The Evolution of Luz: A Case Study of Gendered Tensions of Romance and Domesticity in the Life of a Former Migrant, Chicana College Student

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reyes, Reynaldo, III; Valles, Estella; Salinas, Cinthia

2011-01-01

This paper is a case study of a Chicana former migrant in her first year of college through CAMP (College Assistance Migrant Program), and how she negotiated the challenges of family, romance, and the desire to reach her goals. Through narrative analysis, the authors examine the thoughts, words, and experiences of Luz's life to provide insight to…

From the Fields to the University: Charting Educational Access and Success for Farmworker Students Using a Community Cultural Wealth Framework

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bejarano, Cynthia; Valverde, Michelle

2012-01-01

In 2002, the New Mexico State University College Assistance Migrant Program (NMSU CAMP) was created to increase the number of baccalaureate degrees held by students from farmworker backgrounds by mediating structural impediments that typically normalize post-secondary inequities for this population. Migrant and seasonal farmworker students are…

The Effect of Continuing Education Participation on Outcomes of Male and Female Agricultural Workers in the USA

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pena, Anita Alves

2015-01-01

Job training and employment assistance programs aim to assist migrant and seasonal farmworkers and their dependents locate steady employment and develop job skills. This study investigates effects of educational programs on wages, annual time allocations, and poverty of male and female farmworkers and their families using regression analysis in…

34 CFR 206.4 - What regulations apply to these programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE...)). (8) 34 CFR part 86 (Drug-Free Schools and Campuses). (9) 34 CFR part 97 (Protection of Human Subjects...

34 CFR 206.4 - What regulations apply to these programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE...)). (8) 34 CFR part 86 (Drug-Free Schools and Campuses). (9) 34 CFR part 97 (Protection of Human Subjects...

34 CFR 206.4 - What regulations apply to these programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE...)). (8) 34 CFR part 86 (Drug-Free Schools and Campuses). (9) 34 CFR part 97 (Protection of Human Subjects...

34 CFR 206.4 - What regulations apply to these programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE...)). (8) 34 CFR part 86 (Drug-Free Schools and Campuses). (9) 34 CFR part 97 (Protection of Human Subjects...

34 CFR 206.10 - What types of services may be provided?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... students pass an examination and obtain a certificate that meets the guidelines for high school equivalency... concerning and assistance in obtaining available student financial aid. (v) Stipends for high school... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE...

34 CFR 206.10 - What types of services may be provided?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... students pass an examination and obtain a certificate that meets the guidelines for high school equivalency... concerning and assistance in obtaining available student financial aid. (v) Stipends for high school... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE...

34 CFR 206.10 - What types of services may be provided?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... students pass an examination and obtain a certificate that meets the guidelines for high school equivalency... concerning and assistance in obtaining available student financial aid. (v) Stipends for high school... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE...

34 CFR 206.10 - What types of services may be provided?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... students pass an examination and obtain a certificate that meets the guidelines for high school equivalency... concerning and assistance in obtaining available student financial aid. (v) Stipends for high school... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE...

A Collective Pursuit of Learning the Possibility to Be: The CAMP Experience Assisting Situationally Marginalized Mexican American Students to a Successful Student Identity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reyes, Reynaldo, III

2007-01-01

Many students of Mexican descent must learn how to be successful students. This study describes 5 students of Mexican descent from situationally marginalized lives who were a part of a support and retention scholarship program (College Assistance Migrant Program--CAMP). These case studies document how they perceived their learning and how they…

75 FR 65711 - High School Equivalency Program and College Assistance Migrant Program, The Federal TRIO Programs...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-26

... program and the Department's administrative practice with regard to the number of applications an eligible... affected the applicant's application. Amending newly redesignated Sec. 642.6(b) (Training) and Sec. Sec... participants to be served by a grantee through the Federal Register notice inviting applications. Amending...

Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among Tanzanian migrants: a cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Norris, Alison H; Loewenberg Weisband, Yiska; Wiles, Melissa; Ickovics, Jeannette R

2017-09-01

For the many millions of migrants, mobility creates vulnerabilities and elevates risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We document, among Tanzanian agricultural plantation residents, migrant characteristics and test associations between migrant status and prevalent STI (HSV-2, syphilis, and HIV). From 623 plantation resident participants, we limit this analysis to participants about whom we know migration status (migrants n = 242, non-migrants n = 291). We collected behavioral data via audio-computer assisted self-interview survey, and clinical data via STI testing. We used multivariate Poisson regression models, stratified by gender and controlling for behavioral risk factors, to measure associations between migrant status and STI. In men, HIV prevalence was 9% for migrants, and 6% for non-migrants. HSV-2 prevalence was 57% for migrants, and 32% for non-migrants. Syphilis prevalence was 12% for migrants, and 3% for non-migrants. Among women, there were few differences in STI prevalence by migrant status: prevalence of HIV was 6% vs. 5% (migrants vs. non-migrants); HSV-2 prevalence was 68% vs. 65%; and syphilis prevalence was 11% vs. 8%. Being a male migrant was significantly associated with increased prevalence of any STI after controlling for sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics (APR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.23-5.25). Migrant women did not have increased prevalence of STI as compared to non-migrant women (APR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.85-1.24). Amongst Tanzanian agricultural workers, male migrants experienced elevated risk for prevalent STI as compared to male non-migrants. We suggest structural interventions to reduce risks associated with migration, especially in male migrants, including workplace-based STI prevention programs, and connecting migrants to resources and support within new communities. The key messages are: migrant men experience significantly elevated risk for prevalent STI, above and beyond sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors, as compared to their non-migrant peers; women in this Tanzanian agricultural plantation community overall had higher prevalence of some STIs than men, migrant women had similar STI risk as non-migrant women; and migration for work, an economic strategy for millions, also creates vulnerabilities, so workplace-based STI prevention programs and connecting migrants to community resources are essential.

34 CFR 206.5 - What definitions apply to these programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE... Elementary school EDGAR Facilities Minor remodeling Nonprofit Private Project Public Secondary school... secondary school; (iii) Is a public or nonprofit institution; (iv) Admits as a regular student only a person...

34 CFR 206.5 - What definitions apply to these programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE... Elementary school EDGAR Facilities Minor remodeling Nonprofit Private Project Public Secondary school... secondary school; (iii) Is a public or nonprofit institution; (iv) Admits as a regular student only a person...

34 CFR 206.5 - What definitions apply to these programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE... Elementary school EDGAR Facilities Minor remodeling Nonprofit Private Project Public Secondary school... secondary school; (iii) Is a public or nonprofit institution; (iv) Admits as a regular student only a person...

34 CFR 206.5 - What definitions apply to these programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE... Elementary school EDGAR Facilities Minor remodeling Nonprofit Private Project Public Secondary school... secondary school; (iii) Is a public or nonprofit institution; (iv) Admits as a regular student only a person...

75 FR 13813 - High School Equivalency Program and College Assistance Migrant Program, the Federal TRIO Programs...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-23

... regulations to implement the new statutory requirement for a second review of unsuccessful applications for... practice with regard to the number of applications an eligible entity may submit under each of the TRIO... handling unsuccessful applications using a two-stage process (see section 402A(c)(8)(C) of the HEA...

S. 373. A Bill to Reauthorize the Program of Finance Assistance to Meet Special Educational Needs of Disadvantaged Children, and to Reauthorize Chapter 2 of the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act of 1981, through Fiscal Year 1993. Reported with an Amendment. 100th Congress, 1st Session.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate.

This document provides the text of Senate bill S. 373, reauthorizing the program of finance assistance to meet the special education needs of children of low-income families, children of migrant parents, Indian children, and handicapped, neglected, and delinquent children. Allocations and program requirements for the following types of programs…

7 CFR 225.6 - State agency responsibilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SUMMER FOOD SERVICE PROGRAM State Agency Provisions § 225.6 State agency... assistance under this Act or the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1771 et seq.), whether received... proposes to provide a food service for the children of migrant workers; a failure to do so would deny the...

7 CFR 225.6 - State agency responsibilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SUMMER FOOD SERVICE PROGRAM State Agency Provisions § 225.6 State agency... assistance under this Act or the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1771 et seq.), whether received... proposes to provide a food service for the children of migrant workers; a failure to do so would deny the...

7 CFR 225.6 - State agency responsibilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SUMMER FOOD SERVICE PROGRAM State Agency Provisions § 225.6 State agency... assistance under this Act or the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1771 et seq.), whether received... proposes to provide a food service for the children of migrant workers; a failure to do so would deny the...

Assessing the Acceptability and Usability of an Internet-Based Intelligent Health Assistant Developed for Use among Turkish Migrants: Results of a Study Conducted in Bremen, Germany

PubMed Central

Samkange-Zeeb, Florence; Ernst, Sinja Alexandra; Klein-Ellinghaus, Funda; Brand, Tilman; Reeske-Behrens, Anna; Plumbaum, Till; Zeeb, Hajo

2015-01-01

The Internet offers a new chance for health professionals to reach population groups not usually reached through traditional information channels, for example, migrants. Criticism has, however, been raised that most health information on the Internet is not easy to read and lacks cultural sensitivity. We developed an Internet-based bilingual health assistant especially for Turkish migrants in Germany, tested its acceptance, and evaluated its usability in a participatory research design with families with and without Turkish migrant background. The interactive health assistant covered the following: nutrition, physical activity, overweight, diabetes, as well as pregnancy and pregnancy support. The idea of an Internet-based health assistant was generally accepted by all participants of the evaluation study, as long as it would be incorporated in existing appliances, such as smartphones. The bilingual nature of the assistant was welcomed especially by first generation migrants, but migrant participants also indicated that not all health information needed to be made available in a culture-specific way. The participants were least satisfied with the nutrition component, which they felt should include recipes and ingredients from the culture of origin, as well as specific aspects of food preparation. PMID:26633455

Assessing the Acceptability and Usability of an Internet-Based Intelligent Health Assistant Developed for Use among Turkish Migrants: Results of a Study Conducted in Bremen, Germany.

PubMed

Samkange-Zeeb, Florence; Ernst, Sinja Alexandra; Klein-Ellinghaus, Funda; Brand, Tilman; Reeske-Behrens, Anna; Plumbaum, Till; Zeeb, Hajo

2015-12-03

The Internet offers a new chance for health professionals to reach population groups not usually reached through traditional information channels, for example, migrants. Criticism has, however, been raised that most health information on the Internet is not easy to read and lacks cultural sensitivity. We developed an Internet-based bilingual health assistant especially for Turkish migrants in Germany, tested its acceptance, and evaluated its usability in a participatory research design with families with and without Turkish migrant background. The interactive health assistant covered the following: nutrition, physical activity, overweight, diabetes, as well as pregnancy and pregnancy support. The idea of an Internet-based health assistant was generally accepted by all participants of the evaluation study, as long as it would be incorporated in existing appliances, such as smartphones. The bilingual nature of the assistant was welcomed especially by first generation migrants, but migrant participants also indicated that not all health information needed to be made available in a culture-specific way. The participants were least satisfied with the nutrition component, which they felt should include recipes and ingredients from the culture of origin, as well as specific aspects of food preparation.

Measures to facilitate the reintegration of returning migrant workers: international experiences.

PubMed

Lohrmann, R

1988-06-01

Bilateral and multilateral measures implemented to assist migrants who return to their country of origin have been designed to respond to a number of different but specific situations. 2 bilateral agreements are briefly described: 1) an agreement between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Republic of Turkey signed in the early 1970s, and 2) an agreement between France and Algeria signed in 1980. 3 different types of multilateral activities are described: 1) the operation of the so-called Return of Talent program by the Intergovernmental Committee for Migration, 2) the Transfer of KNow-how Through Expatriate Nationals program of the UN Development Programme, and 3) the elaboration of a model machinery on return migration by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. While the 1st 2 activities are operational programs, by which annually between 1000-2000 professionals are assisted in their permanent return to or temporary sojourn in their developing countries of origin, with the financial support of both the developed and the developing countries concerned, the 3rd initiative is a conceptual effort aimed at assisting governments to implement policy measures designed to make return migration commensurate with national development goals. 3 recent proposals include 1) the proposal for an international labor compensatory facility, 2) an international fund for vocational training, and 3) an international fund for manpower resources. A common factor shared by all these programs is that they have all involved on 1 side industrial receiving countries which feel themselves obliged to observe a number of principles guaranteed by law and which govern employment conditions and working relations. The reintegration measures implemented or proposed in cooperation with them have been adopted in full consideration of the prevailing standards of these countries, as different as they may be from 1 country to another. A common consideration has been that the returning migrant should reintegrate in his country of origin as far as possible in conditions allowing the returnee to attain self-sufficiency and social security coverage. However, this underlying context does not necessarily prevail in all world regions where different forms of labor migration take place. Therefore the measures experienced in the relationship of specific countries cannot be easily copied for implementation in other countries. Multilateral measures benefited a rather limited number of individuals only, in many instances skilled and highly skilled migrants.

1972 Migrant Education State Evaluation Report [North Carolina].

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina State Dept. of Public Instruction, Raleigh.

Having identified the migratory agricultural workers in North Carolina, the State has increased its efforts towards providing them physical, dental, and mental health care; vocational and employment counseling; day care; food; and emergency assistance. The State has also established programs and projects designed to meet the special educational…

Facilitators and Barriers to Health-Seeking Behaviours among Filipino Migrants: Inductive Analysis to Inform Health Promotion

PubMed Central

Salamonson, Y.; Descallar, J.; Davidson, P. M.

2015-01-01

Understanding factors that influence health-seeking behaviour of migrants is necessary to intervene for behaviour change. This paper explores Filipino migrants' perceptions of facilitators and barriers to maintaining health in Australia. Open-ended survey item responses reflecting factors that assisted and hindered health following migration to Australia were inductively analysed. Three hundred and thirty-seven of the 552 survey respondents (61%) provided open-ended responses. Responses were grouped into two major categories: individual factors, including personal resources and cultural influences, and environmental factors encompassing both the physical conditions in the host country and health service access. Awareness of practices that enhance health was a major personal facilitator of health-seeking behaviour; however, competing priorities of daily living were perceived as barriers. Cultural beliefs and practices influenced health-seeking behaviour. Despite high self-rated English language skills in this population, new migrants and the elderly cited communication difficulties as barriers to accessing health services. Insight into facilitators and barriers to health-seeking behaviour in this less researched migrant population revealed tools for enhancing engagement in health promotion programs addressing healthy lifestyle. PMID:26380277

Social networks in the migration process: empirical evidence on chain migration in India.

PubMed

Banerjee, B

1983-01-01

This study, based on interviews with 1615 migrant heads of household in Delhi, was concerned with interactions between labor migrants and their urban-based contacts. 86% of the rural migrants reported having relatives and/or covillagers living in Delhi at the time of their arrival, and virtually all received some form of assistance from their contacts. A preference for assistance from relatives rather than covillagers was noted, suggesting that migrants regarded kinship bonds as stronger than village and caste ties. However, covillagers tended to be contacted if relatives failed to secure a job for the new migrants within a reasonable time. The moves of only 17% of the sample could be classified under delayed family migration (relocation of family members in lagged stages). The tendency for traditional norms to be relaxed in an urban setting is reflected in the finding that the places of origin of migrants and their urban-based relatives differed in about half the cases that involved assistance from relatives. In addition, 13% of migrants violated traditional norms by seeking assistance from female agnates and kin affinally linked through these women. The most common pattern of assistance provided by both relatives and covillagers included room, food, and job search; however, new migrants tended to prefer to obtain board and lodging from relatives. Migrants helped by primary male agnates were twice as likely to receive money as those helped by other relatives. A consequence of chain migration is the concentration of persons from the same village or kinship network in particular occupations. 36% of the wage employees in the sample had relatives and/or covillagers working for the same employer. This suggests that migration induced by urban-based contacts (accounting for 42% of the migration in this sample) will be low if the sectors in which job opportunities are expanding are dominated by nonmigrants. Given the prevalence of chain migration, the contribution of migration to urban unemployment is likely to be fairly low.

Alternative Secondary Mathematics Programs for Migrant Students: Cultural and Linguistic Considerations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Celedon-Pattichis, Sylvia

This chapter describes various programs providing secondary mathematics curricula to migrant students and discusses some challenges of integrating the cultural and linguistic experiences of migrant students learning mathematics. Among the distance-education programs designed for migrant students, the University of Texas Migrant Program delivers 22…

[Prevention among migrants: Participation, migrant sensitive strategies and programme characteristics].

PubMed

Brand, T; Kleer, D; Samkange-Zeeb, F; Zeeb, Hajo

2015-06-01

Health promotion and prevention can contribute to a long, healthy life in populations both with and without migrant background. This paper provides an overview on migrant participation in prevention programmes in Germany. Furthermore, we describe migrant sensitive prevention strategies and characteristics of prevention programmes for migrants in Germany. With regard to participation in prevention programmes, lower vaccination rates are found among children and adolescents who migrated to Germany after birth. Among adults with a migrant background, we found lower participation in general health check-ups, oral health check-ups, cancer screening programs and influenza vaccination. Migrant sensitive prevention strategies address the visual style of the material, a target group specific risk communication, language requirements, a systematic involvement of the target group, and the recognition of deeply rooted sociocultural practices and beliefs. On analyzing a large database on prevention programs in Germany, we found only a few programmes that were exclusively targeted to migrant groups (0.6%). In 16.6% of the programs migrants were addressed as the target group among others. Compared to general population programs, programs for migrants were more often exclusively directed towards girls or women. Moreover, programs for migrants used community-based approaches more often and addressed different age groups. Although information on migrant participation in prevention programs and utilization of migrant sensitive strategies is still incomplete, we can assume that there is a need for diversity-oriented, migrant sensitive prevention.

Texas Labor Mobility, Experimental and Demonstration Project. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas Employment Commission, Austin.

The Texas Labor Mobility Project's purpose was to demonstrate the effectiveness of using financial assistance to create stability in migrant workers and to reduce unemployment. The program was designed as a research project to gather information about all phases of the Mobility Project. This was handled through the Texas Employment Commission. In…

34 CFR 206.3 - Who is eligible to participate in a project?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE... must— (1) Not have earned a secondary school diploma or its equivalent; (2) Not be currently enrolled in an elementary or secondary school; (3) Be 16 years of age or over, or beyond the age of compulsory...

34 CFR 206.3 - Who is eligible to participate in a project?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE... must— (1) Not have earned a secondary school diploma or its equivalent; (2) Not be currently enrolled in an elementary or secondary school; (3) Be 16 years of age or over, or beyond the age of compulsory...

34 CFR 206.3 - Who is eligible to participate in a project?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE... must— (1) Not have earned a secondary school diploma or its equivalent; (2) Not be currently enrolled in an elementary or secondary school; (3) Be 16 years of age or over, or beyond the age of compulsory...

34 CFR 206.3 - Who is eligible to participate in a project?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND OTHER SEASONAL FARMWORK-HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM AND COLLEGE ASSISTANCE... must— (1) Not have earned a secondary school diploma or its equivalent; (2) Not be currently enrolled in an elementary or secondary school; (3) Be 16 years of age or over, or beyond the age of compulsory...

78 FR 76136 - Application for New Awards; College Assistance Migrant Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-16

..., including minorities, individuals with disabilities, and women. Note: Applicants could consider increasing... application that proposes a budget exceeding $425,000 for any of the five single budget periods of 12 months... CAMP award that is less than $180,000 for any of the five single budget periods of 12 months. Estimated...

Migrant Education Health Program 1990. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Colorado State Dept. of Health, Denver.

The Colorado Migrant Education Program and the Colorado Migrant Health Program (CMHP) together plan and implement a comprehensive health program for migrant summer school students on a yearly basis. This report provides statistical data about the health status of the migrant students and the health services provided to them during the 1990…

Access to healthcare for undocumented migrants in France: a critical examination of State Medical Assistance.

PubMed

André, Jean-Marie; Azzedine, Fabienne

2016-01-01

In France in 2012, of the total population of 65.2 million, 8.7 % were migrants. After being the third principal host country, France is now the 6th highest host country in the OECD. Since the 1980's numerous Acts have been passed by parliament on immigration issues. In 2000 the Universal Health Cover (Couverture Maladie Universelle) was created as health coverage for all residents of France. At the same time the State Medical Assistance (Aide Médicale de l'Etat) was created as health protection for undocumented migrants. Since the creation of this scheme, it has been the object of many political debates which call it into question, on account of its cost, perceived fraud, and the legitimacy of a social protection for undocumented migrants. Recently, access to State Medical Assistance has been made difficult by introducing conditions of residence and financial contributions. After a reports' analysis on institutional, associative, research studies and European recommendations, we note that all reports converge on the necessity of health protection for undocumented migrants. The major reasons are humanitarian, respect of European and International conventions, for public health, and financial. Moreover, fraud allegations have proved to be unfounded. Finally, State Medical Assistance is underused: in 2014 data from Médecins du Monde shows that only 10.2 % of undocumented migrant patients in their health facilities have access to this scheme. We conclude that the political debate concerning the State Medical Assistance should be about its under-utilisation, its improvement, its merger with the Universal Health Cover, and not its elimination. Moreover, the current debates regarding this scheme stigmatize this population, which is already precarious, making it more difficult for migrants to access healthcare, and generally, weaken national social cohesion.

Health and legal literacy for migrants: twinned strands woven in the cloth of social justice and the human right to health care.

PubMed

Vissandjée, Bilkis; Short, Wendy E; Bates, Karine

2017-04-13

Based on an analysis of published literature, this paper provides an over-view of the challenges associated with delivering on the right to access quality health care for international migrants to industrialized countries, and asks which group of professionals is best equipped to provide services that increase health and legal literacy. Both rights and challenges are approached from a social justice perspective with the aim of identifying opportunities to promote greater health equity. That is, to go beyond the legal dictates enshrined in principles of equality, and target as an ethical imperative a situation where all migrants receive the particular assistance they need to overcome the barriers that inhibit their equitable access to health care. This assistance is especially important for migrant groups that are further disadvantaged by differing cultural constructions of gender. Viewing the topic from this perspective makes evident a gap in both research literature and policy. The review has found that while health literacy is debated and enshrined as a policy objective, and consideration is given to improving legal literacy as a means of challenging social injustice in developing nations, however, no discussion has been identified that considers assisting migrants to gain legal literacy as a step toward achieving not only health literacy and improved health outcomes, but critical participation as members of their adoptive society. Increasing migrant health literacy, amalgamated with legal literacy, aids migrants to better access their human right to appropriate care, which in turn demonstrably assists in increasing social engagement, citizenship and productivity. However what is not evident in the literature, is which bureaucratic or societal group holds responsibility for assisting migrants to develop critical citizenship literacy skills. This paper proposes that a debate is required to determine both who is best placed to provide services that increase health and legal literacy, and how they should be resourced, trained and equipped.

