Antenna Impedance Measures in a Magnetized Plasma. Part 1. Spherical Antenna

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-10-16

3436 (1964) [2] Crawford FW, J. Appl. Phys 36 (10) 3142, (1965) [3] Dote T , Ichimiya T , Journal of Applied Physics 36 (6): 1866 (1965) [4] Oya H...Obayashi T , Report of Ionosphere and Space Research in Japan 20 (2): 199 (1966) [5] Balmain, K. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation vol.AP-14...no.3 : 402 (1966) [6] Uramoto J Physics Of Fluids 13 (3): 657 (1970) 5 [7] T . H. Y. Yeung and J. Sayers, Proc. Phys. Soc. London, Sect. B 70, 663

The Model Intercomparison Project on the Climatic Response to Volcanic Forcing (VolMIP): Experimental Design and Forcing Input Data for CMIP6

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zanchettin, Davide; Khodri, Myriam; Timmreck, Claudia; Toohey, Matthew; Schmidt, Anja; Gerber, Edwin P.; Hegerl, Gabriele; Robock, Alan; Pausata, Francesco; Ball, William T.;

COED Transactions, Vol. X, No. 7 & 8, July/August 1978. Bridging Theory and Reality: Analog Simulation as an Aid to Heuristic Understanding.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marcovitz, Alan B., Ed.

A particularly difficult area for many engineering students is the approximate nature of the relation between models and physical systems. This is notably true when the models consist of differential equations. An approach applied to this problem has been to use analog computers to assist in portraying the output of a model as it is progressively…

Generation of THz Wave with Orbital Angular Momentum by Graphene Patch Reflectarray

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-07-01

potential to significantly increase spectral efficiency and channel capacity for wireless communication [1]. A few techniques have been reported to...plane wave. The graphene-based OAM generation is very promising for future applications in THz wireless communication . ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This work is... Dyadic Green’s functions and guided surface waves for a surface conductivity model of graphene,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 103, no. 6, pp

Tailoring the Electromagnetic Near Field with Patterned Surfaces: Near-Field Plates

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-10

single layer processing. 3 Near-field plates can be viewed as metamaterial surfaces ( metasurfaces or metafilms) [20]. They are textured/structured at a...Applied Physics Letters, vol. 103, 041104, July 2013. 3. C. Pfeiffer and A. Grbic, ”Cascaded metasurfaces for complete phase and polarization control...Antennas and Propagation, pp. 1-2, Memphis, TN, July 6-12, 2014. 5. Pfeiffer and A. Grbic, ”Analysis and synthesis of bianisotropic metasurfaces

H. David Politzer, Asymptotic Freedom, and Strong Interaction

Science.gov Websites

Possible Non-Regge Behavior of Electroproduction Structure Functions; Physical Review D, Vol. 10, Issue 5 ; 1974 Heavy Quarks and Long-lived Hadrons; Physical Review D, Vol. 12, Issue 5; 1975 Experimental take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site. Website Policies/Important

Engineering Extreme Hydrophobic and Super Slippery Water Shedding Surfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McHale, Glen

2017-04-01

The intrinsic water repellency of a material is fundamentally determined by its surface chemistry, but alone this does not determine the ability of a surface to shed water. Physical factors such as the surface texture/topography, rigidity/flexibility, granularity/porosity combined with the intrinsic wetting properties of the liquid with the surface and whether it is infused by a lubricating liquid are equally important. In this talk I will outline fundamental, but simple, ideas on the topographic enhancement of surface chemistry to create superhydrophobicity, the adhesion of particles to liquid-air interfaces to create liquid marbles, elastocapillarity to create droplet wrapping, and lubricant impregnated surfaces to create completely mobile droplets [1-3]. I will discuss how these ideas have their origins in natural systems and surfaces, such as Lotus leaves, galling aphids and the Nepenthes pitcher plant. I will show how we have applied these concepts to study the wetting of granular systems, such as sand, to understand extreme soil water repellency. I will argue that relaxing the assumption that a solid substrate is fixed in shape and arrangement, can lead to the formation of liquid marbles, whereby a droplet self-coats in a hydrophobic powder/grains. I will show that the concepts of wetting and porosity blur as liquids penetrate into a porous or granular substrate. I will also discuss how lubricant impregnated super slippery surfaces can be used to study a pure constant contact angle mode of droplet evaporation [4]. Finally, I will show dewetting of a surface is not simply a video reversal of wetting [5], and I will give an example of the use of perfect hydrophobicity using the Leidenfrost effect to create a new type of low friction mechanical and hear engine [6]. References: [1] Shirtcliffe, N. J., et al., An introduction to superhydrophobicity. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, vol. 161, pp.124-138 (2010). [2] McHale, G. & Newton, M. I. Liquid marbles: topical context within soft matter and recent progress. Soft Matter, vol. 11, pp. 2530-2546 (2015). [3] Geraldi, N. R., et al., Capillary origami and superhydrophobic membrane surfaces. Applied Physics Letters, vol. 102, art. 214104 (2013). [4] Guan, J. H. et al., Evaporation of sessile droplets on Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces (SLIPS). Langmuir, vol. 31, pp. 11781-11789 (2015). [5] Edwards, A. M. J., et al., Not spreading in reverse: The dewetting of a liquid film into a single drop. Science Advances, vol. 2, art. e1600183-e1600183 (2016). [6] Wells, G. G., et al., A sublimation heat engine. Nature Communications, vol. 6, art. 6390 (2015). Acknowledgement: This work has been financially supported by the UK EPSRC and Reece Innovation Ltd, and developed in collaboration with co-workers at Northumbria, Nottingham Trent, Edinburgh, Swansea and Durham Universities.

Component-Level Demonstration of a Microfabricated Atomic Frequency Reference

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-08-01

Kitching, L. A. Liew, and J. Moreland, "A microfabricated atomic clock," Applied Physics Letters, vol. 85, pp. 1460-1462, 2004. [4] R. Lutwak , P...Symposium on Frequency Standards and Metrology, P. Gill, Ed. St. Andrews, Scotland: World Scientific, 2001, pp. 155-166. [31] R. Lutwak , D. Emmons...Frequency and Time Forum. Tampa, FL, 2003, pp. 31-32. [71] R. Lutwak , D. Emmons, T. English, W. Riley, A. Duwel, M. Varghese, D. K. Serkland, and

Magneto-Transpots in Interband Resonant Tunneling Diodes (I-RTDs) and Dilute Magnetic Semiconductor (DMS) I-RTDs

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-02

Woolard, "Far- infrared and Terahertz lasing based upon resonant and interband tunneling in InAs/GaSb heterostructure," Applied Physics Letter, vol. 98...REPORT FINAL REPORT: Magneto-Transpots in interband Resonant Tunneling Diodes (I-RTDs) and Dilute Magnetic Semiconductor (DMS) I-RTDs 14. ABSTRACT 16...diodes (RTDs). This DB-BG-RTD device will utilizes two distinct innovations. First, ultra-fast heavy-hole (HH) interband tunneling is leveraged to

Entropic criterion for model selection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tseng, Chih-Yuan

2006-10-01

Model or variable selection is usually achieved through ranking models according to the increasing order of preference. One of methods is applying Kullback-Leibler distance or relative entropy as a selection criterion. Yet that will raise two questions, why use this criterion and are there any other criteria. Besides, conventional approaches require a reference prior, which is usually difficult to get. Following the logic of inductive inference proposed by Caticha [Relative entropy and inductive inference, in: G. Erickson, Y. Zhai (Eds.), Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering, AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 707, 2004 (available from arXiv.org/abs/physics/0311093)], we show relative entropy to be a unique criterion, which requires no prior information and can be applied to different fields. We examine this criterion by considering a physical problem, simple fluids, and results are promising.

Physical and chemical properties of submarine basaltic rocks from the submarine flanks of the Hawaiian Islands

USGS Publications Warehouse

Yokose, H.; Lipman, P.W.; Kanamatsu, T.

2005-01-01

To evaluate physical and chemical diversity in submarine basaltic rocks, approximately 280 deep submarine samples recovered by submersibles from the underwater flanks of the Hawaiian Islands were analyzed and compared. Based on observations from the submersibles and hand specimens, these samples were classified into three main occurrence types (lavas, coarse-grained volcaniclastic rocks, and fine-grained sediments), each with several subtypes. The whole-rock sulfur content and porosity in submarine basaltic rocks, recovered from depths greater than 2000 m, range from < 10 ppm and 2 vol.% to 2200 ppm and 47 vol.%, respectively. These wide variations cannot be due just to different ambient pressures at the collection depths, as inferred previously for submarine erupted lavas. The physical and chemical properties of the recovered samples, especially a combination of three whole-rock parameters (Fe-oxidation state, Sulfur content, and Porosity), are closely related to the occurrence type. The FSP triangular diagram is a valuable indicator of the source location of basaltic fragments deposited in deep submarine areas. This diagram can be applied to basaltic rocks such as clasts in debris-flow deposits, submarine-emplaced lava flows that may have crossed the shoreline, and slightly altered geological samples. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Teller Award Acceptance Speech (LIRPP Vol. 12)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McCrory, Robert L.

2016-10-01

It is indeed an honor to receive an award named for such an accomplished and famous physicist who is present with us today, Dr. Edward Teller. In thinking over what to say on this occasion, I noted that the Teller Award was given for pioneering research in controlled fusion, in controlling fusion for the benefit of mankind. I think everyone in this audience certainly would agree that this lofty goal is truly one of the unconquered, grand challenges in applied physics...

Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal. Volume 13, No. 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-03-01

APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY JOURNAL March 1998 Vol. 13 No. 1 ISSN 1054-4887 MBTMBUTION BTATCICEHt 1 ’ | Appcofd for...public rdtooMf DUrtrlbnttoo Unlimited 1 19980709 083 GENERAL PURPOSE AND SCOPE. The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal...SOCIETY Journal March 1998 Vol. 13 No. 1 ISSN 1054-4887 The ACES Journal is abstracted in INSPEC, in Engineering Index, and in DTIC. The second

Development of tearing instability in a current sheet forming by sheared incompressible flow

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tolman, Elizabeth A.; Loureiro, Nuno F.; Uzdensky, Dmitri A.

2018-02-01

Sweet-Parker current sheets in high Lundquist number plasmas are unstable to tearing, suggesting they will not form in physical systems. Understanding magnetic reconnection thus requires study of the stability of a current sheet as it forms. Formation can occur due to sheared, sub-Alfvénic incompressible flows which narrow the sheet. Standard tearing theory (Furth et al. Phys. Fluids, vol. 6 (4), 1963, pp. 459-484, Rutherford, Phys. Fluids, vol. 16 (11), 1973, pp. 1903-1908, Coppi et al. Fizika Plazmy, vol. 2, 1976, pp. 961-966) is not immediately applicable to such forming sheets for two reasons: first, because the flow introduces terms not present in the standard calculation; second, because the changing equilibrium introduces time dependence to terms which are constant in the standard calculation, complicating the formulation of an eigenvalue problem. This paper adapts standard tearing mode analysis to confront these challenges. In an initial phase when any perturbations are primarily governed by ideal magnetohydrodynamics, a coordinate transformation reveals that the flow compresses and stretches perturbations. A multiple scale formulation describes how linear tearing mode theory (Furth et al. Phys. Fluids, vol. 6 (4), 1963, pp. 459-484, Coppi et al. Fizika Plazmy, vol. 2, 1976, pp. 961-966) can be applied to an equilibrium changing under flow, showing that the flow affects the separable exponential growth only implicitly, by making the standard scalings time dependent. In the nonlinear Rutherford stage, the coordinate transformation shows that standard theory can be adapted by adding to the stationary rates time dependence and an additional term due to the strengthening equilibrium magnetic field. Overall, this understanding supports the use of flow-free scalings with slight modifications to study tearing in a forming sheet.

Gradient Index (GRIN) Lens Multimode Fiber Probe for Laser Induced Breakdown in the Eye

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-01-23

34 Applied Optics, VoL 22, No. 3, p. 383, 1983 SPIE Vol. 2126 Ophthalmic Technologies IV (1994) /303 3. M. M. Pankratov , 0. Pomerantzeff, K. P...R. D. Jones, ’Laser-Produced Plasmas in Medicine," IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 19, p. 1209, 1991 6. T. I. Margolis, D. A. Farnath, M...Ophthalmology, Vol. 109, p.1605, 1991 8. P. Rol, P. Niederer, F. Fankhauser, M. Arigoni, E. De HaIler, ’p-Switched pulses and optical breakdown

A quantitative method for estimating dermal benzene absorption from benzene-containing hydrocarbon liquids.

PubMed

Petty, Stephen E; Nicas, Mark; Boiarski, Anthony A

2011-01-01

This study examines a method for estimating the dermal absorption of benzene contained in hydrocarbon liquids that contact the skin. This method applies to crude oil, gasoline, organic solvents, penetrants, and oils. The flux of benzene through occluded skin as a function of the percent vol/vol benzene in the liquid is derived by fitting a curve to experimental data; the function is supralinear at benzene concentrations < or = 5% vol/vol. When a liquid other than pure benzene is on nonoccluded skin, benzene may preferentially evaporate from the liquid, which thereby decreases the benzene flux. We present a time-averaging method here for estimating the reduced dermal flux during evaporation. Example calculations are presented for benzene at 2% vol/vol in gasoline, and for benzene at 0.1% vol/vol in a less volatile liquid. We also discuss other factors affecting dermal absorption.

Science and Technology of Nanostructured Magnetic Materials: Proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute Conference Held in Aghia Pelaghia, Crete, Greece on 24 June -6 July 1990. NATO ASI Series B: Physics. Volume 259

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-07-06

Tung in Silicon-Molecular Beam Epitaxy. vol. 11 eds. Erich Kasper and John C . Bean, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL (1988), or J. Derrien and F. Arnaud...mum~ J goS-MS AD- A24 6 363 ..T.. C .... Magnetbic Mean eiteral C dstibtio I Edliited.b Gary A . ....... MagntOc aeria Series B: Physics Vol. 259 ’o98...NATO Scientific Affairs Division A Life Sciences Plenum Publishing Corporation B Physics New York and London C Mathematical and Physical Sciences Kluwer

Dose equations for shift-variant CT acquisition modes using variable pitch, tube current, and aperture, and the meaning of their associated CTDI{sub vol}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dixon, Robert L., E-mail: rdixon@wfubmc.edu; Boone, John M.; Kraft, Robert A.

2014-11-01

Purpose: With the increasing clinical use of shift-variant CT protocols involving tube current modulation (TCM), variable pitch or pitch modulation (PM), and variable aperture a(t), the interpretation of the scanner-reported CTDI{sub vol} is called into question. This was addressed for TCM in their previous paper published by Dixon and Boone [Med. Phys. 40, 111920 (14pp.) (2013)] and is extended to PM and concurrent TCM/PM as well as variable aperture in this work. Methods: Rigorous convolution equations are derived to describe the accumulated dose distributions for TCM, PM, and concurrent TCM/PM. A comparison with scanner-reported CTDI{sub vol} formulae clearly identifies themore » source of their differences with the traditional CTDI{sub vol}. Dose distribution simulations using the convolution are provided for a variety of TCM and PM scenarios including a helical shuttle used for perfusion studies (as well as constant mA)—all having the same scanner-reported CTDI{sub vol}. These new convolution simulations for TCM are validated by comparison with their previous discrete summations. Results: These equations show that PM is equivalent to TCM if the pitch variation p(z) is proportional to 1/i(z), where i(z) is the local tube current. The simulations show that the local dose at z depends only weakly on the local tube current i(z) or local pitch p(z) due to scatter from all other locations along z, and that the “local CTDI{sub vol}(z)” or “CTDI{sub vol} per slice” do not represent a local dose but rather only a relative i(z) or p(z). The CTDI-paradigm does not apply to shift-variant techniques and the scanner-reported CTDI{sub vol} for the same lacks physical significance and relevance. Conclusions: While the traditional CTDI{sub vol} at constant tube current and pitch conveys useful information (the peak dose at the center of the scan length), CTDI{sub vol} for shift-variant techniques (TCM or PM) conveys no useful information about the associated dose distribution it purportedly represents. On the other hand, the total energy absorbed E (“integral dose”) as well as its surrogate DLP remain robust (invariant) with respect to shift-variance, depending only on the total mAs = 〈i〉t{sub 0} accumulated during the total beam-on time t{sub 0} and aperture a, where 〈i〉 is the average current.« less

Continuous Recording and Interobserver Agreement Algorithms Reported in the "Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis" (1995-2005)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mudford, Oliver C.; Taylor, Sarah Ann; Martin, Neil T.

2009-01-01

We reviewed all research articles in 10 recent volumes of the "Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (JABA)": Vol. 28(3), 1995, through Vol. 38(2), 2005. Continuous recording was used in the majority (55%) of the 168 articles reporting data on free-operant human behaviors. Three methods for reporting interobserver agreement (exact agreement,…

LEOS 1993 - Summer Topical Meeting Digest Held in Santa Barbara, California on July 19-30, 1993

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-01-01

M1.3 l0.2Oam - 11.-OOm (Invited) A BT View of Nonlinear Effects In Long-Haul Systems J V Wright BT Laboratories, Martlesham Heath Ipswich, SuffokIP5...Gbit/s FM/AM Conversion System Experiment Bo Foged J0rgensen, Rune J. S. Pedersen and Carsten Gudmann Joergensen Center for Broadband Telecommunications...C. C. Neil , Applied Physics Letters, Vol 28, p. 192, 1976. 2. N. F. Hartman, L. E. Corey, "A New Time Delay Concept Using Integrated Optic Techniques

Multirate Integration Properties of Waveform Relaxation with Applications to Circuit Simulation and Parallel Computation

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-11-18

Greenberg and K. Sakallah at Digital Equipment Corporation, and C-F. Chen, L Nagel, and P. ,. Subrahmanyam at AT&T Bell Laboratories, both for providing...Circuit Theory McGraw-Hill, 1969. [37] R. Courant and D. Hilbert , Partial Differential Equations, Vol. 2 of Methods of Mathematical Physics...McGraw-Hill, N.Y., 1965. Page 161 [44) R. Courant and D. Hilbert , Partial Differential Equations, Vol. 2 of Methods of Mathematical Physics

Coastal Environment, Bathymetry and Physical Oceanography along the Beaufort, Chukchi and Bering Seas.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-01-01

Unit No. 347 , Vol. III, Chukchi-Beaufort Sea, 409 pp. 3. Hopkins, D.M. and R.W. Hartz, 1978, Coastal morphology, coastal erosion, and barrier islands of...U.S. Department of Commerce, Alaska Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program Final Report, Research Unit No. 347 , vol. III, Chukchi...Assessment Program Final Report, Research Univ No. 347 , vol. II, Bering Sea, 443 pp. 3. U.S. Department of Commerce, 1964, Pacific and Arctic Coasts

Surface Tension Driven Instability in the Regime of Stokes Flow

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yao, Zhenwei; Bowick, Mark; Xing, Xiangjun

2010-03-01

A cylinder of liquid inside another liquid is unstable towards droplet formation. This instability is driven by minimization of surface tension energy and was analyzed first by [1,2] and then by [3]. We revisit this problem in the limit of small Laplace number, where the inertial of liquids can be completely ignored. The stream function is found to obey biharmonic equation, and its analytic solutions are found. We rederive Tomotika's main results, and also obtain many new analytic results about the velocity fields. We also apply our formalism to study the recent experiment on toroidal liquid droplet[4]. Our framework shall have many applications in micro-fluidics. [1] L.Rayleigh, On The Instability of A Cylinder of Viscous Liquid Under Capillary Force, Scientific Papers, Cambridge, Vol.III, 1902. [2] L.Rayleigh, On The Instability of Cylindrical Fluid Surfaces, Scientific Papers, Cambridge, Vol.III, 1902. [3] S.Tomotika, On the Instability of a Cylindrical Thread of a Viscous Liquid surround by Another Viscous Fluid, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Volume 150, Issue 870, pp. 322-337. [4] E.Pairam and A.Fern'andez-Nieves, Generation and Stability of Toroidal Droplets in a Viscous Liquid, Physical Review Letters 102, 234501 (2009).

Uncovering the Physical Basis Connecting Environment and Tribological Performance of Ultrananocrystalline Diamond

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-10-05

Anisotropic Nanotribological Properties,” Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 4, pp. 515-522 (SCI) Kuo -Cheng Chen...Nanodiamond With the Polymer Used as an Additive in Lubricant Oil,” Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 21, pp. 13213-13222 (SCI) Chih- Jung Chen, Ray...Deep Submicron to Nano-Scale,” Journal of Mechanics, Vol. 28, Issue 3, pp. 507-511 (SCI) Yeau-Ren Jeng, Yi-Min Wang, Hua-Chiang Wen, Shih -Ming Huang

Lightweight Portable Plasma Medical Device - Plasma Engineering Research Laboratory

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-01

34Optical study of radicals (OH, O, H, N) in a needle- plate negative pulsed streamer corona discharge ," Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, vol. 26...pulsed corona discharge ," European Physical Journal D, vol. 38, pp. 515-522, Jun 2006. [35] W. Wang, S. Wang, F. Liu, W. Zheng, and D. Wang, "Optical...study of OH radical in a wire-plate pulsed corona discharge ," Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, vol. 63, pp. 477

The Discovery of Subatomic Particles Revised Edition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Weinberg, Steven

2003-09-01

This commentary on the discovery of the atom's constituents provides an historical account of key events in the physics of the twentieth century that led to the discoveries of the electron, proton and neutron. Steven Weinberg introduces the fundamentals of classical physics that played crucial roles in these discoveries. Connections are shown throughout the book between the historic discoveries of subatomic particles and contemporary research at the frontiers of physics, including the most current discoveries of new elementary particles. Steven Weinberg was Higgins Professor of Physics at Harvard before moving to The University of Texas at Austin, where he founded its Theory Group. At Texas he holds the Josey Regental Chair of Science and is a member of the Physics and Astronomy Departments. His research has spanned a broad range of topics in quantum field theory, elementary particle physics, and cosmology, and has been honored with numerous awards, including the Nobel Prize in Physics, the National Medal of Science, the Heinemann Prize in Mathematical Physics, the Cresson Medal of the Franklin Institute, the Madison Medal of Princeton University, and the Oppenheimer Prize. In addition to the well-known treatise, Gravitation and Cosmololgy, he has written several books for general readers, including the prize-winning The First Three Minutes (now translated into 22 foreign languages), and most recently Dreams of a Final Theory (Pantheon Books, 1993). He has also written a textbook The Quantum Theory of Fields, Vol.I, Vol. II, and Vol. III (Cambridge).

Fabrication and mechanical properties of Al2O3/SiC/ZrO2 functionally graded material by electrophoretic deposition.

PubMed

Askari, E; Mehrali, M; Metselaar, I H S C; Kadri, N A; Rahman, Md M

2012-08-01

This study describes the synthesis of Al(2)O(3)/SiC/ZrO(2) functionally graded material (FGM) in bio-implants (artificial joints) by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). A suitable suspension that was based on 2-butanone was applied for the EPD of Al(2)O(3)/SiC/ZrO(2), and a pressureless sintering process was applied as a presintering. Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) was used to densify the deposit, with beneficial mechanical properties after 2 h at 1800 °C in Ar atmosphere. The maximum hardness in the outer layer (90 vol.% Al(2)O(3)+10 vol.% SiC) and maximum fracture toughness in the core layer (75 vol.% Al(2)O(3)+10 vol.% SiC + 15 vol.% ZrO(2)) composite were 20.8±0.3 GPa and 8±0.1 MPa m(1/2), respectively. The results, when compared with results from Al(2)O(3)/ZrO(2) FGM, showed that SiC increased the compressive stresses in the outer layers, while the inner layers were under a residual tensile stress. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, Volume 9, Number 1, March 1994

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-03-01

AD-A7 5 I..... * APPLIED COMPUrA77ONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY Journal FjLECTE TI S*...*....March 1994 Vol. 9 No. 1 .... .. .. .ISSN 1054-4887...25.00. REMIT BY: ( 1 ) BANK DRAFTS (MUST BE DRAWN ON U.S. BANK). (2) INTERNATIONAL MONEY ORDER, (3) TRAVELER’S CHECKS IN U.S. DOLLARS, (4) ELECTRONIC...COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY "Accesion For Joumal NTIS CRAM OTIC TAB Urannounced Justification. March 1994 By ................ Vol. 9 No. 1

An experimental investigation into the effects of pores and crystals on magma rheology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Coats, Rebecca; Cai, Biao; Kendrick, Jackie; Wallace, Paul; Hornby, Adrian; Miwa, Taka; Ashworth, James; von Aulock, Felix; Godinho, José; Lee, Peter; Lavallée, Yan

2017-04-01

The rheology of magma has a key control on eruption style; transitions in flow dynamics can be linked to changes in porosity, crystallinity and melt chemistry. Physical interactions due to the presence of both crystals and bubbles in a volcanic melt can influence a system's rheology by causing variations in viscosity and strain dependent flow behaviour, making eruption style difficult to predict. Ergo it is essential to gain an insight into the manner in which crystalline, porous magmas flow and fail. By conducting uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) tests on both volcanic rocks and synthetic samples at room and high temperatures, a deeper understanding of how these materials behave at volcanic conditions can be attained. Here we have taken advantage of a suite of highly crystalline ( 50 vol.%) dacite from Mt Unzen, with varying porosity (9-32 vol.%), along with a sintered glass with a range of atmospheric air filled pores (<3, 20 and 30 vol.%) and TiO2 particles (0-50 vol.%). Mt Unzen experiments have revealed that the UCS systematically decreases with an increase in porosity, matching other volcanic rocks in the literature and UCS is strain rate dependent. The latter of which, along with the observation that UCS increases at higher temperatures, has not previously been observed in glass-bearing volcanic rocks and was seen in both samples from Mt Unzen and in the glass-particle mixtures. From the synthetic sample tests at room temperature we see that the UCS does not vary with crystal content (across the range measured), but at high temperature preliminary results suggest strength decreases with particle volume. Gent's parallel plate technique was applied to calculate the viscosity of samples that appeared to flow under the applied stresses. Both natural and synthetic samples demonstrated a non-Newtonian, shear thinning response to applied strain rates. For the natural Mt. Unzen samples it appears that viscosity does not scale with porosity; which, at 50 vol.% crystals, is supported by experimental and modelling data in the literature[1]. Although experiments are yet to take place on porous synthetic samples, tests on the dense samples reveal that viscosity is proportional to crystal content. Conclusions drawn from these experiments both confirm and contradict results published in the literature, which we interpret as a demonstration that multi-phase magmas are more complex than previously suggested. In order to help resolve these complexities we recently undertook a series of high-temperature compression experiments on the synthetic magma in-situ at the Diamond Light Source, the results of which will shed light on the way in which crystalline, porous materials flow and fracture. [1] Truby JM, Mueller SP, Llewellin EW and Mader HM. 2015 The rheology of three-phase suspensions at low bubble capillary number. Proc. R. Soc. A

Recent progress in high gain InAs avalanche photodiodes (Presentation Recording)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bank, Seth; Maddox, Scott J.; Sun, Wenlu; Nair, Hari P.; Campbell, Joe C.

2015-08-01

InAs possesses nearly ideal material properties for the fabrication of near- and mid-infrared avalanche photodiodes (APDs), which result in strong electron-initiated impact ionization and negligible hole-initiated impact ionization [1]. Consequently, InAs multiplication regions exhibit several appealing characteristics, including extremely low excess noise factors and bandwidth independent of gain [2], [3]. These properties make InAs APDs attractive for a number of near- and mid-infrared sensing applications including remote gas sensing, light detection and ranging (LIDAR), and both active and passive imaging. Here, we discuss our recent advances in the growth and fabrication of high gain, low noise InAs APDs. Devices yielded room temperature multiplication gains >300, with much reduced (~10x) lower dark current densities. We will also discuss a likely key contributor to our current performance limitations: silicon diffusion into the intrinsic (multiplication) region from the underlying n-type layer during growth. Future work will focus on increasing the intrinsic region thickness, targeting gains >1000. This work was supported by the Army Research Office (W911NF-10-1-0391). [1] A. R. J. Marshall, C. H. Tan, M. J. Steer, and J. P. R. David, "Electron dominated impact ionization and avalanche gain characteristics in InAs photodiodes," Applied Physics Letters, vol. 93, p. 111107, 2008. [2] A. R. J. Marshall, A. Krysa, S. Zhang, A. S. Idris, S. Xie, J. P. R. David, and C. H. Tan, "High gain InAs avalanche photodiodes," in 6th EMRS DTC Technical Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, 2009. [3] S. J. Maddox, W. Sun, Z. Lu, H. P. Nair, J. C. Campbell, and S. R. Bank, "Enhanced low-noise gain from InAs avalanche photodiodes with reduced dark current and background doping," Applied Physics Letters, vol. 101, no. 15, pp. 151124-151124-3, Oct. 2012.

Optical Measurements in Non-Equilibrium Plasmas and Flows

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-01

collision model, the exponent x is equal to 0.5, from simple kinetic theory. For most realistic inter-molecular potentials, the exponent x is in the range...Chemical Physics, Vol. 89, p. 5568 (1988). 9. Rosasco, G.J., Lempert, W., Hurst , W.S., and Fein, A., in “Spectral Line Shapes, Vol 2, Walter de Gruyter

A Comprehensive Study on Damage Tolerance Properties of Notched Composite Laminates.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-02-01

of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 46, pp. 90-96, the strain energy release rate. 1979. [14] F. Delae and F. Erdogan , "Bosid,;d Orlhotropic REFERENCES Strips...with Cracks", Int. J. of Fracture, Vol. 15, [1] F. Erdogan and G.C. Sih, "On the Crack Extension in pp.33-364,1979. Plates Under Plane Loading and...1987. Vol. 34, pp. 967-974, 1967. (17] F. Erdogan , "Mixed Boundary-VL..t; Problems in [4] B. Cotterell, "The Influence of the Stress Distribution

Sensitive Detection of Gas-Phase Nitro-Containing Energetic Materials Employing 226-nm Radiation

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-07-01

Miziolek, and Long 1986; Sausa, Alfano , and Miziolek 1987; Wehry et al. 1987; Schendel, Hohmann, and Wehry 1987; McQuaid et al. 1991; Moss, Trentelman, and...K. Asai, and D. D. Davis. Applied Optics, vol. 19, no. 21, p. 3597, 1980. Sausa, R. C., A. J. Alfano , and A. W. Miziolek. Applied Optics, vol. 26...Hopkins University Chemical Propulsion Information Agency ATTN: T.W. Christian 10630 Little Patuxent Parkway. Suite 202 Columbia, MD 21044-3200 23 No. of

Spectrometric Studies of Selected Nitrocompounds Using Laser-Induced Photofragmentation/Photoionization at 193 nm.

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-11-01

Hohmann, and Wehry (1987); Lee et al. (1992); Sausa, Alfano , and Miziolek (1987); Clark et al. (1992); Marshall et al. (1992); Oldenborg and Baughcum...enhanced excitation process of the metastable carbon atom via its well-known (Sausa, Alfano , and Miziolek 1987; D6bele and RUckle 1982, 1992) (2p3s 1P...Davis. Applied Optics, vol. 19, p. 3597, 1980. Sausa, R. C., A. J. Alfano , and A. W. Miziolek. Applied Optics, vol. 26, p. 3588, 1987. 15 Schendel, J

FOREWORD: IX International Symposium on Radiation from Relativistic Electrons in Periodic Structures (RREPS-2011)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Potylitsyn, Alexander; Karataev, Pavel

2012-05-01

This volume contains papers presented at the IX International Symposium on Radiation from Relativistic Electrons in Periodic Structures (RREPS'11) which was held at Royal Holloway, University of London on September 12-16, Egham, United Kingdom. The symposium was organized jointly by Royal Holloway, University of London and Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia. RREPS is a biennial series of symposia founded in September 1993 as an initiative of the Nuclear Physics Institute at Tomsk Polytechnic University. The intention was to strengthen the basic and applied research focused on radiation from relativistic electrons in condensed media, particularly from natural and artificial periodic structures, and to review the research activity in this area. Since then, the symposium has developed into a forum attracting young scientists from different areas of research and from many countries. Previous successful symposia were held at Tomsk, Russia (1993, 1995, 1997, 2003), Lake Baikal, Russia (1999), Lake Aiya, Altai, Russia (2001), Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic (2007) and Zvenigorod, Moscow region, Russia (2009). As an outcome of the symposia the conference proceedings have been published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B (Vol. 145 No 1-2, October 1998; Vol. 173 No 1-2, January 2001; Vol. 201 No 1 January 2003; Vol. 227 No 1-2, January 2005; Vol. 266 No 17, September 2008) and Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 236, June 2010). The purpose of the present RREPS'11 symposium was to review the up-to-date situation in the area of electromagnetic radiation generated by relativistic charged particles in condensed media, and to discuss the research strategy for the near future. Nowadays, electromagnetic radiation studies cover electron energies from a few MeV up to hundreds of GeV in many laboratories throughout the world. The goal is to study the physics of the generation of various kinds of radiation and their interplay or combined effects, and to find successful applications for them. Every kind of radiation reflects specific processes of fundamental atomic physics, classical and quantum electrodynamics with a broad range of applications in accelerator physics, nuclear physics, material science and medicine. During the symposium the general properties of electromagnetic radiation were discussed. A few reports were devoted to Cherenkov radiation. Such a renewed interest in this problem is related to possible applications in wakefield accelerators and beam diagnostics. Transition radiation appeared as a well-known subject but wide use of it requires a detailed investigation of its characteristics. New prospective schemes for generating intense radiation beams were proposed. During the last few years electromagnetic radiation has been intensively studied as a potential tool for non-invasive charged particle beam diagnostics. In the symposium a few presentations were devoted to both transverse beam size measurements, using optical diffraction radiation and longitudinal beam dynamics monitoring the use of coherent diffraction and synchrotron radiation techniques. The generation of intense THz and soft x-ray beams was a very popular topic. A few presentations were devoted to the development of compact x-ray sources which might be used as an alternative to large central facilities such as third or fourth generation light sources. An application of crystal targets for radiation generation attracted the attention of all RREPS'11 participants. Parametric x-rays may be used for low-emittance beam diagnostics, and channeling radiation and coherent bremsstrahlung are being studied as a possible mechanism for an intense gamma source for positron production. Traditionally the RREPS symposium includes the following topics: General Properties of Radiation from Relativistic Particles; Cherenkov Radiation Transition Radiation Parametric X-ray Radiation Diffraction Radiation and the Smith-Purcell Effect Coherent Bremsstrahlung and Channeling Radiation Crystal Assisted Processes Applications of Monochromatic X-ray and Gamma Beams Produced at Electron Accelerators We would like to acknowledge the International Program Committee for their suggestions during the preparation of the scientific program. We acknowledge John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science for their financial support of the students, and Royal Holloway, University of London (UK) and Tomsk Polytechnic University (Russia) for their administrative and financial support. Editors Prof Alexander Potylitsyn Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia Dr Pavel Karataev Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, United Kingdom Royal Holloway

Experimental Measurement of Self-Diffusion in a Strongly Coupled Plasma

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-08-04

Killian1 1Department of Physics and Astronomy , Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA 2Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los...2] L. Spitzer, Physics of Fully Ionized Gases, Interscience Tracts on Physics and Astronomy (Interscience Publishers, New York, 1962), Vol. 3. [3] L

Soft computing analysis of the possible correlation between temporal and energy release patterns in seismic activity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Konstantaras, Anthony; Katsifarakis, Emmanouil; Artzouxaltzis, Xristos; Makris, John; Vallianatos, Filippos; Varley, Martin

2010-05-01

This paper is a preliminary investigation of the possible correlation of temporal and energy release patterns of seismic activity involving the preparation processes of consecutive sizeable seismic events [1,2]. The background idea is that during periods of low-level seismic activity, stress processes in the crust accumulate energy at the seismogenic area whilst larger seismic events act as a decongesting mechanism releasing considerable energy [3,4]. A dynamic algorithm is being developed aiming to identify and cluster pre- and post- seismic events to the main earthquake following on research carried out by Zubkov [5] and Dobrovolsky [6,7]. This clustering technique along with energy release equations dependent on Richter's scale [8,9] allow for an estimate to be drawn regarding the amount of the energy being released by the seismic sequence. The above approach is being implemented as a monitoring tool to investigate the behaviour of the underlying energy management system by introducing this information to various neural [10,11] and soft computing models [1,12,13,14]. The incorporation of intelligent systems aims towards the detection and simulation of the possible relationship between energy release patterns and time-intervals among consecutive sizeable earthquakes [1,15]. Anticipated successful training of the imported intelligent systems may result in a real-time, on-line processing methodology [1,16] capable to dynamically approximate the time-interval between the latest and the next forthcoming sizeable seismic event by monitoring the energy release process in a specific seismogenic area. Indexing terms: pattern recognition, long-term earthquake precursors, neural networks, soft computing, earthquake occurrence intervals References [1] Konstantaras A., Vallianatos F., Varley M.R. and Makris J. P.: ‘Soft computing modelling of seismicity in the southern Hellenic arc', IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, vol. 5 (3), pp. 323-327, 2008 [2] Eneva M. and Ben-Zion Y.: ‘Techniques and parameters to analyze seismicity patterns associated with large earthquakes', Geophysics Res., vol. 102, pp. 17785-17795, 1997a [3] Habermann R. E.: ‘Precursory seismic quiescence: past, present and future', Pure Applied Geophysics, vol. 126, pp. 279-318, 1988 [4] Matthews M. V. and Reasenberg P. A.: ‘Statistical methods for investigating quiescence and other temporal seismicity patterns', Pure Applied Geophysics, vol. 126, pp. 357-372, 1988 [5] Zubkov S. I.: ‘The appearance times of earthquake precursors', Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Zemli (Solid Earth), No. 5, pp. 87-91, 1987 [6] Dobrovolsky I. P., Zubkov S. I. and Miachkin V. I.: ‘Estimation of the size of earthquake preparation zones', Pageoph, vol. 117, pp. 1025-1044, 1979 [7] Dobrovolsky I. P., Gershenzon N. I. And Gokhberg M. B.: ‘Theory of electrokinetic effects occurring at the final stage in the preparation of a tectonic earthquake', Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, vol. 57, pp. 144-156, 1989 [8] Richter C. F.: ‘Elementary Seismology', W.H.Freeman and Co., San Francisco, 1958 [9] Choy G. L. and Boatwright J. L.: ‘Global patterns of radiated seismic energy and apparent stress', Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 84 (B5), pp. 2348-2350, 1995 [10] Haykin S.: ‘Neural Networks', 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, 1999 [11] Jang J., Sun T. and Mizutany E.: ‘Neuro-fuzzy and soft computing', Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1997 [12] Konstantaras A., Varley M.R., Vallianatos F., Collins G. and Holifield P.: ‘Detection of weak seismo-electric signals upon the recordings of the electrotelluric field by means of neuron-fuzzy technology', IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, vol. 4 (1), 2007 [13] Konstantaras A., Varley M.R., Vallianatos F., Collins G. and Holifield P.: ‘Neuro-fuzzy prediction-based adaptive filtering applied to severely distorted magnetic field recordings', IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, vol. 3 (4), 2006 [14] Maravelakis E., Bilalis N., Keith J. and Antoniadis A.: ‘Measuring and Benchmarking the Innovativeness of SME's: a three dimensional Fuzzy Logic Approach', Production Planning and Control Journal, vol. 17 (3), pp. 283-292, 2006 [15] Bodri B.: ‘A neural-network model for earthquake occurrence', Geodynamics, vol. 32, pp. 289-310, 2001 [16] Skounakis E., Karagiannis V. and Vlissidis A.: ‘A Versatile System for Real-time Analyzing and Testing Objects Quality', Proceedings-CD of the 4th International Conference on "New Horizons in Industry, Business and Education" (NHIBE 2005), Corfu, Greece, pp. 701-708, 2005

Sediment-Water Interactions and Contaminants in Corps of Engineers Reservoir Projects

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-07-01

Pseudomonas sp . strain NCIB 9816," Journal of Bacteriology, Vol 149, pp 948-954. Fillos, J., and Molof, A. H. 1972. "The Effect of Benthal Deposits on Oxygen...34Dimethylselenide and Dimethyltelluride Formation by a Strain of Penicillium ," Applied Microbiology, Vol 24, pp 424-429. Francis, A. J., Duxbury, J. M

Evidence for a strong sulfur-aromatic interaction derived from crystallographic data.

PubMed

Zauhar, R J; Colbert, C L; Morgan, R S; Welsh, W J

2000-03-01

We have uncovered new evidence for a significant interaction between divalent sulfur atoms and aromatic rings. Our study involves a statistical analysis of interatomic distances and other geometric descriptors derived from entries in the Cambridge Crystallographic Database (F. H. Allen and O. Kennard, Chem. Design Auto. News, 1993, Vol. 8, pp. 1 and 31-37). A set of descriptors was defined sufficient in number and type so as to elucidate completely the preferred geometry of interaction between six-membered aromatic carbon rings and divalent sulfurs for all crystal structures of nonmetal-bearing organic compounds present in the database. In order to test statistical significance, analogous probability distributions for the interaction of the moiety X-CH(2)-X with aromatic rings were computed, and taken a priori to correspond to the null hypothesis of no significant interaction. Tests of significance were carried our pairwise between probability distributions of sulfur-aromatic interaction descriptors and their CH(2)-aromatic analogues using the Smirnov-Kolmogorov nonparametric test (W. W. Daniel, Applied Nonparametric Statistics, Houghton-Mifflin: Boston, New York, 1978, pp. 276-286), and in all cases significance at the 99% confidence level or better was observed. Local maxima of the probability distributions were used to define a preferred geometry of interaction between the divalent sulfur moiety and the aromatic ring. Molecular mechanics studies were performed in an effort to better understand the physical basis of the interaction. This study confirms observations based on statistics of interaction of amino acids in protein crystal structures (R. S. Morgan, C. E. Tatsch, R. H. Gushard, J. M. McAdon, and P. K. Warme, International Journal of Peptide Protein Research, 1978, Vol. 11, pp. 209-217; R. S. Morgan and J. M. McAdon, International Journal of Peptide Protein Research, 1980, Vol. 15, pp. 177-180; K. S. C. Reid, P. F. Lindley, and J. M. Thornton, FEBS Letters, 1985, Vol. 190, pp. 209-213), as well as studies involving molecular mechanics (G. Nemethy and H. A. Scheraga, Biochemistry and Biophysics Research Communications, 1981, Vol. 98, pp. 482-487) and quantum chemical calculations (B. V. Cheney, M. W. Schulz, and J. Cheney, Biochimica Biophysica Acta, 1989, Vol. 996, pp.116-124; J. Pranata, Bioorganic Chemistry, 1997, Vol. 25, pp. 213-219)-all of which point to the possible importance of the sulfur-aromatic interaction. However, the preferred geometry of the interaction, as determined from our analysis of the small-molecule crystal data, differs significantly from that found by other approaches. Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Editorial

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2003-06-01

In December 2002 we announced some changes to Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics: an extended scope to highlight the wide range of articles published in the journal and a new definition of Letters to the Editor. As always, comments and suggestions are welcome and should be sent to jphysb@iop.org. Extended scope of J. Phys. B J. Phys. B covers all aspects of atomic, molecular and optical physics. We publish articles on the study of atoms, ions, molecules, condensates or clusters, from their structure and interactions with particles, photons, fields and surfaces to all aspects of spectroscopy. Quantum optics, non-linear optics, laser physics, astrophysics, plasma physics, chemical physics, optical cooling and trapping and other investigations where the objects of study are the elementary atomic, ionic or molecular properties of processes are also included. With the introduction of the BEC Matters! portal and IOP Select, J. Phys. B, one of the major contributors, offers authors of articles in this research area wider visibility and more flexible publication with the opportunity to display multimedia attachments or web links to key groups and results. The recent papers listed below reflect the wide scope of J. Phys. B: Calculation of cross sections for very low-energy hydrogen-antihydrogen scattering using the Kohn variational method E A G Armour and C W Chamberlain J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. Vol 35, No 22 (28 November 2002) L489-L494 Imaging the electron transfer reaction of Ne2+ with Ar using position-sensitive coincidence spectroscopy Sarah M Harper, Wan-Ping Hu and Stephen D Price J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. Vol 35, No 21 (14 November 2002) 4409-4423 Ultraviolet-infrared wavelength scalings for strong field induced L-shell emissions from Kr and Xe clusters Alex B Borisov, Xiangyang Song, Fabrizio Frigeni, Yang Dai, Yevgeniya Koshman, W Andreas Schroeder, Jack Davis, Keith Boyer and Charles K Rhodes J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. Vol 35, No 21 (14 November 2002) L461-L467 A Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice J Hecker Denschlag, J E Simsarian, H Häffner, C McKenzie, A Browaeys, D Cho, K Helmerson, S L Rolston and W D Phillips J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. Vol 35, No 14 (28 July 2002) 3095-3110 Locality of a class of entangled states I R Senitzky J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. Vol 35, No 14 (28 July 2002) 3029-3039 Solitons and vortices in ultracold fermionic gases Tomasz Karpiuk, Miroslaw Brewczyk and Kazimierz Rzazewski J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. Vol 35, No 14 (28 July 2002) L315-L321 Stable islands in chaotic atom-optics billiards, caused by curved trajectories M F Andersen, A Kaplan, N Friedman and N Davidson J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. Vol 35, No 9 (14 May 2002) 2183-2190 Emission probability and photon statistics of a coherently driven mazer Jin Xiong and Zhi-Ming Zhang J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. Vol 35, No 9 (14 May 2002) 2159-2172 The Li+-H2 system in a rigid-rotor approximation: potential energy surface and transport coefficients I Røeggen, H R Skullerud, T H Løvaas and D K Dysthe J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. Vol 35, No 7 (14 April 2002) 1707-1725 The stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation C W Gardiner, J R Anglin and T I A Fudge J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. Vol 35, No 6 (28 March 2002) 1555-1582 Oxygen ion impurity in the TEXTOR tokamak boundary plasma observed and analysed by Zeeman spectroscopy J D Hey, C C Chu, S Brezinsek, Ph Mertens and B Unterberg J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. Vol 35, No 6 (28 March 2002) 1525-1553 Electron-hexafluoropropene (C3F6) scattering at intermediate energies Czeslaw Szmytkowski, Pawel Mozejko and Stanislaw Kwitnewski J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. Vol 35, No 5 (14 March 2002) 1267-1274 High-resolution investigations of C2 and CN optical emissions in laser-induced plasmas during graphite ablation S Acquaviva and M L De Giorgi J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. Vol 35, No 4 (28 February 2002) 795-806 New definition of a Letter to the Editor A Letter to the Editor should present new results, likely to stimulate further research and be of interest to the wider atomic, molecular and optical physics community. Above all the results should be sufficiently new and important to merit rapid publication as a Letter, which implies accelerated refereeing procedures. This should be made clear either in the body of the Letter, if appropriate, or with a supporting cover letter from the author on submission to the journal. Letters will have an upper limit of eight journal pages and, as an additional quality check, two referees instead of one will be used to review them. The Board will be asked to make a final publication decision in the event of two conflicting reports. With these measures in place it is hoped that the important new results will receive the exposure they deserve as a Letter. If you have any questions or comments on this or anything relating to J. Phys. B please contact Nicola Gulley, Publisher, J. Phys. B (E-mail: jphysb@iop.org).

Chaotic dynamics in the physical sciences (Lewis Fry Richardson Medal Lecture)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ott, Edward

2017-04-01

Chaos was discovered at the end of the 19th century by Poincare in his famous work on the motion of N>2 celestial bodies interacting through gravitational attraction. Although steady progress was made by mathematicians following Poincare's work, the widespread impact and development of chaos in the physical sciences is comparatively recent, i.e., approximately starting in the 1970's. This talk will review and comment on this history and will give some examples illustrating the types of questions, problems and results arising from perspectives resulting from the widespread participation of physical scientists in chaos research. One of these examples will be from our work on data assimilation for weather prediction [ Ott et al., Tellus A vol.56, 415 (2004); Patil, Phys. Rev. Lett. vol.86, 5878 (2001)].

William Fowler and Elements in the Stars

Science.gov Websites

some of the most central issues in modern physics and cosmology: the formation of the chemical elements . Documents: Energy Levels of Light Nuclei. III; Review of Modern Physics, Vol 22, Issue 4:291-372; October

Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, Volume 30, Number 1, 1993

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-01-01

Dynamical Feedback Control of Robotic Ma- Contact: Osa Jackson-Wyatt, PhD, PT, Physical nipulators with Joint Flexibility. Sira- Ramirez H, Therapy Program...Rehabilitation Research and Development Vol. 30 No. 1 1993 Contact: Hebertt Sira- Ramirez , Departamento Contact: Takayoshi Ueta, MD, Dept. of Orthopedic...Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 172 Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development Vol. 30 No. 1 1993 Contact. Conference Secretariat, Rua do Ouvidor

Simulating Nonequilibrium Radiation via Orthogonal Polynomial Refinement

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-01-07

measured by the preprocessing time, computer memory space, and average query time. In many search procedures for the number of points np of a data set, a...analytic expression for the radiative flux density is possible by the commonly accepted local thermal equilibrium ( LTE ) approximation. A semi...Vol. 227, pp. 9463-9476, 2008. 10. Galvez, M., Ray-Tracing model for radiation transport in three-dimensional LTE system, App. Physics, Vol. 38

Fluid Dynamic Mechanisms and Interactions within Separated Flows and Their Effects on Missile Aerodynamics

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-01

Mechanics, Vol. 43, S~ries E, No. 3, September 1976, pp. 387-395. 18. Warpinski , N. R. and Chow, W. L., "Base Pressure Associated With Incompressible...Flow Past Wedges at High Reynolds Numbers," J. of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 46, No. 3, September 1979. 19. Warpinski , N. R. and Chow, W. L., "Viscid

Landslide Susceptibility Evaluation on agricultural terraces of DOURO VALLEY (PORTUGAL), using physically based mathematical models.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Faria, Ana; Bateira, Carlos; Laura, Soares; Fernandes, Joana; Gonçalves, José; Marques, Fernando

2016-04-01

The work focuses the evaluation of landslide susceptibility in Douro Region agricultural terraces, supported by dry stone walls and earth embankments, using two physically based models. The applied models, SHALSTAB (Montgomery et al.,1994; Dietrich et al., 1995) and SINMAP (PACK et al., 2005), combine an infinite slope stability model with a steady state hydrological model, and both use the following geophysical parameters: cohesion, friction angle, specific weight and soil thickness. The definition of the contributing areas is different in both models. The D∞ methodology used by SINMAP model suggests a great influence of the terraces morphology, providing a much more diffuse flow on the internal flow modelling. The MD8 used in SHALSTAB promotes an important degree of flow concentration, representing an internal flow based on preferential paths of the runoff as the areas more susceptible to saturation processes. The model validation is made through the contingency matrix method (Fawcett, 2006; Raia et al., 2014) and implies the confrontation with the inventory of past landslides. The True Positive Rate shows that SHALSTAB classifies 77% of the landslides on the high susceptibility areas, while SINMAP reaches 90%. The SINMAP has a False Positive Rate (represents the percentage of the slipped area that is classified as unstable but without landslides) of 83% and the SHALSTAB has 67%. The reliability (analyzes the areas that were correctly classified on the total area) of SHALSTAB is better (33% against 18% of SINMAP). Relative to Precision (refers to the ratio of the slipped area correctly classified over the whole area classified as unstable) SHALSTAB has better results (0.00298 against 0.00283 of SINMAP). It was elaborate the index TPR/FPR and better results obtained by SHALSTAB (1.14 against 1.09 of SINMAP). SHALSTAB shows a better performance in the definition of susceptibility most prone areas to instability processes. One of the reasons for the difference of predictive capacity of the models is related with the construction methods of contributory areas. The SHALSTAB susceptibility map shows better discrimination of the unstable areas, which is important to the estates decision makers in order to organize the priority of the hazard mitigation process. References Dietrich, W. E.; Reiss, R.; Hsu, M-L.; Montgomery, D.(1995) - A process-based model for colluvial soil depth and shallow landsliding using digital elevation data. Hydrological Processes. ISSN 1099-1085. Vol. 9, n.° 3-4, pp.383-400. Fawcett, T.(2006) - An introduction to ROC analysis. Pattern Recognition Letters. ISSN 0167-8655. Vol. 27, n.° 8, pp.861-874. Montgomery, David R.; Dietrich, William E.- A physically based model for the topographic control on shallow landsliding. Water Resources Research. ISSN 1944-7973. Vol. 30, n.° 4 (1994), p.1153-1171. Raia, S., [et al.]- Improving predictive power of physically based rainfall-induced shallow landslide models: a probabilistic approach. Geoscientific Model Development. ISSN 1991-959X. Vol. 7, n.° 2 (2014), p.495-514.

On the Onset of Thermocapillary Convection in a Liquid bridge

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shukla, Kedar

Thermo capillary convection refers to motion driven by the application of a temperature gradient along the interface. The temperature gradient may be large enough to cause oscillations in the basic state of the fluid. The vast majority of the liquid bridge investigations performed aboard on the sounding rockets or the space shuttles [1, 2] focused on the float zone processes because the process has been regarded as a candidate for the space based manufacturing of semiconductor materials. Although the buoyancy effect is avoided in the floating zone techniques during space operation, it experiences surface tension driven convection initiated by the temperature gradient along the free surface of the zone [3]. The appearance of the oscillatory thermo capillary convection couples with the solidification processes leads to the striations and results into the degradation of the crystals [4, 5]. The half zone consists of the liquid bridge held between two solid, planar end walls across which a temperature gradient is applied. Thus the basic state of thermo capillary convection consists of a single toroidal roll with the surface motion directed downwards from the hot upper disc to the cold lower one. Bennacer et al [6] studied how different axial profiles of the heat flux affect the flow patterns and transition from ax symmetric steady to ax symmetric oscillatory flow. The three dimensional instability of liquid bridges located between isothermal differentially heated disks were studied by several authors [7-14]. The interface deformation caused by the gravity jitters depends on the volume of the liquid bridge and cause changes in the physical properties of the liquid, which ultimately influence the basic state of the fluid [15-16]. The paper discusses Marangoni convection in a liquid bridge subject to g-jitters in a micro gravity environment. The parametric excitement of the liquid bridge with surface tension variation along with the free surface is considered. We will follow the method of Shukla [17] for Boussinesq flow to model the convective instability in an axisymmetric flow in the liquid bridge. The surface deformation caused by g-jitters and its effects on the onset of oscillatory flow will be examined. References: [1] Grodzka, P.G. and Bannister, T.C., Heat flow and convection demonstration experiments abord Appolo 14, Science (Washington, D.C.), Vol.176, May 1972, pp. 506-508. [2] Bannister, T C., etal, NASA, TMX-64772, 1973. [3] Shukla, K.N. Hydrodynamics of Diffusive Processes, Applied Mechanics Review, Vol.54, No.5, 2001, pp. 391-404. [4] Chen, G., Lizee, A., Roux, B.,, Bifurcation analysis of the thermo capillary convection in cylindrical liquid bridge, J Crystal growth, Vol. 180, 1997, pp.638-647. [5] Imaishi, N., Yasuhiro, S., Akiyama, Y and Yoda, S., Numerical simulation of oscillatory Marangoni flow in half zone liquid bridge of low Prandtl number fluid, J., Crystal Growth, Vol. 230, 2001, pp. 164-171. [6] Bennacer, R., Mohamad, A.A., Leonardi, E., The effect o heat flux distribution on thermo capillary convection in a sideheated liquid bridge, Numer. Heat transfer, Part A, vol. 41, 2002, pp. 657-671. [7] Kuhlmann, H C., Rath, H J., Hydrodynamic instabilities in Cylindrical thermocapillary liquid bridges, J Fluid Mech., Vol. 247,1993, pp. 247-274. [8] Wanshura, M., Shevtsova, V M, Kuhlmann, H C and Rath, H J., Convective instability in thermocapillary liquid bridges, Phys. Fluids, Vol. 7, 1995, pp. 912-925. [9] Kasperski, G., Batoul, A., Labrosse, G., Up to the unsteadiness of axisymmetric thermocapillary low in a laterally heated liquid bridge, Phys. Fluids, Vol. 12, 2000, pp. 103-119. [10] Lappa, M., Savino, R., Monti, R., Three dimensional numerical simulation of Marangoni instabilities in non cylindrical liquid bridges in microgravity, Int. J Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 44, 2001, pp. 1983-2003 [11] Zeng, Z, Mizuseki, H., Simamura, K., Fukud, T. Higashino, K, Kawaazoe, Y., Three dimensional oscillatory thermocapillary convection in liquid bridgeunder microgravity, Int. J heat Mass Transf., Vol. 44, 2001, pp. 3765-3774. [12] Kamotani, Y., Wang, L, Hatta, S., Wang, A., Yoda, S., Free surface heat loss effect on Oscillatory thermocapillary flow in a liquid bridges of high Prandtl number fluids, Int. J heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 46, 2003, pp. 3211-3220.

Scaling of Convex Hull Volume to Body Mass in Modern Primates, Non-Primate Mammals and Birds

PubMed Central

Brassey, Charlotte A.; Sellers, William I.

