The Self as a Complex Dynamic System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mercer, Sarah

2011-01-01

This article explores the potential offered by complexity theories for understanding language learners' sense of self and attempts to show how the self might usefully be conceived of as a complex dynamic system. Rather than presenting empirical findings, the article discusses existent research on the self and aims at outlining a conceptual…

Ethical Approaches to Compliance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buzo, Carina

2017-01-01

This article explores the role that higher education has in ethical compliance to Title IX and the Clery Act. The discussion includes a curious look at common practices as potential future approaches to consent and sexual assault education. Articles and research are included to ground understanding in the current context, while examples from a…

Educational Technology and Practice: Types and Timescales of Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Riley, David

2007-01-01

This article identifies three uses of educational technology and evaluates their potential to change curricula and pedagogic strategies. The article is in four parts, with the first outlining a temporal model of change and discussing educators' expectations of continuities and discontinuities in practice. In order to distinguish minor…

Perspectives of shaped pulses for EPR spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Spindler, Philipp E.; Schöps, Philipp; Kallies, Wolfgang; Glaser, Steffen J.; Prisner, Thomas F.

2017-07-01

This article describes current uses of shaped pulses, generated by an arbitrary waveform generator, in the field of EPR spectroscopy. We show applications of sech/tanh and WURST pulses to dipolar spectroscopy, including new pulse schemes and procedures, and discuss the more general concept of optimum-control-based pulses for applications in EPR spectroscopy. The article also describes a procedure to correct for experimental imperfections, mostly introduced by the microwave resonator, and discusses further potential applications and limitations of such pulses.

A WebCT Discussion Forum during a TESL Practicum: Pre-Service Teachers' Perceptions of Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parks, Susan

2010-01-01

Within teacher education programs, the use of discussion forums offers potential for creating learning communities whereby participants can negotiate meaning and engage in knowledge construction (Lock, 2006; Murphy, 2000). To this end, the present article draws on the findings of a larger research project which focused on a discussion forum…

Children's episodic memory.

PubMed

Ghetti, Simona; Lee, Joshua

2011-07-01

Episodic memory develops during childhood and adolescence. This trajectory depends on several underlying processes. In this article, we first discuss the development of the basic binding processes (e.g., the processes by which elements are bound together to form a memory episode) and control processes (e.g., reasoning and metamemory processes) involved in episodic remembering. Then, we discuss the role of these processes in false-memory formation. In the subsequent sections, we examine the neural substrates of the development of episodic memory. Finally, we discuss atypical development of episodic memory. As we proceed through the article, we suggest potential avenues for future research. WIREs Cogni Sci 2011 2 365-373 DOI: 10.1002/wcs.114 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Effectively Communicating Science to Extension Audiences

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robinson, Patrick

2013-01-01

This article discusses the concept of "framing" within the context of relevant communication and psychological research and considers its potential applicability to Extension science communication. Examples of research-based support for the framing of scientific issues are presented, along with a literature-based discussion of the…

"Bricolage" and Teachers' Theorizing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wagner, Jon

1990-01-01

Discusses issues stimulated by Elizabeth Hatton's examination of teachers' work as "bricolage" in a prior article. Explores the connection between creative potential and pedagogic knowledge and the science of the abstract and the concrete. Presents potential reforms that could enhance teachers' capacity to gain pedagogic knowledge. (JS)

Mathematics Enrichment for All--Noticing and Enhancing Mathematical Potentials of Underprivileged Students as an Issue of Equity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schnell, Susanne; Prediger, Susanne

2017-01-01

Whereas equity issues are mainly discussed with respect to students at risk, this article focuses on mathematical potentials of under-privileged students and therefore elaborates a wide, dynamic and participatory conceptualization of (sometimes still hidden) mathematical potentials. An extended research review theoretically and empirically grounds…

Global trends in emerging viral diseases of wildlife origin

USGS Publications Warehouse

Sleeman, Jonathan M.; Ip, Hon S.

2015-01-01

The following article provides examples of recently emerged viral diseases of wildlife origin. The examples have been selected to illustrate the drivers of emerging viral diseases, both novel pathogens and previously known diseases, the impacts of these diseases, as well as the role of wildlife both as “villains” or reservoirs as well as “victims” of these viral diseases. The article also discusses potential management strategies for emerging viral diseases in wildlife populations and future science directions in wildlife health to prevent, prepare, respond to, and recover from these disease events. Finally, the concept of One Health and its potential role in developing solutions to these issues of mutual concern is discussed.

Researching Social Capital in Education: Some Conceptual Considerations Relating to the Contribution of Network Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Moosung

2010-01-01

This article discusses conceptual considerations for social capital research in education from a social network perspective. Specifically, the article raises three key conceptual issues that call for further elaboration of concepts of social capital: redefining potential resources as accessible but un-utilized sources of social capital;…

Writing for professional publication. Part 7: structure and presentation.

PubMed

Fowler, John

How to get your work published is the essence of this series on writing for professional publication. The previous articles focused on the preparation required before you start writing your article, ways to create interest in the reader's mind, and the importance of writing a well-constructed abstract. In this article John Fowler, an experienced nursing lecturer and author, discusses the structure and presentation of a potential article and how this differs from an essay that may have been written as part of a university course.

Advancing nursing practice through social media: a global perspective.

PubMed

Barry, Jean; Hardiker, Nicholas R

2012-08-14

Social media has been used globally as a key vehicle for communication. As members of an innovative profession, many nurses have embraced social media and are actively utilizing its potential to enhance practice and improve health. The ubiquity of the Internet provides social media with the potential to improve both access to health information and services and equity in health care. Thus there are a number of successful nurse-led initiatives. However, the open and democratising nature of social media creates a number of potential risks, both individual and organisational. This article considers the use of social media within nursing from a global perspective, including discussion of policy and guidance documents. The impact of social media on both healthcare consumers and nurses is reviewed, followed by discussion of selected risks associated with social media. To help nurses make the most of social media tools and avoid potential pitfalls, the article conclusion suggests implications appropriate for global level practice based on available published guidance.

Commentary: Learning from Variations in Fidelity of Implementation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Balu, Rekha; Doolittle, Fred

2016-01-01

The articles in this special issue discuss efforts to improve academic reading outcomes for students and ways to achieve high implementation fidelity of promising strategies. At times the authors discuss if--and how--strong fidelity is associated with strong outcomes and potentially even impacts (the difference between program and control group…

Personality Interactions and Scaffolding in On-Line Discussions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nussbaum, E. Michael; Hartley, Kendall; Sinatra, Gale M.; Reynolds, Ralph E.; Bendixen, Lisa D.

2004-01-01

The potential of on-line discussions to prompt greater reflection of course material is often stymied by a tendency of students to agree with one another rather than to formulate counter-arguments. This article describes an experiment using note starters and elaborated cases to encourage counter-argumentation and examines interactions with…

Action Research: A Spiral Inquiry for Valid and Useful Knowledge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moghaddam, Alireza

2007-01-01

This article discusses methodological and philosophical issues linked to action research. The concepts of subjectivity and objectivity--potential sources of bias that mislead researchers in dealing with these concepts--and how to cope with them are discussed. Controversial issues of truth in positivism, postpositivism, and other schools of…

Positioning Resumes and Cover Letters as Reflective-Reflexive Process

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Randazzo, Chalice

2012-01-01

Although the resume and cover letter genre is widely discussed in both popular and scholarly publications, discussion thus far has failed to acknowledge that the process of creating a resume and cover letter has the potential for encouraging students' reflective and reflexive capacities. This article suggests that business communication educators…

Euthanasia: a reply to Bartels and Otlowski.

PubMed

Prichard, Jeremy

2012-03-01

This article counters arguments made by Bartels and Otlowski in 2010 regarding euthanasia. It suggests that the authors over-emphasised the importance of individual autonomy in its bearing on the euthanasia debate. Drawing on literature concerning elder abuse as well as the "mercy-killing" cases reviewed by Bartels and Otlowski, the article contends that legalising euthanasia may increase the risk that some patients are pressured, inadvertently or deliberately, to request access. Safeguards to detect and deter pressure may be of limited effectiveness against such pressure. Regarding slippery slope arguments, the article discusses the potential for an Australian euthanasia system to eventually be extended in scope to encompass mental suffering. The article encourages consideration of long-term potentialities, including changes in macro-economic conditions.

Recent advances in the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

PubMed

Mobley, David F; Khera, Mohit; Baum, Neil

2017-11-01

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most common conditions affecting middle-aged and older men. Nearly every primary care physician, internist and geriatrician will be called upon to manage this condition or to make referrals to urologists, endocrinologists and cardiologists who will assist in the treatment of ED. This article will briefly discuss the diagnosis and management of ED. In addition, emerging concepts in ED management will be discussed, such as the use of testosterone to treat ED, the role of the endothelium in men with ED and treating the partner of the man with ED. Finally, future potential therapies for ED will be discussed. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Kamstrupp's wow-effect: re-examined and expanded

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

King, Elizabeth M.; Dickmann, Ellyn M.; Johnson, Barbara Z.

2016-12-01

This review examines Anne Katrine Kamstrupp's article "The wow-effect in science teacher education; technology; sociomateriality." In the discussion below we explore three key areas of her ethnographic research. First, we reconsider Kamstrupp's article through the lens of technology as a pedagogical choice and philosophy. This is followed by our discussion of aspects of her study within the context of a basic understanding that entry-level pre-service teachers need to fully understand both the process of learning and scientific principles as these are important foundational factors in determining whether or not the wow-effect will occur as expected. Finally, our review team presents multiple areas in Kamstrupp's article as potential points for further elaboration.

The 'F' factor: feminism forsaken?

PubMed

McLoughlin, A

1997-04-01

This article discusses the link between feminist theory and midwifery practice. By incorporating concepts of feminist theory within this article, it is appropriate therefore that it should be written in the first person. I hope to illustrate why feminist theory is especially relevant to midwifery education and practice, and shall briefly highlight some of the feminist ideologies which may best fit the midwifery model. I also discuss a system of nursing education based upon feminist principles and values, devised by Hedin & Donovan in 1989, and its potential for adaptation to midwifery education.

Opportunities and Challenges with Digital Open Badges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farmer, Tadd; West, Richard E.

2016-01-01

With increasing interest in competency and outcome-based education, and the blending of formal and informal learning, there is increasing need for credentials to match these learning paradigms. In this article, the authors discuss the benefits, challenges, and potential future directions for open digital badges--one potential alternative…

Epidemiology of competence: a scoping review to understand the risks and supports to competence of four health professions

PubMed Central

Glover Takahashi, Susan; Nayer, Marla

2017-01-01

Objectives This study examined the risks and supports to competence discussed in the literature related to occupational therapists, pharmacists, physical therapists and physicians, using epidemiology as a conceptual model. Design Articles from a scoping literature review, published from 1975 to 2014 inclusive, were included if they were about a risk or support to the professional or clinical competence of one of four health professions. Descriptive and regression analyses identified potential associations between risks and supports to competence and the location of study, type of health profession, competence life-cycle and the domain(s) of competence (organised around the CanMEDS framework). Results A total of 3572 abstracts were reviewed and 943 articles analysed. Most focused on physicians (n=810, 86.0%) and ‘practice’ (n=642, 68.0%). Fewer articles discussed risks to competence (n=418, 44.3%) than supports (n=750, 79.5%). The top four risks, each discussed in over 15% of articles, were: transitions in practice, being an international graduate, lack of clinical exposure/experience (ie, insufficient volume of procedures or patients) and age. The top two supports (over 35%) were continuing education participation and educational information/programme features. About 60% of all the articles discussed medical expert and about 25% applied to all roles. Articles focusing on residents had a greater probability of reporting on risks. Conclusions Articles about physicians were dominant. The majority of articles were written in the last decade and more discussed supports than risks to competence. An epidemiology-based conceptual model offers a helpful organising framework for exploring and explaining the competence of health professions. PMID:28864686

Enabling Transformative Learning in the Workplace: An Educative Research Intervention

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilhelmson, Lena; Åberg, Marie Moström; Backström, Tomas; Olsson, Bengt Köping

2015-01-01

The aim of this article is to discuss the potential of an educative research intervention to influence the quality of the learning outcome in the workplace as interpreted from the perspectives of adult learning theory. The research project was designed as a quasi-experimental, mixed-methods study. In this article, quantitative survey data were…

Emotion and emotion regulation: from another perspective.

PubMed

Langlois, Judith H

2004-01-01

An overview of the content of the From Another Perspective collection on emotion and emotion regulation is provided. The lead article identifies fundamental issues of definition and the commentaries represent varying theoretical and methodological perspectives on emotion and emotion regulation. Together, the articles discuss the promises and pitfalls of emotion research and its potential for understanding child development.

Single Particle Orientation and Rotational Tracking (SPORT) in biophysical studies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gu, Yan; Ha, Ji Won; Augspurger, Ashley E.; Chen, Kuangcai; Zhu, Shaobin; Fang, Ning

2013-10-01

The single particle orientation and rotational tracking (SPORT) techniques have seen rapid development in the past 5 years. Recent technical advances have greatly expanded the applicability of SPORT in biophysical studies. In this feature article, we survey the current development of SPORT and discuss its potential applications in biophysics, including cellular membrane processes and intracellular transport.The single particle orientation and rotational tracking (SPORT) techniques have seen rapid development in the past 5 years. Recent technical advances have greatly expanded the applicability of SPORT in biophysical studies. In this feature article, we survey the current development of SPORT and discuss its potential applications in biophysics, including cellular membrane processes and intracellular transport. Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Three supplementary movies and an experimental section. See DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02254d

The Benefits of Reflecting on and Discussing Purpose in Life in Emerging Adulthood

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bundick, Matthew J.

2011-01-01

The benefits of understanding and pursuing one's purposes in life are well documented. However, few studies have addressed potential interventions for enhancing purpose. This article presents the results of an empirical investigation testing whether reflecting on and discussing one's core values, life goals, and purposes in life has benefits for…

Zen and Writing: Anglo-American Interpretations, Revolutionary Possibilities: A Review Article.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hum, Sue

1996-01-01

Discusses three books on Zen and writing that (1) question assumptions of Western discourse and literacy practices; (2) offer ideas to help individual writers unearth their creative energy and potential; (3) advocate alternative discursive practices; (4) discuss possibilities of an embodied literacy predicated on kindness and compassion; and (5)…

Function-Based Intervention Plans: What and How to Teach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liaupsin, Carl J.; Cooper, Justin T.

2017-01-01

Most function-based intervention plans (FBIP) discuss what to teach, but often fail to address effective methods for teaching the skills addressed in the plan. This article discusses the various parts of the FBIP plan that may require teaching and provides potential instructional approaches for teaching the components of the FBIP to students and…

The Strip-of-Grass Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roman, Harry T.

2016-01-01

This brief article discusses various ways to use the grassy strip of land extending about three feet between the sidewalk and the street curb in many cities and neighborhoods. Next, it discusses the potential impact of different uses of this space on things like: people disembarking from their cars, clearance to existing fire hydrants, and town…

Conducting Research with LGB People of Color: Methodological Challenges and Strategies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeBlaere, Cirleen; Brewster, Melanie E.; Sarkees, Anthony; Moradi, Bonnie

2010-01-01

Methodological barriers have been highlighted as a primary reason for the limited research with lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people of color. Thus, strategies for anticipating and addressing potential methodological barriers are needed. To address this need, this article discusses potential challenges associated with conducting research with…

A new marketplace in space: the International Space Station

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Belingheri, M.

2001-08-01

This article discusses the potential markets for the Station, the potential customers, why they might want to be in space and what they need from the Agency in order to get there. It also outlines ESA's strategy for making the Space Station a new marketplace in space.

Waste in Education: The Potential of Materiality and Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jørgensen, Nanna Jordt; Madsen, Katrine Dahl; Laessøe, Jeppe

2018-01-01

This article explores how waste materials and waste practices figure in education, pointing to educational potentials of waste which have hitherto received little consideration in environmental and sustainability education practice and research. Building on empirical research on waste education in Danish schools and preschools, we discuss how an…

Reimagining English Language Learners from a Translingual Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Jason

2018-01-01

This article explores the potential implications of theorizing in translingualism and translanguaging for foreign language teaching and learning. I discuss key terminology and introduce a translingual continuum as a potential way to understand language use practices both within and across communities. I report on an exploratory study into the…

Writing for professional publication. Part 6: writing the abstract.

PubMed

Fowler, John

How to get your work published is the essence of this series on writing for professional publication. The first four articles focused on the preparation required before you start writing a potential article, and the previous article examined the importance of creating interest in the reader's mind. In this sixth part of the series, John Fowler, an experienced nursing lecturer and author, discusses the importance of writing the abstract. It examines the content to include and also the importance of writing it in a way which encourages others to read the full article.

Theorizing Land Cover and Land Use Changes: The Case of Tropical Deforestation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Walker, Robert

2004-01-01

This article addresses land-cover and land-use dynamics from the perspective of regional science and economic geography. It first provides an account of the so-called spatially explicit model, which has emerged in recent years as a key empirical approach to the issue. The article uses this discussion as a springboard to evaluate the potential utility of von Thuenen to the discourse on land-cover and land-use change. After identifying shortcomings of current theoretical approaches to land use in mainly urban models, the article filters a discussion of deforestation through the lens of bid-rent and assesses its effectiveness in helping us comprehend the destruction of tropical forest in the Amazon basin. The article considers the adjustments that would have to be made to existing theory to make it more useful to the empirical issues.

A case of conflicting norms? Mobilizing and accountability information in newspaper coverage of the autism-vaccine controversy.

PubMed

Clarke, Christopher E

2011-09-01

When reporting health risks, the news media are often criticized for omitting "mobilizing" information that allows readers to act on existing attitudes. Using American and British newspaper coverage of the autism-vaccine controversy as a case study, this article takes a "behind the scenes" look at normative pressures that may influence whether such information appears in coverage. In particular, can holding health officials accountable for their actions potentially "crowd out" mobilizing information? A content analysis suggests that mobilizing information (at least one of four examples) was present in only 16% of articles, compared to 38% that mentioned accountability messages (at least one of two examples). US newspapers were significantly more likely to mention at least one mobilization example. Finally, although only 11% discussed both, articles were more likely to discuss certain mobilizing and accountability examples together. Implications for journalism ethics and vaccine risk communication are discussed.

Transitions of care and rehabilitation after fragility fractures.

PubMed

Eslami, Michelle; Tran, Hong-Phuc

2014-05-01

Transitions in care are a vulnerable time period for patients during which unintended errors may occur. This article discusses potential risks that could occur during care transitions, suggested improvements, and the transition from hospital to skilled nursing facilities for patients needing rehabilitation after their discharge from the hospital. Different rehabilitation settings and their reimbursement are reviewed. Common potential medical conditions arising in patients undergoing rehabilitation, rehabilitation goals, and secondary prevention also are discussed. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Postgraduate training in orthodontics in the UK

PubMed Central

Shah, Anwar Ali; Sandler, Jonathan

2011-01-01

This article briefly describes the postgraduate pathways in orthodontics in the United Kingdom. It is hoped that this will assist potential trainees who want to pursue postgraduate training to understand the different career pathways available to them. It may also add to the knowledge of some senior colleagues who can explain these career opportunities to their students, as not all potential trainees will have the opportunity to read this article. In the following pages we will discuss the different pathways leading to specialist qualification in orthodontics, in the United Kingdom. PMID:23960517

Testing for hypothyroidism in dogs.

PubMed

Ferguson, Duncan C

2007-07-01

Hypothyroidism is the most common endocrinopathy in the dog. Rather than being a comprehensive review of all possible thyroid function tests, the focus in this article is on the logical progression of test choice, highlighting total thyroxine, free thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyrotropin (TSH), and antithyroid antibodies. This article includes extensive discussion of the current status of the canine TSH assay and the potential for improving this assay.

Computers in the English Program: Promises and Pitfalls. New York State English Council Monograph.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chew, Charles R., Ed.

Since an increasing number of English teachers are being asked to find a place for computers in the English program, this monograph focuses on issues connected to this technology. The first article sets the stage with a discussion of the power and potential of the computer. Other articles focus on the following topics: (1) promises and…

Minority Languages and Performative Genres: The Case of Irish Language Stand-Up Comedy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moriarty, Mairead

2011-01-01

This article will examine the potential for language change from the bottom-up given the new domains in which minority languages are present as a result of the process of language mobility. Drawing on a theoretical notion of sociolinguistic scales, this article aims to discuss how the position of the Irish language has been reconfigured. From this…

Rising with De Colores: Tapping into the Resources of la Comunidad to Assist Under-Performing Chicano-Latino Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ordonez-Jasis, Rosario; Jasis, Pablo

2004-01-01

This article explores the dynamics and educational potential of De Colores Community Learning Center, an after-school program serving low-performing Chicano-Latino children. The article discusses the foundational characteristics of De Colores and its quest to become a model of empowerment, instead of a more traditional model of service. Finally,…

Mechanisms of, and Adjuvants for, Bone Pain.

PubMed

Figura, Nicholas; Smith, Joshua; Yu, Hsiang-Hsuan Michael

2018-06-01

Metastatic bone pain is a complex, poorly understood process. Understanding the unique mechanisms causing cancer-induced bone pain may lead to potential therapeutic targets. This article discusses the effects of osteoclast overstimulation within the tumor microenvironment; the role of inflammatory factors at the tumor-nociceptor interface; the development of structural instability, causing mechanical nerve damage; and, ultimately, the neuroplastic changes in the setting of sustained pain. Several adjuvant therapies are available to attenuate metastatic bone pain. This article discusses the role of pharmacologic therapies, surgery, kyphoplasty, vertebroplasty, and radiofrequency ablation. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Quality Control: (Material) Safety Data Sheets.

PubMed

Allen, Loyd V

2017-01-01

Safety Data Sheets (formerly Material Safety Data Sheets) are a system for cataloging information on chemicals, chemical compounds, and chemical mixtures and include instructions for the safe use and potential hazards associated with a particular material or product. At present, there are 16 sections of Safety Data Sheets, and these sections are discussed in this article. Two United States Pharmacopeia compounding-related chapters (<795> and <800>) refer to Safety Data Sheets, and this article provides a brief discussion on the terminology contained within those chapters. Copyright© by International Journal of Pharmaceutical Compounding, Inc.

Military, University, and Police Agency Command and Staff Colleges in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Richard H.

2017-01-01

This article discusses three models of command and staff colleges (CSC). Five university models, five United States Military models, and one police agency model are discussed. The 11 CSCs provide leadership development in various training and education programs all leading to the increased capabilities of leaders and potential leaders for public…

Connected cane: Tactile button input for controlling gestures of iOS voiceover embedded in a white cane.

PubMed

Batterman, Jared M; Martin, Vincent F; Yeung, Derek; Walker, Bruce N

2018-01-01

Accessibility of assistive consumer devices is an emerging research area with potential to benefit both users with and without visual impairments. In this article, we discuss the research and evaluation of using a tactile button interface to control an iOS device's native VoiceOver Gesture navigations (Apple Accessibility, 2014). This research effort identified potential safety and accessibility issues for users trying to interact and control their touchscreen mobile iOS devices while traveling independently. Furthermore, this article discusses the participatory design process in creating a solution that aims to solve issues in utilizing a tactile button interface in a novel device. The overall goal of this study is to enable visually impaired white cane users to access their mobile iOS device's capabilities navigation aids more safely and efficiently on the go.

Moral Aspects of Therapeutic Education: A Case Study of Life Competence Education in Swedish Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aldenmyr, Sara Irisdotter

2012-01-01

Educational philosophers and sociologists have pointed out the potential risks of an educational trend of therapy, which seems to have connotations with Western macro-discourses of individualisation, popularised psychology and privatisation of the public room. The overall purpose of this article is to discuss potential risks and possibilities…

The Human Genome Project and Eugenics: Identifying the Impact on Individuals with Mental Retardation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kuna, Jason

2001-01-01

This article explores the impact of the mapping work of the Human Genome Project on individuals with mental retardation and the negative effects of genetic testing. The potential to identify disabilities and the concept of eugenics are discussed, along with ethical issues surrounding potential genetic therapies. (Contains references.) (CR)

Electric utilities and telecommunications

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Moeller, J.W.

1995-08-01

Part I of this article will provide some background on the involvement of electric utilities in telecommunications. It will discuss the Power Radio Services, under which the FCC regulates radio communications of electric utilities, the pole attachment statute of the Communications Act, which authorized the FCC to regulate attachments of cable television cables to electric utility poles, and a recent Department of Energy (DOE) report on the need for a demonstration on the use of telecommunications for DSM. Part I will also discuss several recent developments relative to the Power Radio Services and the pole attachment statute. Part II willmore » discuss electric utilities and telecommunications under PUHCA. It will outline the extensive and complex requirements of PUHCA that are applicable to public utility holding companies, as well as the specific requirements of PUHCA for the formation by public utility holding companies of subsidiaries to engage in telecommunications activities. It will also discuss the seven instances in the past decade in which the SEC has approved the formation by public utility holding companies of such subsidiaries. Part III of this article will discuss a principal obstacle to expanded electric utility involvement in telecommunications activities-a series of administrative and judicial decisions that illustrate the potential for dual regulation by the SEC and the FERC to result in confusion and inefficiencies. It will also discuss proposals in Congress to minimize this potential. Part IV will discuss House Bill 3636 and Senate Bill 1822 and their proposals to amend PUHCA to facilitate the formation or acquisition by public utility holding companies of non-utility subsidiaries to engage in telecommunications activities. It will also discuss their proposals to address the potential consequences of dual regulation by the SEC and the FERC of electric utilities involved in telecommunications.« less

Screening and detection of elder abuse: Research opportunities and lessons learned from emergency geriatric care, intimate partner violence, and child abuse.

PubMed

Beach, Scott R; Carpenter, Christopher R; Rosen, Tony; Sharps, Phyllis; Gelles, Richard

2016-01-01

This article provides an overview of elder abuse screening and detection methods for community-dwelling and institutionalized older adults, including general issues and challenges for the field. Then, discussions of applications in emergency geriatric care, intimate partner violence (IPV), and child abuse are presented to inform research opportunities in elder abuse screening. The article provides descriptions of emerging screening and detection methods and technologies from the emergency geriatric care and IPV fields. We also discuss the variety of potential barriers to effective screening and detection from the viewpoint of the older adult, caregivers, providers, and the health care system, and we highlight the potential harms and unintended negative consequences of increased screening and mandatory reporting. We argue that research should continue on the development of valid screening methods and tools, but that studies of perceived barriers and potential harms of elder abuse screening among key stakeholders should also be conducted.

Transparent wood for functional and structural applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Yuanyuan; Fu, Qiliang; Yang, Xuan; Berglund, Lars

2017-12-01

Optically transparent wood combines mechanical performance with optical functionalities is an emerging candidate for applications in smart buildings and structural optics and photonics. The present review summarizes transparent wood preparation methods, optical and mechanical performance, and functionalization routes, and discusses potential applications. The various challenges are discussed for the purpose of improved performance, scaled-up production and realization of advanced applications. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue `New horizons for cellulose nanotechnology'.

Commercial GSHPs: Benefits Belie Lack of Popularity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cooperman, Alissa; Dieckmann, John; Brodrick, James

2012-05-31

This article discusses ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) for commercial building application as an alternative to conventional HVAC systems. A technology overview is presented as there are several types of GSHP and each has features making them better suited for certain building and lot types in addition to location climate. The article concludes with potential energy and cost savings offered by GSHPs and a brief market overview.

Applying Motivational Interviewing to School-Based Consultation: A Commentary on "Has Consultation Achieved Its Primary Prevention Potential?," an Article by Joseph E. Zins

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blom-Hoffman, Jessica; Rose, Gary S.

2007-01-01

Despite a decade of advances since Zins' 1995 article on prevention, much work lies ahead to make prevention everyday consultation activities for school psychologists. To foster prevention efforts, this commentary discusses how motivational interviewing in school-based consultation (a) might peak consultees' initial interest in change, and (b)…

Selecting a Caregiver Who Supports Breastfeeding

MedlinePlus

... Español Text Size Email Print Share Selecting A Caregiver Who Supports Breastfeeding Page Content Article Body Once ... discouraging later. Issues to Discuss with a Potential Caregiver No parent wants to change caregivers once a ...

The Potential of Religion in the Promotion and Implementation of the Concept of Sustainable Development

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sadowski, Ryszard F.

2017-12-01

This article presents religion's potential where the promotion and implementation of the concept of sustainable development are concerned. First inspired by Lynn White in the 1960s, discussion on religion's role in the ecological crisis now allows for an honest assessment of the ecological potential of various religious traditions and their contribution to the building of a sustainable world. This article on the one hand points to the religious inspirations behind the concept of sustainable development, and on the other highlights the joint action of representatives of religion and science in the name of sustainable development, as well as the involvement of religions in the concept's implementation.

Mindful Sustainable Aging: Advancing a Comprehensive Approach to the Challenges and Opportunities of Old Age

PubMed Central

Nilsson, Håkan; Bülow, Pia H.; Kazemi, Ali

2015-01-01

The primary aim of this article is to present a new concept called mindful sustainable aging (MSA), which is informed by mindfulness practices that support the physical, the mental, and especially, the social and the existential dimensions of old life. The concept of MSA is discussed and compared with four influential psychosocial theories in the field of gerontology, i.e., activity theory, disengagement theory, successful aging theory and gerotranscendence theory. The article ends with reviewing research on how mindfulness practice can help to manage, diminish and/or improve a number of serious physical conditions that are common among older people. The potential of mindfulness when it comes to facilitating for older adults in their quest for spiritual and existential meaning is discussed extensively throughout the article. PMID:27247673

Regulations and Ethical Considerations for Astronomy Education Research II: Resources and Worked Examples

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brogt, Erik; Dokter, Erin; Antonellis, Jessie; Buxner, Sanlyn

This article discusses the legal and ethical requirements of human subjects research proposals in astronomy education research. We present an overview of the relevant laws, regulations, and guidelines that inform an Institutional Review Board evaluation of proposed research. We also present examples of potential research projects in astronomy education research and discuss their ethical issues.

Potential conflict between TRIPS and GATT concerning parallel importation of drugs and possible solution to prevent undesirable market segmentation.

PubMed

Lo, Chang-Fa

2011-01-01

From international perspective, parallel importation, especially with respect to drugs, has to do with the exhaustion principle in Article 6 of the TRIPS Agreement and the general exception in Article XX of the GATT 1994. Issues concerning the TRIPS Agreement have been constant topics of discussion. However, parallel importation in relation to the general rules of the GATT 1994 as well as to its exceptions provided in Article XX was not seriously discussed. In the view of the paper, there is a conflict between the provisions in these two agreements. The paper explains such conflict and tries to propose a method of interpretation to resolve the conflict between GATT Article XX and TRIPS Article 6 concerning parallel importation for the purpose of reducing the possible undesirable market segmentation in pharmaceutical sector. The method suggested in the paper is a proper application of good faith principle in the Vienna Convention to interpret GATT Article XX, so that there could be some flexibility for those prohibitions of parallel importation which have positive effect on international trade.

Hazards in the hospital.

PubMed

Seibert, P J

1994-02-01

In an earlier article (JAVMA, Jan 15, 1994), the author outlined some of the first steps necessary in establishing a hospital safety program that will comply with current Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines. One of the main concerns of the OSHA guidelines is that there be written plans for managing hazardous materials, performing dangerous jobs, and dealing with other potential safety problems. In this article, the author discusses potentially hazardous situations commonly found in veterinary practices and provides details on how to minimize the risks associated with those situations and how to implement safety procedures that will comply with the OSHA guidelines.

Ethical, legal, and social implications of incorporating genomic information into electronic health records.

PubMed

Hazin, Ribhi; Brothers, Kyle B; Malin, Bradley A; Koenig, Barbara A; Sanderson, Saskia C; Rothstein, Mark A; Williams, Marc S; Clayton, Ellen W; Kullo, Iftikhar J

2013-10-01

The inclusion of genomic data in the electronic health record raises important ethical, legal, and social issues. In this article, we highlight these challenges and discuss potential solutions. We provide a brief background on the current state of electronic health records in the context of genomic medicine, discuss the importance of equitable access to genome-enabled electronic health records, and consider the potential use of electronic health records for improving genomic literacy in patients and providers. We highlight the importance of privacy, access, and security, and of determining which genomic information is included in the electronic health record. Finally, we discuss the challenges of reporting incidental findings, storing and reinterpreting genomic data, and nondocumentation and duty to warn family members at potential genetic risk.

Integration of Gamification into Course Design: A Noble Endeavor with Potential Pitfalls

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore-Russo, Deborah; Wiss, Andrew; Grabowski, Jeremiah

2018-01-01

In this article, we provide a commentary on the current state of gamification in higher education by reviewing the research literature, noting a lack of research focused on the design of gamified postsecondary courses. To address this issue, we discuss four potential pitfalls instructors may encounter when designing gamified learning activities.…

Introducing parallelism to histogramming functions for GEM systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Krawczyk, Rafał D.; Czarski, Tomasz; Kolasinski, Piotr; Pozniak, Krzysztof T.; Linczuk, Maciej; Byszuk, Adrian; Chernyshova, Maryna; Juszczyk, Bartlomiej; Kasprowicz, Grzegorz; Wojenski, Andrzej; Zabolotny, Wojciech

2015-09-01

This article is an assessment of potential parallelization of histogramming algorithms in GEM detector system. Histogramming and preprocessing algorithms in MATLAB were analyzed with regard to adding parallelism. Preliminary implementation of parallel strip histogramming resulted in speedup. Analysis of algorithms parallelizability is presented. Overview of potential hardware and software support to implement parallel algorithm is discussed.

Concerns in Water Supply and Pollution Control: Legal, Social, and Economic.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burke, D. Barlow, Jr.; And Others

This bulletin contains three articles which focus on ground water's potential as a dependable supply source and some of the problems impeding the development of that potential. The authors' concerns are discussed from the vantage point of their areas of specialization: law, sociology, and economics. The first author states that water law abounds…

Evaluating the Potential of the GeoWall for Geographic Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Slocum, Terry A.; Dunbar, Matthew D.; Egbert, Stephen L.

2007-01-01

This article discusses modern stereoscopic displays for geographic education, focusing on a large-format display--the GeoWall. To evaluate the potential of the GeoWall, geography instructors were asked to express their reactions to images viewed on the GeoWall during a focus group experiment. Instructors overwhelmingly supported using the GeoWall,…

Community Music as "Music" Education: On the Educational Potential of Community Music

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koopman, Constantijn

2007-01-01

This article deals with the educational potential of community music. First, the author introduces the concept of community music and discusses its special position in today's society. Community music can play a significant role in promoting active music-making, particularly for those people who do not make use of standard musical arrangements.…

Developing Effective Earthquake Risk Reduction Strategies: The Potential Role of Academic Institutions in Lebanon

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baytiyeh, Hoda

2015-01-01

Lebanon faces the risk of powerful earthquakes with potentially devastating effects. However, the Lebanese people in general have not yet recognized this risk, as current educational programs and government officials have failed to inform them about it. This article discusses the essential role that Lebanese institutions of higher education should…

Perioperative Considerations in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

PubMed Central

Flavin, Kate; Vasdev, Nikhil; Ashead, Jim; Lane, Tim; Hanbury, Damian; Nathan, Paul; Gowrie-Mohan, Shanmugasundaram

2016-01-01

Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma are complex, with the potential for significant complications, and require extensive pre-, peri-, and postoperative management. This article discusses, in depth, the necessary considerations in the treatment of these patients. PMID:27833463

Consultation for Parents of Young Gifted Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolf, Joan S.

1989-01-01

The article describes private evaluation and consultation services provided to parents of young gifted children, and discusses the benefits of private consultation and the potential role of school personnel in meeting the needs of this population. (Author/JDD)

Market Access Advancements and Challenges in “Drug-Companion Diagnostic Test” Co-Development in Europe

PubMed Central

Akhmetov, Ildar; Ramaswamy, Rakshambikai; Akhmetov, Illias; Thimmaraju, Phani Kishore

2015-01-01

The pharma ecosphere is witnessing a measured transformation from the one-size-fits-all or blockbuster model of drugs to more informed and tailored personalized treatments that facilitate higher safety and efficacy for a relevant sub-population. However, with several breakthroughs still in a nascent stage, market access becomes a crucial factor for commercial success, especially when it comes to co-creating value for pertinent stakeholders. This article highlights diverse issues from stakeholder perspectives in Europe, specifically the ones which require immediate resolution. Furthermore, the article also discusses case studies articulating potential solutions for the issues discussed. PMID:26075972

Cancer pain and current theory for pain control.

