Signal Detection Theory Applied to Helicopter Transmission Diagnostic Thresholds

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dempsey, Paula J.; Keller, Jonathan A.; Wade, Daniel R.

2008-01-01

Helicopter Health Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS) have potential for providing data to support increasing the service life of a dynamic mechanical component in the transmission of a helicopter. Data collected can demonstrate the HUMS condition indicator responds to a specific component fault with appropriate alert limits and minimal false alarms. Defining thresholds for specific faults requires a tradeoff between the sensitivity of the condition indicator (CI) limit to indicate damage and the number of false alarms. A method using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves to assess CI performance was demonstrated using CI data collected from accelerometers installed on several UH60 Black Hawk and AH64 Apache helicopters and an AH64 helicopter component test stand. Results of the analysis indicate ROC curves can be used to reliably assess the performance of commercial HUMS condition indicators to detect damaged gears and bearings in a helicopter transmission.

Signal Detection Theory Applied to Helicopter Transmission Diagnostic Thresholds

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dempsey, Paula J.; Keller, Jonathan A.; Wade, Daniel R.

2009-01-01

Helicopter Health Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS) have potential for providing data to support increasing the service life of a dynamic mechanical component in the transmission of a helicopter. Data collected can demonstrate the HUMS condition indicator responds to a specific component fault with appropriate alert limits and minimal false alarms. Defining thresholds for specific faults requires a tradeoff between the sensitivity of the condition indicator (CI) limit to indicate damage and the number of false alarms. A method using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves to assess CI performance was demonstrated using CI data collected from accelerometers installed on several UH60 Black Hawk and AH64 Apache helicopters and an AH64 helicopter component test stand. Results of the analysis indicate ROC curves can be used to reliably assess the performance of commercial HUMS condition indicators to detect damaged gears and bearings in a helicopter transmission.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Silvers, Kurt

Program Manager Kurt Silvers helped protect the safety of U.S. troops who fought in Iraq and Afghanistan. PNNL researchers developed technology that monitored the battle-readiness of Hellfire II missiles onboard Army Apache helicopters. The technology continually monitors factors like vibration and temperature, providing key data when making decisions to deploy or retire weapons.

Integration of Diagnostics into Ground Equipment Study. Volume 1

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-07-30

Marine Corps V-22, CH-53E, MH-53E, SH- 60B, MH- 60S /R, AH-1Z and UH -1Y aircraft. In addition, 30 systems are in delivery to the US Army Aviation Applied...simultaneous) can be connected to the VMEP system, which is based on a PC-104 platform and a 233MHz processor. The AH-64 Apache and UH - 60 Blackhawk are outfitted...34A Model-Based Health and Usage Monitoring and Diagnostic System for the UH - 60 Helicopter," Proceedings of the American Helicopter Society 57th

Modeling methods for high-fidelity rotorcraft flight mechanics simulation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mansur, M. Hossein; Tischler, Mark B.; Chaimovich, Menahem; Rosen, Aviv; Rand, Omri

1992-01-01

The cooperative effort being carried out under the agreements of the United States-Israel Memorandum of Understanding is discussed. Two different models of the AH-64 Apache Helicopter, which may differ in their approach to modeling the main rotor, are presented. The first model, the Blade Element Model for the Apache (BEMAP), was developed at Ames Research Center, and is the only model of the Apache to employ a direct blade element approach to calculating the coupled flap-lag motion of the blades and the rotor force and moment. The second model was developed at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology and uses an harmonic approach to analyze the rotor. The approach allows two different levels of approximation, ranging from the 'first harmonic' (similar to a tip-path-plane model) to 'complete high harmonics' (comparable to a blade element approach). The development of the two models is outlined and the two are compared using available flight test data.

The 3rd ACR in TAL’AFAR: Challenges and Adaptations

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-08

raisins, and cucumbers, usually served in the local diet with grilled lamb and unleavened bread. Tal’Afar contains 18 distinctly named neighbor...accordingly, visiting the Joint Readiness Training Center at Ft. Polk, Louisiana, in the fall of 2002 to brush up...less confront an ill- defined insurgency. Featuring Bradley fighting vehicles, Abrams tanks, Apache attack helicopters, and armed-to-the- teeth

Investigation of the flight mechanics simulation of a hovering helicopter

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chaimovich, M.; Rosen, A.; Rand, O.; Mansur, M. H.; Tischler, M. B.

1992-01-01

The flight mechanics simulation of a hovering helicopter is investigated by comparing the results of two different numerical models with flight test data for a hovering AH-64 Apache. The two models are the U.S. Army BEMAP and the Technion model. These nonlinear models are linearized by applying a numerical linearization procedure. The results of the linear models are compared with identification results in terms of eigenvalues, stability and control derivatives, and frequency responses. Detailed time histories of the responses of the complete nonlinear models, as a result of various pilots' inputs, are compared with flight test results. In addition the sensitivity of the models to various effects are also investigated. The results are discussed and problematic aspects of the simulation are identified.

Improvements in hover display dynamics for a combat helicopter

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Eshow, Michelle M.; Schroeder, Jeffery A.

1993-01-01

This paper describes a piloted simulation conducted on the NASA Ames Vertical Motion Simulator. The objective of the experiment was to investigate the handling qualities benefits attainable using new display law design methods for hover displays. The new display laws provide improved methods to specify the behavior of the display symbol that predicts the vehicle's ground velocity in the horizontal plane; it is the primary symbol that the pilot uses to control aircraft horizontal position. The display law design was applied to the Apache helmet-mounted display format, using the Apache vehicle dynamics to tailor the dynamics of the velocity predictor symbol. The representations of the Apache vehicle used in the display design process and in the simulation were derived from flight data. During the simulation, the new symbol dynamics were seen to improve the pilots' ability to maneuver about hover in poor visual cuing environments. The improvements were manifested in pilot handling qualities ratings and in measured task performance. The paper details the display design techniques, the experiment design and conduct, and the results.

Army Logistician. Volume 37, Issue 4, July-August 2005

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-08-01

Galaxy , and the C–17 Globe- master can only lift one M1 tank at a time. The C–17 can lift up to four UH–60 Black Hawk helicopters, two AH–64 Apache...SOLDIERS MAY ATTEND RANGER SCHOOL Soldiers in combat support (CS) and combat ser- vice support (CSS) branches of the Army may now attend Ranger School...In the past, attendance at Ranger School was limited to combat arms soldiers and those who were assigned to the 75th Ranger Regiment or the Ranger

Identification and simulation evaluation of an AH-64 helicopter hover math model

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schroeder, J. A.; Watson, D. C.; Tischler, M. B.; Eshow, M. M.

1991-01-01

Frequency-domain parameter-identification techniques were used to develop a hover mathematical model of the AH-64 Apache helicopter from flight data. The unstable AH-64 bare-airframe characteristics without a stability-augmentation system were parameterized in the convectional stability-derivative form. To improve the model's vertical response, a simple transfer-function model approximating the effects of dynamic inflow was developed. Additional subcomponents of the vehicle were also modeled and simulated, such as a basic engine response for hover and the vehicle stick dynamic characteristics. The model, with and without stability augmentation, was then evaluated by AH-64 pilots in a moving-base simulation. It was the opinion of the pilots that the simulation was a satisfactory representation of the aircraft for the tasks of interest. The principal negative comment was that height control was more difficult in the simulation than in the aircraft.

AMLCD head-down displays for avionic applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davis, Alan J.

1997-02-01

Smiths Industries has been involved in the design, manufacture and supply of products used for the presentation of information, in one form or another, from its early pioneering years through to the present day. In the mid 1980s Smiths Industries began to invest in the then emerging active matrix liquid crystal display (AMLCD) technology which the company believed would eventually take over from the cathode ray tube. To date Smiths Industries has made a significant investment in acquiring the enabling technology needed to produce active matrix liquid crystal color head- down displays for fast jet, helicopter and civil aircraft applications. The significant improvement in AMLCD product quality and manufacturing capability over recent years has enabled market penetration of AMLCD technology products to be achieved in military and civil avionic markets. Virtually all new contracts for head-down displays are now demanding the use of AMLCD technology rather than the cathode ray tube. A significant decision to move to AMLCD technology was made by McDonnell Douglas Helicopters in 1995, when a contract to supply over 4000 head-down display products for the Apache Helicopter was let. This has paved the way for the future of AMLCD technology.

Characterization of vibration transfer paths in nose gearboxes of an AH-64 Apache

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Islam, A. K. M. Anwarul; Dempsey, Paula J.; Feldman, Jason; Larsen, Chris

2014-03-01

Health monitoring of rotorcraft components, which is currently being performed by Health and Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS) through analyzing vibration signatures of dynamic mechanical components, is very important for their safe and economic operation. Vibration diagnostic algorithms in HUMS analyze vibration signatures associated with faults and quantify them as condition indicators (CI) to predict component behavior. Vibration transfer paths (VTP) play important roles in CI response and are characterized by frequency response functions (FRF) derived from vibration signatures of dynamic mechanical components of a helicopter. With an objective to investigate the difference in VTP of a component in a helicopter and test stand, and to relate that to the CI response, VTP measurements were recorded from 0-50 kHz under similar conditions in the left and right nose gearboxes (NGBs) of an AH-64 Apache and an isolated left NGB in a test stand at NASA Glenn Research Center. The test fixture enabled the application of measured torques - common during an actual operation. Commercial and lab piezo shakers, and an impact hammer were used in both systems to collect the vibration response using two types of commercially available accelerometers under various test conditions. The FRFs of both systems were found to be consistent, and certain real-world installation and maintenance issues, such as sensor alignments, locations and installation torques, had minimal effect on the VTP. However, gear vibration transfer path dynamics appeared to be somewhat dependent on presence of oil, and the lightly-damped ring gear produced sharp and closer transfer path resonances.

Water intrusion in thin-skinned composite honeycomb sandwich structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jackson, Wade C.; O'Brien, T. Kevin

1988-01-01

Thin-skinned composite honeycomb sandwich structures from the trailing edge of the U.S. Army's Apache and Chinook helicopters have been tested to ascertain their susceptibility to water intrusion as well as such intrusions' effects on impact damage and cyclic loading. Minimum-impact and fatigue conditions were determined which would create microcracks sufficiently large to allow the passage of water through the skins; damage sufficient for this to occur was for some skins undetectable under a 40X-magnification optical microscope. Flow rate was a function of moisture content, damage, applied strain, and pressure differences.

An Empirical Correction Method for Improving off-Axes Response Prediction in Component Type Flight Mechanics Helicopter Models

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mansur, M. Hossein; Tischler, Mark B.

1997-01-01

Historically, component-type flight mechanics simulation models of helicopters have been unable to satisfactorily predict the roll response to pitch stick input and the pitch response to roll stick input off-axes responses. In the study presented here, simple first-order low-pass filtering of the elemental lift and drag forces was considered as a means of improving the correlation. The method was applied to a blade-element model of the AH-64 APache, and responses of the modified model were compared with flight data in hover and forward flight. Results indicate that significant improvement in the off-axes responses can be achieved in hover. In forward flight, however, the best correlation in the longitudinal and lateral off-axes responses required different values of the filter time constant for each axis. A compromise value was selected and was shown to result in good overall improvement in the off-axes responses. The paper describes both the method and the model used for its implementation, and presents results obtained at hover and in forward flight.

Lot 4 AH-64E Apache Attack Helicopter Follow-on Operational Test and Evaluation Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-01

groups/TLX/. P01 P02 P03 M01/02M03/04 M05 M06 M07 M08 M09 M10 M11 M12 M13 M14 M15 M16/19 M17 M20 M21 0 20 40 60 80 100 Mission ID N A SA T LX R at in g...M03/04 M05 M06 M07 M08 M09 M10 M11 M12 M13 M14 M15 M16/19 M17 M20 M21 0 2 4 6 8 10 Mission ID Be df or d W or kl oa d Box length is range of ratings

Visual cueing considerations in Nap-of-the-Earth helicopter flight head-slaved helmet-mounted displays

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Grunwald, Arthur J.; Kohn, Silvia

1993-01-01

The pilot's ability to derive Control-Oriented Visual Field Information from teleoperated Helmet-Mounted displays in Nap-of-the-Earth flight, is investigated. The visual field with these types of displays, commonly used in Apache and Cobra helicopter night operations, originates from a relatively narrow field-of-view Forward Looking Infrared Radiation Camera, gimbal-mounted at the nose of the aircraft and slaved to the pilot's line-of-sight, in order to obtain a wide-angle field-of-regard. Pilots have encountered considerable difficulties in controlling the aircraft by these devices. Experimental simulator results presented here indicate that part of these difficulties can be attributed to head/camera slaving system phase lags and errors. In the presence of voluntary head rotation, these slaving system imperfections are shown to impair the Control-Oriented Visual Field Information vital in vehicular control, such as the perception of the anticipated flight path or the vehicle yaw rate. Since, in the presence of slaving system imperfections, the pilot will tend to minimize head rotation, the full wide-angle field-of-regard of the line-of-sight slaved Helmet-Mounted Display, is not always fully utilized.

77 FR 42704 - 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notification

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-20

... Vision Sensors, 12 AN/APG-78 Fire Control Radars (FCR) with Radar Electronics Unit (LONGBOW component... Target Acquisition and Designation Sight, 27 AN/AAR-11 Modernized Pilot Night Vision Sensors, 12 AN/APG... enhance the protection of key oil and gas infrastructure and platforms which are vital to U.S. and western...

36 CFR 242.25 - Subsistence taking of fish, wildlife, and shellfish: general regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., mountain goat, moose, musk ox, Dall sheep, wolf, and wolverine. Bow means a longbow, recurve bow, or... (land) otter, red squirrel, flying squirrel, ground squirrel, marmot, wolf, or wolverine. Fyke net means...) Utilization of fish, wildlife, or shellfish. (1) You may not use wildlife as food for a dog or furbearer, or...

36 CFR 242.25 - Subsistence taking of fish, wildlife, and shellfish: general regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., mountain goat, moose, musk ox, Dall sheep, wolf, and wolverine. Bow means a longbow, recurve bow, or... (land) otter, red squirrel, flying squirrel, ground squirrel, marmot, wolf, or wolverine. Fyke net means...) Utilization of fish, wildlife, or shellfish. (1) You may not use wildlife as food for a dog or furbearer, or...

36 CFR 242.25 - Subsistence taking of fish, wildlife, and shellfish: general regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., mountain goat, moose, musk ox, Dall sheep, wolf, and wolverine. Bow means a longbow, recurve bow, or... (land) otter, red squirrel, flying squirrel, ground squirrel, marmot, wolf, or wolverine. Fyke net means...) Utilization of fish, wildlife, or shellfish. (1) You may not use wildlife as food for a dog or furbearer, or...

36 CFR 242.25 - Subsistence taking of fish, wildlife, and shellfish: general regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., mountain goat, moose, musk ox, Dall sheep, wolf, and wolverine. Bow means a longbow, recurve bow, or..., ground squirrel, marmot, wolf, or wolverine. Fyke net means a fixed, funneling (fyke) device used to... may not use wildlife as food for a dog or furbearer, or as bait, except as allowed for in § 242.26...

36 CFR 242.25 - Subsistence taking of fish, wildlife, and shellfish: general regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., mountain goat, moose, musk ox, Dall sheep, wolf, and wolverine. Bow means a longbow, recurve bow, or..., ground squirrel, marmot, wolf, or wolverine. Fyke net means a fixed, funneling (fyke) device used to... may not use wildlife as food for a dog or furbearer, or as bait, except as allowed for in § 242.26...

Navy Littoral Combat Ship (LCS)/Frigate Program: Background and Issues for Congress

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-04-18

each shipyard will deliver an LCS, on average, every six months for the remainder of the block buy. LCS 5 and 6 delivered with the fewest trial cards ...News (http://news.usni.org), April 9, 2014; Mike McCarthy, “LCS Program Dumping Griffin Missile In Favor Of Army’s Longbow,” Defense Daily, April 10

Advanced Rotorcraft Transmission (ART) program status

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bossler, Robert; Heath, Gregory

1991-01-01

Reported herein is work done on the Advanced Rotorcraft Transmission by McDonnell Douglas Helicopter Company under Army/NASA contract. The novel concept pursued includes the use of face gears for power transmission and a torque splitting arrangement. The design reduces the size and weight of the corner-turning hardware and the next reduction stage. New methods of analyzing face gears have increased confidence in their usefulness. Test gears have been designed and manufactured for power transmission testing on the NASA-Lewis spiral bevel test rig. Transmission design effort has included finite element modeling of the split torque paths to assure equal deflection under load. A finite element model of the Apache main transmission has been completed to substantiate noise prediction methods. A positive engagement overrunning clutch design is described. Test spur gears have been made by near-net-shape forging from five different materials. Three housing materials have been procured for evaluation testing.

Numerical Simulation of Roller Levelling using SIMULIA Abaqus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trusov, K. A.; Mishnev, P. A.; Kopaev, O. V.; Nushtaev, D. V.

2017-12-01

The finite element (FE) 2D-model of roller levelling process is developed in the SIMILIA Abaqus. The objective of this paper is development FE-model and investigation of adjustable parameters of roller leveller together with elastic-plastic material behaviour. Properties of the material were determined experimentally. After levelling, the strip had a residual stress distribution. The longbow after cutting is predicted too. Recommendation for practical use were proposed.

[Validity of APACHE II, APACHE III, SAPS 2, SAPS 3 and SOFA scales in obstetric patients with sepsis].

PubMed

Zabolotskikh, I B; Musaeva, T S; Denisova, E A

2012-01-01

to estimate efficiency of APACHE II, APACHE III, SAPS II, SAPS III, SOFA scales for obstetric patients with heavy sepsis. 186 medical cards retrospective analysis of pregnant women with pulmonary sepsis, 40 women with urosepsis and puerperas with abdominal sepsis--66 was performed. Middle age of women was 26.7 (22.4-34.5). In population of puerperas with abdominal sepsis APACHE II, APACHE III, SAPS 2, SAPS 3, SOFA scales showed to good calibration, however, high resolution was observed only in APACHE III, SAPS 3 and SOFA (AUROC 0.95; 0.93; 0.92 respectively). APACHE III and SOFA scales provided qualitative prognosis in pregnant women with urosepsis; resolution ratio of these scales considerably exceeds APACHE II, SAPS 2 and SAPS 3 (AUROC 0.73; 0.74; 0.79 respectively). APACHE II scale is inapplicable because of a lack of calibration (X2 = 13.1; p < 0.01), and at other scales (APACHE III, SAPS 2, SAPS 3, SOFA) was observed the insufficient resolution (AUROC < 0.9) in pregnant women with pulmonary sepsis. Prognostic possibilities assessment of score scales showed that APACHE III, SAPS 3 and SOFA scales can be used for a lethality prognosis for puerperas with abdominal sepsis, in population of pregnant women with urosepsis--only APACHE III and SOFA, and with pulmonary sepsis--SAPS 3 and APACHE III only in case of additional clinical information.

78 FR 78380 - Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Fort...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-26

... Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde... Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation, Arizona; and Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian...-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona. Other credible lines of evidence, including...

78 FR 5197 - Notice of Intent To Repatriate a Cultural Item: Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-24

... Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation, Arizona; and the Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde... of the Fort Apache Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation...

Emissions characteristics of Military Helicopter Engines Fueled with JP-8 and a Fischer-Tropsch Fuel

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Corporan, E.; DeWitt, M.; Klingshirn, Christopher D

2010-01-01

The rapid growth in aviation activities and more stringent U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations have increased concerns regarding aircraft emissions, due to their harmful health and environmental impacts, especially in the vicinity of airports and military bases. In this study, the gaseous and particulate-matter emissions of two General Electric T701C engines and one T700 engine were evaluated. The T700 series engines power the U.S. Army's Black Hawk and Apache helicopters. The engines were fueled with standard military JP-8 fuel and were tested at three power settings. In addition, one of the T701C engines was operated on a natural-gas-derived Fischer-Tropsch syntheticmore » paraffinic kerosene jet fuel. Test results show that the T701C engine emits significantly lower particulate-matter emissions than the T700 for all conditions tested. Particulate-matter mass emission indices ranged from 0.2-1.4 g/kg fuel for the T700 and 0.2-0.6 g/kg fuel for the T701C. Slightly higher NOx and lower CO emissions were observed for the T701C compared with the T700. Operation of the T701C with the Fischer-Tropsch fuel rendered dramatic reductions in soot emissions relative to operation on JP-8, due primarily to the lack of aromatic compounds in the alternative fuel. The Fischer-Tropsch fuel also produced smaller particles and slight reductions in CO emissions.« less

The Western Apache home: landscape management and failing ecosystems

Treesearch

Seth Pilsk; Jeanette C. Cassa

2005-01-01

The traditional Western Apache home lies largely within the Madrean Archipelago. The natural resources of the region make up the basis of the Apache home and culture. Profound landscape changes in the region have occurred over the past 150 years. A survey of traditional Western Apache place names documents many of these changes. An analysis of the history and Apache...

Mortality Prediction Using Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV Scoring Systems: Is There a Difference?

PubMed Central

Venkataraman, Ramesh; Gopichandran, Vijayaprasad; Ranganathan, Lakshmi; Rajagopal, Senthilkumar; Abraham, Babu K; Ramakrishnan, Nagarajan

2018-01-01

Background: Mortality prediction in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) setting is complex, and there are several scoring systems utilized for this process. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II has been the most widely used scoring system; although, the more recent APACHE IV is considered an updated and advanced prediction model. However, these two systems may not give similar mortality predictions. Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the mortality prediction ability of APACHE II and APACHE IV scoring systems among patients admitted to a tertiary care ICU. Methods: In this prospective longitudinal observational study, APACHE II and APACHE IV scores of ICU patients were computed using an online calculator. The outcome of the ICU admissions for all the patients was collected as discharged or deceased. The data were analyzed to compare the discrimination and calibration of the mortality prediction ability of the two scores. Results: Out of the 1670 patients' data analyzed, the area under the receiver operating characteristic of APACHE II score was 0.906 (95% confidence interval [CI] – 0.890–0.992), and APACHE IV score was 0.881 (95% CI – 0.862–0.890). The mean predicted mortality rate of the study population as given by the APACHE II scoring system was 44.8 ± 26.7 and as given by APACHE IV scoring system was 29.1 ± 28.5. The observed mortality rate was 22.4%. Conclusions: The APACHE II and IV scoring systems have comparable discrimination ability, but the calibration of APACHE IV seems to be better than that of APACHE II. There is a need to recalibrate the scales with weights derived from the Indian population. PMID:29910542

Mortality Prediction Using Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV Scoring Systems: Is There a Difference?

PubMed

Venkataraman, Ramesh; Gopichandran, Vijayaprasad; Ranganathan, Lakshmi; Rajagopal, Senthilkumar; Abraham, Babu K; Ramakrishnan, Nagarajan

2018-05-01

Mortality prediction in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) setting is complex, and there are several scoring systems utilized for this process. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II has been the most widely used scoring system; although, the more recent APACHE IV is considered an updated and advanced prediction model. However, these two systems may not give similar mortality predictions. The aim of this study is to compare the mortality prediction ability of APACHE II and APACHE IV scoring systems among patients admitted to a tertiary care ICU. In this prospective longitudinal observational study, APACHE II and APACHE IV scores of ICU patients were computed using an online calculator. The outcome of the ICU admissions for all the patients was collected as discharged or deceased. The data were analyzed to compare the discrimination and calibration of the mortality prediction ability of the two scores. Out of the 1670 patients' data analyzed, the area under the receiver operating characteristic of APACHE II score was 0.906 (95% confidence interval [CI] - 0.890-0.992), and APACHE IV score was 0.881 (95% CI - 0.862-0.890). The mean predicted mortality rate of the study population as given by the APACHE II scoring system was 44.8 ± 26.7 and as given by APACHE IV scoring system was 29.1 ± 28.5. The observed mortality rate was 22.4%. The APACHE II and IV scoring systems have comparable discrimination ability, but the calibration of APACHE IV seems to be better than that of APACHE II. There is a need to recalibrate the scales with weights derived from the Indian population.

Aircraft Survivability. Fall 2011

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

test the Mi-24 Hind, UH - 60 , and AH-64 Longbow rotorcraft. Bill also sat on the source selection boards for the Utility Tactical Transport Aircraft...medical evacuation (MEDEVAC, UH -60As and Air Force HH- 60s ), RW Attack (Army AH-64s and Marine AH-1s), RW Observation (Army OH-58s), and RW Utility... UH - 60s and UH -1s). Only a very small percentage of the incidents involved fixed wing aircraft with most of those involving C-130 variants that

Apache Open Climate Workbench: Building Open Source Climate Science Tools and Community at the Apache Software Foundation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Joyce, M.; Ramirez, P.; Boustani, M.; Mattmann, C. A.; Khudikyan, S.; McGibbney, L. J.; Whitehall, K. D.

2014-12-01

Apache Open Climate Workbench (OCW; https://climate.apache.org/) is a Top-Level Project at the Apache Software Foundation that aims to provide a suite of tools for performing climate science evaluations using model outputs from a multitude of different sources (ESGF, CORDEX, U.S. NCA, NARCCAP) with remote sensing data from NASA, NOAA, and other agencies. Apache OCW is the second NASA project to become a Top-Level Project at the Apache Software Foundation. It grew out of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's (JPL) Regional Climate Model Evaluation System (RCMES) project, a collaboration between JPL and the University of California, Los Angeles' Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering (JIFRESSE). Apache OCW provides scientists and developers with tools for data manipulation, metrics for dataset comparisons, and a visualization suite. In addition to a powerful low-level API, Apache OCW also supports a web application for quick, browser-controlled evaluations, a command line application for local evaluations, and a virtual machine for isolated experimentation with minimal setup. This talk will look at the difficulties and successes of moving a closed community research project out into the wild world of open source. We'll explore the growing pains Apache OCW went through to become a Top-Level Project at the Apache Software Foundation as well as the benefits gained by opening up development to the broader climate and computer science communities.

Geologic influences on Apache trout habitat in the White Mountains of Arizona

Treesearch

Jonathan W. Long; Alvin L. Medina

2006-01-01

Geologic variation has important influences on habitat quality for species of concern, but it can be difficult to evaluate due to subtle variations, complex terminology, and inadequate maps. To better understand habitat of the Apache trout (Onchorhynchus apache or O. gilae apache Miller), a threatened endemic species of the White...

Curriculum Program for the Apache Language.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whiteriver Public Schools, AZ.

These curriculum materials from the Whiteriver (Arizona) Elementary School consist of--(1) an English-Apache word list of some of the most commonly used words in Apache, 29p.; (2) a list of enclitics with approximate or suggested meanings and illustrations of usage, 5 p.; (3) an illustrated chart of Apache vowels and consonants, various written…

A Preliminary Survey of Department of Energy Microelectronics Capabilities Related to Department of Defense Needs

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-09-01

Leader Brian S. Cohen Michael B. Marks mom m fanC QUALITY DJBPECTED 1 This work was conducted under IDA’S independent research program. The...addition to novel resonator structures. This DTO supports F-22 radar and EW, GBR, GEN -X, GPS, CEC, B-6 MILSTAR, Scamp, Longbow, BCIS, SADARM...generator set for use in the Gen II and Hunter Sensor Suite ATDs in FY98; and demonstrate liquid-fueled fuel cell in FY99. B.1.13 Power Control and

The Jicarilla Apaches. A Study in Survival.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gunnerson, Dolores A.

Focusing on the ultimate fate of the Cuartelejo and/or Paloma Apaches known in archaeological terms as the Dismal River people of the Central Plains, this book is divided into 2 parts. The early Apache (1525-1700) and the Jicarilla Apache (1700-1800) tribes are studied in terms of their: persistent cultural survival, social/political adaptability,…

Comparison of APACHE III, APACHE IV, SAPS 3, and MPM0III and Influence of Resuscitation Status on Model Performance

PubMed Central

Gajic, Ognjen; Afessa, Bekele

2012-01-01

Background: There are few comparisons among the most recent versions of the major adult ICU prognostic systems (APACHE [Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation] IV, Simplified Acute Physiology Score [SAPS] 3, Mortality Probability Model [MPM]0III). Only MPM0III includes resuscitation status as a predictor. Methods: We assessed the discrimination, calibration, and overall performance of the models in 2,596 patients in three ICUs at our tertiary referral center in 2006. For APACHE and SAPS, the analyses were repeated with and without inclusion of resuscitation status as a predictor variable. Results: Of the 2,596 patients studied, 283 (10.9%) died before hospital discharge. The areas under the curve (95% CI) of the models for prediction of hospital mortality were 0.868 (0.854-0.880), 0.861 (0.847-0.874), 0.801 (0.785-0.816), and 0.721 (0.704-0.738) for APACHE III, APACHE IV, SAPS 3, and MPM0III, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow statistics for the models were 33.7, 31.0, 36.6, and 21.8 for APACHE III, APACHE IV, SAPS 3, and MPM0III, respectively. Each of the Hosmer-Lemeshow statistics generated P values < .05, indicating poor calibration. Brier scores for the models were 0.0771, 0.0749, 0.0890, and 0.0932, respectively. There were no significant differences between the discriminative ability or the calibration of APACHE or SAPS with and without “do not resuscitate” status. Conclusions: APACHE III and IV had similar discriminatory capability and both were better than SAPS 3, which was better than MPM0III. The calibrations of the models studied were poor. Overall, models with more predictor variables performed better than those with fewer. The addition of resuscitation status did not improve APACHE III or IV or SAPS 3 prediction. PMID:22499827

Module modified acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II: predicting the mortality of neuro-critical disease.

PubMed

Su, Yingying; Wang, Miao; Liu, Yifei; Ye, Hong; Gao, Daiquan; Chen, Weibi; Zhang, Yunzhou; Zhang, Yan

2014-12-01

This study aimed to conduct and assess a module modified acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (MM-APACHE) II model, based on disease categories modified-acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (DCM-APACHE) II model, in predicting mortality more accurately in neuro-intensive care units (N-ICUs). In total, 1686 patients entered into this prospective study. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II scores of all patients on admission and worst 24-, 48-, 72-hour scores were obtained. Neurological diagnosis on admission was classified into five categories: cerebral infarction, intracranial hemorrhage, neurological infection, spinal neuromuscular (SNM) disease, and other neurological diseases. The APACHE II scores of cerebral infarction, intracranial hemorrhage, and neurological infection patients were used for building the MM-APACHE II model. There were 1386 cases for cerebral infarction disease, intracranial hemorrhage disease, and neurological infection disease. The logistic linear regression showed that 72-hour APACHE II score (Wals  =  173.04, P < 0.001) and disease classification (Wals  =  12.51, P  =  0.02) were of importance in forecasting hospital mortality. Module modified acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II model, built on the variables of the 72-hour APACHE II score and disease category, had good discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AU-ROC  =  0.830)) and calibration (χ2  =  12.518, P  =  0.20), and was better than the Knaus APACHE II model (AU-ROC  =  0.778). The APACHE II severity of disease classification system cannot provide accurate prognosis for all kinds of the diseases. A MM-APACHE II model can accurately predict hospital mortality for cerebral infarction, intracranial hemorrhage, and neurologic infection patients in N-ICU.

Army-NASA aircrew/aircraft integration program (A3I) software detailed design document, phase 3

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Banda, Carolyn; Chiu, Alex; Helms, Gretchen; Hsieh, Tehming; Lui, Andrew; Murray, Jerry; Shankar, Renuka

1990-01-01

The capabilities and design approach of the MIDAS (Man-machine Integration Design and Analysis System) computer-aided engineering (CAE) workstation under development by the Army-NASA Aircrew/Aircraft Integration Program is detailed. This workstation uses graphic, symbolic, and numeric prototyping tools and human performance models as part of an integrated design/analysis environment for crewstation human engineering. Developed incrementally, the requirements and design for Phase 3 (Dec. 1987 to Jun. 1989) are described. Software tools/models developed or significantly modified during this phase included: an interactive 3-D graphic cockpit design editor; multiple-perspective graphic views to observe simulation scenarios; symbolic methods to model the mission decomposition, equipment functions, pilot tasking and loading, as well as control the simulation; a 3-D dynamic anthropometric model; an intermachine communications package; and a training assessment component. These components were successfully used during Phase 3 to demonstrate the complex interactions and human engineering findings involved with a proposed cockpit communications design change in a simulated AH-64A Apache helicopter/mission that maps to empirical data from a similar study and AH-1 Cobra flight test.

77 FR 51475 - Safety Zone; Apache Pier Labor Day Fireworks; Myrtle Beach, SC

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-24

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Apache Pier Labor Day Fireworks; Myrtle Beach, SC AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION... Atlantic Ocean in the vicinity of Apache Pier in Myrtle Beach, SC, during the Labor Day fireworks... [[Page 51476

40 CFR 52.150 - Yavapai-Apache Reservation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Yavapai-Apache Reservation. 52.150 Section 52.150 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Arizona § 52.150 Yavapai-Apache Reservation. (a...

40 CFR 52.150 - Yavapai-Apache Reservation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Yavapai-Apache Reservation. 52.150 Section 52.150 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Arizona § 52.150 Yavapai-Apache Reservation. (a...

40 CFR 52.150 - Yavapai-Apache Reservation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Yavapai-Apache Reservation. 52.150 Section 52.150 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Arizona § 52.150 Yavapai-Apache Reservation. (a...

40 CFR 52.150 - Yavapai-Apache Reservation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Yavapai-Apache Reservation. 52.150 Section 52.150 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Arizona § 52.150 Yavapai-Apache Reservation. (a...

40 CFR 52.150 - Yavapai-Apache Reservation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Yavapai-Apache Reservation. 52.150 Section 52.150 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Arizona § 52.150 Yavapai-Apache Reservation. (a...

A Gene-for-Gene Relationship Between Wheat and Mycosphaerella graminicola, the Septoria Tritici Blotch Pathogen.

PubMed

Brading, Penny A; Verstappen, Els C P; Kema, Gert H J; Brown, James K M

2002-04-01

ABSTRACT Specific resistances to isolates of the ascomycete fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola, which causes Septoria tritici blotch of wheat, have been detected in many cultivars. Cvs. Flame and Hereward, which have specific resistance to the isolate IPO323, were crossed with the susceptible cv. Longbow. The results of tests on F1 and F2 progeny indicated that a single semidominant gene controls resistance to IPO323 in each of the resistant cultivars. This was confirmed in F3 families of Flame x Longbow, which were either homozygous resistant, homozygous susceptible, or segregating in tests with IPO323 but were uniformly susceptible to another isolate, IPO94269. None of 100 F2 progeny of Flame x Hereward were susceptible to IPO323, indicating that the resistance genes in these two cultivars are the same, closely linked, or allelic. The resistance gene in cv. Flame was mapped to the short arm of chromosome 3A using microsatellite markers and was named Stb6. Fifty-nine progeny of a cross between IPO323 and IPO94269 were used in complementary genetic analysis of the pathogen to test a gene-for-gene relationship between Stb6 and the avirulence gene in IPO323. Avirulence to cvs. Flame, Hereward, Shafir, Bezostaya 1, and Vivant and the breeding line NSL92-5719 cosegregated, and the ratio of virulent to avirulent was close to 1:1, suggesting that these wheat lines may all recognize the same avirulence gene and may all have Stb6. Together, these data provide the first demonstration that isolate-specific resistance of wheat to Septoria tritici blotch follows a gene-for-gene relationship.

Biology and distribution of Lutzomyia apache as it relates to VSV

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Phlebotomine sand flies are vectors of bacteria, parasites, and viruses. Lutzomyia apache was incriminated as a vector of vesicular stomatitis viruses(VSV)due to overlapping ranges of the sand fly and outbreaks of VSV. I report on newly discovered populations of L. apache in Wyoming from Albany and ...

78 FR 11677 - Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Apache-Sitgreaves...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-19

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR National Park Service [NPS-WASO-NAGPRA-12186; 2200-1100-665] Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Apache-Sitgreaves National Forests.... ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service, Apache-Sitgreaves...

75 FR 57290 - Notice of Inventory Completion: University of Colorado Museum, Boulder, CO

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-20

...; Winnemucca Indian Colony of Nevada; Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona... of Oklahoma; Susanville Indian Rancheria, California; and Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde...; Winnemucca Indian Colony of Nevada; Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona...

KinderApache Song and Dance Project.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shanklin, M. Trevor; Paciotto, Carla; Prater, Greg

This paper describes activities and evaluation of the KinderApache Song and Dance Project, piloted in a kindergarten class in Cedar Creek (Arizona) on the White Mountain Apache Reservation. Introducing Native-language song and dance in kindergarten could help foster a sense of community and cultural pride and greater awareness of traditional…

75 FR 68607 - BP Canada Energy Marketing Corp. Apache Corporation; Notice for Temporary Waivers

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-08

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. RP11-1479-000] BP Canada Energy Marketing Corp. Apache Corporation; Notice for Temporary Waivers November 1, 2010. Take notice that on October 29, 2010, BP Canada Energy Marketing Corp. and Apache Corporation filed with the...

Escape from Albuquerque: An Apache Memorate.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greenfeld, Philip J.

2001-01-01

Clarence Hawkins, a White Mountain Apache, escaped from the Albuquerque Indian School around 1920. His 300-mile trip home, made with two other boys, exemplifies the reaction of many Indian youths to the American government's plans for cultural assimilation. The tale is told in the form of traditional Apache narrative. (TD)

Red Son Rising.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arnold, Adele R.

Among the Native Americans, few tribes were as warlike as the Apaches of the Southwest. The courage and ferocity of Apache warriors like Geronimo, Cochise, Victorio, and Mangas Coloradas is legendary. Based on a true story, this book is about an Apache boy who was captured by an enemy tribe and sold to a white man. Carlos Gentile, a photographer…

77 FR 59651 - Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Wupatki...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-28

... Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Prescott... Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian... Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Prescott Tribe of the Yavapai Reservation, Arizona; and...

