The Skylab Airlock Module

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1968-01-01

This illustration is a cutaway view of the internal arrangement of the Airlock Module (AM). The aft end of the Docking Adapter mated to the AM, and served as the environmental, electrical, and communications control center. The docking adapter also contained the port through which the astronauts exited to perform extravehicular activity. The AM contained a turnel section through which Skylab crewmen could move between the workshop and the forward end of the airlock. It was encircled, for part of its length, at its aft end by the fixed Airlock Shroud (FAS), that had the same diameter as the workshop (22 feet) and was attached to the workshop's forward end. High pressure containers for oxygen and nitrogen providing Skylab's atmosphere, were mounted in the annular space between the outside of the tunnel and the inside of the shroud. The forward end of the FAS was the base on which the tubular structure supporting the solar observatory was mounted. Many of the supplies, and most of the control systems for Skylab were located in the AM; this module could well be the 'utility center' of the Skylab cluster. McDonnell Douglas fabricated the module with close Marshall Space Flight Center's involvement in design, development, and test activities.

The Joint Airlock Module is moved to the payload canister

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In the Space Station Processing Facility, workers standing inside the payload canister help guide the Joint Airlock Module into place. The airlock will be installed in the payload bay of Atlantis for mission STS-104 to the International Space Station. The airlock is a pressurized flight element consisting of two cylindrical chambers attached end-to-end by a connecting bulkhead and hatch. Once installed and activated, the Airlock becomes the primary path for spacewalk entry to and departure from the Space Station for U.S. spacesuits, which are known as Extravehicular Mobility Units, or EMUs. In addition, the Joint Airlock is designed to support the Russian Orlan spacesuit for EVA activity. STS-104 is scheduled for launch June 14 from Launch Pad 39B.

The Joint Airlock Module is moved to the payload canister

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In the Space Station Processing Facility, the Joint Airlock Module is lifted from its workstand for a transfer to the payload canister. The airlock will be installed in the payload bay of Atlantis for mission STS-104 to the International Space Station. The airlock is a pressurized flight element consisting of two cylindrical chambers attached end-to-end by a connecting bulkhead and hatch. Once installed and activated, the airlock becomes the primary path for spacewalk entry to and departure from the Space Station for U.S. spacesuits, which are known as Extravehicular Mobility Units, or EMUs. In addition, the Joint Airlock is designed to support the Russian Orlan spacesuit for EVA activity. STS-104 is scheduled for launch June 14 from Launch Pad 39B.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Standing inside Discovery’s payload bay, Carol Scott (right), lead orbiter engineer, talks about her job as part of a special feature for the KSC Web. With his back to the camera is Bill Kallus, Media manager in the KSC Web Studio. Behind Scott can be seen the open hatch of the airlock, which provides support functions such as airlock depressurization and repressurization, extravehicular activity equipment recharge, liquid-cooled garment water cooling, EVA equipment checkout, donning and communications. The outer hatch isolates the airlock from the unpressurized payload bay when closed and permits the EVA crew members to exit from the airlock to the payload bay when open.

NASA Image and Video Library

2004-01-22

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Standing inside Discovery’s payload bay, Carol Scott (right), lead orbiter engineer, talks about her job as part of a special feature for the KSC Web. With his back to the camera is Bill Kallus, Media manager in the KSC Web Studio. Behind Scott can be seen the open hatch of the airlock, which provides support functions such as airlock depressurization and repressurization, extravehicular activity equipment recharge, liquid-cooled garment water cooling, EVA equipment checkout, donning and communications. The outer hatch isolates the airlock from the unpressurized payload bay when closed and permits the EVA crew members to exit from the airlock to the payload bay when open.

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1971-01-01

This 1971 photograph was taken during the assembly of the Flight Article of the Skylab Airlock Module (AM). The Am, fabricated by McDornell Douglas under the direction of the Marshall Flight Center, allowed Skylab crew members an exit to perform extravehicular activities. The Module also contained many of the supplies and control panels for electrical power distribution and internal environment.

MS Kavandi installs cables in Quest airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-16

S104-E-5104 (16 July 2001) --- Janet L. Kavandi, STS-104 mission specialist, connects cables and hoses from the newly installed Quest Airlock to Unity Node 1. Other STS-104 and Expedition Two crewmembers are visible in the background working in the Airlock.

KSC-01pp0872

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-03-19

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Members of the STS-104 crew look over equipment inside the equipment lock component of the Joint Airlock Module. At left is Mission Specialist Janet L. Kavandi, and at right Pilot Charles O. Hobaugh. The crew is at KSC to take part in Crew Equipment Interface Test activities. The mission will carry the Joint Airlock Module to the International Space Station. The U.S.-made module will allow astronauts and cosmonauts in residence on the Station to perform future spacewalks without the presence of a Space Shuttle. The module, which also comprises a crew lock, will be connected to the starboard (right) side of Node 1 Unity. Atlantis will also carry oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks, vital to operation of the Joint Airlock, on a Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet in the payload bay. The tanks, to be installed on the perimeter of the Joint Module during the mission’s spacewalks, will support future spacewalk operations and experiments plus augment the resupply system for the Station’s Service Module

KSC-01pp0871

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-03-19

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Members of the STS-104 crew look over equipment inside the equipment lock component of the Joint Airlock Module. At left is Mission Specialist Janet L. Kavandi, and at right Pilot Charles O. Hobaugh. The crew is at KSC to take part in Crew Equipment Interface Test activities. The mission will carry the Joint Airlock Module to the International Space Station. The U.S.-made module will allow astronauts and cosmonauts in residence on the Station to perform future spacewalks without the presence of a Space Shuttle. The module, which also comprises a crew lock, will be connected to the starboard (right) side of Node 1 Unity. Atlantis will also carry oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks, vital to operation of the Joint Airlock, on a Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet in the payload bay. The tanks, to be installed on the perimeter of the Joint Module during the mission’s spacewalks, will support future spacewalk operations and experiments plus augment the resupply system for the Station’s Service Module

Early Human Testing Initiative Phase 1 Regenerative Life Support Systems

NASA Image and Video Library

1995-08-08

Early Human Testing (EHT) Initiative Phase 1 Regenerative Life Support Systems Laboratory (RLSSL). Nigel Packham activities in the Variable Pressure Growth Chamber which he lived inside for 15 days. A crowd of well-wishers outside the test chamber, at the console are John Lewis, Ed Mohr and Marybeth Edeen (15577). Packham exiting the chamber (15578-81). Packham is the focus of television cameras and reporters (15582-3). Don Henninger interviewed by reporters (15584). Packham is presented with a jacket after his stay in the chamber (15585). Packham inside the wheat growth chamber checking the condition of the plants (15586-7, 15597). Packham exercising on a recumbant bicycle (15588, 15592). Packham, through the window into the growth chamber, displays a handful of wheat plants to console monitor Dan Barta (15589-90). Group portrait of the team conducting the Early Human Testing Initiative Phase 1 Regenerative Life Support Systems test and include, front row, from left: Jeff Dominick and Don Overton and back row, from left, unidentified member, Marybeth Edeen, Nigel Packham, John Lewis, Ed Mohr, Dan Barta and Tim Monk (15591). Harry Halford prepares to send a package through the airlock to Packham (15593). Packham displays a handful of wheat plants (15594). Packham fixes himself a bowl of cereal (15595) and retrieves a carton of milk from the refrigerator (15596). Packham retrieves a package from the airlock (15598). Packham packs up trash in plastic bag (15599-600) and sends it back through the airlock (15601). Packham gets a cup of water (15602) and heats it in the microwave (15603).

Hatch latch mechanism for Spacelab scientific airlock

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Terhaar, G. R.

1979-01-01

The requirements, design tradeoff, design, and performance of the Spacelab scientific airlock hatch latching mechanisms are described. At space side the hatch is closed and held against internal airlock/module pressure by 12 tangential overcenter hooks driven by a driver. At module side the hatch is held by 4 hooks driven by rollers running on a cammed driver.

Human factors in space station architecture 2. EVA access facility: A comparative analysis of 4 concepts for on-orbit space suit servicing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cohen, Marc M.; Bussolari, Steven

1987-01-01

Four concepts for on-orbit spacesuit donning, doffing, servicing, check-out, egress and ingress are presented. These are: the Space Transportation System (STS) Type (shuttle system enlarged), the Transit Airlock (Shuttle Airlock with suit servicing removed from the pump-down chamber), the Suitport (a rear-entry suit mates to a port in the airlock wall), and the Crewlock (a small, individual, conformal airlock). Each of these four concepts is compared through a series of seven steps representing a typical Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) mission: (1) Predonning suit preparation; (2) Portable Life Support System (PLSS) preparation; (3) Suit Donning and Final Check; (4) Egress/Ingress; (5) Mid-EVA rest period; (6) Post-EVA Securing; (7) Non-Routine Maintenance. The different characteristics of each concept are articulated through this step-by-step approach. Recommendations concerning an approach for further evaluations of airlock geometry, anthropometrics, ergonomics, and functional efficiency are made. The key recommendation is that before any particular airlock can be designed, the full range of spacesuit servicing functions must be considered, including timelines that are most supportive of EVA human productivity.

International Space Station (ISS) Airlock Crewlock Depressurization Methods

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williams, David E.; Leonard, Daniel J.; Booth, Valori J.; Russell, Matt

2004-01-01

The International Space Station (ISS) Airlock Crewlock can be depressurized via various methods. The ISS Airlock is divided into two major sections, the Equipment Lock and Crewlock. The Equipment Lock, as the name indicates, contains the equipment to support EVA activities including Extravehicular Maneuvering/Mobility Unit (EMU) maintenance and refurbishment. The Equipment Lock also contains basic life support equipment in order to support denitrogenzation protocols while the Airlock is isolated from the rest of the ISS. The Crewlock is the section of the Airlock that is depressurized to allow for Extravehicular Activity (EVA) crewmembers to exit the ISS for performance of EVAs. As opposed to the Equipment Lock, the Crewlock is quite simple and basically just contains lights and an assembly to provide services, oxygen, coolant, etc, to the EMUs. For operational flexibility, various methods were derived for Crewlock depressurization. Herein these various different methods of ISS Airlock Crewlock depressurization will be described including their performance, impacts, and risks associated with each method. Each of the different methods will be discussed with flight data, if it exists. Models will be applied to flight cases and to other methods that have not been used on-orbit at this time.

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1972-05-01

This is a close-up photograph of the Orbital Workshop (OWS) trash disposal airlock located on the floor of the lower level of the OWS. It provided a means of passing trash from the pressurized habitable area into the unpressurized waste tank. The crewman opened a valve which brought the airlock to the same pressure as that within the workshop. He then opened the lid, placed the bagged trash inside, closed the lid and locked it. By turning the valve handle, he reduced the pressure within the airlock until it reached the vacuum of the waste tank. The crewman then operated an ejector handle that caused a scissors-type mechanism to push the bagged trash from the airlock into the tank.

Skylab 4 crewmen passing trash bags in to the OWS waste disposal tank

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1974-01-01

Two Skylab 4 crewmen are seen passing trash bags through the trash airlock of the Orbital Workshop (OWS) of the Skylab space station in Earth orbit. The trash airlock leads to the OWS waste disposal tank. Astronaut William R. Pogue, Skylab 4 pilot, holds onto the OWS crew quarters ceiling as he prepares to jump onto the OWS airlock hatch cover to force another trash bag further down into the airlock. Astronaut Gerald P. Carr, Skylab 4 commander, is assisting. Carr is holding onto the trash bags. A third trash bag is floating in the zero-gravity environment near Pogue's right leg. The wardroom can be seen behind Pogue.

Canadarm2 Maneuvers Quest Airlock

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

At the control of Expedition Two Flight Engineer Susan B. Helms, the newly-installed Canadian-built Canadarm2, Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS) maneuvers the Quest Airlock into the proper position to be mated onto the starboard side of the Unity Node I during the first of three extravehicular activities (EVA) of the STS-104 mission. The Quest Airlock makes it easier to perform space walks, and allows both Russian and American spacesuits to be worn when the Shuttle is not docked with the International Space Station (ISS). American suits will not fit through Russion airlocks at the Station. The Boeing Company, the space station prime contractor, built the 6.5-ton (5.8 metric ton) airlock and several other key components at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), in the same building where the Saturn V rocket was built. Installation activities were supported by the development team from the Payload Operations Control Center (POCC) located at the MSFC and the Mission Control Center at NASA's Johnson Space Flight Center in Houston, Texas.

MSFC Skylab airlock module, volume 1. [systems design and performance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1974-01-01

The history and development of the Skylab Airlock Module and Payload Shroud is presented from initial concept through final design. A summary is given of the Airlock features and systems. System design and performance are presented for the Spent Stage Experiment Support Module, structure and mechanical systems, mass properties, thermal and environmental control systems, EVA/IVA suite system, electrical power system, sequential system, sequential system, and instrumentation system.

Quest airlock maneuvered into position

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-15

STS104-E-5068 (15 July 2001) --- Backdropped against a blue and white Earth, some 237 miles below, the Quest airlock is in the process of being installed onto the starboard side of Unity Node 1 of the International Space Station (ISS). Astronaut Susan J. Helms, Expedition Two flight engineer, used controls onboard the station to maneuver the Airlock into place with the Canadarm2 or Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS). This image was recorded with a digital still camera.

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1968-01-01

This illustration is a cutaway view of the internal arrangement of the Airlock Module (AM). The aft end of the Docking Adapter mated to the AM, and served as the environmental, electrical, and communications control center. The docking adapter also contained the port through which the astronauts exited to perform extravehicular activity. The AM contained a turnel section through which Skylab crewmen could move between the workshop and the forward end of the airlock. It was encircled, for part of its length, at its aft end by the fixed Airlock Shroud (FAS), that had the same diameter as the workshop (22 feet) and was attached to the workshop's forward end. High pressure containers for oxygen and nitrogen providing Skylab's atmosphere, were mounted in the annular space between the outside of the tunnel and the inside of the shroud. The forward end of the FAS was the base on which the tubular structure supporting the solar observatory was mounted. Many of the supplies, and most of the control systems for Skylab were located in the AM; this module could well be the "utility center" of the Skylab cluster. McDonnell Douglas fabricated the module with close Marshall Space Flight Center's involvement in design, development, and test activities.

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1968-01-01

This illustration is a cutaway view of the external arrangement of the Airlock Module (AM). The aft end of the Docking Adapter mated to the AM, and served as the environmental, electrical, and communications control center. The docking adapter also contained the port through which the astronauts exited to perform extravehicular activity. The AM contained a turnel section through which Skylab crewmen could move between the workshop and the forward end of the airlock. It was encircled, for part of its length, at its aft end by the fixed Airlock Shroud (FAS), that had the same diameter as the workshop (22 feet) and was attached to the workshop's forward end. High pressure containers for oxygen and nitrogen providing Skylab's atmosphere, were mounted in the annular space between the outside of the tunnel and the inside of the shroud. The forward end of the FAS was the base on which the tubular structure supporting the solar observatory was mounted. Many of the supplies, and most of the control systems for Skylab were located in the AM; this module could well be the "utility center" of the Skylab cluster. McDonnell Douglas fabricated the module with close Marshall Space Flight Center's involvement in design, development, and test activities.

KSC-01pp1200

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-06-26

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- The Joint Airlock Module, sporting a NASA logo, is moved toward the payload bay of Space Shuttle Atlantis for mission STS-104. Once installed and activated, the airlock becomes the primary path for International Space Station spacewalk entry and departure using U.S. spacesuits, which are known as Extravehicular Mobility Units, or EMUs. In addition, the Joint Airlock is designed to support the Russian Orlan spacesuit for EVA activity. Launch of Atlantis is scheduled no earlier than July 12 at 5:04 a.m. EDT

The payload canister leaves the O&C with the Joint Airlock Module inside

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

The payload canister, with the Joint Airlock Module inside, backs out of the Operations and Checkout Building for a short trip to the Space Station Processing Facility. There the module will undergo more preflight processing for the STS-104 mission scheduled for launch aboard Space Shuttle Atlantis May 17, 2001. The Joint Airlock Module is the gateway from which crew members aboard the International Space Station will enter and exit the 470-ton orbiting research facility.

49. AUXILARY CHAMBER, EAST SIDE AIRLOCK LOOKING SOUTHEAST FROM INTERIOR ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

49. AUXILARY CHAMBER, EAST SIDE AIRLOCK LOOKING SOUTHEAST FROM INTERIOR (LOCATION HHH) - Shippingport Atomic Power Station, On Ohio River, 25 miles Northwest of Pittsburgh, Shippingport, Beaver County, PA

Swanson working in Airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-06-05

ISS040-E-007682 (5 June 2014) --- NASA astronaut Reid Wiseman, Expedition 40 flight engineer, uses a computer while working with an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station.

Astronaut Edward Gibson sails through airlock module hatch

NASA Image and Video Library

1974-02-01

SL4-150-5074 (February 1974) --- Scientist-astronaut Edward G. Gibson, science pilot for the Skylab 4 mission, demonstrates the effects of zero-gravity as he sails through airlock module hatch. Photo credit: NASA

The Joint Airlock Module is moved to a payload canister in the O&C

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

The Joint Airlock Module is suspended by an overhead crane in the Operations and Checkout Building before being moved and placed into the payload canister for transfer to the Space Station Processing Facility. There the module will undergo more preflight processing for the STS-104 mission scheduled for launch aboard Space Shuttle Atlantis May 17, 2001. The Joint Airlock Module is the gateway from which crew members aboard the International Space Station will enter and exit the 470-ton orbiting research facility.

Automatic sequencing and control of Space Station airlock operations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Himel, Victor; Abeles, Fred J.; Auman, James; Tqi, Terry O.

1989-01-01

Procedures that have been developed as part of the NASA JSC-sponsored pre-prototype Checkout, Servicing and Maintenance (COSM) program for pre- and post-EVA airlock operations are described. This paper addresses the accompanying pressure changes in the airlock and in the Advanced Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU). Additionally, the paper focuses on the components that are checked out, and includes the step-by-step sequences to be followed by the crew, the required screen displays and prompts that accompany each step, and a description of the automated processes that occur.

Interior View of the Orbital Workshop

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1972-01-01

This photograph is an interior view of the Orbital Workshop (OWS) upper level looking from the airlock hatch, showing the octagonal opening that separated the workshop's two levels. The trash airlock can be seen at center. The lower level of the OWS provided crew accommodations for sleeping, food preparation and consumption, hygiene, waste processing and disposal, and performance of certain experiments. The upper level consisted of a large work area and housed water storage tanks, a food freezer, storage vaults for film, scientific airlocks, mobility and stability experiment equipment, and other experimental equipment.

Apparatus and method for controlling the rotary airlocks in a coal processing system by reversing the motor current rotating the air lock

DOEpatents

Groombridge, Clifton E.

1996-01-01

An improvement to a coal processing system where hard materials found in the coal may cause jamming of either inflow or outflow rotary airlocks, each driven by a reversible motor. The instantaneous current used by the motor is continually monitored and compared to a predetermined value. If an overcurrent condition occurs, indicating a jamming of the airlock, a controller means starts a "soft" reverse rotation of the motor thereby clearing the jamming. Three patterns of the motor reversal are provided.

11. Detail view west from airlock chamber of typical refrigerator ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

11. Detail view west from airlock chamber of typical refrigerator door into Trophic Chamber. - Natick Research & Development Laboratories, Climatic Chambers Building, U.S. Army Natick Research, Development & Engineering Center (NRDEC), Natick, Middlesex County, MA

VIEW THROUGH AN ORIGINAL DOOR OF AIRLOCK TO A MODERN ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

VIEW THROUGH AN ORIGINAL DOOR OF AIRLOCK TO A MODERN REPLACEMENT DOOR ON OPPOSITE SIDE. - U.S. Naval Base, Pearl Harbor, Bombproof Communication Center, Hornet Avenue at Liscome Bay Street, Pearl City, Honolulu County, HI

Furukawa in airlock performing protective maintenance on EMUs

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-09-26

ISS029-E-011030 (26 Sept. 2011) --- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Satoshi Furukawa, Expedition 29 flight engineer, performs protective maintenance on Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuits in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station.

Mission Specialist (MS) Gardner sleeps in middeck sleep restraint

NASA Image and Video Library

1983-09-05

STS008-05-145 (5 Sept 1983) --- On middeck (MDK), Mission Specialist (MS) Gardner sleeps in sleep restraint attached to starboard wall. Open airlock hatch, airlock hatch hinge, and free-floating footwear appear in view.

Expedition Two Helms in Quest airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-20

STS104-E-5198 (20 July 2001) --- Astronaut Susan J. Helms, Expedition Two flight engineer, works in the Equipment Lock of Airlock Quest during its internal outfitting on STS-104. The image was recorded with a digital still camera.

Expedition Two Helms in Quest airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-20

STS104-E-5199 (20 July 2001) --- Astronaut Susan J. Helms, Expedition Two flight engineer, works in the Equipment Lock of Airlock Quest during its internal outfitting on STS-104. The image was recorded with a digital still camera.

Overall nadir view of ISS seen during flyaround

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-22

STS104-332-027 (21 July 2001) --- The International Space Station (ISS), just days after receiving the installment of the Quest airlock, was photographed by one the STS-104 astronauts during a fly-around of the orbital outpost. The survey occurred shortly after Atlantis' undocking. The Canadarm2 or Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS) appears to be pointed toward the new airlock on the station's starboard side. The STS-104 and Expedition Two crew's joint efforts in the past several days, in which the airlock was installed and other work was accomplished, marked the completion of the second phase of the station. Within the last year (beginning in July of 2000), 77 tons of hardware have been added to the complex, including the Zvezda module, the Z1 Truss Assembly, Pressurized Mating Adapter 3, the P6 Truss and its 240-foot long solar arrays, the U.S. laboratory Destiny, the Canadarm2 and finally the Quest airlock.

Overall nadir view of ISS seen during flyaround

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-22

STS104-332-026 (21 July 2001) --- The International Space Station (ISS), just days after receiving the installment of the Quest airlock, was photographed by one the STS-104 astronauts during a fly-around of the orbital outpost. The survey occurred shortly after Atlantis' undocking. The Canadarm2 or Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS) appears to be pointed toward the new airlock on the station's starboard side. The STS-104 and Expedition Two crew's joint efforts in the past several days, in which the airlock was installed and other work was accomplished, marked the completion of the second phase of the station. Within the last year (beginning in July of 2000), 77 tons of hardware have been added to the complex, including the Zvezda module, the Z1 Truss Assembly, Pressurized Mating Adapter 3, the P6 Truss and its 240-foot long solar arrays, the U.S. laboratory Destiny, the Canadarm2 and finally the Quest airlock.

Space Shuttle life support systems - A status report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Faget, M. A.; Guy, W. W.

1981-01-01

The Space Shuttle Program has two independent life support systems. One provides the basic environmental control for the Orbiter cabin while the second enables the crewmen to function outside the spacecraft for extravehicular operation. Although both of these systems were developed and fabricated under contract to NASA, all system-level testing was conducted at the Johnson Space Center. The paper will discuss the results of this testing which, in part, includes: (1) certification of the Orbiter cabin atmospheric pressure and composition control system at three operational pressures (8 psia, 9 psia and 14.7 psia); (2) certification of the Orbiter atmospheric revitalization system at 9 psia and 14.7 psia; (3) manrating of the Orbiter airlock at 14.7 psia, 9 psia and vacuum; and (4) certification of the space suit/life support system in the airlock and at deep space thermal/vacuum conditions. In addition, pertinent flight information from the on-orbit performance of the Shuttle life support systems will be presented.

INTERIOR OF SOUTH ENTRY AIRLOCK SHOWING STEEL DOORS OPENING TO ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

INTERIOR OF SOUTH ENTRY AIRLOCK SHOWING STEEL DOORS OPENING TO OUTSIDE AND INTO MAIN EQUIPMENT ROOM, VIEW FACING SOUTHEAST. - Naval Air Station Barbers Point, Telephone Exchange, Coral Sea Road north of Bismarck Sea Road, Ewa, Honolulu County, HI

STS-31 MS Sullivan poses next to stowed EMU in OV-103's airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

1990-04-29

STS-31 Mission Specialist (MS) Kathryn D. Sullivan poses for a picture before beginning extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) donning procedures in the airlock of Discovery, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103. Sullivan will remove the lower torso restraint and don EMU which is supported on an airlock adapter plate (AAP). When suited, Sullivan will be ready for contingency extravehicular activity (EVA) in the event that problems arise with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) deployment. Displayed on the front of the EMU are the STS-31 mission insignia and the JSC Weightless Environment Training Facility (WETF) insignia.

KSC-04PD-1133

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2004-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Technicians in the Orbiter Processing Facility attach a crane to Discoverys airlock before lifting it for installation. The airlock is located inside the orbiters payload bay and is sized to accommodate two fully suited flight crew members simultaneously. Support functions include airlock depressurization and repressurization, extravehicular activity equipment recharge, liquid-cooled garment water cooling, EVA equipment checkout, and communications. Discovery is designated as the Return to Flight vehicle for mission STS-114, no earlier than March 2005. STS-114 mission is Logistics Flight 1, which is scheduled to deliver supplies and equipment plus the external stowage platform to the International Space Station.

General view looking forward along the centerline of the Orbiter ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

General view looking forward along the centerline of the Orbiter Discovery looking into the payload bay. This view shows the external airlock and the beam-truss attach structure supporting it and attaching it to the payload bay sill longerons. Also note the protective covering over the docking mechanism on top of the airlock assembly. This external airlock configuration was for mating to the International Space Station. This photograph was taken in the Orbiter Processing Facility at Kennedy Space Center. - Space Transportation System, Orbiter Discovery (OV-103), Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, Harris County, TX

Reilly in Quest airlock hatch

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-16

S104-E-5108 (16 July 2001) --- James F. Reilly, STS-104 mission specialist, reads over a checklist in the hatchway of the newly installed Quest Airlock. In the background, cosmonaut Yury V. Usachev of Rosaviakosmos, Expedition Two mission commander, is working in Unity Node 1.

View from airlock hatch looking down length of Orbiting Workshop

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1974-01-01

Photograph taken from the hatch into the airlock module looking the length of the Skylab Orbital Workshop. Skylab 4 Scientist-Astronaut Edward G. Gibson, science pilot, and Astronaut Gerald P. Carr, commander, look up the passageway with trash bags around them.

Usachev and Kavandi in front of crewlock endcone new Quest airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-15

S104-E-5078 (15 July 2001) --- Cosmonaut Yury V. Usachev, Expedition Two mission commander, and Janet L. Kavandi, STS-104 mission specialist, pose in front of the crewlock endcone of the newly installed Quest Airlock. Usachev represents Rosaviakosmos.

View of MISSE on the Airlock taken during STS-112

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-10-10

STS112-E-05104 (10 October 2002) --- Backdropped by a blue and white Earth, the Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) and a portion of the Quest Airlock are visible. MISSE collects information on how different materials weather in the environment of space.

iss050e037283

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-01-31

iss050e037283 (01/31/2017) --- NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson removes the Multi-Purpose Experiment Platform (MPEP) from inside the Kibo airlock aboard the International Space Station. The airlock is used to deploy a number of scientific payloads from inside the station out into the vacuum of space.

International Space Station (ISS)

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-15

At the control of Expedition Two Flight Engineer Susan B. Helms, the newly-installed Canadian-built Canadarm2, Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS) maneuvers the Quest Airlock into the proper position to be mated onto the starboard side of the Unity Node I during the first of three extravehicular activities (EVA) of the STS-104 mission. The Quest Airlock makes it easier to perform space walks, and allows both Russian and American spacesuits to be worn when the Shuttle is not docked with the International Space Station (ISS). American suits will not fit through Russion airlocks at the Station. The Boeing Company, the space station prime contractor, built the 6.5-ton (5.8 metric ton) airlock and several other key components at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), in the same building where the Saturn V rocket was built. Installation activities were supported by the development team from the Payload Operations Control Center (POCC) located at the MSFC and the Mission Control Center at NASA's Johnson Space Flight Center in Houston, Texas.

The high pressure gas assembly is moved to the payload canister

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- With workers keeping a close watch, the overhead crane lowers the high pressure gas assembly -- two gaseous oxygen and two gaseous nitrogen storage tanks into the payload canister. The joint airlock module is already in the canister. The airlock and tanks are part of the payload on mission STS-104 and are being transferred to orbiter Atlantis'''s payload bay. The storage tanks will be attached to the airlock during two spacewalks. The storage tanks will support future spacewalk operations from the Station and augment the Service Module gas resupply system. STS-104 is scheduled for launch June 14 from Launch Pad 39B.

Closeup view looking forward along the centerline of the Orbiter ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Close-up view looking forward along the centerline of the Orbiter Discovery looking into the payload bay. This view is a close-up view of the external airlock and the beam-truss attach structure supporting it and attaching it to the payload bay sill longerons. Also note the protective covering over the docking mechanism on top of the airlock assembly. This external airlock configuration was for mating to the International Space Station. This photograph was taken in the Orbiter Processing Facility at Kennedy Space Cente - Space Transportation System, Orbiter Discovery (OV-103), Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, Harris County, TX

KSC-01PP1009

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-05-18

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- With workers keeping a close watch, the overhead crane lowers the high pressure gas assembly two gaseous oxygen and two gaseous nitrogen storage tanks into the payload canister. The joint airlock module is already in the canister. The airlock and tanks are part of the payload on mission STS-104 and are being transferred to orbiter Atlantis’s payload bay. The storage tanks will be attached to the airlock during two spacewalks. The storage tanks will support future spacewalk operations from the Station and augment the Service Module gas resupply system. STS-104 is scheduled for launch June 14 from Launch Pad 39B

KSC-01PP1008

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-05-18

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the Operations and Checkout Building, workers wait in the payload canister as an overhead crane moves the high pressure gas assembly two gaseous oxygen and two gaseous nitrogen storage tanks toward it. The joint airlock module is already in the canister. The airlock and tanks are part of the payload on mission STS-104 and are being transferred to orbiter Atlantis’s payload bay. The storage tanks will be attached to the airlock during two spacewalks. The storage tanks will support future spacewalk operations from the Station and augment the Service Module gas resupply system. STS-104 is scheduled for launch June 14 from Launch Pad 39B

Williams uses communication equipment in the Airlock during Expedition 13

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-05-01

ISS013-E-13327 (1 May 2006) --- Astronaut Jeffrey N. Williams, Expedition 13 NASA space station science officer and flight engineer, uses a communication system in the Quest Airlock of the International Space Station. Two Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuits are visible in the background.

Barratt in airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-28

S133-E-007255 (28 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronaut Michael Barratt, STS-133 mission specialist, is pictured between two Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuits in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station while space shuttle Discovery remains docked with the station. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Plastic toy shark drifts through airlock in front of EMU suited MS Lenoir

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Plastic toy shark drifts through airlock and around fully extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) suited Mission Specialist (MS) Lenoir. Lenoir watches as shark drifts pass his left hand. Lenoir donned the EMU in preparation for a scheduled extravehicular activity (EVA) which was cancelled due to EMU problems.

PLT Horbaugh at Crew Lock hatch in the Airlock Quest

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-21

STS104-E-5206 (20 July 2001) --- The final closing of the Crew Lock hatch in the Airlock Quest was performed by astronaut Charles O. Hobaugh, pilot, prior to the start of the third and final STS-104 space walk. The image was recorded with a digital still camera.

PLT Horbaugh at Crew Lock hatch in the Airlock Quest

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-21

STS104-E-5208 (20 July 2001) --- The final closing of the Crew Lock hatch in the Airlock Quest was performed by astronaut Charles O. Hobaugh, pilot, prior to the start of the third and final STS-104 space walk. The image was recorded with a digital still camera.

Skylab Trash Airlock

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Price, L. R.

1975-01-01

The Skylab Trash Airlock (TAL) used throughout the Skylab mission to transfer trash materials that could support microbial growth from the pressurized cabin to the unpressurized waste tank is described. The TAL, which uses several basic mechanisms, was successfully operated daily for the 170 days of manned missions for a total of 637 cycles.

Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) Preparations in Joint Airlock Quest

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-03-23

ISS018-E-042704 (23 March 2009) --- Astronaut Richard Arnold, STS-119 mission specialist, attired in his Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit, gives a ?thumbs-up? signal as he prepares for the mission's third scheduled session of extravehicular activity (EVA) in the Quest Airlock of the International Space Station.

Quest airlock with malfunctioning EMU

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-08-27

ISS036-E-037249 (27 Aug. 2013) --- The Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit helmet ? worn by European Space Agency astronaut Luca Parmitano during a July 16 spacewalk that was cut short when the helmet began to fill with water ? is captured in a close-up image in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station. After assembling and powering up the empty suit as if it were about to go out on another spacewalk, Parmitano and NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy (both out of frame), both Expedition 36 flight engineers, observed water once again leaking into the helmet. With the issue reproduced, NASA now has a baseline configuration for the crew to begin swapping out parts for additional tests to pinpoint the problem. There are also opportunities to either launch replacement parts on upcoming cargo flights or return parts to Earth for further study once more is known about the cause of the issue.

Quest airlock with malfunctioning EMU

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-08-27

ISS036-E-037243 (27 Aug. 2013) --- NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy, Expedition 36 flight engineer, works with an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station. Cassidy is performing a checkout of the spacesuit worn by European Space Agency astronaut Luca Parmitano during a July 16 spacewalk that was cut short when its helmet began to fill with water. After assembling and powering up the empty suit as if it were about to go out on another spacewalk, Cassidy and Parmitano (out of frame) observed water once again leaking into the helmet. With the issue reproduced, NASA now has a baseline configuration for the crew to begin swapping out parts for additional tests to pinpoint the problem. There are also opportunities to either launch replacement parts on upcoming cargo flights or return parts to Earth for further study once more is known about the cause of the issue.

Cassidy in Quest airlock with malfunctioning EMU

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-08-27

ISS036-E-037230 (27 Aug. 2013) --- NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy, Expedition 36 flight engineer, works with an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station. Cassidy is performing a checkout of the spacesuit worn by European Space Agency astronaut Luca Parmitano during a July 16 spacewalk that was cut short when its helmet began to fill with water. After assembling and powering up the empty suit as if it were about to go out on another spacewalk, Cassidy and Parmitano (out of frame) observed water once again leaking into the helmet. With the issue reproduced, NASA now has a baseline configuration for the crew to begin swapping out parts for additional tests to pinpoint the problem. There are also opportunities to either launch replacement parts on upcoming cargo flights or return parts to Earth for further study once more is known about the cause of the issue.

Cassidy in Quest airlock with malfunctioning EMU

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-08-27

ISS036-E-037231 (27 Aug. 2013) --- NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy, Expedition 36 flight engineer, works with an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station. Cassidy is performing a checkout of the spacesuit worn by European Space Agency astronaut Luca Parmitano during a July 16 spacewalk that was cut short when its helmet began to fill with water. After assembling and powering up the empty suit as if it were about to go out on another spacewalk, Cassidy and Parmitano (out of frame) observed water once again leaking into the helmet. With the issue reproduced, NASA now has a baseline configuration for the crew to begin swapping out parts for additional tests to pinpoint the problem. There are also opportunities to either launch replacement parts on upcoming cargo flights or return parts to Earth for further study once more is known about the cause of the issue.

LOFT. Containment and service building (TAN650) basement floor plan. Basement ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

LOFT. Containment and service building (TAN-650) basement floor plan. Basement airlock, shielded roadway, service areas, connection to control building. Kaiser engineers 6413-11-STEP/LOFT-650-A-1. Date: October 1964. INEEL index code no. 036-650-00-416-122213 - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Area North, Scoville, Butte County, ID

The high pressure gas assembly is moved to the payload canister

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In the Operations and Checkout Building, workers wait in the payload canister as an overhead crane moves the high pressure gas assembly -- two gaseous oxygen and two gaseous nitrogen storage tanks toward it. The joint airlock module is already in the canister. The airlock and tanks are part of the payload on mission STS-104 and are being transferred to orbiter Atlantis'''s payload bay. The storage tanks will be attached to the airlock during two spacewalks. The storage tanks will support future spacewalk operations from the Station and augment the Service Module gas resupply system. STS- 104 is scheduled for launch June 14 from Launch Pad 39B.

ETR, TRA642 AND TRA647. FLOOR PLANS FOR FIRST AND SECOND ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

ETR, TRA-642 AND TRA-647. FLOOR PLANS FOR FIRST AND SECOND FLOORS OF THE OFFICE AND CONTROL BUILDING ALONG THE NORTH WALL OF THE ETR BUILDING. HEALTH PHYSICS, OPERATIONS, AND CONTROL ROOM. AIRLOCK DOOR. OFFICES. STAIRWAY LOCATIONS. KAISER ETR-5528-MTR-642-A-3, 10/1955. INL INDEX NO. 532-0642-00-100911, REV. 0. - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Reactor Area, Materials & Engineering Test Reactors, Scoville, Butte County, ID

Zamka with EV Crewmembers in A/L prior to EVA 3

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-02-17

S130-E-009394 (16 Feb. 2010) --- NASA astronaut George Zamka, STS-130 commander, is pictured in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station as astronauts Robert Behnken and Nicholas Patrick, both mission specialists, prepare to exit the airlock to begin the mission’s third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA).

