Relational Associative Learning Induces Cross-Modal Plasticity in Early Visual Cortex

PubMed Central

Headley, Drew B.; Weinberger, Norman M.

2015-01-01

Neurobiological theories of memory posit that the neocortex is a storage site of declarative memories, a hallmark of which is the association of two arbitrary neutral stimuli. Early sensory cortices, once assumed uninvolved in memory storage, recently have been implicated in associations between neutral stimuli and reward or punishment. We asked whether links between neutral stimuli also could be formed in early visual or auditory cortices. Rats were presented with a tone paired with a light using a sensory preconditioning paradigm that enabled later evaluation of successful association. Subjects that acquired this association developed enhanced sound evoked potentials in their primary and secondary visual cortices. Laminar recordings localized this potential to cortical Layers 5 and 6. A similar pattern of activation was elicited by microstimulation of primary auditory cortex in the same subjects, consistent with a cortico-cortical substrate of association. Thus, early sensory cortex has the capability to form neutral stimulus associations. This plasticity may constitute a declarative memory trace between sensory cortices. PMID:24275832

ArrayBridge: Interweaving declarative array processing with high-performance computing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Xing, Haoyuan; Floratos, Sofoklis; Blanas, Spyros

Scientists are increasingly turning to datacenter-scale computers to produce and analyze massive arrays. Despite decades of database research that extols the virtues of declarative query processing, scientists still write, debug and parallelize imperative HPC kernels even for the most mundane queries. This impedance mismatch has been partly attributed to the cumbersome data loading process; in response, the database community has proposed in situ mechanisms to access data in scientific file formats. Scientists, however, desire more than a passive access method that reads arrays from files. This paper describes ArrayBridge, a bi-directional array view mechanism for scientific file formats, that aimsmore » to make declarative array manipulations interoperable with imperative file-centric analyses. Our prototype implementation of ArrayBridge uses HDF5 as the underlying array storage library and seamlessly integrates into the SciDB open-source array database system. In addition to fast querying over external array objects, ArrayBridge produces arrays in the HDF5 file format just as easily as it can read from it. ArrayBridge also supports time travel queries from imperative kernels through the unmodified HDF5 API, and automatically deduplicates between array versions for space efficiency. Our extensive performance evaluation in NERSC, a large-scale scientific computing facility, shows that ArrayBridge exhibits statistically indistinguishable performance and I/O scalability to the native SciDB storage engine.« less

The Eclectic Simulator Program (ESP) Usage Guide.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-05-01

DataStorage and H-5.1 1-t- Transmission.) For example, the columns of a 3 x 3 matrix BMAT could be declared on an *INFORM card as: ’ INFORM 3 1 BMAT (1,J...but not the rows: *INFORM 1 3 BMAT (J, 1) $ because the data in a matrix row is not stored contiguously. In other words, BMAT (J, 1) is the starting...location for an array of the 3 next elements in storage, and since FORTRAN always stores a matrix such as BMAT by columns, a reference to BMAT (J, 1

The Design, Implementation and Evaluation of a Pilot Scheme Adapted to the Bologna Goals at Tertiary Level

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanchez, Purificacion

2009-01-01

The Bologna Declaration attempts to reform the structure of the higher education system in forty-six European countries in a convergent way. By 2010, the European space for higher education should be completed. In the 2005-2006 academic year, the University of Murcia, Spain, started promoting initiatives to adapt individual modules and entire…

Talker-specific learning in amnesia: Insight into mechanisms of adaptive speech perception

PubMed Central

Trude, Alison M.; Duff, Melissa C.; Brown-Schmidt, Sarah

2014-01-01

A hallmark of human speech perception is the ability to comprehend speech quickly and effortlessly despite enormous variability across talkers. However, current theories of speech perception do not make specific claims about the memory mechanisms involved in this process. To examine whether declarative memory is necessary for talker-specific learning, we tested the ability of amnesic patients with severe declarative memory deficits to learn and distinguish the accents of two unfamiliar talkers by monitoring their eye-gaze as they followed spoken instructions. Analyses of the time-course of eye fixations showed that amnesic patients rapidly learned to distinguish these accents and tailored perceptual processes to the voice of each talker. These results demonstrate that declarative memory is not necessary for this ability and points to the involvement of non-declarative memory mechanisms. These results are consistent with findings that other social and accommodative behaviors are preserved in amnesia and contribute to our understanding of the interactions of multiple memory systems in the use and understanding of spoken language. PMID:24657480

[Neurobiology of learning and memory and anti-dementia drug].

PubMed

Ishikawa, K

1995-08-01

Discoveries of long-term potentiation and immediate early gene in the central nervous system have enabled new developments in experiments on learning and memory. These experiments are conducted in many kinds of animals with different procedures, physiology, chemistry and pharmacology. However, there is still some confusion when these various procedures are discussed. Memory is defined as information storage of an animal's previous experiences. The memory induces changes in behavioral performance. This means that memory must be observed in whole animals, and one question that can occur is how does long-term potentiation, for example, correlate with memory. Furthermore, memory has been divided into two major classifications, declarative and non-declarative, from the comparison of amnesias observed in humans and animals. The declarative memory can be observed in human subjects, but not in animals. This article presents a neuronal circuit concerning memory formation and some results obtained from benzodiazepines, and it discusses some problems encountered executing when experiments on learning and memory. In addition, the discussion speculates over the possibility for an "anti-dementia drug".

Storage management in Ada. Three reports. Volume 1: Storage management in Ada as a risk to the development of reliable software. Volume 2: Relevant aspects of language. Volume 3: Requirements of the language versus manifestations of current implementations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Auty, David

1988-01-01

The risk to the development of program reliability is derived from the use of a new language and from the potential use of new storage management techniques. With Ada and associated support software, there is a lack of established guidelines and procedures, drawn from experience and common usage, which assume reliable behavior. The risk is identified and clarified. In order to provide a framework for future consideration of dynamic storage management on Ada, a description of the relevant aspects of the language is presented in two sections: Program data sources, and declaration and allocation in Ada. Storage-management characteristics of the Ada language and storage-management characteristics of Ada implementations are differentiated. Terms that are used are defined in a narrow and precise sense. The storage-management implications of the Ada language are described. The storage-management options available to the Ada implementor and the implications of the implementor's choice for the Ada programmer are also described.

Occurrence of morphological and anatomical adaptive traits in young and adult plants of the rare Mediterranean cliff species Primula palinuri Petagna.

PubMed

De Micco, Veronica; Aronne, Giovanna

2012-01-01

Cliffs worldwide are known to be reservoirs of relict biodiversity. Despite the presence of harsh abiotic conditions, large endemic floras live in such environments. Primula palinuri Petagna is a rare endemic plant species, surviving on cliff sites along a few kilometres of the Tyrrhenian coast in southern Italy. This species is declared at risk of extinction due to human impact on the coastal areas in question. Population surveys have shown that most of the plants are old individuals, while seedlings and plants at early stages of development are rare. We followed the growth of P. palinuri plants from seed germination to the adult phase and analysed the morphoanatomical traits of plants at all stages of development. Our results showed that the pressure of cliff environmental factors has been selected for seasonal habitus and structural adaptive traits in this species. The main morphoanatomical modifications are suberized cell layers and accumulation of phenolic compounds in cell structures. These features are strictly related to regulation of water uptake and storage as well as defence from predation. However, we found them well established only in adult plants and not in juvenile individuals. These findings contribute to explain the rare recruitment of the present relict populations, identifying some of the biological traits which result in species vulnerability.

76 FR 31954 - San Jose Water Company; Notice of Declaration of Intention and Soliciting Comments, Protests, and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-02

...: Thomas J. Victorine, Director of Operations, San Jose Water Company, 110 W. Santa Clara Street, San Jose... system. The water supplied to the water treatment plant comes from three existing storage reservoirs. A... generating capacity, or have otherwise significantly modified the project's pre-1935 design or operation. l...

The nucleus accumbens and learning and memory.

PubMed

Setlow, B

1997-09-01

Recent research on the nucleus accumbens (NA) indicates that this brain region is involved in learning and memory processes in a way that is separable from its other well-known roles in behavior, such as motivation, reward, and locomotor activity. These findings have suggested that 1) the NA may be involved in declarative, or hippocampal formation-dependent learning and memory, and not in several other non-declarative forms of learning and memory, and 2) the NA may be selectively involved in certain stages of learning and memory. These characteristics suggest that the NA may be part of a larger striatal system which subserves acquisition and consolidation, but is not a site of long-term storage, of different forms of learning and memory.

Memory reactivation and consolidation during sleep

PubMed Central

Paller, Ken A.; Voss, Joel L.

2004-01-01

Do our memories remain static during sleep, or do they change? We argue here that memory change is not only a natural result of sleep cognition, but further, that such change constitutes a fundamental characteristic of declarative memories. In general, declarative memories change due to retrieval events at various times after initial learning and due to the formation and elaboration of associations with other memories, including memories formed after the initial learning episode. We propose that declarative memories change both during waking and during sleep, and that such change contributes to enhancing binding of the distinct representational components of some memories, and thus to a gradual process of cross-cortical consolidation. As a result of this special form of consolidation, declarative memories can become more cohesive and also more thoroughly integrated with other stored information. Further benefits of this memory reprocessing can include developing complex networks of interrelated memories, aligning memories with long-term strategies and goals, and generating insights based on novel combinations of memory fragments. A variety of research findings are consistent with the hypothesis that cross-cortical consolidation can progress during sleep, although further support is needed, and we suggest some potentially fruitful research directions. Determining how processing during sleep can facilitate memory storage will be an exciting focus of research in the coming years. PMID:15576883

Talker-specific learning in amnesia: Insight into mechanisms of adaptive speech perception.

PubMed

Trude, Alison M; Duff, Melissa C; Brown-Schmidt, Sarah

2014-05-01

A hallmark of human speech perception is the ability to comprehend speech quickly and effortlessly despite enormous variability across talkers. However, current theories of speech perception do not make specific claims about the memory mechanisms involved in this process. To examine whether declarative memory is necessary for talker-specific learning, we tested the ability of amnesic patients with severe declarative memory deficits to learn and distinguish the accents of two unfamiliar talkers by monitoring their eye-gaze as they followed spoken instructions. Analyses of the time-course of eye fixations showed that amnesic patients rapidly learned to distinguish these accents and tailored perceptual processes to the voice of each talker. These results demonstrate that declarative memory is not necessary for this ability and points to the involvement of non-declarative memory mechanisms. These results are consistent with findings that other social and accommodative behaviors are preserved in amnesia and contribute to our understanding of the interactions of multiple memory systems in the use and understanding of spoken language. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Engineering Tests for Energy Storage Cars at the Transportation Test Center : Volume 4. Ride Roughness Tests.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1977-05-01

The primary purpose of the tests documented herein was to demonstrate the principles and feasibility of an energy storage type propulsion system, and its adaptability to an energy storage type propulsion system, and its adaptability to an existing ca...

Declarative memory.

PubMed

Riedel, Wim J; Blokland, Arjan

2015-01-01

Declarative Memory consists of memory for events (episodic memory) and facts (semantic memory). Methods to test declarative memory are key in investigating effects of potential cognition-enhancing substances--medicinal drugs or nutrients. A number of cognitive performance tests assessing declarative episodic memory tapping verbal learning, logical memory, pattern recognition memory, and paired associates learning are described. These tests have been used as outcome variables in 34 studies in humans that have been described in the literature in the past 10 years. Also, the use of episodic tests in animal research is discussed also in relation to the drug effects in these tasks. The results show that nutritional supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids has been investigated most abundantly and, in a number of cases, but not all, show indications of positive effects on declarative memory, more so in elderly than in young subjects. Studies investigating effects of registered anti-Alzheimer drugs, cholinesterase inhibitors in mild cognitive impairment, show positive and negative effects on declarative memory. Studies mainly carried out in healthy volunteers investigating the effects of acute dopamine stimulation indicate enhanced memory consolidation as manifested specifically by better delayed recall, especially at time points long after learning and more so when drug is administered after learning and if word lists are longer. The animal studies reveal a different picture with respect to the effects of different drugs on memory performance. This suggests that at least for episodic memory tasks, the translational value is rather poor. For the human studies, detailed parameters of the compositions of word lists for declarative memory tests are discussed and it is concluded that tailored adaptations of tests to fit the hypothesis under study, rather than "off-the-shelf" use of existing tests, are recommended.

Stability of flavoured phytosterol-enriched drinking yogurts during storage as affected by different packaging materials.

PubMed

Semeniuc, Cristina Anamaria; Cardenia, Vladimiro; Mandrioli, Mara; Muste, Sevastiţa; Borsari, Andrea; Rodriguez-Estrada, Maria Teresa

2016-06-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different packaging materials on storage stability of flavoured phytosterol-enriched drinking yogurts. White vanilla (WV) and blood orange (BO) phytosterol-enriched drinking yogurts conditioned in mono-layer and triple-layer co-extruded plastic bottles were stored at +6 ± 1 °C for 35 days (under alternating 12 h light and 12 h darkness) to simulate shelf-life conditions. Samples were collected at three different storage times and subjected to determination of total sterol content (TSC), peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs). TSC was not significantly affected by packaging material or storage time and met the quantity declared on the label. PV was significantly influenced by yogurt type × packaging material × storage time interaction and TBARs by packaging material × storage time interaction. Between the two packaging materials, the triple-layer plastic mini bottle with black coloured and completely opaque intermediate layer offered the best protection against lipid oxidation. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.

A Declarative Design Approach to Modeling Traditional and Non-Traditional Space Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoag, Lucy M.

The space system design process is known to be laborious, complex, and computationally demanding. It is highly multi-disciplinary, involving several interdependent subsystems that must be both highly optimized and reliable due to the high cost of launch. Satellites must also be capable of operating in harsh and unpredictable environments, so integrating high-fidelity analysis is important. To address each of these concerns, a holistic design approach is necessary. However, while the sophistication of space systems has evolved significantly in the last 60 years, improvements in the design process have been comparatively stagnant. Space systems continue to be designed using a procedural, subsystem-by-subsystem approach. This method is inadequate since it generally requires extensive iteration and limited or heuristic-based search, which can be slow, labor-intensive, and inaccurate. The use of a declarative design approach can potentially address these inadequacies. In the declarative programming style, the focus of a problem is placed on what the objective is, and not necessarily how it should be achieved. In the context of design, this entails knowledge expressed as a declaration of statements that are true about the desired artifact instead of explicit instructions on how to implement it. A well-known technique is through constraint-based reasoning, where a design problem is represented as a network of rules and constraints that are reasoned across by a solver to dynamically discover the optimal candidate(s). This enables implicit instantiation of the tradespace and allows for automatic generation of all feasible design candidates. As such, this approach also appears to be well-suited to modeling adaptable space systems, which generally have large tradespaces and possess configurations that are not well-known a priori. This research applied a declarative design approach to holistic satellite design and to tradespace exploration for adaptable space systems. The approach was tested during the design of USC's Aeneas nanosatellite project, and a case study was performed to assess the advantages of the new approach over past procedural approaches. It was found that use of the declarative approach improved design accuracy through exhaustive tradespace search and provable optimality; decreased design time through improved model generation, faster run time, and reduction in time and number of iteration cycles; and enabled modular and extensible code. Observed weaknesses included non-intuitive model abstraction; increased debugging time; and difficulty of data extrapolation and analysis.

Operational adaptability evaluation index system of pumped storage in UHV receiving-end grids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yuan, Bo; Zong, Jin; Feng, Junshu

2017-01-01

Pumped storage is an effective solution to deal with the emergency reserve shortage, renewable energy accommodating and peak-shaving problems in ultra-high voltage (UHV) transmission receiving-end grids. However, governments and public opinion in China tend to evaluate the operational effectiveness of pumped storage using annual utilization hour, which may result in unreasonable and unnecessary dispatch of pumped storage. This paper built an operational adaptability evaluation index system for pumped storage in UHV-receiving end grids from three aspects: security insurance, peak-shaving and renewable energy accommodating, which can provide a comprehensive and objective way to evaluate the operational performance of a pumped storage station.

Smart Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices with Self-Protection and Self-Adaptation Abilities.

PubMed

Yang, Yun; Yu, Dandan; Wang, Hua; Guo, Lin

2017-12-01

Currently, with booming development and worldwide usage of rechargeable electrochemical energy storage devices, their safety issues, operation stability, service life, and user experience are garnering special attention. Smart and intelligent energy storage devices with self-protection and self-adaptation abilities aiming to address these challenges are being developed with great urgency. In this Progress Report, we highlight recent achievements in the field of smart energy storage systems that could early-detect incoming internal short circuits and self-protect against thermal runaway. Moreover, intelligent devices that are able to take actions and self-adapt in response to external mechanical disruption or deformation, i.e., exhibiting self-healing or shape-memory behaviors, are discussed. Finally, insights into the future development of smart rechargeable energy storage devices are provided. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Translating MAPGEN to ASPEN for MER

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rabideau, Gregg R.; Knight, Russell L.; Lenda, Matthew; Maldague, Pierre F.

2013-01-01

This software translates MAPGEN (Europa and APGEN) domains to ASPEN, and the resulting domain can be used to perform planning for the Mars Exploration Rover (MER). In other words, this is a conversion of two distinct planning languages (both declarative and procedural) to a third (declarative) planning language in order to solve the problem of faithful translation from mixed-domain representations into the ASPEN Modeling Language. The MAPGEN planning system is an example of a hybrid procedural/declarative system where the advantages of each are leveraged to produce an effective planner/scheduler for MER tactical planning. The adaptation of the planning system (ASPEN) was investigated, and, with some translation, much of the procedural knowledge encoding is amenable to declarative knowledge encoding. The approach was to compose translators from the core languages used for adapting MAGPEN, which consists of Europa and APGEN. Europa is a constraint- based planner/scheduler where domains are encoded using a declarative model. APGEN is also constraint-based, in that it tracks constraints on resources and states and other variables. Domains are encoded in both constraints and code snippets that execute according to a forward sweep through the plan. Europa and APGEN communicate to each other using proxy activities in APGEN that represent constraints and/or tokens in Europa. The composition of a translator from Europa to ASPEN was fairly straightforward, as ASPEN is also a declarative planning system, and the specific uses of Europa for the MER domain matched ASPEN s native encoding fairly closely. On the other hand, translating from APGEN to ASPEN was considerably more involved. On the surface, the types of activities and resources one encodes in APGEN appear to match oneto- one to the activities, state variables, and resources in ASPEN. But, when looking into the definitions of how resources are profiled and activities are expanded, one sees code snippets that access various information available during planning for the moment in time being planned to decide at the time what the appropriate profile or expansion is. APGEN is actually a forward (in time) sweeping discrete event simulator, where the model is composed of code snippets that are artfully interleaved by the engine to produce a plan/schedule. To solve this problem, representative code is simulated as a declarative series of task expansions. Predominantly, three types of procedural models were translated: loops, if statements, and code blocks. Loops and if statements were handled using controlled task expansion, and code blocks were handled using constraint networks that maintained the generation of results based on what the order of execution would be for a procedural representation. One advantage with respect to performance for MAPGEN is the use of APGEN s GUI. This GUI is written in C++ and Motif, and performs very well for large plans.

Collections of human biological samples for scientific purposes. Why do current regulation need to be clarified and how?

PubMed

Deplanque, Dominique; Birraux, Guillaume; Bertoye, Pierre-Henri; Postaire, Eric

2009-01-01

The collection of human biological samples is of major importance for future research in France and Europe. In recent years, new regulatory procedures have been designed to monitor these activities; but they are somewhat complex and some clarifications are needed. The law needs also to be amended. The definition of biobanking activities should be clarified, and regulatory procedures, including consultation of the Ethics Committee, declarations to the Ministry of Research and the protection of personal data, should be simplified. It is also of great importance to correctly define the modalities in which Biobanks are granted their authorisations. The role of Ethics Committees regarding the evaluation of information and the consent procedures should also be clarified, particularly when samples from children are used, or when the samples are used for genetic analyses. As well as scientific and public health aspects, the storage of human biological samples may also have important economic consequences. It is hence crucial to adapt the procedure for submitting patents, particularly when several public or private partners are working together. The possible changes to both French and European laws planned in the next months would be an ideal time to introduce these changes.

Interaction between basal ganglia and limbic circuits in learning and memory processes.

PubMed

Calabresi, Paolo; Picconi, Barbara; Tozzi, Alessandro; Ghiglieri, Veronica

2016-01-01

Hippocampus and striatum play distinctive roles in memory processes since declarative and non-declarative memory systems may act independently. However, hippocampus and striatum can also be engaged to function in parallel as part of a dynamic system to integrate previous experience and adjust behavioral responses. In these structures the formation, storage, and retrieval of memory require a synaptic mechanism that is able to integrate multiple signals and to translate them into persistent molecular traces at both the corticostriatal and hippocampal/limbic synapses. The best cellular candidate for this complex synthesis is represented by long-term potentiation (LTP). A common feature of LTP expressed in these two memory systems is the critical requirement of convergence and coincidence of glutamatergic and dopaminergic inputs to the dendritic spines of the neurons expressing this form of synaptic plasticity. In experimental models of Parkinson's disease abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein affects these two memory systems by altering two major synaptic mechanisms underlying cognitive functions in cholinergic striatal neurons, likely implicated in basal ganglia dependent operative memory, and in the CA1 hippocampal region, playing a central function in episodic/declarative memory processes. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Sleep benefits consolidation of visuo-motor adaptation learning in older adults.

PubMed

Mantua, Janna; Baran, Bengi; Spencer, Rebecca M C

2016-02-01

Sleep is beneficial for performance across a range of memory tasks in young adults, but whether memories are similarly consolidated in older adults is less clear. Performance benefits have been observed following sleep in older adults for declarative learning tasks, but this benefit may be reduced for non-declarative, motor skill learning tasks. To date, studies of sleep-dependent consolidation of motor learning in older adults are limited to motor sequence tasks. To examine whether reduced sleep-dependent consolidation in older adults is generalizable to other forms of motor skill learning, we examined performance changes over intervals of sleep and wake in young (n = 62) and older adults (n = 61) using a mirror-tracing task, which assesses visuo-motor adaptation learning. Participants learned the task either in the morning or in evening, and performance was assessed following a 12-h interval containing overnight sleep or daytime wake. Contrary to our prediction, both young adults and older adults exhibited sleep-dependent gains in visuo-motor adaptation. There was a correlation between performance improvement over sleep and percent of the night in non-REM stage 2 sleep. These results indicate that motor skill consolidation remains intact with increasing age although this relationship may be limited to specific forms of motor skill learning.

No persisting effect of partial sleep curtailment on cognitive performance and declarative memory recall in adolescents.

PubMed

Kopasz, Marta; Loessl, Barbara; Valerius, Gabriele; Koenig, Eva; Matthaeas, Nora; Hornyak, Magdolna; Kloepfer, Corinna; Nissen, Christoph; Riemann, Dieter; Voderholzer, Ulrich

2010-03-01

Growing evidence indicates that sleep facilitates learning and memory processing. Sleep curtailment is increasingly common in adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of short-term sleep curtailment on declarative memory consolidation in adolescents. A randomized, cross-over study design was chosen. Twenty-two healthy subjects, aged 14-16 years, spent three consecutive nights in the sleep laboratory with a bedtime of 9 h during the first night (adaptation), 4 h during the second (partial sleep curtailment) and 9 h during the third night (recovery). The control condition consisted of three consecutive nights with bedtimes of 9 h. Both experimental conditions were separated by at least 3 weeks. The acquisition phase for the declarative tests was between 16:00 and 18:00 hours before the second night. Memory performance was examined in the morning after the recovery night. Executive function, attention and concentration were also assessed to control for any possible effects of tiredness. During the 4-h night, we observed a curtailment of 50% of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM), 5% of slow wave sleep (SWS) and 70% of REM sleep compared with the control night. Partial sleep curtailment of one night did not influence declarative memory retrieval significantly. Recall in the paired-associate word list task was correlated positively with percentage of non-REM sleep in the recovery night. Declarative memory consolidation does not appear to be influenced by short-term sleep curtailment in adolescents. This may be explained by the high ability of adolescents to compensate for acute sleep loss. The correlation between non-REM sleep and declarative memory performance supports earlier findings.

Humanized Foxp2 accelerates learning by enhancing transitions from declarative to procedural performance.

PubMed

Schreiweis, Christiane; Bornschein, Ulrich; Burguière, Eric; Kerimoglu, Cemil; Schreiter, Sven; Dannemann, Michael; Goyal, Shubhi; Rea, Ellis; French, Catherine A; Puliyadi, Rathi; Groszer, Matthias; Fisher, Simon E; Mundry, Roger; Winter, Christine; Hevers, Wulf; Pääbo, Svante; Enard, Wolfgang; Graybiel, Ann M

2014-09-30

The acquisition of language and speech is uniquely human, but how genetic changes might have adapted the nervous system to this capacity is not well understood. Two human-specific amino acid substitutions in the transcription factor forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) are outstanding mechanistic candidates, as they could have been positively selected during human evolution and as FOXP2 is the sole gene to date firmly linked to speech and language development. When these two substitutions are introduced into the endogenous Foxp2 gene of mice (Foxp2(hum)), cortico-basal ganglia circuits are specifically affected. Here we demonstrate marked effects of this humanization of Foxp2 on learning and striatal neuroplasticity. Foxp2(hum/hum) mice learn stimulus-response associations faster than their WT littermates in situations in which declarative (i.e., place-based) and procedural (i.e., response-based) forms of learning could compete during transitions toward proceduralization of action sequences. Striatal districts known to be differently related to these two modes of learning are affected differently in the Foxp2(hum/hum) mice, as judged by measures of dopamine levels, gene expression patterns, and synaptic plasticity, including an NMDA receptor-dependent form of long-term depression. These findings raise the possibility that the humanized Foxp2 phenotype reflects a different tuning of corticostriatal systems involved in declarative and procedural learning, a capacity potentially contributing to adapting the human brain for speech and language acquisition.

Screening Test Items for Differential Item Functioning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Longford, Nicholas T.

2014-01-01

A method for medical screening is adapted to differential item functioning (DIF). Its essential elements are explicit declarations of the level of DIF that is acceptable and of the loss function that quantifies the consequences of the two kinds of inappropriate classification of an item. Instead of a single level and a single function, sets of…

Old Wine in New Bottles? A Comparison of Public and Private Accreditation Schemes in Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stensakera, Bjorn; Harvey, Lee

2006-01-01

Following national adaptations to the Bologna-declaration, accreditation is increasingly becoming the most dominant form of quality assurance of higher education in Europe. Over the last decade, national authorities have set up both institutional and programme accreditation procedures, currently accompanied by a growing number of private…

Facilitation of Learning by Social-Emotional Feedback in Humans Is Beta-Noradrenergic-Dependent

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mihov, Yoan; Mayer, Simon; Musshoff, Frank; Maier, Wolfgang; Kendrick, Keith M.; Hurlemann, Rene

2010-01-01

Adaptive behavior in dynamic environments critically depends on the ability to learn rapidly and flexibly from the outcomes of prior choices. In social environments, facial expressions of emotion often serve as performance feedback and thereby guide declarative learning. Abundant evidence implicates beta-noradrenergic signaling in the modulatory…

Transdisciplinary Pedagogical Templates and Their Potential for Adaptive Reuse

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dobozy, Eva; Dalziel, James

2016-01-01

This article explores the use and usefulness of carefully designed transdisciplinary pedagogical templates (TPTs) aligned to different learning theories. The TPTs are based on the Learning Design Framework outlined in the Larnaca Declaration (Dalziel et al. in this collection). The generation of pedagogical plans or templates is not new. However,…

Enabling Incremental Query Re-Optimization.

PubMed

Liu, Mengmeng; Ives, Zachary G; Loo, Boon Thau

2016-01-01

As declarative query processing techniques expand to the Web, data streams, network routers, and cloud platforms, there is an increasing need to re-plan execution in the presence of unanticipated performance changes. New runtime information may affect which query plan we prefer to run. Adaptive techniques require innovation both in terms of the algorithms used to estimate costs , and in terms of the search algorithm that finds the best plan. We investigate how to build a cost-based optimizer that recomputes the optimal plan incrementally given new cost information, much as a stream engine constantly updates its outputs given new data. Our implementation especially shows benefits for stream processing workloads. It lays the foundations upon which a variety of novel adaptive optimization algorithms can be built. We start by leveraging the recently proposed approach of formulating query plan enumeration as a set of recursive datalog queries ; we develop a variety of novel optimization approaches to ensure effective pruning in both static and incremental cases. We further show that the lessons learned in the declarative implementation can be equally applied to more traditional optimizer implementations.

Enabling Incremental Query Re-Optimization

PubMed Central

Liu, Mengmeng; Ives, Zachary G.; Loo, Boon Thau

2017-01-01

As declarative query processing techniques expand to the Web, data streams, network routers, and cloud platforms, there is an increasing need to re-plan execution in the presence of unanticipated performance changes. New runtime information may affect which query plan we prefer to run. Adaptive techniques require innovation both in terms of the algorithms used to estimate costs, and in terms of the search algorithm that finds the best plan. We investigate how to build a cost-based optimizer that recomputes the optimal plan incrementally given new cost information, much as a stream engine constantly updates its outputs given new data. Our implementation especially shows benefits for stream processing workloads. It lays the foundations upon which a variety of novel adaptive optimization algorithms can be built. We start by leveraging the recently proposed approach of formulating query plan enumeration as a set of recursive datalog queries; we develop a variety of novel optimization approaches to ensure effective pruning in both static and incremental cases. We further show that the lessons learned in the declarative implementation can be equally applied to more traditional optimizer implementations. PMID:28659658

AdiosStMan: Parallelizing Casacore Table Data System using Adaptive IO System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, R.; Harris, C.; Wicenec, A.

2016-07-01

In this paper, we investigate the Casacore Table Data System (CTDS) used in the casacore and CASA libraries, and methods to parallelize it. CTDS provides a storage manager plugin mechanism for third-party developers to design and implement their own CTDS storage managers. Having this in mind, we looked into various storage backend techniques that can possibly enable parallel I/O for CTDS by implementing new storage managers. After carrying on benchmarks showing the excellent parallel I/O throughput of the Adaptive IO System (ADIOS), we implemented an ADIOS based parallel CTDS storage manager. We then applied the CASA MSTransform frequency split task to verify the ADIOS Storage Manager. We also ran a series of performance tests to examine the I/O throughput in a massively parallel scenario.

Studies in Business Administration in the European Higher Education Area: A Comparative Analysis in Europe

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cavero Rubio, José Antonio; Mullor, Javier Reig; Martín, Agustín Pérez

2015-01-01

On signing the Bologna declaration in 1999, European countries committed themselves to addressing the reforms necessary for adapting their university education to the European Higher Education Area. This modification process culminated in 2010, and this research aims to analyse the degree of divergence that currently exists in each course subject…

Adaptation of a Computer Programming Course to the ESHE Requirements: Evaluation Five Years Later

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Valveny, Ernest; Benavente, Robert; Lapedriza, Agata; Ferrer, Miquel; Garcia-Barnes, Jaume; Sanchez, Gemma

2012-01-01

In the academic year 2010-2011, Spain finished the process of introducing the regulatory changes derived from the Bologna Declaration and the new European Space for Higher Education (ESHE). These changes have implied the updating of university degrees' structure as well as the inclusion of the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS). This paper…

Need and availability of assistive devices to compensate for impaired hand function of individuals with tetraplegia.

PubMed

Wäckerlin, Stephanie; Gemperli, Armin; Sigrist-Nix, Diana; Arnet, Ursina

2018-06-04

Context/Objective To evaluate the availability and self-declared unmet need of assistive devices to compensate for impaired hand function of individuals with tetraplegia in Switzerland. Design Cross-sectional survey. Setting Community. Participants Individuals with tetraplegia, aged 16 years or older, living in Switzerland. Interventions not applicable. Outcome Measures The self-report availability and unmet need of 18 assistive devices for impaired hand function was analyzed descriptively. The availability of devices was further evaluated stratified by sex, age, SCI severity, independence in grooming, time since injury, living situation, working status, and income. Associations between availability of devices and person characteristics were investigated using logistic regression analysis. Results Overall 32.7% of participants had any assistive device for impaired hand function at their disposal. The most frequent devices were adapted cutlery (14.8%), type supports (14.1%), environmental control systems (11.4%), and writing orthosis (10.6%). In the bivariate analysis several factors showed significant associations with at least one assistive device. Nevertheless, when controlling for potential confounding in multivariate analysis only independence in grooming (adapted cutlery, environmental control systems, type support, speech recognition software), SCI severity (writing orthosis, type support), and sex (adapted kitchenware) remained significantly associated with the availability of the mentioned assistive devices. The self-declared unmet need was generally low (0.7% - 4.3%), except for adapted kitchenware with a moderate unmet need (8.9%). Conclusion This study indicates that most individuals with tetraplegia in Switzerland are adequately supplied with assistive devices to compensate for impaired hand function. The availability depends mainly on SCI severity and independence in grooming.

Antifoam degradation testing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lambert, D. P.; Zamecnik, J. R.; Newell, D. D.

2015-08-20

This report describes the results of testing to quantify the degradation products resulting from the dilution and storage of Antifoam 747. Antifoam degradation is of concern to the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) due to flammable decomposition products in the vapor phase of the Chemical Process Cell vessels, as well as the collection of flammable and organic species in the offgas condensate. The discovery that hexamethyldisiloxane is formed from the antifoam decomposition was the basis for a Potential Inadequacy in the Safety Analysis declaration by the DWPF.

Aquifer Storage and Recovery as a Viable Climate Change Adaptation Technique: Sustainable Development under the Current Regulatory Framework

EPA Science Inventory

A holistic investigation of aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) technique and application in the U.S. is being conducted as a part of the USEPA Water Resources Adaptation Program (WRAP). The research focus is to evaluate the potential of ASR application as a practical climate chan...

Growth, resource storage, and adaptation to drought in California and eastern Mediterranean oak seedlings

Treesearch

Jose M. Grunzweig; Yohay Carmel; Joseph Riov; Nava Sever; Douglas D. McCreary; Curtis H. Flather

2008-01-01

Low recruitment of new plants as currently observed in several California oak species might partly result from insufficient storage of vital resources (reduced ability to regrow after disturbance) or from low adaptation to environmental stress, such as drought. We conducted two studies under divergent environmental conditions to compare seedlings of California oaks...

Risk ranking of LANL nuclear material storage containers for repackaging prioritization.

PubMed

Smith, Paul H; Jordan, Hans; Hoffman, Jenifer A; Eller, P Gary; Balkey, Simon

2007-05-01

Safe handling and storage of nuclear material at U.S. Department of Energy facilities relies on the use of robust containers to prevent container breaches and subsequent worker contamination and uptake. The U.S. Department of Energy has no uniform requirements for packaging and storage of nuclear materials other than those declared excess and packaged to DOE-STD-3013-2000. This report describes a methodology for prioritizing a large inventory of nuclear material containers so that the highest risk containers are repackaged first. The methodology utilizes expert judgment to assign respirable fractions and reactivity factors to accountable levels of nuclear material at Los Alamos National Laboratory. A relative risk factor is assigned to each nuclear material container based on a calculated dose to a worker due to a failed container barrier and a calculated probability of container failure based on material reactivity and container age. This risk-based methodology is being applied at LANL to repackage the highest risk materials first and, thus, accelerate the reduction of risk to nuclear material handlers.

Intelligent flight control systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stengel, Robert F.

1993-01-01

The capabilities of flight control systems can be enhanced by designing them to emulate functions of natural intelligence. Intelligent control functions fall in three categories. Declarative actions involve decision-making, providing models for system monitoring, goal planning, and system/scenario identification. Procedural actions concern skilled behavior and have parallels in guidance, navigation, and adaptation. Reflexive actions are spontaneous, inner-loop responses for control and estimation. Intelligent flight control systems learn knowledge of the aircraft and its mission and adapt to changes in the flight environment. Cognitive models form an efficient basis for integrating 'outer-loop/inner-loop' control functions and for developing robust parallel-processing algorithms.

Has the Bologna Process Been Worthwhile? An Analysis of the Learning Society-Adapted Outcome Index through Quantile Regression

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fernandez-Sainz, A.; García-Merino, J. D.; Urionabarrenetxea, S.

2016-01-01

This paper seeks to discover whether the performance of university students has improved in the wake of the changes in higher education introduced by the Bologna Declaration of 1999 and the construction of the European Higher Education Area. A principal component analysis is used to construct a multi-dimensional performance variable called the…

With Bologna in Mind and the Sword in the Hand: The German Bachelor/Master Reform Reconsidered

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mause, Karsten

2013-01-01

Since the late 1990s, many European countries have adapted their traditional one-cycle curriculum structure in higher education to the two-cycle structure employed in the Anglo-American world. In the large social science literature dealing with this reform phenomenon, the Bologna Process -- starting with the 1999 Declaration of Bologna -- is…

Hippocampal amnesia disrupts creative thinking.

PubMed

Duff, Melissa C; Kurczek, Jake; Rubin, Rachael; Cohen, Neal J; Tranel, Daniel

2013-12-01

Creativity requires the rapid combination and recombination of existing mental representations to create novel ideas and ways of thinking. The hippocampal system, through its interaction with neocortical storage sites, provides a relational database necessary for the creation, updating, maintenance, and juxtaposition of mental representations used in service of declarative memory. Given this functionality, we hypothesized that hippocampus would play a critical role in creative thinking. We examined creative thinking, as measured by verbal and figural forms of the torrance tests of creative thinking (TTCT), in a group of participants with hippocampal damage and severe declarative memory impairment as well as in a group of demographically matched healthy comparison participants. The patients with bilateral hippocampal damage performed significantly worse than comparison participants on both the verbal and figural portions of the TTCT. These findings suggest that hippocampus plays a role critical in creative thinking, adding to a growing body of work pointing to the diverse ways the hallmark processing features of hippocampus serve a variety of behaviors that require flexible cognition. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Memory in autistic spectrum disorder.

PubMed

Boucher, Jill; Mayes, Andrew; Bigham, Sally

2012-05-01

Behavioral evidence concerning memory in forms of high-functioning autism (HFA) and in moderately low-functioning autism (M-LFA) is reviewed and compared. Findings on M-LFA are sparse. However, it is provisionally concluded that memory profiles in HFA and M-LFA (relative to ability-matched controls) are similar but that declarative memory impairments are more extensive in M-LFA than in HFA. Specifically, both groups have diminished memory for emotion- or person-related stimuli. Regarding memory for nonsocial stimuli, both groups probably have mental-age-appropriate nondeclarative memory, and within declarative memory, both groups have mental-age-appropriate immediate free recall of within-span or supraspan lists of unrelated items, as well as cued recall and paired associate learning. By contrast, recognition is largely unimpaired in HFA but moderately impaired in M-LFA, and free recall of meaningful or structured stimuli is moderately impaired in HFA but more severely impaired in M-LFA. Theoretical explanations of data on declarative memory in HFA identify problems in the integrative processing, or the consolidation and storage, of complex stimuli or a specific problem of recollection. Proposed neural substrates include the following: disconnectivity of primary sensory and association areas; dysfunctions of medial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, or posterior parietal lobe; or combinations of these associated with neural disconnectivity. Hypothetically, perirhinal dysfunction might explain the more extensive declarative memory impairments in M-LFA. Foreseeable consequences of uneven memory abilities in HFA and M-LFA are outlined, including possible effects on language and learning in M-LFA. Finally, priorities for future research are identified, highlighting the urgent need for research on memory in lower functioning individuals. 2012 APA, all rights reserved

Spatial storage effect promotes biodiversity during adaptive radiation.