77 FR 59655 - Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Walnut...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-28

... Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Prescott... of the Fort Apache Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation... Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Prescott Tribe of the Yavapai Reservation, Arizona; and...

77 FR 59657 - Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Walnut...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-28

... Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Prescott...; Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona; and Yavapai-Prescott Tribe of the... Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Prescott...

Go-Gii-Ya [A Jicarilla Apache Religious Celebration].

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pesata, Levi; And Others

Developed by utilizing only Jicarilla Apache people as resources to preserve the authenticity of the material and information, this booklet presents information on the Jicarilla Apache celebration of "Go-gii-ya". "Go-gii-ya" is a religious feast and ceremony held annually over a three-day period which climaxes on the fifteenth…

Evidence of sexually dimorphic introgression in Pinaleno Mountain Apache trout

USGS Publications Warehouse

Porath, M.T.; Nielsen, J.L.

2003-01-01

The high-elevation headwater streams of the Pinaleno Mountains support small populations of threatened Apache trout Oncorhynchus apache that were stocked following the chemical removal of nonnative salmonids in the 1960s. A fisheries survey to assess population composition, growth, and size structure confirmed angler reports of infrequent occurrences of Oncorhynchus spp. exhibiting the external morphological characteristics of both Apache trout and rainbow trout O. mykiss. Nonlethal tissue samples were collected from 50 individuals in the headwaters of each stream. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing and amplification of nuclear microsatellite loci were used to determine the levels of genetic introgression by rainbow trout in Apache trout populations at these locations. Sexually dimorphic introgression from the spawning of male rainbow trout with female Apache trout was detected using mtDNA and microsatellites. Estimates of the degree of hybridization based on three microsatellite loci were 10-88%. The use of nonlethal DNA genetic analyses can supplement information obtained from standard survey methods and be useful in assessing the relative importance of small and sensitive populations with a history of nonnative introductions.

The Apache OODT Project: An Introduction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mattmann, C. A.; Crichton, D. J.; Hughes, J. S.; Ramirez, P.; Goodale, C. E.; Hart, A. F.

2012-12-01

Apache OODT is a science data system framework, borne over the past decade, with 100s of FTEs of investment, tens of sponsoring agencies (NASA, NIH/NCI, DoD, NSF, universities, etc.), and hundreds of projects and science missions that it powers everyday to their success. At its core, Apache OODT carries with it two fundamental classes of software services and components: those that deal with information integration from existing science data repositories and archives, that themselves have already-in-use business processes and models for populating those archives. Information integration allows search, retrieval, and dissemination across these heterogeneous systems, and ultimately rapid, interactive data access, and retrieval. The other suite of services and components within Apache OODT handle population and processing of those data repositories and archives. Workflows, resource management, crawling, remote data retrieval, curation and ingestion, along with science data algorithm integration all are part of these Apache OODT software elements. In this talk, I will provide an overview of the use of Apache OODT to unlock and populate information from science data repositories and archives. We'll cover the basics, along with some advanced use cases and success stories.

Determination of habitat requirements for Apache Trout

USGS Publications Warehouse

Petre, Sally J.; Bonar, Scott A.

2017-01-01

The Apache Trout Oncorhynchus apache, a salmonid endemic to east-central Arizona, is currently listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Establishing and maintaining recovery streams for Apache Trout and other endemic species requires determination of their specific habitat requirements. We built upon previous studies of Apache Trout habitat by defining both stream-specific and generalized optimal and suitable ranges of habitat criteria in three streams located in the White Mountains of Arizona. Habitat criteria were measured at the time thought to be most limiting to juvenile and adult life stages, the summer base flow period. Based on the combined results from three streams, we found that Apache Trout use relatively deep (optimal range = 0.15–0.32 m; suitable range = 0.032–0.470 m) pools with slow stream velocities (suitable range = 0.00–0.22 m/s), gravel or smaller substrate (suitable range = 0.13–2.0 [Wentworth scale]), overhead cover (suitable range = 26–88%), and instream cover (large woody debris and undercut banks were occupied at higher rates than other instream cover types). Fish were captured at cool to moderate temperatures (suitable range = 10.4–21.1°C) in streams with relatively low maximum seasonal temperatures (optimal range = 20.1–22.9°C; suitable range = 17.1–25.9°C). Multiple logistic regression generally confirmed the importance of these variables for predicting the presence of Apache Trout. All measured variables except mean velocity were significant predictors in our model. Understanding habitat needs is necessary in managing for persistence, recolonization, and recruitment of Apache Trout. Management strategies such as fencing areas to restrict ungulate use and grazing and planting native riparian vegetation might favor Apache Trout persistence and recolonization by providing overhead cover and large woody debris to form pools and instream cover, shading streams and lowering temperatures.

A Photographic Essay of Apache Chiefs and Warriors, Volume 2-Part B.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barkan, Gerald; Jacobs, Ben

As part of a series designed for instruction of American Indian children and youth, this resource guide constitutes a pictorial essay describing forts, Indian agents, and Apache chiefs, warriors, and scouts of the 19th century. Accompanying each picture is a brief historical-biographical narrative. Focus is on Apache resistance to the reservation.…

Preliminary Assessment of Apache Hopefulness: Relationships with Hopelessness and with Collective as well as Personal Self-Esteem

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hammond, Vanessa Lea; Watson, P. J.; O'Leary, Brian J.; Cothran, D. Lisa

2009-01-01

Hopelessness is central to prominent mental health problems within American Indian (AI) communities. Apaches living on a reservation in Arizona responded to diverse expressions of hope along with Hopelessness, Personal Self-Esteem, and Collective Self-Esteem scales. An Apache Hopefulness Scale expressed five themes of hope and correlated…

Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in an American Indian Reservation Community: Results from the White Mountain Apache Surveillance System, 2007-2008

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cwik, Mary F.; Barlow, Allison; Tingey, Lauren; Larzelere-Hinton, Francene; Goklish, Novalene; Walkup, John T.

2011-01-01

Objective: To describe characteristics and correlates of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) among the White Mountain Apache Tribe. NSSI has not been studied before in American Indian samples despite associated risks for suicide, which disproportionately affect American Indian youth. Method: Apache case managers collected data through a tribally…

Validation of the Sepsis Severity Score Compared with Updated Severity Scores in Predicting Hospital Mortality in Sepsis Patients.

PubMed

Khwannimit, Bodin; Bhurayanontachai, Rungsun; Vattanavanit, Veerapong

2017-06-01

Recently, the Sepsis Severity Score (SSS) was constructed to predict mortality in sepsis patients. The aim of this study was to compare performance of the SSS with the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II-IV, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II, and SAPS 3 scores in predicting hospital outcome in sepsis patients. A retroprospective analysis was conducted in the medical intensive care unit of a tertiary university hospital. A total of 913 patients were enrolled; 476 of these patients (52.1%) had septic shock. The median SSS was 80 (range 20-137). The SSS presented good discrimination with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.892. However, the AUC of the SSS did not differ significantly from that of APACHE II (P = 0.07), SAPS II (P = 0.06), and SAPS 3 (P = 0.11). The APACHE IV score showed the best discrimination with an AUC of 0.948 and the overall performance by a Brier score of 0.096. The AUC of the APACHE IV score was statistically greater than the SSS, APACHE II, SAPS II, and SAPS 3 (P <0.0001 for all) and APACHE III (P = 0.0002). The calibration of all scores was poor with the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit H test <0.05. The SSS provided as good discrimination as the APACHE II, SAPS II, and SAPS 3 scores. However, the APACHE IV score had the best discrimination and overall performance in our sepsis patients. The SSS needs to be adapted and modified with new parameters to improve its performance.

Helmet-Mounted Display Design Guide

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Newman, Richard L.; Greeley, Kevin W.

1997-01-01

Helmet Mounted Displays (HMDs) present flight, navigation, and weapon information in the pilot's line of sight. The HMD was developed to allow the pilot to retain aircraft and weapon information while looking off boresight. This document reviews current state of the art in HMDs and presents a design guide for the HMD engineer in identifying several critical HMD issues: symbol stabilization, inadequate definitions, undefined symbol drive laws, helmet considerations, and Field Of View (FOV) vs. resolution tradeoff requirements. In particular, display latency is a key issue for HMDs. In addition to requiring further experimental studies, it impacts the definition and control law issues. Symbol stabilization is also critical. In the case of the Apache helicopter, the lack of compensation for pilot head motion creates excessive workload during hovering and Nap Of the Earth (NOE) flight. This translates into excessive training requirements. There is no agreed upon set of definitions or descriptions for how HMD symbols are driven to compensate for pilot head motion. A set of definitions is proposed to address this. There are several specific areas where simulation and flight experiments are needed: development of hover and NOE symbologies which compensate for pilot head movement; display latency and sampling, and the tradeoff between FOV, sensor resolution and symbology.

A Review of Engine Seal Performance and Requirements for Current and Future Army Engine Platforms

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Delgado, Irebert R.; Proctor, Margaret P.

2008-01-01

Sand ingestion continues to impact combat ground and air vehicles in military operations in the Middle East. The T-700 engine used in Apache and Blackhawk helicopters has been subjected to increased overhauls due to sand and dust ingestion during desert operations. Engine component wear includes compressor and turbine blades/vanes resulting in decreased engine power and efficiency. Engine labyrinth seals have also been subjected to sand and dust erosion resulting in tooth tip wear, increased clearances, and loss in efficiency. For the current investigation, a brief overview is given of the history of the T-700 engine development with respect to sand and dust ingestion requirements. The operational condition of labyrinth seals taken out of service from 4 different locations of the T-700 engine during engine overhauls are examined. Collaborative efforts between the Army and NASA to improve turbine engine seal leakage and life capability are currently focused on noncontacting, low leakage, compliant designs. These new concepts should be evaluated for their tolerance to sand laden air. Future R&D efforts to improve seal erosion resistance and operation in desert environments are recommended

The White Mountain Apache Child Protection Service Training Curriculum. Nohwii Chaghashe Baa da gontzaa (Protect Our Apache Children).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gonzalez-Santin, Edwin, Comp.

This curriculum manual provides 8 days of training for child protective services (CPS) personnel (social workers and administrators) working in the White Mountain Apache tribal community. Each of the first seven units in the manual contains a brief description of contents, course objectives, time required, key concepts, possible discussion topics,…

The Roles of Literacy and Collaboration in Documenting Native American Languages: A Report from the Jicarilla Apache Dictionary Project.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Axelrod, Melissa; de Garcia, Jule Gomez; Lachler, Jordan

2003-01-01

Reports on the progress of a project to produce a dictionary of the Jicarilla Apache language. Jicarilla, an Eastern Apachean language is spoken on the Jicarilla Apache reservation in Northern New Mexico. The project has revealed much about the role of literacy in language standardization and in speaker empowerment. Suggests that many parallels…

A Photographic Essay of Apache Children in Early Times, Volume 2-Part C.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Doris; Jacobs, Ben

As part of a series of guides designed for instruction of American Indian children and youth, this resource guide constitutes a pictorial essay on life of the Apache child from 1880 to the early 20th century. Each of the 12 photographs is accompanied by an historical narrative which describes one or more cultural aspects of Apache childhood.…

Prediction of heart disease using apache spark analysing decision trees and gradient boosting algorithm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chugh, Saryu; Arivu Selvan, K.; Nadesh, RK

2017-11-01

Numerous destructive things influence the working arrangement of human body as hypertension, smoking, obesity, inappropriate medication taking which causes many contrasting diseases as diabetes, thyroid, strokes and coronary diseases. The impermanence and horribleness of the environment situation is also the reason for the coronary disease. The structure of Apache start relies on the evolution which requires gathering of the data. To break down the significance of use programming focused on data structure the Apache stop ought to be utilized and it gives various central focuses as it is fast in light as it uses memory worked in preparing. Apache Spark continues running on dispersed environment and chops down the data in bunches giving a high profitability rate. Utilizing mining procedure as a part of the determination of coronary disease has been exhaustively examined indicating worthy levels of precision. Decision trees, Neural Network, Gradient Boosting Algorithm are the various apache spark proficiencies which help in collecting the information.

Geronimo's Kids: A Teacher's Lessons on the Apache Reservation. Elma Dill Russell Spencer Series in the West and Southwest, No. 16.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ove, Robert S.; Stockel, H. Henrietta

In 1948, a young and naive Robert Ove arrived at Whitetail, on the Mescalero Apache Reservation, to teach at the Bureau of Indian Affairs day school. Living there were the Chiricahua Apaches--descendants of Geronimo and the survivors of nearly 30 years of incarceration by the U.S. government. With help from Indian historian H. Henrietta Stockel,…

Use of the APACHE II score to assess impact of therapeutic plasma exchange for critically ill patients with hypertriglyceride-induced pancreatitis.

PubMed

Nakhoda, Shazia; Zimrin, Ann B; Baer, Maria R; Law, Jennie Y

2017-04-01

Hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) pancreatitis carries significant morbidity and mortality and often requires intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) rapidly lowers serum triglyceride (TG) levels. However, evidence supporting TPE for HTG pancreatitis is lacking. Ten patients admitted to the ICU for HTG pancreatitis underwent TPE at our institution from 2005-2015. We retrospectively calculated the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Examination II (APACHE II) score at the time of initial TPE and again after the final TPE session to assess the impact of triglyceride apheresis on morbidity and mortality associated with HTG pancreatitis. All 10 patients had rapid reduction in TG level after TPE, but only 5 had improvement in their APACHE II score. The median APACHE II score decreased from 19% to 17% after TPE, correlating with an 8% and 9% decrease in median predicted non-operative and post-operative mortality, respectively. The APACHE II score did not differ statistically before and after TPE implementation in our patient group (p=0.39). TPE is a clinically useful tool to rapidly lower TG levels, but its impact on mortality of HTG pancreatitis as assessed by the APACHE II score remains uncertain. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Use of APACHE II and SAPS II to predict mortality for hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke patients.

PubMed

Moon, Byeong Hoo; Park, Sang Kyu; Jang, Dong Kyu; Jang, Kyoung Sool; Kim, Jong Tae; Han, Yong Min

2015-01-01

We studied the applicability of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with acute stroke and compared the results with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). We also conducted a comparative study of accuracy for predicting hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke mortality. Between January 2011 and December 2012, ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke patients admitted to the ICU were included in the study. APACHE II and SAPS II-predicted mortalities were compared using a calibration curve, the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the results were compared with the GCS and NIHSS. Overall 498 patients were included in this study. The observed mortality was 26.3%, whereas APACHE II and SAPS II-predicted mortalities were 35.12% and 35.34%, respectively. The mean GCS and NIHSS scores were 9.43 and 21.63, respectively. The calibration curve was close to the line of perfect prediction. The ROC curve showed a slightly better prediction of mortality for APACHE II in hemorrhagic stroke patients and SAPS II in ischemic stroke patients. The GCS and NIHSS were inferior in predicting mortality in both patient groups. Although both the APACHE II and SAPS II systems can be used to measure performance in the neurosurgical ICU setting, the accuracy of APACHE II in hemorrhagic stroke patients and SAPS II in ischemic stroke patients was superior. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Increasing reliability of APACHE II scores in a medical-surgical intensive care unit: a quality improvement study.

PubMed

Donahoe, Laura; McDonald, Ellen; Kho, Michelle E; Maclennan, Margaret; Stratford, Paul W; Cook, Deborah J

2009-01-01

Given their clinical, research, and administrative purposes, scores on the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II should be reliable, whether calculated by health care personnel or a clinical information system. To determine reliability of APACHE II scores calculated by a clinical information system and by health care personnel before and after a multifaceted quality improvement intervention. APACHE II scores of 37 consecutive patients admitted to a closed, 15-bed, university-affiliated intensive care unit were collected by a research coordinator, a database clerk, and a clinical information system. After a quality improvement intervention focused on health care personnel and the clinical information system, the same methods were used to collect data on 32 consecutive patients. The research coordinator and the clerk did not know each other's scores or the information system's score. The data analyst did not know the source of the scores until analysis was complete. APACHE II scores obtained by the clerk and the research coordinator were highly reliable (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.88 before vs 0.80 after intervention; P = .25). No significant changes were detected after the intervention; however, compared with scores of the research coordinator, the overall reliability of APACHE II scores calculated by the clinical information system improved (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.24 before intervention vs 0.91 after intervention, P < .001). After completion of a quality improvement intervention, health care personnel and a computerized clinical information system calculated sufficiently reliable APACHE II scores for clinical, research, and administrative purposes.

Performance of the score systems Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and III at an interdisciplinary intensive care unit, after customization

PubMed Central

Markgraf, Rainer; Deutschinoff, Gerd; Pientka, Ludger; Scholten, Theo; Lorenz, Cristoph

2001-01-01

Background: Mortality predictions calculated using scoring scales are often not accurate in populations other than those in which the scales were developed because of differences in case-mix. The present study investigates the effect of first-level customization, using a logistic regression technique, on discrimination and calibration of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II and III scales. Method: Probabilities of hospital death for patients were estimated by applying APACHE II and III and comparing these with observed outcomes. Using the split sample technique, a customized model to predict outcome was developed by logistic regression. The overall goodness-of-fit of the original and the customized models was assessed. Results: Of 3383 consecutive intensive care unit (ICU) admissions over 3 years, 2795 patients could be analyzed, and were split randomly into development and validation samples. The discriminative powers of APACHE II and III were unchanged by customization (areas under the receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve 0.82 and 0.85, respectively). Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit tests showed good calibration for APACHE II, but insufficient calibration for APACHE III. Customization improved calibration for both models, with a good fit for APACHE III as well. However, fit was different for various subgroups. Conclusions: The overall goodness-of-fit of APACHE III mortality prediction was improved significantly by customization, but uniformity of fit in different subgroups was not achieved. Therefore, application of the customized model provides no advantage, because differences in case-mix still limit comparisons of quality of care. PMID:11178223

Observations of the larval stages of Diceroprocta apache Davis (Homoptera: Tibicinidae)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ellingson, A.R.; Andersen, D.C.; Kondratieff, B.C.

2002-01-01

Diceroprocta apache Davis is a locally abundant cicada in the riparian woodlands of the southwestern United States. While its ecological importance has often been hypothesized, very little is known of its specific life history. This paper presents preliminary information on life history of D. apache from larvae collected in the field at seasonal intervals as well as a smaller number of reared specimens. Morphological development of the fore-femoral comb closely parallels growth through distinct size classes. The data indicate the presence of five larval instars in D. apache. Development times from greenhouse-reared specimens suggest a 3-4 year life span and overlapping broods were present in the field. Sex ratios among pre-emergent larvae suggest the asynchronous emergence of sexes.

Growth and survival of Apache Trout under static and fluctuating temperature regimes

USGS Publications Warehouse

Recsetar, Matthew S.; Bonar, Scott A.; Feuerbacher, Olin

2014-01-01

Increasing stream temperatures have important implications for arid-region fishes. Little is known about effects of high water temperatures that fluctuate over extended periods on Apache Trout Oncorhynchus gilae apache, a federally threatened species of southwestern USA streams. We compared survival and growth of juvenile Apache Trout held for 30 d in static temperatures (16, 19, 22, 25, and 28°C) and fluctuating diel temperatures (±3°C from 16, 19, 22 and 25°C midpoints and ±6°C from 19°C and 22°C midpoints). Lethal temperature for 50% (LT50) of the Apache Trout under static temperatures (mean [SD] = 22.8 [0.6]°C) was similar to that of ±3°C diel temperature fluctuations (23.1 [0.1]°C). Mean LT50 for the midpoint of the ±6°C fluctuations could not be calculated because survival in the two treatments (19 ± 6°C and 22 ± 6°C) was not below 50%; however, it probably was also between 22°C and 25°C because the upper limb of a ±6°C fluctuation on a 25°C midpoint is above critical thermal maximum for Apache Trout (28.5–30.4°C). Growth decreased as temperatures approached the LT50. Apache Trout can survive short-term exposure to water temperatures with daily maxima that remain below 25°C and midpoint diel temperatures below 22°C. However, median summer stream temperatures must remain below 19°C for best growth and even lower if daily fluctuations are high (≥12°C).

Simulator Investigation of Pilot Aids for Helicopter Terminal Area Operations with One Engine Inoperative

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Iseler, Laura; Chen, Robert; Dearing, Munro; Decker, William; Aiken, Edwin W. (Technical Monitor)

1995-01-01

Two recent piloted simulation experiments have investigated advanced display concepts applied to civil transport helicopter terminal area operations. Civil Category A helicopter operations apply to multi-engine helicopters wherein a safe recovery (land or fly out) is required in the event of a single engine failure. The investigation used the NASA Ames Research Center Vertical Motion Simulator, which has a full six degrees of freedom, to simulate the flight task as closely as possible. The goal of these experiments was to use advanced cockpit displays to improve flight safety and enhance the mission performance of Category A terminal area operations in confined areas. The first experiment investigated the use of military display formats to assist civil rotorcraft in performing a Category A takeoff in confined terminal areas. Specifically, it addressed how well a difficult hovering backup path could be followed using conventional instruments in comparison to panel mounted integrated displays. The hovering backup takeoff, which enables pilots to land back to the confined area pad in the event of an engine failure, was chosen since it is a difficult task to perform. Seven NASA and Army test pilots participated in the experiment. Evaluations, based on task performance and pilot workload, showed that an integrated display enabled the pilot to consistently achieve adequate or desired performance with reasonable pilot workload. Use of conventional instruments, however, frequently resulted in unacceptable performance (poor flight path tracking), higher pilot workload, and poor situational awareness. Although OEI landbacks were considered a visual task, the improved performance on the backup portion, in conjunction with increased situational awareness resulting from use of integrated displays, enabled the pilots to handle an engine failure and land back safely. In contrast, use of conventional instruments frequently led to excessive rates of sink at touchdown. A second simulation (in progress - July - August) is being conducted to investigate the use of advanced displays to perform vertical and short takeoffs and landings. One Engine Inoperative trajectories, which were optimized based on safety of flight restrictions, are utilized. Based on comments from the first experiment and further analytic development, appropriate fly out and approach guidance was added. Displays include conventional instruments with raw data, and the following integrated displays: multi-view and side-view hover displays based on the Apache Pilot Night Vision System, and variations of the pathway-in-the-sky displays with a flight-path-vector, a leader and flight director modifications. Panel mounted and head-up displays are being evaluated. Engine modifications have been incorporated to simulate 30 second and 2 minute contingency power ratings. Evaluations are based on task performance and pilot workload. NASA, Army, FAA, and industry test pilots participated. Details concerning the design, conduct, and the results of the experiment will be reported in the proposed paper.

Final Environmental Assessment for the Defensive Training Initiative, Cannon Air Force Base, New Mexico

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-09-01

100 miles southwest of Melrose AFR near Ruidoso , New Mexico. The Jicarilla Apache Reservation is 195 miles northwest of the range. The Comanche Tribe...of the MOAs near Ruidoso , New Mexico. The Jicarilla Apache Reservation is about 150 miles northwest of the MOAs; and the Comanche Reservation is in...and Comanche. The Mescalero Apache Reservation is located approximately 25 miles south of VRs-100/125 near Ruidoso , New Mexico. The Jicarilla

Admission Cell Free DNA Levels Predict 28-Day Mortality in Patients with Severe Sepsis in Intensive Care

PubMed Central

Almog, Yaniv; Perl, Yael; Novack, Victor; Galante, Ori; Klein, Moti; Pencina, Michael J.; Douvdevani, Amos

2014-01-01

Aim The aim of the current study is to assess the mortality prediction accuracy of circulating cell-free DNA (CFD) level at admission measured by a new simplified method. Materials and Methods CFD levels were measured by a direct fluorescence assay in severe sepsis patients on intensive care unit (ICU) admission. In-hospital and/or twenty eight day all-cause mortality was the primary outcome. Results Out of 108 patients with median APACHE II of 20, 32.4% have died in hospital/or at 28-day. CFD levels were higher in decedents: median 3469.0 vs. 1659 ng/ml, p<0.001. In multivariable model APACHE II score and CFD (quartiles) were significantly associated with the mortality: odds ratio of 1.05, p = 0.049 and 2.57, p<0.001 per quartile respectively. C-statistics for the models was 0.79 for CFD and 0.68 for APACHE II. Integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) analyses showed that CFD and CFD+APACHE II score models had better discriminatory ability than APACHE II score alone. Conclusions CFD level assessed by a new, simple fluorometric-assay is an accurate predictor of acute mortality among ICU patients with severe sepsis. Comparison of CFD to APACHE II score and Procalcitonin (PCT), suggests that CFD has the potential to improve clinical decision making. PMID:24955978

Prognostic scales ISS-RTS-TRISS, PRISM, APACHE II and PTS in decision support of treatment children with severe mechanical trauma.

PubMed

Vasilyeva, I V; Shvirev, S L; Arseniev, S B; Zarubina, T V

2013-01-01

The aim of the present study is to assess a possibility and validity of prognostic scales ISS-RTS-TRISS, PRISM, APACHE II and PTS to be used for the automated calculation in decision support when treating children with severe mechanical traumas. The mentioned scales are used in the Hospital Information System (HIS) MEDIALOG. The retrospective study was conducted using clinical and physiological data collected at the admission and during the first 24 hours of hospitalization in 166 patients. Scales PRISM, APACHE II, ISS-RTS-TRISS were used for calculating the severity of injury and for prognosis in death outcomes. Scale PTS was used for evaluating the severity index only. Our research has shown that ISS-RTS-TRISS has excellent discrimination ability, PRISM and APACHE II prognostic scales have acceptable discrimination ability; moreover, they all have significant calibration ability. PTS scale has acceptable discrimination ability. It has been showed that automated calculation scales ISS-RTS-TRISS, PRISM, APACHE II and PTS are useful for assessing outcomes in children with severe mechanical trauma.

AI based HealthCare Platform for Real Time, Predictive and Prescriptive Analytics using Reactive Programming

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaur, Jagreet; Singh Mann, Kulwinder, Dr.

2018-01-01

AI in Healthcare needed to bring real, actionable insights and Individualized insights in real time for patients and Doctors to support treatment decisions., We need a Patient Centred Platform for integrating EHR Data, Patient Data, Prescriptions, Monitoring, Clinical research and Data. This paper proposes a generic architecture for enabling AI based healthcare analytics Platform by using open sources Technologies Apache beam, Apache Flink Apache Spark, Apache NiFi, Kafka, Tachyon, Gluster FS, NoSQL- Elasticsearch, Cassandra. This paper will show the importance of applying AI based predictive and prescriptive analytics techniques in Health sector. The system will be able to extract useful knowledge that helps in decision making and medical monitoring in real-time through an intelligent process analysis and big data processing.

T-Check in Technologies for Interoperability: Web Services and Security--Single Sign-On

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-12-01

following tools: • Apache Tomcat 6.0—a Java Servlet container to host the Web services and a simple Web client application [Apache 2007a] • Apache Axis...Eclipse. Eclipse – an open development platform. http://www.eclipse.org/ (2007) [Hunter 2001] Hunter, Jason. Java Servlet Programming, 2nd Edition...Citation SAML 1.1 Java Toolkit SAML Ping Identity’s SAML-1.1 implementation [SourceID 2006] OpenSAML SAML An open source implementation of SAML 1.1

Apache sharply expands western Egypt acreage position

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1997-02-10

Apache Corp. became Egypt`s second largest acreage holder with acquisition of Mobil Corp.`s nonoperating interests in three western desert exploration concessions covering a combined 7.7 million gross acres. Apache assumed a 50% contractor interest in the Repsol SA operated East Bahariya concession, a 33% contractor interest in the Repsol operated West Mediterranean Block 1 concession, and a 24% contractor interest in the Royal Dutch/Shell operated Northeast Abu Gharadig concession. The concessions carry a total drilling obligation of 11 wells the next 3 years.

78 FR 80385 - Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Taking Marine Mammals Incidental to...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-31

...NMFS received an application from Apache Alaska Corporation (Apache) for an Incidental Harassment Authorization (IHA) to take marine mammals, by harassment, incidental to a proposed 3D seismic survey in Cook Inlet, Alaska, between March 1, 2014, and December 31, 2014. Pursuant to the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), NMFS requests comments on its proposal to issue an IHA to Apache to take, by Level B harassment only, five species of marine mammals during the specified activity.

Develop, Build, and Test a Virtual Lab to Support a Vulnerability Training System

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-09-01

docs.us.dell.com/support/edocs/systems/pe1650/ en /it/index.htm> (20 August 2004) “HOWTO: Installing Web Services with Linux /Tomcat/Apache/Struts...configured as host machines with VMware and VNC running on a Linux RedHat 9 Kernel. An Apache-Tomcat web server was configured as the external interface to...1650, dual processor, blade servers were configured as host machines with VMware and VNC running on a Linux RedHat 9 Kernel. An Apache-Tomcat web

The Apache Point Observatory Lunar Laser-ranging Operation: Instrument Description and First Detections

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Murphy, TW; Adelberger, Eric G.; Battat, J.

2008-01-01

A next-generation lunar laser ranging apparatus using the 3.5 m telescope at the Apache Point Observatory in southern New Mexico has begun science operation. APOLLO (the Apache Point Observatory Lunar Laser-ranging Operation) has achieved one-millimeter range precision to the moon which should lead to aproximately one-orderof-magnitude improvements in the precision of several tests of fundamental properties of gravity. We briefly motivate the scientific goals, and then give a detailed discussion of the APOLLO instrumentation.

A Tour of Big Data, Open Source Data Management Technologies from the Apache Software Foundation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mattmann, C. A.

2012-12-01

The Apache Software Foundation, a non-profit foundation charged with dissemination of open source software for the public good, provides a suite of data management technologies for distributed archiving, data ingestion, data dissemination, processing, triage and a host of other functionalities that are becoming critical in the Big Data regime. Apache is the world's largest open source software organization, boasting over 3000 developers from around the world all contributing to some of the most pervasive technologies in use today, from the HTTPD web server that powers a majority of Internet web sites to the Hadoop technology that is now projected at over a $1B dollar industry. Apache data management technologies are emerging as de facto off-the-shelf components for searching, distributing, processing and archiving key science data sets both geophysical, space and planetary based, all the way to biomedicine. In this talk, I will give a virtual tour of the Apache Software Foundation, its meritocracy and governance structure, and also its key big data technologies that organizations can take advantage of today and use to save cost, schedule, and resources in implementing their Big Data needs. I'll illustrate the Apache technologies in the context of several national priority projects, including the U.S. National Climate Assessment (NCA), and in the International Square Kilometre Array (SKA) project that are stretching the boundaries of volume, velocity, complexity, and other key Big Data dimensions.

Visual field information in Nap-of-the-Earth flight by teleoperated Helmet-Mounted displays

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Grunwald, Arthur J.; Kohn, S.; Merhav, S. J.

1991-01-01

The human ability to derive Control-Oriented Visual Field Information from teleoperated Helmet-Mounted displays in Nap-of-the-Earth flight, is investigated. The visual field with these types of displays originates from a Forward Looking Infrared Radiation Camera, gimbal-mounted at the front of the aircraft and slaved to the pilot's line-of-sight, to obtain wide-angle visual coverage. Although these displays are proved to be effective in Apache and Cobra helicopter night operations, they demand very high pilot proficiency and work load. Experimental work presented in the paper has shown that part of the difficulties encountered in vehicular control by means of these displays can be attributed to the narrow viewing aperture and head/camera slaving system phase lags. Both these shortcomings will impair visuo-vestibular coordination, when voluntary head rotation is present. This might result in errors in estimating the Control-Oriented Visual Field Information vital in vehicular control, such as the vehicle yaw rate or the anticipated flight path, or might even lead to visuo-vestibular conflicts (motion sickness). Since, under these conditions, the pilot will tend to minimize head rotation, the full wide-angle coverage of the Helmet-Mounted Display, provided by the line-of-sight slaving system, is not always fully utilized.

Mortality in Code Blue; can APACHE II and PRISM scores be used as markers for prognostication?

PubMed

Bakan, Nurten; Karaören, Gülşah; Tomruk, Şenay Göksu; Keskin Kayalar, Sinem

2018-03-01

Code blue (CB) is an emergency call system developed to respond to cardiac and respiratory arrest in hospitals. However, in literature, no scoring system has been reported that can predict mortality in CB procedures. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of estimated APACHE II and PRISM scores in the prediction of mortality in patients assessed using CB to retrospectively analyze CB calls. We retrospectively examined 1195 patients who were evaluated by the CB team at our hospital between 2009 and 2013. The demographic data of the patients, diagnosis and relevant de-partments, reasons for CB, cardiopulmonary resuscitation duration, mortality calculated from the APACHE II and PRISM scores, and the actual mortality rates were retrospectively record-ed from CB notification forms and the hospital database. In all age groups, there was a significant difference between actual mortality rate and the expected mortality rate as estimated using APACHE II and PRISM scores in CB calls (p<0.05). The actual mortality rate was significantly lower than the expected mortality. APACHE and PRISM scores with the available parameters will not help predict mortality in CB procedures. Therefore, novels scoring systems using different parameters are needed.

Are cicadas (Diceroprocta apache) both a "keystone" and a "critical-link" species in lower Colorado River riparian communities?

USGS Publications Warehouse

Andersen, Douglas C.

1994-01-01

Apache cicada (Homoptera: Cicadidae: Diceroprocta apache Davis) densities were estimated to be 10 individuals/m2 within a closed-canopy stand of Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii) and Goodding willow (Salix gooddingii) in a revegetated site adjacent to the Colorado River near Parker, Arizona. Coupled with data drawn from the literature, I estimate that up to 1.3 cm (13 1/m2) of water may be added to the upper soil layers annually through the feeding activities of cicada nymphs. This is equivalent to 12% of the annual precipitation received in the study area. Apache cicadas may have significant effects on ecosystem functioning via effects on water transport and thus act as a critical-link species in this southwest desert riverine ecosystem. Cicadas emerged later within the cottonwood-willow stand than in relatively open saltcedar-mesquite stands; this difference in temporal dynamics would affect their availability to several insectivorous bird species and may help explain the birds' recent declines. Resource managers in this region should be sensitive to the multiple and strong effects that Apache cicadas may have on ecosystem structure and functioning.

Predictive Value of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score for Mortality in a Contemporary Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Population.

PubMed

Jentzer, Jacob C; Bennett, Courtney; Wiley, Brandon M; Murphree, Dennis H; Keegan, Mark T; Gajic, Ognjen; Wright, R Scott; Barsness, Gregory W

2018-03-10

Optimal methods of mortality risk stratification in patients in the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) remain uncertain. We evaluated the ability of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score to predict mortality in a large cohort of unselected patients in the CICU. Adult patients admitted to the CICU from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2015, at a single tertiary care hospital were retrospectively reviewed. SOFA scores were calculated daily, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE)-III and APACHE-IV scores were calculated on CICU day 1. Discrimination of hospital mortality was assessed using area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve values. We included 9961 patients, with a mean age of 67.5±15.2 years; all-cause hospital mortality was 9.0%. Day 1 SOFA score predicted hospital mortality, with an area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve value of 0.83; area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve values were similar for the APACHE-III score, and APACHE-IV predicted mortality ( P >0.05). Mean and maximum SOFA scores over multiple CICU days had greater discrimination for hospital mortality ( P <0.01). Patients with an increasing SOFA score from day 1 and day 2 had higher mortality. Patients with day 1 SOFA score <2 were at low risk of mortality. Increasing tertiles of day 1 SOFA score predicted higher long-term mortality ( P <0.001 by log-rank test). The day 1 SOFA score has good discrimination for short-term mortality in unselected patients in the CICU, which is comparable to APACHE-III and APACHE-IV. Advantages of the SOFA score over APACHE include simplicity, improved discrimination using serial scores, and prediction of long-term mortality. © 2018 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.

PDS4: Harnessing the Power of Generate and Apache Velocity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Padams, J.; Cayanan, M.; Hardman, S.

2018-04-01

The PDS4 Generate Tool is a Java-based command-line tool developed by the Cartography and Imaging Sciences Nodes (PDSIMG) for generating PDS4 XML labels, from Apache Velocity templates and input metadata.

An External Independent Validation of APACHE IV in a Malaysian Intensive Care Unit.

PubMed

Wong, Rowena S Y; Ismail, Noor Azina; Tan, Cheng Cheng

2015-04-01

Intensive care unit (ICU) prognostic models are predominantly used in more developed nations such as the United States, Europe and Australia. These are not that popular in Southeast Asian countries due to costs and technology considerations. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the suitability of the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) IV model in a single centre Malaysian ICU. A prospective study was conducted at the single centre ICU in Hospital Sultanah Aminah (HSA) Malaysia. External validation of APACHE IV involved a cohort of 916 patients who were admitted in 2009. Model performance was assessed through its calibration and discrimination abilities. A first-level customisation using logistic regression approach was also applied to improve model calibration. APACHE IV exhibited good discrimination, with an area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.78. However, the model's overall fit was observed to be poor, as indicated by the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (Ĉ = 113, P <0.001). Predicted in-ICU mortality rate (28.1%) was significantly higher than the actual in-ICU mortality rate (18.8%). Model calibration was improved after applying first-level customisation (Ĉ = 6.39, P = 0.78) although discrimination was not affected. APACHE IV is not suitable for application in HSA ICU, without further customisation. The model's lack of fit in the Malaysian study is attributed to differences in the baseline characteristics between HSA ICU and APACHE IV datasets. Other possible factors could be due to differences in clinical practice, quality and services of health care systems between Malaysia and the United States.

[The correlation between procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and severity scores in patients with sepsis and their value in assessment of prognosis].