2014-01-01

The volumetric method of ‘convex hulling’ has recently been put forward as a mass prediction technique for fossil vertebrates. Convex hulling involves the calculation of minimum convex hull volumes (vol CH) from the complete mounted skeletons of modern museum specimens, which are subsequently regressed against body mass (M b) to derive predictive equations for extinct species. The convex hulling technique has recently been applied to estimate body mass in giant sauropods and fossil ratites, however the biomechanical signal contained within vol CH has remained unclear. Specifically, when vol CH scaling departs from isometry in a group of vertebrates, how might this be interpreted? Here we derive predictive equations for primates, non-primate mammals and birds and compare the scaling behaviour of M b to vol CH between groups. We find predictive equations to be characterised by extremely high correlation coefficients (r 2 = 0.97–0.99) and low mean percentage prediction error (11–20%). Results suggest non-primate mammals scale body mass to vol CH isometrically (b = 0.92, 95%CI = 0.85–1.00, p = 0.08). Birds scale body mass to vol CH with negative allometry (b = 0.81, 95%CI = 0.70–0.91, p = 0.011) and apparent density (vol CH/M b) therefore decreases with mass (r 2 = 0.36, p<0.05). In contrast, primates scale body mass to vol CH with positive allometry (b = 1.07, 95%CI = 1.01–1.12, p = 0.05) and apparent density therefore increases with size (r 2 = 0.46, p = 0.025). We interpret such departures from isometry in the context of the ‘missing mass’ of soft tissues that are excluded from the convex hulling process. We conclude that the convex hulling technique can be justifiably applied to the fossil record when a large proportion of the skeleton is preserved. However we emphasise the need for future studies to quantify interspecific variation in the distribution of soft tissues such as muscle, integument and body fat. PMID:24618736

Reduction of hard-tissue debris accumulation during rotary root canal instrumentation by etidronic acid in a sodium hypochlorite irrigant.

PubMed

Paqué, Frank; Rechenberg, Dan-Krister; Zehnder, Matthias

2012-05-01

Hard-tissue debris is accumulated during rotary instrumentation. This study investigated to what extent a calcium-complexing agent that has good short-term compatibility with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) could reduce debris accumulation when applied in an all-in-one irrigant during root canal instrumentation. Sixty extracted mandibular molars with isthmuses in the mesial root canal system were selected based on prescans using a micro-computed tomography system. Thirty teeth each were randomly assigned to be instrumented with a rotary system and irrigated with either 2.5% NaOCl or 2.5% NaOCl containing 9% (wt/vol) etidronic acid (HEBP). Using a side-vented irrigating tip, 2 mL of irrigant was applied by 1 blinded investigator to the mesial canals after each instrument. Five milliliters of irrigant was applied per canal as the final rinse. Mesial root canal systems were scanned at high resolution before and after treatment, and accumulated hard-tissue debris was calculated as vol% of the original canal anatomy. Values between groups were compared using the Student's t test (α < .05). Irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl resulted in 5.5 ± 3.6 vol% accumulated hard-tissue debris compared with 3.8 ± 1.8 vol% when HEBP was contained in the irrigant (P < .05). A hypochlorite-compatible chelator can reduce but not completely prevent hard-tissue debris accumulation during rotary root canal instrumentation. Copyright © 2012 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Student Engagement in High-Performing Schools: Relationships to Mental and Physical Health

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Conner, Jerusha O.; Pope, Denise

2014-01-01

This chapter examines how the three most common types of engagement found among adolescents attending high-performing high schools relate to indicators of mental and physical health. [This article originally appeared as NSSE Yearbook Vol. 113, No. 1.

Attachment to Life: Psychometric Analyses of the Valuation of Life Scale and Differences Among Older Adults

PubMed Central

Gitlin, Laura N.; Parisi, Jeanine; Huang, Jin; Winter, Laraine; Roth, David L.

2016-01-01

Purpose of study: Examine psychometric properties of Lawton’s Valuation of Life (VOL) scale, a measure of an older adults’ assessment of the perceived value of their lives; and whether ratings differ by race (White, Black/African American) and sex. Design and Methods: The 13-item VOL scale was administered at baseline in 2 separate randomized trials (Advancing Better Living for Elders, ABLE; Get Busy Get Better, GBGB) for a total of 527 older adults. Principal component analyses were applied to a subset of ABLE data (subsample 1) and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on remaining data (subsample 2 and GBGB). Once the factor structure was identified and confirmed, 2 subscales were created, corresponding to optimism and engagement. Convergent validity of total and subscale scores were examined using measures of depressive symptoms, social support, control-oriented strategies, mastery, and behavioral activation. For discriminant validity, indices of health status, physical function, financial strain, cognitive status, and number of falls were examined. Results: Trial samples (ABLE vs. GBGB) differed by age, race, marital status, education, and employment. Principal component analysis on ABLE subsample 1 (n = 156) yielded two factors subsequently confirmed in confirmatory factor analyses on ABLE subsample 2 (n = 163) and GBGB sample (N = 208) separately. Adequate fit was found for the 2-factor model. Correlational analyses supported strong convergent and discriminant validity. Some statistically significant race and sex differences in subscale scores were found. Implications: VOL measures subjective appraisals of perceived value of life. Consisting of two interrelated subscales, it offers an efficient approach to ascertain personal attributions. PMID:26874189

Three Important Taylor Series for Introductory Physics

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-01

series by the sum of its first few terms is useful throughout an introductory physics course . Example applications [1, 2] include estimating square...Lat. Am. J. Phys. Educ. Vol. 3, No. 3, Sept. 2009 535 http://www.journal.lapen.org.mx Three Important Taylor Series for Introductory Physics...one dimension, which instructively ties the mathematical development to physics concepts already presented in introductory courses . Keywords

Nonlinear Uncertainty Propagation of Satellite State Error for Tracking and Conjunction Risk Assessment

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-12-18

Determination on Orbital Element Representations,” Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy , Vol. 118, pp.165-195, 2014. [8] R. Weisman, M. Jah...Nonlinear Filtering,” Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy , Vol. 118, pp.129-164, 2014. [10] R. Weisman, M. Majji, K. Alfriend, “Analytic...Conference on Mathematics and Astronomy : A Joint Long Journey, American Institute of Physics, 10.1063/1.3506064, Madrid, Spain, 2009. [33] X.L. Xu, Y.Q

Chemistry and Physics of Analyte Identification in Integrated Nanosensors

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-02-05

points," / Differential Geometry 26 (1987), pp. 285-314. 12 [7] S. Haker , G. Sapiro, and A. Tannenbaum, "Knowledge-based segmentation of SAR data with...learned priors," IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 9, pp. 298-302, 2000. [8] S. Haker , L. Zhu, S. Angenent, and A. Tannenbaum, "Optimal mass...transport for registration and warping" Int. Journal Computer Vision, vol. 60, pp. 225-240, 2004. [9] S. Haker , G. Sapiro, A. Tannenbaum, and D. Washburn

JPRS Report, Science & Technology USSR: Physics & Mathematics.

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-09

Transient Ablation of Polymers by Ultrashort Laser Pulses [N.P. Furzikov; KVANTOVAYA ELEKTRONIKA, Vol 17 No 5, May 90] 14 Monokinetization of Atom...thermo-e.m.f. was found to depend not only linearly on the energy of laser pulses and the intensity of laser radiation, but also on the absorption... Ultrashort Laser Pulses 907J0090E Moscow KVANTOVAYA ELEKTRONIKA in Russian Vol 17 No 5, May 90 pp 619-620 [Article by N.P. Furzikov, Scientific

Continuous recording and interobserver agreement algorithms reported in the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (1995-2005).

PubMed

Mudford, Oliver C; Taylor, Sarah Ann; Martin, Neil T

2009-01-01

We reviewed all research articles in 10 recent volumes of the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (JABA): Vol. 28(3), 1995, through Vol. 38(2), 2005. Continuous recording was used in the majority (55%) of the 168 articles reporting data on free-operant human behaviors. Three methods for reporting interobserver agreement (exact agreement, block-by-block agreement, and time-window analysis) were employed in more than 10 of the articles that reported continuous recording. Having identified these currently popular agreement computation algorithms, we explain them to assist researchers, software writers, and other consumers of JABA articles.

Lithium Niobate Arithmetic Logic Unit

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-03-01

Boot51] A.D. Booth, "A Signed Binary Multiplication Technique," Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics , Vol. IV Part 2, 1951. [ChWi79...Trans. Computers, Vol. C-26, No. 7, July 1977, pp. 681-687. [Wake8 I] John F. Wakerly , "Miocrocomputer Architecture and Programming," John Wiley and...different division methods and discusses their applicability to simple bit serial implementation. Several different designs are then presented and

Prognostic Health Management of DoD Assets

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-01

34Acoustic emission for monitoring the mechanical behaviour of natural fibre composites: a literature review," Composites Part A: Applied Science and...34Acoustic emission of debonding between fibre and matrix to evaluate local adhesion," Composites Science and Technology, vol. 63, pp. 2155-2162, 2003...classification in carbon fibre composites using acoustic emission: A comparison of three techniques," Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 68, pp. 424-430, 1

Optically Addressed Nanostructures for High Density Data Storage

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-10-14

beam to sub-wavelength resolutions. X. Refereed Journal Publications I. M. D. Stenner , D. J. Gauthier, and M. A. Neifeld, "The speed of information in a...profiles for high-density optical data storage," Optics Communications, Vol.253, pp.56-69, 2005. 5. M. D. Stenner , D. J. Gauthier, and M. A. Neifeld, "Fast...causal information transmission in a medium with a slow group velocity," Physical Review Letters, Vol.94, February 2005. 6. M. D. Stenner , M. A

Wave Data Acquisition and Hindcast for Saginaw Bay, Michigan.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-06-01

Bretschneider (1952) and Mitsuyasu and Kimura (1965) for f the peak fre- %m quency (where fm = f g/U) while the total energy decay rate follows that mm...Spectra of Wind-Generated Gravity Waves," Journal of Physical Oceanography, Vol 5, pp 410-420. Mitsuyasu, Hisashi . 1968. "On the Growth of the...8217 . , / . - . ’ -’ -. .. ’ . .. _..- -’ - Mitsuyasu, Hisashi , and Kirmura, Hisao. 1965. "Wind Wave in Decay Area," Coastal Engineering in Japan, Vol 8, pp 221-35. Ou, Shan-Hwei. 1980 (Sep

Papers in Applied Linguistics. The Edinburgh Course in Applied Linguistics, Vol. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, J.P.B., Ed.; Corder, S. Pit, Ed.

This volume is a collection of articles on various aspects of applied linguistics as it relates to language teaching. Chapter 1, by S. Pit Corder, entitled "Applied Linguistics and Language Teaching," gives a short, general survey of applied linguistics in language teaching. Chapters 2-5 give an account of the main concepts in what is now called…

Football Physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gay, Timothy

2006-05-01

This talk discusses a series of one-minute physics lectures given to the ˜ 8 x 10^4 fans that attend the University of Nebraska home football games. The lecture topics range from gyroscopic motion to ionizing collisions between linebackers and I-backs. The problem of simultaneous edification and amusement of the fan in the stands is considered. Several physics tips for the Vols will be proffered.

Promoting Student Achievement through Improved Health Policy. Policy Update. Vol. 22, No. 11

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fobbs, Erima

2015-01-01

"Promoting Student Achievement through Improved Health Policy" is a quick primer of the [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] CDC's "Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child" model, which highlights 10 important areas for connecting health and learning: health education; physical education and physical activity;…

Corps of Engineers Land Treatment of Wastewater Research Program, An Annotated Bibliography.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-04-01

engineering) Waste treatment Waste water 4 20. ABST14ACT (Eacabsue an reverse oh It necwwey mad tdertlfy by block number) *This bibliography contains...1982) Distribution of phosphorus in soils irri ated with municipal waste- water effluent: A 5-year study. Journal of Environmental Quality, vol. 11...vol. 44, p. 383-394. The removal of seeded coliphage f2 and indigenous enteroviruses from primary and secondary wastewaters applied by spray

Effects of the Ponderomotive Terms in the Thermal Transport on the Hydrodynamic Flow in Inertial Confinement Fusion Experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goncharov, V. N.; Li, G.

2004-11-01

Electron thermal transport is significantly modified by the laser-induced electric fields near the turning point and at the critical surface. It is shown that such modifications lead to an additional limitation in the heat flux in laser-produced plasmas. Furthermore, the ponderomotive terms in the heat flux lead to a steepening in the electron-density profile, which is shown to be a larger effect than the profile modification due to the ponderomotive force [W.L. Kruer, The Physics of Laser--Plasma Interactions, Frontiers in Physics, Vol. 73, edited by D. Pines (Addison-Wesley, Redwood City, CA, 1988)]. To take into account the nonlocal effects, the delocalization model developed in Ref. 2 [G.P. Schurtz, Ph.D. Nicolaï, and M. Busquet, Phys. Plasmas 7, 4238 (2000).] has been applied to conditions relevant to ICF experiments. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC52-92SF19460.

Stationary table CT dosimetry and anomalous scanner-reported values of CTDI{sub vol}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dixon, Robert L., E-mail: rdixon@wfubmc.edu; Boone, John M.

2014-01-15

Purpose: Anomalous, scanner-reported values of CTDI{sub vol} for stationary phantom/table protocols (having elevated values of CTDI{sub vol} over 300% higher than the actual dose to the phantom) have been observed; which are well-beyond the typical accuracy expected of CTDI{sub vol} as a phantom dose. Recognition of these outliers as “bad data” is important to users of CT dose index tracking systems (e.g., ACR DIR), and a method for recognition and correction is provided. Methods: Rigorous methods and equations are presented which describe the dose distributions for stationary-table CT. A comparison with formulae for scanner-reported values of CTDI{sub vol} clearly identifiesmore » the source of these anomalies. Results: For the stationary table, use of the CTDI{sub 100} formula (applicable to a moving phantom only) overestimates the dose due to extra scatter and also includes an overbeaming correction, both of which are nonexistent when the phantom (or patient) is held stationary. The reported DLP remains robust for the stationary phantom. Conclusions: The CTDI-paradigm does not apply in the case of a stationary phantom and simpler nonintegral equations suffice. A method of correction of the currently reported CTDI{sub vol} using the approach-to-equilibrium formula H(a) and an overbeaming correction factor serves to scale the reported CTDI{sub vol} values to more accurate levels for stationary-table CT, as well as serving as an indicator in the detection of “bad data.”.« less

Enhanced Densification of White Cast Iron Powders by Cyclic Phase Transformations under Stress.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-08-01

Little or no significant enhancement in densification was reported in these cases where no applied stresses were used. Kohara [9) extended this work...enhancement of densification observed by Kohara , although limited, was attributed to the occurrence of transformation superplasticity. As will be shown... Kohara : Metall. Trans., 1976, vol. 7, p. 1239. 10. Y. Oshida, J. Jpn. Soc, Powder and Powder Metall., 1975, vol. 22, p. 147. 11. M. de Jong and G. W

Background Measurements Made Above Five Kilometers: A Survey of the Literature

DTIC Science & Technology

1969-06-01

Corporation of America’s Astro - Electronics Division, Greenbelt, Md., 1961. NASA Facts, Vol. II, No. 7, 1965. Nimbus I High Resolution Radiation Data...cept for data in which noise degradation occurred. This applies chiefly to the 2.7- fx data. REFERENCES Unclassified J. Hoyem et al., NOTS - Michigan...et al., "A Revised Analysis of the Solar Spectrum From 2990 to 2635 A," Astro - phys. J., Vol. 119, No. 3, May 1954. UNCLASSIFIED 153

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mohanty, M.; Smith, R. W.

1995-12-01

Lightweight coatings based on titanium and titanium carbides produced by plasma spraying can be used to improve and modify the tribomechanical properties of aerospace structural materials. Although plasma-sprayed WC/Co coatings have been applied with success in many cases, such as primary wear-re-sistant materials, their high densities preclude their use in applications that mandate reduction in weight. In the present investigation, the sliding wear resistance of plasma-sprayed, metal-bonded TiC coatings on AI 7075 substrates was studied. Coatings containing 50, 70, and 90 vol% TiC in a Ti matrix produced from physically blended powders of Ti and TiC were compared. Metallographie evaluations showed that dense coatings with good bonding to AI 7075 substrates can be obtained. Coatings from commercial pu-rity (CP) Ti powders sprayed in air under atmospheric conditions, however, indicated considerable oxi-dation of the particles. Under dry sliding conditions, the coefficient of friction (COF) values of the Ti/TiC containing/Al 7075 substrate system were lower than high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) sprayed 75% Cr3C2/25%NiCr coatings on steel and were comparable to coatings of WC/Co. Vacuum plasma-sprayed TiC/Ti coatings with 90 vol% TiC also exhibited better wear resistance than HVOF sprayed 75%Cr3C2/25%NiCr.

Controlling alpha tracks registration in Makrofol DE 1-1 detector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hassan, N. M.; Hanafy, M. S.; Naguib, A.; El-Saftawy, A. A.

2017-09-01

Makrofol DE 1-1 is a recent type of solid state nuclear track detectors could be used to measure radon concentration in the environment throughout the detection of α-particles emitted from radon decay. Thus, studying the physical parameters that control the formation of alpha tracks is vital for environmental radiation protection. Makrofol DE 1-1 polycarbonate detector was irradiated by α-particles of energies varied from 2 to 5 MeV emitted from the 241Am source of α-particle energy of 5.5 MeV. Then, the detector was etched in an optimum etching solution of mixed ethyl alcohol in KOH aqueous solution of (85% (Vol.) of 6 M KOH + 15% (Vol.) C2H5OH) at 50 °C for 3 h. Afterward, the bulk etch rate, etching sensitivity, and the registration efficiency of the detector, which control the tracks registration, were measured. The bulk etch rate of Makrofol detector was found to be 3.71 ± 0.71 μm h-1. The etching sensitivity and the detector registration efficiency were decreased exponentially with α-particles' energies following Bragg curve. A precise registration of α-particle was presented in this study. Therefore, Makrofol DE 1-1 can be applied as a radiation dosimeter as well as radon and thoron monitors.

DGWS Research Reports: Women in Sports. Vol. II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Dorothy V., Ed.

This volume presents the results of literature reviews and research from physical education and related fields on women in sports. The purpose of the report is to present scientific evidence on which to base decisions relating to physical activity and athletic programs for girls and women. One of its main sections deals with the psychological…

Enhancement of tribofilm formation from water lubricated PEEK composites by copper nanowires

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gao, Chuanping; Fan, Shuguang; Zhang, Shengmao; Zhang, Pingyu; Wang, Qihua

2018-06-01

A high-performance tribofilm is crucial to enhance the tribological performance of tribomaterials. In order to promote tribofilm formation under water lubrication conditions, copper nanowires as a functional nanomaterial were filled into neat polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and PEEK10SCF8Gr (i.e., PEEK filled with 10 vol.% short carbon fibers and 8 vol.% graphite flakes). The results show that the addition of copper nanowires and a greater applied load can enhance materials transfer and tribofilm formation during sliding process. Moreover, copper nanowires can share a part of applied load, and retard the fatigue effect to some extent. In addition, copper nanowires, carbon fibers and graphite can synergistically improve the tribological performance and the tribofilm formation under water lubrication and severe working conditions. In particular, only 0.5 vol.% copper nanowires can form a high-performance tribofilm, which endows superior lubricating property and wear resistance capacity of the PEEK10SCF8Gr. Furthermore, the surface analysis indicates that the tribofilm contains some transferred materials and the products from tribochemical reactions as well.

SM/MURF: Current Capabilities and Verification as a Replacement of AFRL Plume Simulation Tool COLISEUM

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-07-27

density is high enough to shield ion clouds such that the plasma is quasi-neutral within a cell. For this condition, ion density approximately equals...Advances,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 47, 2005, pp. A231–A260. 28 of 29 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 25Miller, J. S ...Using Classical Scattering with Spin-Orbit Free Interaction Potential,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 41, No. 3, 2013, pp. 470–480. 29Araki, S

Testing for Structural Change by D-Methods in Switching Simultaneous Equations Models.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-02-01

on ’Oaening Strate Raquiremets wad PP 225 Mili1tary Posture"). Chicago. il.. Septmer 2, 1976). Mengel . Marc. ’bciletons, Fluctuations, and tile Hopt...Telephocne Laoratories, Inc. Journal of tile Amrican Societ for Inforeeatlon Science, Vol. 3 N&. 6, pp. 366-370, Novowbr 1977). AD A04 425 PP 227 Mengel , Marc...Journal of Chemical Physics, Mengel , Marc S. end Thomas, Jons A., Jr., "Anelytical Vol. 69, ft. 8, Oct 1S, 1918). AD AD03 787 Methads In Search The"r," 86

The importance of the solids loading on confirming the dielectric nanosize dependence of BaTiO₃ powders by slurry method.

PubMed

Zhou, Wei; Nie, Yi Mei; Li, Shu Jing; Liang, Hai Yan

2013-01-01

The dielectric nanosize dependence of BaTiO₃ powders was investigated by the slurry method, where two series of BaTiO₃ slurries with 10 vol% and 30 vol% solids loadings were prepared as model samples. Applying the Bruggeman-Hanai equation, the high-frequency limiting permittivity (ε(h)) of the slurries was extracted from the dielectric spectra. The ε(h) of the 10 vol% slurry showed abnormal size independence in the range from 100 nm to 700 nm, and the ε(h) of the 30 vol% slurry exhibited good agreement with the previous prediction. Through analysing quantitatively the response of ε(h) to the changing permittivity of the powders under different solids loading, it was found that the ε h of the slurry with lower solids loading is more inclined to be interfered by the systematic and random errors. Furthermore, a high permittivity value was found in the BaTiO₃ powders with 50 nm particle size.

Detection of cow milk adulteration in yak milk by ELISA.

PubMed

Ren, Q R; Zhang, H; Guo, H Y; Jiang, L; Tian, M; Ren, F Z

2014-10-01

In the current study, a simple, sensitive, and specific ELISA assay using a high-affinity anti-bovine β-casein monoclonal antibody was developed for the rapid detection of cow milk in adulterated yak milk. The developed ELISA was highly specific and could be applied to detect bovine β-casein (10-8,000 μg/mL) and cow milk (1:1,300 to 1:2 dilution) in yak milk. Cross-reactivity was <1% when tested against yak milk. The linear range of adulterant concentration was 1 to 80% (vol/vol) and the minimum detection limit was 1% (vol/vol) cow milk in yak milk. Different treatments, including heating, acidification, and rennet addition, did not interfere with the assay. Moreover, the results were highly reproducible (coefficient of variation <10%) and we detected no significant differences between known and estimated values. Therefore, this assay is appropriate for the routine analysis of yak milk adulterated with cow milk. Copyright © 2014 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Orbit-Attitude Changes of Objects in Near Earth Space Induced by Natural Charging

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-05-02

depends upon Earth’s magnetosphere. Typically, magneto-sphere models can be grouped under two classes: statistical and physics -based. The Physics ...models were primarily physics -based due to unavailability of sufficient space-data, but over the last three decades, with the availability of huge...Attitude Determination and Control,” Astrophysics and Space Sci- ence Library, Vol. 73, D. Reidel Publishing Company, London, 1978 [17] Fairfield

Noncoherent Physical-Layer Network Coding with FSK Modulation: Relay Receiver Design Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-01

222 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 59, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2011 2595 Noncoherent Physical-Layer Network Coding with FSK Modulation: Relay... noncoherent reception, channel estima- tion. I. INTRODUCTION IN the two-way relay channel (TWRC), a pair of sourceterminals exchange information...2011 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Noncoherent Physical-Layer Network Coding with FSK Modulation:Relay Receiver Design Issues 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b

Effect of Heat on Wounded Warriors in Ground Combat Vehicles: Insights from the Army Medical Community, and the Simulation of a Novel Method for Soldier Thermal Control

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-08-01

soldiers via microclimate cooling [13]. Unfortunately, a common method for direct cooling of the soldiers – surface cooling – can cause cutaneous...Intermittent, Regional Microclimate Cooling," Journal of Applied Physiology, vol. 94, pp. 1841-48, 2003. [18] L. A. Stephenson, C. R. Vernieuw, W...Leammukda and M. A. Kolka, "Skin Temperature Feedback Optimizes Microclimate Cooling," Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine, vol. 78, pp. 377-382

Assessing the Need for Supercomputing Resources Within the Pacific Area of Responsibility

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-05-26

portion of today’s research and development dollars are going toward developing machines that will be better suited for addressing big data applications...2009; Radu Sion, “To Cloud or Not to? Musings on Clouds, Security and Big Data ,” in Secure Data Management, Vol. 8425, May 2014, pp. 3–5; Yao Chen...Applied Parallel and Scientific Computing, Vol. 7134, 2010. Sion, Radu, “To Cloud or Not to? Musings on Clouds, Security and Big Data ,” in Secure Data

A Collaborative 20 Questions Model for Target Search with Human-Machine Interaction

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-05-01

optimal policies for entropy loss,” Journal of Applied Probability, vol. 49, pp. 114–136, 2012. [2] R. Castro and R. Nowak, “ Active learning and...vol. 10, pp. 223231, 1974. [8] R. Castro, Active Learning and Adaptive Sampling for Non- parametric Inference, Ph.D. thesis, Rice University, August...2007. [9] R. Castro and R. D. Nowak, “Upper and lower bounds for active learning ,” in 44th Annual Allerton Conference on Communica- tion, Control and Computing, 2006.

Martin Perl and the Tau Lepton

Science.gov Websites

; Technology in Experimental Particle Physics", Winter 1995, Vol. 25, No. 4, pages 4 - 27 Perl compares you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site. Website Policies/Important

Modeling of Inelastic Collisions in a Multifluid Plasma: Excitation and Deexcitation

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-05-31

AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES For publication in Physics of Plasma Vol #22, Issue...the fundamental physical processes may be individually known, it is not always clear how their combination affects the overall operation, or at what...arises from the complexity of the physical processes needed to be captured in the model. The required level of detail of the CR model is typically not

Ionic Liquid-Modified Thermosets and Their Nanocomposites: Dispersion, Exfoliation, Degradation, and Cure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Throckmorton, James A.

This dissertation explores the application of a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) to problems in the chemistry, processing, and modification of thermosetting polymers. In particular, the solution properties and reaction chemistry of 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium dicyanamide (EMIM-DCN) are applied to problems of nanoparticle dispersion and processing, graphite exfoliation, cyanate ester (CE) cure, and the environmental degradation of CEs. Nanoparticle Dispersion: Nanocomposite processing can be simplified by using the same compound as both a nanoparticle solvent and an initiator for polymerization. This dual-function molecule can be designed both for solvent potential and reaction chemistry. EMIM-DCN, previously shown by our lab to act as an epoxy initiator, is used in the synthesis of silica and acid expanded graphite composites. These composites are then characterized for particle dispersion and physical properties. Individual particle dispersion of silica nanocomposites is shown, and silica nanocomposites at low loading show individual particle dispersion and improved modulus and fracture toughness. GNP nanocomposites show a 70% increase in modulus along with a 10-order of magnitude increase in electrical conductivity at 6.5 vol%, and an electrical percolation threshold of 1.7 vol%. Direct Graphite Exfoliation By Laminar Shear: This work presents a laminar-shear alternative to chemical processing and chaotic flow-fields for the direct exfoliation of graphite and the single-pot preparation of nanocomposites. Additionally, we develop the theory of laminar flow through a 3-roll mill, and apply that theory to the latest developments in the theory of graphite interlayer shear. The resulting nanocomposite shows low electrical percolation (0.5 vol%) and low thickness (1-3 layer) graphite/graphene flakes. Additionally, the effect of processing conditions by rheometry and comparison with solvent-free conditions reveal the interactions between processing and matrix properties and provide insight into the theory of the chemical and physical exfoliation of graphite crystals and the resulting polymer matrix dispersion. Cyanate Ester Cure: Dicyanamide-containing ionic liquids decrease the cure temperature of bi- and tri-functional CEs. During the cure reaction, the dicyanamide anion completely reacts and is incorporated into the triazine network. The cure effect was found in many dicyanamide-containing ionic liquids with diverse cations. This invention creates a novel, ionic thermoset polymer. The dicyanamide initiator provides an alternative to metal and hydroxyl catalysts (which have been shown to accelerate degradation and possess human and environmental toxicity). Additionally, the ionic character of the new polymer, rare among thermosets, lends itself to future research and novel applications. RTIL initiation also paves the way to new CE technologies, including RTIL-CE nanocomposites, prepared by graphite exfoliation and nanocomposite dispersion techniques developed herin.

Ubi Materia, Ibi Geometria

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-09-29

of the birth of new physics and astronomy , and as contribution to obscure rhetoric in speculative quantum physics texts. In fact, not only...Copernican system has to be valid (Myaterium Cosmographicum). (One might, however, with justification doubt that the system presented by Copernicus in his...Kepleri astronomi Opera Omnia, Vol. I. Editit Christian Frisch. Frankofurti a.M.-Erlangae, Heyder & Zimmer 1858-1871. (Johannes Kepler, Gesammelte Werke

Accuracy of Time Integration Approaches for Stiff Magnetohydrodynamics Problems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Knoll, D. A.; Chacon, L.

2003-10-01

The simulation of complex physical processes with multiple time scales presents a continuing challenge to the computational plasma physisist due to the co-existence of fast and slow time scales. Within computational plasma physics, practitioners have developed and used linearized methods, semi-implicit methods, and time splitting in an attempt to tackle such problems. All of these methods are understood to generate numerical error. We are currently developing algorithms which remove such error for MHD problems [1,2]. These methods do not rely on linearization or time splitting. We are also attempting to analyze the errors introduced by existing ``implicit'' methods using modified equation analysis (MEA) [3]. In this presentation we will briefly cover the major findings in [3]. We will then extend this work further into MHD. This analysis will be augmented with numerical experiments with the hope of gaining insight, particularly into how these errors accumulate over many time steps. [1] L. Chacon,. D.A. Knoll, J.M. Finn, J. Comput. Phys., vol. 178, pp. 15-36 (2002) [2] L. Chacon and D.A. Knoll, J. Comput. Phys., vol. 188, pp. 573-592 (2003) [3] D.A. Knoll , L. Chacon, L.G. Margolin, V.A. Mousseau, J. Comput. Phys., vol. 185, pp. 583-611 (2003)

Proceedings of the Fourth Annual U.S. Army Conference on Applied Statistics, 21-23 October 1998.

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-11-01

1833) published a memoir Nouvelles mithodes pour la determination des cometes in which he introduced and named the method of least squares. In 1809...251,1972. 2. Sprott, D. A. "Gauss’s Contributions to Statistics." Historia Mathematica, vol. 5, pp. 183-203,1978. 3. Stigler, S. M. "An Attack on Gauss...Published by Legendre in 1820." Historia Mathematica. vol. 4, pp. 31-35, 1977. 4. Stigler, S. M. "Gauss and the Invention of Least Squares." The

Multi-Scale Behavioral Modeling and Analysis Promoting a Fundamental Understanding of Agent-Based System Design and Operation

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-03-01

Chains," Mathematics of Control, Signals, and Systems, vol. 3(1), pp. 1-29, 1990. [4] A . Arnold, J . A . Carrillo, and I. Gamba, "Low and High Field...Aronson, C. L. A ., and J . L. Vázquez, "Interfaces with a corner point in one- dimensional porous medium flow," Comm. Pure Appl. Math, vol. 38(4), pp. 375...K. Levin, "Damage analysis of fiber composites," Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. [10] K. S. Barber, A . Goel, T. J . Graser, T

From micro-scale 3D simulations to macro-scale model of periodic porous media

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Crevacore, Eleonora; Tosco, Tiziana; Marchisio, Daniele; Sethi, Rajandrea; Messina, Francesca

2015-04-01

In environmental engineering, the transport of colloidal suspensions in porous media is studied to understand the fate of potentially harmful nano-particles and to design new remediation technologies. In this perspective, averaging techniques applied to micro-scale numerical simulations are a powerful tool to extrapolate accurate macro-scale models. Choosing two simplified packing configurations of soil grains and starting from a single elementary cell (module), it is possible to take advantage of the periodicity of the structures to reduce the computation costs of full 3D simulations. Steady-state flow simulations for incompressible fluid in laminar regime are implemented. Transport simulations are based on the pore-scale advection-diffusion equation, that can be enriched introducing also the Stokes velocity (to consider the gravity effect) and the interception mechanism. Simulations are carried on a domain composed of several elementary modules, that serve as control volumes in a finite volume method for the macro-scale method. The periodicity of the medium involves the periodicity of the flow field and this will be of great importance during the up-scaling procedure, allowing relevant simplifications. Micro-scale numerical data are treated in order to compute the mean concentration (volume and area averages) and fluxes on each module. The simulation results are used to compare the micro-scale averaged equation to the integral form of the macroscopic one, making a distinction between those terms that could be computed exactly and those for which a closure in needed. Of particular interest it is the investigation of the origin of macro-scale terms such as the dispersion and tortuosity, trying to describe them with micro-scale known quantities. Traditionally, to study the colloidal transport many simplifications are introduced, such those concerning ultra-simplified geometry that usually account for a single collector. Gradual removal of such hypothesis leads to a detailed description of colloidal transport mechanisms. Starting from nearly realistic 3D geometries, the ultimate purpose of this work is that of develop an improved understanding of the fate of colloidal particles through, for example, an accurate description of the deposition efficiency, in order design efficient remediation techniques. G. Boccardo, D.L. Marchisio, R.Sethi, Journal of colloid and interface science, Vol 417C, pp 227-237, 2014 M. Icardi, G. Boccardo, D.L. Marchisio, T. Tosco, R.Sethi, Physical Review E - Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics, 2014 S. Torkzaban, S.S. Tazehkand, S.L. Walker, S.A. Bradford, Water resources research, Vol 44, 2008 S.M. Hassanizadeh, Adv in Water Resources, Vol. 2, pp 131-144, 1979 S. Whitaker, AIChE Journal, Vol. 13 No. 3, pp 420-428, May 1967

The Importance of the Solids Loading on Confirming the Dielectric Nanosize Dependence of BaTiO3 Powders by Slurry Method

PubMed Central

Zhou, Wei; Nie, Yi Mei; Li, Shu Jing; Liang, Hai Yan

2013-01-01

The dielectric nanosize dependence of BaTiO3 powders was investigated by the slurry method, where two series of BaTiO3 slurries with 10 vol% and 30 vol% solids loadings were prepared as model samples. Applying the Bruggeman-Hanai equation, the high-frequency limiting permittivity (ε h) of the slurries was extracted from the dielectric spectra. The ε h of the 10 vol% slurry showed abnormal size independence in the range from 100 nm to 700 nm, and the ε h of the 30 vol% slurry exhibited good agreement with the previous prediction. Through analysing quantitatively the response of ε h to the changing permittivity of the powders under different solids loading, it was found that the ε h of the slurry with lower solids loading is more inclined to be interfered by the systematic and random errors. Furthermore, a high permittivity value was found in the BaTiO3 powders with 50 nm particle size. PMID:23844376

Determination of naltrexone and 6beta-naltrexol in human blood: comparison of high-performance liquid chromatography with spectrophotometric and tandem-mass-spectrometric detection.

PubMed

Brünen, Sonja; Krüger, Ralf; Finger, Susann; Korf, Felix; Kiefer, Falk; Wiedemann, Klaus; Lackner, Karl J; Hiemke, Christoph

2010-02-01

We present data for a comparison of a liquid-chromatographic method coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and a high-performance liquid-chromatographic method with column switching and UV spectrophotometric detection. The two methods were developed for determination of naltrexone and 6beta-naltrexol in blood serum or plasma aiming to be used for therapeutic drug monitoring to guide the treatment of patients with naltrexone. For the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/UV detection, online sample cleanup was conducted on Perfect Bond C(18) material with 2% (vol/vol) acetonitrile in deionized water. Drugs were separated on a C(18) column using 11.5% (vol/vol) acetonitrile and 0.4% (vol/vol) N,N,N,N-tetramethylethylenediamine within 20 min. LC-MS/MS used naltrexone-d (3) and 6beta-naltrexol-d (4) as internal standards. After protein precipitation, the chromatographic separation was performed on a C(18) column by applying a methanol gradient (5-100%, vol/vol) with 0.1% formic acid over 9.5 min. The HPLC/UV method was found to be linear for concentrations ranging from 2 to 100 ng/ml, with a regression correlation coefficient of r (2) > 0.998 for naltrexone and 6beta-naltrexol. The limit of quantification was 2 ng/ml for naltrexone and 6beta-naltrexol. For the LC-MS/MS method the calibration curves were linear (r(2) > 0.999) from 0.5 to 200 ng/ml for both substances, and the limit of quantification was 0.5 ng/ml. The concentrations measured by the two methods correlated significantly for both substances (r(2) > 0.967; p < 0.001). Both methods could be used for therapeutic drug monitoring. The HPLC/UV method was advantageous regarding automatization and costs, whereas LC-MS/MS was superior with regard to sensitivity.

Improvement of Physical and Wound Adhesion Properties of Silk Sericin and Polyvinyl Alcohol Dressing Using Glycerin.

PubMed

Aramwit, Pornanong; Ratanavaraporn, Juthamas; Siritientong, Tippawan

2015-08-01

This study aimed to use glycerin to improve physical and wound adhesion properties of a wound dressing made of silk sericin and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Glycerin of a natural-derived plasticizer was used to modify the properties of silk sericin/PVA scaffolds. Various concentrations of glycerin were mixed with silk sericin and PVA and then fabricated into the scaffolds by a freeze-drying technique. The control study was performed to examine the properties of the silk sericin/PVA scaffolds with and without glycerin. Physical, mechanical, wound adhesion properties, the release profile of silk sericin, and in vivo safety of the silk sericin/PVA scaffolds with and without glycerin were investigated. The silk sericin/PVA scaffolds with glycerin exhibited more homogenous structure, less compressive modulus, higher Young modulus and elongation percentage, and a higher degree of crosslinking compared with the scaffold without glycerin. The silk sericin/PVA scaffold with 2% wt/vol glycerin showed more controlled release of silk sericin than the other scaffolds. The sustained release of silk sericin from the scaffold with glycerin would be advantageous for long-term healing of wounds. The silk sericin/PVA scaffold with 2% (wt/vol) glycerin was less adhesive to the wound compared with the scaffold without glycerin. Furthermore, the implantation of silk sericin/PVA scaffolds with 2% (wt/vol) glycerin did not cause any irritation to the tissue. The silk sericin/PVA scaffolds with glycerin were introduced as a biocompatible, more flexible, and less adhesive wound dressing than the scaffold without glycerin.

HANDBOOK: GROUNDWATER - METHODOLOGY - VOL. 2

EPA Science Inventory

The subsurface environment of ground water is characterized by a complex interplay of physical, geochemical and biological forces that govern the release, transport and fate of a variety of chemical substances. There are literally as many varied hydrogeologic settings as there ar...

Probing Buffer-Gas Cooled Molecules with Direct Frequency Comb Spectroscopy in the Mid-Infrrared

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Spaun, Ben; Changala, Bryan; Bjork, Bryce J.; Heckl, Oliver H.; Patterson, David; Doyle, John M.; Ye, Jun

2015-06-01

We present the first demonstration of cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy on buffer-gas cooled molecules.By coupling a mid-infrared frequency comb to a high-finesse cavity surrounding a helium buffer-gas chamber, we can gather rotationally resolved absorption spectra with high sensitivity over a broad wavelength region. The measured ˜10 K rotational and translational temperatures of buffer-gas cooled molecules drastically simplify the observed spectra, compared to those of room temperature molecules, and allow for high spectral resolution limited only by Doppler broadening (10-100 MHz). Our system allows for the extension of high-resolution spectroscopy to larger molecules, enabling detailed analysis of molecular structure and dynamics, while taking full advantage of the powerful optical properties of frequency combs. A. Foltynowicz et al. Cavity-enhanced optical frequency comb spectroscopy in the mid-infrared application to trace detection of hydrogen peroxide. Applied Physics B, vol. 110, pp. 163-175, 2013. {D. Patterson and J. M. Doyle. Cooling molecules in a cell for FTMW spectroscopy. Molecular Physics 110, 1757-1766, 2012

COED Transactions, Vol. XI, No. 3, March 1979. LSSP: An Educational Aid to the Study of Linear System Dynamics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitchell, Eugene E., Ed.

The study of the dynamics of physical systems is of importance to all engineering students. LSSP, a Linear System Simulation Program, is used to study the behavior of physical phenomena and systems which may be represented to a good degree of approximation by linear models. Emphasis is placed upon the unity resulting from the mathematical…

Electrical stimulation superimposed onto voluntary muscular contraction.

PubMed

Paillard, Thierry; Noé, Frédéric; Passelergue, Philippe; Dupui, Philippe

2005-01-01

Electrical stimulation (ES) reverses the order of recruitment of motor units (MU) observed with voluntary muscular contraction (VOL) since under ES, large MU are recruited before small MU. The superimposition of ES onto VOL (superimposed technique: application of an electrical stimulus during a voluntary muscle action) can theoretically activate more motor units than VOL performed alone, which can engender an increase of the contraction force. Two superimposed techniques can be used: (i) the twitch interpolation technique (ITT), which consists of interjecting an electrical stimulus onto the muscle nerve; and (ii) the percutaneous superimposed electrical stimulation technique (PST), where the stimulation is applied to the muscle belly. These two superimposed techniques can be used to evaluate the ability to fully activate a muscle. They can thus be employed to distinguish the central or peripheral nature of fatigue after exhausting exercise. In general, whatever the technique employed, the superimposition of ES onto volitional exercise does not recruit more MU than VOL, except with eccentric actions. Nevertheless, the neuromuscular response associated with the use of the superimposed technique (ITT and PST) depends on the parameter of the superimposed current. The sex and the training level of the subjects can also modify the physiological impact of the superimposed technique. Although the motor control differs drastically between training with ES and VOL, the integration of the superimposed technique in training programmes with healthy subjects does not reveal significant benefits compared with programmes performed only with voluntary exercises. Nevertheless, in a therapeutic context, training programmes using ES superimposition compensate volume and muscle strength deficit with more efficiency than programmes using VOL or ES separately.

On testing of the photometer-polarimeter UVP layout using a telescope on Earth's surface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nevodovskyi, P. V.; Vidmachenko, A. P.; Morozhenko, O. V.; Zbrutskyi, O.; Ivakhiv, O. V.

2016-08-01

One of the causes of climate change (changing of concentration of stratospheric ozone) - is variations due to aerosol optical thickness in the upper layers of Earth's atmosphere. To solve the problem is necessary to make a space experiment to receive polarization observational data. Their analysis will: determine the value of the real part of the refractive index, the size of the stratospheric aerosol, optical thickness of the stratospheric aerosol layer, investigate aerosol's layer horizontal structure and its changes over time. Main Astronomical Observatory of NAS of Ukraine jointly with the National Technical University of Ukraine "KPI" and National University "Lviv Polytechnic" for a long time working on the design of polarimeter to study the stratospheric layer of the Earth from board of artificial satellites. During this time accumulated a great experience in such work, and created a layout of compact board ultraviolet polarimeter UFP [1-4]. For testing of ground variant of layout of UFP, it is installed on the telescope AZT-2 of the Main Astronomical Observatory NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv). Using it we plan to investigate the possibility of determining the degree of polarization of the twilight glow of Earth's atmosphere, and implementation of this technique in the development of space experiment on investigation of the stratospheric aerosol from space. For this purpose we develop a special set of equipment that will adapt the layout for working of UFP with telescope AZT-2, and carry out the above mentioned work (see. in [5-7]). References. 1. P. Nevodovskyi, O. Morozhenko, A. Vidmachenko, O. Ivakhiv, M. Geraimchuk, O. Zbrutskyi. Tiny Ultraviolet Polarimeter for Earth Stratosphere from Space Investigation // Proceedings of 8th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications (IDAACS'2015). 24-26 September 2015, Proceedings. Warsaw, Poland. Vol.81, p. 28-32. 2. Nevodovsksiy P. V., Morozhenko A. V. Studies of stratospheric ozone layer from near-earth orbit utilizing ultraviolet polarimeter // Acta Astronautica. 2009, vol. 64, no 1, p. 54-58. 3. Nevodovskij P. V. Kvantakons and optimization of their parameters for astronomical observations Kinematika i Fizika Nebesnykh Tel. 2001, vol. 17, no. 3, p. 279-288. 4. A. P. Vid'machenko, P. V. Nevodovsky. A cooled photomultiplier with an InGaAs photocathode developed for the spectropolarimetry observations // Kinematika i Fizika Nebesnykh Tel. 2000. Suppl. 3, p. 283-285. 5. Morozhenko A. V., Vidmachenko A. P., Nevodovskiy P. V., Kostogryz N. M. On the efficiency of polarization measurements while studying aerosols in the terrestrial atmosphere // Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies. 2014, vol. 30, no. 1, p. 11-21. 6. A.V. Morozhenko, A.P. Vidmachenko, P.V. Nevodovskyi. Aerosol in the upper layer of earth's atmosphere // Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies. 2013, vol. 29, no. 5, p. 243-246. 7. Morozhenko A.V. Polarimetry of twilight sky and stratospheric aerosol // Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies. 2010, vol. 26, no. 1, p. 36-38.

Emergency Management Benchmarking Study: Lessons for Increasing Supply Chain Resilience

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

studied if public-private partnerships could improve community resilience . In essence they concluded that in order to achieve community resilience , public...improve community resilience in times of disaster. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 39, No. 5, pp. 343

Development of a Spray System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Platform

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-01

Applied Engineering in Agriculture Vol. 25(6): 803‐809 2009 American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers ISSN 0883-8542 803...Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18 804 APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE non‐chemical or least toxic chemical techniques...and electrically shielded (fig. 4). 806 APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE Figure 2. Computer‐aided model and design of the tank with baffles, and

Ion cyclotron emission from energetic fusion products in tokamak plasmas: A full-wave calculation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Batchelor, D.B.; Jaeger, E.F.; Colestock, P.L.

1989-06-01

A full-wave ion cyclotron resonant heating (ICRH) code has been modified to allow calculation of cyclotron emission from energetic ions in tokamaks. The immediate application is to fusion alpha particles in near-ignition devices. This permits detailed evaluation of proposed alpha particle diagnostics (Proceedings of the Thirteenth European Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Heating, Schliersee, Federal Republic of Germany, 1986, edited by G. Briffod and M. Kaufmann (European Physical Society, Petit-Lancy, Switzerland, 1986), Part 1, Vol. 2, p. 37.) This full-wave approach automatically takes into account wall reflections, standing waves, and plasma absorption and overcomes the difficulties inherent in attemptingmore » to apply conventional geometrical optics to long wavelengths. By calculating the coherent radiation field caused by an ensemble of localized current sources (and retaining the phase information), the directivity of pickup antennas is correctly represented.« less

Determination of trace elements in bovine semen samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and data mining techniques for identification of bovine class.

PubMed

Aguiar, G F M; Batista, B L; Rodrigues, J L; Silva, L R S; Campiglia, A D; Barbosa, R M; Barbosa, F

2012-12-01

The reproductive performance of cattle may be influenced by several factors, but mineral imbalances are crucial in terms of direct effects on reproduction. Several studies have shown that elements such as calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, selenium, and zinc are essential for reproduction and can prevent oxidative stress. However, toxic elements such as lead, nickel, and arsenic can have adverse effects on reproduction. In this paper, we applied a simple and fast method of multi-element analysis to bovine semen samples from Zebu and European classes used in reproduction programs and artificial insemination. Samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS) using aqueous medium calibration and the samples were diluted in a proportion of 1:50 in a solution containing 0.01% (vol/vol) Triton X-100 and 0.5% (vol/vol) nitric acid. Rhodium, iridium, and yttrium were used as the internal standards for ICP-MS analysis. To develop a reliable method of tracing the class of bovine semen, we used data mining techniques that make it possible to classify unknown samples after checking the differentiation of known-class samples. Based on the determination of 15 elements in 41 samples of bovine semen, 3 machine-learning tools for classification were applied to determine cattle class. Our results demonstrate the potential of support vector machine (SVM), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and random forest (RF) chemometric tools to identify cattle class. Moreover, the selection tools made it possible to reduce the number of chemical elements needed from 15 to just 8. Copyright © 2012 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Microstructural evolution and sliding wear studies of copper-alumina micro- and nano-composites fabricated by spark plasma sintering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dash, Khushbu; Chaira, Debasis; Ray, Bankim Chandra

2015-05-01

Copper-alumina nanocomposites of 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7 vol.% alumina (average size <50 nm) reinforced in copper matrix were fabricated using spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. Another set of microcomposites containing 1, 5, 20 vol.% of alumina (average size ˜10 μm) had been fabricated to compare the physical as well as mechanical attributes of composites with variation of reinforcement particle size. These micro- and nano-composites have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) followed by microhardness, nanoindentation hardness, and wear measurements. It has been found that hardness values are higher for nanocomposites as compared to microcomposites. It is also found that wear resistance increases with increasing alumina content. The microcomposites show better wear resistance than nanocomposites for the same composition. The interaction of copper and alumina results in the formation of CuAlO2 which manifests differential interfacial phenomenon. We have obtained 95.82% densification and 93.17 HV hardness for spark plasma sintered Cu-20 vol.% Al2O3 microcomposite. The wear rate is appreciably low, that is, 0.86×10-4 mm3N-1m-1 for 20 vol.% alumina reinforced copper microcomposite.

The Effects of Physical Conditioning on Mental Performance

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-10-04

Effect of one-minute and five-minute step-ups on performance of simple addition. Research Quarterly 39: 81-85, 1968. Halberg, F. Chronobiology . Annual... performance , vol.8: 73-80, 1955. Terjung, R.L., and W.W. Winder. Exercise and thyroid function. Med. Sci. Sports 7: 20, 1975. Thompson, E.G., I.T...MEDICAL CENTER WILFORD HALL AIR FORCE MEDICAL CENTER Title of Thesis: "The Effects of Physical Conditioning on Mental Performance " Name of

The Development and Implementation of a Minimum Objective System in the Hinesburg Elementary School. Hinesburg Elementary School Minimum Objectives for Science, Physical Education, Music, Library. Appendix B: Vol. 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morse, Margaret; And Others

The appendix to the report of the minimum objective system of the Hinesburg Elementary School (Vermont) includes objectives for science, physical education, music, and library skills, from the kindergarten through grade 6 levels. Most objectives are presented in the format of condition (or task), student behavior, and criteria. Also included are…

Blood Volume Response to Physical Activity and Inactivity

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-07-01

feedback to promote volume excretion and maintain blood volume at its normal baseline level. Physical activity does not alter either arterial pressure or...although this is less clear. The increase in total blood volume then increases the ability to maintain a high stroke volume and a lower heart rate for...compelling evidence that reduced blood vol- ume with age may be a result of a sedentary, high caloric lifestyle rather than the aging process. There

A New Interface Specification Methodology and its Application to Transducer Synthesis

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-05-01

structural, and physical. Within each domain descriptive methods are distinguished by the level of abstraction they emphasize. The Gajski -Kuhn Y...4.2. The Gajski -Kuhn Y-chart’s three axes correspond to three different domains for describing designs: behavioral, structural, and physical. The...Gajski83] D. Gajski , R. Kuhn, Guest Editors’ Introduction: New VLSI Tools, IEEE Computer, Vol. 16, No. 12, December 1983. [Girczyc85] E. Girczyc, R

The feasibility of a regional CTDI{sub vol} to estimate organ dose from tube current modulated CT exams

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Khatonabadi, Maryam; Kim, Hyun J.; Lu, Peiyun

Purpose: In AAPM Task Group 204, the size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) was developed by providing size adjustment factors which are applied to the Computed Tomography (CT) standardized dose metric, CTDI{sub vol}. However, that work focused on fixed tube current scans and did not specifically address tube current modulation (TCM) scans, which are currently the majority of clinical scans performed. The purpose of this study was to extend the SSDE concept to account for TCM by investigating the feasibility of using anatomic and organ specific regions of scanner output to improve accuracy of dose estimates. Methods: Thirty-nine adult abdomen/pelvis and 32more » chest scans from clinically indicated CT exams acquired on a multidetector CT using TCM were obtained with Institutional Review Board approval for generating voxelized models. Along with image data, raw projection data were obtained to extract TCM functions for use in Monte Carlo simulations. Patient size was calculated using the effective diameter described in TG 204. In addition, the scanner-reported CTDI{sub vol} (CTDI{sub vol,global}) was obtained for each patient, which is based on the average tube current across the entire scan. For the abdomen/pelvis scans, liver, spleen, and kidneys were manually segmented from the patient datasets; for the chest scans, lungs and for female models only, glandular breast tissue were segmented. For each patient organ doses were estimated using Monte Carlo Methods. To investigate the utility of regional measures of scanner output, regional and organ anatomic boundaries were identified from image data and used to calculate regional and organ-specific average tube current values. From these regional and organ-specific averages, CTDI{sub vol} values, referred to as regional and organ-specific CTDI{sub vol}, were calculated for each patient. Using an approach similar to TG 204, all CTDI{sub vol} values were used to normalize simulated organ doses; and the ability of each normalized dose to correlate with patient size was investigated. Results: For all five organs, the correlations with patient size increased when organ doses were normalized by regional and organ-specific CTDI{sub vol} values. For example, when estimating dose to the liver, CTDI{sub vol,global} yielded a R{sup 2} value of 0.26, which improved to 0.77 and 0.86, when using the regional and organ-specific CTDI{sub vol} for abdomen and liver, respectively. For breast dose, the global CTDI{sub vol} yielded a R{sup 2} value of 0.08, which improved to 0.58 and 0.83, when using the regional and organ-specific CTDI{sub vol} for chest and breasts, respectively. The R{sup 2} values also increased once the thoracic models were separated for the analysis into females and males, indicating differences between genders in this region not explained by a simple measure of effective diameter. Conclusions: This work demonstrated the utility of regional and organ-specific CTDI{sub vol} as normalization factors when using TCM. It was demonstrated that CTDI{sub vol,global} is not an effective normalization factor in TCM exams where attenuation (and therefore tube current) varies considerably throughout the scan, such as abdomen/pelvis and even thorax. These exams can be more accurately assessed for dose using regional CTDI{sub vol} descriptors that account for local variations in scanner output present when TCM is employed.« less

Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA) Grant Condition Waiver Program in Region 2

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Starting in October 1979, EPA Region 2 applied a special condition to many wastewater facilities’ construction grants (see Federal Register, Vol. 43, No. 188, September 27, 1978) to protect Environmentally Sensitive Areas(EASs) from induced development.

Mathematics, Vol. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bureau of Naval Personnel, Washington, DC.

The second of three volumes of a mathematics training course for Navy personnel, this document contains material primarily found at the college level. Beginning with logarithms and trigonometry, the text moves into vectors and static equilibrium (physics). Coordinate geometry, conic sections, and the tangents, normals, and slopes of curves follow.…

Turbulent Transport at High Reynolds Numbers in an Inertial Confinement Fusion Context

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-01

Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794 P . Rao1 Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics...scales, 1Corresponding author. Contributed by the Fluids Engineering Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING...Engineering SEPTEMBER 2014, Vol. 136 / 091206-1Copyright VC 2014 by ASME Downloaded From: http://fluidsengineering.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/ on

Exploring Formation Models for Ceres Tholi and Montes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ruesch, O.; Platz, T.; McFadden, L. A.; Hiesinger, H.; Schenk, P.; Sykes, M. V.; Schmidt, B. E.; Buczkowski, D.; Thangjam, G.; Raymond, C. A.; Russell, C. T.

2015-12-01

Dawn Framing Camera (FC) images of Ceres surface revealed tholi and mons, i.e., positive relief features with sub-circular to irregular basal shapes and varying height to diameter ratios and flank slopes. These domes and mounts are tentatively interpreted as volcanic constructs [1]. Alternative formation mechanisms, e.g., uplifting by diapirism or shallow intrusions [e.g., 2], could have also led to the observed features with different geological implications. FC images derived local digital elevation models reveal that the largest dome on Ceres (near Rongo crater) has a ~100 km wide base, concave downward margins with slopes of 10°-20°, a relatively flat top reaching altitudes of ~5 km relative to surrounding, and a summit pit chain of putative endogenic origin. A relevant mons on Ceres is a cone-shaped relief (10°S/316°E) with a ~30x20 km base, reaching a high of ~5 km relative to surroundings. Flank slopes approach a concave upward shape. These constructs are located in a complex geological area having resurfaced units with onlap contacts. Because of the varying morphometries of the reliefs, we explore several physical models of volcanic constructs, e.g., steep-sided dome and shield volcano. Physical models are based on radially spreading viscous gravity currents with a free upper surface [e.g., 3, 4]. Testing formation scenarios will exploit recently developed methods, such as time-variable viscosity and fixed-volume models [5], and constant flow rate models [6]. We aim to provide constraints on viable emplacement mechanisms for the different reliefs. [1] Platz et al. (2015), EPSC abstract 915, vol. 10; [2] Fagents, S.A. (2003), JGR, vol. 108, E12, 5139; [3] Huppert, H. (1982), J. Fluid Mech., vol. 121, pp. 43-58; [4] Lacey et al. (1981), EPSL, vol. 54, pp. 139-143; [5] Glaze et al. (2012), LPSC abstract 1074 ; [6] Glaze et al. (2015), LPSC abstract 1326.

Various divertor biasing configurations and improved divertor performance with biasing on Tokamak de Varennes (TdeV)*

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Decoste, R.; Lachambre, J.; Abel, G.

1994-05-01

Electrically insulated divertor plates are used on TdeV (Tokamak de Varennes) [18[ital th] [ital EPS] [ital Conference] [ital on] [ital Controlled] [ital Fusion] [ital and] [ital Plasma] [ital Physics] Berlin (European Physical Society, Petit-Lancy, 1991), Vol. 15C, Part I, pp. 1--141] to produce various biasing configurations, which can be decomposed into two basic modes. Plasma biasing, with a radial electric field [ital E][sub [ital r

Advanced Concepts: Enabling Future AF Missions Through the Discovery and Demonstration of Emerging Revolutionary Technologies

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-10-03

µmeteoroids, weather, vibrations... Asteroid Mining Breakthrough Physics No known feasible concepts. --- Concept NTF NMS NCA Primary Challenges for Launch...weather, vibrations... Asteroid Mining Breakthrough Physics No known feasible concepts. --- 8 2.2 Microwave Augmentation of Solid Rocket Motors16,17 As...Astronautica, Vol. 52, 1, pp. 49-75, 30 May, 2002. 7. Sonter, M.J., “The Technical and Economic Feasibility of Mining the Near-Earth Asteroids ,” Acta

Influence of substrate physical properties on container weed germination

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Container nursery substrates in the central and eastern U.S. are composed primarily of pine bark with lesser percentages of other amendments, including sphagnum peatmoss. Peatmoss is often amended from 0% to 40% (by vol.) to increase the water holding capacity of the substrate. The objective of th...