General view looking forward from the starboard side of the ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

General view looking forward from the starboard side of the Orbiter Discovery looking into the payload bay and the bulkhead of the forward fuselage with the airlock. The docking ring and airlock hatches have been removed from the airlock prior to this photo being taken. Note that the Orbiter Boom Sensor System is still attached while the Remote Manipulator System has been removed. Also note the suspended protective panels and walkways in place to protect the interior surfaces of the payload bay doors while in their open position. This view was taken from a service platform in the Orbiter Processing Facility at Kennedy Space Center. - Space Transportation System, Orbiter Discovery (OV-103), Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, Harris County, TX

Fully EMU suited MS Peterson and MS Musgrave in airlock

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1983-01-01

Fully extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) suited Mission Specialist (MS) Peterson (wearing glasses) and MS Musgrave with service and cooling umbilical (SCU) connected to their displays and control modules (DCMs) participate in airlock prebreathe procedures. Three-fourths of the STS-6 astronaut crew appear in this unusual 35mm frame exposed in the airlock of the Earth-orbiting Challenger, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 099. Musgrave's helmet visor encompasses all the action in the frame. Peterson is reflected on the right side of Musgrave's visor with Pilot Bobko, wearing conventional onboard clothing and photographing, the activity appearing at the center of the frame. The reversed numbers (1 and 2) in the mirrored image represents the extravehicular activity (EVA) designations for the two mission specialists.

Orbital fatigue tester for use in Skylab experiment T032

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sandorff, P. E.

1973-01-01

A prototype fatigue test machine is described which is suitable for use by an astronaut in conducting constant amplitude materials fatigue tests aboard a Skylab or space shuttle vehicle. The machine is comparised of a mechanical tester, which would be passed through a small (7.6-inch square) airlock to be supported in the space environment on an extendible boom, and a control console, which would provide remote control from within the space vehicle.

STS-54 Commander Casper at airlock hatch on CCT middeck during JSC training

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

STS-54 Endeavour, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 105, Commander John H. Casper manipulates the airlock hatch and its equalization valves on the middeck of JSC's Crew Compartment Trainer (CCT). Casper is rehearsing the sequence of events necessary for extravehicular activity (EVA) egress for the upcoming STS-54 mission. Visible in the airlock is an extravehicular mobility unit (EMU). Two of the STS-54 crewmembers will don EMUs and egress through the EV hatch into the payload bay (PLB) after Casper closes the intravehicular (IV) hatch behind them. The EVA crewmembers will spend four-plus hours on a planned spacewalk to evaluate EVA techniques and gear for the Space Station Freedom (SSF). The CCT is located in JSC's Mockup and Integration Laboratory (MAIL) Bldg 9NE.

Portable Hyperbaric Chamber

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schneider, William C. (Inventor); Locke, James P. (Inventor); DeLaFuente, Horacio (Inventor)

2001-01-01

A portable, collapsible hyperbaric chamber was developed. A toroidal inflatable skeleton provides initial structural support for the chamber, allowing the attendant and/or patient to enter the chamber. Oval hatches mate against bulkhead rings, and the hyperbaric chamber is pressurized. The hatches seal against an o-ring, and the internal pressure of the chamber provides the required pressure against the hatch to maintain an airtight seal. In the preferred embodiment, the hyperbaric chamber has an airlock to allow the attendant to enter and exit the patient chamber during treatment. Visual communication is provided through portholes in the patient and/or airlock chamber. Life monitoring and support systems are in communication with the interior of the hyperbaric chamber and/or airlock chamber through conduits and/or sealed feed-through connectors into the hyperbaric chamber.

International Space Station (ISS)

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-05-01

The Joint Airlock Module for the International Space Station (ISS) awaits shipment to the Kennedy Space Center in the Space Station manufacturing facility at the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. The Airlock includes two sections. The larger equipment lock on the left is where crews will change into and out of their spacesuits for extravehicular activities, and store spacesuits, batteries, power tools, and other supplies. The narrower crewlock from which the astronauts will exit into space for extravehicular activities, is on the right. The airlock is 18 feet long and has a mass of about 13,500 pounds. It was launched to the station aboard the Space Shuttle orbiter Atlantis (STS-104 mission) on July 12, 2001. The MSFC is playing a primary role in NASA's development, manufacturing, and operations of the ISS.

Vapor containment tests of the rapid response system glovebox. Final report, December 1995-April 1996

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Arca, V.J.; Blewett, W.K.; Kinne, W.E.

1996-10-01

The Rapid Response System (RRS) is a trailer-mounted facility for demilitarizing Chemical Agent Identification Sets (CAIS), obsolete training kits containing ampules and/or bottles of chemical warfare agents (mustard and lewisite), or other industrial chemical compounds. The main component of the RRS is a glovebox divided into three areas - an airlock station, unpack station, and neutralization station, and the CAIS items are processed through each station by use of 11 glove ports. The glovebox is maintained at negative pressure differential by a gas-particulate filter-blower unit. To measure the performance of the glovebox in containing chemical vapors/gases, a series of testsmore » was conducted on 811 April 1996 at Tooele Army Depot, UT, with methyl salicylate, a simulant for mustard. This testing addressed performance in steady state operation, airlock cycling, waste barrel changeout, and glove changeout. Two trials were also conducted in a simulated power-failure condition to determine the rate of leakage if system airflow is interrupted. The glovebox and its engineering controls provided a very high level of protection. Some procedural changes were recommended to increase the protection factor in glove and barrel changeout operations.« less

Interior view of the external airlock of the Orbiter Discovery. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Interior view of the external airlock of the Orbiter Discovery. In the lower portion of the image is the Aft Hatch and in the upper portion the image is the Upper Hatch. This photograph was taken in the Orbiter Processing Facility at the Kennedy Space Center. - Space Transportation System, Orbiter Discovery (OV-103), Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, Harris County, TX

Forrester opens a MISSE PEC installed on the ISS Airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-08-16

STS105-346-007 (18 August 2001) --- Astronaut Patrick G. Forrester, during the second STS-105 extravehicular activity, prepares to work with the Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE). The experiment was installed on the outside of the Quest Airlock during the first extravehicular activity (EVA) of the STS-105 mission. MISSE will collect information on how different materials weather in the environment of space.

MISSE PEC, on the ISS Airlock crewlock endcone

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-08-17

STS105-E-5342 (17 August 2001) --- Backdropped by a sunrise, the newly installed Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) is visible. The MISSE was installed on the outside of the Quest Airlock during the first extravehicular activity (EVA) of the STS-105 mission. MISSE will collect information on how different materials weather in the environment of space. This image was taken with a digital still camera.

Microgravity Science Glovebox - Airlock

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1997-01-01

This photo shows the access through the internal airlock (bottom right) on the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) being developed by the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA for use aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Scientists will use the MSG to carry out multidisciplinary studies in combustion science, fluid physics and materials science. The MSG is managed by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Photo Credit: NASA/MSFC

Protective isolation in single-bed rooms: studies in a modified hospital ward

PubMed Central

Ayliffe, G. A. J.; Collins, B. J.; Lowbury, E. J. L.; Wall, Mary

1971-01-01

Studies were made in a modified hospital ward containing 19 beds, 14 of them in the open ward, one in a window-ventilated side-room, two in rooms with partial-recirculation ventilators giving 7-10 air changes per hour, and two in self-contained isolation suites with plenum ventilation (20 air changes per hour), ultra-violet (UV) barriers at doorways and airlocks. Preliminary tests with aerosols of tracer bacteria showed that few bacteria entered the plenum or recirculation-ventilated rooms. Bacteria released inside mechanically ventilated cubicles escaped into the corridor, but this transfer was reduced by the presence of an airlock. UV barriers at the entrance to the airlock and the cubicle reduced the transfer of bacteria from cubicle to corridor. During a period of 4 years while the ward was in use for surgical and gynaecological patients, the incidence of post-operative sepsis and colonization of wounds by multiple-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was lower (though not significantly lower) in the plenum-ventilated rooms than in the open ward, the recirculator-ventilated cubicles and the window-ventilated cubicles. Nasal acquisition of multiple-resistant Staph. aureus was significantly less common in the plenum-ventilated than in the recirculator-ventilated cubicles and in the other areas. Mean counts of bacteria on settle-plates were significantly lower in the plenum-ventilated cubicles than in the other areas; mean settle-plate counts in the recirculator-ventilated cubicles were significantly lower than in the open ward and in the window-ventilated side-room; similar results were shown by slit-sampling of air. Mean settle-plate counts were significantly lower in all areas when the ward was occupied by female patients. Staph. aureus was rarely carried by air from plenum-ventilated or other cubicles to the open ward, or from the open ward to the cubicles; though staphylococci were transferred from one floor area to another, they did not appear to be redispersed into the air in sufficient numbers to infect the patients. Ultra-violet irradiation caused a significant reduction in the total and staphylococcal counts from the floors of airlocks, and a significant reduction of total counts in the air. PMID:5289715

MSFC Skylab electrical power systems mission evaluation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Woosley, A. P.

1974-01-01

The design, development, and operation of the Skylab electrical power system are discussed. The electrical systems for the airlock module of the orbital workshop and the Apollo telescope mount are described. Skylab is considered an integral laboratory, however, both cluster and module hardware distinct sections are included. Significant concept and requirement evolution, testing, and modifications resulting from tests are briefly summarized to aid in understanding the launch configuration description and the procedures and performance discussed for in-orbit operation. Specific problems encountered during Skylab orbital missions are analyzed.

Usachev in orbiter airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-03-09

STS102-E-5019 (9 March 2001) --- Cosmonaut Yury V. Usachev, representing Rosaviakosmos, checks out two extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) space suits in the airlock of the Space Shuttle Discovery only hours away from assuming his role as a full fledged International Space Station crew member. Usachev, Expedition Two commander, and two astronauts are scheduled to trade places with two cosmonauts and an astronaut who have been onboard the orbiting outpost since early November 2000.

Fabric Structures Team Technology Update

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-11-01

Command Posts – • Julia McAdams – Chemical Engineer • Liz Swisher – Electrical Engineer • Chris Aall – Mechanical Engineer • Clinton McAdams...TEMPER design originally built for AMED through Force Provider (640 sq ft with a 20 ft long airlock) • The entire airlock is made of textiles and...Activity (USAMMDA) UNCLASSIFIED Large Command Post Airbeam Shelter NSRDEC Deployment – Sept 2011 UNCLASSIFIED Airbeam & Frame Backpackable Tents • Primary

LOFT. Containment and service building (TAN650) ground floor plan. Penetrations ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

LOFT. Containment and service building (TAN-650) ground floor plan. Penetrations in dome wall. Shielded personnel maze at airlock door. Reactor chamber floor hatches and holddowns. Rails in concrete floor. Kaiser engineers 6413-11-STEP/LOFT-650-A-2. Date: October 1964. INEEL index code no. 036-650-00-486-122214 - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Area North, Scoville, Butte County, ID

Forrester with a MISSE PEC installed on the ISS Airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-08-16

STS105-346-011 (18 August 2001) --- Astronaut Patrick G. Forrester, during the second STS-105 extravehicular activity, prepares to work with the Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE, almost out of frame at left). The experiment was installed on the outside of the Quest Airlock during the first extravehicular activity (EVA) of the STS-105 mission. MISSE will collect information on how different materials weather in the environment of space.

External airlock assembly/Mir docking system being loaded

NASA Image and Video Library

1994-11-15

S95-00057 (15 Nov 1994) --- In Rockwell's Building 290 at Downey, California, the external airlock assembly/Mir docking system is rotated into position for crating up for shipment to the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. Jointly developed by Rockwell and RSC Energia, the external airlock assembly and Mir docking system will be mounted in the cargo bay of the Space Shuttle Atlantis to enable the shuttle to link up to Russia's Mir space station. The docking system contains hooks and latches compatible with the system currently housed on the Mir's Krystall module, to which Atlantis will attach for the first time next spring. STS-71 will carry two Russian cosmonauts, who will replace a three-man crew aboard Mir including Norman E. Thagard, a NASA astronaut. The combined 10-person crew will conduct almost five days of joint life sciences investigations both aboard Mir and in the Space Shuttle Atlantis's Spacelab module.

Independent Orbiter Assessment (IOA): Analysis of the life support and airlock support subsystems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arbet, Jim; Duffy, R.; Barickman, K.; Saiidi, Mo J.

1987-01-01

The results of the Independent Orbiter Assessment (IOA) of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Critical Items List (CIL) are presented. The IOA approach features a top-down analysis of the hardware to determine failure modes, criticality, and potential critical items. To preserve independence, this analysis was accomplished without reliance upon the results contained within the NASA FMEA/CIL documentation. This report documents the independent analysis results corresponding to the Orbiter Life Support System (LSS) and Airlock Support System (ALSS). Each level of hardware was evaluated and analyzed for possible failure modes and effects. Criticality was assigned based upon the severity of the effect for each failure mode. The LSS provides for the management of the supply water, collection of metabolic waste, management of waste water, smoke detection, and fire suppression. The ALSS provides water, oxygen, and electricity to support an extravehicular activity in the airlock.

Efficacy of laser-driven irrigation versus ultrasonic in removing an airlock from the apical third of a narrow root canal.

PubMed

Peeters, Harry Huiz; Gutknecht, Norbert

2014-08-01

The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that air entrapment occurs in the apical third of a root canal during irrigation. A second objective was to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference between laser-driven irrigation (an erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser) and passive ultrasonic irrigation in removing an airlock from the apical third. One hundred twenty extracted human teeth with single narrow root canals were randomised into two experimental groups (n = 40) and two control groups (n = 20). The specimens were shaped using hand instruments up to a size 30/0.02 file. The teeth were irrigated with a mixture of saline, radiopaque contrast and ink in solution. In the passive ultrasonic irrigation group, the irrigant was activated with an ultrasonic device for 60 s. In the laser group, the irrigant was activated with a laser for 60 s. It was concluded that if the insertion of irrigation needle is shorter than the working length, air entrapment may develop in the apical third, but the use of laser-driven irrigation is completely effective in removing it. © 2013 The Authors. Australian Endodontic Journal © 2013 Australian Society of Endodontology.

Gerst working on JEM airlock satellite deployer

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-06-25

ISS040-E-019318 (25 June 2014) --- In the International Space Station?s Kibo laboratory, European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst, Expedition 40 flight engineer, prepares to transfer a multi-purpose experiment platform and a robotic arm known as the Small Fine Arm through the Kibo module?s scientific airlock. The Small Fine Arm, which attaches to the Kibo?s larger main arm, handles delicate operations involved in exchanging experiments and payloads located on the Exposed Facility.

Gerst working on JEM airlock satellite deployer

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-06-25

ISS040-E-019300 (25 June 2014) --- In the International Space Station?s Kibo laboratory, European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst, Expedition 40 flight engineer, prepares to transfer a multi-purpose experiment platform and a robotic arm known as the Small Fine Arm through the Kibo module?s scientific airlock. The Small Fine Arm, which attaches to the Kibo?s larger main arm, handles delicate operations involved in exchanging experiments and payloads located on the Exposed Facility.

Gerst working on JEM airlock satellite deployer

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-06-25

ISS040-E-019312 (25 June 2014) --- In the International Space Station?s Kibo laboratory, European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst, Expedition 40 flight engineer, prepares to transfer a multi-purpose experiment platform and a robotic arm known as the Small Fine Arm through the Kibo module?s scientific airlock. The Small Fine Arm, which attaches to the Kibo?s larger main arm, handles delicate operations involved in exchanging experiments and payloads located on the Exposed Facility.

Gerst working on JEM airlock satellite deployer

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-06-25

ISS040-E-019307 (25 June 2014) --- In the International Space Station?s Kibo laboratory, European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst, Expedition 40 flight engineer, prepares to transfer a multi-purpose experiment platform and a robotic arm known as the Small Fine Arm through the Kibo module?s scientific airlock. The Small Fine Arm, which attaches to the Kibo?s larger main arm, handles delicate operations involved in exchanging experiments and payloads located on the Exposed Facility.

Gerst working on JEM airlock satellite deployer

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-06-25

ISS040-E-019299 (25 June 2014) --- In the International Space Station?s Kibo laboratory, European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst, Expedition 40 flight engineer, prepares to transfer a multi-purpose experiment platform and a robotic arm known as the Small Fine Arm through the Kibo module?s scientific airlock. The Small Fine Arm, which attaches to the Kibo?s larger main arm, handles delicate operations involved in exchanging experiments and payloads located on the Exposed Facility.

Bursch on outside of Quest Airlock during EVA 3, Expedition Four

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-02-20

ISS004-E-8043 (20 February 2002) --- Astronaut Daniel W. Bursch, Expedition Four flight engineer, participates in the five-hour, 47-minute space walk on February 20, 2002. He moves among the oxygen and nitrogen tanks on the exterior of Quest Airlock. The square device (left) on the Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS) or Canadarm2 is the Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE). The image was recorded with a digital still camera.

Cassidy, Barratt and Wakata in Airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-07-27

ISS020-E-025693 (27 July 2009) --- Attired in his Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit, astronaut Christopher Cassidy, STS-127 mission specialist, is pictured in the Quest Airlock of the International Space Station as the mission's fifth and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) draws to a close. Astronaut Michael Barratt, Expedition 20 flight engineer, photographs the EMU gloves worn by Cassidy while Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Koichi Wakata, mission specialist, assists with the doffing of the spacesuit.

Microgravity

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-03-11

This photo shows the access through the internal airlock on the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) being developed by the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA for use aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The airlock will allow the insertion or removal of equipment and samples without opening the working volume of the glovebox. Scientists will use the MSG to carry out multidisciplinary studies in combustion science, fluid physics and materials science. The MSG is managed by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Photo Credit: NASA/MSFC

Expedition Two Crew photo in Quest airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-20

STS104-E-5188 (20 July 2001) --- The Expedition Two crew poses for an in-flight portrait in the newly- delivered Quest Airlock on the International Space Station (ISS). Flanked by two extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) space suits, are, from left, Susan J. Helms, Yury V. Usachev and James S. Voss. Usachev is commander and Voss and Helms are both flight engineers. This image was recorded by one of the visiting STS-104 crew members using a digital still camera.

Suitport Feasibility - Human Pressurized Space Suit Donning Tests with the Marman Clamp and Pneumatic Flipper Suitport Concepts

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Boyle, Robert M.; Rodriggs, Liana; Allton, Charles; Jennings, Mallory; Aitchision, Lindsay

2013-01-01

The suitport concept has been recently implemented as part of the small pressurized lunar rover (Currently the Space Exploration vehicle, or SEV) and the Multi-Mission Space Exploration Vehicle (MMSEV) concept demonstrator vehicle. Suitport replaces or augments the traditional airlock function of a spacecraft by providing a bulkhead opening, capture mechanism, and sealing system to allow ingress and egress of a space suit while the space suit remains outside of the pressurized volume of the spacecraft. This presents significant new opportunities to EVA exploration in both microgravity and surface environments. The suitport concept will enable three main improvements in EVA by providing reductions in: pre-EVA time from hours to less than thirty minutes; airlock consumables; contamination returned to the cabin with the EVA crewmember. Two second generation suitports were designed and tested. The previously reported second generation Marman Clamp suitport and a newer concept, the Pneumatic Flipper Suitport. These second generation suitports demonstrated human donning and doffing of the Z1 spacesuit with an 8.3 psi pressure differential across the spacesuit. Testing was performed using the JSC B32 Chamber B, a human rated vacuum chamber. The test included human rated suitports, the suitport compatible prototype suit, and chamber modifications. This test brought these three elements together in the first ever pressurized donning of a rear entry suit through a suitport. This paper presents the results of the testing, including unexpected difficulties with doffing, and engineering solutions implemented to ease the difficulties. A review of suitport functions, including a discussion of the need to doff a pressurized suit in earth gravity, is included. Recommendations for future design and testing are documented.

Suitport Feasibility - Human Pressurized Space Suit Donning Tests with the Marmon Clamp and Pneumatic Flipper Suitport Concepts

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Boyle, Robert M.; Rodriggs, Liana; Alton, Charles; Jennings, Mallory; Aitchison, Lindsay

2012-01-01

The suitport concept has been recently implemented as part of the small pressurized lunar rover (Currently the Space Exploration vehicle, or SEV) and the Multi-Mission Space Exploration Vehicle (MMSEV) concept demonstrator vehicle. Suitport replaces or augments the traditional airlock function of a spacecraft by providing a bulkhead opening, capture mechanism, and sealing system to allow ingress and egress of a space suit while the space suit remains outside of the pressurized volume of the spacecraft. This presents significant new opportunities to EVA exploration in both microgravity and surface environments. The suitport concept will enable three main improvements in EVA by providing reductions in: pre-EVA time from hours to less than thirty minutes; airlock consumables; contamination returned to the cabin with the EVA crewmember. Two second generation suitports were designed and tested. The previously reported second generation Marman Clamp suitport and a newer concept, the Pneumatic Flipper Suitport. These second generation suitports demonstrated human donning and doffing of the Z1 spacesuit with an 8.3 psi pressure differential across the spacesuit. Testing was performed using the JSC B32 Chamber B, a human rated vacuum chamber. The test included human rated suitports, the suitport compatible prototype suit, and chamber modifications. This test brought these three elements together in the first ever pressurized donning of a rear entry suit through a suitport. This paper presents the results of the testing, including unexpected difficulties with doffing, and engineering solutions implemented to ease the difficulties. A review of suitport functions, including a discussion of the need to doff a pressurized suit in earth gravity, is included. Recommendations for future design and testing are documented.

International Space Station (ISS) Gas Logistics Planning in the Post Shuttle Era

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leonard, Daniel J.; Cook, Anthony J.; Lehman, Daniel A.

2011-01-01

Over its life the International Space Station (ISS) has received gas (nitrogen, oxygen, and air) from various sources. Nitrogen and oxygen are used in the cabin to maintain total pressure and oxygen partial pressures within the cabin. Plumbed nitrogen is also required to support on-board experiments and medical equipment. Additionally, plumbed oxygen is required to support medical equipment as well as emergency masks and most importantly EVA support. Gas are supplied to ISS with various methods and vehicles. Vehicles like the Progress and ATV deliver nitrogen (both as a pure gas and as air) and oxygen via direct releases into the cabin. An additional source of nitrogen and oxygen is via tanks on the ISS Airlock. The Airlock nitrogen and oxygen tanks can deliver to various users via pressurized systems that run throughout the ISS except for the Russian segment. Metabolic oxygen is mainly supplied via cabin release from the Elektron and Oxygen Generator Assembly (OGA), which are water electrolyzers. As a backup system, oxygen candles (Solid Fuel Oxygen Generators-SFOGs) supply oxygen to the cabin as well. In the past, a major source of nitrogen and oxygen has come from the Shuttle via both direct delivery to the cabin as well as to recharge the ISS Airlock tanks. To replace the Shuttle capability to recharge the ISS Airlock tanks, a new system was developed called Nitrogen/Oxygen Recharge System (NORS). NIORS consists of high pressure (7000 psi) tanks which recharge the ISS Airlock tanks via a blowdown fill for both nitrogen and oxygen. NORS tanks can be brought up on most logistics vehicles such as the HTV, COTS, and ATV. A proper balance must be maintained to insure sufficient gas resources are available on-orbit so that all users have the required gases via the proper delivery method (cabin and/or plumbed).

KSC-97pc764

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-05-01

KSC payload processing employees in Orbiter Processing Facility 1 prepare the Space Shuttle Orbiter Columbia’s crew airlock and payload bay for the reinstallation of the Spacelab long transfer tunnel that leads from the airlock to the Microgravity Science Laboratory-1 (MSL-1) Spacelab module. The tunnel was taken out after the STS-83 mission to allow better access to the MSL-1 module during reservicing operations to prepare it for for the STS-94 mission. That space flight is now scheduled to lift off in early July. This was the first time that this type of payload was reserviced without removing it from the payload bay. This new procedure pioneers processing efforts for quick relaunch turnaround times for future payloads. The Spacelab module was scheduled to fly again with the full complement of STS-83 experiments after that mission was cut short due to a faulty fuel cell. During the scheduled 16-day STS-94 mission, the experiments will be used to test some of the hardware, facilities and procedures that are planned for use on the International Space Station while the flight crew conducts combustion, protein crystal growth and materials processing experiments

KSC-2012-1174

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, workers rewrap NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) in a protective shroud. The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1164

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, workers lift NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) from its shipping container. The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

Astronomy through the Skylab scientific airlocks.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Henize, K. G.; Weinberg, J. L.

1973-01-01

Description of Skylab astronomy experiments (other than the Apollo Telescope Mount experiments) designed to study the earth's atmosphere, particles near the spacecraft, various components of the background skylight, the spectra of the sun, and the features of stars, nebulae, and galaxies. Emphasis is placed on the eight experiments that will operate through the scientific airlocks in the Orbital Workshop. The major features of equipment to be used in each experiment are outlined together with characteristics and relevance of information expected in each case.

Antonelli and Wakata at hatch of Crew Lock

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-03-21

S119-E-006956 (21 March 2009) --- NASA astronaut Tony Antonelli (left), STS-119 pilot; and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Koichi Wakata, Expedition 18 flight engineer, are pictured in the Quest Airlock of the International Space Station while Space Shuttle Discovery remains docked with the station. They are about to open the hatch for Steve Swanson and Joseph Acaba, mission specialists, as they return to the station’s Quest Airlock as the mission’s second session of extravehicular activity (EVA) draws to a close.

Expedition Seven Lu with EMU in Quest airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-09-05

ISS007-E-14470 (5 September 2003) --- Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, performs routine maintenance on an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suit in the Quest airlock on the International Space Station (ISS). The work represents a mid-term checkout and included emptying and refilling the suit’s water tank and loops, cycling relief valves, checking sensors and collecting data, a leak check and running the suit’s fan for two hours to lubricate it.

Expedition Seven Lu with EMU in Quest airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-09-05

ISS007-E-14473 (5 September 2003) --- Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, performs routine maintenance on an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suit in the Quest airlock on the International Space Station (ISS). The work represents a mid-term checkout and included emptying and refilling the suit’s water tank and loops, cycling relief valves, checking sensors and collecting data, a leak check and running the suit’s fan for two hours to lubricate it.

Expedition Seven Lu with EMU in Quest airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-09-05

ISS007-E-14469 (5 September 2003) --- Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, performs routine maintenance on an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suit in the Quest airlock on the International Space Station (ISS). The work represents a mid-term checkout and included emptying and refilling the suit’s water tank and loops, cycling relief valves, checking sensors and collecting data, a leak check and running the suit’s fan for two hours to lubricate it.

Expedition Seven Lu with EMU in Quest airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-09-05

ISS007-E-14472 (5 September 2003) --- Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, performs routine maintenance on an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suit in the Quest airlock on the International Space Station (ISS). The work represents a mid-term checkout and included emptying and refilling the suit’s water tank and loops, cycling relief valves, checking sensors and collecting data, a leak check and running the suit’s fan for two hours to lubricate it.

Microgravity Science Glovebox - Airlock

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1997-01-01

Once the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) is sealed, additional experiment items can be inserted through a small airlock at the bottom right of the work volume. It is shown here with the door removed. The European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA are developing the MSG for use aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Scientists will use the MSG to carry out multidisciplinary studies in combustion science, fluid physics and materials science. The MSG is managed by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Photo Credit: NASA/MSFC

Microgravity Science Glovebox - Airlock

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1997-01-01

Once the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) is sealed, additional experiment items can be inserted through a small airlock at the bottom right of the work volume. It is shown here with the door open. The European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA are developing the MSG for use aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Scientists will use the MSG to carry out multidisciplinary studies in combustion science, fluid physics and materials science. The MSG is managed by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Photo Credit: NASA/MSFC

MS Grunsfeld wearing EMU in Airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-03-08

STS109-E-5721 (8 March 2002) --- Astronaut John M. Grunsfeld, STS-109 payload commander, attired in the extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) space suit, completed suited is in the Space Shuttle Columbia’s airlock. Grunsfeld and Richard M. Linnehan, mission specialist, were about to participate in STS-109’s fifth space walk. Activities for EVA-5 centered around the Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) to install a Cryogenic Cooler and its Cooling System Radiator. The image was recorded with a digital still camera.

Microgravity

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-03-11

This photo shows the access through the internal airlock (bottom right) on the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) being developed by the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA for use aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The airlock will allow the insertion or removal of equipment and samples without opening the working volume of the glovebox. Scientists will use the MSG to carry out multidisciplinary studies in combustion science, fluid physics and materials science. The MSG is managed by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Photo Credit: NASA/MSFC

PHOTO DATE: 04-23-15.LOCATION: Bldg. 9NW - ISS Airlock Mockup .SUBJECT: Expedition 48/49 (Soyuz 47) crew members Kate Rubins and Takuya Onishi with Soyuz 49 crew member Peggy Whitson during ISS EVA P/P 1 training with instructor Grant Slusser.PHOTOGRAPHER: BILL STAFFORD

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-04-23

PHOTO DATE: 04-23-15 LOCATION: Bldg. 9NW - ISS Airlock Mockup SUBJECT: Expedition 48/49 (Soyuz 47) crew members Kate Rubins and Takuya Onishi with Soyuz 49 crew member Peggy Whitson during ISS EVA P/P 1 training with instructor Grant Slusser PHOTOGRAPHER: BILL STAFFORD

Metal with a memory provides useful tool for Skylab astronauts

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, G. A.

1975-01-01

Extendible booms used to convey film cassettes weighing 56.7 kg (125 lb) between the Airlock Module and the Apollo Telescope Mount are described along with the dispensing mechanism. Problems encountered with the mechanism during the test program are discussed. These problems were mainly associated with operation in cold temperature, lubrication, and the motor/gearhead assembly. Another set of problems which arose during crew training in the MSFC water tank is also discussed.

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1972-01-01

This photograph shows the flight article of the Airlock Module (AM)/Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA) assembly being readied for testing in a clean room at the McDornell Douglas Plant in St. Louis, Missouri. Although the AM and the MDA were separate entities, they were in many respects simply two components of a single module. The AM enabled crew members to conduct extravehicular activities outside Skylab as required for experiment support. Oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks needed for Skylab's life support system were mounted on the external truss work of the AM. Major components in the AM included Skylab's electric power control and distribution station, environmental control system, communication system, and data handling and recording systems. The MDA, forward of the AM, provided docking facilities for the Command and Service Module. It also accommodated several experiment systems, among them the Earth Resource Experiment Package, the materials processing facility, and the control and display console needed for the Apollo Telescope Mount solar astronomy studies. The AM was built by McDonnell Douglas and the MDA was built by Martin Marietta. The Marshall Space Flight Center was responsible for the design and development of the Skylab hardware and experiment management.

Testing of Space Suit Materials for Mars

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Larson, Kristine

2016-01-01

Human missions to Mars may require radical changes in our approach to EVA suit design. A major challenge is the balance of building a suit robust enough to complete 50 EVAs in the dirt under intense UV exposure without losing mechanical strength or compromising its mobility. We conducted ground testing on both current and new space suit materials to determine performance degradation after exposure to 2500 hours of Mars mission equivalent UV. This testing will help mature the material technologies and provide performance data that can be used by not only the space suit development teams but for all Mars inflatable and soft goods derived structures from airlocks to habitats.

JEMRMS Small Satellite Deployment Observation

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-10-04

ISS033-E-009334 (4 Oct. 2012) --- Several tiny satellites are featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 33 crew member on the International Space Station. The satellites were released outside the Kibo laboratory using a Small Satellite Orbital Deployer attached to the Japanese module’s robotic arm on Oct. 4, 2012. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Aki Hoshide, flight engineer, set up the satellite deployment gear inside the lab and placed it in the Kibo airlock. The Japanese robotic arm then grappled the deployment system and its satellites from the airlock for deployment.

JEMRMS Small Satellite Deployment Observation

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-10-04

ISS033-E-009458 (4 Oct. 2012) --- Several tiny satellites are featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 33 crew member on the International Space Station. The satellites were released outside the Kibo laboratory using a Small Satellite Orbital Deployer attached to the Japanese module’s robotic arm on Oct. 4, 2012. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Aki Hoshide, flight engineer, set up the satellite deployment gear inside the lab and placed it in the Kibo airlock. The Japanese robotic arm then grappled the deployment system and its satellites from the airlock for deployment.

SSOD on JEM RMS

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-10-04

ISS033-E-009269 (4 Oct. 2012) --- A Small Satellite Orbital Deployer (SSOD) attached to the Japanese module’s robotic arm is featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 33 crew member on the International Space Station. Several tiny satellites were released outside the Kibo laboratory using the SSOD on Oct. 4, 2012. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Aki Hoshide, flight engineer, set up the satellite deployment gear inside the lab and placed it in the Kibo airlock. The Japanese robotic arm then grappled the deployment system and its satellites from the airlock for deployment.

Plastic toy shark drifts through airlock in front of EMU suited MS Lenoir

NASA Image and Video Library

1982-11-16

STS005-15-548 (11-16 Nov. 1982) --- Astronaut William B. Lenoir, STS-5 mission specialist, has donned the complete Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit in the airlock of the Earth-orbiting space shuttle Columbia. Dr. Lenoir and astronaut Joseph P. Allen IV, the flight?s other mission specialist, were to have participated in an extravehicular activity (EVA) today but problems with both EMU?s caused cancellation of the activity. The photograph was made by Dr. Allen using a 35mm camera. Photo credit: NASA

LOFT. Containment and service building (TAN650). South elevation, details, section. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

LOFT. Containment and service building (TAN-650). South elevation, details, section. Shows part of duct enclosure, railroad door opening, roof ventilators, shielded personnel entrance, and change room. Section F shows view from west looking toward shielding around airlock door on main floor. Kaiser engineers 6413-11-STEP/LOFT-650-A-9. Date: October 1964. INEEL index code no. 036-650-00-486-122221 - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Area North, Scoville, Butte County, ID

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - The Microgravity Science Laboratory-1 (MSL-1) Spacelab module is installed into the payload bay of the Space Shuttle Orbiter Columbia in Orbiter Processing Facility 1. The Spacelab long crew transfer tunnel that leads from the orbiter's crew airlock to the module is also aboard, as well as the Hitchhiker Cryogenic Flexible Diode (CRYOFD) experiment payload, which is attached to the right side of Columbia's payload bay. During the scheduled 16-day STS-83 mission, the MSL-1 will be used to test some of the hardware, facilities and procedures that are planned for use on the International Space Station while the flight crew conducts combustion, protein crystal growth and materials processing experiments.

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-02-13

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - The Microgravity Science Laboratory-1 (MSL-1) Spacelab module is installed into the payload bay of the Space Shuttle Orbiter Columbia in Orbiter Processing Facility 1. The Spacelab long crew transfer tunnel that leads from the orbiter's crew airlock to the module is also aboard, as well as the Hitchhiker Cryogenic Flexible Diode (CRYOFD) experiment payload, which is attached to the right side of Columbia's payload bay. During the scheduled 16-day STS-83 mission, the MSL-1 will be used to test some of the hardware, facilities and procedures that are planned for use on the International Space Station while the flight crew conducts combustion, protein crystal growth and materials processing experiments.

KSC-2012-1866

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-02-17

Apollo-Soyuz Test Project: The first international crewed spaceflight was a joint U.S.-U.S.S.R. rendezvous and docking mission. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, or ASTP, took its name from the spacecraft employed: the American Apollo and the Soviet Soyuz. The three-man Apollo crew lifted off from Kennedy Space Center aboard a Saturn IB rocket on July 15, 1975, to link up with the Soyuz that had launched a few hours earlier. A cylindrical docking module served as an airlock between the two spacecraft for transfer of the crew members. Poster designed by Kennedy Space Center Graphics Department/Greg Lee. Credit: NASA

Damage Tolerance Testing of a NASA TransHab Derivative Woven Inflatable Module

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Edgecombe, John; delaFuente, Horacio; Valle, Gerard

2009-01-01

Current options for Lunar habitat architecture include inflatable habitats and airlocks. Inflatable structures can have mass and volume advantages over conventional structures. However, inflatable structures carry different inherent risks and are at a lower Technical Readiness Level (TRL) than more conventional metallic structures. One of the risks associated with inflatable structures is in understanding the tolerance to induced damage. The Damage Tolerance Test (DTT) is designed to study the structural integrity of an expandable structure. TransHab (Figure 1) was an experimental inflatable module developed at the NASA/Johnson Space Center in the 1990 s. The TransHab design was originally envisioned for use in Mars Transits but was also studied as a potential habitat for the International Space Station (ISS). The design of the TransHab module was based on a woven design using an Aramid fabric. Testing of this design demonstrated a high level of predictability and repeatability with analytical predictions of stresses and deflections. Based on JSC s experience with the design and analysis of woven inflatable structures, the Damage Tolerance Test article was designed and fabricated using a woven design. The DTT article was inflated to 45 psig, representing 25% of the ultimate burst pressure, and one of the one-inch wide longitudinal structural members was severed by initiating a Linear Shaped Charge (LSC). Strain gage measurements, at the interface between the expandable elements (straps) and the nonexpandable metallic elements for pre-selected longitudinal straps, were taken throughout pressurization of the module and strap separation. Strain gage measurements show no change in longitudinal strap loading at the bulkhead interface after strap separation indicating loads in the restraint layer were re-distributed local to the damaged area due to the effects of friction under high internal pressure loading. The test completed all primary objectives with better than expected results. This paper will discuss space inflatable structures, damage tolerance analysis, test results, and applicability to the Lunar architecture.

