40 CFR 1068.5 - How must manufacturers apply good engineering judgment?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... engineering judgment? 1068.5 Section 1068.5 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY... PROGRAMS Applicability and Miscellaneous Provisions § 1068.5 How must manufacturers apply good engineering judgment? (a) You must use good engineering judgment for decisions related to any requirements under this...

40 CFR 59.603 - How must manufacturers apply good engineering judgment?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... engineering judgment? 59.603 Section 59.603 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY... and Applicability § 59.603 How must manufacturers apply good engineering judgment? (a) In addition to other requirements and prohibitions set forth in this subpart, you must use good engineering judgment...

40 CFR 59.603 - How must manufacturers apply good engineering judgment?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... engineering judgment? 59.603 Section 59.603 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY... and Applicability § 59.603 How must manufacturers apply good engineering judgment? (a) In addition to other requirements and prohibitions set forth in this subpart, you must use good engineering judgment...

37 CFR 11.7 - Requirements for registration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... issues concerning good moral character and reputation when completing the application or any time... good moral character and reputation, the OED Director shall issue to the individual a notice to show... satisfaction of the OED Director that he or she: (i) Possesses good moral character and reputation; (ii...

Documentation: Records and Reports.

PubMed

Akers, Michael J

2017-01-01

This article deals with documentation to include the beginning of documentation, the requirements of Good Manufacturing Practice reports and records, and the steps that can be taken to minimize Good Manufacturing Practice documentation problems. It is important to remember that documentation for 503a compounding involves the Formulation Record, Compounding Record, Standard Operating Procedures, Safety Data Sheets, etc. For 503b outsourcing facilities, compliance with Current Good Manufacturing Practices is required, so this article is applicable to them. For 503a pharmacies, one can see the development and modification of Good Manufacturing Practice and even observe changes as they are occurring in 503a documentation requirements and anticipate that changes will probably continue to occur. Copyright© by International Journal of Pharmaceutical Compounding, Inc.

Design and Application of Automatic Falling Device for Different Brands of Goods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Xudong; Ge, Qingkuan; Zuo, Ping; Peng, Tao; Dong, Weifu

2017-12-01

The Goods-Falling device is an important device in the intelligent sorting goods sorting system, which is responsible for the temporary storage and counting of the goods, and the function of putting the goods on the conveyor belt according to certain precision requirements. According to the present situation analysis and actual demand of the domestic goods sorting equipment, a vertical type Goods - Falling Device is designed and the simulation model of the device is established. The dynamic characteristics such as the angular error of the opening and closing mechanism are carried out by ADAMS software. The simulation results show that the maximum angular error is 0.016rad. Through the test of the device, the goods falling speed is 7031/hour, the good of the falling position error within 2mm, meet the crawl accuracy requirements of the palletizing robot.

Aerospace Non Chrome Corrosion Inhibiting Primer Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-01

Meet all HSE specifications, TSCA, REACh, Akzo • Strippable • No weight increase over current system • Meet specification requirements for corrosion, not...Positive and negative controls • Primer only and topcoated samples Aerospace Coatings | Title 9 OEM CF Optimization/ Down Selects •Usual issues...found to be true • Good NSS ≠ Good filiform ≠ Good cure ≠ Good application properties • Down select process is to minimize ≠ and move to a balance of

15 CFR 746.4 - North Korea.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... requiring a license are subject to case-by-case review, except as follows: (1) Luxury Goods. Applications to... No. 1 to part 746. (2) Applications to export or reexport arms and related materiel are subject to a general policy of denial. In addition, applications to export or reexport items specified by UN documents...

42 CFR 435.608 - Applications for other benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Applications for other benefits. 435.608 Section....608 Applications for other benefits. (a) As a condition of eligibility, the agency must require... disability benefits to which they are entitled, unless they can show good cause for not doing so. (b...

42 CFR 435.608 - Applications for other benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Applications for other benefits. 435.608 Section....608 Applications for other benefits. (a) As a condition of eligibility, the agency must require... disability benefits to which they are entitled, unless they can show good cause for not doing so. (b...

46 CFR 535.504 - Application for waiver.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Application for waiver. 535.504 Section 535.504 Shipping FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION REGULATIONS AFFECTING OCEAN SHIPPING IN FOREIGN COMMERCE OCEAN COMMON CARRIER... Requirements § 535.504 Application for waiver. (a) Upon a showing of good cause, the Commission may waive any...

46 CFR 535.504 - Application for waiver.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Application for waiver. 535.504 Section 535.504 Shipping FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION REGULATIONS AFFECTING OCEAN SHIPPING IN FOREIGN COMMERCE OCEAN COMMON CARRIER... Requirements § 535.504 Application for waiver. (a) Upon a showing of good cause, the Commission may waive any...

Real-Time Pattern Recognition - An Industrial Example

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fitton, Gary M.

1981-11-01

Rapid advancements in cost effective sensors and micro computers are now making practical the on-line implementation of pattern recognition based systems for a variety of industrial applications requiring high processing speeds. One major application area for real time pattern recognition is in the sorting of packaged/cartoned goods at high speed for automated warehousing and return goods cataloging. While there are many OCR and bar code readers available to perform these functions, it is often impractical to use such codes (package too small, adverse esthetics, poor print quality) and an approach which recognizes an item by its graphic content alone is desirable. This paper describes a specific application within the tobacco industry, that of sorting returned cigarette goods by brand and size.

75 FR 80011 - Good Laboratory Practice for Nonclinical Laboratory Studies

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-21

... for research or marketing permits for products regulated by FDA, including food and color additives, animal food additives, human and animal drugs, medical devices for human use, biological products, and... requested the ability to cite compliance with the applicable good manufacturing requirements (i.e, parts 210...

47 CFR 1.734 - Specifications as to pleadings, briefs, and other documents; subscription.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... GENERAL PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE Complaints, Applications, Tariffs, and Reports Involving Common Carriers... good faith argument for the extension, modification, or reversal of existing law; and that it is not.... Upon showing of good cause, the Commission may waive the requirements of this paragraph. [53 FR 11855...

Is What Is Good for General Motors Good for Architecture?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Myrick, Richard; And Others

1966-01-01

Problems of behavioral evaluation and determination of initial building stimuli are discussed in terms of architectural analysis. Application of management research techniques requires problem and goal definition. Analysis of both lower and higher order needs is contingent upon these definitions. Lower order needs relate to more abstract…

40 CFR 1065.415 - Durability demonstration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... than in-use operation, subject to any pre-approval requirements established in the applicable standard.... Perform emission tests following the provisions of the standard setting part and this part, as applicable. Perform emission tests to determine deterioration factors consistent with good engineering judgment...

40 CFR 1065.415 - Durability demonstration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... than in-use operation, subject to any pre-approval requirements established in the applicable standard.... Perform emission tests following the provisions of the standard setting part and this part, as applicable. Perform emission tests to determine deterioration factors consistent with good engineering judgment...

40 CFR 1065.415 - Durability demonstration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... than in-use operation, subject to any pre-approval requirements established in the applicable standard.... Perform emission tests following the provisions of the standard setting part and this part, as applicable. Perform emission tests to determine deterioration factors consistent with good engineering judgment...

Uniform-burning matrix burner

DOEpatents

Bohn, Mark S.; Anselmo, Mark

2001-01-01

Computer simulation was used in the development of an inward-burning, radial matrix gas burner and heat pipe heat exchanger. The burner and exchanger can be used to heat a Stirling engine on cloudy days when a solar dish, the normal source of heat, cannot be used. Geometrical requirements of the application forced the use of the inward burning approach, which presents difficulty in achieving a good flow distribution and air/fuel mixing. The present invention solved the problem by providing a plenum with just the right properties, which include good flow distribution and good air/fuel mixing with minimum residence time. CFD simulations were also used to help design the primary heat exchanger needed for this application which includes a plurality of pins emanating from the heat pipe. The system uses multiple inlet ports, an extended distance from the fuel inlet to the burner matrix, flow divider vanes, and a ring-shaped, porous grid to obtain a high-temperature uniform-heat radial burner. Ideal applications include dish/Stirling engines, steam reforming of hydrocarbons, glass working, and any process requiring high temperature heating of the outside surface of a cylindrical surface.

77 FR 2257 - Adoption of Recommendations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-17

... good communication of emerging revisions to those within the agency charged with making policy... must comply with ethics requirements similar to those applicable to regular government employees... appointed as ``representatives'' and are not subject to ethics requirements.\\15\\ Once a committee is formed...

Design and Validation of a 150 MHz HFFQCM Sensor for Bio-Sensing Applications

PubMed Central

Fernández, Román; García, Pablo; García, María; Jiménez, Yolanda; Arnau, Antonio

2017-01-01

Acoustic wave resonators have become suitable devices for a broad range of sensing applications due to their sensitivity, low cost, and integration capability, which are all factors that meet the requirements for the resonators to be used as sensing elements for portable point of care (PoC) platforms. In this work, the design, characterization, and validation of a 150 MHz high fundamental frequency quartz crystal microbalance (HFF-QCM) sensor for bio-sensing applications are introduced. Finite element method (FEM) simulations of the proposed design are in good agreement with the electrical characterization of the manufactured resonators. The sensor is also validated for bio-sensing applications. For this purpose, a specific sensor cell was designed and manufactured that addresses the critical requirements associated with this type of sensor and application. Due to the small sensing area and the sensor’s fragility, these requirements include a low-volume flow chamber in the nanoliter range, and a system approach that provides the appropriate pressure control for assuring liquid confinement while maintaining the integrity of the sensor with a good base line stability and easy sensor replacement. The sensor characteristics make it suitable for consideration as the elemental part of a sensor matrix in a multichannel platform for point of care applications. PMID:28885551

76 FR 71276 - Common Crop Insurance Regulations; Pecan Revenue Crop Insurance Provisions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-17

... CFR part 400, subpart J for the informal administrative review process of good farming practices as... farming operation. For instance, all producers are required to submit an application and acreage report to... and discourages good management practices. Language in sections 3(d)(3) and 6(b) provides consequences...

38 CFR 8.8 - Health requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Health requirements. 8.8... INSURANCE Reinstatement § 8.8 Health requirements. National Service life insurance on any plan may be... month for which the unpaid premium was due, provided the applicant be in as good health on the date of...

38 CFR 8.8 - Health requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Health requirements. 8.8... INSURANCE Reinstatement § 8.8 Health requirements. National Service life insurance on any plan may be... month for which the unpaid premium was due, provided the applicant be in as good health on the date of...

38 CFR 8.8 - Health requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Health requirements. 8.8... INSURANCE Reinstatement § 8.8 Health requirements. National Service life insurance on any plan may be... month for which the unpaid premium was due, provided the applicant be in as good health on the date of...

38 CFR 8.8 - Health requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Health requirements. 8.8... INSURANCE Reinstatement § 8.8 Health requirements. National Service life insurance on any plan may be... month for which the unpaid premium was due, provided the applicant be in as good health on the date of...

38 CFR 8.8 - Health requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Health requirements. 8.8... INSURANCE Reinstatement § 8.8 Health requirements. National Service life insurance on any plan may be... month for which the unpaid premium was due, provided the applicant be in as good health on the date of...

Reliability of Two Smartphone Applications for Radiographic Measurements of Hallux Valgus Angles.

PubMed

Mattos E Dinato, Mauro Cesar; Freitas, Marcio de Faria; Milano, Cristiano; Valloto, Elcio; Ninomiya, André Felipe; Pagnano, Rodrigo Gonçalves

The objective of the present study was to assess the reliability of 2 smartphone applications compared with the traditional goniometer technique for measurement of radiographic angles in hallux valgus and the time required for analysis with the different methods. The radiographs of 31 patients (52 feet) with a diagnosis of hallux valgus were analyzed. Four observers, 2 with >10 years' experience in foot and ankle surgery and 2 in-training surgeons, measured the hallux valgus angle and intermetatarsal angle using a manual goniometer technique and 2 smartphone applications (Hallux Angles and iPinPoint). The interobserver and intermethod reliability were estimated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and the time required for measurement of the angles among the 3 methods was compared using the Friedman test. A very good or good interobserver reliability was found among the 4 observers measuring the hallux valgus angle and intermetatarsal angle using the goniometer (ICC 0.913 and 0.821, respectively) and iPinPoint (ICC 0.866 and 0.638, respectively). Using the Hallux Angles application, a very good interobserver reliability was found for measurements of the hallux valgus angle (ICC 0.962) and intermetatarsal angle (ICC 0.935) only among the more experienced observers. The time required for the measurements was significantly shorter for the measurements using both smartphone applications compared with the goniometer method. One smartphone application (iPinPoint) was reliable for measurements of the hallux valgus angles by either experienced or nonexperienced observers. The use of these tools might save time in the evaluation of radiographic angles in the hallux valgus. Copyright © 2016 American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Implementing Safety Measures

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Required risk mitigation measures for soil fumigants protect handlers, applicators, and bystanders from pesticide exposure. Measures include buffer zones, sign posting, good agricultural practices, restricted use pesticide classification, and FMPs.

Laboratory considerations of United States Pharmacopeia Chapter <71> sterility tests and its application to pharmaceutical compounding.

PubMed

Hyde, Tiffany D

2014-01-01

The purpose of this article is to describe United States Pharmacopeia Chapter <71> Sterility Tests from the perspective of Current Good Manufacturing Practices in order to aid compounding pharmacists in understanding the details and complexities that are required. Compounding pharmacists face a unique challenge in the industry today, with their compounding practice and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration trying to impose Current Good Manufacturing Practices guidelines. Naturally, this becomes a challenge to contract testing laboratories as well, as they are caught between the testing for non-Current Good Manufacturing Practices compounding standards and Current Good Manufacturing Practices manufacturing. It is important that the compounding pharmacist and their partner testing laboratory work closely together to ensure appropriate requirements are being met.

Aircraft Corrosion

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-08-01

protective coating between the plates, the reduction in frictional effects caused by the fluid did cause a significant reduction in fatigue life ... surface treatments for aluminum alloys , there has been a return to anodizing for new weapons systems rather than chromate conversion coatings . Both sulfuric...good alternate coating material in many applications requiring good corrosion resistance and minimal effect on fatigue properties. Only two aluminum

48 CFR 52.247-37 - F.o.b. Vessel, Port of Shipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... conformance with carrier requirements to protect the goods and to ensure assessment of the lowest applicable transportation charge; (2)(i) Deliver the shipment on board the ocean vessel in good order and condition on the date or within the period fixed; and (ii) Pay and bear all charges incurred in placing the shipment...

48 CFR 47.303-9 - F.o.b. vessel, port of shipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... conformance with carrier requirements to protect the goods and to ensure assessment of the lowest applicable transportation charge; (2)(i) Deliver the shipment on board the ocean vessel in good order and condition on the date or within the period fixed; and (ii) Pay and bear all charges incurred in placing the shipment...

48 CFR 47.303-9 - F.o.b. vessel, port of shipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... conformance with carrier requirements to protect the goods and to ensure assessment of the lowest applicable transportation charge; (2)(i) Deliver the shipment on board the ocean vessel in good order and condition on the date or within the period fixed; and (ii) Pay and bear all charges incurred in placing the shipment...

48 CFR 52.247-37 - F.o.b. Vessel, Port of Shipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... conformance with carrier requirements to protect the goods and to ensure assessment of the lowest applicable transportation charge; (2)(i) Deliver the shipment on board the ocean vessel in good order and condition on the date or within the period fixed; and (ii) Pay and bear all charges incurred in placing the shipment...

48 CFR 52.247-37 - F.o.b. Vessel, Port of Shipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... conformance with carrier requirements to protect the goods and to ensure assessment of the lowest applicable transportation charge; (2)(i) Deliver the shipment on board the ocean vessel in good order and condition on the date or within the period fixed; and (ii) Pay and bear all charges incurred in placing the shipment...

48 CFR 47.303-9 - F.o.b. vessel, port of shipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... conformance with carrier requirements to protect the goods and to ensure assessment of the lowest applicable transportation charge; (2)(i) Deliver the shipment on board the ocean vessel in good order and condition on the date or within the period fixed; and (ii) Pay and bear all charges incurred in placing the shipment...

48 CFR 47.303-9 - F.o.b. vessel, port of shipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... conformance with carrier requirements to protect the goods and to ensure assessment of the lowest applicable transportation charge; (2)(i) Deliver the shipment on board the ocean vessel in good order and condition on the date or within the period fixed; and (ii) Pay and bear all charges incurred in placing the shipment...

48 CFR 52.247-37 - F.o.b. Vessel, Port of Shipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... conformance with carrier requirements to protect the goods and to ensure assessment of the lowest applicable transportation charge; (2)(i) Deliver the shipment on board the ocean vessel in good order and condition on the date or within the period fixed; and (ii) Pay and bear all charges incurred in placing the shipment...

Connecting Fair Division and Game Theory through the Optimization of Knaster's Procedure

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Michael A.

2003-01-01

In 1945, Bronislaw Knaster proposed a procedure to divide any number of indivisible goods between a finite number of players requiring the players to place monetary values or bids on all of the goods. Often discussed in math for liberal arts courses that concentrate on contemporary applications of mathematics for non-major students, Knaster's…

40 CFR 86.016-1 - General applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... solar-powered vehicles. Use good engineering judgment to apply these requirements to these vehicles... (CONTINUED) CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HIGHWAY VEHICLES AND ENGINES General Provisions for... the manufacturer satisfies the requirements of § 86.007-23(f). (3) When a manufacturer chooses to use...

40 CFR 86.016-1 - General applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... solar-powered vehicles. Use good engineering judgment to apply these requirements to these vehicles... (CONTINUED) CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HIGHWAY VEHICLES AND ENGINES General Provisions for... the manufacturer satisfies the requirements of § 86.007-23(f). (3) When a manufacturer chooses to use...

The role of artificial intelligence techniques in scheduling systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Geoffroy, Amy L.; Britt, Daniel L.; Gohring, John R.

1990-01-01

Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques provide good solutions for many of the problems which are characteristic of scheduling applications. However, scheduling is a large, complex heterogeneous problem. Different applications will require different solutions. Any individual application will require the use of a variety of techniques, including both AI and conventional software methods. The operational context of the scheduling system will also play a large role in design considerations. The key is to identify those places where a specific AI technique is in fact the preferable solution, and to integrate that technique into the overall architecture.

23 CFR 750.503 - Exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... continue to be lawfully maintained. (2) Continue to provide the directional information to goods and... by 23 U.S.C. 131(o), the State shall establish: (1) Its requirements for the directional content of... advertised on May 5, 1976. (3) The application of the requirements and method to the defined areas...

Eddy covariance measurements with a new fast-response, enclosed-path analyzer: Spectral characteristics and cross-system comparisons

Treesearch

K. Novick; J. Walker; W.S. Chan; A. Schmidt; C. Sobek; J.M. Vose

2013-01-01

A new class of enclosed path gas analyzers suitable for eddy covariance applications combines the advantages of traditional closed-path systems (small density corrections, good performance in poor weather) and open-path systems (good spectral response, low power requirements), and permits estimates of instantaneous gas mixing ratio. Here, the extent to which these...

Current regulatory issues in cell and tissue therapy.

PubMed

Burger, S R

2003-01-01

Cell-based therapies have grown dramatically in power and scope in recent years. Once limited to blood and BM transplantation, these therapies now encompass tissue repair and regeneration, metabolic support, gene replacement, and immune effector functions, with established and investigational clinical applications in disorders affecting nearly every tissue and organ system. The complexity and novel applications of human cells, tissues, and cellular and tissue-based products (HCT/Ps), however, present potential risks for adverse events. The US Food and Drug Administration, responding to these concerns, has established a tiered, risk-based regulatory structure, in which more rigorous controls and safeguards are required for products thought to pose increased risk. The proposed good tissue practices (GTP) rule and existing good manufacturing practices (GMP) requirements form the principal elements of this regulatory framework. The proposed GTPs are intended to prevent HCT/P contamination with infectious disease agents, and to ensure that these cells and tissues maintain their integrity and function. GMPs focus on production of safe, pure, and potent products, and entail a higher level of process control and product characterization. All HCT/Ps will be required to comply with GTPs. HCT/Ps considered to present greater risks of adverse events, however, will be subject to both GTPs and GMPs, and must obtain premarket approval using the Investigational New Drug (IND) mechanism established for biologics. Although these requirements will present significant challenges for clinician- investigators and laboratories producing HCT/Ps, the regulations fundamentally support good clinical care by increasing safety and control, and enable good science by improving the quality and reliability of data.

Amorphous microcellular polytetrafluoroethylene foam film

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tang, Chongzheng

1991-11-01

We report herein the preparation of novel low-density ultramicrocellular fluorocarbon foams and their application. These fluorocarbon foams are of interest for the biochemistry arena in numerous applications including foodstuff, pharmacy, wine making, beer brewery, fermentation medical laboratory, and other processing factories. All of those require good quality processing programs in which, after eliminating bacterium and virus, compressed air is needed. Ordinarily, compressed air contains bacterium and virus, its size is 0.01 - 2 micrometers fluorocarbon foam films. Having average porous diameter 0.04 - 0.1 micrometers , these are stable to high temperature (280 degree(s)C) and chemical environments, and generally have good engineering and mechanical properties (e.g., low coefficient of thermal expansion, high modulus, and good dimensional stability). Our new process for preparing low density fluorocarbon foams provides materials with unique properties. As such, they offer the possibility for being superior to earlier materials for a number of the filter applications mentioned.

77 FR 41709 - Common Crop Insurance Regulations; Florida Citrus Fruit Crop Insurance Provisions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-16

... their farming operation. For instance, all producers are required to submit an application and acreage... provisions published at 7 CFR part 11, or 7 CFR part 400, subpart J for determinations of good farming practices, as applicable, must be exhausted before any action against FCIC for judicial review may be...

78 FR 46249 - Common Crop Insurance Regulations; Arizona-California Citrus Crop Insurance Provisions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-31

... part 11, or 7 CFR part 400, subpart J for determinations of good farming practices, as applicable, must... farming operation. For instance, all producers are required to submit an application and acreage report to... this change will allow policyholders to make farming decisions based on the best interest of their...

77 FR 59045 - Common Crop Insurance Regulations; Prune Crop Insurance Provisions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-26

... part 11, or 7 CFR part 400, subpart J for determinations of good farming practices, as applicable, must... farming operation. For instance, all producers are required to submit an application and acreage report to... Producer's Pre-Acceptance Worksheet (PAW) as they have performed cultural practices that will reduce the...

75 FR 15603 - Common Crop Insurance Regulations; Florida Avocado Crop Insurance Provisions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-30

... administrative review process of good farming practices, as applicable, must be exhausted before any action... farming operation. For instance, all producers are required to submit an application and acreage report to...; damage; or a change in practices on yield potential of the insured crop could provide a wide range of...

12 CFR 1780.26 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Constitution, any applicable act of Congress, or the principles of common law. (e) Time limits. All discovery... the presiding officer finds on the record that good cause exists for waiving the requirements of this...

Trends of microwave dielectric materials for antenna application

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sulong, T. A. T., E-mail: tuanamirahtuansulong@gmail.com; Osman, R. A. M., E-mail: rozana@unimap.edu.my; Idris, M. S., E-mail: sobri@unimap.edu.my

Rapid development of a modern microwave communication system requires a high quality microwave dielectric ceramic material to be used as mobile and satellite communication. High permittivity of dielectric ceramics leads to fabrication of compact device for electronic components. Dielectric ceramics which used for microwave applications required three important parameters such as high or appropriate permittivity (ε{sub r}), high quality factor (Q {sub f} ≥ 5000 GH z) and good temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τ{sub f}). This paper review of various dielectric ceramic materials used as microwave dielectric materials and related parameters for antenna applications.

Establishing pan-European clinical trials: regulatory compliance and other practical considerations.

PubMed

Grienenberger, Aurelie

2004-01-01

There are currently many concerns in the pharmaceutical and scientific community working in or around clinical research on the EU Directive 2001/20/EC or Clinical Trials Directive. The Directive introduces regulatory requirements for all phases of study in human subjects, drawing no distinction between commercially funded drug trials and non-commercial/academic research. The Directive makes Good Clinical Practice (GCP) a legal requirement in Europe and all clinical research will be subjected to the same rigorous standards including GCP and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) application even at the early clinical phases as well as exhaustive pharmacovigilance and protection of trial subjects. Some of these requirements may be seen as additional burden and a brake to clinical research in Europe. However, the application of the directive should provide a single and highly regulated market of 25 European countries for investigational medicinal products. This article reviews the main aspects and areas of concern of the Directive and provide US sponsor with useful references.

The effect of certification and preparation on teacher quality.

PubMed

Boyd, Donald; Goldhaber, Daniel; Lankford, Hamilton; Wyckoff, James

2007-01-01

To improve the quality of the teacher workforce, some states have tightened teacher preparation and certification requirements while others have eased requirements and introduced "alternative" ways of being certified to attract more people to teaching. Donald Boyd, Daniel Goldhaber, Hamilton Lankford, and James Wyckoff evaluate these seemingly contradictory strategies by examining how preparation and certification requirements affect student achivement. If strong requirements improve student outcomes and deter relatively few potential teachers, the authors say, then they may well be good policy. But if they have little effect on student achievement, if they seriously deter potential teachers, or if schools are able to identify applicants who will produce good student outcomes, then easing requirements becomes a more attractive policy. In reviewing research on these issues, the authors find that evidence is often insufficient to draw conclusions. They do find that highly selective alternative route programs can produce effective teachers who perform about the same as teachers from traditional routes after two years on the job. And they find that teachers who score well on certification exams can improve student outcomes somewhat. Limited evidence suggests that certification requirements can diminish the pool of applicants, but there is no evidence on how they affect student outcomes. And the authors find that schools have a limited ability to identify attributes in prospective teachers that allow them to improve student achievement. The authors conclude that the research evidence is simply too thin to have serious implications for policy. Given the enormous investment in teacher preparation and certification and given the possibility that these requirements may worsen student outcomes, the lack of convincing evidence is disturbing. The authors urge researchers and policymakers to work together to move to a more informed position where good resource decisions can be made.

11 CFR 9038.4 - Extensions of time.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... has a right or is required to take action within a period of time prescribed by 11 CFR part 9038 or by... which to exercise such right or take such action. The candidate shall demonstrate in the application for extension that good cause exists for his or her request. (c) An application for extension of time shall be...

21 CFR 99.205 - Application for exemption from the requirement to file a supplemental application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... characterizing the safety and effectiveness of the drug or device, including data from the study described in the... effectiveness of the use, a summary of those data, and any documentation resulting from prior discussions with... minus the costs of goods sold and marketing and administrative expenses attributable to the new use of...

77 FR 75509 - Common Crop Insurance Regulations; Florida Citrus Fruit Crop Insurance Provisions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-21

... part 11, or 7 CFR part 400, subpart J for determinations of good farming practices, as applicable, must... farming operation. For instance, all producers are required to submit an application and acreage report to... to the expansion of type and practice into four different new subcategories for each of these items...

77 FR 22467 - Common Crop Insurance Regulations; Fresh Market Tomato (Dollar Plan) Crop Provisions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-16

... farming operation. For instance, all producers are required to submit an application and acreage report to... part 11, or 7 CFR part 400, subpart J for the informal administrative review process of good farming practices as applicable, must be exhausted before any action against FCIC for judicial review may be brought...

Fast-responding liquid crystal light-valve technology for color-sequential display applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Janssen, Peter J.; Konovalov, Victor A.; Muravski, Anatoli A.; Yakovenko, Sergei Y.

1996-04-01

A color sequential projection system has some distinct advantages over conventional systems which make it uniquely suitable for consumer TV as well as high performance professional applications such as computer monitors and electronic cinema. A fast responding light-valve is, clearly, essential for a good performing system. Response speed of transmissive LC lightvalves has been marginal thus far for good color rendition. Recently, Sevchenko Institute has made some very fast reflective LC cells which were evaluated at Philips Labs. These devices showed sub millisecond-large signal-response times, even at room temperature, and produced good color in a projector emulation testbed. In our presentation we describe our highly efficient color sequential projector and demonstrate its operation on video tape. Next we discuss light-valve requirements and reflective light-valve test results.

29 CFR 779.322 - Second requirement for qualifying as a “retail or service establishment.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... concept is applicable then the second requirement for qualifying as a “retail or service establishment” within that term's statutory definition is that 75 percent of the establishment's annual dollar volume... 75 percent of annual dollar volume be from sales of goods or services “not for resale” (§ 779.329...

A high-gain, low ion-backflow double micro-mesh gaseous structure for single electron detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Zhiyong; Qi, Binbin; Liu, Chengming; Feng, Jianxin; Liu, Jianbei; Shao, Ming; Zhou, Yi; Hong, Daojin; Lv, You; Song, Guofeng; Wang, Xu; You, Wenhao

2018-05-01

Application of micro-pattern gaseous detectors to gaseous photomultiplier tubes has been widely investigated over the past two decades. In this paper, we present a double micro-mesh gaseous structure that has been designed and fabricated for this application. Tests with X-rays and UV laser light indicate that this structure exhibits an excellent gas gain of > 7 × 104 and good energy resolution of 19% (full width at half maximum) for 5.9 keV X-rays. The gas gain can reach up to 106 for single electrons while maintaining a very low ion-backflow ratio down to 0.0005. This structure has good potential for other applications requiring a very low level of ion backflow.

Gelled-electrolyte batteries for electric vehicles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tuphorn, Hans

Increasing problems of air pollution have pushed activities of electric vehicle projects worldwide and in spite of projects for developing new battery systems for high energy densities, today lead/acid batteries are almost the single system, ready for technical usage in this application. Valve-regulated lead/acid batteries with gelled electrolyte have the advantage that no maintenance is required and because the gel system does not cause problems with electrolyte stratification, no additional appliances for central filling or acid addition are required, which makes the system simple. Those batteries with high density active masses indicate high endurance results and field tests with 40 VW-CityStromers, equipped with 96 V/160 A h gel batteries with thermal management show good results during four years. In addition, gelled lead/acid batteries possess superior high rate performance compared with conventional lead/acid batteries, which guarantees good acceleration results of the car and which makes the system recommendable for application in electric vehicles.

Flexible scheme to truncate the hierarchy of pure states.

PubMed

Zhang, P-P; Bentley, C D B; Eisfeld, A

2018-04-07

The hierarchy of pure states (HOPS) is a wavefunction-based method that can be used for numerically modeling open quantum systems. Formally, HOPS recovers the exact system dynamics for an infinite depth of the hierarchy. However, truncation of the hierarchy is required to numerically implement HOPS. We want to choose a "good" truncation method, where by "good" we mean that it is numerically feasible to check convergence of the results. For the truncation approximation used in previous applications of HOPS, convergence checks are numerically challenging. In this work, we demonstrate the application of the "n-particle approximation" to HOPS. We also introduce a new approximation, which we call the "n-mode approximation." We then explore the convergence of these truncation approximations with respect to the number of equations required in the hierarchy in two exemplary problems: absorption and energy transfer of molecular aggregates.

Flexible scheme to truncate the hierarchy of pure states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, P.-P.; Bentley, C. D. B.; Eisfeld, A.

2018-04-01

The hierarchy of pure states (HOPS) is a wavefunction-based method that can be used for numerically modeling open quantum systems. Formally, HOPS recovers the exact system dynamics for an infinite depth of the hierarchy. However, truncation of the hierarchy is required to numerically implement HOPS. We want to choose a "good" truncation method, where by "good" we mean that it is numerically feasible to check convergence of the results. For the truncation approximation used in previous applications of HOPS, convergence checks are numerically challenging. In this work, we demonstrate the application of the "n-particle approximation" to HOPS. We also introduce a new approximation, which we call the "n-mode approximation." We then explore the convergence of these truncation approximations with respect to the number of equations required in the hierarchy in two exemplary problems: absorption and energy transfer of molecular aggregates.

26 CFR 1.6050S-3 - Information reporting for payments of interest on qualified education loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... required in this section upon a showing of good cause. See the instructions to Form 1098-E and applicable revenue procedures for rules relating to extensions of time to file. (4) Use of magnetic media. See...-E on magnetic media. (d) Requirement to furnish statement—(1) In general. A payee must furnish a...

26 CFR 1.6050S-3 - Information reporting for payments of interest on qualified education loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... required in this section upon a showing of good cause. See the instructions to Form 1098-E and applicable revenue procedures for rules relating to extensions of time to file. (4) Use of magnetic media. See...-E on magnetic media. (d) Requirement to furnish statement—(1) In general. A payee must furnish a...

26 CFR 1.6050S-3 - Information reporting for payments of interest on qualified education loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... required in this section upon a showing of good cause. See the instructions to Form 1098-E and applicable revenue procedures for rules relating to extensions of time to file. (4) Use of magnetic media. See...-E on magnetic media. (d) Requirement to furnish statement—(1) In general. A payee must furnish a...

26 CFR 1.6050S-3 - Information reporting for payments of interest on qualified education loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... required in this section upon a showing of good cause. See the instructions to Form 1098-E and applicable revenue procedures for rules relating to extensions of time to file. (4) Use of magnetic media. See...-E on magnetic media. (d) Requirement to furnish statement—(1) In general. A payee must furnish a...

26 CFR 1.6050S-3 - Information reporting for payments of interest on qualified education loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... required in this section upon a showing of good cause. See the instructions to Form 1098-E and applicable revenue procedures for rules relating to extensions of time to file. (4) Use of magnetic media. See...-E on magnetic media. (d) Requirement to furnish statement—(1) In general. A payee must furnish a...

76 FR 63296 - Notice of a Regional Waiver of Section 1605 (Buy American requirement) of the American Recovery...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-12

... goods are not produced in the United States in sufficient and reasonably available quantities and of a satisfactory quality] to the Utility for the purchase of a magnetic flow meter, manufactured in Mexico. This is... waiver based on project specific circumstances. The waiver applicant states that the project requires the...

Marine Enzymes: Production and Applications for Human Health.

PubMed

Rao, T Eswara; Imchen, M; Kumavath, R

Marine microbial enzymes have wide applications in bioindustries. Selection of microorganisms for enzyme production at the industrial level requires good yield and high production rate. A number of enzymes such as amylase, caseinase, lipase, gelatinase, and DNases have been discovered from microbes isolated from extreme marine environments. Such enzymes are thermostable, tolerant to a varied range of pH and other harsh conditions required in industrial applications. Novelty in their structure and characteristics has shown promising scope to the researchers in academia and industry. In this chapter, we present a bird's eye view on recent research works in the field of enzyme production from marine origin as well as their potential biological applications relevant to human health. © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[On improvement of the mechanism for establishing and changing indicators of quality and food safety in the regulatory and legal acts of the Eurasian Economical Union].

PubMed

Arnautov, O V

2016-01-01

In accordance with the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) to ensure the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population within the Union, a coordinated policy in agreed policy in the sphere of application of sanitary measures is carried out. Sanitary measures are the obligatory requirements and procedures, including requirements for the final product, processing methods, production, transportation, storage and disposal, sampling procedures, methods of research (tests), risk assessment, the state registration, requirements for packaging directly aimed at ensuring the safety of products (goods) in order to protect human welfare, and they should be applied on the basis having a scientific explanation, and only to the extent that is necessary to protect human welfare. Sanitary measures applied within the Union should be based on international and regional standards, guidelines and (or) the recommendations, except when they based on appropriate scientific studies and explanations. In this case sanitary measures which could provide a higher level of sanitary protection are introduced. At present, the mechanism of the development, justification and approval of common sanitary and epidemiological requirements (ESR) and procedures of the Eurasian Economic Commission (the Commission) is not installed. The absence of a clear mechanism for the development, approval and implementation of the ESR to the products (goods) on the basis having a scientific explanation on the one hand could lead to the creation of unjustified barriers to foreign and mutual trade, on the other--to weaken the level of safety for human life and health of products (goods) placed on markets of the Union. In order to bring the regulatory legal acts of the Customs Union in accordance with the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union the Commission in cooperation with the competent authorities of the Member States in the field of sanitary and epidemiological welfare developed the project of Guidelines for development, approval, modification and application of common sanitary epidemiological and hygienic requirements and procedures (hereinafter--Guidelines) which is currently undergoing approval procedures. The project envisages that the Uniform sanitary requirements are established on the basis of scientific research, including the evaluation of the risk of harmful effects of the environment on the human factors, taking into consideration the analysis of international experience in order to harmonize common sanitary requirements with international standards, guidelines and (or) recommendations. Adoption of the draft Guidelines, as well as the application of common methodologies of risk assessment and the hygienic standardization in establishing and justifying safety performance of products (goods) in the Eurasian Economic Union allow quickly and transparently develop, validate, coordinate and approve the Uniform sanitary and epidemiological and hygienic requirements and procedures for sanitary inspection (control) of products (goods) and include them into technical regulations Union.

Numerical modeling of friction welding of bi-metal joints for electrical applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Velu, P. Shenbaga; Hynes, N. Rajesh Jesudoss

2018-05-01

In the manufacturing industries, and more especially in electrical engineering applications, the usage of non-ferrous materials plays a vital role. Today's engineering applications relies upon some of the significant properties such as a good corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, good heat conductivity and higher electrical conductivity. Copper-aluminum bi-metal joint is one such combination that meets the demands requirements for electrical applications. In this work, the numerical simulation of AA 6061 T6 alloy/Copper was carried out under joining conditions. By using this developed model, the temperature distribution along the length of the dissimilar joint is predicted and the time-temperature profile has also been generated. Besides, a Finite Element Model has been developed by using the numerical simulation Tool "ABAQUS". This developed FEM is helpful in predicting various output parameters during friction welding of this dissimilar joint combination.

Medical Gas Containers and Closures; Current Good Manufacturing Practice Requirements. Final rule.

PubMed

2016-11-18

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or the Agency) is amending its current good manufacturing practice (CGMP) and labeling regulations regarding medical gases. FDA is requiring that portable cryogenic medical gas containers not manufactured with permanent gas use outlet connections have gas-specific use outlet connections that cannot be readily removed or replaced except by the manufacturer. FDA is also requiring that portable cryogenic medical gas containers and high-pressure medical gas cylinders meet certain labeling, naming, and color requirements. These requirements are intended to increase the likelihood that the contents of medical gas containers are accurately identified and reduce the likelihood of the wrong gas being connected to a gas supply system or container. FDA is also revising an existing regulation that conditionally exempts certain medical gases from certain otherwise-applicable labeling requirements in order to add oxygen and nitrogen to the list of gases subject to the exemption, and to remove cyclopropane and ethylene from the list.

19 CFR 122.49b - Electronic manifest requirement for crew members and non-crew members onboard commercial aircraft...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... operation for the purpose of transporting cargo which has onboard only “crew members” and “non-crew members... aircraft in good faith in any capacity required for the normal operation and service of the flight (8 U.S.C...) Date of birth; (iii) Place of birth (city, state—if applicable, country); (iv) Gender (F = female; M...

19 CFR 122.49b - Electronic manifest requirement for crew members and non-crew members onboard commercial aircraft...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... operation for the purpose of transporting cargo which has onboard only “crew members” and “non-crew members... aircraft in good faith in any capacity required for the normal operation and service of the flight (8 U.S.C...) Date of birth; (iii) Place of birth (city, state—if applicable, country); (iv) Gender (F = female; M...

19 CFR 122.49b - Electronic manifest requirement for crew members and non-crew members onboard commercial aircraft...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... operation for the purpose of transporting cargo which has onboard only “crew members” and “non-crew members... aircraft in good faith in any capacity required for the normal operation and service of the flight (8 U.S.C...) Date of birth; (iii) Place of birth (city, state—if applicable, country); (iv) Gender (F = female; M...

19 CFR 122.49b - Electronic manifest requirement for crew members and non-crew members onboard commercial aircraft...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... operation for the purpose of transporting cargo which has onboard only “crew members” and “non-crew members... aircraft in good faith in any capacity required for the normal operation and service of the flight (8 U.S.C...) Date of birth; (iii) Place of birth (city, state—if applicable, country); (iv) Gender (F = female; M...

Status of Understanding for Seal Materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brown, P. F.

1984-01-01

Material selection for mainshaft face and ring seals, labyrinth seals, accessory gearbox face seals, and lip seals are discussed in light of tribology requirements and a given seal application. Carbon graphite has been found to be one of the best sealing materials and it is widely used in current gas turbine mainshaft and accessory gearbox seals. Its popularity is due to its unique combination of properties which consists of dimensional stability, corrosion resistance, low friction, good self lubricating characteristics, high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion, the latter two properties combining to provide good thermal shock resistance. A brief description of the seals and the requirements they must meet are discussed to provide insight into the limitations and advantages of the seals in containing the lubricant. A forecast is made of the operational requirements of main shaft and gearbox seals for advanced engines and candidate materials and coatings that may satisfy these advanced engine requirements.

45 CFR 261.52 - Is there a way to waive the State's penalty for failing to achieve either of the participation...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... domestic violence waivers (i.e., it provides evidence that it achieved the applicable work rates when individuals receiving federally recognized good cause domestic violence waivers of work requirements, in...

Parrallel power for undersea application: The basic considerations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kirkham, H.; Howe, B.

2001-01-01

Power systems for undersea observatories are required to deliver high power with good reliability. For the proposed NEPTUNE observatory, the authors have developed a power scheme that combines ideas from terrestial power systems and switching power supplies with experience from undersea cable systems.

REMOTE SENSING FOR BIOENGINEERED CROPS-POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS

EPA Science Inventory

Crops bioengineered to contain toxins derived from Bacillus thuringensis (Bt) are under regulatory scrutiny by USEPA under the FIFRA legislation. The agency has declared these crops to be "in the public good" based on the reduced use of pesticides required for management of these...

45 CFR 261.52 - Is there a way to waive the State's penalty for failing to achieve either of the participation...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... domestic violence waivers (i.e., it provides evidence that it achieved the applicable work rates when individuals receiving federally recognized good cause domestic violence waivers of work requirements, in...

Applicability of advanced automotive heat engines to solar thermal power

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beremand, D. G.; Evans, D. G.; Alger, D. L.

1981-01-01

The requirements of a solar thermal power system are reviewed and compared with the predicted characteristics of automobile engines under development. A good match is found in terms of power level and efficiency when the automobile engines, designed for maximum powers of 65-100 kW (87 to 133 hp) are operated to the nominal 20-40 kW electric output requirement of the solar thermal application. At these reduced power levels it appears that the automotive gas turbine and Stirling engines have the potential to deliver the 40+ percent efficiency goal of the solar thermal program.

Applicability of advanced automotive heat engines to solar thermal power

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beremand, D. G.; Evans, D. G.; Alger, D. L.

The requirements of a solar thermal power system are reviewed and compared with the predicted characteristics of automobile engines under development. A good match is found in terms of power level and efficiency when the automobile engines, designed for maximum powers of 65-100 kW (87 to 133 hp) are operated to the nominal 20-40 kW electric output requirement of the solar thermal application. At these reduced power levels it appears that the automotive gas turbine and Stirling engines have the potential to deliver the 40+ percent efficiency goal of the solar thermal program.

RAID Disk Arrays for High Bandwidth Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moren, Bill

1996-01-01

High bandwidth applications require large amounts of data transferred to/from storage devices at extremely high data rates. Further, these applications often are 'real time' in which access to the storage device must take place on the schedule of the data source, not the storage. A good example is a satellite downlink - the volume of data is quite large and the data rates quite high (dozens of MB/sec). Further, a telemetry downlink must take place while the satellite is overhead. A storage technology which is ideally suited to these types of applications is redundant arrays of independent discs (RAID). Raid storage technology, while offering differing methodologies for a variety of applications, supports the performance and redundancy required in real-time applications. Of the various RAID levels, RAID-3 is the only one which provides high data transfer rates under all operating conditions, including after a drive failure.

Attenuated phase-shift mask (PSM) blanks for flat panel display

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kageyama, Kagehiro; Mochizuki, Satoru; Yamakawa, Hiroyuki; Uchida, Shigeru

2015-10-01

The fine pattern exposure techniques are required for Flat Panel display applications as smart phone, tablet PC recently. The attenuated phase shift masks (PSM) are being used for ArF and KrF photomask lithography technique for high end pattern Semiconductor applications. We developed CrOx based large size PSM blanks that has good uniformity on optical characteristics for FPD applications. We report the basic optical characteristics and uniformity, stability data of large sized CrOx PSM blanks.

Integrated approaches to the application of advanced modeling technology in process development and optimization

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Allgor, R.J.; Feehery, W.F.; Tolsma, J.E.

The batch process development problem serves as good candidate to guide the development of process modeling environments. It demonstrates that very robust numerical techniques are required within an environment that can collect, organize, and maintain the data and models required to address the batch process development problem. This paper focuses on improving the robustness and efficiency of the numerical algorithms required in such a modeling environment through the development of hybrid numerical and symbolic strategies.

Future Roles for Autonomous Vertical Lift in Disaster Relief and Emergency Response

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Young, Larry A.

2006-01-01

System analysis concepts are applied to the assessment of potential collaborative contributions of autonomous system and vertical lift (a.k.a. rotorcraft, VTOL, powered-lift, etc.) technologies to the important, and perhaps underemphasized, application domain of disaster relief and emergency response. In particular, an analytic framework is outlined whereby system design functional requirements for an application domain can be derived from defined societal good goals and objectives.

POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING TO BIOENGINEERED CROPS

EPA Science Inventory

Crops bioengineered to contain toxins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are subject to regulatory scrutiny by USEPA under the FIFRA legislation. The agency has declared these crops to be "in the public good" based on the reduced use of pesticides required for management of...

42 CFR 86.13 - Project requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... the applicant has established good cause for its omission. (1) Provision of a method for development... method for implementation of the needed training; (3) Provision of an evaluation methodology, including... the training program; and (4) Provision of a method by which trainees will be selected. (b) In...

42 CFR 86.13 - Project requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... the applicant has established good cause for its omission. (1) Provision of a method for development... method for implementation of the needed training; (3) Provision of an evaluation methodology, including... the training program; and (4) Provision of a method by which trainees will be selected. (b) In...

