First aid provision in nightclubs and other entertainment venues.

PubMed

Dean, R; Mulligan, J

This article discusses the role and responsibilities of the registered nurse in providing first aid in challenging environments, such as crowded nightclubs. Basic assistance for common emergencies, including substance misuse, wounds, choking and anaphylaxis, are discussed. This article emphasises the importance of risk assessment and reminds readers of the need to maintain personal safety.

The complexity of the discussion on effectiveness and evidence in health promotion practices.

PubMed

Bodstein, Regina

2007-01-01

This article discusses an evaluation framework based on an understanding of the constitutive elements and multistrategic characteristics of health promotion (HP) programs. Health promotion presents an ongoing challenge for traditional evaluation frameworks (Rootman et al., 2001; Potvin, 2006; Barnes et al., 2003) when it redefines its actions as empowerment, community participation, local development, health literacy and intersectorial activities for the purpose of reducing inequalities for individuals, organizations, and public policies (Kickbush, 1994). This challenge also applies to the discussion on effectiveness of H P practice; what is at stake is the knowledge about how health promotion actions generate changes and outcomes. In short, this article proposes to discuss this redefined HP perspective and identify its usefulness in terms of the debate on effectiveness and evidence of HP in Brazil.

Adventure Racing and Organizational Behavior: Using Eco Challenge Video Clips to Stimulate Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kenworthy-U'Ren, Amy; Erickson, Anthony

2009-01-01

In this article, the Eco Challenge race video is presented as a teaching tool for facilitating theory-based discussion and application in organizational behavior (OB) courses. Before discussing the intricacies of the video series itself, the authors present a pedagogically based rationale for using reality TV-based video segments in a classroom…

Perspectives on "Choice and Challenge" in Primary Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bragg, Sara

2016-01-01

This article discusses "Choice and Challenge" as a tool for school improvement and as a "practicable pedagogy" that attempts to embody the principles of "learning without limits," rejecting ability grouping and labelling. As considered here, "Choice and Challenge" emerges specifically from practice at the…

Workplace diversity and public policy: challenges and opportunities for psychology.

PubMed

Fassinger, Ruth E

2008-01-01

This article outlines both challenges and opportunities for psychology of issues related to diversity in education and work. For the purposes of this discussion, "diverse" populations include four groups currently marginalized and disadvantaged in the U.S. workplace: women, people of color, sexual minorities, and people with disabilities. An overview of employment participation patterns for these groups is presented, workplace barriers arising from marginalized status are highlighted, and the article concludes with a discussion of work-related legislative and public policy fronts that can be informed and influenced by the contributions of psychologists. Copyright (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved.

Challenges in the doctor-patient relationship: 12 tips for more effective peer group discussion.

PubMed

Wilson, Hamish

2015-09-01

In New Zealand, almost all general practitioners are members of peer groups, which provide opportunities for both clinical discussion and collegial support. This article proposes that peer groups can also be a useful medium for exploring specific challenges within the doctor-patient relationship. However, the peer group culture needs to be receptive to this particular goal. Structured discussion can help peer group members explore interpersonal issues more thoroughly.

Meeting the challenges of case management with remote patient monitoring technology.

PubMed

Cherry, J C; Colliflower, S J; Tsiperfal, A

2000-01-01

The article presents an overview of some of the current trends in health care and the challenges faced by nurse case managers who are providing disease management services. It discusses some of the emerging technologies available today for innovative case management. In particular, this article describes a program run by a healthcare system in Sacramento, California that uses an Internet-based technology to enhance their nurse case management model. The article demonstrates how the Health Hero platform enables interactive communication between nurse case managers and their patients, thereby meeting some of the challenges the nurse case managers are faced with in the modern disease-management world.

Information and Communication Technology in Education: Getting Chinese Connected for Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Xiaobin

2013-01-01

This article provides an overview of the current development of information and communication technology (ICT) utilized in Chinese education. Specifically, the article describes and discusses the impact contemporary ICT has on Chinese elementary and secondary education, as well as the existing challenges in ICT application. The article also…

Effective advocacy for patients with inflammatory bowel disease: communication with insurance companies, school administrators, employers, and other health care overseers.

PubMed

Jaff, Jennifer C; Arnold, Janis; Bousvaros, Athos

2006-08-01

In addition to their physical challenges, children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) living in the United States face a number of administrative and regulatory hurdles that affect their quality of life. This article, written by a physician, attorney/patient advocate, and social worker, discusses a number of these challenges and describes how the provider can help his or her patient overcome them. Specifically, the article discusses 4 areas in detail: appeals of denials of coverage from insurance companies and third party payors; assisting children with IBD with classroom and school accommodations; assisting uninsured children in obtaining Social Security benefits; and aiding a parent to care for their child using the Family and Medical Leave Act. Although this article has a pediatric focus, adults have similar advocacy needs. Case examples and sample letters to third-party payors, schools, and employers are included in this article.

Child Community Mental Health Services in Asia Pacific and Singapore’s REACH Model

PubMed Central

Lim, Choon Guan; Loh, Hannah; Renjan, Vidhya; Tan, Jason; Fung, Daniel

2017-01-01

In recent decades, there have been concerted efforts to improve mental health services for youths alongside the challenges of rising healthcare costs and increasing demand for mental health needs. One important phenomenon is the shift from traditional clinic-based care to community-based mental health services to improve accessibility to services and provide patient-centred care. In this article, we discuss the child and adolescent community mental health efforts within the Asia-Pacific region. We also discuss Singapore’s community and school-based mental health service, known as the Response, Early Intervention and Assessment in Community Mental Health (REACH). This article discusses how REACH has evolved over the years in response to the changing needs of youths in Singapore. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future directions for youth mental health care. PMID:28984830

Panel Discussion: Creating a Spirit of Inquiry in the Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leh, Sandra Kundrik; Melincavage, Sharon M.

2012-01-01

A paucity of published literature exists related to the use of panel discussion as a teaching strategy. This article describes the panel discussion, the underpinnings of constructivism and the use of panel discussion to create a constructivist classroom environment. Details of planning, evaluating, and challenges of a panel discussion are also…

Leveraging U.S. Geo-Strategic Positional Advantage to Prevail in a Mercantile World

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-02-14

Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks,” gravimetric analysis, as discussed in the American Scientist article , “Detecting Irregular Gravity,” and...Technology. Atlanta, GA: 21 January 2005. http://www.ece.gatech.edu/research/labs/bwn/surveys/underwater.pdf. American Scientist article . “Detecting... culture , and civil law and order. The challenge of implementing these adjustments, combined with other internal challenges, will relegate India to

Wireless Sensor Networks: Monitoring and Control

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hastbacka, Mildred; Ponoum, Ratcharit; Bouza, Antonio

2013-05-31

The article discusses wireless sensor technologies for building energy monitoring and control. This article, also, addresses wireless sensor networks as well as benefits and challenges of using wireless sensors. The energy savings and market potential of wireless sensors are reviewed.

Helping the Angels

PubMed Central

Mangewala, Vikas; Baron, Richard

2013-01-01

According to the World Health Organization, 53,000 children die every year in United States because of a chronic medical condition. Physicians have to face various ethical and psychological challenges while managing these conditions. These challenges range from disclosure of diagnosis to effective grief counseling to the family. In this article we have discussed some of these challenges and strategies to effectively meet these challenges. PMID:23630648

Women and Leadership: A Developmental Paradox?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levitt, Dana Heller

2010-01-01

In this article, the author explores the nature of leadership from a gendered perspective, specifically addressing leadership challenges for women. Leadership challenges, gender stereotypes, and definitions of leadership are discussed. Recommendations for professional redefinition of leadership within the counseling profession and strategies for…

Complexities of policy-driven pre-registration nursing curricula.

PubMed

McCarthy, Jilian; Holt, Maxine

This article discusses the challenges faced by two nurse educators when incorporating current health policy into a new pre-registration nursing curriculum, using public health and e-learning as examples. The article, which features the results of preliminary work from the authors' doctoral studies, includes summaries of students' discourses about e-learning and public health and how these subject areas are perceived by learners. Practical solutions to the challenges encountered are suggested.

The journal of undergraduate neuroscience education: history, challenges, and future developments.

PubMed

Dunbar, Gary L; Lom, Barbara; Grisham, William; Ramirez, Julio J

2009-01-01

The 'JUNE and You' sessions presented at the July 2008 Undergraduate Neuroscience Education workshop, sponsored jointly by Faculty for Undergraduate Neuroscience (FUN) and Project Kaleidoscope (PKAL), featured background information about the history and mission of the Journal of Undergraduate Neuroscience Education (JUNE), followed by an informative discussion about the challenges facing JUNE, including new ideas for future developments. This article will highlight some of the information and ideas generated and shared at this conference. Critical discussion points included the need to keep members of FUN actively engaged in submitting and reviewing articles for JUNE. Ways in which authors, reviewers, and interested faculty members could best help in promoting the mission and vision of JUNE were discussed. Concerns about recent hackings into the JUNE website were also raised, and possible solutions and measures that can be taken to minimize this in the future were discussed. In addition, ideas for expanding the role of JUNE to provide a forum to evaluate new and emerging website information that is pertinent to undergraduate neuroscience education was discussed. Ideas for future developments of JUNE included revolving postings of articles as they are accepted, providing links to several related websites, and allowing updates for articles that have been previously published in JUNE. Finally, ideas for maintaining and expanding JUNE's stature as the resource for undergraduate neuroscience education included ensuring that JUNE is listed on important search vehicles, such as PubMed.

Framing global health: the governance challenge.

PubMed

McInnes, Colin; Kamradt-Scott, Adam; Lee, Kelley; Reubi, David; Roemer-Mahler, Anne; Rushton, Simon; Williams, Owain David; Woodling, Marie

2012-01-01

With the emergence of global health comes governance challenges which are equally global in nature. This article identifies some of the initial limitations in analyses of global health governance (GHG) before discussing the focus of this special supplement: the framing of global health issues and the manner in which this impacts upon GHG. Whilst not denying the importance of material factors (such as resources and institutional competencies), the article identifies how issues can be framed in different ways, thereby creating particular pathways of response which in turn affect the potential for and nature of GHG. It also identifies and discusses the key frames operating in global health: evidence-based medicine, human rights, security, economics and development.

A Window-Washing Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roman, Harry T.

2010-01-01

Skyscrapers sure do have a lot of windows, and these windows are cleaned and checked regularly. All this takes time, money, and puts workers at potential risk. Might there be a better way to do it? In this article, the author discusses a window-washing challenge and describes how students can tackle this task, pick up the challenge, and creatively…

Clinical Challenges in the Growing Medical Marijuana Field.

PubMed

Barker, Jonathan

2018-03-01

Unique clinical challenges arise with the growing number of patients who possess medical marijuana cards. Medical marijuana patients with mental disorders can have worsening symptoms with marijuana use. Often there is sparse continuity of care between the patient and the medical marijuana practitioner. Lack of communication between the patient's treating practitioners and the practitioner who has authorized the medical marijuana can be problematic. This article is a discussion of the new clinical challenges practitioners are likely to encounter with the growing number of medical marijuana patients. [Full article available at http://rimed.org/rimedicaljournal-2018-03.asp].

Clinical Challenges in the Growing Medical Marijuana Field.

PubMed

Barker, Jonathan

2018-02-02

Unique clinical challenges arise with the growing number of patients who possess medical marijuana cards. Medical marijuana patients with mental disorders can have worsening symptoms with marijuana use. Often there is sparse continuity of care between the patient and the medical marijuana practitioner. Lack of communication between the patient's treating practitioners and the practitioner who has authorized the medical marijuana can be problematic. This article is a discussion of the new clinical challenges practitioners are likely to encounter with the growing number of medical marijuana patients. [Full article available at http://rimed.org/rimedicaljournal-2018-02.asp].

Mission Driven and Data Informed Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holter, Anthony C.; Frabutt, James M.

2012-01-01

The contemporary challenges facing Catholic schools and Catholic school leaders are widely known. Effective and systemic solutions to these mounting challenges are less widely known or discussed. This article highlights the skills, knowledge, and dispositions associated with mission driven and data informed leadership--an orientation to school…

Symposium on Contemporary Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berry, David A.; Graff, Gerald; Nelson, Cary

2010-01-01

In this article, the authors discuss contemporary challenges. David Berry offers advice on teaching the humanities at a community college; Gerald Graff examines how the traditional organization of universities undermines student learning; and Cary Nelson considers the effects on the humanities of the increasing reliance on contingent faculty.

The Multiply Handicapped Child.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolf, James M., Ed.; Anderson, Robert M., Ed.

Articles presented in the area of the medical and educational challenge of the multiply handicapped child are an overview of the problem, the increasing challenge, congenital malformations, children whose mothers had rubella, prematurity and deafness, the epidemiology of reproductive casualty, and new education for old problems. Discussions of…

Using Order of Magnitude Calculations to Extend Student Comprehension of Laboratory Data

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dean, Rob L.

2015-01-01

Author Rob Dean previously published an Illuminations article concerning "challenge" questions that encourage students to think imaginatively with approximate quantities, reasonable assumptions, and uncertain information. This article has promoted some interesting discussion, which has prompted him to present further examples. Examples…

Healthy ageing supported by technology--a cross-disciplinary research challenge.

PubMed

Koch, Sabine

2010-01-01

During the last decade, the challenges of an ageing society became focus for extensive scientific, public and political discussions. From discussions in scientific fora within each discipline, there is now a shift towards cross-disciplinary scientific approaches. The aim of this article is therefore, to collect and describe different scientific viewpoints in this regard and to point out research gaps to be addressed in the future. The article is based on a number of review articles and keynote lectures given by the author, and complemented with informal interviews of experts from different scientific fields engaged in the field of technology and ageing. Results show that research has emerged from being technology-focussed to scenario-based taking different scientific perspectives into account. However, the biggest challenge still is to accommodate the need for a holistic integrated service which means to provide personalised services and adapt technology and content to individual needs of different stakeholders. Further, cross-disciplinary research is needed that relates informatics and technology to different stages of the aging process and that evaluates the effects of proposed technical solutions.

Leveraging Big Data in Pediatric Development Programs: Proceedings From the 2016 American College of Clinical Pharmacology Annual Meeting Symposium.

PubMed

Mulugeta, Lily Yeruk; Yao, Lynne; Mould, Diane; Jacobs, Brian; Florian, Jeffrey; Smith, Brian; Sinha, Vikram; Barrett, Jeffrey S

2018-01-10

This article discusses the use of big data in pediatric drug development. The article covers key topics discussed at the ACCP annual meeting symposium in 2016 including the extent to which big data or real-world data can inform clinical trial design and substitute for efficacy and safety data typically obtained in clinical trials. The current states of use, opportunities, and challenges with the use of big data in future pediatric drug development are discussed. © 2018 American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.

Differentiated Pedagogy to Address Learner Diversity in Secondary Physical Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jarvis, Jane M.; Pill, Shane A.; Noble, Anna G.

2017-01-01

This article discusses the challenge of addressing student diversity in secondary physical education (PE) classes. Contemporary curriculum documents and teacher standards emphasize differentiated pedagogy in order to engage and challenge all learners. However, the reality of designing effective learning experiences for diverse students represents…

The Challenging Academic Development (CAD) Collective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peseta, Tai

2005-01-01

This article discusses the Challenging Academic Development (CAD) Collective and describes how it came out of a symposium called "Liminality, identity, and hybridity: On the promise of new conceptual frameworks for theorising academic/faculty development." The CAD Collective is and represents a space where people can open up their…

Opportunities and Challenges with Digital Open Badges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farmer, Tadd; West, Richard E.

2016-01-01

With increasing interest in competency and outcome-based education, and the blending of formal and informal learning, there is increasing need for credentials to match these learning paradigms. In this article, the authors discuss the benefits, challenges, and potential future directions for open digital badges--one potential alternative…

Implementation Challenges to TADS Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kennard, Betsy D.; Ginsburg, Golda S.; Feeny, Norah C.; Sweeney, Michael; Zagurski, Robin

2005-01-01

This article discusses treatment obstacles that were frequently encountered by CBT therapists in the Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS) trial. The most common or challenging treatment obstacles and their respective solutions were distilled from the minutes of national conference calls attended by TADS CBT supervisors and…

A Feminist Posthumanist Ecopedagogy in/for/with AnimalScapes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lloro-Bidart, Teresa

2018-01-01

Extending and challenging Arun Appadurai's anthropocentric "scapes," this article converses with feminist posthumanism, ecofeminism, and the political ecology of education to develop a more-than-human ecopedagogy in/for/with animalScapes. After outlining the article's theoretical framework, I briefly discuss the research cases informing…

Universal Design for Learning: Meeting the Needs of All Students. In the Curriculum--Multidisciplinary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howard, Kirsten Lee

2004-01-01

For learning to take place, the material must be challenging enough to engage students' interest, but not so challenging that they become frustrated and give up. This article discusses one teacher's challenge to figure out how to make this teaching method a reality in a classroom of 21 diverse first graders with many different learning styles,…

Challenges facing drug development for malaria.

PubMed

Craft, J Carl

2008-10-01

Malaria is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. Until recently malaria was winning but with increase in funding particularly from philanthropic groups the ability to control malaria is again possible. There are still many challenges to developing the next generations of anti-malarials. This article will briefly discuss the challenges and the advance that are being made.

"Coming Out" as Pregnant or Having a Baby While Attending School: Experiences and Challenges of Scottish Schoolgirl Mothers/Mothers-to-Be

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ferguson, Beverley

2016-01-01

Concerns exist about schoolgirls disengaging from education, becoming pregnant, dropping out of school and having lower-level or fewer qualifications. Few studies have considered the experiences and challenges that schoolgirls who become mothers face when continuing in education. This article discusses the experiences and challenges of Scottish…

New Parenting Challenges in Europe Today.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fthenakis, Wassilios E.

This article discusses factors affecting parents in contemporary Europe. The focus is on family development, mechanisms conditioning social and family interactions, and the historical processes that are resulting in changes in family structure. Family changes discussed include the declining birthrate, structural conditions for parenthood, changing…

Emotional Intelligence: Popular but Elusive Construct.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pfeiffer, Steven I.

2001-01-01

Important work of Daniel Goleman, Peter Salovey and John Mayer on emotional intelligence (EI) is discussed to illustrate recent theorizing on EI. The article discusses conceptual and measurement problems that presently challenge the usefulness of the EI construct and urges further research. (Author/CR)

Counseling Psychology Research on Sexual (Orientation) Minority Issues: Conceptual and Methodological Challenges and Opportunities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moradi, Bonnie; Mohr, Jonathan J.; Worthington, Roger L.; Fassinger, Ruth E.

2009-01-01

This lead article of the special issue discusses conceptual and methodological considerations in studying sexual minority issues, particularly in research conducted by counseling psychologists (including the work represented in this special issue). First, the overarching challenge of conceptualizing and defining sexual minority populations is…

Conducting Research with LGB People of Color: Methodological Challenges and Strategies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeBlaere, Cirleen; Brewster, Melanie E.; Sarkees, Anthony; Moradi, Bonnie

2010-01-01

Methodological barriers have been highlighted as a primary reason for the limited research with lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people of color. Thus, strategies for anticipating and addressing potential methodological barriers are needed. To address this need, this article discusses potential challenges associated with conducting research with…

World Health organization guidelines for management of acute stress, PTSD, and bereavement: key challenges on the road ahead.

PubMed

Tol, Wietse A; Barbui, Corrado; Bisson, Jonathan; Cohen, Judith; Hijazi, Zeinab; Jones, Lynne; de Jong, Joop T V M; Magrini, Nicola; Omigbodun, Olayinka; Seedat, Soraya; Silove, Derrick; Souza, Renato; Sumathipala, Athula; Vijayakumar, Lakshmi; Weissbecker, Inka; Zatzick, Douglas; van Ommeren, Mark

2014-12-01

Wietse Tol and colleagues discuss some of the key challenges for implementation of new WHO guidelines for stress-related mental health disorders in low- and middle-income countries. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.

Workplace Diversity and Public Policy: Challenges and Opportunities for Psychology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fassinger, Ruth E.

2008-01-01

This article outlines both challenges and opportunities for psychology of issues related to diversity in education and work. For the purposes of this discussion, "diverse" populations include four groups currently marginalized and disadvantaged in the U.S. workplace: women, people of color, sexual minorities, and people with disabilities. An…

Orthodontic therapists--a challenge for the 21st century.

PubMed

Hodge, Trevor

2010-12-01

The introduction of orthodontic therapists in 2007 has led to significant changes to the delivery of orthodontic treatment in the UK. This article outlines the author's experience of training therapists on the Yorkshire Orthodontic Therapy Course and discusses challenges faced by this new way of providing orthodontics in the UK.

The Development of Teacher Education in Malaysia: Problems and Challenges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Molly N. N.

2000-01-01

Reviews patterns of teacher education in Malaysia, highlighting current problems and challenges, discussing recent reforms and policy initiatives in the domain of teacher education, and introducing three articles that focus on: teacher education for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages in Malaysia, training of school counselors in…

Non-Religion-Based State Constitutional Challenges to Educational Voucher and Tax Credit Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Green, Preston C., III

2016-01-01

This article provides an overview of non-religion-based state constitutional challenges to educational voucher and tax credit/scholarship programs. The first section discusses litigation examining whether education voucher programs violate constitutional provisions requiring the legislature to provide an efficient system of public schools. The…

Can We Meet the Sustainability Challenges? The Role of Education and Lifelong Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wals, Arjen E. J.; Benavot, Aaron

2017-01-01

Education and lifelong learning are increasingly being mobilised to address the global environmental crisis and accompanying sustainability challenges. This article discusses the many roles of education about and for sustainable development, drawing on evidence and arguments put forward in the 2016 Global Education Monitoring Report,…

The Challenge of Challenging Text

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shanahan, Timothy; Fisher, Douglas; Frey, Nancy

2012-01-01

The Common Core State Standards emphasize the value of teaching students to engage with complex text. But what exactly makes a text complex, and how can teachers help students develop their ability to learn from such texts? The authors of this article discuss five factors that determine text complexity: vocabulary, sentence structure, coherence,…

The Challenge of Acquisitions in the Digital Age

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whittaker, Martha

2008-01-01

People are now beginning to appreciate that acquisitions in the digital world is different. In addition to business acumen and accounting knowledge, a digital-age acquisitions librarian needs to understand scholarly communication and the emerging business models of digital publishing. In this article, the author discusses the challenges and the…

Facebook: Challenges and Opportunities for Business Communication Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Decarie, Christina

2010-01-01

In this article, the author describes her experience with networking on Facebook and discusses some important challenges and opportunities for business communication students. Facebook requires and enhances strong writing and interpersonal communication skills and it requires something new--a kind of literacy that students and teachers alike are…

The Challenge. Volume 14, Number 3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

US Department of Education, 2007

2007-01-01

"The Challenge" provides information and resources to help schools create safe and healthy learning environments for students. Articles in this issue include: (1) Research Shows Consequences of Drug Abuse on the Teenage Brain (Don Vereen); (2) Interview: NIDA [National Institute on Drug Abuse] Director Discusses Drug Abuse among Teens; (3) Know…

Dealing with Distinctiveness. Development of Chinese in the "Australian Curriculum: Languages"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scrimgeour, Andrew; Foster, Marnie; Mao, Weifeng

2013-01-01

This article explores some of the distinctive challenges in Chinese language education in schools and discusses how the development of the "Australian Curriculum: Chinese" has responded to these challenges. It details how the curriculum framework outlined in the "Shape of the Australian Curriculum: Languages" (ACARA, 2011)…

Tensions and Challenges in China's Education Policy Borrowing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tan, Charlene

2016-01-01

Background: This article critically discusses the key tensions and challenges arising from the educational policy borrowing in China, through its current education reform. Focussing on the new curriculum reform (NCR), the paper highlights the interactions and conflicts between foreign and local ideologies and practices. Sources of evidence: The…

A Further Perspective on Joint Partnerships: A Commentary on "Creating and Capitalizing on the Town/Gown Relationship"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Veronica

2006-01-01

This article discusses the benefits and challenges of the College Hill Library, a joint venture between Front Range Community College and the City of Westminster. It is a comparison to the Keene Library partnership described in the article by Halverson and Plotas.

Inside a Search. Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cooper, Rosie

2011-01-01

Lou Marinoff's article, "Inside a Search," discusses the issues college search committees face in the pursuit of qualified faculty members that will be a good fit for their institutions. More often than not, faculty searches are more complex and challenging than the featured article suggests. The economic downturn facing the nation has resulted in…

Transition to Postsecondary Education: Institutional and Individual Issues.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aune, Betty; Friehe, Mary

1996-01-01

Drawing on transition literature of a general nature and specific to language disorders and learning disabilities, this article challenges the efficacy of the existing special education paradigm and contends that changes in institutional policies and practices are needed. The article also discusses roles played by participants in the transition…

Positive Youth Development, Willful Adolescents, and Mentoring

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Larson, Reed

2006-01-01

This article describes positive youth development as a process in which young people's capacity for being motivated by challenge energizes their active engagement in development. The first part of the article discusses the conditions under which this motivation is activated and considers obstacles to its activation in daily life. The second part…

Mentoring College Bound High School Seniors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mowrer-Popiel, Elizabeth

This article examines causes of the high rate of attrition of college freshmen during the first few weeks of school and describes a plan for mentorships between successful college students and college-bound secondary seniors prior to entrance into college. In discussing the challenges facing freshmen, the article suggests that they suffer stress…

Women's Studies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, James E., Ed.; Davis, Hazel K., Ed.

1981-01-01

The 16 articles in this journal issue deal with women's studies within the English curriculum. Topics discussed in the articles include (1) the feminist challenge to the male-centered curriculum in higher education; (2) the women's movement and women's studies; (3) connotations of the word "girl"; (4) women in English education; (5) the new…

Outlook and Challenges for Hydrogen Storage in Nanoporous Materials

DOE PAGES

Broom, D. P.; Webb, C. J.; Hurst, Katherine E.; ...

2016-02-16

Considerable progress has been made recently in the use of nanoporous materials for hydrogen storage. In our article, the current status of the field and future challenges are discussed, ranging from important open fundamental questions, such as the density and volume of the adsorbed phase and its relationship to overall storage capacity, to the development of new functional materials and complete storage system design. With regard to fundamentals, the use of neutron scattering to study adsorbed H 2, suitable adsorption isotherm equations, and the accurate computational modelling and simulation of H 2 adsorption are discussed. We cover new materials andmore » they include flexible metal–organic frameworks, core–shell materials, and porous organic cage compounds. The article concludes with a discussion of the experimental investigation of real adsorptive hydrogen storage tanks, the improvement in the thermal conductivity of storage beds, and new storage system concepts and designs.« less

Emerging issues and future directions of the field of health communication.

PubMed

Hannawa, Annegret F; Kreps, Gary L; Paek, Hye-Jin; Schulz, Peter J; Smith, Sandi; Street, Richard L

2014-01-01

The interdisciplinary intersections between communication science and health-related fields are pervasive, with numerous differences in regard to epistemology, career planning, funding perspectives, educational goals, and cultural orientations. This article identifies and elaborates on these challenges with illustrative examples. Furthermore, concrete suggestions for future scholarship are recommended to facilitate compatible, coherent, and interdisciplinary health communication inquiry. The authors hope that this article helps current and future generations of health communication scholars to make more informed decisions when facing some of the challenges discussed in this article so that they will be able to seize the interdisciplinary and international potential of this unique and important field of study.

International Deaf Education Teacher-Training Projects.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moulton, Robert; Chinn, Kathleen

2002-01-01

This article discusses the need and challenges of developing nations regarding audiological and educational services for children who are deaf or hard-of-hearing. Stellar international programs are described. Availability and use of current computer technology is discussed and suggestions are made for international projects in audiology and deaf…

Meeting the Challenge of Mathematics Reform for Students with LD.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woodward, John; Montague, Marjorie

2002-01-01

This article discusses forces driving mathematics reform: shifting theoretical paradigms, disappointing levels of mathematics performance of students in the United States, and the impact of rapidly changing technologies. Concerns about this reform from the special education community are discussed, and synthesized special education research…

Combining and Sequencing Games Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Belka, David E.

2004-01-01

This article discusses the combination of skills into sequences. Combining skills into usable, challenging, and meaningful sequences is often neglected or under-used in many school and community game programs. Reasons for this under-use are discussed. Combinations of skills build on proficiency in performing separate skills and serve as…

Professional Learning, Instructional Shifts, and Missed Opportunities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Risko, Victoria J.

2017-01-01

In this article, Victoria Risko discusses the power of professional learning that is supported by knowledgeable others and recommends a multi-talented approach that draws on the expertise of reading specialists, literacy coaches, and classroom teachers. Next, she discusses the challenges one faces when implementing professional learning…

The Challenge of Teaching Elementary Reading

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolf, Aline D.

2006-01-01

In this article, Aline Wolf discusses the challenges of teaching elementary reading at present time. She also raises her concern not only about the declining of reading skills, but also about the declining number of books that students actually read which creates a dilemma for teachers. She believes that the Montessori community must give priority…

A Role for Technology in Professional Development? Lessons from IBM

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levy, Frank; Murnane, Richard J.