Mars EVA Suit Airlock (MESA)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ransom, Stephen; Böttcher, Jörg; Steinsiek, Frank

The Astrium Space Infrastructure Division has begun an in-house research activity of an Earth-based simulation facility supporting future manned missions to Mars. This research unit will help to prepare and support planned missions in the following ways: 1) to enable the investigation and analysis of contamination issues in advance of a human visit to Mars; 2) as a design tool to investigate and simulate crew operations; 3) to simulate crew operation during an actual mission; 4) to enable on-surface scientific operations without leaving the shirt-sleeve habitation environment ("glove box principle"). The MESA module is a surface EVA facility attached to the main habitation or laboratory module, or mobile pressurized rover. It will be sealed, but not pressurized, and provide protection against the harsh Martian environment. This module will include a second crew airlock for safety reasons. The compartment can also be used to provide an external working bench and experiment area for the crew. A simpler MESA concept provides only an open shelter against wind and dust. This concept does not incorporate working and experimental areas. The principle idea behind the MESA concept is to tackle the issue of contamination by minimizing the decontamination processes needed to clean surface equipment and crew suit surfaces after an EVA excursion prior to the astronaut re-entering the habitable area. The technical solution envisages the use of a dedicated crew suit airlock. This airlock uses an EVA suit which is externally attached by its back-pack to the EVA compartment area facing the Martian environment. The crew donns the suit from inside the habitable volume through the airlock on the back of the suit. The surface EVA can be accomplished after closing the back-pack and detaching the suit. A special technical design concept foresees an extendable suit back-pack, so that the astronaut can operate outside and in the vincinity of the module. The key driver in the investigation is the problem of contamination of the habitable volume by EVA and sampling activities and the transport of Earth-generated contaminants to Mars.

DSMC Simulations of Disturbance Torque to ISS During Airlock Depressurization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lumpkin, F. E., III; Stewart, B. S.

2015-01-01

The primary attitude control system on the International Space Station (ISS) is part of the United States On-orbit Segment (USOS) and uses Control Moment Gyroscopes (CMG). The secondary system is part of the Russian On orbit Segment (RSOS) and uses a combination of gyroscopes and thrusters. Historically, events with significant disturbances such as the airlock depressurizations associated with extra-vehicular activity (EVA) have been performed using the RSOS attitude control system. This avoids excessive propulsive "de-saturations" of the CMGs. However, transfer of attitude control is labor intensive and requires significant propellant. Predictions employing NASA's DSMC Analysis Code (DAC) of the disturbance torque to the ISS for depressurization of the Pirs airlock on the RSOS will be presented [1]. These predictions were performed to assess the feasibility of using USOS control during these events. The ISS Pirs airlock is vented using a device known as a "T-vent" as shown in the inset in figure 1. By orienting two equal streams of gas in opposite directions, this device is intended to have no propulsive effect. However, disturbance force and torque to the ISS do occur due to plume impingement. The disturbance torque resulting from the Pirs depressurization during EVAs is estimated by using a loosely coupled CFD/DSMC technique [2]. CFD is used to simulate the flow field in the nozzle and the near field plume. DSMC is used to simulate the remaining flow field using the CFD results to create an in flow boundary to the DSMC simulation. Due to the highly continuum nature of flow field near the T-vent, two loosely coupled DSMC domains are employed. An 88.2 cubic meter inner domain contains the Pirs airlock and the T-vent. Inner domain results are used to create an in flow boundary for an outer domain containing the remaining portions of the ISS. Several orientations of the ISS solar arrays and radiators have been investigated to find cases that result in minimal disturbance torque. Figure 1 shows surface pressure contours on the ISS and a plane of number density contours for a particular case.

KSC-2012-1150

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, preparations are under way to remove the environmentally controlled shipping container from around NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR). The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1162

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, workers position a lifting fixture toward NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) during preparations to hoist it from its shipping container. The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1151

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, a crane is connected to the environmentally controlled shipping container during preparations to lift it away from NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR). The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1156

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, the top half of the shipping container is lifted away from NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR), wrapped in a protective shroud. The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1158

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, workers prepare to remove the protective shroud from around NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) as it rests in the bottom half of a shipping container. The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1165

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, a lifting fixture is employed to hoist NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) from its shipping container. The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1163

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, workers attach a lifting fixture to NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) during preparations to hoist it from its shipping container. The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1152

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, a crane lifts half of the environmentally controlled shipping container, providing a glimpse of NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR). The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1159

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, workers start to remove the protective shroud from around NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) as it rests in the bottom half of a shipping container. The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1147

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-27

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- Workers maneuver the payload transporter carrying the environmentally controlled shipping container enclosing NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) into position in the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California. The spacecraft arrived at 7:52 a.m. PST after a cross-country trip which began Jan. 24 from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va. The spacecraft will be removed from the shipping container in the airlock and transferred into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy x-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1161

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, workers remove the protective shroud from around NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) as it rests in the bottom half of a shipping container. The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1153

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, the environmentally controlled shipping container is lifted from around NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR), wrapped in a protective shroud. The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1167

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-28

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California, workers prepare a handling dolly to receive NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) as it glides away from its shipping container. The spacecraft arrived at VAFB Jan. 27 after a cross-country trip which began from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., on Jan. 24. Next, NuSTAR will be transferred from the airlock into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy X-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1148

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-27

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- The payload transporter carrying the environmentally controlled shipping container enclosing NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) is parked in the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California. The spacecraft arrived at 7:52 a.m. PST after a cross-country trip which began Jan. 24 from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va. The spacecraft will be removed from the shipping container in the airlock and transferred into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy x-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-01pp0936

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-04-27

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- After their arrival at the Shuttle Landing Facility, the STS-104 crew takes time to pose for a photo. Standing, left to right, are Mission Specialist Janet Kavandi, Pilot Charles Hobaugh, Commander Steven Lindsey, and Mission Specialists Michael Gernhardt and James Reilly. They are at KSC to continue Crew Equipment Interface Test activities such as payload familiarization. The airlock is the primary payload on their mission, scheduled to launch no earlier than June 14, 2001, from Launch Pad 39B

Photographic coronagraph, Skylab particulate experiment T025. [earth atmospheric pollution and Kohoutek Comet monitoring

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Giovane, F.; Schuerman, D. W.; Greenberg, J. M.

1977-01-01

A photographic coronagraph, built to monitor Skylab's extravehicular contamination, is described. This versatile instrument was used to observe the earth's vertical aerosol distribution and Comet Kohoutek (1973f) near perihelion. Although originally designed for deployment from the solar airlock, the instrument was modified for EVA operation when the airlock was rendered unusable. The results of the observations made in four EVA's were almost completely ruined by the failure of a Skylab operational camera used with the coronagraph. Nevertheless, an aerosol layer at 48 km was discovered in the southern hemisphere from the few useful photographs.

Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1998-01-01

The Microgravity Science Glovebox is a facility for performing microgravity research in the areas of materials, combustion, fluids and biotechnology science. The facility occupies a full ISPR, consisting of: the ISPR rack and infrastructure for the rack, the glovebox core facility, data handling, rack stowage, outfitting equipment, and a video subsystem. MSG core facility provides the experiment developers a chamber with air filtering and recycling, up to two levels of containment, an airlock for transfer of payload equipment to/from the main volume, interface resources for the payload inside the core facility, resources inside the airlock, and storage drawers for MSG support equipment and consumables.

STS-36 Mission Specialist Thuot operates 16mm camera on OV-104's middeck

NASA Image and Video Library

1990-03-03

STS-36 Mission Specialist (MS) Pierre J. Thuot operates 16mm ARRIFLEX motion picture camera mounted on the open airlock hatch via a bracket. Thuot uses the camera to record activity of his fellow STS-36 crewmembers on the middeck of Atlantis, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 104. Positioned between the airlock hatch and the starboard wall-mounted sleep restraints, Thuot, wearing a FAIRFAX t-shirt, squints into the cameras eye piece. Thuot and four other astronauts spent four days, 10 hours and 19 minutes aboard OV-104 for the Department of Defense (DOD) devoted mission.

Microgravity

NASA Image and Video Library

1998-05-01

The Microgravity Science Glovebox is a facility for performing microgravity research in the areas of materials, combustion, fluids and biotechnology science. The facility occupies a full ISPR, consisting of: the ISPR rack and infrastructure for the rack, the glovebox core facility, data handling, rack stowage, outfitting equipment, and a video subsystem. MSG core facility provides the experiment developers a chamber with air filtering and recycling, up to two levels of containment, an airlock for transfer of payload equipment to/from the main volume, interface resources for the payload inside the core facility, resources inside the airlock, and storage drawers for MSG support equipment and consumables.

STS-36 Mission Specialist Thuot operates 16mm camera on OV-104's middeck

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1990-01-01

STS-36 Mission Specialist (MS) Pierre J. Thuot operates 16mm ARRIFLEX motion picture camera mounted on the open airlock hatch via a bracket. Thuot uses the camera to record activity of his fellow STS-36 crewmembers on the middeck of Atlantis, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 104. Positioned between the airlock hatch and the starboard wall-mounted sleep restraints, Thuot, wearing a FAIRFAX t-shirt, squints into the cameras eye piece. Thuot and four other astronauts spent four days, 10 hours and 19 minutes aboard OV-104 for the Department of Defense (DOD) devoted mission.

International Space Station (ISS)

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-01

Astronaut Michael L. Gernhardt, STS-104 mission specialist, participates in one of three STS-104 space walks while holding on to the end effector of the Canadarm on the Space Shuttle Atlantis. Gernhardt was joined on the extravehicular activity (EVA) by astronaut James F. Reilly (out of frame). The major objective of the mission was to install and activate the Joint Airlock, which completed the second phase of construction on the International Space Station (ISS). The airlock accommodates both United States and Russian space suits and was designed and built at the Marshall Space Flight Center by the Boeing Company.

STS-110 Astronaut Jerry Ross Performs Extravehicular Activity (EVA)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

Launched aboard the Space Shuttle Orbiter Atlantis on April 8, 2002, the STS-110 mission prepared the International Space Station (ISS) for future space walks by installing and outfitting the 43-foot-long Starboard side S0 (S-zero) truss and preparing the first railroad in space, the Mobile Transporter. The 27,000 pound S0 truss was the first of 9 segments that will make up the Station's external framework that will eventually stretch 356 feet (109 meters), or approximately the length of a football field. This central truss segment also includes a flatcar called the Mobile Transporter and rails that will become the first 'space railroad,' which will allow the Station's robotic arm to travel up and down the finished truss for future assembly and maintenance. The completed truss structure will hold solar arrays and radiators to provide power and cooling for additional international research laboratories from Japan and Europe that will be attached to the Station. STS-110 Extravehicular Activity (EVA) marked the first use of the Station's robotic arm to maneuver space walkers around the Station and was the first time all of a shuttle crew's space walks were based out of the Station's Quest Airlock. In this photograph, Astronaut Jerry L. Ross, mission specialist, anchored on the end of the Canadarm2, moves near the newly installed S0 truss. Astronaut Lee M. E. Morin, mission specialist, (out of frame), worked in tandem with Ross during this fourth and final scheduled session of EVA for the STS-110 mission. The final major task of the space walk was the installation of a beam, the Airlock Spur, between the Quest Airlock and the S0. The spur will be used by space walkers in the future as a path from the airlock to the truss.

Three small deployed satellites

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-10-04

ISS033-E-009282 (4 Oct. 2012) --- Several tiny satellites are featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 33 crew member on the International Space Station. The satellites were released outside the Kibo laboratory using a Small Satellite Orbital Deployer attached to the Japanese module’s robotic arm on Oct. 4, 2012. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Aki Hoshide, flight engineer, set up the satellite deployment gear inside the lab and placed it in the Kibo airlock. The Japanese robotic arm then grappled the deployment system and its satellites from the airlock for deployment. Earth’s horizon and the blackness of space provide the backdrop for the scene.

JEMRMS Small Satellite Deployment Observation

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-10-04

ISS033-E-009315 (4 Oct. 2012) --- Several tiny satellites are featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 33 crew member on the International Space Station. The satellites were released outside the Kibo laboratory using a Small Satellite Orbital Deployer attached to the Japanese module’s robotic arm on Oct. 4, 2012. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Aki Hoshide, flight engineer, set up the satellite deployment gear inside the lab and placed it in the Kibo airlock. The Japanese robotic arm then grappled the deployment system and its satellites from the airlock for deployment. A blue and white part of Earth provides the backdrop for the scene.

View of STS-129 MS2 Bresnik during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

ISS021-E-031628 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Randy Bresnik, STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Bresnik and Robert L. Satcher Jr. (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

View of STS-129 MS2 Bresnik during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

ISS021-E-031645 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Randy Bresnik, STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Bresnik and Robert L. Satcher Jr. (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

View of STS-129 MS2 Bresnik during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

ISS021-E-031673 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Randy Bresnik, STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Bresnik and Robert L. Satcher Jr. (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

MS Linnehan checks airlock hatch on middeck

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-03-05

STS109-E-5602 (5 March 2002) --- Astronaut Richard M. Linnehan, mission specialist, checks the airlock hatch as two crewmates on the other side, equipped with extravehicular mobility units (EMU) space suits, start their extravehicular activity (EVA). On the previous day astronauts Linnehan and John M. Grunsfeld replaced the starboard solar array on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). This day's space walk went on to see astronauts James H. Newman and Michael J. Massimino replace the port solar array. Grunsfeld's suit, scheduled for two more space walks, is temporarily stowed on the mid deck floor at right. The image was recorded with a digital still camera.

OA-7 Cargo Module Move from Airlock to Highbay

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-01-10

Inside an environmentally controlled shipping container the Orbital ATK OA-7 Cygnus spacecraft's pressurized cargo module (PCM) moves from an airlock to the high bay of the Space Station Processing Facility of NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Scheduled to launch on March 19, 2017, the Orbital ATK OA-7 mission will lift off atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket from Space launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. The commercial resupply services mission to the International Space Station will deliver thousands of pounds of supplies, equipment and scientific research materials that improve life on Earth and drive progress toward future space exploration.

Interoperability Trends in Extravehicular Activity (EVA) Space Operations for the 21st Century

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miller, Gerald E.

1999-01-01

No other space operations in the 21 st century more comprehensively embody the challenges and dependencies of interoperability than EVA. This discipline is already functioning at an W1paralleled level of interagency, inter-organizational and international cooperation. This trend will only increase as space programs endeavor to expand in the face of shrinking budgets. Among the topics examined in this paper are hardware-oriented issues. Differences in design standards among various space participants dictate differences in the EVA tools that must be manufactured, flown and maintained on-orbit. Presently only two types of functional space suits exist in the world. However, three versions of functional airlocks are in operation. Of the three airlocks, only the International Space Station (ISS) Joint Airlock can accommodate both types of suits. Due to functional differences in the suits, completely different operating protocols are required for each. Should additional space suit or airlock designs become available, the complexity will increase. The lessons learned as a result of designing and operating within such a system are explored. This paper also examines the non-hardware challenges presented by interoperability for a discipline that is as uniquely dependent upon the individual as EVA. Operation of space suits (essentially single-person spacecrafts) by persons whose native language is not that of the suits' designers is explored. The intricacies of shared mission planning, shared control and shared execution of joint EVA's are explained. For example, once ISS is fully functional, the potential exists for two crewmembers of different nationality to be wearing suits manufactured and controlled by a third nation, while operating within an airlock manufactured and controlled by a fourth nation, in an effort to perform tasks upon hardware belonging to a fifth nation. Everything from training issues, to procedures development and writing, to real-time operations is addressed. Finally, this paper looks to the management challenges presented by interoperability in general. With budgets being reduced among all space-faring nations, the need to expand cooperation in the highly expensive field of human space operations is only going to intensify. The question facing management is not if the trend toward interoperation will continue, but how to best facilitate its doing so. Real-world EVA interoperability experience throughout the ShuttlelMir and ISS Programs is discussed to illustrate the challenges and

KSC-98pc461

NASA Image and Video Library

1998-04-10

STS-91 Mission Specialists Franklin Chang-Diaz, Ph.D., and Janet Kavandi, Ph.D., participate in the Crew Equipment Interface Test, or CEIT, inside an airlock in KSC's Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 2. During CEIT, the crew have an opportunity to get a hands-on look at the payloads with which they'll be working on-orbit. The STS-91 crew are scheduled to launch aboard the Shuttle Discovery for the ninth and final docking with the Russian Space Station Mir from KSC's Launch Pad 39A on May 28 at 8:05 EDT

Three small deployed satellites

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-10-04

ISS033-E-009286 (4 Oct. 2012) --- Several tiny satellites are featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 33 crew member on the International Space Station. The satellites were released outside the Kibo laboratory using a Small Satellite Orbital Deployer attached to the Japanese module’s robotic arm on Oct. 4, 2012. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Aki Hoshide, flight engineer, set up the satellite deployment gear inside the lab and placed it in the Kibo airlock. The Japanese robotic arm then grappled the deployment system and its satellites from the airlock for deployment. A portion of the station’s solar array panels and a blue and white part of Earth provide the backdrop for the scene.

Three small deployed satellites

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-10-04

ISS033-E-009285 (4 Oct. 2012) --- Several tiny satellites are featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 33 crew member on the International Space Station. The satellites were released outside the Kibo laboratory using a Small Satellite Orbital Deployer attached to the Japanese module’s robotic arm on Oct. 4, 2012. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Aki Hoshide, flight engineer, set up the satellite deployment gear inside the lab and placed it in the Kibo airlock. The Japanese robotic arm then grappled the deployment system and its satellites from the airlock for deployment. A portion of the station’s solar array panels and a blue and white part of Earth provide the backdrop for the scene.

View of STS-129 MS4 Satcher during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

ISS021-E-032068 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Robert L. Satcher Jr., STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Satcher and astronaut Randy Bresnik (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

View of STS-129 MS4 Satcher during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

ISS021-E-031706 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Robert L. Satcher Jr., STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Satcher and astronaut Randy Bresnik (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

View of STS-129 MS4 Satcher during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

ISS021-E-032066 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Robert L. Satcher Jr., STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Satcher and astronaut Randy Bresnik (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

View of STS-129 MS2 Bresnik during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

S129-E-008006 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Randy Bresnik, STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Bresnik and astronaut Robert L. Satcher Jr. (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

View of STS-129 MS4 Satcher during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

S129-E-008120 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Robert L. Satcher Jr., STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Satcher and astronaut Randy Bresnik (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

View of STS-129 MS4 Satcher during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

ISS021-E-031703 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Robert L. Satcher Jr., STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Satcher and astronaut Randy Bresnik (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

View of STS-129 MS4 Satcher during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

ISS021-E-031717 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Robert L. Satcher Jr., STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Satcher and astronaut Randy Bresnik (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

View of STS-129 MS2 Bresnik and MS4 Satcher during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

S129-E-008248 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronauts Randy Bresnik (right) and Robert L. Satcher Jr. (top left), both STS-129 mission specialists, participate in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Bresnik and Satcher removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

View of STS-129 MS2 Bresnik during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

S129-E-008010 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Randy Bresnik, STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Bresnik and astronaut Robert L. Satcher Jr. (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

View of STS-129 MS4 Satcher during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

S129-E-008103 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Robert L. Satcher Jr., STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Satcher and astronaut Randy Bresnik (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

Closeup view from the starboard side looking towards the port ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Close-up view from the starboard side looking towards the port side of the Orbiter Discovery looking at the airlock and payload bay. The docking ring has been removed from the airlock prior to this photo being taken. Note that the Orbiter Boom Sensor System is still attached while the Remote Manipulator System has been removed. Also note the suspended protective panels and walkways in place to protect the interior surfaces of the payload bay doors while in their open position. This view was taken from a service platform in the Orbiter Processing Facility at Kennedy Space Center. - Space Transportation System, Orbiter Discovery (OV-103), Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, Harris County, TX

View of STS-129 MS4 Satcher during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

ISS021-E-031705 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Robert L. Satcher Jr., STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Satcher and astronaut Randy Bresnik (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

View of STS-129 MS4 Satcher during EVA3

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-23

S129-E-008115 (23 Nov. 2009) --- Astronaut Robert L. Satcher Jr., STS-129 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 42-minute spacewalk, Satcher and astronaut Randy Bresnik (out of frame), mission specialist, removed a pair of micrometeoroid and orbital debris shields from the Quest airlock and strapped them to the External Stowage Platform #2, then moved an articulating foot restraint to the airlock, and released a bolt on a starboard truss ammonia tank assembly (ATA) in preparation for an STS-131 spacewalk that will replace the ATA.

Description of the docking module ECS for the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Guy, W. W.; Jaax, J. R.

1973-01-01

The role of the Docking Module ECS (Environmental Control System) to be used on the Apollo-Soyuz Test mission is to provide a means for crewmen to transfer safely between the Apollo and Soyuz vehicles in a shirtsleeve environment. This paper describes the Docking Module ECS and includes the philosophy and rationale used in evaluating and selecting the capabilities that are required to satisfy the Docking Module's airlock function: (1) adjusting the pressure and composition of the atmosphere to effect crew transfer and (2) providing a shirtsleeve environment during transfer operations. An analytical evaluation is given of the environmental parameters (including CO2 level, humidity, and temperature) during a normal transfer timeline.

Contamination Detection and Mitigation Strategies for Unsymmetric Dimethylhydrazine/Nitrogen Tetroxide Non-Combustion Product Residues

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Greene, Benjamin; Buchanan, Vanessa D.; Baker, David L.

2006-01-01

Dimethylamine and nitrite, which are non-combustion reaction products of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) and nitrogen tetroxide (NTO) propellants, can contaminate spacesuits during extra-vehicular activity (EVA) operations. They can react with water in the International Space Station (ISS) airlock to form N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), a carcinogen. Detection methods for assessing nitrite and dimethylamine contamination were investigated. The methods are based on color-forming reactions in which intensity of color is proportional to concentration. A concept color detection kit using a commercially available presumptive field test for methamphetamine coupled with nitrite test strips was developed and used to detect dimethylamine and nitrite. Contamination mitigation strategies were also developed.

Suitport Feasibility - Development and Test of a Suitport and Space Suit for Human Pressurized Space Suit Donning Tests

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Boyle, Robert M.; Mitchell, Kathryn; Allton, Charles; Ju, Hsing

2011-01-01

The suitport concept has been recently implemented as part of the small pressurized lunar rover (Currently the Space Exploration vehicle, or SEV) and the Multi-Mission Space Exploration Vehicle (MMSEV) concept demonstrator vehicle. Suitport replaces or augments the traditional airlock function of a spacecraft by providing a bulkhead opening, capture mechanism, and sealing system to allow ingress and egress of a spacesuit while the spacesuit remains outside of the pressurized volume of the spacecraft. This presents significant new opportunities to EVA exploration in both microgravity and surface environments. The suitport concept will enable three main improvements in EVA by providing reductions in: pre-EVA time from hours to less than thirty minutes; airlock consumables; contamination returned to the cabin with the EVA crewmember. To date, the first generation suitport has been tested with mockup suits on the rover cabins and pressurized on a bench top engineering unit. The work on the rover cabin has helped define the operational concepts and timelines, and has demonstrated the potential of suitport to save significant amounts of crew time before and after EVAs. The work with the engineering unit has successfully demonstrated the pressurizable seal concept including the ability to seal after the introduction and removal of contamination to the sealing surfaces. Using this experience, a second generation suitport was designed. This second generation suitport has been tested with a spacesuit prototype using the pressure differentials of the spacecraft. This test will be performed using the JSC B32 Chamber B, a human rated vacuum chamber. This test will include human rated suitports, the suitport compatible prototype suit, and chamber modifications. This test will bring these three elements together in the first ever pressurized donning of a rear entry suit through a suitport. This paper presents design of a human rated second generation suitport, modifications to the JSC human rated chamber B to accept a suitport, and a compatible space suit to support pressurized human donning of the pressurized suit through a suitport. Design challenges and solutions and compromises required to develop the system are presented. Initial human testing results are presented.

Pharmaceutical container/closure integrity. II: The relationship between microbial ingress and helium leak rates in rubber-stoppered glass vials.

PubMed

Kirsch, L E; Nguyen, L; Moeckly, C S; Gerth, R

1997-01-01

Helium leak rate measurements were quantitatively correlated to the probability of microbial ingress for rubber-stoppered glass vials subjected to immersion challenge. Standard 10-mL tubing glass vials were modified by inserting micropipettes of various sizes (0.1 to 10 microns nominal diameter) into a side wall hole and securing them with epoxy. Butyl rubber closures and aluminum crimps were used to seal the vials. The test units were sealed in a helium-filled glove bag, then the absolute helium leak rates were determined. The test units were disassembled, filled with media, resealed, and autoclaved. The test units were thermally treated to eliminate airlocks within the micropipette lumen and establish a liquid path between microbial challenge media and the test units' contents. Microbial challenge was performed by immersing the test units in a 35 degrees C bath containing magnesium ion and 8 to 10 logs of viable P. diminuta and E. coli for 24 hours. The test units were then incubated at 35 degrees C for an additional 13 days. Microbial ingress was detected by turbidity and plating on blood agar. The elimination of airlocks was confirmed by the presence of magnesium ions in the vial contents by atomic absorption spectrometry. A total of 288 vials were subjected to microbial challenge testing. Those test units whose contents failed to show detectable magnesium ions were eliminated from further analysis. At large leak rates, the probability of microbial ingress approached 100% and at very low leak rates microbial ingress rates were 0%. A dramatic increase in microbial failure occurred in the leak rate region 10(-4.5) to 10(-3) std cc/sec, which roughly corresponded to leak diameters ranging from 0.4 to 2 microns. Below a leak rate of 10(-4.5) std cc/sec the microbial failure rate was < 10%. The critical leak rate in our studies, i.e. the value below which microbial ingress cannot occur because the leak is too small, was observed to be between 10(-5) and 10(-5.8) std cc/sec, which corresponds to an approximate leak diameter of 0.2-0.3 micron.

An Evaluation of Electronic Nose for Space Program Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Young, Rebecca C.; Linnell, Bruce R.; Buttner, William J.; Mersqhelte, Barry

2003-01-01

The ability to monitor air contaminants in the Shuttle and the International Space Station is important to ensure the health and safety of astronauts. Three specific space applications have been identified that would benefit from a chemical monitor: organic contaminants in crew cabins, propellant contaminants in the airlock, and pre-combustion fire detection. NASA has assessed several commercial and developing electronic noses (e-noses) for these applications. A preliminary series of tests identified those e-noses that exhibited sufficient sensitivity to the vapors of interest. These e-noses were further tested to assess their ability to identify vapors, and in-house software has been developed to enhance identification. This paper describes the tests, the classification ability of selected e-noses, and the software improvements made to meet the requirements for these space program applications.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011590 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonauts Alexander Misurkin (left) and Fyodor Yurchikhin, both Expedition 36 flight engineers, participate in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Misurkin and Yurchikhin replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed a new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011593 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonauts Alexander Misurkin (left) and Fyodor Yurchikhin, both Expedition 36 flight engineers, participate in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Misurkin and Yurchikhin replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed one new one.

OA-7 CYGNUS Unbagging, Move from Airlock to Highbay, Lift to Stand at PHSF

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-02-24

Inside the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, technicians remove the protective covering from Orbital ATK's CYGNUS pressurized cargo module on a KAMAG transporter. CYGNUS is then moved from the airlock to the highbay inside the PHSF, followed by the payload being lifted and positioned on a work stand for final propellant loading and late cargo stowage. The Orbital ATK CRS-7 commercial resupply services mission to the International Space Station is scheduled to launch atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket from Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station on March 19, 2017. CYGNUS will deliver thousands of pounds of supplies, equipment and scientific research materials to the space station.

COLUMBIA'S HATCH IS INSPECTED IN OPF BAY 1 AFTER STS-80 LANDING

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1996-01-01

United Space Alliance (USA) technicians in Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 1 troubleshoot the orbiter Columbia's outer hatch of the airlock, which failed to open during the recent STS-80 Space Shuttle mission. Mission Specialists Tamara E. Jernigan and Thomas D. Jones did not perform the mission's planned two extravehicular activities (EVAs) or spacewalks because the hatch would not open on orbit. The spacewalks were to be part of the continuing series of EVA Development Flight Tests to evaluate equipment and procedures and to build spacewalking experience in preparation for the International Space Station.

Space Age Archaeology

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1988-01-01

In 1985, the Egyptian Antiques Organization (EAO) asked Dr. Farouk El-Baz whether it would be possible to examine and sample the second chamber of the subterranean chamber carved in the bedrock near the Great Pyramid of Khufu in Giza, Egypt, without admitting people, air or contaminants. He felt it could by applying space technology to the task. The initial contact led to a two year project which he organized and headed a team, co-sponsored by EAO and the National Geographic Society (NGS), to apply space technology in an effort to examine and photograph the Giza Chamber. The NGS photographic division modified and tested a remotely controlled video system and a 35-millimeter camera, and developed a lighting system that would not elevate the chamber temperature. Still needed was a drill to cut through the limestone cap without using lubricants or cooling fluids that might contaminate the chamber, and an airlock that would admit the drill shaft and photo equipment but not the air. Bob Moores from Black & Decker Corporation tailored a new drill to the Giza exploration. The drill bit broke through into the chamber at a depth of 63 inches, a stainless steel tube was lowered through the airlock to take samples of the chamber air at several levels. The video camera sent images from the chamber revealing that there was a disassembled royal boat that had been there.

Suitport Feasibility: Development and Test of a Suitport and Space Suit for Human Pressurized Space Suit Donning Tests

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Boyle, Robert M.; Mitchell, Kathryn; Allton, Charles; Ju, Hsing

2012-01-01

The suitport concept has been recently implemented as part of the small pressurized lunar rover (Currently the Space Exploration vehicle, or SEV) and the Multi-Mission Space Exploration Vehicle (MMSEV) concept demonstrator vehicle. Suitport replaces or augments the traditional airlock function of a spacecraft by providing a bulkhead opening, capture mechanism, and sealing system to allow ingress and egress of a space suit while the space suit remains outside of the pressurized volume of the spacecraft. This presents significant new opportunities to EVA exploration in both microgravity and surface environments. The suitport concept will enable three main improvements in EVA by providing reductions in: pre-EVA time from hours to less than thirty minutes; airlock consumables; contamination returned to the cabin with the EVA crewmember. To date, the first generation suitport has been tested with mockup suits on the rover cabins and pressurized on a bench top engineering unit. The work on the rover cabin has helped define the operational concepts and timelines, and has demonstrated the potential of suitport to save significant amounts of crew time before and after EVAs. The work with the engineering unit has successfully demonstrated the pressurizable seal concept including the ability to seal after the introduction and removal of contamination to the sealing surfaces. Using this experience, a second generation suitport was designed. This second generation suitport has been tested with a space suit prototype on the second generation MMSEV cabin, and testing is planned using the pressure differentials of the spacecraft. Pressurized testing will be performed using the JSC B32 Chamber B, a human rated vacuum chamber. This test will include human rated suitports, a suitport compatible prototype suit, and chamber modifications. This test will bring these three elements together in the first ever pressurized donning of a rear entry suit through a suitport. This paper presents the design of a human rated second generation suitport, the design of a suit capable of supporting pressurized human donning through a suitport, ambient pressure testing of the suit with the suitport, and modifications to the JSC human rated chamber B to accept a suitport. Design challenges and solutions, as well as compromises required to develop the system, are presented. Initial human testing results are presented.

Materials samples face rigors of space.

PubMed

Flinn, Edward D

2002-07-01

The Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) is described. This project is designed to conduct long duration materials tests on samples attached to the ISS. A batch of 750 material samples were delivered on STS-105 and attached to the ISS airlock. They will be exposed to the space environment for 18 months and are slated to return on STS-114. A second batch of 750 samples is being prepared. The experiment containers were used originally for the Mir Environmental Effects Payload, which tested a variety of substances, including some slated for use on the ISS. Researchers are particularly interested in the effects of atomic oxygen on the samples. Some samples are being tested to determine their use in radiation protection. As part of the MISSE project, ultrathin tether materials are being tested for use on the Propulsive Small Expendable Depoloyer System (ProSEDS), which will use a tether system to change a satellite's orbital altitude.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011479 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin, Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Yurchikhin and Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed a new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011459 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin, Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Yurchikhin and Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed a new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011481 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin, Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Yurchikhin and Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed a new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011441 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin, Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Misurkin and Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed a new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011747 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin (bottom center), Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Misurkin and Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed a new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011642 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin, Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Misurkin and Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed a new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011440 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin, Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Misurkin and Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed one new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011480 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin, Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Yurchikhin and Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed a new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011745 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin (bottom center), Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Misurkin and Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed a new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011598 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin, Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Misurkin and Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed one new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011477 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin, Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Yurchikhin and Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed a new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011439 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin, Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Misurkin and Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed one new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011640 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin, Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Misurkin and Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed a new one.

Russian EVA 33

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-06-24

ISS036-E-011608 (24 June 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin, Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Misurkin and Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin (out of frame), Expedition 36 flight engineer, replaced an aging fluid flow control panel on the station's Zarya module as preventative maintenance on the cooling system for the Russian segment of the station. They also installed clamps for future power cables as an early step toward swapping the Pirs airlock with a new multipurpose laboratory module. The Russian Federal Space Agency plans to launch a combination research facility, airlock and docking port late this year on a Proton rocket. Yurchikhin and Misurkin also retrieved two science experiments and installed a new one.

iss031e149757

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-06-28

ISS031-E-149757 (28 June 2012) --- NASA astronaut Joe Acaba, Expedition 31 flight engineer, uses a computer while working with extravehicular activity (EVA) tools in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station.

LIOH Battery Installation

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-04-10

S131-E-008489 (10 April 2010) --- NASA astronaut Rick Mastracchio, STS-131 mission specialist, is pictured in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station while space shuttle Discovery remains docked with the station.

STS-91 Commander Charles Precourt participates in CEIT at KSC

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1998-01-01

STS-91 Commander Charles Precourt peers through an airlock like the one that will be aboard the orbiter Discovery when it docks with the Russian Space Station Mir on the ninth and final scheduled Mir docking in late May/early June. Precourt is in KSC's Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 2 for the STS-91 Crew Equipment Interface Test, or CEIT, during which the crew have an opportunity to get a hands-on look at the payloads with which they will be working on-orbit. The STS-91 crew are scheduled to launch aboard the Shuttle Discovery from KSC's Launch Pad 39A on May 28 at 8:05 EDT.

COLUMBIA'S HATCH IS INSPECTED IN OPF BAY 1 AFTER STS-80 LANDING

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1996-01-01

In Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 1, United Space Alliance (USA) technicians Dave Lawrence, at left, and James Cullop troubleshoot the orbiter Columbia's outer hatch of the airlock, which failed to open during the recent STS-80 Space Shuttle mission. Mission Specialists Tamara E. Jernigan and Thomas D. Jones did not perform the mission's planned two extravehicular activities (EVAs) or spacewalks because the hatch would not open on orbit. The spacewalks were to be part of the continuing series of EVA Development Flight Tests to evaluate equipment and procedures and to build spacewalking experience in preparation for the International Space Station.

International Space Station (ISS)

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-08-18

Astronaut Patrick G. Forrester works with the the Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) during extravehicular activity (EVA). MISSE would expose 750 material samples for about 18 months and collect information on how different materials weather the space environment The objective of MISSE is to develop early, low-cost, non-intrusive opportunities to conduct critical space exposure tests of space materials and components plarned for use on future spacecraft. The experiment was the first externally mounted experiment conducted on the International Space Station (ISS) and was installed on the outside of the ISS Quest Airlock. MISSE was launched on August 10, 2001 aboard the Space Shuttle Orbiter Discovery.

Cassidy working EMU loop scrub

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-08-02

ISS036-E-027931 (2 Aug. 2013) --- NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy, Expedition 36 flight engineer, uses a computer while working with Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuits in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station.