Icing Zones in a Warm Front System with General Precipitation

DTIC Science & Technology

1947-07-01

to the Bergeron- Findeisen theory of the forma- tion of precipitation; any large are& of cbntinuouti grecipita-. tion is characterized by the...Journal. of Xeteorology, vol. no. 3, September 194-6, pp. 57-77. 3,’ Findeisen , V. : Meteorologic.K&Physical Lfmitntions of Icing in the

Travelling Bubble Cavitation and Resulting Noise.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-03-02

pp. 22-26, 1968. 16. Il’ichev, V. I. "Statistical Model of the Onset of Hydrodynamic Cavitation Noise," Sixth All-Union Acoustic Conference...Collected Papers, Moscow, 1968. 17. Lyamshev, L. M. "On the Theory of Hydrodynamic Cavitation Noise," Soviet Physics-Acoustics, Vol. 15, pp. 494-498, 1970. 18

Research in Pulsed Power Plasma Physics

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-11-01

Principles and Techniques, vol. 1, J. E. Thompson and L. H. Luessen, eds., Martinus Nijhoff, The Netherlands,1986, pp2 63-315. I 12. Neri J. M., et al...choice of nuclear reactions on a * variety of targets is available. Acknowledgements Appreciation is expressed to Dr. Richard Peacock and Ms. Harriet

Edward Purcell and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)

Science.gov Websites

"development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in educated and inspired a generation of physicists, who refer to it often, and depend on it utterly.1 Purcell : A Precise Determination of the Proton Magnetic Moment in Bohr Magnetons; Physical Review, Vol. 76

Badger History, Vol. 29, No. 3, January 1976. Wisconsin Geography.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kanetzke, Howard W., Ed.

This document focuses on the physical environment of Wisconsin and describes how movement of glaciers during the Ice Ages formed Wisconsin's present topography. The journal contains short reading selections, stories, word lists, and activities designed to help elementary school students understand the causes and effects of glacial drift. Nine…

Parametric Instabilities of Electron Cyclotron Waves in Plasmas.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-03-01

Perkins, PPPL -1578 (1979). 7. C. S. Liu, in Advances in Plasma Physics, edited by A. Simon and W. B. Thompson (Wiley, N. Y. 1976) Vol. 6. p. 121. 8. V. K. Tripathi, C. S. Liu and C. Grebogi, Phys. Fluids 22, 301 (1979). II II II1I. .. ,

Physics in perspective: Recommendations and program emphases

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1972-01-01

Exerpted material from Physics in Perspective, Vol. 1, is presented on recommendations, priorities, and program emphases. The major recommendations are addressed to the Federal Government and support agencies, the physics community, and the educational community, including precollege, undergraduate, and graduate sectors. Approaches to the questions involved in establishing scientific priorities are discussed, and an approach is evolved which is based on the jury rating application of certain criteria to the program elements of a subfield. The question of national support level for the physics enterprise is also considered, and contingency alternatives are suggested such that whatever the level of available support, it may be used with maximum effectiveness.

Pre-clinical and Clinical Evaluation of High Resolution, Mobile Gamma Camera and Positron Imaging Devices

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-10-01

Downloaded on February 20,2010 at 10:55:59 EST from IEEE Xplore . Restrictions apply. STUDENSKI et al.: ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING METHODS FOR A BEDSIDE...February 20,2010 at 10:55:59 EST from IEEE Xplore . Restrictions apply. 208 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE, VOL. 57, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2010 from the...59 EST from IEEE Xplore . Restrictions apply. STUDENSKI et al.: ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING METHODS FOR A BEDSIDE CARDIAC SPECT IMAGING SYSTEM 209

NLC Newsletter

Science.gov Websites

November 2003 Vol. 4 No. 10 - 11 September 2003 Vol. 4 No. 9 August 2003 Vol.4 No. 8 July 2003 Vol.4 No. 7 Vol. 3 No. 9 August 2002 Vol. 3 No. 8 July 2002 Vol. 3 No. 7 June 2002 Vol. 3 No. 6 May 2002 Vol. 3 No . 2 No.10 August 2001 Vol. 2 No. 4 March 2001 Vol. 2 No. 3 February 2001 Vol. 2 No. 2 January 2001 Vol

Amateur endurance triathletes' performance is improved independently of volume or intensity based training.

PubMed

Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier; Delgado-Moreno, Rosa; González, Beatriz; Ortega, Javier; Ramos-Campo, Domingo Jesús

2018-04-12

The aim of the present research was to compare the effects in swimming and running performance, horizontal jump test, autonomic modulation, and body composition of four training weeks with emphasis on volume versus intensity in moderate trained triathletes. Thirty-two amateur triathletes (20 males and 12 females) were randomly divided in three different groups that performed 6 training session per week: Intensity (INT): training focused on performs intensity training Volume (VOL): training focused on performs volume training; and Control (CON): physical active group with no periodized training. Body composition, heart rate variability, horizontal jump test, swimming and 2000 m running test were tested before and after the training period. There were no significant differences between INT and VOL in running test. Furthermore, both INT and VOL training groups improved 50 m (p: 0.046 and 0.042 respectively) and 400 m (p: 0.044 and 0.041 respectively) swimming performance. Moreover, there were no significant differences among groups in any moment in HRV variables. No significant difference was observed for horizontal jump test and body composition between the INT and VOL group at any time. According to the results of the present study, four weeks of training with either high intensity or volume results to similar adaptations in endurance, horizontal jump test and body composition parameters in amateur triathletes. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Ionic Liquid-Doped Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Flexible Lithium-Ion Polymer Batteries

PubMed Central

Zhang, Ruisi; Chen, Yuanfen; Montazami, Reza

2015-01-01

Application of gel polymer electrolytes (GPE) in lithium-ion polymer batteries can address many shortcomings associated with liquid electrolyte lithium-ion batteries. Due to their physical structure, GPEs exhibit lower ion conductivity compared to their liquid counterparts. In this work, we have investigated and report improved ion conductivity in GPEs doped with ionic liquid. Samples containing ionic liquid at a variety of volume percentages (vol %) were characterized for their electrochemical and ionic properties. It is concluded that excess ionic liquid can damage internal structure of the batteries and result in unwanted electrochemical reactions; however, samples containing 40–50 vol % ionic liquid exhibit superior ionic properties and lower internal resistance compared to those containing less or more ionic liquids.

Preparation and Thermo-Physical Properties of Fe2O3-Propylene Glycol Nanofluids.

PubMed

Shylaja, A; Manikandan, S; Suganthi, K S; Rajan, K S

2015-02-01

Iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanoparticles were prepared from ferric chloride and ferrous sulphate by precipitation reaction. Fe2O3-propylene glycol nanofluid was prepared by dispersing Fe2O3 nanoparticles in propylene glycol through stirred bead milling, shear homogenization and probe ultrasonication. The nanofluid was characterized through measurement of viscosity, particle size distribution and thermal conductivity. The interactions between Fe2O3 nanoparticles and propylene glycol on the nanoparticle surfaces lead to reduction in viscosity, the magnitude of which increases with nanoparticle concentration (0-2 vol%) at room temperature. The thermal conductivity enhancement for 2 vol% nanofluid was about 21% at room temperature, with liquid layering being the major contributor for thermal conductivity enhancement.

Structural Changes and Material Transport in Al2O3-Supported Cu/Fe Spinel Particles in a Simulated Chemical Looping Combustion Environment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nealley, W. H. Harrison; Nakano, Anna; Nakano, Jinichiro; Bennett, James P.

2018-05-01

Alumina-supported Cu/Fe spinel particles were exposed to oxidation/reduction atmospheres at 800°C. Structural changes of the particles subjected to gas cycles between air and 10 vol.% CO-90 vol.% Ar were studied from physical data and real-time images collected using a confocal scanning laser microscope equipped with a heating chamber. Overall particle volume slowly expanded with cycles while surface roughness decreased. Cross-sections of the exposed particles showed segregation of Cu and Fe to the edges of inner grains, which may have acted as oxygen carriers during the exposures. The particles remained whole during the cyclic exposures without any noticeable structural breakdown.

Comparison of three different techniques for application of water solutions to Finn Chambers®.

PubMed

Frick-Engfeldt, Malin; Gruvberger, Birgitta; Isaksson, Marléne; Hauksson, Inese; Pontén, Ann; Bruze, Magnus

2010-11-01

With regard to contact allergy, the dose of a sensitizer per unit skin area is an important factor for both sensitization and elicitation, and therefore a known amount/volume of test preparation should be applied at patch testing. To compare three different techniques for the application of aqueous solutions to Finn Chambers, in order to determine the precision and accuracy of each technique when the recommended 15 µl volume is applied. Four technicians applied formaldehyde 1.0% aq. (wt/vol) and methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone 200 ppm (wt/vol) in sets of 10 onto Finn Chambers, with three different techniques: (i) micro-pipetting; (ii) dripping the solutions; and (iii) dripping the solutions followed by removal of excess solution with a soft tissue. Assessment of the variations was performed with the use of descriptive data. The ability to apply the exact amount was assessed by Fisher's exact test by categorizing each application as in or out of the range 12-18 µl. The micro-pipette technique had the best accuracy and precision, as well as the lowest inter-individual variation. The technique in which excess solution was removed had good precision, but failed in the application of the defined amount, i.e. 15 µl. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

The Long Wavelength Array (LWA): A Large HF/VHF Array for Solar Physics, Ionospheric Science, and Solar Radar

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-09-01

adds an extra dimension to both IPS and other observations. The polarization of the CME synchrotron emission observed by [3] will be of great...base funding. 8. REFERENCES 1. Kassim et al., The 74 MHz System on the Very Large Array, The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 172...The Long Wavelength Array (LWA): A Large HF/VHF Array for Solar Physics, Ionospheric Science, and Solar Radar Namir E. Kassim Naval Research

Physical Effects of Beach Nourishment on Sea Turtle Nesting, Delray Beach, Florida. Environmental Impact Research Program.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-10-01

Turtles (Cheidra serptina)," Canadian Journal of Zoology, Vol 62, pp 2401-2403. Hendrickson, J. R. 1958. " The Green Turtle , CheZonia mydas (Linn.), in...sea turtle nests in the United States are located in beaches that have been nourished or renourished. Questions have been raised about how physical...changes In the beaches will affect the nesting activities of these sea turtles that use nourished beaches for nesting.’) This study was conducted to

Elliptic Length Scales in Laminar, Two-Dimensional Supersonic Flows

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-01

sophisticated computational fluid dynamics ( CFD ) methods. Additionally, for 3D interactions, the length scales would require determination in spanwise as well...Manna, M. “Experimental, Analytical, and Computational Methods Applied to Hypersonic Compression Ramp Flows,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 32, No. 2, Feb. 1994

Book Review: A history of the ideas of theoretical physics: Essays on the 19th and 20th century physics (Vol. 213 of Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science). Salvo d'Agostino; Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London, 2000, 381pp., 173.00 US, ISBN 0-7923-6094-X

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nordmann, Alfred

2003-12-01

The title of Salvo d'Agostino's book suggests that it may contain a collection of various and sundry ideas from the history of theoretical physics. However, d'Agostino pursues something far more specific and compelling, yet also far more controversial: a history of the idea of theoretical physics. When, how, and why did physics become theoretical physics, and what did this shift mean? While some would argue that physics became theoretical at a time of stasis and sterility, perhaps decadence or crisis, d'Agostino considers the epistemological turn of physics liberating, productive, even empowering.

Ernest O. Lawrence and the Cyclotron

Science.gov Websites

Speed Protons Without the Use of High Voltages; Physical Review, Vol. 38, [Issue 4: 834, August 15, 1931 Report Download Adobe PDF Reader , August 27, 1952 Top Lawrence Honored: 1957 Enrico Fermi Award Science World to Think Big," Newsline, August 3, 2001. E. O. Lawrence Remembered, LBNL Conversation

Steven Chu: Laser Cooling and Trapping of Atoms

Science.gov Websites

biophysics. His thesis and postdoctoral work at Berkeley ... was the observation of parity non-conservation Physical Review Letters, Vol. 55, Issue 1; July 1985 Experimental Observation of Optically Trapped Atoms page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site. Website Policies

Physical Characteristics of Some Soils from the Middle East

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-05-01

prove useful to others as well. 14 References Berlin, G.L., Tarabzouni, M.A., Al-Naser, A.H., Sheikho, K.M. and Larson, R.W. 1986. SIR-B subsurface ... imaging of a sand-buried landscape: Al Labbah Plateau, Saudi Arabia: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. GE-24, pp 595-602. Blom

Physical Bases of Aircraft Icing,

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-08-31

infinite size it is equal to zerc. huw~ver, the local coefficient of capture DOC =79116107 PAGjE does not depend on the avaial1 sia of wedge, but it...Limitalions and matherna- tical I,a-is ior predicting aircraft icing characteristics from scall -niodel studes Tran, ,ctun. of the ASMF. Vol. 70, N 8

Laser-Based Multiphoton Excitation Processes in Combustion Diagnostics

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-07-01

Free Two- Photon Spectroscopy of Hydrogen 1S-2S*," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 34, No. 6, pp.307-309, February 1975. 22. R.C. Sausa, A.J. Alfano , and...Information Agency ATTN: E. Grant ATTN: T.W. Christian West Lafayette, IN 47906 Johns Hopkins Road Laurel, MD 20707 2 Purdue University School of

Heisenberg Uncertainty and the Allowable Masses of the Up Quark and Down Quark

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Orr, Brian

2004-05-01

A possible explanation for the inability to attain deterministic measurements of an elementary particle's energy, as given by the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, manifests itself in an interesting anthropic consequent of Andrei Linde's Self-reproducing Inflationary Multiverse model. In Linde's model, the physical laws and constants that govern our universe adopt other values in other universes, due to variable Higgs fields. While the physics in our universe allow for the advent of life and consciousness, the physics necessary for life are not likely to exist in other universes -- Linde demonstrates this through a kind of Darwinism for universes. Our universe, then, is unique. But what are the physical laws and constants that make our universe what it is? Craig Hogan identifies five physical constants that are not bound by symmetry. Fine-tuning these constants gives rise to the basic behavior and structures of the universe. Three of the non-symmetric constants are fermion masses: the up quark mass, the down quark mass, and the electron mass. I will explore Linde's and Hogan's works by comparing the amount of uncertainty in quark masses, as calculated from the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, to the range of quark mass values consistent with our observed universe. Should the fine-tuning of the up quark and down quark masses be greater than the range of Heisenberg uncertainties in their respective masses (as I predict, due to quantum tunneling), then perhaps there is a correlation between the measured Heisenberg uncertainty in quark masses and the fine-tuning of masses required for our universe to be as it is. Hogan; "Why the Universe is Just So;" Reviews of Modern Physics; Issue 4; Vol. 72; pg. 1149-1161; Oct. 2000 Linde, "The Self-Reproducing Inflationary Universe;" Scientific American; No. 5; Vol. 271; pg. 48-55; Nov. 1994

Examination of Cement Pastes Hydrated Phases, and Synthetic Products by X-Ray Diffraction

DTIC Science & Technology

1972-04-01

International Union o, Crystallography Commission on Crystallo- graphic Data, Powder Data, Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol 4, pp 81-86, 1971 . 21...Papes, Research Series 1, Building Research Station, 1962. 25. l,, Dosch, Rbntgen-Ceinstrukturuntersuchu , luftemp’indlicher pulverprlparate, Zement- Kall

75 FR 6289 - Commission Guidance Regarding Disclosure Related to Climate Change

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-08

... Regarding Disclosure Related to Climate Change; Final Rule #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 75 , No. 25... Disclosure Related to Climate Change AGENCY: Securities and Exchange Commission. ACTION: Interpretation... requirements as they apply to climate change matters. DATES: Effective Date: February 8, 2010. FOR FURTHER...

Time-reversal symmetry in nonstationary Markov processes with application to some fluctuation theorems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Van Vliet, Carolyne M.

2012-11-01

Nonequilibrium processes require that the density operator of an interacting system with Hamiltonian H(t)=H0(t)+λV converges and produces entropy. Employing projection operators in the state space, the density operator is developed to all orders of perturbation and then resummed. In contrast to earlier treatments by Van Hove [Physica0031-891410.1016/S0031-8914(54)92646-4 21, 517 (1955)] and others [U. Fano, Rev. Mod. Phys.0034-686110.1103/RevModPhys.29.74 29, 74 (1959); U. Fano, in Lectures on the Many-Body Problem, Vol 2, edited by E. R. Caniello (Academic Press, New York, 1964); R. Zwanzig, in Lectures in Theoretical Physics, Vol. III, edited by W. E. Britten, B. W. Downs, and J. Downs (Wiley Interscience, New York, 1961), pp. 116-141; K. M. Van Vliet, J. Math. Phys.0022-248810.1063/1.523833 19, 1345 (1978); K. M. Van Vliet, Can. J. Phys. 56, 1206 (1978)], closed expressions are obtained. From these we establish the time-reversal symmetry property P(γ,t|γ',t')=P˜(γ',t'|γ,t), where the tilde refers to the time-reversed protocol; also a nonstationary Markovian master equation is derived. Time-reversal symmetry is then applied to thermostatted systems yielding the Crooks-Tasaki fluctuation theorem (FT) and the quantum Jarzynski work-energy theorem, as well as the general entropy FT. The quantum mechanical concepts of work and entropy are discussed in detail. Finally, we present a nonequilibrium extension of Mazo's lemma of linear response theory, obtaining some applications via this alternate route.

Significantly Enhanced Dielectric Performances and High Thermal Conductivity in Poly(vinylidene fluoride)-Based Composites Enabled by SiC@SiO2 Core-Shell Whiskers Alignment.

PubMed

He, Dalong; Wang, Yao; Song, Silong; Liu, Song; Deng, Yuan

2017-12-27

Design of composites with ordered fillers arrangement results in anisotropic performances with greatly enhanced properties along a specific direction, which is a powerful tool to optimize physical properties of composites. Well-aligned core-shell SiC@SiO 2 whiskers in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix has been achieved via a modified spinning approach. Because of the high aspect ratio of SiC whiskers, strong anisotropy and significant enhancement in dielectric constant were observed with permittivity 854 along the parallel direction versus 71 along the perpendicular direction at 20 vol % SiC@SiO 2 loading, while little increase in dielectric loss was found due to the highly insulating SiO 2 shell. The anisotropic dielectric behavior of the composite is perfectly understood macroscopically to have originated from anisotropic intensity of interfacial polarization based on an equivalent circuit model of two parallel RC circuits connected in series. Furthermore, finite element simulations on the three-dimensional distribution of local electric field, polarization, and leakage current density in oriented SiC@SiO 2 /PVDF composites under different applied electrical field directions unambiguously revealed that aligned core-shell SiC@SiO 2 whiskers with a high aspect ratio significantly improved dielectric performances. Importantly, the thermal conductivity of the composite was synchronously enhanced over 7 times as compared to that of PVDF matrix along the parallel direction at 20 vol % SiC@SiO 2 whiskers loading. This study highlights an effective strategy to achieve excellent comprehensive properties for high-k dielectrics.

Overview of Lockheed Martin cryocoolers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nast, T.; Olson, J.; Champagne, P.; Evtimov, B.; Frank, D.; Roth, E.; Renna, T.

2006-02-01

Lockheed Martin's Advanced Technology Center (LM-ATC) in Palo Alto, California, has been active in space cryogenic developments for over 30 years. In prior years, work focused on stored cryogen systems for temperatures up to 125 K. As the mechanical cryocoolers matured and demonstrated reliable operation these stored cryogen systems gradually became replaced. LM-ATC is currently developing solid hydrogen systems for temperatures below 7 K [Naes L, Wu S, Cannon J. WISE solid hydrogen cryostat design overview. In: Proceedings of SPIE, cryogenic optical systems and instruments XI, vol. 5904, August, 2005], but these coolers will soon be replaced by mechanical cryocoolers. This paper will present a summary of cryocooler developments at LM-ATC and will describe the recent performance of multiple stage systems. A four-stage pulse tube cryocooler developed under contract to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) has been recently developed and operated at 3.8 K [Olson JR, Moore M, Champagne P, Roth E, Evtimov B, Jensen J, et al. Development of a space-type-4-stage pulse tube cryocooler for very low temperatures, Adv Cryogen Engr, vol. 50, Amer Inst of Physics, New York, in press]. Coolers with one, two and three stages have also been widely developed [Nast TC et al. Miniature pulse tube cryocooler for space applications. Cryocoolers, vol. 11. New York: Plenum Press; 2000. p. 145-54; Olson J et al. Development of a 10 K pulse tube cryocooler for space applications. In: Ross R, editor. Cryocoolers, vol. 12. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers; 2003. p. 241-6; Nast TC et al. Lockheed Martin two-stage pulse tube cryocooler for GIFTS. Cryocoolers, vol. 13. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers; 2005; Frank D et al. Lockheed Martin RAMOS engineering model cryocooler. Cryocoolers, vol. 13. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers; 2005]. A staging approach is required to achieve very low temperatures, and also provides cooling at warmer temperatures, which is invariably beneficial in reducing heat loads to the lower temperature stages, or for cooling other system components. For example, our two-stage cooler [Nast TC et al. Lockheed Martin two-stage pulse tube cryocooler for GIFTS. Cryocoolers, vol. 13. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers; 2005; Frank D et al. Lockheed Martin RAMOS engineering model cryocooler. Cryocoolers, vol. 13. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers; 2005] is used to cool a low-temperature focal plane as well as a higher temperature optical sensor, using a single compressor and electronics at a substantial benefit in weight, reliability and cost.

Numerical simulation of systems of shear bands in ductile metal with inclusions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Plohr, JeeYeon N., E-mail: jplohr@lanl.gov; Plohr, Bradley J.

2016-02-15

We develop a method for numerical simulations of high strain-rate loading of mesoscale samples of ductile metal with inclusions. Because of its small-scale inhomogeneity, the composite material is prone to localized shear deformation (adiabatic shear bands). This method employs the Generalized Method of Cells of Paley and Aboudi [Mech. Materials, vol. 14, pp. 127–139, 1992] to ensure that the micro mechanical behavior of the metal and inclusions is reflected properly in the behavior of the composite at the mesoscale. To find the effective plastic strain rate when shear bands are present, we extend and apply the analytic and numerical analysismore » of shear bands of Glimm, Plohr, and Sharp [Mech. Materials, vol. 24, pp. 31–41, 1996]. Our tests of the method focus on the stress/strain response in uniaxial-strain flow, both compressive and tensile, of depleted uranium metal containing silicon carbide inclusions. We use the Preston-Tonks-Wallace viscoplasticity model [J. Appl. Phys., vol. 93, pp. 211–220, 2003], which applies to the high strain-rate regime of an isotropic viscoplastic solid. In results, we verify the elevated temperature and thermal softening at shear bands in our simulations of pure DU and DU/SiC composites. We also note that in composites, due the asymmetry caused by the inclusions, shear band form at different times in different subcells. In particular, in the subcells near inclusions, shear band form much earlier than they do in pure DU.« less

Numerical simulation of systems of shear bands in ductile metal with inclusions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plohr, JeeYeon N.; Plohr, Bradley J.

2016-02-01

We develop a method for numerical simulations of high strain-rate loading of mesoscale samples of ductile metal with inclusions. Because of its small-scale inhomogeneity, the composite material is prone to localized shear deformation (adiabatic shear bands). This method employs the Generalized Method of Cells of Paley and Aboudi [Mech. Materials, vol. 14, pp. 127-139, 1992] to ensure that the micro mechanical behavior of the metal and inclusions is reflected properly in the behavior of the composite at the mesoscale. To find the effective plastic strain rate when shear bands are present, we extend and apply the analytic and numerical analysis of shear bands of Glimm, Plohr, and Sharp [Mech. Materials, vol. 24, pp. 31-41, 1996]. Our tests of the method focus on the stress/strain response in uniaxial-strain flow, both compressive and tensile, of depleted uranium metal containing silicon carbide inclusions. We use the Preston-Tonks-Wallace viscoplasticity model [J. Appl. Phys., vol. 93, pp. 211-220, 2003], which applies to the high strain-rate regime of an isotropic viscoplastic solid. In results, we verify the elevated temperature and thermal softening at shear bands in our simulations of pure DU and DU/SiC composites. We also note that in composites, due the asymmetry caused by the inclusions, shear band form at different times in different subcells. In particular, in the subcells near inclusions, shear band form much earlier than they do in pure DU.

Does the presence of cosmic dust influence the displacement of the Earth's Magnetopause?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mann, I.; Hamrin, M.

2012-04-01

In a recent paper Treumann and Baumjohann propose that dust particles in interplanetary space occasionally cause large compressions of the magnetopause that, in the absence of coronal mass ejections, are difficult to explain by other mechanisms (R.A. Treumann and W. Baumjohann, Ann. Geophys. 30, 119-130, 2012). They suggest that enhanced dust number density raises the contribution of the dust component to the solar wind dynamical pressure and hence to the pressure balance that determines the extension of the magnetopause. They quantify the influence of the dust component in terms of a variation of the magnetopause stagnation point distance. As a possible event to trigger the compressions they propose the encounters with meteoroid dust streams along Earth's orbit. We investigate the conditions under which these compressions may occur. The estimate by Treumann and Baumjohann of the magnetopause variation presupposes that the dust particles have reached solar wind speed. Acceleration by electromagnetic forces is efficient in the solar wind for dust particles that have a sufficiently large ratio of surface charge to mass (Mann et al. Plasma Phys. Contr. Fusion, Vol. 52, 124012, 2010). This applies to small dust particles that contribute little to the total dust mass in meteoroid streams. The major fraction of dust particles that reach high speed in the solar wind are nanometer-sized dust particles that form and are accelerated in the inner solar system (Czechowski and Mann, ApJ, Vol. 714, 89, 2010). Observations suggest that the flux of these nanodust particles near 1 AU is highly time-variable (Meyer-Vernet, et al. Solar Physics, Vol. 256, 463, 2009). We estimate a possible variation of the magnetopause stagnation point distance caused by these nanodust fluxes and by the dust associated to meteoroid streams. We conclude that the Earth's encounters with meteoroid dust streams are not likely to strongly influence the magnetopause according to the proposed effect. We further use the expression for the magnetopause stagnation point distance used by Treumann and Baumjohann to investigate the possible influence of time-variable nanoddust fluxes on the magnetopause.

Time Domain Diffraction by Composite Structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Riccio, Giovanni; Frongillo, Marcello

2017-04-01

Time domain (TD) diffraction problems are receiving great attention because of the widespread use of ultra wide band (UWB) communication and radar systems. It is commonly accepted that, due to the large bandwidth of the UWB signals, the analysis of the wave propagation mechanisms in the TD framework is preferable to the frequency domain (FD) data processing. Furthermore, the analysis of transient scattering phenomena is also of importance for predicting the effects of electromagnetic pulses on civil structures. Diffraction in the TD framework represents a challenging problem and numerical discretization techniques can be used to support research and industry activities. Unfortunately, these methods become rapidly intractable when considering excitation pulses with high frequency content. This contribution deals with the TD diffraction phenomenon related to composite structures containing a dielectric wedge with arbitrary apex angle when illuminated by a plane wave. The approach is the same used in [1]-[3]. The transient diffracted field originated by an arbitrary function plane wave is evaluated via a convolution integral involving the TD diffraction coefficients, which are determined in closed form starting from the knowledge of the corresponding FD counterparts. In particular, the inverse Laplace transform is applied to the FD Uniform Asymptotic Physical Optics (FD-UAPO) diffraction coefficients available for the internal region of the structure and the surrounding space. For each observation domain, the FD-UAPO expressions are obtained by considering electric and magnetic equivalent PO surface currents located on the interfaces. The surface radiation integrals using these sources is assumed as starting point and manipulated for obtaining integrals able to be solved by means of the Steepest Descent Method and the Multiplicative Method. [1] G. Gennarelli and G. Riccio, "Time domain diffraction by a right-angled penetrable wedge," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 60, 2829-2833, 2012. [2] G. Gennarelli and G. Riccio, "Obtuse-angled penetrable wedges: a time domain solution for the diffraction coefficients," J. Electromagn. Waves Appl., Vol. 27, 2020-2028, 2013. [3] M. Frongillo, G. Gennarelli and G. Riccio, "TD-UAPO diffracted field evaluation for penetrable wedges with acute apex angle," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, Vol. 32, 1271-1275, 2015.

A new multiresolution method applied to the 3D reconstruction of small bodies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Capanna, C.; Jorda, L.; Lamy, P. L.; Gesquiere, G.

2012-12-01

The knowledge of the three-dimensional (3D) shape of small solar system bodies, such as asteroids and comets, is essential in determining their global physical properties (volume, density, rotational parameters). It also allows performing geomorphological studies of their surface through the characterization of topographic features, such as craters, faults, landslides, grooves, hills, etc.. In the case of small bodies, the shape is often only constrained by images obtained by interplanetary spacecrafts. Several techniques are available to retrieve 3D global shapes from these images. Stereography which relies on control points has been extensively used in the past, most recently to reconstruct the nucleus of comet 9P/Tempel 1 [Thomas (2007)]. The most accurate methods are however photogrammetry and photoclinometry, often used in conjunction with stereography. Stereophotogrammetry (SPG) has been used to reconstruct the shapes of the nucleus of comet 19P/Borrelly [Oberst (2004)] and of the asteroid (21) Lutetia [Preusker (2012)]. Stereophotoclinometry (SPC) has allowed retrieving an accurate shape of the asteroids (25143) Itokawa [Gaskell (2008)] and (2867) Steins [Jorda (2012)]. We present a new photoclinometry method based on the deformation of a 3D triangular mesh [Capanna (2012)] using a multi-resolution scheme which starts from a sphere of 300 facets and yields a shape model with 100; 000 facets. Our strategy is inspired by the "Full Multigrid" method [Botsch (2007)] and consists in going alternatively between two resolutions in order to obtain an optimized shape model at a given resolution before going to the higher resolution. In order to improve the robustness of our method, we use a set of control points obtained by stereography. Our method has been tested on images acquired by the OSIRIS visible camera, aboard the Rosetta spacecraft of the European Space Agency, during the fly-by of asteroid (21) Lutetia in July 2010. We present the corresponding 3D shape model of its surface and compare it with models obtained with the SPG and SPC methods. We finally illustrate the practical interest of our approach in geomorphological studies through an analysis of depth to diameter ratio of several craters and topographic properties of other features. Botsch, M., et al., "Geometric modeling based on polygonal meshes," Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Course Notes, 2007 Capanna, C., et al.: 3D Reconstruction of small solar system bodies using photoclinometry by deformation, IADIS International Journal on Computer Science and Information Systems, in press, 2012. Gaskell, R. W., et al.: Characterizing and navigating small bodies with imaging data, Meteoritics and Planetary Science, vol 43, p. 1049, 2008. Jorda, L., et al: Asteroid (2867) Steins: Shape, Topography and Global Physical Properties from OSIRIS observations, Icarus, in press, 2012. Oberst, J., et al.: The nucleus of Comet Borrelly: a study of morphology and surface brightness, Icarus, vol. 167, 2004. Preusker, F., et al.: The northern hemisphere of asteroid 21 Lutetia topography and orthoimages from Rosetta OSIRIS NAC image data, Planetary and Space Science, vol. 66, p. 54-63, 2012. Thomas, P. C., et al.: The shape, topography, and geology of Tempel 1 from Deep Impact observations, Icarus, vol. 187, Issue 1, p. 4-15, 2007

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tan, Xiao-Dong; Xu, Yun-Bo, E-mail: yunbo_xu@126.com; Yang, Xiao-Long

Microstructures composed of lath martensite and retained austenite with volume fraction between 8.0 vol.% and 12.0 vol.% were obtained in a low-C low-Si Al-free steel through hot-rolling direct quenching and dynamical partitioning (HDQ&DP) processes. The austenite stabilization mechanism in the low-C low-Si Al-free steel under the special dynamical partitioning processes is investigated by analyzing the carbon partition behavior from martensite to austenite and the carbide precipitation-coarsening behavior in martensite laths combining with the possible hot rolling deformation inheritance. Results show that the satisfying retained austenite amount in currently studied low-Si Al-free HDQ&DP steel is caused by the high-efficiency carbon enrichmentmore » in the 30–80 nm thick regions of austenite near the interfaces in the hot-rolled ultra-fast cooled structure and the avoidance of serious carbides coarsening during the continuous cooling procedures. The excellent strength-elongation product reaching up to 26,000 MPa% shows that the involved HDQ&DP process is a promising method to develop a new generation of advanced high strength steel. - Highlights: • HDQ&DP processes were applied to a low-C low-Si Al-free steel. • Effective partitioning time during the continuous cooling processes is 1–220 s. • Retained austenite with volume fraction between 8.0 vol. % and 12.0 vol. % has been obtained. • The special austenite stabilization mechanism has been expounded.« less

Defense Threat Reduction Agency > Research > DTRIAC > DTRIAC Dispatch

Science.gov Websites

@mail.mil with your submissions. DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 5, Issue 3 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 5, Issue 2 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 5, Issue 1 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 4, Issue 1 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 3, Issue 4 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 3, Issue 3 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 3, Issue 2 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 3, Issue 1 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol

Report of the Plasma Physics and Environmental Perturbation Laboratory (PPEPL) working groups. Volume 1: Plasma probes, wakes, and sheaths working group

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1974-01-01

It is shown in this report that comprehensive in-situ study of all aspects of the entire zone disturbance caused by a body in a flowing plasma resulted in a large number if requirements on the shuttle-PPEPL facility. A large amount of necessary in-situ observation can be obtained by adopting appropriate modes of performing the experiments. Requirements are indicated for worthwhile studies, of some aspects of the problems, which can be carried out effectively while imposing relatively few constraints on the early missions. Considerations for the desired growth and improvement of the PPEPL to facilitate more complete studies in later missions are also discussed. For Vol. 2, see N74-28170; for Vol# 3, see N74-28171.

Role of fuel chemical properties on combustor radiative heat load

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rosfjord, T. J.

1984-01-01

In an attempt to rigorously study the fuel chemical property influence on combustor radiative heat load, United Technologies Research Center (UTRC) has conducted an experimental program using 25 test fuels. The burner was a 12.7-cm dia cylindrical device fueled by a single pressure-atomizing injector. Fuel physical properties were de-emphasized by selecting injectors which produced high-atomized, and hence rapidly-vaporizing sprays. The fuels were specified to cover the following wide ranges of chemical properties; hydrogen, 9.1 to 15- (wt) pct; total aromatics, 0 to 100 (vol) pct; and naphthalene, 0 to 30 (vol) pct. They included standard fuels, specialty products and fuel blends. Fuel naphthalene content exhibited the strongest influence on radiation of the chemical properties investigated. Smoke point was a good global indicator of radiation severity.

Report of the Plasma Physics and Environmental Perturbation Laboratory (PPEPL) working groups. Volume 3: Magnetospheric experiments working group

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1974-01-01

A number of general studies that were proposed for the PPEPL-SHUTTLE program are considered in qualitative detail from both the theoretical and practical points of view. The selection of experimental programs was restricted to those which may be considered active as opposed to refinements of the passive observational programs done previously. It is concluded that, while these new studies were scientifically worthwhile and could be performed in principle, in most cases insufficient attention was paid to the practical details of the experiments. Several specific areas of study, stressing in particular the practical feasibility of the proposed experiments, are recommended. In addition, recommendations are made for further theoretical study, where appropriate. For Vol. 1, see N74-28169; for Vol. 2, see N74-28170.

Determining Asset Criticality for Cyber Defense

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-09-23

sciences area that may be applied to our situation. In particular, Analytic Hierarchy Process ( AHP ) [20] and Hierarchical TOPSIS [21] [22] are some examples...34 Mathematical and Computer Modeling, vol. 45, no. 7-8, pp. 801-813, 2007. 33 [22] Jia-Wen Wang, Ching-Hsue Cheng, and Kun-Cheng Huang, " Fuzzy

78 FR 66813 - Visas: Regulatory Exception to Permit Compliance With the United Nations Headquarters Agreement...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-06

... Visa Classifications; Final Rule #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 215 / Wednesday, November 6... Family'' for Certain Nonimmigrant Visa Classifications AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Final rule... classifications and also applies to foreign government officials who may be admitted in immediate and continuous...

Improving Markov Chain Models for Road Profiles Simulation via Definition of States

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-04-01

wavelet transform in pavement profile analysis," Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility, vol. 47, no. 4...34Estimating Markov Transition Probabilities from Micro -Unit Data," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C (Applied Statistics), pp. 355-371

The Columbia Accident: Synopsis of CAIB Report Regarding the Physical Cause of the Accident and and Personal Thoughts

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arnold, James O.

2011-01-01

This seminar describes the process of determining the physical cause of The Shuttle Columbia Accident. The presentation is based on the published CIAB Report, and is based mainly on Appendix F2, Vol IV of the CIAB report by J. O. Arnold, H. E. Goldstein and D. J. Rigalli. As a part of the seminar, I would also indicate how my education in Engineering Physics at the University of Kansas helped prepare me to accept the assignment to serve as an investigator for the CAIB. A similar presentation was given at Purdue in 2005. Presentation charts are attached.

A System Scale Theory for Fast Magnetic Reconnection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Knoll, D.; Chacon, L.; Lapenta, G.

2005-12-01

Magnetic reconnection is at the root of explosive phenomena such as solar flares, coronal mass ejections, plasmoid ejection from earth's magnetotail and major disruptions in magnetic fusion energy experiments. Plasmas in all the above mentioned cases are known to have negligible electric resistivity. This small resistivity can not explain the reconnection time scales observed in nature, when using the resistive MHD model. Recently much progress has been made considering the Hall MHD model. Hall physics has been shown to facility fast reconnection when the magnetic field shear scale length is in the order of the ion inertial length. However, in many systems of interest the initial scale lengths of the problem can not justify the use of Hall MHD. Thus a successful system scale theory must involve a current sheet thinning mechanism which brings the relevant scales down to the Hall scales. In this presentation we give examples of how naturally occurring hydrodynamic flows can provide such current sheet thinning [1,2,3] and where these occur in solar [4] and magnetosphere application [5]. We also discuss the primary obstacle for such flow to drive current sheet thinning, the build up of magnetic pressure, and how Hall MHD may overcome this obstacle. [1] Knoll and Brackbill, Phys. Plasmas, vol. 9, 2002 [2] Knoll and Chacon, PRL, vol. 88, 2002 [3] Knoll and Chacon, Phys. Plasmas, 2005 (submitted) [4] Lapenta and Knoll, ApJ, vol. 624, 2005 [5] Brackbill and Knoll, PRL, vol. 86, 2001

High shear mixing granulation of ibuprofen and beta-cyclodextrin: effects of process variables on ibuprofen dissolution.

PubMed

Ghorab, Mohamed K; Adeyeye, Moji Christianah

2007-10-19

The aims of the study were to evaluate the effect of high shear mixer (HSM) granulation process parameters and scale-up on wet mass consistency and granulation characteristics. A mixer torque rheometer (MTR) was employed to evaluate the granulating solvents used (water, isopropanol, and 1:1 vol/vol mixture of both) based on the wet mass consistency. Gral 25 and mini-HSM were used for the granulation. The MTR study showed that the water significantly enhanced the beta-cyclodextrin (beta CD) binding tendency and the strength of liquid bridges formed between the particles, whereas the isopropanol/water mixture yielded more suitable agglomerates. Mini-HSM granulation with the isopropanol/water mixture (1:1 vol/vol) showed a reduction in the extent of torque value rise by increasing the impeller speed as a result of more breakdown of agglomerates than coalescence. In contrast, increasing the impeller speed of the Gral 25 resulted in higher torque readings, larger granule size, and consequently, slower dissolution. This was due to a remarkable rise in temperature during Gral granulation that reduced the isopropanol/water ratio in the granulating solvent as a result of evaporation and consequently increased the beta CD binding strength. In general, the HSM granulation retarded ibuprofen dissolution compared with the physical mixture because of densification and agglomeration. However, a successful HSM granulation scale-up was not achieved due to the difference in the solvent mixture's effect from 1 scale to the other.

An approach to modeling coupled thermal-hydraulic-chemical processes in geothermal systems

USGS Publications Warehouse

Palguta, Jennifer; Williams, Colin F.; Ingebritsen, Steven E.; Hickman, Stephen H.; Sonnenthal, Eric

2011-01-01

Interactions between hydrothermal fluids and rock alter mineralogy, leading to the formation of secondary minerals and potentially significant physical and chemical property changes. Reactive transport simulations are essential for evaluating the coupled processes controlling the geochemical, thermal and hydrological evolution of geothermal systems. The objective of this preliminary investigation is to successfully replicate observations from a series of hydrothermal laboratory experiments [Morrow et al., 2001] using the code TOUGHREACT. The laboratory experiments carried out by Morrow et al. [2001] measure permeability reduction in fractured and intact Westerly granite due to high-temperature fluid flow through core samples. Initial permeability and temperature values used in our simulations reflect these experimental conditions and range from 6.13 × 10−20 to 1.5 × 10−17 m2 and 150 to 300 °C, respectively. The primary mineralogy of the model rock is plagioclase (40 vol.%), K-feldspar (20 vol.%), quartz (30 vol.%), and biotite (10 vol.%). The simulations are constrained by the requirement that permeability, relative mineral abundances, and fluid chemistry agree with experimental observations. In the models, the granite core samples are represented as one-dimensional reaction domains. We find that the mineral abundances, solute concentrations, and permeability evolutions predicted by the models are consistent with those observed in the experiments carried out by Morrow et al. [2001] only if the mineral reactive surface areas decrease with increasing clay mineral abundance. This modeling approach suggests the importance of explicitly incorporating changing mineral surface areas into reactive transport models.

Book review of "Biophysical Chemistry of Fractal Structures and Processes in Environmental Systems"

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The editors are N. Senesi and K.J. Wilkinson, and the book is published in 2008 by John Wiley and Sons, with 323 pages. This book is part of the IUPAC series on “Analytical and physical chemistry of environmental systems.” Nineteen generally well-known fractal scientists have contributed to this vol...

Decompression Mechanisms and Decompression Schedule Calculations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-01-20

phisiology - The effects of altitude. Handbook of Physiology, Section 3: Respiration, Vol. II. W.O. Fenn and H. Rahn eds. Wash, D.C.; Am. Physiol. Soc. 1 4...decompression studies from other laboratories. METHODS Ten experienced and physically qualified divers ( ages 22-42) were compressed at a rate of 60...STATISTICS* --- ---------------------------------------------------------- EXPERIMENT N AGE (yr) HEIGHT (cm) WEIGHT (Kg) BODY FAT

The Ecosystem Concept and Linking Models of Physical-Chemical Processes to Ecological Responses: Introduction and Annotated Bibliography

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-07-01

Schneider, D. C. 1994. Quantitative ecology. Spatial and temporal scaling. Academic Press. Shugart, H. H. 1990. Ecological models and the ecotone . In: The...ecology and management of aquatic-terrestrial ecotones . Man and the biosphere series, Vol. 4. ed. R. J. Naiman and H. Decamps, 23-36. Paris, France

Optical Correction Of Space-Based Telescopes Using A Deformable Mirror System

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-12-01

FPA). A fast 5 steering mirror is used to move the FOV within the FOR so that the spacecraft does not need to physically move to a new target as...technology review and development roadmap,” Astro2010: The Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal Survey, 2009, vol. 2010, p. 23. [8] D. Baiocchi, “Design and

Samuel C.C. Ting, the J/psi Particle (Charm), and the Alpha Magnetic

Science.gov Websites

discoveries provided the first experimental evidence for a fourth quark, "charm," that theoretical Reader , December 1965 Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle J; Physical Review Letters, Vol. 33 -- Eyewitness, PBS Top Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ

An Analytic Model for the Compression of Plasma Toroids

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-10-01

chamber are only 18 cm apart in the formation section, and the total chamber length can be several meters. The concept is to form a confined plasma ring , and...Focusing of Magnetically Confined Plasma Rings ," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 61, No. 25, pp.2843-2846, 19 December 1988. 2. Turner, W. C., Goldenbaum, G

Beyond the Desk. The ACTFL Foreign Language Education Series, Vol. 10.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Christensen, Clay Ben

The outer environment entails all the physical properties a person can perceive or sense from the exterior; the inner environment resides within the individual and may consist of two major properties: (1) one's degree of awareness and perceptual finesse; and (2) the affective domain. Because all of these factors influence learning, one part of…

Erratum: Erratum to: Journal of the Korean Physical Society, Vol. 71, No. 10

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shin, Dong Hee; Heo, Jin Hyuck; Im, Sang Hyuk; Lee, Rena; Kim, Kyubo; Cho, Samju; Lim, Sangwook; Lee, Suk; Shim, Jang Bo; Huh, Hyun Do; Lee, Sang Hoon; Ahn, Sohyun; Nobi, Ashadun; Lee, Jae Woo; Lim, Hyunwoo; Lee, Hunwoo; Cho, Hyosung; Seo, Changwoo; Je, Uikyu; Park, Chulkyu; Kim, Kyuseok; Kim, Guna; Park, Soyoung; Lee, Dongyeon; Kang, Seokyoon; Lee, Minsik; Cao, Jingtai; Zhao, Xiaohui; Li, Zhaokun; Liu, Wei; Gu, Haijun; Kang, In Ho; Na, Moon Kyong; Seok, Ogyun; Moon, Jeong Hyun; Kim, H. W.; Kim, Sang Cheol; Bahng, Wook; Kim, Nam Kyun; Park, Him-Chan; Yang, Chang Heon; Kim, Kyungil; Kim, Youngman; Lee, Kang Seog; Hong, Yoo-Seung; Cho, Chun-Hyung; Sung, Hyuk-Kee; Hyun, June-Won; Kim, Gang Bae; Lee, Ju Ho; Kim, Yeon Jung; Hwang, Seungjin; Jeong, Jihoon; Cho, Seryeyohan; Lee, Jongmin; Yu, Tae Jun; Lee, Kang Il; Lee, Geon Joon; Park, Gyungsoon; Choi, Eun Ha; Kim, Dong-Hwan; Jeong, Jun-Seok; Eom, Su-Keun; Lee, Jae-Gil; Seo, Kwang-Seok; Cha, Ho-Young; Ko, Young Joon; Kim, Hyun Soo; Jung, Jong Hoon; Jeong, Inho; Song, Hyunwook; Lee, B. C.; Jang, Hyunchul; Kim, Byongju; Koo, Sangmo; Park, Seran; Ko, Dae-Hong; Ahn, Kwang Jun; Cho, Sungwan; Kim, Sang Goon; Hong, Kimin; Shim, Seung-Bo; Jo, Myunglae; Cho, Sung Un; Park, Yun Daniel; Kim, Hee-Cheol; Kim, Seok

2017-12-01

Regrettably, due to a technical error during the production process, there were discrepancies in DOI of the mentioned articles between HTML and PDF files. The DOIs are correct in the PDF files but were incorrect in HTML. The original articles have been corrected. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience and confusion caused.

Microstructure and hardness of the Cu-SiC and Cu-diamond composites produced by vacuum hot pressing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Krishna, S. Chenna; Vikram, T.; Viswanath, S.; Subramanian, P. K.; Janardhana Reddy, J.

2018-03-01

In the present investigation, Cu-SiC and Cu-diamond composites with different volume percent of reinforcements were produced by vacuum hot pressing. Copper powder with different amount of SiC and diamond were hot pressed at 1000°C for 0.5 h at an applied pressure of 32 MPa. The achieved sintered density of the composites was in the range of 94-98 %. The sintered density decreased with an increase in the amount of SiC and diamond. Hardness of the composites improved with an increase in the volume percent of the reinforcements. Hardness of the Cu-30 vol.% diamond and Cu-30vol. % SiC composites was 88 VHN and 104 VHN, respectively.

Phenomenological and Theoretical Studies on Magnetic Indicators of Substorm Activity.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-03-21

Virginia, Geomagnetic Indices, in Physics of Geomagnetic Phenomena, Vol 1, p. 67, S. Matsushita and Wallace H. Campbell, ed., Academic Press, New York, 1967...magnetosphere, in Solar-Terrestrial Physics, eds. J. W. King and W. S. Newman, Academic Press, London, New York, pp. 213-274, 1967. 72 4. IONOSPHERIC...icitipottilt iii ito1 low tat ’Cide’s rrtl nt Ielt ace de~htiermied. I Iiur Imildelh to Ihle goCat IV reist riCted. ild FigUre 2br shows 1Kr Ith- ctli stintr

Nature

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heinhorst, Sabine; Cannon, Gordon

1997-01-01

The fact that two of the original articles by this year's Nobel laureates were published in Nature bears witness to the pivotal role of this journal in documenting pioneering discoveries in all areas of science. The prize for Physiology or Medicine was awarded to immunologists Peter C. Doherty (University of Tennessee) and Rolf M. Zinkernagel (University of Zurich, Switzerland), honoring work that, in the 1970s, laid the foundation for our current understanding of the way in which our immune system differentiates between healthy cells and virus-infected ones that are targeted for destruction (p 465 in the October 10 issue of vol. 383). Three researchers share the Chemistry award for their discovery of C60 buckminsterfullerenes. The work by Robert Curl, Richard Smalley (both at Rice University), and Harry Kroto (University of Sussex, UK) has led to a burst of new approaches to materials development and in carbon chemistry (p 561 of the October 17 issue of vol. 383). This year's Nobel prize in physics went to three U.S. researchers, Douglas Osheroff (Stanford University) and David M. Lee and Robert C. Richardson (Cornell University), who were honored for their work on superfluidity, a frictionless liquid state, of supercooled 3He (p 562 of the October 17 issue of vol. 383).

Emergence and Phase Transitions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sikkema, Arnold

2006-05-01

Phase transitions are well defined in physics through concepts such as spontaneous symmetry breaking, order parameter, entropy, and critical exponents. But emergence --- also exhibiting whole-part relations (such as top-down influence), unpredictability, and insensitivity to microscopic detail --- is a loosely-defined concept being used in many disciplines, particularly in psychology, biology, philosophy, as well as in physics[1,2]. I will review the concepts of emergence as used in the various fields and consider the extent to which the methods of phase transitions can clarify the usefulness of the concept of emergence both within the discipline of physics and beyond.1. Robert B. Laughlin, A Different Universe: Reinventing Physics from the Bottom Down (New York: Basic Books, 2005). 2. George F.R. Ellis, ``Physics and the Real World'', Physics Today, vol. 58, no. 7 (July 2005) pp. 49-54.

The effects of physical exercise and smoking habits on the expression of SPLUNC1 in nasal lavage fluids from allergic rhinitis subjects.

PubMed

Irander, K; Borres, M P; Ghafouri, B

2014-04-01

Palate lung nasal epithelial clone (PLUNC) is a family of proteins, which are proposed to participate in the innate immune defense against infections in the upper aero-digestive tract. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of SPLUNC1 in allergic rhinitis subjects with considerations taken to the mucosal function and smoking habits. The participants, recruited from a cohort followed from infancy, were re-examined at the age of 18 years regarding allergy development. Based on medical histories and skin prick tests the participants were classified into groups with persistent allergic rhinitis (n=18), intermittent allergic rhinitis (n = 8) and healthy controls (n = 13). Seven subjects (3, 2 and 2 in each group, respectively) reported smoking habits. The SPLUNC1 levels in nasal lavage fluids were analyzed by Western blot. Changes in the volume of the proper nasal cavity before and after physical exercise (Vol2(increase)) were analyzed by acoustic rhinometry. Compared to the control group the SPLUNC1 level was significantly lower in the persistent allergy group (3.8 ± 3.4 OD vs. 1.3 ± 1.5 OD; p = 0.02), but not in the intermittent allergy group without current exposure to allergens (3.6 ± 4.7 OD). No differences were found in Vol2(increase) between any of the allergy groups and controls. In smokers Vol2(increase) was significantly reduced (p < 0.01) and the SPLUNC1 levels were lower compared to non-smokers. A significant correlation was found between SPLUNC1 and Vol2(increase) (p < 0.01; r = 0.53) in non-smokers. Current allergen exposure has an impact on SPLUNC1 expression in nasal lavage fluid, why allergy ought to be considered in study populations where analyses of SPLUNC1 levels are included in the reports. The normal nasal decongestion after exercise was not affected by allergy in contrast to smoking habits. The correlation between SPLUNC1 levels and Vol2(increase) in non-smokers may indicate involvement of SPLUNC1in the regulation of the normal function of the nasal mucosa. Complementary studies are needed to confirm the smoke-related reduction of SPLUNC1 expression and to analyze the possible participation of SPLUNC1 in the nasal mucosa regulation. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Modeling the excitation of global Alfven modes by an external antenna in the Joint European Torus (JET)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Huysmans, G.T.A.; Kerner, W.; Borba, D.

1995-05-01

The active excitation of global Alfven modes using the saddle coils in the Joint European Torus (JET) [{ital Plasma} {ital Physics} {ital and} {ital Controlled} {ital Nuclear} {ital Fusion} {ital Research} 1984, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference, London (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1985), Vol. 1, p. 11] as the external antenna, will provide information on the damping of global modes without the need to drive the modes unstable. For the modeling of the Alfven mode excitation, the toroidal resistive magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) code CASTOR (Complex Alfven Spectrum in TORoidal geometry) [18{ital th} {ital EPS} {ital Conference} {ital On} {italmore » Controlled} {ital Fusion} {ital and} {ital Plasma} {ital Physics}, Berlin, 1991, edited by P. Bachmann and D. C. Robinson (The European Physical Society, Petit-Lancy, 1991), Vol. 15, Part IV, p. 89] has been extended to calculate the response to an external antenna. The excitation of a high-performance, high beta JET discharge is studied numerically. In particular, the influence of a finite pressure is investigated. Weakly damped low-{ital n} global modes do exist in the gaps in the continuous spectrum at high beta. A pressure-driven global mode is found due to the interaction of Alfven and slow modes. Its frequency scales solely with the plasma temperature, not like a pure Alfven mode with a density and magnetic field.« less

Flow reversal, convection, and modeling in the DIII-D divertor

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Boedo, J.A.; Porter, G.D.; Schaffer, M.J.

1998-12-01

Measurements of the parallel Mach number of background plasma in the DIII-D tokamak divertor [M. A. Mahdavi {ital et al.} in {ital Proceedings, 16th International Conference}, Montreal, 1996 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1997) Vol. I, p. 397] were performed using a fast scanning Mach probe. The parallel particle flow shows evidence of complex behavior such as reverse flow, i.e., flow away from the target plate, stagnant flow, and large scale convection. For detached discharges, measurements confirm predictions of convective flow towards the divertor target plate at near sound speed over large regions in the divertor. The resulting convected heatmore » flux is a dominant heat transport mechanism in the divertor. For attached discharges with high recycling, particle flow reversal in a thin region at or near the outer separatrix, thereby confirming the existence of a mechanism by which impurities can be transported away from the divertor target plates. Modeling results from the two-dimensional fluid code UEDGE [G. D. Porter and the DIII-D Team, {open_quotes}Divertor characterization experiments and modelling in DIII-D,{close_quotes} in {ital Proceedings of the 23rd European Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics}, 24{endash}28 June 1996, Kiev, Ukraine (European Physical Society, Petit-Lancy, Switzerland, 1996), Vol. 20C, Part II, p. 699] can reproduce the main features of the experimental observations. {copyright} {ital 1998 American Institute of Physics.}« less

Flammability limits of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway vent gas in air and the inerting effects of halon 1301

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karp, Matthew Eugene

Lithium-ion (rechargeable) and lithium-metal (non-rechargeable) battery cells put aircraft at risk of igniting and fueling fires. Lithium batteries can be packed in bulk and shipped in the cargo holds of freighter aircraft; currently lithium batteries are banned from bulk shipment on passenger aircraft [1]. The federally regulated Class C cargo compartment extinguishing system's utilization of a 5 %vol Halon 1301 knockdown concentration and a sustained 3 %vol Halon 1301 may not be sufficient at inerting lithium-ion battery vent gas and air mixtures [2]. At 5 %vol Halon 1301 the flammability limits of lithium-ion premixed battery vent gas (Li-Ion pBVG) in air range from 13.80 %vol to 26.07 %vol Li-Ion pBVG. Testing suggests that 8.59 %vol Halon 1301 is required to render all ratios of the Li-Ion pBVG in air inert. The lower flammability limit (LFL) and upper flammability limit (UFL) of hydrogen and air mixtures are 4.95 %vol and 76.52 %vol hydrogen, respectively. With the addition of 10 %vol and 20 %vol Halon 1301 the LFL is 9.02 %vol and 11.55 %vol hydrogen, respectively, and the UFL is 45.70 %vol and 28.39 %vol hydrogen, respectively. The minimum inerting concentration (MIC) of Halon 1301 in hydrogen and air mixtures is 26.72 %vol Halon 1301 at 16.2 %vol hydrogen. The LFL and UFL of Li-Ion pBVG and air mixtures are 7.88 %vol and 37.14 %vol Li-Ion pBVG, respectively. With the addition of 5 %vol, 7 %vol, and 8 %vol Halon 1301 the LFL is 13.80 %vol, 16.15 %vol, and 17.62 % vol Li-Ion pBVG, respectively, and the UFL is 26.07 %vol, 23.31 %vol, and 21.84 %vol Li- Ion pBVG, respectively. The MIC of Halon 1301 in Li-Ion pBVG and air mixtures is 8.59 %vol Halon 1301 at 19.52 %vol Li-Ion pBVG. Le Chatelier's mixing rule has been shown to be an effective measure for estimating the flammability limits of Li-Ion pBVGes. The LFL has a 1.79 % difference while the UFL has a 4.53 % difference. The state of charge (SOC) affects the flammability limits in an apparent parabolic manner, where the widest flammability limits are at or near 100 % SOC. [1] IATA. Lithium Battery Guidance Document. 7 Jan. 2016. Guidance for complying with provisions applicable to the transport by air of lithium batteries as set out in the 57th Edition of the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR). [2] Webster, Harry. Flammability assessment of bulk-packed, rechargeable lithium-ion cells in transport category aircraft. Office of Aviation Research, Federal Aviation Administration, 2006.