PubMed

Kahan, Brian

2014-05-01

This article discusses current trends in managing cancer pain, with specific regard to opioid transmission, descending pathway inhabitation, and ways to facilitate the endogenous antinociceptive chemicals in the human body. Various techniques for opioid and nonopioid control of potential pain situations of patients with cancer are discussed. The benefits of using pharmacogenetics to assess the appropriate medications are addressed. Finally, specific treatment of abdominal cancer pain using radiofrequency lesioning is discussed. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Home and School Involvement of Young Children with Web 2.0 and Social Media

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barone, Diane

2012-01-01

This article focuses on young children's use of Web 2.0 and social media. A background is provided about the use of Web 2.0 and social media among young children. Strengths and concerns are discussed as well as home and school use of Web 2.0 and social media. Exemplary websites are shared. The article concludes with potential changes in the…

[Fractures of the talus].

PubMed

Thordarson, D B

2011-10-01

Fractures of the neck of the talus are a relatively uncommon fracture of the foot but they have potentially serious complications. This article details the Hawkins classification, operative treatment and indications, and complications of fractures of the neck of the talus. It also discusses the treatment of fractures of the body of the talus and talar head. An English full text version of this article is available at SpringerLink as supplemental.

Rigor Mortis: Statistical thoroughness in reporting and the making of truth.

PubMed

Tal, Aner

2016-02-01

Should a uniform checklist be adopted for methodological and statistical reporting? The current article discusses this notion, with particular attention to the use of old versus new statistics, and a consideration of the arguments brought up by Von Roten. The article argues that an overly exhaustive checklist that is uniformly applied to all submitted papers may be unsuitable for multidisciplinary work, and would further result in undue clutter and potentially distract reviewers from pertinent considerations in their evaluation of research articles. © The Author(s) 2015.

Oils and rubber from arid land plants

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Johnson, J. D.; Hinman, C. W.

1980-05-01

In this article the economic development potentials of Cucurbita species (buffalo gourd and others), Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba), Euphorbia lathyris (gopher plant), and Parthenium argentatum (guayule) are discussed. All of these plants may become important sources of oils or rubber.

Cybernetics and Education (Special Issue)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kopstein, Felix F., Ed.

1977-01-01

This is a special issue examining the potential of cybernetics in educational technology. Articles discuss: cybernetic methods, algorithms, feedback learning theory, a structural approach to behavioral objectives and criterion-referenced testing, task specifications and diagnosis, teacher-child interaction, educational development, teaching…

Vegetarian, vegan or meat eater. The pros and the cons.

PubMed

Ball, M

1997-11-01

This article discusses the potential health benefits of a vegetarian diet, while highlighting some potential problems that may occur if such a dietary regimen is adopted, particularly in certain groups. It emphasises the importance of health professionals contributing to people's knowledge of nutrition in order to allow them to choose a healthy diet, whether they are vegetarian or meat eaters.

How to Help Children with Learning Differences Reach Their Full Potential

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lavoie, Theresa

2008-01-01

This article is the third part of a 10-part series that explores Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). It offers and discusses tips on how to help children with learning differences reach their full potential. These include: (1) start with good nutrition; (2) be sure your child is exercising; (3) make sure your child is getting enough…

Translating Empirically Supported Strategies into Accessible Interventions: The Potential Utility of Exercise for the Treatment of Panic Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smits, Jasper A. J.; Powers, Mark B.; Berry, Angela C.; Otto, Michael W.

2007-01-01

Many patients suffering from panic disorder do not receive adequate care. Advances in the conceptualization and treatment of panic disorder encourage innovative strategies for targeting core fears (fears of anxiety sensations) that underlie this disorder. In this article, we discuss the use of exercise as a potential strategy for therapeutic…

Immersive virtual reality simulations in nursing education.

PubMed

Kilmon, Carol A; Brown, Leonard; Ghosh, Sumit; Mikitiuk, Artur

2010-01-01

This article explores immersive virtual reality as a potential educational strategy for nursing education and describes an immersive learning experience now being developed for nurses. This pioneering project is a virtual reality application targeting speed and accuracy of nurse response in emergency situations requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Other potential uses and implications for the development of virtual reality learning programs are discussed.

The potential uses of operational earthquake forecasting

USGS Publications Warehouse

Field, Edward; Jordan, Thomas; Jones, Lucille M.; Michael, Andrew; Blanpied, Michael L.

2016-01-01

This article reports on a workshop held to explore the potential uses of operational earthquake forecasting (OEF). We discuss the current status of OEF in the United States and elsewhere, the types of products that could be generated, the various potential users and uses of OEF, and the need for carefully crafted communication protocols. Although operationalization challenges remain, there was clear consensus among the stakeholders at the workshop that OEF could be useful.

Potential Use of Classroom Response Systems (CRS, Clickers) in Foods, Nutrition, and Dietetics Higher Education.

PubMed

Gould, Susan Martin

2016-10-01

Although hundreds of articles have been published about the use of classroom response systems (CRS, clickers) in higher education, few address the use in foods, nutrition, and dietetics courses, especially upper-division, major courses. This technology has the potential to increase student engagement, motivation, assessment, and, possibly, learning. Thoughtfully designed questions may stimulate discussions, especially about challenging nutrition topics. This article presents the viability and potential benefits for the use of CRS in foods, nutrition, and dietetics classes through a brief literature summary, overview of the author's experiences, and guidance for implementing this technology. Copyright © 2016 Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Middle Eocene, older sequences in rifts key to potential in western Indonesia

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Courteney, S.

1996-05-27

In Part 1 of this article three areas, the Tiga Puluh arch (Sumatra), the Tanjung Raya area (Kalimantan), and the East Java basin in western Indonesia were discussed in terms of sequence stratigraphy. Such data have been interpreted for each basin in western Indonesia and two example correlations are discussed. A correlation chart of the major basins of Western Indonesia is shown in this paper. This chart was prepared on the basis of the regional correlations using sequence stratigraphy discussed.

2013 Update in addiction medicine for the generalist.

PubMed

Gordon, Adam J; Bertholet, Nicolas; McNeely, Jennifer; Starrels, Joanna L; Tetrault, Jeanette M; Walley, Alexander Y

2013-11-04

Increasingly, patients with unhealthy alcohol and other drug use are being seen in primary care and other non-specialty addiction settings. Primary care providers are well positioned to screen, assess, and treat patients with alcohol and other drug use because this use, and substance use disorders, may contribute to a host of medical and mental health harms. We sought to identify and examine important recent advances in addiction medicine in the medical literature that have implications for the care of patients in primary care or other generalist settings. To accomplish this aim, we selected articles in the field of addiction medicine, critically appraised and summarized the manuscripts, and highlighted their implications for generalist practice. During an initial review, we identified articles through an electronic Medline search (limited to human studies and in English) using search terms for alcohol and other drugs of abuse published from January 2010 to January 2012. After this initial review, we searched for other literature in web-based or journal resources for potential articles of interest. From the list of articles identified in these initial reviews, each of the six authors independently selected articles for more intensive review and identified the ones they found to have a potential impact on generalist practice. The identified articles were then ranked by the number of authors who selected each article. Through a consensus process over 4 meetings, the authors reached agreement on the articles with implications for practice for generalist clinicians that warranted inclusion for discussion. The authors then grouped the articles into five categories: 1) screening and brief interventions in outpatient settings, 2) identification and management of substance use among inpatients, 3) medical complications of substance use, 4) use of pharmacotherapy for addiction treatment in primary care and its complications, and 5) integration of addiction treatment and medical care. The authors discuss each selected articles' merits, limitations, conclusions, and implication to advancing addiction screening, assessment, and treatment of addiction in generalist physician practice environments.

The issues surrounding social network sites and healthcare professionals.

PubMed

Azizi, Taraneh

2013-10-01

This article discusses issues surrounding online social networking, and the implications of the use of these sites by healthcare professionals. The article provides guidance to healthcare professionals, as the increased use of sites like Facebook and Twitter have the potential to bring risks to healthcare. Use of these websites can be a very grey area, and boundaries need to be clearly set to ensure protection of service users and healthcare staff alike.

Trends in Food Packaging.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ott, Dana B.

1988-01-01

This article discusses developments in food packaging, processing, and preservation techniques in terms of packaging materials, technologies, consumer benefits, and current and potential food product applications. Covers implications due to consumer life-style changes, cost-effectiveness of packaging materials, and the ecological impact of…

Safety Precautions in Fiber Arts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hamilton, Marcia

1979-01-01

The author discusses the potential hazards of working with fibers, dyes, and wax in textile art projects: bacteria, dust, poisons, allergies, and fumes. Safety precautions for working with dyes are listed. This article is one of seven in this issue on fiber arts. (SJL)

When synthetic chemicals degrade in the environment: What are the absolute fate, effects, and potential risks to humans and the ecosystem?

USGS Publications Warehouse

Boxall, Alistair; Sinclair, C.; Fenner, Kathrin; Kolpin, Dana W.; Maund, S.

2004-01-01

Although some regulatory schemes require information about the impacts of degradates on human and environmental health, that information does not exist for many compounds (25, 26). Pesticides are the exception. In this article, we bring together the available data to address the environmental behavior of degradates and their effects on organisms and discuss how to identify substances of potential concern. In addition, we cite gaps in the current knowledge and make recommendations for future research requirements. While the article focuses on pesticides, we believe these observations can be extended to biologically active compounds and some industrial substances.

Calcium polysulphide, its applications and emerging risk of environmental pollution-a review article.

PubMed

Dahlawi, Saad Mohammed; Siddiqui, Samreen

2017-01-01

Easy availability, preparation technique, and economic value make calcium polysulphide (CaS x ) a very useful inorganic chemical for various field and industrial applications. In this article, disparate applications of CaS x solution have been reviewed to suggest potential and future consolidation. This article also encompasses the physiochemical properties and production of CaS x solution, with critical appraisal on research focusing on CaS x application in agriculture industries and removal of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from the environment. The kinetics of CaS x , technical issues associated with optimization of its dosage and environmental fate is also discussed in detail. This study covers almost all of the peer-reviewed research that has been performed since 1914. Some of the critiques in this article include the lack of integration between the exposure effect and the efficiency of treatment method, effects of oxidizing environments on the long-term performance of CaS x solution, and kinetics of CaS x solution with the PTEs. The working model of CaS x with PTEs is still system dependent, and therefore cannot be used with other applications. The kinetics of CaS x is described in detail with various phase stoichiometric reactions. Environmental fate is discussed based on applications, government reports, peer-reviewed articles and kinetics of CaS x , which provides a clear picture of emerging contaminants in the environment in relation to the insect resistance and ecotoxicology. Real time, lab based research articles are needed to identify toxicity limits of CaS x in environment in order to describe its effective permissible limit in environmental system. This review article provides a risk assessment of environmental pollution by CaS x based on its physicochemical characteristic, stoichiometry, kinetics, field, and industrial applications.

Framing global health: the governance challenge.

PubMed

McInnes, Colin; Kamradt-Scott, Adam; Lee, Kelley; Reubi, David; Roemer-Mahler, Anne; Rushton, Simon; Williams, Owain David; Woodling, Marie

2012-01-01

With the emergence of global health comes governance challenges which are equally global in nature. This article identifies some of the initial limitations in analyses of global health governance (GHG) before discussing the focus of this special supplement: the framing of global health issues and the manner in which this impacts upon GHG. Whilst not denying the importance of material factors (such as resources and institutional competencies), the article identifies how issues can be framed in different ways, thereby creating particular pathways of response which in turn affect the potential for and nature of GHG. It also identifies and discusses the key frames operating in global health: evidence-based medicine, human rights, security, economics and development.

Impact of information and communication technology on child health.

PubMed

Woo, Eugenia Hc; White, Peter; Lai, Christopher Wk

2016-06-01

This article provides a general framework for understanding the use of information and communication technology in education and discusses the impact of computer usage on students' health and development. Potential beneficial and harmful effects of computer use by children are discussed. Early epidemiological and laboratory studies have indicated that children are at least of similar risk of developing musculoskeletal and vision problems as adults, and musculoskeletal and visual health problems developed in childhood are likely to persist into adulthood. This article, therefore, aims to provide a reflection on the deficits of existing policy and recommendations for child-specific guidelines in computer use. © 2016 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (The Royal Australasian College of Physicians).

Operating a transmission company under open access: The basic requirements

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hunt, S.; Shuttleworth, G.

1993-03-01

In both Europe and North America, technical and legal changes are increasing the opportunities for electricity traders to use transmission lines and grids that are owned by other companies. This article discusses the view that transmission maybe a service potentially separable from the production and retailing of electricity, and that transmission should be freely available at an appropriate price. Grid operators are wary of proposals to open access to transmission. European legislators want grid operators to become Transmission System Operators (TSO), moving energy around the network for others. Also discussed in this article are the powers that the TSO shouldmore » be allowed to exercise if access to transmission is made available.« less

Extreme Mechanics: Self-Folding Origami

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Santangelo, Christian D.

2017-03-01

Origami has emerged as a tool for designing three-dimensional structures from flat films. Because they can be fabricated by lithographic or roll-to-roll processing techniques, they have great potential for the manufacture of complicated geometries and devices. This article discusses the mechanics of origami and kirigami with a view toward understanding how to design self-folding origami structures. Whether an origami structure can be made to fold autonomously depends strongly on the geometry and kinematics of the origami fold pattern. This article collects some of the results on origami rigidity into a single framework, and discusses how these aspects affect the foldability of origami. Despite recent progress, most problems in origami and origami design remain completely open.

Toward building a typology for the evaluation of services in family support programs.

PubMed

Manalo, V; Meezan, W

2000-01-01

This article briefly reviews the history, philosophy, practice principles, and foci of family support programs, examines the typologies currently in use to classify these programs, and discusses the difficulties these classifications pose for program evaluators. The authors introduce a new typology that deconstructs family support programs into their component services and discuss the potential of this typology for evaluation of family support services.

Digital video applications in radiologic education: theory, technique, and applications.

PubMed

Hennessey, J G; Fishman, E K; Ney, D R

1994-05-01

Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) has great potential in medical education. The recent explosion of multimedia platforms provides an environment for the seemless integration of text, images, and sound into a single program. This article discusses the role of digital video in the current educational environment as well as its future potential. An indepth review of the technical decisions of this new technology is also presented.

Prophylactic surgery prior to extended-duration space flight: Is the benefit worth the risk?

PubMed Central

Ball, Chad G.; Kirkpatrick, Andrew W.; Williams, David R.; Jones, Jeffrey A.; Polk, J.D.; Vanderploeg, James M.; Talamini, Mark A.; Campbell, Mark R.; Broderick, Timothy J.

2012-01-01

This article explores the potential benefits and defined risks associated with prophylactic surgical procedures for astronauts before extended-duration space flight. This includes, but is not limited to, appendectomy and cholecystesctomy. Furthermore, discussion of treatment during space flight, potential impact of an acute illness on a defined mission and the ethical issues surrounding this concept are debated in detail. PMID:22564516

Breaking Away

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Panettieri, Joseph C.

2007-01-01

This article discusses open source projects which may free universities from expensive, rigid commercial software. But will the rewards outweigh the potential risks? The Kuali Project involves multiple universities writing and sharing code for their financial and operational systems. Another, the Sakai Project, is a community source platform for…

Prostitution

PubMed Central

Sawa, R.J.

1987-01-01

A review of the literature discloses that prostitutes are distinguishable into distinct classes, each with distinct clinical implications. The spectre of AIDS suggests that we review the implications of the health risks associated with this profession. This article discusses the potential causes, health problems, and treatment of prostitutes. PMID:21263810

Major Bleeding after Percutaneous Image-Guided Biopsies: Frequency, Predictors, and Periprocedural Management

PubMed Central

Kennedy, Sean A.; Milovanovic, Lazar; Midia, Mehran

2015-01-01

Major bleeding remains an uncommon yet potentially devastating complication following percutaneous image-guided biopsy. This article reviews two cases of major bleeding after percutaneous biopsy and discusses the frequency, predictors, and periprocedural management of major postprocedural bleeding. PMID:25762845

Who's Asking?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kohn, Alfie

2015-01-01

In this article, Alfie Kohn discusses four questions about questioning--starting with questions that are more basic, and progressing to some that are "deeper and potentially more subversive of traditional schooling." He begins by considering what questions we should ask students, and encourages teachers to keep questions with…

Effects of Parental Substance Abuse on Youth in Their Homes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schroeder, Valarie; Kelley, Michelle L.; Fals-Stewart, William

2006-01-01

This article discusses the potential differential effects of parental alcohol versus drug abuse on the family environment, dyadic adjustment, and parent functioning. How these differences may be associated with development and adjustment differences of youth in these homes is then examined.

The Trainer As Machiavelli

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bell, Chip R.

1976-01-01

The article views power as a potential tool for human resource development (HRD) practitioners and focuses on personal power (the ability to influence others) rather than on role power (the right to influence others). Manipulation is discussed as a way to exercise personal power. (Author/BP)

Policy Problematization

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Webb, P. Taylor

2014-01-01

This article places Michel Foucault's concept of "problematization" in relation to educational policy research. My goal is to examine a key assumption of policy related to "solving problems" through such technologies. I discuss the potential problematization has to alter conceptions of policy research; and, through this…

Misconceptions about Psychological Science: A Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hughes, Sean; Lyddy, Fiona; Lambe, Sinead

2013-01-01

This article provides an overview of the available evidence on psychological misconceptions, including key findings, current directions and emerging issues for investigation. We begin by defining misconceptions and then examine their prevalence and persistence, discuss their implications for student learning and highlight potential strategies to…

An Overview of Continuing Interprofessional Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reeves, Scott

2009-01-01

Interprofessional education, continuing interprofessional education, interprofessional collaboration, and interprofessional care are moving to the forefront of approaches with the potential to reorganize the delivery of health professions education and health care practice. This article discusses 7 key trends in the scholarship and practice of…

The disconnections between space, place and learning in interprofessional education: an overview of key issues.

PubMed

Kitto, Simon; Nordquist, Jonas; Peller, Jennifer; Grant, Rachel; Reeves, Scott

2013-09-01

This article explores and discusses current conceptual and empirical dimensions of the study of space, place, education and interprofessional education (IPE) within a health professions context. This article addresses defining elements of the concepts, their use in nursing and medical literature and their positioning within educational theories. It outlines a series of ideas and approaches for future research aimed at investigating the intersections and relationships amongst these concepts. Importantly, this article argues that the conceptualization of space and place in IPE can potentially impact how educational space, places and curricular are (re)conducted and utilized.

Discussing study limitations in reports of biomedical studies- the need for more transparency.

PubMed

Puhan, Milo A; Akl, Elie A; Bryant, Dianne; Xie, Feng; Apolone, Giovanni; ter Riet, Gerben

2012-02-23

Unbiased and frank discussion of study limitations by authors represents a crucial part of the scientific discourse and progress. In today's culture of publishing many authors or scientific teams probably balance 'utter honesty' when discussing limitations of their research with the risk of being unable to publish their work. Currently, too few papers in the medical literature frankly discuss how limitations could have affected the study findings and interpretations. The goals of this commentary are to review how limitations are currently acknowledged in the medical literature, to discuss the implications of limitations in biomedical studies, and to make suggestions as to how to openly discuss limitations for scientists submitting their papers to journals. This commentary was developed through discussion and logical arguments by the authors who are doing research in the area of hedging (use of language to express uncertainty) and who have extensive experience as authors and editors of biomedical papers. We strongly encourage authors to report on all potentially important limitations that may have affected the quality and interpretation of the evidence being presented. This will not only benefit science but also offers incentives for authors: If not all important limitations are acknowledged readers and reviewers of scientific articles may perceive that the authors were unaware of them. Authors should take advantage of their content knowledge and familiarity with the study to prevent misinterpretations of the limitations by reviewers and readers. Articles discussing limitations help shape the future research agenda and are likely to be cited because they have informed the design and conduct of future studies. Instead of perceiving acknowledgment of limitations negatively, authors, reviewers and editors should recognize the potential of a frank and unbiased discussion of study limitations that should not jeopardize acceptance of manuscripts.

Urticaria: "You're Probably Just Allergic to Something".

PubMed

Smallwood, Jordan

2016-11-01

Urticaria is a common symptom seen in pediatric patients, and it has multiple allergic and nonallergic causes. Unfortunately, it is far too common that when children present acutely for urticaria, they are told that it is an "allergy." This statement often leads to increased anxiety while the patient waits to be evaluated by an allergist/immunologist. This article discusses the frequency that allergic reactions are involved in urticaria and provides examples of potential nonallergic causes. Additionally, the article discusses approaches to treatment that may be appropriate to initiate in the pediatrician's office or acute setting. This article is intended to provide a broader understanding of urticaria and its management in the outpatient or emergency setting so that we are able to tell our patients more than"you're probably just allergic to something." [Pediatr Ann. 2016;45(11):e399-e402.]. Copyright 2016, SLACK Incorporated.

Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide policy in The Netherlands and Oregon: a comparative analysis.

PubMed

Patel, Kant

2004-01-01

This article presents a comparative analysis of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide policy in The Netherlands and the state of Oregon in the United States. The topics of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide are discussed in the context of the historical setting of The Netherlands and the United States with special emphasis placed on public opinion, role of the courts and the legislative bodies, and opinions of physicians. Major similarities and differences in the laws of The Netherlands and Oregon are discussed. The article examines whether the passage of the law has led to a slide down the slippery slope in The Netherlands and Oregon as had been suggested by the opponents of the law. The article concludes that the empirical evidence does not support the contention of the opponents. However, the author argues that the potential for this happening is much greater in The Netherlands than in Oregon.

The medicalization of addiction treatment professionals.

PubMed

Roy, A Kenison; Miller, Michael M

2012-01-01

In a previous article, the authors described the changes initiated by recent health care legislation, and how those changes might affect the practice of medicine and the delivery of addiction services. This article reviews the same changes with respect to how they have the potential to change the practice activities of addiction physicians, addiction therapists, addiction counselors and addiction nurses, as well as the activities of administrators and service delivery financial personnel. Developments in delivery systems and the impact of those developments on professionals who work in addiction treatment are considered; current problems, potential solutions, and opportunities for clinicians under health reform are addressed. The goals envisioned for health system reform and the potential for realization of those goals via changes in addiction service delivery design and clinical practice are discussed.

The collision of healthcare and corporate law in a hospital closure case.

PubMed

Himes, S M

2001-01-01

This Article analyzes potential conflicts that arise from both the judicial and administrative approval processes that govern the closure of charitable hospitals through a sale of all or substantially all of their assets. Examining the recent closure attempt by the Manhattan Eye, Ear & Throat Hospital as an example, the Article highlights the various public health and corporate law issues that are raised when a not-for-profit hospital seeks closure. The Article thoroughly discusses both the statutorily and judicially required approval schemes applicable to the closure of charitable hospitals. The Article also suggests ways in which these conflicts might be avoided or remedied, as well as gives advice regarding hospital board decisionmaking.

British National Party representations of Muslims in the month after the London bombings: homogeneity, threat, and the conspiracy tradition.

PubMed

Wood, C; Finlay, W M L

2008-12-01

This study presents an analysis of articles written by prominent members of the British National Party. Each of these articles discussed Muslims and Islam in the aftermath of the 7 July 2005 London bombings. Two prominent discursive themes are discussed here. The first concerned the writers' constructions of the threat that Muslims and Islam pose to Britain. Central to this theme were constructions of Muslims as 'fascists', anti-white racists, and all potentially dangerous, although there was variability in this. Using the Koran as evidence, the articles present a vision of a faith which intends to take over the country; in this way, a homogenous, culturally essentialist version of Muslims is worked up. The second theme illustrates how the writers challenge those who believe that creating a British multicultural society is possible, and in doing so construct liberals and multiculturalists as also posing a threat to the country. The ways in which this represents a variety of conspiracy theory, and the implications of these constructions for social action, are discussed.

Black Greek-Lettered Organizations and Civic Responsibility

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evans, Stephanie Y.

2004-01-01

This article discuss the potential impact of Black Greek-Lettered Organizations (BGLOs) in advancing African American civil and political rights. During the antebellum years and Jim Crow era, barriers to Black voting included enslavement, anti-literacy laws, violence and intimidation, grandfather clauses, gerrymandering, literacy requirements,…

Transparency in Cooperative Online Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dalsgaard, Christian; Paulsen, Morten Flate

2009-01-01

The purpose of this article is to discuss the following question: What is the potential of social networking within cooperative online education? Social networking does not necessarily involve communication, dialogue, or collaboration. Instead, the authors argue that "transparency" is a unique feature of social networking services.…

Visions of the '90s.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quinn, Judy, Ed.

1990-01-01

Five articles present the views of editors, publishers, librarians, and distributors on the future of book publishing and libraries. Some of the issues discussed include the potential for electronic publishing and ordering systems; marketing strategies; the status of the publishing industry; the quality of published books; and federal…

Hypertext, Hypermedia, and Metacognition: Research and Instructional Implications for Disabled Readers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Balajthy, Ernest

1990-01-01

The article examines the potential impact of computer-based text technologies, called hypermedia, on disabled readers. Discussed are hypertext, the hypercard, and implications of metacognitive research (such as author versus user control over text manipulations), instructional implications, and instructional text engineering. (DB)

Commuting from Electronic Cottage to Virtual Library.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woodward, Jeannette

1996-01-01

Although telecommuting has been found to increase productivity and morale in business environments, libraries rarely consider it. This article discusses telecommuting's potential impact on contact with users, length of employment, job descriptions, budgets, management style, communication, and workflow. This option may help libraries retain older…

Teaching the Writing Process

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keen, John

2017-01-01

This article outlines some cognitive process models of writing composition. Possible reasons why students' writing capabilities do not match their abilities in some other school subjects are explored. Research findings on the efficacy of process approaches to teaching writing are presented and potential shortcomings are discussed. Product-based…

Lock Up Those Lines: Protecting against Phone Fraud.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schleyer, Peggy E.; Hibner, Dale V.

1996-01-01

School business officials must be aware of potential liabilities associated with Centrex and Private Branch Exchange (PBX). This article describes these systems, presents guidelines for developing a telecommunications management plan, and discusses options to limit toll fraud exposure. PBX owners should implement manufacturers' recommended…

ERP=Efficiency

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Violino, Bob

2008-01-01

This article discusses the enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. Deploying an ERP system is one of the most extensive--and expensive--IT projects a college or university can undertake. The potential benefits of ERP are significant: a more smoothly running operation with efficiencies in virtually every area of administration, from automated…

Promoting School and Life Success through Early Childhood Family Literacy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swick, Kevin J.

2009-01-01

Early childhood family literacy programs have great potential to positively influence children and families. This article presents the core values and key components of high quality early childhood family literacy programs. The benefits and cost effectiveness of these programs are also discussed.

[Theme Issue: Communications Satellites.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howkins, John, Ed.

1976-01-01

One section of this journal is devoted to issues involving broadcast satellites. Separate articles discuss the need for international planning of satellite broadcasting, decisions made at the 1971 World Administrative Radio Conference for Space Telecommunications, potential problems in satellite broadcasting, a series of proposals drawn up by the…

Inter-Institutional Collaboration and Team Teaching.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gatliff, Bee; Wendel, Frederick C.

1998-01-01

Inter-institutional collaboration and team teaching can enhance distance education. Of particular interest to those who are new to distance education or collaborative relationships, this article discusses several issues that should be considered in the planning process to avoid potential roadblocks and to maximize returns. (Author/AEF)

Through a Feminist Poststructuralist Lens: Embodied Subjectivites and Participatory Action Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chesnay, Catherine T.

2016-01-01

An emerging literature has been building bridges between poststructuralism and participatory action research, highlighting the latter's potential for transformative action. Using examples from participative action research projects with incarcerated or previously incarcerated women, this article discusses how participatory action research is a…

Home equity conversion plans as a source of retirement income.

PubMed

Springer, P B

1985-09-01

This article describes in detail a variety of home equity conversion plans and discusses their relevance for social security beneficiaries, as well as for the aged in general. Under these plans, a dormant asset--accumulated home equity--is converted into current retirement income. The plans vary: Some are debt instruments; others involve the sale and leaseback of the residence. Some provide income for a fixed term; others offer a lifetime annuity. Some include a public subsidy; others are free of governmental involvement. The advantages and disadvantages of these plans, as well as examples of how they operate and their respective income potential, are discussed in this article. The relevance of home equity conversion plans for social security beneficiaries is illustrated by means of data from the Retirement History Study. These data allow comparison of various demographic groups in terms of their dependence on social security benefits. Each group is examined in terms of available home equity and home equity potential under several conversion plans.

Primary Care Integration of Psychiatric and Behavioral Health Services: A Primer for Providers and Case Report of Local Implementation.

PubMed

Guerrero, Anthony Ps; Takesue, Cori L; Medeiros, Jared Hn; Duran, Aileen A; Humphry, Joseph W; Lunsford, Ryan M; Shaw, Diana V; Fukuda, Michael H; Hishinuma, Earl S

2017-06-01

Mental health conditions are common, disabling, potentially life-threatening, and costly; however, they are mostly treatable with early detection and intervention. Unfortunately, mental healthcare is in significantly short supply both nationally and locally, and particularly in small, rural, and relatively isolated communities. This article provides physicians and other health practitioners with a primer on the basic rationale and principles of integrating behavioral healthcare - particularly psychiatric specialty care - in primary care settings, including effective use of teleconferencing. Referring to a local-based example, this paper describes the programmatic components (universal screening, telephone availability, mutually educational team rounds, as-needed consultations, etc) that operationalize and facilitate successful primary care integration, and illustrates how these elements are applied to population segments with differing needs for behavioral healthcare involvement. Lastly, the article discusses the potential value of primary care integration in promoting quality, accessibility, and provider retention; discusses how new developments in healthcare financing could enhance the sustainability of primary care integration models; and summarizes lessons learned.

Neuroimaging techniques for memory detection: scientific, ethical, and legal issues.

PubMed

Meegan, Daniel V

2008-01-01

There is considerable interest in the use of neuroimaging techniques for forensic purposes. Memory detection techniques, including the well-publicized Brain Fingerprinting technique (Brain Fingerprinting Laboratories, Inc., Seattle WA), exploit the fact that the brain responds differently to sensory stimuli to which it has been exposed before. When a stimulus is specifically associated with a crime, the resulting brain activity should differentiate between someone who was present at the crime and someone who was not. This article reviews the scientific literature on three such techniques: priming, old/new, and P300 effects. The forensic potential of these techniques is evaluated based on four criteria: specificity, automaticity, encoding flexibility, and longevity. This article concludes that none of the techniques are devoid of forensic potential, although much research is yet to be done. Ethical issues, including rights to privacy and against self-incrimination, are discussed. A discussion of legal issues concludes that current memory detection techniques do not yet meet United States standards of legal admissibility.

A narrative review of recent developments in knowledge translation and implications for mental health care providers.

PubMed

Goldner, Elliot M; Jenkins, Emily K; Fischer, Benedikt

2014-03-01

Attention to knowledge translation (KT) has increased in the health care field in an effort to improve uptake and implementation of potentially beneficial knowledge. We provide an overview of the current state of KT literature and discuss the relevance of KT for health care professionals working in mental health. A systematic search was conducted using MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases to identify review articles published in journals from 2007 to 2012. We selected articles on the basis of eligibility criteria and then added further articles deemed pertinent to the focus of ourpaper. After removing duplicates, we scanned 214 review articles for relevance and, subsequently, we added 46 articles identified through hand searches of reference lists or from other sources. A total of 61 papers were retained for full review. Qualitative synthesis identified 5 main themes: defining KT and development of KT science; effective KT strategies; factors influencing the effectiveness of KT; KT frameworks and guides; and relevance of KT to health care providers. Despite limitations in existing evidence, the concept and practice of KT holds potential value for mental health care providers. Understanding of, and familiarity with, effective approaches to KT holds the potential to enhance providers' treatment approaches and to promote the use of new knowledge in practice to enhance outcomes.

A Critical Review of Available Retrievable Inferior Vena Cava Filters and Future Directions

PubMed Central

Montgomery, Jennifer P.; Kaufman, John A.

2016-01-01

Inferior vena cava filters have been placed in patients for decades for protection against pulmonary embolism. The widespread use of filters has dramatically increased owing at least in part to the approval of retrievable vena cava filters. Retrievable filters have the potential to protect against pulmonary embolism and then be retrieved once no longer needed to avoid potential long-term complications. There are several retrievable vena cava filters available for use. This article discusses the different filter designs as well as the published data on these available filters. When selecting a filter for use, it is important to consider the potential short-term complications and the filters' window for retrieval. Understanding potential long-term complications is also critical, as these devices are approved for permanent placement and many filters are not retrieved. Finally, this article will address research into new designs that may be the future of vena cava filtration. PMID:27247475

A Critical Review of Available Retrievable Inferior Vena Cava Filters and Future Directions.

PubMed

Montgomery, Jennifer P; Kaufman, John A

2016-06-01

Inferior vena cava filters have been placed in patients for decades for protection against pulmonary embolism. The widespread use of filters has dramatically increased owing at least in part to the approval of retrievable vena cava filters. Retrievable filters have the potential to protect against pulmonary embolism and then be retrieved once no longer needed to avoid potential long-term complications. There are several retrievable vena cava filters available for use. This article discusses the different filter designs as well as the published data on these available filters. When selecting a filter for use, it is important to consider the potential short-term complications and the filters' window for retrieval. Understanding potential long-term complications is also critical, as these devices are approved for permanent placement and many filters are not retrieved. Finally, this article will address research into new designs that may be the future of vena cava filtration.

Aesthetic treatment of discoloration of nonvital teeth.

PubMed

Miara, P

1995-09-01

Attempts to treat discoloration in nonvital teeth were first reported a century ago. This article discusses two potential causes of nonvital tooth discoloration-trauma and endodontic treatment-along with a step-by-step clinical procedure for treatment of the discoloration. In trauma, hemoglobin is released into the tissues; iron oxides, formed by oxygen and iron in hemoglobin, cause discoloration and swelling that infringes on pulp space, forcing the pulp to recede with a potential loss of tooth vitality. After endodontic treatment, either hemorrhaging, materials used, or incomplete removal and breakdown of necrotic tissue may cause staining. The learning objective of this article is to review the causes and the prevention/treatment of discoloration in nonvital teeth.

Investigation of spin-zero bosons in q-deformed relativistic quantum mechanics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sobhani, H.; Chung, W. S.; Hassanabadi, H.

2018-04-01

In this article, Scattering states of Klein-Gordon equation for three scatter potentials of single and double Dirac delta and a potential well in the q-deformed formalism of relativistic quantum mechanics have been derived. At first, we discussed how q-deformed formalism can be constructed and used. Postulates of this q-deformed quantum mechanics are noted. Then scattering problems for spin-zero bosons are studied.

Commentary: Learning from Variations in Fidelity of Implementation.

PubMed

Balu, Rekha; Doolittle, Fred

2016-12-01

The articles in this special issue discuss efforts to improve academic reading outcomes for students and ways to achieve high implementation fidelity of promising strategies. At times the authors discuss if-and how-strong fidelity is associated with strong outcomes and potentially even impacts (the difference between program and control group outcomes). We want to explore this theme in two ways: (a) learning from the variation in fidelity to think about potential points of entry and levers for improvement in implementation, and (b) broadening the evaluation focus to include "service contrast" as a factor driving impacts on student outcomes. We conclude with suggestions for future research. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A report on case reports

PubMed Central

Gopikrishna, Velayutham

2010-01-01

Case reports are defined as the scientific documentation of a single clinical observation and have a time-honored and rich tradition in medicine and scientific publication. This article discusses the role and relevance of case reports in the current evidence-based medical literature. It also seeks to help and guide authors to understand how to prepare a reasonable and well-written case report and how they may anticipate concerns that peer reviewers may express when scrutinizing their manuscript. An overview of the Journal of Conservative Dentistry’s review process of a manuscript submission is provided for the benefit of future authors. It is important to be able to read a case report critically and to use the information they contain appropriately. This article also discusses the factors to consider in evaluating individual case reports, and discusses a practical conceptual scheme for evaluating the potential value and educational content of a case report. PMID:21217956

[Application of spectral optical coherent tomography (SOCT) in ophthalmology].

PubMed

Bieganowski, Lech; Wojtkowski, Maciej; Kowalczyk, Andrzej; Kałuzny, Jakub J

2004-01-01

The article describes spectral optical coherent tomography (SOCT) constructed by Medical Physics Group, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics at Nicholas Copernicus University in Toruń (Poland). It presents the physical bases for the functioning of the constructed device and includes pictures of optical sections of various elements of the eyeball: an optic disc and the region of central fovea, a cornea and angle structures (trabecular meshwork). The article also discusses potential application of SOCT in ophthalmic diagnosis of anterior and posterior segments of the eye.

Addicted media: substances on screen.

PubMed

Thompson, Kimberly M

2005-07-01

The depiction of alcohol and drug traffic/usage in films has caused concern since the advent of motion pictures and continues to raise concern with the introduction of new media. This article provides a comprehensive review of much of the existing peer-reviewed published literature about the depiction of substances in the media by focusing on the information obtained in content analyses. This article demonstrates the widespread and overwhelming presence of substances in the media viewed by youth and highlights reviews that discuss the potential impacts of these depictions.