Skylab reuse study, reference data, part 1. [habitability of the orbital workshop and airlock modules for the space transportation system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1978-01-01

The accommodations provided by the airlock module and the orbital workshop were completely examined with the thought of total reactivation as an enhancement to the STS long duration missions. Each subsystem is described and a summary of subsystem performance during the Skylab missions is presented. End-of-mission status and the status of today for each subsystem is shown together with refurbishment/resupply requirements and refurb kit descriptions to restore Skylab to full operational capability. An inspection/refurbishment and operations plan for Skylab is included. The initial Shuttle-tended operational activity would provide a safe, effective phase of Skylab rehabilitation while simultaneously benefitting the Orbiter crew through the addition of private accommodations, off-duty recreation area, and physical conditioning equipment. This period would also permit exercising selected onboard experiments.

General view from inside the payload bay or the Orbiter ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

General view from inside the payload bay or the Orbiter Discovery approximately along its centerline looking forward toward the bulkhead of the forward fuselage. Note the panels and insulation removed for access to the orbiter's subsystems for inspection and post-mission processing. Also note the airlock and the beam-truss attach structure supporting it and attaching it to the payload bay sill longerons. In this view the docking ring and airlock hatches have been removed. This photo was taken during the processing of the Orbiter Discovery after its final mission and in preparation for its transition to the National Air and Space Museum. This view was taken in the Orbiter Processing Facility at Kennedy Space Center. - Space Transportation System, Orbiter Discovery (OV-103), Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, Harris County, TX

OA-7 Service Module Arrival, Uncrating, Move from Airlock to Highbay inside SSPF

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-02-01

The Orbital ATK OA-7 Cygnus spacecraft's service module arrives inside the Space Station Processing Facility of NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, sealed in an environmentally controlled shipping container, pulled in by truck on a low-boy flatbed trailer. The service module is uncrate from the shipping container, lifted and positioned on a work stand, and moved from the airlock to the highbay for processing. Scheduled to launch on March 19, 2017, the Orbital ATK OA-7 mission will lift off atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket from Space launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. The commercial resupply services mission to the International Space Station will deliver thousands of pounds of supplies, equipment and scientific research materials that improve life on Earth and drive progress toward future space exploration.

Burbank performs routine in-flight maintenance on the EMU

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-03-13

ISS030-E-148280 (13 March 2012) --- NASA astronaut Dan Burbank, Expedition 30 commander, performs routine in-flight maintenance on Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) equipment in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station.

Burbank performs routine in-flight maintenance on the EMU

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-03-14

ISS030-E-148276 (13 March 2012) --- NASA astronaut Dan Burbank, Expedition 30 commander, performs routine in-flight maintenance on Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) equipment in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station.

Burbank performs routine in-flight maintenance on the EMU

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-03-14

ISS030-E-148275 (13 March 2012) --- NASA astronaut Dan Burbank, Expedition 30 commander, performs routine in-flight maintenance on Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) equipment in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station.

Ford conducts OBT on computer in the A/L

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-12-05

ISS034-E-005621 (5 Dec. 2012) --- NASA astronaut Kevin Ford, Expedition 34 commander, uses a computer near two Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuits in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station.

Ford conducts OBT on computer in the A/L

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-12-05

ISS034-E-005616 (5 Dec. 2012) --- NASA astronaut Kevin Ford, Expedition 34 commander, uses a computer near two Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuits in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station.

Airlock caution and warning system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mayfield, W. J.; Cork, L. Z.; Malchow, R. G.; Hornback, G. L.

1972-01-01

Caution and warning system, used to monitor performance and warn of hazards or out-of-limit conditions on space vehicles, may have application to aircraft and railway transit systems. System consists of caution and warning subsystem and emergency subsystem.

NRCSD Replacement Operations

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-02-20

ISS038-E-053258 (19 Feb. 2014) --- In the inner hatch of the International Space Station's Kibo laboratory airlock, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Koichi Wakata, Expedition 38 flight engineer, prepares a second batch of NanoRacks CubeSats for deployment.

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1970-01-01

This 1970 photograph shows Skylab's Ultraviolet (UV) Stellar Astronomy experiment, a scientific airlock-based facility/experiment that would study UV spectra of early-type stars and galaxies. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program management responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.

iss034e033850

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-01-23

ISS034-E-033850 (23 Jan. 2013) --- Canadian Space Agency astronaut Chris Hadfield, Expedition 34 flight engineer, continues work to remove and replace the Service and Performance Checkout Unit (SPCU) Heat Exchanger inside the Quest airlock of the International Space Station.

Brown enters transfer tunnel

NASA Image and Video Library

1998-11-01

STS095-E-5160 (1 Nov. 1998) --- Astronaut Curtis L. Brown Jr., STS-95 commander, floats through airlock hatchway during Flight Day three activity. The photo was taken with an electronic still camera (ESC) at 01:39:20 GMT, Nov. 1.

Independent Orbiter Assessment (IOA): Assessment of the life support and airlock support systems, volume 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barickman, K.

1988-01-01

The McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Company (MDAC) was selected in June 1986 to perform an Independent Orbiter Assessment (IOA) of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Critical Items List (CIL). The IOA effort first completed an analysis of the Life Support and Airlock Support Systems (LSS and ALSS) hardware, generating draft failure modes and potential critical items. To preserve independence, this analysis was accomplished without reliance upon the results contained within the NASA FMEA/CIL documentation. The IOA results were then compared to the NASA FMEA/CIL baseline with proposed Post 51-L updates included. The discrepancies were flagged for potential future resolution. This report documents the results of that comparison for the Orbiter LSS and ALSS hardware. Volume 2 continues the presentation of IOA worksheets and contains the critical items list and NASA FMEA to IOA worksheet cross reference and recommendations.

Performance of the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) Airlock Coolant Loop Remediation (A/L CLR) Hardware - Final

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Steele, John W.; Rector, Tony; Gazda, Daniel; Lewis, John

2011-01-01

An EMU water processing kit (Airlock Coolant Loop Recovery -- A/L CLR) was developed as a corrective action to Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) coolant flow disruptions experienced on the International Space Station (ISS) in May of 2004 and thereafter. A conservative duty cycle and set of use parameters for A/L CLR use and component life were initially developed and implemented based on prior analysis results and analytical modeling. Several initiatives were undertaken to optimize the duty cycle and use parameters of the hardware. Examination of post-flight samples and EMU Coolant Loop hardware provided invaluable information on the performance of the A/L CLR and has allowed for an optimization of the process. The intent of this paper is to detail the evolution of the A/L CLR hardware, efforts to optimize the duty cycle and use parameters, and the final recommendations for implementation in the post-Shuttle retirement era.

Hatch Integration Testing of a NASA TransHab Derivative Woven Inflatable Module

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Edgecombe, John; Valle, Gerald

2009-01-01

Current options for Lunar habitat architecture include inflatable habitats and airlocks. Inflatable structures can have mass and volume advantages over conventional structures. However, inflatable structures are also perceived to carry additional risk because they are at a lower Technical Readiness Level (TRL) than more conventional metallic structures. The use of inflatable structures for habitation will require large penetrations in the inflatable structure to accommodate hatches and/or windows The Hatch Integration Test is designed to study the structural integrity of an expandable structure with an integrated hatch, and to verify mathematical models of the structure. The TransHab project developed an experimental inflatable module at Johnson Space Center in the 1990's. The TransHab design was originally envisioned for use in Mars Transits but was also studied as a potential habitat for the International Space Station (ISS).

KSC-2011-6683

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-07-12

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- In the airlock of the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility (PHSF) at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the protective mesh container enclosing the multi-mission radioisotope thermoelectric generator (MMRTG) for NASA's Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission is lowered to the floor of the airlock beside the MMRTG. The container, known as the "gorilla cage," protects the MMRTG during transport and allows any excess heat generated to dissipate into the air. Next, the airlock will be transitioned into a clean room by purging the air of any particles. In the PHSF, the MMRTG temporarily will be installed on the MSL rover, Curiosity, for a fit check but will be installed on the rover for launch at the pad. The MMRTG will generate the power needed for the mission from the natural decay of plutonium-238, a non-weapons-grade form of the radioisotope. Heat given off by this natural decay will provide constant power through the day and night during all seasons. Curiosity, MSL's car-sized rover, has 10 science instruments designed to search for signs of life, including methane, and help determine if the gas is from a biological or geological source. Waste heat from the MMRTG will be circulated throughout the rover system to keep instruments, computers, mechanical devices and communications systems within their operating temperature ranges. Launch of MSL aboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket is planned for Nov. 25 from Space Launch Complex 41 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/msl. Photo credit: NASA/Cory Huston

STS-104 crew poses for photo on 215-foot level at Launch Pad 39B

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- The STS-104 crew poses for a group photo on the 215-foot level of the Fixed Service Structure. Standing left to right are Mission Specialist Janet Lynn Kavandi, Commander Steven Lindsey, Pilot Charles O. Hobaugh, and Mission Specialists Michael L. Gernhardt and James F. Reilly. The crew has been taking part in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities, which include emergency egress training and a simulated countdown exercise. The launch of Atlantis on mission STS-104 is scheduled July 12. The mission is the 10th flight to the International Space Station and carries the Joint Airlock Module and High Pressure Gas Assembly.

International Space Station (ISS)

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-08-17

Backdropped by a sunrise, the newly installed Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) is visible on this image. MISSE would expose 750 material samples for about 18 months and collect information on how different materials weather the space environment. The objective of MISSE is to develop early, low-cost, non-intrusive opportunities to conduct critical space exposure tests of space materials and components plarned for use on future spacecraft. The experiment was the first externally mounted experiment conducted on the International Space Station (ISS) and was installed on the outside of the ISS Quest Airlock during extravehicular activity (EVA) of the STS-105 mission. MISSE was launched on August 10, 2001 aboard the Space Shuttle Orbiter Discovery.

Astronauts Onizuka and Shriver pose in middeck

NASA Image and Video Library

1985-01-25

51C-08-017 (24-27 Jan 1985) --- Astronaut Ellison S. Onizuka, mission specialist, (left) turns 180 degrees near airlock hatch, while Loren J. Shriver, pilot, records verbal mission - pertinent notes. For orientation hold the picture with lockers on right.

Skylab reuse study, reference data. Part 2: Appendixes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1978-01-01

Contents: (1) evaluations of the dysbarism risk associated with a Skylab revisit by shuttle; (2) mission model/payload data sheets; (3) life sciences utilization of on-board Skylab medical facilities; (4) airlock module description; and (5) orbital workshop description.

Mastracchio during EMU FPS Remove and Replace OPS

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-04-14

Expedition 39 flight engineer Rick Mastracchio poses for a photo with the replacement Fan Pump Separator (FPS) and Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) 3005. Image was taken in the Quest Airlock (A/L) during FPS remove and replace operations.

DSCOVR Spacecraft Arrival, Offload, & Unpacking

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-11-20

NOAA’s Deep Space Climate Observatory spacecraft, or DSCOVR, wrapped in plastic and secured onto a portable work stand, makes a short trek from the airlock of Building 2 to the high bay of Building 1 at the Astrotech payload processing facility.

Plt Rominger and MS Curbeam float in the middeck airlock hatch

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-08-14

S85-E-5090 (14 August 1997) --- Astronauts Kent V. Rominger (left), pilot, and Robert L. Curbeam Jr., mission specialist, float onto the middeck of the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Discovery during flight day 8 activity.

Space Station Integrated Kinetic Launcher for Orbital Payload Systems (SSIKLOPS) - Cyclops

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, James P.; Lamb, Craig R.; Ballard, Perry G.

2013-01-01

Access to space for satellites in the 50-100 kg class is a challenge for the small satellite community. Rideshare opportunities are limited and costly, and the small sat must adhere to the primary payloads schedule and launch needs. Launching as an auxiliary payload on an Expendable Launch Vehicle presents many technical, environmental, and logistical challenges to the small satellite community. To assist the community in mitigating these challenges and in order to provide the community with greater access to space for 50-100 kg satellites, the NASA International Space Station (ISS) and Engineering communities in collaboration with the Department of Defense (DOD) Space Test Program (STP) is developing a dedicated 50-100 kg class ISS small satellite deployment system. The system, known as Cyclops, will utilize NASA's ISS resupply vehicles to launch small sats to the ISS in a controlled pressurized environment in soft stow bags. The satellites will then be processed through the ISS pressurized environment by the astronaut crew allowing satellite system diagnostics prior to orbit insertion. Orbit insertion is achieved through use of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's Experiment Module Robotic Airlock (JEM Airlock) and one of the ISS Robotic Arms. Cyclops' initial satellite deployment demonstration of DOD STP's SpinSat and UT/TAMU's Lonestar satellites will be toward the end of 2013 or beginning of 2014. Cyclops will be housed on-board the ISS and used throughout its lifetime. The anatomy of Cyclops, its concept of operations for satellite deployment, and its satellite interfaces and requirements will be addressed further in this paper.

Astronauts Allen and Gemar during Extravehicular activity training in CCT

NASA Image and Video Library

1993-10-13

Astronauts Charles D. (Sam) Gemar, and Andrew M. Allen participate in a training exercise at JSC's Crew Compartment Trainer (CCT), located in the Shuttle mockup and integration laboratory. Gemar sits inside the airlock as Allen reviews procedures for EVA.

Astronauts Allen and Gemar during extravehicular activity (EVA) training in CCT

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1994-01-01

Astronauts Charles D. (Sam) Gemar, and Andrew M. Allen participate in a training exercise at JSC's Crew Compartment Trainer (CCT), located in the Space Vehicle Mockup Facility. Gemar sits inside the airlock as Allen reviews procedures for EVA.

Kuipers performs routine in-flight maintenance on EMU in the A/L

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-03-13

ISS030-E-148284 (13 March 2012) --- European Space Agency astronaut Andre Kuipers, Expedition 30 flight engineer, performs routine in-flight maintenance on Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) equipment in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station.

Commander Lousma stows trash bags in middeck CO2 Absorber Stowage volume

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Commander Lousma uses his body as a zero gravity garbage compactor to stow plastic bags full of empty containers and trash in the Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Absorber Stowage volume in front of the airlock hatch.

DSCOVR Spacecraft Arrival, Offload, & Unpacking

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-11-20

A forklift is enlisted to move NOAA’s Deep Space Climate Observatory spacecraft, or DSCOVR, wrapped in plastic and secured onto a portable work stand, from the airlock of Building 2 to the high bay of Building 1 at the Astrotech payload processing facility.

Rapid culture-independent microbial analysis aboard the International Space Station (ISS).

PubMed

Maule, Jake; Wainwright, Norm; Steele, Andrew; Monaco, Lisa; Morris, Heather; Gunter, Daniel; Damon, Michael; Wells, Mark

2009-10-01

A new culture-independent system for microbial monitoring, called the Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development Portable Test System (LOCAD-PTS), was operated aboard the International Space Station (ISS). LOCAD-PTS was launched to the ISS aboard Space Shuttle STS-116 on December 9, 2006, and has since been used by ISS crews to monitor endotoxin on cabin surfaces. Quantitative analysis was performed within 15 minutes, and sample return to Earth was not required. Endotoxin (a marker of Gram-negative bacteria) was distributed throughout the ISS, despite previous indications that mostbacteria on ISS surfaces were Gram-positive [corrected].Endotoxin was detected at 24 out of 42 surface areas tested and at every surface site where colony-forming units (cfu) were observed, even at levels of 4-120 bacterial cfu per 100 cm(2), which is below NASA in-flight requirements (<10,000 bacterial cfu per 100 cm(2)). Absent to low levels of endotoxin (<0.24 to 1.0 EU per 100 cm(2); defined in endotoxin units, or EU) were found on 31 surface areas, including on most panels in Node 1 and the US Lab. High to moderate levels (1.01 to 14.7 EU per 100 cm(2)) were found on 11 surface areas, including at exercise, hygiene, sleeping, and dining facilities. Endotoxin was absent from airlock surfaces, except the Extravehicular Hatch Handle (>3.78 EU per 100 cm(2)). Based upon data collected from the ISS so far, new culture-independent requirements (defined in EU) are suggested, which are verifiable in flight with LOCAD-PTS yet high enough to avoid false alarms. The suggested requirements are intended to supplement current ISS requirements (defined in cfu) and would serve a dual purpose of safeguarding crew health (internal spacecraft surfaces <20 EU per 100 cm(2)) and monitoring forward contamination during Constellation missions (surfaces periodically exposed to the external environment, including the airlock and space suits, <0.24 EU per 100 cm(2)).

Rapid Culture-Independent Microbial Analysis Aboard the International Space Station (ISS)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maule, Jake; Wainwright, Norm; Steele, Andrew; Monaco, Lisa; Morris, Heather; Gunter, Daniel; Damon, Michael; Wells, Mark

2009-10-01

A new culture-independent system for microbial monitoring, called the Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development Portable Test System (LOCAD-PTS), was operated aboard the International Space Station (ISS). LOCAD-PTS was launched to the ISS aboard Space Shuttle STS-116 on December 9, 2006, and has since been used by ISS crews to monitor endotoxin on cabin surfaces. Quantitative analysis was performed within 15 minutes, and sample return to Earth was not required. Endotoxin (a marker of Gram-negative bacteria and fungi) was distributed throughout the ISS, despite previous indications that most bacteria on ISS surfaces were Gram-positive. Endotoxin was detected at 24 out of 42 surface areas tested and at every surface site where colony-forming units (cfu) were observed, even at levels of 4-120 bacterial cfu per 100 cm2, which is below NASA in-flight requirements (<10,000 bacterial cfu per 100 cm2). Absent to low levels of endotoxin (<0.24 to 1.0 EU per 100 cm2; defined in endotoxin units, or EU) were found on 31 surface areas, including on most panels in Node 1 and the US Lab. High to moderate levels (1.01 to 14.7 EU per 100 cm2) were found on 11 surface areas, including at exercise, hygiene, sleeping, and dining facilities. Endotoxin was absent from airlock surfaces, except the Extravehicular Hatch Handle (>3.78 EU per 100 cm2). Based upon data collected from the ISS so far, new culture-independent requirements (defined in EU) are suggested, which are verifiable in flight with LOCAD-PTS yet high enough to avoid false alarms. The suggested requirements are intended to supplement current ISS requirements (defined in cfu) and would serve a dual purpose of safeguarding crew health (internal spacecraft surfaces <20 EU per 100 cm2) and monitoring forward contamination during Constellation missions (surfaces periodically exposed to the external environment, including the airlock and space suits, <0.24 EU per 100 cm2).

Enhancing Return from Lunar Surface Missions via the Deep Space Gateway

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chavers, D. G.; Whitley, R. J.; Percy, T. K.; Needham, D. H.; Polsgrove, T. T.

2018-02-01

The Deep Space Gateway (DSG) will facilitate access to and communication with lunar surface assets. With a science airlock, docking port, and refueling capability in an accessible orbit, the DSG will enable high priority science across the lunar surface.

iss049e012018

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-09-27

ISS049e012018 (09/27/2016) --- Expedition 49 crewmember Kate Rubins of NASA works with the airlock inside of Kibo, the Japanese Experiment Module. Rubins was installing the Robotics External Leak Locator (RELL), a technology demonstration designed to locate external ISS ammonia (NH3) leaks.

Whitson,Walheim and Love in A/L

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-02-10

S122-E-007664 (10 Feb. 2008) --- Astronauts Peggy Whitson, Expedition 16 commander; Stanley Love and Rex Walheim (bottom), both STS-122 mission specialists, work in the Quest Airlock of the International Space Station while Space Shuttle Atlantis is docked with the station.

The 9th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1975-01-01

Papers are presented dealing with performance and development of various spacecraft components, mechanical devices, and subsystems. Topics discussed include: manipulator arms, the Skylab Parasol, cooling system performance, extendable booms, magnetically suspended reaction wheels, the Skylab Trash Airlock, magnetometers, actuators, life support systems, and technology transfer.

Space-to-Ground: Out the Door: 10/06/2017

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-10-05

The first of three October spacewalks took place this week…it’s growing season once again onboard station…and how many airlocks are on station? NASA's Space to Ground is your weekly update on what's happening aboard the International Space Station.

Altair Lander Life Support: Design Analysis Cycles 1, 2, and 3

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anderson, Molly; Rotter, Hank; Stambaugh, Imelda; Curley, Su

2009-01-01

NASA is working to develop a new lunar lander to support lunar exploration. The development process that the Altair project is using for this vehicle is unlike most others. In Lander Design Analysis Cycle 1 (LDAC-1), a single-string, minimum functionality design concept was developed, including life support systems for different vehicle configuration concepts, first for a combination of an ascent vehicle and a habitat with integral airlocks, and then for a combined ascent vehicle-habitat with a detachable airlock. In LDAC-2, the Altair team took the ascent vehicle-habitat with detachable airlock and analyzed the design for the components that were the largest contributors to the risk of loss of crew (LOC). For life support, the largest drivers were related to oxygen supply and carbon dioxide control. Integrated abort options were developed at the vehicle level. Many life support failures were not considered to result in LOC because they had a long enough time to effect that abort was considered a feasible option to safely end the mission before the situation became life threatening. These failures were then classified as loss of mission (LOM) failures. Many options to reduce LOC risk were considered, and mass efficient solutions to the LOC problems were added to the vehicle design at the end of LDAC-2. In LDAC-3, the new design was analyzed for large contributors to the risk of LOM. To avoid ending the mission early or being unable to accomplish goals like performing all planned extravehicular activities (EVAs), various options were assessed for their combination of risk reduction and mass cost. This paper outlines the major assumptions, design features, and decisions related to the development of the life support system for the Altair project through LDAC-3.

KSC-108-75P-0057

NASA Image and Video Library

1975-02-10

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – The Soviet and American crews for the July Apollo Soyuz Test Project [standing, center] addressed personnel assembled in a firing room at KSC on February 10. The crews for the joint manned space mission toured the Center during their three-day visit which also included inspection of ASTP equipment and facilities and a trip to Disney World. The first international crewed spaceflight was a joint U.S.-U.S.S.R. rendezvous and docking mission. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, or ASTP, took its name from the spacecraft employed: the American Apollo and the Soviet Soyuz. The three-man Apollo crew lifted off from Kennedy Space Center aboard a Saturn IB rocket on July 15, 1975, to link up with the Soyuz that had launched a few hours earlier. A cylindrical docking module served as an airlock between the two spacecraft for transfer of the crew members. Photo credit: NASA

Prevention of decompression sickness during a simulated space docking mission

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cooke, J. P.; Bollinger, R. R.; Richardson, B.

1975-01-01

This study has shown that repetitive exchanges between the Apollo space vehicle atmosphere of 100% oxygen at 5 psia (258 torr) and the Soyuz spacecraft atmosphere of 30% oxygen-70% nitrogen at 10 psia (533 torr), as simulated in altitude chambers, will not likely result in any form of decompression sickness. This conclusion is based upon the absence of any form of bends in seven crewmen who participated in 11 tests distributed over three 24-h periods. During each period, three transfers from the 5 to the 10 psia environments were performed by simulating passage through a docking module which served as an airlock where astronauts and cosmonauts first adapted to each other's cabin gases and pressures before transfer. Biochemical tests, subjective fatigue scores, and the complete absence of any form of pain were also indicative that decompression sickness should not be expected if this spacecraft transfer schedule is followed.

Space station systems analysis study. Part 2, Volume 3: Appendixes, Book 1. Program requirements documentation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1977-01-01

The objective elements representative of the kinds of space activities that will be supported by the space construction base (SCB) are discussed in (1) a brief mission overview including the primary purpose and general objectives; (2) descriptions of the processes involved (where applicable), the mission hardware, the principal activities to be undertaken, the test requirements, and the principal tests; and (3) the SCB requirements including such items as special devices (e.g., fabrication modules, assembly or construction fixtures, cranes, and airlocks), power, data management and communications, waste management, environmental control, safety, and logistics. Each program option is then described in terms of the objective elements it supports, its orbit, the general makeup of the SCB, the transportation approach, and the program schedule goals. The specific requirements that are imposed on the SCB in order to support program option L are given.

Orbital docking system centerline color television camera system test

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mongan, Philip T.

1993-01-01

A series of tests was run to verify that the design of the centerline color television camera (CTVC) system is adequate optically for the STS-71 Space Shuttle Orbiter docking mission with the Mir space station. In each test, a mockup of the Mir consisting of hatch, docking mechanism, and docking target was positioned above the Johnson Space Center's full fuselage trainer, which simulated the Orbiter with a mockup of the external airlock and docking adapter. Test subjects viewed the docking target through the CTVC under 30 different lighting conditions and evaluated target resolution, field of view, light levels, light placement, and methods of target alignment. Test results indicate that the proposed design will provide adequate visibility through the centerline camera for a successful docking, even with a reasonable number of light failures. It is recommended that the flight deck crew have individual switching capability for docking lights to provide maximum shadow management and that centerline lights be retained to deal with light failures and user preferences. Procedures for light management should be developed and target alignment aids should be selected during simulated docking runs.

Orbiter fire rescue and crew escape training for EVA crew systems support

NASA Image and Video Library

1993-01-28

Photos of orbiter fire rescue and crew escape training for extravehicular activity (EVA) crew systems support conducted in Bldg 9A Crew Compartment Trainer (CCT) and Fuel Fuselage Trainer (FFT) include views of CCT interior of middeck starboard fuselage showing middeck forward (MF) locker and COAS assembly filter, artiflex film and camcorder bag (26834); launch/entry suit (LES) helmet assembly, neckring and helmet hold-down assembly (26835-26836); middeck aft (MA) lockers (26837); area of middeck airlock and crew escape pole (26838); connectors of crew escape pole in the middeck (268390); three test subjects in LES in the flight deck (26840); emergency side hatch slide before inflated stowage (26841); area of below adjacent to floor panel MD23R (26842); a test subject in LES in the flight deck (26843); control board and also showing sign of "orbital maneuvering system (OMS) secure and OMS TK" (26844); test subject in the flight deck also showing chart of "ascent/abort summary" (26845).

KSC-75PC-0330

NASA Image and Video Library

1975-07-03

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – ASTP prime crewmen Donald Slayton, Thomas Stafford and Vance Brand pose with their Saturn IB launch vehicle following the Countdown Demonstration Test [CDDT], a step-by-step dress rehearsal for their July 15 launch. During the “wet” portion of the test, conducted yesterday, the stages of the launch vehicle were fueled as they will be on launch day. The fuels were off loaded and the terminal portion of the count repeated today with the astronauts aboard the vehicle. The first international crewed spaceflight was a joint U.S.-U.S.S.R. rendezvous and docking mission. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, or ASTP, took its name from the spacecraft employed: the American Apollo and the Soviet Soyuz. The three-man Apollo crew lifted off from Kennedy Space Center aboard a Saturn IB rocket on July 15, 1975, to link up with the Soyuz that had launched a few hours earlier. A cylindrical docking module served as an airlock between the two spacecraft for transfer of the crew members. Photo credit: NASA

Swanson uses communication equipment in the A/L during Joint Operations

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-06-12

S117-E-07099 (12 June 2007) --- Astronaut Steven Swanson, STS-117 mission specialist, uses a communication system in the Quest Airlock of the International Space Station during flight day five activities while Space Shuttle Atlantis was docked with the station.

Acaba and Swanson in US Laboratory Destiny

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-03-20

S119-E-006743 (20 March 2009) --- On the eve of a planned shared spacewalk, astronauts Steve Swanson (left) and Joseph Acaba, both STS-119 mission specialists, have a meeting in the Joint Airlock aboard the International Space Station, while linked to the Space Shuttle Discovery.

KSC00pp1917

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-12-08

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the Space Station Processing Facility, Steve Thomas (left), host of the television series "This Old House," poses in front of the Joint Airlock module. Thomas and Norm Abram, master carpenter with "This Old House," are at KSC to film an episode of the series

KSC-00pp1917

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-12-08

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the Space Station Processing Facility, Steve Thomas (left), host of the television series "This Old House," poses in front of the Joint Airlock module. Thomas and Norm Abram, master carpenter with "This Old House," are at KSC to film an episode of the series

STS-31 Crew Training: Firefighting, Food Tasting, EVA Prep and Post

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1990-01-01

The Space Shuttle crew is shown lighting a pond of gasoline and then performing firefighting tasks. The crew is also shown tasting food including lemonade, chicken casserole, and tortillas, and performing extravehicular activity (EVA) equipment checkouts in the CCT middeck and airlock.

STS-31 crew training: firefighting, food tasting, EVA prep and post

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1990-03-01

The Space Shuttle crew is shown lighting a pond of gasoline and then performing firefighting tasks. The crew is also shown tasting food including lemonade, chicken casserole, and tortillas, and performing extravehicular activity (EVA) equipment checkouts in the CCT middeck and airlock.

Hopkins in the A/L

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-18

View of Mike Hopkins, Expedition 38 Flight Engineer (FE), during remove and replace (R&R) of Hard Upper Torso (HUT) of Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU), in the airlock (A/L) during preparation for EVA-24. Photo was taken during Expedition 38. Image was released by astronaut on Twitter.

Barratt and Nespoli in the A/L

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-28

ISS026-E-031180 (28 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronaut Michael Barratt (left), STS-133 mission specialist; and European Space Agency astronaut Paolo Nespoli, Expedition 26 flight engineer, work in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station while space shuttle Discovery remains docked with the station.

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1972-01-01

This photograph, with callouts, depicts the experiment area of the forward compartment at the upper level of the Orbital Workshop. The upper level consisted of a large work area and housed water storage tanks, a food freezer, storage vaults for film, scientific airlocks, mobility and stability experiment equipment, and other experimental equipment.

STS-104 crew pose for photo in Atlantis's payload bay

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- During payload walkdown at Launch Pad 39B, the STS-104 crew pause for a photo. At left are Commander Steven W. Lindsey (front), Mission Specialist Janet Lynn Kavandi (center) and Mission Specialist James F. Reilly (back). At right are Mission Specialist Michael L. Gernhardt and Pilot Charles O. Hobaugh. The crew is taking part in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities, which include emergency exit training from the orbiter, opportunities to inspect their mission payloads in the orbiters payload bay and simulated countdown exercises. The launch of Atlantis on mission STS-104 is scheduled July 12 from Launch Pad 39B. The mission is the 10th flight to the International Space Station and carries the Joint Airlock Module.

KSC-98pc829

NASA Image and Video Library

1998-07-14

STS-88 crew members inspect the orbital docking mechanism in the payload bay of Orbiter Endeavor during the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT), held in the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 1 at KSC. The tunnel and airlock are below it. The CEIT gives astronauts an opportunity for a hands-on look at the payloads on which they will be working on orbit. STS-88 will be the first Space Shuttle launch for the International Space Station. Scheduled to lift off from KSC on Dec. 3, 1998, the seven-day mission will be highlighted by the mating of the U.S.-built Unity connecting module to the Zarya control module, which will already be in orbit, and two space walks to connect power and data transmission cables between the two modules

Space station freedom resource nodes internal thermal control system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Merhoff, Paul; Dellinger, Brent; Taggert, Shawn; Cornwell, John

1993-01-01

This paper presents an overview of the design and operation of the internal thermal control system (ITCS) developed for Space Station Freedom by the NASA-Johnson Space Center and McDonnell Douglas Aerospace to provide cooling for the resource nodes, airlock, and pressurized logistics modules. The ITCS collects, transports and rejects waste heat from these modules by a dual-loop, single-phase water cooling system. ITCS performance, cooling, and flow rate requirements are presented. An ITCS fluid schematic is shown and an overview of the current baseline system design and its operation is presented. Assembly sequence of the ITCS is explained as its configuration develops from Man Tended Capability (MTC), for which node 2 alone is cooled, to Permanently Manned Capability (PMC) where the airlock, a pressurized logistics module, and node 1 are cooled, in addition to node 2. A SINDA/FLUINT math model of the ITCS is described, and results of analyses for an MTC and a PMC case are shown and discussed.

KSC-02pd0280

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-03-12

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Space Shuttle Atlantis is hard down on the launch pad after its mid-day rollout from the Vehicle Assembly Building. Part of the Fixed Service Structure is at left. On either side of the tail of Atlantis are the tail service masts, which support the fluid, gas and electrical requirements of the orbiter's liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen aft T-0 umbilicals. Atlantis is scheduled for launch April 4 on mission STS-110, which will install the S0 truss, the framework that eventually will hold the power and cooling systems needed for future international research laboratories on the International Space Station. The Canadarm2 robotic arm will be used exclusively to hoist the 13-ton truss from the payload bay to the Station. The S0 truss will be the first major U.S. component launched to the Station since the addition of the Quest airlock in July 2001. The four spacewalks planned for the construction will all originate from the airlock. The mission will be Atlantis' 25th trip to space

30 CFR 7.505 - Structural components.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... designed for multiple uses to accommodate the structure's maximum occupancy. (ii) The airlock shall be configured to accommodate a stretcher without compromising its function. (4) Be designed and made to withstand 15 pounds per square inch (psi) overpressure for 0.2 seconds prior to deployment. (5) Be designed...

30 CFR 7.505 - Structural components.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... designed for multiple uses to accommodate the structure's maximum occupancy. (ii) The airlock shall be configured to accommodate a stretcher without compromising its function. (4) Be designed and made to withstand 15 pounds per square inch (psi) overpressure for 0.2 seconds prior to deployment. (5) Be designed...

30 CFR 7.505 - Structural components.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... designed for multiple uses to accommodate the structure's maximum occupancy. (ii) The airlock shall be configured to accommodate a stretcher without compromising its function. (4) Be designed and made to withstand 15 pounds per square inch (psi) overpressure for 0.2 seconds prior to deployment. (5) Be designed...

30 CFR 7.505 - Structural components.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... designed for multiple uses to accommodate the structure's maximum occupancy. (ii) The airlock shall be configured to accommodate a stretcher without compromising its function. (4) Be designed and made to withstand 15 pounds per square inch (psi) overpressure for 0.2 seconds prior to deployment. (5) Be designed...

30 CFR 7.505 - Structural components.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... designed for multiple uses to accommodate the structure's maximum occupancy. (ii) The airlock shall be configured to accommodate a stretcher without compromising its function. (4) Be designed and made to withstand 15 pounds per square inch (psi) overpressure for 0.2 seconds prior to deployment. (5) Be designed...

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1972-01-01

This image, with callouts, depicts the storage area of the forward compartment at the upper level of the Orbital Workshop (OWS). The upper level consisted of a large work area and housed water storage tanks, a food freezer, storage vaults for film, scientific airlocks, mobility and stability experiment equipment, and other experimental equipment.

Williams with Mission Patches in the A/L

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-08-14

Commander Jeff Williams poses for a photo in the Quest Airlock (A/L) with all of his mission patches. The patches are, from left, STS-101, Soyuz TMA-8, Expedition 13, Soyuz TMA-16, Expedition 21, Expedition 22, Soyuz TMA-20M, Expedition 47, and Expedition 48.

CUA Annual Meeting Abstracts addition.

PubMed

2012-08-01

: Foley catheters are assumed to drain the bladder to completion. We have previously shown that dependent loops along the drainage tubing create air-locks, which obstruct antegrade urine flow and result in un-drained residual bladder urine. We hypothesized that drainage characteristics of Foley catheters remain poorly understood by urologists and general surgeons. We conducted a nationwide survey of general surgery and urology training program faculty and residents, to assess perceptions of Foley catheter drainage. We designed a novel catheter drainage tube/bag that eliminates air-locks. : An anonymous illustrated questionnaire assessing Foley catheter use patterns and perception was sent to general surgery and urology residency programs (N=108) nationwide. A modified catheter drainage tube/bag unit was designed and tested. An ex vivo catheterized bladder model was designed to measure and compare urine drainage rates with the standard drainage system, versus with our novel design. : A total of 307 responses were collected from residents (55%) and faculty (45%); responses were similar among both groups (p<0.05). The majority reported that at their centers Foley catheter drainage tubes are generally positioned with a dependent loop (94.1%), and, that positioning with a dependent loop, versus without (78.1%) promoted optimal drainage. Antegrade drainage does not occur with a traditional drainage system when a >5.5 inch dependent loop in place. With our proposed design, which eliminates dependent loops, the bladder model emptied to completion consistently. : Traditional Foley catheter drainage systems, as commonly used, evacuate the bladder sub- optimally. More reliable and complete bladder drainage may decrease the incidence of catheter related UTI. The novel modified Foley catheter drainage tube/bag design presented here eliminates dependent loops, to optimize antegrade drainage.

US EVA 15 EMU Prep

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-08-07

ISS024-E-011561 (7 Aug. 2010) --- NASA astronaut Tracy Caldwell Dyson, Expedition 24 flight engineer, dons her Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station in preparation for the first of three planned spacewalks to remove and replace an ammonia pump module that failed July 31.