42 CFR 86.13 - Project requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... the applicant has established good cause for its omission. (1) Provision of a method for development... method for implementation of the needed training; (3) Provision of an evaluation methodology, including... the training program; and (4) Provision of a method by which trainees will be selected. (b) In...

42 CFR 86.13 - Project requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... the applicant has established good cause for its omission. (1) Provision of a method for development... method for implementation of the needed training; (3) Provision of an evaluation methodology, including... the training program; and (4) Provision of a method by which trainees will be selected. (b) In...

34 CFR 682.410 - Fiscal, administrative, and enforcement requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... accordance with applicable legal and accounting standards; (iii) The Secretary's equitable share of... any other errors in its accounting or reporting as soon as practicable after the errors become known... guaranty agency's agreements with the Secretary; and (C) Market prices of comparable goods or services. (b...

Oxidation resistant iron and nickel alloys for high temperature use

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hill, V. L.; Misra, S. K.; Wheaton, H. L.

1970-01-01

Iron-base and nickel-base alloys exhibit good oxidation resistance and improved ductility with addition of small amounts of yttrium, tantalum /or hafnium/, and thorium. They can be used in applications above the operating temperatures of the superalloys, if high strength materials are not required.

37 CFR 11.7 - Requirements for registration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... registration examination or continuing legal education; or (B) Represented the Office in patent cases before... whole to see if there is a drug or alcohol abuse issue. An individual appearing to abuse drugs or... issues concerning good moral character and reputation when completing the application or any time...

37 CFR 11.7 - Requirements for registration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... registration examination or continuing legal education; or (B) Represented the Office in patent cases before... whole to see if there is a drug or alcohol abuse issue. An individual appearing to abuse drugs or... issues concerning good moral character and reputation when completing the application or any time...

37 CFR 11.7 - Requirements for registration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... registration examination or continuing legal education; or (B) Represented the Office in patent cases before... whole to see if there is a drug or alcohol abuse issue. An individual appearing to abuse drugs or... issues concerning good moral character and reputation when completing the application or any time...

Shelf life of packaged bakery goods--a review.

PubMed

Galić, K; Curić, D; Gabrić, D

2009-05-01

Packaging requirements for fresh bakery goods are often minimal as many of the products are for immediate consumption. However, packaging can be an important factor in extending the shelf life of other cereal-based goods (toast, frozen products, biscuits, cakes, pastas). Some amount of the texture changes and flavor loss manifest over the shelf life of a soft-baked good can usually be minimized or delayed by effective use of packaging materials. The gains in the extension of shelf life will be application specific. It is recognized that defining the shelf life of a food is a difficult task and is an area of intense research for food product development scientists (food technologists, microbiologists, packaging experts). Proper application of chemical kinetic principles to food quality loss allows for efficiently designing appropriate shelf-life tests and maximizing the useful information that can be obtained from the resulting data. In the development of any new food product including reformulating, change of packaging, or storage/distribution condition (to penetrate into a new market), one important aspect is the knowledge of shelf life.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Djidel, S.; Bouamar, M.; Khedrouche, D., E-mail: dkhedrouche@yahoo.com

This paper presents a performances study of UWB monopole antenna using half-elliptic radiator conformed on elliptical surface. The proposed antenna, simulated using microwave studio computer CST and High frequency simulator structure HFSS, is designed to operate in frequency interval over 3.1 to 40 GHz. Good return loss and radiation pattern characteristics are obtained in the frequency band of interest. The proposed antenna structure is suitable for ultra-wideband applications, which is, required for many wearable electronics applications.

National Program for Inspection of Non-Federal Dams. Peacham Pond Dam (VT 00050), Richelieu River Basin, Peacham, Vermont. Phase I Inspection Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-03-01

Rusting or Corrosion of Steel None. b. Mechanical and Electrical Air Vents Not applicable. Float Wells Not applicable. Crane Hoist Not applicable...Good, steel I-beams. Underside of Deck Good. Secondary Bracing Good. Deck Wood, good condition. Drainage System Not applicable. Railings Fair, anchors...Anchor Bolts Good. Bridge Seat Good. Longitudinal Members Good, steel I-beams. Underside of Deck Good. Secondary Bracing Good. j Deck Wood, good

49 CFR 211.7 - Filing requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... petition the Administrator for issuance, amendment, repeal or permanent or temporary waiver of any rule or regulation. A petition for waiver must be submitted at least 3 months before the proposed effective date, unless good cause is shown for not doing so. (b)(1) All petitions and applications subject to this part...

REMOTE SENSING/GIS: A STRATEGIC TOOL FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION AND RESEARCH

EPA Science Inventory

Protection of the environment is, in part, dependent on the quality of data used in decision making. Whether the decisions are part of the scientific process or relate to application of the laws governing people and their living condtitions, good quality data are required/ neede...

78 FR 32356 - United States-Korea Free Trade Agreement

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-30

... possesses the required origin information; (2) the consistent application of the rules of origin to UKFTA... finding of either (a) repeated unlawful activity or (b) willful presentation of inaccurate origin... that a claim of origin for a textile or apparel good is accurate) or Article 4.3.5 (verification to...

40 CFR 265.1080 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... the requirements of paragraph (f)(2) of this section. (i) The Sistersville Plant shall install an air... all air pollution control and monitoring equipment described in paragraphs (f)(2)(i)(A) and (f)(2)(ii... is operated in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices. (ii) Ensure that the...

40 CFR 264.1080 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... requirements of paragraph (f)(2) of this section. (i) The Sistersville Plant shall install an air pollution... all air pollution control and monitoring equipment described in paragraphs (f)(2)(i)(A) and (f)(2)(ii... is operated in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices. (ii) Ensure that the...

40 CFR 264.1080 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... requirements of paragraph (f)(2) of this section. (i) The Sistersville Plant shall install an air pollution... all air pollution control and monitoring equipment described in paragraphs (f)(2)(i)(A) and (f)(2)(ii... is operated in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices. (ii) Ensure that the...

40 CFR 265.1080 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... the requirements of paragraph (f)(2) of this section. (i) The Sistersville Plant shall install an air... all air pollution control and monitoring equipment described in paragraphs (f)(2)(i)(A) and (f)(2)(ii... is operated in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices. (ii) Ensure that the...

40 CFR 264.1080 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... requirements of paragraph (f)(2) of this section. (i) The Sistersville Plant shall install an air pollution... all air pollution control and monitoring equipment described in paragraphs (f)(2)(i)(A) and (f)(2)(ii... is operated in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices. (ii) Ensure that the...

40 CFR 265.1080 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... the requirements of paragraph (f)(2) of this section. (i) The Sistersville Plant shall install an air... all air pollution control and monitoring equipment described in paragraphs (f)(2)(i)(A) and (f)(2)(ii... is operated in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices. (ii) Ensure that the...

76 FR 43606 - Common Crop Insurance Regulations; Onion Crop Insurance Provisions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-21

... CFR part 400, subpart J for the informal administrative review process of good farming practices as... farming operation. For instance, all producers are required to submit an application and acreage report to... prepared for the planting method and production practice. * * * * * Onion production. Onions with excess...

75 FR 52218 - Common Crop Insurance Regulations; Apple Crop Insurance Provisions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-25

... the definition of ``good farming practices'' in the Basic Provisions. Comment: Several comments were... farming operation. For instance, all producers are required to submit an application and acreage report to... practices generally in use for fresh apple acreage in the county as determined by agricultural experts'' is...

Secondary Containment Design for the LLNL B801 Diala Oil Tank

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mertesdorf, E.

2016-12-14

Design is to add an extension to the secondary containment of tank T1-A3 at building 801. Piping from the inner tank penetrates the secondary containment tank below the liquid level of the primary tank. To meet Oil Pollution Prevention Regulation 40 CFR 120.7 the single wall piping needs to be provided with secondary containment. Steel Tank Institute (STI) conference publication states: §112.3(d)(1)(iii) –SPCC Plan requirements- Systems shall be designed in accordance with good engineering practice, including consideration of applicable industry standards and that procedures for required inspections and testing have been established. Section 112.7(a)(2) allows for deviations from specific rulemore » requirements, provided the Owner/operator responsible to select, document and implement alternate measure and a PE certifies the SPCC Plan in accordance with good engineering practices, including consideration of industry standards« less

Porous Ceramic Cures at Moderate Temperatures, Is Good Heat Insulator

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Eubanks, Alfred G.; Hunkeler, Ronald E.

1965-01-01

The problem: To develop a foamed-in-place refractory material that would provide good thermal insulation, mechanical support, and vibration shielding for enclosed objects at temperatures up to 30000 F. The preparation of conventional foamed refractory materials required long curing times (as much as 48 hours) and high temperatures (at least 700 F), rendering such materials unusable for in-place potting of heat-sensitive components. The solution: A foamed ceramic material that has the requisite thermal insulation and strength, and also displays other properties that suggest a wide range of applications.

GMP in blood collection and processing.

PubMed

Wagstaff, W

1998-01-01

The principles of Good Manufacturing Practice have, in the main, been universally developed for the guidance of the pharmaceutical industry rather than for transfusion services. However, these rules and guides are increasingly being adapted for use in blood centres, in the production of labile blood components and of plasma for fractionation. The guide for pharmaceutical industries produced by the commission of the European Communities is used as a model here, the nine basic requirements being those applicable to Quality Management, personnel, premises and equipment, document, production, Quality Control, contract manufacture and analysis, complaints and product recall, and self-inspection. Though having more direct application to the production laboratory preparing blood components, the majority of these requirements and principles are also directly applicable to all of the activities involved in blood collection.

Lightweight Ceramics for Aeroacoustic Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kwan, H. W.; Spamer, G. T.; Yu, J.; Yasukawa, B.

1997-01-01

The use of a HTP (High Temperature Performance) ceramic foam for aeroacoustic applications is investigated. HTP ceramic foam is a composition of silica and alumina fibers developed by LMMS. This foam is a lightweight high-temperature fibrous bulk material with small pore size, ultra high porosity, and good strength. It can be used as a broadband noise absorber at both room and high temperature (up to 1800 F). The investigation included an acoustic assessment as well as material development, and environmental and structural evaluations. The results show that the HTP ceramic foam provides good broadband noise absorbing capability and adequate strength when incorporating the HTP ceramic foam system into a honeycomb sandwich structure. On the other hand, the material is sensitive to Skydrol and requires further improvements. Good progress has been made in the impedance model development. A relationship between HTP foam density, flow resistance, and tortuosity will be established in the near future. Additional effort is needed to investigate the coupling effects between face sheet and HTP foam material.

Advanced Motor Drives Studies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ehsani, M.; Tchamdjou, A.

1997-01-01

This report presents an evaluation of advanced motor drive systems as a replacement for the hydrazine fueled APU units. The replacement technology must meet several requirements which are particular to the space applications and the Orbiter in general. Some of these requirements are high efficiency, small size, high power density. In the first part of the study several motors are compared, based on their characteristics and in light of the Orbiter requirements. The best candidate, the brushless DC is chosen because of its particularly good performance with regards to efficiency. Several power electronics drive technologies including the conventional three-phase hard switched and several soft-switched inverters are then presented. In the last part of the study, a soft-switched inverter is analyzed and compared to its conventional hard-switched counterpart. Optimal efficiency is a basic requirement for space applications and the soft-switched technology represents an unavoidable trend for the future.

APPLICATION OF SUSTAINABILITY CRITERIA TO STELLA, MISSOURI-ECONOMIC PLANNING-PRELIMINARY SITE INFORMATION AND ELEMENTS OF THE MASTER PLAN-16NOV2006 (1130)

EPA Science Inventory

Economic systems constraints and performance requirements that are essential to providing goods and services, jobs, and a functioning economic system form a list of criteria for planning a sustainable economy. This presentation places these economic criteria in the context of Ste...

29 CFR 1980.115 - Special circumstances; waiver of rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... circumstances not contemplated by the provisions of this part, or for good cause shown, the administrative law judge or the Board on review may, upon application, after three days notice to all parties and interveners, waive any rule or issue any orders that justice or the administration of the Act requires. ...

49 CFR 26.15 - How can recipients apply for exemptions or waivers?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... goals, contract goals or good faith efforts. Program waivers are for the purpose of authorizing you to... against any individual or group in access to contracting opportunities or other benefits of the program; and (iv) Your proposal is consistent with applicable law and program requirements of the concerned...

Calibration Experiments for a Computer Vision Oyster Volume Estimation System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chang, G. Andy; Kerns, G. Jay; Lee, D. J.; Stanek, Gary L.

2009-01-01

Calibration is a technique that is commonly used in science and engineering research that requires calibrating measurement tools for obtaining more accurate measurements. It is an important technique in various industries. In many situations, calibration is an application of linear regression, and is a good topic to be included when explaining and…

45 CFR 233.37 - How monthly reports are treated and what notices are required (AFDC).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... and one-third, child care, and work expenses) will be applied to any earnings which are not reported... OFFICE OF FAMILY ASSISTANCE (ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS), ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT... eligible (without the applicable earned income disregards if the State agency determines no good cause...

78 FR 17606 - Common Crop Insurance Regulations; Arizona-California Citrus Crop Insurance Provisions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-22

... published at 7 CFR part 11, or 7 CFR part 400, subpart J for determinations of good farming practices, as... their farming operation. For instance, all producers are required to submit an application and acreage... category of ``practice'' in the actuarial documents with four categories named ``cropping practice...

Use of high-radiant flux, high-resolution DMD light engines in industrial applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Müller, Alexandra; Ram, Surinder

2014-03-01

The field of application of industrial projectors is growing day by day. New Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) - based applications like 3D printing, 3D scanning, Printed Circuit Board (PCB) board printing and others are getting more and more sophisticated. The technical demands for the projection system are rising as new and more stringent requirements appear. The specification for industrial projection systems differ substantially from the ones of business and home beamers. Beamers are designed to please the human eye. Bright colors and image enhancement are far more important than uniformity of the illumination or image distortion. The human eye, followed by the processing of the brain can live with quite high intensity variations on the screen and image distortion. On the other hand, a projector designed for use in a specialized field has to be tailored regarding its unique requirements in order to make no quality compromises. For instance, when the image is projected onto a light sensitive resin, a good uniformity of the illumination is crucial for good material hardening (curing) results. The demands on the hardware and software are often very challenging. In the following we will review some parameters that have to be considered carefully for the design of industrial projectors in order to get the optimum result without compromises.

Performances study of UWB monopole antennas using half-elliptic radiator conformed on elliptical surface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Djidel, S.; Bouamar, M.; Khedrouche, D.

2016-04-01

This paper presents a performances study of UWB monopole antenna using half-elliptic radiator conformed on elliptical surface. The proposed antenna, simulated using microwave studio computer CST and High frequency simulator structure HFSS, is designed to operate in frequency interval over 3.1 to 40 GHz. Good return loss and radiation pattern characteristics are obtained in the frequency band of interest. The proposed antenna structure is suitable for ultra-wideband applications, which is, required for many wearable electronics applications.

Automated video surveillance: teaching an old dog new tricks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McLeod, Alastair

1993-12-01

The automated video surveillance market is booming with new players, new systems, new hardware and software, and an extended range of applications. This paper reviews available technology, and describes the features required for a good automated surveillance system. Both hardware and software are discussed. An overview of typical applications is also given. A shift towards PC-based hybrid systems, use of parallel processing, neural networks, and exploitation of modern telecomms are introduced, highlighting the evolution modern video surveillance systems.

Effect of Bed Temperature on the Laser Energy Required to Sinter Copper Nanoparticles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roy, N. K.; Dibua, O. G.; Cullinan, M. A.

2018-03-01

Copper nanoparticles (NPs), due to their high electrical conductivity, low cost, and easy availability, provide an excellent alternative to other metal NPs such as gold, silver, and aluminum in applications ranging from direct printing of conductive patterns on metal and flexible substrates for printed electronics applications to making three-dimensional freeform structures for interconnect fabrication for chip-packaging applications. Lack of research on identification of optimum sintering parameters such as fluence/irradiance requirements for sintering of Cu NPs serves as the primary motivation for this study. This article focuses on the identification of a good sintering irradiance window for Cu NPs on an aluminum substrate using a continuous wave (CW) laser. The study also includes the comparison of CW laser sintering irradiance windows obtained with substrates at different initial temperatures. The irradiance requirements for sintering of Cu NPs with the substrate at 150-200°C were found to be 5-17 times smaller than the irradiance requirements for sintering with the substrate at room temperature. These findings were also compared against the results obtained with a nanosecond (ns) laser and a femtosecond (fs) laser.

Efficient Computing Budget Allocation for Finding Simplest Good Designs

PubMed Central

Jia, Qing-Shan; Zhou, Enlu; Chen, Chun-Hung

2012-01-01

In many applications some designs are easier to implement, require less training data and shorter training time, and consume less storage than the others. Such designs are called simple designs, and are usually preferred over complex ones when they all have good performance. Despite the abundant existing studies on how to find good designs in simulation-based optimization (SBO), there exist few studies on finding simplest good designs. We consider this important problem in this paper, and make the following contributions. First, we provide lower bounds for the probabilities of correctly selecting the m simplest designs with top performance, and selecting the best m such simplest good designs, respectively. Second, we develop two efficient computing budget allocation methods to find m simplest good designs and to find the best m such designs, respectively; and show their asymptotic optimalities. Third, we compare the performance of the two methods with equal allocations over 6 academic examples and a smoke detection problem in wireless sensor networks. We hope that this work brings insight to finding the simplest good designs in general. PMID:23687404

Multi-Component Diffusion with Application To Computational Aerothermodynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sutton, Kenneth; Gnoffo, Peter A.

1998-01-01

The accuracy and complexity of solving multicomponent gaseous diffusion using the detailed multicomponent equations, the Stefan-Maxwell equations, and two commonly used approximate equations have been examined in a two part study. Part I examined the equations in a basic study with specified inputs in which the results are applicable for many applications. Part II addressed the application of the equations in the Langley Aerothermodynamic Upwind Relaxation Algorithm (LAURA) computational code for high-speed entries in Earth's atmosphere. The results showed that the presented iterative scheme for solving the Stefan-Maxwell equations is an accurate and effective method as compared with solutions of the detailed equations. In general, good accuracy with the approximate equations cannot be guaranteed for a species or all species in a multi-component mixture. 'Corrected' forms of the approximate equations that ensured the diffusion mass fluxes sum to zero, as required, were more accurate than the uncorrected forms. Good accuracy, as compared with the Stefan- Maxwell results, were obtained with the 'corrected' approximate equations in defining the heating rates for the three Earth entries considered in Part II.

Energy scaling of passively Q-switched lasers In the Mj-range

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Neumann, J.; Huss, R.; Kolleck, C.; Kracht, Dietmar

2017-11-01

Q-switched lasers systems with ns pulse duration and energies ranging from 1 to more than 100mJ are utilized for many spaceborne applications such as altimetry of planets and moons. Furthermore, Q-switched lasers can be used for distance measurements during docking and landing manoeuvres. To keep the diameter of the beam small over a large distance and to consequently achieve a good lateral resolution, a good beam propagation factor M² is required. Moreover, Q-switched lasers can be used directly on the planetary surface for exploration by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy or laser desorption mass spectrometry.

Improvement of the energy resolution of pixelated CdTe detectors for applications in 0νββ searches

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gleixner, T.; Anton, G.; Filipenko, M.; Seller, P.; Veale, M. C.; Wilson, M. D.; Zang, A.; Michel, T.

2015-07-01

Experiments trying to detect 0νββ are very challenging. Their requirements include a good energy resolution and a good detection efficiency. With current fine pixelated CdTe detectors there is a trade off between the energy resolution and the detection efficiency, which limits their performance. It will be shown with simulations that this problem can be mostly negated by analysing the cathode signal which increases the optimal sensor thickness. We will compare different types of fine pixelated CdTe detectors (Timepix, Dosepix, HEXITEC) from this point of view.

The Application of Herbert Simon's Theory of Analyzing Social Movements to Women's Liberation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greer, Dean William

The method developed by Herbert Simon to study social movements through analysis of leadership is divided into (a) rhetorical requirements, (b) rhetorical problems, and (c) rhetorical strategies. The author contends that for movement studies in general, Simon does provide a good outline and guide for use by the rhetorician, but that it is…

75 FR 15777 - Common Crop Insurance Regulations, Basic Provisions; and Various Crop Insurance Provisions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-30

..., according to the recent Good Farming Practices Bulletin, there is a need in the field for unbiased and... farming operation. For instance, all producers are required to submit an application and acreage report to... excessive loss (bad farming, fraud, or bad luck), those policies should pay a recapture premium. The...

76 FR 44199 - Area Risk Protection Insurance Regulations and Area Risk Protection Insurance Crop Provisions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-22

... CFR part 400, subpart J for the informal administrative review process of good farming practices as... their farming operation. For instance, all producers are required to submit an application and acreage... practice basis, as shown on the Special Provisions. If an expected county yield is not published in the...

The "general recognition and acceptance" standard of objectivity for good faith in prescribing: legal and medical implications.

PubMed

Brushwood, David B

2007-01-01

The United States Court of Appeals for the 4th Circuit has ruled that a jury considering charges of drug trafficking against a pain management physician should be instructed that the defendant's good faith is a defense to the charges. The court rejected a subjective standard of good faith, and instead ruled that the good faith of the defendant must be evaluated from an objective perspective. This objective standard requires that the jury determine whether the defendant was practicing in accordance with the standard generally recognized and accepted in the United States. General recognition and acceptance are determined on a case-by-case basis, within the context of a defendant's practice. Simply because a physician's practice is out of the norm for many physicians does not mean it can't be generally recognized and accepted within the standard of medical practice. Expert witness testimony of pain management physicians will assist juries in the application of this standard for good faith in prescribing.

Research on the application of BIM technology in the whole life cycle of construction projects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang-liu, CHEN; Wei-wei, KOU; Shuai-hua, YE

2018-05-01

BIM technology can realize information sharing, and good BIM application will reduce the whole life cycle cost of construction projects. The popularization of BIM technology challenges the application of BIM technology at all stages of the whole life cycle of the construction project. It will give full play to the value of BIM, if developing a reasonable BIM project execution plan, defining BIM requirements, specifying Level of Development, determining the BIM quality control plan and clearing BIM application content of each stage, and will provide a unified method for project stakeholders, realize the whole life cycle of construction projects, and achieve the desired information sharing in construction project.

Natural laminar flow airfoil design considerations for winglets on low-speed airplanes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vandam, C. P.

1984-01-01

Winglet airfoil section characteristics which significantly influence cruise performance and handling qualities of an airplane are discussed. A good winglet design requires an airfoil section with a low cruise drag coefficient, a high maximum lift coefficient, and a gradual and steady movement of the boundary layer transition location with angle of attack. The first design requirement provides a low crossover lift coefficient of airplane drag polars with winglets off and on. The other requirements prevent nonlinear changes in airplane lateral/directional stability and control characteristics. These requirements are considered in the design of a natural laminar flow airfoil section for winglet applications and chord Reynolds number of 1 to 4 million.

Standardization of Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant production of bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stromal cells for immunotherapeutic applications.

PubMed

Wuchter, Patrick; Bieback, Karen; Schrezenmeier, Hubert; Bornhäuser, Martin; Müller, Lutz P; Bönig, Halvard; Wagner, Wolfgang; Meisel, Roland; Pavel, Petra; Tonn, Torsten; Lang, Peter; Müller, Ingo; Renner, Matthias; Malcherek, Georg; Saffrich, Rainer; Buss, Eike C; Horn, Patrick; Rojewski, Markus; Schmitt, Anita; Ho, Anthony D; Sanzenbacher, Ralf; Schmitt, Michael

2015-02-01

Human mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSCs) represent a potential resource not only for regenerative medicine but also for immunomodulatory cell therapies. The application of different MSC culture protocols has significantly hampered the comparability of experimental and clinical data from different laboratories and has posed a major obstacle for multicenter clinical trials. Manufacturing of cell products for clinical application in the European Community must be conducted in compliance with Good Manufacturing Practice and requires a manufacturing license. In Germany, the Paul-Ehrlich-Institut as the Federal Authority for Vaccines and Biomedicines is critically involved in the approval process. This report summarizes a consensus meeting between researchers, clinicians and regulatory experts on standard quality requirements for MSC production. The strategy for quality control testing depends on the product's cell composition, the manufacturing process and the indication and target patient population. Important quality criteria in this sense are, among others, the immunophenotype of the cells, composition of the culture medium and the risk for malignant transformation, as well as aging and the immunosuppressive potential of the manufactured MSCs. This position paper intends to provide relevant information to interested parties regarding these criteria to foster the development of scientifically valid and harmonized quality standards and to support approval of MSC-based investigational medicinal products. Copyright © 2015 International Society for Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Interference with a quantum dot single-photon source and a laser at telecom wavelength

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Felle, M.; Centre for Advanced Photonics and Electronics, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA; Huwer, J., E-mail: jan.huwer@crl.toshiba.co.uk

The interference of photons emitted by dissimilar sources is an essential requirement for a wide range of photonic quantum information applications. Many of these applications are in quantum communications and need to operate at standard telecommunication wavelengths to minimize the impact of photon losses and be compatible with existing infrastructure. Here, we demonstrate for the first time the quantum interference of telecom-wavelength photons from an InAs/GaAs quantum dot single-photon source and a laser; an important step towards such applications. The results are in good agreement with a theoretical model, indicating a high degree of indistinguishability for the interfering photons.

40 CFR 94.221 - Application of good engineering judgment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 21 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Application of good engineering... § 94.221 Application of good engineering judgment. (a) The manufacturer shall exercise good engineering... the Administrator) a written description of the engineering judgment in question. (c) The...

40 CFR 94.221 - Application of good engineering judgment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 20 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Application of good engineering... § 94.221 Application of good engineering judgment. (a) The manufacturer shall exercise good engineering... the Administrator) a written description of the engineering judgment in question. (c) The...

40 CFR 94.221 - Application of good engineering judgment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 21 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Application of good engineering... § 94.221 Application of good engineering judgment. (a) The manufacturer shall exercise good engineering... the Administrator) a written description of the engineering judgment in question. (c) The...

40 CFR 94.221 - Application of good engineering judgment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 20 2014-07-01 2013-07-01 true Application of good engineering... § 94.221 Application of good engineering judgment. (a) The manufacturer shall exercise good engineering... the Administrator) a written description of the engineering judgment in question. (c) The...

40 CFR 94.221 - Application of good engineering judgment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 20 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Application of good engineering... § 94.221 Application of good engineering judgment. (a) The manufacturer shall exercise good engineering... the Administrator) a written description of the engineering judgment in question. (c) The...

77 FR 30197 - Changes in Requirements for Specimens and for Affidavits or Declarations of Continued Use or...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-22

... services to be deleted from the registration. Therefore, if a trademark owner is not using the mark with... specimens demonstrate a trademark owner's continued use of its mark in commerce for the goods/services in... a use-based trademark application, an allegation of use, or an amendment to a registered mark. These...

38 CFR 74.2 - What are the eligibility requirements a concern must meet for VetBiz VIP Verification Program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... online Vendor Information Pages database forms at http://www.VetBiz.gov, and has been examined by VA's Center for Veterans Enterprise. Such businesses appear in the VIP database as “verified.” (b) Good... database and notify the business by phone and mail. Whenever CVE determines that the applicant submitted...

38 CFR 74.2 - What are the eligibility requirements a concern must meet for VetBiz VIP Verification Program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... online Vendor Information Pages database forms at http://www.VetBiz.gov, and has been examined by VA's Center for Veterans Enterprise. Such businesses appear in the VIP database as “verified.” (b) Good... database and notify the business by phone and mail. Whenever CVE determines that the applicant submitted...

38 CFR 74.2 - What are the eligibility requirements a concern must meet for VetBiz VIP Verification Program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... online Vendor Information Pages database forms at http://www.VetBiz.gov, and has been examined by VA's Center for Veterans Enterprise. Such businesses appear in the VIP database as “verified.” (b) Good... database and notify the business by phone and mail. Whenever CVE determines that the applicant submitted...

38 CFR 74.2 - What are the eligibility requirements a concern must meet for VetBiz VIP Verification Program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... online Vendor Information Pages database forms at http://www.VetBiz.gov, and has been examined by VA's Center for Veterans Enterprise. Such businesses appear in the VIP database as “verified.” (b) Good... database and notify the business by phone and mail. Whenever CVE determines that the applicant submitted...

38 CFR 74.2 - What are the eligibility requirements a concern must meet for VetBiz VIP Verification Program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... online Vendor Information Pages database forms at http://www.VetBiz.gov, and has been examined by VA's Center for Veterans Enterprise. Such businesses appear in the VIP database as “verified.” (b) Good... database and notify the business by phone and mail. Whenever CVE determines that the applicant submitted...

Ball-joint grounding ring

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aperlo, P. J. A.; Buck, P. A.; Weldon, V. A.

1981-01-01

In ball and socket joint where electrical insulator such as polytetrafluoroethylene is used as line to minimize friction, good electrical contact across joint may be needed for lightning protection or to prevent static-charge build-up. Electrical contact is maintained by ring of spring-loaded fingers mounted in socket. It may be useful in industry for cranes, trailers, and other applications requiring ball and socket joint.

A Review of Selective Laser Melted NiTi Shape Memory Alloy

PubMed Central

Khoo, Zhong Xun; Shen, Yu Fang

2018-01-01

NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs) have the best combination of properties among the different SMAs. However, the limitations of conventional manufacturing processes and the poor manufacturability of NiTi have critically limited its full potential applicability. Thus, additive manufacturing, commonly known as 3D printing, has the potential to be a solution in fabricating complex NiTi smart structures. Recently, a number of studies on Selective Laser Melting (SLM) of NiTi were conducted to explore the various aspects of SLM-produced NiTi. Compared to producing conventional metals through the SLM process, the fabrication of NiTi SMA is much more challenging. Not only do the produced parts require a high density that leads to good mechanical properties, strict composition control is needed as well for the SLM NiTi to possess suitable phase transformation characteristics. Additionally, obtaining a good shape memory effect from the SLM NiTi samples is another challenging task that requires further understanding. This paper presents the results of the effects of energy density and SLM process parameters on the properties of SLM NiTi. Its shape memory properties and potential applications were then reviewed and discussed. PMID:29596320

The application status of Good Food Production Method (GFPM) production of corn crackers in SME Mawar Merah Luwu Utara

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Latief, R.; Dirpan, A.; Tahir, M. M.; Albanjar, F. V.

2018-05-01

Good Food Production Method (GFPM) requires several requirements that must be fulfilled by all industries involved in the whole production chain from raw materials to the fonal product. This study aims to identify the application of GFPM in the production of corn chips, and assess the status of GFPM implementation which was conducted through observations, interwiews, and documentation of all activities related to the production process. The assessment used a reference adapted from the Decree of Indonesian Minister of Industry Affairs (Permenperin) number 75/M-Ind/Per/7/2010 and the regulation of Head of National Drug and Food Control Agency (KBPOM) number HK.03.1.23.04.12.22007 in 2012. The result showed several inappropriate conditios including: (1) absence of continuing maintanace of the wall and ceiling of the production room: (2) unstandardized ventilation in the production room; (3) absence of net weight and production labels on the packages; and (4) the absence of health label informing health claims and nutrition claims. The status of GFPM implementation in UKM Mawar Merah is at D (poor) level with a rate of IV.

21 CFR 210.2 - Applicability of current good manufacturing practice regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 4 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Applicability of current good manufacturing... AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) DRUGS: GENERAL CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE IN MANUFACTURING, PROCESSING, PACKING, OR HOLDING OF DRUGS; GENERAL § 210.2 Applicability of current good manufacturing...

Fatigue and fracture properties of a super-austenitic stainless steel at 295 K and 4 K

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McRae, D. M.; Walsh, R. P.; Dalder, E. N. C.; Litherland, S.; Trosen, M.; Kuhlmann, D. J.

2014-01-01

The tie plate structure for the ITER Central Solenoid (CS) is required to have high strength and good fatigue and fracture behavior at both room temperature and 4 K. A super-austenitic stainless steel - UNS 20910, commonly referred to by its trade name, Nitronic 50 (N50) - has been chosen for consideration to fulfill this task, due to its good room temperature and cryogenic yield strengths and weldability. Although N50 is often considered for cryogenic applications, little published data exists at 4 K. Here, a full series of tests have been conducted at 295 K and 4 K, and static tensile properties of four forgings of commercially-available N50 are reported along with fatigue life, fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR), and fracture toughness data. This study makes a significant contribution to the cryogenic mechanical properties database of high strength, paramagnetic alloys with potential for superconducting magnet applications.

Catalysis, nanostructure and macroscopic property triangle in bioactive calcium-containing ceramic systems.

PubMed

Meiszterics, Anikó; Havancsák, Károly; Sinkó, Katalin

2013-04-01

Calcium silicate ceramics are intended for application as long-term implant materials. In the present work, attention was paid to understand the correlations between the nanostructure (aggregate size, crystallinity, porosity) and the macroscopic properties (solubility in water and simulated body fluids, SBF; hardness) varying the chemical composition. Varying the catalyst (from a base to various acids) during the chemical synthesis was shown to significantly impact on the pore size, crystallinity and mechanical properties. The basic catalyst yields the ceramics with the highest mechanical strength. Ammonia used in 1.0 or 10.0 molar ratio results in bulk ceramics with parameters required for a biomedical application, good hardness (180-200 HV) and low solubility (1-3%) in water and in SBF. The fine porosity (~50 nm) and homogeneous amorphous structure induce good mechanical character. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automation of Data Traffic Control on DSM Architecture

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Frumkin, Michael; Jin, Hao-Qiang; Yan, Jerry

2001-01-01

The design of distributed shared memory (DSM) computers liberates users from the duty to distribute data across processors and allows for the incremental development of parallel programs using, for example, OpenMP or Java threads. DSM architecture greatly simplifies the development of parallel programs having good performance on a few processors. However, to achieve a good program scalability on DSM computers requires that the user understand data flow in the application and use various techniques to avoid data traffic congestions. In this paper we discuss a number of such techniques, including data blocking, data placement, data transposition and page size control and evaluate their efficiency on the NAS (NASA Advanced Supercomputing) Parallel Benchmarks. We also present a tool which automates the detection of constructs causing data congestions in Fortran array oriented codes and advises the user on code transformations for improving data traffic in the application.

Advanced local area network concepts

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Grant, Terry

1985-01-01

Development of a good model of the data traffic requirements for Local Area Networks (LANs) onboard the Space Station is the driving problem in this work. A parameterized workload model is under development. An analysis contract has been started specifically to capture the distributed processing requirements for the Space Station and then to develop a top level model to simulate how various processing scenarios can handle the workload and what data communication patterns result. A summary of the Local Area Network Extendsible Simulator 2 Requirements Specification and excerpts from a grant report on the topological design of fiber optic local area networks with application to Expressnet are given.

Polymerase Chain Reaction/Rapid Methods Are Gaining a Foothold in Developing Countries.

PubMed

Ragheb, Suzan Mohammed; Jimenez, Luis

Detection of microbial contamination in pharmaceutical raw materials and finished products is a critical factor to guarantee their safety, stability, and potency. Rapid microbiological methods-such as polymerase chain reaction-have been widely applied to clinical and food quality control analysis. However, polymerase chain reaction applications to pharmaceutical quality control have been rather slow and sporadic. Successful implementation of these methods in pharmaceutical companies in developing countries requires important considerations to provide sensitive and robust assays that will comply with good manufacturing practices. In recent years several publications have encouraged the application of molecular techniques in the microbiological assessment of pharmaceuticals. One of these techniques is polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The successful application of PCR in the pharmaceutical industry in developing countries is governed by considerable factors and requirements. These factors include the setting up of a PCR laboratory and the choice of appropriate equipment and reagents. In addition, the presence of well-trained analysts and establishment of quality control and quality assurance programs are important requirements. The pharmaceutical firms should take into account these factors to allow better chances for regulatory acceptance and wide application of this technique. © PDA, Inc. 2014.

40 CFR 86.1851-01 - Application of good engineering judgment to manufacturers' decisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 19 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Application of good engineering... Application of good engineering judgment to manufacturers' decisions. (a) The manufacturer shall exercise good engineering judgment in making all decisions called for under this subpart, including but not limited to...

40 CFR 86.1851-01 - Application of good engineering judgment to manufacturers' decisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 19 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Application of good engineering... Application of good engineering judgment to manufacturers' decisions. (a) The manufacturer shall exercise good engineering judgment in making all decisions called for under this subpart, including but not limited to...

40 CFR 86.1851-01 - Application of good engineering judgment to manufacturers' decisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 20 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Application of good engineering... Application of good engineering judgment to manufacturers' decisions. (a) The manufacturer shall exercise good engineering judgment in making all decisions called for under this subpart, including but not limited to...

40 CFR 86.1851-01 - Application of good engineering judgment to manufacturers' decisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 20 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Application of good engineering... Application of good engineering judgment to manufacturers' decisions. (a) The manufacturer shall exercise good engineering judgment in making all decisions called for under this subpart, including but not limited to...

Wave Fluid Film Bearing Tests for an Aviation Gearbox

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dimofte, Florin; Proctor, Margaret P.; Fleming, David P.; Keith, Theo G., Jr.

2000-01-01

An oil-lubricated wave journal-thrust bearing assembly was successfully tested at conditions found in general aviation engine gearboxes. The bearing performed well at both steady state conditions and in start-stop tests. It ran stably under all loading conditions, including zero load, at all speeds up to 16 000 rpm. The bearing carried 25 percent more load than required for the gearbox application, supporting 8900 N (94 bars average pressure), and showed very good thermal stability. 450 start-stop cycles were also performed, including 350 cycles without oil supply during starting and stopping. Test results and numerical predictions were in good agreement.

Accurate quantification of magnetic particle properties by intra-pair magnetophoresis for nanobiotechnology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

van Reenen, Alexander; Gao, Yang; Bos, Arjen H.; de Jong, Arthur M.; Hulsen, Martien A.; den Toonder, Jaap M. J.; Prins, Menno W. J.

2013-07-01

The application of magnetic particles in biomedical research and in-vitro diagnostics requires accurate characterization of their magnetic properties, with single-particle resolution and good statistics. Here, we report intra-pair magnetophoresis as a method to accurately quantify the field-dependent magnetic moments of magnetic particles and to rapidly generate histograms of the magnetic moments with good statistics. We demonstrate our method with particles of different sizes and from different sources, with a measurement precision of a few percent. We expect that intra-pair magnetophoresis will be a powerful tool for the characterization and improvement of particles for the upcoming field of particle-based nanobiotechnology.

Wide gap active brazing of ceramic-to-metal-joints for high temperature applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bobzin, K.; Zhao, L.; Kopp, N.; Samadian Anavar, S.

2014-03-01

Applications like solid oxide fuel cells and sensors increasingly demand the possibility to braze ceramics to metals with a good resistance to high temperatures and oxidative atmospheres. Commonly used silver based active filler metals cannot fulfill these requirements, if application temperatures higher than 600°C occur. Au and Pd based active fillers are too expensive for many fields of use. As one possible solution nickel based active fillers were developed. Due to the high brazing temperatures and the low ductility of nickel based filler metals, the modification of standard nickel based filler metals were necessary to meet the requirements of above mentioned applications. To reduce thermally induced stresses wide brazing gaps and the addition of Al2O3 and WC particles to the filler metal were applied. In this study, the microstructure of the brazed joints and the thermo-chemical reactions between filler metal, active elements and WC particles were analyzed to understand the mechanism of the so called wide gap active brazing process. With regard to the behavior in typical application oxidation and thermal cycle tests were conducted as well as tensile tests.

GRCop-84: A High Temperature Copper-based Alloy For High Heat Flux Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ellis, David L.

2005-01-01

While designed for rocket engine main combustion chamber liners, GRCop-84 (Cu-8 at.% Cr-4 at.% Nb) offers potential for high heat flux applications in industrial applications requiring a temperature capability up to approximately 700 C (1292 F). GRCop-84 is a copper-based alloy with excellent elevated temperature strength, good creep resistance, long LCF lives and enhanced oxidation resistance. It also has a lower thermal expansion than copper and many other low alloy copper-based alloys. GRCop-84 can be manufactured into a variety of shapes such as tubing, bar, plate and sheet using standard production techniques and requires no special production techniques. GRCop-84 forms well, so conventional fabrication methods including stamping and bending can be used. GRCop-84 has demonstrated an ability to be friction stir welded, brazed, inertia welded, diffusion bonded and electron beam welded for joining to itself and other materials. Potential applications include plastic injection molds, resistance welding electrodes and holders, permanent metal casting molds, vacuum plasma spray nozzles and high temperature heat exchanger applications.

Applying Quality by Design Concepts to Pharmacy Compounding.

PubMed

Timko, Robert J

2015-01-01

Compounding of medications is an important part of the practice of the pharmacy profession. Because compounded medications do not have U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval, a pharmacist has the responsibility to ensure that compounded medications are of suitable quality, safety, and efficacy. The Federal Government and numerous states have updated their laws and regulations regarding pharmacy compounding as a result of recent quality issues. Compounding pharmacists are expected to follow good preparation prodecures in their compounding practices in much the same way pharmaceutical manufacturers are required to follow Current Good Manufacturing Procedures as detailed in the United States Code of Federal Regulations. Application of Quality by Design concepts to the preparation process for a compounded medication can help in understanding the potential pitfalls and the means to mitigate their impact. The goal is to build quality into the compounding process to ensure that the resultant compounded prescription meets the human or animal patients' requirements.

Modeling of near wall turbulence and modeling of bypass transition

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yang, Z.

1992-01-01

The objectives for this project are as follows: (1) Modeling of the near wall turbulence: We aim to develop a second order closure for the near wall turbulence. As a first step of this project, we try to develop a kappa-epsilon model for near wall turbulence. We require the resulting model to be able to handle both near wall turbulence and turbulent flows away from the wall, computationally robust, and applicable for complex flow situations, flow with separation, for example, and (2) Modeling of the bypass transition: We aim to develop a bypass transition model which contains the effect of intermittency. Thus, the model can be used for both the transitional boundary layers and the turbulent boundary layers. We require the resulting model to give a good prediction of momentum and heat transfer within the transitional boundary and a good prediction of the effect of freestream turbulence on transitional boundary layers.

Colorimetric Characterization of Mobile Devices for Vision Applications.

PubMed

de Fez, Dolores; Luque, Maria José; García-Domene, Maria Carmen; Camps, Vicente; Piñero, David

2016-01-01

Available applications for vision testing in mobile devices usually do not include detailed setup instructions, sacrificing rigor to obtain portability and ease of use. In particular, colorimetric characterization processes are generally obviated. We show that different mobile devices differ also in colorimetric profile and that those differences limit the range of applications for which they are most adequate. The color reproduction characteristics of four mobile devices, two smartphones (Samsung Galaxy S4, iPhone 4s) and two tablets (Samsung Galaxy Tab 3, iPad 4), have been evaluated using two procedures: 3D LUT (Look Up Table) and a linear model assuming primary constancy and independence of the channels. The color reproduction errors have been computed with the CIEDE2000 color difference formula. There is good constancy of primaries but large deviations of additivity. The 3D LUT characterization yields smaller reproduction errors and dispersions for the Tab 3 and iPhone 4 devices, but for the iPad 4 and S4, both models are equally good. The smallest reproduction errors occur with both Apple devices, although the iPad 4 has the highest number of outliers of all devices with both colorimetric characterizations. Even though there is good constancy of primaries, the large deviations of additivity exhibited by the devices and the larger reproduction errors make any characterization based on channel independence not recommendable. The smartphone screens show, in average, the best color reproduction performance, particularly the iPhone 4, and therefore, they are more adequate for applications requiring precise color reproduction.

The Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency: Comparison of Its Registration Process with Australia, Canada, Saudi Arabia, and Singapore

PubMed Central

Mashaki Ceyhan, Emel; Gürsöz, Hakki; Alkan, Ali; Coşkun, Hacer; Koyuncu, Oğuzhan; Walker, Stuart

2018-01-01

Introduction: Regulatory agency comparisons can be of more value and facilitate improvements if conducted among countries with common challenges and similar health agency characteristics. A study was conducted to compare the registration review model used by the Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency (Türkiye Ilaç ve Tibbi Cihaz Kurumu; TITCK) with those of four similar-sized regulatory agencies to identify areas of strength and those requiring further improvement within the TITCK in relation to the review process as well as to assess the level of adherence to good review practices (GRevP) in order to facilitate the TITCK progress toward agency goals. Methods: A questionnaire was completed and validated by the TITCK to collect data related to agency organizational structure, regulatory review process and decision-making practices. Similar questionnaires were completed and validated by Australia's Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), Health Canada, Singapore's Health Science Authority (HSA), and the Saudi Arabia Food and Drug Administration (SFDA). Results: The TITCK performs a full review for all new active substance (NAS) applications. Submission of a Certificate of Pharmaceutical product (CPP) with an application is not required; however, evidence of approval in another country is required for final authorization by the TITCK. Pricing data are not required by the TITCK at the time of submission; however, pricing must be completed to enable products to be commercially available. Mean approval times at the TITCK exceeded the agency's overall target time suggesting room for improved performance, consistency, and process predictability. Measures of GRevP are in place, but the implementation by the TITCK is not currently formalized. Discussion: Comparisons made through this study enabled recommendations to the TITCK that include streamlining the good manufacturing practice (GMP) process by sharing GMP inspection outcomes and certificates issued by other authorities, thus avoiding the delays by the current process; removing the requirement for prior approval or CPP; introducing shared or joint reviews with other similar regulatory authorities; formally implementing and monitoring GRevP; defining target timing for each review milestone; redefining the pricing process; and improving transparency by developing publicly available summaries for the basis of approval. PMID:29422861

The Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency: Comparison of Its Registration Process with Australia, Canada, Saudi Arabia, and Singapore.