PubMed

Tan, Jiaqi; Rattray, Jennifer B; Yang, Xian; Jiang, Lin

2017-07-12

Many ecological communities are enormously diverse. Variation in environmental conditions over time and space provides opportunities for temporal and spatial storage effects to operate, potentially promoting species coexistence and biodiversity. While several studies have provided empirical evidence supporting the significance of the temporal storage effect for coexistence, empirical tests of the role of the spatial storage effect are rare. In particular, we know little about how the spatial storage effect contributes to biodiversity over evolutionary timescales. Here, we report the first experimental study on the role of the spatial storage effect in the maintenance of biodiversity in evolving metacommunities, using the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 as a laboratory model of adaptive radiation. We found that intercommunity spatial heterogeneity promoted phenotypic diversity of P. fluorescens in the presence of dispersal among local communities, by allowing the spatial storage effect to operate. Mechanistically, greater niche differences among P. fluorescens phenotypes arose in metacommunities with intercommunity spatial heterogeneity, facilitating negative frequency-dependent selection, and thus, the coexistence among P. fluorescens phenotypes. These results highlight the importance of the spatial storage effect for biodiversity over evolutionary timescales. © 2017 The Author(s).

The neural basis of implicit learning and memory: a review of neuropsychological and neuroimaging research.

PubMed

Reber, Paul J

2013-08-01

Memory systems research has typically described the different types of long-term memory in the brain as either declarative versus non-declarative or implicit versus explicit. These descriptions reflect the difference between declarative, conscious, and explicit memory that is dependent on the medial temporal lobe (MTL) memory system, and all other expressions of learning and memory. The other type of memory is generally defined by an absence: either the lack of dependence on the MTL memory system (nondeclarative) or the lack of conscious awareness of the information acquired (implicit). However, definition by absence is inherently underspecified and leaves open questions of how this type of memory operates, its neural basis, and how it differs from explicit, declarative memory. Drawing on a variety of studies of implicit learning that have attempted to identify the neural correlates of implicit learning using functional neuroimaging and neuropsychology, a theory of implicit memory is presented that describes it as a form of general plasticity within processing networks that adaptively improve function via experience. Under this model, implicit memory will not appear as a single, coherent, alternative memory system but will instead be manifested as a principle of improvement from experience based on widespread mechanisms of cortical plasticity. The implications of this characterization for understanding the role of implicit learning in complex cognitive processes and the effects of interactions between types of memory will be discussed for examples within and outside the psychology laboratory. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

[Medical education in a bachelors and masters system].

PubMed

Harendza, S; Guse, A H

2009-09-01

Gain of basic and applied medical knowledge and the changing demands of society with regard to medical professions are the main factors for continuous reforms in medical curricula. The Bologna Declaration of 1999 initiated the development of a unified European higher education area. A key tool for unification is the introduction of the Bachelors/Masters system. Although some European countries have adapted their medical curricula to the Bachelors/Masters system there is still debate on this issue in Germany. Some societies, e.g., the Society for Medical Education, demonstrated how the Bachelors/Masters system might be transferred to Germany. Moreover, the German Association of Medical Students already published a core curriculum compatible with the Bologna criteria. Some central elements of the Bologna Declaration have already been or could easily be integrated into the current structure of medical studies, e.g., quality assurance or a credit point transfer system. Furthermore, in the framework of the German medical licensure law, it is possible to introduce a curriculum fully compatible with the Bologna Declaration. A meaningful prerequisite would be a unified national (or European) qualification frame and catalog of learning objectives, designed according to the Bologna criteria. This should guarantee good mobility for medical students within Europe.

Adding Data Management Services to Parallel File Systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Brandt, Scott

2015-03-04

The objective of this project, called DAMASC for “Data Management in Scientific Computing”, is to coalesce data management with parallel file system management to present a declarative interface to scientists for managing, querying, and analyzing extremely large data sets efficiently and predictably. Managing extremely large data sets is a key challenge of exascale computing. The overhead, energy, and cost of moving massive volumes of data demand designs where computation is close to storage. In current architectures, compute/analysis clusters access data in a physically separate parallel file system and largely leave it scientist to reduce data movement. Over the past decadesmore » the high-end computing community has adopted middleware with multiple layers of abstractions and specialized file formats such as NetCDF-4 and HDF5. These abstractions provide a limited set of high-level data processing functions, but have inherent functionality and performance limitations: middleware that provides access to the highly structured contents of scientific data files stored in the (unstructured) file systems can only optimize to the extent that file system interfaces permit; the highly structured formats of these files often impedes native file system performance optimizations. We are developing Damasc, an enhanced high-performance file system with native rich data management services. Damasc will enable efficient queries and updates over files stored in their native byte-stream format while retaining the inherent performance of file system data storage via declarative queries and updates over views of underlying files. Damasc has four key benefits for the development of data-intensive scientific code: (1) applications can use important data-management services, such as declarative queries, views, and provenance tracking, that are currently available only within database systems; (2) the use of these services becomes easier, as they are provided within a familiar file-based ecosystem; (3) common optimizations, e.g., indexing and caching, are readily supported across several file formats, avoiding effort duplication; and (4) performance improves significantly, as data processing is integrated more tightly with data storage. Our key contributions are: SciHadoop which explores changes to MapReduce assumption by taking advantage of semantics of structured data while preserving MapReduce’s failure and resource management; DataMods which extends common abstractions of parallel file systems so they become programmable such that they can be extended to natively support a variety of data models and can be hooked into emerging distributed runtimes such as Stanford’s Legion; and Miso which combines Hadoop and relational data warehousing to minimize time to insight, taking into account the overhead of ingesting data into data warehousing.« less

In-Field Performance Testing of the Fork Detector for Quantitative Spent Fuel Verification

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gauld, Ian C.; Hu, Jianwei; De Baere, P.

Expanding spent fuel dry storage activities worldwide are increasing demands on safeguards authorities that perform inspections. The European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) require measurements to verify declarations when spent fuel is transferred to difficult-to-access locations, such as dry storage casks and the repositories planned in Finland and Sweden. EURATOM makes routine use of the Fork detector to obtain gross gamma and total neutron measurements during spent fuel inspections. Data analysis is performed by modules in the integrated Review and Analysis Program (iRAP) software, developed jointly by EURATOM and the IAEA. Under the frameworkmore » of the US Department of Energy–EURATOM cooperation agreement, a module for automated Fork detector data analysis has been developed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) using the ORIGEN code from the SCALE code system and implemented in iRAP. EURATOM and ORNL recently performed measurements on 30 spent fuel assemblies at the Swedish Central Interim Storage Facility for Spent Nuclear Fuel (Clab), operated by the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB). The measured assemblies represent a broad range of fuel characteristics. Neutron count rates for 15 measured pressurized water reactor assemblies are predicted with an average relative standard deviation of 4.6%, and gamma signals are predicted on average within 2.6% of the measurement. The 15 measured boiling water reactor assemblies exhibit slightly larger deviations of 5.2% for the gamma signals and 5.7% for the neutron count rates, compared to measurements. These findings suggest that with improved analysis of the measurement data, existing instruments can provide increased verification of operator declarations of the spent fuel and thereby also provide greater ability to confirm integrity of an assembly. These results support the application of the Fork detector as a fully quantitative spent fuel verification technique.« less

Prosthetic Engineering

MedlinePlus

... torque adapter in the pylons of transtibial amputees. Energy Storage & Release Many ambulatory lower limb amputees exhibit ... Future Directions Current Project Summaries Development of Controlled Energy Storage and Release Prosthetic Foot Development of Inverting- ...

Self-Powered Adaptive Switched Architecture Storage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

El Mahboubi, F.; Bafleur, M.; Boitier, V.; Alvarez, A.; Colomer, J.; Miribel, P.; Dilhac, J.-M.

2016-11-01

Ambient energy harvesting coupled to storage is a way to improve the autonomy of wireless sensors networks. Moreover, in some applications with harsh environment or when a long service lifetime is required, the use of batteries is prohibited. Ultra-capacitors provide in this case a good alternative for energy storage. Such storage must comply with the following requirements: a sufficient voltage during the initial charge must be rapidly reached, a significant amount of energy should be stored and the unemployed residual energy must be minimised at discharge. To answer these apparently contradictory criteria, we propose a selfadaptive switched architecture consisting of a matrix of switched ultra-capacitors. We present the results of a self-powered adaptive prototype that shows the improvement in terms of charge time constant, energy utilization rate and then energy autonomy.

Training a Constitutional Dynamic Network for Effector Recognition: Storage, Recall, and Erasing of Information.

PubMed

Holub, Jan; Vantomme, Ghislaine; Lehn, Jean-Marie

2016-09-14

Constitutional dynamic libraries (CDLs) of hydrazones, acylhydrazones, and imines undergo reorganization and adaptation in response to chemical effectors (herein metal cations) via component exchange and selection. Such CDLs can be subjected to training by exposition to given effectors and keep memory of the information stored by interaction with a specific metal ion. The long-term storage of the acquired information into the set of constituents of the system allows for fast recognition on subsequent contacts with the same effector(s). Dynamic networks of constituents were designed to adapt orthogonally to different metal cations by up- and down-regulation of specific constituents in the final distribution. The memory may be erased by component exchange between the constituents so as to regenerate the initial (statistical) distribution. The libraries described represent constitutional dynamic systems capable of acting as information storage molecular devices, in which the presence of components linked by reversible covalent bonds in slow exchange and bearing adequate coordination sites allows for the adaptation to different metal ions by constitutional variation. The system thus performs information storage, recall, and erase processes.

Precipitation Variability and Projection Uncertainties in Climate Change Adaptation: Go Local!

EPA Science Inventory

Presentations agenda includes: Regional and local climate change effects: The relevance; Variability and uncertainty in decision- making and adaptation approaches; Adaptation attributes for the U.S. Southwest: Water availability, storage capacity, and related; EPA research...

Antioxidant potential of Haematococcus pluvialis extract rich in astaxanthin on colour and oxidative stability of raw ground pork meat during refrigerated storage.

PubMed

Pogorzelska, Ewelina; Godziszewska, Jolanta; Brodowska, Marta; Wierzbicka, Agnieszka

2018-01-01

Astaxanthin is proven to be one of the most potent, naturally occurring antioxidants. A rich source of astaxanthin is algae Haematoccocus pluvialis (H. pluvialis). The aim of the study was to investigate antioxidant effect of H. pluvalis extract added in different levels (0.15, 0.3 or 0.45g/kg of meat) on colour and oxidative stability of raw ground pork meat during refrigerated storage (7days). Obtained data revealed that DPPH scavenging activity of the extract at the concentration of 0.45g/kg of meat was as high as 85%. Moreover, application of higher extract doses (0.3 and 0.45g/kg) delayed lipids oxidation (lower TBARS value than control) and improved colour stability (increased a* colour parameter). Additionally, usage of 0.3 and 0.45g/kg had a positive effect on meat acceptance declared by consumers' at the final day of storage. However, the extract of H. pluvialis had no antimicrobial or antioxidative activity against myoglobin oxidation. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Optimizability of OGC Standards Implementations - a Case Study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Misev, D.; Baumann, P.

2012-04-01

Why do we shop at Amazon? Because they have a unique offering that is nowhere else available? Certainly not. Rather, Amazon offers (i) simple, yet effective search; (ii) very simple payment; (iii) extremely rapid delivery. This is how scientific services will be distinguished in future: not for their data holding (there will be manifold choice), but for their service quality. We are facing the transition from data stewardship to service stewardship. One of the OGC standards which particularly enables flexible retrieval is the Web Coverage Processing Service (WCPS). It defines a high-level query language on large, multi-dimensional raster data, such as 1D timeseries, 2D EO imagery, 3D x/y/t image time series and x/y/z geophysical data, 4D x/y/z/t climate and ocean data. We have implemented WCPS based on an Array Database Management System, rasdaman, which is available in open source. In this demonstration, we study WCPS queries on 2D, 3D, and 4D data sets. Particular emphasis is placed on the computational load queries generate in such on-demand processing and filtering. We look at different techniques and their impact on performance, such as adaptive storage partitioning, query rewriting, and just-in-time compilation. Results show that there is significant potential for effective server-side optimization once a query language is sufficiently high-level and declarative.

Apparatus for in situ determination of burnup, cooling time and fissile content of an irradiated nuclear fuel assembly in a fuel storage pond

DOEpatents

Phillips, John R.; Halbig, James K.; Menlove, Howard O.; Klosterbuer, Shirley F.

1985-01-01

A detector head for in situ inspection of irradiated nuclear fuel assemblies submerged in a water-filled nuclear fuel storage pond. The detector head includes two parallel arms which extend from a housing and which are spaced apart so as to be positionable on opposite sides of a submerged fuel assembly. Each arm includes an ionization chamber and two fission chambers. One fission chamber in each arm is enclosed in a cadmium shield and the other fission chamber is unshielded. The ratio of the outputs of the shielded and unshielded fission chambers is used to determine the boron content of the pond water. Correcting for the boron content, the neutron flux and gamma ray intensity are then used to verify the declared exposure, cooling time and fissile material content of the irradiated fuel assembly.

An adaptive approach to the dynamic allocation of buffer storage. M.S. Thesis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Crooke, S. C.

1970-01-01

Several strategies for the dynamic allocation of buffer storage are simulated and compared. The basic algorithms investigated, using actual statistics observed in the Univac 1108 EXEC 8 System, include the buddy method and the first-fit method. Modifications are made to the basic methods in an effort to improve and to measure allocation performance. A simulation model of an adaptive strategy is developed which permits interchanging the two different methods, the buddy and the first-fit methods with some modifications. Using an adaptive strategy, each method may be employed in the statistical environment in which its performance is superior to the other method.

The hippocampus and memory for orderly stimulus relations

PubMed Central

Dusek, Jeffery A.; Eichenbaum, Howard

1997-01-01

Human declarative memory involves a systematic organization of information that supports generalizations and inferences from acquired knowledge. This kind of memory depends on the hippocampal region in humans, but the extent to which animals also have declarative memory, and whether inferential expression of memory depends on the hippocampus in animals, remains a major challenge in cognitive neuroscience. To examine these issues, we used a test of transitive inference pioneered by Piaget to assess capacities for systematic organization of knowledge and logical inference in children. In our adaptation of the test, rats were trained on a set of four overlapping odor discrimination problems that could be encoded either separately or as a single representation of orderly relations among the odor stimuli. Normal rats learned the problems and demonstrated the relational memory organization through appropriate transitive inferences about items not presented together during training. By contrast, after disconnection of the hippocampus from either its cortical or subcortical pathway, rats succeeded in acquiring the separate discrimination problems but did not demonstrate transitive inference, indicating that they had failed to develop or could not inferentially express the orderly organization of the stimulus elements. These findings strongly support the view that the hippocampus mediates a general declarative memory capacity in animals, as it does in humans. PMID:9192700

Mechanisms for widespread hippocampal involvement in cognition

PubMed Central

Shohamy, Daphna; Turk-Browne, Nicholas B.

2014-01-01

The quintessential memory system in the human brain — the hippocampus and surrounding medial temporal lobe (MTL) — is often treated as a module for the formation of conscious, or declarative memories. However, growing evidence suggests that the hippocampus plays a broader role in memory and cognition and that theories organizing memory into strictly dedicated systems may need to be updated. We first consider the historical evidence for the specialized role of the hippocampus in declarative memory. Then, we describe the serendipitous encounter that motivated this special section, based on parallel research from our labs that suggested a more pervasive contribution of the hippocampus to cognition beyond declarative memory. Finally, we develop a theoretical framework that describes two general mechanisms for how the hippocampus interacts with other brain systems and cognitive processes: the Memory Modulation Hypothesis, in which mnemonic representations in the hippocampus modulate the operation of other systems, and the Adaptive Function Hypothesis, in which specialized computations in the hippocampus are recruited as a component of both mnemonic and non-mnemonic functions. This framework is consistent with an emerging view that the most fertile ground for discovery in cognitive psychology and neuroscience lies at the interface between parts of the mind and brain that have traditionally been studied in isolation. PMID:24246058

Compact storage of medical images with patient information.

PubMed

Acharya, R; Anand, D; Bhat, S; Niranjan, U C

2001-12-01

Digital watermarking is a technique of hiding specific identification data for copyright authentication. This technique is adapted here for interleaving patient information with medical images to reduce storage and transmission overheads. The text data are encrypted before interleaving with images to ensure greater security. The graphical signals are compressed and subsequently interleaved with the image. Differential pulse-code-modulation and adaptive-delta-modulation techniques are employed for data compression, and encryption and results are tabulated for a specific example.

Improving Shaping Efforts in Africa’s Maghreb and Sahel

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-21

threat in North Africa to U.S. interests? Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) is a relatively new franchise of Al Qaeda. Upon declaring allegiance...trafficking to finance their operations. Should a West African franchise of Al Qaeda, or any other terrorist organization with local grievances and/or global...solve issues like desertification, poverty, unemployment , social inequalities, and so on. By adapting to this new environment and by reallocating

Strengthening IAEA Safeguards for Research Reactors

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Reid, Bruce D.; Anzelon, George A.; Budlong-Sylvester, Kory

During their December 10-11, 2013, workshop in Grenoble France, which focused on the history and future of safeguarding research reactors, the United States, France and the United Kingdom (UK) agreed to conduct a joint study exploring ways to strengthen the IAEA’s safeguards approach for declared research reactors. This decision was prompted by concerns about: 1) historical cases of non-compliance involving misuse (including the use of non-nuclear materials for production of neutron generators for weapons) and diversion that were discovered, in many cases, long after the violations took place and as part of broader pattern of undeclared activities in half amore » dozen countries; 2) the fact that, under the Safeguards Criteria, the IAEA inspects some reactors (e.g., those with power levels under 25 MWt) less than once per year; 3) the long-standing precedent of States using heavy water research reactors (HWRR) to produce plutonium for weapons programs; 4) the use of HEU fuel in some research reactors; and 5) various technical characteristics common to some types of research reactors that could provide an opportunity for potential proliferators to misuse the facility or divert material with low probability of detection by the IAEA. In some research reactors it is difficult to detect diversion or undeclared irradiation. In addition, infrastructure associated with research reactors could pose a safeguards challenge. To strengthen the effectiveness of safeguards at the State level, this paper advocates that the IAEA consider ways to focus additional attention and broaden its safeguards toolbox for research reactors. This increase in focus on the research reactors could begin with the recognition that the research reactor (of any size) could be a common path element on a large number of technically plausible pathways that must be considered when performing acquisition pathway analysis (APA) for developing a State Level Approach (SLA) and Annual Implementation Plan (AIP). To broaden the IAEA safeguards toolbox, the study recommends that the Agency consider closing potential gaps in safeguards coverage by, among other things: 1) adapting its safeguards measures based on a case-by-case assessment; 2) using more frequent and expanded/enhanced mailbox declarations (ideally with remote transmission of the data to IAEA Headquarters in Vienna) coupled with short-notice or unannounced inspections; 3) putting more emphasis on the collection and analysis of environmental samples at hot cells and waste storage tanks; 4) taking Safeguards by Design into account for the construction of new research reactors and best practices for existing research reactors; 5) utilizing fully all legal authorities to enhance inspection access (including a strengthened and continuing DIV process); and 6) utilizing new approaches to improve auditing activities, verify reactor operating data history, and track/monitor the movement and storage of spent fuel.« less

Influence of technology on magnetic tape storage device characteristics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gniewek, John J.; Vogel, Stephen M.

1994-01-01

There are available today many data storage devices that serve the diverse application requirements of the consumer, professional entertainment, and computer data processing industries. Storage technologies include semiconductors, several varieties of optical disk, optical tape, magnetic disk, and many varieties of magnetic tape. In some cases, devices are developed with specific characteristics to meet specification requirements. In other cases, an existing storage device is modified and adapted to a different application. For magnetic tape storage devices, examples of the former case are 3480/3490 and QIC device types developed for the high end and low end segments of the data processing industry respectively, VHS, Beta, and 8 mm formats developed for consumer video applications, and D-1, D-2, D-3 formats developed for professional video applications. Examples of modified and adapted devices include 4 mm, 8 mm, 12.7 mm and 19 mm computer data storage devices derived from consumer and professional audio and video applications. With the conversion of the consumer and professional entertainment industries from analog to digital storage and signal processing, there have been increasing references to the 'convergence' of the computer data processing and entertainment industry technologies. There has yet to be seen, however, any evidence of convergence of data storage device types. There are several reasons for this. The diversity of application requirements results in varying degrees of importance for each of the tape storage characteristics.

Compressed gas manifold

DOEpatents

Hildebrand, Richard J.; Wozniak, John J.

2001-01-01

A compressed gas storage cell interconnecting manifold including a thermally activated pressure relief device, a manual safety shut-off valve, and a port for connecting the compressed gas storage cells to a motor vehicle power source and to a refueling adapter. The manifold is mechanically and pneumatically connected to a compressed gas storage cell by a bolt including a gas passage therein.

Abnormal Fear Memory as a Model for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

PubMed

Desmedt, Aline; Marighetto, Aline; Piazza, Pier-Vincenzo

2015-09-01

For over a century, clinicians have consistently described the paradoxical co-existence in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of sensory intrusive hypermnesia and declarative amnesia for the same traumatic event. Although this amnesia is considered as a critical etiological factor of the development and/or persistence of PTSD, most current animal models in basic neuroscience have focused exclusively on the hypermnesia, i.e., the persistence of a strong fear memory, neglecting the qualitative alteration of fear memory. The latest is characterized by an underrepresentation of the trauma in the context-based declarative memory system in favor of its overrepresentation in a cue-based sensory/emotional memory system. Combining psychological and neurobiological data as well as theoretical hypotheses, this review supports the idea that contextual amnesia is at the core of PTSD and its persistence and that altered hippocampal-amygdalar interaction may contribute to such pathologic memory. In a first attempt to unveil the neurobiological alterations underlying PTSD-related hypermnesia/amnesia, we describe a recent animal model mimicking in mice some critical aspects of such abnormal fear memory. Finally, this line of argument emphasizes the pressing need for a systematic comparison between normal/adaptive versus abnormal/maladaptive fear memory to identify biomarkers of PTSD while distinguishing them from general stress-related, potentially adaptive, neurobiological alterations. Copyright © 2015 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Disrupted rapid eye movement sleep predicts poor declarative memory performance in post-traumatic stress disorder.

PubMed

Lipinska, Malgorzata; Timol, Ridwana; Kaminer, Debra; Thomas, Kevin G F

2014-06-01

Successful memory consolidation during sleep depends on healthy slow-wave and rapid eye movement sleep, and on successful transition across sleep stages. In post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep is disrupted and memory is impaired, but relations between these two variables in the psychiatric condition remain unexplored. We examined whether disrupted sleep, and consequent disrupted memory consolidation, is a mechanism underlying declarative memory deficits in post-traumatic stress disorder. We recruited three matched groups of participants: post-traumatic stress disorder (n = 16); trauma-exposed non-post-traumatic stress disorder (n = 15); and healthy control (n = 14). They completed memory tasks before and after 8 h of sleep. We measured sleep variables using sleep-adapted electroencephalography. Post-traumatic stress disorder-diagnosed participants experienced significantly less sleep efficiency and rapid eye movement sleep percentage, and experienced more awakenings and wake percentage in the second half of the night than did participants in the other two groups. After sleep, post-traumatic stress disorder-diagnosed participants retained significantly less information on a declarative memory task than controls. Rapid eye movement percentage, wake percentage and sleep efficiency correlated with retention of information over the night. Furthermore, lower rapid eye movement percentage predicted poorer retention in post-traumatic stress disorder-diagnosed individuals. Our results suggest that declarative memory consolidation is disrupted during sleep in post-traumatic stress disorder. These data are consistent with theories suggesting that sleep benefits memory consolidation via predictable neurobiological mechanisms, and that rapid eye movement disruption is more than a symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder. © 2014 European Sleep Research Society.

The teaching of medicine at the University Centre for Health Sciences Yaounde, Cameroon: its concordance with the Edinburgh Declaration on medical education.

PubMed

Monekosso, G L

1993-07-01

The University Centre for Health Sciences (UCHS) or as it is referred to in French 'Centre Universitaire des Sciences de la Santé' (CUSS), became functional in 1969 with the enrollment of the first group of students. The objective of this training programme was to produce a scientifically sound, multipurpose doctor who would be fully operational in a rural setting with minimal equipment and supplies (Monekosso 1970, 1972). The graduate had to be able to adapt readily to new situations and improvise whenever possible, calling for a high degree of competence and initiative. The training strategies adopted by UCHS in 1969 which met this requirement were later found to be in close concordance with the tenets of the World Conference on Medical Education held in Edinburgh in 1988, the Edinburgh Declaration. While some of the terminology may not have been worked out at the time, the programme developed embraced some new concepts hitherto untried or undeveloped: the problem-solving approach in the first to the sixth year; an integrated teaching approach during the first to sixth year of medical training; an integrated medicine internship in district hospitals in the sixth year; a community-based training approach throughout the training; team training of three different health professionals; competency-based training; health services linked research; health services linked training (Monekosso & Quenum 1978). The concordance of this programme to the Edinburgh Declaration is of great interest in realizing the World Federation for Medical Education programme and implementing the Edinburgh Declaration. The involvement of the three innovative medical schools in the planning stage of the curriculum explains this concordance.

Regulatory Policy and Markets for Energy Storage in North America

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kintner-Meyer, Michael CW

2014-05-14

The last 5 years have been one of the most exciting times for the energy storage industry. We have seen significant advancements in the regulatory process to make accommodations for valuing and monetizing energy storage for what it provides to the grid. The most impactful regulatory decision for the energy storage industry has come from California, where the California Public Utilities Commission issued a decision that mandates procurement requirements of 1.325 GW for energy storage to 3 investor-own utilities in 4 stages: in 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020. Furthermore, at the Federal level, FERC’s Order 755, requires the transmission operatorsmore » to develop pay for performance tariffs for ancillary services. This has had direct impact on the market design of US competitive wholesale markets and the monetization of fast responding grid assets. While this order is technology neutral, it clearly plays into the fast-responding capability of energy storage technologies. Today PJM, CAISO, MISO, NYISO, and NE-ISO have implemented Order 755 and offer new tariff for regulation services based on pay-for-performance principles. Furthermore, FERC Order 784, issued in July 2013 requires transmission providers to consider speed and accuracy in determining the requirements for ancillary services. In November 2013, FERC issued Order 972, which revises the small generator interconnection agreement which declares energy storage as a power source. This order puts energy storage on par with existing generators. This paper will discuss the implementation of FERC’s Pay for Performance Regulation order at all ISOs in the U.S. under FERC regulatory authority (this excludes ERCOT). Also discussed will be the market impacts and overall impacts on the NERC regulation performance indexes. The paper will end with a discussion on the California and Ontario, Canada procurement mandates and the opportunity that it may present to the energy storage industry.« less

Large storage operations under climate change: expanding uncertainties and evolving tradeoffs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Giuliani, Matteo; Anghileri, Daniela; Castelletti, Andrea; Vu, Phuong Nam; Soncini-Sessa, Rodolfo

2016-03-01

In a changing climate and society, large storage systems can play a key role for securing water, energy, and food, and rebalancing their cross-dependencies. In this letter, we study the role of large storage operations as flexible means of adaptation to climate change. In particular, we explore the impacts of different climate projections for different future time horizons on the multi-purpose operations of the existing system of large dams in the Red River basin (China-Laos-Vietnam). We identify the main vulnerabilities of current system operations, understand the risk of failure across sectors by exploring the evolution of the system tradeoffs, quantify how the uncertainty associated to climate scenarios is expanded by the storage operations, and assess the expected costs if no adaptation is implemented. Results show that, depending on the climate scenario and the time horizon considered, the existing operations are predicted to change on average from -7 to +5% in hydropower production, +35 to +520% in flood damages, and +15 to +160% in water supply deficit. These negative impacts can be partially mitigated by adapting the existing operations to future climate, reducing the loss of hydropower to 5%, potentially saving around 34.4 million US year-1 at the national scale. Since the Red River is paradigmatic of many river basins across south east Asia, where new large dams are under construction or are planned to support fast growing economies, our results can support policy makers in prioritizing responses and adaptation strategies to the changing climate.

The adaptive approach for storage assignment by mining data of warehouse management system for distribution centres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ming-Huang Chiang, David; Lin, Chia-Ping; Chen, Mu-Chen

2011-05-01

Among distribution centre operations, order picking has been reported to be the most labour-intensive activity. Sophisticated storage assignment policies adopted to reduce the travel distance of order picking have been explored in the literature. Unfortunately, previous research has been devoted to locating entire products from scratch. Instead, this study intends to propose an adaptive approach, a Data Mining-based Storage Assignment approach (DMSA), to find the optimal storage assignment for newly delivered products that need to be put away when there is vacant shelf space in a distribution centre. In the DMSA, a new association index (AIX) is developed to evaluate the fitness between the put away products and the unassigned storage locations by applying association rule mining. With AIX, the storage location assignment problem (SLAP) can be formulated and solved as a binary integer programming. To evaluate the performance of DMSA, a real-world order database of a distribution centre is obtained and used to compare the results from DMSA with a random assignment approach. It turns out that DMSA outperforms random assignment as the number of put away products and the proportion of put away products with high turnover rates increase.

Determining initial enrichment, burnup, and cooling time of pressurized-water reactor spent fuel assemblies by analyzing passive gamma spectra measured at the Clab interim-fuel storage facility in Sweden

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Favalli, Andrea; Vo, D.; Grogan, Brandon R.

The purpose of the Next Generation Safeguards Initiative (NGSI)–Spent Fuel (SF) project is to strengthen the technical toolkit of safeguards inspectors and/or other interested parties. The NGSI–SF team is working to achieve the following technical goals more easily and efficiently than in the past using nondestructive assay measurements of spent fuel assemblies: (1) verify the initial enrichment, burnup, and cooling time of facility declaration; (2) detect the diversion or replacement of pins; (3) estimate the plutonium mass [which is also a function of the variables in (1)]; (4) estimate the decay heat; and (5) determine the reactivity of spent fuelmore » assemblies. Since August 2013, a set of measurement campaigns has been conducted at the Central Interim Storage Facility for Spent Nuclear Fuel (Clab), in collaboration with Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB). One purpose of the measurement campaigns was to acquire passive gamma spectra with high-purity germanium and lanthanum bromide scintillation detectors from Pressurized Water Reactor and Boiling Water Reactor spent fuel assemblies. The absolute 137Cs count rate and the 154Eu/ 137Cs, 134Cs/ 137Cs, 106Ru/ 137Cs, and 144Ce/ 137Cs isotopic ratios were extracted; these values were used to construct corresponding model functions (which describe each measured quantity’s behavior over various combinations of burnup, cooling time, and initial enrichment) and then were used to determine those same quantities in each measured spent fuel assembly. Furthermore, the results obtained in comparison with the operator declared values, as well as the methodology developed, are discussed in detail in the paper.« less

Determining initial enrichment, burnup, and cooling time of pressurized-water reactor spent fuel assemblies by analyzing passive gamma spectra measured at the Clab interim-fuel storage facility in Sweden

DOE PAGES

Favalli, Andrea; Vo, D.; Grogan, Brandon R.; ...

2016-02-26

The purpose of the Next Generation Safeguards Initiative (NGSI)–Spent Fuel (SF) project is to strengthen the technical toolkit of safeguards inspectors and/or other interested parties. The NGSI–SF team is working to achieve the following technical goals more easily and efficiently than in the past using nondestructive assay measurements of spent fuel assemblies: (1) verify the initial enrichment, burnup, and cooling time of facility declaration; (2) detect the diversion or replacement of pins; (3) estimate the plutonium mass [which is also a function of the variables in (1)]; (4) estimate the decay heat; and (5) determine the reactivity of spent fuelmore » assemblies. Since August 2013, a set of measurement campaigns has been conducted at the Central Interim Storage Facility for Spent Nuclear Fuel (Clab), in collaboration with Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB). One purpose of the measurement campaigns was to acquire passive gamma spectra with high-purity germanium and lanthanum bromide scintillation detectors from Pressurized Water Reactor and Boiling Water Reactor spent fuel assemblies. The absolute 137Cs count rate and the 154Eu/ 137Cs, 134Cs/ 137Cs, 106Ru/ 137Cs, and 144Ce/ 137Cs isotopic ratios were extracted; these values were used to construct corresponding model functions (which describe each measured quantity’s behavior over various combinations of burnup, cooling time, and initial enrichment) and then were used to determine those same quantities in each measured spent fuel assembly. Furthermore, the results obtained in comparison with the operator declared values, as well as the methodology developed, are discussed in detail in the paper.« less

Justification of Estimates for Fiscal Year 1983 Submitted to Congress.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-02-01

hierarchies to aid software production; completion of the components of an adaptive suspension vehicle including a storage energy unit, hydraulics, laser...and corrosion (long storage times), and radiation-induced breakdown. Solid- lubricated main engine bearings for cruise missile engines would offer...environments will cause "soft error" (computational and memory storage errors) in advanced microelectronic circuits. Research on high-speed, low-power

(3) Development of composite adsorbents for high decontamination and their selective adsorption properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mimura, Hitoshi; Yamagishi, Isao

In an action for the convergence of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, the completion of Step 2 was declared in last December, 2011. As for the circulating cooling system supporting the cold shutdown of nuclear reactor, the temporary treatment equipment operation maintains stability. On the other hand, the establishment of permanent equipments, safety storage, treatment and disposal for the secondary solid wastes are urgent subjects. This special issue deals with the development of highly functional composite adsorbents and the evaluation of selective adsorption properties. The technical issues for the stable treatment and disposal of solid wastes are further discussed.

76 FR 33065 - Adaptation of Regulations to Incorporate Swaps

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-07

... retention period for any communication medium (e.g., oral communications) should be shorter than the... Commission's] ongoing efforts to facilitate the use of electronic technology and media'') \\45\\ applies... on electronic storage media, provided, however, that for electronic records, the storage media must...

Is the scaling relationship between carbohydrate storage and leaf biomass in meadow plants affected by the disturbance regime?

PubMed

Klimešová, Jitka; Janecek, Štepán; Bartušková, Alena; Bartoš, Michael; Altman, Jan; Doležal, Jirí; Lanta, Vojtech; Latzel, Vít

2017-11-28

Below-ground carbohydrate storage is considered an adaptation of plants aimed at regeneration after disturbance. A theoretical model by Iwasa and Kubo was empirically tested which predicted (1) that storage of carbohydrates scales allometrically with leaf biomass and (2) when the disturbance regime is relaxed, the ratio of storage to leaf biomass increases, as carbohydrates are not depleted by disturbance. These ideas were tested on nine herbaceous species from a temperate meadow and the disturbance regime was manipulated to create recently abandoned and mown plots. Just before mowing in June and at the end of the season in October, plants with below-ground organs were sampled. The material was used to assess the pool of total non-structural carbohydrates and leaf biomass. In half of the cases, a mostly isometric relationship between below-ground carbohydrate storage and leaf biomass in meadow plants was found. The ratio of below-ground carbohydrate storage to leaf biomass did not change when the disturbance regime was less intensive than that for which the plants were adapted. These findings (isometric scaling relationship between below-ground carbohydrate storage and leaf biomass; no effect of a relaxed disturbance regime) imply that storage in herbs is probably governed by factors other than just the disturbance regime applied once in a growing season. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

A Trust-Based Adaptive Probability Marking and Storage Traceback Scheme for WSNs

PubMed Central

Liu, Anfeng; Liu, Xiao; Long, Jun

2016-01-01

Security is a pivotal issue for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which are emerging as a promising platform that enables a wide range of military, scientific, industrial and commercial applications. Traceback, a key cyber-forensics technology, can play an important role in tracing and locating a malicious source to guarantee cybersecurity. In this work a trust-based adaptive probability marking and storage (TAPMS) traceback scheme is proposed to enhance security for WSNs. In a TAPMS scheme, the marking probability is adaptively adjusted according to the security requirements of the network and can substantially reduce the number of marking tuples and improve network lifetime. More importantly, a high trust node is selected to store marking tuples, which can avoid the problem of marking information being lost. Experimental results show that the total number of marking tuples can be reduced in a TAPMS scheme, thus improving network lifetime. At the same time, since the marking tuples are stored in high trust nodes, storage reliability can be guaranteed, and the traceback time can be reduced by more than 80%. PMID:27043566

Similarities in error processing establish a link between saccade prediction at baseline and adaptation performance.

PubMed

Wong, Aaron L; Shelhamer, Mark

2014-05-01

Adaptive processes are crucial in maintaining the accuracy of body movements and rely on error storage and processing mechanisms. Although classically studied with adaptation paradigms, evidence of these ongoing error-correction mechanisms should also be detectable in other movements. Despite this connection, current adaptation models are challenged when forecasting adaptation ability with measures of baseline behavior. On the other hand, we have previously identified an error-correction process present in a particular form of baseline behavior, the generation of predictive saccades. This process exhibits long-term intertrial correlations that decay gradually (as a power law) and are best characterized with the tools of fractal time series analysis. Since this baseline task and adaptation both involve error storage and processing, we sought to find a link between the intertrial correlations of the error-correction process in predictive saccades and the ability of subjects to alter their saccade amplitudes during an adaptation task. Here we find just such a relationship: the stronger the intertrial correlations during prediction, the more rapid the acquisition of adaptation. This reinforces the links found previously between prediction and adaptation in motor control and suggests that current adaptation models are inadequate to capture the complete dynamics of these error-correction processes. A better understanding of the similarities in error processing between prediction and adaptation might provide the means to forecast adaptation ability with a baseline task. This would have many potential uses in physical therapy and the general design of paradigms of motor adaptation. Copyright © 2014 the American Physiological Society.

Measuring Device for Air Speed in Macroporous Media and Its Application Inside Apple Storage Bins.