STS-40 Pilot Gutierrez changes LiOH canisters on OV-102's middeck

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1991-01-01

STS-40 Pilot Sidney M. Gutierrez changes lithium hydroxide (LiOH) canisters on the middeck of Columbia, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102. Next to Gutierrez is the open airlock hatch and behind him is the port side wall. A plastic stowage bag freefloats over his head.

Kuipers during photo documentation of the fluid and electrical interfaces on the UIA

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-27

ISS030-E-156468 (27 Jan. 2012) --- European Space Agency astronaut Andre Kuipers, Expedition 30 flight engineer, is pictured in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station during photo documentation of the fluid and electrical interfaces on the Umbilical Interface Assembly (UIA) Connector Shelf.

Usachev is visible in the open ODS hatch

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-08-12

STS105-E-5094 (12 August 2001) --- Yury V. Usachev of Rosaviakosmos, Expedition Two mission commander, can be seen through the recently opened airlock hatch of Space Shuttle Discovery as he welcomes the STS-105 and Expedition Three crews. This image was taken with a digital still camera.

Barratt in the A/L during EVA-3 Preparation

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-07-22

S127-E-007698 (22 July 2009) --- Astronaut Mike Barratt, Expedition 20 flight engineer, assumes a waiting stance in the International Space Station's Quest airlock while assisting astronauts Dave Wolf and Christopher Cassidy in getting ready for the mission's third space walk to perform work on the orbital outpost.

Skylab-3 Mission Onboard Photograph - Astronaut Bean working on Experiment S019

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1973-01-01

This Skylab-3 mission onboard photograph shows Astronaut Alan Bean operating the Ultraviolet (UV) Stellar Astronomy experiment (S019) in the Skylab Airlock Module. The S019, a camera with a prism for UV star photography, studied the UV spectra of early-type stars and galaxies.

Norm Abram of 'This Old House' visits KSC to film for show

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

In the Space Station Processing Facility, Steve Thomas (left), host of the television series This Old House, poses in front of the Joint Airlock module. Thomas and Norm Abram, master carpenter with This Old House, are at KSC to film an episode of the series.

International Space Station (ISS)

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-09-17

Enroute for docking, the 16-foot-long Russian docking compartment Pirs (the Russian word for pier) approaches the International Space Station (ISS). Pirs will provide a docking port for future Russian Soyuz or Progress craft, as well as an airlock for extravehicular activities. Pirs was launched September 14, 2001 from Baikonur in Russia.

Re-rendezvous and approach of Progress 33P

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-07-12

ISS020-E-018056 (12 July 2009) --- An unpiloted ISS Progress 33 cargo craft approaches the International Space Station. On June 30, the Progress undocked from the station and was commanded into a parking orbit for its re-rendezvous with the ISS on July 12, approaching to within 10-15 meters of the Zvezda Service Module to test new automated rendezvous equipment mounted on Zvezda during a pair of spacewalks earlier this month by Gennady Padalka and Mike Barratt that will be used to guide the new Mini-Research Module-2 (MRM2) to an unpiloted docking to the zenith port of Zvezda later this year. MRM2 will serve as a new docking port for Russian spacecraft and an additional airlock for spacewalks conducted out of the Russian segment.

STS-56 inflight maintenance (IFM) air duct routing on OV-103's middeck

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1993-01-01

STS-56 inflight maintenance (IFM) repair on Discovery's, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103's, middeck was required to offset overheating problems with one of the onboard experiments -- Detailed Supplementary Objective (DSO) 322, Human lymphocyte locomotion in microgravity. This 'elephant's trunk' fix was rigged from the airlock's air recirculation duct to DSO 322's forward locker location by Commander Kenneth Cameron. The 'elephant's trunk' was fashioned from trash bags and other plastic items to extend an airline to the troubled area. DSO 322 is collecting data on the locomotion and migration of human lymphocytes through intercellular matrix and is testing the rotating wall vessel and the specimen temperature controller. In the background is the port side wall with the side hatch, middeck accomodations rack (MAR), and shuttle orbiter repackaged galley (SORG) visible.

Modal Testing of Seven Shuttle Cargo Elements for Space Station

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kappus, Kathy O.; Driskill, Timothy C.; Parks, Russel A.; Patterson, Alan (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

From December 1996 to May 2001, the Modal and Control Dynamics Team at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) conducted modal tests on seven large elements of the International Space Station. Each of these elements has been or will be launched as a Space Shuttle payload for transport to the International Space Station (ISS). Like other Shuttle payloads, modal testing of these elements was required for verification of the finite element models used in coupled loads analyses for launch and landing. The seven modal tests included three modules - Node, Laboratory, and Airlock, and four truss segments - P6, P3/P4, S1/P1, and P5. Each element was installed and tested in the Shuttle Payload Modal Test Bed at MSFC. This unique facility can accommodate any Shuttle cargo element for modal test qualification. Flexure assemblies were utilized at each Shuttle-to-payload interface to simulate a constrained boundary in the load carrying degrees of freedom. For each element, multiple-input, multiple-output burst random modal testing was the primary approach with controlled input sine sweeps for linearity assessments. The accelerometer channel counts ranged from 252 channels to 1251 channels. An overview of these tests, as well as some lessons learned, will be provided in this paper.

Japanese Robotic SFA during Expedition 22

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-03-10

ISS022-E-089764 (10 March 2010) --- Looking through the Kibo airlock, the Japanese robotic Small Fine Arm (SFA), also known as ?Ko-bot?, is featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 22 crew member in the Kibo laboratory of the International Space Station during its installation on the external Japanese Experiment Module - Exposed Facility.

STS-29 MS Bagian juggles audio cassettes on Discovery's, OV-103's, middeck

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1989-01-01

On aft middeck, STS-29 Mission Specialist (MS) James P. Bagian juggles TEAC audio cassettes freefloating above foam insert as he attempts to organize them. In front of Bagian are aft middeck lockers and part of the open airlock hatch. Behind him are the starboard wall-mounted sleep restraints.

View of STS-134 Crew Members working on the Middeck

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-17

S134-E-006520 (17 May 2011) --- Astronauts Andrew Feustel (foreground) and Michael Fincke, both STS-134 mission specialists, work to keep order with the large inventory of supplies and equipment on Endeavour's middeck and airlock on the eve of docking day with the International Space Station. Photo credit: NASA.

Pilot Fullerton examines SE-81-8 Insect Flight Motion Study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Pilot Fullerton examines Student Experiment 81-8 (SE-81-8) Insect Flight Motion Study taped to the airlock on aft middeck. Todd Nelson, a high school senior from Minnesota, won a national contest to fly his experiment on this particular flight. Moths, flies, and bees were studied in the near weightless environment.

Whitson, Walheim and Love in A/L

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-02-10

S122-E-007662 (10 Feb. 2008) --- Astronauts Peggy Whitson, Expedition 16 commander; Stanley Love and Rex Walheim (bottom), both STS-122 mission specialists, work in the Quest Airlock of the International Space Station while Space Shuttle Atlantis is docked with the station. Two Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuits are visible in the image.

Barratt assists Drew with EMU

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-28

ISS026-E-031000 (28 Feb. 2011) --- Attired in his Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit, NASA astronaut Alvin Drew, STS-133 mission specialist, enters the International Space Station?s Quest airlock as the mission?s first spacewalk draws to a close. NASA astronaut Michael Barratt, mission specialist, assisted Drew. Photo credit: NASA or National Aeronautics and Space Administration

A guide to onboard checkout. Volume 6: Structures/mechanics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1971-01-01

The structures and mechanical subsystem of a space station are considered. The subsystem includes basic structure (pressurization, equipment support, meteoroid protection, radiators, insulation, and docking interfaces), the docking mechanisms, spacecraft access (hatches, airlocks, and view ports), and antenna deployment mechanisms. Checkout is discussed in terms of reliability, failure analysis, and maintenance.

Airlock Battery Charge module

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-06-06

S124-E-006858 (6 June 2008) --- Astronauts Greg Chamitoff, Expedition 17 flight engineer, and Karen Nyberg, STS-124 mission specialist, use the controls of the International Space Station's robotic Canadarm2 in the Destiny laboratory to maneuver the Kibo Japanese logistics module from atop the Harmony node to the top of the Kibo Japanese Pressurized Module.

STS-110 Atlantis rolls out to Launch Pad 39-A

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the foreground, white herons at the canal's edge pay scant attention the immense Space Shuttle towering above them. The Shuttle is inching its way to the top of the launch pad. In the background are seen the Rotating Service Structure (open) and the Fixed Service Structure, which holds the 80-foot lightning mast on top. The Shuttle sits on top of the Mobile Launcher Platform, which rests on the crawler-transporter. Atlantis is scheduled for launch April 4 on mission STS-110, which will install the S0 truss, the framework that eventually will hold the power and cooling systems needed for future international research laboratories on the International Space Station. The Canadarm2 robotic arm will be used exclusively to hoist the 13-ton truss from the payload bay to the Station. The S0 truss will be the first major U.S. component launched to the Station since the addition of the Quest airlock in July 2001. The four spacewalks planned for the construction will all originate from the airlock. The mission will be Atlantis' 25th trip to space.

KSC-02pd0278

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-03-12

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the foreground, white herons at the canal's edge pay scant attention the immense Space Shuttle towering above them. The Shuttle is inching its way to the top of the launch pad. In the background are seen the Rotating Service Structure (open) and the Fixed Service Structure, which holds the 80-foot lightning mast on top. The Shuttle sits on top of the Mobile Launcher Platform, which rests on the crawler-transporter. Atlantis is scheduled for launch April 4 on mission STS-110, which will install the S0 truss, the framework that eventually will hold the power and cooling systems needed for future international research laboratories on the International Space Station. The Canadarm2 robotic arm will be used exclusively to hoist the 13-ton truss from the payload bay to the Station. The S0 truss will be the first major U.S. component launched to the Station since the addition of the Quest airlock in July 2001. The four spacewalks planned for the construction will all originate from the airlock. The mission will be Atlantis' 25th trip to space

International Space Station Common Cabin Air Assembly Water Separator On-Orbit Operation, Failure, and Redesign

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Balistreri, Steven F., Jr.; Shaw, Laura A.; Laliberte, Yvon

2010-01-01

The ability to control the temperature and humidity of an environment or habitat is critical for human survival. These factors are important to maintaining human health and comfort, as well as maintaining mechanical and electrical equipment in good working order to support the human and to accomplish mission objectives. The temperature and humidity of the International Space Station (ISS) United States On-orbit Segment (USOS) cabin air is controlled by the Common Cabin Air Assembly (CCAA). The CCAA consists of a fan, a condensing heat exchanger (CHX), an air/water separator, temperature and liquid sensors, and electrical controlling hardware and software. The Water Separator (WS) pulls in air and water from the CHX, and centrifugally separates the mixture, sending the water to the condensate bus and the air back into the CHX outlet airstream. Two distinct early failures of the CCAA Water Separator in the Quest Airlock forced operational changes and brought about the re-design of the Water Separator to improve the useful life via modification kits. The on-orbit operational environment of the Airlock presented challenges that were not foreseen with the original design of the Water Separator. Operational changes were instituted to prolong the life of the third installed WS, while waiting for newly designed Water Separators to be delivered on-orbit. The modification kit design involved several different components of the Water Separator, including the innovative use of a fabrication technique to build the impellers used in Water Separators out of titanium instead of aluminum. The technique allowed for the cost effective production of the low quantity build. This paper will describe the failures of the Water Separators in the Quest Airlock, the operational constraints that were implemented to prolong the life of the installed Water Separators throughout the USOS, and the innovative re-design of the CCAA Water Separator.

Non-Axisymmetric Inflatable Pressure Structure (NAIPS) Full-Scale Pressure Test

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jones, Thomas C.; Doggett, William R.; Warren, Jerry E.; Watson, Judith J.; Shariff, Khadijah; Makino, Alberto; Yount, Bryan C.

2017-01-01

Inflatable space structures have the potential to significantly reduce the required launch volume for large pressure vessels required for exploration applications including habitats, airlocks and tankage. In addition, mass savings can be achieved via the use of high specific strength softgoods materials, and the reduced design penalty from launching the structure in a densely packaged state. Large inclusions however, such as hatches, induce a high mass penalty at the interfaces with the softgoods and in the added rigid structure while reducing the packaging efficiency. A novel, Non-Axisymmetric Inflatable Pressure Structure (NAIPS) was designed and recently tested at NASA Langley Research Center to demonstrate an elongated inflatable architecture that could provide areas of low stress along a principal axis in the surface. These low stress zones will allow the integration of a flexible linear seal that substantially reduces the added mass and volume of a heritage rigid hatch structure. This paper describes the test of the first full-scale engineering demonstration unit (EDU) of the NAIPS geometry and a comparison of the results to finite element analysis.

KSC-108-75PC-0388

NASA Image and Video Library

1975-07-15

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – The Apollo Soyuz Test Project Saturn IB launch vehicle thundered away from KSC’s Launch Complex 39B at 3:50 p.m. today. Aboard the Apollo Command Module were ASTP Astronauts Thomas Stafford, Vance Brand and Donald Slayton. The astronauts will rendezvous and dock with a Soyuz spacecraft, launched this morning from the Baikonur launch facility in the Soviet Union, carrying Soviet cosmonauts Aleksey Leonov and Valeriy Kubasov. The first international crewed spaceflight was a joint U.S.-U.S.S.R. rendezvous and docking mission. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, or ASTP, took its name from the spacecraft employed: the American Apollo and the Soviet Soyuz. The three-man Apollo crew lifted off from Kennedy Space Center aboard a Saturn IB rocket on July 15, 1975, to link up with the Soyuz that had launched a few hours earlier. A cylindrical docking module served as an airlock between the two spacecraft for transfer of the crew members. Photo credit: NASA

Constellation Architecture Team-Lunar: Lunar Habitat Concepts

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Toups, Larry; Kennedy, Kriss J.

2008-01-01

This paper will describe lunar habitat concepts that were defined as part of the Constellation Architecture Team-Lunar (CxAT-Lunar) in support of the Vision for Space Exploration. There are many challenges to designing lunar habitats such as mission objectives, launch packaging, lander capability, and risks. Surface habitats are required in support of sustaining human life to meet the mission objectives of lunar exploration, operations, and sustainability. Lunar surface operations consist of crew operations, mission operations, EVA operations, science operations, and logistics operations. Habitats are crewed pressurized vessels that include surface mission operations, science laboratories, living support capabilities, EVA support, logistics, and maintenance facilities. The challenge is to deliver, unload, and deploy self-contained habitats and laboratories to the lunar surface. The CxAT-Lunar surface campaign analysis focused on three primary trade sets of analysis. Trade set one (TS1) investigated sustaining a crew of four for six months with full outpost capability and the ability to perform long surface mission excursions using large mobility systems. Two basic habitat concepts of a hard metallic horizontal cylinder and a larger inflatable torus concept were investigated as options in response to the surface exploration architecture campaign analysis. Figure 1 and 2 depicts the notional outpost configurations for this trade set. Trade set two (TS2) investigated a mobile architecture approach with the campaign focused on early exploration using two small pressurized rovers and a mobile logistics support capability. This exploration concept will not be described in this paper. Trade set three (TS3) investigated delivery of a "core' habitation capability in support of an early outpost that would mature into the TS1 full outpost capability. Three core habitat concepts were defined for this campaign analysis. One with a four port core habitat, another with a 2 port core habitat, and the third investigated leveraging commonality of the lander ascent module and airlock pressure vessel hard shell. The paper will describe an overview of the various habitat concepts and their functionality. The Crew Operations area includes basic crew accommodations such as sleeping, eating, hygiene and stowage. The EVA Operations area includes additional EVA capability beyond the suit-port airlock function such as redundant airlock(s), suit maintenance, spares stowage, and suit stowage. The Logistics Operations area includes the enhanced accommodations for 180 days such as closed loop life support systems hardware, consumable stowage, spares stowage, interconnection to the other Hab units, and a common interface mechanism for future growth and mating to a pressurized rover. The Mission & Science Operations area includes enhanced outpost autonomy such as an IVA glove box, life support, and medical operations.

Testing a Regenerative Carbon Dioxide and Moisture Removal Technology

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barta, Daniel J.; Button, Amy; Sweterlitsch, Jeffrey J.; Curley, Suzanne

2010-01-01

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration supported the development of a new vacuum-desorbed regenerative carbon dioxide and humidity control technology for use in short duration human spacecraft. The technology was baselined for use in the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle s Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS). Termed the Carbon Dioxide And Moisture Removal Amine Swing-bed (CAMRAS), the unit was developed by Hamilton Sundstrand and has undergone extensive testing at Johnson Space Center. The tests were performed to evaluate performance characteristics under range of operating conditions and human loads expected in future spacecraft applications, as part of maturation to increase its readiness for flight. Early tests, conducted at nominal atmospheric pressure, used human metabolic simulators to generate loads, with later tests making us of human test subjects. During these tests many different test cases were performed, involving from 1 to 6 test subjects, with different activity profiles (sleep, nominal and exercise). These tests were conducted within the airlock portion of a human rated test chamber sized to simulate the Orion cabin free air volume. More recently, a test was completed that integrated the CAMRAS with a simulated suit loop using prototype umbilicals and was conducted at reduced atmospheric pressure and elevated oxygen levels. This paper will describe the facilities and procedures used to conduct these and future tests, and provide a summary of findings.

Swanson and Mastracchio during EMU Fit Check in the A/L

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-04-17

ISS039-E-013152 (17 April 2014) --- Inside the Quest airlock of the International Space Station, NASA astronauts Steve Swanson (left) and Rick Mastracchio, both Expedition 39 flight engineers, participate in a dress rehearsal for an upcoming spacewalk during which they are to replace a failed backup computer relay box in the S0 truss.

Exterior view looking down through the approximate centerline of the ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Exterior view looking down through the approximate centerline of the upper hatch and docking ring on the external airlock on the Orbiter Discovery. This photograph was take in the Orbiter Processing Facility at the Kennedy Space Center. - Space Transportation System, Orbiter Discovery (OV-103), Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, Harris County, TX

Artist's concept of Skylab space station cluster in Earth's orbit

NASA Image and Video Library

1971-10-01

S71-52192 (1971) --- An artist's concept of the Skylab space station cluster in Earth's orbit. The cutaway view shows astronaut activity in the Orbital Workshop (OWS). The Skylab cluster is composed of the OWS, Airlock Module (AM), Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA), Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM), and the Command and Service Module (CSM). Photo credit: NASA

STS-33 Commander Gregory displays Japanese student banner on OV-103's middeck

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1989-01-01

STS-33 Commander Frederick D. Gregory displays banner drawn and signed by Japanese students on Discovery's, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103's, middeck. Gregory's right foot is positioned under the open airlock hatch. Behind him is the port side wall. Gregory wears shorts and a United States Air Force Academy (USAFA) t-shirt.

STS-109 crewmembers discuss EVA strategy in airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-03-04

STS109-E-5333 (4 March 2002) --- Three STS-109 crew members assigned to extravehicular activity (EVA) duty on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) discuss strategy on the mid deck of the Space Shuttle Columbia. From the left are astronauts Richard M. Linnehan, John M. Grunsfeld and Michael J. Massimino. The image was recorded with a digital still camera.

Airlock Battery Charge module

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-06-06

S124-E-006865 (6 June 2008) --- One of a series of digital still images documenting the Japanese Experiment Module, or JEM, also called Kibo, in its new home on the International Space Station, this view features Kibo's exterior, Earth's horizon and a couple of "visiting" spacecraft. The Space Shuttle Discovery and a Russian Progress resupply craft are seen near foreground.

Foreman,Behnken,and Linnehan place STS-123 patch on wall in the A/L during Joint Operations

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-03-23

S123-E-008756 (23 March 2008) --- Astronauts Mike Foreman (left), Robert L. Behnken and Rick Linnehan, all STS-123 mission specialists, add the STS-123 patch to the growing collection of insignias representing crews who have performed spacewalks from the Quest Airlock of the International Space Station.

Progress 33P undock

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-06-30

ISS020-E-015987 (30 June 2009) --- An unpiloted ISS Progress 33 cargo craft, filled with trash and unneeded items, departs from the International Space Station?s Pirs Docking Compartment at 1:30 p.m. (CDT) on June 30, 2009. The Progress was commanded into a parking orbit for its re-rendezvous with the ISS on July 12, approaching to within 10-15 meters of the Zvezda Service Module to test new automated rendezvous equipment mounted on Zvezda during a pair of spacewalks earlier this month by Gennady Padalka and Mike Barratt that will be used to guide the new Mini-Research Module-2 (MRM2) to an unpiloted docking to the zenith port of Zvezda later this year. MRM2 will serve as a new docking port for Russian spacecraft and an additional airlock for spacewalks conducted out of the Russian segment.

KSC-97PC1093

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-07-19

Supported on a lift fixture, this radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG), at center, is hoisted from its storage base using the airlock crane in the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility (PHSF). Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) workers are preparing to install the RTG onto the Cassini spacecraft, in background at left, for mechanical and electrical verification testing. The three RTGs on Cassini will provide electrical power to the spacecraft on its 6.7-year trip to the Saturnian system and during its four-year mission at Saturn. RTGs use heat from the natural decay of plutonium to generate electric power. The generators enable spacecraft to operate at great distances from the Sun where solar power systems are not feasible. The Cassini mission is targeted for an Oct. 6 launch aboard a Titan IVB/Centaur expendable launch vehicle. Cassini is built and managed by JPL

KSC-08pd1961

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-07-11

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – In the Orbiter Processing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center, STS-125 crew members are lowered into space shuttle Atlantis' payload bay for a close look at the hardware. Equipment familiarization is part of the crew equipment interface test, which provides hands-on experience with hardware and equipment for the mission. Crew members are Commander Scott Altman, Pilot Gregory C. Johnson, and Mission Specialists Michael Good, Megan McArthur, John Grunsfeld, Mike Massimino (reaching toward the airlock) and Andrew Feustel. Atlantis is targeted to launch Oct. 8 on the STS-125 mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope. The mission crew will perform history-making, on-orbit “surgery” on two important science instruments aboard the telescope. After capturing the telescope, two teams of spacewalking astronauts will perform the repairs during five planned spacewalks. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1972-03-01

This photograph shows the flight article of the mated Airlock Module (AM) and Multiple Docking Adapter (MDA) being lowering into horizontal position on a transporter. Although the AM and the MDA were separate entities, they were in many respects simply two components of a single module. The AM enabled crew members to conduct extravehicular activities outside Skylab as required for experiment support. Oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks needed for Skylab's life support system were mounted on the external truss work of the AM. Major components in the AM included Skylab's electric power control and distribution station, environmental control system, communication system, and data handling and recording systems. The MDA, forward of the AM, provided docking facilities for the Command and Service Module. It also accommodated several experiment systems, among them the Earth Resource Experiment Package, the materials processing facility, and the control and display console needed for the Apollo Telescope Mount solar astronomy studies. The AM was built by McDornell Douglas and the MDA was built by Martin Marietta. The Marshall Space Flight Center was responsible for the design and development of the Skylab hardware and experiment management.

Metal hydride heat pump engineering demonstration and evaluation model

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lynch, Franklin E.

1993-01-01

Future generations of portable life support systems (PLSS's) for space suites (extravehicular mobility units or EMU's) may require regenerable nonventing thermal sinks (RNTS's). For purposes of mobility, a PLSS must be as light and compact as possible. Previous venting PLSS's have employed water sublimators to reject metabolic and equipment heat from EMU's. It is desirable for long-duration future space missions to minimize the use of water and other consumables that need to be periodically resupplied. The emission of water vapor also interferes with some types of instrumentation that might be used in future space exploration. The test article is a type of RNTS based on a metal hydride heat pump (MHHP). The task of reservicing EMU's after use must be made less demanding in terms of time, procedures, and equipment. The capability for quick turnaround post-EVA servicing (30 minutes) is a challenging requirement for many of the RNTS options. The MHHP is a very simple option that can be regenerated in the airlock within the 30 minute limit by the application of a heating source and a cooling sink. In addition, advanced PLSS's must provide a greater degree of automatic control, relieving astronauts of the need to manually adjust temperatures in their liquid cooled ventilation garments (LCVG's). The MHHP includes automatic coolant controls with the ability to follow thermal load swings from minimum to maximum in seconds. The MHHP includes a coolant loop subsystem with pump and controls, regeneration equipment for post-EVA servicing, and a PC-based data acquisition and control system (DACS).

US EVA 15 EMU Prep

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-08-07

ISS024-E-011537 (7 Aug. 2010) --- NASA astronaut Doug Wheelock (right), attired in his Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit, and Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin, both Expedition 24 flight engineers, pose for a photo in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station during preparations for the first of three planned spacewalks to remove and replace an ammonia pump module that failed July 31.

Fincke holds up a spare RPCM in the A/L during Expedition 9

NASA Image and Video Library

2004-06-04

ISS009-E-10554 (4 June 2004) --- Astronaut Edward M. (Mike) Fincke, Expedition 9 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, holds the spare Remote Power Controller Module (RPCM) in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station (ISS). The spare is scheduled to replace the failed RPCM on the S0 (S-Zero) Truss.

STS-9 crewmembers during brief moment of collective fun

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1983-01-01

Four of the STS-9 crewmembers enjoying a rare moment of collective fun inside the Spacelab module onboar the Columbia. Left to right are Owen K. Garriott, Robert A.R. Parker, Ulf Merbold and Byron K. Lichtenberg. The 'card table' here is the scientific airlock hatch, and the 'cards' are the targets used in the Awareness of Position experiment.

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1970-01-01

This photograph shows a telescopic camera for ultraviolet star photography for Skylab's Ultraviolet Panorama experiment (S183) placed in the Skylab airlock. The S183 experiment was designed to obtain ultraviolet photographs, at three wavelengths, of hot stars, clusters of stars, large stellar clouds in the Milky Way, and nuclei of other galaxies. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.

Microgravity

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-03-11

This photo shows the access through the internal airlock (bottom right) on the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) being developed by the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA for use aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Scientists will use the MSG to carry out multidisciplinary studies in combustion science, fluid physics and materials science. The MSG is managed by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Photo Credit: NASA/MSFC

Expedition 3 Crew Training Clips

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

The Expedition 3 crewmembers, Frank Culbertson, Jr., Mikhail Turin, and Vladimir Dezhurov, are seen during various stages of their training. Footage includes Extravehicular Activity (EVA) Training at the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL), EVA Preparation and Post Training in the International Space Station Airlock Mock-up, in the NBL Space Station Remote Manipulator System Workstation, and during the T-38 flight at Ellington Field.

Astronaut Carl Walz during EVA in Discovery's payload bay

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1993-01-01

Astronaut Carl E. Walz reaches for equipment from the provisional stowage assembly (PSA) in Discvoery's cargo bay during a lengthy period of extravehicular activity (EVA). The hatch to Discovery's airlock is open nearby. Sun glare is evident above the orbiter. The picture was taken with a 35mm camera by astronaut James H. Newman, who shared EVA duties with Walz.

Airlock Battery Charge module

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-06-06

S124-E-006862 (6 June 2008) --- One of a series of digital still images documenting the Japanese Experiment Module, or JEM, also called Kibo, in its new home on the International Space Station, this view depicts Kibo's exterior in the distance, joined in the frame by some not so permanent hardware. The pictured components include the visiting Space Shuttle Discovery and a Russian Progress resupply vehicle.

4. AERIAL VIEW, LOOKING SOUTHSOUTHWEST, OF BUILDING 371 GROUND FLOOR ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

4. AERIAL VIEW, LOOKING SOUTH-SOUTHWEST, OF BUILDING 371 GROUND FLOOR UNDER CONSTRUCTION. THE GROUND FLOOR, WHICH CONTAINS THE MAJORITY OF THE PLUTONIUM RECOVERY PROCESSING EQUIPMENT, IS DIVIDED INTO COMPARTMENTS BY FIREWALLS, AIRLOCKS, AND USE OF NEGATIVE AIR PRESSURE. (1/7/75) - Rocky Flats Plant, Plutonium Recovery Facility, Northwest portion of Rocky Flats Plant, Golden, Jefferson County, CO

Space Operations Center system analysis. Volume 3, book 1: SOC system definition report, revision A

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

The Space Operations Center (SOC) orbital space station program and its elements are described. A work breakdown structure is presented and elements for the habitat and service modules, docking tunnel and airlock modules defined. The basis for the element's design is given. Mass estimates for the elements are presented in the work breakdown structure.

Orbiter Docking System Installation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1995-01-01

Workers in Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3 are installing the Orbiter Docking System (ODS) in the payload bay of the orbiter Atlantis (OV-104). The ODS includes an airlock, a supporting truss structure, a docking base, and a Russian-built docking mechanism (uppermost). The ODS is nearly 15 feet (4.6 meters) wide, 6.5 feet (2 meters) long, 13.5 feet (4.1 meters high), and weighs more than 3,500 pounds (1,588 kilograms). It is being installed near the forward end of the orbiter's payload bay and will be connected by a short tunnel to the existing airlock inside the orbiter's pressurized crew cabin.The installation will take about two hours to complete. Later this week, the Spacelab module also will be installed in OV-104's payload bay; it will connect to the ODS via a tunnel. During the first docking between the Space Shuttle Atlantis and the Russian Space Station Mir, the Russian-built docking mechanism on the ODS will be mated to a similar interface on the Krystall module docking port on Mir, allowing crew members to pass back and forth between the two spacecraft. That Shuttle mission, STS-71, is scheduled for liftoff in early June.

Performance of the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU): Airlock Coolant Loop Recovery (A/L CLR) Hardware - Phase II

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Steele, John; Rector, tony; Gazda, Daniel; Lewis, John

2009-01-01

An EMU water processing kit (Airlock Coolant Loop Recovery A/L CLR) was developed as a corrective action to Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) coolant flow disruptions experienced on the International Space Station (ISS) in May of 2004 and thereafter. Conservative schedules for A/L CLR use and component life were initially developed and implemented based on prior analysis results and analytical modeling. The examination of postflight samples and EMU hardware in November of 2006 indicated that the A/L CLR kits were functioning well and had excess capacity that would allow a relaxation of the initially conservative schedules of use and component life. A relaxed use schedule and list of component lives was implemented thereafter. Since the adoption of the relaxed A/L CLR schedules of use and component lives, several A/L CLR kit components, transport loop water samples and sensitive EMU transport loop components have been examined to gage the impact of the relaxed requirements. The intent of this paper is to summarize the findings of that evaluation, and to outline updated schedules for A/L CLR use and component life.

Non-Axisymmetric Inflatable Pressure Structure (NAIPS) Concept that Enables Mass Efficient Packageable Pressure Vessels with Sealable Openings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Doggett, William R.; Jones, Thomas C.; Kenner, Winfred S.; Moore, David F.; Watson, Judith J.; Warren, Jerry E.; Makino, Alberto; Yount, Bryan; Selig, Molly; Shariff, Khadijah;

KSC-01pp1185

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-06-21

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Atop the mobile launcher platform, Space Shuttle Atlantis, with its orange external tank and white solid rocket boosters, sits on Launch Pad 39B after rollout from the Vehicle Assembly Building. Seen on either side of the orbiter’s tail are the tail service masts. They support the fluid, gas and electrical requirements of the orbiter’s liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen aft umbilicals. The Shuttle is targeted for launch no earlier than July 12 on mission STS-104, the 10th flight to the International Space Station. The payload on the 11-day mission is the Joint Airlock Module, which will allow astronauts and cosmonauts in residence on the Station to perform future spacewalks without the presence of a Space Shuttle. The module, which comprises a crew lock and an equipment lock, will be connected to the starboard (right) side of Node 1 Unity. Atlantis will also carry oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks, vital to operation of the Joint Airlock, on a Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet in the payload bay. The tanks, to be installed on the perimeter of the Joint Module during the mission’s spacewalks, will support future spacewalk operations and experiments plus augment the resupply system for the Station’s Service Module

KSC-01pp1184

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-06-21

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Atop the mobile launcher platform, Space Shuttle Atlantis arrives on Launch Pad 39B after rollout from the Vehicle Assembly Building. Seen on either side of the orbiter’s tail are the tail service masts. They support the fluid, gas and electrical requirements of the orbiter’s liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen aft umbilicals. The Shuttle is targeted for launch no earlier than July 12 on mission STS-104, the 10th flight to the International Space Station. The payload on the 11-day mission is the Joint Airlock Module, which will allow astronauts and cosmonauts in residence on the Station to perform future spacewalks without the presence of a Space Shuttle. The module, which comprises a crew lock and an equipment lock, will be connected to the starboard (right) side of Node 1 Unity. Atlantis will also carry oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks, vital to operation of the Joint Airlock, on a Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet in the payload bay. The tanks, to be installed on the perimeter of the Joint Module during the mission’s spacewalks, will support future spacewalk operations and experiments plus augment the resupply system for the Station’s Service Module

Space Shuttle Atlantis is on Launch Pad 39B

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Atop the mobile launcher platform, Space Shuttle Atlantis, with its orange external tank and white solid rocket boosters, sits on Launch Pad 39B after rollout from the Vehicle Assembly Building. Seen on either side of the orbiters tail are the tail service masts. They support the fluid, gas and electrical requirements of the orbiters liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen aft umbilicals. The Shuttle is targeted for launch no earlier than July 12 on mission STS-104, the 10th flight to the International Space Station. The payload on the 11- day mission is the Joint Airlock Module, which will allow astronauts and cosmonauts in residence on the Station to perform future spacewalks without the presence of a Space Shuttle. The module, which comprises a crew lock and an equipment lock, will be connected to the starboard (right) side of Node 1 Unity. Atlantis will also carry oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks, vital to operation of the Joint Airlock, on a Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet in the payload bay. The tanks, to be installed on the perimeter of the Joint Module during the missions spacewalks, will support future spacewalk operations and experiments plus augment the resupply system for the Stations Service Module.

Space Shuttle Atlantis is on Launch Pad 39B

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Atop the mobile launcher platform, Space Shuttle Atlantis arrives on Launch Pad 39B after rollout from the Vehicle Assembly Building. Seen on either side of the orbiters tail are the tail service masts. They support the fluid, gas and electrical requirements of the orbiters liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen aft umbilicals. The Shuttle is targeted for launch no earlier than July 12 on mission STS-104, the 10th flight to the International Space Station. The payload on the 11- day mission is the Joint Airlock Module, which will allow astronauts and cosmonauts in residence on the Station to perform future spacewalks without the presence of a Space Shuttle. The module, which comprises a crew lock and an equipment lock, will be connected to the starboard (right) side of Node 1 Unity. Atlantis will also carry oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks, vital to operation of the Joint Airlock, on a Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet in the payload bay. The tanks, to be installed on the perimeter of the Joint Module during the missions spacewalks, will support future spacewalk operations and experiments plus augment the resupply system for the Stations Service Module.

Status of the Redesign of the Extravehicular Mobility Unit Airlock Cooling Loop Recovery Assembly

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Steele, John; Arnold, Dane; Peyton, Barbara; Rector, Tony; Jennings, Mallory

2017-01-01

During EVA (Extravehicular Activity) 23 aboard the ISS (International Space Station) on 07/16/2013 an episode of water in the EMU (Extravehicular Mobility Unit) helmet occurred, necessitating a termination of the EVA (Extravehicular Activity) shortly after it began. The root cause of the failure was determined to be ground-processing short-comings of the ALCLR Ion Beds which led to various levels of contaminants being introduced into the Ion Beds before they left the ground. The Ion Beds were thereafter used to perform on-orbit routine scrubbing operations for the EMU cooling water loop which led to the failure. The root cause investigation identified several areas for improvement of the ALCLR Assembly which have since been initiated. Enhanced washing techniques for the ALCLR Ion Bed have been developed and implemented. On-orbit cooling water conductivity and pH analysis capability to allow the astronauts to monitor proper operation of the ALCLR Ion Bed during scrubbing operation have been investigated and are being incorporated. A simplified means to acquire on-orbit EMU cooling water samples has been designed as well. Finally, an inherently cleaner organic adsorbent to replace the current lignite-based activated carbon, and a non-separable replacement for the separable mixed ion exchange resin have been selected. These efforts are being undertaken to enhance the performance and reduce the risk associated with operations to ensure the long-term health of the EMU cooling water circuit. The intent of this paper is to provide an update of the effort to re-design the ALCLR (Airlock Cooling Loop Recovery) hardware. Last year, this effort was in the early stages of concept development and test which was reported in ICES Paper ICES-2016-221. Those phases are now complete and the final outcomes, as well as plans to build and field the hardware, are being reported on.

