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... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [License No. 05/05-0310] Aldine Capital Fund II, L.P.; Notice Seeking Exemption Under Section 312 of the Small Business Investment Act, Conflicts of Interest Notice is hereby given that Aldine Capital Fund II, L.P., 30 West Monroe Street, Suite 710, Chicago, IL 60603, a...
Independent School Administration.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Springer, E. Laurence
This book deals with the management of privately supported schools and offers guidelines on how these schools might be operated more effectively and economically. The discussions and conclusions are based on observations and data from case studies of independent school operations. The subjects discussed include the role and organization of…
Accounting for Independent Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sonenstein, Burton
The diversity of independent schools in size, function, and mode of operation has resulted in a considerable variety of accounting principles and practices. This lack of uniformity has tended to make understanding, evaluation, and comparison of independent schools' financial statements a difficult and sometimes impossible task. This manual has…
Abbasnejad, Feridoon; Shoja, Mohammadali M; Agutter, Paul S; Alakbarli, Farid; Loukas, Marios; Shokouhi, Ghaffar; Khalili, Majid; Tubbs, R Shane
2012-11-01
Following the Mongolian invasion of the Middle East in the thirteenth century, a regional power called the Ilkhanid emerged and was ruled by the heirs of Temujin from Mongolia. Embracing present-day Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, areas of Russia, Turkey, and Pakistan, and nearby Middle Eastern territories, the Ilkhanid state patronized medicine and various other professions. Centered in Tabriz (Tauris), a city in the northwest of present-day Iran, was a non-profit-making educational and medical complex founded by Grand Minister Rashid al-Din Fazlollah Hamadani. This paper reviews the literature regarding the rise and fall of the thirteenth century university and the Rabi Rashidi, emphasizing the structure of its medical school. The background training of Rashid al-Din and his keen interest in science turned this complex, Rabi Rashidi (literally meaning the Rashidi Quarters), into a cosmopolitan university that freely trained medical scholars nationally and internationally. The possibility that Rashid al-Din was inspired by university developments in Europe is discussed.
Marketing Handbook for Independent Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Boarding Schools, Boston, MA.
This publication is a resource to help independent schools attract more familites to their institutions and to increase the voluntary support by the larger community surrounding the school. The first chapter attempts to dispel misconceptions, define pertinent marketing terms, and relate their importance to independent schools. The rest of the book…
Conflict in Independent Catholic Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Guernsey, Dan; Barott, James
2008-01-01
Independent Catholic schools are a growing phenomenon in the Catholic Church in America. This article provides a contextualized account of the phenomenon by examining via a field observation the experience of two independent Catholic schools in two different dioceses. These schools were founded in conflict and beset by continued conflict to the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mirzaei, Khalil; Golestani, Sayyed Hashem; Vaezi, Sayyed Hossain
2016-01-01
This study was aimed at comparatively analyzing morals and democracy from John Dewey and Khawaja Nasir al-Din Tusi's viewpoint. It also sought the effect of the two philosophers' viewpoint about morals and democracy and behavioral reflections. The purpose of this study was also to become familiar with the effect of morals and democracy on…
Hiring and Retaining Great Independent School Teachers
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Balossi, Matt; Hernández, Natalie R.
2016-01-01
While numerous studies measure teacher effectiveness in public schools, there is little research on teacher quality among independent schools. In fact, the topic of teacher quality in public schools receives widespread media coverage, funding, and special interest. In order to better understand how independent schools describe high-quality…
Managing Headship Transitions in U.S. Independent Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kane, Pearl Rock; Barbaro, Justin
2016-01-01
Headship transitions in U.S. independent schools represent critical organizational events that affect multiple school constituencies, including faculty, staff, and students. With recent projections forecasting a high level of impending headship transitions in independent schools, this paper seeks to capture how second-year U.S. independent school…
Accounting for Independent Schools. Second Edition.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Association of Independent Schools, Boston, MA.
This is a thoroughly revised edition of the 1969 publication, "Accounting for Independent Schools," a guide that attempted to codify basic accounting principles and practices for specific application to independent schools. The focus of the second edition is more on refining practices than on initiating them, and more on extending the managerial…
The Independent School Trustee Handbook.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Parkman, Francis; Springer, E. Laurence
This handbook takes an up-to-date look at the complex issues of trusteeship and school governance. Although addressed to trustees of independent schools, it contains valuable insights and suggestions for all who serve on boards, in and out of education. The main topics covered are "Governing Boards,""The Board and the Head of the School," and…
A Heart as Big as Texas: Small-Town Roots Nurture a Houston Music Teacher's Success
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Moore, Patience
2011-01-01
Teaching music to nearly a thousand elementary students each week would make any educator break a sweat. But one would never know that from talking to MaryElla Neeley Stevens. After 30-plus years teaching K-4 music in the Aldine Independent School District of Houston, Texas, she still radiates positivity. Whether it's mentoring and training…
Black Studies in Independent Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Zitin, S. L.; And Others
This packet, prepared to give support and guidance to independent schools striving to develop courses and design curricula in Afro-American studies, presents sampling course descriptions from seven selected schools on black studies intended for junior high and senior high students and offers two statements on black literature. The booklet is…
Our 1% Problem: Independent Schools and the Income Gap
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bartels, Fred
2012-01-01
The subject of independent schools and inequality is rife with contradictions. In some ways, independent schools work to ameliorate inequities. In other ways, they reinforce and exacerbate them. Those in independent schools who work on social justice, equity, and diversity issues deal with these contradictions every day. Most believe, most of the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Trickett, Edison J.; And Others
1982-01-01
The normative environments of single-sex independent schools were found to be more academic, with greater task and competition orientation, than coeducational independent schools. Representative independent schools were compared to each other and to public schools with a discussion of learning involvement, function, purpose, and student and…
State of the Diversity Practice in Independent Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Torres, Amada
2015-01-01
During the spring of 2014, the National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS) commissioned Insightlink Communications, a market research firm, to conduct the second survey on the state of the diversity practice in independent schools. The goals of the study included defining the roles played by diversity practitioners, their functions, and…
The Culture of the Independent Progressive School
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kloss, Dean
2018-01-01
Even in this "Age of Data," independent progressive schools have shown a remarkable persistence in offering an alternative educational model. As Traditional Public Schools (TPS) become even more committed to a testing model of achievement, there are schools that continue to operate on identified progressive educational principles. This…
On Teacher Quality in Independent Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Balossi, Matt; Hernandez, Natalia R.
2016-01-01
Independent schools pride themselves on providing a unique educational experience for students, one that is robust and mission-driven and capitalizes on lower student-to-teacher ratios that allow for more personalized learning and high-quality teachers. Numerous studies measure teacher effectiveness in public schools, yet there is little research…
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Independent School Teacher Development Inventory
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Murray, John M.
2012-01-01
In this study the author examined the psychometrics of an instrument, the Independent School Teacher Development Inventory, designed to assess the professional learning opportunities in U.S. independent schools. The inventory was sent to 3,422 independent school administrators and of these, 2,474 returned completed surveys. Exploratory factor…
Strategic Planning for Independent Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stone, Susan C.
This manual is intended to serve independent schools beginning strategic planning methods. Chapter 1, "The Case for Strategic Planning," suggests replacing the term "long range planning" with the term "strategic planning," which emphasizes change. The strategic planning and policy development process begins with…
Cases in Partnership between Independent Schools and Universities
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Durnan, Vincent W.
2016-01-01
This study provides an in-depth look at six unique models of partnership between independent schools and a nearby college/university. The six cases include the University School of Nashville and Vanderbilt University; the Lab School and University of Chicago; the School at Columbia and Columbia University; the Boston University Academy and Boston…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
DeCuir-Gunby, Jessica T.; Martin, Pamela P.; Cooper, Shauna M.
2012-01-01
Although much research has focused on the public school experiences of African American students, few studies exist that explore their race-related experiences within an independent, private school context. Studies have suggested that, while private, independent schools may elevate the quality of African American students' education, many of these…
Similar Situations? Special Needs in Different Groups of Independent Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Magnússon, Gunnlaugur; Göransson, Kerstin; Nilholm, Claes
2015-01-01
This study explores differences between different groups of Swedish independent schools' work with pupils in need of special support (PNSS). Data comes from a total population study of independent schools. Data is analyzed using six categories of profile that may affect the special educational values at the schools, and therefore the situation for…
The New Marketing Handbook for Independent Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Boarding Schools, Boston, MA.
Planning coherent, relevant marketing strategies is crucial to the survival of independent education in the United States. This handbook was created for independent school marketers; principals; and development, publications, public relations, and admissions directors. It offers checklists, sidebars, callouts, and summaries that focus on…
Staffing Levels in the Dallas Independent School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Council of the Great City Schools, 2009
2009-01-01
The Board of Trustees of the Dallas Independent School District (DISD) asked the Council of the Great City Schools, the nation's primary coalition of large urban school systems, to examine the staffing levels of the school system and determine whether the numbers of staff members employed were appropriate for a district serving as many students as…
Independent Schools: Charitable Status, Public Benefit and UDI
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Palfreyman, David
2007-01-01
In England and Wales "independent schools" ("private schools" or, confusingly, "public schools") almost always have "charitable status". Hence, they are now subject to the new "public benefit" test imposed in the Charities Act 2006. There is much discussion as to whether this test will be a…
Career Guidance in Five English Independent Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hutchinson, Jo
2018-01-01
English independent schools are not required to follow government statutory guidance in a number of aspects including career education and guidance, and yet many are actively engaged in careers work and this has caught the attention of policymakers. State schools are subject to statutory guidance but, according to Ofsted and other authorities, the…
What Dead Schools Can Teach Us: Observations from the Independent School Cemetery
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McManus, Jim
2012-01-01
Why do so many independent schools fail? And what are the chief causes of death? When they can be performed, institutional "autopsies" are illuminating, but it should be noted that many schools disappear with few clues about their final undoing. However, when schools do leave paper trails that help understand the reasons for their…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Magnússon, Gunnlaugur
2016-01-01
An important argument for the introduction of school choice in Sweden, was that independent schools would be a source for innovation. But do independent schools follow traditional patterns of special education, or do they aim for alternative organisational solutions, approaching inclusive education? Here, results from a total population…
Binge Drinking and the Independent School Student
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Baggish, Rosemary; Wells, Peter
2013-01-01
When questioned about illegal, mood-altering substance use, 15,743 high school students surveyed in the last three years with the "Independent School Health Check" said alcohol is most commonly used. For the 30 days prior to filling out the survey, 33.9 percent of the students reported drinking, and 24.2 percent reported binge drinking…
Achievement Patterns of Students in an Elite, Male Independent School
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Trusty, Edward Maurice, Jr.
2009-01-01
There is an underlying assumption that regardless of student ethnicity, socio-economic status, or any other variable, elite, independent schools by mission and design are effective at producing successful students. This would cause some to conclude that all students enrolled in elite, independent schools perform similarly on all academic measures.…
Formulating Independent School K-12 Quality Physical Education Program Guidelines
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Currie, Stuart M.; Phillips, Michael B.; Jubenville, Colby B.
2012-01-01
The purpose of this study was to formulate Tennessee independent school K-12 quality physical education program guidelines. A panel of 18 physical education representatives from Tennessee independent schools K-12 participated in a three-phase Delphi study and completed three opinionnaires via e-mail. In Phase One, Opinionnaire One solicited panel…
Enacting the Independent Public Schools Program in Western Australia
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gobby, Brad
2013-01-01
The Independent Public Schools (IPS) program began to be implemented in some Western Australian schools in 2010. The IPS program devolves a number of responsibilities to principals and is part of the political objective of removing the constraints of the education bureaucracy by fostering school level decision-making, problem-solving and…
Baylor University and Midway Independent School District: An Exemplary Partnership
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McCall, Madelon; Howell, Leanne; Rogers, Rachelle; Osborne, Lisa; Goree, Krystal; Merritt, Brent; Cox, Herb; Fischer, Jay; Gardner, Paula; Gasaway, Jeff
2017-01-01
The National Association of Professional Development Schools recognized the partnership between Baylor University and Midway Independent School District as one of three partnerships to receive the 2017 Award for Exemplary Professional Development School Achievement. This Professional Development School partnership began in 2009 and places the…
The Independent School Financial Model--Is It Sustainable?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lourie, David
2016-01-01
Almost seven years removed, the Great Recession still looms large in the minds of independent school trustees and administrators. While not producing many positives in the lives of our schools and the nation's economy, it did instigate important and long overdue questions and discussions about the long-term sustainability of the so-called…
A Social Cognitive Investigation of Australian Independent School Boards as Teams
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Krishnan, Aparna; Barnett, Kerry; McCormick, John; Newcombe, Geoffrey
2016-01-01
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate independent school Boards as teams using a social cognitive perspective. Specifically, the study investigated Board processes and the nature of relationships between Board member self-efficacy, Board collective efficacy and performance of independent school Boards in New South Wales, Australia.…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Jackson, Carolyn; Bisset, Moray
2005-01-01
This paper explores factors influencing parents' choices of single-sex or co-educational schools in the independent sector. In doing so, it explores two relatively under-researched aspects of school choice by focusing upon gender and upon the middle classes. The paper draws upon research conducted in three independent schools--a boys' school, a…
Independent Evaluation of Middle School-Based Drug Prevention Curricula: A Systematic Review.
Flynn, Anna B; Falco, Mathea; Hocini, Sophia
2015-11-01
Lack of robust program evaluation has hindered the effectiveness of school-based drug abuse prevention curricula overall. Independently evaluated randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of universal, middle school-based drug abuse prevention curricula are the most useful indicators of whether such programs are effective or ineffective. To conduct a systematic review identifying independently evaluated RCTs of universal, middle school-based drug abuse prevention curricula; extract data on study quality and substance use outcomes; and assess evidence of program effectiveness. PsycInfo, Educational Resources Information Center, Science Citation Index, Social Science Citation Index, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched between January 1, 1984, and March 15, 2015. Search terms included variations of drug, alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use, as well as school, prevention, and effectiveness. Studies included in the review were RCTs carried out by independent evaluators of universal school-based drug prevention curricula available for dissemination in the United States that reported alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, or other drug use outcomes. Two researchers extracted data on study quality and outcomes independently using a data extraction form and met to resolve disagreements. A total of 5071 publications were reviewed, with 13 articles meeting final inclusion criteria. Of the 13 articles, 6 RCTs of 4 distinct school-based curricula were identified for inclusion. Outcomes were reported for 42 single-drug measures in the independent RCTs, with just 3 presenting statistically significant (P < .05) differences between the intervention group and the control group. One program revealed statistically significant positive effects at final follow-up (Lions-Quest Skills for Adolescence). The results of our review demonstrate the dearth of independent research that appropriately
Vermont Independent School Youth Needs Assessment Project. Final Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Vermont State Department of Education, 2004
2004-01-01
This report contains information based on 47 interviews with administrators and educators from technical centers, approved and recognized independent schools, recognized schools, state operated facilities, state approved programs, and state approved tutorials in Vermont. The information in this report is based on self-reporting by individual…
The Process of Curriculum Development and the Use of Assessments in Independent Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Young, JoAnn P.
2012-01-01
This qualitative study was designed to examine and identify the site-based process that two elementary, independent schools, accredited by the Southern Association of Independent Schools use for curriculum and instructional development. Also, the study examined and identified the development and use of assessments to support each school's…
Applying to Higher Education: Comparisons of Independent and State Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dunne, Máiréad; King, Russell; Ahrens, Jill
2014-01-01
This paper reports on research into the ways that schools engage in university application processes. Questionnaire and interview data were collected from 1400 Year 13 students from 18 independent and state schools in England and 15 in-depth interviews were carried out with school teacher higher education (HE) advisors. The analysis compares…
African American Enrollment in Independent Schools, 1988-89. Research Notes on Education. No. 6.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Institute for Independent Education, Inc., Washington, DC.
This report discusses the enrollment of African-American students in independent neighborhood schools across the country. Students in these schools constitute the second largest group of African-Americans outside the nation's public school systems. Over 52,000 African-American students are enrolled in independent schools. Data for African-American…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Waslander, Sietske
2010-01-01
When looking at independent schools, the Netherlands is often mentioned as a prime example of school autonomy. Rooted in the constitution, the Dutch education system is build upon a combination of public funding and private operation. After almost a century of independent schools, the Dutch Government adopted a law recently which enables…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Valentine, Stephen J.
2011-01-01
In this article, the author suggests that a successful independent school career, especially in an increasingly professionalized environment, follows the model of the best teachers he knew at the start of his career. They did not walk around looking for "either/or" solutions. Instead, they adopted a "both/and" stance. They taught students and…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nelson, Joseph Derrick; Maloney, Tanya; Hodges, Zachary
2017-01-01
Authored by a university researcher, school practitioner, and high school student, this article examines how independent schools can utilize participatory action research (PAR) to bolster diversity and inclusion efforts. A case study approach was taken to showcase a two-year PAR project at a progressive independent school that sought to: (a)…
The Next Marketing Handbook for Independent Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cowan, Rick, Ed.
Suggestions for marketing independent schools are presented in this handbook, which revolves around the basic marketing model of defining mission/strategy, using the "5 P's" (product/services, price, place, production/delivery, promotion) and monitoring. Chapters by 18 contributors offer information on the following topics: basic marketing theory,…
Educational Specifications, New Caney Independent School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Houston Univ., TX. Bureau of Educational Research and Services.
A year-long study of the communities encompassed by the New Caney Independent School District in Montgomery County, Texas, was conducted by the College of Education at the University of Houston. Educational facilities and program were surveyed. Planning data included--description of district, land usage, pupil residence, population density and…
Business Management for Independent Schools. Fourth Edition.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Association of Independent Schools, Boston, MA.
This fourth edition of a guide for independent school business managers has been produced in looseleaf format so that changes may be made promptly as decisions of regulatory bodies require modifications in current practice. Fourteen chapters are organized under three broad topic headings. Chapters in part 1, Accounting and Financial Reporting,…
Brazosport Independent School District Community Survey Summary.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Brazosport Independent School District, Freeport, TX.
Results of a 1980-81 survey of the perception of the Brazosport (Freeport, Texas) community regarding the Brazosport Independent School District (BISD) are summarized. The survey instrument consisted of: (1) a cover letter from the superintendent; (2) Part I--a series of multiple-choice questions on various education issues in Brazosport; (3) Part…
Cooking for Independence: Middle School Students Gain Skills While Cooking
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mixon, Gloria
2011-01-01
Middle school students with intellectual disabilities often have difficulties achieving independence with instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs); therefore, these skills must be taught in school. IADLs are a complex component of skills that require a higher level of cognitive reasoning such as community mobility, shopping, meal…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Marshall, Miguel G.; Allegrante, John P.
2017-01-01
Background: Although the 8 components of the coordinated school health (CSH) framework have been implemented to various degrees in the nation's public schools, principles of good practice (PGPs) to guide health promotion efforts in independent schools do not exist. The purpose of this study was to generate PGPs and rate their feasibility of…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Francis, Leslie J.; ap Siôn, Tania; Village, Andrew
2014-01-01
From the late 1960s independent Christian schools have emerged in England and Wales, initiated either by churches or by parents. Many of these new independent schools are linked through the Christian Schools Trust. The impact that these schools are exerting on their students may be of interest for the churches with which they are associated and of…
The Colors of Excellence: Hiring and Keeping Teachers of Color in Independent Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kane, Pearl Rock, Ed.; Orsini, Alfonso J., Ed.
Featuring the findings of a 5-year study on independent schools as well as stories by teachers and students of color, this book offers testimony by independent school faculty of color, including the individual stories of African American, Chinese American, Native American, Cuban American, and Hispanic American educators. It discusses how important…
Transformational Leaders Wanted: Dallas Independent School District's Aspiring Principals Program
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Parvin, Jennifer Lee
2012-01-01
The purpose of this research was to explore and describe the development, implementation, and impact of the Dallas Independent School District's (ISD) Aspiring Principals Program. This study of principal preparation has relevance as a K-16 issue for two primary reasons. First, K-12 schools are focused on graduating students who are college and…
The Audio-Visual Marketing Handbook for Independent Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Griffith, Tom
This how-to booklet offers specific advice on producing video or slide/tape programs for marketing independent schools. Five chapters present guidelines for various stages in the process: (1) Audio-Visual Marketing in Context (aesthetics and economics of audiovisual marketing); (2) A Question of Identity (identifying the audience and deciding on…
Independent School Leadership: Heads, Boards, and Strategic Thinking
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Baker, Troy; Campbell, Stephen; Ostroff, David
2016-01-01
This study seeks to identify and assess factors that contribute to effective independent school governance at the board of trustees level. A review of extant literature reveals two major challenges: (a) definitions and standards of board effectiveness are inconsistent, and (b) there is very little empirical evidence to support existing definitions…
NAIS/NACUBO Endowment Study for Independent Schools: 1991.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Association of College and University Business Officers, Washington, DC.
This report presents the findings of a study of the performance and management of endowments of independent schools and of colleges and universities. A preliminary section offers information on the data collection process and describes several definitions and formula used in the analysis. Much of the report is taken up with exhibits and figures…
Women and Leadership: A Study of Issues in Independent Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Scott, Jan A.
As of May 1997, 28.8 percent of the heads of schools in the National Association of Independent Schools were female. The number grew .8 percent during the previous year and has grown at a rate of 1 percent a year for the past 10 years. This document reports the findings of a research project that explored reasons for the dearth of women heads of…
Award-Winning Community Service Programs in Independent Schools. Revised 1991-92 Edition.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sands, Catherine D., Ed.; Gorman, Michael J., Ed.
For nearly a decade, the Council for Religion in Independent Schools has honored schools with superior community service programs. The purpose of these annual awards is to stimulate the growth of such programs, to inform other schools of notable policies and practices, and to recognize excellence in moral consciousness and spirituality. A panel of…
Comprehensive Profile of the San Antonio Independent School District, 1984-1985.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
San Antonio Independent School District, TX.
This report is a collection of statistical data about the San Antonio (Texas) Independent School District. Perspectives are presented at two different levels. First, information from the 1984-85 school year is displayed. Second, trends from past years are presented using five or ten year groupings, depending on information availability. Most…
Gendering/ed Research Spaces: Insights from a Study of Independent Schooling
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Forbes, Joan; Weiner, Gaby
2013-01-01
This paper draws on a research study into multiple capitals in independent schooling in Scotland. We examine gender discourses and practices in the specific inter/institutional space created within school and research group relations. A three-level conceptual framing of physical, social and intellectual space is used together with theorizations of…
Catching Up: Gender Values at a Canadian Independent School for Girls, 1978-93.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Heyward, Candace B.
1995-01-01
Examines the 15-year transformation in gender values at a Canadian independent school for girls and their effect on the students and the school structures. Gender-stereotyped, outside-world realities are still influencing the school environment and students' thinking. The author believes single-sex schools for girls are an important antidote to…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Juhel, Jean-Marc
2016-01-01
This article presents the findings of a qualitative study conducted in 2014 with 16 experienced heads of school in the New York metropolitan area. The study was designed to better understand the skills and practices that they view as critical to leading and managing independent schools. The data collected speak to each head's ability to manage the…
Computer Use and Factors Related to Computer Use in Large Independent Secondary School Libraries.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Currier, Heidi F.
Survey results about the use of computers in independent secondary school libraries are reported, and factors related to the presence of computers are identified. Data are from 104 librarians responding to a questionnaire sent to a sample of 136 large (over 400 students) independent secondary schools. Data are analyzed descriptively to show the…
Evaluation Report of the Harlandale Independent School District's Bilingual Education Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Harrison, Helene W.
The 1973 report evaluates the Bilingual Education Program of Harlandale Independent School District. The bilingual program is designed for Spanish speaking pupils in grades K-5 (1,517 children in 8 of the district's 15 elementary schools) who have limited English-speaking ability. The 1972-73 project involved (1) development and revision of…
Headteacher Career Paths in UK Independent Secondary Coeducational Schools: Gender Issues
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McLay, Margaret
2008-01-01
This article presents evidence of the similarities and differences in the career paths of men and women who have achieved headships in UK independent coeducational schools. The research comprised a pilot study of interviews with nine female headteachers and a questionnaire sent to male and female heads of coeducational secondary schools. It…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Palmieri, James R.
2014-01-01
For a multitude of reasons, the founding of an independent school in the modern-day United States is an extremely challenging undertaking. The list of essentials necessary to envision, prepare, open, and operate a functioning school are endless, yet school founders are driven to do so out of a commitment to and passion for a particular school…
Single-Sex Mathematics Instruction in an Urban Independent School.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Seitsinger, Anne M.; Barboza, Helen C.; Hird, Anne
An urban independent middle school grouped its 63 sixth and seventh graders into single-sex mathematics classes (SSMC) to improve girls' achievement in mathematics (AIM) and attitudes toward mathematics (ATM) with no negative impact on boys. Researchers analyzed AIM, ATM, and interactions/instruction. AIM measures included Metropolitan Achievement…
Independent School Teachers' Perceptions of Supervision and Evaluation
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Graybeal, Anne E.
2017-01-01
This dissertation addressed the teacher supervision process in one independent school in the United States. It explored teachers' approaches to giving and receiving feedback, their perceptions of students' motivation for learning versus their own, and the significance of their professional identities as teachers. The study was motivated by three…
Doors Open: How Independent Schools Can Improve through Encouraging a Culture of Collaboration
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wiggins, Alexis
2011-01-01
In this article, the author shares her experience teaching in international schools where she has worked in dynamic and collaborative cultures. The international school culture that she knew was one that valued collaboration, transparency, and equitability. The independent school culture is also one that values faculty's knowledge and passion in…
When Mission and Market Forces Intersect: How Independent Schools Navigated Economic Uncertainty
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gilmore, Barry; Rush, Matthew J.
2013-01-01
Nationwide, the Great Recession arrived as independent schools entered various stages of strategic planning, building projects, fund-raising drives, enrollment efforts, and programmatic reforms--and all schools needed to consider how best to proceed. In order to understand the actual effects of the economic downturn, the authors undertook a…
Internet and Independent E-Learning of School Age Children in Thailand (One Study)
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Quigley, Donna
2011-01-01
Schools generally have been unable to keep up with the rapid technical changes in modern society. As a result, primary school age children worldwide are becoming self-taught independent e-learners and the gap between what they know and are able to do exceeds the learning outcomes for their schools' ICT (information communication technology)…
Independent Study in High School Chemistry: A Progress Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
DeRose, James V.
This is a progress report of an independent study program in chemistry at a senior high school. Currently in its fourth year of operation, the program is designed to provide students with individualized, self-paced instruction in college-preparatory chemistry. The author discusses the rationale for the program, the initial phases, the problems…
Minimum Competency Testing In the Dallas Independent School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Montgomery, Patricia A.; Arrasmith, Dean G.
The development and implementation of the Dallas Independent School District's Basic Objectives Assessment Test (BOAT) are described. Beginning in 1979, this minimum competency test was administered system-wide to all students in grades 8-12 (except for those enrolled as special education students), and beginning in 1983 it will be used in…
Evaluation Report of the San Marcos Independent School District's Bilingual Education Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Harrison, Helene W.
The San Marcos Independent School District's Bilingual Education Program for 1972-73 was evaluated in this report. The program consisted of 684 students in grades K-5 in 4 elementary schools. The majority of these students were Mexican American with only 18% monolingual English speakers. The program's objectives were, first, to provide bilingual…
A Case Study in Change and Conflict: The Dallas Independent School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Williams, Joyce E.; Garza, Lisa
2006-01-01
This research is a case study of change and racial/ethnic conflict in the Dallas, Texas, Independent School District (DISD). Data are drawn from observations of monthly meetings of the school board. The focus is on communication as cultural projection among African American and Mexican American delegations at meetings and on the reactions evoked…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
White, Margaret; Kuehn, Larry
2015-01-01
This report describes the methodology used by the Ministry of Education to calculate per Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) student funding for independent schools and discusses the underlying inequities when the public school funding formula is applied to funding for private schools. Vancouver school district is provided as a case example to work through…
Inner-City Independent Schools Educators' Job Satisfaction and Their Motivation to Quit
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Maforah, Tsholofelo Paulinah
2015-01-01
This study aims to investigate the levels of job satisfaction of educators in the inner-city independent schools of Johannesburg and their motivation for leaving their jobs. A quantitative method was used for the study. A questionnaire was distributed to 100 educators from five schools that were randomly selected from a sample of twenty inner-city…
Prediction of Residential Independence of Special Education High School Students.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Heal, Laird W.; Rusch, Frank
1994-01-01
The residential independence of students with disabilities who had exited high school was assessed, using data from 2,686 interviewees in the National Longitudinal Transition Study. Individual characteristics, such as intelligence, living skills, and bad conduct records, were better predictors of postschool living arrangement status than were…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Storrs, Elizabeth
2012-01-01
Independent professional schools were a significant part of higher education in the United States until the rise of universities at the beginning of the 20th century. In the 21st century, the overwhelming majority of professional schools are indeed affiliated with universities; however there are a growing number of professional schools in variety…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gow, Peter
2012-01-01
The inkling was there all along. Back in 2005, in "A Whole New Mind," author Daniel Pink included design--"utility enhanced by significance"--as an essential aptitude for the 21st-century learner. Some attentive independent school educators began looking around. If forward-thinking independent schools are to produce new minds, they maintained,…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
O'Brien, Niamh; Munn-Giddings, Carol; Moules, Tina
2018-01-01
This article reports on the complex web experienced by young people when making decisions to report bullying in school. The study was conducted in the secondary school of an independent day and boarding school in the east of England. A Participatory Action Research approach was used with student voice and perspective at its core. This study…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rotova, Natalia Alexandrovna
2018-01-01
The necessity to develop independence among future primary school teachers during the process of studying in higher education institutions is substantiated. The essentials of independence notion are disclosed as efforts of students aimed at reaching the goals single-handedly. The results of the ascertaining experiment on defining the level of…
Handbook for New Heads. An Introduction to Independent School Administration.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Strong, Dexter K.
Those either contemplating or committed to heading an independent school are provided some guidance in this handbook. For both, the hazards, demands, and responsibilities of the job are presented in detail. Advice is offered about areas to explore when considering an appointment; and planning strategy and tactics after accepting the position that…
Texas Assessment of Basic Skills (TABS). Austin Independent School District. Final Report, 1985.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Defino, Maria E.
