, and Oooguruk Island Heliport (AK32), Nuiqsut, AK, both formerly...

Characterization of four arginine kinases in the ciliate Paramecium tetraurelia: Investigation on the substrate inhibition mechanism.

PubMed

Yano, Daichi; Suzuki, Takaya; Hirokawa, Saki; Fuke, Kyoko; Suzuki, Tomohiko

2017-08-01

The ciliate Paramecium tetraurelia contains four arginine kinase genes (AK1-4). We detected cDNA for only three of the AKs (AK1-3) via PCR. Recombinant AK1-4 were expressed in Escherichia coli and their kinetics parameters determined. AK3 showed typical substrate inhibition toward arginine, and enzymatic activity markedly decreased when arginine concentration increased. This is the first example of substrate inhibition in wild-type phosphagen kinases. To explore the substrate inhibition mechanism, site-directed mutations were generated, targeting the amino acid sequence D-D-S-Q-V at positions 77-81 in P. tetraurelia AK3. Among the mutants, substrate inhibition was lost remarkably in the S79A mutant. In spite of high amino acid sequence identity (91%) between P. tetraurelia AK3 and AK4, the enzymatic activity of AK4 was less by 3% than that of AK3. We noticed that the conservative G298 was unusually replaced by R in P. tetraurelia AK4, and we constructed two mutants, R298G/AK4 and G298R/AK3. Enzymatic activity of the former mutant was comparable with that of the wild-type AK3, whereas that of the latter mutant was dramatically reduced. Thus, we concluded that the significantly low activity of P. tetraurelia AK4 is due to the residue R298. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

46 CFR 7.170 - Alaska Peninsula, AK to Aleutian Islands, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Alaska Peninsula, AK to Aleutian Islands, AK. 7.170 Section 7.170 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.170 Alaska Peninsula, AK to Aleutian Islands, AK. (a) A line drawn from the...

46 CFR 7.165 - Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK. 7.165 Section 7.165 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.165 Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK. (a) A line drawn from the...

46 CFR 7.175 - Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK. 7.175 Section 7.175 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.175 Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK. (a) A line drawn from the northernmost extremity of...

46 CFR 7.160 - Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK. 7.160 Section 7.160 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.160 Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK. (a) A line drawn from the southernmost...

46 CFR 7.160 - Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK. 7.160 Section 7.160 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.160 Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK. (a) A line drawn from the southernmost...

46 CFR 7.175 - Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK. 7.175 Section 7.175 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.175 Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK. (a) A line drawn from the northernmost extremity of...

46 CFR 7.175 - Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK. 7.175 Section 7.175 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.175 Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK. (a) A line drawn from the northernmost extremity of...

46 CFR 7.170 - Alaska Peninsula, AK to Aleutian Islands, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Alaska Peninsula, AK to Aleutian Islands, AK. 7.170 Section 7.170 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.170 Alaska Peninsula, AK to Aleutian Islands, AK. (a) A line drawn from the...

46 CFR 7.160 - Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK. 7.160 Section 7.160 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.160 Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK. (a) A line drawn from the southernmost...

46 CFR 7.175 - Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK. 7.175 Section 7.175 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.175 Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK. (a) A line drawn from the northernmost extremity of...

46 CFR 7.160 - Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK. 7.160 Section 7.160 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.160 Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK. (a) A line drawn from the southernmost...

46 CFR 7.160 - Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK. 7.160 Section 7.160 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.160 Point Whitshed, AK to Aialik Cape, AK. (a) A line drawn from the southernmost...

46 CFR 7.165 - Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK. 7.165 Section 7.165 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.165 Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK. (a) A line drawn from the...

46 CFR 7.175 - Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK. 7.175 Section 7.175 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.175 Alaska Peninsula, AK to Nunivak, AK. (a) A line drawn from the northernmost extremity of...

46 CFR 7.165 - Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK. 7.165 Section 7.165 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.165 Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK. (a) A line drawn from the...

46 CFR 7.165 - Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK. 7.165 Section 7.165 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.165 Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK. (a) A line drawn from the...

46 CFR 7.165 - Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK. 7.165 Section 7.165 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.165 Kenai Peninsula, AK to Kodiak Island, AK. (a) A line drawn from the...

46 CFR 7.170 - Alaska Peninsula, AK to Aleutian Islands, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Alaska Peninsula, AK to Aleutian Islands, AK. 7.170 Section 7.170 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.170 Alaska Peninsula, AK to Aleutian Islands, AK. (a) A line drawn from the...

76 FR 54148 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Emmonak, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-31

... AK E5 Emmonak, AK [Revised] Emmonak Airport, AK (Lat. 62[deg]47'10'' N., long. 164[deg]29'27'' W...-0880 Airspace Docket No. 11-AAL-17] Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Emmonak, AK AGENCY: Federal... proposes to revise Class E airspace at Emmonak, AK. The amendment of two standard instrument approach...

76 FR 75447 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Emmonak, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-02

.... * * * * * AAL AK E5 Emmonak, AK [Modified] Emmonak Airport, AK (Lat. 62[deg]47'10'' N., long. 164[deg]29'27'' W...-0880; Airspace Docket No. 11-AAL-17] Amendment of Class E Airspace; Emmonak, AK AGENCY: Federal... Emmonak, AK. The revision of two standard instrument approach procedures at the Emmonak Airport has made...

Waste Generation Overview, Course 23263

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Simpson, Lewis Edward

This course, Waste Generation Overview Live (COURSE 23263), provides an overview of federal and state waste management regulations, as well as Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) policies and procedures for waste management operations. The course covers the activities involved in the cradle-to-grave waste management process and focuses on waste characterization, waste compatibility determinations and classification, and the storage requirements for temporary waste accumulation areas at LANL. When you have completed this course, you will be able to recognize federal, state, and LANL environmental requirements and their impact on waste operations; recognize the importance of the cradle-to-grave waste management process; identifymore » the roles and responsibilities of key LANL waste management personnel (e.g., Waste Generator, Waste Management Coordinator, Waste Stream Profile approver, and Waste Certification Official); characterize a waste stream to determine whether it meets the definition of a hazardous waste, as well as characterize the use and minimum requirements for use of acceptable knowledge (AK) for waste characterization and waste compatibility documentation requirements; and identify the requirements for setting up and managing temporary waste accumulation areas.« less

Acanthamoeba genotypes T3 and T4 as causative agents of amoebic keratitis in Mexico.

PubMed

Omaña-Molina, Maritza; Vanzzini-Zago, Virginia; Hernandez-Martinez, Dolores; Gonzalez-Robles, Arturo; Salazar-Villatoro, Lizbeth; Ramirez-Flores, Elizabeth; Oregon-Miranda, Eric; Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob; Martinez-Palomo, Adolfo

2016-02-01

Free-living amoebae (FLA) are widely distributed worldwide. Some genera included in this group act as opportunistic pathogens causing fatal encephalitis and Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK), a sight-threatening infection of the cornea associated with the use of soft contact lenses that could even end in blindness if an early diagnosis and treatment are not achieved. Furthermore, the numbers of AK cases keep rising worldwide mainly due to an increase of contact lens wearers and lack of hygiene in the maintenance of lenses and their cases. In Mexico, no cases of AK have been described so far although the isolation of other pathogenic FLA such as Naegleria fowleri and Balamuthia mandrillaris from both clinical and environmental sources has been reported. The present study reports two cases of Acanthamoeba keratitis diagnosed in two patients admitted to the Hospital "Luis Sánchez Bulnes" for Blindness Prevention in Mexico City, Mexico. Corneal scrapes and contact lenses were checked for the presence of Acanthamoeba strains in both patients. Strains were axenized after initial isolation to classify at the genotype level. After sequencing the diagnostic fragment 3 (DF3) region located on the 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene of Acanthamoeba, genotype T3 and genotype T4 were identified in clinical case 1 and 2, respectively. To our knowledge, these are the first reported cases of AK in Mexico in the literature and the first description of Acanthamoeba genotypes T3 and T4 as causative agents of amoebic infection.

OPERATING THE WAND AND HERCULES PROTOTYPE SYSTEMS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

K. GRUETZMACHER; ET AL

2001-01-01

Two prototype systems for low-density Green is Clean (GIC) waste at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) have been in operation for three years at the Solid Waste Operation's (SWOs) non-destructive assay (NDA) building. The Waste Assay for Nonradioactive Disposal (WAND) and the High Efficiency Radiation Counters for Ultimate Low Emission Sensitivity (HERCULES) are used to verify the waste generator's acceptable knowledge (AK) that low-density waste is nonradioactive. GIC waste includes all non-regulated waste generated in radiological controlled areas (RCAs) that has been actively segregated as ''clean'' (i.e., nonradioactive) through the use of waste generator AK. GIC waste that is verifiedmore » clean can be disposed of at the Los Alamos County Landfill. It is estimated that 50-90% of the low-density room trash from RCAs at LANL might be free of contamination. To date, with pilot programs at five facilities at LANL, 3000 cubic feet of GIC waste has been verified clean by these two prototype systems. Both the WAND and HERCULES systems are highly sensitive measurement systems optimized to detect very small quantities of common LANL radionuclides. Both of the systems use a set of phoswich scintillation detectors in close proximity to the waste, which have the capability of detecting plutonium-239 concentrations below 3 pCi per gram of low density waste. Both systems detect low-energy x-rays and a broad range of gamma rays (10-2000 keV), while the WAND system also detects high energy beta particles (>100 keV). The WAND system consists of a bank of six shielded detectors which screen low density shredded waste or stacked sheets of paper moving under the detectors in a twelve inch swath on a conveyor belt. The WAND system was developed and tested at the Los Alamos Plutonium Facility in conjunction with instrument system designers from the Los Alamos Safeguards Science and Technology group. The HERCULES system consists of a bank of three shielded detectors which screen low-density waste in two cubic foot cardboard boxes or in bags sitting on a turntable. Waste that does not pass the verification process can be examined within the facility to determine the type and quantity of the contamination and its origin within a waste container. The paper discusses lessons learned that have helped generators improve their AK segregation.« less

Treatability Variance for Containerised Liquids in Mixed Debris Waste - 12101

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Alstatt, Catherine M.

2012-07-01

The TRU Waste Processing Center (TWPC) is a Department of Energy facility whose mission is to receive and process for appropriate disposal legacy Contact Handled (CH) and Remote Handled (RH) waste, including debris waste stored at various DOE Oak Ridge facilities. Acceptable Knowledge (AK) prepared for the waste characterizes the waste as mixed waste, meaning it is both radioactive and regulated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The AK also indicates that a number of the debris waste packages contain small amounts of containerised liquids. The documentation indicates liquid wastes generated in routine lab operations were typically collectedmore » for potential recovery of valuable isotopes. However, during activities associated with decontamination and decommissioning (D and D), some containers with small amounts of liquids were placed into the waste containers with debris waste. Many of these containers now hold from 2.5 milliliters (ml) to 237 ml of liquid; a few contain larger volumes. At least some of these containers were likely empty at the time of generation, but documentation of this condition is lacking. Since WIPP compliant AK is developed on a waste stream basis, rather than an individual container basis, and includes every potential RCRA hazardous constituent within the waste stream, it is insufficient for the purpose of characterizing individual containers of liquid. Debris waste is defined in 40 CFR 268.2(g) as 'solid material exceeding a 60 mm particle size that is intended for disposal and that is: a manufactured object; or plant or animal matter; or natural geologic material'. The definition further states that intact containers of hazardous waste that are not ruptured and that retain at least 75% of their original volume are not debris. The prescribed treatment is removal of intact containers from the debris waste, and treatment of their contents to meet specific Land Disposal Restrictions (LDR) standards. This is true for containers with incidental amounts of liquids, even if the liquid is less than 50% of the total waste volume. Under the proposed variance, all free or containerised liquids (up to 3.8 liters(L)) found in the debris would be treated and returned in solid form to the debris waste stream from which they originated. The waste would then be macro-encapsulated. (author)« less

46 CFR 7.155 - Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK. 7.155 Section 7.155 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.155 Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK. (a) A line drawn from the westernmost...

46 CFR 7.155 - Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK. 7.155 Section 7.155 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.155 Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK. (a) A line drawn from the westernmost...

46 CFR 7.155 - Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK. 7.155 Section 7.155 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.155 Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK. (a) A line drawn from the westernmost...

46 CFR 7.155 - Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK. 7.155 Section 7.155 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.155 Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK. (a) A line drawn from the westernmost...

46 CFR 7.155 - Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK. 7.155 Section 7.155 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.155 Cape Spencer, AK to Cape St. Elias, AK. (a) A line drawn from the westernmost...

78 FR 16399 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Unalakleet, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-15

..., AK (Lat. 63[deg]53'19'' N., long. 160[deg]47'57'' W.) That airspace within a 4.2-mile radius of.... * * * * * AAL AK E5 Unalakleet, AK [Modified] Unalakleet Airport, AK (Lat. 63[deg]53'19'' N., long. 160[deg]47...; Airspace Docket No. 12-AAL-3] Amendment of Class E Airspace; Unalakleet, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation...

75 FR 44884 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Kulik Lake, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-30

... Regulations (14 CFR) part 71 by revising Class E airspace at Kulik Lake Airport, AK, to correct an old... More Above the Surface of the Earth * * * * * AAL AK E5 Kulik Lake, AK [Revised] Kulik Lake Airport, AK...

75 FR 32865 - Proposed Revision of Class E Airspace; Unalakleet, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-10

...] Unalakleet Airport, AK (Lat. 63[deg]53'19'' N., long. 160[deg]47'57'' W.) Unalakleet Localizer (Lat. 63[deg]52'52'' N., long. 160[deg]47'42'' W.) Within a 4.2-mile radius of the Unalakleet Airport, AK, and.... * * * * * AAL AK E5 Unalakleet, AK [Revised] Unalakleet Airport, AK (Lat. 63[deg]53'19'' N., long. 160[deg]47'57...

75 FR 62459 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Unalakleet, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-12

...] Unalakleet Airport, AK (Lat. 63[deg]53'19'' N., long. 160[deg]47'57'' W.) Unalakleet Localizer (Lat. 63[deg]52'52'' N., long. 160[deg]47'42'' W.) Within a 4.2-mile radius of the Unalakleet Airport, AK, and.... * * * * * AAL AK E5 Unalakleet, AK [Revised] Unalakleet Airport, AK (Lat. 63[deg]53'19'' N., long. 160[deg]47'57...

Adenylate kinase 2 (AK2) promotes cell proliferation in insect development

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background Adenylate kinase 2 (AK2) is a phosphotransferase that catalyzes the reversible reaction 2ADP(GDP) ↔ ATP(GTP) + AMP and influences cellular energy homeostasis. However, the role of AK2 in regulating cell proliferation remains unclear because AK2 has been reported to be involved in either cell proliferation or cell apoptosis in different cell types of various organisms. Results This study reports AK2 promotion of cell proliferation using the lepidopteran insect Helicoverpa armigera and its epidermal cell line HaEpi as models. Western blot analysis indicates that AK2 constitutively expresses in various tissues during larval development. Immunocytochemistry analysis indicates that AK2 localizes in the mitochondria. The recombinant expressed AK2 in E. coli promotes cell growth and viability of HaEpi cell line by 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. AK2 knockdown in larvae by RNA interference causes larval growth defects, including body weight decrease and development delay. AK2 knockdown in larvae also decreases the number of circulating haemocytes. The mechanism for such effects might be the suppression of gene transcription involved in insect development caused by AK2 knockdown. Conclusion These results show that AK2 regulates cell growth, viability, and proliferation in insect growth and development. PMID:23020757

23 CFR Appendix A to Part 658 - National Network-Federally-Designated Routes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Anchorage AK 3 Palmer. AK 2 AK 3 Fairbanks Milepost 1412 Delta Junction. AK 3 AK 1 Palmer AK 2 Fairbanks... Harbors. US 63 I-90 Rochester US 52 Rochester. US 63 MN 58 Red Wing WI State Line. US 71 IA State Line MN... State Line Red Wing MN US 2 W. of Ashland. US 141 US 41 Abrams US 8 Pembine. US 151 IA State Line...

23 CFR Appendix A to Part 658 - National Network-Federally-Designated Routes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Anchorage AK 3 Palmer. AK 2 AK 3 Fairbanks Milepost 1412 Delta Junction. AK 3 AK 1 Palmer AK 2 Fairbanks... Harbors. US 63 I-90 Rochester US 52 Rochester. US 63 MN 58 Red Wing WI State Line. US 71 IA State Line MN... State Line Red Wing MN US 2 W. of Ashland. US 141 US 41 Abrams US 8 Pembine. US 151 IA State Line...

Identification of a monofunctional aspartate kinase gene of Arabidopsis thaliana with spatially and temporally regulated expression.

PubMed

Yoshioka, Y; Kurei, S; Machida, Y

2001-06-01

We screened a gene trap library of Arabidopsis thaliana and isolated a line in which a gene encoding a homologue of monofunctional aspartate kinase was trapped by the reporter gene. Aspartate kinase (AK) is a key enzyme in the biosynthsis of aspartate family amino acids such as lysine, threonine, isoleucine, and methionine. In plants, two types of AK are known: one is AK which is sensitive to feedback inhibition by threonine and carries both AK and homoserine dehydrogenase (HSD) activities. The other one is monofunctional, sensitive to lysine and synergistically S-adenosylmethionine, and has only AK activity. We concluded that the trapped gene encoded a monofunctional aspartate kinase and designated as AK-lys3, because it lacked the HSD domain and had an amino acid sequence highly similar to those of the monofunctional aspartate kinases ofA. thaliana. AK-lys3 was highly expressed in xylem of leaves and hypocotyls and stele of roots. Significant expression of this gene was also observed in trichomes after bolting. Slight expression of AK-lys3 was detected in vascular bundles and mesophyll cells of cauline leaves, inflorescence stems, sepals, petals, and stigmas. These results indicated that this aspartate kinase gene was not expressed uniformly but in a spatially specific manner.

75 FR 30746 - Proposed Revocation and Establishment of Class E Airspace; Northeast, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-02

... Management System Office (see ADDRESSES section for address and phone number) between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m... Distribution System, which describes the application procedure. The Proposal This action proposes to amend.... * * * * * AAL AK E6 Barter Island, AK [Removed] * * * * * AAL AK E6 Mentasta Lake/Mountains Area, AK [Removed...

78 FR 22190 - Modification of Area Navigation (RNAV) Route T-266; AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-15

...; AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action... modifying RNAV route T-266 in Alaska. T-266 is currently defined by the Coghland Island, AK, NDB, the Fredericks Point, AK, NDB and the Annette Island, AK, VOR/DME. The Annette Island VOR/DME remains as one end...

76 FR 54152 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace Galbraith Lake, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-31

..., AK [Revised] Galbraith Lake Airport, AK (Lat. 68[deg]28'47'' N., long. 149[deg]29'24'' W) That...-0865; Airspace Docket No. 11-AAL-14] Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace Galbraith Lake, AK AGENCY... action proposes to amend Class E airspace at Galbraith Lake AK. The creation of two special instrument...

New paleomagnetic constraints on middle Miocene strike-slip faulting along the middle Altyn Tagh Fault

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Bingshuai; Yan, Maodu; Zhang, Weilin; Fang, Xiaomin; Meng, Qingquan; Zan, Jinbo; Chen, Yi; Zhang, Dawen; Yang, Yongpeng; Guan, Chong

2017-06-01

Knowledge of the evolution of the Altyn Tagh Fault (ATF) has significant implications for our understanding of the tectonic deformation of the Tibetan Plateau. Controversy exists regarding the formation of the orocline-like arcuate structures or curved thrust faults south of the ATF. In this paper, we conducted a paleomagnetic rotation study of the Akatengnengshan (AK) and Youshashan (YSS) anticlines to determine whether the changes in the anticlines' axes were caused by frictional drag associated with sinistral strike-slip faulting along the ATF. No significant paleomagnetic rotations during the last 20 Ma were observed at the Xichagou and Laomangai localities, which are situated along the YSS anticline, whereas significant counterclockwise (CCW) rotations of 50° that occurred between 16.2 and 11.1 Ma were noted at the Yitunbulake locality, which lies along the western edge of the AK anticline. This amount of CCW rotation is consistent with the difference in axes between the AK and YSS anticlines. Combined with other geological evidence, we believe that the middle ATF was active between 16 and 11 Ma. Frictional drag associated with sinistral strike-slip motion likely resulted in the 50° CCW rotation of the AK anticline, which was originally straight or parallel to the YSS anticline. There was concentrated or insignificant strike-slip faulting along the middle ATF before 16 Ma, but rapid and distributed (< 40 km) strike-slip faulting occurred between 16 and 11 Ma at a rate of ≥10 mm/yr, and the minimum displacement was 50 km.

Cytokinin Metabolism of Pathogenic Fungus Leptosphaeria maculans Involves Isopentenyltransferase, Adenosine Kinase and Cytokinin Oxidase/Dehydrogenase

PubMed Central

Trdá, Lucie; Barešová, Monika; Šašek, Vladimír; Nováková, Miroslava; Zahajská, Lenka; Dobrev, Petre I.; Motyka, Václav; Burketová, Lenka

2017-01-01

Among phytohormones, cytokinins (CKs) play an important role in controlling crucial aspects of plant development. Not only plants but also diverse microorganisms are able to produce phytohormones, including CKs, though knowledge concerning their biosynthesis and metabolism is still limited. In this work we demonstrate that the fungus Leptosphaeria maculans, a hemi-biotrophic pathogen of oilseed rape (Brassica napus), causing one of the most damaging diseases of this crop, is able to modify the CK profile in infected B. napus tissues, as well as produce a wide range of CKs in vitro, with the cis-zeatin derivatives predominating. The endogenous CK spectrum of L. maculans in vitro consists mainly of free CK bases, as opposed to plants, where other CK forms are mostly more abundant. Using functional genomics, enzymatic and feeding assays with CK bases supplied to culture media, we show that L. maculans contains a functional: (i) isopentenyltransferase (IPT) involved in cZ production; (ii) adenosine kinase (AK) involved in phosphorylation of CK ribosides to nucleotides; and (iii) CK-degradation enzyme cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX). Our data further indicate the presence of cis–trans isomerase, zeatin O-glucosyltransferase(s) and N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenine hydroxylating enzyme. Besides, we report on a crucial role of LmAK for L. maculans fitness and virulence. Altogether, in this study we characterize in detail the CK metabolism of the filamentous fungi L. maculans and report its two novel components, the CKX and CK-related AK activities, according to our knowledge for the first time in the fungal kingdom. Based on these findings, we propose a model illustrating CK metabolism pathways in L. maculans. PMID:28785249

46 CFR 7.150 - Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape Spencer, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape Spencer, AK. 7.150 Section 7.150 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.150 Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape...

46 CFR 7.150 - Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape Spencer, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape Spencer, AK. 7.150 Section 7.150 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.150 Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape...

46 CFR 7.150 - Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape Spencer, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape Spencer, AK. 7.150 Section 7.150 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.150 Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape...

46 CFR 7.150 - Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape Spencer, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape Spencer, AK. 7.150 Section 7.150 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.150 Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape...

46 CFR 7.150 - Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape Spencer, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape Spencer, AK. 7.150 Section 7.150 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.150 Canadian (BC) and United States (AK) Borders to Cape...

Arginine kinase from the Tardigrade, Macrobiotus occidentalis: molecular cloning, phylogenetic analysis and enzymatic properties.

PubMed

Uda, Kouji; Ishida, Mikako; Matsui, Tohru; Suzuki, Tomohiko

2010-10-01

Arginine kinase (AK), which catalyzes the reversible transfer of phosphate from ATP to arginine to yield phosphoarginine and ADP, is widely distributed throughout the invertebrates. We determined the cDNA sequence of AK from the tardigrade (water bear) Macrobiotus occidentalis, cloned the sequence into pET30b plasmid, and expressed it in Escherichia coli as a 6x His-tag—fused protein. The cDNA is 1377 bp, has an open reading frame of 1080 bp, and has 5′- and 3′-untranslated regions of 116 and 297 bp, respectively. The open reading frame encodes a 359-amino acid protein containing the 12 residues considered necessary for substrate binding in Limulus AK. This is the first AK sequence from a tardigrade. From fragmented and non-annotated sequences available from DNA databases, we assembled 46 complete AK sequences: 26 from arthropods (including 19 from Insecta), 11 from nematodes, 4 from mollusks, 2 from cnidarians and 2 from onychophorans. No onychophoran sequences have been reported previously. The phylogenetic trees of 104 AKs indicated clearly that Macrobiotus AK (from the phylum Tardigrada) shows close affinity with Epiperipatus and Euperipatoides AKs (from the phylum Onychophora), and therefore forms a sister group with the arthropod AKs. Recombinant 6x His-tagged Macrobiotus AK was successfully expressed as a soluble protein, and the kinetic constants (K(m), K(d), V(ma) and k(cat)) were determined for the forward reaction. Comparison of these kinetic constants with those of AKs from other sources (arthropods, mollusks and nematodes) indicated that Macrobiotus AK is unique in that it has the highest values for k(cat) and K(d)K(m) (indicative of synergistic substrate binding) of all characterized AKs.

Characteristics of aluminum alloy microplastic deformation in different structural states

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Seregin, G.V.; Efimenko, L.L.; Leonov, M.V.

The solution to the problem of improving the mechanical properties (including cyclic strength) of structural materials is largely dependent on our knowledge of the laws governing the development of microplastic deformations in them. The effect of heat and mechanical treatment on the elastoplastic properties and fatigue resistance of the commercial aluminum alloys AK4-1 and D16 is analyzed.

EBNA3C-Mediated Regulation of Aurora Kinase B Contributes to Epstein-Barr Virus-Induced B-Cell Proliferation through Modulation of the Activities of the Retinoblastoma Protein and Apoptotic Caspases

PubMed Central

Jha, Hem Chandra; Lu, Jie; Saha, Abhik; Cai, Qiliang; Banerjee, Shuvomoy; Prasad, Mahadesh A. J.

2013-01-01

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an oncogenic gammaherpesvirus that is implicated in several human malignancies, including Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and AIDS-associated lymphomas. Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 3C (EBNA3C), one of the essential EBV latent antigens, can induce mammalian cell cycle progression through its interaction with cell cycle regulators. Aurora kinase B (AK-B) is important for cell division, and deregulation of AK-B is associated with aneuploidy, incomplete mitotic exit, and cell death. Our present study shows that EBNA3C contributes to upregulation of AK-B transcript levels by enhancing the activity of its promoter. Further, EBNA3C also increased the stability of the AK-B protein, and the presence of EBNA3C leads to reduced ubiquitination of AK-B. Importantly, EBNA3C in association with wild-type AK-B but not with its kinase-dead mutant led to enhanced cell proliferation, and AK-B knockdown can induce nuclear blebbing and cell death. This phenomenon was rescued in the presence of EBNA3C. Knockdown of AK-B resulted in activation of caspase 3 and caspase 9, along with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) cleavage, which is known to be an important contributor to apoptotic signaling. Importantly, EBNA3C failed to stabilize the kinase-dead mutant of AK-B compared to wild-type AK-B, which suggests a role for the kinase domain in AK-B stabilization and downstream phosphorylation of the cell cycle regulator retinoblastoma protein (Rb). This study demonstrates the functional relevance of AK-B kinase activity in EBNA3C-regulated B-cell proliferation and apoptosis. PMID:23986604

New and current preventive treatment options in actinic keratosis.

PubMed

Arenberger, P; Arenbergerova, M

2017-09-01

Actinic keratosis (AK) is a characteristic skin lesion on skin areas of subjects with mainly phototype I and phototype II, or with specific genetic factors and who are exposed to prolonged ultraviolet radiation. AK may be considered a precursor of in situ squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), a type of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). However, it is still not possible to predict which AK lesions will develop into SCC. Early treatment of AK is therefore recommended. Despite the increasing number of patients with AK developing into SCC, to date, there is still no clear suggestion of therapeutic strategy for AK. Current treatment consists of a multitude of topical lesion-directed or field-directed therapies or a combination of both. Recently, orally administered nicotinamide has shown to significantly reduce rates of new NMSC and AK in high-risk patients. This study aims to provide an update on the most relevant information about AK and to provide an insight into current and new treatment options. © 2017 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.

75 FR 38753 - Proposed Revision of Class E Airspace; Tanana, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-06

... E Airspace; Tanana, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action proposes to revise Class E airspace at Tanana, AK. The..., Anchorage, AK 99513-7587. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Gary Rolf, Federal Aviation Administration, 222...

78 FR 5128 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Savoonga, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-24

...-0323; Airspace Docket No. 12-AAL-4] Amendment of Class E Airspace; Savoonga, AK AGENCY: Federal... Savoonga, AK, to accommodate aircraft using Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard... modify controlled airspace at Savoonga, AK (77 FR 61304). Interested parties were invited to participate...

Long non-coding RNA AK093407 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells via STAT3 activation

PubMed Central

Wang, Yongkun; Liang, Tingting; Wang, Yao; Huang, Yan; Li, Ye

2017-01-01

Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor of the skeletal system. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play significant role in osteosarcoma. The present study evaluated the effects and mechanism of lncRNA AK093407 in osteosarcoma. The study included human osteosarcoma cell line, U-2OS. Cell proliferation, viability, and apoptosis were measured using Ki-67 proliferation assay, MTT assay, and Annexin V/PI staining assay, respectively. Relative mRNA and protein expressions were measured using qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Interaction between AK093407 and STAT3 was identified using mass spectrometry and RNA pull-down assay. Results revealed that AK093407 was highly expressed in osteosarcoma cells and tissues. Then we demonstrated that overexpression of AK093407 promoted cell proliferation and viability and inhibited apoptosis, whereas suppression of AK093407 showed opposite effects. In addition, AK093407 regulated the expression of genes and proteins (Bcl-2, TGF-β, NF-κB, and PCNA) involved in the cell proliferation, viability, and apoptosis. Furthermore, we showed that AK093407 interacted with STAT3, and promoted its phosphorylation. Lastly, we showed that STAT3 activation was essential for the effects of AK093407 on cell proliferation and apoptosis as the overexpression of AK093407 in the presence of STAT3 inhibitor did not promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis. AK093407 is highly expressed in osteosarcoma cells and tissues, and promotes cell proliferation and viability and inhibits apoptosis of osteosarcoma cell line U-2OS via STAT3 activation. PMID:28469961

78 FR 65238 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Eagle, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-31

...-0777; Airspace Docket No. 12-AAL-16] Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Eagle, AK AGENCY... action proposes to establish Class E airspace at Eagle Airport, Eagle, AK. Controlled airspace is... management of aircraft operations at Eagle Airport, Eagle, AK. DATES: Comments must be received on or before...

78 FR 8962 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Kasigluk, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-07

...-0952; Airspace Docket No. 12-AAL-6] Establishment of Class E Airspace; Kasigluk, AK AGENCY: Federal... at Kasigluk, AK, to accommodate aircraft using Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS... rulemaking to modify controlled airspace at Kasigluk, AK (77 FR 60660). Interested parties were invited to...

78 FR 65208 - Modification of Class D and E Airspace; Kenai, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-31

...-1174; Airspace Docket No. 12-AAL-12] Modification of Class D and E Airspace; Kenai, AK AGENCY: Federal... airspace at Kenai Municipal Airport, Kenai, AK. Controlled airspace is necessary to accommodate aircraft... (NPRM) to modify controlled airspace at Kenai Municipal Airport, Kenai, AK (78 FR 34609). Interested...

77 FR 6463 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Kwigillingok, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-08

...; Airspace Docket No. 11-AAL-18] Amendment of Class E Airspace; Kwigillingok, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation..., Kwigillingok, AK. In that rule, errors were made in the geographic coordinates and legal description for... Airport, AK. Subsequent to publication, an error was found in the latitude coordinate for Kwigillingok...

76 FR 8626 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Shungnak, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-15

...-1104; Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-19] Revision of Class E Airspace; Shungnak, AK AGENCY: Federal... Shungnak, AK, to accommodate amended Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) at the Shungnak..., Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone number (907) 271-5898; fax: (907) 271-2850; e- mail...

78 FR 65237 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Central, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-31

...-0017; Airspace Docket No. 13-AAL-1] Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Central, AK AGENCY... action proposes to establish Class E airspace at Central Airport, Central, AK. Controlled airspace is... of aircraft operations at Central Airport, Central, AK. DATES: Comments must be received on or before...

78 FR 45849 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Gustavus, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-30

...-0282; Airspace Docket No. 13-AAL-3] Amendment of Class E Airspace; Gustavus, AK AGENCY: Federal... Gustavus Airport, Gustavus, AK. Decommissioning of the Gustavus Nondirectional Radio Beacon (NDB) has made... Register a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to amend controlled airspace at Gustavus, AK (78 FR 31871...

75 FR 32269 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Wainwright, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-08

...-0080; Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-2] Revision of Class E Airspace; Wainwright, AK AGENCY: Federal... Wainwright, AK, to accommodate amended Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs), and one new Obstacle... Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone number (907) 271-5898; fax: (907...

78 FR 59806 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; White Mountain, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-30

...-1185; Airspace Docket No. 12-AAL-8] Establishment of Class E Airspace; White Mountain, AK AGENCY... airspace at White Mountain Airport, White Mountain, AK, to accommodate aircraft using new Area Navigation..., Airport, White Mountain, AK (77 FR 75598). Interested parties were invited to participate in this...

77 FR 6 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Kwigillingok, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-03

...-0881; Airspace Docket No. 11-AAL-18] Amendment of Class E Airspace; Kwigillingok, AK AGENCY: Federal... Kwigillingok, AK. The revision of two standard instrument approach procedures at the Kwigillingok Airport has... airspace at Kwigillingok, AK (76 FR 54151). Interested parties were invited to participate in this...

75 FR 12676 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Koyukuk, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-17

...-0692; Airspace Docket No. 09-AAL-13] Establishment of Class E Airspace; Koyukuk, AK AGENCY: Federal... at Koyukuk, AK, to accommodate new Area Navigation (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures...-538G, Federal Aviation Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone...

75 FR 12677 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Shaktoolik, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-17

...-0142; Airspace Docket No. 09-AAL-2] Establishment of Class E Airspace; Shaktoolik, AK AGENCY: Federal... at Shaktoolik, AK, to accommodate new Area Navigation (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures...: Gary Rolf, AAL-538G, Federal Aviation Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513...

78 FR 65239 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Brevig Mission, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-31

...-0078; Airspace Docket No. 12-AAL-1] Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Brevig Mission, AK...: This action proposes to establish Class E airspace at Brevig Mission Airport, Brevig Mission, AK... at Brevig Mission Airport, Brevig Mission, AK. Controlled airspace extending 2 miles north, 6 miles...

77 FR 6 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Galbraith Lake, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-03

...-0865; Airspace Docket No. 11-AAL-14] Amendment of Class E Airspace; Galbraith Lake, AK AGENCY: Federal... Galbraith Lake, AK. The creation of two standard instrument approach procedures at the Galbraith Lake... airspace at Galbraith Lake, AK (76 FR 54152). Interested parties were invited to participate in this...

76 FR 23687 - Amendment of Federal Airways; Alaska

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-28

... Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action amends all Anchorage, AK, Federal airways... airways that currently use the Anchorage (ANC) VOR located on Fire Island, AK. The ANC VOR was upgraded to... Federal airways. * * * * * V-319 [Amended] From Yakutat, AK, via Johnstone Point, AK, INT Johnstone Point...

76 FR 43823 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Yakutat, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-22

...-0244 Airspace Docket No. 11-AAL-05] Revision of Class E Airspace; Yakutat, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation... Airport, Yakutat, AK. The amendment of eight Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) has made this... INFORMATION CONTACT: Martha Dunn, Federal Aviation Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK...

Comparison of Fluorescence Microscopy and Different Growth Media Culture Methods for Acanthamoeba Keratitis Diagnosis.

PubMed

Peretz, Avi; Geffen, Yuval; Socea, Soergiu D; Pastukh, Nina; Graffi, Shmuel

2015-08-01

Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK), a potentially blinding infection of the cornea, is caused by a free-living protozoan. Culture and microscopic examination of corneal scraping tissue material is the conventional method for identifying Acanthamoeba. In this article, we compared several methods for AK diagnosis of 32 patients: microscopic examination using fluorescent dye, specific culture on growth media-non-nutrient agar (NNA), culture on liquid growth media-peptone yeast glucose (PYG), and TYI-S-33. AK was found in 14 patients. Thirteen of the specimens were found AK positive by fluorescence microscopic examination, 11 specimens were found AK positive on PYG growth media, and 9 specimens were found AK positive on TYI-S-33 growth media. Only five specimens were found AK positive on NNA growth media. Therefore, we recommend using fluorescence microscopy technique and culture method, especially PYG liquid media. © The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

75 FR 52368 - Notice of Inventory Completion: Homer Society of Natural History, Pratt Museum, Homer, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-25

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR National Park Service Notice of Inventory Completion: Homer Society of Natural History, Pratt Museum, Homer, AK AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. ACTION: Notice. Notice... Society of Natural History, Pratt Museum, Homer, AK. The human remains were removed from Kachemak Bay, AK...

76 FR 8627 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Platinum, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-15

...-1105; Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-20] Revision of Class E Airspace; Platinum, AK AGENCY: Federal... Platinum, AK, to accommodate the addition of a Standard Instrument Approach Procedure (SIAP), at the... 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone number (907) 271-5898; fax: (907) 271-2850; e...

78 FR 48299 - Establishment of Class D Airspace; Bryant AAF, Anchorage, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-08

...-0433; Airspace Docket No. 12-AAL-5] Establishment of Class D Airspace; Bryant AAF, Anchorage, AK AGENCY... airspace at Bryant Army Airfield (AAF), Anchorage AK. This action provides controlled airspace to improve... proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to establish Class D airspace at Bryant AAF, Anchorage AK (77 FR 50646...

75 FR 62458 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Tanana, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-12

...-0588 Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-16] Revision of Class E Airspace; Tanana, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action revises Class E airspace at Tanana, AK. The... West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone number (907) 271-5898; fax: (907) 271-2850...

75 FR 77574 - Proposed Revision of Class E Airspace; Savoonga, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-13

...-1103Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-18] Proposed Revision of Class E Airspace; Savoonga, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation... proposes to revise Class E airspace at Savoonga, AK. The amendment of three Standard Instrument Approach... Operations, Federal Aviation Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587. FOR...

33 CFR 165.1712 - Safety Zones; Annual Independence Day Firework Displays, Skagway, Haines, and Wrangell, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Day Firework Displays, Skagway, Haines, and Wrangell, AK. 165.1712 Section 165.1712 Navigation and... Displays, Skagway, Haines, and Wrangell, AK. (a) Regulated areas. The following areas are permanent safety..., Haines, AK within a 300-yard radius around the fireworks launch area, centered at approximate position 59...

33 CFR 165.1712 - Safety Zones; Annual Independence Day Firework Displays, Skagway, Haines, and Wrangell, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Day Firework Displays, Skagway, Haines, and Wrangell, AK. 165.1712 Section 165.1712 Navigation and... Displays, Skagway, Haines, and Wrangell, AK. (a) Regulated areas. The following areas are permanent safety..., Haines, AK within a 300-yard radius around the fireworks launch area, centered at approximate position 59...

76 FR 8624 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Barrow, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-15

...-0722 Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-17] Revision of Class E Airspace; Barrow, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation... Rogers Memorial Airport in Barrow, AK, in order to accommodate the amendment of five Standard Instrument... Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone number (907) 271-5898; fax: (907...

78 FR 30797 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Point Thomson, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-23

...-1175; Airspace Docket No. 12-AAL-11] Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Point Thomson, AK AGENCY... action proposes to modify the airspace at Point Thomson, AK by establishing Class E Airspace at Point Thomson Airstrip Airport, Point Thomson, AK. This will accommodate aircraft using a new Area Navigation...

76 FR 3011 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Port Clarence, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-19

...-0354, Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-10] Establishment of Class E Airspace; Port Clarence, AK AGENCY... Coast Guard Station (CGS) Airport, Port Clarence, AK. The charting of this airspace has been delayed... Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone number (907) 271-5898; fax: (907...

76 FR 8625 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Savoonga, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-15

...-1103 Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-18] Revision of Class E Airspace; Savoonga, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation... Airport, Savoonga, AK. The amendment of three Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) plus the... Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone number (907) 271-5898; fax: (907...

77 FR 5 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Kipnuk, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-03

...-0866; Airspace Docket No. 11-AAL-15] Amendment of Class E Airspace; Kipnuk, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action modifies Class E airspace at Kipnuk, AK. The... a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to amend controlled airspace at Kipnuk, AK (76 FR 54149...

76 FR 66178 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Umiat, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-26

...-0750; Airspace Docket No. 11-AAL-08] Revision of Class E Airspace; Umiat, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action revises Class E airspace at Umiat, AK, due to...-538G, Federal Aviation Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone...

76 FR 49387 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Umiat, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-10

...-0750 Airspace Docket No. 11-AAL-08] Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Umiat, AK AGENCY: Federal... proposes to revise Class E airspace at Umiat, AK. The cancellation of two special Instrument Approach... Operations, Federal Aviation Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587. FOR...

75 FR 81110 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Port Clarence, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-27

...-0354 Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-10] Establishment of Class E Airspace; Port Clarence, AK AGENCY...) Airport, Port Clarence, AK, contained in a final rule that was published in the Federal Register. DATES... Aviation Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone number (907) 271...

75 FR 32271 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Nenana, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-08

...-0081; Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-3] Revision of Class E Airspace; Nenana, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action revises Class E airspace at Nenana, AK, to..., Federal Aviation Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone number...

75 FR 12680 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Scammon Bay, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-17

...-1038; Airspace Docket No. 09-AAL-19] Revision of Class E Airspace; Scammon Bay, AK AGENCY: Federal... Scammon Bay, AK, to accommodate new Area Navigation (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs..., 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone number (907) 271-5898; fax: (907) 271...

78 FR 17083 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Scammon Bay, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-20

...-0121; Airspace Docket No. 12-AAL-2] Amendment of Class E Airspace; Scammon Bay, AK AGENCY: Federal... Scammon Bay Airport, Scammon Bay, AK. Controlled airspace is necessary to accommodate aircraft using a new... Federal Register a notice of proposed rulemaking to modify controlled airspace at Scammon Bay, AK (77 FR...

75 FR 77573 - Proposed Revision of Class E Airspace; Shungnak, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-13

...-1104 Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-19] Proposed Revision of Class E Airspace; Shungnak, AK AGENCY: Federal... proposes to revise Class E airspace at Shungnak, AK. The amendment of Standard Instrument Approach... Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Martha...

75 FR 12679 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Iliamna, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-17

...-1036; Airspace Docket No. 09-AAL-17] Revision of Class E Airspace; Iliamna, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action revises Class E airspace at Iliamna, AK, to..., Federal Aviation Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone number...

75 FR 32272 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Kaltag, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-08

...-0082; Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-4] Revision of Class E Airspace; Kaltag, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action revises Class E airspace at Kaltag, AK, to..., Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone number (907) 271-5898; fax: (907) 271-2850; e-mail: [email protected

78 FR 34609 - Proposed Modification of Class D and E Airspace; Kenai, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-10

...-1174; Airspace Docket No. 12-AAL-12] Proposed Modification of Class D and E Airspace; Kenai, AK AGENCY... action proposes to modify Class D and E airspace at Kenai, AK, to accommodate aircraft departing and..., at Kenai Municipal Airport, Kenai, AK. Also, the geographic coordinates of the airport would be...

75 FR 33165 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Galena, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-11

...-0299; Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-9] Revision of Class E Airspace; Galena, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final Rule. SUMMARY: This action revises Class E airspace at Galena, AK, to...-538G, Federal Aviation Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587; telephone...

78 FR 69787 - Proposed Modification of Class E Airspace; Sitka, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-21

...-0921; Airspace Docket No. 13-AAL-4] Proposed Modification of Class E Airspace; Sitka, AK AGENCY... rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action proposes to modify Class E airspace at Sitka, AK, to [[Page 69788... Gutierrez, AK. After review of the airspace, the FAAs Western Terminal Products Office found modification of...

76 FR 21832 - Proposed Revision of Class E Airspace; Yakutat, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-19

...-0244 Airspace Docket No. 11-AAL-05] Proposed Revision of Class E Airspace; Yakutat, AK AGENCY: Federal... proposes to revise Class E airspace at Yakutat, AK. The revision of eight Standard Instrument Approach... Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Martha...

Eight new species of Cestrum (Solanaceae) from Mesoamerica

PubMed Central

Monro, Alex K.

2012-01-01

Abstract As part of the preparation of a taxonomic revision of Cestrum (Solanaceae) for Flora Mesoamericana eight hitherto undescribed species from Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica and Panama were identified. These eight new species are described and illustrated. Affinities of the species are discussed and Global Species Conservation Assessments presented.The new species are Cestrum amistadense A.K. Monro, sp. nov. (Vulnerable) which most closely resembles Cestrum longiflorum Ruiz & Pav., Cestrum contrerasianum A.K. Monro, sp. nov. (Vulnerable) which most closely resembles Cestrum formosum C.V.Morton, Cestrum darienense A.K. Monro, sp. nov. (Near Threatened) which most closely resembles Cestrum morae Hunz., Cestrum gilliae A.K. Monro, sp. nov. (Near Threatened) which most closely resembles Cestrum morae, Cestrum haberii A.K. Monro, sp. nov. (Vulnerable) which most closely resembles Cestrum poasanum Donn.Sm., Cestrum knappiae A.K. Monro, sp. nov. (Near Threatened) which most closely resembles Cestrum acuminatum Francey, Cestrum lentii A.K. Monro, sp. nov. (Near Threatened) which most closely resembles Cestrum johnniegentrianum D’Arcy and Cestrum talamancaense A.K. Monro (Least Concern) which most closely resembles Cestrum laxum Benth. PMID:22287930

Effects of mother's dietary exposure to acesulfame-K in Pregnancy or lactation on the adult offspring's sweet preference.