PubMed

Mashaki Ceyhan, Emel; Gürsöz, Hakki; Alkan, Ali; Coşkun, Hacer; Koyuncu, Oğuzhan; Walker, Stuart

2018-01-01

Introduction: Regulatory agency comparisons can be of more value and facilitate improvements if conducted among countries with common challenges and similar health agency characteristics. A study was conducted to compare the registration review model used by the Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency (Türkiye Ilaç ve Tibbi Cihaz Kurumu; TITCK) with those of four similar-sized regulatory agencies to identify areas of strength and those requiring further improvement within the TITCK in relation to the review process as well as to assess the level of adherence to good review practices (GRevP) in order to facilitate the TITCK progress toward agency goals. Methods: A questionnaire was completed and validated by the TITCK to collect data related to agency organizational structure, regulatory review process and decision-making practices. Similar questionnaires were completed and validated by Australia's Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), Health Canada, Singapore's Health Science Authority (HSA), and the Saudi Arabia Food and Drug Administration (SFDA). Results: The TITCK performs a full review for all new active substance (NAS) applications. Submission of a Certificate of Pharmaceutical product (CPP) with an application is not required; however, evidence of approval in another country is required for final authorization by the TITCK. Pricing data are not required by the TITCK at the time of submission; however, pricing must be completed to enable products to be commercially available. Mean approval times at the TITCK exceeded the agency's overall target time suggesting room for improved performance, consistency, and process predictability. Measures of GRevP are in place, but the implementation by the TITCK is not currently formalized. Discussion: Comparisons made through this study enabled recommendations to the TITCK that include streamlining the good manufacturing practice (GMP) process by sharing GMP inspection outcomes and certificates issued by other authorities, thus avoiding the delays by the current process; removing the requirement for prior approval or CPP; introducing shared or joint reviews with other similar regulatory authorities; formally implementing and monitoring GRevP; defining target timing for each review milestone; redefining the pricing process; and improving transparency by developing publicly available summaries for the basis of approval.

Standalone Mobile Application for Shipping Services Based on Geographic Information System and A-Star Algorithm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gunawan, D.; Marzuki, I.; Candra, A.

2018-03-01

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) plays an essential role in shipping service related application. By utilizing GIS, the courier can find the route to deliver goods for its customer. This research proposes a standalone mobile application to provide the shortest route to the destinations by utilizing geographic information systems with A-Star algorithm. This application is intended to be used although the area has no Internet network available. The developed application can handle several drop off points then calculates the shortest route that passes through all the drop off points. According to the conducted testing, the number of drop off points that can be calculated is influenced by the specification of the smartphone. More destinations require more smartphone resources and time to process.

Using probabilistic model as feature descriptor on a smartphone device for autonomous navigation of unmanned ground vehicles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Desai, Alok; Lee, Dah-Jye

2013-12-01

There has been significant research on the development of feature descriptors in the past few years. Most of them do not emphasize real-time applications. This paper presents the development of an affine invariant feature descriptor for low resource applications such as UAV and UGV that are equipped with an embedded system with a small microprocessor, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a smart phone device. UAV and UGV have proven suitable for many promising applications such as unknown environment exploration, search and rescue operations. These applications required on board image processing for obstacle detection, avoidance and navigation. All these real-time vision applications require a camera to grab images and match features using a feature descriptor. A good feature descriptor will uniquely describe a feature point thus allowing it to be correctly identified and matched with its corresponding feature point in another image. A few feature description algorithms are available for a resource limited system. They either require too much of the device's resource or too much simplification on the algorithm, which results in reduction in performance. This research is aimed at meeting the needs of these systems without sacrificing accuracy. This paper introduces a new feature descriptor called PRObabilistic model (PRO) for UGV navigation applications. It is a compact and efficient binary descriptor that is hardware-friendly and easy for implementation.

Interpersonal team leadership skills.

PubMed

Nelson, M

1995-05-01

To say that a team leader's job is a tough one is certainly not saying enough. It is up to the team leader to manage a group of people to be individuals but yet work as a team. The team leader must keep the peace and yet create a revolution with this group all at the same time. The good leader will require a lot of education, training, and tons of practical application to be a success. The good news, however, is that the team leader's job is a rewarding one, one that they'll always feel good about if they do it right. How many of us get the opportunity to take a group of wonderful, thinking individual minds and pull from them ideas that a whole team can take to success? Yes, the job is indeed tough, but the paybacks are many.

RFI-Based Ion Linac Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Swenson, Donald A.

A new company, Ion Linac Systems, Inc., has been formed to promote the development, manufacture, and marketing of intense, RFI-based, Ion Linac Systems. The Rf Focused Interdigital (RFI) linac structure was invented by the author while at Linac Systems, LLC. The first step, for the new company, will be to correct a flaw in an existing RFI-based linac system and to demonstrate "good transmission" through the system. The existing system, aimed at the BNCT medical application, is designed to produce a beam of 2.5 MeV protons with an average beam current of 20 mA. In conjunction with a lithium target, it will produce an intense beam of epithermal neutrons. This system is very efficient, requiring only 180 kW of rf power to produce a 50 kW proton beam. In addition to the BNCT medical application, the RFI-based systems should represent a powerful neutron generator for homeland security, defence applications, cargo container inspection, and contraband detection. The timescale to the demonstration of "good transmission" is early fall of this year. Our website is www.ionlinacs.com.

Optical filters for UV to near IR space applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Begou, T.; Krol, H.; Hecquet, Christophe; Bondet, C.; Lumeau, J.; Grèzes-Besset, C.; Lequime, M.

2017-11-01

We present hereafter the results on the fabrication of complex optical filters within the Institut Fresnel in close collaboration with CILAS. Bandpass optical filters dedicated to astronomy and space applications, with central wavelengths ranging from ultraviolet to near infrared, were deposited on both sides of glass substrates with performances in very good congruence with theoretical designs. For these applications, the required functions are particularly complex as they must present a very narrow bandwidth as well as a high level of rejection over a broad spectral range. In addition to those severe optical performances, insensitivity to environmental conditions is necessary. For this purpose, robust solutions with particularly stable performances have to be proposed.

Design consideration of resonance inverters with electro-technological application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hinov, Nikolay

2017-12-01

This study presents design consideration of resonance inverters with electro-technological application. The presented methodology was achieved as a result of investigations and analyses of different types and working regimes of resonance inverters, made by the author. Are considered schemes of resonant inverters without inverse diodes. The first harmonic method is used in the analysis and design. This method for the case of inverters with electro-technological application gives very good accuracy. This does not require the use of a complex and heavy mathematical apparatus. The proposed methodology is easy to use and is suitable for use in training students in power electronics. Authenticity of achieved results is confirmed by simulating and physical prototypes research work.

Professional values and informatics: what is the connection?

PubMed

Pritchard, Peter

2004-01-01

General practitioners (GPs) need to feel that they are doing a good job in providing care of high quality in a humane manner - that they are "good" doctors. The General Medical Council booklet Good Medical Practice is full of imperatives, but short on values that are the determinants of behaviour. Much has been written on doctors' professional values in the past decade, but it is not easy for individual GPs and teams to define their own values and consider to what extent they live up to them. Values and informatics, at first glance, might seem to have little in common, or even to be mutually antipathetic, and this is possible within the limitations of current technology. However, providing high-quality care involves the application of knowledge, evidence and guidelines, as well as auditing outcomes. For all these tasks, informatics provides the essential means of discovering whether we, as individuals and teams, are living up to our espoused values so that they become values-in-action that drive behaviour. Application of advanced informatics has the potential to improve and measure diagnostic and therapeutic skills. Technical advances are impressive, but their application lags. The next logical step would seem to be a comprehensive and easy-to-use knowledge-based decision support (KBDS) system in a convenient format. Locally based KBDS could facilitate self-audit and provide a step towards the ideal of a "self-organising system" requiring little external audit.

10 CFR Appendix B to Part 603 - Flow Down Requirements for Purchases of Goods and Services

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS Pt. 603, App. B Appendix B to Part 603—Flow Down Requirements for Purchases of Goods... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Flow Down Requirements for Purchases of Goods and Services... requirements that flow down to their purchases of goods or services (e.g., supplies or equipment) under their...

10 CFR Appendix B to Part 603 - Flow Down Requirements for Purchases of Goods and Services

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS Pt. 603, App. B Appendix B to Part 603—Flow Down Requirements for Purchases of Goods... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Flow Down Requirements for Purchases of Goods and Services... requirements that flow down to their purchases of goods or services (e.g., supplies or equipment) under their...

Deployment of German Electronic Citizen Cards in Banking: Opportunities and Challenges

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Büger, Matthias

The German federal government plans to issue an electronic citizen card (eID) in 2009, replacing the current identity card (Personalausweis). Since the eID should be good for identification in E-government as well as E-business applications, it is aimed to be used in the banking environment. One application would be opening a bank account in the internet. If this was possible, the process would be much easier than today. However, German law still requires a physical ID card. We will discuss the opportunities and the challenges of possible usage of eID in banking.

Bioinspired surface functionalization of metallic biomaterials.

PubMed

Su, Yingchao; Luo, Cheng; Zhang, Zhihui; Hermawan, Hendra; Zhu, Donghui; Huang, Jubin; Liang, Yunhong; Li, Guangyu; Ren, Luquan

2018-01-01

Metallic biomaterials are widely used for clinical applications because of their excellent mechanical properties and good durability. In order to provide essential biofunctionalities, surface functionalization is of particular interest and requirement in the development of high-performance metallic implants. Inspired by the functional surface of natural biological systems, many new designs and conceptions have recently emerged to create multifunctional surfaces with great potential for biomedical applications. This review firstly introduces the metallic biomaterials, important surface properties, and then elaborates some strategies on achieving the bioinspired surface functionalization for metallic biomaterials. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Design and experimental results for a flapped natural-laminar-flow airfoil for general aviation applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Somers, D. M.

1981-01-01

A flapped natural laminar flow airfoil for general aviation applications, the NLF(1)-0215F, has been designed and analyzed theoretically and verified experimentally in the Langley Low Turbulence Pressure Tunnel. The basic objective of combining the high maximum lift of the NASA low speed airfoils with the low cruise drag of the NACA 6 series airfoils has been achieved. The safety requirement that the maximum lift coefficient not be significantly affected with transition fixed near the leading edge has also been met. Comparisons of the theoretical and experimental results show generally good agreement.

Optical polarization: plenty of room for surprise

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chenault, David

2012-10-01

Solutions to difficult problems in complex environments frequently require methodical approaches and detailed research plans. Fortunately, there is still room for serendipity in disciplines that are relatively mature and well understood. As a case in point, optical sensors that exploit polarized light have matured greatly and the discipline of optical polarization has grown substantially in scope and applications over the last ten years. In spite of this increased understanding, polarization signatures are frequently not well understood. A good example is polarization in the animal kingdom. The potential for polarimetric monitoring of moose populations, and other applications, will be discussed.

On Study of Application of Micro-reactor in Chemistry and Chemical Field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Yunshen

2018-02-01

Serving as a micro-scale chemical reaction system, micro-reactor is characterized by high heat transfer efficiency and mass transfer, strictly controlled reaction time and good safety performance; compared with the traditional mixing reactor, it can effectively shorten reaction time by virtue of these advantages and greatly enhance the chemical reaction conversion rate. However, problems still exist in the process where micro-reactor is used for production in chemistry and chemical field, and relevant researchers are required to optimize and perfect the performance of micro-reactor. This paper analyzes specific application of micro-reactor in chemistry and chemical field.

Practical considerations for disaster preparedness and continuity management in research facilities.

PubMed

Mortell, Norman; Nicholls, Sam

2013-10-01

Many research facility managers, veterinarians and directors are familiar with the principles of Good Laboratory Practice, requirements of the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International, tenets of biosecurity and standards of animal welfare and housing but may be less familiar with the ideas of business continuity. But business continuity considerations are as applicable to research facilities as they are to other institutions. The authors discuss how business continuity principles can be applied in the research context and propose that such application, or 'research continuity management,' enables a focused but wide-reaching approach to disaster preparedness.

'She sort of shines': midwives' accounts of 'good' midwifery and 'good' leadership.

PubMed

Byrom, Sheena; Downe, Soo

2010-02-01

to explore midwives' accounts of the characteristics of 'good' leadership and 'good' midwifery. a phenomenological interview survey. Participants were asked about what made both good and poor midwives and leaders. two maternity departments within National Health Service trusts in the North West of England. qualified midwives, selected by random sampling stratified to encompass senior and junior grades. thematic analysis, carried out manually. ten midwives were interviewed. Sixteen codes and six sub-themes were generated. Across the responses, two clear dimensions (themes) were identified, relating on the one hand to aspects of knowledge, skill and competence (termed 'skilled competence'), and on the other hand to specific personality characteristics (termed 'emotional intelligence'). This study suggests that the ability to act knowledgeably, safely and competently was seen as a basic requirement for both clinical midwives and midwife leaders. The added element which made both the midwife and the leader 'good' was the extent of their emotional capability. this small-scale in-depth study could form the basis for hypothesis generation for larger scale work in this area in future. The findings offer some reinforcement for the potential applicability of theories of transformational leadership to midwifery management and practice. Copyright 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Inlet-engine matching for SCAR including application of a bicone variable geometry inlet

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wasserbauer, J. F.; Gerstenmaier, W. H.

1978-01-01

Airflow characteristics of variable cycle engines (VCE) designed for Mach 2.32 can have transonic airflow requirements as high as 1.6 times the cruise airflow. This is a formidable requirement for conventional, high performance, axisymmetric, translating centerbody mixed compression inlets. An alternate inlet is defined, where the second cone of a two cone center body collapses to the initial cone angle to provide a large off-design airflow capability, and incorporates modest centerbody translation to minimize spillage drag. Estimates of transonic spillage drag are competitive with those of conventional translating centerbody inlets. The inlet's cruise performance exhibits very low bleed requirements with good recovery and high angle of attack capability.

21 CFR 1271.150 - Current good tissue practice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Current good tissue practice requirements. 1271... HUMAN CELLS, TISSUES, AND CELLULAR AND TISSUE-BASED PRODUCTS Current Good Tissue Practice § 1271.150 Current good tissue practice requirements. (a) General. This subpart D and subpart C of this part set...

Flow behavior of regenerated wool-keratin proteins in different mediums.

PubMed

Alemdar, Ayse; Iridag, Yesim; Kazanci, Murat

2005-04-01

Keratin is abundantly present in nature and the major component of hair, wool, feather, nail and horns. Dissolution of keratin is often required when non-textile applications are demanded. However, the low solubility of keratin in water is the major problem. It becomes unstable and precipitated when stored for a long time. Therefore, it is necessary to find a good solvent that provides high stability and easy processibility. In this research, we used formic acid and dimethylformamide (DMF) to dissolve regenerated keratin protein films. It is shown that formic acid is a good solvent for regenerated keratin proteins for the purpose of storage. Transparent and stable regenerated keratin solution is obtained in formic acid.

Study on zigzag maneuver characteristics of V-U very large crude oil (VLCC) tankers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jaswar, Maimun, A.; Wahid, M. A.; Priyanto, A.; Zamani, Pauzi, Saman

2012-06-01

The Department of Marine Technology at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia has recently developed an Ship Maneuverability tool which intends to upgrade student's level understanding the application of fluid dynamic on interaction between hull, propeller, and rudder during maneuvering. This paper discusses zigzag maneuver for conventional Very Large Crude Oil (VLCC) ships with the same principal dimensions but different stern flame shape. 10/10 zigzag maneuver characteristics of U and V types of VLCC ships are investigated. Simulation results for U-type show a good agreement with the experimental data, but V-type not good agreement with experimental one. Further study on zigzag maneuver characteristics are required.

Inorganic Nanocrystals Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: Fabrication and Enhanced Bio-applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Tiancong; Nguyen, Nam-Trung; Xie, Yang; Sun, Xiaofei; Li, Qin; Li, Xiaomin

2017-12-01

Mesoporous SiO2 nanoparticles (MSNs) are one of the most promising materials for bio-related applications due to advantages such as good biocompatibility, tunable mesopores and large pore volume. However, unlike the inorganic nanocrystals with abundant physical properties, MSNs alone lack functional features. Thus, they are not sufficiently suitable for bio-applications that require special functions. Consequently, MSNs are often functionalized by incorporating inorganic nanocrystals, which provide a wide range of intriguing properties. This review focuses on inorganic nanocrystals functionalized MSNs, both their fabrication and bio-applications. Some of the most utilized methods for coating mesoporous silica (mSiO2) on nanoparticles were summarized. Magnetic, fluorescence and photothermal inorganic nanocrystals functionalized MSNs were taken as examples to demonstrate the bio-applications. Furthermore, asymmetry of MSNs and their effects on functions were also highlighted.

Planar Dipole Input Resistance vs. Trace Thickness for Different Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-01

adequate manufacturing methods such as inkjet printing.2 As such, good antenna construction requires careful consideration of design constraints, as well...antenna to be constructed from different materials and through different manufacturing methods, preferably inkjet printing. This report validates the...antenna for RFID applications. IEEE Xplore Digital Library (2014): n. pag. Web. 31 July 2014. 2. Rida A, Yang L, Vyas R, Tentzeris MM. Conductive inkjet

Low Cost Fiber Optic Cable Assemblies for Local Distribution Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-04-01

coefficient of friction, and is chemically inert. PFA exhibits low water permeability and ab- sorption . FEP-100 and FEP-110 were initially extruded over T08...with FEP 110. To overcome these problems, Teflon PFA 9704 was evaluated. It exhibited good extrudability which allowed application of thin and thick...superior extrudability, in addition to meeting the optical characteristics required for a cladding material, Teflon PFA was considered a viable

Intelligent magnetometer with photoelectric sampler

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Defang; Xu, Yan; Zhu, Minjun

1991-08-01

The magnetometer described in this paper introduces a photoelectric sampler and a single-chip microcomputer, thus eliminating the error that is not eliminated in the analog circuit. The application of the photoelectric segregator and the voltage-to-frequency convertor have suppressed the interference significantly. According to the requirement of measuring the magnetic field, the function of automatic searching the latching is added. The intelligent magnetometer has higher accuracy and good temperature stability.

Efficient NC Algorithms for Set Cover Applications to Learning and Geometry.

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-05-01

required for one invocation of [L2]. The number of processors is O( ZeEE Jej 2 +n 2) = O(cneE_,E jeI+n 2). Assuming the n 2 term is insignificant...get a good P. 0 The number of processors for our deterministic selection procedure will be O( ZeEE , e 2+ IV12), which is at most n times the input size

E-Learning Application of Tarsier with Virtual Reality using Android Platform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oroh, H. N.; Munir, R.; Paseru, D.

2017-01-01

Spectral Tarsier is a primitive primate that can only be found in the province of North Sulawesi. To study these primates can be used an e-learning application with Augmented Reality technology that uses a marker to confronted the camera computer to interact with three dimensions Tarsier object. But that application only shows tarsier object in three dimensions without habitat and requires a lot of resources because it runs on a Personal Computer. The same technology can be shown three dimensions’ objects is Virtual Reality to excess can make the user like venturing into the virtual world with Android platform that requires fewer resources. So, put on Virtual Reality technology using the Android platform that can make users not only to view and interact with the tarsiers but also the habitat. The results of this research indicate that the user can learn the Tarsier and habitat with good. Thus, the use of Virtual Reality technology in the e-learning application of tarsiers can help people to see, know, and learn about Spectral Tarsier.

A Survey on Data Quality for Dependable Monitoring in Wireless Sensor Networks.

PubMed

Jesus, Gonçalo; Casimiro, António; Oliveira, Anabela

2017-09-02

Wireless sensor networks are being increasingly used in several application areas, particularly to collect data and monitor physical processes. Non-functional requirements, like reliability, security or availability, are often important and must be accounted for in the application development. For that purpose, there is a large body of knowledge on dependability techniques for distributed systems, which provide a good basis to understand how to satisfy these non-functional requirements of WSN-based monitoring applications. Given the data-centric nature of monitoring applications, it is of particular importance to ensure that data are reliable or, more generically, that they have the necessary quality. In this survey, we look into the problem of ensuring the desired quality of data for dependable monitoring using WSNs. We take a dependability-oriented perspective, reviewing the possible impairments to dependability and the prominent existing solutions to solve or mitigate these impairments. Despite the variety of components that may form a WSN-based monitoring system, we give particular attention to understanding which faults can affect sensors, how they can affect the quality of the information and how this quality can be improved and quantified.

Hybrid Propulsion In-Situ Resource Utilization Test Facility Results

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Karp, Ashley Chandler; Nakazono, Barry; Vaughan, David; Warner, William N.

2015-01-01

Hybrid rockets present a promising alternative to conventional chemical propulsion systems for In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) and in-space applications. While they have many benefits for these applications, there are still many small details that require research before they can be adopted into flight systems. A flexible test facility was developed at JPL to test operation of hybrid motors at small scale (5 cm outer diameter fuel grains) over a range of conditions. Specifically, this paper studies two of the major advantages: low temperature performance and throttling. Paraffin-based hybrid rockets are predicted to have good performance at low temperatures. This could significantly decrease the overall system mass by minimizing the thermal conditioning required for Mars or outer planet applications. Therefore, the coefficient of thermal expansion and glass transition of paraffin are discussed. Additionally, deep throttling has been considered for several applications. This was a natural starting point for hotfire testing using the hybrid propulsion ISRU test facility. Additionally, short length to diameter ratio (L/D) fuel grains are tested to determine if these systems can be packaged into geometrically constrained spaces.

Techniques of EMG signal analysis: detection, processing, classification and applications

PubMed Central

Hussain, M.S.; Mohd-Yasin, F.

2006-01-01

Electromyography (EMG) signals can be used for clinical/biomedical applications, Evolvable Hardware Chip (EHW) development, and modern human computer interaction. EMG signals acquired from muscles require advanced methods for detection, decomposition, processing, and classification. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the various methodologies and algorithms for EMG signal analysis to provide efficient and effective ways of understanding the signal and its nature. We further point up some of the hardware implementations using EMG focusing on applications related to prosthetic hand control, grasp recognition, and human computer interaction. A comparison study is also given to show performance of various EMG signal analysis methods. This paper provides researchers a good understanding of EMG signal and its analysis procedures. This knowledge will help them develop more powerful, flexible, and efficient applications. PMID:16799694

Lead-free bearing alloys for engine applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ratke, Lorenz; Ågren, John; Ludwig, Andreas; Tonn, Babette; Gránásy, László; Mathiesen, Ragnvald; Arnberg, Lars; Anger, Gerd; Reifenhäuser, Bernd; Lauer, Michael; Garen, Rune; Gust, Edgar

2005-10-01

Recent developments to reduce the fuel consumption, emission and air pollution, size and weight of engines for automotive, truck, ship propulsion and electrical power generation lead to temperature and load conditions within the engines that cannot be borne by conventional bearings. Presently, only costly multilayer bearings with electroplated or sputtered surface coatings can cope with the load/speed combinations required. Ecological considerations in recent years led to a ban by the European Commission on the use of lead in cars a problem for the standard bronze-lead bearing material. This MAP project is therefore developing an aluminium-based lead-free bearing material with sufficient hardness, wear and friction properties and good corrosion resistance. Only alloys made of components immiscible in the molten state can meet the demanding requirements. Space experimentation plays a crucial role in optimising the cast microstructure for such applications.

FPGA-Based Smart Sensor for Online Displacement Measurements Using a Heterodyne Interferometer

PubMed Central

Vera-Salas, Luis Alberto; Moreno-Tapia, Sandra Veronica; Garcia-Perez, Arturo; de Jesus Romero-Troncoso, Rene; Osornio-Rios, Roque Alfredo; Serroukh, Ibrahim; Cabal-Yepez, Eduardo

2011-01-01

The measurement of small displacements on the nanometric scale demands metrological systems of high accuracy and precision. In this context, interferometer-based displacement measurements have become the main tools used for traceable dimensional metrology. The different industrial applications in which small displacement measurements are employed requires the use of online measurements, high speed processes, open architecture control systems, as well as good adaptability to specific process conditions. The main contribution of this work is the development of a smart sensor for large displacement measurement based on phase measurement which achieves high accuracy and resolution, designed to be used with a commercial heterodyne interferometer. The system is based on a low-cost Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) allowing the integration of several functions in a single portable device. This system is optimal for high speed applications where online measurement is needed and the reconfigurability feature allows the addition of different modules for error compensation, as might be required by a specific application. PMID:22164040

Optimize Use of Space Research and Technology for Medical Devices

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Minnifield, Nona K.

2012-01-01

systems, and cutting-edge component technologies to conduct a wide range of scientific observations and measurements. These technologies are also considered for practical applications that benefit society in remarkable ways. At NASA Goddard, the technology transfer initiative promotes matching technologies from Earth and space science needs to targeted industry sectors. This requires clear knowledge of industry needs and priorities and social demands. The process entails matching mature technologies where there are known innovation challenges and good opportunities for matching technology needs. This requires creative thinking and takes commitment of time and resources. Additionally, we also look at applications for known hot industry or societal needs. Doing so has given us occasion to host discussions with representatives from industry, academia, government organizations, and societal special interest groups about the application of NASA Goddard technologies for devices used in medical monitoring and detection tools. As a result, partnerships have been established. Innovation transpired when new products were enabled because of NASA Goddard research and technology programs.

Review of the frequency stabilization of TEA CO2 laser oscillators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Willetts, David V.

1987-01-01

Most applications of TEA CO2 lasers in heterodyne radar systems require that the transmitter has a high degree of frequency stability. This ensures good Doppler resolution and maximizes receiver sensitivity. However, the environment within the device is far from benign with fast acoustic and electrical transients being present. Consequently the phenomena which govern the frequency stability of pulsed lasers are quite different from those operative in their CW counterparts. This review concentrates on the mechanisms of chirping within the output pulse; pulse to pulse frequency drift may be eliminated by frequency measurement and correction on successive pulses. It emerges that good stability hinges on correct cavity design. The energy-dependent laser-induced frequency sweep falls dramatically as mode diameter is increased. Thus, it is necessary to construct resonators with good selectivity for single mode operation while having a large spot size.

Use of digital technologies for nasal prosthesis manufacturing.

PubMed

Palousek, David; Rosicky, Jiri; Koutny, Daniel

2014-04-01

Digital technology is becoming more accessible for common use in medical applications; however, their expansion in prosthetic and orthotic laboratories is not large because of the persistent image of difficult applicability to real patients. This article aims to offer real example in the area of human facial prostheses. This article describes the utilization of optical digitization, computational modelling, rapid prototyping, mould fabrication and manufacturing of a nasal silicone prosthesis. This technical note defines the key points of the methodology and aspires to contribute to the introduction of a certified manufacturing procedure. The results show that the used technologies reduce the manufacturing time, reflect patient's requirements and allow the manufacture of high-quality prostheses for missing facial asymmetric parts. The methodology provides a good position for further development issues and is usable for clinical practice. Clinical relevance Utilization of digital technologies in facial prosthesis manufacturing process can be a good contribution for higher patient comfort and higher production efficiency but with higher initial investment and demands for experience with software tools.

Dual use technology -- it's good for everyone

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Schario, K.

1998-07-01

Dual use technology is defined as technology that has both military and commercial applications. The main benefit to dual use technology is that it encourages research and development (R and D) partnerships between the government and industry that lead to the development of common products for military and commercial purposes instead of application-unique products, as in the past. Commonality, in turn, leads to better, more affordable products for all. These partnerships are cost-shared so that neither party has to bear the entire cost of development. Why is this good? Neither the military nor commercial world can afford to fully fundmore » all R and D efforts required to maintain their technological edge in the international market. How do you determine which R and D programs have enough commercial potential to motivate industry to invest in the development? This paper explores the issues involved in establishing a dual use program, and how to take advantage of the flexibility of these programs.« less

A Wearable Textile 2D Touchpad Sensor Based on Screen-Printing Technology.

PubMed

Ferri, Josue; Lidón-Roger, Jose Vicente; Moreno, Jorge; Martinez, Gabriel; Garcia-Breijo, Eduardo

2017-12-20

Among many of the designs used in the detection of 2D gestures for portable technology, the touchpad is one of the most complex and with more functions to implement. Its development has undergone a great push due to its use in displays, but it is not widely used with other technologies. Its application on textiles could allow a wide range of applications in the field of medicine, sports, etc. Obtaining a flexible, robust touchpad with good response and low cost is one of the objectives of this work. A textile touchpad based on a diamond pattern design using screen printing technology has been developed. This technology is widely used in the textile industry and therefore does not require heavy investments. The developed prototypes were analyzed using a particular controller for projected capacitive technologies (pro-cap), which is the most used in gesture detection. Two different designs were used to obtain the best configuration, obtaining a good result in both cases.

A Wearable Textile 2D Touchpad Sensor Based on Screen-Printing Technology

PubMed Central

Ferri, Josue; Moreno, Jorge; Martinez, Gabriel

2017-01-01

Among many of the designs used in the detection of 2D gestures for portable technology, the touchpad is one of the most complex and with more functions to implement. Its development has undergone a great push due to its use in displays, but it is not widely used with other technologies. Its application on textiles could allow a wide range of applications in the field of medicine, sports, etc. Obtaining a flexible, robust touchpad with good response and low cost is one of the objectives of this work. A textile touchpad based on a diamond pattern design using screen printing technology has been developed. This technology is widely used in the textile industry and therefore does not require heavy investments. The developed prototypes were analyzed using a particular controller for projected capacitive technologies (pro-cap), which is the most used in gesture detection. Two different designs were used to obtain the best configuration, obtaining a good result in both cases. PMID:29261167

Two-component density functional theory calculations of positron lifetimes for small vacancy clusters in silicon

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Makhov, D. V.; Lewis, Laurent J.

2005-05-01

The positron lifetimes for various vacancy clusters in silicon are calculated within the framework of the two-component electron-positron density functional theory. The effect of the trapped positron on the electron density and on the relaxation of the structure is investigated. Our calculations show that, contrary to the usual assumption, the positron-induced forces do not compensate in general for electronic inward forces. Thus, geometry optimization is required in order to determine positron lifetime accurately. For the monovacancy and the divacancy, the results of our calculations are in good agreement with the experimental positron lifetimes, suggesting that this approach gives good estimates of positron lifetimes for larger vacancy clusters, required for their correct identification with positron annihilation spectroscopy. As an application, our calculations show that fourfold trivacancies and symmetric fourfold tetravacancies have positron lifetimes similar to monovacancies and divacancies, respectively, and can thus be confused in the interpretation of positron annihilation experiments.

Ultrafast detection in particle physics and positron emission tomography using SiPMs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dolenec, R.; Korpar, S.; Križan, P.; Pestotnik, R.

2017-12-01

Silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) photodetectors perform well in many particle and medical physics applications, especially where good efficiency, insensitivity to magnetic field and precise timing are required. In Cherenkov time-of-flight positron emission tomography the requirements for photodetector performance are especially high. On average only a couple of photons are available for detection and the best possible timing resolution is needed. Using SiPMs as photodetectors enables good detection efficiency, but the large sensitive area devices needed have somewhat limited time resolution for single photons. We have observed an additional degradation of the timing at very low light intensities due to delayed events in distribution of signals resulting from multiple fired micro cells. In this work we present the timing properties of AdvanSiD ASD-NUV3S-P-40 SiPM at single photon level picosecond laser illumination and a simple modification of the time-walk correction algorithm, that resulted in reduced degradation of timing resolution due to the delayed events.

9 CFR 149.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... generates a written record documenting a pork production site's adherence to the required good production... production site for compliance with good production practices and other program requirements of the Trichinae... or higher, based on adherence to good production practices and other program requirements as provided...

9 CFR 149.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... generates a written record documenting a pork production site's adherence to the required good production... production site for compliance with good production practices and other program requirements of the Trichinae... or higher, based on adherence to good production practices and other program requirements as provided...

Research requirements to reduce maintenance costs of civil helicopters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Million, D. J.; Waters, K. T.

1978-01-01

The maintenance problems faced by the operators of civil helicopters that result in high costs are documented. Existing technology that can be applied to reduce maintenance costs and research that should be carried out were identified. Good design practice and application of existing technology were described as having a significant impact on reducing maintenance costs immediately. The research and development that have potential for long range reduction of maintenance costs are presented.

Highly Adsorptive, MOF-Functionalized Nonwoven Fiber Mats for Hazardous Gas Capture Enabled by Atomic Layer Deposition

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-20

ligands, [ 3 ] exhibit high surface area, good thermal stability, and have signifi cant synthetic versatility, ena- bling structures with tunable pore...sizes and adjustable internal functionality. [ 4 ] MOF synthesis usually follows wet solvo- thermal batch methods, producing pow- ders that require...surface areas—limiting applicability. For example, Kuesgens et al. grew HKUST-1 crystals on pulp fibers using direct solvo- thermal synthesis and found

Adaptive Voting Algorithms for the Reliable Dissemination of Data in Fault-Prone Distributed Environments

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

on Op. Sys. Principles, ACM SIGOPS, Brighton , UK , October. Pollack, S. and McQuay, W.K. (2005) ‘Joint battlespace infosphere applications using...the voting protocols for good performance while meeting the reliability requirements of data delivery in a high assurance setting. Two metric quantify...the effectiveness of voting protocols: Data Transfer Efficiency (DTE) and Time-to-Complete (TTC) data delivery . DTE captures the network bandwidth

40 CFR 86.1851-01 - Application of good engineering judgment to manufacturers' decisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 19 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Application of good engineering... of good engineering judgment to manufacturers' decisions. (a) The manufacturer shall exercise good engineering judgment in making all decisions called for under this subpart, including but not limited to...

Code Parallelization with CAPO: A User Manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jin, Hao-Qiang; Frumkin, Michael; Yan, Jerry; Biegel, Bryan (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

A software tool has been developed to assist the parallelization of scientific codes. This tool, CAPO, extends an existing parallelization toolkit, CAPTools developed at the University of Greenwich, to generate OpenMP parallel codes for shared memory architectures. This is an interactive toolkit to transform a serial Fortran application code to an equivalent parallel version of the software - in a small fraction of the time normally required for a manual parallelization. We first discuss the way in which loop types are categorized and how efficient OpenMP directives can be defined and inserted into the existing code using the in-depth interprocedural analysis. The use of the toolkit on a number of application codes ranging from benchmark to real-world application codes is presented. This will demonstrate the great potential of using the toolkit to quickly parallelize serial programs as well as the good performance achievable on a large number of toolkit to quickly parallelize serial programs as well as the good performance achievable on a large number of processors. The second part of the document gives references to the parameters and the graphic user interface implemented in the toolkit. Finally a set of tutorials is included for hands-on experiences with this toolkit.

Hydrogen storage with trilithium aluminum hexahydride

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nathaniel, T.A.

1998-05-14

Fuel cells have good potential to replace batteries for many applications requiring moderate, portable electric power. Applications being researched can range from cellular telephones and radios to power generators for large camps. The primary advantages of fuel cells include high power density, low temperature operation, silent operation, no poisonous exhausts, high electric efficiency, and fast start-up capability. While many commercial industries are just beginning to look at the opportunities fuel cells present, the space program has driven the development of fuel cell technology. The paper discusses the status of the fuel cell and in particular, the technology for hydrogen storagemore » for fuel cell use.« less

Comparative analysis on the probability of being a good payer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mihova, V.; Pavlov, V.

2017-10-01

Credit risk assessment is crucial for the bank industry. The current practice uses various approaches for the calculation of credit risk. The core of these approaches is the use of multiple regression models, applied in order to assess the risk associated with the approval of people applying for certain products (loans, credit cards, etc.). Based on data from the past, these models try to predict what will happen in the future. Different data requires different type of models. This work studies the causal link between the conduct of an applicant upon payment of the loan and the data that he completed at the time of application. A database of 100 borrowers from a commercial bank is used for the purposes of the study. The available data includes information from the time of application and credit history while paying off the loan. Customers are divided into two groups, based on the credit history: Good and Bad payers. Linear and logistic regression are applied in parallel to the data in order to estimate the probability of being good for new borrowers. A variable, which contains value of 1 for Good borrowers and value of 0 for Bad candidates, is modeled as a dependent variable. To decide which of the variables listed in the database should be used in the modelling process (as independent variables), a correlation analysis is made. Due to the results of it, several combinations of independent variables are tested as initial models - both with linear and logistic regression. The best linear and logistic models are obtained after initial transformation of the data and following a set of standard and robust statistical criteria. A comparative analysis between the two final models is made and scorecards are obtained from both models to assess new customers at the time of application. A cut-off level of points, bellow which to reject the applications and above it - to accept them, has been suggested for both the models, applying the strategy to keep the same Accept Rate as in the current data.

A Healthy Lifestyle Intervention Application.

PubMed

Tufte, Trond; Babic, Ankica

2017-01-01

In this project, a mHealth tool for smart-phones has been developed using Design Science methodology, where the goal has been to promote an active lifestyle. This was undertaken by implementing social and physical activity stimulating features within the application MoveFit. Users can opt to utilize just a feature or two or engage in social activities of different intensity. Regular and expert users have evaluated the application in order to meet usability requirements. In addition a field expert and a focus group have contributed towards the application's potential to increase physical activity. There was enough data collected by the app to document its good effect; it was possible to demonstrate that the app was capable of promoting physical activity. User testing has also shown the appreciation of the various features such as social networking, activity monitoring, and route/activity creation.

Application of an efficient hybrid scheme for aeroelastic analysis of advanced propellers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Srivastava, R.; Sankar, N. L.; Reddy, T. S. R.; Huff, D. L.

1989-01-01

An efficient 3-D hybrid scheme is applied for solving Euler equations to analyze advanced propellers. The scheme treats the spanwise direction semi-explicitly and the other two directions implicitly, without affecting the accuracy, as compared to a fully implicit scheme. This leads to a reduction in computer time and memory requirement. The calculated power coefficients for two advanced propellers, SR3 and SR7L, and various advanced ratios showed good correlation with experiment. Spanwise distribution of elemental power coefficient and steady pressure coefficient differences also showed good agreement with experiment. A study of the effect of structural flexibility on the performance of the advanced propellers showed that structural deformation due to centrifugal and aero loading should be included for better correlation.

Preparation of Three-Dimensional Graphene Foams Using Powder Metallurgy Templates.

PubMed

Sha, Junwei; Gao, Caitian; Lee, Seoung-Ki; Li, Yilun; Zhao, Naiqin; Tour, James M

2016-01-26

A simple and scalable method which combines traditional powder metallurgy and chemical vapor deposition is developed for the synthesis of mesoporous free-standing 3D graphene foams. The powder metallurgy templates for 3D graphene foams (PMT-GFs) consist of particle-like carbon shells which are connected by multilayered graphene that shows high specific surface area (1080 m(2) g(-1)), good crystallization, good electrical conductivity (13.8 S cm(-1)), and a mechanically robust structure. The PMT-GFs did not break under direct flushing with DI water, and they were able to recover after being compressed. These properties indicate promising applications of PMT-GFs for fields requiring 3D carbon frameworks such as in energy-based electrodes and mechanical dampening.

Airframe-integrated propulsion system for hypersonic cruise vehicles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jones, R. A.; Huber, P. W.

1978-01-01

The paper describes a new hydrogen-burning airframe-integrated scramjet concept which offers good potential for efficient hypersonic cruise vehicles. The characteristics of the engine which assure good performance are extensive engine-airframe integration, fixed geometry, low cooling, and control of heat release in the supersonic combustor by mixed modes of fuel injection from the combustor entrance. The present paper describes the concept and presents results from inlet tests, direct-connect combustor tests, and tests of two subscale boiler-plate research engines currently underway under conditions which simulate flight at Mach 4 and 7. It is concluded that this engine concept has the potential for high thrust and efficiency, low drag and weight, low cooling requirement, and application to a wide range of vehicle sizes.

Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Some Thiosemicarbazones and Their Applications as Intermediates for 5-Arylazothiazole Disperse Dyes.

PubMed

Gaffer, Hatem E; Khalifa, Mohamed E

2015-12-09

The solid-solid reactions of thiosemicarbazide with 4-formylantipyrine, 2-acetylpyrrole and camphor were performed to afford the thiosemicarbazones 1-3 which underwent hetero-cyclization with phenacyl bromide to furnish the corresponding thiazole derivatives 4-6. The yields of the reactions are quantitative in all cases and the products do not require further purification. A series of 5-arylazo-2-(substituted ylidene-hydrazinyl)-thiazole dyes 7-9 was then prepared by diazo coupling of thiazole derivatives 4-6 with several diazonium chlorides. The synthesized dyes were applied as disperse dyes for dyeing polyester fabric. The dyed fabrics exhibit good washing, perspiration, sublimation and light fastness properties, with little variation in their moderate to good rubbing fastness.

NASA's Information Power Grid: Large Scale Distributed Computing and Data Management

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johnston, William E.; Vaziri, Arsi; Hinke, Tom; Tanner, Leigh Ann; Feiereisen, William J.; Thigpen, William; Tang, Harry (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

Large-scale science and engineering are done through the interaction of people, heterogeneous computing resources, information systems, and instruments, all of which are geographically and organizationally dispersed. The overall motivation for Grids is to facilitate the routine interactions of these resources in order to support large-scale science and engineering. Multi-disciplinary simulations provide a good example of a class of applications that are very likely to require aggregation of widely distributed computing, data, and intellectual resources. Such simulations - e.g. whole system aircraft simulation and whole system living cell simulation - require integrating applications and data that are developed by different teams of researchers frequently in different locations. The research team's are the only ones that have the expertise to maintain and improve the simulation code and/or the body of experimental data that drives the simulations. This results in an inherently distributed computing and data management environment.

Using Magnetic Field Gradients to Simulate Variable Gravity in Fluids and Materials Experiments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ramachandran, Narayanan

2006-01-01

Fluid flow due to a gravitational field is caused by sedimentation, thermal buoyancy, or solutal buoyancy induced convection. During crystal growth, for example, these flows are undesirable and can lead to crystal imperfections. While crystallization in microgravity can approach diffusion limited growth conditions (no convection), terrestrially strong magnetic fields can be used to control fluid flow and sedimentation effects. In this work, a theory is presented on the stability of solutal convection of a magnetized fluid(weak1y paramagnetic) in the presence of a magnetic field. The requirements for stability are developed and compared to experiments performed within the bore of a superconducting magnet. The theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the experiments. Extension of the technique can also be applied to study artificial gravity requirements for long duration exploration missions. Discussion of this application with preliminary experiments and application of the technique to crystal growth will be provided.

HAN-Based Monopropellant Propulsion System with Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jankovsky, Robert S.; Oleson, Steven R.

1997-01-01

NASA is developing a new monopropellant propulsion system for small, cost-driven spacecraft with AV requirements in the range of 10-150 m/sec. This system is based on a hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN)/water/fuel monopropellant blend which is extremely dense, environmentally benign, and promises good performance and simplicity. State-of-art (SOA) small spacecraft typically employ either hydrazine or high pressure stored gas. Herein, a 'typical' small satellite bus is used to illustrate how a HAN-based monopropellant propulsion system fulfills small satellite propulsion requirements by providing mass and/or volume savings of SOA hydrazine monopropellants with the cost benefits of a stored nitrogen gas.

Use of autologous grafts in the treatment of acquired penile curvature: An experience of 33 cases.

PubMed

Khawaja, Abdul Rouf; Dar, Tanveer Iqbal; Zahur, Suhael; Tariq, Sheikh; Hamid, Arf; Wani, M S; Wazir, B S; Iqbal, Arsheed

2016-01-01

The objective was to compare the use of autologous dermal and temporalis fascia grafts in the treatment of acquired penile curvatures. It was a prospective observational study of 33 cases, conducted in Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar from March 2007 to September 2013. All the patients had stable Peyronies disease (PD). Dorsal, dorsolateral and vental curvatures with good preoperative erections were included. PD index with visual analog scales for curvature was used preoperatively. An informed written consent was taken from all the patients with main emphasis on erectile dysfunction. After an average follow up of 2 years, complete straightening of penis was observed in all patients with satisfactory sexual intercourse in 30 patients (90%). Three patients (10%) required frequent use of type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitors for adequate erections. Overall 91% of patients and partners were satisfied with the procedure and cosmetically donor site was better in temporalis fascia graft site. No rejection of any graft was noted and glans hypoesthesia was noticed in 4 patients (12%). None of the patients required penile prosthesis. Total operative time for harvesting and application of the graft was more in dermal grafts (>3 hrs) than for temporalis fascia graft (2 hrs). Tunical lengthening procedures by autologous free grafts represents a safe and reproducible technique. A good preoperative erectile function is required for tunical lengthening procedure. Temporalis fascia graft is thin, tough membrane and effective graft for PD with good cosmetic and functional results.

Quality management in European screening laboratories in blood establishments: A view of current approaches and trends.

PubMed

Pereira, Paulo; Westgard, James O; Encarnação, Pedro; Seghatchian, Jerard; de Sousa, Gracinda

2015-04-01

The screening laboratory has a critical role in the post-transfusion safety. The success of its targets and efficiency depends on the management system used. Even though the European Union directive 2002/98/EC requires a quality management system in blood establishments, its requirements for screening laboratories are generic. Complementary approaches are needed to implement a quality management system focused on screening laboratories. This article briefly discusses the current good manufacturing practices and good laboratory practices, as well as the trends in quality management system standards. ISO 9001 is widely accepted in some European Union blood establishments as the quality management standard, however this is not synonymous of its successful application. The ISO "risk-based thinking" is interrelated with the quality risk-management process of the EuBIS "Standards and criteria for the inspection of blood establishments". ISO 15189 should be the next step on the quality assurance of a screening laboratory, since it is focused on medical laboratory. To standardize the quality management systems in blood establishments' screening laboratories, new national and European claims focused on technical requirements following ISO 15189 is needed. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

GPU: the biggest key processor for AI and parallel processing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baji, Toru

2017-07-01

Two types of processors exist in the market. One is the conventional CPU and the other is Graphic Processor Unit (GPU). Typical CPU is composed of 1 to 8 cores while GPU has thousands of cores. CPU is good for sequential processing, while GPU is good to accelerate software with heavy parallel executions. GPU was initially dedicated for 3D graphics. However from 2006, when GPU started to apply general-purpose cores, it was noticed that this architecture can be used as a general purpose massive-parallel processor. NVIDIA developed a software framework Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) that make it possible to easily program the GPU for these application. With CUDA, GPU started to be used in workstations and supercomputers widely. Recently two key technologies are highlighted in the industry. The Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Autonomous Driving Cars. AI requires a massive parallel operation to train many-layers of neural networks. With CPU alone, it was impossible to finish the training in a practical time. The latest multi-GPU system with P100 makes it possible to finish the training in a few hours. For the autonomous driving cars, TOPS class of performance is required to implement perception, localization, path planning processing and again SoC with integrated GPU will play a key role there. In this paper, the evolution of the GPU which is one of the biggest commercial devices requiring state-of-the-art fabrication technology will be introduced. Also overview of the GPU demanding key application like the ones described above will be introduced.