PubMed

Wang, Shengyun; Chen, Dechang

2015-02-01

To investigate the correlation between procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, and to investigate the value in assessment of PCT and CRP in prognosis in patients with sepsis. Clinical data of patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Changzheng Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University from January 2011 to June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. 201 sepsis patients who received PCT and CRP tests, and evaluation of APACHE II score and SOFA score were enrolled. The values of PCT, CRP, APACHE II score and SOFA score between survivals (n = 136) and non-survivals (n = 65) were compared. The values of PCT and CRP among groups with different APACHE II scores and SOFA scores were compared. The relationships between PCT, CRP and APACHE II score and SOFA score were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to assess the prognostic value of PCT and CRP for prognosis of patients with sepsis. Compared with survival group, the values of PCT [μg/L: 11.03 (19.17) vs. 1.39 (2.61), Z = -4.572, P < 0.001], APACHE II score (19.16±5.32 vs. 10.01±3.88, t = -13.807, P < 0.001) and SOFA score (9.66±4.28 vs. 4.27±3.19, t = -9.993, P < 0.001) in non-survival group were significantly increased, but the value of CRP was not significantly different between non-survival group and survival group [mg/L: 75.22 (110.94) vs. 56.93 (100.75), Z = -0.731, P = 0.665]. The values of PCT were significantly correlated with APACHE II score and SOFA score (r1 = 0.373, r2 = 0.392, both P < 0.001), but the values of CRP were not significantly correlated with APACHE II score and SOFA score (r1 = -0.073, P1 = 0.411; r2 = -0.106, P2 = 0.282). The values of PCT rose significantly as the APACHE II score and SOFA score became higher, but the value of CRP was not significantly increased. When APACHE II score was 0-10, 11-20, and > 20, the value of PCT was 1.45 (2.62), 1.96 (9.04), and 7.41 (28.9) μg/L, respectively, and the value of CRP was 57.50 (83.40), 59.00 (119.70), and 77.60 (120.00) mg/L, respectively. When SOFA score was 0-5, 6-10, and > 10, the value of PCT was respectively 1.43 (3.09), 3.41 (9.75), and 5.43 (29.60) μg/L, and the value of CRP was 49.30 (86.20), 76.00 (108.70), and 75.60 (118.10) mg/L, respectively. There was significant difference in PCT between any two groups with different APACHE II and SOFA scores (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but no significant differences in CRP were found. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of PCT for prognosis was significantly greater than that of CRP [0.872 (95% confidence interval 0.811-0.943) vs. 0.512 (95% confidence interval 0.427-0.612), P < 0.001]. When the cut-off value of PCT was 3.36 μg/L, the sensitivity was 66.8%, and the specificity was 45.4%. When the cut-off value of CRP was 44.50 mg/L, the sensitivity was 82.2%, and the specificity was 80.3%. Compared with CRP, PCT was more significantly correlated with APACHE II score and SOFA score. PCT can be a better indicator for evaluation of degree of severity, and also prognosis in sepsis patients.

75 FR 14419 - Camp Tatiyee Land Exchange on the Lakeside Ranger District of the Apache-Sitgreaves National...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-25

... Ranger, Lakeside Ranger District, Apache-Sitgreaves National Forests, c/o TEC Inc., 514 Via de la Valle... to other papers serving areas affected by this proposal: Tucson Citizen, Sierra Vista Herald, Nogales...

4. APACHE INDIAN LABORER WITH TEAM AND SCRAPER WORKING ON ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

4. APACHE INDIAN LABORER WITH TEAM AND SCRAPER WORKING ON THE POWER CANAL LINE FOUR MILES ABOVE LIVINGSTONE, ARIZONA Photographer: Walter J. Lubken, June 14, 1906 - Roosevelt Power Canal & Diversion Dam, Parallels Salt River, Roosevelt, Gila County, AZ

Utilizing findings from the APACHE III research to develop operational information system for the ICU--the APACHE III ICU Management System.

PubMed Central

Knaus, W. A.; Draper, E. A.; Wagner, D. P.

1991-01-01

The APACHE III data base reflects the disease, physiologic status, and outcome data from 17,400 ICU patients at 40 hospitals, 26 of which were randomly selected from representative geographic regions, bed size, and teaching status. This provides a nationally representative standard for measuring several important aspects of ICU performance. Results from the study have now been used to develop an automated information system to provide real time information about expected ICU patient outcome, length of stay, production cost, and ICU performance. The information system provides several new capabilities to ICU clinicians, clinic, and hospital administrators. Among the system's capabilities are: the ability to compare local ICU performance against predetermined criteria; the ability to forecast nursing requirements; and, the ability to make both individual and group patient outcome predictions. The system also provides improved administrative support by tracking ICU charges at the point of origin and reduces staff workload eliminating the requirement for several manually maintained logs and patient lists. APACHE III has the capability to electronically interface with and utilize data already captured in existing hospital information systems, automated laboratory information systems, and patient monitoring systems. APACHE III will also be completely integrated with several CIS vendors' products. PMID:1807779

Better prognostic marker in ICU - APACHE II, SOFA or SAP II!

PubMed

Naqvi, Iftikhar Haider; Mahmood, Khalid; Ziaullaha, Syed; Kashif, Syed Mohammad; Sharif, Asim

2016-01-01

This study was designed to determine the comparative efficacy of different scoring system in assessing the prognosis of critically ill patients. This was a retrospective study conducted in medical intensive care unit (MICU) and high dependency unit (HDU) Medical Unit III, Civil Hospital, from April 2012 to August 2012. All patients over age 16 years old who have fulfilled the criteria for MICU admission were included. Predictive mortality of APACHE II, SAP II and SOFA were calculated. Calibration and discrimination were used for validity of each scoring model. A total of 96 patients with equal gender distribution were enrolled. The average APACHE II score in non-survivors (27.97+8.53) was higher than survivors (15.82+8.79) with statistically significant p value (<0.001). The average SOFA score in non-survivors (9.68+4.88) was higher than survivors (5.63+3.63) with statistically significant p value (<0.001). SAP II average score in non-survivors (53.71+19.05) was higher than survivors (30.18+16.24) with statistically significant p value (<0.001). All three tested scoring models (APACHE II, SAP II and SOFA) would be accurate enough for a general description of our ICU patients. APACHE II has showed better calibration and discrimination power than SAP II and SOFA.

75 FR 30428 - Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Grand...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-01

...; Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona; and Zuni Tribe of the Zuni... Band of Paiutes); San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe of Arizona; Yavapai- Apache Nation of the Camp Verde...

Helicopter noise regulations: An industry perspective

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wagner, R. A.

1978-01-01

A review of helicopter noise measurement programs and noise reduction/economic studies of FAA is given along with a critique of a study which addresses the economic impact of noise reduction on helicopter noise. Modification of several helicopters to reduce noise and demonstrate the economic impact of the application of the current state-of-the-art technology is discussed. Specific helicopters described include Boeing Vertol 347 Helicopter, Hughes OH-6 Helicopter, and Hughes 269C Helicopter. Other topics covered include: (1) noise trends and possible noise limits; (2) accuracy of helicopter noise prediction techniques; (3) limited change possibilities of derivatives; and (4) rotor impulsive noise. The unique operational capabilities of helicopters and the implications relative to noise regulations and certification are discussed.

Accuracy and Predictability of PANC-3 Scoring System over APACHE II in Acute Pancreatitis: A Prospective Study.

PubMed

Rathnakar, Surag Kajoor; Vishnu, Vikram Hubbanageri; Muniyappa, Shridhar; Prasath, Arun

2017-02-01

Acute Pancreatitis (AP) is one of the common conditions encountered in the emergency room. The course of the disease ranges from mild form to severe acute form. Most of these episodes are mild and spontaneously subsiding within 3 to 5 days. In contrast, Severe Acute Pancreatitis (SAP) occurring in around 15-20% of all cases, mortality can range between 10 to 85% across various centres and countries. In such a situation we need an indicator which can predict the outcome of an attack, as severe or mild, as early as possible and such an indicator should be sensitive and specific enough to trust upon. PANC-3 scoring is such a scoring system in predicting the outcome of an attack of AP. To assess the accuracy and predictability of PANC-3 scoring system over APACHE II in predicting severity in an attack of AP. This prospective study was conducted on 82 patients admitted with the diagnosis of pancreatitis. Investigations to evaluate PANC-3 and APACHE II were done on all the patients and the PANC-3 and APACHE II score was calculated. PANC-3 score has a sensitivity of 82.6% and specificity of 77.9%, the test had a Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of 0.59 and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 0.92. Sensitivity of APACHE II in predicting SAP was 91.3% and specificity was 96.6% with PPV of 0.91, NPV was 0.96. Our study shows that PANC-3 can be used to predict the severity of pancreatitis as efficiently as APACHE II. The interpretation of PANC-3 does not need expertise and can be applied at the time of admission which is an advantage when compared to classical scoring systems.

Significance of blood pressure variability in patients with sepsis.

PubMed

Pandey, Nishant Raj; Bian, Yu-Yao; Shou, Song-Tao

2014-01-01

This study was undertaken to observe the characteristics of blood pressure variability (BPV) and sepsis and to investigate changes in blood pressure and its value on the severity of illness in patients with sepsis. Blood parameters, APACHE II score, and 24-hour ambulatory BP were analyzed in 89 patients with sepsis. In patients with APACHE II score>19, the values of systolic blood pressure (SBPV), diasystolic blood pressure (DBPV), non-dipper percentage, cortisol (COR), lactate (LAC), platelet count (PLT) and glucose (GLU) were significantly higher than in those with APACHE II score ≤19 (P<0.05), whereas the values of procalcitonin (PCT), white blood cell (WBC), creatinine (Cr), PaO2, C-reactive protein (CRP), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Correlation analysis showed that APACHE II scores correlated significantly with SBPV and DBPV (P<0.01, r=0.732 and P<0.01, r=0.762). SBPV and DBPV were correlated with COR (P=0.018 and r=0.318; P=0.008 and r=0.353 respectively). However, SBPV and DBPV were not correlated with TNF-α, IL-10, and PCT (P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis of SBPV, DBPV, APACHE II score, and LAC was used to predict prognosis in terms of survival and non-survival rates. Receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) showed that DBPV was a better predictor of survival rate with an AUC value of 0.890. However, AUC of SBPV, APACHE II score, and LAC was 0.746, 0.831 and 0.915, respectively. The values of SBPV, DBPV and non-dipper percentage are higher in patients with sepsis. DBPV and SBPV can be used to predict the survival rate of patients with sepsis.

Mortality Probability Model III and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II

PubMed Central

Vasilevskis, Eduard E.; Kuzniewicz, Michael W.; Cason, Brian A.; Lane, Rondall K.; Dean, Mitzi L.; Clay, Ted; Rennie, Deborah J.; Vittinghoff, Eric; Dudley, R. Adams

2009-01-01

Background: To develop and compare ICU length-of-stay (LOS) risk-adjustment models using three commonly used mortality or LOS prediction models. Methods: Between 2001 and 2004, we performed a retrospective, observational study of 11,295 ICU patients from 35 hospitals in the California Intensive Care Outcomes Project. We compared the accuracy of the following three LOS models: a recalibrated acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) IV-LOS model; and models developed using risk factors in the mortality probability model III at zero hours (MPM0) and the simplified acute physiology score (SAPS) II mortality prediction model. We evaluated models by calculating the following: (1) grouped coefficients of determination; (2) differences between observed and predicted LOS across subgroups; and (3) intraclass correlations of observed/expected LOS ratios between models. Results: The grouped coefficients of determination were APACHE IV with coefficients recalibrated to the LOS values of the study cohort (APACHE IVrecal) [R2 = 0.422], mortality probability model III at zero hours (MPM0 III) [R2 = 0.279], and simplified acute physiology score (SAPS II) [R2 = 0.008]. For each decile of predicted ICU LOS, the mean predicted LOS vs the observed LOS was significantly different (p ≤ 0.05) for three, two, and six deciles using APACHE IVrecal, MPM0 III, and SAPS II, respectively. Plots of the predicted vs the observed LOS ratios of the hospitals revealed a threefold variation in LOS among hospitals with high model correlations. Conclusions: APACHE IV and MPM0 III were more accurate than SAPS II for the prediction of ICU LOS. APACHE IV is the most accurate and best calibrated model. Although it is less accurate, MPM0 III may be a reasonable option if the data collection burden or the treatment effect bias is a consideration. PMID:19363210

[Diagnostic value of integral scoring systems in assessing the severity of acute pancreatitis and patient's condition].

PubMed

Vinnik, Y S; Dunaevskaya, S S; Antufrieva, D A

2015-01-01

The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of specific and nonspecific scoring systems Tolstoy-Krasnogorov score, Ranson, BISAP, Glasgow, MODS 2, APACHE II and CTSI, which used at urgent pancreatology for estimation the severity of acute pancreatitis and status of patient. 1550 case reports of patients which had inpatient surgical treatment at Road clinical hospital at the station Krasnoyarsk from 2009 till 2013 were analyzed. Diagnosis of severe acute pancreatitis and its complications were determined based on anamnestic data, physical exami- nation, clinical indexes, ultrasonic examination and computed tomography angiography. Specific and nonspecific scores (scoring system of estimation by Tolstoy-Krasnogorov, Ranson, Glasgow, BISAP, MODS 2, APACHE II, CTSI) were used for estimation the severity of acute pancreatitis and patient's general condition. Effectiveness of these scoring systems was determined based on some parameters: accuracy (Ac), sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). Most valuables score for estimation of acute pancreatitis's severity is BISAP (Se--98.10%), for estimation of organ failure--MODS 2 (Sp--100%, PPV--100%) and APACHE II (Sp--100%, PPV--100%), for detection of pancreatonecrosis sings--CTSI (Sp--100%, NPV--100%), for estimation of need for intensive care--MODS 2 (Sp--100%, PPV--100%, NPV--96.29%) and APACHE II (Sp--100%, PPV--100%, NPV--97.21%), for prediction of lethality--MODS 2 (Se-- 100%, Sp--98.14%, NPV--100%) and APACHE II (Se--95.00%, NPV-.99.86%). Most effective scores for estimation of acute pancreatitis's severity are Score of estimation by Tolstoy-Krasnogorov, Ranson, Glasgow and BISAP Scoring systems MODS 2, APACHE I high specificity and positive predictive value allow using it at clinical practice.

77 FR 12991 - Airworthiness Directives; Robinson Helicopter Company Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-05

... Airworthiness Directives; Robinson Helicopter Company Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA...) that was published in the Federal Register. That AD applies to Robinson Helicopter Company (Robinson...

Arizona TeleMedicine Project.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arizona Univ., Tucson. Coll. of Medicine.

Designed to provide health services for American Indians living on rurally isolated reservations, the Arizona TeleMedicine Project proposes to link Phoenix and Tucson medical centers, via a statewide telecommunications system, with the Hopi, San Carlos Apache, Papago, Navajo, and White Mountain Apache reservations. Advisory boards are being…

77 FR 23388 - Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron Canada Limited Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-19

... Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron Canada Limited Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation... are publishing a new airworthiness directive (AD) for Bell Helicopter Textron Canada Limited (Bell..., contact Bell Helicopter Textron Canada Limited, 12,800 Rue de l'Avenir, Mirabel, Quebec J7J1R4, telephone...

77 FR 27116 - Safety Zone, Naval Helicopter Association Reunion Helicopter Demonstration, Elizabeth River...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-09

...-AA00 Safety Zone, Naval Helicopter Association Reunion Helicopter Demonstration, Elizabeth River... establishing a temporary safety zone on the Elizabeth River in the vicinity of Norfolk, VA to support the Naval... of life on navigable waters during the Naval Helicopter Association Reunion Helicopter Demonstration...

75 FR 20933 - Airworthiness Directives; Arrow Falcon Exporters, Inc. (previously Utah State University...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-22

... Helicopter Services (previously Erickson Air-Crane Co.); Garlick Helicopters, Inc.; Global Helicopter... Forestry; Firefly Aviation Helicopter Services (previously Erickson Air-Crane Co.); Garlick Helicopters...

78 FR 56592 - Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron, Inc. (Bell) Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-13

... Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron, Inc. (Bell) Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation...) 76-12- 07 for all Bell Model 204B and certain serial-numbered Model 205A-1 helicopters with a certain... detect a crack in the link segments and, for affected Model 205A-1 helicopters, replacing the chain and...

25 CFR 183.1 - What is the purpose of this part?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Introduction... Tribe Water Settlement Act (the Act), Public Law 102-575, 106 Stat. 4748, that requires regulations to administer the Trust Fund, and the Lease Fund established by the Act. ...

Apache Trail, Tonto National Forest : Observations, Considerations, and Recommendations from the Interagency Transportation Assistance Group (TAG)

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-03-03

This report summarizes the observations and findings of an interagency transportation assistance group (TAG) convened to discuss the long-term future of Arizona State Route 88, also known as the Apache Trail, a historic road on the Tonto Nation...

Geologic map and digital database of the Apache Canyon 7.5' quadrangle, Ventura and Kern counties, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Stone, Paul; Cossette, P.M.

2000-01-01

The Apache Canyon 7.5-minute quadrangle is located in southwestern California about 55 km northeast of Santa Barbara and 65 km southwest of Bakersfield. This report presents the results of a geologic mapping investigation of the Apache Canyon quadrangle that was carried out in 1997-1999 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's Southern California Areal Mapping Project. This quadrangle was chosen for study because it is in an area of complex, incompletely understood Cenozoic stratigraphy and structure of potential importance for regional tectonic interpretations, particularly those involving the San Andreas fault located just northwest of the quadrangle and the Big Pine fault about 10 km to the south. In addition, the quadrangle is notable for its well-exposed sequences of folded Neogene nonmarine strata including the Caliente Formation of Miocene age from which previous workers have collected and described several biostratigraphically significant land-mammal fossil assemblages. During the present study, these strata were mapped in detail throughout the quadrangle to provide an improved framework for possible future paleontologic investigations. The Apache Canyon quadrangle is in the eastern part of the Cuyama 30-minute by 60-minute quadrangle and is largely part of an erosionally dissected terrain known as the Cuyama badlands at the east end of Cuyama Valley. Most of the Apache Canyon quadrangle consists of public lands in the Los Padres National Forest.

Survival of Apache Trout eggs and alevins under static and fluctuating temperature regimes

USGS Publications Warehouse

Recsetar, Matthew S.; Bonar, Scott A.

2013-01-01

Increased stream temperatures due to global climate change, livestock grazing, removal of riparian cover, reduction of stream flow, and urbanization will have important implications for fishes worldwide. Information exists that describes the effects of elevated water temperatures on fish eggs, but less information is available on the effects of fluctuating water temperatures on egg survival, especially those of threatened and endangered species. We tested the posthatch survival of eyed eggs and alevins of Apache Trout Oncorhynchus gilae apache, a threatened salmonid, in static temperatures of 15, 18, 21, 24, and 27°C, and also in treatments with diel fluctuations of ±3°C around those temperatures. The LT50 for posthatch survival of Apache Trout eyed eggs and alevins was 17.1°C for static temperatures treatments and 17.9°C for the midpoints of ±3°C fluctuating temperature treatments. There was no significant difference in survival between static temperatures and fluctuating temperatures that shared the same mean temperature, yet there was a slight difference in LT50s. Upper thermal tolerance of Apache Trout eyed eggs and alevins is much lower than that of fry to adult life stages (22–23°C). Information on thermal tolerance of early life stages (eyed egg and alevin) will be valuable to those restoring streams or investigating thermal tolerances of imperiled fishes.

Design optimization for active twist rotor blades

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mok, Ji Won

This dissertation introduces the process of optimizing active twist rotor blades in the presence of embedded anisotropic piezo-composite actuators. Optimum design of active twist blades is a complex task, since it involves a rich design space with tightly coupled design variables. The study presents the development of an optimization framework for active helicopter rotor blade cross-sectional design. This optimization framework allows for exploring a rich and highly nonlinear design space in order to optimize the active twist rotor blades. Different analytical components are combined in the framework: cross-sectional analysis (UM/VABS), an automated mesh generator, a beam solver (DYMORE), a three-dimensional local strain recovery module, and a gradient based optimizer within MATLAB. Through the mathematical optimization problem, the static twist actuation performance of a blade is maximized while satisfying a series of blade constraints. These constraints are associated with locations of the center of gravity and elastic axis, blade mass per unit span, fundamental rotating blade frequencies, and the blade strength based on local three-dimensional strain fields under worst loading conditions. Through pre-processing, limitations of the proposed process have been studied. When limitations were detected, resolution strategies were proposed. These include mesh overlapping, element distortion, trailing edge tab modeling, electrode modeling and foam implementation of the mesh generator, and the initial point sensibility of the current optimization scheme. Examples demonstrate the effectiveness of this process. Optimization studies were performed on the NASA/Army/MIT ATR blade case. Even though that design was built and shown significant impact in vibration reduction, the proposed optimization process showed that the design could be improved significantly. The second example, based on a model scale of the AH-64D Apache blade, emphasized the capability of this framework to explore the nonlinear design space of complex planform. Especially for this case, detailed design is carried out to make the actual blade manufacturable. The proposed optimization framework is shown to be an effective tool to design high authority active twist blades to reduce vibration in future helicopter rotor blades.

Crash-resistant fuel system effectiveness in civil helicopter crashes.

PubMed

Hayden, Mark S; Shanahan, Dennis F; Chen, Li-Hui; Baker, Susan P

2005-08-01

Crash-resistant fuel systems (CRFS) have demonstrated close to 100% effectiveness in survivable crashes of Army helicopters, but the technology has been slow to transfer into the civil helicopter arena. Federal standards for civil helicopter CRFS are less stringent than those for military helicopters. A reduction in standards for CRFS in military helicopters is being considered. The goal of this study was to determine whether crashes of civil helicopters with CRFS are less likely to result in post-crash fire than crashes of those without. Crashes of civil helicopters during 1982-2004 were analyzed, comparing Bell 206 helicopters manufactured with CRFS with Aerospatial 350 helicopters manufactured during the same period (post-1981), but lacking CRFS. Bell 206 helicopters with CRFS were also compared with earlier models without CRFS. The highest proportion of crashes with post-crash fires (11.3%) was in AS-350s manufactured after 1981 (non-CRFS), and the lowest (3.7%) was in Bell 206s (with CRFS) [unadjusted risk ratio (RR) = 3.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04, 10.50; adjusted for light and weather, RR = 2.81, Cl = 0.82, 9.69]. Earlier models of Bell 206s without CRFS had higher risk of post-crash fire than post-1981 models with CRFS (7.4% vs. 3.7%; adjusted RR = 2.11, Cl = 0.82, 5.45). The results of this study suggest a better performance, in terms of post-crash fire prevention, of CRFS-equipped civil helicopters as compared with those without CRFS. It is possible that CRFS in civil helicopters have not achieved the same degree of effectiveness as CRFS in military helicopters. CRFS should be used more widely in civil helicopters. The more stringent CRFS requirements for military helicopters should not be reduced without further research.

Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) Apache Young and Perkins (Diptera: Psychodidae) feeds on reptiles

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Phlebotomine sand flies are vectors of bacteria, parasites, and viruses. In the western USA a sand fly, Lutzomyia apache Young and Perkins, was initially associated with epizootics of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), because sand flies were trapped at sites of an outbreak. Additional studies indica...

Keesda (A Coming-Out Feast).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pono, Filomena P.; And Others

The Jicarilla Apache people celebrate a young girl's coming of age by having a feast called "Keesda". Derived from the Spanish word "fiesta", "Keesda" is a Jicarilla Apache word meaning "feast". This feast is held for four days, usually during the summer months. However, it may be held at any time during the…

77 FR 44434 - Airworthiness Directives; Various Restricted Category Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-30

... Erickson Air-Crane Co.); California Department of Forestry; Garlick Helicopters, Inc.; Global Helicopter... Helicopter Services (previously Erickson Air-Crane Co.); California Department of Forestry; Garlick... Helicopter Services (previously Erickson Air-Crane Co.); California Department of Forestry; Garlick...

78 FR 60182 - Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron, Inc., Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-01

... Helicopter Textron, Inc. (Bell), Model 214B, 214B-1, and 214ST helicopters. This AD requires creating a... and 214B-1 helicopters with a certain spindle installed. The NPRM proposed to require creating a...

Linear-drive cryocoolers for the Department of Defense standard advanced dewar assembly (SADA)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tate, Garin S.

2005-05-01

The Standard Advanced Dewar Assembly (SADA) is the critical module in the Department of Defense (DoD) standardization of scanning second-generation thermal imaging systems. The DoD has established a family of SADAs to fulfill a range of performance requirements for various platforms. The SADA consists of the Infrared Focal Plane Array (IRFPA), Dewar, Command & Control Electronics (C&CE), and the cryogenic cooler, and is used in platforms such as the Apache helicopter, the M1A2 Abrams main battle tank, the M2 Bradley Infantry Fighting Vehicle, and the Javelin Command Launch Unit (CLU). In support of the family of SADAs, the DoD defined a complementary family of tactical linear drive cryocoolers. The Stirling cycle linear drive cryocoolers are utilized to cool the Infrared Focal Plane Arrays (IRFPAs) in the SADAs. These coolers are required to have low input power, a quick cool-down time, low vibration output, low audible noise, and a higher reliability than currently fielded rotary coolers. These coolers must also operate in a military environment with its inherent high vibration level and temperature extremes. This paper will (1) outline the characteristics of each cryocooler, (2) present the status and results of qualification tests, (3) present the status of production efforts, and (4) present the status of efforts to increase linear drive cooler reliability.

Report on the status of linear drive coolers for the Department of Defense Standard Advanced Dewar Assembly (SADA)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salazar, William

2003-01-01

The Standard Advanced Dewar Assembly (SADA) is the critical module in the Department of Defense (DoD) standardization effort of scanning second-generation thermal imaging systems. DoD has established a family of SADA's to address requirements for high performance (SADA I), mid-to-high performance (SADA II), and compact class (SADA III) systems. SADA's consist of the Infrared Focal Plane Array (IRFPA), Dewar, Command and Control Electronics (C&CE), and the cryogenic cooler. SADA's are used in weapons systems such as Comanche and Apache helicopters, the M1 Abrams Tank, the M2 Bradley Fighting Vehicle, the Line of Sight Antitank (LOSAT) system, the Improved Target Acquisition System (ITAS), and Javelin's Command Launch Unit (CLU). DOD has defined a family of tactical linear drive coolers in support of the family of SADA's. The Stirling linear drive cryo-coolers are utilized to cool the SADA's Infrared Focal Plane Arrays (IRFPAs) to their operating cryogenic temperatures. These linear drive coolers are required to meet strict cool-down time requirements along with lower vibration output, lower audible noise, and higher reliability than currently fielded rotary coolers. This paper will (1) outline the characteristics of each cooler, (2) present the status and results of qualification tests, and (3) present the status and test results of efforts to increase linear drive cooler reliability.

77 FR 30232 - Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-22

...-0530; Directorate Identifier 2011-SW-075-AD] RIN 2120-AA64 Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: We propose to adopt a new airworthiness directive (AD) for Bell Helicopter...

Helicopter Operations and Personnel Safety (Helirescue Manual). Fourth Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dalle-Molle, John

The illustrated manual includes information on various aspects of helicopter rescue missions, including mission management roles for key personnel, safety rules around helicopters, requests for helicopter support, sample military air support forms, selection of landing zones, helicopter evacuations, rescuer delivery, passenger unloading, crash…

The impact of urban operations on helicopter noise requirements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Spector, S. R.

1978-01-01

The interrelationship of urban helicopter operations, helicopter noise, and the establishment of urban public-use heliports is discussed. Public resistance to urban helicopter operations due to concern for safety and noise is shown to negatively impact the establishment of public-use heliports in urban centers. It is indicated that increased government and industry effort to reduce helicopter noise is needed to ensure continued growth in the helicopter industry.

Helicopter Northeast Corridor Operational Test Support.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-06-01

helicopters in the U. S. and Canada show a predom- inent application of small helicopters COMMERCIAL USES OF SMALL AND MEDIUM for corporate, charter, aerial...appli- HEICOPTERS cations and public safety. Medium/ U.S. and Canada. Exolessedin oercent. Small Medium heavy helicopters are used predomi- Use...safety (police. lire 17.5 4.0 fighting. etc. LTraining 6.0 - Figure 5 GROWTH FORECAST FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM HELICOPTERS For U.S. and Canada. Helicopter

Conservation priorities in the Apache Highlands ecoregion

Treesearch

Dale Turner; Rob Marshall; Carolyn A. F. Enquist; Anne Gondor; David F. Gori; Eduardo Lopez; Gonzalo Luna; Rafaela Paredes Aguilar; Chris Watts; Sabra Schwartz

2005-01-01

The Apache Highlands ecoregion incorporates the entire Madrean Archipelago/Sky Island region. We analyzed the current distribution of 223 target species and 26 terrestrial ecological systems there, and compared them with constraints on ecosystem integrity (e.g., road density) to determine the most efficient set of areas needed to maintain current biodiversity. The...

Recapturing the Past with Digital Imaging

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gronseth, Susie

2008-01-01

Theodore Roosevelt School (TRS) is surrounded by culture and history. Located on the grounds of the former Fort Apache Army Post, TRS serves sixth- through eighth-grade native students, primarily from the White Mountain Apache Tribe. Tradition and culture are so much a part of the TRS students' background of experiences that teachers at the school…

77 FR 59658 - Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Walnut...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-28

...; Hualapai Indian Tribe of the Hualapai Indian Reservation, Arizona; Jicarilla Apache Nation, New Mexico; Kaibab Band of Paiute Indians of the Kaibab Indian Reservation, Arizona; Kewa Pueblo, New Mexico (formerly the Pueblo of Santo Domingo); Mescalero Apache Tribe of the Mescalero Reservation, New Mexico...

Agentless Cloud-Wide Monitoring of Virtual Disk State

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-01

packages include Apache, MySQL , PHP, Ruby on Rails, Java Application Servers, and many others. Figure 2.12 shows the results of a run of the Software...Linux, Apache, MySQL , PHP (LAMP) set of applications. Thus, many file-level update logs will contain the same versions of files repeated across many

76 FR 53484 - Notice of Availability of the Draft Resource Management Plan/Draft Environmental Impact Statement...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-26

.... Apache Junction Public Library, 1177 N. Idaho Road, Apache Junction, Arizona 85219. Buckeye Public Library, 310 North 6th Street, Buckeye, Arizona 85326. Casa Grande Public Library, 449 North Dry Lake, Casa Grande, Arizona 85222. Gila Bend Public Library, 202 North Euclid Avenue, Gila Bend, Arizona 85337...

77 FR 59652 - Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Wupatki...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-28

... Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Prescott Tribe of the Yavapai Reservation, Arizona; Ysleta...-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona; and Yavapai-Prescott Tribe of the Yavapai... Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Arizona; Yavapai-Prescott...

Forest resources of the Forest resources of the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest

Treesearch

Paul Rogers

2008-01-01

The Interior West Forest Inventory and Analysis (IWFIA) program of the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, as part of its national Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) duties, conducted forest resource inventories of the Southwestern Region (Region 3) National Forests. This report presents highlights of the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest...

Context-Based Mobile Security Enclave

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-01

29  c.  Change IMSI .............................30  d.  Change CellID ...........................31  e.  Change Geolocation ...Assisted Global Positioning System ADB Android Debugger API Application Programming Interface APK Android Application Package BSC Base Station...Programming Interfaces ( APIs ), which use Java compatible libraries based on Apache Harmony (an open source Java implementation developed by the Apache

Venous glucose, serum lactate and base deficit as biochemical predictors of mortality in patients with polytrauma.

PubMed

Saad, Sameh; Mohamed, Naglaa; Moghazy, Amr; Ellabban, Gouda; El-Kamash, Soliman

2016-01-01

The trauma and injury severity score (TRISS) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV (APACHE IV) are accurate but complex. This study aimed to compare venous glucose, levels of serum lactate, and base deficit in polytraumatized patients as simple parameters to predict the mortality in these patients versus (TRISS) and (APACHE IV). This was a comparative cross-sectional study of 282 patients with polytrauma presented to the Emergency Department (ED). The best cut off value of TRISS probability of survival score for prediction of mortality among poly-traumatized patients was ≤90. APACHE IV demonstrated 67% sensitivity and 95% specificity at 95% CI at cut off point 99. The best cutoff value of Random Blood Sugar was >140 mg/dl, with 89% sensitivity, 49% specificity; base deficit was less than -5.6 with 64% sensitivity, 93% specificity; lactate was >2.6 mmol/L with 92%, sensitivity, 42% specificity. Venous glucose, serum lactate and base deficit are easy and rapid biochemical predictors of mortality in patients with polytrauma. These predictors could be used as TRISS and APACHE IV in predicting mortality.

Decreases in Suicide Deaths and Attempts Linked to the White Mountain Apache Suicide Surveillance and Prevention System, 2001-2012.

PubMed

Cwik, Mary F; Tingey, Lauren; Maschino, Alexandra; Goklish, Novalene; Larzelere-Hinton, Francene; Walkup, John; Barlow, Allison

2016-12-01

We evaluated the impact of a comprehensive, multitiered youth suicide prevention program among the White Mountain Apache of Arizona since its implementation in 2006. Using data from the tribally mandated Celebrating Life surveillance system, we compared the rates, numbers, and characteristics of suicide deaths and attempts from 2007 to 2012 with those from 2001 to 2006. The overall Apache suicide death rates dropped from 40.0 to 24.7 per 100 000 (38.3% decrease), and the rate among those aged 15 to 24 years dropped from 128.5 to 99.0 per 100 000 (23.0% decrease). The annual number of attempts also dropped from 75 (in 2007) to 35 individuals (in 2012). National rates remained relatively stable during this time, at 10 to 13 per 100 000. Although national rates remained stable or increased slightly, the overall Apache suicide death rates dropped following the suicide prevention program. The community surveillance system served a critical role in providing a foundation for prevention programming and evaluation.

APACHE II score in massive upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage from peptic ulcer: prognostic value and potential clinical applications.

PubMed

Schein, M; Gecelter, G

1989-07-01

This study examined the prognostic value of the APACHE II scoring system in patients undergoing emergency operations for bleeding peptic ulcer. There were 96 operations for gastric ulcers and 58 for duodenal ulcers. The mean scores in survivors and in patients who died were 10.8 and 17.5 respectively. None of the 66 patients with an APACHE II score less than 11 died, while the mortality rate in those scored greater than 10 was 22 per cent. In patients scored greater than 10 non-resective procedures carried less risk of mortality than gastrectomy. The APACHE II score is useful when measuring the severity of the acute disease and predicting the outcome in these patients. If used in daily practice it may assist the surgeon in stratifying patients into a low-risk group (score less than 11) in which major operations are well tolerated and outcome is favourable and a high-risk group (score greater than 10) in which the risk of mortality is high and the performance of procedures of lesser magnitude is probably more likely to improve survival.

14 CFR 97.3 - Symbols and terms used in procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... procedures means helicopter procedures, with applicable minimums as prescribed in § 97.35. Helicopters may... above a designated helicopter landing area elevation used for helicopter instrument approach procedures... highest terrain/surface within a 5,200-foot radius of the missed approach point used in helicopter...

Using Discrete Event Simulation To Analyze Personnel Requirements For The Malaysian Armys New Utility Helicopter Fleet

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

HELICOPTER FLEET Hasnan bin Mohamad Rais Major, Malaysian Army B.S., University Technology of Malaysia , 2000 Submitted in partial...HELICOPTER MAINTENANCE POLICY B. The objective of MAA helicopter maintenance activities is to preserve helicopter safety and mission reliability to

46 CFR 108.653 - Helicopter facilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Helicopter facilities. 108.653 Section 108.653 Shipping... EQUIPMENT Equipment Markings and Instructions § 108.653 Helicopter facilities. (a) Each helicopter fueling facility must be marked adjacent to the fueling hose storage: “WARNING—HELICOPTER FUELING STATION—KEEP...

46 CFR 108.653 - Helicopter facilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Helicopter facilities. 108.653 Section 108.653 Shipping... EQUIPMENT Equipment Markings and Instructions § 108.653 Helicopter facilities. (a) Each helicopter fueling facility must be marked adjacent to the fueling hose storage: “WARNING—HELICOPTER FUELING STATION—KEEP...

46 CFR 108.653 - Helicopter facilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Helicopter facilities. 108.653 Section 108.653 Shipping... EQUIPMENT Equipment Markings and Instructions § 108.653 Helicopter facilities. (a) Each helicopter fueling facility must be marked adjacent to the fueling hose storage: “WARNING—HELICOPTER FUELING STATION—KEEP...

14 CFR 97.3 - Symbols and terms used in procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... procedures means helicopter procedures, with applicable minimums as prescribed in § 97.35. Helicopters may... above a designated helicopter landing area elevation used for helicopter instrument approach procedures... highest terrain/surface within a 5,200-foot radius of the missed approach point used in helicopter...

46 CFR 108.653 - Helicopter facilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Helicopter facilities. 108.653 Section 108.653 Shipping... EQUIPMENT Equipment Markings and Instructions § 108.653 Helicopter facilities. (a) Each helicopter fueling facility must be marked adjacent to the fueling hose storage: “WARNING—HELICOPTER FUELING STATION—KEEP...

46 CFR 108.653 - Helicopter facilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Helicopter facilities. 108.653 Section 108.653 Shipping... EQUIPMENT Equipment Markings and Instructions § 108.653 Helicopter facilities. (a) Each helicopter fueling facility must be marked adjacent to the fueling hose storage: “WARNING—HELICOPTER FUELING STATION—KEEP...