MSFC ISS Resource Reel 2016

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-04-01

International Space Station Resource Reel. This video describes shows the International Space Station components, such as the Destiny laboratory and the Quest Airlock, being manufactured at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala. It provides manufacturing and ground testing video and in-flight video of key space station components: the Microgravity Science Glovebox, the Materials Science Research Facility, the Window Observational Research Facility, the Environmental Control Life Support System, and basic research racks. There is video of people working in Marshall's Payload Operations Integration Center where controllers operate experiments 24/7, 365 days a week. Various crews are shown conducting experiments on board the station. PAO Name:Jennifer Stanfield Phone Number:256-544-0034 Email Address: JENNIFER.STANFIELD@NASA.GOV Name/Title of Video: ISS Resource Reel Description: ISS Resource Reel Graphic Information: NASA PAO Name:Tracy McMahan Phone Number:256-544-1634 Email Address: tracy.mcmahan@nasa.gov

An Alternate Configuration of the Multi-Mission Space Exploration Vehicle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Howard, Robert L., Jr.

2014-01-01

The NASA Multi-Mission Space Exploration Vehicle (MMSEV) Team has developed an alternate configuration of the vehicle that can be used as a lunar lander. The MMSEV was originally conceived of during the Constellation program as the successor to the Apollo lunar rover as a pressurized rover for two-person, multiday excursions on the lunar surface. Following the cancellation of the Constellation program, the MMSEV has been reconfigured to serve as a free-flying scout vehicle for exploration of a Near Earth Asteroid and is also being assessed for use as a Habitable Airlock in a Cislunar microgravity spacecraft. The Alternate MMSEV (AMMSEV) variant of the MMSEV would serve as the transport vehicle for a four-person lunar crew, providing descent from an orbiting spacecraft or space station and ascent back to the spaceborne asset. This paper will provide a high level overview of the MMSEV and preliminary results from human-in-the-loop testing.

Hopkins and Mastracchio in the A/L

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-20

ISS038-E-019271 (20 Dec. 2013) --- In the Quest airlock onboard the Earth-orbiting International Space Station, on the eve of their first spacewalk together, NASA astronauts Rick Mastracchio, right, and Mike Hopkins are completely suited in their extravehicular mobility unit spacesuits. NASA has scheduled at least two sessions of extravehicular activity for the two flight engineers to troubleshoot a faulty coolant pump on the orbital outpost.

iss020e021811

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-07-18

ISS020-E-021811 (18 July 2009) --- Astronaut Tim Kopra, STS-127 mission specialist converting to Expedition 20 flight engineer, is all smiles prior to donning his helmet and performing the final touches of suiting-up in the International Space Station's Quest airlock. He later joined astronaut Dave Wolf, STS-127 mission specialist, for the first of five scheduled sessions of extravehicular activity, requiring four different astronauts for the outside activities.

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1972-01-01

This photograph describes details of the telescopic camera for ultraviolet star photography for Skylab's Ultraviolet Panorama experiment (S183) placed in the Skylab airlock. The S183 experiment was designed to obtain ultraviolet photographs at three wavelengths of hot stars, clusters of stars, large stellar clouds in the Milky Way, and nuclei of other galaxies. The Marshall Space Flight Center had program responsibility for the development of Skylab hardware and experiments.

KSC-2010-1072

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-01-07

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - In Orbiter Processing Facility 1 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, United Space Alliance technicians verify the alignment of the test equipment that will be used to perform a push test on an external tank door on space shuttle Atlantis. Two umbilical doors, located on the shuttle's aft fuselage, close after external tank separation following launch. The test confirms that the door's actuators are functioning properly and that signals sent from the actuators correctly indicate that the doors have closed, creating the necessary thermal barrier for reentry. Atlantis is next slated to deliver an Integrated Cargo Carrier and Russian-built Mini Research Module to the International Space Station on the STS-132 mission. The second in a series of new pressurized components for Russia, the module will be permanently attached to the Zarya module. Three spacewalks are planned to store spare components outside the station, including six spare batteries, a boom assembly for the Ku-band antenna and spares for the Canadian Dextre robotic arm extension. A radiator, airlock and European robotic arm for the Russian Multi-purpose Laboratory Module also are payloads on the flight. Launch is targeted for May 14, 2010. Photo credit: NASA/Troy Cryder

KSC-2010-1076

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-01-07

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - In Orbiter Processing Facility 1 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, United Space Alliance technicians roll the test equipment away from an external tank door on space shuttle Atlantis following the successful completion of a push test. Two umbilical doors, located on the shuttle's aft fuselage, close after external tank separation following launch. The test confirms that the door's actuators are functioning properly and that signals sent from the actuators correctly indicate that the doors have closed, creating the necessary thermal barrier for reentry. Atlantis is next slated to deliver an Integrated Cargo Carrier and Russian-built Mini Research Module to the International Space Station on the STS-132 mission. The second in a series of new pressurized components for Russia, the module will be permanently attached to the Zarya module. Three spacewalks are planned to store spare components outside the station, including six spare batteries, a boom assembly for the Ku-band antenna and spares for the Canadian Dextre robotic arm extension. A radiator, airlock and European robotic arm for the Russian Multi-purpose Laboratory Module also are payloads on the flight. Launch is targeted for May 14, 2010. Photo credit: NASA/Troy Cryder

KSC-2010-1074

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-01-07

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - In Orbiter Processing Facility 1 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, United Space Alliance technicians remove the test equipment that was used to perform a push test on an external tank door on space shuttle Atlantis. Two umbilical doors, located on the shuttle's aft fuselage, close after external tank separation following launch. The test confirms that the door's actuators are functioning properly and that signals sent from the actuators correctly indicate that the doors have closed, creating the necessary thermal barrier for reentry. Atlantis is next slated to deliver an Integrated Cargo Carrier and Russian-built Mini Research Module to the International Space Station on the STS-132 mission. The second in a series of new pressurized components for Russia, the module will be permanently attached to the Zarya module. Three spacewalks are planned to store spare components outside the station, including six spare batteries, a boom assembly for the Ku-band antenna and spares for the Canadian Dextre robotic arm extension. A radiator, airlock and European robotic arm for the Russian Multi-purpose Laboratory Module also are payloads on the flight. Launch is targeted for May 14, 2010. Photo credit: NASA/Troy Cryder

KSC-2010-1071

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-01-07

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - In Orbiter Processing Facility 1 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, United Space Alliance technicians prepare to perform a push test on an external tank door beneath space shuttle Atlantis. Two umbilical doors, located on the shuttle's aft fuselage, close after external tank separation following launch. The test confirms that the door's actuators are functioning properly and that signals sent from the actuators correctly indicate that the doors have closed, creating the necessary thermal barrier for reentry. Atlantis is next slated to deliver an Integrated Cargo Carrier and Russian-built Mini Research Module to the International Space Station on the STS-132 mission. The second in a series of new pressurized components for Russia, the module will be permanently attached to the Zarya module. Three spacewalks are planned to store spare components outside the station, including six spare batteries, a boom assembly for the Ku-band antenna and spares for the Canadian Dextre robotic arm extension. A radiator, airlock and European robotic arm for the Russian Multi-purpose Laboratory Module also are payloads on the flight. Launch is targeted for May 14, 2010. Photo credit: NASA/Troy Cryder

KSC-2010-1075

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-01-07

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - In Orbiter Processing Facility 1 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, United Space Alliance technicians study the results of a push test performed on an external tank door on space shuttle Atlantis. Two umbilical doors, located on the shuttle's aft fuselage, close after external tank separation following launch. The test confirms that the door's actuators are functioning properly and that signals sent from the actuators correctly indicate that the doors have closed, creating the necessary thermal barrier for reentry. Atlantis is next slated to deliver an Integrated Cargo Carrier and Russian-built Mini Research Module to the International Space Station on the STS-132 mission. The second in a series of new pressurized components for Russia, the module will be permanently attached to the Zarya module. Three spacewalks are planned to store spare components outside the station, including six spare batteries, a boom assembly for the Ku-band antenna and spares for the Canadian Dextre robotic arm extension. A radiator, airlock and European robotic arm for the Russian Multi-purpose Laboratory Module also are payloads on the flight. Launch is targeted for May 14, 2010. Photo credit: NASA/Troy Cryder

KSC-2010-1070

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-01-07

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - In Orbiter Processing Facility 1 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, preparations are under way to perform a push test on an external tank door, shown in this close-up, of space shuttle Atlantis. Two umbilical doors, located on the shuttle's aft fuselage, close after external tank separation following launch. The test confirms that the door's actuators are functioning properly and that signals sent from the actuators correctly indicate that the doors have closed, creating the necessary thermal barrier for reentry. Atlantis is next slated to deliver an Integrated Cargo Carrier and Russian-built Mini Research Module to the International Space Station on the STS-132 mission. The second in a series of new pressurized components for Russia, the module will be permanently attached to the Zarya module. Three spacewalks are planned to store spare components outside the station, including six spare batteries, a boom assembly for the Ku-band antenna and spares for the Canadian Dextre robotic arm extension. A radiator, airlock and European robotic arm for the Russian Multi-purpose Laboratory Module also are payloads on the flight. Launch is targeted for May 14, 2010. Photo credit: NASA/Troy Cryder

KSC-2010-1073

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-01-07

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - In Orbiter Processing Facility 1 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, United Space Alliance technicians perform a push test on an external tank door on space shuttle Atlantis. Two umbilical doors, located on the shuttle's aft fuselage, close after external tank separation following launch. The test confirms that the door's actuators are functioning properly and that signals sent from the actuators correctly indicate that the doors have closed, creating the necessary thermal barrier for reentry. Atlantis is next slated to deliver an Integrated Cargo Carrier and Russian-built Mini Research Module to the International Space Station on the STS-132 mission. The second in a series of new pressurized components for Russia, the module will be permanently attached to the Zarya module. Three spacewalks are planned to store spare components outside the station, including six spare batteries, a boom assembly for the Ku-band antenna and spares for the Canadian Dextre robotic arm extension. A radiator, airlock and European robotic arm for the Russian Multi-purpose Laboratory Module also are payloads on the flight. Launch is targeted for May 14, 2010. Photo credit: NASA/Troy Cryder

Electronic nose for space program applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Young, Rebecca C.; Buttner, William J.; Linnell, Bruce R.; Ramesham, Rajeshuni

2003-01-01

The ability to monitor air contaminants in the shuttle and the International Space Station is important to ensure the health and safety of astronauts, and equipment integrity. Three specific space applications have been identified that would benefit from a chemical monitor: (a) organic contaminants in space cabin air; (b) hypergolic propellant contaminants in the shuttle airlock; (c) pre-combustion signature vapors from electrical fires. NASA at Kennedy Space Center (KSC) is assessing several commercial and developing electronic noses (E-noses) for these applications. A short series of tests identified those E-noses that exhibited sufficient sensitivity to the vapors of interest. Only two E-noses exhibited sufficient sensitivity for hypergolic fuels at the required levels, while several commercial E-noses showed sufficient sensitivity of common organic vapors. These E-noses were subjected to further tests to assess their ability to identify vapors. Development and testing of E-nose models using vendor supplied software packages correctly identified vapors with an accuracy of 70-90%. In-house software improvements increased the identification rates between 90 and 100%. Further software enhancements are under development. Details on the experimental setup, test protocols, and results on E-nose performance are presented in this paper along with special emphasis on specific software enhancements. c2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

KSC-2013-3866

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-11-06

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – Engineers and technicians move NASA's MAVEN spacecraft, inside payload fairing inside the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility, or PHSF, into the airlock for mounting to a trailer for transport to Space Launch Complex 41 where it will be hoisted atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket that will lift it into space and on to Mars. MAVEN is short for Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

KSC-2013-3867

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-11-06

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – Engineers and technicians move NASA's MAVEN spacecraft, inside payload fairing inside the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility, or PHSF, into the airlock for mounting to a trailer for transport to Space Launch Complex 41 where it will be hoisted atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket that will lift it into space and on to Mars. MAVEN is short for Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

KSC-2013-3864

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-11-06

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – Engineers and technicians move NASA's MAVEN spacecraft, inside payload fairing inside the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility, or PHSF, into the airlock for mounting to a trailer for transport to Space Launch Complex 41 where it will be hoisted atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket that will lift it into space and on to Mars. MAVEN is short for Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

KSC-2013-3865

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-11-06

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – Engineers and technicians move NASA's MAVEN spacecraft, inside payload fairing inside the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility, or PHSF, into the airlock for mounting to a trailer for transport to Space Launch Complex 41 where it will be hoisted atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket that will lift it into space and on to Mars. MAVEN is short for Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

STS-45 Pilot Duffy with inflatable Earth globe on OV-104's middeck

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

STS-45 Pilot Brian Duffy, wearing headset, uses inflatable globe to demonstrate Earth observations for an educational program to be distributed to classrooms following the mission. This demonstration is part of Detailed Supplementary Objective (DSO) 802, Educational Activities (The Atmosphere Below). Duffy is on the middeck of Atlantis, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 104, in front of the airlock hatch and alongside the starboard sleep station.

Pilot Fullerton examines SE-81-8 Insect Flight Motion Study

NASA Image and Video Library

1982-03-30

STS003-23-178 (22-30 March 1982) --- Astronaut C. Gordon Fullerton, STS-3 pilot, examines Student Experiment 81-8 (SE-81-8) Insect Flight Motion Study taped to the airlock on aft middeck. Todd Nelson, a high school senior from Minnesota, won a national contest to fly his experiment on this particular flight. Moths, flies, and bees were studied in the near weightless environment. Photo credit: NASA

STS-26 crewmembers eat on middeck as TAGS printout drifts among them

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1988-01-01

STS-26 Commander Frederick H. Hauck (center) reviews lengthy text and graphics system (TAGS) printout as it drifts across the middeck while his fellow crewmembers (left to right) Mission Specialist (MS) David C. Hilmers, MS George D. Nelson, and Pilot Richard O. Covey eat various snack items. The open airlock hatch and the sleep restraints on the starboard wall are visible in the background.

Application of shuttle EVA systems to payloads. Volume 1: EVA systems and operational modes description

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

Descriptions of the EVA system baselined for the space shuttle program were provided, as well as a compendium of data on available EVA operational modes for payload and orbiter servicing. Operational concepts and techniques to accomplish representative EVA payload tasks are proposed. Some of the subjects discussed include: extravehicular mobility unit, remote manipulator system, airlock, EVA translation aids, restraints, workstations, tools and support equipment.

Design study of the accessible focal plane telescope for shuttle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

The design and cost analysis of an accessible focal plane telescope for Spacelab is presented in blueprints, tables, and graphs. Topics covered include the telescope tube, the telescope mounting, the airlock plus Spacelab module aft plate, the instrument adapter, and the instrument package. The system allows access to the image plane with instrumentation that can be operated by a scientist in a shirt sleeve environment inside a Spacelab module.

CDR Altman and MS Massimino in airlock prior to EVA 4

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-03-07

STS109-E-5688 (7 March 2002) --- Astronaut Scott D. Altman, mission commander, assists astronaut Michael J. Massimino, mission specialist, with suit-donning tasks prior to the STS-109 mission's fourth space walk (EVA-4). Astronauts Massimino and James H. Newman went on to install the new Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The image was recorded with a digital still camera.

STS-57 Commander Grabe adjusts Thermal Enclosure System (TES) aboard OV-105

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1993-01-01

STS-57 Commander Ronald J. Grabe adjusts a bolt on the Thermal Enclosure System (TES) with Crystal Observation System (COS) experiment installation located in an aft locker (MA16J) on the middeck of Endeavour, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 105. Holding a camcorder in his right hand, Grabe prepares to monitor and record the crystal growth. The open airlock hatch is partially visible in the background.

View of Reilly posing for a photo in the A/L during STS-117/Expedition 15 Joint Operations

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-06-15

ISS015-E-12289 (15 June 2007) --- Attired in his Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit, astronaut Jim Reilly, STS-117 mission specialist, gives a "thumbs-up" signal as he awaits the start of the mission's third session of extravehicular activity (EVA) in the Quest Airlock of the International Space Station while Space Shuttle Atlantis was docked with the station.

KSC-01pp1255

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-08

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- STS-104 Mission Specialist Janet Lynn Kavandi arrives at the KSC Shuttle Landing Facility to make final preparations for launch of Space Shuttle Atlantis July 12. The mission is the 10th assembly flight to the International Space Station and carries the Joint Airlock Module, which will become the primary path for spacewalk entry and departure using both U.S. spacesuits and the Russian Orlan spacesuit for EVA activity

Independent Orbiter Assessment (IOA): Assessment of the life support and airlock support systems, volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arbet, J. D.; Duffy, R. E.; Barickman, K.; Saiidi, M. J.

1988-01-01

The results of the Independent Orbiter Assessment (IOA) of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Critical Items List (CIL) are presented. The IOA effort first completed an analysis of the Life Support and Airlock Support Systems (LSS and ALSS) hardware, generating draft failure modes and potential critical items. To preserve independence, this analysis was accomplished without reliance upon the results contained within the NASA FMEA/CIL documentation. The IOA results were then compared to the NASA FMEA/CIL baseline with proposed Post 51-L updates included. The discrepancies were flagged for potential future resolution. This report documents the results of that comparison for the Orbiter LSS and ALSS hardware. The IOA product for the LSS and ALSS analysis consisted of 511 failure mode worksheets that resulted in 140 potential critical items. Comparison was made to the NASA baseline which consisted of 456 FMEAs and 101 CIL items. The IOA analysis identified 39 failure modes, 6 of which were classified as CIL items, for components not covered by the NASA FMEAs. It was recommended that these failure modes be added to the NASA FMEA baseline. The overall assessment produced agreement on all but 301 FMEAs which caused differences in 111 CIL items.

Design of equipment for lunar dust removal

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Belden, Lacy; Cowan, Kevin; Kleespies, Hank; Ratliff, Ryan; Shah, Oniell; Shelburne, Kevin

1991-01-01

NASA has a long range goal of constructing a fully equipped, manned lunar base on the near side of the moon by the year 2015. During the Apollo Missions, lunar dust coated and fouled equipment surfaces and mechanisms exposed to the lunar environment. In addition, the atmosphere and internal surfaces of the lunar excursion module were contaminated by lunar dust which was brought in on articles passed through the airlock. Consequently, the need exists for device or appliance to remove lunar dust from surfaces of material objects used outside of the proposed lunar habitat. Additionally, several concepts were investigated for preventing the accumulation of lunar dust on mechanisms and finished surfaces. The character of the dust and the lunar environment present unique challenges for the removal of contamination from exposed surfaces. In addition to a study of lunar dust adhesion properties, the project examines the use of various energy domains for removing the dust from exposed surfaces. Also, prevention alternatives are examined for systems exposed to lunar dust. A concept utilizing a pressurized gas is presented for dust removal outside of an atmospherically controlled environment. The concept consists of a small astronaut/robotic compatible device which removes dust from contaminated surfaces by a small burst of gas.

Gerst during EVA

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-10-07

ISS041-E-067002 (7 Oct. 2014) --- NASA astronaut Reid Wiseman, Expedition 41 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 13-minute spacewalk, Wiseman and European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst (out of frame), flight engineer, worked outside the space station's Quest airlock relocating a failed cooling pump to external stowage and installing gear that provides back up power to external robotics equipment.

EVA 27

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-10-07

ISS041-E-067002 (7 Oct. 2014) --- NASA astronaut Reid Wiseman, Expedition 41 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 13-minute spacewalk, Wiseman and European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst (out of frame), flight engineer, worked outside the space station's Quest airlock relocating a failed cooling pump to external stowage and installing gear that provides back up power to external robotics equipment.

Wiseman during EVA

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-10-07

ISS041-E-067002 (7 Oct. 2014) --- NASA astronaut Reid Wiseman, Expedition 41 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 13-minute spacewalk, Wiseman and European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst (out of frame), flight engineer, worked outside the space station's Quest airlock relocating a failed cooling pump to external stowage and installing gear that provides back up power to external robotics equipment.

US EVA 21.

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-05-11

ISS035-E-037347 (11 May 2013) --- Expedition 35 Flight Engineers Tom Marshburn (pictured at conclusion of the extravehicular activity in the Quest Airlock) and Chris Cassidy (out of frame) completed a space walk at 2:14 p.m. EDT May 11 to inspect and replace a pump controller box on the International Space Station's far port truss (P6) leaking ammonia coolant. The two NASA astronauts began the 5-hour, 30-minute space walk at 8:44 a.m.

Low Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-10-01

method. Each of the terms in the above equation has a dependenc ; on both the accelerating voltage (V) and the aperture semi-an-le (a); as well as on the...turbomolecular pump provided from departmental resources to evacuate the airlock efficiently. Since this was done, a vacuum of <lxlO-7 torr has been...The aeneral conclusion is that the goals of the project were scientifically correct, even frcm the initial inception. However the resources available

KSC-2013-3863

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-11-06

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – Engineers and technicians get ready to move NASA's MAVEN spacecraft, inside payload fairing inside the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility, or PHSF, into the airlock for mounting to a trailer for transport to Space Launch Complex 41 where it will be hoisted atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket that will lift it into space and on to Mars. MAVEN is short for Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

STS-38 Pilot Culbertson removes film from an OV-104 middeck stowage locker

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1990-01-01

STS-38 Pilot Frank L. Culbertson removes photographic film from stowage locker MF43E located on the middeck of Atlantis, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 104. Additional items fastened to the forward lockers include a doll, meal tray assemblies, a SONY Walkman, a camera lens, and a Department of Air Force insignia (decal). The crew escape pole (CEP) extends over Culbertson's head and the open airlock hatch appears behind him.

KSC-01pp0953

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-05-07

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the Operations and Checkout Building, workers check out the placement of one of four gas tanks on the Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet. Part of the STS-104 payload, the storage tanks two gaseous oxygen and two gaseous nitrogen comprise the high pressure gas assembly that will be attached to the Joint Airlock Module during two spacewalks. The tanks will support future spacewalk operations from the Station and augment the Service Module gas resupply system

Closeup view of the payload bay side of the aft ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Close-up view of the payload bay side of the aft crew compartment bulkhead of the Orbiter Discovery. Showing the airlock, the beam-truss attach structure supporting it and its attach points to the payload bay sill longerons. This photograph was taken in the Orbiter Processing Facility at Kennedy Space Center. - Space Transportation System, Orbiter Discovery (OV-103), Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, Harris County, TX

STS-57 MS4 Voss, wearing goggles, handles SCG equipment on OV-105's middeck

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1993-01-01

STS-57 Mission Specialist 4 (MS4) Janice E. Voss, wearing goggles, handles plastic-wrapped Support of Crystal Growth (SCG) experiment equipment on the middeck of Endeavour, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 105. Holding the SCG equipment over a portable light fixture, Voss determines the proper autoclave mixing protocols for the zeolite crystal growth experiment. The lighting fixture bracket is attached to the open airlock hatch in the foreground.

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1970-01-01

This photograph was taken during assembly of the bottom and upper floors of the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS). The OWS was divided into two major compartments. The lower level provided crew accommodations for sleeping, food preparation and consumption, hygiene, waste processing and disposal, and performance of certain experiments. The upper level consisted of a large work area and housed water storage tanks, a food freezer, storage vaults for film, scientific airlocks, mobility and stability experiment equipment, and other experimental equipment.

Culbertson and Horowitz prepare to open the ODS hatch into the ISS

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-08-12

STS105-E-5089 (12 August 2001) --- Scott J. Horowitz (left), STS-105 commander, and Frank L. Culbertson, Jr., Expedition Three mission commander, prepare to open Space Shuttle Discovery's airlock hatch leading to the International Space Station (ISS). Culbertson and cosmonauts Mikhail Tyurin and Vladimir N. Dezhurov will be replacing the Expedition Two crew as residents aboard the ISS. This image was taken with a digital still camera.

Horowitz and Culbertson prepare to open the ODS hatch into the ISS

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-08-12

STS105-E-5092 (12 August 2001) --- Scott J. Horowitz (bottom), STS-105 commander, and Frank L. Culbertson, Jr., Expedition Three mission commander, prepare to open Space Shuttle Discovery's airlock hatch leading to the International Space Station (ISS). Culbertson and cosmonauts Mikhail Tyurin and Vladimir N. Dezhurov will be replacing the Expedition Two crew as residents aboard the ISS. This image was taken with a digital still camera.

Exterior view of ISS during EVA 28

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-10-15

ISS041-E-067002 (7 Oct. 2014) --- NASA astronaut Reid Wiseman, Expedition 41 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 13-minute spacewalk, Wiseman and European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst (out of frame), flight engineer, worked outside the space station's Quest airlock relocating a failed cooling pump to external stowage and installing gear that provides back up power to external robotics equipment.

US EVA 16 EMU Prep

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-08-11

ISS024-E-011673 (11 Aug. 2010) --- NASA astronaut Tracy Caldwell Dyson, Expedition 24 flight engineer, attired in her Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit, is pictured in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station as the second of three planned spacewalks to remove and replace an ammonia pump module that failed July 31 draws to a close. NASA astronaut Shannon Walker and Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin, both flight engineers, assist Caldwell Dyson with the doffing of her spacesuit.

Expedition 41 Crewmember during EVA 28

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-10-15

ISS041-E-067002 (7 Oct. 2014) --- NASA astronaut Reid Wiseman, Expedition 41 flight engineer, participates in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as work continues on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 13-minute spacewalk, Wiseman and European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst (out of frame), flight engineer, worked outside the space station's Quest airlock relocating a failed cooling pump to external stowage and installing gear that provides back up power to external robotics equipment.

View of EV Crewmember during Russian EVA 29

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-08-03

ISS028-E-020969 (3 Aug. 2011) --- Russian cosmonauts Sergei Volkov and Alexander Samokutyaev (out of frame), both Expedition 28 flight engineers, attired in Russian Orlan spacesuits, participate in a session of extravehicular activity (EVA) on the Russian segment of the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 23-minute spacewalk, Volkov and Samokutyaev moved a cargo boom from one airlock to another, installed a prototype laser communications system and deployed an amateur radio micro-satellite.

Astronaut Paul Weitz works with UV Stellar Astronomy Experiment

NASA Image and Video Library

1973-03-01

S73-20716 (1 March 1973) --- Astronaut Paul J. Weitz, pilot of the first manned Skylab mission, works with the UV Stellar Astronomy Experiment S019 in the forward compartment of the Skylab Orbital Workshop (OWS) trainer during Skylab training at Johnson Space Center. The equipment consists of a reflecting telescope, a 35mm camera and an additional mirror. It is mounted in an anti-solar scientific airlock in the side of the OWS. Photo credit: NASA

STS-55 crewmembers repair waste water tank on OV-102's middeck

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1993-01-01

Three STS-55 crewmembers participate in an inflight maintenance (IFM) exercise to counter problems experienced with a waste water tank below Columbia's, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102's, middeck. Mission Specialist 3 (MS3) Bernard A. Harris, Jr, inside the airlock, holds middeck floor access panel MD54G and looks below at Pilot Terence T. Henricks who is in the bilge area. Commander Steven R. Nagel is lying on middeck floor at the left.

8. EXTERIOR VIEW OF BALTIMORE FAN HOUSE LOOKING NORTHEAST The ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

8. EXTERIOR VIEW OF BALTIMORE FAN HOUSE LOOKING NORTHEAST The engine room and south airway are in the foreground. The brick walls covering the fan housing and brick upshaft chimney are in the background. The engine room, fan housing, and airways are covered with reinforced concrete roofing. In the left foreground is an airlock leading into the airway. - Dorrance Colliery Fan Complex, South side of Susquehanna River at Route 115 & Riechard Street, Wilkes-Barre, Luzerne County, PA

17. VIEW OF AIR LOCK ENTRY DOOR. BANKS OF AIR ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

17. VIEW OF AIR LOCK ENTRY DOOR. BANKS OF AIR FILTERS ARE VISIBLE TO THE SIDES OF THE DOORS. THE BUILDING WAS DIVIDED INTO ZONES BY AIRLOCK DOORS AND AIR FILTERS. AIR PRESSURE DIFFERENTIALS WERE MAINTAINED IN THE ZONES, SUCH THAT AIRFLOW WAS PROGRESSIVELY TOWARD AREAS WITH THE HIGHEST POTENTIAL FOR CONTAMINATION. (9/24/91) - Rocky Flats Plant, Plutonium Manufacturing Facility, North-central section of Plant, just south of Building 776/777, Golden, Jefferson County, CO

KSC-01pp0952

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-05-07

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- An overhead crane in the Operations and Checkout Building lowers one of four gas tanks onto the Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet while workers help guide it. Part of the STS-104 payload, the storage tanks two gaseous oxygen and two gaseous nitrogen comprise the high pressure gas assembly that will be attached to the Joint Airlock Module during two spacewalks. The tanks will support future spacewalk operations from the Station and augment the Service Module gas resupply system

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1971-01-01

The wardroom deck of the Orbital Workshop, showing the living quarters arrangement, is seen here in good detail. From left to right is the dining area, waste management, and sleeping quarters. Portable restraints are on the wall beside the sleeping quarters. The ergometer for the vectorcardiograph (Experiment - M093) and lower-body Negative Pressure (Experiment M092) unit, used in some of the medical experiments, are in the foreground. The round brown object in the center of the room is the trash disposal airlock.

Microgravity

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-03-11

Once the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) is sealed, additional experiment items can be inserted through a small airlock at the bottom right of the work volume. It is shown here with the door open. The European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA are developing the MSG for use aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Scientists will use the MSG to carry out multidisciplinary studies in combustion science, fluid physics and materials science. The MSG is managed by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Photo Credit: NASA/MSFC

MS Jones and MS Curbeam suited in EMU in the A/L for EVA 3

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-02-07

STS098-349-004 (7-20 February 2001) --- Astronauts Thomas D. Jones (second left) and Robert L. Curbeam, both mission specialists, prepare for one of the three STS-98 sessions of extravehicular activity (EVA). Astronauts Kenneth D. Cockrell (lower left), mission commander, and Mark L. Polansky, mission specialist, assist Jones and Curbeam as they don their Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suits in the airlock of the Space Shuttle Atlantis.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the Space Station Processing Facility, STS-115 Mission Specialist Joseph Tanner (second from left, foreground) works with technicians to learn more about the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), known as Kibo. The JEM consists of six components: two research facilities - the Pressurized Module and the Exposed Facility; a Logistics Module attached to each of them; a Remote Manipulator System; and an Inter-Orbit Communication System unit. Kibo also has a scientific airlock through which experiments are transferred and exposed to the external environment of space. The various components of JEM will be assembled in space over the course of three Space Shuttle missions. Equipment familiarization is a routine part of astronaut training and launch preparations.

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-22

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the Space Station Processing Facility, STS-115 Mission Specialist Joseph Tanner (second from left, foreground) works with technicians to learn more about the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), known as Kibo. The JEM consists of six components: two research facilities - the Pressurized Module and the Exposed Facility; a Logistics Module attached to each of them; a Remote Manipulator System; and an Inter-Orbit Communication System unit. Kibo also has a scientific airlock through which experiments are transferred and exposed to the external environment of space. The various components of JEM will be assembled in space over the course of three Space Shuttle missions. Equipment familiarization is a routine part of astronaut training and launch preparations.

KSC-08pd2294

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-08-05

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – The shipping container with the Multi-Use Lightweight Equipment (MULE) carrier inside comes to rest in the airlock in the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center. The cover will be removed in the airlock. The MULE is part of the payload for the fifth and final shuttle servicing mission to NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, STS-125. The MULE is part of the payload for the fifth and final shuttle servicing mission to NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, STS-125. The MULE is part of the payload for the fifth and final shuttle servicing mission to NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, STS-125. The MULE is part of the payload for the fifth and final shuttle servicing mission to NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, STS-125. The MULE is part of the payload for the fifth and final shuttle servicing mission to NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, STS-125. The MULE carrier will join the Flight Support System, the Super Lightweight Interchangeable Carrier and the Orbital Replacement Unit Carrier in the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility where the Hubble payload is being prepared for launch. The Relative Navigation Sensors and the New Outer Blanket Layers will be on the MULE. The payload is scheduled to go to Launch Pad 39A in mid-September to be installed into Atlantis' payload bay. Atlantis is targeted to launch Oct. 8 at 1:34 a.m. EDT. .Photo credit: NASA/Amanda Diller

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the Space Station Processing Facility, STS-115 Mission Specialist Joseph Tanner (center, foreground) works with technicians to learn more about the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), known as Kibo. The JEM consists of six components: two research facilities - the Pressurized Module and the Exposed Facility; a Logistics Module attached to each of them; a Remote Manipulator System; and an Inter-Orbit Communication System unit. Kibo also has a scientific airlock through which experiments are transferred and exposed to the external environment of space. The various components of JEM will be assembled in space over the course of three Space Shuttle missions. Equipment familiarization is a routine part of astronaut training and launch preparations.

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-22

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the Space Station Processing Facility, STS-115 Mission Specialist Joseph Tanner (center, foreground) works with technicians to learn more about the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), known as Kibo. The JEM consists of six components: two research facilities - the Pressurized Module and the Exposed Facility; a Logistics Module attached to each of them; a Remote Manipulator System; and an Inter-Orbit Communication System unit. Kibo also has a scientific airlock through which experiments are transferred and exposed to the external environment of space. The various components of JEM will be assembled in space over the course of three Space Shuttle missions. Equipment familiarization is a routine part of astronaut training and launch preparations.

Redesign of the Extravehicular Mobility Unit Airlock Cooling Loop Recovery Assembly

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Steele, John; Elms, Theresa; Peyton, Barbara; Rector, Tony; Jennings, Mallory A.

2016-01-01

During EVA (Extravehicular Activity) 23 aboard the ISS (International Space Station) on 07/16/2013 an episode of water in the EMU (Extravehicular Mobility Unit) helmet occurred, necessitating a termination of the EVA (Extravehicular Activity) shortly after it began. The root cause of the failure was determined to be ground-processing short-comings of the ALCLR (Airlock Cooling Loop Recovery) Ion Beds which led to various levels of contaminants being introduced into the Ion Beds before they left the ground. The Ion Beds were thereafter used to scrub the failed EMU cooling water loop on-orbit during routine scrubbing operations. The root cause investigation identified several areas for improvement of the ALCLR Assembly which have since been initiated. Enhanced washing techniques for the ALCLR Ion Bed have been developed and implemented. On-orbit cooling water conductivity and pH analysis capability to allow the astronauts to monitor proper operation of the ALCLR Ion Bed during scrubbing operation is being investigation. A simplified means to acquire on-orbit EMU cooling water samples have been designed. Finally, an inherently cleaner organic adsorbent to replace the current lignite-based activated carbon, and a non-separable replacement for the separable mixed ion exchange resin are undergoing evaluation. These efforts are undertaken to enhance the performance and reduce the risk associated with operations to ensure the long-term health of the EMU cooling water circuit.

Redesign of the Extravehicular Mobility Unit Airlock Cooling Loop Recovery Assembly

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Steele, John; Elms, Theresa; Peyton, Barbara; Rector, Tony; Jennings, Mallory

2016-01-01

During EVA (Extravehicular Activity) 23 aboard the ISS (International Space Station) on 07/16/2013 an episode of water in the EMU (Extravehicular Mobility Unit) helmet occurred, necessitating a termination of the EVA (Extravehicular Activity) shortly after it began. The root cause of the failure was determined to be ground-processing short-comings of the ALCLR (Airlock Cooling Loop Recovery) Ion Beds which led to various levels of contaminants being introduced into the Ion Beds before they left the ground. The Ion Beds were thereafter used to scrub the failed EMU cooling water loop on-orbit during routine scrubbing operations. The root cause investigation identified several areas for improvement of the ALCLR Assembly which have since been initiated. Enhanced washing techniques for the ALCLR Ion Bed have been developed and implemented. On-orbit cooling water conductivity and pH analysis capability to allow the astronauts to monitor proper operation of the ALCLR Ion Bed during scrubbing operation is being investigated. A simplified means to acquire on-orbit EMU cooling water samples has been designed. Finally, an inherently cleaner organic adsorbent to replace the current lignite-based activated carbon, and a non-separable replacement for the separable mixed ion exchange resin are undergoing evaluation. These efforts are undertaken to enhance the performance and reduce the risk associated with operations to ensure the long-term health of the EMU cooling water circuit.

Space Shuttle Atlantis is on Launch Pad 39B

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Atop the mobile launcher platform, Space Shuttle Atlantis sits on Launch Pad 39B after rollout from the Vehicle Assembly Building. Seen on either side of the orbiters tail are the tail service masts. They support the fluid, gas and electrical requirements of the orbiters liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen aft umbilicals. To the left of the orbiter is the white environmental chamber (white room) that mates with the orbiter and holds six persons. It provides access to the orbiter crew compartment. In the background is the Atlantic Ocean. The Shuttle is targeted for launch no earlier than July 12 on mission STS-104, the 10th flight to the International Space Station. The payload on the 11-day mission is the Joint Airlock Module, which will allow astronauts and cosmonauts in residence on the Station to perform future spacewalks without the presence of a Space Shuttle. The module, which comprises a crew lock and an equipment lock, will be connected to the starboard (right) side of Node 1 Unity. Atlantis will also carry oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks, vital to operation of the Joint Airlock, on a Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet in the payload bay. The tanks, to be installed on the perimeter of the Joint Module during the missions spacewalks, will support future spacewalk operations and experiments plus augment the resupply system for the Stations Service Module.