PubMed

Zhang, Gen-Hua; Chen, Meng-Ling; Liu, Si-Si; Zhan, Yue-Hua; Quan, Ying; Qin, Yu-Mei; Deng, Shao-Ping

2011-11-01

This study investigates whether mother's exposure to the artificial sweetener acesulfame-K (AK) during pregnancy or lactation affected her adult offspring's sweet preference. It was found that mother's dietary exposure to AK in pregnancy or lactation decreased the preference thresholds for AK and sucrose solutions in the adult offspring, whereas the preference pattern and the most preferred concentration for AK or sucrose solution were unchanged. Furthermore, the preference scores in the exposure groups were increased significantly when compared with the control group at a range of concentrations for AK or sucrose solution. The existence of AK and its dynamic changes within 24 h in amniotic fluid during pregnancy or in mother's milk during lactation after a single oral infusion of AK solution were revealed by the methods of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Our data suggest that AK can be ingested by the prenatal or postnatal mice through their mother's amniotic fluid or breast milk, producing a long-dated function on the adult's sweet preference.

Long non-coding RNA AK096174 promotes cell proliferation and invasion in gastric cancer by regulating WDR66 expression.

PubMed

Zhang, Yeqian; Yu, Site; Zhang, Zizhen; Zhao, Gang; Xu, Jia

2018-05-01

Gastric cancer is one of the major causes of cancer death worldwide; however, the mechanism of carcinogenesis is complex and poorly understood. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) have been reported to be involved in the development of multiple cancers. Here we identified a novel lncRNA, AK096174, which was upregulated and associated with tumorigenesis, tumor size, metastasis, and poor prognosis in gastric cancer. Our data showed that AK096174 was highly expressed in the gastric cancer tissues and cell lines (SGC-7901, AGS, BGC-823, MGC-803), and patients with higher AK096174 expression had a poorer prognosis and shorter overall survival. AK096174 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasiveness in SGC-7901 and BGC-823 cells, whereas AK096174 overexpression had the promoting effects. Furthermore, mechanistic investigation showed that AK096174 positively correlated with the expression of WD repeat-containing protein 66 (WDR66) gene at the translational level. Knockdown of WRD66 attenuated the positive impact of AK096174 in gastric cancer cells. The findings of this study establish a function for AK096174 in gastric cancer progression and suggest it may serve as a potential target for gastric cancer therapy in the future. ©2018 The Author(s).

5-ALA induced fluorescent image analysis of actinic keratosis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cho, Yong-Jin; Bae, Youngwoo; Choi, Eung-Ho; Jung, Byungjo

2010-02-01

In this study, we quantitatively analyzed 5-ALA induced fluorescent images of actinic keratosis using digital fluorescent color and hyperspectral imaging modalities. UV-A was utilized to induce fluorescent images and actinic keratosis (AK) lesions were demarcated from surrounding the normal region with different methods. Eight subjects with AK lesion were participated in this study. In the hyperspectral imaging modality, spectral analysis method was utilized for hyperspectral cube image and AK lesions were demarcated from the normal region. Before image acquisition, we designated biopsy position for histopathology of AK lesion and surrounding normal region. Erythema index (E.I.) values on both regions were calculated from the spectral cube data. Image analysis of subjects resulted in two different groups: the first group with the higher fluorescence signal and E.I. on AK lesion than the normal region; the second group with lower fluorescence signal and without big difference in E.I. between two regions. In fluorescent color image analysis of facial AK, E.I. images were calculated on both normal and AK lesions and compared with the results of hyperspectral imaging modality. The results might indicate that the different intensity of fluorescence and E.I. among the subjects with AK might be interpreted as different phases of morphological and metabolic changes of AK lesions.

EBNA3C regulates p53 through induction of Aurora kinase B

PubMed Central

Jha, Hem C.; Yang, Karren; El-Naccache, Darine W.; Sun, Zhiguo; Robertson, Erle S.

2015-01-01

In multicellular organisms p53 maintains genomic integrity through activation of DNA repair, and apoptosis. EBNA3C can down regulate p53 transcriptional activity. Aurora kinase (AK) B phosphorylates p53, which leads to degradation of p53. Aberrant expression of AK-B is a hallmark of numerous human cancers. Therefore changes in the activities of p53 due to AK-B and EBNA3C expression is important for understanding EBV-mediated cell transformation. Here we show that the activities of p53 and its homolog p73 are dysregulated in EBV infected primary cells which can contribute to increased cell transformation. Further, we showed that the ETS-1 binding site is crucial for EBNA3C-mediated up-regulation of AK-B transcription. Further, we determined the Ser 215 residue of p53 is critical for functional regulation by AK-B and EBNA3C and that the kinase domain of AK-B which includes amino acid residues 106, 111 and 205 was important for p53 regulation. AK-B with a mutation at residue 207 was functionally similar to wild type AK-B in terms of its kinase activities and knockdown of AK-B led to enhanced p73 expression independent of p53. This study explores an additional mechanism by which p53 is regulated by AK-B and EBNA3C contributing to EBV-induced B-cell transformation. PMID:25691063

Actinic keratosis-related signs predictive of squamous cell carcinoma in renal transplant recipients: a nested case-control study.

PubMed

Jiyad, Z; O'Rourke, P; Soyer, H P; Green, A C

2017-04-01

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and intraepidermal carcinoma (IEC) commonly arise in actinically damaged skin. To identify clinical features of actinic change that correlate with an increased risk of SCC or IEC in the short-to-medium term as guidance for prioritizing field treatment. In a nested case-control study, cases were renal transplant recipients who developed an incident SCC or IEC within 18 months following baseline examination and photography. Controls without SCC or IEC were matched to cases on age, sex and duration of immunosuppression. Predefined skin sites on the head, neck and upper limbs were examined using baseline photographs to assess objectively the following features of actinic damage: presence of actinic keratosis (AK) patch (defined as AK > 1 cm 2 ), number of AK patches, number of AKs and area affected by AK. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using McNemar's test to identify differences in SCC/IEC risk combined and SCC risk alone between case and control skin sites. Thirty-nine cases were matched to 39 controls. Significant associations with the presence of an AK patch, number of AK patches, number of AKs and area affected by AKs were identified. The presence of an AK patch conferred an 18-fold increased risk of SCC (OR 18·00, 95% CI 2·84-750) and more than a sixfold increased risk of SCC/IEC combined (OR 6·60, 95% CI 2·56-21·66). AK patches are predictive of SCC/IEC development within 18 months. This can be used to guide site selection for field treatment in patients with widespread actinic damage. © 2016 British Association of Dermatologists.

Treatment considerations in actinic keratosis.

PubMed

Goldenberg, G

2017-03-01

The chronic skin condition actinic keratosis (AK) is characterized by the formation of keratotic lesions of variable thickness that are poorly delimited. AK occurs on areas of the skin that have had long-term exposure to the sun or UV radiation. Although AKs may regress, they usually persist and can progress to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Clinicians are unable to predict which AKs will progress; therefore, both clinically visible lesions and subclinical, non-visible (i.e. the entire area affected by AK/field cancerization) should be treated. AK treatment options include lesion-directed therapies that target specific AK lesions and field-directed therapies that target multiple clinical lesions and the underlying field damage. This article reviews currently available treatment options in AK, with a focus on patient-applied field therapies, and their suitability according to specific disease characteristics and patient needs. Choice of treatment in AK depends on lesion-, patient- and treatment-related factors and should be individualized. Considerations when choosing a therapy include site of application, treatment duration, surface area of application, tolerability profiles and implications on adherence. Field-directed therapies treat clinical and subclinical damage (i.e. the entire area affected by AK), achieve high rates of sustained clearance of AKs and may reduce the risk of progression to SCC. There is a clear need for field therapies with short duration of treatment and predictable, short-lived, mild local skin reactions that can be used over a large surface area. Therapies with shorter and simpler treatment courses are often associated with better adherence than treatments with longer courses. These may, therefore, represent more appropriate choices in patients for whom convenience and/or adherence are an issue. © 2017 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.

Effect of prostaglandin E2 on cytotoxic activity and granzyme A protease release by murine adherent IL-2 activated killer cells.

PubMed

Vaillier, D; Daculsi, R; Gualde, N

1994-04-01

The effects of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) have been studied on a highly purified population of murine IL-2 activated killer cells obtained by selecting plastic-adherent splenocytes (AK cells) after incubation with high doses of recombinant IL-2. AK cells were highly cytotoxic for YAC-1 target cells. The cytotoxic activity was detectable at one hour after initiation of the cytotoxic assay and then increased with time. Cytotoxic activity of AK cells was inhibited by the addition of PGE2 or forskolin during the cytotoxic assay. When AK cells were generated in the presence of PGE2, the yielding cytotoxic activity was lower than the one expressed by "regular" AK cells but were insensitive to the inhibitory effect of PGE2 even if their lytic capability was still suppressed by forskolin. The presence of PGE2 during the AK cell culture had no effect on the cellular proliferation. Moreover, using tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay which reflects the cellular activation, it was observed that AK cells cultured in presence of PGE2 had an increased capacity to cleave the tetrazolium salt to formazan. Since the cytotoxic activity of killer cells is related to expression of serine esterase enzymes we evaluated the effects of PGE2 on serine esterase (Granzyme A) release after one hour of incubation of AK cells either alone or in presence of PGE2, YAC-1 cells or both. We observed that (i) AK cells spontaneously release granzyme A, (ii) the level of granzyme A was significantly increased when AK cells were incubated either with YAC-1 cells or PGE2 but did not change when YAC-1 cells and PGE2 were both associated with AK cells.

Defining the actinic keratosis field: a literature review and discussion.

PubMed

Figueras Nart, I; Cerio, R; Dirschka, T; Dréno, B; Lear, J T; Pellacani, G; Peris, K; Ruiz de Casas, A

2018-04-01

Despite the chronic and increasingly prevalent nature of actinic keratosis (AK) and existing evidence supporting assessment of the entire cancerization field during clinical management, a standardized definition of the AK field to aid in the understanding and characterization of the disease is lacking. The objective of this review was to present and appraise the available evidence describing the AK cancerization field, with the aim of determining a precise definition of the AK field in terms of its molecular (including genetic and immunological), histological and clinical characteristics. Eight European dermatologists collaborated to conduct a review and expert appraisal of articles detailing the characteristics of the AK field. Articles published in English before August 2016 were identified using PubMed and independently selected for further assessment according to predefined preliminary inclusion and exclusion criteria. In addition, a retrospective audit of patients with AK was performed to define the AK field in clinical terms. A total of 32 review articles and 47 original research articles provided evidence of sun-induced molecular (including genetic and immunological) and histological skin changes in the sun-exposed area affected by AK. However, the available literature was deemed insufficient to inform a clinical definition of the AK field. During the retrospective audit, visible signs of sun damage in 40 patients with AK were assessed. Telangiectasia, atrophy and pigmentation disorders emerged as 'reliable or very reliable' indicators of AK field based on expert opinion, whereas 'sand paper' was deemed a 'moderately reliable' indicator. This literature review has revealed a significant gap of evidence to inform a clinical definition of the AK field. Therefore, the authors instead propose a clinical definition of field cancerization based on the identification of visible signs of sun damage that are reliable indicators of field cancerization based on expert opinion. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.

77 FR 12568 - Fishing Capacity Reduction Program for the Southeast Alaska Purse Seine Salmon Fishery

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-01

... 99921 23 TREINEN CHARLES W... 60055 2054 ARLINGTON DR... ANCHORAGE AK 99517 24 SIMPSON BRIAN... SVENSON MIKE W...... 56237 104 SHARON DR....... SITKA AK 99835 269 OLSON CHARLES R..... 55989 3009 HALIBUT... KODIAK AK 99615 291 CHRISTENSEN CHARLES 56722 BOX 824 PETERSBURG AK 99833 L. 292 MATHISEN WAYNE T...

75 FR 26151 - Proposed Revision of Class E Airspace; Kulik Lake, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-11

...-0270 Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-8] Proposed Revision of Class E Airspace; Kulik Lake, AK AGENCY... action proposes to revise Class E airspace at Kulik Lake, AK. This action would correct an error in the... Administration, 222 West 7th Avenue, Box 14, Anchorage, AK 99513-7587. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Gary Rolf...

Mesophilic and hyperthermophilic adenylate kinases differ in their tolerance to random fragmentation.

PubMed

Segall-Shapiro, Thomas H; Nguyen, Peter Q; Dos Santos, Edgardo D; Subedi, Saurav; Judd, Justin; Suh, Junghae; Silberg, Jonathan J

2011-02-11

The extent to which thermostability influences the location of protein fragmentation sites that allow retention of function is not known. To evaluate this, we used a novel transposase-based approach to create libraries of vectors that express structurally-related fragments of Bacillus subtilis adenylate kinase (BsAK) and Thermotoga neapolitana adenylate kinase (TnAK) with identical modifications at their termini, and we selected for variants in each library that complement the growth of Escherichia coli with a temperature-sensitive adenylate kinase (AK). Mutants created using the hyperthermophilic TnAK were found to support growth with a higher frequency (44%) than those generated from the mesophilic BsAK (6%), and selected TnAK mutants complemented E. coli growth more strongly than homologous BsAK variants. Sequencing of functional clones from each library also identified a greater dispersion of fragmentation sites within TnAK. Nondisruptive fission sites were observed within the AMP binding and core domains of both AK homologs. However, only TnAK contained sites within the lid domain, which undergoes dynamic fluctuations that are critical for catalysis. These findings implicate the flexible lid domain as having an increased sensitivity to fission events at physiological temperatures. In addition, they provide evidence that comparisons of nondisruptive fission sites in homologous proteins could be useful for finding dynamic regions whose conformational fluctuations are important for function, and they show that the discovery of protein fragments that cooperatively function in mesophiles can be aided by the use of thermophilic enzymes as starting points for protein design. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Protective effects of an ethanol extract of Angelica keiskei against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 and HepaRG cells

PubMed Central

Choi, Yoon-Hee; Lee, Hyun Sook; Chung, Cha-Kwon

2017-01-01

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Although Angelica keiskei (AK) has widely been utilized for the purpose of general health improvement among Asian, its functionality and mechanism of action. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of ethanol extract of AK (AK-Ex) on acute hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen (AAP) in HepG2 human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cells and HepaRG human hepatic progenitor cells. MATERIALS/METHODS AK-Ex was prepared HepG2 and HepaRG cells were cultured with various concentrations and 30 mM AAP. The protective effects of AK-Ex against AAP-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 and HepaRG cells were evaluated using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, flow cytometry, and Western blotting. RESULTS AK-Ex, when administered prior to AAP, increased cell growth and decreased leakage of LDH in a dose-dependent manner in HepG2 and HepaRG cells against AAP-induced hepatotoxicity. AK-Ex increased the level of Bcl-2 and decreased the levels of Bax, Bok and Bik decreased the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane in HepG2 cells intoxicated with AAP. AK-Ex decreased the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and the activation of caspase-9, -7, and -3. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that AK-Ex downregulates apoptosis via intrinsic and extrinsic pathways against AAP-induced hepatotoxicity. We suggest that AK could be a useful preventive agent against AAP-induced apoptosis in hepatocytes. PMID:28386382

Reticular dysgenesis–associated AK2 protects hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell development from oxidative stress

PubMed Central

Rissone, Alberto; Weinacht, Katja Gabriele; la Marca, Giancarlo; Bishop, Kevin; Giocaliere, Elisa; Jagadeesh, Jayashree; Felgentreff, Kerstin; Dobbs, Kerry; Al-Herz, Waleed; Jones, Marypat; Chandrasekharappa, Settara; Kirby, Martha; Wincovitch, Stephen; Simon, Karen Lyn; Itan, Yuval; DeVine, Alex; Schlaeger, Thorsten; Schambach, Axel; Sood, Raman

2015-01-01

Adenylate kinases (AKs) are phosphotransferases that regulate the cellular adenine nucleotide composition and play a critical role in the energy homeostasis of all tissues. The AK2 isoenzyme is expressed in the mitochondrial intermembrane space and is mutated in reticular dysgenesis (RD), a rare form of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) in humans. RD is characterized by a maturation arrest in the myeloid and lymphoid lineages, leading to early onset, recurrent, and overwhelming infections. To gain insight into the pathophysiology of RD, we studied the effects of AK2 deficiency using the zebrafish model and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from fibroblasts of an RD patient. In zebrafish, Ak2 deficiency affected hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) development with increased oxidative stress and apoptosis. AK2-deficient iPSCs recapitulated the characteristic myeloid maturation arrest at the promyelocyte stage and demonstrated an increased AMP/ADP ratio, indicative of an energy-depleted adenine nucleotide profile. Antioxidant treatment rescued the hematopoietic phenotypes in vivo in ak2 mutant zebrafish and restored differentiation of AK2-deficient iPSCs into mature granulocytes. Our results link hematopoietic cell fate in AK2 deficiency to cellular energy depletion and increased oxidative stress. This points to the potential use of antioxidants as a supportive therapeutic modality for patients with RD. PMID:26150473

Effects of aspartic acid and potassium chloride on arginine kinase from shrimp.

PubMed

Tang, Hong-min; Yang, Yin-ye; Zhang, Song-fu

2006-12-15

The aspartic acid (Asp)-induced unfolding and the salt-induced folding of arginine kinase (AK) were studied in terms of enzyme activity, intrinsic fluorescence emission spectra, 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS) fluorescence spectra and far-UV circular dichroism (CD) spectra. The results showed that Asp caused inactivation and unfolding of AK with no aggregation during AK denaturation. The unfolding of the whole molecule and the inactivation of AK in different Asp concentrations were compared. Much lower Asp concentration was required to induce inactivation than to produce significant conformational changes of the enzyme molecule. However, with further addition of Asp, the molar ellipticity at 222 and 208 nm, the wavelength shift and the emission intensity of ANS hardly changed. Asp denatured AK was reactivated by dilution. In addition, potassium chloride (KCl) induced the molten globule state with a compact structure after AK was denatured with 7.5 mM Asp. These results collectively elucidate the osmotic effect of Asp anions for the molten globule formed during unfolding process. They also suggest that the effect of Asp differed from that of other denaturants such as guanidine hydrochloride or urea during AK folding. The molten globule state indicates that intermediates exist during AK folding.

Consensus recommendations on the use of daylight photodynamic therapy with methyl aminolevulinate cream for actinic keratoses in Australia

PubMed Central

Shumack, Stephen; Murrell, Dedee F; Rubel, Diana M; Fernández‐Peñas, Pablo; Salmon, Robert; Hewitt, Daniel; Foley, Peter; Spelman, Lynda

2015-01-01

Abstract Australia has the highest prevalence of actinic keratoses (AK) worldwide. Because of the risk of transformation of AK to invasive squamous cell carcinomas, consensus guidelines recommend that AK are removed using appropriate therapies to prevent progression to invasive disease. Daylight photodynamic therapy (PDT) is emerging as an efficacious treatment for AK, particularly for patients who require treatment of large areas of chronic actinic damage that can be exposed easily to daylight. Daylight PDT with methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) cream is a simple treatment for AK, almost painless, well tolerated and convenient, requiring minimal time in the clinic. Randomised controlled studies from northern Europe and Australia support the use of daylight PDT as an effective therapy for grade I and II AK on the face and scalp. There is sufficient daylight to conduct daylight PDT in Australia at any time of the year and during most weather conditions. Hence, daylight PDT with MAL can be included as an effective and well‐tolerated new treatment option for the treatment of AK in Australia. These consensus recommendations provide guidelines for Australian clinicians on the use of daylight PDT in the treatment of diagnosed AK. PMID:26033230

High Level Expression and Purification of Recombinant Proteins from Escherichia coli with AK-TAG

PubMed Central

Luo, Dan; Wen, Caixia; Zhao, Rongchuan; Liu, Xinyu; Liu, Xinxin; Cui, Jingjing; Liang, Joshua G.; Liang, Peng

2016-01-01

Adenylate kinase (AK) from Escherichia coli was used as both solubility and affinity tag for recombinant protein production. When fused to the N-terminus of a target protein, an AK fusion protein could be expressed in soluble form and purified to near homogeneity in a single step from Blue-Sepherose via affinity elution with micromolar concentration of P1, P5- di (adenosine—5’) pentaphosphate (Ap5A), a transition-state substrate analog of AK. Unlike any other affinity tags, the level of a recombinant protein expression in soluble form and its yield of recovery during each purification step could be readily assessed by AK enzyme activity in near real time. Coupled to a His-Tag installed at the N-terminus and a thrombin cleavage site at the C terminus of AK, the streamlined method, here we dubbed AK-TAG, could also allow convenient expression and retrieval of a cleaved recombinant protein in high yield and purity via dual affinity purification steps. Thus AK-TAG is a new addition to the arsenal of existing affinity tags for recombinant protein expression and purification, and is particularly useful where soluble expression and high degree of purification are at stake. PMID:27214237

Immunohistochemical localisation of keratin and luminal epithelial antigen in myoepithelial and luminal epithelial cells of human mammary and salivary gland tumours.

PubMed

Nathrath, W B; Wilson, P D; Trejdosiewicz, L K

1982-01-01

Rabbit antisera to human 40-63 000 MW epidermal keratin, one batch with restricted distribution of reactivity from an initial (aK1) and one with "broad spectrum" distribution of reactivity from a late bleeding (aK), and to "luminal epithelial antigen" (aLEA) were applied to formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections of human normal and neoplastic mammary and salivary glands using an indirect immunoperoxidase method. aK1 reacted with myoepithelial cells, aLEA with luminal epithelial cells and aK with both cell types in normal mammary and salivary gland. In breast carcinomas the majority of intraluminal and infiltrating carcinoma cells reacted with aLEA but not with aK1 which reacted only with surrounding myoepithelial cells. aK reacted with both myoepithelial cells and with intraluminal and infiltrating tumour cells. In the salivary gland adenomas the majority of cells reacted with aK, and those cells arranged in a tubular fashion reacted with aLEA.

Software Engineering and Its Application to Avionics

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-01

34Automated Software Development Methodolgy (ASDM): An Architecture of a Knowledge-Based Expert System," Masters Thesis , Florida Atlantic University, Boca...operating system provides the control semnrim and aplication services within the miltiproossur system. Them processes timt aks up the application sofhwae...as a high-value target may no longer be occupied by the time the film is processed and analyzed. With the high mobility of today’s enemy forces

Colonisation of basal cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis by malignant melanoma in situ in a patient with xeroderma pigmentosum variant

PubMed Central

Smith, Louise J.; Husain, Ehab A.

2012-01-01

Although malignant melanoma (MM) and both basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and actinic keratosis (AK) are sun-induced lesions, the coexistence of these entities at the same anatomical site (collision tumour) is exceedingly rare. We report the case of a 54-year-old woman with a known history of xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XPV) who presented with 2 separate skin lesions over the middle and upper right forearm, respectively. The clinical impression was that of BCCs or squamous cell lesions. On histological examination, both specimens showed features of melanoma in situ (MIS). In the first lesion, MIS merged with and colonised a superficial and focally invasive BCC. In the second lesion, MIS merged with an AK. No separate invasive nests of malignant melanoma were seen in either specimen. The atypical melanocytes were highlighted by Melan-A and HMB-45 immunostaining, whereas the epithelial cells in both the BCC and AK stained with the pancytokeratin MNF-116. The patient had a previous history of multiple MMs and non-melanomatous skin cancers and finally developed widespread metastatic malignant melanoma, which proved fatal. The rare and interesting phenomenon of collision tumours may pose diagnostic difficulties. To our knowledge, this is the first reported simultaneous presentation of cytologically malignant collision tumours in a patient with XPV. PMID:24765446

Back-streaming ion beam measurements in a Self Magnetic Insulated (SMP) electron diode

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mazarakis, Michael; Johnston, Mark; Kiefer, Mark; Leckbee, Josh; Webb, Timothy; Bennett, Nichelle; Droemer, Darryl; Welch, Dale; Nielsen, Dan; Ziska, Derek; Wilkins, Frank; Advance radiography department Team

2014-10-01

A self-magnetic pinch diode (SMP) is presently the electron diode of choice for high energy flash x-ray radiography utilizing pulsed power drivers. The Sandia National Laboratories RITS accelerator is presently fit with an SMP diode that generates very small electron beam spots. RITS is a Self-Magnetically Insulated Transmission Line (MITL) voltage adder that adds the voltage pulse of six 1.3 MV inductively insulated cavities. The diode's anode is made of high Z metal in order to produce copious and energetic flash x-rays for radiographic imaging of high areal density objects. In any high voltage inductive voltage adder (IVA) utilizing MITLs to transmit the power to the diode load, the precise knowledge of the accelerating voltage applied on the anode-cathode (A-K) gap is problematic. This is even more difficult in an SMP diode where the A-K gap is very small (~1 cm) and the diode region very hostile. We are currently measuring the back-streaming ion currents emitted from the anode and propagating through a hollow cathode tip. We then are evaluating the A-K gap voltage by ion time of flight measurements supplemented with filtered Rogowski coils. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE- AC04-94AL850.

Increased number of mast cells in the dermis in actinic keratosis lesions effectively treated with imiquimod.

PubMed

Oyama, Satomi; Funasaka, Yoko; Tsuchiya, Shin-Ichi; Kawana, Seiji; Saeki, Hidehisa

2017-08-01

Actinic keratosis (AK) is a cutaneous cancer in situ which develops as a result of excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV). Toll-like receptor (TLR)7 agonist imiquimod is a topical immune response modifier and is effective for the treatment of non-melanoma skin cancers. Recently, the diagnostic role of the dermatoscope has been reported in the course of treatment of AK. In addition, mast cells are now considered to contribute to both the innate and adaptive immune systems in topical imiquimod therapy. We assessed the effect of imiquimod treatment by dermatoscopic and immunohistochemical findings in 14 patients with a total of 21 AK lesions. With the dermatoscope, though the mean erythema score was not significantly different between the cured lesions and the unresponsive lesions, the erythema/red pseudo-network ("strawberry") pattern was decreased significantly in the cured lesions. By immunohistochemistry, the number of Ki-67-positive proliferative cells in the epidermis was decreased and that of CD117-positive mast cells in the dermis was increased in the responding lesions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that the number of mast cells in the dermis was increased in AK lesions effectively treated with imiquimod. Our present result suggests that mast cells may contribute an antitumor effect in human skin treated with topical imiquimod. © 2017 Japanese Dermatological Association.

Assessment of the Accountability and Control of Arms, Ammunition, and Explosives (AA&E) Provided to the Security Forces of Afghanistan

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-11

Corps to verify weapons and ammunition accountability. It conducted a serial number inventory of 67 weapons, including ten M16 rifles, 40 AK47 ...11. Mossberg M590A1 pump 12 gauge Former Warsaw Pact Weapons (FWP) 1. AK47 rifle and variants ( AK47 , AK74, AMD65, VZ58, AKMS) 2. RPK light machine...recorded as EL 4910  AK47 : 30 counted o Serial No. IA0499 recorded as IA0489  VZ58: 90 counted o 2 weapons were in the wrong boxes

EIF2AK4 Mutations in Patients Diagnosed With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

PubMed

Best, D Hunter; Sumner, Kelli L; Smith, Benjamin P; Damjanovich-Colmenares, Kristy; Nakayama, Ikue; Brown, Lynette M; Ha, Youna; Paul, Eleri; Morris, Ashley; Jama, Mohamed A; Dodson, Mark W; Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar; Elliott, C Gregory

2017-04-01

Differentiating pulmonary venoocclusive disease (PVOD) and pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis (PCH) from idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) or heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) is important clinically. Mutations in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 4 (EIF2AK4) cause heritable PVOD and PCH, whereas mutations in other genes cause HPAH. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of pathogenic EIF2AK4 mutations in patients diagnosed clinically with IPAH or HPAH. Sanger sequencing and deletion/duplication analysis were performed to detect mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II (BMPR2) gene in 81 patients diagnosed at 30 North American medical centers with IPAH (n = 72) or HPAH (n = 9). BMPR2 mutation-negative patients (n = 67) were sequenced for mutations in four other genes (ACVRL1, ENG, CAV1, and KCNK3) known to cause HPAH. Patients negative for mutations in all known PAH genes (n = 66) were then sequenced for mutations in EIF2AK4. We assessed the pathogenicity of EIF2AK4 mutations and reviewed clinical characteristics of patients with pathogenic EIF2AK4 mutations. Pathogenic BMPR2 mutations were identified in 8 of 72 (11.1%) patients with IPAH and 6 of 9 (66.7%) patients with HPAH. A novel homozygous EIF2AK4 mutation (c.257+4A>C) was identified in 1 of 9 (11.1%) patients diagnosed with HPAH. The novel EIF2AK4 mutation (c.257+4A>C) was homozygous in two sisters with severe pulmonary hypertension. None of the 72 patients with IPAH had biallelic EIF2AK4 mutations. Pathogenic biallelic EIF2AK4 mutations are rarely identified in patients diagnosed with HPAH. Identification of pathogenic biallelic EIF2AK4 mutations can aid clinicians in differentiating HPAH from heritable PVOD or PCH. Copyright © 2016 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Non-ablative fractional resurfacing in combination with topical tretinoin cream as a field treatment modality for multiple actinic keratosis: a pilot study and a review of other field treatment modalities.

PubMed

Prens, Sebastiaan P; de Vries, Karin; Neumann, H A Martino; Prens, Errol P

2013-06-01

Actinic keratoses (AK) are premalignant lesions occurring mainly in sun-damaged skin. Current topical treatment options for AK and photo-damaged skin such as liquid nitrogen and electrosurgery are not suitable for field treatment. Otherwise, therapies suitable for field treatment bring along considerable patient discomfort. Non-ablative fractional resurfacing has emerged as a logical treatment option especially for field treatment of AK. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of fractional laser therapy for clearing AK and improving skin quality. To compare patient friendliness of the "fractional" therapy with those reported for other field treatment modalities. Ten patients with Fitzpatrick skin type I to III with multiple AK and extensive sun-damaged skin, received 5-10 sessions with a 4-week interval using a 1550 nm Erbium-Glass Fractionated laser (Sellas, Korea). Four weeks and 24 weeks after the last treatment the clinical results were evaluated by an independent physician. The mean degree of improvement, in terms of reduction in the number of AK and improvement of skin texture, was 54% on a 4 point PGA scale, and persisted for approximately 6 months. The biggest advantage of fractional laser treatment, besides the eradication of AK and a clear rejuvenation effect, is the absence of "downtime". Fractional non-ablative resurfacing induces significant reduction in the number of AK and improves the skin quality. Also all patients preferred fractional laser therapy above other AK treatment modalities.

39 CFR Appendix A to Part 121 - Tables Depicting Service Standard Day Ranges

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... (Days) Alaska Hawaii, Guam, & American Samoa Puerto Rico & USVI Periodicals 1 1-3 1 1-3 1-4 (AK)11 (JNU... 2-3 12 11 11 AK = Alaska 3-digit ZIP Codes 995-997; JNU = Juneau AK 3-digit ZIP Code 998; KTN = Ketchikan AK 3-digit ZIP Code 999; HI = Hawaii 3-digit ZIP Codes 967 and 968; GU = Guam 3-digit ZIP Code 969...

Cost for the treatment of actinic keratosis on the rise in Australia

PubMed Central

Perera, Eshini; McGuigan, Sean; Sinclair, Rodney

2014-01-01

Objectives: To report the burden and cost of actinic keratosis (AK) treatment in Australia and to forecast the number of AK treatments and the associated costs to 2020. Design and setting: A retrospective study of data obtained from medicare Australia for AK treated by cryotherapy between 1 January 1994 and 31 December 2012, by year and by state or territory. Results: The total number of AK cryotherapy treatments increased from 247,515 in 1994 to 643,622 in 2012, and we estimate that the number of treatments will increase to 831,952 (95% CI 676,919 to 986,987) by 2020. The total Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) benefits paid out for AK in 2012 was $19.6 million and we forecast that this will increase to $24.7 million by 2020 (without inflation). Conclusion: The number of AK cryotherapy treatments increased by 160% between 1994 and 2012. we forecast that the number of treatments will increase by 30% between 2012 and 2020. The rates of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and AK appear to be increasing at the same rate. During the period 2010 to 2015 AK is anticipated to increase by 17.8% which follows a similar trend to published data that forecasts an increase in NMSC treatments of 22.3%. PMID:25309734

Clinical forms of actinic keratosis and levels of dysplasia of the epidermis.

PubMed

Oshyvalova, Olena O; Kaliuzhna, Lydia D; Kropelnytskyi, Vladislav O

Introduction: Actinic keratosis (AK) is precancerous skin lesion that occurs in the sun-exposedskin areas characterized by local intraepidermal dysplasia of different severity (KIN I, KIN II and KIN III). The aim of this research was to study distribution patterns and morphological features of AK histological types. Materials and Methods: The study included skin biopsy material from 68 patients with different clinical forms of AK. The diagnosis of AK was histologically confirmed in 100% of cases. Results: There were 63.21% of men and 36.8% of women among all patients with AK. The average age of patients was 73.3 ± 8.3.The most common clinico-histological forms of actinic keratosis were typical (41.2%), hypertrophic (16.2%), atrophic (14.7%) and pigmentary (11.7%), bowenoid (8.8%), acantholytic (7.4%). Among the rate of epidermal dysplasia there diagnosed cases of KIN І (50%), KIN ІІ (36.8%) and KIN III (13.2%). Conclusions: It was found a direct correlation between KIN I and typical and pigment forms of AK, KIN II and hypertrophic and bowenoid forms of AK.

Acanthamoeba keratitis: study of the 5-year incidence in Israel.

PubMed

Graffi, Shmuel; Peretz, Avi; Jabaly, Haneen; Koiefman, Anna; Naftali, Modi

2013-11-01

Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is not a notifiable disease in Israel, so there are no accurate incidence rates for this condition in Israel. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of AK in Israel for the years 2008-2012. We distributed a survey questionnaire to laboratory managers in Israel. The laboratories were affiliated to medical institutes that either provided ophthalmology services or served community ophthalmology clinics. Our questionnaire requested survey respondents to provide information regarding the methods used to diagnose AK, and the number of positive and negative cultures for Acanthamoebae species performed for each of the years from 2008 to 2012. Six laboratories used non-nutrient agar with Escherichia coli as the culture medium, one used calcofluor-white staining with fluorescent microscopy, and two used PCR for diagnosing AK. Twenty-three AK cases were identified, to give an estimated incidence of 1/1 668 552. AK is mostly attributable to the use of contact lenses. As contact lenses are popular in Israel, we expected a higher incidence rate. A lower than expected incidence rate may indicate insufficient awareness of AK in Israel.

Sebaceous carcinoma in association with actinic keratosis: A report of two cases with an immunohistochemical study.

PubMed

Misago, Noriyuki; Kuwashiro, Maki; Tsuruta, Noriko; Narisawa, Yutaka

2015-06-01

We report two cases of sebaceous carcinoma associated with actinic keratosis (AK) with an immunohistochemical study, which suggests the possibility that sebaceous carcinoma really does develop within AK. Case 1 had sebaceous carcinoma arising within the atrophic type AK and case 2 had sebaceous carcinoma associated with bowenoid AK in the periphery and some parts of the overlying epidermis of the lesion. © 2015 Japanese Dermatological Association.

Crystal structure of a β-fructofuranosidase with high transfructosylation activity from Aspergillus kawachii.

PubMed

Nagaya, Mika; Kimura, Miyoko; Gozu, Yoshifumi; Sato, Shona; Hirano, Katsuaki; Tochio, Takumi; Nishikawa, Atsushi; Tonozuka, Takashi

2017-09-01

β-Fructofuranosidases belonging to glycoside hydrolase family (GH) 32 are enzymes that hydrolyze sucrose. Some GH32 enzymes also catalyze transfructosylation to produce fructooligosaccharides. We found that Aspergillus kawachii IFO 4308 β-fructofuranosidase (AkFFase) produces fructooligosaccharides, mainly 1-kestose, from sucrose. We determined the crystal structure of AkFFase. AkFFase is composed of an N-terminal small component, a β-propeller catalytic domain, an α-helical linker, and a C-terminal β-sandwich, similar to other GH32 enzymes. AkFFase forms a dimer, and the dimerization pattern is different from those of other oligomeric GH32 enzymes. The complex structure of AkFFase with fructose unexpectedly showed that fructose binds both subsites -1 and +1, despite the fact that the catalytic residues were not mutated. Fructose at subsite +1 interacts with Ile146 and Glu296 of AkFFase via direct hydrogen bonds.

An extension of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer model of superconductivity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maćkowiak, J.; Tarasewicz, P.

An extension of the BCS Hamiltonian of HBCS, the form H= HBCS+ W+ V, where W=∑ kγknk+ nk-, V=-| Λ| -1∑ k, k‧ gk, k‧ bk* b- k* b- k‧ bk‧ , nkσ = akσ * akσ , bk= ak+ ak- and akσ *, akσ are fermion creation and annihilation operators, is investigated. It is shown that H represents a solvable mean-field model in the thermodynamic limit. H exhibits a 2nd-order phase transition if W is sufficiently strongly attractive and the low-temperature phase, characterized by two order parameters, contains two condensates: a condensate of BCS-type fermion pairs and a condensate of fermion quadruples with momenta and spins ( p, σ) equal {( p, σ),(- p, σ), ( p,- σ), (- p,- σ)}. If γk<0, a pseudogap is present in the excitation spectrum in the normal phase.

78 FR 19195 - RH International, LLC, 2531 West Maryland Avenue, Tampa, FL 33629, Respondent, Mohammad Reza (a/k...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-29

... Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701, et seq. (2006 & Supp. IV 2010)) (``IEEPA''). Specifically, RH... Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701-1706); 18 U.S.C. 793, 794 or 798; section 4(b) of the Internal Security... knowledge or reason to know that the item will be, or is intended to be, exported from the United States; or...

Neoplastic Multifocal Skin Lesions: Biology, Etiology, and Targeted Therapies for Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers.

PubMed

Fernandes, Ana R; Santos, Ana C; Sanchez-Lopez, Elena; Kovačević, Andjekla B; Espina, Marta; Calpena, Ana C; Veiga, Francisco J; Garcia, Maria L; Souto, Eliana B

2018-01-01

Neoplastic skin lesions are multifocal, diffuse skin infiltrations of particular relevance in the differential diagnosis of ulcerative, nodular, or crusting skin lesions. Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), namely, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and also actinic keratosis (AK), are the most common malignant tumors in humans. BCCs do not proliferate rapidly and most of the times do not metastasize, while SCCs are more infiltrative, metastatic, and destructive. AKs are precursor lesions of cutaneous SCCs. The classical therapy of NMSCs makes use of photodynamic therapy associated with chemotherapeutics. With improved understanding of the pathological mechanisms of tumor initiation, progression, and differentiation, a case is made towards the use of targeted chemotherapy with the intent to reduce the cytotoxicity of classical treatments. The present review aims to describe the current state of the art on the knowledge of NMSC, including its risks factors, oncogenes, and skin carcinogenesis, discussing the classical therapy against new therapeutic options. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.

An energy landscape approach to protein aggregation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buell, Alexander; Knowles, Tuomas

2012-02-01

Protein aggregation into ordered fibrillar structures is the hallmark of a class of diseases, the most prominent examples of which are Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Recent results (e.g. Baldwin et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011) suggest that the aggregated state of a protein is in many cases thermodynamically more stable than the soluble state. Therefore the solubility of proteins in a cellular context appears to be to a large extent under kinetic control. Here, we first present a conceptual framework for the description of protein aggregation ( see AK Buell et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 2010) that is an extension to the generally accepted energy landscape model for protein folding. Then we apply this model to analyse and interpret a large set of experimental data on the kinetics of protein aggregation, acquired mainly with a novel biosensing approach (see TPJK Knowles et al, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sc. 2007). We show how for example the effect of sequence modifications on the kinetics and thermodynamics of human lysozyme aggregation can be understood and quantified (see AK Buell et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011). These results have important implications for therapeutic strategies against protein aggregation disorders, in this case lysozyme systemic amyloidosis.

75 FR 77572 - Proposed Revision of Class E Airspace; Platinum AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-13

... proposes to revise Class E airspace at Platinum AK. The creation of a new Standard Instrument Approach... Platinum Airport, in Platinum, AK, to accommodate the creation of a new SIAP at the Platinum Airport. This...

Decolorization of sulfonated azo dye Metanil Yellow by newly isolated bacterial strains: Bacillus sp. strain AK1 and Lysinibacillus sp. strain AK2.

PubMed

Anjaneya, O; Souche, S Yogesh; Santoshkumar, M; Karegoudar, T B

2011-06-15

Two different bacterial strains capable of decolorizing a highly water soluble azo dye Metanil Yellow were isolated from dye contaminated soil sample collected from Atul Dyeing Industry, Bellary, India. The individual bacterial strains Bacillus sp. AK1 and Lysinibacillus sp. AK2 decolorized Metanil Yellow (200 mg L(-1)) completely within 27 and 12h respectively. Various parameters like pH, temperature, NaCl and initial dye concentrations were optimized to develop an economically feasible decolorization process. The maximum concentration of Metanil Yellow (1000 mg L(-1)) was decolorized by strains AK2 and AK1 within 78 and 84 h respectively. These strains could decolorize Metanil Yellow over a broad pH range 5.5-9.0; the optimum pH was 7.2. The decolorization of Metanil Yellow was most efficient at 40°C and confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, TLC, HPLC and GC/MS analysis. Further, both the strains showed the involvement of azoreductase in the decolorization process. Phytotoxicity studies of catabolic products of Metanil Yellow on the seeds of chick pea and pigeon pea revealed much reduction in the toxicity of metabolites as compared to the parent dye. These results indicating the effectiveness of strains AK1 and AK2 for the treatment of textile effluents containing azo dyes. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Contribution of the backstreaming ions to the Self-Magnetic pinch (SMP) diode current

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mazarakis, Michael G.; Cuneo, Michael E.; Fournier, Sean D.

2016-08-08

Summary form only given. The results presented here were obtained with an SMP diode mounted at the front high voltage end of the RITS accelerator. RITS is a Self-Magnetically Insulated Transmission Line (MITL) voltage adder that adds the voltage pulses of six 1.3 MV inductively insulated cavities. Our experiments had two objectives: first to measure the contribution of the back-streaming ion currents emitted from the anode target to the diode beam current, and second to try to evaluate the energy of those ions and hence the actual Anode-Cathode (A-K) gap actual voltage. In any very high voltage inductive voltage addermore » (IVA) utilizing MITLs to transmit the power to the diode load, the precise knowledge of the accelerating voltage applied on the anode-cathode (A-K) gap is problematic. The accelerating voltage quoted in the literature is from estimates based on measurements of the anode and cathode currents of the MITL far upstream from the diode and utilizing the para-potential flow theories and inductive corrections. Thus it would be interesting to have another independent measurement to evaluate the A-K voltage. The diode's anode is made of a number of high Z metals in order to produce copious and energetic flash x-rays. The backstreaming currents are a strong fraction of the anode materials and their stage of cleanness and gas adsorption. We have measured the back-streaming ion currents emitted from the anode and propagating through a hollow cathode tip for various diode configurations and different techniques of target cleaning treatments, such as heating to very high temperatures with DC and pulsed current, with RF plasma cleaning and with both plasma cleaning and heating. Finally, we have also evaluated the A-K gap voltage by ion filtering techniques.« less

Complexes of yeast adenylate kinase and nucleotides investigated by sup 1 H NMR

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vetter, I.R.; Konrad, M.; Rosch, P.

1991-04-30

The role of one of the histidine residues present in many adenylate kinases (H36 in the porcine cytosolic enzyme) is highly disputed. The authors studied the yeast enzyme (AK{sub ye}) containing this His residue. AK{sub ye} is highly homologous to the Escherichia coli enzyme (AK{sub ec}), a protein that is already well characterized by NMR and does not contain the His residue in question. In addition, discrepancies between solution structural and X-ray crystallographic studies on the location of the nucleotide binding sites of adenylate kinases are clarified. One- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to investigate AK{submore » ye} and its complex with the bisubstrate analogue P{sup 1},P{sup 5}-bis(5{prime}-adenosyl)pentaphosphate (AP{sub 5}A). From these studies, all aromatic residues of AK{sub ec} involved in the binding of ATP{center dot}Mg{sup 2+} have functional analogues in AK{sub ye}. The AMP site seems to make no contacts to aromatic side chains, neither in the AK{sub ye}{center dot}AP{sub 5}A{center dot}Mg{sup 2+} nor in the AK{sub ec}{center dot}AP{sub 5}A{center dot}Mg{sup 2+} complexes, so that it is presently not possible to localize this binding site by NMR. In combination with the recent X-ray results on the AP{sub 5}A complexes AK{sub ye} and AK{sub ec} and the GMP complex of guanylate kinase the latter one leading to the definition of the monophosphate site, the problem of the location of the nucleotide sites can be considered to be solved in a way contradicting earlier work and denying the His residue homologous to H36 in porcine adenylate kinase a direct role in substrate binding.« less

Status and Trends of Sea Otter Populations in Southeast Alaska, 1969-2003

USGS Publications Warehouse

Esslinger, George G.; Bodkin, James L.

2009-01-01

Aerial surveys of all known sea otter (Enhydra lutris) habitat in Southeast Alaska (SE AK) in 2002-2003 indicated a population size of 8,949 otters [Standard Error (SE) = 899] at an average density of 0.92 otters per square kilometer. These findings on sea otter distribution and abundance were compared to results from several previous surveys. Sea otters have expanded their range beyond the outer coast of SE AK and currently occupy inside waters such as Glacier Bay and Sumner Strait. This range expansion, along with archeological evidence, supports the hypothesis that sea otters are capable of colonizing inside waters in SE AK. Inside Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, in northern SE AK, sea otter abundance has increased from 5 in 1995 to 1,266 (SE = 196) in 2002, more than doubling on an average annual basis, indicating immigration and reproduction as factors contributing to population growth. In the remainder of northern SE AK, the estimated abundance has declined from 2,295 in 1987 to 1,838 (SE = 307) in 2002. In southern SE AK, the abundance of sea otters increased from 2,167 in 1988 to 5,845 (SE = 821) in 2003. Overall, population growth rates for sea otters in SE AK between 1987 and 2003 are much lower than rates from previous studies and were unexpected given the amount of unoccupied habitat available in SE AK. Divergent population trajectories were evident between the southern (6.6 percent per year) and northern areas of SE AK (2.0 percent per year). These differences suggest variation in reproductive or survival rates between the areas. Harvest levels between 1989 and 2003 may have had a measurable effect on sea otter populations in SE AK. Available data on age and sex specific fecundity and survival rates could be used to develop age- and sex-structured population matrix models to help guide management and conservation of sea otter populations.