Leadership Training: The State of the Art

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-10-01

that no measures of actual leader performance were obtained. Moffie . Calhoon. and O’Brien (1964) reported a 20-hour course in problem solving and...Supervisors," Journal of Applied Psychology, 1960, Vol. 44, 224-232. Moffie , D.J., Calhoon, R., and O’Brien, J.K. "Evaluation of a Management Development

Science Books, Vol. 9, No. 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolff, Kathryn, Ed.

This quarterly publication contains reviews of trade books, textbooks, and reference works in the pure and applied sciences which are intended for students in the elementary and secondary schools and in the first two years of college. In addition, books on scientific topics intended for the general reader are reviewed, as are selected advanced and…

Science Books, Vol. 9, No. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolff, Kathryn, Ed.

This quarterly publication contains reviews of trade books, textbooks, and reference works in the pure and applied sciences which are intended for students in the elementary and secondary schools and in the first two years of college. In addition, books on scientific topics intended for the general reader are reviewed, as are selected advanced and…

Science Books, Vol. 10 No. 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolff, Kathryn, Ed.

This quarterly journal reviews trade books, textbooks, and reference works in the pure and applied sciences for students in elementary and secondary schools and in the first two years of college. Included are selected advanced and professional books useful for reference to students and teachers. Each book is reviewed and annotated by a qualified…

Psychology in the Schools in International Perspective, Vol. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Catterall, Calvin D., Ed.

The document is second in a series which examines actual and potential contributions of psychology toward solving problems of the world's schools. Written by school psychologists from 15 countries, this volume describes ways in which psychology is applied in the author's country, traces the background of school psychological services, reviews the…

Quality Control for Ordnance

DTIC Science & Technology

1957-01-01

Hafnium 181. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mercury 204.. Chromium 51...43 days I Mercury 197 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 hr R u t h i m 103...desfrzlclive T e s i i g , Vol. VI, No. 1, Sum" mer 1947, pp. 9-20. (72) K. Frerichs, "The Cadmium Sulphide X-ray Detector," J o w n d o/ Applied Pkys- its

78 FR 72255 - Medicare and Medicaid Programs; Home Health Prospective Payment System Rate Update for CY 2014...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-02

... Allocation of Home Health Survey Expenses; Final Rule #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 78 , No. 231 / Monday... Requirements, and Cost Allocation of Home Health Survey Expenses AGENCY: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid... HHAs, the state's designated survey agency carry out certain other responsibilities that already apply...

New Physical Optics Method for Curvilinear Refractive Surfaces and its Verification in the Design and Testing of W-band Dual-Aspheric Lenses

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-10-01

its Verification in the Design and Testing of W-band Dual-Aspheric Lenses A. Altintas and V. Yurchenko EEE Department, Bilkent University Ankara...Theory and Techn., Vol. 55, 239, 2007 [5] ZEMAX Development Corporation, Zemax- EE , http://www.zemax.com/ [6] Pasqualini D. and Maci S., ”High-Frequency

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Multiple Shock Wave/Turbulent Boundary Layer Interactions in a Rectangular Duct

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-06

the bottom % kall followin,, the interaction. At 6Wuh = 0.35 the shock train would not stay attached to a single wall long enough for the surface...Interaction of a Shock Wave with a Laminar Boundary Layer," Lecture Notes in Physics, Vol. 8, Springer-Verlag, 1971 , pp. 151-163. 51 MacCormack, R. W

USSR Report, Physics and Mathematics

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-08-20

TEKHNICHESKIY FIZIKI, No 6(148), Nov-Dec 84) 80 Thermodynamic Potential of Quark -Antiquark Plasma in Constant Chromomagnetic Field CSh. S. Agayev... QUARK -ANTIQUARK PLASMA IN CONSTANT CHROMOMAGNETIC FIELD Tomsk IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY: FIZIKA in Russian Vol 28, No 1, Jan 85...Automation Institute; Moscow State University imeni M. V. Lomonosov [Abstract] Light-neutral quark -antiquark plasma in a constant optical magnetic

Chicago Monostatic Acoustic Vortex Sensing System. Volume IV. Wake Vortex Decay.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-07-01

analysis here, the peak velocity core radius cannot be directly compared to the present results. If one applies the analysis of Table 10 to the LDV vortex...Tietjens, O.G., Applied Hydro- and Aeromechanics, Dover, New York, 1957, pp. 158-163. 11. Hallock, J.N., "Vortex Advisory System Safety Analysis, Vol. I...Stability and Control Characteristics Model DC-9-30 Jet Transport," LB-32323, Dec. 1966 (revised Oct. 1968), Douglas Aircraft Company , Long Beach, CA. 13

Comparing Examples: WebAssign versus Textbook

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Richards, Evan; Polak, Jeff; Hardin, Ashley; Risley, John, , Dr.

2005-11-01

Research shows students can learn from worked examples.^1 This pilot study compared two groups of students' performance (10 each) in solving physics problems. One group had access to interactive examples^2 released in WebAssign^3, while the other group had access to the counterpart textbook examples. Verbal data from students in problem solving sessions was collected using a think aloud protocol^4 and the data was analyzed using Chi's procedures.^5 An explanation of the methodology and results will be presented. Future phases of this pilot study based upon these results will also be discussed. ^1Atkinson, R.K., Derry, S.J., Renkl A., Wortham, D. (2000). ``Learning from Examples: Instructional Principles from the Worked Examples Research'', Review of Educational Research, vol. 70, n. 2, pp. 181-214. ^2Serway, R.A. & Faughn, J.S. (2006). College Physics (7^th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole. ^3 see www.webassign.net ^4 Ericsson, K.A. & Simon, H.A. (1984). Protocol Analysis: Verbal Reports as Data. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. ^5 Chi, Michelene T.H. (1997). ``Quantifying Qualitative Analyses of Verbal Data: A Practical Guide,'' The Journal of the Learning Sciences, vol. 6, n. 3, pp. 271-315.

Electrical modulus analysis on the Ni/CCTO/PVDF system near the percolation threshold

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Wenhu; Yu, Shuhui; Sun, Rong; Ke, Shanming; Huang, Haitao; Du, Ruxu

2011-11-01

A type of Ni/CCTO/PVDF three-phase percolative composite was prepared, in which the filler content (volume fraction) of Ni and CCTO was set at 60 vol%. The dependence of permittivity, electrical modulus and ac conductivity on the concentration of Ni and CCTO fillers near the percolation threshold was investigated in detail. The permittivity of the composites dramatically increased as the Ni content approached 24 vol%. This unique physical mechanism was realized as the formation of conductive channels near the percolation threshold. Analysis on the electrical modulus showed that the conductive channels are governed by three relaxation processes induced by the fillers (Ni, CCTO) and PVDF matrix, which are the interfacial polarization derived from the interfaces between fillers (Ni, CCTO) and PVDF matrix, and the polarization of CCTO ceramic filler and PVDF matrix. The conductivity behaviour with various Ni loadings and temperature suggested that the transition from an insulating to a conducting state should be induced by charge tunnelling between Ni-Ni particles, Ni-CCTO fillers and Ni-PVDF matrix. These findings demonstrated that the tunnelling conduction in the composite can be attributed to the unique physical mechanism near the percolation threshold.

Ammonia volatilization from a paddy field following applications of urea: rice plants are both an absorber and an emitter for atmospheric ammonia.

PubMed

Hayashi, Kentaro; Nishimura, Seiichi; Yagi, Kazuyuki

2008-02-15

Ammonia (NH(3)) volatilization from a paddy field following applications of urea was measured. Two lysimeters of Gray Lowland soil with a pH (H(2)O) of 5.7 were used for the experiment. Urea was applied at a rate of 50 kg N ha(-1) by incorporation as the basal fertilization (BF) and at rates of 30 and 10 kg N ha(-1) by top-dressing as the first (SF1) and second (SF2) supplemental fertilizations, respectively. Two wind tunnels per lysimeter were installed just after BF; one was transplanted with rice plants (PR plot), and the other was without rice plants (NR plot). Weak volatilization was observed at the PR plots after BF. By contrast, strong volatilization was observed at the PR plots after SF1 with a maximum flux of 150 g N ha(-1) h(-1); however, almost no volatilization was observed after SF2. The NH(3) volatilization loss accounted for 2.1%, 20.9%, 0.5%, and 8.2% of the applied urea at each application, BF, SF1, SF2, and the total application, respectively, for which only the net fluxes as volatilization were accumulated. The NH(3) volatilization fluxes from the paddy water surface (F(vol)) at the NR plots were estimated using a film model for its verification. After confirmation of good correlation, the film model was applied to estimate F(vol) at the PR plots. The NH(3) exchange fluxes by rice plants (F(ric)) were obtained by subtracting F(vol) from the observed net NH(3) flux. The derived F(ric) showed that the rice plants emitted NH(3) remarkably just after SF1 when a relatively high rate of urea was applied, although they absorbed atmospheric NH(3) in the other periods. In conclusion, rice plants are essentially an absorber of atmospheric NH(3); however, they turn into an emitter of NH(3) under excess nutrition of ammoniacal nitrogen.

A gyrokinetic collision operator for magnetized Lorentz plasmas

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu Chang; Ma Chenhao; Yu Xiongjie

2011-03-15

A gyrocenter collision operator for magnetized Lorentz plasmas is derived using the Fokker-Plank method. The gyrocenter collision operator consists of drift and diffusion terms in the gyrocenter coordinates, including the diffusion of the gyrocenter, which does not exist for the collision operator in the particle phase space coordinates. The gyrocenter collision operator also depends on the transverse electric field explicitly, which is crucial for the correct treatment of collisional effects and transport in the gyrocenter coordinates. The gyrocenter collision operator derived is applied to calculate the particle and heat transport fluxes in a magnetized Lorentz plasma with an electric field.more » The particle and heat transport fluxes calculated from our gyrocenter collision operator agree exactly with the classical Braginskii's result [S. I. Braginskii, Reviews of Plasma Physics (Consultants Bureau, New York, 1965), Vol. 1, p. 205: P. Helander and D. J. Sigmar, Collisional Transport in Magnetized Plasmas (Cambridge University, Cambridge, 2002), p. 65], which validates the correctness of our collision operator. To calculate the transport fluxes correctly, it is necessary to apply the pullback transformation associated with gyrocenter coordinate transformation in the presence of collisions, which also serves as a practical algorithm for evaluating collisional particle and heat transport fluxes in the gyrocenter coordinates.« less

Measuring attachment to life in old age: the Portuguese version of the Positive Valuation of Life Scale (Positive VOL).

PubMed

Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, Oscar; Teixeira, Laetitia; Azevedo, Maria João; Jopp, Daniela S; Rott, Christoph; Paúl, Constança

2015-10-01

This study aims to present the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Positive Valuation of Life Scale (Lawton et al. in J Aging Ment Healt 13:3-31, 2001). Sample included 207 community-dwelling elders (129 women; M Age = 77.2 years, SD = 7.5). The data collection included the translated and adapted Portuguese version of Positive Valuation of Life Scale, Life Satisfaction Index Z, Meaning in Life Questionnaire and Geriatric Depression Scale. From exploratory factor analysis, two factors emerged, existential beliefs and perceived control, explaining 49 % of the total variance. Both factors were positively related with meaning in life and life satisfaction and negatively related with depression (p < 0.05). The values obtained for internal consistency for the total scale and for each subscale were good (α > 0.75). The Portuguese version of Positive VOL Scale represents a reliable and valid measure to capture the subjective experience of attachment to one's life. The two-factor structure is an update to Lawton's previous work and in line with findings obtained in the USA (Dennis et al. in What is valuation of life for frail community-dwelling older adults: factor structure and criterion validity of the VOL, Thomas Jefferson University, Center for Applied Research on Aging and Health Research, 2005) and Japan (Nakagawa et al. in Shinrigaku Kenkyu 84:37-46, 2013). Future research is required to investigate VOL predictors and the potential changes toward the end of the life span.

Crystal-rich lava dome extrusion during vesiculation: an experimental study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pistone, M.; Whittington, A. G.; Andrews, B. J.; Cottrell, E.

2016-12-01

Lava dome-forming eruptions represent a common eruptive style and a major hazard on numerous active volcanoes worldwide. The influence of volatiles on the rheological mechanics of lava dome extrusion remains unclear. Here we present new experimental results on the rheology of synthesized, crystal-rich (50 to 80 vol% quartz crystals), hydrous (4.2 wt% H2O in the glass) dacites, which vesiculate from 5 to 27 vol% gas bubbles at high temperatures (483 to 797 °C) during deformation conducted in a parallel plate viscometer (constant stress at 0.64 MPa, and variable strain-rates ranging from 8.32•10-8 to 3.58•10-5 s-1). The experiments replicated lava dome deformation in volcanic conduits during vesiculation of the residual melt, instigated in the experiments by increasing temperature. During gas exsolution we find that the rheological lubrication of the system during deformation is strongly dictated by the imposed initial crystallinity. At low crystal content (< 60 vol%) strain localization within shear bands, composed of melt and gas bubbles that likely interconnect, controls the overall sample rheology. At high crystallinity (60 to 70 vol%) gas pressurization (i.e. pore pressure increase) within crystal clusters and embryonic formation of microscopic fractures drive the system to a brittle behavior. At higher crystallinity (80 vol%) gas pressurization triggers brittle fragmentation through macroscopic fractures, which sustain outgassing and determines the viscous death of the system. The contrasting behaviors at different crystallinities have direct impact on the style of volcanic eruptions. Outgassing induced by deformation and bubble coalescence reduces the system pressurization and the potential for an explosive eruption. Conversely, high crystallinity lava domes experience limited loss of exsolved gas during deformation, permitting the achievement of large overpressures prior to fragmentation, favoring likely explosive eruptions. These findings provide a dataset that might be used to constrain the physical properties of natural lava domes at active volcanoes and show how crystallinity and corresponding gas pressurization control dome growth rate and consequent eruption style.

Experiment on the Effects of Storage Duration of Biodiesel produced from Crude Palm Oil, Waste Cooking oil and Jatropha

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nanihar, Nadiarulah; Khalid, Amir; Mustaffa, Norrizal; Jaat, Norrizam; Sapit, Azwan; Razali, Azahari; Sunar, Norshuhaila Mohamed

2017-10-01

Biodiesel based on vegetable oil is an alternative that had various advantage in term of sustainability and environmental attractive compare to others conventional diesel. Biodiesel is product of any fat or oil that derived from any organic sources through a refinery process called transesterification process. This research investigates the effects of storage duration and variant ambient condition on the biodiesel properties and characteristics. In this study, there are three types of blending which is 5vol% blends ( 5vol% plant oil 95vol% diesel), 10vol% blending (10vol% plant oil and 90vol% diesel) and 15vol% blending (15vol% plant oil and 85vol% diesel) each called CPO5 (crude palm oil 5vol%), CPO10 (crude palm oil 10vol%),CPO15 (crude palm oil 15vol%), JO5 (jatropha oil 5vol%), JO10 (jatropha oil 10vol%),and JO15 (jatropha oil 15vol%) respectively. Biodiesel samples were stored at indoor condition and outdoor condition for a 3 months period. The fuel properties such as acid value, viscosity, density, water content and flash point are observed with the laboratory instrument. Flash point value and water content increased under both of indoor and outdoor condition and a steady data for viscosity and density. However, acid value at indoor condition nearly constant but increased dramatically for outdoor condition over the time.

Identifying the usage patterns of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and other oxygenates in gasoline using gasoline surveys

USGS Publications Warehouse

Moran, M.J.; Clawges, R.M.; Zogorski, J.S.

2000-01-01

Data on the volumes of oxygenates and other compounds in gasoline are available from several sources collectively referred as gasoline surveys. The gasoline surveys provide the most definitive knowledge of which oxygenate, if any, and what volumes of that oxygenate are being used in various areas of the country. This information is important in water-quality assessments for relating the detection of MTBE in water to patterns of usage of MTBE in gasoline. General information on three surveys that have been conducted by the National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research, the Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association, and the EPA was presented. The samples were tested for physical properties and constituents including octane number, specific gravity, and volumes of olefins, aromatics, benzene, alcohols, and various ether oxygenates. The data in each survey had its own utility based on the type of assessment that is undertaken. Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. Using NAWQA data, the percent occurrence of MTBE in ground water in metropolitan areas that use substantial amounts of MTBE (> 5% by vol) was ??? 21%, compared to ??? 2% in areas that do not use substantial amounts of MTBE (< 5% by vol). When several other factors are considered in a logistic regression model including MTBE usage in RFG or OXY gasoline areas (??? 3% by vol) as a factor, a 4-6 fold increase in the detection frequency of MTBE in ground water was found when compared to areas that do not use MTBE or use it only for octane enhancement (< 3% by vol).

On the thermal stability of physical vapor deposited oxide-hardened nanocrystalline gold thin films

DOE PAGES

Argibay, Nicolas; Mogonye, J. E.; Michael, Joseph R.; ...

2015-04-08

We describe a correlation between electrical resistivity and grain size for PVD synthesized polycrystalline oxide-hardened metal-matrix thin films in oxide-dilute (<5 vol. % oxide phase) compositions. The correlation is based on the Mayadas-Shatzkes (M-S) electron scattering model, predictive of grain size evolution as a function of composition in the oxide-dilute regime for 2 μm thick Au-ZnO films. We describe a technique to investigate grain boundary (GB) mobility and the thermal stability of GBs based on in situelectrical resistivity measurements during annealing experiments, interpreted using a combination of the M-S model and the Michels et al. model describing solute drag stabilizedmore » grain growth kinetics. Using this technique, activation energy and pre-exponential Arrhenius parameter values of E a = 21.6 kJ/mol and A o = 2.3 × 10 -17 m 2/s for Au-1 vol. % ZnO and E a =12.7 kJ/mol and A o = 3.1 × 10 -18 m 2/s for Au-2 vol.% ZnO were determined. In the oxide-dilute regime, the grain size reduction of the Au matrix yielded a maximum hardness of 2.6 GPa for 5 vol. % ZnO. A combined model including percolation behavior and grain refinement is presented that accurately describes the composition dependent change in electrical resistivity throughout the entire composition range for Au-ZnO thin films. As a result, the proposed correlations are supported by microstructural characterization using transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction mapping for grain size determination.« less

EHW Approach to Temperature Compensation of Electronics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stoica, Adrian

2004-01-01

Efforts are under way to apply the concept of evolvable hardware (EHW) to compensate for variations, with temperature, in the operational characteristics of electronic circuits. To maintain the required functionality of a given circuit at a temperature above or below the nominal operating temperature for which the circuit was originally designed, a new circuit would be evolved; moreover, to obtain the required functionality over a very wide temperature range, there would be evolved a number of circuits, each of which would satisfy the performance requirements over a small part of the total temperature range. The basic concepts and some specific implementations of EHW were described in a number of previous NASA Tech Briefs articles, namely, "Reconfigurable Arrays of Transistors for Evolvable Hardware" (NPO-20078), Vol. 25, No. 2 (February 2001), page 36; Evolutionary Automated Synthesis of Electronic Circuits (NPO- 20535), Vol. 26, No. 7 (July 2002), page 37; "Designing Reconfigurable Antennas Through Hardware Evolution" (NPO-20666), Vol. 26, No. 7 (July 2002), page 38; "Morphing in Evolutionary Synthesis of Electronic Circuits" (NPO-20837), Vol. 26, No. 8 (August 2002), page 31; "Mixtrinsic Evolutionary Synthesis of Electronic Circuits" (NPO-20773) Vol. 26, No. 8 (August 2002), page 32; and "Synthesis of Fuzzy-Logic Circuits in Evolvable Hardware" (NPO-21095) Vol. 26, No. 11 (November 2002), page 38. To recapitulate from the cited prior articles: EHW is characterized as evolutionary in a quasi-genetic sense. The essence of EHW is to construct and test a sequence of populations of circuits that function as incrementally better solutions of a given design problem through the selective, repetitive connection and/or disconnection of capacitors, transistors, amplifiers, inverters, and/or other circuit building blocks. The connection and disconnection can be effected by use of field-programmable transistor arrays (FPTAs). The evolution is guided by a search-andoptimization algorithm (in particular, a genetic algorithm) that operates in the space of possible circuits to find a circuit that exhibits an acceptably close approximation of the desired functionality. The evolved circuits can be tested by mathematical modeling (that is, computational simulation) only, tested in real hardware, or tested in combinations of computational simulation and real hardware.

Impact of uncoordinated plug-in electric vehicle charging on residential power demand - supplementary data

DOE Data Explorer

Muratori, Matteo (ORCID:0000000316886742)

2017-06-15

This data set is provided in support of a forthcoming paper: "Impact of uncoordinated plug-in electric vehicle charging on residential power demand," [1]. These files include electricity demand profiles for 200 households randomly selected among the ones available in the 2009 RECS data set for the Midwest region of the United States. The profiles have been generated using the modeling proposed by Muratori et al. [2], [3], that produces realistic patterns of residential power consumption, validated using metered data, with a resolution of 10 minutes. Households vary in size and number of occupants and the profiles represent total electricity use, in watts. The files also include in-home plug-in electric vehicle recharging profiles for 348 vehicles associated with the 200 households assuming both Level 1 (1920 W) and Level 2 (6600 W) residential charging infrastructure. The vehicle recharging profiles have been generated using the modeling proposed by Muratori et al. [4], that produces real-world recharging demand profiles, with a resolution of 10 minutes. [1] M. Muratori, "Impact of uncoordinated plug-in electric vehicle charging on residential power demand." Forthcoming. [2] M. Muratori, M. C. Roberts, R. Sioshansi, V. Marano, and G. Rizzoni, "A highly resolved modeling technique to simulate residential power demand," Applied Energy, vol. 107, no. 0, pp. 465 - 473, 2013. [3] M. Muratori, V. Marano, R. Sioshansi, and G. Rizzoni, "Energy consumption of residential HVAC systems: a simple physically-based model," in 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting. San Diego, CA, USA: IEEE, 22-26 July 2012. [4] M. Muratori, M. J. Moran, E. Serra, and G. Rizzoni, "Highly-resolved modeling of personal transportation energy consumption in the United States," Energy, vol. 58, no. 0, pp. 168-177, 2013.

Analysis of the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer contextual algorithm for small fire detection, Journal of Applied Remote Sensing Vol.3

Treesearch

W. Wang; J.J. Qu; X. Hao; Y. Liu

2009-01-01

In the southeastern United States, most wildland fires are of low intensity. A substantial number of these fires cannot be detected by the MODIS contextual algorithm. To improve the accuracy of fire detection for this region, the remote-sensed characteristics of these fires have to be...

New Tools for Hybrid Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-05-02

stability of a class of discrete event systems ", IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control , vol. 39, no. 2... stability , input/output stability , external stability and incremental input/output stability , as they apply to deterministic finite state machine systems ... class of systems , incremental 1/0 stability and external stability are equivalent notions, stronger than the notion of I/O stability . 15. SUBJECT

Modeling of Ionosphere Effects of Geomagnetic Storm Sequence on September 9-14, 2005 in View of Solar Flares and Dependence of Model Input Parameters from AE-and Kp-indices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klimenko, Maxim; Klimenko, Vladimir; Ratovsky, Konstantin; Goncharenko, Larisa

Earlier by Klimenko et al., 2009 under carrying out the calculations of the ionospheric effects of storm sequence on September 9-14, 2005 the model input parameters (potential difference through polar caps, field-aligned currents of the second region and particle precipitation fluxes and energy) were set as function of Kp-index of geomagnetic activity. The analyses of obtained results show that the reasons of quantitative distinctions of calculation results and observations can be: the use of 3 hour Kp-index at the setting of time dependence of model input parameters; the dipole approach of geomagnetic field; the absence in model calculations the effects of the solar flares, which were taken place during the considered period. In the given study the model input parameters were set as function of AE-and Kp-indices of geomagnetic activity according to different empirical models and morphological representations Feshchenko and Maltsev, 2003; Cheng et al., 2008; Zhang and Paxton, 2008. At that, we taken into account the shift of field-aligned currents of the second region to the lower latitudes as by Sojka et al., 1994 and 30 min. time delay of variations of the field-aligned currents of second region relative to the variations of the potential difference through polar caps at the storm sudden commencement phase. Also we taken into account the ionospheric effects of solar flares. Calculation of ionospheric effects of storm sequence has been carried out with use of the Global Self-Consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere and Protonosphere (GSM TIP) developed in WD IZMIRAN (Nam-galadze et al., 1988). We carried out the comparison of calculation results with experimental data. This study is supported by RFBR grant 08-05-00274. References Cheng Z.W., Shi J.K., Zhang T.L., Dunlop M. and Liu Z.X. Relationship between FAC at plasma sheet boundary layers and AE index during storms from August to October, 2001. Sci. China Ser. E-Tech. Sci., 2008, Vol. 51, No. 7, 842-848. Feshchenko E.Yu., Maltsev Yu.P. Relations of the polar cap voltage to the geophysical activity. Physics of Auroral Phenomena: XXVI Annual Seminar (February 25-28, 2003): Proc./PGI KSC RAS. Apatity, 2003, 59-61. Klimenko M.V., Klimenko V.V., Ratovsky K.G., and Goncharenko L.P. Numerical modeling of ionospheric parameters during sequence of geomagnetic storms on September 9-14, 2005. Physics of Auroral Phenomena: XXXII Annual Seminar (March 3-6, 2009): Proc./PGI KSC RAS. Apatity, 2009, 162-165. Namgaladze A.A., Korenkov Yu.N., Klimenko V.V., Karpov I.V., Bessarab F.S., Surotkin V.A., Glushenko T.A., Naumova N.M. Global model of the thermosphere-ionosphere-protonosphere system. Pure and Applied Geophysics (PAGEOPH), 1988, Vol. 127, No. 2/3, 219-254. Sojka J.J., Schunk R.W., Denig W.F. Ionospheric response to the sustained high geomagnetic activity during the March '89 great storm. J. Geophys. Res., 1994, Vol. 99, No. A11, 21341-21352. Zhang Y., Paxton L.J. An empirical Kp-dependent global auroral model based on TIMED/GUVI FUV data. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 2008, Vol. 70, 1231-1242.

Theoretical Studies of Rare Gas Halide Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-11-01

57.0 Present2 2.51 29 925 2736 62.5 Present 2.44 33 216 2728 56.0 Matcha and Milleur 2.57 21 940 2771 Chupka and 5 Russell 2.53 33 635 The basis set of...Xe+H." The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 68, No. 11, pp. 4917-4929, June 1978. 8. Matcha , R.L., and Milleur, M.B., "Theoretical Studies of

Career Education: Learning with a Purpose. Secondary Guide-Vol. 1. Art, English, Industrial Arts, Physical Education, Science, Field Trips and Guest Speakers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Atkinson, Marilyn; And Others

The guide offers a compilation of teacher developed career education materials which may be integrated with secondary level curriculum and, in some cases, complete unit or course outlines are included. Suggested activities and ideas are presented for the following five subject areas and their related units: art, English (activity suggestions for…

Interpersonal, Nonverbal, and Small Group Communication: Abstracts of Doctoral Dissertations Published in "Dissertation Abstracts International," July through December 1982 (Vol. 43 Nos. 1 through 6).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading and Communication Skills, Urbana, IL.

This collection of abstracts is part of a continuing series providing information on recent doctoral dissertations. The 20 titles discuss a variety of topics, including the following: (1) caregiver talk to toddlers in dyadic and polyadic care; (2) communication tactics for neutralizing verbal aggression; (3) physical attractiveness and nonverbal…

COED Transactions, Vol. IX, No. 3, March 1977. Evaluation of a Complex Variable Using Analog/Hybrid Computation Techniques.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marcovitz, Alan B., Ed.

Described is the use of an analog/hybrid computer installation to study those physical phenomena that can be described through the evaluation of an algebraic function of a complex variable. This is an alternative way to study such phenomena on an interactive graphics terminal. The typical problem used, involving complex variables, is that of…

On Coulomb collisions in the solar wind

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hellinger, P.; Travnicek, P. M.

2009-04-01

Collisional transport in anisotropic plasmas is investigated comparing theoretical predictions of the Fokker-Planck equation for bi-Maxwellian particle distribution functions (Kogan, 1961; Lehner, 1967) and results of the corresponding Langevin equation. References: Kogan, V. I., in Plasma Physics and the Problem of Controlled Thermonuclear Reactions, edited by M. A. Leontovich, Pergamon Press, New York, , vol. 1, 153, 1961. Lehner, G., Zeitschrift fur Physik, 206, 284, 1967.

Eliminate Bullying--A Legal Imperative. A Legal Memorandum: Quarterly Law Topics for School Leaders. Vol. 8, No. 2, Winter 2008

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kirby, Elizabeth

2008-01-01

Recent incidents of school violence have brought bullying to the nation's attention in a dramatic way. Research shows that approximately 30% of teens in the United States either bully, are targets of bullying, or both (National Youth, n.d.). Bullying causes adverse physical, psychological, and social effects. It erodes feelings of self-worth and…

Low Cost, Efficient Microcavity Plasma Ozone Generation for Water Remediation and Air Purification

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

Eliasson, and M. Hirth, “ Ozone Generation from Oxygen and Air: Discharge Physics and Reaction Mechanisms,” Ozone Sci. and Eng., vol. 10, pp. 367-378...Phase I Final Report: Low Cost, Efficient Microcavity Plasma Ozone Generation for Water Remediation and Air Purification...Contract Number: FA9550-11-C-0087 June 2012 Low Cost, Efficient Microcavity Plasma Ozone Generation for Water Remediation

Observations of Breather Solitons in a Nonlinear Vibratory Lattice

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-03-01

abundant ( Christiansen 1988) and applications are still under development. One application is in fiber optic communications, where the self-localized...were clearly two- dimensional. It may be that this degeneracy prevents the formation of breathers. 73 LIST OF REFERENCES Christiansen , P., 1988...1982, Solitons and Nonlinear Wave Eguations, Academic Press. Feynman, R., Leighton , R., and Sands, M., 1965, Lectures on Physics, Vol. III, Addison

Report of the Plasma Physics and Environmental Perturbation Laboratory (PPEPL) working groups. Volume 2: Wave experiments working group

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1974-01-01

The area of wave experiments for the PPEPL is considered in broad terms. It was found that most experiments in this area can be classified typically by a few generalized experiments. These experiment possibilities are discussed in terms of advantages, disadvantages, and probable areas for future investigation. It was concluded that the areas where wave experiments have the most promise are wave sources, wave propagation, and nonlinear interactions and should be implemented in that order. It was recommended that the PPEPL facility remain sufficiently flexible to handle new ideas as they appear, and a continuing effort should be made to solicit new ideas and approaches. It was also felt that detailed investigations should begin as soon as possible in the areas of antennas, both conventional and particle types, and wave-particle interaction experiments. For Vol. 1, see N74-28169; for Vol. 3, see N74-28171.

3D Modelling of Seismically Active Parts of Underground Faults via Seismic Data Mining

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frantzeskakis, Theofanis; Konstantaras, Anthony

2015-04-01

During the last few years rapid steps have been taken towards drilling for oil in the western Mediterranean sea. Since most of the countries in the region benefit mainly from tourism and considering that the Mediterranean is a closed sea only replenishing its water once every ninety years careful measures are being taken to ensure safe drilling. In that concept this research work attempts to derive a three dimensional model of the seismically active parts of the underlying underground faults in areas of petroleum interest. For that purpose seismic spatio-temporal clustering has been applied to seismic data to identify potential distinct seismic regions in the area of interest. Results have been coalesced with two dimensional maps of underground faults from past surveys and seismic epicentres, having followed careful reallocation processing, have been used to provide information regarding the vertical extent of multiple underground faults in the region of interest. The end product is a three dimensional map of the possible underground location and extent of the seismically active parts of underground faults. Indexing terms: underground faults modelling, seismic data mining, 3D visualisation, active seismic source mapping, seismic hazard evaluation, dangerous phenomena modelling Acknowledgment This research work is supported by the ESPA Operational Programme, Education and Life Long Learning, Students Practical Placement Initiative. References [1] Alves, T.M., Kokinou, E. and Zodiatis, G.: 'A three-step model to assess shoreline and offshore susceptibility to oil spills: The South Aegean (Crete) as an analogue for confined marine basins', Marine Pollution Bulletin, In Press, 2014 [2] Ciappa, A., Costabile, S.: 'Oil spill hazard assessment using a reverse trajectory method for the Egadi marine protected area (Central Mediterranean Sea)', Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol. 84 (1-2), pp. 44-55, 2014 [3] Ganas, A., Karastathis, V., Moshou, A., Valkaniotis, S., Mouzakiotis, E. and Papathanassiou, G.: 'Aftershock relocation and frequency-size distribution, stress inversion and seismotectonic setting of the 7 August 2013 M=5.4 earthquake in Kallidromon Mountain, central Greece', Tectonophysics, vol. 617, pp. 101-113, 2014 [4] Maravelakis, E., Bilalis, N., Mantzorou, I., Konstantaras, A. and Antoniadis, A.: '3D modelling of the oldest olive tree of the world', International Journal Of Computational Engineering Research, vol. 2 (2), pp. 340-347, 2012 [5] Konstantaras, A., Katsifarakis, E, Maravelakis, E, Skounakis, E, Kokkinos, E. and Karapidakis, E.: 'Intelligent spatial-clustering of seismicity in the vicinity of the Hellenic seismic arc', Earth Science Research, vol. 1 (2), pp. 1- 10, 2012 [6] Georgoulas, G., Konstantaras, A., Katsifarakis, E., Stylios, C., Maravelakis, E and Vachtsevanos, G.: 'Seismic-mass" density-based algorithm for spatio-temporal clustering', Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 40 (10), pp. 4183-4189, 2013 [7] Konstantaras, A.: 'Classification of Distinct Seismic Regions and Regional Temporal Modelling of Seismicity in the Vicinity of the Hellenic Seismic Arc', Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, IEEE Journal of', vol. 99, pp. 1-7, 2013

Radio-Frequency Plasma Cleaning of a Penning Malmberg Trap

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sims, William Herbert, III; Martin, James; Pearson, J. Boise; Lewis, Raymond

2005-01-01

Radio-frequency-generated plasma has been demonstrated to be a promising means of cleaning the interior surfaces of a Penning-Malmberg trap that is used in experiments on the confinement of antimatter. {Such a trap was reported in Modified Penning-Malmberg Trap for Storing Antiprotons (MFS-31780), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 29, No. 3 (March 2005), page 66.} Cleaning of the interior surfaces is necessary to minimize numbers of contaminant atoms and molecules, which reduce confinement times by engaging in matter/antimatter-annihilation reactions with confined antimatter particles. A modified Penning-Malmberg trap like the one described in the cited prior article includes several collinear ring electrodes (some of which are segmented) inside a tubular vacuum chamber, as illustrated in Figure 1. During operation of the trap, a small cloud of charged antiparticles (e.g., antiprotons or positrons) is confined to a spheroidal central region by means of a magnetic field in combination with DC and radiofrequency (RF) electric fields applied via the electrodes. In the present developmental method of cleaning by use of RF-generated plasma, one evacuates the vacuum chamber, backfills the chamber with hydrogen at a suitable low pressure, and uses an RF-signal generator and baluns to apply RF voltages to the ring electrodes. Each ring is excited in the polarity opposite that of the adjacent ring. The electric field generated by the RF signal creates a discharge in the low-pressure gas. The RF power and gas pressure are adjusted so that the plasma generated in the discharge (see Figure 2) physically and chemically attacks any solid, liquid, and gaseous contaminant layers on the electrode surfaces. The products of the physical and chemical cleaning reactions are gaseous and are removed by the vacuum pumps.

Dynamical coupling between magnetic equilibrium and transport in tokamak scenario modelling, with application to current ramps

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fable, E.; Angioni, C.; Ivanov, A. A.; Lackner, K.; Maj, O.; Medvedev, S. Yu; Pautasso, G.; Pereverzev, G. V.; Treutterer, W.; the ASDEX Upgrade Team

2013-07-01

The modelling of tokamak scenarios requires the simultaneous solution of both the time evolution of the plasma kinetic profiles and of the magnetic equilibrium. Their dynamical coupling involves additional complications, which are not present when the two physical problems are solved separately. Difficulties arise in maintaining consistency in the time evolution among quantities which appear in both the transport and the Grad-Shafranov equations, specifically the poloidal and toroidal magnetic fluxes as a function of each other and of the geometry. The required consistency can be obtained by means of iteration cycles, which are performed outside the equilibrium code and which can have different convergence properties depending on the chosen numerical scheme. When these external iterations are performed, the stability of the coupled system becomes a concern. In contrast, if these iterations are not performed, the coupled system is numerically stable, but can become physically inconsistent. By employing a novel scheme (Fable E et al 2012 Nucl. Fusion submitted), which ensures stability and physical consistency among the same quantities that appear in both the transport and magnetic equilibrium equations, a newly developed version of the ASTRA transport code (Pereverzev G V et al 1991 IPP Report 5/42), which is coupled to the SPIDER equilibrium code (Ivanov A A et al 2005 32nd EPS Conf. on Plasma Physics (Tarragona, 27 June-1 July) vol 29C (ECA) P-5.063), in both prescribed- and free-boundary modes is presented here for the first time. The ASTRA-SPIDER coupled system is then applied to the specific study of the modelling of controlled current ramp-up in ASDEX Upgrade discharges.

Applying a typology of health worker migration to non-EU migrant doctors in Ireland.

PubMed

Humphries, Niamh; McAleese, Sara; Tyrrell, Ella; Thomas, Steve; Normand, Charles; Brugha, Ruairí

2015-06-26

Research on health worker migration in the Irish context has categorized migrant health workers by country or region of training (for example, non-EU nurses or doctors) or recruitment mechanism (for example, actively recruited nurses). This paper applies a new typology of health worker migrants - livelihood, career-oriented, backpacker, commuter, undocumented and returner migrants (European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies and WHO, vol. 2:129-152, 2014) - to the experiences of non-EU migrant doctors in Ireland and tests its utility for understanding health worker migration internationally. The paper draws on quantitative survey (N = 366) and qualitative interview (N = 37) data collected from non-EU migrant doctors in Ireland between 2011 and 2013. Categorizing non-EU migrant doctors in Ireland according to the typology (European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies and WHO, vol. 2:129-152, 2014) offers insight into their differing motivations, particularly on arrival. Findings suggest that the career-oriented migrant is the most common type of doctor among non-EU migrant doctor respondents, accounting for 60 % (N = 220) of quantitative and 54 % (N = 20) of qualitative respondents. The authors propose a modification to the typology via the addition of two additional categories - the family migrant and the safety and security migrant. Employing a typology of health worker migration can facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the migrant medical workforce, a necessary prerequisite for the development of useful policy tools (European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies and WHO, vol. 2:129-152, 2014). The findings indicate that there is some fluidity between categories, as health worker motivations change over time. This indicates the potential for policy levers to influence migrant health worker decision-making, if they are sufficiently "tuned in" to migrant health worker motivation.

Annual Review of Progress in Applied Computational Electromagnetics (5th), Held in Monterey, California on March 20-24 1989

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-01-01

circuit of the field equations of Maxwell ", Proc IRE, vol 32, Kay 1944, pp 360-367. 3. S. Akhtarzad P.B. Johns ,"Solution of Maxwell’s equations in three...ELFCTROMAGNETICS APPLIED TO INTEGRATED CIRCUIT MICROLITHOGRAPHY AND METROLOGY John C . Mould Jr. & Gregory L Wojc* Welinger Associates, 4410 El Camino Real, Los...1AICROLITHOGRAPHY AND METROLOGY John C . Mould Jr. & Gregory L Wo c * Weldlinger Associates, 4410 El Camino Real. Los Allos, Ca. 94022 1. Pholoreslat

Streaming Potential In Rocks Saturated With Water And Oil

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tarvin, J. A.; Caston, A.

2011-12-01

Fluids flowing through porous media generate electrical currents. These currents cause electric potentials, called "streaming potentials." Streaming potential amplitude depends on the applied pressure gradient, on rock and fluid properties, and on the interaction between rock and fluid. Streaming potential has been measured for rocks saturated with water (1) and with water-gas mixtures. (2) Few measurements (3) have been reported for rocks saturated with water-oil mixtures. We measured streaming potential for sandstone and limestone saturated with a mixture of brine and laboratory oil. Cylindrical samples were initially saturated with brine and submerged in oil. Saturation was changed by pumping oil from one end of a sample to the other and then through the sample in the opposite direction. Saturation was estimated from sample resistivity. The final saturation of each sample was determined by heating the sample in a closed container and measuring the pressure. Measurements were made by modulating the pressure difference (of oil) between the ends of a sample at multiple frequencies below 20 Hz. The observed streaming potential is a weak function of the saturation. Since sample conductivity decreases with increasing oil saturation, the electro-kinetic coupling coefficient (Pride's L (4)) decreases with increasing oil saturation. (1) David B. Pengra and Po-zen Wong, Colloids and Surfaces, vol., p. 159 283-292 (1999). (2) Eve S. Sprunt, Tony B. Mercer, and Nizar F. Djabbarah, Geophysics, vol. 59, p. 707-711 (1994). (3) Vinogradov, J., Jackson, M.D., Geophysical Res. L., Vol. 38, Article L01301 (2011). (4) Steve Pride, Phys. Rev. B, vol. 50, pp. 15678-15696 (1994).

Sanibel Symposium in the Petascale-Exascale Computational Era

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cheng, Hai-Ping

The 56 th Sanibel Symposium was held February 14-19 2016 at the King and Prince Hotel, St. Simons Island, GA. It successfully brought quantum chemists and chemical and condensed matter physicists together in presentations, posters, and informal discussions bridging those two communities. The Symposium has had a significant role in preparing generations of quantum theorists. As computational potency and algorithmic sophistication have grown, the Symposium has evolved to emphasize more heavily computationally oriented method development in chemistry and materials physics, including nanoscience, complex molecular phenomena, and even bio-molecular methods and problems. Given this context, the 56 th Sanibel meeting systematicallymore » and deliberately had sessions focused on exascale computation. A selection of outstanding theoretical problems that need serious attention was included. Five invited sessions, two contributed sessions (hot topics), and a poster session were organized with the exascale theme. This was a historic milestone in the evolution of the Symposia. Just as years ago linear algebra, perturbation theory, density matrices, and band-structure methods dominated early Sanibel Symposia, the exascale sessions of the 56 thmeeting contributed a transformative influence to add structure and strength to the computational physical science community in an unprecedented way. A copy of the full program of the 56 th Symposium is attached. The exascale sessions were Linear Scaling, Non-Adabatic Dynamics, Interpretive Theory and Models, Computation, Software, and Algorithms, and Quantum Monte Carlo. The Symposium Proceedings will be published in Molecular Physics (2017). Note that the Sanibel proceedings from 2015 and 2014 were published as Molecular Physics vol. 114, issue 3-4 (2016) and vol. 113, issue 3-4 (2015) respectively.« less

Proton imaging of stochastic magnetic fields

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bott, A. F. A.; Graziani, C.; Tzeferacos, P.; White, T. G.; Lamb, D. Q.; Gregori, G.; Schekochihin, A. A.

2017-12-01

Recent laser-plasma experiments (Fox et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 111, 2013, 225002; Huntington et al., Nat. Phys., vol. 11(2), 2015, 173-176 Tzeferacos et al., Phys. Plasmas, vol. 24(4), 2017a, 041404; Tzeferacos et al., 2017b, arXiv:1702.03016 [physics.plasm-ph]) report the existence of dynamically significant magnetic fields, whose statistical characterisation is essential for a complete understanding of the physical processes these experiments are attempting to investigate. In this paper, we show how a proton-imaging diagnostic can be used to determine a range of relevant magnetic-field statistics, including the magnetic-energy spectrum. To achieve this goal, we explore the properties of an analytic relation between a stochastic magnetic field and the image-flux distribution created upon imaging that field. This `Kugland image-flux relation' was previously derived (Kugland et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. vol. 83(10), 2012, 101301) under simplifying assumptions typically valid in actual proton-imaging set-ups. We conclude that, as with regular electromagnetic fields, features of the beam's final image-flux distribution often display a universal character determined by a single, field-scale dependent parameter - the contrast parameter s/{\\mathcal{M}}lB$ - which quantifies the relative size of the correlation length B$ of the stochastic field, proton displacements s$ due to magnetic deflections and the image magnification . For stochastic magnetic fields, we establish the existence of four contrast regimes, under which proton-flux images relate to their parent fields in a qualitatively distinct manner. These are linear, nonlinear injective, caustic and diffusive. The diffusive regime is newly identified and characterised. The nonlinear injective regime is distinguished from the caustic regime in manifesting nonlinear behaviour, but as in the linear regime, the path-integrated magnetic field experienced by the beam can be extracted uniquely. Thus, in the linear and nonlinear injective regimes we show that the magnetic-energy spectrum can be obtained under a further statistical assumption of isotropy. This is not the case in the caustic or diffusive regimes. We discuss complications to the contrast-regime characterisation arising for inhomogeneous, multi-scale stochastic fields, which can encompass many contrast regimes, as well as limitations currently placed by experimental capabilities on one's ability to extract magnetic-field statistics. The results presented in this paper are of consequence in providing a comprehensive description of proton images of stochastic magnetic fields, with applications for improved analysis of proton-flux images.

Flight Experience, Risk Taking, and Hazardous Attitudes in Glider Instructors (Experience de vol, Prise de Risque et Attitudes Dangereuses des Instructeurs de vol sur Planeur)

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-11-01

sur planeur . On a également examiné le rôle que jouent l’expérience de vol et la propension à prendre des risques dans le but d’anticiper les...données transversales, obtenues par l’observation de 144 instructeurs de vol sur planeur , en activité ou non, œuvrant dans cinq centres de vol à...137 Sommaire ..... Expérience de vol, prise de risque et attitudes dangereuses des instructeurs de vol sur planeur Ann-Renee Blais

Estimating Demand for Higher Education Services. Planning for Higher Education; Vol. 3; No. 3; June 1974.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kicinski, Walter T.; Soss, Neal M.

Changing patterns of demand for higher education services have generated considerable interest in research into the factors governing the choices students make when they apply to colleges and universities. During 1973, the staff of the State Budget Division of New York State undertook the task of creating a general model of the demand for college…

China Report, Science and Technology.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-05-08

RECTANGULAR TANK UNDER LOW-GRAVITY CONDITIONS Beijing QINGHUA DAXUE XUEBAO (ZIRAN KEXUE BAN) [JOURNAL OF TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY (NATURAL SCIENCE)] in...1077 48 APPLIED SCIENCES of NEW WEIGHTED TECHNIQUE IN HEURISTIC SEARCH Beijing QINGHUA DAXUE XUEBAO (ZIRAN KEXUE BAN) [JOURNAL OF TSINGHUA...WITH ECCENTRIC CRACK Beijing QINGHUA DAXUE XUEBAO (ZIRAN KEXUE BAN) [JOURNAL OF TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY (NATURAL SCIENCE)] in Chinese Vol 26 No 3, Jun

Teaching and Learning: A Key to Success. The ACTFL Foreign Language Education Series, Vol. 10.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westphal, Patricia B.

The numerous innovations in foreign language teaching during the past ten years indicate that the profession is reaching toward syllabi in which students would learn to master and apply creatively a fairly limited body of material built around basic linguistic and cultural concepts. This theme is apparent in the syllabi, or subject-matter content…

Applied Communication, Argumentation, and Debate: Abstracts of Doctoral Dissertations Published in "Dissertation Abstracts International," July through December 1983 (Vol. 44 Nos. 1 through 6).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading and Communication Skills, Urbana, IL.

This collection of abstracts is part of a continuing series providing information on recent doctoral dissertations. The 13 titles deal with the following topics: (1) collective bargaining in higher education; (2) decoding nonverbal communication and clinical effectiveness; (3) the need for interpersonal communication training for Texas peace…

Explosive Loading of Metals and Related Topics

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-05-01

Griffiths, "A U. K. Note on the History of Shaped Charges,• Royal Armament Research and Development Establishment Report, August 1983, presented...1925. 20. R. W. Wood, •optical and Physical Effects of High Explosives,• Proceedings of .the Royal Society (London), Vol. 157A, 1936, pp. 249-261...correctly analyzes geometric configurations in this report such as the Jelly Roll, the Dagwood and similar explosive-metal multilayer arrangements. In

Workshop on Rotordynamic Instability Problems in High-Performance Turbomachinery (5th) Held in College Station, Texas on May 16-18, 1988

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-09-01

1885, Koenig (11 tried unsuccessfully to demonstrate a viscosity change in a fluid due to an imposed voltage. Duff [2] and Quincke 131 succeeded in...8, 1885, pp. 618-625. 2. Duff, A.V., "The Viscosity of Polarized Dielectrics," Physical Review, Vol. 4, No. 1, 1896, pp. 23-38. 3. Quincke , G., "Die

Localized Density/Drag Prediction for Improved Onboard Orbit Propagation

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-01

Localized Density/Drag Prediction for Improved Onboard Orbit Propagation Nathan B. Stastny, Frank R. Chavez, Chin Lin, T. Alan Lovell , Robert A...Terrestrial Physics, Vol. 70, 774-793, 2008 3. Storz, M.F, Bowman, B.R., Branson, J.I., High Accuracy Satellite Drag Model (HASDM), AIAA/ AAS ...Geomagnetic Indices, AIAA/ AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, Honolulu, HI, Aug. 2008 5. Bruinsma, S., Biancale, R., Total Densities Derived from

Flashback Flame Arrester Devices for Fuel Cargo Tank Vapor Vents.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-03-01

821711ff’erent fuiel/air mixtures: t pr duca-e f-ames with speedis representative :’ th ’se Or cc fuels that c, aid be carried as bulk car , ab atar -i typical...F w Physical Chemistry , Vol. ,o8, pp. 7-101h, 1977. 1 9 . PAPA/Lewis Research Stafl’, Ba.; i(’ si de tr irot tos ’ ly,]rocarbon Fuels with Air, NACA

JPRS Report, Science & Technology, China

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-11-10

Technological Development Zone 40100004 Beijing BEIJING REVIEW in English 22 Aug 88 pp 7-8 [Text] We believe that the newly established Shanghai Caohejing...Temperatures 40090002a Beijing WULI XUEBAO [ACTA PHYSICA SINICA] in Chinese Vol 37 No 7, Jul 88 pp 1059-1064 [ English abstract of article by Chen...1065-1071 [ English abstract of article by Fang Ruiyi [2455 3843 1355], et al., of the Department of Physics, Beijing University] [Text] The

Modeling Carbon-Black/Polymer Composite Sensors

PubMed Central

Lei, Hua; Pitt, William G.; McGrath, Lucas K.; Ho, Clifford K.

2012-01-01

Conductive polymer composite sensors have shown great potential in identifying gaseous analytes. To more thoroughly understand the physical and chemical mechanisms of this type of sensor, a mathematical model was developed by combining two sub-models: a conductivity model and a thermodynamic model, which gives a relationship between the vapor concentration of analyte(s) and the change of the sensor signals. In this work, 64 chemiresistors representing eight different carbon concentrations (8–60 vol% carbon) were constructed by depositing thin films of a carbon-black/polyisobutylene composite onto concentric spiral platinum electrodes on a silicon chip. The responses of the sensors were measured in dry air and at various vapor pressures of toluene and trichloroethylene. Three parameters in the conductivity model were determined by fitting the experimental data. It was shown that by applying this model, the sensor responses can be adequately predicted for given vapor pressures; furthermore the analyte vapor concentrations can be estimated based on the sensor responses. This model will guide the improvement of the design and fabrication of conductive polymer composite sensors for detecting and identifying mixtures of organic vapors. PMID:22518071

Hierarchical polymerized high internal phase emulsions synthesized from surfactant-stabilized emulsion templates.

PubMed

Wong, Ling L C; Villafranca, Pedro M Baiz; Menner, Angelika; Bismarck, Alexander

2013-05-21

In building construction, structural elements, such as lattice girders, are positioned specifically to support the mainframe of a building. This arrangement provides additional structural hierarchy, facilitating the transfer of load to its foundation while keeping the building weight down. We applied the same concept when synthesizing hierarchical open-celled macroporous polymers from high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) templates stabilized by varying concentrations of a polymeric non-ionic surfactant from 0.75 to 20 w/vol %. These hierarchical poly(merized)HIPEs have multimodally distributed pores, which are efficiently arranged to enhance the load transfer mechanism in the polymer foam. As a result, hierarchical polyHIPEs produced from HIPEs stabilized by 5 vol % surfactant showed a 93% improvement in Young's moduli compared to conventional polyHIPEs produced from HIPEs stabilized by 20 vol % of surfactant with the same porosity of 84%. The finite element method (FEM) was used to determine the effect of pore hierarchy on the mechanical performance of porous polymers under small periodic compressions. Results from the FEM showed a clear improvement in Young's moduli for simulated hierarchical porous geometries. This methodology could be further adapted as a predictive tool to determine the influence of hierarchy on the mechanical properties of a range of porous materials.

1200 to 1400 K slow strain rate compressive properties of NiAl/Ni2AlTi-base materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Whittenberger, J. Daniel; Viswanadham, R. K.; Mannan, S. K.; Kumar, K. S.

1989-01-01

An attempt to apply the Martin Marietta Corporation's XD technology to the fabrication of NiAl-Ni2AlTi materials with improved creep properties is presented. Composite materials, containing from 0 to 30 vol pct of nominally 1-micron-diameter TiB2 particles in the intermetallic matrix have been produced by the XD process and compacted by hot pressing. Such composites demonstrated significant strength increases, approaching 3-fold for the 20 vol pct materials, in comparison to the unreinforced aluminide. This behavior was accomplished without deleterious side effects as the grain boundaries and particle-matrix interfaces were intact after compressive deformation to 10 percent or more strain. Typical true compressive stress-strain diagrams for materials tested in air between 1200 and 1400 K at approximate strain rates of 1.7 x 10 to the -6th/sec are presented.

Toughened and machinable glass matrix composites reinforced with graphene and graphene-oxide nano platelets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Porwal, Harshit; Tatarko, Peter; Grasso, Salvatore; Hu, Chunfeng; Boccaccini, Aldo R.; Dlouhý, Ivo; Reece, Mike J.

2013-10-01

The processing conditions for preparing well dispersed silica-graphene nanoplatelets and silica-graphene oxide nanoplatelets (GONP) composites were optimized using powder and colloidal processing routes. Fully dense silica-GONP composites with up to 2.5 vol% loading were consolidated using spark plasma sintering. The GONP aligned perpendicularly to the applied pressure during sintering. The fracture toughness of the composites increased linearly with increasing concentration of GONP and reached a value of ˜0.9 MPa m1/2 for 2.5 vol% loading. Various toughening mechanisms including GONP necking, GONP pull-out, crack bridging, crack deflection and crack branching were observed. GONP decreased the hardness and brittleness index (BI) of the composites by ˜30 and ˜50% respectively. The decrease in BI makes silica-GONP composites machinable compared to pure silica. When compared to silica-Carbon nanotube composites, silica-GONP composites show better process-ability and enhanced mechanical properties.

Electromechanical behavior of [001]-textured Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 ceramics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yan, Yongke; Wang, Yu. U.; Priya, Shashank

2012-05-01

[001]-textured Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) ceramics were synthesized by using templated grain growth method. Significantly high [001] texture degree corresponding to 0.98 Lotgering factor was achieved at 1 vol. % BaTiO3 template. Electromechanical properties for [001]-textured PMN-PT ceramics with 1 vol. % BaTiO3 were found to be d33 = 1000 pC/N, d31 = 371 pC/N, ɛr = 2591, and tanδ = ˜0.6%. Elastoelectric composite based modeling results showed that higher volume fraction of template reduces the overall dielectric constant and thus has adverse effect on the piezoelectric response. Clamping effect was modeled by deriving the changes in free energy as a function of applied electric field and microstructural boundary condition.

Toughened and machinable glass matrix composites reinforced with graphene and graphene-oxide nano platelets

PubMed Central

Porwal, Harshit; Tatarko, Peter; Grasso, Salvatore; Hu, Chunfeng; Boccaccini, Aldo R; Dlouhý, Ivo; Reece, Mike J

2013-01-01

The processing conditions for preparing well dispersed silica–graphene nanoplatelets and silica–graphene oxide nanoplatelets (GONP) composites were optimized using powder and colloidal processing routes. Fully dense silica–GONP composites with up to 2.5 vol% loading were consolidated using spark plasma sintering. The GONP aligned perpendicularly to the applied pressure during sintering. The fracture toughness of the composites increased linearly with increasing concentration of GONP and reached a value of ∼0.9 MPa m1/2 for 2.5 vol% loading. Various toughening mechanisms including GONP necking, GONP pull-out, crack bridging, crack deflection and crack branching were observed. GONP decreased the hardness and brittleness index (BI) of the composites by ∼30 and ∼50% respectively. The decrease in BI makes silica–GONP composites machinable compared to pure silica. When compared to silica–Carbon nanotube composites, silica–GONP composites show better process-ability and enhanced mechanical properties. PMID:27877614

A Search for Plasma "Fingers" in the Io Torus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jaggar, S.; Schneider, N. M.; Bagenal, F.; Trauger, J. T.