2004-01-01

This article discusses how standards-based accountability systems challenge American educators to accomplish something that has never been done in the nation's history: teaching all children to master a demanding set of skills. The challenge makes sense today because technological changes and outsourcing have left American workers who lack strong…

Plurality in Unity: Challenges toward Religious Education in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baring, Rito V.

2011-01-01

This article reviews the challenges provided by a plural condition toward doing religious education in the Philippines. The problem of Philippine religious education hinges on the fact that the growing plural condition in the educational system remains until now "un-discussed"; or integrated in many schools. Not much is heard about…

Patterns in Nature: Challenging Secondary Students to Learn about Physical Laws

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taber, Keith S.

2011-01-01

Teaching about the nature of science is seen as a priority within science education, and has also been highlighted as a suitable context for challenging the most able ("gifted") learners at secondary school level. This article discusses a practical session designed to introduce the idea of physical (natural) laws. The session asks…

Teaching about Terrorism: Lessons Learned at SWOTT

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Gregory D.

2009-01-01

This article discusses some of the challenges and lessons for teaching undergraduate-level courses related to terrorism. The author outlines some of the primary issues that instructors can expect to face, and provides strategies for dealing with several of these challenges. The goal is to relay useful information to those teaching, or planning to…

Social Justice: A Long-Term Challenge for Counseling Psychology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ivey, Allen E.; Collins, Noah M.

2003-01-01

Counseling psychology has a long history of interest and commitment to social justice and multicultural issues. This article discusses some of that history and, in addition, speaks to specifics of implementing a liberation psychology frame of reference into clinical practice along with the issues of implementation and challenges faced by those of…

Preparing Globally Competent Teachers: A New Imperative for Teacher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhao, Yong

2010-01-01

Globalization is one of the most powerful forces that will shape the future world in which our children will live. How to prepare our children to live successfully in this world has become a challenging question for education. This article discusses the challenges globalization presents to education and the implications for teacher education.

Challenges in Applying Indigenous Evaluation Practices in Mainstream Grant Programs to Indigenous Communities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grover, Jane Gray

2008-01-01

How can indigenous evaluators implement culturally competent models in First Nations communities while ensuring that government grant evaluation requirements are met? Through describing the challenges in one tribal community in the United States, this article will discuss how American Indian/Alaska Native substance abuse prevention programs are…

Nonviolent Communication: A Tool for Working with Children Who Have Emotional or Behavioral Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rose, Liz

2006-01-01

The article discusses the use of Marshall Rosenberg's Nonviolent Communication method to teach children who have emotional and behavioral challenges inside the music classroom. The method consists of using direct and nonjudgmental language, expressing feelings and needs, and finally making a request as opposed to a demand.

Integrative Mixed Methods Data Analytic Strategies in Research on School Success in Challenging Circumstances

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jang, Eunice E.; McDougall, Douglas E.; Pollon, Dawn; Herbert, Monique; Russell, Pia

2008-01-01

There are both conceptual and practical challenges in dealing with data from mixed methods research studies. There is a need for discussion about various integrative strategies for mixed methods data analyses. This article illustrates integrative analytic strategies for a mixed methods study focusing on improving urban schools facing challenging…

Capacity Building for School Development: Current Problems and Future Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ho, Dora; Lee, Moosung

2016-01-01

This article offers a theoretical discussion on the current problems and future challenges of school capacity building in early childhood education (ECE), aiming to highlight some key areas for future research. In recent years, there has been a notable policy shift from monitoring quality through inspection to improving quality through school…

Internet-Based Self-Help Career Assessments and Interventions: Challenges and Implications for Evidence-Based Career Counseling

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gati, Itamar; Asulin-Peretz, Lisa

2011-01-01

A major characteristic of the 21st century with significant implications on career decision making is the growing prevalence of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Challenges involving ICT-based self-assessment and self-help interventions aimed at facilitating career decision making are discussed. Specifically, this article focuses…

Challenges of Adolescent Psychology in the European Identity Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lannegrand-Willems, Lyda; Barbot, Baptiste

2015-01-01

In Europe, the question of identity and youth civic engagement constitutes a challenge both for the European Union (EU) and for research on adolescent psychology. In this article, we discuss the European historical context and the current initiatives from the EU that aim to encourage civic engagement among young people. Then, we suggest some…

Commentary and Challenges to Grusec and Davidov's Domain-Specific Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dunn, Judy

2010-01-01

J. E. Grusec and M. Davidov's article (this issue) about domains of parenting and their links with different aspects of childhood outcome raises both interesting questions and challenges. Four of these concerns are discussed in relation to early childhood. First is the issue of bidirectionality. Recent studies highlight the contribution of…

Research for Better Teaching in Pennsylvania Schools 1970-1971. Vol. II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pennsylvania Association of Teacher Educators.

An introductory article and ten research reports are presented. The introductory article, "A Challenge To Implement Research," by Ben J. Wiens, discusses how the Pennsylvania Association of Teacher Educators (PATE) is working to encourage much-needed research. The studies are 1) "A Descriptive Summary of Elementary Student Teaching Programs in…

Democratic School Leadership Reforms in Kenya: Cultural and Historical Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jwan, Julius; Anderson, Lesley; Bennett, Nigel

2010-01-01

In this article we discuss students', teachers' and school principals' perceptions of democratic school leadership reforms in Kenya. The article is based on a study that was conducted in two phases. In phase one (conducted between September and December 2007), interviews were undertaken with 12 school principals in which understandings of…

Prevalence of, and Factors Associated with, Unemployment among Graduates: Evidence from Tanzania

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Amani, Jaquiline

2017-01-01

Unemployment in Tanzania and many other sub-Saharan African countries has remained one of the daunting challenges in these nascent economies. Drawing on secondary sources, this article reviews and analyses the employment barriers Tanzanian graduates face, with a view to discussing possible counter-strategies. The article reveals barriers to…

Challenging Sexism? Gender and Ethnicity in the Secondary School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ohrn, Elisabet

2009-01-01

This article discusses understandings of girls confronting sexism in a Swedish multiethnic urban school. The empirical study includes school observations, conversations and formal group interviews with 15-16-year-old pupils from seven classes in four schools. The article provides an analysis of one of the schools, where the fieldwork showed gender…

Group Work with Survivors of the 2004 Asian Tsunami: Reflections of an American-Trained Counselor

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fernando, Delini M.

2009-01-01

This article describes a support group for Sri Lankan women survivors of the 2004 Asian Tsunami. The article discusses unique leader challenges in doing group work in a diverse and foreign setting, and presents leader reflections, recommendations, and implications for group workers who may work with disaster survivors.

ROCKETS: Soar to Success

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brett, Christine E. W.; O'Merle, Mary Jane; White, Gene

2017-01-01

This article describes ROCKETS, an after-school program for at-risk youth, and how the university students became involved in this service-learning project. The article discusses the steps that were taken to start the program, what is being done to continue the program, and the challenges that faculty have faced. This program is an authentic…

Chinese Open Universities: Opportunities and Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Xiaobin

2017-01-01

Chinese education has a long history, and the Chinese higher education system is the largest in the world, but open universities in China are not at the same level as they are in developed countries. This article provides an overview of the recent development in the open universities system in China. Specifically, the article discusses the…

The Challenge of Post-Normality to Drama Education and Applied Theatre

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andersona, Michael

2014-01-01

This article examines current discourses surrounding the future of education and society more generally. It focuses on Sardar's discussion of "post-normality" to frame discussions around the transformations in society and speculates on how the qualities inherent in drama education and applied theatre might form responses to…

Genuine Inquiry: Widely Espoused Yet Rarely Enacted

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Le Fevre, Deidre M.; Robinson, Viviane M. J.; Sinnema, Claire E. L.

2015-01-01

The concept of inquiry is central to contemporary discussions of teacher and leader professional learning and problem solving in interpersonal contexts. However, while few would debate its value, there has been little discussion of the significant challenges inherent in engaging in genuine inquiry. In this article, we distinguish between genuine…

The STEM Initiative: Constraints and Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herschbach, Dennis R.

2011-01-01

There is considerable national interest in STEM initiatives, but yet there is little discussion concerning what STEM means in terms of a curriculum concept to be applied to school programming. This article focuses on STEM as a curriculum concept. First, STEM programming is discussed in terms of separate subjects, correlated and broad fields…

More than Method?: A Discussion of Paradigm Differences within Mixed Methods Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harrits, Gitte Sommer

2011-01-01

This article challenges the idea that mixed methods research (MMR) constitutes a coherent research paradigm and explores how different research paradigms exist within MMR. Tracing paradigmatic differences at the level of methods, ontology, and epistemology, two MMR strategies are discussed: nested analysis, recently presented by the American…

Research to Practice Connections

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patterson, Margaret Becker

2016-01-01

This article describes outcomes of group discussion sessions that took place as part of the Commission on Adult Basic Education April 2016 conference in Dallas, Texas. Researchers and practitioners in adult education were the primary attendees of the conference. Session topics and points of discussion in this paper include: the challenge of the…

The Vietnam Multicomponent Collaborative Care for Depression Program: Development of Depression Care for Low- and Middle-Income Nations

PubMed Central

Ngo, Victoria K.; Weiss, Bahr; Lam, Trung; Dang, Thanh; Nguyen, Tam; Nguyen, Mai Hien

2014-01-01

In this article, we discuss the Vietnam Multicomponent Collaborative Care for Depression Program, which was designed to provide evidence-based depression care services in low-resource, non-Western settings such as Vietnam. The article provides the program development background; the social, economic, and political context in which the program was developed; and the structure and content of the program and their underlying rationale in the context of rural Vietnam. Although the program was found to be acceptable, feasible, and effective in reducing depression outcomes, we did face challenges in implementation, which are outlined in this article. Key challenges included cultural factors (e.g., a lack of recognition of depression as a health-related entity amenable to professional treatment, relatively low levels of psychological mindedness useful for understanding of psychological interventions) and health system (e.g., lack of mental health specialists, overburdened health providers unfamiliar with behavioral interventions) factors. We discuss the strategies we employed to resolve these challenges and our successes and failures therein. We conclude with recommendations for others interested in implementing similar programs in low- and middle-income countries settings. PMID:25568593

IACUC Review of Nonhuman Primate Research

PubMed Central

Tardif, Suzette D.; Coleman, Kristine; Hobbs, Theodore R.; Lutz, Corrine

2013-01-01

This article will detail some of the issues that must be considered as institutional animal care and use committees (IACUCs) review the use of nonhuman primates (NHPs) in research. As large, intelligent, social, long-lived, and non-domesticated animals, monkeys are amongst the most challenging species used in biomedical research and the duties of the IACUC in relation to reviewing research use of these species can also be challenging. Issues of specific concern for review of NHP research protocols that are discussed in this article include scientific justification, reuse, social housing requirements, amelioration of distress, surgical procedures, and humane endpoints. Clear institutional policies and procedures as regards NHP in these areas are critical, and the discussion of these issues presented here can serve as a basis for the informed establishment of such policies and procedures. PMID:24174445

Has the biobank bubble burst? Withstanding the challenges for sustainable biobanking in the digital era.

PubMed

Chalmers, Don; Nicol, Dianne; Kaye, Jane; Bell, Jessica; Campbell, Alastair V; Ho, Calvin W L; Kato, Kazuto; Minari, Jusaku; Ho, Chih-Hsing; Mitchell, Colin; Molnár-Gábor, Fruzsina; Otlowski, Margaret; Thiel, Daniel; Fullerton, Stephanie M; Whitton, Tess

2016-07-12

Biobanks have been heralded as essential tools for translating biomedical research into practice, driving precision medicine to improve pathways for global healthcare treatment and services. Many nations have established specific governance systems to facilitate research and to address the complex ethical, legal and social challenges that they present, but this has not lead to uniformity across the world. Despite significant progress in responding to the ethical, legal and social implications of biobanking, operational, sustainability and funding challenges continue to emerge. No coherent strategy has yet been identified for addressing them. This has brought into question the overall viability and usefulness of biobanks in light of the significant resources required to keep them running. This review sets out the challenges that the biobanking community has had to overcome since their inception in the early 2000s. The first section provides a brief outline of the diversity in biobank and regulatory architecture in seven countries: Australia, Germany, Japan, Singapore, Taiwan, the UK, and the USA. The article then discusses four waves of responses to biobanking challenges. This article had its genesis in a discussion on biobanks during the Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies (HeLEX) conference in Oxford UK, co-sponsored by the Centre for Law and Genetics (University of Tasmania). This article aims to provide a review of the issues associated with biobank practices and governance, with a view to informing the future course of both large-scale and smaller scale biobanks.

Staying Connected: Sustaining Collaborative Care Models with Limited Funding.

PubMed

Johnston, Brenda J; Peppard, Lora; Newton, Marian

2015-08-01

Providing psychiatric services in the primary care setting is challenging. The multidisciplinary, coordinated approach of collaborative care models (CCMs) addresses these challenges. The purpose of the current article is to discuss the implementation of a CCM at a free medical clinic (FMC) where volunteer staff provide the majority of services. Essential components of CCMs include (a) comprehensive screening and assessment, (b) shared development and communication of care plans among providers and the patient, and (c) care coordination and management. Challenges to implementing and sustaining a CCM at a FMC in Virginia attempting to meet the medical and psychiatric needs of the underserved are addressed. Although the CCM produced favorable outcomes, sustaining the model long-term presented many challenges. Strategies for addressing these challenges are discussed. Copyright 2015, SLACK Incorporated.

Deja Vu? A Response to Schachter.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wardaugh, Ronald

1998-01-01

Responds to a previous article on research in second-language learning, challenging the need for discussion on the promises and problems, and asserting the need to report definitive results. (Author/JL)

Zero: A "None" Number?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anthony, Glenda J.; Walshaw, Margaret A.

2004-01-01

This article discusses the challenges students face in making sense of zero as a number. A range of different student responses to a computation problem involving zero reveal students' different understandings of zero.

Substance misuse prevention and economic analysis: challenges and opportunities regarding international utility.

PubMed

Guyll, Max; Spoth, Richard; Cornish, Marilyn A

2012-01-01

Economic analyses of substance misuse prevention assess the intervention cost necessary to achieve a particular outcome, and thereby provide an additional dimension for evaluating prevention programming. This article reviews several types of economic analysis, considers how they can be applied to substance misuse prevention, and discusses challenges to enhancing their international relevance, particularly their usefulness for informing policy decisions. Important first steps taken to address these challenges are presented, including the disease burden concept and the development of generalized cost-effectiveness, advances that facilitate international policy discussions by providing a common framework for evaluating health care needs and program effects.

Overcoming barriers to addressing education problems with research design: a panel discussion.

PubMed

Yarris, Lalena M; Gruppen, Larry D; Hamstra, Stanley J; Anders Ericsson, K; Cook, David A

2012-12-01

A plenary panel session at the 2012 Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference "Education Research in Emergency Medicine: Opportunities, Challenges, and Strategies for Success" discussed barriers educators face in imagining, designing, and implementing studies to address educational challenges. This proceedings article presents a general approach to getting started in education research. Four examples of studies from the medical education literature that illustrate a distinct way to approach specific research questions are discussed. The study designs used are applicable to a variety of education research problems in emergency medicine (EM). Potential applications of studies are discussed, as well as effects and lessons learned. © 2012 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.

Incorporating Exercise Into the Cancer Treatment Paradigm.

PubMed

Haas, Barbara K; Hermanns, Melinda; Kimmel, Gary

2016-12-01

The benefits of exercise for patients with cancer are well documented. However, exercise is still not a standard of care for this population. Several factors contribute to the lack of exercise prescriptions for patients with cancer, including challenges posed by treatment-related side effects, lack of knowledge among healthcare providers and the laypeople, and inadequate resources. This article reviews the benefits of exercise in general and specifically to patients with cancer, discusses the specific challenges and considerations required in recommending exercise to this population, and provides specific recommendations for healthcare providers to incorporate exercise into treatment plans. Using a case study exemplar, this article discusses the benefits and challenges to exercise while undergoing treatment for cancer and proposes specific solutions and recommendations. Oncology practitioners can provide the opportunity for patients to safely engage in exercise with the appropriate resources and trained personnel using a successful model of delivering exercise to patients undergoing treatment for cancer. Exercise improves quality of life in all patients, including those with advanced-stage cancers and those actively receiving treatment.

Shared Electronic Health Record Systems: Key Legal and Security Challenges.

PubMed

Christiansen, Ellen K; Skipenes, Eva; Hausken, Marie F; Skeie, Svein; Østbye, Truls; Iversen, Marjolein M

2017-11-01

Use of shared electronic health records opens a whole range of new possibilities for flexible and fruitful cooperation among health personnel in different health institutions, to the benefit of the patients. There are, however, unsolved legal and security challenges. The overall aim of this article is to highlight legal and security challenges that should be considered before using shared electronic cooperation platforms and health record systems to avoid legal and security "surprises" subsequent to the implementation. Practical lessons learned from the use of a web-based ulcer record system involving patients, community nurses, GPs, and hospital nurses and doctors in specialist health care are used to illustrate challenges we faced. Discussion of possible legal and security challenges is critical for successful implementation of shared electronic collaboration systems. Key challenges include (1) allocation of responsibility, (2) documentation routines, (3) and integrated or federated access control. We discuss and suggest how challenges of legal and security aspects can be handled. This discussion may be useful for both current and future users, as well as policy makers.

Greenlandic water and sanitation-a context oriented analysis of system challenges towards local sustainable development.

PubMed

Hendriksen, Kåre; Hoffmann, Birgitte

2017-08-28

Today, as Greenland focuses on more economic and cultural autonomy, the continued development of societal infrastructure systems is vital. At the same time, pressure is put on the systems by a lack of financial resources and locally based professional competences as well as new market-based forms of organization. Against this background, the article discusses the challenges facing Greenland's self-rule in relation to further develop the existing water and wastewater systems so that they can contribute to the sustainable development of Greenland. The article reviews the historical development of the water supply and wastewater system. This leads to an analysis of the sectorisation, which in recent decades has reorganized the Greenlandic infrastructures, and of how this process is influencing local sustainable development. The article discusses the socio-economic and human impacts and points to the need for developing the water and sanitation system to support not only hygiene and health, but also local sustainable development.

Killer Apps: Developing Novel Applications That Enhance Team Coordination, Communication, and Effectiveness

PubMed Central

Buengeler, Claudia; Klonek, Florian; Lehmann-Willenbrock, Nale; Morency, Louis-Philippe; Poppe, Ronald

2017-01-01

As part of the Lorentz workshop, “Interdisciplinary Insights into Group and Team Dynamics,” held in Leiden, Netherlands, this article describes how Geeks and Groupies (computer and social scientists) may benefit from interdisciplinary collaboration toward the development of killer apps in team contexts that are meaningful and challenging for both. First, we discuss interaction processes during team meetings as a research topic for both Groupies and Geeks. Second, we highlight teamwork in health care settings as an interdisciplinary research challenge. Third, we discuss how an automated solution for optimal team design could benefit team effectiveness and feed into team-based interventions. Fourth, we discuss team collaboration in massive open online courses as a challenge for both Geeks and Groupies. We argue for the necessary integration of social and computational research insights and approaches. In the hope of inspiring future interdisciplinary collaborations, we develop criteria for evaluating killer apps—including the four proposed here—and discuss future research challenges and opportunities that potentially derive from these developments. PMID:28989264

Killer Apps: Developing Novel Applications That Enhance Team Coordination, Communication, and Effectiveness.

PubMed

Buengeler, Claudia; Klonek, Florian; Lehmann-Willenbrock, Nale; Morency, Louis-Philippe; Poppe, Ronald

2017-10-01

As part of the Lorentz workshop, "Interdisciplinary Insights into Group and Team Dynamics," held in Leiden, Netherlands, this article describes how Geeks and Groupies (computer and social scientists) may benefit from interdisciplinary collaboration toward the development of killer apps in team contexts that are meaningful and challenging for both. First, we discuss interaction processes during team meetings as a research topic for both Groupies and Geeks. Second, we highlight teamwork in health care settings as an interdisciplinary research challenge. Third, we discuss how an automated solution for optimal team design could benefit team effectiveness and feed into team-based interventions. Fourth, we discuss team collaboration in massive open online courses as a challenge for both Geeks and Groupies. We argue for the necessary integration of social and computational research insights and approaches. In the hope of inspiring future interdisciplinary collaborations, we develop criteria for evaluating killer apps-including the four proposed here-and discuss future research challenges and opportunities that potentially derive from these developments.

[Productivity and academic assessment in the Brazilian public health field: challenges for Human and Social Sciences research].

PubMed

Bosi, Maria Lúcia Magalhães

2012-12-01

This article analyzes some challenges for knowledge output in the human and social sciences in the public health field, under the current academic assessment model in Brazil. The article focuses on the qualitative research approach in human and social sciences, analyzing its status in comparison to the other traditions vying for hegemony in the public health field, conjugating the dialogue with the literature, especially the propositions pertaining to the social fields present in the work of Pierre Bourdieu, with elements concerning the field's dynamics, including some empirical data. Challenges identified in the article include hurdles to interdisciplinary dialogue and equity in the production of knowledge, based on recognition of the founding place of human and social sciences in the public health field. The article discusses strategies to reshape the current correlation of forces among centers of knowledge in public health, especially those capable of impacting the committees and agendas that define the accumulation of symbolic and economic capital in the field.

Participant Anonymity in the Internet Age: From Theory to Practice

PubMed Central

Saunders, Benjamin; Kitzinger, Jenny; Kitzinger, Celia

2015-01-01

Qualitative researchers attempting to protect the identities of their research participants now face a multitude of new challenges due to the wealth of information once considered private but now readily accessible online. We will draw on our research with family members of people with severe brain injury to discuss these challenges in relation to three areas: participant engagement with the mass media, the availability of court transcripts online, and participants’ use of social media. We suggest strategies for managing these challenges via disguise, refining informed consent, and discussion with interviewees. In the context of a largely theoretical literature on anonymization, this article offers concrete examples of the dilemmas we faced and will be of illustrative use to other researchers confronting similar challenges. PMID:25866484

Teaching mathematics online in the European Area of Higher Education: an instructor's point of view

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Juan, Angel A.; Steegmann, Cristina; Huertas, Antonia; Martinez, M. Jesus; Simosa, J.

2011-03-01

This article first discusses how information technologies are changing the way knowledge is delivered at universities worldwide. Then, the article reviews some of the most popular learning management systems available today and some of the most useful online resources in the areas of Mathematics and Statistics. After that, some long-term experiences regarding the teaching of online courses in those areas at the Open University of Catalonia are discussed. Finally, the article presents the results of a large-scale survey performed in Spain that aims to reflect instructors' opinions and feelings about potential benefits and challenges of teaching mathematics online, as well as the role of emergent technologies in the context of the European Area of Higher Education. Therefore, this article contributes to the existing literature as an additional reference point, one based on our long-term experience in a large-scale online environment, for discussions involving mathematical e-learning.

Learning under the Cross: Legal Challenges to "Cultural-Religious Symbolism" in Public Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arthur, James

2008-01-01

This article examines the nature and scope of the legal challenges mounted against religious symbolism in European public schools. It discusses religion in education and the relationship between Church and State in European societies. The European Court is defining what counts as a religious symbol through a secular lens and while the court…

The House on the Hill Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roman, Harry T.

2011-01-01

In this article, the author suggests a classroom challenge that will engage students in designing a house on the hill. He suggests teachers ask a local builder to come to the school to discuss the kinds of concerns that must be dealt with when building homes in cold environments. The use of dioramas and cardboard scale models would be very useful…

Common Challenges for Instructors in Large Online Courses: Strategies to Mitigate Student and Instructor Frustration

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trammell, Beth A.; LaForge, Chera

2017-01-01

Teaching in the online classroom is becoming commonplace for instructors as universities seek to grow enrollments and tap into unexplored markets. Many instructors, however, are often unprepared for the nuances of distance education and apprehensive about making the transition to online learning. This article aims to discuss common challenges for…

Using Participatory Action Research To Evaluate Programs Serving People with Severe Disabilities: Reflections from the Field.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stevens, Karen A.; Folchman, Ruth

1998-01-01

This article discusses challenges in using participatory action research (PAR) in the evaluation of programs that provide services and supports to people with severe disabilities. Challenges include the need for modification of the model, time constraints, issues around power and position, and inclusion of individuals with severe disabilities.…

Characteristics of and Challenges for Advisors within a Privatized Extension System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knuth, Ulrike; Knierim, Andrea

2013-01-01

Purpose: The aim of this article is to provide evidence on the consequences of the privatization process in Brandenburg with a focus on the agricultural advisors' situation. Before the background of future European Union (EU) expectations on Farm Advisory Systems (FAS), their capacities and competences to respond to such challenges are discussed.…

In Search of the Wild Things: The Choice, Voice, and Challenge (CVC) Model for Creative Instruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perkins, Emma Gillespie; Carter, Mary C.

2011-01-01

This article discusses the Choice, Voice, and Challenge (CVC) Instruction, an instructional model that encourages creativity or "wild things". CVC Instruction defines ways in which classroom teachers may provide vehicles for their students' mental journeys that can lead to creative and imaginative actions and outcomes. The CVC model provides a…

Ten Sins Challenging Education in the Contemporary Global Era: A Philosophical Essay

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sinagatullin, Ilghiz M.

2004-01-01

According to this author, the modern epoch is characterized by a decrease of vital spirituality and an increase of materialistic values and virtues. This article discusses what the author views as the ten sins challenging education in the contemporary global era. These are: (1) the shrinking of spiritual values; (2) corruption; (3) sexual…

Addressing the Challenges and Needs of English-Speaking Caribbean Immigrant Students: Guidelines for School Counselors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morrison, Stephaney; Bryan, Julia

2014-01-01

Caribbean students are among the distinct immigrant groups in U.S. public schools with particular needs to be addressed by school counselors. This article discusses the challenges Caribbean immigrant students face that create obstacles to their academic and personal/social success. Guidelines for school counselors are outlined, which can be used…

What Causes Reliance on English? Challenges and Instructional Suggestions in a Drive for Using a Target Language Only

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bae, Gyseon; Kim, Eunju

2008-01-01

Given the raised graduation requirement of the proficiency Enhancement Program (PEP) to attain proficiency levels of "2+," "2+," and "2," the importance of target language use has been highly emphasized across language schools at Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center (DLIFLC). This article discusses some of the challenges associated…

Strategies for Post-Primary Education in Small Island Developing States (SIDS): Lessons from Cape Verde

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Atchoarena, David; Da Graca, Patricia Dias; Marquez, Jose Manuel

2008-01-01

This article addresses the context and challenges of small island developing states, focusing particularly on Cape Verde. After a general discussion of the characteristics of small island developing states, several development challenges such as poverty, unemployment and migratory issues specific to Cape Verde are evoked. Despite a period of…

Data Curation Is for Everyone! The Case for Master's and Baccalaureate Institutional Engagement with Data Curation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shorish, Yasmeen

2012-01-01

This article describes the fundamental challenges to data curation, how these challenges may be compounded for smaller institutions, and how data management is an essential and manageable component of data curation. Data curation is often discussed within the confines of large research universities. As a result, master's and baccalaureate…

Using Personnel and Financial Data for Reporting Purposes: What Are the Challenges to Using Such Data Accurately?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Valcik, Nicolas A.; Stigdon, Andrea D.

2008-01-01

Although institutional researchers devote a great deal of time mining and using student data to fulfill mandatory federal and state reports and analyze institutional effectiveness, financial and personnel information is also necessary for such endeavors. In this article, the authors discuss the challenges that arise from extracting data from…

New Challenges in the Governance of Catalan Public Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Castro, Diego; Ion, Georgeta

2011-01-01

This article presents the results of a study of the principal issues involved in the governance of public universities in Catalonia. It was based on four stylised dilemmas that were drawn up to facilitate an understanding of the challenges facing university governance reforms. This paper discusses each of these dilemmas in the Catalan context and…

Teaching about Heterosexism: Challenging Homophobia in South Africa

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Francis, Dennis; Msibi, Thabo

2011-01-01

This article, a critical review of a module on heterosexism and homophobia, sets out the challenges to be overcome if the oppressive conditions for lesbian, gay, and bisexual students and teachers in South Africa are to be changed. It draws on evidence from student assignments, records of participatory discussions and the notes of the authors, who…

Challenges in Disseminating Model Programs: A Qualitative Analysis of the Strengthening Washington DC Families Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fox, Danielle Polizzi; Gottfredson, Denise C.; Kumpfer, Karol K.; Beatty, Penny D.

2004-01-01

This article discusses the challenges faced when a popular model program, the Strengthening Families Program, which in the past has been implemented on a smaller scale in single organizations, moves to a larger, multiorganization endeavor. On the basis of 42 interviews conducted with program staff, the results highlight two main themes that…

The End of Innocence: Historiography and Representation in the Discursive Practice of LD

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Artiles, Alfredo J.