This report presents the Austin (Texas) Independent School District's 1985 test results on the Texas Assessment of Basic Skills (TABS). It was administered to all third, fifth, and ninth grade students and to high school students not meeting ninth grade state-set mastery criteria, the minimum competency requirement for graduation. Results are…
Exploring Enrollment Management for an Independent, Faith-Based, Secondary School: A Case Study
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McMaster, Jason Andrew
2017-01-01
This single site case study looked specifically at the foundation and the structure of an independent school in California with respect to how it managed its enrollment and retention rates. For context, the institution being studied utilized a high-tuition strategy combined with a strong financial aid program. In 2012, the school peaked in its…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gobby, Brad
2016-01-01
The Australian Federal and state governments have been introducing neoliberal reforms to the governance of their education systems for a number of decades. One of the most recent programs of reform is the Western Australian Independent Public Schools (IPS) initiative. Similar to decentralizing reforms around the world, the IPS program seeks…
Factors Affecting Student Retention at One Independent School in the Southwest
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ahlstrom, Dan Roger
2013-01-01
This mixed-methods case study determined the factors and examined the issues associated with student retention at a faith-based independent day school in southwestern United States of America. The data included online surveys, personal interviews, collection of archival information, and the researcher's extensive field notes. Surveys (530) were…
Build Bridge Believe: Houston Independent School District 2012-2013 Annual Report
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Houston Independent School District, 2013
2013-01-01
This report provides standard facts and figures about the Houston Independent School District's (HISD) finances, student populations, achievements, and more. HISD has humanized that data, as well, with vignettes and profiles that typify the remarkable programs and individuals in the district. One of the three drivers to achieve the vision of…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Witte, John F.; Wolf, Patrick J.; Dean, Alicia; Carlson, Deven
2010-01-01
The general purpose of this evaluation is to assess the effectiveness of independent charter schools in promoting two desirable student outcomes: student achievement growth and educational attainment. Independent charter schools are authorized by non-district entities and are considered "independent" because they are not a part of the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Blanton, Anthony Shane
2017-01-01
The Mississippi Association of Independent Schools was born out of the turbulent years of the Civil Rights Era. "Plessy v. Ferguson" in 1896 had established the doctrine of separate but equal facilities, including schools. While the decision in "Brown v. Board of Education," handed down by the Supreme Court in 1954, ruled that…
Liberty, Kathleen A; Pattemore, Philip; Reid, James; Tarren-Sweeney, Michael
2010-12-01
Concerns about the achievement of children with asthma and respiratory conditions are especially important in New Zealand, which has one of the world's highest rates of childhood asthma. The present study evaluated whether entering school with asthma was associated with low achievement after the first year. A child cohort was recruited to a prospective study at time of first enrollment into randomly selected schools in Christchurch. Parent interviews covered demographics and respiratory status. Physician reports were sought for children with asthma, and all respiratory information was clinically reviewed. The children's achievement in reading and math was individually assessed at school entry and reassessed after 12 months. Schools reported absences. Intelligence subtests were administered. Two hundred ninety-eight children were recruited, including 55 (18.5%) with current asthma. At 1-year follow-up, retention was 93.7%. Children who entered school with asthma were more likely to be ≥ 6 months behind other participants in reading words (P = .023) and books (P = .026), but not in math (P = .167) at the end of the first year of school. Achievement was not related to asthma severity. Entering school with asthma reliably predicted low reading achievement independent of other known covariates of low achievement (high absenteeism, minority status, male gender, single-parent family, poor academic skills at school entry, and low socioeconomic status). Entering school with asthma was a significant predictor of low achievement in reading at 12-month follow-up, independent of asthma severity, high absenteeism, or other covariates of low achievement.
Cary Potter on Independent Education
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Potter, Cary
1978-01-01
Cary Potter was President of the National Association of Independent Schools from 1964-1978. As he leaves NAIS he gives his views on education, on independence, on the independent school, on public responsibility, on choice in a free society, on educational change, and on the need for collective action by independent schools. (Author/RK)
Tapping on the Glass: The Intersection of Leadership and Gender in Independent School Administration
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ostos, Barbara Escobio
2012-01-01
While independent schools are a small sector of the American school system, they educate a significant cross section of society. Creating equitable models of leadership in their top administrative positions is important as students see those models and equate them with what leaders look and act like. This study examined leadership styles of heads…
Technology Integration in EFL Classrooms: A Study of Qatari Independent Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chaaban, Youmen; Ellili-Cherif, Maha
2017-01-01
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of teachers' individual characteristics and perceptions of environmental factors on the extent of technology integration into EFL (English as a Foreign Language) classrooms. To this end, a national survey examining EFL teachers' perceptions was conducted at Qatari Independent Schools. A total of…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McKibben, Stephen
2013-01-01
In this analysis of practice, I conduct a combination formative and summative program evaluation of an initiative introduced to serve gifted learners at The Ocean School (TOS), an independent, Pre-K-grade 8 day school located in a rural area of the West Coast. Using the best practices as articulated by the National Association of Gifted Children…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Turner, Richard; Matthews, Graham; Ashcroft, Linda; Farrow, Janet
2007-01-01
This paper investigates aspects of the management of independent secondary school libraries in England and Wales. It is based on a survey of 150 independent school library managers, with a response rate of 68.7 percent, which was carried out as part of an ongoing PhD research project. The paper considers a range of issues important to school…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Marks, Gary N.
2017-01-01
Critics of Catholic and independent (nongovernment) schools in Australia contend that the higher levels of performance of students in nongovernment schools can be dismissed as simply a function of student- and especially school-level socioeconomic status (school-SES). A recent article extends this critique to school-sector differences in students'…
Integrated Language and Content Instruction in Qatar Independent Schools: Teachers' Perspectives
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ellili-Cherif, Maha
2014-01-01
The aim of this study is to explore teachers' attitudes towards the shift to English as a medium of instruction in Qatari Independent schools. It focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of this approach for teachers and students, and the challenges they face in the process of its implementation. Data for the study were collected by means of a…
Participants in School-Sponsored and Independent Sports: Perceptions of Self and Family.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Browne, Beverly A.; Francis, Sally K.
1993-01-01
Examined perceptions of social competence and family dynamics among adolescent participants in school-sponsored and independent sports (baseball and skateboarding). Findings from 271 adolescents revealed that perceptions of social competence were differentially related to degree of sports involvement and perceived skill but were not related to…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Yudof, Mark G.; Morgan, Daniel C.
1974-01-01
An historical account is given of movements toward educational finance reform in Texas, culminating in the Rodriquez v. San Antonio Independent School District case and its aftermath. The role of political pressures applied by various interest groups is traced and the prospects for future reform assessed. (EH)
2012-01-01
Background The declining prevalence of Active School Transportation (AST) has been accompanied by a decrease in independent mobility internationally. The objective of this study was to compare family demographics and AST related perceptions of parents who let their children walk unescorted to/from school to those parents who escort (walk and drive) their children to/from school. By comparing these groups, insight was gained into how we may encourage greater AST and independent mobility in youth living in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area, Canada. Methods This study involved a cross-sectional design, using data from a self-reported questionnaire (n =1,016) that examined parental perceptions and attitudes regarding AST. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to explore the differences between households where children travelled independently to school or were escorted. Results Findings revealed that unescorted children were: significantly older, the families spoke predominantly English at home, more likely to live within one kilometer from school, and their parents agreed to a greater extent that they chose to reside in the current neighborhood in order for their child to walk to/from school. The parents of the escorted children worried significantly more about strangers and bullies approaching their child as well as the traffic volume around school. Conclusions From both a policy and research perspective, this study highlights the value of distinguishing between mode (i.e., walking or driving) and travel independence. For policy, our findings highlight the need for planning decisions about the siting of elementary schools to include considerations of the impact of catchment size on how children get to/from school. Given the importance of age, distance, and safety issues as significant correlates of independent mobility, research and practice should focus on the development and sustainability of non-infrastructure programs that alleviate parental
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pegrum, Mark; Oakley, Grace; Faulkner, Robert
2013-01-01
This paper reports on the adoption of mobile handheld technologies in ten Western Australian independent schools, based on interviews with staff conducted in 2011. iPads were the most popular device, followed by iPod Touches and iPhones. Class sets were common at lower levels, with 1:1 models becoming increasingly common at higher levels. Mobile…
Every Day We're Shufflin': Empowering Students during In-School Independent Reading
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hall, Katrina W.; Hedrick, Wanda B.; Williams, Lunetta M.
2014-01-01
Research in the field of literacy has identified choice as a key component affecting students' reading habits and their resulting literacy growth. This article discusses an in-school independent reading project in which students are provided the freedom to choose books, use ambient music, and engage in book talks. The children showed increased…
"I Just Want to Teach": Queensland Independent School Teachers and Their Workload
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Timms, Carolyn; Graham, Deborah; Cottrell, David
2007-01-01
Purpose: The present study seeks to elucidate observed mismatches with workload in teacher respondents to a survey exploring aspects of the work environment. Design/methodology/approach: This phase of the study constituted a pen and paper survey of 298 currently serving teachers in independent schools in Queensland, Australia. Measures used in the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cambridge, David
2012-01-01
For independent secondary schools who offer rigorous curriculum to attract students, integration of quantitative skills in the science courses has become an important definition of rigor. However, there is little research examining students' quantitative skills in relation to high school science performance within the single-sex independent school…
The Independent School Financial Model Is Broken: Here's How We Fix It
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Farber, John S.
2012-01-01
All of those who work in independent schools have read a variety of material regarding strategies to improve their financial model. But as the author sees it, in the current economic conditions, there are really only two possible solutions for improving financial structures. They can no longer rely on their traditional strategy of increasing…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kinsella, Shane
2012-01-01
Little research exists on the career aspirations of department heads in independent schools. What does exist focuses on public school teachers in the United States and the United Kingdom. This study sought to determine the career aspirations, job satisfaction, and job efficacy of department heads. Using data from an original survey instrument…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gobby, Brad
2013-01-01
The launch of the Independent Public Schools (IPS) programme in Western Australia (WA) in 2010 reflects the neoliberal policy discourse of decentralisation and school self-management sweeping across many of the world's education systems. IPS provides WA state school principals with decision-making authority in a range of areas, including the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Horne, John; Lingard, Bob; Weiner, Gaby; Forbes, Joan
2011-01-01
This paper draws on a research study into the existence and use of different forms of capital--including social, cultural and physical capital--in three independent schools in Scotland. We were interested in understanding how these forms of capital work to produce and reproduce "advantage" and "privilege". Analysis is framed by…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
West, Anne
2014-01-01
Academies (and free schools) in England and independent grant-aided schools, "fristående skolor" (or "friskolor"), in Sweden have been the subject of much academic debate, but there is a paucity of comparative research relating to policy development or outcomes. This paper adopts a comparative perspective, outlining the…
Opportunity in an Age of Disruption: How Independent Schools Can Lead the Change
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Katzman, John; Horn, Michael B.
2016-01-01
Technologies used in new business models have disrupted almost every sector of the economy. Many are now beginning to discuss when disruption will come to independent schools. The answer, of course, is that it has already happened; in areas such as admissions, college guidance, and learning content, there are disruptive innovations that are…
World of Learning: Houston Independent School District 2014 Annual Report and 2015 Calendar
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Houston Independent School District, 2015
2015-01-01
No other city in the nation more clearly exemplifies the dramatically changing social, political, and economic landscape of America's urban centers than Houston. Houston has transformed from a bi-racial southern city on the bayou to one of the most ethnically and culturally diverse communities in the nation. Houston Independent School District…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2010
2010-01-01
Each district that participated in the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) 2009 Trial Urban District Assessment in reading receives a one-page snapshot report that presents key findings and trends in a condensed format. This report presents the results for Austin Independent School District's student achievement in reading. In 2009,…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2010
2010-01-01
Each district that participated in the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) 2009 Trial Urban District Assessment in reading receives a one-page snapshot report that presents key findings and trends in a condensed format. This report presents the results for Austin Independent School District's student achievement in reading. In 2009,…
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Nugraheni, L.; Budayasa, I. K.; Suwarsono, S. T.
2018-01-01
The study was designed to discover examine the profile of metacognition of vocational high school student of the Machine Technology program that had high ability and field independent cognitive style in mathematical problem solving. The design of this study was exploratory research with a qualitative approach. This research was conducted at the Machine Technology program of the vocational senior high school. The result revealed that the high-ability student with field independent cognitive style conducted metacognition practices well. That involved the three types of metacognition activities, consisting of planning, monitoring, and evaluating at metacognition level 2 or aware use, 3 or strategic use, 4 or reflective use in mathematical problem solving. The applicability of the metacognition practices conducted by the subject was never at metacognition level 1 or tacit use. This indicated that the participant were already aware, capable of choosing strategies, and able to reflect on their own thinking before, after, or during the process at the time of solving mathematical problems.That was very necessary for the vocational high school student of Machine Technology program.
Results of an independent evaluation of Project ALERT delivered in schools by Cooperative Extension.
St Pierre, Tena L; Osgood, D Wayne; Mincemoyer, Claudia C; Kaltreider, D Lynne; Kauh, Tina J
2005-12-01
Reported are results of an independent effectiveness study of the Project ALERT drug prevention program implemented in eight Pennsylvania middle schools by outside program leaders employed by Cooperative Extension. In this randomized, 2-cohort longitudinal evaluation, 1,649 seventh-grade students completed a pretest and four waves of posttests over the 2-year program and 1-year follow-up. Project ALERT's effectiveness was tested through a 3-level hierarchical linear model. Analyses failed to yield any positive effects for substance use or mediators for use in the adult or teen-assisted delivery of the curriculum. An extensive set of additional analyses detected no differential program effects by student risk level, gender, school, or level of implementation quality. Potential explanations for outcomes relative to Project ALERT's original effectiveness trial are discussed, as well as implications for future research, including the need to conduct independent effectiveness studies of previously validated programs in a variety of contexts.
Independent School Success Challenging the Danish Public School System
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ringsmose, Charlotte
2013-01-01
Denmark has had a long history of placing a high priority on education and public schooling. It is a declared goal of the Danish welfare system to provide comprehensive schooling, where children from different socioeconomic backgrounds can go to school together and have the same opportunities through education. It is also a declared goal for…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fitzgerald, Scott; Stacey, Meghan; McGrath-Champ, Susan; Parding, Karolina; Rainnie, Al
2018-01-01
The devolution of public sector schooling systems has been a feature of education reform since the 1980s. In Western Australia, the Independent Public School (IPS) initiative has recently been installed, announced by the state government in 2009. Now over 80% of the state's public school students attend IP schools. Drawing on interview data from a…
Rep. Green, Gene [D-TX-29
2009-10-01
House - 11/16/2009 Referred to the Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status Agreed to in HouseHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:
Measuring Our Success: How to Gauge the "Value Added" by an Independent School Education
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gulla, John; Jorgenson, Olaf
2014-01-01
Having addressed variations of the question--How can a school's success be "measured"?--with mixed results across a collective five decades of service to boards, John Gulla and Olaf Jorgenson endeavored to develop a more helpful answer. To this end, they queried 200-plus leaders of California Association of Independent Schools…
Estrade, Michelle; Dick, Smita; Crawford, Fiona; Jepson, Ruth; Ellaway, Anne; McNeill, Geraldine
2014-08-04
Preventing and reducing childhood and adolescent obesity is a growing priority in many countries. Recent UK data suggest that children in more deprived areas have higher rates of obesity and poorer diet quality than those in less deprived areas. As adolescents spend a large proportion of time in school, interventions to improve the food environment in and around schools are being considered. Nutrient standards for school meals are mandatory in the UK, but many secondary pupils purchase foods outside schools at break or lunchtime that may not meet these standards. Qualitative interviews were conducted with fast food shop managers to explore barriers to offering healthier menu options. Recruitment targeted independently-owned shops near secondary schools (pupils aged c.12-17) in low-income areas of three Scottish cities. Ten interviews were completed, recorded, and transcribed for analysis. An inductive qualitative approach was used to analyse the data in NVivo 10. Five themes emerged from the data: pride in what is sold; individual autonomy and responsibility; customer demand; profit margin; and neighbourhood context. Interviewees consistently expressed pride in the foods they sold, most of which were homemade. They felt that healthy eating and general wellbeing are the responsibility of the individual and that offering what customers want to eat, not necessarily what they should eat, was the only way to stay in business. Most vendors felt they were struggling to maintain a profit, and that many aspects of the low-income neighbourhood context would make change difficult or impossible. Independent food shops in low-income areas face barriers to offering healthy food choices, and interventions and policies that target the food environment around schools should take the neighbourhood context into consideration.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Weaver, Roger
2011-01-01
Independent schools are increasingly placing significant priority on community service and understand the important messages about social and personal responsibility that these programs convey to students, along with the invaluable hands-on, real-world experience that they get in community service work. And while student community service is…
Capital Financing For Private & Independent Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Online Submission, 2005
2005-01-01
This paper is a primer for school boards and management. It provides a basic overview of the key issues, considerations and options associated with the use of debt by private schools to address facility financing needs. In addition, for a school which has decided to pursue debt financing, it provides basic guidelines for the choice of debt…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Edgewood Independent School District, San Antonio, TX.
The 1970-71 evaluation of the Title VII bilingual education program in the Edgewood Independent School District in San Antonio, Texas, is presented in this report. The report discusses the program with regard to (1) curriculum development, (2) staff development, (3) community involvement, and (4) the pre- and post-tests given to the students. The…
Recipes for Success: Independent Schools Break the Mold When It Comes to Social Media
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stoner, Michael
2010-01-01
Most communicators are not giving up print or other traditional media. But they recognize that social media has quickly become an important channel for the audiences they want to reach. Social media adds texture and complexity to the marketing mix. To take advantage of social media, it pays to be nimble. Independent schools' communicators…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Austin Independent School District, TX. Office of Program Evaluation.
The Office of Program Evaluation (OPE) of the Austin Independent School District (Texas) (AISD) is charged with evaluating federally, locally, and state funded programs in the AISD. OPE staff carry out mandated reporting for federal and state grants and are increasingly involved in formative evaluations designed for program improvement and…
Sandercock, Gavin R H; Ogunleye, Ayodele A
2012-05-01
The most prevalent sedentary behaviours in children and adolescents are engagement with small screen media (screen-time) and passive travel (by motorised vehicle). The objective of this research was to assess the independence of these behaviours from one another and from physical activity as predictors of cardiorespiratory fitness in youth. We measured cardiorespiratory fitness in n=6819 10-16 year olds (53% male) who self-reported their physical activity (7-day recall) school travel and screen time habits. Travel was classified as active (walking, cycling) or passive; screen time as <2 h, 2-4 h or >4 h. The multivariate odds of being fit were higher in active travel (Boys: OR 1.32, 95% CI: 1.09-1.59; Girls: OR 1.46, 1.15-1.84) than in passive travel groups. Boys reporting low screen time were more likely to be fit than those reporting >4 h (OR 2.11, 95% CI: 1.68-2.63) as were girls (OR 1.66, 95% CI: 1.24-2.20). These odds remained significant after additionally controlling for physical activity. Passive travel and high screen time are independently associated with poor cardiorespiratory fitness in youth, and this relationship is independent of physical activity levels. A lifestyle involving high screen time and habitual passive school travel appears incompatible with healthful levels of cardiorespiratory fitness in youth. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sarshar, Shanon Etty
2013-01-01
Using the Gap Analysis problem-solving framework (Clark & Estes, 2008), this study examined the performance gap experienced by 6th grade students on the math sections of the ISEE (Independent School Entrance Exam). The purpose of the study was to identify and validate the knowledge, motivation, and organization causes of the students' low…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Saleh, Matthew
2011-01-01
This article aims to "modernize" the current legal debate over inequitable public school funding at the state and local level. The 1973 Supreme Court case of "San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez" established precedent, allowing for property-tax based education funding programs at the state-level--a major source…
Supporting Independence in Adolescents on the Autism Spectrum
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hume, Kara; Boyd, Brian A.; Hamm, Jill V.; Kucharczyk, Suzanne
2014-01-01
The development of independent behavior is a critical, challenging process for all youth as they pass through the high school environment into adulthood. Although most high school students gain skills related to independence, the independent behaviors of their peers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) plateau and decline. These skill deficits and…
Local School Ideologies and Inclusion: The Case of Swedish Independent Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Goransson, Kerstin; Malmqvist, Johan; Nilholm, Claes
2013-01-01
This paper reports on the development of a framework for the classification of local school ideologies in relation to inclusion that provides a tool for classifying the general educational direction as well as work with pupils in need of special support of individual schools. The framework defines different aspects of local school ideology in…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Williams, Lunetta M.; Hall, Katrina W.; Hedrick, Wanda B.; Lamkin, Marcia; Abendroth, Jennifer
2013-01-01
The purpose of the present study was to develop an instrument to measure reading during in-school independent reading (ISIR). Procedures to establish validity and reliability of the instrument included videotaping and observing students during ISIR, gathering feedback from literacy experts, establishing interrater reliability, crosschecking…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dronkers, Jaap; Robert, Peter
2008-01-01
The gross differences in scholastic achievement among public, private government-dependent, and private independent schools in 22 countries are analyzed with Programme for International Student Assessment 2000 data. In a multilevel approach, the authors estimate these sector effects, controlling for sociological characteristics of students and…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Barcus, F. Earle
A study analyzed the programing and advertising matter in the after-school hours on independent commercial television stations unaffiliated with the major networks. These stations, primarily UHF, relied almost entirely on syndicated programing that is often reruns of former network programs. These programs draw large after-school audiences. By…
Mostert, Hendrik P; Myburgh, Chris; Poggenpoel, Marie
2012-10-04
In schools today discrimination based on sexual orientation takes place on a regular basis. This form of discrimination leads to aggression towards learners perceived to be homosexual, as well as towards those with a homosexual orientation. For more than 15 years South Africa has been a democratic country with laws that protect learners who have a homosexual orientation. Nevertheless, aggression and discrimination towards these learners still occur in schools. Aggression often leads to verbal and physical bullying of the victims by perpetrators. The objectives of this research were to explore and describe Grade 11 learners' experiences of aggression towards learners perceived to be homosexual as well as those with a homosexual orientation in an independent secondary school environment. The research design was qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual in nature. The data for this investigation consisted of essays based on a published newspaper photograph, phenomenological group interviews, observations and field notes. Tesch's method of data analysis was used, and an independent coder assisted. Three themes were identified, discussed and supported by a literature control: that learners experience that it is right and acceptable to have a homosexual orientation; that they experience ambivalence towards homosexual orientation of learners; and experienced feelings that it is wrong to have a homosexual orientation. Recommended guidelines are provided to address aggression towards learners perceived to be homosexual and those with a homosexual orientation.
How To Create an Independent Research Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Krieger, Melanie Jacobs
This guide explains how to establish a research program within a school and how to get students involved in independent research projects and national research competitions. Chapter 1, "Selling the Program," examines benefits to the community, school, teachers, and students. Chapter 2, "Assessing Your Situation," discusses how independent research…
Tight Focus on Instruction Wins Texas District Prize
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Maxwell, Lesli A.
2009-01-01
It took a while for four-time finalist Aldine, Texas, to win the Broad Prize for Urban Education. But it took even longer to craft the system that ultimately put the district over the top. Educators in Aldine district have been working for more than a decade to refine their "managed instruction" system. Reviewers examined how the school…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Coren, Sidney A.; Luthar, Suniya S.
2014-01-01
This study extends past findings of heightened problems among affluent youth by examining adjustment patterns among boys in two academically elite, independent high schools: one for boys only and the other co-educational. Both samples manifested disproportionately high rates of internalizing and externalizing symptoms, but only the co-educational…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Velastegui, Pamela J.
2013-01-01
This hypothesis-generating case study investigates the naturally emerging roles of technology brokers and technology leaders in three independent schools in New York involving 92 school educators. A multiple and mixed method design utilizing Social Network Analysis (SNA) and fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (FSQCA) involved gathering…
Independence, Disengagement, and Discipline
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rubin, Ron
2012-01-01
School disengagement is linked to a lack of opportunities for students to fulfill their needs for independence and self-determination. Young people have little say about what, when, where, and how they will learn, the criteria used to assess their success, and the content of school and classroom rules. Traditional behavior management discourages…
Houston Pre-Freshman Enrichment Program (Houston PREP). Final report, June 9, 1997--July 25, 1997
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
NONE
1997-10-01
The 1997 Houston Pre-Freshman Enrichment Program (PREP) was conducted at the campus of the University of Houston-Downtown from June 9 to July 25, 1997. Program participants were recruited from the Greater Houston Area. All participants were identified as high-achieving students with an interest in learning about the engineering and science professions. The goal of the program was to better prepare our pre-college youth prior to entering college as mathematics, science and engineering majors. The program participants were middle school and high school students from the Aldine, Alief, Channel View, Clear Creek, Cypress-Fairbanks, Fort Bend, Galena Park, Houston, Humble, Katy, Klein,more » North Forest, Pasadena, Private, and Spring Branch Independent School Districts. Of the 194 students starting the program, 165 students were from economically and socially disadvantage groups under-represented in the engineering and science professions, and 118 of the 194 were women. Our First Year group for 1997 composed of 96% minority and women students. Second and Third Year students combined were 96% minority or women. With financial support from the Center for Computational Sciences and Advanced Distributed Simulation, the Fourth Year Program was added to PREP this year. Twelve students completed the program (83% minority or women).« less
Business Management for Independent Schools. Third Edition.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Association of Independent Schools, Boston, MA.
This business management manual discusses school accounting and reporting principles; in particular, financial management, computerization, and records retention techniques. First is described the basic accounting principles, plant funds, endowment funds, operational funds, chart of accounts, and financial states of the school's annual financial…
Teaching the Declaration of Independence. ERIC Digest.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Patrick, John J.
The Declaration of Independence is the founding document of the United States. It is part of the social studies core curriculum in U.S. schools. By the time they graduate from high school, students are expected to know the main ideas in the Declaration of Independence and their significance. This digest discusses: (1) the origins of the…
Prezza, Miretta; Alparone, Francesca Romana; Renzi, Daniela; Pietrobono, Annalisa
2010-01-01
The aim of this research was to determine the outcomes of the "We go to school alone" program in two Districts of Rome through a longitudinal study involving 392 children (mean age = 8.37 years) and 270 parents. The outcomes of the program in the two Districts were very different. Only one resulted in an increase in children's autonomous mobility on the home-school journey, a reduction in the number of times a child was taken to school by car, and, even more important, in an increase in the general level of children's independent mobility in their neighborhood. The findings are discussed in terms of a process evaluation that enabled us to understand the differing results.
Gender Integration of a Traditionally Male Field: A Definition of the Occupation.
1982-12-01
Statistical Theory of Racism and Sexism ," American Economic Review 62 (Sept. 1972), 659-661. Tyler, L. The Psychology of Sex Differences, N.Y. Appleton...34 statistical discrimination." whereby the gender of the applicant is used as an Indicator of interior characteristics which are too...Awareness of Dying. Chicago: Aldine, 1965. • The Discovery of Grounded Theory . Chicago: Aldine, 1967. Goffman, Erving. Asylums. Garden City: Doubleday
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ruiz de Castilla, Verónica
2018-01-01
Aware of the challenges set before the Houston Independent school District by rapid growth in the numbers of English learner students, and a critical shortage of teachers with bilingual certification for more than a decade, members of Regional Educational Laboratory Southwest's English Learners Research Alliance sought information that districts…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Carson, Keyla D; Gast, David L.; Ayres, Kevin M.
2008-01-01
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using a photo activity schedule book to increase independent transitioning between vocational tasks inside a school cafeteria and at a community job site. Three students with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities, enrolled in a self-contained classroom in a public high school,…
Associations between children’s independent mobility and physical activity
2014-01-01
Background Independent mobility describes the freedom of children to travel and play in public spaces without adult supervision. The potential benefits for children are significant such as social interactions with peers, spatial and traffic safety skills and increased physical activity. Yet, the health benefits of independent mobility, particularly on physical activity accumulation, are largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate associations of children’s independent mobility with light, moderate-to-vigorous, and total physical activity accumulation. Methods In 2011 - 2012, 375 Australian children aged 8-13 years (62% girls) were recruited into a cross-sectional study. Children’s independent mobility (i.e. independent travel to school and non-school destinations, independent outdoor play) and socio-demographics were assessed through child and parent surveys. Physical activity intensity was measured objectively through an Actiheart monitor worn on four consecutive days. Associations between independent mobility and physical activity variables were analysed using generalized linear models, accounting for clustered sampling, Actiheart wear time, socio-demographics, and assessing interactions by sex. Results Independent travel (walking, cycling, public transport) to school and non-school destinations were not associated with light, moderate-to-vigorous and total physical activity. However, sub-analyses revealed a positive association between independent walking and cycling (excluding public transport) to school and total physical but only in boys (b = 36.03, p < 0.05). Frequent independent outdoor play (three or more days per week) was positively associated with light and total physical activity (b = 29.76, p < 0.01 and b = 32.43, p = 0.03, respectively). No significant associations were found between independent outdoor play and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. When assessing differences by sex, the observed significant
Coren, Sidney A.; Luthar, Suniya S.
2014-01-01
This study extends past findings of heightened problems among affluent youth by examining adjustment patterns among boys in two academically elite, independent high schools: one for boys only and the other coeducational. Both samples manifested disproportionately high rates of internalizing and externalizing symptoms, but only the co-educational boys showed elevations in substance use. Boys in both schools showed elevations in a new outcome domain examined: exhibitionistic narcissism. Multivariate analyses of predictors showed that parent criticism -- a defining feature of youths' maladaptive perfectionism -- and perceived maternal depression emerged as major vulnerability factors for both samples in relation to symptom levels. On other parenting dimensions, boys in the single-sex school seemed to be particularly sensitive to feelings of alienation from their fathers and perceived paternal depression. Envy of peers' attractiveness was associated with adolescent distress in both samples, but appeared to be especially critical for co-educational boys. Results are discussed, focusing on the costs and benefits of boys' attendance at a single-sex versus co-educational school, along with implications for practice and future research. PMID:25395693
Coren, Sidney A; Luthar, Suniya S
2014-11-01
This study extends past findings of heightened problems among affluent youth by examining adjustment patterns among boys in two academically elite, independent high schools: one for boys only and the other coeducational. Both samples manifested disproportionately high rates of internalizing and externalizing symptoms, but only the co-educational boys showed elevations in substance use. Boys in both schools showed elevations in a new outcome domain examined: exhibitionistic narcissism. Multivariate analyses of predictors showed that parent criticism -- a defining feature of youths' maladaptive perfectionism -- and perceived maternal depression emerged as major vulnerability factors for both samples in relation to symptom levels. On other parenting dimensions, boys in the single-sex school seemed to be particularly sensitive to feelings of alienation from their fathers and perceived paternal depression. Envy of peers' attractiveness was associated with adolescent distress in both samples, but appeared to be especially critical for co-educational boys. Results are discussed, focusing on the costs and benefits of boys' attendance at a single-sex versus co-educational school, along with implications for practice and future research.
The Reproduction of Class in Canada's Elite Independent Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Maxwell, James D.; Maxwell, Mary Percival
1995-01-01
Maintains that although Canada's private schools attempt to reproduce dominant cultural ideology, meritocracy and recruitment have created paradoxical effects. Academic competition results in fewer private school graduates being admitted to top universities. Further studies reveal no correlation between private school and financial success. (MJP)
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Hardiani, N.; Budayasa, I. K.; Juniati, D.
2018-01-01
The aim of this study was to describe algebraic thinking of high school female student’s field independent cognitive style in solving linier program problem by revealing deeply the female students’ responses. Subjects in this study were 7 female students having field independent cognitive style in class 11. The type of this research was descriptive qualitative. The method of data collection used was observation, documentation, and interview. Data analysis technique was by reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The results of this study showed that the female students with field independent cognitive style in solving the linier program problem had the ability to represent algebraic ideas from the narrative question that had been read by manipulating symbols and variables presented in tabular form, creating and building mathematical models in two variables linear inequality system which represented algebraic ideas, and interpreting the solutions as variables obtained from the point of intersection in the solution area to obtain maximum benefit.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Onyekuru, Bruno Uchenna
2015-01-01
This is a descriptive study that investigated the relationships among field dependence-field independence cognitive style and gender, career choice and academic achievement of secondary school students in Emohua Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. From the initial sample of 320 senior secondary school one (SS1) students drawn from the…
Toward Strategic Independence: Policy Considerations for Enhancing School Effectiveness.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Finn, Chester E., Jr.