1996-09-01

We have compared model and data images of the Io plasma torus to test the radial diffusion model of Yang et al. (J. Geophys. Res., Vol 99, p. 8755, 1994). They predict that radial diffusion takes the form of `fingers' of dense plasma flowing outward due to the centrifugal force. Furthermore, they show that the spatial scale of these significant longitudinal variations is approximately 15(o) . The observations used in this study were obtained using a 2.4m telescope at Las Campanas Observatory using a narrowband filter to isolate emissions from S(++) at 9531 Angstroms. S(++) images are dominated by emission from the warm torus where outward radial transport is expected. Although S(+) images are brighter, they are contaminated by emission from the cold torus where fingers are not expected. We used the Colorado Io Torus Emission Package (CITEP)(Taylor et al., J. Geophys. Res., Vol. 100, p. 19541, 1995) to simulate images of the torus with fingers. CITEP is a comprehensive program which incorporates accurate atomic physics, plasma physics and magnetic field models to simulate the brightness and morphology or torus emissions. We used a Voyager empirical model (Bagenal, J. Geophys. Res., Vol. 99, p. 11043, 1994) modulated by a sinusoidal longitudinal density variation with a 15(o) period and an amplitude proportional to the density at that L-shell. We compared simulated images with data to determine the minimum density contrast necessary to make fingers detectable. We place an upper limit on the density contrast of +/- 20% on a 15(o) spatial scale. We conclude that either the density contrast of this mode of transport is small, or other processes are more important for radial transport. This constraint can also be used in other radial diffusion models which predict density variations on this spatial scale. This work has been supported by NASA's Planetary Astronomy and Planetary Atmospheres programs.

Theatre and Oral Interpretation: Abstracts of Doctoral Dissertations Published in "Dissertation Abstracts International," July 1979 through June 1980 (Vol. 40 Nos. 1 through 12).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading and Communication Skills, Urbana, IL.

This collection of abstracts is part of a continuing series providing information on recent doctoral dissertations. The 15 titles deal with the following topics: (1) a taxonomy of educational objectives in acting; (2) contemporary musical theatre in Utah; (3) applying management concepts to educational theatre operations; (4) creative drama and…

Three Dimensional Positron Annihilation Momentum Measurement Technique Applied to Measure Oxygen-Atom Defects in 6H Silicon Carbide

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

Stormer et al [9] measured 6H SiC’s positron work function (Φ + ),-3.0 ± 0.2 eV, which is the same value for the most commonly used positron...Subjected to various Treatments‖, Materials Science Forum, Vols. 255-7, pp. 662-4. 9. Stormer J, Goodyear A, Anwand W, Brauer G, Coleman P, and

Applied Communication, Argumentation, and Debate: Abstracts of Doctoral Dissertations Published in "Dissertation Abstracts International," January through June 1982 (Vol. 42 Nos. 7 through 12).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading and Communication Skills, Urbana, IL.

This collection of abstracts is part of a continuing series providing information on recent doctoral dissertations. The 11 titles deal with the following topics: (1) interpersonal communication in the reference interview; (2) the relationship of a principal's communication behavior to the teacher's perceived job satisfaction; (3) the relationship…

OD in Schools: The State of the Art. Vol. II: Review of Research on OD. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fullan, Michael; And Others

The purpose of this document, the second of a five-volume series, was to analyze the various reviews of organizational development (OD) in general, and case studies of school districts in particular, in order to synthesize information about OD as it applies to schools. The review is organized into four main categories: (1) values, themes, and…

Applied Communication, Argumentation, and Debate: Abstracts of Doctoral Dissertations Published in "Dissertation Abstracts International," July through December 1985 (Vol. 46 Nos. 1 through 6).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading and Communication Skills, Urbana, IL.

This collection of abstracts is part of a continuing series providing information on recent doctoral dissertations. The 21 titles deal with a variety of topics, including the following: (1) comparison of receiver profiles in Clark County, Nevada, for various school-community relations communications channels; (2) effects of profit knowledge, size…

COED Transactions, Vol. 8, No. 10, October 1976. The Computer Generation of Thermodynamic Phase Diagrams.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jolls, Kenneth R.; And Others

A technique is described for the generation of perspective views of three-dimensional models using computer graphics. The technique is applied to models of familiar thermodynamic phase diagrams and the results are presented for the ideal gas and van der Waals equations of state as well as the properties of liquid water and steam from the Steam…

USSR Report, Space Biology and Aerospace Medicine, Vol. 18, No. 2, March-April 1984.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-05-16

changes in composition and quantity of autogenous microflora, micro- flora of cabin air and surfaces did not present an appreciable threat with respect...R., "Biological Chemistry ," Leningrad, 5th ed., 1972. 14. Bol’shakova, T. Z., in "Spravochnik prakticheskogo vracha" [Clinical Physician’s...physical factors. The gas composition was measured qualita- tively and quantitatively. This determination showed a higher content of acetone and

VLF Source Localization with a Freely Drifting Sensor Array

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-09-01

Simultaneous Measurement of Infra - sonic Acoustic Particle Velocity and Acoustic Pressure in the Ocean by F-ely Drifting Swallow Floats," IEEEJ. Ocean. Eng., vol...Pacific. Marine Physical Laboratory’s set of nine freely drifting, infrasonic sensors, capable of recording ocean ambient noise in the 1- to 25-Hz range...Terms. 15. Number of Pages, Swallow float, matched-field processing, infrasonic sensor, vlf source localization 153 16. Price Code. 17. Seorlity

Use of Monte-Carlo Simulations in Polyurethane Polymerization Processes

DTIC Science & Technology

1995-11-01

situations, the mechanisms of molecular species diffusion must be considered. Gupta et al (Ref. 10) have demonstrated the use of Monte-Carlo simulations in...many thoughtful discussions. P154742.PDF [Page: 41 of 78] UNCLASSIFIED 29 9. 0 REFERENCES 1. Muthiah, R. M.; Krishnamurthy, V. N.; Gupta , B. R...Time Evolution of Coupled Chemical Reactions", Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 22, 1976, pg. 403 7. Pandit,Shubhangi S.; Juvekar, Vinay A

Survival of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Following Ultrahigh Dose Rate Electron and Bremsstrahlung Radiation

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-04-01

and a stepped lead flattening filter. The electron energy used for these studies was 13 MeV. Dosimetry was performed by the Health Physics Division...VolI LJSAFSAPA-TR-90-4 AD-A222 722 SURVIVAL OF CHINESE HAMSTER OVARY CELLS FOLLOWING ULTRAHIGH DOSE RATE ELECTRON AND BREMISSTRAHLUNG RADIATION...Include Security ;a!. iatcn) Survival of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Following Ultrahigh Dose Rate Electron and Bremsstrahlung Radiation 12 PERSONAL

DARPA Helicopter Quieting Program W911NF0410424

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-05-01

Leishman , J. G. and Beddoes , T. S., “A Semi-Empirical Model for Dynamic Stall ,” Journal of the American Heli- copter Society, Vol. 34, No. 3, July 1989...of physical phenomena that include transonic and compressibility effects on the advancing blade, dynamic stall on the retreating blades and the...research approach is that even the most advanced models of a given discipline, e.g., comprehensive structural or flight dynamics codes , concentrate on a very

The Isotope Geochemistry of Abyssal Peridotites and Related Rocks

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-06-01

object of several cruises, including a combined geophysics and petrology cruise (R/V Robert Conrad 27-09: Dick, et al., 1991) and an ocean drilling ...al. (1991) Proceed- ings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 118. Snow, J., Hart, S.R. and Dick, H.J.B. (1991) "Os isotopic...the geology, petrology , and geochemistry of mantle rocks, as well as their physical and acoustic properties. The first indications that the oceanic

Programmable Logic Controller Modification Attacks for use in Detection Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-27

and J. Lowe, “The Myths and Facts Behind Cyber Security Risks for Industrial Control Systems ,” in Proceedings of the VDE Kongress, vol. 116, 2004. [13...Feb 2014 Date 20 Feb 2014 Date 20 Feb 2014 Date AFIT-ENG-14-M-66 Abstract Unprotected Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems offer...control and monitor physical industrial processes. Although attacks targeting SCADA systems have increased, there has been little work exploring the

Magnetic Reconnection and the Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Knoll, D. A.; Chacon, L.; Brackbill, J. U.; Lapenta, G.

2002-11-01

Results are presented from a continuing study of magnetic reconnection caused by the evolution of a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. To date we have studied 3-D compressible, subsonic and and sub-Alfvenic flow, with differential rotation (a gradient in vorticity parallel to the initial magnetic field) [1,2], as well as 2-D incompressible super-Alfvenic flow [3]. In both cases localized transient reconnection is observed on the Kelvin-Helmholtz time scale, and results indicate that the observed reconnection rate is insensitive to resistivity. In the present study we extend both the 2-D and the 3-D results found in [1,2,3]. In the extension of the 2-D work we focus on the fundamental differences in the nonlinear evolution of a low S simulation (S = 200) and a higher S simulation (S = 10,000). In the 3-D work we study the effects of a density discontinuity (present in [1] and not in [2]), along with study the effects of initial curved field lines in the absence of differential rotation. This basic plasma physics problem has possible application to dayside magnetosphere reconnection as a theoretical model for flux transfer events [1]. The general problem also has possible application to solar physics as it could provide a trigger mechanism for some class of coronal mass ejections. Both applications will be briefly discussed. [1] J.U. Brackbill and D.A. Knoll, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 86 (2001). [2] D.A. Knoll and J.U. Brackbill, Physics of Plasmas, to appear (2002) [3] D.A. Knoll and L. Chacon, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 88 (2002).

Blood Program in World War II. Medical Department, United States Army

DTIC Science & Technology

1964-01-01

Branch Lieutenant Colonel JEROME RUDBERG, MSC, USA, Chief, Information Activities Branch RODERICK M. ENGERT, Chief, General Reference and Research... Activities of Medical Consultants Vol. II. Infectious Diseases Preventive Medicine in World War II: Vol. II. Environmental Hygiene Vol. III. Personal...Other Than Malaria Vr VIII Surgery in World War II: Activities of Surgical Consultants, vol. I Activities of Surgical Consultants, vol. II General

Limited role for thermal erosion by turbulent lava in proximal Athabasca Valles, Mars

PubMed Central

Cataldo, Vincenzo; Williams, David A.; Dundas, Colin M.; Keszthelyi, Laszlo P.

2017-01-01

The Athabasca Valles flood lava is among the most recent (<50 Ma) and best preserved effusive lava flows on Mars and was probably emplaced turbulently. The Williams et al. [2005] model of thermal erosion by lava has been applied to what we term “proximal Athabasca,” the 75 km long upstream portion of Athabasca Valles. For emplacement volumes of 5000 and 7500 km3 and average flow thicknesses of 20 and 30 m, the duration of the eruption varies between ~11 and ~37 days. The erosion of the lava flow substrate is investigated for three eruption temperatures (1270°C, 1260°C, and 1250°C), and volatile contents equivalent to 0–65 vol% bubbles. The largest erosion depths of ~3.8–7.5 m are at the lava source, for 20 m thick and bubble-free flows that erupted at their liquidus temperature (1270°C). A substrate containing 25 vol% ice leads to maximum erosion. A lava temperature 20°C below liquidus reduces erosion depths by a factor of ~2.2. If flow viscosity increases with increasing bubble content in the lava, the presence of 30–50 vol % bubbles leads to erosion depths lower than those relative to bubble-free lava by a factor of ~2.4. The presence of 25 vol % ice in the substrate increases erosion depths by a factor of 1.3. Nevertheless, modeled erosion depths, consistent with the emplacement volume and flow duration constraints, are far less than the depth of the channel (~35–100 m). We conclude that thermal erosion does not appear to have had a major role in excavating Athabasca Valles. PMID:29082120

Efficacy of plant essential oils on postharvest control of rots caused by fungi on different stone fruits in vivo.

PubMed

Lopez-Reyes, Jorge Giovanny; Spadaro, Davide; Prelle, Ambra; Garibaldi, Angelo; Gullino, Maria Lodovica

2013-04-01

The antifungal activity of plant essential oils was evaluated as postharvest treatment on stone fruit against brown rot and grey mold rot of stone fruit caused by Monilinia laxa and Botrytis cinerea, respectively. The essential oils from basil (Ocimum basilicum), fennel (Foeniculum sativum), lavender (Lavandula officinalis), marjoram (Origanum majorana), oregano (Origanum vulgare), peppermint (Mentha piperita), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), sage (Salvia officinalis), savory (Satureja montana), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), and wild mint (Mentha arvensis) were tested at two different concentrations on apricots (cv. Kyoto and cv. Tonda di Costigliole), nectarines (cv. Big Top and cv. Nectaross) and plums (cv. Italia and cv. TC Sun). The volatile composition of the essential oils tested was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The treatments containing essential oils from oregano, savory, and thyme at 1% (vol/vol) controlled both B. cinerea and M. laxa growing on apricots cv. Tonda di Costigliole and plums cv. Italia and cv. TC Sun; however, the same treatments were phytotoxic for the carposphere of nectarines cv. Big Top and cv. Nectaross. Treatments with 10% (vol/vol) essential oils were highly phytotoxic, notwithstanding their efficacy against the pathogens tested. The essential oils containing as major components α-pinene, p-cymene, carvacrol, and thymol showed similar results on stone fruit, so their antimicrobial activity and the phytotoxicity produced could be based on the concentration of their principal compounds and their synergistic activity. The efficacy of the essential oil treatments on control of fungal pathogens in postharvest depended on the fruit cultivar, the composition and concentration of the essential oil applied, and the length of storage.

40 CFR 80.82 - Butane blending.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...% aromatics≤2.0 vol% benzene≤0.03 vol% sulfur≤140 ppm until December 31, 2003; ≤120 ppm in 2004; ≤30 ppm... results demonstrate the butane has the following properties: olefins≤10.0 vol% aromatics≤2.0 vol% benzene...

40 CFR 80.82 - Butane blending.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...% aromatics≤2.0 vol% benzene≤0.03 vol% sulfur≤140 ppm until December 31, 2003; ≤120 ppm in 2004; ≤30 ppm... results demonstrate the butane has the following properties: olefins≤10.0 vol% aromatics≤2.0 vol% benzene...

APPLIED MECHANICS REVIEWS, WADEX WORD AND AUTHOR INDEX, VOLUME XVI, 1963,

DTIC Science & Technology

Author inDEX ) an IBM 1401 prepared mechanical index, extension of KWIC. WADEX usable for browsing and searching. This second WADEX is based on 8,000 titles of APPLIED MECHANICS REVIEWS (AMR), Vol. 16, 1963, an international critical review magazine. In WADEX, titles printed fully with author names, and as many lines used as necessary (60 characters per line). WADEX entry: word in title (except forbidden word) or author’s name. Alphabetically sequenced entries printed out of context. Words are single words or hypenated word pairs or ’Tagged Words’ (TW).

Surgery in World War II. Orthopedic Surgery in the Zone of Interior

DTIC Science & Technology

1970-01-01

General Reference and Research Branch ROSE C. ENGELMAN, Ph. D., Chief, Historians Branch GERALDINE B. SITES, Chief, Information Activities Branch Major...SERIES Internal Medicine in World War II: Vol. I. Activities of Medical Consultants Vol. II. Infectious Diseases Vol. III. Infectious Diseases and General...Arthropodborne Diseases Other Than Malaria Vol. IX. Special Fields Surgery in World War II: Activities of Surgical Consultants, vol. I Activities of Surgical

Enhancements of thermal conductivities with Cu, CuO, and carbon nanotube nanofluids and application of MWNT/water nanofluid on a water chiller system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Minsheng; Lin, Mark Chingcheng; Wang, Chichuan

2011-12-01

In this study, enhancements of thermal conductivities of ethylene glycol, water, and synthetic engine oil in the presence of copper (Cu), copper oxide (CuO), and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) are investigated using both physical mixing method (two-step method) and chemical reduction method (one-step method). The chemical reduction method is, however, used only for nanofluid containing Cu nanoparticle in water. The thermal conductivities of the nanofluids are measured by a modified transient hot wire method. Experimental results show that nanofluids with low concentration of Cu, CuO, or carbon nanotube (CNT) have considerably higher thermal conductivity than identical base liquids. For CuO-ethylene glycol suspensions at 5 vol.%, MWNT-ethylene glycol at 1 vol.%, MWNT-water at 1.5 vol.%, and MWNT-synthetic engine oil at 2 vol.%, thermal conductivity is enhanced by 22.4, 12.4, 17, and 30%, respectively. For Cu-water at 0.1 vol.%, thermal conductivity is increased by 23.8%. The thermal conductivity improvement for CuO and CNT nanofluids is approximately linear with the volume fraction. On the other hand, a strong dependence of thermal conductivity on the measured time is observed for Cu-water nanofluid. The system performance of a 10-RT water chiller (air conditioner) subject to MWNT/water nanofluid is experimentally investigated. The system is tested at the standard water chiller rating condition in the range of the flow rate from 60 to 140 L/min. In spite of the static measurement of thermal conductivity of nanofluid shows only 1.3% increase at room temperature relative to the base fluid at volume fraction of 0.001 (0.1 vol.%), it is observed that a 4.2% increase of cooling capacity and a small decrease of power consumption about 0.8% occur for the nanofluid system at a flow rate of 100 L/min. This result clearly indicates that the enhancement of cooling capacity is not just related to thermal conductivity alone. Dynamic effect, such as nanoparticle dispersion may effectively augment the system performance. It is also found that the dynamic dispersion is comparatively effective at lower flow rate regime, e.g., transition or laminar flow and becomes less effective at higher flow rate regime. Test results show that the coefficient of performance of the water chiller is increased by 5.15% relative to that without nanofluid.

Enhancements of thermal conductivities with Cu, CuO, and carbon nanotube nanofluids and application of MWNT/water nanofluid on a water chiller system

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

In this study, enhancements of thermal conductivities of ethylene glycol, water, and synthetic engine oil in the presence of copper (Cu), copper oxide (CuO), and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) are investigated using both physical mixing method (two-step method) and chemical reduction method (one-step method). The chemical reduction method is, however, used only for nanofluid containing Cu nanoparticle in water. The thermal conductivities of the nanofluids are measured by a modified transient hot wire method. Experimental results show that nanofluids with low concentration of Cu, CuO, or carbon nanotube (CNT) have considerably higher thermal conductivity than identical base liquids. For CuO-ethylene glycol suspensions at 5 vol.%, MWNT-ethylene glycol at 1 vol.%, MWNT-water at 1.5 vol.%, and MWNT-synthetic engine oil at 2 vol.%, thermal conductivity is enhanced by 22.4, 12.4, 17, and 30%, respectively. For Cu-water at 0.1 vol.%, thermal conductivity is increased by 23.8%. The thermal conductivity improvement for CuO and CNT nanofluids is approximately linear with the volume fraction. On the other hand, a strong dependence of thermal conductivity on the measured time is observed for Cu-water nanofluid. The system performance of a 10-RT water chiller (air conditioner) subject to MWNT/water nanofluid is experimentally investigated. The system is tested at the standard water chiller rating condition in the range of the flow rate from 60 to 140 L/min. In spite of the static measurement of thermal conductivity of nanofluid shows only 1.3% increase at room temperature relative to the base fluid at volume fraction of 0.001 (0.1 vol.%), it is observed that a 4.2% increase of cooling capacity and a small decrease of power consumption about 0.8% occur for the nanofluid system at a flow rate of 100 L/min. This result clearly indicates that the enhancement of cooling capacity is not just related to thermal conductivity alone. Dynamic effect, such as nanoparticle dispersion may effectively augment the system performance. It is also found that the dynamic dispersion is comparatively effective at lower flow rate regime, e.g., transition or laminar flow and becomes less effective at higher flow rate regime. Test results show that the coefficient of performance of the water chiller is increased by 5.15% relative to that without nanofluid. PMID:21711787

Enhancements of thermal conductivities with Cu, CuO, and carbon nanotube nanofluids and application of MWNT/water nanofluid on a water chiller system.

PubMed

Liu, Minsheng; Lin, Mark Chingcheng; Wang, Chichuan

2011-04-05

In this study, enhancements of thermal conductivities of ethylene glycol, water, and synthetic engine oil in the presence of copper (Cu), copper oxide (CuO), and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) are investigated using both physical mixing method (two-step method) and chemical reduction method (one-step method). The chemical reduction method is, however, used only for nanofluid containing Cu nanoparticle in water. The thermal conductivities of the nanofluids are measured by a modified transient hot wire method. Experimental results show that nanofluids with low concentration of Cu, CuO, or carbon nanotube (CNT) have considerably higher thermal conductivity than identical base liquids. For CuO-ethylene glycol suspensions at 5 vol.%, MWNT-ethylene glycol at 1 vol.%, MWNT-water at 1.5 vol.%, and MWNT-synthetic engine oil at 2 vol.%, thermal conductivity is enhanced by 22.4, 12.4, 17, and 30%, respectively. For Cu-water at 0.1 vol.%, thermal conductivity is increased by 23.8%. The thermal conductivity improvement for CuO and CNT nanofluids is approximately linear with the volume fraction. On the other hand, a strong dependence of thermal conductivity on the measured time is observed for Cu-water nanofluid. The system performance of a 10-RT water chiller (air conditioner) subject to MWNT/water nanofluid is experimentally investigated. The system is tested at the standard water chiller rating condition in the range of the flow rate from 60 to 140 L/min. In spite of the static measurement of thermal conductivity of nanofluid shows only 1.3% increase at room temperature relative to the base fluid at volume fraction of 0.001 (0.1 vol.%), it is observed that a 4.2% increase of cooling capacity and a small decrease of power consumption about 0.8% occur for the nanofluid system at a flow rate of 100 L/min. This result clearly indicates that the enhancement of cooling capacity is not just related to thermal conductivity alone. Dynamic effect, such as nanoparticle dispersion may effectively augment the system performance. It is also found that the dynamic dispersion is comparatively effective at lower flow rate regime, e.g., transition or laminar flow and becomes less effective at higher flow rate regime. Test results show that the coefficient of performance of the water chiller is increased by 5.15% relative to that without nanofluid.

The Emergence of Operational Art in the Great Sioux War 1876-1877

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-10

Schmitt (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1946), 197. 58 Bourke , Vol. 1, 336-360. 25...feeling of hope, an atmosphere of futility and frustration set in when the column became too cumbersome to catch 78 Bourke , Vol. 1, 381. 79 “Letters...from the column and 81 Greene, Slim Buttes, 29. 82 Bourke , Vol. 2, 76; Gray, 219-220. See also Bourke , Vol. 2, 45. 83 Bourke , Vol. 2, 88-9

Physicochemical stability and inactivation of human and simian rotaviruses

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Meng, Z.D.; Birch, C.; Heath, R.

1987-04-01

The effects of various physical and chemical treatments on the stability of a human serotype 1 rotavirus and simian agent 11 (SA11) were compared by using a fluorescence focus assay. The infectivity of both strains was retained after storage at room temperature for 14 days, 4 degree C for 22 days, and -20 degree C for 32 days; lyophilization; and treatment at pH 3 to 11. Both viruses were inactivated at pH 12, as was the human virus at pH 2, although this pH resulted in only partial inactivation of SA11. The human virus also appeared to be more sensitivemore » than SA11 to the action of ether and chloroform. The infectivity of both viruses was lost after UV irradiation for 15 min and after treatment with 8% formaldehyde for 5 min, 70% (vol/vol) ethanol for 30 min, and 2% lysol, 2% phenol, and 1% H/sub 2/O/sub 2/ for 1 h each.« less

Tensile Properties and Microstructural Characterization of Hi-Nicalon SiC/RBSN Composites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bhatt, Ramakrishna T.

1998-01-01

The room temperature physical and mechanical properties of silicon carbide fiber-reinforced reaction-bonded silicon nitride matrix composites (SiC/RBSN) were measured, and the composite microstructure was analyzed. The composites consist of nearly 24 vol% of aligned Hi-Nicalon SiC fiber yarns in a approx. 30 vol% porous silicon nitride matrix. The fiber yarns were coated by chemical vapor deposition with a 0.8 mm layer of boron nitride (BN) followed by a 0.2 mm layer of SiC. In the as-fabricated condition, both 1-D and 2-D composites exhibited high strength and graceful failure, and showed improved properties w en compared with unreinforced matrix of comparable density. No indication of reaction between the SiC fiber and BN coating was noticed, but the outer SiC layer reacted locally with the nitridation enhancing additive in the RBSN matrix. A comparison is made between the predicted and measured values of matrix cracking strength.

Discontinuous Galerkin Method with Numerical Roe Flux for Spherical Shallow Water Equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yi, T.; Choi, S.; Kang, S.

2013-12-01

In developing the dynamic core of a numerical weather prediction model with discontinuous Galerkin method, a numerical flux at the boundaries of grid elements plays a vital role since it preserves the local conservation properties and has a significant impact on the accuracy and stability of numerical solutions. Due to these reasons, we developed the numerical Roe flux based on an approximate Riemann problem for spherical shallow water equations in Cartesian coordinates [1] to find out its stability and accuracy. In order to compare the performance with its counterpart flux, we used the Lax-Friedrichs flux, which has been used in many dynamic cores such as NUMA [1], CAM-DG [2] and MCore [3] because of its simplicity. The Lax-Friedrichs flux is implemented by a flux difference between left and right states plus the maximum characteristic wave speed across the boundaries of elements. It has been shown that the Lax-Friedrichs flux with the finite volume method is more dissipative and unstable than other numerical fluxes such as HLLC, AUSM+ and Roe. The Roe flux implemented in this study is based on the decomposition of flux difference over the element boundaries where the nonlinear equations are linearized. It is rarely used in dynamic cores due to its complexity and thus computational expensiveness. To compare the stability and accuracy of the Roe flux with the Lax-Friedrichs, two- and three-dimensional test cases are performed on a plane and cubed-sphere, respectively, with various numbers of element and polynomial order. For the two-dimensional case, the Gaussian bell is simulated on the plane with two different numbers of elements at the fixed polynomial orders. In three-dimensional cases on the cubed-sphere, we performed the test cases of a zonal flow over an isolated mountain and a Rossby-Haurwitz wave, of which initial conditions are the same as those of Williamson [4]. This study presented that the Roe flux with the discontinuous Galerkin method is less dissipative and has stronger numerical stability than the Lax-Friedrichs. Reference 1. 2002, Giraldo, F.X., Hesthaven, J.S. and Warburton, T., "Nodal High-Order Discontinous Galerkin Methods for the Spherical Shallow Water Equations," Journal of Computational Physics, Vol.181, pp.499-525. 2. 2005, Nair, R.D., Thomas, S.J. and Loft, R.D., "A Discontinuous Galerkin Transport Scheme on the Cubed Sphere," Monthly Weather Review, Vol.133, pp.814-828. 3. 2010, Ullrich, P.A., Jablonowski, C. and Leer, van B., "High-Order Finite-Volume Methods for the Shallow-Water Equations on the Sphere," Journal of Computational Physics, Vol.229, pp.6104-6134. 4. 1992, Williamson, D.L., Drake, J.B., Hack, J., Jacob, R. and Swartztrauber, P.N., "A Standard Test Set for Numerical Approximations to the Shallow Water Equations in Spherical Geometry," Journal of Computational Physics, Vol.102, pp.211-224.

Improved automatic steam distillation combined with oscillation-type densimetry for determining alcoholic strength in spirits and liqueurs.

PubMed

Lachenmeier, Dirk W; Plato, Leander; Suessmann, Manuela; Di Carmine, Matthew; Krueger, Bjoern; Kukuck, Armin; Kranz, Markus

2015-01-01

The determination of the alcoholic strength in spirits and liqueurs is required to control the labelling of alcoholic beverages. The reference methodology prescribes a distillation step followed by densimetric measurement. The classic distillation using a Vigreux rectifying column and a West condenser is time consuming and error-prone, especially for liqueurs that may have problems with entrainment and charring. For this reason, this methodology suggests the use of an automated steam distillation device as alternative. The novel instrument comprises an increased steam power, a redesigned geometry of the condenser and a larger cooling coil with controllable flow, compared to previously available devices. Method optimization applying D-optimal and central composite designs showed significant influence of sample volume, distillation time and coolant flow, while other investigated parameters such as steam power, receiver volume, or the use of pipettes or flasks for sample measurement did not significantly influence the results. The method validation was conducted using the following settings: steam power 70 %, sample volume 25 mL transferred using pipettes, receiver volume 50 mL, coolant flow 7 L/min, and distillation time as long as possible just below the calibration mark. For four different liqueurs covering the typical range of these products between 15 and 35 % vol, the method showed an adequate precision, with relative standard deviations below 0.4 % (intraday) and below 0.6 % (interday). The absolute standard deviations were between 0.06 % vol and 0.08 % vol (intraday) and between 0.07 % vol and 0.10 % vol (interday). The improved automatic steam distillation devices offer an excellent alternative for sample cleanup of volatiles from complex matrices. A major advantage are the low costs for consumables per analysis (only distilled water is needed). For alcoholic strength determination, the method has become more rugged than before, and there are only few influences that would lead to incomplete distillation. Our validation parameters have shown that the performance of the method corresponds to the data presented for the reference method and we believe that automated steam distillation, can be used for the purpose of labelling control of alcoholic beverages.

Soliton Dynamics of an Atomic Spinor Condensate on a Ring Lattice

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-02-22

REPORT Soliton dynamics of an atomic spinor condensate on a Ring Lattice 14. ABSTRACT 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: We study the dynamics of...8/98) Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18 - Soliton dynamics of an atomic spinor condensate on a Ring Lattice Report Title ABSTRACT We study the dynamics...Report Number Soliton dynamics of an atomic spinor condensat Block 13: Supplementary Note © 2013 . Published in Physical Review A (accepted), Vol. Ed

Examining Work Performance in Immersive Virtual Environments versus Face-to-Face Physical Environments through Laboratory Experimentation

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

J. R. Galbraith. (1977, Organization Design . [24] R. L. Daft and N. B. Macintosh, "A Tentative Exploration into the Amount and Equivocality of... Daft and R. H. Lengel, "Organizational Information Requirements, Media Richness and Structural Design ," Management Science, vol. 32, pp. 554-571...Psychology of Organizing . Addison-Wesley, 1979. [27] R. L. Daft and R. H. Lengel. (1984, Information richness: A new approach to managerial

Solving Variational Problems and Partial Differential Equations Mapping into General Target Manifolds

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-01-01

1998. [36] T. Sakai, Riemannian Geometry, AMS Translations of Mathematical Monographs, vol 149. [37] N. Sochen, R . Kimmel, and R , Malladi , “A general...matical Physics 107, pp. 649-705, 1986. [5] V. Caselles, R . Kimmel, G. Sapiro, and C. Sbert, “Minimal surfaces based object segmentation,” IEEE- PAMI...June 2000 [9] R . Cohen, R . M. Hardt, D. Kinderlehrer, S. Y. Lin, and M. Luskin, “Minimum energy configurations for liquid crystals: Computational

Solid electrolytes strengthened by metal dispersions

DOEpatents

Lauf, Robert J.; Morgan, Chester S.

1983-01-01

An improvement in solid electrolytes of advanced secondary batteries of the sodium-sulfur, sodium-halogen, and like combinations is achieved by providing said battery with a cermet electrolyte containing a metal dispersion ranging from 0.1 to 10.0 vol. % of a substantially nonreactive metal selected from the group consisting essentially of Pt, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Nb, their alloys, and their physical mixtures in the elemental or uncombined state, the remainder of said cermet being an ion-conductive ceramic material.

Solid electrolytes strengthened by metal dispersions

DOEpatents

Lauf, R.J.; Morgan, C.S.

1981-10-05

An improvement in solid electrolytes of advanced secondary batteries of the sodium-sulfur, sodium-halogen, and like combinations is achieved by providing said battery with a cermet electrolyte containing a metal dispersion ranging from 0.1 to 10.0 vol. % of a substantially nonreactive metal selected from the group consisting essentially of Pt, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Nb, their alloys, and their physical mixtures in the elemental or uncombined state, the remainder of said cermet being an ion-conductive ceramic material.

Properties of Quick Look Passive Localization.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-01

on requset. The Index Includes e Listing of Professional Papers; with fole ectal; issued free IWO to J00 1961. .i. PP 233 PP 249 Jacobson. Louis, *An...Indicators and Perforeence: The Current Mengol, Marc and Quenbedt, David S., "lnhogration of a Ollemis Fecing Government and Business Leaders, presented by...Robert C., "The Response of published In "Physical Review D", Vol. 22 (1960). State Governent Receipts to Economic F luctuat ions and the AD 8094 994

Physics Based Modeling of Compressible Turbulance

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-11-07

is  shown  in  Fig.  1.  It  includes  the  test  section  of  the   wind  tunnel   used   in   the   experiments...points each. Fo each of these probes, data was taken at 48 equidistant locations along a ring in the azimuthal direction. In the simulation, we angle the...direction) Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power MAY 2013, Vol. 135 / 051202-3 Downloaded From: http

Optics with Semiconductors: Ultrafast Physics for Devices

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-03-01

pass through a thinner (ɛÜ0 /im) saturable absorber jet of malachite green placed between the fourth and fifth passes. The saturable absorber reduces...this laser [22]. In the amplifier, the gain/absorber dye pair is SR640/ malachite green, after Knox [8]. SPli Vol 126$ Appttctiom of Ukrtshon Lssf...telescope, followed by a short tele- scope with a saturable absorber at its focus ( malachite green in a ~200 pm jet of ethylene glycol, produced by

Development of Energetic Actuators for Shear and Vortex Dominated Flow Control

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-02-19

max-min fairness in data net- works,” Selected Areas in Communications , IEEE Journal on, vol. 9, pp. 1024 –1039, sep 1991. [ 11 ] R. G. Gallager, Poisson...the legitimate messages to route via the communication channel. Unless the secret trigger combination is known and the radio is under physical tests... 11 ]–[15], [17], [18], [29]. Covert channels are mechanisms for communicating information in ways that are difficult to detect. Packet networks are

Annual Report 2015: High Fidelity Modeling of Field-Reversed Configuration (FRC) Thrusters

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

simulations become unstable as time evolves leading to the magnetic island collision with the boundary and destruction of the close magnetic field structure...compares well with the results of the Hall-MHD code. 1 R. D. Milroy, "A magnetohydrodynamic model of rotating magnetic field current drive in a field...reversed configuration," Physics of Plasmas, vol. 7, no. 10. 2 Distribution A: Approved for Public Release. PA# 16202 Figure 1. Magnetic field

Extraordinary Photocurrent Harvesting at Type-II HeterojunctionInterfaces: Toward High Detectivity Carbon Nanotube Infrared Detectors

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-11-06

Kirkeminde,‡ Shenqiang Ren,‡ and Judy Wu*,† †Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States ‡Department of...Published in Nano Letters , Vol. Ed. 0 12, (11) (2012), ( (11). DoD Components reserve a royalty-free, nonexclusive and irrevocable right to reproduce... Chemistry , University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States *S Supporting Information ABSTRACT: Despite the potentials and the efforts put in

Laminated Composite Shell Element Using Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation and Its Application to ANCF Tire Model

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-04-24

Paramsothy Jayakumar US Army TARDEC 6501 E. 11 Mile Road Warren, MI 48397-5000 Hiroyuki Sugiyama Department of Mechanical and Industrial...Part 2: Development of a Physical Tyre Model", Vehicle System Dynamics, vol. 50, pp. 339-356. [4] Sugiyama, H., Yamashita, H. and Jayakumar , P., 2014... Jayakumar , P. and Sugiyama, H., "Continuum Mechanics Based Bi-Linear Shear Deformable Shell Element using Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation", ASME

Coarse Grain Reconfigurable ASIC through Multiplexer Based Switches

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-15

chip area (0.5 mm2), and from simulation their power consumption is negligible (0.002% from simulation, too small to measure in physical system...performing implementation that is also flexible. REFERENCES [1] I. Kuon and J. Rose, “ Measuring the gap between FPGAs and ASICs,” IEEE Trans...A 3GPP- LTE Example," Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of , vol.47, no.3, pp.757,768, March 2012. [5] Agarwal, A.; Hassanieh, H.; Abari, O

United States Air Force Summer Research Program -- 1993. Volume 1. Program Management Report

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-12-01

IEEE Spectrum and Physics Today. High school applicants can participate only in laboratories located no more than 20 miles from their residence. Tailored...faculty and $37/day for graduate students whose homes were more than 50 miles from the laboratory. Transportation to the laboratory at the beginning of...TX 78212- 7200 Branting, Luther Field: Dept of Computer Science Assistant Professor, PhD Laboratory: AL/HR PC Box 3682 University of Wyoming Vol-Page

Automated Design of a High-Velocity Channel

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-05-01

using Newton’s method. 2.2.2 Groundwater Applications Optimization methods are also very useful for solving groundwater problems. Townley et al... Townley 85] apply present computational algorithms to steady and transient models for groundwater °ow. The aquifer storage coe±cients, transmissivities...Reliability Analysis", Water Resources Research, Vol. 28, No. 12, December 1992, pp. 3269-3280. [ Townley 85] Townley , L. R. and Wilson, J. L

Reading and Study Skills and Instruction: Secondary: Abstracts of Doctoral Dissertations Published in "Dissertation Abstracts International," January through June 1980 (Vol. 40 Nos. 7 through 12).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading and Communication Skills, Urbana, IL.

This collection of abstracts is part of a continuing series providing information on recent doctoral dissertations. The 15 titles deal with the following topics: (1) a hierarchy of purposes for reading assignments applied to secondary school social studies; (2) the effects of sentence combining practice on reading comprehension; (3) the effects of…

Discussion of CoSA: Clustering of Sparse Approximations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Armstrong, Derek Elswick

2017-03-07

The purpose of this talk is to discuss the possible applications of CoSA (Clustering of Sparse Approximations) to the exploitation of HSI (HyperSpectral Imagery) data. CoSA is presented by Moody et al. in the Journal of Applied Remote Sensing (“Land cover classification in multispectral imagery using clustering of sparse approximations over learned feature dictionaries”, Vol. 8, 2014) and is based on machine learning techniques.

Robust Multimodal Cognitive Load Measurement (RMCLM)

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-26

Physiological characteristics of capacity constraints in working memory as revealed by functional MRI , Cerebral Cortex, vol. 9, pp. 20-26, 1999. [12...frequency can easily be ex- tracted in real time and unobtrusively using a tablet monitor or electronic pen, not only can this measure be applied to...basketball clip played on a tablet monitor, which was then frozen and replaced with a blank court schematic. The clips involved 10 players and the

Management Control Systems and Interdependencies: An Empirical Study.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-03-01

Information Systems," Accounting , Organizations and Society (Vol. 3, No. 2 1978) pp. 3-14. Horngren , C.T., Cost Accounting : A Managerial Emphasis (5th ed...following: details of accounts , cost of each account , comparison to previous years, credit sales ratio, delinquent accounts , uncollectable accounts , growth...that managers should be held accountable for aspects of performance, such as costs , over which they have control, does not apply in the case of

Application of Earth Sciences Products for use in Next Generation Numerical Aerosol Prediction Models

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-30

retrievals, Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 10, EGU2008-A-11193, 2008, SRef-ID: 1607-7962/gra/EGU2008-A­ 11193, EGU General Assembly 2008. Liu, M...Application of Earth Sciences Products for use in Next Generation Numerical Aerosol...can be generated and predicted. Through this system, we will be able to advance a number of US Navy Applied Science needs in the areas of improved

Applying Clausewitz and Systems Thinking to Design

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

more open system, like a social-political system, does not respond to some stimulus, say, a stock market fluctuation, in a predictable pattern. The un...demanded maximum efficiency from workers, acquired resources for production, and either captured or developed demand for the product in the market ...Towards a System of Systems Concepts,” Management Science, Vol. 17, No. 11, July 1971, pp. 661-671, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost . 6. Peter

Federal Logistics Information System (FLIS) Procedures Manual. General and Administrative Information. Volume 1.

DTIC Science & Technology

1996-04-01

Logistics Transfer 3 Data KFA Match Through Association 1 KFC File Data Minus Security Classi- 1 Note 1: Output DICs other than Search and Inter- fled...vols 8/9 KEC Output Exceeds AUTODIN Limitations 4,5 vols 8/9 KFA Match through Association 4 vols 8/9 KFC File Data Minus Security Classified...Activities 2 Nuclear Ordnance 4 Reference Numbers 2 SECURITY CLASSIFIED DATA, FILE DATA MINUS 4 vols 8/9, DIC KFC SECURITY CLASSIFIED CHARACTERISTICS 4 vols

Human Health Exposure Assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 8. Response to Comments on the Draft Exposure Assessment Version 4.1

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-09-01

ASSESSMENT (INCLUDES ARMY AND SHELL TOXICITY PROFILES). VOL. 41V - PPLV METHODOLOGY. VOL. V - PPLV CALCULATIONS. VOL. VI - STUDY AREA EXPOSURE ANALYSIS (A...INTRODUCTION, B WESTERN STUDY AREA, C SOUTHERN STUDY AREA, D NORTHERN CENTRAL STUDY AREA, E CENTRAL STUDY AREA, F EASTERN STUDY AREA, G SOUTH PLANTS... STUDY AREA, AND H NORTH PLANTS STUDY AREA. VOL. VII - SUMMARY EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT. VOL. VIII - 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES PPLV, LAND USE

Occasional Addresses by Edward Teller at Conferences of Laser Interaction and Related Plasma Phenomena (LIRPP)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hora, Heinrich; Miley, George H.

2016-10-01

The following sections are included: * Futurology of High Intensity Lasers (LIRPP Vol. 3A) * Lecture in Connection with the Edward Teller Medal Award (LIRPP Vol. 10) * Photo of the First Recipients of the Edward Teller Medal in 1991 * Photos from the Edward Teller Medal Celebration in 1997 * Photo with Participants of the LIRPP No. 12 Conference, 1995 * Photo with Edward Teller Medalists at IFSA01, Kyoto, 2001 * Keynote Address: The Edward Teller Lecture (LIRPP Vol. 11) * Keynote Address: Dr. Edward Teller (LIRPP Vol. 12) * Teller Award Presentation and Keynote Address (LIRPP Vol. 13) * Laudations of Awardees 1991-1995 (LIRPP Vol. 13) * Laudations of Awardees 1999-2003

Lame's Wave Functions of the Ellipsoid of Revolution

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meixner, J.

1949-01-01

It has recently Miss Gertrude Blanch that errors exist in been brought to the attention of the NACA by of the Bureau of Standards, Department of Commerce the tabulated values appearing in tables 11 to 17 of TM 1224. Miss Blanch notes that C. J. Bouwkamp from whom Meixner obtained the values presented, subsequently corrected them in tables. appearing in the Journal of Mathematics and Physics, vol. XXVI, no. 2, JULY 1947, pp. 88-91. In spite of the difference in symbols and notation in the two papers, reprints of tables I to IX included in the July 1947 issue of the Journal of Mathematics and Physics are attached for the use of those interested in receiving them. The NACA wishes to express its appreciation to the Journal of Mathematics and Physics for permitting these tables to be reproduced for this purpose.

Bonding of TRIP-Steel/Al2O3-(3Y)-TZP Composites and (3Y)-TZP Ceramic by a Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) Apparatus

PubMed Central

Miriyev, Aslan; Grützner, Steffen; Krüger, Lutz; Kalabukhov, Sergey; Frage, Nachum

2016-01-01

A combination of the high damage tolerance of TRIP-steel and the extremely low thermal conductivity of partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) can provide controlled thermal-mechanical properties to sandwich-shaped composite specimens comprising these materials. Sintering the (TRIP-steel-PSZ)/PSZ sandwich in a single step is very difficult due to differences in the sintering temperature and densification kinetics of the composite and the ceramic powders. In the present study, we successfully applied a two-step approach involving separate SPS consolidation of pure (3Y)-TZP and composites containing 20 vol % TRIP-steel, 40 vol % Al2O3 and 40 vol % (3Y)-TZP ceramic phase, and subsequent diffusion joining of both sintered components in an SPS apparatus. The microstructure and properties of the sintered and bonded specimens were characterized. No defects at the interface between the TZP and the composite after joining in the 1050–1150 °C temperature range were observed. Only limited grain growth occurred during joining, while crystallite size, hardness, shear strength and the fraction of the monoclinic phase in the TZP ceramic virtually did not change. The slight increase of the TZP layer’s fracture toughness with the joining temperature was attributed to the effect of grain size on transformation toughening. PMID:28773680

Y-12 Plant decontamination and decommissioning technology logic diagram for Building 9201-4. Volume 2: Technology logic diagram

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1994-09-01

The Y-12 Plant Decontamination and Decommissioning Technology Logic Diagram for Building 9201-4 (TLD) was developed to provide a decision-support tool that relates decontamination and decommissioning (D and D) problems at Bldg. 9201-4 to potential technologies that can remediate these problems. This TLD identifies the research, development, demonstration, testing, and evaluation needed for sufficient development of these technologies to allow for technology transfer and application to D and D and waste management (WM) activities. It is essential that follow-on engineering studies be conducted to build on the output of this project. These studies will begin by selecting the most promising technologiesmore » identified in the TLD and by finding an optimum mix of technologies that will provide a socially acceptable balance between cost and risk. The TLD consists of three fundamentally separate volumes: Vol. 1 (Technology Evaluation), Vol. 2 (Technology Logic Diagram), and Vol. 3 (Technology Evaluation Data Sheets). Volume 2 contains the logic linkages among environmental management goals, environmental problems, and the various technologies that have the potential to solve these problems. Volume 2 has been divided into five sections: Characterization, Decontamination, Dismantlement, Robotics/Automation, and Waste Management. Each section contains logical breakdowns of the Y-12 D and D problems by subject area and identifies technologies that can be reasonably applied to each D and D challenge.« less

Application of Allan Deviation to Assessing Uncertainties of Continuous-measurement Instruments, and Optimizing Calibration Schemes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jacobson, Gloria; Rella, Chris; Farinas, Alejandro

2014-05-01

Technological advancement of instrumentation in atmospheric and other geoscience disciplines over the past decade has lead to a shift from discrete sample analysis to continuous, in-situ monitoring. Standard error analysis used for discrete measurements is not sufficient to assess and compare the error contribution of noise and drift from continuous-measurement instruments, and a different statistical analysis approach should be applied. The Allan standard deviation analysis technique developed for atomic clock stability assessment by David W. Allan [1] can be effectively and gainfully applied to continuous measurement instruments. As an example, P. Werle et al has applied these techniques to look at signal averaging for atmospheric monitoring by Tunable Diode-Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) [2]. This presentation will build on, and translate prior foundational publications to provide contextual definitions and guidelines for the practical application of this analysis technique to continuous scientific measurements. The specific example of a Picarro G2401 Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy (CRDS) analyzer used for continuous, atmospheric monitoring of CO2, CH4 and CO will be used to define the basics features the Allan deviation, assess factors affecting the analysis, and explore the time-series to Allan deviation plot translation for different types of instrument noise (white noise, linear drift, and interpolated data). In addition, the useful application of using an Allan deviation to optimize and predict the performance of different calibration schemes will be presented. Even though this presentation will use the specific example of the Picarro G2401 CRDS Analyzer for atmospheric monitoring, the objective is to present the information such that it can be successfully applied to other instrument sets and disciplines. [1] D.W. Allan, "Statistics of Atomic Frequency Standards," Proc, IEEE, vol. 54, pp 221-230, Feb 1966 [2] P. Werle, R. Miicke, F. Slemr, "The Limits of Signal Averaging in Atmospheric Trace-Gas Monitoring by Tunable Diode-Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS)," Applied Physics, B57, pp 131-139, April 1993

40 CFR 80.65 - General requirements for refiners and importers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... % Olefins content 2.5 vol % Benzene content 0.21 vol % Ethanol content 0.4 vol % Methanol content 0.2 vol... the property at one additional independent laboratory. If this second independent laboratory obtains a... representative sample from a batch of reformulated gasoline, to: (A) Obtain the refiner's or importer's assigned...

40 CFR 80.65 - General requirements for refiners and importers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... % Olefins content 2.5 vol % Benzene content 0.21 vol % Ethanol content 0.4 vol % Methanol content 0.2 vol... the property at one additional independent laboratory. If this second independent laboratory obtains a... representative sample from a batch of reformulated gasoline, to: (A) Obtain the refiner's or importer's assigned...

Numerical analysis of groundwater recharge through stony soils using limited data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hendrickx, J. M. H.; Khan, A. S.; Bannink, M. H.; Birch, D.; Kidd, C.

1991-10-01

This study evaluates groundwater recharge on an alluvial fan in Quetta Valley (Baluchistan, Pakistan), through deep stony soils with limited data of soil texture, soil profile descriptions, water-table depths and meteorological variables. From the soil profile descriptions, a representative profile was constructed with typical soil layers. Next, the texture of each layer was compared with textures of soils with known soil physical characteristics; it is assumed that soils from the same textural class have similar water retention and hydraulic conductivity curves. Finally, the water retention and hydraulic conductivity curves were transformed to account for the volume of stones in each layer; this varied between 0 and 60 vol. %. These data were used in a transient finite difference model and in a steady-state analytical solution to evaluate the travel time of the recharge water and the maximum annual recharge volume. Travel times proved to be less sensitive to differences in soil physical characteristics than to differences in annual infiltration rates. Therefore, estimation of soil physical characteristics from soil texture data alone appears justified for this study. Estimated travel times on the alluvial fan in the Quetta Valley vary between 1.6 years, through a soil profile of 25 m with an infiltration rate of 120 cm year -1, to 18.3 years through a soil profile of 100 m with an infiltration rate of 40 cm year -1. When the infiltration rate of the soil exceeds 40 cm day -1, the infiltration process proceeds so fast that evaporation losses are small. If the depth of ponding at the start of infiltration is more than 1 m, at least 90% of the applied recharge water will reach the water table, providing that the ponding area is bare of vegetation.

Local Muscle Metabolic Demand Induced by Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Voluntary Contractions at Different Force Levels: A NIRS Study.

PubMed

Muthalib, Makii; Kerr, Graham; Nosaka, Kazunori; Perrey, Stephane

2016-06-13

Functional Muscle metabolic demand during contractions evoked by neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been consistently documented to be greater than voluntary contractions (VOL) at the same force level (10-50% maximal voluntary contraction-MVC). However, we have shown using a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique that local muscle metabolic demand is similar between NMES and VOL performed at MVC levels, thus controversy exists. This study therefore compared biceps brachii muscle metabolic demand (tissue oxygenation index-TOI and total hemoglobin volume-tHb) during a 10s isometric contraction of the elbow flexors between NMES (stimulation frequency of 30Hz and current level to evoke 30% MVC) and VOL at 30% MVC (VOL-30%MVC) and MVC (VOL-MVC) level in 8 healthy men (23-33-y). Greater changes in TOI and tHb induced by NMES than VOL-30%MVC confirm previous studies of a greater local metabolic demand for NMES than VOL at the same force level. The same TOI and tHb changes for NMES and VOL-MVC suggest that local muscle metabolic demand and intramuscular pressure were similar between conditions. In conclusion, these findings indicate that NMES induce a similar local muscle metabolic demand as that of maximal VOL.

Local Muscle Metabolic Demand Induced by Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Voluntary Contractions at Different Force Levels: A NIRS Study

PubMed Central

Muthalib, Makii; Kerr, Graham; Nosaka, Kazunori; Perrey, Stephane

2016-01-01

Functional Muscle metabolic demand during contractions evoked by neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been consistently documented to be greater than voluntary contractions (VOL) at the same force level (10-50% maximal voluntary contraction-MVC). However, we have shown using a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique that local muscle metabolic demand is similar between NMES and VOL performed at MVC levels, thus controversy exists. This study therefore compared biceps brachii muscle metabolic demand (tissue oxygenation index-TOI and total hemoglobin volume-tHb) during a 10s isometric contraction of the elbow flexors between NMES (stimulation frequency of 30Hz and current level to evoke 30% MVC) and VOL at 30% MVC (VOL-30%MVC) and MVC (VOL-MVC) level in 8 healthy men (23-33-y). Greater changes in TOI and tHb induced by NMES than VOL-30%MVC confirm previous studies of a greater local metabolic demand for NMES than VOL at the same force level. The same TOI and tHb changes for NMES and VOL-MVC suggest that local muscle metabolic demand and intramuscular pressure were similar between conditions. In conclusion, these findings indicate that NMES induce a similar local muscle metabolic demand as that of maximal VOL. PMID:27478574

Different effects of propofol and isoflurane on cochlear blood flow and hearing function in Guinea pigs.

PubMed

Xiao, Ying; Wen, Jian; Bai, Yanxia; Duan, Na; Jing, G X

2014-01-01

To investigate the effects of isoflurane and propofol on mean arterial pressure (MAP), cochlear blood flow (CoBF), distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE), and the ultrastructure of outer hair cells (OHCs) in guinea pig cochleae. Forty-eight male guinea pigs were randomly assigned to one of six treatment groups. Groups 1 to 3 were infused (i.v.) with a loading dose of propofol (5 mg/kg) for 5 min and three maintenance doses (10, 20, or 40 mg kg-1·h-1, respectively) for 115 min. Groups 4 to 6 were inhaled with isoflurane at concentrations of 1.15 vol%, 2.30 vol% or 3.45 vol% respectively for 120 min. CoBF and MAP were recorded prior to and at 5 min intervals during drug administration. DPOAE was measured before, immediately after, and 1 h after administration. Following the final DPOAE test, cochleae were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Propofol treatment reduced MAP in a dose-dependent manner. CoBF and DPOAE showed increases at propofol maintenance doses of 10 and 20 mg kg-1·h-1. Inhalation of isoflurane at concentrations of 2.30 vol% and 3.45 vol% reduced MAP and CoBF. DPOAE amplitude increased following inhalation of 1.15 vol% isoflurane, but decreased following inhalations of 2.30 vol% and 3.45 vol%. Cochlear structure was changed following inhalation of either 2.30 vol% or 3.45 vol% isoflurane. Propofol could decrease MAP and increase both CoBF and DPOAE without affecting OHC structure. Inhalation of isoflurane at concentrations >2.30 vol% decreased CoBF and DPOAE, and produced injury to OHCs.

Effects of the measurement configuration in GPR prospecting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Persico, Raffaele; Soldovieri, Francesco

2017-04-01

The measurement configuration is an issue of great interest in problems of inverse scattering in general, and in particular in problems regarding GPR data. In particular, the measurement configuration has an influence on the amount of retrievable information [1-2] and can be a way to achieve an intrinsic two dimensional filtering of the data [3], possibly accounting for the characteristics of the exploited antennas too [4]. However, no filter is able to erase exactly the undesired contribution to the comprehensive signal while leaving unperturbed the useful part of the gathered datum. In other word, any filtering of the data (included those implicitly imposed through the measurement configuration) has some price in terms of loss or distortion of the received information, and therefore it has to be applied only when needed and only at the right degree of intensity. In particular, differential measurement configurations have been introduced in the last few years, especially with interest in the field of detection of UXO [5-6]. The filtering effects in some differential configuration are not immediately understood, but need some deep reasoning. In particular, the theory of the diffraction tomography, allows to quantify the retrievable spatial frequencies under the measurement configuration at hand, and so allows to quantify the filtering effect of the differential configurations. Examples will be shown at the conference, regarding both a horizontal and a vertical differential configuration. References [1] R. Persico, R. Bernini, F. Soldovieri, "The role of the measurement configuration in inverse scattering from buried objects under the Born approximation", IEEE Trans. On Antennas and Prop., vol. 53, n. 6, pp. 1875-1886, June 2005. [2] R. Persico, "On the role of measurement Configuration in Contactless GPR data Processing by Means of Linear Inverse Scattering, IEEE Trans. On Antennas and Prop AP, Vol. 54 n. 7 p. 2062-2071, July 2006. [3] R. Persico, F. Soldovieri, Effects of the Background Removal in Linear Inverse Scattering, IEEE Trans. on Geos. and Rem. Sens., vol. 46, n. 4, pp. 1104-1114, April 2008. [4] F. Soldovieri, R. Persico and G. Leone, "Effect of source and receiver radiation characteristics in subsurface prospecting within the DBA", Radio Science, vol. 40, RS3006, May 2005. [5] R. Persico, F. Soldovieri, A Microwave Tomography approach for a Differential Configuration in GPR Prospecting, IEEE Trans. On Antennas and Prop AP, vol. 54, n. 11, pp. 3541-3548, November 2006. [6] R. Persico, G. Pochanin, V. Ruban, I. Catapano, F. Soldovieri, Performances of a Microwave Tomographic Algorithm for GPR Systems Working in Differential Configuration, IEEE Jstars, vol. 9, n. 4, pp. 1343-1356, April 2016.

Helicity in the atmospheric boundary layer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kurgansky, Michael; Koprov, Boris; Koprov, Victor; Chkhetiani, Otto

2017-04-01

An overview is presented of recent direct field measurements at the Tsimlyansk Scientific Station of A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics in Moscow of turbulent helicity (and potential vorticity) using four acoustic anemometers positioned, within the atmospheric surface-adjacent boundary layer, in the vertices of a rectangular tetrahedron, with an approximate 5 m distance between the anemometers and a 5.5 m elevation of the tetrahedron base above the ground surface (Koprov, Koprov, Kurgansky and Chkhetiani. Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 2015, Vol.51, 565-575). The same ideology was applied in a later field experiment in Tsimlyansk with the tetrahedron's size of 0.7 m and variable elevation over the ground from 3.5 to 25 m. It is illustrated with examples of the statistical distribution of instantaneous (both positive and negative) turbulent helicity values. A theory is proposed that explains the measured mean turbulent helicity sign, including the sign of contribution to helicity from the horizontal and vertical velocity & vorticity components, respectively, and the sign of helicity buoyant production term. By considering a superposition of the classic Ekman spiral solution and a jet-like wind profile that mimics a shallow breeze circulation over a non-uniformly heated Earth surface, a possible explanation is provided, why the measured mean turbulent helicity sign is negative. The pronounced breeze circulation over the Tsimlyansk polygon which is located nearby the Tsimlyansk Reservoir was, indeed, observed during the measurements period. Whereas, essentially positive helicity is injected into the boundary layer from the free atmosphere in the Northern Hemisphere.