PubMed

Geyer, Martin; Praeger, Ulrike; Truppel, Ingo; Scaar, Holger; Neuwald, Daniel A; Jedermann, Reiner; Gottschalk, Klaus

2018-02-13

In cold storage facilities of fruit and vegetables, airflow is necessary for heat removal. The design of storage facilities influences the air speed in the surrounding of the product. Therefore, knowledge about airflow next to the product is important to plan the layout of cold stores adapted to the requirements of the products. A new sensing device (ASL, Air speed logger) is developed for omnidirectional measurement of air speed between fruit or vegetables inside storage bins or in bulk. It consists of four interconnected plastic spheres with 80 mm diameter each, adapted to the size of apple fruit. In the free space between the spheres, silicon diodes are fixed for the airflow measurement based on a calorimetric principle. Battery and data logger are mounted inside the spheres. The device is calibrated in a wind tunnel in a measuring range of 0-1.3 m/s. Air speed measurements in fruit bulks on laboratory scale and in an industrial fruit store show air speeds in gaps between fruit with high stability at different airflow levels. Several devices can be placed between stored products for determination of the air speed distribution inside bulks or bin stacks in a storage room.

Effects of Chicken Litter Storage Time and Ammonia Content on Thermal Resistance of Desiccation-Adapted Salmonella spp.

PubMed

Chen, Zhao; Wang, Hongye; Ionita, Claudia; Luo, Feng; Jiang, Xiuping

2015-10-01

Broiler chicken litter was kept as a stacked heap on a poultry farm, and samples were collected up to 9 months of storage. Chicken litter inoculated with desiccation-adapted Salmonella cells was heat-treated at 75, 80, 85, and 150°C. Salmonella populations decreased in all these samples during heat treatment, and the inactivation rates became lower in chicken litter when storage time was extended from 0 to 6 months. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in thermal resistance of Salmonella in 6- and 9-month litter samples, indicating that a threshold for thermal resistance was reached after 6 months. Overall, the thermal resistance of Salmonella in chicken litter was affected by the storage time of the litter. The changes in some chemical, physical, and microbiological properties during storage could possibly contribute to this difference. Moisture and ammonia could be two of the most significant factors influencing the thermal resistance of Salmonella cells in chicken litter. Our results emphasize the importance of adjusting time and temperature conditions for heat processing chicken litter when it is removed from the chicken house at different time intervals. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Effects of Chicken Litter Storage Time and Ammonia Content on Thermal Resistance of Desiccation-Adapted Salmonella spp.

PubMed Central

Chen, Zhao; Wang, Hongye; Ionita, Claudia; Luo, Feng

2015-01-01

Broiler chicken litter was kept as a stacked heap on a poultry farm, and samples were collected up to 9 months of storage. Chicken litter inoculated with desiccation-adapted Salmonella cells was heat-treated at 75, 80, 85, and 150°C. Salmonella populations decreased in all these samples during heat treatment, and the inactivation rates became lower in chicken litter when storage time was extended from 0 to 6 months. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in thermal resistance of Salmonella in 6- and 9-month litter samples, indicating that a threshold for thermal resistance was reached after 6 months. Overall, the thermal resistance of Salmonella in chicken litter was affected by the storage time of the litter. The changes in some chemical, physical, and microbiological properties during storage could possibly contribute to this difference. Moisture and ammonia could be two of the most significant factors influencing the thermal resistance of Salmonella cells in chicken litter. Our results emphasize the importance of adjusting time and temperature conditions for heat processing chicken litter when it is removed from the chicken house at different time intervals. PMID:26209673

Engineering Tests for Energy Storage Cars at the Transportation Test Center : Volume 3. Noise Tests.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1977-05-01

The primary purpose of the tests documented herein was to demonstrate the principles and feasibility of an energy storage type propulsion system, and its adaptability to an existing car design. The test program comprised four phases of tests on two N...

Primary and Secondary Contamination Mechanisms in ASR Modeling and Design of Practical Management

EPA Science Inventory

Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) is a useful water resource management option for water storage and reuse. Its increased use is recognized in adaptation to the ever increasing problem of water availability, both in timing and flow. Challenges in the ASR process may arise from...

Microgrid Control Strategy Utlizing Thermal Energy Storage With Renewable Solar And Wind Power Generation

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

13 Figure 6. Vertical Axis Wind Turbines and Photovoltaic Solar Panels ....................15 Figure 7. Solar Sunny Boy Inverter...16 Figure 8. Wind Turbine Inverters...1. Comparison of Energy Storage. Adapted from [16], [18], [19]. ................10 Table 2. DC Operating Voltage of Wind Turbine Inverters

Engineering Tests for Energy Storage Cars at the Transportation Test Center : Volume 1. Program Description and Test Summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1977-05-01

The primary purpose of the tests documented herein was to demonstrate the principles and feasibility of an energy storage type propulsion system, and its adaptability to an existing car design. The test program comprised four phases of tests on two N...

Investigating Storage and Retrieval Processes of Directed Forgetting: A Model-Based Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rummel, Jan; Marevic, Ivan; Kuhlmann, Beatrice G.

2016-01-01

Intentional forgetting of previously learned information is an adaptive cognitive capability of humans but its cognitive underpinnings are not yet well understood. It has been argued that it strongly depends on the presentation method whether forgetting instructions alter storage or retrieval stages (Basden, Basden, & Gargano, 1993). In…

Primary and Secondary Contamination Mechanisms for Consideration in ASR Modeling and Practical Management

EPA Science Inventory

Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) is a useful water resource management option for water storage and reuse. Its increased use is recognized in adaptation to the ever increasing problem of water availability, both in timing and flow. Challenges in the ASR process may arise from...

Chemical bridges for enhancing hydrogen storage by spillover and methods for forming the same

DOEpatents

Yang, Ralph T.; Li, Yingwei; Qi, Gongshin; Lachawiec, Jr., Anthony J.

2012-12-25

A composition for hydrogen storage includes a source of hydrogen atoms, a receptor, and a chemical bridge formed between the source and the receptor. The chemical bridge is formed from a precursor material. The receptor is adapted to receive hydrogen spillover from the source.

48 CFR 218.203 - Incidents of national significance, emergency declaration, or major disaster declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... significance, emergency declaration, or major disaster declaration. 218.203 Section 218.203 Federal Acquisition... significance, emergency declaration, or major disaster declaration. (1) Establishing or maintaining alternative... awarded by contracting officers in the conduct of emergency operations, such as responses to natural...

48 CFR 218.203 - Incidents of national significance, emergency declaration, or major disaster declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... significance, emergency declaration, or major disaster declaration. 218.203 Section 218.203 Federal Acquisition... significance, emergency declaration, or major disaster declaration. (1) Establishing or maintaining alternative... awarded by contracting officers in the conduct of emergency operations, such as responses to natural...

48 CFR 218.203 - Incidents of national significance, emergency declaration, or major disaster declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... significance, emergency declaration, or major disaster declaration. 218.203 Section 218.203 Federal Acquisition... significance, emergency declaration, or major disaster declaration. (1) Establishing or maintaining alternative... awarded by contracting officers in the conduct of emergency operations, such as responses to natural...

48 CFR 218.203 - Incidents of national significance, emergency declaration, or major disaster declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... significance, emergency declaration, or major disaster declaration. 218.203 Section 218.203 Federal Acquisition... significance, emergency declaration, or major disaster declaration. (1) Establishing or maintaining alternative... awarded by contracting officers in the conduct of emergency operations, such as responses to natural...

19 CFR 148.14 - Family declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Family declarations. 148.14 Section 148.14 Customs... (CONTINUED) PERSONAL DECLARATIONS AND EXEMPTIONS Declarations § 148.14 Family declarations. A family group... declare orally articles acquired abroad for the personal or household use of any member of the family if...

19 CFR 148.14 - Family declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Family declarations. 148.14 Section 148.14 Customs... (CONTINUED) PERSONAL DECLARATIONS AND EXEMPTIONS Declarations § 148.14 Family declarations. A family group... declare orally articles acquired abroad for the personal or household use of any member of the family if...

19 CFR 148.14 - Family declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Family declarations. 148.14 Section 148.14 Customs... (CONTINUED) PERSONAL DECLARATIONS AND EXEMPTIONS Declarations § 148.14 Family declarations. A family group... declare orally articles acquired abroad for the personal or household use of any member of the family if...

Self-adaptive strain-relaxation optimization for high-energy lithium storage material through crumpling of graphene.

PubMed

Zhao, Yunlong; Feng, Jiangang; Liu, Xue; Wang, Fengchao; Wang, Lifen; Shi, Changwei; Huang, Lei; Feng, Xi; Chen, Xiyuan; Xu, Lin; Yan, Mengyu; Zhang, Qingjie; Bai, Xuedong; Wu, Hengan; Mai, Liqiang

2014-08-01

High-energy lithium battery materials based on conversion/alloying reactions have tremendous potential applications in new generation energy storage devices. However, these applications are limited by inherent large volume variations and sluggish kinetics. Here we report a self-adaptive strain-relaxed electrode through crumpling of graphene to serve as high-stretchy protective shells on metal framework, to overcome these limitations. The graphene sheets are self-assembled and deeply crumpled into pinecone-like structure through a contraction-strain-driven crumpling method. The as-prepared electrode exhibits high specific capacity (2,165 mAh g(-1)), fast charge-discharge rate (20 A g(-1)) with no capacity fading in 1,000 cycles. This kind of crumpled graphene has self-adaptive behaviour of spontaneous unfolding-folding synchronized with cyclic expansion-contraction volumetric variation of core materials, which can release strain and maintain good electric contact simultaneously. It is expected that such findings will facilitate the applications of crumpled graphene and the self-adaptive materials.

Quantifying the evidence for co-benefits between species conservation and climate change mitigation in giant panda habitats.

PubMed

Li, Renqiang; Xu, Ming; Powers, Ryan; Zhao, Fen; Jetz, Walter; Wen, Hui; Sheng, Qingkai

2017-10-05

Conservationists strive for practical, cost-effective management solutions to forest-based species conservation and climate change mitigation. However, this is compromised by insufficient information about the effectiveness of protected areas in increasing carbon storage, and the co-benefits of species and carbon conservation remain poorly understood. Here, we present the first rigorous quantitative assessment of the roles of giant panda nature reserves (NRs) in carbon sequestration, and explore the co-benefits of habitat conservation and climate change mitigation. Results show that more than 90% of the studied panda NRs are effective in increasing carbon storage, with the mean biomass carbon density of the whole NRs exhibiting a 4.2% higher growth rate compared with lands not declared as NRs over the period 1988-2012, while this effectiveness in carbon storage masks important patterns of spatial heterogeneity across the giant panda habitats. Moreover, the significant associations have been identified between biomass carbon density and panda's habitat suitability in ~85% NRs and at the NR level. These findings suggest that the planning for carbon and species conservation co-benefits would enhance the greatest return on limited conservation investments, which is a critical need for the giant panda after its conservation status has been downgraded from "endangered" to "vulnerable".

Detection of Missing Assemblies and Estimation of the Scattering Densities in a VSC-24 Dry Storage Cask with Cosmic-Ray-Muon-Based Computed Tomography

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, Zhengzhi; Hayward, Jason; Liao, Can

We report that highly energetic, cosmic-ray muons can penetrate a dry storage cask and yield information about the material inside it by making use of the physics of multiple Coulomb scattering. Work by others has shown this information may be used for verification of dry storage cask contents after continuity of knowledge has been lost. In our modeling and simulation approach, we use ideal planar radiation detectors to record the trajectories and momentum of both incident and exiting cosmic ray muons; this choice allows us to demonstrate the fundamental limit of the technology for a particular measurement and reconstruction method.more » In a method analogous to computed tomography with the attenuation coefficient replaced by scattering density, we apply a filtered back projection algorithm in order to reconstruct the geometry in modeled scenarios for a VSC-24 concrete-walled cask. We also report on our attempt to estimate material-specific information. A scenario where one of the middle four spent nuclear fuel assemblies is missing—undetectable with a simple PoCA-based approach—is expected to be detectable with a CT-based approach. Moreover, a trickier scenario where one or more assemblies is replaced by a dummy assembly is put forward. Lastly, in this case, we expect that this dry storage cask should be found to be not as declared based on our simulation and reconstruction results.« less

Detection of Missing Assemblies and Estimation of the Scattering Densities in a VSC-24 Dry Storage Cask with Cosmic-Ray-Muon-Based Computed Tomography

DOE PAGES

Liu, Zhengzhi; Hayward, Jason; Liao, Can; ...

2017-08-01

We report that highly energetic, cosmic-ray muons can penetrate a dry storage cask and yield information about the material inside it by making use of the physics of multiple Coulomb scattering. Work by others has shown this information may be used for verification of dry storage cask contents after continuity of knowledge has been lost. In our modeling and simulation approach, we use ideal planar radiation detectors to record the trajectories and momentum of both incident and exiting cosmic ray muons; this choice allows us to demonstrate the fundamental limit of the technology for a particular measurement and reconstruction method.more » In a method analogous to computed tomography with the attenuation coefficient replaced by scattering density, we apply a filtered back projection algorithm in order to reconstruct the geometry in modeled scenarios for a VSC-24 concrete-walled cask. We also report on our attempt to estimate material-specific information. A scenario where one of the middle four spent nuclear fuel assemblies is missing—undetectable with a simple PoCA-based approach—is expected to be detectable with a CT-based approach. Moreover, a trickier scenario where one or more assemblies is replaced by a dummy assembly is put forward. Lastly, in this case, we expect that this dry storage cask should be found to be not as declared based on our simulation and reconstruction results.« less

Software Technology for Adaptable, Reliable Systems (STARS) (User Manual). Ada Command Environment (ACE) Version 8.0 Sun OS Implementation

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-10-29

the equivalent type names in the basic X libary . 37. Intrinsics Contains the type declarations common to all Xt toolkit routines. 38. Widget-Package...Memory-Size constant Integer 1; MinInt constant I-reger Integer’First; MaxInt const-i’ integer Integer’Last; -- Max- Digits constant Integer 1; -- MaxMan...connection between some type names used by Xt routines and the equivalent type names in the basic X libary . .package RenamedXlibTypes is P;’ge 65 29

User’s Manual for a Prototype Binding of ANSI-Standard SQL to Ada Supporting the SAME Methodology for the Software Technology for Adaptable, Reliable Systems (STARS) Program

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-06-30

declaring all of the valid enumeration values for a domain of type enumeration. Example-> In type color_vals is (red, blue , green), color_vals is the name...Color Vals is (red, white, blue ); package Fifth is new domainl.generateenum domain (ColorVals, Colors, enumeration, nullandnotnull); Resulting...generated domain definition-> type colorsnotnull is (red, white, blue ); package colors_ops is new sqlenumeration_pkg(colors notnull); type colors_type is

Engineering Tests for Energy Storage Cars at the Transportation Test Center : Volume 2. Performance, Power Consumption and Radio Frequency Interference Tests

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1977-05-01

The primary purpose of the tests documented herein was to demonstrate the principles and feasibility of an energy-storage-type propulsion system, and its adaptability to an existing car design. The test program comprised four phases of tests on two N...

Variable-gravity anti-vortex and vapor-ingestion-suppression device

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Grayson, Gary D. (Inventor)

2003-01-01

A liquid propellant management device for placement in a liquid storage tank adjacent an outlet of the storage tank to substantially reduce or eliminate the formation of a dip and vortex in the liquid of the tank, as well as prevent vapor ingestion into the outlet, as the liquid drains out through the outlet. The liquid propellant management device has a first member adapted to suppress the formation of a vortex of a liquid exiting the storage tank. A plate is affixed generally perpendicular to the first member, wherein the plate is adapted to suppress vapor ingestion into the outlet by reducing a dip in a surface level of the liquid leaving the tank. A second member is affixed to the second side of the plate. The second member ensures that the plate is wet with liquid and assists in positioning bubbles away from the outlet.

ASR Application in Climate Change Adaptation: The Need, Issues and Research Focus

EPA Science Inventory

This presentation will focus on four key points: (a) Aquifer storage and recovery: a long-held practice offering a potential tool for climate change adaptation, (b) The drivers: 1) hydrological perturbations related to climate change, 2) water imbalance in both Qand Vbetween wat...

Towards the Architecture of an Instructional Multimedia Database.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Verhagen, Plin W.; Bestebreurtje, R.

1994-01-01

Discussion of multimedia databases in education focuses on the development of an adaptable database in The Netherlands that uses optical storage media to hold the audiovisual components. Highlights include types of applications; types of users; accessibility; adaptation; an object-oriented approach; levels of the database architecture; and…

Habituation and adaptation of the vestibuloocular reflex: a model of differential control by the vestibulocerebellum

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cohen, H.; Cohen, B.; Raphan, T.; Waespe, W.

1992-01-01

We habituated the dominant time constant of the horizontal vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) of rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys by repeated testing with steps of velocity about a vertical axis and adapted the gain of the VOR by altering visual input with magnifying and reducing lenses. After baseline values were established, the nodulus and ventral uvula of the vestibulocerebellum were ablated in two monkeys, and the effects of nodulouvulectomy and flocculectomy on VOR gain adaptation and habituation were compared. The VOR time constant decreased with repeated testing, rapidly at first and more slowly thereafter. The gain of the VOR was unaffected. Massed trials were more effective than distributed trials in producing habituation. Regardless of the schedule of testing, the VOR time constant never fell below the time constant of the semicircular canals (approximately 5 s). This finding indicates that only the slow component of the vestibular response, the component produced by velocity storage, was habituated. In agreement with this, the time constant of optokinetic after-nystagmus (OKAN) was habituated concurrently with the VOR. Average values for VOR habituation were obtained on a per session basis for six animals. The VOR gain was adapted by natural head movements in partially habituated monkeys while they wore x 2.2 magnifying or x 0.5 reducing lenses. Adaptation occurred rapidly and reached about +/- 30%, similar to values obtained using forced rotation. VOR gain adaptation did not cause additional habituation of the time constant. When the VOR gain was reduced in animals with a long VOR time constant, there were overshoots in eye velocity that peaked at about 6-8 s after the onset or end of constant-velocity rotation. These overshoots occurred at times when the velocity storage integrator would have been maximally activated by semicircular canal input. Since the activity generated in the canals is not altered by visual adaptation, this finding indicates that the gain element that controls rapid changes in eye velocity in the VOR is separate from that which couples afferent input to velocity storage. Nodulouvulectomy caused a prompt and permanent loss of habituation, returning VOR time constants to initial values. VOR gain adaptation, which is lost after flocculectomy, was unaffected by nodulouvulectomy. Flocculectomy did not alter habituation of the VOR or of OKAN. Using a simplified model of the VOR, the decrease in the duration of vestibular nystagmus due to habituation was related to a decrement in the dominant time constant of the velocity storage integrator (1/h0).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS).

Bacterial membranes: the effects of chill storage and food processing. An overview.

PubMed

Russell, Nicholas J

2002-11-15

The shelf life of food is extended by refrigeration because the metabolic processes of food-associated microorganisms are slowed by the lowered temperature. Nonetheless, cold-adapted psychrotrophic food-poisoning and food-spoilage bacteria remain a concern because they possess cold-adapted proteins and membrane lipids that facilitate growth at low temperatures. The use of membrane-disrupting novel preservation techniques, such as ultrasound, high hydrostatic pressure or pulsed electric field, offer the potential for an extension of shelf life. This review considers the interacting and potentially synergistic effects of chill storage or mild heat treatment on membrane properties, with the disruptive effects of membrane-targeted physical treatments.

Sodium storage and injection system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Keeton, A. R. (Inventor)

1979-01-01

A sodium storage and injection system for delivering atomized liquid sodium to a chemical reactor employed in the production of solar grade silicon is disclosed. The system is adapted to accommodate start-up, shut-down, normal and emergency operations, and is characterized by (1) a jacketed injection nozzle adapted to atomize liquefied sodium and (2) a supply circuit connected to the nozzle for delivering the liquefied sodium. The supply circuit is comprised of a plurality of replaceable sodium containment vessels, a pump interposed between the vessels and the nozzle, and a pressurizing circuit including a source of inert gas connected with the vessels for maintaining the sodium under pressure.

CRISPR-Cas encoding of a digital movie into the genomes of a population of living bacteria.

PubMed

Shipman, Seth L; Nivala, Jeff; Macklis, Jeffrey D; Church, George M

2017-07-20

DNA is an excellent medium for archiving data. Recent efforts have illustrated the potential for information storage in DNA using synthesized oligonucleotides assembled in vitro. A relatively unexplored avenue of information storage in DNA is the ability to write information into the genome of a living cell by the addition of nucleotides over time. Using the Cas1-Cas2 integrase, the CRISPR-Cas microbial immune system stores the nucleotide content of invading viruses to confer adaptive immunity. When harnessed, this system has the potential to write arbitrary information into the genome. Here we use the CRISPR-Cas system to encode the pixel values of black and white images and a short movie into the genomes of a population of living bacteria. In doing so, we push the technical limits of this information storage system and optimize strategies to minimize those limitations. We also uncover underlying principles of the CRISPR-Cas adaptation system, including sequence determinants of spacer acquisition that are relevant for understanding both the basic biology of bacterial adaptation and its technological applications. This work demonstrates that this system can capture and stably store practical amounts of real data within the genomes of populations of living cells.

The molecular biology of memory: cAMP, PKA, CRE, CREB-1, CREB-2, and CPEB

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

The analysis of the contributions to synaptic plasticity and memory of cAMP, PKA, CRE, CREB-1, CREB-2, and CPEB has recruited the efforts of many laboratories all over the world. These are six key steps in the molecular biological delineation of short-term memory and its conversion to long-term memory for both implicit (procedural) and explicit (declarative) memory. I here first trace the background for the clinical and behavioral studies of implicit memory that made a molecular biology of memory storage possible, and then detail the discovery and early history of these six molecular steps and their roles in explicit memory. PMID:22583753

Economic performance of irrigation capacity development to adapt to climate in the American Southwest

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ward, Frank A.; Crawford, Terry L.

2016-09-01

Growing demands for food security to feed increasing populations worldwide have intensified the search for improved performance of irrigation, the world's largest water user. These challenges are raised in the face of climate variability and from growing environmental demands. Adaptation measures in irrigated agriculture include fallowing land, shifting cropping patterns, increased groundwater pumping, reservoir storage capacity expansion, and increased production of risk-averse crops. Water users in the Gila Basin headwaters of the U.S. Lower Colorado Basin have faced a long history of high water supply fluctuations producing low-valued defensive cropping patterns. To date, little research grade analysis has investigated economically viable measures for irrigation development to adjust to variable climate. This gap has made it hard to inform water resource policy decisions on workable measures to adapt to climate in the world's dry rural areas. This paper's contribution is to illustrate, formulate, develop, and apply a new methodology to examine the economic performance from irrigation capacity improvements in the Gila Basin of the American Southwest. An integrated empirical optimization model using mathematical programming is developed to forecast cropping patterns and farm income under two scenarios (1) status quo without added storage capacity and (2) with added storage capacity in which existing barriers to development of higher valued crops are dissolved. We find that storage capacity development can lead to a higher valued portfolio of irrigation production systems as well as more sustained and higher valued farm livelihoods. Results show that compared to scenario (1), scenario (2) increases regional farm income by 30%, in which some sub regions secure income gains exceeding 900% compared to base levels. Additional storage is most economically productive when institutional and technical constraints facing irrigated agriculture are dissolved. Along with additional storage, removal of constraints on weak transportation capacity, limited production scale, poor information access, weak risk-bearing capacity, limited management skills, scarce labor supply, low food processing capacity, and absolute scale constraints, all can raise the economic value of additional irrigation capacity development. Our results light a path forward to policy makers, water administrators, and farm managers, who bear the burden of protecting farm income, food and water security, and rural economic development in the world's dry regions faced by the need to adapt to climate variability.

Measuring Device for Air Speed in Macroporous Media and Its Application Inside Apple Storage Bins

PubMed Central

Geyer, Martin; Praeger, Ulrike; Scaar, Holger; Neuwald, Daniel A.; Gottschalk, Klaus

2018-01-01

In cold storage facilities of fruit and vegetables, airflow is necessary for heat removal. The design of storage facilities influences the air speed in the surrounding of the product. Therefore, knowledge about airflow next to the product is important to plan the layout of cold stores adapted to the requirements of the products. A new sensing device (ASL, Air speed logger) is developed for omnidirectional measurement of air speed between fruit or vegetables inside storage bins or in bulk. It consists of four interconnected plastic spheres with 80 mm diameter each, adapted to the size of apple fruit. In the free space between the spheres, silicon diodes are fixed for the airflow measurement based on a calorimetric principle. Battery and data logger are mounted inside the spheres. The device is calibrated in a wind tunnel in a measuring range of 0–1.3 m/s. Air speed measurements in fruit bulks on laboratory scale and in an industrial fruit store show air speeds in gaps between fruit with high stability at different airflow levels. Several devices can be placed between stored products for determination of the air speed distribution inside bulks or bin stacks in a storage room. PMID:29438339

Non-Declarative Sequence Learning does not Show Savings in Relearning

PubMed Central

Keisler, Aysha; Willingham, Daniel T.

2007-01-01

Researchers have utilized the savings in relearning paradigm in a variety of settings since Ebbinghaus developed the tool over a century ago. In spite of its widespread use, we do not yet understand what type(s) of memory are measurable by savings. Specifically, can savings measure both declarative and non-declarative memories? The lack of conscious recollection of the encoded material in some studies indicates that non-declarative memories may show savings effects, but as all studies to date have used declarative tasks, we cannot be certain. Here, we administer a non-declarative task and then measure savings in relearning the material declaratively. Our results show that while material outside of awareness may show savings effects, non-declarative sequence memory does not. These data highlight the important distinction between memory without awareness and non-declarative memory. PMID:17343944

Non-declarative sequence learning does not show savings in relearning.

PubMed

Keisler, Aysha; Willingham, Daniel T

2007-04-01

Researchers have utilized the savings in relearning paradigm in a variety of settings since Ebbinghaus developed the tool over a century ago. In spite of its widespread use, we do not yet understand what type(s) of memory are measurable by savings. Specifically, can savings measure both declarative and non-declarative memories? The lack of conscious recollection of the encoded material in some studies indicates that non-declarative memories may show savings effects, but as all studies to date have used declarative tasks, we cannot be certain. Here, we administer a non-declarative task and then measure savings in relearning the material declaratively. Our results show that while material outside of awareness may show savings effects, non-declarative sequence memory does not. These data highlight the important distinction between memory without awareness and non-declarative memory.

Schizophrenia patients demonstrate a dissociation on declarative and non-declarative memory tests.

PubMed

Perry, W; Light, G A; Davis, H; Braff, D L

2000-12-15

Declarative memory refers to the recall and recognition of factual information. In contrast, non-declarative memory entails a facilitation of memory based on prior exposure and is typically assessed with priming and perceptual-motor sequencing tasks. In this study, schizophrenia patients were compared to normal comparison subjects on two computerized memory tasks: the Word-stem Priming Test (n=30) and the Pattern Sequence Learning Test (n=20). Word-stem Priming includes recall, recognition (declarative) and priming (non-declarative) components of memory. The schizophrenia patients demonstrated an impaired performance on recall of words with relative improvement during the recognition portion of the test. Furthermore, they performed normally on the priming portion of the test. Thus, on tests of declarative memory, the patients had retrieval deficits with intact performance on the non-declarative memory component. The Pattern Sequence Learning Test utilizes a serial reaction time paradigm to assess non-declarative memory. The schizophrenia patients' serial reaction time was significantly slower than that of comparison subjects. However, the patients' rate of acquisition was not different from the normal comparison group. The data suggest that patients with schizophrenia process more slowly than normal, but have an intact non-declarative memory. The schizophrenia patients' dissociation on declarative vs. non-declarative memory tests is discussed in terms of possible underlying structural impairment.

One-step multiplex PCR method for the determination of pecan and Brazil nut allergens in food products.

PubMed

Hubalkova, Zora; Rencova, Eva

2011-10-01

A one-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the simultaneous detection of the major allergens of pecan and Brazil nuts was developed. Primer pairs for the amplification of partial sequences of genes encoding the allergens were designed and tested for their specificity on a range of food components. The targeted amplicon size was 173 bp of Ber e 1 gene of Brazil nuts and 72 bp of vicilin-like seed storage protein gene in pecan nuts. The primer pair detecting the noncoding region of the chloroplast DNA was used as the internal control of amplification. The intrinsic detection limit of the PCR method was 100 pg mL(-1) pecan or Brazil nuts DNA. The practical detection limit was 0.1% w/w (1 g kg(-1)). The method was applied for the investigation of 63 samples with the declaration of pecans, Brazil nuts, other different nut species or nuts generally. In 15 food samples pecans and Brazil nuts allergens were identified in the conformity with the food declaration. The presented multiplex PCR method is specific enough and can be used as a fast approach for the detection of major allergens of pecan or Brazil nuts in food. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry.

An Open-Source Storage Solution for Cryo-Electron Microscopy Samples.

PubMed

Ultee, Eveline; Schenkel, Fred; Yang, Wen; Brenzinger, Susanne; Depelteau, Jamie S; Briegel, Ariane

2018-02-01

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) enables the study of biological structures in situ in great detail and to solve protein structures at Ångstrom level resolution. Due to recent advances in instrumentation and data processing, the field of cryo-EM is a rapidly growing. Access to facilities and national centers that house the state-of-the-art microscopes is limited due to the ever-rising demand, resulting in long wait times between sample preparation and data acquisition. To improve sample storage, we have developed a cryo-storage system with an efficient, high storage capacity that enables sample storage in a highly organized manner. This system is simple to use, cost-effective and easily adaptable for any type of grid storage box and dewar and any size cryo-EM laboratory.

The Historical Significance of the Universal Declaration.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eide, Asbjorn

1998-01-01

Explains the historical significance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Focuses on the initiative for the Declaration and its elaboration, the precursors to modern human rights, the foundation of the Declaration, the rights contained in the Universal Declaration, three modes of human rights analysis, and global governance and human…

19 CFR 148.18 - Failure to declare.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Failure to declare. 148.18 Section 148.18 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) PERSONAL DECLARATIONS AND EXEMPTIONS Declarations § 148.18 Failure to declare. (a) Penalty...

19 CFR 148.18 - Failure to declare.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Failure to declare. 148.18 Section 148.18 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) PERSONAL DECLARATIONS AND EXEMPTIONS Declarations § 148.18 Failure to declare. (a) Penalty...

19 CFR 148.18 - Failure to declare.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Failure to declare. 148.18 Section 148.18 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) PERSONAL DECLARATIONS AND EXEMPTIONS Declarations § 148.18 Failure to declare. (a) Penalty...

19 CFR 148.18 - Failure to declare.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Failure to declare. 148.18 Section 148.18 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) PERSONAL DECLARATIONS AND EXEMPTIONS Declarations § 148.18 Failure to declare. (a) Penalty...

19 CFR 148.18 - Failure to declare.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Failure to declare. 148.18 Section 148.18 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) PERSONAL DECLARATIONS AND EXEMPTIONS Declarations § 148.18 Failure to declare. (a) Penalty...

RETRACTED: Crystal structures of XnB12H12 (X = Li, K, Ca) and hydrogen storage property of Na-(Li, K, Ca)-B-H system from first principles calculation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

YaJuan, Guo; JianFeng, Jia; XiaoHua, Wang; Ying, Ren; HaiShun, Wu

2013-02-01

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief.The Authors have plagiarized part of a paper that had already appeared in: V. Ozolins, E. H. Majzoub and C. Wolverton, First-Principles Prediction of Thermodynamically Reversible Hydrogen Storage Reactions in the Li-Mg-Ca-B-H System, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131 (2009) 230-237; DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja8066429.One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication is that authors declare explicitly that their work is original and has not appeared in a publication elsewhere. Re-use of any data should be appropriately cited. As such this article represents a severe abuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.

Evaluation of swine fertilisation medium (SFM) efficiency in preserving spermatozoa quality during long-term storage in comparison to four commercial swine extenders.

PubMed

Fantinati, P; Zannoni, A; Bernardini, C; Forni, M; Tattini, A; Seren, E; Bacci, M L

2009-02-01

In pig production, artificial insemination is widely carried out and the use of fresh diluted semen is predominant. For this reason, there are increasing interests in developing new extenders and in establishing the optimal storage conditions for diluted spermatozoa. In the last few decades, we utilised a homemade diluent (swine fertilisation medium (SFM)) for spermatozoa manipulation and biotechnological application as the production of transgenic pigs utilising the sperm-mediated gene transfer technique. The purpose of the present study is therefore to analyse the ability of SFM, in comparison to four commercial extenders, in preserving the quality of diluted boar semen stored at 16.5°C till 15 days. We utilised some of the main predictive tests as objectively measured motility, acrosome and sperm membrane integrity, high mitochondrial membrane potential and pH. Based on our in vitro study, SFM could be declared as a good long-term extender, able to preserve spermatozoa quality as well as Androhep Enduraguard for up to 6 to 9 days and more.

37 CFR 1.69 - Foreign language oaths and declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Foreign language oaths and... Declaration § 1.69 Foreign language oaths and declarations. (a) Whenever an individual making an oath or declaration cannot understand English, the oath or declaration must be in a language that such individual can...

37 CFR 1.69 - Foreign language oaths and declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... declaration cannot understand English, the oath or declaration must be in a language that such individual can... declaration relates. (b) Unless the text of any oath or declaration in a language other than English is in a... accompanied by an English translation together with a statement that the translation is accurate, except that...

Metabolic profiling reveals ethylene mediated metabolic changes and a coordinated adaptive mechanism of 'Jonagold' apple to low oxygen stress.

PubMed

Bekele, Elias A; Beshir, Wasiye F; Hertog, Maarten L A T M; Nicolai, Bart M; Geeraerd, Annemie H

2015-11-01

Apples are predominantly stored in controlled atmosphere (CA) storage to delay ripening and prolong their storage life. Profiling the dynamics of metabolic changes during ripening and CA storage is vital for understanding the governing molecular mechanism. In this study, the dynamics of the primary metabolism of 'Jonagold' apples during ripening in regular air (RA) storage and initiation of CA storage was profiled. 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) was exploited to block ethylene receptors and to get insight into ethylene mediated metabolic changes during ripening of the fruit and in response to hypoxic stress. Metabolic changes were quantified in glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, the Yang cycle and synthesis of the main amino acids branching from these metabolic pathways. Partial least square discriminant analysis of the metabolic profiles of 1-MCP treated and control apples revealed a metabolic divergence in ethylene, organic acid, sugar and amino acid metabolism. During RA storage at 18°C, most amino acids were higher in 1-MCP treated apples, whereas 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) was higher in the control apples. The initial response of the fruit to CA initiation was accompanied by an increase of alanine, succinate and glutamate, but a decline in aspartate. Furthermore, alanine and succinate accumulated to higher levels in control apples than 1-MCP treated apples. The observed metabolic changes in these interlinked metabolites may indicate a coordinated adaptive strategy to maximize energy production. © 2015 Scandinavian Plant Physiology Society.

Compression of CCD raw images for digital still cameras

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sriram, Parthasarathy; Sudharsanan, Subramania

2005-03-01

Lossless compression of raw CCD images captured using color filter arrays has several benefits. The benefits include improved storage capacity, reduced memory bandwidth, and lower power consumption for digital still camera processors. The paper discusses the benefits in detail and proposes the use of a computationally efficient block adaptive scheme for lossless compression. Experimental results are provided that indicate that the scheme performs well for CCD raw images attaining compression factors of more than two. The block adaptive method also compares favorably with JPEG-LS. A discussion is provided indicating how the proposed lossless coding scheme can be incorporated into digital still camera processors enabling lower memory bandwidth and storage requirements.

Is all motivation good for learning? Dissociable influences of approach and avoidance motivation in declarative memory.

PubMed

Murty, Vishnu P; LaBar, Kevin S; Hamilton, Derek A; Adcock, R Alison

2011-01-01

The present study investigated the effects of approach versus avoidance motivation on declarative learning. Human participants navigated a virtual reality version of the Morris water task, a classic spatial memory paradigm, adapted to permit the experimental manipulation of motivation during learning. During this task, participants were instructed to navigate to correct platforms while avoiding incorrect platforms. To manipulate motivational states participants were either rewarded for navigating to correct locations (approach) or punished for navigating to incorrect platforms (avoidance). Participants' skin conductance levels (SCLs) were recorded during navigation to investigate the role of physiological arousal in motivated learning. Behavioral results revealed that, overall, approach motivation enhanced and avoidance motivation impaired memory performance compared to nonmotivated spatial learning. This advantage was evident across several performance indices, including accuracy, learning rate, path length, and proximity to platform locations during probe trials. SCL analysis revealed three key findings. First, within subjects, arousal interacted with approach motivation, such that high arousal on a given trial was associated with performance deficits. In addition, across subjects, high arousal negated or reversed the benefits of approach motivation. Finally, low-performing, highly aroused participants showed SCL responses similar to those of avoidance-motivation participants, suggesting that for these individuals, opportunities for reward may evoke states of learning similar to those typically evoked by threats of punishment. These results provide a novel characterization of how approach and avoidance motivation influence declarative memory and indicate a critical and selective role for arousal in determining how reinforcement influences goal-oriented learning.

Is all motivation good for learning? Dissociable influences of approach and avoidance motivation in declarative memory

PubMed Central

Murty, Vishnu P.; LaBar, Kevin S.; Hamilton, Derek A.; Adcock, R. Alison

2011-01-01

The present study investigated the effects of approach versus avoidance motivation on declarative learning. Human participants navigated a virtual reality version of the Morris water task, a classic spatial memory paradigm, adapted to permit the experimental manipulation of motivation during learning. During this task, participants were instructed to navigate to correct platforms while avoiding incorrect platforms. To manipulate motivational states participants were either rewarded for navigating to correct locations (approach) or punished for navigating to incorrect platforms (avoidance). Participants’ skin conductance levels (SCLs) were recorded during navigation to investigate the role of physiological arousal in motivated learning. Behavioral results revealed that, overall, approach motivation enhanced and avoidance motivation impaired memory performance compared to nonmotivated spatial learning. This advantage was evident across several performance indices, including accuracy, learning rate, path length, and proximity to platform locations during probe trials. SCL analysis revealed three key findings. First, within subjects, arousal interacted with approach motivation, such that high arousal on a given trial was associated with performance deficits. In addition, across subjects, high arousal negated or reversed the benefits of approach motivation. Finally, low-performing, highly aroused participants showed SCL responses similar to those of avoidance–motivation participants, suggesting that for these individuals, opportunities for reward may evoke states of learning similar to those typically evoked by threats of punishment. These results provide a novel characterization of how approach and avoidance motivation influence declarative memory and indicate a critical and selective role for arousal in determining how reinforcement influences goal-oriented learning. PMID:22021253

26 CFR 301.6316-6 - Declarations of estimated tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Declarations of estimated tax. 301.6316-6... Declarations of estimated tax. (a) Filing of declaration. A declaration of estimated tax in respect of amounts on which the tax is to be paid in foreign currency under the provisions of § 301.6316-1 shall be...