2004-01-01

In this article, I discuss two interrelated sets of challenges that the discursive practice of learning disability (LD) will need to address, namely, issues associated with the development of a historiography of special education and a more complex understanding of representation issues. I use social theory to address these challenges and raise…

Addressing the Rural Context in Literacies Research: A Call to Action

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Azano, Amy Price

2015-01-01

The article features a discussion about rural contexts in literacy research. Rural students compose a significant portion of K-12 students, and rural schools have unique challenges, such as limited funding and resources. However, as a field of literacy researchers, we do not privilege place equitably across multiple contexts. The article serves as…

Montessori Secondary Schools: Preparing Today's Adolescents for the Challenges of Tomorrow

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKenzie, Ginger Kelley

2007-01-01

They are adolescents--and those who work with them must understand them, connect with them, and make learning relevant to their lives. This article looks at recent theories and educational practices identified as appropriate for supporting the educational learning experiences of students ages 12 to 15. In this article, the author also discusses,…

Challenging Assumptions: Mobile Learning for Mathematics Project in South Africa

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, Nicky; Vanska, Riitta

2011-01-01

This article introduces the Nokia Mobile Learning for Mathematics Project in South Africa, which made use of mobile technology to support mathematics learning at 30 public secondary schools. It draws on the evaluation of this project from January to June 2010. The article discusses learner access to mobile devices, learner and teacher uptake and…

Teaching Intercultural Communication in a Basic Technical Writing Course: A Survey of Our Current Practices and Methods

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Matveeva, Natalia

2008-01-01

This research article reports the results of an online survey distributed among technical writing instructors in 2006. The survey aimed to examine how we teach intercultural communication in basic technical writing courses: our current practices and methods. The article discusses three major challenges that instructors may face when teaching about…

Learning the Way: Teaching and Learning with and for Youth from Refugee Backgrounds on Prince Edward Island

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

MacNevin, Joanne

2012-01-01

This article presents one component of a qualitative study that explored teaching and learning with and for youth from refugee backgrounds in Prince Edward Island (PEI) intermediate and high schools. Specifically, this article presents data and discussion regarding some of the challenges and professional development needs of teachers working with…

Expanding the Conversation: Further Explorations into Indigenous Environmental Science Education Theory, Research, and Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lowan, Greg

2012-01-01

Indigenous environmental science education is a diverse, dynamic, and rapidly expanding field of research, theory, and practice. This article highlights, challenges, and expands upon key areas of discussion presented by Mack et al. (Cult Stud Sci Educ 7, "2012") as part of the forum on their article "Effective Practices for Creating…

Learning from Mistakes and Moving Forward in Intercultural Research with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McLennan, Vanette; Woods, Glenn

2018-01-01

The ongoing challenges in equitable research involving Indigenous peoples and their communities and ways to overcome these are discussed in this article. Central to this article is the narrative reflection of a non-Indigenous researcher following research on Indigenous spirituality, well-being and resilience in the Yaegl community of northern New…

The E-Portfolio Continuum: Discovering Variables for E-Portfolio Adoption within Music Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, John; Dunbar-Hall, Peter; Rowley, Jennifer

2012-01-01

This article presents the results of audit data compiled from a case study introducing e-portfolios into a Music Education degree program, and highlights the key challenges faced from the initial stages of student use to curricular embedding and student adoption. This article discusses the technological, social and educational impacts inherent in…

"The Role of the Unit in Physics and Psychometrics": A Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dunne, Timothy T.

2011-01-01

The challenge for a discussant of the Humphry article in this issue is that the profundity of the simple insights of the article, and the lucid arguments by which the insights are sustained, might be easily overlooked, undervalued, or misconstrued. At the risk of repeating major inferences already presented, one may note that the article…

Social Media: Portrait of an Emerging Tool in Medical Education.

PubMed

Roy, Durga; Taylor, Jacob; Cheston, Christine C; Flickinger, Tabor E; Chisolm, Margaret S

2016-02-01

The authors compare the prevalence of challenges and opportunities in commentaries and descriptive accounts versus evaluative studies of social media use in medical education. A previously published report of social media use in medical education provided an in-depth discussion of 14 evaluative studies, a small subset of the total number of 99 articles on this topic. This study used the full set of articles identified by that review, including the 58 commentaries and 27 descriptive accounts which had not been previously reported, to provide a glimpse into how emerging tools in medical education are initially perceived. Each commentary, descriptive account, and evaluative study was identified and compared on various characteristics, including discussion themes regarding the challenges and opportunities of social media use in medical education. Themes related to the challenges of social media use in medical education were more prevalent in commentaries and descriptive accounts than in evaluative studies. The potential of social media to affect medical professionalism adversely was the most commonly discussed challenge in the commentaries (53%) and descriptive accounts (63%) in comparison to technical issues related to implementation in the evaluative studies (50%). Results suggest that the early body of literature on social media use in medical education-like that of previous innovative education tools-comprises primarily commentaries and descriptive accounts that focus more on the challenges of social media than on potential opportunities. These results place social media tools in historical context and lay the groundwork for expanding on this novel approach to medical education.

3D Holographic Technology and Its Educational Potential

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Hyangsook

2013-01-01

This article discusses a number of significant developments in 3D holographic technology, its potential to revolutionize aspects of teaching and learning, and challenges of implementing the technology in educational settings.

Advancing High-Quality Preschool Inclusion: A Discussion and Recommendations for the Field

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barton, Erin E.; Smith, Barbara J.

2015-01-01

Although considerable progress has been achieved regarding the research and laws supporting preschool inclusion, access to inclusive preschool environments remains intangible for many children with disabilities in the United States. The purpose of this article is to discuss current challenges and solutions to high-quality preschool inclusion. We…

Bridging Theory and Practice in Norwegian Teacher Education through Action Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Husebo, Dag

2012-01-01

Handling the relationship between theory and practice is seemingly an endless challenge in Norwegian teacher education, and bridging theory and practice is highlighted whenever discussions about improvement of teacher education are raised. This article contributes to this discussion by shedding new light on the relationship through an analysis of…

Professional Development of Mathematics Teachers Implementing Probabilistic Simulations in Elementary School Classrooms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Oliveira Souza, Leandro; Lopes, Celi Espasandin; de Oliveira Mendonça, Luzinete

2014-01-01

The inclusion of statistics and probability in the mathematics curriculum has always generated challenges to mathematics teachers of elementary schools. This article discusses activities that promote the professional development of such teachers. We present part of a doctoral research study of 16 teachers in which we discuss two case studies of…

Critical Issues in Education Facilities and Business

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Agron, Joe

2006-01-01

This article presents a roundtable discussion by a panel of professionals--Carl Larson, Scott E. Little, James Reny, and Roger Young. They share creative solutions to many of the facilities and business operations challenges faced by education institutions nationwide. Among the issues discussed is the effect of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) on…

Mediation Analysis in a Latent Growth Curve Modeling Framework

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

von Soest, Tilmann; Hagtvet, Knut A.

2011-01-01

This article presents several longitudinal mediation models in the framework of latent growth curve modeling and provides a detailed account of how such models can be constructed. Logical and statistical challenges that might arise when such analyses are conducted are also discussed. Specifically, we discuss how the initial status (intercept) and…

The Strip-of-Grass Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roman, Harry T.

2016-01-01

This brief article discusses various ways to use the grassy strip of land extending about three feet between the sidewalk and the street curb in many cities and neighborhoods. Next, it discusses the potential impact of different uses of this space on things like: people disembarking from their cars, clearance to existing fire hydrants, and town…

Access to a Schoolwide Thinking Curriculum: Leadership Challenges and Solutions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morocco, Catherine Cobb; Walker, Andrea; Lewis, Leslie R.

2003-01-01

This article discusses how an urban middle school designed to reflect a Schools for Thought model has demonstrated that urban schools can achieve excellent results on statewide testing for all students, including those with disabilities. Key school features are highlighted, including the use of "cross-talk" to stimulate discussion and student…

Is Contextualised Admission the Answer to the Access Challenge?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mountford-Zimdars, Anna; Moore, Joanne; Graham, Janet

2016-01-01

This article reviews the idea of contextualising applicants to higher education in order to widen access. First, the meaning of contextualised admissions (CAs) is discussed before laying out the rationale for contextualising applicants and the beneficiaries of the policy. The final sections discuss key critiques of CA and conclude by arguing that…

Time Constraints in the School Environment: What Does a Sleepy Student Tell Us?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Menna-Barreto, Luiz; Wey, Daniela

2008-01-01

In this article, we discuss school schedules and their implications in the context of chronobiological contemporary knowledge, arguing for the need to reconsider time planning in the school setting. We present anecdotal observations regarding chronobiological challenges imposed by the school system throughout different ages and discuss the effects…

Health information technology and the idea of informed consent.

PubMed

Goldstein, Melissa M

2010-01-01

During this early stage of HIT adoption, it is critical that we engage in discussions regarding informed consent's proper role in a health care environment in which electronic information sharing holds primary importance. This article discusses current implementation of the doctrine within health information exchange networks; the relationship between informed consent and privacy; the variety of ways that the concept is referenced in discussions of information sharing; and challenges that surround incorporation of the doctrine into the evolving HIT environment. The article concludes by reviewing the purpose behind the traditional obligation to obtain informed consent and the possibility of maintaining its relevance in the new environment.

Poverty and development: pulling forces and the challenges for nursing in Africa.

PubMed

Klopper, Hester C

2007-12-01

In September 2000 the United Nations Millennium Declaration was adopted and endorsed by 189 countries, translating into eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to be reached by 2015. At the midpoint between the MDG adoption in 2000 and the 2015 target date for achieving the goals, Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is not on track to achieve their MDGs. Poverty and development are pulling forces and impact on the ability to achieve the MDGs in SSA, thus the main purpose of this article is to participate in the debate concerning the global theme of poverty and development and the challenges for the nursing profession. In this article the concepts of poverty and development are explored, and the existing trends with specific reference to SSA are investigated. An evaluation of the present status of SSA in reaching the MDG's is examined and the article concludes with a discussion of the challenges for nursing in Africa.

A Systematic Review of Mobile Health Technology Use in Developing Countries.

PubMed

Alghamdi, Manal; Gashgari, Horeya; Househ, Mowafa

2015-01-01

In developing countries, patients are now more informed about their healthcare options as a result of their use of mobile health (mHealth) technologies. The purpose of this paper is to describe the opportunities and challenges in using mHealth technologies for developing countries. In April 2015, Google Scholar and PubMed were searched to identify articles discussing the types, advantages and disadvantages, effectiveness, evaluation of mHealth technologies, and examples of mHealth implementation in developing countries. A total number of 3,803 articles were retrieved from both databases. Articles reporting the benefits and risks, effectiveness, and evaluation of mHealth were included. Articles that were written in English and from developing countries were also included. We excluded papers that were published before 2005, not written in English, and that were technical in nature. After screening the articles using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 27 articles were selected for inclusion in the study. Of the 27 papers included in the review, eight described opportunities and challenges relating to mHealth, four focused on smoking cessation, three focused on weight loss, and four papers focused on chronic diseases. We also identified four articles discussing mHealth evaluation and four discussing the use of mHealth as a health promotion tool. We conclude that mHealth can improve healthcare delivery for developing countries. Some of the advantages of mHealth include: patient education, health promotion, disease self-management, decrease in healthcare costs, and remote monitoring of patients. However, there are several limitations in using mHealth technologies for developing countries, which include: interoperability, lack of evaluation standards, and lack of a technology infrastructure.

Research News: Are VLSI Microcircuits Too Hard to Design?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robinson, Arthur L.

1980-01-01

This research news article on microelectronics discusses the scientific challenge the integrated circuit industry will have in the next decade, for designing the complicated microcircuits made possible by advancing miniaturization technology. (HM)

The Rhetoric of "The Rhetoric of Whole Language."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cambourne, Brian

1994-01-01

Responds to an article in the same journal on the rhetoric of whole language. Challenges issues of representation, motives involved, and the small unrepresentative sample involved. Discusses the rhetoric of camouflage. (SR)

Designing to Meet New Requirements of Differing Services.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mathers, Andrew S.

1982-01-01

Characterizing "older library buildings" as those built prior to 1960, this article discusses special problems and challenges for the librarian and architect renovator, including building codes and new requirements of differing services. (EJS)

Chemical, Electrical, and Radiation Injuries.

PubMed

Friedstat, Jonathan; Brown, David A; Levi, Benjamin

2017-07-01

This article reviews the unique challenges presented by chemical, electrical, and radiation injuries. The authors discuss pathophysiology and diagnosis of these injuries and provide recommendations for management. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

An update on pharmaceutical film coating for drug delivery.

PubMed

Felton, Linda A; Porter, Stuart C

2013-04-01

Pharmaceutical coating processes have generally been transformed from what was essentially an art form in the mid-twentieth century to a much more technology-driven process. This review article provides a basic overview of current film coating processes, including a discussion on polymer selection, coating formulation additives and processing equipment. Substrate considerations for pharmaceutical coating processes are also presented. While polymeric coating operations are commonplace in the pharmaceutical industry, film coating processes are still not fully understood, which presents serious challenges with current regulatory requirements. Novel analytical technologies and various modeling techniques that are being used to better understand film coating processes are discussed. This review article also examines the challenges of implementing process analytical technologies in coating operations, active pharmaceutical ingredients in polymer film coatings, the use of high-solids coating systems and continuous coating and other novel coating application methods.

Navigating in the turbulent sea of data: the quality measurement journey.

PubMed

Lloyd, Robert C

2010-03-01

This article provides a roadmap for your quality measurement journey. It begins with a discussion of 3 approaches to measurement (improvement, accountability and research) and challenges readers to be clear about why they are measuring. Key milestones along the quality measurement journey are then presented and a framework for selecting measures, developing clear operational definitions, building data collection plans, and understanding the variation that exists in data is outlined. The article ends with a discussion of why data need to be linked to improvement strategies. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Practical Issues of Conducting a Q Methodology Study: Lessons Learned From a Cross-cultural Study.

PubMed

Stone, Teresa Elizabeth; Maguire, Jane; Kang, Sook Jung; Cha, Chiyoung

This article advances nursing research by presenting the methodological challenges experienced in conducting a multination Q-methodology study. This article critically analyzes the relevance of the methodology for cross-cultural and nursing research and the challenges that led to specific responses by the investigators. The use of focus groups with key stakeholders supplemented the Q-analysis results. The authors discuss practical issues and shared innovative approaches and provide best-practice suggestions on the use of this flexible methodology. Q methodology has the versatility to explore complexities of contemporary nursing practice and cross-cultural health research.

Forum on stigma, discrimination, and health: policies and research challenges. Introduction.

PubMed

Monteiro, Simone; Villela, Wilza Vieira

2012-01-01

This introduction outlines the Forum on stigma, discrimination, and health: policies and research challenges, including four articles and a final commentary. The first article reviews the development of international research on the relationship between discrimination and health. The second analyzes the recent Brazilian research output on AIDS, stigma, and discrimination. The third article addresses conceptual and methodological aspects of the relations between discrimination and health from an epidemiological perspective. The forth examines the process of affirming sexual rights in Brazil, involving the judiciary system, public policies, and the executive and legislative branches of government, among others. The fifth paper presents comments and questions on the contents discussed in the first four articles. The reflections aim to provide conceptual and methodological contributions for research and health policies on stigma and discrimination, given the gaps identified in the international and Brazilian literature.

Challenges and Developments in the Assessment of (Mal)adaptive Personality and Pathological States in Older Adults.

PubMed

Rossi, Gina; Videler, Arjan; van Alphen, S P J

2018-04-01

Since older adults often show an atypical presentation of (mal)adaptive personality traits and pathological states, the articles in this special issue will concisely discuss some perennial issues in clinical assessment in older adults and thus outline the main challenges this domain faces. By bringing empirical work and meta-analytic studies from leading scholars in the field of geropsychology, the articles will also address these challenges by reporting the latest developments in the field. This way, we hope to reshape the way clinicians and researchers assess (mal)adaptive personality and pathological states in older adults into a more reliable and valid assessment method that integrates the specific biopsychosocial context of older age.

Individual Therapy With a Child of Divorced Parents.

PubMed

Jordan, Pauline H

2016-05-01

This article reviews the literature on divorce as a risk factor in children's psychological development; describes common themes expressed by children presenting in treatment; and highlights the unique challenges for the child therapist working with a child of divorce, particularly those with high parental conflict and court involvement. Then, using a case example, the article describes therapeutic strategies and a treatment structure that, consistent with the ethical guidelines of the American Psychological Association (2010), focuses on developing and maintaining the therapeutic relationship to support the psychological growth of the child. Finally, the article discusses the ethical challenges inherent in providing therapeutic intervention for this type of child and the implications for this type of therapeutic approach. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Nanocuration workflows: Establishing best practices for identifying, inputting, and sharing data to inform decisions on nanomaterials

PubMed Central

Powers, Christina M; Mills, Karmann A; Morris, Stephanie A; Klaessig, Fred; Gaheen, Sharon; Lewinski, Nastassja

2015-01-01

Summary There is a critical opportunity in the field of nanoscience to compare and integrate information across diverse fields of study through informatics (i.e., nanoinformatics). This paper is one in a series of articles on the data curation process in nanoinformatics (nanocuration). Other articles in this series discuss key aspects of nanocuration (temporal metadata, data completeness, database integration), while the focus of this article is on the nanocuration workflow, or the process of identifying, inputting, and reviewing nanomaterial data in a data repository. In particular, the article discusses: 1) the rationale and importance of a defined workflow in nanocuration, 2) the influence of organizational goals or purpose on the workflow, 3) established workflow practices in other fields, 4) current workflow practices in nanocuration, 5) key challenges for workflows in emerging fields like nanomaterials, 6) examples to make these challenges more tangible, and 7) recommendations to address the identified challenges. Throughout the article, there is an emphasis on illustrating key concepts and current practices in the field. Data on current practices in the field are from a group of stakeholders active in nanocuration. In general, the development of workflows for nanocuration is nascent, with few individuals formally trained in data curation or utilizing available nanocuration resources (e.g., ISA-TAB-Nano). Additional emphasis on the potential benefits of cultivating nanomaterial data via nanocuration processes (e.g., capability to analyze data from across research groups) and providing nanocuration resources (e.g., training) will likely prove crucial for the wider application of nanocuration workflows in the scientific community. PMID:26425437

Debate-Proof Grades: Experiences and Challenges of Using a Grading Rubric in a Social Welfare Policy Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adedoyin, Christson A.

2013-01-01

This article discusses the experiences and challenges of a graduate teaching assistant in using a grading rubric in a social welfare policy course. Using a grading rubric as a debate-proof strategy against the grade entitlement of students is expatiated. In addition, the benefits of using grading rubrics to achieve CSWE/EPAS competency…

Feminist Perceptions and the Challenges for Women's Education in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia in the 21st Century

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bawazeer, Khadijah

2015-01-01

This article aims to contribute to the ongoing discussion about women's education. Conflicting discourses, regarding the positions of women as student learners, create an educational challenge that faces the GCC countries in the 21st century. This study explores the prevalent feminist positions in Jeddah in Saudi Arabia and presents the findings…

Exploring New Conceptualisations of Old Problems: Researching and Reorienting Teaching in Indigenous Studies to Transform Student Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Page, Susan

2014-01-01

Indigenous Studies can be both exciting and challenging for teachers and students. This article will examine how an existing learning theory can be harnessed to help teachers better understand these challenges and manage some frequently seen student behaviours. Much of the discussion in Indigenous Studies pedagogy to date has focused on the…

Challenges in measuring and valuing productivity costs, and their relevance in mood disorders

PubMed Central

Lensberg, Benedikte R; Drummond, Michael F; Danchenko, Natalya; Despiégel, Nicolas; François, Clément

2013-01-01

Lost productivity is often excluded from economic evaluations, which may lead to an underestimation of the societal benefits of treatment. However, there are multiple challenges in reliably estimating and reporting productivity losses. This article explores the main challenges, ie, selecting an appropriate valuation method (ie, human capital, friction cost, or multiplier), avoiding double counting, and accounting for equity. It also discusses the use of presenteeism instruments and their application in clinical trials, with a specific focus on their relevance in individuals with mood disorders. Further research and discussion is required on the development of reliable techniques for measuring and valuing productivity changes due to presenteeism. PMID:24273412

White Fatigue: Naming the Challenge in Moving from an Individual to a Systemic Understanding of Racism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flynn, Joseph E.

2015-01-01

This article introduces the notion White fatigue. White fatigue occurs for White students who have grown tired of learning and discussing race and racism, despite an understanding of the moral imperative of anti-racist and anti-oppressive practices. The article differentiates White fatigue from ideas like White resistance, White guilt, or White…

The competitive health care marketplace: bringing new challenges to a changing field.

PubMed

Jeppson, D H

1986-07-01

This article, in response to Dr. Weil's article (beginning on page 4), explores the changing health care industry from a different perspective. Stressed here is the need fro hospitals to join an integrated regional network of providers. Also discussed is the responsibility of not-for-profit hospitals to provide indigent care, despite the trend toward prepaid, discounted health plans.

How to Make the Small Indigenous Cultures Bloom? Special Traits of Sami Education in Finland

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keskitalo, Pigga; Uusiautti, Satu; Maatta, Kaarina

2012-01-01

This article discusses smallness from the point of view of the Sami, an indigenous people of the Arctic, and describes today's Sami education in Finland, the factors that have affected its formation and the challenges in strengthening it. The purpose of the article is to provide ideas to develop Sami education and encourage discovering methods…

Developing an Identity as an EdD Leader: A Reflexive Narrative Account

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tupling, Claire L.; Outhwaite, Deborah

2017-01-01

This article considers the challenges encountered by a recently appointed assistant programme leader in establishing an identity as a leader of an EdD programme. In discussing literature on the development of the EdD, the article recognizes an existing concern with student identity but highlights a need to consider the development of the EdD…

Partners in public health law: elected officials, health directors, and attorneys.

PubMed

Benjamin, Georges; Lopez, Wilfredo; Monson, Angela Zoe

2002-01-01

The partnership that has developed over the years between elected officials, health directors, and attorneys came about through necessity and practicality. This article examines this partnership and some of the conflicts and problems it contains. The article discusses the problems of overlap of authority between public health departments and elected officials. It also emphasizes that existing laws and regulations often provide sufficiently flexible authority, and that such laws and regulations can be exercised in new ways to address current public health problems. The article concludes with a discussion of the challenges faced by public health officials and legislators in forming a partnership to secure necessary financial support and legal authority for public health activities.

The Top 10 Challenges in Extreme-Scale Visual Analytics

PubMed Central

Wong, Pak Chung; Shen, Han-Wei; Johnson, Christopher R.; Chen, Chaomei; Ross, Robert B.

2013-01-01

In this issue of CG&A, researchers share their R&D findings and results on applying visual analytics (VA) to extreme-scale data. Having surveyed these articles and other R&D in this field, we’ve identified what we consider the top challenges of extreme-scale VA. To cater to the magazine’s diverse readership, our discussion evaluates challenges in all areas of the field, including algorithms, hardware, software, engineering, and social issues. PMID:24489426

Implementation of genomics research in Africa: challenges and recommendations

PubMed Central

Adebamowo, Sally N.; Francis, Veronica; Tambo, Ernest; Diallo, Seybou H.; Landouré, Guida; Nembaware, Victoria; Dareng, Eileen; Muhamed, Babu; Odutola, Michael; Akeredolu, Teniola; Nerima, Barbara; Ozumba, Petronilla J.; Mbhele, Slee; Ghanash, Anita; Wachinou, Ablo P.; Ngomi, Nicholas

2018-01-01

ABSTRACT Background: There is exponential growth in the interest and implementation of genomics research in Africa. This growth has been facilitated by the Human Hereditary and Health in Africa (H3Africa) initiative, which aims to promote a contemporary research approach to the study of genomics and environmental determinants of common diseases in African populations. Objective: The purpose of this article is to describe important challenges affecting genomics research implementation in Africa. Methods: The observations, challenges and recommendations presented in this article were obtained through discussions by African scientists at teleconferences and face-to-face meetings, seminars at consortium conferences and in-depth individual discussions. Results: Challenges affecting genomics research implementation in Africa, which are related to limited resources include ill-equipped facilities, poor accessibility to research centers, lack of expertise and an enabling environment for research activities in local hospitals. Challenges related to the research study include delayed funding, extensive procedures and interventions requiring multiple visits, delays setting up research teams and insufficient staff training, language barriers and an underappreciation of cultural norms. While many African countries are struggling to initiate genomics projects, others have set up genomics research facilities that meet international standards. Conclusions: The lessons learned in implementing successful genomics projects in Africa are recommended as strategies to overcome these challenges. These recommendations may guide the development and application of new research programs in low-resource settings. PMID:29336236

Implementation of genomics research in Africa: challenges and recommendations.

PubMed

Adebamowo, Sally N; Francis, Veronica; Tambo, Ernest; Diallo, Seybou H; Landouré, Guida; Nembaware, Victoria; Dareng, Eileen; Muhamed, Babu; Odutola, Michael; Akeredolu, Teniola; Nerima, Barbara; Ozumba, Petronilla J; Mbhele, Slee; Ghanash, Anita; Wachinou, Ablo P; Ngomi, Nicholas

2018-01-01

There is exponential growth in the interest and implementation of genomics research in Africa. This growth has been facilitated by the Human Hereditary and Health in Africa (H3Africa) initiative, which aims to promote a contemporary research approach to the study of genomics and environmental determinants of common diseases in African populations. The purpose of this article is to describe important challenges affecting genomics research implementation in Africa. The observations, challenges and recommendations presented in this article were obtained through discussions by African scientists at teleconferences and face-to-face meetings, seminars at consortium conferences and in-depth individual discussions. Challenges affecting genomics research implementation in Africa, which are related to limited resources include ill-equipped facilities, poor accessibility to research centers, lack of expertise and an enabling environment for research activities in local hospitals. Challenges related to the research study include delayed funding, extensive procedures and interventions requiring multiple visits, delays setting up research teams and insufficient staff training, language barriers and an underappreciation of cultural norms. While many African countries are struggling to initiate genomics projects, others have set up genomics research facilities that meet international standards. The lessons learned in implementing successful genomics projects in Africa are recommended as strategies to overcome these challenges. These recommendations may guide the development and application of new research programs in low-resource settings.

Family Activities for Fitness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grosse, Susan J.

2009-01-01

This article discusses how families can increase family togetherness and improve physical fitness. The author provides easy ways to implement family friendly activities for improving and maintaining physical health. These activities include: walking, backyard games, and fitness challenges.

Educators as Authors: Teaching beyond the Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McLennan, Deanna Marie Pecaski

2013-01-01

This article discusses why educators might consider writing and submitting papers for consideration of publication in professional journals and magazines. A general overview of teachers' challenges to the writing process and corresponding responses is provided.

Finance Program, Technical Assistance Brief 1

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1993-01-01

This four page pamphlet highlights the work of the Federal Transit : Administration's Office of Technical Assistance and Safety. Articles in this : issue are: Transit's Finance Challenge, which discusses the three main aspects : of the Office's Finan...

Read, Listen, and Watch: Media Resources for Conversing about Race

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keith, Anthony R., Jr.

2009-01-01

Facilitating discussions about race can be challenging for even the most experienced educator. In this article, the author provides a framework for using multimedia resources to guide student reflection and discussion on race. He suggests three types of media resources that educators can use to engage students in dialogues on race. For each of…

The Web of Reclassification for English Language Learners--A Cyclical Journey Waiting to Be Interrupted: Discussion of Realities, Challenges, and Opportunities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Okhremtchouk, I.; Levine-Smith, J.; Clark, Adam T.

2018-01-01

In this article we unpack the obstacles and opportunities associated with language minority student classification practices and, more specifically, English language learners' reclassification to fluent proficient status. First, we discuss classification permanency for language minority students. Second, we provide an overview of national…

Painful Shoulder in Swimmers: A Diagnostic Challenge.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McMaster, William C.

1986-01-01

This article discusses the incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of painful shoulder in swimmers, including: regional problems that can cause shoulder pain; physical, clinical, and laboratory tests for diagnostic use; and approaches to management of the problem. (Author/CB)

Open access to scientific articles: a review of benefits and challenges.

PubMed

Björk, Bo-Christer

2017-03-01

The Internet has fundamentally changed the publishing of scholarly peer reviewed journals, and the way readers find and access articles. Digital access is nowadays the norm, in particular for researchers. The Internet has enabled a totally new business model, Open Access (OA), in which an article is openly available in full text for anyone with Internet access. This article reviews the different options to achieve this, whether by journals changing their revenue structures from subscription to publishing charges, or authors utilizing a number of options for posting OA versions of article manuscripts in repositories. It also discusses the regrettable emergence of "predatory" publishers, who spam academics, and make money by promising them rapid publication with only the semblance of peer review. The situation is further discussed from the viewpoints of different stakeholders, including academics as authors and readers, practicing physicians and the general public.

″The Anthropocene″, Ecosystem Management, and Environmental Virtue.