Hamiltonian flows with random-walk behaviour originating from zero-sum games and fictitious play

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

van Strien, Sebastian

2011-06-01

In this paper we introduce Hamiltonian dynamics, inspired by zero-sum games (best response and fictitious play dynamics). The Hamiltonian functions we consider are continuous and piecewise affine (and of a very simple form). It follows that the corresponding Hamiltonian vector fields are discontinuous and multi-valued. Differential equations with discontinuities along a hyperplane are often called 'Filippov systems', and there is a large literature on such systems, see for example (di Bernardo et al 2008 Theory and applications Piecewise-Smooth Dynamical Systems (Applied Mathematical Sciences vol 163) (London: Springer); Kunze 2000 Non-Smooth Dynamical Systems (Lecture Notes in Mathematics vol 1744) (Berlin: Springer); Leine and Nijmeijer 2004 Dynamics and Bifurcations of Non-smooth Mechanical Systems (Lecture Notes in Applied and Computational Mechanics vol 18) (Berlin: Springer)). The special feature of the systems we consider here is that they have discontinuities along a large number of intersecting hyperplanes. Nevertheless, somewhat surprisingly, the flow corresponding to such a vector field exists, is unique and continuous. We believe that these vector fields deserve attention, because it turns out that the resulting dynamics are rather different from those found in more classically defined Hamiltonian dynamics. The vector field is extremely simple: outside codimension-one hyperplanes it is piecewise constant and so the flow phit piecewise a translation (without stationary points). Even so, the dynamics can be rather rich and complicated as a detailed study of specific examples show (see for example theorems 7.1 and 7.2 and also (Ostrovski and van Strien 2011 Regular Chaotic Dynf. 16 129-54)). In the last two sections of the paper we give some applications to game theory, and finish with posing a version of the Palis conjecture in the context of the class of non-smooth systems studied in this paper. To Jacob Palis on his 70th birthday.

Resilience: the viewpoint of modern thermodynamics and information theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mazzorana, Bruno

2015-04-01

Understanding, qualifying and quantifying resilience as the system's effective performance and reserve capacity is an essential need for implementing effective and efficient risk mitigation strategies; in particular if possible synergies between different mitigation alternatives, such as active and passive measures, should be achieved. Relevant progress has recently been made in explaining the phenomenon of adaptation from the standpoint of physics, thereby delineating the difference is in terms of physical properties between something that is well-adapted to its surrounding environment, and something that is not (England, 2013). In this context the specific role of the second law of thermodynamics could be clarified (Schneider and Kay, 1994) and the added value of information theory could be illustrated (Ulanowicz, 2009). According to these findings Ecosystems resilience in response to a disturbance is a balancing act between system's effective performance and its reserve capacity. By extending this string of argumentation, the universe of discourse encompassing the concept of resilience of socio-ecologic systems impacted by natural hazard processes, is enriched by relevant implications derived from fundamental notions of modern thermodynamics and information theory. Metrics, meant to gauge ecosystems robustness in terms of the tradeoff allotment between systems effective performance and its beneficial reserve capacities developed by Ulanowicz (2009), are reviewed and their transferability to the natural hazard risk research domain is thoroughly discussed. The derived knowledge can be explored to identify priorities for action towards an increased institutional resilience. References: England, J. L. 2013. Statistical Physics of self-replication." J. Chem. Phys., 139, 121923. Schneider, E.D., Kay, J.J. 1994. Life as a manifestation of the second law of thermodynamics. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, Vol 19, No.6-8. Ulanowicz, R.E. 2009. Increasing entropy, heat death or perpetual harmonies? Int. J. of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics, Vol.4, No. 2, 83-96.

76 FR 20784 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-13

... Brazil Index Fund (``EWZ''), the Market Vectors Gold Miners ETF (``GDX''), and the Energy Select Sector... volatility.\\6\\ \\6\\ CBOE will be the reporting authority for any Vol Index. CBOE will compute values for Vol... price or the calculated forward value of the respective Vol index. Transactions in Vol Index options may...

Polarimetric Glucose Sensing Using Brewster Reflection off of Eye Lens: Theoretical Analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Boeckle, Stefan; Rovati, Luigi; Ansari, Rafat R.

2002-01-01

An important task of in vivo polarimetric glucose sensing is to find an appropriate way to optically access the aqueous humor of the human eye. In this paper two different approaches are analyzed theoretically and applied to the eye model of Le Grand. First approach is the tangential path of Cote, et al. (G.L. Cot6, M.D. Fox, and R.B. Northrop: Noninvasive Optical Polarimetric Glucose Sensing Using a True Phase Measurement Technique. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 39, no. 7, pp. 752-756, 1992.) and the second is a new scheme of this paper of applying Brewster reflection off the eye lens.

Molten Boron Phase-Change Thermal Energy Storage to Augment Solar Thermal Propulsion Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-07-13

Thermodynamic Properties of Transition Metal Borides . I. The Molybdenum-boron system and Elemental Boron," Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 81...February 1977, pp. 318-324. 38Itoh, H., Matsudaira, T., and Naka, S., "Formation Process of Tungsten Borides by Solid State Reaction Between Tungsten...Molybdenum-Boron and Some Properties of The Molybdenum- Borides ," Journal of Metals, September 1952, pp. 983-988. 40Stout, N. D., Mar, R. W., and Boo, W. O

A Study to Design a System to Identify Handicapped Family Members of Active Duty Soldiers at Fort Benning, Georgia

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-05-01

words spoken. Under Age 7 % 30 decibel hearing loss without hearing aid in one or both ears. Epilepsy Parkinson’s Disease Cerebral Palsy Multiple... Intervention in the Care of the Physically Handicapped, Severely Retarded Child." Nursing Clinics of North America, Vol. 10, No. 2 (June 1975): 353...requires assistance to support the essentials of daily living. h. Cerebral Palsy . With: (1) IQ of 83 or less; (2) Abnormal behavior patterns, such as

USSR and Eastern Europe Scientific Abstracts, Physics and Mathematics, No. 29

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-11-03

USSR CALCULATION OF THE FIELD AMPLITUDE WHEN RAYS ARE REFLECTED FROM A CURVED BOUNDARY IN A MEDIUM Moscow AKUSTICHESKIY ZHURNAL in Russian Vol 22, No...4, Jul/Aug 76 pp 616-617 manuscript received 17 Oct 75 [Abstract] It is shown that when calculating fields by ray tracing in a three-dimensional...waves from the ocean surface and bottom. References 4: 2 Russian, 2 Western. 1/1 USSR UDC: 534.29 YESIPOV, I. B., ZVEREV, V. A., KALACHEV, A

Hypersonic Experimental and Computational Capability, Improvement and Validation. Volume 2. (l’Hypersonique experimentale et de calcul - capacite, ameliorafion et validation)

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-12-01

Soft Sphere Molecular Model for Inverse-Power-Law or Lennard Jones Potentials , Physics of Fluids A, Vol. 3, No. 10, pp. 2459-2465. 42. Legge, H...information; — Providing assistance to member nations for the purpose of increasing their scientific and technical potential ; — Rendering scientific and...nal, 34:756-763, 1996. [22] W. Jones and B. Launder. The Prediction of Laminarization with a Two-Equation Model of Turbulence. Int. Journal of Heat

VLF Source Localization with a Freely Drifting Acoustic Sensor Array

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-09-01

A,’. vol. 89, no. 3, pp. 1134-1158, March 1991. D’Spain, G. L., W. S. Hodgkiss, and G. L. Edmonds, "The Simultaneous Measurement of Infra - sonic ...RESULTS Marine Physical Laboratory’s set of nine freely drifting, infrasonic sensors, capable of record- ing ocean ambient noise in the I- to 25-Hz range...provide thc ship’s thrust, are a well-known contributor to the infrasonic sound field [Ross, 1976; D’Spain et. al., 1991]. The Swallow float deployment

Exercise Heart Rate as a Predictor of Oxygen Consumption During Decompression from Saturation Diving

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-11-01

Swimming," nt. J. Sports Med., Vol. 18, (1997), pp. 347-353 3. L. B. Rowell, Human Circulation: Regulation during Physical Stress (New York: Oxford...University Press, 1986). 4. American College of Sports Medicine; B. A. Franklin, W. H. Whaley, and E. T. Howley, eds., ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise...function of oxygen consumption (VO 2)(L/min). Averages of regression parameters for individual subjects. IMMERSED HRvs . V0 2 Depth Slope Min Max Incpt, Min

Pressure Relief Behaviors and Weight Shifting Activities to Prevent Pressure Ulcers in Persons with SCI

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-10-01

pressures and increased blood flow. This level of off-loading is achieved by postural changes during sustained reaching, leaning and other...wheelchair cushions and pressure relief maneuvers on ischial interface pressure and blood flow in people with spinal cord injury”, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vol. 95 no.7, pp. 1350-1357, July 2014. ...0 AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-13-1-0387 TITLE: Pressure Relief Behaviors and Weight-Shifting Activities to Prevent Pressure Ulcers in

Prediction with Pooled Cross-Section and Time-Series Data: Two Case Studies.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-02-01

1977) 10. It may be that Venezuela’s role as a major oil R. C. Vogel, "The Dynamics of Inflation in Latin exporter makes the inflationary behavior of ...Instablitis." pp 296 24 pp., Dec 2976 (Published In Jawrnal of Cheeical Physics, Mango ), Marc S. end Thomas, Jams A., Jr., ’Analyticai Vol. 69, No. 6...is so dif- to first test for the overall homogeneity (equal- ferent that nothing can be gained by observing ity) of the coefficients. If this

Physical Concepts and Modeling Procedures for Picosecond and Subpicosecond Distributed Circuits

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-06-01

the GaA q process in Ginzton3 lab and pioneering the nonlinear transmission line effort. i Brian Kolner, Kurt Weingarten, Mark Rodwell, Reza Majidy -Ahy...Sobol), Vol. 8, Academic Press, New York, 1974. [3.18] R. Majidi -Ahy, B.A. Auld, and D.M. Bloom, 蔴 GHz on-wafer S-parameter measurements by...obsolete. CHAPTER 6. FUTURE DIRECTIONS 96 References [6.1] Cascade Microtech Inc., P.O. Box 2015, Beaverton, OR 97075. [6.21 R. Majidi -Ahy, B.A. Auld, and

Properties of Aerosols during a Dust Storm over the Beijing Area,

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-12-12

THE BEIJING AREA by Zhou Mingyu , Qu Shaohou, et al DTIC S ELECTE JAN 04 1984 N Lum E Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. 84 01 04 015...STORM OVER THE BEIJING AREA By: Zhou Mingyu , Qu Shaohou, et al. English~ pages: 22 Source: Huanjing Kexue Xuebao, Vol. 1, Nr. 3, September 1981, pp... Mingyu , Qu Shaohou, Song Ximing, Li Yuying, Yang Shaojin and Qian Qinfang Zhou, Qu, Song and Li of Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy

Towards well posed and robust image reconstruction in optical interferometry: redundant spacing calibration with generalized closure phases

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-05-18

Astrophysical Journal, 809, 61 Arnot N., Atherton P., Greenaway A., Noordam J., 1985, Traite- ment du Signal, 2, 129 Babai L., 1986, Combinatorica, 6, 1 Becker...Buscher, D. F. 2012, Astronomy and Astrophysics , 541, A46 Gorham P., Ghez A., Kulkarni S., Nakajima T., Neugebauer G., Oke J., Prince T., 1989...Series. Series C: Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 423, Adaptive Optics for Astron- omy. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, USA Greenbaum A

Lightweight Portable Plasma Medical Device - Plasma Engineering Research Laboratory

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

Wang, W. Zheng, and Y. N. Wang, "Optical study of radicals (OH, O, H, N) in a needle-plate negative pulsed streamer corona discharge ," Plasma...needle- plate bi-directional pulsed corona discharge ," European Physical Journal D, vol. 38, pp. 515-522, Jun 2006. 155 [35] W. Wang, S. Wang...F. Liu, W. Zheng, and D. Wang, "Optical study of OH radical in a wire-plate pulsed corona discharge ," Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and

The Deployment Life Study: Longitudinal Analysis of Military Families Across the Deployment Cycle

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-01-01

psychological and physical aggression than they reported prior to the deployment. 1 H. Fischer, A Guide to U.S. Military Casualty Statistics ...analyses include a large number of statistical tests and thus the results pre- sented in this report should be viewed in terms of patterns, rather...Military Children and Families,” The Future of Children, Vol. 23, No. 2, 2013, pp. 13–39. Fischer, H., A Guide to U.S. Military Casualty Statistics

Erosion Measurements in a Diverging Cusped-Field Thruster (Pre Print)

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-02-01

downstream of the thruster is covered by a graphite blanket for the same reason. The vacuum is estab- lished and maintained primarily by two 1.2 m gaseous...electron temperatures, the hybrid Larmor radius is calculated using the thermal speeds √ kTs ms for ions and electrons. The pre-sheath structure along...Thrusters Operate in Space,” Plasma Physics Reports, Vol. 29, 2003, pp. 251–266. 7 Martı́nez-Sánchez, M. and Pollard, J. E., “ Spacecraft Electric

Thermal Dissociation of Halogen Azides

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-09-01

Proc. Int. Conf. L.asers 1986. (38) Radimacher, P.; Bittner, A. J.; Schatnc. G.; Wilner, H . Chem. Ber. (43) Hcidner. R. F.; Helvajian . H .; Hollaway. J...Winker, DJ. Bernard and T.A. Seder, H -gh Power Gas Lasers, Proceedings of the SPIE, I= (1990) 543. 6. R.F. Heidner, H . Helvajian , J.S. Holloway and J.B...34Production of NF(a’A) by Dissociation of Fluorine Azide," Journal of Physical Chemistry, vol. 93, pp. 4790-4796, 1989. 3. R.H. Heidner, H . Helvajian , J.S

Determination of Phase Transformation Temperatures of Titanium-Nickel Using Differential Thermal Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-10-01

Kariotis, and F. J. Stimler, " Nitinol Characterization Study," NASA CR 1433, September 1969. 4. H. U. Schuerch, "Certain Physical Properties and...Applications of Nitinol ," NASA CR 1232, November 1969. 5. G. R. Speich and R. M. Fisher, "Acoustic Emission During Martensite Formation," ASTM STP 505...34The Effect of Alloying on Shape Memory Phenomenon in Nitinol ," Scripta Met., Vol. 10, 1976, pp. 667-672. 10. C. M. Jackson, H. J. Wagner, and R. J

Distributed Combustion in Solid Propellants

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-03-01

SENTRY. During that year three full scale development motors were test fired. All three motors experienced an unacceptabiy high level of combustion...CO. Thermochemical Implications," Journal of Physical Chemistry , 1986, Vol. 90, pp. 1688-1691. Rundinger, G., "Effect of Velocity Slip on the...resulting equation is found to be M (r, l = Lelnf 1 F (T-f- T’) I F(Tf- Ts) -J (B.20) where (p is given by P = (MvQ1 + McQ + H) Mil and F is the ratio of

Kinetic Methods for Predicting Flow Physics of Small Thruster Expansions

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-24

Zeifman, M., and Levin, D.,“Sensitivity of Water Condensation in a Super- sonic Plume to the Nucleation Rate,” Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer ...M. I., and Levin, D. A., “Kinetic Model of Condensation in a Free Argon Expanding Jet,” Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer , Vol. 20, No. 1...of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer , 25-28 June 2007. [44] Kumar, R. and Levin, D., “Simulation of Homogeneous Condensation of Ethanol in High

Interaction of Electromagnetic Fields with Magnetized Plasmas

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-03-31

ref. 1) and by Golde 3 (ref. 2). Two additional books, entirely on the subject of ball lightning, have been written by Singer (ref. 3) and by Barry...References 1. Martin A. Uman: Lightning, McGraw Hill Book Co. New York, N2Y. (1969), pp. £ 243-248. 2. R. H. Golde , Editor: Lightning: Vol. I. Physics of...ratio& moans with 9. A microwave aborpt ~on system. as defined in said varying .84118W field and absorb smid micro. claim X. wheretin said microwave

A Tool for Empirical Forecasting of Major Flares, Coronal Mass Ejections, and Solar Particle Events from a Proxy of Active-Region Free Magnetic Energy

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-04-07

Center, Huntsville, Alabama , USA. 2Physics Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama , USA. 3Center for Space Plasma and...Aeronomic Research, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama , USA. SPACE WEATHER, VOL. 9, S04003, doi:10.1029/2009SW000537, 2011...PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) University of of Alabama in Huntsville,Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research,Huntsville,AL,35899

Process Defects in Composites.

DTIC Science & Technology

1995-01-30

mean velocity, U, a high kinematic viscosity, v , and a small diameter of the fibers, D , lead to a very small Reynolds number Re = UD << 1 (1) where p is...partial credit to ARO). 9. D . Krajcinovic and S . Mastilovic, "Damage Evolution and Failure Modes", in: Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Computational...34Computer Simulation of a Model for Irreversible Gelation", Journal of Physics A, Vol. 16., pp. 1221-1239. Kuksenko, V . S . and Tamuzs, V . P., 1981

Molecular Interactions of High Energy Fuels and Jet Fuels with Oncogenic Viruses and Endogenous Viruses.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-02-01

furam failed to abrogate the inhibitory effect of MAMA , the ultimate carcinogen of SDMH. Detailed methodology required to ascertain effect of chemicals...Modern Environmental Toxicology Vol. I. Eds, N. Mishra, V. Dunkel, M. M11ehlman. Senate Press, N.J. 1980. (2) "Origins of Human Cancer ", by I.J...Longfellow, Ph.D. Assistant Chief Chemical and Physical Carcinogenesis Branch Division of Cancer Cause and Prevention NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MID 20205 VI

Documentation for the Recruiting Cost Estimates Utilized in the Navy Comprehensive Compensation and Supply Study.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-09-01

212 Integrals," Marseille, France, 4y 22-26. 1978) (PublIshed Mengel , Marc, "On Singular Characteristic Initial Value In Springer Verleg Lecture...at the Annual PP 228 meeting of he Anmrican Society for Information Science held Mengel , Marc, "Relaxation at Critical Points: Deterministic In San...Instabilities." PP 258 24 pp., Doec 1978 (Published In Journal of Chemical Physics, Mengel , Marc S. and Thames, Jees A., Jr.. "Analytical Vol. 69, NO. 8. Oct

Macroscopic Quantum Coherence and Computing

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-02-08

G . Meyer, Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 59, No. 17 (1999). [4] V . K. Kornev, I. I. Soloviev, N. V . Klenov, N. F. Pedersen, I. V . Borisenko, P. B. Mozhaev and G ...Koval, and A. V . Ustinov, Nature 425, 155 (2003). [3] N. Gronbech-Jensen, Phys. Rev. B 45, 7315 (1992). [4] N. Gronbech-Jensen, M. G . Castellano, F...Makhlin, G . Schon, A. Shnirman, Reviews of modern physics, Volume 73, No. 2 (2001). [3] E. lI"ichev, V . Zakosarenko, R. P. J. Ijsselstejn, H. E. Hoenig, H

Study of Turbulence by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-10-23

Hepp, and H . A. Weidenmuller (Springer Lecture Notes in Physics, Vol 12, 1972) p. 402. [17] A. Onuki , Phys. Lett. 127, 143 (1988). [18) K. R...of Turbulence", (W. I. Goldburg, P. Tong, and H . K. Pak), Physica D 38 (1989) 134-140. 2. "Scaling Laws in Weak Turbulence", (with H . K. Pak, W. I...Goldburg and P. Tong), (in press). 3. "An Experimental Study of Weak Turbulence", (with H . K. Pak and W. I. Goldburg), "Fluid Dynamics Research" (in

A Guide to Polar Diving,

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-06-01

Journal of Applied Recommendations, U.S. Navy Office of Naval Physiology, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 401-404, 1961. Research and Supervisor of Salvage, Dulles ...xeso fagair with decreasing temperature until it Is almost Ice Skylight - From the point of view of the always present at air temperatures of -~45*C...especially products face of an Ice skylight Is normally flat. Ice of combustion from heating or propulsion. At skylights are called large If big enough

Treatment of Chloroquine-Resistant Malaria with Esters of Cephalotaxine: Homoharringtonine

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

AD-A233 355 1py Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Vol. 84, No. 3,229-237 (1990) E L ECT E MAR 2 91991 Treatment of chloroquine -resistant...growth inhibition of two strains of chloroquine -resistant Plasmodiumfalciparum malaria in vitro. In vivo tests in mice infected with P.yoelii showed...usefulness of homoharringtonine in the treatment of chloroquine -resistant malaria, but also demonstrate the advantage of applying comparative biochemistry

Ocean Ambient Noise Studies for Improved Sonar Processing

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-30

conceptual basis of using multipath arrivals to enhance target localization still holds promise. In this project, the emphasis is on analytically and...Nosal 2006] E. Nosal and L. Neilfrazer, "Track of a sperm whale from delays between direct and surface-reflected clicks," Applied Acoustics, vol. 67, no...V. O’Connell, and K. Folkert, “Three- dimensional localization of sperm whales using a single hydrophone”, J. Acous. Soc. Am. 120, 2355-2365 (2006

Recent Naval Postgraduate School Publications

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-08-30

kind. Part 1: Regular kernals Applied Mathematics and Computation, vol. 21, p. 171-184, (1987). Neta B- Williams, R T Stability and phase speed for...Cong., Oslo Norway Aug. 5-9, 1985. IN Proc., IMAC, p. 209-213, (198). Neta Bi Williams, R T Stability and phase speed for various finite element...development phases DoD Software Technol. for Adaptable, Reliable Systems (STARS) Business Practices Area Manage. Workshop, Los Angeles, CA, Nov. 18-22, (1985

Pilot-in-the-Loop CFD Method Development

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-04-30

Comparison of Actuator Disk and Actuator Line Wind Turbine Models and Best Practices for Their Use,” Paper AIAA 2012-0900, 50th AIAA Aerospace...Field Actuator Disc Model,” Wind Energy, Vol. 1, (2), 1998, pp. 73–88. [4] Leclerc, C., and Masson, C., “ Wind Turbine Performance Predictions Using a...6] Mikkelsen, R., “Actuator Disc Methods Applied to Wind Turbines ,” Ph.D. thesis, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark, 2003. [7

The National Nanotechnology Initiative: Overview, Reauthorization, and Appropriations Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-08-09

new organs to replace damaged or diseased ones;10 • contact lenses, skin patches, and glucose-sensing tattoos that monitor diabetics’ blood sugar...collection on a device the size of a sugar cube;16 • inexpensive, flexible, durable, low-voltage “electronic skin ” sensors that allow robots and...Toward Nanoparticle-Based Electronic Skin ,” ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, vol. 5, no. 12 (2013), pp. pp 5531-5541. 18 U.S. Department of

Nonlinear Symplectic Attitude Estimation for Small Satellites

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-08-01

Vol. 45, No. 3, 2000, pp. 477-482. 7 Gelb, A., editor, Applied Optimal Estimation, The M.I.T. Press, Cambridge, MA, 1974. ’ Brown , R. G. and Hwang , P. Y...demonstrate orders of magnitude improvement in state and constants of motion estimation when compared to extended and iterative Kalman methods...satellites have fallen into the former category, including the ubiquitous Extended Kalman Filter (EKF).2 𔄁- 9 While this approach has been used

Time-Frequency Signal Representations Using Interpolations in Joint-Variable Domains

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-14

distribution kernels,” IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 1156–1165, May 1994. [25] G. S. Cunningham and W. J. Williams , “Kernel...interpolated data. For comparison, we include sparse reconstruction and WVD and Choi– Williams distribution (CWD) [23], which are directly applied to...Prentice-Hall, 1995. [23] H. I. Choi and W. J. Williams , “Improved time-frequency representa- tion of multicomponent signals using exponential kernels

Developing Army Leaders: Lessons for Teaching Critical Thinking in Distributed, Resident, and Mixed-Delivery Venues

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-01

Based and Affective Theories of Learning Outcomes to New Methods of Training Evaluation,” Journal of Applied Psychology Monograph, Vol. 2, No. 2, 1993...officers. Thus, the Command and Staff General School offers non-resident alternatives for the Common Core: an advanced distributed learning (ADL...course delivered online and a course combining in-person instruction and distributed learning taught in The Army School System (TASS). This report

Recent Naval Postgraduate School Publications.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-01

An appli-cation of calculus --o linguistics IN UMAP (Undergraduate Math. Aplications Proj ect) Instructional modulez (Un-it 334) , Sept., 1§81, p.1...and national mobilization in Romania: A Warsaw Pact country faces the Warsaw Pact threat Southeastern Reqional Conf. of the Inter-Univ. Seminar on Arme...and Social Sci., vol. 463, p. 69-83, (Sept., 1982). Burke D P Defense and mass mobilization in Romania Armed Forces and Soc., p. 31 etc., (Fall, 1980

Super Resolution Imaging Applied to Scientific Images

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-05-01

norm has found favor in the image restoration community because it allows discontinuities in its solution. As opposed to the L2 norm it does not...Oxford University Press. 31) Malay Kumar Nema , S.Rakshit and S.Chaudhuri,”Edge Model Based High Resolution Image Genration”Indian Conference on...Society of America, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 572- 579, February 1994 37) M. Nema , S. Rakshit and S. Chaudhuri, ``Edge Model Based High Resolution Image

Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Communications Program: Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation Literature Evaluation and Assessment, 1986-1987 Literature Review.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-11-01

and Carsteen E L (1985). Growth Rate and Mitotic Index Analysis of Vicia Faba L. Roots Exposed to 60-Hz Electric Fields. Bioelectromagnetics, Vol. 6...the observed effects. The mitotic index was also influenced. 5) In monkeys, central nervous system excitability was influenced by applying fields...Literature Search and Retrieval ...................... 16 2.2 Literature Culling and Indexing ...................... 18 2.3 Foreign Literature

Investigation of Sorption Mass Transfer Models Using Synthetic Soils

DTIC Science & Technology

1996-12-01

Goltz for his useful comments regarding my review of the literature. His comments served to enhance the readability of my review as well as the...versions. Researchers ( Goltz , 1986; Wu and Gschwend, 1986; Ball and Roberts, 1991b; Young and Ball, 1995) have applied Fick’s second law of diffusion...Values," Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 21, pp. 243-248, 1987. Goltz , M.N., Three-Dimensional Analytical Modeling of Diffusion-limited

Space, geophysical research related to Latin America - Part 2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mendoza, Blanca; Shea, M. A.

2016-11-01

For the last 25 years, every two to three years the Conferencia Latinoamericana de Geofísica Espacial (COLAGE) is held in one of the Latin American countries for the purpose of promoting scientific exchange among scientists of the region and to encourage continued research that is unique to this area of the world. At the more recent conference, the community realized that many individuals both within and outside Latin America have contributed greatly to the understanding of the space sciences in this area of the world. It was therefore decided to assemble a Special Issue Space and Geophysical Physics related to Latin America, presenting recent results and where submissions would be accepted from the world wide community of scientists involved in research appropriate to Latin America. Because of the large number of submissions, these papers have been printed in two separate issues. The first issue was published in Advances in Space Research, Vol. 57, number 6 and contained 15 papers. This is the second issue and contains 25 additional papers. These papers show the wide variety of research, both theoretical and applied, that is currently being developed or related to space and geophysical sciences in the Sub-Continent.

Progress in Acoustic Transmission of Power through Walls

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sherrit,Stewart; Coty, Benjamin; Bao, Xiaoqi; Bar-Cohen, Yoseph; Badescu, Mircea; Chang, Zensheu

2008-01-01

A document presents updated information on implementation of the wireless acoustic-electric feed-through (WAEF) concept, which was reported in Using Piezoelectric Devices To Transmit Power Through Walls (NPO-41157), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 32, No. 6 (June 2008), page 70. To recapitulate: In a basic WAEF setup, a transmitting piezoelectric transducer on one side of a wall is driven at resonance to excite ultrasonic vibrations in the wall. A receiving piezoelectric transducer on the opposite side of the wall converts the vibrations back to an ultrasonic AC electric signal, which is then detected and otherwise processed in a manner that depends on the modulation (if any) applied to the signal and whether the signal is used to transmit power, data, or both. The present document expands upon the previous information concerning underlying physical principles, advantages, and potential applications of WAEF. It discusses the design and construction of breadboard prototype piezoelectric transducers for WAEF. It goes on to present results of computational simulations of performance and results of laboratory tests of the prototypes. In one notable test, a 100-W light bulb was lit by WAEF to demonstrate the feasibility of powering a realistic load.

Dynamical behavior of lean swirling premixed flame generated by change in gravitational orientation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gotoda, Hiroshi; Miyano, Takaya; Shepherd, Ian

2010-11-01

The dynamic behavior of flame front instability in lean swirling premixed flame generated by the effect of gravitational orientation has been experimentally investigated in this work. When the gravitational direction is changed relative to the flame front, i.e., in inverted gravity, an unstably fluctuating flame (unstable flame) is formed in a limited domain of equivalence ratio and swirl number (Gotoda. H et al., Physical Review E, vol. 81, 026211, 2010). The time history of flame front fluctuations show that in the buoyancy-dominated region, chaotic irregular fluctuation with low frequencies is superimposed on the dominant periodic oscillation of the unstable flame. This periodic oscillation is produced by unstable large-scale vortex motion in combustion products generated by a change in the buoyancy/swirl interaction due to the inversion of gravitational orientation. As a result, the dynamic behavior of the unstable flame becomes low-dimensional deterministic chaos. Its dynamics maintains low-dimensional deterministic chaos even in the momentum-dominated region, in which vortex breakdown in the combustion products clearly occurs. These results were clearly demonstrated by the use of nonlinear time series analysis based on chaos theory, which has not been widely applied to the investigation of combustion phenomena.

Expediting Scientific Data Analysis with Reorganization of Data

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Byna, Surendra; Wu, Kesheng

2013-08-19

Data producers typically optimize the layout of data files to minimize the write time. In most cases, data analysis tasks read these files in access patterns different from the write patterns causing poor read performance. In this paper, we introduce Scientific Data Services (SDS), a framework for bridging the performance gap between writing and reading scientific data. SDS reorganizes data to match the read patterns of analysis tasks and enables transparent data reads from the reorganized data. We implemented a HDF5 Virtual Object Layer (VOL) plugin to redirect the HDF5 dataset read calls to the reorganized data. To demonstrate themore » effectiveness of SDS, we applied two parallel data organization techniques: a sort-based organization on a plasma physics data and a transpose-based organization on mass spectrometry imaging data. We also extended the HDF5 data access API to allow selection of data based on their values through a query interface, called SDS Query. We evaluated the execution time in accessing various subsets of data through existing HDF5 Read API and SDS Query. We showed that reading the reorganized data using SDS is up to 55X faster than reading the original data.« less

Comparison between electrically evoked and voluntary isometric contractions for biceps brachii muscle oxidative metabolism using near-infrared spectroscopy.

PubMed

Muthalib, Makii; Jubeau, Marc; Millet, Guillaume Y; Maffiuletti, Nicola A; Nosaka, Kazunori

2009-09-01

This study compared voluntary (VOL) and electrically evoked isometric contractions by muscle stimulation (EMS) for changes in biceps brachii muscle oxygenation (tissue oxygenation index, DeltaTOI) and total haemoglobin concentration (DeltatHb = oxygenated haemoglobin + deoxygenated haemoglobin) determined by near-infrared spectroscopy. Twelve men performed EMS with one arm followed 24 h later by VOL with the contralateral arm, consisting of 30 repeated (1-s contraction, 1-s relaxation) isometric contractions at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) for the first 60 s, and maximal intensity contractions thereafter (MVC for VOL and maximal tolerable current at 30 Hz for EMS) until MVC decreased approximately 30% of pre-exercise MVC. During the 30 contractions at 30% MVC, DeltaTOI decrease was significantly (P < 0.05) greater and DeltatHb was significantly (P < 0.05) lower for EMS than VOL, suggesting that the metabolic demand for oxygen in EMS is greater than VOL at the same torque level. However, during maximal intensity contractions, although EMS torque (approximately 40% of VOL) was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than VOL, DeltaTOI was similar and tHb was significantly (P < 0.05) lower for EMS than VOL towards the end, without significant differences between the two sessions in the recovery period. It is concluded that the oxygen demand of the activated biceps brachii muscle in EMS is comparable to VOL at maximal intensity.

Recruiting Effects of Army Advertising

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-01-01

Journal of Advertising Research , Vol. 20, No. 4, August 1980. Assmus...Vol. 21, No. 1, February 1984. Aykac, Ahmet, Marcel Corstijens, and David Gautschi, "Is There a Kink in Your Advertising?" Journal of Advertising Research , Vol...A. Jay, and T. Twyman, "The Validity of Advertising Pretests," Journal of Advertising Research , Vol. 17, No. 2, 1977. Box, G. E. P., and Larry

Looking Back and Ahead: 20 Years of Technologies for Language Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Godwin-Jones, Robert

2016-01-01

Over the last 20 years Robert Godwin-Jones has written 48 columns on "Emerging Technologies"; an additional six columns have been written by guest columnists. Several topics have been re-examined in regular intervals of approximately five years, namely digital literacy (Vol. 4, Num. 2; Vol. 10, Num. 2; Vol. 14, Num. 3; Vol. 19, Num. 3)…

Effects of Microstructural Parameters on Creep of Nickel-Base Superalloy Single Crystals

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

MacKay, Rebecca A.; Gabb, Timothy P.; Nathal, Michael V.

2013-01-01

Microstructure-sensitive creep models have been developed for Ni-base superalloy single crystals. Creep rupture testing was conducted on fourteen single crystal alloys at two applied stress levels at each of two temperatures, 982 and 1093 C. The variation in creep lives among the different alloys could be explained with regression models containing relatively few microstructural parameters. At 982 C, gamma-gamma prime lattice mismatch, gamma prime volume fraction, and initial gamma prime size were statistically significant in explaining the creep rupture lives. At 1093 C, only lattice mismatch and gamma prime volume fraction were significant. These models could explain from 84 to 94 percent of the variation in creep lives, depending on test condition. Longer creep lives were associated with alloys having more negative lattice mismatch, lower gamma prime volume fractions, and finer gamma prime sizes. The gamma-gamma prime lattice mismatch exhibited the strongest influence of all the microstructural parameters at both temperatures. Although a majority of the alloys in this study were stable with respect to topologically close packed (TCP) phases, it appeared that up to approximately 2 vol% TCP phase did not affect the 1093 C creep lives under applied stresses that produced lives of approximately 200 to 300 h. In contrast, TCP phase contents of approximately 2 vol% were detrimental at lower applied stresses where creep lives were longer. A regression model was also developed for the as-heat treated initial gamma prime size; this model showed that gamma prime solvus temperature, gamma-gamma prime lattice mismatch, and bulk Re content were all statistically significant.

Impact of Parameter Variation in Fabrication of Nanostructure by Atomic Force Microscopy Nanolithography

PubMed Central

Dehzangi, Arash; Larki, Farhad; Hutagalung, Sabar D.; Goodarz Naseri, Mahmood; Majlis, Burhanuddin Y.; Navasery, Manizheh; Hamid, Norihan Abdul; Noor, Mimiwaty Mohd

2013-01-01

In this letter, we investigate the fabrication of Silicon nanostructure patterned on lightly doped (1015 cm−3) p-type silicon-on-insulator by atomic force microscope nanolithography technique. The local anodic oxidation followed by two wet etching steps, potassium hydroxide etching for silicon removal and hydrofluoric etching for oxide removal, are implemented to reach the structures. The impact of contributing parameters in oxidation such as tip materials, applying voltage on the tip, relative humidity and exposure time are studied. The effect of the etchant concentration (10% to 30% wt) of potassium hydroxide and its mixture with isopropyl alcohol (10%vol. IPA ) at different temperatures on silicon surface are expressed. For different KOH concentrations, the effect of etching with the IPA admixture and the effect of the immersing time in the etching process on the structure are investigated. The etching processes are accurately optimized by 30%wt. KOH +10%vol. IPA in appropriate time, temperature, and humidity. PMID:23776479

A Weathering Index for CK and R Chondrites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rubin, Alan E.; Huber, Heinz

2006-01-01

We present a new weathering index (wi) for the metallic-Fe-Ni-poor chondrite groups (CK and R) based mainly on transmitted light observations of the modal abundance of crystalline material that is stained brown in thin sections: wi-0, <5 vol%; wi-1, 5-25 vol%; wi-2,25-50 vol%; wi-3,50- 75 vol%; wi-4, 75-95 vol%; wi-5, >95 vol%, wi-6, significant replacement of mafic silicates by phyllosilicates. Brown staining reflects mobilization of oxidized iron derived mainly from terrestrial weathering of Ni-bearing sulfide. With increasing degrees of terrestrial weathering of CK and R chondrites, the sulfide modal abundance decreases, and S, Se, and Ni become increasingly depleted. In addition, bulk Cl increases in Antarctic CK chondrites, probably due to contamination from airborne sea mist.

Remedial Investigation Badger Army Ammunition Plant, Baraboo, Wisconsin. Volume 3. Appendices G Through J

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

B~est Availlable COPY AD-A280 438’El UlHI~ll lIMEll l Ulll "U.S. Army Environmental Center 7C, 0* £0 t;,2.’ . .. US AR.Y E[N,’IP r TM,’.F A, CENtIR...Split Groundwater Samples Vol. 6 APPENDIX M - CALCULATIONS FOR PARAMETERS USED IN RISK ASSESSMENT Vol. 7 APPENDIX N - IRIS FILES FOR COMPOUNDS OF...POTENTIAL CONCERN Vol. 7 APPENDIX 0 - HUMAN HEALTH RISK CALCULATIONS Vol. 7 APPENDIX P - INVENTORY OF SITE SPECIES Vol. 7 APPENDIX Q - EXPOSURE

Semiclassical Planetology: a progress report

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Celebonovic, V.

1999-12-01

Work on planetary internal structure has started in Yugoslavia in the early sixties.It was initiated by P.Savic and R.Kasanin,who have jointly developed a theory of the behaviour of materials under high pressure.By its physical basis,this theory is semiclassical,because it is based on classical physics combined with some quantum mechanical results.The calculations in the theory ( both laboratory and planetological) are baed on ths idea that high pressure leads to excitation and ionisation of atoms and/or molecules which make up the specimen. In this paper we shall briefly present the main ideas of this theory,and then discuss its planetological applications. References P.Savic and V.Celebonovic: 1994,AIP Conf.Proc.,vol.309,p.53. V.Celebonovic: 1999,preprint cond-mat/9906027

A high plasma: red blood cell transfusion ratio during liver transplantation is associated with decreased blood utilization.

PubMed

Pagano, M B; Metcalf, R A; Hess, J R; Reyes, J; Perkins, J D; Montenovo, M I

2018-04-01

During massive transfusion, the volume ratio of administered plasma (PL Vol) to red blood cell (RBC Vol) appears to be associated with reduced blood utilization and improved survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the optimal component ratio in the setting of liver transplantation. This is a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent liver transplantation and received at least 500 ml of red blood cells from January 2013 through December 2015. Kernel smoothing analysis determined the proper component ratios to evaluate were a ≥0·85:1 ratio (high) to a ≤0·85:1 ratio (low). Two groups, plasma volume to RBC volume (PL Vol/RBC Vol) and plasma contained in the platelet units added to the plasma calculation [PL + PLT (platelet)] Vol/RBC Vol, were used to evaluate the component ratios. A total of 188 patients were included in the analysis. In the PL Vol/RBC Vol evaluation, a low ratio revealed that 1238 ml (977-1653 ml) (P < 0·0001) and 1178 ml (747-1178) (P < 0·0001) of RBC were used in excess compared to the high ratio, in the univariable and multivariable analysis, respectively. In the PL +PLT Vol/RBC Vol evaluation, a low ratio used 734 ml (193-1275) (P = 0·008) and 886 ml (431-1340) (P < 0·0001) of RBC in excess when compared to high ratio in the univariable and multivariable analysis, respectively. In patients undergoing liver transplantation, the transfusion of plasma to RBC ratio ≥0·85 was associated with decreased need of RBC transfusions. © 2018 International Society of Blood Transfusion.

The Influence of Preoperative Aneurysmal Thrombus Quantity and Distribution on the Development of Type II Endoleaks with Aneurysm Sac Enlargement After EVAR of AAA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Müller-Wille, R., E-mail: rene.mueller-wille@ukr.de; Güntner, O., E-mail: oliverguentner@yahoo.de; Zeman, F., E-mail: florian.zeman@ukr.de

PurposeTo determine the influence of preoperative aneurysmal thrombus quantity and distribution on the development of type II endoleak with aneurysm sac enlargement after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR).Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the pre- and postoperatively performed CT scans of 118 patients who had follow-up imaging for at least 1 year after EVAR available. We assessed preoperative thrombus perimeter (T{sub Peri}), diameter (T{sub Dia}), cross-sectional area (T{sub CSA}), and volume (T{sub Vol}). The preoperative thrombus distribution was classified into no thrombus, semilunar-shaped (anterior, right side, left side, posterior) thrombus, and circumferential type thrombus. The number of preoperative patent aortic side branches (ASB)more » was identified. Endpoint was type II endoleak with aneurysm volume (A{sub Vol}) increase of ≥5 % during follow-up.ResultsDuring follow-up (2 years, range 1–9 years), 17 patients with type II endoleak had significant A{sub Vol} increase. Less preoperative T{sub Peri}, T{sub Dia}, T{sub CSA}, and T{sub Vol} were associated with A{sub Vol} increase. A circumferential thrombus distribution significantly protected against aneurysm enlargement (p = 0.028). The variables with the strongest significance for A{sub Vol} increase were preoperative T{sub Vol}/A{sub Vol} ratio (OR 0.95; p = 0.037) and number of patent ASB (OR 3.52; p < 0.001).ConclusionA low preoperative T{sub Vol}/A{sub Vol} ratio and a high number of patent ASB were associated with aneurysm sac enlargement after EVAR.« less

Collaborative Research: Simulation of Beam-Electron Cloud Interactions in Circular Accelerators Using Plasma Models

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Katsouleas, Thomas; Decyk, Viktor

Final Report for grant DE-FG02-06ER54888, "Simulation of Beam-Electron Cloud Interactions in Circular Accelerators Using Plasma Models" Viktor K. Decyk, University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547 The primary goal of this collaborative proposal was to modify the code QuickPIC and apply it to study the long-time stability of beam propagation in low density electron clouds present in circular accelerators. The UCLA contribution to this collaborative proposal was in supporting the development of the pipelining scheme for the QuickPIC code, which extended the parallel scaling of this code by two orders of magnitude. The USC work was as describedmore » here the PhD research for Ms. Bing Feng, lead author in reference 2 below, who performed the research at USC under the guidance of the PI Tom Katsouleas and the collaboration of Dr. Decyk The QuickPIC code [1] is a multi-scale Particle-in-Cell (PIC) code. The outer 3D code contains a beam which propagates through a long region of plasma and evolves slowly. The plasma response to this beam is modeled by slices of a 2D plasma code. This plasma response then is fed back to the beam code, and the process repeats. The pipelining is based on the observation that once the beam has passed a 2D slice, its response can be fed back to the beam immediately without waiting for the beam to pass all the other slices. Thus independent blocks of 2D slices from different time steps can be running simultaneously. The major difficulty was when particles at the edges needed to communicate with other blocks. Two versions of the pipelining scheme were developed, for the the full quasi-static code and the other for the basic quasi-static code used by this e-cloud proposal. Details of the pipelining scheme were published in [2]. The new version of QuickPIC was able to run with more than 1,000 processors, and was successfully applied in modeling e-clouds by our collaborators in this proposal [3-8]. Jean-Luc Vay at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab later implemented a similar basic quasistatic scheme including pipelining in the code WARP [9] and found good to very good quantitative agreement between the two codes in modeling e-clouds. References [1] C. Huang, V. K. Decyk, C. Ren, M. Zhou, W. Lu, W. B. Mori, J. H. Cooley, T. M. Antonsen, Jr., and T. Katsouleas, "QUICKPIC: A highly efficient particle-in-cell code for modeling wakefield acceleration in plasmas," J. Computational Phys. 217, 658 (2006). [2] B. Feng, C. Huang, V. K. Decyk, W. B. Mori, P. Muggli, and T. Katsouleas, "Enhancing parallel quasi-static particle-in-cell simulations with a pipelining algorithm," J. Computational Phys, 228, 5430 (2009). [3] C. Huang, V. K. Decyk, M. Zhou, W. Lu, W. B. Mori, J. H. Cooley, T. M. Antonsen, Jr., and B. Feng, T. Katsouleas, J. Vieira, and L. O. Silva, "QUICKPIC: A highly efficient fully parallelized PIC code for plasma-based acceleration," Proc. of the SciDAC 2006 Conf., Denver, Colorado, June, 2006 [Journal of Physics: Conference Series, W. M. Tang, Editor, vol. 46, Institute of Physics, Bristol and Philadelphia, 2006], p. 190. [4] B. Feng, C. Huang, V. Decyk, W. B. Mori, T. Katsouleas, P. Muggli, "Enhancing Plasma Wakefield and E-cloud Simulation Performance Using a Pipelining Algorithm," Proc. 12th Workshop on Advanced Accelerator Concepts, Lake Geneva, WI, July, 2006, p. 201 [AIP Conf. Proceedings, vol. 877, Melville, NY, 2006]. [5] B. Feng, P. Muggli, T. Katsouleas, V. Decyk, C. Huang, and W. Mori, "Long Time Electron Cloud Instability Simulation Using QuickPIC with Pipelining Algorithm," Proc. of the 2007 Particle Accelerator Conference, Albuquerque, NM, June, 2007, p. 3615. [6] B. Feng, C. Huang, V. Decyk, W. B. Mori, G. H. Hoffstaetter, P. Muggli, T. Katsouleas, "Simulation of Electron Cloud Effects on Electron Beam at ERL with Pipelined QuickPIC," Proc. 13th Workshop on Advanced Accelerator Concepts, Santa Cruz, CA, July-August, 2008, p. 340 [AIP Conf. Proceedings, vol. 1086, Melville, NY, 2008]. [7] B. Feng, C. Huang, V. K. Decyk, W. B. Mori, P. Muggli, and T. Katsouleas, "Enhancing parallel quasi-static particle-in-cell simulations with a pipelining algorithm," J. Computational Phys, 228, 5430 (2009). [8] C. Huang, W. An, V. K. Decyk, W. Lu, W. B. Mori, F. S. Tsung, M. Tzoufras, S. Morshed, T. Antonsen, B. Feng, T. Katsouleas, R., A. Fonseca, S. F. Martins, J. Vieira, L. O. Silva, E. Esarey, C. G. R. Geddes, W. P. Leemans, E. Cormier-Michel, J.-L. Vay, D. L. Bruhwiler, B. Cowan, J. R. Cary, and K. Paul, "Recent results and future challenges for large scale particleion- cell simulations of plasma-based accelerator concepts," Proc. of the SciDAC 2009 Conf., San Diego, CA, June, 2009 [Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 180, Institute of Physics, Bristol and Philadelphia, 2009], p. 012005. [9] J.-L. Vay, C. M. Celata, M. A. Furman, G. Penn, M. Venturini, D. P. Grote, and K. G. Sonnad, ?Update on Electron-Cloud Simulations Using the Package WARP-POSINST.? Proc. of the 2009 Particle Accelerator Conference PAC09, Vancouver, Canada, June, 2009, paper FR5RFP078.« less

On the direct detection of gravitational waves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pustovoit, V. I.

2016-10-01

Different types of gravitational wave (GW) detectors are considered. It is noted that interferometric techniques offer the greatest prospects for GW registration due to their high sensitivity and extremely wide frequency band. Using laser interferometers, proposed as far back as 1962 in the work by M E Gertsenshtein and V I Pustovoit published in Russian (Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., vol. 43, p. 605, 1962) and in English translation (Sov. Phys. JETP, vol. 16, p. 433, 1963), it proved possible for the first time to directly detect GW emission from a merger of two black holes. It is noted that the assertion that Gertsen-shtein-Pustovoit's work was unknown to some of those experts involved in direct GW detection is inconsistent with reality. The problems of high-power laser radiation affecting the electrostatic polarization of free-mass mirrors are discussed. It is shown that mirror polarization can lead to additional links with electrically conducting elements of the design resulting in the interferometer's reduced sensitivity. Some new prospects for developing high reflection structures are discussed and heat extraction problems are considered. This article is the revised and extended version of the report “On the first direct detection of gravitational waves” delivered by V I Pustovoit at the Scientific Session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (March 2, 2016). All other reports presented at the session were published in the preceding issue of Physics-Uspekhi (September 2016) (see Refs [108, 111-113]). (Editorial note)

The Role of Stress in the Corrosion Cracking of Aluminum Alloys

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-01

Corrosion IGSCC Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking NAMLT Nitric Acid Mass Loss Test SCC Stress Corrosion Cracking TGSCC Transgranular Stress...solution at a nitric acid mass loss test (NAMLT) value of 49 mg/cm 2 with an applied voltage of 0.73 VSCE. They also showed that the amount of corrosion ...for determining the susceptibility to intergranualr corrosion of 5XXX series aluminum alloys by mass loss after exposure to nitric acid ," vol.

Speaker Clustering for a Mixture of Singing and Reading (Preprint)

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

diarization [2, 3] which answers the ques- tion of ”who spoke when?” is a combination of speaker segmentation and clustering. Although it is possible to...focuses on speaker clustering, the techniques developed here can be applied to speaker diarization . For the remainder of this paper, the term ”speech...and retrieval,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 88, 2000. [2] S. Tranter and D. Reynolds, “An overview of automatic speaker diarization systems,” IEEE

JPRS Report, Soviet Union Kommunist No 13, September 1987.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-12-10

fast and decisive forward movement, with the risk of all sorts of disadvantages and defeats" (vol 24, p 138). Under such most difficult circumstances...local. On each individual occasion and at different times they applied to commodities produced by individual sectors: wholesale prices in industry ...of self-support and self-financing. The level of wholesale prices in industry was raised after 1955 by a factor of 2.7 in coal mining, 3.8 in

Acquisition Review Quarterly. Vol. 2, No. 1, Winter 1995

DTIC Science & Technology

1995-01-01

and Co. Kotler , P. (1988). Marketing Management: Analysis and Planning (6th ed.), (pp. 280-284). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 40- Winter...University of Massachusetts. Dr. Durant is a professor and Chair of the Faculty of Marketing in the College of Business and Mangement at the University...studies related to consumer behav- ior in marketing . In addition to being easy to apply, it is quite useful in diagnosing why one product is viewed more

Optical Computing Research.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-10-30

1489-1496, 1985. 13. W.T. Welford and R. Winston , The Optics of Nonimaging Concentrators , Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 1978 (see Appendix A). 14. R.H...34, Applied Optics , Vol. 25, pp. 3033-3046 (1986). 2. P. Idell and J.W. Goodman, "Design of optical imaging concentrators for partially coherent light: absolute...AD-fIB? Ŗ OPTICAL CONPIITINO RESEAIRCII(U STANFORD UlNIV CA STINFORD / ELECTRONICS LASS J N 0000W4 30 OCT 97 SMAFOSR-TR-S?-1635 RFOSR-96

Aluminum Agglomeration and Trajectory in Solid Rocket Motors

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-08-30

34the stepwise oxidation of aluminum (that) is caused by the sequence of polymorphic phase transitions occurring in the growing oxide film",2 5 . 25...C. and Yang, V., "Analysis of RDX Monopropellant Combustion with Two-Phase Subsurface Reactions", Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 11, No. 4...temperature. Generalized mechanisms have been developed and applied to many ingredients such as HMX , GAP, NG, BTTN, ADN and AP.10 The burning rates of

Characterizing Effects and Benefits of Beam Defocus on High Energy Laser Performance Under Thermal Blooming and Turbulence Conditions for Air-to-Ground Engagements

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-04-29

Multiple aperture laser systems for thermal blooming environments,” Applied Optics, Vol. 22, No. 21 (1 November 1983), pp. 3366-3370. 42. Siegman ...CHARACTERIZING EFFECTS AND BENEFITS OF BEAM DEFOCUS ON HIGH ENERGY LASER PERFORMANCE UNDER THERMAL BLOOMING AND TURBULENCE CONDITIONS FOR AIR...States Government. AFIT / DS / ENS / 08-05 CHARACTERIZING EFFECTS AND BENEFITS OF BEAM DEFOCUS ON HIGH ENERGY LASER PERFORMANCE UNDER THERMAL

Two-Dimensional Stochastic Projections for Tight Integration of Optical and Inertial Sensors for Navigation

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

Intelligent Robots and Systems, vol- ume 1, pp. 123–128, September 2002. [2] R. G. Brown and P. Y. Hwang . Introduction to Ran- dom Signals and Applied... Kalman Filter-based) method for calculat- ing a trajectory by tracking features at an unknown location on the Earth’s surface, provided the topography...Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and an automatic target tracking algorithm. In the following section, the integration architecture is presented, which in

Next Generation 3D Mixed Mode Fracture Propagation Theory Including HCF-LCF Interaction (Preprint)

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

vectors. Depending on processing symmetries, the six principal fracture resistance values may not all be unique. If they are all equal, and l m=1...detail, see [26]. Table 1. Inco 718 Crack Kink angle Data Measured Kink Angles Spec No RI RII RIII KI+ KII+ KIII+ Mean Beq Primary Secondary In Phase 1...R. Ingraffea, “Interactive Finite-Element Analyses of Fracture Processes : An Integrated Approach”, Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, Vol

Color and Luminance Asymmetries in the Clear Sky

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-01-20

differences directly from x, y, and Y in the perceptually anisotropic CIE XYZ color space, we first map this data into the isotropic CIELUV color...2 v*1/ 2 . 20 January 2003 Vol. 42, No. 3 APPLIED OPTICS 459 L*, u*, v* are the CIELUV space’s orthogonal coor- dinates, and L*, u*, v...are the corresponding differences between coordinates of the two light sources being compared. Note that 3–5 CIELUV color-difference units are often

URREF Reliability Versus Credibility in Information Fusion

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-07-01

Fusion, Vol. 3, No. 2, December, 2008. [31] E. Blasch, J. Dezert, and P. Valin , “DSMT Applied to Seismic and Acoustic Sensor Fusion,” Proc. IEEE Nat...44] E. Blasch, P. Valin , E. Bossé, “Measures of Effectiveness for High- Level Fusion,” Int. Conference on Information Fusion, 2010. [45] X. Mei, H...and P. Valin , “Information Fusion Measures of Effectiveness (MOE) for Decision Support,” Proc. SPIE 8050, 2011. [49] Y. Zheng, W. Dong, and E

Radar Imaging for Urban Sensing

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-04-01

waveforms, we fix the input SNR to the matched filter in all cases. The noise variance may be obtained as, 97 ^ l ^feo (20) where Pmax is the highest...maximum likelihood, and cramer-rao bound," IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Processing, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 720-741, May 1989. [16] L . Frazier...it may fail to work when directly applied to extended targets or target returns of low SNR. The Beamspace MUSIC (BS-MUSIC), in which the MUSIC

Projecting the success of plant restoration with population viability analysis

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bell, T.J.; Bowles, M.L.; McEachern, A.K.; Brigham, C.A.; Schwartz, M.W.

2003-01-01

Conserving viable populations of plant species requires that they have high probabilities of long-term persistence within natural habitats, such as a chance of extinction in 100 years of less than 5% (Menges 1991, 1998; Brown 1994; Pavlik 1994; Chap. 1, this Vol.). For endangered and threatened species that have been severely reduces in range and whose habitats have been fragmented, important species conservation strategies may include augmenting existing populations or restoring new viable populations (Bowles and Whelan 1994; Chap. 2, this Vol.). Restoration objectives may include increasing population numbers to reduce extinction probability, deterministic manipulations to develop a staged cohort structure, or more complex restoration of a desired genetic structure to allow outcrossing or increase effective population size (DeMauro 1993, 1994; Bowles et al. 1993, 1998; Pavlik 1994; Knapp and Dyer 1998; Chap. 2, this Vol.). These efforts may require translocation of propagules from existing (in situ) populations, or from ex situ botanic gardens or seed storage facilities (Falk et al. 1996; Guerrant and Pavlik 1998; Chap. 2, this Vol.). Population viability analysis (PVA) can provide a critical foundation for plant restoration, as it models demographic projections used to evaluate the probability of population persistence and links plant life history with restoration strategies. It is unknown how well artificially created populations will meet demographic modeling requirements (e.g., due to artificial cohort transitions) and few, if any, PVAs have been applied to restorations. To guide application of PVA to restored populations and to illustrate potential difficulties, we examine effects of planting different life stages, model initial population sizes needed to achieve population viability, and compare demographic characteristics between natural and restored populations. We develop and compare plant population restoration viability analysis (PRVA) case studies of two plant species listed in the USA for which federal recovery planning calls for population restoration: Cirsium pitcheri, a short-lived semelparous herb, and Asclepias meadii, a long-lived iteroparous herb.

Quantum Dualism: Hypermind?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jones, R.