Cognitive foundations of organizational learning: re-introducing the distinction between declarative and non-declarative knowledge

PubMed Central

Kump, Barbara; Moskaliuk, Johannes; Cress, Ulrike; Kimmerle, Joachim

2015-01-01

Contemporary research into socio-cognitive foundations of organizational learning tends to disregard the distinction between declarative and non-declarative knowledge. By reviewing the literature from organizational learning research and cognitive psychology we explain that this distinction is crucial. We describe the foundations of organizational learning by referring to models that consider the interplay between individual and collective knowledge-related processes in organizations. We highlight the existence of a research gap resulting from the finding that these approaches have widely neglected the existence of different types of knowledge. We then elaborate on characteristics of declarative and non-declarative knowledge in general, consider organizations as structures of distributed cognition, and discuss the relationship between organizational knowledge and practice. Subsequently, we examine the role of declarative and non-declarative knowledge in the context of organizational learning. Here, we analyze (1) the cognitive and social mechanisms underlying the development of declarative and non-declarative knowledge within structures of distributed cognition; and (2) the relationship between alterations in declarative and non-declarative types of knowledge on the one hand and changes in organizational practice on the other. Concluding, we discuss implications of our analysis for organizational learning research. We explain how our integrative perspective may offer starting points for a refined understanding of the sub-processes involved in organizational learning and unlearning and may support a better understanding of practical problems related to organizational learning and change. PMID:26483739

Does the cholinesterase inhibitor, donepezil, benefit both declarative and non-declarative processes in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease?

PubMed

Winstein, Carolee J; Bentzen, Kirk R; Boyd, Lara; Schneider, Lon S

2007-07-01

Previous research suggests separate neural networks for implicit (non-declarative) and explicit (declarative) memory processes. A core cognitive impairment in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a pronounced declarative memory and learning deficit with relative preservation of non-declarative memory. Cholinesterase inhibitors has been purported to enhance cognitive function, and previous clinical trials consistently showed that donepezil, a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), led to statistically significant improvements in cognition and patient function. This prospective pilot study is a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating 10 patients with AD. Our purpose was to examine the relationship between declarative and non-declarative capability with particular emphasis on implicit sequence learning. Patients were assessed at baseline and again at 4-weeks. After participants' baseline data were obtained, each was double-blindly randomized to one of two groups: donepezil or placebo. At baseline participants were tested with two outcome measures (Serial Reaction Time Task, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale). Participants were given either 5 mg donepezil or an identically appearing placebo to be taken nightly for 4 weeks (28 tablets), and then retested. The donepezil group demonstrated a greater likelihood of increases in both non-declarative and declarative processes. The placebo group was mixed without clearly definable trends or patterns. When the data were examined for coincidental changes in the two outcome measures together they are suggestive of a benefit from donepezil treatment for non-declarative and declarative processes.

Assessment of the association between drug disposal practices and drug use and storage behaviors.

PubMed

Akici, Ahmet; Aydin, Volkan; Kiroglu, Arzu

2018-01-01

Keeping unnecessary drugs at home is a situation showing both causes and consequences of irrational use of medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the approaches of a company's employees regarding drug storage, use, and disposal. This online-based descriptive study was held in a multi-centered private-sector company in a voluntary basis. The survey assessing participants' drug handling and storage behaviors was answered by 1121 employees from across eight provinces of Turkey in 2016. Main outcome measures were storage and disposal of unused/unwanted drugs at home in a rational way. The percentage of participants who declared that they keep unused/unwanted drugs at home was 28.0%. About one-third of participants disposed their unused/unwanted drugs via the "garbage, sink, toilet, etc.". Participants ≥30 years old and living with <4 household members significantly tended to bring their unused/unwanted drugs to the company's drug-box. Nearly half of all participants (46.5%) stated a recent change in their disposal behavior. The vast majority of participants (94.6%) who previously took drugs back to the company's drug-box stated that they either had, or would, help their contacts adopt such behaviors. These participants were also significantly less likely to dispose of drugs inappropriately, practice self-medication, be unaware of expired drugs at home, or fail to store drugs according to the labelling. While our findings showed that a substantial number of participants still had unused drugs at home and disposed of them inappropriately, it is understood that they started to exhibit more favorable behaviors in recent years.

The ability of a cold-adapted Rhodotorula mucilaginosa strain from Tibet to control blue mold in pear fruit.

PubMed

Hu, Hao; Yan, Fujie; Wilson, Charles; Shen, Qing; Zheng, Xiaodong

2015-12-01

Cold-adapted yeasts were isolated from soil samples collected in Tibet and evaluated as potential biocontrol agents against blue mold (Penicillium expansum) of pear fruit in cold storage. YC1, an isolate identified as Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, was found to exhibit the greatest biocontrol activity among the different isolates that were screened. A washed cell suspension of YC1 exhibited the best biocontrol activity among three different preparations that were used in the current study. A concentration of 10(8) cells/ml reduced the incidence of decay to 35 %, compared to the control where decay incidence was 100 %. A higher intracellular level of trehalose and a higher proportion of polyunsaturated acids present in YC1, was associated with increased the tolerance of this strain to low temperatures, relative to the other strains that were evaluated. The increased tolerance to low temperature allowed the YC1 strain of yeast to more effectively compete for nutrients and space in wounded pear fruit that had been inoculated with spores of P. expansum and placed in cold storage. The present study demonstrated the ability to select cold-adapted yeasts from cold climates and use them as biocontrol agents of postharvest diseases of fruit placed in cold storage.

Water storage capacity, stemflow and water funneling in Mediterranean shrubs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Garcia-Estringana, P.; Alonso-Blázquez, N.; Alegre, J.

2010-08-01

SummaryTo predict water losses and other hydrological and ecological features of a given vegetation, its water storage capacity and stemflow need to be accurately determined. Vast areas of the Mediterranean region are occupied by shrublands yet there is scarce data available on their rainwater interception capacity. In this study, simulated rainfall tests were conducted in controlled conditions on nine Mediterranean shrubs of varying anatomic and morphological features to determine water storage capacity, stemflow and the funneling ratio. After assessing correlations between these hydrological variables and the biometric characteristics of the shrubs, we compared two methods of determining storage capacity: rainfall simulation and immersion. Mean water storage capacity was 1.02 mm (0.35-3.24 mm), stemflow was 16% (3.8-26.4%) and the funneling ratio was 104 (30-260). Per unit biomass, mean storage capacity was 0.66 ml g -1 and ranged from 0.23 ml g -1 for Cistus ladanifer to 2.26 ml g -1 for Lavandula latifolia. Despite their small size, shrubs may generate high water losses to the atmosphere when they form dense communities and this can have a significant impact in regions where water is scarce. When considered the whole shrubs in absolute terms (ml per plant), water storage capacity and stemflow were correlated to biomass and the dendrometric characteristics of the shrubs, yet in relative terms (expressed per surface area unit or as %), anatomic features such as pubescence, branch rigidity or leaf insertion angle emerged as determining factors. The use of a simple procedure to assess storage capacity was inefficient. The immersion method underestimated storage capacity to a different extent for each species. Some shrubs returned high stemflow values typical of their adaptation to the semiarid climate. In contrast, other shrubs seem to have structures that promote stemflow yet have developed other drought-adaptation mechanisms. In this report, we discuss the ecological and hydrological significance of stemflow and the funneling ratio.

15 CFR 714.3 - Advance declaration requirements for additionally planned production of Schedule 3 chemicals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... a Schedule 3 chemical above the declaration threshold; (ii) You plan to produce at a plant declared...; (iii) You plan to increase the production of a Schedule 3 chemical by declared plants on your plant... production of a Schedule 3 chemical at a declared plant site to an amount above the upper limit of the range...

15 CFR 714.3 - Advance declaration requirements for additionally planned production of Schedule 3 chemicals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... a Schedule 3 chemical above the declaration threshold; (ii) You plan to produce at a plant declared...; (iii) You plan to increase the production of a Schedule 3 chemical by declared plants on your plant... production of a Schedule 3 chemical at a declared plant site to an amount above the upper limit of the range...

15 CFR 714.3 - Advance declaration requirements for additionally planned production of Schedule 3 chemicals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... a Schedule 3 chemical above the declaration threshold; (ii) You plan to produce at a plant declared...; (iii) You plan to increase the production of a Schedule 3 chemical by declared plants on your plant... production of a Schedule 3 chemical at a declared plant site to an amount above the upper limit of the range...

Ventral striatum and the evaluation of memory retrieval strategies.

PubMed

Badre, David; Lebrecht, Sophie; Pagliaccio, David; Long, Nicole M; Scimeca, Jason M

2014-09-01

Adaptive memory retrieval requires mechanisms of cognitive control that facilitate the recovery of goal-relevant information. Frontoparietal systems are known to support control of memory retrieval. However, the mechanisms by which the brain acquires, evaluates, and adapts retrieval strategies remain unknown. Here, we provide evidence that ventral striatal activation tracks the success of a retrieval strategy and correlates with subsequent reliance on that strategy. Human participants were scanned with fMRI while performing a lexical decision task. A rule was provided that indicated the likely semantic category of a target word given the category of a preceding prime. Reliance on the rule improved decision-making, as estimated within a drift diffusion framework. Ventral striatal activation tracked the benefit that relying on the rule had on decision-making. Moreover, activation in ventral striatum correlated with a participant's subsequent reliance on the rule. Taken together, these results support a role for ventral striatum in learning and evaluating declarative retrieval strategies.

High-Resolution Adaptive Optics Retinal Image Analysis at Early Stage Central Areolar Choroidal Dystrophy With PRPH2 Mutation.

PubMed

Gocho, Kiyoko; Akeo, Keiichiro; Itoh, Naoko; Kameya, Shuhei; Hayashi, Takaaki; Katagiri, Satoshi; Gekka, Tamaki; Ohkuma, Yasuhiro; Tsuneoka, Hiroshi; Takahashi, Hiroshi

2016-12-01

To report the clinical features of Japanese patients at Stage 1 and 2 of central areolar choroidal dystrophy (CACD). Five family members had comprehensive ophthalmic examinations including adaptive optics (AO) retinal imaging. Mutation analysis of the PRPH2 gene was performed by Sanger sequencing. The protocol conformed to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the institutional review board of The Jikei University School of Medicine. Four family members had a heterozygous PRPH2 mutation, p.R172Q; however, one member with a mutation did not show any ophthalmological abnormalities. Two patients had mild parafoveal retinal dystrophy and a reduction of cone density determined by AO analysis. The results indicate that the parafoveal cone photoreceptors can be affected even at the early stage of CACD. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2016;47:1115-1126.]. Copyright 2016, SLACK Incorporated.

A contradictory phenomenon of deshelving pulses in a dilute medium used for lengthened photon storage time.

PubMed

Ham, Byoung S

2010-08-16

Lengthening of photon storage time has been an important issue in quantum memories for long distance quantum communications utilizing quantum repeaters. Atom population transfer into an auxiliary spin state has been adapted to increase photon storage time of photon echoes. In this population transfer process phase shift to the collective atoms is inevitable, where the phase recovery condition must be multiple of 2pi to satisfy rephasing mechanism. Recent adaptation of the population transfer method to atomic frequency comb (AFC) echoes [Afzelius et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 040503 (2010)], where the population transfer method is originated in a controlled reversible inhomogeneous broadening technique [Moiseev and Kroll, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 173601 (2001)], however, shows contradictory phenomenon violating the phase recovery condition. This contradiction in AFC is reviewed as a general case of optical locking applied to a dilute medium for an optical depth-dependent coherence leakage resulting in partial retrieval efficiency.

Developmental Dissociation Between the Maturation of Procedural Memory and Declarative Memory

PubMed Central

Finn, Amy S.; Kalra, Priya B.; Goetz, Calvin; Leonard, Julia A.; Sheridan, Margaret A.; Gabrieli, John D. E.

2015-01-01

Declarative memory and procedural memory are known to be two fundamentally different kinds of memory that are dissociable in their psychological characteristics and measurement (explicit versus implicit) and in the neural systems that subserve each kind of memory. Declarative memory abilities are known to improve from childhood through young adulthood, but the developmental maturation of procedural memory is largely unknown. We compared 10-year-old children and young adults on measures of declarative memory, working memory capacity, and four measures of procedural memory that have been strongly dissociated from declarative memory (mirror tracing, rotary pursuit, probabilistic classification, and artificial grammar). Children had lesser declarative memory ability and lesser working memory capacity than the adults, but exhibited learning equivalent to adults on all four measures of procedural memory. Declarative and procedural memory are, therefore, developmentally dissociable, with procedural memory being adult-like by age 10 and declarative memory continuing to mature into young adulthood. PMID:26560675

Adaptation of health care for migrants: whose responsibility?

PubMed

Dauvrin, Marie; Lorant, Vincent

2014-07-08

In a context of increasing ethnic diversity, culturally competent strategies have been recommended to improve care quality and access to health care for ethnic minorities and migrants; their implementation by health professionals, however, has remained patchy. Most programs of cultural competence assume that health professionals accept that they have a responsibility to adapt to migrants, but this assumption has often remained at the level of theory. In this paper, we surveyed health professionals' views on their responsibility to adapt. Five hundred-and-sixty-nine health professionals from twenty-four inpatient and outpatient health services were selected according to their geographic location. All health care professionals were requested to complete a questionnaire about who should adapt to ethnic diversity: health professionals or patients. After a factorial analysis to identify the underlying responsibility dimensions, we performed a multilevel regression model in order to investigate individual and service covariates of responsibility attribution. Three dimensions emerged from the factor analysis: responsibility for the adaptation of communication, responsibility for the adaptation to the negotiation of values, and responsibility for the adaptation to health beliefs. Our results showed that the sense of responsibility for the adaptation of health care depended on the nature of the adaptation required: when the adaptation directly concerned communication with the patient, health professionals declared that they should be the ones to adapt; in relation to cultural preferences, however, the responsibility felt on the patient's shoulders. Most respondents were unclear in relation to adaptation to health beliefs. Regression indicated that being Belgian, not being a physician, and working in a primary-care service were associated with placing the burden of responsibility on the patient. Health care professionals do not consider it to be their responsibility to adapt to ethnic diversity. If health professionals do not feel a responsibility to adapt, they are less likely to be involved in culturally competent health care.

Adaptation of health care for migrants: whose responsibility?

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background In a context of increasing ethnic diversity, culturally competent strategies have been recommended to improve care quality and access to health care for ethnic minorities and migrants; their implementation by health professionals, however, has remained patchy. Most programs of cultural competence assume that health professionals accept that they have a responsibility to adapt to migrants, but this assumption has often remained at the level of theory. In this paper, we surveyed health professionals’ views on their responsibility to adapt. Methods Five hundred-and-sixty-nine health professionals from twenty-four inpatient and outpatient health services were selected according to their geographic location. All health care professionals were requested to complete a questionnaire about who should adapt to ethnic diversity: health professionals or patients. After a factorial analysis to identify the underlying responsibility dimensions, we performed a multilevel regression model in order to investigate individual and service covariates of responsibility attribution. Results Three dimensions emerged from the factor analysis: responsibility for the adaptation of communication, responsibility for the adaptation to the negotiation of values, and responsibility for the adaptation to health beliefs. Our results showed that the sense of responsibility for the adaptation of health care depended on the nature of the adaptation required: when the adaptation directly concerned communication with the patient, health professionals declared that they should be the ones to adapt; in relation to cultural preferences, however, the responsibility felt on the patient’s shoulders. Most respondents were unclear in relation to adaptation to health beliefs. Regression indicated that being Belgian, not being a physician, and working in a primary-care service were associated with placing the burden of responsibility on the patient. Conclusions Health care professionals do not consider it to be their responsibility to adapt to ethnic diversity. If health professionals do not feel a responsibility to adapt, they are less likely to be involved in culturally competent health care. PMID:25005021

Quantifying mountain block recharge by means of catchment-scale storage-discharge relationships

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ajami, Hoori; Troch, Peter A.; Maddock, Thomas, III; Meixner, Thomas; Eastoe, Chris

2011-04-01

Despite the importance of mountainous catchments for providing freshwater resources, especially in semi-arid regions, little is known about key hydrological processes such as mountain block recharge (MBR). Here we implement a data-based method informed by isotopic data to quantify MBR rates using recession flow analysis. We applied our hybrid method in a semi-arid sky island catchment in southern Arizona, United States. Sabino Creek is a 91 km2 catchment with its sources near the summit of the Santa Catalina Mountains northeast of Tucson. Southern Arizona's climate has two distinct wet seasons separated by prolonged dry periods. Winter frontal storms (November-March) provide about 50% of annual precipitation, and summers are dominated by monsoon convective storms from July to September. Isotope analyses of springs and surface water in the Sabino Creek catchment indicate that streamflow during dry periods is derived from groundwater storage in fractured bedrock. Storage-discharge relationships are derived from recession flow analysis to estimate changes in storage during wet periods. To provide reliable estimates, several corrections and improvements to classic base flow recession analysis are considered. These corrections and improvements include adaptive time stepping, data binning, and the choice of storage-discharge functions. Our analysis shows that (1) incorporating adaptive time steps to correct for streamflow measurement errors improves the coefficient of determination, (2) the quantile method is best for streamflow data binning, (3) the choice of the regression model is critical when the stage-discharge function is used to predict changes in bedrock storage beyond the maximum observed flow in the catchment, and (4) the use of daily or night-time hourly streamflow does not affect the form of the storage-discharge relationship but will impact MBR estimates because of differences in the observed range of streamflow in each series.

Inactivation of Heat Adapted and Chlorine Adapted Listeria Monocytogenes ATCC 7644 on Tomatoes Using Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate, Levulinic Acid and Sodium Hypochlorite Solution.

PubMed

Ijabadeniyi, Oluwatosin Ademola; Mnyandu, Elizabeth

2017-04-13

The effectiveness of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), sodium hypochlorite solution and levulinic acid in reducing the survival of heat adapted and chlorine adapted Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644 was evaluated. The results against heat adapted L. monocytognes revealed that sodium hypochlorite solution was the least effective, achieving log reduction of 2.75, 2.94 and 3.97 log colony forming unit (CFU)/mL for 1, 3 and 5 minutes, respectively. SDS was able to achieve 8 log reduction for both heat adapted and chlorine adapted bacteria. When used against chlorine adapted L. monocytogenes sodium hypochlorite solution achieved log reduction of 2.76, 2.93 and 3.65 log CFU/mL for 1, 3 and 5 minutes, respectively. Using levulinic acid on heat adapted bacteria achieved log reduction of 3.07, 2.78 and 4.97 log CFU/mL for 1, 3, 5 minutes, respectively. On chlorine adapted bacteria levulinic acid achieved log reduction of 2.77, 3.07 and 5.21 log CFU/mL for 1, 3 and 5 minutes, respectively. Using a mixture of 0.05% SDS and 0.5% levulinic acid on heat adapted bacteria achieved log reduction of 3.13, 3.32 and 4.79 log CFU/mL for 1, 3 and 5 minutes while on chlorine adapted bacteria it achieved 3.20, 3.33 and 5.66 log CFU/mL, respectively. Increasing contact time also increased log reduction for both test pathogens. A storage period of up to 72 hours resulted in progressive log reduction for both test pathogens. Results also revealed that there was a significant difference (P≤0.05) among contact times, storage times and sanitizers. Findings from this study can be used to select suitable sanitizers and contact times for heat and chlorine adapted L. monocytogenes in the fresh produce industry.

The nature of declarative and nondeclarative knowledge for implicit and explicit learning.

PubMed

Kirkhart, M W

2001-10-01

Using traditional implicit and explicit artificial-grammar learning tasks, the author investigated the similarities and differences between the acquisition of declarative knowledge under implicit and explicit learning conditions and the functions of the declarative knowledge during testing. Results suggested that declarative knowledge was not predictive of or required for implicit learning but was related to consistency in implicit learning performance. In contrast, declarative knowledge was predictive of and required for explicit learning and was related to consistency in performance. For explicit learning, the declarative knowledge functioned as a guide for other behavior. In contrast, for implicit learning, the declarative knowledge did not serve as a guide for behavior but was instead a post hoc description of the most commonly seen stimuli.

Age-related patterns of forest complexity and carbon storage in pine and aspen-birch ecosystems of northern Minnesota, USA

Treesearch

John B. Bradford; Douglas N. Kastendick

2010-01-01

Forest managers are seeking strategies to create stands that can adapt to new climatic conditions and simultaneously help mitigate increases in atmospheric CO2. Adaptation strategies often focus on enhancing resilience by maximizing forest complexity in terms of species composition and size structure, while mitigation involves sustaining carbon...

Adaptive management for subsurface pressure and plume control in application to geological CO2 storage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gonzalez-Nicolas, A.; Cihan, A.; Birkholzer, J. T.; Petrusak, R.; Zhou, Q.; Riestenberg, D. E.; Trautz, R. C.; Godec, M.

2016-12-01

Industrial-scale injection of CO2 into the subsurface can cause reservoir pressure increases that must be properly controlled to prevent any potential environmental impact. Excessive pressure buildup in reservoir may result in ground water contamination stemming from leakage through conductive pathways, such as improperly plugged abandoned wells or distant faults, and the potential for fault reactivation and possibly seal breaching. Brine extraction is a viable approach for managing formation pressure, effective stress, and plume movement during industrial-scale CO2 injection projects. The main objectives of this study are to investigate suitable different pressure management strategies involving active brine extraction and passive pressure relief wells. Adaptive optimized management of CO2 storage projects utilizes the advanced automated optimization algorithms and suitable process models. The adaptive management integrates monitoring, forward modeling, inversion modeling and optimization through an iterative process. In this study, we employ an adaptive framework to understand primarily the effects of initial site characterization and frequency of the model update (calibration) and optimization calculations for controlling extraction rates based on the monitoring data on the accuracy and the success of the management without violating pressure buildup constraints in the subsurface reservoir system. We will present results of applying the adaptive framework to test appropriateness of different management strategies for a realistic field injection project.

Method and apparatus for telemetry adaptive bandwidth compression

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Graham, Olin L.

1987-01-01

Methods and apparatus are provided for automatic and/or manual adaptive bandwidth compression of telemetry. An adaptive sampler samples a video signal from a scanning sensor and generates a sequence of sampled fields. Each field and range rate information from the sensor are hence sequentially transmitted to and stored in a multiple and adaptive field storage means. The field storage means then, in response to an automatic or manual control signal, transfers the stored sampled field signals to a video monitor in a form for sequential or simultaneous display of a desired number of stored signal fields. The sampling ratio of the adaptive sample, the relative proportion of available communication bandwidth allocated respectively to transmitted data and video information, and the number of fields simultaneously displayed are manually or automatically selectively adjustable in functional relationship to each other and detected range rate. In one embodiment, when relatively little or no scene motion is detected, the control signal maximizes sampling ratio and causes simultaneous display of all stored fields, thus maximizing resolution and bandwidth available for data transmission. When increased scene motion is detected, the control signal is adjusted accordingly to cause display of fewer fields. If greater resolution is desired, the control signal is adjusted to increase the sampling ratio.

ACHP | The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples

Science.gov Websites

March 1, 2013, the ACHP took a bold step to adopt a plan to support the U.N. Declaration. One of the commitments in the plan is to inform the historic preservation community about the Declaration. Therefore, we announcing ACHP plan to support the Declaration ACHP Plan to Support the U.N. Declaration on the Rights of

Semantics and pragmatics.

PubMed

McNally, Louise

2013-05-01

The fields of semantics and pragmatics are devoted to the study of conventionalized and context- or use-dependent aspects of natural language meaning, respectively. The complexity of human language as a semiotic system has led to considerable debate about how the semantics/pragmatics distinction should be drawn, if at all. This debate largely reflects contrasting views of meaning as a property of linguistic expressions versus something that speakers do. The fact that both views of meaning are essential to a complete understanding of language has led to a variety of efforts over the last 40 years to develop better integrated and more comprehensive theories of language use and interpretation. The most important advances have included the adaptation of propositional analyses of declarative sentences to interrogative, imperative and exclamative forms; the emergence of dynamic, game theoretic, and multi-dimensional theories of meaning; and the development of various techniques for incorporating context-dependent aspects of content into representations of context-invariant content with the goal of handling phenomena such as vagueness resolution, metaphor, and metonymy. WIREs Cogn Sci 2013, 4:285-297. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1227 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. The authors declare no conflict of interest. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Improving the quality of cognitive behaviour therapy case conceptualization: the role of self-practice/self-reflection.

PubMed

Haarhoff, Beverly; Gibson, Kerry; Flett, Ross

2011-05-01

CBT case conceptualization is considered to be a key competency. Prior to the publication in 2009 of Kuyken, Padesky and Dudley's book, little has been documented concerning methods for training conceptualization skills and the conceptualization process is usually perceived as predominantly an intellectual process. In this paper, the Declarative-Procedural-Reflective model of therapist skill acquisition provides a route to understanding how different kinds of knowledge systems can be integrated to enhance therapist skill acquisition. Sixteen recent graduates of a postgraduate diploma in cognitive behaviour therapy worked independently through a self-practice/self-reflection workbook designed to lead them through a series of CBT interventions commonly used to elicit the information required for a CBT conceptualization. The participants' self-reflections were thematically analyzed and uncovered the following inter-related themes: increased theoretical understanding of the CBT model, self-awareness, empathy, conceptualization of the therapeutic relationship, and adaptation of clinical interventions and practice. A tentative conclusion reached, based on the self-reflections of the participants, was that targeted self-practice/self-reflection enhanced case conceptualization skill by consolidating the Declarative, Procedural and Reflective systems important in therapist skill acquisition. © British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies 2011

Behavior of Salmonella spp. and natural microbiota on fresh-cut dragon fruits at different storage temperatures.

PubMed

Sim, Hui Li; Hong, Yoon-Ki; Yoon, Won Byong; Yuk, Hyun-Gyun

2013-01-01

The aim of this study was to determine survival or growth of unadapted, acid-adapted and cold-stressed Salmonella spp., and natural microbiota on fresh-cut dragon fruits at different storage temperatures. Dragon fruits were sliced and spot inoculated with five-strain cocktail of Salmonella spp. at two inoculum levels (2.5 or 5.5 log CFU/g). Inoculated fruits were stored at 28°C for 48h and at 4°C and 12°C for 96 h. Salmonella population significantly increased by 2.4 to 3.0 log CFU/g at low inoculum level, whereas the numbers increased by 0.4 to 0.7 log CFU/g at the high inoculum level on fruits held at 28°C for 48h. Only unadapted and acid-adapted cells grew with 0.7 to 0.9log increase at the low inoculum level at 12°C for 96h. No significant growth was observed at both inoculum levels during storage at 4°C. Overall, acid, starved and cold adaptation of Salmonella spp. did not show significant difference in survival or growth on fresh-cut dragon fruits during storage compared to unadapted control cells. For natural microbiota on the fruit, mesophilic bacterial counts reached to 5-log CFU/g at 28 and 12°C by 9.9 and 52.9h. Similar with Salmonella spp. there was no growth of natural microbiota at 4°C. These results showed that Salmonella spp. could grow on fresh-cut dragon fruits under inappropriate storage conditions, indicating that fresh-cut dragon fruits could be a potential vehicle for salmonellosis. Thus, this study suggests that fresh-cut dragon fruits should be stored at 4°C to ensure the safety as well as to extend the shelf life of fresh-cut dragon fruits. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

75 FR 60133 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Declaration of Ultimate Consignee That Articles Were...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-29

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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-01

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44 CFR 204.21 - Fire management assistance declaration criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Declaration Process § 204.21 Fire management assistance declaration criteria. (a) Determinations. We will... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Fire management assistance declaration criteria. 204.21 Section 204.21 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT...

44 CFR 204.21 - Fire management assistance declaration criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Declaration Process § 204.21 Fire management assistance declaration criteria. (a) Determinations. We will... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Fire management assistance declaration criteria. 204.21 Section 204.21 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT...

44 CFR 204.21 - Fire management assistance declaration criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

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44 CFR 204.21 - Fire management assistance declaration criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

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44 CFR 204.21 - Fire management assistance declaration criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

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75 FR 65696 - Ohio Disaster #OH-00025 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-26

... Counties: Auglaize, Mercer. Contiguous Counties: Ohio: Allen, Darke, Hardin, Logan, Shelby, Van Wert... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12359] Ohio Disaster OH-00025 Declaration of... Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of Ohio, dated 10/19/2010. Incident: Toxic...

Developmental dissociation between the maturation of procedural memory and declarative memory.

PubMed

Finn, Amy S; Kalra, Priya B; Goetz, Calvin; Leonard, Julia A; Sheridan, Margaret A; Gabrieli, John D E

2016-02-01

Declarative memory and procedural memory are known to be two fundamentally different kinds of memory that are dissociable in their psychological characteristics and measurement (explicit vs. implicit) and in the neural systems that subserve each kind of memory. Declarative memory abilities are known to improve from childhood through young adulthood, but the developmental maturation of procedural memory is largely unknown. We compared 10-year-old children and young adults on measures of declarative memory and working memory capacity and on four measures of procedural memory that have been strongly dissociated from declarative memory (mirror tracing, rotary pursuit, probabilistic classification, and artificial grammar). Children had lesser declarative memory ability and lesser working memory capacity than adults, but children exhibited learning equivalent to adults on all four measures of procedural memory. Therefore, declarative memory and procedural memory are developmentally dissociable, with procedural memory being adult-like by age 10years and declarative memory continuing to mature into young adulthood. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

On the Morphological Adaptations of the Thorax of Sphagniana sphagnorum (Ensifera, Tettigoniidae) that Enable Complex Stridulation via the Forewings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gutierrez, Sara-Jane

Males of the flightless tettigoniid Sphagniana sphagnorum generate a complex two-spectrum signal via stridulation, using acoustically adapted forewings (tegmina). Complex-wave rapidly decaying pulses in trains, made upon the distal half of the file, have a broad-band (17-25 kHz) spectrum; short, spaced, ultrasonic and strongly sinusoidal 35 kHz pulses are emitted as trains over the file's proximal half. I studied how S. sphagnorum tegminal morphology enables the production of these two different spectra with the same forewings. The storage of elastic energy in the scraper is hypothesized to play a key role in driving the scraper over the file at a necessary tooth-contact rate. Scraper morphology indicates structural adaptations enabling storage of elastic energy. Wax loading tested the role of scraper-pit flexibility in scraper movement. Sound levels in resonant spectra were more substantially affected than those associated with broadband generation. Morphology and alignment of pteralia during tegmino-tegminal stridulation is also investigated.

Effect of glucose and cellulase addition on wet-storage of excessively wilted maize stover and biogas production.

PubMed

Guo, Jianbin; Cui, Xian; Sun, Hui; Zhao, Qian; Wen, Xiaoyu; Pang, Changle; Dong, Renjie

2018-07-01

In north China, large amounts of excessively wilted maize stover are produced annually. Maize stover wet storage strategies and subsequent biogas production was examined in this study. Firstly, wet storage performances of harvested maize stover, air-dried for different time durations, were evaluated. Results showed that optimal storage performance was obtained when the initial water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content after air-drying was higher than 8.0%. Therefore, cellulase and glucose were added to the excessively wilted maize stover to achieve the targeted pre-storage WSC levels. Good storage performances were observed in treatments with addition of 76.4 g/kg DM glucose and 12.5 g/kg DM of cellulase; the specific methane yield increased by 23.7% and 19.2%, respectively. However, use of glucose as additive or co-storing with high WSC substrates can serve as economically feasible options to adapt wet storage of excessively wilted maize stover. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

[Nondeclarative memory--neuropsychological findings and neuroanatomic principles].

PubMed

Daum, I; Ackermann, H

1997-03-01

The contents of long-term memory will influence behaviour, even if the acquired knowledge or the original learning episode are not remembered. These phenomena have been termed "non-declarative" or "implicit" memory, and they are contrasted with "declarative" or "explicit" memory which is characterised by conscious search and retrieval procedures. Non-declarative memory encompasses non-associative learning, simple conditioning, priming effects as well as motor, perceptual and cognitive skill acquisition. The dissociation of both forms of memory is documented by studies in health subjects which indicated that experimental manipulations or drugs may differentially affect declarative and non-declarative memory processes. Damage to the medial temporal or the medial thalamic regions is known to result in declarative memory deficits whereas non-declarative memory is largely unaffected by such lesions. Animal research and clinical findings indicate that several components of non-declarative memory such as motor and cognitive skill acquisition or certain types of classical conditioning are dependent upon the integrity of the basal ganglia or the cerebellum. These issues are therefore of increasing importance for the understanding of extrapyramidal and cerebellar diseases. This paper presents recent neuropsychological findings and neuroanatomical data relating to the issue of non-declarative memory.

Revising psychoanalytic interpretations of the past. An examination of declarative and non-declarative memory processes.

PubMed

Davis, J T

2001-06-01

The author reviews a contemporary cognitive psychology perspective on memory that views memory as being composed of multiple separate systems. Most researchers draw a fundamental distinction between declarative/explicit and non-declarative/implicit forms of memory. Declarative memory is responsible for the conscious recollection of facts and events--what is typically meant by the everyday and the common psychoanalytic use of the word 'memory'. Non-declarative forms of memory, in contrast, are specialised processes that influence experience and behaviour without representing the past in terms of any consciously accessible content. They operate outside of an individual's awareness, but are not repressed or otherwise dynamically unconscious. Using this theoretical framework, the question of how childhood relationship experiences are carried forward from the past to influence the present is examined. It is argued that incorporating a conceptualisation of non-declarative memory processing into psychoanalytic theory is essential. Non-declarative memory processes are capable of forming complex and sophisticated representations of the interpersonal world. These non-declarative memory processes exert a major impact on interpersonal experience and behaviour that needs to be analysed on its own terms and not mistakenly viewed as a form of resistance.

78 FR 73581 - Massachusetts Disaster #MA-00057 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-06

... Declaration of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts... given that as a result of the Administrator's EIDL declaration, applications for economic injury...

17 CFR 250.22 - Applications and declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... § 250.22 Applications and declarations. (a) Joinder. As far as practicable combined or joint applications or declarations shall be filed with respect to the same or related transactions or where related... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Applications and declarations...

49 CFR 374.405 - Baggage excess value declaration procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Baggage excess value declaration procedures. 374... REGULATIONS PASSENGER CARRIER REGULATIONS Notice of and Procedures for Baggage Excess Value Declaration § 374.405 Baggage excess value declaration procedures. All motor common carriers of passengers and baggage...

77 FR 58901 - California Disaster #CA-00192; Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-24

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13290] California Disaster CA-00192; Declaration of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of California, dated 09/14...

77 FR 58901 - California Disaster #CA-00193; Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-24

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13291] California Disaster CA-00193; Declaration of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of California, dated 09/14...

78 FR 67209 - Florida Disaster #FL-00094 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-08

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13804] Florida Disaster FL-00094 Declaration of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of Florida, dated 10/31/2013...

Robust hippocampal responsivity during retrieval of consolidated associative memory.

PubMed

Hattori, Shoai; Chen, Lillian; Weiss, Craig; Disterhoft, John F

2015-05-01

A contentious point in memory research is whether or not the hippocampus plays a time-limited role in the consolidation of declarative memories. A widely held view is that declarative memories are initially encoded in the hippocampus, then transferred to the neocortex for long-term storage. Alternate views argue instead that the hippocampus continues to play a role in remote memory recall. These competing theories are largely based on human amnesic and animal lesion/inactivation studies. However, in vivo electrophysiological evidence supporting these views is scarce. Given that other studies examining the role of the hippocampus in remote memory retrieval using lesion and imaging techniques in human and animal models have provided mixed results, it would be particularly useful to gain insight at the in vivo electrophysiological level. Here we report hippocampal single-neuron and theta activity recorded longitudinally during acquisition and remote retrieval of trace eyeblink conditioning. Results from conditioned rabbits were compared to those obtained from yoked pseudo-conditioned control rabbits. Results reveal continued learning-specific hippocampal activity one month after initial acquisition of the task. Our findings yield insight into the normal physiological responses of the hippocampus during memory processes and provide compelling in vivo electrophysiological evidence that the hippocampus is involved in both acquisition and retrieval of consolidated memories. © 2014 The Authors Hippocampus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Distinct Consolidation Outcomes in a Visuomotor Adaptation Task: Off-Line Leaning and Persistent After-Effect

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trempe, Maxime; Proteau, Luc

2010-01-01

Consolidation is a time-dependent process responsible for the storage of information in long-term memory. As such, it plays a crucial role in motor learning. In two experiments, we sought to determine whether one's performance influences the outcome of the consolidation process. We used a visuomotor adaptation task in which the cursor moved by the…

Adaptive Benefits of Storage Strategy and Dual AMPK/TOR Signaling in Metabolic Stress Response

PubMed Central

Pfeuty, Benjamin; Thommen, Quentin

2016-01-01

Cellular metabolism must ensure that supply of nutrient meets the biosynthetic and bioenergetic needs. Cells have therefore developed sophisticated signaling and regulatory pathways in order to cope with dynamic fluctuations of both resource and demand and to regulate accordingly diverse anabolic and catabolic processes. Intriguingly, these pathways are organized around a relatively small number of regulatory hubs, such as the highly conserved AMPK and TOR kinase families in eukaryotic cells. Here, the global metabolic adaptations upon dynamic environment are investigated using a prototypical model of regulated metabolism. In this model, the optimal enzyme profiles as well as the underlying regulatory architecture are identified by combining perturbation and evolutionary methods. The results reveal the existence of distinct classes of adaptive strategies, which differ in the management of storage reserve depending on the intensity of the stress and in the regulation of ATP-producing reaction depending on the nature of the stress. The regulatory architecture that optimally implements these adaptive features is characterized by a crosstalk between two specialized signaling pathways, which bears close similarities with the sensing and regulatory properties of AMPK and TOR pathways. PMID:27505075

78 FR 69101 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Declaration of the Ultimate Consignee That Articles...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-18

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77 FR 76063 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Declaration for Free Entry of Unaccompanied Articles

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-26

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78 FR 40819 - Washington Disaster # WA-00038 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-08

... Declaration of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of Washington, dated 06/27... given that as a result of the Administrator's EIDL declaration, applications for economic injury...

78 FR 61442 - California Disaster #CA-00213 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-03

... Declaration of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of California, dated 09/26... given that as a result of the Administrator's EIDL declaration, applications for economic injury...

44 CFR 204.26 - Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.26 Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. (a... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. 204.26 Section 204.26 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY...

44 CFR 204.26 - Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.26 Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. (a... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. 204.26 Section 204.26 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY...

44 CFR 204.26 - Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.26 Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. (a... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. 204.26 Section 204.26 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY...

44 CFR 204.26 - Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.26 Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. (a... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2012-10-01 2011-10-01 true Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. 204.26 Section 204.26 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY...

44 CFR 204.26 - Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.26 Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. (a... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Appeal of fire management assistance declaration denial. 204.26 Section 204.26 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY...

39 CFR 946.11 - Disposition of property declared abandoned.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... DISPOSITION OF STOLEN MAIL MATTER AND PROPERTY ACQUIRED BY THE POSTAL INSPECTION SERVICE FOR USE AS EVIDENCE § 946.11 Disposition of property declared abandoned. Property declared abandoned, including cash, and... 39 Postal Service 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Disposition of property declared abandoned. 946.11...