The Healthy Migrant Families Initiative: development of a culturally competent obesity prevention intervention for African migrants.

PubMed

Renzaho, Andre M N; Halliday, Jennifer A; Mellor, David; Green, Julie

2015-03-19

Although obesity among immigrants remains an important area of study given the increasing migrant population in Australia and other developed countries, research on factors amenable to intervention is sparse. The aim of the study was to develop a culturally-competent obesity prevention program for sub-Saharan African (SSA) families with children aged 12-17 years using a community-partnered participatory approach. A community-partnered participatory approach that allowed the intervention to be developed in collaborative partnership with communities was used. Three pilot studies were carried out in 2008 and 2009 which included focus groups, interviews, and workshops with SSA parents, teenagers and health professionals, and emerging themes were used to inform the intervention content. A cultural competence framework containing 10 strategies was developed to inform the development of the program. Using findings from our scoping research, together with community consultations through the African Review Panel, a draft program outline (skeleton) was developed and presented in two separate community forums with SSA community members and health professionals working with SSA communities in Melbourne. The 'Healthy Migrant Families Initiative (HMFI): Challenges and Choices' program was developed and designed to assist African families in their transition to life in a new country. The program consists of nine sessions, each approximately 1 1/2 hours in length, which are divided into two modules based on the topic. The first module 'Healthy lifestyles in a new culture' (5 sessions) focuses on healthy eating, active living and healthy body weight. The second module 'Healthy families in a new culture' (4 sessions) focuses on parenting, communication and problem solving. The sessions are designed for a group setting (6-12 people per group), as many of the program activities are discussion-based, supported by session materials and program resources. Strong partnerships and participation by SSA migrant communities enabled the design of a culturally competent and evidence-based intervention that addresses obesity prevention through a focus on healthy lifestyles and healthy families. Program implementation and evaluation will further inform obesity prevention interventions for ethnic minorities and disadvantaged communities.

California Medi-Corps Evaluation Report Summer 1980.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rice, Joseph P.

Using data obtained from two external evaluators, health assistants, team leaders/coordinators, and migrant pupil service delivery forms, the evaluation examined the supervision services; preservice workshops; whether health education assistants were directly serving migrant pupils and functioning at levels of competence commensurate with their…

Maine Migrant Program: 1997-1998 Program Evaluation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bazinet, Suzanne C., Ed.

The Maine Department of Education contracts with local educational agencies to administer the Maine Migrant Education Program. The program's overall mission is to provide the support necessary for migrant children to achieve Maine's academic standards. In 1997-98, 73 local migrant programs served 9,838 students, and 63 summer programs served 1,769…

The Impact of Utilising Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) on Vocabulary Acquisition among Migrant Women English Learners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahmad, Kham Sila; Armarego, Jocelyn; Sudweeks, Fay

2017-01-01

Aim/Purpose: To develop a framework for utilizing Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) to assist non-native English migrant women to acquire English vocabulary in a non-formal learning setting. Background: The women in this study migrated to Australia with varied backgrounds including voluntary or forced migration, very low to high levels of…

34 CFR 200.80 - Migrant Education Even Start Program definition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Migrant Education Even Start Program definition. 200.80... DISADVANTAGED Even Start Family Literacy Program § 200.80 Migrant Education Even Start Program definition. Eligible participants under the Migrant Education Even Start Program (MEES) must meet the definitions of a...

75 FR 3212 - Office of Elementary and Secondary Education; College Assistance Migrant Program (CAMP)

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-20

... Federal Register. Free Internet access to the official edition of the Federal Register and the Code of... (FRS), toll free, at 1-800-877-8339. Accessible Format: Individuals with disabilities can obtain this... published in the Federal Register, in text or Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) on the Internet at the...

7 CFR 3560.574 - Operating assistance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... contribution of 30 percent of the average adjusted monthly income of migrant farmworker households in the area... be set at rates that are affordable to very low and low-income migrant farmworkers. (a) Project... of operating assistance requested by the owner must be based on the project's actual income and...

7 CFR 3560.574 - Operating assistance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... contribution of 30 percent of the average adjusted monthly income of migrant farmworker households in the area... be set at rates that are affordable to very low and low-income migrant farmworkers. (a) Project... of operating assistance requested by the owner must be based on the project's actual income and...

A Case Study in Interagency Collaboration: Colorado Migrant Health Program--Colorado Migrant Education Program. Final Report Migrant Education Health Program, 1987.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Colorado State Dept. of Health, Denver.

This report of Colorado's 1987 Migrant Education Health Program details activities under the program, a cooperative undertaking by the state Health and Education departments. The report was written to provide: (1) assurance that the program's services have been within the scope and financial estimates of the interagency agreement; (2) a body of…

A Compendium of the Title I Migrant Program: Project Information.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Caperton, Bill; And Others

The rationale for establishing a migrant student program and a description of innovative programs are contained in this report of the statewide migrant project in New Mexico for fiscal year 1968. The program, representing the first major attempt at providing compensatory education services for New Mexico's migrant students, was initiated in the…

PLANNING FLORIDA'S MIGRANT EDUCATION PROGRAM, REPORT OF THE WORKSHOP (CHINSEGUT HILL, JULY 18-27, 1966).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee.

THIS WORKSHOP REPORT STATES THE GOALS OF THE WORKSHOP, LISTS ITS PARTICIPANTS, AND PROVIDES EXCERPTS FROM SPEECHES MADE. MIGRANT ADULT EDUCATION, MIGRANT STUDENT EDUCATION, MIGRANT PRESCHOOLS, AND THE HISTORY OF FLORIDA'S MIGRANT EDUCATION PROGRAM ARE DISCUSSED. METHODS ARE SUGGESTED TO IDENTIFY THE MIGRANT STUDENT'S EDUCATIONAL LEVEL, TO TRANSFER…

California Master Plan for Migrant Education, 1976 Edition (Plan Maestro de California para Educacion Migrante, Edicion de 1976).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California State Dept. of Education, Sacramento. Div. of Compensatory Education.

Based on the national migrant education plan, California's master plan aims to mobilize the necessary State and Federal resources, and to unify and assist the efforts of local educational agencies to end the migrant child's failure in school. The plan includes provisions for: instructional activities on a regular and extended year basis designed…

National Evaluation of the Even Start Family Literacy Program: Report on Migrant Even Start Projects.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levin, Marjorie; Gamse, Beth; Swartz, Janet; Tao, Fumiyo; Tarr, Hope

In fall 1994, 14 state Migrant Education Programs were receiving direct federal grants to administer Migrant Even Start projects. These projects provide migrant families with an integrated program of early childhood education, adult education, and parenting education. As part of the national evaluation of the Even Start Family Literacy Program,…

Passages: A Celebration of Migrant Arts. A Guide to the [1991] Exhibition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roark-Calnek, Sue

This booklet accompanied a 1991 exhibition of migrant arts, mounted by CAMPS (Creative Artists Migrant Program Services) and an ongoing program of collection and documentation research on migrant folk arts at the BOCES Geneseo Migrant Center. There are four passages in migrant lives: through historical time, through space, through the seasons of…

Glendive Migrant Program. Dedicated to Meeting the Needs of Migrant Children and Their Families.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trangmoe, John

The Glendive Migrant Program, a 1989 exemplary Chapter 1 program, is a 5-week summer project serving the children of migrant families working in a 60-mile area along the Yellowstone River valley, Montana. The program serves approximately 110 students, ages 1-18. Instructors, supervisors, and aides work with nursery, preschool, and elementary-age…

Annual Medical Report of the Coastal Bend Migrant Council Health Project, San Patricio Migrant Health Center (Texas), 1973-1974.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krebethe, William F.

The primary goal of the migrant health project in San Patricio County, Texas was to establish out-patient family health care for migrant and seasonal farmworkers. Several accomplishments were made. By using a physician assistant, the clinic was able to add an additional work without the necessity of extending their hours. The dental services have…

Vocational Education for Migrant Youth. Information Series No. 238.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Picou, J. Steven

This paper is intended to assist vocational educators in meeting the career development needs and aspirations of migrant youth. It examines the unique characteristics of migrant youth and develops a general life-cycle model of their vocational development. This comparative analysis provides the vocational educator with a basis for identifying…

Study of Modified School Programs for Migrant Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Southwest Educational Development Lab., Austin, TX.

The findings, implications, and recommendations of a Texas migrant education study were presented in this report. Objectives were to determine how educational achievement of migrant students in 6-month programs compares with that of students in 9-month modified programs for migrants and with other students in the community, the effects of…

An Enrichment Program for Migrant Students: MENTE/UOP.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilbert, Michael B.

The report describes the objectives and accomplishments of a summer enrichment program, Migrantes Envueltos en Nuevos Temas de Educacion/Migrants Engaged in New Themes in Education (MENTE), for promising and talented migrant high schoolers. The program is a cooperative one with a university. Students selected by a review committee are tested for…

Rural-urban migration and socioeconomic development in Ghana: some discussions.

PubMed

Twumasi-ankrah, K

1995-01-01

This article presents a discussion of rural-urban migration as a source of social and behavioral change in Ghana. It explores the extent to which the urban social environment in Ghana generates conflicts for migrants with a different value orientation and the degree of influence of the urban social environment on migrants' behavior. The first part of the discussion focuses on the nature of Ghana's urbanization process, the motivation and characteristics of rural-urban migrants, and the nature of the social interaction between migrants and the social urban environment. Migrants contribute directly and indirectly to rural development in many ways. Some urban migrants achieve economic and material wealth and, through their attachment to voluntary tribal associations, assist local community development. Government can augment this process of migrant investment in rural life by identifying these actions as patriotic efforts and awarding citizenship medals or challenge grants. Governments need to review their citizenship laws carefully in light of the "brain drain" issues in the new world order and maximize the flow of resources, technical skills, and ideas from international migrants. A high-quality rural labor force can be enticed to live in rural areas by offering higher salaries and benefits, low income tax rates, better housing, and rural electrification and sanitation. Private firms should be offered incentives to locate in rural areas and increase employment opportunities for rural labor. Career advancement of development planners should be tied to program success or some form of public accountability for careful allocation of resources in rural areas. Fertility policies should be sensitive to urban subgroups. Urban and rural social differences are minor and do not impede urban assimilation, but unemployment and underemployment are problems for many.

Current Practices: Future Directions. Outreach Meeting Report (3rd, Portland, Oregon, May 3, 1989).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morse, Susan

This document reports on the Migrant Education Secondary Assistance Project's third and final outreach meeting, conducted in conjunction with the National Migrant Education Conference attended by migrant educators from across the nation. These educators have identified effective preventative strategies such as the elimination of grade retention,…

Influences on Healthy-Eating Decision Making in Latino Adolescent Children of Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Workers.

PubMed

Kilanowski, Jill F

2016-01-01

Latino children demonstrate high rates of unhealthy weight, and children of Latino migrant and seasonal agricultural workers are heavier than their Latino peers. This one-group, cross-sectional, mixed-methods pilot study explored healthy-eating decision making with 12- to 14-year-olds recruited from a Midwest summer migrant education program. Demographics, decision-making, self-efficacy, and social support survey instruments were used, along with gender-specific focus groups. In the convenience sample, which included 24 participants, students felt varying degrees of uncertainty when choosing healthy foods in social situations, and 67% made poor-quality decisions. Parents offered greater support for healthy eating compared with friends. Qualitative analyses identified three themes: healthy decision making includes fruits, vegetables, and physical activity; mothers have influence over health and healthy decisions; and friends encourage unhealthy food choices. Influences on healthy-eating decision making in Latino adolescent children of migrant and seasonal agricultural workers, which were previously missing from the literature, were identified. Future research includes development of interventions to assist these adolescents with healthy-eating decision making. Copyright © 2016 National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Migrant Education Administrative Handbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Louisiana State Dept. of Education, Baton Rouge. Bureau of Migrant Education.

Intended to provide information pertaining to the administration of migrant education projects in Louisiana, the handbook is divided into two sections: basic guidelines for program operations and support services--nursing. Section I covers the Federal and State migrant program, local migrant projects, project personnel and staff development, and…

Migrant Education Administrative Handbook. Revised April 1973.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina State Dept. of Public Instruction, Raleigh. Div. of Compensatory Education.

The revised handbook provides specific references to the legislation and the National Migrant Program Guidelines, while setting forth the administrative procedures required for migrant projects in North Carolina. Specific topics of discussion in migrant program administration cover Public Law 89-750, state and local educational agency…

Office of Migrant Education: Program and Grant Information.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (ED), Washington, DC. Migrant Education Programs.

This document describes programs available through the Office of Migrant Education for migratory children from preschool through grade 12 or up to age 22. The Migrant Education Program supports high-quality and comprehensive educational programs for migratory children to address disruptions in schooling. Funds, which are allocated to states on the…

African Past: Migrant Present. A Guide to the Exhibition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Twining, Mary Arnold; Roark-Calnek, Sue

This exhibit guide describes an exhibition of African folk arts produced by seasonal migrant farmworkers in western New York State. Workers come from the American South, Haiti, Puerto Rico, and Jamaica. The exhibition pieces were collected through the BOCES Geneseo Migrant Center's Folk Arts Program and Creative Artists Migrant Program Services…

Report to the State Department of Education Task Force on Migrant Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rollason, Wendell N.

The report presents Redlands Christian Migrant Association's (RCMA's) position on Florida's Migrant Education Program, the program changes sought by RCMA, and background and back-up materials. The packet of materials includes brief discussions of the background and reactivation of the Task Force on Migrant Education; State Board of Education…

Promising Practices for Home/School Partnerships.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Salerno, Anne; Fink, Mary

This report contains profiles of 18 innovative and successful parent involvement programs for migrant families. The programs were selected based on recommendations from State Directors of Migrant Education and migrant educators and on a search of the ERIC database. Each profile includes sponsoring institution or agency, program format, program…

A Study of Informal Out-of-School Programs with Migrant Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dik, David

The purposes of this study were to determine the educational impact of an out-of-school informal migrant program, and to discover materials, techniques, methods, and guidelines for similar programs with migrant children. The Orange County, New York 4-H program was evaluated weekly and a record of successful projects, staff training procedures, and…

42 CFR 56.503 - Project elements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... SERVICES Grants for Planning and Developing Migrant Health Programs § 56.503 Project elements. A project for the planning and development of a migrant health program supported under this subpart must: (a... an assessment of need of the population proposed to be served by the migrant health program for the...

Evaluation of the use of audio-enhanced personal digital assistants to survey Latino migrant farmworkers.

PubMed

Kilanowski, Jill F; Trapl, Erika S

2010-04-01

We describe the feasibility of audio-enhanced personal digital assistants (ADPAs) for data collection with 60 Latino migrant farmworkers. All participants chose to complete APDA surveys rather than using paper-and-pencil. No one left the study prematurely: two (3%) data cases were lost due to technical difficulties. Across all data .27% missing data were observed: nine missing responses on eight items. Participants took 19 minutes on average to complete the 58-question survey. The factor most influential for completion was education level. APDA methodology enabled both English- and Spanish-speaking Latino migrant farmworkers to become active research participants with minimal loss of data. (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Evaluation of the Use of Audio-Enhanced Personal Digital Assistants to Survey Latino Migrant Farmworkers

PubMed Central

Kilanowski, Jill F.; Trapl, Erika S.

2011-01-01

We describe the feasibility of audio-enhanced personal digital assistants (ADPAs) for data collection with 60 Latino migrant farmworkers. All participants chose to complete APDA surveys rather than using paper-and-pencil. No one left the study prematurely: two (3%) data cases were lost due to technical difficulties. Across all data .27% missing data were observed: nine missing responses on eight items. Participants took 19 minutes on average to complete the 58-question survey. The factor most influential for completion was education level. APDA methodology enabled both English- and Spanish-speaking Latino migrant farmworkers to become active research participants with minimal loss of data. PMID:20135629

Evaluation Design 1978-1979: ESAA Title I Migrant Program. Publication Number 78.11.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Friedman, Myron; And Others

To collect and disseminate information relevant to the accountability and program components of the Title I Migrant Program in the Austin school district and to report to the Texas Education Agency through interim and final reports on how well the migrant program is meeting its stated objectives for 1978-79 are the functions of the evaluation for…

Migrant Action Program. Annual Report, 1972.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Migrant Action Program, Mason City, IA.

The philosophy behind and the operations of the Iowa Migrant Action Program (MAP) are discussed in this 1972 annual report. In developing its programs, MAP emphasizes self-determination as a key factor in redirecting the migrant to a life style different from the one he has known. MAP's various projects are intended to economically upgrade the…

Educational Options for Migrant Secondary Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morales, Jeanette A.; And Others

Designed to address the need for secondary migrant educators to have access to model secondary programs, the guide highlights some 20 state and national programs that seem to be effective in serving the migrant secondary student. The programs are representative of three types of approaches which have proven to be effective in reducing the migrant…

Migrant Education, Interstate Secondary Credit Accrual and Acceptance Manual: Practical Guidelines for School Personnel Serving Migrant Secondary Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Villarreal, Gay Callaway

Migrant students graduation rates, although improving, are still significantly lower than those of their non-migrant peers. This manual is a comprehensive reference guide for Chapter 1 Migrant Program personnel counselors and teachers serving migrant students at the secondary level. Migrant students are those who move across school district…

Migrant Education Programs Under ESEA Title I Migrant Amendment. (Programas de Educacion Migrante bajo el Titulo I de ESEA.)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Minkler, Elton D.

Migrant Education Programs are designed for those students who, because of the migratory nature of their parents' employment, are required to move from one school district to another during the school year. In many instances these students, because of sporadic attendance and discontinuity of their educational experiences, have found it difficult,…

Summer Educational Program for the Children of Migrant Agricultural Workers, 1976. [North Dakota].

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Dakota State Dept. of Public Instruction, Bismarck.

During the summer of 1976, North Dakota's 10 migrant centers enrolled more than 2,500 migrant children, ranging from a few days to 18 years of age. All students were entered in the Migrant Student Record Transfer System. A basic remedial program emphasizing instruction in reading, language arts, and math with some time devoted to science and…

Social effects of migration in receiving countries.

PubMed

Ohndorf, W

1989-06-01

This paper examines the impact of post-1945 migration into Western, Middle, and Northern Europe from Southern Europe, Turkey, and Northern Africa, and migration to the traditional immigration countries by Asian and Latin American immigrants, on the social structures of receiving countries. Between 1955 and 1974, 1) traditional migration to the US and Australia became less important for European countries while traditional receiving countries accepted many immigrants from developing countries; and 2) rapid economic revival in Western and Northern Europe caused a considerable labor shortage which was filled by migrant workers especially from Southern Europe, Turkey, and Northern Africa, who stayed only until they reached their economic goals. Since 1974, job vacancies have declined and unemployment has soared. This employment crisis caused some migrants 1) to return to their countries of origin, 2) to bring the rest of their families to the receiving country, or 3) to lengthen their stay considerably. The number of refugees has also significantly increased since the mid-970s, as has the number of illegal migrants. After the mid-1970s, Europe began to experience integration problems. The different aspects of the impact of migration on social structures include 1) improvement of the housing situation for foreigners, 2) teaching migrants the language of the receiving country, 3) solving the unemployment problem of unskilled migrants, 4) improvement of educational and vocational qualifications of 2nd generation migrants, 5) development of programs to help unemployed wives of migrants to learn the language and meet indigenous women, 6) encouraging migrants to maintain their cultural identity and assisting them with reintegration if they return to their original country, 7) coping with the problems of refugees, and 8) solving the problems of illegal migration. Almost all receiving countries now severely restrict further immigration. [Those policies should result in improved development of aid policies towards sending countries. Immigration from other countries to those of the European Economic community should be limited to that for humanitarian reasons.

Exploring domestic violence and social distress in Australian-Indian migrants through community theater.

PubMed

O'Connor, Manjula; Colucci, Erminia

2016-02-01

In many parts of the world, young adult women have higher levels of common mental disorders than men. The exacerbation of domestic violence (DV) by migration is a salient social determinant of poor mental health. Ecological models describe factors contributing to DV as operating at individual, family, cultural, and societal levels. We explored the interplay among these factors in an Indian community living in Melbourne, Australia, in a qualitative participatory action research study using a modified Forum Theater approach. We here present findings on connections between migration, societal factors, and social/family/cultural factors in DV. The study captured the voices of women living in the community as they describe how DV contributes to their emotional difficulties. Improved understanding of the sociocultural dynamics of DV and the associated social distress in this migrant Indian community can be used to guide the development of culturally sensitive prevention and response programs to assist migrant women from the Indian subcontinent who present with psychopathology and suicidal behaviors associated with DV. © The Author(s) 2015.

Guidebook: In-Camp Education for Migrant Farmworkers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lynch, Robert; Smith, Mona

An In-Camp Learning Program focuses on the specific needs of the out-of-school youth and adult migrant farmworker. Although its primary intent is that of education, the program addresses other areas such as health and social services. In 1976, New York's In-Camp Learning Program served 400 migrant farmworkers in 15 camps in the counties of…

Family Violence and Migrant Women: Implications for Practice. Migrant Clinicians Network Clinical Supplement.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rodriguez, Rachel; And Others

1993-01-01

This newsletter supplement is devoted to the theme of domestic violence affecting migrant women. It contains four articles describing programs providing violence prevention education to migrant women and children. "Family Violence and Migrant Women: Implications for Practice" (Rachel Rodriguez) discusses the social isolation of migrant women;…

76 FR 23314 - Notice of Proposed Information Collection Requests

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-26

... and Secondary Education Type of Review: Extension. Title of Collection: Migrant Education Program (MEP) Migrant Student Information Exchange (MSIX) User Application. OMB Control Number: 1810-0686. Agency Form...: State educational agencies (SEAs) with Migrant Education Programs collect information from state and...

76 FR 40888 - Notice of Submission for OMB Review

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-12

... and Secondary Education Type of Review: Extension. Title of Collection: Migrant Education Program (MEP) Migrant Student Information Exchange (MSIX) User Application. OMB Control Number: 1810-0686. Agency Form... educational agencies (SEAs) with Migrant Education Programs collect information from state and local education...

Annual Evaluation Report 1980-1981.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boynton, Mary

The report reviews the Colorado Migrant Education Resource Center's (CoMERC's) progress from September 1980 through September 1981 in accomplishing the following goals: conducting needs assessment for training and for migrant education materials; providing training and technical and programatic assistance to local education agencies (LEA's);…

34 CFR 206.1 - What are the special educational programs for students whose families are engaged in migrant and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What are the special educational programs for students whose families are engaged in migrant and other seasonal farmwork? 206.1 Section 206.1 Education..., DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS FOR STUDENTS WHOSE FAMILIES ARE ENGAGED IN MIGRANT AND...

White-collar foreign workers in Taiwan.