14 CFR 97.3 - Symbols and terms used in procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... procedures means helicopter procedures, with applicable minimums as prescribed in § 97.35. Helicopters may... above a designated helicopter landing area elevation used for helicopter instrument approach procedures... highest terrain/surface within a 5,200-foot radius of the missed approach point used in helicopter...

77 FR 42954 - Airworthiness Directives; Boeing Vertol (Type Certificate Currently Held by Columbia Helicopters...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-23

...)) and Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Limited Helicopters (Kawasaki) AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration... Columbia Helicopters, Inc.) and Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Limited Helicopters: Amendment 39-17124; Docket... Heavy Industries, Limited Model KV107-II and KV107-IIA helicopters with an upper collective pitch...

Is a specific oncological scoring system better at predicting the prognosis of cancer patients admitted for an acute medical complication in an intensive care unit than general gravity scores?

PubMed

Berghmans, T; Paesmans, M; Sculier, J P

2004-04-01

To evaluate the effectiveness of a specific oncologic scoring system-the ICU Cancer Mortality model (ICM)-in predicting hospital mortality in comparison to two general severity scores-the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) and the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II). All 247 patients admitted for a medical acute complication over an 18-month period in an oncological medical intensive care unit were prospectively registered. Their data, including type of complication, vital status at discharge and cancer characteristics as well as other variables necessary to calculate the three scoring systems were retrospectively assessed. Observed in-hospital mortality was 34%. The predicted in-hospital mortality rate for APACHE II was 32%; SAPS II, 24%; and ICM, 28%. The goodness of fit was inadequate except for the ICM score. Comparison of the area under the ROC curves revealed a better fit for ICM (area 0.79). The maximum correct classification rate was 72% for APACHE II, 74% for SAPS II and 77% for ICM. APACHE II and SAPS II were better at predicting outcome for survivors to hospital discharge, although ICM was better for non-survivors. Two variables were independently predicting the risk of death during hospitalisation: ICM (OR=2.31) and SAPS II (OR=1.05). Gravity scores were the single independent predictors for hospital mortality, and ICM was equivalent to APACHE II and SAPS II.

Correlation of nitric oxide and other free radicals with the severity of acute pancreatitis and complicated systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

PubMed

Que, Ri-sheng; Cao, Li-ping; Ding, Guo-ping; Hu, Jun-an; Mao, Ke-jie; Wang, Gui-feng

2010-05-01

To investigate the correlation of nitric oxide (NO) and other free radicals with the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) and complicated systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Fifty AP patients (24 simple AP patients and 26 patients with AP complicated by SIRS) were involved in the study. Fifty healthy volunteers were included as controls. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores were evaluated, and plasma NO, plasma lipid peroxides, plasma vitamin E, plasma beta-carotene, whole-blood glutathione (GSH), and the activity of plasma GSH peroxidase were measured. Compared with the control group, the APACHE II scores heightened in the AP group, and the SIRS group had the highest APACHE II scores (P < 0.005, P < 0.001, respectively). Plasma NO and plasma lipid peroxides increased with the heightening APACHE II scores, demonstrating a significant linear positive correlation (r = 0.618, r = 0.577, respectively; P < 0.001). Plasma vitamin E, plasma beta-carotene, whole-blood GSH, and the activity of plasma GSH peroxidase decreased with the heightening APACHE II scores, demonstrating a significant linear negative correlation (r = -0.600, r = -0.609, r = -0.559, r = -0.592, respectively; P < 0.001). Nitric oxide and other free radicals take part in the aggravation of oxidative stress and oxidative injury and may play important roles in the pathogenesis of AP and SIRS. It may be valuable to measure free radicals to predict the severity of AP.

76 FR 10489 - Special Conditions: Bell Helicopter Textron Canada Limited Model 407 Helicopter, Installation of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-25

... non-critical control functions, since this model helicopter has been certificated to meet the... Canada Limited (Bell) model 407 helicopter. This model helicopter will have novel or unusual design..., Rotorcraft Directorate, Regulations and Policy Group (ASW-111), 2601 Meacham Blvd., Fort Worth, Texas 76137...

46 CFR 108.486 - Helicopter decks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Helicopter decks. 108.486 Section 108.486 Shipping COAST... Fire Extinguishing Systems Fire Protection for Helicopter Facilities § 108.486 Helicopter decks. At least two of the accesses to the helicopter landing deck must each have a fire hydrant on the unit's...

33 CFR 149.655 - What are the requirements for helicopter fueling facilities?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... helicopter fueling facilities? 149.655 Section 149.655 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... EQUIPMENT Design and Equipment Helicopter Fueling Facilities § 149.655 What are the requirements for helicopter fueling facilities? Helicopter fueling facilities must comply with 46 CFR 108.489 or an equivalent...

33 CFR 149.655 - What are the requirements for helicopter fueling facilities?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... helicopter fueling facilities? 149.655 Section 149.655 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... EQUIPMENT Design and Equipment Helicopter Fueling Facilities § 149.655 What are the requirements for helicopter fueling facilities? Helicopter fueling facilities must comply with 46 CFR 108.489 or an equivalent...

14 CFR 36.11 - Acoustical change: Helicopters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Acoustical change: Helicopters. 36.11...: Helicopters. This section applies to all helicopters in the primary, normal, transport, and restricted... appendix H of this part, or, for helicopters having a maximum certificated takeoff weight of not more than...

14 CFR 36.11 - Acoustical change: Helicopters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Acoustical change: Helicopters. 36.11...: Helicopters. This section applies to all helicopters in the primary, normal, transport, and restricted... appendix H of this part, or, for helicopters having a maximum certificated takeoff weight of not more than...

14 CFR 29.71 - Helicopter angle of glide: Category B.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Helicopter angle of glide: Category B. 29... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Flight Performance § 29.71 Helicopter angle of glide: Category B. For each category B helicopter, except multiengine helicopters meeting the...

14 CFR 36.11 - Acoustical change: Helicopters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Acoustical change: Helicopters. 36.11...: Helicopters. This section applies to all helicopters in the primary, normal, transport, and restricted... appendix H of this part, or, for helicopters having a maximum certificated takeoff weight of not more than...

33 CFR 149.655 - What are the requirements for helicopter fueling facilities?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... helicopter fueling facilities? 149.655 Section 149.655 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... EQUIPMENT Design and Equipment Helicopter Fueling Facilities § 149.655 What are the requirements for helicopter fueling facilities? Helicopter fueling facilities must comply with 46 CFR 108.489 or an equivalent...

14 CFR 29.71 - Helicopter angle of glide: Category B.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Helicopter angle of glide: Category B. 29... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Flight Performance § 29.71 Helicopter angle of glide: Category B. For each category B helicopter, except multiengine helicopters meeting the...

14 CFR 29.71 - Helicopter angle of glide: Category B.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Helicopter angle of glide: Category B. 29... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Flight Performance § 29.71 Helicopter angle of glide: Category B. For each category B helicopter, except multiengine helicopters meeting the...

46 CFR 108.486 - Helicopter decks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Helicopter decks. 108.486 Section 108.486 Shipping COAST... Fire Extinguishing Systems Fire Protection for Helicopter Facilities § 108.486 Helicopter decks. At least two of the accesses to the helicopter landing deck must each have a fire hydrant on the unit's...

14 CFR 29.71 - Helicopter angle of glide: Category B.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Helicopter angle of glide: Category B. 29... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Flight Performance § 29.71 Helicopter angle of glide: Category B. For each category B helicopter, except multiengine helicopters meeting the...

14 CFR 36.11 - Acoustical change: Helicopters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Acoustical change: Helicopters. 36.11...: Helicopters. This section applies to all helicopters in the primary, normal, transport, and restricted... appendix H of this part, or, for helicopters having a maximum certificated takeoff weight of not more than...

33 CFR 149.655 - What are the requirements for helicopter fueling facilities?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... helicopter fueling facilities? 149.655 Section 149.655 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... EQUIPMENT Design and Equipment Helicopter Fueling Facilities § 149.655 What are the requirements for helicopter fueling facilities? Helicopter fueling facilities must comply with 46 CFR 108.489 or an equivalent...

14 CFR 36.11 - Acoustical change: Helicopters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Acoustical change: Helicopters. 36.11...: Helicopters. This section applies to all helicopters in the primary, normal, transport, and restricted... appendix H of this part, or, for helicopters having a maximum certificated takeoff weight of not more than...

46 CFR 108.486 - Helicopter decks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Helicopter decks. 108.486 Section 108.486 Shipping COAST... Fire Extinguishing Systems Fire Protection for Helicopter Facilities § 108.486 Helicopter decks. At least two of the accesses to the helicopter landing deck must each have a fire hydrant on the unit's...

46 CFR 108.486 - Helicopter decks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Helicopter decks. 108.486 Section 108.486 Shipping COAST... Fire Extinguishing Systems Fire Protection for Helicopter Facilities § 108.486 Helicopter decks. At least two of the accesses to the helicopter landing deck must each have a fire hydrant on the unit's...

46 CFR 108.486 - Helicopter decks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Helicopter decks. 108.486 Section 108.486 Shipping COAST... Fire Extinguishing Systems Fire Protection for Helicopter Facilities § 108.486 Helicopter decks. At least two of the accesses to the helicopter landing deck must each have a fire hydrant on the unit's...

33 CFR 149.655 - What are the requirements for helicopter fueling facilities?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... helicopter fueling facilities? 149.655 Section 149.655 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... EQUIPMENT Design and Equipment Helicopter Fueling Facilities § 149.655 What are the requirements for helicopter fueling facilities? Helicopter fueling facilities must comply with 46 CFR 108.489 or an equivalent...

14 CFR 29.71 - Helicopter angle of glide: Category B.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Helicopter angle of glide: Category B. 29... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Flight Performance § 29.71 Helicopter angle of glide: Category B. For each category B helicopter, except multiengine helicopters meeting the...

Severity and prognosis of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning are indicated by C-reactive protein and copeptin levels and APACHE II score

PubMed Central

WU, XINKUAN; XIE, WEI; CHENG, YUELEI; GUAN, QINGLONG

2016-01-01

The aim of the present study was to investigate the plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and copeptin, in addition to the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) scores, in patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP). A total of 100 patients with AOPP were included and divided into mild, moderate and severe groups according to AOPP diagnosis and classification standards. Blood samples were collected from all patients on days 1, 3 and 7 following AOPP. The concentrations of CRP and copeptin in the plasma were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All AOPP patients underwent APACHE II scoring and the diagnostic value of these scores was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs). On days 1, 3 and 7 after AOPP, the levels of CRP and copeptin were increased in correlation with the increase in AOPP severity, and were significantly higher compared with the control groups. Furthermore, elevated CRP and copeptin plasma levels were detected in patients with severe AOPP on day 7, whereas these levels were reduced in patients with mild or moderate AOPP. APACHE II scores, blood lactate level, acetylcholine esterase level, twitch disappearance time, reactivating agent dose and inability to raise the head were the high-risk factors that affected the prognosis of AOPP. Patients with plasma CRP and copeptin levels higher than median values had worse prognoses. The areas under curve for ROCs were 0.89, 0.75 and 0.72 for CRP levels, copeptin levels and APACHE II scores, respectively. In addition, the plasma contents of CRP and copeptin are increased according to the severity of AOPP. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that CRP and copeptin levels and APACHE II scores may be used for the determination of AOPP severity and the prediction of AOPP prognosis. PMID:26997996

Severity and prognosis of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning are indicated by C-reactive protein and copeptin levels and APACHE II score.

PubMed

Wu, Xinkuan; Xie, Wei; Cheng, Yuelei; Guan, Qinglong

2016-03-01

The aim of the present study was to investigate the plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and copeptin, in addition to the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) scores, in patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP). A total of 100 patients with AOPP were included and divided into mild, moderate and severe groups according to AOPP diagnosis and classification standards. Blood samples were collected from all patients on days 1, 3 and 7 following AOPP. The concentrations of CRP and copeptin in the plasma were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All AOPP patients underwent APACHE II scoring and the diagnostic value of these scores was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs). On days 1, 3 and 7 after AOPP, the levels of CRP and copeptin were increased in correlation with the increase in AOPP severity, and were significantly higher compared with the control groups. Furthermore, elevated CRP and copeptin plasma levels were detected in patients with severe AOPP on day 7, whereas these levels were reduced in patients with mild or moderate AOPP. APACHE II scores, blood lactate level, acetylcholine esterase level, twitch disappearance time, reactivating agent dose and inability to raise the head were the high-risk factors that affected the prognosis of AOPP. Patients with plasma CRP and copeptin levels higher than median values had worse prognoses. The areas under curve for ROCs were 0.89, 0.75 and 0.72 for CRP levels, copeptin levels and APACHE II scores, respectively. In addition, the plasma contents of CRP and copeptin are increased according to the severity of AOPP. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that CRP and copeptin levels and APACHE II scores may be used for the determination of AOPP severity and the prediction of AOPP prognosis.

Assessment of performance and utility of mortality prediction models in a single Indian mixed tertiary intensive care unit.

PubMed

Sathe, Prachee M; Bapat, Sharda N

2014-01-01

To assess the performance and utility of two mortality prediction models viz. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) in a single Indian mixed tertiary intensive care unit (ICU). Secondary objectives were bench-marking and setting a base line for research. In this observational cohort, data needed for calculation of both scores were prospectively collected for all consecutive admissions to 28-bedded ICU in the year 2011. After excluding readmissions, discharges within 24 h and age <18 years, the records of 1543 patients were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. Both models overpredicted mortality in this cohort [standardized mortality ratio (SMR) 0.88 ± 0.05 and 0.95 ± 0.06 using APACHE II and SAPS II respectively]. Patterns of predicted mortality had strong association with true mortality (R (2) = 0.98 for APACHE II and R (2) = 0.99 for SAPS II). Both models performed poorly in formal Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit testing (Chi-square = 12.8 (P = 0.03) for APACHE II, Chi-square = 26.6 (P = 0.001) for SAPS II) but showed good discrimination (area under receiver operating characteristic curve 0.86 ± 0.013 SE (P < 0.001) and 0.83 ± 0.013 SE (P < 0.001) for APACHE II and SAPS II, respectively). There were wide variations in SMRs calculated for subgroups based on International Classification of Disease, 10(th) edition (standard deviation ± 0.27 for APACHE II and 0.30 for SAPS II). Lack of fit of data to the models and wide variation in SMRs in subgroups put a limitation on utility of these models as tools for assessing quality of care and comparing performances of different units without customization. Considering comparable performance and simplicity of use, efforts should be made to adapt SAPS II.

Predictive comparisons of procalcitonin (PCT) level, arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR), APACHE III score and multiple organ dysfunction score (MODS) in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).

PubMed

Lee, Young-Joo; Park, Chan-Hee; Yun, Jang-Woon; Lee, Young-Suk

2004-02-29

Procalcitonin (PCT) is a newly introduced marker of systemic inflammation and bacterial infection. A marked increase in circulating PCT level in critically ill patients has been related with the severity of illness and poor survival. The goal of this study was to compare the prognostic power of PCT and three other parameters, the arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR), the acute physiology, age, chronic health evaluation (APACHE) III score and the multiple organ dysfunction score (MODS), in the differentiation between survivors and nonsurvivors of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The study was performed in 95 patients over 16 years of age who met the criteria of SIRS. PCT and AKBR were assayed in arterial blood samples. The APACHE III score and MODS were recorded after the first 24 hours of surgical ICU (SICU) admission and then daily for two weeks or until either discharge or death. The patients were divided into two groups, survivors (n=71) and nonsurvivors (n=24), in accordance with the ICU outcome. They were also divided into three groups according to the trend of PCT level: declining, increasing or no change. Significant differences between survivors and nonsurvivors were found in APACHE III score and MODS throughout the study period, but in PCT value only up to the 7th day and in AKBR only up to the 3rd day. PCT values of the three groups were not significantly different on the first day between survivors and nonsurvivors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for prediction of mortality by PCT, AKBR, APACHE III score and MODS were 0.690, 0.320, 0.915 and 0.913, respectively, on the admission day. In conclusion, PCT could have some use as a mortality predictor in SIRS patients but was less reliable than APACHE III score or MODS.

14 CFR 29.33 - Main rotor speed and pitch limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... helicopters required to have a main rotor low speed warning under paragraph (e) of this section, it must be... warning for helicopters. For each single engine helicopter, and each multiengine helicopter that does not... be furnished either through the inherent aerodynamic qualities of the helicopter or by a device. (3...

14 CFR 29.33 - Main rotor speed and pitch limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... helicopters required to have a main rotor low speed warning under paragraph (e) of this section, it must be... warning for helicopters. For each single engine helicopter, and each multiengine helicopter that does not... be furnished either through the inherent aerodynamic qualities of the helicopter or by a device. (3...

14 CFR 27.33 - Main rotor speed and pitch limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... helicopters required to have a main rotor low speed warning under paragraph (e) of this section. It must be... warning for helicopters. For each single engine helicopter, and each multiengine helicopter that does not... be furnished either through the inherent aerodynamic qualities of the helicopter or by a device. (3...

14 CFR 27.33 - Main rotor speed and pitch limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... helicopters required to have a main rotor low speed warning under paragraph (e) of this section. It must be... warning for helicopters. For each single engine helicopter, and each multiengine helicopter that does not... be furnished either through the inherent aerodynamic qualities of the helicopter or by a device. (3...

14 CFR 27.33 - Main rotor speed and pitch limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... helicopters required to have a main rotor low speed warning under paragraph (e) of this section. It must be... warning for helicopters. For each single engine helicopter, and each multiengine helicopter that does not... be furnished either through the inherent aerodynamic qualities of the helicopter or by a device. (3...

14 CFR 29.33 - Main rotor speed and pitch limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... helicopters required to have a main rotor low speed warning under paragraph (e) of this section, it must be... warning for helicopters. For each single engine helicopter, and each multiengine helicopter that does not... be furnished either through the inherent aerodynamic qualities of the helicopter or by a device. (3...

75 FR 793 - Damage Tolerance and Fatigue Evaluation of Composite Rotorcraft Structures

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-06

... there are six U.S. part 27 helicopter manufacturers that produce composite helicopters. MD Helicopters... and is not expected to produce composite heliopters in the future.. 8/10/2009 Part 29 Helicopter... helicopter inspection time for a composite part will be the same as or less than for a metallic part...

25 CFR 183.8 - How can the Tribe spend funds?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false How can the Tribe spend funds? 183.8 Section 183.8... SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Trust Fund Disposition Limitations § 183.8 How can the Tribe spend funds? (a) The Tribe must spend principal or income...

25 CFR 183.15 - Must the Tribe submit any reports?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Must the Tribe submit any reports? 183.15 Section 183.15... SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Reports § 183.15 Must the Tribe submit any reports? Yes. The Tribe must submit the following reports after receiving...

25 CFR 183.8 - How can the Tribe spend funds?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false How can the Tribe spend funds? 183.8 Section 183.8... SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Trust Fund Disposition Limitations § 183.8 How can the Tribe spend funds? (a) The Tribe must spend principal or income...

25 CFR 183.8 - How can the Tribe spend funds?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false How can the Tribe spend funds? 183.8 Section 183.8... SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Trust Fund Disposition Limitations § 183.8 How can the Tribe spend funds? (a) The Tribe must spend principal or income...

25 CFR 183.15 - Must the Tribe submit any reports?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Must the Tribe submit any reports? 183.15 Section 183.15... SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Reports § 183.15 Must the Tribe submit any reports? Yes. The Tribe must submit the following reports after receiving...

25 CFR 183.15 - Must the Tribe submit any reports?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true Must the Tribe submit any reports? 183.15 Section 183.15... SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Reports § 183.15 Must the Tribe submit any reports? Yes. The Tribe must submit the following reports after receiving...

25 CFR 183.15 - Must the Tribe submit any reports?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Must the Tribe submit any reports? 183.15 Section 183.15... SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Reports § 183.15 Must the Tribe submit any reports? Yes. The Tribe must submit the following reports after receiving...

25 CFR 183.15 - Must the Tribe submit any reports?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Must the Tribe submit any reports? 183.15 Section 183.15... SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Reports § 183.15 Must the Tribe submit any reports? Yes. The Tribe must submit the following reports after receiving...

25 CFR 183.8 - How can the Tribe spend funds?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true How can the Tribe spend funds? 183.8 Section 183.8 Indians... CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Trust Fund Disposition Limitations § 183.8 How can the Tribe spend funds? (a) The Tribe must spend principal or income distributed...

25 CFR 183.8 - How can the Tribe spend funds?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false How can the Tribe spend funds? 183.8 Section 183.8... SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Trust Fund Disposition Limitations § 183.8 How can the Tribe spend funds? (a) The Tribe must spend principal or income...

75 FR 20608 - Notice of Re-Designation of the Service Delivery Area for the Cowlitz Indian Tribe

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-20

..., Louisiana Grand Parish, LA,\\22\\ LaSalle Parish, LA, Rapides Parish, LA. Jicarilla Apache Nation, New Mexico... Mexico. NM. Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida. Broward, FL, Collier, FL, Miami- Dade, FL, Hendry, FL.... Narragansett Indian Tribe of Rhode Washington, RI.\\32\\ Island. Navajo Nation, Arizona, New Mexico and Apache...

Nutrition Survey of White Mountain Apache Preschool Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Owen, George M.; And Others

As part of a national study of the nutrition of preschool children, data were collected on 201 Apache children, 1 to 6 years of age, living on an Indian reservation in Arizona. This report reviews procedures and clinical findings, and gives an analysis of growth data including skeletal maturation, nutrient intakes and clinical biochemical data. In…

An assessment of the spatial extent and condition of grasslands in the Apache Highlands ecoregion

Treesearch

Carolyn A. F. Enquist; David F. Gori

2005-01-01

Grasslands in the Apache Highlands ecoregion have experienced dramatic changes. To assess and identify remaining native grasslands for conservation planning and management, we used a combination of expert consultation and field verification. Over two-thirds of native grasslands have experienced shrub encroachment. More than 30% of these may be restorable with...

Publications - GMC 397 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

: Apache Corp., Alaska Division of Oil and Gas, and Weatherford Laboratories Publication Date: Nov 2011 Apache Corp., Alaska Division of Oil and Gas, and Weatherford Laboratories, 2011, Porosity and Files gmc397.pdf (2.8 M) gmc397.zip (24.2 M) Keywords Cook Inlet Basin; Oil and Gas; Permeability

A Photographic Essay of the San Carlos Apache Indians, Volume 2-Part A.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Soto, Ed; And Others

As part of a series of guides designed for instruction of American Indian children and youth, this resource guide constitutes a pictorial essay on the San Carlos Apache Reservation founded in the late 1800's and located in Arizona's Gila County. An historical narrative and discussion questions accompany each of the 12 photographs. Photographic…

Advanced Airfoils Boost Helicopter Performance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2007-01-01

Carson Helicopters Inc. licensed the Langley RC4 series of airfoils in 1993 to develop a replacement main rotor blade for their Sikorsky S-61 helicopters. The company's fleet of S-61 helicopters has been rebuilt to include Langley's patented airfoil design, and the helicopters are now able to carry heavier loads and fly faster and farther, and the main rotor blades have twice the previous service life. In aerial firefighting, the performance-boosting airfoils have helped the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Forest Service control the spread of wildfires. In 2003, Carson Helicopters signed a contract with Ducommun AeroStructures Inc., to manufacture the composite blades for Carson Helicopters to sell

An evaluation of helicopter noise and vibration ride qualities criteria

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hammond, C. E.; Hollenbaugh, D. D.; Clevenson, S. A.; Leatherwood, J. D.

1981-01-01

Two methods of quantifying helicopter ride quality; absorbed power for vibration only and the NASA ride comfort model for both noise and vibration are discussed. Noise and vibration measurements were obtained on five operational US Army helicopters. The data were converted to both absorbed power and DISC's (discomfort units used in the NASA model) for specific helicopter flight conditions. Both models indicate considerable variation in ride quality between the five helicopters and between flight conditions within each helicopter.

Helicopter discrimination apparatus for the murine radar

DOEpatents

Webb, Jr., John G.; Gray, Roger M.

1977-01-01

A helicopter discrimination apparatus for a radar utilizing doppler filtering to discriminate between a missile and ground clutter. The short duration of the doppler filter pulses which are emitted by helicopter rotor blades are processed to prevent false alarms, thus allowing the radar-protected helicopter to operate in formation with other helicopters while maintaining protection against infra-red-seeking missiles.

Small helicopter could find niche in remote heavy lift operations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1994-02-21

A new helicopter specifically designed for external vertical lift operations, such as moving transportable rig components or seismic equipment in remote locations, operates more efficiently than most other medium or heavy-lift helicopters, according to manufacturer Kaman Aerospace. The single-pilot helicopter was designed as an aerial truck for efficient lifting of heavy loads but with the operating costs of a light-lift craft. The K-Max helicopter can lift more pounds of cargo per gallon of fuel consumed than other similar helicopters, according to Kaman. For example, to transport a 5,000-lb load at an elevation of 8,000 ft, the K-Max helicopter consumes 85more » gal of fuel/hr. Under the same load conditions, the next most efficient commercially available helicopter consumes 160 gal of fuel/hr and requires two pilots. The 4,500-lb helicopter can lift 5,000 lb to an altitude of 8,000 ft or about 6,000 lb at low altitudes.« less

75 FR 62639 - Air Ambulance and Commercial Helicopter Operations, Part 91 Helicopter Operations, and Part 135...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-12

...This proposed rule addresses air ambulance and commercial helicopter operations, part 91 helicopter operations, and load manifest requirements for all part 135 aircraft. From 2002 to 2008, there has been an increase in fatal helicopter air ambulance accidents. To address these safety concerns, the FAA is proposing to implement operational procedures and require additional equipment on board helicopter air ambulances. Many of these proposed requirements currently are found in agency guidance publications and would address National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) safety recommendations. Some of these safety concerns are not unique to the helicopter air ambulance industry and affect all commercial helicopter operations. Accordingly, the FAA also is proposing to amend regulations pertaining to all commercial helicopter operations conducted under part 135 to include equipment requirements, pilot training, and alternate airport weather minima. The changes are intended to provide certificate holders and pilots with additional tools and procedures that will aid in preventing accidents.

Conceptual Design and Performance Analysis for a Large Civil Compound Helicopter

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Russell, Carl; Johnson, Wayne

2012-01-01

A conceptual design study of a large civil compound helicopter is presented. The objective is to determine how a compound helicopter performs when compared to both a conventional helicopter and a tiltrotor using a design mission that is shorter than optimal for a tiltrotor and longer than optimal for a helicopter. The designs are generated and analyzed using conceptual design software and are further evaluated with a comprehensive rotorcraft analysis code. Multiple metrics are used to determine the suitability of each design for the given mission. Plots of various trade studies and parameter sweeps as well as comprehensive analysis results are presented. The results suggest that the compound helicopter examined for this study would not be competitive with a tiltrotor or conventional helicopter, but multiple possibilities are identified for improving the performance of the compound helicopter in future research.

Development of helicopter attitude axes controlled hover flight without pilot assistance and vehicle crashes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Simon, Miguel

In this work, we show how to computerize a helicopter to fly attitude axes controlled hover flight without the assistance of a pilot and without ever crashing. We start by developing a helicopter research test bed system including all hardware, software, and means for testing and training the helicopter to fly by computer. We select a Remote Controlled helicopter with a 5 ft. diameter rotor and 2.2 hp engine. We equip the helicopter with a payload of sensors, computers, navigation and telemetry equipment, and batteries. We develop a differential GPS system with cm accuracy and a ground computerized navigation system for six degrees of freedom (6-DoF) free flight while tracking navigation commands. We design feedback control loops with yet-to-be-determined gains for the five control "knobs" available to a flying radio-controlled (RC) miniature helicopter: engine throttle, main rotor collective pitch, longitudinal cyclic pitch, lateral cyclic pitch, and tail rotor collective pitch. We develop helicopter flight equations using fundamental dynamics, helicopter momentum theory and blade element theory. The helicopter flight equations include helicopter rotor equations of motions, helicopter rotor forces and moments, helicopter trim equations, helicopter stability derivatives, and a coupled fuselage-rotor helicopter 6-DoF model. The helicopter simulation also includes helicopter engine control equations, a helicopter aerodynamic model, and finally helicopter stability and control equations. The derivation of a set of non-linear equations of motion for the main rotor is a contribution of this thesis work. We design and build two special test stands for training and testing the helicopter to fly attitude axes controlled hover flight, starting with one axis at a time and progressing to multiple axes. The first test stand is built for teaching and testing controlled flight of elevation and yaw (i.e., directional control). The second test stand is built for teaching and testing any one or combination of the following attitude axes controlled flight: (1) pitch, (2) roll and (3) yaw. The subsequent development of a novel method to decouple, stabilize and teach the helicopter hover flight is a primary contribution of this thesis. The novel method included the development of a non-linear modeling technique for linearizing the RPM state equation dynamics so that a simple but accurate transfer function is derivable between the "available torque of the engine" and RPM. Specifically, the main rotor and tail rotor torques are modeled accurately with a bias term plus a nonlinear term involving the product of RPM squared times the main rotor blade pitch angle raised to the three-halves power. Application of this non-linear modeling technique resulted in a simple, representative and accurate transfer function model of the open-loop plant for the entire helicopter system so that all the feedback control laws for autonomous flight purposes could be derived easily using classical control theory. This is one of the contributions of this dissertation work. After discussing the integration of hardware and software elements of our helicopter research test bed system, we perform a number of experiments and tests using the two specially built test stands. Feedback gains are derived for controlling the following: (1) engine throttle to maintain prescribed main rotor angular speed, (2) main rotor collective pitch to maintain constant elevation, (3) longitudinal cyclic pitch to maintain prescribed pitch angle, (4) lateral cyclic pitch to maintain prescribed roll angle, and (5) yaw axis to maintain prescribed compass direction. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

Noise characteristics of eight helicopters

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1977-07-01

This report describes the noise characteristics of Eight Helicopters during level flyovers, simulated approaches, and hover. The data was obtained during an FAA/DOT Helicopter Noise Program to acquire a data base for possible helicopter noise regulat...

Dynamic stability of a helicopter with hinged rotor blades

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hohenemser, K

1939-01-01

The present report is a study of the dynamic stability of a helicopter with hinged rotor blades under hovering conditions. While in this case perfect stability can in general not be obtained it is possible by means of design features to prolong the period of the spontaneous oscillations of the helicopter and reduce their amplification, and so approximately assure neutral equilibrium. The possibility of controlled stability of a helicopter fitted with hinged blades is proved by the successful flights of various helicopters, particularly of the Focker FW61 helicopter.

The Mescalero Apaches. The Civilization of the American Indian Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sonnichsen, C. L.

The history of the Eastern Apache tribe called the Mescaleros is one of hardship and oppression altering with wars of revenge. They were friendly to the Spaniard until victimized by them. They were also friendly to the white man until they were betrayed again. For three hundred years they fought the Spaniards and Mexicans. For forty more they…

25 CFR 183.9 - Can the Tribe request the principal of the Lease Fund?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Can the Tribe request the principal of the Lease Fund... AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Lease Fund Disposition Use of Principal and Income § 183.9 Can the Tribe request the...

A Photographic Essay of Apache Clothing, War Charms, and Weapons, Volume 2-Part D.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Doris; Jacobs, Ben

As part of a series of guides designed for instruction of American Indian children and youth, this resource guide constitutes a pictorial essay on Apache clothing, war charms, and weaponry. A brief historical introduction is followed by 21 question suggestions for classroom use. Each of the 12 photographic topics is accompanied by a descriptive…

Use of saltcedar vegetation by landbirds migrating through the Bosque Del Apache National Wildlife Refuge

Treesearch

Jeffrey F. Kelly; Deborah M. Finch

1999-01-01

We compared diversity, abundance and energetic condition of migrant landbirds captured in four different vegetation types in the Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge. We found lower species diversity among migrants caught in exotic saltcedar vegetation than in native willow or cottonwood. In general, Migrants were most abundant in agricultural edge and least...

The Apache Campaigns. Values in Conflict

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-06-01

cultural aspects as land use, property ownership, criminal justice, re- ligious faith, and family and group loyalty differed sharply. Conceptual...and emphasized the primary importance of family and group loyalties. Initially, the Apache and Frontier Army co-habited the Southwest peacefully. Then...guidance during my research and writing this year. For intellectual stim- ulation and timely encouragement, I particularly thank my Committee Chairman

Fallugia paradoxa (D. Don) Endl. ex Torr.: Apache-plume

Treesearch

Susan E. Meyer

2008-01-01

The genus Fallugia contains a single species - Apache-plume, F. paradoxa (D. Don) Endl. ex Torr. - found throughout the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. It occurs mostly on coarse soils on benches and especially along washes and canyons in both warm and cool desert shrub communities and up into the pinyon-juniper vegetation type. It is a sprawling, much-...

Restoration of Soldier Spring: an isolated habitat for native Apache trout

Treesearch

Jonathan W. Long; B. Mae Burnette; Alvin L. Medina; Joshua L. Parker

2004-01-01

Degradation of streams is a threat to the recovery of the Apache trout, an endemic fish of the White Mountains of Arizona. Historic efforts to improve trout habitat in the Southwest relied heavily on placement of in-stream log structures. However, the effects of structural interventions on trout habitat and populations have not been adequately evaluated. We treated an...

Solar Feasibility Study May 2013 - San Carlos Apache Tribe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rapp, Jim; Duncan, Ken; Albert, Steve

2013-05-01

The San Carlos Apache Tribe (Tribe) in the interests of strengthening tribal sovereignty, becoming more energy self-sufficient, and providing improved services and economic opportunities to tribal members and San Carlos Apache Reservation (Reservation) residents and businesses, has explored a variety of options for renewable energy development. The development of renewable energy technologies and generation is consistent with the Tribe’s 2011 Strategic Plan. This Study assessed the possibilities for both commercial-scale and community-scale solar development within the southwestern portions of the Reservation around the communities of San Carlos, Peridot, and Cutter, and in the southeastern Reservation around the community of Bylas.more » Based on the lack of any commercial-scale electric power transmission between the Reservation and the regional transmission grid, Phase 2 of this Study greatly expanded consideration of community-scale options. Three smaller sites (Point of Pines, Dudleyville/Winkleman, and Seneca Lake) were also evaluated for community-scale solar potential. Three building complexes were identified within the Reservation where the development of site-specific facility-scale solar power would be the most beneficial and cost-effective: Apache Gold Casino/Resort, Tribal College/Skill Center, and the Dudleyville (Winkleman) Casino.« less

Helicopter noise analysis : round-robin test

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1981-08-01

This report documents the results of an international round robin test on the analysis of helicopter noise. Digital spectral noise data of a 3.5-second simulated helicopter flyover and identical analog test tapes containing helicopter noise data, ref...

Prehospital airway management on rescue helicopters in the United Kingdom.

PubMed

Schmid, M; Mang, H; Ey, K; Schüttler, J

2009-06-01

Adequate equipment is one prerequisite for advanced, out of hospital, airway management. There are no data on current availability of airway equipment on UK rescue helicopters. An internet search revealed all UK rescue helicopters, and a questionnaire was sent to the bases asking for available airway management items. We identified 27 helicopter bases and 26 (96%) sent the questionnaire back. Twenty-four bases (92%) had at least one supraglottic airway device; 16 (62%) helicopters had material for establishing a surgical airway (e.g. a cricothyroidotomy set); 88% of the helicopters had CO(2) detection; 25 (96%) helicopters carried automatic ventilators; among these, four (15%) had sophisticated ventilators and seven (27%) helicopters carried special face masks suitable for non-invasive ventilation. We found a wide variation in the advanced airway management equipment that was carried routinely on air ambulances. Current guidelines for airway management are not met by all UK air ambulances.

A NASA helicopter returns to PAFB after being painted

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

At S.R. 3 a NASA helicopter returns to Patrick Air Force Base. The helicopter is one of four UH-1H helicopters that have had its blades painted, changing the previous black color to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control.

A NASA helicopter lifts off from KSC after being painted

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

At S.R. 3 a NASA helicopter lifts off to return to Patrick Air Force Base. The helicopter is one of four UH-1H helicopters that have had its blades painted, changing the previous black color to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control.

A NASA helicopter arrives at KSC for painting

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

The pilot of the NASA helicopter secures the rotary blade before the helicopter's transfer to Ransom Road at KSC. It is one of four UH-1H helicopters that will have its blades painted, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control.

Change Detection of Mobile LIDAR Data Using Cloud Computing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Kun; Boehm, Jan; Alis, Christian

2016-06-01

Change detection has long been a challenging problem although a lot of research has been conducted in different fields such as remote sensing and photogrammetry, computer vision, and robotics. In this paper, we blend voxel grid and Apache Spark together to propose an efficient method to address the problem in the context of big data. Voxel grid is a regular geometry representation consisting of the voxels with the same size, which fairly suites parallel computation. Apache Spark is a popular distributed parallel computing platform which allows fault tolerance and memory cache. These features can significantly enhance the performance of Apache Spark and results in an efficient and robust implementation. In our experiments, both synthetic and real point cloud data are employed to demonstrate the quality of our method.

78 FR 47531 - Airworthiness Directives; Various Restricted Category Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-06

... Technology, Inc.; Hagglund Helicopters, LLC (previously Western International Aviation, Inc.); International.... This AD requires creating a component history card or equivalent record for each main rotor grip (grip....); California Department of Forestry; Garlick Helicopters, Inc.; Global Helicopter Technology, Inc.; Hagglund...