39 CFR 946.11 - Disposition of property declared abandoned.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... DISPOSITION OF STOLEN MAIL MATTER AND PROPERTY ACQUIRED BY THE POSTAL INSPECTION SERVICE FOR USE AS EVIDENCE § 946.11 Disposition of property declared abandoned. Property declared abandoned, including cash, and... 39 Postal Service 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Disposition of property declared abandoned. 946.11...

75 FR 54661 - Alaska Disaster #AK-00018 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-08

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12292] Alaska Disaster AK-00018 Declaration of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of Alaska, dated 08/27/2010. Incident...

77 FR 71667 - Alaska Disaster #AK-00026 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-03

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13393] Alaska Disaster AK-00026 Declaration of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of Alaska, dated 11/21/2012. Incident: 2012...

The linguistic roots of natural pedagogy.

PubMed

Mattos, Otávio; Hinzen, Wolfram

2015-01-01

Natural pedagogy is a human-specific capacity that allows us to acquire cultural information from communication even before the emergence of the first words, encompassing three core elements: (i) a sensitivity to ostensive signals like eye contact that indicate to infants that they are being addressed through communication, (ii) a subsequent referential expectation (satisfied by the use of declarative gestures) and (iii) a biased interpretation of ostensive-referential communication as conveying relevant information about the referent's kind (Csibra and Gergely, 2006, 2009, 2011). Remarkably, the link between natural pedagogy and another human-specific capacity, namely language, has rarely been investigated in detail. We here argue that children's production and comprehension of declarative gestures around 10 months of age are in fact expressions of an evolving faculty of language. Through both declarative gestures and ostensive signals, infants can assign the roles of third, second, and first person, building the 'deictic space' that grounds both natural pedagogy and language use. Secondly, we argue that the emergence of two kinds of linguistic structures (i.e., proto-determiner phrases and proto-sentences) in the one-word period sheds light on the different kinds of information that children can acquire or convey at different stages of development (namely, generic knowledge about kinds and knowledge about particular events/actions/state of affairs, respectively). Furthermore, the development of nominal and temporal reference in speech allows children to cognize information in terms of spatial and temporal relations. In this way, natural pedagogy transpires as an inherent aspect of our faculty of language, rather than as an independent adaptation that pre-dates language in evolution or development (Csibra and Gergely, 2006). This hypothesis is further testable through predictions it makes on the different linguistic profiles of toddlers with developmental disorders.

The linguistic roots of natural pedagogy

PubMed Central

Mattos, Otávio; Hinzen, Wolfram

2015-01-01

Natural pedagogy is a human-specific capacity that allows us to acquire cultural information from communication even before the emergence of the first words, encompassing three core elements: (i) a sensitivity to ostensive signals like eye contact that indicate to infants that they are being addressed through communication, (ii) a subsequent referential expectation (satisfied by the use of declarative gestures) and (iii) a biased interpretation of ostensive-referential communication as conveying relevant information about the referent’s kind (Csibra and Gergely, 2006, 2009, 2011). Remarkably, the link between natural pedagogy and another human-specific capacity, namely language, has rarely been investigated in detail. We here argue that children’s production and comprehension of declarative gestures around 10 months of age are in fact expressions of an evolving faculty of language. Through both declarative gestures and ostensive signals, infants can assign the roles of third, second, and first person, building the ‘deictic space’ that grounds both natural pedagogy and language use. Secondly, we argue that the emergence of two kinds of linguistic structures (i.e., proto-determiner phrases and proto-sentences) in the one-word period sheds light on the different kinds of information that children can acquire or convey at different stages of development (namely, generic knowledge about kinds and knowledge about particular events/actions/state of affairs, respectively). Furthermore, the development of nominal and temporal reference in speech allows children to cognize information in terms of spatial and temporal relations. In this way, natural pedagogy transpires as an inherent aspect of our faculty of language, rather than as an independent adaptation that pre-dates language in evolution or development (Csibra and Gergely, 2006). This hypothesis is further testable through predictions it makes on the different linguistic profiles of toddlers with developmental disorders. PMID:26441794

Cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is a response gene involved in porcine adipocyte adaptation to heat stress.

PubMed

Qu, Huan; Ajuwon, Kolapo M

2018-05-04

Heat stress (HS) leads to increased lipid storage and expression of cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1) in pig adipocytes. However, the importance of PCK1 activation and lipid storage in the adaptive response to HS is unknown. Therefore, in vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of PCK1 inhibition with 3-mercaptopicolinic acid (3MPA) on lipid storage and adipocyte response during HS. In vitro culture of adipocytes under HS (41.0 °C) increased (P < 0.05) triacylglycerol accumulation compared with control (37.0 °C). HS increased (P < 0.05) reactive oxygen species level and 3MPA further upregulated (P < 0.05) its level. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene expression was induced (P < 0.05) by HS compared to control, and PCK1 inhibition with 3MPA attenuated (P < 0.05) its induction by HS. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) was also upregulated by HS and 3MPA further upregulated (P < 0.05) CHOP mRNA level. These results suggest that with inhibition of PCK1 during HS, in vitro cultured adipocytes were less able to induce adaptive responses such as upregulation of HSP70 and triglycerides, and this exacerbated ER stress during HS. Thus, PCK1 may function to alleviate ER stress that occurs during HS.

The Intrauterine Growth Restriction Phenotype: Fetal Adaptations and Potential Implications for Later Life Insulin Resistance and Diabetes

PubMed Central

Thorn, Stephanie R.; Rozance, Paul J.; Brown, Laura D.; Hay, William W.

2011-01-01

The intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) fetus develops unique metabolic adaptations in response to exposure to reduced nutrient supply. These adaptations provide survival value for the fetus by enhancing the capacity of the fetus to take up and use nutrients, thereby reducing the need for nutrient supply. Each organ and tissue in the fetus adapts differently, with the brain showing the greatest capacity for maintaining nutrient supply and growth. Such adaptations, if persistent, also have the potential in later life to promote nutrient uptake and storage, which directly lead to complications of obesity, insulin resistance, reduced insulin production, and type 2 diabetes. PMID:21710398

Transmission and storage of medical images with patient information.

PubMed

Acharya U, Rajendra; Subbanna Bhat, P; Kumar, Sathish; Min, Lim Choo

2003-07-01

Digital watermarking is a technique of hiding specific identification data for copyright authentication. This technique is adapted here for interleaving patient information with medical images, to reduce storage and transmission overheads. The text data is encrypted before interleaving with images to ensure greater security. The graphical signals are interleaved with the image. Two types of error control-coding techniques are proposed to enhance reliability of transmission and storage of medical images interleaved with patient information. Transmission and storage scenarios are simulated with and without error control coding and a qualitative as well as quantitative interpretation of the reliability enhancement resulting from the use of various commonly used error control codes such as repetitive, and (7,4) Hamming code is provided.

19 CFR 4.75 - Incomplete manifest; incomplete export declarations; bond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 1302-A (see § 4.63) in accordance with 46 U.S.C. 91, or all required shipper's export declarations (see... declarations; bond. 4.75 Section 4.75 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND... export declarations have been filed with the port director: Albania Bulgaria Cambodia China, People's...

19 CFR 4.75 - Incomplete manifest; incomplete export declarations; bond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 1302-A (see § 4.63) in accordance with 46 U.S.C. 91, or all required shipper's export declarations (see... declarations; bond. 4.75 Section 4.75 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND... export declarations have been filed with the port director: Albania Bulgaria Cambodia China, People's...

19 CFR 4.75 - Incomplete manifest; incomplete export declarations; bond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 1302-A (see § 4.63) in accordance with 46 U.S.C. 91, or all required shipper's export declarations (see... declarations; bond. 4.75 Section 4.75 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND... export declarations have been filed with the port director: Albania Bulgaria Cambodia China, People's...

19 CFR 4.75 - Incomplete manifest; incomplete export declarations; bond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 1302-A (see § 4.63) in accordance with 46 U.S.C. 91, or all required shipper's export declarations (see... declarations; bond. 4.75 Section 4.75 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND... export declarations have been filed with the port director: Albania Bulgaria Cambodia China, People's...

15 CFR 712.3 - Initial declaration requirements for declared facilities which are engaged in the production of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Foreign Trade (Continued) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION REGULATIONS ACTIVITIES INVOLVING SCHEDULE 1 CHEMICALS § 712.3 Initial declaration requirements for... declared facilities which are engaged in the production of Schedule 1 chemicals for purposes not prohibited...

21 CFR 1313.23 - Distribution of export declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Distribution of export declaration. 1313.23... EXPORTATION OF LIST I AND LIST II CHEMICALS Exportation of Listed Chemicals § 1313.23 Distribution of export declaration. The required three copies of the listed chemical export declaration (DEA Form 486) will be...

Event-Related Potential Correlates of Declarative and Non-Declarative Sequence Knowledge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ferdinand, Nicola K.; Runger, Dennis; Frensch, Peter A.; Mecklinger, Axel

2010-01-01

The goal of the present study was to demonstrate that declarative and non-declarative knowledge acquired in an incidental sequence learning task contributes differentially to memory retrieval and leads to dissociable ERP signatures in a recognition memory task. For this purpose, participants performed a sequence learning task and were classified…

19 CFR 145.11 - Declarations of value and invoices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Declarations of value and invoices. 145.11 Section... value and invoices. (a) Customs declaration. A clear and complete Customs declaration on the form provided by the foreign post office, giving a full and accurate description of the contents and value of...

15 CFR 712.3 - Initial declaration requirements for declared facilities which are engaged in the production of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Foreign Trade (Continued) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION REGULATIONS ACTIVITIES INVOLVING SCHEDULE 1 CHEMICALS § 712.3 Initial declaration requirements for... declared facilities which are engaged in the production of Schedule 1 chemicals for purposes not prohibited...

24 CFR 203.493 - Declaration of trust.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Declaration of trust. 203.493... Declaration of trust. A sale of a beneficial interest in a group of insured loans, where the interest to be... be made only pursuant to a declaration of trust, which has been approved by the Commissioner prior to...

24 CFR 203.434 - Declaration of trust.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Declaration of trust. 203.434... Mortgage § 203.434 Declaration of trust. A sale of a beneficial interest in a group of insured mortgages... interest in a specific mortgage shall be made only pursuant to a declaration of trust, which has been...

The revision of the Declaration of Helsinki: past, present and future.

PubMed

Carlson, Robert V; Boyd, Kenneth M; Webb, David J

2004-06-01

The World Medical Association's Declaration of Helsinki was first adopted in 1964. In its 40-year lifetime the Declaration has been revised five times and has risen to a position of prominence as a guiding statement of ethical principles for doctors involved in medical research. The most recent revision, however, has resulted in considerable controversy, particularly in the area of the ethical requirements surrounding placebo-controlled trials and the question of responsibilities to research participants at the end of a study. This review considers the past versions of the Declaration of Helsinki and asks the question: How exactly has the text of the Declaration changed throughout its lifetime? Regarding the present form of the Declaration of Helsinki we ask: What are the major changes in the most recent revision and what are the controversies surrounding them? Finally, building on the detailed review of the past and present versions of the Declaration of Helsinki, we give consideration to some of the possible future trajectories for the Declaration in the light of its history and standing in the world of the ethics of medical research.

Infrastructure Systems for Advanced Computing in E-science applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Terzo, Olivier

2013-04-01

In the e-science field are growing needs for having computing infrastructure more dynamic and customizable with a model of use "on demand" that follow the exact request in term of resources and storage capacities. The integration of grid and cloud infrastructure solutions allows us to offer services that can adapt the availability in terms of up scaling and downscaling resources. The main challenges for e-sciences domains will on implement infrastructure solutions for scientific computing that allow to adapt dynamically the demands of computing resources with a strong emphasis on optimizing the use of computing resources for reducing costs of investments. Instrumentation, data volumes, algorithms, analysis contribute to increase the complexity for applications who require high processing power and storage for a limited time and often exceeds the computational resources that equip the majority of laboratories, research Unit in an organization. Very often it is necessary to adapt or even tweak rethink tools, algorithms, and consolidate existing applications through a phase of reverse engineering in order to adapt them to a deployment on Cloud infrastructure. For example, in areas such as rainfall monitoring, meteorological analysis, Hydrometeorology, Climatology Bioinformatics Next Generation Sequencing, Computational Electromagnetic, Radio occultation, the complexity of the analysis raises several issues such as the processing time, the scheduling of tasks of processing, storage of results, a multi users environment. For these reasons, it is necessary to rethink the writing model of E-Science applications in order to be already adapted to exploit the potentiality of cloud computing services through the uses of IaaS, PaaS and SaaS layer. An other important focus is on create/use hybrid infrastructure typically a federation between Private and public cloud, in fact in this way when all resources owned by the organization are all used it will be easy with a federate cloud infrastructure to add some additional resources form the Public cloud for following the needs in term of computational and storage resources and release them where process are finished. Following the hybrid model, the scheduling approach is important for managing both cloud models. Thanks to this model infrastructure every time resources are available for additional request in term of IT capacities that can used "on demand" for a limited time without having to proceed to purchase additional servers.

Disaster declarations associated with bushfires, floods and storms in New South Wales, Australia between 2004 and 2014

PubMed Central

Sewell, T.; Stephens, R. E.; Dominey-Howes, D.; Bruce, E.; Perkins-Kirkpatrick, S.

2016-01-01

Australia regularly experiences disasters triggered by natural hazards and New South Wales (NSW) the most populous State is no exception. To date, no publically available spatial and temporal analyses of disaster declarations triggered by hazards (specifically, bushfires, floods and storms) in NSW have been undertaken and no studies have explored the relationship between disaster occurrence and socio-economic disadvantage. We source, collate and analyse data about bushfire, flood and storm disaster declarations between 2004 and 2014. Floods resulted in the most frequent type of disaster declaration. The greatest number of disaster declarations occurred in 2012–2013. Whilst no significant Spearman’s correlation exists between bushfire, flood and storm disaster declarations and the strength of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phase, we observe that bushfire disaster declarations were much more common during El Niño, and flood disaster declarations were five times more common during La Niña phases. We identify a spatial cluster or ‘hot spot’ of disaster declarations in the northeast of the State that is also spatially coincident with 43% of the most socio-economically disadvantaged Local Government Areas in NSW. The results have implications for disaster risk management in the State. PMID:27819298

Solar heating and hot water system installed at Southeast of Saline, Unified School District 306, Mentor, Kansas

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1979-01-01

The solar system, installed in a new building, was designed to provide 52 percent of the estimated annual space heating load and 84 percent of the estimated annual potable hot water requirement. The liquid flat plate collectors are ground-mounted and cover a total area of 5125 square feet. The system will provide supplemental heat for the school's closed-loop water-to-air heat pump system and domestic hot water. The storage medium is water inside steel tanks with a capacity of 11,828 gallons for space heating and 1,600 gallons for domestic hot water. The solar heating facility is described and drawings are presented of the completed system which was declared operational in September 1978, and has functioned successfully since.

Designing adaptive operating rules for a large multi-purpose reservoir

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Geressu, Robel; Rougé, Charles; Harou, Julien

2017-04-01

Reservoirs whose live storage capacity is large compared with annual inflow have "memory", i.e., their storage levels contain information about past inflows and reservoir operations. Such "long-memory" reservoirs can be found in basins in dry regions such as the Nile River Basin in Africa, the Colorado River Basin in the US, or river basins in Western and Central Asia. There the effects of a dry year have the potential to impact reservoir levels and downstream releases for several subsequent years, prompting tensions in transboundary basins. Yet, current reservoir operation rules in those reservoirs do not reflect this by integrating past climate history and release decisions among the factors that influence operating decisions. This work proposes and demonstrates an adaptive reservoir operating rule that explicitly accounts for the recent history of release decisions, and not only current storage level and near-term inflow forecasts. This implies adding long-term (e.g., multiyear) objectives to the existing short-term (e.g., annual) ones. We apply these operating rules to the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, a large reservoir under construction on the Blue Nile River. Energy generation has to be balanced with the imperative of releasing enough water in low flow years (e.g., the minimum 1, 2 or 3 year cumulative flow) to avoid tensions with downstream countries, Sudan and Egypt. Maximizing the minimum multi-year releases could be of interest for the Nile problem to minimize the impact on performance of the large High Aswan Dam in Egypt. Objectives include maximizing the average and minimum annual energy generation and maximizing the minimum annual, two year and three year cumulative releases. The system model is tested using 30 stochastically generated streamflow series. One can then derive adaptive release rules depending on the value of one- and two-year total releases with respect to thresholds. Then, there are 3 sets of release rules for the reservoir depending on whether one or both thresholds are not met, vs. only one with a non-adaptive rule. Multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) are used to obtain the Pareto front, i.e., non-dominated adaptive and non-adaptive operating rule sets. Implementing adaptive rules is found to improve the trade-offs between energy generation criteria and minimum release targets. Compared with non-adaptive operations, an adaptive operating policy shows an increase of around 3 and 10 Billion cubic meters in the minimum 1 and 3-year cumulative releases for a given value of the same average annual energy generation.

House microbiotas as sources of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts in traditional Italian sourdoughs.

PubMed

Minervini, Fabio; Lattanzi, Anna; De Angelis, Maria; Celano, Giuseppe; Gobbetti, Marco

2015-12-01

This study aimed at understanding the extent of contamination by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts from the house microbiotas during sourdough back-slopping. Besides sourdoughs, wall, air, storage box, dough mixer and flour of four bakeries were analyzed. Based on plate counts, LAB and yeasts dominated the house microbiota. Based on high throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes, flour harbored the highest number of Firmicutes, but only few of them adapted to storage box, dough mixer and sourdough. Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis showed the highest abundance in dough mixer and sourdoughs. Lactobacillus plantarum persisted only in storage box, dough mixer and sourdough of two bakeries. Weissella cibaria also showed higher adaptability in sourdough than in bakery equipment, suggesting that flour is the main origin of this species. Based on 18S rRNA data, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was the dominant yeast in house and sourdough microbiotas, excepted one bakery dominated by Kazachstania exigua. The results of this study suggest that the dominant species of sourdough LAB and yeasts dominated also the house microbiota. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A Unified Algebraic and Logic-Based Framework Towards Safe Routing Implementations

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-08-13

Software - defined Networks ( SDN ). We developed a declarative platform for implementing SDN protocols using declarative...and debugging several SDN applications. Example-based SDN synthesis. Recent emergence of software - defined networks offers an opportunity to design...domain of Software - defined Networks ( SDN ). We developed a declarative platform for implementing SDN protocols using declarative networking

Investigating the Contribution of Procedural and Declarative Memory to the Acquisition of Past Tense Morphology: Evidence from Finnish

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kidd, Evan; Kirjavainen, Minna

2011-01-01

The present paper reports on a study that investigated the role of procedural and declarative memory in the acquisition of Finnish past tense morphology. Two competing models were tested. Ullman's (2004) declarative/procedural model predicts that procedural memory supports the acquisition of regular morphology, whereas declarative memory supports…

77 FR 32022 - Direct Final Negative Declaration and Withdrawal of Large Municipal Waste Combustors State Plan...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-31

... Negative Declaration and Withdrawal of Large Municipal Waste Combustors State Plan for Designated.... SUMMARY: EPA is taking direct final action to approve Illinois' negative declaration and request for EPA..., the state may submit a letter of certification to that effect, or a negative declaration, in lieu of a...

15 CFR 711.8 - How to request authorization from BIS to make electronic submissions of declarations or reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... to make electronic submissions of declarations or reports. 711.8 Section 711.8 Commerce and Foreign..., REPORTING, AND ADVANCE NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS, AND THE ELECTRONIC FILING OF DECLARATIONS AND REPORTS § 711.8 How to request authorization from BIS to make electronic submissions of declarations or reports...

15 CFR 711.8 - How to request authorization from BIS to make electronic submissions of declarations or reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... to make electronic submissions of declarations or reports. 711.8 Section 711.8 Commerce and Foreign..., REPORTING, AND ADVANCE NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS, AND THE ELECTRONIC FILING OF DECLARATIONS AND REPORTS § 711.8 How to request authorization from BIS to make electronic submissions of declarations or reports...

15 CFR 711.8 - How to request authorization from BIS to make electronic submissions of declarations or reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... to make electronic submissions of declarations or reports. 711.8 Section 711.8 Commerce and Foreign..., REPORTING, AND ADVANCE NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS, AND THE ELECTRONIC FILING OF DECLARATIONS AND REPORTS § 711.8 How to request authorization from BIS to make electronic submissions of declarations or reports...

15 CFR 711.8 - How to request authorization from BIS to make electronic submissions of declarations or reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... to make electronic submissions of declarations or reports. 711.8 Section 711.8 Commerce and Foreign..., REPORTING, AND ADVANCE NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS, AND THE ELECTRONIC FILING OF DECLARATIONS AND REPORTS § 711.8 How to request authorization from BIS to make electronic submissions of declarations or reports...

19 CFR 4.7 - Inward foreign manifest; production on demand; contents and form; advance filing of cargo...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

...; contents and form; advance filing of cargo declaration. 4.7 Section 4.7 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND... and form; advance filing of cargo declaration. (a) The master of every vessel arriving in the United..., and the following documents: (1) Cargo Declaration, Customs Form 1302, (2) Ship's Stores Declaration...

19 CFR 4.7 - Inward foreign manifest; production on demand; contents and form; advance filing of cargo...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

...; contents and form; advance filing of cargo declaration. 4.7 Section 4.7 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND... and form; advance filing of cargo declaration. (a) The master of every vessel arriving in the United..., and the following documents: (1) Cargo Declaration, Customs Form 1302, (2) Ship's Stores Declaration...

Teaching the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in a U.S. Government Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosen, Philip

1990-01-01

Discusses the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a vehicle for learning democratic and humanistic values. Provides goals for instruction about the Declaration. Compares the Declaration to U.S. Supreme Court cases and congressional acts, and suggests classroom activities using it. Includes an appendix on Supreme Court cases and…

26 CFR 1.6016-2 - Contents of declaration of estimated tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... income tax after the exemption and the credits, if any, should be filed as a tentative declaration within... 26 Internal Revenue 13 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Contents of declaration of estimated tax. 1... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Tax Returns Or Statements § 1.6016-2 Contents of declaration...

A World Worth Living in ICAE 8th World Assembly Declaration (June 2011)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adult Learning, 2012

2012-01-01

This article presents the International Council of Adult Education (ICAE) 8th World Assembly Declaration (June 2011). This declaration focuses on adult educators' conviction in the possibility of a "world worth living in," and their declaration of their collective determination to work towards making it a reality all around the planet.

Declarations on euthanasia and assisted dying.

PubMed

Inbadas, Hamilton; Zaman, Shahaduz; Whitelaw, Sandy; Clark, David

2017-10-01

Declarations on end-of-life issues are advocacy interventions that seek to influence policy, raise awareness and call others to action. Despite increasing prominence, they have attracted little attention from researchers. This study tracks the emergence, content, and purpose of declarations concerned with assisted dying and euthanasia, in the global context. The authors identified 62 assisted dying/euthanasia declarations covering 1974-2016 and analyzed them for originating organization, geographic scope, format, and stated viewpoint on assisted dying/euthanasia. The declarations emerged from diverse organizational settings and became more frequent over time. Most opposed assisted dying/euthanasia.

Study of quality and stability of ursodeoxycholic acid formulations for oral pediatric administration.

PubMed

Santoveña, A; Sánchez-Negrín, E; Charola, L; Llabrés, M; Fariña, J B

2014-12-30

This paper describes a rational method of characterizing the biopharmaceutical stability of two oral suspensions of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) used in pediatrics. Because there is no commercial presentation of UDCA that can administer appropriate doses for infants and children, an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) formulation is required. Due to its very low solubility and low dose in the formula (1.5%), two different suspensions with minimal use of excipients were studied, avoiding the use of complex additives and those not recommended by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Adherence to Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) allows the preparation of formulations with appropriately sized and stable particles, and suitable rheological behavior in withdrawing the dose after stirring. Dose uniformity, expressed as mass and content variability, was determined using the criteria of the European and the United States Pharmacopoeia. Additionally, dose content variation of every mass determined was studied. A rational method was developed for determining the dose uniformity of UDCA in suspensions, whether freshly prepared or after storage under different conditions for 30 and 60 days. This method permits detection of differences between doses taken at different heights in the vessel at various times and storage conditions. UDCA was stable under all conditions studied, requiring the presence of glycerol in the formulation to obtain the declared API value after stirring. Storage of UDCA suspensions in a refrigerator increased variability between doses. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The SMART MIL-STD-1553 bus adapter hardware manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ton, T. T.

1981-01-01

The SMART Multiplexer Interface Adapter, (SMIA) a complete system interface for message structure of the MIL-STD-1553, is described. It provides buffering and storage for transmitted and received data and handles all the necessary handshaking to interface between parallel 8-bit data bus and a MIL-STD serial bit stream. The bus adapter is configured as either a bus controller of a remote terminal interface. It is coupled directly to the multiplex bus, or stub coupled through an additional isolation transformer located at the connection point. Fault isolation resistors provide short circuit protection.

Declaring Conflict of Interest - Current State of Affairs in the Ophthalmic Literature.

PubMed

Schaefer, Jamie Lea; Aubert Bonn, Noemie; Craenen, Geert

2017-01-01

The importance of transparency with financial ties in biomedical research is widely recognized, and most peer-reviewed journals require declarations of Conflicts of Interest (COI). Nonetheless, variability in the consistency of declarations of COI has been sparsely assessed. To assess consistency and rates of COI declarations in the ophthalmic literature and the effectiveness of journal COI policies. We analyzed consistency and completeness of declaration of COI in the ophthalmic literature and compared the levels of completeness to specific journal requirements. Six-hundred forty-two peer reviewed articles satisfied the inclusion criteria. In 64%, COIs were unreported, in 25% declaration of COI was incomplete, and 11% of the articles reviewed had complete declaration of COI. Of the 33 journals in which the most frequently published authors' articles appeared, 10 required the authors to complete the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) form or an equivalent form, but this did not affect the rates of COI declaration. In a random sampling of the most frequently published authors in the field of ophthalmology, declaration of COI was low and highly inconsistent. Requiring a standardized COI form has no significant effect on the rate of accurate COI reporting. Our findings lend support to the growing body of literature that shows that journals and editors may need to take a more active role in ensuring accurate and consistent COI reporting.

Policies and practices on competing interests of academic staff in Australian universities.

PubMed

Chapman, Simon; Morrell, Bronwen; Forsyth, Rowena; Kerridge, Ian; Stewart, Cameron

2012-04-16

To document the existence and provisions of Australian universities' policies on the competing interests of academic staff and university practices in recording, updating and making these declarations publicly accessible. A 14-item survey was sent to the vice-chancellors of 39 Australian universities and university websites were searched for relevant policies. Twelve universities declined to provide any information. Of the 27 that did, all had policies on staff competing interests. Fifteen did not require regular declarations from staff and only four required annual declarations. Eight universities maintained a centralised register of COIs of all staff and six had a mechanism in place that allowed members of the public to access information on COIs. None reported that they required that staff place their COI declarations on their website profiles and none had policies that indicated that staff should declare COIs when making a public comment. Australian universities vary significantly in their approaches to the declaration and management of competing interests. While two-thirds of Australian universities require staff to declare competing interests, this information is mostly inaccessible to the public. Australian universities should adopt a standard approach to the declaration and management of competing interests and commit to meaningful transparency and public accountability. This could include frequently updated declarations on website profiles of all staff. In addition, dialogue about what is needed to effectively deal with competing interests should be encouraged.

Peak reduction for commercial buildings using energy storage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chua, K. H.; Lim, Y. S.; Morris, S.

2017-11-01

Battery-based energy storage has emerged as a cost-effective solution for peak reduction due to the decrement of battery’s price. In this study, a battery-based energy storage system is developed and implemented to achieve an optimal peak reduction for commercial customers with the limited energy capacity of the energy storage. The energy storage system is formed by three bi-directional power converter rated at 5 kVA and a battery bank with capacity of 64 kWh. Three control algorithms, namely fixed-threshold, adaptive-threshold, and fuzzy-based control algorithms have been developed and implemented into the energy storage system in a campus building. The control algorithms are evaluated and compared under different load conditions. The overall experimental results show that the fuzzy-based controller is the most effective algorithm among the three controllers in peak reduction. The fuzzy-based control algorithm is capable of incorporating a priori qualitative knowledge and expertise about the load characteristic of the buildings as well as the useable energy without over-discharging the batteries.

Key properties of expert movement systems in sport : an ecological dynamics perspective.

PubMed

Seifert, Ludovic; Button, Chris; Davids, Keith

2013-03-01

This paper identifies key properties of expertise in sport predicated on the performer-environment relationship. Weaknesses of traditional approaches to expert performance, which uniquely focus on the performer and the environment separately, are highlighted by an ecological dynamics perspective. Key properties of expert movement systems include 'multi- and meta-stability', 'adaptive variability', 'redundancy', 'degeneracy' and the 'attunement to affordances'. Empirical research on these expert system properties indicates that skill acquisition does not emerge from the internal representation of declarative and procedural knowledge, or the imitation of expert behaviours to linearly reduce a perceived 'gap' separating movements of beginners and a putative expert model. Rather, expert performance corresponds with the ongoing co-adaptation of an individual's behaviours to dynamically changing, interacting constraints, individually perceived and encountered. The functional role of adaptive movement variability is essential to expert performance in many different sports (involving individuals and teams; ball games and outdoor activities; land and aquatic environments). These key properties signify that, in sport performance, although basic movement patterns need to be acquired by developing athletes, there exists no ideal movement template towards which all learners should aspire, since relatively unique functional movement solutions emerge from the interaction of key constraints.

Benefits of production extension and shifting with thermal storage for a 1MW CSP-ORC plant in Morocco

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bennouna, El Ghali; Mimet, Abdelaziz; Frej, Hicham

2016-05-01

The importance of thermal storage for commercial CSP (concentrated Solar Power) plants has now become obvious, this regardless of the solar technology used and the power cycle. The availability of a storage system to a plant operator brings a lot of possibilities for production management, cash flow optimization and grid stabilizing. In particular, and depending on plant location and local grid strategy, thermal storage can contribute, when wisely used, to control production and adapt it to the demand and / or power unbalances and varying prices. Storage systems design, sizing and configuration are proper to each power plant, hence systems that are now widely installed within large commercial solar plants are not necessarily suited for small scale decentralized production, and will not have the same effects. In this paper the benefits of thermal storage are studied for a 1MWe CSP plant with an ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle), this plant has many specific features which call for a detail analysis about the appropriate storage design and optimum operating strategies for decentralized solutions.

Declarations on euthanasia and assisted dying

PubMed Central

Inbadas, Hamilton; Zaman, Shahaduz; Whitelaw, Sandy; Clark, David

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT Declarations on end-of-life issues are advocacy interventions that seek to influence policy, raise awareness and call others to action. Despite increasing prominence, they have attracted little attention from researchers. This study tracks the emergence, content, and purpose of declarations concerned with assisted dying and euthanasia, in the global context. The authors identified 62 assisted dying/euthanasia declarations covering 1974–2016 and analyzed them for originating organization, geographic scope, format, and stated viewpoint on assisted dying/euthanasia. The declarations emerged from diverse organizational settings and became more frequent over time. Most opposed assisted dying/euthanasia. PMID:28398131

The role of the underground for massive storage of energy: a preliminary glance of the French case

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Audigane, Pascal; Gentier, Sylvie; Bader, Anne-Gaelle; Beccaletto, Laurent; Bellenfant, Gael

2014-05-01

The question of storing energy in France has become of primary importance since the launch of a road map from the government which places in pole position this topic among seven major milestones to be challenged in the context of the development of innovative technology in the country. The European objective to reach 20% of renewables in the energy market, from which a large part would come from wind and solar power generation, raises several issues regarding the capacity of the grid to manage the various intermittent energy sources in line with the variability of the public demand and offer. These uncertainties are highly influenced by unpredictable weather and economic fluctuations. To facilitate the large-scale integration of variable renewable electricity sources in grids, massive energy storage is needed. In that case, electric energy storage techniques involving the use of underground are often under consideration as they offer a large storage capacity volume with a adapted potential of confining and the space required for the implantation. Among the panel of massive storage technologies, one can find (i) the Underground Pumped Hydro-Storage (UPHS) which are an adaptation of classical Pumped Hydro Storage system often connected with dam constructions, (ii) the compressed air storage (CAES) and (iii) the hydrogen storage from conversion of electricity into H2 and O2 by electrolysis. UPHS concept is based on using the potential energy between two water reservoirs positioned at different heights. Favorable natural locations like mountainous areas or cliffs are spatially limited given the geography of the territory. This concept could be extended with the integration of one of these reservoirs in an underground cavities (specifically mined or reuse of preexisting mines) to increase opportunities on the national territory. Massive storage based on compression and relaxation of air (CAES) requires high volume and confining pressure around the storage that exists naturally in the underground and which increases with depth. However, the move to an interesting efficiency requires that the heat generated during compression can be stored and used during expansion. This storage can be also underground. H2 underground storage is part of the "Power to gas" concept which allows for converting electricity into a gas available for either electrical or gas grid. Each of these techniques requires the selection of appropriate geological formations which contains specific characteristics in agreement with several criteria under consideration when choosing electric energy storage methods for application (lifetime, life cycle, discharge rate, environmental impact, public acceptance …). We propose in this paper a preliminary review of the potential massive electric energy storage capacities in France of using specific geological formations (salt, basement) and the various physical phenomena linked to the couple geology/technology. Several approaches and methodologies developed formerly with other applications (geothermal, CO2 storage, heat storage …) will be used to investigate mechanical integrity and environmental impacts associated to these innovative technologies.

Ventral Striatum and the Evaluation of Memory Retrieval Strategies

PubMed Central

Badre, David; Lebrecht, Sophie; Pagliaccio, David; Long, Nicole M.; Scimeca, Jason M.

2015-01-01

Adaptive memory retrieval requires mechanisms of cognitive control that facilitate the recovery of goal-relevant information. Frontoparietal systems are known to support control of memory retrieval. However, the mechanisms by which the brain acquires, evaluates, and adapts retrieval strategies remain unknown. Here, we provide evidence that ventral striatal activation tracks the success of a retrieval strategy and correlates with subsequent reliance on that strategy. Human participants were scanned with fMRI while performing a lexical decision task. A rule was provided that indicated the likely semantic category of a target word given the category of a preceding prime. Reliance on the rule improved decision-making, as estimated within a drift diffusion framework. Ventral striatal activation tracked the benefit that relying on the rule had on decision-making. Moreover, activation in ventral striatum correlated with a participant’s subsequent reliance on the rule. Taken together, these results support a role for ventral striatum in learning and evaluating declarative retrieval strategies. PMID:24564466

[Sex education : representations of 13- to 15-year-old junior high school children and slow learners].

PubMed

Berger, Dominique; Rochigneux, Jean-Claude; Bernard, Sandie; Morand, Josette; Mougniotte, Alain

2015-01-01

In France, the National Education system has attributed an important health and sex education role to its teachers, based on a global and positive vision of sexuality Parents, teachers, public services and specialized resources each have a role to play in sex education for children and adolescents so that each young person can receive an education allowing him or her to enjoy a healthy sexuality. This study investigated the individual representations of sexuality, declared practices and knowledge of junior high schoolchildren and Section d'Enseignement G6n6ral et Professionnel Adapt6 (SEGPA) students, a structure for children with serious learning difficulties. The study methodology was based on administration of questionnaires (n = 524) to the two cohorts concerned. The secondary objective was to compare these two populations and identify the specificities of SEGPA pupils. The conclusions of this study should allow adults in charge of sex education in junior high schools and SEGPA to adapt sex education tools.

Adaptable dialog architecture and runtime engine (AdaRTE): a framework for rapid prototyping of health dialog systems.

PubMed

Rojas-Barahona, L M; Giorgino, T

2009-04-01

Spoken dialog systems have been increasingly employed to provide ubiquitous access via telephone to information and services for the non-Internet-connected public. They have been successfully applied in the health care context; however, speech technology requires a considerable development investment. The advent of VoiceXML reduced the proliferation of incompatible dialog formalisms, at the expense of adding even more complexity. This paper introduces a novel architecture for dialogue representation and interpretation, AdaRTE, which allows developers to lay out dialog interactions through a high-level formalism, offering both declarative and procedural features. AdaRTE's aim is to provide a ground for deploying complex and adaptable dialogs whilst allowing experimentation and incremental adoption of innovative speech technologies. It enhances augmented transition networks with dynamic behavior, and drives multiple back-end realizers, including VoiceXML. It has been especially targeted to the health care context, because of the great scale and the need for reducing the barrier to a widespread adoption of dialog systems.

All-in-One Shape-Adaptive Self-Charging Power Package for Wearable Electronics.

PubMed

Guo, Hengyu; Yeh, Min-Hsin; Lai, Ying-Chih; Zi, Yunlong; Wu, Changsheng; Wen, Zhen; Hu, Chenguo; Wang, Zhong Lin

2016-11-22

Recently, a self-charging power unit consisting of an energy harvesting device and an energy storage device set the foundation for building a self-powered wearable system. However, the flexibility of the power unit working under extremely complex deformations (e.g., stretching, twisting, and bending) becomes a key issue. Here, we present a prototype of an all-in-one shape-adaptive self-charging power unit that can be used for scavenging random body motion energy under complex mechanical deformations and then directly storing it in a supercapacitor unit to build up a self-powered system for wearable electronics. A kirigami paper based supercapacitor (KP-SC) was designed to work as the flexible energy storage device (stretchability up to 215%). An ultrastretchable and shape-adaptive silicone rubber triboelectric nanogenerator (SR-TENG) was utilized as the flexible energy harvesting device. By combining them with a rectifier, a stretchable, twistable, and bendable, self-charging power package was achieved for sustainably driving wearable electronics. This work provides a potential platform for the flexible self-powered systems.

Integrated Micro-Power System (IMPS) Development at NASA Glenn Research Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilt, David; Hepp, Aloysius; Moran, Matt; Jenkins, Phillip; Scheiman, David; Raffaelle, Ryne

2003-01-01

Glenn Research Center (GRC) has a long history of energy related technology developments for large space related power systems, including photovoltaics, thermo-mechanical energy conversion, electrochemical energy storage. mechanical energy storage, power management and distribution and power system design. Recently, many of these technologies have begun to be adapted for small, distributed power system applications or Integrated Micro-Power Systems (IMPS). This paper will describe the IMPS component and system demonstration efforts to date.

Lightweight Phase-Change Material For Solar Power

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stark, Philip

1993-01-01

Lightweight panels containing phase-change materials developed for use as heat-storage elements of compact, lightweight, advanced solar dynamic power system. During high insolation, heat stored in panels via latent heat of fusion of phase-change material; during low insolation, heat withdrawn from panels. Storage elements consist mainly of porous carbon-fiber structures imbued with germanium. Developed for use aboard space station in orbit around Earth, also adapted to lightweight, compact, portable solar-power systems for use on Earth.