PubMed

Sandler, Ronald

2016-01-01

*Portions of this article are drawn from: Sandler, R. Environmental Ethics: Theory in Practice, Oxford University Press, New York, in press. In this article I consider contrasting views on the implications of rapid, macroscale anthropogenic change for environmental ethics, particularly ecosystem management, species conservation, and environmental virtue. I begin by reviewing the Anthropocene debate, which has become a primary point of discourse on whether we ought to embrace a more interventionist stance regarding ecosystem management and species conservation. I then discuss the challenges posed by rapid ecological change to predominant ecosystem management and species conservation practices. I argue that these challenges not withstanding, we ought not go all in on interventionist management, even as novel conservation and management techniques can be justified in particular cases. It is possible to adopt a more forward looking normative stance, without licensing robust interventionism. Finally, I discuss the implications of this for some environmental virtues.

Special report: workshop on 4D-treatment planning in actively scanned particle therapy--recommendations, technical challenges, and future research directions.

PubMed

Knopf, Antje; Bert, Christoph; Heath, Emily; Nill, Simeon; Kraus, Kim; Richter, Daniel; Hug, Eugen; Pedroni, Eros; Safai, Sairos; Albertini, Francesca; Zenklusen, Silvan; Boye, Dirk; Söhn, Matthias; Soukup, Martin; Sobotta, Benjamin; Lomax, Antony

2010-09-01

This article reports on a 4D-treatment planning workshop (4DTPW), held on 7-8 December 2009 at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) in Villigen, Switzerland. The participants were all members of institutions actively involved in particle therapy delivery and research. The purpose of the 4DTPW was to discuss current approaches, challenges, and future research directions in 4D-treatment planning in the context of actively scanned particle radiotherapy. Key aspects were addressed in plenary sessions, in which leaders of the field summarized the state-of-the-art. Each plenary session was followed by an extensive discussion. As a result, this article presents a summary of recommendations for the treatment of mobile targets (intrafractional changes) with actively scanned particles and a list of requirements to elaborate and apply these guidelines clinically.

Electronic health systems: challenges faced by hospital-based providers.

PubMed

Agno, Christina Farala; Guo, Kristina L

2013-01-01

The purpose of this article is to discuss specific challenges faced by hospitals adopting the use of electronic medical records and implementing electronic health record (EHR) systems. Challenges include user and information technology support; ease of technical use and software interface capabilities; compliance; and financial, legal, workforce training, and development issues. Electronic health records are essential to preventing medical errors, increasing consumer trust and use of the health system, and improving quality and overall efficiency. Government efforts are focused on ways to accelerate the adoption and use of EHRs as a means of facilitating data sharing, protecting health information privacy and security, quickly identifying emerging public health threats, and reducing medical errors and health care costs and increasing quality of care. This article will discuss physician and nonphysician staff training before, during, and after implementation; the effective use of EHR systems' technical features; the selection of a capable and secure EHR system; and the development of collaborative system implementation. Strategies that are necessary to help health care providers achieve successful implementation of EHR systems will be addressed.

Research Challenges in Financial Data Modeling and Analysis.

PubMed

Alexander, Lewis; Das, Sanjiv R; Ives, Zachary; Jagadish, H V; Monteleoni, Claire

2017-09-01

Significant research challenges must be addressed in the cleaning, transformation, integration, modeling, and analytics of Big Data sources for finance. This article surveys the progress made so far in this direction and obstacles yet to be overcome. These are issues that are of interest to data-driven financial institutions in both corporate finance and consumer finance. These challenges are also of interest to the legal profession as well as to regulators. The discussion is relevant to technology firms that support the growing field of FinTech.

Military genomics: a perspective on the successes and challenges of genomic medicine in the Armed Services.

PubMed

De Castro, Mauricio J; Turner, Clesson E

2017-11-01

We describe the impact genomics has on the health and readiness of the military service member, highlight several examples of the current and future plans for genomic medicine within the military, discuss challenges to implementation and provide recommendations to address some of those challenges. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

R. Bruce Merrifield and Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis: A Historical Assessment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mitchell, A R

2007-12-04

Bruce Merrifield, trained as a biochemist, had to address three major challenges related to the development and acceptance of solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). The challenges were (1) to reduce the concept of peptide synthesis on a insoluble support to practice, (2) overcome the resistance of synthetic chemists to this novel approach, and (3) establish that a biochemist had the scientific credentials to effect the proposed revolutionary change in chemical synthesis. How these challenges were met is discussed in this article.

How Can Schools Address America's Marriage Crisis? Prepare Young People for Rewarding Careers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Petrilli, Michael P.

2015-01-01

There are no obvious or easy prescriptions for reversing the trends of the familial challenges that have grown deeper and wider in the last fifty years in regard to the number of babies born to unwed mothers, with the majority of all children born to women in their 20s. This article discusses the challenges regarding the marriage crisis in…

Methodological considerations for research on ethnopolitical violence.

PubMed

Little, Todd D

2017-02-01

The methodological and epistemological challenges that research on ethnopolitical violence faces are examined. This research area is fundamentally important for political reasons and for understanding, as well as subsequent interventions to ameliorate, youths' responses to ethnopolitical violence. Advances in methods are reviewed that can overcome the obstacles placed by the various challenges. These issues are discussed in the context of the articles that comprise this Special Section.

Addressing strategy execution challenges to lead sustainable change.

PubMed

Shirey, Maria R

2011-01-01

This department highlights change management strategies that may be successful in strategically planning and executing organizational change initiatives. With the goal of presenting practical approaches helpful to nurse leaders advancing organizational change, content includes evidence-based projects, tools, and resources that mobilize and sustain organizational change initiatives. In this article, the author discusses strategy execution challenges that must be addressed to lead sustainable change.

New Demands and Policies on Higher Education in the Mercosur: A Comparative Study on Challenges, Resources, and Trends

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Larrechea, Enrique Martinez; Castro, Adriana Chiancone

2009-01-01

This article attempts to analyze the main tendencies of the higher education systems and policies within the Mercosur, a regional bloc composed by Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. The article discusses some global trends and describes the process of educational integration in the Mercosur as well as the higher education systems of each of…

"If It Ain't True, Then It's Just a Book!" The Reading and Teaching of Faction Literature

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olin-Scheller, Christina; Tengberg, Michael

2012-01-01

This article examines issues related to the reading and teaching of faction literature in school. Faction is defined not only as a literary genre but also as a form of reading applied to the reader. The article discusses young people's encounters with novels "based on a true story" as well as the challenges this means for literature…

Autonomy, Candour and Professional Teacher Practice: A Discussion Inspired by the Later Works of Michel Foucault

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Raaen, Finn Daniel

2011-01-01

Autonomy is considered to be an important feature of professionals and to provide a necessary basis for their informed judgments. In this article these notions will be challenged. In this article I use Michel Foucault's deconstruction of the idea of the autonomous citizen, and his later attempts to reconstruct that idea, in order to bring some new…

Caring for children with colorectal disease in the context of limited resources.

PubMed

Poenaru, Dan; Borgstein, Eric; Numanoglu, Alp; Azzie, Georges

2010-05-01

The management of patients with colorectal disease in the pediatric population is challenging. Such management is all the more challenging when facing the constraints imposed by an environment with limited clinical resources. Three types of colorectal problems are highlighted in this article: anorectal malformations, Hirschsprung's disease, and acquired rectovaginal fistula in the human immunodeficiency virus-positive population. Through the use of illustrative cases, the authors discuss the pitfalls and challenges encountered in the diagnosis, treatment, and appropriate disposition of these patients. The bulk of the experience used to write this article was acquired in low- and middle-income countries in Africa. The authors hope that the lessons learned will help others manage such patients in the context of limited resources, but recognize that challenges will vary from place to place. There is no substitute for local, contextual expertise. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Transparent wood for functional and structural applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Yuanyuan; Fu, Qiliang; Yang, Xuan; Berglund, Lars

2017-12-01

Optically transparent wood combines mechanical performance with optical functionalities is an emerging candidate for applications in smart buildings and structural optics and photonics. The present review summarizes transparent wood preparation methods, optical and mechanical performance, and functionalization routes, and discusses potential applications. The various challenges are discussed for the purpose of improved performance, scaled-up production and realization of advanced applications. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue `New horizons for cellulose nanotechnology'.

Practitioner Views on the Impacts, Challenges, and Barriers in Supporting Older Survivors of Sexual Violence.

PubMed

Bows, Hannah

2018-07-01

Despite half a century of research on both sexual violence and elder abuse, the intersection between the two remains largely unexplored. Using theoretical lenses of feminist criminology and critical feminist gerontology, this article explores the intersection between age and sexual violence drawing on interviews with 23 practitioners supporting older survivors (aged 60 and over). They reported physical and emotional effects of sexual violence leading to limited lifestyles, disengagement from social networks, and reliance on pathogenic coping strategies. Provision of effective support was complicated by challenges associated with aging bodies and the social stigma associated with both sexual victimhood and older age. Additional challenges lay in supporting older male survivors and those living with dementia. The article ends by discussing implications for practice and an agenda for future research.

Engaging Focus Group Methodology: The 4-H Middle School-Aged Youth Learning and Leading Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scott, Siri; Grant, Samantha; Nippolt, Pamela Larson

2015-01-01

With young people, discussing complex issues such as learning and leading in a focus group can be a challenge. To help prime youth for the discussion, we created a focus group approach that featured a fun, interactive activity. This article includes a description of the focus group activity, lessons learned, and suggestions for additional…

Using Film Clips to Teach Teen Pregnancy Prevention: "The Gloucester 18" at a Teen Summit

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herrman, Judith W.; Moore, Christopher C.; Anthony, Becky

2012-01-01

Teaching pregnancy prevention to large groups offers many challenges. This article describes the use of film clips, with guided discussion, to teach pregnancy prevention. In order to analyze the costs associated with teen pregnancy, a film clip discussion session based with the film "The Gloucester 18" was the keynote of a youth summit. The lesson…

Putting the "Team" in the Fine Arts Team: An Application of Business Management Team Concepts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fisher, Ryan

2007-01-01

In this article, the author discusses current challenges to the idea of teamwork in fine arts teams, redefines the terms team and collaboration using a business management perspective, discusses the success of effective teams in the business world and the characteristics of those teams, and proposes the implementation of the business model of…

Safe Discussions Rather Than First Hand Encounters: Adolescents Examine Racism through One Historical Fiction Text

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brooks, Wanda; Hampton, Gregory

2005-01-01

This article presents a case study class response to Mildred Taylor's now classic and widely read novel, "Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry." Through data collected during one school year, the ways urban, adolescent students use their contemporary lenses to interpret the literary theme of "confronting, overcoming and challenging racism" are discussed.…

Who Is the Competent Physics Student? A Study of Students' Positions and Social Interaction in Small-Group Discussions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Due, Karin

2014-01-01

This article describes a study which explored the social interaction and the reproduction and challenge of gendered discourses in small group discussions in physics. Data for the study consisted of video recordings of eight upper secondary school groups solving physics problems and 15 audiotaped individual interviews with participating students.…

Text Savvy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guilford, Jacquelyn; Bustamante, Annette; Mackura, Kelly; Hirsch, Susan; Lyon, Edward; Estrada, Kelly

2017-01-01

Learning science is language intensive. Students might have to interpret the meaning of models, support claims with evidence, communicate arguments, and discuss phenomena and scientific principles. For English Language Learners (ELLs), engaging in scientific and engineering practices includes additional challenges. This article describes a series…

The fundamental managerial challenges in the role of a contemporary district nurse: A discussion.

PubMed

McComiskey, Florence

2017-10-02

This article examines some of the fundamental challenges facing the district nurse in delivery of the managerial aspects of her role in contemporary practice. It discusses the personal attributes that are essential for this role to ensure safe, effective and compassionate leadership and management. The communication skills and ethos underpinning collaborative multidiscilplinary team work and person-centred care are discussed. Issues that compromise positive and productive team working are identified, and strategies dealing with conflict and also change management are debated. These factors are interrelated with the everyday demands of caseload management, the development of educational needs to meet the demands of increased complexity in care needs, and the place of technology in modern health care. It is evidenced that sustained organisational support for this role is more important than ever, due to increasing demand and decreasing capacity. Potential solutions to these challenges are offered to assist the contemporary district nurse.

A qualitative description of service providers' experiences of ethical issues in HIV care.

PubMed

Sabone, Motshedisi B; Mogobe, Keitshokile Dintle; Matshediso, Ellah; Shaibu, Sheila; Ntsayagae, Esther I; Corless, Inge B; Cuca, Yvette P; Holzemer, William L; Dawson-Rose, Carol; Baez, Solymar S Soliz; Rivero-Mendz, Marta; Webel, Allison R; Eller, Lucille Sanzero; Reid, Paula; Johnson, Mallory O; Kemppainen, Jeanne; Reyes, Darcel; Nokes, Kathleen; Wantland, Dean; Nicholas, Patrice K; Lingren, Teri; Portillo, Carmen J; Sefcik, Elizabeth; Long-Middleton, Ellen

2018-01-01

Managing HIV treatment is a complex multi-dimensional task because of a combination of factors such as stigma and discrimination of some populations who frequently get infected with HIV. In addition, patient-provider encounters have become increasingly multicultural, making effective communication and provision of ethically sound care a challenge. This article explores ethical issues that health service providers in the United States and Botswana encountered in their interaction with patients in HIV care. A descriptive qualitative design was used to collect data from health service providers and patients using focused group discussions. This article is based on responses from health service providers only. Participants and context: This article is based on 11 focused group discussions with a total sample of 71 service providers in seven US sites and one Botswana site. Ethical considerations: Ethical review boards at all the study sites reviewed the study protocol and approved it. Ethical review boards of the study's coordinating centers, Rutgers University and the University of California at San Francisco, also approved it. The study participants provided a written informed consent to participate. HIV service providers encountered ethical challenges in all the four Beauchamp and Childress' biomedical ethics of respect for patients' autonomy, beneficence, justice, and nonmaleficence. The finding that HIV service providers encounter ethical challenges in their interaction with patients is supported by prior studies. The ethical challenges are particularly prominent in multicultural care and resource-constrained care environments. Provision of HIV care is fraught with ethical challenges that tend to pose different issues depending on a given care environment. It is important that strong partnerships are developed among key stakeholders in HIV care. In addition, health service providers need to be provided with resources so they can provide quality and ethically sound care.

A journal club for peer mentorship: helping to navigate the transition to independent practice.

PubMed

MacMillan, Thomas E; Rawal, Shail; Cram, Peter; Liu, Jessica

2016-10-01

The transition from residency to independent practice presents unique challenges for physicians. New attending physicians often have unmet learning needs in non-clinical domains. An attending physician is an independent medical practitioner, sometimes referred to as a staff physician or consultant. Peer mentorship has been explored as an alternative to traditional mentorship to meet the learning needs of new attendings. In this article, the authors describe how a journal club for general internal medicine fellowship graduates helped ease the transition by facilitating peer mentorship. Journal club members were asked to bring two things to each meeting: a practice-changing journal article, and a 'transition to practice' discussion topic such as a diagnostic dilemma, billing question, or a teaching challenge. Discussions fell into three broad categories that the authors have termed: trading war stories, measuring up, and navigating uncharted waters. It is likely that physicians have a strong need for peer mentorship in the first few years after the transition from residency, and a journal club or similar discussion group may be one way to fulfil this.

Applying Principles from Complex Systems to Studying the Efficacy of CAM Therapies

PubMed Central

Nahin, Richard L.; Calabrese, Carlo; Folkman, Susan; Kimbrough, Elizabeth; Shoham, Jacob; Haramati, Aviad

2010-01-01

Abstract In October 2007, a National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM)–sponsored workshop, entitled “Applying Principles from Complex Systems to Studying the Efficacy of CAM Therapies,” was held at Georgetown University in Washington, DC. Over a 2-day period, the workshop engaged a small group of experts from the fields of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) research and complexity science to discuss and examine ways in which complexity science can be applied to CAM research. After didactic presentations and small-group discussions, a number of salient themes and ideas emerged. This paper article describes the workshop program and summarizes these emergent ideas, which are divided into five broad categories: (1) introduction to complexity; (2) challenges to CAM research; (3) applications of complexity science to CAM; (4) CAM as a model of complexity applied to medicine; and (5) future directions. This discusses possible benefits and challenges associated with applying complexity science to CAM research. By providing an introductory framework for this collaboration and exchange, it is hoped that this article may stimulate further inquiry into this largely unexplored area of research. PMID:20715978

Dealing with school violence: how hospitals met this new challenge to emergency preparedness.

PubMed

Appelbaum, A

This article discusses how hospitals in Jonesboro, AR, and Denver, CO, met the challenge of dealing with school shooting rampages that resulted in multiple casualties and received widespread media coverage. Hospitals need to be well-prepared to implement their emergency disaster plans and handle the physical and emotional trauma of such incidents which, according to a well-known criminologist, may become more frequent.

"Thinking as Someone Else": Using Avatars in Teacher Education and the Challenge to Think and Act as Someone Else

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wasmuth, Helge

2016-01-01

This article discusses an alternative learning project that was conducted in an online course at a teacher education program from Fall 2012 to Fall 2015. As part of the course, students had to create avatars, an alter ego, and think and act as their avatars when faced with educational issues. The project strives to overcome challenges that teacher…

Biology and data-intensive scientific discovery in the beginning of the 21st century.

PubMed

Smith, Arnold; Balazinska, Magdalena; Baru, Chaitan; Gomelsky, Mark; McLennan, Michael; Rose, Lynn; Smith, Burton; Stewart, Elizabeth; Kolker, Eugene

2011-04-01

The life sciences are poised at the beginning of a paradigm-changing evolution in the way scientific questions are answered. Data-Intensive Science (DIS) promise to provide new ways of approaching scientific challenges and answering questions. This article is a summary of the life sciences issues and challenges as discussed in the DIS workshop in Seattle, September 19-20, 2010. © Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

Doing "Good Work": Negotiating Possibilities in Ethical Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burge, Elizabeth J.

2009-01-01

In this article, the author takes a look at how reflective and courageous practitioners show their critical and constructive thinking for handling the intellectual and interpersonal complexities of ethical analysis. The author also discusses six lessons practitioners need to learn.

Ankle ligament injuries.

PubMed

Abbassian, Ali; Thomas, Rhidian

2008-06-01

Ankle ligament injuries in the presence or in the absence of fractures are common. They often present a diagnostic challenge, and their management is poorly understood and subject to debate. This article reviews and discusses the current literature on the management and diagnosis of these injuries.

Media depictions of health topics: challenge and stigma formats.

PubMed

Smith, Rachel

2007-01-01

This article explored the notion that media depictions of health concerns come in one of two formats: challenge and stigma. After explicating the five features that should appear in challenge format and the seven features of stigma formats, we analyzed the content of health messages in magazines, brochures, and posters (n = 75) in a metropolitan area. The results of a two-factor confirmatory factor model showed that the five suggested features for challenge formats did, indeed, appear together (alpha = .76), and the seven features for stigma formats, also, appeared together (alpha = .90), and showed no residual relationship. In other words, the results suggest that media depictions of health topics appear in either challenge or stigma formats (r = - .87). Health issues appearing in magazine advertisements and articles presented messages in challenge formats, while brochures and posters from largely nonprofit and government groups depicted health issues in stigma formats. Some health topics appeared most often in challenge formats (including cancer, heart disease, and scoliosis), while others appeared in stigma formats (including tuberculosis, hepatitis, smoking, and sexually transmitted diseases [STDs]). Findings suggest that media depictions of health differ, and the implications of stigma and challenge formats are discussed.

Keeping Our Eyes on the Prize: The Role of Fieldwork in Preparing Social Justice School Leaders in a Public University Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reis, Noni Mendoza; Lu, Mei-Yan; Miller, Michael

2016-01-01

This article provides a discussion of how fieldwork can enhance the preparation of school leaders, and how this emphasis on practical, experiential learning can expose students to the wide array of challenges facing public schools. We discuss ways to transform traditional and procedural fieldwork objectives of our students to those that address…

Achieving Best-Fit Configurations through Advisory Subsystems in AKIS: Case Studies of Advisory Service Provisioning for Diverse Types of Farmers in Norway

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klerkx, Laurens; Straete, Egil Petter; Kvam, Gunn-Turid; Ystad, Eystein; Butli Hårstad, Renate Marie

2017-01-01

Purpose: In light of the discussion on "best-fit" in pluralistic advisory systems, this article aims to present and discuss challenges for advisory services in serving various types of farmers when they seek and acquire farm business advice. Design/methodology/approach: The empirical basis is data derived from four workshops, five…

Introducing E-Learning in a South African Higher Education Institution: Challenges Arising from an Intervention and Possible Responses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bharuthram, Sharita; Kies, Carolynn

2013-01-01

This article draws on research conducted at a tertiary institution in South Africa as part of the redesigning of an English for Educational Development (EED) course to include an e-learning online discussion component. The subject material used was based on HIV/AIDS topics that students had to debate within an online discussion forum. Framed by…

Technology 2.0: A Commentary on Progress, Challenges, and Next Steps.

PubMed

Jones, Deborah J

2017-11-01

This commentary highlights the importance and promise of the innovative strategies described in the Child Maltreatment special issue on "Technology 2.0: A Focus on the Newest Technological Advances in Child Maltreatment Research." The commentary first highlights the collective advancements reflected in the articles in the special issue, with a primary focus on how the authors' work addresses a general challenge in services research that is perhaps nowhere more problematic than in the field of maltreatment. Next, the commentary extends the discussion of these articles to raise remaining gaps in our knowledge, theory, and methodology, which must be the focus of ongoing research if the true potential of technology as a service delivery vehicle is to be realized. Finally, the commentary concludes with a call for subsequent research which will be inspired by the articles in this special issue.

Challenges and Strategies for Research in Prisons

PubMed Central

Apa, Zoltán L.; Bai, Ruo Yu; Mukherejee, Dhritiman V.; Herzig, Carolyn T. A.; Koenigsmann, Carl; Lowy, Franklin D.; Larson, Elaine L.

2013-01-01

In this article, we discuss some of the challenges encountered while conducting research in two maximum security prisons and approaches we found helpful to facilitate the research process through the development of collaborative relationships, the establishment of prison contacts, and the implementation of rigorous research methods. As a result of our experiences, we have been successful at maintaining a high rate of inmate participation (>80%) and a well-functioning multidisciplinary team. The approaches described may be useful to other investigators planning to conduct research in a challenging setting such as prisons. PMID:22924569

Multiscale Modeling in Computational Biomechanics: Determining Computational Priorities and Addressing Current Challenges

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tawhai, Merryn; Bischoff, Jeff; Einstein, Daniel R.

2009-05-01

Abstract In this article, we describe some current multiscale modeling issues in computational biomechanics from the perspective of the musculoskeletal and respiratory systems and mechanotransduction. First, we outline the necessity of multiscale simulations in these biological systems. Then we summarize challenges inherent to multiscale biomechanics modeling, regardless of the subdiscipline, followed by computational challenges that are system-specific. We discuss some of the current tools that have been utilized to aid research in multiscale mechanics simulations, and the priorities to further the field of multiscale biomechanics computation.

Schools as Sites for Recruiting Participants and Implementing Research.

PubMed

Bartlett, Robin; Wright, Tiffany; Olarinde, Tia; Holmes, Tara; Beamon, Emily R; Wallace, Debra

2017-01-01

Schools can be a valuable resource for recruitment of participants for research involving children, adolescents, and parents. Awareness of the benefits and challenges of working with schools can assist researchers in developing effective school partnerships. This article discusses the advantages of conducting research within the school system as well as the challenges that may also arise. Such challenges include developing key contacts, building relationships, logistical arrangements, and facilitating trust in the research topic and team. Suggestions for strategies to forge successful collaborative relationships with schools are provided.

Immigration and Health: Law, Policy, and Ethics.

PubMed

Parmet, Wendy E; Sainsbury-Wong, Lorianne; Prabhu, Maya

2017-03-01

Immigration poses numerous challenges for health professionals and public health lawyers. This article reviews these challenges. We begin by offering some background on immigration and health and then explain some of the reasons why immigrants are less likely than natives to have health insurance. Next we turn to a discussion of some of the particular challenges relating to the health care of refugees. We conclude by analyzing and rejecting some of the arguments that are made for discriminating against immigrants with respect to the provision of public health benefits and services.

Coaching Adolescent Athletes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

VonMeter, Kerby

2004-01-01

Coaching adolescent athletes can be challenging because of their varying degrees of physical, emotional, and social development and/or maturity. How much and how well each athlete develops tactically, psychologically, emotionally, and physically is directly influenced by these factors. This article discusses that the main reasons athletes…

Refining Lung Cancer Screening Criteria in the Era of Value-Based Medicine.

PubMed

Shapiro, Steven D

2017-02-01

In a Perspective on the Research Article by ten Haaf and colleagues, Steven Shapiro discusses the challenges of identifying screening strategies that maximize the number of cancers diagnosed, while minimizing the harms of overdiagnosis and maintaining cost-effectiveness.

Learning To Live Together.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van Leeuwen, Fred, Ed.

2002-01-01

This quarterly journal offers information about diverse aspects of education in countries throughout the world. Following an editorial discussion of education for citizenship, articles included are: "Free Education for All" (E. Jouen); "The Challenge of Pay Equity: A Stubborn Problem" (M. Tomei); "The IMF's Pupil in Latin…

Assessments That Promote Collaborative Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Watanabe, Maika; Evans, Laura

2015-01-01

This article discusses assessments that can be used to help encourage a collaborative classroom community, in which students help one another learn mathematics. The authors describe participation quizzes and explanation quizzes as assessment tools that encourage students to work together, share specific questions on challenging mathematics…

Educating School Leaders for Social Justice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cambron-McCabe, Nelda; McCarthy, Martha M.

2005-01-01

Traditional leadership preparation programs and licensure requirements give only token consideration to social justice concerns. This article examines the emerging social justice discourse in the educational administration field and discusses several challenges that must be considered as universities and others attempt to prepare school leaders…

Developing Economic Literacy: A Challenge for Business Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ristau, Robert A.

1985-01-01

This article describes the framework and the methodology necessary to instill sound principles of economic understanding in business education students. Basic economic concepts are listed and discussed, as well as effective educational delivery systems such as games and simulations (examples are included). (CT)

Scalability issues in evolutionary synthesis of electronic circuits: lessons learned and challenges ahead

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stoica, A.; Keymeulen, D.; Zebulum, R. S.; Ferguson, M. I.

2003-01-01

This paper describes scalability issues of evolutionary-driven automatic synthesis of electronic circuits. The article begins by reviewing the concepts of circuit evolution and discussing the limitations of this technique when trying to achieve more complex systems.

The Maricopa Integrated Risk Assessment Project: A New Way of Looking at Risk

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Unks, Ruth A.; Thor, Linda

2008-01-01

This article reviews the Maricopa Integrated Risk Assessment (MIRA) project and discusses its challenges and successes. Strategies and resources are offered for assisting community college administrators, faculty, and staff to successfully implement enterprise risk management at their institutions.

Market Access Advancements and Challenges in “Drug-Companion Diagnostic Test” Co-Development in Europe

PubMed Central

Akhmetov, Ildar; Ramaswamy, Rakshambikai; Akhmetov, Illias; Thimmaraju, Phani Kishore

2015-01-01

The pharma ecosphere is witnessing a measured transformation from the one-size-fits-all or blockbuster model of drugs to more informed and tailored personalized treatments that facilitate higher safety and efficacy for a relevant sub-population. However, with several breakthroughs still in a nascent stage, market access becomes a crucial factor for commercial success, especially when it comes to co-creating value for pertinent stakeholders. This article highlights diverse issues from stakeholder perspectives in Europe, specifically the ones which require immediate resolution. Furthermore, the article also discusses case studies articulating potential solutions for the issues discussed. PMID:26075972

Liver and Kidney Transplantation: A Half-Century Historical Perspective.

PubMed

Sass, David A; Doyle, Alden M

2016-05-01

This article describes the evolution of solid organ kidney and liver transplantation and expounds on the challenges and successes that the early transplant researchers and clinicians encountered. The article highlights the surgical pioneers, delves into the milestones of enhanced immunosuppression protocols, discusses key federal legislative and policy changes, and expounds on the ongoing disparities of organ supply and demand and the need for extended criteria and live donor organs to combat these shortages. Finally, recent changes in organ allocation and distribution policies are discussed. The authors also spotlight novel interventions that will further revolutionize abdominal transplantation in the next 50 years. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Mindful Sustainable Aging: Advancing a Comprehensive Approach to the Challenges and Opportunities of Old Age

PubMed Central

Nilsson, Håkan; Bülow, Pia H.; Kazemi, Ali

2015-01-01

The primary aim of this article is to present a new concept called mindful sustainable aging (MSA), which is informed by mindfulness practices that support the physical, the mental, and especially, the social and the existential dimensions of old life. The concept of MSA is discussed and compared with four influential psychosocial theories in the field of gerontology, i.e., activity theory, disengagement theory, successful aging theory and gerotranscendence theory. The article ends with reviewing research on how mindfulness practice can help to manage, diminish and/or improve a number of serious physical conditions that are common among older people. The potential of mindfulness when it comes to facilitating for older adults in their quest for spiritual and existential meaning is discussed extensively throughout the article. PMID:27247673

Text-based CAPTCHAs over the years

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chow, Y. W.; Susilo, W.