Study of the Army Helicopter Design Hover Criterion Using Temperature and Pressure Altitude

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-09-01

the Advanced Scout Helicopter Special Study Group reexamined the design point requirement. They recommended increasing the design point pressure...other combinations group between these two extremes. Ultimately, the design point for a helicopter has to be determined by the user of the...helicopter designs . 6. References Aviation Agency. 1972. “Heavy Lift Helicopter (HLH) Concept Formulation Study (U)”, Action Control Number 2958

The effect of a helicopter on DC fields and ions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Harris, E.L.; Rindall, B.D.; Tarko, N.J.

1993-10-01

When a plan was initiated to utilize a helicopter to perform work on an energized, high voltage dc transmission line by bonding the helicopter to the conductor, it was necessary to determine what effect, if any, the helicopter would have on the dc fields and ions. In addition, it was necessary to determine the possible effect on helicopter instrumentation and communications. A test site and research facility at Lundar, Manitoba, Canada, provided the ideal location for making these tests. As a result, the information obtained determined that a helicopter-airborne platform could safely be used to perform the work.

Optimization process in helicopter design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Logan, A. H.; Banerjee, D.

1984-01-01

In optimizing a helicopter configuration, Hughes Helicopters uses a program called Computer Aided Sizing of Helicopters (CASH), written and updated over the past ten years, and used as an important part of the preliminary design process of the AH-64. First, measures of effectiveness must be supplied to define the mission characteristics of the helicopter to be designed. Then CASH allows the designer to rapidly and automatically develop the basic size of the helicopter (or other rotorcraft) for the given mission. This enables the designer and management to assess the various tradeoffs and to quickly determine the optimum configuration.

Back symptoms in aviators flying different aircraft.

PubMed

Grossman, Alon; Nakdimon, Idan; Chapnik, Leah; Levy, Yuval

2012-07-01

Back pain is a common complaint among military aviators of various aircraft. We attempted to define the epidemiologic characteristics of this complaint in military aviators of the Israeli Air Force. Aviators of various aircraft (fighter, attack helicopter, utility helicopter, and transport and cargo) completed 566 questionnaires. The questionnaires included various demographic variables as well as questions specifically addressing type of aircraft, location, and severity of pain. Questionnaires were analyzed according to aircraft type, weekly and total number of flight hours. Back pain was significantly more common among utility and attack helicopter pilots. Compared with only 64.02% of fighter pilots, 89.38% of utility and 74.55% of attack helicopter pilots reported some degree of back pain. Cervical region pain was more common among fighter pilots (47.2%) and utility helicopter pilots (47.3%) compared with attack helicopter (36.4%) and transport (22.3%) pilots. Cervical region pain of moderate-severe degree was more common among utility helicopter pilots (7.1%). Mid and low back pain at all degrees of severity were more common among helicopter pilots. A significant proportion of subjects suffered from pain in multiple regions, particularly among utility helicopter pilots (32.74%). Severity of pain was graded higher in all three regions (cervical, mid, and lower back) in utility helicopter pilots. Utility helicopter pilots have more prevalent and more severe back pain than pilots of other platforms. Yet, it is difficult to make a clear association between type of aircraft and the region of back pain.

77 FR 54796 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-06

... Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT... France Model AS350 helicopters. This AD requires installing protection sleeves over certain forward... helicopters have been approved by the aviation authority of France and are approved for operation in the...

77 FR 44118 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-27

... Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA... airworthiness directive (AD) for Eurocopter France (Eurocopter) Model EC155B1 helicopters with a certain... Determination These helicopters have been approved by the aviation authority of France and are approved for...

77 FR 5994 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-07

... Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA... airworthiness directive (AD) for all Eurocopter France EC130B4 helicopters that have not had Eurocopter... actions. FAA's Determination These helicopters have been approved by the aviation authority of France and...

Helicopter Control Energy Reduction Using Moving Horizontal Tail

PubMed Central

Oktay, Tugrul; Sal, Firat

2015-01-01

Helicopter moving horizontal tail (i.e., MHT) strategy is applied in order to save helicopter flight control system (i.e., FCS) energy. For this intention complex, physics-based, control-oriented nonlinear helicopter models are used. Equations of MHT are integrated into these models and they are together linearized around straight level flight condition. A specific variance constrained control strategy, namely, output variance constrained Control (i.e., OVC) is utilized for helicopter FCS. Control energy savings due to this MHT idea with respect to a conventional helicopter are calculated. Parameters of helicopter FCS and dimensions of MHT are simultaneously optimized using a stochastic optimization method, namely, simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (i.e., SPSA). In order to observe improvement in behaviors of classical controls closed loop analyses are done. PMID:26180841

A NASA helicopter is prepared for return to PAFB after being painted

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

At S.R. 3 a pilot prepares a NASA helicopter for a return flight to Patrick Air Force Base. The helicopter is one of four UH-1H helicopters that have had its blades painted, changing the previous black color to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control.

Optimal landing of a helicopter in autorotation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, A. Y. N.

1985-01-01

Gliding descent in autorotation is a maneuver used by helicopter pilots in case of engine failure. The landing of a helicopter in autorotation is formulated as a nonlinear optimal control problem. The OH-58A helicopter was used. Helicopter vertical and horizontal velocities, vertical and horizontal displacement, and the rotor angle speed were modeled. An empirical approximation for the induced veloctiy in the vortex-ring state were provided. The cost function of the optimal control problem is a weighted sum of the squared horizontal and vertical components of the helicopter velocity at touchdown. Optimal trajectories are calculated for entry conditions well within the horizontal-vertical restriction curve, with the helicopter initially in hover or forwared flight. The resultant two-point boundary value problem with path equality constraints was successfully solved using the Sequential Gradient Restoration Technique.

25 CFR 183.10 - How can the Tribe use income from the Lease Fund?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false How can the Tribe use income from the Lease Fund? 183.10... DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Lease Fund Disposition Use of Principal and Income § 183.10 How can the Tribe use income from the Lease Fund...

Statement of Hubert Velarde, Jicarilla Apache Tribe to United States Commission on Civil Rights at Albuquerque Convention Center (Albuquerque, New Mexico, November 14, 1972).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Velarde, Hubert

The statement by the President of the Jicarilla Apache Tribe emphasizes reservation problems that need to be examined. Presented at a 1972 Civil Rights Commission hearing on Indian Concerns, Velarde's statement listed employment, education, the administration of justice, water rights, and medical services as areas for investigation. (KM)

Maryland's Helicopter Emergency Medical Services Experience From 2001 to 2011: System Improvements and Patients' Outcomes.

PubMed

Hirshon, Jon Mark; Galvagno, Samuel M; Comer, Angela; Millin, Michael G; Floccare, Douglas J; Alcorta, Richard L; Lawner, Benjamin J; Margolis, Asa M; Nable, Jose V; Bass, Robert R

2016-03-01

Helicopter emergency medical services (EMS) has become a well-established component of modern trauma systems. It is an expensive, limited resource with potential safety concerns. Helicopter EMS activation criteria intended to increase efficiency and reduce inappropriate use remain elusive and difficult to measure. This study evaluates the effect of statewide field trauma triage changes on helicopter EMS use and patient outcomes. Data were extracted from the helicopter EMS computer-aided dispatch database for in-state scene flights and from the state Trauma Registry for all trauma patients directly admitted from the scene or transferred to trauma centers from July 1, 2000, to June 30, 2011. Computer-aided dispatch flights were analyzed for periods corresponding to field triage protocol modifications intended to improve system efficiency. Outcomes were separately analyzed for trauma registry patients by mode of transport. The helicopter EMS computer-aided dispatch data set included 44,073 transports. There was a statewide decrease in helicopter EMS usage for trauma patients of 55.9%, differentially affecting counties closer to trauma centers. The Trauma Registry data set included 182,809 patients (37,407 helicopter transports, 128,129 ambulance transports, and 17,273 transfers). There was an increase of 21% in overall annual EMS scene trauma patients transported; ground transports increased by 33%, whereas helicopter EMS transports decreased by 49%. Helicopter EMS patient acuity increased, with an attendant increase in patient mortality. However, when standardized with W statistics, both helicopter EMS- and ground-transported trauma patients showed sustained improvement in mortality. Modifications to state protocols were associated with decreased helicopter EMS use and overall improved trauma patient outcomes. Copyright © 2015 American College of Emergency Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The making of helicopters: its strategic implications for EMS helicopter operations.

PubMed

Thomas, F

1998-01-01

The purpose of this article is to provide EMS helicopter personnel with an understanding of the civil helicopter manufacturing industry. Specifically, this article examines the current helicopter marketplace and how various manufactures are responding to the recent decline in new helicopter sales. This article further describes how helicopters are designed and manufactured and how global markets, international competition, and strategic considerations are influencing future helicopter design and production. Data for this paper were obtained from a literature search through the ABI-inform Telnet Services offered through the University of Utah Marriott Library. On a search of "helicopter" during the past 5 years, 566 abstracts were identified, all of which were reviewed for information related to the purpose of this article. Forty-seven articles were identified and read in detail for information that may have related to the purpose of this article. In addition, a library search to identify textbooks that describe helicopter production systems was undertaken but did not identify any written resources. Because of the lack of written resources available in writing this article, a direct interview survey of leading helicopter manufactures, associations, and industry writers was conducted. Only information that was considered "public knowledge" was available because of concerns by the various manufactures that publication of confidential information could be detrimental to their competitive advantage. Because helicopter-manufacturing plants were not located within easy travel range, no direct observation of the production facilities could be undertaken. Furthermore, information regarding production and operational management was not easily accessible because the data were not published or were considered confidential. Therefore industry analysis had to take place through direct survey interviewing technique and data obtained through an analysis of the available published data.

A review of US Army aircrew-aircraft integration research programs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Key, D. C.; Aiken, E. W.

1984-01-01

If the U.S. Army's desire to develop a one crew version of the Light Helicopter Family (LHX) helicopter is to be realized, both flightpath management and mission management will have to be performed by one crew. Flightpath management, the helicopter pilot, and the handling qualities of the helicopter were discussed. In addition, mission management, the helicopter pilot, and pilot control/display interface were considered. Aircrew-aircraft integration plans and programs were reviewed.

46 CFR 108.241 - Visual aids.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Construction and Arrangement Helicopter Facilities § 108.241 Visual aids. (a) Each helicopter deck must— (1) Have a wind direction indicator located in an unobstructed area readily visible to helicopter pilots... considering deck configuration, helicopter type, and operational requirements. (b) All markings must be in a...

46 CFR 108.241 - Visual aids.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Construction and Arrangement Helicopter Facilities § 108.241 Visual aids. (a) Each helicopter deck must— (1) Have a wind direction indicator located in an unobstructed area readily visible to helicopter pilots... considering deck configuration, helicopter type, and operational requirements. (b) All markings must be in a...

46 CFR 108.241 - Visual aids.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Construction and Arrangement Helicopter Facilities § 108.241 Visual aids. (a) Each helicopter deck must— (1) Have a wind direction indicator located in an unobstructed area readily visible to helicopter pilots... considering deck configuration, helicopter type, and operational requirements. (b) All markings must be in a...

29 CFR 1910.183 - Helicopters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 5 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Helicopters. 1910.183 Section 1910.183 Labor Regulations... OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS Materials Handling and Storage § 1910.183 Helicopters. (a) [Reserved...) Housekeeping. Good housekeeping shall be maintained in all helicopter loading and unloading areas. (h) Load...

29 CFR 1910.183 - Helicopters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 5 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Helicopters. 1910.183 Section 1910.183 Labor Regulations... OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS Materials Handling and Storage § 1910.183 Helicopters. (a) [Reserved...) Housekeeping. Good housekeeping shall be maintained in all helicopter loading and unloading areas. (h) Load...

29 CFR 1910.183 - Helicopters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 5 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Helicopters. 1910.183 Section 1910.183 Labor Regulations... OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS Materials Handling and Storage § 1910.183 Helicopters. (a) [Reserved...) Housekeeping. Good housekeeping shall be maintained in all helicopter loading and unloading areas. (h) Load...

46 CFR 108.241 - Visual aids.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Construction and Arrangement Helicopter Facilities § 108.241 Visual aids. (a) Each helicopter deck must— (1) Have a wind direction indicator located in an unobstructed area readily visible to helicopter pilots... considering deck configuration, helicopter type, and operational requirements. (b) All markings must be in a...

46 CFR 108.241 - Visual aids.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Construction and Arrangement Helicopter Facilities § 108.241 Visual aids. (a) Each helicopter deck must— (1) Have a wind direction indicator located in an unobstructed area readily visible to helicopter pilots... considering deck configuration, helicopter type, and operational requirements. (b) All markings must be in a...

78 FR 15277 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-11

... AD are intended to prevent an uncommanded landing gear retraction that would cause the helicopter... requirements were intended to prevent an uncommanded landing gear retraction that would cause the helicopter... have caused untimely retraction of the main landing gear, causing helicopters to sink, resulting in...

General equilibrium characteristics of a dual-lift helicopter system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cicolani, L. S.; Kanning, G.

1986-01-01

The equilibrium characteristics of a dual-lift helicopter system are examined. The system consists of the cargo attached by cables to the endpoints of a spreader bar which is suspended by cables below two helicopters. Results are given for the orientation angles of the suspension system and its internal forces, and for the helicopter thrust vector requirements under general circumstances, including nonidentical helicopters, any accelerating or static equilibrium reference flight condition, any system heading relative to the flight direction, and any distribution of the load to the two helicopters. Optimum tether angles which minimize the sum of the required thrust magnitudes are also determined. The analysis does not consider the attitude degrees of freedom of the load and helicopters in detail, but assumes that these bodies are stable, and that their aerodynamic forces in equilibrium flight can be determined independently as functions of the reference trajectory. The ranges of these forces for sample helicopters and loads are examined and their effects on the equilibrium characteristics are given parametrically in the results.

Lessons learned from the aeromedical disaster relief activities following the great East Japan earthquake.

PubMed

Matsumoto, Hisashi; Motomura, Tomokazu; Hara, Yoshiaki; Masuda, Yukiko; Mashiko, Kunihiro; Yokota, Hiroyuki; Koido, Yuichi

2013-04-01

Since 2001, a Japanese national project has developed a helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) system ("doctor-helicopter") and a central Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) composed of mobile and trained medical teams for rapid deployment during the response phase of a disaster. In Japan, the DMAT Research Group has focused on command and control of doctor-helicopters in future disasters. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of such planning, as well as the problems encountered in deploying the doctor-helicopter fleet with DMAT members following the March 11, 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. This study was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of aeromedical disaster relief activities following the Great East Japan Earthquake and to evaluate the assembly and operations of 15 doctor-helicopter teams dispatched for patient evacuation with medical support. Fifteen DMATs from across Japan were deployed from March 11th through March 13th to work out of two doctor-helicopter base hospitals. The dispatch center at each base hospital directed its own doctor-helicopter fleet under the command of DMAT headquarters to transport seriously injured or ill patients out of hospitals located in the disaster area. Disaster Medical Assistance Teams transported 149 patients using the doctor-helicopters during the first five days after the earthquake. The experiences and problems encountered point to the need for DMATs to maintain direct control over 1) communication between DMAT headquarters and dispatch centers; 2) information management concerning patient transportation; and 3) operation of the doctor-helicopter fleet during relief activities. As there is no rule of prioritization for doctor-helicopters to refuel ahead of other rotorcraft, many doctor-helicopters had to wait in line to refuel. The "doctor-helicopter fleet" concept was vital to Japan's disaster medical assistance and rescue activities. The smooth and immediate dispatch of the doctor-helicopter fleet must occur under the direct control of the DMAT, independent from local government authority. Such a command and control system for dispatching the doctor-helicopter fleet is strongly recommended, and collaboration with local government authorities concerning refueling priority should be addressed.

Spatial correlations of Diceroprocta apache and its host plants: Evidence for a negative impact from Tamarix invasion

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ellingson, A.R.; Andersen, D.C.

2002-01-01

1. The hypothesis that the habitat-scale spatial distribution of the, Apache cicada Diceroprocta apache Davis is unaffected by the presence of the invasive exotic saltcedar Tamarix ramosissima was tested using data from 205 1-m2 quadrats placed within the flood-plain of the Bill Williams River, Arizona, U.S.A. Spatial dependencies within and between cicada density and habitat variables were estimated using Moran's I and its bivariate analogue to discern patterns and associations at spatial scales from 1 to 30 m. 2. Apache cicadas were spatially aggregated in high-density clusters averaging 3m in diameter. A positive association between cicada density, estimated by exuvial density, and the per cent canopy cover of a native tree, Goodding's willow Salix gooddingii, was detected in a non-spatial correlation analysis. No non-spatial association between cicada density and saltcedar canopy cover was detected. 3. Tests for spatial cross-correlation using the bivariate IYZ indicated the presence of a broad-scale negative association between cicada density and saltcedar canopy cover. This result suggests that large continuous stands of saltcedar are associated with reduced cicada density. In contrast, positive associations detected at spatial scales larger than individual quadrats suggested a spill-over of high cicada density from areas featuring Goodding's willow canopy into surrounding saltcedar monoculture. 4. Taken together and considered in light of the Apache cicada's polyphagous habits, the observed spatial patterns suggest that broad-scale factors such as canopy heterogeneity affect cicada habitat use more than host plant selection. This has implications for management of lower Colorado River riparian woodlands to promote cicada presence and density through maintenance or creation of stands of native trees as well as manipulation of the characteristically dense and homogeneous saltcedar canopies.

Spatial correlations of Diceroprocta apache and its host plants: Evidence for a negative impact from Tamarix invasion

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ellingson, A.R.; Andersen, D.C.

2002-01-01

1. The hypothesis that the habitat-scale spatial distribution of the Apache cicada Diceroprocta apache Davis is unaffected by the presence of the invasive exotic saltcedar Tamarix ramosissima was tested using data from 205 1-m2 quadrats placed within the flood-plain of the Bill Williams River, Arizona, U.S.A. Spatial dependencies within and between cicada density and habitat variables were estimated using Moran's I and its bivariate analogue to discern patterns and associations at spatial scales from 1 to 30 m.2. Apache cicadas were spatially aggregated in high-density clusters averaging 3 m in diameter. A positive association between cicada density, estimated by exuvial density, and the per cent canopy cover of a native tree, Goodding's willow Salix gooddingii, was detected in a non-spatial correlation analysis. No non-spatial association between cicada density and saltcedar canopy cover was detected.3. Tests for spatial cross-correlation using the bivariate IYZ indicated the presence of a broad-scale negative association between cicada density and saltcedar canopy cover. This result suggests that large continuous stands of saltcedar are associated with reduced cicada density. In contrast, positive associations detected at spatial scales larger than individual quadrats suggested a spill-over of high cicada density from areas featuring Goodding's willow canopy into surrounding saltcedar monoculture.4. Taken together and considered in light of the Apache cicada's polyphagous habits, the observed spatial patterns suggest that broad-scale factors such as canopy heterogeneity affect cicada habitat use more than host plant selection. This has implications for management of lower Colorado River riparian woodlands to promote cicada presence and density through maintenance or creation of stands of native trees as well as manipulation of the characteristically dense and homogeneous saltcedar canopies.

Validation of the LOD score compared with APACHE II score in prediction of the hospital outcome in critically ill patients.

PubMed

Khwannimit, Bodin

2008-01-01

The Logistic Organ Dysfunction score (LOD) is an organ dysfunction score that can predict hospital mortality. The aim of this study was to validate the performance of the LOD score compared with the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score in a mixed intensive care unit (ICU) at a tertiary referral university hospital in Thailand. The data were collected prospectively on consecutive ICU admissions over a 24 month period from July1, 2004 until June 30, 2006. Discrimination was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). The calibration was assessed by the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit H statistic. The overall fit of the model was evaluated by the Brier's score. Overall, 1,429 patients were enrolled during the study period. The mortality in the ICU was 20.9% and in the hospital was 27.9%. The median ICU and hospital lengths of stay were 3 and 18 days, respectively, for all patients. Both models showed excellent discrimination. The AUROC for the LOD and APACHE II were 0.860 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.838-0.882] and 0.898 (95% Cl = 0.879-0.917), respectively. The LOD score had perfect calibration with the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit H chi-2 = 10 (p = 0.44). However, the APACHE II had poor calibration with the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit H chi-2 = 75.69 (p < 0.001). Brier's score showed the overall fit for both models were 0.123 (95%Cl = 0.107-0.141) and 0.114 (0.098-0.132) for the LOD and APACHE II, respectively. Thus, the LOD score was found to be accurate for predicting hospital mortality for general critically ill patients in Thailand.

Validation of APACHE II scoring system at 24 hours after admission as a prognostic tool in urosepsis: A prospective observational study.

PubMed

VijayGanapathy, Sundaramoorthy; Karthikeyan, VIlvapathy Senguttuvan; Sreenivas, Jayaram; Mallya, Ashwin; Keshavamurthy, Ramaiah

2017-11-01

Urosepsis implies clinically evident severe infection of urinary tract with features of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). We validate the role of a single Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score at 24 hours after admission in predicting mortality in urosepsis. A prospective observational study was done in 178 patients admitted with urosepsis in the Department of Urology, in a tertiary care institute from January 2015 to August 2016. Patients >18 years diagnosed as urosepsis using SIRS criteria with positive urine or blood culture for bacteria were included. At 24 hours after admission to intensive care unit, APACHE II score was calculated using 12 physiological variables, age and chronic health. Mean±standard deviation (SD) APACHE II score was 26.03±7.03. It was 24.31±6.48 in survivors and 32.39±5.09 in those expired (p<0.001). Among patients undergoing surgery, mean±SD score was higher (30.74±4.85) than among survivors (24.30±6.54) (p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed area under curve (AUC) of 0.825 with cutoff 25.5 being 94.7% sensitive and 56.4% specific to predict mortality. Mean±SD score in those undergoing surgery was 25.22±6.70 and was lesser than those who did not undergo surgery (28.44±7.49) (p=0.007). ROC analysis revealed AUC of 0.760 with cutoff 25.5 being 94.7% sensitive and 45.6% specific to predict mortality even after surgery. A single APACHE II score assessed at 24 hours after admission was able to predict morbidity, mortality, need for surgical intervention, length of hospitalization, treatment success and outcome in urosepsis patients.

Mortality of adult intensive care units in Turkey using the APACHE II and SOFA systems (outcome assessment in Turkish intensive care units).

PubMed

Kaymak, Cetin; Sencan, Irfan; Izdes, Seval; Sari, Aydin; Yagmurdur, Hatice; Karadas, Derya; Oztuna, Derya

2018-04-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate intensive care unit (ICU) performance using risk-adjusted ICU mortality rates nationally, assessing patients who died or had been discharged from the ICU. For this purpose, this study analyzed the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) databases, containing detailed clinical and physiological information and mortality of mixed critically ill patients in a medical ICU at secondary and tertiary referral ICUs in Turkey. A total of 690 adult intensive care units in Turkey were included in the study. Among 690 ICUs evaluated, 39.7% were secondary and 60.3% were tertiary ICUs. A total of 4188 patients were enrolled in this study. Intensive care units of ministry, university, and private hospitals were evaluated all over Turkey. During the study period, clinical data that were collected concurrently for each patient contained demographic details and the diagnostic category leading to ICU admission. APACHE II and SOFA scores following ICU admission were calculated and recorded. Patients were followed up for outcome data until death or ICU discharge. The mean age of patients was 68.8 ±19 and 54% of them were male. The mean APACHE II score was 20 ±8.7. The ICUs' mortality rate was 46.3%, and mean predicted mortality was 37.2% for APACHE II. The standardized mortality ratio was 1.28 (95% confidence interval: 1.21-1.31). There was a wide difference in outcome for patients admitted to different ICUs and severity of illness using risk adjustment methods. The high mortality rate in patients could be related to comorbid diseases, high mechanical ventilation rates and older ages.

Prognostic scores in cirrhotic patients admitted to a gastroenterology intensive care unit.

PubMed

Freire, Paulo; Romãozinho, José M; Amaro, Pedro; Ferreira, Manuela; Sofia, Carlos

2011-04-01

prognostic scores have been validated in cirrhotic patients admitted to general Intensive Care Units. No assessment of these scores was performed in cirrhotics admitted to specialized Gastroenterology Intensive Care Units (GICUs). to assess the prognostic accuracy of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) and Child-Pugh-Turcotte (CPT) in predicting GICU mortality in cirrhotic patients. the study involved 124 consecutive cirrhotic admissions to a GICU. Clinical data, prognostic scores and mortality were recorded. Discrimination was evaluated with area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC). Calibration was assessed with Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. GICU mortality was 9.7%. Mean APACHE II, SAPS II, SOFA, MELD and CPT scores for survivors (13.6, 25.4, 3.5,18.0 and 8.6, respectively) were found to be significantly lower than those of non-survivors (22.0, 47.5, 10.1, 30.7 and 12.5,respectively) (p < 0.001). All the prognostic systems showed good discrimination, with AUC = 0.860, 0.911, 0.868, 0.897 and 0.914 for APACHE II, SAPS II, SOFA, MELD and CPT, respectively. Similarly, APACHE II, SAPS II, SOFA, MELD and CPT scores achieved good calibration, with p = 0.146, 0.120, 0.686,0.267 and 0.120, respectively. The overall correctness of prediction was 81.9%, 86.1%, 93.3%, 90.7% and 87.7% for the APA-CHE II, SAPS II, SOFA, MELD and CPT scores, respectively. in cirrhotics admitted to a GICU, all the tested scores have good prognostic accuracy, with SOFA and MELD showing the greatest overall correctness of prediction.

Toward the silent helicopter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lewy, Serge; Marze, Henri-James

The development of a 'silent helicopter' program in Europe, whose aim would be noise reduction for both commercial and military helicopters over the next five years, is discussed. Attention is given to acoustic constraints for helicopters and to noise reduction techniques (with particular reference to the main rotor, the rear rotor, and the engines). For commercial helicopters, the noise reduction over the next five years is projected to be at least down to 6 dB below the OACI norms; for military helicopters, the aim is a variable-frequency signature in near-tactical-flight conditions, with a factor-of-two reduction in the maximum impulsivity in the far field.

46 CFR 132.320 - Helicopter-landing decks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Helicopter-landing decks. 132.320 Section 132.320 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS FIRE-PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Miscellaneous § 132.320 Helicopter-landing decks. Each vessel with a helicopter-landing deck must...

46 CFR 132.320 - Helicopter-landing decks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Helicopter-landing decks. 132.320 Section 132.320 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS FIRE-PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Miscellaneous § 132.320 Helicopter-landing decks. Each vessel with a helicopter-landing deck must...

77 FR 56581 - Airworthiness Directives; Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-13

... HEC, in this model helicopter that now meets the Category A performance standard. DATES: We must... airworthiness directive (AD) for the Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation (Sikorsky) Model S-92A helicopter, which... external load operations, including human external cargo (HEC), because this model helicopter was not...

14 CFR 135.271 - Helicopter hospital emergency medical evacuation service (HEMES).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Helicopter hospital emergency medical....271 Helicopter hospital emergency medical evacuation service (HEMES). (a) No certificate holder may... certificate holder may assign a helicopter flight crewmember, and no flight crewmember may accept an...

14 CFR 27.87 - Height-speed envelope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... selected by the applicant for each altitude covered by paragraph (a)(1) of this section. For helicopters...— (1) For single-engine helicopters, full autorotation; (2) For multiengine helicopters, OEI (where... altitude or the maximum altitude capability of the helicopter, whichever is less, and (3) For other...

46 CFR 132.320 - Helicopter-landing decks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Helicopter-landing decks. 132.320 Section 132.320 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS FIRE-PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Miscellaneous § 132.320 Helicopter-landing decks. Each vessel with a helicopter-landing deck must...

14 CFR 27.87 - Height-speed envelope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... selected by the applicant for each altitude covered by paragraph (a)(1) of this section. For helicopters...— (1) For single-engine helicopters, full autorotation; (2) For multiengine helicopters, OEI (where... altitude or the maximum altitude capability of the helicopter, whichever is less, and (3) For other...

14 CFR 135.271 - Helicopter hospital emergency medical evacuation service (HEMES).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Helicopter hospital emergency medical....271 Helicopter hospital emergency medical evacuation service (HEMES). (a) No certificate holder may... certificate holder may assign a helicopter flight crewmember, and no flight crewmember may accept an...

46 CFR 132.320 - Helicopter-landing decks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Helicopter-landing decks. 132.320 Section 132.320 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS FIRE-PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Miscellaneous § 132.320 Helicopter-landing decks. Each vessel with a helicopter-landing deck must...

14 CFR 135.271 - Helicopter hospital emergency medical evacuation service (HEMES).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Helicopter hospital emergency medical....271 Helicopter hospital emergency medical evacuation service (HEMES). (a) No certificate holder may... certificate holder may assign a helicopter flight crewmember, and no flight crewmember may accept an...

46 CFR 132.320 - Helicopter-landing decks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Helicopter-landing decks. 132.320 Section 132.320 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS FIRE-PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Miscellaneous § 132.320 Helicopter-landing decks. Each vessel with a helicopter-landing deck must...

14 CFR 27.87 - Height-speed envelope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... selected by the applicant for each altitude covered by paragraph (a)(1) of this section. For helicopters...— (1) For single-engine helicopters, full autorotation; (2) For multiengine helicopters, OEI (where... altitude or the maximum altitude capability of the helicopter, whichever is less, and (3) For other...

14 CFR 135.271 - Helicopter hospital emergency medical evacuation service (HEMES).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Helicopter hospital emergency medical....271 Helicopter hospital emergency medical evacuation service (HEMES). (a) No certificate holder may... certificate holder may assign a helicopter flight crewmember, and no flight crewmember may accept an...

14 CFR 135.271 - Helicopter hospital emergency medical evacuation service (HEMES).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Helicopter hospital emergency medical....271 Helicopter hospital emergency medical evacuation service (HEMES). (a) No certificate holder may... certificate holder may assign a helicopter flight crewmember, and no flight crewmember may accept an...

78 FR 23462 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-19

... Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA... airworthiness directive (AD) for Eurocopter France (Eurocopter) Model AS332C, AS332L, and AS332L1 helicopters... helicopters have been approved by the aviation authority of France and are approved for operation in the...

78 FR 44039 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-23

... Deutschland GmbH Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed... GmbH (Eurocopter) Model MBB-BK 117 C-2 helicopters with a jettisonable sliding door (door) installed... airworthiness directive (AD): Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters (Eurocopter): Docket No. FAA-2013-0642...

78 FR 42409 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-16

... Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA...) for Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH (Eurocopter) Model MBB-BK 117 C-2 helicopters. This AD requires... directive (AD): 2013-12-05 Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters: Amendment 39- 17483; Docket No. FAA-2013...

Wind tunnel investigation of helicopter-rotor wake effects on three helicopter fuselage models

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, J. C.; Mineck, R. E.

1975-01-01

The effects of rotor wake on helicopter fuselage aerodynamic characteristics were investigated in the Langley V/STOL tunnel. Force, moment, and pressure data were obtained on three fuselage models at various combinations of windspeed, sideslip angle, and pitch angle. The data show that the influence of rotor wake on the helicopter fuselage yawing moment imposes a significant additional thrust requirement on the tail rotor of a single-rotor helicopter at high sideslip angles.

Helmet-mounted pilot night vision systems: Human factors issues

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hart, Sandra G.; Brickner, Michael S.

1989-01-01

Helmet-mounted displays of infrared imagery (forward-looking infrared (FLIR)) allow helicopter pilots to perform low level missions at night and in low visibility. However, pilots experience high visual and cognitive workload during these missions, and their performance capabilities may be reduced. Human factors problems inherent in existing systems stem from three primary sources: the nature of thermal imagery; the characteristics of specific FLIR systems; and the difficulty of using FLIR system for flying and/or visually acquiring and tracking objects in the environment. The pilot night vision system (PNVS) in the Apache AH-64 provides a monochrome, 30 by 40 deg helmet-mounted display of infrared imagery. Thermal imagery is inferior to television imagery in both resolution and contrast ratio. Gray shades represent temperatures differences rather than brightness variability, and images undergo significant changes over time. The limited field of view, displacement of the sensor from the pilot's eye position, and monocular presentation of a bright FLIR image (while the other eye remains dark-adapted) are all potential sources of disorientation, limitations in depth and distance estimation, sensations of apparent motion, and difficulties in target and obstacle detection. Insufficient information about human perceptual and performance limitations restrains the ability of human factors specialists to provide significantly improved specifications, training programs, or alternative designs. Additional research is required to determine the most critical problem areas and to propose solutions that consider the human as well as the development of technology.

Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dempsey, Paula J.; Branning, Jeremy; Wade, Damiel R.; Bolander, Nathan

2010-01-01

The focus of this paper was to compare the performance of HUMS condition indicators (CI) when detecting a bearing fault in a test stand or on a helicopter. This study compared data from two sources: first, CI data collected from accelerometers installed on two UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters when oil cooler bearing faults occurred, along with data from helicopters with no bearing faults; and second, CI data that was collected from ten cooler bearings, healthy and faulted, that were removed from fielded helicopters and installed in a test stand. A method using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves to compare CI performance was demonstrated. Results indicated the bearing energy CI responded differently for the helicopter and the test stand. Future research is required if test stand data is to be used validate condition indicator performance on a helicopter.

Whole body vibration in helicopters: risk assessment in relation to low back pain.

PubMed

Kåsin, Jan Ivar; Mansfield, Neil; Wagstaff, Anthony

2011-08-01

Helicopter pilots are exposed to whole body vibration (WBV) in their working environment. WBV has been associated with low back pain (LBP) and helicopter pilots have a high prevalence for LBP compared with other professions. The aim of this study was to develop a test protocol for measuring helicopters with ISO 2631-1 and to perform a whole body vibration risk assessment based on the European Vibration Directive in a number of commonly used military and civilian helicopters. Both absolute values and individual difference in current helicopter types are of interest in order to evaluate the possible role of vibration in LBP in helicopter pilots. In operationally relevant maneuvers, six helicopters were tested. In order to standardize measurements, each continuous flight was split into 15 separate maneuvers. A model of a working day exposure pattern was used to calculate A(8) vibration magnitudes for each helicopter. The vibration A(8) exposure estimates ranged from 0.32-0.51 m x s(-2) during an 8-h working day A(8). This compares with EU and ISO lower bounds risk criteria of 0.5 and 0.43 m x s(-2) A(8), respectively. Despite the vibration levels being relatively low, helicopter pilots report a high incidence of LBP. It is possible that helicopter pilot postures increase the risk of LBP when combined with WBV. The test protocol used in this study could be generally applied for other rotary winged aircraft testing to allow for comparison of WBV results. Data from different flight phases could be used to model different exposure profiles.

46 CFR 108.233 - Location and size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... EQUIPMENT Construction and Arrangement Helicopter Facilities § 108.233 Location and size. (a) Each helicopter deck must be— (1) At least the size of the rotor diameter of the largest single main rotor helicopter that will be used on the facility; or (2) If tandem main rotor helicopters use the facility, at...

46 CFR 108.233 - Location and size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... EQUIPMENT Construction and Arrangement Helicopter Facilities § 108.233 Location and size. (a) Each helicopter deck must be— (1) At least the size of the rotor diameter of the largest single main rotor helicopter that will be used on the facility; or (2) If tandem main rotor helicopters use the facility, at...

46 CFR 108.233 - Location and size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... EQUIPMENT Construction and Arrangement Helicopter Facilities § 108.233 Location and size. (a) Each helicopter deck must be— (1) At least the size of the rotor diameter of the largest single main rotor helicopter that will be used on the facility; or (2) If tandem main rotor helicopters use the facility, at...

46 CFR 108.233 - Location and size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... EQUIPMENT Construction and Arrangement Helicopter Facilities § 108.233 Location and size. (a) Each helicopter deck must be— (1) At least the size of the rotor diameter of the largest single main rotor helicopter that will be used on the facility; or (2) If tandem main rotor helicopters use the facility, at...

46 CFR 108.233 - Location and size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... EQUIPMENT Construction and Arrangement Helicopter Facilities § 108.233 Location and size. (a) Each helicopter deck must be— (1) At least the size of the rotor diameter of the largest single main rotor helicopter that will be used on the facility; or (2) If tandem main rotor helicopters use the facility, at...

Investigating Flight with a Toy Helicopter

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liebl, Michael

2010-01-01

Flight fascinates people of all ages. Recent advances in battery technology have extended the capabilities of model airplanes and toy helicopters. For those who have never outgrown a childhood enthusiasm for the wonders of flight, it is possible to buy inexpensive, remotely controlled planes and helicopters. A toy helicopter offers an opportunity…

75 FR 53857 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Model SA330J Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-02

... Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Model SA330J Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration... known U.S. owners and operators of Eurocopter France (Eurocopter) Model SA330J helicopters by individual...'' rather than checking for ``play.'' This helicopter model is manufactured in France and is type...

78 FR 31394 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-24

... Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA... airworthiness directive (AD) for Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH (ECD) Model MBB-BK 117 C-2 helicopters. This AD... directive (AD): 2013-10-05 Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters: Amendment 39- 17458; Docket No. FAA-2013...

78 FR 44050 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-23

... Deutschland GmbH Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed... Deutschland GmbH (Eurocopter) Model EC135P2+ and EC135T2+ helicopters. This proposed AD would require... adding the following new airworthiness directive (AD): Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters: Docket No...

Pre-fire treatment effects and post-fire forest dynamics on the Rodeo-Chediski burn area, Arizona

Treesearch

Barbara A. Strom

2005-01-01

The 2002 Rodeo-Chediski fire was the largest wildfire in Arizona history at 189,000 ha (468,000 acres), and exhibited some of the most extreme fire behavior ever seen in the Southwest. Pre-fire fuel reduction treatments of thinning, timber harvesting, and prescribed burning on the White Mountain Apache Tribal lands (WMAT) and thinning on the Apache-Sitgreaves National...