The central problem in educational improvement at the state and local level is the tension between school-level autonomy and systemwide uniformity; educational change is limited by three special conditions: (1) inertial autonomy, (2) essential uniformity of public schools, and (3) the fact that effective schools have characteristics that cannot be…
A Classroom Observational Study of Qatar's Independent Schools: Instruction and School Reform
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Palmer, Douglas J.; Sadiq, Hissa M.; Lynch, Patricia; Parker, Dawn; Viruru, Radhika; Knight, Stephanie; Waxman, Hersh; Alford, Beverly; Brown, Danielle Bairrington; Rollins, Kayla; Stillisano, Jacqueline; Abu-Tineh, Abdullah M. Hamdan; Nasser, Ramzi; Allen, Nancy; Al-Binali, Hessa; Ellili, Maha; Al-Kateeb, Haithem; Al-Kubaisi, Huda
2016-01-01
Qatar initiated a K-12 national educational reform in 2001. However, there is limited information on the instructional practices of the teachers in the reform schools. This project was an observational study of classrooms with a stratified random sample of the first six cohorts of reform schools. Specifically, 156 classrooms were observed in 29…
Luftig, Richard L; Muthert, Dorothy
2005-01-01
Vocational/employment and independent living for individuals with disabilities has been a major area of interest for those interested in transition from school to work and adulthood. Recent statistics for such individuals continue to be poor and problematic. The present study investigated a group of adults with either specific learning disabilities or mild mental retardation who had graduated or exited an inclusionary high school which emphasized vocational technology training and independent living skills. The results indicated higher than the national average for employment and rate of pay as well as stronger than expected indicators of independent living in terms of mobility. The largest group of individuals, however, were still residing with their parents. Respondents with learning disabilities were doing better than their mentally retarded counterparts in terms of many of the indicators but individuals with mental retardation were still doing strongly when compared against figures reported in other studies. Results are discussed in terms of recommendations for generalization as well as the educational model used for these students.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dahlin, Bo
2010-01-01
In the wake of globalisation, multiculturalism, and the "marketisation" of schools the education-for-citizenship question in relation to state and independent schools seems increasingly relevant. This paper is based on a comparison of beliefs and values related to civic and moral issues among students in Swedish mainstream and Steiner…
Leading an Independent School Today Means Leading Change
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Walpole, Andrew Robert Nicholas
2014-01-01
This Executive Leadership Portfolio (ELP) is the story of my journey through the Ed.D. program that begins with me focusing my work on trying to reverse my school's attrition woes, then changes course as I try to make my project reverse my own failed head of school candidacies, and ends with me discovering that, along the way, I had learned to…
Research-Based Lessons That Support Student Independent Reading in Social Studies
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Swanson, Elizabeth; Reed, Deborah; Vaughn, Sharon
2016-01-01
High school social studies teachers face unique challenges in helping their students learn independently from text in their discipline. In this article, a set of research-based practices that couple independent student reading with high-quality instruction proven to improve content learning for high school nonnative English speakers is provided.…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Milman, Natalie B.; Carlson-Bancroft, Angela; Vanden Boogart, Amy
2014-01-01
This mixed methods case study examined the implementation of a 1:1 iPad initiative in a suburban, co-educational, independent, preK-4th grade elementary school in the United States. This article focuses on how teachers used iPads to differentiate instruction and across multiple content areas. Findings show the processes by which teachers employed…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stewart, Sarah
2016-01-01
Community Partnership School (CPS) serves 90 to 95 students annually in preK-5th grade. Of these, 100 percent are African American or multiracial, and all qualify for free or reduced-price lunch. Community Partnership School began as a collaboration between Germantown Academy, which had trouble recruiting low-income students to its suburban…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bobbett, Gordon C.; And Others
This paper presents a study attempting to identify and evaluate high school activities that impact instrumental student outcome. High school music activities and their impact on student instrumental outcome from a variety of perspectives were examined. There is a subtle difference between musical independence and musical achievement. Musical…
Educating the Gifted: The Independent School Challenge.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bassett, Patrick F.
1983-01-01
A planned pilot program for gifted students at Stuart Hall College Preparatory School for Girls in Staunton, Virginia, will feature enrichment, mentorship, a mastery testing program, a counselor for the gifted, and inservice staff education. (CL)
School Choice in Sweden: Effects on Student Performance, School Costs, and Segregation
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lindbom, Anders
2010-01-01
This article presents empirical analyses of the effects of independent schools in Sweden. The most important result is that the impact--both the positive and the negative--is relatively marginal. This said, there are now a number of studies that show that when independent schools are established the pupils in municipal schools perform better.…
How Inclusive Education Is Understood by Principals of Independent Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gous, Jennifer Glenda; Eloff, Irma; Moen, Melanie Carmen
2014-01-01
Inclusive education has become a practice that has been adopted by many schools across the globe and most usually in first-world countries. As a whole-school system, it occurs less frequently in developing countries including South Africa which unlike many developing countries has a sound infrastructure and many excellent schools in both the state…
Cleland, Jennifer A; Walker, Kim; Lee, Amanda J; Greatrix, Rachel
2017-01-01
Objectives Differential attainment in school examinations is one of the barriers to increasing student diversity in medicine. However, studies on the predictive validity of prior academic achievement and educational performance at medical school are contradictory, possibly due to single-site studies or studies which focus only on early years’ performance. To address these gaps, we examined the relationship between sociodemographic factors, including school type and average educational performance throughout medical school across a large number of diverse medical programmes. Methods This retrospective study analysed data from students who graduated from 33 UK medical schools between 2012 and 2013. We included candidates’ demographics, pre-entry grades (adjusted Universities and Colleges Admissions Service tariff scores) preadmission test scores (UK Clinical Aptitude Test (UKCAT) and Graduate Medical School Admissions Test (GAMSAT)) and used the UK Foundation Programme’s educational performance measure (EPM) decile as an outcome measure. Logistic regression was used to assess the independent relationship between students’ background characteristics and EPM ranking. Results Students from independent schools had significantly higher mean UKCAT scores (2535.1, SD=209.6) than students from state-funded schools (2506.1, SD=224.0, p<0.001). Similarly, students from independent schools came into medical school with significantly higher mean GAMSAT scores (63.9, SD=6.9) than students from state-funded schools (60.8, SD=7.1, p<0.001). However, students from state-funded schools were almost twice as likely (OR=2.01, 95% CI 1.49 to 2.73) to finish in the highest rank of the EPM ranking than those who attended independent schools. Conclusions This is the first large-scale study to examine directly the relationship between school type and overall performance at medical school. Our findings provide modest supportive evidence that, when students from independent and state
Vallivue Middle School: Our Schools Are Our Community
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Principal Leadership, 2012
2012-01-01
Vallivue School District, located about 20 minutes from Boise, Idaho, can trace its origins to 13 rural schools scattered throughout Canyon County. The schools served students from kindergarten through eighth grade, and each building was independently administered by local school boards. Those boards were consolidated into a single district in…
Teaching Independent Community Social Skills to the Multihandicapped.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Beaulac, Pauline F.
Ten multihandicapped high-school students in the Dayton (Ohio) Public Schools were trained using a curriculum of independent community social skills, focusing specifically on restaurant skills, travel skills, shopping skills, self-care skills, and skills for visiting a business or government agency. The students made weekly trips into the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Johnson-Dunn, Tina N.
2009-01-01
The purpose of this study was to identify, examine, and compare the way globalization was perceived by 4 international school associations, 4 non-profit (corporate managed) charter high schools, and 4 independent (individually managed) charter high schools from Southern California. Selected school associations, non-profit, and independent charter…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stewart, Sarah
2016-01-01
The Waterside School began in the mind of hedge fund manager Chip Kruger. While playing golf at the Innis Arden Golf Club in Greenwich, Connecticut, he noticed that the seventh green bordered Stamford's impoverished and crime-ridden South End. As Kruger considered his own opportunities and the prestigious schools his children attended, including…
Kumwenda, Ben; Cleland, Jennifer A; Walker, Kim; Lee, Amanda J; Greatrix, Rachel
2017-08-31
Differential attainment in school examinations is one of the barriers to increasing student diversity in medicine. However, studies on the predictive validity of prior academic achievement and educational performance at medical school are contradictory, possibly due to single-site studies or studies which focus only on early years' performance. To address these gaps, we examined the relationship between sociodemographic factors, including school type and average educational performance throughout medical school across a large number of diverse medical programmes. This retrospective study analysed data from students who graduated from 33 UK medical schools between 2012 and 2013. We included candidates' demographics, pre-entry grades (adjusted Universities and Colleges Admissions Service tariff scores) preadmission test scores (UK Clinical Aptitude Test (UKCAT) and Graduate Medical School Admissions Test (GAMSAT)) and used the UK Foundation Programme's educational performance measure (EPM) decile as an outcome measure. Logistic regression was used to assess the independent relationship between students' background characteristics and EPM ranking. Students from independent schools had significantly higher mean UKCAT scores (2535.1, SD=209.6) than students from state-funded schools (2506.1, SD=224.0, p<0.001). Similarly, students from independent schools came into medical school with significantly higher mean GAMSAT scores (63.9, SD=6.9) than students from state-funded schools (60.8, SD=7.1, p<0.001). However, students from state-funded schools were almost twice as likely (OR=2.01, 95% CI 1.49 to 2.73) to finish in the highest rank of the EPM ranking than those who attended independent schools. This is the first large-scale study to examine directly the relationship between school type and overall performance at medical school. Our findings provide modest supportive evidence that, when students from independent and state schools enter with similar pre-entry grades
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Smith, Derick Graham
2012-01-01
This study sought to answer the question: "To what extent do prior beliefs about and experiences of teaching and learning influence the instructional practices of new independent school teachers," who are generally not required to have any formal pedagogical training or hold teacher certification prior to beginning full-time employment.…
School Restructuring in England: New School Configurations and New Challenges
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Simkins, Tim
2015-01-01
This article considers the ways in which government policy in England is causing local schooling landscapes to be reconfigured. By August 2014, 12 percent of primary schools and 53 percent of secondary schools had become academies--"independent publicly funded schools" directly responsible to the Secretary of State. The article begins by…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sharp, John
This report provides a performance review of a Texas school district. For the review, investigators interviewed district employees, school-board members, students, parents, business leaders, and representatives from community organizations. The review team also held public forums, conducted focus-group sessions and personal interviews, surveyed…
Independent Study in 1983. A Research Report of the NUCEA Independent Study Division. Final Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Feasley, Charles E.
Information on institutional programs offering independent study by correspondence was studied in 1983, with attention to enrollments, staff size, fees, services, the use of computer grading, and compensation paid to staff for grading and course development in college, high school, and noncredit programs. The survey population consisted of 73…
Fitness differentials amongst schools: how are they related to school sector?
Olds, T; Tomkinson, G; Baker, S
2003-09-01
Data on the performance fitness of 50,385 Australian students aged between 12 and 15 years were used to determine whether students differed in physical fitness according to school sector (independent vs government vs Catholic). Students were tested between 1995 and 2001 as part of the Australian Sports Commission's Talent Search program. The results of the 20 m shuttle run (20mSRT), vertical jump and 40 m sprint tests were selected as being representative of aerobic, explosive and anaerobic performance. All results were expressed as age- and gender-specific z-scores. MANOVA showed that independent school students outperformed students from the Catholic and government sectors on the selected tests for both boys and girls (p < 0.0001). In the 20mSRT, the difference amounted to 0.28-0.43 SDs. In the sprint and jump tests, independent school students were superior by 0.05-0.17 SDs. A proxy for socio-economic status (SES) explained about 90% of the differences between sectors, with high SES schools consistently outperforming low SES schools. Nonetheless, even when SES was factored in, sectoral differences remained significant. Insofar as fitness is related to school activities, these findings raise equity concerns in Australian school physical education.
Aspire Public Schools: From 10 Schools to 6-Million Kids
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Colby, Susan; Wicoff, Kimberly
2006-01-01
Don Shalvey (former superintendent of the San Carlos, California school district) believes strongly that every kid in California deserves a great education. This belief led him in 1993 to found the first charter school (an independently-run public school) in California. Shalvey's first charter school attracted a great deal of attention, and soon…
Independence for the physically disabled.
Gordon, N
1992-01-01
The difficulties in giving even relative independence to handicapped children are reviewed. A compromise has to be worked out between too much and too little independence. The personality of the child will be a governing factor, but there are many environmental influences. Not least among these are the attitudes of the parents, and to what extent they accept the handicapped child and encourage self-reliance. Education must be realistically based on the child's ability and likely potentials on leaving school. Acquiring daily-living skills may be as important as academic qualifications. More needs to be learnt about the balance between independence and over-protection, and the success of management for an individual child can only be judged when maturity is reached with adequate self-confidence, and a maximal ability to compete in the adult world.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bete, Tim, Ed.
1998-01-01
Presents predictions from four administration experts on what the future holds for U.S. schools. Questions addressed concern the following: will schools ever include pre-K programs; will standardized testing disappear; will high schools adopt the flexible, independent study model; will K-12 education ever be run by big business, and will…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Collins, Clarin
2012-01-01
This study examined the intended and unintended consequences associated with the Education Value-Added Assessment System (EVAAS) as perceived and experienced by teachers in the Houston Independent School District (HISD). To evaluate teacher effectiveness, HISD is using EVAAS for high-stakes consequences more than any other district or state in the…
This report documents the activities performed and the results obtained from the arsenic removal treatment technology demonstration project at the Webb Consolidated Independent School District (Webb CISD) in Bruni, TX. The main objective of the project was to evaluate the effect...
Oliver, Melody; Parker, Karl; Witten, Karen; Mavoa, Suzanne; Badland, Hannah M; Donovan, Phil; Chaudhury, Moushumi; Kearn, Robin
2016-03-01
The study aim was to determine the association between children's objectively assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and active trips (AT) and independently mobile trips (IM) during out-of-school hours. Children aged 9 to 13 years (n = 254) were recruited from 9 schools in Auckland, New Zealand between 2011 and 2012. Children completed travel diaries and wore accelerometers for 7 days. Parents provided demographic information. Geographic information systems-derived distance to school was calculated. Accelerometer data were extracted for out of school hours only. Percentage of time spent in MVPA (%MVPA), AT, and IM were calculated. Generalized estimating equations were used to determine the relationship between daily %MVPA and AT and between daily %MVPA and IM, accounting for age, sex, ethnicity, distance to school, day of the week, and numeric day of data collection. A significant positive relationship was observed between %MVPA and both AT and IM. For every unit increase in the daily percentage of trips made that were AT or IM, we found an average increase of 1.28% (95% CI 0.87%, 1.70%) and 1.15% (95% CI 0.71%, 1.59%) time in MVPA, respectively. Children's AT and IM are associated with increased MVPA during out-of-school hours.
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Davis, Robert G.; Wilkerson, Andrea
The GATEWAY program evaluated a trial installation of tunable-white LED lighting systems in three classrooms in the Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District in Carrollton, TX. The report provides valuable insights into the use of this technology in a real-world setting.
An Independent Investigation of the Validity of the School Attitude Assessment Survey-Revised
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Suldo, Shannon M.; Shaffer, Emily J.; Shaunessy, Elizabeth
2008-01-01
The psychometric properties of the School Attitude Assessment Survey-Revised (SAAS-R) are examined in a sample of 321 high school students. Students completed the SAAS-R along with measures of school climate, academic self-efficacy, and school satisfaction; school-related behaviors (i.e., attendance and discipline referrals) and academic…
Problems Identifying Independent and Dependent Variables
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Leatham, Keith R.
2012-01-01
This paper discusses one step from the scientific method--that of identifying independent and dependent variables--from both scientific and mathematical perspectives. It begins by analyzing an episode from a middle school mathematics classroom that illustrates the need for students and teachers alike to develop a robust understanding of…
Using the iPod to Teach Freedom and Independence
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schmitz, Mike
2010-01-01
Technology is making it easier for people with disabilities to function independently in their homes, workplaces, schools, and communities. Things that were once thought impossible are now possible with the aid of new tools available to assist in the transition toward independent living. None have had as big an impact as the iPod Touch. When most…
Christian, Hayley E; Klinker, Charlotte D; Villanueva, Karen; Knuiman, Matthew W; Foster, Sarah A; Zubrick, Stephan R; Divitini, Mark; Wood, Lisa; Giles-Corti, Billie
2015-06-16
Relationships between context-specific measures of the physical and social environment and children's independent mobility to neighborhood destination types were examined. Parents in RESIDE's fourth survey reported whether their child (8-15 years; n = 181) was allowed to travel without an adult to school, friend's house, park and local shop. Objective physical environment measures were matched to each of these destinations. Social environment measures included neighborhood perceptions and items specific to local independent mobility. Independent mobility to local destinations ranged from 30% to 48%. Independent mobility to a local park was less likely as the distance to the closest park (small and large size) increased and less likely with additional school grounds (P < .05). Independent mobility to school was less likely as the distance to the closest large park increased and if the neighborhood was perceived as unsafe (P < .05). Independent mobility to a park or shops decreased if parenting social norms were unsupportive of children's local independent movement (P < .05). Independent mobility appears dependent upon the specific destination being visited and the impact of neighborhood features varies according to the destination examined. Findings highlight the importance of access to different types and sizes of urban green space for children's independent mobility to parks.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Welch, Martin Ervind
2010-01-01
This study investigated the differences that exist in rural and suburban high school student misbehavior after completing in-school suspension (ISS) in Alabama's Mobile County Public School System. The independent variables of rural or suburban, gender, and ethnicity were used to determine the differences of the various groups. The archival…
Independent Schools Counselling: Profiling the NSPCC Service Experience
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McElearney, Aisling; Adamson, Gary; Shevlin, Mark; Tracey, Anne; Muldoon, Bronagh; Roosmale-Cocq, Selina
2007-01-01
Research reported in recent years highlights that many children and young people living in Northern Ireland are struggling to cope with a range of complex issues in their daily lives. The lack of accessible and appropriate professional support means that many children and young people carry these issues to school, where their struggle to cope…
Independent Schools Examine Ways to Support Students' Sleep
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stewart, Sarah
2015-01-01
Two-thirds of high school students get less than eight to 10 hours of sleep per night according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Sleep deprivation in teens has been linked to poor academic performance, reduced immunity, obesity, ADD-like symptoms, and even drug and alcohol use. For years, experts have said that early school…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hughes, Joan E.; Read, Michelle F.; Jones, Sara; Mahometa, Michael
2015-01-01
This study used multiple regression to identify predictors of middle school students' Web 2.0 activities out of school, a construct composed of 15 technology activities. Three middle schools participated, where sixth- and seventh-grade students completed a questionnaire. Independent predictor variables included three demographic and five computer…
Stone, Michelle R; Faulkner, Guy Ej; Mitra, Raktim; Buliung, Ron N
2014-01-22
Children's independent mobility (CIM) is critical to healthy development in childhood. The physical layout and social characteristics of neighbourhoods can impact opportunities for CIM. While global evidence is mounting on CIM, to the authors' knowledge, Canadian data on CIM and related health outcomes (i.e., physical activity (PA) behaviour) are missing. The purpose of this study was to examine if CIM is related to multiple characteristics of accelerometry-measured PA behaviour (total PA, light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, time spent sedentary) and whether associations between CIM and PA behaviour systematically vary by place of residence, stratifying by gender and type of day/period (weekdays, after-school, weekend). Participants were recruited through Project BEAT (Built Environment and Active Transport; http://www.beat.utoronto.ca). Children (n = 856) were stratified into four neighbourhood classifications based on the period of neighbourhood development (urban built environment (BE) (old BE) versus inner-suburban BE (new BE)) and socioeconomic status (SES; low SES and high SES). Physical activity was measured via accelerometry (ActiGraph GT1M). CIM was assessed via parental report and two categories were created (low CIM, n = 332; high CIM, n = 524). A series of two-factor ANOVAs were used to determine gender-specific differences in PA for weekdays, weekend days and the after-school period, according to level of CIM, across four neighbourhood classifications. Children who were granted at least some independent mobility (high CIM) had more positive PA profiles across the school week, during the after-school period, and over the weekend; they were also less sedentary. The influence of CIM on PA behaviour was particularly salient during the after-school period. Associations of CIM with PA varied by gender, and also by neighbourhood classification. CIM seemed to matter more in urban neighbourhoods for boys and suburban neighbourhoods for girls. Our
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wolf, Patrick J.; Lasserre-Cortez, Shannon
2018-01-01
Charter schools are public schools authorized to operate with some independence from district or state public school regulations, while still being held accountable for student outcomes. Like traditional schools operated by school districts, charter schools are free and are intended to be open to all students who desire to attend. This study…
An Exploration of Stem, Entrepreneurship, and Impact on Girls in an Independent Day School
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Kelly, Ryan P.
The 21st century has seen a pervasive theme in STEM continue from the 20th century: women do not pursue and persist in STEM careers at anywhere near the rate of men. Furthermore, STEM education has fallen short in preparing its students to enter the workforce as entrepreneurial knowledge workers prepared to innovate. As STEM and entrepreneurship receive unprecedented attention in scholarly circles, the first purpose of this mixed methods study at an independent day school was to examine the impact of a predominately female STEEM (i.e., science, technology, engineering, entrepreneurship and mathematics) teaching staff on girls' perceptions of STEEM. The second purpose of this study was to examine the impact of adding entrepreneurship to a STEM curriculum. The ultimate goals of this study were to inform local policy and practice. Through teacher interviews, student focus groups, and a student survey, this study investigated the impact of female teachers and a recently established entrepreneurship-infused curriculum. The theory of action guiding this school is that female STEEM teachers and the inclusion of entrepreneurship skills and projects can improve girls' perceptions of the STEM classroom, helping them to view STEM as less gender-oriented (i.e., male-oriented), and thereby make these classes feel more welcoming to girls. This is aimed at increasing their adoption of STEM majors in college and STEM careers after they graduate. This study has four major findings. First, the predominantly female STEEM faculty appeared to build girls' confidence in their STEEM classes. Second, the STEEM teachers use active learning and critical thinking to engage the girls in their classes. Third, the introduction of entrepreneurship appears to have helped increase girls' interest in STEM. Last, even while discussing their efforts to increase girls' engagement with STEM, many teachers celebrate gender blindness. These findings raised a number issues that should be important
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Card, David; Dooley, Martin; Payne, Abigail
2008-01-01
The province of Ontario has two publicly funded school systems: secular schools (known as public schools) that are open to all students, and separate schools that are open to children with Catholic backgrounds. The systems are administered independently and receive equal funding per student. In this paper we use detailed school and student-level…
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
None
Summary of GATEWAY report evaluating a trial installation of tunable-white LED lighting systems in three classrooms in the Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District in Carrollton, TX. The report provides valuable insights into the use of this technology in a real-world setting.
Impact of Function, Experience, and Training of School District Police on School Climate
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Denham, Magdalena
2013-01-01
Purpose: The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the impact that function, experience, and training of Independent School District School Resource Officers (ISD SROs) have on school climate. The participants were ISD SROs (n = 172) and teachers (n = 162) located in middle and high schools in Texas. Method: The Role of Law…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Knafo, Sharon
2012-01-01
This study examined the relationship between turnover of school leadership personnel and school climate as perceived by teachers. The study focused on Jewish day schools in the United States in different cities and states. Fifty Jewish day schools (ranging from preschool age to high school) participated in the study with 200 teachers from these…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Davis, Andrew P.
2012-01-01
After five years of teaching in two San Francisco independent schools, the author returned to Stanford University to pursue an MBA and a Master's in Education. While it is true that some of the topics he studied, such as the weighted average cost of capital, have little, if any, use in the independent school world, throughout his two years at…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Modin, Bitte; Karvonen, Sakari; Rahkonen, Ossi; Östberg, Viveca
2015-01-01
This study investigates cross-cultural differences in the interrelation between school performance, school segregation, and stress-related health among 9th-grade students in the greater Stockholm and Helsinki areas. Contrary to the Swedish case, it has been proposed that school performance in Finland is largely independent of the specific school…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
1977
This publication is the design development presentation for an energy-conserving elementary school building proposed for Alief, Texas. Some of the energy conservation features presented in this proposal include: (1) wind powered emergency electrical system; (2) complete insulation resulting in a building with an over-all U factor of .04; (3) air…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Valentine, Stephen J.
2014-01-01
Today, independent school leaders operate at the fault line of pundits, parents, teachers, staff, students, board members, researchers, consultants, and more. They need to lead key constituents while weighing constituent expectations. They need to know how to sift through the increasing flow of evolving practices, research, and viewpoints…
Marphatia, Akanksha A; Devakumar, Delan; Wells, Jonathan C K; Saville, Naomi; Reid, Alice; Costello, Anthony; Manandhar, Dharma S; Osrin, David
2016-09-10
Factors acting before children are born or reach school-going age may explain why some do not complete primary education. Many relevant factors relate to maternal phenotype, but few studies have tested for independent associations of maternal factors relative to those characterizing the family in general. Using data from a longitudinal study of 838 children in Dhanusha, Nepal, we used logistic regression models to test whether indices of maternal somatic and educational capital, or family economic capital, were independently associated with children having had ≤2 versus 3+ years of schooling at a mean age of 8.5 years. We also tested whether maternal age, children's early growth, and urban/rural location mediated such associations. Children had a higher risk of completing less schooling if their mothers were short, thin, anemic, and uneducated. Independently, lower family material assets and land acreage also increased children's odds of less schooling. There was an indication of gender differences, with the risk of poor educational attainment in girls associated with low maternal somatic and educational capital, whereas in boys the relevant factors were low maternal education and family land ownership. Our analysis demonstrates that, independent of broader indices of family capital such as land or material assets, children's educational attainment is associated with factors embodied in maternal phenotype. Both somatic and educational maternal capital appeared important. A composite index of maternal capital could provide a new measurable proxy, prior to school entry, for identifying children at risk of completing fewer years of schooling. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:687-698, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 The Authors American Journal of Human Biology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Summary of Performance as Transition "Passport" to Employment and Independent Living
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kochhar-Bryant, Carol A.
2007-01-01
Individuals with moderate to significant disabilities experience the most serious challenges in accessing employment and independent living when they exit high school. Therefore, the process of transition assessment conducted in school should be structured to provide relevant information for adult service providers and employers. For individuals…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gardner, Susan K.
2008-01-01
The transition to independent scholar is part and parcel of the doctoral education process (Council of Graduate Schools, 2005) as well as an integral part of the socialization process that occurs while in graduate school (Weidman, Twale, & Stein, 2001). This article details the journey toward independence, rooted in the socialization process of…
2014-01-01
Background Children’s independent mobility (CIM) is critical to healthy development in childhood. The physical layout and social characteristics of neighbourhoods can impact opportunities for CIM. While global evidence is mounting on CIM, to the authors’ knowledge, Canadian data on CIM and related health outcomes (i.e., physical activity (PA) behaviour) are missing. The purpose of this study was to examine if CIM is related to multiple characteristics of accelerometry-measured PA behaviour (total PA, light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, time spent sedentary) and whether associations between CIM and PA behaviour systematically vary by place of residence, stratifying by gender and type of day/period (weekdays, after-school, weekend). Methods Participants were recruited through Project BEAT (Built Environment and Active Transport; http://www.beat.utoronto.ca). Children (n = 856) were stratified into four neighbourhood classifications based on the period of neighbourhood development (urban built environment (BE) (old BE) versus inner-suburban BE (new BE)) and socioeconomic status (SES; low SES and high SES). Physical activity was measured via accelerometry (ActiGraph GT1M). CIM was assessed via parental report and two categories were created (low CIM, n = 332; high CIM, n = 524). A series of two-factor ANOVAs were used to determine gender-specific differences in PA for weekdays, weekend days and the after-school period, according to level of CIM, across four neighbourhood classifications. Results Children who were granted at least some independent mobility (high CIM) had more positive PA profiles across the school week, during the after-school period, and over the weekend; they were also less sedentary. The influence of CIM on PA behaviour was particularly salient during the after-school period. Associations of CIM with PA varied by gender, and also by neighbourhood classification. CIM seemed to matter more in urban neighbourhoods for boys and suburban
Costa-Santos, Cristina; Vieira-Marques, Pedro; Costa-Pereira, Altamiro; Ferreira, Maria Amélia; Freitas, Alberto
2018-03-27
Internal grade inflation is a documented practice in secondary schools (mostly in private schools) that jeopardises fairness with regard to access to medical school. However, it is frequently assumed that the higher internal grades are in fact justifiable, as they correspond to better preparation of students in private schools in areas that national exams do not cover but nevertheless are important. Consequently, it is expected that students from private schools will succeed better in medical school than their colleagues, or at least not perform worse. We aimed to study whether students from private schools do fare better in medical school than their colleagues from public schools, even after adjusting for internal grade inflation. We analysed all students that entered into a medical course from 2007 to 2014. A linear regression was performed using mean grades for the 1st-year curse units (CU) of the medical school curriculum as a dependent variable and student gender, the nature of students' secondary school (public/private), and whether their secondary school highly inflated grades as independent variables. A logistic regression was also performed, modelling whether or not students failed at least one CU exam during the 1st year of medical school as a function of the aforementioned independent variables. Of the 1709 students analysed, 55% came from public secondary schools. Private (vs. public) secondary school (β = - 0.459, p < 0.001) and whether secondary schools highly inflated grades (β = - 0.246, p = 0.003) were independent factors that significantly influenced grades during the first year of medical school. Having attended a private secondary school also significantly increased the odds of a student having failed at least one CU exam during the 1st year of medical school (OR = 1.33), even after adjusting for whether or not the secondary school used highly inflated grades. It is important to further discuss what we can learn from
Privatisation of Public Education? The Emergence of Independent Upper Secondary Schools in Sweden
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Arreman, Inger Erixon; Holm, Ann-Sofie
2011-01-01
This article explores the upper secondary (or post-16) school market. The study on which it is based, funded by the Swedish Research Council, was entitled "Upper-secondary education as a market". Empirical data include official statistics, policy documents, school publications, company reports and school visits. Printed and other news…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lin, Yi-Hsien
2013-01-01
This study was designed to explore the differences between high school teachers with art and science backgrounds in terms of curriculum and student performance in art and design education, federal educational policy, and financial support. The study took place in a local independent school district in Texarkana, Texas. The independent school…
Lighting the School of the Future.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Clanton, Nancy
1999-01-01
Discusses the Austin Independent School District's (Texas) school redesign efforts to allow more daylight in its schools, increase the students' comfort and productivity, and lower utility costs. Return on investment potential from savings in maintenance, replacement, and productivity of the school are highlighted. (GR)
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Brown, Ara Carlos
2012-01-01
The literature on social networks, homophily, and educational backgrounds indicates that people of color have less access to the social capital that would be necessary to be considered for the position of head of an independent school in the United States. Furthermore, research indicates that people of color receive decreased returns on their…
Students' Perceptions of School Counselors: An Investigation of Two High Schools in Beijing, China
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Shi, Qi; Liu, Xi; Leuwerke, Wade
2014-01-01
This study sought to examine students' perceptions of their school counselors in two high schools in Beijing, China. Independent t tests found that female students rated school counselors' availability significantly higher than male students did. Also, students who had received prior counseling services rated counselors significantly higher in the…
Houston prefreshman enrichment program (Houston PREP). Final report, June 10, 1996--August 1, 1996
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
NONE
1996-10-01
The 1996 Houston Pre-freshman Enrichment Program (PREP) was conducted on the campus of the University of Houston-Downtown from June 10 to August 1, 1996. Program Participants were recruited from the Greater Houston area. All participants were identified as high achieving students with an interest in learning about the engineering and science professions. The goal of the program was to better prepare our pre-college youth prior to entering college as mathematics, science and engineering majors. The program participants were middle school and high school students from the Aldine, Alief, Channel View, Crockett, Cypress-Fairbanks, Fort Bend, Galena Park, Houston, Humble, Katy, Klein,more » North Forest, Pasadena, Private, and Spring Branch Independent School Districts. Of the 197 students starting the program, 170 completed, 142 students were from economically and socially disadvantage groups underrepresented in the engineering and science professions, and 121 of the 197 were female. Our First Year group for 1996 composed of 96% minority and women students. Our Second and Third Year students were 100% and 93.75% minority or women respectively. This gave an overall minority and female population of 93.75%. This year, special efforts were again made to recruit students from minority groups, which caused a significant increase in qualified applicants. However, due to space limitations, 140 applicants were rejected. Investigative and discovery learning were key elements of PREP. The academic components of the program included Algebraic Structures, Engineering, Introduction to Computer Science, Introduction to Physics, Logic and Its Application to Mathematics, Probability and Statistics, Problem Solving Seminar using computers and PLATO software, SAT Preparatory Seminars, and Technical Writing.« less
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Piscitelli, Barbara; Mobbs, Jenny
This report documents the results of a comprehensive survey of State, Catholic, and independent primary schools in Queensland and South Australia conducted in 1986 to identify the extent to which after-school care, recreation, education programs, and playgroup activities operated in school venues. A total of 1,927 schools were surveyed by mail;…
Schools, Neighborhood Risk Factors, and Crime
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Willits, Dale; Broidy, Lisa; Denman, Kristine
2013-01-01
Prior research has identified a link between schools (particularly high schools) and neighborhood crime rates. However, it remains unclear whether the relationship between schools and crime is a reflection of other criminogenic dynamics at the neighborhood level or whether schools influence neighborhood crime patterns independently of other…
Internationalisation in Practice in Australian Independent Secondary Schools: A Global-Local Nexus?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fielding, Mark; Vidovich, Lesley
2017-01-01
The phenomenon of internationalisation of education in the twenty-first century has developed more rapidly and has been the subject of more research in higher education than in the schooling sector. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of the perspectives of school leaders, teachers and students about "internationalisation in…
Factors Affecting School Choice: What Do Malaysian Chinese Parents Want?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Siah, Poh Chua; Christina Ong, Sook Beng; Tan, Swee Mee; Sim, Chzia Poaw; Xian Thoo, Raphael Yi
2018-01-01
Aiming to explore factors affecting Malaysian Chinese parents in sending their children to either national secondary schools or Chinese independent schools, 494 parents were surveyed using a questionnaire. Results showed that parents who sent their children to Chinese independent schools have different priorities compared to those who sent theirs…
Private School Chains in Chile: Do Better Schools Scale Up? Policy Analysis. No. 682
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Elacqua, Gregory; Contreras, Dante; Salazar, Felipe; Santos, Humberto
2011-01-01
There is a persistent debate over the role of scale of operations in education. Some argue that school franchises offer educational services more effectively than do small independent schools. Skeptics counter that large, centralized operations create hard-to-manage bureaucracies and foster diseconomies of scale and that small schools are more…
Preliminary Training Proposal for Cessna Aircraft of Independence.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Independence Community Coll., KS.