2017-11-01

The notion of CAPTCHAs has been around for more than two decades. Since its introduction, CAPTCHAs have now become a ubiquitous part of the Internet. Over the years, research on various aspects of CAPTCHAs has evolved and different design principles have emerged. This article discusses text-based CAPTCHAs in terms of their fundamental requirements, namely, security and usability. Practicality necessitates that humans must be able to correctly solve CAPTCHA challenges, while at the same time automated computer programs should have difficulty solving the challenges. This article also presents alternative paradigms to text-based CAPTCHA design that have been examined in previous work. With the advances in techniques to defeat CAPTCHAs, the future of auto- mated Turing tests is an open question.

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensing: Current Challenges and Approaches

PubMed Central

Unser, Sarah; Bruzas, Ian; He, Jie; Sagle, Laura

2015-01-01

Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) has emerged as a leader among label-free biosensing techniques in that it offers sensitive, robust, and facile detection. Traditional LSPR-based biosensing utilizes the sensitivity of the plasmon frequency to changes in local index of refraction at the nanoparticle surface. Although surface plasmon resonance technologies are now widely used to measure biomolecular interactions, several challenges remain. In this article, we have categorized these challenges into four categories: improving sensitivity and limit of detection, selectivity in complex biological solutions, sensitive detection of membrane-associated species, and the adaptation of sensing elements for point-of-care diagnostic devices. The first section of this article will involve a conceptual discussion of surface plasmon resonance and the factors affecting changes in optical signal detected. The following sections will discuss applications of LSPR biosensing with an emphasis on recent advances and approaches to overcome the four limitations mentioned above. First, improvements in limit of detection through various amplification strategies will be highlighted. The second section will involve advances to improve selectivity in complex media through self-assembled monolayers, “plasmon ruler” devices involving plasmonic coupling, and shape complementarity on the nanoparticle surface. The following section will describe various LSPR platforms designed for the sensitive detection of membrane-associated species. Finally, recent advances towards multiplexed and microfluidic LSPR-based devices for inexpensive, rapid, point-of-care diagnostics will be discussed. PMID:26147727

Clinical challenges in the implementation of a tomotherapy service for head and neck cancer patients in a regional UK radiotherapy centre.

PubMed

Chatterjee, S; Mott, J H; Smyth, G; Dickson, S; Dobrowsky, W; Kelly, C G

2011-04-01

Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is increasingly being used to treat head and neck cancer cases. We discuss the clinical challenges associated with the setting up of an image guided intensity modulated radiotherapy service for a subset of head and neck cancer patients, using a recently commissioned helical tomotherapy (HT) Hi Art (Tomotherapy Inc, WI) machine in this article. We also discuss the clinical aspects of the tomotherapy planning process, treatment and image guidance experiences for the first 10 head and neck cancer cases. The concepts of geographical miss along with tomotherapy-specific effects, including that of field width and megavoltage CT (MVCT) imaging strategy, have been highlighted using the first 10 head and neck cases treated. There is a need for effective streamlining of all aspects of the service to ensure compliance with cancer waiting time targets. We discuss how patient toxicity audits are crucial to guide refinement of the newly set-up planning dose constraints. This article highlights the important clinical issues one must consider when setting up a head and neck IMRT, image-guided radiotherapy service. It shares some of the clinical challenges we have faced during the setting up of a tomotherapy service. Implementation of a clinical tomotherapy service requires a multidisciplinary team approach and relies heavily on good team working and effective communication between different staff groups.

Achievements and Challenges in the Science of Space Weather

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koskinen, Hannu E. J.; Baker, Daniel N.; Balogh, André; Gombosi, Tamas; Veronig, Astrid; von Steiger, Rudolf

2017-11-01

In June 2016 a group of 40 space weather scientists attended the workshop on Scientific Foundations of Space Weather at the International Space Science Institute in Bern. In this lead article to the volume based on the talks and discussions during the workshop we review some of main past achievements in the field and outline some of the challenges that the science of space weather is facing today and in the future.

Imaging of the oral cavity.

PubMed

Meesa, Indu Rekha; Srinivasan, Ashok

2015-01-01

The oral cavity is a challenging area in head and neck imaging because of its complex anatomy and the numerous pathophysiologies that involve its contents. This challenge is further compounded by the ubiquitous artifacts that arise from the dental amalgam, which compromise image quality. In this article, the anatomy of the oral cavity is discussed in brief, followed by a description of the imaging technique and some common pathologic abnormalities. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Challenges of modern day transition care in inflammatory bowel disease: From inflammatory bowel disease to biosimilars.

PubMed

Hakizimana, Ali; Ahmed, Iftikhar; Russell, Rachel; Wright, Mark; Afzal, Nadeem A

2017-07-07

In this article we discuss the challenges of delivering a high quality Transition care. A good understanding of the adolescent needs with good communication between Transition care physicians and the patient is essential for good continuity of care. Despite availability of several guidelines, one model doesn't fit all and any transition service development should be determined by the local need and available healthcare facilities.

Learning Curves: Making Quality Online Health Information Available at a Fitness Center.

PubMed

Dobbins, Montie T; Tarver, Talicia; Adams, Mararia; Jones, Dixie A

2012-01-01

Meeting consumer health information needs can be a challenge. Research suggests that women seek health information from a variety of resources, including the Internet. In an effort to make women aware of reliable health information sources, the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport Medical Library engaged in a partnership with a franchise location of Curves International, Inc. This article will discuss the project, its goals and its challenges.

Policy and finance for preconception care opportunities for today and the future.

PubMed

Johnson, Kay; Atrash, Hani; Johnson, Alison

2008-01-01

This special supplement of Women's Health Issues offers 2 types of articles related to the policy and finance context for improving preconception health and health care. These articles discuss the impact of finance and policy on preconception health and health care, as well as the strategies that are being used to overcome the challenge of implementing preconception care with limited resources and inadequate health coverage for women. Invited papers from authors with expertise in health policy and finance issues describe how women's health and preconception care fit into the larger debates on health reform and how the paradigm for women's health must change. Other invited papers discuss opportunities and challenges for using programs such as Medicaid, Title X Family Planning, Title V Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grant, Healthy Start, and Community Health Centers in improving preconception health and health care. Contributed articles on health services research in this supplement characterize the types of change occurring across the country. This paper also presents a framework for understanding the role of policy and finance in the larger Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Preconception Health and Health Care Initiative.

Ten years of RELEA: achievements and challenges for astronomy education development

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bretones, Paulo Sergio; Jafelice, Luiz Carlos; Horvath, Jorge Ernesto

2015-08-01

When an area of education, and more particularly the research within this area, is aimed to development, a basic requirement is the existence of a regular publication that accounts for the scientific production in that area. This study aims to analyze 10 years of Latin-American Journal of Astronomy Education (RELEA). Publishing policies of the RELEA and their context are discussed in relation to submission, refereeing and publication. The 75 articles published in 18 editions are analyzed and classified by: year of publication, edition, the authors' institutions, school level, study focus and content. The results present trends and shortcomings of the production. A comparison with the number of articles published in other Brazilian journals of education and an analysis of the international scene in relation to other type publications along these ten years is made. Given that this journal is now consolidated, its future prospects in the international landscape are further considered. The challenges related to article submission are discussed: how to increase their number, the submission of Latin American countries, and how to bring in the issues and subjects not addressed until now. It is also considered the possibility of encouraging graduate studies, new lines of research in astronomy education, and dissemination of material in schools and universities for teachers and students. Finally, future possibilities are discussed given the IAU development programs. For example, more article submission from Portuguese-speaking countries with the support of Regional Nodes and Language Expertise Centers, and opportunities for volunteer IAU members and global projects for the development of astronomy education.

Urban transitions: on urban resilience and human-dominated ecosystems.

PubMed

Ernstson, Henrik; van der Leeuw, Sander E; Redman, Charles L; Meffert, Douglas J; Davis, George; Alfsen, Christine; Elmqvist, Thomas

2010-12-01

Urbanization is a global multidimensional process paired with increasing uncertainty due to climate change, migration of people, and changes in the capacity to sustain ecosystem services. This article lays a foundation for discussing transitions in urban governance, which enable cities to navigate change, build capacity to withstand shocks, and use experimentation and innovation in face of uncertainty. Using the three concrete case cities--New Orleans, Cape Town, and Phoenix--the article analyzes thresholds and cross-scale interactions, and expands the scale at which urban resilience has been discussed by integrating the idea from geography that cities form part of "system of cities" (i.e., they cannot be seen as single entities). Based on this, the article argues that urban governance need to harness social networks of urban innovation to sustain ecosystem services, while nurturing discourses that situate the city as part of regional ecosystems. The article broadens the discussion on urban resilience while challenging resilience theory when addressing human-dominated ecosystems. Practical examples of harnessing urban innovation are presented, paired with an agenda for research and policy.

Thinking Big

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kastens, Kim; Krumhansl, Ruth; Baker, Irene

2015-01-01

This article is aimed at teachers already experienced with activities involving small, student-collected data sets and who are now ready to begin working with large, online data sets collected by scientists and engineers. The authors discuss challenges, instructional strategies, and sources of appropriate lesson plans. With guidance, plus online…

The Crab Boat Engineering Design Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Love, Tyler S.; Ryan, Larry

2017-01-01

Crab cakes and football, that's what Maryland does!" (Abrams, Levy, Panay, & Dobkin, 2005). Although the Old Line State is notorious for harvesting delectable blue crabs, the movie "Wedding Crashers" failed to highlight something else Maryland does well: engineering design competitions. This article discusses how a multistate…

The Pressure Group Cooker.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Graves, Bill

1992-01-01

Administrators across the nation have encountered vigorous challenges against textbooks, practices, and procedures that critics find laden with occult and New Age values. Attacks are becoming more aggressive, better organized, and well financed. This article and accompanying sidebars discuss pressure group tactics and ways to counter them. The…

Parent-Child Attachment and Emotion Regulation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brumariu, Laura E.

2015-01-01

Given the centrality of both parent-child attachment and emotion regulation in children's development and adjustment, it is important to evaluate the relations between these constructs. This article discusses conceptual and empirical links between attachment and emotion regulation in middle childhood, highlights progress and challenges in the…

Welding--Trade or Profession?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Albright, C. E.; Smith, Kenneth

2006-01-01

This article discusses a collaborative program between schools with the purpose of training and providing advanced education in welding. Modern manufacturing is turning to automation to increase productivity, but it can be a great challenge to program robots and other computer-controlled welding and joining systems. Computer programming and…

Roses for Autism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tomaino, Robert

2011-01-01

This article discusses Roses for Autism, a program that provides training, guidance and employment opportunities for older students and adults on the autistic spectrum. Roses for Autism tackles one of the biggest challenges currently facing the autism community--a disproportionally high unemployment rate that hovers around 88 percent. Although a…

Paint-Stirrer Submarine

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Young, Jocelyn; Hardy, Kevin

2007-01-01

In this article, the authors discuss a unique and challenging laboratory exercise called, the paint-stir-stick submarine, that keeps the students enthralled. The paint-stir-stick submarine fits beautifully with the National Science Education Standards Physical Science Content Standard B, and with the California state science standards for physical…

What Does Innovation Mean for Moral Educators?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reiman, Alan J.; Dotger, Benjamin H.

2008-01-01

This article examines the links between prosocial moral education, educational innovations and concerns of school system personnel during an innovation's implementation process. The role of social innovations in promoting prosocial moral education is discussed with attention given to the challenges and processes associated with implementing such…

Hydrogen effects in corrosion: discussion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stopher, Miles A.; Simpson, E. Luke

2017-06-01

This session contained talks on the characterization of hydrogen-enhanced corrosion of steels and nickel-based alloys, emphasizing the different observations across length scales, from atomic-scale spectrographic to macro-scale fractographic examinations. This article is part of the themed issue 'The challenges of hydrogen and metals'.

Serving the Public Good

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greene, Jennifer C.

2010-01-01

This discussion foregrounds four key issues engaged by the articles presented in this special issue: the unique challenges and opportunities of environmental education evaluation, how to think well about the evaluation approaches and purposes that best match this domain, evaluation capacity building in environmental education and action, and…

Colleges Must Get Used to Collaborating with Congress

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trible, Paul

2005-01-01

Differences in political ideology between college and university administrators and federal legislators have brought about lack of communication, mistrust, and indifference between Congress and higher education. This article discusses the bridging of these differences through common understanding and collaboration to meet the challenges faced by…

Performing Resistance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garoian, Charles R.; Gaudelius, Yvonne M.

2004-01-01

Many contemporary artists, critical theorists, and educators challenge the cultural assumptions that are embedded in our understandings of technology and its relationship to art, the body, and human life. In this article, we discuss the performance artworks of osseus labyrint, Goat Island, and Guillermo Gomez-Pena, Roberto Sifuentes, and Juan…

Reconsidering Human Performance Technology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jang, Hwan Young

2008-01-01

This article discusses three perceived challenges in the field of human performance technology: a missing link from training to performance, limitations in gap analysis and cause analysis, and a lack of attention to business and organization performance. It then provides possible alternatives for each issue, such as instructional system…

Psychotherapy integration in the treatment of personality disorders: a commentary.

PubMed

Nelson, Dana L; Beutler, Larry E; Castonguay, Louis G

2012-02-01

Whereas research on the treatment of personality disorders over the past several decades has focused primarily on comparing the efficacy of various treatment packages associated with different theoretical models, there is increasing evidence that the field would benefit from focusing more attention on developing integrative treatments that are both informed by research and capable of scientific verification. The articles assembled for this special section each propose a different approach to integrative treatment for personality disorders. In this commentary, we outline a number of reasons for making such a shift to more integrative treatments, consider some of the potential challenges to integration, and discuss the different approaches to integration illustrated in these articles. We highlight some of the difficult tradeoffs that must be made in developing an integrative approach and discuss similarities and differences in the response to such challenges by the contributors to this special section. Finally, we point to several areas for future research that we believe will contribute to the development of increasingly effective treatments for individuals with personality disorders.

Characteristic interviews, different strategies: Methodological challenges in qualitative interviewing among respondents with mild intellectual disabilities.

PubMed

Sigstad, Hanne Marie Høybråten

2014-06-01

Conducting qualitative research interviews among individuals with intellectual disabilities, including cognitive limitations and difficulties in communication, presents particular research challenges. One question is whether the difficulties that informants encounter affect interviews to such an extent that the validity of the results is weakened. This article focuses on voluntary informed consent and the specific challenges with the greatest effects on such interviews. The discussion shows that complementary and meaningful descriptions from informants imply the need to employ alternative strategies and methods that may, in other contexts, challenge the traditional understanding of what is acceptable in research. © The Author(s) 2014.

Ethical, legal, and social implications of incorporating genomic information into electronic health records.

PubMed

Hazin, Ribhi; Brothers, Kyle B; Malin, Bradley A; Koenig, Barbara A; Sanderson, Saskia C; Rothstein, Mark A; Williams, Marc S; Clayton, Ellen W; Kullo, Iftikhar J

2013-10-01

The inclusion of genomic data in the electronic health record raises important ethical, legal, and social issues. In this article, we highlight these challenges and discuss potential solutions. We provide a brief background on the current state of electronic health records in the context of genomic medicine, discuss the importance of equitable access to genome-enabled electronic health records, and consider the potential use of electronic health records for improving genomic literacy in patients and providers. We highlight the importance of privacy, access, and security, and of determining which genomic information is included in the electronic health record. Finally, we discuss the challenges of reporting incidental findings, storing and reinterpreting genomic data, and nondocumentation and duty to warn family members at potential genetic risk.

Use of the nominal group technique to identify stakeholder priorities and inform survey development: an example with informal caregivers of people with scleroderma.

PubMed

Rice, Danielle B; Cañedo-Ayala, Mara; Turner, Kimberly A; Gumuchian, Stephanie T; Malcarne, Vanessa L; Hagedoorn, Mariët; Thombs, Brett D

2018-03-02

The nominal group technique (NGT) allows stakeholders to directly generate items for needs assessment surveys. The objective was to demonstrate the use of NGT discussions to develop survey items on (1) challenges experienced by informal caregivers of people living with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and (2) preferences for support services. Three NGT groups were conducted. In each group, participants generated lists of challenges and preferred formats for support services. Participants shared items, and a master list was compiled, then reviewed by participants to remove or merge overlapping items. Once a final list of items was generated, participants independently rated challenges on a scale from 1 (not at all important) to 10 (extremely important) and support services on a scale from 1 (not at all likely to use) to 10 (very likely to use). Lists generated in the NGT discussions were subsequently reviewed and integrated into a single list by research team members. SSc patient conferences held in the USA and Canada. Informal caregivers who previously or currently were providing care for a family member or friend with SSc. A total of six men and seven women participated in the NGT discussions. Mean age was 59.8 years (SD=12.6). Participants provided care for a partner (n=8), parent (n=1), child (n=2) or friend (n=2). A list of 61 unique challenges was generated with challenges related to gaps in information, resources and support needs identified most frequently. A list of 18 unique support services was generated; most involved online or in-person delivery of emotional support and educational material about SSc. The NGT was an efficient method for obtaining survey items directly from SSc caregivers on important challenges and preferences for support services. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Seven challenges for modelling indirect transmission: Vector-borne diseases, macroparasites and neglected tropical diseases

PubMed Central

Hollingsworth, T. Déirdre; Pulliam, Juliet R.C.; Funk, Sebastian; Truscott, James E.; Isham, Valerie; Lloyd, Alun L.

2015-01-01

Many of the challenges which face modellers of directly transmitted pathogens also arise when modelling the epidemiology of pathogens with indirect transmission – whether through environmental stages, vectors, intermediate hosts or multiple hosts. In particular, understanding the roles of different hosts, how to measure contact and infection patterns, heterogeneities in contact rates, and the dynamics close to elimination are all relevant challenges, regardless of the mode of transmission. However, there remain a number of challenges that are specific and unique to modelling vector-borne diseases and macroparasites. Moreover, many of the neglected tropical diseases which are currently targeted for control and elimination are vector-borne, macroparasitic, or both, and so this article includes challenges which will assist in accelerating the control of these high-burden diseases. Here, we discuss the challenges of indirect measures of infection in humans, whether through vectors or transmission life stages and in estimating the contribution of different host groups to transmission. We also discuss the issues of “evolution-proof” interventions against vector-borne disease. PMID:25843376

Seven challenges for modelling indirect transmission: vector-borne diseases, macroparasites and neglected tropical diseases.

PubMed

Hollingsworth, T Déirdre; Pulliam, Juliet R C; Funk, Sebastian; Truscott, James E; Isham, Valerie; Lloyd, Alun L

2015-03-01

Many of the challenges which face modellers of directly transmitted pathogens also arise when modelling the epidemiology of pathogens with indirect transmission--whether through environmental stages, vectors, intermediate hosts or multiple hosts. In particular, understanding the roles of different hosts, how to measure contact and infection patterns, heterogeneities in contact rates, and the dynamics close to elimination are all relevant challenges, regardless of the mode of transmission. However, there remain a number of challenges that are specific and unique to modelling vector-borne diseases and macroparasites. Moreover, many of the neglected tropical diseases which are currently targeted for control and elimination are vector-borne, macroparasitic, or both, and so this article includes challenges which will assist in accelerating the control of these high-burden diseases. Here, we discuss the challenges of indirect measures of infection in humans, whether through vectors or transmission life stages and in estimating the contribution of different host groups to transmission. We also discuss the issues of "evolution-proof" interventions against vector-borne disease. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge in adults in everyday clinical practice: a reappraisal of their limitations and real indications.

PubMed

Asero, Riccardo; Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat; Knulst, André C; Bruijnzeel-Koomen, Carla Afm

2009-08-01

The double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) is widely considered as the 'gold standard' for the diagnosis of food allergy. However, in adult patients, this procedure is rather rarely performed outside the academic context. This review article aims to reappraise the pros and cons of DBPCFC and to elicit some critical thoughts and discussions about the real indications of this diagnostic procedure in adult patients in everyday practice. There are many data showing that the DBPCFC poses a number of critical problems that are difficult to overcome in normal outpatient clinics and hospitals, and that are generally not addressed in most articles dealing with this issue. Performing DBPCFC poses a number of practical problems and has several pitfalls, which make its routine use in normal clinical settings generally impossible. This review article shows that the need for this procedure in adult patients seems in effect very little and specifies new, more limited indications to its use in everyday practice. Further, it suggests a role for the open challenge, which lacks several of the disadvantages of DBPCFC.

Pervasive mobile healthcare systems for chronic disease monitoring.

PubMed

Huzooree, Geshwaree; Kumar Khedo, Kavi; Joonas, Noorjehan

2017-05-01

Pervasive mobile healthcare system has the potential to improve healthcare and the quality of life of chronic disease patients through continuous monitoring. Recently, many articles related to pervasive mobile healthcare system focusing on health monitoring using wireless technologies have been published. The main aim of this review is to evaluate the state-of-the-art pervasive mobile healthcare systems to identify major technical requirements and design challenges associated with the realization of a pervasive mobile healthcare system. A systematic literature review was conducted over IEEE Xplore Digital Library to evaluate 20 pervasive mobile healthcare systems out of 683 articles from 2011 to 2016. The classification of the pervasive mobile healthcare systems and other important factors are discussed. Potential opportunities and challenges are pointed out for the further deployment of effective pervasive mobile healthcare systems. This article helps researchers in health informatics to have a holistic view toward understanding pervasive mobile healthcare systems and points out new technological trends and design challenges that researchers have to consider when designing such systems for better adoption, usability, and seamless integration.

Overcrowding in emergency departments: A review of strategies to decrease future challenges.

PubMed

Yarmohammadian, Mohammad H; Rezaei, Fatemeh; Haghshenas, Abbas; Tavakoli, Nahid

2017-01-01

Emergency departments (EDs) are the most challenging ward with respect to patient delay. The goal of this study is to present strategies that have proven to reduce delay and overcrowding in EDs. In this review article, initial electronic database search resulted in a total of 1006 articles. Thirty articles were included after reviewing full texts. Inclusion criteria were assessments of real patient flows and implementing strategies inside the hospitals. In this study, we discussed strategies of team triage, point-of-care testing, ideal ED patient journey models, streaming, and fast track. Patients might be directed to different streaming channels depending on clinical status and required practitioners. The most comprehensive strategy is ideal ED patient journey models, in which ten interrelated substrategies are provided. ED leaders should apply strategies that provide a continuous care process without deeply depending on external services.

A Legislative Reform for the Food Safety System of China: A Regulatory Paradigm Shift and Collaborative Governance.

PubMed

Han, Yonghong

2015-01-01

After describing the historical development of China's food safety system from the perspectives of legislation and administration, this article discusses progress in its food law (The Draft Amendments to Food Safety Law). As a further legislative reform for China's food safety system, the Draft Amendments to the Food Safety Law contain innovative institutional designs and manifest a regulatory paradigm shift from government-centered governance to collaborative governance. However, the Draft Amendments face challenges in their implementation. This article argues that developing collaborative governance for food safety in China can be a solution to these challenges. Based on theoretical and empirical studies of collaborative governance, this article proposes that the institutional design of collaborative governance should focus on providing obligations for administrative agencies in the process of food safety rule-making and standard-setting, increasing the independence of nongovernmental organizations, and building two-way electronic platforms for public participation.

Work-based learning: challenges and opportunities.

PubMed

Gallagher, Ann; Holland, Lesley

This article discusses some of the challenges and opportunities arising from the development and implementation of an innovative work-based open and distance learning programme available exclusively to healthcare assistants working in general health and mental health practice. The programme is based on a partnership between the sponsoring organisation and the Open University. The focus is on the development of standards of proficiency, service user involvement, partnership working, skills development and the pedagogic implications of a work-based learning format.

Challenges to deployment of twenty-first century nuclear reactor systems

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

The science and engineering of materials have always been fundamental to the success of nuclear power to date. They are also the key to the successful deployment and operation of a new generation of nuclear reactor systems and their associated fuel cycles. This article reflects on some of the historical issues, the challenges still prevalent today and the requirement for significant ongoing materials R&D and discusses the potential role of small modular reactors. PMID:28293142

Learning Curves: Making Quality Online Health Information Available at a Fitness Center

PubMed Central

Dobbins, Montie T.; Tarver, Talicia; Adams, Mararia; Jones, Dixie A.

2012-01-01

Meeting consumer health information needs can be a challenge. Research suggests that women seek health information from a variety of resources, including the Internet. In an effort to make women aware of reliable health information sources, the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center – Shreveport Medical Library engaged in a partnership with a franchise location of Curves International, Inc. This article will discuss the project, its goals and its challenges. PMID:22545020

Graphene in biomedicine: opportunities and challenges.

PubMed

Feng, Liangzhu; Liu, Zhuang

2011-02-01

Graphene, whose discovery won the 2010 Nobel Prize in physics, has been a shining star in the material science in the past few years. Owing to its interesting electrical, optical, mechanical and chemical properties, graphene has found potential applications in a wide range of areas, including biomedicine. In this article, we will summarize the latest progress of using graphene for various biomedical applications, including drug delivery, cancer therapies and biosensing, and discuss the opportunities and challenges in this emerging field.

Challenges to deployment of twenty-first century nuclear reactor systems.

PubMed

Ion, Sue

2017-02-01

The science and engineering of materials have always been fundamental to the success of nuclear power to date. They are also the key to the successful deployment and operation of a new generation of nuclear reactor systems and their associated fuel cycles. This article reflects on some of the historical issues, the challenges still prevalent today and the requirement for significant ongoing materials R&D and discusses the potential role of small modular reactors.

Screening women for intimate partner violence: Creating proper practice habits.

PubMed

Knox, Beth

2018-05-17

Intimate partner violence continues to be a challenge for advanced practice registered nurses to address and manage in their daily practice. This article reviews current healthcare concerns in heterosexual, bisexual, transgender, and lesbian women, and explores screening guidelines and resources for developing successful screening habits. Additionally, the article discusses how the Transtheoretical Model and Stages of Change offers insight into the behavior of women who experience intimate partner violence and provides safety strategies for these women.

Sustaining Integrated Technology in Undergraduate Mathematics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oates, Greg

2011-01-01

The effective integration of technology into the teaching and learning of mathematics remains one of the critical challenges facing contemporary tertiary mathematics. This article reports on some significant findings of a wider study investigating the use of technology in undergraduate mathematics. It first discusses a taxonomy developed to…

Telecollaboration, Challenges and Oppportunities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abruquah, Emmanuel; Dosa, Ildiko; Duda, Grazyna

2016-01-01

This article discusses some practical ideas associated with a pilot intercultural telecollaboration project. The aim of the project was to connect students from five countries: Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Poland and Spain, and to make them interact using social media, such as Facebook, Skype, Google Hangouts, etc. There were success stories…

Engaged Scholarship and Gerontological Program Relevance: Opportunities and Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitchell, Jim; McDonald, Maria

2012-01-01

Engaged scholarship promotes contribution to the academic body of knowledge through equal partnership between academic scholars and community representatives in education, research, and public service or intervention. Such partnerships can expand our notions of service learning and applied research. In this article, the authors discuss the…

Making Presentations. ERIC Topical Bibliography and Commentary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Carl B., Ed.

This topical bibliography and commentary consists of research summaries which address the challenges of creating an effective public presentation. The research articles discussed in the bibliography/commentary are geared toward teaching students to better present information with an emphasis on the primary importance of content above empty…

College Psychiatry 2006: Challenges and Opportunities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kadison, Richard

2006-01-01

This article discusses some of the dramatic changes seen in college mental health issues over the past 2 decades. These modifications are a consequence of many factors: changes in our health care system (managed care), new effective biological treatments (medications), the focus of psychiatric training (biologic focus), technology advances…

Supporting Muslim Students in Secular Public Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schlein, Candace; Chan, Elaine

2010-01-01

This article discusses the findings of a study examining the challenges and opportunities of supporting Muslim students in secular public schools. Education is explored as a multifaceted interplay between home and family life, community resources, school programs and policies, and classroom lessons to investigate the curricular experiences of…

Incontinence: The Potential Budget Buster

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gardner, Sharon

2009-01-01

Someone who lives with incontinence, whether bowel, bladder, or both, knows the social stigma and personal toll on his life. Incontinence is the ever-present shadowy silhouette lurking over almost every decision, sometimes requiring complex preplanning. In this article, the author describes the challenges of incontinence and discusses how she…

School Partnerships and Clinical Preparation at the Middle Level

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howell, Penny B.; Carpenter, Jan; Jones, Jeanneine P.