Cloud Computing Trace Characterization and Synthetic Workload Generation

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-01

measurements [44]. Olio is primarily for learning Web 2.0 technologies, evaluating the three implementations (PHP, Java EE, and RubyOnRails (ROR...Add Event 17 Olio is well documented, but assumes prerequisite knowledge with setup and operation of apache web servers and MySQL databases. Olio...Faban supports numerous servers such as Apache httpd, Sun Java System Web, Portal and Mail Servers, Oracle RDBMS, memcached, and others [18]. Perhaps

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Churchill, R. Michael

Apache Spark is explored as a tool for analyzing large data sets from the magnetic fusion simulation code XGCI. Implementation details of Apache Spark on the NERSC Edison supercomputer are discussed, including binary file reading, and parameter setup. Here, an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, k-means clustering, is applied to XGCI particle distribution function data, showing that highly turbulent spatial regions do not have common coherent structures, but rather broad, ring-like structures in velocity space.

25 CFR 183.5 - What documents must the Tribe submit to request money from the Trust Fund?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What documents must the Tribe submit to request money from the Trust Fund? 183.5 Section 183.5 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LAND AND WATER USE AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Trust Fund Dispositio...

76 FR 72969 - Proclaiming Certain Lands as Reservation for the Fort Sill Apache Indian Tribe

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-28

... the Fort Sill Apache Tribe of Indians. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ben Burshia, Bureau of Indian... from a tangent which bears N. 89[deg]56'18'' W., having a radius of 789.30 feet, a delta angle of 32... radius of 1096.00 feet, a delta angle of 39[deg]58'50'', a chord which bears S. 77[deg]15'43'' W., 749.36...

Satellite Imagery Production and Processing Using Apache Hadoop

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hill, D. V.; Werpy, J.

2011-12-01

The United States Geological Survey's (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center Land Science Research and Development (LSRD) project has devised a method to fulfill its processing needs for Essential Climate Variable (ECV) production from the Landsat archive using Apache Hadoop. Apache Hadoop is the distributed processing technology at the heart of many large-scale, processing solutions implemented at well-known companies such as Yahoo, Amazon, and Facebook. It is a proven framework and can be used to process petabytes of data on thousands of processors concurrently. It is a natural fit for producing satellite imagery and requires only a few simple modifications to serve the needs of science data processing. This presentation provides an invaluable learning opportunity and should be heard by anyone doing large scale image processing today. The session will cover a description of the problem space, evaluation of alternatives, feature set overview, configuration of Hadoop for satellite image processing, real-world performance results, tuning recommendations and finally challenges and ongoing activities. It will also present how the LSRD project built a 102 core processing cluster with no financial hardware investment and achieved ten times the initial daily throughput requirements with a full time staff of only one engineer. Satellite Imagery Production and Processing Using Apache Hadoop is presented by David V. Hill, Principal Software Architect for USGS LSRD.

Predictive value of the APACHE II, SAPS II, SOFA and GCS scoring systems in patients with severe purulent bacterial meningitis.

PubMed

Pietraszek-Grzywaczewska, Iwona; Bernas, Szymon; Łojko, Piotr; Piechota, Anna; Piechota, Mariusz

2016-01-01

Scoring systems in critical care patients are essential for predicting of the patient outcome and evaluating the therapy. In this study, we determined the value of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scoring systems in the prediction of mortality in adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with severe purulent bacterial meningitis. We retrospectively analysed data from 98 adult patients with severe purulent bacterial meningitis who were admitted to the single ICU between March 2006 and September 2015. Univariate logistic regression identified the following risk factors of death in patients with severe purulent bacterial meningitis: APACHE II, SAPS II, SOFA, and GCS scores, and the lengths of ICU stay and hospital stay. The independent risk factors of patient death in multivariate analysis were the SAPS II score, the length of ICU stay and the length of hospital stay. In the prediction of mortality according to the area under the curve, the SAPS II score had the highest accuracy followed by the APACHE II, GCS and SOFA scores. For the prediction of mortality in a patient with severe purulent bacterial meningitis, SAPS II had the highest accuracy.

Triage of patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding for intensive care unit admission based on risk factors for poor outcome.

PubMed

Afessa, B

2000-04-01

This study's aim was to determine the prognostic factors and to develop a triage system for intensive care unit (ICU) admission of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). This prospective, observational study included 411 adults consecutively hospitalized for GIB. Each patient's selected clinical findings and laboratory values at presentation were obtained. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores were calculated from the initial findings in the emergency department. Poor outcome was defined as recurrent GIB, emergency surgery, or death. The role of hepatic cirrhosis, APACHE II score, active GIB, end-organ dysfunction, and hypotension in predicting outcome was evaluated. Chi-square, Student's t, Mann-Whitney U, and logistic regression analysis tests were used for statistical comparisons. Poor outcome developed in 81 (20%) patients; 39 died, 23 underwent emergency surgery, and 47 rebled. End-organ dysfunction, active bleeding, hepatic cirrhosis, and high APACHE II scores were independent predictors of poor outcome with odds ratios of 3:1, 3:1, 2:3, and 1:1, respectively. The ICU admission rate was 37%. High APACHE II score, active bleeding, end-organ dysfunction, and hepatic cirrhosis are independent predictors of poor outcome in patients with GIB and can be used in the triage of these patients for ICU admission.

The role of the helicopter in transportation. [technology assessment for use in civil aviation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dajani, J. S.; Warner, D.; Epstein, D.; Obrien, J.

1976-01-01

A general overview is presented of the role that the helicopter plays in the current aviation scene with special emphasis on its use in the airport access function. Technological problems of present-day aircraft are discussed along with some plausible solutions. The economic and regulatory aspects of commercial helicopter operations are presented. Finally six commercial operations utilizing helicopters are reviewed and conditions that enhance the success of the helicopter in the airport access function are proposed.

Small Business Innovations (Helicopters)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

The amount of engine power required for a helicopter to hover is an important, but difficult, consideration in helicopter design. The EHPIC program model produces converged, freely distorted wake geometries that generate accurate analysis of wake-induced downwash, allowing good predictions of rotor thrust and power requirements. Continuum Dynamics, Inc., the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) company that developed EHPIC, also produces RotorCRAFT, a program for analysis of aerodynamic loading of helicopter blades in forward flight. Both helicopter codes have been licensed to commercial manufacturers.

Users manual for linear Time-Varying Helicopter Simulation (Program TVHIS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Burns, M. R.

1979-01-01

A linear time-varying helicopter simulation program (TVHIS) is described. The program is designed as a realistic yet efficient helicopter simulation. It is based on a linear time-varying helicopter model which includes rotor, actuator, and sensor models, as well as a simulation of flight computer logic. The TVHIS can generate a mean trajectory simulation along a nominal trajectory, or propagate covariance of helicopter states, including rigid-body, turbulence, control command, controller states, and rigid-body state estimates.

The environmental analysis of helicopter operations by Federal agencies: Current procedures and research needs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, C. C.; Warner, D. B.; Dajani, J. S.

1977-01-01

The technical, economic, and environmental problems restricting commercial helicopter passenger operations are reviewed. The key considerations for effective assessment procedures are outlined and a preliminary model for the environmental analysis of helicopters is developed. It is recommended that this model, or some similar approach, be used as a common base for the development of comprehensive environmental assessment methods for each of the federal agencies concerned with helicopters. A description of the critical environmental research issues applicable to helicopters is also presented.

Methodology for estimating helicopter performance and weights using limited data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Baserga, Claudio; Ingalls, Charles; Lee, Henry; Peyran, Richard

1990-01-01

Methodology is developed and described for estimating the flight performance and weights of a helicopter for which limited data are available. The methodology is based on assumptions which couple knowledge of the technology of the helicopter under study with detailed data from well documented helicopters thought to be of similar technology. The approach, analysis assumptions, technology modeling, and the use of reference helicopter data are discussed. Application of the methodology is illustrated with an investigation of the Agusta A129 Mangusta.

Selected topics on the active control of helicopter aeromechanical and vibration problems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Friedmann, Peretz P.

1994-01-01

This paper describes in a concise manner three selected topics on the active control of helicopter aeromechanical and vibration problems. The three topics are as follows: (1) the active control of helicopter air-resonance using an LQG/LTR approach; (2) simulation of higher harmonic control (HHC) applied to a four bladed hingeless helicopter rotor in forward flight; and (3) vibration suppression in forward flight on a hingeless helicopter rotor using an actively controlled, partial span, trailing edge flap, which is mounted on the blade. Only a few selected illustrative results are presented. The results obtained clearly indicate that the partial span, actively controlled flap has considerable potential for vibration reduction in helicopter rotors.

A NASA helicopter arrives at KSC for painting

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

A NASA helicopter lands on S.R. 3 for transfer to Patrick Air Force Base. It is one of four UH-1H helicopters that will have its blades painted, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control.

NASA helicopter blades get new paint job for safety

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

Workers get ready to move a NASA UH-1H helicopter outside. They have been painting the blades of four NASA UH-1H helicopters, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control.

NASA helicopter blades get new paint job for safety

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

A newly repainted NASA helicopter is transported to S.R. 3 for return to Patrick AFB. Workers painted the blades of four NASA UH-1H helicopters, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control.

A NASA helicopter arrives at KSC for painting

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

A NASA helicopter is secured for transfer to Ransom Road at KSC. It is one of four UH-1H helicopters that will have its blades painted, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control.

Subjective field study of response to impulsive helicopter noise

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Powell, C. A.

1981-01-01

Subjects, located outdoors and indoors, judged the noisiness and other subjective noise characteristics of flyovers of two helicopters and a propeller driven airplane as part of a study of the effects of impulsiveness on the subjective response to helicopter noise. In the first experiment, the impulsive characteristics of one helicopter was controlled by varying the main rotor speed while maintaining a constant airspeed in level flight. The second experiment which utilized only the helicopters, included descent and level flight operations. The more impulsive helicopter was consistently judged less noisy than the less impulsive helicopter at equal effective perceived noise levels (EPNL). The ability of EPNL to predict noisiness was not improved by the addition of either of two proposed impulse corrections. A subjective measure of impulsiveness, however, which was not significantly related to the proposed impulse corrections, was found to improve the predictive ability of EPNL.

L-band mobile terminal antennas for helicopters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wu, T. K.; Farazian, K.; Golshan, N.; Divsalar, D.; Hinedi, S.

1993-01-01

The feasibility of using a low gain antenna (LGA) as a mobile terminal antenna for a helicopter is described in this paper. The objectives are to select the lowest cost antenna system which can be easily mounted on a helicopter and capable of communicating with a satellite, and to determine the best antenna position on the helicopter to mitigate the signal blockage due to rotor blades and the multipath effect from the helicopter's body. The omnidirectional LGA is selected because it is simple, reliable, and low cost. The helix antenna is selected among the many LGA's because it is the most economical one and has the widest elevation beamwidth. Both 2-arm and 4-arm helices are studied experimentally to determine the antenna's performance and the scattering effects from the helicopter's body. It is found that the LGA should be located near the tail section and at least eight inches above the helicopter.

ATC simulation of helicopter IFR approaches into major terminal areas using RNAV, MLS, and CDTI

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tobias, L.; Lee, H. Q.; Peach, L. L.; Willett, F. M., Jr.; Obrien, P. J.

1981-01-01

The introduction of independent helicopter IFR routes at hub airports was investigated in a real time air traffic control system simulation involving a piloted helicopter simulator, computer generated air traffic, and air traffic controllers. The helicopter simulator was equipped to fly area navigation (RNAV) routes and microwave landing system approaches. Problems studied included: (1) pilot acceptance of the approach procedure and tracking accuracy; (2) ATC procedures for handling a mix of helicopter and fixed wing traffic; and (3) utility of the cockpit display of traffic information (CDTI) for the helicopter in the hub airport environment. Results indicate that the helicopter routes were acceptable to the subject pilots and were noninterfering with fixed wing traffic. Merging and spacing maneuvers using CDTI were successfully carried out by the pilots, but controllers had some reservations concerning the acceptability of the CDTI procedures.

Outcome, transport times, and costs of patients evacuated by helicopter versus fixed-wing aircraft.

PubMed Central

Thomas, F.; Wisham, J.; Clemmer, T. P.; Orme, J. F.; Larsen, K. G.

1990-01-01

We determined the differences in transport times and costs for patients transported by fixed-wing aircraft versus helicopter at ranges of 101 to 150 radial miles, where fixed-wing and helicopter in-hospital transports commonly overlap. Statistical analysis failed to show a significant difference between the trauma-care patients transported by helicopter (n = 109) and those transported by fixed-wing (n = 86) for age, injury severity score, hospital length of stay, hospital mortality, or discharge disability score. The times in returning patients to the receiving hospital by helicopter (n = 104) versus fixed-wing (n = 509) did not differ significantly. Helicopter transport costs per mile ($24), however, were 400% higher than those of fixed-wing aircraft with its associated ground ambulance transport costs ($6). Thus, helicopter transport is economically unjustified for interhospital transports exceeding 100 radial miles when an efficient fixed-wing service exists. PMID:2389575

Helicopter Crewseat Cushion Program

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-11-01

proportion of Army helicopter pilots suffer back pain caused by flying. Extended missions required during Desert Shield/Desert Storm emphasized this problem...Seat Cushions Lumbar Support Energy Absorbing Foam Lumbar Kyphosis 16. PRICE CODE Back Pain Thigh Support Helicopter Vibration Helicopter Seating _ 17...Bulging disks and stretched ligaments from lumbar kyphosis .................... 3 3 Measurement of anthropometric dimensions

33 CFR 149.418 - What fire protection system must a helicopter fueling facility have?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... a helicopter fueling facility have? 149.418 Section 149.418 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... protection system must a helicopter fueling facility have? In addition to the portable fire extinguishers required under table 149.409, each helicopter fueling facility must have a fire protection system complying...

33 CFR 149.418 - What fire protection system must a helicopter fueling facility have?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... a helicopter fueling facility have? 149.418 Section 149.418 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... protection system must a helicopter fueling facility have? In addition to the portable fire extinguishers required under table 149.409, each helicopter fueling facility must have a fire protection system complying...

46 CFR 131.950 - Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery... SUPPLY VESSELS OPERATIONS Miscellaneous § 131.950 Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery..., Chapter V, of SOLAS 74/83; and (2) In helicopter recovery. (b) The signals must be employed by vessels or...

14 CFR 136.11 - Helicopter floats for over water.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Helicopter floats for over water. 136.11... TOURS AND NATIONAL PARKS AIR TOUR MANAGEMENT National Air Tour Safety Standards § 136.11 Helicopter floats for over water. (a) A helicopter used in commercial air tours over water beyond the shoreline must...

46 CFR 131.950 - Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery... SUPPLY VESSELS OPERATIONS Miscellaneous § 131.950 Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery..., Chapter V, of SOLAS 74/83; and (2) In helicopter recovery. (b) The signals must be employed by vessels or...

33 CFR 149.418 - What fire protection system must a helicopter fueling facility have?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... a helicopter fueling facility have? 149.418 Section 149.418 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... protection system must a helicopter fueling facility have? In addition to the portable fire extinguishers required under Table 149.409 of this part, each helicopter fueling facility must have a fire protection...

14 CFR 136.11 - Helicopter floats for over water.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Helicopter floats for over water. 136.11... TOURS AND NATIONAL PARKS AIR TOUR MANAGEMENT National Air Tour Safety Standards § 136.11 Helicopter floats for over water. (a) A helicopter used in commercial air tours over water beyond the shoreline must...

14 CFR 136.13 - Helicopter performance plan and operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Helicopter performance plan and operations... Helicopter performance plan and operations. (a) Each operator must complete a performance plan before each helicopter commercial air tour, or flight operated under 14 CFR 91.146 or 91.147. The pilot in command must...

14 CFR 136.13 - Helicopter performance plan and operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Helicopter performance plan and operations... Helicopter performance plan and operations. (a) Each operator must complete a performance plan before each helicopter commercial air tour, or flight operated under 14 CFR 91.146 or 91.147. The pilot in command must...

14 CFR 136.11 - Helicopter floats for over water.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Helicopter floats for over water. 136.11... TOURS AND NATIONAL PARKS AIR TOUR MANAGEMENT National Air Tour Safety Standards § 136.11 Helicopter floats for over water. (a) A helicopter used in commercial air tours over water beyond the shoreline must...

46 CFR 131.950 - Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery... SUPPLY VESSELS OPERATIONS Miscellaneous § 131.950 Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery..., Chapter V, of SOLAS 74/83; and (2) In helicopter recovery. (b) The signals must be employed by vessels or...

46 CFR 131.950 - Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery... SUPPLY VESSELS OPERATIONS Miscellaneous § 131.950 Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery..., Chapter V, of SOLAS 74/83; and (2) In helicopter recovery. (b) The signals must be employed by vessels or...

14 CFR 29.1505 - Never-exceed speed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... variation of VNE. (c) For helicopters, a stabilized power-off VNE denoted as VNE (power-off) may be... speed used in meeting the requirements of— (i) § 29.67(a)(3) for Category A helicopters; (ii) § 29.65(a) for Category B helicopters, except multi-engine helicopters meeting the requirements of § 29.67(b...

14 CFR 136.11 - Helicopter floats for over water.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Helicopter floats for over water. 136.11... TOURS AND NATIONAL PARKS AIR TOUR MANAGEMENT National Air Tour Safety Standards § 136.11 Helicopter floats for over water. (a) A helicopter used in commercial air tours over water beyond the shoreline must...

33 CFR 149.418 - What fire protection system must a helicopter fueling facility have?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... a helicopter fueling facility have? 149.418 Section 149.418 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... protection system must a helicopter fueling facility have? In addition to the portable fire extinguishers required under Table 149.409 of this part, each helicopter fueling facility must have a fire protection...

46 CFR 131.950 - Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery... SUPPLY VESSELS OPERATIONS Miscellaneous § 131.950 Placard on lifesaving signals and helicopter recovery..., Chapter V, of SOLAS 74/83; and (2) In helicopter recovery. (b) The signals must be employed by vessels or...

14 CFR 136.13 - Helicopter performance plan and operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Helicopter performance plan and operations... Helicopter performance plan and operations. (a) Each operator must complete a performance plan before each helicopter commercial air tour, or flight operated under 14 CFR 91.146 or 91.147. The pilot in command must...

33 CFR 149.418 - What fire protection system must a helicopter fueling facility have?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... a helicopter fueling facility have? 149.418 Section 149.418 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... protection system must a helicopter fueling facility have? In addition to the portable fire extinguishers required under table 149.409, each helicopter fueling facility must have a fire protection system complying...

14 CFR 29.1505 - Never-exceed speed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... variation of VNE. (c) For helicopters, a stabilized power-off VNE denoted as VNE (power-off) may be... speed used in meeting the requirements of— (i) § 29.67(a)(3) for Category A helicopters; (ii) § 29.65(a) for Category B helicopters, except multi-engine helicopters meeting the requirements of § 29.67(b...

75 FR 12665 - Airworthiness Directives; Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation Model S-76C Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-17

... Airworthiness Directives; Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation Model S- 76C Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation... directive (AD) for the specified Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation (Sikorsky) Model S-76C helicopters. This... installed in the left-hand flotation system connector of a Model S-76C helicopter. The actions specified in...

76 FR 66205 - Airworthiness Directives; Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation Model S-76A Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-26

... Corporation Model S- 76A Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration, DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed... Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation (Sikorsky) Model S-76A helicopters. This proposal would require modifying the... fire occurring in an ERB installed on a Model S- 76A helicopter. The actions specified by this proposed...

77 FR 39911 - The New York North Shore Helicopter Route

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-06

... York North Shore Helicopter Route when operating along the north shore of Long Island, New York. The... maximizing utilization of the existing route flown by helicopter traffic one mile off the north shore of Long... residents who are disturbed by the level of noise from helicopters operating over Long Island, the FAA...

78 FR 23114 - Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron Canada (Bell) Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-18

...) and in the AFCS [Automatic Flight Control System] Air Data Computer.'' TCAA issued AD CF-2005-30 to... Bell Model 430 helicopters, which requires replacing certain components of the air data system. This AD... helicopters. That NPRM proposed to require replacing certain components of the air data system. The proposed...

76 FR 75772 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Model EC 120B Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-05

... Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Model EC 120B Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration... the Eurocopter France Model EC 120B helicopters. This AD requires modifying the pilot cyclic control... include an AD that would apply to Eurocopter France Model EC 120B helicopters. That NPRM was published in...

77 FR 31172 - Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron Canada Limited Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-25

... control of the helicopter. Transport Canada (TC), which is the aviation authority for Canada, issued... BHTC Model 427 helicopters, serial numbers (S/Ns) 56001 through 56084, and S/Ns 58001 and 58002. TC..., TC, its technical representative, has notified us of the unsafe condition described in the TC AD. We...

Helicopter noise measurements data report. volume I. helicopter models: Hughes 300-C. Hughes 500-C, Bell 47-G. Bell 206L

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1977-04-01

This data report contains the measured noise levels obtained from an FAA Helicopter Noise Test Program. The purpose of this test program was to provide a data base for a possible helicopter noise certification rule. The noise data presented in this t...

CHANGES IN FLIGHT TRAINEE PERFORMANCE FOLLOWING SYNTHETIC HELICOPTER FLIGHT TRAINING.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

CARO, PAUL W., JR.; ISLEY, ROBERT N.

A STUDY WAS CONDUCTED AT THE U.S. ARMY PRIMARY HELICOPTER SCHOOL, FORT WOLTERS, TEXAS, TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE USE OF A HELICOPTER TRAINING DEVICE WOULD IMPROVE STUDENT PERFORMANCE DURING SUBSEQUENT HELICOPTER CONTACT FLIGHT TRAINING. SUBJECTS WERE TWO EXPERIMENTAL GROUPS AND TWO CONTROL GROUPS OF WARRANT OFFICER CANDIDATES ENROLLED FOR A…

Helicopter main-rotor speed effects on far-field acoustic levels

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mueller, Arnold W.; Childress, Otis S.; Hardesty, Mark

1987-01-01

The design of a helicopter is based on an understanding of many parameters and their interactions. For example, in the design stage of a helicopter, the weight, engine, and rotor speed must be considered along with the rotor geometry when considering helicopter operations. However, the relationship between the noise radiated from the helicopter and these parameters is not well understood, with only limited model and full-scale test data to study. In general, these data have shown that reduced rotor speeds result in reduced far-field noise levels. This paper reviews the status of a recent helicopter noise research project designed to provide experimental flight data to be used to better understand helicopter rotor-speed effects on far-field acoustic levels. Preliminary results are presented relative to tests conducted with a McDonnell Douglas model 500E helicopter operating with the rotor speed as the control variable over the range of 103% of the main-rotor speed (NR) to 75% NR, and with the forward speed maintained at a constant value of 80 knots.

The design, construction and operation of the helicopter underwater escape trainer

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Urguhart, A.E.

1983-09-01

Civil helicopters hopefully are not likely to be subjected to the possibility of being shot from the skies and descending in an uncontrolled manner. Should a civil helicopter have to ditch, due to some mechanical or electrical failure, it is reasonable to predict that it may do so in a controlled manner, with the pilot either taking the positive decision to ditch the helicopter, or being forced to do so. It is for such controlled or nearly controlled ditchings that training of personnel should be considered. The air-crews involved in flying civil helicopters are not dissimilar to military service personnel,more » in that they are a disciplined group of professionals qualified and experienced in their business of flying and ditching. However, the offshore worker, being ferried to his place of work, is, in essence, the human cargo forced by necessity to be transported by helicopter. Many offshore employees may not wish to be, or particularly enjoy, being transported over the North Sea by helicopter nevertheless, it is the only viable mode of transport and, with the number of helicopter flights which are currently being undertaken to and from the North Sea installations, it is not being over-pessimistic to foresee the likelihood of a civil helicopter with passengers having to ditch in the sea.« less

Effect of helicopter transport on neurological outcomes in a mouse model of embolic stroke with reperfusion: AIR-MICE pilot study.

PubMed

Leira, Enrique C; Zaheer, Asgar; Schnell, Thomas; Torner, James C; Olalde, Heena M; Pieper, Andrew A; Ortega-Gutierrez, Santiago; Nagaraja, Nandakumar; Marks, Nancy L; Adams, Harold P

2015-10-01

Patients often suffer a stroke at a significant distance from a center capable of delivering endovascular therapy, thus requiring rapid transport by helicopter emergency medical services while receiving a recombinant tissue plasminogen activator infusion that was initiated locally. But little is known about how a helicopter flight may impact the safety and efficacy of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator-induced reperfusion and patient outcomes. To establish a new animal method to address with fidelity the safety and overall effect of helicopter emergency medical services during thrombolysis. Prospective randomized open blinded end-point study of an actual helicopter flight exposure. Adult C57BL/6 male mice were treated with a 10 mg/kg recombinant tissue plasminogen activator infusion two-hours after an embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion. Mice were randomized in pairs to simultaneously receive the infusion during a local helicopter flight or in a ground hangar. Eighteen mice (nine pairs) were analyzed. The paired t-test analysis showed nonsignificant smaller infarction volumes in the helicopter-assigned animals (mean pair difference 33 mm(3) , P = 0·33). The amount of hemorrhagic transformation between the helicopter and ground groups was 4·08 vs. 4·56 μl, respectively (paired t-test, P = 0·45). This study shows that helicopter emergency medical services do not have an inherent adverse effect on outcome in a mouse model of ischemic stroke with reperfusion. These results endorse the safety of the practice of using helicopter emergency medical services in stroke patients. The observed potential synergistic effect of helicopter-induced factors, such as vibration and changes in altitude, with reperfusion merits further exploration in animal experimental models and in stroke patients. © 2015 World Stroke Organization.

Helicopter Parenting: The Effect of an Overbearing Caregiving Style on Peer Attachment and Self-Efficacy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van Ingen, Daniel J.; Freiheit, Stacy R.; Steinfeldt, Jesse A.; Moore, Linda L.; Wimer, David J.; Knutt, Adelle D.; Scapinello, Samantha; Roberts, Amber

2015-01-01

Helicopter parenting, an observed phenomenon on college campuses, may adversely affect college students. The authors examined how helicopter parenting is related to self-efficacy and peer relationships among 190 undergraduate students ages 16 to 28 years. Helicopter parenting was associated with low self-efficacy, alienation from peers, and a lack…

76 FR 53315 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Model SA-365N and SA-365N1 Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-26

... of compliance. (d) The Joint Aircraft System/Component Code is 2897: Fuel System Wiring. (e) The... helicopters. This action requires you to disconnect the high level fuel switches in the fuel tanks on the affected helicopters. In addition, for helicopters without a crossfeed between the fuel filler necks, you...

Method for Studying Helicopter Longitudinal Maneuver Stability

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Amer, Kenneth B

1954-01-01

A theoretical analysis of helicopter maneuver stability is made and the results are compared with experimental results for both a single and a tandem rotor helicopter. Techniques are described for measuring in flight the significant stability derivatives for use with the theory to aid in design studies of means for achieving marginal maneuver stability for a prototype helicopter.

75 FR 29471 - The New York North Shore Helicopter Route

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-26

...-0302; Notice No. 10-08] RIN 2120-AJ75 The New York North Shore Helicopter Route AGENCY: Federal... action would require helicopter operators to use the New York North Shore Route when operating in that area of Long Island, New York. The North Shore Route was added to the New York Helicopter Route [[Page...

76 FR 12274 - Special Conditions: Bell Helicopter Textron Canada Limited Model 206B and 206L Series Helicopters...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-07

..., Type Certificate Number H2SW. This AP/SAS performs non- critical control functions, since this model... helicopters. These model helicopters will have novel or unusual design features when modified by installing..., Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, Rotorcraft Directorate, Regulations and Policy Group (ASW-111), 2601 Meacham...

78 FR 1730 - Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-09

... Helicopter Textron Inc. (BHTI) Model 205A, 205A-1, and 205B helicopters with certain starter/generator power... that may lead to a fire in the starter/generator, smoke in the cockpit that reduces visibility, and... Office, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12- 140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590...

14 CFR 61.161 - Aeronautical experience: Rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... category and helicopter class rating. 61.161 Section 61.161 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... helicopter class rating. (a) A person who is applying for an airline transport pilot certificate with a rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating, must have at least 1,200 hours of total time as a pilot that...

14 CFR 61.161 - Aeronautical experience: Rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... category and helicopter class rating. 61.161 Section 61.161 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... helicopter class rating. (a) A person who is applying for an airline transport pilot certificate with a rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating, must have at least 1,200 hours of total time as a pilot that...

14 CFR 61.161 - Aeronautical experience: Rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... category and helicopter class rating. 61.161 Section 61.161 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... helicopter class rating. (a) A person who is applying for an airline transport pilot certificate with a rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating, must have at least 1,200 hours of total time as a pilot that...

14 CFR 29.1505 - Never-exceed speed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... variation of VNE. (c) For helicopters, a stabilized power-off V NE denoted as V NE (power-off) may be... speed used in meeting the requirements of— (i) § 29.67(a)(3) for Category A helicopters; (ii) § 29.65(a) for Category B helicopters, except multi-engine helicopters meeting the requirements of § 29.67(b...

14 CFR 61.161 - Aeronautical experience: Rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... category and helicopter class rating. 61.161 Section 61.161 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... helicopter class rating. (a) A person who is applying for an airline transport pilot certificate with a rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating, must have at least 1,200 hours of total time as a pilot that...

14 CFR 61.161 - Aeronautical experience: Rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... category and helicopter class rating. 61.161 Section 61.161 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... helicopter class rating. (a) A person who is applying for an airline transport pilot certificate with a rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating, must have at least 1,200 hours of total time as a pilot that...

U.S. Army Primary Helicopter School Training Program Performance Norms.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barnes, John A.; Statham, Flavous D.

The Helicopter Pilot Training Program of the Army differs from those of the other services in concept. It takes nonpilot servicemen and trains them to fly helicopters. The study provides normative performance data for a pilot trainee in an army light-observation helicopter as a first step toward establishing normative data for pilot performance in…

77 FR 52270 - Airworthiness Directives; Agusta S.p.A. Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-29

... would take about three work- hours per helicopter to rework the top cable-cutter assembly, one work... would be $255 per helicopter to rework the top cable-cutter assembly, $9,085 per helicopter to replace... 4G9540A00111, either: (i) Rework the top cable cutter assembly, P/N 423-83001-1, in accordance with the...

78 FR 34279 - Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron Canada Limited (Bell) Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-07

.... Discussion Transport Canada (TC), which is the aviation authority for Canada, has issued TC AD No. CF-2005-24, dated July 4, 2005, to correct an unsafe condition for Model 230 helicopters. TC advises of several... these failures have occurred on the same engine used by Bell on Model 230 helicopters. According to TC...

77 FR 27661 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-11

... Deutschland GmbH Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed... Deutschland GmbH (ECD) model EC135 helicopters, except the EC 135 P2+ and T2+. This proposed AD was prompted...) Applicability This AD applies to all Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH (ECD) Model EC135 helicopters, except EC 135 P2...

77 FR 72913 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-07

... Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA... Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH (ECD) Model EC135 helicopters, except the EC 135 P2+ and T2+. This AD requires... apply to all Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH (ECD) model EC135 helicopters, except the EC 135 P2+ and T2...

KSC-00pp1798

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At S.R. 3 a NASA helicopter returns to Patrick Air Force Base. The helicopter is one of four UH-1H helicopters that have had its blades painted, changing the previous black color to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

KSC00pp1798

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At S.R. 3 a NASA helicopter returns to Patrick Air Force Base. The helicopter is one of four UH-1H helicopters that have had its blades painted, changing the previous black color to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

Studies of the Lateral-Directional Flying Qualities of a Tandem Helicopter in Forward Flight

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Amer, Kenneth B; Tapscott, Robert J

1954-01-01

An investigation of the lateral-directional flying qualities of a tandem-rotor helicopter in forward flight was undertaken to determine desirable goals for helicopter lateral-directional flying qualities and possible methods of achieving these goals in the tandem-rotor helicopter. Comparison between directional stability as measured in flight and rotor-off model tests in a wind tunnel shows qualitative agreement and, hence, indicates such wind-tunnel test, despite the absence of the rotors, to be one effective method of studying means of improving the directional stability of the tandem helicopter. Flight-test measurements of turns and oscillations, in conjunction with analytical studies, suggest possible practical methods of achieving the goals of satisfactory turn and oscillatory characteristics in the tandem helicopter.

KSC-00pp1796

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At S.R. 3 a pilot prepares a NASA helicopter for a return flight to Patrick Air Force Base. The helicopter is one of four UH-1H helicopters that have had its blades painted, changing the previous black color to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

KSC-00pp1797

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At S.R. 3 a NASA helicopter lifts off to return to Patrick Air Force Base. The helicopter is one of four UH-1H helicopters that have had its blades painted, changing the previous black color to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

KSC00pp1796

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At S.R. 3 a pilot prepares a NASA helicopter for a return flight to Patrick Air Force Base. The helicopter is one of four UH-1H helicopters that have had its blades painted, changing the previous black color to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

A NASA helicopter arrives at KSC for painting

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

A NASA helicopter from Patrick Air Force Base is about to land on S.R. 3. It is one of four UH-1H helicopters that will have its blades painted, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control.

KSC00pp1797

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At S.R. 3 a NASA helicopter lifts off to return to Patrick Air Force Base. The helicopter is one of four UH-1H helicopters that have had its blades painted, changing the previous black color to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

Correlation study between vibrational environmental and failure rates of civil helicopter components

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Alaniz, O.

1979-01-01

An investigation of two selected helicopter types, namely, the Models 206A/B and 212, is reported. An analysis of the available vibration and reliability data for these two helicopter types resulted in the selection of ten components located in five different areas of the helicopter and consisting primarily of instruments, electrical components, and other noncritical flight hardware. The potential for advanced technology in suppressing vibration in helicopters was assessed. The are still several unknowns concerning both the vibration environment and the reliability of helicopter noncritical flight components. Vibration data for the selected components were either insufficient or inappropriate. The maintenance data examined for the selected components were inappropriate due to variations in failure mode identification, inconsistent reporting, or inaccurate informaton.

NASA helicopter blades get new paint job for safety

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

A NASA UH-1H helicopter is prepared for transfer back to Patrick Air Force Base after being painted. The blades of four NASA UH-1H helicopters were repainted, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control.

Helicopter human factors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hart, Sandra G.

1988-01-01

The state-of-the-art helicopter and its pilot are examined using the tools of human-factors analysis. The significant role of human error in helicopter accidents is discussed; the history of human-factors research on helicopters is briefly traced; the typical flight tasks are described; and the noise, vibration, and temperature conditions typical of modern military helicopters are characterized. Also considered are helicopter controls, cockpit instruments and displays, and the impact of cockpit design on pilot workload. Particular attention is given to possible advanced-technology improvements, such as control stabilization and augmentation, FBW and fly-by-light systems, multifunction displays, night-vision goggles, pilot night-vision systems, night-vision displays with superimposed symbols, target acquisition and designation systems, and aural displays. Diagrams, drawings, and photographs are provided.

ReSEARCH: A Requirements Search Engine: Progress Report 2

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-01

and provides a convenient user interface for the search process. Ideally, the web application would be based on Tomcat, a free Java Servlet and JSP...Implementation issues Lucene Java is an Open Source project, available under the Apache License, which provides an accessible API for the development of...from the Apache Lucene website (Lucene- java Wiki , 2008). A search application developed with Lucene consists of the same two major com- ponents

Information Flow Integrity for Systems of Independently-Developed Components

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-22

We also examined three programs (Apache, MySQL , and PHP) in detail to evaluate the efficacy of using the provided package test suites to generate...method are just as effective as hooks that were manually placed over the course of years while greatly reducing the burden on programmers. ”Leveraging...to validate optimizations of real-world, mature applications: the Apache software suite, the Mozilla Suite, and the MySQL database. ”Validating Library

Charters, Constitutions and By-Laws of the Indian Tribes of North America; Part III: The Southwest (Apache--Mohave). Occasional Publications in Anthropology Ethnology Series No. 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fay, George E., Comp.

The Museum of Anthropology of the University of Northern Colorado (formerly known as Colorado State College) has assembled a large number of Indian tribal charters, constitutions, and by-laws to be reproduced as a series of publications. Included in this volume are the amended charter and constitution of the Jicarilla Apache Tribe, Dulce, New…

25 CFR 183.4 - How can the Tribe use the principal and income from the Trust Fund?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false How can the Tribe use the principal and income from the Trust Fund? 183.4 Section 183.4 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LAND AND WATER USE AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND Trust Fund Disposition Use o...

25 CFR 183.3 - Does the American Indian Trust Fund Management Reform Act of 1994 apply to this part?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Does the American Indian Trust Fund Management Reform Act of 1994 apply to this part? 183.3 Section 183.3 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LAND AND WATER USE AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE DEVELOPMENT TRUST FUND AND SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE LEASE FUND...

Optimizing CMS build infrastructure via Apache Mesos

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abdurachmanov, David; Degano, Alessandro; Elmer, Peter; Eulisse, Giulio; Mendez, David; Muzaffar, Shahzad

2015-12-01

The Offline Software of the CMS Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN consists of 6M lines of in-house code, developed over a decade by nearly 1000 physicists, as well as a comparable amount of general use open-source code. A critical ingredient to the success of the construction and early operation of the WLCG was the convergence, around the year 2000, on the use of a homogeneous environment of commodity x86-64 processors and Linux. Apache Mesos is a cluster manager that provides efficient resource isolation and sharing across distributed applications, or frameworks. It can run Hadoop, Jenkins, Spark, Aurora, and other applications on a dynamically shared pool of nodes. We present how we migrated our continuous integration system to schedule jobs on a relatively small Apache Mesos enabled cluster and how this resulted in better resource usage, higher peak performance and lower latency thanks to the dynamic scheduling capabilities of Mesos.