MBM fuel feeding system design and evaluation for FBG pilot plant.

PubMed

Campbell, William A; Fonstad, Terry; Pugsley, Todd; Gerspacher, Regan

2012-06-01

A biomass fuel feeding system has been designed, constructed and evaluated for a fluidized bed gasifier (FBG) pilot plant at the University of Saskatchewan (Saskatoon, SK, Canada). The system was designed for meat and bone meal (MBM) to be injected into the gasifier at a mass flow-rate range of 1-5 g/s. The designed system consists of two stages of screw conveyors, including a metering stage which controlled the flow-rate of fuel, a rotary airlock and an injection conveyor stage, which delivered that fuel at a consistent rate to the FBG. The rotary airlock which was placed between these conveyors, proved unable to maintain a pressure seal, thus the entire conveying system was sealed and pressurized. A pneumatic injection nozzle was also fabricated, tested and fitted to the end of the injection conveyor for direct injection and dispersal into the fluidized bed. The 150 mm metering screw conveyor was shown to effectively control the mass output rate of the system, across a fuel output range of 1-25 g/s, while the addition of the 50mm injection screw conveyor reduced the irregularity (error) of the system output rate from 47% to 15%. Although material plugging was found to be an issue in the inlet hopper to the injection conveyor, the addition of air sparging ports and a system to pulse air into those ports was found to successfully eliminate this issue. The addition of the pneumatic injection nozzle reduced the output irregularity further to 13%, with an air supply of 50 slpm as the minimum air supply to drive this injector. After commissioning of this final system to the FBG reactor, the injection nozzle was found to plug with char however, and was subsequently removed from the system. Final operation of the reactor continues satisfactorily with the two screw conveyors operating at matching pressure with the fluidized bed, with the output rate of the system estimated based on system characteristic equations, and confirmed by static weight measurements made before and after testing. The error rate by this method is reported to be approximately 10%, which is slightly better than the estimated error rate of 15% for the conveyor system. The reliability of this measurement prediction method relies upon the relative consistency of the physical properties of MBM with respect to its bulk density and feeding characteristics. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Developing Planetary Protection Technology: Recurrence of Hydrogen Peroxide Resistant Microbes from Spacecraft Assembly Facilities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kempf, M. J.; Chen, F.; Quigley, M. S.; Pillai, S.; Kern, R.; Venkateswaran, K.

2001-12-01

Hydrogen peroxide vapor is currently the sterilant-of-choice for flight hardware because it is a low-heat sterilization process suitable for use with various spacecraft components. Hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidizing agent that produces hydroxyl free radicals ( .OH) which attack essential cell components, including lipids, proteins, and DNA. Planetary protection research efforts at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) are focused on developing cleaning and sterilization technologies for spacecraft preparation prior to launch. These efforts include research to assess the microbial diversity of spacecraft assembly areas and any extreme characteristics these microbes might possess. Previous studies have shown that some heat-tolerant Bacillus species isolated from the JPL Spacecraft Assembly Facility (SAF) are resistant to recommended hydrogen peroxide vapor sterilization exposures. A Bacillus species, which was related to a hydrogen peroxide resistant strain, was repeatedly isolated from various locations in the JPL-SAF. This species was found in both unclassified (entrance floors, ante-room, and air-lock) and classified (class 100K) (floors, cabinet tops, and air) areas. The phylogenetic affiliation of these strains was carried out using biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequencing. The 16S rDNA analysis showed >99% sequence similarity to Bacillus pumilus. In order to understand the epidemiology of these strains, a more highly evolved gene (topoisomerase II β -subunit, gyrB) was also sequenced. Among 4 clades, one cluster, comprised of 3 strains isolated from the air-lock area, tightly aligned with the B. pumilus ATCC 7061 type strain (97%). The gyrB sequence similarity of this clade was only 91% with the 3 other clades. The genetic relatedness of these strains, as per pulse field gel electrophoresis patterns, will be presented. The vegetative cells and spores of a number of isolates were tested for their hydrogen peroxide resistance. Cells and spores were separately treated with 5% liquid hydrogen peroxide. After 60 minutes of exposure, the samples were diluted in tryptic soy broth and incubated at 32oC. Vegetative cells of one of the isolates, FO-036b, were the only cells to survive the exposure to hydrogen peroxide. In contrast, spores of several of the isolates survived exposure to hydrogen peroxide. Spores of these isolates do not appear to have any obvious morphological changes. We are in the process of analyzing these hydrogen peroxide resistant spores and comparing them to spores of microbes that are not as hydrogen peroxide resistant. The impact and implications of the identification and recurrence of these hydrogen peroxide microbes, and their spores, will be discussed.

A storage gas tank is moved to a pallet in the O&C

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In the Operations and Checkout Building, workers check out the placement of one of four gas tanks on the Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet. Part of the STS- 104 payload, the storage tanks two gaseous oxygen and two gaseous nitrogen -- comprise the high pressure gas assembly that will be attached to the Joint Airlock Module during two spacewalks. The tanks will support future spacewalk operations from the Station and augment the Service Module gas resupply system.

A storage gas tank is moved to a pallet in the O&C

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Workers in the Operations and Checkout Building stand by while one of four gas tanks is moved toward the Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet. Part of the STS-104 payload, the storage tanks two gaseous oxygen and two gaseous nitrogen -- comprise the high pressure gas assembly that will be attached to the Joint Airlock Module during two spacewalks. The tanks will support future spacewalk operations from the Station and augment the Service Module gas resupply system.

A storage gas tank is moved to a pallet in the O&C

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- An overhead crane in the Operations and Checkout Building lowers one of four gas tanks onto the Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet while workers help guide it. Part of the STS-104 payload, the storage tanks two gaseous oxygen and two gaseous nitrogen -- comprise the high pressure gas assembly that will be attached to the Joint Airlock Module during two spacewalks. The tanks will support future spacewalk operations from the Station and augment the Service Module gas resupply system.

Continuous Removal of Coal-Gasification Residue

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Collins, Earl R., Jr.; Suitor, J.; Dubis, D.

1986-01-01

Continuous-flow hopper processes solid residue from coal gasification, converting it from ashes, cinders, and clinkers to particles size of sand granules. Unit does not require repeated depressurization of lockhopper to admit and release materials. Therefore consumes less energy. Because unit has no airlock valves opened and closed repeatedly on hot, abrasive particles, subjected to lesser wear. Coal-gasification residue flows slowly through pressure-letdown device. Material enters and leaves continuously. Cleanout door on each pressure-letdown chamber allows access for maintenance and emergencies.

Swanson during EVA Tool Configuration in the A/L

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-04-17

ISS039-E-013091 (17 April 2014) --- NASA astronaut Steve Swanson, Expedition 39 flight engineer, is seen in the Quest airlock of the Earth-orbiting International Space Station. He and NASA astronaut Rick Mastracchio, flight engineer, will conduct a spacewalk in the coming week to replace a failed backup computer relay system on the space station's truss. The activity, designated U.S. EVA 26, will be broadcast live on NASA Television. A pair of NASA extravehicular mobility units (EMU) can be seen in the foreground.

CDR Altman and PLT Carey in airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-03-07

STS109-E-5672 (7 March 2002) --- Astronauts Scott D. Altman, mission commander, and Duane G. Carey, pilot, have remained inside Columbia's crew cabin all week while four crewmates have performed a series of space walks. However, the duo, seen here on the shuttle's flight deck, has had sparse leisure time, performing various interior duties in support of the extravehicular activity (EVA) designed for the servicing and upgrading of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The image was recorded with a digital still camera.

Development Requirements for the Exploration PLSS (xPLSS) Carbon Dioxide and Humidity Control Unit (CDHCU)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chullen, Cinda

2017-01-01

Functional Requirements for the Carbon Dioxide and Humidity Control Unit (CDHCU): The CDHCU is a component of the Exploration Portable Life Support System (xPLSS) to provide carbon dioxide (CO2) and humidity control within the spacesuit for a crewmember to perform extravehicular activities (EVA) in vacuum (micro-g), lunar, and Mars environments for up to 8 hours continuous, and during EVA preparation in airlocks or support vehicles for an additional 2 hours (TBR) continuous.

Mastracchio signs Mission Patch in A/L

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-05-13

ISS039-E-020704 (13 May 2014) --- NASA astronaut Rick Mastracchio, Expedition 39 flight engineer, signs a wall in the Quest airlock of the Earth-orbiting International Space Station after mounting his crew patch, continuing a Quest-based tradition of station crew members who have participated in space walks on their respective flights. A short time later, Mastracchio joined Expedition 39 Commander Koichi Wakata of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency and Flight Engineer Mikhail Tyurin of Roscosmos as they departed the orbital outpost in a Soyuz vehicle.

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1973-01-01

This onboard photograph depicts Astronaut Owen Garriott atop the Apollo Telescope Mount, removing a film magazine (white box) from one of Skylab's solar telescopes during an Extravehicular Activity (EVA) in the second marned Skylab mission (Skylab-3). A long boom transported it back into the waiting hands of another crew member at the airlock door below. During the operation, Garriott, film, boom, and Skylab were 435 kilometers high and speeding around the Earth at 29,000 kilometers per/hour. Because they moved together with no wind resistance, there was little sense of motion.

PIRS Images

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-01-01

JSC2001-E-26680 --- One of a series of three photos of the next station module that will launch--the Russian Docking Compartment, named Pirs, the Russian word for pier. The module is planned for launch from Baikonur Sept. 14, and to dock with the station on Sept. 16. It will serve as a Russian airlock for the station and also will provide a docking port for Soyuz or Progress craft arriving at the station. This image shows the Pirs under construction at Energia in Moscow.

PIRS Images

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-01-01

JSC2001-E-26679 --- One of a series of three photos of the next station module that will launch--the Russian Docking Compartment, named Pirs, the Russian word for pier. The module is planned for launch from Baikonur Sept. 14, and to dock with the station on Sept. 16. It will serve as a Russian airlock for the station and also will provide a docking port for Soyuz or Progress craft arriving at the station. This image shows the Pirs under construction at Energia in Moscow.

STS-104 Crew Interview: Steve Lindsey

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

STS-104 Commander Steve Lindsey is seen being interviewed. He answers questions about his inspiration to become an astronaut and his career path. He gives details on the mission's goals and significance, its payload (the Joint Airlock and the external gas tanks), and the usefulness of the newly installed Canadian Robotic Arm (installed by STS-100 crew). Lindsey describes his role in the rendezvous, docking, undocking, and flyaround of the Atlantis Orbiter and the International Space Station (ISS) and discusses the mission's planned spacewalks.

STS-104 Crew Interview: Mike Gernhardt

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

STS-104 Mission Specialist Mike Gernhardt is seen being interviewed. He answers questions about his inspiration to become an astronaut and his career path. He gives details on the mission's goals and significance, its payload (the Joint Airlock and the external gas tanks), and the usefulness of the newly installed Canadian Robotic Arm (installed by STS-100 crew). Gernhardt describes his role in the rendezvous, docking, undocking, and flyaround of the Atlantis Orbiter and the International Space Station (ISS) and discusses the mission's planned spacewalks.

STS-104 Crew Interview: Janet Kavandi

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

STS-104 Mission Specialist Janet Kavandi is seen being interviewed. She answers questions about her inspiration to become an astronaut and her career path. She gives details on the mission's goals and significance, its payload (the Joint Airlock and the external gas tanks), and the usefulness of the newly installed Canadian Robotic Arm (installed by STS-100 crew). Kavandi describes her role in the rendezvous, docking, undocking, and flyaround of the Atlantis Orbiter and the International Space Station (ISS) and discusses the mission's planned spacewalks.

STS-104 Crew Interview: Jim Reilly

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

STS-104 Mission Specialist Jim Reilly is seen being interviewed. He answers questions about his inspiration to become an astronaut and his career path. He gives details on the mission's goals and significance, its payload (the Joint Airlock and the external gas tanks), and the usefulness of the newly installed Canadian Robotic Arm (installed by STS-100 crew). Reilly describes his role in the rendezvous, docking, undocking, and flyaround of the Atlantis Orbiter and the International Space Station (ISS) and discusses the mission's planned spacewalks.

STS-104 Crew Interview: Charlie Hobaugh

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

STS-104 Pilot Charlie Hobaugh is seen being interviewed. He answers questions about his inspiration to become an astronaut and his career path. He gives details on the mission's goals and significance, its payload (the Joint Airlock and the external gas tanks), and the usefulness of the newly installed Canadian Robotic Arm (installed by STS-100 crew). Hobaugh describes his role in the rendezvous, docking, undocking, and flyaround of the Atlantis Orbiter and the International Space Station (ISS) and discusses the mission's planned spacewalks.

Gerst depressurized Kibo for Cubesat deployment

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-08-18

ISS040-E-096126 (18 Aug. 2014) --- In the International Space Station?s Kibo laboratory, European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst, Expedition 40 flight engineer, depressurizes the Kibo airlock in preparation for a series of NanoRacks CubeSat miniature satellite deployments. The first two pairs of nanosatellites are scheduled for deployment on Aug. 19. The Planet Labs Dove satellites that were carried to the station aboard the Orbital Sciences Cygnus commercial cargo craft are being deployed between Aug. 19 and Aug. 25.

Gerst depressurized Kibo for Cubesat deployment

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-08-18

ISS040-E-096122 (18 Aug. 2014) --- In the International Space Station?s Kibo laboratory, European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst, Expedition 40 flight engineer, depressurizes the Kibo airlock in preparation for a series of NanoRacks CubeSat miniature satellite deployments. The first two pairs of nanosatellites are scheduled for deployment on Aug. 19. The Planet Labs Dove satellites that were carried to the station aboard the Orbital Sciences Cygnus commercial cargo craft are being deployed between Aug. 19 and Aug. 25.

STS-35 crewmembers in sleep station compartments on OV-102's middeck

NASA Image and Video Library

1990-12-11

Though they are not actually asleep, three STS-35 crewmembers demonstrate the bunk-style sleep compartments onboard Columbia's, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 102's, middeck. From top to bottom are Payload Specialist Samuel T. Durrance, Mission Specialist (MS) Jeffrey A. Hoffman, and MS John M. Lounge. At the left is the shuttle amateur radio experiment (SAREX). The crew escape pole (CES) is visible overhead and the open airlock hatch in the foreground. The sleep station is located against the middeck starboard wall.

Crewmember in the middeck with Commercial Generic Bioprocessing experiment.

NASA Image and Video Library

1993-01-19

STS054-30-009 (13 Jan 1993) --- Astronaut Susan J. Helms communicates with ground controllers about the Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus (CGBA) on Endeavour's middeck. The mission specialist holds samples from the CGBA in her left hand. Sleep restraints can be seen in their temporary stow position in the left part of the frame, near the airlock hatch. Also onboard the spacecraft for the six-day mission were astronauts John H. Casper, Donald R. McMonagle, Gregory J. Harbaugh and Mario Runco Jr.

Cassidy, Marshburn and Barratt in the A/L during STS-127 / Expedition 20 Joint Operations

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-07-18

S127-E-006871 (18 July 2009) ---Two soon-to-be space-walking astronauts--Dave Wolf and Tim Kopra--although barely visible in the International Space Station's Quest airlock in the rear of this frame, are the primary focus of the three supportive astronauts in the foreground. From the left are astronauts Christopher Cassidy, Mike Barratt and Tom Marshburn. The July 18 extravehicular activity kicks off a series of five spacewalks scheduled over the next several days.

STS-46 Italian Payload Specialist Malerba uses laptop PGSC on OV-104 middeck

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

STS-46 Italian Payload Specialist Franco Malerba, wearing communications kit assembly headset (HDST), uses laptop payload and general support computer (PGSC) on the middeck of Atlantis, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 104. Malerba is positioned in front of the airlock and surrounded by the interdeck access ladder (foreground), a cycle ergometer (directly behind him), the forward lockers (background), and the sleep station (at his left). Food, candy, hygiene kits, beverage containers, and film reels are attached to the forward lockers.

View of Kelly outside the A/L during EVA 32

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-10-28

ISS045E082968 (10/28/2015) --- NASA astronaut Scott Kelly is photographed just outside the airlock during his first ever spacewalk on Oct 28, 2015. Kelly and NASA astronaut Kjell Lindgren worked outside for seven hours and 16 minutes on a series of tasks to service and upgrade the International Space Station. They wrapped a dark matter detection experiment in a thermal blanket, lubricated the tip of the Canadarm2 robotic arm and then routed power and data cables for a future docking port.

STS-109 MS Newman and Massimino in airlock after EVA

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-03-05

STS109-326-031 (5 March 2002) --- The broad smiles of astronauts Michael J. Massimino (left) and James H. Newman reflect the success of their just-completed lengthy space walk designed to finish the replacement of the solar arrays on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). A day earlier, two other astronauts replaced one of sets of solar panels. The two are in the process of doffing their extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) space suits on the mid deck of the Space Shuttle Columbia.

STS-111 Crew Training Clip

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

The STS-111 Crew is in training for space flight. The crew consists of Commander Ken Cockrell, Pilot Paul Lockhart, Mission Specialists Franklin Chang-Diaz and Philippe Perrin. The crew training begins with Post Insertion Operations with the Full Fuselage Trainer (FFT). Franklin Chang-Diaz, Philippe Perrin and Paul Lockhart are shown in training for airlock and Neutral Buoyancy Lab (NBL) activities. Bailout in Crew Compartment Training (CCT) with Expedition Five is also shown. The crew also gets experience with photography, television, and habitation equipment.

ASTRONAUT KERWIN, JOSEPH P. - EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY (EVA) - SKYLAB (SL)-2

NASA Image and Video Library

1973-06-01

S73-27562 (June 1973) --- Scientist-astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin, Skylab 2 science pilot, performs extravehicular activity (EVA) at the Skylab 1 and 2 space station cluster in Earth orbit, as seen in this reproduction taken from a color television transmission made by a TV camera aboard the station. Kerwin is just outside the Airlock Module. Kerwin assisted astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., Skylab 2 commander, during the successful EVA attempt to free the stuck solar array system wing on the Orbital Workshop. Photo credit: NASA

Skylab

NASA Image and Video Library

1970-01-01

This photograph was taken during installation of floor grids on the upper and lower floors inside the Skylab Orbital Workshop at the McDornell Douglas plant at Huntington Beach, California. The OWS was divided into two major compartments. The lower level provided crew accommodations for sleeping, food preparation and consumption, hygiene, waste processing and disposal, and performance of certain experiments. The upper level consisted of a large work area and housed water storage tanks, a food freezer, storage vaults for film, scientific airlocks, mobility and stability experiment equipment, and other experimental equipment.

MS Grunsfeld wearing EMU in Airlock joined by MS Newman and Massimino

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-03-08

STS109-E-5722 (8 March 2002) --- Astronaut John M. Grunsfeld (center), STS-109 payload commander, attired in the extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) space suit, is photographed with astronauts James H. Newman (left) and Michael J. Massimino, both mission specialists, prior to the fifth space walk. Activities for EVA-5 centered around the Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) to install a Cryogenic Cooler and its Cooling System Radiator. The image was recorded with a digital still camera.

STS-40 Spacelab Life Science 1 (SLS-1) module in OV-102's payload bay (PLB)

NASA Image and Video Library

1991-06-14

STS040-610-010 (5-14 June 1991) --- The blue and white Earth forms the backdrop for this scene of the Spacelab Life Sciences (SLS-1) module in the cargo bay of the Earth-orbiting Columbia. The view was photographed through Columbia's aft flight deck windows with a handheld Rolleiflex camera. Seven crewmembers spent nine days in space aboard Columbia. Part of the tunnel/airlock system that linked them to the SLS-1 module is seen in center foreground.

The Suitport's Progress

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cohen, Marc M.

1995-01-01

NASA-Ames Research Center developed the Suitport as an advanced space suit airlock to support a Space Station suit based on the AX-5 hard suit. Several third parties proposed their own variations of the Suitport on the moon and Mars. The Suitport recently found its first practical use as a terrestrial application in the NASA-Ames Hazmat vehicle for the clean-up of hazardous and toxic materials. In the Hazmat application, the Suitport offers substantial improvements over conventional hazard suits by eliminating the necessity to decontaminate before doffing the suit.

Internal Arrangement of the Skylab Orbital Workshop

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1971-01-01

The wardroom deck of the Orbital Workshop, showing the living quarters arrangement, is seen here in good detail. From left to right is the dining area, waste management, and sleeping quarters. Portable restraints are on the wall beside the sleeping quarters. The ergometer for the vectorcardiograph (Experiment - M093) and lower-body Negative Pressure (Experiment M092) unit, used in some of the medical experiments, are in the foreground. The round brown object in the center of the room is the trash disposal airlock.

Atlantis returns to VAB after beginning rollout to the pad

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Scattered clouds cast shadows as Space Shuttle Atlantis crawls back inside the Vehicle Assembly Building high bay 1. After earlier starting its trek to Launch Pad 39B, Atlantis was returned to the VAB due to lightning in the area. To the left of the VAB is the Launch Control Center. The four-story building houses the firing rooms that are used to conduct Space Shuttle launches. Leading away from the VAB, in the foreground, is the crawlerway, the 130-foot-wide road specially constructed to transport the Shuttle, mobile launcher platform and crawler-transporter with a combined weight of about 17 million pounds. Space Shuttle Atlantis is targeted for launch no earlier than July 12 on mission STS-104, the 10th flight to the International Space Station. The payload on the 11-day mission is the Joint Airlock Module, which will allow astronauts and cosmonauts in residence on the Station to perform future spacewalks without the presence of a Space Shuttle. The module, which comprises a crew lock and an equipment lock, will be connected to the starboard (right) side of Node 1 Unity. Atlantis will also carry oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks, vital to operation of the Joint Airlock, on a Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet in the payload bay. The tanks, to be installed on the perimeter of the Joint Module during the missions spacewalks, will support future spacewalk operations and experiments plus augment the resupply system for the Stations Service Module.

Space Suit Portable Life Support System (PLSS) 2.0 Pre-Installation Acceptance (PIA) Testing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Watts, Carly; Vogel, Matthew

2016-01-01

Following successful completion of the space suit Portable Life Support System (PLSS) 1.0 development and testing in 2011, the second system-level prototype, PLSS 2.0, was developed in 2012 to continue the maturation of the advanced PLSS design which is intended to reduce consumables, improve reliability and robustness, and incorporate additional sensing and functional capabilities over the current Space Shuttle/International Space Station Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) PLSS. PLSS 2.0 represents the first attempt at a packaged design comprising first generation or later component prototypes and medium fidelity interfaces within a flight-like representative volume. Pre-Installation Acceptance (PIA) is carryover terminology from the Space Shuttle Program referring to the series of test sequences used to verify functionality of the EMU PLSS prior to installation into the Space Shuttle airlock for launch. As applied to the PLSS 2.0 development and testing effort, PIA testing designated the series of 27 independent test sequences devised to verify component and subsystem functionality, perform in situ instrument calibrations, generate mapping data to define set-points for control algorithms, evaluate hardware performance against advanced PLSS design requirements, and provide quantitative and qualitative feedback on evolving design requirements and performance specifications. PLSS 2.0 PIA testing was carried out from 3/20/13 - 3/15/14 using a variety of test configurations to perform test sequences that ranged from stand-alone component testing to system-level testing, with evaluations becoming increasingly integrated as the test series progressed. Each of the 27 test sequences was vetted independently, with verification of basic functionality required before completion. Because PLSS 2.0 design requirements were evolving concurrently with PLSS 2.0 PIA testing, the requirements were used as guidelines to assess performance during the tests; after the completion of PIA testing, test data served to improve the fidelity and maturity of design requirements as well as plans for future advanced PLSS functional testing.

Space Suit Portable Life Support System (PLSS) 2.0 Pre-Installation Acceptance (PIA) Testing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anchondo, Ian; Cox, Marlon; Meginnis, Carly; Westheimer, David; Vogel, Matt R.

2016-01-01

Following successful completion of the space suit Portable Life Support System (PLSS) 1.0 development and testing in 2011, the second system-level prototype, PLSS 2.0, was developed in 2012 to continue the maturation of the advanced PLSS design. This advanced PLSS is intended to reduce consumables, improve reliability and robustness, and incorporate additional sensing and functional capabilities over the current Space Shuttle/International Space Station Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) PLSS. PLSS 2.0 represents the first attempt at a packaged design comprising first generation or later component prototypes and medium fidelity interfaces within a flight-like representative volume. Pre-Installation Acceptance (PIA) is carryover terminology from the Space Shuttle Program referring to the series of test sequences used to verify functionality of the EMU PLSS prior to installation into the Space Shuttle airlock for launch. As applied to the PLSS 2.0 development and testing effort, PIA testing designated the series of 27 independent test sequences devised to verify component and subsystem functionality, perform in situ instrument calibrations, generate mapping data, define set-points, evaluate control algorithms, evaluate hardware performance against advanced PLSS design requirements, and provide quantitative and qualitative feedback on evolving design requirements and performance specifications. PLSS 2.0 PIA testing was carried out in 2013 and 2014 using a variety of test configurations to perform test sequences that ranged from stand-alone component testing to system-level testing, with evaluations becoming increasingly integrated as the test series progressed. Each of the 27 test sequences was vetted independently, with verification of basic functionality required before completion. Because PLSS 2.0 design requirements were evolving concurrently with PLSS 2.0 PIA testing, the requirements were used as guidelines to assess performance during the tests; after the completion of PIA testing, test data served to improve the fidelity and maturity of design requirements as well as plans for future advanced PLSS functional testing.

Swanson signs Mission Patch in A/L

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-05-13

ISS039-E-020710 (13 May 2014) --- NASA astronaut Steve Swanson, Expedition 39 flight engineer about to become Expedition 40 commander, signs a wall in the Quest airlock of the International Space Station after mounting his crew patch, continuing a tradition of station crew members who have participated in space walks on their respective flights. A short time later, Swanson took over command of the orbital outpost upon the departure of Expedition 39 Commander Koichi Wakata of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and Flight Engineers Mikhail Tyurin of Roscosmos and Rick Mastracchio of NASA.

General view looking aft along the port side of the ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

General view looking aft along the port side of the Orbiter Discovery into its payload bay. Note the Remote Manipulator System, Canadarm, in the foreground mounted on the port side longeron. The Remote Sensor Arm is mounted on the opposite, starboard, longeron. Also note the airlock and the protective covering over the docking mechanism. This image was taken in the Orbiter Processing Facility at Kennedy Space Center. - Space Transportation System, Orbiter Discovery (OV-103), Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, Harris County, TX

KSC-01pp1377

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- During their post-landing walkaround under orbiter Atlantis, Pilot Charles Hobaugh (left) and Commander Steven Lindsey feel the heat from the nose of the orbiter. Atlantis touched down at 11:38:55 p.m. EDT July 24, 2001, completing a 12-day, 18-hour, 34-minute-long mission to the International Space Station. The mission delivered the Joint Airlock Module to the Space Station, completing the second phase of the assembly of the Space Station. This is the 18th nighttime landing for a Space Shuttle, the 13th at Kennedy Space Center

KSC-2011-8369

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-12-22

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – In Orbiter Processing Facility-2 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the controller used during docking to the airlock of space shuttle Atlantis stands among the switches filling the control panel on the flight deck. The flight deck is illuminated one last time as preparations are made for the shuttle's final power down during Space Shuttle Program transition and retirement activities. Atlantis is being prepared for public display in 2013 at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/shuttle. Photo credit: NASA/Jim Grossmann

Man in space.

PubMed

Solovjev, V A

1987-09-01

Today, more than 20 years after the first in the world man's space walk, soviet cosmonautics gained large experience of extravehicular activity (EVA). Space suits of high reliability, onboard facilities for passing through the airlock, sets of special tools and technological rigging, as well as procedures for carrying out various EVA's were developed. In the course of the Salyut-7 space station orbital operation the EVA's have become regular. The author of the report as the participant of the EVA's considers the main steps of man activities in space and analyzes specific problems arised in performing such activities.

KSC-98pc1164

NASA Image and Video Library

1998-09-28

The orbiter Atlantis is towed away from the Shuttle Landing Facility after returning home from California atop its Shuttle Carrier Aircraft. The orbiter spent 10 months in Palmdale undergoing extensive inspections and modifications in the orbiter processing facility there. The modifications included several upgrades enabling it to support International Space Station missions, such as adding an external airlock for ISS docking missions and installing thinner, lighter thermal protection blankets for weight reduction which will allow it to haul heavier cargo. Atlantis will undergo preparations in the Orbiter Processing Facility at KSC for its planned flight in June 1999

Mission Specialist (MS) Ride sleeps in airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

1983-06-24

STS007-26-1438 (18-24 June 1983) --- Astronaut Sally K. Ride, mission specialist, was captured at her sleep station in the Space Shuttle Challenger's middeck by a fellow crew member using a 35mm camera. This method of sleep is just one used by the 20 astronauts who have now flown aboard NASA's first two Space Shuttle Orbiters. Some astronauts choose to sleep in various positions with either their feet or upper bodies or both anchored and others elect to use the sleep restraint device demonstrated here by Dr. Ride.

Japanese experiment module (JEM)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kato, T.

1986-01-01

Japanese hardware elements studied during the definition phase of phase B are described. The hardware is called JEM (Japanese Experiment Module) and will be attached to the Space Station core. JEM consists of a pressurized module, an exposed facility, a scientific/equipment airlock, a local remote manipulator, and experimental logistic module. With all those hardware elements JEM will accommodate general scientific and technology development research (some of the elements are to utilize the advantage of the microgravity environment), and also accommodate control panels for the Space Station Mobile Remote Manipulator System and attached payloads.

KSC-97pc670

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-04-17

The Spacelab long transfer tunnel that leads from the Space Shuttle Orbiter Columbia’s crew airlock to the Microgravity Science Laboratory-1 (MSL-1) Spacelab module in the spaceplane’s payload bay is removed by KSC paylaod processing employees in Orbiter Processing Facility 1. The tunnel was taken out to allow better access to the MSL-1 module during reservicing operations to prepare it for its reflight as MSL-1R. That mission is now scheduled to lift off July 1. This was the first time that this type of payload was reserviced without removing it from the payload bay. This new procedure pioneers processing efforts for quick relaunch turnaround times for future payloads. The Spacelab module was scheduled to fly again with the full complement of STS-83 experiments after that mission was cut short due to a faulty fuel cell. During the scheduled 16-day reflight, the experiments will be used to test some of the hardware, facilities and procedures that are planned for use on the International Space Station while the flight crew conducts combustion, protein crystal growth and materials processing experiments

KSC-97pc671

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-04-17

The Spacelab long transfer tunnel that leads from the Space Shuttle Orbiter Columbia’s crew airlock to the Microgravity Science Laboratory-1 (MSL-1) Spacelab module in the spaceplane’s payload bay is removed in Orbiter Processing Facility 1. The tunnel was taken out to allow better access to the MSL-1 module during reservicing operations to prepare it for its reflight as MSL-1R. That mission is now scheduled to lift off July 1. This was the first time that this type of payload was reserviced without removing it from the payload bay. This new procedure pioneers processing efforts for quick relaunch turnaround times for future payloads. The Spacelab module was scheduled to fly again with the full complement of STS-83 experiments after that mission was cut short due to a faulty fuel cell. During the scheduled 16-day reflight, the experiments will be used to test some of the hardware, facilities and procedures that are planned for use on the International Space Station while the flight crew conducts combustion, protein crystal growth and materials processing experiments

Apollo Soyuz, mission evaluation report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1975-01-01

The Apollo Soyuz mission was the first manned space flight to be conducted jointly by two nations - the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The primary purpose of the mission was to test systems for rendezvous and docking of manned spacecraft that would be suitable for use as a standard international system, and to demonstrate crew transfer between spacecraft. The secondary purpose was to conduct a program of scientific and applications experimentation. With minor modifications, the Apollo and Soyuz spacecraft were like those flown on previous missions. However, a new module was built specifically for this mission - the docking module. It served as an airlock for crew transfer and as a structural base for the docking mechanism that interfaced with a similar mechanism on the Soyuz orbital module. The postflight evaluation of the performance of the docking system and docking module, as well as the overall performance of the Apollo spacecraft and experiments is presented. In addition, the mission is evaluated from the viewpoints of the flight crew, ground support operations, and biomedical operations. Descriptions of the docking mechanism, docking module, crew equipment and experiment hardware are given.

ASTRONAUT YOUNG, JOHN W. - ZERO-GRAVITY (ZERO-G) - KC-135

NASA Image and Video Library

1978-12-15

S79-30347 (31 March 1979) --- Taking advantage of a brief period of zero-gravity afforded aboard a KC-135 flying a parabolic curve, the flight crew of the first space shuttle orbital flight test (STS-1) goes through a spacesuit donning exercise. Astronaut John W. Young has just entered the hard-material torso of the shuttle spacesuit by approaching it from below. He is assisted by astronaut Robert L. Crippen. The torso is held in place by a special stand here, simulating the function provided by the airlock wall aboard the actual shuttle craft. The life support system is mated to the torso on Earth and remains so during the flight, requiring this type of donning and doffing exercise. Note Crippen?s suit is the type to be used for intravehicular activity in the shirt sleeve environment to be afforded aboard shuttle. The suit worn by Young is for extravehicular activity (EVA). Young will be STS-1 commander and Crippen, pilot. They will man the space shuttle orbiter 102 Columbia. Photo credit: NASA

MBM fuel feeding system design and evaluation for FBG pilot plant

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Campbell, William A., E-mail: bill.campbell@usask.ca; Fonstad, Terry; Pugsley, Todd

2012-06-15

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer A 1-5 g/s fuel feeding system for pilot scale FBG was designed, built and tested. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Multiple conveying stages improve pressure balancing, flow control and stability. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Secondary conveyor stage reduced output irregularity from 47% to 15%. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Pneumatic air sparging effective in dealing with poor flow ability of MBM powder. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Pneumatic injection port plugs with char at gasification temperature of 850 Degree-Sign C. - Abstract: A biomass fuel feeding system has been designed, constructed and evaluated for a fluidized bed gasifier (FBG) pilot plant at the University of Saskatchewan (Saskatoon, SK, Canada). The system was designedmore » for meat and bone meal (MBM) to be injected into the gasifier at a mass flow-rate range of 1-5 g/s. The designed system consists of two stages of screw conveyors, including a metering stage which controlled the flow-rate of fuel, a rotary airlock and an injection conveyor stage, which delivered that fuel at a consistent rate to the FBG. The rotary airlock which was placed between these conveyors, proved unable to maintain a pressure seal, thus the entire conveying system was sealed and pressurized. A pneumatic injection nozzle was also fabricated, tested and fitted to the end of the injection conveyor for direct injection and dispersal into the fluidized bed. The 150 mm metering screw conveyor was shown to effectively control the mass output rate of the system, across a fuel output range of 1-25 g/s, while the addition of the 50 mm injection screw conveyor reduced the irregularity (error) of the system output rate from 47% to 15%. Although material plugging was found to be an issue in the inlet hopper to the injection conveyor, the addition of air sparging ports and a system to pulse air into those ports was found to successfully eliminate this issue. The addition of the pneumatic injection nozzle reduced the output irregularity further to 13%, with an air supply of 50 slpm as the minimum air supply to drive this injector. After commissioning of this final system to the FBG reactor, the injection nozzle was found to plug with char however, and was subsequently removed from the system. Final operation of the reactor continues satisfactorily with the two screw conveyors operating at matching pressure with the fluidized bed, with the output rate of the system estimated based on system characteristic equations, and confirmed by static weight measurements made before and after testing. The error rate by this method is reported to be approximately 10%, which is slightly better than the estimated error rate of 15% for the conveyor system. The reliability of this measurement prediction method relies upon the relative consistency of the physical properties of MBM with respect to its bulk density and feeding characteristics.« less

Mars Surface Tunnel Element Concept

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rucker, Michelle A.

2016-01-01

How crews get into or out of their ascent vehicle has profound implications for Mars surface architecture. Extravehicular Activity (EVA) hatches and Airlocks have the benefit of relatively low mass and high Technology Readiness Level (TRL), but waste consumables with a volume depressurization for every ingress/egress. Perhaps the biggest drawback to EVA hatches or Airlocks is that they make it difficult to keep Martian dust from being tracked back into the ascent vehicle, in violation of planetary protection protocols. Suit ports offer the promise of dust mitigation by keeping dusty suits outside the cabin, but require significant cabin real estate, are relatively high mass, and current operational concepts still require an EVA hatch to get the suits outside for the first EVA, and back inside after the final EVA. This is primarily because current designs don't provide enough structural support to protect the suits from ascent/descent loads or potential thruster plume impingement. For architectures involving more than one surface element-such as an ascent vehicle and a rover or surface habitat-a retractable tunnel is an attractive option. By pushing spacesuit don/doff and EVA operations to an element that remains on the surface, ascended vehicle mass and dust can be minimized. What's more, retractable tunnels provide operational flexibility by allowing surface assets to be re-configured or built up over time. Retractable tunnel functional requirements and design concepts being developed as part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Evolvable Mars Campaign (EMC) work will add a new ingress/egress option to the surface architecture trade space.