The propagation and backscattering of soliton-like pulses in a chain of quartz beads and related problems. (II). Backscattering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manciu, Marian; Sen, Surajit; Hurd, Alan J.

1999-12-01

We demonstrate that the propagation of solitons, soliton-like excitations and acoustic pulses discussed in the preceding article (M. Manciu, S. Sen and A.J. Hurd, Physica A, preceding article) can be used to detect buried impurities in a chain of elastic grains with Hertzian contacts. We also present preliminary data for 3D granular beds, where soliton-like objects can form and can be used to probe for buried impurities, thus suggesting that soliton-pulse spectroscopy has the potential to become a valuable tool for probing the structural properties of granular assemblies. The effects of restitution are briefly discussed. We refer to available experiments which support our contention.

Targeting Parenting in Early Childhood: A Public Health Approach to Improve Outcomes for Children Living in Poverty.

PubMed

Morris, Amanda Sheffield; Robinson, Lara R; Hays-Grudo, Jennifer; Claussen, Angelika H; Hartwig, Sophie A; Treat, Amy E

2017-03-01

In this article, the authors posit that programs promoting nurturing parent-child relationships influence outcomes of parents and young children living in poverty through two primary mechanisms: (a) strengthening parents' social support and (b) increasing positive parent-child interactions. The authors discuss evidence for these mechanisms as catalysts for change and provide examples from selected parenting programs that support the influence of nurturing relationships on child and parenting outcomes. The article focuses on prevention programs targeted at children and families living in poverty and closes with a discussion of the potential for widespread implementation and scalability for public health impact. © 2017 The Authors. Child Development © 2017 Society for Research in Child Development, Inc.

Tendon Transfers Part II: Transfers for Ulnar Nerve Palsy and Median Nerve Palsy

PubMed Central

Sammer, Douglas M.; Chung, Kevin C.

2009-01-01

Objectives After reading this article (part II of II), the participant should be able to: 1. Describe the anatomy and function of the median and ulnar nerves in the forearm and hand. 2. Describe the clinical deficits associated with injury to each nerve. 3. Describe the indications, benefits, and drawbacks for various tendon transfer procedures used to treat median and ulnar nerve palsy.4. Describe the treatment of combined nerve injuries. 5. Describe postoperative care and possible complications associated with these tendon transfer procedures. Summary This article discusses the use of tendon transfer procedures for treatment of median and ulnar nerve palsy as well as combined nerve palsies. Postoperative management and potential complications are also discussed. PMID:19730287

The Future of Access Technology for Blind and Visually Impaired People.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schreier, E. M.

1990-01-01

This article describes potential use of new technological products and services by blind/visually impaired people. Items discussed include computer input devices, public telephones, automatic teller machines, airline and rail arrival/departure displays, ticketing machines, information retrieval systems, order-entry terminals, optical character…

Multilingualism in Education: A Poststructuralist Critique

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McNamara, Tim

2011-01-01

Discussions of multilingualism in education, as exemplified by the articles in this issue, can be critically reevaluated using perspectives available from poststructuralism. These perspectives focus on the potential ambiguity of language and language practices. This, in turn, encourages us to question simple notions of the relationship of learners…

Assessing Individuals' Global Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Merrill, Kelly Carter; Braskamp, David C.; Braskamp, Larry A.

2012-01-01

This article introduces the Global Perspective Inventory (GPI), a survey instrument that measures participants' global perspective in terms of cognitive, intrapersonal, and interpersonal domains--each in terms of both development and acquisition. A summary of the recent research on the GPI is provided along with a discussion of potential uses.

Incontinence: The Potential Budget Buster

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gardner, Sharon

2009-01-01

Someone who lives with incontinence, whether bowel, bladder, or both, knows the social stigma and personal toll on his life. Incontinence is the ever-present shadowy silhouette lurking over almost every decision, sometimes requiring complex preplanning. In this article, the author describes the challenges of incontinence and discusses how she…

Gender Imbalance in Higher Education: Insights for College Administrators and Researchers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Conger, Dylan; Dickson, Lisa

2017-01-01

University administrators often strive for racial, socioeconomic, and geographic diversity in their student populations. Today, administrators face a new demographic challenge as women increasingly outnumber men in applications, enrollments, and graduation rates. This article discusses the causes and potential consequences of the growing gender…

Drug Testing of Public Employees: An Introduction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jascourt, Hugh D.

1988-01-01

The Federal Government has pushed employers to establish programs to test applicants and employees for drug use. The accompanying articles discuss legal barriers to drug testing and test administration and practical problems that limit the feasibility of drug testing and carry with them potential legal problems. (MLF)

Practical Paediatric Psychopharmacological Prescribing in Autism: The Potential and the Pitfalls.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gringras, Paul

2000-01-01

This article discusses the evidence behind two approaches to psychopharmacological management in children with autism: selecting and treating target symptoms or treatment or curing the primary social impairment underlying autism. The effectiveness of stimulants, antidepressants, melatonin, naltrexone, fenfluramine, and secretin is appraised. The…

Seizures in Infants and Young Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McBrien, Dianne M.; Bonthius, Daniel J.

2000-01-01

This article reviews the most frequent causes of seizure disorders in young children and the classification of different seizure types. It discusses current therapies, including alternatives to medication. Emergency response to seizures is covered a well as non-epileptic episodes that may resemble seizures. Epilepsy's potential impact on the…

Performance Systems Analysis: Learning by Doing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knowles, Marc P.; Suh, Sookyung

2005-01-01

The authors discuss potential shortfalls of assistantships and internships in preparing students for practical career application of professional degrees and describe the benefits to overall development of courses eliciting performance in authentic scenarios. This article explores what is necessary, not only to teach, but also to learn, human…

MR-guided radiation therapy: transformative technology and its role in the central nervous system

PubMed Central

Tseng, Chia-Lin; Balter, James M.; Teng, Feifei; Parmar, Hemant A.; Sahgal, Arjun

2017-01-01

Abstract This review article describes advancement of magnetic resonance imaging technologies in radiation therapy planning, guidance, and adaptation of brain tumors. The potential for MR-guided radiation therapy to improve outcomes and the challenges in its adoption are discussed. PMID:28380637

Cold Water, Warm Ice?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yang, Li-Hsuan

2012-01-01

This article describes engaging students in two simple observations to address the concepts of changes of states, heat, temperature, and molecular potential and kinetic energy. It also discusses how these concepts can enable students to further explore and understand interesting and significant phenomena and research in multiple areas of science.…

Right Filter for the Wrong Addresses: Regulating Net Access.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simpson, Carol

1996-01-01

Guides librarians in evaluating "filtering" software which schools may purchase for restricting access to potentially inappropriate Internet sites. This article discusses the workings of filtering programs and practical and ethical questions such as: how sites are restricted, who decides, and whether transactions are monitored.…

Emerging issues and future directions of the field of health communication.

PubMed

Hannawa, Annegret F; Kreps, Gary L; Paek, Hye-Jin; Schulz, Peter J; Smith, Sandi; Street, Richard L

2014-01-01

The interdisciplinary intersections between communication science and health-related fields are pervasive, with numerous differences in regard to epistemology, career planning, funding perspectives, educational goals, and cultural orientations. This article identifies and elaborates on these challenges with illustrative examples. Furthermore, concrete suggestions for future scholarship are recommended to facilitate compatible, coherent, and interdisciplinary health communication inquiry. The authors hope that this article helps current and future generations of health communication scholars to make more informed decisions when facing some of the challenges discussed in this article so that they will be able to seize the interdisciplinary and international potential of this unique and important field of study.

How nurses can cope with stress and avoid burnout.

PubMed

Wilkinson, Stephanie

2014-11-01

This article draws on a systematic literature review to identify stressors in emergency and trauma nursing settings, and their potential effects on staff. After a search of relevant databases, six articles were chosen and analysed, and the main causes of stress in the workplace for emergency and trauma nurses were identified. These stressors include work demands and lack of time, lack of managerial support, patient aggression and violence, and staff exposure to traumatic events. Their effects on nurses include burnout, compassion fatigue, somatic complaints, mental health problems and difficulties in life outside work. The article goes on to discuss the implications of the findings on practice.

An exertional heat illness triage tool for a jungle training environment.

PubMed

Smith, Mike; Withnall, R; Boulter, M

2017-09-06

This article introduces a practical triage tool designed to assist commanders, jungle training instructors (JTIs) and medical personnel to identify Defence Personnel (DP) with suspected exertional heat illness (EHI). The challenges of managing suspected EHI in a jungle training environment and the potential advantages to stratifying the urgency of evacuation are discussed. This tool has been designed to be an adjunct to the existing MOD mandated heat illness recognition and first aid training. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Recent advances in the structural library of functionalized quinazoline and quinazolinone scaffolds: synthetic approaches and multifarious applications.

PubMed

Khan, Imtiaz; Ibrar, Aliya; Abbas, Naeem; Saeed, Aamer

2014-04-09

Drug development has been a principal driving force in the rapid maturation of the field of medicinal chemistry during the past several decades. During this period, the intriguing and challenging molecular architectures of nitrogen-containing heterocycles with potential bioactive properties have received significant attention from researchers engaged in the areas of natural product synthesis and heterocyclic methodology, and constituted a continuous stimulus for development in bio(organic) chemistry. In this perspective, the current review article is an effort to summarize recent developments in the environmentally benign synthetic methods providing access to quinazoline and quinazolinone scaffolds with promising biological potential. This article also aims to discuss potential future directions on the development of more potent and specific analogues for various biological targets. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Trading places - an innovative SO{sub 2} trading program to mitigate potential adverse impacts on class I areas: part II. Mitigation plan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Louis Militana; Cindy Huber; Christopher Colbert

2005-08-01

This is the second of two articles describing a plan that was developed to mitigate the effects of acid deposition and visibility impairment in four Class I areas from the proposed Longview Power Project. Part I (published in July 2005) discussed the air quality impacts of the proposed coal-fired power plant. Part II discusses the mitigation plan. 2 refs., 1 fig., 3 tabs.

Rethinking Adolescent Peer Sexual Harassment: Contributions of Feminist Theory

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Conroy, Nicole E.

2013-01-01

This article provides an integrative review of the literature on adolescent sexual harassment and highlights potential contributions of feminist theory for research. Although developmental theories for studying sexual harassment are useful in their own right, the discussion focuses on how they fail to address the ways in which sexual harassment…

Values, Practice, Science, and AAC

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mirenda, Pat

2017-01-01

The evolution of evidence-based practice in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) has occurred via two different but related routes: the conventional research-to-practice route and the more common practice-to-research route. This article defines both routes with examples of each and discusses potential problems that may arise when…

Rendering Private Writing Public in the DALN

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alexander, Kara Poe

2017-01-01

In this article Kara Alexander discusses why, as a literacy studies instructor, she believes requiring her students to upload their literacy narratives to the Digital Archive of Literacy Narratives (DALN) is beneficial. She provides three reasons for this requirement: (1) making their work public has the potential to enhance student agency,…

Transition state theory for enzyme kinetics

PubMed Central

Truhlar, Donald G.

2015-01-01

This article is an essay that discusses the concepts underlying the application of modern transition state theory to reactions in enzymes. Issues covered include the potential of mean force, the quantization of vibrations, the free energy of activation, and transmission coefficients to account for nonequilibrium effect, recrossing, and tunneling. PMID:26008760

Primary care management of food allergy and food intolerance.

PubMed

Garzon, Dawn Lee; Kempker, Tara; Piel, Pamela

2011-12-16

The incidence of food allergies is steadily increasing. Due to potentially life-threatening complications, it is important that primary care providers recognize and appropriately manage these disorders. This article includes a discussion of the current evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis, screening, and management of food allergies.

White Students at the Historically Black University: Toward Developing a Critical Consciousness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henry, Wilma J.; Closson, Rosemary B.

2010-01-01

The purpose of this article is to examine the potential of historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) to facilitate the development of a critical consciousness among their White students. It discusses philosophical views regarding the process of unveiling "Whiteness," including White critical studies and White identity development…

Business considerations in the development of probiotics.

PubMed

Hoffman, Freddie Ann

2008-02-01

Many opportunities exist for probiotics in the marketplace. Over the course of a 2-day workshop on probiotics, current and potential uses for probiotics were examined. This article discusses many of the elements that should be considered in the decision to market probiotics as foods, dietary supplements, or drugs.

"We Can Deliver More and Save Money"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hayes, John

2010-01-01

This article discusses the UK government's consultations on skills policy and further education funding. Adult learning has, throughout the years, been subject to endless strategies and proposed plans--but none of these has fully realised its potential. There are two contrasting attitudes to the outlook for further education and, indeed, the…

Should We Talk about the Pain? Personalizing Sociology in the Medical Sociology Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nowakowski, Alexandra C. H.; Sumerau, J. E.

2015-01-01

This article discusses the potential of personalizing sociology curriculum, specifically in Medical Sociology courses, to increase student engagement and sociological awareness. Based on our experiences offering separate Medical Sociology courses at a large public research university and a small private teaching university, respectively, we…

"Transformative Looks": Practicing Citizenship through Photography

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pereira, Sónia; Maiztegui-Oñate, Concha; Mata-Codesal, Diana

2016-01-01

Purpose: The article discusses the meanings of citizenship and citizenship education when formal citizenship is restricted by exploring the potential of photography education and practice as a tool that promotes the exercise of citizenship in the context of non-formal critical adult education. By doing it, this text aims to enhance our…

Semantic and Thematic List Learning of Second Language Vocabulary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gholami, Javad; Khezrlou, Sima

2014-01-01

This article overviews research on second language vocabulary instruction with a specific focus on semantic and thematic vocabulary-clustering types. The theoretical benefits associated with both the semantic and thematic approaches, as well as the potential problems associated with them, are discussed. The conclusion drawn is that reinforcing the…

E-Science Librarianship: Field Undefined

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alvaro, Elsa; Brooks, Heather; Ham, Monica; Poegel, Stephanie; Rosencrans, Sarah

2011-01-01

The potential of librarians working in e-science, a term for using the Internet and other digital tools to facilitate scientific data collection, management, and sharing, has been the cause of much discussion. Many professionals agree that librarians could participate in or facilitate e-science tasks. This article explores what e-science…

Thinking beyond "the Way We've Always Done It"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ohler, Lila

2013-01-01

In this article, the author discusses the future potential of electronic resources management (ERM) organization, within the development of the next-generation integrated library systems (ILS), as a very promising strategy. This also presents enormous challenges to ERM librarians though, especially on how to determine standards and workflows. The…

Education Policies: Potential Impacts and Implications in Australia and Beyond

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Tiffany

2016-01-01

Australian education is delivered through government and independent systems. This article discusses how education policies on gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, intersex, and queer students in these different sectors have affected school climates. It describes how previously published policy analysis and survey data on Australian gay, lesbian,…

Hispanic-Serving Institutions: Patterns, Predictions, and Implications for Informing Policy Discussions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Torres, Vasti; Zerquera, Desiree

2012-01-01

This article seeks to identify and assess the readiness of "Potential" Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs)--institutions located within Latino communities projected to increase the number of Latino/a high school graduates. Institutions are described based on evaluation of institutional missions, planning documents, programs, and marketing…

Battling for Hearts and Minds

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bousquet, Marc

2008-01-01

In this article, the author discusses how the new trends in corporate management are changing the ways in which the administration deals with faculty culture. Informed by trends in corporate management, administration is turning away from the human-resources model of developing individual potential and is taking as its goal instead the…

Gone but Not Forgotten: Children's Experiences with Attachment, Separation, and Loss

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Branch, Mary Louise; Brinson, Sabrina A.

2007-01-01

Attachment, separation, and loss are critical life events for many young children. This article discusses prevalent factors of separation and loss and their potential harmful effects on development. Also, books and resources geared for children are suggested to help early childhood professionals facilitate resolution with affected children and…

Archibabel: Tracing the Writing Architecture Project in Architectural Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lappin, Sarah A.; Erk, Gül Kaçmaz; Martire, Agustina

2015-01-01

Though much recent scholarship has investigated the potential of writing in creative practice (including visual arts, drama, even choreography), there are few models in the literature which discuss writing in the context of architectural education. This article aims to address this dearth of pedagogical research, analysing the cross-disciplinary…

Managing Archival Collections in an Automated Environment: The Joys of Barcoding

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hamburger, Susan; Charles, Jane Veronica

2006-01-01

In a desire for automated collection control, archival repositories are adopting barcoding from their library and records center colleagues. This article discusses the planning, design, and implementation phases of barcoding. The authors focus on reasons for barcoding, security benefits, in-room circulation tracking, potential for gathering…

Fire Hazards of Windowless Buildings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Juillerat, Ernest E.

1964-01-01

In response to the fast growing prominence of windowless buildings due to potential or possible aesthetic, psychological, and economic advantages, this article was written to discuss--(1) effects of windowless construction on the life safety of building occupants, (2) the possible extents of fire damage to the building and its contents, and (3)…

Conceptualizing the Linkages between Diversity Experiences and Moral Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Engberg, Mark E.; Porter, Kamaria B.

2013-01-01

The purpose of this article is to advance an understanding of how diversity experiences can potentially foster moral development among college students. An overview of the research linking diversity experiences to moral development is discussed, followed by a presentation of a conceptual framework that demonstrates the nuances and challenges in…

Impediments to the Estimation of Teacher Value Added

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ishii, Jun; Rivkin, Steven G.

2009-01-01

This article considers potential impediments to the estimation of teacher quality caused primarily by the purposeful behavior of families, administrators, and teachers. The discussion highlights the benefits of accounting for student and school differences through a value-added modeling approach that incorporates a student's history of family,…

Visual Literacy and the Content Classroom: A Question of Now, Not when

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flynt, E. Sutton; Brozo, William

2010-01-01

Since students are continually influenced by the visual culture surrounding them, content teachers should take steps to capitalize on the potential of instructional and communication technologies (ICT) to enhance their effectiveness. The article discusses the importance of integrating visual literacy and identifies the teaching environment needed…

The Untapped Potential of Picture Books

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hager, Stephanie

2015-01-01

This article discusses the role picture books play in helping young writers. Third-grade students were read engaging picture books for the sole purpose of noticing and naming different features they encountered during the read-alouds. Students were able to recognize the tools many authors and illustrators use such as onomatopoeia, varied font…

Unraveling Evidence-Based Practices in Special Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cook, Bryan G.; Cook, Sara Cothren

2013-01-01

Evidence-based practices (EBPs) are instructional techniques that meet prescribed criteria related to the research design, quality, quantity, and effect size of supporting research, which have the potential to help bridge the research-to-practice gap and improve student outcomes. In this article, the authors (a) discuss the importance of clear…

A Note on Comparing Examinee Classification Methods for Cognitive Diagnosis Models

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huebner, Alan; Wang, Chun

2011-01-01

Cognitive diagnosis models have received much attention in the recent psychometric literature because of their potential to provide examinees with information regarding multiple fine-grained discretely defined skills, or attributes. This article discusses the issue of methods of examinee classification for cognitive diagnosis models, which are…

Clozapine in Three Individuals with Mild Mental Retardation and Treatment-Refractory Psychiatric Disorders.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pary, Robert J.

1994-01-01

Although clozapine is a drug specifically approved for people with schizophrenia, it has not been systematically evaluated with dually diagnosed individuals having mental retardation. This article reviews the drug's use in the general population, discusses potential difficulties in prescribing it for individuals with mental retardation, and…

The Orientation Theory of Dyslexia: Uniting Current Schisms through an Ecological Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poole, Jennifer

2010-01-01

In earlier work the concept of "Orientation" (O) was proposed as the key factor in successful literacy acquisition. This article develops that idea further to discuss the potential of "Orientation Theory" (OT) to unite current conflicts between apparently opposing theories of dyslexia. After briefly outlining these theoretical…

Communicative Interaction Processes Involving Non-Vocal Physically Handicapped Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Deberah

1982-01-01

Communication prostheses are critical components of the nonvocal child's communication process, but are only one component. This article focuses on the steps involved in communicative interaction processes and the potential barriers to the development of effective interaction and analysis of nonvocal communicative interactions. A discussion of the…

Brain-Compatible Learning: Fad or Foundation?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolfe, Patricia

2006-01-01

This article discusses the potentially important implications of neuroscience or brain research, the newest "breakthrough" in education, for educators and the importance of sorting out claims on brain-based programs. It is obvious that brain research is not the elusive silver bullet that will answer all education problems. However, the new…

How Implementation of Bibliometric Practice Affects the Role of Academic Libraries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Åström, Fredrik; Hansson, Joacim

2013-01-01

This article discusses potential consequences of implementing bibliometrics as an institutionalized practice in academic libraries. Results are reported from a survey among libraries in Sweden with organized bibliometric activities. Incorporating bibliometric activities is one way of redefining and widening the role of the library. Implementation…

Digital Media and Emergent Literacy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hisrich, Katy; Blanchard, Jay

2009-01-01

This article discusses digital media and its potential effects on emergent literacy skills development for young children. While the impact of digital media exposure on children's emergent literacy development is largely unknown, it is becoming a significant issue, as more and more young children throughout the world observe and use various forms…

The Center Will Sell Itself...and Other Child Care Marketing Myths.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wassom, Julie

1994-01-01

Notes that, with the changing job market, uncertain economy, increased competition, and higher parent expectations, child care center directors face new marketing challenges. This article discusses seven child care marketing myths and offers marketing strategies to child care directors facing potential drops or fluctuations in center enrollment.…

Transmedia Dynamics in Education: The Case of Robot Heart Stories

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gambarato, Renira Rampazzo; Dabagian, Lilit

2016-01-01

This article discusses the potentiality and risks of applying transmedia storytelling strategies in the realm of education. The empirical approach is used to analyze the experiential education project Robot Heart Stories, developed in 2011 in Canada and the United States. The theoretical framework focuses on the conceptualization of transmedia…

for Godot"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scott, Alan

2013-01-01

This article is both a personal response to Samuel Beckett's "Waiting for Godot" and an examination of the concept within literature of making the strange familiar and making the familiar strange. It discusses the educative force and potential of Beckett's strangers in a strange world by examining my own personal experiences…

Doubts about Religious Education in Public Schooling

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moulin, Daniel

2015-01-01

This article considers potential problems concerning Religious Education in public (state-funded) secondary schools in England in order to inform ongoing debates about religion in public education in the United States and elsewhere. Findings of empirical studies conducted in England are discussed in relation to arguments that critique Religious…

Using Technology in Reggio Emilia-Inspired Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitchell, Linda M.

2007-01-01

All young children need to interact with their environments to achieve maximum development and learning. Technology has great potential for supporting the learning needs of all young children in early childhood programs supported by the Reggio Emilia philosophy. This article discusses possible uses of technologies that are appropriate for young…

Is ginger beneficial for nausea and vomiting? An update of the literature.

PubMed

Marx, Wolfgang; Kiss, Nicole; Isenring, Liz

2015-06-01

Nausea and vomiting can pose a significant burden to patients in a variety of clinical settings. Previous evidence suggests that ginger may be an effective treatment for these symptoms; however, current evidence has been mixed. This article discusses recent clinical trials that have investigated ginger as a treatment for multiple types of nausea and vomiting. In addition, the potential mechanisms of action of ginger will be discussed. This article identified nine studies and seven reviews that investigated ginger for morning sickness, postoperative nausea and vomiting, chemotherapy-induced, and antiretroviral-induced nausea and vomiting. All studies reported that ginger provided a significant reduction in nausea and vomiting; however, the clinical relevance of some studies is less certain. Common limitations within the literature include the lack of standardized extracts, poorly controlled or blinded studies, and limited sample size. In addition, recent evidence has provided further support for 5-HT3 receptor antagonism as a mechanism by which ginger may exert its potentially beneficial effect on nausea and vomiting. The results of studies in this article suggest that ginger is a promising treatment for nausea and vomiting in a variety of clinical settings and possesses a clinically relevant mechanism. However, further studies are required to address the limitations in the current clinical literature before firm recommendations for its use can be made.

The balance between innovation and competition: the Hatch-Waxman Act, the 2003 Amendments, and beyond.

PubMed

Kelly, Colleen

2011-01-01

In 1984, Congress passed the Hatch-Waxman Act, a landmark statute designed both to encourage innovation by pioneer drug companies and to increase competition by generic drug companies. After its enactment, drug companies attempted to "ga the regulatory regime to their respective economic advantage. In 2003, in an effort to address these issues, FDA promulgated a final rule and Congress passed the Medicare Modernization Act, amending the Hatch-Waxman Act. This article provides a comprehensive look at the 2003 statutory and regulatory changes. First, the article analyzes the history and provisions of the original Hatch-Waxman Act and the issues that arose after its enactment. Second, the article discusses the passage of the 2003 FDA rule and the 2003 Medicare Modernization Act. Next, the article demonstrates that, although the 2003 amendments may have definitively resolved some issues, the amendments did not resolve all interpretive issues and have even led to unintended consequences. In particular, the article discusses several areas of current controversy, including the effect of patent delisting and patent expiration on 180-day exclusivity, the patent delisting counterclaim provision, the declaratory judgment action provision, patent settlement agreements, and authorized generics. Finally, the article assesses the potential for future reform of the Hatch-Waxman Act. The article concludes that maintaining the balance between innovation and competition will likely remain a daunting task for legislators and regulators in the future.

Therapeutic applications of carbon nanotubes: opportunities and challenges.

PubMed

Rogers-Nieman, Gabrielle M; Dinu, Cerasela Zoica

2014-01-01

Based on their physicochemical properties that allow efficient functionalization with biomolecules and cellular membrane translocation, as well as on their applications in Raman and near-infrared fluorescence imaging, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been proposed as viable candidates for developing therapeutic platforms that ensure targeting of tumor cells without affecting healthy cells. This article reviews the research on toxicological effects of CNTs on host cells, as well as their pharmacological profiles on cancer cells. The potential impact of this approach is discussed along with some potential pitfalls that will need to be overcome when therapeutic implementation CNTs are considered. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. The authors declare no competing financial interest. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

[Influence of early childhood stress exposure and traumatic life events on pain perception].

PubMed

Tesarz, J; Gerhardt, A; Eich, W

2018-06-05

Adult pain perception is influenced substantially by interactions between mind, body, and social environment during early life. Early stress exposure and traumatic life events induce powerful psychophysical stress reactions that exert multiple neurofunctional processes. This has significant implications for pain perception and pain processing. As part of this review, the complex relationships between traumatic stress experiences and associated psychobiological mechanisms of chronic pain will be discussed. Based on selected studies, psychophysiological findings are presented and possible underlying mechanisms are discussed. The article concludes with a discussion of potential implications for treatment.

[Group Discussions in Health Services Research - Part 1: Introduction and Deliberations on Selection of Method and Planning].

PubMed

Pohontsch, Nadine Janis; Müller, Veronika; Brandner, Susanne; Karlheim, Christoph; Jünger, Saskia; Klindtworth, Katharina; Stamer, Maren; Höfling-Engels, Nicole; Kleineke, Vera; Brandt, Benigna; Xyländer, Margret; Patzelt, Christiane; Meyer, Thorsten

2017-05-12

Health services researchers focus on the players, structures and impact of health care in "real life". They investigate how social aspects, financing, organizational structures, technologies and personal attitudes affect the process and outcomes of health care. Qualitative research methods are used here, which address how people act according to their unique living conditions (outside the context of experimental studies). Different methods of debriefing groups are essential for qualitative health services research. In 2 subsequent articles, we aim to outline the diverse facets and possible range of implementation of the above-mentioned methods, in order to highlight the potential of debriefing groups in health services research (focus groups or group discussions) using these methods. In the current article, we would like to encourage researchers to reflect on relevant topics such as the selection of an appropriate method, the planning and undertaking of investigations including sampling methods, and questions regarding ethics and privacy. A follow-up article (in preparation) will deal with theoretical considerations of the term "group", as well as with the process of moderating discussions, methods of analyzing data and (qualitative) online research. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

CRISPR/Cas9: at the cutting edge of hepatology

PubMed Central

Pankowicz, Francis P; Jarrett, Kelsey E; Lagor, William R; Bissig, Karl-Dimiter

2018-01-01

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 genome engineering has revolutionised biomedical science and we are standing on the cusp of medical transformation. The therapeutic potential of this technology is tremendous, however, its translation to the clinic will be challenging. In this article, we review recent progress using this genome editing technology and explore its potential uses in studying and treating diseases of the liver. We discuss the development of new research tools and animal models as well as potential clinical applications, strategies and challenges. PMID:28487442

Product qualification: a barrier to point-of-care microfluidic-based diagnostics?

PubMed

Tantra, Ratna; van Heeren, Henne

2013-06-21

One of the most exciting applications of microfluidics-based diagnostics is its potential use in next generation point-of-care (POC) devices. Many prototypes are already in existence, but, as of yet, few have achieved commercialisation. In this article, we consider the issue surrounding product qualification as a potential barrier to market success. The study discusses, in the context of POC microfluidics-based diagnostics, what the generic issues are and potential solutions. Our findings underline the need for a community-based effort that is necessary to speed up the product qualification process.

Front page or "buried" beneath the fold? Media coverage of carbon capture and storage.

PubMed

Boyd, Amanda D; Paveglio, Travis B

2014-05-01

Media can affect public views and opinions on science, policy and risk issues. This is especially true of a controversial emerging technology that is relatively unknown. The study presented here employs a media content analysis of carbon capture and storage (CCS), one potential strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The authors analyzed all mentions of CCS in two leading Canadian national newspapers and two major western regional newspapers from the first article that discussed CCS in 2004 to the end of 2009 (825 articles). An in-depth content analysis was conducted to examine factors relating to risk from CCS, how the technology was portrayed and if coverage was negatively or positively biased. We conclude by discussing the possible impact of media coverage on support or opposition to CCS adoption.

Treatment of small lower pole calculi--SWL vs. URS vs. PNL?

PubMed

Knoll, Thomas; Tasca, Andrea; Buchholz, Noor P

2011-03-01

According to current guideline recommendations extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) remains the first choice treatment for small and mid-sized renal calculi. However, the results of SWL treatment for lower pole stones can be disappointing whilst more invasive endoscopic modalities, such as flexible ureterorenoscopy (fURS) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) are often considered more effective. This article summarizes a point-counterpoint discussion at the 9th eULIS symposium in Como, Italy, and discusses the potential advantages and disadvantages of the different therapeutic approaches.

Thermal management and mechanical structures for silicon detector systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Viehhauser, G.

2015-09-01

Due to the size of current silicon tracking systems system aspects have become a major design driver. This article discusses requirements for the engineering of the mechanical structures and thermal management of such systems and reviews solutions developed to satisfy them. Modern materials and fabrication techniques have been instrumental in constructing these devices and will be discussed here. Finally, this paper will describe current and potential future developments in the engineering of silicon tracking systems which will shape the silicon tracking systems of the future.

Vaccine allergy.

PubMed

Caubet, Jean-Christoph; Ponvert, Claude

2014-08-01

Overdiagnosis of vaccine allergy is considered a major public health problem. This article discusses the different types of allergic reactions after immunization based on the timing (immediate vs nonimmediate) and the extent of the reaction (local vs systemic). The vaccine components potentially responsible for an allergic reaction are discussed, as well as the management of patients with a history of reaction to a specific vaccine and those with a history of allergy to one of the vaccine components. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Diffusion Weighted/Tensor Imaging, Functional MRI and Perfusion Weighted Imaging in Glioblastoma-Foundations and Future.

PubMed

Salama, Gayle R; Heier, Linda A; Patel, Praneil; Ramakrishna, Rohan; Magge, Rajiv; Tsiouris, Apostolos John

2017-01-01

In this article, we review the basics of diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI, their current utility in preoperative neurosurgical mapping, and their limitations. We also discuss potential future applications, including implementation of resting state functional MRI. We then discuss perfusion and diffusion-weighted imaging and their application in advanced neuro-oncologic practice. We explain how these modalities can be helpful in guiding surgical biopsies and differentiating recurrent tumor from treatment related changes.

Diffusion Weighted/Tensor Imaging, Functional MRI and Perfusion Weighted Imaging in Glioblastoma—Foundations and Future

PubMed Central

Salama, Gayle R.; Heier, Linda A.; Patel, Praneil; Ramakrishna, Rohan; Magge, Rajiv; Tsiouris, Apostolos John

2018-01-01

In this article, we review the basics of diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI, their current utility in preoperative neurosurgical mapping, and their limitations. We also discuss potential future applications, including implementation of resting state functional MRI. We then discuss perfusion and diffusion-weighted imaging and their application in advanced neuro-oncologic practice. We explain how these modalities can be helpful in guiding surgical biopsies and differentiating recurrent tumor from treatment related changes. PMID:29403420

Sweetened beverages and health: current state of scientific understandings.

PubMed

Rippe, James M; Saltzman, Edward

2013-09-01

This article summarizes the presentations from the "Sweetened Beverages and Health: Current State of Scientific Understandings" symposium held at the ASN Annual Meeting in Boston, MA on April 23, 2013. The metabolic and health effects of sugar-sweetened beverages were discussed from a variety of points of view by 5 different presenters. Dr. David Allison drew a distinction between conjecture and proof related to sweetened beverages and obesity. Dr. Richard Mattes discussed differences between solid and liquid calories. Dr. Miguel Alonso-Alonso reviewed potential contributions of functional neuroimaging, particularly as they relate to whether sugar is potentially "addictive." Dr. Kimber Stanhope discussed work related to experiments comparing fructose to glucose. Dr. James Rippe presented evidence from randomized controlled trials from his research organization showing no differences among high-fructose corn syrup, sucrose, glucose, or fructose at normal human consumption amounts.

Smartphones in ophthalmology

PubMed Central

Chhablani, Jay; Kaja, Simon; Shah, Vinay A

2012-01-01

The potential usefulness of smartphones in the medical field is evolving everyday. This article describes various tools available on smartphones, largely focusing on the iPhone, for the examination of an ophthalmic patient, for patient and physician education, as well as reference tools for both ophthalmologists and vision researchers. Furthermore, the present article discusses how smartphones can be used for ophthalmic photography and image management, and foremost, the usefulness of the applications such as the Eye Handbook for the ophthalmologist and interested students, patients, physicians, and researchers, currently available in the iPhone. PMID:22446908

An overview of patent law as applied to the field of veterinary medicine.

PubMed

Gould, James M

2008-01-01

This article analyzes some of the challenges that can arise when patent law is applied to the field of veterinary medicine. Topics covered in this article include an overview of the different kinds of inventions that can be patented in the veterinary field; a review of recent legal developments that may affect the patenting of veterinary pharmaceuticals; a discussion of some potential issues related to patents covering assays; and an identification of some special situations where the law affecting veterinary pharmaceuticals is actually different from the law affecting human pharmaceuticals.

Avoiding the Agency Trap: Caveats for Historians of Children, Youth, and Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gleason, Mona

2016-01-01

Using examples from family letters sent to the Department of Education's Elementary Correspondence School (ECS) in the western Canadian province of British Columbia in the early twentieth century, this article discusses three potential problems or traps associated with concepts of agency in the history of children and youth. Following a brief…

Implementing the Regular Education Initiative in Secondary Schools: A Different Ball Game.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schumaker, Jean B.; Deshler, Donald D.

1988-01-01

The article reviews potential barriers to implementing the Regular Education Initiative (REI) in secondary schools and then discusses a set of factors central to developing a workable partnership, one that is compatible with the goals of the REI but that also responds to the unique parameters of secondary schools. (Author/DB)

Revisiting Vygotsky and Gardner: Realizing Human Potential

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beliavsky, Ninah

2006-01-01

In this article, the author discusses her views on philosophies and theories by Lev Semenovich Vygotsky and Howard Gardner. Here, she argues that Vygotsky's ideas should be viewed through the prism of Gardner's theory of Multiple Intelligences, and that the combination of these concepts can shed new light on education--on teaching and learning.…

AUDIO-CASI

PubMed Central

Cooley, Philip C.; Turner, Charles F.; O'Reilly, James M.; Allen, Danny R.; Hamill, David N.; Paddock, Richard E.