Deceleration of arginine kinase refolding by induced helical structures.

PubMed

Li, Hai-Long; Zhou, Sheng-Mei; Park, Daeui; Jeong, Hyoung Oh; Chung, Hae Young; Yang, Jun-Mo; Meng, Fan-Guo; Hu, Wei-Jiang

2012-04-01

Arginine kinase (AK) is a key metabolic enzyme for keeping energy balance in invertebrates. Therefore, regulation of the enzymatic activity and the folding studies of AK from the various invertebrates have been the focus of investigation. We studied the effects of helical structures by using hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) on AK folding. Folding kinetic studies showed that the folding rates of the urea-denatured AKs were significantly decelerated after being induced in various concentrations of HFIP. AK lost its activity completely at concentrations greater than 60%. The results indicated that the HFIP-induced helical structures in the denatured state play a negative role in protein folding, and the helical structures induced in 5% (v/v) HFIP act as the most effective barrier against AK taking its native structure. The computational docking simulations (binding energies for -2.19 kcal/mol for AutoDock4.2 and -20.47 kcal/mol for Dock6.3) suggested that HFIP interacts with the several important residues that are predicted by both programs. The excessively pre-organized helical structures not only hampered the folding process, but also ultimately brought about changes in the three-dimensional conformation and biological function of AK.

39 CFR Appendix A to Part 121 - Tables Depicting Service Standard Day Ranges

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 1-3 (AK)7 (JNU) 7 (KTN) 1 (HI)7 (GU) 1-2 1-2 6-7 5-6 Standard Mail 2 3 3 3-4 10 10 9 Package Services 1 2 2 2-3 8 8 7 AK = Alaska 3-digit ZIP Codes 995-997; JNU = Juneau AK 3-digit ZIP Code 998; KTN = Ketchikan AK 3-digit ZIP Code 999; HI = Hawaii 3-digit ZIP Codes 967 and 968; GU = Guam 3-digit ZIP Code 969...

39 CFR Appendix A to Part 121 - Tables Depicting Service Standard Day Ranges

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... & USVI Periodicals 1 1-3 1 1-3 1-4 (AK) 11 (JNU) 11 (KTN) 1 (HI) 2 (GU) 1-4 10-11 10 8-10 Standard Mail 2 3 3-4 3-4 14 13 12 Package Services 1 2 2-3 2-3 12 11 11 AK = Alaska 3-digit ZIP Codes 995-997; JNU = Juneau AK 3-digit ZIP Code 998; KTN = Ketchikan AK 3-digit ZIP Code 999; HI = Hawaii 3-digit ZIP Codes...

39 CFR Appendix A to Part 121 - Tables Depicting Service Standard Day Ranges

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 1-3 (AK)7 (JNU) 7 (KTN) 1 (HI)7 (GU) 1-2 1-2 6-7 5-6 Standard Mail 2 3 3 3-4 10 10 9 Package Services 1 2 2 2-3 8 8 7 AK = Alaska 3-digit ZIP Codes 995-997; JNU = Juneau AK 3-digit ZIP Code 998; KTN = Ketchikan AK 3-digit ZIP Code 999; HI = Hawaii 3-digit ZIP Codes 967 and 968; GU = Guam 3-digit ZIP Code 969...

39 CFR Appendix A to Part 121 - Tables Depicting Service Standard Day Ranges

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... & USVI Periodicals 1 1-3 1 1-3 1-4 (AK) 11 (JNU) 11 (KTN) 1 (HI) 2 (GU) 1-4 10-11 10 8-10 Standard Mail 2 3 3-4 3-4 14 13 12 Package Services 1 2 2-3 2-3 12 11 11 AK = Alaska 3-digit ZIP Codes 995-997; JNU = Juneau AK 3-digit ZIP Code 998; KTN = Ketchikan AK 3-digit ZIP Code 999; HI = Hawaii 3-digit ZIP Codes...

Prevalence of actinic keratosis among dermatology outpatients in Spain.

PubMed

Ferrándiz, C; Plazas, M J; Sabaté, M; Palomino, R

2016-10-01

Actinic keratoses (AKs) are common skin lesions associated with an increased risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma. Few studies in Europe have focused on AK prevalence. To determine the point prevalence of AKs in a dermatology outpatient population in Spain, to describe the clinical characteristics of these lesions and to characterise the profile of AK patients. Observational, cross-sectional, multicentre study conducted in 19 hospitals (dermatology outpatient services) around Spain. A total of 204 consecutive patients per hospital who were ≥45 years old were screened for the presence of AKs. 3877 patients were assessed and the overall AKs prevalence was 28.6%. Prevalence was significantly higher in men than women (38.4% vs. 20.8%, p<0.0001) and increased with age for both sexes (45.2% in 71-80 years). Scalp and ear lesion locations were significantly more frequent in men (51.9% vs. 2.7% and 16.9% vs. 2.4%, respectively, p<0.0001 both cases) and the cheek, nose and neckline in women (46.3% vs. 34.0% [p<0.0001], 43.0% vs. 24.8% [p<0.0001] and 5.3% vs. 1.8% [p=0.002]). Men showed a significantly higher frequency of ≥2 affected areas than women (42.7% vs. 20.3%, p<0.0001). Among patients with AK lesions, only 65% confirmed that they were the reason for the visit to the clinic. Approximately a quarter of the dermatology outpatient population in Spain aged ≥45 years old have AKs, with the prevalence rate being highest in men and in older age groups. AK is underdiagnosed and a proactive strategy is needed for the diagnosis and early treatment of these lesions. Copyright © 2016 AEDV. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Metagenomes of complex microbial consortia derived from different soils as sources for novel genes conferring formation of carbonyls from short-chain polyols on Escherichia coli.

PubMed

Knietsch, Anja; Waschkowitz, Tanja; Bowien, Susanne; Henne, Anke; Daniel, Rolf

2003-01-01

Metagenomic DNA libraries from three different soil samples (meadow, sugar beet field, cropland) were constructed. The three unamplified libraries comprised approximately 1267000 independent clones and harbored approximately 4.05 Gbp of environmental DNA. Approximately 300000 recombinant Escherichia coli strains of each library per test substrate were screened for the production of carbonyls from short-chain (C2 to C4) polyols such as 1,2-ethanediol, 2,3-butanediol, and a mixture of glycerol and 1,2-propanediol on indicator agar. Twenty-four positive E. COLI clones were obtained during the initial screen. Fifteen of them contained recombinant plasmids, designated pAK201-215, which conferred a stable carbonyl-forming phenotype on E. coli Sequencing revealed that the inserts of pAK201-215 encoded 26 complete and 14 incomplete predicted protein-encoding genes. Most of these genes were similar to genes with unknown functions from other microorganisms or unrelated to any other known gene. The further analysis was focused on the 7 plasmids (pAK204, pAK206, pAK208, and pAK210-213) recovered from the positive clones, which exhibited an NAD(H)-dependent alcohol oxidoreductase activity with polyols or the correlating carbonyls as substrates in crude extracts. Three genes (ORF6, ORF24, and ORF25) conferring this activity were identified during subcloning of the inserts of pAK204, pAK211, and pAK212. The sequences of the three deduced gene products revealed no significant similarities to known alcohol oxidoreductases, but contained putative glycine-rich regions, which are characteristic for binding of nicotinamide cofactors. Copyright 2003 S. Karger AG, Basel

Near-Infrared Imaging for Spatial Mapping of Organic Content in Petroleum Source Rocks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mehmani, Y.; Burnham, A. K.; Vanden Berg, M. D.; Tchelepi, H.

2017-12-01

Natural gas from unconventional petroleum source rocks (shales) plays a key role in our transition towards sustainable low-carbon energy production. The potential for carbon storage (in adsorbed state) in these formations further aligns with efforts to mitigate climate change. Optimizing production and development from these resources requires knowledge of the hydro-thermo-mechanical properties of the rock, which are often strong functions of organic content. This work demonstrates the potential of near-infrared (NIR) spectral imaging in mapping the spatial distribution of organic content with O(100µm) resolution on cores that can span several hundred feet in depth (Mehmani et al., 2017). We validate our approach for the immature oil shale of the Green River Formation (GRF), USA, and show its applicability potential in other formations. The method is a generalization of a previously developed optical approach specialized to the GRF (Mehmani et al., 2016a). The implications of this work for spatial mapping of hydro-thermo-mechanical properties of excavated cores, in particular thermal conductivity, are discussed (Mehmani et al., 2016b). References:Mehmani, Y., A.K. Burnham, M.D. Vanden Berg, H. Tchelepi, "Quantification of organic content in shales via near-infrared imaging: Green River Formation." Fuel, (2017). Mehmani, Y., A.K. Burnham, M.D. Vanden Berg, F. Gelin, and H. Tchelepi. "Quantification of kerogen content in organic-rich shales from optical photographs." Fuel, (2016a). Mehmani, Y., A.K. Burnham, H. Tchelepi, "From optics to upscaled thermal conductivity: Green River oil shale." Fuel, (2016b).

Swiss clinical practice guidelines on field cancerization of the skin.

PubMed

Hofbauer, Günther; Anliker, Mark; Boehncke, Wolf-Henning; Brand, Christoph; Braun, Ralph; Gaide, Olivier; Hafner, Jürg; Hunger, Robert; Itin, Peter; Kaeuper, Gina; Lautenschlager, Stephan; Mainetti, Carlo; Streit, Markus

2014-01-01

Actinic keratosis (AK) affects millions of people worldwide, and its prevalence continues to increase. AK lesions are caused by chronic ultraviolet radiation exposure, and the presence of two or more AK lesions along with photodamage should raise the consideration of a diagnosis of field cancerization. Effective treatment of individual lesions as well as field cancerization is essential for good long-term outcomes. The Swiss Registry of Actinic Keratosis Treatment (REAKT) Working Group has developed clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of field cancerization in patients who present with AK. These guidelines are intended to serve as a resource for physicians as to the most appropriate treatment and management of AK and field cancerization based on current evidence and the combined practical experience of the authors. Treatment of AK and field cancerization should be driven by consideration of relevant patient, disease, and treatment factors, and appropriate treatment decisions will differ from patient to patient. Prevention measures and screening recommendations are discussed, and special considerations related to management of immunocompromised patients are provided.

Biocatalytic Desulfurization Capabilities of a Mixed Culture during Non-Destructive Utilization of Recalcitrant Organosulfur Compounds

PubMed Central

Ismail, Wael; El-Sayed, Wael S.; Abdul Raheem, Abdul Salam; Mohamed, Magdy E.; El Nayal, Ashraf M.

2016-01-01

We investigated the biodesulfurization potential of a mixed culture AK6 enriched from petroleum hydrocarbons-polluted soil with dibenzothiophene (DBT) as a sulfur source. In addition to DBT, AK6 utilized the following compounds as sulfur sources: 4-methyldibenzothiophene (4-MDBT), benzothiophene (BT), and 4,6- dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DM-DBT). None of these compounds supported the growth of AK6 as the sole carbon and sulfur source. AK6 could not grow on dibenzylsulfide (DBS) as a sulfur source. The AK6 community structure changed according to the provided sulfur source. The major DGGE bands represented members of the genera Sphingobacterium, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Arthrobacter, Mycobacterium, and Rhodococcus. Sphingobacterium sp. and Pseudomonas sp. were abundant across all cultures utilizing any of the tested thiophenic S-compounds. Mycobacterium/Rhodococcus spp. were restricted to the 4-MDBT culture. The 4-MDBT culture had the highest species richness and diversity. Biodesulfurization of DBT by resting cells of AK6 produced 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-HBP) in addition to trace amounts of phenylacetate. AK6 transformed DBT to 2-hydroxybiphenyl with a specific activity of 9 ± 0.6 μM 2-HBP g dry cell weight−1 h−1. PCR confirmed the presence in the AK6 community of the sulfur-specific (4S) pathway genes dszB and dszC. Mixed cultures hold a better potential than axenic ones for the development of a biodesulfurization technology. PMID:26973637

76 FR 43824 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Talkeetna, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-22

... Talkeetna, AK, to accommodate the amendment of four Standard Instrument Approach Procedures and the Obstacle Departure Procedure at Talkeetna Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance safety and management of... at the Talkeetna Airport, Talkeetna, AK, to accommodate four amended standard instrument approach...

Find a Dermatologic Surgeon

MedlinePlus

... class="button-learn-more"> State AL AK AZ AR CA CO CT DE DC FL GA HI ... 250 Miles Locality City: State: AB AK AL AR AZ BC CA CO CT DC DE FL ... clicking on the procedure name. State AK AL AR AZ CA CO CT DC DE FL GA ...

40 CFR Appendixes A-K to Part 51 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] A Appendixes A-K to Part 51 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS REQUIREMENTS FOR PREPARATION, ADOPTION, AND SUBMITTAL OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Appendixes A-K to Part 51 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR Appendixes A-K to Part 51 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false [Reserved] A Appendixes A-K to Part 51 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS REQUIREMENTS FOR PREPARATION, ADOPTION, AND SUBMITTAL OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Appendixes A-K to Part 51 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR Appendixes A-K to Part 51 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false [Reserved] A Appendixes A-K to Part 51 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS REQUIREMENTS FOR PREPARATION, ADOPTION, AND SUBMITTAL OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Appendixes A-K to Part 51 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR Appendixes A-K to Part 51 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] A Appendixes A-K to Part 51 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS REQUIREMENTS FOR PREPARATION, ADOPTION, AND SUBMITTAL OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Appendixes A-K to Part 51 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR Appendixes A-K to Part 51 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] A Appendixes A-K to Part 51 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS REQUIREMENTS FOR PREPARATION, ADOPTION, AND SUBMITTAL OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Appendixes A-K to Part 51 [Reserved] ...

Variation in the Cost of Managing Actinic Keratosis

PubMed Central

Gregory, Tanner; Liu, Guodong; Leslie, Douglas L.; Miller, Jeffrey J.

2017-01-01

Importance Actinic keratosis (AK), a skin growth induced by ultraviolet light exposure, requires chronic management because a small proportion can progress into squamous cell skin cancer. Spending for AK management was more than $1 billion in 2004. Investigating geographic variation in AK spending presents an opportunity to decrease waste or recoup excess spending. Objective To evaluate geographic variation in health care cost for management of AKs and the association with patient-related and health-related factors. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study was performed using data from the MarketScan medical claims database of 488 324 continuously enrolled members with 2 or more claims for AK. Data from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2012, was used. Main Outcomes and Measures Annual costs of care were calculated for outpatient visits, AK destruction, and medications for AKs, and the total of these components. Costs were adjusted for inflation to 2014 US dollars. To display cost variation, we calculated the ratio of mean cost in the highest quintile (Q5) relative to the mean in the lowest quintile (Q1), or the Q5:Q1 ratio; Q5:Q1 ratios were adjusted based on age, sex, history of nonmelanoma skin cancer, US geographic region, and population density (metropolitan statistical area). Results Overall, data from 488 324 continuously enrolled members (mean [SD] age, 53.1 [7.5] years; 243 662 women) with 2 or more claims for AK were included. Overall, patients had 1 085 985 claims related to AK, and dermatologists accounted for 71.0% of claims. The 2-year total cost was $111.5 million, with $52.4 million in 2011 and $59.1 million in 2012. The unadjusted Q5:Q1 ratios for total annual cost per patient ranged from 9.49 to 15.10. Adjusted ratios ranged from 1.72 to 1.80. Conclusions and Relevance There is variation in AK management cost within and between regions. This is not fully explained by differences in patient characteristics such as age, sex, or comorbidities. The annual cost for 10 common conditions from Medicare had lower Q5:Q1 ratios that ranged from 1.33 (joint degeneration of back/neck) to 1.69 (chronic sinusitis) when compared with 1.72 to 1.80 for AKs. This suggests an opportunity to investigate and improve the value of health care delivery in the management of AKs. PMID:28249074

Threonine-Insensitive Homoserine Dehydrogenase From Soybean: Genomic Organization, Kinetic Mechanism, and In vivo Activity

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Aspartate kinase (AK) and homoserine dehydrogenase (HSD) functions as key regulatory enzymes at branch points in the aspartate amino acid pathway and are feedback inhibited by threonine. In plants, the biochemical properties of AK and bifunctional AK-HSD enzymes have been characterized, but the mol...

De Novo Genome Project for the Aromatic Degrader Rhodococcus pyridinivorans Strain AK37

PubMed Central

Kriszt, Balázs; Táncsics, András; Cserháti, Mátyás; Tóth, Ákos; Nagy, István; Horváth, Balázs; Nagy, István; Tamura, Tomohiro; Szoboszlay, Sándor

2012-01-01

Here, we present the complete genome sequence of Rhodococcus pyridinivorans AK37 strain NCAIM PB1376, which was isolated from an oil-polluted site in Hungary. R. pyridinivorans AK37 is an aerobic, nonsporulating, nonmotile, Gram-positive bacterium with remarkable aromatic-decomposing activity. PMID:22328750

78 FR 70018 - North Pacific Fishery Management Council; Public Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-22

... Pacific Fishery Management Council (Council) Charter Implementation Committee will meet in Anchorage, AK... be held at the Council office, 605 W. 4th Avenue, Room 205, Anchorage, AK. Council address: North Pacific Fishery Management Council, 605 W. 4th Ave., Suite 306, Anchorage, AK 99501-2252. FOR FURTHER...

75 FR 69632 - North Pacific Fishery Management Council; Public Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-15

... public meetings, December 6-14, 2010, in Anchorage, AK. DATES: The Council will begin its plenary session... at the Hilton Hotel, 500 W Third Avenue, Anchorage, AK. Council address: North Pacific Fishery Management Council, 605 W. 4th Avenue, Suite 306, Anchorage, AK 99501-2252. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT...

76 FR 66854 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Nuiqsut, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-28

... Nuiqsut, AK, to accommodate the amendment of two standard instrument approach procedures at the Nuiqsut Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR..., Nuiqsut, AK, to accommodate the amendment of a two standard instrument approach procedures. The Class E...

Structural characterization and IgE epitope analysis of arginine kinase from Scylla paramamosain

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Arginine kinase (AK) has been reported as the pan-allergen of shellfish, however, there is limited information about its IgE epitopes and structural characteristics. In this study, AK from Scylla paramamosain was purified and characterized. The purified AK was a glycoprotein with the molecular weigh...

50 CFR 679.43 - Determinations and appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... of Administrative Appeals (OAA), P. O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668, or delivered to National Marine Fisheries Service, Attention: Appeals (OAA), 709 W. 9th Street, Room 453, Juneau, AK 99801. (d.... Oral hearings will be held in Juneau, AK, at the prescribed date and time, unless the appellate officer...

5 CFR 591.227 - What adjustment factors does OPM add to the price indexes?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... table shows the adjustment factor for each area: COLA area Amount Anchorage, AK 7.0 Fairbanks, AK 9.0 Juneau, AK 9.0 Rest of the State of Alaska 9.0 City and County of Honolulu, HI 5.0 Hawaii County, HI 7.0...

5 CFR 591.227 - What adjustment factors does OPM add to the price indexes?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... table shows the adjustment factor for each area: COLA area Amount Anchorage, AK 7.0 Fairbanks, AK 9.0 Juneau, AK 9.0 Rest of the State of Alaska 9.0 City and County of Honolulu, HI 5.0 Hawaii County, HI 7.0...

5 CFR 591.227 - What adjustment factors does OPM add to the price indexes?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... table shows the adjustment factor for each area: COLA area Amount Anchorage, AK 7.0 Fairbanks, AK 9.0 Juneau, AK 9.0 Rest of the State of Alaska 9.0 City and County of Honolulu, HI 5.0 Hawaii County, HI 7.0...

50 CFR 679.43 - Determinations and appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Fisheries Service, Office of Administrative Appeals (OAA), P. O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668, or..., Juneau, AK 99801. (d) Timing of appeals. (1) If an applicant appeals an initial administrative.... Oral hearings will be held in Juneau, AK, at the prescribed date and time, unless the appellate officer...

50 CFR 679.43 - Determinations and appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Fisheries Service, Office of Administrative Appeals (OAA), P. O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668, or..., Juneau, AK 99801. (d) Timing of appeals. (1) If an applicant appeals an initial administrative.... Oral hearings will be held in Juneau, AK, at the prescribed date and time, unless the appellate officer...

50 CFR 679.43 - Determinations and appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Fisheries Service, Office of Administrative Appeals (OAA), P. O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668, or..., Juneau, AK 99801. (d) Timing of appeals. (1) If an applicant appeals an initial administrative.... Oral hearings will be held in Juneau, AK, at the prescribed date and time, unless the appellate officer...

5 CFR 591.227 - What adjustment factors does OPM add to the price indexes?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... table shows the adjustment factor for each area: COLA area Amount Anchorage, AK 7.0 Fairbanks, AK 9.0 Juneau, AK 9.0 Rest of the State of Alaska 9.0 City and County of Honolulu, HI 5.0 Hawaii County, HI 7.0...

77 FR 23269 - Determination That FUNDUSCEIN-25 (fluorescein sodium injection), 25%, and AK-FLUOR (fluorescein...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-18

...] Determination That FUNDUSCEIN-25 (fluorescein sodium injection), 25%, and AK-FLUOR (fluorescein sodium injection... FUNDUSCEIN-25 (fluorescein sodium injection), 25%, and AK-FLUOR (fluorescein sodium injection), 25%, were not... abbreviated new drug applications (ANDAs) for fluorescein sodium injection, 25%, if all other legal and...

A Neutron and X-Ray Diffraction Study of Ca-Mg-Cu Metallic Glasses (Postprint)

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-04-01

North DM. Phys Chem Liq 1968;1:1. [25] Wright AC. J Non-Cryst Solids 1989;112:33. [26] Patterson AL. Z Kristallogr 1935;90:517. [27] Soper AK. J Phys...PJ, Cundall JA. Acta Cryst 1965;19:807. [31] Hannon AC. Nucl Instrum Meth A 2005;551:88. [32] Soper AK. Gudrun software, http://www.isis.stfc.ac.uk...instruments/sandals/ data-analysis/gudrun8864.html. [33] Hannon AC, Howells WS, Soper AK. IOP Conf Ser 1990;107:193. [34] Soper AK. GudrunX software

Combining High Dynamic Range Photography and High Range Resolution RADAR for Pre-discharge Threat Cues

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-08-16

Munitions • Dragunov • AK47 • RPG • AR10 Confusers • Person with Tripod • Person with Broom Results • Dragunov, AK47 , RPG, and AR10 detected as...weapons • Person+Tripod declared as clutter • Person+Broom declared as clutter Notes • AK47 and Dragunov in same room Demo April 2010 Detection Results...tp9042 AK47 + Dragunov RPG Person + Tripod Person + Broom AR10 R an g e Sweep Number Sweep Number Declarations RADAR Data UNCLASSIFIED Summary

Diverse Sensing for Synergistic Protection in Urban Threat Environments. Demonstration Results

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-04-29

AK47 • AR10 Confusers • Person with Tripod Results • RPG, AK47 , AR10 detected as weapons • Dragunov was missed • Person+Tripod was not a false...alarm Notes • Dragunov was in back room, outside search area Demo April 2010 Detection Results – tp9040 Dragunov Person + TripodRPG AK47 AR10R an g e...in prone position aimed through kill hole UNCLASSIFIED Scenario Munitions • RPG • AK47 • AR10 • Dragunov Confusers • Person with Tripod Results

Physicians' opinions and clinical practice patterns for actinic keratosis management in Italy.

PubMed

Peris, K; Neri, L; Calzavara Pinton, P; Catricalà, C; Pellacani, G; Pimpinelli, N; Peserico, A

2014-04-01

We report dermatologists' opinions and clinical practice patterns about clinical factors driving decision making in the management of actinic keratosis (AK) in Italy. We carried out a cross-sectional survey among 33 Italian dermatologists. Physicians were asked to report their management choices in consecutive patients with AK seen at their practice within 2 weeks since study initiation. We collected patients' clinical and socio-demographic characteristics with a standardized data collection form and assessed physicians' opinions on AK management with a self-reported questionnaire. Six hundred fifty-seven patients with new, single AK lesions without evidence of photo-damaged skin in the surrounding areas, were predominantly treated with lesion-directed therapies (primarily cryotherapy). In contrast, physicians preferentially prescribed field-directed therapies to patients with multiple lesions and evidence of photo-damaged skin in AK surrounding areas. However we observed a wide variation in treatment choices and physicians' opinions on AK management. Dermatologists underlined the importance of fostering patients' adherence and minimize therapy side effects. Overall, our results show that current guidelines regarding management of AK are only partially integrated in dermatology practice. The active dissemination of up-to-date national guidelines might help harmonize clinical decision making in this complex and fast growing therapeutic area.

Characterization of Aspartate Kinase from Corynebacterium pekinense and the Critical Site of Arg169

PubMed Central

Min, Weihong; Li, Huiying; Li, Hongmei; Liu, Chunlei; Liu, Jingsheng

2015-01-01

Aspartate kinase (AK) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of aspartate-derived amino acids. Recombinant AK was efficiently purified and systematically characterized through analysis under optimal conditions combined with steady-state kinetics study. Homogeneous AK was predicted as a decamer with a molecular weight of ~48 kDa and a half-life of 4.5 h. The enzymatic activity was enhanced by ethanol and Ni2+. Moreover, steady-state kinetic study confirmed that AK is an allosteric enzyme, and its activity was inhibited by allosteric inhibitors, such as Lys, Met, and Thr. Theoretical results indicated the binding mode of AK and showed that Arg169 is an important residue in substrate binding, catalytic domain, and inhibitor binding. The values of the kinetic parameter Vmax of R169 mutants, namely, R169Y, R169P, R169D, and R169H AK, with l-aspartate as the substrate, were 4.71-, 2.25-, 2.57-, and 2.13-fold higher, respectively, than that of the wild-type AK. Furthermore, experimental and theoretical data showed that Arg169 formed a hydrogen bond with Glu92, which functions as the entrance gate. This study provides a basis to develop new enzymes and elucidate the corresponding amino acid production. PMID:26633359

Rosettes in actinic keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma: distribution, association to other dermoscopic signs and description of the rosette pattern.

PubMed

Lozano-Masdemont, B; Polimón-Olabarrieta, I; Marinero-Escobedo, S; Gutiérrez-Pecharromán, A; Rodríguez-Lomba, E

2018-01-01

Rosettes, a dermoscopic structure characterized by four white points arranged as a 4-leaf clover, supports the dermoscopic diagnosis of actinic keratosis (AK) or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The association of rosettes with other dermoscopic structures in AK or SCC and their distribution has not been analysed yet. We conducted a prospective study of patients with histologically proven AK or SCC who presented dermoscopic rosettes at initial evaluation. A total of 56 tumours were collected (94.6% AK and 5.4% SCC). Thirty-seven (66.1%) lesions were non-pigmented and 19 (33.9%) pigmented. The most common dermoscopic findings were erythema (53; 94.6%) and scale (42; 75%). White circles were present in 21 lesions (37.5%); pigmented pseudonetwork in 18 (32.1%) and multiple grey to brown dots and globules in 14 (25%). Rosettes were distributed focally in 9 (16.1%) and generalized in 47 (83.9%). The rosette pattern (rosettes as the main structure) was observed only in AK (19; 35.8%). The analysis was not blinded. The distinction between focal distribution (up to 3 rosettes) or generalized could be considered arbitrary. The rosette pattern identified in AK may be a specific pattern for AK. © 2017 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.

Clinical pharmacokinetic study and sensitive effect of AK-2123

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Luo Chuan Huan; Bao Yun Hua

1994-06-15

The pharmacokinetic parameters of a radiosensitizer, AK-2123 (a nitrotriazole deriv.) given to 10 lung cancer patients are represented and its sensitizing effect is evaluated. The diagnosis was confirmed radiologically and pathologically. Seven patients were diagnosed with squamous cell cancer, two had adenocarcinoma, and one had nonsquamous cell lung cancer. AK-2123 was administered orally twice a week. The total dose per patient was 12.8-15.75 g. Radiotherapy was delivered 3 h after AK-2123 administration, 2 Gy per fraction. Blood samples were taken from the ear at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 h after AK-2123 administration. The concentration of AK-2123 inmore » plasma was measured by HPLC. The C[sub m] (maximum concentration of AK-2123 averaging from 10 patients) was 27.75 [mu]g/mL, ranging 22.62-39.97 [mu]g/mL, T[sub m] (the time of getting C[sub m]) 3 h. The data of the drug fitted a two-compartment open model. The mean parameters of these cases were: rate constant K12 0.1658, K21 0.0671, Ke 0.0254, h[sup [minus]1]; apparent volumes of distribution V[sub 1] 18.6154, V[sub 2] 51.2317, L; biological half life T[sub 1]2a 1.0863, T[sub 1]2[alpha] 2.7546, T[sub 1]2[beta] 35.2064 h. The response to the treatment: CR four cases, PR four cases, NC two cases. So, AK-2123 may be a promising radiosensitizer. 5 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.« less

The Relation of Ocular Surface Irregularity and Visual Disturbance in Early Stage Acanthamoeba Keratitis.

PubMed

Matsumoto, Yukihiro; Kodama, Asako; Goto, Eiki; Kawakita, Tetsuya; Dogru, Murat; Tsubota, Kazuo

2017-01-01

To evaluate the relation between ocular surface irregularity and visual disturbance in early stage Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Fifteen patients with culture-proven AK underwent routine ophthalmic examinations, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measurement, slitlamp biomicroscope examination, and corneal fluorescein dye staining test, in both the eyes. We also evaluated the corneal sensitivity with Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer, tear functions by Schirmer's test, and ocular surface irregularity by corneal topography and compared the results with the contralateral healthy eyes in this study. The mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA (0.71±0.77) was significantly lower in the eyes with AK (P=0.002). Epithelial disorders were present in all eyes, and radial keratoneuritis in 14 eyes (93.3%). The mean corneal sensitivity (39.3±24.1 mm) was significantly lower in eyes with AK compared with the healthy eyes (P=0.005). The mean Schirmer's test value (22.5±12.0 mm) in eyes with AK was significantly higher compared with the healthy eyes (P=0.01). The ocular surface irregularity indices (the surface regularity index, 2.47±0.42; the surface asymmetry index, 3.24±1.31) were significantly higher in eyes with AK compared with contralateral healthy eyes (P<0.0001 and P<0.0001, respectively). The ocular surface disease in AK is associated with decrease in corneal sensitivity and increase in Schirmer's test value and ocular surface irregularity indices. The visual disturbance in AK may owe not only to corneal haze but also to ocular surface irregularity.

75 FR 55743 - North Pacific Fishery Management Council; Public Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-14

... Fisheries and Council will meet on in Anchorage, AK. DATES: The meeting will be held on October 5, 2010... Avenue, Quarterdeck (Tower 1, 10th Floor) Anchorage, AK. Council address: North Pacific Fishery Management Council, 605 W. 4th Ave., Suite 306, Anchorage, AK 99501-2252. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT...

77 FR 50646 - Proposed Establishment of Class D Airspace; Bryant AAF, Anchorage, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-22

...-0433; Airspace Docket No. 12-AAL-5] Proposed Establishment of Class D Airspace; Bryant AAF, Anchorage...). SUMMARY: This action proposes to establish Class D airspace at Bryant Army Airfield (AAF), Anchorage AK... 71 by establishing Class D airspace extending upward from the surface at Bryant AAF, Anchorage AK...

76 FR 60806 - North Pacific Fishery Management Council; Public Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-30

... Committee will meet October 26, 2011 in Anchorage, AK. DATES: The meeting will be held on October 26, 2011... 8th Avenue, Anchorage AK. Council address: North Pacific Fishery Management Council, 605 W. 4th Ave., Suite 306, Anchorage, AK 99501-2252. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jane DiCosimo, Council staff...

75 FR 34624 - Revocation of Class D and E Airspace; Big Delta, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-18

...-0083; Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-5] Revocation of Class D and E Airspace; Big Delta, AK AGENCY: Federal... at Big Delta, AK, to eliminate duplicated controlled airspace serving Allen Army Airfield. The FAA is.../systemops/fs/alaskan/rulemaking/ . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: History On Tuesday April 6, 2010, the FAA...

50 CFR 679.42 - Limitations on use of QS and IFQ.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., Juneau, AK 99802-1668. A complete application must include: (A) The applicant's (transferor's) identity... community of Adak, AK, individually or collectively, may use more than 3,229,721 units of sablefish QS... of Adak, AK, after March 17, 2019. (9) A CQE representing an eligible community in the Aleutian...

5 CFR 591.207 - Which areas are COLA areas?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Anchorage, AK, and 80-kilometer (50-mile) radius by shortest route using paved roads when available, as measured from the Federal courthouse to the official duty station; (b) City of Fairbanks, AK, and 80... courthouse to the official duty station; (c) City of Juneau, AK, and 80-kilometer (50-mile) radius by...

5 CFR 591.207 - Which areas are COLA areas?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Anchorage, AK, and 80-kilometer (50-mile) radius by shortest route using paved roads when available, as measured from the Federal courthouse to the official duty station; (b) City of Fairbanks, AK, and 80... courthouse to the official duty station; (c) City of Juneau, AK, and 80-kilometer (50-mile) radius by...

5 CFR 591.207 - Which areas are COLA areas?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Anchorage, AK, and 80-kilometer (50-mile) radius by shortest route using paved roads when available, as measured from the Federal courthouse to the official duty station; (b) City of Fairbanks, AK, and 80... courthouse to the official duty station; (c) City of Juneau, AK, and 80-kilometer (50-mile) radius by...

5 CFR 591.207 - Which areas are COLA areas?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Anchorage, AK, and 80-kilometer (50-mile) radius by shortest route using paved roads when available, as measured from the Federal courthouse to the official duty station; (b) City of Fairbanks, AK, and 80... courthouse to the official duty station; (c) City of Juneau, AK, and 80-kilometer (50-mile) radius by...

50 CFR 679.43 - Determinations and appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Appeals (OAA), P. O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668, or delivered to National Marine Fisheries Service, Attention: Appeals (OAA), 709 W. 9th Street, Room 453, Juneau, AK 99801. (d) Timing of appeals. (1) If an... place, date, and time of the oral hearing. Oral hearings will be held in Juneau, AK, at the prescribed...

5 CFR 591.207 - Which areas are COLA areas?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Anchorage, AK, and 80-kilometer (50-mile) radius by shortest route using paved roads when available, as measured from the Federal courthouse to the official duty station; (b) City of Fairbanks, AK, and 80... courthouse to the official duty station; (c) City of Juneau, AK, and 80-kilometer (50-mile) radius by...

75 FR 18164 - Procurement List: Proposed Additions and Deletions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-09

... . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This notice is published pursuant to 41 U.S.C. 47(a)(2) and 41 CFR 51-2.3. Its.../Location: Janitorial Services, Corp of Engineers Buildings, Elmendorf AFB, AK, Corp of Engineers Buildings, Fort Richardson, AK. NPA: MQC Enterprises, Inc., Anchorage, AK. Contracting Activity: XR W2SN ENDIST...

75 FR 68701 - Establishment and Amendment of Area Navigation (RNAV) Routes; Alaska

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-09

... 7012), a new T- route (T-267) is established, which will circumvent the ocean near Kotzebue, AK... Frederick's Point Non- directional Beacon, for connectivity between Juneau and Ketchikan, AK. Two T-routes... revised to provide a more direct route between Anchorage and Galena, AK. The RNAV routes described in this...

75 FR 8297 - Tongass National Forest, Thorne Bay Ranger District, Thorne Bay, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-24

..., Thorne Bay, AK AGENCY: Forest Service, USDA. ACTION: Cancellation of Notice of intent to prepare an... Roberts, Zone Planner, Thorne Bay Ranger District, Tongass National Forest, P.O. Box 19001, Thorne Bay, AK 99919, telephone: 907-828-3250. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The 47,007-acre Kosciusko Project Area is...

Novel biocatalytic systems for maintaining the nucleotide balance based on adenylate kinase immobilized on carbon nanostructures.

PubMed

Hetmann, Anna; Wujak, Magdalena; Bolibok, Paulina; Zięba, Wojciech; Wiśniewski, Marek; Roszek, Katarzyna

2018-07-01

In this study graphene oxide (GO), carbon quantum dots (CQD) and carbon nanoonions (CNO) have been characterized and applied for the first time as a matrix for recombinant adenylate kinase (AK, EC 2.7.4.3) immobilization. AK is an enzyme fulfilling a key role in metabolic processes. This phosphotransferase catalyzes the interconversion of adenine nucleotides (ATP, ADP and AMP) and thereby participates in nucleotide homeostasis, monitors a cellular energy charge as well as acts as a component of purinergic signaling system. The AK activity in all obtained biocatalytic systems was higher as compared to the free enzyme. We have found that the immobilization on carbon nanostructures increased both activity and stability of AK. Moreover, the biocatalytic systems consisting of AK immobilized on carbon nanostructures can be easily and efficiently lyophilized without risk of desorption or decrease in the catalytic activity of the investigated enzyme. The positive action of AK-GO biocatalytic system in maintaining the nucleotide balance in in vitro cell culture was proved. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Topical treatment of actinic keratoses with low-dose 5-fluorouracil in combination with salicylic acid--pilot study.

PubMed

Schlaak, Max; Simon, Jan C

2010-03-01

Actinic keratoses (AK) are carcinomas in situ and can progress to invasive squamous cell carcinomas. Treatment of actinic keratoses can be achieved by physical ablation, chemotherapeutic agents, immunomodulators or photodynamic therapy. We conducted a proof of concept study with 15 patients. Overall 66 actinic keratoses were treated with 5-FU (0.5%) and salicylic acid (10%) for 4 weeks (3 times per week). After 12 weeks complete response of 47 AK (77%), partial response of 13 AK (21%) and non-response of 1 AK (2%) were achieved. Treatment was well tolerated and efficient.

Lunatimonas lonarensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a haloalkaline bacterium of the family Cyclobacteriaceae with nitrate reducing activity.

PubMed

Srinivas, T N R; Aditya, S; Bhumika, V; Kumar, P Anil

2014-02-01

Novel pinkish-orange pigmented, Gram-negative staining, half-moon shaped, non-motile, strictly aerobic strains designated AK24(T) and AK26 were isolated from water and sediment samples of Lonar Lake, Buldhana district, Maharahstra, India. Both strains were positive for oxidase, catalase and β-galactosidase activities. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0 (41.5%), anteiso-C15:0 (9.7%), iso-C17:0 3OH (9.6%), iso-C17:1 ω9c (10.2%) and C16:1 ω7c/C16:1 ω6c/iso-C15:0 2OH (summed feature 3) (14.4%). The strains contained MK-7 as the major respiratory quinone, and phosphatidylethanolamine and five unidentified lipids as the polar lipids. Blast analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain AK24(T) showed that it was closely related to Aquiflexum balticum, with a pair-wise sequence similarity of 91.6%, as well as to Fontibacter ferrireducens, Belliella baltica and Indibacter alkaliphilus (91.3, 91.2 and 91.2% pair-wise sequence similarity, respectively), but it only had between 88.6 and 91.0% pair-wise sequence similarity to the rest of the family members. The MALDI-TOF assay reported no significant similarities for AK24(T) and AK26, since they potentially represented a new species. A MALDI MSP dendrogram showed close similarity between the two strains, but they maintained a distance from their phylogenetic neighbors. The genome of AK24(T) showed the presence of heavy metal tolerance genes, including the genes providing resistance to arsenic, cadmium, cobalt and zinc. A cluster of heat shock resistance genes was also found in the genome. Two lantibiotic producing genes, LanR and LasB, were also found in the genome of AK24(T). Strains AK24(T) and AK26 were very closely related to each other with 99.5% pair-wise sequence similarity. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the strains were members of the family Cyclobacteriaceae and they clustered with the genus Mariniradius, as well as with the genera Aquiflexum, Cecembia, Fontibacter, Indibacter, and Shivajiella. DNA-DNA hybridization between strains AK24(T) and AK26 showed a relatedness of 82% and their rep-PCR banding patterns were very similar. Based on data from the current polyphasic study, it is proposed that the isolates be placed in a new genus and species with the name Lunatimonas lonarensis gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Lunatimonas lonarensis is AK24(T) (=JCM 18822(T)=MTCC 11627(T)). Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Silencing the HaAK Gene by Transgenic Plant-Mediated RNAi Impairs Larval Growth of Helicoverpa armigera

PubMed Central

Liu, Feng; Wang, Xiao-Dong; Zhao, Yi-Ying; Li, Yan-Jun; Liu, Yong-Chang; Sun, Jie

2015-01-01

Insect pests have caused noticeable economic losses in agriculture, and the heavy use of insecticide to control pests not only brings the threats of insecticide resistance but also causes the great pollution to foods and the environment. Transgenic plants producing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) directed against insect genes have been is currently developed for protection against insect pests. In this study, we used this technology to silence the arginine kinase (AK) gene of Helicoverpa armigera (HaAK), encoding a phosphotransferase that plays a critical role in cellular energy metabolism in invertebrate. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants producing HaAK dsRNA were generated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The maximal mortality rate of 55% was reached when H. armigera first-instar larvae were fed with transgenic plant leaves for 3 days, which was dramatically higher than the 18% mortality recorded in the control group. Moreover, the ingestion of transgenic plants significantly retarded larval growth, and the transcript levels of HaAK were also knocked down by up to 52%. The feeding bioassays further indicated that the inhibition efficiency was correlated with the integrity and concentration of the produced HaAK dsRNA in transgenic plants. These results strongly show that the resistance to H. armigera was improved in transgenic Arabidopsis plants, suggesting that the RNAi targeting of AK has the potential for the control of insect pests. PMID:25552931

Silencing of long noncoding RNA AK139328 attenuates ischemia/reperfusion injury in mouse livers.

PubMed

Chen, Zhenzhen; Jia, Shi; Li, Danhua; Cai, Junyan; Tu, Jian; Geng, Bin; Guan, Youfei; Cui, Qinghua; Yang, Jichun

2013-01-01

Recently, increasing evidences had suggested that long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) are involved in a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Here we determined the LncRNA expression profile using microarray technology in mouse livers after ischemia/reperfusion treatment. Seventy one LncRNAs were upregulated, and 27 LncRNAs were downregulated in ischemia/reperfusion-treated mouse livers. Eleven of the most significantly deregulated LncRNAs were further validated by quantitative PCR assays. Among the upregulated LncRNAs confirmed by quantitative PCR assays, AK139328 exhibited the highest expression level in normal mouse livers. siRNA-mediated knockdown of hepatic AK139328 decreased plasma aminotransferase activities, and reduced necrosis area in the livers with a decrease in caspase-3 activation after ischemia/reperfusion treatment. In ischemia/reperfusion liver, knockdown of AK139328 increased survival signaling proteins including phosphorylated Akt (pAkt), glycogen synthase kinase 3 (pGSK3) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (peNOS). Furthermore, knockdown of AK139328 also reduced macrophage infitration and inhibited NF-κB activity and inflammatory cytokines expression. In conclusion, these findings revealed that deregulated LncRNAs are involved in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. Silencing of AK139328 ameliorated ischemia/reperfusion injury in the liver with the activation of Akt signaling pathway and inhibition of NF-κB activity. LncRNA AK139328 might be a novel target for diagnosis and treatment of liver surgery or transplantation.

A novel brown adipocyte-enriched long non-coding RNA that is required for brown adipocyte differentiation and sufficient to drive thermogenic gene program in white adipocytes.

PubMed

Xiong, Yan; Yue, Feng; Jia, Zhihao; Gao, Yun; Jin, Wen; Hu, Keping; Zhang, Yong; Zhu, Dahai; Yang, Gongshe; Kuang, Shihuan

2018-04-01

The thermogenic activities of brown and beige adipocytes can be exploited to reduce energy surplus and counteract obesity. Recent RNA sequencing studies have uncovered a number of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) uniquely expressed in white and brown adipose tissues (WAT and BAT), but whether and how these lncRNAs function in adipogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we report the identification of a novel brown adipocyte-enriched LncRNA (AK079912), and its nuclear localization, function and regulation. The expression of AK079912 increases during brown preadipocyte differentiation and in response to cold-stimulated browning of white adipocytes. Knockdown of AK079912 inhibits brown preadipocyte differentiation, manifested by reductions in lipid accumulation and down-regulation of adipogenic and BAT-specific genes. Conversely, ectopic expression of AK079912 in white preadipocytes up-regulates the expression of genes involved in thermogenesis. Mechanistically, inhibition of AK079912 reduces mitochondrial copy number and protein levels of mitochondria electron transport chain (ETC) complexes, whereas AK079912 overexpression increases the levels of ETC proteins. Lastly, reporter and pharmacological assays identify Pparγ as an upstream regulator of AK079912. These results provide new insights into the function of non-coding RNAs in brown adipogenesis and regulating browning of white adipocytes. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The current role of in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy within the continuum of actinic keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review.