A Mechanism for Fair Distribution of Resources without Payments.

PubMed

Christoforou, Evgenia; Anta, Antonio Fernández; Santos, Agustín

2016-01-01

We design a mechanism for Fair and Efficient Distribution of Resources (FEDoR) in the presence of strategic agents. We consider a multiple-instances, Bayesian setting, where in each round the preference of an agent over the set of resources is a private information. We assume that in each of r rounds n agents are competing for k non-identical indivisible goods, (n > k). In each round the strategic agents declare how much they value receiving any of the goods in the specific round. The agent declaring the highest valuation receives the good with the highest value, the agent with the second highest valuation receives the second highest valued good, etc. Hence we assume a decision function that assigns goods to agents based on their valuations. The novelty of the mechanism is that no payment scheme is required to achieve truthfulness in a setting with rational/strategic agents. The FEDoR mechanism takes advantage of the repeated nature of the framework, and through a statistical test is able to punish the misreporting agents and be fair, truthful, and socially efficient. FEDoR is fair in the sense that, in expectation over the course of the rounds, all agents will receive the same good the same amount of times. FEDoR is an eligible candidate for applications that require fair distribution of resources over time. For example, equal share of bandwidth for nodes through the same point of access. But further on, FEDoR can be applied in less trivial settings like sponsored search, where payment is necessary and can be given in the form of a flat participation fee. FEDoR can be a good candidate in a setting like that to solve the problem of starvation of publicity slots for some advertisers that have a difficult time determining their true valuations. To this extent we perform a comparison with traditional mechanisms applied to sponsored search, presenting the advantage of FEDoR.

A Mechanism for Fair Distribution of Resources without Payments

PubMed Central

Christoforou, Evgenia; Anta, Antonio Fernández; Santos, Agustín

2016-01-01

We design a mechanism for Fair and Efficient Distribution of Resources (FEDoR) in the presence of strategic agents. We consider a multiple-instances, Bayesian setting, where in each round the preference of an agent over the set of resources is a private information. We assume that in each of r rounds n agents are competing for k non-identical indivisible goods, (n > k). In each round the strategic agents declare how much they value receiving any of the goods in the specific round. The agent declaring the highest valuation receives the good with the highest value, the agent with the second highest valuation receives the second highest valued good, etc. Hence we assume a decision function that assigns goods to agents based on their valuations. The novelty of the mechanism is that no payment scheme is required to achieve truthfulness in a setting with rational/strategic agents. The FEDoR mechanism takes advantage of the repeated nature of the framework, and through a statistical test is able to punish the misreporting agents and be fair, truthful, and socially efficient. FEDoR is fair in the sense that, in expectation over the course of the rounds, all agents will receive the same good the same amount of times. FEDoR is an eligible candidate for applications that require fair distribution of resources over time. For example, equal share of bandwidth for nodes through the same point of access. But further on, FEDoR can be applied in less trivial settings like sponsored search, where payment is necessary and can be given in the form of a flat participation fee. FEDoR can be a good candidate in a setting like that to solve the problem of starvation of publicity slots for some advertisers that have a difficult time determining their true valuations. To this extent we perform a comparison with traditional mechanisms applied to sponsored search, presenting the advantage of FEDoR. PMID:27227992

Competitive Bidding in a Certain Class of Auctions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Johansson, Mathias

2006-11-01

We consider the problem of determining the amount to bid in a certain type of auctions in which customers submit one sealed bid. The bid reflects the price a customer is willing to pay for one unit of the offered goods. The auction is repeated and at each auction each customer requests a certain amount of goods, an amount that we call the capacity of the customer and that varies among customers and over time. At each auction, only the customer with the largest bid-capacity product obtains any goods. The price paid by the winner equals his/her bid-capacity product, and the amount of goods obtained in return equals the winner's capacity. The auction is repeated many times, with only limited information concerning winning bid-capacity products being announced to the customers. This situation is motivated in for example wireless communication networks in which a possible way of obtaining a desired service level is to use dynamic pricing and competitive bidding. In this application, the capacity is typically uncertain when the bid is made. We derive bidding rules and loss functions for a few typical service requirements.

Transferring brain-computer interfaces beyond the laboratory: successful application control for motor-disabled users.

PubMed

Leeb, Robert; Perdikis, Serafeim; Tonin, Luca; Biasiucci, Andrea; Tavella, Michele; Creatura, Marco; Molina, Alberto; Al-Khodairy, Abdul; Carlson, Tom; Millán, José D R

2013-10-01

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are no longer only used by healthy participants under controlled conditions in laboratory environments, but also by patients and end-users, controlling applications in their homes or clinics, without the BCI experts around. But are the technology and the field mature enough for this? Especially the successful operation of applications - like text entry systems or assistive mobility devices such as tele-presence robots - requires a good level of BCI control. How much training is needed to achieve such a level? Is it possible to train naïve end-users in 10 days to successfully control such applications? In this work, we report our experiences of training 24 motor-disabled participants at rehabilitation clinics or at the end-users' homes, without BCI experts present. We also share the lessons that we have learned through transferring BCI technologies from the lab to the user's home or clinics. The most important outcome is that 50% of the participants achieved good BCI performance and could successfully control the applications (tele-presence robot and text-entry system). In the case of the tele-presence robot the participants achieved an average performance ratio of 0.87 (max. 0.97) and for the text entry application a mean of 0.93 (max. 1.0). The lessons learned and the gathered user feedback range from pure BCI problems (technical and handling), to common communication issues among the different people involved, and issues encountered while controlling the applications. The points raised in this paper are very widely applicable and we anticipate that they might be faced similarly by other groups, if they move on to bringing the BCI technology to the end-user, to home environments and towards application prototype control. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Surveying wearable human assistive technology for life and safety critical applications: standards, challenges and opportunities.

PubMed

Alam, Muhammad Mahtab; Ben Hamida, Elyes

2014-05-23

In this survey a new application paradigm life and safety for critical operations and missions using wearable Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) technology is introduced. This paradigm has a vast scope of applications, including disaster management, worker safety in harsh environments such as roadside and building workers, mobile health monitoring, ambient assisted living and many more. It is often the case that during the critical operations and the target conditions, the existing infrastructure is either absent, damaged or overcrowded. In this context, it is envisioned that WBANs will enable the quick deployment of ad-hoc/on-the-fly communication networks to help save many lives and ensuring people's safety. However, to understand the applications more deeply and their specific characteristics and requirements, this survey presents a comprehensive study on the applications scenarios, their context and specific requirements. It explores details of the key enabling standards, existing state-of-the-art research studies, and projects to understand their limitations before realizing aforementioned applications. Application-specific challenges and issues are discussed comprehensively from various perspectives and future research and development directions are highlighted as an inspiration for new innovative solutions. To conclude, this survey opens up a good opportunity for companies and research centers to investigate old but still new problems, in the realm of wearable technologies, which are increasingly evolving and getting more and more attention recently.

Surveying Wearable Human Assistive Technology for Life and Safety Critical Applications: Standards, Challenges and Opportunities

PubMed Central

Alam, Muhammad Mahtab; Ben Hamida, Elyes

2014-01-01

In this survey a new application paradigm life and safety for critical operations and missions using wearable Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) technology is introduced. This paradigm has a vast scope of applications, including disaster management, worker safety in harsh environments such as roadside and building workers, mobile health monitoring, ambient assisted living and many more. It is often the case that during the critical operations and the target conditions, the existing infrastructure is either absent, damaged or overcrowded. In this context, it is envisioned that WBANs will enable the quick deployment of ad-hoc/on-the-fly communication networks to help save many lives and ensuring people's safety. However, to understand the applications more deeply and their specific characteristics and requirements, this survey presents a comprehensive study on the applications scenarios, their context and specific requirements. It explores details of the key enabling standards, existing state-of-the-art research studies, and projects to understand their limitations before realizing aforementioned applications. Application-specific challenges and issues are discussed comprehensively from various perspectives and future research and development directions are highlighted as an inspiration for new innovative solutions. To conclude, this survey opens up a good opportunity for companies and research centers to investigate old but still new problems, in the realm of wearable technologies, which are increasingly evolving and getting more and more attention recently. PMID:24859024

Emerging applications of high temperature superconductors for space communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Heinen, Vernon O.; Bhasin, Kul B.; Long, Kenwyn J.

1990-01-01

Proposed space missions require longevity of communications system components, high input power levels, and high speed digital logic devices. The complexity of these missions calls for a high data bandwidth capacity. Incorporation of high temperature superconducting (HTS) thin films into some of these communications system components may provide a means of meeting these requirements. Space applications of superconducting technology has previously been limited by the requirement of cooling to near liquid helium temperatures. Development of HTS materials with transition temperatures above 77 K along with the natural cooling ability of space suggest that space applications may lead the way in the applications of high temperature superconductivity. In order for HTS materials to be incorporated into microwave and millimeter wave devices, the material properties such as electrical conductivity, current density, surface resistivity and others as a function of temperature and frequency must be well characterized and understood. The millimeter wave conductivity and surface resistivity were well characterized, and at 77 K are better than copper. Basic microwave circuits such as ring resonators were used to determine transmission line losses. Higher Q values than those of gold resonator circuits were observed below the transition temperature. Several key HTS circuits including filters, oscillators, phase shifters and phased array antenna feeds are feasible in the near future. For technology to improve further, good quality, large area films must be reproducibly grown on low dielectric constant, low loss microwave substrates.

Development in Wear Debris Morphological Analysis at RAF Early Failure Detection Centres

DTIC Science & Technology

1996-04-01

variable, although there have been attempts made to specify good practise which utilise either a wear particle atlas , (8) or attempt to lay down a set...personnel arrive at a correct diagnosis of the problem. Application to EFDC Operations: Wear Particle Atlas : The purpose of developing a series of...advantage of using this method is that the atlas can be specifically dedicated to the requirements of a particular engine type or EFDC operation, and the

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sumant, Anirudha

The integration of 2D materials such as molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) with diamond (3D) was achieved by forming an heterojunction between these two materials and its electrical performance was studied experimentally. The device charactertics did show good rectifying nature when p-type single crystal diamond was integrated with n-type MoS2. These results are very encouraging indicating possible applications in semiconductor electronics, however further studies are required for a detailed understanding of the transport phenomena at the MoS2/diamond interface.

A Survey on Data Quality for Dependable Monitoring in Wireless Sensor Networks

PubMed Central

Oliveira, Anabela

2017-01-01

Wireless sensor networks are being increasingly used in several application areas, particularly to collect data and monitor physical processes. Non-functional requirements, like reliability, security or availability, are often important and must be accounted for in the application development. For that purpose, there is a large body of knowledge on dependability techniques for distributed systems, which provide a good basis to understand how to satisfy these non-functional requirements of WSN-based monitoring applications. Given the data-centric nature of monitoring applications, it is of particular importance to ensure that data are reliable or, more generically, that they have the necessary quality. In this survey, we look into the problem of ensuring the desired quality of data for dependable monitoring using WSNs. We take a dependability-oriented perspective, reviewing the possible impairments to dependability and the prominent existing solutions to solve or mitigate these impairments. Despite the variety of components that may form a WSN-based monitoring system, we give particular attention to understanding which faults can affect sensors, how they can affect the quality of the information and how this quality can be improved and quantified. PMID:28869505

40 CFR 33.302 - Are there any additional contract administration requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY PROGRAMS Good Faith Efforts § 33.302 Are there any additional contract... require its prime contractor to employ the six good faith efforts described in § 33.301 even if the prime... the subcontract for any reason, the recipient must require the prime contractor to employ the six good...

[Good drug distribution practice and its implementation in drug distribution companies].

PubMed

Draksiene, Gailute

2002-01-01

Good Distribution Practice is based on the Directive of the Board of the European Community 92/25/EEC regarding the wholesale distribution of drugs for human consumption. It is stated in the Directive that the whole drug distribution channel is to be controlled from the point of drug production or import down to the supplies to the end user. In order to reach the goal, the drug distribution company must create the quality assurance system and facilitate its correct functioning. This aim requires development of the rules of the Good Distribution Practice. Those rules set the general requirements of the Good Distribution Practice for distribution companies that they must conduct. The article explains main requirements postulated in the rules of the Good Distribution Practice and implementation of the Good Distribution Practice requirements in drug distribution companies.

Hybrid systems with lead-acid battery and proton-exchange membrane fuel cell

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jossen, Andreas; Garche, Juergen; Doering, Harry; Goetz, Markus; Knaupp, Werner; Joerissen, Ludwig

Hybrid systems, based on a lead-acid battery and a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) give the possibility to combine the advantages of both technologies. The benefits for different applications are discussed and the practical realisation of such systems is shown. Furthermore a numerical model for such a hybrid system is described and results are shown and discussed. The results show that the combination of lead-acid batteries and PEMFC shows advantages in case of applications with high peak power requirements (i.e. electric scooter) and applications where the fuel cell is used as auxiliary power supply to recharge the battery. The high efficiency of fuel cells at partial load operation results in a good fuel economy for recharging of lead-acid batteries with a fuel cell system.

Quality metric for spherical panoramic video

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zakharchenko, Vladyslav; Choi, Kwang Pyo; Park, Jeong Hoon

2016-09-01

Virtual reality (VR)/ augmented reality (AR) applications allow users to view artificial content of a surrounding space simulating presence effect with a help of special applications or devices. Synthetic contents production is well known process form computer graphics domain and pipeline has been already fixed in the industry. However emerging multimedia formats for immersive entertainment applications such as free-viewpoint television (FTV) or spherical panoramic video require different approaches in content management and quality assessment. The international standardization on FTV has been promoted by MPEG. This paper is dedicated to discussion of immersive media distribution format and quality estimation process. Accuracy and reliability of the proposed objective quality estimation method had been verified with spherical panoramic images demonstrating good correlation results with subjective quality estimation held by a group of experts.

Automated design and optimization of flexible booster autopilots via linear programming, volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hauser, F. D.

1972-01-01

A nonlinear programming technique was developed for the automated design and optimization of autopilots for large flexible launch vehicles. This technique, which resulted in the COEBRA program, uses the iterative application of linear programming. The method deals directly with the three main requirements of booster autopilot design: to provide (1) good response to guidance commands; (2) response to external disturbances (e.g. wind) to minimize structural bending moment loads and trajectory dispersions; and (3) stability with specified tolerances on the vehicle and flight control system parameters. The method is applicable to very high order systems (30th and greater per flight condition). Examples are provided that demonstrate the successful application of the employed algorithm to the design of autopilots for both single and multiple flight conditions.

Application of pulsed-magnetic field enhances non-viral gene delivery in primary cells from different origins

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kamau Chapman, Sarah W.; Hassa, Paul O.; Koch-Schneidemann, Sabine; von Rechenberg, Brigitte; Hofmann-Amtenbrink, Margarethe; Steitz, Benedikt; Petri-Fink, Alke; Hofmann, Heinrich; Hottiger, Michael O.

Primary cell lines are more difficult to transfect when compared to immortalized/transformed cell lines, and hence new techniques are required to enhance the transfection efficiency in these cells. We isolated and established primary cultures of synoviocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, melanocytes, macrophages, lung fibroblasts, and embryonic fibroblasts. These cells differed in several properties, and hence were a good representative sample of cells that would be targeted for expression and delivery of therapeutic genes in vivo. The efficiency of gene delivery in all these cells was enhanced using polyethylenimine-coated polyMAG magnetic nanoparticles, and the rates (17-84.2%) surpassed those previously achieved using other methods, especially in cells that are difficult to transfect. The application of permanent and pulsating magnetic fields significantly enhanced the transfection efficiencies in synoviocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, melanocytes and lung fibroblasts, within 5 min of exposure to these magnetic fields. This is an added advantage for future in vivo applications, where rapid gene delivery is required before systemic clearance or filtration of the gene vectors occurs.

High-level waste storage tank farms/242-A evaporator standards/requirements identification document (S/RID), Vol. 7

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1994-04-01

This Requirements Identification Document (RID) describes an Occupational Health and Safety Program as defined through the Relevant DOE Orders, regulations, industry codes/standards, industry guidance documents and, as appropriate, good industry practice. The definition of an Occupational Health and Safety Program as specified by this document is intended to address Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board Recommendations 90-2 and 91-1, which call for the strengthening of DOE complex activities through the identification and application of relevant standards which supplement or exceed requirements mandated by DOE Orders. This RID applies to the activities, personnel, structures, systems, components, and programs involved in maintaining themore » facility and executing the mission of the High-Level Waste Storage Tank Farms.« less

16 CFR 453.4 - Required purchase of funeral goods or funeral services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Required purchase of funeral goods or funeral services. 453.4 Section 453.4 Commercial Practices FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION TRADE REGULATION RULES FUNERAL INDUSTRY PRACTICES § 453.4 Required purchase of funeral goods or funeral services. (a) Casket for cremation provisions—(1) Unfair or...

2 CFR 176.170 - Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods (covered under...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

..., Steel, and Manufactured Goods (covered under International Agreements)-Section 1605 of the American... Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods (covered under International Agreements... repair of a public building or public work, and involve iron, steel, and/or manufactured goods covered...

2 CFR 176.170 - Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods (covered under...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., Steel, and Manufactured Goods (covered under International Agreements)-Section 1605 of the American... Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods (covered under International..., maintenance, or repair of a public building or public work, and involve iron, steel, and/or manufactured goods...

2 CFR 176.170 - Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods (covered under...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., Steel, and Manufactured Goods (covered under International Agreements)-Section 1605 of the American... Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods (covered under International Agreements... repair of a public building or public work, and involve iron, steel, and/or manufactured goods covered...

Fuel cells for low power applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heinzel, A.; Hebling, C.; Müller, M.; Zedda, M.; Müller, C.

Electronic devices show an ever-increasing power demand and thus, require innovative concepts for power supply. For a wide range of power and energy capacity, membrane fuel cells are an attractive alternative to conventional batteries. The main advantages are the flexibility with respect to power and capacity achievable with different devices for energy conversion and energy storage, the long lifetime and long service life, the good ecological balance, very low self-discharge. Therefore, the development of fuel cell systems for portable electronic devices is an attractive, although also a challenging, goal. The fuel for a membrane fuel cell might be hydrogen from a hydride storage system or methanol/water as a liquid alternative. The main differences between the two systems are the much higher power density for hydrogen fuel cells, the higher energy density per weight for the liquid fuel, safety aspects and infrastructure for fuel supply for hydride materials. For different applications, different system designs are required. High power cells are required for portable computers, low power methanol fuel cells required for mobile phones in hybrid systems with batteries and micro-fuel cells are required, e.g. for hand held PCs in the sub-Watt range. All these technologies are currently under development. Performance data and results of simulations and experimental investigations will be presented.

Further weight reduction of applications in long glass reinforced polymers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yanev, A.; Schijve, W.; Martin, C.; Brands, D.

2014-05-01

Long glass reinforced materials are broadly used in the automotive industry due to their good mechanical performance, competitive price and options for functional integration in order to reduce weight. With rapidly changing environmental requirements, a demand for further weight reduction is growing constantly. Designs in LGF-PP can bring light weight solutions in combination with system cost improvement. There are quite some possibilities for applying weight reduction technologies nowadays. These technologies have to be evaluated based on weight reduction potential, but also on mechanical performance of the end application, where the latter is often the key to success. Different weight reduction technologies are applied to SABIC®STAMAX{trade mark, serif} material, a long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene (LGF-PP), in order to investigate and define best application performance. These techniques include: chemical foaming, physical foaming and thin wall applications. Results from this research will be presented, giving a guideline for your development.

OLED study for military applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barre, F.; Chiquard, A.; Faure, S.; Landais, L.; Patry, P.

2005-07-01

The presentation deals with some applications of OLED displays in military optronic systems, which are scheduled by SAGEM DS (Defence and Security). SAGEM DS, one of the largest group in the defence and security market, is currently investigating OLED Technologies for military programs. This technology is close from being chosen for optronic equipment such as future infantry night vision goggles, rifle-sight, or, more generally, vision enhancement systems. Most of those applications requires micro-display with an active matrix size below 1". Some others, such as, for instance, ruggedized flat displays do have a need for higher active matrix size (1,5" to 15"). SAGEM DS takes advantages of this flat, high luminance and emissive technology in highly integrated systems. In any case, many requirements have to be fulfilled: ultra-low power consumption, wide viewing angle, good pixel to pixel uniformity, and satisfactory behaviour in extreme environmental conditions.... Accurate measurements have been achieved at SAGEM DS on some micro display OLEDs and will be detailed: luminance (over 2000 cd/m2 achieved), area uniformity and pixel to pixel uniformity, robustness at low and high temperature (-40°C to +60°C), lifetime. These results, which refer to military requirements, provide a valuable feedback representative of the state of the art OLED performances.

Large-scale parallel genome assembler over cloud computing environment.

PubMed

Das, Arghya Kusum; Koppa, Praveen Kumar; Goswami, Sayan; Platania, Richard; Park, Seung-Jong

2017-06-01

The size of high throughput DNA sequencing data has already reached the terabyte scale. To manage this huge volume of data, many downstream sequencing applications started using locality-based computing over different cloud infrastructures to take advantage of elastic (pay as you go) resources at a lower cost. However, the locality-based programming model (e.g. MapReduce) is relatively new. Consequently, developing scalable data-intensive bioinformatics applications using this model and understanding the hardware environment that these applications require for good performance, both require further research. In this paper, we present a de Bruijn graph oriented Parallel Giraph-based Genome Assembler (GiGA), as well as the hardware platform required for its optimal performance. GiGA uses the power of Hadoop (MapReduce) and Giraph (large-scale graph analysis) to achieve high scalability over hundreds of compute nodes by collocating the computation and data. GiGA achieves significantly higher scalability with competitive assembly quality compared to contemporary parallel assemblers (e.g. ABySS and Contrail) over traditional HPC cluster. Moreover, we show that the performance of GiGA is significantly improved by using an SSD-based private cloud infrastructure over traditional HPC cluster. We observe that the performance of GiGA on 256 cores of this SSD-based cloud infrastructure closely matches that of 512 cores of traditional HPC cluster.

20 CFR 404.780 - Evidence of “good cause” for exceeding time limits on accepting proof of support or application...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... accepting proof of support or application for a lump-sum death payment. (a) When evidence of good cause is... death payment. You may be asked for evidence of good cause for these delays if— (1) You are the insured... limits on accepting proof of support or application for a lump-sum death payment. 404.780 Section 404.780...

Optimum Design and Development of High Strength and Toughness Welding Wire for Pipeline Steel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Cuixin; Xue, Haitao; Yin, Fuxing; Peng, Huifen; Zhi, Lei; Wang, Sixu

Pipeline steel with higher strength(>800MPa) has been gradually used in recent years, so how to achieve good match of base metal and weld deposit is very important for its practical application. Based on the alloy system of 0.02-0.04%C, 2.0%Mn and 0.5%Si, four different kinds of welding wires were designed and produced. The effects of alloy elements on phase transformation and mechanical properties were analyzed. Experimental results show that the designed steels with the addition of 2-4% Ni+Cr+Mo and <0.2% Nb+V+Ti have high strength (>800MPa) and good elongation (>15%). The microstructure of deposits metal is mainly composed of granular bainite and M-A constituents with the mean size of 0.2-07μm are dispersed on ferritic matrix. The deposited metals have good match of strength (>800MPa) and impact toughness (>130J) which well meet the requirement of pipeline welding.

Evaluation of directionally solidified eutectic superalloys for turbine blade applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Henry, M. E.; Jackson, M. R.; Walter, J. L.

1978-01-01

Alloys from the following systems were selected for property evaluation: (1) gamma/gamma-Mo (Ni-base, rods of Mo); (2) gamma-beta (Ni-base, lamellae or rods of (Ni, Fe/Co Al); and (3) gamma-gamma (Ni-base rods of Ni3Al gamma). The three alloys were subjected to longitudinal and transverse tensile and rupture tests from 750 C to 1100 C, longitudinal shear strength was measured at several temperatures, resistance to thermal cycling to 1150 C was determined, cyclic oxidation resistance was evaluated at 750 C and 1100 C, and each system was directionally solidified in an alumina shell mold turbine shape to evaluate mold/metal reactivity. The gamma/gamma Mo system has good rupture resistance, transverse properties and processability, and is a high potential system for turbine blades. The gamma-beta system has good physical properties and oxidation resistance, and is a potential system for turbine vanes. The gamma-gamma system has good high temperature rupture resistance and requires further exploratory research.

Testing goodness of fit in regression: a general approach for specified alternatives.

PubMed

Solari, Aldo; le Cessie, Saskia; Goeman, Jelle J

2012-12-10

When fitting generalized linear models or the Cox proportional hazards model, it is important to have tools to test for lack of fit. Because lack of fit comes in all shapes and sizes, distinguishing among different types of lack of fit is of practical importance. We argue that an adequate diagnosis of lack of fit requires a specified alternative model. Such specification identifies the type of lack of fit the test is directed against so that if we reject the null hypothesis, we know the direction of the departure from the model. The goodness-of-fit approach of this paper allows to treat different types of lack of fit within a unified general framework and to consider many existing tests as special cases. Connections with penalized likelihood and random effects are discussed, and the application of the proposed approach is illustrated with medical examples. Tailored functions for goodness-of-fit testing have been implemented in the R package global test. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Modeling and Improving Information Flows in the Development of Large Business Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schneider, Kurt; Lübke, Daniel

Designing a good architecture for an application is a wicked problem. Therefore, experience and knowledge are considered crucial for informing work in software architecture. However, many organizations do not pay sufficient attention to experience exploitation and architectural learning. Many users of information systems are not aware of the options and the needs to report problems and requirements. They often do not have time to describe a problem encountered in sufficient detail for developers to remove it. And there may be a lengthy process for providing feedback. Hence, the knowledge about problems and potential solutions is not shared effectively. Architectural knowledge needs to include evaluative feedback as well as decisions and their reasons (rationale).

Characterization of the VEGA ASIC coupled to large area position-sensitive Silicon Drift Detectors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Campana, R.; Evangelista, Y.; Fuschino, F.; Ahangarianabhari, M.; Macera, D.; Bertuccio, G.; Grassi, M.; Labanti, C.; Marisaldi, M.; Malcovati, P.; Rachevski, A.; Zampa, G.; Zampa, N.; Andreani, L.; Baldazzi, G.; Del Monte, E.; Favre, Y.; Feroci, M.; Muleri, F.; Rashevskaya, I.; Vacchi, A.; Ficorella, F.; Giacomini, G.; Picciotto, A.; Zuffa, M.

2014-08-01

Low-noise, position-sensitive Silicon Drift Detectors (SDDs) are particularly useful for experiments in which a good energy resolution combined with a large sensitive area is required, as in the case of X-ray astronomy space missions and medical applications. This paper presents the experimental characterization of VEGA, a custom Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) used as the front-end electronics for XDXL-2, a large-area (30.5 cm2) SDD prototype. The ASICs were integrated on a specifically developed PCB hosting also the detector. Results on the ASIC noise performances, both stand-alone and bonded to the large area SDD, are presented and discussed.

Landing flying qualities evaluation criteria for augmented aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Radford, R. C.; Smith, R.; Bailey, R.

1980-01-01

The criteria evaluated were: Calspan Neal-Smith; Onstott (Northrop Time Domain); McDonnell-Douglas Equivalent System Approach; R. H. Smith Criterion. Each criterion was applied to the same set of longitudinal approach and landing flying qualities data. A revised version of the Neal-Smith criterion which is applicable to the landing task was developed and tested against other landing flying qualities data. Results indicated that both the revised Neal-Smith criterion and the Equivalent System Approach are good discriminators of pitch landing flying qualities; Neal-Smith has particular merit as a design guide, while the Equivalent System Approach is well suited for development of appropriate military specification requirements applicable to highly augmented aircraft.

Application of artificial neural networks to thermal detection of disbonds

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Prabhu, D. R.; Howell, P. A.; Syed, H. I.; Winfree, W. P.

1992-01-01

A novel technique for processing thermal data is presented and applied to simulation as well as experimental data. Using a neural network of thermal data classification, good classification accuracies are obtained, and the resulting images exhibit very good contrast between bonded and disbonded locations. In order to minimize the preprocessing required before using the network of classification, the temperature values were directly employed to train a network using data from an on-site testing run of a commercial aircraft. Training was extremely fast, and the resulting classification also agreed reasonably well with an ultrasonic characterization of the panel. The results obtained using one sample show the partially disbonded vertical doubler. The vertical lines along the doubler correspond to the original extent of the doubler obtained using blueprints of the aircraft.

Managing change: an overview.

PubMed

Lorenzi, N M; Riley, R T

2000-01-01

As increasingly powerful informatics systems are designed, developed, and implemented, they inevitably affect larger, more heterogeneous groups of people and more organizational areas. In turn, the major challenges to system success are often more behavioral than technical. Successfully introducing such systems into complex health care organizations requires an effective blend of good technical and good organizational skills. People who have low psychological ownership in a system and who vigorously resist its implementation can bring a "technically best" system to its knees. However, effective leadership can sharply reduce the behavioral resistance to change-including to new technologies-to achieve a more rapid and productive introduction of informatics technology. This paper looks at four major areas-why information system failures occur, the core theories supporting change management, the practical applications of change management, and the change management efforts in informatics.

Surgical results of leg amputation according to Ghormley's technique in the treatment of chronic lower limb ischaemia.

PubMed

Wasiak, K; Paczkowski, P M; Garlicki, J M

2006-01-01

The authors present their experience in the treatment of chronic lower limb ischaemia resulting from atherosclerosis by below knee amputation according to Ghormley's technique, with the immediate application of a semi-rigid plaster cast and early rehabilitation. From a group of 664 patients requiring major amputations, 61 patients (52 men) aged 64 +/- 11 fulfilled the criteria for unilateral below-knee amputation for critical limb ischaemia for atherosclerosis consequences. Peri-operative (30-days) mortality was of 3.28%. Stump healing was very good or good (no need for further surgery) in over 2/3 of patients, but in 20% the need for above-knee amputation developed. Postoperative knee contracture (defined as 15 degrees or more limitation to the movement range) was observed in 11.5% of patients.

The NASA/Baltimore Applications Project: An experiment in technology transfer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Golden, T. S.

1981-01-01

Conclusions drawn from the experiment thus far are presented. The problems of a large city most often do not require highly sophisticated solutions; the simpler the solution, the better. A problem focused approach is a greater help to the city than a product focused approach. Most problem situations involve several individuals or organized groups within the city. Mutual trust and good interpersonal relationships between the technologist and the administrator is as important for solving problems as technological know-how.

Development and test of advanced composite components. Center Directors discretionary fund program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Faile, G.; Hollis, R.; Ledbetter, F.; Maldonado, J.; Sledd, J.; Stuckey, J.; Waggoner, G.; Engler, E.

1985-01-01

This report describes the design, analysis, fabrication, and test of a complex bathtub fitting. Graphite fibers in an epoxy matrix were utilized in manufacturing of 11 components representing four different design and layup concepts. Design allowables were developed for use in the final stress analysis. Strain gage measurements were taken throughout the static load test and correlation of test and analysis data were performed, yielding good understanding of the material behavior and instrumentation requirements for future applications.

Optical fiber technology for space: challenges of development and qualification

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goepel, Michael

2017-11-01

Using fiber optical components and assemblies for space flight applications brings several challenges for the design and the qualification process. Good knowledge of the system and environmental requirements is needed to derive design decisions and select suitable components for the fiber optical subsystem. Furthermore, the manufacturing process and integration limitations are providing additional constraints, which have to be considered at the beginning of the design phase. Besides Commercial off the shelf (COTS) components, custom made parts are often necessary.

Design and Analysis of a Compact Precision Positioning Platform Integrating Strain Gauges and the Piezoactuator

PubMed Central

Huang, Hu; Zhao, Hongwei; Yang, Zhaojun; Fan, Zunqiang; Wan, Shunguang; Shi, Chengli; Ma, Zhichao

2012-01-01

Miniaturization precision positioning platforms are needed for in situ nanomechanical test applications. This paper proposes a compact precision positioning platform integrating strain gauges and the piezoactuator. Effects of geometric parameters of two parallel plates on Von Mises stress distribution as well as static and dynamic characteristics of the platform were studied by the finite element method. Results of the calibration experiment indicate that the strain gauge sensor has good linearity and its sensitivity is about 0.0468 mV/μm. A closed-loop control system was established to solve the problem of nonlinearity of the platform. Experimental results demonstrate that for the displacement control process, both the displacement increasing portion and the decreasing portion have good linearity, verifying that the control system is available. The developed platform has a compact structure but can realize displacement measurement with the embedded strain gauges, which is useful for the closed-loop control and structure miniaturization of piezo devices. It has potential applications in nanoindentation and nanoscratch tests, especially in the field of in situ nanomechanical testing which requires compact structures. PMID:23012566

Catalyst-Free Growth of Three-Dimensional Graphene Flakes and Graphene/g-C₃N₄ Composite for Hydrocarbon Oxidation.

PubMed

Chen, Ke; Chai, Zhigang; Li, Cong; Shi, Liurong; Liu, Mengxi; Xie, Qin; Zhang, Yanfeng; Xu, Dongsheng; Manivannan, Ayyakkannu; Liu, Zhongfan

2016-03-22

Mass production of high-quality graphene flakes is important for commercial applications. Graphene microsheets have been produced on an industrial scale by chemical and liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite. However, strong-interaction-induced interlayer aggregation usually leads to the degradation of their intrinsic properties. Moreover, the crystallinity or layer-thickness controllability is not so perfect to fulfill the requirement for advanced technologies. Herein, we report a quartz-powder-derived chemical vapor deposition growth of three-dimensional (3D) high-quality graphene flakes and demonstrate the fabrication and application of graphene/g-C3N4 composites. The graphene flakes obtained after the removal of growth substrates exhibit the 3D curved microstructure, controllable layer thickness, good crystallinity, as well as weak interlayer interactions suitable for preventing the interlayer stacking. Benefiting from this, we achieved the direct synthesis of g-C3N4 on purified graphene flakes to form the uniform graphene/g-C3N4 composite, which provides efficient electron transfer interfaces to boost its catalytic oxidation activity of cycloalkane with relatively high yield, good selectivity, and reliable stability.

Merits of flywheels for spacecraft energy storage

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gross, S.

1984-01-01

Flywheel energy storage systems which have a very good potential for use in spacecraft are discussed. This system can be superior to alkaline secondary batteries and regenerable fuel cells in most of the areas that are important in spacecraft applications. Of special importance, relative to batteries, are lighter weight, longer cycle and operating life, and high efficiency which minimizes solar array size and the amount of orbital makeup fuel required. Flywheel systems have a long shelf life, give a precise state of charge indication, have modest thermal control needs, are capable of multiple discharges per orbit, have simple ground handling needs, and have characteristics which would be useful for military applications. The major disadvantages of flywheel energy storage systems are that: power is not available during the launch phase without special provisions; and in flight failure of units may force shutdown of good counter rotating units, amplifying the effects of failure and limiting power distribution system options; no inherent emergency power capability unless specifically designed for, and a high level of complexity compared with batteries. The potential advantages of the flywheel energy storage system far outweigh the disadvantages.

16 CFR 301.48a - Guaranties not received in good faith.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Guaranties not received in good faith. 301... received in good faith. A guaranty shall not be deemed to have been received in good faith within the... required label, required invoice and advertisement relating to the fur product or fur so guaranteed; (b) If...

45 CFR 260.55 - What are the additional requirements for Federal recognition of good cause domestic violence...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... recognition of good cause domestic violence waivers? 260.55 Section 260.55 Public Welfare Regulations Relating...) PROVISIONS What Special Provisions Apply to Victims of Domestic Violence? § 260.55 What are the additional requirements for Federal recognition of good cause domestic violence waivers? To be federally recognized, good...

Apollo experience report: Protection of life and health

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wooley, B. C.

1972-01-01

The development, implementation, and effectiveness of the Apollo Lunar Quarantine Program and the Flight Crew Health Stabilization Program are discussed as part of the broad program required for the protection of the life and health of U.S. astronauts. Because the goal of the Apollo Program has been the safe transport of men to the moon and back to earth, protection of the astronauts and of the biosphere from potentially harmful lunar contaminants has been required. Also, to ensure mission success, the continuing good health of the astronauts before and during a mission has been necessary. Potential applications of specific aspects of the health and quarantine programs to possible manned missions to other planets are discussed.

Aerodynamics of the Viggen 37 aircraft. Part 1: General characteristics at low speed

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Karling, K.

1986-01-01

A description of the aerodynamics of the Viggen 37 and its performances, especially at low speeds is presented. The aerodynamic requirements for the design of the Viggen 37 aircraft are given, including the basic design, performance requirement, and aerodynamic characteristics, static and dynamic load test results and flight test results. The Viggen 37 aircraft is designed to be used for air attack, surveillance, pursuit, and training applications. It is shown that this aircraft is suitable for short runways, and has good maneuvering, acceleration, and climbing characteristics. The design objectives for this aircraft were met by utilizing the effect produced by the interference between two triangular wings, positioned in tandem.

21 CFR 210.2 - Applicability of current good manufacturing practice regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Applicability of current good manufacturing practice regulations. 210.2 Section 210.2 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) DRUGS: GENERAL CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE IN MANUFACTURING...

Colour Light And Wellbeing: A Case Study Of M Mall 020 George Town, Penang Island

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aqbar Zakaria, Safial; Yii Rou, Ng; Zhi En, Hoi; Iyian, Tai

2017-12-01

Contrary to popular belief, the brightest light or the most colourful light makes good lighting design. However, what makes a good lighting design in interior space is an impeccable composite of art and science. With the application of good lighting design, it can produce an impressive result from enhancing the aesthetic of architectural elements to conveying the right type of ambiance of the interiors. This research intends to address the crucial issues regarding the ways in which lighting designers can communicate the benefits of good lighting and to create a better awareness to users. The objectives of this paper are to outline and explore the features of good and poor lighting design in M Mall O2O based on the lighting design language and profession. The results of this research are mainly qualitative in nature, supported by the professional lighting designers on the definitions of good lighting, personal observation and visual data which were taken in George Town, Penang Island. The case studies on good and poor lighting portrayed in this mall were used as examples to scrutinize the issues raised herein. To achieve the optimum lighting design, a joint approach of focusing on the artistic flair brought forth by lighting and more scientific effort on the calculation levels of lights is crucial. Different functionality requires a different amount of attention on either approach. In conclusion, a good lighting design must be able to enhance the atmosphere and also enrich the quality of the interior architecture. Apart from that, a good lighting design should have good distribution of brightness levels, contrast and different colour temperatures to enhance characters of the interior spaces without neglecting the health and wellbeing aspects.

Tunable Dielectric Materials and Devices for Broadband Wireless Communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mueller, Carl H.; Miranda, Felix A.; Dayton, James A. (Technical Monitor)

1998-01-01

Wireless and satellite communications are a rapidly growing industries which are slated for explosive growth into emerging countries as well as countries with advanced economies. The dominant trend in wireless communication systems is towards broadband applications such as multimedia file transfer, video transmission and Internet access. These applications require much higher data transmission rates than those currently used for voice transmission applications. To achieve these higher data rates, substantially larger bandwidths and higher carrier frequencies are required. A key roadblock to implementing these systems at K-band (18-26.5 GHz) and Ka-band (26.5-40 GHz) is the need to develop hardware which meets the requirements for high data rate transmission in a cost effective manner. In this chapter, we report on the status of tunable dielectric thin films for devices, such as resonators, filters, phased array antennas, and tunable oscillators, which utilize nonlinear tuning in the control elements. Paraelectric materials such as Barium Strontium Titanate ((Ba, Sr)TiO3) have dielectric constants which can be tuned by varying the magnitude of the electric field across the material. Therefore, these materials can be used to control the frequency and/or phase response of various devices such as electronically steerable phased array antennas, oscillators, and filters. Currently, tunable dielectric devices are being developed for applications which require high tunability, low loss, and good RF power-handling capabilities at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies. These properties are strongly impacted by film microstructure and device design, and considerable developmental work is still required. However, in the last several years enormous progress has occurred in this field, validating the potential of tunable dielectric technology for broadband wireless communication applications. In this chapter we summarize how film processing techniques, microwave test configurations, and prototype devices have combined to drive the field to its current stage of development.

Self-determination vs. family-determination: two incommensurable principles of autonomy: a report from East Asia.

PubMed

Fan, Ruiping

1997-01-01

Most contemporary bioethicists believe that Western bioethical principles, such as the principle of autonomy, are universally binding wherever bioethics is found. According to these bioethicists, these principles may be subject to culturally-conditioned further interpretations for their application in different nations or regions, but an 'abstract content' of each principle remains unchanged, which provides 'an objective basis for moral judgment and international law'. This essay intends to demonstrate that this is not the case. Taking the principle of autonomy as an example, this essay argues that there is no such shared 'abstract content' between the Western bioethical principle of autonomy and the East Asian bioethical principle of autonomy. Other things being equal, the Western principle of autonomy demands self-determination, assumes a subjective conception of the good and promotes the value of individual independence, whilst the East Asian principle of autonomy requires family-determination, presupposes an objective conception of the good and upholds the value of harmonious dependence. They differ from each other in the most general sense and basic moral requirement.

Use of autologous grafts in the treatment of acquired penile curvature: An experience of 33 cases

PubMed Central

Khawaja, Abdul Rouf; Dar, Tanveer Iqbal; Zahur, Suhael; Tariq, Sheikh; Hamid, Arf; Wani, M. S.; Wazir, B. S.; Iqbal, Arsheed

2016-01-01

Aim: The objective was to compare the use of autologous dermal and temporalis fascia grafts in the treatment of acquired penile curvatures. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective observational study of 33 cases, conducted in Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar from March 2007 to September 2013. All the patients had stable Peyronies disease (PD). Dorsal, dorsolateral and vental curvatures with good preoperative erections were included. PD index with visual analog scales for curvature was used preoperatively. An informed written consent was taken from all the patients with main emphasis on erectile dysfunction. Results: After an average follow up of 2 years, complete straightening of penis was observed in all patients with satisfactory sexual intercourse in 30 patients (90%). Three patients (10%) required frequent use of type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitors for adequate erections. Overall 91% of patients and partners were satisfied with the procedure and cosmetically donor site was better in temporalis fascia graft site. No rejection of any graft was noted and glans hypoesthesia was noticed in 4 patients (12%). None of the patients required penile prosthesis. Total operative time for harvesting and application of the graft was more in dermal grafts (>3 hrs) than for temporalis fascia graft (2 hrs). Conclusion: Tunical lengthening procedures by autologous free grafts represents a safe and reproducible technique. A good preoperative erectile function is required for tunical lengthening procedure. Temporalis fascia graft is thin, tough membrane and effective graft for PD with good cosmetic and functional results. PMID:27141196

Strengthening radiopharmacy practice in IAEA Member States.

PubMed

Duatti, Adriano; Bhonsle, Uday

2013-05-01

Radiopharmaceuticals are essential components of nuclear medicine procedures. Without radiopharmaceuticals nuclear medicine procedures cannot be performed. Therefore it could be said that 'No radiopharmaceutical-no nuclear medicine.' A good radiopharmacy practice supports nuclear medicine activities by producing radiopharmaceuticals that are safe and are of the required quality in a consistent way. As with any medicinal product, radiopharmaceuticals are required to be produced under carefully controlled conditions and are tested for their quality, prior to the administration to patients, using validated standard operating procedures. These procedures are based on the principles of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). The GMP principles are based on scientific knowledge and applicable regulatory requirements and guidance related to radiopharmaceutical productions and use. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is committed to promote, in the Member States (MS), a rational and practical approach for the implementation of GMP for compounding or manufacturing of diagnostic or therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. To pursue this goal the IAEA has developed various mechanisms and collaborations with individual experts in the field and with relevant national and international institutions or organizations. IAEA's activities in promoting radiopharmaceutical science include commissioning expert advice in the form of publications on radiopharmaceutical production, quality control and usage, producing technical guidance on production and regulatory aspects related to new radiopharmaceuticals, creating guidance documentation for self or internal audits of radiopharmaceutical production facilities, producing guidance on implementation of Quality Management System and GMP in radiopharmacy, assisting in creation of specific radiopharmaceutical monographs for the International Pharmacopoeia, and developing radiopharmacy-related human resource capabilities in MS through individual and regional training courses and education programs. IAEA strongly supports development of clinical nuclear medicine services by assisting MS in setting up reliable Radiopharmaceutical production facilities for single photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and for therapeutic applications. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Mapping ergonomics application to improve SMEs working condition in industrially developing countries: a critical review.

PubMed

Hermawati, Setia; Lawson, Glyn; Sutarto, Auditya Purwandini

2014-01-01

In industrially developing countries (IDC), small and medium enterprises (SMEs) account for the highest proprotion of employment. Unfortunately, the working conditions in SMEs are often very poor and expose employees to a potentially wide range of health and safety risks. This paper presents a comprehensive review of 161 articles related to ergonomics application in SMEs, using Indonesia as a case study. The aim of this paper is to investigate the extent of ergonomics application and identify areas that can be improved to promote effective ergonomics for SMEs in IDC. The most urgent issue found is the need for adopting participatory approach in contrast to the commonly implemented top-down approach. Some good practices in ergonomics application were also revealed from the review, e.g. a multidisciplinary approach, unsophisticated and low-cost solutions, and recognising the importance of productivity. The review also found that more work is still required to achieve appropriate cross-cultural adaptation of ergonomics application.