2011-01-01

This article reviews a multimedia application in the area of survey measurement research: adding audio capabilities to a computer-assisted interviewing system. Hardware and software issues are discussed, and potential hardware devices that operate from DOS platforms are reviewed. Three types of hardware devices are considered: PCMCIA devices, parallel port attachments, and laptops with built-in sound. PMID:22096271

Tracking Learners' Progress: Adopting a Dual "Corpus cum Experimental Data" Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meunier, Fanny; Littre, Damien

2013-01-01

The article discusses the potential of combining learner corpus research with experimental studies in order to fine-tune the understanding of learner language development. It illustrates the complementarity of the two methodological approaches with data from an ongoing study of the acquisition of the English tense and aspect system by French…

Integrated Media: Toward a Theoretical Framework for Utilizing Their Potential.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Journal of Special Education Technology, 1993

1993-01-01

This article discusses how current theories of learning and memory can guide the application of integrated media (IM) to embellish a standard curriculum; considers theoretical reasons for "breaking the mold"; and offers examples of IM-based alternatives to curricula in the areas of adult literacy, language arts, social studies, language skills,…

Loris Malaguzzi, Reggio Emilia and Democratic Alternatives to Early Childhood Education Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts-Holmes, Guy

2017-01-01

This article responds to the dangers arising from baseline assessment in reception classes. It contrasts predictive testing which claims to ascertain each child's ability and potential with the processes of observation, documentation and discussion developed in Reggio Emilia. It explores the two very different understandings of children which they…

Story Bound, Map Around: Stories, Life, and Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martinez, Ulyssa; Nolte-Yupari, Samantha

2015-01-01

In this article, the authors discuss mixed-media projects done with elementary students in a summer art camp and preservice elementary teachers taking Visual Arts in the Elementary Classroom, illustrating their consideration of how stories carry the curricular potential to bring students' out-of-school experiences into the classroom. In order…

Maximizing the Potential of Our Youth with Intellectual Disabilities: Rethinking Functional Curriculum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rich-Gross, Denise A.

2014-01-01

There exists a need to examine the practice of pushing functional curriculum to the bottom of the list to teach students with intellectual disabilities (ID). This article discusses how students with these disabilities could better transition into society if they are instructed appropriately. The author further investigates the current practices in…

Assets for Children: Experiences in Asia and Implications for China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zou, Li; Sherraden, Michael

2010-01-01

A growing number of national and local governments view child development accounts (CDAs) as an innovative policy tool for social and economic development. This article reviews the global landscape of CDAs, presents three CDA policy cases from Asia, analyzes main themes and discusses potential implications for China. (Contains 1 table.)

An Appraisal of the Importance of Graduates' Language Skills and ERASMUS Experiences

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mattern, Delfina

2016-01-01

This article discusses the importance of graduates' language skills and their European Regional Action Scheme for the Mobility of University Students (ERASMUS) experiences. The purpose of the research is to establish whether the potential benefits of ERASMUS participation for employability, particularly with regard to language skills, mean that…

Twitter for Libraries (and Librarians)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Milstein, Sarah

2009-01-01

For many people, the word "twitter" brings to mind birds rather than humans. But information professionals know that Twitter (www.twitter.com) is a fast-growing, free messaging service for people, and it's one that libraries (and librarians) can make good use of--without spending much time or effort. This article discusses the many potential uses…

The Aral Sea: A Lesson in Environmental Degradation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyle, Eric D.

This article approaches the Aral Sea's demise as an extreme example of how human development has the potential to destroy the environment. The discussion focuses on two lessons provided by the Aral Sea story: (1) the interdependence between humanity and nature, and the consequences of disregarding the environment in pursuit of progress; and (2)…

Interpreting Foucault: An Evaluation of a Foucauldian Critique of Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woermann, Minka

2012-01-01

The potential strengths and weaknesses of a Foucauldian critique of education are discussed and evaluated. The article focuses specifically on the value of Foucault's work for critiquing social and political ideologies prevalent in education, which is understood as a societal institution, and hence, as a modern regime of institutional power. In…

Limbs beyond the Skin: Exploring the Physical Realities of Digital Composition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doerr-Stevens, Candance

2011-01-01

This article discusses how prolonged participation and digital composition online intersect to forge material extensions of the physical body, or limbs beyond the skin. Based on postmodern theories of technology and the body, I argue that these limbs, while less tangible, merit serious consideration given their potential to engender physical…

Marketing therapeutic recreation services.

PubMed

Thorn, B E

1984-01-01

The use of marketing strategies can enhance the delivery of therapeutic recreation services. This article discusses how agencies can adapt marketing techniques and use them to identify potential markets, improve image, evaluate external pressures, and maximize internal strengths. Four variables that can be controlled and manipulated in a proposed marketing plan are product, price, place and promotion.

Connecting Reading and Writing Using Children's Literature in the University L2 Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leal, Priscila

2015-01-01

This article investigates the potential benefits of using children's literature in adult second language (L2) classrooms. A short-term, intensive university course for English reading and writing was designed incorporating children's literature into the curriculum. The author describes the course and discusses how children's literature can be used…

"Let's Go Outside": Icelandic Teachers' Views of Using the Outdoors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Norðdahl, Kristín; Jóhannesson, Ingólfur Ásgeir

2016-01-01

This article discusses the views of 25 Icelandic preschool and compulsory school teachers who were interviewed on the role of the outdoor environment in children's learning. The teachers reported not being afraid to take children outside. These teachers valued the learning potentials of the outdoors more than they feared the possible risks. They…

Illness as Teacher: Learning from Illness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yoo, Joanne

2017-01-01

This article is a conceptual exploration into the value of illness, bodies and embodied practice in teacher education. It draws on my reflections and practitioner accounts of poor health to investigate the potential to learn from illness. I position myself in this discussion as a non-tenured academic who experiences the challenges of her uncertain…

Regulations and Ethical Considerations for Astronomy Education Research II: Resources and Worked Examples

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brogt, Erik; Dokter, Erin; Antonellis, Jessie; Buxner, Sanlyn

2008-01-01

This article discusses the legal and ethical requirements of human subjects research proposals in astronomy education research. We present an overview of the relevant laws, regulations, and guidelines that inform an Institutional Review Board evaluation of proposed research. We also present examples of potential research projects in astronomy…

Matching Educational Opportunities with the Able Elderly.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bass, Scott A.

1986-01-01

This article provides a framework, or typology, from which to examine the range of educational options that is available to the older person and provides an analysis of the potential size of the older learner student market. It includes a discussion of a demonstration program that has been well received by the able older learner. (CT)

Working with Year 6

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hall, Peter

2006-01-01

This paper discusses the three outreach projects in Kent, a girls grammar school with a mixed sixth form. Due to the selective system in Kent they have around 100 potential feeder schools with their Year 7 intake of around 150 arriving from about 70 different primary schools, some of which are independent. In this article, the author describes the…

Space processing applications bibliography

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1978-01-01

This special bibliography lists 724 articles, papers, and reports which discuss various aspects of the use of the space environment for materials science research or for commercial enterprise. The potentialities of space processing and the improved materials processes that are made possible by the unique aspects of the space environment are emphasized. References identified in April, 1978 are cited.

An Emoji Is Worth a Thousand Variables

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCaffrey, Tony; Matthews, Percival G.

2017-01-01

In this article, the authors discuss the potential of the icon-based mathematical games, emoji math and mobile math, to promote student engagement with and understanding of algebra. They describe how these games serve as accessible entry points for algebraic thinking and that, in contrast to traditional symbolic algebra, the use of these…

The Future of Performance-Enhancing Substances in Sport.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bahrke, Michael S.; Yesalis, Charles E.

2002-01-01

Discusses the use of performance-enhancing substances in athletics, focusing on the use-detection race, burgeoning new products and off-label uses, and ways to combat the problem. The article suggests drug education programs, particularly those for adolescent athletes, have the potential to change behavior and be more cost-effective than further…

Through a Double-Crossed Eye: Sociology and the Movies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Demerath, N.J., III

1981-01-01

Claiming that movies are used increasingly as teaching aids in sociology classes on the high school and college levels, this article evaluates their potential and their limitations. Suggestions are offered on how to avoid sociological distortion while viewing films. Also discussed are ways in which film can be seen as a source of cultural…

Teaching Job Interviewing Skills with the Help of Television Shows

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bloch, Janel

2011-01-01

Because of its potential for humor and drama, job interviewing is frequently portrayed on television. This article discusses how scenes from popular television series such as "Everybody Loves Raymond," "Friends," and "The Mary Tyler Moore Show" can be used to teach effective job interview skills in business communication courses. Television…

Potential Psychosocial and Instructional Consequences of the Common Core State Standards: Implications for Research and Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saeki, Elina; Pendergast, Laura; Segool, Natasha K.; von der Embse, Nathaniel P.

2015-01-01

Despite the recent rollout of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS), CCSS-aligned assessments, and test-based teacher evaluation systems, questions remain regarding the impact that these accountability policies will have on teachers and students. This article discusses the psychosocial and instructional consequences of test-based accountability…

Open-Ended Questions and the Process Standards

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanchez, Wendy B.

2013-01-01

Open-ended questions, as discussed in this article, are questions that can be solved or explained in a variety of ways, that focus on conceptual aspects of mathematics, and that have the potential to expose students' understanding and misconceptions. When working with teachers who are using open-ended questions with their students for the…

Trends and Milestones: Leveraging Federal Funding in the States To Address Olmstead [and] Growing Waiting Lists.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hemp, Richard; Parish, Susan; Braddock, David, Ed.; Smith, Gary, Ed.

2001-01-01

This article discusses using existing state resources not currently used for matching purposes to leverage additional federal Medicaid funding for community services and supports for persons with mental retardation. A table is provided that lists state funds potentially available to match additional federal Medicaid funding. (Contains six…

Eye-Tracking as a Tool in Process-Oriented Reading Test Validation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Solheim, Oddny Judith; Uppstad, Per Henning

2011-01-01

The present paper addresses the continuous need for methodological reflection on how to validate inferences made on the basis of test scores. Validation is a process that requires many lines of evidence. In this article we discuss the potential of eye tracking methodology in process-oriented reading test validation. Methodological considerations…

The Ignorant Facilitator: Education, Politics and Theatre in Co-Communities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lev-Aladgem, Shulamith

2015-01-01

This article discusses the book "The Ignorant Schoolmaster: Five Lessons in Intellectual Emancipation" by the French philosopher, Jacques Rancière. Its intention is to study the potential contribution of this text to the discourse of applied theatre (theatre in co-communities) in general, and the role of the facilitator in particular. It…

One Black, One White: Power, White Privilege, & Creating Safe Spaces

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Delano-Oriaran, Omobolade O.; Parks, Marguerite W.

2015-01-01

This article explores the experiences of two professors as they teach about White privilege in predominately White institutions of higher education. The authors discuss how racial potentiality shapes the classroom climates of each of the professors and then present strategies that utilize safe spaces to navigate students away from the resistance…

Dance, Sexuality, and Education Today: Observations for Dance Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Risner, Doug S.

2004-01-01

This paper aims to provide a comprehensive discussion of sexuality and dance education from multiple perspectives including public schools (K-12), private studios, conservatories, and higher education. Among innumerable potential topics emanating from this review of sexuality and dance education in the 21st century, this article focuses on today's…

Constructionist Gaming: Understanding the Benefits of Making Games for Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kafai, Yasmin B.; Burke, Quinn

2015-01-01

There has been considerable interest in examining the educational potential of playing video games. One crucial element, however, has traditionally been left out of these discussions--namely, children's learning through making their own games. In this article, we review and synthesize 55 studies from the last decade on making games and learning.…

Using Video and Film

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coles, Alf

2011-01-01

This article discusses how the author has adopted a multimedia approach to teaching and Continuing Professional Development (CPD). There is widespread acceptance of the potential power for using video recordings of lessons as a vehicle for teacher learning. Yet a re-current problem has been reported in research projects, from as far back as 1990,…

Flipping the Misogynist Script: Gender, Agency, Hip Hop and Music Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tobias, Evan S.

2014-01-01

Excluding Hip Hop culture and rap music from music education misses opportunities for addressing key aspects of popular culture, society, and students' lives. This article addresses intersections of Hip Hop, gender, and music education to forward potential Hip Hop praxis. After tracing related scholarship, I discuss and problematize…

Emerging Marriage: One Story of Learning Sciences and Instructional Systems as a Possible Revisioned Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carr-Chellman, Alison A.

2016-01-01

This article explores the potentials for symbiotic partnering between traditional Instructional Systems and Learning Sciences disciplines. This confluence is explored through a narrative discussion of the changes happening at Penn State University over the past decade leading that program toward a name change, curricular revisions, new hiring…

Evolving Perspectives on Computers and Composition Studies: Questions for the 1990s.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hawisher, Gail E., Ed.; Selfe, Cynthia L., Ed.

Discussing the profound changes and possibilities for writing and writing instruction that are evident at this stage of the computer revolution, this book contains 17 articles which focus on implications for teaching, learning, and teacher education and highlight questions that teachers and researchers must address to realize the potential of the…

Passport to promiscuity or lifesaver: press coverage of HPV vaccination and risky sexual behavior.

PubMed

Forster, Alice; Wardle, Jane; Stephenson, Judith; Waller, Jo

2010-03-01

A significant minority of parents are concerned about adolescents engaging in risky sexual behavior following human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. The way the HPV vaccine is reported in the media has the potential to influence public understanding and vaccination decisions. The present study examined the content of articles published between 2003 and 2008 in British national newspapers that addressed the issue of adolescents engaging in risky sexual behavior following HPV vaccination. We used mixed methods to analyze 92 articles in which the issue was mentioned. Qualitative framework analysis highlighted three main types of discussion: news stories proposing that adolescents will engage in risky sexual behavior following HPV vaccination, counterarguments insisting that adolescents will not engage in risky sexual behavior after HPV vaccination, and parents' views of the issue of risky sexual behavior. The results indicated that newspapers provide parents with broadly positive descriptive norms about vaccination; however, the issue that adolescents will engage in risky sexual behaviors following HPV vaccination is regularly discussed in the national press and has the potential to increase parents' concerns about vaccination.

Health effects of electric and magnetic fields: Overview of research recommendations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Savitz, D.A.

We developed a series of articles concerning epidemiologic research on potential health effects of electric and magnetic fields. Our goal was to identify methodological issues that have arisen through past studies of cancer, reproduction, and neurobehavioral outcomes in order to suggest strategies to extend knowledge. Following an overview of relevant physics and engineering principles, cancer epidemiology of electric and magnetic fields is discussed separately with a focus on epidemiologic methods and cancer biology, respectively. Reproductive health studies, many of which focus on exposure from video display terminals are then summarized, followed by an evaluation of the limited literature on neurobehavioralmore » outcomes, including suicide and depression. Methodological issues in exposure assessment are discussed, focusing on the challenges in residential exposure assessment and interpretation of wire configuration codes. An overview offers recommendations for priorities across these topic areas, emphasizing the importance of resolving the question of wire codes and childhood cancer. Collectively, these articles provide an array of observations and suggestions regarding the epidemiologic literature, recognizing the potential benefits to science and public policy. 10 refs.« less

Cancer-derived extracellular vesicles: friend and foe of tumour immunosurveillance.

PubMed

Dörsam, Bastian; Reiners, Kathrin S; von Strandmann, Elke Pogge

2018-01-05

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important players of intercellular signalling mechanisms, including communication with and among immune cells. EVs can affect the surrounding tissue as well as peripheral cells. Recently, EVs have been identified to be involved in the aetiology of several diseases, including cancer. Tumour cell-released EVs or exosomes have been shown to promote a tumour-supporting environment in non-malignant tissue and, thus, benefit metastasis. The underlying mechanisms are numerous: loss of antigen expression, direct suppression of immune effector cells, exchange of nucleic acids, alteration of the recipient cells' transcription and direct suppression of immune cells. Consequently, tumour cells can subvert the host's immune detection as well as suppress the immune system. On the contrary, recent studies reported the existence of EVs able to activate immune cells, thus promoting the tumour-directed immune response. In this article, the immunosuppressive capabilities of EVs, on the one hand, and their potential use in immunoactivation and therapeutic potential, on the other hand, are discussed.This article is part of the discussion meeting issue 'Extracellular vesicles and the tumour microenvironment'. © 2017 The Authors.

A Review of the Literature on Native Hawaiian Youth and Drug Use: Implications for Research and Practice

PubMed Central

Edwards, Christopher; Giroux, Danielle; Okamoto, Scott K.

2010-01-01

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent literature on Native Hawaiian youth and substance use. Eight-hundred and twelve potential articles pertaining to Native Hawaiian youth and substance use published between 1995 to May 2009 were identified through an exhaustive literature search. The total number of articles was reduced to 32 articles, which were systematically coded and content analyzed. The findings indicated that the majority of studies focused on epidemiology, with relatively few of them focused on causal factors/etiology and systematic program development or evaluation. Gender differences in drug use were highlighted in several studies. Implications for culturally-tailored interventions and future research are discussed. PMID:20737343

Prospective payment based on case mix: will it work in nursing homes?

PubMed

Rosko, M D; Broyles, R W; Aaronson, W E

1987-01-01

This article evaluates the potential efficacy of implementing a prospective payment system based on case mix in the nursing home industry. The analysis of structural differences between the nursing home and hospital industries suggests that the mechanism of compensating long-term care facilities should be based on functional health status rather than on diagnosis and that incentives to improve quality and access should be strengthened. The article assesses several systems of classifying patients that have been proposed as the basis for implementing a prospective payment system in the nursing home industry. The article concludes with a discussion of policy issues related to the appropriate unit of payment and the scope of regulatory authority.

Overcoming barriers to addressing education problems with research design: a panel discussion.

PubMed

Yarris, Lalena M; Gruppen, Larry D; Hamstra, Stanley J; Anders Ericsson, K; Cook, David A

2012-12-01

A plenary panel session at the 2012 Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference "Education Research in Emergency Medicine: Opportunities, Challenges, and Strategies for Success" discussed barriers educators face in imagining, designing, and implementing studies to address educational challenges. This proceedings article presents a general approach to getting started in education research. Four examples of studies from the medical education literature that illustrate a distinct way to approach specific research questions are discussed. The study designs used are applicable to a variety of education research problems in emergency medicine (EM). Potential applications of studies are discussed, as well as effects and lessons learned. © 2012 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.

The association between phthalate exposure and atopic dermatitis with a discussion of phthalate induced secretion of interleukin-1β and thymic stromal lymphopoietin.

PubMed

Overgaard, Line E K; Bonefeld, Charlotte M; Frederiksen, Hanne; Main, Katharina M; Thyssen, Jacob P

2016-06-01

Phthalate diesters are widely used as emollients in plastic and cosmetics as well as in food packaging and perfumes, potentially leading to prolonged and repeated dermal, oral and airborne exposure. We here review published articles that have evaluated the putative role of phthalate diesters in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and discuss possible pathogenic pathways. A literature search resulted in 563 articles in Embase and 263 articles in Pubmed. After identification of relevant articles based on screening of titles, abstracts and reference lists, a total of 39 articles were selected and included. While no clear association has been shown between systemic phthalate levels and atopic dermatitis in human studies, animal data suggests that phthalates may worsen dermatitis and in vitro data suggests that interleukin-4 could be upregulated. Moreover, both loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin gene and atopic dermatitis have been associated with elevated systemic phthalate levels. There is a need for prospective studies to clarify the possible pathogenic role of phthalate diesters in atopic dermatitis and the associated health risk, especially with the general trend towards barrier restoration with emollients in infants at risk of developing atopic dermatitis. In summary, we conclude that the results from published studies are controversial and inconclusive.

Current practices in corrosion, surface characterization, and nickel leach testing of cardiovascular metallic implants.

PubMed

Nagaraja, Srinidhi; Di Prima, Matthew; Saylor, David; Takai, Erica

2017-08-01

In an effort to better understand current test practices and improve nonclinical testing of cardiovascular metallic implants, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) held a public workshop on Cardiovascular Metallic Implants: corrosion, surface characterization, and nickel leaching. The following topics were discussed: (1) methods used for corrosion assessments, surface characterization techniques, and nickel leach testing of metallic cardiovascular implant devices, (2) the limitations of each of these in vitro tests in predicting in vivo performance, (3) the need, utility, and circumstances when each test should be considered, and (4) the potential testing paradigms, including acceptance criteria for each test. In addition to the above topics, best practices for these various tests were discussed, and knowledge gaps were identified. Prior to the workshop, discussants had the option to provide feedback and information on issues relating to each of the topics via a voluntary preworkshop assignment. During the workshop, the pooled responses were presented and a panel of experts discussed the results. This article summarizes the proceedings of this workshop and background information provided by workshop participants. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 1330-1341, 2017. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

Our Fat Future: Translating Adipose Stem Cell Therapy.

PubMed

Nordberg, Rachel C; Loboa, Elizabeth G

2015-09-01

Human adipose stem cells (hASCs) have the potential to treat patients with a variety of clinical conditions. Recent advancements in translational research, regulatory policy, and industry have positioned hASCs on the threshold of clinical translation. We discuss the progress and challenges of bringing adipose stem cell therapy into mainstream clinical use. This article details the advances made in recent years that have helped move human adipose stem cell therapy toward mainstream clinical use from a translational research, regulatory policy, and industrial standpoint. Four recurrent themes in translational technology as they pertain to human adipose stem cells are discussed: automated closed-system operations, biosensors and real-time monitoring, biomimetics, and rapid manufacturing. In light of recent FDA guidance documents, regulatory concerns about adipose stem cell therapy are discussed. Finally, an update is provided on the current state of clinical trials and the emerging industry that uses human adipose stem cells. This article is expected to stimulate future studies in translational adipose stem cell research. ©AlphaMed Press.

Darwin, Veblen and the problem of causality in economics.

PubMed

Hodgson, G M

2001-01-01

This article discusses some of the ways in which Darwinism has influenced a small minority of economists. It is argued that Darwinism involves a philosophical as well as a theoretical doctrine. Despite claims to the contrary, the uses of analogies to Darwinian natural selection theory are highly limited in economics. Exceptions include Thorstein Veblen, Richard Nelson, and Sidney Winter. At the philosophical level, one of the key features of Darwinism is its notion of detailed understanding in terms of chains of cause and effect. This issue is discussed in the context of the problem of causality in social theory. At least in Darwinian terms, the prevailing causal dualism--of intentional and mechanical causality--in the social sciences is found wanting. Once again, Veblen was the first economist to understand the implications for economics of Darwinism at this philosophical level. For Veblen, it was related to his notion of 'cumulative causation'. The article concludes with a discussion of the problems and potential of this Veblenian position.

Behavioral neuroscience of psychological pain.

PubMed

Papini, Mauricio R; Fuchs, Perry N; Torres, Carmen

2015-01-01

Pain is a common word used to refer to a wide range of physical and mental states sharing hedonic aversive value. Three types of pain are distinguished in this article: Physical pain, an aversive state related to actual or potential injury and disease; social pain, an aversive emotion associated to social exclusion; and psychological pain, a negative emotion induced by incentive loss. This review centers on psychological pain as studied in nonhuman animals. After covering issues of terminology, the article briefly discusses the daily-life significance of psychological pain and then centers on a discussion of the results originating from two procedures involving incentive loss: successive negative contrast-the unexpected devaluation of a reward-and appetitive extinction-the unexpected omission of a reward. The evidence reviewed points to substantial commonalities, but also some differences and interactions between physical and psychological pains. This evidence is discussed in relation to behavioral, pharmacological, neurobiological, and genetic factors that contribute to the multidimensional experience of psychological pain. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Shale Gas Information Platform SHIP: the scientific perspective in all that hype

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hübner, A.; Horsfield, B.; Kapp, I.

2012-04-01

With the Shale Gas Information Platform SHIP, the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences engages in the public discussion of technical and environmental issues related to shale gas exploration and production. Unconventional fossil fuels, already on stream in the USA, and now under rapid development globally, have brought about a fundamental change in energy resource distribution and energy politics. Among these resources, shale gas is currently most discussed, with the public perspective focusing on putative environmental risk rather than on potential benefits. As far as Europe's own shale gas resources are concerned, scientific and technological innovations will play key roles in defining the dimension of future shale gas production, but it is especially the public's perception and level of acceptance that will make or break shale gas in the near-term. However, opinions on environmental risks diverge strongly: risks are minor and controllable according to industry, while environmental groups often claim the opposite. The Shale Gas Information Platform SHIP brings the perspective of science to the discussion on technical and environmental issues related to shale gas exploration and production. SHIP will not only showcase but discuss what is known and what is not yet know about environmental challenges and potential risks. SHIP features current scientific results and best practice approaches and builds on a network of international experts. The project is interactive and aims to spark discussion among all stakeholders. The Shale Gas Information Platform SHIP covers basic information and news on shale gas, but at the heart of SHIP is the Knowledge Base, a collection of scientific reviews from international experts. The articles give an overview on the current state of knowledge on a certain topic including knowledge gaps, and put this into context of past experiences, current best practices, and opinions expressed by different stakeholders. The articles are open to public comments via the SHIP website, and will be reviewed every three month by the author(s). After approx. one year lifetime, the articles are compiled and published as an E-book by GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences (Library and Information Centre LIS of the GFZ). A DOI (Document Object Identifier) will be issued for every article (=book chapter). As the whole SHIP website, the E-book will be licensed with a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-license, in order to promote maximum visibility and distribution in the web.

Media Reporting of Health Interventions in New Zealand: A Retrospective Analysis.

PubMed

Robinson, Christian; Cutfield, Nick; Mottershead, John; Sharples, Assoc Prof Katrina; Richards, Rosalina; Kingan, Jason; Ledgard, Celina; Liyanage, Anuja; McLean, Jennifer; Nahab, Fouad; Stewart, Fergus; Strachan, Samuel; Tucker, Kathryn; Zhang, Zhiyuan

2018-04-16

To evaluate New Zealand media articles on their coverage of key issues regarding health interventions and whether it is consistent with available evidence. A retrospective analysis was carried out of all articles published in five New Zealand media sources over a six-week period between 15 October and 26 November 2014. Articles were included if their primary focus was on health interventions involving medications, devices or in-hospital procedures. Articles were assessed for coverage of key issues using a previously validated ten-point criteria. A literature review was done to compare content with scientific evidence. We identified 30 articles for review. Only 4 out of 30 articles covered indications, benefits and risks, and of these 2 were consistent with available evidence (7%, 95% CI (1% to 22%). For articles that discussed at least one of indications, benefits or risks, and there was corresponding evidence available, there was a high level of consistency with the evidence (89%, 95% CI (77% to 95%)). The overall mean value of coverage from the ten point criteria was 51% (95% CI 45% to 58%)). Single questions regarding the potential harm, costs associated with the intervention and the availability of alternative options were particularly poorly covered. They were rated as "satisfactory" in 13%, 23% and 33% of the 30 articles respectively. New Zealand news articles covering medical treatments and interventions are largely consistent with available evidence but are incomplete. Vital information is being consistently missed, especially around the potential harms and costs of medical interventions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Building the informatics infrastructure for comparative effectiveness research (CER): a review of the literature.

PubMed

Lopez, Marianne Hamilton; Holve, Erin; Sarkar, Indra Neil; Segal, Courtney

2012-07-01

Technological advances in clinical informatics have made large amounts of data accessible and potentially useful for research. As a result, a burgeoning literature addresses efforts to bridge the fields of health services research and biomedical informatics. The Electronic Data Methods Forum review examines peer-reviewed literature at the intersection of comparative effectiveness research and clinical informatics. The authors are specifically interested in characterizing this literature and identifying cross-cutting themes and gaps in the literature. A 3-step systematic literature search was conducted, including a structured search of PubMed, manual reviews of articles from selected publication lists, and manual reviews of research activities based on prospective electronic clinical data. Two thousand four hundred thirty-five citations were identified as potentially relevant. Ultimately, a full-text review was performed for 147 peer-reviewed papers. One hundred thirty-two articles were selected for inclusion in the review. Of these, 88 articles are the focus of the discussion in this paper. Three types of articles were identified, including papers that: (1) provide historical context or frameworks for using clinical informatics for research, (2) describe platforms and projects, and (3) discuss issues, challenges, and applications of natural language processing. In addition, 2 cross-cutting themes emerged: the challenges of conducting research in the absence of standardized ontologies and data collection; and unique data governance concerns related to the transfer, storage, deidentification, and access to electronic clinical data. Finally, the authors identified several current gaps on important topics such as the use of clinical informatics for cohort identification, cloud computing, and single point access to research data.

Dentistry and dental education in the context of the evolving health care system.

PubMed

Anderson, Maxwell H

2007-08-01

This article is intended to stimulate dialogue within the intertwined dental practice and dental education communities about our evolving health care system and dentistry's role within this system as it reconfigures in response to a complex interplay of influences. The changing dental disease burden in the United States is analyzed with consideration of how evolution in disease prevalence influences societal need for dental services and the resulting potential impact on the types of services provided and the education of future dental practitioners. The article concludes with discussion of a potential future scenario for practice and education in which one or both of the two health abnormalities (dental caries and periodontal diseases) most closely associated with dentistry as an area of medical specialization go away as a consequence of transformational technologies.

Microbial synthesis of poly(epsilon-lysine) and its various applications.

PubMed

Shih, Ing-Lung; Shen, Ming-Haw; Van, Yi-Tsong

2006-06-01

This review article deals with the microbial synthesis, physiochemical properties, and potential applications of poly-epsilon-lysine (epsilon-PL), which is a naturally occurring biomaterial that is water soluble, biodegradable, edible and non-toxic toward humans and the environment. The potential applications of epsilon-PL as food preservatives, emulsifying agent, dietary agent, biodegradable fibers, highly water absorbable hydrogels, drug carriers, anticancer agent enhancer, biochip coatings in the fields of food, medicine, agriculture and electronics are also discussed in this review.

Krill Oil for Cardiovascular Risk Prevention: Is It for Real?

PubMed Central

Backes, James M.; Howard, Patricia A.

2014-01-01

Omega-3 fatty acids play an important role in cardiovascular health. Although it is suggested that individuals obtain these nutrients through diet, many prefer to rely on supplements. Fish oil supplements are widely used, yet large capsule sizes and tolerability make them less than ideal. Recently, krill oil has emerged as a potential alternative for omega-3 supplementation. This article will discuss what is known about krill oil and its potential use in cardiovascular risk prevention. PMID:25477562

Frequency and nature of potentially harmful preventable problems in primary care from the patient's perspective with clinician review: a population-level survey in Great Britain.

PubMed

Stocks, Susan Jill; Donnelly, Ailsa; Esmail, Aneez; Beresford, Joanne; Luty, Sarah; Deacon, Richard; Danczak, Avril; Mann, Nicola; Townsend, David; Ashley, James; Gamble, Carolyn; Bowie, Paul; Campbell, Stephen M

2018-06-13

To estimate the frequency of patient-perceived potentially harmful problems occurring in primary care. To describe the type of problem, patient predictors of perceiving a problem, the primary care service involved, how the problem was discussed and patient suggestions as to how the problem might have been prevented. To describe clinician/public opinions regarding the likelihood that the patient-described scenario is potentially harmful. Population-level survey. Great Britain. A nationally representative sample of 3975 members of the public aged ≥15 years interviewed during April 2016. Counts of patient-perceived potentially harmful problems in the last 12 months, descriptions of patient-described scenarios and review by clinicians/members of the public. 3975 of 3996 participants in a nationally representative survey completed the relevant questions (99.5%). 300 (7.6%; 95% CI 6.7% to 8.4%) of respondents reported experiencing a potentially harmful preventable problem in primary care during the past 12 months and 145 (48%) discussed their concerns within primary care. This did not vary with age, gender or type of service used. A substantial minority (30%) of the patient-perceived problems occurred outside general practice, particularly the dental surgery, walk in clinic, out of hours care and pharmacy. Patients perceiving a potentially harmful preventable problem were eight times more likely to have 'no confidence and trust in primary care' compared with 'yes, definitely' (OR 7.9; 95% CI 5.9 to 10.7) but those who discussed their perceived-problem appeared to maintain higher trust and confidence. Generally, clinicians ranked the patient-described scenarios as unlikely to be potentially harmful. This study highlights the importance of actively soliciting patient's views about preventable harm in primary care as patients frequently perceive potentially harmful preventable problems and make useful suggestions for their prevention. Such engagement may also help to improve confidence and trust in primary care. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Understanding Etiology of Hearing Loss as a Contributor to Language Dysfluency and its Impact on Assessment and Treatment of People who are Deaf in Mental Health Settings.

PubMed

Crump, Charlene J; Hamerdinger, Stephen H

2017-11-01

Working with individuals who are deaf in mental health settings can be complex work, necessitating consideration for the difference in language abilities. These differences include not only the language differences of American Sign Language (ASL) and English, but also the range of heterogeneity within the Deaf Community. Multiple influences such as mental illness, medical conditions, language deprivation and the etiology of deafness can impact how a person acquires and uses language. This article will discuss how various causes of deafness create the potential for specific language dysfluencies with individuals who are deaf in mental health settings. The article will also discuss the use of communication assessments to examine specific language dysfluency patterns and attempt to offer possible corresponding interventions.

Genetic citizenship: DNA testing and the Israeli Law of Return.

PubMed

McGonigle, Ian V; Herman, Lauren W

2015-07-01

The Israeli State recently announced that it may begin to use genetic tests to determine whether potential immigrants are Jewish or not. This development would demand a rethinking of Israeli law on the issue of the definition of Jewishness. In this article, we discuss the historical and legal context of secular and religious definitions of Jewishness and rights to immigration in the State of Israel. We give a brief overview of different ways in which genes have been regarded as Jewish, and we discuss the relationship between this new use of genetics and the society with which it is co-produced. In conclusion, we raise several questions about future potential impacts of Jewish genetics on Israeli law and society.

Velocity-gauge real-time TDDFT within a numerical atomic orbital basis set

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pemmaraju, C. D.; Vila, F. D.; Kas, J. J.; Sato, S. A.; Rehr, J. J.; Yabana, K.; Prendergast, David

2018-05-01

The interaction of laser fields with solid-state systems can be modeled efficiently within the velocity-gauge formalism of real-time time dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT). In this article, we discuss the implementation of the velocity-gauge RT-TDDFT equations for electron dynamics within a linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) basis set framework. Numerical results obtained from our LCAO implementation, for the electronic response of periodic systems to both weak and intense laser fields, are compared to those obtained from established real-space grid and Full-Potential Linearized Augmented Planewave approaches. Potential applications of the LCAO based scheme in the context of extreme ultra-violet and soft X-ray spectroscopies involving core-electronic excitations are discussed.

Multigenerational Challenges: Team-Building for Positive Clinical Workforce Outcomes

PubMed

Moore, Jill M; Everly, Marcee; Bauer, Renee

2016-05-31

Patient acuity in hospital settings continues to increase, and there is greater emphasis on patient outcomes. The current nursing workforce is comprised of four distinct generational cohorts that include veterans, baby boomers, millennials, and generation Xers. Each group has unique characteristics that add complexity to the workforce and this can add challenges to providing optimal patient care. Team building is one strategy to increase mutual understanding, communication, and respect, and thus potentially improve patient outcomes. In this article, we first briefly define generational cohorts by characteristics, and discuss differing expectations for work/life balance and potential negative outcomes. Our discussion offers team building strategies for positive outcomes, a case scenario, and concludes with resources for team building and organizational opportunities.

Indigenous Storytelling and Participatory Action Research

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

Storytelling, in its various forms, has often been described as a practice with great emancipatory potential. In turn, Indigenous knowledge shows great promise in guiding a participatory action research (PAR) methodology. Yet these two approaches are rarely discussed in relation to one another, nor, has much been written in terms of how these two approaches may work synergistically toward a decolonizing research approach. In this article, I report on a community-driven knowledge translation activity, the Peoples’ International Health Tribunal, as an exemplar of how narrative and PAR approaches, guided by local Indigenous knowledge, have great potential to build methodologically and ethically robust research processes. Implications for building globally relevant research alliances and scholarship are further discussed, particularly in relation to working with Indigenous communities. PMID:28462305

The Design Consideration for Game-Based Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liang, Chaoyun; Lee, Yuan-Zone; Chou, Wen-Shou

2010-01-01

The integration of game playing with online education has recently become one of the most discussed issues in the e-learning field for its potentially positive impact on the development of related industries and on the social lives of young people. In this article, the authors propose a set of design considerations to assist game-based learning…

Teaching Calcium-Induced Calcium Release in Cardiomyocytes Using a Classic Paper by Fabiato

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liang, Willmann

2008-01-01

This teaching paper utilizes the materials presented by Dr. Fabiato in his review article entitled "Calcium-induced release of calcium from the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum." In the review, supporting evidence of calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) is presented. Data concerning potential objections to the CICR theory are discussed as well. In…

Using Technology-Enhanced Learning Environments to Support Problem-Based Historical Inquiry in Secondary School Classrooms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saye, John W.; Brush, Thomas

2007-01-01

This article summarizes findings from a nine-year research program investigating how technological affordances might be used as a part of holistic learning environments to support teachers and learners in disciplined inquiry about persistent social issues. We discuss what our findings suggest about the potential and the limitations of…

Igniting the Policy Conversation: Bringing a Trauma-Informed Approach to Early Childhood System Building

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cohen, Julie; Oser, Cindy; Quigley, Kelsey

2013-01-01

The issue of early childhood trauma is becoming more prominent in early childhood policy discussions, driven by a growing recognition of the potentially devastating impacts of trauma and violence on infants, toddlers, and families. This article provides facts about the impacts of trauma and other adverse early experiences on child health and…

New Developments in Undergraduate Education in Public Health: Implications for Health Education and Health Promotion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barnes, Michael D.; Wykoff, Randy; King, Laura Rasar; Petersen, Donna J.