Equipment for pre-hospital airway management on Helicopter Emergency Medical System helicopters in central Europe.

PubMed

Schmid, M; Schüttler, J; Ey, K; Reichenbach, M; Trimmel, H; Mang, H

2011-05-01

For advanced out-of-hospital airway management, skilled personnel and adequate equipment are key prerequisites. There are little data on the current availability of airway management equipment and standards of medical staff on Helicopter Emergency Medical System (HEMS) helicopters in central Europe. An internet search identified all HEMS helicopters in Austria, Switzerland and Luxembourg. We identified 15 HEMS helicopter bases in Switzerland, 28 in Austria and three in Luxembourg. A questionnaire was sent to all bases, asking both for the details of the clinical background and experience of participating staff, and details of airway management equipment carried routinely on board. Replies were received from 14 helicopter bases in Switzerland (93%), 25 bases in Austria (89%) and all three bases in Luxembourg. Anaesthesiologists were by far the most frequent attending physicians (68-85%). All except one bases reported to have at least one alternative supraglottic airway device. All bases had capnometry and succinylcholine. All bases in the study except two in Austria had commercial pre-packed sets for a surgical airway. All helicopters were equipped with automatic ventilators, although not all were suitable for non-invasive ventilation (NIV; Switzerland: 43%, Austria: 12%, Luxembourg: 100%). Masks for NIV were rarely available in Switzerland (two bases; 14%) and in Austria (three bases; 12%), whereas all three bases in Luxembourg carried those masks. Most HEMS helicopters carry appropriate equipment to meet the demands of modern advanced airway management in the pre-hospital setting. Further work is needed to ensure that appropriate airway equipment is carried on all HEMS helicopters.

Development of a Field-Deployable Psychomotor Vigilance Test to Monitor Helicopter Pilot Performance.

PubMed

McMahon, Terry W; Newman, David G

2016-04-01

Flying a helicopter is a complex psychomotor skill. Fatigue is a serious threat to operational safety, particularly for sustained helicopter operations involving high levels of cognitive information processing and sustained time on task. As part of ongoing research into this issue, the object of this study was to develop a field-deployable helicopter-specific psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) for the purpose of daily performance monitoring of pilots. The PVT consists of a laptop computer, a hand-operated joystick, and a set of rudder pedals. Screen-based compensatory tracking task software includes a tracking ball (operated by the joystick) which moves randomly in all directions, and a second tracking ball which moves horizontally (operated by the rudder pedals). The 5-min test requires the pilot to keep both tracking balls centered. This helicopter-specific PVT's portability and integrated data acquisition and storage system enables daily field monitoring of the performance of individual helicopter pilots. The inclusion of a simultaneous foot-operated tracking task ensures divided attention for helicopter pilots as the movement of both tracking balls requires simultaneous inputs. This PVT is quick, economical, easy to use, and specific to the operational flying task. It can be used for performance monitoring purposes, and as a general research tool for investigating the psychomotor demands of helicopter operations. While reliability and validity testing is warranted, data acquired from this test could help further our understanding of the effect of various factors (such as fatigue) on helicopter pilot performance, with the potential of contributing to helicopter operational safety.

Surviving helicopter crashes at sea: a review of studies of underwater egress from helicopters.

PubMed

Ryack, B L; Luria, S M; Smith, P F

1986-06-01

The problem of escaping from a submerged helicopter is discussed. The effectiveness of illuminated escape hatches in facilitating escape has been demonstrated. The relative advantages of different types of lights are compared. Escape training, illuminating the emergency exits, and providing breathing devices should greatly enhance the chances of survival in a helicopter crash at sea.

33 CFR 149.696 - What are the requirements for a helicopter landing deck safety net?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false What are the requirements for a helicopter landing deck safety net? 149.696 Section 149.696 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... helicopter landing deck safety net? A helicopter landing deck safety net must comply with 46 CFR 108.235...

33 CFR 149.696 - What are the requirements for a helicopter landing deck safety net?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false What are the requirements for a helicopter landing deck safety net? 149.696 Section 149.696 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... helicopter landing deck safety net? A helicopter landing deck safety net must comply with 46 CFR 108.235...

33 CFR 149.417 - What firefighting equipment must a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have? 149.417 Section 149.417 Navigation and... § 149.417 What firefighting equipment must a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have? Each helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port must have the following: (a) A fire hydrant and...

33 CFR 149.696 - What are the requirements for a helicopter landing deck safety net?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What are the requirements for a helicopter landing deck safety net? 149.696 Section 149.696 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... helicopter landing deck safety net? A helicopter landing deck safety net must comply with 46 CFR 108.235...

33 CFR 149.696 - What are the requirements for a helicopter landing deck safety net?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false What are the requirements for a helicopter landing deck safety net? 149.696 Section 149.696 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... helicopter landing deck safety net? A helicopter landing deck safety net must comply with 46 CFR 108.235...

Will future helicopters be diesel powered

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1982-05-01

An investigator has found that, if current gas turbine engines in helicopters are replaced by compound adiabatic diesel engines, fuel savings of 40% are possible. This would hold true if the diesel engines are retrofitted to the current helicopter fleet or adapted to new helicopter designs. Problems such as engine placement, weight, and lubrication exist but may be surmountable with proper design.

33 CFR 149.417 - What firefighting equipment must a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have? 149.417 Section 149.417 Navigation and... § 149.417 What firefighting equipment must a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have? Each helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port must have the following: (a) A fire hydrant and...

33 CFR 149.417 - What firefighting equipment must a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have? 149.417 Section 149.417 Navigation and... § 149.417 What firefighting equipment must a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have? Each helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port must have the following: (a) A fire hydrant and...

14 CFR 61.64 - Use of a flight simulator and flight training device.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... helicopter is not used during the practical test for a type rating in a helicopter (except for preflight... and the applicant must meet one of the following requirements— (1) Hold a type rating in a helicopter... appointed by the U.S. Armed Forces as pilot in command of a helicopter; (3) Have 500 hours of flight time in...

33 CFR 149.417 - What firefighting equipment must a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have? 149.417 Section 149.417 Navigation and... § 149.417 What firefighting equipment must a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have? Each helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port must have the following: (a) A fire hydrant and...

33 CFR 149.417 - What firefighting equipment must a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have? 149.417 Section 149.417 Navigation and... § 149.417 What firefighting equipment must a helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port have? Each helicopter landing deck on a manned deepwater port must have the following: (a) A fire hydrant and...

33 CFR 149.696 - What are the requirements for a helicopter landing deck safety net?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false What are the requirements for a helicopter landing deck safety net? 149.696 Section 149.696 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... helicopter landing deck safety net? A helicopter landing deck safety net must comply with 46 CFR 108.235...

78 FR 40055 - Airworthiness Directives; Agusta S.p.A. Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-03

.... We also estimate that it would take about 3 work-hours per helicopter to rework the top cable cutter... helicopter to rework the top cable cutter assembly, $9,085 per helicopter to replace the top cable cutter... installing a WSPS upper installation, P/N 4G9540A00111, either: (i) Rework the top cable cutter assembly, P/N...

78 FR 34290 - Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron Canada Limited (Bell) Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-07

.... Discussion Transport Canada (TC), which is the aviation authority for Canada, has issued TC AD No. CF-2005-25, dated July 5, 2005, to correct an unsafe condition for Model 430 helicopters. TC advises of several... turbine wheel is installed on the 250-C40B engine used by Bell on Model 430 helicopters. According to TC...

Noise measurement flight test: Data-analyses Aerospatiale SA-365N Dauphin 2 helicopter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Newman, J. S.; Rickely, E. J.; Daboin, S. A.; Beattie, K. R.

1984-04-01

This report documents the results of a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) noise measurement flight test program with the Dauphin twin-jet helicopter. The report contains documentary sections describing the acoustical characteristics of the subject helicopter and provides analyses and discussions addressing topics ranging from acoustical propagation to environmental impact of helicopter noise. This report is the second in a series of seven documenting the FAA helicopter noise measurement program conducted at Dulles International Airport during the summer of 1983. The Dauphin test program involved the acquisition of detailed acoustical, position and meteorological data. This test program was designed to address a series of objectives including: (1) acquisition of acoustical data for use in assessing heliport environment impact, (2) documentation of directivity characteristics for static operation of helicopters, (3) establishment of ground-to-ground and air-to-ground acoustical propagation relationships for helicopters, (4) determination of noise event duration influences on energy dose acoustical metrics, (5) examination of the differences between noise measured by a surface mounted microphone and a microphone mounted at a height of four feet (1.2 meters), and (6) documentation of noise levels acquired using international helicopter noise certification test procedures.

Results of the flight noise measurement program using a standard and modified SH-3A helicopter

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pegg, R. J.; Henderson, H. R.; Hilton, D. A.

1973-01-01

A field noise measurement program has been conducted using both a standard SH-3A helicopter and an SH-3A helicopter modified to reduce external noise levels. Modifications included reducing rotor speed, increasing the number of rotor blades, modifying the blade-tip shapes, and acoustically treating the engine air intakes and exhaust. The purpose of this study was to document the noise characteristics recorded on the ground of each helicopter during flyby, hover, landing, and take-off operations. Based on an analysis of the measured results, the average of the overhead, overall, ontrack noise levels was approximately 4 db lower for the modified helicopter than for the standard helicopter. The improved in-flight noise characteristics, and associated small footprint areas and time durations, were judged to be mainly due to tail-rotor noise reductions. The noise reductions were obtained at the expense of required power increases at airspeeds greater than 70 knots for the modified helicopter.

[Rescue helicopters in secondary missions].

PubMed

Gorgass, B; Frey, G

1977-11-03

During the last five years, we have had to fly 560 primary and 1150 secondary missions with the rescue helicopter of the Ulm Rescue Centre. This relationship of approximately 1 : 2 is distinctly different from the numbers obtained in other helicopter bases. The geographical location and structure of the hospitals within range of the Ulm rescue helicopter account for the large proportion of urgent secondary missions. The evaluation of these secondary missions concurs with the ADAC statistics and shows that the quick transport of the emergency doctor to the scene of the emergency, is only one component in the functions of the rescue helicopter. During primary and secondary missions, the ability to transport emergency patients to the nearest qualified hospital by helicopter, which is a mobile intensive care unit, is of equal importance. In the future, rescue helicopters will have to take these requirements into account by providing the necessary equipment and more especially, by providing sufficient space to carry out emergency diagnostic and therapeutic treatment.

Combination of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, early lactate area, and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide levels as a predictor of mortality in geriatric patients with septic shock.

PubMed

Wang, Hao; Li, Zhong; Yin, Mei; Chen, Xiao-Mei; Ding, Shi-Fang; Li, Chen; Zhai, Qian; Li, Yuan; Liu, Han; Wu, Da-Wei

2015-04-01

Given the high mortality rates in elderly patients with septic shock, the early recognition of patients at greatest risk of death is crucial for the implementation of early intervention strategies. Serum lactate and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels are often elevated in elderly patients with septic shock and are therefore important biomarkers of metabolic and cardiac dysfunction. We hypothesized that a risk stratification system that incorporates the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score and lactate and NT-proBNP biomarkers would better predict mortality in geriatric patients with septic shock than the APACHE II score alone. A single-center prospective study was conducted from January 2012 to December 2013 in a 30-bed intensive care unit of a triservice hospital. The lactate area score was defined as the sum of the area under the curve of serial lactate levels measured during the 24 hours following admission divided by 24. The NT-proBNP score was assigned based on NT-proBNP levels measured at admission. The combined score was calculated by adding the lactate area and NT-proBNP scores to the APACHE II score. Multivariate logistic regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate which variables and scoring systems served as the best predictors of mortality in elderly septic patients. A total of 115 patients with septic shock were included in the study. The overall 28-day mortality rate was 67.0%. When compared to survivors, nonsurvivors had significantly higher lactate area scores, NT-proBNP scores, APACHE II scores, and combined scores. In the multivariate regression model, the combined score, lactate area score, and mechanical ventilation were independent risk factors associated with death. Receiver operating characteristic curves indicated that the combined score had significantly greater predictive power when compared to the APACHE II score or the NT-proBNP score (P < .05). A combined score that incorporates the APACHE II score with early lactate area and NT-proBNP levels is a useful method for risk stratification in geriatric patients with septic shock. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Case mix, outcome and activity for obstetric admissions to adult, general critical care units: a secondary analysis of the ICNARC Case Mix Programme Database

PubMed Central

2005-01-01

Introduction Risk prediction scores usually overestimate mortality in obstetric populations because mortality rates in this group are considerably lower than in others. Studies examining this effect were generally small and did not distinguish between obstetric and nonobstetric pathologies. We evaluated the performance of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II model in obstetric admissions to critical care units contributing to the ICNARC Case Mix Programme. Methods All obstetric admissions were extracted from the ICNARC Case Mix Programme Database of 219,468 admissions to UK critical care units from 1995 to 2003 inclusive. Cases were divided into direct obstetric pathologies and indirect or coincidental pathologies, and compared with a control cohort of all women aged 16–50 years not included in the obstetric categories. The predictive ability of APACHE II was evaluated in the three groups. A prognostic model was developed for direct obstetric admissions to predict the risk for hospital mortality. A log-linear model was developed to predict the length of stay in the critical care unit. Results A total of 1452 direct obstetric admissions were identified, the most common pathologies being haemorrhage and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. There were 278 admissions identified as indirect or coincidental and 22,938 in the nonpregnant control cohort. Hospital mortality rates were 2.2%, 6.0% and 19.6% for the direct obstetric group, the indirect or coincidental group, and the control cohort, respectively. Cox regression calibration analysis showed a reasonable fit of the APACHE II model for the nonpregnant control cohort (slope = 1.1, intercept = -0.1). However, the APACHE II model vastly overestimated mortality for obstetric admissions (mortality ratio = 0.25). Risk prediction modelling demonstrated that the Glasgow Coma Scale score was the best discriminator between survival and death in obstetric admissions. Conclusion This study confirms that APACHE II overestimates mortality in obstetric admissions to critical care units. This may be because of the physiological changes in pregnancy or the unique scoring profile of obstetric pathologies such as HELLP syndrome. It may be possible to recalibrate the APACHE II score for obstetric admissions or to devise an alternative score specifically for obstetric admissions.

The effect of operations on the ground noise footprints associated with a large multibladed, nonbanging helicopter

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hilton, D. A.; Henderson, H. R.; Maglieri, D. J.; Bigler, W. B., II

1978-01-01

In order to expand the data base of helicopter external noise characteristics, a flyover noise measurement program was conducted utilizing the NASA Civil Helicopter Research Aircraft. The remotely operated multiple array acoustics range (ROMAAR) and a 2560-m linear microphone array were utilized for the purpose of documenting the noise characteristics of the test helicopter during flyby and landing operations. By utilizing both ROMAAR concept and the linear array, the data necessary to plot the ground noise footprints and noise radiation patterns were obtained. Examples of the measured noise signature of the test helicopter, the ground noise footprint or contours, and the directivity patterns measured during level flyby and landing operations of a large, multibladed, nonbanging helicopter, the CH-53, are presented.

The Helicopter Antenna Radiation Prediction Code (HARP)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Klevenow, F. T.; Lynch, B. G.; Newman, E. H.; Rojas, R. G.; Scheick, J. T.; Shamansky, H. T.; Sze, K. Y.

1990-01-01

The first nine months effort in the development of a user oriented computer code, referred to as the HARP code, for analyzing the radiation from helicopter antennas is described. The HARP code uses modern computer graphics to aid in the description and display of the helicopter geometry. At low frequencies the helicopter is modeled by polygonal plates, and the method of moments is used to compute the desired patterns. At high frequencies the helicopter is modeled by a composite ellipsoid and flat plates, and computations are made using the geometrical theory of diffraction. The HARP code will provide a user friendly interface, employing modern computer graphics, to aid the user to describe the helicopter geometry, select the method of computation, construct the desired high or low frequency model, and display the results.

Research requirements to improve safety of civil helicopters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Waters, K. T.

1977-01-01

Helicopter and fixed-wing accident data were reviewed and major accident causal factors were established. The impact of accidents on insurance rates was examined and the differences in fixed-wing and helicopter accident costs discussed. The state of the art in civil helicopter safety was compared to military helicopters. Goals were established based on incorporation of known technology and achievable improvements that require development, as well as administrative-type changes such as the impact of improved operational planning, training, and human factors effects. Specific R and D recommendations are provided with an estimation of the payoffs, timing, and development costs.

Advanced Control System Increases Helicopter Safety

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2008-01-01

With support and funding from a Phase II NASA SBIR project from Ames Research Center, Hoh Aeronautics Inc. (HAI), of Lomita, California, produced HeliSAS, a low-cost, lightweight, attitude-command-attitude-hold stability augmentation system (SAS) for civil helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles. HeliSAS proved itself in over 160 hours of flight testing and demonstrations in a Robinson R44 Raven helicopter, a commercial helicopter popular with news broadcasting and police operations. Chelton Flight Systems, of Boise, Idaho, negotiated with HAI to develop, market, and manufacture HeliSAS, now available as the Chelton HeliSAS Digital Helicopter Autopilot.

Automatic guidance and control laws for helicopter obstacle avoidance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cheng, Victor H. L.; Lam, T.

1992-01-01

The authors describe the implementation of a full-function guidance and control system for automatic obstacle avoidance in helicopter nap-of-the-earth (NOE) flight. The guidance function assumes that the helicopter is sufficiently responsive so that the flight path can be readily adjusted at NOE speeds. The controller, basically an autopilot for following the derived flight path, was implemented with parameter values to control a generic helicopter model used in the simulation. Evaluation of the guidance and control system with a 3-dimensional graphical helicopter simulation suggests that the guidance has the potential for providing good and meaningful flight trajectories.

A method for determining internal noise criteria based on practical speech communication applied to helicopters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sternfeld, H., Jr.; Doyle, L. B.

1978-01-01

The relationship between the internal noise environment of helicopters and the ability of personnel to understand commands and instructions was studied. A test program was conducted to relate speech intelligibility to a standard measurement called Articulation Index. An acoustical simulator was used to provide noise environments typical of Army helicopters. Speech material (command sentences and phonetically balanced word lists) were presented at several voice levels in each helicopter environment. Recommended helicopter internal noise criteria, based on speech communication, were derived and the effectiveness of hearing protection devices were evaluated.

NASA helicopter blades get new paint job for safety

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

Workers paint the blades of a NASA UH-1H helicopter, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control.

Association Between Helicopter vs Ground Emergency Medical Services and Survival for Adults With Major Trauma

PubMed Central

Galvagno, Samuel M.; Haut, Elliott R.; Zafar, S. Nabeel; Millin, Michael G.; Efron, David T.; Koenig, George J.; Baker, Susan P.; Bowman, Stephen M.; Pronovost, Peter J.; Haider, Adil H.

2012-01-01

Context Helicopter emergency medical services and their possible effect on outcomes for traumatically injured patients remain a subject of debate. Because helicopter services are a limited and expensive resource, a methodologically rigorous investigation of its effectiveness compared with ground emergency medical services is warranted. Objective To assess the association between the use of helicopter vs ground services and survival among adults with serious traumatic injuries. Design, Setting, and Participants Retrospective cohort study involving 223 475 patients older than 15 years, having an injury severity score higher than 15, and sustaining blunt or penetrating trauma that required transport to US level I or II trauma centers and whose data were recorded in the 2007–2009 versions of the American College of Surgeons National Trauma Data Bank. Interventions Transport by helicopter or ground emergency services to level I or level II trauma centers. Main Outcome Measures Survival to hospital discharge and discharge disposition. Results A total of 61 909 patients were transported by helicopter and 161 566 patients were transported by ground. Overall, 7813 patients (12.6%) transported by helicopter died compared with 17 775 patients (11%) transported by ground services. Before propensity score matching, patients transported by helicopter to level I and level II trauma centers had higher Injury Severity Scores. In the propensity score–matched multivariable regression model, for patients transported to level I trauma centers, helicopter transport was associated with an improved odds of survival compared with ground transport (odds ratio [OR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.14–1.17; P<.001; absolute risk reduction [ARR], 1.5%). For patients transported to level II trauma centers, helicopter transport was associated with an improved odds of survival (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.13–1.17; P < .001; ARR, 1.4%). A greater proportion (18.2%) of those transported to level I trauma centers by helicopter were discharged to rehabilitation compared with 12.7% transported by ground services (P < .001), and 9.3% transported by helicopter were discharged to intermediate facilities compared with 6.5% by ground services (P < .001). Fewer patients transported by helicopter left level II trauma centers against medical advice (0.5% vs 1.0%, P < .001). Conclusion Among patients with major trauma admitted to level I or level II trauma centers, transport by helicopter compared with ground services was associated with improved survival to hospital discharge after controlling for multiple known confounders. PMID:22511688

Poisoning severity score, APACHE II and GCS: effective clinical indices for estimating severity and predicting outcome of acute organophosphorus and carbamate poisoning.

PubMed

Sam, Kishore Gnana; Kondabolu, Krishnakanth; Pati, Dipanwita; Kamath, Asha; Pradeep Kumar, G; Rao, Padma G M

2009-07-01

Self-poisoning with organophosphorus (OP) compounds is a major cause of morbidity and mortality across South Asian countries. To develop uniform and effective management guidelines, the severity of acute OP poisoning should be assessed through scientific methods and a clinical database should be maintained. A prospective descriptive survey was carried out to assess the utility of severity scales in predicting the outcome of 71 organophosphate (OP) and carbamate poisoning patients admitted during a one year period at the Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, India. The Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) scores, predicted mortality rate (PMR) and Poisoning severity score (PSS) were estimated within 24h of admission. Significant correlation (P<0.05) between PSS and GCS and APACHE II and PMR scores were observed with the PSS scores predicting mortality significantly (P< or =0.001). A total of 84.5% patients improved after treatment while 8.5% of the patients were discharged with severe morbidity. The mortality rate was 7.0%. Suicidal poisoning was observed to be the major cause (80.2%), while other reasons attributed were occupational (9.1%), accidental (6.6%), homicidal (1.6%) and unknown (2.5%) reasons. This study highlights the application of clinical indices like GCS, APACHE, PMR and severity scores in predicting mortality and may be considered for planning standard treatment guidelines.

Efficient Streaming Mass Spatio-Temporal Vehicle Data Access in Urban Sensor Networks Based on Apache Storm

PubMed Central

Zhou, Lianjie; Chen, Nengcheng; Chen, Zeqiang

2017-01-01

The efficient data access of streaming vehicle data is the foundation of analyzing, using and mining vehicle data in smart cities, which is an approach to understand traffic environments. However, the number of vehicles in urban cities has grown rapidly, reaching hundreds of thousands in number. Accessing the mass streaming data of vehicles is hard and takes a long time due to limited computation capability and backward modes. We propose an efficient streaming spatio-temporal data access based on Apache Storm (ESDAS) to achieve real-time streaming data access and data cleaning. As a popular streaming data processing tool, Apache Storm can be applied to streaming mass data access and real time data cleaning. By designing the Spout/bolt workflow of topology in ESDAS and by developing the speeding bolt and other bolts, Apache Storm can achieve the prospective aim. In our experiments, Taiyuan BeiDou bus location data is selected as the mass spatio-temporal data source. In the experiments, the data access results with different bolts are shown in map form, and the filtered buses’ aggregation forms are different. In terms of performance evaluation, the consumption time in ESDAS for ten thousand records per second for a speeding bolt is approximately 300 milliseconds, and that for MongoDB is approximately 1300 milliseconds. The efficiency of ESDAS is approximately three times higher than that of MongoDB. PMID:28394287

Factors associated with pulmonary dysfunction in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery with use of intra-aortic balloon pump.

PubMed

Amaral Gonçalves Fusatto, Helena; Castilho de Figueiredo, Luciana; Ragonete Dos Anjos Agostini, Ana Paula; Sibinelli, Melissa; Dragosavac, Desanka

2018-01-01

The aim of this study was to identify pulmonary dysfunction and factors associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation, hospital stay, weaning failure and mortality in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). This observational study analyzed respiratory, surgical, clinical and demographic variables and related them to outcomes. We analyzed 39 patients with a mean age of 61.2 years. Pulmonary dysfunction, characterized by mildly impaired gas exchange, was present from the immediate postoperative period to the third postoperative day. Mechanical ventilation time was influenced by the use of IABP and PaO2/FiO2, female gender and smoking. Intensive care unit (ICU) stay was influenced by APACHE II score and use of IABP. Mortality was strongly influenced by APACHE II score, followed by weaning failure. Pulmonary dysfunction was present from the first to the third postoperative day. Mechanical ventilation time was influenced by female gender, smoking, duration of IABP use and PaO2/FiO2 on the first postoperative day. ICU stay was influenced by APACHE II score and duration of IABP. Mortality was influenced by APACHE II score, followed by weaning failure. Copyright © 2017 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Large-scale virtual screening on public cloud resources with Apache Spark.

PubMed

Capuccini, Marco; Ahmed, Laeeq; Schaal, Wesley; Laure, Erwin; Spjuth, Ola

2017-01-01

Structure-based virtual screening is an in-silico method to screen a target receptor against a virtual molecular library. Applying docking-based screening to large molecular libraries can be computationally expensive, however it constitutes a trivially parallelizable task. Most of the available parallel implementations are based on message passing interface, relying on low failure rate hardware and fast network connection. Google's MapReduce revolutionized large-scale analysis, enabling the processing of massive datasets on commodity hardware and cloud resources, providing transparent scalability and fault tolerance at the software level. Open source implementations of MapReduce include Apache Hadoop and the more recent Apache Spark. We developed a method to run existing docking-based screening software on distributed cloud resources, utilizing the MapReduce approach. We benchmarked our method, which is implemented in Apache Spark, docking a publicly available target receptor against [Formula: see text]2.2 M compounds. The performance experiments show a good parallel efficiency (87%) when running in a public cloud environment. Our method enables parallel Structure-based virtual screening on public cloud resources or commodity computer clusters. The degree of scalability that we achieve allows for trying out our method on relatively small libraries first and then to scale to larger libraries. Our implementation is named Spark-VS and it is freely available as open source from GitHub (https://github.com/mcapuccini/spark-vs).Graphical abstract.

Efficient Streaming Mass Spatio-Temporal Vehicle Data Access in Urban Sensor Networks Based on Apache Storm.

PubMed

Zhou, Lianjie; Chen, Nengcheng; Chen, Zeqiang

2017-04-10

The efficient data access of streaming vehicle data is the foundation of analyzing, using and mining vehicle data in smart cities, which is an approach to understand traffic environments. However, the number of vehicles in urban cities has grown rapidly, reaching hundreds of thousands in number. Accessing the mass streaming data of vehicles is hard and takes a long time due to limited computation capability and backward modes. We propose an efficient streaming spatio-temporal data access based on Apache Storm (ESDAS) to achieve real-time streaming data access and data cleaning. As a popular streaming data processing tool, Apache Storm can be applied to streaming mass data access and real time data cleaning. By designing the Spout/bolt workflow of topology in ESDAS and by developing the speeding bolt and other bolts, Apache Storm can achieve the prospective aim. In our experiments, Taiyuan BeiDou bus location data is selected as the mass spatio-temporal data source. In the experiments, the data access results with different bolts are shown in map form, and the filtered buses' aggregation forms are different. In terms of performance evaluation, the consumption time in ESDAS for ten thousand records per second for a speeding bolt is approximately 300 milliseconds, and that for MongoDB is approximately 1300 milliseconds. The efficiency of ESDAS is approximately three times higher than that of MongoDB.

Helicopter fuel burn modeling in AEDT.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-08-01

This report documents work done to enhance helicopter fuel consumption modeling in the Federal Aviation : Administrations Aviation Environmental Design Tool (AEDT). Fuel consumption and flight performance data : were collected from helicopter flig...

Portable-Beacon Landing System for Helicopters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Davis, Thomas J.; Clary, George R.; Chisholm, John P.; Macdonald, Stanley L.

1987-01-01

Prototype beacon landing system (BLS) allows helicopters to make precise landings in all weather. BLS easily added to existing helicopter avionic equipment and readily deployed at remote sites. Small and light, system employs X-band radar and digital processing. Variety of beams pulsed sequentially by ground station after initial interrogation by weather radar of approaching helicopter. Airborne microprocessor processes pulses to determine glide slope, course deviation, and range.

Overuse of helicopter transport in the minimally injured: A health care system problem that should be corrected.

PubMed

Vercruysse, Gary A; Friese, Randall S; Khalil, Mazhar; Ibrahim-Zada, Irada; Zangbar, Bardiya; Hashmi, Ammar; Tang, Andrew; O'Keeffe, Terrence; Kulvatunyou, Narong; Green, Donald J; Gries, Lynn; Joseph, Bellal; Rhee, Peter M

2015-03-01

Mortality benefit has been demonstrated for trauma patients transported via helicopter but at great cost. This study identified patients who did not benefit from helicopter transport to our facility and demonstrates potential cost savings when transported instead by ground. We performed a 6-year (2007-2013) retrospective analysis of all trauma patients presenting to our center. Patients with a known mode of transfer were included in the study. Patients with missing data and those who were dead on arrival were excluded from the study. Patients were then dichotomized into helicopter transfer and ground transfer groups. A subanalysis was performed between minimally injured patients (ISS < 5) in both the groups after propensity score matching for demographics, injury severity parameters, and admission vital parameters. Groups were then compared for hospital and emergency department length of stay, early discharge, and mortality. Of 5,202 transferred patients, 18.9% (981) were transferred via helicopter and 76.7% (3,992) were transferred via ground transport. Helicopter-transferred patients had longer hospital (p = 0.001) and intensive care unit (p = 0.001) stays. There was no difference in mortality between the groups (p = 0.6).On subanalysis of minimally injured patients there was no difference in hospital length of stay (p = 0.1) and early discharge (p = 0.6) between the helicopter transfer and ground transfer group. Average helicopter transfer cost at our center was $18,000, totaling $4,860,000 for 270 minimally injured helicopter-transferred patients. Nearly one third of patients transported by helicopter were minimally injured. Policies to identify patients who do not benefit from helicopter transport should be developed. Significant reduction in transport cost can be made by judicious selection of patients. Education to physicians calling for transport and identification of alternate means of transportation would be both safe and financially beneficial to our system. Epidemiologic study, level III. Therapeutic study, level IV.

Pitch-Plane Angular Displacement Perception During Helicopter Flight and Gondola Centrifugation.

PubMed

Tribukait, Arne; Bergsten, Eddie; Eiken, Ola

During hovering with a helicopter, an involuntary change in attitude (during brownout) results in reduced lifting force and a horizontal acceleration component. This movement pattern is difficult to perceive via the otolith organs. If the angular displacement occurs rapidly, it will, however, activate the semicircular canals. The major aim of this study was to establish to what extent pitch-plane angular displacements can be perceived based on canal information when there is no tilt stimulus to the otoliths. In a helicopter, 9 nonpilots (N) and 8 helicopter pilots (P) underwent 5-6 pitch-forward displacements (magnitude 14-33°, angular velocity 2-7° · s -1 ). In a swing-out gondola centrifuge, 9 N and 3 P were exposed to a similar canal-otolith conflict (acceleration, seated centripetally) with four displacements of 25° and two of 60°. The visually perceived eye level (VPEL) was continuously recorded using an adjustable luminous dot in darkness. For each helicopter dive and centrifuge run the gain was calculated as the ratio (VPEL deflection)/(displacement of helicopter or gondola). In the helicopter there was no difference between N (0.28 ± 0.13) and P (0.36 ± 0.22). In the centrifuge the gains were 0.34 ± 0.18° (25° displacements) and 0.30 ± 0.16° (60° displacements). Values obtained in the helicopter did not differ significantly from those in the centrifuge. There was a correlation between data obtained during the 25° and 60° displacements in the centrifuge. There was a pronounced underestimation of pitch angular displacements in a helicopter. The interindividual variability was considerable. Gains for perceived displacement were similar in helicopter and centrifuge. Tribukait A, Bergsten E, Eiken O. Pitch-plane angular displacement perception during helicopter flight and gondola centrifugation. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2016; 87(10):852-861.

Prehospital helicopter transport and survival of patients with traumatic brain injury.

PubMed

Bekelis, Kimon; Missios, Symeon; Mackenzie, Todd A

2015-03-01

To investigate the association of helicopter transport with survival of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), in comparison with ground emergency medical services (EMS). Helicopter utilization and its effect on the outcomes of TBI remain controversial. We performed a retrospective cohort study involving patients with TBI who were registered in the National Trauma Data Bank between 2009 and 2011. Regression techniques with propensity score matching were used to investigate the association of helicopter transport with survival of patients with TBI, in comparison with ground EMS. During the study period, there were 209,529 patients with TBI who were registered in the National Trauma Data Bank and met the inclusion criteria. Of these patients, 35,334 were transported via helicopters and 174,195 via ground EMS. For patients transported to level I trauma centers, 2797 deaths (12%) were recorded after helicopter transport and 8161 (7.8%) after ground EMS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated an association of helicopter transport with increased survival [OR (odds ratio), 1.95; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.81-2.10; absolute risk reduction (ARR), 6.37%]. This persisted after propensity score matching (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.74-2.03; ARR, 5.93%). For patients transported to level II trauma centers, 1282 deaths (10.6%) were recorded after helicopter transport and 5097 (7.3%) after ground EMS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated an association of helicopter transport with increased survival (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.64-2.00; ARR 5.17%). This again persisted after propensity score matching (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.55-1.94; ARR, 4.69). Helicopter transport of patients with TBI to level I and II trauma centers was associated with improved survival, in comparison with ground EMS.

Prehospital Helicopter Transport and Survival of Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury

PubMed Central

Mackenzie, Todd A.

2015-01-01

Objective To investigate the association of helicopter transport with survival of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), in comparison with ground emergency medical services (EMS). Background Helicopter utilization and its effect on the outcomes of TBI remain controversial. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study involving patients with TBI who were registered in the National Trauma Data Bank between 2009 and 2011. Regression techniques with propensity score matching were used to investigate the association of helicopter transport with survival of patients with TBI, in comparison with ground EMS. Results During the study period, there were 209,529 patients with TBI who were registered in the National Trauma Data Bank and met the inclusion criteria. Of these patients, 35,334 were transported via helicopters and 174,195 via ground EMS. For patients transported to level I trauma centers, 2797 deaths (12%) were recorded after helicopter transport and 8161 (7.8%) after ground EMS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated an association of helicopter transport with increased survival [OR (odds ratio), 1.95; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.81–2.10; absolute risk reduction (ARR), 6.37%]. This persisted after propensity score matching (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.74–2.03; ARR, 5.93%). For patients transported to level II trauma centers, 1282 deaths (10.6%) were recorded after helicopter transport and 5097 (7.3%) after ground EMS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated an association of helicopter transport with increased survival (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.64–2.00; ARR 5.17%). This again persisted after propensity score matching (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.55–1.94; ARR, 4.69). Conclusions Helicopter transport of patients with TBI to level I and II trauma centers was associated with improved survival, in comparison with ground EMS. PMID:24743624

Report to Congress : nonmilitary helicopter urban noise study

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-12-31

In response to public concerns about nonmilitary helicopter noise impact on densely populated : communities, the United States Congress directed the Secretary of Transportation to investigate : and develop recommendations on reducing helicopter noise...

The evaluation of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score, poisoning severity score, sequential organ failure assessment score combine with lactate to assess the prognosis of the patients with acute organophosphate pesticide poisoning.

PubMed

Yuan, Shaoxin; Gao, Yusong; Ji, Wenqing; Song, Junshuai; Mei, Xue

2018-05-01

The aim of this study was to assess the ability of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score, poisoning severity score (PSS) as well as sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score combining with lactate (Lac) to predict mortality in the Emergency Department (ED) patients who were poisoned with organophosphate.A retrospective review of 59 stands-compliant patients was carried out. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed based on the APACHE II score, PSS, SOFA score with or without Lac, respectively, and the areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) were determined to assess predictive value. According to SOFA-Lac (a combination of SOFA and Lac) classification standard, acute organophosphate pesticide poisoning (AOPP) patients were divided into low-risk and high-risk groups. Then mortality rates were compared between risk levels.Between survivors and non-survivors, there were significant differences in the APACHE II score, PSS, SOFA score, and Lac (all P < .05). The AUCs of the APACHE II score, PSS, and SOFA score were 0.876, 0.811, and 0.837, respectively. However, after combining with Lac, the AUCs were 0.922, 0.878, and 0.956, respectively. According to SOFA-Lac, the mortality of high-risk group was significantly higher than low-risk group (P < .05) and the patients of the non-survival group were all at high risk.These data suggest the APACHE II score, PSS, SOFA score can all predict the prognosis of AOPP patients. For its simplicity and objectivity, the SOFA score is a superior predictor. Lac significantly improved the predictive abilities of the 3 scoring systems, especially for the SOFA score. The SOFA-Lac system effectively distinguished the high-risk group from the low-risk group. Therefore, the SOFA-Lac system is significantly better at predicting mortality in AOPP patients.

Usefulness of Glycemic Gap to Predict ICU Mortality in Critically Ill Patients With Diabetes.