This proposal for a program designed to train workers to manufacture single-engine, piston-driven aircraft for Cessna Corporation was developed by Independence Community College in conjunction with Pittsburgh State University (Kansas) and the Southeast Kansas Area Vocational-Technical School. The proposal provides for on-site training in a…
Quantification of Self Pollution from Two Diesel School Buses using Three Independent Methods.
Liu, L-J Sally; Phuleria, Harish C; Webber, Whitney; Davey, Mark; Lawson, Douglas R; Ireson, Robert G; Zielinska, Barbara; Ondov, John M; Weaver, Christopher S; Lapin, Charles A; Easter, Michael; Hesterberg, Thomas W; Larson, Timothy
2010-09-01
We monitored two Seattle school buses to quantify the buses' self pollution using the dual tracers (DT), lead vehicle (LV), and chemical mass balance (CMB) methods. Each bus drove along a residential route simulating stops, with windows closed or open. Particulate matter (PM) and its constituents were monitored in the bus and from a LV. We collected source samples from the tailpipe and crankcase emissions using an on-board dilution tunnel. Concentrations of PM(1), ultrafine particle counts, elemental and organic carbon (EC/OC) were higher on the bus than the LV. The DT method estimated that the tailpipe and the crankcase emissions contributed 1.1 and 6.8 mug/m(3) of PM(2.5) inside the bus, respectively, with significantly higher crankcase self pollution (SP) when windows were closed. Approximately two-thirds of in-cabin PM(2.5) originated from background sources. Using the LV approach, SP estimates from the EC and the active personal DataRAM (pDR) measurements correlated well with the DT estimates for tailpipe and crankcase emissions, respectively, although both measurements need further calibration for accurate quantification. CMB results overestimated SP from the DT method but confirmed crankcase emissions as the major SP source. We confirmed buses' SP using three independent methods and quantified crankcase emissions as the dominant contributor.
Quantification of self pollution from two diesel school buses using three independent methods
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Sally Liu, L.-J.; Phuleria, Harish C.; Webber, Whitney; Davey, Mark; Lawson, Douglas R.; Ireson, Robert G.; Zielinska, Barbara; Ondov, John M.; Weaver, Christopher S.; Lapin, Charles A.; Easter, Michael; Hesterberg, Thomas W.; Larson, Timothy
2010-09-01
We monitored two Seattle school buses to quantify the buses' self pollution using the dual tracers (DT), lead vehicle (LV), and chemical mass balance (CMB) methods. Each bus drove along a residential route simulating stops, with windows closed or open. Particulate matter (PM) and its constituents were monitored in the bus and from a LV. We collected source samples from the tailpipe and crankcase emissions using an on-board dilution tunnel. Concentrations of PM 1, ultrafine particle counts, elemental and organic carbon (EC/OC) were higher on the bus than the LV. The DT method estimated that the tailpipe and the crankcase emissions contributed 1.1 and 6.8 μg m -3 of PM 2.5 inside the bus, respectively, with significantly higher crankcase self pollution (SP) when windows were closed. Approximately two-thirds of in-cabin PM 2.5 originated from background sources. Using the LV approach, SP estimates from the EC and the active personal DataRAM (pDR) measurements correlated well with the DT estimates for tailpipe and crankcase emissions, respectively, although both measurements need further calibration for accurate quantification. CMB results overestimated SP from the DT method but confirmed crankcase emissions as the major SP source. We confirmed buses' SP using three independent methods and quantified crankcase emissions as the dominant contributor.
Quantification of Self Pollution from Two Diesel School Buses using Three Independent Methods
Liu, L.-J. Sally; Phuleria, Harish C.; Webber, Whitney; Davey, Mark; Lawson, Douglas R.; Ireson, Robert G.; Zielinska, Barbara; Ondov, John M.; Weaver, Christopher S.; Lapin, Charles A.; Easter, Michael; Hesterberg, Thomas W.; Larson, Timothy
2010-01-01
We monitored two Seattle school buses to quantify the buses’ self pollution using the dual tracers (DT), lead vehicle (LV), and chemical mass balance (CMB) methods. Each bus drove along a residential route simulating stops, with windows closed or open. Particulate matter (PM) and its constituents were monitored in the bus and from a LV. We collected source samples from the tailpipe and crankcase emissions using an on-board dilution tunnel. Concentrations of PM1, ultrafine particle counts, elemental and organic carbon (EC/OC) were higher on the bus than the LV. The DT method estimated that the tailpipe and the crankcase emissions contributed 1.1 and 6.8 μg/m3 of PM2.5 inside the bus, respectively, with significantly higher crankcase self pollution (SP) when windows were closed. Approximately two-thirds of in-cabin PM2.5 originated from background sources. Using the LV approach, SP estimates from the EC and the active personal DataRAM (pDR) measurements correlated well with the DT estimates for tailpipe and crankcase emissions, respectively, although both measurements need further calibration for accurate quantification. CMB results overestimated SP from the DT method but confirmed crankcase emissions as the major SP source. We confirmed buses’ SP using three independent methods and quantified crankcase emissions as the dominant contributor. PMID:20694046
Principles of School Business Management.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wood, R. Craig, Ed.
This textbook of 24 chapters provides administrators and students with information on the role, activities, and responsibilities of the school business administrator. The independently authored chapters are titled as follows: (1) "Introduction to School Business Management" (F. Mike Miles); (2) "Legal Context of the Public School District" (Paul…
Oregon Small Schools Program: A Title III Project. Independent Evaluation Report, 1972.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Miller, Donald F.
An Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) Title III project, the 1971-72 Oregon Small Schools Program (OSSP) objectives were (1) to increase member schools receptivity to new and better ideas in education; (2) to implement new programs and apply new techniques consistent with the Oregon Board of Education priority objectives and with the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Grubbs, Natalie Kane
2013-01-01
The purpose of this study was to gain a fuller understanding of the sort of assistance, support, or education parents feel they need from school counselors in parenting adolescents. The research question examined was: What sort of assistance, support, or education do independent school parents feel they need from school counselors in raising…
[Lee Jungsook, a Korean independence activist and a nurse during the Japanese colonial period].
Kim, Sook Young
2015-04-01
This article examines the life of Lee Jungsook, a Korean nurse, as a independence activist during the Japanese colonial period. Lee Jungsook(1896-1950) was born in Bukchung in Hamnam province. She studied at Chungshin girl's high school and worked at Severance hospital. The characteristics and culture of her educational background and work place were very important factors which influenced greatly the life of Lee Jungsook. She learned independent spirit and nationalism from Chungshin girls' high school and worked as nurse at the Severance hospital which were full of intense aspiration for Korea's independence. Many of doctors, professors and medical students were participated in the 3.1 Independence Movement. Lee Jungsook was a founding member of Hyulsungdan who tried to help the independence activists in prison and their families and worked as a main member of Korean Women's Association for Korean Independece and Kyungsung branch of the Korean Red Cross. She was sent to jail by the Japanese government for her independence activism. After being released after serving two years confinement, she worked for the Union for Women's Liberation as a founding member. Lee Joungsook was a great independence activist who had a nursing care spirit as a nurse.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Trimmer, Karen
2013-01-01
With the increasing diversity in schools and the call for addressing specific regional needs, decentralized regulation of the education system is often proposed as an alternative approach to achieve school improvement. Researchers have often associated experimentation and risk-taking as key aspects of effective educational leadership while…
Education, employment, and independent living of young adults who are deaf and hard of hearing.
Appelman, Karen I; Callahan, Judy Ottren; Mayer, Margaret H; Luetke, Barbara S; Stryker, Deborah S
2012-01-01
Little information is available on the education, employment, and independent living status of young deaf and hard of hearing adults who have transitioned from high school. The present article reports postsecondary outcomes of 46 young adults who had attended for at least 4 years a non-public agency school in the northwestern United States specializing in deaf education. School administrators had developed a specific philosophy and operationalized it in an academic and literacy-based curriculum incorporating a grammatically accurate signing system. The researchers found that most or all participants had finished high school, had earned a college degree, were employed, and were living independently. Findings are discussed in terms of the available literature and the study's contribution to a limited body of recent research on young postsecondary deaf and hard of hearing adults.
Principles of Technology. Final Report, Leander Independent School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Leander Independent School District, TX.
Principles of Technology was designed as a high school course in applied science for vocational students in the 11th and 12th grades in Leander, Texas. It consists of a 2-year curriculum covering 14 units in applied physics: (1) force; (2) work; (3) rate; (4) resistance; (5) energy; (6) power; (7) force transformers; (8) momentum; (9) waves and…
Devakumar, Delan; Wells, Jonathan C.K.; Saville, Naomi; Reid, Alice; Costello, Anthony; Manandhar, Dharma S; Osrin, David
2016-01-01
Objectives Factors acting before children are born or reach school‐going age may explain why some do not complete primary education. Many relevant factors relate to maternal phenotype, but few studies have tested for independent associations of maternal factors relative to those characterizing the family in general. Methods Using data from a longitudinal study of 838 children in Dhanusha, Nepal, we used logistic regression models to test whether indices of maternal somatic and educational capital, or family economic capital, were independently associated with children having had ≤2 versus 3+ years of schooling at a mean age of 8.5 years. We also tested whether maternal age, children's early growth, and urban/rural location mediated such associations. Results Children had a higher risk of completing less schooling if their mothers were short, thin, anemic, and uneducated. Independently, lower family material assets and land acreage also increased children's odds of less schooling. There was an indication of gender differences, with the risk of poor educational attainment in girls associated with low maternal somatic and educational capital, whereas in boys the relevant factors were low maternal education and family land ownership. Conclusions Our analysis demonstrates that, independent of broader indices of family capital such as land or material assets, children's educational attainment is associated with factors embodied in maternal phenotype. Both somatic and educational maternal capital appeared important. A composite index of maternal capital could provide a new measurable proxy, prior to school entry, for identifying children at risk of completing fewer years of schooling. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:687–698, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. PMID:27135632
Specialized Courses Teaching Mode Innovation of the Independent College Based on MOOCS
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hongxia, Sun; Na, Zhao; Zhixiang, Zhang; Feng, Li; Pengcheng, Zhu
2017-01-01
Independent college is a new kind of school-running pattern, on the basis of independent college computer professional course teaching, based on the background of MOOCS, specialized course teaching mode principle, on the basis of design is given priority to, the class online course of classroom teaching mode. To a certain extent can motivate we…
Case Study: William Charles Akins High School.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Southern Regional Education Board (SREB), 2011
2011-01-01
Akins High School is the newest and second largest high school in the Austin Independent School District in Austin, Texas. This report describes how the school has used small learning communities and the "HSTW" framework of Key Practices to improve the school culture, personalize the learning environment, improve student achievement and…
Botlaguduru, Venkata S V; Kommalapati, Raghava R; Huque, Ziaul
2018-04-19
The Houston-Galveston-Brazoria (HGB) area of Texas has a history of ozone exceedances and is currently classified under moderate nonattainment status for the 2008 8-hr ozone standard of 75 ppb. The HGB area is characterized by intense solar radiation, high temperature, and humidity, which influence day-to-day variations in ozone concentrations. Long-term air quality trends independent of meteorological influence need to be constructed for ascertaining the effectiveness of air quality management in this area. The Kolmogorov-Zurbenko (KZ) filter technique used to separate different scales of motion in a time series, is applied in the current study for maximum daily 8-hr (MDA8) ozone concentrations at an urban site (EPA AQS Site ID: 48-201-0024, Aldine) in the HGB area. This site located within 10 miles of downtown Houston and the George Bush Intercontinental Airport, was selected for developing long-term meteorologically independent MDA8 ozone trends for the years 1990-2016. Results from this study indicate a consistent decrease in meteorologically independent MDA8 ozone between 2000-2016. This pattern could be partially attributed to a reduction in underlying NO X emissions, particularly that of lowering nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) levels, and a decrease in the release of highly reactive volatile organic compounds (HRVOC). Results also suggest solar radiation to be most strongly correlated to ozone, with temperature being the secondary meteorological control variable. Relative humidity and wind speed have tertiary influence at this site. This study observed that meteorological variability accounts for a high of 61% variability in baseline ozone (low-frequency component, sum of long-term and seasonal components), while 64% of the change in long-term MDA8 ozone post-2000 could be attributed to NO X emissions reduction. Long-term MDA8 ozone trend component was estimated to be decreasing at a linear rate of 0.412 ± 0.007 ppb/yr for the years 2000-2016, and 0.155
Ozaki, Risa; Qiao, Qing; Wong, Gary W K; Chan, Michael H M; So, Wing‐Yee; Tong, Peter C Y; Ho, C S; Ko, Gary Tin‐Choi; Kong, Alice P S; Lam, Christopher W K; Tuomilehto, Jaakko; Chan, Juliana C N
2007-01-01
Background Overweight and metabolic syndrome (MES) are emerging in both adult and paediatric populations. Aims To study the prevalence of and associated risk factors for the MES, using the National Cholesterol Education Program definition, among Hong Kong Chinese adolescents studying in secondary schools. Methods This was a cross‐sectional, population‐based study. A sample of 2115 Chinese adolescents was randomly selected from 14 secondary schools throughout Hong Kong. Data on anthropometric parameters, fasting blood and urine samples were collected in the school setting. Information regarding the adolescent's family history of diabetes, perinatal history, socioeconomic status and school grading was evaluated. Results The prevalence of MES was 2.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8 to 3.1), with no significant difference between boys (2.9%) and girls (2%). The prevalence of various components of MES was 32.2% (30.2 to 34.2) for hypertension, 10.9% (9.6 to 12.2) for increased triglyceride, 9.0% (7.8 to 10.2) for central adiposity, 2.4% (1.7 to 3) for low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and 0.3% (0.1 to 0.6) for impaired fasting glucose. On multivariate analysis, overweight (odds ratio 32.2; 95% CI 13.2 to 78.4), positive family history of diabetes (4.3; 1.3 to 14.1) and studying at schools of lower academic grading (5.5; 2.2 to 13.7) were found to be independent risk factors for MES. Conclusion A comparable prevalence of MES (2%) is observed in our study group Chinese adolescent girls and in US girls (2.1%), but a lower prevalence in Chinese boys (2.9%) than in US boys (6.1%). In our study, 41.8% harbour at least one component of the syndrome. Both families and schools should be alerted to this growing epidemic. PMID:17088339
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Anthony, Kenneth V.
2013-01-01
This study examined the perspectives of home school families regarding the rights, interests, and responsibilities of family and state over education. These families viewed the common good differently than critics of home schooling. They believed the diversity of curriculum and worldview in their home schools positively impacts the common good by…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Evans, Robert; Thompson, Michael G.
2016-01-01
Over the last 30 years, Robert Evans and Michael Thompson have been called to consult with more than 2,000 schools independent and public, in the United States and internationally. These school visits have given them a deep appreciation for the range and complexity of challenges schools face and for their capacity to master evolving problems. With…
Engaging the Racial Elephant: How Leadership on Racial Literacy Improves Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Coleman, Sherry; Stevenson, Howard C.
2014-01-01
When it comes to diversity work in independent schools--especially regarding race--the research makes it clear that there is one very large and rather noisy elephant in most independent schools. If not acknowledged and addressed, it will keep schools from fulfilling not only their diversity missions but also their overall missions--especially…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tinajero, Carolina; Paramo, M. Fernanda
1998-01-01
Reviews research into the possible effects of field dependence/independence on achievement at school. Finds that field-independent subjects perform better than field-dependent subjects, whether in a specific discipline or across all subjects. Discusses possible explanations for this difference in performance. Includes a chart summarizing the…
A Model for Implementing the Project Physics Course for Independent Study. Final Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bolin, Calvin
Included are results of a study conducted to assess the possibilities and effectiveness of learning physics at high school level via independent study. The sample was drawn from a regular high school physics class. During the experiment, no instruction was carried out by any teacher. An auto-instructional system was developed and provided for use…
Physiotherapy in Ordinary Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Davies, Jean; Hunt, Agnes
1980-01-01
A program to provide physiotherapy to mainstreamed physically handicapped English school children (from preschool through high school) is described. Begun in 1978, the once a week service has increased the independence of the children served and brought a better understanding of the handicapped students' capabilities to their teachers. (PHR)
The Potential of "Alternative" Charter School Authorizers
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Palmer, Bierlein
2007-01-01
In the early 1990s a handful of states created independent public charter schools, providing opportunities for teachers and others to develop innovative schooling options. Unlike private schools funded through vouchers or tuition tax credits, these new public schools practice open admissions, accepting all students as space permits. In exchange…
School of the Future Handbook. A Guide for Technology Implementation. F. M. Black Middle School.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Smith, Richard Alan; Sassi, Anthony
In 1985, Apple Computer, Inc., and the Houston Independent School District began a project to create a model School of the Future at the F. M. Black Middle School. As described in this guide, the project was designed to demonstrate how microcomputers and related technology can make the process of instruction more efficient and effective. The…
Whose School Buildings Are They, Anyway?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Smith, Nelson
2012-01-01
School districts held an exclusive franchise on public education services until 1991, when Minnesota passed the first law permitting public charter schools. Charter schools are publicly funded, authorized by various agencies designated in public law, but independently managed. They operate outside district control, and most can draw students from…
If You Require It, Will They Learn from It? Student Perceptions of an Independent Research Project
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Conner, Jerusha O.
2010-01-01
Although most teachers believe that "students should write at least one in-depth paper during high school," the independent research paper is disappearing from high school curricula in the face of two competing pressures: the need to prepare for high-stakes tests and student "senioritis." In many high schools, the senior year has become "a…
Job Satisfaction among Elementary School Teachers
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chambers, Sandy Kay Bass
2010-01-01
This study examined teacher job satisfaction as influenced by school factors. One hundred and twenty-four elementary teachers, from one large urban school district in North Carolina, rated their level of job satisfaction. The independent variables were schools factors of (a) academic achievement, (b) student racial composition, and (c) social…
Understanding the Growth of Christian Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Turner, William Lloyd
The number of independent fundamentalist Protestant schools and students has been increasing rapidly in the last few decades. Research in Kentucky and Wisconsin on administrators and parents in these Christian schools indicates the reasons why such schools are started and why families send their children to them. Administrators start Christian…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
General Accounting Office, Washington, DC.
To determine how school districts are handling the problems of asbestos in their schools, the General Accounting Office (GAO) conducted interviews and asked standarized questions of officials at 6 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regional offices, 12 state offices, and 36 school districts in 12 states. This report presents information on the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
2011-01-01
This one-page report presents overall results, achievement level percentages and average score results, scores at selected percentiles, average scores for district and large cities, results for student groups (school race, gender, and eligibility for National School Lunch Program) in 2011, and score gaps for student groups. In 2011, the average…
A Look in the Mirror: One School's Study of Race-Based Achievement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Johnson, Brian
2014-01-01
Helping all students find academic success is a central tenet of independent schools. But at many independent schools, mounting anecdotal evidence indicates that a persistent achievement gap exists between white and Asian-American students and their Latino and African-American counterparts. In 2007, Rebecca Upham, head of school at Buckingham…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lunneblad, Johannes; Odenbring, Ylva; Hellman, Anette
2017-01-01
The focus of the present study is on how educators and students create a "sense of belonging" and school identity. The ethnography was carried out at an independent Christian school with children and students aged six to sixteen years. This study's aim is to contribute knowledge about how the identity of a school has become an important…
The role of the independent neuropsychologist in special education.
Hurewitz, Felicia; Kerr, Sonja
2011-08-01
Neuropsychologists are playing an increasing role in special education. We explain steps that neuropsychologists can take to ethically and effectively approach the "quasi-forensic" role of independent evaluator. Because neuropsychologists may provide reports for treatment, school programming, and legal disputes, it is important that they are familiar with the school programming process and the unique litigation procedures available for children with disabilities in special education. We provide guidelines including determining referral questions, obtaining outside information, choosing assessments, considering the legal constructs of questions, reviewing discrepant results from other evaluations and Individual Education Plans and communicating ideas.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Komatsu, Taro
2014-05-01
This study seeks to understand whether and how decentralised school governance in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) enhances the schools' role of promoting social cohesion. This includes increasing "horizontal" trust among different ethnic groups and "vertical" trust between civilians and public institutes. The study examined secondary school leaders' perceptions regarding school board influence on social cohesion policies and practices, their interactions with school board members, and their accountability to the school-based governing body. The results show that school leaders and school boards, supposedly representing the interests of local stakeholders, did not appear to be actively engaged in the deliberate process of promoting social cohesion. While school directors tended to view themselves as being independent from the school boards, ethnically diverse school boards provided important support to proactive school leaders for their inter-group activities. Given that the central level is not providing initiatives to promote social cohesion and that BiH citizens appear to generally support social cohesion, decentralised school governance has the potential to improve social trust from the bottom up. To promote participatory school governance, the study recommends that BiH school leaders should be provided with opportunities to re-examine and redefine their professional accountability and to assist local stakeholders to improve their involvement in school governance.
The Field Dependence-Independence Construct: Some, One, or None.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Linn, Marcia C.; Kyllonen, Patrick
The field dependency/independency construct (FDI) was measured using tests of perception of the upright such as the Rod and Frame Test (RFT) and tests of cognitive restructuring such as the Hidden Figures Test (HFT); relationships between cognitive restructing and perception of the upright were investigated. High school seniors received 34 tests…
School, family and adolescent smoking.
Yañez, Aina; Leiva, Alfonso; Gorreto, Lucia; Estela, Andreu; Tejera, Elena; Torrent, Maties
2013-01-01
The socio-cultural environment is an important factor involved with the onset of smoking during adolescence. Initiation of cigarette smoking occurs almost exclusively during this stage. In this context we aimed to analyze the association of school and family factors with adolescent smoking by a cross-sectional study of 16 secondary schools randomly selected from the Balearic Islands involved 3673 students and 530 teachers. The prevalence of regular smoking (at least one cigarette per week) was 4.8% among first year students, 11.6% among second year students, 14.1% among third year students, 20.9% among fourth year students and 22% among teachers. Among first and second year students, there were independent associations between regular smoking and adolescents' perception of being allowed to smoke at home, belonging to a single parent family, poor relationship with parents, poor academic performance, lack of interest in studies and teachers' perception of smoking in the presence of pupils. Among third and fourth year students, there were independent associations between regular smoking and poor relationship with parents, adolescents' perception of being allowed to smoke at home, poor academic performance, lack of control over student misbehavior and the school attended. The school policies and practices affect student related health behavior regarding smoking, independent of individual and family factors.
Self-Organized Volunteers in Rural Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lu, Kun
2008-01-01
This paper reports some findings from a longitudinal study of a group of volunteers at an independent school in China. Founded by a committed group of volunteers, Springfield School has been self-sustaining and has provided junior high school education for the past eight years. The author describes the demographic and education background of the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Johnson, Temperance L.
2014-01-01
Students with significant developmental disabilities who engage in activities outside the classroom appear to have better post-school outcomes in the areas of employability, living skills, and independence. No research has examined whether functional independence was significantly different in graduates with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who have…
School Improvement Plans and Student Learning in Jamaica
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lockheed, Marlaine; Harris, Abigail; Jayasundera, Tamara
2010-01-01
A school improvement program that provided support to poor-performing schools on the basis of needs identified in a school improvement plan was implemented in 72 government schools in Jamaica, from 1998 to 2005. In this independent evaluation of the program, we use propensity score matching to create, post hoc, a control group of schools that were…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McKee, Marlene, Comp.; And Others
A 1982-83 manual on school-based occupational therapy and physical therapy (OT/PT) services in Texas is presented. Contents include: guidelines, evaluation forms, student and therapists' documentation forms, and policy/procedures manuals for a suburban independent school district and a rural independent school district. Part I provides the…
Independent Community Pharmacists' Perspectives on Compounding in Contemporary Pharmacy Education
McPherson, Timothy B.; Fontane, Patrick E.; Berry, Tricia; Chereson, Rasma; Bilger, Rhonda
2009-01-01
Objectives To identify compounding practices of independent community pharmacy practitioners in order to make recommendations for the development of curricular objectives for doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) programs. Methods Independent community practitioners were asked about compounding regarding their motivations, common activities, educational exposures, and recommendations for PharmD education. Results Most respondents (69%) accepted compounding as a component of pharmaceutical care and compounded dermatological preparations for local effects, oral solutions, and suspensions at least once a week. Ninety-five percent were exposed to compounding in required pharmacy school courses and most (98%) who identified compounding as a professional service offered in their pharmacy sought additional postgraduate compounding education. Regardless of the extent of compounding emphasis in the practices surveyed, 84% stated that PharmD curricula should include compounding. Conclusions Pharmacy schools should define compounding curricular objectives and develop compounding abilities in a required laboratory course to prepare graduates for pharmaceutical care practice. PMID:19564997
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mays, Nicole McGaha; Heflin, L. Juane
2011-01-01
This study was conducted to determine the effects of self-operated auditory prompting systems (SOAPs) on independent self-care task completion of elementary-school-aged children with autism and intellectual disabilities. Prerecorded verbal prompts on a student-operated tape recorder were employed to facilitate independence in washing hands and…
Promoting Quality and Variety through the Public Financing of Privately Operated Schools in Qatar
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Constant, Louay; Goldman, Charles A.; Zellman, Gail L.; Augustine, Catherine H.; Galama, Titus; Gonzalez, Gabriella; Guarino, C. A.; Karam, Rita; Ryan, Gery W.; Salem, Hanine
2010-01-01
In 2002, Qatar began establishing publicly funded, privately operated "independent schools" in parallel with the existing, centralized Ministry of Education system. The reform that drove the establishment of the independent schools included accountability provisions such as (a) measuring school and student performance and (b)…
Arabic in Australian Islamic Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hall, Michael
1996-01-01
Presents census data on the Muslim population in Australia and overviews full-time independent Islamic schools offering a comprehensive education across the curriculum. Argues that these schools offer great potential for the successful development of Arabic language and cultural literacy skills required by Australian exporters and diplomats in the…
Dort, Jonathan M; Trickey, Amber W; Kallies, Kara J; Joshi, Amit R T; Sidwell, Richard A; Jarman, Benjamin T
2015-01-01
This study evaluated characteristics of applicants selected for interview and ranked by independent general surgery residency programs and assessed independent program application volumes, interview selection, rank list formation, and match success. Demographic and academic information was analyzed for 2014-2015 applicants. Applicant characteristics were compared by ranking status using univariate and multivariable statistical techniques. Characteristics independently associated with whether or not an applicant was ranked were identified using multivariable logistic regression modeling with backward stepwise variable selection and cluster-correlated robust variance estimates to account for correlations among individuals who applied to multiple programs. The Electronic Residency Application Service was used to obtain applicant data and program match outcomes at 33 independent surgery programs. All applicants selected to interview at 33 participating independent general surgery residency programs were included in the study. Applicants were 60% male with median age of 26 years. Birthplace was well distributed. Most applicants (73%) had ≥1 academic publication. Median United States Medical Licensing Exams (USMLE) Step 1 score was 228 (interquartile range: 218-240), and median USMLE Step 2 clinical knowledge score was 241 (interquartile range: 231-250). Residency programs in some regions more often ranked applicants who attended medical school within the same region. On multivariable analysis, significant predictors of ranking by an independent residency program were: USMLE scores, medical school region, and birth region. Independent programs received an average of 764 applications (range: 307-1704). On average, 12% interviews, and 81% of interviewed applicants were ranked. Most programs (84%) matched at least 1 applicant ranked in their top 10. Participating independent programs attract a large volume of applicants and have high standards in the selection process
Safe Schools? Transgender Youth's School Experiences and Perceptions of School Climate.