[Self-contained cryoapplicators made of porous titanium nickelide in the treatment of precancer of the lip and oral mucosa].

PubMed

Filirin, M D; Sysoliatin, P G; Giunter, V E; Sogomonian, A A

1997-01-01

A set of autonomic cryoapplicators of porous titanium nickelide is designed, their physical parameters described, and cryogenic properties studied on gelatin model. Ninety-eight patients with precancer diseases of the red lips and buccal mucosa were treated using these applicators. The applicators are easy to use and meet the requirements to cryoinstruments. Cryoexposure is to be performed during the first minute after coolant charging, when the temperature of the applicators is close to the nitrogen one. The larger is the diameter of the working piece of the applicator and the larger is the device, the more ice is formed. The depth of freezing is 2 to 6 mm. The choice of an applicator, duration of cryoexposure, number of cryocontacts, and cycles of freezing and thawing depend on the form of precancer disease, size of lesions, and degree of the pathological changes. Good results were attained in 96.9 +/- 1.6% of patients.

2 CFR 176.140 - Award term-Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Section 1605 of the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Section 1605 of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. 176... Reinvestment Act of 2009 § 176.140 Award term—Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods..., steel, and/or manufactured goods covered under international agreements, the agency shall use the award...

2 CFR 176.150 - Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Section 1605 of the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Section 1605 of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. 176... Reinvestment Act of 2009 § 176.150 Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods... repair of a public building or public work, and do not involve iron, steel, and/or manufactured goods...

2 CFR 176.140 - Award term-Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Section 1605 of the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Section 1605 of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. 176... Reinvestment Act of 2009 § 176.140 Award term—Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods..., steel, and/or manufactured goods covered under international agreements, the agency shall use the award...

Improving Reliability of Service Operation Using FMEA Review and New Opportunity for Investigations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sutrisno, Agung; Gunawan, Indra

2016-01-01

Despite its growing contribution to the global economy, investigation on the application status of service FMEA study to support realization of reliable service operation is very limited in literature. Motivated by such situation, the paper presented an initial survey on the status and research gaps in developing and applying FMEA in service sectors. Systematic preliminary survey using specific criteria are undertaken. Our study indicated that development and application of service FMEA are partially addressing the characteristics of service operations and it is still applied into the good deed and profit oriented operations. Opportunities for further investigation pertaining to advancement of its decision supporting tool for service risk appraisal, its modification to cope with sustainability related requirements and application of service FMEA in not for profit oriented operations are presented as new avenues for further investigation

Development of high-average-power DPSSL with high beam quality

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nakai, Sadao; Kanabe, Tadashi; Kawashima, Toshiyuki; Yamanaka, Masanobu; Izawa, Yasukazu; Nakatuka, Masahiro; Kandasamy, Ranganathan; Kan, Hirofumi; Hiruma, Teruo; Niino, Masayuki

2000-08-01

The recent progress of high power diode laser is opening new fields of laser and its application. We are developing high average power diode pumped solid state laser DPSSL for laser fusion power plant, for space propulsion and for various applications in industry. The common features or requirements of our High Average-power Laser for Nuclear-fusion Application (HALNA) are large pulse energy with relatively low repetition of few tens Hz, good beam quality of order of diffraction limit and high efficiency more than 10%. We constructed HALNA 10 (10J X 10 Hz) and tested the performance to clarify the scalability to higher power system. We have obtained in a preliminary experiment a 8.5 J output energy at 0.5 Hz with beam quality of 2 times diffraction limited far-field pattern.

In situ green synthesis and characterization of sericin-silver nanoparticle composite with effective antibacterial activity and good biocompatibility.

PubMed

He, Huawei; Tao, Gang; Wang, Yejing; Cai, Rui; Guo, Pengchao; Chen, Liqun; Zuo, Hua; Zhao, Ping; Xia, Qingyou

2017-11-01

Silver nanoparticle has been widely applied to a variety of fields for its outstanding antimicrobial activity. However, the stability of silver nanoparticle limits its application under certain conditions. Thus, improving the stability of silver nanoparticle via biosynthesis is a promising shortcut to expand its application. Sericin from silkworm cocoon has good hydrophilicity, reaction activity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, we developed a novel, simple, one-step biosynthesis method to prepare sericin-silver nanoparticle composite in situ in solution. Sericin served as the reductant of silver ion, the dispersant and stabilizer of the prepared sericin-silver nanoparticle composite. Natural light was the only power source used to catalyze the synthesis of silver nanoparticle in situ in solution. The novel sericin-silver nanoparticle composite was characterized by ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed silver nanoparticle could be synthesized through the reduction of AgNO 3 by the phenolic hydroxyl group of tyrosine residues of sericin under the catalysis of natural light. The synthesized silver nanoparticle had good crystalline, size distribution and long-term stability at room temperature. Light irradiation was essential for the preparation of sericin-silver nanoparticle composite. The antibacterial activity assay showed 25mg/L and 100mg/L were the minimum concentrations of sericin-silver nanoparticle composite required to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and kill this bacterium, respectively. The cytotoxicity assay showed cell viability and cell growth were almost not affected by sericin-silver nanoparticle composite under the concentration of 25mg/L. Our study suggested the preparation of sericin-silver nanoparticle composite was environmentally friendly and energy conservation, and the prepared sericin-silver nanoparticle composite had long-term stability, effective antibacterial activity and good biocompatibility. This novel sericin-silver nanoparticle composite has shown great potentials for biomedical application such as antibacterial agent and wound care. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Parallel Algorithms for Switching Edges in Heterogeneous Graphs.

PubMed

Bhuiyan, Hasanuzzaman; Khan, Maleq; Chen, Jiangzhuo; Marathe, Madhav

2017-06-01

An edge switch is an operation on a graph (or network) where two edges are selected randomly and one of their end vertices are swapped with each other. Edge switch operations have important applications in graph theory and network analysis, such as in generating random networks with a given degree sequence, modeling and analyzing dynamic networks, and in studying various dynamic phenomena over a network. The recent growth of real-world networks motivates the need for efficient parallel algorithms. The dependencies among successive edge switch operations and the requirement to keep the graph simple (i.e., no self-loops or parallel edges) as the edges are switched lead to significant challenges in designing a parallel algorithm. Addressing these challenges requires complex synchronization and communication among the processors leading to difficulties in achieving a good speedup by parallelization. In this paper, we present distributed memory parallel algorithms for switching edges in massive networks. These algorithms provide good speedup and scale well to a large number of processors. A harmonic mean speedup of 73.25 is achieved on eight different networks with 1024 processors. One of the steps in our edge switch algorithms requires the computation of multinomial random variables in parallel. This paper presents the first non-trivial parallel algorithm for the problem, achieving a speedup of 925 using 1024 processors.

Parallel Algorithms for Switching Edges in Heterogeneous Graphs☆

PubMed Central

Khan, Maleq; Chen, Jiangzhuo; Marathe, Madhav

2017-01-01

An edge switch is an operation on a graph (or network) where two edges are selected randomly and one of their end vertices are swapped with each other. Edge switch operations have important applications in graph theory and network analysis, such as in generating random networks with a given degree sequence, modeling and analyzing dynamic networks, and in studying various dynamic phenomena over a network. The recent growth of real-world networks motivates the need for efficient parallel algorithms. The dependencies among successive edge switch operations and the requirement to keep the graph simple (i.e., no self-loops or parallel edges) as the edges are switched lead to significant challenges in designing a parallel algorithm. Addressing these challenges requires complex synchronization and communication among the processors leading to difficulties in achieving a good speedup by parallelization. In this paper, we present distributed memory parallel algorithms for switching edges in massive networks. These algorithms provide good speedup and scale well to a large number of processors. A harmonic mean speedup of 73.25 is achieved on eight different networks with 1024 processors. One of the steps in our edge switch algorithms requires the computation of multinomial random variables in parallel. This paper presents the first non-trivial parallel algorithm for the problem, achieving a speedup of 925 using 1024 processors. PMID:28757680

Neural network for image compression

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Panchanathan, Sethuraman; Yeap, Tet H.; Pilache, B.

1992-09-01

In this paper, we propose a new scheme for image compression using neural networks. Image data compression deals with minimization of the amount of data required to represent an image while maintaining an acceptable quality. Several image compression techniques have been developed in recent years. We note that the coding performance of these techniques may be improved by employing adaptivity. Over the last few years neural network has emerged as an effective tool for solving a wide range of problems involving adaptivity and learning. A multilayer feed-forward neural network trained using the backward error propagation algorithm is used in many applications. However, this model is not suitable for image compression because of its poor coding performance. Recently, a self-organizing feature map (SOFM) algorithm has been proposed which yields a good coding performance. However, this algorithm requires a long training time because the network starts with random initial weights. In this paper we have used the backward error propagation algorithm (BEP) to quickly obtain the initial weights which are then used to speedup the training time required by the SOFM algorithm. The proposed approach (BEP-SOFM) combines the advantages of the two techniques and, hence, achieves a good coding performance in a shorter training time. Our simulation results demonstrate the potential gains using the proposed technique.

Importance and globalization status of good manufacturing practice (GMP) requirements for pharmaceutical excipients

PubMed Central

Abdellah, Abubaker; Noordin, Mohamed Ibrahim; Wan Ismail, Wan Azman

2013-01-01

Pharmaceutical excipients are no longer inert materials but it is effective and able to improve the characteristics of the products’ quality, stability, functionality, safety, solubility and acceptance of patients. It can interact with the active ingredients and alter the medicament characteristics. The globalization of medicines’ supply enhances the importance of globalized good manufacturing practice (GMP) requirements for pharmaceutical excipients. This review was intended to assess the globalization status of good manufacturing practice (GMP) requirements for pharmaceutical excipients. The review outcomes demonstrate that there is a lack of accurately defined methods to evaluate and measure excipients’ safety. Furthermore good manufacturing practice requirements for excipients are not effectively globalized. PMID:25685037

Cross Validation of Two Partitioning-Based Sampling Approaches in Mesocosms Containing PCB Contaminated Field Sediment, Biota, and Activated Carbon Amendment.

PubMed

Schmidt, Stine N; Wang, Alice P; Gidley, Philip T; Wooley, Allyson H; Lotufo, Guilherme R; Burgess, Robert M; Ghosh, Upal; Fernandez, Loretta A; Mayer, Philipp

2017-09-05

The Gold Standard for determining freely dissolved concentrations (C free ) of hydrophobic organic compounds in sediment interstitial water would be in situ deployment combined with equilibrium sampling, which is generally difficult to achieve. In the present study, ex situ equilibrium sampling with multiple thicknesses of silicone and in situ pre-equilibrium sampling with low density polyethylene (LDPE) loaded with performance reference compounds were applied independently to measure polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in mesocosms with (1) New Bedford Harbor sediment (MA, U.S.A.), (2) sediment and biota, and (3) activated carbon amended sediment and biota. The aim was to cross validate the two different sampling approaches. Around 100 PCB congeners were quantified in the two sampling polymers, and the results confirmed the good precision of both methods and were in overall good agreement with recently published LDPE to silicone partition ratios. Further, the methods yielded C free in good agreement for all three experiments. The average ratio between C free determined by the two methods was factor 1.4 ± 0.3 (range: 0.6-2.0), and the results thus cross-validated the two sampling approaches. For future investigations, specific aims and requirements in terms of application, data treatment, and data quality requirements should dictate the selection of the most appropriate partitioning-based sampling approach.

Investigation of the applicability of using the triple redundant hydrogen sensor for methane sensing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lantz, J. B.; Wynveen, R. A.

1983-01-01

Application specifications for the methane sensor were assembled and design guidelines, development goals and evaluation criteria were formulated. This was done to provide a framework to evaluate sensor performance and any design adjustments to the preprototype sensor that could be required to provide methane sensitivity. Good response to hydrogen was experimentally established for four hydrogen sensor elements to be later evaluated for methane response. Prior results were assembled and analyzed for other prototype hydrogen sensor performance parameters to form a comparison base. The four sensor elements previously shown to have good hydrogen response were experimentally evaluated for methane response in 2.5% methane-in-air. No response was obtained for any of the elements, despite the high methane concentration used (50% of the Lower Flammability Limit). It was concluded that the preprototype sensing elements were insensitive to methane and were hydrogen specific. Alternative sensor operating conditions and hardware design changes were considered to provide methane sensitivity to the preprototype sensor, including a variety of different methane sensing techniques. Minor changes to the existing sensor elements, sensor geometry and operating conditions will not make the preprototype hydrogen sensor respond to methane. New sensor elements that will provide methane and hydrogen sensitivity require replacement of the existing thermistor type elements. Some hydrogen sensing characteristics of the modified sensor will be compromised (larger in situ calibration gas volume and H2 nonspecificity). The preprototype hydrogen sensor should be retained for hydrogen monitoring and a separate methane sensor should be developed.

Experimental and Numerical Simulations of Phase Transformations Occurring During Continuous Annealing of DP Steel Strips

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wrożyna, Andrzej; Pernach, Monika; Kuziak, Roman; Pietrzyk, Maciej

2016-04-01

Due to their exceptional strength properties combined with good workability the Advanced High-Strength Steels (AHSS) are commonly used in automotive industry. Manufacturing of these steels is a complex process which requires precise control of technological parameters during thermo-mechanical treatment. Design of these processes can be significantly improved by the numerical models of phase transformations. Evaluation of predictive capabilities of models, as far as their applicability in simulation of thermal cycles thermal cycles for AHSS is considered, was the objective of the paper. Two models were considered. The former was upgrade of the JMAK equation while the latter was an upgrade of the Leblond model. The models can be applied to any AHSS though the examples quoted in the paper refer to the Dual Phase (DP) steel. Three series of experimental simulations were performed. The first included various thermal cycles going beyond limitations of the continuous annealing lines. The objective was to validate models behavior in more complex cooling conditions. The second set of tests included experimental simulations of the thermal cycle characteristic for the continuous annealing lines. Capability of the models to describe properly phase transformations in this process was evaluated. The third set included data from the industrial continuous annealing line. Validation and verification of models confirmed their good predictive capabilities. Since it does not require application of the additivity rule, the upgrade of the Leblond model was selected as the better one for simulation of industrial processes in AHSS production.

Smart sustainable bottle (SSB) system for E. coli based recombinant protein production.

PubMed

Li, Zhaopeng; Carstensen, Bettina; Rinas, Ursula

2014-11-05

Recombinant proteins are usually required in laboratories interested in the protein but not in the production process itself. Thus, technical equipment which is easy to handle and straight forward protein production procedures are of great benefit to those laboratories. Companies selling single use cultivation bags and bioreactors are trying to satisfy at least part of these needs. However, single-use systems can contribute to major costs which might be acceptable when "good manufacturing practices" are required but not acceptable for most laboratories facing tight funding. The assembly and application of a simple self-made "smart sustainable bottle" (SSB) system for E. coli based protein production is presented. The core of the SSB system is a 2-L glass bottle which is operated at constant temperature, air flow, and stirrer speed without measurement and control of pH and dissolved oxygen. Oxygen transfer capacities are in the range as in conventional bioreactors operated at intermediate aeration rates and by far exceed those found in conventional shaking flasks and disposable bioreactors. The SSB system was applied for the production of various recombinant proteins using T7-based expression systems and a defined autoinduction medium. The production performance regarding amount and solubility of proteins with robust and delicate properties was as good as in state-of-the-art stirred tank commercial bioreactors. The SSB system represents a low cost protein production device applicable for easy, effective, and reproducible recombinant protein production.

Limitless Analytic Elements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strack, O. D. L.

2018-02-01

We present equations for new limitless analytic line elements. These elements possess a virtually unlimited number of degrees of freedom. We apply these new limitless analytic elements to head-specified boundaries and to problems with inhomogeneities in hydraulic conductivity. Applications of these new analytic elements to practical problems involving head-specified boundaries require the solution of a very large number of equations. To make the new elements useful in practice, an efficient iterative scheme is required. We present an improved version of the scheme presented by Bandilla et al. (2007), based on the application of Cauchy integrals. The limitless analytic elements are useful when modeling strings of elements, rivers for example, where local conditions are difficult to model, e.g., when a well is close to a river. The solution of such problems is facilitated by increasing the order of the elements to obtain a good solution. This makes it unnecessary to resort to dividing the element in question into many smaller elements to obtain a satisfactory solution.

12 CFR 221.106 - Reliance in “good faith” on statement of purpose of loan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Reliance in “good faith” on statement of purpose of loan. (a) Certain situations have arisen from time to... good faith.” As the Board stated in the interpretation contained in § 221.101, the “requirement of ‘good faith’ is of vital importance”; and, to fulfill such requirement, “it is clear that the bank must...

12 CFR 221.106 - Reliance in “good faith” on statement of purpose of loan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Reliance in “good faith” on statement of purpose of loan. (a) Certain situations have arisen from time to... good faith.” As the Board stated in the interpretation contained in § 221.101, the “requirement of ‘good faith’ is of vital importance”; and, to fulfill such requirement, “it is clear that the bank must...

2 CFR 176.150 - Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Section 1605 of the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Section 1605 of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. 176... Reinvestment Act of 2009 § 176.150 Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods... repair of a public building or public work, and do not involve iron, steel, and/or manufactured goods...

Maximizing carotenoid extraction from microalgae used as food additives and determined by liquid chromatography (HPLC).

PubMed

Cerón-García, M C; González-López, C V; Camacho-Rodríguez, J; López-Rosales, L; García-Camacho, F; Molina-Grima, E

2018-08-15

Microalgae are an interesting source of natural pigments that have valuable applications. However, further research is necessary to develop processes that allow us to achieve high levels of carotenoid recovery while avoiding degradation. This work presents a comprehensive study on the recovery of carotenoids from several microalgae genera, optimizing carotenoid extraction using alkaline saponification at various temperatures and KOH concentrations. Results show that I. galbana requires a temperature of 60 °C and <10% KOH, N. gaditana and K. veneficum require 60 °C and no saponification, P. reticulatum requires 40 °C and 10% KOH, T. suecica and H. pluvialis require 25 °C and 40% KOH while C. sp. and S. almeriensis require 80 °C and 40% KOH. The influence of the solvent on carotenoid recovery was also studied. In general terms, an ethanol:hexane:water (77:17:6 v/v/v) mixture results in good yields. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A Contextual Information Acquisition Approach Based on Semantics and Mashup Technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

He, Yangfan; Li, Lu; He, Keqing; Chen, Xiuhong

Pay per use is an essential feature of cloud computing. Users can make use of some parts of a large scale service to satisfy their requirements, merely at the cost of a little payment. A good understanding of the users' requirement is a prerequisite for choosing the service in need precisely. Context implies users' potential requirements, which can be a complement to the requirements delivered explicitly. However, traditional context-aware computing research always demands some specific kinds of sensors to acquire contextual information, which renders a threshold too high for an application to become context-aware. This paper comes up with an approach which combines contextual information obtained directly and indirectly from the cloud services. Semantic relationship between different kinds of contexts lays foundation for the searching of the cloud services. And mashup technology is adopted to compose the heterogonous services. Abundant contextual information may lend strong support to a comprehensive understanding of users' context and a bettered abstraction of contextual requirements.

A Scenario-Based Process for Requirements Development: Application to Mission Operations Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bindschadler, Duane L.; Boyles, Carole A.

2008-01-01

The notion of using operational scenarios as part of requirements development during mission formulation (Phases A & B) is widely accepted as good system engineering practice. In the context of developing a Mission Operations System (MOS), there are numerous practical challenges to translating that notion into the cost-effective development of a useful set of requirements. These challenges can include such issues as a lack of Project-level focus on operations issues, insufficient or improper flowdown of requirements, flowdown of immature or poor-quality requirements from Project level, and MOS resource constraints (personnel expertise and/or dollars). System engineering theory must be translated into a practice that provides enough structure and standards to serve as guidance, but that retains sufficient flexibility to be tailored to the needs and constraints of a particular MOS or Project. We describe a detailed, scenario-based process for requirements development. Identifying a set of attributes for high quality requirements, we show how the portions of the process address many of those attributes. We also find that the basic process steps are robust, and can be effective even in challenging Project environments.

Development of a Checklist for Assessing Good Hygiene Practices of Fresh-Cut Fruits and Vegetables Using Focus Group Interviews.

PubMed

Araújo, Jane A M; Esmerino, Erick A; Alvarenga, Verônica O; Cappato, Leandro P; Hora, Iracema C; Silva, Marcia Cristina; Freitas, Monica Q; Pimentel, Tatiana C; Walter, Eduardo H M; Sant'Ana, Anderson S; Cruz, Adriano G

2018-03-01

This study aimed to develop a checklist for good hygiene practices (GHP) for raw material of vegetable origin using the focus groups (FGs) approach (n = 4). The final checklist for commercialization of horticultural products totaled 28 questions divided into six blocks, namely: water supply; hygiene, health, and training; waste control; control of pests; packaging and traceability; and hygiene of facilities and equipment. The FG methodology was efficient to elaborate a participatory and objective checklist, based on minimum hygiene requirements, serving as a tool for diagnosis, planning, and training in GHP of fresh vegetables, besides contributing to raise awareness of the consumers' food safety. The FG methodology provided useful information to establish the final checklist for GHP, with easy application, according to the previous participants' perception and experience.

Consortia for Known Good Die (KGD), phase 1

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andrews, Marshall; Carey, David; Fellows, Mary M.; Gilg, Larry; Murphy, Cindy; Noddings, Chad; Pitts, Greg; Rathmell, Claude; Spooner, Charles

1994-02-01

This report describes the results of Phase 1 of the Infrastructure for KGD program at MCC. The objective of the work is to resolve the issues for supplying and procuring Known Good Die (KGD) in a way that fosters industry acceptance and confidence in Application Specific Electronic Modules (ASEM's for military systems) and MultiChip Modules (MCM's for commercial systems). This report is divided into four sections. Section 1 describes the technical assessment of proposed industry approaches to KGD implementation. Section 2 of the report contains an outline for the plan for industry and government cooperation for the demonstration, validation, and implementation of KGD methodologies identified in this Phase 1 study. Section 3 of the report contains the industry-generated requirements for KGD implementation. Section IV of the report contains the KGD specifications for TAB and flip chip IC's.

Way for LEEPL technology to succeed in memory device application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, In-Sung; Woo, Sang-Gyun; Cho, Han-Ku; Han, Woo-Sung; Moon, Joo-Tae

2004-05-01

Lithography for 65nm-node device is drawing a lot of attentions these days especially because lithography solution for this node is not clear and even tool makers tend to wait for the consensus in lithography roadmap to avoid the risk of erroneous amount of investment. Recently proposed concept of low energy electron-beam proximity-projection lithography (LEEPL)1,2 technology has already released its first production machine in 2003, which is being expected to cover the design rule down to 65nm-node and even smaller3. Although production of semiconductor device has been pursuing optical lithography, without any optical technology that is proved as a convincing solution for 65nm node and below, we need to take account of all the candidates. So we made an investigation on LEEPL technology and evaluated beta and first production tool to see the feasibility of printing sub-70nm resolution and of optic-first mix-and-match overlay from a chip maker"s point of view. Two different kinds of stencil masks were fabricated for the evaluation, which are fabricated in SiC and Si membrane. The former mask is for sparse contact holes(C/H) and the latter for dense C/Hs. Beta-tool showed a good resolving power of sub-70nm sparse C/Hs of SRAM with negligibly small proximity effect. It implies that LEEPL does not require much effort for proximity correction comparing to that required in optical lithography, which is one of the biggest issues in low-k1. LEEPL also showed a good capability of optic-first mix-and-match overlay correction and this is the most stringent and important functionality for optic-first mix-and-match application. However random intra-membrane image placement(IP) error that is a little bit larger than the requirement for sub-70nm node was observed, which is interpreted to come from the larger stress of 100MPa in 3X3mm2 dry-etched SiC unit membrane. For dense C/Hs, we failed, to the contrary, to obtain any good quality of stencil masks for DRAM cell patterns because of e-beam proximity effect which is unavoidable in the reversed order of front-side forward direct writing and back-side later membrane formation. Pros and cons of LEEPL technology are discussed based on the evaluation results and estimation from the memory device standpoint. We also propose a novel concept of stencil mask that can be helpful in memory device application.

Real-time optical fiber digital speckle pattern interferometry for industrial applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chan, Robert K.; Cheung, Y. M.; Lo, C. H.; Tam, T. K.

1997-03-01

There is current interest, especially in the industrial sector, to use the digital speckle pattern interferometry (DSPI) technique to measure surface stress. Indeed, many publications in the subject are evident of the growing interests in the field. However, to bring the technology to industrial use requires the integration of several emerging technologies, viz. optics, feedback control, electronics, imaging processing and digital signal processing. Due to the highly interdisciplinary nature of the technique, successful implementation and development require expertise in all of the fields. At Baptist University, under the funding of a major industrial grant, we are developing the technology for the industrial sector. Our system fully exploits optical fibers and diode lasers in the design to enable practical and rugged systems suited for industrial applications. Besides the development in optics, we have broken away from the reliance of a microcomputer PC platform for both image capture and processing, and have developed a digital signal processing array system that can handle simultaneous and independent image capture/processing with feedback control. The system, named CASPA for 'cascadable architecture signal processing array,' is a third generation development system that utilizes up to 7 digital signal processors has proved to be a very powerful system. With our CASPA we are now in a better position to developing novel optical measurement systems for industrial application that may require different measurement systems to operate concurrently and requiring information exchange between the systems. Applications in mind such as simultaneous in-plane and out-of-plane DSPI image capture/process, vibrational analysis with interactive DSPI and phase shifting control of optical systems are a few good examples of the potentials.

76 FR 50537 - Regulatory Guidance Concerning Household Goods Carriers Requiring Shippers To Sign Blank or...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-15

... Concerning Household Goods Carriers Requiring Shippers To Sign Blank or Incomplete Documents AGENCY: Federal.... Basis for This Notice The Agency has received numerous consumer complaints concerning household goods.... The FMCSA is issuing this regulatory guidance to eliminate any ambiguity or confusion concerning the...

The automated Army ROTC Questionnaire (ARQ)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Young, David L. H.

1991-01-01

The Reserve Officer Training Corps Cadet Command (ROTCCC) takes applications for its officer training program from college students and Army enlisted personnel worldwide. Each applicant is required to complete a set of application forms prior to acceptance into the ROTC program. These forms are covered by several regulations that govern the eligibility of potential applicants and guide the applicant through the application process. Eligibility criteria changes as Army regulations are periodically revised. Outdated information results in a loss of applications attributable to frustration and error. ROTCCC asked for an inexpensive and reliable way of automating their application process. After reviewing the process, it was determined that an expert system with good end user interface capabilities could be used to solve a large part of the problem. The system captures the knowledge contained within the regulations, enables the quick distribution and implementation of eligibility criteria changes, and distributes the expertise of the admissions personnel to the education centers and colleges. The expert system uses a modified version of CLIPS that was streamlined to make the most efficient use of its capabilities. A user interface with windowing capabilities provides the applicant with a simple and effective way to input his/her personal data.

A modified and stable version of a perfectly matched layer technique for the 3-d second order wave equation in time domain with an application to aeroacoustics

PubMed Central

Kaltenbacher, Barbara; Kaltenbacher, Manfred; Sim, Imbo

2013-01-01

We consider the second order wave equation in an unbounded domain and propose an advanced perfectly matched layer (PML) technique for its efficient and reliable simulation. In doing so, we concentrate on the time domain case and use the finite-element (FE) method for the space discretization. Our un-split-PML formulation requires four auxiliary variables within the PML region in three space dimensions. For a reduced version (rPML), we present a long time stability proof based on an energy analysis. The numerical case studies and an application example demonstrate the good performance and long time stability of our formulation for treating open domain problems. PMID:23888085

A Study to Identify the Critical Success Factors for ERP Implementation in an Indian SME: A Case Based Approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Upadhyay, Parijat; Dan, Pranab K.

To achieve synergy across product lines, businesses are implementing a set of standard business applications and consistent data definitions across all business units. ERP packages are extremely useful in integrating a global company and provide a "common language" throughout the company. Companies are not only implementing a standardized application but is also moving to a common architecture and infrastructure. For many companies, a standardized software rollout is a good time to do some consolidation of their IT infrastructure across various locations. Companies are also finding that the ERP solutions help them get rid of their legacy systems, most of which may not be compliant with the modern day business requirements.

Laser intensity modulated real time monitoring cell growth sensor for bioprocess applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kishore, P.; Babu, P. Ravindra; Devi, V. Rama; Maunika, T.; Soujanya, P.; Kishore, P. V. N.; Dinakar, D.

2016-04-01

This article proposes an optical method for monitoring the growth of Escherichia coli in Luria Bertani medium and Saccharomyces cereviciae in YPD. Suitable light is selected which on interaction with the analyte under consideration, gets adsorption / scattered. Required electronic circuitry is designed to drive the laser source and to detect the intensity of light using Photo-detector. All these components are embedded and arranged in a proper way and monitored the growth of the microbs in real time. The sensors results are compared with standard techniques such as colorimeter, Nephelometer and hemocytometer. The experimental results are in good agreement with the existed techniques and well suitable for real time monitoring applications of the growth of the microbs.

A low-cost inertial smoothing system for landing approach guidance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Niessen, F. R.

1973-01-01

Accurate position and velocity information with low noise content for instrument approaches and landings is required for both control and display applications. In a current VTOL automatic instrument approach and landing research program, radar-derived landing guidance position reference signals, which are noisy, have been mixed with acceleration information derived from low-cost onboard sensors to provide high-quality position and velocity information. An in-flight comparison of signal quality and accuracy has shown good agreement between the low-cost inertial smoothing system and an aided inertial navigation system. Furthermore, the low-cost inertial smoothing system has been proven to be satisfactory in control and display system applications for both automatic and pilot-in-the-loop instrument approaches and landings.

Influence of the UV radiation on the screen-printed pH-sensitive layers based on graphene and ruthenium dioxide

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pepłowski, A.; Grudziński, D.; Raczyński, T.; Wróblewski, G.; Janczak, D.; Jakubowska, M.

2017-08-01

Electrodes for measuring pH of the solution were fabricated by the means of screen-printing technology. Potentiometric sensors' layers comprised of composite with polymer matrix and graphene nanoplatelets/ruthenium (IV) oxide nanopowder as functional phase. Transceivers were printed on the elastic PMMA foil. Regarding potential application of the sensors in the wearable devices, dynamic response of the electrodes to changing ultraviolet radiation levels was assessed, since RuO2 is reported to be UV-sensitive. Observed changes of the electrodes' potential were of sub-millivolt magnitude, being comparable to simultaneously observed signal drift. Given this stability under varying UV conditions and previously verified good flexibility, fabricated sensors meet the requirements for wearable applications.

Molybdenum disulfide and water interaction parameters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heiranian, Mohammad; Wu, Yanbin; Aluru, Narayana R.

2017-09-01

Understanding the interaction between water and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is of crucial importance to investigate the physics of various applications involving MoS2 and water interfaces. An accurate force field is required to describe water and MoS2 interactions. In this work, water-MoS2 force field parameters are derived using the high-accuracy random phase approximation (RPA) method and validated by comparing to experiments. The parameters obtained from the RPA method result in water-MoS2 interface properties (solid-liquid work of adhesion) in good comparison to the experimental measurements. An accurate description of MoS2-water interaction will facilitate the study of MoS2 in applications such as DNA sequencing, sea water desalination, and power generation.

Optimizing the Anti-VEGF Treatment Strategy for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: From Clinical Trials to Real-Life Requirements.

PubMed

Mantel, Irmela

2015-06-01

This Perspective discusses the pertinence of variable dosing regimens with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) with regard to real-life requirements. After the initial pivotal trials of anti-VEGF therapy, the variable dosing regimens pro re nata (PRN), Treat-and-Extend, and Observe-and-Plan, a recently introduced regimen, aimed to optimize the anti-VEGF treatment strategy for nAMD. The PRN regimen showed good visual results but requires monthly monitoring visits and can therefore be difficult to implement. Moreover, application of the PRN regimen revealed inferior results in real-life circumstances due to problems with resource allocation. The Treat-and-Extend regimen uses an interval based approach and has become widely accepted for its ease of preplanning and the reduced number of office visits required. The parallel development of the Observe-and-Plan regimen demonstrated that the future need for retreatment (interval) could be reliably predicted. Studies investigating the observe-and-plan regimen also showed that this could be used in individualized fixed treatment plans, allowing for dramatically reduced clinical burden and good outcomes, thus meeting the real life requirements. This progressive development of variable dosing regimens is a response to the real-life circumstances of limited human, technical, and financial resources. This includes an individualized treatment approach, optimization of the number of retreatments, a minimal number of monitoring visits, and ease of planning ahead. The Observe-and-Plan regimen achieves this goal with good functional results. Translational Relevance: This perspective reviews the process from the pivotal clinical trials to the development of treatment regimens which are adjusted to real life requirements. The article discusses this translational process which- although not the classical interpretation of translation from fundamental to clinical research, but a subsequent process after the pivotal clinical trials - represents an important translational step from the clinical proof of efficacy to optimization in terms of patients' and clinics' needs. The related scientific procedure includes the exploration of the concept, evaluation of security, and finally proof of efficacy.

The Canonical Robot Command Language (CRCL).

PubMed

Proctor, Frederick M; Balakirsky, Stephen B; Kootbally, Zeid; Kramer, Thomas R; Schlenoff, Craig I; Shackleford, William P

2016-01-01

Industrial robots can perform motion with sub-millimeter repeatability when programmed using the teach-and-playback method. While effective, this method requires significant up-front time, tying up the robot and a person during the teaching phase. Off-line programming can be used to generate robot programs, but the accuracy of this method is poor unless supplemented with good calibration to remove systematic errors, feed-forward models to anticipate robot response to loads, and sensing to compensate for unmodeled errors. These increase the complexity and up-front cost of the system, but the payback in the reduction of recurring teach programming time can be worth the effort. This payback especially benefits small-batch, short-turnaround applications typical of small-to-medium enterprises, who need the agility afforded by off-line application development to be competitive against low-cost manual labor. To fully benefit from this agile application tasking model, a common representation of tasks should be used that is understood by all of the resources required for the job: robots, tooling, sensors, and people. This paper describes an information model, the Canonical Robot Command Language (CRCL), which provides a high-level description of robot tasks and associated control and status information.

The Canonical Robot Command Language (CRCL)

PubMed Central

Proctor, Frederick M.; Balakirsky, Stephen B.; Kootbally, Zeid; Kramer, Thomas R.; Schlenoff, Craig I.; Shackleford, William P.

2017-01-01

Industrial robots can perform motion with sub-millimeter repeatability when programmed using the teach-and-playback method. While effective, this method requires significant up-front time, tying up the robot and a person during the teaching phase. Off-line programming can be used to generate robot programs, but the accuracy of this method is poor unless supplemented with good calibration to remove systematic errors, feed-forward models to anticipate robot response to loads, and sensing to compensate for unmodeled errors. These increase the complexity and up-front cost of the system, but the payback in the reduction of recurring teach programming time can be worth the effort. This payback especially benefits small-batch, short-turnaround applications typical of small-to-medium enterprises, who need the agility afforded by off-line application development to be competitive against low-cost manual labor. To fully benefit from this agile application tasking model, a common representation of tasks should be used that is understood by all of the resources required for the job: robots, tooling, sensors, and people. This paper describes an information model, the Canonical Robot Command Language (CRCL), which provides a high-level description of robot tasks and associated control and status information. PMID:28529393

Rugged sensor window materials for harsh environments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bayya, Shyam; Villalobos, Guillermo; Kim, Woohong; Sanghera, Jasbinger; Hunt, Michael; Aggarwal, Ishwar D.

2014-09-01

There are several military or commercial systems operating in very harsh environments that require rugged windows. On some of these systems, windows become the single point of failure. These applications include sensor or imaging systems, high-energy laser weapons systems, submarine photonic masts, IR countermeasures and missiles. Based on the sea or land or air based platforms the window or dome on these systems must withstand wave slap, underwater or ground based explosions, or survive flight through heavy rain and sand storms while maintaining good optical transmission in the desired wavelength range. Some of these applications still use softer ZnS or fused silica windows because of lack of availability of rugged materials in shapes or sizes required. Sapphire, ALON and spinel are very rugged materials with significantly higher strengths compared to ZnS and fused silica. There have been recent developments in spinel, ALON and sapphire materials to fabricate in large sizes and conformal shapes. We have been developing spinel ceramics for several of these applications. We are also developing β-SiC as a transparent window material as it has higher hardness, strength, and toughness than sapphire, ALON and spinel. This paper gives a summary of our recent findings.

Concept-based query language approach to enterprise information systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Niemi, Timo; Junkkari, Marko; Järvelin, Kalervo

2014-01-01

In enterprise information systems (EISs) it is necessary to model, integrate and compute very diverse data. In advanced EISs the stored data often are based both on structured (e.g. relational) and semi-structured (e.g. XML) data models. In addition, the ad hoc information needs of end-users may require the manipulation of data-oriented (structural), behavioural and deductive aspects of data. Contemporary languages capable of treating this kind of diversity suit only persons with good programming skills. In this paper we present a concept-oriented query language approach to manipulate this diversity so that the programming skill requirements are considerably reduced. In our query language, the features which need technical knowledge are hidden in application-specific concepts and structures. Therefore, users need not be aware of the underlying technology. Application-specific concepts and structures are represented by the modelling primitives of the extended RDOOM (relational deductive object-oriented modelling) which contains primitives for all crucial real world relationships (is-a relationship, part-of relationship, association), XML documents and views. Our query language also supports intensional and extensional-intensional queries, in addition to conventional extensional queries. In its query formulation, the end-user combines available application-specific concepts and structures through shared variables.

Silicon Carbide Gas Sensors for Propulsion Emissions and Safety Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hunter, G. W.; Xu, J.; Neudeck, P. G.; Lukco, D.; Trunek, A.; Spry, D.; Lampard, P.; Androjna, D.; Makel, D.; Ward, B.

2007-01-01

Silicon carbide (SiC) based gas sensors have the ability to meet the needs of a range of aerospace propulsion applications including emissions monitoring, leak detection, and hydrazine monitoring. These applications often require sensitive gas detection in a range of environments. An effective sensing approach to meet the needs of these applications is a Schottky diode based on a SiC semiconductor. The primary advantage of using SiC as a semiconductor is its inherent stability and capability to operate at a wide range of temperatures. The complete SiC Schottky diode gas sensing structure includes both the SiC semiconductor and gas sensitive thin film metal layers; reliable operation of the SiC-based gas sensing structure requires good control of the interface between these gas sensitive layers and the SiC. This paper reports on the development of SiC gas sensors. The focus is on two efforts to better control the SiC gas sensitive Schottky diode interface. First, the use of palladium oxide (PdOx) as a barrier layer between the metal and SiC is discussed. Second, the use of atomically flat SiC to provide an improved SiC semiconductor surface for gas sensor element deposition is explored. The use of SiC gas sensors in a multi-parameter detection system is briefly discussed. It is concluded that SiC gas sensors have potential in a range of propulsion system applications, but tailoring of the sensor for each application is necessary.

Medical Data Transmission Using Cell Phone Networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Voos, J.; Centeno, C.; Riva, G.; Zerbini, C.; Gonzalez, E.

2011-12-01

A big challenge in telemedicine systems is related to have the technical requirements needed for a successful implementation in remote locations where the available hardware and communication infrastructure is not adequate for a good medical data transmission. Despite of the wide standards availability, methodologies, applications and systems integration facilities in telemedicine, in many cases the implementation requirements are not achievable to allow the system execution in remote areas of our country. Therefore, this paper presents an alternative for the messages transmission related to medical studies using the cellular network and the standard HL7 V3 [1] for data modeling. The messages are transmitted to a web server and stored in a centralized database which allows data sharing with other specialists.

New Equations for Calculating Principal and Fine-Structure Atomic Spectra for Single and Multi-Electron Atoms

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Surdoval, Wayne A.; Berry, David A.; Shultz, Travis R.

A set of equations are presented for calculating atomic principal spectral lines and fine-structure energy splits for single and multi-electron atoms. Calculated results are presented and compared to the National Institute of Science and Technology database demonstrating very good accuracy. The equations do not require fitted parameters. The only experimental parameter required is the Ionization energy for the electron of interest. The equations have comparable accuracy and broader applicability than the single electron Dirac equation. Three Appendices discuss the origin of the new equations and present calculated results. New insights into the special relativistic nature of the Dirac equation andmore » its relationship to the new equations are presented.« less

Nurse's Aid And Housekeeping Mobile Robot For Use In The Nursing Home Workplace

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sines, John A.

1987-01-01

The large nursing home market has several natural characteristics which make it a good applications area for robotics. The environment is already robot accessible and the work functions require large quantities of low skilled services on a daily basis. In the near future, a commercial opportunity for the practical application of robots is emerging in the delivery of housekeeping services in the nursing home environment. The robot systems will assist in food tray delivery, material handling, and security, and will perform activities such as changing a resident's table side drinking water twice a day, and taking out the trash. The housekeeping work functions will generate cost savings of approximately 22,000 per year, at a cost of 6,000 per year. Technical system challenges center around the artificial intelligence required for the robot to map its own location within the facility, to find objects, and to avoid obstacles, and the development of an energy efficient mechanical lifting system. The long engineering and licensing cycles (7 to 12 years) required to bring this type of product to market make it difficult to raise capital for such a venture.

High capacity aerodynamic air bearing (HCAB) for laser scanning applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Coleman, Sean M.

2005-08-01

A high capacity aerodynamic air bearing (HCAB) has been developed for the laser scanning market. The need for increasing accuracies in the prepress and print plate-making market is causing a shift from ball bearing to air bearing scanners. Aerostatic air bearings are a good option to meet this demand for better performance however, these bearings tend to be expensive and require an additional air supply, filtering and drying system. Commercially available aerodynamic bearings have been typically limited to small mirrors, on the order of 3.5" diameter and less than 0.5" thick. A large optical facet, hence a larger mirror, is required to generate the high number of pixels needed for this type of application. The larger optic necessitated the development of a high capacity 'self-generating' or aerodynamic air bearing that would meet the needs of the optical scanning market. Its capacity is rated up to 6.0" diameter and 1.0" thick optics. The performance of an aerodynamic air bearing is better than a ball bearing and similar to an aerostatic air bearing. It retains the low costs while eliminating the need for ancillary equipment required by an aerostatic bearing.

[Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Dermatology in Traditional Chinese Medicine].

PubMed

Wang, Yue-Xi; Liu, Meng-Yu; Wang, Li-Ying; Shi, Nan-Nan; Zhao, Xue-Yao; Liu, Yu-Qi; Wang, Yan-Ping; Han, Xue-Jie

2017-09-01

To assess the quality and application effect of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Dermatology in Traditional Chinese Medicine(Guidelines) through the applicability and applicability evaluation respectively. The questionnaire survey was adopted to evaluate the applicability of the Guidelines, including the utilization, quality, and clinical application conditions. The results showed that the familiarity rate and utilization rate of the Guidelines were 85.37%, 48.78%, respectively. The data showed that the familiarity and the utilization rates were different in the working staff with different professional titles. The evaluation level was the lowest given by the staff with junior professional title (70.97%, 29.03%) in comparison. The assessment showed the overall quality of the Guideline was good and slightly low level for the rationality scores of the other therapeutic methods as well as for the recuperation and prevention (80.49%, 85.37%), which was in line with the clinical compliance of the Guideline. The perspective observation of clinical cases was used for the applicability evaluation, including clinical compliance of the Guideline, effect evaluation, and comprehensive assessment, et al. The results showed that the safety score was the highest, followed by the economic issue and efficacy. For the comprehensive evaluation of the applicability, complete applicability accounted for 29.27%, and the general applicability accounted for 87.80%. It was showed in the three index scores of the applicability evaluation that the accumulative score 7-9 scores were 75.65%, 73.89%, 71.12%. Through the applicability and applicability evaluation, the Guideline was satisfactory in the overall quality, high in the safety of clinical application and good in efficacy and economic issues. There are some limits on the development method and technical issues in the Guideline, which is required to be supplemented in the revision. Additionally, the strategy study on the promotion of the Guideline should be enhanced so as to expedite the recognition and utilization of the Guideline. Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Industrial waste water in Bangkok, Thailand: Definitional mission report. Export trade information

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pfrang, W.

A definitional mission visited Thailand between February 1 and 7, 1992 to study the market opportunities for US manufacturers in providing pollution control equipment. Thailand presently lacks industrial machinery required for pollution control equipment. Consequently, this equipment must be imported for both industrial and municipal waste treatment facilities. The US has both the applicable technology and manufactured goods to serve the market. There is, however, stiff competition from Europe and especially Japan, who offer financial assistance at preferential rates for these types of projects.

Brachial plexus injury management through upper extremity amputation with immediate postoperative prostheses.

PubMed

Malone, J M; Leal, J M; Underwood, J; Childers, S J

1982-02-01

Management of patients with brachial plexus injuries requires a team approach so that all aspects of their care are addressed simultaneously. This report examines elective amputation and prosthetic rehabilitation in a patient with brachial plexus avulsion of the left arm. The best possibility for good prosthetic rehabilitation is the early application of prosthetic devices with intensive occupational therapy. Using this type of approach, we have achieved significant improvement in amputation rehabilitation of upper extremity amputees treated with immediate postoperative conventional electric and myoelectric prostheses.