2013-01-01

This article describes how three universities approach middle level teacher preparation through partnerships and clinical experiences. The authors share the structures of their programs and the role of their partnerships in the clinical preparation of their candidates. They also discuss the challenges and opportunities presented by…

Evaluation of Criteria Associated with Abdominal Fitness Testing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robertson, Loarn D.; Magnusdottir, Hjordis

1987-01-01

The use of the timed sit up as a measure of abdominal fitness has been challenged. This article describes experiments designed to evaluate a modified curl up test as an alternative. Subjects were 20 college students averaging 25.3 years of age. Results are discussed. (Author/MT)

Commentary: Implementing Interventions: Building a Shared Understanding of Why

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grøver, Vibeke

2016-01-01

This commentary discusses how the articles that comprise this special issue conceptualize what is required for reading interventions to change instruction. Three challenges to successful implementation are addressed: identifying institutional barriers to change, identifying intervention components that are not commonly part of the teachers'…

Facebook: Maintaining Ethical Practice in the Cyberspace Age

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Birky, Ian; Collins, Wanda

2011-01-01

Current technology provides counseling center clinicians regular and immediate access to the students they work with via social networking. Focusing on Facebook in particular, this article discusses the opportunities and challenges this access creates and specifically explores how utilization of ethical, clinical, and cultural lenses might affect…

The Politics of Cultural Difference in Second Language Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kubota, Ryuko

2004-01-01

Cultural difference is an important topic of discussion in second language education. Yet cultural difference is often conceptualized as fixed, objective, and apolitical based on an essentialist and normative understanding of culture. This article challenges such conceptualizations by examining and politicizing multiple and conflicting meanings of…

Welcome, Mr. Director, and Good Luck!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosa, Rafael

2009-01-01

Museum education leaders often find themselves thrust into greater responsibility without an opportunity to prepare themselves for the challenges ahead. In this article, I discuss my own struggles transitioning from manager of a specific program area to oversight of an entire education department. This transition happened unexpectedly, and the…

Gender Imbalance in Higher Education: Insights for College Administrators and Researchers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Conger, Dylan; Dickson, Lisa

2017-01-01

University administrators often strive for racial, socioeconomic, and geographic diversity in their student populations. Today, administrators face a new demographic challenge as women increasingly outnumber men in applications, enrollments, and graduation rates. This article discusses the causes and potential consequences of the growing gender…

The Curiosity in Marketing Thinking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hill, Mark E.; McGinnis, John

2007-01-01

This article identifies the curiosity in marketing thinking and offers ways to teach for marketing thinking through an environment that fosters students' curiosity. The significance of curiosity in its relationship with thinking is that when curiosity is absent, so is thinking. Challenges are discussed in recognizing the fragility of curiosity…

Careers in Health Services: A Guide to Major Health, Mental Health Professions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanchez, Rodolfo B.

1977-01-01

The article discusses the diversity of jobs and challenges in human services, illustrates the opportunities available by citing examples of Hispanic workers and agencies active in the field, and provides a list of resources to help people explore the field further. (NQ)

MR-guided radiation therapy: transformative technology and its role in the central nervous system

PubMed Central

Tseng, Chia-Lin; Balter, James M.; Teng, Feifei; Parmar, Hemant A.; Sahgal, Arjun

2017-01-01

Abstract This review article describes advancement of magnetic resonance imaging technologies in radiation therapy planning, guidance, and adaptation of brain tumors. The potential for MR-guided radiation therapy to improve outcomes and the challenges in its adoption are discussed. PMID:28380637

Technology and Teaching Philosophy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

King, Paul C.

2012-01-01

This article discusses the challenges faced when integrating new technologies into the classroom. Viewing the experiences of teaching a first year learning community through the lens of the principles of the Reflective Teaching Portfolio, the author looks to answer the question: "How should Technology relate to our Teaching Philosophy?"…

Indigenous Knowledge in Canadian Science Curricula: Cases from Western Canada

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kim, Mijung

2017-01-01

To enhance Aboriginal students' educational opportunities in sciences, culturally relevant science curriculum has been examined and practiced in Western Canadian science classrooms. This article shares some examples of inclusion of indigenous knowledge in science curricula and discusses the improvement and challenges of culturally relevant science…

Teachers for Children with Emotional/Behavioral Disorders: Education's Greatest Challenge?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lauritzen, Paul; Friedman, Stephen J.

1991-01-01

This article describes children having emotional/behavioral disorders, presents data demonstrating the critical shortage of teachers for this population, discusses factors that contribute to this problem, and offers recommendations including giving teachers of these children an additional salary stipend and providing them the option of…

Critical Measurement Issues in Translational Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glasgow, Russell E.

2009-01-01

This article summarizes critical evaluation needs, challenges, and lessons learned in translational research. Evaluation can play a key role in enhancing successful application of research-based programs and tools as well as informing program refinement and future research. Discussion centers on what is unique about evaluating programs and…

Benefits and Challenges of Service-Learning in Baccalaureate Social Work Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schelbe, Lisa; Petracchi, Helen E.; Weaver, Addie

2014-01-01

Service-learning is a pedagogical approach that integrates students' classroom instruction with community experience. This article discusses qualitative results from a national survey examining service-learning in Council on Social Work Education--accredited baccalaureate programs. Almost 80% of the 202 program respondents required…

Studying the Elusive Experience in Pervasive Games

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stenros, Jaakko; Waern, Annika; Montola, Markus

2012-01-01

Studying pervasive games is inherently difficult and different from studying computer or board games. This article builds upon the experiences of staging and studying several playful pervasive technology prototypes. It discusses the challenges and pitfalls of evaluating pervasive game prototypes and charts methods that have proven useful in…

Traumatic Brain Injury: A Challenge for Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bullock, Lyndal M.; Gable, Robert A.; Mohr, J. Darrell

2005-01-01

In this article, the authors provide information designed to enhance the knowledge and understanding of school personnel about traumatic brain injury (TBI). The authors specifically define TBI and enumerate common characteristics associated with traumatic brain injury, discuss briefly the growth and type of services provided, and offer some…

Demarcation of the ethics of care as a discipline: discussion article.

PubMed

Klaver, Klaartje; van Elst, Eric; Baart, Andries J

2014-11-01

This article aims to initiate a discussion on the demarcation of the ethics of care. This discussion is necessary because the ethics of care evolves by making use of insights from varying disciplines. As this involves the risk of contamination of the care ethical discipline, the challenge for care ethical scholars is to ensure to retain a distinct care ethical perspective. This may be supported by an open and critical debate on the criteria and boundaries of the ethics of care. As a contribution, this article proposes a tentative outline of the care ethical discipline. What is characteristic of this outline is the emphasis on relational programming, situation-specific and context-bound judgments, a political-ethical perspective, and empirical groundedness. It is argued that the ethics of care is best developed further by means of an intradisciplinary approach. Two intradisciplinary examples show how within the frame of one discipline, other disciplines are absorbed, both with their body of knowledge and their research methodology. © The Author(s) 2013.

Smart textiles: Challenges and opportunities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cherenack, Kunigunde; van Pieterson, Liesbeth

2012-11-01

Smart textiles research represents a new model for generating creative and novel solutions for integrating electronics into unusual environments and will result in new discoveries that push the boundaries of science forward. A key driver for smart textiles research is the fact that both textile and electronics fabrication processes are capable of functionalizing large-area surfaces at very high speeds. In this article we review the history of smart textiles development, introducing the main trends and technological challenges faced in this field. Then, we identify key challenges that are the focus of ongoing research. We then proceed to discuss fundamentals of smart textiles: textile fabrication methods and textile interconnect lines, textile sensor, and output device components and integration of commercial components into textile architectures. Next we discuss representative smart textile systems and finally provide our outlook over the field and a prediction for the future.

[The Citizen Constitution and the 25th anniversary of the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS)].

PubMed

Paim, Jairnilson Silva

2013-10-01

This article, celebrating the 25th anniversary of Brazil's 1988 Constitution, aims to review the country's social policy development, discuss political projects, and analyze challenges for the sustainability of the Unified National Health System (SUS). Based on public policymaking studies, the article revisits the origins of liberal social policy, focused on social assistance, and analyzes the hegemony of U.S. policies targeting poverty and their repercussions for universal policies. After identifying the formulation of political projects in Brazil's democratic transition, it discusses their implications during the various Administrations since 1988, along with the difficulties faced by the National Health System. The article concludes that the political forces occupying government in the last two decades have failed to present a project for the country on the same level as those who drafted the Citizen Constitution.

Financial stability in biobanking: unique challenges for disease-focused foundations and patient advocacy organizations.

PubMed

Bromley, Russell L

2014-10-01

In the last decade, many disease-focused foundations and patient advocacy organizations that support biomedical research have created patient registries and biobanks. This article reviews the motivations behind the creation of those biobanks and how they are different from biobanks sponsored by government or industry. It also discusses some of the different funding models being employed by these organizations. Finally, it highlights some of the unique challenges faced by disease-focused foundations and advocacy organizations that sponsor biobanks, and how they are overcoming those challenges to achieve both financial and operational sustainability.

Achievements and challenges in structural bioinformatics and computational biophysics.

PubMed

Samish, Ilan; Bourne, Philip E; Najmanovich, Rafael J

2015-01-01

The field of structural bioinformatics and computational biophysics has undergone a revolution in the last 10 years. Developments that are captured annually through the 3DSIG meeting, upon which this article reflects. An increase in the accessible data, computational resources and methodology has resulted in an increase in the size and resolution of studied systems and the complexity of the questions amenable to research. Concomitantly, the parameterization and efficiency of the methods have markedly improved along with their cross-validation with other computational and experimental results. The field exhibits an ever-increasing integration with biochemistry, biophysics and other disciplines. In this article, we discuss recent achievements along with current challenges within the field. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press.

Achievements and challenges in structural bioinformatics and computational biophysics

PubMed Central

Samish, Ilan; Bourne, Philip E.; Najmanovich, Rafael J.

2015-01-01

Motivation: The field of structural bioinformatics and computational biophysics has undergone a revolution in the last 10 years. Developments that are captured annually through the 3DSIG meeting, upon which this article reflects. Results: An increase in the accessible data, computational resources and methodology has resulted in an increase in the size and resolution of studied systems and the complexity of the questions amenable to research. Concomitantly, the parameterization and efficiency of the methods have markedly improved along with their cross-validation with other computational and experimental results. Conclusion: The field exhibits an ever-increasing integration with biochemistry, biophysics and other disciplines. In this article, we discuss recent achievements along with current challenges within the field. Contact: Rafael.Najmanovich@USherbrooke.ca PMID:25488929

Analysis of a voluntary initiative to reduce sodium in processed and ultra-processed food products in Argentina: the views of public and private sector representatives.

PubMed

Castronuovo, Luciana; Allemandi, Lorena; Tiscornia, Victoria; Champagne, Beatriz; Campbell, Norm; Schoj, Verónica

2017-07-03

The Less Salt, More Life program was the first voluntary salt reduction initiative in Argentina. This article analyzes the perspectives of the stakeholders involved in this voluntary agreement between the Ministry of Health and the food industry to gradually reduce sodium content in processed foods. This exploratory case study used a qualitative approach including 29 in-depth interviews with stakeholders from the public and private sectors and identified the role of the different stakeholders and their perceptions regarding the challenges encountered in the policy process that contribute to the debate on public-private partnerships in health policies. The article also discusses the initiative's main challenges and controversies.

Directing child and adolescent psychiatry training for residents.

PubMed

Sexson, Sandra B

2010-01-01

Directing child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) training for residents is a complex and challenging administrative task that encompasses the broad creativity of the orchestral conductor, the social and interpersonal effectiveness of the best politician, and the orientation to details of the finest accountant. This article examines these roles in detail, recognizing the leadership, administrative, and managerial achievements of the successful child and adolescent program director. Resources for optimizing the chances for success in each of these areas, and the common pitfalls to avoid, are identified and discussed. The article concludes with suggestions for CAP training directors to influence medical student education. Although challenging and sometimes frustrating, the role of the program director in CAP training is almost always exciting and rewarding.

Discussion on ``Teaching the Second Law''

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Silbey, Robert; Beretta, Gian Paolo; Cengel, Yunus; Foley, Andrew; Gyftopoulos, Elias P.; Hatsopoulos, George N.; Keck, James C.; Lewins, Jeffery; Lior, Noam; Nieuwenhuizen, Theodorus M.; Steinfeld, Jeffrey; von Spakovsky, Michael R.; Wang, Lin-Shu; Zanchini, Enzo

2008-08-01

This article reports an open discussion that took place during the Keenan Symposium "Meeting the Entropy Challenge" (held in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on October 5, 2007) following the short presentations—each reported as a separate article in the present volume—by Joseph Smith Jr., Howard Butler, Andrew Foley, Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli, Bernhardt Trout, Jeffery Lewins, Enzo Zanchini, and Michael von Spakovsky. All panelists and the audience were asked to address the following questions • Why is the second law taught in so many different ways? Why so many textbooks on thermodynamics? Why so many schools of thought? • Some say that thermodynamics is limited to equilibrium, others that it extends to nonequilibrium. How is entropy defined for nonequilibrium states?

End of life care - the importance of culture and ethnicity.

PubMed

Clark, Katherine; Phillips, Jane

2010-04-01

Australia is a culturally and ethnically diverse country. Within such diversity there will be differing beliefs systems about death and dying. This may be a challenging prospect for health professionals. This article discusses how cultural diversity may impact care and provides some strategies for the general practitioner when considering the provision of end of life care. This article does not attempt to provide GPs with a prescriptive approach to multicultural care, as this would run the risk of stereotyping individuals. Rather, it discusses the barriers to end of life care among different cultural and ethnic groups, and suggests ways in which to improve understanding of different cultural needs in end of life care.

Transforming your professional self: encouraging lifelong personal and professional growth.

PubMed

Rodts, Mary F; Lamb, Karen V

2008-01-01

Transforming from student nurse to registered nurse is often discussed in a capstone class or a hospital orientation program. Changes in professional plans later in the career continuum often occur, but are not always planned. This article discusses the challenges of change, the need for career planning, stages of role acquisition, role socialization, and role transformation. In addition, it outlines the importance of creating a career plan to meet future career goals.

Ubiquitous Technology in Healthcare and Teaching-Learning: Scourge or Blessing?

PubMed

Yancey, Nan Russell

2017-07-01

The author in this article introduces a discussion of one school of nursing's efforts integrating telehealth education into undergraduate and graduate curricula using King's theory of goal attainment as a guide. The introduction shares a story of loss in a rural setting without access to quality healthcare to highlight the blessing technology may be. However, challenges are discussed that arise through the ubiquitous use of technology in person-to-person communication and relationships.

How nurse leaders can foster a climate of good governance.

PubMed

Bassett, Sally; Westmore, Kathryn

2012-09-01

This article is the first in a series of four examining the components of good corporate governance. Poor governance can result in patients receiving poor quality care; all healthcare professionals, therefore, have a role in ensuring effective governance. This article discusses how an organisation's culture and leadership can contribute to good corporate governance. Nurse leaders can influence the culture of effective governance by building trust and respect and challenging the behaviours that led to poor quality care. The next article in this series will look at how an organisation's systems and processes can affect the effectiveness of its governance.

Internationalisation of Higher Education in South Africa: A Historical Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sehoole, Chika

2006-01-01

Current debates on internationalisation are couched in relation to globalisation, and gives the impression that this phenomenon is new. There is also a tendency to discuss internationalisation in relation to various rationales, with economic rationales being dominant. This article challenges the assumption that internationalisation is something…

Planning Learning Environments for Library Media Programs: An Introduction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klasing, Jane P.; Callison, Daniel

1992-01-01

Klasing discusses the inability of school library facilities to meet current challenges for the delivery of programs and information. Callison then provides an overview of this issue on planning learning environments for school media centers, which contains four articles covering space requirements, ergonomic design, legislation on equal access,…

Law, Pirates, and Piracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Middleton, Tiffany Willey

2010-01-01

Maritime piracy has increasingly been in the news, and in the courtroom, in recent years. This article presents an interview with international legal and overseas piracy expert Douglas Guilfoyle. In this interview, Guilfoyle discusses why piracy is a growing problem and some of the challenges it creates for the international community. He also…

In/Visible Dimensions: Framing the Intercultural Communication Course through a Critical Intercultural Communication Framework

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Halualani, Rona Tamiko

2011-01-01

This article highlights how course material on "culture" and "intercultural communication" faces a distinctive challenge in crafting an engaged power-focused positionality for students. I discuss the importance of incorporating a "critical intercultural communication perspective and practice" into an upper-division diversity/intercultural…

Community Colleges in the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lundberg, Richard, Ed.

2002-01-01

This issue discusses the importance of the community college to higher education in the United States. Contained are six articles: (1) "America's Community Colleges: On the Ascent," by Arthur M. Cohen, which places the strengths and challenges of the American community college within a historical context; (2) "Lamps Beside the Golden Door," by…

High Thinking Processes (HTP): Elements of Curricula and Teaching Able-Learners.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaniel, Shlomo

2002-01-01

This article discusses preparing able learners for the technologically dynamic future by teaching High Thinking Processes (HTP). It describes components of HTP and four main elements for developing HTP: well organized and justified curricula with appropriate tasks; metacognitive teaching; learning communities and challenging environments; and…

Teaching Sexuality through Media

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cragin, Becca

2015-01-01

A central project of feminism has been raising awareness of the role cultural formations of sexuality play in women's inequality (Ritzenhoff and Hermes). Feminists who regularly include discussions of sexuality in their teaching are familiar with the pedagogical challenges of the subject as well as its importance. This article is intended for…

Heterogeneous Catalysis for Thermochemical Conversion | Bioenergy | NREL

Science.gov Websites

redox Ce-ZrO2 support. This article discusses research findings that appropriately frame the challenges to aid in bridging the findings of theoretical and experimental catalysis research, and transforming zeolite active site design from an empirical endeavor into a more predictable science founded on validated

Educational Inequality and Social Justice: Challenges for Career Guidance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Müller, Walter

2014-01-01

The article provides a multiperspective approach to educational careers. It first discusses social justice issues in the distribution of the crucial individual and social good of education. It then summarizes core findings of recent international research on processes and factors generating social disparities in the acquisition of education. Based…

The Teaching of EFL Writing in Indonesia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ariyanti

2016-01-01

Writing is one of the most important aspects in English language acquisition. Teaching writing has its own challenges since there are some steps and requirements that teachers should prepare to undertake in the classroom. This article is aimed to discuss teaching and learning writing in the classroom based on theoretical conceptualisation. In…

Information Equality for Individuals with Disabilities: Does It Exist?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lewis, Jill

2013-01-01

Drawing on the author's experience as an information professional for individuals with disabilities, this article discusses the challenges faced by both library users and staff in obtaining and providing information to this community. It poses four questions: Where do individuals with disabilities fit into diversity studies? Do individuals with…

Closing the Achievement Gap: Challenges and Opportunities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robards, Shirley N.

2008-01-01

Closing the achievement gap between low- and high-achieving public school students is an important goal of public education. This article explores background information and research and discusses examples of best practices to close the achievement gap. Several plans have been proposed as ways to enhance the achievement of under-represented…

Confronting Negative Narratives: The Challenges of Teaching Professional Social Media Use

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

West, Sara

2017-01-01

Because social media skills are increasingly viewed as essential for professionals, social media is incorporated frequently in business communication courses. When students are asked to consider professional uses of social media, however, they are often unwilling to critically engage these technologies. This article continues discussions of…

Professional Self-Esteem or the Evolution of a Profession.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lowenfled, B.

1989-01-01

The article reviews historical challenges met by the blindness field including the epidemics of retrolental fibroplasia and Rubella. It discusses internal developments in the field including the trend from braille class to resource room, changed standards of teacher preparation, future functions of residential schools, and disability-specific…

E-Learning--A Financial and Strategic Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ruth, Stephen R.

2006-01-01

In this article, the author discusses three distinct challenges that demand solutions if traditional universities are to successfully confront the economic realities of distance learning: (1) Many traditional universities are not willing to draw useful lessons from the more advantageous financial and IT models of for-profit or other nontraditional…

An Analysis of Business Education Recruitment Strategies over the Past 25 Years: Then and Now

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robles, Marcel

2009-01-01

This article provides a review, analysis, and synthesis of recruitment strategies for business education from the flourishing 1970s to today's declining enrollments and program suspensions. A historical overview, continuing challenges, and best practices for business education recruitment are discussed. (Contains 1 table.)

Open Content in Open Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kansa, Sarah Whitcher; Kansa, Eric C.

2007-01-01

This article presents the challenges and rewards of sharing research content through a discussion of Open Context, a new open access data publication system for field sciences and museum collections. Open Context is the first data repository of its kind, allowing self-publication of research data, community commentary through tagging, and clear…

Four Types of Disabilities: Their Impact on Online Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crow, Kevin L.

2008-01-01

This article introduced some of the issues and challenges faced by online learners who have disabilities by providing an overview of four major disability categories: visual impairments, hearing impairments, motor impairments, and cognitive impairments. It also discussed how assistive technologies and universal design are being incorporated in…

Thinking beyond "the Way We've Always Done It"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ohler, Lila

2013-01-01

In this article, the author discusses the future potential of electronic resources management (ERM) organization, within the development of the next-generation integrated library systems (ILS), as a very promising strategy. This also presents enormous challenges to ERM librarians though, especially on how to determine standards and workflows. The…

Constructivism and Pedagogical Reform in China: Issues and Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tan, Charlene

2017-01-01

This article critically discusses the constructivist ideas, assumptions and practices that undergird the current pedagogical reform in China. The pedagogical reform is part of a comprehensive curriculum reform that has been introduced across schools in Mainland China. Although the official documents did not specify the underpinning theories for…

A Portable Bioinformatics Course for Upper-Division Undergraduate Curriculum in Sciences

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Floraino, Wely B.

2008-01-01

This article discusses the challenges that bioinformatics education is facing and describes a bioinformatics course that is successfully taught at the California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, to the fourth year undergraduate students in biological sciences, chemistry, and computer science. Information on lecture and computer practice…

School Counselors Serving Students with Disruptive Behavior Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grothaus, Tim

2013-01-01

School counselors are in a prime position to collaborate with school and community stakeholders to both prevent and respond to the challenges experienced and exhibited by students with one or more disruptive behavior disorders (DBD). In this article, the DBDs discussed include conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, intermittent explosive…

Chemical Librarianship: Challenges and Opportunities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Somerville, Arleen N., Ed.

1997-01-01

This volume is a collection of 12 papers of particular interest to librarians specializing in chemistry. The articles discuss the educational role of librarians in several types of institutions, offer new ways of providing information, and describe ways of coping with increasing prices and formats of journals. The first paper offers an overview of…

The Culture of Discovery

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Webber-Thrush, Diane

2009-01-01

Research universities around the world are at work on the most challenging problems of today. The research to-do list includes reforming education and reviving the economy, climate change and genome mapping, curing cancer and curbing obesity--to name just a few of the headline grabbers. This article discusses how advancement professionals serving…

Making Sense of Technology in Educational Leadership Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woelfel, Kay D.; Murray, Kent; Hambright, Alice

2004-01-01

This article discusses the strategies employed by The Citadel School of Education to bring clarity to the challenge of keeping current technology in educational leadership programs. Three strategies are described: (1) Identify the national, state, and university standards; (2) Align the curriculum/instruction; and (3) Support the instructors and…

The Infrastructure of Open Educational Resources

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Marshall S.; Wang, Phoenix M.

2007-01-01

The success of OER is likely to depend on a flexible, extendable infrastructure that will meet the challenges of an evolving World Wide Web. In this article, the authors examine three key dimensions of this infrastructure--technical, legal/cultural/social/political, and research--and discuss possible directions for development. (Contains 1 table…

Governance Challenges in the Initiatives for Out-of-School Children in Tajikistan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lo, William Yat Wai; Maclean, Rupert

2015-01-01

This article discusses the initiatives for out-of-school children in Tajikistan. The Tajik government has published two blueprint documents, namely, the "National Strategy for Education Development 2006-2015" and the "National Strategy for Education Development until 2020," which outlines a national vision for universal access…

Game Face

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weiner, Jill

2005-01-01

In this article, the author discusses "Game Face: Life Lessons Across the Curriculum", a teaching kit that challenges assumptions and builds confidence. Game Face, which is derived from a book and art exhibition, "Game Face: What Does a Female Athlete Look Like?", uses layered and powerful images of women and girls participating in sports to teach…

Helping Metaphors Take Root in the EFL Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lowery, Denise

2013-01-01

Learners of English as a foreign language often find it difficult to understand figurative speech, which relies heavily on metaphor. This article explores why metaphors challenge learners and presents ways to incorporate metaphors into EFL instruction to help learners understand figurative speech. Topics discussed include cognitive metaphor,…

Culturally Competent Children's Mental Health Services: Advances & Challenges. Data Trends #126

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Research and Training Center on Family Support and Children's Mental Health, 2005

2005-01-01

"Data Trends" reports present summaries of research on mental health services for children and adolescents and their families. The article summarized in this "Data Trends" discusses the role of culture in children's development and mental health, disparities, and cultural competence in children's mental health services. Access…

Teaching Marketing through a Micro-Economy in Virtual Reality

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Drake-Bridges, Erin; Strelzoff, Andrew; Sulbaran, Tulio

2011-01-01

Teaching retailing principles to students is a challenge because although real-world wholesale and retail decision making very heavily depends on dynamic conditions, classroom exercises are limited to abstract discussions and role-playing. This article describes two interlocking class projects taught using the virtual reality of secondlife.com,…

Spotlight on Arts Education. Volume 3, Spring, 1988.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina State Dept. of Public Instruction, Raleigh. Div. of Arts Education.

This volume focuses on four North Carolina school systems that have developed strategies for improving teaching and learning environments in arts education. Article 1 discusses the challenge of providing adequate levels of visual arts instruction for exceptional children in Dare County and describes a specific art project for handicapped students…

Indigenous knowledge in Canadian science curricula: cases from Western Canada

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Mijung

2017-09-01

To enhance Aboriginal students' educational opportunities in sciences, culturally relevant science curriculum has been examined and practiced in Western Canadian science classrooms. This article shares some examples of inclusion of indigenous knowledge in science curricula and discusses the improvement and challenges of culturally relevant science curricula in Canadian contexts.

People and Technology Today: Some Educational Implications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rodriguez-Sedano, Alfredo; Paris, Ana Costa; Mut, Maite Dassoy

2011-01-01

The present article approaches some of the educational implications borne by humanity with technological progress. We begin by pointing out significant data that classify what is considered relevant. Then, confronting the future is discussed by analyzing the attitudes necessary to promote the goals. Confronted with these challenges, three possible…

Digital Cheating and Plagiarism in Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ma, Hongyan; Wan, Guofang; Lu, Eric Yong

2008-01-01

Cheating is not a new phenomenon, yet the ways that students cheat and their attitudes toward cheating have changed. The Internet age has brought tremendous opportunities for students and teachers in teaching and learning, and yet it has also brought challenges to academic integrity. This article discusses various reasons why young people cheat…

Future Proof for Physics: Preserving the Record of SLAC

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Deken, Jean Marie

2005-01-01

This article provides a brief introduction to the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), discusses the origins of the SLAC Archives and History Office, its present-day operations, and the present and future challenges it faces in attempting to preserve an accurate historical record of SLAC's activities. (Contains 21 notes.)

Mathematical Modeling: Challenging the Figured Worlds of Elementary Mathematics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wickstrom, Megan H.

2017-01-01

This article is a report on a teacher study group that focused on three elementary teachers' perceptions of mathematical modeling in contrast to typical mathematics instruction. Through the theoretical lens of figured worlds, I discuss how mathematics instruction was conceptualized across the classrooms in terms of artifacts, discourse, and…

Collaborative Outcome Measurement: Development of the Nationally Standardized Minimum Data Set

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stephens, Barry C.; Kirchner, Corinne; Orr, Alberta L.; Suvino, Dawn; Rogers, Priscilla

2009-01-01

This article discusses the challenging process of developing a common data set for independent living programs serving older adults who are visually impaired. The three-year project, which included collaborative efforts among many stakeholders that encompass diverse program models, resulted in the development of the Internet-based Nationally…

Conceptualizing the Linkages between Diversity Experiences and Moral Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Engberg, Mark E.; Porter, Kamaria B.

2013-01-01

The purpose of this article is to advance an understanding of how diversity experiences can potentially foster moral development among college students. An overview of the research linking diversity experiences to moral development is discussed, followed by a presentation of a conceptual framework that demonstrates the nuances and challenges in…

Management of Early Carcinoma of the Ovary

PubMed Central

Chapman, George W.

1988-01-01

Ovarian cancer represents a formidable challenge to physicians. Early symptoms are nonspecific, and are usually attributed to disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Especially important is suspicion of this neoplasm in its early stage. This article discusses the epidemiology, clinical features, evaluation, and treatment of early carcinomas of the ovary. PMID:3071612

Safety and Stability for Foster Children: A Developmental Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harden, Brenda Jones

2004-01-01

Children in foster care face a challenging journey through childhood. In addition to the troubling family circumstances that bring them into state care, they face additional difficulties within the child welfare system that may further compromise their healthy development. This article discusses the importance of safety and stability to healthy…

Conflict as a Catalyst for Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jehangir, Rashne R.