Day, Jack K; Perez-Brumer, Amaya; Russell, Stephen T
2018-06-01
The magnitude of gender identity-related disparities in school-based outcomes is unknown because of a lack of representative studies that include measures of gender identity. By utilizing a representative sample generalizable to a broader population, this study elucidates the size of gender identity-related disparities, independent of sexual orientation, in school experiences associated with school connectedness and perceptions of school climate. Additionally, the inclusion of and comparison to results of a large non-representative sample allows for more direct comparisons to previous studies of the school experiences of transgender youth. The analyses in this study primarily draw on a sample of 31,896 youth representative of the middle and high school population in California who participated in the 2013-2015 California Student Survey (a subsample of the California Healthy Kids Survey, which includes the largest known sample of transgender youth). Over half the sample identified their sex as female (51.3%), and 398 identified as transgender (1.0%). The sample was racially and ethnically diverse: 30.7% identified as multiracial, 33.0% as White, 11.1% as Asian, 7.4% as Black, and 52.9% as Hispanic. Findings from multilevel analyses show that relative to non-transgender youth, transgender youth were more likely to be truant from school, to experience victimization and bias-based bullying, and to report more negative perceptions of school climate, though did not differ in self-reported grades. The findings have implications for improving school policies and practices to create safer and more supportive school climates for all youth.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Studsrod, Ingunn; Bru, Edvin
2012-01-01
Lack of adjustment or school failure is of concern to educators, child welfare workers, educational, and school psychologists as well as parents, but there are few studies on this aspect of education, especially among late adolescents. Furthermore, there is a lack of research on teachers as socialization agents as an independent variable in…
Self-Evaluation Manual for School Business Management.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pennsylvania Association of School Business Officials, Harrisburg.
To augment the Pennsylvania Association of School Business Officials in the establishment of the highest standards and practices in school business administration, this manual provides an evaluation instrument of school business functions. Each of the 18 self-evaluation chapters is structured to be used independently and may be utilized in any…
Charter School Funding: Inequity in New York City
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Maloney, Larry D.; Wolf, Patrick J.
2017-01-01
New York City was home to 1,575 district and 183 charter schools in Fiscal Year 2014 (FY2014). Seven percent of all public school students in New York City attended charter schools that year. Researchers systematically reviewed funding and spending documents involving the city's district-run and independent charter schools for FY2014. Research…
School Mathematics Qualifications and Work
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Drake, Pat; Noyes, Andrew; Wake, Geoff
2012-01-01
This article explores the relationship between school mathematics qualifications and the transition into employment. As part of a large-scale, three-year independent evaluation of pilot qualifications in 14-19 school mathematics, all 39 Sector Skills Councils and Employment Skills Boards in the UK were invited to provide evidence regarding their…
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Reed, Krystal Astra
The "Advancement via Individual Determination (AVID) program was designed to provide resources and strategies that enable underrepresented minority students to attend 4-year colleges" (AVID Center, 2013, p. 2). These students are characterized as the forgotten middle in that they have high test scores, average-to-low grades, minority or low socioeconomic status, and will be first-generation college students (AVID, 2011). Research indicates (Huerta, Watt, & Butcher, 2013) that strict adherence to 11 program components supports success of students enrolled in AVID, and AVID certification depends on districts following those components. Several studies (AVID Center, 2013) have investigated claims about the AVID program through qualitative analyses; however, very few have addressed this program quantitatively. This researcher sought to determine whether differences existed between student achievement and attendance rates between AVID and non-AVID middle schools. To achieve this goal, the researcher compared eighth-grade science and seventh- and eighth-grade mathematics scores from the 2007 to 2011 Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (TAKS) and overall attendance rates in demographically equivalent AVID and non-AVID middle schools. Academic Excellence Indicator System (AEIS) reports from the Texas Education Agency (TEA) were used to obtain 2007 to 2011 TAKS results and attendance information for the selected schools. The results indicated a statistically significant difference between AVID demonstration students and non-AVID students in schools with similar CI. No statistically significant differences were found on any component of the TAKS for AVID economically disadvantaged students. The mean scores indicated an achievement gap between non-AVID and AVID demonstration middle schools. The findings from the other three research questions indicated no statistically significant differences between AVID and non-AVID student passing rates on the seventh- and eighth
Litigation and School Finance: A Cautionary Tale
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Russo, Charles J.
2010-01-01
Beginning in the early 1970s, plaintiffs initiated a veritable tidal wave of litigation over financing public education in states with unequal funding for students in poor school systems. In the only case on school finance to reach the United States Supreme Court, "San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez" (1973), the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Jung, Jae Yup; McCormick, John; Gregory, Gary; Barnett, Kerry
2011-01-01
The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of culture and motivation in the occupational decisions of senior high school students attending private schools. A theoretical framework guided the study. A questionnaire was administered to 492 Grade 11 students attending a stratified random sample of six independent (private) schools…
So I Sat Down with My Mother: Connectedness Orientation and Pupils' Independence
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Eklöf, Anders; Nilsson, Lars-Erik; Svensson, Peter
Swedish educational policy underlines the importance of independence. In this paper we use socio-cultural theory and Foucault to explain how pupils’ independency is transformed into something else in their work. Our results derive from analyses of filmed sessions and entries in the pupils’ logbooks. Our findings demonstrate that the pupils’ definitions of independence differ from those of the course plan in several aspects: i) the use of certain resources is not considered to show lack of independence, ii) doing things yourself is considered being most independent and iii) to follow instructions, even if this means violating your unique personal thought, is considered a prerequisite for passing/getting good grades and as such a necessary adaption to the school context, sooner than a sign of dependency. Consequently we argue that pupil independency should be regarded as a phenomenon chiseled out within a community of practice rather than a personal capacity.
Financing a Private School Education
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Torres, Amanda
2014-01-01
A recent National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS) survey of more than 1,200 individuals who filed financial aid forms underscores the central role financial aid plays in their ability to pursue a private education for their children. This article highlights the survey findings, demonstrating why school leaders need to thoroughly analyze…
In Nonobese Children, Fitness and BMI are Independent Predictors of Fasting Insulin.
Watson, Andrew M; Eickhoff, Jens; Nemeth, Blaise A; Carrel, Aaron L
2015-05-01
Although fitness and obesity have been shown to be independent predictors of cardiometabolic disease risk in obese children, this interaction is not well defined in nonobese children. The purpose of this study was to define the relationships between peak aerobic capacity, body composition, and fasting insulin levels in nonobese middle school children. 148 middle school children (mean age 11.0 ± 2.1 years, 49% male) underwent determination of body mass index (BMI) z-score, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, body composition by DXA scan (lean body mass and body fat percentage), and peak oxygen uptake per kg of lean body mass (VO2peak). Univariate correlations and multivariate regression analysis were used to identify independent predictors of fasting insulin using age, sex, percent body fat, body mass index z-score, and VO2peak. fasting insulin was significantly related to VO2peak (r =-0.37, p < .001), percent body fat (r = .27, p < .001), and BMI z-score (r = .33, p = .002). After inclusion in the multivariate model, VO2peak (p = .018) and body mass index z-score (p = .043) remained significant predictors of fasting insulin, while age (p = .39), sex (p = .49), and percent body fat (p = .72) did not. Among nonobese middle school children, fasting insulin is independently related to aerobic fitness after accounting for age, sex, and body composition. Public health efforts to reduce cardiometabolic disease risk among all adolescents should include exercise programs to increase cardiovascular fitness.
Education, Employment, and Independent Living of Young Adults Who Are Deaf and Hard of Hearing
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Appelman, Karen I.; Callahan, Judy Ottren; Mayer, Margaret H.; Luetke, Barbara S.; Stryker, Deborah S.
2012-01-01
Little information is available on the education, employment, and independent living status of young deaf and hard of hearing adults who have transitioned from high school. The present article reports post-secondary outcomes of 46 young adults who had attended for at least 4 years a non-public agency school in the northwestern United States…
Collecting and Using Student Information for School Improvement.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Riegel, N. Blyth
This paper suggests methods for collecting and using student information for school improvement by describing how the Richardson Independent School District (RISD), Texas, determines data for effective school management decisionmaking. RISD readily accesses student information via a networked database on line with the central office's IBM…
Studies Spotlight Charter Schools Aimed at Diversity
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Zubrzycki, Jaclyn
2012-01-01
Nearly six decades after "Brown" v. "Board of Education," the landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that ushered in an era of efforts to integrate public schools, charter school advocates and researchers are shining a light on a number of those independent public schools that are integrated by design. Two new reports--one from…
Realizing the Promise of Brand-Name Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wilson, Steven F.
2005-01-01
The proliferation of high-quality independent charter schools is constrained by the shortage of founders committed to evidence-based school designs and possessing the broad-ranging skills to make good on their audacious plans. The time and energies of such exceptional leaders are deployed over years in building schools that rarely reach more than…
Are Independent Probes Truly Independent?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Camp, Gino; Pecher, Diane; Schmidt, Henk G.; Zeelenberg, Rene
2009-01-01
The independent cue technique has been developed to test traditional interference theories against inhibition theories of forgetting. In the present study, the authors tested the critical criterion for the independence of independent cues: Studied cues not presented during test (and unrelated to test cues) should not contribute to the retrieval…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dreier, William H.; Pilgrim, Ronald
In Winnebago County, Iowa, the earliest school district was the township, organized with ungraded one-room schools. The town of Buffalo Center worked with its township school district to become, in 1895, a town independent school district with its service area being the township. In 1896 the new district offered graded elementary and high schools.…
Project Proficiency: Assessing the Independent Effects of High School Reform in an Urban District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Baete, Glenn S.; Hochbein, Craig
2014-01-01
The authors sought to determine if an urban school district's effort to fundamentally change teaching, assessment, and intervention practices increased student achievement and decreased achievement variation among classrooms in 11 high schools. They examined Grade 11 mathematics achievement data from the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 Kentucky Core…
Local School Governance in Sweden: Boards, Parents, and Democracy
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Holmgren, Mikael; Johansson, Olof; Nihlfors, Elisabet; Skott, Pia
2012-01-01
Sweden has recently seen three major political attempts to empower parents through national regulations--the transferal of authority from the state to district school boards, the heavy promotion of independent schools, and the introduction of local school boards at municipality schools. This article provides an overview of these developments by…
Nicholson, Lisa; Turner, Lindsey; Schneider, Linda; Chriqui, Jamie; Chaloupka, Frank
2014-05-01
State laws and farm-to-school programs (FTSPs) have the potential to increase fruit and vegetable (FV) availability in school meals. This study examined whether FV were more available in public elementary school lunches in states with a law requiring/encouraging FTSPs or with a locally grown-related law, and whether the relationship between state laws and FV availability could be explained by schools opting for FTSPs. A pooled, cross-sectional analysis linked a nationally representative sample of public elementary schools with state laws. A series of multivariate logistic regressions, controlling for school-level demographics were performed according to mediation analysis procedures for dichotomous outcomes. Roughly 50% of schools reported FV availability in school lunches on most days of the week. Schools with the highest FV availability (70.6%) were in states with laws and schools with FTSPs. State laws requiring/encouraging FTSPs were significantly associated with increased FV availability in schools and a significant percentage (13%) of this relationship was mediated by schools having FTSPs. Because state farm-to-school laws are associated with significantly higher FV availability in schools-through FTSPs, as well as independently-enacting more state legislation may facilitate increased FTSP participation by schools and increased FV availability in school meals. © 2014, American School Health Association.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wheatley, Vicki Ann
2012-01-01
The relationship between components of the local school district report card, school district typology, and the outcome of public school tax levy requests were examined in this study. A correlation research design was used to measure the relationship between the independent variables (performance index, average yearly progress, value added,…
Leadership in New Hampshire Independent Schools: An Examination of Trust and Openness to Change
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
D'Entremont, John P.
2016-01-01
The study of leadership is extensive in business and public education. Research on headmaster leadership in private schools is limited. This mixed methods study aimed to determine if exemplary private school headmaster leadership practices builds faculty trust creating an openness to change. The sample in the study consisted of five National…
2011-02-15
Military (pp. 121- 133). New York, New York: Aldine de Gruyter. Schiefer, M. (2010, October 21). Email Correspondence: Race on OSB . San Antonio TX...M. (2010, October 21). Email Correspondence: Race on OSB . San Antonio TX. 73 Military Leadership Diversity Commission. (n.d.). Recent Enlisted
Urban School Chiefs Under Fire.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cuban, Larry
This study examines three veteran urban school superintendents who were highly respected by their colleagues but who came under intense pressure from forces outside the school systems in the 1960's. Chapter 1 explores the context of the desegregation controversy and the furor over an independent evaluation that faced Benjamin C. Willis in Chicago.…
School Reports: Creating Common Understandings.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lewis, Sharon
1998-01-01
Suggesting that creating a report for each school involved in the Reading Recovery program can have a powerful impact, this paper shows the current model of campus reports for the Spring Branch Independent School District, Houston, Texas. The report form described in the paper is continually growing and changing through need and collaboration with…
Restoring Shanker's Vision for Charter Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kahlenberg, Richard D.; Potter, Halley
2015-01-01
In 1988, education reformer and American Federation of Teachers president Albert Shanker proposed a new kind of public school--"charter schools"--which would allow teachers to experiment with innovative approaches to educating students. Publicly funded but independently managed, these schools would be given a charter to try their fresh…
Poulain, Tanja; Peschel, Thomas; Vogel, Mandy; Jurkutat, Anne; Kiess, Wieland
2018-04-27
Previous studies have already reported associations of media consumption and/or physical activity with school achievement. However, longitudinal studies investigating independent effects of physical activity and media consumption on school performance are sparse. The present study fills this research gap and, furthermore, assesses relationships of the type of secondary school with media consumption and physical activity. The consumption of screen-based media (TV/video, game console, PC/internet, and mobile phone) and leisure physical activity (organized and non-organized) of 10 - to 17-year old adolescents participating in the LIFE Child study in Germany were related to their school grades in two major school subjects (Mathematics and German) and in Physical Education. In addition to a cross-sectional analysis at baseline (N = 850), a longitudinal analysis (N = 512) investigated the independent effects of these activities on the school grades achieved 12 months later. All associations were adjusted for age, gender, socio-economic status, year of data assessment, body-mass-index, and school grades at baseline. A further analysis investigated differences in the consumption of screen-based media and physical activity as a function of the type of secondary school (highest vs. lower secondary school). Adolescents of lower secondary schools reported a significantly higher consumption of TV/video and game consoles than adolescents attending the highest secondary school. Independently of the type of school, a better school performance in Mathematics was predicted by a lower consumption of computers/internet, and a better performance in Physical Education was predicted by a lower consumption of TV/video and a higher frequency of non-organized physical activity. However, the association between non-organized physical activity and subsequent grades in Physical Education was significant in girls only. The present results suggest that media consumption has a negative effect on
School Resource Officers for Bullying Interventions: A Mixed-Methods Analysis
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Robles-Pina, Rebecca A.; Denham, Magdalena A.
2012-01-01
The number of school police officers, School Resource Officers (SROs), is increasing on school campuses to assist in preventing school violence, and in particular bullying. This mixed-methods study was conducted to compare the knowledge and perceptions of SROs (N = 184) hired by independent school districts (ISD SROs) and those contracted from law…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Harrison, Helene W.
Comprised of pre-K-6 and LLD (Language Learning Disability) classrooms, the program is designed to provide bilingual education for pupils who have limited English speaking ability. There are 1,612 pupils from 7 elementary schools and 1 junior high school. Program objectives are to: (1) prevent their educational retardation by instructing them in…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sutton, Amy
2013-01-01
This article explores the possibility of using eReaders in the schools of the Houston Independent School District (HISD), specifically the Barnes and Noble Nook Pilot Project. HSID initially approved only an eReading device that was not wireless since it is very strict on the devices granted access to the wireless network. The biggest roadblock…
Schoeppe, Stephanie; Duncan, Mitch J; Badland, Hannah; Oliver, Melody; Curtis, Carey
2013-07-01
Health benefits from children's independent mobility and active travel beyond school travel are largely unexplored. This review synthesized the evidence for associations of independent mobility and active travel to various destinations with physical activity, sedentary behaviour and weight status. Systematic review. A systematic search in six databases (PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, SportDiscus, PsychInfo, TRIS) for papers published between January 1990 and March 2012 was undertaken, focussing on children aged 3-18 years. Study inclusion and methodological quality were independently assessed by two reviewers. 52 studies were included. Most studies focussed solely on active travel to and/or from school, and showed significant positive associations with physical activity. The same relationship was detected for active travel to leisure-related places and independent mobility with physical activity. An inverse relationship between active travel to school and weight status was evident but findings were inconsistent. Few studies examined correlations between active travel to school and self-reported screen-time or objectively measured sedentary behaviour, and findings were unclear. Studies on independent mobility suggested that children who have the freedom to play outdoors and travel actively without adult supervision accumulate more physical activity than those who do not. Further investigation of children's active travel to leisure-related destinations, measurement of diverse sedentary behaviour beyond simply screen-based activities, and consistent thresholds for objectively measured sedentary behaviour in children will clarify the inconsistent evidence base on associations of active travel with sedentary behaviour and weight status. Copyright © 2012 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Roberts, Stephen M; Pobocik, Rebecca S; Deek, Rima; Besgrove, Ashley; Prostine, Becky A
2009-01-01
The objective of this study was to learn about the experiences of principals and school food service directors with the Texas Public School Nutrition Policy. Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted to gain first hand reactions to the new nutrition policy. Data were gathered from Texas middle schools. Principals and food service directors from 24 schools randomly selected from 10 Texas Education regions were interviewed. Participants were interviewed about their reactions to the implementation of the Texas School Nutrition Policy. Two researchers, using thematic analysis, independently analyzed each interview. Differences in coding were reconciled and themes were generated. The themes that surfaced included resistance to the policy, policy development process, communication, government role, parental role, food rewards, fund raising, and leadership. Resistance to the policy was not extreme. In the future a wider array of school personnel who are affected by school food regulations should be included in the development of new policies. It is critical to communicate with all concerned parties about the policy.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stewart, Sarah
2016-01-01
St. George's has nearly 1,150 students on three campuses: an elementary campus in Germantown and a middle/upper school campus in Collierville, both suburbs of Memphis, and a second elementary campus in Memphis. The Memphis campus serves 140 students in pre-K-5th grade. All Memphis campus students receive financial aid based on need, and…
At a Glance: Forty Schools That Serve Low-Income Students
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Independent School, 2016
2016-01-01
This article provides a list of low and no tuition independent schools. Profile information is accurate as of May 2016. Profiles contain student body information, how the school works, the school mission, and contact information. [Online Feature
A New Vision for the First Amendment in Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chaltain, Sam
2002-01-01
Describes the First Amendment Schools project aimed at teaching K-12 public and independent school students their constitutionally protected religious, speech, press, assembly, and petition rights and responsibilities. Includes examples describing the project in several schools. Includes annotated list of resources for educators. (PKP)
Factors That Impact Nurses’ Utilization of Electronic Mail (E-Mail).
1998-05-21
of a system but did little to influence behavior. A study by Golden, Beauclair , & Sussman (1992) surveyed 200 electronic mail account holders at an...Aldine Publishing. Golden, P. A., Beauclair , R., & Sussman, L. (1992). Factors affecting electronic mail use. Computers in Human Behavior, 8, 297-311
Student First Amendment Rights: Wisconsin School Board Association.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Baldwin, Gordon B.
Issues in students' First Amendment rights are discussed in this paper, which is directed toward school board members. The "Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Schools" (1969) decision is discussed, in which the United States Supreme Court struck down the discipline imposed on students who wore black armbands during school hours to protest…
Field Dependence-Independence and Physical Activity Engagement among Middle School Students
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Liu, Wenhao; Chepyator-Thomson, Jepkorir Rose
2009-01-01
Background: Field dependence-independence (FDI) is a tendency to rely on external frames (given situations and authoritative people) or internal frames (oneself, including one's own body) for one's information processing and behavior. Literature has constantly reported that field-dependent (FD) individuals, who are less autonomous in…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wanat, Carolyn L.
2010-01-01
Research has documented the important role that parental involvement plays in children's learning. Yet, it can be challenging for schools to establish appropriate relationships with parents. Is there an optimal balance of collaborative and separate relationships between parents and schools? Twenty parents in one K-12 public school district in the…
School Property Funding in New Zealand
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
PEB Exchange, 2004
2004-01-01
New Zealand's special funding system allows state schools a greater level of independence in managing their property compared to most other countries. Schools receive a fixed budget as an entitlement from the three "pots" of the educational property funding structure. The government's unique use of accrual accounting together with a new…
Hidalgo School District Supports All Students
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nodine, Thad R.
2012-01-01
In 2005, the Hildago (Texas) Independent School District, in partnership with the University of Texas-Pan American, the University of Texas System, the Communities Foundation of Texas/Texas High School Project, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, promised that all of its students would earn college credits before graduating from high…
Mobile Schools for a Mobile World
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Booth, Susan
2013-01-01
Overwhelmingly, independent schools are embracing mobile devices--laptops, iPads or other tablets, and smartphones--to enhance teaching and learning. This article describes the results of the "NAIS 2012 Mobile Learning Survey." Among its findings were that 75 percent of NAIS-member schools currently use mobile learning devices in at…
The Issues of Self-Funding Benefits for Texas Independent School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cryar, Virginia P.
This paper examines whether self-funding health benefit plans for employees are appropriate for Texas school districts. In a self-funding plan, the cost of benefits is funded directly by the employer without the protection of an insurance contract. Proponents of the self-funding plan argue that it: (1) controls costs and improves the cash flow;…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Edwards, Patricia Thomas
2010-01-01
The purpose of this research study was to investigate if there were differences in students' school climate perceptions based on the independent variables, which were measured on a nominal scale and included school diversity (highly, moderately, minimally), ethnicity (Black, Hispanic, White, Other), educational category (general education, special…
Board and Senior Management Alignment on School Strategy
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sarros, James C.; Sarros, Anne M.; Cooper, Brian K.; Santora, Joseph C.; Baker, Robin
2016-01-01
This study examines the degree to which senior executive members of a school's decision-making team (senior management team and board of directors) are aligned on fundamental principles of school strategy. Our study is based on a conceptual framework of strategic leadership as it applies in an Australian independent school context. We also examine…
A Survey of Idaho's Private Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Catt, Andrew D.
2014-01-01
In this memo, we synthesize information collected recently in two private school surveys, one conducted by the U.S. Department of Education and another by the Friedman Foundation and the Idaho Federation of Independent Schools (IDFIS). After a brief description of the data sources, we present the key survey findings in two sections.
The School System and the Social Development of Nigeria.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Madu, Oliver V. A.
The goal of the Nigerian school system in the context of national integration, modernization, and stability is social equalitarianism and welfare. Also, historically, Nigerian schools have been competitive and Western because of the colonial regime and missionary schools. The pattern remains in independent Nigeria with English literacy and Western…
Social Science Elective Packages: An Independent Study Program for Grade 12.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Moody, David B.
During the winter semester of 1970 a seminar was conducted for doctoral students in social studies education as a practicum in curriculum development to meet some of the special needs of the small high school, specifically the production of social science independent study packages. The packages produced were one-half Carnegie unit equivalent…
School Autonomy as "The Way of the Future": Issues of Equity, Public Purpose and Moral Leadership
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Keddie, Amanda
2016-01-01
This paper presents interview data from research conducted in two public high schools in the state of Queensland, Australia. The research was concerned with exploring issues of equity and diversity. Both schools had recently converted to "independent" status within a new state policy reform--the Independent Public Schools initiative.…
Schooling in Malaysia: Historical Trends and Recent Enrollments. A Rand Note.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
De Tray, Dennis
The educational history of Malaysia is discussed; policy, historical trends, and school attendance are emphasized. Increased schooling and increased returns to schooling have been essential ingredients in Malaysia's economic growth. Schooling levels have risen rapidly since independence and, while all Malaysians have shared substantially in this…
Vaz, Sharmila; Parsons, Richard; Falkmer, Torbjörn; Passmore, Anne Elizabeth; Falkmer, Marita
2014-01-01
Students negotiate the transition to secondary school in different ways. While some thrive on the opportunity, others are challenged. A prospective longitudinal design was used to determine the contribution of personal background and school contextual factors on academic competence (AC) and mental health functioning (MHF) of 266 students, 6-months before and after the transition to secondary school. Data from 197 typically developing students and 69 students with a disability were analysed using hierarchical linear regression modelling. Both in primary and secondary school, students with a disability and from socially disadvantaged backgrounds gained poorer scores for AC and MHF than their typically developing and more affluent counterparts. Students who attended independent and mid-range sized primary schools had the highest concurrent AC. Those from independent primary schools had the lowest MHF. The primary school organisational model significantly influenced post-transition AC scores; with students from Kindergarten--Year 7 schools reporting the lowest scores, while those from the Kindergarten--Year 12 structure without middle school having the highest scores. Attending a school which used the Kindergarten--Year 12 with middle school structure was associated with a reduction in AC scores across the transition. Personal background factors accounted for the majority of the variability in post-transition AC and MHF. The contribution of school contextual factors was relatively minor. There is a potential opportunity for schools to provide support to disadvantaged students before the transition to secondary school, as they continue to be at a disadvantage after the transition.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
GARRETT, JOE B.
THIS SPEECH DISCUSSES THE ACOUSTICAL, INSULATIVE, LOW-MAINTENANCE FLOOR COVERING KNOWN AS CARPET AND ITS USE IN SCHOOL FACILITIES. IT REVIEWS THE BASIC INDEPENDENT RESEARCH WHICH HAS BEEN DONE, DOCUMENTING THE ACOUSTICAL AND MAINTENANCE PROPERTIES AS A SCHOOL FLOOR COVERING, AND TRACES THE ACTUAL EXPERIENCE OF A NUMBER OF CARPETED SCHOOLS.…
School District Cash Management. Program Audit.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
New York State Legislative Commission on Expenditure Review, Albany.
New York State law permits school districts to invest cash not immediately needed for district operation and also specifies the kinds of investments that may be made in order to ensure the safety and liquidity of public funds. This audit examines cash management and investment practices in New York state's financially independent school districts.…
Factors Affecting School Quality in Florida
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Thornton, Barry; Arbogast, Gordon
2014-01-01
This paper examines the factors that are theorized to be determinants of school quality in the 67 counties of Florida from 2000 to 2011. The model constructed for this purpose is comprised of a mix of independent variables that include county educational attainment (number of high school graduates and State University System enrollees) and…
Public School Finance Problems in Texas. An Interim Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Texas Research League, Austin.
The U.S. District Court ruling in Rodriguez vs San Antonio Independent School District, which struck down Texas' school finance system as inequitable and unconstitutional, provided the impetus for publishing this interim report. The report documents the growing cost of State-supported public school programs--the primary concern prior to the…
Project A+: School Based Improvement in AISD, 1991-92.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Austin Independent School District, TX. Office of Research and Evaluation.
Outcomes of Project A+, a school-based improvement (SBI) partnership developed between International Business Machines (IBM) and the Austin Independent School District, are described in this document. SBI is a vehicle for restructuring schools to meet the goal that all students will function successfully at or beyond their appropriate grade…
Statistics of Universities, Colleges and Professional Schools, 1923-24. Bulletin, 1925, No. 45
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bureau of Education, Department of the Interior, 1926
1926-01-01
For the school year 1923-24 reports were received from 913 universities, colleges, and professional schools. Of this number 144 are under public control and 769 under private control; 150 are independent professional schools. There are 165 schools of theology, 124 schools of law, 80 schools of medicine, 43 schools of dentistry, 63 schools of…
School administrators' perceptions of factors that influence children's active travel to school.
Price, Anna E; Pluto, Delores M; Ogoussan, Olga; Banda, Jorge A
2011-12-01
Increasing children's active travel to school may be 1 strategy for addressing the growing prevalence of obesity among school age children. Using the School Travel Survey, we examined South Carolina school district leaders' perceptions of factors that influence elementary and middle school students walking to school. Frequency distributions and chi-square tests were used to analyze the survey responses; open-ended questions were reviewed qualitatively for recurring topics and themes. School and district leaders (N = 314) most often reported street crossing safety (54.0%) and number of sidewalks (54.0%) as priority factors that should be addressed to increase students' active travel to school, followed by distance to school (46.0%), traffic volume (42.4%), parental attitudes (27.0%), traffic speed (26.7%), neighborhood condition (24.4%), and student attitudes (10.0%). Several respondents expressed concerns about liability issues related to students' active travel to school while others reported that schools are not responsible for students' safety once students leave school grounds. Independent of their comments about liability, respondents were concerned about the safety of students while walking to school. Those promoting active travel to school may benefit from addressing those factors perceived as most important by school and district leaders, including street crossing safety, number of sidewalks, and by educating school and district leaders about liability and safety issues related to students walking to school. © 2011, American School Health Association.
New Horizons for Primary Schools in Jamaica: Inputs, Outcomes and Impact. Revised
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lockheed, Marlaine; Harris, Abigail; Gammill, Paul; Barrow, Karima; Jayasundera, Tamara
2006-01-01
The New Horizons for Primary Schools (NHP) was implemented in 72 government schools in Jamaica, from 1998-2005. The program provided support to schools on the basis of needs identified through the preparation of a School Development Plan (also called a School Improvement Plan). This independent evaluation report first compares the schools in the…
Comparison of Cooperative and Noncooperative Purchasing in School Nutrition Programs
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rice, Beth W.; Strohbehn, Catherine; Shelly, Mark C.; Arendt, Susan; Gregoire, Mary
2010-01-01
Purpose/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare food cost and public school foodservice directors' satisfaction between districts participating in school foodservice cooperatives or group purchasing arrangements and districts purchasing independently. It also assessed the prevalence of purchasing cooperatives in school foodservice and…
A Profile of the Albany Free School.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mercogliano, Chris
1999-01-01
The Free School is an independent, alternative elementary school in inner-city Albany (New York) based on open democratic education dedicated to the authentic lives of children. Emotional freedom is balanced by meetings in which everyone participates in solving discipline problems. The highly flexible and individualized curriculum uses the…
School nurses can address existing gaps in school-age sleep research.
Willgerodt, Mayumi A; Kieckhefer, Gail M
2013-06-01
Sleep has been linked to a host of physical, behavioral, and emotional outcomes, and research has documented that youth across the globe are experiencing inadequate sleep. Despite this knowledge, however, very little research has been conducted on school-age children; much of the extant research has focused on infants, toddlers, preschoolers, adolescents, and adults. School-age children exhibit increasing independence around health-related behaviors, which provide health professionals the opportunity to educate and promote healthy sleep behaviors. This commentary extends previous research reviews by identifying the current gaps in sleep research, highlighting future directions needed in sleep research, and explaining why school nurses are best suited to address this growing public health issue.