DNA transformation via local heat shock

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Sha; Meadow Anderson, L.; Yang, Jui-Ming; Lin, Liwei; Yang, Haw

2007-07-01

This work describes transformation of foreign DNA into bacterial host cells by local heat shock using a microfluidic system with on-chip, built-in platinum heaters. Plasmid DNA encoding ampicillin resistance and a fluorescent protein can be effectively transformed into the DH5α chemically competent E. coli using this device. Results further demonstrate that only one-thousandth of volume is required to obtain transformation efficiencies as good as or better than conventional practices. As such, this work complements other lab-on-a-chip technologies for potential gene cloning/therapy and protein expression applications.

Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Rice Bran Oil -the Technology, Manufacture, and Applications.

PubMed

Sookwong, Phumon; Mahatheeranont, Sugunya

2017-06-01

Rice bran is a good source of nutrients that have large amounts of phytochemicals and antioxidants. Conventional rice bran oil production requires many processes that may deteriorate and degrade these valuable substances. Supercritical CO 2 extraction is a green alternative method for producing rice bran oil. This work reviews production of rice bran oil by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2 ) extraction. In addition, the usefulness and advantages of SC-CO 2 extracted rice bran oil for edible oil and health purpose is also described.

Dynamics of polymer nanoparticles and chains.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Streletzky, Kiril; McKenna, John; Hillier, Gerry

2006-10-01

We present a Dynamic Light Scattering study of transport properties of the polymer chains and nanoparticles made out of the same starting solution. The spectra of both systems are highly non-exponential requiring a spectral time moment analysis. Our findings indicate the existence of several modes of relaxation in both systems. The comparison of the mean relaxation rates and diffusion coefficients of the different modes in two systems under good solvent conditions will be reported. Temperature sensitivity of the polymer nanoparticles and its possible applications in pharmaceutical, coatings, and petroleum industries will also be discussed.

Practical aspects of protein co-evolution.

PubMed

Ochoa, David; Pazos, Florencio

2014-01-01

Co-evolution is a fundamental aspect of Evolutionary Theory. At the molecular level, co-evolutionary linkages between protein families have been used as indicators of protein interactions and functional relationships from long ago. Due to the complexity of the problem and the amount of genomic data required for these approaches to achieve good performances, it took a relatively long time from the appearance of the first ideas and concepts to the quotidian application of these approaches and their incorporation to the standard toolboxes of bioinformaticians and molecular biologists. Today, these methodologies are mature (both in terms of performance and usability/implementation), and the genomic information that feeds them large enough to allow their general application. This review tries to summarize the current landscape of co-evolution-based methodologies, with a strong emphasis on describing interesting cases where their application to important biological systems, alone or in combination with other computational and experimental approaches, allowed getting new insight into these.

Practical aspects of protein co-evolution

PubMed Central

Ochoa, David; Pazos, Florencio

2014-01-01

Co-evolution is a fundamental aspect of Evolutionary Theory. At the molecular level, co-evolutionary linkages between protein families have been used as indicators of protein interactions and functional relationships from long ago. Due to the complexity of the problem and the amount of genomic data required for these approaches to achieve good performances, it took a relatively long time from the appearance of the first ideas and concepts to the quotidian application of these approaches and their incorporation to the standard toolboxes of bioinformaticians and molecular biologists. Today, these methodologies are mature (both in terms of performance and usability/implementation), and the genomic information that feeds them large enough to allow their general application. This review tries to summarize the current landscape of co-evolution-based methodologies, with a strong emphasis on describing interesting cases where their application to important biological systems, alone or in combination with other computational and experimental approaches, allowed getting new insight into these. PMID:25364721

A New Hybrid Proton-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cells-Battery Power System with Efficiencies Considered

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chao, Chung-Hsing; Shieh, Jenn-Jong

Hybrid systems, based on lead-acid or lithium-ion batteries and proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), give the possibility of combining the benefit of both technologies. The merits of high energy density and power density for different applications are discussed in this paper in recognition of the practical realization of such hybrid power systems. Furthermore, experimental data for such a hybrid system is described and the results are shown and discussed. The results show that the combination of lead-acid batteries or lithium-ion batteries and PEMFCs shows advantages in cases of applications with high peak power requirements, such as electric scooters and applications where the fuel cell (FC) is used as an auxiliary power-supply to recharge the battery. The high efficiency of FCs operating with a partial load results in a good fuel economy for the purpose of recharging batteries within a FC system.

Large Scale Production of Stem Cells and Their Derivatives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zweigerdt, Robert

Stem cells have been envisioned to become an unlimited cell source for regenerative medicine. Notably, the interest in stem cells lies beyond direct therapeutic applications. They might also provide a previously unavailable source of valuable human cell types for screening platforms, which might facilitate the development of more efficient and safer drugs. The heterogeneity of stem cell types as well as the numerous areas of application suggests that differential processes are mandatory for their in vitro culture. Many of the envisioned applications would require the production of a high number of stem cells and their derivatives in scalable, well-defined and potentially clinical compliant manner under current good manufacturing practice (cGMP). In this review we provide an overview on recent strategies to develop bioprocesses for the expansion, differentiation and enrichment of stem cells and their progenies, presenting examples for adult and embryonic stem cells alike.

Swords to plowshares: Shock wave applications to advanced lithography

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Trucano, T.G.; Grady, D.E.; Kubiak, G.D.

1995-03-01

Extreme UltraViolet Lithography (EUVL) seeks to apply radiation in a wavelength region centered near 13 nm to produce microcircuits having features sizes 0.1 micron or less. A critical requirement for the commercial application of this technology is the development of an economical, compact source of this radiation which is suitable for lithographic applications. A good candidate is a laser-plasma source, which is generated by the interaction of an intermediate intensity laser pulse (up to 10{sup 12} W/cm{sup 2}) with a metallic target. While such a source has radiative characteristics which satisfy the needs of an EUVL source, the debris generatedmore » during the laser-target interaction strikes at the economy of the source. Here, the authors review the use of concepts and computer modeling, originally developed for hypervelocity impact analysis, to study this problem.« less

Proof of concept of a novel SMA cage actuator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deyer, Christopher W.; Brei, Diann E.

2001-06-01

Numerous industrial applications that currently utilize expensive solenoids or slow wax motors are good candidates for smart material actuation. Many of these applications require millimeter-scale displacement and low cost; thereby, eliminating piezoelectric technologies. Fortunately, there is a subset of these applications that can tolerate the slower response of shape memory alloys. This paper details a proof-of-concept study of a novel SMA cage actuator intended for proportional braking in commercial appliances. The chosen actuator architecture consists of a SMA wire cage enclosing a return spring. To develop an understanding of the influences of key design parameters on the actuator response time and displacement amplitude, a half-factorial 25 Design of Experiment (DOE) study was conducted utilizing eight differently configured prototypes. The DOE results guided the selection of the design parameters for the final proof-of-concept actuator. This actuator was built and experimentally characterized for stroke, proportional control and response time.

An Extension of the Chi-Square Procedure for Non-NORMAL Statistics, with Application to Solar Neutrino Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sturrock, P. A.

2008-01-01

Using the chi-square statistic, one may conveniently test whether a series of measurements of a variable are consistent with a constant value. However, that test is predicated on the assumption that the appropriate probability distribution function (pdf) is normal in form. This requirement is usually not satisfied by experimental measurements of the solar neutrino flux. This article presents an extension of the chi-square procedure that is valid for any form of the pdf. This procedure is applied to the GALLEX-GNO dataset, and it is shown that the results are in good agreement with the results of Monte Carlo simulations. Whereas application of the standard chi-square test to symmetrized data yields evidence significant at the 1% level for variability of the solar neutrino flux, application of the extended chi-square test to the unsymmetrized data yields only weak evidence (significant at the 4% level) of variability.

MPEG-7: standard metadata for multimedia content

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang, Wo

2005-08-01

The eXtensible Markup Language (XML) metadata technology of describing media contents has emerged as a dominant mode of making media searchable both for human and machine consumptions. To realize this premise, many online Web applications are pushing this concept to its fullest potential. However, a good metadata model does require a robust standardization effort so that the metadata content and its structure can reach its maximum usage between various applications. An effective media content description technology should also use standard metadata structures especially when dealing with various multimedia contents. A new metadata technology called MPEG-7 content description has merged from the ISO MPEG standards body with the charter of defining standard metadata to describe audiovisual content. This paper will give an overview of MPEG-7 technology and what impact it can bring forth to the next generation of multimedia indexing and retrieval applications.

MICP and Advances towards Eco-Friendly and Economical Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rajasekar, Adharsh; Moy, Charles K. S.; Wilkinson, Stephen

2017-07-01

Biomineralization is a natural process aided by living organisms. Due to its applicability in ground improvement and bioremediation, Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) is an interdisciplinary field of study combining engineering, chemistry and microbiology. Bioremediation has been applied widely for contamination containment or removal, in this case it will be containment. MICP can also be applied to improve the efficiency of insitu bioremediation. Urease is an enzyme which can facilitate increased calcite precipitation. However the production of urease by bacteria and thus the resulting carbonate precipitation are inhibited by environmental factors including calcium concentration, bacterial concentration, pH and temperature. Under good conditions MICP can be used for heavy metal and radionuclide immobilization. However technologies such as bioconsolidation and biocementation require improvement such as time and cost. This paper highlights the application of MICP in addition to suggested improvements to make it more eco-friendly and sustainable.

Development and validation of a multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Mollicutes impurities in human cells, cultured under good manufacturing practice conditions, and following European Pharmacopoeia requirements and the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines.

PubMed

Vanni, Irene; Ugolotti, Elisabetta; Raso, Alessandro; Di Marco, Eddi; Melioli, Giovanni; Biassoni, Roberto

2012-07-01

The clinical applications of in vitro manipulated cultured cells and their precursors are often made use of in therapeutic trials. However, tissue cultures can be easily contaminated by the ubiquitous Mollicutes micro-organisms, which can cause various and severe alterations in cellular function. Thus methods able to detect and trace Mollicutes impurities contaminating cell cultures are required before starting any attempt to grow cells under good manufacturing practice (GMP) conditions. We developed a multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay specific for the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions, for the Tuf and P1 cytoadhesin genes, able to detect contaminant Mollicutes species in a single tube reaction. The system was validated by analyzing different cell lines and the positive samples were confirmed by 16S and P1 cytoadhesin gene dideoxy sequencing. Our multiplex qPCR detection system was able to reach a sensitivity, specificity and robustness comparable with the culture and the indicator cell culture method, as required by the European Pharmacopoeia guidelines. We have developed a multiplex qPCR method, validated following International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, as a qualitative limit test for impurities, assessing the validation characteristics of limit of detection and specificity. It also follows the European Pharmacopoeia guidelines and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requirements.

Geomorphological reference condition definition as a basis for river restoration and river management: the example of Oiartzun, Oria and Urumea River basins (Basque Country)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ibisate, Askoa; Ollero, Alfredo; Sáenz de Olazagoitia, Ana; Acín, Vanesa; Granado, David; Herrero, Xabier; Horacio, Jesús

2017-04-01

The application of hydrogeomorphology as a tool for river management and decision making on reference condition definition for river restoration is presented. Water Framework Directive (2000/60/CE) requires the identification of reference conditions and attainable target images, to achieve the good ecological status, taking into account the direct and indirect changes in the basin and river course. Data collection was done through an exhaustive fieldwork and GIS tools. Based on geomorphological homogeneous river reaches identification (waterfall, bedrock, step-pool, cascade, coluvial, run, riffle-pool, heavily modified), the hydrogeomorphological assessment of all of them in relation to its "natural" condition allowed the identification of those with a good or very good hydrogeomorphological condition, considered as reference condition. The loss of hydrogeomorphological quality was closely linked to sociodemographical pressure, due to artificial elements in the river course, floodplain and land use changes on the basin. The assessment done based on pressures and impacts allowed the proposal of specific restoration objectives which facilitated the identification of the elements that degrade the hydrogeomorphological quality of the reaches, and helped the identification of specific restoration actions. In addition it was possible to set the reaches with the potentiality of being restored, those reversible and those that due to its high degradation were considered irreversible, and therefore not able to be restored, except for some rehabilitation or mitigation measures. The application in two basins, Oria and Oiartzun, concluded that 36% of the reaches could recover their geomorphological good status and a 40% could be considered as reference condition for other reaches. This geomorphological based reference condition definition could be linked and complete with ecological data.

Design and characterization of sustained release ketoprofen entrapped carnauba wax microparticles.

PubMed

Oliveira, Rodinelli B; Nascimento, Thais L; Lima, Eliana M

2012-01-01

Ketoprofen is a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases and in mild to moderate pain. Ketoprofen has a short biological half-life and the commercially available conventional release formulations require dosages to be administered at least 2-3 times a day. Due to these characteristics, ketoprofen is a good candidate for the preparation of controlled release formulations. In this work, a multiparticulate-sustained release dosage form containing ketoprofen in a carnauba wax matrix was developed. Particles were prepared by an emulsion congealing technique. System variables were optimized using fractional factorial and response surface experimental design. Characterization of the particles included size and morphology, flow rate, drug loading and in vitro drug release. Spherical particles were obtained with high drug load and sustained drug release profile. The optimized particles had an average diameter of approximately 200 µm, 50% (w/w) drug load, good flow properties and prolonged ketoprofen release for more than 24 h. Carnauba wax microspheres prepared in this work represent a new multiparticulate-sustained release system for the NSAID ketoprofen, exhibiting good potential for application in further pharmaceutical processes.

Ridge filter design and optimization for the broad-beam three-dimensional irradiation system for heavy-ion radiotherapy.

PubMed

Schaffner, B; Kanai, T; Futami, Y; Shimbo, M; Urakabe, E

2000-04-01

The broad-beam three-dimensional irradiation system under development at National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) requires a small ridge filter to spread the initially monoenergetic heavy-ion beam to a small spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP). A large SOBP covering the target volume is then achieved by a superposition of differently weighted and displaced small SOBPs. Two approaches were studied for the definition of a suitable ridge filter and experimental verifications were performed. Both approaches show a good agreement between the calculated and measured dose and lead to a good homogeneity of the biological dose in the target. However, the ridge filter design that produces a Gaussian-shaped spectrum of the particle ranges was found to be more robust to small errors and uncertainties in the beam application. Furthermore, an optimization procedure for two fields was applied to compensate for the missing dose from the fragmentation tail for the case of a simple-geometry target. The optimized biological dose distributions show that a very good homogeneity is achievable in the target.

Constructing Free Standing Metal Organic Framework MIL-53 Membrane Based on Anodized Aluminum Oxide Precursor

PubMed Central

Zhang, Yunlu; Gao, Qiuming; Lin, Zhi; Zhang, Tao; Xu, Jiandong; Tan, Yanli; Tian, Weiqian; Jiang, Lei

2014-01-01

Metal organic framework (MOF) materials have attracted great attention due to their well-ordered and controllable pores possessing of prominent potentials for gas molecule sorption and separation performances. Organizing the MOF crystals to a continuous membrane with a certain scale will better exhibit their prominent potentials. Reports in recent years concentrate on well grown MOF membranes on specific substrates. Free standing MOF membranes could have more important applications since they are independent from the substrates. However, the method to prepare such a membrane has been a great challenge because good mechanical properties and stabilities are highly required. Here, we demonstrate a novel and facile technique for preparing the free standing membrane with a size as large as centimeter scale. The substrate we use proved itself not only a good skeleton but also an excellent precursor to fulfill the reaction. This kind of membrane owns a strong mechanical strength, based on the fact that it is much thinner than the composite membranes grown on substrates and it could exhibit good property of gas separation. PMID:24821299

Differential barometric-based positioning technique for indoor elevation measurement in IoT medical applications.

PubMed

Wang, Hua; Wen, Yingyou; Zhao, Dazhe

2017-07-20

Medical applications have begun to benefit from Internet of Things (IoT) technology through the introduction of wearable devices. Several medical applications require accurate patient location as various changes affect pressure parameters inside the body. This study aims to develop a system to measure indoor altitude for IoT medical applications. We propose a differential barometric-based positioning system to estimate the altitude between a reference sensor and a localizing sensor connected to the human body. The differential barometric altimetry model is introduced to estimate indoor elevations and eliminate environmental artifacts. In addition, a Gaussian filter processing is adopted to remove noise from the elevation measurements. The proposed system is then investigated through extensive experiments, using various evaluation criteria. The results indicate that the proposed system yielded good accuracy with reduced implementation complexity and fewer costs. The proposed system is resilient compared to other indoor localization approaches, even when numerous environmental artifacts in indoor environments are present.

Degradation of three fungicides following application on strawberry and a risk assessment of their toxicity under greenhouse conditions.

PubMed

Sun, Caixia; Cang, Tao; Wang, Zhiwei; Wang, Xinquan; Yu, Ruixian; Wang, Qiang; Zhao, Xueping

2015-05-01

The health risk to humans of pesticide application on minor crops, such as strawberry, requires quantification. Here, the dissipation and residual levels of three fungicides (pyraclostrobin, myclobutanil, and difenoconazole) were studied for strawberry under greenhouse conditions using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-tandem mass spectrometry after Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe extraction. This method was validated using blank samples, with all mean recoveries of these three fungicides exceeding 80%. The residues of all three fungicides dissipated following first-order kinetics. The half-lives of pyraclostrobin, myclobutanil, and difenoconazole were 1.69, 3.30, and 3.65 days following one time application and 1.73, 5.78, and 6.30 days following two times applications, respectively. Fungicide residue was determined by comparing the estimated daily intake of the three fungicides against the acceptable daily intake. The results indicate that the potential health risk of the three fungicides was not significant in strawberry when following good agricultural practices (GAP) under greenhouse conditions.

Feed Safe: a multidisciplinary partnership approach results in a successful mobile application for breastfeeding mothers.

PubMed

White, Becky; White, James; Giglia, Roslyn; Tawia, Susan

2016-05-30

Issue addressed: Mobile applications are increasingly being used in health promotion initiatives. Although there is evidence that developing these mobile health applications in multidisciplinary teams is good practice, there is a gap in the literature with respect to evaluation of the process of this partnership model and how best to disseminate the application into the community. The aim of this paper is twofold, to describe the partnership model in which the Feed Safe application was developed and to investigate what worked in terms of dissemination. Methods: The process of working in partnership was measured using the VicHealth partnership analysis tool for health promotion. The dissemination strategy and reach of the application was measured using both automated analytics data and estimates of community-initiated promotion. Results: The combined average score from the partnership analysis tool was 138 out of a possible 175. A multipronged dissemination strategy led to good uptake of the application among Australian women. Conclusions: Multidisciplinary partnership models are important in the development of health promotion mobile applications. Recognising and utilising the skills of each partner organisation can help expand the reach of mobile health applications into the Australian population and aid in good uptake of health promotion resources. So what?: Developing mobile applications in multidisciplinary partnerships is good practice and can lead to wide community uptake of the health promotion resource.

Performance of ceramic superconductors in magnetic bearings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kirtley, James L., Jr.; Downer, James R.

1993-01-01

Magnetic bearings are large-scale applications of magnet technology, quite similar in certain ways to synchronous machinery. They require substantial flux density over relatively large volumes of space. Large flux density is required to have satisfactory force density. Satisfactory dynamic response requires that magnetic circuit permeances not be too large, implying large air gaps. Superconductors, which offer large magnetomotive forces and high flux density in low permeance circuits, appear to be desirable in these situations. Flux densities substantially in excess of those possible with iron can be produced, and no ferromagnetic material is required. Thus the inductance of active coils can be made low, indicating good dynamic response of the bearing system. The principal difficulty in using superconductors is, of course, the deep cryogenic temperatures at which they must operate. Because of the difficulties in working with liquid helium, the possibility of superconductors which can be operated in liquid nitrogen is thought to extend the number and range of applications of superconductivity. Critical temperatures of about 98 degrees Kelvin were demonstrated in a class of materials which are, in fact, ceramics. Quite a bit of public attention was attracted to these new materials. There is a difficulty with the ceramic superconducting materials which were developed to date. Current densities sufficient for use in large-scale applications have not been demonstrated. In order to be useful, superconductors must be capable of carrying substantial currents in the presence of large magnetic fields. The possible use of ceramic superconductors in magnetic bearings is investigated and discussed and requirements that must be achieved by superconductors operating at liquid nitrogen temperatures to make their use comparable with niobium-titanium superconductors operating at liquid helium temperatures are identified.

The reported quality of life of selected home hemodialysis patients.

PubMed

Molzahn, A E

1991-04-01

The quality of life (QoL) of 10 home hemodialysis (HHD) patients was studied using the Aristotelian-Thomistic philosophical theory of the good life. According to this theory, seven types of real goods are required to have a good life. Semistructured interviews were used to determine whether the patients possessed these goods. Also, card sort tasks were used to obtain the patients' ranking of these goods in terms of the importance of the goods and time spent acquiring them. It was found that the subjects were seriously deprived of some of the real goods required to have a good life, including health, vigor, pleasurable feelings, freedom of action, and free time. Goods of personal association and goods of the body were of greatest importance to the subjects. It appears that this theory has some utility in assessing QoL of patients on HHD.

H. R. 3692: a bill to modify the deadlines applicable to hazardous waste disposal facilities. A report submitted to the House of Representatives, Ninety-Ninth Congress, First Session, November 6, 1985

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1985-01-01

This bill amends the Solid Waste Disposal Act to change the deadlines when facilities must certify that they are in compliance with the financial requirements of the Act; i.e., that they have obtained appropriate insurance policies and other protection as required by law. The bill delays compliance during interim status in terms of groundwater monitoring, with interim status terminating on November 8, 1987. The bill covers facilities which were in compliance, but whose insurance policies were later cancelled, those with revenues in the July 1981-1982 fiscal year of less than $5 million, those in states whose requirement came into effectmore » after November 8, 1984, and those which can document a good-faith effort to comply.« less

TH-A-12A-01: Medical Physicist's Role in Digital Information Security: Threats, Vulnerabilities and Best Practices

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

McDonald, K; Curran, B

I. Information Security Background (Speaker = Kevin McDonald) Evolution of Medical Devices Living and Working in a Hostile Environment Attack Motivations Attack Vectors Simple Safety Strategies Medical Device Security in the News Medical Devices and Vendors Summary II. Keeping Radiation Oncology IT Systems Secure (Speaker = Bruce Curran) Hardware Security Double-lock Requirements “Foreign” computer systems Portable Device Encryption Patient Data Storage System Requirements Network Configuration Isolating Critical Devices Isolating Clinical Networks Remote Access Considerations Software Applications / Configuration Passwords / Screen Savers Restricted Services / access Software Configuration Restriction Use of DNS to restrict accesse. Patches / Upgrades Awareness Intrusionmore » Prevention Intrusion Detection Threat Risk Analysis Conclusion Learning Objectives: Understanding how Hospital IT Requirements affect Radiation Oncology IT Systems. Illustrating sample practices for hardware, network, and software security. Discussing implementation of good IT security practices in radiation oncology. Understand overall risk and threats scenario in a networked environment.« less

Lowering of acoustic droplet vaporization threshold via aggregation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Shifang; Shi, Aiwei; Xu, Shanshan; Du, Xuan; Wang, Xin; Zong, Yujin; Bouakaz, Ayache; Wan, Mingxi

2017-12-01

Acoustically sensitive emulsion nanodroplets composed of perfluorocarbon have shown great potential for advanced medical diagnosis and therapy but are limited by the required high acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) threshold for clinical applications. This study investigates the use of an ultrasonic standing wave to lower the ADV threshold while maintaining the generated bubble size in the required size range, ensuring the generation of inertial cavitation and corresponding physical effects. The results showed that disperse nanodroplets were manipulated to form micron-sized aggregations, and the required ADV threshold was significantly lowered, while a similar size range of the microbubbles generated by disperse nanodroplets was maintained. The threshold could be further regulated by adjusting the aggregation size via controlling the concentration of the disperse nanodroplets. Furthermore, the internal pressures in the aggregations with different sizes were calculated to determine their ADV thresholds theoretically, which were shown to be in good agreement with the experimental results.

A sensible technique to detect mollicutes impurities in human cells cultured in GMP condition.

PubMed

Ugolotti, Elisabetta; Vanni, Irene

2014-01-01

In therapeutic trials the use of manipulated cell cultures for clinical applications is often required. Mollicutes microorganism contamination of tissue cultures is a major problem because it can determine various and severe alterations in cellular function. Thus methods able to detect and trace cell cultures with Mollicutes contamination are needed in the monitoring of cells grown under good manufacturing practice conditions, and cell lines in continuous culture must be tested at regular intervals. We here describe a multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay able to detect contaminant Mollicutes species in a single-tube reaction through analysis of 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions and Tuf and P1 cytoadhesin genes. The method shows a sensitivity, specificity, and robustness comparable with the culture and the indicator cell culture as required by the European Pharmacopoeia guidelines and was validated following International Conference on Harmonization guidelines and Food and Drug Administration requirements.

Application of a Navier-Stokes Solver to the Analysis of Multielement Airfoils and Wings Using Multizonal Grid Techniques

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jones, Kenneth M.; Biedron, Robert T.; Whitlock, Mark

1995-01-01

A computational study was performed to determine the predictive capability of a Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes code (CFL3D) for two-dimensional and three-dimensional multielement high-lift systems. Three configurations were analyzed: a three-element airfoil, a wing with a full span flap and a wing with a partial span flap. In order to accurately model these complex geometries, two different multizonal structured grid techniques were employed. For the airfoil and full span wing configurations, a chimera or overset grid technique was used. The results of the airfoil analysis illustrated that although the absolute values of lift were somewhat in error, the code was able to predict reasonably well the variation with Reynolds number and flap position. The full span flap analysis demonstrated good agreement with experimental surface pressure data over the wing and flap. Multiblock patched grids were used to model the partial span flap wing. A modification to an existing patched- grid algorithm was required to analyze the configuration as modeled. Comparisons with experimental data were very good, indicating the applicability of the patched-grid technique to analyses of these complex geometries.

Energy harvesting using TEG and PV cell for low power application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tawil, Siti Nooraya Mohd; Zainal, Mohd Zulkarnain

2018-02-01

A thermoelectric generator (TEG) module and photovoltaic cell (PV) were utilized to harvest energy from temperature gradients of heat sources from ambient heat and light of sun. The output of TEG and PV were connected to a power management circuit consist of step-up dc-dc converter in order to increase the output voltage to supply a low power application such as wireless communication module and the photovoltaic cell for charging an energy storage element in order to switch on a fan for cooling system of the thermoelectric generator. A switch is used as a selector to choose the input of source either from photovoltaic cell or thermoelectric generator to switch on DC-DC step-up converter. In order to turn on the DC-DC step-up converter, the input must be greater than 3V. The energy harvesting was designed so that it can be used continuously and portable anywhere. Multiple sources used in this energy harvesting system is to ensure the system can work in whatever condition either in good weather or not good condition of weather. This energy harvesting system has the potential to be used in military operation and environment that require sustainability of energy resources.

Laser rangefinders for autonomous intelligent cruise control systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Journet, Bernard A.; Bazin, Gaelle

1998-01-01

THe purpose of this paper is to show to what kind of application laser range-finders can be used inside Autonomous Intelligent Cruise Control systems. Even if laser systems present good performances the safety and technical considerations are very restrictive. As the system is used in the outside, the emitted average output power must respect the rather low level of 1A class. Obstacle detection or collision avoidance require a 200 meters range. Moreover bad weather conditions, like rain or fog, ar disastrous. We have conducted measurements on laser rangefinder using different targets and at different distances. We can infer that except for cooperative targets low power laser rangefinder are not powerful enough for long distance measurement. Radars, like 77 GHz systems, are better adapted to such cases. But in case of short distances measurement, range around 10 meters, with a minimum distance around twenty centimeters, laser rangefinders are really useful with good resolution and rather low cost. Applications can have the following of white lines on the road, the target being easily cooperative, detection of vehicles in the vicinity, that means car convoy traffic control or parking assistance, the target surface being indifferent at short distances.

Wave equation datuming applied to S-wave reflection seismic data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tinivella, U.; Giustiniani, M.; Nicolich, R.

2018-05-01

S-wave high-resolution reflection seismic data was processed using Wave Equation Datuming technique in order to improve signal/noise ratio, attenuating coherent noise, and seismic resolution and to solve static corrections problems. The application of this algorithm allowed obtaining a good image of the shallow subsurface geological features. Wave Equation Datuming moves shots and receivers from a surface to another datum (the datum plane), removing time shifts originated by elevation variation and/or velocity changes in the shallow subsoil. This algorithm has been developed and currently applied to P wave, but it reveals the capacity to highlight S-waves images when used to resolve thin layers in high-resolution prospecting. A good S-wave image facilitates correlation with well stratigraphies, optimizing cost/benefit ratio of any drilling. The application of Wave Equation Datuming requires a reliable velocity field, so refraction tomography was adopted. The new seismic image highlights the details of the subsoil reflectors and allows an easier integration with borehole information and geological surveys than the seismic section obtained by conventional CMP reflection processing. In conclusion, the analysis of S-wave let to characterize the shallow subsurface recognizing levels with limited thickness once we have clearly attenuated ground roll, wind and environmental noise.

[From Science to Law: Findings of Reha XI Project on Ascertaining the Need for Rehabilitation in Medical Service Assessments].

PubMed

Kalwitzki, T; Huter, K; Runte, R; Breuninger, K; Janatzek, S; Gronemeyer, S; Gansweid, B; Rothgang, H

2017-03-01

Introduction: In the broad-based consortium project "Reha XI - Identifying rehabilitative requirements in medical service assessments: evaluation and implementation", a comprehensive analysis of the corresponding procedures was carried out by the medical services of the German Health Insurance Funds (MDK). On the basis of this analysis, a Good Practice Standard (GPS) for assessments was drawn up and scientifically evaluated. This article discusses the findings and applicability of the GPS as the basis for a nationwide standardized procedure in Germany as required by the Second Act to Strengthen Long-Term Care (PSG II) under Vol. XI Para. 18 (6) of the German Social Welfare Code. Method: The consortium project comprised four project phases: 1. Qualitative and quantitative situation analysis of the procedures for ascertaining rehabilitative needs in care assessments carried out by the MDK; 2. Development of a Good Practice Standard (GPS) in a structured, consensus-based procedure; 3. Scientific evaluation of the validity, reliability and practicability of the assessment procedure according to the GPS in the MDK's operational practice; 4. Survey of long-term care insurance funds with respect to the appropriateness of the rehabilitation recommendations drawn up by care assessors in line with the GPS for providing a qualified recommendation for the applicant. The evaluation carried out in the third project phase was subject to methodological limitations that may have given rise to distortions in the findings. Findings: On the basis of the situation analysis, 7 major thematic areas were identified in which improvements were implemented by applying the GPS. For the evaluation of the GPS, a total of 3 247 applicants were assessed in line with the GPS; in 6.3% of the applicants, an indication for medical rehabilitation was determined. The GPS procedure showed a high degree of reliability and practicability, but the values for the validity of the assessment procedure were highly unsatisfactory. The degree of acceptance by the long-term care insurance funds with respect to the recommendations for rehabilitation following the GPS procedure was high. Conclusion: The application of a general standard across all MDKs shows marked improvements in the quality of the assessment procedure and leads more frequently to the ascertainment of an indication for medical rehabilitation. The methodological problems and the unsatisfactory findings with respect to the validity of the assessors' decisions require further scientific scrutiny. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

32 CFR 776.71 - Requirement to remain in good standing with licensing authorities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces that a covered attorney is in good standing with that court will... 32 National Defense 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Requirement to remain in good standing with licensing authorities. 776.71 Section 776.71 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT...

32 CFR 776.71 - Requirement to remain in good standing with licensing authorities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces that a covered attorney is in good standing with that court will... 32 National Defense 5 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Requirement to remain in good standing with licensing authorities. 776.71 Section 776.71 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT...

2 CFR 176.140 - Award term-Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Section 1605 of the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Section 1605 of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. 176... and Reinvestment Act of 2009 § 176.140 Award term—Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and... that does not involve iron, steel, and/or manufactured goods covered under international agreements...

2 CFR 176.140 - Award term-Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Section 1605 of the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

..., Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Section 1605 of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. 176... and Reinvestment Act of 2009 § 176.140 Award term—Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and... that does not involve iron, steel, and/or manufactured goods covered under international agreements...

Estimation of the radiation dose from radiotherapy for skin haemangiomas in childhood: the ICTA software for epidemiology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shamsaldin, A.; Lundell, M.; Diallo, I.; Ligot, L.; Chavaudra, J.; de Vathaire, F.

2000-12-01

Radium applicators and pure beta emitters have been widely used in the past to treat skin haemangioma in early childhood. A well defined relationship between the low doses received from these applicators and radiation-induced cancers requires accurate dosimetry. A human-based CT scan phantom has been used to simulate every patient and treatment condition and then to calculate the source-target distance when radium and pure beta applicators were used. The effective transmission factor ϕ(r) for the gamma spectrum emitted by the radium sources applied on the skin surface was modelled using Monte Carlo simulations. The well-known quantization approach was used to calculate gamma doses delivered from radium applicators to various anatomical points. For 32P, 90Sr/90Y applicators and 90Y needles we have used the apparent exponential attenuation equation. The dose calculation algorithm was integrated into the ICTA software (standing for a model that constructs an Individualized phantom based on CT slices and Auxological data), which has been developed for epidemiological studies of cohorts of patients who received radium and beta-treatments for skin haemangioma. The ϕ(r) values obtained for radium skin applicators are in good agreement with the available values in the first 10 cm but higher at greater distances. Gamma doses can be calculated with this algorithm at 165 anatomical points throughout the body of patients treated with radium applicators. Lung heterogeneity and air crossed by the gamma rays are considered. Comparison of absorbed doses in water from a 10 mg equivalent radium source simulated by ICTA with those measured at the Radiumhemmet, Karolinska Hospital (RAH) showed good agreement, but ICTA estimation of organ doses did not always correspond those estimated at the RAH. Beta doses from 32P, 90Sr/90Y applicators and 90Y needles are calculated up to the maximum beta range (11 mm).

Rad-Hard, Miniaturized, Scalable, High-Voltage Switching Module for Power Applications Rad-Hard, Miniaturized

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Adell, Philippe C.; Mojarradi, Mohammad; DelCastillo, Linda Y.; Vo, Tuan A.

2011-01-01

A paper discusses the successful development of a miniaturized radiation hardened high-voltage switching module operating at 2.5 kV suitable for space application. The high-voltage architecture was designed, fabricated, and tested using a commercial process that uses a unique combination of 0.25 micrometer CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) transistors and high-voltage lateral DMOS (diffusion metal oxide semiconductor) device with high breakdown voltage (greater than 650 V). The high-voltage requirements are achieved by stacking a number of DMOS devices within one module, while two modules can be placed in series to achieve higher voltages. Besides the high-voltage requirements, a second generation prototype is currently being developed to provide improved switching capabilities (rise time and fall time for full range of target voltages and currents), the ability to scale the output voltage to a desired value with good accuracy (few percent) up to 10 kV, to cover a wide range of high-voltage applications. In addition, to ensure miniaturization, long life, and high reliability, the assemblies will require intensive high-voltage electrostatic modeling (optimized E-field distribution throughout the module) to complete the proposed packaging approach and test the applicability of using advanced materials in a space-like environment (temperature and pressure) to help prevent potential arcing and corona due to high field regions. Finally, a single-event effect evaluation would have to be performed and single-event mitigation methods implemented at the design and system level or developed to ensure complete radiation hardness of the module.

29 CFR 789.5 - “* * * acquired * * * in good faith * * * for value without notice * * *.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... statutory protection. The legislative history of the amendments indicates that a purchaser's good faith is... applicable violation of the Act. To illustrate the application of the above principles, let us assume that a...

19 CFR 10.586 - Certification not required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE...-United States Free Trade Agreement Import Requirements § 10.586 Certification not required. (a) General... good; or (2) A commercial importation for which the value of the originating goods does not exceed U.S...

Building structural similarity database for metric learning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jin, Guoxin; Pappas, Thrasyvoulos N.

2015-03-01

We propose a new approach for constructing databases for training and testing similarity metrics for structurally lossless image compression. Our focus is on structural texture similarity (STSIM) metrics and the matched-texture compression (MTC) approach. We first discuss the metric requirements for structurally lossless compression, which differ from those of other applications such as image retrieval, classification, and understanding. We identify "interchangeability" as the key requirement for metric performance, and partition the domain of "identical" textures into three regions, of "highest," "high," and "good" similarity. We design two subjective tests for data collection, the first relies on ViSiProG to build a database of "identical" clusters, and the second builds a database of image pairs with the "highest," "high," "good," and "bad" similarity labels. The data for the subjective tests is generated during the MTC encoding process, and consist of pairs of candidate and target image blocks. The context of the surrounding image is critical for training the metrics to detect lighting discontinuities, spatial misalignments, and other border artifacts that have a noticeable effect on perceptual quality. The identical texture clusters are then used for training and testing two STSIM metrics. The labelled image pair database will be used in future research.

From skin biopsy to neurons through a pluripotent intermediate under Good Manufacturing Practice protocols.

PubMed

Karumbayaram, Saravanan; Lee, Peiyee; Azghadi, Soheila F; Cooper, Aaron R; Patterson, Michaela; Kohn, Donald B; Pyle, April; Clark, Amander; Byrne, James; Zack, Jerome A; Plath, Kathrin; Lowry, William E

2012-01-01

The clinical application of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) requires not only the production of Good Manufacturing Practice-grade (GMP-grade) hiPSCs but also the derivation of specified cell types for transplantation under GMP conditions. Previous reports have suggested that hiPSCs can be produced in the absence of animal-derived reagents (xenobiotics) to ease the transition to production under GMP standards. However, to facilitate the use of hiPSCs in cell-based therapeutics, their progeny should be produced not only in the absence of xenobiotics but also under GMP conditions requiring extensive standardization of protocols, documentation, and reproducibility of methods and product. Here, we present a successful framework to produce GMP-grade derivatives of hiPSCs that are free of xenobiotic exposure from the collection of patient fibroblasts, through reprogramming, maintenance of hiPSCs, identification of reprogramming vector integration sites (nrLAM-PCR), and finally specification and terminal differentiation of clinically relevant cells. Furthermore, we developed a primary set of Standard Operating Procedures for the GMP-grade derivation and differentiation of these cells as a resource to facilitate widespread adoption of these practices.

Recent Regulatory Trends in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing and their Impact on the Industry.

PubMed

Tabersky, Daniel; Woelfle, Michael; Ruess, Juan-Antonio; Brem, Simon; Brombacher, Stephan

2018-03-30

The pharmaceutical industry is one of the most regulated industries in Switzerland. Though the concept of good manufacturing practises (GMP) was implemented for chemical production in the early 1990s, the rules and regulations for our industry are in constant evolution. In this article we will highlight the impact of these changes to the industry using three recent guideline up-dates as examples: the implementation of ICH Q3D 'Guideline for elemental impurities', the EU-GMP Guideline Part III Chapter 'Guideline on setting health based exposure limits for use in risk identification in the manufacture of different medicinal products in shared facilities' from 01. June 2015, and the new guidelines to data integrity such as 'PIC/S 041-1 Good Practices for Data Management and Integrity in regulated GMP/GDP environments'. These examples show how scientific approaches help to modernize the control strategies for our products and increase product quality for a better patient safety. The requirements of data integrity regulations are also of interest to industries and universities not working under GxP requirements as they also support the business to improve data quality (traceability) for patent applications, and reduce risk of data falsification.

Non-Axisymmetric Inflatable Pressure Structure (NAIPS) Concept that Enables Mass Efficient Packageable Pressure Vessels with Sealable Openings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Doggett, William R.; Jones, Thomas C.; Kenner, Winfred S.; Moore, David F.; Watson, Judith J.; Warren, Jerry E.; Makino, Alberto; Yount, Bryan; Selig, Molly; Shariff, Khadijah;

40 CFR 33.301 - What does this subpart require?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... AGENCY PROGRAMS Good Faith Efforts § 33.301 What does this subpart require? A recipient, including one... good faith efforts whenever procuring construction, equipment, services and supplies under an EPA...

40 CFR 33.301 - What does this subpart require?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... AGENCY PROGRAMS Good Faith Efforts § 33.301 What does this subpart require? A recipient, including one... good faith efforts whenever procuring construction, equipment, services and supplies under an EPA...

40 CFR 33.301 - What does this subpart require?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... AGENCY PROGRAMS Good Faith Efforts § 33.301 What does this subpart require? A recipient, including one... good faith efforts whenever procuring construction, equipment, services and supplies under an EPA...

40 CFR 33.301 - What does this subpart require?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... AGENCY PROGRAMS Good Faith Efforts § 33.301 What does this subpart require? A recipient, including one... good faith efforts whenever procuring construction, equipment, services and supplies under an EPA...

Elastic and photo-elastic characteristics of laser crystals potassium rare-earth tungstates KRE(WO₄)₂, where RE=Y, Yb, Gd and Lu.

PubMed

Mazur, M M; Velikovskiy, D Yu; Mazur, L I; Pavluk, A A; Pozhar, V E; Pustovoit, V I

2014-07-01

The elastic and photo-elastic characteristics of four laser crystals KY(WO₄)₂, KGd(WO₄)₂, KYb(WO₄)₂, and KLu(WO₄)₂ are presented. The first pair was reported early, and the last two materials have been investigated for the first time. The full matrix of elastic constants of these monoclinic crystals has been determined. Also, acousto-optical figure of merit for all the basic geometries of isotropic diffraction has been measured. It is proved that potassium rare-earth tungstates has rather good acousto-optical properties and particularly can take place of fused silica in technical applications required high power laser radiation. All the results demonstrate good prospect of these optically bi-axial laser crystals for development of new effective acousto-optical devices. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Direct laser writing of micro-supercapacitors on hydrated graphite oxide films.

PubMed

Gao, Wei; Singh, Neelam; Song, Li; Liu, Zheng; Reddy, Arava Leela Mohana; Ci, Lijie; Vajtai, Robert; Zhang, Qing; Wei, Bingqing; Ajayan, Pulickel M

2011-07-31

Microscale supercapacitors provide an important complement to batteries in a variety of applications, including portable electronics. Although they can be manufactured using a number of printing and lithography techniques, continued improvements in cost, scalability and form factor are required to realize their full potential. Here, we demonstrate the scalable fabrication of a new type of all-carbon, monolithic supercapacitor by laser reduction and patterning of graphite oxide films. We pattern both in-plane and conventional electrodes consisting of reduced graphite oxide with micrometre resolution, between which graphite oxide serves as a solid electrolyte. The substantial amounts of trapped water in the graphite oxide makes it simultaneously a good ionic conductor and an electrical insulator, allowing it to serve as both an electrolyte and an electrode separator with ion transport characteristics similar to that observed for Nafion membranes. The resulting micro-supercapacitor devices show good cyclic stability, and energy storage capacities comparable to existing thin-film supercapacitors.

Direct laser writing of micro-supercapacitors on hydrated graphite oxide films

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gao, Wei; Singh, Neelam; Song, Li; Liu, Zheng; Reddy, Arava Leela Mohana; Ci, Lijie; Vajtai, Robert; Zhang, Qing; Wei, Bingqing; Ajayan, Pulickel M.

2011-08-01

Microscale supercapacitors provide an important complement to batteries in a variety of applications, including portable electronics. Although they can be manufactured using a number of printing and lithography techniques, continued improvements in cost, scalability and form factor are required to realize their full potential. Here, we demonstrate the scalable fabrication of a new type of all-carbon, monolithic supercapacitor by laser reduction and patterning of graphite oxide films. We pattern both in-plane and conventional electrodes consisting of reduced graphite oxide with micrometre resolution, between which graphite oxide serves as a solid electrolyte. The substantial amounts of trapped water in the graphite oxide makes it simultaneously a good ionic conductor and an electrical insulator, allowing it to serve as both an electrolyte and an electrode separator with ion transport characteristics similar to that observed for Nafion membranes. The resulting micro-supercapacitor devices show good cyclic stability, and energy storage capacities comparable to existing thin-film supercapacitors.

Tacky COC: a solvent bonding technique for fabrication of microfluidic systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Keller, Nico; Nargang, Tobias M.; Helmer, Dorothea; Rapp, Bastian E.

2016-03-01

The academic community knows cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) as a well suited material for microfluidic applications because COC has numerous interesting properties such as high transmittance, good chemical resistance and good biocompatibility. Here we present a fast and cost-effective method for bonding of two COC substrates: exposure to appropriate solvents gives a tacky COC surface which when brought in contact with untreated COC forms a strong and optical clear bond. The bonding process is carried out at room temperature and takes less than three minutes which makes it significantly faster than currently described methods: This method does not require special lab equipment such as hot plates or hydraulic presses. The mild conditions of the bond process also allow for such "tacky COC" lids to be used for sealing of microfluidic chips containing immobilized protein patterns which is of high interest for immunodiagnostic testing inside microfluidic chips.

Aqueous synthesis of high bright and tunable near-infrared AgInSe2-ZnSe quantum dots for bioimaging.

PubMed

Che, Dongchen; Zhu, Xiaoxu; Wang, Hongzhi; Duan, Yourong; Zhang, Qinghong; Li, Yaogang

2016-02-01

Efficient synthetic methods for near-infrared quantum dots with good biophysical properties as bioimaging agents are urgently required. In this work, a simple and fast synthesis of highly luminescent, near-infrared AgInSe2-ZnSe quantum dots (QDs) with tunable emissions in aqueous media is reported. This method avoids high temperature and pressure and organic solvents to directly generate water-dispersible AgInSe2-ZnSe QDs. The photoluminescence emission peak of the AgInSe2-ZnSe QDs ranged from 625 to 940nm, with quantum yields up to 31%. The AgInSe2-ZnSe QDs with high quantum yield, near-infrared and low cytotoxic could be used as good cell labels, showing great potential applications in bio-imaging. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Repeatability and Reversibility of the Humidity Sensor Based on Photonic Crystal Fiber Interferometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hindal, S. S.; Taher, H. J.