PubMed

Kanjanapan, W

1992-01-01

"This paper will provide some insights on both capital-assisted and non capital-assisted migrants. Drawing upon government statistics from various sources, the analysis will begin with an examination of the links between DFI [direct foreign investment] inflows and the movement of foreign professionals. Then, a qualitative analysis of case studies of Americans who are language teachers will be used to assess some background characteristics of this particular group of migrants, their international migration process, their work experience as well as their adjustment to the host society." excerpt

Housing for Migrant Agricultural Workers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simons, J. W.; And Others

Intended to assist the producer in meeting the housing regulations of Federal, state, and local governments for migratory workers and thereby to attract better labor through adequate housing, this agricultural handbook contains discussions of the migrant-labor situation; regulations and standards; general housing considerations (i.e., length of…

Finding Migrant Children in New Jersey.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New Jersey State Dept. of Education, Trenton.

This pamphlet was designed to answer questions frequently asked about the participation of migrant children in the Title I/Migrant Education Program in New Jersey. It discusses local school districts' strategies for identifying migrant students and how migrant children are defined. The pamphlet also covers: (1) employment considered temporary or…

Infection of the Invisible: Impressions of a Tuberculosis Intervention Program for Migrants in Istanbul.

PubMed

Yasin, Yesim; Biehl, Kristen; Erol, Maral

2015-10-01

This paper reviews the experience of the Istanbul Tuberculosis Aid Program, which targeted tuberculosis (TB) disease in the growing irregular migrant populations of Istanbul. This experience illustrated the importance of community-based public health interventions when dealing with an infectious disease like TB among vulnerable groups. Our data is derived primarily from a qualitative study carried out with program stakeholders. We summarize lessons for success of ITAP as: (1) Strengthening impact and outreach of TB intervention among irregular migrant communities through involvement of multiple stakeholders (2) Increasing TB awareness through a community targeted approach (3) Increasing TB contact tracing and treatment success among infected irregular migrants, and, (4) Improving overall health seeking behavior of irregular migrants through empowerment and trust. Given these particularities we list our policy suggestions for revision of regulations regarding TB control and healthcare needs of irregular migrant populations.

Migrant Education Program. Comprehensive Needs Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Minnesota Department of Education, 2013

2013-01-01

The primary purpose of the Minnesota Migrant Education Program (MEP) is to help migrant children and youth overcome challenges of mobility, frequent absences, late enrollment into school, social isolation, and other difficulties associated with a migratory life, in order that they might succeed in school. Furthermore, the Minnesota MEP must give…

An Aid to Comprehensive Planning for Migrant Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Mona, Comp.

Designed as a guide for all personnel involved in migrant projects, this pamphlet is a compilation of references derived from presentations made at the New York State Migrant Program Directors Conference held at Victor, New York, November 29-December 1, 1972. A short description of agency services and a list of sources for further information…

Evaluation of the 1979-80 Title-I Migrant Tutoring Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rincon, Ramon; Zepeda, R. A.

Using Spanish and/or English according to each student's need, the Migrant Tutoring Program (MTP) provided 20 minutes of tutoring daily in oral language development, language arts, and reading to 238 migrant students (K-6) in 17 schools during the year. Questionnaires designed for principals, teachers, and tutors were used to obtain process…

Migrant Education: The Politics of Building an Education System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, Washington, DC. Div. of Instruction and Professional Development.

Focusing on the roles of organized interest groups and cooperative alliances in constructing a migrant/mobile education system, this paper analyzes the major policy struggles encountered in building the migrant education program during its first 14 years and points out the program's direction for future growth. After a discussion of the basic…

Commonwealth ESL Arrangements and the Adult Migrant English Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sturgess, Annie

1996-01-01

Traces the history of the Commonwealth Government's commitment to English language provision to non-English-speaking migrants to Australia. Article presents a comprehensive picture of the Adult Migrant English program as it currently operates in the wake of major recent change. Article explores the place of tuition for English as a Second Language…

Migrant Health Program, 1969 Annual Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New Jersey State Dept. of Health, Trenton.

The New Jersey State Department of Health has placed increasing emphasis on high-quality health care since the first hospital-based Migrant Family Clinic replaced field clinics in 1965. Statistics show that medical services provided by the program reached 38% of all migrant workers in New Jersey at the peak of the 1969 crop season; however,…

Resources in Migrant Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

State Univ. of New York, Geneseo. Coll. at Geneseo. Migrant Center.

Providing an annotated listing of 206 publications on migrant education and related topics, this publication is divided into three sections: State Reports, New York State/Bureau of Migrant Education/Migrant Program Communications, and National Farmworker Information Clearinghouse (NFIC). The section "State Reports" lists evaluation reports,…

Clearing a Hurried Path: Study on Education Programs for Migrant Workers in Six Asian Countries.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Villalba, Noel C.

Against the backdrop of the Asian economic crisis, this study examined the range of education programs for migrant workers in six Asian countries. Surveys were returned from 145 migrant worker support organizations in three host countries--Hong Kong, South Korea, and Japan--and three sending countries--the Philippines, Indonesia, and India. The…

Organizando Comites Consejeros de Padres Para Programas de Educacion Migrante (Organizing Parent Advisory Committees for Migrant Education Programs).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gonzalez, Ramon

In order to help parents and community members participate more effectively and better understand the importance of their involvement in the planning and administration of migrant education programs in Oregon, the English-Spanish booklet suggests general procedures for organizing, leading, and training Parent Advisory Committees (PACs), required…

Operations Handbook for Migrant Student Medical Services, State of Washington Migrant Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hansen, William; Resendez, Ignacio

Intended as a guide in the development of a program of health services for migrant children, this operations manual designed by the State of Washington presents definitions, operational procedures, standards by which quality uniform physical examinations and linkage to health care systems can be established, and forms to be used in the program.…

The Pennsylvania Migrant Adult Model Curriculum Resource Guide: A Needs Assessment Approach.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Miriam Q.; Labriola, Robert J.

Providing a data basis for the planning and implementation of educational programs for migrant adults, this guide is a product of a year-long research effort which focused on the adult migrants in Pennsylvania, their educational needs and interests, the unique factors which should be considered in designing and providing educational programs and…

MIGRANT HEALTH PROGRAM, NEW JERSEY 1964.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DOUGHERTY, WILLIAM; AND OTHERS

A MAJOR EFFORT WAS MOUNTED TO INCREASE, EXTEND, AND IMPROVE HEALTH SERVICES FOR MIGRANT AGRICULTURAL WORKERS IN NEW JERSEY DURING THE SECOND YEAR OF OPERATION, 1964. THE MIGRANT HEALTH PROGRAM PROVIDED--(1) SERVICE TO 453 CAMPS, (2) OPPORTUNITY FOR 5,000 PERSONS TO COMMUNICATE WITH THE NURSE OR OTHER HEALTH WORKER WHO VISITED THE CAMP, AND (3)…

A Program for Preparing Teachers To Serve Handicapped Migrant Students in Rural Areas.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Joyce, Bonnie G.; And Others

Although children of migrant workers tend to have low educational achievement, there is a surprising lack of data concerning educational challenges faced by handicapped migrant children. It is often a teacher's advocacy that results in a student's enrollment in special education services. This paper describes a Florida program for training special…

Household Composition and Longitudinal Health Outcomes for Older Mexican Return Migrants

PubMed Central

Mudrazija, Stipica; López-Ortega, Mariana; Vega, William A.; Robledo, Luis Miguel Gutiérrez; Sribney, William

2016-01-01

Mexican return migrant population is increasing, yet our knowledge about their lives after resettlement in Mexico remains fragmentary. Using 2001–2012 longitudinal data from the Mexican Health and Aging Study, we investigate difference in household composition for older migrants who returned from the United States compared to nonmigrants. Furthermore, we fit a Cox proportional hazards model to assess the relationship between household composition and health and functional trajectories of return migrants and nonmigrants. The results indicate that return migrants with long duration of U.S. stay have different household composition than nonmigrants or short-term migrants: On average, they have smaller household size, including fewer females who may be available to offer assistance to older adults. Presence of middle-age females in the household has positive effects on health and functional trajectories. We highlight implications of this research for policy makers in Mexico and the United States. PMID:26966255

Violence committed against migrants in transit: experiences on the Northern Mexican border.

PubMed

Infante, César; Idrovo, Alvaro J; Sánchez-Domínguez, Mario S; Vinhas, Stéphane; González-Vázquez, Tonatiuh

2012-06-01

Thousands of Mexican and Central American migrants converge at the Mexico-United States border. Undocumented migrants in transit to the United States are vulnerable due to their lack of access to health care and legal assistance. This study attempts to provide evidence on the violent-related consequences that migration has on migrants. A mixed-method study was conducted between April 2006-May 2007 in shelters in Baja California, Mexicali and Tijuana, Mexico. 22 in depth interviews were performed and fifteen hundred and twelve migrants responded a questionnaire. Results from both in-depth interviews and the analysis of the quantitative data shows the different types of violence experiences by migrants which include threats, verbal abuse, and arbitrary detention based on ethnicity, as well as assaults, beatings and sexual violence. It is crucial to stress the importance and the need to evidence the condition in which migrants' transit to the US and to effectively respond to the violence they experience.

The Direction of Migrant Education as Revealed by Site Visits in Selected Counties of Six States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reiser, Emanuel

Field workers initially observed selected migrant programs in 30 counties in Arizona, California, Georgia, Florida, New Mexico, and Texas during a two-week period in early 1968. A two-day conference was then held, during which recommendations were made as to future direction in migrant education. Major strengths of the observed programs included a…

A Summary of State Chapter 1 Migrant Education Program Participation and Achievement Information, 1990-91.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henderson, Allison; And Others

This report summarizes participation and achievement data provided by state education agencies on the Chapter 1 Migrant Education Program for the 1990-91 school year. Of the 437,363 migrant students reported as an unduplicated count of regular and summer term participants, 79% were Hispanic, 11% were White, and 2-4% each were Black, American…

Operations Handbook for Migrant Student Dental Services.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hansen, William E.; Resendez, Ignacio V.

Migrant Education and the Superintendent of Public Instruction in the state of Washington have brought several agencies together to provide low cost dental services to migrant children. The program, initiated in 1980 and serving 138 children that year, has focused on the provision of preventative and emergency services. Migrant Education has…

Final Evaluation Report. 1976-1977. Title I Migrant Program. Publication Number: 76.59.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Austin Independent School District, TX. Office of Research and Evaluation.

The final evaluation of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act Title I Migrant Program in the Austin, Texas Independent School District is reported. The program consisted of instructional, student recruitment, parental involvement, health services, and clothing components. The instructional component included programs for pre-kindergarten…

Parker Migrant Summer Story. A Report from Parker Summer School Migrant Program: Kindergarten Through Grade Six.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pollard, Merel E., Comp.

Before the beginning of the summer school, a workshop was held for the teachers and aides to present ways to: (1) make migrant and American Indian children more aware of their heritage and (2) help them become more familiar with career possibilities. Objectives of the summer program were: (1) career exploration; (2) cultural enrichment (i.e., art,…

A Brief Description of a National Evaluation of the ESEA Title I Migrant Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cameron, Ben

The three objectives of this evaluation plan are: (1) to assess the impact of the Elementary Secondary Education Act (ESEA) Title I Migrant Program on the basic skill attainment and school attendance of participants in the second, fourth, and sixth grades; (2) to validate the migrant student counts used in the allocation of funds to the states;…

HIV epidemic in Far-Western Nepal: effect of seasonal labor migration to India

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Because of limited work opportunities in Nepal and the open-border provision between Nepal and India, a seasonal labor migration of males from Far-Western Nepal to India is common. Unsafe sexual activities of these migrants in India, such as frequent visits to brothels, lead to a high HIV prevalence among them and to a potential transmission upon their return home to Nepal. The present study aims to evaluate the role of such seasonal labor-migration to India on HIV transmission in Far-Western Nepal and to assess prevention programs. Methods An HIV epidemic model was developed for a population in Far-Western Nepal. The model was fitted to the data to estimate the back and forth mobility rates of labor-migrants to India, the HIV prevalence among migrants and the HIV transmission rate in Far-Western Nepal. HIV prevalence, new infections, disease deaths and HIV infections recruited from India were calculated. Prevention programs targeting the general population and the migrants were evaluated. Results Without any intervention programs, Far-Western Nepal will have about 7,000 HIV infected individuals returning from India by 2015, and 12,000 labor-migrants living with HIV in India. An increase of condom use among the general population from 39% to 80% will reduce new HIV infections due to sexual activity in Far-Western Nepal from 239 to 77. However, such a program loses its effectiveness due to the recruitment of HIV infections via returning migrants from India. The reduction of prevalence among migrants from 2.2% to 1.1% can bring general prevalence down to 0.4% with only 3,500 recruitments of HIV infections from India. Conclusion Recruitment of HIV infections from India via seasonal labor-migrants is the key factor contributing to the HIV epidemic in Far-Western Nepal. Prevention programs focused on the general population are ineffective. Our finding highlights the urgency of developing prevention programs which reduce the prevalence of HIV among migrants for a successful control of the HIV epidemic in Far-Western Nepal. PMID:21569469

The use of non-wood forest products by migrants in a new settlement: experiences of a Visayan community in Palawan, Philippines.

PubMed

Lacuna-Richman, Celeste

2006-09-07

Migrants are often constrained by a lack of knowledge regarding their new environment and require new skills for their livelihood. In Palawan, some of these necessary skills and knowledge are related to the collection and use of non-wood forest products (NWFPs), many of which the migrants were previously not familiar with. The predominantly Visayan migrants have been successful in familiarizing themselves with the NWFPs in the surrounding forests, with assistance from some of the local indigenous people, in this case the Tagbanua, and from previous migrant settlers. The NWFPs they know about and the extent of use are presented. Currently, except for almaciga (Agathis philippinensis Warb.) resin and house-building materials, NWFPs are considered as supplements to agricultural products, not as main source of either subsistence or income.

The Help! Kit: A Resource Guide for Secondary Teachers of Migrant English Language Learners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wrigley, Pamela

2001-01-01

The "Help! Kit" for elementary school teachers was produced in 1989 by a task force of Virginia migrant educators who were getting an increasing number of requests for information about and assistance with their English language learners (ELLs). This secondary version of the "Help! Kit" provides helpful information to busy…

Cultural Capital of Migrant Students: Teachers' and Students' Perspectives and Understandings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Romanowski, Michael H.

2003-01-01

A study examined the role played by cultural capital in the education of migrant students. Observations and interviews with administrators, faculty, and students during a summer migrant program in a rural Ohio school district indicate that the cultural capital of migrant students, particularly family loyalty, often conflicted with the cultural…

California Migrant Student Movement Study--Region 3 Analysis.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, Benjamin G.

The five counties of Madera, Merced, Contra Costa, San Joaquin and Stanislaus constitute Region 3 of the California Migrant Education Program. A study to evaluate movement patterns of migrant students from, to and within the state was conducted using data from the Migrant Student Record Transfer System. It indicates that in 1977 Region 3 ranked…

Sumario de Reglamentos Revisados de Titulo I - Educacion Migrante (Summary of Revised Title I - Migrant Regulations).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gonzalez, Ramon

Extracted from the April 3, 1980 Federal Register, revisions of the Migrant Education regulations are synthesized in this Spanish-English booklet. Revised regulations address program planning and evaluation; needs assessment; identification and recruitment of migrant children; and special discretionary projects for the coordination of migrant…

Teaching Migrant Students: The Voices of Classroom Teachers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Romanowski, Michael H.

2001-01-01

A study examining migrant students' needs and the teacher's role interviewed seven teachers at a rural Ohio summer migrant education program. Findings focus on the need for teachers to learn and understand migrant culture, integrate it into activities and daily interactions in the classroom, and be willing to reflect on stereotypes and personal…

Sistema de Transferencia de Archivos para Estudiantes Migrantes: Un Mejor Entendimiento para Padres. (Migrant Student Record Transfer System: A Better Understanding for Parents).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jaramillo, Senaida I.

When migrant children are enrolled in the Migrant Education Program, they are also enrolled in the Migrant Student Record Transfer System (MSRTS), a national system which accumulates educational and health information for each child on a computer located in Little Rock, Arkansas. The system affords teachers the opportunity to review the records,…

Migrant Mexican Traditions = Tradiciones Migrantes Mexicanas. An Exhibit of Folk Art by Mexican Migrant Farmworkers (Geneseo, New York, September 22-October 4, 1990).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Camacho, Juana; Gomez, Jose Luis

This exhibit guide (in Spanish, with translation in English printed on adjoining columns on each page), describes an exhibition of folk art by Mexican migrant farmworkers presented by thre Folk Arts Program of the BOCES Geneseo Migrant Center. The exhibit is divided into four major themes that farmworkers presented by the BOCES Geneseo Migrant…

Thai health education program for improving TB migrant's compliance.

PubMed

Khortwong, Pornsak; Kaewkungwal, Jaranit

2013-03-01

Investigate the effectiveness of health education programs by using the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model to improve non-Thai migrant TB patient's compliance during treatment. This quasi-intervention study was conducted in three targeted hospitals, between August 2009 and December 2010. The study sample consisted of 100 cases, 50 cases who registered in Samutsakorn Province served as the intervention group and 50 cases who registered in Samutprakarn Province served as the control group. At the end of the health education intervention, the intervention group showedsignificantly improved health-behavior scores in nine domains-health promotion, health education, predisposing, reinforcing, enabling factors, behavior and lifestyle, environment, and health status, which were also significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.001). The percentage of patients achieving successful treatment outcomes was 76% in the intervention group and 62% in the control group. The tuberculosis treatment and care program, and the associated health education interventions enabled migrants to complete the treatment regimen and achieve treatment success. It could also help TB staff develop an appropriate program and clear understanding of TB control among migrants. It is recommended that this type of information and health education program be used in other hospitals and healthcare settings providing TB services for migrants throughout the nation.

77 FR 3455 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records-Migrant Education Bypass Program Student Database

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-24

... Student Database AGENCY: Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, Department of Education. ACTION... entitled ``Migrant Education Bypass Program Student Database (MEBPSD)'' (18-14-06). The Secretary has...

A Study of the Impact of Migrancy on Reading for Hispanic Students in Rural South Texas Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robles-Cardona, Palmira

2016-01-01

The federal government has allotted funding to a local education agency for the purpose of assisting migrant students in receiving a high quality education and performing at-least at proficiency level on state standardized test, but there remains some debate concerning whether or not there have been improvements. Migrant students are facing many…

Migrant Education Administrative Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina State Dept. of Public Instruction, Raleigh. Div. of Compensatory Education.

Relating specifically to the North Carolina migrant education program's administrative responsibilities, this guide is designed to aid administrators in program management, monitoring project activities, project evaluation, self-assessment, determining needs for training and staff development, site-visit preparation, policy development, and…

Migrant Education Binational Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dolson, David P.; Villasenor, Gildardo

The Binational Program promotes the continuity of education for approximately 45,000 students who migrate between Mexico and the United States each year, a pattern related to their parents' work as migrant agricultural laborers. Begun in California, the program now encompasses approximately 10 U.S. and 32 Mexican states (including the Federal…

The use of non-wood forest products by migrants in a new settlement: experiences of a Visayan community in Palawan, Philippines

PubMed Central

Lacuna-Richman, Celeste

2006-01-01

Migrants are often constrained by a lack of knowledge regarding their new environment and require new skills for their livelihood. In Palawan, some of these necessary skills and knowledge are related to the collection and use of non-wood forest products (NWFPs), many of which the migrants were previously not familiar with. The predominantly Visayan migrants have been successful in familiarizing themselves with the NWFPs in the surrounding forests, with assistance from some of the local indigenous people, in this case the Tagbanua, and from previous migrant settlers. The NWFPs they know about and the extent of use are presented. Currently, except for almaciga (Agathis philippinensis Warb.) resin and house-building materials, NWFPs are considered as supplements to agricultural products, not as main source of either subsistence or income. PMID:16959026

Como Puede Mejorar el Programa de Educacion Migrante con el Poder e Influencia de los Padres. Parent Power in the Migrant Education Program: How to Make a Difference.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Council of La Raza, Washington, DC.

The bilingual (English-Spanish) handbook explains the established rights that parents with children enrolled in the Elementary and Secondary Education Act Title I Migrant Education Program have and presents ways in which parents can use these rights to help ensure that their children receive a quality education. Chapters discuss: (1) content of…

Migrant and Seasonal Head Start Participants, Programs, Families and Staff in 2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schmit, Stephanie

2014-01-01

Migrant and Seasonal Head Start (MSHS) was created to respond to the needs of migrant farm worker families. MSHS provides child care services to migrants to ensure that young children are not with their parents in the fields, where they can be exposed to pesticides, hazardous equipment, extreme heat, and other health dangers. MSHS has served…

Synthesis of Available Research and Databases on the Migrant Education Program. Volume II: the Migrant Student Record Transfer System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eckels, Elaine; Vorek, Robert

The Migrant Student Record Transfer System (MSRTS) is a nationwide computer-based communications network originally designed to transfer the health and educational records of migrant workers' children. This report assesses MSRTS data from September 1984 through June 1986 to determine the potential utility of such data for national studies of the…

"Migrant Education: A Comprehensive Program." Report of the Fiscal 1968 Program for the Education of Migratory Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York State Education Dept., Albany.

The 1968 report of New York State's program for the education of migratory children presents brief program descriptions and evaluations of all phases of the statewide effort. Objectives for the 1968 program for the special education of the migrant child were (1) to improve self-concept, (2) to develop social and academic skills, (3) to develop…

ESEA Title I Migrant. Final Technical Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Austin Independent School District, TX. Office of Research and Evaluation.

The 1981-82 Austin (Texas) Independent School District Title I Migrant Program consisted of seven components: three instructional components--prekindergarten, communication skills, and summer school; and four support components--health services, parental involvement, migrant student record transfer system (MSRTS), and evaluation. The major…

Audit Report. Bilingual/Migrant Education Program, et al. School Program Services, Department of Education, October 1, 1978 through September 30, 1983.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pinkelman, Franklin C.

Selected financial and program records of nine administrative units of Michigan's Bilingual/Migrant Education Program from October 1, 1978 through September 30, 1983 were examined in an audit to assess fairness of fund allocation, compliance with appropriate laws and regulations, adequacy of administrative performance, and priority of school…

The Evaluation of California's Migrant Education Program. Summary of the Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Noggle, Nelson L.; And Others

A 2-phase study provided summative information on the status of the statewide implementation of California's federally funded migrant program and also provided confidential formative information to program participants at district, regional, and state levels. Guided by an advisory panel, phase I was conducted in 1980-1981 and covered all grade…

ESEA Title I Migrant Administration Manual Project Preparation and Program Management.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Seurynck, John L.; Hicks, Garlin A.