Laptops Unleashed A Middle School Experience
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Livingston, Pamela
2004-01-01
The day starts. Students arrive in their parents' cars, climb out, and carry or wheel backpacks in a morning scene similar to most independent day schools in the country. But there's a difference--the older students are carrying metal briefcases. The briefcases, bright silver and durable-looking, carry the clear marks of middle school ownership as…
District and School Profiles 2014-2015
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Houston Independent School District, 2015
2015-01-01
The Houston Independent School District's (HISD) goal is to produce capable, confident young adults who are poised to excel in whatever they do. Whether they emerge from high school with dreams of pursuing higher education or choose to enter the workforce immediately, HISD wants its graduates to be ready to succeed. One way they assess their…
Establishing a Mathematics-Enrichment Community in a Multi-School Environment
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Thomson, Ian
2005-01-01
Trinity College is a low-fee independent school in Gawler, South Australia. The college has an enrolment of 3500 students of varied socioeconomic mix, drawn from the northern suburbs of Adelaide. Trinity has recently been restructured into four R-10 schools and one senior school for Years 11-13. The schools share a common mathematics curriculum.…
Time Well Spent: Designing Dynamic and Profitable After-School Programs
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Neiva, Betsy MacIver; Pepe, Diane
2012-01-01
Dawn Walsh, who has worked with the after-school program at The Foote School (Connecticut) for over 20 years, has seen firsthand how dramatically childcare needs have changed. The Foote School is not the only independent school trying to determine how best to help meet families' complex childcare needs. According to a 2009 Bureau of Labor…
Evaluation of the Florida coordinated school health program pilot schools project.
Weiler, Robert M; Pigg, R Morgan; McDermott, Robert J
2003-01-01
The Florida Department of Education, with CDC funding, designed the Florida Coordinated School Health Program Pilot Schools Project (PSP) to encourage innovative approaches to promote coordinated school health programs (CSHP) in Florida schools. Each of eight pilot schools received $15,000 in project funding, three years of technical assistance including on-site and off-site assistance, a project office resource center, mailings of resource materials, needs assessment and evaluation assistance, and three PSP Summer Institutes. Project evaluators created a context evaluation, approaching each school independently as a "case study" to measure the school's progress in meeting goals established at baseline. Data were collected using the How Healthy is Your School? needs assessment instrument, a School Health Portfolio constructed by each school team, a Pilot Schools Project Team Member Survey instrument, midcourse team interviews, final team interviews, and performance indicator data obtained from pilot and control schools. The PSP posed two fundamental questions: "Can financial resources, professional training, and technical assistance enable individual schools to create and sustain a coordinated school health program?" and "What outcomes reasonably can one expect from a coordinated school health program, assuming programs receive adequate support over time?" First, activities at the eight schools confirmed that a coordinated school health programs can be established and sustained. Program strength and sustainability depend on long-term resources, qualified personnel, and administrative support. Second, though coordinated school health programs may improve school performance indicators, the PSP yielded insufficient evidence to support that belief. Future projects should include robust measurement and evaluation designs, thereby producing conclusive evidence about the influence of a coordinated school health program on such outcomes.
Summer School for Retainees, 1982. Evaluation Design.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Austin Independent School District, TX. Office of Research and Evaluation.
The evaluation design for the Austin Independent School District 1982 summer school program for elementary retainees is described. The evaluation is meant to focus on short-term skill mastery in reading and mathematics and the long-term achievement growth of the participants. Separate reading objectives and materials in Spanish and English…
Coch, Donna; Benoit, Clarisse
2015-01-01
We investigated whether and how standardized behavioral measures of reading and electrophysiological measures of reading were related in 72 typically developing, late elementary school children. Behavioral measures included standardized tests of spelling, phonological processing, vocabulary, comprehension, naming speed, and memory. Electrophysiological measures were composed of the amplitude of the N400 component of the event-related potential waveform elicited by real words, pseudowords, nonpronounceable letter strings, and strings of letter-like symbols (false fonts). The only significant brain-behavior correlations were between standard scores on the vocabulary test and N400 mean amplitude to real words (r = −.272) and pseudowords (r = −.235). We conclude that, while these specific sets of standardized behavioral and electrophysiological measures both provide an index of reading, for the most part, they are independent and draw upon different underlying processing resources. [T]o completely analyze what we do when we read… would be to describe very many of the most intricate workings of the human mind, as well as to unravel the tangled story of the most remarkable specific performance that civilization has learned in all its history(Huey, 1908/1968, p. 3). PMID:26346715
The Tacit Dimension: The Inner Life of School Leaders
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Holmes, David
2016-01-01
School leaders are expected to be visibly in charge, always on top of their game, doing the right things to advance the school, and exuding confidence and command. For these traits, leaders have extensive resources to draw on to foster their professional growth. The National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS), the regional and state…
Mary E. Hall: Dawn of the Professional School Librarian
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Alto, Teresa
2012-01-01
A century ago, a woman named Mary E. Hall convinced school leaders of the need for the professional school librarian--a librarian who cultivated a love of reading, academic achievement, and independent learning skills. After graduating from New York City's Pratt Institute Library School in 1895, Hall developed her vision for the high school…
[East Syracuse-Minoa Schools Environmental Education Materials, High School Package.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
East Syracuse - Minoa Central Schools, East Syracuse, NY.
This series of four environmental education units is designed for use at the high school level. The first unit, an advanced science and independent study, includes such topics as student requirements, advisor responsibilities, evaluation forms, research report format, a guide to Syracuse University libraries, and research ideas. The second unit,…
Vaz, Sharmila; Parsons, Richard; Falkmer, Torbjörn; Passmore, Anne Elizabeth; Falkmer, Marita
2014-01-01
Students negotiate the transition to secondary school in different ways. While some thrive on the opportunity, others are challenged. A prospective longitudinal design was used to determine the contribution of personal background and school contextual factors on academic competence (AC) and mental health functioning (MHF) of 266 students, 6-months before and after the transition to secondary school. Data from 197 typically developing students and 69 students with a disability were analysed using hierarchical linear regression modelling. Both in primary and secondary school, students with a disability and from socially disadvantaged backgrounds gained poorer scores for AC and MHF than their typically developing and more affluent counterparts. Students who attended independent and mid-range sized primary schools had the highest concurrent AC. Those from independent primary schools had the lowest MHF. The primary school organisational model significantly influenced post-transition AC scores; with students from Kindergarten - Year 7 schools reporting the lowest scores, while those from the Kindergarten - Year 12 structure without middle school having the highest scores. Attending a school which used the Kindergarten - Year 12 with middle school structure was associated with a reduction in AC scores across the transition. Personal background factors accounted for the majority of the variability in post-transition AC and MHF. The contribution of school contextual factors was relatively minor. There is a potential opportunity for schools to provide support to disadvantaged students before the transition to secondary school, as they continue to be at a disadvantage after the transition. PMID:24608366
Developing a Profiling Tool Using a Values Approach to School Renewal
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Brown, Raymond; Heck, Deborah; Pendergast, Donna; Kanasa, Harry; Morgan, Ann
2018-01-01
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to outline the evidence-based development of a learning approach to school renewal that employs information from key members of a school community (teachers, parents, students) to promote school-based discussions about school renewal. Setting: The study took place in an independent system of Catholic…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pressman, Harvey
This paper outlines several schemes for developing quality private schools for inner city students. The basic assumption justifying the proposal that such schools be independently managed is that the urban public school systems have patently failed to educate poor children. Therefore, a new national network of independent schools should be…
Are independent probes truly independent?
Camp, Gino; Pecher, Diane; Schmidt, Henk G; Zeelenberg, René
2009-07-01
The independent cue technique has been developed to test traditional interference theories against inhibition theories of forgetting. In the present study, the authors tested the critical criterion for the independence of independent cues: Studied cues not presented during test (and unrelated to test cues) should not contribute to the retrieval process. Participants first studied a subset of cues (e.g., rope) that were subsequently studied together with a target in a 2nd study phase (e.g., rope-sailing, sunflower-yellow). In the test phase, an extralist category cue (e.g., sports, color) was presented, and participants were instructed to recall an item from the study list that was a member of the category (e.g., sailing, yellow). The experiments showed that previous study of the paired-associate word (e.g., rope) enhanced category cued recall even though this word was not presented at test. This experimental demonstration of covert cuing has important implications for the effectiveness of the independent cue technique.
Variable School Start Times and Middle School Student's Sleep Health and Academic Performance.
Lewin, Daniel S; Wang, Guanghai; Chen, Yao I; Skora, Elizabeth; Hoehn, Jessica; Baylor, Allison; Wang, Jichuan
2017-08-01
Improving sleep health among adolescents is a national health priority and implementing healthy school start times (SSTs) is an important strategy to achieve these goals. This study leveraged the differences in middle school SST in a large district to evaluate associations between SST, sleep health, and academic performance. This cross-sectional study draws data from a county-wide surveillance survey. Participants were three cohorts of eighth graders (n = 26,440). The school district is unique because SST ranged from 7:20 a.m. to 8:10 a.m. Path analysis and probit regression were used to analyze associations between SST and self-report measures of weekday sleep duration, grades, and homework controlling for demographic variables (sex, race, and socioeconomic status). The independent contributions of SST and sleep duration to academic performance were also analyzed. Earlier SST was associated with decreased sleep duration (χ 2 = 173, p < .0001) and deficient sleep (≤7 hours) among 45% of students. Students with SST before 7:45 a.m. were at increased risk of decreased sleep duration, academic performance, and academic effort. Path analysis models demonstrated the independent contributions of sleep duration, SST, and variable effects for demographic variables. This is the first study to evaluate the independent contributions of SST and sleep to academic performance in a large sample of middle school students. Deficient sleep was prevalent, and the earliest SST was associated with decrements in sleep and academics. These findings support the prioritization of policy initiatives to implement healthy SST for younger adolescents and highlight the importance of sleep health education disparities among race and gender groups. Copyright © 2017 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wilkinson, Hugh C.
1977-01-01
Three attributes considered indispensable to a successful independent school are small size, extracurricular activities and a concern for ethical values. Shows how these attributes contribute to the academic progress of students, their development of self-discipline and their maturity. (Author/RK)
Effect of a School Choice Policy Change on Active Commuting to Elementary School.
Sirard, John R; McDonald, Kelsey; Mustain, Patrick; Hogan, Whitney; Helm, Alison
2015-01-01
The purposes of this study were to assess the effect of restricting school choice on changes in travel distance to school and transportation mode for elementary school students. Study design was pre-post (spring 2010-fall 2010) quasi-experimental. Study setting was all public elementary schools in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Subjects comprised approximately 20,500 students across 39 schools. Study assessed a school choice policy change that restricted school choice to a school closer to the family's home. School district transportation data were used to determine distance to school. Direct observations of student travel modes (two morning and two afternoon commutes at each time point) were used to assess transportation mode. Chi-square and independent-sample t-tests were calculated to describe the schools. Repeated measures general linear models were used to assess changes in travel distance to school and observed commuting behavior. Distance to school significantly decreased (1.83 ± .48 miles to 1.74 ± .46 miles; p = .002). We failed to observe any significant changes in morning (+.7%) or afternoon (-.7%) active commuting (both p = .08) or the number of automobiles in the morning (-7 autos per school; p = .06) or afternoon (+3 autos per school; p = .14). The more restrictive school choice policy decreased distance to school but had no significant effect on active commuting. Policy interventions designed to increase active commuting to school may require additional time to gain traction and programmatic support to induce changes in behavior.
Educational Finance. Briefing Paper: Texas Public School Finance and Related Issues.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Clark, Catherine P.; England, Claire
This document explores various issues that affect Texas public school finance. It opens with an overview of the Texas public school system, which comprises 1,043 independent school districts, with an average of 6.4 campuses per district. The federal role in financing schools is examined, along with education finance and the state budget. Four…
Independent Reading in the Sixth Grade: Free Choice and Access to Material.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Coy-Shaffer, Joye; Pettit, Shirley
A study conducted in the Orange County Public Schools in central Florida investigated the reading interests of sixth-grade students. The study also gathered information from teachers regarding the nature and source of reading materials used for independent reading in their classrooms and on the implementation of sustained silent reading practices.…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Smyer, Roxane
The Austin (Texas) Independent School District (AISD) received monies to combat drug and alcohol abuse on its campuses through the Drug-Free Schools and Communities (DFSC) Act of 1986. Each year, programs funded and services purchased with these funds have changed. In 1990-91 most of the DFSC monies were used for these projects: the Secondary…
Wallace, Jessica; Covassin, Tracey; Nogle, Sally; Gould, Daniel; Kovan, Jeffrey
2017-09-01
We determined differences in knowledge of concussion and reporting behaviors of high school athletes attending urban and suburban high schools, and whether a relationship exists between underreporting and access to an athletic trainer in urban schools. High school athletes (N = 715) from 14 high schools completed a validated knowledge of concussion survey consisting of 83 questions. The independent variable was school type (urban/suburban). We examined the proportion of athletes who correctly identified signs and symptoms of concussion, knowledge of concussion and reasons why high school athletes would not disclose a potential concussive injury across school classification. Data were analyzed using descriptive, non-parametric, and inferential statistics. Athletes attending urban schools have less concussion knowledge than athletes attending suburban schools (p < .01). Athletes attending urban schools without an athletic trainer have less knowledge than urban athletes at schools with an athletic trainer (p < .01) There was no significant relationship between reporting percentage and school type (p = .73); however, significant relationships exist between AT access at urban schools and 10 reasons for not reporting. Concussion education efforts cannot be homogeneous in all communities. Education interventions must reflect the needs of each community. © 2017, American School Health Association.
Stock, Christiane; Bloomfield, Kim; Ejstrud, Bo; Vinther-Larsen, Mathilde; Meijer, Mathias; Grønbæk, Morten; Grittner, Ulrike
2012-06-01
This study sought to determine the influence of individual factors on active transportation to school among Danish seventh graders and whether school district factors are associated with such behaviour independently of individual factors. Mixed effects logistic regression models determined the effects of individual (gender, family affluence, enjoyment of school and academic performance) and school district factors (educational level, household savings, land use and size) on active transportation to school (by foot, bicycle or other active means) among 10 380 pupils aged 13-15 years nested in 407 school districts. Of all students, 64.4% used active transportation to school daily. Boys, those with perceived higher school performance and those with lower family affluence were more likely to use active transportation to school. After adjustment for all individual factors listed above, high household savings at the school district level was associated with higher odds of active transportation to school. As factors of land use, low level of farming land use and high proportion of single houses were associated with active transportation to school. Policies aiming at reducing social inequalities at the school district level may enhance active transportation to school. School districts with farming land use face barriers for active transportation to school, requiring special policy attention.
World as The Biggest Clasroom. Travel as The Best Lesson. Independent Scientific School Expeditions.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Oleksik, Ireneusz; Lorek, Grzegorz; Dacy-Ignatiuk, Katarzyna
2013-04-01
We are a group of teachers from Poland who think that classroom lessons are not enough for our pupils to understand the world. We had a dream to take our students and show them the most beautiful places and phenomena on the Earth. But how to do it? Though today's travelling is so easy as never before, there are still some problems for young Poles - not only funding but also philosophy of travelling. It looks that we found a solution a few years ago - why not to organise quite independent school scientific expeditions? Without travel agencies and agents we can reduce costs of travelling 2-3 times! And we did it! We buy cheap flight tickets, fly to our destination and then... we must manage with all problems ourselves. We sleep in tents or budget hostels, use local means of transport and eat food from cheap markets or street eating places. Our motto is: "To see as much as possible for the minimum money". There are many more advantages - we decide where to go and how much time we spend in one area, we can change our route in every moment if something appears worth seeing. Our small groups are very mobile, sometimes local people invite us to visit their houses (like in Iran or Morocco). Expeditions allow students to watch, feel, touch, taste and smell phenomena, places and organisms which they could only read about in a classroom and to understand people from other cultures and religions. The list of nature and culture jewels that we have already seen is still growing - sands and oasis of Sahara, snow peaks of Himalayas, salt waters of Caspian Sea in Iran, geysers, volcanoes and glaciers of Iceland, the biggest sea birds colonies and whales in the North Atlantic, ancient cities - Fez, Marrakesh, Esfahan, Varanasi and Yazd.
Swaziland: perspectives in school health.
Myeni, A D; McGrath, E
1990-09-01
Following major quantitative expansions of the educational system in Swaziland during the two decades since independence, the focus has shifted to improving efficiency. Efficiency of any educational system depends mainly on the characteristics of children entering school. Although Swaziland is not among the poorest countries, infant child mortality rates still reflect less than optimum living conditions and parental knowledge of child nutrition and disease prevention and management. Although access to primary schooling is universal, there is substantial waste during the early years of school through dropout and repetition, both associated with low socioeconomic status. School performance can be increased at little extra cost through increasing the nutrition and health status of students before school entry and through the early school years. In Swaziland, many activities are carried out to provide physical and mental health care to students. Coordinating these efforts and formulating clear policy on school health through cooperation among key ministries and nongovernmental organizations remains to be done.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cook-Kallio, Cheryl
1991-01-01
Discusses the use of primary resources in the teaching of middle school social studies. Describes a lesson in which students were given a copy of the Declaration of Independence, written in everyday language, and were asked to discuss and evaluate it. Suggests another activity based on Thomas Jefferson's writings. (SG)
An Analysis of Secondary School Principals' Perceptions of Multicultural Education.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McCray, Carlos R.; Wright, James V.; Beachum, Floyd D.
2004-01-01
The purpose of this study was to investigate secondary school principals' perceptions of multicultural education. This survey research study used a four point Likert-type scale instrument. It sought to determine how such independent variables as school and community characteristics i.e., whether the school was located in an urban, suburban, or…
Teaching the Violent Past in Secondary Schools in Newly Independent South Sudan
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Skårås, Merethe; Breidlid, Anders
2016-01-01
This article analyses the teaching and learning of South Sudan history from 1955--2005 in secondary schools in South Sudan with a specific focus on national unity. The article draws on two periods of focused ethnography, from September to December 2014 and July to September 2015, including classroom observation and interviews with teachers,…
School Site Strategic Planning To Improve District Performance.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lytle, James H.
This paper describes the evolution of a school-based planning model that accommodates independent approaches to School District of Philadelphia goals. The description centers on key strategic planning decisions made during a 6-year period and three components of the planning model: the organizational monitoring and feedback system; organizational…
School-to-Work Apprenticeship. Project Manual 1993-1994.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lee Coll., Baytown, TX.
With Perkins tech prep funds, Lee College (Baytown, Texas), working with the Gulf Coast Tech Prep Consortium and the Goose Creek Consolidated Independent School District, developed a school-to-work apprenticeship model for tech prep programs. An advisory committe provided guidance in identifying targeted apprenticeable jobs, program content, and…
An Ecological Model of the Coordinated School Health Program: A Commentary
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fetro, Joyce V.
2010-01-01
In his article, Lohrmann clearly traces the evolution of school health programs from 3 traditional components to Allensworth and Kolbe's expanded concept comprehensive school health programs (CSHP) comprised of 8 interrelated and synergistic components that historically functioned independently in schools. With completion of "Health Is Academic,"…
I Want to Be an Independent Consultant: Considerations before Taking the Plunge
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Viola, Judah J.
2006-01-01
During the author's second year of graduate school, a few friends approached him with the idea of taking on independent consulting projects together or perhaps even starting an evaluation consulting company. He was thrilled and anxious all at once. More than anything else, he had lots of questions that needed answers before fully committing…
Paying for Quality? Associations between Private School Income, Performance and Use of Resources
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Davies, Peter; Davies, Neil M.
2014-01-01
Education policy in England has explicitly aimed to remodel state schools in the image of independent, private, schools. However, the body of research evidence on the operation of private schools is very small. Critics have frequently argued that, in contrast to state schools, private schools use resources efficiently because their autonomy gives…
The Effect of Independent Reading on STAAR Reading Scores of Fourth Grade Students
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ibarra, Sylvia
2016-01-01
Independent Reading (IR) is a reading intervention that many schools implement to help students develop essential reading skills and improve academic achievement on various standardized assessments. However, recent IR studies have yielded mixed findings on the effectiveness of IR as a reading intervention to help struggling students increase…
Scaffolded Silent Reading (ScSR): Advocating a Policy for Adolescents' Independent Reading
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Walker, Karen P.
2013-01-01
Structured independent reading among students is often a vital missing component in many school districts' literacy curriculum. The nationwide implementation of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) requires districts to re-think their literacy curriculum and what instruction might entail in order for students to demonstrate proficiency in…
Beukers, Nicky G F M; van der Heijden, Geert J M G; van Wijk, Arjen J; Loos, Bruno G
2017-01-01
Background The association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ACVD) has been established in some modestly sized studies (<10 000). Rarely, however, periodontitis has been studied directly; often tooth loss or self-reported periodontitis has been used as a proxy measure for periodontitis. Our aim is to investigate the adjusted association between periodontitis and ACVD among all individuals registered in a large dental school in the Netherlands (Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)). Methods Anonymised data were extracted from the electronic health records for all registered patients aged >35 years (period 1998–2013). A participant was recorded as having periodontitis based on diagnostic and treatment codes. Any affirmative answer for cerebrovascular accidents, angina pectoris and/or myocardial infarction labelled a participant as having ACVD. Other risk factors for ACVD, notably age, sex, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and social economic status, were also extracted. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the adjusted associations between periodontitis and ACVD. Results 60 174 individuals were identified; 4.7% of the periodontitis participants (455/9730) and 1.9% of the non-periodontitis participants (962/50 444) reported ACVD; periodontitis showed a significant association with ACVD (OR 2.52; 95% CI 2.3 to 2.8). After adjustment for the confounders, periodontitis remained independently associated with ACVD (OR 1.59; 95% CI 1.39 to 1.81). With subsequent stratification for age and sex, periodontitis remained independently associated with ACVD. Conclusions This cross-sectional analysis of a large cohort in the Netherlands of 60 174 participants shows the independent association of periodontitis with ACVD. PMID:27502782
The Inclusion of Children's Rights and Responsibilities in the South African School Curriculum
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Munongi, Lucia; Pillay, Jace
2018-01-01
This study aimed to explore Grade 9 learners' perceptions on the extent to which rights and responsibilities are taught in the school curriculum. The sample consisted of 577 learners from 13 public, independent and independent-subsidised schools, randomly sampled from four Johannesburg education districts. Data were collected through a…
The Community School in the Nation. Community Issues.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gittell, Marilyn
The major stimulus of the community school movement is a general dissatisfaction with the existing public education system, the greatest thrust having come from the minority groups. The two major difficulties appear to be the creation of independent schools or districts under local community control, and the development of adequate funding…
Developing Educational Leadership in Urban Diverse School Systems.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Parra, M. Alicia; Daresh, John C.
How educational leaders can be prepared to carry out their responsibilities in an effective and sensitive fashion is explored in the context of an urban, diverse school environment by describing the Assistant Principal Leadership Academy of the Ysleta Independent School District, El Paso (Texas). The Academy is a unique professional development…
Home-Schooled Students Rise in Supply and Demand
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wasley, Paula
2007-01-01
The home-school movement, a once-marginalized segment of the educational community, is all grown up and going off to college. As colleges across the nation report increasing numbers of applications from home-schooled students, policies have been developed to evaluate these candidates. Translating years of independent study into something that…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McGovern, Marguerita; Tracey, Anne
2010-01-01
The aim and objective of this study is to examine and compare how schools in Galway, Republic of Ireland and Derry in the North of Ireland (cities located within two independent jurisdictions in Ireland) manage and respond to bereavement. To carry out a survey of schools, the "Loss in Schools" questionnaire is considered the most…
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Rahaju, E. B.
2018-01-01
Defining a quadrilateral concept is one part of mathematics learning in junior high school. Defining a concept can be influenced by the concept’s image. While the image of the concept is influenced by the experience associated with the concept, the characteristics of the concept, the mental picture of the concept, and the reconstruction of the definition made by the person against a concept. The thinking process of a person in defining a concept is influenced by cognitive style. This study aimed to describe the thinking process of a student in defining the quadrilateral concept based on her cognitive style. The subject of this research was a student on grade VII with Field Independent cognitive style (FI). This research concludes that the subject of FI in defining quadrilateral concepts, begins by forming a sense through listing the characteristics of quadrilateral. In determining the characteristics of a quadrilateral, subjects tend to organize all quadrilateral models that have been grouped. This suggests that the subject of FI is easier to capture the similarities found in the models that have been grouped. Based on the characteristics, the subject can conclude to make a simple definition of a quadrilateral by eliminating one by one characteristic are not essential. Subjects can make definitions that meet necessary and sufficient conditions on square, rectangular, parallelogram and trapezoid.
Reimagining the School Leadership Paradigm in a Postsocialist Context
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Magno, Cathryn
2009-01-01
Although Azerbaijan's education sector has experienced intermittent democratization efforts since independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, school leadership has remained untouched. This article argues that while Anglo-American models such as transformational and distributed leadership could benefit the schools, based on interview and…
Predictors of Immigrant Children's School Achievement: A Comparative Study
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Moon, Sung Seek; Kang, Suk-Young; An, Soonok
2009-01-01
This paper examines the predictors and indicators of immigrant children's school achievement, using the two of the most predominant groups of American immigrants (103 Koreans and 100 Mexicans). Regression analyses were conducted to determine which independent variables (acculturation, parenting school involvement, parenting style, parent…
Harlaar, Nicole; Deater-Deckard, Kirby; Thompson, Lee A.; DeThorne, Laura S.; Petrill, Stephen A.
2013-01-01
This study used a cross-lagged twin design to examine reading achievement and independent reading from 10 to 11 years (n = 436 twin pairs). Reading achievement at age 10 significantly predicted independent reading at age 11. The alternative path, from independent reading at age 10 to reading achievement at age 11, was not significant. Individual differences in reading achievement and independent reading at both ages were primarily due to genetic influences. Furthermore, individual differences in independent reading at age 11 partly reflected genetic influences on reading achievement at age 10. These findings suggest that genetic influences that contribute to individual differences in children’s reading abilities also influence the extent to which children actively seek out and create opportunities to read. PMID:22026450
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lakova, Assel; Chaklikova, Assel
2016-01-01
This article focuses on the management of students' independent work in the specialty "Journalism" on the subject "Special Foreign Language" in high school through project-based learning, which is one of the most important and modern types of tasks. The goal of this work is theoretically and experimentally proved the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rowland, Charity; Schweigert, Philip
This final report describes activities and accomplishments of a 4-year federally supported project to develop independence in 12 young children (ages 3-5) with deaf-blindness enrolled in the Portland (Oregon) Public Schools Early Intervention Program. The project focused on helping teachers learn to target communicative and cognitive learning…
The Impact of Structured Daily Independent Self-Selected Reading on Second Grade Students
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Culmo, Jill R.
2009-01-01
The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions of second grade students about reading, themselves as readers, their motivation to read, and their subsequent reading achievement. Allowing students time to read independently during the school day and providing various reading materials in the classroom are options that some school…
Future orientation, school contexts, and problem behaviors: a multilevel study.
Chen, Pan; Vazsonyi, Alexander T
2013-01-01
The association between future orientation and problem behaviors has received extensive empirical attention; however, previous work has not considered school contextual influences on this link. Using a sample of N = 9,163 9th to 12th graders (51.0 % females) from N = 85 high schools of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, the present study examined the independent and interactive effects of adolescent future orientation and school contexts (school size, school location, school SES, school future orientation climate) on problem behaviors. Results provided evidence that adolescent future orientation was associated independently and negatively with problem behaviors. In addition, adolescents from large-size schools reported higher levels of problem behaviors than their age mates from small-size schools, controlling for individual-level covariates. Furthermore, an interaction effect between adolescent future orientation and school future orientation climate was found, suggesting influences of school future orientation climate on the link between adolescent future orientation and problem behaviors as well as variations in effects of school future orientation climate across different levels of adolescent future orientation. Specifically, the negative association between adolescent future orientation and problem behaviors was stronger at schools with a more positive climate of future orientation, whereas school future orientation climate had a significant and unexpectedly positive relationship with problem behaviors for adolescents with low levels of future orientation. Findings implicate the importance of comparing how the future orientation-problem behaviors link varies across different ecological contexts and the need to understand influences of school climate on problem behaviors in light of differences in psychological processes among adolescents.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dronkers, J.; Robert, P.
2008-01-01
The paper approaches the issue of school choice in an indirect manner by investigating the effectiveness of public, private government-dependent and private independent schools in 19 Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development countries selected from the PISA 2000 survey for this purpose. In a multilevel approach we estimate these…
Brown-Wright, Lynda; Tyler, Kenneth M; Graves, Scott L; Thomas, Deneia; Stevens-Watkins, Danelle; Mulder, Shambra
2013-01-01
The current study examined the association among home-school dissonance, amotivation, and classroom disruptive behavior among 309 high school juniors and seniors at two urban high schools in the Southern region of the country. Students completed two subscales of the Patterns of Learning Activities Scales (PALS) and one subscale of the Academic Motivation Scale (AMS). ANCOVA analyses revealed significant differences in classroom disruptive behaviors for the gender independent variable. Controlling for gender in the multiple hierarchical regression analyses, it was revealed that home-school dissonance significantly predicted both amotivation and classroom disruptive behavior. In addition, a Sobel mediation analysis showed that amotivation was a significant mediator of the association between home-school dissonance and classroom disruptive behavior. Findings and limitations are discussed.
Brown-Wright, Lynda; Tyler, Kenneth M.; Graves, Scott L.; Thomas, Deneia; Stevens-Watkins, Danelle; Mulder, Shambra
2015-01-01
The current study examined the association among home–school dissonance, amotivation, and classroom disruptive behavior among 309 high school juniors and seniors at two urban high schools in the Southern region of the country. Students completed two subscales of the Patterns of Learning Activities Scales (PALS) and one subscale of the Academic Motivation Scale (AMS). ANCOVA analyses revealed significant differences in classroom disruptive behaviors for the gender independent variable. Controlling for gender in the multiple hierarchical regression analyses, it was revealed that home–school dissonance significantly predicted both amotivation and classroom disruptive behavior. In addition, a Sobel mediation analysis showed that amotivation was a significant mediator of the association between home–school dissonance and classroom disruptive behavior. Findings and limitations are discussed. PMID:27081213
School Financing in South Carolina, Recent Legislation and Funding Approaches.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Crosby, Bobby L.
This paper discusses five scenarios that have had an impact on school finance in the state of South Carolina during recent years. These scenarios include (1) the Education Finance Act of 1977 (EFA); (2) the Education Improvement Act of 1984 (EIA); (3) the issue of fiscal independence; (4) school fees; and (5) school bonds. The EFA was designed to…
One-Room Schools of the Middle West: An Illustrated History.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fuller, Wayne E.