2012-01-01

The author challenges her students and herself to engage with tough issues like class, race, gender, disability, and homophobia. In this article, she discusses how she helps them learn from, and even embrace, the conflict that inevitably arises. Constructive management of classroom conflict begins with creating a cooperative learning environment…

Perspectives on ... Information Literacy in the ''E'' Environment: An Approach for Sustainability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bridgland, Angela; Whitehead, Martha

2005-01-01

This article examines an organizational approach to information literacy at the University of Melbourne involving information specialists who bridge information management, teaching, and technology. It discusses the circumstances leading to this approach, the benefits and challenges of the information specialists' mandate, the importance of social…

Research Politics: Some Issues in Conducting Research for Government as a Client

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Diko, Nolutho; Bantwini, Bongani D.

2013-01-01

Researchers are guided by their ideological and ethical viewpoints when conducting research. Doing research for government challenges them to confront these ideals head-on. This article explores the uncertain terrain researchers sometimes have to negotiate when conducting research for government, and discusses relations between researchers and…

Enzyme Inquiry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rushton, Gregory T.; Dias, Michael; McDurmon, Grant

2008-01-01

In this article, the authors describe a two-phase inquiry lesson in which students explore the catalytic activity of amylase on starch (Rungruangsa and Panijpan 1979). In the first phase, students' prior knowledge about the reaction is assessed through a set of directed prompts and small-group discussion, then challenged or reinforced as students…

Opportunity Knocks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hoskins, Barbara

2009-01-01

Many people are finding themselves in the middle of a messy muddle these days. Faced with budget cuts and the challenge of extending the reach of the institution to increase enrollments, people are in the classic do-more-with-less situation. In this article, the author discusses how distance-education programs can rapidly grow with limited…

Diving into Real World Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saldana, Matt; Rodden, Leslie

2012-01-01

In this article, the authors discuss how educators can engage students in real world learning using their academic knowledge and technical skills. They describe how school districts have discovered that the world of robotics can help students use technical skills to solve simulated problems found in the real world, while understanding the…

Scan This Book!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Albanese, Andrew Richard

2007-01-01

In this article, the author presents an interview with Brewster Kahle, leader of the Open Content Alliance (OCA). OCA book scan program is an alternative to Google's library project that aims to make books accessible online. In this interview, Kahle discusses his views on the challenges of getting books on the Web, on Google's library…

To Block-Schedule or Not?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mowen, Gregg G.; Mowen, Carol

2004-01-01

In this article, the authors discuss the advantages of block scheduling and how it can be an effective educational tool when faced with educational challenges. Block schedules can ease the transition from the homelike atmosphere of the elementary school to the departmentalized environment of the high school by reducing the need for constant class…

Vocational Education and Learning in Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Carvalho, Cynthia Paes

2012-01-01

This article discusses the relationship of students with learning and the university in the context of current challenges to vocational education and economic development. Inspired by the research of Pierre Bourdieu, this case study focuses on the relationship of students to learning and the university in Brazil. The survey gathered elements that…

World History and Teacher Education: Challenges and Possibilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marino, Michael

2011-01-01

This article discusses the role that teacher educators can play in helping their students develop a fuller understanding of world history. Trends such as globalization have led to calls for increased teaching about the diverse cultures and peoples of the world. However, prospective teachers' educational backgrounds have in most cases not…

Exploring Diversity in Supervision and Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heffron, Mary Claire; Grunstein, Sara; Tilmon, Shawniese

2007-01-01

Issues of diversity, such as culture, class, race, and ethnicity, affect all relationships. It can be difficult to explore these issues in supervision, but doing so is imperative to understanding and working effectively with each other and with families. This article explores the challenges associated with discussing issues of diversity, and…

The Hispanic Experience in Physical Education Programs and Departments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hodge, Samuel R.; Cervantes, Carlos M.; Vigo-Valentin, Alexander N.; Canabal-Torres, Maria Y.; Ortiz-Castillo, Esther M.

2012-01-01

The purpose of this article is to discuss challenges and identify strategies to increase the representation of Hispanic faculty in the academy, particularly Physical Education (PE) programs and departments at doctorate-granting universities. Recommendations to increase the presence and improve the experiences of Hispanic faculty are provided.…

The Center Will Sell Itself...and Other Child Care Marketing Myths.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wassom, Julie

1994-01-01

Notes that, with the changing job market, uncertain economy, increased competition, and higher parent expectations, child care center directors face new marketing challenges. This article discusses seven child care marketing myths and offers marketing strategies to child care directors facing potential drops or fluctuations in center enrollment.…

Activist Research and Organizing: Blurring the Boundaries, Challenging the Binaries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Choudry, Aziz

2014-01-01

This article draws from ongoing research into the practices and processes of activist researchers. It discusses social relations of knowledge production located outside of academia with/in social movement milieus. Focusing on the politics of research in people's organizations and social movement organizations in the Philippines, it builds on…

The Challenge of Catholicity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gallin, Alice, Ed.

1988-01-01

The character and mission of Catholic institutions of higher education are discussed in nine articles. Questions that are posed include: what issues of the Catholic tradition need to be further examined; what additional reading of the Vatican II texts are appropriate; how is one to understand the American context within which the Catolic mission…

Including School Resource Officers in School-Based Crisis Intervention: Strengthening Student Support

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

James, Richard K.; Logan, Joan; Davis, Scott A.

2011-01-01

This article discusses the importance of trained police officers, School Resource Officers (SROs), participating in school-based crisis response efforts. These efforts, mostly preventative in nature, mitigate and de-escalate trauma for students exposed to a wide variety of challenging situations. Scenarios are presented with dialogue between…

Beyond Science and Math: Integrating Geography Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grubbs, Michael E.; Grubbs, Steven

2015-01-01

This article discusses the status of World Geography Education and the importance of these concepts in developing 21st century students. Moreover, the authors also showcase how World Geography concepts can be intentionally taught through a technological/engineering, design-based learning challenge that requires students to solve a global housing…

Biomaterials for tissue engineering: summary

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Christenson, L.; Mikos, A. G.; Gibbons, D. F.; Picciolo, G. L.; McIntire, L. V. (Principal Investigator)

1997-01-01

This article summarizes presentations and discussion at the workshop "Enabling Biomaterial Technology for Tissue Engineering," which was held during the Fifth World Biomaterials Congress in May 1996. Presentations covered the areas of material substrate architecture, barrier effects, and cellular response, including analysis of biomaterials challenges involved in producing specific tissue-engineered products.

The Superintendent as Change Leader

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Portis, Carrie; Garcia, Mary W.

2007-01-01

In this article, the authors present Edwin Diaz, superintendent of California's Gilroy Unified School District and discuss the common challenges and strategies among those education leaders who take on--and succeed at--the role of change agent and reformer. When Edwin Diaz became superintendent of California's Gilroy Unified School District in…

Educating for Peace? Citizenship Education in Quebec and Northern Ireland

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Niens, Ulrike; Chastenay, Marie-Helene

2008-01-01

This article explores the theoretical underpinnings of citizenship education as well as issues relating to educational practice to identify and discuss challenges that divided societies, which are characterized by conflicting national or cultural identities, may face in the development and implementation of such programs. Formal education…

Creating Science Assessments that Support Inquiry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Day, Martha; Stobaugh, Rebecca; Tassell, Janet; Neiman, Nicholas

2012-01-01

This article discusses the resources available for teachers to apply higher-level thinking and cognitive complexity to their instruction and assessments. While designing higher-level assessments might be a challenging task, doing so not only can improve student achievement in science, it also prepares students for a changing world. Students learn…

The Philosophical Foundations of Prescriptive Statements and Statistical Inference

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sun, Shuyan; Pan, Wei

2011-01-01

From the perspectives of the philosophy of science and statistical inference, we discuss the challenges of making prescriptive statements in quantitative research articles. We first consider the prescriptive nature of educational research and argue that prescriptive statements are a necessity in educational research. The logic of deduction,…

Locating Tests and Measurement Instruments for Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mastel, Kristen; Morris-Knower, Jim; Marsalis, Scott

2016-01-01

Extension educators, staff, and specialists need to use surveys and other measurement instruments to assess their programming and conduct other research. Challenges in locating tests and measurement tools, however, include lack of time and lack of familiarity with techniques that can be used to find them. This article discusses library resources…

Definitely NOT Alone! Online Resources and Websites Help Keep School Librarians Connected

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Church, Audrey P.

2011-01-01

Being a solo librarian today is certainly challenging; however, because of technological interconnectedness, today's solo librarian is definitely not alone. Technology allows a school librarian to immediately and constantly connect and interact with other school librarians. This article discusses online resources and websites that will allow a…

Having our Say: African American Women, Diversity, and Counseling

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bryant, Rhonda M.; Coker, Angela D.; Durodoye, Beth A.; McCollum, Vivian J.; Pack-Brown, Sherlon P.; Constantine, Madonna G.; O'Bryant, Beverly J.

2005-01-01

This article presents the voices of seven African American female counselor educators. The authors, having formally and informally collaborated in multiple settings over the past few years, decided to illuminate the challenges and successes of African American female counselor educators to add another dimension to our profession's discussion on…

The Edges of the Ocean: An Introduction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burke, Kevin

1979-01-01

Introduces a series of related articles on the study of ocean/continent boundaries (margins) within the framework of plate tectonics. Topics discussed include: early attempts to interpret ocean/continent boundaries, Atlantic-type margins, Pacific-type margins, the edges of ancient oceans, and future challenges in the study of continental margins.…

Balancing Fun and Learning in a Serious Game Design

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Franzwa, Christopher; Tang, Ying; Johnson, Aaron; Bielefeldt, Talbot

2014-01-01

This article presents the underlying philosophy of Sustain City, an educational serious game system that engages students, particularly prospective and beginning science and engineering students, in a series of engineering design challenges. Various strategies implemented in Sustain City for achieving a balance of fun and learning are discussed,…

On the Need to Repoliticise Environmental and Sustainability Education: Rethinking the Postpolitical Consensus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sund, Louise; Öhman, Johan

2014-01-01

This article draws attention to the possibilities of the ongoing philosophical discussion about cosmopolitan universal values in relation to the normative challenges in environmental and sustainability education (ESE). The purpose of this paper is to clarify the philosophical problems of addressing universally sustainable responsibilities and…

Looking for the Lightning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kauffman, James M.

1996-01-01

Reflects on previous articles in the same journal on preparation of special education teachers. Discusses the need for special educators to focus their efforts more on teaching the teachers, rather than on system change. Also addresses the challenge of detailing the differences and similarities in students, tasks, and instruction that are relevant…

Optical interference coatings for optics and photonics [Invited].

PubMed

Lee, Cheng-Chung

2013-01-01

Optical interference coatings play as an important role in the progress in optics and photonics. In this article we give a minireview of the evolution of optical interference coatings from the theory, the design, to the manufacture. Some interesting but challenging topics for the future are also discussed.

Strategies in disability management. Corporate disability management programs implemented at the work site.

PubMed

Kalina, C M

1999-10-30

Managers are challenged to demonstrate all programs as economically essential to the business, generating an appreciable return on investment. Further challenge exists to blend and integrate clinical and business objectives in program development. Disability management programs must be viewed as economically essential to the financial success of the business to assure management support for clinical interventions and return-to-work strategies essential for a successful program. This paper discusses a disability management program integrating clinical and business goals and objectives in return-to-work strategies to effect positive clinical, social-cultural, and business results. Clinical, educational, social, and economic challenges in the development, implementation, and continued management of a disability program at a large corporation with multiple global work sites are defined. Continued discussion addresses the effective clinical interventions and educational strategies utilized successfully within the workplace environment in response to each defined challenge. A multiple disciplinary team approach, clinical and business outcome measures, and quality assurance indicators are discussed as major program components. This article discusses a successful program approach focusing on business process and methodology. These parameters are used to link resources to strategy, developing a product for implementing and managing a program demonstrating economic value added through effective clinical medical case management.

APA efforts in promoting human rights and social justice.

PubMed

Leong, Frederick T L; Pickren, Wade E; Vasquez, Melba J T

2017-11-01

This article reviews the American Psychological Association's (APA) efforts in promoting human rights and social justice. Beginning with a historical review of the conceptualizations of human rights and social justice, the social challenges that have faced the United States over time are discussed in relation to the APA's evolving mission and strategic initiatives enacted through its boards, committees, and directorates. From early efforts on the Board for Social and Ethical Responsibility in Psychology and the Board of Ethnic Minority Affairs to the establishment of the Public Interest Directorate, the APA's efforts to address these human rights and social justice challenges through its task force reports, guidelines, and policies are described. Specifically, issues related to diversity and underrepresentation of minority group members and perspective within the APA, as well as women's issues (prochoice, violence against women, sexualization of young girls, human trafficking) were central to these efforts. These minority groups included racial and ethnic minority groups; immigrants and refugees; lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgendered, and queer individuals; and those with disabilities. Later attention shifted to broader social justice challenges within a public health perspective, such as AIDS, obesity, and violence. Also included is a brief discussion of the Hoffman Report. The article ends with a discussion of future directions for the APA's efforts related to human rights and social justice related to health disparities, violent extremism, social inequality, migration, cultural and racial diversity, and an evidence-based approach to programming. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Conducting transcultural research: critical thinking in Thailand.

PubMed

Jenkins, Sheryl D

2011-01-01

Little has been written to help researchers prepare for the unique challenges of conducting transcultural research. The purpose of this article is to discuss issues that arose during the planning and execution of a transcultural study designed to compare critical thinking in Thailand and the United States. The challenges of identifying a research site, selecting participants, incorporating Thai research into the literature review, traveling and living in a foreign culture, overcoming cultural barriers to research, and strengthening internal validity and reliability are addressed.

Optimizing Health Care Environmental Hygiene.

PubMed

Carling, Philip C

2016-09-01

This article presents a review and perspectives on aspects of optimizing health care environmental hygiene. The topics covered include the epidemiology of environmental surface contamination, a discussion of cleaning health care patient area surfaces, an overview of disinfecting health care surfaces, an overview of challenges in monitoring cleaning versus cleanliness, a description of an integrated approach to environmental hygiene and hand hygiene as interrelated disciplines, and an overview of the research opportunities and challenges related to health care environmental hygiene. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The 10-year anniversary of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation: achievements and challenges.

PubMed

Perk, Joep; DeBacker, Guy; Saner, Hugo; Wood, David; Giannuzzi, Pantaleo; Gielen, Stephan; Pelloiccia, Antonio

2015-10-01

On the occasion of the 2014 European Society of Cardiology annual congress in Barcelona the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (EACPR) will celebrate its 10-year anniversary, having been initiated in Munich in 2004. In this article each EACPR president gives their personal recollections and views on the main achievements under their leadership and discusses the challenges for preventive cardiology that still lay ahead. © The European Society of Cardiology 2014.

Management Issues in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients with Trauma.

PubMed

Ahmed, Omar Z; Burd, Randall S

2017-10-01

The management of critically ill pediatric patients with trauma poses many challenges because of the infrequency and diversity of severe injuries and a paucity of high-level evidence to guide care for these uncommon events. This article discusses recent recommendations for early resuscitation and blood component therapy for hypovolemic pediatric patients with trauma. It also highlights the specific types of injuries that lead to severe injury in children and presents challenges related to their management. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Informational Support in Pediatric Oncology: Review of the Challenges Among Arab Families.

PubMed

Otmani, Naïma; Khattab, Mohammed

2016-11-18

Childhood cancer and its invasive treatment is a distressing life experience for the child and his family. Providing informational support is an essential part of community care, and defining parent's burden is an important part of this goal. However, providing such information can be particularly challenging in Arab countries where beliefs, traditions, religion, and socioeconomic factors influence parents' needs and their priorities of needs. This article presents a review of these specificities among Arab families. Implications of health-care providers are also discussed.

Responsible authorship in engineering fields: an overview of current ethical challenges.

PubMed

Borenstein, Jason

2011-06-01

The primary aim of this article is to identify ethical challenges relating to authorship in engineering fields. Professional organizations and journals do provide crucial guidance in this realm, but this cannot replace the need for frequent and diligent discussions in engineering research communities about what constitutes appropriate authorship practice. Engineering researchers should seek to identify and address issues such as who is entitled to be an author and whether publishing their research could potentially harm the public.

Participant supervision: supervisor and supervisee experiences of cotherapy.

PubMed

Falke, Stephanie I; Lawson, Lindsey; Pandit, Mayuri L; Patrick, Elizabeth A

2015-04-01

Participant supervision is a unique application of live supervision in which a supervisor and supervisee see clients conjointly. Although minimally discussed in the family therapy literature, it has notable advantages, chief among them being a shared clinical experience that increases attunement to supervisee skill and development, the modeling of skillful intervention, and a higher degree of collegiality. However, it is not without its challenges, including supervisee vulnerability and anxiety, diffusion of responsibility, and limited time for case discussion. This article highlights the experience of one supervisor and three doctoral-level supervisees engaging in participant supervision over the course of a 2-year period. Using illustrative examples, we discuss our experience of the advantages and challenges of participant supervision, and provide recommendations for establishing a collaborative relational context within which supervisory benefits can be maximized. © 2013 American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy.

Teaching ethics in a Masters Program in Public Health in Lithuania

PubMed Central

Jakusovaite, Irayda; Bankauskaite, Vaida

2007-01-01

This article aims to present 10 years of experience of teaching ethics in a Masters Program in Public Health in Lithuania, and to discuss the content, skills, teaching approach and tools of this programme. In addition, the article analyses the links between ethics and law, identifies the challenges of the teaching process and suggests future teaching strategies. The important role of teaching ethics in countries that are in transition owing to a radically changing value system is emphasised. PMID:17601872

When Is It Appropriate to Put a Live Donor at Risk to Help Another Patient?

PubMed

Khandelwal, Anjay

2018-06-01

This article considers the nature and scope of ethical decision making in monozygotic sibling (MZS) skin grafting. Although rare, identical twin-to-twin skin grafting has been reported with excellent survival rates in burn patients. Of 16 cases published to date, only a few address the ethical decision making process that is involved with monozygotic sibling skin grafting; this article discusses clinical indications and ethical challenges. © 2018 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.

Ethics in global surgery.

PubMed

Wall, Anji E

2014-07-01

Global surgery, while historically a small niche, is becoming a larger part of the global health enterprise. This article discusses the burden of global surgery, emphasizing the importance of addressing surgical needs in low- and middle-income countries. It describes the barriers to surgical care in the developing world, the ethical challenges that these barriers create, and strategies to overcome these barriers. It emphasizes the crucial role of preparation for global surgical interventions as a way to maximize benefits as well as minimize harms and ethical challenges. It ends with the cautionary statement that preparation does not eliminate ethical problems, so surgical volunteers must be prepared not only for the technical challenges of global surgery but also for the ethical challenges.

Adaptive Management: From More Talk to Real Action

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Williams, Byron K.; Brown, Eleanor D.

2014-02-01

The challenges currently facing resource managers are large-scale and complex, and demand new approaches to balance development and conservation goals. One approach that shows considerable promise for addressing these challenges is adaptive management, which by now is broadly seen as a natural, intuitive, and potentially effective way to address decision-making in the face of uncertainties. Yet the concept of adaptive management continues to evolve, and its record of success remains limited. In this article, we present an operational framework for adaptive decision-making, and describe the challenges and opportunities in applying it to real-world problems. We discuss the key elements required for adaptive decision-making, and their integration into an iterative process that highlights and distinguishes technical and social learning. We illustrate the elements and processes of the framework with some successful on-the-ground examples of natural resource management. Finally, we address some of the difficulties in applying learning-based management, and finish with a discussion of future directions and strategic challenges.

Technology-mediated therapy for chronic pain management: the challenges of adapting behavior change interventions for delivery with pervasive communication technology.

PubMed

Rosser, Benjamin A; McCullagh, Paul; Davies, Richard; Mountain, Gail A; McCracken, Lance; Eccleston, Christopher

2011-04-01

Adapting therapeutic practice from traditional face-to-face exchange to remote technology-based delivery presents challenges for the therapist, patient, and technical writer. This article documents the process of therapy adaptation and the resultant specification for the SMART2 project-a technology-based self-management system for assisting long-term health conditions, including chronic pain. Focus group discussions with healthcare professionals and patients were conducted to inform selection of therapeutic objectives and appropriate technology. Pertinent challenges are identified, relating to (1) reduction and definition of therapeutic objectives, and (2) how to approach adaptation of therapy to a form suited to technology delivery. The requirement of the system to provide dynamic and intelligent responses to patient experience and behavior is also emphasized. Solutions to these challenges are described in the context of the SMART2 technology-based intervention. More explicit discussion and documentation of therapy adaptation to technology-based delivery within the literature is encouraged.

Ethics of knowing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Mijung

2015-12-01

The gap between knowledge and action has become a critical concern in the discussion of participatory scientific literacy for citizenship where one's decision making and action are central to alleviate socioscientific and environmental challenges in the current society. With the emphasis of action, Hoeg, Lemelin, and Bencze suggest an activist approach to bring out the responsibility of knowledge through one's action. This article will further discuss the integrity of knowing and action based on Varela's immediate coping and Levinas' notion of hostage toward others.

Anatomy and physiology of the aging neck.

PubMed

Shadfar, Scott; Perkins, Stephen W

2014-05-01

This article discusses the surgically relevant anatomic and physiologic tenets of the aging neck. Procedures performed to rejuvenate and contour the aging neck can be challenging. A thorough understanding of the underlying neck anatomy, as well as the physiology associated with aging, is critical for surgical planning, execution, and achieving aesthetically pleasing outcomes. These topics are reviewed and used as the foundation for a discussion of various other techniques. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Observing real-world groups in the virtual field: The analysis of online discussion.

PubMed

Giles, David C

2016-09-01

This article sets out to establish the naturalistic study of online social communication as a substantive topic in social psychology and to discuss the challenges of developing methods for a formal analysis of the structural and interactional features of message threads on discussion forums. I begin by outlining the essential features of online communication and specifically discussion forum data, and the important ways in which they depart from spoken conversation. I describe the handful of attempts to devise systematic analytic techniques for adapting methods such as conversation and discourse analysis to the study of online discussion. I then present a case study of a thread from the popular UK parenting forum Mumsnet which presents a number of challenges for existing methods, and examine some of the interactive phenomena typical of forums. Finally, I consider ways in which membership categorization analysis and social identity theory can complement one another in the exploration of both group processes and the rhetorical deployment of identities as dynamic phenomena in online discussion. © 2016 The British Psychological Society.

Development of a surgical educational research program-fundamental principles and challenges.

PubMed

Ahmed, Kamran; Ibrahim, Amel; Anderson, Oliver; Patel, Vanash M; Zacharakis, Emmanouil; Darzi, Ara; Paraskeva, Paraskevas; Athanasiou, Thanos

2011-05-15

Surgical educational research is the scientific investigation of any aspect of surgical learning, teaching, training, and assessment. The research into development and validation of educational tools is vital to optimize patient care. This can be accomplished by establishing high quality educational research programs within academic surgical departments. This article aims to identify the components involved in educational research and describes the challenges as well as solutions to establishing a high quality surgical educational research program. A variety of sources including journal articles, books, and online literature were reviewed in order to determine the pathways involved in conducting educational research and establishing a research program. It is vital to ensure that educational research is acceptable, innovative, robust in design, funded correctly, and disseminated successfully. Challenges faced by the current surgical research programs include structural organization, academic support, credibility, time, funding, relevance, and growth. The solutions to these challenges have been discussed. To ensure research in surgical education is of high quality and yields credible results, strong leadership in the organization of an educational research program is necessary. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Controversy over the Pledge of Allegiance Continues

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Russo, Charles J.

2010-01-01

This article discusses the steady stream of litigation that emerged shortly after the Pledge of Allegiance was introduced in 1892. The constitutionality of requiring students to take part in its daily recitation in schools continues to be challenged. Parents who objected to the statute and the words "under God" in the pledge filed suit, alleging…

Practitioners' Views on Involving Young Children in Decision Making: Challenges for the Children's Rights Agenda

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hudson, Kim

2012-01-01

This article presents the key findings and discussion from a research project and subsequent report: "Involving young children in decision making: An exploration of practitioners' views". This research explored early childhood practitioners'--childcare workers, kindergarten, pre-primary and grade 1-2 teachers--views on decision making…

Institutionalizing Inclusion in the In-Between

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Felten, Peter

2017-01-01

Author Peter Felten reflects on the shifting of his institutional position over the past seven years or so away from the teaching center into the provost's office at Elon University. In this article he discusses the fact that the transition has challenged his assumptions about the most effective ways of cultivating inclusive learning environments…

Images, Speech Balloons, and Artful Representation: Comics as Visual Narratives of Early Career Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawrence, Julian; Lin, Ching-Chiu; Irwin, Rita

2017-01-01

The ways in which teachers adjust to challenges in the process of becoming professionals are complicated. Teacher mentorship, however, is an important step to creating and sustaining a strong professional career. This article discusses new understandings from a Canadian research project: "Pedagogical Assemblage: Building and Sustaining…

Using Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) in Language Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goertler, Senta

2009-01-01

This article discusses how new and familiar computer technology tools can be used in a communicative language classroom. It begins by outlining the benefits and challenges of using such technology for language teaching in general, and it describes some sample activities that the author has used. Readers are shown how to implement various computer…

Rural and Remote Social Welfare Practice: Differences and Similarities in the Australian Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Green, Rosemary; Gregory, Raeleene

2004-01-01

Welfare practice in rural and remote areas has some particular challenges for professionals. There is a developing body of knowledge about the differences between urban and rural welfare practice, and some evidence that remote practice is experienced differently from rural practice. This article provides an introductory discussion of the…

Polling on a Budget: Implementing Telephone Surveys in Introductory and Advanced American Politics Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williamson, Jonathan

2011-01-01

Research suggests that student learning is enhanced when students are engaged through active learning strategies. In studying public opinion and polling, challenges include the provision of meaningful active learning environments when resources are limited. In this article, I discuss the design and implementation of telephone surveys as a teaching…

How Can Social Psychology and Group Dynamics Assist in Curriculum Development?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chin, Jeffrey; May, Matthew; Sullivan-Chin, Honora; Woodrick, Kaylyn

2014-01-01

This article discusses some of the challenges departments face as they embark on curriculum development. The interpersonal dynamics of a department are often the first and most difficult obstacle to overcome but are often overlooked. The author suggests some strategies for how to address these issues as they arise.

The Nigerian State and Global Economic Crises: Socio-Political Implications and Policy Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olaopa, O. R.; Ogundari, I. O.; Akindele, S. T.; Hassan, O. M.

2012-01-01

This article discusses how economic reforms, as a reaction to the effects of the global financial crises, have intensified popular unrests and redefined the composition, interests, and socio-economic and political attitudes of Nigeria's increasingly complex social strata. We relied basically on secondary data to analyze some of the fundamental…

A Service-Learning Project: Linking an Art Museum, Honors Students, and the Visual Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cempellin, Leda

2012-01-01

This article focuses on the structure, challenges, and outcomes of a service-learning project experimented by an art historian in an innovative special topics course Museum Experience, cross-listed with an Honors art appreciation course. The discussion includes: creating a new course content planned according to a multidisciplinary perspective…

Context and Relationships, Past and Present: The Role of Authority in Information Discovery

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adamich, Tom

2010-01-01

This article provides an overview of and rationale for the use of authority in school libraries--from both an historical and current/future perspective. First, the importance of consistent, meaningful authority term context and form is discussed. Then, the exciting, yet challenging, role of authority in today's information world is…

Postscript: Contrasting Predictions for Preference Reversal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Usher, Marius; Tsetsos, Konstantinos; Chater, Nick

2010-01-01

In this post scrit, the authors discuss an article by Hotaling, Busemeyer, and Li which provided a valuable reply to the challenges the current authors raised for the decision field theory (DFT) account of preference reversal in multiattribute choice. They agree with Hotaling, Busemeyer, and Li's observation that with the addition of an internal…

Action Research in Urban Schools: Empowerment, Transformation, and Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Razfar, Aria

2011-01-01

This article examines the experiences of a cohort of seven urban educators who conducted action research over a two-year period. Of the seven participants, six were teacher-researchers ("TRs") and one was a bilingual coordinator. The author provides an analysis of focus group discussions conducted after the completion of the action research…

A Sound Education for All: Multicultural Issues in Music Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Jr., Bob L.