The manual outlines information on design and operation of the ESEA (Elementary and Secondary Education Act) Title I Migrant Education Program at the state and local levels. Part I outlines information on the state level: legislative authorization and general responsibilities of the state education agency (SEA); annual program plan and budget;…

Parenting Education: An Exemplary Program for Rural/Migrant Youth and Adults. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baum, Rosemere; And Others

Designed for use in a parenting education course for rural/migrant youth and adults, this parenting education learning kit consists of a coordinator's manual and bilingual instructional materials for seven course sessions. Issues addressed in the coordinator's manual include program content, program format, orientation for experienced parents,…

Migrant & Seasonal Head Start Mental Health Services Checklist: Supporting MSHS Mental Health Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Academy for Educational Development, 2006

2006-01-01

This is a checklist of suggested systems, policies and procedures for supporting Mental Health and wellness services within Migrant & Seasonal Head Start programs. This checklist was developed in accordance with the Head Start Program Performance Standards and represents a comprehensive best practice model. In this checklist you will find…

Curriculum Guide and Activities Manual. A Preschool Program for Disadvantaged and Migrant Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ousterhout, William K.; And Others

Designed for high risk children with learning needs in the development of academic, social, physical, or conceptual skills, this manual identifies and presents, in a developmental sequence, a preschool program for disadvantaged and migrant five-year-old children. The program's fundamental goal is to prepare each disadvantaged and/or migrant…

State Programs for Migrant Children. Kansas Annual Evaluation Report, 1971.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahlstrom, Clyde J., Comp.

Ten individual reports from the 1971 summer migrant educational programs in Kansas are summarized and evaluated. The goals of these programs were to (1) help children develop oral language and expression; (2) provide arts and crafts for personal expression; (3) provide swimming and other types of recreation for physical development and…

The 1971-72 Evaluation of the Connecticut Program for Migrant Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mosley, William; Scruggs, James A.

The program aimed to develop and implement educational activities for migrant children which would increase their achievement level in the public school classrooms and to deal with matters of self, their interaction with others, and survival. Two types of learning programs were emphasized: Multi-Purpose Resource Centers which supplemented the…

Our Roots Feed Our Future: 30th Anniversary Conference of the Cornell Migrant Program. Presentations (May 22, 2002) = Nuestras raices nutren nuestro futuro: Conferencia del 30mo aniversario del Programa para Emigrantes de Cornell. Presentaciones (22 mayo 2002).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

State Univ. of New York, Ithaca. Coll. of Human Ecology at Cornell Univ.

Presented in English and Spanish, this publication compiles 13 presentations at a conference celebrating the 30th anniversary of the Cornell Migrant Program. The entries examine experiences of migrant workers and children related to immigrating, finding work, enduring discrimination and police harassment, switching schools frequently, suffering…

Violence against women migrant workers in Thailand.

PubMed

Chaiyanukij, Charnchao

2004-10-01

A paper on "Violence against Women Migrant Workers in Thailand" will show the situation of women migrant workers in Thailand, why they have to come to Thailand, what kind of job they do, how they are abused and exploited by employer in many types of violence and how the Thai government manages to solve the problems and assist them. The term or definition of "violence against women-VAW" and "discrimination against women" is provided and based on the definition stated in the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). Readers will see that violence against women is a form of discrimination committed on a basis of sex. In other words, VAW is a clear violation of women's inherent human rights including the rights to life, liberty, and security of person, equality, equal protection under the law and freedom from all forms of discrimination. More than one hundred thousands of women illegal migrant workers work in Thailand. They come from countries in the Mekong Sub-region namely Myanmar Lao PDR, Cambodia, Vietnam and China (Yunnan province). As they come illegally and have low level of education and working skills, they are vulnerable to exploitation, abuse or face violence. In general, they work in small factories, domestic work and restaurant. They are forced begging, forced prostitution or work in a slavery-like condition. Root causes of illegal migration and VAW are interrelated and occur in both sending and receiving countries of migrant workers. Poverty, demand and supply sides of labor, level of education, no knowledge of their own rights, impact of capitalism and gender issues, are mentioned as original factors of migration and VAW. The Thai government has national policy, plan, instrument and measures to cope with in- migration of illegal workers. Not only government agencies are active to solve the problems and assist the women migrant workers, but also non-government and international organizations as well as the UN agencies are working seriously to assist them and protect their rights.

National Migrant Education Program: Reading Skills--English (Programa Nacional de Educacion Migrante: Destrezas de Lectura--Espanol).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1979

Used as an integral part of the migrant student skills system operated by the Migrant Student Record Transfer System (MSRTS), the reading skills list contains a catalog of reading skills typical of the K-12 grade range. This catalog includes a sample of the MSRTS transmittal record which permits teachers to report the reading skills being worked…

The New Nomads: Art Life, and Lore of Migrant Workers in New York State.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Twining, Mary Arnold, Ed.

1987-01-01

Migrant farm workers are the concern and theme of this special serial issue. Migrant farm workers arrange much of their social and economic life around seasonal changes as they follow jobs up the eastern migrant stream to its northenmost part in New York state, then south to Florida. The education, health, and folk arts program at the Board of…

42 CFR 56.601 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GRANTS GRANTS FOR MIGRANT HEALTH SERVICES Grants for Operating Migrant Health Programs § 56.601 Applicability. The regulations of this subpart, in... migrant health center exists and in which not more than 6,000 migratory agricultural workers and their...

Community-Based AIDS Outreach Efforts to Migrants.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carter, Linda J.; Jalloh, Mary Grenz

The Forsyth County (North Carolina) Health Department's Health Education Division developed a community-based Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) outreach program for migrants. The Migrant/Hispanic Center in Kernersville, North Carolina operates under the auspice of the Catholic Diocese of Charlotte and provides services to Hispanic…

Serving Migrant Families.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina State Advisory Committee on Services to Migrants, Raleigh.

The third edition of the annual report by the North Carolina State Advisory Committee on Services to Migrants has the same purpose as previous reports--to improve state services to migrant families. Grouping responsible governmental and non-governmental programs by agency, the descriptions include eligibility requirements and names of contact…

Theoretical Perspectives on Issues and Interventions Related to Migrant Resettlement in Canada.

PubMed

Toosi, Amy; Richter, Solina; Woytowich, Boris

2017-05-01

International migration has increased at a significant rate over the past several decades as many migrants relocate in the hope of finding better living conditions. Unfortunately, not all migrants realize their dreams but instead find themselves in poor living conditions and are less satisfied with their health and well-being. The purpose of this article is to explore the factors that influence the integration of migrants into a new culture through two theoretical lenses: transitions theory and acculturation theory. The authors propose that acculturation and transition are influenced by factors at both the societal and individual level and therefore interventions aimed at promoting successful integration should be focused at both those levels. This article adds a new perspective to the migrant health framework and offers a new approach for researchers, clinicians, and program developers. The overall health and well-being of migrants may improve by focusing on individual factors that contribute to successful settlement through predeparture or early arrival preparation programs.

The return of international labour migrants in the ESCAP Region.

PubMed

1986-03-01

The social phenomenon of massive temporary international labor migration from the ESCAP region has emerged extremely rapidly. Within 10 years, the number of persons from ESCAP countries grew from a negligible one to 3.5 million. Related research and government policies have lagged behind this latest surge in migration. Most research conducted has been small-scale and lacks an analytical or theoretical framework. Policy formulation for temporary labor migration is difficult because most of the rapid growth in the industry has occurred as a result of private efforts, with a minimum of government intervention. It is now difficult, for the government to provide effective regulations or measures to stimulate and assist the process. Regulations on compulsory remittances or overseas minimum wages have proved to be unrealistic and, if not rescinded, are routinely circumvented. The most effective policies to assist return migrants may not be those which are intended to do so, but those which control the earlier stages of the migration process, such as recruitment, working conditions, and banking arrangements. The most valuable policies may also include those affecting education, training, employment, and general socioeconomic growth. Governments are recommended to provide social services for migrants and their families who are experiencing problems, and to institute community programs in areas with a large number of labor migrants. Governmental efforts to promote forms of labor migration beneficial to the workers would be valuable and should include measures to identify overseas labor markets for employing its nationals, government ot government labor contracts, and government participation in joint-venture projects. International migration should be analyzed in the context of theories and social change in order for governments to formulate effective measures for the reintegration of returning workers. Labor migration on the current scale has many social implications for the sending countries; relationships between employers and employees, the government and private sectors, and white and blue collar workers are affected. Social change and technological innovation will become more rapid, women's status and family roles will change markedly, and behavior is likely to become less conformist and more individualistic.

75 FR 16446 - Office of Elementary and Secondary Education

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-01

... DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Elementary and Secondary Education Overview Information; Migrant Education Program (MEP) Consortium Incentive Grants Program; Notice inviting applications for new awards for... entity to improve the delivery of services to migrant children whose education is interrupted. Through...

State of Wisconsin Evaluation Conference Summary: ESEA Title I Migrant Education Programs, Summer of 1979.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wisconsin State Dept. of Public Instruction, Madison. Div. for Management and Planning Services.

The Elementary Secondary Education Act Title I Wisconsin Migrant Education Conference was held on August 6, 1979 to evaluate programs and to gather program planning data. Data for this evaluation were collected by means of both structured interaction of the 53 conference participants and questionnaires completed by participants. The teachers felt…

A Handbook for Title I Migrant Parent Advisory Councils: Understanding the System=Un Folleto Para los Concilios de Padres Titulo I Migrante: Entendiendo el Sistema.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arredondo, C.; And Others

A bilingual handbook for Title I migrant Parent Advisory Councils (PACs) was designed to be used by administrators, teachers, consultants and parents in organizing and training PACs at local, district, and state levels. All information is duplicated in separate English and Spanish sections. The first part discusses the Texas migrant program,…

42 CFR 56.501 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Grants for Planning and Developing Migrant Health Programs § 56.501 Applicability. The regulations of... awarded pursuant to section 319(c)(1)(B) of the Act for projects to plan and develop migrant health programs to provide health services to migratory agricultural workers, seasonal agricultural workers and...

42 CFR 56.501 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Grants for Planning and Developing Migrant Health Programs § 56.501 Applicability. The regulations of... awarded pursuant to section 319(c)(1)(B) of the Act for projects to plan and develop migrant health programs to provide health services to migratory agricultural workers, seasonal agricultural workers and...

TEXAS ADULT MIGRANT EDUCATION. PROGRESS REPORT.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas Education Agency, Austin.

THE TEXAS OFFICE OF OPPORTUNITY HAS DEVISED A PROGRAM TO MEET THE EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS OF THE MIGRANT LABORER. BASIC EDUCATION PROVIDES READING, WRITING, AND ENGLISH INSTRUCTION, CITIZENSHIP AND SAFETY EDUCATION, OCCUPATIONAL ORIENTATION, AND GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING PROGRAMS. HOMEMAKING EDUCATION INCLUDES NUTRITION, CHILD GUIDANCE AND DEVELOPMENT,…

Guidelines for Health Services for Migrant Students. 1984 Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California State Dept. of Education, Sacramento. Bureau of Community Services and Migrant Education.

To promote uniformity and continuity, standards have been established for planning, implementing, and evaluating student health programs provided by grade K-12 migrant education programs throughout California. State mandated health requirements, the rationale for supplemental services, methods of providing supplemental services, and community…

42 CFR 56.602 - Application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GRANTS GRANTS FOR MIGRANT HEALTH SERVICES Grants for Operating Migrant Health Programs § 56.602 Application. To be approved by the Secretary under... whole or in part, by a migrant health center, and (2) Has not more than 6,000 migratory agricultural...

Migrant Students' College Access: Emerging Evidence from the Migrant Student Leadership Institute

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nunez, Anne-Marie

2009-01-01

Little is known about migrant students' college access. Outreach programs serving such students rarely track their participants' postsecondary trajectories, nor do they compare participants' college access outcomes with those of similar students. This study examines the California public college application, acceptance, and enrollment patterns of…

Summer Migrant Students Learn Healthy Choices through Videography

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kilanowski, Jill F.; Lin, Li

2014-01-01

The purpose of this single-group pre- and posttest intervention pilot study was to teach middle school migrant farmworker children the benefits of healthy eating and activity using a multimedia and ethnic-tailored health curriculum, embedded in a 7-week summer Migrant Education Program. Conceptual frameworks were from transcultural nursing,…

State Title I Migrant Participation Information, 1998-99.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henderson, Allison; Daft, Julie

States use federal Migrant Education Program (MEP) funds to provide migrant children with services that address the special needs related to continual educational disruption. MEP services can be instructional or supporting. This report summarizes MEP participation information provided by state education agencies for the 1998-99 school year. The…

Guidelines for Health Services for Migrant Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strazicich, Mirko, Ed.

This publication provides a standard by which California migrant education health staff can plan, implement, and evaluate a health program for students in grades K-12. Following sections which describe current state legislation, the need for health services, and California's objectives and activities regarding health services for migrant students…

Health Services for Domestic Agricultural Workers, 1972: S. 3762 -- To Extend the Program for Health Services for Domestic Agricultural Migrant Workers. Joint Hearing before the Subcommittee on Health and the Subcommittee on Migratory Labor of the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, United States Senate, 92d Congress, 2d Session, August 1, 1972.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Labor and Public Welfare.

On August 1, 1972, the Subcommittee heard testimony on bill S. 3762 which would extend the program for health services for domestic agricultural migrant workers. The bill would extend the migrant health program for 5 years, with $100 million authorized for fiscal year 1973 and a $25 million increase for each of the following years. S. 3762…

Trauma and PTSD rates in an irish psychiatric population

PubMed Central

Wilson, Fiona E; Hennessy, Eilis; Dooley, Barbara; Kelly, Brendan D; Ryan, Dermot A

2013-01-01

Although Western mental health services are increasingly finding themselves concerned with assisting traumatized individuals migrating from other countries, trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are under-detected and undiagnosed in psychiatric populations. This study examined and compared rates of traumatic experiences, frequency of traumatic events, trauma symptomatology levels, rates of torture, rates of PTSD and chart documentation of trauma and PTSD between (a) Irish and migrant service-users and (b) forced migrant and voluntary migrant service-users in Dublin, Ireland. Data were gathered from 178 psychiatric outpatients attending using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire-Revised Cambodian Version and the SCID-I/P. A substantial number of service-users had experienced at least one lifetime trauma (71.3%), and a high percentage of both the Irish (47.4%) and migrant groups (70.3%) of service-users had experienced two or more events. Overall, analyses comparing rates between Irish, forced migrant and voluntary migrant service-users found that forced migrants displayed more traumatic life events, posttraumatic symptoms, and higher levels of PTSD than their voluntary migrant and Irish counterparts, with over 50% experiencing torture prior to arrival in Ireland. The lifetime rate of PTSD in the overall sample was 15.7% but only 53.57% of cases were documented in patient charts. The results of this study are informative about the nature and extent of the problem of trauma and PTSD among migrant mental health service users as well as highlighting the under-detected levels of trauma among native-born service users. PMID:28228990

Migrant Students' Emergent Conscientization through Critical, Socioculturally Responsive Literacy Pedagogy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stevenson, Alma; Beck, Scott

2017-01-01

This article analyzes data from a summer literacy program for intermediate and middle-level children of migrant farmworkers. The program was grounded in a sociocultural perspective on literacy, stressing the importance of interaction and collaboration within socioculturally responsive pedagogy, using enabling literature to empower students.…

Migrant Health - Legislation and Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Migrant Information Clearinghouse, Austin, TX. Juarez-Lincoln Center.

The Public Health Service Act was amended in 1962 to authorize grants to establish family health service clinics for domestic agricultural migratory workers and to improve the health conditions of these workers and their families. Approximately 100 programs currently provide migrant health services. As a result of the low level of funding of these…

Evaluation of Post-Arrival Programs and Services.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Australian Inst. of Multicultural Affairs, Melbourne (Australia).

This book assesses the effectiveness of recommendations implemented after the release of the Australian government's "Report of the Review of Post-Arrival Programs and Services for Migrants" in 1977. In general, the implementation of the Report's proposals has been of substantial benefit to migrants (both newly arrived and longer…

Directory of Services for Migrant [and] Seasonal Farmworkers and Their Families.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (ED), Washington, DC. Migrant Education Programs.

This directory provides information on federal programs and national organizations that serve migrant farmworkers and their families. Specifically, the directory lists programs administered by the U.S. Departments of Agriculture, Education, Health and Human Services, Justice, and Labor, and the Environmental Protection Agency. The directory also…

Directory of Services for Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers and Their Families. Harvests of Hope.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (ED), Washington, DC. Office of Migrant Education.

This directory provides information on federal and state programs and national organizations that serve migrant farmworkers and their families. Section 1 covers federal programs that provide services related to nutrition, housing, education, health and human services, immigration, agricultural employment, and environmental protection. Federal…

34 CFR 200.80 - Migrant Education Even Start Program definition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Migrant Education Even Start Program definition. 200.80 Section 200.80 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education OFFICE OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION TITLE I-IMPROVING THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF THE...

Special Program Report. Meeting the Needs of Migrant Families.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dik, David W.; And Others

Meeting the needs of migrant families through the Orange County Extension's 4-H and Home Economics Divisions is the theme of this 1968 report compiled by New York State Cooperative Extension Service. The objectives of both extension divisions include providing opportunities for migrant women and youths to learn by doing projects which help them…

Substance Use Among Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers in Central Florida.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arnow, Beth

A study of alcohol and drug use among migrant and seasonal farmworkers in Orange and Lake counties (Central Florida) was conducted in 1978 to determine substance abuse among migrant and seasonal farmworkers, the subgroups with substance abuse problems, the farmworkers' knowledge of and attitudes toward alcohol and drug treatment programs, and the…

State Title I Migrant Participation Information, 1999-2000. Doc # 2003-9

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Daft, Julie

2004-01-01

States use Migrant Education Program (MEP) funds to ensure that migrant children are provided with appropriate services that address the special needs caused by the effects of continual educational disruption. MEP services are usually delivered by schools, districts and/or other public or private organizations and can be instructional (reading,…

State Title I Migrant Participation Information, 1997-98.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henderson, Allison; Daft, Julie; Fong, Pauline

The Migrant Education Program (MEP) is a federal formula grant to states for educational services to migrant children, ages 3-21, who made an eligible move in the past 3 years. States use MEP funds to address effects of continual educational disruption by providing instructional or supporting services. This report summarizes participation…

Special Analysis of Migrant Education Even Start Data. Even Start Information System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tao, Fumiyo; Arriola, Christine

This report analyzes data submitted by 11 of 14 state Migrant Education Even Start (MEES) projects operating in 1994-95. These projects provide migrant families with an integrated program of early childhood education, adult education, and parenting education. The data were drawn from the Even Start Information System (ESIS), which collected…

Protection of neotropical migrants as a major focus of wildlife management

Treesearch

Lawrence J. Niles

1993-01-01

Due to their funding source, wildlife management programs devoted most resources to game species management, and ignored large scale biodiversity initiatives, such as the protection of neotropical migrant land birds. Neotropical migrants are, however, a major focus of the new field of conservation biology, whose proponents consider the field more inclusive than...

Reconceptualizing Leadership in Migrant Communities: Latina/o Parent Leadership Retreats as Sites of Community Cultural Wealth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nava, Pedro E.; Lara, Argelia

2016-01-01

This article examines how the Education Leadership Foundation (a leadership development community based organization) in partnership with the Migrant Education Program use parent retreats for building leadership, and skill development of migrant farm-working families. Utilizing cooperative and community responsive practices, these retreats build…

Parent Education for Migrant Mothers of Left-Behind Children in China: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

PubMed

To, Siu-Ming; Kwok, Ching-Man; So, Yuk-Yan; Yan, Ming-Wai

2018-06-13

Although numerous studies have indicated the significance of parental support and parent-child communication in alleviating the adverse effects of parental departure on left-behind children, researchers have rarely addressed the impact of parent education on migrant parents. On the basis of the results of a pilot randomized controlled trial, the study reported here involved examining the possible outcomes and feasibility of a parent education program for rural-to-urban migrant mothers of left-behind children in China. Informed by an existential-narrative approach to parent education, the program was composed of six 2.5-hour sessions. The sample included 56 migrant mothers recruited from a social service center in Shenzhen, China, who were randomly assigned to either the immediate group (n = 28, M = 34.82 years, SD = 4.12, aged 23-43) or the waitlist control group (n = 28, M = 34.68 years, SD = 4.53, aged 28-43). The hypotheses of the trial were twofold: that the program would positively affect participants' parental identity and that it would improve mother-child relationships and parenting practices. The results revealed no significant difference in parental identity between the intervention group and the waitlist control group at the post-test assessment after ruling out the effects of pretest survey scores. However, significant differences did emerge in parent-child relationships and parenting practices. Overall, the results corroborate the feasibility of examining the current program for migrant mothers in China in a full trial. The findings also offer insights into developing empirically supported parent education programs for migrant parents. © 2018 Family Process Institute.

Developing a smoking cessation program for Turkish-speaking migrants in Switzerland: novel findings and promising effects.

PubMed

Schnoz, Domenic; Schaub, Michael; Schwappach, David L; Salis Gross, Corina

2011-02-01

Recent studies show that smoking prevalence in the Turkish-speaking migrant population in Switzerland is substantially higher than in the general population. A specific group treatment for Turkish-speaking migrants was developed and tested in order to provide the migrant population with equal access to smoking cessation programs and to improve the migration-sensitive quality of such programs by sociocultural targeting. The evaluation of the program included quantitative (questionnaires t1 and t2 and follow-up by telephone) and qualitative methods (participant observation and semi-structured interviews). The results showed that 37.7% of the 61 participants were smoke free at the 12-month follow-up. The factors of being in a partnership and using nicotine replacement products during the program were positively associated with successful cessation. We also demonstrated the importance of "strong ties" (strong relationships between participants) and the sensitivity of the program to sociocultural (e.g., social aspects of smoking in Turkish culture, which were addressed in relapse prevention), socioeconomic (e.g., low financial resources, which were addressed by providing the course for free), and migration-specific (e.g., underdeveloped access to smoking cessation programs, which was addressed using outreach strategy for recruiting) issues. Overall, the smoking cessation program was successfully tested and is now becoming implemented as a regular service of the Swiss Public Health Program for Tobacco Prevention (by the Swiss Association for Smoking Prevention).

Migrant Workers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Social and Labour Bulletin, 1983

1983-01-01

Discusses a new German law to encourage foreign workers to return to their home countries, employment exchanges for young foreigners in Germany, and a training program for migrant workers in India. (SK)

The role of the US Great Plains low-level jet in nocturnal migrant behavior

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wainwright, Charlotte E.; Stepanian, Phillip M.; Horton, Kyle G.