PubMed

Nguyen, Kim P; Peppelman, Malou; Hoogedoorn, Lisa; Van Erp, Piet E J; Gerritsen, Marie-Jeanne P

2016-12-01

Clinical differentiation between actinic keratosis (AK), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ, and invasive SCC and its variants may be difficult. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive technique for in vivo skin imaging. To explicate the diagnostic and monitoring use of RCM within the spectrum of AK and SCC, and evaluate the accuracy of RCM for these diagnoses relative to histopathology. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. The quality was assessed using the STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist. Twenty-five eligible studies were included. Different diagnostic RCM features have been described for AK, actinic cheilitis (AC), erythroplasia of Queyrat, Bowen disease, invasive SCC, and keratoacanthoma (KA). The overall range of sensitivity and specificity of RCM for the diagnosis of SCC, AK, SCC in situ, and KA was 79-100% and 78-100%, respectively. The current literature describes the use of RCM for diagnosing AK, AC, erythroplasia of Queyrat, Bowen disease, invasive SCC, and KA, as well as for monitoring treatments of AK, with good accuracy. Unfortunately, studies with high methodological quality are lacking. Pre-treatment of hyperkeratotic lesions and uniform definitions of RCM features are required to simplify the differentiation between AKs, SCC in situ, and SCC and its variants in clinical practice.

78 FR 13867 - North Pacific Fishery Management Council; Public Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-01

... Committee (SSLMC) will meet in Anchorage, AK. DATES: The meeting will be held on March 21-22, 2013, from 8 a... conference room, 100 W. 3rd Avenue, 1007, Anchorage, AK. Council address: North Pacific Fishery Management Council, 605 W. 4th Ave., Suite 306, Anchorage, AK 99501-2252. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Steve...

76 FR 70979 - Notice of Availability of the Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Point Thomson...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-16

... times and locations: 05 December 2011 Anchorage, AK Open House 4-6 p.m. Loussac Library........ Public... Draft EIS: The Draft EIS is available for review at the following public libraries and schools: a. Harold Kaveolook School, Kaktovik, AK b. Nuiqsut Trapper School, Nuiqsut, AK c. Tuzzy Consortium Library...

75 FR 17322 - Proposed Revocation of Class D and E Airspace; Big Delta, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-06

...-0083 Airspace Docket No. 10-AAL-5] Proposed Revocation of Class D and E Airspace; Big Delta, AK AGENCY... action proposes to revoke Class D and E airspace at Big Delta, AK. This airspace duplicates the... NASSIF Building at the above address. An informal docket may also be examined during normal business...

46 CFR 7.180 - Kotzebue Sound, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Kotzebue Sound, AK. 7.180 Section 7.180 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.180 Kotzebue Sound, AK. A line drawn from Cape Espenberg Light to latitude 66°52′ N. longitude 163°28′ W.; and...

50 CFR 679.61 - Formation and operation of fishery cooperatives.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... materials to the North Pacific Fishery Management Council, 605 West 4th Ave, Suite 306, Anchorage, AK 99501..., Juneau, AK 99802. The street address for delivery by private courier is 709 West 9th St., Suite 401, Juneau, AK 99801. (3) What is the deadline for filing? The contract or renewal letter and supporting...

50 CFR 679.61 - Formation and operation of fishery cooperatives.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... materials to the North Pacific Fishery Management Council, 605 West 4th Ave, Suite 306, Anchorage, AK 99501..., Juneau, AK 99802. The street address for delivery by private courier is 709 West 9th St., Suite 401, Juneau, AK 99801. (3) What is the deadline for filing? The contract or renewal letter and supporting...

46 CFR 7.180 - Kotzebue Sound, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Kotzebue Sound, AK. 7.180 Section 7.180 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.180 Kotzebue Sound, AK. A line drawn from Cape Espenberg Light to latitude 66°52′ N. longitude 163°28′ W.; and...

46 CFR 7.180 - Kotzebue Sound, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Kotzebue Sound, AK. 7.180 Section 7.180 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.180 Kotzebue Sound, AK. A line drawn from Cape Espenberg Light to latitude 66°52′ N. longitude 163°28′ W.; and...

50 CFR 679.61 - Formation and operation of fishery cooperatives.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... materials to the North Pacific Fishery Management Council, 605 West 4th Ave, Suite 306, Anchorage, AK 99501..., Juneau, AK 99802. The street address for delivery by private courier is 709 West 9th St., Suite 401, Juneau, AK 99801. (3) What is the deadline for filing? The contract or renewal letter and supporting...

46 CFR 7.180 - Kotzebue Sound, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Kotzebue Sound, AK. 7.180 Section 7.180 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.180 Kotzebue Sound, AK. A line drawn from Cape Espenberg Light to latitude 66°52′ N. longitude 163°28′ W.; and...

46 CFR 7.180 - Kotzebue Sound, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Kotzebue Sound, AK. 7.180 Section 7.180 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC BOUNDARY LINES Alaska § 7.180 Kotzebue Sound, AK. A line drawn from Cape Espenberg Light to latitude 66°52′ N. longitude 163°28′ W.; and...

50 CFR 679.61 - Formation and operation of fishery cooperatives.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... materials to the North Pacific Fishery Management Council, 605 West 4th Ave, Suite 306, Anchorage, AK 99501..., Juneau, AK 99802. The street address for delivery by private courier is 709 West 9th St., Suite 401, Juneau, AK 99801. (3) What is the deadline for filing? The contract or renewal letter and supporting...

75 FR 32120 - Proposed Establishment and Amendment of Area Navigation (RNAV) Routes; Alaska

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-07

..., Anchorage, AK 99513. Persons interested in being placed on a mailing list for future NPRMs should contact... circumvent the ocean near Kotzebue, AK, allowing IFR aircraft to fly closer to the shoreline. Also, one... connectivity between Juneau and Ketchikan, AK. Two T-routes would be modified to allow lower minimum en route...

Time-Frequency Analysis of a Moving Human Doppler Signature

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-02-01

Spectrogram at 1 GHz...........................8 3.3 Spectrograms of a Walking Human Carrying an AK47 Rifle.......................................12...carrying an AK47 rifle, at 1 GHz...section peaks out at 1 GHz. 3.3 Spectrograms of a Walking Human Carrying an AK47 Rifle One scenario of great interest is trying to classify a person

Long-term Efficacy of Topical Fluorouracil Cream, 5%, for Treating Actinic Keratosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

PubMed

Pomerantz, Hyemin; Hogan, Daniel; Eilers, David; Swetter, Susan M; Chen, Suephy C; Jacob, Sharon E; Warshaw, Erin M; Stricklin, George; Dellavalle, Robert P; Sidhu-Malik, Navjeet; Konnikov, Nellie; Werth, Victoria P; Keri, Jonette; Lew, Robert; Weinstock, Martin A

2015-09-01

Topical fluorouracil was demonstrated to be effective in reducing the number of actinic keratoses (AKs) for up to 6 months, but no randomized trials studied its long-term efficacy. To evaluate the long-term efficacy of a single course of fluorouracil cream, 5%, for AK treatment. The Veterans Affairs Keratinocyte Carcinoma Chemoprevention (VAKCC) trial was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial with patients from dermatology clinics at 12 VA medical centers recruited from 2009 to 2011 and followed up until 2013. Our study population comprised 932 veterans with 2 or more keratinocyte carcinomas in the 5 years prior to enrollment. The mean follow-up duration was 2.6 years in both treatment and control groups. Participants applied either topical fluorouracil cream, 5% (n = 468), or vehicle control cream (n = 464) to the face and ears twice daily for up to 4 weeks. This study reports on AK counts and treatments, which were secondary outcomes of the VAKCC trial. Actinic keratoses on the face and ears were counted by study dermatologists at enrollment and at study visits every 6 months. The number of spot treatments for AKs on the face and ears at semiannual study visits and in between study visits was recorded. The number of AKs on the face and ears per participant was not different between the fluorouracil and control groups at randomization (11.1 vs 10.6, P > .10). After randomization, the fluorouracil group had fewer AKs compared with the control group at 6 months (3.0 vs 8.1, P < .001) and for the overall study duration (P < .001). The fluorouracil group also had higher complete AK clearance rates (38% vs 17% at 6 months) and fewer spot treatments at 6-month intervals, at study visits, and in between study visits during the trial (P < .01 for all). The fluorouracil group took longer to require the first spot AK treatment (6.2 months) compared with the control group (6.0 months) (hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.60-0.79). The number of hypertrophic AKs was not different between the 2 groups overall (P = .60), although there were fewer hypertrophic AKs in the fluorouracil group at 6 months (0.23 vs 0.41) (P = .05). Our results indicate that a single course of fluorouracil cream, 5%, effectively reduces AK counts and the need for spot treatments for longer than 2 years. clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT00847912.

Utilization of protein expression profiles as indicators of environmental impairment of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) from the Shenandoah River, Virginia, USA.

PubMed

Ripley, Jennifer; Iwanowicz, Luke; Blazer, Vicki; Foran, Christy

2008-08-01

The Shenandoah River (VA, USA), the largest tributary of the Potomac River (MD, USA) and an important source of drinking water, has been the site of extensive fish kills since 2004. Previous investigations indicate environmental stressors may be adversely modulating the immune system of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) and other species. Anterior kidney (AK) tissue, the major site of blood cell production in fish, was collected from smallmouth bass at three sites along the Shenandoah River. The tissue was divided for immune function and proteomics analyses. Bactericidal activity and respiratory burst were significantly different between North Fork and mainstem Shenandoah River smallmouth bass, whereas South Fork AK tissue did not significantly differ in either of these measures compared with the other sites. Cytotoxic cell activity was highest among South Fork and lowest among North Fork AK leukocytes. The composite two-dimension gels of the North Fork and mainstem smallmouth bass AK tissues contained 584 and 591 spots, respectively. South Fork smallmouth bass AK expressed only 335 proteins. Nineteen of 50 proteins analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight were successfully identified. Three of the four identified proteins with increased expression in South Fork AK tissue were involved in metabolism. Seven proteins exclusive to mainstem and North Fork smallmouth bass AK and expressed at comparable abundances serve immune and stress response functions. The proteomics data indicate these fish differ in metabolic capacity of AK tissue and in the ability to produce functional leukocytes. The variable responses of the immune function assays further indicate disruption to the immune system. Our results allow us to hypothesize underlying physiological changes that may relate to fish kills and suggest relevant contaminants known to produce similar physiological disruption.

A High Affinity Adenosine Kinase from Anopheles gambiae

PubMed Central

Cassera, María B.; Ho, Meng-Chiao; Merino, Emilio F.; Burgos, Emmanuel S.; Rinaldo-Matthis, Agnes; Almo, Steven C.; Schramm, Vern L.

2011-01-01

Genome analysis revealed a mosquito orthologue of adenosine kinase in Anopheles gambiae (AgAK; the most important vector for the transmission of Plasmodium falciparum in Africa). P. falciparum are purine auxotrophs and do not express an adenosine kinase but rely on their hosts for purines. AgAK was kinetically characterized and found to have the highest affinity for adenosine (Km 8.1 nM) of any known adenosine kinase. AgAK is specific for adenosine at the nucleoside site but several nucleotide triphosphate phosphoryl donors are tolerated. The AgAK crystal structure with a bound bisubstrate analogue Ap4A (2.0 Å resolution) reveals interactions for adenosine, ATP and the geometry for phosphoryl transfer. The polyphosphate charge is partly neutralized by a bound Mg2+ ion and an ion pair to a catalytic site Arg. The AgAK structure consists of a large catalytic core in a three-layered α/β/α sandwich, and a small cap domain in contact with adenosine. The specificity and tight-binding for adenosine arises from hydrogen bond interactions of Asn14, Leu16, Leu40, Leu133, Leu168, Phe168 and Thr171 and the backbone of Ile39 and Phe168 with the adenine ring as well as through hydrogen bond interactions between Asp18, Gly64 and Asn68 and the ribosyl 2′- and 3′-hydroxyl groups. The structure is more similar to human adenosine kinase (48% identity) than to AK from Toxoplasma gondii (31% identity). With this extraordinary affinity for AgAK, adenosine is efficiently captured and converted to AMP at near the diffusion limit, suggesting an important role of this enzyme to maintain the adenine nucleotide pool. mRNA analysis verifies that AgAK transcripts are produced in the adult insects. PMID:21247194

Utilization of protein expression profiles as indicators of environmental impairment of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) from the Shenandoah River, Virginia, USA

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ripley, J.; Iwanowicz, L.; Blazer, V.; Foran, C.

2008-01-01

The Shenandoah River (VA, USA), the largest tributary of the Potomac River (MD, USA) and an important source of drinking water, has been the site of extensive fish kills since 2004. Previous investigations indicate environmental stressors may be adversely modulating the immune system of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) and other species. Anterior kidney (AK) tissue, the major site of blood cell production in fish, was collected from smallmouth bass at three sites along the Shenandoah River. The tissue was divided for immune function and proteomics analyses. Bactericidal activity and respiratory burst were significantly different between North Fork and mainstem Shenandoah River smallmouth bass, whereas South Fork AK tissue did not significantly differ in either of these measures compared with the other sites. Cytotoxic cell activity was highest among South Fork and lowest among North Fork AK leukocytes. The composite two-dimension gels of the North Fork and mainstem smallmouth bass AK tissues contained 584 and 591 spots, respectively. South Fork smallmouth bass AK expressed only 335 proteins. Nineteen of 50 proteins analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight were successfully identified. Three of the four identified proteins with increased expression in South Fork AK tissue were involved in metabolism. Seven proteins exclusive to mainstem and North Fork smallmouth bass AK and expressed at comparable abundances serve immune and stress response functions. The proteomics data indicate these fish differ in metabolic capacity of AK tissue and in the ability to produce functional leukocytes. The variable responses of the immune function assays further indicate disruption to the immune system. Our results allow us to hypothesize underlying physiological changes that may relate to fish kills and suggest relevant contaminants known to produce similar physiological disruption. ?? 2008 SETAC.

Photodynamic therapy is more effective than imiquimod for actinic keratosis in organ transplant recipients: a randomized intraindividual controlled trial.

PubMed

Togsverd-Bo, K; Halldin, C; Sandberg, C; Gonzalez, H; Wennberg, A M; Sørensen, S S; Wulf, H C; Haedersdal, M

2018-04-01

Actinic keratoses (AKs) in solid organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are difficult-to-treat premalignancies and comparison of topical therapies is therefore warranted. In an intraindividual study to compare the efficacy and safety of field treatment with methyl aminolaevulinate photodynamic therapy (MAL-PDT) and imiquimod (IMIQ) for AKs in OTRs. OTRs (n = 35) with 572 AKs (grade I-III) in two similar areas on the face, scalp, dorsal hands or forearms were included. All patients received one MAL-PDT and one IMIQ session (three applications per week for 4 weeks) in each study area according to randomization. Treatments were repeated after 2 months (IMIQ) and 3 months (PDT) in skin with incomplete AK response. Outcome measures were complete lesion response (CR), skin reactions, laboratory results and treatment preference. The majority of study areas received two treatment sessions (PDT n = 25 patients; IMIQ n = 29 patients). At 3 months after two treatments, skin treated with PDT achieved a higher rate of CR (AK I-III median 78%; range 50-100) compared with IMIQ-treated skin areas (median 61%, range 33-100; P < 0·001). Fewer emergent AKs were seen in PDT-treated skin vs. IMIQ-treated skin (0·7 vs. 1·5 AKs, P = 0·04). Patients developed more intense inflammatory skin reactions following PDT, which resolved more rapidly compared with IMIQ (median 10 days vs. 18 days, P < 0·01). Patient preference (P = 0·47) and cosmesis (P > 0·30) were similar for PDT and IMIQ. Compared with IMIQ, PDT treatment obtained a higher rate of AK clearance at 3-month follow-up and achieved shorter-lasting, but more intense, short-term skin reactions. © 2017 British Association of Dermatologists.

Pathobiology and Immunobiology of Acanthamoeba Keratitis: Insights from Animal Models
.

PubMed

Neelam, Sudha; Niederkorn, Jerry Y

2017-06-01

Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a rare but sight-threatening disease caused by pathogenic species of Acanthamoeba . Despite its ubiquitous nature, the incidence of AK is relatively low compared to other forms of infectious keratitis. Although contact lens wear is a major risk factor, exposure to contaminated water and ocular trauma are also associated with AK. Once a patient develops AK the prognosis is very poor unless an aggressive treatment regimen is initiated early. Some of the intriguing features of AK are the lack of immunological memory, resistance of the dormant cyst form to treatment, differences between the pathogenic strains and soil isolates of Acanthamoeba and the unique role of the innate immune system in controlling this disease. Understanding the series of steps involved in the pathogenesis of the disease and the host immune response against Acanthamoeba antigens is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies targeting the disease.

76 FR 52942 - North Pacific Fishery Management Council; Public Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-24

...) Workgroup will meet in Anchorage, AK. DATES: The meeting will be held on September 14, 2011, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. ADDRESSES: The meeting will be held at the Clarion Suites, 1110 West 8th Avenue, Anchorage AK. Council address: North Pacific Fishery Management Council, 605 W. 4th Ave., Suite 306, Anchorage, AK 99501...

75 FR 23804 - Notice of Inventory Completion: Alaska State Office, Bureau of Land Management, Anchorage, AK...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-04

... University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI. The human remains were removed from Umnak Island, AK. This notice is... Island, located in the Fox Island group of the eastern Aleutian Islands, AK. These sites included the... probably removed at the direction of the late Dr. William Laughlin from Umnak Island as they were later...

50 CFR 679.90 - Allocation, use, and transfer of Amendment 80 QS permits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., NMFS, P.O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668; (ii) Fax: 907-586-7354; or (iii) Hand delivery or carrier: NMFS, Room 713, 709 West 9th Street, Juneau, AK 99801. (2) Application forms. Application forms are... Administrator, c/o Restricted Access Management Program, NMFS, P.O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668; (ii) Fax...

50 CFR 679.90 - Allocation, use, and transfer of Amendment 80 QS permits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., NMFS, P.O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668; (ii) Fax: 907-586-7354; or (iii) Hand delivery or carrier: NMFS, Room 713, 709 West 9th Street, Juneau, AK 99801. (2) Application forms. Application forms are... Administrator, c/o Restricted Access Management Program, NMFS, P.O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668; (ii) Fax...

50 CFR 679.90 - Allocation, use, and transfer of Amendment 80 QS permits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Restricted Access Management Program, NMFS, P.O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668; (ii) Fax: 907-586-7354; or (iii) Hand delivery or carrier: NMFS, Room 713, 709 West 9th Street, Juneau, AK 99801. (2) Application... Administrator, c/o Restricted Access Management Program, NMFS, P.O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668; (ii) Fax...

Comparison of the Treatment Guidelines for Actinic Keratosis: A Critical Appraisal and Review.

PubMed

Fleming, Patrick; Zhou, Stephanie; Bobotsis, Robert; Lynde, Charles

There are currently several reputable guidelines on the treatment of actinic keratosis (AK) from groups in Canada, the United Kingdom, and Europe. These recommendations, based on evidence or expert consensus, offer clinicians a variety of treatment options for the different clinical presentations of AKs. Although the guidelines are similar in some regards, variations exist in treatment options, duration, and strength of recommendation. Some guidelines also lack input on specific therapies and certain types of AK, such as hypertrophic or thin presentations. The purpose of this article is to review and compare guidelines published by Canadian, UK, and European groups for the management of AKs in patients.

Effects of early intraoral acesulfame-K stimulation to mice on the adult's sweet preference and the expression of α-gustducin in fungiform papilla.

PubMed

Chen, Meng-Ling; Liu, Si-Si; Zhang, Gen-Hua; Quan, Ying; Zhan, Yue-Hua; Gu, Tian-Yuan; Qin, Yu-Mei; Deng, Shao-Ping

2013-06-01

Exposure to artificial sweetener acesulfame-K (AK) at early development stages may influence the adult sweet preference and the periphery gustatory system. We observed that the intraoral AK stimulation to mice from postnatal day 4 (P4) to weaning decreased the preference thresholds for AK and sucrose solutions in adulthood, with the preference pattern unchanged. The preference scores were increased in the exposure group significantly when compared with the control group at a range of concentrations for AK or sucrose solution. Meanwhile, more α-Gustducin-labeled fungiform taste buds and cells in a single taste bud were induced from week 7 by the early intraoral AK stimulation. However, the growth in the number of α-Gustducin-positive taste bud or positive cell number per taste bud occurred only in the anterior region, the rostral 1-mm part, but not in the intermediate region, the caudal 4-mm part, of the anterior two-third of the tongue containing fungiform papillae. This work extends our previous observations and provides new information about the developmental and regional expression pattern of α-Gustducin in mouse fungiform taste bud under early AK-stimulated conditions.

Recombinant adenylate kinase 3 from liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis for histochemical analysis and serodiagnosis of clonorchiasis.

PubMed

Kwon, Soon Bin; Kim, Paul; Woo, Hae Sun; Kim, Tae Yun; Kim, Ju Yeong; Lee, Hye Min; Jang, Yun Soo; Kim, Eun-Min; Yong, Tai-Soon; Seong, Baik Lin

2018-03-27

Due to the lack of an effective prophylactic intervention and diagnosis, human liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis continues to afflict a large human population, causing a chronic inflammatory bile duct disease. With an aim to identify target antigens for sensitive serodiagnosis, adenylate kinase 3 of C. sinensis (CsAK3) was successfully expressed in soluble form in Escherichia coli by fusion to an RNA-interacting domain derived from human Lys-tRNA synthetase and purified by Ni2+-affinity chromatography. Anti-CsAK3 serum was raised by immunization of mice, and Western blotting confirmed that CsAK3 was expressed in adult-stage C. sinensis. Histochemical analysis showed that CsAK3 was localized to the subtegumental tissue of C. sinensis and was excreted into the bile duct of the host. When tested against sera from various parasite-infected patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the recombinant CsAK3 elicited a specific response to C. sinensis-infected sera. The results suggest that CsAK3, either alone or in combination with other antigens, could be used for improving the clinical diagnosis of clonorchiasis.

Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of 0.5% fluorouracil cream and 5% fluorouracil cream applied to each side of the face in patients with actinic keratosis.

PubMed

Loven, Keith; Stein, Linda; Furst, Katharine; Levy, Sharon

2002-06-01

A new 0.5% fluorouracil cream has been developed that provides an alternative to the more highly concentrated topical formulations of fluorouracil that are currently available. This was a comparison of the tolerability and efficacy of the 0.5% and 5% fluorouracil creams in the treatment of actinic keratosis (AK). During this single-blind, randomized study, patients with > or =6 AK lesions were treated for 4 weeks with the 0.5% (once daily) and 5% (twice daily) fluorouracil creams applied to opposite sides of the face. After the end of treatment, patients were followed for an additional 4 weeks. Efficacy variables included absolute and percent reductions in AK lesions from baseline and total clearance of AK lesions. A questionnaire was used to evaluate patients' treatment preferences. Tolerability was evaluated through continuous monitoring of adverse events. Treatment with 0.5% fluorouracil cream reduced the number of AK lesions from 11.3 at baseline to 2.5 at the end of the 4-week follow-up phase, compared with a reduction from 10.3 to 4.2 lesions after treatment with 5% fluorouracil cream. The reduction was significantly greater with the 0.5% cream compared with the 5% cream (P = 0.044). The 0.5% cream was as effective as the 5% cream in terms of the percent reduction in AK lesions from baseline (67% and 47%, respectively) and in achieving total clearance of AK lesions (both treatments, approximately 43% of patients). Both treatments were associated with similar degrees of investigator-rated irritation; however, patients preferred the 0.5% cream because they felt it was more tolerable (P = 0.003), easier to apply, and had a once-daily application schedule. Although all patients experienced facial irritation in association with both creams, fewer patients treated with the 0.5% cream reported symptoms of facial irritation. In this study, 0.5% fluorouracil cream once daily was at least as effective as 5% fluorouracil cream twice daily in terms of the percent reduction in AK lesions and total clearance of AK lesions; it was more effective than the 5% cream in reducing the absolute number of AK lesions from baseline. Patients preferred the 0.5% cream to the 5% cream.

Contribution of the backstreaming ions to the self-magnetic pinch (SMP) diode current

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mazarakis, Michael G.; Bennett, Nichelle; Cuneo, Michael E.; Fournier, Sean D.; Johnston, Mark D.; Kiefer, Mark L.; Leckbee, Joshua J.; Nielsen, Dan S.; Oliver, Bryan V.; Sceiford, Matthew E.; Simpson, Sean C.; Renk, Timothy J.; Ruiz, Carlos L.; Webb, Timothy J.; Ziska, Derek; Droemer, Darryl W.; Gignac, Raymond E.; Obregon, Robert J.; Wilkins, Frank L.; Welch, Dale R.

2018-04-01

The results presented here were obtained with a self-magnetic pinch (SMP) diode mounted at the front high voltage end of the RITS accelerator. RITS is a Self-Magnetically Insulated Transmission Line (MITL) voltage adder that adds the voltage pulse of six 1.3 MV inductively insulated cavities. The RITS driver together with the SMP diode has produced x-ray spots of the order of 1 mm in diameter and doses adequate for the radiographic imaging of high area density objects. Although, through the years, a number of different types of radiographic electron diodes have been utilized with SABER, HERMES III and RITS accelerators, the SMP diode appears to be the most successful and simplest diode for the radiographic investigation of various objects. Our experiments had two objectives: first to measure the contribution of the back-streaming ion currents emitted from the anode target and second to try to evaluate the energy of those ions and hence the Anode-Cathode (A-K) gap actual voltage. In any very high voltage inductive voltage adder utilizing MITLs to transmit the power to the diode load, the precise knowledge of the accelerating voltage applied on the A-K gap is problematic. This is even more difficult in an SMP diode where the A-K gap is very small (˜1 cm) and the diode region very hostile. The accelerating voltage quoted in the literature is from estimates based on the measurements of the anode and cathode currents of the MITL far upstream from the diode and utilizing the para-potential flow theories and inductive corrections. Thus, it would be interesting to have another independent measurement to evaluate the A-K voltage. The diode's anode is made of a number of high-Z metals in order to produce copious and energetic flash x-rays. It was established experimentally that the back-streaming ion currents are a strong function of the anode materials and their stage of cleanness. We have measured the back-streaming ion currents emitted from the anode and propagating through a hollow cathode tip for various diode configurations and different techniques of target cleaning treatment: namely, heating at very high temperatures with DC and pulsed current, with RF plasma cleaning, and with both plasma cleaning and heating. We have also evaluated the A-K gap voltage by energy filtering technique. Experimental results in comparison with LSP simulations are presented.

Photometric Study of the near-contact short period Algol system, AK Canis Minoris

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Samec, Ronald G.; McDermith, Richard J.; Gray, Jamison D.; Carrigan, Brian

1995-05-01

As a part of our departments new undergraduate research program, we are surveying the eccentric eclipsing binary (EEB) candidates of Hegedus (1988). AK CMi is listed as a system with a displaced secondary. The observations were taken 10 to 15 February 1994, inclusive, at Lowell Obsevatory, Flagstaff, Arizona. A thermoelectrically cooled EMI 6256S ( S-13 cathode) PMT was used in conjunction with the 0.78 m National Undergraduate Research Observatory reflector. Two precision epochs of minimicrons light were determined from the observations made during primary and secondary eclipses. They are: Min I = 2449396.7032(5) and Min II = 2449395.8546(3). Targeting the last twenty-three years of data, we calculated improved linear and quadratic ephemerides. The quadratic term, -1.0(2)E-10, suggests that AK CMi is undergoing a continuous period decrease. This may be due to magnetic braking arising from the fast rotating solar-type secondary component. There is little evidence from the present light curves that AK CMi has a eccentric orbit. Assymetries near secondary minima possibly induced by an intermittent gas stream may be responsible for the classification of AK CMi as an EEB. The light curve solution reveals that AK CMi is a short period Algol with an A spectral-type primary component and an early K-type secondary. We calculated mass ratio of 0.5 and a secondary component fillout of 90% showing that AK CMi is a near contact binary.

76 FR 55839 - Privacy Act of 1974; Proposed Implementation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-09

... . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Under 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2), the head of a Federal agency may promulgate rules to... provision of 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2), the Department of the Treasury proposes to exempt the Treasury .013... the Privacy Act pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2). The proposed rule will create a new table in...

Detection of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase Variants NDM-4, NDM-5, and NDM-7 in Enterobacter aerogenes Isolated from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a North India Hospital: A First Report.

PubMed

Ahmad, Nayeem; Ali, Syed Manazir; Khan, Asad U

2018-03-01

A total 402 Enterobacteriaceae isolates were recovered from blood and rectal swabs of 1,000 infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the Jawaharlal Medical College and Hospital Aligarh, India. Carbapenamase producers were determined by Carba NP phenotype biochemical assay. Out of 402 isolates, it was the first time three of the isolates were identified as Enterobacter aerogenes carrying bla NDM-4, bla NDM-5, and bla NDM-7 genes. These genes were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis. The isolates were further characterized to know the plasmid type and genetic environment features, including integron and IS elements. All the three E. aerogenes isolates (AK-93, AK-95, and AK-96) were resistant to all β-lactams, including carbapenems. The β-lactamase genes bla OXA-1 , bla OXA-9, bla SHV-1 , and bla VIM-2 were also found to be coassociated with bla NDM-4 in AK-93, bla OXA-1 , bla OXA-9, and bla CMY-149 were found to be coexisted with bla NDM-5 in AK-95, and bla OXA-1; bla OXA-9, and bla CMY-145 were also found to be coassociated with bla NDM-7 in AK-96, identified by PCR analysis. Plasmid-based replicon typing revealed plasmids of different incompatibility in E. aerogenes in each of the isolates, AK-93 AK-95, and AK-96, respectively. ERIC-PCR was performed for the analysis of genetic relatedness of the strains. We found bla NDM-4 , bla NDM-5, and bla NDM-7 producing three E. aerogenes strains, which were not clonally related. Genetic environment analysis revealed the presence of bleomycin resistance gene (ble MBL ) to downstream of bla NDM and complete ISAba125 sequence were found upstream of bla NDM in all the three variants of these isolates. This is the first time we have identified bla NDM-4 , bla NDM-5, and bla NDM-7 in E. aerogenes species, isolated from the NICU of a tertiary care hospital in India.

Clinico-pathological correlation in adenylate kinase 5 autoimmune limbic encephalitis

PubMed Central

Ng, Adeline S.L.; Kramer, Joel; Centurion, Alejandro; Dalmau, Josep; Huang, Eric; Cotter, Jennifer A.; Geschwind, Michael D.

2016-01-01

Autoantibodies associated with autoimmune limbic encephalitis (ALE) have been well-characterized, with intracellular neuronal antibodies being less responsive to immunotherapy than antibodies to cell surface antigens. Adenylate kinase 5 (AK5) is a nucleoside monophosphate kinase vital for neuronal-specific metabolism and is located intracellularly in the cytosol and expressed exclusively in the brain. Antibodies to AK5 had been previously identified but were not known to be associated with human disease prior to the report of two patients with AK5-related ALE (Tuzun et al., 2007). We present the complete clinical picture for one of these patients and the first reported neuropathology for AK5 ALE. PMID:26439959

Results of the Test Program for Replacement of AK-225G Solvent for Cleaning NASA Propulsion Oxygen Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lowrey, Nikki M.; Mitchell, Mark A.

2016-01-01

Since the 1990's, when the Class I Ozone Depleting Substance (ODS) chlorofluorocarbon-113 (CFC-113) was banned, NASA's propulsion test facilities at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and Stennis Space Center (SSC) have relied upon the solvent AsahiKlin AK-225 (hydrochlorofluorocarbon-225ca/cb or HCFC-225ca/cb) and, more recently AK-225G (the single isomer form, HCFC-225cb) to safely clean and verify the cleanliness of large scale propulsion oxygen systems. Effective January 1, 2015, the production, import, export, and new use of Class II Ozone Depleting Substances, including AK-225G, was prohibited in the United States by the Clean Air Act. In 2012 through 2014, NASA test labs at MSFC, SSC, and Johnson Space Center's White Sands Test Facility (WSTF) collaborated to seek out, test, and qualify a solvent replacement for AK-225G that is both an effective cleaner and safe for use with oxygen systems. This paper summarizes the tests performed, results, and lessons learned.

Results of the Test Program for Replacement of AK-225G Solvent for Cleaning NASA Propulsion Oxygen Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lowrey, Nikki M.; Mitchell, Mark A.

2016-01-01

Since the 1990's, when the Class I Ozone Depleting Substance chlorofluorocarbon-113 was banned, NASA's propulsion test facilities at Marshall Space Flight Center and Stennis Space Center have relied upon the solvent Asahiklin AK-225 (hydrochlorofluorocarbon-225ca/cb or HCFC-225ca/cb) and, more recently AK-225G (the single isomer form, HCFC-225cb) to safely clean and verify the cleanliness of large scale propulsion oxygen systems. Effective January 1, 2015, the production, import, export, and new use of Class II Ozone Depleting Substances, including AK-225G, was prohibited in the United States by the Clean Air Act. In 2012 through 2014, NASA test labs at MSFC, SSC, and Johnson Space Center's White Sands Test Facility collaborated to seek out, test, and qualify a solvent replacement for AK-225G that is both an effective cleaner and safe for use with oxygen systems. This paper summarizes the tests performed, results, and lessons learned.

EIF2AK4 Mutations in Pulmonary Capillary Hemangiomatosis

PubMed Central

Best, D. Hunter; Sumner, Kelli L.; Austin, Eric D.; Chung, Wendy K.; Brown, Lynette M.; Borczuk, Alain C.; Rosenzweig, Erika B.; Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar; Mao, Rong; Cahill, Barbara C.; Tazelaar, Henry D.; Leslie, Kevin O.; Hemnes, Anna R.; Robbins, Ivan M.

2014-01-01

Background: Pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis (PCH) is a rare disease of capillary proliferation of unknown cause and with a high mortality. Families with multiple affected individuals with PCH suggest a heritable cause although the genetic etiology remains unknown. Methods: We used exome sequencing to identify a candidate gene for PCH in a family with two affected brothers. We then screened 11 unrelated patients with familial (n = 1) or sporadic (n = 10) PCH for mutations. Results: Using exome sequencing, we identified compound mutations in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 α kinase 4 (EIF2AK4) (formerly known as GCN2) in both affected brothers. Both parents and an unaffected sister were heterozygous carriers. In addition, we identified two EIF2AK4 mutations in each of two of 10 unrelated individuals with sporadic PCH. EIF2AK4 belongs to a family of kinases that regulate angiogenesis in response to cellular stress. Conclusions: Mutations in EIF2AK4 are likely to cause autosomal-recessive PCH in familial and some nonfamilial cases. PMID:24135949

40 CFR 16.12 - Specific exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 1974 § 16.12 Specific exemptions. (a) Exemption under 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2)—(1) Systems of records... Personnel Security Files. EPA-46OCEFT/NEIC Master Tracking System. (2) Authority. Under 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2... U.S.C. 552a(k)(2): 5 U.S.C. 552a(c)(3); (d); (e)(1), (4)(G) and (4)(H); and (f)(2) through (5). EPA...

40 CFR 16.12 - Specific exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 1974 § 16.12 Specific exemptions. (a) Exemption under 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2)—(1) Systems of records... Personnel Security Files. EPA-46OCEFT/NEIC Master Tracking System. (2) Authority. Under 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2... U.S.C. 552a(k)(2): 5 U.S.C. 552a(c)(3); (d); (e)(1), (4)(G) and (4)(H); and (f)(2) through (5). EPA...

40 CFR 16.12 - Specific exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 1974 § 16.12 Specific exemptions. (a) Exemption under 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2)—(1) Systems of records... Personnel Security Files. EPA-46OCEFT/NEIC Master Tracking System. (2) Authority. Under 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2... U.S.C. 552a(k)(2): 5 U.S.C. 552a(c)(3); (d); (e)(1), (4)(G) and (4)(H); and (f)(2) through (5). EPA...

40 CFR 16.12 - Specific exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 1974 § 16.12 Specific exemptions. (a) Exemption under 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2)—(1) Systems of records... Personnel Security Files. EPA-46OCEFT/NEIC Master Tracking System. (2) Authority. Under 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2... U.S.C. 552a(k)(2): 5 U.S.C. 552a(c)(3); (d); (e)(1), (4)(G) and (4)(H); and (f)(2) through (5). EPA...

40 CFR 16.12 - Specific exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 1974 § 16.12 Specific exemptions. (a) Exemption under 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2)—(1) Systems of records... Personnel Security Files. EPA-46OCEFT/NEIC Master Tracking System. (2) Authority. Under 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2... U.S.C. 552a(k)(2): 5 U.S.C. 552a(c)(3); (d); (e)(1), (4)(G) and (4)(H); and (f)(2) through (5). EPA...

Alternative strategy for visceral leishmaniosis control: HisAK70-Salmonella Choleraesuis-pulsed dendritic cells.

PubMed

Domínguez-Bernal, Gustavo; Martínez-Rodrigo, Abel; Mas, Alicia; Blanco, M Mar; Orden, José A; De La Fuente, Ricardo; Carrión, Javier

2017-10-01

Here, we describe a novel approach that exploits an attenuated mutant of Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis as carrier to deliver a plasmid encoding protein HisAK70. Subsequently, dendritic cells (DCs) were pulsed with this vaccine vector. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the prepared HisAK70-S. Choleraesuis-pulsed DCs (HisAK70-SAL DCs) against visceral leishmaniosis (VL). In our ex vivo model of infection, the prepared formulations could decrease parasite growth by up to 80% by augmenting the production of IL-12p40 and by reducing arginase activity (ARG). Also, BALB/c mice when immunised with this formulation showed significant reduction in parasite burden in both spleen (20% of reduction) and liver (75% of reduction). The balance of the immune ratios IFN-γ/IL-10, TNF-α/IL-10, and IgG2a/IgG1 reflected the acquisition of an improved resistant phenotype in HisAK70-SAL DCs vaccinated mice compared to control mice. Our results suggest that HisAK70-SAL DCs could be a promising alternative approach for vaccine delivery that has the potential to fight Leishmania infantum (L. infantum) infection. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Purification and characterization of homo- and hetero-dimeric acetate kinases from the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris.

PubMed

Yu, L; Ishida, T; Ozawa, K; Akutsu, H; Horiike, K

2001-03-01

Two distinct forms of acetate kinase were purified to homogeneity from a sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris Miyazaki F. The enzymes were separated from the soluble fraction of the cells on anion exchange columns. One acetate kinase (AK-I) was a homodimer (alpha(S)(2)) and the other (AK-II) was a heterodimer (alpha(S)alpha(L)). On SDS-PAGE, alpha(L) and alpha(S) subunits migrated as bands of 49.3 and 47.8 kDa, respectively, but they had an identical N-terminal amino acid sequence. A rapid HPLC method was developed to directly measure ADP and ATP in assay mixtures. Initial velocity data for AK-I and AK-II were collected by this method and analyzed based on a random sequential mechanism, assuming rapid equilibrium for the substrate binding steps. All kinetic parameters for both the forward acetyl phosphate formation and the reverse ATP formation catalyzed by AK-I and AK-II were successfully determined. The two enzymes showed similar kinetic properties in Mg(2+) requirement, pH-dependence and magnitude of kinetic parameters. These results suggest that two forms of acetate kinase are produced to finely regulate the enzyme function by post-translational modifications of a primary gene product in Desulfovibrio vulgaris.

Eyebrow hairs from actinic keratosis patients harbor the highest number of cutaneous human papillomaviruses

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background Cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) infections seem to be associated with the onset of actinic keratosis (AK). This study compares the presence of cutaneous HPV types in eyebrow hairs to those in tissues of normal skin and skin lesions of 75 immunocompetent AK patients. Methods Biopsies from AK lesions, normal skin and plucked eyebrow hairs were collected from each patient. DNA from these specimens was tested for the presence of 28 cutaneous HPV (betaPV and gammaPV) by a PCR based method. Results The highest number of HPV prevalence was detected in 84% of the eyebrow hairs (63/75, median 6 types) compared to 47% of AK lesions (35/75, median 3 types) (p< 0.001) and 37% of normal skin (28/75, median 4 types) (p< 0.001), respectively. A total of 228 HPV infections were found in eyebrow hairs compared to only 92 HPV infections in AK and 69 in normal skin. In all three specimens HPV20, HPV23 and/or HPV37 were the most prevalent types. The highest number of multiple types of HPV positive specimens was found in 76% of the eyebrow hairs compared to 60% in AK and 57% in normal skin. The concordance of at least one HPV type in virus positive specimens was 81% (three specimens) and 88-93% of all three combinations with two specimens. Conclusions Thus, eyebrow hairs revealed the highest number of cutaneous HPV infections, are easy to collect and are an appropriate screening tool in order to identify a possible association of HPV and AK. PMID:23618013

Eyebrow hairs from actinic keratosis patients harbor the highest number of cutaneous human papillomaviruses.

PubMed

Schneider, Ines; Lehmann, Mandy D; Kogosov, Vlada; Stockfleth, Eggert; Nindl, Ingo

2013-04-24

Cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) infections seem to be associated with the onset of actinic keratosis (AK). This study compares the presence of cutaneous HPV types in eyebrow hairs to those in tissues of normal skin and skin lesions of 75 immunocompetent AK patients. Biopsies from AK lesions, normal skin and plucked eyebrow hairs were collected from each patient. DNA from these specimens was tested for the presence of 28 cutaneous HPV (betaPV and gammaPV) by a PCR based method. The highest number of HPV prevalence was detected in 84% of the eyebrow hairs (63/75, median 6 types) compared to 47% of AK lesions (35/75, median 3 types) (p< 0.001) and 37% of normal skin (28/75, median 4 types) (p< 0.001), respectively. A total of 228 HPV infections were found in eyebrow hairs compared to only 92 HPV infections in AK and 69 in normal skin. In all three specimens HPV20, HPV23 and/or HPV37 were the most prevalent types. The highest number of multiple types of HPV positive specimens was found in 76% of the eyebrow hairs compared to 60% in AK and 57% in normal skin. The concordance of at least one HPV type in virus positive specimens was 81% (three specimens) and 88-93% of all three combinations with two specimens. Thus, eyebrow hairs revealed the highest number of cutaneous HPV infections, are easy to collect and are an appropriate screening tool in order to identify a possible association of HPV and AK.

Long non‑coding RNA AK001796 contributes to cisplatin resistance of non‑small cell lung cancer.

PubMed

Liu, Bin; Pan, Chun-Feng; Ma, Teng; Wang, Jun; Yao, Guo-Liang; Wei, Ke; Chen, Yi-Jiang

2017-10-01

Cisplatin (DDP)‑based chemotherapy is the most widely used therapy for non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the existence of chemoresistance has become a major limitation in its efficacy. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to be involved in chemotherapy drug resistance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the biological role of lncRNA AK001796 in cisplatin‑resistant NSCLC A549/DDP cells. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) analysis was performed to monitor the differences in the expression of AK001796 in cisplatin-resistant (A549/DDP) cells and parental A549 cells. Cellular sensitivity to cisplatin and cell viability were examined using an MTT assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were measured using flow cytometry. The expression levels of cell cycle proteins cyclin C (CCNC), baculoviral IAP repeat containing 5 (BIRC5), cyclin‑dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and G2 and S phase‑expressed 1 (GTSE1) were assessed using RT‑qPCR and western blot analyses. It was found that the expression of AK001796 was increased in A549/DDP cells, compared with that in A549 cells. The knockdown of AK001796 by small interfering RNA reduced cellular cisplatin resistance and cell viability, and resulted in cell‑cycle arrest, with a marked increase in the proportion of A549/DDP cells in the G0/G1 phase. By contrast, the knockdown of AK001796 increased the number of apoptotic cancer cells during cisplatin treatment. It was also shown that the knockdown of AK001796 positively induced the expression of cell apoptosis‑associated factors, CCNC and BIRC5, and suppressed the expression of cell cycle‑associated factors, CDK1 and GTSE5. Taken together, these findings indicated that lncRNA AK001796 increased the resistance of NSCLC cells to cisplatin through regulating cell apoptosis and cell proliferation, and thus provides an attractive therapeutic target for NSCLC.

Predictors of femtosecond laser intrastromal astigmatic keratotomy efficacy for astigmatism management in cataract surgery.