2012-01-01

The article provides an overview of efforts to improve public health and health education training and on the potential use of Critical Component Elements (CCEs) for undergraduate health education programs toward more consistent quality assurance across programs. Considered in the context of the Galway Consensus Conference, the authors discuss the…

Behavioral assessment of personality disorders.

PubMed

Nelson-Gray, R O; Farmer, R F

1999-04-01

This article examines the definition of personality disorders (PDs) from a functional analytical framework and discusses the potential utility of such a framework to account for behavioral tendencies associated with PD pathology. Also reviewed are specific behavioral assessment methods that can be employed in the assessment of PDs, and how information derived from these assessments may be linked to specific intervention strategies.

Working with Families Living with Autism: Potential Contributions of Marriage and Family Therapists

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neely, Jason; Amatea, Ellen S.; Echevarria-Doan, Silvia; Tannen, Tina

2012-01-01

This article introduces marriage and family therapists (MFT) to some of the common issues faced by families that have a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). First, autism is defined and common myths surrounding it are discussed. Next, relational challenges are presented that families report experiencing during early childhood through the…

The Challenges of Work-Based Learning in the Changing Context of the European Higher Education Area

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schmidt, Reinhard; Gibbs, Paul

2009-01-01

This article discusses the key features of the common European framework for work-based learning (WBL) of the "Developing European Work Based Learning Approaches and Methods" (DEWBLAM) project (2003-2006). It examines the context of recent European initiatives and comments on the potential implications for policy, practice and theory,…

Biofuels: What Are They and How Can They Improve Practical Work and Discussions?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

MacLean, Tristan

2014-01-01

This article looks at the potential of bioenergy as a replacement for fossil fuels, the cutting-edge research being undertaken by scientists, and classroom resources available for teaching this topic. There is currently a large programme of scientific research aiming to develop advanced biofuels (replenishable liquid biofuels from non-food plants,…

Minimizing Harm and Maximizing Pleasure: Considering the Harm Reduction Paradigm for Sexuality Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Naisteter, Michal A.; Sitron, Justin A.

2010-01-01

This article explores the potential for introducing harm reduction into sexuality education. When the goal of sexuality education is on prevention and focuses on risk and public health concerns, a discussion of pleasure is rendered problematic, as many pleasurable behaviors are inherently "unsafe" or "risky" when considered using a safe-sex lens.…

Diagnosis and management of gallbladder polyps.

PubMed

Gallahan, William C; Conway, Jason D

2010-06-01

Gallbladder polyps are frequently encountered on cross-sectional imaging, often in asymptomatic patients. Most are benign and of little clinical importance. However, some polyps do have a malignant potential. This article discusses the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and natural history of gallbladder polyps and risk factors for malignant polyps and indications for cholecystectomy. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Data Mining: A Hybrid Methodology for Complex and Dynamic Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lang, Susan; Baehr, Craig

2012-01-01

This article provides an overview of the ways in which data and text mining have potential as research methodologies in composition studies. It introduces data mining in the context of the field of composition studies and discusses ways in which this methodology can complement and extend our existing research practices by blending the best of what…

A Universal Good: Expanding Voluntary, Early Learning Opportunities for Illinois' Young Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Noble, Sean

This report was written to stimulate discussion about the potential and need for expanding access to voluntary, high-quality early childhood care and education programs in Illinois. The report compiles 13 short articles pertaining to early learning as follows: (1) "Ready to Succeed: Preparing Children for School, and for Life"; (2)…

Franz Kafka in the Design Studio: A Hermeneutic-Phenomenological Approach to Architectural Design Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hisarligil, Beyhan Bolak

2012-01-01

This article demonstrates the outcomes of taking a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to architectural design and discusses the potentials for imaginative reasoning in design education. This study tests the use of literature as a verbal form of art and design and the contribution it can make to imaginative design processes--which are all too…

A Stitch in Time: Gender Issues Explored through Contemporary Textiles Practice in a Sixth Form College

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hyde, Wendy

2007-01-01

This article discusses, contextualises and locates in contemporary theory, an autobiographical case study of an artist-teacher in the "learning community" of a Sixth Form College art department. It reflects on the educational potential of enabling teachers of art and their students to investigate issues of culture and identity through engaging…

Faith and Freedom of Religion in U.S. Public Schools: Issues and Challenges Facing Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allgood, Ilene

2016-01-01

Educators today are accustomed to discussing concepts of multiculturalism, race, class, and gender, but when it comes to religion, most new teachers and many seasoned teachers are confounded. This article provides a critical look at the treatment of religion in public education in the United States, and the potential marginalization of…

Temperature dependences of the time of electron-electron interactions in two-dimensional heterojunction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bukhenskyy, K. V.; Dubois, A. B.; Kucheryavyy, S. I.; Mashnina, S. N.; Safoshkin, A. S.; Baukov, A. A.; Shchigorev, E. Yu

2017-12-01

The article discusses the joint solution of the Schrödinger and Poisson equations for two-dimensional semiconductor heterojunction. The application of a triangular potential of well approximation for the calculation of the electron-electron interaction is offered in the paper. The influence of the parameters of the selected approximation was analyzed.

Setting apart the amateur from the professional: maintaining the value of standardised representational photography.

PubMed

Banks, Debbie

2014-10-01

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the importance of standard representational photography in clinical photography and its aid in maintaining the gold standard in the medical illustration profession. it is important that professionals are aware of potential threats to good practice with many areas identified in the article.

Voices from the Past: On Representations of Suffering in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hållander, Marie

2015-01-01

How can the use of testimonies, as representations of suffering, be understood in education? What kind of potential can the use of testimonies have for pedagogical transformation? In this article, drawing on Mollenhauer and Sontag, I discuss the problem of representation as selection in education as it is easier to opt out of that which is…

Freire and Dialogical Pedagogy: A Means for Interrogating Opportunities and Challenges in Australian Postgraduate Supervision

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moriarty, Beverley; Danaher, P. A.; Danaher, Geoff

2008-01-01

Discussions between new postgraduate students and potential supervisors prior to the formalisation of supervisor-student partnerships serve several useful purposes. One purpose is to explore the expectations that each partner has of the other and of themselves and the anticipated nature of the partnership. This article employs Freire's perspective…

Placements: An Underused Vehicle for Quality Enhancement in Higher Education?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kettis, Asa; Ring, Lena; Gustavsson, Maria; Wallman, Andy

2013-01-01

Placements have the potential to contribute more effectively to the quality of higher education. The aim of this article is to discuss how placements can be made more worthwhile for individual students, while also contributing to the overall quality of teaching and learning at HEIs as well as to the development of workplace cultures that are…

The Role of Health Educators in Dealing with Biological Threats in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perez, Miguel A.; Pinzon-Perez, Helda; Sowby, Sherman

2002-01-01

Health educators play a key role in assisting the nation deal with and be prepared for potential biological attacks. This article summarizes information found in the literature about likely bioterrorist threats to the U.S. population and discusses the responsibilities of health educators in regard to these threats. Among the important roles health…

Enabling Students to Participate in School Improvement through a Students as Researchers Programme

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, Amanda; Nash, Judith

2009-01-01

This article explores students' potential to make a difference to their school through a Students as Researchers programme. It begins by discussing the impetus for the current increase in student voice initiatives in schools. It continues the debate around issues of student empowerment and students' identity as change agents through an analysis of…

Human Identities and Nation Building: Comparative Analysis, Markets, and the Modern University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Callejo Pérez, David; Hernández Ulloa, Abel; Martínez Ruiz, Xicoténcatl

2014-01-01

The purpose of this article is to discuss the dilemma of the multi-university in sustainable education, research, and outreach by addressing some of the ways in which universities, must generate actions that seek to address these challenges, develop strategic relationships, and maximize their potential in the areas of teaching, research and…

The System of Higher Education in Russia: A Diversity of Forms, Resources, and Prospects--A Roundtable

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Russian Education and Society, 2007

2007-01-01

This article presents a roundtable discussion on prospects of the development of higher education in Russia and the realization of the potential of state and nonstate institutions of higher learning. The roundtable was held as part of the second international scientific conference "Higher Education for the Twenty-First Century" held at…

Blindsided by the Avatar: White Saviors and Allies out of Hollywood and in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cammarota, Julio

2011-01-01

This article discusses how the white savior syndrome renders the misrepresentation of the potential of people of color to resist and lead the transformation of oppressive conditions within their own social context. Indigenous resistance requires endogenous (internal) leadership such that all social justice actions derive from and continue to flow…

The Exploitative Nature of Work-Based Studies: A Sketch of an Idea

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gibbs, Paul

2004-01-01

This article argues that, if education is considered as a means of increasing human capital, then the potential exists for exploitation of the learners through the inequitable distribution of the value accruing from their research activities. To illustrate the argument, I discuss these issues through the lens of a work-based professional doctorate…

"Cool" Engagements with YouTube: Part 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trier, James

2007-01-01

This article discusses the participatory potential of YouTube, a social website that allows users to upload, view, and share video clips. The author provides examples of how YouTube was incorporated into a course as part of a "mosh-pit" pedagogy that involved both students and teachers in engaging with a variety of YouTube videos.

Single Particle Orientation and Rotational Tracking (SPORT) in biophysical studies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gu, Yan; Ha, Ji Won; Augspurger, Ashley E.

The single particle orientation and rotational tracking (SPORT) techniques have seen rapid development in the past 5 years. Recent technical advances have greatly expanded the applicability of SPORT in biophysical studies. In this feature article, we survey the current development of SPORT and discuss its potential applications in biophysics, including cellular membrane processes and intracellular transport.

Wellbeing in the Classroom: How an Evolutionary Perspective on Human Musicality Can Inform Music Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maury, Susan; Rickard, Nikki

2016-01-01

Group singing is a common feature of classroom-based music education, and has often been proposed to have benefits that extend beyond acquisition of music skills, primarily in academic achievement. However, potential social and emotional well-being benefits have been under-represented in these discussions. This article proposes that an…

Counseling and Testing: What Counselors Need to Know about State Laws on Assessment and Testing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Naugle, Kim A.

2009-01-01

This article discusses testing in counseling, the history of psychology's attempts to restrict access to testing, and the potential impact on the public. Counselors are encouraged to obtain appropriate training in assessment and to understand that testing is not only consistent with fair testing policies but also essential for ethical practice.…

Talking Pictures: Exploiting the Potential of Visual Sources to Generate Productive Pupil Talk

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Card, Jane

2012-01-01

Jane Card has long been fascinated by the power of visual sources to stimulate pupil thought and discussion. In previous articles she has shared insights from her own expert practice, fusing deep subject knowledge with careful planning to generate highly skilful questioning. Here she presents another rich example of classroom practice, carefully…

Malleable Thought: The Role of Craft Thinking in Practice-Led Graphic Design

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ings, Welby

2015-01-01

This article considers the potential of craft processes as creative engagements in graphic design research. It initially discusses the uneasy history of craft within the discipline, then draws upon case studies undertaken by three established designers who, in their postgraduate theses, engaged with craft as a process of thinking. In doing so, the…

A Window-Washing Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roman, Harry T.

2010-01-01

Skyscrapers sure do have a lot of windows, and these windows are cleaned and checked regularly. All this takes time, money, and puts workers at potential risk. Might there be a better way to do it? In this article, the author discusses a window-washing challenge and describes how students can tackle this task, pick up the challenge, and creatively…

Short-Term Medical Consequences of the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident: Lessons for the Future

PubMed Central

Gale, Robert Peter

1988-01-01

The author of this article discusses the world's most serious nuclear accident to date: the Chernobyl nuclear accident of April 1986. His major focus is on the short-term medical consequences of the accident, including reduction of exposure to persons at risk, evaluation of persons potentially affected, dosimetry, and specific medical interventions. PMID:21253129

Jaundice in infants and children: causes, diagnosis and management.

PubMed

Chee, Y Y; Chung, P H; Wong, R M; Wong, K K

2018-05-21

Jaundice is caused by an accumulation of bilirubin in the blood. The presentation in infants and children can be indicative of a wide range of conditions, with some self-limiting and others potentially life-threatening. This article aims to provide a concise review of the common medical and surgical causes in children and discuss their diagnosis and management.

The Perception of Time: Basic Research and Some Potential Links to the Study of Language

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wearden, J. H.

2008-01-01

The article first discusses some recent work in time perception--in particular the distinction among prospective timing, retrospective timing, and passage of time judgments. The history and application of an "internal clock" model as an explanation of prospective timing performance is reviewed and contrasted with the different mechanisms needed…

Evaluation of the Massage in Schools Programme in One Primary School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marsh, Lesley J.

2011-01-01

This article discusses the potential benefits of the Massage in Schools Programme (MISP), a programme originating in Scandinavia, which has been introduced into schools in the United Kingdom (UK) since 2001. Meeting four out of five outcomes of the Every Child Matters agenda, the review of the literature aims to separate anecdotal and media…

An evidence-based solution for minimizing stress and anger in nursing students.

PubMed

Shirey, Maria R

2007-12-01

Manifestations of stress and anger are becoming more evident in society. Anger, an emotion associated with stress, often affects other aspects of everyday life, including the workplace and the educational setting. Stress and irrational anger in nursing students presents a potential teaching-learning problem that requires innovative evidence-based solutions. In this article, anger in nursing students is discussed, and background information on the topic is provided. Common sources and manifestations of anger in nursing students are presented, and one evidence-based solution--mindfulness-based-stress reduction--is discussed.

Structural design approaches for creating fat droplet and starch granule mimetics.

PubMed

McClements, David Julian; Chung, Cheryl; Wu, Bi-Cheng

2017-02-22

This article focuses on hydrogel-based strategies for creating reduced calorie foods with desirable physicochemical, sensory, and nutritional properties. Initially, the role of fat droplets and starch granules in foods is discussed, and then different methods for fabricating hydrogel beads are reviewed, including phase separation, antisolvent precipitation, injection, and emulsion template methods. Finally, the potential application of hydrogel beads as fat droplet and starch granule replacements is discussed. There is still a need for large-scale, high-throughout, and economical methods of fabricating hydrogel beads suitable for utilization within the food industry.

Mental health and academic achievement: role of school nurses.

PubMed

Puskar, Kathryn Rose; Bernardo, Lisa Marie

2007-10-01

This article discusses how school nurses promote mental health and subsequent academic achievement by screening and referral for children demonstrating mental health problems. Nursing interventions are discussed at the individual, systems, and community levels. Mental health problems can affect school performance and academic achievement. When mental health problems are not recognized, students may be unable to reach their academic potential. School nurses are in a key position to provide interventions to address mental health and academic achievement. The role of school nurses and examples of mental health collaborative activities are provided.

Statistical methods in personality assessment research.

PubMed

Schinka, J A; LaLone, L; Broeckel, J A

1997-06-01

Emerging models of personality structure and advances in the measurement of personality and psychopathology suggest that research in personality and personality assessment has entered a stage of advanced development, in this article we examine whether researchers in these areas have taken advantage of new and evolving statistical procedures. We conducted a review of articles published in the Journal of Personality, Assessment during the past 5 years. Of the 449 articles that included some form of data analysis, 12.7% used only descriptive statistics, most employed only univariate statistics, and fewer than 10% used multivariate methods of data analysis. We discuss the cost of using limited statistical methods, the possible reasons for the apparent reluctance to employ advanced statistical procedures, and potential solutions to this technical shortcoming.

Metal–organic and covalent organic frameworks as single-site catalysts

PubMed Central

Rogge, S. M. J.; Bavykina, A.; Hajek, J.; Garcia, H.; Olivos-Suarez, A. I.; Sepúlveda-Escribano, A.; Vimont, A.; Clet, G.; Bazin, P.; Kapteijn, F.

2017-01-01

Heterogeneous single-site catalysts consist of isolated, well-defined, active sites that are spatially separated in a given solid and, ideally, structurally identical. In this review, the potential of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as platforms for the development of heterogeneous single-site catalysts is reviewed thoroughly. In the first part of this article, synthetic strategies and progress in the implementation of such sites in these two classes of materials are discussed. Because these solids are excellent playgrounds to allow a better understanding of catalytic functions, we highlight the most important recent advances in the modelling and spectroscopic characterization of single-site catalysts based on these materials. Finally, we discuss the potential of MOFs as materials in which several single-site catalytic functions can be combined within one framework along with their potential as powerful enzyme-mimicking materials. The review is wrapped up with our personal vision on future research directions. PMID:28338128

Machine Learning in Radiation Oncology: Opportunities, Requirements, and Needs

PubMed Central

Feng, Mary; Valdes, Gilmer; Dixit, Nayha; Solberg, Timothy D.

2018-01-01

Machine learning (ML) has the potential to revolutionize the field of radiation oncology, but there is much work to be done. In this article, we approach the radiotherapy process from a workflow perspective, identifying specific areas where a data-centric approach using ML could improve the quality and efficiency of patient care. We highlight areas where ML has already been used, and identify areas where we should invest additional resources. We believe that this article can serve as a guide for both clinicians and researchers to start discussing issues that must be addressed in a timely manner. PMID:29719815

Genetic predispositions and childhood cancer.

PubMed Central

Shannon, K

1998-01-01

This article provides an overview of the problem of genetic susceptibility to childhood cancer with a particular emphasis on problems with ascertaining inherited cancer risk and the role of tumor-suppressor gene mutations in cancer predispositions. The association between neurofibromatosis type 1 and childhood leukemia is used to illustrate some of the issues faced by molecular biologists and genetic epidemiologists in identifying and analyzing at-risk individuals. The problem of incomplete penetrance in cancer susceptibility is presented and potential models are discussed. The article concludes with a number of tentative conclusions from existing data and speculations for future studies. Images Figure 1 PMID:9646040

Uptake of critical knowledge in nursing practice: lessons learned from a knowledge translation study.

PubMed

Anderson, Joan M; Browne, Annette J; Reimer-Kirkham, Sheryl; Lynam, M Judith; Rodney, Paddy; Varcoe, Colleen; Wong, Sabrina; Tan, Elsie; Smye, Victoria; McDonald, Heather; Baumbusch, Jennifer; Khan, Koushambhi Basu; Reimer, Joanne; Peltonen, Adrienne; Brar, Anureet

2010-09-01

This article is based on a knowledge translation (KT) study of the transition of patients from hospital to home. It focuses on the lessons learned about the challenges of translating research-derived critical knowledge in practice settings. The authors situate the article in current discourses about KT; discuss their understanding of the nature of critical knowledge; and present themes from their body of research, which comprises the knowledge that was translated. The findings have the potential to guide future KT research that focuses on the uptake of critical knowledge in nursing practice.

Toward a Symptom-Guided Neurostimulation for Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome

PubMed Central

Pedroarena-Leal, Nicole; Ruge, Diane

2017-01-01

Therapy resistance of approximately one-third of patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) requires consideration of alternative therapeutic interventions. This article provides a condensed review of the invasive and non-invasive stimulation techniques that have been applied, to date, for treatment and investigation of GTS. Through this perspective and short review, the article discusses potential novel applications for neurostimulation techniques based on a symptom-guided approach. The concept of considering the physiological basis of specific symptoms when using stimulation techniques will provide a platform for more effective non-pharmacological neuromodulation of symptoms in GTS. PMID:28289393

Application of protease technology in dermatology: rationale for incorporation into skin care with initial observations on formulations designed for skin cleansing, maintenance of hydration, and restoration of the epidermal permeability barrier.

PubMed

Del Rosso, James Q

2013-06-01

This article reviews background on proteases and their functions, their physiological significance in skin, and the potential implications of incorporating specific proteases and protease blends into dermatological products, including skin care formulations. The history of protease blend formulations used in wound model studies and for other disorders is reviewed. In vitro data with use of a specific 3-protease blend with evaluation of the impact on various skin proteins and peptides is also discussed in this article.

Insulin Resistance and Hunger in Childhood Obesity: A Patient and Physician's Perspective.

PubMed

Scinta, Wendy; Bayes, Harold; Smith, Nicole

2017-10-01

This article is co-authored by the mother of a child with obesity and insulin resistance, who gives her perspective. It is also co-authored by the treating Obesity Medicine clinician and an investigator in obesity clinical research (both certified in Obesity Medicine), who give their perspectives. The discussion focuses upon the potential clinical use of metformin in managing young patients with obesity and insulin resistance. The article integrates what is scientifically known about the mechanisms of actions of metformin and how these mechanisms are reflected in the clinical response of young patients.

Impact of globalization and animal trade on infectious disease ecology.

PubMed

Marano, Nina; Arguin, Paul M; Pappaioanou, Marguerite

2007-12-01

The articles on rabies and Marburg virus featured in this month's Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) zoonoses issue illustrate common themes. Both discuss zoonotic diseases with serious health implications for humans, and both have a common reservoir, the bat. These articles, and the excitement generated by this year's recognition of World Rabies Day on September 8, also described in this issue, remind us how globalization has had an impact on the worldwide animal trade. This worldwide movement of animals has increased the potential for the translocation of zoonotic diseases, which pose serious risks to human and animal health.

A case for a duty to feed the hungry: GM plants and the third world.

PubMed

Carter, Lucy

2007-03-01

This article is concerned with a discussion of the plausibility of the claim that GM technology has the potential to provide the hungry with sufficient food for subsistence. Following a brief outline of the potential applications of GM in this context, a history of the green revolution and its impact will be discussed in relation to the current developing world agriculture situation. Following a contemporary analysis of malnutrition, the claim that GM technology has the potential to provide the hungry with sufficient nourishment will be discussed within the domain of moral philosophy to determine whether there exists a moral obligation to pursue this end if and only if the technology proves to be relatively safe and effective. By using Peter Singer's duty of moral rescue, I argue that we have a moral duty to assist the third world through the distribution of such GM plants. I conclude the paper by demonstrating that my argument can be supported by applying a version of the Precautionary Principle on the grounds that doing nothing might be worse for the current situation.

Targeting chronic inflammation in cerebral aneurysms: focusing on NF-kappaB as a putative target of medical therapy.

PubMed

Aoki, Tomohiro; Nishimura, M

2010-03-01

Cerebral aneurysms (CAs) are the main cause of life-threatening subarachnoid hemorrhage. Given its prevalence and endpoint, CA treatment is a public health issue. Effective medical treatment of CAs is lacking because the detailed mechanisms of CA formation are incompletely understood. The aim of this contribution is to review recent articles about CA formation, to suggest the underlying mechanisms of CA formation, and to discuss potential therapeutic targets for treatment. Articles were collected by an internet search of PubMed using the keywords 'intracranial' or 'cerebral aneurysm'. A review of articles about the pathogenesis of CA formation focusing on inflammation. Recent articles demonstrate that inflammation-related-molecule induction and inflammatory cell infiltration in CA walls and the close relationship between inflammatory responses and CA formation. From studies in experimental models, chronic inflammation triggered primarily by NF-kappaB activation in endothelial cells and subsequent macrophage infiltration have critical roles in CA formation. Inhibition of inflammation-related molecules in CA walls results in the decreased incidence of CA formation. Agents with anti-inflammatory activity (particularly anti- NF-kappaB effects) have potential as therapeutic drugs for CAs.

The Affordances of Blogs and Digital Video: New Potentials for Exploring Topics and Representing Meaning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ranker, Jason

2015-01-01

In this article, the author presents examples of two ninth-grade students' literacy processes as they used blogs and digital video (amongst other media) to inquire into the subject matter of fast food. The author discusses the students' uses of these focal media through the concept of affordances, a concept that refers to the distinct…

Dynamics and Potentiality of Postgraduate Students Regarding Lifelong Learning: A Greek Case

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boutsiouki, Sofia

2010-01-01

The purpose of this article is to contribute to a gradually expanding discussion on the role of lifelong learning in the personal and professional lives of individuals, as well as on the socioeconomic trends and practices in the global context. It presents the results of a survey carried out with a structured questionnaire on postgraduate students…

Participation Cartography: Blurring the Boundaries of Space, Autobiography, and Memory by Means of Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sotelo-Castro, Luis Carlos

2010-01-01

In this article, I focus on the empowering potential of a participatory practice that frames walking as integral to a performative, self-mapping, and aesthetic process. By discussing my experience as a participant in "Ere Be Dragons" (2007), a work by the artists collective Active Ingredient (Rachel Jacobs and Matt Watkins), I set out some new…

Searching Nearest Potential of Children with Intellectual Disability--Dynamic Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kulesza, Ewa Maria

2015-01-01

The article discussed the issue of the diagnosis with the use of task-support-task procedure. A theoretical model of diagnosis based on the concepts by L. S. Vygotski, R. Case, and A. Bandura was described and developed. The model was tested on a group of non-disabled preschool children, and children with mild and moderate intellectual disability…

Potential Cost Savings of Contrast-Enhanced Digital Mammography.

PubMed

Patel, Bhavika K; Gray, Richard J; Pockaj, Barbara A

2017-06-01

The purpose of this article is to discuss whether the sensitivity and specificity of contrast-enhanced digital mammography (CEDM) render it a viable diagnostic alternative to breast MRI. That CEDM couples low-energy images (comparable to the diagnostic quality of standard mammography) and subtracted contrast-enhanced mammograms make it a cost-effective modality and a realistic substitute for the more costly breast MRI.

David Kirk on Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy: In Dialogue with Steven Stolz (Part 1)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stolz, Steven A.; Kirk, David

2015-01-01

Forming the first of two articles, this dialogue begins from the dilemma posed in the writings of David Kirk that physical education is in crisis because the dominant practice of physical education as "sport-techniques" is resistant to change. In order to make sense of crisis discourse, the discussion explores the potential for change in…

The Other and the Same: Images of Rescue and Salvation in the Portuguese Documentary Film "Children's Parks" (1945)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martins, Catarina; Cabeleira, Helena; do O, Jorge Ramos

2011-01-01

This article deals with the heuristic potentials of the documentary film "Children's Parks" in the historical and visual treatment of educational subjects and objects. We will choose specific moments in the film in order to discuss theoretical and methodological questions implied in the relationship between images and words, aiming to…

Instrumental Relationships: A Potential Relational Model for Inner-City Youth Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Halpern, Robert

2005-01-01

In this article, a distinct type of adult-youth relationship found in some youth programs and characterized as instrumental is discussed. Such relationships focus primarily on joint work on a task or project, or in a discipline, with the adult having expertise and a strong identity in the substantive domain involved, rather than in youth work per…

Getting a GRiP: Examining the Outcomes of a Pilot Program to Support Graduate Research Students in Writing for Publication

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cuthbert, Denise; Spark, Ceridwen

2008-01-01

This article addresses an under-researched area of graduate studies: the role of writing groups in developing the research and publication potential of university graduates. Drawing on focus group discussions with participants from a pilot program conducted in the Arts Faculty at Monash University in Australia, the authors investigate the outcomes…

The Potential of Studying Specific Language Impairment in Bilinguals for Linguistic Research on Specific Language Impairment in Monolinguals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rothweiler, Monika

2010-01-01

In her Keynote Article, Paradis discusses the role of the interface between bilingual development and specific language impairment (SLI) on two different levels. On the level of theoretical explanations of SLI, Paradis asks how domain general versus domain-specific perspectives on SLI can account for bilingual SLI, as well as what bilingual SLI…

National fuel-treatment budgeting in US federal agencies: capturing opportunities for transparent decision-making

Treesearch

Keith M. Reynolds; Paul F. Hessburg; Robert E. Keane; James P. Menakis

2009-01-01

The Ecosystem Management Decision Support (EMDS) system has been used by the US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service and Bureaus of the Department of the Interior since 2006 to evaluate wildfire potential across all administrative units in the continental US, and to establish priorities for allocating fuel-treatment budgets. This article discusses an EMDS fuels-...

Far-field environment working group summary

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pearcy, E.C.

1995-09-01

This article is a summary of the proceedings of a group discussion which took place at the Workshop on the Role of Natural Analogs in Geologic Disposal of High-Level Nuclear Waste in San Antonio, Texas on July 22-25, 1991. The working group concentrated on the subject of the potential impacts of underground disposal of high-level radioactive wastes on the far-field environment.

Modelling Blended Solutions for Higher Education: Teaching, Learning, and Assessment in the Network and Mobile Technology Era

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bocconi, Stefania; Trentin, Guglielmo

2014-01-01

The article addresses the role of network and mobile technologies in enhancing blended solutions with a view to (a) enriching the teaching/learning processes, (b) exploiting the opportunities it offers for their observability, and hence for their monitoring and formative/summative assessment. It will also discuss how such potential can only be…

Acute and impaired wound healing: pathophysiology and current methods for drug delivery, part 2: role of growth factors in normal and pathological wound healing: therapeutic potential and methods of delivery.

PubMed

Demidova-Rice, Tatiana N; Hamblin, Michael R; Herman, Ira M

2012-08-01

This is the second of 2 articles that discuss the biology and pathophysiology of wound healing, reviewing the role that growth factors play in this process and describing the current methods for growth factor delivery into the wound bed.

Teaching in the Dark: The Promise and Pedagogy of Creative Writing in Prison

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Appleman, Deborah

2013-01-01

Deborah Appleman's recent research has focused on teaching college-level language and literature courses for incarcerated men. In this article, she discusses using creative writing as a way to unlock creative potential, to foster students' love of language, and to offer a powerful outlet for self-expression in a class she teaches with…

Acute and Impaired Wound Healing: Pathophysiology and Current Methods for Drug Delivery, Part 2: Role of Growth Factors in Normal and Pathological Wound Healing: Therapeutic Potential and Methods of Delivery

PubMed Central

Demidova-Rice, Tatiana N.; Hamblin, Michael R.; Herman, Ira M.

2012-01-01

This is the second of 2 articles that discuss the biology and pathophysiology of wound healing, reviewing the role that growth factors play in this process and describing the current methods for growth factor delivery into the wound bed. PMID:22820962

Are You Ready for E-Readers in Your Library?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gustafson, Chris

2012-01-01

This article discusses some things to consider when thinking about adding e-readers to one's collection. These include: (1) What is the purpose?; (2) Which device?; (3) How will one keep track of his or her e-readers and their contents?; (4) What are some potential pitfalls?; (5) Is there a positive impact on student learning?; and (6) Are…

Playing with Performance: The Use and Abuse of Beta-Blockers in the Performing Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patston, Tim; Loughlan, Terence

2014-01-01

This article discusses the use of beta-blockers by performing artists, the reasons why they are taken, and the potential associated risks. We argue that there are high levels of usage within sectors of the professional performing arts community and that there may be high levels of risk in using these medications, particularly without medical…

Humanizing the Teaching of Physics through Storytelling: The Case of Current Electricity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hadzigeorgiou, Yannis

2006-01-01

The main purpose of this article is to discuss the potential role of storytelling in the teaching and learning of physics. I first present the main historical events concerning the discovery of current electricity by focusing on the Galvani-Volta controversy and the work of Michael Faraday. Then I outline a planning framework for teaching through…

Update in Hospice and Palliative Care.

PubMed

Taylor, Richard A; Smith, Cardinale B; Coats, Heather; Gelfman, Laura P; Dionne-Odom, J Nicholas

2017-11-01

The objective of this update, presented at the 2017 Annual Assembly of the American Association of Palliative and Hospice Medicine (AAHPM) and the Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association (HPNA), is to identify, summarize, and critique a sampling of research from the prior year that has the potential for marked impact on hospice and palliative clinical practice. Eight reports of original research published between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016 were identified through a systematic PubMed search using the terms "hospice" and "palliative care," a hand search of 22 leading healthcare journals, and discussion with experts in the field. Candidate articles were ranked based on the study's methodological quality, appeal to a breadth of palliative care clinicians across different settings, and potential clinical practice impact. We summarize the eight articles with the highest ratings and give recommendations for clinical practice.

Electromembrane extraction--three-phase electrophoresis for future preparative applications.

PubMed

Gjelstad, Astrid; Pedersen-Bjergaard, Stig

2014-09-01

The purpose of this article is to discuss the principle and the future potential for electromembrane extraction (EME). EME was presented in 2006 as a totally new sample preparation technique for ionized target analytes, based on electrokinetic migration across a supported liquid membrane under the influence of an external electrical field. The principle of EME is presented, and typical performance data for EME are discussed. Most work with EME up to date has been performed with low-molecular weight pharmaceutical substances as model analytes, but the principles of EME should be developed in other directions in the future to fully explore the potential. Recent research in new directions is critically reviewed, with focus on extraction of different types of chemical and biochemical substances, new separation possibilities, new approaches, and challenges related to mass transfer and background current. The intention of this critical review is to give a flavor of EME and to stimulate into more research in the area of EME. Unlike other review articles, the current one is less comprehensive, but put more emphasis on new directions for EME. © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Family-focused autism spectrum disorder research: a review of the utility of family systems approaches.

PubMed

Cridland, Elizabeth K; Jones, Sandra C; Magee, Christopher A; Caputi, Peter

2014-04-01

A family member with an autism spectrum disorder presents pervasive and bidirectional influences on the entire family system, suggesting a need for family-focused autism spectrum disorder research. While there has been increasing interest in this research area, family-focused autism spectrum disorder research can still be considered relatively recent, and there are limitations to the existing literature. The purpose of this article is to provide theoretical and methodological directions for future family-focused autism spectrum disorder research. In particular, this article proposes Family Systems approaches as a common theoretical framework for future family-focused autism spectrum disorder research by considering theoretical concepts such as Boundaries, Ambiguous Loss, Resilience and Traumatic Growth. We discuss reasons why these concepts are important to researching families living with autism spectrum disorder and provide recommendations for future research. The potential for research grounded in Family Systems approaches to influence clinical support services is also discussed.

Applications of Radioisotopes

DOE PAGES

Hayes, Robert

2017-03-10

Radioisotopes are used all over the globe in many different types of applications. To name but a few examples, they are used in research in science, technology, and medicine; in industry; in geolog-ical explorations; in forensics for art technology and archeology; in space activities; in home pro-tection devices; and in homeland security activities. This article presents (a) general discussion about radioisotopes and radioactivity and (b) brief discussion for each one of their many applications. It is not generally credible that all current and potential science, engineering, and technological applications for radioisotopes could be listed in a single article. Perhaps allmore » those we know of could be detailed and listed in a large comprehensive book or series of works. This had been attempted early in the previous century along with select industry and application-specific reference works such as chemistry, hydrology, agriculture, and the paper industry.« less

Ontology matters: a commentary on contribution to cultural historical activity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martin, Jenny

2017-10-01

This commentary promotes discussion on the imaginary provided by Sanaz Farhangi in her article entitled, Contribution to activity: a lens for understanding students' potential and agency in physics education. The commentary is concerned with aligning ontological assumptions in research accounts of learning and development with transformative aims. A broad definition of ontology as the theory of existence is preferred. Sociocultural approaches share relational ontology as a common foundation. I agree with scholars elaborating Vygotsky's Transformative Activist Stance that a relational ontology does not imply activism. However, I argue that relational ontology provides a necessary and sufficient theoretical grounding for intentional transformation. I draw upon positioning theory to elaborate the moral aspects of language use and to illustrate that a theory of being as relational already eliminates the transcendental position. I draw on Farhangi's article to further the discussion on the necessity and sufficiency of relational ontology and associated grammars in accounting for activism.

A conceptual model of transference and its psychotherapeutic application.

PubMed

Corradi, Richard B

2006-01-01

The tendency to repeat formative human relationships in later life, a universal developmental characteristic, is referred to as transference when it occurs in the doctor-patient relationship. Its systematic therapeutic application in psychiatry has historically been associated with classical psychoanalysis. As psychoanalysis has lost its cachet, and as drug treatment has replaced psychotherapy as psychiatry's major treatment modality, the therapeutic potential of transference risks being neglected. This is to the great detriment of psychiatric patients. Knowledge of the power of transference and expertise in its clinical use in psychotherapy should be the most powerful tool in the psychiatric therapeutic armamentarium. This article discusses a concept of transference that the author has found effective, both in clinical practice and in teaching about transference to psychiatric residents. The article delineates a psychology of transference, discusses its universal applicability to the whole of the psychotherapeutic process, and utilizes case material to illustrate principles of its application.

Bioinformatics: perspectives for the future.

PubMed

Costa, Luciano da Fontoura

2004-12-30

I give here a very personal perspective of Bioinformatics and its future, starting by discussing the origin of the term (and area) of bioinformatics and proceeding by trying to foresee the development of related issues, including pattern recognition/data mining, the need to reintegrate biology, the potential of complex networks as a powerful and flexible framework for bioinformatics and the interplay between bio- and neuroinformatics. Human resource formation and market perspective are also addressed. Given the complexity and vastness of these issues and concepts, as well as the limited size of a scientific article and finite patience of the reader, these perspectives are surely incomplete and biased. However, it is expected that some of the questions and trends that are identified will motivate discussions during the IcoBiCoBi round table (with the same name as this article) and perhaps provide a more ample perspective among the participants of that conference and the readers of this text.