Today the consensus view is that thought and mind is a combination of processes like memory, generalization, comparison, deduction, organization, analogy, etc. performed by classical computational machinery. (R. Jones, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., vol. 109, #3/4, 2006) But I believe quantum mechanics is a more plausible dualist theory of reality. (R. Jones, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., vol. 5, 2011) In a quantum computer the processing (thinking) takes place either in computers in Everett's many worlds or else in the many dimensional Hilbert space. (Depending upon your interpretation of QM.) If our brains were quantum computers then there might be a world of mind which is distinct from the physical world that our bodies occupy. (4 space) This is much like the spirit-body dualism of Descartes and others. My own view is that thought and mind are classical phenomena (see www.robert-w-jones.com, philosopher, theory of thought and mind) but it would be interesting to run an artificial intelligence like my A.S.A. H. on a quantum computer. Might this produce, for the first time, a hypermind in its own universe?

Aviation-fuel property effects on combustion

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rosfjord, T. J.

1984-01-01

The fuel chemical property influence on a gas turbine combustor was studied using 25 test fuels. Fuel physical properties were de-emphasized by using fuel injectors which produce highly-atomized, and hence rapidly vaporizing sprays. A substantial fuel spray characterization effort was conducted to allow selection of nozzles which assured that such sprays were achieved for all fuels. The fuels were specified to cover the following wide ranges of chemical properties: hydrogen, 9.1 to 15 (wt) pct; total aromatics, 0 to 100 (vol) pct; and naphthalene, 0 to 30 (vol) pct. standard fuels (e.g., Jet A, JP4), speciality products (e.g., decalin, xylene tower bottoms) and special fuel blends were included. The latter group included six, 4-component blends prepared to achieve parametric variations in fuel hydrogen, total aromatics and naphthalene contents. The principle influences of fuel chemical properties on the combustor behavior were reflected by the radiation, liner temperature, and exhaust smoke number (or equivalently, soot number density) data. Test results indicated that naphthalene content strongly influenced the radiative heat load while parametric variations in total aromatics did not.

Influence of matching solubility parameter of polymer matrix and CNT on electrical conductivity of CNT/rubber composite

PubMed Central

Ata, Seisuke; Mizuno, Takaaki; Nishizawa, Ayumi; Subramaniam, Chandramouli; Futaba, Don N.; Hata, Kenji

2014-01-01

We report a general approach to fabricate elastomeric composites possessing high electrical conductivity for applications ranging from wireless charging interfaces to stretchable electronics. By using arbitrary nine kinds of rubbers as matrices, we experimentally demonstrate that the matching the solubility parameter of CNTs and the rubber matrix is important to achieve higher electrical conductivity in CNT/rubber composite, resulting in continuous conductive pathways leading to electrical conductivities as high as 15 S/cm with 10 vol% CNT in fluorinated rubber. Further, using thermodynamic considerations, we demonstrate an approach to mix CNTs to arbitrary rubber matrices regardless of solubility parameter of matrices by adding small amounts of fluorinated rubber as a polymeric-compatibilizer of CNTs. We thereby achieved electrical conductivities ranging from 1.2 to 13.8 S/cm (10 vol% CNTs) using nine varieties of rubber matrices differing in chemical structures and physical properties. Finally, we investigated the components of solubility parameter of CNT by using Hansen solubility parameters, these findings may useful for controlling solubility parameter of CNTs. PMID:25434701

Application of Knowledge-Based Techniques to Tracking Function

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-09-01

38394041 42434445 46474849 505152 53545556 57585960 616263 646566 676869 707172 737475 7677 7879 8081 8283 8485 8687 8889 9091 9293 9495 969798 99100...Knowledge-based applications to adaptive space-time processing. Volume I: Summary”, AFRL-SN-TR-2001-146 Vol. I (of Vol. VI ), Final Technical Report, July...2001-146 Vol. IV (of Vol. VI ), Final Technical Report, July 2001. [53] C. Morgan, L. Moyer, “Knowledge-based applications to adaptive space-time

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal study area evaluations. Volume 6-E. Central study area exposure assessment. Version 4. 1(volume 6-E). Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Study area evaluations. Volume 6-H. North plants study area exposure assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 7. Summary exposure assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal study area evaluations. Volume 6-F. Eastern study area exposure assessment. Version 4. 1(volume 6-F). Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 8. Response to comments on the draft exposure assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 2-A. Toxicity assessment. Version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis a introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 3. Toxicity assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 1. Land use and exposed population evaluations version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal study area evaluations. Volume 6-C. Southern study area exposure assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Biceps brachii muscle oxygenation in electrical muscle stimulation.

PubMed

Muthalib, Makii; Jubeau, Marc; Millet, Guillaume Y; Maffiuletti, Nicola A; Ferrari, Marco; Nosaka, Kazunori

2010-09-01

The purpose of this study was to compare between electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) and maximal voluntary (VOL) isometric contractions of the elbow flexors for changes in biceps brachii muscle oxygenation (tissue oxygenation index, TOI) and haemodynamics (total haemoglobin volume, tHb = oxygenated-Hb + deoxygenated-Hb) determined by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The biceps brachii muscle of 10 healthy men (23-39 years) was electrically stimulated at high frequency (75 Hz) via surface electrodes to evoke 50 intermittent (4-s contraction, 15-s relaxation) isometric contractions at maximum tolerated current level (EMS session). The contralateral arm performed 50 intermittent (4-s contraction, 15-s relaxation) maximal voluntary isometric contractions (VOL session) in a counterbalanced order separated by 2-3 weeks. Results indicated that although the torque produced during EMS was approximately 50% of VOL (P<0.05), there was no significant difference in the changes in TOI amplitude or TOI slope between EMS and VOL over the 50 contractions. However, the TOI amplitude divided by peak torque was approximately 50% lower for EMS than VOL (P<0.05), which indicates EMS was less efficient than VOL. This seems likely because of the difference in the muscles involved in the force production between conditions. Mean decrease in tHb amplitude during the contraction phases was significantly (P<0.05) greater for EMS than VOL from the 10th contraction onwards, suggesting that the muscle blood volume was lower in EMS than VOL. It is concluded that local oxygen demand of the biceps brachii sampled by NIRS is similar between VOL and EMS.

Empirical Investigation of Critical Transitions in Paleoclimate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Loskutov, E. M.; Mukhin, D.; Gavrilov, A.; Feigin, A.

2016-12-01

In this work we apply a new empirical method for the analysis of complex spatially distributed systems to the analysis of paleoclimate data. The method consists of two general parts: (i) revealing the optimal phase-space variables and (ii) construction the empirical prognostic model by observed time series. The method of phase space variables construction based on the data decomposition into nonlinear dynamical modes which was successfully applied to global SST field and allowed clearly separate time scales and reveal climate shift in the observed data interval [1]. The second part, the Bayesian approach to optimal evolution operator reconstruction by time series is based on representation of evolution operator in the form of nonlinear stochastic function represented by artificial neural networks [2,3]. In this work we are focused on the investigation of critical transitions - the abrupt changes in climate dynamics - in match longer time scale process. It is well known that there were number of critical transitions on different time scales in the past. In this work, we demonstrate the first results of applying our empirical methods to analysis of paleoclimate variability. In particular, we discuss the possibility of detecting, identifying and prediction such critical transitions by means of nonlinear empirical modeling using the paleoclimate record time series. The study is supported by Government of Russian Federation (agreement #14.Z50.31.0033 with the Institute of Applied Physics of RAS). 1. Mukhin, D., Gavrilov, A., Feigin, A., Loskutov, E., & Kurths, J. (2015). Principal nonlinear dynamical modes of climate variability. Scientific Reports, 5, 15510. http://doi.org/10.1038/srep155102. Ya. I. Molkov, D. N. Mukhin, E. M. Loskutov, A.M. Feigin, (2012) : Random dynamical models from time series. Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 85, n.3.3. Mukhin, D., Kondrashov, D., Loskutov, E., Gavrilov, A., Feigin, A., & Ghil, M. (2015). Predicting Critical Transitions in ENSO models. Part II: Spatially Dependent Models. Journal of Climate, 28(5), 1962-1976. http://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00240.1

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Goodwin, Andrew; Wang, Weiyu; Kang, Nam -Goo

We present in this paper the synthesis of poly(n-butyl acrylate)-g-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PnBA-g-PMMA) multigraft copolymers via a grafting-through (macromonomer) approach. The synthesis was performed using two controlled polymerization techniques. The PMMA macromonomer was obtained by high-vacuum anionic polymerization followed by the copolymerization of n-butyl acrylate and PMMA macromonomer using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization to yield the desired all-acrylic multigraft structures. The PnBA-g-PMMA multigraft structures exhibit randomly spaced branch points with various PMMA contents, ranging from 15 to 40 vol %, allowing an investigation into how physical properties vary with differences in the number of branch points and molecular weightmore » of grafted side chains. The determination of molecular weight and polydispersity indices of both the PMMA macromonomer and the graft copolymers was carried out using size exclusion chromatography with triple detection, and the structural characteristics of both the macromonomer and PnBA-g-PMMA graft materials were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was employed for monitoring the macromonomer synthesis. Thermal characteristics of the materials were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The mechanical performance of the graft materials was characterized by rheology and dynamic mechanical analysis, revealing that samples with PMMA content of 25–40 vol % exhibit superior elastomeric properties as compared to materials containing short PMMA side chains or <25 vol % PMMA. In conclusion, atomic force microscopy showed a varying degree of microphase separation between the glassy and rubbery components that is strongly dependent on PMMA side chain molecular weight.« less

Preconditioning of the YSZ-NiO Fuel Cell Anode in Hydrogenous Atmospheres Containing Water Vapor.

PubMed

Vasyliv, Bogdan; Podhurska, Viktoriya; Ostash, Orest

2017-12-01

The YSZ-NiO ceramics for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) anode have been investigated. A series of specimens were singly reduced in a hydrogenous atmosphere (Ar-5 vol% H 2 mixture) at 600 °C under the pressure of 0.15 MPa or subjected to 'reduction in the mixture-oxidation in air' (redox) cycling at 600 °C. The YSZ-Ni cermets formed in both treatment conditions were then aged in 'water vapor in Ar-5 vol% H 2 mixture' atmosphere at 600 °C under the pressure of 0.15 MPa. Additionally, the behaviour of the as-received material in this atmosphere was studied. It was revealed that small amount of water vapor in Ar-5 vol% H 2 mixture (water vapor pressure below 0.03 MPa) does not affect the reduction of the nickel phase in the YSZ-NiO ceramics, but causes some changes in the YSZ-Ni cermet structure. In particular, nanopore growth in tiny Ni particles takes place. At higher concentration of water vapor in the mixture (water vapor pressure above 0.03-0.05 MPa), converse changes in the kinetics of reduction occur. The best physical and mechanical properties were revealed for the material treated by redox cycling after holding at 600 °C in water depleted gas mixture. The dual effect of water vapor on nickel-zirconia anode behaviour is discussed basing on scanning electron microscopy analysis data, material electrical conductivity, and strength.

Quantum Chemical Study of Rare Gas/Halide Interactions as a Model for High Energy Density Material. 1. Transition Properties in HC1

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-11-01

separation of a stable, negatively charged exciplex such as (ClXe2)- and a self- trapped positive hole (STi) localized on a Xe+ (n = 2-3) molecule. The first...solid to form Xe + HO + 2hv -- Xe÷ (HCI)-, which quickly reacts with another Xe atom to form the more stable tri-atomic exciplex X407. This exciplex ...Transfer Reaction Dynamics in Rare Gas Solids. I. Photodynamics of Localized Xenon Chloride Exciplexes ." Journal of Chemical Physics. vol. 85, p. 5660

Legendre modified moments for Euler's constant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prévost, Marc

2008-10-01

Polynomial moments are often used for the computation of Gauss quadrature to stabilize the numerical calculation of the orthogonal polynomials, see [W. Gautschi, Computational aspects of orthogonal polynomials, in: P. Nevai (Ed.), Orthogonal Polynomials-Theory and Practice, NATO ASI Series, Series C: Mathematical and Physical Sciences, vol. 294. Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1990, pp. 181-216 [6]; W. Gautschi, On the sensitivity of orthogonal polynomials to perturbations in the moments, Numer. Math. 48(4) (1986) 369-382 [5]; W. Gautschi, On generating orthogonal polynomials, SIAM J. Sci. Statist. Comput. 3(3) (1982) 289-317 [4

7TH International Workshop on Laser Physics (LPHYS󈨦) Berlin, Germany July 6-10, 1998 Program and Book of Abstracts: Volume 2.

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-07-01

Russia)"Laser refractometry of biological media" Tuesday, July 7 Chairs: S. Gonchukov (Russia) and D. Sliney (USA) A. Priezzhev (Moscow, Russia) 11.00...application to the evaluation of blood flow. Optics and Laser Technology, Vol.23, No.4, p.205, 1991. LASER REFRACTOMETRY OF BIOLOGICAL MEDIA S.A. Gonchukov...measuring (fast-action). Refractometry is a classical technique. The sensitivity of traditional measuring is usually 10-4-10-7. That’s no bad. But

Model Studies of CBES Decomposition (FN3/BiF Chemical Laser)

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-10-01

Schatte G.; Willer, H . Chm. Be,. (43) Heidner. R. F.; Helvajian H .. Hoflaway. J. S.: Koffend. J. 8. BiF(A) 196 121, 555. Radiative Lifetimes and Rate...of Physical Chemistry, vol. 93, pp. 4790-4796, 1989. 3. R.H. Heidner, H . Helvajian , 3.S. Holloway, and 3.B. Koffend, "BiF(A) Radiative Lifetimes and...Hd [FN I + H k [NF(a)I 2 (3) dt 3 q q 6 where kd and kq are the dissociation and self-annihilation (quenching) rate constants, To is the barrier

Individual-Ion Addressing with Microwave Field Gradients

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-22

Block 13: Supplementary Note © 2013 . Published in Physical Review Letters, Vol. Ed. 0 110, (17) ( 2013 ), ( (17). DoD Components reserve a royalty...2012; published 22 April 2013 ) Individual-qubit addressing is a prerequisite for many instances of quantum information processing. We demonstrate this...to B0. We configure jBMWð0; y; 0Þj ’ 0 PRL 110, 173002 ( 2013 ) P HY S I CA L R EV I EW LE T T E R S week ending 26 APRIL 2013 0031-9007=13=110(17

Integration of Coastal Ocean Dynamics Application Radar (CODAR) and Short-Term Predictive System (STPS): Surface Current Estimates into the Search and Rescue Optimal Planning System (SAROPS)

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-11-01

walk (Markovian in position) techniques to perform these simulations ( Breivik et al, 2004; Spaulding and Howlett, 1996; Spaulding and Jayko, 1991; ASA...studies. Model 1 is used in most search and rescue models to make trajectory predictions ( Breivik et al, 2004; Spaulding and Howlett, 1996; Spaulding...ocean gyres: Part II hierarchy of stochastic models, Journal of Physical Oceanography, Vol. 32, 797-830. March 2002. Breivik , O., A. Allen, C. Wettre

Sb-Based n- and p-Channel Heterostructure FETs for High-Speed, Low-Power Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-07-01

Laboratory are presented. 2. InAlSb/InAs HEMTs The HEMT material was grown by solid-source molecu- lar beam epitaxy (MBE) on a semi-insulating (100) GaAs...and S.Y. Lin, “Strained quantum well modulation-doped InGaSb/AlGaSb struc- tures grown by molecular beam epitaxy ,” J. Electron. Mater., vol.22, no.3...where he majored in solid state physics and researched growth by molecular - beam epitaxy (MBE) of certain compound semiconductor ma- terials. Since

Search for inversion splitting in the 3ν2 band of phosphine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Okuda, Shoko; Sasada, Hiroyuki

2018-04-01

Sub-Doppler resolution spectroscopy of the 3ν2 band of phosphine has been carried out using a difference-frequency-generation source referenced to an optical frequency comb and a cavity-enhanced absorption cell. Three Q-branch transitions are recorded with a linewidth of 150 kHz, but no inversion splitting is observed even though it was predicted 300 kHz in Journal of Chemical Physics, vol. 145, art. No. 091102 (2016). Transition frequencies of six Q-branch transitions have been determined with an uncertainty of 6-16 kHz.

Five Year Plan for Fiscal Years 1992-1996

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-10-01

for the detection of line sig- nals in visual noise. JQ 1 ...o. Am. Vol 4, No. 12, pgs. 2342-2354. 4) Kersten , D. (1987) Statistical efficiency for...the detection of visual noise. Vision Res. Vol 27, No. 6 pgs. 1029-1040. 5) Legge, G. E., Kersten , D., Burgess, A. E. (1987) Contrast discrimination in...noise. J. Opt. Soc. Am. Vol 4, No. 2, pgs 391-404. 6) Kersten , D. (1984) Spatial summation in visual noise. Vision Res. Vol 24, No. 12, pgs. 1977

A Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Disturbance Cancellation to Meet the Requirements for Optical Payloads in Satellites

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-09-01

starting from the energy approach, but unfortunately the geometry assumed in their work does not apply to the hexapods available at the Satellite...harmonics multiple of 1Hz, which was the difference between the two frequencies. The two assigned frequencies were actually suppressed, but the energy ...Audio Processing, Vol. 3, No. 3, May 1995, pp. 217–222. [20] Li, D. and Salcudean, S. E., “Modeling, Simulation and Control of a Hidraulic Stewart Plat

Interagency Symposium on University Research in Transportation Noise (2nd) Held at North Carolina State University, Raleigh on June 5-7, 1974. Book of Proceedings, Volume 2

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-06-01

RESEARCH IN TRANSPORTATION NOISE (2ND), HELD AT NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY, RALEIGH, ON JUNE 5-7, 1974 BOOK OF PROCEEDINGS, VOLUME II NORTH... Research in Transportation Noise, Vol. II ?. Recipient𔃻. Accession No. 5. Report Dire June 5-7, 1974 6. 7. Aurhor(s> 8. Performing...Interagency Symposium on University Research in Transportation Noise was to continue to focus attention on university research in basic and applied

Applied Mathematicians and Naval Operators. Revised.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-03-01

sensor . They guided me into areas that few of the officers were aware of. 2.4. Hemibel Thinking. A complicated analysis that leads to a 2 percent increase...Editor, Journal of Documentation, Vol. 31, PP 226 No. 4. pages 298-501), Deceber 1975), AD A054 426 Ralston, J. N. and J. W. Mann,* " Temperatura end...Apr 78, AD A054 443 AD A058 542 PP 221 PP 231 Wainlad. Robert G.. "Superpower Navel Diplo nacy In the Wilson, De ond P., Jr., "Noval Projection

Cleveland-Akron Metropolitan and Three Rivers Watershed Area. Wastewater Management Survey Scope Study. Appendix V. Land Treatment. Phase I Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1973-08-01

Cincinnati, 1961. 12. Keeney, D. R. "Nitrates in Plants and Waters," Journal of Milk and Food Technology, October, 1970, Vol. 33, No. 10. 13. Kaser, P...nutrients; to supply calcium and sometimes magnesium; to increase the microbial ac- I tivity and improve soil structure and tilth. 9 The following... microbially converted to available inorganic forms (mineralization). This release of applied organic nutri- ents to available forms is a slow process; thus it

Robust Battery Fuel Gauge Algorithm Development, Part 3: State of Charge Tracking

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-19

X. Zhang, F. Sun, and J. Fan, “State-of-charge estimation of the lithium - ion battery using an adaptive extended kalman filter based on an improved...framework with ex- tended kalman filter for lithium - ion battery soc and capacity estimation,” Applied Energy, vol. 92, pp. 694–704, 2012. [16] X. Hu, F...Sun, and Y. Zou, “Estimation of state of charge of a lithium - ion battery pack for electric vehicles using an adaptive luenberger observer,” Energies

Strategic and Tactical Decision-Making Under Uncertainty

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-01-03

message passing algorithms. In recent work we applied this method to the problem of joint decoding of a low-density parity-check ( LDPC ) code and a partial...Joint Decoding of LDPC Codes and Partial-Response Channels." IEEE Transactions on Communications. Vol. 54, No. 7, 1149-1153, 2006. P. Pakzad and V...Michael I. Jordan PAGES U U U SAPR 20 19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (Include area code ) 510/642-3806 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8/98) Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18

Computer-Aided Design Package for Designers of Digital Optical Computers

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-07-01

Saul Levy, Chun Liew, Masoud Majidi , Donald Smith, and Thomas Stone Final Report for Grant #N00014-90-J-4018 Period Covered: 5/1/90 - 4/30/93 Miles...Logic Arrays," Applied Optics, 27, pp. 1651-1660, (May 1, 1988). [5] Murdocca, M. J., V. Gupta, and M. Majidi , "New Approaches to Digital Optical...Lanzl, F., H.-J. Preuss and G. Wiegelt, eds., Proc. SPIE, vol. 319, Garmisch, Bavaria, pp. 126-127, (1990). Murdocca, M. J., V. Gupta, and M. Majidi

Spectral Analysis of the Shuttle Glow. AIS Science Support

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-06-23

Prism (Total Internal Cylindrical Mirror Lens Reflection) Cylindrical Folding \\ Lens Plane Mirror -Cylindrical Slt Slit Mirror Fig. 7. Cron section...on Zerodur blanks, which width of the FOV to 0.14’ outward from the lens. have a coefficient of thermal expansion near zero. The width of the grating...oummambne toathe window of the iMag hunte~air. 3002. APPLIED OPTICS I VOL 3 .No, 16 / I June I02 68 Vacondry Minrror Prmr Mirror -luterence rlZters cm

Defense Acquisition Research Journal. Volume 24, Number 1, Issue 80, January 2017

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-01-01

call 703-960-6802 or 800-755-8805, or e-mail dauaa2@aol.com. ISSUE 80 JANUARY 2017 VOL. 24 NO. 1 1 We’re on the Web at: http://www.dau.mil...technical proposals, use white papers as an initial screen- ing process. The initial screening based solely on technical merit will help industry and...mda.mil) Dr. Thomas A . Mazzuchi is cha ir of the Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering in the School of Engineering and Applied

Vertical Ship Motion Study for Ambrose Entrance Channel, New York

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-01

channels, PIANC Bulletin 1971, Vol. 1, No. 7, 17-20. Hardy, T. A. 1993. The attenuation of spectral transformation of wind waves on a coral reef ...A80(12): 95 p. Hearn, C. J. 1999. Wave -breaking hydrodynamics within coral reef systems and the effect of changing relative sea level, Journal of...Values of cf applied for coral reefs range from 0.05 to 0.40 (Hardy 1993; Hearn 1999 and Lowe et al. 2005). CMS- Wave uses a default value of cf

Free Wake Analysis of Helicopter Rotor Blades in Hover Using a Finite Volume Technique

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-10-01

inboard, and root) which were replaced by a far wake model after four revolutions. Murman and Stremel 1121 calculated j two-dimensional unsteady wake...distributed to a fixed mesh, on which the velocities were calculated by a finite difference solution of Laplace’s equation. Stremel [131 applied this two...Analysis of a Hovering Rotor," Vertica, Vol. 6, No. 2, 1982. 12. Murman, E.M., and Stremel , P.M., "A Vortex Wake Capturing Method Po- tential Flow

Development Approaches Coupled with Verification and Validation Methodologies for Agent-Based Mission-Level Analytical Combat Simulations

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-03-01

When applying experience to new situations, the process is very similar. Faced with a new situation, a human generally looks for ways in which...find the best course of action, the human would compare current goals to those it faced in the previous experiences and choose the path that...154. Saperstein, Alvin (1995) “War and Chaos”. American Scientist, vol. 84. November-December 1995. pp. 548-557. 155. Sargent, Robert G . (1991

Integration of Computational Geometry, Finite Element, and Multibody System Algorithms for the Development of New Computational Methodology for High-Fidelity Vehicle Systems Modeling and Simulation. ADDENDUM

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-11-12

Dr. Paramsothy Jayakumar (586) 282-4896 Computational Dynamics Inc.   0    Name of Contractor Computational Dynamics Inc. (CDI) 1809...Dr. Paramsothy Jayakumar TARDEC Computational Dynamics Inc.   1    Project Summary This project aims at addressing and remedying the serious...Shabana, A.A., Jayakumar , P., and Letherwood, M., “Soil Models and Vehicle System Dynamics”, Applied Mechanics Reviews, Vol. 65(4), 2013, doi

A Survey of Probabilistic Methods for Dynamical Systems with Uncertain Parameters.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-05-01

J., "An Approach to the Theoretical Background of Statistical Energy Analysis Applied to Structural Vibration," Journ. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 69...1973, Sect. 8.3. 80. Lyon, R.H., " Statistical Energy Analysis of Dynamical Systems," M.I.T. Press, 1975. e) Late References added in Proofreading !! 81...Dowell, E.H., and Kubota, Y., "Asymptotic Modal Analysis and ’~ y C-" -165- Statistical Energy Analysis of Dynamical Systems," Journ. Appi. - Mech

Effect of Applied Current Density on Cavitation-Erosion Characteristics for Anodized Al Alloy.

PubMed

Lee, Seung-Jun; Kim, Seong-Jong

2018-02-01

Surface finishing is as important as selection of material to achieve durability. Surface finishing is a process to provide surface with the desired performance and features by applying external forces such as thermal energy or stress. This study investigated the optimum supply current density for preventing from cavitation damages by applying to an anodizing technique that artificially forms on the surface an oxide coating that has excellent mechanical characteristics, such as hardness, wear resistance. Result of hardness test, the greater hardness was associated with greater brittleness, resulting in deleterious characteristics. Consequently, under conditions such as the electrolyte concentration of 10 vol.%, the processing time of 40 min, the electrolyte temperature of 10 °C, and the current density of 20 mA/cm2 were considered to be the optimum anodizing conditions for improvement of durability in seawater.

The Brittle-Ductile Transition in Crystal and Bubble-bearing Magmas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Caricchi, L.; Pistone, M.; Cordonnier, B.; Tripoli, B.; Ulmer, P.; Reusser, E.; Marone, F.; Burlini, L.

2011-12-01

The strain response of magma is critically dependent upon its viscosity, the magnitude of the applied stress and the experimental time-scale. The brittle-ductile transition in pure silicate melts is expected for an applied stress approaching 108±0.5 Pa (Dingwell, 1997). However, magmas are mostly mixture of crystal and bubble-bearing silicate melts. To date, there are no data to constrain the ductile-brittle transition for three-phase magmas. Thus, we conducted consistent torsion experiments at high temperature (673-973 K) and high pressure (200 MPa), in the strain rate range 1*10-5-4*10-3 s-1, using a HT-HP internally-heated Paterson-type rock deformation apparatus. The samples are composed of hydrous haplogranitic glass, quartz crystals (24-65 vol%) and CO2-rich gas-pressurized bubbles (9-12 vol%). The applied strain rate was increased until brittle failure occurred; micro-fracturing and healing processes commonly occurred before sample macroscopic fracturing. The experimental results highlight a clear relationship between the effective viscosity of the three-phase magmas, strain rate, temperature and the onset of brittle-ductile behavior. Crystal- and bubble-free melts at high viscosity (1011-1011.6 Pa*s at 673 K) show brittle behavior in the strain rate range between 1*10-4 and 5*10-4 s-1. For comparable viscosities crystal and bubble-bearing magmas show a transition to brittle behavior at lower strain rates. Synchrotron-based 3D imaging of fractured samples, show the presence of fractures with an antithetic trend with respect to shear strain directions. The law found in this study expresses the transition from ductile to brittle behavior for real magmas and could significantly improve our understanding of the control of brittle processes on extrusion of high-viscosity magmas and degassing at silicic volcanoes.

Alcoholic beverage strength discrimination by taste may have an upper threshold.

PubMed

Lachenmeier, Dirk W; Kanteres, Fotis; Rehm, Jürgen

2014-09-01

Given the association between alcohol consumption and negative health consequences, there is a need for individuals to be aware of their consumption of ethanol, which requires knowledge of serving sizes and alcoholic strength. This study is one of the first to systematically investigate the ability to discriminate alcoholic strength by taste. Nine discrimination tests (total n = 413) according to International Standardization Organization (ISO) 4120 sensory analysis methodology "triangle test" were performed. A perceptible difference was found for vodka in orange juice (0.0 vs. 0.5% vol; 0 vs. 1% vol), pilsner and wheat beer (0.5 vs. 5% vol), and vodka in orange juice (5 vs. 10% vol, 20 vs. 30% vol, and 30 vs. 40% vol). The percentage of the population perceiving a difference between the beverages varied between 36 and 73%. Alcoholic strength (higher vs. lower) was correctly assigned in only 4 of the 7 trials at a significant level, with 30 to 66% of the trial groups assigning the correct strength. For the trials that included beverages above 40% vol (vodka unmixed, 40 vs. 50% vol and vodka in orange juice, 40 vs. 50% vol), testers could neither perceive a difference between the samples nor assign correct alcoholic strength. Discrimination of alcoholic strength by taste was possible to a limited degree in a window of intermediate alcoholic strengths, but not at higher concentrations. This result is especially relevant for drinkers of unlabeled, over-proof unrecorded alcoholic beverages who would potentially ingest more alcohol than if they were to ingest commercial alcohol. Our study provides strong evidence for the strict implementation and enforcement of labeling requirements for all alcoholic beverages to allow informed decision making by consumers. Copyright © 2014 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.

Effects of Ti and TiB2 Nanoparticulates on Room Temperature Mechanical Properties and In Vitro Degradation of Pure Mg

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meenashisundaram, Ganesh Kumar; Nai, Mui Hoon; Gupta, Manoj

Mg 1 vol.% Ti and Mg 1 vol.% TiB2 composites containing Ti (30-50 nm) and TiB2 ( 60 nm) nanoparticulates were successfully synthesized using disintegrated melt deposition technique followed by hot extrusion. In vitro degradation of synthesized pure magnesium and composites were assessed by immersion testing in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) + 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) solution for a maximum duration of 28 days. Determination of corrosion rates by weight loss technique reveals that after 28 days of immersion testing, Mg 1 vol.% Ti exhibited the best corrosion resistance followed by pure magnesium and finally by Mg 1 vol.% TiB2 composite. The room temperature mechanical properties of the synthesized composites were found to surpass those of pure magnesium. On tensile and compressive loading, substantial strengthening of pure magnesium was observed with 1 vol.% Ti addition whereas appreciable increase in tensile and compressive fracture strains of pure magnesium was observed with 1 vol.% TiB2 addition.

Waiting for 21-Lutetia "Rosetta" images as a final proof of structurizing force of inertia-gravity waves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kochemasov, Gennady G.

2010-05-01

The 100 km long flattened asteroid 21-Lutetia will be imaged by the "Rosetta' spacecraft in July 2010. Knowing that heavenly bodies are effectively structurized by warping inertia-gravity waves one might expect that Lutetia will not be an exclusion out of a row of bodies subjected to an action of these waves [1-9]. The elliptical keplerian orbits with periodically changing bodies' accelerations imply inertia-gravity forces applied to any body notwithstanding its size, mass, density, chemical composition, and physical state. These forces produce inertia-gravity waves having in rotating bodied standing character and four directions of propagation (orthogonal and diagonal). Interfering these waves produce in bodies three (five) kinds of tectonic blocks: uprising strongly and moderately (++, +), subsiding deeply and moderately (--, -), and neutral (0) where + and - are compensated. Lengths and amplitudes of warping waves form the harmonic sequence. The fundamental wave1 (long 2πR) makes ubiquitous tectonic dichotomy (two antipodean segments or hemispheres: one risen, another fallen). In small bodies this structurization is expressed in their convexo-concave shape: one hemisphere is bulged, another one pressed in. Bulging hemisphere is extended, pressed in hemisphere contracted. This wave shaping tends to transform a globular body into a tetrahedron - the essentially dichotomous simplest Plato's figure. In this polyhedron always there is an opposition of extension (a face) to contraction (a vertex). The first overtone wave2 (long πR) makes tectonic sectors, also risen and fallen, and regularly disposed on (and in) a globe. This regularity is expressed in an octahedron form. The octahedron (diamond) or its parts are often observed in shapes of small bodies with small gravities. Larger bodies with rather strong gravity tend to smooth polyhedron vertices and edges but a polyhedron structurization is always present inside their globes and is shown in their tectonics, geomorphology and geophysical fields. The shorter warping waves are also present but because of their comparatively small lengths and amplitudes they are not so important in distorting globes. The presented main harmonic row is complicated by superimposed individual waves lengths of which are inversely proportional to orbital frequencies: higher frequency - smaller wave, and, vice versa, lower frequency - larger wave. In the main asteroid belt the fundamental wave of the main sequence and the individual wave (also long 2πR) are in the strongest 1:1 resonance what prohibits an accretion of a real planet because of prevailing debris scattering. Thus, the Lutetia shape can support the main point of the wave planetology - «orbits make structures». [1] Kochemasov G.G. (1999) "Diamond" and "dumb-bells"-like shapes of celestial bodies induced by inertia-gravity waves // 30th Vernadsky-Brown microsymposium on comparative planetology, Abstracts, Moscow, Vernadsky Inst., 49-50. [2] -"- (1999) On convexo-concave shape of small celestial bodies // Asteroids, Comets, Meteors. Cornell Univ., July 26-30, 1999, Abstr. # 24.22. [3] -"- (2006) The wave planetology illustrated - I: dichotomy, sectoring // 44th Vernadsky-Brown microsymposium "Topics in Comparative Planetology", Oct. 9-11, 2006, Moscow, Vernadsky Inst., Abstr. m44_39, CD-ROM; [4] -"- (2006) Theorems of the wave planetology imprinted in small bodies // Geophys. Res. Abstracts, Vol. 8, EGU06-A-01098, CD-ROM. [5] -"- (2007) Plato's polyhedra in space // EPSC Abstracts, Vol. 2, EPSC2007-A-00014, 2007. [6] -"-(2007) Wave shaping of small saturnian satellites and wavy granulation of saturnian rings // Geophys. Res. Abstracts, Vol. 9, EGU2007-A-01594, CD-ROM. [7] -"- (2007) Plato's polyhedra as shapes of small satellites in the outer Solar system // New Concepts in Global Tectonics Newsletter, # 44, 43-45. [8] -"- (2008) Plato' polyhedra as shapes of small icy satellites // Geophys. Res. Abstracts, Vol. 10, EGU2008-A-01271, CD-ROM. [9] -"- (2008) A wave geometrization of small heavenly bodies // GRA, Vol. 10, EGU2008-A-01275, CD-ROM.

Monitoring of Three Case Studies of Creeping Landslides in Ecuador using L-band SAR Interferometry (InSAR)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mayorga Torres, T. M.; Mohseni Aref, M.

2015-12-01

Tannia Mayorga Torres1,21 Universidad Central del Ecuador. Faculty of Geology, Mining, Oil, and Environment 2 Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowship 2015-16 IntroductionLandslides lead to human and economic losses across the country, mainly in the winter season. On the other hand, satellite radar data has cost-effective benefits due to open-source software and free availability of data. With the purpose of establishing an early warning system of landslide-related surface deformation, three case studies were designed in the Coast, Sierra (Andean), and Oriente (jungle) regions. The objective of this work was to assess the capability of L-band InSAR to get phase information. For the calculation of the interferograms in Repeat Orbit Interferometry PACkage, the displacement was detected as the error and was corrected. The coherence images (Figure 1) determined that L-band is suitable for InSAR processing. Under this frame, as a first approach, the stacking DInSAR technique [1] was applied in the case studies [2]; however, due to lush vegetation and steep topography, it is necessary to apply advanced InSAR techniques [3]. The purpose of the research is to determine a pattern of data acquisition and successful results to understand the spatial and temporal ground movements associated with landslides. The further work consists of establishing landslide inventories to combine phases of SAR images to generate maps of surface deformation in Tumba-San Francisco and Guarumales to compare the results with ground-based measurements to determine the maps' accuracy. References[1] Sandwell D., Price E. (1998). Phase gradient approach to stacking interferograms. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 103, N. B12, pp. 30,183-30,204. [2] Mayorga T., Platzeck G. (2014). Using DInSAR as a tool to detect unstable terrain areas in an Andes region in Ecuador. NH3.5-Blue Poster B298, Vol. 16, EGU2014-16203. Austria. [3] Wasowski J., Bovenga F. (2014). Investigating landslides and unstable slopes with satellite Multi Temporal Interferometry: Current issues and future perspectives. Engineering Geology, Vol. 174, pp. 103-138.

Tactical Communications Network Modelling and Reliability Analysis: An Overview

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-11-01

Transactions on Reliability. Vol 31 (1982), pp 359-361. [62] B. N. Clark and C. L. Colbourn. "Unit Disk Graphs", Discrete Math ., Vol 86 (1990), pp 165-177. [63...C. L. Colbourn, "Network Resiliance". SIAM Journal of Algebra and Discrete Math . Vol 8. (1987), pp 404-409. [64] W. H. Debany, P. K. Varshney, and C...34Bibliography on Dominatinn in Graphs and Some Basic Definitions of Domination Parameters". Discrete Math .. Vol 86 (1990). pp 257-277. [76] C. L. Hwang. F. A

Index to Nuclear Safety. A technical progress review by chronology, permuted title, and author. Vol. 11, No. 1--Vol. 17, No. 6

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cottrell, W.B.; Klein, A.

1977-02-23

This index to Nuclear Safety covers articles in Nuclear Safety Vol. 11, No. 1 (Jan.-Feb. 1970), through Vol. 17, No. 6 (Nov.-Dec. 1976). The index includes a chronological list of articles (including abstract) followed by KWIC and Author Indexes. Nuclear Safety, a bimonthly technical progress review prepared by the Nuclear Safety Information Center, covers all safety aspects of nuclear power reactors and associated facilities. The index lists over 350 technical articles in the last six years of publication.

Selected Bibliography on Fiber-Reinforced Cement and Concrete. Supplement Number 4.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-08-01

Building Industry," L’Industria Italiana del Cemento , Vol 50, No. 12, Dec 1980, pp 1135-1144. 19. Bartos, P., "Pullout Failure of Fibres Embedded in Cement...Vol 43, No. 11, Nov 1977, pp 561-564. 21. Bassan, M., "Model of Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Concretes Under Impact Stresses," il Cemento , Vol 74, No...Pastes," il Cemento , Vol 75, No. 3, Jul-Sep 1978, pp 277-284. 210. Mills, R. H., "Age-Embrittlement of Glass-Reinforced Concrete Containing Blastfurance

Investigation of the effect of tablet surface area/volume on drug release from hydroxypropylmethylcellulose controlled-release matrix tablets.

PubMed

Reynolds, Thomas D; Mitchell, Shawn A; Balwinski, Karen M

2002-04-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of tablet surface area/volume (SA/Vol) on drug release from controlled-release matrix tablets containing hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC). Soluble drugs (promethazine HCl, diphenhydramine HCl, and propranolol HCl) were utilized in this study to give predominantly diffusion-controlled release. Drug release from HPMC matrix tablets with similar values of SA/Vol was comparable within the same tablet shape (i.e., flat-faced round tablets) and among different shapes (i.e., oval, round concave, flat-faced beveled-edge, and flat-faced round tablets). Tablets having the same surface area but different SA/Vol values did not result in similar drug release; tablets with larger SA/Vol values hadfaster release profiles. Utility of SA/Vol to affect drug release was demonstrated by changing drug doses, and altering tablet shape to adjust SA/Vol. When SA/Vol was held constant, similar release profiles were obtained with f2 metric values greater than 70. Thus, surface area/volume is one of the key variables in controlling drug release from HPMC matrix tablets. Proper use of this variable has practical application by formulators who may need to duplicate drug release profiles from tablets of different sizes and different shapes.

Relationship between pretreatment level of plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA, tumor burden, and metabolic activity in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ma, Brigette; King, Ann; Lo, Y.M. Dennis

Purpose: Plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA (pEBV DNA) is an important prognostic marker in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study tested the hypotheses that pEBV DNA reflects tumor burden and metabolic activity by evaluating its relationship with tumor volume and {sup 18}F-fluorodeoxyglucose ({sup 18}F-FDG) uptake in NPC. Methods and Materials: Pre-treatment pEBV DNA analysis, {sup 18}F-FDG positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan (PET-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head and neck were performed in 57 patients. Net volume (cm{sup 3}) of the primary tumor (T{sub vol}) and regional nodes (N{sub vol}) were quantified on MRI. {sup 18}F-FDG uptake was expressed asmore » the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV{sub max}) at the primary tumor (T{sub suv}) and regional nodes (N{sub suv}). Lesions with SUV{sub max} {>=} 2.5 were considered malignant. Relationship between SUV{sub max}, natural logarithm (log) of pEBV DNA, and square root (sq) of MRI volumes was analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. A linear regression model was constructed to test for any interaction between variables and disease stage. Results: Log-pEBV DNA showed significant correlation with sq-T{sub vol} (r = 0.393), sq-N{sub vol} (r = 0.452), total tumor volume (sq-Total{sub vol} = T{sub vol} + N{sub vol}, r = 0.554), T{sub suv} (r = 0.276), N{sub suv} (r = 0.434), and total SUV{sub max} (Total{sub suv} = T{sub suv} + N{sub suv}, r = 0.457). Likewise, sq-T{sub vol} was correlated to T{sub suv} (r 0.426), and sq-N{sub vol} with N{sub suv} (r = 0.651). Regression analysis showed that only log-pEBV DNA was significantly associated with sq-Total{sub vol} (p < 0.001; parameter estimate = 8.844; 95% confidence interval = 3.986-13.703), whereas Sq-T{sub vol} was significantly associated with T{sub suv} (p = 0.002; parameter estimate = 3.923; 95% confidence interval = 1.498-6.348). Conclusion: This study supports the hypothesis that cell-free plasma EBV DNA is a marker of tumor burden in EBV-related NPC.« less

The Influence of Phenocrysts on Magma Degassing in Rhyolitic Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

deGraffenried, R.; Larsen, J. F.; Lindoo, A. N.

2016-12-01

The kinetics of volatile exsolution and magma degassing control volcanic eruption styles, but the role of phenocrysts in the degassing process is poorly understood. The focus of this study is two series of decompression experiments examining how phenocrysts may or may not influence vesicle structures leading to permeability development and degassing in magmas with rhyolitic matrix melts. Powdered rhyolite obsidian (75 SiO2 wt. %; Mono Craters, CA) was seeded with 20 and 40 vol. % euhedral corundum crystals (350 μm) to approximate phenocrysts. Experiments were run using TZM (Ti-Zr-Mo alloy) vessels fitted with a water-cooled rapid quench top in a vertical Deltech furnace. Each run was held at 110 MPa and 900OC for 24 hours then decompressed continuously at a rate of 0.25 MPa/s to a final pressure (Pf) between 75 and 15 MPa. Permeability was measured using a bench-top permeameter constructed for the small experimental samples. Porosity was obtained from reflected light images using NIH Image J. The porosity of the samples increased from 11.0±1.7 to 73.3±3.1 vol % at Pf of 75 to 15 MPa for crystal free samples, 30.1±6.9 to 62.2±2.6 vol % at Pf of of 75 to 25 MPa for 20 vol % crystal samples, and 13.3±2.5 to 41.2±9.6 vol % at Pf of 75 to 50 MPa for 40 vol % crystal samples. The 20 vol % samples are impermeable up to at least 50 MPa Pf. The 40 vol % samples are impermeable up to 25 MPa Pf, with one sample having a measured Darcian permeability of -13.93±0.05 m2 at 25 MPa Pf. Comparatively, the crystal free samples were mostly impermeable up to 15 MPa, with one sample having a measured Darcian permeability of -14.41±0.04 m2 at 15 MPa Pf and 73.3 vol % porosity. Although preliminary, our permeable 40 vol % experiment suggests the phenocrysts help the samples develop permeability at a higher ending pressure and potentially lower porosity. Differences in the porosity curve as a function of pressure between the 20 and 40 vol % series indicate phenocrysts influence the vesicle structures in ascending magmas.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Plucknett, K.P.; Becher, P.F.; Waters, S.B.

TiC/Ni{sub 3}Al composites were prepared using a simple melt-infiltration process, performed at either 1300 or 1400 C, with the Ni{sub 3}Al content varied over the range of 8--25 vol%. Densities >96% of theoretical were obtained for all composites. Four-point flexure strengths at 22 C increased as the Ni{sub 3}Al content increased (i.e., {approximately}1,100 MPa at 20 vol% Ni{sub 3}Al), with the highest strengths being observed for composites processed at 1300 C, because of reduced TiC grain size. Strengths at elevated temperatures increased with test temperature, up to {approximately}1,000 C. As with the yielding behavior of the Ni{sub 3}Al alloy used,more » a maximum in composite strength ({approximately}1,350 MPa) versus temperature was observed; this occurred at 950 C, which is {approximately}300 C above the yield maximum for the alloy. Extensive plastic strain was achieved in the composites even at high loading rates at 1,135 C, and the yield stress was dependent on the applied loading rate.« less

Development of ethyl alcohol-precipitated silk sericin/polyvinyl alcohol scaffolds for accelerated healing of full-thickness wounds.

PubMed

Siritienthong, Tippawan; Ratanavaraporn, Juthamas; Aramwit, Pornanong

2012-12-15

Silk sericin has been recently reported for its advantageous biological properties to promote wound healing. In this study, we established that the ethyl alcohol (EtOH) could be used to precipitate sericin and form the stable sericin/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) scaffolds without the crosslinking. The sericin/PVA scaffolds were fabricated via freeze-drying and subsequently precipitating in various concentrations of EtOH. The EtOH-precipitated sericin/PVA scaffolds showed denser structure, higher compressive modulus, but lower water swelling ability than the non-precipitated scaffolds. Sericin could be released from the EtOH-precipitated sericin/PVA scaffolds in a sustained manner. After cultured with L929 mouse fibroblasts, the 70 vol% EtOH-precipitated sericin/PVA scaffolds showed the highest potential to promote cell proliferation. After applied to the full-thickness wounds of rats, the 70 vol% EtOH-precipitated sericin/PVA scaffolds showed significantly higher percentage of wound size reduction and higher extent of type III collagen formation and epithelialization, compared with the control scaffolds without sericin. The accelerated wound healing by the 70 vol% EtOH-precipitated sericin/PVA scaffolds was possibly due to (1) the bioactivity of sericin itself to promote wound healing, (2) the sustained release of precipitated sericin from the scaffolds, and (3) the activation and recruitment of wound healing-macrophages by sericin to the wounds. This finding suggested that the EtOH-precipitated sericin/PVA scaffolds were more effective for the wound healing, comparing with the EtOH-precipitated PVA scaffolds without sericin. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Active flow control for a NACA-0012 profile

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oualli, H.; Mekadem, M.; Boukrif, M.; Saad, S.; Bouabdallah, A.; Gad-El-Hak, M.

2015-11-01

Active flow control is applied on a NACA-0012 profile. The experiments are carried out in a wind tunnel, and flow visualizations are conducted using high-resolution visible-light and infrared cameras. Numerical LES finite-volume code is used to complement the physical experiments. The symmetric wing is clipped into two parts, and those parts extend and retract along the chord according to the same sinusoidal law we optimized last year for a circular/elliptical cylinder (B. Am. Phys. Soc., vol. 59, no. 20, p. 319, 2014). The Reynolds number varies in the range of 500-100,000, which is typical of UAVs and micro-UAVs. The nascent cavity resulting from the oscillatory motion of the profile segments is kept open allowing the passage of fluid between the intrados and extrados. The pulsatile motion is characterized by an amplitude and frequency, and the airfoil's angle of attack is changed in the range of 0-30 deg. For certain amplitude and frequency, the drag coefficient is increased over the uncontrolled case by a factor of 300. But when the cavity is covered to prevent the flow from passing through the cavity, the drag coefficient becomes negative, and significant thrust is produced. The results are promising to achieve rapid deceleration and acceleration of UAVs.

Statistical analysis of magnetically soft particles in magnetorheological elastomers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gundermann, T.; Cremer, P.; Löwen, H.; Menzel, A. M.; Odenbach, S.

2017-04-01

The physical properties of magnetorheological elastomers (MRE) are a complex issue and can be influenced and controlled in many ways, e.g. by applying a magnetic field, by external mechanical stimuli, or by an electric potential. In general, the response of MRE materials to these stimuli is crucially dependent on the distribution of the magnetic particles inside the elastomer. Specific knowledge of the interactions between particles or particle clusters is of high relevance for understanding the macroscopic rheological properties and provides an important input for theoretical calculations. In order to gain a better insight into the correlation between the macroscopic effects and microstructure and to generate a database for theoretical analysis, x-ray micro-computed tomography (X-μCT) investigations as a base for a statistical analysis of the particle configurations were carried out. Different MREs with quantities of 2-15 wt% (0.27-2.3 vol%) of iron powder and different allocations of the particles inside the matrix were prepared. The X-μCT results were edited by an image processing software regarding the geometrical properties of the particles with and without the influence of an external magnetic field. Pair correlation functions for the positions of the particles inside the elastomer were calculated to statistically characterize the distributions of the particles in the samples.

An evaluation of a combined scanning probe and optical microscope for lunar regolith studies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, S.; Pike, W. T.; Staufer, U.; Claus, D.; Rodenburg, J. M.

2011-12-01

The microscopic properties of the lunar regolith such as the shape, the surface texture and the size distribution are required for an understanding of both past surface processes and potential hazards for future human exploration [1]. To reveal the particle morphology at the sub micrometer scale, scanning-probe microscopy (SPM), first used on the 2008 Phoenix mission [1], is a proven approach; however, there are two main challenges for the measurement of lunar particles. Firstly, the SPM tip is liable to move particles during scanning, even when using the lower contact forces of the dynamic-mode imaging. Hence the particles need to be stabilised during imaging. Secondly, typically the AFM tip extends about 10 μm from its cantilever, so larger particles protruding more than this height above their substrates cannot be scanned completely. To immobilize particles and eliminate large particles during SPM scanning, micromachined Si substrates, which have been successfully applied in the Phoenix project for Mars investigation in 2008 [2], have been investigated for lunar analogue material. On these substrates micrometer pits are patterned and serve as traps to enhance the stability of the AFM scanning by grasping the particles. In addition, the diameter of pits can determine the size of dusts to be captured and reduce the adhesion for the larger dust and so eliminate the oversized particles. To extend the imaging range and assist in selecting scan areas for the SPM, we use a type of lensless optical imaging (LOM) which uses ptychographic diffractive imaging [3] to eliminate the restrictions and performance limitations of conventional focusing devices. As a reference, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which minimizes particle-probe interactions and has the advantage of an extended depth of field, is employed to image the same particle fields at resolutions covering both the SPM and LOM. By comparing the differences and the similarities between SEM and LOM images, the ability of LOM for illuminating the details about the lunar particles sample, is demonstrated. The analysis of SEM and SPM images of the same particles of JSC-LunarA analogue soil reveals the potential of the SPM to obtain reliable microscopic images of lunar dusts including detailed morphology with the help of the micromachined Si substrates. [1] J. D. Carpenter, O. Angerer, M. Durante, D. Linnarson, W. T. Pike, "Life Sciences Investigations for ESA's First Lunar Lander," Earth, Moon, and Planets, Vol.107, pp. 11-23, 2010. [2] S. Vijendran, H.Sykulska, and W. T. Pike, "AFM investigation of Martian soil simulant on micromachined Si substrates," Journal of Microscopy, Vol.227, pp.236-245, Sep. 2007. [3] J.M. Rodenburg, "Ptychography and related diffractive imaging techniques," Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics, Vol.150, pp. 87-184, 2008

Carbohydrate administration during a day of sustained aerobic activity improves vigilance, as assessed by a novel ambulatory monitoring device, and mood.

PubMed

Lieberman, Harris R; Falco, Christina M; Slade, Steven S

2002-07-01

The brain requires a continuous supply of glucose to function adequately. During aerobic exercise, peripheral glucose requirements increase and carbohydrate supplementation improves physical performance. The brain's utilization of glucose also increases during aerobic exercise. However, the effects of energy supplementation on cognitive function during sustained aerobic exercise are not well characterized. The effects of energy supplementation, as liquid carbohydrate, on cognitive function during sustained aerobic activity were examined. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, between-subjects design was used. Young, healthy men (n = 143) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups. The groups received either a 6% (by vol) carbohydrate (35.1 kJ/kg), 12% (by vol) carbohydrate (70.2 kJ/kg), or placebo beverage in 6 isovolumic doses, and all groups consumed 2 meals (3200 kJ). Over the 10-h study, the subjects performed physically demanding tasks, including a 19.3-km road march and two 4.8-km runs, interspersed with rest and other activities. Wrist-worn vigilance monitors, which emitted auditory stimuli (20/h) to which the subjects responded as rapidly as possible, and a standardized self-report mood questionnaire were used to assess cognitive function. Vigilance consistently improved with supplemental carbohydrates in a dose-related manner; the 12% carbohydrate group performed the best and the placebo group the worst (P < 0.001). Mood-questionnaire results corroborated the results from the monitors; the subjects who received carbohydrates reported less confusion (P = 0.040) and greater vigor (P = 0.025) than did those who received the placebo. Supplemental carbohydrate beverages enhance vigilance and mood during sustained physical activity and interspersed rest. In addition, ambulatory monitoring devices can continuously assess the effects of nutritional factors on cognition as individuals conduct their daily activities or participate in experiments.

Theoretical transport modeling of Ohmic cold pulse experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kinsey, J. E.; Waltz, R. E.; St. John, H. E.

1998-11-01

The response of several theory-based transport models in Ohmically heated tokamak discharges to rapid edge cooling due to trace impurity injection is studied. Results are presented for the Institute for Fusion Studies—Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (IFS/PPPL), gyro-Landau-fluid (GLF23), Multi-mode (MM), and the Itoh-Itoh-Fukuyama (IIF) transport models with an emphasis on results from the Texas Experimental Tokamak (TEXT) [K. W. Gentle, Nucl. Technol./Fusion 1, 479 (1981)]. It is found that critical gradient models containing a strong ion and electron temperature ratio dependence can exhibit behavior that is qualitatively consistent with experimental observation while depending solely on local parameters. The IFS/PPPL model yields the strongest response and demonstrates both rapid radial pulse propagation and a noticeable increase in the central electron temperature following a cold edge temperature pulse (amplitude reversal). Furthermore, the amplitude reversal effect is predicted to diminish with increasing electron density and auxiliary heating in agreement with experimental data. An Ohmic pulse heating effect due to rearrangement of the current profile is shown to contribute to the rise in the core electron temperature in TEXT, but not in the Joint European Tokamak (JET) [A. Tanga and the JET Team, in Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1986 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1987), Vol. 1, p. 65] and the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [R. J. Hawryluk, V. Arunsalam, M. G. Bell et al., in Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1986 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1987), Vol. 1, p. 51]. While this phenomenon is not necessarily a unique signature of a critical gradient, there is sufficient evidence suggesting that the apparent plasma response to edge cooling may not require any underlying nonlocal mechanism and may be explained within the context of the intrinsic properties of electrostatic drift wave-based models.

Runaway electron production in DIII-D killer pellet experiments, calculated with the CQL3D/KPRAD model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Harvey, R. W.; Chan, V. S.; Chiu, S. C.

2000-11-01

Runaway electrons are calculated to be produced during the rapid plasma cooling resulting from ''killer pellet'' injection experiments, in general agreement with observations in the DIII-D [J. L. Luxon , Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1986 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1987), Vol. I, p. 159] tokamak. The time-dependent dynamics of the kinetic runaway distributions are obtained with the CQL3D [R. W. Harvey and M. G. McCoy, ''The CQL3D Code,'' in Proceedings of the IAEA Technical Committee Meeting on Numerical Modeling, Montreal, 1992 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1992), p. 489] collisional Fokker--Planck code, including the effect ofmore » small and large angle collisions and stochastic magnetic field transport losses. The background density, temperature, and Z{sub eff} are evolved according to the KPRAD [D. G. Whyte and T. E. Evans , in Proceedings of the 24th European Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics, Berchtesgaden, Germany (European Physical Society, Petit-Lancy, 1997), Vol. 21A, p. 1137] deposition and radiation model of pellet--plasma interactions. Three distinct runway mechanisms are apparent: (1) prompt ''hot-tail runaways'' due to the residual hot electron tail remaining from the pre-cooling phase, (2) ''knock-on'' runaways produced by large-angle Coulomb collisions on existing high energy electrons, and (3) Dreicer ''drizzle'' runaway electrons due to diffusion of electrons up to the critical velocity for electron runaway. For electron densities below {approx}1x10{sup 15}cm{sup -3}, the hot-tail runaways dominate the early time evolution, and provide the seed population for late time knock-on runaway avalanche. For small enough stochastic magnetic field transport losses, the knock-on production of electrons balances the losses at late times. For losses due to radial magnetic field perturbations in excess of {approx}0.1% of the background field, i.e., {delta}B{sub r}/B{>=}0.001, the losses prevent late-time electron runaway.« less

Constrained Adaptive Beamforming for Improved Contrast in Breast Ultrasound

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-06-01

Medical Imaging 2007: Ultrasonic Imaging and Signal Processing Proceedings, vol. 6513, San Diego , CA, Feb. 18, 2007. 12. Guenther, D.A., Walker...Transactions on, vol. 6, pp. 185-192, 1987. [23] A. P. Schachat, R. P. Murphy, and A. Patz, Medical Retina, vol. 2, 1 ed. St. Louis: The C. V. Mosby

All-acrylic multigraft copolymers: Effect of side chain molecular weight and volume fraction on mechanical behavior

DOE PAGES

Goodwin, Andrew; Wang, Weiyu; Kang, Nam -Goo; ...