PubMed

Day, Alexander C; Stevens, Julian D

2016-02-01

To evaluate the factors associated with the efficacy of femtosecond laser intrastromal astigmatic keratotomy (AK). Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom. Prospective case series. Eyes having intrastromal AK for corneal cylinder correction were analyzed. Preoperative biometric parameters included axial length, anterior chamber depth, central corneal thickness, and Ocular Response Analyzer corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF). Preoperative and 1-month postoperative corneal keratometry was measured using the Topcon KR8100PA topographer-autorefractor. Astigmatic analyses were performed using the Alpins method. The study analyzed 319 eyes of 213 patients with a mean target induced astigmatism of 1.24 diopters (D) ± 0.44 (SD), mean surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) of 0.71 ± 0.43 D, and mean difference vector of 0.79 ± 0.41 D. Two multiple regression models were constructed for SIA prediction. Model 1, based on previous manual limbal relaxing incision parameters, confirmed age and astigmatism meridian (with/against the rule and oblique) to be associated with SIA in addition to AK arc length, AK start depth, and preoperative corneal cylinder magnitude. Model 2, additionally considering other parameters, found only lower CH (-0.06 DC per unit CH), a higher CRF (0.04 D per unit CRF), and the astigmatism meridian to be independent predictors of greater SIA (after adjusting for intrastromal AK arc length, start depth, and preoperative corneal cylinder). With-the-rule astigmatism was associated with a 0.13 D higher SIA than against-the-rule astigmatism, holding all other variables constant. Corneal biomechanical parameters and astigmatism meridian were independent predictors of femtosecond laser intrastromal AK efficacy even after adjusting for AK arc length, AK start depth, and preoperative corneal cylinder. Dr. Stevens is a previous consultant to Optimedica, Inc. which is now part of Abbott Medical Optics, Inc. Drs. Stevens and Day have no financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned. Copyright © 2016 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring the symbiotic pangenome of the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Sinorhizobium meliloti is a model system for the studies of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. An extensive polymorphism at the genetic and phenotypic level is present in natural populations of this species, especially in relation with symbiotic promotion of plant growth. AK83 and BL225C are two nodule-isolated strains with diverse symbiotic phenotypes; BL225C is more efficient in promoting growth of the Medicago sativa plants than strain AK83. In order to investigate the genetic determinants of the phenotypic diversification of S. meliloti strains AK83 and BL225C, we sequenced the complete genomes for these two strains. Results With sizes of 7.14 Mbp and 6.97 Mbp, respectively, the genomes of AK83 and BL225C are larger than the laboratory strain Rm1021. The core genome of Rm1021, AK83, BL225C strains included 5124 orthologous groups, while the accessory genome was composed by 2700 orthologous groups. While Rm1021 and BL225C have only three replicons (Chromosome, pSymA and pSymB), AK83 has also two plasmids, 260 and 70 Kbp long. We found 65 interesting orthologous groups of genes that were present only in the accessory genome, consequently responsible for phenotypic diversity and putatively involved in plant-bacterium interaction. Notably, the symbiosis inefficient AK83 lacked several genes required for microaerophilic growth inside nodules, while several genes for accessory functions related to competition, plant invasion and bacteroid tropism were identified only in AK83 and BL225C strains. Presence and extent of polymorphism in regulons of transcription factors involved in symbiotic interaction were also analyzed. Our results indicate that regulons are flexible, with a large number of accessory genes, suggesting that regulons polymorphism could also be a key determinant in the variability of symbiotic performances among the analyzed strains. Conclusions In conclusions, the extended comparative genomics approach revealed a variable subset of genes and regulons that may contribute to the symbiotic diversity. PMID:21569405

A High-Affinity Adenosine Kinase from Anopheles Gambiae

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

M Cassera; M Ho; E Merino

2011-12-31

Genome analysis revealed a mosquito orthologue of adenosine kinase in Anopheles gambiae (AgAK; the most important vector for the transmission of Plasmodium falciparum in Africa). P. falciparum are purine auxotrophs and do not express an adenosine kinase but rely on their hosts for purines. AgAK was kinetically characterized and found to have the highest affinity for adenosine (K{sub m} = 8.1 nM) of any known adenosine kinase. AgAK is specific for adenosine at the nucleoside site, but several nucleotide triphosphate phosphoryl donors are tolerated. The AgAK crystal structure with a bound bisubstrate analogue Ap{sub 4}A (2.0 {angstrom} resolution) reveals interactionsmore » for adenosine and ATP and the geometry for phosphoryl transfer. The polyphosphate charge is partly neutralized by a bound Mg{sup 2+} ion and an ion pair to a catalytic site Arg. The AgAK structure consists of a large catalytic core in a three-layer {alpha}/{beta}/{alpha} sandwich, and a small cap domain in contact with adenosine. The specificity and tight binding for adenosine arise from hydrogen bond interactions of Asn14, Leu16, Leu40, Leu133, Leu168, Phe168, and Thr171 and the backbone of Ile39 and Phe168 with the adenine ring as well as through hydrogen bond interactions between Asp18, Gly64, and Asn68 and the ribosyl 2'- and 3'-hydroxyl groups. The structure is more similar to that of human adenosine kinase (48% identical) than to that of AK from Toxoplasma gondii (31% identical). With this extraordinary affinity for AgAK, adenosine is efficiently captured and converted to AMP at near the diffusion limit, suggesting an important role for this enzyme in the maintenance of the adenine nucleotide pool. mRNA analysis verifies that AgAK transcripts are produced in the adult insects.« less

Efficacy and safety of topical SR-T100 gel in treating actinic keratosis in Taiwan: A Phase III randomized double-blind vehicle-controlled parallel trial.

PubMed

Yang, Chao-Chun; Wong, Tak-Wah; Lee, Chih-Hung; Hong, Chien-Hui; Chang, Chung-Hsing; Lai, Feng-Jie; Lin, Shang-Hung; Chi, Ching-Chi; Lin, Tzu-Kai; Yen, Hsi; Wu, Chin-Han; Sheu, Hamm-Ming; Lan, Cheng-Che E

2018-06-01

Currently available topical treatments for actinic keratosis (AK) are associated with substantial side-effects. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical SR-T100 gel in treating AK. A multicenter, randomized, double-blinded phase III trial was conducted. Patients with at least two clinically visible AK were enrolled and a punch biopsy was performed on one of the AK to confirm the diagnosis. This study consisted of up to 16-week treatment and 8-week post-treatment periods. Medication was applied daily with occlusive dressing. 123 subjects were recruited and 113 were randomized. 76 subjects were in the SR-T100 and 37 in the vehicle arms. In SR-T100 and vehicle groups, 32.39% and 17.14% of subjects achieved complete clearance, respectively. For 75% partial clearance of lesions, 71.83% and 37.1% of subjects achieved this goal in SR-T100 and vehicle group, respectively. When comparing SR-T100 to vehicle, the odds ratio of complete clearance was 2.14 (p = 0.111), and odds ratio of partial clearance was 4.36 (p < 0.001). Severe local reactions were reported by only one subject using SR-T100. The imitation of the study was that not all the treated AK lesions were confirmed by histopathology. The diagnostic uncertainty may contribute to the high partial clearance rate in the vehicle group since the clinical-diagnosed AK showed higher clearance rate compared to histopathology-confirmed AK. The use of occlusive dressing was another possible explanation for high placebo effects. The results suggested that topical SR-T100 gel may be an effective and safe treatment for field therapy of AK. Copyright © 2018 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Exploring the symbiotic pangenome of the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Galardini, Marco; Mengoni, Alessio; Brilli, Matteo

Background: Sinorhizobium meliloti is a model system for the studies of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. An extensive polymorphism at the genetic and phenotypic level is present in natural populations of this species, especially in relation with symbiotic promotion of plant growth. AK83 and BL225C are two nodule-isolated strains with diverse symbiotic phenotypes; BL225C is more efficient in promoting growth of the Medicago sativa plants than strain AK83. In order to investigate the genetic determinants of the phenotypic diversification of S. meliloti strains AK83 and BL225C, we sequenced the complete genomes for these two strains. Results: With sizes of 7.14 Mbp andmore » 6.97 Mbp, respectively, the genomes of AK83 and BL225C are larger than the laboratory strain Rm1021. The core genome of Rm1021, AK83, BL225C strains included 5124 orthologous groups, while the accessory genome was composed by 2700 orthologous groups. While Rm1021 and BL225C have only three replicons (Chromosome, pSymA and pSymB), AK83 has also two plasmids, 260 and 70 Kbp long. We found 65 interesting orthologous groups of genes that were present only in the accessory genome, consequently responsible for phenotypic diversity and putatively involved in plant-bacterium interaction. Notably, the symbiosis inefficient AK83 lacked several genes required for microaerophilic growth inside nodules, while several genes for accessory functions related to competition, plant invasion and bacteroid tropism were identified only in AK83 and BL225C strains. Presence and extent of polymorphism in regulons of transcription factors involved in symbiotic interaction were also analyzed. Our results indicate that regulons are flexible, with a large number of accessory genes, suggesting that regulons polymorphism could also be a key determinant in the variability of symbiotic performances among the analyzed strains.« less

Actinic keratosis: a cross-sectional study of disease characteristics and treatment patterns in Danish dermatology clinics.

PubMed

Erlendsson, Andrés M; Egekvist, Henrik; Lorentzen, Henrik F; Philipsen, Peter A; Stausbøl-Grøn, Birgitte; Stender, Ida M; Haedersdal, Merete

2016-03-01

The incidence of actinic keratosis (AK) is increasing, and several treatment options are available. The aim of this study was to describe clinical characteristics and treatment patterns in patients with AK treated by Danish dermatologists. A multicenter, non-interventional, cross-sectional study was conducted. Three dermatology hospital departments and seven private dermatology clinics enrolled eligible AK patients consecutively during one week. A total of 312 patients were included. Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) was previously reported in 51.0% of patients and currently suspected in 9.4% of AK-affected anatomical regions. Lesions of AK were located primarily on the face (38.6%), scalp (12.8%), and hands (11.2%). Actinic keratosis commonly presented with multiple AK lesions (38.6%) and field cancerization (38.5%). The treatments used most frequently were cryotherapy (57.7%) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) with methyl aminolevulinate (17.1%) and imiquimod (11.2%). The likelihood of receiving cryotherapy was higher for men (odds ratio [OR] 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-2.47) and increased with age (2.2% per year, 0.4-4.0%). PDT represented the most frequently applied treatment for severe actinic damage and was more likely to be prescribed to women (OR 4.08, 95% CI 2.22-7.47) and young patients (OR 0.97 per year, 95% CI 0.95-0.99). The prevalence of severe actinic damage (17.3% versus 9.6%) and intake of immunosuppressive medication (29.0 versus 2.0) were higher among hospital patients compared with those treated in private practices (P < 0.0001). The majority of AK patients in Danish dermatology clinics have a history of skin cancer, and NMSC is suspected in almost 10% of AK-affected regions. Cryotherapy is the most frequently used treatment overall, except in instances of severe actinic damage, in which PDT is the first-choice treatment. © 2015 The International Society of Dermatology.

Treatment of Grade II and III Actinic Keratosis Lesions with a Film-Forming Medical Device Containing Sunscreen/Piroxicam 0.8% and a Retinoic Acid/Glycolic Gel: A Pilot Trial.

PubMed

Puviani, Mario; Milani, Massimo

2018-05-31

Lesion and field-targeted treatments of actinic keratosis (AK) are commonly indicated for grade I and II type lesions. Grade III lesions are in general more difficult to treat. A film-forming medical device containing piroxicam 0.8% and sunscreen (SPF 50+) (PS) has been shown to be effective in the treatment of grade I and II AK lesions. Topical and oral retinoids have been utilized in AK and non-melanoma skin cancers. Topical glycolic acid promotes keratolysis and stimulates collagen synthesis for repair and skin rejuvenation and could be useful in AK treatment strategies. A gel containing retinoid acid (0.02%) and glycolic acid (4%) (RC) is commercially available. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and local tolerability of a combined treatment approach with PS and RC in subjects with multiple grade II and III AK lesions. Twenty-two subjects (16 males and 6 females; mean age 68 years) with more than five AK lesions were enrolled after obtaining their informed consent in a 3-month trial. PS cream was applied twice daily every day and RC gel was applied twice daily for 2 consecutive days every week. The primary endpoint was the evolution of the AK mean number from baseline to the end of the trial. Secondary endpoints were the thickness of the target lesion (expressed in mm 3 ) and the erythema score (hemoglobin content), evaluated using a standardized computer-based image acquisition analysis system (Anthera 3D). At baseline, the mean (SD) lesion number was 7.7 (3) for grade II and 1.4 (1) for grade III AK. At the end of the study, a significant (P = 0.001) reduction was observed for both grade II (- 81%; from 7.7 to 1.5) and grade III (- 22%) lesions. Six grade III lesions out of 31 (20%), presented at baseline, completely disappeared at month 3. For grade III lesions, a significant mean thickness reduction of 51% was observed at month 3. The erythema score (all lesions) was reduced by 70%. Four patients out of 22 (18%) were completely free of AK lesions at month 3. No severe side effects were reported. In this exploratory trial, a combined treatment with a cream containing piroxicam and sunscreen and a retinoic/glycolic gel was associated with a substantial reduction of both grade II and III AK lesions with good local tolerability. Cantabria Labs Difa Cooper.

Influence of Information Framing on Patient Decisions to Treat Actinic Keratosis.

PubMed

Berry, Katherine; Butt, Melissa; Kirby, Joslyn S

2017-05-01

Actinic keratosis (AK) is a skin growth induced by UV light exposure that requires long-term management because a small proportion of the disease can progress to squamous cell carcinoma. The influence of how clinicians frame or present information to patients may affect decision making about AK. To evaluate the differences in patients' decisions on whether to receive treatment for AK related to information presentation or choice framing. A prospective survey study was performed from June 1 to July 31, 2016, in participants who were able to read English. Participants were recruited through the Penn State Milton S. Hershey Dermatology Clinic and an online survey site. The survey was conducted through an online portal. A total of 571 individuals were recruited. Regression analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, and test-retest validation were conducted. The proportions of patients choosing to receive treatment for AK. Analyses were performed to adjust for age, sex, educational level, history of skin cancer, and history of AK. Of the 571 recruited participants, 539 (94.4%) returned completed surveys. The mean (SD) age of respondents was 42.9 (17.8) years; 306 (56.8%) were women. The decision to receive treatment for AK varied from 57.7% (n = 311) to 92.2% (n = 497) for the 5 scenarios presented in the questions (P < .001). The question that presented AK as a "precancer" had the highest proportion of participants who preferred treatment (497 [92.2%]). Two questions that presented the risk of AK as not progressing to cancer had the lowest proportion of individuals who chose treatment (311 [57.7%] and 328 [60.9%]). Participants from the clinic and from the online portal were significantly different in age (mean [SD] age, 56.1 [17.6] vs 33.3 [10.0] years), sex (145 [63.6%] vs 161 [51.8%] were females), educational level (40 [17.5%] vs 80 [25.7%] had completed some graduate school), history of AK (46 [20.2%] vs 19 [6.1%] answered yes), and history of skin cancer (76 [33.3%] vs 15 [4.8%] answered yes) (all P ≤ .001). Based on a regression analysis, age, sex, and previous diagnosis of skin cancer were not significantly associated with the participants' responses. This study found that patients' decisions on whether to receive treatment for AK is significantly affected by physician wording, especially with alterations in the presentation of risk of malignant transformation.

Influence of Information Framing on Patient Decisions to Treat Actinic Keratosis

PubMed Central

Berry, Katherine; Butt, Melissa

2017-01-01

Importance Actinic keratosis (AK) is a skin growth induced by UV light exposure that requires long-term management because a small proportion of the disease can progress to squamous cell carcinoma. The influence of how clinicians frame or present information to patients may affect decision making about AK. Objective To evaluate the differences in patients’ decisions on whether to receive treatment for AK related to information presentation or choice framing. Design, Setting, and Participants A prospective survey study was performed from June 1 to July 31, 2016, in participants who were able to read English. Participants were recruited through the Penn State Milton S. Hershey Dermatology Clinic and an online survey site. The survey was conducted through an online portal. A total of 571 individuals were recruited. Regression analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, and test-retest validation were conducted. Main Outcomes and Measures The proportions of patients choosing to receive treatment for AK. Analyses were performed to adjust for age, sex, educational level, history of skin cancer, and history of AK. Results Of the 571 recruited participants, 539 (94.4%) returned completed surveys. The mean (SD) age of respondents was 42.9 (17.8) years; 306 (56.8%) were women. The decision to receive treatment for AK varied from 57.7% (n = 311) to 92.2% (n = 497) for the 5 scenarios presented in the questions (P < .001). The question that presented AK as a “precancer” had the highest proportion of participants who preferred treatment (497 [92.2%]). Two questions that presented the risk of AK as not progressing to cancer had the lowest proportion of individuals who chose treatment (311 [57.7%] and 328 [60.9%]). Participants from the clinic and from the online portal were significantly different in age (mean [SD] age, 56.1 [17.6] vs 33.3 [10.0] years), sex (145 [63.6%] vs 161 [51.8%] were females), educational level (40 [17.5%] vs 80 [25.7%] had completed some graduate school), history of AK (46 [20.2%] vs 19 [6.1%] answered yes), and history of skin cancer (76 [33.3%] vs 15 [4.8%] answered yes) (all P ≤ .001). Based on a regression analysis, age, sex, and previous diagnosis of skin cancer were not significantly associated with the participants’ responses. Conclusions and Relevance This study found that patients’ decisions on whether to receive treatment for AK is significantly affected by physician wording, especially with alterations in the presentation of risk of malignant transformation. PMID:28114674

Differences in Disease-specific Quality of Life in Patients with Actinic Keratosis in Australia and Denmark.

PubMed

Miller, Iben Marie; Vinding, Gabrielle; Zarchi, Kian; Esmann, Solveig; Murrell, Dedee F; Jemec, Gregor B

2016-04-01

Actinic keratosis (AK) negatively influences patient quality of life as measured by the disease-specific Actinic Keratosis Quality of Life (AKQoL) questionnaire. The quality of life in Australian patients was significantly less affected than in Danish patients. We hypothesize that general factors such as public awareness and cultural connotations of AK, may influence the impact of AK on quality of life (QoL).

Keratin, luminal epithelial antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen in human urinary bladder carcinomas. An immunohistochemical study.

PubMed

Nathrath, W B; Arnholdt, H; Wilson, P D

1982-01-01

14 urinary bladder carcinomas of all main types were investigated with antisera to "broad spectrum keratin" (aK), "luminal epithelial antigen" (aLEA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (aCEA), using an indirect immunoperoxidase method on formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections. Keratin and LEA were both present in normal transitional epithelium, papilloma and carcinoma in situ whereas CEA was absent. Transitional cell carcinomas reacted with both aK and aLEA whereas CEA was seen only in a few foci. In squamous metaplasia and squamous carcinoma reaction with aK was particularly strong, while LEA was almost lacking and CEA was present in necrotic centres. In adenocarcinomas aK and aLEA reacted equally while aCEA reacted only on the surface.

Semi-Local DFT Functionals with Exact-Exchange-Like Features: Beyond the AK13

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Armiento, Rickard

The Armiento-Kümmel functional from 2013 (AK13) is a non-empirical semi-local exchange functional on generalized gradient approximation form (GGA) in Kohn-Sham (KS) density functional theory (DFT). Recent works have established that AK13 gives improved electronic-structure exchange features over other semi-local methods, with a qualitatively improved orbital description and band structure. For example, the Kohn-Sham band gap is greatly extended, as it is for exact exchange. This talk outlines recent efforts towards new exchange-correlation functionals based on, and extending, the AK13 design ideas. The aim is to improve the quantitative accuracy, the description of energetics, and to address other issues found with the original formulation. Swedish e-Science Research Centre (SeRC).

Medication education program for Indian children with asthma: A feasibility stud.

PubMed

Grover, C; Goel, N; Armour, C; Van Asperen, P P; Gaur, S N; Moles, R J; Saini, B

2016-01-01

It is postulated that children with asthma who receive an interactive, comprehensive, culturally relevant education program would improve their asthma knowledge (AK), asthma control, and adherence compared with children receiving usual care. The aim of this study was to develop, implement, and evaluate the efficacy of a culturally relevant asthma education intervention for children with asthma and their parents in India. Children with asthma (7-12 years) and their parents were recruited from an outpatient clinic in a Chest Diseases Hospital in New Delhi, and were randomly assigned to either an intervention or usual care group. At baseline, outcome data collected included pediatric asthma caregiver quality of life (PACQL, primary outcome), AK, asthma control, adherence, inhaler technique, action plan ownership, and goal achievement. These data were collected again at 1 and 6 months after baseline. Outcomes were compared within and between groups using ANOVA techniques. Forty parent-child pairs were recruited. Of these, 24 pairs of children with asthma and their parents received the educational intervention. The PACQL significantly improved from baseline to 6 months in the intervention (5.87 ± 0.94-7.00 ± 0.03) versus the usual care group (5.90 ± 0.52-6.34 ± 0.56) (P < 0.001). Other outcomes such as the parents' and child's AK, child's asthma control and inhaler technique were significantly improved in the intervention group across the study. All the participants possessed a written asthma action plan at the end of the intervention. Eighty-five goals were set by children with asthma across all the visits and were achieved by completion. An asthma educator delivered interactive program simultaneously involving children with asthma and their parents, improved quality of life, empowered and promoted better self-management skills.

Transplant rejection

MedlinePlus

... Antibodies References Abbas AK, Lichtman AH, Pillai S. Transplantation immunology. In: Abbas AK, Lichtman AH, Pillai S, eds. Cellular and Molecular Immunology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 17. ...

Effectiveness and confounding factors of penetrating astigmatic keratotomy in clinical practice

PubMed Central

Yen, Chu-Yu; Tseng, Gow-Lieng

2018-01-01

Abstract Rationale: Penetrating astigmatic keratotomy (penetrating AK) is a well-known method to correct corneal astigmatism but rarely be performed nowadays. This article reevaluated the clinical effectiveness and confounding factors of penetrating AK. Patient concerns: Penetrating AK has been introduced to serve as one alternative operation for astigmatism correction, and is thought to have the potential advantage of being more affordable and easy to perform. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the effectiveness and confounding factors of penetrating AK. Diagnoses: The chart of 95 patients with corneal astigmatism (range: 0.75–3.25 diopters [D]) who received penetrating AK from January 2014 to December 2016 was collected. The corneal astigmatism were measured by an autokeratometer (Topcon KR8100PA topographer-autorefractor), and repeated with manual keratometer in low reproducibility cases. Interventions: All patients received penetrating AK by an experienced ophthalmologist (Dr. Gow-Lieng Tseng, MD, PHD) in the operation room. Among which, 66 patients received penetrating AK with phacoemulsification simultaneously (group A), whereas 29 patients received penetrating AK at least 3 months after phacoemulsification (group B). After excluding the patients combined with other procedures or lost followed up, 79 patients are remaining for analysis. The outcome was evaluated by net correction, the difference between preoperative corneal astigmatism (PCA) and residual corneal astigmatism (RCA). Two sample t tests and Pearson test were used for effectiveness evaluation. For confounding factors, multivariate linear regression was used for statistical analysis. Outcomes: The mean preoperative and postoperative refractive cylinders were 1.97 ± 0.77 and 1.08 ± 0.64 D, respectively, in group A and 2.62 ± 1.05 and 1.51 ± 0.89 D in group B. There were no statistically significant differences in net correction between these two groups (0.9 ± 0.66 vs. 1.1 ± 0.69, P = .214). Higher PCA were associated with higher net correction in both group A (P = .002) and group B (P = .019). Compound myopic astigmatism caused less net correction than others only in group A (P = 0.031). Lessons: Penetrating AK is an accessible, affordable, and effective way to correct corneal astigmatism. The results of this procedure are comparable to modern methods in patients with low to moderate corneal astigmatism. PMID:29369200

Province, Indonesia

PubMed

Endarti, Dwi; Satibi, Satibi; Kristina, Susi Ari; Farida, Muhaya Almira; Rahmawanti, Yuni; Andriani, Tika

2018-04-27

Objective: To determine knowledge, perception, and acceptance related to cervical cancer, HPV vaccination and screening for cervical cancer among Indonesian women, particularly in Yogyakarta province. Methods: A convenience sample of 392 women consists of 192 young women, 100 mothers of girls aged 12 – 15 years, and 100 adult women in Yogyakarta province, Indonesia was participated in this study. A self-administered paper-based questionnaire was used to determine demographics characteristics of respondents, as well as their knowledge – perception – acceptance related to cervical cancer, HPV vaccination, and screening for cervical cancer. Data collection were conducted during December 2013 to March 2014. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze description of demographics characteristics, knowledge, perception, and acceptance; while crosstab analysis using Chi-Square was used to analyze the relationship between demographics characteristics versus knowledge, perception, and acceptance. Results: This study found that knowledge and perception regarding cervical cancer, HPV vaccination, and screening for cervical cancer among women in Indonesia, particularly in Yogyakarta Province were still insufficient, however the acceptance was good. Among female young women, 64% had good knowledge, 62% had positive perception of cervical cancer and HPV vaccination, and 92% tended to accept HPV vaccination. Among mothers of girls aged 12 – 15 years, 44% had good knowledge, 46% had positive perception of cervical cancer and HPV vaccination, and 91% tended to accept HPV vaccination for their daughters. Among adult women, 68% had good knowledge, 57% had positive perception of cervical cancer and screening for cervical cancer, and 90% tended to accept cervical cancer screening. In general, demographics characteristics of having experience and exposure to information had significant relationship with knowledge, perception, and acceptance of HPV vaccination and screening for cervical cancer. Conclusions: Either knowledge or perception of cervical cancer and strategies toward it among Indonesian women particularly in Yogyakarta province were still unsatisfied. Efforts should be improved for supporting cervical cancer prevention and control in Indonesia through such as education on cervical cancer disease and strategies toward it. Creative Commons Attribution License

Discovery of genetic variants of the kinases that activate tenofovir among individuals in the United States, Thailand, and South Africa: HPTN067.

PubMed

Figueroa, Dominique B; Tillotson, Joseph; Li, Maoji; Piwowar-Manning, Estelle; Hendrix, Craig W; Holtz, Timothy H; Bokoch, Kevin; Bekker, Linda-Gail; van Griensven, Frits; Mannheimer, Sharon; Hughes, James P; Grant, Robert M; Bumpus, Namandjé N

2018-01-01

Tenofovir (TFV), a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor, requires two phosphorylation steps to form a competitive inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase. Adenylate kinase 2 (AK2) has been previously demonstrated to phosphorylate tenofovir to tenofovir-monophosphate, while creatine kinase, muscle (CKM), pyruvate kinase, muscle (PKM) and pyruvate kinase, liver and red blood cell (PKLR) each have been found to phosphorylate tenofovir-monophosphate to the pharmacologically active tenofovir-diphosphate. In the present study, genomic DNA isolated from dried blood spots collected from 505 participants from Bangkok, Thailand; Cape Town, South Africa; and New York City, USA were examined for variants in AK2, CKM, PKM, and PKLR using next-generation sequencing. The bioinformatics tools SIFT and PolyPhen predicted that 19 of the 505 individuals (3.7% frequency) carried variants in at least one kinase that would result in a decrease or loss of enzymatic activity. To functionally test these predictions, AK2 and AK2 variants were expressed in and purified from E. coli, followed by investigation of their activities towards tenofovir. Interestingly, we found that purified AK2 had the ability to phosphorylate tenofovir-monophosphate to tenofovir-diphosphate in addition to phosphorylating tenofovir to tenofovir-monophosphate. Further, four of the six AK2 variants predicted to result in a loss or decrease of enzyme function exhibited a ≥30% decrease in activity towards tenofovir in our in vitro assays. Of note, an AK2 K28R variant resulted in a 72% and 81% decrease in the formation of tenofovir-monophosphate and tenofovir-diphosphate, respectively. These data suggest that there are naturally occurring genetic variants that could potentially impact TFV activation.

A randomized trial comparing simultaneous vs. sequential field treatment of actinic keratosis with ingenol mebutate on two separate areas of the head and body.

PubMed

Pellacani, G; Peris, K; Guillen, C; Clonier, F; Larsson, T; Venkata, R; Puig, S

2015-11-01

Actinic keratoses (AKs) are precursors to invasive squamous cell carcinoma and can progress if untreated. Limited data support the use of ingenol mebutate to treat AKs on more than one area of the body simultaneously. To investigate safety, efficacy and treatment satisfaction when treating separate areas simultaneously or sequentially with different concentrations of ingenol mebutate gel. In this phase IIIb study (NCT01787383), patients with clinically visible, non-hyperkeratotic AKs on two separate treatment areas (face/scalp and trunk/extremities) were randomized to simultaneous or sequential treatment with ingenol mebutate gel (0.015% and 0.05%). Endpoints included composite local skin response (LSR) score 3 days after first application, complete AK clearance and percentage reduction in AKs at week 8. There were no statistically significant differences between simultaneous (n = 101) and sequential (n = 98) groups in composite LSR score (10.4 vs. 9.7), complete clearance (52.7% vs. 46.9%) or percentage reduction in AKs (83.4% vs. 79.1%). Mean composite LSR scores on face/scalp and trunk/extremities were similar for both groups. Adverse event (AE) incidence was comparable between groups, the most common treatment-related AEs being pruritus and pain at the application site. Treating AKs with ingenol mebutate simultaneously or sequentially gave similar results in terms of tolerability (LSR score, AEs) and efficacy (complete clearance). Therefore, the physician and patient can select the most convenient treatment regimen, with confidence in achieving a similar outcome. © 2015 LEO Pharma A/S. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.

Development of a nomogram for femtosecond laser astigmatic keratotomy for astigmatism after keratoplasty.

PubMed

St Clair, Ryan M; Sharma, Anushree; Huang, David; Yu, Fei; Goldich, Yakov; Rootman, David; Yoo, Sonia; Cabot, Florence; Jun, Jason; Zhang, Lijun; Aldave, Anthony J

2016-04-01

To develop a nomogram for femtosecond laser astigmatic keratotomy (AK) to treat post-keratoplasty astigmatism. Three academic medical centers. Retrospective interventional case series. A review of post-keratoplasty femtosecond laser AK was performed. Uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, manifest refraction, and keratometry were recorded preoperatively and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The location, length, depth, and diameter of the AK incisions were recorded, and the surgically induced astigmatic correction was related to these variables using regression analysis. One hundred forty femtosecond laser AK procedures were performed after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) (n = 129) or deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) (n =11), with 89 procedures (80 PKP, 9 DALK) included in the analysis. The mean CDVA improved from 20/59 (0.47 logMAR ± 0.38 [SD]) preoperatively to 20/45 (0.35 ± 0.31 logMAR) postoperatively (P = .013) (n = 46). The mean keratometric astigmatism decreased from 8.26 ± 2.90 diopters (D) preoperatively to 3.62 ± 2.59 D postoperatively (P < .0001) (n = 89). The mean refractive cylinder decreased from 6.77 ± 2.80 D preoperatively to 2.85 ± 2.57 D postoperatively (P < .0001) (n = 69). A nomogram for femtosecond laser AK to treat post-keratoplasty astigmatism was generated using regression analysis. Femtosecond laser AK significantly improved UDVA and CDVA and significantly reduced keratometric astigmatism and refractive cylinder after keratoplasty. The nomogram generated should improve the accuracy of post-keratoplasty femtosecond laser AK. None of the authors has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned. Copyright © 2016 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The U.S. M-16 rifle versus the Russian AK-47 rifle. A comparison of terminal ballistics.

PubMed

Swan, K G; Swan, R C; Levine, M G; Rocko, J M

1983-09-01

The standard U.S. military rifle (M-16) is substantially more destructive than its Russian counterpart (AK-47) when fired at short range into clay blocks, despite the fact that the AK-47 is of larger caliber and fires a much heavier bullet with a kinetic energy (muzzle) 25% greater when compared to the M-16. The decisive factor is the 40% greater muzzle velocity of the M-16.

The fabrication and characterization of barium titanate/akermanite nano-bio-ceramic with a suitable piezoelectric coefficient for bone defect recovery.

PubMed

Shokrollahi, H; Salimi, F; Doostmohammadi, A

2017-10-01

In recent years, due to the controllable mechanical properties and degradation rate, calcium silicates such as akermanite (Ca 2 MgSi 2 O 7 ) with Ca-Mg and Si- containing bio-ceramics have received much more attention. In addition, the piezoelectric effect plays an important role in bone growth, remodeling and defect healing. To achieve our objective, the porous bioactive nano-composite with a suitable piezoelectric coefficient was fabricated by the freeze-casting technique from the barium titanate and nano-akermanite (BT/nAK) suspension. The highest d 33 of 4pC/N was obtained for BT90/nAK10. The compressive strength and porosity were for BT75/nAK25 and BT60/nAK40 at the highest level, respectively. The average pore channel diameter was 41 for BT75/nAK25. Interestingly enough, the inter-connected pore channel was observed in the SEM images. There was no detectable transformation phase in the XRD pattern for the BT/nAK composites. The manipulation flexibility of this method indicated the potential for the customized needs in the application of bone substitutes. An ((3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)) MTT assay indicated that the obtained scaffolds have no cytotoxic effects on the human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Mining, Validation, and Clinical Significance of Colorectal Cancer (CRC)-Associated lncRNAs.

PubMed

Sun, Xiangwei; Hu, Yingying; Zhang, Liang; Hu, Changyuan; Guo, Gangqiang; Mao, Chenchen; Xu, Jianfeng; Ye, Sisi; Huang, Guanli; Xue, Xiangyang; Guo, Aizhen; Shen, Xian

2016-01-01

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the deadliest tumours, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. The involvement of differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in CRC tumorigenesis makes them suitable tumour biomarkers. Here, we screened 150 cases of CRC and 85 cases of paracancerous tissues in the GEO database for differentially expressed lncRNAs. The levels of lncRNA candidates in 84 CRC and paracancerous tissue samples were validated by qRT-PCR and their clinical significance was analyzed. We identified 15 lncRNAs with differential expression in CRC tumours; among them, AK098081 was significantly up-regulated, whereas AK025209, BC040303, BC037331, AK026659, and CR749831 were down-regulated in CRC. In a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve for the six lncRNAs was 0.914. High expression of AK098081 and low expression of BC040303, CR749831, and BC037331 indicated poor CRC differentiation. CRC patients with lymph node metastasis had lower expression of BC037331. In addition, the group with high AK098081 expression presented significantly lower overall survival and disease-free survival rates than the low-expression group, confirming AK098081 as an independent risk factor for CRC patients. In conclusion, we have identified multiple CRC-associated lncRNAs from microarray expression profiles that can serve as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC.

Validation of a prediction model that allows direct comparison of the Oxford Knee Score and American Knee Society clinical rating system.

PubMed

Maempel, J F; Clement, N D; Brenkel, I J; Walmsley, P J

2015-04-01

This study demonstrates a significant correlation between the American Knee Society (AKS) Clinical Rating System and the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and provides a validated prediction tool to estimate score conversion. A total of 1022 patients were prospectively clinically assessed five years after TKR and completed AKS assessments and an OKS questionnaire. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated significant correlations between OKS and the AKS knee and function scores but a stronger correlation (r = 0.68, p < 0.001) when using the sum of the AKS knee and function scores. Addition of body mass index and age (other statistically significant predictors of OKS) to the algorithm did not significantly increase the predictive value. The simple regression model was used to predict the OKS in a group of 236 patients who were clinically assessed nine to ten years after TKR using the AKS system. The predicted OKS was compared with actual OKS in the second group. Intra-class correlation demonstrated excellent reliability (r = 0.81, 95% confidence intervals 0.75 to 0.85) for the combined knee and function score when used to predict OKS. Our findings will facilitate comparison of outcome data from studies and registries using either the OKS or the AKS scores and may also be of value for those undertaking meta-analyses and systematic reviews. ©2015 The British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery.

An Extremely Low Mid-infrared Extinction Law toward the Galactic Center and 4% Distance Precision to 55 Classical Cepheids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Xiaodian; Wang, Shu; Deng, Licai; de Grijs, Richard

2018-06-01

Distances and extinction values are usually degenerate. To refine the distance to the general Galactic Center region, a carefully determined extinction law (taking into account the prevailing systematic errors) is urgently needed. We collected data for 55 classical Cepheids projected toward the Galactic Center region to derive the near- to mid-infrared extinction law using three different approaches. The relative extinction values obtained are {A}J/{A}{K{{s}}}=3.005,{A}H/{A}{K{{s}}}=1.717, {A}[3.6]/{A}{K{{s}}}=0.478,{A}[4.5]/{A}{K{{s}}}=0.341, {A}[5.8]/{A}{K{{s}}}=0.234,{A}[8.0]/{A}{K{{s}}} =0.321,{A}W1/{A}{K{{s}}}=0.506, and {A}W2/{A}{K{{s}}}=0.340. We also calculated the corresponding systematic errors. Compared with previous work, we report an extremely low and steep mid-infrared extinction law. Using a seven-passband “optimal distance” method, we improve the mean distance precision to our sample of 55 Cepheids to 4%. Based on four confirmed Galactic Center Cepheids, a solar Galactocentric distance of R 0 = 8.10 ± 0.19 ± 0.22 kpc is determined, featuring an uncertainty that is close to the limiting distance accuracy (2.8%) for Galactic Center Cepheids.

Actinic keratosis and diabetes complications: A nationwide population-based study in South Korea (2009-2015).

PubMed

Lee, YoungBok; Lee, JiHyun; Choi, JinYoung; Yu, DongSoo; Han, KyungDo; Park, Yong-Gyu

2017-11-29

As the associations between actinic keratosis (AK) and diabetes complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have never been investigated, this study aimed to evaluate any such associations in patients with DM. This retrospective cohort study analyzed clinical data for DM patients aged>40 years who had undergone the health examination recommended by the South Korea National Health Insurance Program between 2009 and 2012 (n=2,056,580). All of these patients were classified according to the presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR), end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and history of DVD; myocardial infarction, stroke, transient ischaemic attacks. Newly diagnosed AK was identified using claims data from baseline to the date of diagnosis or 31 December 2015, whichever came first. Of the 2,056,580 patients with DM, 6404 (0.31%) developed AK. Those patients in the DR, ESRD and CVD groups were more likely to be diagnosed with AK (P<0.001, by log-rank test). After adjusting for age and gender, the risks for AK were significantly higher in the DR, ESRD and CVD groups: HR (95% CI): 1.29 (1.21-1.39), HR: 4.24 (3.28-5.47) and HR: 1.22 (1.13-1.31), respectively. This study has revealed that the incidence of AK is higher in diabetes patients with ocular, renal and cardiovascular complications. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Necrosis

MedlinePlus

... Meningococcemia associated purpura Necrosis of the toes References Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Cellular responses to ... and toxic insults: adaptation, injury, and death. In: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, eds. Robbins and ...

Calcification

MedlinePlus

... A. Bones, joints, and soft tissue tumors. In: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, eds. Robbins and ... ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015:chap 26. Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Cellular responses to ...

CARVE Measurements of Atmospheric Methane Concentrations and Emissions in Arctic and Boreal Alaska

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miller, C. E.; Miller, J. B.; Chang, R. Y.; Sweeney, C.; Karion, A.; Wofsy, S. C.; Henderson, J.; Eluszkiewicz, J.; Mountain, M.; Oechel, W. C.

2013-12-01

The Carbon in Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment (CARVE) is a NASA Earth Ventures (EV-1) investigation designed to quantify correlations between atmospheric and surface state variables for the Alaskan terrestrial ecosystems through intensive seasonal aircraft campaigns, ground-based observations, and analysis sustained over a 5-year mission. CARVE bridges critical gaps in our knowledge and understanding of Arctic ecosystems, linkages between the Arctic hydrologic and terrestrial carbon cycles, and the feedbacks from fires and thawing permafrost. We present CARVE airborne measurements of spatial and temporal patterns in atmospheric CH4 concentrations and estimated surface-atmosphere emissions for Arctic and Boreal Alaska. Continuous in situ CH4, CO2 and CO data are supplemented by periodic whole air flask samples from which 13CH4 and non-methane hydrocarbons are used to assess the relative contributions of wetlands, fossil fuel combustion, and oil and gas production to the observed CH4 signals. The CARVE project has also initiated monthly 14CH4 sampling at Barrow, AK (BRW) and the CARVE Tower in Fox, AK (CRV) to evaluate seasonal changes in the fraction of old carbon being mobilized via methanogenesis.

Gangrene

MedlinePlus

... 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:1061-1067. Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Cellular responses to ... and toxic insults: adaptation, injury, and death. In: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, eds. Robbins and ...

Acanthamoeba keratitis: an emerging disease gathering importance worldwide?

PubMed

Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob; Martín-Navarro, Carmen María; López-Arencibia, Atteneri; Arnalich-Montiel, Francisco; Piñero, José E; Valladares, Basilio

2013-04-01

Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is increasingly being recognized as a severe sight-threatening ocular infection worldwide. Although contact lens wear is the leading risk factor for AK, Acanthamoeba parasites are also an important cause of keratitis in non-contact lens wearers. Diagnosis of AK is challenging, and the available treatments are lengthy and not fully effective against all strains. The pathogenesis of Acanthamoeba is still under study, and the identification of the key factors involved in this process should be useful for the development of fully effective therapies. This review focuses on recent developments on AK pathogenesis and diagnosis as well as novel strategies for the evaluation of anti-amoebic agents that could be applied in the near future against these pathogens. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Regime of validity of the pairing Hamiltonian in the study of Fermi gases

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chang, S. Y.; Pandharipande, V. R.

2006-06-01

The ground state energy and pairing gap of the interacting Fermi gases calculated by the ab initio stochastic method are compared with those estimated from the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer pairing Hamiltonian. We discuss the ingredients of this Hamiltonian in various regimes of interaction strength. In the weakly interacting (1/ak{sub F}<<0) regime the BCS Hamiltonian should describe Landau quasiparticle energies and interactions, on the other hand, in the strongly pairing regime, that is, 1/ak{sub F} > or approx. 0, it becomes part of the bare Hamiltonian. However, the bare BCS Hamiltonian is not adequate for describing atomic gases in the regime of weakmore » to moderate interaction strength -{infinity}<1/ak{sub F}<0 such as ak{sub F}{approx}-1.« less

A Survey of Data-Base Information Systems Relevant to Navy Requirements Planning

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-02-01

SHIPS \\ AK (FEM) T-AK (FEM) AKD/T-AKO _" ’ AKL/T-AKL AKM MULTIPURPOSE CAR 0 SHI’’S AKR VEHICLE CARGO SHIPS . -■, AK3 ANL AO OILER AC • NEW...the most demanding condition of operation for which a ship must be manned. ( a ) At sea in wartime. (b) Capable of performing all offensive... ship , and aircraft) researchers and others could quickly obtain basic information. 3. The Navy currently maintains a number of related

Characterization of a GHF45 cellulase, AkEG21, from the common sea hare Aplysia kurodai

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rahman, Mohammad; Inoue, Akira; Ojima, Takao

2014-08-01

The common sea hare Aplysia kurodai is known to be a good source for the enzymes degrading seaweed polysaccharides. Recently four cellulases, i.e., 95 kDa, 66 kDa, 45 kDa and 21 kDa enzymes, were isolated from A. kurodai (Tsuji et al., PLoS ONE, 8, e65418, 2013). The former three cellulases were regarded as glycosyl-hydrolase-family 9 (GHF9) enzymes, while the 21 kDa cellulase was suggested to be a GHF45 enzyme. The 21 kDa cellulase was significantly heat stable, and appeared to be advantageous in performing heterogeneous expression and protein-engineering study. In the present study, we determined some enzymatic properties of the 21 kDa cellulase and cloned its cDNA to provide the basis for the protein engineering study of this cellulase. The purified 21 kDa enzyme, termed AkEG21 in the present study, hydrolyzed carboxymethyl cellulose with an optimal pH and temperature at 4.5 and 40oC, respectively. AkEG21 was considerably heat-stable, i.e., it was not inactivated by the incubation at 55oC for 30 min. AkEG21 degraded phosphoric-acid-swollen cellulose producing cellotriose and cellobiose as major end products but hardly degraded oligosaccharides smaller than tetrasaccharide. This indicated that AkEG21 is an endolytic ?-1,4-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4). A cDNA of 1,013 bp encoding AkEG21 was amplified by PCR and the amino-acid sequence of 197 residues was deduced. The sequence comprised the initiation Met, the putative signal peptide of 16 residues for secretion and the catalytic domain of 180 residues, which lined from the N-terminus in this order. The sequence of the catalytic domain showed 47-62% amino-acid identities to those of GHF45 cellulases reported in other mollusks. Both the catalytic residues and the N-glycosylation residues known in other GHF45 cellulases were conserved in AkEG21. Phylogenetic analysis for the amino-acid sequences suggested the close relation between AkEG21 and fungal GHF45 cellulases.

Phaeobacterium nitratireducens gen. nov., sp. nov., a phototrophic gammaproteobacterium isolated from a mangrove forest sediment sample.

PubMed

Nupur; Tanuku, Naga Radha Srinivas; Shinichi, Takaichi; Pinnaka, Anil Kumar

2015-08-01

A novel brown-coloured, Gram-negative-staining, rod-shaped, motile, phototrophic, purple sulfur bacterium, designated strain AK40T, was isolated in pure culture from a sediment sample collected from Coringa mangrove forest, India. Strain AK40T contained bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the rhodopin series as major photosynthetic pigments. Strain AK40T was able to grow photoheterotrophically and could utilize a number of organic substrates. It was unable to grow photoautotrophically and did not utilize sulfide or thiosulfate as electron donors. Thiamine and riboflavin were required for growth. The dominant fatty acids were C12 : 0, C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). The polar lipid profile of strain AK40T was found to contain diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and eight unidentified lipids. Q-10 was the predominant respiratory quinone. The DNA G+C content of strain AK40T was 65.5 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that the isolate represented a member of the family Chromatiaceae within the class Gammaproteobacteria. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain AK40T was closely related to Phaeochromatium fluminis, with 95.2% pairwise sequence similarity to the type strain; sequence similarity to strains of other species of the family was 90.8-94.8%. Based on the sequence comparison data, strain AK40T was positioned distinctly outside the group formed by the genera Phaeochromatium, Marichromatium, Halochromatium, Thiohalocapsa, Rhabdochromatium and Thiorhodovibrio. Distinct morphological, physiological and genotypic differences from previously described taxa supported the classification of this isolate as a representative of a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Phaeobacterium nitratireducens gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Phaeobacterium nitratireducens is AK40T ( = JCM 19219T = MTCC 11824T).

Imhoffiella gen. nov., a marine phototrophic member of the family Chromatiaceae including the description of Imhoffiella purpurea sp. nov. and the reclassification of Thiorhodococcus bheemlicus Anil Kumar et al. 2007 as Imhoffiella bheemlica comb. nov.

PubMed

Nupur, Nupur; Saini, Mohit Kumar; Singh, Pradeep Kumar; Korpole, Suresh; Srinivas Tanuku, Naga Radha; Takaichi, Shinichi; Pinnaka, Anil Kumar

2017-06-01

A coccoid-shaped phototrophic purple sulfur bacterium, strain AK35T, was isolated from a coastal surface water sample collected from Visakhapatnam, India. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, motile and purple, containing bacteriochlorophyll a and the carotenoid rhodopinal as major photosynthetic pigments. Strain AK35T was able to grow photoheterotrophically and could utilize a number of organic substrates. It was unable to grow photoautotrophically. Strain AK35T was able to utilize sulfide and thiosulfate as electron donors. The main fatty acids present were identified as C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c, and C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2OH (summed feature 3). Strain AK35T contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and six unidentified lipids as polar lipids. The G+C content of the DNA of strain AK35T was 63.1 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that the isolate represented a member of the family Chromatiaceae. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain AK35T is phylogenetically distinctly positioned outside the groups of most members of the genus Thiorhodococcus, clustered with members of the genera Marichromatium and Phaeochromatium, but was most closely related to Thiorhodococcus bheemlicus with a pairwise sequence similarity of 98.75 %. Based on DNA-DNA hybridization between strain AK35T and Thiorhodococcus bheemlicus MTCC 8120T a relatedness of 39.46 % was established. Distinct morphological, physiological and genotypic differences from these previously described taxa supported the classification of the new isolate as a representative of a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Imhoffiella purpurea gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Imhoffiella purpurea is AK35T (=JCM 18851T=KCTC 15575T=MTCC 12304T). In addition, Thiorhodococcus bheemlicus is recognized as another species of this genus and transferred to Imhoffiella bheemlica comb. nov.