2016-10-01

The movements of aerial animals are under the constant influence of atmospheric flows spanning a range of spatiotemporal scales. The Great Plains nocturnal low-level jet is a large-scale atmospheric phenomenon that provides frequent strong southerly winds through a shallow layer of the airspace. The jet can provide substantial tailwind assistance to spring migrants moving northward, while hindering southward migration during autumn. This atmospheric feature has been suspected to play a prominent role in defining migratory routes, but the flight strategies used with respect to these winds are yet to be examined. Using collocated vertically pointing radar and lidar, we investigate the altitudinal selection behavior of migrants over Oklahoma during two spring and two autumn migration seasons. In general, migrants choose to fly within the jet in spring, often concentrating in the favorable wind speed maximum. Autumn migrants typically fly below the jet, although some will rapidly climb to reach altitudes above the inhibiting winds. The intensity of migration was relatively constant throughout the spring due to the predominantly favorable southerly jet winds. Conversely, autumn migrants were more apt to delay departure to wait for the relatively infrequent northerly winds.

Directrices de los Servicios de Salud para Estudiantes Migratorios (Guidelines for Health Services for Migrant Students).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California State Dept. of Education, Sacramento. Bureau of Community Services and Migrant Education.

To promote uniformity and continuity, standards have been established for planning, implementing, and evaluating student health programs provided by grade K-12 migrant education programs throughout California. In this Spanish language edition, state-mandated health requirements, the rationale for supplemental services, methods of providing…

National Migrant Education Program Math Skills Information System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de la Rosa, Raul; Hackett, Eugene deG.

The educational background and issues which shaped the design of the National Migrant Education Program Math Skills Information System are explained in this report, along with a full description of the features of the system and its operation. It discusses the variety of math skills information used to permit teachers to input and receive math…

"Learning City" Summer Migrant Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Presson, Johnny E.; Baker, Wilbur L.

"Learning City" is the theme of a summer education project that provides a unique teaching atmosphere for migrant children. For 2 summers, 130 students have participated in this program that sustains and enforces reading and math skills, as well as helps develop self-concept. Industries in Learning City are the various branches of study: reading…

Social change, migration and sexual health: Chilean women in Chile and Australia.

PubMed

Dawson, Maria Teresa; Gifford, Sandra Margaret

2003-01-01

Cultural beliefs, norms and values regarding sexuality and gender roles forge people's sexual behaviour and understanding of sexual health risk. Acknowledging a person's cultural background is a key challenge for the promotion of sexual health programs and strategies for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS. This challenge acquires larger dimensions when health promotion programs are directed towards migrant communities. This article examines narratives about past and present life experiences of Chilean women living in Australia and Chilean women in Chile. We inquire about social changes and exposure to education women experienced in their own country and in Australia and the ways in which migrant women define and articulate their experiences in relation to sexual health prevention. In comparing these experiences, we raise a number of questions about sexual health promotion and programs, including the prevention of STDs and HIV/AIDS targeted to specific migrant communities in Australia. Very few sexual health policies and strategies in Australia take into account the impact that the social and cultural background of migrants, social changes and the 'settlement process' has on the cultural construction of gender identity of migrants in the new country. We propose that these cultural constructs are key in the formulation of migrants' beliefs and attitudes towards sexuality and sexual health. We suggest that there is a need to build effective and culturally appropriate sexual health promotion and prevention strategies that build upon the social and cultural background and the present and past life experiences of migrant women and men.

Meeting Multicultural Needs in School Libraries: An Examination of Mexican Migrant Families and Factors that Influence Academic Success

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Plocharczyk, Leah

2005-01-01

The children of Mexican migrants face a number of hardships and difficulties that greatly hamper their ability to succeed in American schools. This paper examines some of the major difficulties and suggests multicultural programs that school librarians can implement in order to help migrant children achieve academic success.

1981 Maryland Migrant Education State Plan.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Friend, Ronn E.; Gates, Francis W.

Between October 1, 1980 and September 30, 1981, the 1981 migrant education program will serve an estimated 1,109 migrant children in 6 regular and 8 summer school projects in Maryland. Of these children, 422 will be at the elementary level, 366 at the secondary level, and the rest will be in preschool. Blacks compose the largest ethnic group (478)…

TEXAS MIGRANT LABOR, THE 1964 MIGRATION.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Good Neighbor Commission of Texas, Austin.

THE MAJORITY OF TEXAS MIGRANTS LIVE IN SOUTH TEXAS AND APPROXIMATELY 95 PERCENT OF THEM ARE OF MEXICAN EXTRACTION. MOST OF THE OTHER FIVE PERCENT ARE EAST TEXAS NEGROES. THE MECHANIZATION OF COTTON HARVESTING AND THE EXPIRATION OF THE "BRACERO PROGRAM" IN 1964 HAVE CAUSED MORE TEXAS MIGRANTS TO SEEK EMPLOYMENT OUTSIDE OF THE STATE. DURING 1964,…

Reflections and Recommendations Based on a Migrant Health Center's Participation in a CDC Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nolon, Anne K.; O'Barr, James

Hudson Valley Migrant Health (HVMH) (a Public Health Service program) collaborated with the Center for Disease Control (CDC) and the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) on a study of the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases and tuberculosis among migrant farmworkers in the mid-Hudson region of New York. CDC research personnel…

Movin' On Up = Progreso, 1994-1995. A Newsletter for Migrant Farmworkers in Western New York State.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Movin' On Up = Progreso, 1995

1995-01-01

This document consists of the first six issues (year 1) of a bilingual newsletter (English and Spanish) that provides information about available programs and services for migrant and seasonal farmworkers in New York State. The goal is to help migrant farmworkers achieve self-sufficiency and obtain permanent employment through job training…

Literacy Training of Migrants and of Their Families and Cultural Identity. Literacy Lessons.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Valerien, Jean

Literacy teaching and education of migrant workers and their children is an intense, emotional issue because the education of migrant workers is the point of intersection of two major social problems: education and immigration. Nonformal adult education radio and television programs have been set up in some countries to reach unemployed migrant…

Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Areas. Methodology for Designating High Impact.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

HCR, Washington, DC.

This report describes a method to estimate the number of migrant and seasonal farmworkers present in a prescribed area during crop harvest, and to pinpoint areas of high need for health and social services. The collection of health clinic and federal program data on migrant and seasonal farmworkers in Florida, northwestern Ohio, and Maryland's…

A Migrant Educator's Resource Kit: Where to Find the Help You Need. Harvesting the Harvesters. Book 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawless, Ken

This third in a series of 10 study units for a Migrant Educators' National Training OutReach (MENTOR) correspondence course provides names, addresses, and descriptions of more than 35 federal, state, and private agencies, publications, services, programs, and support networks concerned with the education and welfare of migrant children. It…

Mobility, Latino Migrants, and the Geography of Sex Work: Using Ethnography in Public Health Assessments.

PubMed

Sangaramoorthy, Thurka; Kroeger, Karen

2013-01-01

Recent studies have documented frequent use of female sex workers among Latino migrant men in the southeastern United States, yet little is known about the context in which sex work takes place, or the women who provide these services. As anthropologists working in applied public health, we use rapid ethnographic assessment as a technical assistance tool to document local understandings of the organization and typology of sex work and patterns of mobility among sex workers and their Latino migrant clients. By incorporating ethnographic methods in traditional public health needs assessments, we were able to highlight the diversity of migrant experiences and better understand the health needs of mobile populations more broadly. We discuss the findings in terms of their practical implications for HIV/STD prevention and call on public health to incorporate the concept of mobility as an organizing principle for the delivery of health care services.

Gender Problems in the Practice of Professional Interpreters Assisting Migrant Women in Australia: A Theoretical Case for Feminist Education.

PubMed

Norma, Caroline; Garcia-Caro, Olga

2016-10-01

Professional interpreters in Australia have little opportunity to undertake education on issues of violence against women. This article observes a lack of awareness of gender violence-related issues among community interpreters. It then notes examples of gender-related problems arising in the work of interpreters assisting migrant women. It repeats Maree Pardy's call for interpreter education, but diverges from her 1995 work by explicitly recommending this education be informed by feminist principles. It observes that, although community interpreters are key to migrant women accessing social services in Australia, the profession resists calls for specialized education. This resistance occurs in a country that is recognized internationally for its progressive public service interpreting policies. We question why this is the case, and suggest that adherence to a peculiarly superficial notion of "impartiality" dulls the profession's responsiveness to the reality of male violence. We draw on government and non-governmental organization (NGO) reports, as well as interpreting scholarship using a gender lens, to theorize the need for feminist education of professional community interpreters. © The Author(s) 2016.

Building Partnership to Improve Migrants' Access to Healthcare in Mumbai.

PubMed

Gawde, Nilesh Chandrakant; Sivakami, Muthusamy; Babu, Bontha V

2015-01-01

An intervention to improve migrants' access to healthcare was piloted in Mumbai with purpose of informing health policy and planning. This paper aims to describe the process of building partnership for improving migrants' access to healthcare of the pilot intervention, including the role played by different stakeholders and the contextual factors affecting the intervention. The process evaluation was based on Baranowski and Stables' framework. Observations in community and conversations with stakeholders as recorded in daily diaries, minutes of pre-intervention workshops, and stakeholder meetings served as data sources. Data were coded using the framework and descriptive summaries of evaluation components were prepared. Recruitment of stakeholders was easier than sustaining their interest. Community representatives led the intervention assisted by government officials. They planned community-level interventions to improve access to healthcare that involved predominantly information, education, and communication activities for which pre-existing formal and informal social networks and community events were used. Although the intervention reached migrants living with families, single male migrants neither participated nor did the intervention reach them consistently. Contextual factors such as culture differences between migrants and native population and illegality in the nature of the settlement, resulting in the exclusion from services, were the barriers. Inclusive multi-stakeholder partnership, including migrants themselves and using both formal and informal networks in community is a feasible strategy for health education and has potential to improve the migrants' access to healthcare. However, there are challenges to the partnership process and new strategies to overcome these challenges need to be tested such as peer-led models for involvement of single male migrants. For sustaining such efforts and mainstreaming migrants, addressing contextual factors and having formal mechanisms for their inclusion are equally important.

Unsafe abortion as a birth control method: maternal mortality risks among unmarried cambodian migrant women on the Thai-Cambodia border.

PubMed

Hegde, Shalika; Hoban, Elizabeth; Nevill, Annemarie

2012-11-01

Reproductive health research and policies in Cambodia focus on safe motherhood programs particularly for married women, ignoring comprehensive fertility regulation programs for unmarried migrant women of reproductive age. Maternal mortality risks arising due to unsafe abortion methods practiced by unmarried Cambodian women, across the Thai-Cambodia border, can be considered as a public health emergency. Since Thailand has restrictive abortion laws, Cambodian migrant women who have irregular migration status in Thailand experimented with unsafe abortion methods that allowed them to terminate their pregnancies surreptitiously. Unmarried migrant women choose abortion as a preferred birth control method seeking repeat "unsafe" abortions instead of preventing conception. Drawing on the data collected through surveys, in-depth interviews, and document analysis in Chup Commune (pseudonym), Phnom Penh, and Bangkok, the authors describe the public health dimensions of maternal mortality risks faced by unmarried Cambodian migrant women due to various unsafe abortion methods employed as birth control methods.

Vulnerable to HIV / AIDS. Migration.

PubMed

Fernandez, I

1998-01-01

This special report discusses the impact of globalization, patterns of migration in Southeast Asia, gender issues in migration, the links between migration and HIV/AIDS, and spatial mobility and social networks. Migrants are particularly marginalized in countries that blame migrants for transmission of infectious and communicable diseases and other social ills. Effective control of HIV/AIDS among migrant and native populations requires a multisectoral approach. Programs should critically review the privatization of health care services and challenge economic models that polarize the rich and the poor, men and women, North and South, and migrant and native. Programs should recognize the equality between locals and migrants in receipt of health services. Countermeasures should have input from migrants in order to reduce the conditions that increase vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. Gender-oriented research is needed to understand women's role in migration. Rapid assessment has obscured the human dimension of migrants' vulnerability to HIV. Condom promotion is not enough. Migration is a major consequence of globalization, which holds the promise, real or imagined, of prosperity for all. Mass migration can be fueled by explosive regional developments. In Southeast Asia, migration has been part of the process of economic development. The potential to emigrate increases with greater per capita income. "Tiger" economies have been labor importers. Safe sex is not practiced in many Asian countries because risk is not taken seriously. Migrants tend to be used as economic tools, without consideration of social adjustment and sex behavior among singles.

Exploring the Relational Complexities of "Learning ART Together": A Museum Based Art Program for Migrant Women

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanders-Bustle, Lynn; Meyer, Jaymie; Standafer Busch, Liz

2017-01-01

In this article, researchers discuss how relational theory (Bourriaud, 2002) can be used to understand the experiences of five migrant women participating in a museum art program called "Learning ART Together." We posit that museums and art centers, like many institutions, are constantly working in tension with rigid institutional…

OEO Programs for Migrant and Seasonal Farm Workers. Title IIIB EOA Projects.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Office of Economic Opportunity, Washington, DC.

The major thrust of Title III-B (Economic Opportunity Act) programs is to prepare migrant and seasonal farm workers for upgraded jobs and to prepare entire farm worker families for alternatives to farm work if they so desire. These alternatives, supported through projects for adult heads of households, emphasize skill training in preparation for…

PENNSYLVANIA MIGRANT DAY CARE PROGRAM AND PARTICIPATING AGENCIES.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

NAYLOR, NAOMI L.

A DESCRIPTION OF A MIGRANT DAY CARE PROGRAM WAS GIVEN. A TOTAL OF 180 PRESCHOOL AND SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN WERE ENROLLED IN SIX DAY CARE CENTERS. SOME FINANCIAL AID, EQUIPMENT, MATERIALS, AND ADVISORY HELP WERE GIVEN TO TWO OTHER CENTERS ENROLLING 40 MORE CHILDREN. FUNDS FOR THE OPERATION OF THE CENTERS WERE FEDERAL FUNDS, ALLOCATED TO PROVIDE…

A Program for Five-Year-Old Migrant Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas Education Agency, Austin.

The program designed during the Institute for Kindergarten Teachers and Aides of Migrant Children is presented. Emphasis is placed on the concept that in order to learn anything, young children must have direct sensory experience related to the idea to be learned. It is pointed out that basic to all activities is an understanding of child…

Making Room for Foster Children: A Criterion-Referenced Approach to ESEA Title I Migrant Program Evaluation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oxford, Rebecca L.; And Others

The Washington state Title I Migrant Program Evaluation project is a feasibility study designed to assess the suitability of existing normed criterion referenced tests to measuring mathematics achievement at grades four, five, and six. Objectives include judging the technical qualities and content of several normed criterion referenced tests;…

Migrant and Seasonal Head Start Participants, Programs, Families, and Staff in 2014

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mohan, Anitha; Walker, Christina

2016-01-01

Migrant and Seasonal Head Start (MSHS) provides child care and other services to migrants to ensure that young children from birth to age 5 are not with their parents in the fields, where they can be exposed to pesticides, hazardous equipment, extreme heat, and other health dangers. MSHS provides services focused on the "whole child,"…

Meeting the Health Care Needs of a Rural Hispanic Migrant Population With Diabetes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heuer, Loretta; Hess, Carla W.; Klug, Marilyn G.

2004-01-01

There is a need for models of health care that provide accessible, culturally appropriate, quality services to the population of Hispanic migrant farmworkers at risk for or diagnosed with diabetes. The purposes of this study were to describe the Migrant Health Service, Inc (MHSI), Diabetes Program, the conceptual model on which it is based, and 4…

The Invisible Children of Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers in the United States: An Examination of Existing Pre-K Partnerships

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Academy for Educational Development, 2009

2009-01-01

The National Migrant and Seasonal Head Start Collaboration Office conducted this small scale study to begin to expand, document and disseminate migrant-specific early learning information and to develop a long-range strategy for addressing/increasing collaboration between MSHS and state Pre-Kindergarten programs serving or having the potential to…

Qualifying Work Activities in Louisiana: A Recruiter's Guide To Documenting Eligibility for Migrant Education. Louisiana Migrant Education Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Louisiana State Dept. of Education, Baton Rouge. Bureau of Migrant Education.

This manual was written as a guide for state migrant education recruiters who need to be familiar with the nature of seasonal and temporary work performed by Louisiana's migrating agricultural workers and fishing industry laborers. It is intended to teach recruiters about the agricultural and fishing activities necessary for raising and harvesting…

Understanding the Impact of Migration on HIV Risk: An Analysis of Mexican Migrants' Sexual Practices, Partners, and Contexts by Migration Phase.

PubMed

Zhang, Xiao; Rhoads, Natalie; Rangel, Maria Gudelia; Hovell, Melbourne F; Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos; Sipan, Carol L; Gonzalez-Fagoaga, J Eduardo; Martínez-Donate, Ana P

2017-03-01

HIV risk among Mexican migrants varies across migration phases (pre-departure, transit, destination, interception, and return), but there is limited knowledge about specific sexual behaviors, characteristics of sexual partners, and sexual contexts at different migration stages. To fill the gap, we used data from a cross-sectional population-based survey conducted in Tijuana, Mexico. Information on migration phase and last sexual encounter was collected from 1219 male migrants. Our findings suggest that compared to pre-departure migrants, repeat migrants returning from communities of origin were more likely to have sex with male partners, use substances before sex, and not use condoms; migrants in the transit phase in the Mexican border were more likely to have sex with casual partners and sex workers; and migrants in the interception phase were more likely to engage in anal sex and use substances before sex. Sexual behaviors, partners, and contexts vary significantly among migrants at different migration phases. Tailored HIV prevention programs targeting Mexican migrants need to be developed and implemented at all migration phases.

Creating Undocumented EU Migrants through Welfare: A Conceptualization of Undeserving and Precarious Citizenship

PubMed Central

Mescoli, Elsa

2018-01-01

Following the financial and economic crisis, welfare policies across the EU are increasingly becoming instruments for limiting the mobility of certain EU migrants. In this article, we focus on EU citizens who see their freedom of movement in the EU being restricted after they have applied for social assistance or unemployment benefits in their country of residence. Doing so, we conceptualize undocumented EU migration by means of the concepts of ‘non-deportability’, ‘deservingness’ and ‘precariousness’. Overall, this article – based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted with Italian migrants in Belgium – expands our understanding of undocumented migration by demonstrating how arbitrary and intimidating bureaucratic processes undermine the exercise of EU citizenship. PMID:29899582

Evaluation of the Impact of ESEA Title I Programs for Migrant Children of Migrant Agricultural Workers. Volume IV--Appendices. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Exotech Systems, Inc., Falls Church, VA.

Volume IV of the evaluation report consists of case studies from 10 migrant education projects in 8 of the sample States. These projects were visited in July through September 1973. The case studies give noteworthy or innovative aspects of the projects, detailed descriptions, and the functions. The projects are: (1) Harnett County Summer Migrant…

Abre La Boca: A Component of the California Plan for the Education of Migrant Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levene, Carol

A 1969 summer program under the Region III Migrant Education Project in Merced County, California, brought dental services to migrant children in the northern San Joaquin Valley. The goal was to screen and test as many children of migratory agricultural workers as possible in a set span of time. The University of California School of Dentistry was…

Status of neotropical migrant landbirds in the Midwest: identifying species of management concern

Treesearch

Frank R. Thompson; Stephen J. Lewis; Janet D. Green; David N. Ewert

1993-01-01

We ranked species of neotropical migrant landbirds by decreasing management concern for their viability in the Midwest. This was part of a coordinated effort by regional working groups of the Partners In Flight Program, an interagency program for the conservation of neotropical migratory birds (NTMBs). Species were ranked by seven criteria, developed by working group...

A Resource Guide for an Exploratory Curriculum for Three-Year Old Migrant Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hoffman, Stevie; Mottola, Niel

The rational for the curriculum design for three-year-old migrant children in an expanded-day educational program is presented. Consideration is given for each of the program phases, the learning environment, the rationale for a pre-service workshop and on-going in-service consultancy. This curriculum is based on the premise that, because of the…

North Carolina State Agencies Working to Prevent Agricultural Injuries and Illnesses.

PubMed

Langley, Ricky; Hirsch, Anne; Cullen, Regina; Allran, John; Woody, Renee; Bell, Derrick

2017-01-01

Over the past 25 years, the North Carolina Departments of Labor, Agriculture and Consumer Services, and Health and Human Services have worked with farmers, farmworkers, commodity and trade associations, universities, and cooperative extension agents to develop programs to decrease the occurrence of injuries and illnesses among agricultural workers and their families. The Bureau of Agricultural Safety and Health in the North Carolina Department of Labor helped craft the Migrant Housing Act, created the Gold Star program, and developed numerous projects promoting rural highway safety and farm safety. The Structural Pest Control & Pesticides Division in the North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services administers programs funded by the Pesticide Environmental Trust Fund (PETF), including the Pesticide Container Recycling Program, Pesticide Disposal Assistance Program (PDAP), and Soil Fumigation Training. The Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch (OEEB) in the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services developed public health surveillance programs for pesticide incidents and carbon monoxide poisoning. These projects, programs, and policies demonstrate the work that North Carolina state agencies are doing to improve the health of agricultural workers and their families.

Communication challenges experienced by migrants with cancer: A comparison of migrant and English-speaking Australian-born cancer patients.