Characterization of study focus of the Brazilian academic-scientific production about experimentation in Physics Teaching

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wesendonk, F. S.; Terrazzan, E. A.

2016-12-01

In this article, we presented a characterization of the recent academic and scientific literature on experiments in Physics Education in terms of focus and research intentions and results built through these investigations. For this, we used as a source of information 10 national Academic and Scientific Journals available on websites. By consulting these journals, we identified that 147 papers published from 2009 to 2013 had as their main focus the experimental research. We classified the Works in categories established a priori and subcategories established a posteriori. At the end, we found out that few articles deal with this issue (9%). Moreover, in most productions there is a superficial discussion of theoretical studies on the use of experimentation in teaching. This makes the contribution of these productions for the development of conceptual discussions about the potential and limited use of experimentation in Physics Education to be relatively small.

[Peripheral Regional Anesthesia Without Any Complications - a Dream Comes True?!

PubMed

Wiesmann, Thomas; Döffert, Jens; Steinfeldt, Thorsten

2018-04-01

Peripheral regional anesthesia procedures, such as femoral nerve block, are relatively safe procedures in clinical anesthesia. Nevertheless, it may lead to typical, usually transient and rarely even persistent complications. This article aims to highlight key aspects of complications in peripheral regional anesthesia and, in particular, strategies to reduce risk. Moreover, beside general complications, which might potentially occur in any peripheral nerve blockade ("bleeding/infection/nerve damage"), accidental co-blockades of other nerval structures are discussed using the example of the brachial plexus. In addition to the presentation of the possible complications, this article discusses improvements in the techniques during the last two decades. Due to the use of ultrasound, some side effects nowadays are supposed to occur less likely. An outlook into the future will inform the reader about improved or more selective blockages. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Staffs' and managers' perceptions of how and when discrete event simulation modelling can be used as a decision support in quality improvement: a focus group discussion study at two hospital settings in Sweden.

PubMed

Hvitfeldt-Forsberg, Helena; Mazzocato, Pamela; Glaser, Daniel; Keller, Christina; Unbeck, Maria

2017-06-06

To explore healthcare staffs' and managers' perceptions of how and when discrete event simulation modelling can be used as a decision support in improvement efforts. Two focus group discussions were performed. Two settings were included: a rheumatology department and an orthopaedic section both situated in Sweden. Healthcare staff and managers (n=13) from the two settings. Two workshops were performed, one at each setting. Workshops were initiated by a short introduction to simulation modelling. Results from the respective simulation model were then presented and discussed in the following focus group discussion. Categories from the content analysis are presented according to the following research questions: how and when simulation modelling can assist healthcare improvement? Regarding how, the participants mentioned that simulation modelling could act as a tool for support and a way to visualise problems, potential solutions and their effects. Regarding when, simulation modelling could be used both locally and by management, as well as a pedagogical tool to develop and test innovative ideas and to involve everyone in the improvement work. Its potential as an information and communication tool and as an instrument for pedagogic work within healthcare improvement render a broader application and value of simulation modelling than previously reported. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Nose-to-brain peptide delivery - The potential of nanotechnology.

PubMed

Samaridou, Eleni; Alonso, Maria José

2018-06-01

Nose-to-brain (N-to-B) delivery offers to protein and peptide drugs the possibility to reach the brain in a non-invasive way. This article is a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art of this emerging peptide delivery route, as well as of the challenges associated to it. Emphasis is given on the potential of nanosized drug delivery carriers to enhance the direct N-to-B transport of protein or peptide drugs. In particular, polymer- and lipid- based nanocarriers are comparatively analyzed in terms of the influence of their physicochemical characteristics and composition on their in vivo fate and efficacy. The use of biorecognitive ligands and permeation enhancers in order to enhance their brain targeting efficiency is also discussed. The article concludes highlighting the early stage of this research field and its still unveiled potential. The final message is that more explicatory PK/PD studies are required in order to achieve the translation from preclinical to the clinical development phase. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Potential for Chlorine Gas–induced Injury in the Extrapulmonary Vasculature

PubMed Central

Samal, Andrey; Honovar, Jaideep; White, C. Roger; Patel, Rakesh P.

2010-01-01

Exposure to chlorine gas (Cl2) primarily causes injury to the lung and is characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress mediated by reactive chlorine species. Reducing lung injury and improving respiratory function are the principal therapeutic goals in treating individuals exposed to Cl2 gas. Less is known on the potential for Cl2 gas exposure to cause injury to extrapulmonary tissues and specifically to mediate endothelial dysfunction. This concept is forwarded in this article on the basis that (1) many irritant gases whose reactivity is limited to the lung have now been shown to have effects that promote endothelial dysfunction in the systemic vasculature, and as such lead to the acute and chronic cardiovascular disease events (e.g., myocardial infarctions and atherosclerosis); and (2) that endogenously produced reactive chlorine species are now considered to be central in the development of cardiovascular diseases. This article discusses these two areas with the view of providing a framework in which potential extrapulmonary toxic effects of Cl2 gas exposure may be considered. PMID:20601634

Recent developments in L-asparaginase discovery and its potential as anticancer agent.

PubMed

Shrivastava, Abhinav; Khan, Abdul Arif; Khurshid, Mohsin; Kalam, Mohd Abul; Jain, Sudhir K; Singhal, Pradeep K

2016-04-01

L-Asparaginase (EC3.5.1.1) is an enzyme, which is used for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and other related blood cancers from a long time. This enzyme selectively hydrolyzes the extracellular amino acid L-asparagine into L-aspartate and ammonia, leading to nutritional deficiencies, protein synthesis inhibition, and ultimately death of lymphoblastic cells by apoptosis. Currently, bacterial asparaginases are used for treatment purpose but offers scepticism due to a number of toxicities, including thrombosis, pancreatitis, hyperglycemia, and hepatotoxicity. Resistance towards bacterial asparaginase is another major disadvantage during cancer management. This situation attracted attention of researchers towards alternative sources of L-asparaginase, including plants and fungi. Present article discusses about potential of L-asparaginase as an anticancer agent, its mechanism of action, and adverse effects related to current asparaginase formulations. This article also provides an outlook for recent developments in L-asparaginase discovery from alternative sources and their potential as a less toxic alternative to current formulations. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Potential problems of detecting and treating psychosis in the White House. Potential psychosis in the White House.

PubMed

Gambill, J

1980-01-01

Numerous books and articles have described the emotional difficulties suffered by President Nixon and how they influenced functioning in the White House and other branches of government during his presidency. I am not able to ascertain whether Nixon was temporarily psychotic; but the reported emotional turmoil suggests he may have been at high risk for committing suicide or developing a psychosis. This article analyzes the reactions of numerous people to the questionably irrational behaviour of Richard Nixon. Examples of psychiatric risks in other Presidents, presidential candidates, and public figures are also discussed. The potential difficulties in detecting and treating severe psychiatric illness in Presidents and other public figures should not prevent us from taking action now to minimize future risks. It is recommended that future Presidents appoint a psychiatrist, at least on a part-time basis, as one of their personal physicians in order to increase Presidential access to psychiatric evaluation and treatment.

Velocity-gauge real-time TDDFT within a numerical atomic orbital basis set

DOE PAGES

Pemmaraju, C. D.; Vila, F. D.; Kas, J. J.; ...

2018-02-07

The interaction of laser fields with solid-state systems can be modeled efficiently within the velocity-gauge formalism of real-time time dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT). In this article, we discuss the implementation of the velocity-gauge RT-TDDFT equations for electron dynamics within a linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) basis set framework. Numerical results obtained from our LCAO implementation, for the electronic response of periodic systems to both weak and intense laser fields, are compared to those obtained from established real-space grid and Full-Potential Linearized Augmented Planewave approaches. As a result, potential applications of the LCAO based scheme in the context ofmore » extreme ultra-violet and soft X-ray spectroscopies involving core-electronic excitations are discussed.« less

Global food security under climate change

PubMed Central

Schmidhuber, Josef; Tubiello, Francesco N.

2007-01-01

This article reviews the potential impacts of climate change on food security. It is found that of the four main elements of food security, i.e., availability, stability, utilization, and access, only the first is routinely addressed in simulation studies. To this end, published results indicate that the impacts of climate change are significant, however, with a wide projected range (between 5 million and 170 million additional people at risk of hunger by 2080) strongly depending on assumed socio-economic development. The likely impacts of climate change on the other important dimensions of food security are discussed qualitatively, indicating the potential for further negative impacts beyond those currently assessed with models. Finally, strengths and weaknesses of current assessment studies are discussed, suggesting improvements and proposing avenues for new analyses. PMID:18077404

Velocity-gauge real-time TDDFT within a numerical atomic orbital basis set

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pemmaraju, C. D.; Vila, F. D.; Kas, J. J.

The interaction of laser fields with solid-state systems can be modeled efficiently within the velocity-gauge formalism of real-time time dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT). In this article, we discuss the implementation of the velocity-gauge RT-TDDFT equations for electron dynamics within a linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) basis set framework. Numerical results obtained from our LCAO implementation, for the electronic response of periodic systems to both weak and intense laser fields, are compared to those obtained from established real-space grid and Full-Potential Linearized Augmented Planewave approaches. As a result, potential applications of the LCAO based scheme in the context ofmore » extreme ultra-violet and soft X-ray spectroscopies involving core-electronic excitations are discussed.« less

Indigenous Storytelling and Participatory Action Research: Allies Toward Decolonization? Reflections From the Peoples' International Health Tribunal.

PubMed

Caxaj, C Susana

2015-01-01

Storytelling, in its various forms, has often been described as a practice with great emancipatory potential. In turn, Indigenous knowledge shows great promise in guiding a participatory action research (PAR) methodology. Yet these two approaches are rarely discussed in relation to one another, nor, has much been written in terms of how these two approaches may work synergistically toward a decolonizing research approach. In this article, I report on a community-driven knowledge translation activity, the Peoples' International Health Tribunal, as an exemplar of how narrative and PAR approaches, guided by local Indigenous knowledge, have great potential to build methodologically and ethically robust research processes. Implications for building globally relevant research alliances and scholarship are further discussed, particularly in relation to working with Indigenous communities.

[Complex diagnostic of cognitive impairment].

PubMed

Emelin, A Yu; Lobzin, V Yu

2017-01-01

In this article, the authors discussed the various aspects of pre-dementia stages of cognitive impairment, predominantly of neurodegenerative etiology. The modern conception of the pathophysiology of initial stages of cognitive impairment, the potential for lifetime pathological markers of amyloidosis and neurodegeneration are discussed. The authors proposed to use the concept of 'early signs of cognitive impairment'. The algorithm of the complex early diagnosis of cognitive impairment as well as the opportunities and prospects of clinical, neuropsychological, neuroimaging and laboratory examination methods are presented. The data on main diseases characterized by cognitive impairment and prospects for the use of new highly informative methods for early and differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and vascular cognitive impairment are discussed.

Social workers' role in disease management.

PubMed

Claiborne, N; Vandenburgh, H

2001-11-01

This article discusses social work's participation in a new paradigm for health care delivery, disease management. Attempts to improve health care quality havefocused on evidence-based methods of evaluating health care outcomes as well as quality of life issues with which social workers have been traditionally concerned. The fit between social work's ecological perspective and disease management and the needfor social workers to participate as patient case managers on interdisciplinary disease management teams are discussed. Quality and cost benefits can occur when social workers address such issues as adherence, psychosocialfactors, and depression in terms of the patient's global recovery and concurrent enhancement of quality of life. Potential barriers to disease management implementation with social work participation are discussed.

Gambling Disorder in Veterans: A Review of the Literature and Implications for Future Research.

PubMed

Levy, Lauren; Tracy, J Kathleen

2018-02-09

To review the scientific literature examining gambling behavior in military veterans in order to summarize factors associated with gambling behavior in this population. Database searches were employed to identify articles specifically examining gambling behavior in military veterans. Cumulative search results identified 52 articles (1983-2017) examining gambling behavior in veteran populations. Articles generally fell into one or more of the following categories: prevalence, psychological profiles and psychiatric comorbidities, treatment evaluations, measurement, and genetic contributions to gambling disorder. Results from reviewed articles are presented and implications for future research discussed. Research to date has provided an excellent foundation to inform potential screening, intervention and research activities going forward. The authors suggest that a public health approach to future research endeavors would strengthen the evidence base regarding gambling in veteran populations and better inform strategies for screening, prevention and treatment.

Topical antibiotics: therapeutic value or ecologic mischief?

PubMed

Del Rosso, James Q; Kim, Grace K

2009-01-01

Based on antibiotic prescribing data from 2003, dermatologists account annually for 8-9 million prescriptions for oral antibiotics, and 3-4 million prescriptions for topical antibiotics. Overall, much of the emphasis on concerns related to emergence of clinically significant antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains focuses on use of systemic antibiotics, however, topical antibiotic use may also have potential implications. The following article discusses the perspectives of the authors related to the potential therapeutic benefits and ecologic implications ("ecologic mischief") of topical antibiotic therapy for specific indications encountered in ambulatory dermatology practice.

Residential energy use in Mexico: Structure, evolution, environmental impacts, and savings potential

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Masera, O.; Friedmann, R.; deBuen, O.

This article examines the characteristics of residential energy use in Mexico, its environmental impacts, and the savings potential of the major end-uses. The main options and barriers to increase the efficiency of energy use are discussed. The energy analysis is based on a disaggregation of residential energy use by end-uses. The dynamics of the evolution of the residential energy sector during the past 20 years are also addressed when the information is available. Major areas for research and for innovative decision-making are identified and prioritized.

High intensity focused ultrasound vs. cryotherapy as primary treatment for prostate cancer

PubMed Central

Ranjan, Pratyush; Saurabh, Gyan; Bansal, Rahul; Gupta, Amit

2008-01-01

Prostate cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers. Here, we will be discussing two upcoming techniques for its management. One is cryotherapy which has returned from oblivion after nearly 150 years armed with latest technology and looking as if its full potential has been recognized now. On the other hand is high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), the application of ultrasound to this field is relatively new and hence a lot of excitement and hope. We searched MEDLINE (PubMed 1942-2005), reference lists of retrieved articles, urology textbooks and our own data looking for studies comparing cryotherapy and HIFU. From 81 titles or abstracts, two independent reviewers identified 50 as potentially relevant. Disagreement was resolved by discussion involving the third reviewer and we finally identified 45 articles. Full reports of 45 articles were retrieved and final selection was made by the same two independent reviewers using the same criteria as for the initial selection. Data were extracted and methodological qualities of selected studies were reviewed by two independent reviewers. Qualitative analysis and synthesis were done. Treatment options depend upon the age of patient, grade of tumor and expectations out of treatment. Patient choice governs the treatment actually to be given. It is the selection of a patient for a particular treatment option that decides how favorable the outcome is going to be. Both these techniques are relatively new and they look promising but both lack long-term data to prove their efficacy. PMID:19468352

HIV cure research: print and online media reporting in Australia.

PubMed

Power, Jennifer; Fileborn, Bianca; Dowsett, Gary W; Lucke, Jayne; Brown, Graham; Ellard, Jeanne; Lewin, Sharon R; Tucker, Joseph D; Slavin, Sean; Sugarman, Jeremy; Hill, Sophie

2017-10-01

While still in its early stages, recent scientific research towards a cure for HIV has generated widespread media interest. The aim of this paper was to explore the ways in which this research has been represented in Australian print and online media and discuss implications of this. A search of databases from four selected media outlets was conducted to identify published articles that directly discussed HIV cure research. Content analysis was used to explore the discursive framing of HIV cure research and identify the presence or absence of people living with HIV in articles. In total, 95 articles were identified that had been published in print or online between 2007 and 2015. Media reports tended to focus on research breakthroughs or the future potential of HIV cure research, rather than more immediate implications of research findings. While not inaccurate, this focus often implied the field of HIV cure research was more advanced than was generally the case. There was a notable absence of commentary from people living with HIV or community advocates in media reporting. Media reporting may generate unrealistic expectations of HIV cure research. This raises ethical concerns that media reporting may inadvertently contribute to therapeutic or curative misconceptions among potential participants in HIV cure-related trials. To address this, scientists, HIV advocates and people living with HIV will need to work collaboratively to engage with reporters and media outlets to provide more consistent input and guidance into reporting about research towards a cure for HIV.

And the Winner Is: Inviting Hollywood into the Neuroscience Classroom

PubMed Central

Wiertelak, Eric P.

2002-01-01

Both short excerpts from, and full-length presentation of feature films have been used with success in undergraduate instruction. Studies of such use of films has revealed that incorporation of film viewing within courses can promote both content mastery and the development of critical thinking skills. This article discusses and provides examples of successful use of two methods that may be used to incorporate a variety of full-length feature films into neuroscience instruction. One, the “neuro-cinema” pairs the presentation of a film featuring extensive neuroscience content with primary literature reading assignments, group discussion and writing exercises. The second, a neuroscience film series, features group discussion of movies of perhaps more limited relevance to neuroscience. An additional goal of this article is provide the reader with initial resources for the selection of potential film titles for use in neuroscience education. Three extensive tables are included to provide a wide range of title suggestions appropriate for use in activities such as the neuro-cinema, the neuroscience film series, or for more limited use as short “clips” in classroom instruction. PMID:23493171

Metasynthesis findings: potential versus reality.

PubMed

Finfgeld-Connett, Deborah

2014-11-01

Early on, qualitative researchers predicted that metasynthesis research had the potential to significantly push knowledge development forward. More recently, scholars have questioned whether this is actually occurring. To examine this concern, a randomly selected sample of metasynthesis articles was systematically reviewed to identify the types of findings that have been produced. Based on this systematic examination, it appears that findings from metasynthesis investigations might not be reaching their full potential. Metasynthesis investigations frequently result in isolated findings rather than findings in relationship, and opportunities to generate research hypotheses and theoretical models are not always fully realized. With this in mind, methods for moving metasynthesis findings into relationship are discussed. © The Author(s) 2014.

σ-holes and π-holes: Similarities and differences.

PubMed

Politzer, Peter; Murray, Jane S

2018-04-05

σ-Holes and π-holes are regions of molecules with electronic densities lower than their surroundings. There are often positive electrostatic potentials associated with them. Through these potentials, the molecule can interact attractively with negative sites, such as lone pairs, π electrons, and anions. Such noncovalent interactions, "σ-hole bonding" and "π-hole bonding," are increasingly recognized as being important in a number of different areas. In this article, we discuss and compare the natures and characteristics of σ-holes and π-holes, and factors that influence the strengths and locations of the resulting electrostatic potentials. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The Potential of Inhibitors of Endocannabinoid Metabolism for Drug Development: A Critical Review.

PubMed

Fowler, Christopher J

2015-01-01

The endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol are metabolised by both hydrolytic enzymes (primarily fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL)) and oxygenating enzymes (e.g. cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2). In the present article, the in vivo data for compounds inhibiting endocannabinoid metabolism have been reviewed, focussing on inflammation and pain. Potential reasons for the failure of an FAAH inhibitor in a clinical trial in patients with osteoarthritic pain are discussed. It is concluded that there is a continued potential for compounds inhibiting endocannabinoid metabolism in terms of drug development, but that it is wise not to be unrealistic in terms of expectations of success.

Idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields: a content analysis of British newspaper reports.

PubMed

Eldridge-Thomas, Buffy; Rubin, G James

2013-01-01

Idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (IEI-EMF) is a controversial condition in which people describe symptoms following exposure to electromagnetic fields from everyday electrical devices. However, double-blind experiments have found no convincing evidence that electromagnetic fields cause these symptoms. In this study, we assessed whether recent newspaper reporting in the UK reflected this scientific evidence. We searched a database of newspaper articles to identify all those that contained IEI-EMF related keywords and selected a random sample of 60 for content analysis. For our primary outcomes, we assessed how many articles mainly or wholly presented an electromagnetic cause for IEI-EMF and how many discussed unproven treatments for the condition such as strategies intended to reduce exposure to electromagnetic fields or the use of complementary and alternative therapies. We also assessed whether the type of information source used by a newspaper article (e.g. scientist, person with IEI-EMF, politician) or the type of newspaper (broadsheet, tabloid, local or regional) was associated with either outcome. Of the 60 articles, 43 (71.7%) presented a mainly electromagnetic cause, compared to 13 (21.7%) which presented mainly non-electromagnetic causes and 4 (6.7%) which did not discuss a cause. 29 (48.3%) did not mention any potential treatment, while 24 (40.0%) mentioned eletromagnetic field related strategies and 12 (20.0%) mentioned complementary or alternative therapies. Articles which quoted someone with IEI-EMF were significantly more likely to report an electromagnetic cause and to present unproven treatments. Those which used a scientist as a source were more likely to present a non-electromagnetic cause for the condition. The widespread poor reporting we identified is disappointing and has the potential for to encourage more people to misattribute their symptoms to electromagnetic fields. Scientists should remain engaged with the media to counteract this effect.

The potential of tissue engineering for developing alternatives to animal experiments: a systematic review.

PubMed

de Vries, Rob B M; Leenaars, Marlies; Tra, Joppe; Huijbregtse, Robbertjan; Bongers, Erik; Jansen, John A; Gordijn, Bert; Ritskes-Hoitinga, Merel

2015-07-01

An underexposed ethical issue raised by tissue engineering is the use of laboratory animals in tissue engineering research. Even though this research results in suffering and loss of life in animals, tissue engineering also has great potential for the development of alternatives to animal experiments. With the objective of promoting a joint effort of tissue engineers and alternative experts to fully realise this potential, this study provides the first comprehensive overview of the possibilities of using tissue-engineered constructs as a replacement of laboratory animals. Through searches in two large biomedical databases (PubMed, Embase) and several specialised 3R databases, 244 relevant primary scientific articles, published between 1991 and 2011, were identified. By far most articles reviewed related to the use of tissue-engineered skin/epidermis for toxicological applications such as testing for skin irritation. This review article demonstrates, however, that the potential for the development of alternatives also extends to other tissues such as other epithelia and the liver, as well as to other fields of application such as drug screening and basic physiology. This review discusses which impediments need to be overcome to maximise the contributions that the field of tissue engineering can make, through the development of alternative methods, to the reduction of the use and suffering of laboratory animals. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Energy efficiency, human behavior, and economic growth: Challenges to cutting energy demand to sustainable levels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Santarius, Tilman

2015-03-01

Increasing energy efficiency in households, transportation, industries, and services is an important strategy to reduce energy service demand to levels that allow the steep reduction of greenhouse gases, and a full fledged switch of energy systems to a renewable basis. Yet, technological efficiency improvements may generate so-called rebound effects, which may `eat up' parts of the technical savings potential. This article provides a comprehensive review of existing research on these effects, raises critiques, and points out open questions. It introduces micro-economic rebound effect and suggests extending consumer-side analysis to incorporate potential `psychological rebound effects.' It then discusses meso-economic rebound effects, i.e. producer-side and market-level rebounds, which so far have achieved little attention in the literature. Finally, the article critically reviews evidence for macro-economic rebound effects as energy efficiency-induced economic growth impacts. For all three categories, the article summarizes assessments of their potential quantitative scope, while pointing out remaining methodological weaknesses and open questions. As a rough "rule of thumb", in the long term and on gross average, only half the technical savings potential of across-the-board efficiency improvements may actually be achieved in the real world. Policies that aim at cutting energy service demand to sustainable levels are well advised to take due note of detrimental behavioral and economic growth impacts, and should foster policies and measures that can contain them.

Quantitative characterization of surface topography using spectral analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jacobs, Tevis D. B.; Junge, Till; Pastewka, Lars

2017-03-01

Roughness determines many functional properties of surfaces, such as adhesion, friction, and (thermal and electrical) contact conductance. Recent analytical models and simulations enable quantitative prediction of these properties from knowledge of the power spectral density (PSD) of the surface topography. The utility of the PSD is that it contains statistical information that is unbiased by the particular scan size and pixel resolution chosen by the researcher. In this article, we first review the mathematical definition of the PSD, including the one- and two-dimensional cases, and common variations of each. We then discuss strategies for reconstructing an accurate PSD of a surface using topography measurements at different size scales. Finally, we discuss detecting and mitigating artifacts at the smallest scales, and computing upper/lower bounds on functional properties obtained from models. We accompany our discussion with virtual measurements on computer-generated surfaces. This discussion summarizes how to analyze topography measurements to reconstruct a reliable PSD. Analytical models demonstrate the potential for tuning functional properties by rationally tailoring surface topography—however, this potential can only be achieved through the accurate, quantitative reconstruction of the PSDs of real-world surfaces.

Reading Balint group work through Lacan's theory of the four discourses.

PubMed

Van Roy, Kaatje; Marché-Paillé, Anne; Geerardyn, Filip; Vanheule, Stijn

2016-02-05

In Balint groups, (para)medical professionals explore difficult interactions with patients by means of case presentations and discussions. As the process of Balint group work is not well understood, this article investigates Balint group meetings by making use of Lacan's theory of the four discourses. Five Balint group case presentations and their subsequent group discussion were studied, resulting in the observation of five crucial aspects of Balint group work. First, Balint group participants brought puzzlement to the group, which is indicative of the structural impossibility Lacan situates at the basis of all discourse (1). As for the group discussion, we emphasize 'hysterization' as a crucial process in Balint group work (2), the supporting role of the discourse of the analyst (3) and the centrality of discourse interactions (4). Finally, the potential transformation of the initial puzzlement is discussed (5). We conclude by putting forth the uniqueness of Balint group work as well as the potential usefulness of our analysis as a framework for Balint group leaders and professionals in charge of continuing medical education. © The Author(s) 2016.

Companion piece: Convention on the Rights of the Child special protection measures: overview of implications and value for children in the United States.

PubMed

Svevo-Cianci, Kimberly; Velazquez, Sonia C

2010-01-01

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is an international treaty that commits ratifying states parties to uphold the rights of all children under the age of 18. This article discusses the issues of highest relevance to the United States and reviews the pros and cons of ratifying, from the perspective of the convention's intent and potential, sovereignty of states, and national public policies, and regarding the special protection recommended for particularly vulnerable children. Specific implementation issues discussed include training, accountability, and monitoring.

Applications of nanotechnology in gastric cancer: detection and prevention by nutrition.

PubMed

Elingarami, Sauli; Liu, Ming; Fan, Jing; He, Nongyue

2014-01-01

New and emerging technologies, such as nanotechnology, have the potential to advance nutrition science by assisting in the discovery, development, and delivery of several intervention strategies to improve health and reduce the risk and complications of several diseases, including gastric cancer. This article reviews gastric cancer in relation to nutrition, discussing gastric carcinogenesis in-depth in relation to prevention of the disease by nutrition, as well as current detection approaches using nanotechnology. The current status of molecular nutritional biomarkers for gastric cancer is also discussed, as well as future strategies for the tailored management of gastric cancer.

Clindamycin phosphate-tretinoin combination gel revisited: status report on a specific formulation used for acne treatment.

PubMed

Del Rosso, James Q

2017-03-01

Topical agents, including retinoids and antibiotics, are commonly used to treat acne vulgaris (AV) and remain as components of acne treatment guidelines. Approved topical combination formulations offer the advantages of established efficacy, decreased frequency of application, and improved convenience for patients. This article discusses both clindamycin phosphate (CP) and tretinoin (Tret) as components of a topical aqueous-based combination gel that has been shown to be effective, safe, and well tolerated for treatment of facial AV. Clinically relevant considerations with use of this treatment are also discussed, including therapeutic advantages and potential limitations.

Play therapy and art therapy for substance abuse clients who have a history of incest victimization.

PubMed

Glover, N M

1999-06-01

This article discusses the use of play therapy and art therapy treatment techniques for persons in substance abuse treatment who have a history of incest victimization. While substance abuse treatment focuses on substance abuse, neglecting to address issues related to past incest contact may increase the potential for relapse. This population displays unique characteristics that may prevent them from participating in, or benefitting from, traditional treatment modalities (which are highly dependent upon the verbal interactions between clients and therapists). Play therapy and art therapy are discussed in terms of history, rationale, and benefits to clients.

Pervasive mobile healthcare systems for chronic disease monitoring.

PubMed

Huzooree, Geshwaree; Kumar Khedo, Kavi; Joonas, Noorjehan

2017-05-01

Pervasive mobile healthcare system has the potential to improve healthcare and the quality of life of chronic disease patients through continuous monitoring. Recently, many articles related to pervasive mobile healthcare system focusing on health monitoring using wireless technologies have been published. The main aim of this review is to evaluate the state-of-the-art pervasive mobile healthcare systems to identify major technical requirements and design challenges associated with the realization of a pervasive mobile healthcare system. A systematic literature review was conducted over IEEE Xplore Digital Library to evaluate 20 pervasive mobile healthcare systems out of 683 articles from 2011 to 2016. The classification of the pervasive mobile healthcare systems and other important factors are discussed. Potential opportunities and challenges are pointed out for the further deployment of effective pervasive mobile healthcare systems. This article helps researchers in health informatics to have a holistic view toward understanding pervasive mobile healthcare systems and points out new technological trends and design challenges that researchers have to consider when designing such systems for better adoption, usability, and seamless integration.

Disassembling archeology, reassembling the modern world.

PubMed

Carruthers, William; Van Damme, Stéphane

2017-09-01

This article provides a substantive discussion of the relevance of the history of archeology to the history of science. At the same time, the article introduces the papers contained in this special issue as exemplars of this relevance. To make its case, the article moves through various themes in the history of archeology that overlap with key issues in the history of science. The article discusses the role and tension of regimes of science in antiquarian and archeological practices, and also considers issues of scale and place, particularly in relation to the field. Additionally, the piece attends to issues of professionalization and the constitution of an archeological public, at the same time as discussing issues of empire, colonialism, and the circulation of knowledge. Meanwhile, enriching discussions within and beyond the history of science, the article discusses the history of archeology and its relationship with museums, collecting, and material culture and materiality. Finally, the piece discusses the relationship of the history of archeology with wider discussions about scientific ethics. In conclusion, the article questions whether we should speak of 'the history of archeology' at all.

Mergers and acquisitions: new arrangements in health care. Part 1.

PubMed

Grant, E A

1988-02-01

Mergers and acquisitions are assuming a more important role in the healthcare industry today. These transactions require various issues be considered, such as valuation, capital planning, and so forth. In this article, the first in a five-part series on mergers and acquisitions, the fundamental methods and techniques of valuation are discussed. Some of these valuation methods, including comparative market transactions and free cash flow, are explained and examples are used to help potential purchasers and sellers to determine an organization's true value. Other articles in this series will include legal issues, tax implications, purchase investigations, and capital planning for mergers and acquisitions.

Online Treatment and Virtual Therapists in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

PubMed

Schueller, Stephen M; Stiles-Shields, Colleen; Yarosh, Lana

2017-01-01

Online and virtual therapies are a well-studied and efficacious treatment option for various mental and behavioral health conditions among children and adolescents. However, many interventions have not considered the unique affordances offered by technologies that might align with the capacities and interests of youth users. In this article, the authors discuss learnings from child-computer interaction that can inform future generations of interventions and guide developers, practitioners, and researchers how to best use new technologies for youth populations. The article concludes with innovative examples illustrating future potentials of online and virtual therapies such as gaming and social networking. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Investigating incidents of EHR failures in China: analysis of search engine reports.

PubMed

Lei, Jianbo; Guan, Pengcheng; Gao, Kaihua; Lu, Xueqing; Sittig, Dean

2013-01-01

As the healthcare industry becomes increasingly dependent on information technology (IT), the failure of computerized systems could cause catastrophic effects on patient safety. We conducted an empirical study to analyze news articles available on the internet using Baidu and Google. 116 distinct EHR outage news reports were identified. We examined characteristics, potential causes, and possible preventive strategies. Risk management strategies based are discussed.

A Look over the Wall: Using the Graphic Novel "Drüben!" To Teach Linguistic, Literary, Cultural, and Visual Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ludewig, Julia

2017-01-01

This article discusses the potential and challenges of teaching a second-semester German class with Simon Schwartz's graphic novel "drüben!" (2009) alongside a traditional textbook. While the class explored linguistic, literary, and cultural-historical aspects of "drüben!," a GDR-themed family memoir, the focus here is on those…

Laparoscopic approach for inflammatory bowel disease surgical managment.

PubMed

Maggiori, Léon; Panis, Yves

2012-01-01

For IBD surgical management, laparoscopic approach offers several theoretical advantages over the open approach. However, the frequent presence of adhesions from previous surgery and the high rate of inflammatory lesions have initially questioned its feasibility and safety. In the present review article, we will discuss the role of laparoscopic approach for IBD surgical management, along with its potential benefits as compared to the open approach.

Home automation in the workplace.

PubMed

McCormack, J E; Tello, S F

1994-01-01

Environmental control units and home automation devices contribute to the independence and potential of individuals with disabilities, both at work and at home. Devices currently exist that can assist people with physical, cognitive, and sensory disabilities to control lighting, appliances, temperature, security, and telephone communications. This article highlights several possible applications for these technologies and discusses emerging technologies that will increase the benefits these devices offer people with disabilities.

Algae-Based Biofuel Distribution System to Service the Department of Defense in Hawaii

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-01

reliance on global sources of petroleum fuels by increasing use of alternative fuels. News articles were gathered that contained public statements... markets to reduce shared risks among stakeholders, discussion of scalability potential based on existing biofuels industry capabilities in Hawaii, and...biofuels objective given the growing economies of foreign entities within their operating regions and the highly volatile petroleum market . These

Place-Based Investment Model of Talent Development: A Proposed Model for Developing and Reinvesting Talents within the Community

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Paul, Kristina Ayers; Seward, Kristen K.

2016-01-01

The place-based investment model (PBIM) of talent development is a programming model for developing talents of high-potential youth in ways that could serve as an investment in the community. In this article, we discuss the PBIM within rural contexts. The model is grounded in three theories--Moon's personal talent development theory, Sternberg's…

The Use of Electronic Voting Systems in Lectures within Business and Marketing: A Case Study of Their Impact on Student Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Masikunas, George; Panayiotidis, Andreas; Burke, Linda

2007-01-01

This article presents a case study of the impact on student learning of introducing an electronic voting system (EVS) into large-group lectures for first-year undergraduate students undertaking degrees in marketing and business systems. We discuss the potential for using EVS-style interactive lectures in marketing and business programmes. We then…

Assuming Agency: The Power of Strategy and Networks in the Professional Lives of Faculty

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Terosky, Aimee LaPointe; O'Meara, KerryAnn

2011-01-01

In this article, the authors discuss some manifestations of agency in the faculty career and the potential importance of its role in faculty career development. They define faculty professional growth as a change occurring in a person throughout his or her career and life that allows him or her to bring new and diverse knowledge, skills, values,…

Prevalence and Citation Advantage of Gold Open Access in the Subject Areas of the Scopus Database

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dorta-González, Pablo; Santana-Jiménez, Yolanda

2018-01-01

The potential benefit of open access (OA) in relation to citation impact has been discussed in the literature in depth. The methodology used to test the OA citation advantage includes comparing OA vs. non-OA journal impact factors and citations of OA vs. non-OA articles published in the same non-OA journals. However, one problem with many studies…

Mobile Storytelling and Informal Education in a Suburban Area: A Qualitative Study on the Potential of Digital Narratives for Young Second-Generation Immigrants

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ranieri, Maria; Bruni, Isabella

2013-01-01

The article discusses an action-research study focused on developing participatory attitudes and the self-expression skills of a group ("N"?=?15) of second-generation immigrant adolescents who live in an urban suburb in Italy. The research study was based on mobile storytelling, a practice of personal multimedia storytelling conducted…

Optical Head-Mounted Computer Display for Education, Research, and Documentation in Hand Surgery.

PubMed

Funk, Shawn; Lee, Donald H

2016-01-01

Intraoperative photography and capturing videos is important for the hand surgeon. Recently, optical head-mounted computer display has been introduced as a means of capturing photographs and videos. In this article, we discuss this new technology and review its potential use in hand surgery. Copyright © 2016 American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a state of the art technique.

PubMed

Mansour, R

1998-01-01

Of the micromanipulation techniques developed in the twentieth century, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has been the major breakthrough in the field of assisted fertilization. This article reviews the indications for the use of ICSI, its clinical application, the establishment of an ICSI programme including protocol and the results obtained since the introduction of ICSI and the potential risks. In addition, intracytoplasmic spermatid injection is briefly discussed.

Procedural and Indwelling Complications with Inferior Vena Cava Filters: Frequency, Etiology, and Management

PubMed Central

Milovanovic, Lazar; Kennedy, Sean A.; Midia, Mehran

2015-01-01

Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are commonly used in select high-risk patients for the prevention of pulmonary embolism. Potentially serious complications can arise from the use of IVC filters, including thrombosis of the filter itself and filter fragment embolization. This article discusses the utility of IVC filters and reviews the management of two cases of filter-related complications. PMID:25762846

Contraindications to vasoconstrictors in dentistry: Part III. Pharmacologic interactions.