Staff - Gina Graham | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

Science.gov Websites

Gina Graham Gina Graham Position: Geologist, Mineral Resources Address: 3354 College Road Fairbanks, AK Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) 3354 College Road, Fairbanks, AK 99709

78 FR 78824 - North Pacific Fishery Management Council; Public Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-27

...-17 at the Hilton Hotel, 500 West Third Avenue, Katmai/King Salmon, Anchorage, AK. DATES: The workshop... Anchorage Hilton Hotel, 500 West Third Avenue, Anchorage, AK. Council address: North Pacific Fishery...

Genetics Home Reference: Rett syndrome

MedlinePlus

... NC, Zappella M, Renieri A, Huppke P, Percy AK; RettSearch Consortium. Rett syndrome: revised diagnostic criteria and ... 2):118-28. Review. Citation on PubMed Percy AK, Lane JB. Rett syndrome: model of neurodevelopmental disorders. ...

Mariniradius saccharolyticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Cyclobacteriaceae isolated from marine aquaculture pond water, and emended descriptions of the genus Aquiflexum and Aquiflexum balticum.

PubMed

Bhumika, V; Srinivas, T N R; Ravinder, K; Kumar, P Anil

2013-06-01

A novel marine, Gram-stain-negative, oxidase- and catalase- positive, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain AK6(T), was isolated from marine aquaculture pond water collected in Andhra Pradesh, India. The fatty acids were dominated by iso-C15:0, iso-C17:1ω9c, iso-C15:1 G, iso-C17:0 3-OH and anteiso-C15:0. Strain AK6(T) contained MK-7 as the sole respiratory quinone and phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminophospholipid, one unidentified phospholipid and seven unidentified lipids as polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain AK6(T) was 45.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain AK6(T) formed a distinct branch within the family Cyclobacteriaceae and clustered with Aquiflexum balticum DSM 16537(T) and other members of the family Cyclobacteriaceae. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed that Aquiflexum balticum DSM 16537(T) was the nearest neighbour, with pairwise sequence similarity of 90.1%, while sequence similarity with the other members of the family was <88.5%. Based on differentiating phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic inference, strain AK6(T) is proposed as a representative of a new genus and species of the family Cyclobacteriaceae, as Mariniradius saccharolyticus gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Mariniradius saccharolyticus is AK6(T) (=MTCC 11279(T)=JCM 17389(T)). Emended descriptions of the genus Aquiflexum and Aquiflexum balticum are also proposed.

Shrimp arginine kinase being a binding protein of WSSV envelope protein VP31

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ma, Cuiyan; Gao, Qiang; Liang, Yan; Li, Chen; Liu, Chao; Huang, Jie

2016-11-01

Viral entry into the host is the earliest stage of infection in the viral life cycle in which attachment proteins play a key role. VP31 (WSV340/WSSV396), an envelope protein of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), contains an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide domain known as a cellular attachment site. At present, the process of VP31 interacting with shrimp host cells has not been explored. Therefore, the VP31 gene was cloned into pET30a (+), expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21 and purified with immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography. Four gill cellular proteins of shrimp ( Fenneropenaeus chinensis) were pulled down by an affinity column coupled with recombinant VP31 (rVP31), and the amino acid sequences were identified with MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. Hemocyanin, beta-actin, arginine kinase (AK), and an unknown protein were suggested as the putative VP31 receptor proteins. SDS-PAGE showed that AK is the predominant binding protein of VP31. An i n vitro binding activity experiment indicated that recombinant AK's (rAK) binding activity with rVP31 is comparable to that with the same amount of WSSV. These results suggested that AK, as a member of the phosphagen kinase family, plays a role in WSSV infection. This is the first evidence showing that AK is a binding protein of VP31. Further studies on this topic will elucidate WSSV infection mechanism in the future.

Predisposing factors of actinic keratosis in a North-West German population.

PubMed

Hensen, Peter; Müller, Marcel L; Haschemi, Ramin; Ständer, Hartmut; Luger, Thomas A; Sunderkötter, Cord; Schiller, Meinhard

2009-01-01

The growing incident rates of skin cancer and their corresponding precursor lesions, e.g. actinic keratosis (AK), among Caucasians have become an important public health problem. A multicenter case-control study was conducted to identify the risk factors of AK of a prototypical Central European population. The study population comprised a total of 331 cases and 383 controls. Using multivariate analysis we identified ten independent variables predicting the AK risk. The five most crucial were age (OR 1.11; 95% CI 1.08-1,14), gender (OR 3.92; 95% CI 2.42-6.36), history of previous skin malignancies (OR 6.47; 95% CI 3.21-13.03), pale skin phototype (OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.53-4.06), and sun exposure for occupational reasons (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.01-2.92). Additionally, sun exposure for recreational reasons, denial of the use of sunscreens, painful sunburn episodes before the age of 20, and a familial history of skin malignancies are also significant independent correlates of AK. Our epidemiological data suggest that constitutional susceptibility and sunlight exposure are equally involved in the onset of AK. Additional prophylactic and educational efforts should focus on increasing sun protection policies and educational programs especially aimed at outdoor workers, men, fair skinned individuals and patients with a history of previous skin malignancies. These measures should be able to reduce the excessive incidence rates of AK among Caucasians in Central Europe.

Clinical effect of imiquimod 5% cream in the treatment of actinic keratosis.

PubMed

Persaud, Andrea N; Shamuelova, Eleonora; Sherer, Daniel; Lou, Wendy; Singer, Giselle; Cervera, Christina; Lamba, Sumedha; Lebwohl, Mark G

2002-10-01

Actinic keratosis (AK) is the earliest clinical manifestation of squamous cell carcinoma. Metastatic SCC causes the majority of the 1300 to 2300 deaths attributed to nonmelanoma skin cancer in the United States each year. Recent studies have shown that intralesional administration of interferon can be used successfully in the treatment of AK. Imiquimod is an immune response modifier, currently approved for the treatment of genital warts. The topically applied immune response modifier acts by up-regulating interferon and other cytokines involved in the cell-mediated immune response at the site of application. The aim of this was to determine the efficacy and safety of imiquimod 5% cream for the treatment of AK. Twenty-two patients with AK lesions were treated with imiquimod 5% cream, initially at 3 times per week for 8 weeks, or until total clearance of lesions. Patients applied imiquimod to lesions on one side of the body and vehicle cream to the other side. A total of 17 patients who completed treatment were evaluated for number of lesions and adverse reactions before treatment and at weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8 after initiation of treatment. AK lesions were also assessed 4 and 8 weeks after treatment. A significant reduction in the average number of lesions per patient was observed for patients treated with imiquimod. The most frequent reactions to treatment were erythema, itching, and scabbing; however, all adverse events were mild to moderate. Imiquimod 5% cream may be a promising treatment for AK.

The Ia.2 Epitope Defines a Subset of Lipid Raft Resident MHC Class II Molecules Crucial to Effective Antigen Presentation1

PubMed Central

Busman-Sahay, Kathleen; Sargent, Elizabeth; Harton, Jonathan A.; Drake, James R.

2016-01-01

Previous work has established that binding of the 11-5.2 anti-I-Ak mAb, which recognizes the Ia.2 epitope on I-Ak class II molecules, elicits MHC class II signaling, whereas binding of two other anti-I-Ak mAb that recognize the Ia.17 epitope fail to elicit signaling. Using a biochemical approach, we establish that the Ia.2 epitope recognized by the widely used 11-5.2 mAb defines a subset of cell surface I-Ak molecules predominantly found within membrane lipid rafts. Functional studies demonstrate that the Ia.2 bearing subset of I-Ak class II molecules is critically necessary for effective B cell–T cell interactions especially at low antigen doses, a finding consistent with published studies on the role of raft-resident class II molecules in CD4 T cell activation. Interestingly, B cells expressing recombinant I-Ak class II molecules possessing a β chain-tethered HEL peptide lack the Ia.2 epitope and fail to partition into lipid rafts. Moreover, cells expressing Ia.2 negative tethered peptide-class II molecules are severely impaired in their ability to present both tethered peptide or peptide derived from exogenous antigen to CD4 T cells. These results establish the Ia.2 epitope as defining a lipid raft-resident MHC class II confomer vital to the initiation of MHC class II restricted B cell–T cell interactions. PMID:21543648

Averaged kick maps: less noise, more signal…and probably less bias

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pražnikar, Jure; Afonine, Pavel V.; Gunčar, Gregor

2009-09-01

Averaged kick maps are the sum of a series of individual kick maps, where each map is calculated from atomic coordinates modified by random shifts. These maps offer the possibility of an improved and less model-biased map interpretation. Use of reliable density maps is crucial for rapid and successful crystal structure determination. Here, the averaged kick (AK) map approach is investigated, its application is generalized and it is compared with other map-calculation methods. AK maps are the sum of a series of kick maps, where each kick map is calculated from atomic coordinates modified by random shifts. As such, theymore » are a numerical analogue of maximum-likelihood maps. AK maps can be unweighted or maximum-likelihood (σ{sub A}) weighted. Analysis shows that they are comparable and correspond better to the final model than σ{sub A} and simulated-annealing maps. The AK maps were challenged by a difficult structure-validation case, in which they were able to clarify the problematic region in the density without the need for model rebuilding. The conclusion is that AK maps can be useful throughout the entire progress of crystal structure determination, offering the possibility of improved map interpretation.« less

Staff - Scott W. Crass | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

Position: Analyst/Programmer, Volcanology Address: 3354 College Road Fairbanks, AK 99709-3707 Phone: (907 Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) 3354 College Road, Fairbanks, AK 99709 Phone: (907) 451-5000 Fax

76 FR 78144 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Anaktuvuk Pass, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-16

... Anaktuvuk Pass Airport, Anaktuvuk Pass, AK. The creation of two standard instrument approach procedures at... 700 feet above the surface, at Anaktuvuk Pass Airport, to accommodate the creation of two standard...

49 CFR Appendix B to Part 194 - High Volume Areas

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Glaise, AR. Wisconsin River Wisconsin Rapids, WI. Yukon River Fairbanks, AK. Other Navigable Waters Arthur Kill Channel, NY Cook Inlet, AK Freeport, TX Los Angeles/Long Beach Harbor, CA Port Lavaca, TX San...

49 CFR Appendix B to Part 194 - High Volume Areas

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Glaise, AR. Wisconsin River Wisconsin Rapids, WI. Yukon River Fairbanks, AK. Other Navigable Waters Arthur Kill Channel, NY Cook Inlet, AK Freeport, TX Los Angeles/Long Beach Harbor, CA Port Lavaca, TX San...

49 CFR Appendix B to Part 194 - High Volume Areas

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Glaise, AR. Wisconsin River Wisconsin Rapids, WI. Yukon River Fairbanks, AK. Other Navigable Waters Arthur Kill Channel, NY Cook Inlet, AK Freeport, TX Los Angeles/Long Beach Harbor, CA Port Lavaca, TX San...

49 CFR Appendix B to Part 194 - High Volume Areas

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Glaise, AR. Wisconsin River Wisconsin Rapids, WI. Yukon River Fairbanks, AK. Other Navigable Waters Arthur Kill Channel, NY Cook Inlet, AK Freeport, TX Los Angeles/Long Beach Harbor, CA Port Lavaca, TX San...

DNR Recorder's Office

Science.gov Websites

(Physical Location) 400 Willoughby Ave 3rd Floor Juneau, AK 99801 (907) 465-2514 (Fax) 465-3454 Anchorage AND PHYSICAL LOCATION Paula Bradley, Recorder Manager 550 West 7th Ave. Suite #108 Anchorage, AK 99501

75 FR 55309 - Procurement List Proposed Additions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-10

... . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This notice is published pursuant to 41 U.S.C 47(a)(2) and 41 CFR 51-2.3. Its purpose..., Anchorage, AK. NPA: MQC Enterprises, Inc., Anchorage, AK. Contracting Activity: Dept of Transportation...

Ann Sevi Ak Tout Entelijans Elev Ayisyen Yo: Yon Seri leson matematik ak syans pou elev edikasyon jeneral ak elev edikasyon espesyal (4em-8em ane) = Tapping into Haitian Students' Multiple Intelligences: A Collection of Mathematics and Science Lessons for General and Special Education Students (Grades 4-8).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York City Board of Education, Brooklyn, NY. Office of Bilingual Education.

The materials consist of five mathematics and five science lessons for Haitian bilingual students in general and special education in grades 4-8. A thematic/interdisciplinary approach was used in designing the lesson, incorporating theory of multiple intelligences, Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives, and other learning theories. The…

BRCC36, A Novel Subunit of a BRCA1/2 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex: Candidate Breast Cancer Susceptibility Gene

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-09-01

Hancock, A.K. Godwin, And Anthony T. Yeung. Enzymatic and Chemical Cleavage Methods to Identify Genetic Variation. In Molecular Diagnostics (Ed. G...R.G.H. Cotton, L. Hancock, A.K. Godwin, And Anthony T. Yeung. Enzymatic and Chemical Cleavage Methods to Identify Genetic Variation. In Molecular ... Diagnostics (Ed. G. Patrinos and W Ansorge) in press 2005. 9 Godwin, A.K., Ph.D. E-CONCLUSIONS: E.1. "BRCC36, a Novel Subunit of a BRCA1/2 E3 Ubiquitin

A Neutron and X-ray Diffraction Study of Ca-Mg-Cu Metallic Glasses (Preprint)

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-07-01

A.L. Patterson, Z Kristallogr 90(1935)517. 29. A.K. Soper , J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 19(2007)335206. 30. P.G. Mikolaj and C.J. Pings, Phys. Chem...Liq. 1(1968)93. 31. P.J. Black and J.A. Cundall, Acta Cryst. 19(1965)807. 32. A.C. Hannon, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 551(2005)88. 33. A.K. Soper ...Gudrun software: http://www.isis.stfc.ac.uk/instruments/sandals/data- analysis/gudrun8864.html. 34. A.C. Hannon, W.S. Howells and A.K. Soper , IOP Conf

Murine Ia-associated invariant chain's processing to complex oligosaccharide forms and its dissociation from the I-Ak complex.

PubMed

Holt, G D; Swiedler, S J; Freed, J H; Hart, G W

1985-07-01

The processing of murine invariant chain (Ii) to a cell surface form bearing complex N-linked oligosaccharides has been demonstrated in the B cell lymphoma, AKTB-1b. In addition, the rate of processing of pulse-labeled Ii has been determined relative to its rate of dissociation from the alpha/beta complex of I-Ak. Ii, alpha-, and beta-chains were immunoprecipitated with anti-I-Ak or anti-Ii monoclonal antibodies. The heretofore uncharacterized complex oligosaccharide form of Ii (Ii-c) was identified in gel-purified immunoprecipitates by peptide mapping with reverse-phase HPLC. Ii-c is resistant to deglycosylation by Endo H, which is specific for high-mannose N-linkages, but can be digested with Endo F, a glycosidase capable of cleaving both complex and high-mannose N-linked oligosaccharides. Immunoprecipitation of surface iodinated cells indicates that Ii-c is expressed on the plasma membrane. Pulse-chase metabolic labeling data show that the processing of Ii to Ii-c occurs with a t1/2 of about 120 min. In contrast, the processing of both alpha- and beta-chains of I-Ak to complex forms occurs with a t1/2 of 15 to 20 min. Our data show that Ii-hm begins to dissociate rapidly from the I-Ak complex after 100 to 120 min of chase. Only a small amount (less than 5% on a per mole basis) of Ii-c was found associated with the I-Ak complexes after 300 min of continuous metabolic labeling. These results are consistent with Ii serving as a carrier for Ia antigens as they are transported to the cell surface. In addition, they suggest that the processing of Ii to Ii-c, or a late processing event of the alpha- and beta-chains, such as their sialylation, may be a possible mechanism for inducing the dissociation of Ii from the I-Ak complex.

Caldimonas meghalayensis sp. nov., a novel thermophilic betaproteobacterium isolated from a hot spring of Meghalaya in northeast India.

PubMed

Rakshak, K; Ravinder, K; Nupur; Srinivas, T N R; Kumar, P Anil

2013-12-01

While studying the microbial diversity of hot springs of North-east India we isolated a strain AK31T from the Jakrem hot spring of Meghalaya. The strain formed light yellow colonies on nutrient agar and was Gram negative, non spore-forming rods, motile with single polar flagellum. The strain was positive for oxidase and catalase and hydrolysed starch and weakly urea. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C16:0 (34.8 %), C17:0 cyclo (27.1 %), C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2OH (summed feature 3) (9.6 %), C10:0 3OH (8.0 %), C12:0 (5.8 %), C14:0 (5.3 %) and C18:1 ω7c (5.3 %). Strain AK31T contained ubiquinone-8 as the major respiratory quinone and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified phospholipids and one unidentified glycolipid as the polar lipids. The G + C content of the DNA of the strain AK31T was 66.7 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain AK31T was member of the genus Caldimonas and closely related to Caldimonas manganoxidans JCM 10698T and Caldimonas taiwanensis On1T with 96.9 % similarity and with Aquincola tertiaricarbonis L10T and Azohydromonas australica IAM 12664T with 96.5 and 96.4 % similarity respectively. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the strain AK31T clustered with C. manganoxidans JCM 10698T and C. taiwanensis On1T with a phylogenetic distance of 3.25 %. Based on data from the current polyphasic study, strain AK31T is proposed as a novel species of the genus Caldimonas, for which the name Caldimonas meghalayensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of C. meghalayensis is AK31T (= MTCC 11703T = JCM 18786T).

Arginine kinase in the cladoceran Daphnia magna: cDNA sequencing and expression is associated with resistance to toxic Microcystis.

PubMed

Lyu, Kai; Zhang, Lu; Zhu, Xuexia; Cui, Guilian; Wilson, Alan E; Yang, Zhou

2015-03-01

Nutrient loading derived from anthropogenic activities into lakes have increased the frequency, severity and duration of toxic cyanobacterial blooms around the world. Although herbivorous zooplankton are generally considered to be unable to control toxic cyanobacteria, populations of some zooplankton, including Daphnia, have been shown to locally adapt to toxic cyanobacteria and suppress cyanobacterial bloom formation. However, little is known about the physiology of zooplankton behind this phenomenon. One possible explanation is that some zooplankton may induce more tolerance by elevating energy production, thereby adding more energy allocation to detoxification expenditure. It is assumed that arginine kinase (AK) serves as a core in temporal and spatial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) buffering in cells with high fluctuating energy requirements. To test this hypothesis, we studied the energetic response of a single Daphnia magna clone exposed to a toxic strain of Microcystis aeruginosa, PCC7806. Arginine kinase of D. magna (Dm-AK) was successfully cloned. An ATP-gua PtransN domain which was described as a guanidine substrate specificity domain and an ATP-gua Ptrans domain which was responsible for binding ATP were both identified in the Dm-AK. Phylogenetic analysis of AKs in a range of arthropod taxa suggested that Dm-AK was as dissimilar to other crustaceans as it was to insects. Dm-AK transcript level and ATP content in the presence of M. aeruginosa were significantly lower than those in the control diet containing only the nutritious chlorophyte, Scenedesmus obliquus, whereas the two parameters in the neonates whose mothers had been previously exposed to M. aeruginosa were significantly higher than those of mothers fed with pure S. obliquus. These findings suggest that Dm-AK might play an essential role in the coupling of energy production and utilization and the tolerance of D. magna to toxic cyanobacteria. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Knowledge, Attitudes Toward, and Acceptability of Genetic Modification among Western Balkan University Students of Life Sciences (AGREE Study).

PubMed

Veličković, Vladica; Jović, Marko; Nalić, Ena; Višnjić, Aleksandar; Radulović, Olivera; Šagrić, Čedomir; Ćirić, Milan

2016-01-01

There are still no data on the attitudes and acceptance of genetic modification (GM) food in European developing countries, such as the Western Balkan countries. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance of GM but also to shed light on the multifactorial process leading to acceptance of genetic modifications among Western Balkan students of life sciences. In this cross-sectional study, the final study population sample was composed of 1251 university students. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire consisting of 49 items composed of 5 sections taken from the literature. Attitudes toward GM were analyzed by using Q-mode factor analysis and principal component analysis was run for the assessment of perception of personal health risks. The acceptability of GM was analyzed in binary probit models assessing the acceptability of GM products in different areas of application with Q models, sociodemographic variables, perception of personal health risks factors, respondents' knowledge about biotechnology, gender, and age as explanatory variables. This study demonstrated that students of life sciences supported the implementation of GM in industry and medicine production but not in food production. Their acceptance was most influenced by 3 out of 5 attitude models that were identified (p < 0.0001). Regarding the perception of personal health risks, the factor "credence risks" was seen as a negative predictor of acceptance of GM in industry and food production (p < 0.05). The main knowledge predictor of rejecting GM was misconception, whereas real knowledge had no impact (p < 0.0001). The AGREE study provided the first rough picture of the knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance of GM in this area. Given the target population, it could be expected that the general population's acceptance of all observed elements, especially knowledge, would be lower.

RadNet Air Data From Anchorage, AK

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This page presents radiation air monitoring and air filter analysis data for Anchorage, AK from EPA's RadNet system. RadNet is a nationwide network of monitoring stations that measure radiation in air, drinking water and precipitation.

RadNet Air Data From Juneau, AK

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This page presents radiation air monitoring and air filter analysis data for Juneau, AK from EPA's RadNet system. RadNet is a nationwide network of monitoring stations that measure radiation in air, drinking water and precipitation.

78 FR 27366 - North Pacific Fishery Management Council; Public Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-10

... public meetings, June 3-11, 2013 at the Centennial Hall, 101 Egan Drive, Juneau, AK. DATES: The Council... sessions. ADDRESSES: The Council meeting will be held at Centennial Hall, 101 Egan Drive, Juneau, AK...

75 FR 2154 - Alaska Native Claims Selection

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-14

... approximately 47,029 acres. Notice of the decision will also be published four times in the Tundra Drums. DATES... at ak[email protected]ak.blm.gov . Persons who use a telecommunication device (TTD) may call the...

High-quality draft genome sequence of Sedimenticola selenatireducens strain AK4OH1T, a gammaproteobacterium isolated from estuarine sediment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Louie, Tiffany S.; Giovannelli, Donato; Yee, Nathan

Sedimenticola selenatireducens strain AK4OH1 T (= DSM 17993 T = ATCC BAA-1233 T) is a microaerophilic bacterium isolated from sediment from the Arthur Kill intertidal strait between New Jersey and Staten Island, NY. S. selenatireducens is Gram-negative and belongs to the Gammaproteobacteria. Strain AK4OH1 T was the first representative of its genus to be isolated for its unique coupling of the oxidation of aromatic acids to the respiration of selenate. It is a versatile heterotroph and can use a variety of carbon compounds, but can also grow lithoautotrophically under hypoxic and anaerobic conditions. Furthermore, the draft genome comprises 4,588,530 bpmore » and 4276 predicted protein-coding genes including genes for the anaerobic degradation of 4-hydroxybenzoate and benzoate. We report the main features of the genome of S. selenatireducens strain AK4OH1 T.« less

High-quality draft genome sequence of Sedimenticola selenatireducens strain AK4OH1T, a gammaproteobacterium isolated from estuarine sediment

DOE PAGES

Louie, Tiffany S.; Giovannelli, Donato; Yee, Nathan; ...

2016-09-08

Sedimenticola selenatireducens strain AK4OH1 T (= DSM 17993 T = ATCC BAA-1233 T) is a microaerophilic bacterium isolated from sediment from the Arthur Kill intertidal strait between New Jersey and Staten Island, NY. S. selenatireducens is Gram-negative and belongs to the Gammaproteobacteria. Strain AK4OH1 T was the first representative of its genus to be isolated for its unique coupling of the oxidation of aromatic acids to the respiration of selenate. It is a versatile heterotroph and can use a variety of carbon compounds, but can also grow lithoautotrophically under hypoxic and anaerobic conditions. Furthermore, the draft genome comprises 4,588,530 bpmore » and 4276 predicted protein-coding genes including genes for the anaerobic degradation of 4-hydroxybenzoate and benzoate. We report the main features of the genome of S. selenatireducens strain AK4OH1 T.« less

Cation displacements and the structures of the superconducting pyrochlore osmates AOs2O6 ( A=K , Rb, and Cs)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galati, Rosa; Simon, Charles; Henry, Paul F.; Weller, Mark T.

2008-03-01

Variable temperature, 2K

[Survey of the number of Acanthamoeba keratitis cases in Japan].

PubMed

Toriyama, Koji; Suzuki, Takashi; Ohashi, Yuichi

2014-01-01

To investigate the trend in the number of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) cases in Japan. A survey was conducted in 48 university hospitals. Patients who were diagnosed with AK from January 2007 to December 2011 were enrolled. The trend in the number of cases and the type of contact lenses (CLs) that patients used were studied. A total of 524 patients was studied. The numbers of AK cases in each year, from 2007 to 2011, were 105, 152, 155, 65, and 47. The number dropped markedly after 2009. The percentage of conventional soft CLs and frequent replacement soft CL users that needed daily care such as rubbing-washing also dropped after 2008. The number of AK cases in Japan has been decreasing in recent years. The cause is uncertain, but one possibility is that information about proper CL care promulgated by ophthalmic societies in recent years is producing results.

Adenylate Kinase Release as a High-Throughput-Screening-Compatible Reporter of Bacterial Lysis for Identification of Antibacterial Agents

PubMed Central

Jacobs, Anna C.; DiDone, Louis; Jobson, Jennielle; Sofia, Madeline K.

2013-01-01

Adenylate kinase (AK) is a ubiquitous intracellular enzyme that is released into the extracellular space upon cell lysis. We have shown that AK release serves as a useful reporter of bactericidal agent activity and can be exploited for antimicrobial screening purposes. The AK assay exhibits improved sensitivity over that of growth-based assays and can detect agents that are active against bacteria in clinically relevant growth states that are difficult to screen using conventional approaches, such as small colony variants (SCV) and bacteria within established biofilms. The usefulness of the AK assay was validated by screening a library of off-patent drugs for agents that exhibit antimicrobial properties toward a variety of bacterial species, including Escherichia coli and all members of the “ESKAPE” pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species). The assay detected antibiotics within the library that were expected to be active against the organism screened. Moreover, 38 drugs with no previously reported antibacterial activity elicited AK release. Four of these were acquired, and all were verified to exhibit antimicrobial activity by standard susceptibility testing. Two of these molecules were further characterized. The antihistamine, terfenadine, was active against S. aureus planktonic, SCV population, and biofilm-associated cells. Tamoxifen, an estrogen receptor antagonist, was active toward E. faecium in vitro and also reduced E. faecium pathogenesis in a Galleria mellonella infection model. Our data demonstrate that the AK assay provides an attractive screening approach for identifying new antimicrobial agents. Further, terfenadine and tamoxifen may represent novel antimicrobial drug development scaffolds. PMID:23027196

Resurgence of Acanthamoeba keratitis in Auckland, New Zealand: a 7-year review of presentation and outcomes.

PubMed

Patel, Dipika V; Rayner, Sandra; McGhee, Charles N J

2010-01-01

To investigate the presentation, clinical characteristics and outcomes of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) in Auckland, New Zealand over a 7-year period. Retrospective analysis of all cases of AK treated by the tertiary corneal service at Auckland City Hospital/ University of Auckland Department of Ophthalmology (August 2001 to May 2008). Data were collected regarding age, gender, contact lens history, presenting signs and symptoms, diagnosis at first presentation, time to final diagnosis, identifiable risk factors, presenting and final visual acuity, results of microbiological testing, medical treatment, surgical interventions, recurrence of disease and length of follow up. All photographs and in vivo confocal microscopy images were reviewed. Twenty-five eyes of 25 patients were identified with a diagnosis of AK (mean age 40 +/- 13 years). Ninety-six per cent were contact lens wearers. Mean time to diagnosis was 41 +/- 49 days (range 0-181 days, median 21 days). Fourteen patients (56%) had been treated with topical corticosteroids prior to the diagnosis. Early diagnosis of AK (<21 days) was associated with significantly better final visual acuity and did not require any surgical intervention compared with those diagnosed at a later stage. Six patients, all in the late diagnosis group, required surgical intervention. AK has become significantly more common in New Zealand in the current decade. This study highlights the fundamental importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management in ensuring favourable outcomes. Practitioners should maintain a clinical suspicion of AK, especially as 96% of the subjects in this study were contact lens wearers.

[Active Substance Index (AKS) percentile distribution in pediatric ages].

PubMed

Henriquez-Pérez, Gladys; Rached-Paoli, Ingrid; Azuaje-Sánchez, Arelis

2009-12-01

The aim of this study was to discern the percentile distribution of the Active Substance Index (AKS) in boys and girls aged 4 to 9 years in order to obtain reference values for this indicator. This index was calculated in 3634 healthy and well-nourished children with normal stature from a poor urban community at Centro de Atención Nutricional Infantil Antímano (CANIA), within the period between January 1999 and December 2007. Children with prematurity backgrounds, pubertal growth spurts, or with chronic pathologies, whether defined or under study, were excluded. The Dugdale & Griffiths two-skinfold equation for boys and girls shorter than 150 cm and 140 cm, respectively was used to obtain the fat body mass required to estimate the AKS index. The variables were measured by standardized anthropometrics technicians, with quality control every 4 months as recommended by international standards. Descriptive statistics of the AKS index and variables used for their calculation were obtained, as well as index percentiles 3, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, and 97. Tests applied included Kolmogorov-Smirnoff, Anova one-way, Chi Square, Tukey and bivariated correlations (p < 0.05). The AKS index behavior exhibited higher values in the boys, decreasing with age in both sexes, ranging from 1.28 to 1.04 in the boys and from 1.17 to 0.94 in the girls. Statistically significant differences were found for each age and sex. These results provide the AKS index percentile distribution values needed for nutritional assessments in pediatric ages. These values should be validated and their effectiveness should be studied.

46 CFR 7.170 - Alaska Peninsula, AK to Aleutian Islands, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... easternmost extremity of Castle Cape at Chignik Bay. (b) A line drawn from Second Priest Rock to Ulakta Head Light at Iliuliuk Bay entrance. (c) A line drawn from Arch Rock to the northernmost extremity of...

46 CFR 7.170 - Alaska Peninsula, AK to Aleutian Islands, AK.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... easternmost extremity of Castle Cape at Chignik Bay. (b) A line drawn from Second Priest Rock to Ulakta Head Light at Iliuliuk Bay entrance. (c) A line drawn from Arch Rock to the northernmost extremity of...

50 CFR 679.80 - Initial allocation of rockfish QS.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

.... Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668; (ii) Fax: 907-586-7354; or (iii) Hand Delivery or Carrier: NMFS, Room 713, 709 West 9th Street, Juneau, AK 99801. (2) Forms. Forms are available through the internet on...

75 FR 13297 - Alaska Native Claims Selection

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-19

... for 118.47 acres, located southeast of the Native village of Hughes, Alaska. Notice of the decision...: The Bureau of Land Management by phone at 907-271-5960, or by e-mail at ak[email protected]ak.blm.gov...

Long-term use of a new topical formulation containing piroxicam 0.8% and sunscreen: efficacy and tolerability on actinic keratosis. A proof of concept study.

PubMed

Babino, Graziella; Diluvio, Laura; Bianchi, Luca; Orlandi, Augusto; Di Prete, Monia; Chimenti, Sergio; Milani, Massimo; Campione, Elena

2016-08-01

Cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 and 2 enzyme up-regulation is involved in the pathogenetic process of actinic keratosis (A.K.) and non-melanoma skin cancers. Diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (N.S.A.I.D.) drug, is used as topical treatment of A.K. Piroxicam is a N.S.A.I.D. characterized by a high COX-1 inhibition activity. We conducted an 18 month exploratory open-label study on A.K., to assess the efficacy and tolerability of a new topical formulation of piroxicam and sunscreen in A.K. Enrolled subjects applied a galenic formulation of piroxicam 0.8%, vehiculated in a topical product containing sun filters with high (50+) and broad spectrum (UVA) actions, twice a day for 6 months. Subjects were then followed up for additional 12 months. Thirty-eight subjects with a total of 69 A.K. lesions participated in the trial. The primary outcome was the evolution of the Actinic Keratosis Erythema Scale Atrophy (A.K.E.S.A) score assessing erythema, scale, and atrophy of a target A.K. lesion. Secondary outcomes were the percentage of treated lesions with complete (100%) or partial (≥75%) clearance and the evaluation skin tolerability. A.K.E.S.A. mean (S.D.) score at baseline was 7.5 (1.2). After 6 months of treatment, A.K.E.S.A. score decreased to 0.9 (1.1), a -88% reduction versus baseline. At the end of follow-up, A.K.E.S.A. score was 0.8 (1.2). A complete response was achieved in 38 of the 69 lesions (55%, 95% C.I.: 43% to 66%) and clearance was maintained 1 year post-treatment. A partial clearance was observed in 57 of 69 treated lesions (83%, 95% C.I.: 73% to 91%). Adverse events were limited to mild local irritation. Our experience suggests that 6 month topical piroxicam 0.8% is efficacious and well tolerated in A.K. Clinical efficacy is maintained 1 year post-treatment. The main limitation of our study is that it was an open label non-controlled trial. Future controlled trials are warranted in order to compare the efficacy and tolerability of this topical piroxicam preparation with standard treatments in the management of A.K.

Knowledge, attitudes towards and acceptability of genetic modification in Germany.

PubMed

Christoph, Inken B; Bruhn, Maike; Roosen, Jutta

2008-07-01

Genetic modification remains a controversial issue. The aim of this study is to analyse the attitudes towards genetic modification, the knowledge about it and its acceptability in different application areas among German consumers. Results are based on a survey from spring 2005. An exploratory factor analysis is conducted to identify the attitudes towards genetic modification. The identified factors are used in a cluster analysis that identified a cluster of supporters, of opponents and a group of indifferent consumers. Respondents' knowledge of genetics and biotechnology differs among the found clusters without revealing a clear relationship between knowledge and support of genetic modification. The acceptability of genetic modification varies by application area and cluster, and genetically modified non-food products are more widely accepted than food products. The perception of personal health risks has high explanatory power for attitudes and acceptability.

Knowledge and acceptability of patient-specific infection control measures for pulmonary tuberculosis.

PubMed

Gonzalez-Angulo, Yulieth; Geldenhuys, Hennie; Van As, Danelle; Buckerfield, Norma; Shea, Jawaya; Mahomed, Hassan; Hanekom, Willem; Hatherill, Mark

2013-08-01

Effective infection control measures are essential to reduce tuberculosis (TB) transmission in domestic, workplace, and health care settings. Acceptability of infection control measures is key to patient adherence. We used a prospective questionnaire study to determine knowledge and acceptability of potential patient-specific TB infection control measures in a rural South African community. Fifty adult TB suspects were interviewed at investigation, and 50 newly diagnosed TB patients were interviewed at the start and at the end of TB treatment. TB patients and TB suspects had similar knowledge of infection control measures at baseline. Fifty-seven percent of all participants reported knowing the cause of TB, but only 25% correctly identified microbial etiology. Basic cough hygiene was accepted by 98% of participants. Most participants (89%) accepted wearing of face masks in health facilities, but only 42% of TB suspects and 66% of TB patients (P = .016) would accept wearing face masks at home. Only 68% of participants accepted separate cohorting in health facilities and avoidance of co-sleeping with uninfected household members. At the end of treatment, TB patients demonstrated increased knowledge of TB and increased acceptability of certain household infection control measures. Acceptability of patient-specific infection control measures within households increases with acquired knowledge of TB. National control programs should maximize early TB education to improve adherence to infection control measures. Copyright © 2013 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Staff - Ken A. Woods | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

Science.gov Websites

Communications Address: 3354 College Road Fairbanks, AK 99709-3707 Phone: (907)451-5022 Fax: (907)451-5050 Email ) 3354 College Road, Fairbanks, AK 99709 Phone: (907) 451-5000 Fax: (907) 451-5050 Contact DGGS Privacy

Staff - Alicja Wypych | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

Science.gov Websites

Resources Address: 3354 College Road Fairbanks, AK 99709-3707 Phone: (907)451-5016 Fax: (907)451-5050 Email ) 3354 College Road, Fairbanks, AK 99709 Phone: (907) 451-5000 Fax: (907) 451-5050 Contact DGGS Privacy

Staff - Melanie B. Werdon | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

Resources Address: 3354 College Road Fairbanks, AK 99709-3707 Phone: (907)451-5082 Fax: (907)451-5050 Email ) 3354 College Road, Fairbanks, AK 99709 Phone: (907) 451-5000 Fax: (907) 451-5050 Contact DGGS Privacy

49 CFR 390.27 - Locations of motor carrier safety service centers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Boulevard, Suite 1700, Atlanta, GA 30345-3220. Western American Samoa, AK, AZ, CA, CO, Guam, HI, ID, Mariana... center, contact an FMCSA division (State) office in AK, ME, MI, MT, NY, ND, VT, or WA. Note 2: Mexican...

49 CFR 390.27 - Locations of motor carrier safety service centers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Boulevard, Suite 1700, Atlanta, GA 30345-3220. Western American Samoa, AK, AZ, CA, CO, Guam, HI, ID, Mariana... center, contact an FMCSA division (State) office in AK, ME, MI, MT, NY, ND, VT, or WA. Note 2: Mexican...

49 CFR 390.27 - Locations of motor carrier safety service centers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Boulevard, Suite 1700, Atlanta, GA 30345-3220. Western American Samoa, AK, AZ, CA, CO, Guam, HI, ID, Mariana... center, contact an FMCSA division (State) office in AK, ME, MI, MT, NY, ND, VT, or WA. Note 2: Mexican...

49 CFR 390.27 - Locations of motor carrier safety service centers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Century Boulevard, Suite 1700, Atlanta, GA 30345-3220. Western American Samoa, AK, AZ, CA, CO, Guam, HI... service center, contact a FMCSA division (State) office in AK, ME, MI, MT, NY, ND, VT, or WA. Note 2...

49 CFR 390.27 - Locations of motor carrier safety service centers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Century Boulevard, Suite 1700, Atlanta, GA 30345-3220. Western American Samoa, AK, AZ, CA, CO, Guam, HI... service center, contact a FMCSA division (State) office in AK, ME, MI, MT, NY, ND, VT, or WA. Note 2...

8. STREETSCAPE LOOKING AT THE SOUTHWEST CORNER OF THE BUILDING ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

8. STREETSCAPE LOOKING AT THE SOUTHWEST CORNER OF THE BUILDING (CLOSER VIEW THAN AK-47-Q-7). HANGER CAN BE SEEN IN THE BACKGROUND - Kodiak Naval Operating Base, Gymnasium, U.S. Coast Guard Station, Kodiak, Kodiak Island Borough, AK

Staff - Jean A. Riordan | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

Penland Pkwy Anchorage, AK 99508 Phone: (907)754-3596 Fax: (907)696-0078 Email: jean.riordan@alaska.gov , Fairbanks, AK 99709 Phone: (907) 451-5000 Fax: (907) 451-5050 Contact DGGS Privacy Copyright State of Alaska

Defense Environmental Restoration Program Annual Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 1992.

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-04-02

5. Eielson AFB , AK 24,336 159,535 6. Ellsworth AFB , SD 8,521 63,000 7. Elmendorf AFB , AK 23,227 107,263 8. Fairchild AFB (4 Waste Areas), WA 13,738...HRS Score (Latest) FY 92 FY 92 Status Year AIR FORCE (Continued) 7. Eielson AFB AK 48.14 92 7,055 14,799 FIN 91 8. Ellsworth AFB SD 33.62 91 690 7,831...decided at their October 7, 1992 cleanup decisions at Air Force meeting to recommend the use of . Andersen AFB , Guam installations. As part of the first

AK Sco: a tidally induced atmospheric dynamo in a pre-main sequence binary?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gómez de Castro, A. I.

2009-02-01

AK Sco is a unique source: a 10-30 Myrs old pre-main sequence spectroscopic binary composed by two nearly equal F5 stars that at periastron are separated by barely eleven stellar radii so, the stellar magnetospheres fill the Roche lobe at periastron. The orbit is not yet circularized (e = 0.47) and very strong tides are expected. This makes of AK Sco, the ideal laboratory to study the effect of gravitational tides in the stellar magnetic field building up during pre-main sequence evolution. Evidence of this effect is reported in this contribution.

Randomized, Controlled Trial of Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser Resurfacing Followed by Ultrashort Incubation Aminolevulinic Acid Blue Light Photodynamic Therapy for Actinic Keratosis.

PubMed

Alexiades, Macrene

2017-08-01

Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an established treatment option for actinic keratosis (AK), and recently fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser was shown to improve outcomes; but studies of short incubation photosensitizer are lacking. Assess the efficacy of short incubation ALA followed by blue light PDT with and without previous fractional CO2 treatment for the treatment of AK. Randomized, paired split-design, controlled trial of fractional CO2 followed by ultrashort 15-minute versus 30-minute incubation ALA and blue light PDT for the treatment of AK on the face. The complete clearance rates (CRs) at 8 weeks after ALA PDT with and without FxCO2 at 30- and 15-minute ALA incubation times were 89.78% (+FxCO2) versus 71.20% CR (-FxCO2) at 30', and 86.38% (+FxCO2) versus 69.23% (-FxCO2) at 15' ALA incubation. All lesion improvements were statistically significant. This randomized, comparative paired group controlled clinical study demonstrates that ultrashort 15- and 30-minute incubation ALA PDTs are of limited efficacy for the treatment of AK. Pretreatment with fractional ablative resurfacing yields statistically significant greater AK clearance with ALA-PDT at ultrashort ALA incubations followed by blue light.

Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1, -2 and -3 in squamous cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis

PubMed Central

Tsukifuji, R; Tagawa, K; Hatamochi, A; Shinkai, H

1999-01-01

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) plays an important role in extracellular matrix degradation associated with cancer invasion. An expression of MMP-1 (interstitial collagenase), MMP-2 (72-kDa type IV collagenase) and MMP-3 (stromelysin-1) was investigated in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and its precancerous condition, actinic keratosis (AK), using in situ hybridization techniques. MMP-1 mRNA was detected in tumour cells and/or in stromal cells in all cases of SCC, four of six AKs adjacent to SCC and four of 16 AKs. MMP-2 and MMP-3 mRNAs were detected in SCC but not in AK. The expression of MMP-3 correlated to that of MMP-1 (P = 0.03) localized at the tumour mass and stroma of the invasive area, while MMP-2 mRNA was detected widely throughout the stroma independent of MMP-1 expression. Our results indicated that the expression of MMP-1, -2 and -3 showed different localization patterns, suggesting a unique role of each MMP in tumour progression. Moreover, MMP-1 expression could be an early event in the development of SCC, and AK demonstrating MMP-1 mRNA, might be in a more advanced dysplastic state, progressing to SCC. © 1999 Cancer Research Campaign PMID:10362121

A Review of the Current Research Trends in the Application of Medicinal Plants as a Source for Novel Therapeutic Agents Against Acanthamoeba Infections

PubMed Central

Niyyati, Maryam; Dodangeh, Samira; Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob

2016-01-01

Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a sight-threating infection of the cornea that mostly affects contact lens wearers. Until now, AK treatment remains very difficult due to the existence of a highly resistant cyst stage in the life cycle of Acanthamoeba which is extremely resistant to most of the available anti-amoebic compounds. Moreover, current treatment of AK is usually based in the combination of various therapeutic agents such as polyhexamethylene biguanide or chlorhexidine and propamidine isethionate. However, all the mentioned compounds have also showed toxic side effects on human keratocytes and presented poor cysticidal effect at the concentrations currently used in the established AK treatments. Nowadays, the elucidation of novel compounds with antimicrobial and anticancer properties from plant and herbs with medicinal properties have encouraged researchers to evaluate plants as a source of new molecules with anti-trophozoite and cysticidal effects. Thus, in recent years, many natural products have been reported to present potent anti-Acanthamoeba properties with good selectivity and minimal toxic effects. Therefore, the chemical drugs currently used for AK treatment, their drawbacks as well as the current research in medicinal plants as a source of potent anti-Acanthamoeba compounds are described in this review. PMID:28243287

Bowman's layer encystment in cases of persistent Acanthamoeba keratitis.

PubMed

Yokogawa, Hideaki; Kobayashi, Akira; Yamazaki, Natsuko; Ishibashi, Yasuhisa; Oikawa, Yosaburo; Tokoro, Masaharu; Sugiyama, Kazuhisa

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study was to report Acanthamoeba encystment in Bowman's layer in Japanese cases of persistent Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Laser confocal microscopic images of the cornea were obtained in vivo from 18 consecutive eyes from 17 confirmed AK patients. Retrospectively, 14 cases treated over 4 months were categorized as a nonpersistent group and three cases that required prolonged therapy for more than 6 months were categorized as a persistent group. Clinical outcomes based on final best-corrected visual acuity were retrospectively analyzed, and selected confocal images were evaluated qualitatively for abnormal findings. The final best-corrected visual acuity was significantly lower (P < 0.01) for patients in the persistent group compared with that in the nonpersistent group. At the initial visit, in vivo confocal microscopy demonstrated Acanthamoeba cysts exclusively in the epithelial layer in both the nonpersistent group (80%) and the persistent group (100%). At a subsequent follow-up visit, numerous Acanthamoeba cysts were observed in the epithelial cell layer and in Bowman's layer in all patients with persistent AK, but Acanthamoeba cysts were undetectable in all cases with nonpersistent AK tested. Invasion of cysts into Bowman's layer was characteristically observed in patients with persistence of AK. This finding suggests that invasion of Acanthamoeba cysts into Bowman's layer may be a useful predictor for a persistent clinical course.