The Dublin Declaration on Maternal Health Care and Anti-Abortion Activism

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

Abstract The Dublin Declaration on Maternal Healthcare—issued by self-declared pro-life activists in Ireland in 2012—states unequivocally that abortion is never medically necessary, even to save the life of a pregnant woman. This article examines the influence of the Dublin Declaration on abortion politics in Latin America, especially El Salvador and Chile, where it has recently been used in pro-life organizing to cast doubt on the notion that legalizing abortion will reduce maternal mortality. Its framers argue that legalizing abortion will not improve maternal mortality rates, but reproductive rights advocates respond that the Dublin Declaration is junk science designed to preserve the world’s most restrictive abortion laws. Analyzing the strategy and impact of the Dublin Declaration brings to light one of the tactics used in anti-abortion organizing. PMID:28630540

The Dublin Declaration on Maternal Health Care and Anti-Abortion Activism: Examples from Latin America.

PubMed

Morgan, Lynn M

2017-06-01

The Dublin Declaration on Maternal Healthcare-issued by self-declared pro-life activists in Ireland in 2012-states unequivocally that abortion is never medically necessary, even to save the life of a pregnant woman. This article examines the influence of the Dublin Declaration on abortion politics in Latin America, especially El Salvador and Chile, where it has recently been used in pro-life organizing to cast doubt on the notion that legalizing abortion will reduce maternal mortality. Its framers argue that legalizing abortion will not improve maternal mortality rates, but reproductive rights advocates respond that the Dublin Declaration is junk science designed to preserve the world's most restrictive abortion laws. Analyzing the strategy and impact of the Dublin Declaration brings to light one of the tactics used in anti-abortion organizing.

Proteomic analysis of mature soybean seeds from the Chernobyl area suggests plant adaptation to the contaminated environment.

PubMed

Danchenko, Maksym; Skultety, Ludovit; Rashydov, Namik M; Berezhna, Valentyna V; Mátel, L'ubomír; Salaj, Terézia; Pret'ová, Anna; Hajduch, Martin

2009-06-01

The explosion in one of the four reactors of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP, Chernobyl) caused the worst nuclear environmental disaster ever seen. Currently, 23 years after the accident, the soil in the close vicinity of CNPP is still significantly contaminated with long-living radioisotopes, such as (137)Cs. Despite this contamination, the plants growing in Chernobyl area were able to adapt to the radioactivity, and survive. The aim of this study was to investigate plant adaptation mechanisms toward permanently increased level of radiation using a quantitative high-throughput proteomics approach. Soybeans of a local variety (Soniachna) were sown in contaminated and control fields in the Chernobyl region. Mature seeds were harvested and the extracted proteins were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). In total, 9.2% of 698 quantified protein spots on 2-D gel were found to be differentially expressed with a p-value

Declarative and Non-declarative Memory Consolidation in Children with Sleep Disorder.

PubMed

Csábi, Eszter; Benedek, Pálma; Janacsek, Karolina; Zavecz, Zsófia; Katona, Gábor; Nemeth, Dezso

2015-01-01

Healthy sleep is essential in children's cognitive, behavioral, and emotional development. However, remarkably little is known about the influence of sleep disorders on different memory processes in childhood. Such data could give us a deeper insight into the effect of sleep on the developing brain and memory functions and how the relationship between sleep and memory changes from childhood to adulthood. In the present study we examined the effect of sleep disorder on declarative and non-declarative memory consolidation by testing children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) which is characterized by disrupted sleep structure. We used a story recall task to measure declarative memory and Alternating Serial Reaction time (ASRT) task to assess non-declarative memory. This task enables us to measure two aspects of non-declarative memory, namely general motor skill learning and sequence-specific learning. There were two sessions: a learning phase and a testing phase, separated by a 12 h offline period with sleep. Our data showed that children with SDB exhibited a generally lower declarative memory performance both in the learning and testing phase; however, both the SDB and control groups exhibited retention of the previously recalled items after the offline period. Here we showed intact non-declarative consolidation in SDB group in both sequence-specific and general motor skill. These findings suggest that sleep disorders in childhood have a differential effect on different memory processes (online vs. offline) and give us insight into how sleep disturbances affects developing brain.

Declarative and Non-declarative Memory Consolidation in Children with Sleep Disorder

PubMed Central

Csábi, Eszter; Benedek, Pálma; Janacsek, Karolina; Zavecz, Zsófia; Katona, Gábor; Nemeth, Dezso

2016-01-01

Healthy sleep is essential in children’s cognitive, behavioral, and emotional development. However, remarkably little is known about the influence of sleep disorders on different memory processes in childhood. Such data could give us a deeper insight into the effect of sleep on the developing brain and memory functions and how the relationship between sleep and memory changes from childhood to adulthood. In the present study we examined the effect of sleep disorder on declarative and non-declarative memory consolidation by testing children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) which is characterized by disrupted sleep structure. We used a story recall task to measure declarative memory and Alternating Serial Reaction time (ASRT) task to assess non-declarative memory. This task enables us to measure two aspects of non-declarative memory, namely general motor skill learning and sequence-specific learning. There were two sessions: a learning phase and a testing phase, separated by a 12 h offline period with sleep. Our data showed that children with SDB exhibited a generally lower declarative memory performance both in the learning and testing phase; however, both the SDB and control groups exhibited retention of the previously recalled items after the offline period. Here we showed intact non-declarative consolidation in SDB group in both sequence-specific and general motor skill. These findings suggest that sleep disorders in childhood have a differential effect on different memory processes (online vs. offline) and give us insight into how sleep disturbances affects developing brain. PMID:26793090

[Ministerial Conference on Migration and Urbanization in West Africa: declaration].

PubMed

1999-12-01

This declaration made by the participants of the Ministerial Conference on Migration and Urbanization in Western Africa, held in Bamako during November 5, 1999, commits the countries of the region to do the following: follow the urbanization process in an effort to make African cities hubs of development and social progress; improve the geographic distribution of populations; bring economic development to mid-sized cities; implement rural development projects and programs, especially in the least advantaged zones; manage urban constraints; define new pathways and coordinated approaches; implement measures which account for those who are newly migrating, such as women and young people; minimize administrative hurdles associated with the return and reintegration of migrants; provide those bodies responsible for urbanization and migration concerns with the communication tools they require; take the necessary measures to facilitate migrants¿ stays and inform potential migrants about the conditions of such stay in host countries; adapt laws to conform with the charters of subregional organizations; consider migration concerns at the commission level; and implement clear, explicit migration policies. Recommendations are offered to the Permanent Interstate Committee Against Drought in the Sahel (CILSS) as well as to all subregional organizations. It is hoped that international organizations and partner agencies in development will support countries¿ efforts.

Critical-Inquiry-Based-Learning: Model of Learning to Promote Critical Thinking Ability of Pre-service Teachers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prayogi, S.; Yuanita, L.; Wasis

2018-01-01

This study aimed to develop Critical-Inquiry-Based-Learning (CIBL) learning model to promote critical thinking (CT) ability of preservice teachers. The CIBL learning model was developed by meeting the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. Validation of the model involves 4 expert validators through the mechanism of the focus group discussion (FGD). CIBL learning model declared valid to promote CT ability, with the validity level (Va) of 4.20 and reliability (r) of 90,1% (very reliable). The practicality of the model was evaluated when it was implemented that involving 17 of preservice teachers. The CIBL learning model had been declared practice, its measuring from learning feasibility (LF) with very good criteria (LF-score = 4.75). The effectiveness of the model was evaluated from the improvement CT ability after the implementation of the model. CT ability were evaluated using the scoring technique adapted from Ennis-Weir Critical Thinking Essay Test. The average score of CT ability on pretest is - 1.53 (uncritical criteria), whereas on posttest is 8.76 (critical criteria), with N-gain score of 0.76 (high criteria). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that developed CIBL learning model is feasible to promote CT ability of preservice teachers.

Early handling effect on female rat spatial and non-spatial learning and memory.

PubMed

Plescia, Fulvio; Marino, Rosa A M; Navarra, Michele; Gambino, Giuditta; Brancato, Anna; Sardo, Pierangelo; Cannizzaro, Carla

2014-03-01

This study aims at providing an insight into early handling procedures on learning and memory performance in adult female rats. Early handling procedures were started on post-natal day 2 until 21, and consisted in 15 min, daily separations of the dams from their litters. Assessment of declarative memory was carried out in the novel-object recognition task; spatial learning, reference- and working memory were evaluated in the Morris water maze (MWM). Our results indicate that early handling induced an enhancement in: (1) declarative memory, in the object recognition task, both at 1h and 24h intervals; (2) reference memory in the probe test and working memory and behavioral flexibility in the "single-trial and four-trial place learning paradigm" of the MWM. Short-term separation by increasing maternal care causes a dampening in HPA axis response in the pups. A modulated activation of the stress response may help to protect brain structures, involved in cognitive function. In conclusion, this study shows the long-term effects of a brief maternal separation in enhancing object recognition-, spatial reference- and working memory in female rats, remarking the impact of early environmental experiences and the consequent maternal care on the behavioral adaptive mechanisms in adulthood. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Streamlining environmental product declarations: a stage model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lefebvre, Elisabeth; Lefebvre, Louis A.; Talbot, Stephane; Le Hen, Gael

2001-02-01

General public environmental awareness and education is increasing, therefore stimulating the demand for reliable, objective and comparable information about products' environmental performances. The recently published standard series ISO 14040 and ISO 14025 are normalizing the preparation of Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) containing comprehensive information relevant to a product's environmental impact during its life cycle. So far, only a few environmentally leading manufacturing organizations have experimented the preparation of EPDs (mostly from Europe), demonstrating its great potential as a marketing weapon. However the preparation of EPDs is a complex process, requiring collection and analysis of massive amounts of information coming from disparate sources (suppliers, sub-contractors, etc.). In a foreseeable future, the streamlining of the EPD preparation process will require product manufacturers to adapt their information systems (ERP, MES, SCADA) in order to make them capable of gathering, and transmitting the appropriate environmental information. It also requires strong functional integration all along the product supply chain in order to ensure that all the information is made available in a standardized and timely manner. The goal of the present paper is two fold: first to propose a transitional model towards green supply chain management and EPD preparation; second to identify key technologies and methodologies allowing to streamline the EPD process and subsequently the transition toward sustainable product development

RESULTS FROM A DEMONSTRATION OF RF-BASED UF6 CYLINDER ACCOUNTING AND TRACKING SYSTEM INSTALLED AT A USEC FACILITY

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pickett, Chris A; Kovacic, Donald N; Morgan, Jim

Approved industry-standard cylinders are used globally for storing and transporting uranium hexafluoride (UF{sub 6}) at uranium enrichment plants and processing facilities. To verify that no diversion or undeclared production of nuclear material involving UF{sub 6} cylinders at the facility has occurred, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) conducts periodic, labor-intensive physical inspections to validate facility records, cylinder identities, and cylinder weights. A reliable cylinder monitoring system that would improve overall inspector effectiveness would be a significant improvement to the current international safeguards inspection regime. Such a system could include real-time unattended monitoring of cylinder movements, situation-specific rules-based event detection algorithms,more » and the capability to integrate with other types of safeguards technologies. This type of system could provide timely detection of abnormal operational activities that may be used to ensure more appropriate and efficient responses by the IAEA. A system of this type can reduce the reliance on paper records and have the additional benefit of facilitating domestic safeguards at the facilities at which it is installed. A radio-frequency (RF)-based system designed to track uranium hexafluoride (UF{sub 6}) cylinders during processing operations was designed, assembled, and tested at the United States Enrichment Corporation (USEC) facility in Portsmouth, Ohio, to determine the operational feasibility and durability of RF technology. The overall objective of the effort was to validate the robustness of RF technology for potential use as a future international safeguards tool for tracking UF6 cylinders at uranium-processing facilities. The results to date indicate that RF tags represent a feasible technique for tracking UF{sub 6} cylinders in operating facilities. Additional work will be needed to improve the operational robustness of the tags for repeated autoclave processing and to add tamper-indicating and data authentication features to some of the pertinent system components. Future efforts will focus on these needs along with implementing protocols relevant to IAEA safeguards. The work detailed in this report demonstrates the feasibility of constructing RF devices that can survive the operational rigors associated with the transportation, storage, and processing of UF6 cylinders. The system software specially designed for this project is called Cylinder Accounting and Tracking System (CATS). This report details the elements of the CATS rules-based architecture and its use in safeguards-monitoring and asset-tracking applications. Information is also provided on improvements needed to make the technology ready, as well as options for improving the safeguards aspects of the technology. The report also includes feedback from personnel involved in the testing, as well as individuals who could utilize an RF-based system in supporting the performance of their work. The system software was set up to support a Mailbox declaration, where a declaration can be made either before or after cylinder movements take place. When the declaration is made before cylinders move, the operators must enter this information into CATS. If the IAEA then shows up unexpectedly at the facility, they can see how closely the operational condition matches the declaration. If the declaration is made after the cylinders move, this provides greater operational flexibility when schedules are interrupted or are changed, by allowing operators to declare what moves have been completed. The IAEA can then compare where cylinders are with where CATS or the system says they are located. The ability of CATS to automatically generate Mailbox declarations is seen by the authors as a desirable feature. The Mailbox approach is accepted by the IAEA but has not been widely implemented (and never in enrichment facilities). During the course of this project, we have incorporated alternative methods for implementation.« less

Declarative and nondeclarative memory: multiple brain systems supporting learning and memory.

PubMed

Squire, L R

1992-01-01

Abstract The topic of multiple forms of memory is considered from a biological point of view. Fact-and-event (declarative, explicit) memory is contrasted with a collection of non conscious (non-declarative, implicit) memory abilities including skills and habits, priming, and simple conditioning. Recent evidence is reviewed indicating that declarative and non declarative forms of memory have different operating characteristics and depend on separate brain systems. A brain-systems framework for understanding memory phenomena is developed in light of lesion studies involving rats, monkeys, and humans, as well as recent studies with normal humans using the divided visual field technique, event-related potentials, and positron emission tomography (PET).

Subthalamic stimulation differentially modulates declarative and nondeclarative memory.

PubMed

Hälbig, Thomas D; Gruber, Doreen; Kopp, Ute A; Scherer, Peter; Schneider, Gerd-Helge; Trottenberg, Thomas; Arnold, Guy; Kupsch, Andreas

2004-03-01

Declarative memory has been reported to rely on the medial temporal lobe system, whereas non-declarative memory depends on basal ganglia structures. We investigated the functional role of the subthalamic nucleus (STN), a structure closely connected with the basal ganglia for both types of memory. Via deep brain high frequency stimulation (DBS) we manipulated neural activity of the STN in humans. We found that DBS-STN differentially modulated memory performance: declarative memory was impaired, whereas non-declarative memory was improved in the presence of STN-DBS indicating a specific role of the STN in the activation of memory systems. Copyright 2004 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Declarative memory and skill-related knowledge: Evidence from a case study of amnesia and implications for theories of memory.

PubMed

Gregory, Emma; McCloskey, Michael; Ovans, Zoe; Landau, Barbara

2016-01-01

Theoretical and empirical studies of memory have long been framed by a distinction between declarative and non-declarative memory. We question the sharpness of the distinction by reporting evidence from amnesic L.S.J., who despite retrograde memory losses in declarative knowledge domains, shows sparing of declarative knowledge related to premorbid skill (e.g., playing an instrument). We previously showed that L.S.J. had severe losses of retrograde declarative knowledge across areas of premorbid expertise (e.g., artists of famous works) and everyday knowledge (e.g., company names for logos). Here we present evidence that L.S.J. has sparing of what we call skill-related declarative knowledge, in four domains in which she had premorbid skill (art, music, aviation, driving). L.S.J.'s pattern of loss and sparing raises questions about the strict separation between classically-defined memory types and aligns with a recent proposal by Stanley and Krakauer [2013. Motor skill depends on knowledge of facts. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7,1-11].

Slow oscillations orchestrating fast oscillations and memory consolidation.

PubMed

Mölle, Matthias; Born, Jan

2011-01-01

Slow-wave sleep (SWS) facilitates the consolidation of hippocampus-dependent declarative memory. Based on the standard two-stage memory model, we propose that memory consolidation during SWS represents a process of system consolidation which is orchestrated by the neocortical <1Hz electroencephalogram (EEG) slow oscillation and involves the reactivation of newly encoded representations and their subsequent redistribution from temporary hippocampal to neocortical long-term storage sites. Indeed, experimental induction of slow oscillations during non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep by slowly alternating transcranial current stimulation distinctly improves consolidation of declarative memory. The slow oscillations temporally group neuronal activity into up-states of strongly enhanced neuronal activity and down-states of neuronal silence. In a feed-forward efferent action, this grouping is induced not only in the neocortex but also in other structures relevant to consolidation, namely the thalamus generating 10-15Hz spindles, and the hippocampus generating sharp wave-ripples, with the latter well known to accompany a replay of newly encoded memories taking place in hippocampal circuitries. The feed-forward synchronizing effect of the slow oscillation enables the formation of spindle-ripple events where ripples and accompanying reactivated hippocampal memory information become nested into the single troughs of spindles. Spindle-ripple events thus enable reactivated memory-related hippocampal information to be fed back to neocortical networks in the excitable slow oscillation up-state where they can induce enduring plastic synaptic changes underlying the effective formation of long-term memories. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

76 FR 56856 - New York Disaster Number NY-00108

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-14

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12776 and 12777] New York Disaster Number NY... the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the State of New York (FEMA-4020-DR), dated 08/31... declaration [[Page 56857

40 CFR 52.2900 - Negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... § 52.2900 Negative declaration. (a) Air Pollution Implementation Plan for the Commonwealth of the... declaration indicating no major lead sources and continued attainment and maintenance of the National Standards for lead. [51 FR 40799, Nov. 10, 1986] ...

Declarative memory performance is associated with the number of sleep spindles in elderly women.

PubMed

Seeck-Hirschner, Mareen; Baier, Paul Christian; Weinhold, Sara Lena; Dittmar, Manuela; Heiermann, Steffanie; Aldenhoff, Josef B; Göder, Robert

2012-09-01

Recent evidence suggests that the sleep-dependent consolidation of declarative memory relies on the nonrapid eye movement rather than the rapid eye movement phase of sleep. In addition, it is known that aging is accompanied by changes in sleep and memory processes. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the overnight consolidation of declarative memory in healthy elderly women. Sleep laboratory of University. Nineteen healthy elderly women (age range: 61-74 years). We used laboratory-based measures of sleep. To test declarative memory, the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test was performed. Declarative memory performance in elderly women was associated with Stage 2 sleep spindle density. Women characterized by high memory performance exhibited significantly higher numbers of sleep spindles and higher spindle density compared with women with generally low memory performance. The data strongly support theories suggesting a link between sleep spindle activity and declarative memory consolidation.

Gwyscan: a library to support non-equidistant scanning probe microscope measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klapetek, Petr; Yacoot, Andrew; Grolich, Petr; Valtr, Miroslav; Nečas, David

2017-03-01

We present a software library and related methodology for enabling easy integration of adaptive step (non-equidistant) scanning techniques into metrological scanning probe microscopes or scanning probe microscopes where individual x, y position data are recorded during measurements. Scanning with adaptive steps can reduce the amount of data collected in SPM measurements thereby leading to faster data acquisition, a smaller amount of data collection required for a specific analytical task and less sensitivity to mechanical and thermal drift. Implementation of adaptive scanning routines into a custom built microscope is not normally an easy task: regular data are much easier to handle for previewing (e.g. levelling) and storage. We present an environment to make implementation of adaptive scanning easier for an instrument developer, specifically taking into account data acquisition approaches that are used in high accuracy microscopes as those developed by National Metrology Institutes. This includes a library with algorithms written in C and LabVIEW for handling data storage, regular mesh preview generation and planning the scan path on basis of different assumptions. A set of modules for Gwyddion open source software for handling these data and for their further analysis is presented. Using this combination of data acquisition and processing tools one can implement adaptive scanning in a relatively easy way into an instrument that was previously measuring on a regular grid. The performance of the presented approach is shown and general non-equidistant data processing steps are discussed.

Automatic water inventory, collecting, and dispensing unit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hall, J. B., Jr.; Williams, E. F.

1972-01-01

Two cylindrical tanks with piston bladders and associated components for automatic filling and emptying use liquid inventory readout devices in control of water flow. Unit provides for adaptive water collection, storage, and dispensation in weightlessness environment.

Nondestructive Assay Data Integration with the SKB-50 Assemblies - FY16 Update

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tobin, Stephen Joseph; Fugate, Michael Lynn; Trellue, Holly Renee

2016-10-28

A project to research the application of non-destructive assay (NDA) techniques for spent fuel assemblies is underway at the Central Interim Storage Facility for Spent Nuclear Fuel (for which the Swedish acronym is Clab) in Oskarshamn, Sweden. The research goals of this project contain both safeguards and non-safeguards interests. These nondestructive assay (NDA) technologies are designed to strengthen the technical toolkit of safeguard inspectors and others to determine the following technical goals more accurately; Verify initial enrichment, burnup, and cooling time of facility declaration for spent fuel assemblies; Detect replaced or missing pins from a given spent fuel assembly tomore » confirm its integrity; and Estimate plutonium mass and related plutonium and uranium fissile mass parameters in spent fuel assemblies. Estimate heat content, and measure reactivity (multiplication).« less

Similarities in human visual and declared measures of preference for opposite-sex faces.

PubMed

Griffey, Jack A F; Little, Anthony C

2014-01-01

Facial appearance in humans is associated with attraction and mate choice. Numerous studies have identified that adults display directional preferences for certain facial traits including symmetry, averageness, and sexually dimorphic traits. Typically, studies measuring human preference for these traits examine declared (e.g., choice or ratings of attractiveness) or visual preferences (e.g., looking time) of participants. However, the extent to which visual and declared preferences correspond remains relatively untested. In order to evaluate the relationship between these measures we examined visual and declared preferences displayed by men and women for opposite-sex faces manipulated across three dimensions (symmetry, averageness, and masculinity) and compared preferences from each method. Results indicated that participants displayed significant visual and declared preferences for symmetrical, average, and appropriately sexually dimorphic faces. We also found that declared and visual preferences correlated weakly but significantly. These data indicate that visual and declared preferences for manipulated facial stimuli produce similar directional preferences across participants and are also correlated with one another within participants. Both methods therefore may be considered appropriate to measure human preferences. However, while both methods appear likely to generate similar patterns of preference at the sample level, the weak nature of the correlation between visual and declared preferences in our data suggests some caution in assuming visual preferences are the same as declared preferences at the individual level. Because there are positive and negative factors in both methods for measuring preference, we suggest that a combined approach is most useful in outlining population level preferences for traits.

Donors' blood group declaration before donation can be used as a tool for electronic crossmatching.

PubMed

Arslan, O

2005-12-01

Electronic crossmatching (E-XM) is used to detect ABO incompatibility. In developing countries, as many of the donations are from first-time donors, it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the ABO/Rh label on these units to use them for E-XM. This problem was overcome with a new software 'hemosoft', using donors' blood group declaration before donation as a tool for E-XM. During registration, donors either declare their blood group or give no comment. For, ABO/Rh grouping, either two results from different donations or only one in concordant with the declaration before donation is needed. If there is a conflict, second typing is performed from the unit segment. If donors give no declaration, two different technicians perform typing, one from the sample tube and the other from the unit segment. Of 18,618 donations performed, 640 (3%) were repeated and the rest were first-time donations. In 16,327, typing was performed once, as the blood group declaration and the typing results were identical. In 2407, grouping was performed twice, as donors gave no declaration or conflicts between declaration and typing results were found. No labelling or wrong unit-release errors were detected in units donated, typed and labelled in our centre. In 26,402 donations, 16,314 (61.8%) E-XMs were performed. No major haemolytic transfusion reaction was recorded. Donors' ABO/Rh declaration before donation can be used as a tool for E-XM, instead of the requirement for serological confirmation or a second donation to guarantee grouping.

Modelling the perception of weather conditions by users of outdoor public spaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andrade, H.; Oliveira, S.; Alcoforado, M.-J.

2009-09-01

Outdoor public spaces play an important role for the quality of life in urban areas. Their usage depends, among other factors, on the bioclimatic comfort of the users. Climate change can modify the uses of outdoor spaces, by changing temperature and rainfall patterns. Understanding the way people perceive the microclimatic conditions is an important tool to the design of more comfortable outdoor spaces and in anticipating future needs to cope with climate change impacts. The perception of bioclimatic comfort by users of two different outdoor spaces was studied in Lisbon. A survey of about one thousand inquires was carried out simultaneously with weather measurements (air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and solar and long wave radiation), during the years 2006 and 2007. The aim was to assess the relationships between weather variables, the individual characteristics of people (such as age and gender, among others) and their bioclimatic comfort. The perception of comfort was evaluated through the preference votes of the interviewees, which consisted on their answers concerning the desire to decrease, maintain or increase the values of the different weather parameters, in order to improve their comfort at the moment of the interview. The perception of the atmospheric conditions and of the bioclimatic comfort are highly influenced by subjective factors, which are difficult to integrate in a model. Nonetheless, the use of the multiple logistic regression allows the definition of patterns in the quantitative relation between preference votes and environmental and personal parameters. The thermal preference depends largely on the season and is associated with wind speed. Comfort in relation to wind depends not only on the speed but also on turbulence: a high variability in wind speed is generally perceived as uncomfortable. It was also found that the acceptability of warmer conditions is higher than for cooler conditions and the majority of people declared preference for lower wind speed in all the seasons. It was observed that adaptive strategies are undertaken to improve their level of comfort, namely through changes in clothing and displacement between shade/sunshine conditions. Older people declared lower discomfort, possibly due to higher clothing insulation and lower climatic sensitivity. The perception of wind is strongly influenced by gender, with women declaring a lower level of comfort when wind speed increases. Other personal characteristics found to have a significant influence were: company - people accompanied declared higher thermal comfort than people alone - and geographic origin, e.g. Brazilian people demonstrated a much lower tolerance to cool conditions than other communities. It should be noted that most Brazilians arrived in Portugal much more recently than, for example, African people, whose responses, in turn, did not reveal a significant difference from the general population, probably due to a certain degree of climatic adaptation already acquired. This study provides a framework to assess the perception of the bioclimatic comfort in outdoor open spaces. Furthermore, it constitutes a potential contribution to the design of more satisfying leisure areas in a future context of warmer cities.

40 CFR 52.122 - Negative declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Arizona § 52.122 Negative declarations. (a) The following... negative declarations are approved as additional information to the State Implementation Plan. (1) Maricopa... Operations, Rubber Tire Manufacturing, Polymer Manufacturing, Industrial Wastewater, Ship Building and Repair...

40 CFR 52.122 - Negative declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Arizona § 52.122 Negative declarations. (a) The following... negative declarations are approved as additional information to the State Implementation Plan. (1) Maricopa... Operations, Rubber Tire Manufacturing, Polymer Manufacturing, Industrial Wastewater, Ship Building and Repair...

40 CFR 52.122 - Negative declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Arizona § 52.122 Negative declarations. (a) The following... negative declarations are approved as additional information to the State Implementation Plan. (1) Maricopa... Operations, Rubber Tire Manufacturing, Polymer Manufacturing, Industrial Wastewater, Ship Building and Repair...

40 CFR 52.122 - Negative declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Arizona § 52.122 Negative declarations. (a) The following... negative declarations are approved as additional information to the State Implementation Plan. (1) Maricopa... Operations, Rubber Tire Manufacturing, Polymer Manufacturing, Industrial Wastewater, Ship Building and Repair...

40 CFR 52.122 - Negative declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Arizona § 52.122 Negative declarations. (a) The following... negative declarations are approved as additional information to the State Implementation Plan. (1) Maricopa... Operations, Rubber Tire Manufacturing, Polymer Manufacturing, Industrial Wastewater, Ship Building and Repair...

VLSI-based video event triggering for image data compression

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Williams, Glenn L.

1994-02-01

Long-duration, on-orbit microgravity experiments require a combination of high resolution and high frame rate video data acquisition. The digitized high-rate video stream presents a difficult data storage problem. Data produced at rates of several hundred million bytes per second may require a total mission video data storage requirement exceeding one terabyte. A NASA-designed, VLSI-based, highly parallel digital state machine generates a digital trigger signal at the onset of a video event. High capacity random access memory storage coupled with newly available fuzzy logic devices permits the monitoring of a video image stream for long term (DC-like) or short term (AC-like) changes caused by spatial translation, dilation, appearance, disappearance, or color change in a video object. Pre-trigger and post-trigger storage techniques are then adaptable to archiving only the significant video images.

An adaptive cryptographic accelerator for network storage security on dynamically reconfigurable platform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tang, Li; Liu, Jing-Ning; Feng, Dan; Tong, Wei

2008-12-01

Existing security solutions in network storage environment perform poorly because cryptographic operations (encryption and decryption) implemented in software can dramatically reduce system performance. In this paper we propose a cryptographic hardware accelerator on dynamically reconfigurable platform for the security of high performance network storage system. We employ a dynamic reconfigurable platform based on a FPGA to implement a PowerPCbased embedded system, which executes cryptographic algorithms. To reduce the reconfiguration latency, we apply prefetch scheduling. Moreover, the processing elements could be dynamically configured to support different cryptographic algorithms according to the request received by the accelerator. In the experiment, we have implemented AES (Rijndael) and 3DES cryptographic algorithms in the reconfigurable accelerator. Our proposed reconfigurable cryptographic accelerator could dramatically increase the performance comparing with the traditional software-based network storage systems.

VLSI-based Video Event Triggering for Image Data Compression

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williams, Glenn L.

1994-01-01

Long-duration, on-orbit microgravity experiments require a combination of high resolution and high frame rate video data acquisition. The digitized high-rate video stream presents a difficult data storage problem. Data produced at rates of several hundred million bytes per second may require a total mission video data storage requirement exceeding one terabyte. A NASA-designed, VLSI-based, highly parallel digital state machine generates a digital trigger signal at the onset of a video event. High capacity random access memory storage coupled with newly available fuzzy logic devices permits the monitoring of a video image stream for long term (DC-like) or short term (AC-like) changes caused by spatial translation, dilation, appearance, disappearance, or color change in a video object. Pre-trigger and post-trigger storage techniques are then adaptable to archiving only the significant video images.

Signed reward prediction errors drive declarative learning

PubMed Central

Naert, Lien; Janssens, Clio; Talsma, Durk; Van Opstal, Filip; Verguts, Tom

2018-01-01

Reward prediction errors (RPEs) are thought to drive learning. This has been established in procedural learning (e.g., classical and operant conditioning). However, empirical evidence on whether RPEs drive declarative learning–a quintessentially human form of learning–remains surprisingly absent. We therefore coupled RPEs to the acquisition of Dutch-Swahili word pairs in a declarative learning paradigm. Signed RPEs (SRPEs; “better-than-expected” signals) during declarative learning improved recognition in a follow-up test, with increasingly positive RPEs leading to better recognition. In addition, classic declarative memory mechanisms such as time-on-task failed to explain recognition performance. The beneficial effect of SRPEs on recognition was subsequently affirmed in a replication study with visual stimuli. PMID:29293493

Signed reward prediction errors drive declarative learning.

PubMed

De Loof, Esther; Ergo, Kate; Naert, Lien; Janssens, Clio; Talsma, Durk; Van Opstal, Filip; Verguts, Tom

2018-01-01

Reward prediction errors (RPEs) are thought to drive learning. This has been established in procedural learning (e.g., classical and operant conditioning). However, empirical evidence on whether RPEs drive declarative learning-a quintessentially human form of learning-remains surprisingly absent. We therefore coupled RPEs to the acquisition of Dutch-Swahili word pairs in a declarative learning paradigm. Signed RPEs (SRPEs; "better-than-expected" signals) during declarative learning improved recognition in a follow-up test, with increasingly positive RPEs leading to better recognition. In addition, classic declarative memory mechanisms such as time-on-task failed to explain recognition performance. The beneficial effect of SRPEs on recognition was subsequently affirmed in a replication study with visual stimuli.

On the front lines in Coalinga

USGS Publications Warehouse

Marcussen, G.

1984-01-01

Actually, the first step is to declare an emergency. The city council can ratify it later. The declaration is in your emergency preparedness plan, if you can find it. Mine was under a pile of debris; but after, I turned it up, I located an old declaration from a flood disaster and inserted the word "earthquake" wherever I found the word "flood." The declaration is necessary to give the city some protection from liability, which unfortunately, it will need. 

[Selective alteration of the declarative memory systems in patients treated with a high number of electroconvulsive therapy sessions].

PubMed

Rami-González, L; Boget-Llucià, T; Bernardo, M; Marcos, T; Cañizares-Alejos, S; Penadés, R; Portella, M J; Castelví, M; Raspall, T; Salamero, M

The reversible electrochemical effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on specific areas of the brain enable the neuroanatomical bases of some cognitive functions to be studied. In research carried out on memory systems, a selective alteration of the declarative ones has been observed after treatment with ECT. Little work has been done to explore the differential alteration of the memory subsystems in patients with a high number of ECT sessions. AIM. To study the declarative and non declarative memory system in psychiatric patients submitted to maintenance ECT treatment, with a high number of previous ECT sessions. 20 patients submitted to treatment with ECT (10 diagnosed as having depression and 10 with schizophrenia) and 20 controls, who were paired by age, sex and psychopathological diagnosis. For the evaluation of the declarative memory system, the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) logical memory test was used. The Hanoi Tower procedural test was employed to evaluate the non declarative system. Patients treated with ECT performed worse in the WMS logical memory test, but this was only significant in patients diagnosed as suffering from depression. No significant differences were observed in the Hanoi Tower test. A selective alteration of the declarative systems was observed in patients who had been treated with a high number of ECT sessions, while the non declarative memory systems remain unaffected.

New European initiatives in colorectal cancer screening: Budapest Declaration. Official appeal during the Hungarian Presidency of the Council of the European Union under the Auspices of the United European Gastroenterology Federation, the European Association for Gastroenterology and Endoscopy and the Hungarian Society of Gastroenterology.

PubMed

Wittmann, Tibor; Stockbrugger, Reinhold; Herszényi, László; Jonkers, Daisy; Molnár, Béla; Saurin, Jean-Christophe; Regula, Jaroslaw; Malesci, Alberto; Laghi, Luigi; Pintér, Tamás; Teleky, Béla; Dítě, Petr; Tulassay, Zsolt

2012-01-01

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common newly diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of death in the European Union (EU). CRC is an enormous health and economic burden. Early detection and prevention have the possibility of reducing this burden significantly. Many cancer-associated deaths can be avoided through early detection by high-quality colorectal screening programs followed by appropriate treatment. Under the auspices of the United European Gastroenterology Federation (UEGF), the European Association for Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, the Hungarian Society of Gastroenterology and the Hungarian College of Gastroenterology, the 'Budapest Declaration' (2011) was an accepted official scientific program during the Hungarian Presidency of the Council of the European Union. The Budapest Declaration follows the Munich Declaration (2001), the Brussels Declaration (2007), the Transatlantic Declaration (2009), the Barcelona Declaration (2010), the written declaration of CRC screening, a joint initiative with European Parliamentarians coordinated by the UEGF, and finally, the 'European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Colorectal Cancer Screening and Diagnosis'. The 'Budapest Declaration' together with previous declarations aims to urge the national and supranational healthcare decision makers to launch new Europe-wide initiatives to establish high-quality CRC programs to achieve optimal efficiency in CRC screening. In case of implementation of the proposals, actions and conditions recommended, we can achieve that one of the basic principles of the EU - the chance of equal access - be realized in member states with respect to the prevention of CRC and reduction of cancer-related mortality. To better achieve this goal, we propose to establish an UEGF joint committee, with one participant representing each EU member state to coordinate and supervise the implementation of CRC screening. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Energy-Conscious Design. Part 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawrence, Jerry

1984-01-01

Practical energy-design elements adaptable for schools include building orientation and shape, inclusion of an energy-storage system, window placement, double or triple window glazing, air-curtain windows, and the use of earth berms and trees as wind breaks. (MLF)

The cyanobacterial ornithine-ammonia cycle involves an arginine dihydrolase.

PubMed

Zhang, Hao; Liu, Yujie; Nie, Xiaoqun; Liu, Lixia; Hua, Qiang; Zhao, Guo-Ping; Yang, Chen

2018-06-01

Living organisms have evolved mechanisms for adjusting their metabolism to adapt to environmental nutrient availability. Terrestrial animals utilize the ornithine-urea cycle to dispose of excess nitrogen derived from dietary protein. Here, we identified an active ornithine-ammonia cycle (OAC) in cyanobacteria through an approach combining dynamic 15 N and 13 C tracers, metabolomics, and mathematical modeling. The pathway starts with carbamoyl phosphate synthesis by the bacterial- and plant-type glutamine-dependent enzyme and ends with conversion of arginine to ornithine and ammonia by a novel arginine dihydrolase. An arginine dihydrolase-deficient mutant showed disruption of OAC and severely impaired cell growth when nitrogen availability oscillated. We demonstrated that the OAC allows for rapid remobilization of nitrogen reserves under starvation and a high rate of nitrogen assimilation and storage after the nutrient becomes available. Thus, the OAC serves as a conduit in the nitrogen storage-and-remobilization machinery in cyanobacteria and enables cellular adaptation to nitrogen fluctuations.

Passively Adaptive Inflatable Structure for the Shooting Star Experiment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tinker, Michael L..

1998-01-01

An inflatable structural system is described for the Shooting Star Experiment that is a technology demonstrator flight for solar thermal propulsion. The inflatable structure is a pressurized assembly used in orbit to support a fresnel lens for focusing sunlight into a thermal storage engine. When the engine temperature reaches a preset level, the propellant is injected into the storage engine, absorbs heat from a heat exchanger, and is expanded through the nozzle to produce thrust. The inflatable structure is an adaptive system in that a regulator and relief valve are utilized to maintain pressure within design limits during the full range of orbital conditions. Further, the polyimide film material used for construction of the inflatable is highly nonlinear, with modulus varying as a function of frequency, temperature, and level of excitation. A series of tests is described for characterizing the structure in response to various operating conditions.

Experimental results from a laboratory-scale molten salt thermocline storage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seubert, Bernhard; Müller, Ralf; Willert, Daniel; Fluri, Thomas

2017-06-01

Single-tank storage presents a valid option for cost reduction in thermal energy storage systems. For low-temperature systems with water as storage medium this concept is widely implemented and tested. For high-temperature systems very limited experimental data are publicly available. To improve this situation a molten salt loop for experimental testing of a single-tank storage prototype was designed and built at Fraunhofer ISE. The storage tank has a volume of 0.4 m3 or a maximum capacity of 72 kWhth. The maximum charging and discharging power is 60 kW, however, a bypass flow control system enables to operate the system also at a very low power. The prototype was designed to withstand temperatures up to 550 °C. A cascaded insulation with embedded heating cables can be used to reduce the effect of heat loss on the storage which is susceptible to edge effects due to its small size. During the first tests the operating temperatures were adapted to the conditions in systems with thermal oil as heat transfer fluid and a smaller temperature difference. A good separation between cold and hot fluid was achieved with temperature gradients of 95 K within 16 cm.