PubMed

Goulet, J P; Pérusse, R; Turcotte, J Y

1992-11-01

This article discusses the relative contraindications to the use of vasoconstrictor in patients currently medicated with tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, phenothiazines and beta-blockers. It reviews drug interactions and emphasizes potential detrimental systemic effects that epinephrine contained in local anesthetics can have when administered concomitantly with these drugs. Finally, special considerations are expressed concerning patients who abuse illicit drugs such as cocaine.

A career in surgical oncology: finding meaning, balance, and personal satisfaction.

PubMed

Shanafelt, Tait

2008-02-01

The practice of surgical oncology provides opportunities for both personal distress as well as personal satisfaction. While many surgical oncologists experience career burnout, others derive great meaning and satisfaction from their work. In this article, we review the literature on surgeon burnout, discuss potential personal and professional consequences, and consider steps individual surgeons can take to promote personal and professional satisfaction.

A Career in Surgical Oncology: Finding Meaning, Balance, and Personal Satisfaction

PubMed Central

2007-01-01

The practice of surgical oncology provides opportunities for both personal distress as well as personal satisfaction. While many surgical oncologists experience career burnout, others derive great meaning and satisfaction from their work. In this article, we review the literature on surgeon burnout, discuss potential personal and professional consequences, and consider steps individual surgeons can take to promote personal and professional satisfaction. PMID:18071823

The White House BRAIN Initiative has the potential to further strengthen multidisciplinary research and training in psychology.

PubMed

Flattau, Pamela

2014-12-01

Comments on the original article by Robiner et al. (see record 2014-07939-001) regarding psychologists in medical schools and academic medical center settings. The current authors also discuss how to advance training in psychology using the Brain Research Through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).

Conflict in the dialysis clinic.

PubMed

Payton, Jennifer

2014-01-01

Conflict is common in healthcare settings and can affect the functioning of a dialysis clinic. Unresolved conflict can decrease staff productivity and teamwork, and potentially decrease the quality of patient care. This article discusses the causes and effects of conflict, describes the five basic conflict-handling styles that can be useful when dealing with conflict (avoidance, accommodation, competing, compromise, and collaboration), and provides resources for resolving patient-provider conflict.

Stimulating innovations in the measurement of parenting constructs.

PubMed

Mâsse, Louise C; Watts, Allison W

2013-08-01

Parents can play a crucial role in the development of children's behaviors associated with dietary habits, physical activity, and sedentary lifestyles. Many parenting practices and/or styles measures have been developed; however, there is little agreement as to how the influence of parenting should be measured. More importantly, our ability to relate parenting practices and/or styles to children's behaviors depends on its accurate assessment. While there is a need to standardize our assessment to further advance knowledge in this area, this article will discuss areas that may stimulate advances in the measurement of parenting constructs. Because self-report measures are important for the assessment of parenting, this article discusses whether solutions to improve self-report measures may lie in: (1) Improving the questions asked; (2) improving the methods used to correct for social desirability or measurement errors; (3) changing our measurement paradigm to assess implicit parenting behaviors; (4) changing how self-report is collected by taking advantage of ecological momentary assessment methods; (5) using better psychometric methods to validate parenting measures or alternatively using advances in psychometric methods, such as item banking and computerized adaptive testing, to solve common administration issues (i.e., response burden and comparability of results across studies); and (6) employing novel technologies to collect data such as portable technologies, gaming, and virtual reality simulation. This article will briefly discuss the potential of technologies to measure parenting constructs.

Stimulating Innovations in the Measurement of Parenting Constructs

PubMed Central

Watts, Allison W.

2013-01-01

Abstract Parents can play a crucial role in the development of children's behaviors associated with dietary habits, physical activity, and sedentary lifestyles. Many parenting practices and/or styles measures have been developed; however, there is little agreement as to how the influence of parenting should be measured. More importantly, our ability to relate parenting practices and/or styles to children's behaviors depends on its accurate assessment. While there is a need to standardize our assessment to further advance knowledge in this area, this article will discuss areas that may stimulate advances in the measurement of parenting constructs. Because self-report measures are important for the assessment of parenting, this article discusses whether solutions to improve self-report measures may lie in: (1) Improving the questions asked; (2) improving the methods used to correct for social desirability or measurement errors; (3) changing our measurement paradigm to assess implicit parenting behaviors; (4) changing how self-report is collected by taking advantage of ecological momentary assessment methods; (5) using better psychometric methods to validate parenting measures or alternatively using advances in psychometric methods, such as item banking and computerized adaptive testing, to solve common administration issues (i.e., response burden and comparability of results across studies); and (6) employing novel technologies to collect data such as portable technologies, gaming, and virtual reality simulation. This article will briefly discuss the potential of technologies to measure parenting constructs. PMID:23944924

[Neurobiology of learning and memory and anti-dementia drug].

PubMed

Ishikawa, K

1995-08-01

Discoveries of long-term potentiation and immediate early gene in the central nervous system have enabled new developments in experiments on learning and memory. These experiments are conducted in many kinds of animals with different procedures, physiology, chemistry and pharmacology. However, there is still some confusion when these various procedures are discussed. Memory is defined as information storage of an animal's previous experiences. The memory induces changes in behavioral performance. This means that memory must be observed in whole animals, and one question that can occur is how does long-term potentiation, for example, correlate with memory. Furthermore, memory has been divided into two major classifications, declarative and non-declarative, from the comparison of amnesias observed in humans and animals. The declarative memory can be observed in human subjects, but not in animals. This article presents a neuronal circuit concerning memory formation and some results obtained from benzodiazepines, and it discusses some problems encountered executing when experiments on learning and memory. In addition, the discussion speculates over the possibility for an "anti-dementia drug".

A Content Analysis of Smokeless Tobacco Coverage in U.S. Newspapers and News Wires

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Introduction: Research attention on smokeless tobacco (SLT) has focused on SLT use, health risks, harm-reduction potential, and risk perceptions, but few studies have examined mediated communications about SLT. This study aims to contribute to the literature by providing the first description of SLT coverage in the news, an important communication channel given its ability to educate and shape public opinion about tobacco issues. Methods: A content analysis was conducted on SLT-related news and opinion articles between 2006 and 2010 from top circulating national and state newspapers and select news wires. Articles were coded for the main SLT topic, SLT risk references, and slant of opinion articles. Results: SLT was discussed in news/feature articles (n = 677) in terms of business (28%), new products, product regulation and harm reduction (19%), prevention/cessation (11.4%), taxation (10.2%), profiles/trends in use (9%), bans (8.1%), and tobacco industry promotional activities (4.9%). Health risk references (i.e., addictiveness, carcinogenicity, and specific health effects including oral cancer) were found in 40% of articles, though frequency differed by article topic. Although the majority of opinion articles (n = 176) conveyed an anti-SLT slant (64%), 25.6% were pro-SLT. Conclusions: SLT topics of both national and local importance are covered in the news. Public health professionals can participate in SLT coverage by sending in press releases about new study findings, events, or resources and by submitting opinion pieces to share views or respond to previous coverage. Research on SLT news should continue given its potential to shape the public’s SLT knowledge and opinions. PMID:23288875

A Brief Targeted Review of Susceptibility Factors, Environmental Exposures, Asthma Incidence, and Recommendations for Future Asthma Incidence Research

PubMed Central

Yeatts, Karin; Sly, Peter; Shore, Stephanie; Weiss, Scott; Martinez, Fernando; Geller, Andrew; Bromberg, Philip; Enright, Paul; Koren, Hillel; Weissman, David; Selgrade, MaryJane

2006-01-01

Relative to research on effects of environmental exposures on exacerbation of existing asthma, little research on incident asthma and environmental exposures has been conducted. However, this research is needed to better devise strategies for the prevention of asthma. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences held a conference in October 2004 to collaboratively discuss a future research agenda in this area. The first three articles in this mini-monograph summarize the discussion on potential putative environmental exposure; they include an overview of asthma and conclusions of the workshop participants with respect to public health actions that could currently be applied to the problem and research needs to better understand and control the induction and incidence of asthma, the potential role of indoor/outdoor air pollutants in the induction of asthma), and biologics in the induction of asthma. Susceptibility is a key concept in the U.S. EPA “Asthma Research Strategy” document and is associated with the U.S. EPA framework of protecting vulnerable populations from potentially harmful environmental exposures. Genetics, age, and lifestyle (obesity, diet) are major susceptibility factors in the induction of asthma and can interact with environmental exposures either synergistically or antagonistically. Therefore, in this fourth and last article we consider a number of “susceptibility factors” that potentially influence the asthmatic response to environmental exposures and propose a framework for developing research hypotheses regarding the effects of environmental exposures on asthma incidence and induction. PMID:16581558

Beyond Ethical Frameworks: Using Moral Experimentation in the Engineering Ethics Classroom.

PubMed

Walling, Olivia

2015-12-01

Although undergraduate engineering ethics courses often include the development of moral sensitivity as a learning objective and the use of active learning techniques, teaching centers on the transmission of cognitive knowledge. This article describes a complementary assignment asking students to perform an ethics "experiment" on themselves that has a potential to enhance affective learning and moral imagination. The article argues that the focus on cognitive learning may not promote, and may even impair, our efforts to foster moral sensitivity. In contrast, the active learning assignments and exercises, like the ethics "experiment" discussed, offer great potential to expand the scope of instruction in engineering ethics to include ethical behavior as well as knowledge. Engineering ethics education needs to extend beyond the narrow range of human action associated with the technical work of the engineer and explore ways to draw on broader lifeworld experiences to enrich professional practice and identity.

The overview effect: the impact of space exploration on the evolution of nursing science.

PubMed

Butcher, H K; Forchuk, C

1992-01-01

The purpose of this article is to explore the overview effect, an experience evoked by space travel that has the capacity to transform all patterns of human existence and evolution toward greater potentials in human diversity and creativity. As nurses migrate with humanity into the solar system and beyond, they will experience the overview effect. The core components of the effect include changed perceptions of space, time, sound, and weight which have the potential to transform the evolution of nursing science. Nursing paradigms will encompass a view of humanity as integral with an infinite evolutionary universe. After generations of living in space in a diversity of new environments, the physical body will undergo radical changes, and the meaning of health will be transformed. The article concludes with a discussion on the parallels between Rogers' science of unitary human beings and the overview effect.

The transformative nature of transparency in research funding.

PubMed

Mietchen, Daniel

2014-12-01

Central to research funding are grant proposals that researchers send in to potential funders for review, in the hope of approval. A survey of policies at major research funders found that there is room for more transparency in the process of grant review, which would strengthen the case for the efficiency of public spending on research. On that basis, debate was invited on which transparency measures should be implemented and how, with some concrete suggestions at hand. The present article adds to this discussion by providing further context from the literature, along with considerations on the effect size of the proposed measures. The article then explores the option of opening to the public key components of the process, makes the case for pilot projects in this area, and sketches out the potential that such measures might have to transform the research landscape in those areas in which they are implemented.

The role of vegetation in mitigating air quality impacts from ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

On Apri1 27-28, 2019, a multi-disciplinary group of researchers and po1icymakers met to discuss the state-of-the-science regarding the potential of roadside vegetation to mitigate near-road air quality impacts. Concerns over population exposures to traffic-generated pollutants near roads have grown with an increasing number of health studies reporting links between proximity to roads and adverse health effects. A recent EM article described how roadway design, including the presence of roadside vegetation, may be a means of mitigating air pollutant concentrations near roads. As a first step in evaluating this concept, representatives from government agencies, academia, state and local agencies, and non-governmental environmental organizations with expertise in air quality, urban forestry, ecosystem services, and environmental policy reviewed the current science and identified future activities in evaluating the potential role of vegetation in mitigating near-road air pollutant concentrations. journal article

Unlocking Potentials of Microwaves for Food Safety and Quality

PubMed Central

Tang, Juming

2015-01-01

Microwave is an effective means to deliver energy to food through polymeric package materials, offering potential for developing short-time in-package sterilization and pasteurization processes. The complex physics related to microwave propagation and microwave heating require special attention to the design of process systems and development of thermal processes in compliance with regulatory requirements for food safety. This article describes the basic microwave properties relevant to heating uniformity and system design, and provides a historical overview on the development of microwave-assisted thermal sterilization (MATS) and pasteurization systems in research laboratories and used in food plants. It presents recent activities on the development of 915 MHz single-mode MATS technology, the procedures leading to regulatory acceptance, and sensory results of the processed products. The article discusses needs for further efforts to bridge remaining knowledge gaps and facilitate transfer of academic research to industrial implementation. PMID:26242920

Waste heat recovery systems in the sugar industry: An Indian perspective

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Madnaik, S.D.; Jadhav, M.G.

1996-04-01

This article identifies the key role of the sugar industry in the rural development of developing countries. The Indian sugar industry, already second largest among the country`s processing industries, shows even greater potential, according to the Plan Documents (shown in a table). The potential of waste heat in sugar processing plants, which produce white crystal sugar using the double sulphitation clarification process, is estimated at 5757.9 KJ/kg of sugar. Efficient waste heat recovery (WHR) systems could help arrest the trend of increasing production costs. This would help the sugar industry not only in India, but in many other countries asmore » well. The innovative methods suggested and discussed briefly in this article include dehydration of prepared cane, bagasse drying, and juice heating using waste heat. These methods can reduce the cost of energy in sugar production by at least 10% and improve efficiency and productivity.« less

Unlocking Potentials of Microwaves for Food Safety and Quality.

PubMed

Tang, Juming

2015-08-01

Microwave is an effective means to deliver energy to food through polymeric package materials, offering potential for developing short-time in-package sterilization and pasteurization processes. The complex physics related to microwave propagation and microwave heating require special attention to the design of process systems and development of thermal processes in compliance with regulatory requirements for food safety. This article describes the basic microwave properties relevant to heating uniformity and system design, and provides a historical overview on the development of microwave-assisted thermal sterilization (MATS) and pasteurization systems in research laboratories and used in food plants. It presents recent activities on the development of 915 MHz single-mode MATS technology, the procedures leading to regulatory acceptance, and sensory results of the processed products. The article discusses needs for further efforts to bridge remaining knowledge gaps and facilitate transfer of academic research to industrial implementation. © 2015 Institute of Food Technologists®

Time-Frequency Masking for Speech Separation and Its Potential for Hearing Aid Design

PubMed Central

Wang, DeLiang

2008-01-01

A new approach to the separation of speech from speech-in-noise mixtures is the use of time-frequency (T-F) masking. Originated in the field of computational auditory scene analysis, T-F masking performs separation in the time-frequency domain. This article introduces the T-F masking concept and reviews T-F masking algorithms that separate target speech from either monaural or binaural mixtures, as well as microphone-array recordings. The review emphasizes techniques that are promising for hearing aid design. This article also surveys recent studies that evaluate the perceptual effects of T-F masking techniques, particularly their effectiveness in improving human speech recognition in noise. An assessment is made of the potential benefits of T-F masking methods for the hearing impaired in light of the processing constraints of hearing aids. Finally, several issues pertinent to T-F masking are discussed. PMID:18974204

Social Media: Portrait of an Emerging Tool in Medical Education.

PubMed

Roy, Durga; Taylor, Jacob; Cheston, Christine C; Flickinger, Tabor E; Chisolm, Margaret S

2016-02-01

The authors compare the prevalence of challenges and opportunities in commentaries and descriptive accounts versus evaluative studies of social media use in medical education. A previously published report of social media use in medical education provided an in-depth discussion of 14 evaluative studies, a small subset of the total number of 99 articles on this topic. This study used the full set of articles identified by that review, including the 58 commentaries and 27 descriptive accounts which had not been previously reported, to provide a glimpse into how emerging tools in medical education are initially perceived. Each commentary, descriptive account, and evaluative study was identified and compared on various characteristics, including discussion themes regarding the challenges and opportunities of social media use in medical education. Themes related to the challenges of social media use in medical education were more prevalent in commentaries and descriptive accounts than in evaluative studies. The potential of social media to affect medical professionalism adversely was the most commonly discussed challenge in the commentaries (53%) and descriptive accounts (63%) in comparison to technical issues related to implementation in the evaluative studies (50%). Results suggest that the early body of literature on social media use in medical education-like that of previous innovative education tools-comprises primarily commentaries and descriptive accounts that focus more on the challenges of social media than on potential opportunities. These results place social media tools in historical context and lay the groundwork for expanding on this novel approach to medical education.

Text-based Analytics for Biosurveillance

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Charles, Lauren E.; Smith, William P.; Rounds, Jeremiah

The ability to prevent, mitigate, or control a biological threat depends on how quickly the threat is identified and characterized. Ensuring the timely delivery of data and analytics is an essential aspect of providing adequate situational awareness in the face of a disease outbreak. This chapter outlines an analytic pipeline for supporting an advanced early warning system that can integrate multiple data sources and provide situational awareness of potential and occurring disease situations. The pipeline, includes real-time automated data analysis founded on natural language processing (NLP), semantic concept matching, and machine learning techniques, to enrich content with metadata related tomore » biosurveillance. Online news articles are presented as an example use case for the pipeline, but the processes can be generalized to any textual data. In this chapter, the mechanics of a streaming pipeline are briefly discussed as well as the major steps required to provide targeted situational awareness. The text-based analytic pipeline includes various processing steps as well as identifying article relevance to biosurveillance (e.g., relevance algorithm) and article feature extraction (who, what, where, why, how, and when). The ability to prevent, mitigate, or control a biological threat depends on how quickly the threat is identified and characterized. Ensuring the timely delivery of data and analytics is an essential aspect of providing adequate situational awareness in the face of a disease outbreak. This chapter outlines an analytic pipeline for supporting an advanced early warning system that can integrate multiple data sources and provide situational awareness of potential and occurring disease situations. The pipeline, includes real-time automated data analysis founded on natural language processing (NLP), semantic concept matching, and machine learning techniques, to enrich content with metadata related to biosurveillance. Online news articles are presented as an example use case for the pipeline, but the processes can be generalized to any textual data. In this chapter, the mechanics of a streaming pipeline are briefly discussed as well as the major steps required to provide targeted situational awareness. The text-based analytic pipeline includes various processing steps as well as identifying article relevance to biosurveillance (e.g., relevance algorithm) and article feature extraction (who, what, where, why, how, and when).« less

Three-Dimensional Printing in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: A Systematic Review.

PubMed

Bauermeister, Adam J; Zuriarrain, Alexander; Newman, Martin I

2016-11-01

Increasingly affordable three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies now make it possible for surgeons to create highly customizable patient-tailored products. This process provides the potential to produce individualized artificial and biologic implants, regenerative scaffolds, and cell-specific replacement tissue and organs. The combination of accurate volumetric analysis and production of 3D printed biologic materials are evolving techniques that demonstrate great promise in achieving an accurate and naturally appearing anthropomorphic reconstruction. This systematic review summarizes the current published literature and known ongoing research on 3D printing in the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS). Three medical databases (PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and Google Scholar) as well as recent news articles and university websites were searched using PRS and industry-related search terms. Inclusion criteria consisted of any publication or reputable news or academic article in electronic or printed media directly studying or commenting on the use of 3D printing technology in relation to PRS. The current literature was critically appraised, and quality of selected articles was assessed and manually filtered for relevance by 2 reviewers. A total of 1092 articles were identified from the aforementioned sources discussing 3D printing in medicine. The 3D printing in relation to biologic and surgical applications was discussed in 226 articles. Within this subset, 103 articles were included in the review. Of those selected, 5 were pertinent to surgical planning, training, and patient education; 4 to upper extremity and hand prosthetics; 24 to bone and craniomaxillofacial (CMF) reconstruction; 10 to breast reconstruction; 20 to nose, ear, and cartilage reconstruction; 20 to skin; and finally 20 involving overlapping general topics in 3D printing and PRS. The 3D printing provides the ability to construct complex individualized implants that not only improve patient outcomes but also increase economic feasibility. The technology offers a potential level of accessibility that is paramount for remote and resource-limited locations where health care is most often limited. The 3D printing-based technologies will have an immense impact on the reconstruction of traumatic injuries, facial and limb prosthetic development, as well as advancements in biologic and synthetic implants.

The Challenges of Projecting the Public Health Impacts of Marijuana Legalization in Canada Comment on "Legalizing and Regulating Marijuana in Canada: Review of Potential Economic, Social, and Health Impacts".

PubMed

Lake, Stephanie; Kerr, Thomas

2016-09-10

A recent editorial in this journal provides a summary of key economic, social, and public health considerations of the forthcoming legislation to legalize, regulate, and restrict access to marijuana in Canada. As our government plans to implement an evidence-based public health framework for marijuana legalization, we reflect and expand on recent discussions of the public health implications of marijuana legalization, and offer additional points of consideration. We select two commonly cited public concerns of marijuana legalization - adolescent usage and impaired driving - and discuss how the underdeveloped and equivocal body of scientific literature surrounding these issues limits the ability to predict the effects of legalization. Finally, we discuss the potential for some potential public health benefits of marijuana legalization - specifically the potential for marijuana to be used as a substitute to opioids and other risky substance use - that have to date not received adequate attention. © 2017 The Author(s); Published by Kerman University of Medical Sciences. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

A review of Indian psychiatry research and ethics

PubMed Central

Agarwal, A. K.

2010-01-01

Ethics does not seem to be a favorite topic of Indian authors. Electronic search of the IJP web site could only identify six articles which were directly related to ethics. One article discussed the relationship of ethics religion and psychiatry. Another editorial discussed the concept of responsibility in psychiatrists. Other editorial discussed the truth about ‘truth serum’ in legal investigations. One article discussed the ethical aspects of published research. There were two articles that specifically discussed ethical aspects. This write-up provides some details about the ethical aspects of psychiatric practice, specific to India, and emphasizes the need to rediscover ethics in India. PMID:21836698

Biomarkers of PTSD: military applications and considerations.

PubMed

Lehrner, Amy; Yehuda, Rachel

2014-01-01

Although there are no established biomarkers for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as yet, biological investigations of PTSD have made progress identifying the pathophysiology of PTSD. Given the biological and clinical complexity of PTSD, it is increasingly unlikely that a single biomarker of disease will be identified. Rather, investigations will more likely identify different biomarkers that indicate the presence of clinically significant PTSD symptoms, associate with risk for PTSD following trauma exposure, and predict or identify recovery. While there has been much interest in PTSD biomarkers, there has been less discussion of their potential clinical applications, and of the social, legal, and ethical implications of such biomarkers. This article will discuss possible applications of PTSD biomarkers, including the social, legal, and ethical implications of such biomarkers, with an emphasis on military applications. Literature on applications of PTSD biomarkers and on potential ethical and legal implications will be reviewed. Biologically informed research findings hold promise for prevention, assessment, treatment planning, and the development of prophylactic and treatment interventions. As with any biological indicator of disorder, there are potentially positive and negative clinical, social, legal, and ethical consequences of using such biomarkers. Potential clinical applications of PTSD biomarkers hold promise for clinicians, patients, and employers. The search for biomarkers of PTSD should occur in tandem with an interdisciplinary discussion regarding the potential implications of applying biological findings in clinical and employment settings.

Fault Current Distribution and Pole Earth Potential Rise (EPR) Under Substation Fault

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nnassereddine, M.; Rizk, J.; Hellany, A.; Nagrial, M.

2013-09-01

New high-voltage (HV) substations are fed by transmission lines. The position of these lines necessitates earthing design to ensure safety compliance of the system. Conductive structures such as steel or concrete poles are widely used in HV transmission mains. The earth potential rise (EPR) generated by a fault at the substation could result in an unsafe condition. This article discusses EPR based on substation fault. The pole EPR assessment under substation fault is assessed with and without mutual impedance consideration. Split factor determination with and without the mutual impedance of the line is also discussed. Furthermore, a simplified formula to compute the pole grid current under substation fault is included. Also, it includes the introduction of the n factor which determines the number of poles that required earthing assessments under substation fault. A case study is shown.

Structural sensitivity of Csbnd H vibrational band in methyl benzoate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roy, Susmita; Maiti, Kiran Sankar

2018-05-01

The Csbnd H vibrational bands of methyl benzoate are studied to understand its coupling pattern with other vibrational bands of the biological molecule. This will facilitate to understand the biological structure and dynamics in spectroscopic as well as in microscopic study. Due to the congested spectroscopic pattern, near degeneracy, and strong anharmonicity of the Csbnd H stretch vibrations, assignment of the Csbnd H vibrational frequencies are often misleading. Anharmonic vibrational frequency calculation with multidimensional potential energy surface interprets the Csbnd H vibrational spectra more accurately. In this article we have presented the importance of multidimensional potential energy surface in anharmonic vibrational frequency calculation and discuss the unexpected red shift of asymmetric Csbnd H stretch vibration of methyl group. The Csbnd D stretch vibrational band which is splitted to double peaks due to the Fermi resonance is also discussed here.

Mechanism of immunomodulatory drugs' action in the treatment of multiple myeloma

PubMed Central

Chang, Xiubao; Zhu, Yuanxiao; Shi, Changxin; Stewart, A. Keith

2014-01-01

Although immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), such as thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide, are widely used in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), the molecular mechanism of IMiDs' action is largely unknown. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in the application of IMiDs in MM cancer treatment as well as their effects on immunomodulatory activities, anti-angiogenic activities, intervention of cell surface adhesion molecules between myeloma cells and bone marrow stromal cells, anti-inflammatory activities, anti-proliferation, pro-apoptotic effects, cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of cell migration and metastasis. In addition, the potential IMiDs' target protein, IMiDs' target protein's functional role, and the potential molecular mechanisms of IMiDs resistance will be discussed. We wish, by presentation of our naive discussion, that this review article will facilitate further investigation in these fields. PMID:24374776

Clinacanthus nutans: a review on ethnomedicinal uses, chemical constituents and pharmacological properties.

PubMed

Zulkipli, Ihsan N; Rajabalaya, Rajan; Idris, Adi; Sulaiman, Nurul Atiqah; David, Sheba R

2017-12-01

Medicinal plants have attracted global attention for their hidden therapeutic potential. Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f) Lindau (Acanthaceae) (CN) is endemic in Southeast Asia. CN contains phytochemicals common to medicinal plants, such as flavonoids. Traditionally, CN has been used for a broad range of human ailments including snake bites and cancer. This article compiles the ethnomedicinal uses of CN and its phytochemistry, and thus provides a phytochemical library of CN. It also discusses the known pharmacological and biological effects of CN to enable better investigation of CN. This literature review was limited to articles and websites published in the English language. MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases were searched from December 2014 to September 2016 using the following keywords: "Clinacanthus nutans" and "Belalai gajah". The results were reviewed to identify relevant articles. Information from relevant selected studies was systematically analyzed from contemporary ethnopharmacological sources, evaluated against scientific literature, and extracted into tables. The literature search yielded 124 articles which were then further scrutinized revealing the promising biological activities of CN, including antimicrobial, antiproliferative, antitumorigenic and anti-inflammatory effects. Few articles discussed the mechanisms for these pharmacological activities. Furthermore, CN was beneficial in small-scale clinical trials for genital Herpes and aphthous stomatitis. Despite the rich ethnomedicinal knowledge behind the traditional uses of CN, the current scientific evidence to support these claims remains scant. More research is still needed to validate these medicinal claims, beginning by increasing the understanding of the biological actions of this plant.

Humanity and Social Responsibility, Solidarity, and Social Rights.

PubMed

Ahola-Launonen, Johanna

2016-04-01

This article discusses the suggestion of having the notion of solidarity as the foundational value for welfare scheme reforms. Solidarity is an emerging concept in bioethical deliberations emphasizing the need for value-oriented discussion in revising healthcare structures, and the notion has been contrasted with liberal justice and rights. I suggest that this contrast is unnecessary, flawed, and potentially counterproductive. As necessary as the sense of solidarity is in a society, it is an insufficient concept to secure the goals related to social responsibility. The discussion on solidarity is also based on a questionable sense of nostalgia. Furthermore, solidarity and liberal justice share essential objectives concerning welfare schemes; therefore, the question arises whether the proper comparison should in the first place be within justice and solidarity.

Forced Normalization: Antagonism Between Epilepsy and Psychosis.

PubMed

Kawakami, Yasuhiko; Itoh, Yasuhiko

2017-05-01

The antagonism between epilepsy and psychosis has been discussed for a long time. Landolt coined the term "forced normalization" in the 1950s to describe psychotic episodes associated with the remission of seizures and disappearance of epileptiform activity on electroencephalograms in individuals with epilepsy. Since then, neurologists and psychiatrists have been intrigued by this phenomenon. However, although collaborative clinical studies and basic experimental researches have been performed, the mechanism of forced normalization remains unknown. In this review article, we present a historical overview of the concept of forced normalization, and discuss potential pathogenic mechanisms and clinical diagnosis. We also discuss the role of dopamine, which appears to be a key factor in the mechanism of forced normalization. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Need for an Interdisciplinary Approach to Norm Diffusion: The Case of Fair and Equitable Benefit-sharing.

PubMed

Parks, Louisa; Morgera, Elisa

2015-11-01

No systematic study discusses the evolution of fair and equitable benefit-sharing across various areas of international law (environment, human rights, oceans), as well as at different levels of regulation (regional and national laws and guidelines, private law contracts, transboundary codes of conduct, customary laws of indigenous peoples and local communities). This article explores the usefulness of an interdisciplinary approach to the study of norm diffusion for understanding how and why fair and equitable benefit-sharing is articulated in different sites. The article discusses mechanisms, actors and frames in norm diffusion, drawing on literature from sociology, international relations and law. The article uncovers underlying similarities in scholarship on norm diffusion across the disciplines considered. It also reflects on the value of an interdisciplinary approach that encourages legal scholars to consider the implications of power structures in the diffusion of law, while the nuances of legal knowledge may lead other social scientists to revisit accepted findings on norm diffusion. These findings appear particularly useful for informing an assessment of the potential of fair and equitable benefit-sharing to promote the conservation and sustainable use of natural resources in a fair and equitable manner in the face of power asymmetries.

Computer-based testing: initial report of extensive use in a medical school curriculum.

PubMed

Peterson, Michael W; Gordon, Joel; Elliott, Scott; Kreiter, Clarence

2004-01-01

Computer-based digital technology offers many opportunities in medical education. One type of digital technology, computer-based testing (CBT), has potentially wide application in undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education. This articles describes the development of CBT in an undergraduate medical curriculum. An early step in evaluating CBT is to be sure that the exam format is measuring the examinees' knowledge and not their comfort level or confidence with the technology. It is, therefore, important that the CBT reproduce or accommodate traditional test-taking behavior. CBT also provides for a number of enhancements not easily achieved with traditional paper-and-pencil exams. These include easier control and editing of exam items, better incorporation of testing into the learning environment using specific feedback, and enhancing the questions by incorporating multimedia. CBT does present some unique challenges in testing security, and this article discusses the approach to the security issues. In addition, before initiating CBT into a medical curriculum, the institution must understand the technical and infrastructure requirements for CBT. By providing a 5-year experience with CBT in the medical curriculum, this article hopes to facilitate discussions among medical educators in its appropriate application and evaluation.

Positioning continuing education: boundaries and intersections between the domains continuing education, knowledge translation, patient safety and quality improvement.

PubMed

Kitto, Simon; Bell, Mary; Peller, Jennifer; Sargeant, Joan; Etchells, Edward; Reeves, Scott; Silver, Ivan

2013-03-01

Public and professional concern about health care quality, safety and efficiency is growing. Continuing education, knowledge translation, patient safety and quality improvement have made concerted efforts to address these issues. However, a coordinated and integrated effort across these domains is lacking. This article explores and discusses the similarities and differences amongst the four domains in relation to their missions, stakeholders, methods, and limitations. This paper highlights the potential for a more integrated and collaborative partnership to promote networking and information sharing amongst the four domains. This potential rests on the premise that an integrated approach may result in the development and implementation of more holistic and effective interdisciplinary interventions. In conclusion, an outline of current research that is informed by the preliminary findings in this paper is also briefly discussed. The research concerns a comprehensive mapping of the relationships between the domains to gain an understanding of potential dissonances between how the domains represent themselves, their work and the work of their 'partner' domains.

Potential approaches for heterologous prion protein treatment of prion diseases

PubMed Central

Seelig, Davis M.; Goodman, Patricia A.; Skinner, Pamela J.

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Prion diseases, or transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are progressive, fatal neurodegenerative diseases with no effective treatment. The pathology of these diseases involves the conversion of a protease sensitive form of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into a protease resistant infectious form (PrPres). The efficiency of this conversion is predicated upon a number of factors, most notably a strong homology between cellular PrPC and PrPres. In our recently published study, we infected mice with the RML-Chandler strain of scrapie and treated them with heterologous hamster prion proteins. This treatment was seen to reduce clinical signs of prion disease, to delay the onset of clinical symptoms and to prolong survival. In this current article we discuss potential mechanisms of action of treatment with heterologous prion proteins. We also discuss potential extensions of these studies using a heterologous rabbit PrP-based treatment strategy or a peptide based strategy, and improvement of treatment delivery including a lentiviral-based system. PMID:26636482

Perspective: chemical dynamics simulations of non-statistical reaction dynamics

PubMed Central

Ma, Xinyou; Hase, William L.

2017-01-01

Non-statistical chemical dynamics are exemplified by disagreements with the transition state (TS), RRKM and phase space theories of chemical kinetics and dynamics. The intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) is often used for the former two theories, and non-statistical dynamics arising from non-IRC dynamics are often important. In this perspective, non-statistical dynamics are discussed for chemical reactions, with results primarily obtained from chemical dynamics simulations and to a lesser extent from experiment. The non-statistical dynamical properties discussed are: post-TS dynamics, including potential energy surface bifurcations, product energy partitioning in unimolecular dissociation and avoiding exit-channel potential energy minima; non-RRKM unimolecular decomposition; non-IRC dynamics; direct mechanisms for bimolecular reactions with pre- and/or post-reaction potential energy minima; non-TS theory barrier recrossings; and roaming dynamics. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Theoretical and computational studies of non-equilibrium and non-statistical dynamics in the gas phase, in the condensed phase and at interfaces’. PMID:28320906

"It was only a mild concussion": Exploring the description of sports concussion in online news articles.

PubMed

Ahmed, Osman Hassan; Hall, Eric E

2017-01-01

Concussion is widely discussed in online sports news articles, but the terms used to report this injury vary. This study aimed to use a systematic search strategy and explore the description of sports concussion in online sports news articles. A systematic approach was employed to obtain online articles related to sports concussion from four sports associated with concussion (hockey, football, soccer, and rugby). Included articles were evaluated for the descriptors used in relation to concussion and possible consequences associated with concussion. Data was analysed to determine trends between each sport as well between the countries of origin of the articles. From 200 articles retrieved, 153 were included for analysis. The terms "Head injury" (30.1%) and "Brain injury" (20.9%) were most used to describe a concussive injury, and the most frequently mentioned consequence of concussion was "Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy" (15%). Modifiers which potentially play down the importance of the injury were noted in 9.8% of the articles, with journalists the primary source of these terms. The variability in reporting of concussion by online news articles may limit the transmission of correct concussion information to the public. To improve the consistency of this reporting, the "Media Concussion Checklist" was developed. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Nanotechnology and glaucoma: a review of the potential implications of glaucoma nanomedicine.

PubMed

Kim, Nathaniel J; Harris, Alon; Gerber, Austin; Tobe, Leslie Abrams; Amireskandari, Annahita; Huck, Andrew; Siesky, Brent

2014-04-01

The purpose of this review is to discuss the evolution of nanotechnology and its potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications in the field of ophthalmology, particularly as it pertains to glaucoma. We reviewed literature using MEDLINE and PubMed databases with the following search terms: glaucoma, nanotechnology, nanomedicine, nanoparticles, ophthalmology and liposomes. We also reviewed pertinent references from articles found in this search. A brief history of nanotechnology and nanomedicine will be covered, followed by a discussion of the advantages and concerns of using this technology in the field of glaucoma. We will look at various studies concerning the development of nanomedicine, its potential applications in ocular drug delivery, diagnostic and imaging modalities and, surgical techniques. In particular, the challenges of assuring safety and efficacy of nanomedicine will be examined. We conclude that nanotechnology offers a novel approach to expanding diagnostic, imaging and surgical modalities in glaucoma and may contribute to the knowledge of disease pathogenesis at a molecular level. However, more research is needed to better elucidate the mechanism of cellular entry, the potential for nanoparticle cytotoxicity and the assurance of clinical efficacy.

Cancer coverage in a mainstream and Korean American online newspaper: lessons for community intervention.