Ingenol mebutate in low amounts for the treatment of actinic keratosis in Korean patients.

PubMed

Joe, Hyun Jae; Oh, Byung Ho

2017-01-01

Ingenol mebutate (IM), a novel agent for field therapy of actinic keratosis (AK), has a drawback of inducing local skin reactions (LSRs), which may cause discomfort in patients. To reduce the LSRs, we tried the application of IM in low amounts. The purpose of this study was to review Korean patients with AK being treated with IM and evaluate the LSRs and therapeutic outcomes of low amounts of IM. We retrospectively reviewed 47 patients with AK on the face. A total of 20 and 27 patients were treated by applying recommended amount of 18.8 mg/cm 2 and the lower amount of 10 mg/cm 2 , respectively. The mean composite LSR score for the low amount group (LAG; 12.18±3.29) was significantly lower than that for the recommended amount group (RAG; 15.45±2.70) ( P <0.01, independent sample t -test). The 2-month clearance rate calculated by the number of AKs before and after treatment in each patient was significantly higher for RAG (88.16%), compared with 75.56% for LAG ( P <0.001). Low amount of IM for the treatment of facial AK significantly reduced LSRs in Korean patients. Minimizing LSRs may allow for a secondary targeting treatment of IM for the residual lesions, depending on initial treatment outcomes.

Topical methyl-aminolevulinate photodynamic therapy using red light-emitting diode light for treatment of multiple actinic keratoses: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

PubMed

Pariser, David; Loss, Robert; Jarratt, Michael; Abramovits, William; Spencer, James; Geronemus, Roy; Bailin, Philip; Bruce, Suzanne

2008-10-01

The use of light-emitting diode light offers practical advantages in photodynamic therapy (PDT) with topical methyl-aminolevulinate (MAL) for management of actinic keratoses (AK). We sought to evaluate the efficacy of MAL PDT using red light-emitting diode light. We conducted a multicenter, double-blind, randomized study. A total of 49 patients with 363 AK lesions had 16.8% MAL cream applied under occlusion for 3 hours, and 47 patients with 360 AK lesions had vehicle cream similarly applied. The lesions were then illuminated (630 nm, light dose 37 J/cm2) with repeated treatment 1 week later. Complete lesion and patient (all lesions showing complete response) response rates were evaluated 3 months after last treatment. MAL PDT was superior (P<.0001) to vehicle PDT with respect to lesion complete response (86.2% vs 52.2%, odds ratio 6.9 [95% confidence interval 4.7-10.3]) and patient complete response (59.2% vs 14.9%, odds ratio 13.2 [95% confidence interval 4.1-43.1]). The study population may not be representative of all patients with AK. MAL PDT using red light-emitting diode light is an appropriate treatment alternative for multiple AK lesions.

Molecular identification of t4 and t5 genotypes in isolates from acanthamoeba keratitis patients.

PubMed

Ledee, D R; Iovieno, A; Miller, D; Mandal, N; Diaz, M; Fell, J; Fini, M E; Alfonso, E C

2009-05-01

Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a rare but sight-threatening ocular infection. Outbreaks have been associated with contaminated water and contact lens wear. The epidemiology and pathology may be associated with unique genotypes. We determined the Rns genotype for 37 clinical isolates from 23 patients presenting at the University of Miami Bascom Palmer Eye Institute with confirmed AK infections in 2006 to 2008. The genus-specific ASA.S1 amplicon allowed for rapid genotyping of the nonaxenic cultures. Of the 37 isolates, 36 were of the T4 genotype. Within this group, 13 unique diagnostic fragment 3 sequences were identified, 3 of which were not in GenBank. The 37th isolate was a T5, the first in the United States and second worldwide to be found in AK. For five patients with isolates from the cornea and contact lens/case, identical sequences within each patient cluster were observed, confirming the link between contact lens contamination and AK infection. Genotyping is an important tool in the epidemiological study of AK. In this study, it allowed for the detection of new strains and provided an etiological link between source and infection. Additionally, it can allow for accurate categorizing of physiological differences, such as strain virulence, between isolates and clades.

Parents’ knowledge, beliefs, and acceptance of the HPV vaccination in relation to their socio-demographics and religious beliefs: A cross-sectional study in Thailand

PubMed Central

Chun Paek, Seung; Grisurapong, Siriwan; Sherer, Penchan; Tydén, Tanja; Lundberg, Pranee

2018-01-01

Thailand has one of the world’s highest prevalence of cervical cancer, mainly caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV infections can successfully be prevented by vaccination, which is available at a cost but not yet implemented in the national vaccination program. Parents play a critical role in deciding whether to vaccinate their child against HPV. Thus, the aim was to examine the association between parents’ knowledge, beliefs, and acceptance of the HPV vaccination for their daughters, considering their socio-demographics and religious beliefs. A cross-sectional design was used among three schools in Thailand: Nakorn Phatom province (suburban) and Bangkok (urban). Parents of 9–12-year-old daughters completed the questionnaires, guided by the Health Belief Model. In total, 359 parents completed the questionnaires; of those, 301 were included in the final analyses. The ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis showed that background knowledge of HPV and the HPV vaccine was positively related to knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer. For beliefs, knowledge was positively associated with susceptibility (i.e., parents’ perceived risk of an HPV infection/ related disease), severity, and benefit. However, knowledge was not significantly related to barriers. For acceptance, higher susceptibility and benefit were related to higher acceptance, and greater knowledge was associated with higher acceptance. Thus, we found associations between parents’ knowledge, beliefs, and acceptance of the HPV vaccination for their daughters, considering their socio-demographics and religious beliefs. Parents, who reported religion as important, as opposed to those who did not, were more favorable toward the HPV vaccination. Four out of ten mothers had never undergone a cervical cancer screening, but most had accepted previous childhood vaccinations for their daughters. The overall acceptance of the vaccine was high, and we believe our results are promising for future implementation of the HPV vaccination in the national childhood vaccination program in Thailand. PMID:29447271

Parents' knowledge, beliefs, and acceptance of the HPV vaccination in relation to their socio-demographics and religious beliefs: A cross-sectional study in Thailand.

PubMed

Grandahl, Maria; Chun Paek, Seung; Grisurapong, Siriwan; Sherer, Penchan; Tydén, Tanja; Lundberg, Pranee

2018-01-01

Thailand has one of the world's highest prevalence of cervical cancer, mainly caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV infections can successfully be prevented by vaccination, which is available at a cost but not yet implemented in the national vaccination program. Parents play a critical role in deciding whether to vaccinate their child against HPV. Thus, the aim was to examine the association between parents' knowledge, beliefs, and acceptance of the HPV vaccination for their daughters, considering their socio-demographics and religious beliefs. A cross-sectional design was used among three schools in Thailand: Nakorn Phatom province (suburban) and Bangkok (urban). Parents of 9-12-year-old daughters completed the questionnaires, guided by the Health Belief Model. In total, 359 parents completed the questionnaires; of those, 301 were included in the final analyses. The ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis showed that background knowledge of HPV and the HPV vaccine was positively related to knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer. For beliefs, knowledge was positively associated with susceptibility (i.e., parents' perceived risk of an HPV infection/ related disease), severity, and benefit. However, knowledge was not significantly related to barriers. For acceptance, higher susceptibility and benefit were related to higher acceptance, and greater knowledge was associated with higher acceptance. Thus, we found associations between parents' knowledge, beliefs, and acceptance of the HPV vaccination for their daughters, considering their socio-demographics and religious beliefs. Parents, who reported religion as important, as opposed to those who did not, were more favorable toward the HPV vaccination. Four out of ten mothers had never undergone a cervical cancer screening, but most had accepted previous childhood vaccinations for their daughters. The overall acceptance of the vaccine was high, and we believe our results are promising for future implementation of the HPV vaccination in the national childhood vaccination program in Thailand.

Efficacy of a film-forming medical device containing sunscreen (50+) and piroxicam 0.8% in actinic keratosis and field cancerization: a multicenter, assessor-blinded, 3 month trial.

PubMed

Puviani, Mario; Galloni, Chiara; Marchetti, Silvia; Sergio Pavone, Paolo; Lovati, Silvia; Pistone, Giuseppe; Caputo, Valentina; Tilotta, Giovanna; Scarcella, Giuseppe; Campione, Elena; Diluvio, Laura; Garofalo, Virginia; Bianchi, Luca; Milani, Massimo

2017-07-01

Sunscreen protection in subjects with actinic keratosis (AK) is highly recommended to prevent clinical evolution of this in situ skin cancer condition. Use of topical anti-cyclooxygenase drugs such as diclofenac and piroxicam reduces the number of lesions and improves the cancerization field. A film-forming medical device in a cream formulation containing organic and inorganic sun-filters (50+ SPF) and piroxicam 0.8% (ACTX) has shown in a pilot, single-center, open trial to reduce AK lesions improving the cancerization field. We evaluated in a multicenter, assessor-blinded, 3 month trial the efficacy of ACTX in AK. A total of 70 subjects with at least three AK lesions on the scalp or face were enrolled after written informed consent. Primary outcomes of the study were the clinical evolution of number of AK lesions on a target zone area and the evolution of dermoscopy features of the target lesion, assessing erythema, scaling, pigmentation, and follicular plug, using a 5 point score (from 0 to 4; maximum score: 16). Lesion count and dermoscopy score were evaluated in a blind fashion assessing digital color high definition coded images. A secondary outcome was the Investigator Global Score (IGS) of clinical evolution of the target area using a 7 point scale from -2 (significantly worse) to +4 (completely cured). IGS was evaluated in an open fashion. Subjects were instructed to apply the cream twice daily on the target area, using one finger-tip unit for the treatment of a 35 cm 2 area. All but one subject (40 men and 30 women, mean age 73 years) concluded the study period. At baseline the mean (±SD) number of AK lesions in the target area were 7.0 (5.9) with a median value of 5 and the dermoscopy score of the target lesion was 7.0 (2.3) with a median value of 7.0. ACTX treatment reduced AK lesions to 3.2 (2.9), (p = .0001; Wilcoxon Test), representing a 55% relative reduction. Dermoscopy score was reduced to 3.3 (2.6) (p = .0001) (a reduction of 53%). The IGS after ACTX treatment was +1.9 (1.1), with a median of 2.0. A total of 86% of subjects showed a clinical improvement of IGS (≥1) with a very significant/complete clearance (score +3 or +4) in 42% subjects. No change or a worsening of AK lesions was observed in 14% of the subjects. The product was well tolerated. No serious adverse events were reported during the duration of the trial. In this multicenter, assessor-blinded trial, the use of a film-forming medical device with sun protection and anti-inflammatory actions was effective in reducing AK lesions and improving the dermoscopy aspect of the target lesion in 86% of treated subjects. A head-to-head trial evaluating the efficacy of this medical device in comparison with diclofenac is warranted to establish whether this therapeutic approach could offer additional advantages in term of AK lesion reduction compared to an established topical treatment. (Trial ID: ISRCTN72020277).

78 FR 14185 - Safety Zone; MODU KULLUK; Kiliuda Bay, Kodiak Island, AK to Captains Bay, Unalaska Island, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-05

... Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit (MODU) KULLUK currently located in Kiliuda Bay, Kodiak Island, Alaska with... large ocean-going drill vessel, while it is under tow from Kiliuda Bay, Kodiak Island to Captains Bay...

50 CFR 679.90 - Allocation, use, and transfer of Amendment 80 QS permits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., NMFS, P.O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668; (ii) Fax: 907-586-7354; or (iii) Hand delivery or carrier: NMFS, Room 713, 709 West 9th Street, Juneau, AK 99801. (2) Application forms. Application forms are...

50 CFR 679.90 - Allocation, use, and transfer of Amendment 80 QS permits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., NMFS, P.O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 99802-1668; (ii) Fax: 907-586-7354; or (iii) Hand delivery or carrier: NMFS, Room 713, 709 West 9th Street, Juneau, AK 99801. (2) Application forms. Application forms are...

Arcuate keratotomy on post-keratoplasty astigmatism is unpredictable and frequently needs repeat procedures to increase its success rate.

PubMed

Bayramlar, Huseyin; Karadag, Remzi; Cakici, Ozgur; Ozsoy, Isilay

2016-06-01

To evaluate the effectiveness and predictability of arcuate keratotomy (AK) for post-keratoplasty astigmatism and to present the complications and rate of repeat procedures. Sixteen eyes from 14 patients were included. Paired 70-80° arc length AKs centred on the steep axis were carried out 0.5 mm within the graft-host junction. The depth of the AKs was set at approximately 80-90% of the depth of the cornea, based on a topographic pachymeter at the incision location. The outcome measures included preoperative and postoperative topographic astigmatism, uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, surgical complications and repeat procedures. In 12 of the 16 eyes (75%), at least one additional surgical procedure was required to obtain the desired result: suturing for overcorrection or wound gape in six eyes (38%), lengthening of the incisions for undercorrection in four eyes (25%) and additional AKs for marked astigmatic axis displacement in three eyes (19%). The mean preoperative astigmatism was 10.45±3.82 dioptres (D); the postoperative astigmatism at the last visit was 2.99±1.14 D (in a mean follow-up of 17.6±5.55 months). The efficacy index was 0.83 and the safety index was 1.68. In treatment of post-keratoplasty astigmatism, AK does not have a good predictability. Additional procedures such as lengthening of the AK incisions for undercorrection or using compression sutures for overcorrection with significantly gaping wounds are frequently required to improve the final outcome. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/

Psychromicrobium silvestre gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from alpine forest soils.

PubMed

Schumann, Peter; Zhang, De-Chao; França, Luís; Albuquerque, Luciana; da Costa, Milton S; Margesin, Rosa

2017-03-01

Two Gram-stain-variable, non-motile, catalase-positive and cytochrome c oxidase-negative bacteria, designated AK20-18 T and AM20-54, were isolated from forest soil samples collected in the Italian Alps. Growth occurred at a temperature range of 5-30 °C, at pH 6-9 and in the presence of 0-5 % (w/v) NaCl. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strains AK20-18 T and AM20-54 was 100 %. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain AK20-18 T had highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the type strain of Arthrobacter psychrochitiniphilus (96.9 %). The cell-wall peptidoglycan structure of strain AK20-18 T was of the type A3alpha l-Lys-l-Thr-l-Ala2 (A11.27). The whole-cell sugars were galactose, ribose and lesser amounts of mannose. The major respiratory quinone of the two strains was menaquinone 9(H2) [MK-9(H2)], whereas MK-10(H2) was a minor component. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and unknown glycolipids. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The genomic DNA G+C content was 59.9 mol%. Combined data of phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses demonstrated that strains AK20-18 T and AM20-54 represent a novel genus and species, for which the name Psychromicrobium silvestre gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Psychromicrobium silvestregen. nov., sp. nov. is AK20-18 T (=DSM 102047 T =LMG 29369 T ).

Comparison of skin dose measurement using nanoDot® dosimeter and machine readings of radiation dose during cardiac catheterization in children

PubMed Central

Balaguru, Duraisamy; Rodriguez, Matthew; Leon, Stephanie; Wagner, Louis K; Beasley, Charles W; Sultzer, Andrew; Numan, Mohammed T

2018-01-01

Objectives: Direct measurement of skin dose of radiation for children using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) technology using nanoDot® (Landauer, Glenwood, IL, USA). Background: Radiation dose is estimated as cumulative air kerma (AK) and dosearea product based on standards established for adult size patients. Body size of pediatric patients who undergo cardiac catheterization for congenital heart disease vary widely from newborn to adolescence. Direct, skindose measurement applying OSL technology may eliminate errors in the estimate. Materials and Methods: The nanoDot® (1 cm × 1 cm × flat plastic cassette) is applied to patient's skin using adhesive tape during cardiac catheterization and radiation skin doses were read within 24 hrs. nanoDot® values were compared to the currently available cumulative AK values estimated and displayed on fluoroscopy monitor. Results: A total of 12 children were studied, aged 4 months to 18 years (median 1.1 years) and weight range 5.3–86 kg (median 8.4 kg). nanoDot® readings ranged from 2.58 mGy to 424.8 mGy (median 84.1 mGy). Cumulative AK ranged from 16.2 mGy to 571.2 mGy (median 171.1 mGy). Linear correlation was noted between nanoDot® values and AK values (R2 = 0.88, R = 0.94). nanoDot® readings were approximately 65% of the estimated cumulative AK estimated using the International Electrotechnical Commission standards. Conclusions: Application of OSL technology using nanoDot® provides an alternative to directly measure fluoroscopic skin dose in children during cardiac catheterization. Our data show that the actual skin dose for children is approximately one-third lower than the AK estimated using international standards for adult size patients. PMID:29440825

Comparison of skin dose measurement using nanoDot® dosimeter and machine readings of radiation dose during cardiac catheterization in children.

PubMed

Balaguru, Duraisamy; Rodriguez, Matthew; Leon, Stephanie; Wagner, Louis K; Beasley, Charles W; Sultzer, Andrew; Numan, Mohammed T

2018-01-01

Direct measurement of skin dose of radiation for children using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) technology using nanoDot ® (Landauer, Glenwood, IL, USA). Radiation dose is estimated as cumulative air kerma (AK) and dosearea product based on standards established for adult size patients. Body size of pediatric patients who undergo cardiac catheterization for congenital heart disease vary widely from newborn to adolescence. Direct, skindose measurement applying OSL technology may eliminate errors in the estimate. The nanoDot ® (1 cm × 1 cm × flat plastic cassette) is applied to patient's skin using adhesive tape during cardiac catheterization and radiation skin doses were read within 24 hrs. nanoDot ® values were compared to the currently available cumulative AK values estimated and displayed on fluoroscopy monitor. A total of 12 children were studied, aged 4 months to 18 years (median 1.1 years) and weight range 5.3-86 kg (median 8.4 kg). nanoDot® readings ranged from 2.58 mGy to 424.8 mGy (median 84.1 mGy). Cumulative AK ranged from 16.2 mGy to 571.2 mGy (median 171.1 mGy). Linear correlation was noted between nanoDot® values and AK values ( R 2 = 0.88, R = 0.94). nanoDot® readings were approximately 65% of the estimated cumulative AK estimated using the International Electrotechnical Commission standards. Application of OSL technology using nanoDot® provides an alternative to directly measure fluoroscopic skin dose in children during cardiac catheterization. Our data show that the actual skin dose for children is approximately one-third lower than the AK estimated using international standards for adult size patients.

Wolcott-Rallison Syndrome Is the Most Common Genetic Cause of Permanent Neonatal Diabetes in Consanguineous Families

PubMed Central

Rubio-Cabezas, Oscar; Patch, Ann-Marie; Minton, Jayne A. L.; Flanagan, Sarah E.; Edghill, Emma L.; Hussain, Khalid; Balafrej, Amina; Deeb, Asma; Buchanan, Charles R.; Jefferson, Ian G.; Mutair, Angham; Hattersley, Andrew T.; Ellard, Sian

2009-01-01

Context and Objective: Mutations in EIF2AK3 cause Wolcott-Rallison syndrome (WRS), a rare recessive disorder characterized by early-onset diabetes, skeletal abnormalities, and liver dysfunction. Although early diagnosis is important for clinical management, genetic testing is generally performed after the full clinical picture develops. We aimed to identify patients with WRS before any other abnormalities apart from diabetes are present and study the overall frequency of WRS among patients with permanent neonatal diabetes. Research Design and Methods: The coding regions of EIF2AK3 were sequenced in 34 probands with infancy-onset diabetes with a clinical phenotype suggestive of WRS (n = 28) or homozygosity at the WRS locus (n = 6). Results: Twenty-five probands (73.5%) were homozygous or compound heterozygous for mutations in EIF2AK3. Twenty of the 26 mutations identified were novel. Whereas a diagnosis of WRS was suspected before genetic testing in 22 probands, three patients with apparently isolated diabetes were diagnosed after identifying a large homozygous region encompassing EIF2AK3. In contrast to nonconsanguineous pedigrees, mutations in EIF2AK3 are the most common known genetic cause of diabetes among patients born to consanguineous parents (24 vs. < 2%). Age at diabetes onset and birth weight might be used to prioritize genetic testing in the latter group. Conclusions: WRS is the most common cause of permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus in consanguineous pedigrees. In addition to testing patients with a definite clinical diagnosis, EIF2AK3 should be tested in patients with isolated neonatal diabetes diagnosed after 3 wk of age from known consanguineous families, isolated populations, or countries in which inbreeding is frequent. PMID:19837917

The rising tide of Acanthamoeba keratitis in Auckland, New Zealand: a 7-year review of presentation, diagnosis and outcomes (2009-2016).

PubMed

McKelvie, James; Alshiakhi, Moaz; Ziaei, Mohammed; Patel, Dipika V; McGhee, Charles Nj

2018-02-07

Acanthamoeba is an increasingly prevalent cause of vision-threatening microbial keratitis. To assess the incidence, clinical presentation, diagnosis and outcomes of patients with Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) in Auckland, New Zealand over a 7-year period. Retrospective observational consecutive case series. Fifty-eight eyes of 52 patients diagnosed with AK. All cases of AK were identified using a cross-referenced search of clinical, laboratory and pharmacy records from March 2009 to May 2016. Demographic and clinical data were collected including age, gender, risk factors, clinical manifestations, initial diagnosis, diagnostic investigations, treatment, presenting and final visual acuity and surgical interventions. Contact lens (CL) use was noted in 96% of unilateral and 100% of bilateral cases. The mean duration of symptoms at presentation was 21 days and the mean duration from presentation to definitive diagnosis was 14 days. Initial diagnosis was recorded as CL-related keratitis in 70.6%, viral keratitis in 15.5% and AK in 12.0%. The diagnosis was confirmed with In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) in 67.2%, corneal scrape in 22.4%, corneal biopsy in 1.7% and clinically in 8.6%. IVCM sensitivity was 83.0%. Surgical intervention was required in four patients, all with delayed diagnosis (range 63-125 days). The incidence of AK has more than doubled when compared with the preceding 7-year period. AK is a rare vision-threatening protozoal infection with rapidly-increasing incidence in New Zealand, predominantly affecting CL users. Diagnosis is often challenging and when delayed is associated with worse outcomes. IVCM offers rapid diagnosis with high sensitivity. © 2018 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists.

Oncogene 6b from Agrobacterium tumefaciens induces abaxial cell division at late stages of leaf development and modifies vascular development in petioles.

PubMed

Terakura, Shinji; Kitakura, Saeko; Ishikawa, Masaki; Ueno, Yoshihisa; Fujita, Tomomichi; Machida, Chiyoko; Wabiko, Hiroetsu; Machida, Yasunori

2006-05-01

The 6b gene in the T-DNA region of the Ti plasmids of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and A. vitis is able to generate shooty calli in phytohormone-free culture of leaf sections of tobacco transformed with 6b. In the present study, we report characteristic morphological abnormalities of the leaves of transgenic tobacco and Arabidopsis that express 6b from pTiAKE10 (AK-6b), and altered expression of genes related to cell division and meristem formation in the transgenic plants. Cotyledons and leaves of both transgenic tobacco and Arabidopsis exhibited various abnormalities including upward curling of leaf blades, and transgenic tobacco leaves produced leaf-like outgrowths from the abaxial side. Transcripts of some class 1 KNOX homeobox genes, which are thought to be related to meristem functions, and cell cycle regulating genes were ectopically accumulated in mature leaves. M phase-specific genes were also ectopically expressed at the abaxial sides of mature leaves. These results suggest that the AK-6b gene stimulates the cellular potential for division and meristematic functions preferentially in the abaxial side of leaves and that the leaf phenotypes generated by AK-6b are at least in part due to such biased cell division during polar development of leaves. The results of the present experiments with a fusion gene between the AK-6b gene and the glucocorticoid receptor gene showed that nuclear import of the AK-6b protein was essential for upward curling of leaves and hormone-free callus formation, suggesting a role for AK-6b in nuclear events.

Nonlabens antarcticus sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from glacier ice, and emended descriptions of Nonlabens marinus Park et al. 2012 and Nonlabens agnitus Yi and Chun 2012.

PubMed

Kwon, Yong Min; Yang, Sung-Hyun; Kwon, Kae Kyoung; Kim, Sang-Jin

2014-02-01

A Gram-negative, proteorhodopsin-containing, orange pigmented, rod-shaped and strictly aerobic bacterium, designated strain AKS622(T), was isolated from a glacier core collected from the coast of King George Island, Antarctica. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain AKS622(T) was affiliated to the genus Nonlabens of the family Flavobacteriaceae and showed highest similarity to Nonlabens marinus S1-08(T) (97.9%). The level of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain AKS622(T) and N. marinus S1-08(T) was 46%. Optimal growth of strain AKS622(T) was observed at pH 7.0, at 15 °C and with 2.0% NaCl. The predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C(15 : 0), iso-C(16 : 0), iso-C(16 : 0) 3-OH, C17:0 2-OH and summed feature 3 (comprising C(16 : 1)ω7c and/or C(16 : 1)ω6c). The DNA G+C content was 37.9 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was MK-6. Phosphatidylethanolamine, four unidentified glycolipids, three unidentified aminolipids and one unidentified lipid were detected as major polar lipids. On the basis of the data from this polyphasic taxonomic study, it was concluded that strain AKS622(T) represents a novel species within the genus Nonlabens, for which the name Nonlabens antarcticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AKS622(T) ( = KCCM 43019(T) = JCM 14068(T)). Emended descriptions of N. marinus Park et al. 2012 and Nonlabens agnitus Yi and Chun 2012 are given.

75 FR 3641 - Television Broadcasting Services; Anchorage, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-22

... FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION 47 CFR Part 73 [DA 10-40; MB Docket No. 09-210; RM-11583] Television Broadcasting Services; Anchorage, AK AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. ACTION: Final rule... may be purchased from the Commission's duplicating contractor, Best Copy and Printing, Inc., 445 12th...

A note on the Drazin indices of square matrices.

PubMed

Yu, Lijun; Bu, Tianyi; Zhou, Jiang

2014-01-01

For a square matrix A, the smallest nonnegative integer k such that rank (A(k)) =rank (A(k+1)) is called the Drazin index of A. In this paper, we give some results on the Drazin indices of sum and product of square matrices.

78 FR 59622 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Akutan, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-27

... at Akutan Airport, Akutan, AK. Controlled airspace is necessary to accommodate aircraft using the new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at the airport. This action enhances the safety and management of aircraft operations at the airport. DATES...

77 FR 16314 - Alaska Disaster #AK-00024

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-20

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13037 and 13038] Alaska Disaster AK-00024 AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Administrative declaration of a disaster for the State of Alaska dated 03/13/2012. Incident: 2012 Prince William...

77 FR 4854 - Alaska Disaster Number AK-00022

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-31

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12976 and 12977] Alaska Disaster Number AK-00022 AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Amendment 1. SUMMARY: This is an amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of ALASKA...

The Shock and Vibration Digest. Volume 13, Number 11

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-11-01

Beams with Unconstrained Damping Treatment G.R. Bhashyam and G. Prathap S. Narayanan, J.P. Verma, and A.K. Mallik Dept. of Aerospace and Mech. Engrg...2337 Sasaki, R ............... 2297 Mallik , A.K ............. 2384 Ookuma, M ............. 2463 Sasakura, Y ............. 2503 85 WaeskA

The Shock and Vibration Digest. Volume 13, Number 9

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-09-01

namie Systems with Constrained Damping Treatment D.E. Beskos and B.A. Boley S. Narayanan and A.K. Mallik Dept. of Civil and Mineral Engrg., Univ. of...2032 Mallik , A.K .............. 1903 Ostrowski, P.P ............ 1981 Kapoor, P.............. 1933 Manolis, G.D............ 2024 Qusset

Biodiversity loss in benthic macroinfaunal communities and its consequence for organic mercury trophic availability to benthivorous predators in the lower Hudson River estuary, USA.

PubMed

Goto, Daisuke; Wallace, William G

2009-12-01

Organic mercury such as methylmercury is not only one of the most toxic substances found in coastal ecosystems but also has high trophic transfer efficiency. In this study, we examined implications of chronically altered benthic macroinfaunal assemblages for organic mercury trophic availability (based on organic mercury intracellular partitioning) to their predators in the Arthur Kill-AK (New York, USA). Despite low species diversity, both density and biomass of benthic macroinvertebrates in AK were significantly higher than those at the reference site. Disproportionately high biomass of benthic macroinvertebrates (mostly polychaetes) in the northern AK resulted in a more than twofold increase ('ecological enrichment') in the trophically available organic mercury pool. These results suggest that altered benthic macroinfaunal community structure in AK may play an important role in organic mercury trophic availability at the base of benthic food webs and potentially in mercury biogeochemical cycling in this severely urbanized coastal ecosystem.

Weak Magnetic Fields in Two Herbig Ae Systems: The SB2 AK Sco and the Presumed Binary HD 95881

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Järvinen, S. P.; Carroll, T. A.; Hubrig, S.; Ilyin, I.; Schöller, M.; Castelli, F.; Hummel, C. A.; Petr-Gotzens, M. G.; Korhonen, H.; Weigelt, G.; Pogodin, M. A.; Drake, N. A.

2018-05-01

We report the detection of weak mean longitudinal magnetic fields in the Herbig Ae double-lined spectroscopic binary AK Sco and in the presumed spectroscopic Herbig Ae binary HD 95881 using observations with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher polarimeter (HARPSpol) attached to the European Southern Observatory’s (ESO’s) 3.6 m telescope. Employing a multi-line singular value decomposition method, we detect a mean longitudinal magnetic field < {B}{{z}}> =-83+/- 31 G in the secondary component of AK Sco on one occasion. For HD 95881, we measure < {B}{{z}}> =-93+/- 25 G and < {B}{{z}}> =105+/- 29 G at two different observing epochs. For all the detections the false alarm probability is smaller than 10‑5. For AK Sco system, we discover that accretion diagnostic Na I doublet lines and photospheric lines show intensity variations over the observing nights. The double-lined spectral appearance of HD 95881 is presented here for the first time.

Optimizing management of actinic keratosis and photodamaged skin: utilizing a stepwise approach.

PubMed

Lee, Andrew D; Jorizzo, Joseph L

2009-09-01

The incidence of photodamaged skin and skin lesions of all degrees of severity, from actinic keratosis (AK) to skin cancers, has dramatically increased. Actinic keratoses are pathologic, reflecting damage of essential skin cell functions and potentially progressing to invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The rate of progression is uncertain but may be as high as 10%. Because it is impossible to predict which AKs will progress to SCC, all lesions should be treated. Options include topical therapies, cryotherapy, curettage, and photodynamic therapy. Unfortunately, many individuals do not seek treatment or avoid it because of irritation, discomfort, and concern for scarring. Combining field-directed therapy and cryotherapy has been more effective than cryotherapy alone. Incorporating patient education with treatment may optimize outcomes. We propose a comprehensive 5-step approach for managing AK lesions and photodamaged skin that includes periodic clinical skin examinations; treating AK lesions with a combination of field- and lesion-directed therapy; and patient education regarding sun-protective measures and regular skin self-examinations.

Topical photodynamic therapy with porphyrin precursors--assessment of treatment-associated pain in a retrospective study.

PubMed

Steinbauer, Julia Maria; Schreml, Stephan; Babilas, Philipp; Zeman, Florian; Karrer, Sigrid; Landthaler, Michael; Szeimies, Rolf-Markus

2009-08-01

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with aminolevulinic acid (ALA) or methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) is an approved modality for the non-invasive treatment of actinic keratoses (AK) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) offering excellent cosmetic outcome. However, pain during and after illumination is the most frequent and limiting side effect. The aim of this study was to precisely assess how reported pain during PDT is influenced by sex, age, treatment site, disease (AK/BCC) as well as the photosensitizer used. 467 lesions consisting of AK (primary treatments: n=158; follow-up: n=47) or BCC (primary treatments: n=138; follow-up: 124) were treated by ALA- or MAL-PDT using metal halide lamps (580-750 nm). Pain was assessed during illumination using a continuous visual analogue scale (VAS). Factors predictive for higher pain levels during PDT are treatment of the head, treating AK and using ALA. The observed results may improve patient management and predict which level of pain to expect, and what kind of pain relief to prepare.

Longitudinal Relations Between Adolescent and Parental Behaviors, Parental Knowledge, and Internalizing Behaviors Among Urban Adolescents

PubMed Central

Garthe, Rachel C.; Sullivan, Terri; Kliewer, Wendy

2018-01-01

High prevalence rates of depression and anxiety among adolescents underscore the importance of identifying parental and adolescent behaviors that may lessen the risk for these outcomes. Previous research has shown that parental acceptance, parental knowledge, and child disclosure are negatively associated with internalizing behaviors. It is also important to explore the impact of internalizing behaviors on these parental and child constructs. The current study examined longitudinal relationships between parental acceptance, parental knowledge, child disclosure, and internalizing symptoms across a one-year time period. Participants were 358 adolescents (54 % female) and their primary caregivers, who were primarily African American (92 %). Parents and adolescents provided data through face-to-face interviews. Results showed that parental knowledge and parental acceptance predicted child disclosure, and child disclosure predicted parental knowledge one year later. Higher levels of parental acceptance predicted lower levels of adolescent-reported depressive symptoms, while higher levels of parental report of adolescents’ internalizing symptoms predicted lower levels of parental knowledge. No differences in the strength of these relationships were found across grade or gender. These findings highlight the role of the adolescent’s perceived acceptance by parents in promoting children’s disclosure, and the benefits of parental acceptance in decreasing depressive symptoms over time. Overall, these results show the impact that both adolescent and parental behaviors and internalizing behaviors have on each other across time. PMID:24609843

75 FR 12678 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Dillingham, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-17

... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Part 71 [Docket No. FAA-2009-1055; Airspace Docket No. 09-AAL-16] Revision of Class E Airspace; Dillingham, AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action revises Class E airspace at...

75 FR 5145 - AK Steel Corporation, Mansfield Works Division, Mansfield, OH; Notice of Affirmative...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-01

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Employment and Training Administration [TA-W-71,375] AK Steel Corporation, Mansfield Works Division, Mansfield, OH; Notice of Affirmative Determination Regarding Application for Reconsideration By application dated December 10, 2009, the United Steel Workers, Local 169, requested...

75 FR 474 - Alaska Disaster #AK-00017

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-05

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 11984 and 11985] Alaska Disaster AK-00017 AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a Notice of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of Alaska (FEMA-1865- DR), dated 12...

78 FR 39821 - Alaska Disaster #AK-00029

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-02

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13635 and 13636] Alaska Disaster AK-00029 AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a Notice of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of Alaska (FEMA-4122- DR), dated 06...

78 FR 55772 - Alaska Disaster Number AK-00028

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-11

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13633 and 13634] Alaska Disaster Number AK-00028 AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Amendment 1. SUMMARY: This is an amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the State of Alaska (FEMA--4122--DR), dated 06/25...

77 FR 7228 - Alaska Disaster #AK-00023

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-10

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13006 and 13007] Alaska Disaster AK-00023 AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a Notice of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of Alaska (FEMA-4054- DR), dated 02...

77 FR 73511 - Alaska Disaster #AK-00027

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-10

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13402 and 13403] Alaska Disaster AK-00027 AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a Notice of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of Alaska (FEMA-4094- DR), dated 11...

78 FR 39822 - Alaska Disaster #AK-00028

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-02

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13633 and 13634] Alaska Disaster AK-00028 AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice SUMMARY: This is a Notice of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the State of Alaska (FEMA-4122-DR), dated 06/25/2013. Incident: Flooding...

A Promising IFN-Deficient System to Manufacture IFN-Sensitive Influenza Vaccine Virus.

PubMed

Chen, Can; Fan, Wenhui; Li, Jing; Zheng, Weinan; Zhang, Shuang; Yang, Limin; Liu, Di; Liu, Wenjun; Sun, Lei

2018-01-01

Interferon (IFN)-sensitive and replication-incompetent influenza viruses are likely to be the alternatives to inactivated and attenuated virus vaccines. Some IFN-sensitive influenza vaccine candidates with modified non-structural protein 1 (NS1) are highly attenuated in IFN-competent hosts but induce robust antiviral immune responses. However, little research has been done on the manufacturability of these IFN-sensitive vaccine viruses. Here, RIG-I-knockout 293T cells were used to package the IFN-sensitive influenza A/WSN/33 (H1N1) virus expressing the mutant NS1 R38A/K41A. We found that the packaging efficiency of the NS1 R38A/K41A virus in RIG-I-knockout 293T cells was much higher than that in 293T cells. Moreover, the NS1 R38A/K41A virus almost lost its IFN antagonist activity and could no longer replicate in A549, MDCK, and Vero cells after 3-6 passages. This indicated that the replication of NS1 R38A/K41A virus is limited in conventional cells. Therefore, we further established a stable Vero cell line expressing the wild-type (WT) NS1 of the WSN virus, based on the Tet-On 3G system. The NS1 R38A/K41A virus was able to steadily propagate in this IFN-deficient cell line for at least 20 passages. In a mouse model, the NS1 R38A/K41A virus showed more than a 4-log reduction in lung virus titers compared to the WT virus at 3 and 5 days post infection. Furthermore, we observed that the NS1 R38A/K41A virus triggered high-level of IFN-α/β production in lung tissues and was eliminated from the host in a relatively short period of time. Additionally, this virus induced high-titer neutralizing antibodies against the WT WSN, A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (PR8), or A/California/04/2009 (CA04) viruses and provided 100% protection against the WT WSN virus. Thus, we found that the replication of the NS1 R38A/K41A virus was limited in IFN-competent cells and mice. We also presented a promising IFN-deficient system, involving a RIG-I-knockout 293T cell line to package the IFN-sensitive vaccine virus and a stable Vero cell line expressing NS1 to propagate the IFN-sensitive vaccine virus. The IFN-deficient system is applicable for the manufacture of IFN-sensitive vaccine virus.

p16 immunostaining in keratinocytic neoplasia in organ transplant recipients: Bowen's disease shows a characteristic pattern.

PubMed

Genders, Roel E; Beck, Samuel; Bouwes Bavinck, Jan Nico; van den Munckhof, Henk A M; Kouwenhoven, Stijn T P; de Koning, Maurits N C; de Gruijl, Frank R; Jenkins, David; Willemze, Rein; Quint, Koen D

2017-01-01

For selecting therapy, it is important to distinguish different types of keratinocytic neoplasia. It is sometimes difficult to make histopathologic diagnosis, especially in organ transplant recipients (OTR) who develop numerous lesions. To investigate p16 immunostaining in different types of keratinocytic neoplasia in OTR, we studied 59 actinic keratoses (AK), 51 Bowen' s disease (BD), 63 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 16 benign keratotic lesions (BKL) from 31 OTR patients and 25 controls (eczema and psoriasis). Tissue sections were stained for H&E and p16. We scored intensity, proportion and distribution of p16 positive lesional cells. In 19% of AK, 92% of BD, 35% of SCC and 12% of BKL more than 15% of lesional cells were p16-positive. In 16% of AK, 80% of BD, 18% of SCC and 13% of BKL strong p16 staining was observed. BKL, AK and SCC showed focal and patchy staining, BD showed diffuse pattern with strong staining of all atypical cells. Sparing of the basal layer was predominantly seen in BD. No control specimen showed p16-overexpression. p16 immunostaining shows a characteristic pattern in BD, but not in AK, SCC and BKL. It appears useful in recognizing BD, but not in differentiating between other keratinocytic neoplasia. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

An apodized Kepler periodogram for separating planetary and stellar activity signals

PubMed Central

Gregory, Philip C.

2016-01-01

A new apodized Keplerian (AK) model is proposed for the analysis of precision radial velocity (RV) data to model both planetary and stellar activity (SA) induced RV signals. A symmetrical Gaussian apodization function with unknown width and centre can distinguish planetary signals from SA signals on the basis of the span of the apodization window. The general model for m AK signals includes a linear regression term between RV and the SA diagnostic log (R′hk), as well as an extra Gaussian noise term with unknown standard deviation. The model parameters are explored using a Bayesian fusion Markov chain Monte Carlo code. A differential version of the generalized Lomb–Scargle periodogram that employs a control diagnostic provides an additional way of distinguishing SA signals and helps guide the choice of new periods. Results are reported for a recent international RV blind challenge which included multiple state-of-the-art simulated data sets supported by a variety of SA diagnostics. In the current implementation, the AK method achieved a reduction in SA noise by a factor of approximately 6. Final parameter estimates for the planetary candidates are derived from fits that include AK signals to model the SA components and simple Keplerians to model the planetary candidates. Preliminary results are also reported for AK models augmented by a moving average component that allows for correlations in the residuals. PMID:27346979

Fluorescence and NMR investigations in the ligand binding properties of adenylate kinases

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Reinstein, J.; Vetter, I.R.; Schlichting, I.

A new system for measurement of affinities of adenylate kinases (AK) for substrates and inhibitors is presented. This system is based on the use of the fluorescent ligand {alpha},{omega}-di((3{prime} or 2{prime})-O-(N-methyl-anthraniloyl)adenosine-5{prime}) pentaphosphate (MAP5Am), which is an analogue of the bisubstrate inhibitor diadenosine pentaphosphate (AP5A). It allows the determination of dissociation constants for any ligand in the range of 1 {times} 10{sup {minus}9} to 5 {times} 10{sup {minus}2} M. Affinities for different bisubstrate inhibitors (AP4A, AP5A, AP6A) and substrates (AMP, ADP, ATP, GTP) were determined in the presence and absence of magnesium. An analysis of the binding of bisubstrate inhibitors ismore » proposed and applied to these data. Temperature denaturation experiments indicate that the mutant enzyme has the same thermal stability as the wild-type enzyme and, as NMR studies indicate, also a very similar structure. Together with the results obtained by Tian et al on the effect of replacement of the conserved His-36 in the cytosolic AK (AK1) from chicken by glutamine and asparagine, this shows that residues 28 of AK from E. coli (AKec) and 36 of AK1 are situated in a comparable environment and are not essential for catalytic activity.« less

Dermal changes in superficial basal cell carcinoma, melanoma in situ and actinic keratosis and their implications

PubMed Central

Kazlouskaya, Viktoryia; Malhotra, Saurabh; Navarro, Raquel; Wu, Karen Nguyen; Shvartsbeyn, Marianna; Shengli, Chen; Gui, Jiang; Elston, Dirk M.

2018-01-01

Background Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) has a characteristic stroma, but less is known about the dermal characteristics associated with melanoma in situ (MIS) and actinic keratosis (AK). Materials and methods Dermal changes were studied in 301 specimens of AK, BCC and MIS. Subsequently, blinded images of dermal changes from 90 randomly selected cases of those entities were used to assess the predictive value of the dermal changes. Agreement with the final diagnosis was calculated using kappa coefficient (κ). Results Fibromyxoid stroma was present in 82% of BCC cases; fibrous stroma was seen in 25% of BCC, 58% of MIS and 35.6% of AK specimens (p <0.05). A lichenoid inflammatory infiltrate was frequently associated with AK and a perifollicular infiltrate with periadnexal fibrosis with MIS. Blinded evaluation of images of the dermal changes associated with the tumors yielded the correct diagnosis in (54.4, 41.1 and 27.8%; average 41.2%) by the three appraisers. Coefficient of agreement in blinded imaged evaluation with the actual diagnosis was higher in the BCC and MIS compared with AK (κ = 0.37, p = 0.0001; κ = 0.2, p = 0.0005 and κ = −0.06, p = 0.84, respectively). Conclusion Dermal features may be helpful in predicting the correct diagnosis when tumor is not visible. PMID:24117926

Diagnostic Algorithm to Reflect Regressive Changes of Human Papilloma Virus in Tissue Biopsies

PubMed Central

Lhee, Min Jin; Cha, Youn Jin; Bae, Jong Man; Kim, Young Tae

2014-01-01

Purpose Landmark indicators have not yet to be developed to detect the regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). We propose that quantitative viral load and indicative histological criteria can be used to differentiate between atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and a CIN of grade 1. Materials and Methods We collected 115 tissue biopsies from women who tested positive for the human papilloma virus (HPV). Nine morphological parameters including nuclear size, perinuclear halo, hyperchromasia, typical koilocyte (TK), abortive koilocyte (AK), bi-/multi-nucleation, keratohyaline granules, inflammation, and dyskeratosis were examined for each case. Correlation analyses, cumulative logistic regression, and binary logistic regression were used to determine optimal cut-off values of HPV copy numbers. The parameters TK, perinuclear halo, multi-nucleation, and nuclear size were significantly correlated quantitatively to HPV copy number. Results An HPV loading number of 58.9 and AK number of 20 were optimal to discriminate between negative and subtle findings in biopsies. An HPV loading number of 271.49 and AK of 20 were optimal for discriminating between equivocal changes and obvious koilocytosis. Conclusion We propose that a squamous epithelial lesion with AK of >20 and quantitative HPV copy number between 58.9-271.49 represents a new spectrum of subtle pathological findings, characterized by AK in ASCUS. This can be described as a distinct entity and called "regressing koilocytosis". PMID:24532500

Topical photodynamic therapy with methylaminolevulinate for the treatment of actinic keratosis and reduction of photodamage in organ transplant recipients: a case-series of 16 patients.

PubMed

Hasson, Ariel; Navarrete-Dechent, Cristián; Nicklas, Claudia; de la Cruz, Claudia

2012-01-01

Organ transplant recipients (OTR) are at high risk of developing cutaneous neoplasms. Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used for the treatment of actinic keratosis (AK) in OTR. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of PDT with methylaminolevulinate (MAL) in the treatment of facial AK in OTR. As a secondary objective, we wanted to evaluate the usefulness of topical PDT in the reduction of photodamage in OTR. A prospective, single center, single arm study was made. 16 OTR were included. Topical PDT was applied for 1 or 2 cycles depending on the patient's characteristics. An evaluation of AK was made at visits pre-treatment, at 12 weeks and at 24 weeks. Photodamage was measured with multispectral image technique (SkinCare). A complete response rate of 100% was achieved for AK in all patients; it persisted without change at 12 and 24 weeks of follow-up. 62.5% of patients improved their photodamage as measured by SkinCare®, but this result was not statistically significant (P = 0.12). All patients had high level of satisfaction at the end of the therapy. MAL-PDT is an effective therapy for the treatment of AK in OTRs. It can reduce photodamage in this group of patients, but these results were not statistically significant.