Eternal 5D optical data storage in glass (Conference Presentation)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kazansky, Peter G.; Cerkauskaite, Ausra; Drevinskas, Rokas; Zhang, Jingyu

2016-09-01

A decade ago it has been discovered that during femtosecond laser writing self-organized subwavelength structures with record small features of 20 nm, could be created in the volume of silica glass. On the macroscopic scale the self-assembled nanostructure behaves as a uniaxial optical crystal with negative birefringence. The optical anisotropy, which results from the alignment of nano-platelets, referred to as form birefringence, is of the same order of magnitude as positive birefringence in crystalline quartz. The two independent parameters describing birefringence, the slow axis orientation (4th dimension) and the strength of retardance (5th dimension), are explored for the optical encoding of information in addition to three spatial coordinates. The slow axis orientation and the retardance are independently manipulated by the polarization and intensity of the femtosecond laser beam. The data optically encoded into five dimensions is successfully retrieved by quantitative birefringence measurements. The storage allows unprecedented parameters including hundreds of terabytes per disc data capacity and thermal stability up to 1000°. Even at elevated temperatures of 160oC, the extrapolated decay time of nanogratings is comparable with the age of the Universe - 13.8 billion years. The recording of the digital documents, which will survive the human race, including the eternal copies of Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Newton's Opticks, Kings James Bible and Magna Carta, is a vital step towards an eternal archive. Additionally, a number of projects (such as Time Capsule to Mars, MoonMail, and the Google Lunar XPRIZE) could benefit from the technique's extreme durability, which fulfills a crucial requirement for storage on the Moon or Mars.

Power electronic interface circuits for batteries and ultracapacitors in electric vehicles and battery storage systems

DOEpatents

King, Robert Dean; DeDoncker, Rik Wivina Anna Adelson

1998-01-01

A method and apparatus for load leveling of a battery in an electrical power system includes a power regulator coupled to transfer power between a load and a DC link, a battery coupled to the DC link through a first DC-to-DC converter and an auxiliary passive energy storage device coupled to the DC link through a second DC-to-DC converter. The battery is coupled to the passive energy storage device through a unidirectional conducting device whereby the battery can supply power to the DC link through each of the first and second converters when battery voltage exceeds voltage on the passive storage device. When the load comprises a motor capable of operating in a regenerative mode, the converters are adapted for transferring power to the battery and passive storage device. In this form, resistance can be coupled in circuit with the second DC-to-DC converter to dissipate excess regenerative power.

Power electronic interface circuits for batteries and ultracapacitors in electric vehicles and battery storage systems

DOEpatents

King, R.D.; DeDoncker, R.W.A.A.

1998-01-20

A method and apparatus for load leveling of a battery in an electrical power system includes a power regulator coupled to transfer power between a load and a DC link, a battery coupled to the DC link through a first DC-to-DC converter and an auxiliary passive energy storage device coupled to the DC link through a second DC-to-DC converter. The battery is coupled to the passive energy storage device through a unidirectional conducting device whereby the battery can supply power to the DC link through each of the first and second converters when battery voltage exceeds voltage on the passive storage device. When the load comprises a motor capable of operating in a regenerative mode, the converters are adapted for transferring power to the battery and passive storage device. In this form, resistance can be coupled in circuit with the second DC-to-DC converter to dissipate excess regenerative power. 8 figs.

76 FR 26749 - New Mexico; Amendment No. 2 to Notice of a Major Disaster Declaration

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-09

... notice of a major disaster declaration for the State of New Mexico (FEMA-1962-DR), DATED March 24, 2011... declaration of March 24, 2011. The Pueblo of Acoma for Public Assistance. The following Catalog of Federal...

76 FR 23614 - New Mexico; Amendment No. 1 to Notice of a Major Disaster Declaration

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-27

... notice of a major disaster declaration for the State of New Mexico (FEMA-1962-DR), dated March 24, 2011... declaration of March 24, 2011. The Pueblos of Picuris, Pojoaque, San Felipe, and Santa Clara for Public...

76 FR 66110 - Pennsylvania Disaster Number PA-00044

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-25

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12822 and 12823] Pennsylvania Disaster Number... amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (FEMA... major disaster declaration for the Commonwealth of PENNSYLVANIA, dated 09/12/2011 is hereby amended to...

76 FR 68803 - Pennsylvania Disaster Number PA-00044

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-07

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12822 and 12823] Pennsylvania Disaster Number... amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (FEMA... disaster declaration for the State of Pennsylvania, dated 09/12/2011 is hereby amended to include the...

76 FR 61130 - Pennsylvania Disaster Number PA-00044

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-03

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12822 and 12823] Pennsylvania Disaster Number... amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (FEMA... disaster declaration for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, dated 09/12/2011 is hereby amended to include...

40 CFR 62.2400 - Identification of plan-negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Identification of plan-negative declaration. 62.2400 Section 62.2400 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR....2400 Identification of plan—negative declaration. Letter from Florida Department of Environmental...

40 CFR 62.7852 - Identification of plan-negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Mexico Fluoride Emissions from Primary Aluminum Plants § 62.7852 Identification of plan—negative declaration. The New Mexico Environmental Improvement Division and the Albuquerque Air Pollution Control... declaration. 62.7852 Section 62.7852 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR...

40 CFR 62.7852 - Identification of plan-negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Mexico Fluoride Emissions from Primary Aluminum Plants § 62.7852 Identification of plan—negative declaration. The New Mexico Environmental Improvement Division and the Albuquerque Air Pollution Control... declaration. 62.7852 Section 62.7852 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR...

40 CFR 62.7852 - Identification of plan-negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Mexico Fluoride Emissions from Primary Aluminum Plants § 62.7852 Identification of plan—negative declaration. The New Mexico Environmental Improvement Division and the Albuquerque Air Pollution Control... declaration. 62.7852 Section 62.7852 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR...

40 CFR 62.7852 - Identification of plan-negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Mexico Fluoride Emissions from Primary Aluminum Plants § 62.7852 Identification of plan—negative declaration. The New Mexico Environmental Improvement Division and the Albuquerque Air Pollution Control... declaration. 62.7852 Section 62.7852 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR...

40 CFR 62.7852 - Identification of plan-negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Mexico Fluoride Emissions from Primary Aluminum Plants § 62.7852 Identification of plan—negative declaration. The New Mexico Environmental Improvement Division and the Albuquerque Air Pollution Control... declaration. 62.7852 Section 62.7852 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR...

47 CFR 15.101 - Equipment authorization of unintentional radiators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

.... TV interface device Declaration of Conformity or Certification. Cable system terminal device Declaration of Conformity. Stand-alone cable input selector switch Verification. Class B personal computers... used with Class B personal computers Declaration of Conformity or Certification. 1 Class B personal...

47 CFR 15.101 - Equipment authorization of unintentional radiators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

.... TV interface device Declaration of Conformity or Certification. Cable system terminal device Declaration of Conformity. Stand-alone cable input selector switch Verification. Class B personal computers... used with Class B personal computers Declaration of Conformity or Certification. 1 Class B personal...

47 CFR 15.101 - Equipment authorization of unintentional radiators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

.... TV interface device Declaration of Conformity or Certification. Cable system terminal device Declaration of Conformity. Stand-alone cable input selector switch Verification. Class B personal computers... used with Class B personal computers Declaration of Conformity or Certification. 1 Class B personal...

47 CFR 15.101 - Equipment authorization of unintentional radiators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

.... TV interface device Declaration of Conformity or Certification. Cable system terminal device Declaration of Conformity. Stand-alone cable input selector switch Verification. Class B personal computers... used with Class B personal computers Declaration of Conformity or Certification. 1 Class B personal...

47 CFR 15.101 - Equipment authorization of unintentional radiators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

.... TV interface device Declaration of Conformity or Certification. Cable system terminal device Declaration of Conformity. Stand-alone cable input selector switch Verification. Class B personal computers... used with Class B personal computers Declaration of Conformity or Certification. 1 Class B personal...

Lack of involvement of medical writers and the pharmaceutical industry in publications retracted for misconduct: a systematic, controlled, retrospective study.

PubMed

Woolley, Karen L; Lew, Rebecca A; Stretton, Serina; Ely, Julie A; Bramich, Narelle J; Keys, Janelle R; Monk, Julie A; Woolley, Mark J

2011-06-01

The primary objective of this study was to quantify how many publications retracted because of misconduct involved declared medical writers (i.e., not ghostwriters) or declared pharmaceutical industry support. The secondary objective was to investigate factors associated with misconduct retractions. A systematic, controlled, retrospective, bibliometric study. Retracted publications dataset in the MEDLINE database. PubMed was searched (Limits: English, human, January 1966 - February 2008) to identify publications retracted because of misconduct. Publications retracted because of mistake served as the control group. Standardized definitions and data collection tools were used, and data were analyzed by an independent academic statistician. Of the 463 retracted publications retrieved, 213 (46%) were retracted because of misconduct. Publications retracted because of misconduct rarely involved declared medical writers (3/213; 1.4%) or declared pharmaceutical industry support (8/213; 3.8%); no misconduct retractions involved both declared medical writers and the industry. Retraction because of misconduct, rather than mistake, was significantly associated with: absence of declared medical writers (odds ratio: 0.16; 95% confidence interval: 0.05-0.57); absence of declared industry involvement (0.25; 0.11-0.58); single authorship (2.04; 1.01-4.12); first author having at least one other retraction (2.05; 1.35-3.11); and first author affiliated with a low/middle income country (2.34; 1.18-4.63). The main limitations of this study were restricting the search to English-language and human research articles. Publications retracted because of misconduct rarely involved declared medical writers or declared pharmaceutical industry support. Increased attention should focus on factors that are associated with misconduct retractions.

Evaluation of FTA cards as a laboratory and field sampling device for the detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus and serotyping by RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR.

PubMed

Muthukrishnan, Madhanmohan; Singanallur, Nagendrakumar B; Ralla, Kumar; Villuppanoor, Srinivasan A

2008-08-01

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) samples transported to the laboratory from far and inaccessible areas for serodiagnosis pose a major problem in a tropical country like India, where there is maximum temperature fluctuation. Inadequate storage methods lead to spoilage of FMDV samples collected from clinically positive animals in the field. Such samples are declared as non-typeable by the typing laboratories with the consequent loss of valuable epidemiological data. The present study evaluated the usefulness of FTA Classic Cards for the collection, shipment, storage and identification of the FMDV genome by RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR. The stability of the viral RNA, the absence of infectivity and ease of processing the sample for molecular methods make the FTA cards a useful option for transport of FMDV genome for identification and serotyping. The method can be used routinely for FMDV research as it is economical and the cards can be transported easily in envelopes by regular document transport methods. Live virus cannot be isolated from samples collected in FTA cards, which is a limitation. This property can be viewed as an advantage as it limits the risk of transmission of live virus.

Stability of BDNF in Human Samples Stored Up to 6 Months and Correlations of Serum and EDTA-Plasma Concentrations.

PubMed

Polyakova, Maryna; Schlögl, Haiko; Sacher, Julia; Schmidt-Kassow, Maren; Kaiser, Jochen; Stumvoll, Michael; Kratzsch, Jürgen; Schroeter, Matthias L

2017-06-03

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), an important neural growth factor, has gained growing interest in neuroscience, but many influencing physiological and analytical aspects still remain unclear. In this study we assessed the impact of storage time at room temperature, repeated freeze/thaw cycles, and storage at -80 °C up to 6 months on serum and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-plasma BDNF. Furthermore, we assessed correlations of serum and plasma BDNF concentrations in two independent sets of samples. Coefficients of variations (CVs) for serum BDNF concentrations were significantly lower than CVs of plasma concentrations ( n = 245, p = 0.006). Mean serum and plasma concentrations at all analyzed time points remained within the acceptable change limit of the inter-assay precision as declared by the manufacturer. Serum and plasma BDNF concentrations correlated positively in both sets of samples and at all analyzed time points of the stability assessment ( r = 0.455 to r s = 0.596; p < 0.004). In summary, when considering the acceptable change limit, BDNF was stable in serum and in EDTA-plasma up to 6 months. Due to a higher reliability, we suggest favoring serum over EDTA-plasma for future experiments assessing peripheral BDNF concentrations.

Laboratory tests for assessing adaptability and stickiness of dental composites.

PubMed

Rosentritt, Martin; Buczovsky, Sebastian; Behr, Michael; Preis, Verena

2014-09-01

Handling (stickiness, adaptability) of a dental composite does strongly influence quality and success of a dental restoration. The purpose was to develop an in vitro test, which allows for evaluating adaptability and stickiness. 15 dentists were asked for providing individual assessment (school scores 1-6) of five dental composites addressing adaptability and stickiness. Composites were applied with a dental plugger (d=1.8 mm) in a class I cavity (human tooth 17). The tooth was fixed on a force gauge for simultaneous determination of application forces with varying storage (6/25°C) and application temperatures (6/25°C). On basis of these data tensile tests were performed with a dental plugger (application force 1N/2N; v=35 mm/min) on PMMA- or human tooth plates. Composite was dosed onto the tip of the plugger and applied. Application and unplugging was performed once and unplugging forces (UF) and length of the adhesive flags (LAF) were determined at different storage (6/25°C) and application temperatures (25/37°C). Unplugging work (UW) was calculated from area of UF and LAF data. The individual assessment revealed significantly different temperature-dependent application forces between 0.58 N and 2.23 N. Adaptability was assessed between 2.1 and 2.8 school scores. Stickiness varied significantly between the materials (scores: 2-3.2). UW differed significantly between the materials with values between 3.20 N mm and 37.83 N mm. Between PMMA substrate or tooth slides and between 1N or 2N application force only small UW differences were found. The presented in vitro unplugging work allows for an in vitro estimation of the handling parameters adaptability and stickiness. Copyright © 2014 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effects of organic acids on thermal inactivation of acid and cold stressed Enterococcus faecium.

PubMed

Fernández, Ana; Alvarez-Ordóñez, Avelino; López, Mercedes; Bernardo, Ana

2009-08-01

In this study the adaptative response to heat (70 degrees C) of Enterococcus faecium using fresh and refrigerated (at 4 degrees C for up to 1 month) stationary phase cells grown in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) buffered at pH 7.4 (non-acid-adapted cells) and acidified BHI at pH values of 6.4 and 5.4 with acetic, ascorbic, citric, lactic, malic and hydrochloric acids (acid-adapted cells) was evaluated. In all cases, the survival curves obtained were concave upward. A mathematical model based on the Weibull distribution accurately described the inactivation kinetic. The results indicate that previous adaptation to a low pH increased the bacterial heat resistance, whereas the subsequent cold storage of cells reduced E. faecium thermal tolerance. Fresh acid-adapted cells showed t(2.5)-values (time needed to obtain an inactivation level of 2.5 log10 cycles) ranging from 2.57 to 9.51 min, while non-acid-adapted cells showed t(2.5)-values of 1.92 min. The extent of increased heat tolerance varied with the acid examined, resulting in the following order: citric > or = acetic > malic > or = lactic > hydrochloric > or = ascorbic. In contrast, cold storage progressively decreased E. faecium thermal resistance. The t(2.5) values found at the end of the period studied were about 2-3-fold lower than those corresponding to non-refrigerated cells, although this decrease was more marked (about 5-fold) when cells were grown in buffered BHI and BHI acidified at pH 5.4 with hydrochloric acid. These findings highlight the need for a better understanding of microbial response to various preservation stresses in order to increase the efficiency of thermal processes and to indicate the convenience of counterbalancing the benefits of the hurdle concept.

An Analysis of State Public Health Emergency Declarations

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Disaster responses often involve coordination among multiple levels of government and public and private sector collaboration. When emergencies raise health concerns, governments must include public health and health care systems in their response. A state government’s declaration of “public health emergency” can provide that state’s health sector with flexibility and guidance about response parameters. Although events including Hurricanes Katrina and Sandy and the H1N1 influenza outbreak provided opportunities for states to deploy their public health emergency powers, little has been reported about how states have used their authority to declare a public health emergency. I present a systematic identification and analysis of states’ public health emergency declarations, examine why these declarations were issued, and discuss their potential value. PMID:25033156

78 FR 4966 - Puerto Rico Disaster #PR-00018

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-23

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13445 and 13446] Puerto Rico Disaster PR-00018... Administrative declaration of a disaster for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico dated 01/10/2013. Incident: Tropical... which received an EIDL Declaration is Puerto Rico. (Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance Numbers 59002...

76 FR 70528 - Pennsylvania Disaster Number PA-00044

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-14

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12822 and 12823] Pennsylvania Disaster Number... amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the State of Pennsylvania (FEMA-4030-DR... major disaster declaration for the State of Pennsylvania, dated 09/12/2011 is hereby amended to extend...

76 FR 70527 - Pennsylvania Disaster Number PA-00042

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-14

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12820 and 12821] Pennsylvania Disaster Number... amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the State of Pennsylvania (FEMA-4025-DR... major disaster declaration for the State of Pennsylvania, dated 09/12/2011 is hereby amended to extend...

15 CFR 714.4 - Amended declaration or report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION REGULATIONS ACTIVITIES INVOLVING SCHEDULE 3 CHEMICALS § 714.4 Amended declaration or report. In order for BIS to maintain... following information that you have previously declared or reported: (1) Types of Schedule 3 chemicals...

44 CFR 206.35 - Requests for emergency declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Requests for emergency declarations. 206.35 Section 206.35 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY DISASTER ASSISTANCE FEDERAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE The Declaration Process § 206...

44 CFR 206.35 - Requests for emergency declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2012-10-01 2011-10-01 true Requests for emergency declarations. 206.35 Section 206.35 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY DISASTER ASSISTANCE FEDERAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE The Declaration Process § 206...

44 CFR 206.35 - Requests for emergency declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Requests for emergency declarations. 206.35 Section 206.35 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY DISASTER ASSISTANCE FEDERAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE The Declaration Process § 206...

44 CFR 206.35 - Requests for emergency declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Requests for emergency declarations. 206.35 Section 206.35 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY DISASTER ASSISTANCE FEDERAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE The Declaration Process § 206...

44 CFR 206.35 - Requests for emergency declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Requests for emergency declarations. 206.35 Section 206.35 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY DISASTER ASSISTANCE FEDERAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE The Declaration Process § 206...

40 CFR 62.7860 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Mexico Emissions from Existing Large Municipal Waste Combustion Units § 62.7860 Identification of sources—negative declaration. Letter from the City of Albuquerque Air Pollution Control Division dated September 10... declaration. 62.7860 Section 62.7860 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR...

40 CFR 62.7860 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Mexico Emissions from Existing Large Municipal Waste Combustion Units § 62.7860 Identification of sources—negative declaration. Letter from the City of Albuquerque Air Pollution Control Division dated September 10... declaration. 62.7860 Section 62.7860 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR...

40 CFR 62.7860 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Mexico Emissions from Existing Large Municipal Waste Combustion Units § 62.7860 Identification of sources—negative declaration. Letter from the City of Albuquerque Air Pollution Control Division dated September 10... declaration. 62.7860 Section 62.7860 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR...

37 CFR 41.203 - Declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Declaration. 41.203 Section 41.203 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PRACTICE BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD Patent Interferences § 41.203 Declaration. (a...

37 CFR 41.203 - Declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Declaration. 41.203 Section 41.203 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PRACTICE BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD Patent Interferences § 41.203 Declaration. (a...

76 FR 72715 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Cargo Manifest/Declaration, Stow Plan, Container Status...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-25

... Activities: Cargo Manifest/ Declaration, Stow Plan, Container Status Messages and Importer Security Filing... concerning the following information collection. Title: Cargo Manifest/Declaration, Stow Plan, Container... and other Federal agencies to comment on an information collection requirement concerning the Cargo...

77 FR 6135 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Cargo Manifest/Declaration, Stow Plan, Container Status...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-07

... Activities: Cargo Manifest/ Declaration, Stow Plan, Container Status Messages and Importer Security Filing... the Paperwork Reduction Act: Cargo Manifest/Declaration, Stow Plan, Container Status Messages and..., mechanical, or other technological techniques or other forms of information. Title: Cargo Manifest...

15 CFR 714.4 - Amended declaration or report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION REGULATIONS ACTIVITIES INVOLVING SCHEDULE 3 CHEMICALS § 714.4 Amended declaration or report. In order for BIS to maintain... following information that you have previously declared or reported: (1) Types of Schedule 3 chemicals...

Adapting Digital Libraries to Continual Evolution

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barkstrom, Bruce R.; Finch, Melinda; Ferebee, Michelle; Mackey, Calvin

2002-01-01

In this paper, we describe five investment streams (data storage infrastructure, knowledge management, data production control, data transport and security, and personnel skill mix) that need to be balanced against short-term operating demands in order to maximize the probability of long-term viability of a digital library. Because of the rapid pace of information technology change, a digital library cannot be a static institution. Rather, it has to become a flexible organization adapted to continuous evolution of its infrastructure.

The surface and deep structure of the waterfall illusion.

PubMed

Wade, Nicholas J; Ziefle, Martina

2008-11-01

The surface structure of the waterfall illusion or motion aftereffect (MAE) is its phenomenal visibility. Its deep structure will be examined in the context of a model of space and motion perception. The MAE can be observed following protracted observation of a pattern that is translating, rotating, or expanding/contracting, a static pattern appears to move in the opposite direction. The phenomenon has long been known, and it continues to present novel properties. One of the novel features of MAEs is that they can provide an ideal visual assay for distinguishing local from global processes. Motion during adaptation can be induced in a static central grating by moving surround gratings; the MAE is observed in the static central grating but not in static surrounds. The adaptation phase is local and the test phase is global. That is, localised adaptation can be expressed in different ways depending on the structure of the test display. These aspects of MAEs can be exploited to determine a variety of local/global interactions. Six experiments on MAEs are reported. The results indicated that relational motion is required to induce an MAE; the region adapted extends beyond that stimulated; storage can be complete when the MAE is not seen during the storage period; interocular transfer (IOT) is around 30% of monocular MAEs with phase alternation; large field spiral patterns yield MAEs with characteristic monocular and binocular interactions.

Report Summary--Rio Political Declaration on Social Determinants of Health: A Snapshot of Canadian Actions 2015.

PubMed

Stankiewicz, A; Herel, M; DesMeules, M

2015-09-01

In 2012, Canada and other United Nations (UN) Member States endorsed the "Rio Political Declaration on Social Determinants of Health" (Rio Declaration), a non-binding pledge which calls on World Health Organization (WHO) Member States to improve/influence the working and living conditions that affect health and well-being. The Rio Declaration sets out actions to address health inequities in five themes: to adopt better governance for health and development; to promote participation in policy making and implementation; to further reorient the health sector towards reducing health inequities; to strengthen global governance and collaboration; and to monitor and increase accountability. In 2013, following the endorsement of the Rio Declaration, the Government of Canada released a report to begin to document Canadian actions related to its five themes. Building on this first report, and in anticipation of WHO reporting on Member State implementation of the Rio Declaration at the May 2015 World Health Assembly, the Government of Canada developed the report, Rio Political Declaration on Social Determinants of Health: A Snapshot of Canadian Actions 2015, which showcases Canada's recent actions since 2013 contributing to the advancement of the five Rio Declaration themes. The report provides a current picture of the diverse spectrum of activities undertaken across levels of government and sectors to advance health equity and address social determinants of health in Canada, and intends to stimulate global and domestic exchange and uptake of promising practices to advance health equity.

76 FR 58557 - New York Disaster Number NY-00109

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-21

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12778 and 12779] New York Disaster Number NY... the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of New York... the President's major disaster declaration for Private Non-Profit organizations in the State of New...

76 FR 58558 - New York Disaster Number NY-00109

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-21

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12778 and 12779] New York Disaster Number NY... the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of New York... the President's major disaster declaration for Private Non-Profit organizations in the State of New...

77 FR 70203 - New York Disaster Number NY-00131

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-23

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13374 and 13375] New York Disaster Number NY... the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of New York... the President's major disaster declaration for Private Non-Profit organizations in the State of NEW...

77 FR 71666 - New York Disaster Number NY-00131

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-03

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13374 and 13375] New York Disaster Number NY... the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of New York... the President's major disaster declaration for Private Non-Profit organizations in the State of New...

76 FR 58559 - New York Disaster Number NY-00109

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-21

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12778 and 12779] New York Disaster Number NY... the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of New York... the President's major disaster declaration for Private Non-Profit organizations in the State of New...

76 FR 56855 - New York Disaster Number NY-00109

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-14

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12778 and 12779] New York Disaster Number NY... the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of New York... the President's major disaster declaration for Private Non-Profit organizations in the State of New...

77 FR 76587 - New York Disaster Number NY-00131

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-28

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13374 and 13375] New York Disaster Number NY... the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of New York... the President's major disaster declaration for Private Non-Profit organizations in the State of New...

76 FR 59178 - New York Disaster Number NY-00109

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-23

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12778 and 12779] New York Disaster Number NY... the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of New York... the President's major disaster declaration for Private Non-Profit organizations in the State of New...

76 FR 59179 - Puerto Rico Disaster Number PR-00014

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-23

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12768 and 12769] Puerto Rico Disaster Number... amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (FEMA-4017... major disaster declaration for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, dated 08/27/2011 is hereby amended to...

76 FR 59179 - Puerto Rico Disaster Number PR-00014

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-23

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12768 and 12769] Puerto Rico Disaster Number... amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (FEMA-4017... the Presidential disaster declaration for the Commonwealth of PUERTO RICO, dated 08/27/2011 is hereby...

76 FR 67244 - Puerto Rico Disaster Number PR-00014

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12768 and 12769] Puerto Rico Disaster Number... amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (FEMA-4017... major disaster declaration for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, dated 08/27/2011 is hereby amended to...

75 FR 76746 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Declaration of Ultimate Consignee That Articles Were...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-09

... Activities: Declaration of Ultimate Consignee That Articles Were Exported for Temporary Scientific or... That Articles Were Exported for Temporary Scientific or Educational Purposes. This is a proposed... forms of information. Title: Declaration of Ultimate Consignee That Articles Were Exported for Temporary...

76 FR 27739 - California Disaster #CA-00170 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-12

... Declaration of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Amendment 1. SUMMARY: This is an amendment to the Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of California..., Washington, DC 20416. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The notice of the Administrator's economic injury disaster...

76 FR 71057 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Crew's Effects Declaration

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-16

... Activities: Crew's Effects Declaration AGENCY: U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland... Budget (OMB) for review and approval in accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act: Crew's Effects... Effects Declaration. OMB Number: 1651-0020. Form Number: CBP Form 1304. Abstract: CBP Form 1304, Crew's...

7 CFR 786.102 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... by a natural disaster declaration, and any county contiguous to a county that qualifies by a natural... there is a verifiable sale or delivery record of milk marketed for commercial use. Natural disaster declaration means a natural disaster declaration issued by the Secretary of Agriculture after January 1, 2005...

7 CFR 786.102 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... by a natural disaster declaration, and any county contiguous to a county that qualifies by a natural... there is a verifiable sale or delivery record of milk marketed for commercial use. Natural disaster declaration means a natural disaster declaration issued by the Secretary of Agriculture after January 1, 2005...

7 CFR 786.102 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... by a natural disaster declaration, and any county contiguous to a county that qualifies by a natural... there is a verifiable sale or delivery record of milk marketed for commercial use. Natural disaster declaration means a natural disaster declaration issued by the Secretary of Agriculture after January 1, 2005...

7 CFR 786.102 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... by a natural disaster declaration, and any county contiguous to a county that qualifies by a natural... there is a verifiable sale or delivery record of milk marketed for commercial use. Natural disaster declaration means a natural disaster declaration issued by the Secretary of Agriculture after January 1, 2005...

44 CFR 206.36 - Requests for major disaster declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Requests for major disaster declarations. 206.36 Section 206.36 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY DISASTER ASSISTANCE FEDERAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE The Declaration Process § 206...

44 CFR 206.36 - Requests for major disaster declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Requests for major disaster declarations. 206.36 Section 206.36 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY DISASTER ASSISTANCE FEDERAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE The Declaration Process § 206...

44 CFR 206.36 - Requests for major disaster declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Requests for major disaster declarations. 206.36 Section 206.36 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY DISASTER ASSISTANCE FEDERAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE The Declaration Process § 206...

44 CFR 206.36 - Requests for major disaster declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Requests for major disaster declarations. 206.36 Section 206.36 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY DISASTER ASSISTANCE FEDERAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE The Declaration Process § 206...

44 CFR 206.36 - Requests for major disaster declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2012-10-01 2011-10-01 true Requests for major disaster declarations. 206.36 Section 206.36 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY DISASTER ASSISTANCE FEDERAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE The Declaration Process § 206...

50 CFR 14.64 - Exceptions to export declaration requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Exceptions to export declaration requirements. 14.64 Section 14.64 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... OF WILDLIFE AND PLANTS IMPORTATION, EXPORTATION, AND TRANSPORTATION OF WILDLIFE Wildlife Declarations...

50 CFR 14.62 - Exceptions to import declaration requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Exceptions to import declaration requirements. 14.62 Section 14.62 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... OF WILDLIFE AND PLANTS IMPORTATION, EXPORTATION, AND TRANSPORTATION OF WILDLIFE Wildlife Declarations...

40 CFR 62.5400 - Identification of plan-negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... declaration. The State Department of Environmental Quality Engineering submitted on January 18, 1989, a letter... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of plan-negative declaration. 62.5400 Section 62.5400 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR...

40 CFR 62.5375 - Identification of plan-negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...—negative declaration. The State Department of Environmental Quality Engineering submitted on July 31, 1979... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of plan-negative declaration. 62.5375 Section 62.5375 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR...

40 CFR 62.5350 - Identification of plan-negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... declaration. The State Department of Environmental Quality Engineering submitted on April 12, 1978, a letter... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of plan-negative declaration. 62.5350 Section 62.5350 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR...

19 CFR 122.83 - Forms required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

.... (a) Traveling general declaration and manifest. When applying for examination and release from an airport or place of entry in the U.S., the aircraft commander or agent shall file a traveling general declaration and manifest. The traveling general declaration and manifest is one certified copy of the original...

40 CFR 62.7854 - Identification of plan-negative declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... of this chapter. (b) Letter from the City of Albuquerque Air Pollution Control Division dated... declaration. 62.7854 Section 62.7854 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... declaration. (a)The State Department of Health and Social Services submitted on October 31, 1977, a letter...

78 FR 41942 - Alaska; Major Disaster and Related Determinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-12

... President issued a major disaster declaration under the authority of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief... disaster declaration under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, 42 U.S.C...; 97.048, Disaster Housing Assistance to Individuals and Households In Presidentially Declared Disaster...

78 FR 32414 - Illinois; Major Disaster and Related Determinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-30

... President issued a major disaster declaration under the authority of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief... magnitude to warrant a major disaster declaration under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency..., Disaster Housing Assistance to Individuals and Households In Presidentially Declared Disaster Areas; 97.049...

75 FR 51834 - Mississippi; Amendment No. 3 to Notice of a Major Disaster Declaration

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-23

... concerning Federal funds provided under the authority of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency... Management Assistance Grant; 97.048, Disaster Housing Assistance to Individuals and Households In Presidentially Declared Disaster Areas; 97.049, Presidentially Declared Disaster Assistance--Disaster Housing...

Mitigating Short-Term Variations of Photovoltaic Generation Using Energy Storage with VOLTTRON

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morrissey, Kevin

A smart-building communications system performs smoothing on photovoltaic (PV) power generation using a battery energy storage system (BESS). The system runs using VOLTTRON(TM), a multi-agent python-based software platform dedicated to power systems. The VOLTTRON(TM) system designed for this project runs synergistically with the larger University of Washington VOLTTRON(TM) environment, which is designed to operate UW device communications and databases as well as to perform real-time operations for research. One such research algorithm that operates simultaneously with this PV Smoothing System is an energy cost optimization system which optimizes net demand and associated cost throughout a day using the BESS. The PV Smoothing System features an active low-pass filter with an adaptable time constant, as well as adjustable limitations on the output power and accumulated battery energy of the BESS contribution. The system was analyzed using 26 days of PV generation at 1-second resolution. PV smoothing was studied with unconstrained BESS contribution as well as under a broad range of BESS constraints analogous to variable-sized storage. It was determined that a large inverter output power was more important for PV smoothing than a large battery energy capacity. Two methods of selecting the time constant in real time, static and adaptive, are studied for their impact on system performance. It was found that both systems provide a high level of PV smoothing performance, within 8% of the ideal case where the best time constant is known ahead of time. The system was run in real time using VOLTTRON(TM) with BESS limitations of 5 kW/6.5 kWh and an adaptive update period of 7 days. The system behaved as expected given the BESS parameters and time constant selection methods, providing smoothing on the PV generation and updating the time constant periodically using the adaptive time constant selection method.

Maximize Life Global Cancer Awareness Campaign: improving the lives of cancer patients while increasing global awareness of their needs.

PubMed

Garcia-Gonzalez, Pat; Schwartz, Erin L

2012-01-01

In October 2010 The Max Foundation, in partnership with 30 cancer patient associations in emerging countries, organized a global cancer awareness campaign. The aims of the campaign were: (i) to increase awareness of the needs of people living with cancer in developing countries; (ii) to increase local visibility of patient associations in their countries; (iii) to collect more than 10,000 signatures to the World Cancer Declaration (WCD); and (iv) to improve the lives of cancer survivors by providing them with an opportunity to express their feelings about the disease. The campaign was developed as a global effort, to be implemented by local patient associations through their volunteer survivors and caregivers. The methodology at the global level included developing the framework, branding, and communication tools, while making available limited funding and heavy logistical support. Local patient associations were encouraged to adapt the initiative to a culturally accepted format. Key elements of the campaign were the mix of low tech and high tech elements to allow low tech populations to participate while promoting the initiative using social media and high tech tools. Additionally, the participation of survivors and caregivers ensured the campaign provided immediate benefit to cancer patients. Finally, the addition of the World Cancer Declaration provided a strong unifying component. More than 60 events were held in 31 countries around the world, collecting more than 13,000 signatures to the World Cancer Declaration and a similar number of support messages to cancer survivors representing 84 countries. Local events gained local media visibility in many countries, and the campaign was promoted in multiple international forums and Web sites. This initiative involving mobilization of volunteers and the development of a global initiative as a grassroots movement taught important lessons on media outreach and selection of leaders for a cancer awareness campaign.

Proinsulin is stable at room temperature for 24 hours in EDTA: A clinical laboratory analysis (adAPT 3).

PubMed

Davidson, Jane; McDonald, Timothy; Sutherland, Calum; Mostazir, Mohammod; VanAalten, Lidy; Wilkin, Terence

2017-01-01

Reference laboratories advise immediate separation and freezing of samples for the assay of proinsulin, which limit its practicability for smaller centres. Following the demonstration that insulin and C-peptide are stable in EDTA at room temperature for at least 24hours, we undertook simple stability studies to establish whether the same might apply to proinsulin. Venous blood samples were drawn from six adult women, some fasting, some not, aliquoted and assayed immediately and after storage at either 4°C or ambient temperature for periods from 2h to 24h. There was no significant variation or difference with storage time or storage condition in either individual or group analysis. Proinsulin appears to be stable at room temperature in EDTA for at least 24h. Immediate separation and storage on ice of samples for proinsulin assay is not necessary, which will simplify sample transport, particularly for multicentre trials.

Portable ultrahigh-vacuum sample storage system for polarization-dependent total-reflection fluorescence x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Watanabe, Yoshihide, E-mail: e0827@mosk.tytlabs.co.jp; Nishimura, Yusaku F.; Suzuki, Ryo

A portable ultrahigh-vacuum sample storage system was designed and built to investigate the detailed geometric structures of mass-selected metal clusters on oxide substrates by polarization-dependent total-reflection fluorescence x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (PTRF-XAFS). This ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) sample storage system provides the handover of samples between two different sample manipulating systems. The sample storage system is adaptable for public transportation, facilitating experiments using air-sensitive samples in synchrotron radiation or other quantum beam facilities. The samples were transferred by the developed portable UHV transfer system via a public transportation at a distance over 400 km. The performance of the transfer system was demonstratedmore » by a successful PTRF-XAFS study of Pt{sub 4} clusters deposited on a TiO{sub 2}(110) surface.« less

[Medical image compression: a review].

PubMed

Noreña, Tatiana; Romero, Eduardo

2013-01-01

Modern medicine is an increasingly complex activity , based on the evidence ; it consists of information from multiple sources : medical record text , sound recordings , images and videos generated by a large number of devices . Medical imaging is one of the most important sources of information since they offer comprehensive support of medical procedures for diagnosis and follow-up . However , the amount of information generated by image capturing gadgets quickly exceeds storage availability in radiology services , generating additional costs in devices with greater storage capacity . Besides , the current trend of developing applications in cloud computing has limitations, even though virtual storage is available from anywhere, connections are made through internet . In these scenarios the optimal use of information necessarily requires powerful compression algorithms adapted to medical activity needs . In this paper we present a review of compression techniques used for image storage , and a critical analysis of them from the point of view of their use in clinical settings.

Artificial Permafrost and the Application to the Low Temperature Storage for Foodstuffs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ryokai, Kimitoshi; Fukuda, Masami

In the cold regions like Hokkaido and Tohoku Districts, they have been advocating snow-overcoming, advantages of snow and effective utilization of cold climate. In fact, they have been positively trying to make use of snow and coldness as water resources, energy sources, structural materials and so on. One of energy utilization is for low temperature storage of foods. Since the potatoes have properties of adapting themselves to cold temperature when they are stored under cold environment, they have the tendency of growing in their sugar contents. As the results, all those foods which are stored under these cold environments will be the products of higher additional value. Here we will introduce the present situation of low temperature storage of foods by artificial permafrost, not only as the construction materials for cold storage house itself but also utilizing its own cold temperature.