PubMed

Hyatt, Amelia; Lipson-Smith, Ruby; Schofield, Penelope; Gough, Karla; Sze, Ming; Aldridge, Lynley; Goldstein, David; Jefford, Michael; Bell, Melanie L; Butow, Phyllis

2017-10-01

Understanding the difficulties faced by different migrant groups is vital to address disparities and inform targeted health-care service delivery. Migrant oncology patients experience increased morbidity, mortality and psychological distress, with this tentatively linked to language and communication difficulties. The objective of this exploratory study was to investigate the communication barriers and challenges experienced by Arabic, Greek and Chinese (Mandarin and Cantonese) speaking oncology patients in Australia. This study employed a cross-sectional design using patient-reported outcome survey data from migrant and English-speaking Australian-born patients with cancer. Patients were recruited through oncology clinics and Australian state cancer registries. Data were collected regarding patient clinical and demographic characteristics and health-care and communication experiences. Data from the clinics and registries were combined for analysis. Significant differences were found between migrant groups in demographic characteristics, communication and health-care experiences, and information and care preferences. Chinese patients cited problems with understanding medical information, the Australian health-care system, and communicating with their health-care team. Conversely, Arabic- and Greek-speaking patients reported higher understanding of the health-care system, and less communication difficulties. Our study findings suggest that migrant groups differ from each other in their health communication expectations and requirements. Lower education and health literacy of some groups may play a role in poorer health outcomes. Public health interventions and assistance provided to migrants should be tailored to the specific needs and characteristics of that language or cultural group. Future research directions are discussed. © 2017 The Authors Health Expectations Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

HIV testing and counselling for migrant populations living in high-income countries: a systematic review

PubMed Central

Monge, Susana; Azcoaga, Amaya; Rio, Isabel; Hernando, Victoria; Gonzalez, Cristina; Alejos, Belen; Caro, Ana Maria; Perez-Cachafeiro, Santiago; Ramirez-Rubio, Oriana; Bolumar, Francisco; Noori, Teymur; Del Amo, Julia

2013-01-01

Background: The barriers to HIV testing and counselling that migrants encounter can jeopardize proactive HIV testing that relies on the fact that HIV testing must be linked to care. We analyse available evidence on HIV testing and counselling strategies targeting migrants and ethnic minorities in high-income countries. Methods: Systematic literature review of the five main databases of articles in English from Europe, North America and Australia between 2005 and 2009. Results: Of 1034 abstracts, 37 articles were selected. Migrants, mainly from HIV-endemic countries, are at risk of HIV infection and its consequences. The HIV prevalence among migrants is higher than the general population’s, and migrants have higher frequency of delayed HIV diagnosis. For migrants from countries with low HIV prevalence and for ethnic minorities, socio-economic vulnerability puts them at risk of acquiring HIV. Migrants have specific legal and administrative impediments to accessing HIV testing—in some countries, undocumented migrants are not entitled to health care—as well as cultural and linguistic barriers, racism and xenophobia. Migrants and ethnic minorities fear stigma from their communities, yet community acceptance is key for well-being. Conclusions: Migrants and ethnic minorities should be offered HIV testing, but the barriers highlighted in this review may deter programs from achieving the final goal, which is linking migrants and ethnic minorities to HIV clinical care under the public health perspective. PMID:23002238

Impact of Safety Training and Interventions on Training-Transfer: Targeting Migrant Construction Workers.

PubMed

Hussain, Rahat; Pedro, Akeem; Lee, Do Yeop; Pham, Hai Chien; Park, Chan Sik

2018-05-01

Despite substantial efforts to improve construction safety training, the accident rate of migrant workers is still high. One of the primary factors contributing to the inefficacy of training includes information delivery gaps during training sessions (knowledge-transfer). In addition, there is insufficient evidence that these training programs alone are effective enough to enable migrant workers to transfer their skills to jobsite (training-transfer). This research attempts to identify and evaluate additional interventions to improve the transfer of acquired knowledge to workplace. For this purpose, this study presents the first known experimental effort to assess the effect of interventions on migrant work groups in a multinational construction project in Qatar. Data analysis reveals that the adoption of training programs with the inclusion of interventions significantly improves training-transfer. Construction safety experts can leverage the findings of this study to enhance training-transfer by increasing worker's safety performance and hazard identification ability.

National Migrant Education Program: Early Childhood Development Skills--Birth Through 5 Years (Desarrollo de Destrezas en la Temprana Infancia--Desde el Nacimiento Hasta los Cinco Anos de Edad).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1979

Compiled to ensure cooperation between states and to provide continuity of reporting on developmental skills for the migrant child from birth through five years of age, this booklet lists the psychomotor, cognitive, and affective skills which are reported through the Migrant Student Record Transfer System (MSRTS). Published in both English and…

Movement between Mexico and Canada: Analysis of a New Migration Stream

PubMed Central

Massey, Douglas; Brown, Amelia E.

2011-01-01

In this analysis we use data from the Mexican Migration Project to contrast processes of Mexican migration to Canada and the United States. All migrants to Canada entered through the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program and consistent with program criteria, migration there is strongly predicted by marital status and number of dependents, yielding a migrant population that is made up of males of prime labor-force age who are married and have multiple children at home. In contrast, the vast majority of migrants to the United States are undocumented and thus self-selected without regard to marital status or parenthood. Migration to the United States is strongly predicted by age, and migration probabilities display the age curve classically associated with labor migration. Within countries of destination, migrants to Canada enjoy superior labor market outcomes compared with those to the United States, with higher wages and more compact work schedules that yield higher earnings and shorter periods away from families compared with undocumented migrants to the United States. Labor migration to Canada also tends to operate as a circular flow with considerable repeat migration whereas undocumented migrants to the United States do not come and go so regularly, as crossing the Mexico-U.S. border has become increasingly difficult and costly. PMID:24347678

"Hospital utilization by Mexican migrants returning to Mexico due to health needs".

PubMed

González-Block, Miguel A; de la Sierra-de la Vega, Luz A

2011-04-18

A total of 12.7 million Mexicans reside as migrants in the United States, of whom only 45% have health insurance in this country while access to health insurance by migrants in Mexico is fraught with difficulties. Health insurance has been shown to impact the use of health care in both countries. This paper quantifies hospitalizations by migrants who return from the US seeking medical care in public and private hospitals in the US-Mexico border area and in communities of origin. The proportion of bed utilization and the proportion of hospitalizations in Mexico out of the total expected by migrants in the US were estimated. The universe included 48 Ministry of Health and 47 private hospitals serving municipalities of high or very high migration in Mexico, where 17% of remittance-receiving households are located, as well as 15 public and 159 private hospitals in 10 Mexican cities along the border with the US. Hospitals were sampled through various methods to include 27% of beds. Patients and staff were interviewed and data triangulated to quantify migrants that returned to Mexico seeking medical care. Official hospital discharge statistics and secondary data from migration databases and published statistics were analyzed to identify bed occupancy, general migrant hospitalization rates and the size of the migrant population that maintains close relationships with households in communities of origin. Up to 1609 migrants were admitted to public hospitals (76.6%) and 492 to private hospitals (23.4%) serving municipalities of high and very high migration intensity in 2008. Up to 0.90% of public hospital capacity was used. In the border area up to 908 and 2416 migrants were admitted to public (27.3%) and private (72.7%) hospitals, respectively. Up to 1.18% of public hospital capacity was used. Between 2.4% and 20.4% of the expected hospitalization needs of migrants with dependent households are satisfied through these services. The most common diagnostic categories mentioned across hospitals were traumatisms, complications of diabetes and elective surgery, in that order. Private hospitals mention elective surgeries as the main diagnostic category followed by complications of diabetes. Hospitals in communities of origin in Mexico are devoting few resources to respond to hospitalization needs of migrants in the US. Currently no hospital programs exist to stimulate migrant demand or to cater to their specific needs. Registering migratory history in clinical and administrative records can be readily implemented. Developing bi-national referral networks and insuring migrants in the US within current Mexican federal programs could greatly increase migrant access to hospitals.

"Hospital utilization by Mexican migrants returning to Mexico due to health needs"

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background A total of 12.7 million Mexicans reside as migrants in the United States, of whom only 45% have health insurance in this country while access to health insurance by migrants in Mexico is fraught with difficulties. Health insurance has been shown to impact the use of health care in both countries. This paper quantifies hospitalizations by migrants who return from the US seeking medical care in public and private hospitals in the US-Mexico border area and in communities of origin. The proportion of bed utilization and the proportion of hospitalizations in Mexico out of the total expected by migrants in the US were estimated. Methods The universe included 48 Ministry of Health and 47 private hospitals serving municipalities of high or very high migration in Mexico, where 17% of remittance-receiving households are located, as well as 15 public and 159 private hospitals in 10 Mexican cities along the border with the US. Hospitals were sampled through various methods to include 27% of beds. Patients and staff were interviewed and data triangulated to quantify migrants that returned to Mexico seeking medical care. Official hospital discharge statistics and secondary data from migration databases and published statistics were analyzed to identify bed occupancy, general migrant hospitalization rates and the size of the migrant population that maintains close relationships with households in communities of origin. Results Up to 1609 migrants were admitted to public hospitals (76.6%) and 492 to private hospitals (23.4%) serving municipalities of high and very high migration intensity in 2008. Up to 0.90% of public hospital capacity was used. In the border area up to 908 and 2416 migrants were admitted to public (27.3%) and private (72.7%) hospitals, respectively. Up to 1.18% of public hospital capacity was used. Between 2.4% and 20.4% of the expected hospitalization needs of migrants with dependent households are satisfied through these services. The most common diagnostic categories mentioned across hospitals were traumatisms, complications of diabetes and elective surgery, in that order. Private hospitals mention elective surgeries as the main diagnostic category followed by complications of diabetes. Conclusions Hospitals in communities of origin in Mexico are devoting few resources to respond to hospitalization needs of migrants in the US. Currently no hospital programs exist to stimulate migrant demand or to cater to their specific needs. Registering migratory history in clinical and administrative records can be readily implemented. Developing bi-national referral networks and insuring migrants in the US within current Mexican federal programs could greatly increase migrant access to hospitals. PMID:21501516

Health equity and migrants in the Greater Mekong Subregion

PubMed Central

McMichael, Celia; Healy, Judith

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT Background: Migrant health is receiving increasing international attention, reflecting recognition of the health inequities experienced among many migrant populations and the need for health systems to adapt to diverse migrant populations. In the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) there is increasing migration associated with uneven economic integration and growth, socio-economic vulnerabilities, and disparities between countries. There has been limited progress, however, in improving migrant access to health services in the Subregion. This paper examines the health needs, access barriers, and policy responses to cross-border migrants in five GMS countries. Methods: A review of published literature and research was conducted on migrant health and health service access in Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Thailand, and Viet Nam, as well as analysis of current migration trends and universal health coverage (UHC) indicators in the Subregion. The review included different migrant types: i.e. migrant workers, irregular migrants, victims of trafficking, refugees and asylum seekers, and casual cross-border migrants. Results: There is substantial diversity in the capacity of GMS health systems to address migrant populations. Thailand has sought to enhance migrant health coverage, including development of migrant health policies/programs, bilateral migrant worker agreements, and migrant health insurance schemes; Viet Nam provides health protection for emigrant workers. Overall, however, access to good quality health care remains weak for many citizens in GMS countries let alone migrants. Migrant workers – and irregular migrants in particular – face elevated health risks yet are not adequately covered and incur high out-of-pocket (OOP) payments for health services. Conclusions: UHC implies equity: UHC is only achieved when everyone has the opportunity to access and use good-quality health care. Efforts to achieve UHC in the GMS require deliberate policy decisions to include migrants. The emergence of the UHC agenda, and the focus on migrant health among policy makers and partners, present an opportunity to tackle barriers to health service access, extend coverage, and strengthen partnerships in order to improve migrant health. This is an opportune time for GMS countries to develop migrant-inclusive health systems. PMID:28452652

Early Childhood Education Learning System for Three-and Four-Year-Old Migrant Children, McAllen, Texas. Evaluation Report, 1968-1969.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Southwest Educational Development Lab., Austin, TX.

This document reports on a program seen as an integral part of a total educational development plan for migrant children. The Early Childhood Education Learning System is an instructional program which includes staff development and parent-school-community involvement. Focus is on the special learning problems of Mexican-American children and the…

An Innovative Mobile Health System to Improve and Standardize Antenatal Care Among Underserved Communities: A Feasibility Study in an Italian Hosting Center for Asylum Seekers.

PubMed

Borsari, Lucia; Stancanelli, Giovanna; Guarenti, Laura; Grandi, Teresa; Leotta, Serena; Barcellini, Lucia; Borella, Paola; Benski, Anne Caroline

2017-11-16

Innovative migrant-friendly tools are needed to assist health personnel manage the high number of pregnancies within reception centers. This study tests functionality and acceptability of a new mHealth system in providing antenatal care amongst migrants. The study, carried out between 2014 and 2016, involved 150 pregnant women residing in the largest European migrant reception center in Sicily. A ticket tracking system assessed the system's functionality and a questionnaire assessed women's acceptability. The system facilitated the collection of clinical data, enabling the creation of electronic patient records and identifying 10% of pregnancies as high-risk. The application's digital format increased health providers' adherence to antenatal-care recommendations, while the graphic interface facilitated women's engagement and retention of the health education modules. The study recorded a 91.9% patient satisfaction rate. The system was efficient in providing comprehensive and high-quality antenatal care amongst migrants, facilitating the continuity of care for a population undergoing frequent relocations.

Understanding the Impact of Migration on HIV Risk: An Analysis of Mexican Migrants’ Sexual Practices, Partners, and Contexts by Migration Phase

PubMed Central

Zhang, Xiao; Rhoads, Natalie; Rangel, Maria Gudelia; Hovell, Melbourne F.; Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos; Sipan, Carol L.; Gonzalez-Fagoaga, J. Eduardo; Martínez-Donate, Ana P.

2018-01-01

HIV risk among Mexican migrants varies across migration phases (pre-departure, transit, destination, interception, and return), but there is limited knowledge about specific sexual behaviors, characteristics of sexual partners, and sexual contexts at different migration stages. To fill the gap, we used data from a cross-sectional population-based survey conducted in Tijuana, Mexico. Information on migration phase and last sexual encounter was collected from 1,219 male migrants. Our findings suggested that compared to pre-departure migrants, repeat migrants returning from communities of origin were more likely to have sex with male partners, use substances before sex, and not use condoms; migrants with a recent stay in the Mexican border were more likely to have sex with casual partners and sex workers; and migrants in the interception phase were more likely to engage in anal sex and use substances before sex. Sexual behaviors, partners, and contexts vary significantly among migrants at different migration phases. Tailored HIV prevention programs targeting Mexican migrants need to be developed and implemented at all migration phases. PMID:27888370

Migrants in transit: the importance of monitoring HIV risk among migrant flows at the Mexico-US border.

PubMed

Martinez-Donate, Ana P; Hovell, Melbourne F; Rangel, Maria Gudelia; Zhang, Xiao; Sipan, Carol L; Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos; Gonzalez-Fagoaga, J Eduardo

2015-03-01

We conducted a probability-based survey of migrant flows traveling across the Mexico-US border, and we estimated HIV infection rates, risk behaviors, and contextual factors for migrants representing 5 distinct migration phases. Our results suggest that the influence of migration is not uniform across genders or risk factors. By considering the predeparture, transit, and interception phases of the migration process, our findings complement previous studies on HIV among Mexican migrants conducted at the destination and return phases. Monitoring HIV risk among this vulnerable transnational population is critical for better understanding patterns of risk at different points of the migration process and for informing the development of protection policies and programs.

Migrants in Transit: The Importance of Monitoring HIV Risk Among Migrant Flows at the Mexico–US Border

PubMed Central

Martinez-Donate, Ana P.; Hovell, Melbourne F.; Rangel, Maria Gudelia; Zhang, Xiao; Sipan, Carol L.; Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos; Gonzalez-Fagoaga, J. Eduardo

2015-01-01

We conducted a probability-based survey of migrant flows traveling across the Mexico–US border, and we estimated HIV infection rates, risk behaviors, and contextual factors for migrants representing 5 distinct migration phases. Our results suggest that the influence of migration is not uniform across genders or risk factors. By considering the predeparture, transit, and interception phases of the migration process, our findings complement previous studies on HIV among Mexican migrants conducted at the destination and return phases. Monitoring HIV risk among this vulnerable transnational population is critical for better understanding patterns of risk at different points of the migration process and for informing the development of protection policies and programs. PMID:25602882

"I feel like I am less than other people": Health-related vulnerabilities of male migrants travelling alone on their journey to Europe.

PubMed

Arsenijević, Jovana; Burtscher, Doris; Ponthieu, Aurelie; Severy, Nathalie; Contenta, Andrea; Moissaing, Stephane; Argenziano, Stefano; Zamatto, Federica; Zachariah, Rony; Ali, Engy; Venables, Emilie

2018-07-01

During 2015 and 2016, an unprecedented flow of approximately 800,000 migrants coming from Turkey towards Western Europe crossed the Balkans. Male migrants are perceived as being less vulnerable compared to other migrants and they are not given priority in service and support provision. This qualitative study examines the self-perceived vulnerabilities of male migrants travelling alone along the Balkan route to Europe. Twenty-four individual in-depth interviews, two group interviews and participant observation were conducted with male migrants in Belgrade, Serbia in 2017. Data was coded manually, and analysed thematically. Male migrants traveling alone face the cumulative vulnerability of various traumatic events and migration-related contextual circumstances. Three main themes emerged: the ongoing desperate journey, the better treatment of 'traditionally' well recognised vulnerable sub-groups and the impact of the continuous stress on mental health. Deterrence measures imposed for border control purposes in the form of push-backs, expulsions, detention and degrading, inhumane treatment amplify the psychological distress of male migrants. Feelings of hopelessness, desperation, lack of self-value and self-esteem were reported. 'Traditionally vulnerable' populations were said to have had better treatment throughout the journey from smugglers, border state authorities, governmental officials, civil society and international organizations. The devastating experiences of male migrants, as well as the better treatment offered to other groups of migrants like women and children, results in a perceived neglect of the needs of men in humanitarian response, rendering them vulnerable and exposing them to further health and protection risks. In a context where needs are unmet and people's dignity and health are at risk, specific strategies should be developed to include men in the assistance and protection offered, particularly in relation to exposure to violence. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Associated with Differences in Sexual Risk-Taking Behaviors Among Migrants in South Korea.

PubMed

Jung, Minsoo; Kwon, Dongseok; Oh, Ji-Young

2017-02-01

We investigated influential factors on differences in sexual risk-taking among homosexual migrants. The data used in this paper are based on the survey and medical examination for migrants' sexual behaviors that was carried out by the Korea Federation for HIV/AIDS Prevention in 2011-2013 on participants living in South Korea. Among 1141 migrants, homosexuals were 0.54 times less likely to use condom than heterosexuals. Homosexuals were 2.93 times more likely to be infected with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) than heterosexuals. Among 250 homosexual migrants, those who preferred risky sexual intercourse were 0.19 times less likely to use a condom than heterosexual migrants. Those who have a fixed sexual partner were 0.35 times less likely to be infected with HIV than their counterparts. Administrative programs for STDs prevention of migrants should be focused on their sexual risk-taking, which were limited to casual partnership, unprotected sex, and previous contraction of sexual diseases.

Leveraging the Domain of Work to Improve Migrant Health

PubMed Central

Flynn, Michael A.; Wickramage, Kolitha

2017-01-01

Work is a principal driver of current international migration, a primary social determinant of health, and a fundamental point of articulation between migrants and their host society. Efforts by international organizations to promote migrant health have traditionally focused on infectious diseases and access to healthcare, while international labor organizations have largely focused on issues of occupational health. The underutilization of the domain of work in addressing the health of migrants is truly a missed opportunity for influencing worker well-being and reducing societal economic burden. Understanding of the relationships among migration, work, and health would facilitate further integration of migrant health concerns into the policy agenda of governments and international agencies that work at the nexus of labor, health and development. The domain of work offers an opportunity to capitalize on the existing health and development infrastructure and leverage technical resources, programs and research to promote migrant health. It also provides the opportunity to advance migrant health through new and innovative approaches and partnerships. PMID:29048386

Leveraging the Domain of Work to Improve Migrant Health.

PubMed

Flynn, Michael A; Wickramage, Kolitha

2017-10-19

Work is a principal driver of current international migration, a primary social determinant of health, and a fundamental point of articulation between migrants and their host society. Efforts by international organizations to promote migrant health have traditionally focused on infectious diseases and access to healthcare, while international labor organizations have largely focused on issues of occupational health. The underutilization of the domain of work in addressing the health of migrants is truly a missed opportunity for influencing worker well-being and reducing societal economic burden. Understanding of the relationships among migration, work, and health would facilitate further integration of migrant health concerns into the policy agenda of governments and international agencies that work at the nexus of labor, health and development. The domain of work offers an opportunity to capitalize on the existing health and development infrastructure and leverage technical resources, programs and research to promote migrant health. It also provides the opportunity to advance migrant health through new and innovative approaches and partnerships.

Are Commercial Complementary Food Distributions to Refugees and Migrants in Europe Conforming to International Policies and Guidelines on Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies?

PubMed

Theurich, Melissa Ann; Grote, Veit

2017-08-01

In 2015, more than one million migrants and refugees arrived in Europe. Commercial complementary foods, processed foods marketed for infants and young children 6-23 months of age, were distributed by various humanitarian actors along migrant routes and in European refugee camps. Unsolicited donations and distributions of commercial complementary food products were problematic and divergent from international policies on infant and young child feeding during humanitarian emergencies. Interim guidance regarding commercial complementary foods was published during the peak of the emergency but implemented differently by various humanitarian actors. Clearer and more technical specifications on commercial complementary foods are needed in order to objectively determine their suitability for operational contexts in Europe and emergency nutrition assistance in the future.

78 FR 79221 - Title I-Improving the Academic Achievement of the Disadvantaged; Migrant Education Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-27

...The Secretary proposes regulations to implement the Migrant Student Information Exchange (MSIX), a nationwide, electronic records exchange mechanism mandated under title I, part C, of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, as amended (ESEA). As a condition of receiving a grant of funds under the Migrant Education Program (MEP), each State educational agency (SEA) would be required to collect, maintain, and submit minimum health and educational information to MSIX within established time frames. The proposed regulations would facilitate timely school enrollment, placement, and accrual of secondary course credits for migratory children and help the Department determine accurate migratory child counts and meet other MEP reporting requirements.

Helping Migrant, Neglected, and Delinquent Children Succeed in School. Hearing before the Committee on Education and the Workforce. House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixth Congress, First Session.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. House Committee on Education and the Workforce.

A House of Representatives committee received testimony on programs for migrant children and for neglected and delinquent youth in the context of reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, Title I, Parts C and D, respectively. The director of the U.S. Office of Migrant Education explained changes in the reauthorization,…

Exploring perceptions of HIV risk and health service access among Zimbabwean migrant women in Johannesburg: a gap in health policy in South Africa?

PubMed

Munyewende, Pascalia; Rispel, Laetitia C; Harris, Bronwyn; Chersich, Matthew

2011-01-01

We present qualitative data from a 2005 exploratory study, recently published studies, and an analysis of the Department of Health's strategic plan to highlight the need for a broader policy debate on health-care access for migrants in South Africa. We conducted in-depth interviews with 15 Zimbabwean women living in inner-city Johannesburg to document the special characteristics of this group of migrants, enquiring about their perceptions of HIV risk, and experiences of health services in South Africa. We identified access barriers, namely perceptions of relatively low HIV risk, severely constrained financial circumstances, uncertain legal status, and experiences of unresponsive health workers. We recommend that migrant-health rights be placed on South Africa's policy agenda, migrants be included in HIV prevention programs and that health workers be sensitized to the needs of migrants.

76 FR 51004 - Notice of Proposed Information Collection Requests

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-17

... DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Notice of Proposed Information Collection Requests AGENCY: Department of... information technology. Dated: August 12, 2011. Darrin A. King, Director, Information Collection Clearance... information from State Migrant Education Programs on their participation in the Binational Migrant Education...