On the Roles of Substrate Binding and Hinge Unfolding in Conformational Changes of Adenylate Kinase

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Brokaw, Jason B.; Chu, Jhih-wei

2010-11-17

We characterized the conformational change of adenylate kinase (AK) between open and closed forms by conducting five all-atom molecular-dynamics simulations, each of 100 ns duration. Different initial structures and substrate binding configurations were used to probe the pathways of AK conformational change in explicit solvent, and no bias potential was applied. A complete closed-to-open and a partial open-to-closed transition were observed, demonstrating the direct impact of substrate-mediated interactions on shifting protein conformation. The sampled configurations suggest two possible pathways for connecting the open and closed structures of AK, affirming the prediction made based on available x-ray structures and earlier worksmore » of coarse-grained modeling. The trajectories of the all-atom molecular-dynamics simulations revealed the complexity of protein dynamics and the coupling between different domains during conformational change. Calculations of solvent density and density fluctuations surrounding AK did not show prominent variation during the transition between closed and open forms. Finally, we characterized the effects of local unfolding of an important hinge near Pro177 on the closed-to-open transition of AK and identified a novel mechanism by which hinge unfolding modulates protein conformational change. The local unfolding of Pro177 hinge induces alternative tertiary contacts that stabilize the closed structure and prevent the opening transition.« less

Bowman’s layer encystment in cases of persistent Acanthamoeba keratitis

PubMed Central

Yokogawa, Hideaki; Kobayashi, Akira; Yamazaki, Natsuko; Ishibashi, Yasuhisa; Oikawa, Yosaburo; Tokoro, Masaharu; Sugiyama, Kazuhisa

2012-01-01

Background The purpose of this study was to report Acanthamoeba encystment in Bowman’s layer in Japanese cases of persistent Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Methods Laser confocal microscopic images of the cornea were obtained in vivo from 18 consecutive eyes from 17 confirmed AK patients. Retrospectively, 14 cases treated over 4 months were categorized as a nonpersistent group and three cases that required prolonged therapy for more than 6 months were categorized as a persistent group. Clinical outcomes based on final best-corrected visual acuity were retrospectively analyzed, and selected confocal images were evaluated qualitatively for abnormal findings. Results The final best-corrected visual acuity was significantly lower (P < 0.01) for patients in the persistent group compared with that in the nonpersistent group. At the initial visit, in vivo confocal microscopy demonstrated Acanthamoeba cysts exclusively in the epithelial layer in both the nonpersistent group (80%) and the persistent group (100%). At a subsequent follow-up visit, numerous Acanthamoeba cysts were observed in the epithelial cell layer and in Bowman’s layer in all patients with persistent AK, but Acanthamoeba cysts were undetectable in all cases with nonpersistent AK tested. Conclusion Invasion of cysts into Bowman’s layer was characteristically observed in patients with persistence of AK. This finding suggests that invasion of Acanthamoeba cysts into Bowman’s layer may be a useful predictor for a persistent clinical course. PMID:22927735

Acanthamoeba keratitis in patients wearing scleral contact lenses.

PubMed

Sticca, Matheus Porto; Carrijo-Carvalho, Linda C; Silva, Isa M B; Vieira, Luiz A; Souza, Luciene B; Junior, Rubens Belfort; Carvalho, Fábio Ramos S; Freitas, Denise

2018-06-01

To report a series of cases of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) in scleral lens wearers with keratoconus to determine whether this type of contact lens presents a greater risk for development of infection. This study reports three patients who wore scleral contact lenses to correct keratoconus and developed AK. The diagnoses of AK were established based on cultures of the cornea, scleral contact lenses, and contact lens paraphernalia. This study investigated the risk factors for infections. The possible risks for AK in scleral contact lens wearers are hypoxic changes in the corneal epithelium because of the large diameter and minimal tear exchange, use of large amounts of saline solution necessary for scleral lens fitting, storing the scleral lens overnight in saline solution rather than contact lens multipurpose solutions, not rubbing the contact lens during cleaning, and the space between the cornea and the back surface of the scleral lens that might serve as a fluid reservoir and environment for Acanthamoeba multiplication. Two patients responded well to medical treatment of AK; one is still being treated. The recommendations for use and care of scleral contact lenses should be emphasized, especially regarding use of sterile saline (preferably single use), attention to rubbing the lens during cleaning, cleaning of the plunger, and overnight storage in fresh contact lens multipurpose solutions without topping off the lens solution in the case. Copyright © 2017 British Contact Lens Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Degradation of phenol via phenylphosphate and carboxylation to 4-hydroxybenzoate by a newly isolated strain of the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfobacterium anilini.

PubMed

Ahn, Young-Beom; Chae, Jong-Chan; Zylstra, Gerben J; Häggblom, Max M

2009-07-01

A sulfate-reducing phenol-degrading bacterium, strain AK1, was isolated from a 2-bromophenol-utilizing sulfidogenic estuarine sediment enrichment culture. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and DNA homology, strain AK1 is most closely related to Desulfobacterium anilini strain Ani1 (= DSM 4660(T)). In addition to phenol, this organism degrades a variety of other aromatic compounds, including benzoate, 2-hydroxybenzoate, 4-hydroxybenzoate, 4-hydroxyphenylacetate, 2-aminobenzoate, 2-fluorophenol, and 2-fluorobenzoate, but it does not degrade aniline, 3-hydroxybenzoate, 4-cyanophenol, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate, monohalogenated phenols, or monohalogenated benzoates. Growth with sulfate as an electron acceptor occurred with acetate and pyruvate but not with citrate, propionate, butyrate, lactate, glucose, or succinate. Strain AK1 is able to use sulfate, sulfite, and thiosulfate as electron acceptors. A putative phenylphosphate synthase gene responsible for anaerobic phenol degradation was identified in strain AK1. In phenol-grown cultures inducible expression of the ppsA gene was verified by reverse transcriptase PCR, and 4-hydroxybenzoate was detected as an intermediate. These results suggest that the pathway for anaerobic degradation of phenol in D. anilini strain AK1 proceeds via phosphorylation of phenol to phenylphosphate, followed by carboxylation to 4-hydroxybenzoate. The details concerning such reaction pathways in sulfidogenic bacteria have not been characterized previously.

Knowledge of Human Papillomavirus and Acceptability to Vaccinate in Adolescents and Young Adults of the Moroccan Population.

PubMed

Zouheir, Yassine; Daouam, Samira; Hamdi, Salsabil; Alaoui, Abdelaaziz; Fechtali, Taoufiq

2016-06-01

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is estimated to play an etiologic role in 99.7% of cervical cancer. Vaccines can prevent up to 70% of the cervical cancer caused by HPV 16 and 18. The present study was designed to define the knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine acceptability among Moroccan youth. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A nationwide anonymous questionnaire with a sample of 688 adolescents (12-17 years) and 356 young adults (18-30 years) was organized, that asked about HPV, origin of cervical cancer, Papanicolaou (Pap) test, and acceptability of HPV vaccine. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods. Overall, a low frequency (213/1044 = 20%) of HPV knowledge was observed among the studied population. A multivariate model analysis showed that age, educational level, and knowledge of the Pap test remained significantly associated factors with HPV knowledge. Additionally, only 27% (282/1044) of participants were willing to accept HPV vaccination. Highest acceptability was observed among young adults compared with adolescents (166/356 = 46.6% vs 116/688 = 16.9%). Sixty-two percent (103/165) of male participants accepted the HPV vaccine compared with only 20.4% (179/879) of female participants. Educational level, type of school, and knowledge of the Pap test were associated factors with HPV vaccine acceptability in a multivariate model analysis. The present study showed a low level of HPV knowledge and HPV vaccine acceptability among Moroccan youth. Promotion of activities and sensitization are required to maximize public awareness in the future. This objective can be achieved with the use of media, active efforts by health care providers, and introduction of sexual education in school programs. Copyright © 2015 North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Knowledge Sharing and Educational Technology Acceptance in Online Academic Communities of Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nistor, Nicolae; Baltes, Beate; Schustek, Monika

2012-01-01

Purpose: Online programs rely on the use of educational technology for knowledge sharing in academic virtual communities of practice (vCoPs). This poses the question as to which factors influence technology acceptance. Previous research has investigated the inter-relationship between educational technology acceptance (ETA) and the vCoP context…

76 FR 11675 - IFR Altitudes; Miscellaneous Amendments

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-03

... action is needed because of changes occurring in the National Airspace System. These changes are designed... matters of flight safety and operational efficiency in the National Airspace System, are related to... RIVER, AK NDB BARTER ISLAND, AK NDB... 2000 From To MEA MAA Sec. 95.3000 Low Altitude RNAV Routes Sec...

Automatic Dependent Surveillance Benefit and Cost Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-11-01

North Amarica -Caribbean flow on routes west of Puerto Rico or proximate to Puerto Rico would receive full ADS-supported reduced separation minima...from - South/Central Pacific Ocean (HAW - S/C PAC) Ś. Alaska - to/from - North Amarica /West (AK - NAM/WEST) 7. Asia - to/from - Alaska (ASIA - AK) 8

76 FR 61258 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Allakaket, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-04

... Allakaket, AK, to accommodate the amendment of one Standard Instrument Approach Procedure at the Allakaket Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR... Regulations, part 51, subject to the annual revision of FAA Order 7400.9 and publication of conforming...

76 FR 60714 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Northway, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-30

... Northway, AK, to accommodate the amendment of one Standard Instrument Approach Procedure at the Northway Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR... incorporation by reference action under title 1, Code of Federal Regulations, part 51, subject to the annual...

75 FR 34393 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Port Clarence, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-17

...: This action proposes to establish Class E airspace at Port Clarence Coast Guard Station (CGS), AK. The... approach procedure. This instrument approach development at the Port Clarence CGS Airport has made this action necessary to enhance safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations. DATES...

76 FR 65944 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Tatitlek, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-25

... at Tatitlek, AK, to accommodate the creation of one standard instrument approach procedure at the Tatitlek Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules... Regulations, part 51, subject to the annual revision of FAA Order 7400.9 and publication of conforming...

76 FR 54149 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Kipnuk, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-31

... proposes to revise Class E airspace at Kipnuk, AK. The amendment of two standard instrument approach procedures at the Kipnuk Airport has made this action necessary to enhance safety and management of.... ADDRESSES: Send comments on the proposal to the Docket Management Facility, U.S. Department of...

76 FR 49386 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Nuiqsut, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-10

... proposes to revise Class E airspace at Nuiqsut AK. The amendment of two standard instrument approach procedures at the Nuiqsut Airport has made this action necessary to enhance safety and management of.... ADDRESSES: Send comments on the proposal to the Docket Management Facility, U.S. Department of...

78 FR 33103 - Call For Nominations and Comments for the 2013 National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Oil and Gas...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-03

... available areas is online at http://www.blm.gov/ak . DATES: BLM-Alaska must receive all nominations and...-Alaska Web site at http://www.blm.gov/ak . Authority: 43 CFR 3131.2. Bud Cribley, State Director. [FR Doc...

JPRS Report, Science & Technology, USSR: Life Sciences

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-07-16

A.K. Naumova, V.l. Korenev , et al.; GENETIKA, No 1, Jan 86) 53 MICROBIOLOGY Immobilization of Microorganisms on Latex for Production of...pp 166-168 [Article by A.K. Naumova, V.l. Korenev , B.V. Leonov, V.V. Tsibinogin and L.L. Kiselev, Institute of Molecular Biology, USSR Academy of

75 FR 11905 - Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-12

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife Service [FWS-R7-R-2009-N282; 70133-1265-0000-U4] Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK AGENCY: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior. ACTION: Notice of availability of proposed land exchange Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge final...

77 FR 49720 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Chenega Bay, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-17

... at Chenega Bay, AK, to accommodate aircraft using a new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Chenega Bay Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date, 0901 UTC...

76 FR 35936 - Alaska Disaster #AK-00020

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-20

... U.S. SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12632 and 12633] Alaska Disaster AK-00020 AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a Notice of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of Alaska (FEMA-1992- DR), dated 06...

43 CFR 2568.40 - Does BLM have the authority to ask me for the information required in these regulations?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... AK-2561-10. BLM uses this information to determine if using the public lands is appropriate. You must... follows: 28 hours per response to fill out form AK-2561-10. These estimates include the time for reviewing...

75 FR 54661 - Alaska Disaster #AK-00018 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-08

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12292] Alaska Disaster AK-00018 Declaration of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of Alaska, dated 08/27/2010. Incident...

43 CFR 2568.40 - Does BLM have the authority to ask me for the information required in these regulations?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... AK-2561-10. BLM uses this information to determine if using the public lands is appropriate. You must... follows: 28 hours per response to fill out form AK-2561-10. These estimates include the time for reviewing...

Incorporation of PCI flow measurement/control at AK Steel Corporation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dibert, W.A.; Keaton, D.

1994-12-31

A measurement and control system has been developed and implemented to improve the distribution of coal among the tuyere lines on AK Steel Corporation`s Amanda blast furnace at Ashland, Kentucky. This paper discusses the development and design of the system, and briefly reviews operating results achieved.

43 CFR 2568.40 - Does BLM have the authority to ask me for the information required in these regulations?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... AK-2561-10. BLM uses this information to determine if using the public lands is appropriate. You must... follows: 28 hours per response to fill out form AK-2561-10. These estimates include the time for reviewing...

Thermodynamic model of Ak-Tuz deposit surface water formation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alekhina, V. M.; Tokaver, I. V.; Ryzhenko, B. N.; Cherkasova, E. V.

2016-03-01

In Ak-Tuz deposit surface water macro and micro components concentrations are measured. Thermodynamic model is developed for aqueous composition prognosis at variation of water exchange. The concentration of n×10-8 mg Th / kg H2O and more testifies about Th containing colloid species in aqueous solution.

43 CFR 2568.40 - Does BLM have the authority to ask me for the information required in these regulations?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... AK-2561-10. BLM uses this information to determine if using the public lands is appropriate. You must... follows: 28 hours per response to fill out form AK-2561-10. These estimates include the time for reviewing...

77 FR 71667 - Alaska Disaster #AK-00026 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-03

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13393] Alaska Disaster AK-00026 Declaration of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of Alaska, dated 11/21/2012. Incident: 2012...

78 FR 43063 - Drawbridge Operation Regulations; Arthur Kill, NY

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-19

... Regulations; Arthur Kill, NY AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice of temporary deviation from regulations... governing the operation of the Arthur Kill AK Railroad Bridge across Arthur Kill, mile 11.6, between Staten...) 366-9826. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The AK Railroad Bridge, across Arthur Kill, mile 11.6, between...

75 FR 76294 - Radio Broadcasting Services; Fairbanks, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-08

... FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION 47 CFR Part 73 [DA 10-2211; MB Docket No. 10-81; RM-11600] Radio Broadcasting Services; Fairbanks, AK AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY... Subjects in 47 CFR Part 73 Radio, Radio broadcasting. 0 For the reasons discussed in the preamble, the...

77 FR 74898 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-18

... organization has prepared summaries, set forth in sections A, B and C below, of the most significant aspects of... Capital Ltd. (''ACAS''), Adobe Systems Inc. (``ADBE''), AK Steel Holding Corp. (``AKS''), Applied Materials Inc. (``AMAT''), Brocade Communications Systems (``BRCD''), Boston Scientific Corp. (``BSX''), CSX...

Acceptability of Behavioral Treatments: Influence of Knowledge of Behavioral Principles.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rasnake, L. Kaye; And Others

1993-01-01

Fifty-seven direct care staff members from an intermediate care facility for adults with mental retardation rated the acceptability of interventions used for self-injurious behavior and completed a measure of knowledge about behavioral principles. Results indicated that staff age and educational attainment were related to knowledge scores, but…

ADHD knowledge, misconceptions, and treatment acceptability.

PubMed

Sciutto, Mark J

2015-02-01

Despite the availability of several effective treatments, many children with ADHD do not receive adequate services. A variety of factors may influence help-seeking behavior among families of children with ADHD. This study explores two factors that may influence help-seeking decisions: knowledge and misconceptions of ADHD and treatment acceptability. A total of 196 participants completed measures of ADHD knowledge and use of information sources prior to rating the acceptability of two interventions: stimulant medication and sugar elimination diets. Higher levels of ADHD misconceptions were associated with lower acceptance of medication and higher acceptance of dietary interventions. However, analysis of individual misconceptions suggests that specific misconceptions are differentially related to perceptions of individual treatments. It may be important for clinicians to assess and deliberately target specific misconceptions as part of treatment for ADHD. © 2013 SAGE Publications.

The knowledge base and acceptability of prenatal diagnosis by pregnant women in Ibadan.

PubMed

Adekanbi, Adesina O A; Olayemi, Oladapo O; Fawole, Adeniran O

2014-03-01

This cross-sectional study evaluated knowledge and acceptability of prenatal diagnosis among 500 pregnant women at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Most participants were aged 25-34 years, self-employed, Muslim, monogamy, secondary school leavers, on income of < naira10,000.00 (US$ 67.00)/month. Attitudinal mean score was dependent on age (p = 0.006), educational attainment (p = 0.001), marital status (p = 0.025) and religion (p = 0.012). Knowledge mean score was influenced by marital status (p = 0.028). Overall, acceptance of prenatal diagnosis was high. There was a direct correlation between acceptance and educational attainment: 41.5%, 31.50%, 19%, 19% of women who agreed to have prenatal diagnosis had tertiary, secondary school, primary school and no formal education respectively. Determinants of acceptability were age, educational attainment, marital status and religion. Being married significantly affected knowledge scores, while tertiary education, being divorced, unskilled and self-employed positively influenced attitude towards prenatal diagnosis.

Exploring Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions of Newspaper Journalists in Metropolitan Markets in the United States Regarding Food Biotechnology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vestal, Tom A.; Briers, Gary E.

2000-01-01

A survey of 88 journalists from metropolitan newspapers found a low level of knowledge about food biotechnology. Most considered genetic modification of plants acceptable, of animals somewhat acceptable. They trusted university scientists as sources and believed farmers would accept food biotechnology sooner than consumers would. (Contains 31…

Potassium salt microinjection into Xenopus oocytes mimics gonadotropin treatment.

PubMed

Lau, Y T; Yassin, R R; Horowitz, S B

1988-06-03

Gonadotropin stimulates protein synthesis and growth in ovarian oocytes. The hormone is also known to modify transfollicular K+ fluxes and is now shown to cause increased intraoocytic K+ activity (aK). The hormone's effect on aK was duplicated by microinjecting K+ salts into oocytes which were incubated in paraffin oil. This treatment mimicked the influence of gonadotropin on both the rate of protein synthesis and the synthesis of specific polypeptides. These findings suggest that gonadotropin-stimulated oocyte growth is attributable largely to the hormone's influence on transfollicular K+ fluxes. They support the hypothesis that the K+ flux and aK changes observed during cell activation are critical in causing subsequent increases in protein synthesis and growth.

Teachers' Knowledge of ADHD, Treatments for ADHD, and Treatment Acceptability: An Initial Investigation. Research Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vereb, Rebecca L.; DiPerna, James C.

2004-01-01

The purpose of this study was to begin to explore the relationship among teachers' knowledge of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), knowledge of common treatments for ADHD, and acceptability of different approaches to treatment for ADHD (medication and behavior management). Relationships also were explored between these variables and…

45 CFR 705.13 - Exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... exemptions: (1) Appeals, Grievances, and Complaints (staff)—Commission Project, CRC-001. Exempt partially...) Complaints, CRC-003—Exempt partially under 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2). The reasons for possibly asserting the... endangering these sources. (3) Commission projects, CRC-004—Partially exempt under 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2). The...

75 FR 29582 - Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-26

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife Service [FWS-R7-R-2010-N082; 70133-1265-0000-U4] Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK AGENCY: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior. ACTION: Notice of availability: record of decision. SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service...

75 FR 1404 - Kenai National Wildlife Refuge, Soldotna, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-11

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife Service [FWS-R7-R-2009-N250; 70133-1265-0000-S3] Kenai National Wildlife Refuge, Soldotna, AK AGENCY: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior. ACTION: Notice of availability: record of decision. SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service...

75 FR 17763 - Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-07

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife Service [FWS-R7-R-2009-N260; 70133-1265-0000-S3] Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK AGENCY: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior. ACTION... statement; request for comment. SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), will be...

14 CFR Appendix D to Part 420 - Impact Dispersion Areas and Casualty Expectancy Estimate for an Unguided Suborbital Launch Vehicle

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...”. ER19Oc00.119 where: k { {1, 2, 3, . . . , n} Ac = casualty area (from table D-1) Ak = populated area Nk = population in Ak Table D-1—Effective Casualty Area (Ac) vs. Impact Range Impact range (nm) Effective casualty...

50 CFR Table 16 to Part 679 - Area Codes and Descriptions for Use With State of Alaska ADF&G Commercial Operator's Annual...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...&GRegulations Alaska PeninsulaSouth Peninsula (MS) North Peninsula (MN) King Crab:AK Peninsula/Aleutian Islands Salmon MM M 5 AAC 34.5005 AAC 12.100 (Aleutians) 5 AAC 09.100 (AK Peninsula) Herring M 5 AAC 27.600...

14 CFR Appendix D to Part 420 - Impact Dispersion Areas and Casualty Expectancy Estimate for an Unguided Suborbital Launch Vehicle

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...”. ER19Oc00.119 where: k { {1, 2, 3, . . . , n} Ac = casualty area (from table D-1) Ak = populated area Nk = population in Ak Table D-1—Effective Casualty Area (Ac) vs. Impact Range Impact range (nm) Effective casualty...

50 CFR Table 16 to Part 679 - Area Codes and Descriptions for Use With State of Alaska ADF&G Commercial Operator's Annual...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...&GRegulations Alaska PeninsulaSouth Peninsula (MS) North Peninsula (MN) King Crab:AK Peninsula/Aleutian Islands Salmon MM M 5 AAC 34.5005 AAC 12.100 (Aleutians) 5 AAC 09.100 (AK Peninsula) Herring M 5 AAC 27.600...

14 CFR Appendix D to Part 420 - Impact Dispersion Areas and Casualty Expectancy Estimate for an Unguided Suborbital Launch Vehicle

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...”. ER19Oc00.119 where: k { {1, 2, 3, . . . , n} Ac = casualty area (from table D-1) Ak = populated area Nk = population in Ak Table D-1—Effective Casualty Area (Ac) vs. Impact Range Impact range (nm) Effective casualty...

50 CFR Table 16 to Part 679 - Area Codes and Descriptions for Use With State of Alaska ADF&G Commercial Operator's Annual...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...&GRegulations Alaska PeninsulaSouth Peninsula (MS) North Peninsula (MN) King Crab:AK Peninsula/Aleutian Islands Salmon MM M 5 AAC 34.5005 AAC 12.100 (Aleutians) 5 AAC 09.100 (AK Peninsula) Herring M 5 AAC 27.600...

75 FR 5757 - Notice of Availability of Final Environmental Assessment and Finding of No Significant Impact for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-04

..., Delta Junction, AK AGENCY: Alaska State Office, Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA. ACTION..., the State Conservationist (Alaska) found that the project would not result in a significant impact on... Service, Palmer State Office, 800 West Evergreen, Suite 100, Palmer, AK 99645. 2. Natural Resources...

Facile synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of novel substituted azole derivatives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rafiq, Muhammad; Saleem, Muhammad; Jabeen, Farukh; Hanif, Muhammad; Seo, Sung-Yum; Kang, Sung Kwon; Lee, Ki Hwan

2017-06-01

In this study, we synthesized the series of novel azole derivatives and evaluated for enzyme inhibition assays, corresponding kinetic analysis and molecular modeling. Among the investigated bioassays, the oxadiazole derivatives 4a-k were found potent α-glucosidase inhibitors while the Schiff base derivatives 7a-k exhibited considerable potential toward urease inhibition. The inhibition kinetics for the most active compounds were analyzed by the Lineweaver-Burk plots to investigate the possible binding modes of the synthesized compounds toward the tested proteins. Moreover, the detailed docking studies were performed on the synthesized library of 4a-k and 7a-k to study the molecular interaction and binding mode in the active site of the modeled yeast α-glucosidase and Jack Bean Urease, respectively. It could be inferred from docking results that theoretical studies are in close agreement to that of the experimental results. The structure of one of the compound 7k was characterized by the single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis in order to find out the predominant conformation of the molecules.

Using Optical Coherence Tomography to Evaluate Skin Sun Damage and Precancer

PubMed Central

Korde, Vrushali R.; Bonnema, Garret T.; Xu, Wei; Krishnamurthy, Chetankumar; Ranger-Moore, James; Saboda, Kathylynn; Slayton, Lisa D.; Salasche, Stuart J.; Warneke, James A.; Alberts, David S.; Barton, Jennifer K.

2008-01-01

Background and Objectives Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a depth resolved imaging modality that may aid in identifying sun damaged skin and the precancerous condition actinic keratosis (AK). Study Design/Materials and Methods OCT images were acquired of 112 patients at 2 sun protected and 2 sun exposed sites, with a subsequent biopsy. Each site received a dermatological evaluation, a histological diagnosis, and a solar elastosis (SE) score. OCT images were examined visually and statistically analyzed. Results Characteristic OCT image features were identified of sun protected, undiseased, sun damaged, and AK skin. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001) between the average attenuation values of skin with minimal and severe solar elastosis was observed. Significant differences (P < 0.0001) were also found between undiseased skin and AK using a gradient analysis. Using image features, AK could be distinguished from undiseased skin with 86% sensitivity and 83% specificity. Conclusion OCT has the potential to guide biopsies and provide non-invasive measures of skin sun damage and disease state, possibly increasing efficiency of chemopreventive agent trials. PMID:17960754

The continued use of sunscreen prevents the development of actinic keratosis in aged Japanese subjects.

PubMed

Kunimoto, Kayo; Furukawa, Fukumi; Uede, Mikiko; Mizuno, Makoto; Yamamoto, Yuki

2016-08-01

It is well known that the trigger for actinic keratosis (AK) mainly depends on UV exposure. We evaluated the effects of long-term use of sunscreen on the histopathological and dermoscopic changes of AK in aged patients. Eighteen months use of sunscreen produced no change in the number of actinic keratoses or the advancement of histological grade. Although a significant decrease was not observed in the number of positive cells of p53, Ki-67 and COX-2 of the subjects who used sunscreen for 18 months, the downward tendencies of these proteins were observed. The continued use of sunscreen decreased the number of CD31-positive vessels significantly using the Chalkley method, and a significant improvement in scaling and vessel dots was found by dermoscopic study. Moreover, a relationship was found in the amount of sunscreen use and the number of actinic keratoses. Considering these results, it was thought that application of sunscreen reduces the risk of advancement of AK to higher grade AK and squamous cell carcinoma. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Fast Turn-Off Times Observed in Experimental 4H SiC Thyristors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Niedra, Janis M.

2006-01-01

Room temperature measurements of the turn-off time (t(sub q)) are reported for several packaged, npnp developmental power thyristors based on 4H-type SiC and rated 400 V, 2 A. Turn-off is effected by a 50 V pulse of applied reverse voltage, from a state of a steady 1 A forward current. Plots of t(sub q) against the ramp rate (dV(sub AK)/dt) of reapplied forward voltage are presented for preset values of limiting anode-to-cathode voltage (V(sub AK,max)). The lowest t(sub q) measured was about 180 ns. A rapid rise of these t(sub q) curves was observed for values of V(sub AK,max) that are only about a fifth of the rated voltage, whereas comparative t(sub q) plots for a commercial, fast turn-off, Si-based thyristor at a proportionately reduced V(sub AK,max) showed no such behavior. Hence these SiC thyristors may have problems arising from material defects or surface passivation. The influence the R-C-D gate bypass circuit that was used is briefly discussed.

Italian guidelines and therapeutic algorithm for actinic keratoses.

PubMed

Rossi, R; Calzavara-Pinton, P G; Giannetti, A; Peserico, A; Santucci, M; Vena, G A; Lotti, T

2009-12-01

The prevalence of actinic keratosis (AK) continues to rise among white people throughout the world and it is necessary to increase the level of attention paid to it from a diagnostic and a preventive point of view. Today, AK must be considered an in situ squamous cell carcinoma and as such, must be managed using one of the available approved therapeutic alternatives. However, when multiple AKs develop on severely photodamaged skin, the treatment of the lesion together with that of the field of cancerization is part of an optimal strategy that aims not only to solve alterations clinically evident but also those in the surrounding skin field cancerization, that most likely hosts genetic alterations and is the site of initial gradual replacement of normal cells with tumoral cells. This paper reports the most recent evidences from a careful review of the literature's key articles of the treatment of AKs and suggests guidelines for the clinicians. The guidelines indicated by the authors have also been based on practical evaluations and their own clinical experience. The present conclusions may be modified by new findings in the field of oncologic research.

Femtosecond Laser-assisted Arcuate Keratotomy Versus Toric IOL Implantation for Correcting Astigmatism.

PubMed

Yoo, Aeri; Yun, Samyoung; Kim, Jae Yong; Kim, Myoung Joon; Tchah, Hungwon

2015-09-01

To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate keratotomy (FS-AK) versus toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for correcting astigmatism in patients with cataract. A retrospective chart review was performed. All patients had senile cataracts with corneal astigmatism (range: +1.00 to +3.00 diopters [D]) before cataract surgery. Twenty-five patients agreed to undergo toric IOL implantation (the toric IOL group). Twenty-three patients did not agree to undergo toric IOL implantation despite astigmatism; however, these patients were not satisfied with their remaining astigmatism following cataract surgery and requested astigmatism correction using FS-AK (the FS-AK group). Visual acuity and intraocular pressure were evaluated, and automated refraction, keratometry, and slit-lamp examinations were performed at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 5 months after surgery. Refractive astigmatism decreased in both groups. The mean preoperative and postoperative refractive cylinders were 1.71 ± 1.15 and 0.78 ± 1.06 D, respectively, in the FS-AK group (P < .001) and 1.67 ± 0.13 and 0.83 ± 0.097 D, respectively, in the toric IOL group (P < .001). There were no statistically significant differences between groups at any time during the follow-up period. FS-AK is a fast, customizable, adjustable, precise, and safe procedure for reducing refractive errors in patients with residual astigmatism after cataract surgery. The results of this procedure are comparable to the toric IOL. Copyright 2015, SLACK Incorporated.

Identification and characterization of an arginine kinase as a major allergen from silkworm (Bombyx mori) larvae.

PubMed

Liu, Zhigang; Xia, Lixin; Wu, Yulan; Xia, Qingyou; Chen, Jiajie; Roux, Kenneth H

2009-01-01

The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is an important insect in the textile industry and its pupa are used in Chinese cuisine and traditional Chinese medicine. The silk, urine and dander of silkworms is often the cause of allergies in sericulture workers and the pupa has been found to be a food allergen in China. Recent studies have focused on reporting cases of silkworm allergies, but only a few studies have addressed the specific allergens present in the B. mori silkworm. We collected sera from 10 patients with a positive skin prick test to silkworm crude extract (SCE) and analyzed these samples by Western blot and ELISA. The cDNA of arginine kinase from the B. mori silkworm was also cloned and expressed in high yield in Escherichia coli. Allergenicity and cross-allergenicity of the recombinant B. mori arginine kinase (rBmAK) were investigated by ELISA inhibition assay. Collected sera all reacted to a 42-kDa protein in a Western blot with SCE as the antigen. Preincubation of sera with rBmAK eliminated the reactivity of the patients' sera to this 42-kDa band. All patient sera also exhibited positive reactivity to SCE in an ELISA assay. BmAK also demonstrated cross-reactivity with a recombinant AK from cockroach. Arginine kinase from the B. mori silkworm is a major allergen and crossreacts with cockroach AK. Copyright 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Adrenal-kidney-gonad complex measurements may not predict gonad-specific changes in gene expression patterns during temperature-dependent sex determination in the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans).

PubMed

Ramsey, Mary; Crews, David

2007-08-01

Many turtles, including the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) have temperature-dependent sex determination in which gonadal sex is determined by temperature during the middle third of incubation. The gonad develops as part of a heterogenous tissue complex that comprises the developing adrenal, kidney, and gonad (AKG complex). Owing to the difficulty in excising the gonad from the adjacent tissues, the AKG complex is often used as tissue source in assays examining gene expression in the developing gonad. However, the gonad is a relatively small component of the AKG, and gene expression in the adrenal-kidney (AK) compartment may interfere with the detection of gonad-specific changes in gene expression, particularly during early key phases of gonadal development and sex determination. In this study, we examine transcript levels as measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for five genes important in slider turtle sex determination and differentiation (AR, ERalpha, ERbeta, aromatase, and Sf1) in AKG, AK, and isolated gonad tissues. In all cases, gonad-specific gene expression patterns were attenuated in AKG versus gonad tissue. All five genes were expressed in the AK in addition to the gonad at all stages/temperatures. Inclusion of the AK compartment masked important changes in gonadal gene expression. In addition, AK and gonad expression patterns are not additive, and gonadal gene expression cannot be predicted from intact AKG measurements. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy in the Short and Medium Term in the Treatment of Actinic Keratosis, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Acne Vulgaris and Photoaging: Results from Four Clinical Trials

PubMed Central

Martínez-Carpio, PA; Alcolea-López, JM; Vélez, M

2012-01-01

Objective: To determine the clinical efficacy of methyl-aminolevulinate (MAL)-Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) in the treatment of actinic keratosis (AK), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), acne vulgaris (AV) and photoaging (PA), in the short and medium term. Subjects and methods: Four separate prospective studies were designed on patients with AK (n=25), BCC (n=20), AV (n=20) and PA (n=25). Two PDT protocols were applied, and different clinical efficacy criteria were established, including lesion count and size. Two semi-quantitative and four analogue visual scales were completed for the evaluation of results according to the therapist, the patient and two independent experts. Results: In the AK and BCC studies, full clinical remission was observed in 84.7% and 75.7% of lesions, respectively. In the AV study, the number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions fell significantly (p<0.001, p<0.05). In the PA study a reduction in Dover scale scores (3.19 vs. 2.14, p<0.001) was proven. The percentages of satisfied or very satisfied patients were: AK=88%, BCC=90%, AV=89% and PA=80%. A year later, none of the AK or BCC lesions had reappeared, and the cases of AV and PA remained stable, with a tendency towards improvement. Conclusion: the MAL-PDT procedures used produced efficacious, safe and satisfactory results in KA, BCC, AV and PA in the short and medium term. PMID:24511190

Topical photodynamic therapy of actinic keratosis in renal transplant recipients.

PubMed

Piaserico, S; Belloni Fortina, A; Rigotti, P; Rossi, B; Baldan, N; Alaibac, M; Marchini, F

2007-01-01

Organ transplant recipients (OTRs) show an increased risk of precancerous (mostly actinic keratosis [AK]) and cancerous (mostly squamous cell carcinomas [SCC] and basal cell carcinomas [BCC]) cutaneous lesions. Their frequency increases with time after transplantation. AKs seem to progress more often and faster to invasive SCC in OTRs compared with the general population. The steady increase of risk of cutaneous premalignancies and malignancies with time after transplantation is an alarming figure because the number of organ allograft recipients who live for many years after transplantion is rapidly growing. This points out the need to devote more resources to skin cancer prevention, detection, and management. Various therapies, including cryotherapy, topical 5-fluorouracil, imiquimod, topical diclofenac, curettage, electrosurgery, carbon dioxide laser, and surgical excision, are available for AKs. However, most of these are limited by frequent relapses and the presence of multiple lesions over a wide area. Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents an innovative therapeutic approach for nonsurgical treatment of cutaneous precancerous lesions and skin cancers. In this study we confirmed the usefulness of PDT in the treatment of AKs in OTRs, even in lesions relapsing or unresponsive to conventional treatment. We showed a complete response rate of 71%, after 2 treatments sessions that were 2 weeks apart. The response rate of scalp/facial lesions (72%) was higher compared with acral lesions (40%). Topical PDT could represent a useful therapeutic alternative for AKs in OTRs because large lesions can be treated with excellent cosmetic outcome.

A New Type of Metal-Binding Site in Cobalt- And Zinc-Containing Adenylate Kinases Isolated From Sulfate-Reducers D. Gigas And D. Desulfuricans ATCC 27774

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gavel, O.Y.; Bursakov, S.A.; Rocco, G.Di

2009-05-18

Adenylate kinase (AK) mediates the reversible transfer of phosphate groups between the adenylate nucleotides and contributes to the maintenance of their constant cellular level, necessary for energy metabolism and nucleic acid synthesis. The AK were purified from crude extracts of two sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), Desulfovibrio (D.) gigas NCIB 9332 and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 27774, and biochemically and spectroscopically characterized in the native and fully cobalt- or zinc-substituted forms. These are the first reported adenylate kinases that bind either zinc or cobalt and are related to the subgroup of metal-containing AK found, in most cases, in Gram-positive bacteria. The electronic absorptionmore » spectrum is consistent with tetrahedral coordinated cobalt, predominantly via sulfur ligands, and is supported by EPR. The involvement of three cysteines in cobalt or zinc coordination was confirmed by chemical methods. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) indicate that cobalt or zinc are bound by three cysteine residues and one histidine in the metal-binding site of the 'LID' domain. The sequence {sup 129}Cys-X{sub 5}-His-X{sub 15}-Cys-X{sub 2}-Cys of the AK from D. gigas is involved in metal coordination and represents a new type of binding motif that differs from other known zinc-binding sites of AK. Cobalt and zinc play a structural role in stabilizing the LID domain.« less

Atopic dermatitis is not associated with actinic keratosis: cross-sectional results from the Rotterdam study.

PubMed

Hajdarbegovic, E; Blom, H; Verkouteren, J A C; Hofman, A; Hollestein, L M; Nijsten, T

2016-07-01

Epidermal barrier impairment and an altered immune system in atopic dermatitis (AD) may predispose to ultraviolet-induced DNA damage. To study the association between AD and actinic keratosis (AK) in a population-based cross-sectional study. AD was defined by modified criteria of the U.K. working party's diagnostic criteria. AKs were diagnosed by physicians during a full-body skin examination, and keratinocyte cancers were identified via linkage to the national pathology database. The results were analysed in adjusted multivariable and multinomial models. A lower proportion of subjects with AD had AKs than those without AD: 16% vs. 24%, P = 0·002; unadjusted odds ratio (OR) 0·60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·42-0·83; adjusted OR 0·74, 95% CI 0·51-1·05; fully adjusted OR 0·69, 95% CI 0·47-1·07. In a multinomial model patients with AD were less likely to have ≥ 10 AKs (adjusted OR 0·28, 95% CI 0·09-0·90). No effect of AD on basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma was found: adjusted OR 0·71, 95% CI 0·41-1·24 and adjusted OR 1·54, 95% CI 0·66-3·62, respectively. AD in community-dwelling patients is not associated with AK. © 2016 British Association of Dermatologists.

Craniomaxillofacial falling bullet injuries and management.

PubMed

Shuker, Sabri T; Sadda, Raid

2010-07-01

The purpose of this study was to bring attention to craniocerebral maxillofacial perforating/penetrating injuries due to AK-47 Kalashnikov falling bullets (FBs); these dangerous injuries to both civilians and soldiers are rare. A review of the literature shows no reports on AK-47 FBs leading to double craniocerebral perforation and settling into the maxillofacial region. The number of victims, the AK-47's availability, the associated morbidity and mortality rates, and the rarity of cases prompted this article. The treatment of injuries to the craniocerebral facial clinical profile due to FBs is challenging, and an understanding of the neurosurgical and maxillofacial management of these low-velocity FB injuries is required. We treated 11 cases due to AK-47 rifle FBs and 1 due to anti-aircraft Dashka 12.7-mm FBs. Craniocerebral facial injuries were treated and lodged bullets removed from different challenging locations in the base of the skull, without increasing morbidity and with avoidance of unnecessary surgical trauma to the affected area by the bullets. The required identification of such injuries can be difficult, and the removal of the lodged bullet to prevent secondary complications and reduce the chance of secondary infection can be graver than in other parts of the body. AK-47 FBs are a major public health concern internationally and require serious attention in terms of protection and management for civilians and soldiers in uniform. Copyright 2010 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Comparative Studies on Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant, Wound Healing and Cytotoxic Activities of Selected Achillea L. Species Growing in Turkey.

PubMed

Agar, Osman Tuncay; Dikmen, Miris; Ozturk, Nilgun; Yilmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Temel, Hamdi; Turkmenoglu, Fatma Pinar

2015-09-30

Turkey is one of the most important centers of diversity for the genus Achillea L. in the world. Keeping in mind the immense medicinal importance of phenols, in this study, three species growing in Turkey, A. coarctata Poir. (AC), A. kotschyi Boiss. subsp. kotschyi (AK) and A. lycaonica Boiss. & Heldr. (AL) were evaluated for their phenolic compositions, total phenolic contents (TPC), antioxidant properties, wound healing potencies on NIH-3T3 fibroblasts and cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Comprehensive LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that AK was distinctively rich in chlorogenic acid, hyperoside, apigenin, hesperidin, rutin, kaempferol and luteolin (2890.6, 987.3, 797.0, 422.5, 188.1, 159.4 and 121.2 µg analyte/g extract, respectively). The findings exhibited a strong correlation between TPC and both free radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Among studied species, the highest TPC (148.00 mg GAE/g extract) and TAC (2.080 UAE), the strongest radical scavenging (EC50 = 32.63 μg/mL), the most prominent wound healing and most abundant cytotoxic activities were observed with AK. The results suggested that AK is a valuable source of flavonoids and chlorogenic acid with important antioxidant, wound healing and cytotoxic activities. These findings warrant further studies to assess the potential of AK as a bioactive source that could be exploited in pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food industries.

Using photodynamic therapy to estimate effectiveness of innovative combined diclofenac and tazaroten therapy of disseminated actinic keratosis.

PubMed

Osiecka, Beata J; Jurczyszyn, Kamil; Nockowski, Piotr; Lipinski, Artur; Sieja, Agnieszka; Ziółkowski, Piotr

2015-01-01

Early diagnosis and therapy of precancerous lesions and malignant tumors belong to the most challenging tasks in modern medicine. Photodynamic diagnosis can help diagnose both precancerous lesions and early carcinoma. Actinic keratosis (AK) is the most common precancerous lesion of the skin. The available data show a high effectiveness of diclofenac in treating multifocal AK. We report a case of a 52-year-old woman who complained of multiple disseminated AK lesions predominantly on the lower limbs and trunk with a significant exacerbation within the last 6 months. Due to the spreading of disease and a high number of AK foci, as well as technical problems with visiting the hospital (PDT Laboratory), photodynamic therapy was not applied. The patient was treated for 2 months with a combination of local administration of 3% diclofenac and 0.1% tazaroten and 3% diclofenac only as a half side (left-right) comparison. The effects of therapy were later clinically evaluated and verified by means of photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) directly after therapy and at a follow-up examination 3 months later. The evaluation of treatment was blinded. Treatment with diclofenac only on the right side of the body resulted in clearing of 55% of all treated lesions, which increased to 60% three months after finishing therapy. On the left side of the body, where combined therapy (diclofenac 2 times daily on uneven dates and diclofenac once a day + tazaroten once a day on even dates) was used, 77.5% pathologic lesions disappeared, but this did not increase at follow up. The treatment of multifocal, disseminated AK is a difficult task and also burdensome for the patient due to side effects like scarring or burning and itching which occur during most therapies. Combined therapy with diclofenac and tazaroten supported by PDD may improve the effects of routine treatment of AK.

Gene Networks and Functional Features of Gravitropic response in Rice Shoot Bases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Liwei; Zang, Aiping; Ai, Qianru; Chen, Haiying; Li, Lin; Li, Rui; Su, Feng; Chen, Xijiang; Rong, Hui; Dou, Xianying; Reinhold-Hurek, Barbara; Li, Qi; Cai, Weiming

To delineate key genes and the corresponding physiological functions as well as the coordina-tion of genes involved in the gravitropism of rice shoot bases, we used whole-genome microarray analysis of upper and lower parts of rice shoot bases at 0.5 h and 6 h after gravistimulation. And bio-information analysis was applied including GO-analysis, expression tendency and net-work analysis. In the lower shoot bases, auxin-mediated signaling pathway and glutathione transferase activity with the biggest enrichment were activated at 0.5 h, while cytokinin stimu-lus and photosynthesis were activated at 6 h. Meanwhile, several processes were suppressed in the lower shoot bases, including: xyloglucan:xyloglucosyl transferase activity, glucan metabolic processes, and ATPase activity at 0.5 h; and tRNA isopentenyltransferase activity, and chiti-nase activity, etc. at 6 h. Gene expression profile responding to gravistimulation suggested that the asymmetrically activation of several phytohormone signaling pathways including auxin, gib-berellin and cytokinin brassinolide ethylene and cytokinin-related genes were involved in the differentially growth between the upper and lower parts of rice shoot bases, and so do cell wall-related genes. Topological analysis of the coexpression networks revealed the core statue of AY177699.1(apetala3-like protein) and AK105103.1 at 0.5 h; AK062612.1 (ethylene response factor) and AK099932.1 (lectin-like receptor kinase 72) at 6 h. All the core factors have the function "response to endogenous stimulus". Additionally, AK108057.1(similar to germin-like protein precursor) was discovered as the most important core gene in the upper shoot bases in 6h after gravistimualtion while AK067424.1(cellulose synthase-like protein), AK120101.1 (Zinc finger, B-box domain containing protein) and CR278698 (ATPase associated with various cel-lular activities cellulose synthase-like protein) contribute equally to gravitropic response in the lower shoot bases.