2018-05-01

The RH sensor operation based on water vapor adsorption and desorption at the silica-air interface within the PCF. Sensor fabrication is simple; it includes splicing and cleaving the PCF with SMF only. PCF (LMA-10) with a certain length spliced to SMF (Corning-28). The PCFI spectrum exhibits good sensitivity to the variations of humidity. The PCFI response is observed for range of relative humidity values from (27% RH to 85% RH), the interference peaks position is found to be shifted to longer wavelength as the humidity increases. In this work, a 6cm length of PCFs is used, and it shows a sensitivity of (2.41pm / %RH), good repeatability, and reversible in nature. This humidity sensor has distinguished features as that the sensor does not require the use of a hygroscopic material, robust, compact size, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and it has potential applications for high humidity environments.

Online Updating of Statistical Inference in the Big Data Setting.

PubMed

Schifano, Elizabeth D; Wu, Jing; Wang, Chun; Yan, Jun; Chen, Ming-Hui

2016-01-01

We present statistical methods for big data arising from online analytical processing, where large amounts of data arrive in streams and require fast analysis without storage/access to the historical data. In particular, we develop iterative estimating algorithms and statistical inferences for linear models and estimating equations that update as new data arrive. These algorithms are computationally efficient, minimally storage-intensive, and allow for possible rank deficiencies in the subset design matrices due to rare-event covariates. Within the linear model setting, the proposed online-updating framework leads to predictive residual tests that can be used to assess the goodness-of-fit of the hypothesized model. We also propose a new online-updating estimator under the estimating equation setting. Theoretical properties of the goodness-of-fit tests and proposed estimators are examined in detail. In simulation studies and real data applications, our estimator compares favorably with competing approaches under the estimating equation setting.

Porous hydrophilic polymer: good and bad news in the orthopedic application of cruciate ligament substitution.

PubMed

Rubin, R M; Marshall, J L

1975-05-01

In the configuration used, the Hydron sponge did not enhance the ingrowth of bone into the Dacron for prosthesis anchorage. In fact, the presence of the Hydron seemed to retard such ingrowth, even though there was bony incorporation of portions of the Hydron polymer. Fixation was more rigid when Dacron was implanted bare. Hydron sponge does not appear to remain intact within a joint. It would not seem suitable for intra-articular protection of a prosthesis or local delivery of antibiotics here. We did not search further for the polymer in the regional lymph nodes. Hydron sponge is capable of eleciting an unusual phenomenon of woven bone formation. This is "good news" for its potential, but realization of such potential will certainly require additional study. Double and triple interval fluorochrome labelling would be especially helpful in further studying the localization and rate of this bone formation.

New Equation of State Models for Hydrodynamic Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Young, David A.; Barbee, Troy W., III; Rogers, Forrest J.

1997-07-01

Accurate models of the equation of state of matter at high pressures and temperatures are increasingly required for hydrodynamic simulations. We have developed two new approaches to accurate EOS modeling: 1) ab initio phonons from electron band structure theory for condensed matter and 2) the ACTEX dense plasma model for ultrahigh pressure shocks. We have studied the diamond and high pressure phases of carbon with the ab initio model and find good agreement between theory and experiment for shock Hugoniots, isotherms, and isobars. The theory also predicts a comprehensive phase diagram for carbon. For ultrahigh pressure shock states, we have studied the comparison of ACTEX theory with experiments for deuterium, beryllium, polystyrene, water, aluminum, and silicon dioxide. The agreement is good, showing that complex multispecies plasmas are treated adequately by the theory. These models will be useful in improving the numerical EOS tables used by hydrodynamic codes.

Requirements and testing methods for surfaces of metallic bipolar plates for low-temperature PEM fuel cells

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jendras, P.; Lötsch, K.; von Unwerth, T.

2017-03-01

To reduce emissions and to substitute combustion engines automotive manufacturers, legislature and first users aspire hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Up to now the focus of research was set on ensuring functionality and increasing durability of fuel cell components. Therefore, expensive materials were used. Contemporary research and development try to substitute these substances by more cost-effective material combinations. The bipolar plate is a key component with the greatest influence on volume and mass of a fuel cell stack and they have to meet complex requirements. They support bending sensitive components of stack, spread reactants over active cell area and form the electrical contact to another cell. Furthermore, bipolar plates dissipate heat of reaction and separate one cell gastight from the other. Consequently, they need a low interfacial contact resistance (ICR) to the gas diffusion layer, high flexural strength, good thermal conductivity and a high durability. To reduce costs stainless steel is a favoured material for bipolar plates in automotive applications. Steel is characterized by good electrical and thermal conductivity but the acid environment requires a high chemical durability against corrosion as well. On the one hand formation of a passivating oxide layer increasing ICR should be inhibited. On the other hand pitting corrosion leading to increased permeation rate may not occur. Therefore, a suitable substrate lamination combination is wanted. In this study material testing methods for bipolar plates are considered.

How to Select a Questionnaire with a Good Methodological Quality?

PubMed

Paiva, Saul Martins; Perazzo, Matheus de França; Ortiz, Fernanda Ruffo; Pordeus, Isabela Almeida; Martins-Júnior, Paulo Antônio

2018-01-01

In the last decades, several instruments have been used to evaluate the impact of oral health problems on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of individuals. However, some instruments lack thorough methodological validation or present conceptual differences that hinder comparisons with instruments. Thus, it can be difficult to clinicians and researchers to select a questionnaire that accurately reflect what are really meaningful to individuals. This short communication aimed to discuss the importance of use an appropriate checklist to select an instrument with a good methodological quality. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist was developed to provide tools for evidence-based instrument selection. The COSMIN checklist comprises ten boxes that evaluate whether a study meets the standard for good methodological quality and two additional boxes to meet studies that use the Item Response Theory method and general requirements for results generalization, resulting in four steps to be followed. In this way, it is required at least some expertise in psychometrics or clinimetrics to a wide-ranging use of this checklist. The COSMIN applications include its use to ensure the standardization of cross-cultural adaptations and safer comparisons between measurement studies and evaluation of methodological quality of systematic reviews of measurement properties. Also, it can be used by students when training about measurement properties and by editors and reviewers when revising manuscripts on this topic. The popularization of COSMIN checklist is therefore necessary to improve the selection and evaluation of health measurement instruments.

[Governance of HIV/AIDS organizations in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)].

PubMed

Sanon, Anselme; Berthé, Abdramane; Traoré, Isidore; Ouédraogo, Salif; Etoudji, Albert; Konaté, Issouf; Thiénou, Jean Richard; Konaté, Blahima; Barbari, Aboubaracri; Soulama, Achille; Nagot, Nicolas

2014-01-01

Although HIV/AIDS organizations continue to play a major role in the fight against pandemic HIV infections, they are still faced with enormous governance challenges that impair their operations / interventions and their sustainability. The objective of this study was to develop an inventory of the quality of governance within HIV/AIDS organizations in Bobo-Dioulasso. This qualitative research was conducted in 40 organizations from Bobo-Dioulasso. Qualitative data were collected over a 45-day period using an interview guide. Thematic analysis of the data was performed and the results were reported. Although all 40 organizations had established good governance mechanisms, only fifteen complied with the major rules of democratic functioning and the roles of the various bodies. The majority of these organizations (29/40) ignored many democratic rules. The number of members required for the Executive Board was not met in 29/40 organizations resulting in monopolization of decision-making by a handful of people. Technical and financial reports were not published, resulting in limited access to information on the organization's activities. Gender equality also constituted a weakness. Application of good governance principles was limited in these organizations. Organization members, leaders and technical and financial partners must reinforce good governance efforts in order to improve good governance in these organizations.

Expert system application education project

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gonzelez, Avelino J.; Ragusa, James M.

1988-01-01

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology, and in particular expert systems, has shown potential applicability in many areas of operation at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC). In an era of limited resources, the early identification of good expert system applications, and their segregation from inappropriate ones can result in a more efficient use of available NASA resources. On the other hand, the education of students in a highly technical area such as AI requires an extensive hands-on effort. The nature of expert systems is such that proper sample applications for the educational process are difficult to find. A pilot project between NASA-KSC and the University of Central Florida which was designed to simultaneously address the needs of both institutions at a minimum cost. This project, referred to as Expert Systems Prototype Training Project (ESPTP), provided NASA with relatively inexpensive development of initial prototype versions of certain applications. University students likewise benefit by having expertise on a non-trivial problem accessible to them at no cost. Such expertise is indispensible in a hands-on training approach to developing expert systems.

High-refractive index polyacrylates based on quinolinone-structures for intraocular lenses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dams, Christian; Helmstetter, Simon; Hampp, Norbert

2017-02-01

Intraocular lenses (IOL) have experienced an expanding application over the last decades. Not only they can be used to cure cataract caused blindness, but they are also appointed to ease visual impairments (e.g. -18 - 10 dioptre or astigmatism).[1] These phake IOL require materials with very high refractive indices due to the limited space at the implanting position in the eye of the patient. This enables less invasive operations and such with smaller incisions.[2] Quinolinone derivates, like carbostyril, are currently known from drug design and as a main structural component of several antibiotics.[3] Although they show high refractive indices and good dispersions they have not yet been used in materials for ophthalmic applications. We synthesized and characterized novel high refractive index polymers containing quinolinones as the main refractive unit of the structure.[4] We showed that it was possible to build quinolinone polymers with high refractive indices up to 1.685 at 589 nm. Using this material it would theoretically be possible to reduce the lens thickness of an IOL to under 40 percent compared to a commercial hydrogel lens with a refractive index of 1.470. We also used the synthesized quinolinone acrylates to create hydrophobic copolymers with improved physical properties and high transmission in the visible spectral range. Besides the good lightfastness these copolymers also showed very low tendencies of glistening. In conclusion quinolinones show attractive performances for the usage as a component in acrylic copolymers. If the requirements for IOL keep rising in the coming years these monomers could be used to boost the refractive index of ophthalmic polymer compositions.

Numerical and Experimental Study of Ti6Al4V Components Manufactured Using Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zielinski, Jonas; Mindt, Hans-Wilfried; Düchting, Jan; Schleifenbaum, Johannes Henrich; Megahed, Mustafa

2017-12-01

Powder bed fusion additive manufacturing of titanium alloys is an interesting manufacturing route for many applications requiring high material strength combined with geometric complexity. Managing powder bed fusion challenges, including porosity, surface finish, distortions and residual stresses of as-built material, is the key to bringing the advantages of this process to production main stream. This paper discusses the application of experimental and numerical analysis towards optimizing the manufacturing process of a demonstration component. Powder characterization including assessment of the reusability, assessment of material consolidation and process window optimization is pursued prior to applying the identified optima to study the distortion and residual stresses of the demonstrator. Comparisons of numerical predictions with measurements show good correlations along the complete numerical chain.

Study of natural organic dyes as active material for fabrication of organic light emitting diodes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sánchez Juárez, A.; Castillo, D.; Guaman, A.; Espinosa, S.; Obregón, D.

2016-09-01

The scientific community and some sectors of industry have been working with organic dyes for successful applications in OLED's, OSC's, however, most of the used dyes and pigments are synthetic. In this work is investigated the use of natural dyes for its application in organic light emitting diodes, some of the studied species are chili, blackberry, guayacan flower, cochinilla, tree tomato, capuli, etc. In this study the dyes are deposited by direct deposition and SOL-GEL process doped with the natural organic dye, both methods show good performance and lower fabrication costs for dye extraction, this represents a new alternative for the fabrication of OLED devices with low requirements in technology. Most representative results are presented for Dactylopius Coccus Costa (cochinilla) and raphanus sativus' skin.

New applications and developments in the neutron shielding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Uğur, Fatma Aysun

2017-09-01

Shielding neutrons involve three steps that are slowing neutrons, absorption of neutrons, and impregnation of gamma rays. Neutrons slow down with thermal energy by hydrogen, water, paraffin, plastic. Hydrogenated materials are also very effective for the absorption of neutrons. Gamma rays are produced by neutron (radiation) retention on the neutron shield, inelastic scattering, and degradation of activation products. If a source emits gamma rays at various energies, high-energy gamma rays sometimes specify shielding requirements. Multipurpose Materials for Neutron Shields; Concrete, especially with barium mixed in, can slow and absorb the neutrons, and shield the gamma rays. Plastic with boron is also a good multipurpose shielding material. In this study; new applications and developments in the area of neutron shielding will be discussed in terms of different materials.

siGnum: graphical user interface for EMG signal analysis.

PubMed

Kaur, Manvinder; Mathur, Shilpi; Bhatia, Dinesh; Verma, Suresh

2015-01-01

Electromyography (EMG) signals that represent the electrical activity of muscles can be used for various clinical and biomedical applications. These are complicated and highly varying signals that are dependent on anatomical location and physiological properties of the muscles. EMG signals acquired from the muscles require advanced methods for detection, decomposition and processing. This paper proposes a novel Graphical User Interface (GUI) siGnum developed in MATLAB that will apply efficient and effective techniques on processing of the raw EMG signals and decompose it in a simpler manner. It could be used independent of MATLAB software by employing a deploy tool. This would enable researcher's to gain good understanding of EMG signal and its analysis procedures that can be utilized for more powerful, flexible and efficient applications in near future.

Preparation of Ga-doped ZnO films by pulsed dc magnetron sputtering with cylindrical rotating target for thin film solar cell applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shin, Beom-Ki; Lee, Tae-Il; Park, Ji-Hyeon; Park, Kang-Il; Ahn, Kyung-Jun; Park, Sung-Kee; Lee, Woong; Myoung, Jae-Min

2011-11-01

Applicability of Ga-doped ZnO (GZO) films for thin film solar cells (TFSCs) was investigated by preparing GZO films via pulsed dc magnetron sputtering (PDMS) with rotating target. The GZO films showed improved crystallinity and increasing degree of Ga doping with increasing thickness to a limit of 1000 nm. The films also fulfilled requirements for the transparent electrodes of TFSCs in terms of electrical and optical properties. Moreover, the films exhibited good texturing potential based on etching studies with diluted HCl, which yielded an improved light trapping capability without significant degradation in electrical propreties. It is therefore suggested that the surface-textured GZO films prepared via PDMS and etching are promising candidates for indium-free transparent electrodes for TFSCs.

Evaluation of a high power inverter for potential space applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Guynes, B. V.; Lanier, J. R., Jr.

1976-01-01

The ADM-006 inverter discussed utilizes a unique method of using power switching circuits to produce three-phase low harmonic content voltages without any significant filtering. This method is referred to as the power center approach to inverter design and is explained briefly. The results are presented of tests performed by MSFC to evaluate inverter performance, especially when required to provide power to nonlinear loads such as half or full wave rectified loads with capacitive filtering. Test preocedures and results are described. These tests show that the power center inverter essentially met or exceeded all of claims excluding voltage regulation (3.9 percent versus specified 3.3 percent) and would be a good candidate for high power inverter applications such as may be found on Space Station, Spacelab, etc.

75 FR 57266 - Idaho Power Company; Notice of Application for Amendment of License and Soliciting Comments...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-20

...) is located on the Snake River in Gooding, Twin Falls and Elmore Counties, Idaho. The Lower Salmon Falls Project (P-2061) is located on the Snake River in Gooding and Twin Falls Counties, Idaho. Both.... Locations of the Application: A copy of the application is available for inspection and reproduction at the...

The "Good Faith" Requirement in School Desegregation Cases.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patin, Charles L., Jr.; Gordon, William M.

The good-faith requirement in school desegregation was initially discussed by the United States Supreme Court in "Brown II." However, it was not until recently, in "Freeman v. Pitts," that the Court was to provide a definitive statement as to the meaning of the requirement, indicate the need for specific findings with respect…

48 CFR 52.225-24 - Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Buy American Statute...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Buy American Statute-Construction Materials Under Trade....225-24 Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods—Buy American Statute...: Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods—Buy American Statute—Construction...

Rectilinear six-dimensional ionization cooling channel for a muon collider: A theoretical and numerical study

DOE PAGES

Stratakis, Diktys; Palmer, Robert B.

2015-03-06

A Muon Collider requires a reduction of the six-dimensional emittance of the captured muon beam by several orders of magnitude. In this study, we describe a novel rectilinear cooling scheme that should meet this requirement. First, we present the conceptual design of our proposed scheme wherein we detail its basic features. Then, we establish the theoretical framework to predict and evaluate the performance of ionization cooling channels and discuss its application to our specific case. In conclusion, we present the first end-to-end simulation of 6D cooling for a Muon Collider and show a notable reduction of the 6D emittance bymore » five orders of magnitude. We find good agreement between simulation and theory.« less

A sustainable genetic algorithm for satellite resource allocation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abbott, R. J.; Campbell, M. L.; Krenz, W. C.

1995-01-01

A hybrid genetic algorithm is used to schedule tasks for 8 satellites, which can be modelled as a robot whose task is to retrieve objects from a two dimensional field. The objective is to find a schedule that maximizes the value of objects retrieved. Typical of the real-world tasks to which this corresponds is the scheduling of ground contacts for a communications satellite. An important feature of our application is that the amount of time available for running the scheduler is not necessarily known in advance. This requires that the scheduler produce reasonably good results after a short period but that it also continue to improve its results if allowed to run for a longer period. We satisfy this requirement by developing what we call a sustainable genetic algorithm.

Feasibility study on the use of groupware support for NASA source evaluation boards

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bishop, Peter C.; Yoes, Cissy

1991-01-01

Groupware is a class of computer based systems that support groups engaged in a common task (or goal) and that provide an interface to a shared environment. A potential application for groupware is the source evaluation board (SEB) process used in the procurement of government contracts. This study was undertaken to (1) identify parts of the SEB process which are candidates for groupware supports; and (2) identify tools which could be used to support the candidate process. Two processes of the SEB were identified as good candidates for groupware support: (1) document generation - a coordination and communication process required to present and document the findings of an SEB; and (2) group decision making - a highly analytical and integrative decision process requiring a clear and supportable outcome.

Mapping TES Temperature Sensitivity and Current Sensitivity as a Function of Temperature, Current, and Magnetic Field with IV Curve and Complex Admittance Measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Y.; Ambarish, C. V.; Gruenke, R.; Jaeckel, F. T.; Kripps, K. L.; McCammon, D.; Morgan, K. M.; Wulf, D.; Zhang, S.; Adams, J. S.; Bandler, S. R.; Chervenak, J. A.; Datesman, A. M.; Eckart, M. E.; Ewin, A. J.; Finkbeiner, F. M.; Kelley, R. L.; Kilbourne, C. A.; Miniussi, A. R.; Porter, F. S.; Sadleir, J. E.; Sakai, K.; Smith, S. J.; Wakeham, N. A.; Wassell, E. J.; Yoon, W.

2018-05-01

We have specialized astronomical applications for X-ray microcalorimeters with superconducting transition edge sensors (TESs) that require exceptionally good TES performance, but which operate in the small-signal regime. We have therefore begun a program to carefully characterize the entire transition surface of TESs with and without the usual zebra stripes to see if there are reproducible local "sweet spots" where the performance is much better than average. These measurements require precise knowledge of the circuit parameters. Here, we show how the Shapiro effect can be used to precisely calibrate the value of the shunt resistor. We are also investigating the effects of stress and external magnetic fields to better understand reproducibility problems.

Self-Powered Adaptive Switched Architecture Storage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

El Mahboubi, F.; Bafleur, M.; Boitier, V.; Alvarez, A.; Colomer, J.; Miribel, P.; Dilhac, J.-M.

2016-11-01

Ambient energy harvesting coupled to storage is a way to improve the autonomy of wireless sensors networks. Moreover, in some applications with harsh environment or when a long service lifetime is required, the use of batteries is prohibited. Ultra-capacitors provide in this case a good alternative for energy storage. Such storage must comply with the following requirements: a sufficient voltage during the initial charge must be rapidly reached, a significant amount of energy should be stored and the unemployed residual energy must be minimised at discharge. To answer these apparently contradictory criteria, we propose a selfadaptive switched architecture consisting of a matrix of switched ultra-capacitors. We present the results of a self-powered adaptive prototype that shows the improvement in terms of charge time constant, energy utilization rate and then energy autonomy.

Comparison between the impacts of two different modes of salicylic acid application on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) responses to salinity.

PubMed

Gharbi, E; Lutts, S; Dailly, H; Quinet, M

2018-06-26

Exogenous application of salicylic acid may improve tolerance to salinity. To investigate whether exogenous salicylic acid application had similar protective effects when applied as a priming agent or concomitantly with NaCl, tomato seedlings primed or not with 10 µM salicylic acid were further treated with 125 mM NaCl, 10 µM salicylic acid or combined treatments. Both priming and concomitant application of salicylic acid increased plant growth of salt-stressed plants but their positive impact was not additive. The endogenous salicylic acid concentration increased in the leaves after concomitant application but not in response to priming, suggesting that salicylic acid accumulated during priming was metabolized subsequently. Priming increased Na + and K + accumulation in leaves of salt-treated plants while concomitant application had no impact on shoot Na + and K + accumulation. Both priming and concomitant salicylic acid decreased osmotic potential values in salt-treated plants. Carbon isotope discrimination showed that combination of both salicylic acid application methods were required to maintain a good water use efficiency in salt-treated plants. Our work demonstrated that both procedures of salicylic acid application have positive impact on salt resistance but that the underlying properties sustaining these adaptations differ according to application methods.

Molecule database framework: a framework for creating database applications with chemical structure search capability

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background Research in organic chemistry generates samples of novel chemicals together with their properties and other related data. The involved scientists must be able to store this data and search it by chemical structure. There are commercial solutions for common needs like chemical registration systems or electronic lab notebooks. However for specific requirements of in-house databases and processes no such solutions exist. Another issue is that commercial solutions have the risk of vendor lock-in and may require an expensive license of a proprietary relational database management system. To speed up and simplify the development for applications that require chemical structure search capabilities, I have developed Molecule Database Framework. The framework abstracts the storing and searching of chemical structures into method calls. Therefore software developers do not require extensive knowledge about chemistry and the underlying database cartridge. This decreases application development time. Results Molecule Database Framework is written in Java and I created it by integrating existing free and open-source tools and frameworks. The core functionality includes: • Support for multi-component compounds (mixtures) • Import and export of SD-files • Optional security (authorization) For chemical structure searching Molecule Database Framework leverages the capabilities of the Bingo Cartridge for PostgreSQL and provides type-safe searching, caching, transactions and optional method level security. Molecule Database Framework supports multi-component chemical compounds (mixtures). Furthermore the design of entity classes and the reasoning behind it are explained. By means of a simple web application I describe how the framework could be used. I then benchmarked this example application to create some basic performance expectations for chemical structure searches and import and export of SD-files. Conclusions By using a simple web application it was shown that Molecule Database Framework successfully abstracts chemical structure searches and SD-File import and export to simple method calls. The framework offers good search performance on a standard laptop without any database tuning. This is also due to the fact that chemical structure searches are paged and cached. Molecule Database Framework is available for download on the projects web page on bitbucket: https://bitbucket.org/kienerj/moleculedatabaseframework. PMID:24325762

Molecule database framework: a framework for creating database applications with chemical structure search capability.

PubMed

Kiener, Joos

2013-12-11

Research in organic chemistry generates samples of novel chemicals together with their properties and other related data. The involved scientists must be able to store this data and search it by chemical structure. There are commercial solutions for common needs like chemical registration systems or electronic lab notebooks. However for specific requirements of in-house databases and processes no such solutions exist. Another issue is that commercial solutions have the risk of vendor lock-in and may require an expensive license of a proprietary relational database management system. To speed up and simplify the development for applications that require chemical structure search capabilities, I have developed Molecule Database Framework. The framework abstracts the storing and searching of chemical structures into method calls. Therefore software developers do not require extensive knowledge about chemistry and the underlying database cartridge. This decreases application development time. Molecule Database Framework is written in Java and I created it by integrating existing free and open-source tools and frameworks. The core functionality includes:•Support for multi-component compounds (mixtures)•Import and export of SD-files•Optional security (authorization)For chemical structure searching Molecule Database Framework leverages the capabilities of the Bingo Cartridge for PostgreSQL and provides type-safe searching, caching, transactions and optional method level security. Molecule Database Framework supports multi-component chemical compounds (mixtures).Furthermore the design of entity classes and the reasoning behind it are explained. By means of a simple web application I describe how the framework could be used. I then benchmarked this example application to create some basic performance expectations for chemical structure searches and import and export of SD-files. By using a simple web application it was shown that Molecule Database Framework successfully abstracts chemical structure searches and SD-File import and export to simple method calls. The framework offers good search performance on a standard laptop without any database tuning. This is also due to the fact that chemical structure searches are paged and cached. Molecule Database Framework is available for download on the projects web page on bitbucket: https://bitbucket.org/kienerj/moleculedatabaseframework.

GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR GOOD PRACTICES IN HOSPITAL-BASED HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT UNITS.

PubMed

Sampietro-Colom, Laura; Lach, Krzysztof; Pasternack, Iris; Wasserfallen, Jean-Blaise; Cicchetti, Americo; Marchetti, Marco; Kidholm, Kristian; Arentz-Hansen, Helene; Rosenmöller, Magdalene; Wild, Claudia; Kahveci, Rabia; Ulst, Margus

2015-01-01

Health technology assessment (HTA) carried out for policy decision making has well-established principles unlike hospital-based HTA (HB-HTA), which differs from the former in the context characteristics and ways of operation. This study proposes principles for good practices in HB-HTA units. A framework for good practice criteria was built inspired by the EFQM excellence business model and information from six literature reviews, 107 face-to-face interviews, forty case studies, large-scale survey, focus group, Delphi survey, as well as local and international validation. In total, 385 people from twenty countries have participated in defining the principles for good practices in HB-HTA units. Fifteen guiding principles for good practices in HB-HTA units are grouped in four dimensions. Dimension 1 deals with principles of the assessment process aimed at providing contextualized information for hospital decision makers. Dimension 2 describes leadership, strategy and partnerships of HB-HTA units which govern and facilitate the assessment process. Dimension 3 focuses on adequate resources that ensure the operation of HB-HTA units. Dimension 4 deals with measuring the short- and long-term impact of the overall performance of HB-HTA units. Finally, nine core guiding principles were selected as essential requirements for HB-HTA units based on the expertise of the HB-HTA units participating in the project. Guiding principles for good practices set up a benchmark for HB-HTA because they represent the ideal performance of HB-HTA units; nevertheless, when performing HTA at hospital level, context also matters; therefore, they should be adapted to ensure their applicability in the local context.

Embedded Hyperchaotic Generators: A Comparative Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sadoudi, Said; Tanougast, Camel; Azzaz, Mohamad Salah; Dandache, Abbas

In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of FPGA implementation performances, in terms of throughput and resources cost, of five well known autonomous continuous hyperchaotic systems. The goal of this analysis is to identify the embedded hyperchaotic generator which leads to designs with small logic area cost, satisfactory throughput rates, low power consumption and low latency required for embedded applications such as secure digital communications between embedded systems. To implement the four-dimensional (4D) chaotic systems, we use a new structural hardware architecture based on direct VHDL description of the forth order Runge-Kutta method (RK-4). The comparative analysis shows that the hyperchaotic Lorenz generator provides attractive performances compared to that of others. In fact, its hardware implementation requires only 2067 CLB-slices, 36 multipliers and no block RAMs, and achieves a throughput rate of 101.6 Mbps, at the output of the FPGA circuit, at a clock frequency of 25.315 MHz with a low latency time of 316 ns. Consequently, these good implementation performances offer to the embedded hyperchaotic Lorenz generator the advantage of being the best candidate for embedded communications applications.

Triroc: A Multi-Channel SiPM Read-Out ASIC for PET/PET-ToF Application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ahmad, Salleh; Fleury, Julien; de la Taille, Christophe; Seguin-Moreau, Nathalie; Dulucq, Frederic; Martin-Chassard, Gisele; Callier, Stephane; Thienpont, Damien; Raux, Ludovic

2015-06-01

Triroc is the latest addition to SiPM readout ASICs family developed at Weeroc, a start-up company from the Omega microelectronics group of IN2P3/CNRS. This chip is developed under the framework TRIMAGE European project which is aimed for building a cost effective tri-modal PET/MR/EEG brain scan. To ensure the flexibility and compatibility with any SiPM in the market, the ASIC is designed to be capable of accepting negative and positive polarity input signals. This 64-channel ASIC, is suitable for SiPM readout which requires high accuracy timing and charge measurements. Targeted applications would be PET prototyping with time-of-flight capability. Main features of Triroc includes high dynamic range ADC up to 2500 photoelectrons and TDC fine time binning of 40 ps. Triroc requires very minimal external components which means it is a good contender for compact multichannel PET prototyping. Triroc is designed by using AMS 0.35 μm SiGe technology and it was submitted in March 2014. The detail design of this chip will be presented.

Microcarrier-based platforms for in vitro expansion and differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells in bioreactor culture systems.

PubMed

Badenes, Sara M; Fernandes, Tiago G; Rodrigues, Carlos A V; Diogo, Maria Margarida; Cabral, Joaquim M S

2016-09-20

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) have attracted a great attention as an unlimited source of cells for cell therapies and other in vitro biomedical applications such as drug screening, toxicology assays and disease modeling. The implementation of scalable culture platforms for the large-scale production of hPSC and their derivatives is mandatory to fulfill the requirement of obtaining large numbers of cells for these applications. Microcarrier technology has been emerging as an effective approach for the large scale ex vivo hPSC expansion and differentiation. This review presents recent achievements in hPSC microcarrier-based culture systems and discusses the crucial aspects that influence the performance of these culture platforms. Recent progress includes addressing chemically-defined culture conditions for manufacturing of hPSC and their derivatives, with the development of xeno-free media and microcarrier coatings to meet good manufacturing practice (GMP) quality requirements. Finally, examples of integrated platforms including hPSC expansion and directed differentiation to specific lineages are also presented in this review. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

From global circulation to flood loss: Coupling models across the scales

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Felder, Guido; Gomez-Navarro, Juan Jose; Bozhinova, Denica; Zischg, Andreas; Raible, Christoph C.; Ole, Roessler; Martius, Olivia; Weingartner, Rolf

2017-04-01

The prediction and the prevention of flood losses requires an extensive understanding of underlying meteorological, hydrological, hydraulic and damage processes. Coupled models help to improve the understanding of such underlying processes and therefore contribute the understanding of flood risk. Using such a modelling approach to determine potentially flood-affected areas and damages requires a complex coupling between several models operating at different spatial and temporal scales. Although the isolated parts of the single modelling components are well established and commonly used in the literature, a full coupling including a mesoscale meteorological model driven by a global circulation one, a hydrologic model, a hydrodynamic model and a flood impact and loss model has not been reported so far. In the present study, we tackle the application of such a coupled model chain in terms of computational resources, scale effects, and model performance. From a technical point of view, results show the general applicability of such a coupled model, as well as good model performance. From a practical point of view, such an approach enables the prediction of flood-induced damages, although some future challenges have been identified.

Direct transfer of graphene onto flexible substrates.

PubMed

Martins, Luiz G P; Song, Yi; Zeng, Tingying; Dresselhaus, Mildred S; Kong, Jing; Araujo, Paulo T

2013-10-29

In this paper we explore the direct transfer via lamination of chemical vapor deposition graphene onto different flexible substrates. The transfer method investigated here is fast, simple, and does not require an intermediate transfer membrane, such as polymethylmethacrylate, which needs to be removed afterward. Various substrates of general interest in research and industry were studied in this work, including polytetrafluoroethylene filter membranes, PVC, cellulose nitrate/cellulose acetate filter membranes, polycarbonate, paraffin, polyethylene terephthalate, paper, and cloth. By comparing the properties of these substrates, two critical factors to ensure a successful transfer on bare substrates were identified: the substrate's hydrophobicity and good contact between the substrate and graphene. For substrates that do not satisfy those requirements, polymethylmethacrylate can be used as a surface modifier or glue to ensure successful transfer. Our results can be applied to facilitate current processes and open up directions for applications of chemical vapor deposition graphene on flexible substrates. A broad range of applications can be envisioned, including fabrication of graphene devices for opto/organic electronics, graphene membranes for gas/liquid separation, and ubiquitous electronics with graphene.

Direct transfer of graphene onto flexible substrates

PubMed Central

Martins, Luiz G. P.; Song, Yi; Zeng, Tingying; Dresselhaus, Mildred S.; Kong, Jing; Araujo, Paulo T.

2013-01-01

In this paper we explore the direct transfer via lamination of chemical vapor deposition graphene onto different flexible substrates. The transfer method investigated here is fast, simple, and does not require an intermediate transfer membrane, such as polymethylmethacrylate, which needs to be removed afterward. Various substrates of general interest in research and industry were studied in this work, including polytetrafluoroethylene filter membranes, PVC, cellulose nitrate/cellulose acetate filter membranes, polycarbonate, paraffin, polyethylene terephthalate, paper, and cloth. By comparing the properties of these substrates, two critical factors to ensure a successful transfer on bare substrates were identified: the substrate’s hydrophobicity and good contact between the substrate and graphene. For substrates that do not satisfy those requirements, polymethylmethacrylate can be used as a surface modifier or glue to ensure successful transfer. Our results can be applied to facilitate current processes and open up directions for applications of chemical vapor deposition graphene on flexible substrates. A broad range of applications can be envisioned, including fabrication of graphene devices for opto/organic electronics, graphene membranes for gas/liquid separation, and ubiquitous electronics with graphene. PMID:24127582

Epitaxy of Ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE) Films via Removable PTFE Templates and Its Application in Semiconducting/Ferroelectric Blend Resistive Memory.

PubMed

Xia, Wei; Peter, Christian; Weng, Junhui; Zhang, Jian; Kliem, Herbert; Jiang, Yulong; Zhu, Guodong

2017-04-05

Ferroelectric polymer based devices exhibit great potentials in low-cost and flexible electronics. To meet the requirements of both low voltage operation and low energy consumption, thickness of ferroelectric polymer films is usually required to be less than, for example, 100 nm. However, decrease of film thickness is also accompanied by the degradation of both crystallinity and ferroelectricity and also the increase of current leakage, which surely degrades device performance. Here we report one epitaxy method based on removable poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) templates for high-quality fabrication of ordered ferroelectric polymer thin films. Experimental results indicate that such epitaxially grown ferroelectric polymer films exhibit well improved crystallinity, reduced current leakage and good resistance to electrical breakdown, implying their applications in high-performance and low voltage operated ferroelectric devices. On the basis of this removable PTFE template method, we fabricated organic semiconducting/ferroelectric blend resistive films which presented record electrical performance with operation voltage as low as 5 V and ON/OFF ratio up to 10 5 .

Fabric strain sensor integrated with CNPECs for repeated large deformation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yi, Weijing

Flexible and soft strain sensors that can be used in smart textiles for wearable applications are much desired. They should meet the requirements of low modulus, large working range and good fatigue resistance as well as good sensing performances. However, there were no commercial products available and the objective of the thesis is to investigate fabric strain sensors based on carbon nanoparticle (CNP) filled elastomer composites (CNPECs) for potential wearing applications. Conductive CNPECs were fabricated and investigated. The introduction of silicone oil (SO) significantly decreased modulus of the composites to less than 1 MPa without affecting their deformability and they showed good stability after heat treatment. With increase of CNP concentration, a percolation appeared in electrical resistivity and the composites can be divided into three ranges. I-V curves and impedance spectra together with electro-mechanical studies demonstrated a balance between sensitivity and working range for the composites with CNP concentrations in post percolation range, and were preferred for sensing applications only if the fatigue life was improved. Due to the good elasticity and failure resist property of knitted fabric under repeated extension, it was adopted as substrate to increase the fatigue life of the conductive composites. After optimization of processing parameters, the conductive fabric with CNP concentration of 9.0CNP showed linear I-V curves when voltage is in the range of -1 V/mm and 1 V/mm and negligible capacitive behavior when frequency below 103 Hz even with strain of 60%. It showed higher sensitivity due to the combination of nonlinear resistance-strain behavior of the CNPECs and non-even strain distribution of knitted fabric under extension. The fatigue life of the conductive fabric was greatly improved. Extended on the studies of CNPECs and the coated conductive fabrics, a fabric strain sensor was designed, fabricated and packaged. The Young's modulus of the packaged fabric strain sensor was less than 1 MPa; the strain gauge factor was 4.76 within the strain range of 0-40% and the hysteresis was 5.5%; the resistance relaxation was 5.56% with a constant strain of 40%; the fatigue life of the sensor was more than 100,000 cycles.

NASA Handbook for Models and Simulations: An Implementation Guide for NASA-STD-7009

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Steele, Martin J.

2013-01-01

The purpose of this Handbook is to provide technical information, clarification, examples, processes, and techniques to help institute good modeling and simulation practices in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). As a companion guide to NASA-STD- 7009, Standard for Models and Simulations, this Handbook provides a broader scope of information than may be included in a Standard and promotes good practices in the production, use, and consumption of NASA modeling and simulation products. NASA-STD-7009 specifies what a modeling and simulation activity shall or should do (in the requirements) but does not prescribe how the requirements are to be met, which varies with the specific engineering discipline, or who is responsible for complying with the requirements, which depends on the size and type of project. A guidance document, which is not constrained by the requirements of a Standard, is better suited to address these additional aspects and provide necessary clarification. This Handbook stems from the Space Shuttle Columbia Accident Investigation (2003), which called for Agency-wide improvements in the "development, documentation, and operation of models and simulations"' that subsequently elicited additional guidance from the NASA Office of the Chief Engineer to include "a standard method to assess the credibility of the models and simulations."2 General methods applicable across the broad spectrum of model and simulation (M&S) disciplines were sought to help guide the modeling and simulation processes within NASA and to provide for consistent reporting ofM&S activities and analysis results. From this, the standardized process for the M&S activity was developed. The major contents of this Handbook are the implementation details of the general M&S requirements ofNASA-STD-7009, including explanations, examples, and suggestions for improving the credibility assessment of an M&S-based analysis.

Advancements and challenges in crosshole GPR full-waveform inversion for hydrological applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klotzsche, A.; Van Der Kruk, J.; Vereecken, H.

2016-12-01

Crosshole ground penetrating radar (GPR) full-waveform inversion (FWI) demonstrated over the last decade a high potential to detect, map, and resolve decimeter-small-scale structures within aquifers. GPR FWI uses Maxwell's equations to find a model that fits the measurements with the entire measured waveform. One big advantage is that by applying one method, we can derive two soil properties: dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity. Both parameters are sensitive to different soil properties such as soil water content and porosity, or, clay content. Hence, an improved characterization of the critical zone is possible. The application of the FWI to aquifers in Germany, Switzerland, Denmark, and USA showed for all sites improved and higher resolution images than standard ray-based methods and provided new insights in the aquifers' structures. Furthermore, small-scale high contrast layers caused by changes in porosity were characterize and enhanced our understanding of the electromagnetic wave propagation related to these features. However, to obtain reliable and accurate inversion results from experimental data and hence porosity estimates, many detailed steps in acquiring the data, pre-processing and inverting the data need to be carefully followed. Here, we provide an overview of recent developments and advancements of the 2D crosshole GPR FWI that provide improved inversion results for permittivity and electrical conductivity. In addition, we will provide guidelines and point out important challenges and pitfalls that can occur during the inversion of experimental data. We will illustrate the necessary steps that are required to achieve reliable FWI results, which are indicated by e.g. a good fit of the measured and modelled traces, and, absence of a remaining gradient for the final models. Important requirements for a successful application are an accurate time zero correction, good starting models for the FWI, and, a well-estimated source wavelet.

Mobile PHRs compliance with Android and iOS usability guidelines.

PubMed

Cruz Zapata, Belén; Hernández Niñirola, Antonio; Idri, Ali; Fernández-Alemán, José Luis; Toval, Ambrosio

2014-08-01

Mobile Personal Health Records (PHRs) have achieved a particularly strong market share since the appearance of more powerful mobile devices and popular worldwide mobile application markets such as Apple's App Store and Android's Google Play. However, Android and Apple have a set of recommendations on design and usability targeted towards developers who wish to publish apps in their stores: Android Design Guidelines and iOS Human Interface Guidelines. This paper aims to evaluate compliance with these guidelines by assessing the usability recommendations of a set of 24 selected mobile PHR applications. An analysis process based on a well-known Systematic Literature Review (SLR) protocol was used. The results show that the 24 mobile PHR applications studied are not suitably structured. 46 % of these applications do not use any of the recommended patterns, using instead lists or springboards, which are deprecated patterns for top-level menus. 70 % of the PHRs require a registration to be able to test the application when these interactions should be delayed. Our study will help both PHR users to select user-friendly mobile PHRs and PHR providers and developers to identify the good usability practices implemented by the applications with the highest scores.

ZERODUR TAILORED for cryogenic application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jedamzik, R.; Westerhoff, T.

2014-07-01

ZERODUR® glass ceramic from SCHOTT is known for its very low thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) at room temperature and its excellent CTE homogeneity. It is widely used for ground-based astronomical mirrors but also for satellite applications. Many reference application demonstrate the excellent and long lasting performance of ZERODUR® components in orbit. For space application a low CTE of the mirror material is required at cryogenic temperatures together with a good match of the thermal expansion to the supporting structure material. It is possible to optimize the coefficient of thermal expansion of ZERODUR® for cryogenic applications. This paper reports on measurements of thermal expansion of ZERODUR® down to cryogenic temperatures of 10 K performed by the PTB (Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstallt, Braunschweig, Germany, the national metrology laboratory). The ZERODUR® TAILORED CRYO presented in this paper has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion down to 70 K. The maximum absolute integrated thermal expansion down to 10 K is only about 20 ppm. Mirror blanks made from ZERODUR® TAILORED CRYO can be light weighted to almost 90% with our modern processing technologies. With ZERODUR® TAILORED CRYO, SCHOTT offers the mirror blank material for the next generation of space telescope applications.

Prospects for application of post-consumer used plastics in food packaging.

PubMed

Miltz, J; Ram, A; Nir, M M

1997-01-01

The two most widely used polymers in packaging in recent years are polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE). The biggest fractions of these polymers are not re-utilized, in spite of the fact that they possess excellent properties even after their first application. The ban on using recycled polymers in food packaging applications and the lack of good value outlets for these materials causes them to end up in landfills. The high cost nylon, used in packaging primarily as high gas barrier laminates with PE, also finds its way to landfills. In this case, the reason is the difficulty of recycling different polymers that are incompatible. Thus, the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) stream transferred to landfills contains many plastic packages. These packages are being blamed as a major pollutant of the environment in spite of the fact that all plastics contribute only a small percentage to the weight of the garbage in landfills. If proper and cost effective applications for the recycled polymers could be developed, the waste related to their disposal could be limited. In addition, the contribution of plastic packages to the environmental problem could be diminished. In the present paper, the possibility of sandwiching a contaminated PET layer between two layers of the virgin material was studied. The aim of the study was to determine whether such an operation could lower the migration level of contaminants from a multilayer structure (containing a recycled layer of PET) to values below the limits required by regulatory agencies. The diffusion coefficients (required to determine migration) of four organic liquids in PET were determined. As a result of the sandwiching operation, the amount of pollutant (toluene) migrating into the food simulant was reduced by two orders of magnitude. The properties of PE/nylon blends were also studied. It was found that the high gas barrier properties of nylon are preserved in the blend when proper processing conditions are used. Therefore, the recycled material could be used as a centre layer in a multilayer structure providing good gas barrier properties to this structure.

10 CFR Appendix B to Part 603 - Flow Down Requirements for Purchases of Goods and Services

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... B Appendix B to Part 603 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (CONTINUED) ASSISTANCE REGULATIONS TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS Pt. 603, App. B Appendix B to Part 603—Flow Down Requirements for Purchases of Goods... program performance. B. Appendix A to 10 CFR part 600, subpart D lists eight requirements that commonly...

48 CFR 52.225-24 - Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Buy American Act...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Buy American Act-Construction Materials Under Trade Agreements....225-24 Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods—Buy American Act...: Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods—Buy American Act—Construction...

Spatial properties of odd and even low order harmonics generated in gas.

PubMed

Lambert, G; Andreev, A; Gautier, J; Giannessi, L; Malka, V; Petralia, A; Sebban, S; Stremoukhov, S; Tissandier, F; Vodungbo, B; Zeitoun, Ph

2015-01-14

High harmonic generation in gases is developing rapidly as a soft X-ray femtosecond light-source for applications. This requires control over all the harmonics characteristics and in particular, spatial properties have to be kept very good. In previous literature, measurements have always included several harmonics contrary to applications, especially spectroscopic applications, which usually require a single harmonic. To fill this gap, we present here for the first time a detailed study of completely isolated harmonics. The contribution of the surrounding harmonics has been totally suppressed using interferential filtering which is available for low harmonic orders. In addition, this allows to clearly identify behaviors of standard odd orders from even orders obtained by frequency-mixing of a fundamental laser and of its second harmonic. Comparisons of the spatial intensity profiles, of the spatial coherence and of the wavefront aberration level of 5ω at 160 nm and 6ω at 135 nm have then been performed. We have established that the fundamental laser beam aberrations can cause the appearance of a non-homogenous donut-shape in the 6ω spatial intensity distribution. This undesirable effect can be easily controlled. We finally conclude that the spatial quality of an even harmonic can be as excellent as in standard generation.

In-situ ellipsometry: applications to thin film research, development, and production

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kief, Mark T.

1999-07-01

Many industries including the optics industry, semiconductor industry, and magnetic storage industry are deeply rooted in the science and technology of the film materials and thin film based devices. Research in novel thin film systems and the engineering of artificial structures increasingly requires a control on the atomic scale in both thickness and lateral order. Development of the deposition and fabrication processes for these thin film structures requires technical sophistication and efficiency combined with an understanding of the multi-faceted process interactions. The production of these materials necessitates a remarkable degree of control to minimize scrap and assure good performance. Furthermore, in today's industry these operations must occur at an ever accelerating pace. In this article, we will review one technique which can make these challenges more tractable-- insitu ellipsometry. This is a very powerful tool which is capable of characterizing thin film processes in real-time. We review the art and illustrate with novel applications to metal thin film growth. In addition, we will illustrate how information obtained with insitu ellipsometry can predict the end use thin film properties such as the transport properties. In conclusion, further advances in insitu ellipsometry and its applications will be discussed in terms of needs and trends as a tool for thin film research, development and production.