PubMed

Liao, Wen-I; Wang, Jen-Chun; Chang, Wei-Chou; Hsu, Chin-Wang; Chu, Chi-Ming; Tsai, Shih-Hung

2015-09-01

Stress-induced hyperglycemia (SIH) has been independently associated with an increased risk of mortality in critically ill patients without diabetes. However, it is also necessary to consider preexisting hyperglycemia when investigating the relationship between SIH and mortality in patients with diabetes. We therefore assessed whether the gap between admission glucose and A1C-derived average glucose (ADAG) levels could be a predictor of mortality in critically ill patients with diabetes.We retrospectively reviewed the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE-II) scores and clinical outcomes of patients with diabetes admitted to our medical intensive care unit (ICU) between 2011 and 2014. The glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were converted to the ADAG by the equation, ADAG = [(28.7 × HbA1c) - 46.7]. We also used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to determine the optimal cut-off value for the glycemic gap when predicting ICU mortality and used the net reclassification improvement (NRI) to measure the improvement in prediction performance gained by adding the glycemic gap to the APACHE-II score.We enrolled 518 patients, of which 87 (17.0%) died during their ICU stay. Nonsurvivors had significantly higher APACHE-II scores and glycemic gaps than survivors (P < 0.001). Critically ill patients with diabetes and a glycemic gap ≥80 mg/dL had significantly higher ICU mortality and adverse outcomes than those with a glycemic gap <80 mg/dL (P < 0.001). Incorporation of the glycemic gap into the APACHE-II score increased the discriminative performance for predicting ICU mortality by increasing the area under the ROC curve from 0.755 to 0.794 (NRI = 13.6%, P = 0.0013).The glycemic gap can be used to assess the severity and prognosis of critically ill patients with diabetes. The addition of the glycemic gap to the APACHE-II score significantly improved its ability to predict ICU mortality.

[Prevalence of severe sepsis in intensive care units. A national multicentric study].

PubMed

Dougnac, Alberto L; Mercado, Marcelo F; Cornejo, Rodrigo R; Cariaga, Mario V; Hernández, Glenn P; Andresen, Max H; Bugedo, Guillermo T; Castillo, Luis F

2007-05-01

Severe sepsis (SS) is the leading cause of death in the Intensive Care Units (ICU). To study the prevalence of SS in Chilean ICUs. An observational, cross-sectional study using a predesigned written survey was done in all ICUs of Chile on April 21st, 2004. General hospital and ICU data and the number of hospitalized patients in the hospital and in the ICU at the survey day, were recorded. Patients were followed for 28 days. Ninety four percent of ICUs participated in the survey. The ICU occupation index was 66%. Mean age of patients was 57.7+/-18 years and 59% were male, APACHE II score was 15+/-7.5 and SOFA score was 6+/-4. SS was the admission diagnosis of 94 of the 283 patients (33%) and 38 patients presented SS after admission. On the survey day, 112 patients fulfilled SS criteria (40%). APACHE II and SOFA scores were significantly higher in SS patients than in non SS patients. Global case-fatality ratio at 28 days was 15.9% (45/283). Case-fatality ratio in patients with or without SS at the moment of the survey was 26.7% (30/112) and 8.7% (17/171), respectively p <0.05. Thirteen percent of patients who developed SS after admission, died. Case-fatality ratios for patients with SS from Santiago and the other cities were similar, but APACHE II score was significantly higher in patients from Santiago. In SS patients, the independent predictors of mortality were SS as cause of hospital admission, APACHE II and SOFA scores. Ninety nine percent of SS patients had a known sepsis focus (48% respiratory and 30% abdominal). Eighty five patients that presented SS after admission, had a respiratory focus. SS is highly prevalent in Chilean ICUs and represents the leading diagnosis at admission. SS as cause of hospitalization, APACHE II and SOFA scores were independent predictors of mortality.

76 FR 53324 - Airworthiness Directives; Agusta S.p.A. Model A109A, A109A II, A109C, and A109K2 Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-26

... Airworthiness Directives; Agusta S.p.A. Model A109A, A109A II, A109C, and A109K2 Helicopters AGENCY: Federal... helicopters. That EAD currently requires inspecting the main rotor scissor fitting assembly to determine if... helicopter. DATES: Effective September 12, 2011. The incorporation by reference of certain publications...

The Use of Commercial Remote Sensing Systems in Predicting Helicopter Brownout Conditions

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-01

REFERENCES Anthoni, J. F. (2000). Soil Erosion and Conservation – Part 2. Retrieved 15 August 2009, from http://www.seafriends.org.nz/ enviro / soil ... soils susceptible to helicopter brownout. Helicopter brownout occurs when downwash disturbs the dust and sand beneath the aircraft during takeoff...destruction, as well as personnel injury or death. The likelihood of helicopter brownout is related to soil moisture content, particle size distribution, and

75 FR 52914 - Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron Canada Limited Models 206A, 206B, 206L, 206L-1...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-30

... Textron Canada Limited Models 206A, 206B, 206L, 206L-1, 206L-3, and 206L-4 Helicopters AGENCY: Federal... Part Number (P/N) 101584-1 or -2, sold through Bell Helicopter Spares beginning March 2009, as an alternate to P/N 32721-1, does not conform to the approved configuration. Operating a helicopter with disk...

Helicopter Handling Qualities

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Helicopters are used by the military and civilian communities for a variety of tasks and must be capable of operating in poor weather conditions and at night. Accompanying extended helicopter operations is a significant increase in pilot workload and a need for better handling qualities. An overview of the status and problems in the development and specification of helicopter handling-qualities criteria is presented. Topics for future research efforts by government and industry are highlighted.

Helicopter Non-Unique Trim Strategies for Blade-Vortex Interaction (BVI) Noise Reduction

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-01-22

levels of harmonic rotor noise are one of the key technical barriers preventing the widespread public acceptance of helicopters for commercial...transportation. Blade-Vortex Interaction (BVI) is one such mechanism of rotor noise. BVI noise is a problem for civilian helicopter terminal area...non-rotating frame) on the vehicle trim which in turn affects noise generation. For example, conventional single main rotor helicopters commonly

Helicopter crashes into water: warning time, final position, and other factors affecting survival.

PubMed

Brooks, Christopher J; MacDonald, Conor V; Baker, Susan P; Shanahan, Dennis F; Haaland, Wren L

2014-04-01

According to 40 yr of data, the fatality rate for a helicopter crash into water is approximately 25%. Does warning time and the final position of the helicopter in the water influence the survival rate? The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) database was queried to identify helicopter crashes into water between 1981 and 2011 in the Gulf of Mexico and Hawaii. Fatality rate, amount of warning time prior to the crash, and final position of the helicopter were identified. There were 133 helicopters that crashed into water with 456 crew and passengers. Of these, 119 occupants (26%) did not survive; of those who did survive, 38% were injured. Twelve died after making a successful escape from the helicopter. Crashes with < 15 s warning had a fatality rate of 22%, compared to 12% for 16-60 s warning and 5% for > 1 min. However, more than half of fatalities (57%) came from crashes for which the warning time could not be determined. Lack of warning time and how to survive in the water after the crash should be a topic for study in all marine survival/aircraft ditching courses. Investigators should be trained to provide estimates of warning time when investigating helicopter crashes into water.

Poster presentation Sandia helicopter acoustic detector

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Arlowe, H.D.

1981-01-01

In reviewing the safeguards plans for several proposed fuel cycle facilities, the advantages of a short-range helicopter detector became apparent. The main buildings of these new designs are generally hardened so as to provide significant delay to a helicopter-borne adversary team. Under these circumstances the sensor is only required to detect helicopters which are in their final landing phase and at close range (less than 75 meters). This paper describes the Sandia detector, which is designed to only look at spectral lines between 20 and 40 Hz, and depends upon the harmonic content of the rotor pulses for detecting themore » lower rotor speed helicopters. 1 ref.« less

Recent Langley helicopter acoustics contributions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morgan, Homer G.; Pao, S. P.; Powell, C. A.

1988-01-01

The helicopter acoustics program at NASA Langley has included technology for elements of noise control ranging from sources of noise to receivers of noise. The scope of Langley contributions for about the last decade is discussed. Specifically, the resolution of two certification noise quantification issues by subjective acoustics research, the development status of the helicopter system noise prediction program ROTONET are reviewed and the highlights from research on blade rotational, broadband, and blade vortex interaction noise sources are presented. Finally, research contributions on helicopter cabin (or interior) noise control are presented. A bibliography of publications from the Langley helicopter acoustics program for the past 10 years is included.

NASA helicopter blades get new paint job for safety

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

Workers put the finishing touches on new paint for the blades of a NASA UH-1H helicopter. They have changed the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen from above by a second helicopter. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control.

Analysis of helicopter position determination methods

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1992-01-01

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), along with members of the helicopter industry, is continually searching for methods to reduce the cost and effort required for helicopter noise certification. In September 1992, the FAA adopted Appendix J of...

14 CFR 27.1505 - Never-exceed speed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... enough to allow an operationally practical and safe variation of VNE. (c) For helicopters, a stabilized...) § 27.65(b) for single engine helicopters; and (ii) § 27.67 for multiengine helicopters. (2) VNE (power...

14 CFR 27.1505 - Never-exceed speed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... enough to allow an operationally practical and safe variation of VNE. (c) For helicopters, a stabilized...) § 27.65(b) for single engine helicopters; and (ii) § 27.67 for multiengine helicopters. (2) VNE (power...

14 CFR 27.1505 - Never-exceed speed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... enough to allow an operationally practical and safe variation of VNE. (c) For helicopters, a stabilized...) § 27.65(b) for single engine helicopters; and (ii) § 27.67 for multiengine helicopters. (2) VNE (power...

77 FR 49705 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-17

... Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA... Deutschland GmbH Model MBB-BK 117 C-2 helicopters. A page reference of the rotorcraft flight manual in the...

Monitoring of pre-frontal oxygen status in helicopter pilots using near-infrared spectrophotometers

PubMed Central

Kikukawa, Azusa; Kobayashi, Asao; Miyamoto, Yoshinori

2008-01-01

Background There are few in-flight studies of cognition-related cerebral oxygen status in helicopter pilots. Methods Four male helicopter pilots volunteered for nine sorties during visual flight in a BK117 and UH-60J. The pilots' pre-frontal oxy-hemoglobin (O2Hb) and deoxy-hemoglobin (HHb) concentration were continuously monitored from the right/left sections of the forehead using near-infrared spectrophotometers with a consideration of motion artifacts. Results The concentration of O2Hb progressively increased (13.98 μmol•L-1 as a maximum increased concentration) in both the right/left sections of the forehead from the basal level during the heightened cognitive demand of helicopter flight. There was comparatively little change (4.32 μmol•L-1 as a maximum increased concentration) in HHb concentration during measurement of helicopter flight. HHb changes were apparently not affected by a heightened cognitive demand of helicopter pilots. Conclusion These results demonstrate that near-infrared spectroscopy, especially O2Hb measurements, provides a sensitive method for the monitoring of cognitive demand (maneuvers) in helicopter pilots. PMID:18616829

Results of the noise measurement program on a standard and modified OH-6A helicopter

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Henderson, H. R.; Peegg, R. J.; Hilton, D. A.

1973-01-01

A field noise measurement program has been conducted on a standard OH-6A helicopter and one that had been modified by reducing the rotor speed, altering rotor tip shape, and treating the engine exhaust and inlet to reduce the external noise levels. The modifications consisted of extensive aircraft design changes resulting in substantial noise reductions following state-of-art noise reduction techniques. The purpose of this study was to document the ground noise characteristics of each helicopter during flyover, hover, landing, and take-off operations. Based on an analysis of the measured results, the average of the overall on-track noise levels of the final modified helicopter was approximately 14 db lower than that for the standard helicopter. Narrow-band-spectra data of the hovering helicopter show a reduction in the overall noise due to the reductions achieved for the lifting main and antitorque tail rotor, engine exhaust, and gear box noise for the modified helicopter. The noise results of the test program are found to correlate generally with noise measurements made previously on this type of aircraft.

ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FLIGHT PERSONNEL FOR DESIGNING DAMPERS FOR SHOCKPROOF SEATS OF HELICOPTER CREWS.

PubMed

Moiseev, Yu B; Ignatovich, S N; Strakhov, A Yu

The article discusses anthropometric design of shockproof pilot seats for state-of-the-art helicopters. Object of the investigation was anthropometric parameters of the helicopter aviation personnel of the Russian interior troops. It was stated that the body parameters essential for designing helicopter seat dampers are mass of the body part that presses against the seat in the seating position, and eye level above the seat surface. An uncontrolled seat damper ensuring shockproof safety to 95 % helicopter crews must be designed for the body mass contacting the seat of 99.7 kg and eye level above the seat of 78.6 cm. To absorb.shock effectively, future dampers should be adjustable to pilot's body parameters. The optimal approach to anthropometric design of a helicopter seat is development of type pilot' body models with due account of pilot's the flight outfit and seat geometry. Principle criteria of type models are body mass and eye level. The authors propose a system of type body models facilitating specification of anthropometric data helicopter seat developers.

Black Hawk down? Establishing helicopter parenting as a distinct construct from other forms of parental control during emerging adulthood.

PubMed

Padilla-Walker, Laura M; Nelson, Larry J

2012-10-01

The purpose of the current study was to establish a measure of helicopter parenting that was distinct from other forms of parental control, and to examine parental and behavioral correlates of helicopter parenting. Participants included 438 undergraduate students from four universities in the United States (M(age) = 19.65, SD = 2.00, range = 18-29; 320 women, 118 men), and at least one of their parents. Analyses revealed that helicopter parenting loaded on a separate factor from both behavioral and psychological control, and that helicopter parenting was positively associated with behavioral and psychological control, but not at levels suggesting complete overlap. Results also revealed that helicopter parenting was positively associated with parental involvement and with other positive aspects of the parent-child relationship; but negatively associated with parental autonomy granting and school engagement. Discussion focuses on the implications of helicopter parenting for healthy development during emerging adulthood. Copyright © 2012 The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Helicopter far-field acoustic levels as a function of reduced main-rotor advancing blade-tip Mach number

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mueller, Arnold W.; Smith, Charles D.; Lemasurier, Philip

1990-01-01

During the design of a helicopter, the weight, engine, rotor speed, and rotor geometry are given significant attention when considering the specific operations for which the helicopter will be used. However, the noise radiated from the helicopter and its relationship to the design variables is currently not well modeled with only a limited set of full-scale field test data to study. In general, limited field data have shown that reduced main-rotor advancing blade-tip Mach numbers result in reduced far-field noise levels. The status of a recent helicopter noise research project is reviewed. It is designed to provide flight experimental data which may be used to further understand helicopter main-rotor advancing blade-tip Mach number effects on far-field acoustic levels. Preliminary results are presented relative to tests conducted with a Sikorsky S-76A helicopter operating with both the rotor speed and the flight speed as the control variable. The rotor speed was operated within the range of 107 to 90 percent NR at nominal forward speeds of 35, 100, and 155 knots.

Real Time Text Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Senthilkumar, K.; Ruchika Mehra Vijayan, E.

2017-11-01

This paper aims to illustrate real time analysis of large scale data. For practical implementation we are performing sentiment analysis on live Twitter feeds for each individual tweet. To analyze sentiments we will train our data model on sentiWordNet, a polarity assigned wordNet sample by Princeton University. Our main objective will be to efficiency analyze large scale data on the fly using distributed computation. Apache Spark and Apache Hadoop eco system is used as distributed computation platform with Java as development language

Developer Initiation and Social Interactions in OSS: A Case Study of the Apache Software Foundation

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-08-01

public interaction with the Apache Pluto community is on the mailing list in August 2006: Hello all, I’am John from the University [...], we are...developing the Prototype for the JSR 286. I hope that we can discuss the code [...] we have made and then develop new code for Pluto together [...], referring...to his and some of his fellow student’s intentions to contribute to Pluto . John gets the attention of Pluto committers and is immediately welcomed as

Global ISR: Toward a Comprehensive Defense Against Unauthorized Code Execution

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-10-01

implementation using two of the most popular open- source servers: the Apache web server, and the MySQL database server. For Apache, we measure the effect that...utility ab. T o ta l T im e ( s e c ) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Native Null ISR ISR−MP Fig. 3. The MySQL test-insert bench- mark measures...various SQL operations. The figure draws total execution time as reported by the benchmark utility. Finally, we benchmarked a MySQL database server using

14 CFR 27.1545 - Airspeed indicator.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... be made: (1) A red radial line— (i) For rotocraft other than helicopters, at VNE; and (ii) For helicopters at VNE (power-on). (2) A red cross-hatched radial line at VNE (power-off) for helicopters, if VNE...

14 CFR 27.1545 - Airspeed indicator.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... be made: (1) A red radial line— (i) For rotocraft other than helicopters, at VNE; and (ii) For helicopters at VNE (power-on). (2) A red cross-hatched radial line at VNE (power-off) for helicopters, if VNE...

14 CFR 27.1545 - Airspeed indicator.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... be made: (1) A red radial line— (i) For rotocraft other than helicopters, at VNE; and (ii) For helicopters at VNE (power-on). (2) A red cross-hatched radial line at VNE (power-off) for helicopters, if VNE...

A new helicostat from SNIAS helicopter division

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morisset, J.

1977-01-01

The Helicostat was described as a helicopter in which the vehicle weight is nullified by two balloons arranged in a catamaran fashion. Development of such a vehicle is discussed, and various uses for these helicopters are summarized.

Finite difference time domain grid generation from AMC helicopter models

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cravey, Robin L.

1992-01-01

A simple technique is presented which forms a cubic grid model of a helicopter from an Aircraft Modeling Code (AMC) input file. The AMC input file defines the helicopter fuselage as a series of polygonal cross sections. The cubic grid model is used as an input to a Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) code to obtain predictions of antenna performance on a generic helicopter model. The predictions compare reasonably well with measured data.

Implementing Realistic Helicopter Physics in 3D Game Environments

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-09-01

developed a highly realistic and innovative PC video game that puts you inside an Army unit. You’ll face your first tour of duty along with your fellow...helicopter physics. Many other video games include helicopters but omit realistic third person helicopter behaviors in their applications. Of the 48...to be too computationally expensive for a PC based video game . Generally, some basic parts of blade element theory are present in any attempt to

A Guide to USAF Helicopter Instrument Flight Procedures

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-04-01

being a helicopter pilot is so different from being an airplane pilot, and why, in general, airplance pilots are open, clear-eyed, bouyant extroverts...downwash created by a helicopter’s rotors have two basic effects on flight procedures. Rotor wash causes erroneous indications on aircraft pi tot...effects create additional problems close to the ground. And finally, a helicopter’s slow speed creates the need for a closer look at bank angles and

Review of the transmissions of the Soviet helicopters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chaiko, Lev I.

1990-01-01

A review of the following aspects of Soviet helicopter transmissions is presented: transmitted power, weight, reduction ratio, RPM, design configuration, comparison of different type of manufacturing methods, and a description of the materials and technologies applied to critical transmission components. Included are mechanical diagrams of the gearboxes of the Soviet helicopters and test stands for testing gearbox and main shaft. The quality of Soviet helicopter transmissions and their Western counterparts are assessed and compared.

Characterization of the Effect of Fiber Undulation on Strength and Stiffness of Composite Laminates

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-01

helicopter drivelines with flexible matrix composite shafting. Proceedings of the 61st American Helicopter Society Annual Forum; 2005 Jun 1–3...Grapevine, TX. Alexandria (VA): American Helicopter Society. p. 1582–1595. 2. Hannibal AJ, Gupta BP, Avila JA, Parr CH. Flexible matrix composites applied...to bearingless rotor system. Journal of the American Helicopter Society. 1985;30(1):21–27. 3. Ocalan M. High flexibility rotorcraft driveshafts

The role of helicopters in seabird censusing

USGS Publications Warehouse

Buckley, P.A.; Buckley, F.G.; Schreiber, E.A.; Lee, David S.

2000-01-01

The advantages and disadvantages of fixed-wing, helicopter, photographic, vidoegraphic, and ground-count methods of surveying and censusing seabirds are described and compared. Critical terminology is distinguished, and use of small helicopters with multiple, trained observers is firmly recommended for work with diurnal, non-burrow-nesting seabirds in the West Indies and elsewhere. Details of how to use helicopters effectively are provided, along with recommendations for aerial photography, and for data recording, analysis, and presentation.

The Potential for Helicopter Passenger Service in Major Urban Areas. [cost analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dajani, J. S.; Stortstrom, R. G.; Warner, D. B.

1977-01-01

An interurban helicopter cost model having the capability of selecting an efficient helicopter network for a given city in terms of service and total operating costs was developed. This model which is based upon the relationship between total and direct operating costs and the number of block hours of helicopter operation is compiled in terms of a computer program which simulates the operation of an intracity helicopter fleet over a given network. When applied to specific urban areas, the model produces results in terms of a break-even air passenger market penetration rate, which is the percent of the air travelers in each of those areas that must patronize the helicopter network to make it break even commercially. A total of twenty major metropolitan areas are analyzed and are ranked initially according to cost per seat mile and then according to break-even penetration rate.

A neural network for the identification of measured helicopter noise

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cabell, R. H.; Fuller, C. R.; O'Brien, W. F.

1991-01-01

The results of a preliminary study of the components of a novel acoustic helicopter identification system are described. The identification system uses the relationship between the amplitudes of the first eight harmonics in the main rotor noise spectrum to distinguish between helicopter types. Two classification algorithms are tested; a statistically optimal Bayes classifier, and a neural network adaptive classifier. The performance of these classifiers is tested using measured noise of three helicopters. The statistical classifier can correctly identify the helicopter an average of 67 percent of the time, while the neural network is correct an average of 65 percent of the time. These results indicate the need for additional study of the envelope of harmonic amplitudes as a component of a helicopter identification system. Issues concerning the implementation of the neural network classifier, such as training time and structure of the network, are discussed.

The Effects of Ambient Conditions on Helicopter Rotor Source Noise Modeling

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schmitz, Frederic H.; Greenwood, Eric

2011-01-01

A new physics-based method called Fundamental Rotorcraft Acoustic Modeling from Experiments (FRAME) is used to demonstrate the change in rotor harmonic noise of a helicopter operating at different ambient conditions. FRAME is based upon a non-dimensional representation of the governing acoustic and performance equations of a single rotor helicopter. Measured external noise is used together with parameter identification techniques to develop a model of helicopter external noise that is a hybrid between theory and experiment. The FRAME method is used to evaluate the main rotor harmonic noise of a Bell 206B3 helicopter operating at different altitudes. The variation with altitude of Blade-Vortex Interaction (BVI) noise, known to be a strong function of the helicopter s advance ratio, is dependent upon which definition of airspeed is flown by the pilot. If normal flight procedures are followed and indicated airspeed (IAS) is held constant, the true airspeed (TAS) of the helicopter increases with altitude. This causes an increase in advance ratio and a decrease in the speed of sound which results in large changes to BVI noise levels. Results also show that thickness noise on this helicopter becomes more intense at high altitudes where advancing tip Mach number increases because the speed of sound is decreasing and advance ratio increasing for the same indicated airspeed. These results suggest that existing measurement-based empirically derived helicopter rotor noise source models may give incorrect noise estimates when they are used at conditions where data were not measured and may need to be corrected for mission land-use planning purposes.

Optimizing CMS build infrastructure via Apache Mesos

DOE PAGES

Abdurachmanov, David; Degano, Alessandro; Elmer, Peter; ...

2015-12-23

The Offline Software of the CMS Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN consists of 6M lines of in-house code, developed over a decade by nearly 1000 physicists, as well as a comparable amount of general use open-source code. A critical ingredient to the success of the construction and early operation of the WLCG was the convergence, around the year 2000, on the use of a homogeneous environment of commodity x86-64 processors and Linux.Apache Mesos is a cluster manager that provides efficient resource isolation and sharing across distributed applications, or frameworks. It can run Hadoop, Jenkins, Spark, Aurora,more » and other applications on a dynamically shared pool of nodes. Lastly, we present how we migrated our continuous integration system to schedule jobs on a relatively small Apache Mesos enabled cluster and how this resulted in better resource usage, higher peak performance and lower latency thanks to the dynamic scheduling capabilities of Mesos.« less

Optimizing CMS build infrastructure via Apache Mesos

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abdurachmanov, David; Degano, Alessandro; Elmer, Peter

The Offline Software of the CMS Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN consists of 6M lines of in-house code, developed over a decade by nearly 1000 physicists, as well as a comparable amount of general use open-source code. A critical ingredient to the success of the construction and early operation of the WLCG was the convergence, around the year 2000, on the use of a homogeneous environment of commodity x86-64 processors and Linux.Apache Mesos is a cluster manager that provides efficient resource isolation and sharing across distributed applications, or frameworks. It can run Hadoop, Jenkins, Spark, Aurora,more » and other applications on a dynamically shared pool of nodes. Lastly, we present how we migrated our continuous integration system to schedule jobs on a relatively small Apache Mesos enabled cluster and how this resulted in better resource usage, higher peak performance and lower latency thanks to the dynamic scheduling capabilities of Mesos.« less

The customization of APACHE II for patients receiving orthotopic liver transplants

PubMed Central

Moreno, Rui

2002-01-01

General outcome prediction models developed for use with large, multicenter databases of critically ill patients may not correctly estimate mortality if applied to a particular group of patients that was under-represented in the original database. The development of new diagnostic weights has been proposed as a method of adapting the general model – the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II in this case – to a new group of patients. Such customization must be empirically tested, because the original model cannot contain an appropriate set of predictive variables for the particular group. In this issue of Critical Care, Arabi and co-workers present the results of the validation of a modified model of the APACHE II system for patients receiving orthotopic liver transplants. The use of a highly heterogeneous database for which not all important variables were taken into account and of a sample too small to use the Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test appropriately makes their conclusions uncertain. PMID:12133174

Analysis of helicopter noise data using international helicopter noise certification procedures

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1986-03-31

This report documents the results of a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) noise measurement flight test program involving seven helicopters and established noise levels using the basic testing, reduction and analysis procedures specified by the In...

Long Island north shore helicopter route environmental study

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-02-21

This report presents the results of the noise and emissions analysis of helicopter operations along the North Shore Helicopter Route of Long Island, New York performed by the Federal Aviation Administration, with the assistance of the Volpe Center...

77 FR 27659 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-11

... Deutschland GmbH Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed... Deutschland GmbH (ECD) Model BO-105A, BO-105C, and BO-105S helicopters. This proposed AD is prompted by...

KSC00pp1791

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- A newly repainted NASA helicopter is transported to S.R. 3 for return to Patrick AFB. Workers painted the blades of four NASA UH-1H helicopters, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

KSC-00pp1791

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- A newly repainted NASA helicopter is transported to S.R. 3 for return to Patrick AFB. Workers painted the blades of four NASA UH-1H helicopters, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

KSC00pp1789

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Workers get ready to move a NASA UH-1H helicopter outside. They have been painting the blades of four NASA UH-1H helicopters, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire contro

KSC-00pp1789

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Workers get ready to move a NASA UH-1H helicopter outside. They have been painting the blades of four NASA UH-1H helicopters, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire contro

KSC-00pp1793

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- A NASA helicopter lands on S.R. 3 for transfer to Patrick Air Force Base. It is one of four UH-1H helicopters that will have its blades painted, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

KSC00pp1793

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- A NASA helicopter lands on S.R. 3 for transfer to Patrick Air Force Base. It is one of four UH-1H helicopters that will have its blades painted, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

KSC00pp1790

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- A NASA UH-1H helicopter is prepared for transfer back to Patrick Air Force Base after being painted. The blades of four NASA UH-1H helicopters were repainted, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

KSC-00pp1790

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- A NASA UH-1H helicopter is prepared for transfer back to Patrick Air Force Base after being painted. The blades of four NASA UH-1H helicopters were repainted, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

KSC-00pp1795

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- A NASA helicopter is secured for transfer to Ransom Road at KSC. It is one of four UH-1H helicopters that will have its blades painted, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

KSC00pp1795

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-10-25

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- A NASA helicopter is secured for transfer to Ransom Road at KSC. It is one of four UH-1H helicopters that will have its blades painted, changing the black to a pattern of white and yellow stripes. The pattern provides better visibility in smoke and fire conditions. When the rotors are turning, the stripes create a yellow and white circle that is more easily seen by a second helicopter from above. The helicopters, primarily used for security and medical evacuation for NASA, will be used to deliver water via buckets during brush fires. The change was made to comply with U.S. Fish and Wildlife and Department of Forestry regulations for helicopter-assisted fire control

Small crack test program for helicopter materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Annigeri, Bal; Schneider, George

1994-01-01

Crack propagation tests were conducted to determine crack growth behavior in five helicopter materials for surface cracks between 0.005 to 0.020 inches in depth. Constant amplitude tests were conducted at stress ratios R equals 0.1 and 0.5, and emphasis was placed on near threshold data (i.e., 10-8 to 10-6 inches/cycle). Spectrum tests were conducted using a helicopter spectrum. The test specimen was an unnotched tension specimen, and cracks were initiated from a small EDM notch. An optical/video system was used to monitor crack growth. The material for the test specimens was obtained from helicopter part forgings. Testing was conducted at stresses below yield to reflect actual stresses in helicopter parts.

A Review of Sparsity-Based Methods for Analysing Radar Returns from Helicopter Rotor Blades

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-01

UNCLASSIFIED A Review of Sparsity-Based Methods for Analysing Radar Returns from Helicopter Rotor Blades Ngoc Hung Nguyen 1, Hai-Tan Tran 2, Kutluyıl...TR–3292 ABSTRACT Radar imaging of rotating blade -like objects, such as helicopter rotors, using narrowband radar has lately been of significant...Methods for Analysing Radar Returns from Helicopter Rotor Blades Executive Summary Signal analysis and radar imaging of fast-rotating objects such as

CH-53K Heavy Lift Replacement Helicopter (CH-53K)

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

Selected Acquisition Report (SAR) RCS: DD-A&T(Q&A)823-390 CH-53K Heavy Lift Replacement Helicopter (CH-53K) As of FY 2017 President’s Budget...December 2015 SAR March 4, 2016 10:04:18 UNCLASSIFIED 4 Col Henry Vanderborght PMA-261 Heavy Lift Helicopters Program Executive Office - Air, Anti...Replacement Helicopter (CH-53K) DoD Component Navy Responsible Office References SAR Baseline (Development Estimate) Defense Acquisition Executive (DAE

US Army Attack Aviation in a Decisive Action Environment: History, Doctrine, and a Need for Doctrinal Refinement

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-05-23

flight. The design used the engine, transmission, and rotor system of the UH-1 design. In doing so, Bell helicopters publicly declared that the Cobra...Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT The attack helicopter airframe and role evolved slowly, over time, to...attack helicopter doctrine, heavily influenced by the Global War on Terror and the 11th Attack Helicopter Regiment’s disastrous deep attack during

The outcomes and prognostic factors of acute respiratory failure in the patients 90 years old and over.

PubMed

Chen, Wan-Ling; Chen, Chin-Ming; Kung, Shu-Chen; Wang, Ching-Min; Lai, Chih-Cheng; Chao, Chien-Ming

2018-01-23

This retrospective cohort study investigated the outcomes and prognostic factors in nonagenarians (patients 90 years old or older) with acute respiratory failure. Between 2006 and 2016, all nonagenarians with acute respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) were enrolled. Outcomes including in-hospital mortality and ventilator dependency were measured. A total of 173 nonagenarians with acute respiratory failure were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). A total of 56 patients died during the hospital stay and the rate of in-hospital mortality was 32.4%. Patients with higher APACHE (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation) II scores (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 5.91; 95 % CI, 1.55-22.45; p = 0.009, APACHE II scores ≥ 25 vs APACHE II scores < 15), use of vasoactive agent (adjust OR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.12-6.37; p = 0.03) and more organ dysfunction (adjusted OR, 11.13; 95% CI, 3.38-36.36, p < 0.001; ≥ 3 organ dysfunction vs ≤ 1 organ dysfunction) were more likely to die. Among the 117 survivors, 25 (21.4%) patients became dependent on MV. Female gender (adjusted OR, 3.53; 95% CI, 1.16-10.76, p = 0.027) and poor consciousness level (adjusted OR, 4.98; 95% CI, 1.41-17.58, p = 0.013) were associated with MV dependency. In conclusion, the mortality rate of nonagenarians with acute respiratory failure was high, especially for those with higher APACHE II scores or more organ dysfunction.

The risk of early mortality of polytrauma patients associated to ISS, NISS, APACHE II values and prothrombin time.

PubMed

Mica, Ladislav; Rufibach, Kaspar; Keel, Marius; Trentz, Otmar

2013-01-01

The early hemodynamic normalization of polytrauma patients may lead to better survival outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic quality of trauma and physiological scores from widely used scoring systems in polytrauma patients. In total, 770 patients with ISS > 16 who were admitted to a trauma center within the first 24 hours after injury were included in this retrospective study. The patients were subdivided into three groups: those who died on the day of admission, those who died within the first three days, and those who survived for longer than three days. ISS, NISS, APACHE II score, and prothrombin time were recorded at admission. The descriptive statistics for early death in polytrauma patients who died on the day of admission, 1-3 days after admission, and > 3 days after admission were: ISS of 41.0, 34.0, and 29.0, respectively; NISS of 50.0, 50.0, and 41.0, respectively; APACHE II score of 30.0, 25.0, and 15.0, respectively; and prothrombin time of 37.0%, 56.0%, and 84%, respectively. These data indicate that prothrombin time (AUC: 0.89) and APACHE II (AUC: 0.88) have the greatest prognostic utility for early death. The estimated densities of the scores may suggest a direction for resuscitative procedures in polytrauma patients. "Retrospektive Analysen in der Chirurgischen Intensivmedizin"StV01-2008.

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with hepatic cirrhosis: clinical course and mortality prediction.

PubMed

Afessa, B; Kubilis, P S

2000-02-01

We conducted this study to describe the complications and validate the accuracy of previously reported prognostic indices in predicting the mortality of cirrhotic patients hospitalized for upper GI bleeding. This prospective, observational study included 111 consecutive hospitalizations of 85 cirrhotic patients admitted for GI bleeding. Data obtained included intensive care unit (ICU) admission status, Child-Pugh score, the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), organ failure, and inhospital mortality. The performances of Garden's, Gatta's, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II prognostic systems in predicting mortality were assessed. Patients' mean age was 48.7 yr, and the median APACHE II and Child-Pugh scores were 17 and 9, respectively. Their ICU admission rate was 71%. Organ failure developed in 57%, and SIRS in 46% of the patients. Nine patients had acute respiratory distress syndrome, and three patients had hepatorenal syndrome. The inhospital mortality was 21%. The APACHE II, Garden's, and Gatta' s predicted mortality rates were 39%, 24%, and 20%, respectively, and their areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were 0.78, 0.70, and 0.71, respectively. The AUC for Child-Pugh score was 0.76. SIRS and organ failure develop in many patients with hepatic cirrhosis hospitalized for upper GI bleeding, and are associated with increased mortality. Although the APACHE II prognostic system overestimated the mortality of these patients, the receiver operating characteristic curves did not show significant differences between the various prognostic systems.

78 FR 25365 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-01

... Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: We are adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) for Eurocopter France... applies. FAA's Determination These helicopters have been approved by the aviation authority of France and...

Helicopter noise experiments in an urban environment

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1974-08-01

In two series of helicopter noise experiments, soundpressurelevel recordings were made on the ground while a helicopter flew over (i) an array of microphones placed in an open field, and (ii) a similar array placed in the center of a city stree...

Helicopter-based live-line work. Volume 1, Helicopter platform work between phases: Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gela, G.

1993-06-01

This report presents experimental data on tests of a configuration consisting of a helicopter between two energized phases (for AC and switching surge) or poles (for DC). The configuration is that related to live-line work from a hovering helicopter. The McDonnell Douglas 500 Series helicopter was used for the tests. All tests were performed with phase-to-phase, or pole-to-pole energization. For AC tests, proper relationship between the phase-to-ground voltages and the phase-to-phase voltage was maintained by energizing the experimental setup from a balanced 3-{phi} AC source. For DC tests, one pole was energized with positive DC voltage to ground, while themore » other pole was energized with negative DC voltage to ground. For switching surge tests, a surge of positive polarity and a specific peak voltage magnitude was applied to one phase while a surge of negative polarity and the same peak voltage Magnitude was simultaneously applied to the other phase, resulting in {alpha} = 0.5 ({alpha} is the ratio between negative and total surge). In the research program, four conditions were investigated, namely helicopter operating versus not operating, and helicopter bonded to one phase or pole versus not bonded. Results from this research show effects of the rotating main rotor blade of the helicopter, effect of the position of the electrically floating helicopter in the phase-to-phase or pole-to-pole gap, effects of the mannequin, importance of the polarity of the DC poles and switching surges, and effects of inclement weather such as rain. The overall conclusion of this research is that the phase-to-phase or pole-to-pole spacings that cause sparkover with the helicopter between phases (poles) were always significantly smaller than the typical spacings on actual existing overhead transmission lines of the corresponding voltage rating.« less

Power transfer systems for future navy helicopters. Final report 25 Jun 70--28 Jun 72

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bossler, R.B. Jr.

1972-11-01

The purpose of this program was to conduct an analysis of helicopter power transfer systems (pts), both conventional and advanced concept type, with the objective of reducing specific weights and improving reliability beyond present values. The analysis satisfied requirements specified for a 200,000 pound cargo transport helicopter (CTH), a 70,000 pound heavy assault helicopter, and a 15,000 pound non-combat search and rescue helicopter. Four selected gearing systems (out of seven studied), optimized for lightest weight and equal reliability for the CTH, using component proportioning via stress and stiffness equations, had no significant difference between their aircraft payloads. All optimized ptsmore » were approximately 70% of statistically predicted weight. Reliability increase is predicted via gearbox derating using Weibull relationships. Among advanced concepts, the Turbine Integrated Geared Rotor was competitive for weight, technology availability and reliability increase but handicapped by a special engine requirement. The warm cycle system was found not competitive. Helicopter parametric weight analysis is shown. Advanced development Plans are presented for the pts for the CTH, including total pts system, selected pts components, and scale model flight testing in a Kaman HH2 helicopter.« less