2004-01-01

Establishing the legitimacy of the arts within the larger school curriculum is a defining issue in arts education. Within the context of this perennial challenge, this article examines two multicultural issues in music education: equal music education opportunity and the idiomatic hegemony of the Western classical tradition. Discussions of the…

South Asian Parents' Aspirations versus Teachers' Expectations in the United Kingdom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crozier, Gill

2009-01-01

This article explores teacher expectations of second-generation UK South Asian students (of Bangladeshi and Pakistani heritage) and their views of the parents as lacking high aspirations for their children. A range of misguided perceptions and stereotypical views are discussed and challenged. The author argues that these views are largely based on…

From Hamburg to Belem: The Limits of Technocratic Thinking in Adult Learning Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Torres, Carlos Alberto

2015-01-01

This article discusses some of the generalized analyses of adult learning education, mostly informed by technocratic thinking, highlighting perceived trends in adult learning education between CONFINTEA V and CONFITEA VI. Those trends could be understood as challenges. Employing a political sociology of adult learning education as a critique of…

Modeling and Intervening across Time in Scientific Inquiry Exploratory Learning Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ting, Choo-Yee; Phon-Amnuaisuk, Somnuk; Chong, Yen-Kuan

2008-01-01

This article aims at discussing how Dynamic Decision Network (DDN) can be employed to tackle the challenges in modeling temporally variable scientific inquiry skills and provision of adaptive pedagogical interventions in INQPRO, a scientific inquiry exploratory learning environment for learning O'level Physics. We begin with an overview of INQPRO…

Training Emotional and Social Competences in Higher Education: The Seminar Methodology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oberst, Ursula; Gallifa, Josep; Farriols, Nuria; Vilaregut, Anna

2009-01-01

This article discusses the importance of emotional and social competences in higher education and presents a training model. In 1991, Ramon Llull University of Barcelona (Spain) created the Seminar methodology to tackle these challenges. A general model derived from the Emotional Intelligence concept and the general principles of this methodology…

Naming the Enemy: An Art Therapy Intervention for Children with Bipolar and Comorbid Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henley, David

2007-01-01

Treatment and diagnosis for the pediatric form of bipolar disorder presents a clinical challenge given the differences from its adult counterpart and the various comorbid forms that complicate presentation and developmental course. This article discusses manifestations of early onset bipolar disorder and offers a method for implementing art…

Nonverbal Behavior, Status, and Gender: How Do We Understand Their Relations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hall, Judith A.

2006-01-01

The causes of gender differences in nonverbal behavior are not well understood. The present article discusses status as a possible explanation and analyzes some of the methodological and conceptual challenges associated with testing that hypothesis. The study by Helweg-Larsen, Cunningham, Carrico, and Pergram (2004), which investigated gender in…

Recipes for Life

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waltz, Josephine

2007-01-01

In this article, the author discusses how her sixth-grade students gained writing skills and learned to "dream big dreams." She wanted to celebrate literacy, and also create something that could raise funds to support literacy projects, so she challenged her students to write to their favorite authors and ask each for a recipe. The end result of…

The Dubious Promise of Educational Technologies: Historical Patterns and Future Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cuban, Larry; Jandric, Petar

2015-01-01

In this article, Larry Cuban discusses his ideas about the topic of this Special Issue of E-learning and Digital Media "Networked Realms and Hoped-For Futures: A Trans-Generational Dialogue" with one of its co-editors, Petar Jandric. The conversation explores the historical relationships between education and information and…

Self-Determination of Pupils with Intellectual Disabilities in Norwegian Secondary School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sagen, Line Melboe; Ytterhus, Borgunn

2014-01-01

This article examines how the self-determination of pupils with intellectual disabilities is practised in secondary school in Norway and discusses possible challenges connected to this practice. The argumentation builds on the fieldwork of qualitative interviews (N?=?55) and participant observations in schools in Norway (pupils 13-16?years old).…

Educational contracts in family medicine residency training.

PubMed Central

Mahood, S.; Rojas, R.; Andres, D.; Zagozeski, C.; White, G.; Bradel, T.

1994-01-01

An educational contract for family medicine residency training and evaluation addresses many of the difficulties and challenges of current postgraduate medical education. This article identifies important principles for developing a contractual approach; describes the contract used in one program and its implementation; and discusses its theory, advantages, and limitations. Images p550-a PMID:8199512

In Search of the Right Questions: Language Background Profiling at Ontario Public Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Slavkov, Nikolay

2016-01-01

This article examines some of the challenges that the notion of a (monolingual) native speaker faces in a global context of increasing awareness that bilingualism and multilingualism are the norm rather than the exception. It also discusses the distinction between two child language acquisition environments, bilingual first language acquisition…

A Manifesto for Scholarly Publishing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dougherty, Peter J.

2009-01-01

While university presses grapple with the economic and technological challenges now affecting how books are published--the subject of a thousand and one AAUP conference sessions, e-mail-list debates, and news articles--discussion of "what" is published seems to have taken a back seat. And understandably so. Why obsess about content if books are…

"But Aren't Cults Bad?": Active Learning, Productive Chaos, and Teaching New Religious Movements

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zeller, Benjamin E.

2015-01-01

This article considers the challenges inherent when teaching about new religious movements ("cults"), how successful instructors have surmounted them, and how teacher-scholars in other fields of religious studies can benefit from a discussion of the successful teaching of new religions. I note that student-centered pedagogies are crucial…

Piano Performance: Group Classes for the Lifelong Learner

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haddon, Elizabeth

2017-01-01

This qualitative research presents data relating to eight amateur pianists who completed a 10-week Piano Performance course for lifelong learners at the University of York, UK. This article discusses the development of learning through the impact of group participation, challenges faced by learners and pedagogical strategies used by the leader to…

Compensatory Advantage as a Mechanism of Educational Inequality: A Regression Discontinuity Based on Month of Birth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bernardi, Fabrizio

2014-01-01

Compensatory advantage is a mechanism of social stratification that complements cumulative advantage and path dependence. In this article, I first discuss the theoretical foundations of the compensatory advantage and path dependence mechanisms and the methodological challenges that complicate identification of their effects. Next, I present a…

Providing Lifelines for Our Nation's Homeless Youth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duffield, Barbara

2013-01-01

This article discusses educational challenges for homeless children and explains how districts can and must meet their needs. According to the U.S. Department of Education Federal Data Collection, 1,065,794 homeless children and youth were enrolled in public schools for the school year 2010-2011, the highest number on record. After listing…

A Design Case of Scaffolding Hybrid/Online Student-Centered Learning with Multimedia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hsiao, E-Ling; Mikolaj, Peter; Shih, Ya-Ting

2017-01-01

Implementing student-centered learning in hybrid/online settings is very challenging due to the physical separation of instructor and students. This article discusses the need for instructors to provide scaffolds and multimedia modules to facilitate knowledge construction in the student-centered learning process. To offer students solid learning…

Student Internships in Lithuania: A Stakeholder Perspective on Management and Economics Programmes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaminskiene, Lina; Rutkiene, Aušra

2012-01-01

The article discusses the practice of internships in Lithuanian higher education in the context of changes and challenges to educational reforms, particularly in the enhancement of relations with the labour market and related stakeholders. Higher education institutions are grappling with the changing conception, and duration, of the internship.…

Microcomputer Applications in Administration and Instruction. New Directions for Community Colleges, Number 47.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dellow, Donald A., Ed.; Poole, Lawrence H., Ed.

1984-01-01

The articles in this collection identify and discuss challenges facing community colleges as they attempt to implement the new microcomputer technology for instructional and administrative purposes. The collection includes: "The Microcomputer Revolution and Its Impact on Community Colleges," by Donald A. Dellow and Lawrence H. Poole;…

Development and Implementation of a Multisite Evaluation for the Women, Co-Occurring Disorders and Violence Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Giard, Julienne; Hennigan, Karen; Huntington, Nicholas; Vogel, Wendy; Rinehart, Debbie; Mazelis, Ruta; Nadlicki, Terri; Veysey, Bonita M.

2005-01-01

In this article we describe the development and implementation of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's (SAMHSA's) multisite Women, Co-Occurring Disorders and Violence Study (WCDVS), highlighting some of the challenges encountered, decisions made, and lessons learned. Four themes are discussed. First, the unique…

Peripheral nerve injuries secondary to missiles.

PubMed

Katzman, B M; Bozentka, D J

1999-05-01

Peripheral nerve injuries secondary to missiles can present some of the most challenging problems faced by hand surgeons. This article reviews the pertinent neural anatomy, injury classifications, and repair techniques. Options in the management of nerve gaps are presented including the use of vascularized nerve grafts. The results are discussed and a treatment algorithm is presented.

A Sociocultural Reflection on Formative Assessment and Collaborative Challenges in the States of Jersey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crossouard, Barbara

2009-01-01

Drawing upon data arising from an evaluation carried out for the Jersey educational authority, this article discusses the interaction of two professional development initiatives, formative assessment and critical skills thinking, bringing the two initiatives together from the perspective of Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT). This allows…

Professional Doctorates: A Pathway to Legitimacy for Non-Academic HE Professionals?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moran, Eamonn; Misra, Debananda

2018-01-01

This article discusses the current challenges faced by the two authors--both participants on a professional doctorate (PD) programme in education at a leading UK university--in gaining legitimacy as higher education (HE) professionals. By: (1) reflecting upon their own professional experiences in HE and as PD students; (2) utilizing…

The Trouble with Zero

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lewis, Robert

2015-01-01

The history of the number zero is an interesting one. In early times, zero was not used as a number at all, but instead was used as a place holder to indicate the position of hundreds and tens. This article briefly discusses the history of zero and challenges the thinking where divisions using zero are used.

Servant Leadership, Africanization, and Disruptive Innovation as Conditions for Effective Leadership at UNISA

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Clayton; Gardner, J. Clark

2012-01-01

This article discusses effective leadership in educational environments and in particular focuses on the current situation at the University of South Africa (UNISA). The end of Apartheid in South Africa has brought many opportunities but also some challenges especially in education. Three conditions that contribute to ensuring strong distance…

Media and the Earth: Challenging the Consumer Culture.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Silver, Rosalind, Ed.; Thoman, Elizabeth, Ed.

1990-01-01

This issue provides a springboard for discussion for using media awareness as a catalyst for environmental change. Articles in this issue include: (1) "No More Business as Usual" (John De Mott); (2) "Covering the World" (Mark Hartsgaard); (3) "Earth's Star Rises in Hollywood" (Rosalind Silver); (4) "Artistic Activism Reaches the Young"; (5) "Where…

Praxis in Early Childhood Research with Infants and Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Salamon, Andi

2017-01-01

As emerging literature reflects, "praxis" is an important and useful concept for thinking about the many aspects of early childhood education (ECE) and early childhood research. In this article, I seek to contribute to discussions about praxis in ECE as a valuable concept for meeting the ethical challenges that arise in participatory…

Varieties of Variation in a Very Small Place: Social Homogeneity, Prestige Norms, and Linguistic Variation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dorian, Nancy C.

1994-01-01

Discusses the assumption that linguistic heterogeneity reflects social heterogeneity. The article examines a challenge to this assumption evident in the Gaelic-speaking communities of East Sutherland, Scotland, with homogeneous populations showing well-established patterns of language variation that do not correlate with socioeconomic status. (38…

Social Media, Collaboration and Social Learning--A Case-Study of Foreign Language Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mondahl, Margrethe; Razmerita, Liana

2014-01-01

Social media has created new possibilities for digitally native students to engage, interact and collaborate in learning tasks that foster learning processes and the overall learning experience. Using both qualitative and quantitative data, this article discusses experiences and challenges of using a social media-enhanced collaborative learning…

Illness as Teacher: Learning from Illness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yoo, Joanne

2017-01-01

This article is a conceptual exploration into the value of illness, bodies and embodied practice in teacher education. It draws on my reflections and practitioner accounts of poor health to investigate the potential to learn from illness. I position myself in this discussion as a non-tenured academic who experiences the challenges of her uncertain…

Perspectives On... Roaches, Guerrillas, and ''Librarians on the Loose''

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Macke, Barbara

2005-01-01

Sophistication and accessibility can be dangerous bedfellows, especially when it comes to information sources. One of the real challenges in undergraduate academic libraries can be connecting students in a meaningful way to the resources that will be most helpful and understandable for them. This article discusses how techniques borrowed from the…

Chapter 2: The Need for Physical Protection, Safety, and Regulation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brazelton, T. Berry; Greenspan, Stanley I.

2007-01-01

This article discusses the need for physical protection and care of infants and young children and families. One of the most important preventable challenges to children's physical safety and protection is toxic substances in their environment. Many toxic substances that affect the central nervous system are in drinking water, soil, air, and areas…

Philosophical Challenges for Researchers at the Interface between Neuroscience and Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howard-Jones, Paul

2008-01-01

This article examines how discussions around the new interdisciplinary research area combining neuroscience and education have brought into sharp relief differences in the philosophies of learning in these two areas. It considers the difficulties faced by those working at the interface between these two areas and, in particular, it focuses on the…

Overview of Silicon Carbide Technology: Device, Converter, System, and Application

DOE PAGES

Wang, Fei; Zhang, Zheyu

2016-12-28

This article overviews the silicon carbide (SiC) technology. The focus is on the benefits of SiC based power electronics for converters and systems, as well as their ability in enabling new applications. The challenges and research trends on the design and application of SiC power electronics are also discussed.

Modeling in the Common Core State Standards

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tam, Kai Chung

2011-01-01

The inclusion of modeling and applications into the mathematics curriculum has proven to be a challenging task over the last fifty years. The Common Core State Standards (CCSS) has made mathematical modeling both one of its Standards for Mathematical Practice and one of its Conceptual Categories. This article discusses the need for mathematical…

Questions from the Rough Ground: Teaching, Autobiography and the Cosmopolitan "I"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johansson, Viktor

2015-01-01

In this article I explore how cosmopolitanism can be a challenge for ordinary language philosophy. I also explore cosmopolitan aspects of Stanley Cavell's ordinary language philosophy. Beginning by considering the moral aspects of cosmopolitanism and some examples of discussions of cosmopolitanism in philosophy of education, I turn to the scene of…

Learning in a Network: A "Third Way" between School Learning and Workplace Learning?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bottrup, Pernille

2005-01-01

Purpose--The aim of this article is to examine network-based learning and discuss how participation in network can enhance organisational learning. Design/methodology/approach--In recent years, companies have increased their collaboration with other organisations, suppliers, customers, etc., in order to meet challenges from a globalised market.…

Neoliberalism in the Academic Borderlands: An On-Going Struggle for Equality and Human Rights

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Darder, Antonia

2012-01-01

The article examines the negative impact of neoliberal policies upon the work of border intellectuals within the university, whose scholarship seeks to explicitly challenge longstanding structural inequalities and social exclusions. More specifically, the notion of neoliberal multiculturalism is defined and discussed with respect to the phenomenon…

Role of the clinical research nurse in tissue viability.

PubMed

Hemingway, Beverley; Storey, Carron

Opportunities for nurses to be involved in clinical research have increased with the growing emphasis on research in the NHS. This article examines the experiences of two registered nurses adapting to the role of clinical research nurse in a pressure ulcer programme of research. The challenges, rewards and strategies involved are discussed.

Hmong Culture and Visual Impairment: Strategies for Culturally Sensitive Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Conroy, Paula Wenner

2006-01-01

In this article, the author introduces the traditional Hmong culture and the background of the Hmong people and presents important aspects of collectivist cultures. The author discusses possible challenges in providing services to students living in the United States who are blind and visually impaired and from a Hmong background. She also…

The Tense Situation of Slavic: Past, Present, Future.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cooper, Henry R., Jr.

1998-01-01

Discusses the challenges and difficulties of Slavic languages, a field that is notoriously cyclical and is currently at the bottom of a cycle. The article chronicles the history of Slavic studies in relation to political developments since World War II, draws parallels between current trends in Slavic and other modern language programs, and sees…

Studios Abroad: A Challenge in Innovative Pedagogy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Macedo, Joseli

2017-01-01

Study abroad programs offer a unique opportunity to evaluate pedagogic models. The role of studios in design and planning pedagogy has been examined. However, how the general framework of a studio supports other pedagogic models has not been widely discussed. This article assesses a series of urban planning and design studios conducted abroad to…

Federal Program Encourages Health Service Innovations on Developmental Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nix, Mary P.

2009-01-01

There is always room for improvement in the delivery of health services. This article discusses the U.S. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's (AHRQ) Health Care Innovations Exchange (www.innovations.ahrq.gov), a comprehensive program that aims to increase awareness of innovative strategies to meet health service delivery challenges and…

A Challenge for Social Studies Educators: Teaching about Islam, "Jihad," and "Shari'ah" Law

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, James R.

2012-01-01

In this article, the author investigates the controversial curricular and instructional aspects of teaching about Islam in social studies courses. Specifically, the author discusses pedagogically sound approaches to teaching about "jihad" and "Shari'ah" law, two of the most important and controversial concepts in Islam that often generate intense…

Streamlining the Online Course Development Process by Using Project Management Tools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abdous, M'hammed; He, Wu

2008-01-01

Managing the design and production of online courses is challenging. Insufficient instructional design and inefficient management often lead to issues such as poor course quality and course delivery delays. In an effort to facilitate, streamline, and improve the overall design and production of online courses, this article discusses how we…

Toward a Pluralistic Perspective on Equity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pollard, Diane S.; Avery, Maria-Paz Beltran

1992-01-01

This digest deals with the challenges of living in a pluralistic society. Comprised of three articles, the first (by Diane S. Pollard) is a discussion of the problems resulting from the fragmented effort of the equity movement, as many different groups working for equity in gender, race, class, and other concerns, have sought independence from…

Urban Education in the 80s: The Never Ending Challenge.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Association of Secondary School Principals, Reston, VA.

Contemporary problems in urban education are explored in this collection of papers. The leading article discusses the implications of urban decay and demographic change for school finance and educational accountability. The second paper stresses the need for a basic skills curriculum, well-trained teachers, and the inclusion of parents in…

Dealing with Opposition: Uncomfortable Moments in Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Costa, Estela; Kiss, Adel

2011-01-01

The purpose of this article is to contribute to methodological discussions on elite interviewing. The point of departure is that elite interviewing constitutes/represents continuous challenges for researchers. This may be due to several reasons; one of these concerns the possible critical incidents that may occur in the course of the interview.…

Words, Words Everywhere, but Which Ones Do We Teach?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Graves, Michael F.; Baumann, James F.; Blachowicz, Camille L. Z.; Manyak, Patrick; Bates, Ann; Cieply, Char; Davis, Jeni R.; Von Gunten, Heather

2014-01-01

This article highlights the challenging task teachers face in selecting vocabulary to teach. First, we briefly discuss three features of the English lexicon that are crucial to keep in mind when selecting vocabulary for instruction and three approaches that have been suggested. Then, we present a theoretically based approach called Selecting Words…

"Who Is It that Can Tell Me Who I Am?"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rees, Emma L. E.

2011-01-01

In this article, the author discusses three books whose shared concern is what constitutes an "individual". Each, in its own way, challenges the idea that "identity" is fixed or uncomplicated. The books, in trying to find the underlying cause of what makes up an individual's "identity", advocate strongly the need…

Making Tibetans in China: The Educational Challenges of Harmonious Multiculturalism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Postiglione, Gerard A.

2008-01-01

This discussant paper focuses on education in the Tibetan Autonomous Region (TAR), and provides a background to situate the articles that follow about education in selected Tibetan communities of China and India. It also provides a brief review of education policies concerning free basic education, bilingual education, and hinterland boarding…

Preparing Classroom Teachers for the Impending Death of a Student with Terminal Illness.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rice, Craig J.; Gourley, Junean Krajewski

2003-01-01

This article discusses students with terminal illnesses and the challenges teachers face in dealing with the issue of death. Classroom strategies for dealing with death are described and include using children's literature that explores death, using deaths of pets as teachable moments, and using children's films. (Contains references.) (CR)

Get Your First-Time Singers to Sing Well

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Packwood, Gary

2005-01-01

First-time singers present excellent opportunities for choral directors to fine-tune their teaching by truly working with beginners. In this article, the author discusses how beginning singers learn to sing well. Despite the unique challenges and various musical backgrounds of these students, if choral directors can teach them the basics of…

Researching Cultural Harmony through the Student Voice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Inman, Sally; Turner, Nola

2007-01-01

This article discusses some of the findings of research undertaken by the authors with secondary students in the London Borough of Newham. The research was concerned with exploring young people's understanding of cultural harmony and their views on the issues and challenges in creating cultural harmony in their schools and in their lives outside…

Beyond Assimilation: Tribal Colleges, Basic Writing, and the Exigencies of Settler Colonialism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Toth, Christie

2013-01-01

This article discusses basic writing pedagogy at a two-year tribal college, an institution type that has not been visible in the basic writing literature to date. In many tribal college contexts, socioeconomic challenges, under-resourced K-12 schools, and linguistic diversity all contribute to high student placement rates into…

Building an Evidence Base for Speech-Language Services in the Schools: Challenges and Recommendations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whitmire, Kathleen A.; Rivers, Kenyatta O.; Mele-McCarthy, Joan A.; Staskowski, Maureen

2014-01-01

Speech-language pathologists are faced with demands for evidence to support practice. Federal legislation requires high-quality evidence for decisions regarding school-based services as part of evidence-based practice. The purpose of this article is to discuss the limited scientific evidence for making appropriate decisions about speech-language…

Education Reform in Latin America: Equal Educational Opportunity?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Noel, Barbara

2009-01-01

This article discusses the general developments and challenges of Latin American public education systems from the 1970s to the late 1990s. A framework using five stages of equal educational opportunity is used to organize the findings: (1) Enrollment--Involves the mechanisms needed to enroll children in school; (2) Quality--Great disparities in…

Entertainment Education and Social Change: Evaluating a Children's Soap Opera in Kenya

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Block, Liesbeth

2012-01-01

This article discusses audience responses to a children's soap opera produced and broadcast in Kenya. It examines the evaluation process in relation to qualitative audience research within Cultural Studies. It challenges an Entertainment-Education model of media as vehicles for messages and links strongly with Communication for Social Change…

Providing Guided Practice in Discourse Synthesis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Numrich, Carol; Kennedy, Alan S.

2017-01-01

In this article, the authors discuss the importance of the skill of synthesis in university-level writing. They outline specific challenges faced by students of English as a second language with synthesis as a writing skill. They then describe a lesson that they created for an English for academic purposes class for graduate students in the field…

Bilingualism/Second-Language Research and the Assessment of Oral Proficiency in Minority Bilingual Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanchez, Liliana

2006-01-01

This article discusses some of the challenges that researchers working in the fields of bilingualism and second-language acquisition (SLA) and in the field of language testing face in developing comparable and culturally and cognitively appropriate data collection and language assessment tools for bilingual children from rural minority-language…

Playing Catch-Up

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maxwell, Lesli A.

2008-01-01

In this article, the author discusses the instructional challenges faced by educators this year in the 12,500-student Recovery School District (RSD), the state-run system that took over most of New Orleans' public schools after the storm in August 2005. Roughly 85% of the district's students scored at least two years behind grade level in reading…

Critical Pedagogy in HIV-AIDS Education for a Maya Immigrant Community

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schoorman, Dilys; Acosta, Maria Cristina; Sena, Rachel; Baxley, Traci

2012-01-01

In this article the authors discuss how the perspectives of Paulo Freire were instructive in addressing the challenges of HIV-AIDS education in Guatemalan Maya immigrant communities with minimal formal education and literacy. The forging of a community-based, collaborative, educational program offers several implications for effective teaching and…

An Ontology Infrastructure for an E-Learning Scenario

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guo, Wen-Ying; Chen, De-Ren

2007-01-01

Selecting appropriate learning services for a learner from a large number of heterogeneous knowledge sources is a complex and challenging task. This article illustrates and discusses how Semantic Web technologies such as RDF [resource description framework] and ontology can be applied to e-learning systems to help the learner in selecting an…

Women Graduates and the Workplace: Continuing Challenges for Academic Women

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baker, Maureen

2016-01-01

This article discusses the persistence of a gender gap among university-based academics, despite the development of equity policies and "family-friendly" initiatives. Over four decades of research are reviewed from the liberal states of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, USA and the UK, including my own qualitative interviews in Canada in…

Supporting Vocationally Oriented Learning in the High School Years: Rationale, Tasks, Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Halpern, Robert

2012-01-01

This article highlights the limitations of our current educational system in terms of vocational learning and highlights the role that vocational learning can play in supporting youth development and improving youth outcomes. It discusses the role that nonschool settings can play in supporting vocational learning and suggests strategies to improve…

Issues and Problems in the Current Development of Vocational Education in China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shi, Weiping

2013-01-01

Chinese vocational education is currently in its most optimal development period in history. This article discusses several challenges of different dimensions faced by vocational education in China as it develops, such as scale versus quality, development goals, a lifelong vocational education system, and creating model institutions; and puts…

Civic Education Partnerships: Civil Society Organisations, Donors and the State in Fiji

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baleinakorodawa, Paolo; Spence, Rebecca; O'Loughlin, Micheal

2011-01-01

This article reflects on some of the challenges and opportunities presented when working in partnership in the highly politicised and contested Fijian Civil Society environment over the past five years. The authors are practitioners who specialise in working with communities which experience conflict. The paper discusses and analyses the genesis…

A New Utensil

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roman, Harry T.

2011-01-01

People tend to think that inventions must be complex and sophisticated. Yet, some of the most useful inventions have been simple, or elegant, like Velcro, zippers, and Post-it[R] notes. Kitchen utensil drawers are filled with all sorts of great inventions, and in this article, the author discusses a challenge that allows students to develop their…

Psychiatry in prisons.

PubMed

Goldstein, N

1983-12-01

In the midst of the critical struggle over the failures of rehabilitation and the impotency of the prison system, the role of the psychiatrist in the prison has become increasingly unclear. This article presents a persuasive argument for working in prisons and discusses ethical considerations, treatment approaches, and the special problems and challenges provided by prison psychiatry.

I Only Wish I'd Known: Voices of Novice Alternatively Certified Special Education Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Casey, Pat; Dunlap, Karen; Brister, Heather; Davidson, Michele

2011-01-01

Increasing numbers of special education teachers enter the profession via widely varying preparation programs, also known as alternative certification programs. This article describes a survey of 54 novice special education teachers from alternative certification (AC) programs. In this paper, the authors discuss both challenges and support needs…

Sustainability and the University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clough, G. Wayne; Chameau, Jean-Lou; Carmichael, Carol

2006-01-01

In this article, the authors state that one of the major challenges facing the human race is charting a course for the future that allows economic growth while protecting the fragile planet. The authors discuss the role that higher education must play to help create a vibrant economy and high quality of life, while sustaining natural resources.…

Moving People and Minds: Dance as a Vehicle of Democratic Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Catalano, Theresa; Leonard, Alison E.

2016-01-01

Engaging today's youth in civil discussions of contentious issues remains both a crucial element in democratically oriented education and extremely challenging to facilitate. The purpose of this article, which documents and presents pilot study findings from a dance workshop that engaged practicing teachers surrounding the issue of immigration, is…

Medical mission to dominican republic: one dermatology group?s experiences.

PubMed

Ahmed, Atif; Peine, Steven

2013-01-01

The intents of this article are to share our experiences during a medical mission in the Dominican Republic and to provide the reader with a cross-sectional view of conditions seen and an overview of interesting and challenging cases encountered. We also discuss treatments and techniques used and share lessons learned. 2013.

Translating Interviews, Translating Lives: Ethical Considerations in Cross-Language Narrative Inquiry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Yi

2011-01-01

Through two narrative inquiries, in this article I explore the challenges for qualitative researchers in working with multiple languages in capturing, translating, analyzing, and representing narratives. I discuss the effect on research when we engage in these processes considering what was happening as we translated both texts and experience from…

Desegregating Conversations about Race and Identity in Culturally Specific Museums

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Lovisa; Gutierrez, Caren; Okmin, Janine; McCullough, Susan

2017-01-01

Recent years have witnessed a surge in field-wide discussion about how to talk openly about race and culture within museum education. This article provides an analysis, using case studies from three culturally specific museums to explore how these identity-driven institutions navigate challenging, and often controversial, approaches to discussing…

Bridging child welfare and juvenile justice: preventing unnecessary detention of foster children.

PubMed

Ross, Timothy; Conger, Dylan; Armstrong, Molly

2002-01-01

Gaps in service coordination between child welfare and other child-serving agencies are well documented. This article examines the gap between the child welfare and juvenile justice systems and discusses a program, Project Confirm, designed to reduce the problems associated with this gap. Project Confirm aims to improve cooperation between juvenile justice and child welfare agencies to prevent the unnecessary detention of arrested foster children in secure facilities. The program's design is outlined, and implementation statistics and government partner perceptions of the program in its first year of operations are provided. The article also identifies future challenges to implementation and discusses the broader implications of the program. In making this appeal for coordination and collaboration among public agencies, I'm not talking about pro forma integration efforts-I'm not talking about memoranda of understanding or top-level reorganizations that have autonomous agencies vaguely reporting to a single box labeled "human services." Rather, I'm talking about the much more challenging objective of achieving real working partnerships at the front line. (Nelson, 1998, p. 6)

Development of a Rubber-Based Product Using a Mixture Experiment: A Challenging Case Study

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kaya, Yahya; Piepel, Gregory F.; Caniyilmaz, Erdal

2013-07-01

Many products used in daily life are made by blending two or more components. The properties of such products typically depend on the relative proportions of the components. Experimental design, modeling, and data analysis methods for mixture experiments provide for efficiently determining the component proportions that will yield a product with desired properties. This article presents a case study of the work performed to develop a new rubber formulation for an o-ring (a circular gasket) with requirements specified on 10 product properties. Each step of the study is discussed, including: 1) identifying the objective of the study and requirements formore » properties of the o-ring, 2) selecting the components to vary and specifying the component constraints, 3) constructing a mixture experiment design, 4) measuring the responses and assessing the data, 5) developing property-composition models, 6) selecting the new product formulation, and 7) confirming the selected formulation in manufacturing. The case study includes some challenging and new aspects, which are discussed in the article.« less