In-situ ellipsometry: applications to thin film research, development, and production

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kief, M. T.

1999-07-01

Many industries including the optics industry, semiconductor industry, and magnetic storage industry are deeply rooted in the science and technology of thin film materials and thin film based devices. Research in novel thin film systems and the engineering of artificial structures increasingly requires a control on the atomic scale in both thickness and lateral order. Development of the deposition and fabrication processes for these thin film structures requires technical sophistication and efficiency combined with an understanding of the multi-faceted process interactions. The production of these materials necessitates a remarkable degree of control to minimize scrap and assure good performance. Furthermore, in today's industry these operations must occur at an ever accelerating pace. In this article, we will review one technique which can make these challenges more tractable - insitu ellipsometry. This is a very powerful tool which is capable of characterizing thin film processes in real-time. We review the art and illustrate with novel applications to metal thin film growth. In addition, we will illustrate how information obtained with insitu ellipsometry can predict the end use thin film properties such as the transport properties. In conclusion, further advances in insitu ellipsometry and its applications will be discussed in terms of needs and trends as a tool for thin film research, development and production.

Design and develop a video conferencing framework for real-time telemedicine applications using secure group-based communication architecture.

PubMed

Mat Kiah, M L; Al-Bakri, S H; Zaidan, A A; Zaidan, B B; Hussain, Muzammil

2014-10-01

One of the applications of modern technology in telemedicine is video conferencing. An alternative to traveling to attend a conference or meeting, video conferencing is becoming increasingly popular among hospitals. By using this technology, doctors can help patients who are unable to physically visit hospitals. Video conferencing particularly benefits patients from rural areas, where good doctors are not always available. Telemedicine has proven to be a blessing to patients who have no access to the best treatment. A telemedicine system consists of customized hardware and software at two locations, namely, at the patient's and the doctor's end. In such cases, the video streams of the conferencing parties may contain highly sensitive information. Thus, real-time data security is one of the most important requirements when designing video conferencing systems. This study proposes a secure framework for video conferencing systems and a complete management solution for secure video conferencing groups. Java Media Framework Application Programming Interface classes are used to design and test the proposed secure framework. Real-time Transport Protocol over User Datagram Protocol is used to transmit the encrypted audio and video streams, and RSA and AES algorithms are used to provide the required security services. Results show that the encryption algorithm insignificantly increases the video conferencing computation time.

Mechanical Characterization of Baslat Based Natural Hybrid Composites for Aerospace Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alexander, J.; Elphej Churchill, S. J.

2017-05-01

Advanced composites have attracted aircraft designers due to its high strength to weight ratio, high stiffness to weight ratio, tailoring properties, hybridization of opposites etc. Moreover the cost reduction is also another important requirement of structural components. Basalt fibers are new entry in structural field which has excellent properties more or less equivalent to GFRP composites. Using these basalt fibres, new hybrid composites were developed by combining basalt fibres with natural fibres. The mechanical and thermal properties were determined and compared with BFRP and GFRP composites. Results proved that hybrid composites have some good qualities.

Propulsion system mathematical model for a lift/cruise fan V/STOL aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cole, G. L.; Sellers, J. F.; Tinling, B. E.

1980-01-01

A propulsion system mathematical model is documented that allows calculation of internal engine parameters during transient operation. A non-realtime digital computer simulation of the model is presented. It is used to investigate thrust response and modulation requirements as well as the impact of duty cycle on engine life and design criteria. Comparison of simulation results with steady-state cycle deck calculations showed good agreement. The model was developed for a specific 3-fan subsonic V/STOL aircraft application, but it can be adapted for use with any similar lift/cruise V/STOL configuration.

High-capacity and security molecular capsule transporters.

PubMed

Visessamit, Jakkapol; Kulsirirat, Kathawut; Yupapin, Preecha P

2015-01-01

Multiwavelength optical capsules can be generated and controlled by using soliton/Gaussian pulses within a nonlinear device system known as a "PANDA" ring circuit and system. The security of molecule/drug transportation can be formed by the strong coupling of soliton-like pulse, where the high-capacity optical capsules can be formed using the multiwavelength solitons, which can be a good advantage and combination of drug delivery to the required targets. Moreover, the multiple access of drug delivery can be formed using the optical networks, which allows the use of various drug molecules with variety of diagnosis and therapeutic applications.

Neural manufacturing: a novel concept for processing modeling, monitoring, and control

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fu, Chi Y.; Petrich, Loren; Law, Benjamin

1995-09-01

Semiconductor fabrication lines have become extremely costly, and achieving a good return from such a high capital investment requires efficient utilization of these expensive facilities. It is highly desirable to shorten processing development time, increase fabrication yield, enhance flexibility, improve quality, and minimize downtime. We propose that these ends can be achieved by applying recent advances in the areas of artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, machine learning, and genetic algorithms. We use the term neural manufacturing to describe such applications. This paper describes our use of artificial neural networks to improve the monitoring and control of semiconductor process.

Classification of remotely sensed data using OCR-inspired neural network techniques. [Optical Character Recognition

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kiang, Richard K.

1992-01-01

Neural networks have been applied to classifications of remotely sensed data with some success. To improve the performance of this approach, an examination was made of how neural networks are applied to the optical character recognition (OCR) of handwritten digits and letters. A three-layer, feedforward network, along with techniques adopted from OCR, was used to classify Landsat-4 Thematic Mapper data. Good results were obtained. To overcome the difficulties that are characteristic of remote sensing applications and to attain significant improvements in classification accuracy, a special network architecture may be required.

A High-Sensitivity Hydraulic Load Cell for Small Kitchen Appliances

PubMed Central

Pačnik, Roman; Novak, Franc

2010-01-01

In this paper we present a hydraulic load cell made from hydroformed metallic bellows. The load cell was designed for a small kitchen appliance with the weighing function integrated into the composite control and protection of the appliance. It is a simple, low-cost solution with small dimensions and represents an alternative to the existing hydraulic load cells in industrial use. A good non-linearity and a small hysteresis were achieved. The influence of temperature leads to an error of 7.5%, which can be compensated for by software to meet the requirements of the target application. PMID:22163665

Development and application of free pretreatment container steel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Y.; Liu, Y.; Han, B.; Wei, B.; Wang, S. Z.

2017-12-01

Due to economic and environmental advantages pre-treatment containers have good big development prospects, which can avoid shot blasting processes, and decrease the noise and dust pollution. By analyzing requirements of the container steel surface quality, target oxide scale structure of free pretreatment container steel has been determined. Trial process was carried out, and test results showed that the oxide scale achieved the desired objects, oxide scale with outer thin Fe3O4 layer and inner eutectoid α-Fe+Fe3O4. Salt spray test, second adhesion test, and modeling performance basically corroborated the container feasibility.

Surface modification of titanium and titanium alloys by ion implantation.

PubMed

Rautray, Tapash R; Narayanan, R; Kwon, Tae-Yub; Kim, Kyo-Han

2010-05-01

Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in biomedical devices and components, especially as hard tissue replacements as well as in cardiac and cardiovascular applications, because of their desirable properties, such as relatively low modulus, good fatigue strength, formability, machinability, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. However, titanium and its alloys cannot meet all of the clinical requirements. Therefore, to improve the biological, chemical, and mechanical properties, surface modification is often performed. In view of this, the current review casts new light on surface modification of titanium and titanium alloys by ion beam implantation. (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A high-sensitivity hydraulic load cell for small kitchen appliances.

PubMed

Pačnik, Roman; Novak, Franc

2010-01-01

In this paper we present a hydraulic load cell made from hydroformed metallic bellows. The load cell was designed for a small kitchen appliance with the weighing function integrated into the composite control and protection of the appliance. It is a simple, low-cost solution with small dimensions and represents an alternative to the existing hydraulic load cells in industrial use. A good non-linearity and a small hysteresis were achieved. The influence of temperature leads to an error of 7.5%, which can be compensated for by software to meet the requirements of the target application.

Petitioning process for irradiated foods and animal feeds in North America

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marcotte, Michelle; Kunstadt, Peter

1993-07-01

The lack of sufficient regulatory approvals continues to delay the commercial application of food irradiation in several countries. Often, the regulatory approval process itself appears too challenging and approvals are not even requested. We believe that petitions can be successful and want to encourage interested parties to submit good quality approval petitions to the regulatory authorities. The objective of this paper is to review petition requirements so that researchers and companies in other countries will be able to prepare petitions requesting approval for the import and sale of irradiated foods into North America.

Application of finite-element methods to dynamic analysis of flexible spatial and co-planar linkage systems, part 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dubowsky, Steven

1989-01-01

An approach is described to modeling the flexibility effects in spatial mechanisms and manipulator systems. The method is based on finite element representations of the individual links in the system. However, it should be noted that conventional finite element methods and software packages will not handle the highly nonlinear dynamic behavior of these systems which results form their changing geometry. In order to design high-performance lightweight systems and their control systems, good models of their dynamic behavior which include the effects of flexibility are required.

Mini and micro spectrometers pave the way to on-field advanced analytics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bouyé, Clémentine; Kolb, Hugo; d'Humières, Benoît.

2016-03-01

First introduced in the 1990's, miniature optical spectrometers were compact, portable devices brought on the market by the desire to move from time-consuming lab-based analyses to on-field and in situ measurements. This goal of getting spectroscopy into the hands of non-specialists is driving current technical and application developments, the ultimate goal being, in a far future, the integration of a spectrometer into a smartphone or any other smart device (tablet, watch, …). In this article, we present the results of our study on the evolution of the compact spectrometers market towards widespread industrial use and consumer applications. Presently, the main market of compact spectrometers remains academic labs. However, they have been adopted on some industrial applications such as optical source characterization (mainly laser and LEDs). In a near future, manufacturers of compact spectrometers target the following industrial applications: agriculture crop monitoring, food process control or pharmaceuticals quality control. Next steps will be to get closer to the consumer market with point-of-care applications such as glucose detection for diabetics, for example. To reach these objectives, technological breakthroughs will be necessary. Recent progresses have already allowed the release of micro-spectrometers. They take advantage of new micro-technologies such as MEMS (MicroElectroMechanical Systems), MOEMS (Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical Systems), micro-mirrors arrays to reduce cost and size while allowing good performance and high volume manufacturability. Integrated photonics is being investigated for future developments. It will also require new business models and new market approaches. Indeed, spreading spectroscopy to more industrial and consumer applications will require spectrometers manufacturers to get closer to the end-users and develop application-oriented products.

A Semiautomatic Method for Multiple Sclerosis Lesion Segmentation on Dual-Echo MR Imaging: Application in a Multicenter Context.

PubMed

Storelli, L; Pagani, E; Rocca, M A; Horsfield, M A; Gallo, A; Bisecco, A; Battaglini, M; De Stefano, N; Vrenken, H; Thomas, D L; Mancini, L; Ropele, S; Enzinger, C; Preziosa, P; Filippi, M

2016-07-21

The automatic segmentation of MS lesions could reduce time required for image processing together with inter- and intraoperator variability for research and clinical trials. A multicenter validation of a proposed semiautomatic method for hyperintense MS lesion segmentation on dual-echo MR imaging is presented. The classification technique used is based on a region-growing approach starting from manual lesion identification by an expert observer with a final segmentation-refinement step. The method was validated in a cohort of 52 patients with relapsing-remitting MS, with dual-echo images acquired in 6 different European centers. We found a mathematic expression that made the optimization of the method independent of the need for a training dataset. The automatic segmentation was in good agreement with the manual segmentation (dice similarity coefficient = 0.62 and root mean square error = 2 mL). Assessment of the segmentation errors showed no significant differences in algorithm performance between the different MR scanner manufacturers (P > .05). The method proved to be robust, and no center-specific training of the algorithm was required, offering the possibility for application in a clinical setting. Adoption of the method should lead to improved reliability and less operator time required for image analysis in research and clinical trials in MS. © 2016 American Society of Neuroradiology.

Current requirements for polymeric biomaterials in otolaryngology

PubMed Central

Sternberg, Katrin

2011-01-01

In recent years otolaryngology was strongly influenced by newly developed implants which are based on both, innovative biomaterials and novel implant technologies. Since the biomaterials are integrated into biological systems they have to fulfill all technical requirements and accommodate biological interactions. Technical functionality relating to implant specific mechanical properties, a sufficiently high stability in terms of physiological conditions, and good biocompatibility are the demands with regard to suitability of biomaterials. The goal in applying biomaterials for implants is to maintain biofunctionality over extended periods of time. These general demands to biomaterials are equally valid for use in otolaryngology. Different classes of materials can be utilized as biomaterials. Metals belong to the oldest biomaterials. In addition, alloys, ceramics, inorganic glasses and composites have been tested successfully. Furthermore, natural and synthetic polymers are widely used materials, which will be in the focus of the current article with regard to their properties and usage as cochlear implants, osteosynthesis implants, stents, and matrices for tissue engineering. Due to their application as permanent or temporary implants materials are differentiated into biostable and biodegradable polymers. The here identified general and up to date requirements for biomaterials and the illustrated applications in otolaryngology emphasize ongoing research efforts in this area and at the same time demonstrate the high significance of interdisciplinary cooperation between natural sciences, engineering, and medical sciences. PMID:22073104

Guide to good practices for operations and administration updates through required reading

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1992-12-01

The purpose of this Guide to Good Practices is to provide Department of Energy (DOE) contractors with information that can be used to validate and/or modify existing programs relative to Conduct of Operations. This Guide to Good Practices is part of a series of guides designed to enhance the guidelines set forth in DOE Order 5480. 19, Conduct of Operations Requirements for DOE Facilities.'' (JDB)

Guide to good practices for operations and administration updates through required reading

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1992-12-01

The purpose of this Guide to Good Practices is to provide Department of Energy (DOE) contractors with information that can be used to validate and/or modify existing programs relative to Conduct of Operations. This Guide to Good Practices is part of a series of guides designed to enhance the guidelines set forth in DOE Order 5480. 19, ``Conduct of Operations Requirements for DOE Facilities.`` (JDB)

15 CFR 325.3 - Applying for a certificate of review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... delivery method that provides evidence of receipt. (b) Contents of application. Any person may submit an.... Some information, in particular the identification of goods or services that the applicant exports or... services. (ii) If it is reasonably available, an identification of the goods or services according to the...

78 FR 27178 - Notice of Funds Availability (NOFA) Inviting Applications for the Specialty Crop Block Grant...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-09

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Agricultural Marketing Service [Doc. No. AMS-FV-13-0002] Notice of Funds Availability (NOFA) Inviting Applications for the Specialty Crop Block Grant Program-Farm Bill (SCBGP-FB... crop distribution chain in developing ``Good Agricultural Practices'', ``Good Handling Practices...

48 CFR 52.225-22 - Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Buy American Act...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Buy American Act-Construction Materials. 52.225-22 Section 52... Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods—Buy American Act—Construction Materials. As prescribed in 25.1102(e), insert the following provision: Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and...

48 CFR 52.225-22 - Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Buy American Act...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Buy American Act-Construction Materials. 52.225-22 Section 52... Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods—Buy American Act—Construction Materials. As prescribed in 25.1102(e), insert the following provision: Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and...

48 CFR 52.225-22 - Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Buy American Act...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Buy American Act-Construction Materials. 52.225-22 Section 52... Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods—Buy American Act—Construction Materials. As prescribed in 25.1102(e), insert the following provision: Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and...

48 CFR 52.225-22 - Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Buy American Act...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods-Buy American Act-Construction Materials. 52.225-22 Section 52... Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and Manufactured Goods—Buy American Act—Construction Materials. As prescribed in 25.1102(e), insert the following provision: Notice of Required Use of American Iron, Steel, and...

A versatile route to polymer-reinforced, broadband antireflective and superhydrophobic thin films without high-temperature treatment.

PubMed

Ren, Tingting; Geng, Zhi; He, Junhui; Zhang, Xiaojie; He, Jin

2017-01-15

Broadband high transmittance, good mechanical robustness as well as simple and low temperature fabrication are three important aspects that dictate the practical applications of superhydrophobic thin films, especially on organic substrates. However, it has proved difficult to meet these challenges. In the present work, superhydrophobic thin films were prepared by first dip-coating solid silica nanoparticles, then spray-coating hollow silica nanoparticles, followed by spray-coating mesoporous silica nanosheets & poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and eventually chemical vapor deposition of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perflurooctyltriethoxysilane (POTS) at 90°C. The optimized thin film has a maximum transmittance of 96.0% in the wavelength range of 300-2500nm and a WCA of 164° and a RA of 1°. The thin film also shows good mechanical robustness toward water droplet impact test, sand impact abrasion test and tape adhesion tests, which results from PVA as a binder, the formation of covalent bond between the hydroxyl group of PVA and the ethoxy group of POTS and the chemical inertness of CC, CF bonds of POTS molecules. To our best knowledge, it is the first example where antireflective and superhydrophobic thin films of excellent mechanical robustness were realized at low temperature on organic substrates (PMMA, PC). The current work would provide a promising route to meet the challenges in practical applications simultaneously posed by the requirements of broadband antireflection, good mechanical robustness as well as simple and low temperature fabrication of superhydrophobic thin films. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Design of ternary alkaline-earth metal Sn(II) oxides with potential good p-type conductivity

DOE PAGES

Du, Mao -Hua; Singh, David J.; Zhang, Lijun; ...

2016-04-19

Oxides with good p-type conductivity have been long sought after to achieve high performance all-oxide optoelectronic devices. Divalent Sn(II) based oxides are promising candidates because of their rather dispersive upper valence bands caused by the Sn-5s/O-2p anti-bonding hybridization. There are so far few known Sn(II) oxides being p-type conductive suitable for device applications. Here, we present via first-principles global optimization structure searches a material design study for a hitherto unexplored Sn(II)-based system, ternary alkaline-earth metal Sn(II) oxides in the stoichiometry of MSn 2O 3 (M = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba). We identify two stable compounds of SrSn 2O 3 andmore » BaSn 2O 3, which can be stabilized by Sn-rich conditions in phase stability diagrams. Their structures follow the Zintl behaviour and consist of basic structural motifs of SnO 3 tetrahedra. Unexpectedly they show distinct electronic properties with band gaps ranging from 1.90 (BaSn 2O 3) to 3.15 (SrSn 2O 3) eV, and hole effective masses ranging from 0.87 (BaSn 2O 3) to above 6.0 (SrSn 2O 3) m0. Further exploration of metastable phases indicates a wide tunability of electronic properties controlled by the details of the bonding between the basic structural motifs. Lastly, this suggests further exploration of alkaline-earth metal Sn(II) oxides for potential applications requiring good p-type conductivity such as transparent conductors and photovoltaic absorbers.« less

[Performance of in vitro fertilization in Germany].

PubMed

van der Ven, Hans; Montag, Markus; van der Ven, Katrin

2002-07-01

In Germany the application of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) is regulated by federal legislation. Compared with the international situation the "German Embryo Protection Law" is very "restrictive" and various methods of ART are prohibited, e.g. oocyte/embryo donation, embryo cryopreservation and Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD). Furthermore, in Germany only 1 to 3 fertilized oocytes may be cultured to embryo. All these embryos then have to be transferred into the uterus of a particular patient. Additional fertilized oocytes can only be cryopreserved in a pronuclear state. The success rate of ART has increased significantly over the past few years owing to the introduction of blastocyst cultures and the selection of 1 to 2 good quality blastocysts for embryo transfer. Furthermore, the transfer of only 1 to 2 blastocysts effectively reduces the risk of high rank multiple pregnancies. In Germany, however, the selection of only a few good quality blastocysts for transfer is prohibited by law. New laboratory techniques, e.g. pronuclear scoring and polar body biopsy screening for aneuploidy are in accordance with German law. The application of these methods provides a selection of "good quality oocytes" and seems to increase the overall success rate. Further studies are required, however. The success rate, quality and cost effectiveness of ART in Germany appears compromised when compared with many other countries. What is more, in contrast to the international situation research and development in ART in Germany has been decreasing constantly over the past few years, due to the inappropriate regulations of the German health care system and the insufficient support given to university-based centers.

Reviews Book: Marie Curie and Her Daughters Resource: Cumulus Equipment: Alpha Particle Scattering Apparatus Equipment: 3D Magnetic Tube Equipment: National Grid Transmission Model Book: Einstein's Physics Equipment: Barton's Pendulums Equipment: Weather Station Web Watch

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2013-09-01

WE RECOMMEND Marie Curie and Her Daughters An insightful study of a resilient and ingenious family and their achievements Cumulus Simple to install and operate and with obvious teaching applications, this weather station 'donationware' is as easy to recommend as it is to use Alpha Particle Scattering Apparatus Good design and construction make for good results National Grid Transmission Model Despite its expense, this resource offers excellent value Einstein's Physics A vivid, accurate, compelling and rigorous treatment, but requiring an investment of time and thought WORTH A LOOK 3D Magnetic Tube Magnetic fields in three dimensions at a low cost Barton's Pendulums A neat, well-made and handy variant, but not a replacement for the more traditional version Weather Station Though not as robust or substantial as hoped for, this can be put to good use with the right software WEB WATCH An online experiment and worksheet are useful for teaching motor efficiency, a glance at CERN, and NASA's interesting information on the alpha-magnetic spectrometer and climate change

Postirradiation Testing Laboratory (327 Building)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kammenzind, D.E.

A Standards/Requirements Identification Document (S/RID) is the total list of the Environment, Safety and Health (ES and H) requirements to be implemented by a site, facility, or activity. These requirements are appropriate to the life cycle phase to achieve an adequate level of protection for worker and public health and safety, and the environment during design, construction, operation, decontamination and decommissioning, and environmental restoration. S/RlDs are living documents, to be revised appropriately based on change in the site`s or facility`s mission or configuration, a change in the facility`s life cycle phase, or a change to the applicable standards/requirements. S/RIDs encompassmore » health and safety, environmental, and safety related safeguards and security (S and S) standards/requirements related to the functional areas listed in the US Department of Energy (DOE) Environment, Safety and Health Configuration Guide. The Fluor Daniel Hanford (FDH) Contract S/RID contains standards/requirements, applicable to FDH and FDH subcontractors, necessary for safe operation of Project Hanford Management Contract (PHMC) facilities, that are not the direct responsibility of the facility manager (e.g., a site-wide fire department). Facility S/RIDs contain standards/requirements applicable to a specific facility that are the direct responsibility of the facility manager. S/RlDs are prepared by those responsible for managing the operation of facilities or the conduct of activities that present a potential threat to the health and safety of workers, public, or the environment, including: Hazard Category 1 and 2 nuclear facilities and activities, as defined in DOE 5480.23. Selected Hazard Category 3 nuclear, and Low Hazard non-nuclear facilities and activities, as agreed upon by RL. The Postirradiation Testing Laboratory (PTL) S/RID contains standards/ requirements that are necessary for safe operation of the PTL facility, and other building/areas that are the direct responsibility of the specific facility manager. The specific DOE Orders, regulations, industry codes/standards, guidance documents and good industry practices that serve as the basis for each element/subelement are identified and aligned with each subelement.« less

Quality in applied science

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sten, T.

1993-12-01

Science is in many senses a special kind of craft and only skilled craftsmen are able to distinguish good work from bad. Due to the variation in approaches, methods and even philosophical basis, it is nearly impossible to derive a general set of quality criteria for scientific work outside specific research traditions. Applied science introduces a new set of quality criteria having to do with the application of results in practical situations and policy making. A scientist doing basic research relates mainly to the scientific community of which he is a member, while in applied contract research the scientist has to consider the impact of his results both for the immediate users and upon interest groups possibly being affected. Application thus raises a whole new set of requirements having to do with business ethics, policy consequences and societal ethics in general.

AN EMPIRICAL FORMULA FOR THE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION OF A THIN EXPONENTIAL DISC

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sharma, Sanjib; Bland-Hawthorn, Joss

2013-08-20

An empirical formula for a Shu distribution function that reproduces a thin disc with exponential surface density to good accuracy is presented. The formula has two free parameters that specify the functional form of the velocity dispersion. Conventionally, this requires the use of an iterative algorithm to produce the correct solution, which is computationally taxing for applications like Markov Chain Monte Carlo model fitting. The formula has been shown to work for flat, rising, and falling rotation curves. Application of this methodology to one of the Dehnen distribution functions is also shown. Finally, an extension of this formula to reproducemore » velocity dispersion profiles that are an exponential function of radius is also presented. Our empirical formula should greatly aid the efficient comparison of disc models with large stellar surveys or N-body simulations.« less

Supercritical fluids as alternative, safe, food-processing media: an overview.

PubMed

Da Cruz Francisco, José; Szwajcer Dey, Estera

2003-01-01

The continuous growth of world population and its concentration in the urban areas require food supplies that are continuous, sufficient and of good quality. To resolve this problem techniques have been developed for increasing food quantity and quality. The techniques are applied throughout the food chain from production, conservation and during distribution to the consumers (from "the field to the fork"). During handling of food, chemicals are often deliberately added to achieve improved processing and better quality. This is one of the main reasons food undergoes different kinds of contamination. This overview focuses on the application of supercritical fluids as media for handling food materials during processing with the perspective of reducing chemical contamination of food. Examples of developmental applications of this technique and on research work in process are presented. Emphasis is given to extraction and biotransformation techniques.

New Galerkin operational matrices for solving Lane-Emden type equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abd-Elhameed, W. M.; Doha, E. H.; Saad, A. S.; Bassuony, M. A.

2016-04-01

Lane-Emden type equations model many phenomena in mathematical physics and astrophysics, such as thermal explosions. This paper is concerned with introducing third and fourth kind Chebyshev-Galerkin operational matrices in order to solve such problems. The principal idea behind the suggested algorithms is based on converting the linear or nonlinear Lane-Emden problem, through the application of suitable spectral methods, into a system of linear or nonlinear equations in the expansion coefficients, which can be efficiently solved. The main advantage of the proposed algorithm in the linear case is that the resulting linear systems are specially structured, and this of course reduces the computational effort required to solve such systems. As an application, we consider the solar model polytrope with n=3 to show that the suggested solutions in this paper are in good agreement with the numerical results.

An Investigation of Unified Memory Access Performance in CUDA

PubMed Central

Landaverde, Raphael; Zhang, Tiansheng; Coskun, Ayse K.; Herbordt, Martin

2015-01-01

Managing memory between the CPU and GPU is a major challenge in GPU computing. A programming model, Unified Memory Access (UMA), has been recently introduced by Nvidia to simplify the complexities of memory management while claiming good overall performance. In this paper, we investigate this programming model and evaluate its performance and programming model simplifications based on our experimental results. We find that beyond on-demand data transfers to the CPU, the GPU is also able to request subsets of data it requires on demand. This feature allows UMA to outperform full data transfer methods for certain parallel applications and small data sizes. We also find, however, that for the majority of applications and memory access patterns, the performance overheads associated with UMA are significant, while the simplifications to the programming model restrict flexibility for adding future optimizations. PMID:26594668

Curcumin―The Paradigm of a Multi-Target Natural Compound with Applications in Cancer Prevention and Treatment

PubMed Central

Teiten, Marie-Hélène; Eifes, Serge; Dicato, Mario; Diederich, Marc

2010-01-01

As cancer is a multifactor disease, it may require treatment with compounds able to target multiple intracellular components. We summarize here how curcumin is able to modulate many components of intracellular signaling pathways implicated in inflammation, cell proliferation and invasion and to induce genetic modulations eventually leading to tumor cell death. Clinical applications of this natural compound were initially limited by its low solubility and bioavailability in both plasma and tissues but combination with adjuvant and delivery vehicles was reported to largely improve bio-availability of curcumin. Moreover, curcumin was reported to act in synergism with several natural compounds or synthetic agents commonly used in chemotherapy. Based on this, curcumin could thus be considered as a good candidate for cancer prevention and treatment when used alone or in combination with other conventional treatments. PMID:22069551

Terahertz thickness determination with interferometric vibration correction for industrial applications.

PubMed

Pfeiffer, Tobias; Weber, Stefan; Klier, Jens; Bachtler, Sebastian; Molter, Daniel; Jonuscheit, Joachim; Von Freymann, Georg

2018-05-14

In many industrial fields, like automotive and painting industry, the thickness of thin layers is a crucial parameter for quality control. Hence, the demand for thickness measurement techniques continuously grows. In particular, non-destructive and contact-free terahertz techniques access a wide range of thickness determination applications. However, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy based systems perform the measurement in a sampling manner, requiring fixed distances between measurement head and sample. In harsh industrial environments vibrations of sample and measurement head distort the time-base and decrease measurement accuracy. We present an interferometer-based vibration correction for terahertz time-domain measurements, able to reduce thickness distortion by one order of magnitude for vibrations with frequencies up to 100 Hz and amplitudes up to 100 µm. We further verify the experimental results by numerical calculations and find very good agreement.

OLEDs for lighting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boerner, Herbert

2006-04-01

Today, organic light emitting diodes are used in small to medium displays in portable electronic equipment like MP3 players and mobile phones. Their thin form factor, together with good readability due to low angular dependence of the emission makes them attractive for these applications. The rapid progress in the last years has lifted the performance of OLEDs to a level where one can seriously start to consider applications in lighting markets. Whereas it is obvious that first applications will be in less demanding niche markets, clearly the most interesting target is the general illumination market. In this report, first applications requirements will be described, followed by a brief review of state of the art monochrome OLEDs. The main part deals with the various ways in which monochrome devices can be combined into white ones, giving examples of existing solutions. The conclusion is that for the white OLED design, there no clear winner yet. Given the rapid progress in material and device development, one can expect that within a few years white OLEDs will be available which can start to penetrate the general lighting market.

New frontiers for health information systems using Epi Info in developing countries: structured application framework for Epi Info (SAFE).

PubMed

Ma, J; Otten, M; Kamadjeu, R; Mir, R; Rosencrans, L; McLaughlin, S; Yoon, S

2008-04-01

For more than two decades, Epi Info software has been used to meet the data management, analysis, and mapping needs of public health professionals in more than 181 countries and 13 languages. Until now, most Epi Info systems have been relatively simple, mainly because of a lack of detailed and structured guidance for developing complex systems. We created the structured application framework for Epi Info (SAFE), which is a set of guidelines that allows developers to create both simple and complex information systems using accepted good programming practices. This has resulted in application code blocks that are re-useable and easy to maintain, modify, and enhance. The flexibility of SAFE allows various aggregate and case-based application modules to be rapidly created, combined, and updated to create health information systems or sub-systems enabling continuous, incremental enhancement as national and local capacity increases. SAFE and Epi Info are both cost-free and have low system requirements--characteristics that render this framework and software beneficial for developing countries.

Additively Manufactured Pneumatically Driven Skin Electrodes.

PubMed

Schubert, Martin; Schmidt, Martin; Wolter, Paul; Malberg, Hagen; Zaunseder, Sebastian; Bock, Karlheinz

2017-12-23

Telemedicine focuses on improving the quality of health care, particularly in out-of-hospital settings. One of the most important applications is the continuous remote monitoring of vital parameters. Long-term monitoring of biopotentials requires skin-electrodes. State-of-the-art electrodes such as Ag/AgCl wet electrodes lead, especially during long-term application, to complications, e.g., skin irritations. This paper presents a low-cost, on-demand electrode approach for future long-term applications. The fully printed module comprises a polymeric substrate with electrodes on a flexible membrane, which establishes skin contact only for short time in case of measurement. The membranes that produce airtight seals for pressure chambers can be pneumatically dilated and pressed onto the skin to ensure good contact, and subsequently retracted. The dilatation depends on the pressure and membrane thickness, which has been tested up to 150 kPa. The electrodes were fabricated in screen and inkjet printing technology, and compared during exemplary electrodermal activity measurement (EDA). The results show less amplitude compared to conventional EDA electrodes but similar behavior. Because of the manufacturing process the module enables high individuality for future applications.

Tensile and Creep Property Characterization of Potential Brayton Cycle Impeller and Duct Materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gabb, Timothy P.; Gayda, John

2006-01-01

This paper represents a status report documenting the work on creep of superalloys performed under Project Prometheus. Cast superalloys have potential applications in space as impellers within closed-loop Brayton cycle nuclear power generation systems. Likewise wrought superalloys are good candidates for ducts and heat exchangers transporting the inert working gas in a Brayton-based power plant. Two cast superalloys, Mar-M247LC and IN792, and a NASA GRC powder metallurgy superalloy, LSHR, are being screened to compare their respective capabilities for impeller applications. Several wrought superalloys including Hastelloy X, (Haynes International, Inc., Kokomo, IN), Inconel 617, Inconel 740, Nimonic 263, and Incoloy MA956 (Special Metals Corporation, Huntington, WV) are also being screened to compare their capabilities for duct applications. These proposed applications would require sufficient strength and creep resistance for long term service at temperatures up to 1200 K, with service times to 100,000 h or more. Conventional tensile and creep tests were performed at temperatures up to 1200 K on specimens extracted from the materials. Initial microstructure evaluations were also undertaken.

Using SAHRIS a web-based application for creating heritage cases and permit applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mlungwana, N.

2015-08-01

Since the inception of the South African Heritage Resources Information System (SAHRIS) in 2012, creating heritage cases and permit applications has been streamlined, and interaction with South African Heritage Authorities has been simplified. SAHRIS facilitates applications for development cases and mining applications that trigger the South African National Heritage Resources Act (Act 25 of 1999) and is able to differentiate between cases that require comment only, where the heritage process is subsidiary to environmental or mining law (Section 38(8)), and those where the heritage authority is the deciding authority (Section 38(1)). The system further facilitates cases related to site and object management, as well as permit applications for excavation, invasive research techniques and export of materials for research abroad in the case of archaeological or palaeontological specimens, or for sale or exhibition in the case of heritage objects. The integrated, easy to use, online system has removed the need for applicants to print out forms, take documents from one government department to the next for approval and other time-consuming processes that accompany paper-based systems. SAHRIS is a user friendly application that makes it easy for applicants to make their submissions, but also allows applicants to track the progress of their cases with the relevant heritage authority, which allows for better response rates and turnaround times from the authorities, while also ensuring transparency and good governance practice.

Facile preparation of high density polyethylene superhydrophobic/superoleophilic coatings on glass, copper and polyurethane sponge for self-cleaning, corrosion resistance and efficient oil/water separation.

PubMed

Cheng, Yuanyuan; Wu, Bei; Ma, Xiaofan; Lu, Shixiang; Xu, Wenguo; Szunerits, Sabine; Boukherroub, Rabah

2018-04-18

Inspired by the lotus effect and water-repellent properties of water striders' legs, superhydrophobic surfaces have been intensively investigated from both fundamental and applied perspectives for daily and industrial applications. Various techniques are available for the fabrication of artificial superoleophilic/superhydrophobic (SS). However, most of these techniques are tedious and often require hazardous or expensive equipment, which hampers their implementation for practical applications. In the present work, we used a versatile and straightforward technique based on polymer drop-casting for the preparation SS materials that can be implemented on any substrate. High density polyethylene (HDPE) SS coatings were prepared on different substrates (glass, copper mesh and polyurethane (PU) sponge) by drop casting the parent polymer xylene-ethanol solution at room temperature. All the substrates exhibited a superhydrophobic behavior with a water contact angle (WCA) greater than 150°. Furthermore, the corrosion resistance, stability, self-cleaning property, and water/oil separation of the developed materials were also assessed. While copper mesh and PU sponge exhibited good ability for oil and organic solvents separation from water, the HDPE-functionalized PU sponge displayed good adsorption capacity, 32-90 times the weight of adsorbed substance vs. the weight of adsorbent. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Management of acid burns: experience from Bangladesh.

PubMed

Das, Kishore Kumar; Olga, Loren; Peck, Michael; Morselli, Paolo G; Salek, A J M

2015-05-01

Acid burn injuries in Bangladesh primarily occur as a result of intentional attacks although there are incidences of accidental acid burns in industry, on the street, and at home. A total of 126 patients with acid burns, 95 from attacks and 31 from accidents, were studied from July 2004 to December 2012. A diagnosis of acid burn was made from history, physical examination and in some cases from chemical analysis of the patients' clothing. Alkali burns were excluded from the study. In the burn unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, we applied a slightly different protocol for management of acid burns, beginning with plain water irrigation of the wound, which effectively reduced burn depth and the requirement of surgical treatment. Application of hydrocolloid dressing for 48-72 h helped with the assessment of depth and the course of treatment. Early excision and grafting gives good results but resultant acid trickling creates a marble cake-like appearance of the wound separated by the vital skin. Excision with a scalpel and direct stitching of the wounds are often a good option. Observation of patients on follow-up revealed that wounds showed a tendency for hypertrophy. Application of pressure garments and other scar treatments were given in all cases unless the burn was highly superficial. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved.

Combining bar adsorptive microextraction with capillary electrophoresis--application for the determination of phenolic acids in food matrices.

PubMed

da Rosa Neng, Nuno; Sequeiros, Rute C P; Florêncio Nogueira, José Manuel

2014-09-01

In this contribution, bar adsorptive microextraction coated with a mixed-mode anion exchange/RP followed by liquid desorption was combined for the first time with a capillary electrophoresis-diode array detection system (BAμE(MAX)-LD/CE-DAD), for the determination of phenolic acids in food matrices, using chlorogenic, ferulic, cumaric, and caffeic acids as model compounds. Assays performed in aqueous media spiked at the 0.8 mg/L level yielded average recoveries up to 40% for all four phenolic acids, under optimized experimental conditions. The analytical performance showed also good precision (RSD < 15%), convenient LODs (18.0-85.0 μg/L) and linear dynamic ranges (0.8-8.0 mg/L) with convenient determination coefficients (r(2) > 0.9900). By using the standard addition method, the application to food matrices such as green tea, red fruit juice, and honey allowed very good performances for the determination of minor amounts of phenolic acids. The proposed methodology proved to be a suitable alternative for the analysis of polar to ionic compounds, showing to be easy to implement, reliable, sensitive, and requiring a low sample volume to determine phenolic acids in food samples. © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Reusable and Mediator-Free Cholesterol Biosensor Based on Cholesterol Oxidase Immobilized onto TGA-SAM Modified Smart Bio-Chips

PubMed Central

Rahman, Mohammed M.

2014-01-01

A reusable and mediator-free cholesterol biosensor based on cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) was fabricated based on self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of thioglycolic acid (TGA) (covalent enzyme immobilization by dropping method) using bio-chips. Cholesterol was detected with modified bio-chip (Gold/Thioglycolic-acid/Cholesterol-oxidase i.e., Au/TGA/ChOx) by reliable cyclic voltammetric (CV) technique at room conditions. The Au/TGA/ChOx modified bio-chip sensor demonstrates good linearity (1.0 nM to 1.0 mM; R = 0.9935), low-detection limit (∼0.42 nM, SNR∼3), and higher sensitivity (∼74.3 µAµM−1cm−2), lowest-small sample volume (50.0 μL), good stability, and reproducibility. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first statement with a very high sensitivity, low-detection limit, and low-sample volumes are required for cholesterol biosensor using Au/TGA/ChOx-chips assembly. The result of this facile approach was investigated for the biomedical applications for real samples at room conditions with significant assembly (Au/TGA/ChOx) towards the development of selected cholesterol biosensors, which can offer analytical access to a large group of enzymes for wide range of biomedical applications in health-care fields. PMID:24949733

Seedless synthesis of gold nanorods using resveratrol as a reductant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Wenjing; Li, Jing; Lan, Shijie; Rong, Li; Liu, Yi; Sheng, Yu; Zhang, Hao; Yang, Bai

2016-04-01

Gold nanorods (GNRs) attract extensive attention in current diagnostic and therapeutic applications which require the synthesis of GNRs with high yields, adjustable aspect ratio, size monodispersity, and easy surface decoration. In the seed-mediated synthesis of GNRs using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles as templates, the additives of aromatic compounds have been found to be important for improving the size monodispersity of the as-synthesized GNRs; this is hopeful in terms of the further optimization of the synthetic methodology of GNRs. In this work, resveratrol, a natural polyphenol in grapes with an anti-oxidization behavior, is employed as the reductant for the seedless synthesis of GNRs with a good size monodispersity and a tunable aspect ratio. Accordingly, the longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak is tunable from 570 to 950 nm. The success of our approach is attributed to the aromatic structure and mild reducibility of resveratrol. The embedment of resveratrol into CTAB micelles strengthens the facet-selective adsorption of CTAB, and therewith facilitates the anisotropic growth of GNRs. In addition, the mild reducibility of resveratrol is capable of supporting GNR growth by avoiding secondary nucleation, thus allowing the seedless synthesis of GNRs with a good size monodispersity. As a chemopreventive agent, the combination of resveratrol in GNR synthesis will consolidate the theranostic applications of GNRs.

Computed radiography as a gamma ray detector—dose response and applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

O'Keeffe, D. S.; McLeod, R. W.

2004-08-01

Computed radiography (CR) can be used for imaging the spatial distribution of photon emissions from radionuclides. Its wide dynamic range and good response to medium energy gamma rays reduces the need for long exposure times. Measurements of small doses can be performed without having to pre-sensitize the computed radiography plates via an x-ray exposure, as required with screen-film systems. Cassette-based Agfa MD30 and Kodak GP25 CR plates were used in applications involving the detection of gamma ray emissions from technetium-99m and iodine-131. Cassette entrance doses as small as 1 µGy (140 keV gamma rays) produce noisy images, but the images are suitable for applications such as the detection of breaks in radiation protection barriers. A consequence of the gamma ray sensitivity of CR plates is the possibility that some nuclear medicine patients may fog their x-rays if the x-ray is taken soon after their radiopharmaceutical injection. The investigation showed that such fogging is likely to be diffuse.

Transparent Electrode Based on Silver Nanowires and Polyimide for Film Heater and Flexible Solar Cell

PubMed Central

He, Xin; Duan, Feng; Liu, Junyan; Lan, Qiuming; Wu, Jianhao; Yang, Chengyan; Yang, Weijia; Zeng, Qingguang; Wang, Huafang

2017-01-01

Transparent, conductive, and flexible Ag nanowire (NW)-polyimide (PI) composite films were fabricated by a facile solution method. Well-dispersed Ag NWs result in percolation networks on the PI supporting layer. A series of films with transmittance values of 53–80% and sheet resistances of 2.8–16.5 Ω/sq were investigated. To further verify the practicability of the Ag NWs-PI film in optoelectronic devices, we utilized it in a film heater and a flexible solar cell. The film heater was able to generate a temperature of 58 °C at a driving voltage of 3.5 V within 20 s, indicating its potential application in heating devices that require low power consumption and fast response. The flexible solar cell based on the composite film with a transmittance value of 71% presented a power conversion efficiency of 3.53%. These successful applications proved that the fabricated Ag NWs-PI composite film is a good candidate for application in flexible optoelectronic devices. PMID:29186012

Developing Market Opportunities for Flexible Rooftop Applications of PV Using Flexible CIGS Technology: Market Considerations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sabnani, L.; Skumanich, A.; Ryabova, E.

There has been a recent upsurge in developments for building-integrated phototovoltaics (BiPV) roof top materials based on CIGS. Several new companies have increased their presence and are looking to bring products to market for this application in 2011. For roof-top application, there are significant key requirements beyond just having good conversion efficiency. Other attributes include lightweight, as well as moisture-proof, and fully functionally reliable. The companies bringing these new BIPV/BAPV products need to ensure functionality with a rigorous series of tests, and have an extensive set of 'torture' tests to validate the capability. There is a convergence of form, aesthetics,more » and physics to ensure that the CIGS BiPV deliver on their promises. This article will cover the developments in this segment of the BiPV market and delve into the specific tests and measurements needed to characterize the products. The potential market sizes are evaluated and the technical considerations developed.« less

Research and application of multi-hydrogen acidizing technology of low-permeability reservoirs for increasing water injection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ning, Mengmeng; Che, Hang; Kong, Weizhong; Wang, Peng; Liu, Bingxiao; Xu, Zhengdong; Wang, Xiaochao; Long, Changjun; Zhang, Bin; Wu, Youmei

2017-12-01

The physical characteristics of Xiliu 10 Block reservoir is poor, it has strong reservoir inhomogeneity between layers and high kaolinite content of the reservoir, the scaling trend of fluid is serious, causing high block injection well pressure and difficulty in achieving injection requirements. In the past acidizing process, the reaction speed with mineral is fast, the effective distance is shorter and It is also easier to lead to secondary sedimentation in conventional mud acid system. On this point, we raised multi-hydrogen acid technology, multi-hydrogen acid release hydrogen ions by multistage ionization which could react with pore blockage, fillings and skeletal effects with less secondary pollution. Multi-hydrogen acid system has advantages as moderate speed, deep penetration, clay low corrosion rate, wet water and restrains precipitation, etc. It can reach the goal of plug removal in deep stratum. The field application result shows that multi-hydrogen acid plug removal method has good effects on application in low permeability reservoir in Block Xiliu 10.

Transparent Electrode Based on Silver Nanowires and Polyimide for Film Heater and Flexible Solar Cell.

PubMed

He, Xin; Duan, Feng; Liu, Junyan; Lan, Qiuming; Wu, Jianhao; Yang, Chengyan; Yang, Weijia; Zeng, Qingguang; Wang, Huafang

2017-11-29

Transparent, conductive, and flexible Ag nanowire (NW)-polyimide (PI) composite films were fabricated by a facile solution method. Well-dispersed Ag NWs result in percolation networks on the PI supporting layer. A series of films with transmittance values of 53-80% and sheet resistances of 2.8-16.5 Ω/sq were investigated. To further verify the practicability of the Ag NWs-PI film in optoelectronic devices, we utilized it in a film heater and a flexible solar cell. The film heater was able to generate a temperature of 58 °C at a driving voltage of 3.5 V within 20 s, indicating its potential application in heating devices that require low power consumption and fast response. The flexible solar cell based on the composite film with a transmittance value of 71% presented a power conversion efficiency of 3.53%. These successful applications proved that the fabricated Ag NWs-PI composite film is a good candidate for application in flexible optoelectronic devices.