This illustrated book chronicles the history of the one-room school in the Midwest and its vital influence on American education from the pioneer era through consolidation after World War II. The Midwest's one-room schools were the most democratic in the nation. Located in small independent school districts, they were sustained with the barest of…
Competition for Private and State School Teachers. CEE DP 94
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Green, Francis; Machin, Stephen; Murphy, Richard; Zhu, Yu
2010-01-01
Private schools have historically played an important role in the reproduction of the ruling classes in Britain. They continue to do so, but there is surprisingly little modern research as to how these schools impinge on the economy. In this paper we analyse the role of independent schools in the teachers' labour market. Teacher shortages in…
The Effectiveness of Private School Franchises in Chile's National Voucher Program
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Elacqua, Gregory; Contreras, Dante; Salazar, Felipe; Santos, Humberto
2011-01-01
There is persistent debate over the role of scale of operations in education. Some argue that school franchises offer educational services more effectively than small independent schools. Skeptics counter that large centralized operations create hard-to-manage bureaucracies and foster diseconomies of scale and that small schools are more effective…
Effects of Age and Schooling on 22 Ability and Achievement Tests
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gambrell, James Lamar
2013-01-01
Although much educational research has investigated the relative effectiveness of different educational interventions and policies, little is known about the absolute net benefits of K-12 schooling independent of growth due to chronological age and out-of-school experience. The nearly universal policy of age tracking in schools makes this a…
What Matters, What Works: Advancing Achievement after School
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Public/Private Ventures, 2008
2008-01-01
This brief provides highlights from "Advancing Achievement: Findings from an Independent Evaluation of a Major After-School Initiative." The brief underscores the potential of after-school programs in the ongoing drive to advance children's academic achievement. It shines a light on some of the issues that matter most for programs striving to…
Parental Trust and Parent-School Relationships in Turkey
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Beycioglu, Kadir; Ozer, Niyazi; Sahin, Semiha
2013-01-01
This study examined the degree and levels of parent trust and involvement in lower secondary and high schools in Turkey. Survey data were obtained from 429 participants working for state schools during the 2012-2013 education years. We used zero-order correlation coefficient, independent samples t test, and, when significant differences were…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Karaçam, Sedat; Digilli Baran, Azize
2015-01-01
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Field Dependent (FD)/Field Independent (FI) cognitive styles and motivational styles on high school students' conceptual understandings about direct current circuit concepts. The participants of this study consisted of 295 high school students (male = 127, female = 168) who were enrolled…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Huang, Denise; Silver, David; Cheung, Mandy; Duong, Nikki; Gualpa, Alice; Hodson, Cheri; La Torre Matrundola, Deborah; Obregon, Nora; Rickles, Jordan; Rivera, Gwendelyn; Sun, Yulin; Thomas, Larry; Vazquez, Vanessa
2011-01-01
After school programs offer an important avenue for supplementing educational opportunities. In California, the After School Education and Safety (ASES) program creates incentives for locally driven after school programs to partner with schools and communities in providing academic support and safe, constructive alternatives for elementary and…
Students Need Libraries--In HISD and Every School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hand, Dorcas
2018-01-01
Catalyst: Another newspaper article ("Ranks of School Librarians Dwindle in HISD, Statewide" in the October 7, 2013, "Houston Chronicle") detailing another decision by a Houston Independent School District (HISD) campus principal to eliminate the librarian (Mellon 2013). In response to this article, Dorcas Hand, an experienced…
Comprehensive Profile of the San Antonio Indepentent School District 1983-1984.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
San Antonio Independent School District, TX.
This report presents statistical data about the San Antonio (Texas) Independent School District for the 1983-1984 school year. Trends for five or ten year groupings of past years are also presented. The report consolidates both district and individual school information from regular reports by the different district departments. The data is…
Summer School Pilot 1983: Second Report to the Texas Education Agency.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Austin Independent School District, TX. Office of Research and Evaluation.
The Austin (TX) Independent School District presents its second report to the Texas Education Agency concerning the Summer School Pilot 1983. It contains a final report summary, a teacher checklist, and an observation followup. The report summary includes the following major findings: (1) retainees who attended summer school and those who did not…
Organizational Identity in the History of the Longy School of Music
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Powell, Alex
2014-01-01
The Longy School of Music existed as an independent organization from 1915 until 2012, when it was acquired by Bard College. Founded to provide vocational training in music, the Longy School soon expanded by adding preparatory studies for children and continuing studies for avocational learners. The school struggled throughout much of its history…
Privatising Form or Function? Equity, Outcomes and Influence in American Charter Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lubienski, Christopher
2013-01-01
The American experiment with charter schools advanced on dual impulses of increasing opportunities for disadvantaged students and unleashing market competition. While critics see these independently managed schools as a form of privatisation, proponents contend that they are public schools because of funding and accountability arrangements and…
Traditional Predictors of Academic Performance in a Medical School's Independent Study Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Meleca, C. Benjamin
1995-01-01
As an initial screening device for admission to the Independent Study Program at the Ohio State University College of Medicine, a numeric value was developed for 596 first-year students. The value was based on a combination of under graduate grade point average and Medical College Admission Test scores.The predictive value of the technique was…
The School: Education and Alienation
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
de Britto, Luiz Navarro
1977-01-01
The school as a political entity is described as a center of power relations between persons in authority and persons under authority. The process of education for independent thinking is seen to continually initiate alienation from existing authority and tradition. (AV)
Hispanic or Latino Student Success in Online Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Corry, Michael
2016-01-01
The purpose of this study is to examine graduation and dropout rates for Hispanic or Latino K-12 students enrolled in fully online and blended public school settings in Arizona. The independent variables of school type (charter vs. non-charter) and delivery method (fully online vs. blended) were examined using multivariate and univariate methods…
Pure study and experimental application of laser measurement for students in independent colleges
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zhang, Wanyi; Liu, Zhe
2017-08-01
The cultivation of independent college students is the development of applied talents and the strength of students' innovative ability. This requires teachers to make better use of the resources of the school, to develop students' ability with greatest possible and to encourage students to learn independently and personality development. We can carry out multi-discipline curriculum design practice after the study of related disciplines in order to make students have a more in-depth understanding and learning of the professional courses. In this paper, we will research on curriculum design based on the combination of Laser Measurement Technology and Digital Image Processing.
2006-06-01
phenomenological study . Nursing Research , 41, 166-170. Beck, C. (1993). Teetering on the edge: A substantive theory ... grounded theory : Strategies for qualitative research . Chicago: Aldine. Goldstein, D., Lu, Y., Detke, M., Lee, T., & Iyengar, S. (2005). Duloxetine vs...Sandelowski, M. (2000a). Combining qualitative and quantitative sampling, data collection, and analysis techniques in mixed- method studies . Research
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Alexander-Snow, Mia
2011-01-01
This qualitative case study explores the cultural impact the Piney Woods School, a historically Black independent boarding school, had on the social and academic experiences of four of its graduates in attendance at two traditionally White universities. The article discusses the collegiate experiences of four students: Samantha, Ira, Tony, and…
Development and Testing of an Initial Model of Curricular Leadership Culture in Middle Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Adams, Jerry
2007-01-01
Effective school studies, for the most part, have focused on different individual school-level independent variables influencing student achievement and have largely neglected examining contextual variables within the school or school community that may evolve as a result of responding to statewide accountability pressures, including examining how…
Mensink, Fréderike; Schwinghammer, Saskia Antoinette; Smeets, Astrid
2012-01-01
The environment can exert a strong influence on people's food decisions. In order to facilitate students to make more healthy food choices and to develop healthy eating habits, it is important that the school food environment is healthy. The Healthy School Canteen programme of The Netherlands Nutrition Centre is an intervention that helps schools to make their cafeteria's offering healthier. A descriptive study was conducted by an independent research agency to survey the perceptions, experiences, and opinions of users of the programme (school directors, parents, students, and health professionals). Results show that directors and students of participating schools perceive their cafeteria's offering to be healthier after implementing the programme than prior to implementation. Next, further important results of the study are highlighted and relations with other projects, caveats, and practical recommendations are discussed. It is concluded that the Healthy School Canteen programme is a promising intervention to change the school food environment but that further research is needed to ultimately establish its effectiveness. Also, it will be a challenge to motivate all schools to enroll in the programme in order to achieve the goal of the Dutch Government of all Dutch school cafeterias being healthy by 2015. PMID:22690228
An Empirical Investigation of Student Motivations to Attend Summer School.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chandler, E. Wayne; Weller, Ralph B.
1995-01-01
A study of 166 business administration students attending summer school identified 4 factors influencing summer enrollment: academic issues (meeting grade standards or course requirements, etc.); desire to become more independent; financial issues; and traditional summer school motivations. Implications for marketing are discussed. (MSE)
Beukers, Nicky G F M; van der Heijden, Geert J M G; van Wijk, Arjen J; Loos, Bruno G
2017-01-01
The association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ACVD) has been established in some modestly sized studies (<10 000). Rarely, however, periodontitis has been studied directly; often tooth loss or self-reported periodontitis has been used as a proxy measure for periodontitis. Our aim is to investigate the adjusted association between periodontitis and ACVD among all individuals registered in a large dental school in the Netherlands (Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)). Anonymised data were extracted from the electronic health records for all registered patients aged >35 years (period 1998-2013). A participant was recorded as having periodontitis based on diagnostic and treatment codes. Any affirmative answer for cerebrovascular accidents, angina pectoris and/or myocardial infarction labelled a participant as having ACVD. Other risk factors for ACVD, notably age, sex, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and social economic status, were also extracted. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the adjusted associations between periodontitis and ACVD. 60 174 individuals were identified; 4.7% of the periodontitis participants (455/9730) and 1.9% of the non-periodontitis participants (962/50 444) reported ACVD; periodontitis showed a significant association with ACVD (OR 2.52; 95% CI 2.3 to 2.8). After adjustment for the confounders, periodontitis remained independently associated with ACVD (OR 1.59; 95% CI 1.39 to 1.81). With subsequent stratification for age and sex, periodontitis remained independently associated with ACVD. This cross-sectional analysis of a large cohort in the Netherlands of 60 174 participants shows the independent association of periodontitis with ACVD. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Van der Aa, Jef
2013-01-01
This article discusses the narrative architecture and interactional uptake of a school child's story about independence in Barbados during sharing time. It is found that an institutional focus on standard resources impacts both teachers' and children's sociolinguistic behavior. Ethnopoetic analysis brings out the child's patterned use of narrative…
Parental Choices in the Primary and Secondary School Market in Dushanbe, Tajikistan
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Whitsel, Christopher
2014-01-01
This paper presents findings about factors parents consider when choosing schools in the new educational market in Dushanbe, Tajikistan. The economic and political chaos of the early independence period led to greater differentiation between public schools. Policies were enacted that encouraged the growth of private schools and fee-charging…
Differences by Design? Student Composition in Charter Schools with Different Academic Models
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Malkus, Nat; Hatfield, Jenn
2017-01-01
The charter school movement is premised on the idea that, if independent operators create differentiated and innovative schooling options, families will benefit from making meaningful choices among those options that reflect their preferences. Charters are freed from many of the constraints traditional public schools face, allowing them to…
THE MISSION CALLED O/OS, A FIRSTHAND LOOK AT AMERICAN-SPONSORED SCHOOLS IN OTHER LANDS.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
ENGLEMAN, FINIS E.; LUEBKE, PAUL T.
NEARLY ONE PERCENT OF THE U. S. POPULATION IS LIVING IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. THE MAJORITY OF THESE CITIZENS ARE MILITARY PERSONNEL AND THEIR DEPENDENTS. AMERICAN CHILDREN LIVING ABROAD ATTEND VARIOUS TYPES OF SCHOOLS SUCH AS CHURCH RELATED SCHOOLS, COMPANY SCHOOLS, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SCHOOLS, AND AMERICAN SPONSORED INDEPENDENT SCHOOLS. ENROLLMENT…
Tamiru, Dessalegn; Argaw, Alemayehu; Gerbaba, Mulusew; Nigussie, Aderajew; Ayana, Girmay; Belachew, Tefera
2016-12-01
The purpose of this operational study was to assess the effectiveness school-based health and nutrition intervention supported with backyard gardening on the dietary diversity among school adolescents. A total of 1000 school adolescents from 10 to 19years were selected randomly. The intervention involved peer-led behavior change communication and health promotion through school media and health clubs. Data were collected at baseline, midline and end-line using structured questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the independent effect of interventions. There was a significant increment of proportion of school children consuming diversified diet among the intervention group from 34.8% at baseline through 65.6% at midline to 74.7% at the end-line (p<0.001). Among control group, there was no change from midline (49.4%) to endline (48.8%), though there was a change from baseline (32.1%) to midline (49.4%). A significant difference of dietary diversity intake was observed between intervention and control groups at midline (F=5.64, p=0.042) and endline (F=5.85, p<0.001) survey. Being in the intervention school (OR=2.55 [1.55, 3.50]), being a boy (OR=1.75 [1.91, 2.56]) and having farmer mothers (OR=2.58 [1.01, 6.87]) were independent positive predictors of a diversified diet intake. However, having a mother who attended secondary schools were inversely associated (OR=0.25 [0.06, 0.97]) with consuming a diversified diet. Findings of this study demonstrated that there was a significant improvement in dietary diversity of adolescents in intervention schools. The results imply that school based nutrition education should be a part of comprehensive school health programs to reach students and potentially their families. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Implementing Continuous Improvement Management (CIM) in the Public Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Borgers, William E.; Thompson, Tommy A.
This book traces the restructuring of a Texas school district that moved from management by coercion to continuous improvement for quality. In 1990, the Dickinson Independent School District (Texas) began implementation of Continuous Improvement Management (CIM), based on the teachings of W. Edwards Deming, William Glasser, and J. M. Juran.…
Personal Reflections on the Governing of Private Schools: A Case Study
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Poultney, Val
2013-01-01
Much of what we understand about school governance is generally under-researched, and there has been almost no recent research undertaken into the governing of schools in the non-maintained, private or independent sectors that are financed by the payment of fees. These schools broadly follow a model of governance that is similar to that of the…
The Effect of Authentic Leadership on School Culture: A Structural Equation Model
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Karadag, Engin; Oztekin-Bayir, Ozge
2018-01-01
In the study, the effect of school principals' authentic leadership behaviors on teachers' perceptions of school culture was tested with the structural equation model. The study was carried out with the correlation research design. Authentic leadership behavior was taken as the independent variable, and school culture was taken as the dependent…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Anca, Monica-Iuliana; Bocos, Musata
2017-01-01
The experimental research performed by us with the purpose of exploring the possibilities of development of strategic learning competences and improvement of school performance of 11th grade students, pedagogical profile, specialisation in primary school-kindergarten teacher, falls in the category of researches aiming to make efficient certain…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Minolfo, Salvatore Andrew
2010-01-01
One purpose of this study was to determine whether a relationship exists between the size of South Carolina PreKindergarten-5 or Kindergarten-5 public elementary schools and student achievement while controlling for the effect of socioeconomic status. The independent variable school size, or 135-day average daily membership, the dependent variable…
Russell, Stephen T.; Day, Jack K.; Ioverno, Salvatore; Toomey, Russell B.
2016-01-01
Bullying is common in U.S. schools and is linked to emotional, behavioral, and academic risk for school-aged students. School policies and practices focused on sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) have been designed to reduce bullying and show promising results. Most studies have drawn from students’ reports: We examined teachers’ reports of bullying problems in their schools along with their assessments of school safety, combined with principals’ reports of SOGI-focused policies and practices. Merging two independent sources of data from over 3,000 teachers (California School Climate Survey) and nearly 100 school principals (School Health Profiles) at the school level, we used multi-level models to understand bullying problems in schools. Our results show that SOGI-focused policies reported by principals do not have a strong independent association with teachers’ reports of bullying problems in their schools. However, in schools with more SOGI-focused policies, the association between teachers’ assessments of school safety and bullying problems is stronger. Recent developments in education law and policy in the United States and their relevance for student well-being are discussed. PMID:26790701
Fox, Claudia K; Barr-Anderson, Daheia; Neumark-Sztainer, Dianne; Wall, Melanie
2010-01-01
Previous studies have found that higher physical activity levels are associated with greater academic achievement among students. However, it remains unclear whether associations are due to the physical activity itself or sports team participation, which may involve requirements for maintaining certain grades, for example. The purpose of this study is to examine the associations between sports team participation, physical activity, and academic outcomes in middle and high school students. Data were drawn from Project EAT (Eating Among Teens), a survey of middle and high school students (n = 4746). Students self-reported their weekly hours of physical activity, sports team participation, and academic letter grades. Two statistical models were considered: first, 2 separate regression analyses with grade point average (GPA) as the outcome and either sports team participation or physical activity as the predictor; second, a single regression with GPA as the outcome and both sports team participation and physical activity as the simultaneous predictors. For high school girls, both physical activity and sports team participation were each independently associated with a higher GPA. For high school boys, only sports team participation was independently associated with a higher GPA. For middle school students, the positive association between physical activity and GPA could not be separated from the relationship between sports team participation and a higher GPA. Regardless of whether academic success was related to the physical activity itself or to participation on sports teams, findings indicated positive associations between physical activity involvement and academic achievement among students.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Wardono; Waluya, B.; Kartono; Mulyono; Mariani, S.
2018-03-01
This research is very urgent in relation to the national issue of human development and the nation's competitiveness because of the ability of Indonesian Junior High School students' mathematics literacy results of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) by OECD field of Mathematics is still very low compared to other countries. Curriculum 2013 launched one of them reflect the results of PISA which is still far from the expectations of the Indonesian nation and to produce a better quality of education, PISA ratings that reflect the nation's better competitiveness need to be developed innovative, interactive learning models such as innovative interactive learning Problem Based Learning (PBL) based on the approach of Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education (PMRI) and the Scientific approach using Information and Communication Technology (ICT).The research was designed using Research and Development (R&D), research that followed up the development and dissemination of a product/model. The result of the research shows the innovative interactive learning PBL model based on PMRI-Scientific using ICT that developed valid, practical and effective and can improve the ability of mathematics literacy and independence-character of junior high school students. While the quality of innovative interactive learning PBL model based on PMRI-Scientific using ICT meet the good category.
Advancing Achievement: Findings from an Independent Evaluation of a Major After-School Initiative
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Arbreton, Amy; Sheldon, Jessica; Bradshaw, Molly; Goldsmith, Julie
2008-01-01
This report presents outcomes from Public/Private Ventures research on CORAL, an eight-year, $58 million after-school initiative of The James Irvine Foundation. Findings described in the report demonstrate the relationship between high-quality literacy programming and academic gains and underscore the potential role that quality programs may play…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
2013-01-01
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), in partnership with the National Assessment Governing Board and the Council of the Great City Schools (CGCS), created the Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) in 2002 to support the improvement of student achievement in the nation's large urban districts. NAEP TUDA results in mathematics…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
2013-01-01
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), in partnership with the National Assessment Governing Board and the Council of the Great City Schools (CGCS), created the Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) in 2002 to support the improvement of student achievement in the nation's large urban districts. NAEP TUDA results in mathematics…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
2013-01-01
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), in partnership with the National Assessment Governing Board and the Council of the Great City Schools (CGCS), created the Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) in 2002 to support the improvement of student achievement in the nation's large urban districts. NAEP TUDA results in mathematics…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
2013-01-01
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), in partnership with the National Assessment Governing Board and the Council of the Great City Schools (CGCS), created the Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) in 2002 to support the improvement of student achievement in the nation's large urban districts. NAEP TUDA results in mathematics…
Muslim Schools in Britain: Challenging Mobilisations or Logical Developments?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Meer, Nasar
2007-01-01
There are currently over 100 independent and seven state-funded Muslim schools in Britain yet their place within the British education system remains a hotly debated issue. This article argues that Muslim mobilisations for the institutional and financial incorporation of more Muslim schools into the national framework are best understood as an…
Extending the Classroom: Transforming a School through Experiential Education
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mierke, Sara
2013-01-01
Even the most traditional independent schools have a starting point for expanding or integrating experiential education. Hawken was founded in 1915 as an alternative to existing traditional private education options for boys in Cleveland. James A. Hawken, a progressive New York educator, founded the school in a small house on the edge of…
Public Money for Private Schools? Revisiting an Old Debate
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Axelrod, Paul
2005-01-01
Current debates on the extent, if any, to which private or independent schools should be supported by public funding, focus on the appropriate role of the state in the governance and regulation of schooling, with proponents on the ideological right and left reaching very different conclusions. Advocates of public funding for private schools…
ESAA Basic Summer School. Technical Report: 1979-80. Publication No. 80.19.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Porterfield, Craig; Eglsaer, Richard
A total of 359 retained seventh and eighth grade students from the Austin (Texas) Independent School District's junior high schools participated in a summer enrichment program that was designed to improve their basic skills and decision making skills and to provide them with a successful school experience. Diagnostic information was used to assign…
Connectedness Is Key: The Evolution of a Process-Driven High School Program
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nitza, Amy; Dobias, Brian
2015-01-01
This article discusses a collaborative project to improve freshman transition into a high school and to increase connectedness among high school students. What started out for the authors, a high school guidance counselor and a counselor educator, as two independent projects on similar topics, evolved in a scholarly partnership that seeks to link…
Independent Thinkers and Learners: A Critical Evaluation of the "Growing Together Schools Programme"
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sharpe, Darren
2014-01-01
This article reports on primary data following an evaluative research project examining an innovative outdoor learning programme in the South East of England with pupils from year six in a primary school. The programme focused on enhancing the skills, experiences and personal attributes of children and young people to cope better with the…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Brischetto, Robert
As part of a nine-volume, six-state study of the impact of school finance reforms on minorities and the poor, the author examines the history and effects of finance reform in Texas. He presents a political and socioeconomic profile of the state and discusses past Texas school financing, the role of the Rodriguez v. San Antonio Independent School…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ligon, Glynn; Wicker, Maria L. R.
The Austin Independent School District Superintendent of Schools required a process for monitoring district activities. The Office of Research and Evaluation developed LOOP (Linking Outcomes to Organizational Planning). LOOP is a management information system through which progress in a number of activities within the school system may be…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Doolittle, Martha; Smith, Ralph
The Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities (SDFSC) Act of 1986 provides funding to school districts to supplement local efforts to eliminate violence as well as drug and alcohol use by their students. In 1996-97, the Austin Independent School District (Texas) (AISD) received $622,692 from the SDFSC grant, with supplemental funds later bringing…
Assessing Earth and Environmental Science Enrollment Trends in Texas Public High Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sanders, Joan G.
2012-01-01
Scope and Method of Study: This study assesses the status of Earth and environmental sciences education in Texas Public High Schools by analyzing enrollment proportions of 11th and 12th grade students in 607 Independent School Districts (ISD) for the 2010-2011 academic school year using a quantitative, non-experimental alpha research design. This…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stephenson, Margaret E.
2000-01-01
Discusses the four planes of development and the periods of creation and crystallization within each plane. Identifies the type of independence that should be achieved by the end of the first two planes of development. Maintains that it is through individual work on the environment that one achieves independence. (KB)
The Kunskapsskolan ("the Knowledge School"): A Personalised Approach to Education
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Eiken, Odd
2011-01-01
Kunskapsskolan is a chain of independent secondary schools which functions as a comprehensive platform for personalised education, known as the Kunskapsskolan programme (KED). What is special about this programme is that students set their own objectives, work independently and are assessed against their personal academic goals. Kunskapsskolan is…
Russell, Stephen T; Day, Jack K; Ioverno, Salvatore; Toomey, Russell B
2016-02-01
Bullying is common in U.S. schools and is linked to emotional, behavioral, and academic risk for school-aged students. School policies and practices focused on sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) have been designed to reduce bullying and show promising results. Most studies have drawn from students' reports: We examined teachers' reports of bullying problems in their schools along with their assessments of school safety, combined with principals' reports of SOGI-focused policies and practices. Merging two independent sources of data from over 3000 teachers (California School Climate Survey) and nearly 100 school principals (School Health Profiles) at the school level, we used multi-level models to understand bullying problems in schools. Our results show that SOGI-focused policies reported by principals do not have a strong independent association with teachers' reports of bullying problems in their schools. However, in schools with more SOGI-focused policies, the association between teachers' assessments of school safety and bullying problems is stronger. Recent developments in education law and policy in the United States and their relevance for student well-being are discussed. Copyright © 2015 Society for the Study of School Psychology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Rock Hopping, Yoga and Student Empowerment: A Case Study of a Sustainable School
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Potter, Suzanne
2007-01-01
Despite increasing recognition that whole-school approaches to sustainability have an important contribution to make in moving society towards a more sustainable existence, progress in this area remains slow. By examining the practices of the Ananda Marga River School, a small independent school in the Sunshine Coast Hinterland of Queensland, this…
Democratic Education across School Types: Evidence for the U.S. from NHES99
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Belfield, Clive R.
2004-01-01
This article reports on the differences in democratic education across school types, using the US National Household Education Survey (NHES) of 1999. We replicate the estimation approach of Campbell (1998) and find a strongly positive effect from attendance at Catholic school or private independent schools on community service participation, civic…
Measuring Student Engagement Results from the 2015 High School Survey of Student Engagement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Torres, Amada
2016-01-01
Spring 2015 marked the end of a three-year pilot program that the National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS) and the NAIS Commission on Accreditation sponsored on school use of the High School Survey of Student Engagement (HSSSE), created and administered by Indiana University. To better understand the student experience, HSSSE…
Carpet in Andrews High School. A Report by the Carpet Evaluation Team.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wallace, Morris S.; And Others
In the spring of 1965, the Board of Trustees of Andrews Independent School District entered into a contract with the carpet evaluation team to analyze and evaluate the use of carpeting in the Andrews Public Schools, with emphasis on the senior high school. The two $5,000 grants served as the basis for paying for the expenses and professional…
Developing Employee Assistance Programs: New Roles for School Psychologists.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Allie, Stephen M.
In the spring of 1988 an independent school district in Texas formed a 30-member strategic planning team which gathered data on factors impacting the school district at that time and into the foreseeable future. Planning was facilitated by the appointment of 15 action teams formed to write specific plans to fulfill various targets and strategies.…
Family income, school attendance, and academic achievement in elementary school.
Morrissey, Taryn W; Hutchison, Lindsey; Winsler, Adam
2014-03-01
Low family income is associated with poor academic achievement among children. Higher rates of school absence and tardiness may be one mechanism through which low family income impacts children's academic success. This study examines relations between family income, as measured by receipt of free or reduced-price lunch, school attendance, and academic achievement among a diverse sample of children from kindergarten to 4th grade (N = 35,419) using both random and within-child fixed-effects models. Generally, results suggest that the receipt of free or reduced-price lunch and duration of receipt have small but positive associations with school absences and tardies. Poor attendance patterns predict poorer grades, with absences more associated with grades than tardies. Given the small associations between receipt of free or reduced-price lunch and school attendance, and between the duration of receipt of free or reduced-price lunch and children's grades, results do not provide strong evidence that absences and tardies meaningfully attenuate relations between the duration of low family income and student achievement; poorer attendance and persistent low income independently predict poorer grades. Implications for policy and future research are discussed. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved.
The Schools Network Corporate Plan: 2010-2011 to 2012-2013
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schools Network, 2010
2010-01-01
The Specialist Schools and Academies Trust (SSAT) is an independent, not-for-profit membership organisation dedicated to raising levels of achievement in education. SSAT has a membership of over 5,500 schools and growing numbers of affiliated universities, colleges and local authorities. This paper presents SSAT's plan which sets out its…
Independent Research (IR) and Independent Exploratory Development (IED)
1994-08-01
in the Workplace . Independent research/independent exploratory development, IR/IED...Exclusion Rate differences Over a Cut Score Domain, An Examination of Cognitive and Motivational Effects of Employee Interventions, and Cultural Diversity
Brittin, Jeri; Frerichs, Leah; Sirard, John R; Wells, Nancy M; Myers, Beth M; Garcia, Jeanette; Sorensen, Dina; Trowbridge, Matthew J; Huang, Terry
2017-01-01
Children spend a significant portion of their days in sedentary behavior (SB) and on average fail to engage in adequate physical activity (PA). The school built environment may influence SB and PA, but research is limited. This natural experiment evaluated whether an elementary school designed to promote movement impacted students' school-time SB and PA. Accelerometers measured SB and PA at pre and post time-points in an intervention group who moved to the new school (n = 21) and in a comparison group experiencing no school environmental change (n = 20). Difference-in-difference (DD) analysis examined SB and PA outcomes in these groups. Measures were also collected post-intervention from an independent, grade-matched group of students in the new school (n = 21). As expected, maturational increases in SB were observed. However, DD analysis estimated that the intervention attenuated increase in SB by 81.2 ± 11.4 minutes/day (p<0.001), controlling for time in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The intervention was also estimated to increase daily number of breaks from SB by 23.4 ± 2.6 (p < .001) and to increase light physical activity (LPA) by 67.7 ± 10.7 minutes/day (p<0.001). However, the intervention decreased MVPA by 10.3 ± 2.3 minutes/day (p<0.001). Results of grade-matched independent samples analysis were similar, with students in the new vs. old school spending 90.5 ± 16.1 fewer minutes/day in SB, taking 21.1 ± 2.7 more breaks from SB (p<0.001), and spending 64.5 ± 14.8 more minutes in LPA (p<0.001), controlling for time in MVPA. Students in the new school spent 13.1 ± 2.7 fewer minutes in MVPA (p<0.001) than their counterparts in the old school. This pilot study found that active school design had beneficial effects on SB and LPA, but not on MVPA. Mixed results point to a need for active classroom design strategies to mitigate SB, and quick access from classrooms to areas permissive of high-intensity activities to promote MVPA. Integrating
Frerichs, Leah; Sirard, John R.; Wells, Nancy M.; Myers, Beth M.; Garcia, Jeanette; Sorensen, Dina; Trowbridge, Matthew J.; Huang, Terry
2017-01-01
Background Children spend a significant portion of their days in sedentary behavior (SB) and on average fail to engage in adequate physical activity (PA). The school built environment may influence SB and PA, but research is limited. This natural experiment evaluated whether an elementary school designed to promote movement impacted students’ school-time SB and PA. Methods Accelerometers measured SB and PA at pre and post time-points in an intervention group who moved to the new school (n = 21) and in a comparison group experiencing no school environmental change (n = 20). Difference-in-difference (DD) analysis examined SB and PA outcomes in these groups. Measures were also collected post-intervention from an independent, grade-matched group of students in the new school (n = 21). Results As expected, maturational increases in SB were observed. However, DD analysis estimated that the intervention attenuated increase in SB by 81.2 ± 11.4 minutes/day (p<0.001), controlling for time in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The intervention was also estimated to increase daily number of breaks from SB by 23.4 ± 2.6 (p < .001) and to increase light physical activity (LPA) by 67.7 ± 10.7 minutes/day (p<0.001). However, the intervention decreased MVPA by 10.3 ± 2.3 minutes/day (p<0.001). Results of grade-matched independent samples analysis were similar, with students in the new vs. old school spending 90.5 ± 16.1 fewer minutes/day in SB, taking 21.1 ± 2.7 more breaks from SB (p<0.001), and spending 64.5 ± 14.8 more minutes in LPA (p<0.001), controlling for time in MVPA. Students in the new school spent 13.1 ± 2.7 fewer minutes in MVPA (p<0.001) than their counterparts in the old school. Conclusions This pilot study found that active school design had beneficial effects on SB and LPA, but not on MVPA. Mixed results point to a need for active classroom design strategies to mitigate SB, and quick access from classrooms to areas permissive of high
The Resource Centre at Madeley Court School, Salop: A Study of its Organisation and Operation.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Waite, Charlotte E.