Inventory of Drug Samples in a Health Care Institution

PubMed Central

Soucy, Geneviève; Bussières, Jean-François; Tardif, Lyne; Bailey, Benoît

2009-01-01

Background: Few data exist on the presence of drug samples in health care facilities. Although the use of drug samples has potential benefits, this practice is also controversial, as it can contribute to non-optimal drug use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inventory of drug samples in a health care institution and to determine compliance with existing policies and procedures. Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted in a university hospital centre from October 18 to November 1, 2007. A standardized data collection form was used for a physical inventory, which was intended to identify all drug samples available in the institution. The following information was recorded: number of locations where drug samples were found, primary patient care activity performed at each location, number of storage areas in the location, type of storage, presence of a lock, location of the key (if a lock was present), medical specialty, number of physicians and nurses likely to use the samples, reasons given for handing out samples, presence of a designated person to manage the samples, physical inventory (i.e., various details for each distribution unit), and declaration of samples to the pharmacy department. The inventory was conducted by 2 research assistants during day shifts. Results: A total of 84 locations were included in the inventory, and drug samples were found in 21 locations (with a total of 31 storage areas). All of the locations were intended for ambulatory patients (outpatient clinics and day centres). No drug samples were found in inpatient care units. The drug samples, which came from 62 different pharmaceutical companies, represented a total of 159 generic entities and 266 different brands. Of the distribution units for drug samples that were identified during this inventory, 59% were not on the hospital’s local formulary. Furthermore, only 3.5% of the distribution units had been declared to the pharmacy department, in accordance with established policy. The sample distribution units, including expired units, totalled 78 955 doses, with a total value of Can$48 783 (based on unit prices in effect in October 2007). Conclusion: This study presents an inventory of drug samples in an urban health care institution and reports compliance with the institution’s policies and procedures regarding drug samples. Samples were found only in outpatient clinics and represented 2.4 times the hospital’s floor stock of medications. Most of the samples inventoried were not listed on the hospital’s formulary. It appears that the use of drug samples is underestimated in hospital settings. Further studies are needed to evaluate the importance of drug samples and the risks associated with their use. PMID:22478908

37 CFR 2.167 - Affidavit or declaration under section 15.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Affidavit or declaration under section 15. 2.167 Section 2.167 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE RULES OF PRACTICE IN TRADEMARK CASES Affidavit Or Declaration Under...

76 FR 61130 - New York Disaster Number NY-00110

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-03

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12824 and 12825] New York Disaster Number NY... the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the State of New York (FEMA-4031-DR), dated 09/13... major disaster declaration for the State of New York, dated 09/13/2011 is hereby amended to establish...

76 FR 56852 - New York Disaster Number NY-00108

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-14

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12776 and 12777] New York Disaster Number NY... the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the State of New York (FEMA-4020-DR), dated 08/31... major disaster declaration for the State of New York, dated 08/31/2011 is hereby amended to establish...

Accounting for Change in Declarative Memory: A Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Richmond, Jenny; Nelson, Charles A.

2007-01-01

The medial temporal lobe memory system matures relatively early and supports rudimentary declarative memory in young infants. There is considerable development, however, in the memory processes that underlie declarative memory performance during infancy. Here we consider age-related changes in encoding, retention, and retrieval in the context of…

76 FR 56858 - Puerto Rico Disaster Number PR-00014

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-14

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12768 and 12769] Puerto Rico Disaster Number... amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (FEMA-4017... disaster declaration for the Commonwealth of PUERTO RICO, dated 08/27/2011 is hereby amended to include the...

76 FR 62133 - Puerto Rico Disaster Number PR-00014

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-06

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12768 and 12769] Puerto Rico Disaster Number... amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (FEMA-4017... disaster declaration for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, dated 08/27/2011 is hereby amended to include the...

76 FR 74837 - Puerto Rico Disaster Number PR-00014

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-01

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12768 and 12769] Puerto Rico Disaster Number... amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the State of Puerto Rico (FEMA-4017-DR... disaster declaration for the State of Puerto Rico, dated 08/27/2011 is hereby amended to extend the...

76 FR 71248 - Animal Food Labeling; Declaration of Certifiable Color Additives

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-17

.... FDA-2009-N-0025] Animal Food Labeling; Declaration of Certifiable Color Additives AGENCY: Food and... amending its regulations regarding the declaration of certified color additives on the labels of animal... common or usual names of all color additives required to be certified by FDA. An additional purpose of...

19 CFR 148.111 - Written declaration for unaccompanied articles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Written declaration for unaccompanied articles... of the United States § 148.111 Written declaration for unaccompanied articles. The baggage... covers articles which do not accompany him and: (a) The articles are entitled to free entry under the $1...

19 CFR 148.111 - Written declaration for unaccompanied articles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Written declaration for unaccompanied articles... of the United States § 148.111 Written declaration for unaccompanied articles. The baggage... covers articles which do not accompany him and: (a) The articles are entitled to free entry under the $1...

76 FR 27079 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Declaration of Unaccompanied Articles

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-10

... Activities: Declaration of Unaccompanied Articles AGENCY: U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of...: Declaration of Unaccompanied Articles (CBP Form 255). This is a proposed extension of an information... Articles. OMB Number: 1651-0030. Form Number: CBP Form 255. Abstract: CBP Form 255 is completed by...

19 CFR 148.111 - Written declaration for unaccompanied articles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Written declaration for unaccompanied articles... of the United States § 148.111 Written declaration for unaccompanied articles. The baggage... covers articles which do not accompany him and: (a) The articles are entitled to free entry under the $1...

19 CFR 148.111 - Written declaration for unaccompanied articles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Written declaration for unaccompanied articles... of the United States § 148.111 Written declaration for unaccompanied articles. The baggage... covers articles which do not accompany him and: (a) The articles are entitled to free entry under the $1...

78 FR 26679 - Massachusetts Disaster #MA-00055 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-07

... Declaration of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts..., applications for economic injury disaster loans may be filed at the address listed above or other locally...

77 FR 76585 - Oregon Disaster #OR-00045 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-28

... Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of Oregon, dated 12/12/2012. Incident: Pole... result of the Administrator's EIDL declaration, applications for economic injury disaster loans may be...

76 FR 23639 - Oklahoma Disaster #OK-00046 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-27

... of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of Oklahoma, dated 04/19/2011... hereby given that as a result of the Administrator's EIDL declaration, applications for economic injury...

78 FR 49318 - Colorado Disaster # CO-00055 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-13

... of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of Colorado, dated 08/06/2013... given that as a result of the Administrator's EIDL declaration, applications for economic injury...

76 FR 27738 - Connecticut Disaster #CT-00021 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-12

... of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of Connecticut, dated 05/04... hereby given that as a result of the Administrator's EIDL declaration, applications for economic injury...

78 FR 66983 - Massachusetts Disaster #MA-00056 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-07

... Declaration of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts..., applications for economic injury disaster loans may be filed at the address listed above or other locally...

78 FR 56979 - Oregon Disaster #OR-00051 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-16

... Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of Oregon, dated 09/06/2013. Incident... result of the Administrator's EIDL declaration, applications for economic injury disaster loans may be...

78 FR 44186 - Colorado Disaster # CO-00058 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-23

... of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice SUMMARY: This is a notice of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of Colorado, dated 07/15/2013... given that as a result of the Administrator's EIDL declaration, applications for economic injury...

29 CFR 18.803 - Hearsay exceptions; availability of declarant immaterial.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., or immediately thereafter. (2) Excited utterance. A statement relating to a startling event or condition made while the declarant was under the stress of excitement caused by the event or condition. (3... remembered or believed unless it relates to the execution, revocation, identification, or terms of declarant...

37 CFR 1.68 - Declaration in lieu of oath.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Declaration in lieu of oath..., the declarant is on the same document, warned that willful false statements and the like are... information and belief are believed to be true. [49 FR 48452, Dec. 12, 1984] ...

37 CFR 1.68 - Declaration in lieu of oath.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Declaration in lieu of oath..., the declarant is on the same document, warned that willful false statements and the like are... information and belief are believed to be true. [49 FR 48452, Dec. 12, 1984] ...

42 CFR 431.980 - Eligibility review procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... plan during the month under review. (vi) Elements of eligibility in which State policy allows for self-declaration or self-certification are considered to be verified with a self-declaration or self-certification statement. The self-declaration or self-certification must be— (A) Present in the record; (B) Not outdated...

7 CFR 786.100 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... production losses in eligible counties as a result of a natural disaster declared during the period between... of January 2, 2005, through December 30, 2007, in a county declared a natural disaster by the... to a county that is directly eligible by way of a natural disaster declaration are also eligible...

7 CFR 786.100 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... production losses in eligible counties as a result of a natural disaster declared during the period between... of January 2, 2005, through December 30, 2007, in a county declared a natural disaster by the... to a county that is directly eligible by way of a natural disaster declaration are also eligible...

7 CFR 786.100 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... production losses in eligible counties as a result of a natural disaster declared during the period between... of January 2, 2005, through December 30, 2007, in a county declared a natural disaster by the... to a county that is directly eligible by way of a natural disaster declaration are also eligible...

7 CFR 786.100 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... production losses in eligible counties as a result of a natural disaster declared during the period between... of January 2, 2005, through December 30, 2007, in a county declared a natural disaster by the... to a county that is directly eligible by way of a natural disaster declaration are also eligible...

7 CFR 786.100 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... production losses in eligible counties as a result of a natural disaster declared during the period between... of January 2, 2005, through December 30, 2007, in a county declared a natural disaster by the... to a county that is directly eligible by way of a natural disaster declaration are also eligible...

75 FR 44994 - Florida Disaster # FL-00056 Declaration of Economic Injury

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-30

... of Economic Injury AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Amendment 1. SUMMARY: This is an amendment of an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) declaration for the State of FLORIDA, dated.... SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The notice of an Economic Injury declaration for the State of Florida dated 05/13...

9 CFR 93.305 - Declaration and other documents for horses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... horses. 93.305 Section 93.305 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE...; REQUIREMENTS FOR MEANS OF CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Horses § 93.305 Declaration and other documents for horses. (a) The certificates, declarations, and affidavits required by the regulations in this...

21 CFR 1313.23 - Distribution of export declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Distribution of export declaration. 1313.23 Section 1313.23 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND...; declaration forms for list II chemical must be retained for two years. (b) Copy 2 is the Drug Enforcement...

44 CFR 204.24 - Determination on request for a fire management assistance declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... ASSISTANCE GRANT PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.24 Determination on request for a fire management... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Determination on request for a fire management assistance declaration. 204.24 Section 204.24 Emergency Management and Assistance...

44 CFR 204.24 - Determination on request for a fire management assistance declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... ASSISTANCE GRANT PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.24 Determination on request for a fire management... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2012-10-01 2011-10-01 true Determination on request for a fire management assistance declaration. 204.24 Section 204.24 Emergency Management and Assistance...

44 CFR 204.24 - Determination on request for a fire management assistance declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... ASSISTANCE GRANT PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.24 Determination on request for a fire management... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Determination on request for a fire management assistance declaration. 204.24 Section 204.24 Emergency Management and Assistance...

44 CFR 204.24 - Determination on request for a fire management assistance declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... ASSISTANCE GRANT PROGRAM Declaration Process § 204.24 Determination on request for a fire management... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Determination on request for a fire management assistance declaration. 204.24 Section 204.24 Emergency Management and Assistance...

77 FR 52379 - Disaster Declaration #13239 and #13240; OHIO Disaster # H-00030

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-29

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Disaster Declaration 13239 and 13240; OHIO Disaster H-00030 AGENCY... declaration of a major disaster for Public Assistance Only for the State of OHIO (FEMA-4077- DR), dated 08/20..., Perry, Pickaway, Pike, Putnam, Shelby, Van Wert, Washington. The Interest Rates are: Percent For...

19 CFR 148.16 - Amendment of declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

.... (a) Before examination. A passenger shall be permitted to add an article to his declaration if, before examination of his baggage has begun, the fact that the article has not been declared is brought to the attention of the examining officer by the passenger. (b) After examination is begun. A...

76 FR 58330 - New Hampshire Disaster Number NH-00019

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-20

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 12811 and 12812] New Hampshire Disaster Number... amendment of the Presidential declaration of a major disaster for the State of New Hampshire (FEMA--4026--DR... major disaster declaration for the State of New Hampshire, dated 09/07/2011 is hereby amended to...

77 FR 35699 - Proposed Information Collection; Request for Public Comment: Addendum to Declaration for Federal...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-14

...; Request for Public Comment: Addendum to Declaration for Federal Employment, Child Care and Indian Child...) for review. Proposed Collection: Title: Addendum to Declaration for Federal Employment, Child Care and Indian Child Care Worker Positions (OMB No. 0917-0028). Type of Information Collection Request: Extension...

15 CFR 711.2 - Who submits declarations, reports, and advance notifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... REQUIREMENTS, AND THE ELECTRONIC FILING OF DECLARATIONS AND REPORTS § 711.2 Who submits declarations, reports, and advance notifications. The owner, operator, or senior management official of a facility subject to... subchapter) is responsible for the submission of all required documents in accordance with all applicable...

15 CFR 711.2 - Who submits declarations, reports, and advance notifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... REQUIREMENTS, AND THE ELECTRONIC FILING OF DECLARATIONS AND REPORTS § 711.2 Who submits declarations, reports, and advance notifications. The owner, operator, or senior management official of a facility subject to... subchapter) is responsible for the submission of all required documents in accordance with all applicable...

15 CFR 711.2 - Who submits declarations, reports, and advance notifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... REQUIREMENTS, AND THE ELECTRONIC FILING OF DECLARATIONS AND REPORTS § 711.2 Who submits declarations, reports, and advance notifications. The owner, operator, or senior management official of a facility subject to... subchapter) is responsible for the submission of all required documents in accordance with all applicable...

15 CFR 711.2 - Who submits declarations, reports, and advance notifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... REQUIREMENTS, AND THE ELECTRONIC FILING OF DECLARATIONS AND REPORTS § 711.2 Who submits declarations, reports, and advance notifications. The owner, operator, or senior management official of a facility subject to... subchapter) is responsible for the submission of all required documents in accordance with all applicable...

15 CFR 711.2 - Who submits declarations, reports, and advance notifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... REQUIREMENTS, AND THE ELECTRONIC FILING OF DECLARATIONS AND REPORTS § 711.2 Who submits declarations, reports, and advance notifications. The owner, operator, or senior management official of a facility subject to... subchapter) is responsible for the submission of all required documents in accordance with all applicable...

10 CFR 26.209 - Self-declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Self-declarations. 26.209 Section 26.209 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION FITNESS FOR DUTY PROGRAMS Managing Fatigue § 26.209 Self-declarations. (a) If an individual is performing, or being assessed for, work under a waiver of one or more of the requirements...

10 CFR 26.209 - Self-declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Self-declarations. 26.209 Section 26.209 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION FITNESS FOR DUTY PROGRAMS Managing Fatigue § 26.209 Self-declarations. (a) If an individual is performing, or being assessed for, work under a waiver of one or more of the requirements...

10 CFR 26.209 - Self-declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Self-declarations. 26.209 Section 26.209 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION FITNESS FOR DUTY PROGRAMS Managing Fatigue § 26.209 Self-declarations. (a) If an individual is performing, or being assessed for, work under a waiver of one or more of the requirements...

15 CFR 714.6 - Deadlines for submission of Schedule 3 declarations, reports, and amendments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... report on exports and imports of Schedule 3 chemicals from plant sites, trading companies, and other... chemicals, by a declared plant site during the previous calendar year); (d) Annual declaration on... Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHEMICAL...

15 CFR 714.6 - Deadlines for submission of Schedule 3 declarations, reports, and amendments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... report on exports and imports of Schedule 3 chemicals from plant sites, trading companies, and other... chemicals, by a declared plant site during the previous calendar year); (d) Annual declaration on... Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHEMICAL...

15 CFR 714.6 - Deadlines for submission of Schedule 3 declarations, reports, and amendments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... report on exports and imports of Schedule 3 chemicals from plant sites, trading companies, and other... chemicals, by a declared plant site during the previous calendar year); (d) Annual declaration on... Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHEMICAL...

9 CFR 93.506 - Declaration and other documents for swine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... swine. 93.506 Section 93.506 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE...; REQUIREMENTS FOR MEANS OF CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Swine § 93.506 Declaration and other documents for swine. (a) The certificates, declarations, and affidavits required by the regulations in this part shall...

9 CFR 93.506 - Declaration and other documents for swine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... swine. 93.506 Section 93.506 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE...; REQUIREMENTS FOR MEANS OF CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Swine § 93.506 Declaration and other documents for swine. (a) The certificates, declarations, and affidavits required by the regulations in this part shall...

9 CFR 93.506 - Declaration and other documents for swine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... swine. 93.506 Section 93.506 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE...; REQUIREMENTS FOR MEANS OF CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Swine § 93.506 Declaration and other documents for swine. (a) The certificates, declarations, and affidavits required by the regulations in this part shall...

9 CFR 93.506 - Declaration and other documents for swine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... swine. 93.506 Section 93.506 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE...; REQUIREMENTS FOR MEANS OF CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Swine § 93.506 Declaration and other documents for swine. (a) The certificates, declarations, and affidavits required by the regulations in this part shall...

10 CFR 26.209 - Self-declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Self-declarations. 26.209 Section 26.209 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION FITNESS FOR DUTY PROGRAMS Managing Fatigue § 26.209 Self-declarations. (a) If an individual is performing, or being assessed for, work under a waiver of the requirements contained in § 26...

10 CFR 26.209 - Self-declarations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Self-declarations. 26.209 Section 26.209 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION FITNESS FOR DUTY PROGRAMS Managing Fatigue § 26.209 Self-declarations. (a) If an individual is performing, or being assessed for, work under a waiver of the requirements contained in § 26...

77 FR 2306 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request, Federal...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-17

... Request, Federal Hotel and Motel Fire Safety Declaration Form AGENCY: Federal Emergency Management Agency... Title: Federal Hotel and Motel Fire Safety Declaration Form. Type of information collection: Extension... Numbers: FEMA Form 516-0-1, Federal Hotel and Motel Fire Safety Declaration Form. Abstract: FEMA collects...

21 CFR 801.62 - Declaration of net quantity of contents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... paragraph (p) of this section. (c) The declaration may contain common or decimal fractions. A common... there exists a firmly established, general consumer usage and trade custom of employing different common fractions in the net quantity declaration of a particular commodity, they may be employed. A common fraction...

21 CFR 201.62 - Declaration of net quantity of contents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... this section. (c) The declaration may contain common or decimal fractions. A common fraction shall be... firmly established, general consumer usage and trade custom of employing different common fractions in the net quantity declaration of a particular commodity, they may be employed. A common fraction shall...

21 CFR 201.62 - Declaration of net quantity of contents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... this section. (c) The declaration may contain common or decimal fractions. A common fraction shall be... firmly established, general consumer usage and trade custom of employing different common fractions in the net quantity declaration of a particular commodity, they may be employed. A common fraction shall...

21 CFR 701.13 - Declaration of net quantity of contents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... will give such information. (d) The declaration may contain common or decimal fractions. A common... there exists a firmly established, general consumer usage and trade custom of employing different common fractions in the net quantity declaration of a particular commodity they may be employed. A common fraction...

44 CFR 204.23 - Processing a request for a fire management assistance declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... management assistance declaration. The Principal Advisor may consult with State agencies, usually emergency... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Processing a request for a fire management assistance declaration. 204.23 Section 204.23 Emergency Management and Assistance...

75 FR 82241 - Technical Correction: Completion of Entry and Entry Summary-Declaration of Value

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-30

... Entry Summary-- Declaration of Value AGENCY: Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland... manner by which the declared transaction value on imported merchandise was determined. This requirement... whether the transaction value of imported merchandise is determined on the basis of the price paid by the...

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Only a Foundation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reichert, Elisabeth

2002-01-01

Explains provisions contained within the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, tracing historical beginnings of human rights to 1945, detailing events after 1945 up to the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the United Nations, and explaining essential terminology used in describing human rights instruments that have been…

15 CFR 716.2 - Purposes and types of inspections of declared facilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Foreign Trade (Continued) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHEMICAL WEAPONS... chemical, except for the declared Schedule 1 chemicals; (ii) The quantities of Schedule 1 chemicals...; and (iii) The Schedule 1 chemical is not diverted or used for purposes other than those declared. (2...

15 CFR 716.2 - Purposes and types of inspections of declared facilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Foreign Trade (Continued) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHEMICAL WEAPONS... chemical, except for the declared Schedule 1 chemicals; (ii) The quantities of Schedule 1 chemicals...; and (iii) The Schedule 1 chemical is not diverted or used for purposes other than those declared. (2...

15 CFR 714.3 - Advance declaration requirements for additionally planned production of Schedule 3 chemicals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... COMMERCE CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION REGULATIONS ACTIVITIES INVOLVING SCHEDULE 3 CHEMICALS § 714.3 Advance declaration requirements for additionally planned production of Schedule 3 chemicals. (a) Declaration... additionally planned production of Schedule 3 chemicals. 714.3 Section 714.3 Commerce and Foreign Trade...

[The Helsinki Declaration: relativism and vulnerability].

PubMed

Diniz, D; Corrêa, M

2001-01-01

The Helsinki Declaration is a crucial ethical landmark for clinical research involving human beings. Since the Declaration was issued, a series of revisions and modifications have been introduced into the original text, but they have not altered its humanist approach or its international force for regulating clinical research. A proposal for an extensive revision of the Declaration's underlying ethical principles has been debated for the past four years. If the proposal is approved, international clinical research involving human beings will be modified, further increasing the vulnerability of certain social groups. This article discusses the historical process involved in passing the Helsinki Declaration and the most recent debate on the new draft. The article analyzes the new text's social implications for underdeveloped countries, arguing for a political approach to the vulnerability concept.

The social and policy contexts of the New Brunswick Declaration on Research Ethics, Integrity, and Governance: a commentary.

PubMed

van den Hoonaard, Will C

2013-04-01

This paper explores the social and policy implications of the "New Brunswick Declaration on Research Ethics, Integrity, and Governance" developed at the Ethics Rupture Summit in Fredericton, N.B., Canada, October 2012. It discusses the Declaration and the Summit in relation to the usual criticism and analysis of research ethics regimes, and considers reasons why the immense prior literature has had little impact on regulatory bodies. Because the Declaration, like the Illinois White Paper, has quickly achieved considerable attention relative to most other such documents, and because much further deliberation has evolved since the Summit, we offer here a commentary on each of the eight principles contained in the Declaration in the hope of further stimulating discussion and consolidating the progress that now seems underway.

Investigation of in vitro parameters and fertility of mouse ovary after storage at an optimal temperature and duration for transportation.

PubMed

Kamoshita, K; Okamoto, N; Nakajima, M; Haino, T; Sugimoto, K; Okamoto, A; Sugishita, Y; Suzuki, N

2016-04-01

How do the temperature and duration of storage affect ovaries during transportation? Fertility is reduced with the extension of the storage duration. Live birth has been reported after ovarian transport overnight on ice before freezing ovarian tissue, but there have been no basic investigations of ovarian storage conditions focused on fertility. There are no guidelines on optimal ovarian storage conditions and the maximum storage time during transportation. Experiments were performed using C57BL/6J mice. Ovaries of 4-week-old mice were harvested, stored at 4, 14, 37 °C or room temperature (RT) for 24 h, and subjected to histological examination. Next, ovaries were stored at 4 °C for 4, 8 or 24 h and subjected to histological examination. Then orthotopic transplantation of ovaries, stored at 4 °C for 4, 8 or 24 h, was performed in 6-week-old C57BL/6J mice, and fertility was assessed by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Freshly harvested ovaries were used as controls for comparison with ovaries stored under the above-mentioned conditions and experiments were repeated at least three times. In experiments on the ovarian storage temperature, haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed for histological examination. In experiments on the storage duration, HE staining, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling assay, Ki-67 staining and electron microscopy were performed, and the numbers of follicles were counted. Fertility was assessed from the number of oocytes, and the rates of fertilization, embryo development, implantation and live birth. Histological changes were minimal after storage of ovaries at 4 °C for up to 24 h. At 4 °C, there were no significant changes in the number of MII oocytes, fertilization rate or blastocyst development rate with storage up to 24 h. The implantation rate was 82.7 ± 17.3% in the control group, while it was 82.2 ± 7.7, 14.6 ± 14.6 and 4.4 ± 4.4% after storage for 4, 8 or 24 h, respectively. After 8 or 24 h of storage, the implantation rate was significantly lower in than in the control group (P< 0.05). The rate of live pups was 24.8 ± 13.2% in the control group, while it was 23.9 ± 6.6, 4.2 ± 4.2 and 4.4 ± 4.4% after storage for 4, 8 or 24 h, respectively. After 8 or 24 h of storage, the rate of live pups was significantly lower than in the control group (P< 0.05). Further investigations are needed in mammals with ovaries of a similar size to human ovaries, and should include the assessment of fertility following transplantation of frozen and thawed ovaries. The present results suggest that prolonging the ovarian storage time reduces fertility in mice. Thus, ovaries should be frozen immediately after harvesting or transported as rapidly as possible to minimize damage. To allow young cancer patients to preserve fertility, regional medical centres need adequate ovarian tissue cryopreservation techniques. This study supported by Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine. The authors have no competing interests to declare. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Solar micro-power system for self-powered wireless sensor nodes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

He, Yongtai; Li, Yangqiu; Liu, Lihui; Wang, Lei

2008-10-01

In self-powered wireless sensor nodes, the efficiency for environmental energy harvesting, storage and management determines the lifetime and environmental adaptability of the sensor nodes. However, the method of improving output efficiency for traditional photovoltaic power generation is not suitable for a solar micro-power system due to the special requirements for its application. This paper presents a solar micro-power system designed for a solar self-powered wireless sensor node. The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of solar cells and energy storage are realized by the hybrid energy storage structure and "window" control. Meanwhile, the mathematical model of energy harvesting, storing and management is formulated. In the novel system, the output conversion efficiency of solar cells is 12%.

All silicon electrode photocapacitor for integrated energy storage and conversion.

PubMed

Cohn, Adam P; Erwin, William R; Share, Keith; Oakes, Landon; Westover, Andrew S; Carter, Rachel E; Bardhan, Rizia; Pint, Cary L

2015-04-08

We demonstrate a simple wafer-scale process by which an individual silicon wafer can be processed into a multifunctional platform where one side is adapted to replace platinum and enable triiodide reduction in a dye-sensitized solar cell and the other side provides on-board charge storage as an electrochemical supercapacitor. This builds upon electrochemical fabrication of dual-sided porous silicon and subsequent carbon surface passivation for silicon electrochemical stability. The utilization of this silicon multifunctional platform as a combined energy storage and conversion system yields a total device efficiency of 2.1%, where the high frequency discharge capability of the integrated supercapacitor gives promise for dynamic load-leveling operations to overcome current and voltage fluctuations during solar energy harvesting.

Partial defect verification of spent fuel assemblies by PDET: Principle and field testing in Interim Spent fuel Storage Facility (CLAB) in Sweden

DOE PAGES

Ham, Y.; Kerr, P.; Sitaraman, S.; ...

2016-05-05

Here, the need for the development of a credible method and instrument for partial defect verification of spent fuel has been emphasized over a few decades in the safeguards communities as the diverted spent fuel pins can be the source of nuclear terrorism or devices. The need is increasingly more important and even urgent as many countries have started to transfer spent fuel to so called "difficult-to-access" areas such as dry storage casks, reprocessing or geological repositories. Partial defect verification is required by IAEA before spent fuel is placed into "difficult-to-access" areas. Earlier, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has reportedmore » the successful development of a new, credible partial defect verification method for pressurized water reactor (PWR) spent fuel assemblies without use of operator data, and further reported the validation experiments using commercial spent fuel assemblies with some missing fuel pins. The method was found to be robust as the method is relatively invariant to the characteristic variations of spent fuel assemblies such as initial fuel enrichment, cooling time, and burn-up. Since then, the PDET system has been designed and prototyped for 17×17 PWR spent fuel assemblies, complete with data acquisition software and acquisition electronics. In this paper, a summary description of the PDET development followed by results of the first successful field testing using the integrated PDET system and actual spent fuel assemblies performed in a commercial spent fuel storage site, known as Central Interim Spent fuel Storage Facility (CLAB) in Sweden will be presented. In addition to partial defect detection initial studies have determined that the tool can be used to verify the operator declared average burnup of the assembly as well as intra-assembly bunrup levels.« less

Partial Defect Verification of Spent Fuel Assemblies by PDET: Principle and Field Testing in Interim Spent Fuel Storage Facility (CLAB) in Sweden

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ham, Y.S.; Kerr, P.; Sitaraman, S.

The need for the development of a credible method and instrument for partial defect verification of spent fuel has been emphasized over a few decades in the safeguards communities as the diverted spent fuel pins can be the source of nuclear terrorism or devices. The need is increasingly more important and even urgent as many countries have started to transfer spent fuel to so called 'difficult-to-access' areas such as dry storage casks, reprocessing or geological repositories. Partial defect verification is required by IAEA before spent fuel is placed into 'difficult-to-access' areas. Earlier, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has reported themore » successful development of a new, credible partial defect verification method for pressurized water reactor (PWR) spent fuel assemblies without use of operator data, and further reported the validation experiments using commercial spent fuel assemblies with some missing fuel pins. The method was found to be robust as the method is relatively invariant to the characteristic variations of spent fuel assemblies such as initial fuel enrichment, cooling time, and burn-up. Since then, the PDET system has been designed and prototyped for 17x17 PWR spent fuel assemblies, complete with data acquisition software and acquisition electronics. In this paper, a summary description of the PDET development followed by results of the first successful field testing using the integrated PDET system and actual spent fuel assemblies performed in a commercial spent fuel storage site, known as Central Interim Spent fuel Storage Facility (CLAB) in Sweden will be presented. In addition to partial defect detection initial studies have determined that the tool can be used to verify the operator declared average burnup of the assembly as well as intra-assembly burnup levels. (authors)« less

Partial defect verification of spent fuel assemblies by PDET: Principle and field testing in Interim Spent fuel Storage Facility (CLAB) in Sweden

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ham, Y.; Kerr, P.; Sitaraman, S.

Here, the need for the development of a credible method and instrument for partial defect verification of spent fuel has been emphasized over a few decades in the safeguards communities as the diverted spent fuel pins can be the source of nuclear terrorism or devices. The need is increasingly more important and even urgent as many countries have started to transfer spent fuel to so called "difficult-to-access" areas such as dry storage casks, reprocessing or geological repositories. Partial defect verification is required by IAEA before spent fuel is placed into "difficult-to-access" areas. Earlier, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has reportedmore » the successful development of a new, credible partial defect verification method for pressurized water reactor (PWR) spent fuel assemblies without use of operator data, and further reported the validation experiments using commercial spent fuel assemblies with some missing fuel pins. The method was found to be robust as the method is relatively invariant to the characteristic variations of spent fuel assemblies such as initial fuel enrichment, cooling time, and burn-up. Since then, the PDET system has been designed and prototyped for 17×17 PWR spent fuel assemblies, complete with data acquisition software and acquisition electronics. In this paper, a summary description of the PDET development followed by results of the first successful field testing using the integrated PDET system and actual spent fuel assemblies performed in a commercial spent fuel storage site, known as Central Interim Spent fuel Storage Facility (CLAB) in Sweden will be presented. In addition to partial defect detection initial studies have determined that the tool can be used to verify the operator declared average burnup of the assembly as well as intra-assembly bunrup levels.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Weaver, Brian Phillip

The purpose of this document is to describe the statistical modeling effort for gas concentrations in WIPP storage containers. The concentration (in ppm) of CO 2 in the headspace volume of standard waste box (SWB) 68685 is shown. A Bayesian approach and an adaptive Metropolis-Hastings algorithm were used.

Consolidation through the looking-glass: sleep-dependent proactive interference on visuomotor adaptation in children.

PubMed

Urbain, Charline; Houyoux, Emeline; Albouy, Geneviève; Peigneux, Philippe

2014-02-01

Although a beneficial role of post-training sleep for declarative memory has been consistently evidenced in children, as in adults, available data suggest that procedural memory consolidation does not benefit from sleep in children. However, besides the absence of performance gains in children, sleep-dependent plasticity processes involved in procedural memory consolidation might be expressed through differential interference effects on the learning of novel but related procedural material. To test this hypothesis, 32 10-12-year-old children were trained on a motor rotation adaptation task. After either a sleep or a wake period, they were first retested on the same rotation applied at learning, thus assessing offline sleep-dependent changes in performance, then on the opposite (unlearned) rotation to assess sleep-dependent modulations in proactive interference coming from the consolidated visuomotor memory trace. Results show that children gradually improve performance over the learning session, showing effective adaptation to the imposed rotation. In line with previous findings, no sleep-dependent changes in performance were observed for the learned rotation. However, presentation of the opposite, unlearned deviation elicited significantly higher interference effects after post-training sleep than wakefulness in children. Considering that a definite feature of procedural motor memory and skill acquisition is the implementation of highly automatized motor behaviour, thus lacking flexibility, our results suggest a better integration and/or automation or motor adaptation skills after post-training sleep, eventually resulting in higher proactive interference effects on untrained material. © 2013 European Sleep Research Society.

Uncoupling File System Components for Bridging Legacy and Modern Storage Architectures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Golpayegani, N.; Halem, M.; Tilmes, C.; Prathapan, S.; Earp, D. N.; Ashkar, J. S.

2016-12-01

Long running Earth Science projects can span decades of architectural changes in both processing and storage environments. As storage architecture designs change over decades such projects need to adjust their tools, systems, and expertise to properly integrate such new technologies with their legacy systems. Traditional file systems lack the necessary support to accommodate such hybrid storage infrastructure resulting in more complex tool development to encompass all possible storage architectures used for the project. The MODIS Adaptive Processing System (MODAPS) and the Level 1 and Atmospheres Archive and Distribution System (LAADS) is an example of a project spanning several decades which has evolved into a hybrid storage architecture. MODAPS/LAADS has developed the Lightweight Virtual File System (LVFS) which ensures a seamless integration of all the different storage architectures, including standard block based POSIX compliant storage disks, to object based architectures such as the S3 compliant HGST Active Archive System, and the Seagate Kinetic disks utilizing the Kinetic Protocol. With LVFS, all analysis and processing tools used for the project continue to function unmodified regardless of the underlying storage architecture enabling MODAPS/LAADS to easily integrate any new storage architecture without the costly need to modify existing tools to utilize such new systems. Most file systems are designed as a single application responsible for using metadata to organizing the data into a tree, determine the location for data storage, and a method of data retrieval. We will show how LVFS' unique approach of treating these components in a loosely coupled fashion enables it to merge different storage architectures into a single uniform storage system which bridges the underlying hybrid architecture.

LVFS: A Big Data File Storage Bridge for the HPC Community

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Golpayegani, N.; Halem, M.; Mauoka, E.; Fonseca, L. F.

2015-12-01

Merging Big Data capabilities into High Performance Computing architecture starts at the file storage level. Heterogeneous storage systems are emerging which offer enhanced features for dealing with Big Data such as the IBM GPFS storage system's integration into Hadoop Map-Reduce. Taking advantage of these capabilities requires file storage systems to be adaptive and accommodate these new storage technologies. We present the extension of the Lightweight Virtual File System (LVFS) currently running as the production system for the MODIS Level 1 and Atmosphere Archive and Distribution System (LAADS) to incorporate a flexible plugin architecture which allows easy integration of new HPC hardware and/or software storage technologies without disrupting workflows, system architectures and only minimal impact on existing tools. We consider two essential aspects provided by the LVFS plugin architecture needed for the future HPC community. First, it allows for the seamless integration of new and emerging hardware technologies which are significantly different than existing technologies such as Segate's Kinetic disks and Intel's 3DXPoint non-volatile storage. Second is the transparent and instantaneous conversion between new software technologies and various file formats. With most current storage system a switch in file format would require costly reprocessing and nearly doubling of storage requirements. We will install LVFS on UMBC's IBM iDataPlex cluster with a heterogeneous storage architecture utilizing local, remote, and Seagate Kinetic storage as a case study. LVFS merges different kinds of storage architectures to show users a uniform layout and, therefore, prevent any disruption in workflows, architecture design, or tool usage. We will show how LVFS will convert HDF data produced by applying machine learning algorithms to Xco2 Level 2 data from the OCO-2 satellite to produce CO2 surface fluxes into GeoTIFF for visualization.

Digital data storage systems, computers, and data verification methods

DOEpatents

Groeneveld, Bennett J.; Austad, Wayne E.; Walsh, Stuart C.; Herring, Catherine A.

2005-12-27

Digital data storage systems, computers, and data verification methods are provided. According to a first aspect of the invention, a computer includes an interface adapted to couple with a dynamic database; and processing circuitry configured to provide a first hash from digital data stored within a portion of the dynamic database at an initial moment in time, to provide a second hash from digital data stored within the portion of the dynamic database at a subsequent moment in time, and to compare the first hash and the second hash.

Data Management Systems (DMS): Complex data types study. Volume 1: Appendices A-B. Volume 2: Appendices C1-C5. Volume 3: Appendices D1-D3 and E

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leibfried, T. F., Jr.; Davari, Sadegh; Natarajan, Swami; Zhao, Wei

1992-01-01

Two categories were chosen for study: the issue of using a preprocessor on Ada code of Application Programs which would interface with the Run-Time Object Data Base Standard Services (RODB STSV), the intent was to catch and correct any mis-registration errors of the program coder between the user declared Objects, their types, their addresses, and the corresponding RODB definitions; and RODB STSV Performance Issues and Identification of Problems with the planned methods for accessing Primitive Object Attributes, this included the study of an alternate storage scheme to the 'store objects by attribute' scheme in the current design of the RODB. The study resulted in essentially three separate documents, an interpretation of the system requirements, an assessment of the preliminary design, and a detailing of the components of a detailed design.

Declarative virtual water maze learning and emotional fear conditioning in primary insomnia.

PubMed

Kuhn, Marion; Hertenstein, Elisabeth; Feige, Bernd; Landmann, Nina; Spiegelhalder, Kai; Baglioni, Chiara; Hemmerling, Johanna; Durand, Diana; Frase, Lukas; Klöppel, Stefan; Riemann, Dieter; Nissen, Christoph

2018-05-02

Healthy sleep restores the brain's ability to adapt to novel input through memory formation based on activity-dependent refinements of the strength of neural transmission across synapses (synaptic plasticity). In line with this framework, patients with primary insomnia often report subjective memory impairment. However, investigations of memory performance did not produce conclusive results. The aim of this study was to further investigate memory performance in patients with primary insomnia in comparison to healthy controls, using two well-characterized learning tasks, a declarative virtual water maze task and emotional fear conditioning. Twenty patients with primary insomnia according to DSM-IV criteria (17 females, three males, 43.5 ± 13.0 years) and 20 good sleeper controls (17 females, three males, 41.7 ± 12.8 years) were investigated in a parallel-group study. All participants completed a hippocampus-dependent virtual Morris water maze task and amygdala-dependent classical fear conditioning. Patients with insomnia showed significantly delayed memory acquisition in the virtual water maze task, but no significant difference in fear acquisition compared with controls. These findings are consistent with the notion that memory processes that emerge from synaptic refinements in a hippocampal-neocortical network are particularly sensitive to chronic disruptions of sleep, while those in a basic emotional amygdala-dependent network may be more resilient. © 2018 European Sleep Research Society.

19 CFR 148.13 - Written declarations.

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Sleep in Children Enhances Preferentially Emotional Declarative But Not Procedural Memories

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prehn-Kristensen, Alexander; Goder, Robert; Chirobeja, Stefania; Bressman, Inka; Ferstl, Roman; Baving, Lioba

2009-01-01

Although the consolidation of several memory systems is enhanced by sleep in adults, recent studies suggest that sleep supports declarative memory but not procedural memory in children. In the current study, the influence of sleep on emotional declarative memory (recognition task) and procedural memory (mirror tracing task) in 20 healthy children…

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