Traditional Foley drainage systems--do they drain the bladder?

PubMed

Garcia, Maurice M; Gulati, Shelly; Liepmann, Dorian; Stackhouse, G Bennett; Greene, Kirsten; Stoller, Marshall L

2007-01-01

Foley catheters are assumed to drain the bladder to completion. Drainage characteristics of Foley catheter systems are poorly understood. To investigate unrecognized retained urine with Foley catheter drainage systems, bladder volumes of hospitalized patients were measured with bladder scan ultrasound volumetrics. Additionally, an in vitro bench top mock bladder and urinary catheter system was developed to understand the etiology of such residual volumes. A novel drainage tube design that optimizes indwelling catheter drainage was also designed. Bedside bladder ultrasound volumetric studies were performed on patients hospitalized in ward and intensive care unit. If residual urine was identified the drainage tubing was manipulated to facilitate drainage. An ex vivo bladder-urinary catheter model was designed to measure flow rates and pressures within the drainage tubing of a traditional and a novel drainage tube system. A total of 75 patients in the intensive care unit underwent bladder ultrasound volumetrics. Mean residual volume was 96 ml (range 4 to 290). In 75 patients on the hospital ward mean residual volume was 136 ml (range 22 to 647). In the experimental model we found that for every 1 cm in curl height, obstruction pressure increased by 1 cm H2O within the artificial bladder. In contrast, the novel spiral-shaped drainage tube demonstrated rapid (0.5 cc per second), continuous and complete (100%) reservoir drainage in all trials. Traditional Foley catheter drainage systems evacuate the bladder suboptimally. Outflow obstruction is caused by air-locks that develop within curled redundant drainage tubing segments. The novel drainage tubing design eliminates gravity dependent curls and associated air-locks, optimizes flow, and minimizes residual bladder urine.

KSC01padig234

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-06-21

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- After a journey of more than 8 hours from the Vehicle Assembly Building, Space Shuttle Atlantis sits on Launch Pad 39B. At left is the Rotating Service Structure, which will roll on its axis to enclose the Shuttle until launch. Towering above the Fixed Service Structure next to it is the 80-foot tall lightning mast that provides protection from lightning strikes. On the right is the elevated water tank with a capacity of 300,000 gallons. Part of the Sound Suppression Water System, the water in the tank is released just before ignition of the orbiter’s three main engines and twin solid rocket boosters and flow through parallel 7-foot-diameter pipes to the pad area. The Shuttle is targeted for launch no earlier than July 12 on mission STS-104, the 10th flight to the International Space Station. The payload on the 11-day mission is the Joint Airlock Module, which will allow astronauts and cosmonauts in residence on the Station to perform future spacewalks without the presence of a Space Shuttle. The module, which comprises a crew lock and an equipment lock, will be connected to the starboard (right) side of Node 1 Unity. Atlantis will also carry oxygen and nitrogen storage tanks, vital to operation of the Joint Airlock, on a Spacelab Logistics Double Pallet in the payload bay. The tanks, to be installed on the perimeter of the Joint Module during the mission’s spacewalks, will support future spacewalk operations and experiments plus augment the resupply system for the Station’s Service Module

Protecting Astronaut Health at First Entry into Vehicles Visiting the international Space Station: Insights from Whole-Module Offgas Testing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meyers, Valerie

2014-01-01

NASA has accumulated considerable experience in offgas testing of whole modules prior to their docking with the International Space Station (ISS). Since 1998, the Space Toxicology Office has performed offgas testing of the Lab module, both MPLM modules, US Airlock, Node 1, Node 2, Node 3, ATV1, HTV1, and three commercial vehicles. The goal of these tests is twofold: first, to protect the crew from adverse health effects of accumulated volatile pollutants when they first enter the module on orbit, and secondly, to determine the additional pollutant load that the ISS air revitalization systems must handle. In order to predict the amount of accumulated pollutants, the module is sealed for at least 1/5th the worst-case time interval that could occur between the last clean air purge and final hatch closure on the ground and the crew's first entry on orbit. This time can range from a few days to a few months. Typically, triplicate samples are taken at pre-planned times throughout the test. Samples are then analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, and the rate of accumulation of pollutants is then extrapolated over time. The analytical values are indexed against 7-day spacecraft maximum allowable concentrations (SMACs) to provide a prediction of the total toxicity value (T-value) at the time of first entry. This T-value and the toxicological effects of specific pollutants that contribute most to the overall toxicity are then used to guide first entry operations. Finally, results are compared to first entry samples collected on orbit to determine the predictive ability of the ground-based offgas test.

An Overview of Materials Structures for Extreme Environments Efforts for 2015 SBIR Phases I and II

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nguyen, Hung D.; Steele, Gynelle C.

2017-01-01

Technological innovation is the overall focus of NASA's Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program. The program invests in the development of innovative concepts and technologies to help NASA's mission directorates address critical research and development needs for Agency projects. This report highlights innovative SBIR 2015 Phase I and II projects that specifically address areas in Materials and Structures for Extreme Environments, one of six core competencies at NASA Glenn Research Center. Each article describes an innovation, defines its technical objective, and highlights NASA applications as well as commercial and industrial applications. Ten technologies are featured: metamaterials-inspired aerospace structures, metallic joining to advanced ceramic composites, multifunctional polyolefin matrix composite structures, integrated reacting fluid dynamics and predictive materials degradation models for propulsion system conditions, lightweight inflatable structural airlock (LISA), copolymer materials for fused deposition modeling 3-D printing of nonstandard plastics, Type II strained layer superlattice materials development for space-based focal plane array applications, hydrogenous polymer-regolith composites for radiation-shielding materials, a ceramic matrix composite environmental barrier coating durability model, and advanced composite truss printing for large solar array structures. This report serves as an opportunity for NASA engineers, researchers, program managers, and other personnel to learn about innovations in this technology area as well as possibilities for collaboration with innovative small businesses that could benefit NASA programs and projects.

The high pressure gas assembly is moved to the payload canister

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In the Operations and Checkout Building, an overhead crane moves the high pressure gas assembly -- two gaseous oxygen and two gaseous nitrogen storage tanks -- to the payload canister for transfer to orbiter Atlantis'''s payload bay. The tanks are part of the payload on mission STS- 104. They will be attached to the Joint Airlock Module, also part of the payload, during two spacewalks. The storage tanks will support future spacewalk operations from the Station and augment the Service Module gas resupply system. STS-104 is scheduled for launch June 14 from Launch Pad 39B.

EVA 4 activity on Flight Day 7 to service the Hubble Space Telescope

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-02-17

STS082-711-067 (11-21 Feb. 1997) --- Astronaut Gregory J. Harbaugh, mission specialist, floats horizontally in the cargo bay of the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Discovery, backdropped against its giant temporary passenger, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Harbaugh, sharing this space walking activity with astronaut Joseph R. Tanner (out of frame), is actually recognizable through his helmet visor in the 70mm frame. He is near the Second Axial Carrier (SAC), Axial Scientific Instrument Protection Enclosure (ASIPE). STS-82 marked the first flight of the exit airlock, partially visible at bottom edge of photo.

Archambault on Flight Deck (FD)

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-03-20

S119-E-006690 (20 March 2009) --- On the eve of his mission's second extravehicular activity, astronaut Lee Archambault finds himself temporarily back in the commander's seat aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery. With more than five days in space under its belt, the STS-119 crew has shuffled back and forth between the shuttle and the International Space Station as the home improvement project on the orbital outpost continues, including the successful initial spacewalk on March 19. Two astronauts from the STS-119 crew will leave through the station's airlock on March 21 to perform the second of three scheduled spacewalks.

iss050e059620

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-03-24

iss050e059620 (03/24/2017) --- Expedition 50 Commander Shane Kimbrough of NASA is seen floating into the Quest airlock at the conclusion of a spacewalk. Kimbrough and Flight Engineer Thomas Pesquet of ESA (European Space Agency) conducted a six hour and 34 minute spacewalk on March 24, 2017. The two astronauts successfully disconnected cables and electrical connections on the Pressurized Mating Adapter-3 to prepare for its robotic move, lubricated the latching end effector on the Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator “extension” for the Canadarm2 robotic arm, inspected a radiator valve and replaced cameras on the Japanese segment of the outpost.

iss050e059613

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-03-24

iss050e059613 (03/24/2017) --- Expedition 50 Commander Shane Kimbrough of NASA is seen floating into the Quest airlock at the conclusion of a spacewalk. Kimbrough and Flight Engineer Thomas Pesquet of ESA (European Space Agency) conducted a six hour and 34 minute spacewalk on March 24, 2017. The two astronauts successfully disconnected cables and electrical connections on the Pressurized Mating Adapter-3 to prepare for its robotic move, lubricated the latching end effector on the Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator “extension” for the Canadarm2 robotic arm, inspected a radiator valve and replaced cameras on the Japanese segment of the outpost.

STS-112 Crew Interviews: Melroy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

Pamela A. Melroy USAF Pilot, is seen during a prelaunch interview. She gives a brief overview of the STS-112 mission which is to install the S1 truss on the International Space Station. She also gives some specific details about the structural design of the S1 truss. Pamela Melroy is also the Internal EVA (IV) coordinator for this mission. She talks about her responsibilities as the IV which are to direct the spacewalkers back into the Airlock after the S1 is installed. A detailed description about the goals of EVA (2) and EVA (3) are also given by Melroy.

KSC-07pd2026

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-07-19

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 3, workers are ready to move a main bus switching unit into Discovery's payload bay. A main bus switching unit is used for power distribution, circuit protection and fault isolation on the space station's power system. The units route power to proper locations in the space station, such as from solar arrays through umbilicals into the U.S. Lab. The unit will be installed on the external stowage platform 2 attached to the Quest airlock for temporary storage. Discovery is targeted to launch mission STS-120 no earlier than Oct. 20. Photo credit: NASA/Jim Grossmann

KSC-07pd2028

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-07-19

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 3, workers check the placement of a main bus switching unit in Discovery's payload bay. A main bus switching unit is used for power distribution, circuit protection and fault isolation on the space station's power system. The units route power to proper locations in the space station, such as from solar arrays through umbilicals into the U.S. Lab. The unit will be installed on the external stowage platform 2 attached to the Quest airlock for temporary storage. Discovery is targeted to launch mission STS-120 no earlier than Oct. 20. Photo credit: NASA/Jim Grossmann

KSC-98pc1165

NASA Image and Video Library

1998-09-28

The orbiter Atlantis, being towed from the Shuttle Landing Facility, is reflected in waters from the Banana Creek next to the towway. The orbiter spent 10 months in Palmdale, CA, undergoing extensive inspections and modifications in the orbiter processing facility there. The modifications included several upgrades enabling it to support International Space Station missions, such as adding an external airlock for ISS docking missions and installing thinner, lighter thermal protection blankets for weight reduction which will allow it to haul heavier cargo. Atlantis will undergo preparations in the Orbiter Processing Facility at KSC for its planned flight in June 1999

STS-104 Crew Training Clips

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

The crewmembers of STS-104, Commander Steven Lindsey, Pilot Charles Hobaugh, and Mission Specialists Michael Gernhardt, James Reilly, and Janet Kavandi, are seen during various stages of their training. Footage shows the following: (1) Water Survival Training at the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL); (2) Rendezvous and Docking Training in the Shuttle Mission Simulator; (3) Training in the Space Station Airlock; (4) Training in the Virtual Reality Lab; (5) Post-insertion Operations in the Fixed Base Simulator; (6) Extravehicular Activity Training at the NBL; (7) Crew Stowage Training in the Space Station Mock-up Training Facility; and (8) Water Transfer Training in the Crew Compartment Trainer.

150 {mu}A 18F{sup -} target and beam port upgrade for the IBA 18/9 cyclotron

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stokely, M. H.; Peeples, J. L.; Poorman, M. C.

2012-12-19

A high power ({approx}3 kW) target platform has been developed for the IBA 18/9 cyclotron. New designs for the airlock, collimator and target subsystems have been fabricated and deployed. The primary project goal is reliable commercial production of 18F{sup -} at 150 {mu}A or greater, while secondary goals include improving serviceability and extending service intervals relative to OEM systems. Reliable operation in a production environment has been observed at beam currents up to 140 {mu}A. Challenges include ion source lifetime and localized peaking in the beam intensity distribution.

STS-42 crewmembers work in the IML-1 module located in OV-103's payload bay

NASA Image and Video Library

1992-01-30

STS042-201-009 (22-30 Jan 1992) --- Canadian Roberta L. Bondar, payload specialist representing the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), works at the International Microgravity Laboratory's (IML-1) biorack while astronaut Stephen S. Oswald, pilot, changes a film magazine on the IMAX camera. The two were joined by five fellow crew members for eight-days of scientific research aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery in Earth-orbit. Most of their on-duty time was spent in this IML-1 Science Module, positioned in the cargo bay and attached via a tunnel to Discovery's airlock.

Dust control research for SEI. [Space Exploration Initiative

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kennedy, Kriss J.; Harris, Jeffrey R.

1992-01-01

A study, at NASA Johnson Space Center, of dust control requirements for surface habitats has focused on identification of the dust problem, identifying dust control techniques and dust control technology areas requiring research development. This research was performed for the Surface Habitats and Construction (SHAC) technology area. Dust control consists of two problems: (1) how to keep it out of the habitat; and (2) once the habitat or airlock is contaminated with dust, how to collect it. This paper describes the dust environment, the Apollo experience and dust control methods used, future EVA operational considerations, and dust control concepts for surface habitats.

KSC-01pp1274

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-07-11

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Workers clean the mobile launcher platform on which sits Space Shuttle Atlantis. They are standing in front of one of two tail service masts on either side of the Shuttle, in front of each wing. The masts support the fluid, gas and electrical requirements of the orbiter’s liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen aft T-0 umbilicals. Launch on mission STS-104 is scheduled for 5:04 a.m. July 12. The launch is the 10th assembly flight to the International Space Station. Along with a crew of five, Atlantis will carry the joint airlock module as primary payload

STS-104 Atlantis on pad after RSS rollback

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Workers clean the mobile launcher platform on which sits Space Shuttle Atlantis. They are standing in front of one of two tail service masts on either side of the Shuttle, in front of each wing. The masts support the fluid, gas and electrical requirements of the orbiters liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen aft T-0 umbilicals. Launch on mission STS-104 is scheduled for 5:04 a.m. July 12. The launch is the 10th assembly flight to the International Space Station. Along with a crew of five, Atlantis will carry the joint airlock module as primary payload.

Japanese Experiment Module arrival

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-03-29

Several components for delivery to the International Space Station sit in test stands inside the Space Station Processing Facility highbay. To the right, from back to front, are the Japanese Experiment Module, the Raffaello multi-purpose logistics module, and the European Space Agency's Columbus scientific research module. To the left in front is the starboard truss segment S5. Behind it is the test stand that will hold the Experiment Logistics Module Pressurized Section for the Japanese Experiment Module. The logistics module is one of the components of the Japanese Experiment Module or JEM, also known as Kibo, which means "hope" in Japanese. Kibo comprises six components: two research facilities -- the Pressurized Module and Exposed Facility; a Logistics Module attached to each of them; a Remote Manipulator System; and an Inter-Orbit Communication System unit. Kibo also has a scientific airlock through which experiments are transferred and exposed to the external environment of space. Kibo is Japan's first human space facility and its primary contribution to the station. Kibo will enhance the unique research capabilities of the orbiting complex by providing an additional environment in which astronauts can conduct science experiments. The various components of JEM will be assembled in space over the course of three Space Shuttle missions. The first of those three missions, STS-123, will carry the Experiment Logistics Module Pressurized Section aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour, targeted for launch in 2007.

Failure Analysis Results and Corrective Actions Implemented for the Extravehicular Mobility Unit 3011 Water in the Helmet Mishap

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Steele, John; Metselaar, Carol; Peyton, Barbara; Rector, Tony; Rossato, Robert; Macias, Brian; Weigel, Dana; Holder, Don

2015-01-01

Water entered the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) helmet during extravehicular activity (EVA) no. 23 aboard the International Space Station on July 16, 2013, resulting in the termination of the EVA approximately 1 hour after it began. It was estimated that 1.5 liters of water had migrated up the ventilation loop into the helmet, adversely impacting the astronaut's hearing, vision, and verbal communication. Subsequent on-board testing and ground-based test, tear-down, and evaluation of the affected EMU hardware components determined that the proximate cause of the mishap was blockage of all water separator drum holes with a mixture of silica and silicates. The blockages caused a failure of the water separator degassing function, which resulted in EMU cooling water spilling into the ventilation loop, migrating around the circulating fan, and ultimately pushing into the helmet. The root cause of the failure was determined to be ground-processing shortcomings of the Airlock Cooling Loop Recovery (ALCLR) Ion Filter Beds, which led to various levels of contaminants being introduced into the filters before they left the ground. Those contaminants were thereafter introduced into the EMU hardware on-orbit during ALCLR scrubbing operations. This paper summarizes the failure analysis results along with identified process, hardware, and operational corrective actions that were implemented as a result of findings from this investigation.

Failure Analysis Results and Corrective Actions Implemented for the EMU 3011 Water in the Helmet Mishap

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Steele, John; Metselaar, Carol; Peyton, Barbara; Rector, Tony; Rossato, Robert; Macias, Brian; Weigel, Dana; Holder, Don

2015-01-01

During EVA (Extravehicular Activity) No. 23 aboard the ISS (International Space Station) on 07/16/2013 water entered the EMU (Extravehicular Mobility Unit) helmet resulting in the termination of the EVA (Extravehicular Activity) approximately 1-hour after it began. It was estimated that 1.5-L of water had migrated up the ventilation loop into the helmet, adversely impacting the astronauts hearing, vision and verbal communication. Subsequent on-board testing and ground-based TT and E (Test, Tear-down and Evaluation) of the affected EMU hardware components led to the determination that the proximate cause of the mishap was blockage of all water separator drum holes with a mixture of silica and silicates. The blockages caused a failure of the water separator function which resulted in EMU cooling water spilling into the ventilation loop, around the circulating fan, and ultimately pushing into the helmet. The root cause of the failure was determined to be ground-processing short-comings of the ALCLR (Airlock Cooling Loop Recovery) Ion Filter Beds which led to various levels of contaminants being introduced into the Filters before they left the ground. Those contaminants were thereafter introduced into the EMU hardware on-orbit during ALCLR scrubbing operations. This paper summarizes the failure analysis results along with identified process, hardware and operational corrective actions that were implemented as a result of findings from this investigation.

Pulmonary Toxicity Studies of Lunar Dusts in Rodents

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lam, C.-W.; James, J. T.; Taylor, L.; Zeidler-Erdely, P. C.; Castranova, V.

2009-01-01

NASA will build an outpost on the Moon for prolonged human habitation and research. The lunar surface is covered by a layer of fine, reactive dust. Astronauts on the Moon will go in and out of the base for various activities, and will inevitably bring some dust into the living quarters. Depressurizing the airlock so that astronauts can exit for outdoor activities could also bring dust inside the airlock to the habitable area. Concerned about the potential health effects on astronauts exposed to airborne lunar dust, NASA directed the JSC Toxicology Laboratory to determine the pulmonary toxicity of lunar dust. The toxicity data also will be needed by toxicologists to establish safe exposure limits for astronauts residing in the lunar habitat and by environmental engineers to design an appropriate dust mitigation strategy. We conducted a study to examine biomarkers of toxicity (inflammation and cytotoxicity) in lung lavage fluids from mice intrapharyngeally instilled with lunar dust samples; we also collected lung tissue from the mice for histopathological examination 3 months after the dust instillation. Reference dusts (TiO2 and quartz) having known toxicities and industrial exposure limits were studied in parallel with lunar dust so that the relative toxicity of lunar dust can be determined. A 6-month histopathology study has been planned. These instillation experiments will be followed by inhalation studies, which are more labor intensive and technologically difficult. The animal inhalation studies will be conducted first with an appropriate lunar dust simulant to ensure that the exposure techniques to be used with actual lunar dust will be successful. The results of these studies collectively will reveal the toxicological risk of exposures and enable us to establish exposure limits on lunar dust for astronauts living in the lunar habitat.

Space Suit Electrocardiographic Electrode Selection: Are commercial electrodes better than the old Apollo technology?

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Redmond, M.; Polk, J. D.; Hamilton, D.; Schuette, M.; Guttromson, J.; Guess, T.; Smith, B.

2005-01-01

The NASA Manned Space Program uses an electrocardiograph (ECG) system to monitor astronauts during extravehicular activity (EVA). This ECG system, called the Operational Bioinstrumentation System (OBS), was developed during the Apollo era. Throughout the Shuttle program these electrodes experienced failures during several EVAs performed from the Space Shuttle and International Space Station (ISS) airlocks. An attempt during Shuttle Flight STS-109 to replace the old electrodes with new commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) disposable electrodes proved unsuccessful. One assumption for failure of the STS-109 COTS electrodes was the expansion of trapped gases under the foam electrode pad, causing the electrode to be displaced from the skin. Given that our current electrodes provide insufficient reliability, a number of COTS ECG electrodes were tested at the NASA Altitude Manned Chamber Test Facility. Methods: OBS disposable electrodes were tested on human test subjects in an altitude chamber simulating an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) operating pressure of 4.3 psia with the following goals: (1) to confirm the root cause of the flight certified, disposable electrode failure during flight STS-109. (2) to identify an adequate COTS replacement electrode and determine if further modifications to the electrodes are required. (3) to evaluate the adhesion of each disposable electrode without preparation of the skin with isopropyl alcohol. Results: There were several electrodes that failed the pressure testing at 4.3psia, including the electrodes used during flight STS-109. Two electrodes functioned well throughout all testing and were selected for further testing in an EMU at altitude. A vent hole placed in all electrodes was also tested as a possible solution to prevent gas expansion from causing electrode failures. Conclusions: Two failure modes were identified: (1) foam-based porous electrodes entrapped air bubbles under the pad (2) poor adhesion caused some electrodes to fail

KSC-108-75P-0005

NASA Image and Video Library

1975-01-14

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – Model of docked Apollo and Soyuz spacecraft in the foreground and skylight in the Vehicle Assembly Building high bay frame the second stage of the Saturn 1B booster that will launch the United States ASTP mission as a crane raises it prior to its mating with the Saturn 1B first stage. Mating of the Saturn 1B first and second stages was completed this morning. The U. S. ASTP launch with mission commander Thomas Stafford, command module pilot Vance Brand and docking module pilot Donald Slayton is scheduled at 3:50 p.m. EDT July 15. The first international crewed spaceflight was a joint U.S.-U.S.S.R. rendezvous and docking mission. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, or ASTP, took its name from the spacecraft employed: the American Apollo and the Soviet Soyuz. The three-man Apollo crew lifted off from Kennedy Space Center aboard a Saturn IB rocket on July 15, 1975, to link up with the Soyuz that had launched a few hours earlier. A cylindrical docking module served as an airlock between the two spacecraft for transfer of the crew members. Photo credit: NASA

Assessment and Accommodation of Thermal Expansion of the Internal Active Thermal Control System Coolant During Launch to On-Orbit Activation of International Space Station Elements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Edwards, Darryl; Ungar, Eugene K.; Holt, James M.

2002-01-01

The International Space Station (ISS) employs an Internal Active Thermal Control System (IATCS) comprised of several single-phase water coolant loops. These coolant loops are distributed throughout the ISS pressurized elements. The primary element coolant loops (i.e. U.S. Laboratory module) contain a fluid accumulator to accomodate thermal expansion of the system. Other element coolant loops are parasitic (i.e. Airlock), have no accumulator, and require an alternative approach to insure that the system maximum design pressure (MDP) is not exceeded during the Launch to Activation (LTA) phase. During this time the element loops is a stand alone closed system. The solution approach for accomodating thermal expansion was affected by interactions of system components and their particular limitations. The mathematical solution approach was challenged by the presence of certain unknown or not readily obtainable physical and thermodynamic characteristics of some system components and processes. The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief description of a few of the solutions that evolved over time, a novel mathematical solution to eliminate some of the unknowns or derive the unknowns experimentally, and the testing and methods undertaken.

Assessment and Accommodation of Thermal Expansion of the Internal Active Thermal Control System Coolant During Launch to On-Orbit Activation of International Space Station Elements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Edwards, J. Darryl; Ungar, Eugene K.; Holt, James M.; Turner, Larry D. (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

The International Space Station (ISS) employs an Internal Active Thermal Control System (IATCS) comprised of several single-phase water coolant loops. These coolant loops are distributed throughout the ISS pressurized elements. The primary element coolant loops (i.e., US Laboratory module) contain a fluid accumulator to accommodate thermal expansion of the system. Other element coolant loops are parasitic (i.e., Airlock), have no accumulator, and require an alternative approach to insure that the system Maximum Design Pressure (MDP) is not exceeded during the Launch to Activation phase. During this time the element loop is a stand alone closed individual system. The solution approach for accommodating thermal expansion was affected by interactions of system components and their particular limitations. The mathematical solution approach was challenged by the presence of certain unknown or not readily obtainable physical and thermodynamic characteristics of some system components and processes. The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief description of a few of the solutions that evolved over time, a novel mathematical solution to eliminate some of the unknowns or derive the unknowns experimentally, and the testing and methods undertaken.

KSC-2012-1140

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-27

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- Workers position the environmentally controlled shipping container enclosing NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) in the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California. The spacecraft arrived at 7:52 a.m. PST after a cross-country trip from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., which began Jan. 24. The spacecraft will be offloaded into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After NuSTAR is removed from its shipping container, checkout and other processing activity will begin. The spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. After processing is completed, the rocket and spacecraft will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy x-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1139

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-27

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- Workers roll the environmentally controlled shipping container enclosing NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) through the door of the airlock of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California. The spacecraft arrived at 7:52 a.m. PST after a cross-country trip from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va., which began Jan. 24. The spacecraft will be offloaded into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After NuSTAR is removed from its shipping container, checkout and other processing activity will begin. The spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. After processing is completed, the rocket and spacecraft will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy x-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1145

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-27

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- A tractor-trailer delivers NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR), enclosed in an environmentally controlled shipping container, to processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California. The spacecraft arrived at 7:52 a.m. PST after a cross-country trip which began Jan. 24 from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va. The spacecraft will be removed from the shipping container in the airlock and transferred into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy x-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

KSC-2012-1149

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-27

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will carry NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) into space awaits integration with the spacecraft in the clean room of processing facility 1555 at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) in California. The spacecraft arrived at 7:52 a.m. PST after a cross-country trip which began Jan. 24 from Orbital Sciences' manufacturing plant in Dulles, Va. The spacecraft will be removed from the shipping container in the airlock and transferred into the processing hangar, joining the Pegasus XL rocket that is set to carry it to space. After checkout and other processing activities are complete, the spacecraft will be integrated with the Pegasus in mid-February and encapsulation in the vehicle fairing will follow. The rocket and spacecraft then will be flown on Orbital's L-1011 carrier aircraft to the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site at the Pacific Ocean's Kwajalein Atoll for launch in March. The high-energy x-ray telescope will conduct a census for black holes, map radioactive material in young supernovae remnants, and study the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physics around collapsed stars. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/nustar. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin, VAFB

Space Shuttle Projects

NASA Image and Video Library

1996-04-01

STS-79 was the fourth in a series of NASA docking missions to the Russian Mir Space Station, leading up to the construction and operation of the International Space Station (ISS). As the first flight of the Spacehab Double Module, STS-79 encompassed research, test and evaluation of ISS, as well as logistics resupply for the Mir Space Station. STS-79 was also the first NASA-Mir American crew member exchange mission, with John E. Blaha (NASA-Mir-3) replacing Shannon W. Lucid (NASA-Mir-2) aboard the Mir Space Station. The lettering of their names either up or down denotes transport up to the Mir Space Station or return to Earth on STS-79. The patch is in the shape of the Space Shuttle’s airlock hatch, symbolizing the gateway to international cooperation in space. The patch illustrates the historic cooperation between the United States and Russia in space. With the flags of Russia and the United States as a backdrop, the handshake of Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) which are suited crew members symbolizes mission teamwork, not only of the crew members but also the teamwork between both countries space personnel in science, engineering, medicine and logistics.

STS-79 Mission Insignia

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1996-01-01

STS-79 was the fourth in a series of NASA docking missions to the Russian Mir Space Station, leading up to the construction and operation of the International Space Station (ISS). As the first flight of the Spacehab Double Module, STS-79 encompassed research, test and evaluation of ISS, as well as logistics resupply for the Mir Space Station. STS-79 was also the first NASA-Mir American crew member exchange mission, with John E. Blaha (NASA-Mir-3) replacing Shannon W. Lucid (NASA-Mir-2) aboard the Mir Space Station. The lettering of their names either up or down denotes transport up to the Mir Space Station or return to Earth on STS-79. The patch is in the shape of the Space Shuttle's airlock hatch, symbolizing the gateway to international cooperation in space. The patch illustrates the historic cooperation between the United States and Russia in space. With the flags of Russia and the United States as a backdrop, the handshake of Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) which are suited crew members symbolizes mission teamwork, not only of the crew members but also the teamwork between both countries space personnel in science, engineering, medicine and logistics.

STS-98 U.S. Lab payload is moved to stand for weight determination

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In the Space Station Processing Facility, the 'key' to the U.S. Laboratory Destiny is officially handed over to NASA during a brief ceremony while workers look on. Suspended overhead is the laboratory, being moved to the Launch Package Integration Stand (LPIS) for a weight and center of gravity determination. Behind the workers at left is the Joint Airlock Module. Destiny is the payload aboard Space Shuttle Atlantis on mission STS-98 to the International Space Station. The lab is fitted with five system racks and will already have experiments installed inside for the flight. The launch is scheduled for January 2001.

13. INTERIOR VIEW OF HILLMAN FAN HOUSE LOOKING NORTHEAST This ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

13. INTERIOR VIEW OF HILLMAN FAN HOUSE LOOKING NORTHEAST This view, taken in the southern airway, shows the circular brick-work surrounding the air intake, the cast iron shaft support, and one of the 1883 Guibal fan cast iron spiders. Three cast iron spiders support the ten feet by eleven feet wooden paddles. Remnants of the catwalk with its screen grating lead to the inner door of the airlock. Note also the support beams and reinforced concrete roof. The concrete floor of the airway has deteriorated. - Dorrance Colliery Fan Complex, South side of Susquehanna River at Route 115 & Riechard Street, Wilkes-Barre, Luzerne County, PA

KSC-07pd2019

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-07-19

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 3, the main bus switching unit that is part of the payload on mission STS-120 is being prepared for inspection. A main bus switching unit is used for power distribution, circuit protection and fault isolation on the space station's power system. The units route power to proper locations in the space station, such as from solar arrays through umbilicals into the U.S. Lab. The unit will be installed on the external stowage platform 2 attached to the Quest airlock for temporary storage. Discovery is targeted to launch mission STS-120 no earlier than Oct. 20. Photo credit: NASA/Jim Grossmann

KSC-07pd2025

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-07-19

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 3, a crane lowers the main bus switching unit into Discovery's payload bay. The unit is part of the payload on mission STS-120.A main bus switching unit is used for power distribution, circuit protection and fault isolation on the space station's power system. The units route power to proper locations in the space station, such as from solar arrays through umbilicals into the U.S. Lab. The unit will be installed on the external stowage platform 2 attached to the Quest airlock for temporary storage. Discovery is targeted to launch mission STS-120 no earlier than Oct. 20. Photo credit: NASA/Jim Grossmann

KSC-07pd2016

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-07-19

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 3, a worker checks the cover on a main bus switching unit, part of the payload on mission STS-120. A main bus switching unit is used for power distribution, circuit protection and fault isolation on the space station's power system. The units route power to proper locations in the space station, such as from solar arrays through umbilicals into the U.S. Lab. The unit will be installed on the external stowage platform 2 attached to the Quest airlock for temporary storage. Discovery is targeted to launch mission STS-120 no earlier than Oct. 20. Photo credit: NASA/Jim Grossmann

KSC-07pd2027

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-07-19

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 3, with the help of a crane, workers check the placement of a main bus switching unit in Discovery's payload bay. A main bus switching unit is used for power distribution, circuit protection and fault isolation on the space station's power system. The units route power to proper locations in the space station, such as from solar arrays through umbilicals into the U.S. Lab. The unit will be installed on the external stowage platform 2 attached to the Quest airlock for temporary storage. Discovery is targeted to launch mission STS-120 no earlier than Oct. 20. Photo credit: NASA/Jim Grossmann

Bowen and Drew durring EVA 1

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-28

ISS026-E-030864 (28 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronauts Steve Bowen (foreground) and Alvin Drew, both STS-133 mission specialists, participate in the mission?s first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Bowen and Drew installed the J612 power extension cable, move a failed ammonia pump module to the External Stowage Platform 2 on the Quest Airlock for return to Earth at a later date, installed a camera wedge on the right hand truss segment, installed extensions to the mobile transporter rail and exposed the Japanese ?Message in a Bottle? experiment to space.

Drew during EVA-1

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-28

ISS026-E-030930 (28 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronaut Alvin Drew, STS-133 mission specialist, participates in the mission?s first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Drew and NASA astronaut Steve Bowen (out of frame), mission specialist, installed the J612 power extension cable, move a failed ammonia pump module to the External Stowage Platform 2 on the Quest Airlock for return to Earth at a later date, installed a camera wedge on the right hand truss segment, installed extensions to the mobile transporter rail and exposed the Japanese ?Message in a Bottle? experiment to space.

Drew during EVA-1

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-28

ISS026-E-030929 (28 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronaut Alvin Drew, STS-133 mission specialist, participates in the mission?s first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Drew and NASA astronaut Steve Bowen (out of frame), mission specialist, installed the J612 power extension cable, move a failed ammonia pump module to the External Stowage Platform 2 on the Quest Airlock for return to Earth at a later date, installed a camera wedge on the right hand truss segment, installed extensions to the mobile transporter rail and exposed the Japanese ?Message in a Bottle? experiment to space.

Bowen and Drew durring EVA 1

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-28

ISS026-E-030716 (28 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronauts Steve Bowen (foreground) and Alvin Drew, both STS-133 mission specialists, participate in the mission?s first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Bowen and Drew installed the J612 power extension cable, move a failed ammonia pump module to the External Stowage Platform 2 on the Quest Airlock for return to Earth at a later date, installed a camera wedge on the right hand truss segment, installed extensions to the mobile transporter rail and exposed the Japanese ?Message in a Bottle? experiment to space.

Bowen durring EVA 1

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-28

ISS026-E-030715 (28 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronauts Steve Bowen and Alvin Drew (mostly obscured at center right), both STS-133 mission specialists, participate in the mission?s first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Bowen and Drew installed the J612 power extension cable, move a failed ammonia pump module to the External Stowage Platform 2 on the Quest Airlock for return to Earth at a later date, installed a camera wedge on the right hand truss segment, installed extensions to the mobile transporter rail and exposed the Japanese ?Message in a Bottle? experiment to space.

Bowen and Drew durring EVA 1

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-28

ISS026-E-030869 (28 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronaut Steve Bowen, STS-133 mission specialist, participates in the mission?s first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Bowen and NASA astronaut Alvin Drew (out of frame), mission specialist, installed the J612 power extension cable, move a failed ammonia pump module to the External Stowage Platform 2 on the Quest Airlock for return to Earth at a later date, installed a camera wedge on the right hand truss segment, installed extensions to the mobile transporter rail and exposed the Japanese ?Message in a Bottle? experiment to space.

Bowen durring EVA 1

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-28

ISS026-E-030865 (28 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronauts Steve Bowen and Alvin Drew (mostly obscured at center right), both STS-133 mission specialists, participate in the mission?s first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Bowen and Drew installed the J612 power extension cable, move a failed ammonia pump module to the External Stowage Platform 2 on the Quest Airlock for return to Earth at a later date, installed a camera wedge on the right hand truss segment, installed extensions to the mobile transporter rail and exposed the Japanese ?Message in a Bottle? experiment to space.

Bowen and Drew durring EVA 1

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-28

ISS026-E-030710 (28 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronauts Steve Bowen and Alvin Drew (mostly obscured at center), both STS-133 mission specialists, participate in the mission?s first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Bowen and Drew installed the J612 power extension cable, move a failed ammonia pump module to the External Stowage Platform 2 on the Quest Airlock for return to Earth at a later date, installed a camera wedge on the right hand truss segment, installed extensions to the mobile transporter rail and exposed the Japanese ?Message in a Bottle? experiment to space.