The library resource center of a new school in Wales is described and evaluated. First there is an overview of the school itself: social environment, school aims, organization, individual and independent work, staffing, and growth of the school. Then various facets of the resource center are discussed: aims, design and layout; departmental…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Roth, Kate; Guinee, Kathleen
2011-01-01
This study examined the effects of Interactive Writing, a dynamic approach to writing instruction designed specifically for young children, on the independent writing of first graders enrolled in urban schools in a large metropolitan area. Children in the Interactive Writing condition (N = 49) showed greater growth on measures of independent…
Lambe, Paul; Waters, Catherine; Bristow, David
2013-09-01
To our knowledge, nothing is known about whether differentials in support and advice during preparation for the interview influence candidate performance and thereby contribute to bias in selection for medical school. To assess if differences in advice and support with preparation for the medical school admissions interview given type of school last attended influence interview score achieved by direct school leaver applicants to study on an undergraduate UK medical degree course. Confidential self-completed on-line questionnaire survey. Interview performance was positively related to whether a teacher, tutor or career advisors at the School or College last attended had advised a respondent to prepare for the interview, had advised about the various styles of medical interview used and the types of questions asked, and what resources were available to help in preparation. Respondents from Private/Independent schools were more likely than those from State schools to have received such advice and support. Differentials in access to advice on and support with preparation for the medical school interview may advantage some candidates over others. This inequity would likely be ameliorated by the provision of an authoritative and comprehensive guide to applying to medical school outlining admission requirements and the preparation strategy applicants should use in order to best meet those requirements. The guide could be disseminated to the Principals of all UK schools and colleges and freely available electronic versions signposted in medical school prospectuses and the course descriptor on the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service.
Fitzpatrick, Brendan M.; Phillips, Elizabeth
2012-01-01
Objectives. We developed a data collection and monitoring system to independently evaluate the self-regulatory effort to reduce the number of beverage calories available to children during the regular and extended school day. We have described the data collection procedures used to verify data supplied by the beverage industry and quantified changes in school beverage shipments. Methods. Using a proprietary industry data set collected in 2005 and semiannually in 2007 through 2010, we measured the total volume of beverage shipments to elementary, middle, and high schools to monitor intertemporal changes in beverage volumes, the composition of products delivered to schools, and portion sizes. We compared data with findings from existing research of the school beverage landscape and a separate data set based on contracts between schools and beverage bottling companies. Results. Between 2004 and the 2009–2010 school year, the beverage industry reduced calories shipped to schools by 90%. On a total ounces basis, shipments of full-calorie soft drinks to schools decreased by 97%. Conclusions. Industry self-regulation, with the assistance of a transparent and independent monitoring process, can be a valuable tool in improving public health outcomes. PMID:22897528
Wescott, Robert F; Fitzpatrick, Brendan M; Phillips, Elizabeth
2012-10-01
We developed a data collection and monitoring system to independently evaluate the self-regulatory effort to reduce the number of beverage calories available to children during the regular and extended school day. We have described the data collection procedures used to verify data supplied by the beverage industry and quantified changes in school beverage shipments. Using a proprietary industry data set collected in 2005 and semiannually in 2007 through 2010, we measured the total volume of beverage shipments to elementary, middle, and high schools to monitor intertemporal changes in beverage volumes, the composition of products delivered to schools, and portion sizes. We compared data with findings from existing research of the school beverage landscape and a separate data set based on contracts between schools and beverage bottling companies. Between 2004 and the 2009-2010 school year, the beverage industry reduced calories shipped to schools by 90%. On a total ounces basis, shipments of full-calorie soft drinks to schools decreased by 97%. Industry self-regulation, with the assistance of a transparent and independent monitoring process, can be a valuable tool in improving public health outcomes.
Thumann, Barbara F; Nur, Ula; Naker, Dipak; Devries, Karen M
2016-07-29
Few studies have explored risk factors for poor mental health in Ugandan primary schools. This study investigated whether individual- and contextual-level school-related factors including violence from school staff and other students, connectedness to school and peers, as well as school size and urban/rural location, were associated with mental health difficulties in Ugandan children. We also examined whether associations between violence exposure at school and mental health were mediated by connectedness as well as whether associations were different for boys and girls. The analytic sample consisted of 3,565 students from 42 primary schools participating in the Good Schools Study. Data were collected through individual interviews conducted in June and July 2012. Mental health was measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Multilevel logistic regression was applied to investigate factors associated with mental health difficulties. Experiences of violence from school staff and other students in the past week were strongly associated with mental health difficulties (OR = 1.58, 95 % CI 1.31 to 1.90 and 1.81, 1.47 to 2.23, respectively). Children with a low school connectedness had 1.43 times (1.11 to 1.83) the odds of mental health difficulties compared to those with a high school connectedness. The OR comparing children never feeling close to other students at their school with those always feeling close was 1.86 (1.18 to 2.93). The effect of violence on mental health was not mediated through the connectedness variables. School size was not related to mental health difficulties, but attending an urban school increased the odds of mental health difficulties after accounting for other factors. We did not find evidence that the effect of one or more of the exposures on the outcome differed between boys and girls. These findings suggest that violence in school and low connectedness to school and peers are independently associated with mental health
An Exploratory Contingency Model for Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Whorton, David M.
In an application of contingency theory, data from 45 Arizona schools were analyzed to determine the relationships between three sets of independent variables (organizational structure, leadership style, and environmental characteristics) and the dependent variable (organizational effectiveness as perceived by principals and teachers). Contingency…
Crawford, S B; Bennetts, S K; Hackworth, N J; Green, J; Graesser, H; Cooklin, A R; Matthews, J; Strazdins, L; Zubrick, S R; D'Esposito, F; Nicholson, J M
2017-05-01
This qualitative study involved focus groups with 132 children and 12 parents in primary and secondary schools in metropolitan and regional areas of Victoria, Australia, to explore experiences and perceptions of children's independent mobility. The study highlights the impact of family routines, neighborhood characteristics, social norms and reference points for decision making. Children reported a wider range of safety concerns than parents, including harm from strangers or traffic, bullying, or getting lost. Children expressed great delight in being independent, often seeking to actively influence parents' decision making. Children's independent mobility is a developmental process, requiring graduated steps and skill building. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The Multiplier Effect: The Case for Multi-School, Global Education Programs
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dugan, Rik; Nink, Matt
2010-01-01
Multi-school and multi-country programs greatly enhance leadership development and global awareness in students and teachers, while creating better problem solvers, stronger relationships, and wider community impact than any single-school program. That's why Global Youth Leadership Institute (GYLI) and National Association of Independent Schools…
Accounting for Advanced High School Coursework in College Admission Decisions
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sadler, Philip M.; Tai, Robert H.
2007-01-01
The purpose of the current study is to investigate the feasibility of accounting for student performance in advanced high school coursework through the adjustment of high school grade point average (HSGPA) while separating out variables that are independently considered in the admission process, e.g., SAT/ACT scores, community affluence, type of…
The Schools Network Corporate Plan: 2008-2009 to 2010-2011
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schools Network, 2008
2008-01-01
The Specialist Schools and Academies Trust (SSAT) is an independent, not-for-profit membership organisation dedicated to raising levels of achievement in secondary education. It has a membership of over 4900 schools and organisations. SSAT works with head teachers, teachers and students to encourage them to develop and share new and effective…
The Schools Network Corporate Plan: 2009-2010 to 2011-2012
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schools Network, 2009
2009-01-01
The Specialist Schools and Academies Trust (SSAT) is an independent, not-for-profit membership organisation dedicated to raising levels of achievement in secondary education. SSAT has a membership of over 5,300 schools and growing numbers of affiliated universities, colleges and local authorities. This corporate plan sets out SSAT's main work for…
Piecing Together an Integrated Approach to Drug-Free Schools. 1992-93 Final Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wiehe, James A.
The federal Drug-Free Schools and Communities (DFSC) Act of 1986 provides funding to school districts to help eliminate drug and alcohol use on their campuses. In 1992-93, the Austin Independent School District (AISD) received $467,362 from the act. The funds supported a wide assortment of preventative and educational programs regarding the…
We love our school toilets: involving primary school students in improving their school toilets.
Senior, Elizabeth
2014-03-01
This article reports on the planning, implementation and evaluation of an intervention to improve school students' experience of using the school toilet in a primary school in Melbourne, Australia. 20 students from grades 2-6 participated in focus groups, to discuss what they valued about the school and raise awareness of issues they were not happy about. A common theme from all of the focus groups was that students reported avoiding use of the school toilets. Using the ideas generated from the focus groups, the student council (with input from staff), developed a self-administered pre- and post-test questionnaire. This was given to 220 students in grades 1-4, aged 6-10 years. Improvements suggested by the students were made to the toilet block, and then a post-test was administered. Independent t tests were conducted. The pre-test indicated that 71% of girls and 65% of boys feared the behaviour of other students in the toilet. Overwhelmingly, the qualitative comments focused on poor student behaviour in the toilets, with lack of privacy due to student misbehaviour mentioned in 90% of the comments. After the toilets were revamped, the greatest gains were made in students' attitudes toward the toilets, with a 37% increase in students who indicated they now liked the toilet facility. Incidents of vandalism also decreased; however, student misconduct in the toilets was still regarded as a problem. Involving students in refurbishing their toilets improved how students viewed the toilets and reduced vandalism; however, a different intervention is required to change inappropriate behaviours in the toilet.
Ohri-Vachaspati, Punam; Turner, Lindsey; Adams, Marc A; Bruening, Meg; Chaloupka, Frank J
2016-03-01
Salad bars have been promoted as a strategy for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in schools. To examine school-level resources and programs associated with the presence of salad bars in elementary schools and to assess whether there were differential changes in salad bar prevalence based on school-level resources and programs before and after the new US Department of Agriculture schools meals standards were proposed (January 2011) and implemented (July 2012). Repeated cross-sectional design. Data were collected annually between 2006-2007 and 2013. Nationally representative sample of 3,956 elementary schools participating in the National School Lunch Program. School personnel (ie, administrators and foodservice staff) provided data using a mail-back survey. Presence of salad bars in school was the primary outcome variable. School-level programs and resources were investigated as independent variables. Weighted logistic regression analyses examined associations between dependent and independent variables controlling for school demographic characteristics. Prevalence of salad bars increased significantly from 17.1% in 2006-2007 to 29.6% in 2012-2013. The prevalence of salad bars was significantly higher among schools that participated in the Team Nutrition program (odds ratio [OR] 1.37, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.70), the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.95), a Farm to School program (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.36 to 2.33), and where school meals were provided by a foodservice management company (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.97). No association was found for schools with full-service kitchen, school gardens, those offering nutrition education, or those with dietitians/nutritionists on staff. Prevalence of salad bars increased significantly after the US Department of Agriculture school meal guidelines were proposed and implemented. It is likely that schools are using salad bars to offer a variety of fruits and vegetables to students, and schools
Socially Responsible Investing: It's Time for Schools to Get on Board
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Armoza, Natalia
2011-01-01
Whether it is in their professional development programs, admissions materials, or curricula, independent schools have a lot to say about environmental stewardship, equity, community service, and justice. When they send their students to rebuild post-Katrina New Orleans or construct LEED-certified structures, the schools and their constituents…
Plan para las Escuelas "Sabatinas" (Plan for the "Saturday Schools").
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Campos, Miguel A.; Williams, David R.
The Escuelas "Sabatinas" (Saturday Schools) program in Costa Rica will be for adults 18 and over who wish to obtain a primary school diploma on the basis of maturity, and who have enough general knowledge, intelligence, and maturity to undertake independent study supplemented by formal instruction. The course will run two years, 36 weeks…
Continued Steps towards Drug-Free Schools in AISD: 1989-90.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Smyer, Roxane; Wilkinson, David
The Austin (Texas) Independent School District (AISD) has received federal funds through the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act of 1986. The AISD has established a four-fold approach to educate students in kindergarten through grade 12 about the dangers of drugs and alcohol. The four components of the program include: (1) a core committee…
Implementing Multiple Intelligences: The New City School Experience. Fastback 407.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hoerr, Thomas R.
This brief reviews the concept of multiple intelligences (MI) and discusses the implementation of the theory of MI in the New City School, an independent school in St. Louis (Missouri). The theory of MI, as developed by Howard Gardner, says that there are at least seven different intelligences: linguistic, logical, musical, bodily-kinesthetic,…
The Effect of Charter Schools on Student Achievement: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Betts, Julian R.; Tang, Y. Emily
2011-01-01
Charter schools are largely viewed as a major innovation in the public school landscape, as they receive more independence from state laws and regulations than do traditional public schools, and are therefore more able to experiment with alternative curricula, pedagogical methods, and different ways of hiring and training teachers. Unlike…
Does High School Facility Quality Affect Student Achievement? A Two-Level Hierarchical Linear Model
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bowers, Alex J.; Urick, Angela
2011-01-01
The purpose of this study is to isolate the independent effects of high school facility quality on student achievement using a large, nationally representative U.S. database of student achievement and school facility quality. Prior research on linking school facility quality to student achievement has been mixed. Studies that relate overall…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rolle, R. Anthony; Wood, R. Craig
2012-01-01
Texas charter school districts (CSDs) are accredited and monitored by the Texas Education Agency (TEA) utilizing the various components within the state accountability systems for both state and federal requirements. Yet, Texas CSDs are believed to operate with few regulatory restrictions on administrative, instructional, and pedagogical methods.…
Diversity and Educational Gains: A Plan for a Changing County and Its Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Orfield, Gary; Frankenberg, Erica
2011-01-01
This report is a response to the Jefferson County School Board's request for an independent study of the best way to carry successfully into the future its long-term commitment to diversity in its schools. The Board's first principle is preservation of diversity in the schools. The authors' assignment from the board was two-fold: to build on the…
Tamiru, Dessalegn; Argaw, Alemayehu; Gerbaba, Mulusew; Ayana, Girmay; Nigussie, Aderajew; Belachew, Tefera
2016-08-17
Household food insecurity and lack of education are two of the most remarkable deprivations which developing countries are currently experiencing. Evidences from different studies showed that health and nutrition problems are major barriers to educational access and achievement in low-income countries which poses a serious challenge on effort towards the achieving Sustainable Development Goals. Evidence on the link between food security and school attendance is very important to address this challenge. This study aimed to assess to what extent food insecurity affects school absenteeism among primary school adolescents. A school based cross-sectional study was conducted among primary school adolescents in Jimma zone from October-November, 2013. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the household food security and socio-demographic variables. Data were analyzed using SPSS for windows version 16.0 after checking for missing values and outliers. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association of school absenteeism and food insecurity with independent variables using odds ratio and 95 % of confidence intervals. Variables with p ≤ 0.25 in the bivariate analyses were entered into a multivariable regression analysis to control for associations among the independent variables. The frequency of adolescent school absenteeism was significantly high (50.20 %) among food insecure households (P < 0.001) compared to their peers whose households were food secure (37.89 %). Findings of multivariable logistic regression analysis also showed that household food insecurity [AOR = 2.81 (1.70, 4.76)] was positively associated with poor school attendance while female-headed household [AOR = 0.23 (0.07, 0.72)], urban residence [AOR = 0.52 (0.36, 0.81)] and male-gender [AOR = 0.64 (0.54, 0.74)] were inversely associated with school absenteeism. Household food insecurity was positively associated with lack of
Does School Desegregation Policy Stimulate Residential Integration? Evidence from a Case Study.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Clark, William A. V.
1988-01-01
Study of desegregation efforts in the Oklahoma Independent School District and residence patterns in the Oklahoma City metropolitan region reveals that desegregated schools do not lead to desegregated housing: there is little if any direct relationship between student assignments and household relocation behavior. (BJV)
Effective Consultants: A Conceptual Framework for Helping School Systems Achieve Systemic Reform
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hazle Bussey, Leslie; Welch, Jennie C.; Mohammed, Meca B.
2014-01-01
A growing number of organisations--universities, non-profits, independent consultants--are emerging as partners to school systems pursuing systemic improvement. This proliferation invites questions probing the interaction between school systems and their consulting partners. Drawing on a cross-disciplinary review of literature, this theoretical…
Epidemiology of school accidents during a six school-year period in one region in Poland.
Sosnowska, Stefania; Kostka, Tomasz
2003-01-01
The aim of the study was to analyse the incidence of school accidents in relation to school size, urban/rural environment and conditions of physical education classes. 202 primary schools with nearly 50,000 students aged 7-15 years were studied during a 6-year period in the Włocławek region in Poland. There were in total 3274 school accidents per 293,000 student-years. Accidents during breaks (36.6%) and physical education (33.2%) were most common. Most frequently accidents took place at schoolyard (29.7%), gymnasium (20.2%), and in the corridor and stairs (25.2%). After adjustment for students' age and sex, student-staff ratio and duration of school hours, urban environment increased the probability of accident (OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.14-1.38). Middle-size schools (8-23 classes) had similar accident rate as small schools (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.83-1.04), while schools with 24-32 classes (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.10-1.43) and with > or = 33 classes (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.17-1.58) had increased accident rate. Presence of a gymnasium was also associated with increased probability of accident (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.38-1.61). Urban environment, larger school-size and equipment with full-size gymnasium are important and independent risk factors for school accidents. These findings provide some new insights into the epidemiology of school-related accidents and may be useful information for the planning of strategies to reduce accident incidence in schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ojukwu, M. O.; Ahaoma Chigozirim, Nwanma
2015-01-01
This study examined the influence of insecurity of school environment on the behavior of secondary school students. A total of 200 students responded to a self-structured validated questionnaire designed for the study. Three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Independent samples t-tests were used in analysing the data. The findings…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ross-Gordon, Jovita M.; And Others
The Services for Transition to Independence through Education (STRIDE) project evaluated a model for providing comprehensive training and employment services to adults with mild handicaps, using existing vocational education classes and special needs support programs in a secondary vocational technical school in Altoona, Pennsylvania. Services…
Summer School Pilot, 1982: Second Report to the Texas Education Agency.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Austin Independent School District, TX. Office of Research and Evaluation.
This technical report documents staff and parent reactions to the 1982 Austin (TX) Independent School District summer school for retainees, provides data on fall teachers' assessment of retainee skills, and describes the nature of the long-term comparison group. A summary of this information plus appendices detailing the purpose, procedures, and…
Motivating Adolescent Readers: A Middle School Reading Fluency and Prosody Intervention
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Whittington, Marta
2012-01-01
Adolescent learners face a complexity of reading content they have never before encountered as they enter middle school and become independent in structuring their own academic frameworks. Some students become disconnected and unmotivated readers as school competes with their multiple reading lives. This study examined the use of choice along with…
School Furniture Development: An Evaluation. Educational Studies and Documents No. 16.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Scriven (F.B.) and Associates, London (England).
Unesco is playing an increasingly important role in helping developing countries adapt school furniture in line with educational methods and goals. This publication includes an independent evaluation of Unesco's school furniture projects in Sri Lanka and Tunisia. For purposes of comparison, evaluation of a furniture project carried out by the…
Inspection Judgements on Urban Schools: A Case for the Defence
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gorton, Julian; Williams, Melanie; Wrigley, Terry
2014-01-01
This article is co-authored by two urban school Heads in the north of England with the support of an academic partner. The article begins with the phenomenon of official judgements of urban schools, made by the Office for Standards in Education, Children's Services and Skills, a semi-privatised and supposedly independent arm of government. The…
Abdul-Sattar, Amal; Magd, Sahar Abou El; Negm, Mohamed G
2014-01-01
The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with school absenteeism and poor school functioning in Egyptian children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We studied 52 consecutive patients of JIA with age ≥ 7 years and duration of disease ≥ 1 year. All of the patients underwent assessment of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, disease activity (JIDAS-27), functional ability (CHAQ), depressive symptoms (CDI score), and school functioning (PedsQL™ 4.0). Multivariate modeling was applied to determine the factors that associated with school absenteeism and poor school functioning. A total of 69% of the sample missed 3 weeks or more of school during past academic year. The mean percentage of missed school days was 12.5% (equivalent to 25 absent days). A total of 46% of the patients had poor school functioning (school functioning subscale score of HRQOL ≥ 1 SD below the mean of healthy children). In multiple regression analyses, high CHAQ scores, disease activity, and depressive symptoms were independent predictors for both of school absenteeism and of poor school functioning. However, living in rural regions was independently associated only with high school absenteeism in patients with JIA. Disease activity, functional disability, and high depressive symptoms are predictors of school absenteeism and poor school functioning. These findings underscore the critical need for treatment strategies that have the ability to better control disease activity, to minimize functional disability, and depressive symptoms. More attention should be given to JIA patients who live in rural regions.
School Disruption on the Small Scale: Can Micro-Schools Break Out of an Elite Niche?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cohen, Justin C.
2017-01-01
NuVu is an off-the-grid, independent "micro-school" in Massachusetts, whose 60 students are stretching the boundaries of what constitutes education in America. Instead of switching between subject-driven classes that teach a common curriculum, they follow a fluid schedule in two-week blocks, and apply math, reading, problem-solving, and…
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lyons, Suzanne Shaw
2013-01-01
Cyberbullying among students has become a serious issue for school communities, partly due to ubiquitous Internet access, instant messaging, and a myriad of social media websites that provide infinite ways to abuse, threaten, and insult others. In some cases, students have been cyberbullied so brutally that adolescent victims even contemplate or…
From the school yard to the squad car: school discipline, truancy, and arrest.
Monahan, Kathryn C; VanDerhei, Susan; Bechtold, Jordan; Cauffman, Elizabeth
2014-07-01
Since the 1990's, implementation of zero tolerance policies in schools has led to increased use of school suspension and expulsion as disciplinary techniques for students with varying degrees of infractions. An unintended consequence of zero tolerance policies is that school suspension or expulsion may increase risk for contact with the juvenile justice system. In the present study, we test how forced absence from school via suspension or expulsion and chosen absence from school (truancy) are associated with the likelihood of being arrested. Using month-level data from 6,636 months from a longitudinal study of delinquent adolescents (N = 1,354; 13.5 % female; 41.5 % Black, 33.5 % Hispanic-American, 20.2 % White), we compare the likelihood of being arrested, within individuals, for months when youth were and were not suspended or expelled from school and for months when youth were and were not truant. Finally, we test if these associations were moderated by stable demographic characteristics (sex, race, age, history of problem behaviors) and time-varying contextual factors (peer delinquency, parental monitoring, and commitment to school). Being suspended or expelled from school increased the likelihood of arrest in that same month and this effect was stronger among youth who did not have a history of behavior problems and when youth associated with less delinquent peers. Truancy independently contributed to the likelihood of arrest, but this association was explained by differences in parental monitoring and school commitment. Thus, school disciplinary action places youth at risk for involvement in the juvenile justice system and this may be especially true for less risky youth.
Selection into medical school: from tools to domains.
Wilkinson, Tom M; Wilkinson, Tim J
2016-10-03
Most research into the validity of admissions tools focuses on the isolated correlations of individual tools with later outcomes. Instead, looking at how domains of attributes, rather than tools, predict later success is likely to be more generalizable. We aim to produce a blueprint for an admissions scheme that is broadly relevant across institutions. We broke down all measures used for admissions at one medical school into the smallest possible component scores. We grouped these into domains on the basis of a multicollinearity analysis, and conducted a regression analysis to determine the independent validity of each domain to predict outcomes of interest. We identified four broad domains: logical reasoning and problem solving, understanding people, communication skills, and biomedical science. Each was independently and significantly associated with performance in final medical school examinations. We identified two potential errors in the design of admissions schema that can undermine their validity: focusing on tools rather than outcomes, and including a wide range of measures without objectively evaluating the independent contribution of each. Both could be avoided by following a process of programmatic assessment for selection.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Crowther, Eleanor
The practicum reported here was designed to increase middle school students' participation in and use of the school library programs and resources. BookTalks, Read Alouds, a special service project, and three all-school programs were accomplished in this independent school setting during a three-month period. Middle school students were encouraged…
The National Association of Charter School Authorizers' Index of Essential Practices
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Association of Charter School Authorizers (NJ1), 2011
2011-01-01
Authorizers are as varied as the schools they oversee. Some are responsible for just one charter, while others monitor hundreds of charters serving tens of thousands of students. Some are school districts, while others are independent statewide boards, universities, not-for-profits, or state education agencies. Regardless of their size and type,…
Freedom and Control of Student Publications in the American High School.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
King, Thomas J.
While noting the restrictions on the generalizability of case law, the author conducts a case-by-case review of litigation concerning student publications in the senior high school. He answers four questions: (1) May the teachers and/or administrators of a school exercise "prior censorship" or control over the content of independent-underground…
NAIS Member School Operations, 1982-83; NAIS Membership, 1983-84. NAIS Statistics, Spring 1984.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Association of Independent Schools, Boston, MA.
This report shows responses to two National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS) surveys distributed in September 1983. Section I focuses on financial aid income for 593 schools, including those deriving income from one source, and on aid to students at 644 schools during 1982-83. Section II shows minority student enrollment in 784 United…
Primary and Secondary Education in Morocco: From Access to School into Generalization to Dropout
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mansouri, Zoulal; Moumine, Mohamed El Amine
2017-01-01
This article provides an overview of school wastage, namely repetition and dropout in primary and secondary schools in Morocco. It describes how this phenomenon has progressed since school was implemented in the 1960s. It shows that the fundamental principles of the education system established in the aftermath of Morocco?s independence in 1956…
Research in Secondary Schools. Advances in Learning and Behavioral Disabilities. Volume 17
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Scruggs, Thomas E., Ed.; Mastropieri, Margo A., Ed.
2004-01-01
Secondary education of students with learning and behavioral disabilities is an issue of great importance. Unlike elementary schools, secondary schools require substantially more independent functioning, assume the effective use of student planning and study skills, and often lack the classes in basic skills needed by some learners. Further, new…
Going Paperless: How One School Board Made the Move to Electronic Agendas.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mills, Nancy V.
2000-01-01
An effort to improve communications between school board members and the superintendent and administrators of the Katy (Texas) Independent School District has evolved into electronic board agendas and paperless board meetings. Installation of laptop computers, printers, fax machines, and dedicated phone lines in board members' homes was key. (MLH)
School Leader's Literacy Walkthrough: Kindergarten, First, Second, and Third Grades
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kosanovich, Marcia; Smith, Kevin; Hensley, Trudy; Osborne-Lampkin, La'Tara; Foorman, Barbara
2015-01-01
The "School Leader's Literacy Walkthrough" is designed to assist school leaders in observing specific research-based practices during literacy instruction (or students' independent use or application of those practices). This tool is based on rigorous research that indicates the most effective way to teach reading (see Foorman &…
The Role of Sexual Orientation in School-Based Victimization: A Meta-Analysis
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Toomey, Russell B.; Russell, Stephen T.
2016-01-01
School-based victimization is associated with poorer developmental, academic, and health outcomes. This meta-analytic review compared the mean levels of school-based victimization experienced by sexual minority youth to those of heterosexual youth, and examined moderators of this difference. Results from 18 independent studies (N = 56,752…
Chartering New Waters: The Indianapolis Mayoral Transition and the Charter School Community
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Prusinski, Ellen L.; Ruddy, Anne-Maree; Plucker, Jonathan A.; Cierniak, Katherine A.
2015-01-01
As the first mayor in the United States to possess independent charter school authorizing authority, Mayor Bart Peterson oversaw the establishment and expansion of Indianapolis's ambitious charter school initiative. In 2007, Democratic Mayor Peterson's oversight of the initiative came to an end when he was unexpectedly defeated by Republican…
The Relationship between Servant Leadership and Student Achievement in Southwest Virginia Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Crabtree, Christopher Thomas Stanley
2014-01-01
The purpose of this correlational study is to test the theory of servant leadership that relates the servant leadership characteristics of school principals to student achievement in Southwest Virginia schools. The primary independent variable was principals' servant leadership characteristics as derived from a self-assessment survey (SASL). The…
The Contribution of Schooling to Learning Gains of Pupils in Years 1 to 6
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Luyten, Hans; Merrell, Christine; Tymms, Peter
2017-01-01
By means of a regression-discontinuity approach with multiple cut-off points, the effects of age and schooling on learning gains in English primary schools are estimated. The analyses relate to over 3,500 pupils in 20, predominantly independently funded, schools and focus on 4 different learning outcomes. In order to take into account delayed and…
Tamiru, Dessalegn; Melaku, Yabsira; Belachew, Tefera
2017-03-01
Studies showed that poor health and nutrition among school adolescents are major barriers to educational access and achievements in low-income countries. This school-based study was aimed to assess the association of school absenteeism and food insecurity among rural school adolescents from grades 5 to 8 in Jimma zone, Ethiopia. Regression analyses were used to see the strength of association between dependent and independent variables using odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictor of school absenteeism. Validated tools are used to collect household food insecurity data. Results showed that school absenteeism is significantly high among adolescents from food insecure households when compared to adolescents from food secure households ( P <.001). School absenteeism was negatively associated with male sex (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = -0.91, 95% CI -1.85 to -0.03), household food security (adjusted odds ratio = -1.85, 95% CI -3.11 to -0.59), being an elder sibling (AOR = -0.37, 95% CI, -0.62 to -0.12), and mother involvement in decision making (AOR = -0.68, 95% CI, -1.33 to -0.03) while male-headed household was positively associated (AOR = 2.46, 95% CI, 1.37 to 4.56). Generally, this study showed that household food insecurity has significant contribution to school absenteeism among rural adolescents. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve household income earning capacity to reduce the prevalence of school absenteeism among rural school adolescents.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Combs, Julie P.; Jackson, Sherion H.
2005-01-01
The purpose of this paper is to present findings from a program evaluation conducted to examine the effectiveness of the Schools Attuned program in a north Texas school district. Schools Attuned was developed by a professor of pediatrics, Dr. Mel Levine (2002), as a professional development model to train teachers to identify cognitive and…
School Socioeconomic Composition and Adolescent Sexual Initiation in Malawi.
Kim, Jinho
2015-09-01
Numerous studies have documented the determinants of sexual behavior among adolescents in less-developed countries, yet relatively little is known about the influence of social contexts such as school and neighborhood. Using two waves of data from a school-based longitudinal survey conducted in Malawi from 2011-13, this study advances our understanding of the relationship between school-level socioeconomic contexts and adolescents' sexual activity. The results from two-level multinomial logistic regression models suggest that high socioeconomic composition of the student body in school decreases the odds of initiation of sexual activity, independent of other important features of schools and individual-level characteristics. This study also finds that the association between school socioeconomic composition and sexual activity is statistically significant among male adolescents but not female adolescents, suggesting that schools' socioeconomic contexts may be more relevant to male adolescents' initiation of sexual activity. © 2015 The Population Council, Inc.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
US Environmental Protection Agency, 2009
2009-01-01
This issue of "Indoor Air Quality Tools for Schools" Update ("IAQ TfS" Update) contains the following items: (1) News and Events; (2) Feature Article: Reduce Energy Costs while Maintaining Healthy IAQ; (3) Insight into Excellence: North East Independent School District ; (4) School Building Week 2009; and (5) Have Your Questions Answered!
The Geography of Inequality: Why Separate Means Unequal in American Public Schools*
Logan, John R.; Minca, Elisabeta; Adar, Sinem
2013-01-01
Persistent school segregation does not only mean that children of different racial and ethnic backgrounds attend different schools, but their schools are also unequal in their performance. This study documents nationally the extent of disparities in school performance between schools attended by whites and Asians compared to blacks, Hispanics, and Native Americans. It further examines the geography of school inequality in two ways. First it analyzes the segregation of students between different types of school profiles based on racial composition, poverty and metropolitan location. Second it estimates the independent effects of these and other school and school district characteristics on school performance, identifying which aspects of school segregation are the most important sources of disadvantage. A focus on schools at the bottom of the distribution as in No Schools Left Behind would not ameliorate wide disparities between groups that are found run across the whole spectrum of school performance. PMID:24259754