Improving the Academic Achievement of the Disadvantaged; Migrant Education Program. Final Rule. Federal Register, Department of Education, 34 CFR Part 200

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Archives and Records Administration, 2008

2008-01-01

The Secretary amends the regulations governing the Migrant Education Program (MEP) administered under Part C of Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, as amended (ESEA). These final regulations adjust the base amounts of the MEP Basic State Formula grant allocations for fiscal year (FY) 2006 and subsequent years (as well…

South African HIV/AIDS programming overlooks migration, urban livelihoods, and informal workplaces.

PubMed

Vearey, Jo; Richter, Marlise; Núñez, Lorena; Moyo, Khangelani

2011-01-01

South Africa has the largest population of people living with HIV globally and is associated with high population mobility. The majority of migrants move in search of improved livelihood opportunities, and many who migrate (both internally and across borders) move into urban areas, often through peripheral informal settlements where HIV prevalence is shown to be double that of urban formal areas. While the relationship between migration and the spread of HIV is acknowledged as complex, the context of migration may place individuals at increased risk for acquiring HIV. Studies have demonstrated the long-wave impact of HIV and AIDS on livelihood activities and, more recently, on patterns of migration. Many migrants engage in livelihood strategies situated within the urban 'informal economy'; these informal workplaces are often overlooked in global and national legislation governing workplace responses to health and HIV and AIDS. This study draws on existing research and limited primary data to explore the implications of HIV/AIDS programming for diverse migrant groups labouring in informal workplaces in Johannesburg, South Africa. We describe three case studies: waste-pickers at a dumpsite in a peripheral urban informal settlement; barmen and cleaners working in inner-city hotels where sex is also sold; and, migrants engaged in informal livelihood activities who are also members of burial societies. Given the importance of varied informal livelihood activities for diverse migrant groups, particularly in urban areas of South Africa, we propose that the national HIV/AIDS response can and should engage with internal and cross-border migrants in informal workplaces - which is in line with the principle of universal access and will strengthen the national response. Especially, we point out the potential for burial societies to provide an entry point for HIV/AIDS programming that targets migrant groups involved in the informal economy of South African cities.

Risk Factors for Sexually Transmitted Disease Among Rural-to-Urban Migrants in China: Implications for HIV/Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention

PubMed Central

LIU, HONGJIE; LI, XIAOMING; STANTON, BONITA; LIU, HUI; LIANG, GUOJUN; CHEN, XINGUANG; YANG, HONGMEI; HONG, YAN

2007-01-01

The objective of the study was to identify risk factors associated with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among rural-to-urban migrants in Beijing in 2002. Migrants with STDs consisted of 432 migrants who sought STD care in two public STD clinics. Migrants without STDs included 892 migrants recruited from 10 occupational clusters. Multiple logistic regression was used for data analysis. Compared to migrants without STDs, migrants with STDs were more likely to report having engaged in commercial sex (selling or buying sex) (odds ratio [OR] = 2.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.71–4.25), multiple sex partners in the previous month (OR = 6.50, 95% CI: 3.73–11.32) and higher perceived HIV-related stigma (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.30–2.75). Being a migrant with an STD was also associated with female gender (OR = 4.10, 95% CI: 2.89–5.82), higher education (OR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.40–6.06), and higher monthly salary (OR = 1.68. 95% CI: 1.23–2.29). Migrants with STDs visited their hometowns more frequently and had more stable jobs than migrants without STDs. Approximately 10% of the migrants with STDs and 7.7% of the migrants without STDs always used condoms. This study suggests that among migrants, acquisition of an STD is associated with higher participation in risk behaviors as would be expected, but also with higher perceived stigma, education, stable jobs, salary, and with female gender. Appropriate behavioral intervention programs are advocated to reduce the risk and stigma among the special population. PMID:15665635

The protection of migrant workers and international labour standards.

PubMed

Bohning, W R

1988-06-01

International labor standards take the form of Conventions and Recommendations that embody the agreements reached by a 2/3 majority of the representatives of Governments, Employers, and Workers of International Labour Office (ILO) member states. Originally designed to guard against the danger that 1 country or other would keep down wages and working conditions to gain competitive advantage and thereby undermine advances elsewhere, international labor standards have also been inspired by humanitarian concerns--the visible plight of workers and the physical dangers of industrialization and by the notion of social justice, which embraces wellbeing and dignity, security, and equality as well as a measure of participation in economic and social matters. ILO standards apply to workers generally and therefore also to migrant workers, irrespective of the fact that the general standards are complemented by standards especially for migrant workers. The social security protection of migrant workers has been dealt with in ILO instruments primarily from the angle of equality of treatment but also from that of the maintenance of acquired rights and rights in course of acquisition, including the payment of benefits to entitled persons resident abroad. The ILO Conventions on migrant workers and the Recommendations which supplement them deal with practically all aspects of the work and life of non-nationals such as recruitment matters, information to be made available, contract conditions, medical examination and attention, customs, exemption for personal effects, assistance in settling into their new environment, vocational training, promotion at work, job security and alternative employment, liberty of movement, participation in the cultural life of the state as well as maintenance of their own culture, transfer of earnings and savings, family reunification and visits, appeal against unjustified termination of employment or expulsion, and return assistance. ILO's supervisory mechanism consists basically of a dialogue between the ILO and the Government that is responsible for a law, regulation, or practice alleged to be in contravention of principles it voluntarily accepted. The control machinery is often set in motion by workers' organizations. The UN General Assembly is currently elaborating a new instrument designed to cover both regular and irregular migrant workers and their families.

Assessment of the overall effect of migration: the Hexi corridor irrigation and migrant settlement project.

PubMed

Zhang, M; Zhang, Z

1996-01-01

This article presents an assessment of an agricultural development program in the Shule River Valley, Gansu Province, China. Migrants were settled in the Shule River Valley as part of an agricultural economic development plan to alleviate poverty and reduce population pressure at the place of origin. The settlement plan included water conservation, settlement of migrants, infrastructure development, environmental protection, support for township enterprises, transportation, education, and medical services. The project costs amounted to about 13,000 yuan per person. It was expected that migrant income would average about 1000 yuan per person over 10 years, and government relief would be reduced by about 142 yuan per person. The annual rate of return of the total investment was estimated to be 9% in 11.5 years. The individual investment for housing construction, farm tools and equipment, installation of water and power, and moving costs would amount to among 4750 yuan per household, or about 1000 yuan per person. The government allowance of 1100 yuan per person would cover these costs. It was expected that migrants' per capita net income would be 300 yuan within three years of the move. Findings from other migrant programs reveal an increase in food productivity and migrant income. Over 5 years, the grain shipped by the government to the central part of the province decreased from 285,000 tons to 145,000 tons during 1982-87. The increased grain production and the reduced demand for government supplies of grain will ease the short supply of grain in Gansu Province. The 200,000 migrants reduced grain demand by 50% and left 26,667 hectares of arable land that resulted in higher per capita land supply at the place of origin. Migrants' lives will be improved in numerous ways, such as reduced intermarriage with close relatives. The new development area is based on sound environmental planning.

Migrant Child Welfare: A State of the Field Study of Child Welfare Services for Migrant Children and Their Families Who Are In-Stream, Home Based, Or Settled-Out. Final Report, June 1977.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cavenaugh, David N.; And Others

The five parts of this report present the findings and recommendations of the Migrant Child Welfare study. Part I briefly summarizes the impact of the child welfare services and the family interview results, and reviews the organizational structure of program delivery at the state and local levels. Part II synthesizes the information obtained from…

Child survival in big cities: the disadvantages of migrants.

PubMed

Brockerhoff, M

1995-05-01

Data from 15 Demographic and Health Surveys are used to examine whether rural-urban migrants in developing countries experience higher child mortality after settling in towns and cities than do lifelong urban residents, and if so, what individual or household characteristics account for this. Findings indicate that children of female migrants from the countryside generally have much poorer survival chances than other urban children. This survival disadvantage is more pronounced in big cities than in smaller urban areas, among migrants who have lived in the city for many years than among recent migrants, and in urban Latin America than in urban North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa. Within big cities, higher child mortality among migrant women is clearly related to their concentration in low-quality housing, and in part to fertility patterns at early ages of children and mother's educational attainment at later ages. Excess child mortality among urban migrants may also result from factors associated with the migration process, that are outlined in this study but not included in the analysis. Evidence of moderately high levels of residential segregation of migrant women in big cities suggests that opportunities exist for urban health programs to direct interventions to this disadvantaged segment of city populations.

MIGRATORY LABOR IN OHIO.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

BINGHAM, SALLY

OHIO HAS BECOME A HIGHLY INDUSTRIALIZED STATE WITH INSUFFICIENT QUALIFIED LOCAL FARM WORKERS TO MEET HARVEST DEMANDS. MIGRANT WORKERS HAVE FILLED THAT NEED, DOING MOSTLY "STOOP WORK" AND WORKING IN FOOD PROCESSING PLANTS. THE ANNUAL WORKER PLAN HAS PROVIDED FOR MORE EFFICIENT SCHEDULING OF MIGRANTS. CONSTRUCTIVE PROGRAMS HAVE BEEN…

42 CFR 56.104 - Application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GRANTS GRANTS FOR MIGRANT HEALTH SERVICES... grants for planning and development of migrant health centers), subpart C (relating to grants for the... and State health and social service programs; and (iii) The boundaries of such area eliminate, to the...

42 CFR 56.104 - Application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GRANTS GRANTS FOR MIGRANT HEALTH SERVICES... grants for planning and development of migrant health centers), subpart C (relating to grants for the... and State health and social service programs; and (iii) The boundaries of such area eliminate, to the...

42 CFR 56.104 - Application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GRANTS GRANTS FOR MIGRANT HEALTH SERVICES... grants for planning and development of migrant health centers), subpart C (relating to grants for the... and State health and social service programs; and (iii) The boundaries of such area eliminate, to the...

Elderly Care and Intrafamily Resource Allocation when Children Migrate.

PubMed

Antman, Francisca M

2012-01-01

This paper considers the intrafamily allocation of elderly care in the context of international migration where migrant children may be able to provide financial assistance to their parents, but are unable to offer physical care. To investigate the interaction between siblings, I take a non-cooperative view of family decision-making and estimate best response functions for individual physical and financial contributions as a function of siblings' contributions. I address the endogeneity of siblings' contributions and individual migration decisions by using siblings' characteristics as instrumental variables as well as models including family fixed effects. For both migrants and non-migrants, I find evidence that financial contributions function as strategic complements while siblings' time contributions operate as strategic substitutes. This suggests that children's contributions toward elderly care may be based on both strategic bequest and public good motivations.

Elderly Care and Intrafamily Resource Allocation when Children Migrate *

PubMed Central

Antman, Francisca M.

2012-01-01

This paper considers the intrafamily allocation of elderly care in the context of international migration where migrant children may be able to provide financial assistance to their parents, but are unable to offer physical care. To investigate the interaction between siblings, I take a non-cooperative view of family decision-making and estimate best response functions for individual physical and financial contributions as a function of siblings’ contributions. I address the endogeneity of siblings’ contributions and individual migration decisions by using siblings’ characteristics as instrumental variables as well as models including family fixed effects. For both migrants and non-migrants, I find evidence that financial contributions function as strategic complements while siblings’ time contributions operate as strategic substitutes. This suggests that children’s contributions toward elderly care may be based on both strategic bequest and public good motivations. PMID:22518064

Minority workers or minority human beings? A European dilemma

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Skutnabb-Kangas, Tove; Phillipson, Robert

1996-07-01

"European" identities may be politonymic, toponymic, ethnomyic or linguonymic (Bromley 1984). Each dimension may affect whether migrant minorities are treated as "European", and influence their schooling, integration and rights. Treatment and terminology vary in different states and periods of migration. However, the position for immigrated minorities is that they are still largely seen as workers rather than human beings with equal rights. Lack of success in schools is blamed on the migrants themselves rather than the educational system. This construction of migrants as being deficient is parallel to educational practice which falls within a UN definition of linguistic genocide, and contributes to mis-education. If current efforts in international bodies to codify educational linguistic human rights were to lead to greater support for minorities, this could assist in a redefinition of national identities and a reduction of racism and conflict.

A Comparison of the Number of Men Who Have Sex with Men among Rural-To-Urban Migrants with Non-Migrant Rural and Urban Residents in Wuhan, China: A GIS/GPS-Assisted Random Sample Survey Study

PubMed Central

Chen, Xinguang; Yu, Bin; Zhou, Dunjin; Zhou, Wang; Gong, Jie; Li, Shiyue; Stanton, Bonita

2015-01-01

Background Mobile populations and men who have sex with men (MSM) play an increasing role in the current HIV epidemic in China and across the globe. While considerable research has addressed both of these at-risk populations, more effective HIV control requires accurate data on the number of MSM at the population level, particularly MSM among migrant populations. Methods Survey data from a random sample of male rural-to-urban migrants (aged 18-45, n=572) in Wuhan, China were analyzed and compared with those of randomly selected non-migrant urban (n=566) and rural counterparts (580). The GIS/GPS technologies were used for sampling and the survey estimation method was used for data analysis. Results HIV-related risk behaviors among rural-to-urban migrants were similar to those among the two comparison groups. The estimated proportion of MSM among migrants [95% CI] was 5.8% [4.7, 6.8], higher than 2.8% [1.2, 4.5] for rural residents and 1.0% [0.0, 2.4] for urban residents, respectively. Among these migrants, the MSM were more likely than non-MSM to be older in age, married, and migrated to more cities. They were also more likely to co-habit with others in rental properties located in new town and neighborhoods with fewer old acquaintances and more entertainment establishments. In addition, they were more likely to engage in commercial sex and less likely to consistently use condoms. Conclusion Findings of this study indicate that compared to rural and urban populations, the migrant population in Wuhan consists of a higher proportion of MSM who also exhibit higher levels of HIV-related risk behaviors. More effective interventions should target this population with a focus on neighborhood factors, social capital and collective efficacy for risk reduction. PMID:26241900

Healthcare access among circular and undocumented Mexican migrants: results from a pilot survey on the Mexico-US border

PubMed Central

Martinez-Donate, Ana P.; Zhang, Xiao; Rangel, M. Gudelia; Hovell, Melbourne; Simon, Norma-Jean; Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina; Sipan, Carol; Guendelman, Sylvia

2014-01-01

Background Temporary and unauthorized migrants may face unique obstacles to access health care services in the U.S. Objective This study estimated levels of health care access among Mexican migrants returning to Mexico from the U.S. and factors associated with access to health care, with emphasis on the role of modifiable, enabling factors. Methods We conducted a pilot probability health care survey of migrants in the border city of Tijuana, Mexico (N=186). Results Approximately 42% of migrants reported having used health care services in the U.S. during the past year. Only 38% had a usual source of care and approximately 11% went without needed medical care in the U.S. About 71% of migrants did not have health insurance in the U.S. Lack of health insurance and transportation limitations were significantly related to various access indicators. Conclusion These results have implications for future policies and programs aimed to address modifiable health care access barriers faced by these vulnerable and underserved segments of the Mexican migrant population. PMID:25364381

Proficiency in condom use among migrant workers

PubMed Central

Rubens, Muni; McCoy, H. Virginia; Shehadeh, Nancy

2013-01-01

Consistent and correct use of condoms is important to prevent the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. We evaluated condom use skills on an 11-point scale in which participants were observed placing a condom on a penile model. Participants were 375 sexually active African American and Hispanic migrant workers. For analysis, subjects were divided into skilled and unskilled groups by a median split of the condom use skills score. Sexual risk behaviors were analyzed between condom use skilled and unskilled groups and level of condom use skills between African Americans and Hispanics. African Americans showed better skills in using condoms, and participants in the condom-use skilled group used condoms more frequently. Finally, a logistic regression was conducted to find predictors of condom use skills. Significant predictors were ethnicity, language, and assistance-related social support (obtaining advice from people who could provide tangible assistance). PMID:23876817

20 CFR 633.103 - Format for these regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Format for these regulations. 633.103 Section 633.103 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND... applicable to migrant and other seasonally employed farmworker programs. (b) Should the regulations at this...

MIGRANT DAY CARE PROGRAM, 1961.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

NAYLOR, NAOMI L.

WITH THE COOPERATION OF VARIOUS COMMUNITY AGENCIES AND WITH FEDERAL AID FROM THE PUBLIC WELFARE DEPARTMENT, SEVERAL MIGRANT CHILD CARE CENTERS WERE ESTABLISHED BY PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY IN THE CENTRAL PART OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. STAFFS WERE COMPOSED OF DIRECTORS AND EXPERIENCED TEACHERS FROM PRESCHOOL AND ELEMENTARY EDUCATION.…

Rural-to-Urban Migrants and the HIV Epidemic in China

PubMed Central

Hong, Yan; Stanton, Bonita; Li, Xiaoming; Yang, Hongmei; Lin, Danhua; Fang, Xiaoyi; Wang, Jing; Mao, Rong

2006-01-01

China is the next probable frontier for the global HIV epidemic. Central to this anticipated growth of the epidemic is the nation’s new and growing population of rural-to-urban migrants. Although there are an estimated 120 million migrants, little information is available about their social and cultural context of their lives in urban areas and their HIV-related perceptions and behaviors. On the basis of the in-depth individual interviews conducted among 90 rural-to-urban migrants in 2 major Chinese cities, Beijing and Nanjing, this qualitative study was designed to explore these issues with a particular focus on their relevance to sexual transmission of HIV. The findings suggest an urgent need for HIV/STI prevention programs that address the cultural, social, and economic constraints facing the migrant population in China. PMID:16421651

Predictors of the Health-Promoting Behaviors of Nepalese Migrant Workers.

PubMed

Bhandari, Pratibha; Kim, MiYoung

2016-09-01

Health-promoting behaviors assist individuals to prevent disease, promote health, increase longevity, and enjoy a better quality of life. A number of interpersonal, social, and environmental factors have been shown to influence health-promoting behaviors. Little empirical evidence exists about the predictors of health-promoting behaviors among migrant workers. This study uses Pender's health promotion model to describe and identify the predictors of health-promoting behaviors in Nepalese migrant workers in Korea. A cross-sectional research design was used. Nepalese migrants who had been working in South Korea (n = 169) for over 6 months were surveyed between July and December 2012. Self-efficacy was measured using the Perceived Health Competence Scale, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II was used to measure health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, and perceived health status was measured using a single-item question. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze data. Spiritual activity was the highest reported health-promoting behavior, whereas physical activity was the least practiced behavior. Self-efficacy was the only significant predictor of health-promoting behavior. The results of this study suggest that future health-promoting interventions should enhance the self-efficacy of target populations for individual health behaviors. Factors such as working conditions, culture, and economic background that may affect the health-promoting behaviors of migrant workers must be considered when planning nursing interventions. Multicultural nursing structures and policies are needed to reach out proactively to all adult migrant groups.

Respiratory Health in Migrant Populations: A Crisis Overlooked

PubMed Central

Holguin, Fernando; Moughrabieh, M. Anas; Ojeda, Victoria; Patel, Sanjay R.; Peyrani, Paula; Pinedo, Miguel; Celedón, Juan C.; Douglas, Ivor S.; Upson, Dona J.

2017-01-01

The crisis in the Middle East has raised awareness about the challenges encountered by migrant populations, in particular, health-care access and delivery. Similar challenges are encountered by migrant populations around the world, including those entering the United States as refugees and/or survivors of torture as well as Mexicans and other Latin Americans crossing the border. During the 2016 International American Thoracic Society Meeting held in San Francisco, California, a group of researchers and health-care providers discussed these challenges at a minisymposium devoted to the respiratory health of migrants. The discussion focused on the increased incidence of airway diseases among individuals migrating to more developed countries, the problems created by sleep disorders and their implications for cardiovascular and mental health, the challenges inherent in the control of infections in refugee populations, and the problems resulting from deportation. The group also discussed the potential impact of novel strategies made available by Internet-based technologies and how these strategies could be deployed to support worldwide efforts in assisting migrants and refugees, even in countries that find themselves in the direst circumstances. These presentations are summarized in this document, which is not meant to be exhaustive, but to improve awareness about the challenges confronted by migrants and their host nations regarding respiratory health-care access and delivery, and about the need for adequate investment of resources to better define these challenges through research and for the development of efficient strategies for intervention. PMID:28146384

The impacts of migration on maternal and child health services utilisation in Sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from Togo.

PubMed

Atake, E H

2018-06-20

Togo is experiencing a growing phenomenon of migration and consequently receives remittances from international migrants back to their relatives. Remittances represent about 9.4% of the gross domestic product (GDP), placing Togo in the top 10 recipients of remittances in the world in 2014. Despite the importance of remittances, information on their health outcomes is inadequate, particularly if remittances have a positive impact on the utilisation of maternal and child health services. The aim of this article is to evaluate the impacts of migration on maternal and child health services utilisation. Cross-sectional data analysis of mothers aged 15-49 years who have recently given birth. We used propensity score matching to compare the utilisation of health services by mothers and children from households with migrants to those without migrants. We simulated a potential confounder to assess the robustness of the effects of the estimated treatment (i.e. migration). We also addressed the problem of hidden biases with the bounding approach. Deliveries attended by skilled health personnel were found to be 10.3% higher in migrant households than in households without migrants. The antenatal visits of mothers in migrant households were 3.5%-9.5% higher than those of matched control groups. Compared to the non-migrant households, the migrant households had a positive welfare (postnatal checks at the hospital) impact of 11.9%-12.5% percentage points. Furthermore, through access to health insurance, mothers in migrant families enjoy more financial protection with regard to delivery, prenatal and postnatal care. We also found that children in migrant households benefit from more preventive health inputs such as postnatal checks and vaccinations. Our results suggest that migration contributes greatly to improving births at hospitals, skilled birth assistance, and utilisation of antenatal and postnatal care through the return flow of financial resources. Efforts in health care reforms in Togo should take into account the scope of the positive impacts of migration on the utilisation of maternal and child health services. Copyright © 2018 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

42 CFR 56.502 - Application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Application. 56.502 Section 56.502 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GRANTS GRANTS FOR MIGRANT HEALTH SERVICES Grants for Planning and Developing Migrant Health Programs § 56.502 Application. To be approved by the...

42 CFR 56.502 - Application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Application. 56.502 Section 56.502 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GRANTS GRANTS FOR MIGRANT HEALTH SERVICES Grants for Planning and Developing Migrant Health Programs § 56.502 Application. To be approved by the...

Recommendations of the National Advisory Council on Migrant Health, 1993.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Migrant Resource Program, Inc., Austin, TX.

The 1993 recommendations to the Secretary of Health and Human Services on migrant health emphasize that all available federal and state public service programs be mobilized to also serve farmworkers, and that coordination of efforts among federal agencies and departments take place. The following recommendations offer approaches to secure…

42 CFR 56.604 - Grant evaluation and award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Grant evaluation and award. 56.604 Section 56.604 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GRANTS GRANTS FOR MIGRANT HEALTH SERVICES Grants for Operating Migrant Health Programs § 56.604 Grant evaluation and award. (a...