PubMed

McDonnell, Diana D; Lee, Hyun-Ju; Kim, Young-Bok; Kazinets, Gene; Moskowitz, Joel M

2008-06-01

Korean Americans have higher incidence of stomach, liver, and cervical cancer than most groups in CA, USA, and generally lower rates of cancer screening. To better target community interventions, we evaluated the cancer content in a leading Korean American newspaper, the Korea Daily, compared to a mainstream newspaper from the same metropolitan area, the Los Angeles (LA) Times. Using the online versions of each newspaper for the year 2006, we counted articles mentioning cancer and evaluated the content in a random sample of 300 articles from each newspaper. Articles were categorized by relevance of cancer content and topic(s) covered. Although the LA Times had a higher proportion of articles mentioning cancer, the Korea Daily had more articles that primarily focused on cancer and addressed specific types of cancer. Articles in the Korea Daily were more likely to discuss prevention, while those in the LA Times more often focused on people, politics, or research. Smaller, ethnic newspapers may be more amenable to messages about prevention and appropriate places to target community-focused interventions. Health practitioners should consider submitting articles to ethnic newspapers and forming partnerships with journalists to cultivate this potential.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nachtmann, O., E-mail: O.Nachtmann@thphys.uni-heidelberg.de

We review ideas on the structure of the QCD vacuum which had served as motivation for the discussion of various non-standard QCD effects in high-energy reactions in articles from 1984 to 1995. These effects include, in particular, transverse-momentum and spin correlations in the Drell–Yan process and soft photon production in hadron–hadron collisions. We discuss the relation of the approach introduced in the above-mentioned articles to the approach, developed later, using transverse-momentum-dependent parton distributions (TDMs). The latter approach is a special case of our more general one which allows for parton entanglement in high-energy reactions. We discuss signatures of parton entanglementmore » in the Drell–Yan reaction. Also for Higgs-boson production in pp collisions via gluon–gluon annihilation effects of entanglement of the two gluons are discussed and are found to be potentially important. These effects can be looked for in the current LHC experiments. In our opinion studying parton-entanglement effects in high-energy reactions is, on the one hand, very worthwhile by itself and, on the other hand, it allows to perform quantitative tests of standard factorisation assumptions. Clearly, the experimental observation of parton-entanglement effects in the Drell–Yan reaction and/or in Higgs-boson production would have a great impact on our understanding how QCD works in high-energy collisions.« less

Addressing the knowledge gap: sexual violence and harassment in the UK Armed Forces.

PubMed

Godier, Lauren R; Fossey, M

2017-09-06

Despite media interest in alleged sexual violence and harassment in the UK military, there remains a paucity of UK-based peer-reviewed research in this area. Ministry of Defence and service-specific reports support the suggestion that UK service personnel may be at risk of experiencing sexual harassment. These reports however highlight a reluctance by service personnel to report sexual harassment through official channels. In this article, we discuss the paucity of UK-based research pertaining to the prevalence and impact of sexual harassment in the military, explore potential reasons for this gap in knowledge and outline future directions and priorities for academic research. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Technology 2.0: A Commentary on Progress, Challenges, and Next Steps.

PubMed

Jones, Deborah J

2017-11-01

This commentary highlights the importance and promise of the innovative strategies described in the Child Maltreatment special issue on "Technology 2.0: A Focus on the Newest Technological Advances in Child Maltreatment Research." The commentary first highlights the collective advancements reflected in the articles in the special issue, with a primary focus on how the authors' work addresses a general challenge in services research that is perhaps nowhere more problematic than in the field of maltreatment. Next, the commentary extends the discussion of these articles to raise remaining gaps in our knowledge, theory, and methodology, which must be the focus of ongoing research if the true potential of technology as a service delivery vehicle is to be realized. Finally, the commentary concludes with a call for subsequent research which will be inspired by the articles in this special issue.

The current status of 3D imaging in dental practice.

PubMed

McNamara, Clare; House, Kate; Davies, Rebecca; Barker, Chris S; Chawla, Ourvinder; Sandy, Jonathan R; Ireland, Anthony J

2011-12-01

This article aims to describe the current status of 3-dimensional (3D) imaging in dental practice. Advances in this field have made 3D imaging far more accessible in all dental fields. This paper describes methods of imaging dental hard and soft tissues and their clinical uses. In addition, the potential advantages and disadvantages of various systems are discussed, as well as expected future developments.

Incorporating economic evaluations into decision-making: the Ontario experience.

PubMed

Laupacis, Andreas

2005-07-01

The Drug Quality and Therapeutics Committee (DQTC) and the Canadian Expert Drug Assessment Committee (CEDAC) make reimbursement recommendations to publicly funded outpatient drug plans in Ontario and Canada respectively. In this article, the organization and decision-making processes of these committees are described. Issues associated with these committees such as potential biases associated with pharmaceutical company submissions, transparency, restricted access programs, conditional listing, and price negotiation are discussed.

Robotic liver surgery

PubMed Central

Leung, Universe

2014-01-01

Robotic surgery is an evolving technology that has been successfully applied to a number of surgical specialties, but its use in liver surgery has so far been limited. In this review article we discuss the challenges of minimally invasive liver surgery, the pros and cons of robotics, the evolution of medical robots, and the potentials in applying this technology to liver surgery. The current data in the literature are also presented. PMID:25392840

A conceptual model for vision rehabilitation

PubMed Central

Roberts, Pamela S.; Rizzo, John-Ross; Hreha, Kimberly; Wertheimer, Jeffrey; Kaldenberg, Jennifer; Hironaka, Dawn; Riggs, Richard; Colenbrander, August

2017-01-01

Vision impairments are highly prevalent after acquired brain injury (ABI). Conceptual models that focus on constructing intellectual frameworks greatly facilitate comprehension and implementation of practice guidelines in an interprofessional setting. The purpose of this article is to provide a review of the vision literature in ABI, describe a conceptual model for vision rehabilitation, explain its potential clinical inferences, and discuss its translation into rehabilitation across multiple practice settings and disciplines. PMID:27997671

Workarounds Are Routinely Used by Nurses-But Are They Ethical?

PubMed

Berlinger, Nancy

2017-10-01

: Nurses regularly circumvent work systems they perceive to be flawed to provide more efficient or better care. If kept secret, however, such workarounds become ethically questionable, even when the nurse is trying to do the right thing. In this article, the author discusses how nurses can be creative problem solvers without resorting to practices that may be ethical in intent yet potentially harmful in their consequences.

Funding sources in faculty development: strategies for success in submitting proposals.

PubMed

Morris, Arden M

2013-12-01

Although the capacity for integrated research and potential for translating research findings to the clinical setting have never been stronger, we are paradoxically entering a period of highly constrained funding. It is more important than ever for clinician scientists and young researchers to be strategic in the approach to funding. The purpose of this article is to discuss strategies for a successful approach to appropriate grant funding agencies.

Hazardous wastes in aquatic environments: Biological uptake and metabolism studies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barber, J.; Apblett, A.; Ensley, H.

1996-05-02

The projects discussed in this article include the following: the uptake, accumulation, metabolism, toxicity and physiological effects of various environmentally-important contaminants, inorganic and organic, in several wetland species that are interrelated through food webs; and investigation of the potential for developing and linking chemical and biological methods of remediation so as to encapsulate bioaccummulated ions in stable wasteforms such as ceramics and/or zeolites. 24 refs.

Early caries imaging and monitoring with near-infrared light.

PubMed

Fried, Daniel; Featherstone, John D B; Darling, Cynthia L; Jones, Robert S; Ngaotheppitak, Patara; Bühler, Christopher M

2005-10-01

Enamel is highly transparent in the near infrared (NIR); therefore, this region of the electromagnetic spectrum is suited ideally for the development of new optical diagnostic tools for the detection and imaging of early dental caries. This article discusses the NIR optical properties of sound and demineralized dental enamel and the potential use of polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography and NIR transillumination for the imaging of dental caries.

A conceptual model for vision rehabilitation.

PubMed

Roberts, Pamela S; Rizzo, John-Ross; Hreha, Kimberly; Wertheimer, Jeffrey; Kaldenberg, Jennifer; Hironaka, Dawn; Riggs, Richard; Colenbrander, August

2016-01-01

Vision impairments are highly prevalent after acquired brain injury (ABI). Conceptual models that focus on constructing intellectual frameworks greatly facilitate comprehension and implementation of practice guidelines in an interprofessional setting. The purpose of this article is to provide a review of the vision literature in ABI, describe a conceptual model for vision rehabilitation, explain its potential clinical inferences, and discuss its translation into rehabilitation across multiple practice settings and disciplines.

Drug-nutrient interactions: a case and clinical guide.

PubMed

Plotnikoff, Gregory A

2011-10-01

Advances in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics require new competencies related to pharmaceutical prescribing. First, both physicians and pharmacists need to recognize the potential negative impact of nutrients and dietary supplements on the absorption, metabolism, and utilization of prescription drugs. Second, physicians, even more than pharmacists, need to recognize the potential negative effects of pharmaceuticals on the absorption, metabolism, and utilization of nutrients. This article discusses common drug-nutrient interactions and presents a case that illustrates how unrecognized nutrient disruption may negatively affect a patient's health and potentially result in unnecessary prescribing of medications. In presenting the case, we also provide a conceptual framework for assessing and treating this patient and a summary of current knowledge regarding drug-nutrient interactions.

Representing situation awareness in collaborative systems: a case study in the energy distribution domain.

PubMed

Salmon, P M; Stanton, N A; Walker, G H; Jenkins, D; Baber, C; McMaster, R

2008-03-01

The concept of distributed situation awareness (DSA) is currently receiving increasing attention from the human factors community. This article investigates DSA in a collaborative real-world industrial setting by discussing the results derived from a recent naturalistic study undertaken within the UK energy distribution domain. The results describe the DSA-related information used by the networks of agents involved in the scenarios analysed, the sharing of this information between the agents and the salience of different information elements used. Thus, the structure, quality and content of each network's DSA is discussed, along with the implications for DSA theory. The findings reinforce the notion that when viewing situation awareness (SA) in collaborative systems, it is useful to focus on the coordinated behaviour of the system itself, rather than on the individual as the unit of analysis and suggest that the findings from such assessments can potentially be used to inform system, procedure and training design. SA is a critical commodity for teams working in industrial systems and systems, procedures and training programmes should be designed to facilitate efficient system SA acquisition and maintenance. This article presents approaches for describing and understanding SA during real-world collaborative tasks, the outputs from which can potentially be used to inform system, training programmes and procedure design.

Innovation in the role of the Office of the Ombudsman of the Unified Health System (SUS) - reflections and potential benefits.

PubMed

Fernandes, Fernando Manuel Bessa; Moreira, Marcelo Rasga; Ribeiro, José Mendes; Ouverney, Assis Mafort; Oliveira, Flávio José Fonseca de; Moro, Maria Francisca Abritta

2016-08-01

This article seeks to reflect on the potential of innovative practices in the design and work of the government bodies that comprise the National System of Offices of the Ombudsman of the Unified Health System. It is divided into two parts, seeking to answer the following question: How to think of and implement innovative practices - which include sustainability - when the people are voicing their urgent demands and these are being heard by the public authorities? These grievances are all the more urgent as they involve the area of Health and can they be promptly discussed, attended and resolved? In the first part, the article discusses the polysemic concept of innovation, focusing on its application in the three spheres of public administration, and highlights the importance of its close correlation with the different notions of information and knowledge in a society such as the one we live in. In the second, it develops a task-force of ideas for the office of the ombudsman and based on this, a draft operational concept of innovation in the role of the office of the ombudsman, considering the context of high speed change and transformations and the complexity inherent to contemporary life and the need for resource management and expertise development in information management.

Application of neuroscience to technology in stroke rehabilitation.

PubMed

Burns, Martha S

2008-01-01

The past decade has seen remarkable advances in our understanding of mechanisms that drive functional neuroplastic change after brain injury and the mirror neuron system that appears essential for language learning and communicative interaction. This article describes five neuroscience-based interventions available for clinical practice, with a discussion of the potential value of mirror neurons in stroke rehabilitation. Case-study data on three adults with aphasia who received various combinations of neuroscience-derived technological interventions are provided to inform the clinician of the potential advantages of technology as an adjunct to, not a substitution for, conventional therapeutic intervention.

Shape memory alloys: Properties and biomedical applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mantovani, Diego

2000-10-01

Shape memory alloys provide new insights for the design of biomaterials in bioengineering for the design of artificial organs and advanced surgical instruments, since they have specific characteristics and unusual properties. This article will examine (a) the four properties of shape memory alloys, (b) medical applications with high potential for improving the present and future quality of life, and (c) concerns regarding the biocom-patibility properties of nickel-titanium alloys. In particular, the long-term challenges of using shape memory alloys will be discussed, regarding corrosion and potential leakage of elements and ions that could be toxic to cells, tissues and organs.

Looking Under the Hood--Top Five Open Issues for the Cadillac Tax.

PubMed

Stover, Richard; Laderman, Leslye

2015-01-01

The Affordable Care Act's "Cadillac tax" on high-cost group health care plans begins in 2018, yet its expected impact on employers remains an open question. Clarifying regulations, guidance and potential statutory changes between now and then will determine whether employers find the tax to be even more of an administrative burden than a financial one. This article discusses the top five open issues about the application of the tax and its administrative requirements, encouraging employers to use caution in making strategic decisions in advance of clarifying regulations and potential statutory changes.

Quality circles and their potential application to rural health care in Papua New Guinea.

PubMed

Cibulskis, R E; Edwards, K N

1993-06-01

A quality circle is a group of service providers who meet regularly to solve problems relating to the quality of their work. This is an example of bottom-up rather than top-down management which has found considerable success in the industries of the developed world. This article describes the principles which govern the operation of quality circles, the expected benefits and how best to introduce them. The problems relating to the provision of quality health care in rural areas and the potential application of the quality circle methodology are discussed.

Application of medical gases in the field of neurobiology

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Medical gases are pharmaceutical molecules which offer solutions to a wide array of medical needs. This can range from use in burn and stroke victims to hypoxia therapy in children. More specifically however, gases such as oxygen, helium, xenon, and hydrogen have recently come under increased exploration for their potential theraputic use with various brain disease states including hypoxia-ischemia, cerebral hemorrhages, and traumatic brain injuries. As a result, this article will review the various advances in medical gas research and discuss the potential therapeutic applications and mechanisms with regards to the field of neurobiology. PMID:22146102

Evaluation of Healthcare Interventions and Big Data: Review of Associated Data Issues.

PubMed

Asche, Carl V; Seal, Brian; Kahler, Kristijan H; Oehrlein, Elisabeth M; Baumgartner, Meredith Greer

2017-08-01

Although the analysis of 'big data' holds tremendous potential to improve patient care, there remain significant challenges before it can be realized. Accuracy and completeness of data, linkage of disparate data sources, and access to data are areas that require particular focus. This article discusses these areas and shares strategies to promote progress. Improvement in clinical coding, innovative matching methodologies, and investment in data standardization are potential solutions to data validation and linkage problems. Challenges to data access still require significant attention with data ownership, security needs, and costs representing significant barriers to access.

Microbiota-Liver Axis in Hepatic Disease

PubMed Central

Chassaing, Benoit; Etienne-Mesmin, Lucie; Gewirtz, Andrew T.

2014-01-01

Accumulating evidence indicates that the gut microbiota, long appreciated to be a key determinant of intestinal inflammation, is also playing a key role in chronic inflammatory disease of the liver. Such studies have yielded a general central hypothesis whereby microbiota products activate the innate immune system to drive pro-inflammatory gene expression thus promoting chronic inflammatory disease of the liver. This article reviews the background supporting this hypothesis, outlines how it can potentially explain classic and newly emerging epidemiological chronic inflammatory liver disease, and discusses potential therapeutic means to manipulate the microbiota so as to prevent and/or treat liver disease. PMID:23703735

Temozolomide and other potential agents for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme.

PubMed

Nagasawa, Daniel T; Chow, Frances; Yew, Andrew; Kim, Won; Cremer, Nicole; Yang, Isaac

2012-04-01

This article provides historical and recent perspectives related to the use of temozolomide for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme. Temozolomide has quickly become part of the standard of care for the modern treatment of stage IV glioblastoma multiforme since its approval in 2005. Yet despite its improvements from previous therapies, median survival remains approximately 15 months, with a 2-year survival rate of 8% to 26%. The mechanism of action of this chemotherapeutic agent, conferred advantages and limitations, treatment resistance and rescue, and potential targets of future research are discussed. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Emotional sounds and the brain: the neuro-affective foundations of musical appreciation.

PubMed

Panksepp, Jaak; Bernatzky, Günther

2002-11-01

This article summarizes the potential role of evolved brain emotional systems in the mediation of music appreciation. A variety of examples of how music may promote behavioral change are summarized, including effects on memory, mood, brain activity as well as autonomic responses such as the experience of 'chills'. Studies on animals (e.g. young chicks) indicate that musical stimulation have measurable effects on their behaviors and brain chemistries, especially increased brain norepinephrine (NE) turnover. The evolutionary sources of musical sensitivity are discussed, as well as the potential medical-therapeutic implications of this knowledge.

The RON receptor tyrosine kinase in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and its potential implications for future targeted therapies.

PubMed

Kang, Chang Moo; Babicky, Michele L; Lowy, Andrew M

2014-03-01

Pancreatic cancer remains a devastating disease with a mortality rate that has not changed substantially in decades. Novel therapies are therefore desperately needed. The RON receptor tyrosine kinase has been identified as an important mediator of KRAS oncogene addiction and is overexpressed in the majority of pancreatic cancers. Preclinical studies show that inhibition of RON function decreases pancreatic cancer cell migration, invasion, and survival and can sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to chemotherapy. This article reviews the current state of knowledge regarding RON biology and pancreatic cancer and discusses its potential as a therapeutic target.

There was less self-critique among basic than in clinical science articles in three rheumatology journals.

PubMed

Yazici, Hasan; Gogus, Feride; Esen, Fehim; Yazici, Yusuf

2014-06-01

There is concern that self-critique with authors acknowledging limitations of their work is not given due importance in scientific articles. We had the impression that this was more true for articles in basic compared with clinical science. We thus surveyed for the presence of self-critique in the discussion sections of the original articles in three rheumatology journals with attention to differences between the basic and the clinical science articles. The discussion sections of the original articles in January, May, and September 2012 issues of Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, Arthritis and Rheumatism, and Rheumatology (Oxford) were surveyed (n = 223) after classifying each article as mainly related to clinical or basic science. The discussion sections were electronically scanned by two observers for the presence of the root word "limit" or its derivatives who also read each discussion section for the presence of any limitations otherwise voiced. A limitation discussion in any form was present in only 19 (20.2%) or 29 (30.1%) of 94 basic science vs. 95 (73.6%) or 107 (82.3%) of 129 clinical science articles (P < 0.0001 for either observer). Self-critique, especially lacking in basic science articles, should be given due attention. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Trick or treat? Australian newspaper portrayal of complementary and alternative medicine for the treatment of cancer.

PubMed

Mercurio, Reegan; Eliott, Jaklin Ardath

2011-01-01

Many cancer patients within developed nations cite the media as informing their decisions to use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). The present study describes (1) Australian newspaper coverage of CAM use for cancer between 1998 and 2007; (2) trends in reporting frequency and characteristics; and (3) how the Australian press framed stories on CAM use for cancer. This study is a content analysis featuring quantitative and qualitative techniques, the latter guided by 'media framing', of targeted newspaper articles. One hundred nineteen articles focused on CAM use for the treatment of cancer were identified. Quantitative analysis found that biologically based CAMs were most frequently described and breast cancer most mentioned. Two thirds of all articles described CAM use in the context of a cure, with approximately half of these opposing this reason for use. Potential benefits of CAM were discussed more frequently than potential risks, and information on costs and how to access CAM were uncommon. Recommendations included advice to use complementary, not alternative therapies, yet advice to discuss CAM with a medical doctor was rare. Qualitative analysis found six CAM cancer-related frames, four in support of CAM use for cancer treatment. The dominant frame constructed CAM as legitimate tools to assist biomedicine (even to cure), with others depicting CAM as normal and necessary or as addressing limitations of biomedicine. Negative frames depicted CAM as questionable and risky practices and the industry/practitioners as possessing malevolent intent. These findings have implications for biomedical practitioners attempting to determine, respect and assist patient choices about their treatment.

The immunologic considerations in human head transplantation.

PubMed

Hardy, Mark A; Furr, Allen; Barret, Juan P; Barker, John H

2017-05-01

The idea of head transplantation appears at first as unrealistic, unethical, and futile. Here we discuss immunological considerations in human head transplantation. In a separate accompanying article we discuss surgical, ethical, and psychosocial issues concerned in body-to-head transplantation (BHT) [1]. The success of such an unusual allograft, where the donor and the recipient can reject each other, depends on prevention of complex immunologic reactions, especially rejection of the head by the body (graft-vs-host) or probably less likely, the possibility of the head rejecting the total body allograft (host-vs-graft). The technical and immunologic difficulties are enormous, especially since rapid nerve and cord connections and regeneration have not yet been possible to achieve. In this article we begin by briefly reviewing neuro-immunologic issues that may favor BHT such as the blood brain barrier (BBB) and point out its shortcomings. And we touch on the cellular and humoral elements in the brain proper that differ in some respects from those in other organs and in the periphery. Based on recent successes in vascular composite allografts (VCAs), we will elaborate on potential specific advantages and difficulties in BHT of various available immunosuppressive medications already utilized in VCAs. The risk/benefit ratio of these drugs will be emphasized in relation to direct brain toxicity such as seizure disorders, interference, or promotion of nerve regeneration, and potentiation of cerebral viral infections. The final portion of this article will focus on pre-transplant immunologic manipulation of the deceased donor body along with pretreatment of the recipient. Copyright © 2017 IJS Publishing Group Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Islam and cannabis: Legalisation and religious debate in Iran.

PubMed

Ghiabi, Maziyar; Maarefvand, Masoomeh; Bahari, Hamed; Alavi, Zohreh

2018-06-01

Iran is currently discussing cannabis and opium regulations, which could bring a legalisation of drug consumption through a state supervised system. The article engages with the question of cannabis by looking at the legal interpretation of religious authorities in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The choice of Iran is justified for several reasons: firstly, Iran has a long history of drug use and cannabis has been part of the country's intoxicant traditions since times immemorial; secondly, the Iranian state is unique in that it combines religious exegesis with political machination through official channels; finally, among all Middle East and Islamic countries, Iran is at the avant-garde in experimenting in the field of drugs policy which makes an excellent case for the study of cannabis regulation. The article is the result of a direct engagement with Iran's leading Shi'a authorities, the maraje'-e taqlid, 'source of emulation'. The authors redacted a list of eight questions (estefta'at) about the status of cannabis in Iranian society. It questioned cannabis' legality in Islam, its potential medical use, the feasibility of domestic production and other relevant aspects of its social-religious life. Based on the responses, the authors analysed the difference in opinions among the religious scholars and speculate on the possibility of policy reform. Given the dearth of scholarly work about illicit drugs in the Islamic world, about which many readers might not be familiar, the article opens with an overview of the place of cannabis in the history of Islamic societies. It discusses terminological ambiguities, references in religious texts and traditions, and the general interpretations within Muslim religious schools of thought. Then, it discusses the status of cannabis in contemporary Iran before tackling the responses provided by the religious scholars. Eventually, the paper puts forward reflections about the potential implications for future policy developments on cannabis. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Energy efficiency, human behavior, and economic growth: Challenges to cutting energy demand to sustainable levels

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Santarius, Tilman, E-mail: tilman@santarius.de

Increasing energy efficiency in households, transportation, industries, and services is an important strategy to reduce energy service demand to levels that allow the steep reduction of greenhouse gases, and a full fledged switch of energy systems to a renewable basis. Yet, technological efficiency improvements may generate so-called rebound effects, which may ‘eat up’ parts of the technical savings potential. This article provides a comprehensive review of existing research on these effects, raises critiques, and points out open questions. It introduces micro-economic rebound effect and suggests extending consumer-side analysis to incorporate potential ‘psychological rebound effects.’ It then discusses meso-economic rebound effects,more » i.e. producer-side and market-level rebounds, which so far have achieved little attention in the literature. Finally, the article critically reviews evidence for macro-economic rebound effects as energy efficiency-induced economic growth impacts. For all three categories, the article summarizes assessments of their potential quantitative scope, while pointing out remaining methodological weaknesses and open questions. As a rough “rule of thumb”, in the long term and on gross average, only half the technical savings potential of across-the-board efficiency improvements may actually be achieved in the real world. Policies that aim at cutting energy service demand to sustainable levels are well advised to take due note of detrimental behavioral and economic growth impacts, and should foster policies and measures that can contain them.« less

Introduction for the special issue on recent advances in drug delivery across tissue barriers.

PubMed

Mrsny, Randall J; Brayden, David J

2016-01-01

This special issue of Tissue Barriers contains a series of reviews with the common theme of how biological barriers established at epithelial tissues limit the uptake of macromolecular therapeutics. By improving our functional understanding of these barriers, the majority of the authors have highlighted potential strategies that might be applied to the non-invasive delivery of biopharmaceuticals that would otherwise require an injection format for administration. Half of the articles focus on the potential of particular technologies to assist oral delivery of peptides, proteins and other macromolecules. These include use of prodrug chemistry to improve molecule stability and permeability, and the related potential for oral delivery of poorly permeable agents by cell-penetrating peptides and dendrimers. Safety aspects of intestinal permeation enhancers are discussed, along with the more recent foray into drug-device combinations as represented by intestinal microneedles and externally-applied ultrasound. Other articles highlight the crossover between food research and oral delivery based on nanoparticle technology, while the final one provides a fascinating interpretation of the physiological problems associated with subcutaneous insulin delivery and how inefficient it is at targeting the liver.

Psychotherapy integration in the treatment of personality disorders: a commentary.

PubMed

Nelson, Dana L; Beutler, Larry E; Castonguay, Louis G

2012-02-01

Whereas research on the treatment of personality disorders over the past several decades has focused primarily on comparing the efficacy of various treatment packages associated with different theoretical models, there is increasing evidence that the field would benefit from focusing more attention on developing integrative treatments that are both informed by research and capable of scientific verification. The articles assembled for this special section each propose a different approach to integrative treatment for personality disorders. In this commentary, we outline a number of reasons for making such a shift to more integrative treatments, consider some of the potential challenges to integration, and discuss the different approaches to integration illustrated in these articles. We highlight some of the difficult tradeoffs that must be made in developing an integrative approach and discuss similarities and differences in the response to such challenges by the contributors to this special section. Finally, we point to several areas for future research that we believe will contribute to the development of increasingly effective treatments for individuals with personality disorders.

Topical Review: Families Coping With Child Trauma: A Naturalistic Observation Methodology

PubMed Central

Barrett, Anna; Bowles, Peter; Conroy, Rowena; Mehl, Matthias R.

2016-01-01

Objective To introduce a novel, naturalistic observational methodology (the Electronically Activated Recorder; EAR) as an opportunity to better understand the central role of the family environment in children’s recovery from trauma. Methods Discussion of current research methods and a systematic literature review of EAR studies on health and well-being. Results Surveys, experience sampling, and the EAR method each provide different opportunities and challenges for studying family interactions. We identified 17 articles describing relevant EAR studies. These investigated questions of emotional well-being, communicative behaviors, and interpersonal relationships, predominantly in adults. 5 articles reported innovative research in children, triangulating EAR-observed behavioral data (e.g., on child conflict at home) with neuroendocrine assay, sociodemographic information, and parent report. Finally, we discussed psychometric, practical, and ethical considerations for conducting EAR research with children and families. Conclusions Naturalistic observation methods such as the EAR have potential for pediatric psychology studies regarding trauma and the family environment. PMID:25797943

The social life of the brain: Neuroscience in society

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Neuroscience is viewed by a range of actors and institutions as a powerful means of creating new knowledge about our selves and societies. This article documents the shifts in expertise and identities potentially being propelled by neuroscientific research. It details the framing and effects of neuroscience within several social domains, including education and mental health, discussing some of the intellectual and professional projects it has animated therein (such as neuroethics). The analysis attends to the cultural logics by which the brain is sometimes made salient in society; simultaneously, it points towards some of parameters of the territory within which the social life of the brain plays out. Instances of societal resistance and agnosticism are discussed, which may render problematic sociological research on neuroscience in society that assumes the universal import of neuroscientific knowledge (as either an object of celebration or critique). This article concludes with reflections on how sociotechnical novelty is produced and ascribed, and the implications of this. PMID:24285875

Oral Anticoagulant Therapy

PubMed Central

Gallus, Alexander S.; Wittkowsky, Ann; Crowther, Mark; Hylek, Elaine M.; Palareti, Gualtiero

2012-01-01

Background: The objective of this article is to summarize the published literature concerning the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral anticoagulant drugs that are currently available for clinical use and other aspects related to their management. Methods: We carried out a standard review of published articles focusing on the laboratory and clinical characteristics of the vitamin K antagonists; the direct thrombin inhibitor, dabigatran etexilate; and the direct factor Xa inhibitor, rivaroxaban Results: The antithrombotic effect of each oral anticoagulant drug, the interactions, and the monitoring of anticoagulation intensity are described in detail and discussed without providing specific recommendations. Moreover, we describe and discuss the clinical applications and optimal dosages of oral anticoagulant therapies, practical issues related to their initiation and monitoring, adverse events such as bleeding and other potential side effects, and available strategies for reversal. Conclusions: There is a large amount of evidence on laboratory and clinical characteristics of vitamin K antagonists. A growing body of evidence is becoming available on the first new oral anticoagulant drugs available for clinical use, dabigatran and rivaroxaban. PMID:22315269

Natural versus anthropogenic climate change: Swedish farmers' joint construction of climate perceptions.

PubMed

Asplund, Therese

2016-07-01

While previous research into understandings of climate change has usually examined general public perceptions, this study offers an audience-specific departure point. This article analyses how Swedish farmers perceive climate change and how they jointly shape their understandings. The agricultural sector is of special interest because it both contributes to and is directly affected by climate change. Through focus group discussions with Swedish farmers, this study finds that (1) farmers relate to and understand climate change through their own experiences, (2) climate change is understood either as a natural process subject to little or no human influence or as anthropogenic and (3) various communication tools contribute to the formation of natural and anthropogenic climate change frames. The article ends by discussing frame resonance and frame clash in public understanding of climate change and by comparing potential similarities and differences in how various segments of the public make sense of climate change. © The Author(s) 2014.

Real-world effectiveness of 8 weeks treatment with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir in chronic hepatitis C.

PubMed

Buggisch, Peter; Zeuzem, Stefan

2018-05-11

We thank Ojha and Steyerberg for making a good point. Indeed, defining analyses populations of real-life observational studies as ITT or PP is problematic as this wording may suggest a higher comparability to clinical trials as is adequate. In principle, even refined methods for adjusting confounders and minimizing bias cannot fully resolve the inherent problem of confounders in such trials. In our paper the wording (ITT and PP) was chosen for comparability with similar previous observational studies (e.g. Zeng et al) and a lot of effort was made to make the definitions transparent by illustrating them in a Figure and mentioning them several times in the article. Furthermore, the results were carefully discussed and, overall, highly comparable with those from clinical trials. Therefore, potential overestimation of sustained response rates as illustrated and discussed in the letter by Ojha and Steyerberg seems to be a limited problem in our article about this real world data. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Our time is now - how companion animal veterinarians can transform biomedical science.

PubMed

Mellanby, R J

2015-12-01

Over the past decade, there has been growing interest in the "One Health" agenda, defined by the One Health Initiative to be "a worldwide strategy for expanding interdisciplinary collaborations and communications in all aspects of health care for humans, animals and the environment." The concept has spawned numerous conferences, under- and post-graduate courses and has been the topic of dozens of articles that have discussed how medical doctors, scientists and veterinarians can work together to improve the health of both animals and humans. Although there is widespread agreement about the potential benefits of medical doctors and veterinarians working more closely together, this is far from routine practice for most companion animal veterinarians. This article reflects on why the topic of "One Health" is attracting such interest at the moment and discusses some of the reasons why the "One Health" agenda offers companion animal veterinarians a chance to be centre stage in the global drive to improve the health of both animals and humans. © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.

Aesthetic Surgery of the Buttocks Using Implants: Practice-Based Recommendations.

PubMed

Senderoff, Douglas M

2016-05-01

The demand for gluteal enhancement has increased rapidly in the past few years. In this Continuing Medical Education (CME) article, the evaluation, surgical planning, operative technique, and management of potential complications of gluteal augmentation using solid silicone implants are discussed. Practice-based recommendations are presented along with a review of the scientific literature. The intramuscular and subfascial technique is described along with a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. Guidelines for implant selection, placement, and revisional procedures are presented along with recommendations for maximizing successful outcomes. © 2016 The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, Inc. Reprints and permission: journals.permissions@oup.com.

New paradigms for transcultural nursing: frameworks for studying African American women.

PubMed

Shambley-Ebron, Donna Z; Boyle, Joyceen S

2004-01-01

African American women continue to experience disparities in health status when compared to their European American counterparts, yet, often their unique perspectives are not presented in the nursing literature. This article will discuss various theoretical frameworks arising from Black women's thought and reality that can be used to enhance and expand transcultural nursing knowledge. Historical, sociocultural, and literary perspectives will be used to illuminate the realities of African American women's lives. Selected frameworks arising from these realities will be discussed that recognize the impact of race, class, and gender on the lives of African American women and have the potential to guide nursing research and practice.

Computer Information Project for Monographs at the Medical Research Library of Brooklyn

PubMed Central

Koch, Michael S.; Kovacs, Helen

1973-01-01

The article describes a resource library's computer-based project that provides cataloging and other bibliographic services and promotes greater use of the book collection. A few studies are cited to show the significance of monographic literature in medical libraries. The educational role of the Medical Research Library of Brooklyn is discussed, both with regard to the parent institution and to smaller medical libraries in the same geographic area. Types of aid given to smaller libraries are enumerated. Information is given on methods for providing machine-produced catalog cards, current awareness notes, and bibliographic lists. Actualities and potentialities of the computer project are discussed. PMID:4579767

Approach to the Underperforming Athlete.

PubMed

Solomon, Mary L; Weiss Kelly, Amanda K

2016-03-01

Children and adolescents who participate in intense sports training may face physical and psychologic stresses. The pediatric health care provider can play an important role in monitoring an athlete's preparation by obtaining a proper sports history, assessing sleep hygiene, discussing nutrition and hydration guidelines, and evaluating physiologic causes of fatigue. Educating parents and athletes on the potential risks of high-intensity training, inadequate rest and sleep, and a poor diet may improve the athlete's performance and prevent symptoms of overtraining syndrome. Infectious mononucleosis must also be considered a cause of fatigue among adolescents. The signs and symptoms of overtraining and burnout are discussed in this article. Copyright 2016, SLACK Incorporated.

Malaria Molecular Epidemiology: Lessons from the International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research Network

PubMed Central

Escalante, Ananias A.; Ferreira, Marcelo U.; Vinetz, Joseph M.; Volkman, Sarah K.; Cui, Liwang; Gamboa, Dionicia; Krogstad, Donald J.; Barry, Alyssa E.; Carlton, Jane M.; van Eijk, Anna Maria; Pradhan, Khageswar; Mueller, Ivo; Greenhouse, Bryan; Andreina Pacheco, M.; Vallejo, Andres F.; Herrera, Socrates; Felger, Ingrid

2015-01-01

Molecular epidemiology leverages genetic information to study the risk factors that affect the frequency and distribution of malaria cases. This article describes molecular epidemiologic investigations currently being carried out by the International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research (ICEMR) network in a variety of malaria-endemic settings. First, we discuss various novel approaches to understand malaria incidence and gametocytemia, focusing on Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Second, we describe and compare different parasite genotyping methods commonly used in malaria epidemiology and population genetics. Finally, we discuss potential applications of molecular epidemiological tools and methods toward malaria control and elimination efforts. PMID:26259945

The strategic security officer.

PubMed

Hodges, Charles

2014-01-01

This article discusses the concept of the strategic security officer, and the potential that it brings to the healthcare security operational environment. The author believes that training and development, along with strict hiring practices, can enable a security department to reach a new level of professionalism, proficiency and efficiency. The strategic officer for healthcare security is adapted from the "strategic corporal" concept of US Marine Corps General Charles C. Krulak which focuses on understanding the total force implications of the decisions made by the lowest level leaders within the Corps (Krulak, 1999). This article focuses on the strategic organizational implications of every security officer's decisions in the constantly changing and increasingly volatile operational environment of healthcare security.

Tobacco-induced suppression of the vascular response to dental plaque.

PubMed

Buduneli, Nurcan; Scott, David A

2018-05-16

Cigarette smoking presents oral health professionals with a clinical and research conundrum: reduced periodontal vascular responsiveness to the oral biofilm accompanied by increased susceptibility to destructive periodontal diseases. This presents a significant problem, hampering diagnosis and complicating treatment planning. The aim of this review is to summarize contemporary hypotheses that help explain mechanistically the phenomenon of a suppressed bleeding response to dysbiotic plaque in the periodontia of smokers. The influence of smoke exposure on angiogenesis, innate cell function, the production of inflammatory mediators including cytokines and proteases, tobacco-bacterial interactions and potential genetic predisposition, are discussed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.