2015-08-21

We present in this paper the synthesis of poly(n-butyl acrylate)-g-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PnBA-g-PMMA) multigraft copolymers via a grafting-through (macromonomer) approach. The synthesis was performed using two controlled polymerization techniques. The PMMA macromonomer was obtained by high-vacuum anionic polymerization followed by the copolymerization of n-butyl acrylate and PMMA macromonomer using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization to yield the desired all-acrylic multigraft structures. The PnBA-g-PMMA multigraft structures exhibit randomly spaced branch points with various PMMA contents, ranging from 15 to 40 vol %, allowing an investigation into how physical properties vary with differences in the number of branch points and molecular weightmore » of grafted side chains. The determination of molecular weight and polydispersity indices of both the PMMA macromonomer and the graft copolymers was carried out using size exclusion chromatography with triple detection, and the structural characteristics of both the macromonomer and PnBA-g-PMMA graft materials were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was employed for monitoring the macromonomer synthesis. Thermal characteristics of the materials were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The mechanical performance of the graft materials was characterized by rheology and dynamic mechanical analysis, revealing that samples with PMMA content of 25–40 vol % exhibit superior elastomeric properties as compared to materials containing short PMMA side chains or <25 vol % PMMA. In conclusion, atomic force microscopy showed a varying degree of microphase separation between the glassy and rubbery components that is strongly dependent on PMMA side chain molecular weight.« less

Ionic electroactive hybrid transducers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akle, Barbar J.; Bennett, Matthew D.; Leo, Donald J.

2005-05-01

Ionic electroactive actuators have received considerable attention in the past ten years. Ionic electroactive polymers, sometimes referred to as artificial muscles, have the ability to generate large bending strain and moderate stress at low applied voltages. Typical types of ionic electroactive polymer transducers include ionic polymers, conducting polymers, and carbon nanotubes. Preliminary research combining multiple types of materials proved to enhance certain transduction properties such as speed of response, maximum strain, or quasi-static actuation. Recently it was demonstrated that ionomer-ionic liquid transducers can operate in air for long periods of time (>250,000 cycles) and showed potential to reduce or eliminate the back-relaxation issue associated with ionomeric polymers. In addition, ionic liquids have higher electrical stability window than those operated with water as the solvent thereby increasing the maximum strain that the actuator can produce. In this work, a new technique developed for plating metal particulates on the surface of ionomeric materials is applied to the development of hybrid transducers that incorporate carbon nanotubes and conducting polymers as electrode materials. The new plating technique, named the direct assembly process, consists of mixing a conducting powder with an ionomer solution. This technique has demonstrated improved response time and strain output as compared to previous methods. Furthermore, the direct assembly process is less costly to implement than traditional impregnation-reduction methods due to less dependence on reducing agents, it requires less time, and is easier to implement than other processes. Electrodes applied using this new technique of mixing RuO2 (surface area 45~65m2/g) particles and Nafion dispersion provided 5x the displacement and 10x the force compared to a transducer made with conventional methods. Furthermore, the study illustrated that the response speed of the transducer is optimized by varying the vol% of metal in the electrode. For RuO2, the optimal loading was approximately 45%. This study shows that carbon nanotubes electrodes have an optimal performance at loadings around 30 vol%, while PANI electrodes are optimized at 95 vol%. Due to low percolation threshold, carbon nanotubes actuators perform better at lower loading than other conducting powders. The addition of nanotubes to the electrode tends to increase both the strain rate and the maximum strain of the hybrid actuator. SWNT/RuO2 hybrid transducer has a strain rate of 2.5%/sec, and a maximum attainable peak-to-peak strain of 9.38% (+/- 2V). SWNT/PANI hybrid also increased both strain and strain rate but not as significant as with RuO2. PANI/RuO2 actuator had an overwhelming back relaxation.

Comparisons between stellar models and reliability of the theoretical models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lebreton, Yveline; Montalbán, Josefina

2010-07-01

The high quality of the asteroseismic data provided by space missions such as CoRoT (Michel et al. in The CoRoT Mission, ESA Spec. Publ. vol. 1306, p. 39, 2006) or expected from new operating missions such as Kepler (Christensen-Dalsgaard et al. in Commun. Asteroseismol. 150:350, 2007) requires the capacity of stellar evolution codes to provide accurate models whose numerical precision is better than the expected observational errors (i.e. below 0.1 μHz on the frequencies in the case of CoRoT). We present a review of some thorough comparisons of stellar models produced by different evolution codes, involved in the CoRoT/ESTA activities (Monteiro in Evolution and Seismic Tools for Stellar Astrophysics, 2009). We examine the numerical aspects of the computations as well as the effects of different implementations of the same physics on the global quantities, physical structure and oscillations properties of the stellar models. We also discuss a few aspects of the input physics.

End-tidal concentration of sevoflurane for preventing rocuronium-induced withdrawal of the arm in pediatric patients.

PubMed

Yeom, Jong Hoon; Kim, Yong Oh; Lee, Jae Min; Jeon, Woo Jae

2014-04-01

During induction of general anesthesia, the intravenous injection of rocuronium is often associated with withdrawal movement of the arm due to pain, and this abrupt withdrawal may result in dislodgement of the venous catheter, injury, or inadequate injection of rocuronium. We performed this study to evaluate the 50 and 95% effective end-tidal concentrations of sevoflurane (ETsev) for preventing rocuronium-induced withdrawal of the arm. We conducted a prospective double-blind study in 31 pediatric patients. After free flow of lactated Ringer's IV fluid was confirmed, anesthesia was induced in the patients by using 2.5% thiopental sodium (4 mg/kg) and sevoflurane (4 vol%) with 6 L/min of oxygen. When the target ETsev was reached, preservative-free 1% lidocaine (1.5 mg/kg) was intravenously injected during manual venous occlusion and rocuronium (0.6 mg/kg) was injected after lidocaine injection under free-flow intravenous fluid. A nurse who was an investigator and was blinded to the ETsev injected the rocuronium. The nurse evaluated the response. Non-withdrawal movement was observed in 5 out of 11 patients with ETsev 3.0 vol% and in 5 out of 6 patients with ETsev 3.5 vol%. By Dixon's up-and-down method, the 50% effective concentration (EC50) of sevoflurane for non-withdrawal movement at rocuronium injection was 3.1 ± 0.4 vol%. A logistic regression curve of the probability of non-withdrawal movements showed that the 50% effective ETsev for abolishing withdrawal movement at rocuronium injection was 2.9 vol% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4-3.8 vol%) and the 95% effective ETsev was 4.3 vol% (95% CI 3.6-9.8 vol%). This study showed that the 50 and 95% effective ETsev that prevent withdrawal movement at rocuronium injection are 2.9 and 4.3 vol%, respectively.

Oxygen requirements for formation and activity of the squalene expoxidase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jahnke, L.; Klein, H. P.

1983-01-01

The effect of oxygen on squalene epoxidase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated. In cells grown in standing cultures, the epoxidase was localized mainly in the 'mitochondrial' fraction. Upon aeration, enzyme activity increased and the newly formed enzyme was associated with the 'microsomal' fraction. At 0.03 percent (vol/vol) oxygen, epoxidase levels doubled, whereas the ergosterol level was only slightly increased. Cycloheximide inhibited the increase in epoxidase under these conditions. An apparent K sub m for oxygen of 0.38 percent (vol/vol) was determined from a crude particulate preparation for the epoxidase.

Perils in distinguishing phreatic from phreatomagmatic ash; insights into the eruption mechanisms of the 6 August 2012 Mt. Tongariro eruption, New Zealand

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pardo, Natalia; Cronin, Shane J.; Németh, Károly; Brenna, Marco; Schipper, C. Ian; Breard, Eric; White, James D. L.; Procter, Jonathan; Stewart, Bob; Agustín-Flores, Javier; Moebis, Anja; Zernack, Anke; Kereszturi, Gábor; Lube, Gert; Auer, Andreas; Neall, Vince; Wallace, Clel

2014-10-01

The weak geophysical precursors of the 6 August 2012 Te Maari eruption of Mt. Tongariro and a lack of obvious juvenile components in its proximal ballistic deposits imply that the eruption was caused by the sudden decompression of a sealed, hot hydrothermal system. Strong magmatic signals in pre- and post-eruption gas emissions indicate that fresh magma had intruded to shallow levels shortly before this eruption. Here we examine the volcanic ash produced during the August eruption with the aim of determining whether juvenile magma was erupted or not. The widely applied criteria for identifying fresh juvenile pyroclasts provided inconclusive results. The Te Maari ash sorting and trend towards a unimodal grain-size distribution increase with distance along the dispersal axis. Proximal to intermediate sites showing polymodal grain-size distributions can be related to the re-fragmentation of different pre-existing lithologies, overlapped erupted pulses and transport mechanisms, and to particle aggregation. Between 69 and 100 vol.% of particles coarser than 3 ϕ and 45-75 vol.% of grains finer than 3 ϕ were sourced from the pre-existing, commonly hydrothermally altered, vent-area lavas and pyroclasts. Free crystals (pyroxene > plagioclase > magnetite > pyrite) make up 0-23 vol.% of particles coarser than 3 ϕ, and 22-41 vol.% of grains finer than 3 ϕ. Brown to black fragments of fresh glass are a small (1-15 vol.%), but notable, component. Under SEM, these blocky, glassy particles are poorly vesicular, and irregularly shaped, some with fluidal or bubble-wall surfaces, and others with fragmented stepped surfaces and fine adhering ash. In thin section, they contain variable amounts of microlites within an isotropic groundmass. The range in silica content of the microprobe-analysed glass is very wide (56-77 wt.%) and cannot be correlated to any specific particle textural type. These chemically and texturally diverse glassy fragments are identical to mechanically broken pieces of country rock lavas and pyroclasts; both their diversity, and their match with vent country rocks, argue strongly against a "juvenile" origin for the glassy fragments. We conclude that rising magma provided only heat and gas into the overlying, sealed vapour-dominated hydrothermal system. A landslide from this area led to a rapid decompression and ash was produced by top-down hydrothermal explosions. Careful attention must be paid to the combination of compositions and textures of fine ash particles in such situations, as well as to the context of their source vent, in order to be confident that new magma has reached the surface.

Constructing the reduced dynamical models of interannual climate variability from spatial-distributed time series

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mukhin, Dmitry; Gavrilov, Andrey; Loskutov, Evgeny; Feigin, Alexander

2016-04-01

We suggest a method for empirical forecast of climate dynamics basing on the reconstruction of reduced dynamical models in a form of random dynamical systems [1,2] derived from observational time series. The construction of proper embedding - the set of variables determining the phase space the model works in - is no doubt the most important step in such a modeling, but this task is non-trivial due to huge dimension of time series of typical climatic fields. Actually, an appropriate expansion of observational time series is needed yielding the number of principal components considered as phase variables, which are to be efficient for the construction of low-dimensional evolution operator. We emphasize two main features the reduced models should have for capturing the main dynamical properties of the system: (i) taking into account time-lagged teleconnections in the atmosphere-ocean system and (ii) reflecting the nonlinear nature of these teleconnections. In accordance to these principles, in this report we present the methodology which includes the combination of a new way for the construction of an embedding by the spatio-temporal data expansion and nonlinear model construction on the basis of artificial neural networks. The methodology is aplied to NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data including fields of sea level pressure, geopotential height, and wind speed, covering Northern Hemisphere. Its efficiency for the interannual forecast of various climate phenomena including ENSO, PDO, NAO and strong blocking event condition over the mid latitudes, is demonstrated. Also, we investigate the ability of the models to reproduce and predict the evolution of qualitative features of the dynamics, such as spectral peaks, critical transitions and statistics of extremes. This research was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation (Agreement No. 14.Z50.31.0033 with the Institute of Applied Physics RAS) [1] Y. I. Molkov, E. M. Loskutov, D. N. Mukhin, and A. M. Feigin, "Random dynamical models from time series," Phys. Rev. E, vol. 85, no. 3, p. 036216, 2012. [2] D. Mukhin, D. Kondrashov, E. Loskutov, A. Gavrilov, A. Feigin, and M. Ghil, "Predicting Critical Transitions in ENSO models. Part II: Spatially Dependent Models," J. Clim., vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 1962-1976, 2015.

PF Documents-PFDS/HDSC/OWP

Science.gov Websites

Link Title Release Year Latest Revision NOAA Atlas 2 Vol 1 Precipitation-Frequency Atlas of the Western United States, Montana 1973 1973 NOAA Atlas 2 Vol 2 Precipitation-Frequency Atlas of the Western United States, Wyoming 1973 2006 NOAA Atlas 2 Vol 5 Precipitation-Frequency Atlas of the Western United States

Residuals-Based Subgraph Detection with Cue Vertices

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-11-30

Workshop, 2012, pp. 129–132. [5] M. E. J. Newman , “Finding community structure in networks using the eigenvectors of matrices,” Phys. Rev. E, vol. 74, no...from Data, vol. 1, no. 1, 2007. [7] M. W. Mahoney , L. Orecchia, and N. K. Vishnoi, “A spectral algorithm for improving graph partitions,” CoRR, vol. abs

The Impetus Behind the Creation of the United States Naval Reserve

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-06-17

oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/Jefferson0136/Works/ Vol10 /0054-10_Pt04_1805.html; Internet; accessed 21 February, 2005. 17Henry Adams, History of the United...Vol. 10 (1803 – 1807). [book on-line] available from http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/Jefferson0136/Works/ Vol10 /0054- 10_Pt04_1805.html. Internet

Evaluation of Gene Modification Strategies for the Development of Low-Alcohol-Wine Yeasts

PubMed Central

Kutyna, D. R.; Solomon, M. R.; Black, C. A.; Borneman, A.; Henschke, P. A.; Pretorius, I. S.; Chambers, P. J.

2012-01-01

Saccharomyces cerevisiae has evolved a highly efficient strategy for energy generation which maximizes ATP energy production from sugar. This adaptation enables efficient energy generation under anaerobic conditions and limits competition from other microorganisms by producing toxic metabolites, such as ethanol and CO2. Yeast fermentative and flavor capacity forms the biotechnological basis of a wide range of alcohol-containing beverages. Largely as a result of consumer demand for improved flavor, the alcohol content of some beverages like wine has increased. However, a global trend has recently emerged toward lowering the ethanol content of alcoholic beverages. One option for decreasing ethanol concentration is to use yeast strains able to divert some carbon away from ethanol production. In the case of wine, we have generated and evaluated a large number of gene modifications that were predicted, or known, to impact ethanol formation. Using the same yeast genetic background, 41 modifications were assessed. Enhancing glycerol production by increasing expression of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene, GPD1, was the most efficient strategy to lower ethanol concentration. However, additional modifications were needed to avoid negatively affecting wine quality. Two strains carrying several stable, chromosomally integrated modifications showed significantly lower ethanol production in fermenting grape juice. Strain AWRI2531 was able to decrease ethanol concentrations from 15.6% (vol/vol) to 13.2% (vol/vol), whereas AWRI2532 lowered ethanol content from 15.6% (vol/vol) to 12% (vol/vol) in both Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon juices. Both strains, however, produced high concentrations of acetaldehyde and acetoin, which negatively affect wine flavor. Further modifications of these strains allowed reduction of these metabolites. PMID:22729542

Comparison in muscle damage between maximal voluntary and electrically evoked isometric contractions of the elbow flexors.

PubMed

Jubeau, Marc; Muthalib, Makii; Millet, Guillaume Y; Maffiuletti, Nicola A; Nosaka, Kazunori

2012-02-01

This study compared between maximal voluntary (VOL) and electrically stimulated (ES) isometric contractions of the elbow flexors for changes in indirect markers of muscle damage to investigate whether ES would induce greater muscle damage than VOL. Twelve non-resistance-trained men (23-39 years) performed VOL with one arm and ES with the contralateral arm separated by 2 weeks in a randomised, counterbalanced order. Both VOL and ES (frequency 75 Hz, pulse duration 250 μs, maximally tolerated intensity) exercises consisted of 50 maximal isometric contractions (4-s on, 15-s off) of the elbow flexors at a long muscle length (160°). Changes in maximal voluntary isometric contraction torque (MVC), range of motion, muscle soreness, pressure pain threshold and serum creatine kinase (CK) activity were measured before, immediately after and 1, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h following exercise. The average peak torque over the 50 isometric contractions was greater (P < 0.05) for VOL (32.9 ± 9.8 N m) than ES (16.9 ± 6.3 N m). MVC decreased greater and recovered slower (P < 0.05) after ES (15% lower than baseline at 96 h) than VOL (full recovery). Serum CK activity increased (P < 0.05) only after ES, and the muscles became more sore and tender after ES than VOL (P < 0.05). These results showed that ES induced greater muscle damage than VOL despite the lower torque output during ES. It seems likely that higher mechanical stress imposed on the activated muscle fibres, due to the specificity of motor unit recruitment in ES, resulted in greater muscle damage.

Transformational dynamics of BZO and BHO nanorods imposed by Y2O3 nanoparticles for improved isotropic pinning in YBa2Cu3O7 -δ thin films

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gautam, Bibek; Sebastian, Mary Ann; Chen, Shihong; Shi, Jack; Haugan, Timothy; Xing, Zhongwen; Zhang, Wenrui; Huang, Jijie; Wang, Haiyan; Osofsky, Mike; Prestigiacomo, Joseph; Wu, Judy Z.

2017-07-01

An elastic strain model was applied to evaluate the rigidity of the c-axis aligned one-dimensional artificial pinning centers (1D-APCs) in YBa2Cu3O7-δ matrix films. Higher rigidity was predicted for BaZrO3 1D-APCs than that of the BaHfO3 1D-APCs. This suggests a secondary APC doping of Y2O3 in the 1D-APC/YBa2Cu3O7-δ nanocomposite films would generate a stronger perturbation to the c-axis alignment of the BaHfO3 1D-APCs and therefore a more isotropic magnetic vortex pinning landscape. In order to experimentally confirm this, we have made a comparative study of the critical current density Jc (H, θ, T) of 2 vol.% BaZrO3 + 3 vol.%Y2O3 and 2 vol.%BaHfO3 + 3 vol.%Y2O3 double-doped (DD) YBa2Cu3O7-δ films deposited at their optimal growth conditions. A much enhanced isotropic pinning was observed in the BaHfO3 DD samples. For example, at 65 K and 9.0 T, the variation of the Jc across the entire θ range from θ=0 (H//c) to θ=90 degree (H//ab) is less than 18% for BaHfO3 DD films, in contrast to about 100% for the BaZrO3 DD counterpart. In addition, lower α values from the Jc(H) ˜ H-α fitting were observed in the BaHfO3 DD films in a large θ range away from the H//c-axis. Since the two samples have comparable Jc values at H//c-axis, the improved isotropic pinning in BaHfO3 DD films confirms the theoretically predicted higher tunability of the BaHfO3 1D-APCs in APC/YBa2Cu3O7-δ nanocomposite films.

Oxygen isotopes as a tool to quantify reservoir-scale CO2 pore-space saturation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Serno, Sascha; Flude, Stephanie; Johnson, Gareth; Mayer, Bernard; Boyce, Adrian; Karolyte, Ruta; Haszeldine, Stuart; Gilfillan, Stuart

2017-04-01

Structural and residual trapping of carbon dioxide (CO2) are two key mechanisms of secure CO2 storage, an essential component of Carbon Capture and Storage technology [1]. Estimating the amount of CO2 that is trapped by these two mechanisms is a vital requirement for accurately assessing the secure CO2 storage capacity of a formation, but remains a key challenge. Recent field [2,3] and laboratory experiment studies [4] have shown that simple and relatively inexpensive measurements of oxygen isotope ratios in both the injected CO2 and produced water can provide an assessment of the amount of CO2 that is stored by these processes. These oxygen isotope assessments on samples obtained from observation wells provide results which are comparable to other geophysical techniques. In this presentation, based on the first comprehensive review of oxygen isotope ratios measured in reservoir waters and CO2 from global CO2 injection projects, we will outline the advantages and potential limitations of using oxygen isotopes to quantify CO2 pore-space saturation. We will further summarise the currently available information on the oxygen isotope composition of captured CO2. Finally, we identify the potential issues in the use of the oxygen isotope shifts in the reservoir water from baseline conditions to estimate accurate saturations of the pore space with CO2, and suggest how these issues can be reduced or avoided to provide reliable CO2 pore-space saturations on a reservoir scale in future field experiments. References [1] Scott et al., (2013) Nature Climate Change, Vol. 3, 105-111 doi:10.1038/nclimate1695 [2] Johnson et al., (2011) Chemical Geology, Vol. 283, 185-193 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2016.06.019 [3] Serno et al., (2016) IJGGC, Vol. 52, 73-83 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2016.06.019 [4] Johnson et al., (2011) Applied Geochemistry, Vol. 26 (7) 1184-1191 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.04.007

Determination of three-dimensional stress orientations in the Wenchuan earthquake Fault Scientific Drilling (WFSD) hole-1: A preliminary result by anelastic strain recovery measurements of core samples

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cui, J.; Lin, W.; Wang, L.; Tang, Z.; Sun, D.; Gao, L.; Wang, W.

2010-12-01

A great and destructive earthquake (Ms 8.0; Mw 7.9), Wunchuan earthquake struck on the Longmen Shan foreland trust zone in Sichuan province, China on 12 May 2008 (Xu et al., 2008; Episodes, Vol.31, pp.291-301). As a rapid response scientific drilling project, Wenchuan earthquake Fault Scientific Drilling (WFSD) started on 6 November 2008 shorter than a half of year from the date of earthquake main shock. The first pilot borehole (hole-1) has been drilled to the target depth (measured depth 1201 m MD, vertical depth 1179 m) at Hongkou, Dujianyan, Sichuan and passed through the main fault of the earthquake around 589 m MD. We are trying to determine three dimensional in-situ stress states in the WFSD boreholes by a core-based method, anelastic strain recovery (ASR) method (Lin et al., 2006; Tectonophysics, Vol4.26, pp.221-238). This method has been applied in several scientific drilling projects (TCDP: Lin et al., 2007; TAO, Vol.18, pp.379-393; NanTtoSEIZE: Byrne et al., 2009; GRL, Vol.36, L23310). These applications confirm the validity of using the ASR technique in determining in situ stresses by using drilled cores. We collected total 15 core samples in a depth range from 340 m MD to 1180 m MD, approximately for ASR measurements. Anelastic normal strains, measured every ten minutes in nine directions, including six independent directions, were used to calculate the anelastic strain tensors. The data of the ASR tests conducted at hole-1 is still undergoing analysis. As a tentative perspective, more than 10 core samples showed coherent strain recovery over one - two weeks. However, 2 or 3 core samples cannot be re-orientated to the global system. It means that we cannot rink the stress orientation determined by the core samples to geological structure. Unfortunately, a few core samples showed irregular strain recovery and were not analyzed further. The preliminary results of ASR tests at hole-1 show the stress orientations and stress regime changes a lot with the depth.

Generalized Kubo formulas for the transport properties of incommensurate 2D atomic heterostructures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cancès, Eric; Cazeaux, Paul; Luskin, Mitchell

2017-06-01

We give an exact formulation for the transport coefficients of incommensurate two-dimensional atomic multilayer systems in the tight-binding approximation. This formulation is based upon the C* algebra framework introduced by Bellissard and collaborators [Coherent and Dissipative Transport in Aperiodic Solids, Lecture Notes in Physics (Springer, 2003), Vol. 597, pp. 413-486 and J. Math. Phys. 35(10), 5373-5451 (1994)] to study aperiodic solids (disordered crystals, quasicrystals, and amorphous materials), notably in the presence of magnetic fields (quantum Hall effect). We also present numerical approximations and test our methods on a one-dimensional incommensurate bilayer system.

The Processing and Mechanical Properties of High Temperature/High Performance Composites. Book 7. In-Situ Measurements of Stress and Damage

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-04-01

Physics, Vol.72, No.12, 1992, pp.5535-5538. (12] Ragan, D.R., Gustavsen, R., and Schiferl , D., "Calibration of the Ruby R2 and R2 Fluorescence Shifts... Schiferl , D., "Pressure and Temperature Dependence of Laser-Induced Fluorescence of Sm:YAG to 100 kbar and 7000 C and an Empirical Model," Journal of...1964). IS. H. D’Amour. D. Schiferl , W. Denner, H. Schulz and 20. J. W. McCauley and G. V. Gibbs. Z. Knistallogr. 135, W, B. Holzapfel, J. appl. Phys. 49

Proceedings of the NATO-Advanced Study Institute on Computer Aided Analysis of Rigid and Flexible Mechanical Systems Held in Troia, Portugal on 27 Jun-9 Jul, 1993. Volume 2. Contributed Papers

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-07-09

Calculate Oil and solve iteratively equation (18) for q and (l)-(S) forex . 4, Solve the velocity problemn through equation (19) to calculate q and (6)-(10) to...object.oriented models for the database to store the system information f1l. Using OOP on the formalism level is more difficult and a current field of...Multidimensional Physical Systems: Graph-theoretic Modeling, Systems and Cybernetics, vol 21 (1992), 5 .9-71 JV A RELATIONAL DATABASE FOR GENERAL

Changes in particle transport as a result of resonant magnetic perturbations in DIII-D (vol 19, 056503, 2012)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mordijck, S.; Doyle, E. J.; McKee, G. R.

2012-01-01

Publisher s Note: Changes in particle transport as a result of resonant magnetic perturbations in DIII-D [Phys. Plasmas 19, 056503 (2012)]a) In the Invited Papers from the 53rd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics of the May 2012 issue of the journal, this article was originally published online and in print in the incorrect section; it was published within Ionospheric, Solar-System and Astrophysical Plasmas (Sec. 65) instead of Magnetically Confined Plasmas, Heating, Confinement (Sec. 61). AIP apologizes for this error. a)

Concentration measurements of biodiesel in engine oil and in diesel fuel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mäder, A.; Eskiner, M.; Burger, C.; Ruck, W.; Rossner, M.; Krahl, J.

2012-05-01

This work comprised a method for concentration measurements of biodiesel in engine oil as well as biodiesel in diesel fuel by a measurement of the permittivity of the mixture at a frequency range from 100 Hz to 20 kHz. For this purpose a special designed measurement cell with high sensitivity was designed. The results for the concentration measurements of biodiesel in the engine oil and diesel fuel shows linearity to the measurement cell signal for the concentration of biodiesel in the engine oil between 0.5% Vol. to 10% Vol. and for biodiesel in the diesel fuel between 0% Vol. to 100% Vol. The method to measure the concentration of biodiesel in the engine oil or the concentration of biodiesel in the diesel fuel is very accurate and low concentration of about 0.5% Vol. biodiesel in engine oil or in diesel fuel can be measured with high accuracy.

Ultrasonic/Sonic Mechanisms for Drilling and Coring

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bar-Cohen, Yoseph; Sherrit, Stewart; Dolgin, Benjamin; Askin, Steve; Peterson, Thomas M.; Bell, Bill; Kroh, Jason; Pal, Dharmendra; Krahe, Ron; Du, Shu

2003-01-01

Two apparatuses now under development are intended to perform a variety of deep-drilling, coring, and sensing functions for subsurface exploration of rock and soil. These are modified versions of the apparatuses described in Ultrasonic/Sonic Drill/Corers With Integrated Sensors (NPO-20856), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 25, No. 1 (January 2001), page 38. In comparison with the drilling equipment traditionally used in such exploration, these apparatuses weigh less and consume less power. Moreover, unlike traditional drills and corers, these apparatuses function without need for large externally applied axial forces.

Permitting Authority, Vol. 1, No. 2

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This document may be of assistance in applying the Title V air operating permit regulations. This document is part of the Title V Policy and Guidance Database available at www2.epa.gov/title-v-operating-permits/title-v-operating-permit-policy-and-guidance-document-index. Some documents in the database are a scanned or retyped version of a paper photocopy of the original. Although we have taken considerable effort to quality assure the documents, some may contain typographical errors. Contact the office that issued the document if you need a copy of the original.

Permitting Authority, Vol. 2, No. 1

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This document may be of assistance in applying the Title V air operating permit regulations. This document is part of the Title V Policy and Guidance Database available at www2.epa.gov/title-v-operating-permits/title-v-operating-permit-policy-and-guidance-document-index. Some documents in the database are a scanned or retyped version of a paper photocopy of the original. Although we have taken considerable effort to quality assure the documents, some may contain typographical errors. Contact the office that issued the document if you need a copy of the original.

A Conservative Discontinuous Galerkin Semi-Implicit Formulation for the Navier-Stokes Equations in Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Modeling

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

is usually implemented as an implicit correction to an explicit predictor substep [43]. In our case, this leads to the following algorithm : (i...ref., 50m ç C 10-6 10-5 10-4 0.01 0.1 1 s 0.01 0.1 1 m10 100 1000 Fig. 6.7. Self -convergence experiment for the density current test as in [51], Figure...by SIAM. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited. SIAM J. SCI. COMPUT. c © 2009 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics Vol

Biometric Challenges for Future Deployments: A Study of the Impact of Geography, Climate, Culture, and Social Conditions on the Effective Collection of Biometrics

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-04-01

to iris or face recognition. In addition, breathing the dust is prevented with something covering the mouth , which will cause problems with face...headgear that “obscures the hair or hairline”. [58] One database of face images has images of people with and without scarves over their mouth . [59... Electronic Systems Magazine. Vol 19, Number 9, September 2004. [58] U.S. Department of State. How to Apply [for a Passport] in Person. [On-line

Synthetic Beta-Lactam Antibiotic as a Selective Breast Cancer Cell Apoptosis Inducer: Significance in Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-04-01

discovery, Drug Discovery Today 2002; 7: 471-8. 3. Morin RB and Gorman M. Chemistry and Biology of beta-Lactam Antibiotics, Vol. 1-3. New York: Academic Press...J. of Applied Polymer Science 1979, 24, 1551-1564. 13. J. of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 1975, 13, 2019-2030. 14. Langmuir 2003, 19...8542-8549. 15. Tetrahedron Letters 1985, 26, 3891-3894 16. J. of Organic Chemistry 1998, 63, 8898-8917. 13 PI: Q Ping Dou 17. Tetrahedron 1997, 42

Contracting singular horseshoe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morales, C. A.; San Martín, B.

2017-11-01

We suggest a notion of hyperbolicity adapted to the geometric Rovella attractor (Robinson 2012 An Introduction to Dynamical Systems—Continuous and Discrete (Pure and Applied Undergraduate Texts vol 19) 2nd edn (Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society)) . More precisely, we call a partially hyperbolic set asymptotically sectional-hyperbolic if its singularities are hyperbolic and if its central subbundle is asymptotically sectional expanding outside the stable manifolds of the singularities. We prove that there are highly chaotic flows with Rovella-like singularities exhibiting this kind of hyperbolicity. We shall call them contracting singular horseshoes.

Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES); Special Issue on Electromagnetics and High Performance Computing. Vol. 13, No. 2

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-07-01

author’s responsibility to obtain written permission to reproduce such material. 1 " vssmwmato srÄmaöNfTT fWi««-ii|<.1iw »■■«. i-i...interesting to compare papers in the issue with previous special issues of other jour- nals and monographs, for example [ 1 , 2]. HPC issues first attracted...environment, in particular the Kendall Square Research KSR- 1 . Fast algorithms have attracted considerable atten- tion in the CEM community, since they

Structural analysis of cortical porosity applied to HR-pQCT data

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tjong, Willy, E-mail: wwtjong@gmail.com; Nirody, Jasmine, E-mail: jnirody@berkeley.edu; Burghardt, Andrew J., E-mail: andrew.burghardt@ucsf.edu

2014-01-15

Purpose: The investigation of cortical porosity is an important aspect of understanding biological, pathoetiological, and biomechanical processes occurring within the skeleton. With the emergence of HR-pQCT as a noninvasive tool suitable for clinical use, cortical porosity at appendicular sites can be directly visualizedin vivo. The aim of this study was to introduce a novel topological analysis of the cortical pore network for HR-pQCT data and determine the influence of resolution on measures of cortical pore network microstructure and topology. Methods: Cadaveric radii were scanned using HR-pQCT at two different voxel sizes (41 and 82μm) and also using μCT at amore » voxel size of 18 μm. HR-pQCT and μCT image sets were spatially coregistered. Segmentation and quantification of cortical porosity (Ct.Po) and mean pore diameter (Ct.Po.Dm) were achieved using an established extended cortical analysis technique. Topological classification of individual pores was performed using topology-preserving skeletonization and multicolor dilation algorithms. Based on the pore skeleton topological classification, the following parameters were quantified: total number of planar surface-skeleton canals (N.Slabs), tubular curve-skeleton canals (N.Tubes), and junction elements (N.Junctions), mean slab volume (Slab.Vol), mean tube volume (Tube.Vol), mean slab orientation (Slab.θ), mean tube orientation (Tube.θ), N.Slabs/N.Tubes, and integral (total) slab volume/integral tube volume (iSlab.Vol/iTube.Vol). An in vivo reproducibility study was also conducted to assess short-term precision of the topology parameters. Precision error was characterized using root mean square coefficient of variation (RMSCV%). Results: Correlations toμCT values for Ct.Po were significant for both the 41 and 82 μm HR-pQCT data (41: r{sup 2} = 0.82, p < 0.001, 82: r{sup 2} = 0.75, p < 0.001). For Ct.Po.Dm, only the 41 μm data were significantly predictive of μCT values (r{sup 2} = 0.72, p < 0.01) Data at both HR-pQCT voxel sizes were strongly predictive of the μCT values for N.Slabs (41: r{sup 2} = 0.93, p < 0.001; 82: r{sup 2} = 0.84, p < 0.001), N.Tubes (41: r{sup 2} = 0.94, p < 0.001; 82: r{sup 2} = 0.84, p < 0.001), and N.Junctions (41: r{sup 2} = 0.93, p < 0.001; 82: r{sup 2} = 0.78, p < 0.001), though proportional bias was evident in these correlations. Weak correlations were seen for iSlab.Vol/iTube.Vol at both voxel sizes (41: r{sup 2} = 0.52, p < 0.01; 82: r{sup 2} = 0.39, p < 0.05). Slab.Vol was significantly correlated to μCT data at 41 μm (r{sup 2} = 0.60, p < 0.01) but not at 82 μm, while Tube.Vol was significantly correlated at both voxel sizes (41: r{sup 2} = 0.79, p < 0.001; 82: r{sup 2} = 0.68, p < 0.01). In vivo precision error for these parameters ranged from 2.31 to 9.68 RMSCV%. Conclusions: Strong correlations betweenμCT- and HR-pQCT-derived measurements were found, particularly in HR-pQCT images obtained at 41 μm. These data are in agreement with our previous study investigating the effect of voxel size on standard HR-pQCT metrics of trabecular and cortical microstructure, and extend our previous findings to include topological descriptors of the cortical pore network.« less

Laser And Microwave Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: Basis for a New Detection Technique for Chemical and Biological Agents

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-06-01

Chem. , vol. 72, pp. 721A-776A, 2000. [2] V. Majidi and M. R. Joseph, “Spectroscopic applications of laser-induced plasmas,” Crit. Rev. Analyt...Chem., vol. 23, pp. 143-162, 1992. [3] V. Majidi , “Laser-induced plasmas: A versatile tool for chemical analysis,” Spectroscopy, vol. 8, pp. 16-24

Strategic Airpower Elements in Interwar German Air Force Doctrine

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-06-01

Criminals Before the International Military Tribunal, Nuremburg 14 November 1945 - 1 October 1946, vol. 9 ( Nuremburg : International Military Tribunal, 1947...War Criminals Before the International Military Tribunal, Nuremburg 14 November 1945 - 1 October 1946, vol. 9 ( Nuremburg : International Military...Military Tribunal. Trial of the Major War Criminals Before the International Military Tribunal, Nuremburg 14 November 1945 - 1 October 1946, vol. 9

An Exploratory Case Study of Information-Sharing and Collaboration within Air Force Supply Chain Management

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-03-01

International Journal of Production Economics , Vol. 93-94, pp. 53-99, 2005. -----. “Approximate...Optimization of a Two-level Distribution Inventory System,” International Journal of Production Economics , Vol. 81-81, pp. 545-553, 2003...Scaling Down Multi-Echelon Inventory Problems,” International Journal of Production Economics , Vol. 71, pp. 255-261, 2001. Axsater, Sven

AGARD Flight Test Techniques Series. Volume 12. The Principles of Flight Test Assessment of Flight-Safety-Critical Systems in Helicopters (Les Principes de l’Evaluation, dans le Cadre des Essais en Vol, des Systemes Indispensables a la Securite de Vol des Helicopteres)

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-08-01

AGARD-AG-300 Vol. 12 04 ADVISORY GROUP FOR AEROSPACE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 7 RUE ANCELLE, 92200 NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE, FRANCE AUG 0195 AGARDograph 300...AGARD Flight Test Techniques Series Volume 12 on The Principles of Flight Test Assessment of Flight-Safety-Critical Systems in Helicopters (Les...and Availability on Back Cover AGARD-AG-300 Vol. 12 ADVISORY GROUP FOR AEROSPACE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 7 RUE ANCELLE, 92200 NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE, FRANCE

Elevated-Temperature Mechanical Properties of Lead-Free Sn-0.7Cu- xSiC Nanocomposite Solders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mohammadi, A.; Mahmudi, R.

2018-02-01

Mechanical properties of Sn-0.7 wt.%Cu lead-free solder alloy reinforced with 0 vol.%, 1 vol.%, 2 vol.%, and 3 vol.% 100-nm SiC particles have been assessed using the shear punch testing technique in the temperature range from 25°C to 125°C. The composite materials were fabricated by the powder metallurgy route by blending, compacting, sintering, and finally extrusion. The 2 vol.% SiC-containing composite showed superior mechanical properties. In all conditions, the shear strength was adversely affected by increasing test temperature, and the 2 vol.% SiC-containing composite showed superior mechanical properties. Depending on the test temperature, the shear yield stress and ultimate shear strength increased, respectively, by 3 MPa to 4 MPa and 4 MPa to 5.5 MPa, in the composite materials. The strength enhancement was mostly attributed to the Orowan particle strengthening mechanism due to the SiC nanoparticles, and to a lesser extent to the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between the particles and matrix in the composite solder. A modified shear lag model was used to predict the total strengthening achieved by particle addition, based on the contribution of each of the above mechanisms.

Study of self-ion irradiated nanostructured ferritic alloy (NFA) and silicon carbide-nanostructured ferritic alloy (SiC-NFA) cladding materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ning, Kaijie; Bai, Xianming; Lu, Kathy

2018-07-01

Silicon carbide-nanostructured ferritic alloy (SiC-NFA) materials are expected to have the beneficial properties of each component for advanced nuclear claddings. Fabrication of pure NFA (0 vol% SiC-100 vol% NFA) and SiC-NFAs (2.5 vol% SiC-97.5 vol% NFA, 5 vol% SiC-95 vol% NFA) has been reported in our previous work. This paper is focused on the study of radiation damage in these materials under 5 MeV Fe++ ion irradiation with a dose up to ∼264 dpa. It is found that the material surfaces are damaged to high roughness with irregularly shaped ripples, which can be explained by the Bradley-Harper (B-H) model. The NFA matrix shows ion irradiation induced defect clusters and small dislocation loops, while the crystalline structure is maintained. Reaction products of Fe3Si and Cr23C6 are identified in the SiC-NFA materials, with the former having a partially crystalline structure but the latter having a fully amorphous structure upon irradiation. The different radiation damage behaviors of NFA, Fe3Si, and Cr23C6 are explained using the defect reaction rate theory.

Geology and radiometric dating of Quaternary monogenetic volcanism in the western Zacapu lacustrine basin (Michoacán, México): implications for archeology and future hazard evaluations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reyes-Guzmán, Nanci; Siebe, Claus; Chevrel, Magdalena Oryaëlle; Guilbaud, Marie-Noëlle; Salinas, Sergio; Layer, Paul

2018-02-01

The Zacapu lacustrine basin is located in the north-central part of the Michoacán-Guanajuato volcanic field (MGVF), which constitutes the west-central segment of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. Geological mapping of a 395 km2 quadrangle encompassing the western margin of the basin, 40Ar/39Ar and 14C radiometric dating, whole-rock chemical and petrographic analyses of volcanic products provide information on the stratigraphy, erupted volumes, age, and composition of the volcanoes. Although volcanism in the MGVF initiated since at least 5 Ma ago, rocks in the western Zacapu lacustrine basin are all younger than 2.1 Ma. A total of 47 volcanoes were identified and include 19 viscous lava flows ( 40 vol.%), 17 scoria cones with associated lava flows ( 36 vol.%), seven lava shields ( 15 vol.%), three domes ( 6 vol.%), and one maar ( 2 vol.%). Erupted products are dominantly andesites with 42 km3 ( 86 vol.%) followed by 4 km3 of dacite ( 8 vol.%), 1.4 km3 of basaltic trachy-andesite ( 3 vol.%), 1 km3 of basaltic andesite ( 2 vol.%), and 0.14 km3 of rhyolite ( 0.3 vol.%). Eruptive centers are commonly aligned ENE-WSW following the direction of the regional Cuitzeo Fault System. Over time, the high frequency of eruptions and consequent accumulation of lavas and pyroclastic materials pushed the lake's shore stepwise toward the southeast. Eruptions appear to have clustered through time. One cluster occurred during the Late Pleistocene between 27,000 and 21,300 BC when four volcanoes erupted. A second cluster formed during the Late Holocene, between 1500 BC and AD 900, when four closely spaced monogenetic vents erupted forming thick viscous `a'a to blocky flows on the margin of the lacustrine flats. For still poorly understood reasons, these apparently inhospitable lava flows were attractive to human settlement and eventually became one of the most densely populated heartlands of the pre-Hispanic Tarascan civilization. With an average eruption recurrence interval of 900 years during the Late Holocene the western Zacapu lacustrine basin is one of the most active areas in the MGVF and should hence be of focal interest for regional volcanic risk evaluations.

Non-invasive ventilation effectiveness and the effect of ventilatory mode on survival in ALS patients.

PubMed

Sancho, Jesus; Servera, Emilio; Morelot-Panzini, Capucine; Salachas, François; Similowski, Thomas; Gonzalez-Bermejo, Jesus

2014-03-01

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) prolongs survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but there are no data with which to compare the effectiveness of the different ventilator modes - volume (Vol-NIV) or pressure-cycled (Pres-NIV) ventilation - in ALS. We aimed to determine whether the ventilatory mode has an effect on ventilation effectiveness and survival of ALS patients using NIV. We used a retrospective study that included all ALS patients for whom NIV was indicated in two referral units: one using Vol-NIV and the other using Pres-NIV. Demographic, functional and nocturnal gas exchange parameters at NIV initiation were recorded. Eighty-two ALS patients ventilated using Pres-NIV and 62 using Vol-NIV were included. No differences were found in survival from NIV initiation between Vol-NIV (median 15.00 (7.48-22.41) months) and Pres-NIV (median 15.00 (10.25-19.75) months, p = 0.533) patients. Effective NIV was achieved in 72.41% Vol-NIV patients and in 48.78% Pres-NIV patients (p < 0.001). Ventilator mode (OR 12.066 (4.251-32.270), p < 0.001) and severity of bulbar dysfunction (OR 1.07 (1.011-1.133), p = 0.02) were the variables correlated with effective NIV. In conclusion, although Vol-NIV provides more effective ventilation, Vol-NIV and Pres-NIV present similar survival in ALS. Effectiveness of NIV is related to the severity of bulbar dysfunction.

Book review: Modern Plasma Physics, Vol. I: Physical Kinetics of Turbulent Plasmas, by Patrick H. Diamond, Sanae-I. Itoh and Kimitaka Itoh, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (UK), 2010, IX, 417 p., ISBN 978-0-521-86920-1 (Hardback)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Somov, B. V.

If you want to learn not only the most fundamental things about the physics of turbulent plasmas but also the current state of the problem including the most recent results in theoretical and experimental investigations - and certainly many physicists and astrophysicists do - this series of three excellent monographs is just for you. The first volume "Physical Kinetics of Turbulent Plasmas" develops the kinetic theory of turbulence through a focus on quasi-particle models and dynamics. It discusses the concepts and theoretical methods for describing weak and strong fluid and phase space turbulence in plasma systems far from equilibrium. The core material includes fluctuation theory, self-similar cascades and transport, mean field theory, resonance broadening and nonlinear wave-particle interaction, wave-wave interaction and wave turbulence, strong turbulence theory and renormalization. The book gives readers a deep understanding of the fields under consideration and builds a foundation for future applications to multi-scale processes of self-organization in tokamaks and other confined plasmas. In spite of a short pedagogical introduction, the book is addressed mainly to well prepared readers with a serious background in plasma physics, to researchers and advanced graduate students in nonlinear plasma physics, controlled fusions and related fields such as cosmic plasma physics

Small, Short Duration Technical Team Dynamics

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-05-01

Organizations and a Strategy of Implementation. Academy of Management Journal. Vol. October, pp. 98-111. Ivancevich , John M. 1974. A Study of a Cognitive...Training Program: Trainer Styles and Group Development. Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 17, No. 3, p. 428. 315 Ivancevich , John M. and J...Vol. 90, pp. 141-153. Lyon , J. Michael. 2003. Mentoring of Scientists and Engineers: Dyadic and Formality Effects on Career Development and

Survey of Research into Electromagnetic and Other Wave Effects on Mechanical Behavior and Processing of Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-01-01

Suisse des Electriciens, Vol. 64, No. 16, 1973, 991-997. 469. U. Becker, and G. Strese, "Welding of Plastics", Kunststoffe , Vol. 59, No. 10, 1969, 679-684...Magnetic Fields", Kautschuk und Gummi Kunststoffe , Vol. 39, No. 12, 1986, 1182-1185. 681. T. A. Manko, A. N. Kvasha, A. V. Solovev, and I. M. Ermolaev

Identification des parametres du moteur de l'avion Cessna Citation X pour la phase de croisiere a partir des tests en vol et a base des reseaux de neurones =

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zaag, Mahdi

La disponibilite des modeles precis des avions est parmi les elements cles permettant d'assurer leurs ameliorations. Ces modeles servent a ameliorer les commandes de vol et de concevoir de nouveaux systemes aerodynamiques pour la conception des ailes deformables des avions. Ce projet consiste a concevoir un systeme d'identification de certains parametres du modele du moteur de l'avion d'affaires americain Cessna Citation X pour la phase de croisiere a partir des essais en vol. Ces essais ont ete effectues sur le simulateur de vol concu et fabrique par CAE Inc. qui possede le niveau D de la dynamique de vol. En effet, le niveau D est le plus haut niveau de precision donne par l'autorite federale de reglementation FAA de l'aviation civile aux Etats-Unis. Une methodologie basee sur les reseaux de neurones optimises a l'aide d'un algorithme intitule le "grand deluge etendu" est utilisee dans la conception de ce systeme d'identification. Plusieurs tests de vol pour differentes altitudes et differents nombres de Mach ont ete realises afin de s'en servir comme bases de donnees pour l'apprentissage des reseaux de neurones. La validation de ce modele a ete realisee a l'aide des donnees du simulateur. Malgre la nonlinearite et la complexite du systeme, les parametres du moteur ont ete tres bien predits pour une enveloppe de vol determinee. Ce modele estime pourrait etre utilise pour des analyses de fonctionnement du moteur et pourrait assurer le controle de l'avion pendant cette phase de croisiere. L'identification des parametres du moteur pourrait etre realisee aussi pour les autres phases de montee et de descente afin d'obtenir son modele complet pour toute l'enveloppe du vol de l'avion Cessna Citation X (montee, croisiere, descente). Cette methode employee dans ce travail pourrait aussi etre efficace pour realiser un modele pour l'identification des coefficients aerodynamiques du meme avion a partir toujours des essais en vol. None None None

A Comparison of Four Gravimetric Fine Particle Sampling Methods.

PubMed

Yanosky, Jeff D; Maclntosh, David L

2001-06-01

A study was conducted to compare four gravimetric methods of measuring fine particle (PM 2.5 ) concentrations in air: the BGI, Inc. PQ200 Federal Reference Method PM 2.5 (FRM) sampler; the Harvard-Marple Impactor (HI); the BGI, Inc. GK2.05 KTL Respirable/Thoracic Cyclone (KTL); and the AirMetrics MiniVol (MiniVol). Pairs of FRM, HI, and KTL samplers and one MiniVol sampler were collocated and 24-hr integrated PM 2.5 samples were collected on 21 days from January 6 through April 9, 2000. The mean and standard deviation of PM 2.5 levels from the FRM samplers were 13.6 and 6.8 μg/m 3 , respectively. Significant systematic bias was found between mean concentrations from the FRM and the MiniVol (1.14 μg/m 3 , p = 0.0007), the HI and the MiniVol (0.85 μg/m 3 , p = 0.0048), and the KTL and the MiniVol (1.23 μg/m 3 , p = 0.0078) according to paired t test analyses. Linear regression on all pairwise combinations of the sampler types was used to evaluate measurements made by the samplers. None of the regression intercepts was significantly different from 0, and only two of the regression slopes were significantly different from 1, that for the FRM and the MiniVol [β 1 = 0.91, 95% CI (0.83-0.99)] and that for the KTL and the MiniVol [ = 0.88, 95% CI (0.78-0.98)]. Regression R 2 terms were 0.96 or greater between all pairs of samplers, and regression root mean square error terms (RMSE) were 1.65 μg/m 3 or less. These results suggest that the MiniVol will underestimate measurements made by the FRM, the HI, and the KTL by an amount proportional to PM 2.5 concentration. Nonetheless, these results indicate that all of the sampler types are comparable if ~10% variation on the mean levels and on individual measurement levels is considered acceptable and the actual concentration is within the range of this study (5-35 μg/m 3 ).

A comparison of four gravimetric fine particle sampling methods.

PubMed

Yanosky, J D; MacIntosh, D L

2001-06-01

A study was conducted to compare four gravimetric methods of measuring fine particle (PM2.5) concentrations in air: the BGI, Inc. PQ200 Federal Reference Method PM2.5 (FRM) sampler; the Harvard-Marple Impactor (HI); the BGI, Inc. GK2.05 KTL Respirable/Thoracic Cyclone (KTL); and the AirMetrics MiniVol (MiniVol). Pairs of FRM, HI, and KTL samplers and one MiniVol sampler were collocated and 24-hr integrated PM2.5 samples were collected on 21 days from January 6 through April 9, 2000. The mean and standard deviation of PM2.5 levels from the FRM samplers were 13.6 and 6.8 microg/m3, respectively. Significant systematic bias was found between mean concentrations from the FRM and the MiniVol (1.14 microg/m3, p = 0.0007), the HI and the MiniVol (0.85 microg/m3, p = 0.0048), and the KTL and the MiniVol (1.23 microg/m3, p = 0.0078) according to paired t test analyses. Linear regression on all pairwise combinations of the sampler types was used to evaluate measurements made by the samplers. None of the regression intercepts was significantly different from 0, and only two of the regression slopes were significantly different from 1, that for the FRM and the MiniVol [beta1 = 0.91, 95% CI (0.83-0.99)] and that for the KTL and the MiniVol [beta1 = 0.88, 95% CI (0.78-0.98)]. Regression R2 terms were 0.96 or greater between all pairs of samplers, and regression root mean square error terms (RMSE) were 1.65 microg/m3 or less. These results suggest that the MiniVol will underestimate measurements made by the FRM, the HI, and the KTL by an amount proportional to PM2.5 concentration. Nonetheless, these results indicate that all of the sampler types are comparable if approximately 10% variation on the mean levels and on individual measurement levels is considered acceptable and the actual concentration is within the range of this study (5-35 microg/m3).

Computational Physics for Space Flight Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reed, Robert A.

2004-01-01

This paper presents viewgraphs on computational physics for space flight applications. The topics include: 1) Introduction to space radiation effects in microelectronics; 2) Using applied physics to help NASA meet mission objectives; 3) Example of applied computational physics; and 4) Future directions in applied computational physics.

Synthesis and statistical modelling of dry sliding wear of Al 8011/6 vol.% AlB2 in situ composite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumar, Narendra; Singh, Sandeep Kumar; Gautam, Gaurav; Padap, Aditya Kumar; Mohan, Anita; Mohan, Sunil

2017-10-01

The present study has used response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) for modelling, using wear parameters to predict the wear performance of an Al 8011/6.0 vol.% AlB2 composite. The effect of applied load and sliding velocity was studied at five levels for a fixed sliding distance. To understand wear behaviour, sliding wear tests were planned according to CCD and performed on a pin-on-disc apparatus at ambient temperature. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to show the relative significance of the parameters. A second-order regression model was developed to predict the wear loss and to establish the relationships between wear parameters. Response surface and contour plots were drawn to analyse the wear results. Worn surfaces were examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to interpret the operative wear mechanisms. Validation tests results show good agreement between experimental and predicted data. As an initial step of this study, AlB2 particles were reinforced in Al 8011 alloy by an in situ technique to synthesise an Al 8011/6.0 vol.% AlB2 composite. During synthesis an in situ reaction takes place between molten alloy and inorganic salt KBF4 at 850 °C, which leads to the formation of AlB2 particles. The composite was analysed by x-ray diffractometer (XRD) to detect the phases present, while optical and scanning electron microscopy (OM & SEM) were carried out to ascertain morphology and particle distribution. Hardness was evaluated by a Vickers hardness testing machine.

Synthesis, characterization, X-ray crystal structure, DFT calculation and antibacterial activities of new vanadium(IV, V) complexes containing chelidamic acid and novel thiourea derivatives.

PubMed

Farzanfar, Javad; Ghasemi, Khaled; Rezvani, Ali Reza; Delarami, Hojat Samareh; Ebrahimi, Ali; Hosseinpoor, Hona; Eskandari, Amir; Rudbari, Hadi Amiri; Bruno, Giuseppe

2015-06-01

Three new thiourea ligands derived from the condensation of aroyl- and aryl-isothiocyanate derivatives with 2,6-diaminopyridine, named 1,1'-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)bis(3-(benzoyl)thiourea) (L1), 1,1'-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)bis(3-(2-chlorobenzoyl)thiourea) (L2) and 1,1'-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)bis(3-(4-chlorophenyl)thiourea) (L3), their oxido-vanadium(IV) complexes, namely [VO(L1('))(H2O)] (C1), [VO(L2('))(H2O)] (C2) and [VO(L3('))(H2O)] (C3), and also, dioxo-vanadium(V) complex containing 4-hydroxy-2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid (chelidamic acid, H2dipic-OH) and metformin (N,N-dimethylbiguanide, Met), named [H2Met][VO2(dipic-OH)]2·H2O (C4), were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR and (1)H NMR and UV-visible spectroscopies. Proposed structures for free thiourea ligands and their vanadium complexes were corroborated by applying geometry optimization and conformational analysis. Solid state structure of complex [H2Met][VO2(dipic-OH)]2·H2O (triclinic, Pī) was fully determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In this complex, metformin is double protonated and acted as counter ion. The antibacterial properties of these compounds were investigated in vitro against standard Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The experiments showed that vanadium(IV) complexes had the superior antibacterial activities than novel thiourea derivatives and vanadium(V) complex against all Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Heat pulse propagation studies on DIII-D and the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fredrickson, E. D.; Austin, M. E.; Groebner, R.; Manickam, J.; Rice, B.; Schmidt, G.; Snider, R.

2000-12-01

Sawtooth phenomena have been studied on DIII-D and the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [D. Meade and the TFTR Group, in Proceedings of the International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion, Washington, DC, 1990 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1991), Vol. 1, pp. 9-24]. In the experiments the sawtooth characteristics were studied with fast electron temperature (ECE) and soft x-ray diagnostics. For the first time, measurements of a strong ballistic electron heat pulse were made in a shaped tokamak (DIII-D) [J. Luxon and DIII-D Group, in Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Kyoto (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1987), Vol. 1, p. 159] and the "ballistic effect" was stronger than was previously reported on TFTR. Evidence is presented in this paper that the ballistic effect is related to the fast growth phase of the sawtooth precursor. Fast, 2 ms interval, measurements on DIII-D were made of the ion temperature evolution following sawteeth and partial sawteeth to document the ion heat pulse characteristics. It is found that the ion heat pulse does not exhibit the very fast, "ballistic" behavior seen for the electrons. Further, for the first time it is shown that the electron heat pulses from partial sawtooth crashes (on DIII-D and TFTR) are seen to propagate at speeds close to those expected from the power balance calculations of the thermal diffusivities whereas heat pulses from fishbones propagate at rates more consistent with sawtooth induced heat pulses. These results suggest that the fast propagation of sawtooth-induced heat pulses is not a feature of nonlinear transport models, but that magnetohydrodynamic events can have a strong effect on electron thermal transport.

A Safe, Self-Calibrating, Wireless System for Measuring Volume of Any Fuel at Non-Horizontal Orientation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Woodward, Stanley E.; Taylor, Bryant D.

2010-01-01

A system for wirelessly measuring the volume of fluid in tanks at non-horizontal orientation is predicated upon two technologies developed at Langley Research Center. The first is a magnetic field response recorder that powers and interrogates magnetic field response sensors [ Magnetic Field Response Measurement Acquisition System, (LAR-16908), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 30, No. 6 (June 2006), page 28]. Magnetic field response sensors are a class of sensors that are powered via oscillating magnetic fields and when electrically active respond with their own magnetic fields whose attributes are dependent upon the magnitude of the physical quantity being measured. The response recorder facilitates the use of the second technology, which is a magnetic field response fluid-level sensor ["Wireless Fluid- Level Sensors for Harsh Environments," (LAR-17155), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 33, No. 4 (April 2009), page 30]. The method for powering and interrogating the sensors allows them to be completely encased in materials (Fig. 1) that are chemically resilient to the fluid being measured, thereby facilitating measurement of substances (e.g., acids, petroleum, cryogenic, caustic, and the like) that would normally destroy electronic circuitry. When the sensors are encapsulated, no fluid (or fluid vapor) is exposed to any electrical component of the measurement system. There is no direct electrical line from the vehicle or plant power into a fuel container. The means of interrogating and powering the sensors can be completely physically and electrically isolated from the fuel and vapors by placing the sensor on the other side of an electrically non-conductive bulkhead (Fig. 2). These features prevent the interrogation system and its electrical components from becoming an ignition source.