ESEA Title I Migrant. Final Technical Report. Publication 80.40.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Austin Independent School District, TX. Office of Research and Evaluation.

Data from 24 instruments used to evaluate the 1980-81 ESEA Title I Migrant program in the Austin (Texas) Independent School District are presented. A separate section for each instrument includes a description of purpose; procedures and results; and, where appropriate, relevant communications, instructions and statistical data. Summaries describe…

Even Start Projects Serving Migrant Families: Resource Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gonzales, Miriam; Goldstein, David; Stief, Elizabeth; Fiester, Leila; Weiner, Lisa; Waiters, Katrina

Even Start was created by federal legislation to address poverty and illiteracy among low-income families by integrating early childhood education, adult literacy or adult basic education, and parenting education into a unified family literacy program. Migrant Education Even Start (MEES) projects resemble other Even Start projects but are affected…

75 FR 13523 - Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services Overview Information; Migrant and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-22

... DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services Overview Information; Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers Program Correction In notice document 2010-5976 beginning on page 13106 in the issue of Thursday, March 18, 2010 make the following correction: On page 13106, in...

State Title I Migrant Participation Information 1996-97.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henderson, Allison; Daft, Julie; Fong, Pauline

The Migrant Education Program (MEP) is a federal formula grant to states to provide migratory children aged 3-21 with services that address special needs resulting from continual educational disruption. Services can be instructional or supporting, such as social work and health. This report summarizes MEP participation information provided by…

Pennsylvania Migrant Education Projected Graduation Rate Study, 2006

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mangarella, Joseph

2006-01-01

In recent years those concerned with educational outcomes have begun to embrace a paradigm shift towards quantifiable rather than qualitative approaches as learning outcomes are continually measured for effectiveness. The cumulative results of this approach with regards to Pennsylvania's Migrant Education Program (MEP) laid the foundation for this…

Rural-to-urban migration and its implications for poverty alleviation.

PubMed

Skeldon, R

1997-03-01

This article examines rural-urban migration, its role in poverty alleviation in Thailand, and policy implications. The empirical research literature suggests that the poorest tend be left behind by wealthier migrants moving to urban areas. The youngest tend to migrate. The impact of remittances tends to appear more positive in international migration, but the impact of remittances among rural internal migrant families can also be substantial and be responsible for wealth differences within rural communities. Return migrants contribute to communities by bringing back new ideas and new attitudes toward family size. Migration can also produce negative impacts for sending communities, but the total analysis appears to favor positive impacts. The urban sector becomes another resource base for rural populations that can sustain rural populations during rapid change processes. The migrant population tends to be wealthier and better educated than rural populations, but poorer and less educated than urban populations. Informal sectors in urban areas may offer migrants flexible working hours, no taxes or deductions, less bureaucratic structures, and only 9% less income than the formal sector. Social networks reinforce migrant work in the informal sector and segmentation of the labor force. Social networks may be formalized into associations and help in securing migrant's housing and living. Migrants are integrated in a variety of ways into city life. Migrant communities are a source of energy, organizational skills, and talent. The incidence of poverty appears to be the greatest among women. Women migrants and women left behind by migrants must adjust to new conditions. Migration policies tend to focus on regulating the volume of migration. The author concludes that migration alleviates poverty and that policies should address city management, migrant adjustment processes, and training programs for nonmigrants.

Diabetes in migrants and ethnic minorities in a changing World.

PubMed

Montesi, Luca; Caletti, Maria Turchese; Marchesini, Giulio

2016-02-10

On a worldwide scale, the total number of migrants exceeds 200 million and is not expected to reduce, fuelled by the economic crisis, terrorism and wars, generating increasing clinical and administrative problems to National Health Systems. Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD), and specifically diabetes, are on the front-line, due to the high number of cases at risk, duration and cost of diseases, and availability of effective measures of prevention and treatment. We reviewed the documents of International Agencies on migration and performed a PubMed search of existing literature, focusing on the differences in the prevalence of diabetes between migrants and native people, the prevalence of NCD in migrants vs rates in the countries of origin, diabetes convergence, risk of diabetes progression and standard of care in migrants. Even in universalistic healthcare systems, differences in socioeconomic status and barriers generated by the present culture of biomedicine make high-risk ethnic minorities under-treated and not protected against inequalities. Underutilization of drugs and primary care services in specific ethnic groups are far from being money-saving, and might produce higher hospitalization rates due to disease progression and complications. Efforts should be made to favor screening and treatment programs, to adapt education programs to specific cultures, and to develop community partnerships.

Diabetes in migrants and ethnic minorities in a changing World

PubMed Central

Montesi, Luca; Caletti, Maria Turchese; Marchesini, Giulio

2016-01-01

On a worldwide scale, the total number of migrants exceeds 200 million and is not expected to reduce, fuelled by the economic crisis, terrorism and wars, generating increasing clinical and administrative problems to National Health Systems. Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD), and specifically diabetes, are on the front-line, due to the high number of cases at risk, duration and cost of diseases, and availability of effective measures of prevention and treatment. We reviewed the documents of International Agencies on migration and performed a PubMed search of existing literature, focusing on the differences in the prevalence of diabetes between migrants and native people, the prevalence of NCD in migrants vs rates in the countries of origin, diabetes convergence, risk of diabetes progression and standard of care in migrants. Even in universalistic healthcare systems, differences in socioeconomic status and barriers generated by the present culture of biomedicine make high-risk ethnic minorities under-treated and not protected against inequalities. Underutilization of drugs and primary care services in specific ethnic groups are far from being money-saving, and might produce higher hospitalization rates due to disease progression and complications. Efforts should be made to favor screening and treatment programs, to adapt education programs to specific cultures, and to develop community partnerships. PMID:26862371

Trafficking and contract migrant workers in the Middle East.

PubMed

Jureidini, Ray

2010-01-01

The paper addresses a number of issues regarding the extent to which trafficking may be applied to migrant domestic workers who enter under the kafala system of sponsorship in the Middle East. Migrant domestic workers are the most numerous of those mentioned in reports on trafficking for labour exploitation in the region. The discussion seeks to determine whether "trafficking" can be ex post facto, rather than ex ante? In other words, can the label of trafficking be attributed only after the worker has arrived in the receiving country and is victimized according to the principles of trafficking protocols? In addition, must there be a proven intent to traffic by agents, or can employers who harm and/or exploit them be considered as traffickers alone? Should the harm done to workers on arrival at their place of work be classified (and assisted) as victims of trafficking, or as exploited workers?

Using theatrical presentations as a means of disseminating knowledge of HIV/AIDS risk factors to migrant farmworkers: an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Infórmate program.

PubMed

Hovey, Joseph D; Booker, Victoria; Seligman, Laura D

2007-04-01

Previous research has suggested that Mexican migrant farmworkers are at elevated risk for contracting HIV/AIDS and that they are in need of receiving HIV/AIDS-related education. The present study evaluated the impact of the Infórmate adolescent theater program on HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes among farmworker audience members of various ages. Audience members from 7 migrant farmworker camps completed a self-administered questionnaire before and after they observed the Infórmate performance. Paired-samples t-tests and McNemar tests indicated an increase in knowlege in "modes of HIV transmission," "body fluids that can transmit HIV," and items assessing HIV/AIDS "myths." In addition, a greater percentage of farmworkers at posttest reported that they believed that condoms should always be used during sex. The overall findings from this study suggest that theater can be an effective medium for increasing HIV/AIDS-related knowledge among migrant farmworkers. However, it is suggested that, because some farmworkers held false beliefs regarding modes of HIV transmission after viewing the theater program, theater used in combination with other prevention activities may provide for a more comprehensive educational experience.

Acculturation stress and mental health among the marriage migrant women in Busan, South Korea.

PubMed

Im, Hyuk; Lee, Ki Young; Lee, Hyo Young

2014-05-01

Our study investigated mental health and associated factors, especially acculturation stress and coping resources, among "marriage migrant" women. Cross-sectional data were collected for 501 marriage migrant women, about 10 % of those living in Busan, South Korea. Acculturation stress, coping resources, sociodemographic factors were examined using structured questionnaires, and the General Health Questionnaire-28 was administered as a measure of mental health. Many factors were related to mental health, especially marital satisfaction. Core cultural shock and self-rated economic status, interpersonal stress, and social support were also significantly related to mental health status. This study highlights the importance of marriage migrant women's mental health in South Korea. To improve their mental health, increased marital satisfaction, social support, resettlement funds, and/or educational programs that foster coping are needed. Additionally, we should encourage establishment of and participation in marriage migrant self-help groups, which can facilitate adaptation to marriage and to Korean culture.

Does introducing an immunization package of services for migrant children improve the coverage, service quality and understanding? An evidence from an intervention study among 1548 migrant children in eastern China.

PubMed

Hu, Yu; Luo, Shuying; Tang, Xuewen; Lou, Linqiao; Chen, Yaping; Guo, Jing; Zhang, Bing

2015-07-15

An EPI (Expanded Program on Immunization) intervention package was implemented from October 2011 to May 2014 among migrant children in Yiwu, east China. This study aimed to evaluate its impacts on vaccination coverage, maternal understanding of EPI and the local immunization service performance. A pre- and post-test design was used. The EPI intervention package included: (1) extending the EPI service time and increasing the frequency of vaccination service; (2) training program for vaccinators; (3) developing a screening tool to identify vaccination demands among migrant clinic attendants; (4) Social mobilization for immunization. Data were obtained from random sampling investigations, vaccination service statistics and qualitative interviews with vaccinators and mothers of migrant children. The analysis of quantitative data was based on a "before and after" evaluation and qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The immunization registration (records kept by immunization clinics) rate increased from 87.4 to 91.9% (P = 0.016) after implementation of the EPI intervention package and the EPI card holding (EPI card kept by caregivers) rate increased from 90.9 to 95.6% (P = 0.003). The coverage of fully immunized increased from 71.5 to 88.6% for migrant children aged 1-4 years (P < 0.001) and increased from 42.2 to 80.5% for migrant children aged 2-4 years (P < 0.001). The correct response rates on valid doses and management of adverse events among vaccinators were over 90% after training. The correct response rates on immunization among mothers of migrant children were 86.8-99.3% after interventions. Our study showed a substantial improvement in vaccination coverage among migrant children in Yiwu after implementation of the EPI intervention package. Further studies are needed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the interventions, to identify individual interventions that make the biggest contribution to coverage, and to examine the sustainability of the interventions within the existing vaccination service delivery system in a larger scale settings or in a longer term.

A comparative examination of tuberculosis immigration medical screening programs from selected countries with high immigration and low tuberculosis incidence rates

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Tuberculosis (TB) in migrants is an ongoing challenge in several low TB incidence countries since a large proportion of TB in these countries occurs in migrants from high incidence countries. To meet these challenges, several countries utilize TB screening programs. The programs attempt to identify and treat those with active and/or infectious stages of the disease. In addition, screening is used to identify and manage those with latent or inactive disease after arrival. Between nations, considerable variation exists in the methods used in migration-associated TB screening. The present study aimed to compare the TB immigration medical examination requirements in selected countries of high immigration and low TB incidence rates. Methods Descriptive study of immigration TB screening programs Results 16 out of 18 eligible countries responded to the written standardized survey and phone interview. Comparisons in specific areas of TB immigration screening programs included authorities responsible for TB screening, the primary objectives of the TB screening program, the yield of detection of active TB disease, screening details and aspects of follow up for inactive pulmonary TB. No two countries had the same approach to TB screening among migrants. Important differences, common practices, common problems, evidence or lack of evidence for program specifics were noted. Conclusions In spite of common goals, there is great diversity in the processes and practices designed to mitigate the impact of migration-associated TB among nations that screen migrants for the disease. The long-term goal in decreasing migration-related introduction of TB from high to low incidence countries remains diminishing the prevalence of the disease in those high incidence locations. In the meantime, existing or planned migration screening programs for TB can be made more efficient and evidenced based. Cooperation among countries doing research in the areas outlined in this study should facilitate the development of improved screening programs. PMID:21205318

Children of La Frontera: Binational Efforts To Serve Mexican Migrant and Immigrant Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flores, Judith LeBlanc, Ed.

This book includes 20 chapters that provide background on the historical and current context of U.S.-Mexico relations and education in Mexico, examine existing binational educational and health programs, and describe effective practices for teaching Mexican migrant and immigrant students and working with families from Mexico. Following a foreword…

Utah Migrant Education. Annual Evaluation Report, FY 1981.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Utah State Dept. of Public Instruction, Salt Lake City.

Providing continuity in education and the opportunity to study in an environment conducive to learning was the first priority of Utah's Migrant Education program during fiscal year 1981. Operating in 10 districts, 29 teachers and 27 aides (almost all bilingual) served 547 children, kindergarten through grade 12, with 86% being elementary students.…

Promises to Keep: The Continuing Crisis in the Education of Migrant Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Child Labor Committee, New York, NY.

Because the 1966 Programs for Migratory children amendment to Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act has been improperly implemented and systematically subverted, and standards of administration and accountability have been disregarded, equal educational opportunity for migrant children is still not a reality. There are inherent…

FIRST COME LOVE AND UNDERSTANDING.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

MURPHY, SARA

AS A RESULT OF A STUDY BY THE ARKANSAS DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ON THE NEEDS OF MIGRANT CHILDREN, A GRANT WAS OBTAINED FOR THE PURPOSE OF ESTABLISHING A SPECIAL SUMMER SCHOOL PROGRAM FOR MIGRANT YOUTH IN THE EXTREMELY ECONOMICALLY DEPRESSED SPRINGDALE, ARKANSAS, SCHOOL DISTRICT. THIS SITE WAS CHOSEN BECAUSE OF ITS CLOSE PROXIMITY TO A LARGE MIGRANT…

THE TEXAS PROJECT FOR EDUCATION OF MIGRANT CHILDREN.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas Education Agency, Austin.

THE TEXAS STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION REQUESTED A SURVEY IN 1962 TO DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF MIGRATORY CHILDREN AND THEIR MIGRATION PATTERNS, RESULTING IN A 1963 COMMISSION WHICH STUDIED MORE EFFECTIVE WAYS OF EDUCATING MIGRANTS. AMONG THE ADOPTED RECOMMENDATIONS WERE A SIX-MONTH SCHOOL YEAR, LONGER DAILY SCHEDULES, AND FEWER HOLIDAYS. THIS PROGRAM,…

Alternative Funding Sources for Migrant Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Binder, Eugene

Despite 1983 Elementary and Secondary Education ACT (ESEA) Title I federal funding of over $255 million for more than 3,000 projects for some 600,000 migrant children and youth, there is still need for alternate funding sources to overcome spiraling inflation and increasing program costs and numbers of eligible children. Other federal, state,…

Migrant Health Program: New Jersey State Department of Health, 1970 Annual Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New Jersey State Dept. of Health, Trenton.

Included in the New Jersey State Department of Health 1970 annual report are project objectives; information on locations of clinics; summaries of health services provided to the migrant worker and his family in such areas as physician treatment services, family planning, public health nursing, health education, hospital services, dental services,…

Effect of US health policies on health care access for Marshallese migrants.

PubMed

McElfish, Pearl Anna; Hallgren, Emily; Yamada, Seiji

2015-04-01

The Republic of the Marshall Islands is a sovereign nation previously under the administrative control of the United States. Since 1986, the Compacts of Free Association (COFA) between the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the United States allows Marshall Islands citizens to freely enter, lawfully reside, and work in the United States, and provides the United States exclusive military control of the region. When the COFA was signed, COFA migrants were eligible for Medicaid and other safety net programs. However, these migrants were excluded from benefits as a consequence of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act. Currently, COFA migrants have limited access to health care benefits in the United States, which perpetuates health inequalities.

Effect of US Health Policies on Health Care Access for Marshallese Migrants

PubMed Central

Hallgren, Emily; Yamada, Seiji

2015-01-01

The Republic of the Marshall Islands is a sovereign nation previously under the administrative control of the United States. Since 1986, the Compacts of Free Association (COFA) between the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the United States allows Marshall Islands citizens to freely enter, lawfully reside, and work in the United States, and provides the United States exclusive military control of the region. When the COFA was signed, COFA migrants were eligible for Medicaid and other safety net programs. However, these migrants were excluded from benefits as a consequence of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act. Currently, COFA migrants have limited access to health care benefits in the United States, which perpetuates health inequalities. PMID:25713965

Factors Influencing Learning Satisfaction of Migrant Workers in Korea with E-learning-Based Occupational Safety and Health Education

PubMed Central

Lee, Young Joo; Lee, Dongjoo

2015-01-01

Background E-learning-based programs have recently been introduced to the occupational safety and health (OSH) education for migrant workers in Korea. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the factors related to migrant workers' backgrounds and the instructional design affect the migrant workers' satisfaction with e-learning-based OSH education. Methods The data were collected from the surveys of 300 migrant workers who had participated in an OSH education program. Independent sample t test and one-way analysis of variance were conducted to examine differences in the degree of learning satisfaction using background variables. In addition, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted to examine relationships between the instructional design variables and the degree of learning satisfaction. Results There was no significant difference in the degree of learning satisfaction by gender, age, level of education, number of employees, or type of occupation, except for nationality. Among the instructional design variables, “learning content” (β = 0.344, p < 0.001) affected the degree of learning satisfaction most significantly, followed by “motivation to learn” (β = 0.293, p < 0.001), “interactions with learners and instructors” (β = 0.149, p < 0.01), and “previous experience related to e-learning” (β = 0.095, p < 0.05). “Learning environment” had no significant influence on the degree of learning satisfaction. Conclusion E-learning-based OSH education for migrant workers may be an effective way to increase their safety knowledge and behavior if the accuracy, credibility, and novelty of learning content; strategies to promote learners' motivation to learn; and interactions with learners and instructors are systematically applied during the development and implementation of e-learning programs. PMID:26929830

A cross-site intervention in Chinese rural migrants enhances HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude and behavior.

PubMed

Li, Ning; Li, Xiaomei; Wang, Xueliang; Shao, Jin; Dou, Juanhua

2014-04-23

With the influx of rural migrants into urban areas, the spread of HIV has increased significantly in Shaanxi Province (China). Migrant workers are at high risk of HIV infection due to social conditions and hardships (isolation, separation, marginalization, barriers to services, etc.). We explored the efficacy of a HIV/AIDS prevention and control program for rural migrants in Shaanxi Province, administered at both rural and urban sites. Guidance concerning HIV/AIDS prevention was given to the experimental group (266 migrants) for 1 year by the center of disease control, community health agencies and family planning department. The intervention was conducted according to the HIV/AIDS Prevention Management Manual for Rural Migrants. A control group of migrants only received general population intervention. The impact of the intervention was evaluated by administering HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and sexual behavior (KAB) questionnaires after 6 and 12 months. In the experimental group; 6 months of intervention achieved improvements in HIV/AIDS related knowledge. After 12 months; HIV/AIDS-related knowledge reached near maximal scores. Attitude and most behaviors scores were significantly improved. Moreover; the experimental group showed significant differences in HIV-AIDS knowledge; attitude and most behavior compared with the control group. The systematic long-term cross-site HIV/AIDS prevention in both rural and urban areas is a highly effective method to improve HIV/AIDS KAB among rural migrants.

Factors affecting access to healthcare services by intermarried Filipino women in rural Tasmania: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Hannah, Chona T; Lê, Quynh

2012-10-01

Access to health care services is vital for every migrant's health and wellbeing. However, migrants' cultural health beliefs and views can hinder their ability to access available services. This study examined factors affecting access to healthcare services for intermarried Filipino women in rural Tasmania, Australia. A qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews was employed to investigate the factors affecting access to healthcare services for 30 intermarried Filipino women in rural Tasmania. The study used grounded theory and thematic analysis for its data analysis. Nvivo v8 (www.qsrinternational.com) was also used to assist the data coding process and analysis. Five influencing factors were identified: (1) language or communication barriers; (2) area of origin in the Philippines; (3) cultural barriers; (4) length of stay in Tasmania; and (5) expectations of healthcare services before and after migration. Factors affecting intermarried Filipino women in accessing healthcare services are shaped by their socio-demographic and cultural background. The insights gained from this study are useful to health policy-makers, healthcare professionals and to intermarried female migrants. The factors identified can serve as a guide to improve healthcare access for Filipino women and other migrants.

Utah Migrant Council Health Specialist Training Program. Evaluation Report, May 1973.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Tom; Gisler, John

The project involved 14 trainees who were employed by the Utah Migrant Council prior to their training with 8 trainers. Pre-determined by the basic job descriptions for the Health Specialist, the objectives dealt with two basic factors: trainee knowledge and trainee skills in performing specific tasks. Areas covered by the objectives were…

PROPOSED CURRICULUM PROGRAM FOR TEXAS MIGRATORY CHILDREN.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas Education Agency, Austin.

INTENSIVE THOUGHT HAS BEEN GIVEN TO THE PROBLEM OF EDUCATING CHILDREN OF MIGRANT WORKERS IN TEXAS. A SURVEY WAS MADE TO DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF MIGRANT CHILDREN, GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS AFFECTED AND PATTERNS OF MIGRATION. A 6 MONTH SCHOOL SCHEDULE WAS EVOLVED, OFFERING 1,050 HOURS OF INSTRUCTION, 8 HOURS A DAY FOR APPROXIMATELY 27 WEEKS FROM DECEMBER…

Training Migrant Paraprofessionals in Bilingual Mini Head Start. Mexican Cultural Heritage Materials for Preschool Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bermea, Maria Teresa Cruz

Given in this manual are materials used in the Bilingual Mini Head Start Program to teach migrant preschool children about their Mexican cultural heritage. Presented in Spanish, the activities include pronunciation exercises, rhymes, tales, songs, dances, games, and manual activities. Materials are given for teaching about: (1) El Dia de la…

North Carolina Migrant Education Program. 1971 Project Evaluation Reports, Vol. I.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina State Dept. of Public Instruction, Raleigh.

Evaluation reports for 10 of the 23 1971 Summer Migrant Projects in North Carolina are presented in Volume I of this compilation. Each report contains the following information: (1) descriptive statistics and results of student achievement; (2) description of the project as obtained from site team reports and other available information; and (3)…

76 FR 22785 - Direct Certification and Certification of Homeless, Migrant and Runaway Children for Free School...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-25

... 1309 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA). In general, a migrant child is one... Children for Free School Meals AGENCY: Food and Nutrition Service, USDA. ACTION: Interim rule with request... children's eligibility for free meals under the National School Lunch Program and the School Breakfast...

Guidelines for Migrant Infant and Toddler Day Care Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Birckmayer, Jennifer; Willis, Anne

Constant, unpredictable change is a condition of daily life for children of migrant workers; this factor affects much of the care that should be given them. Predictability in the child's daily experience with the same basic routines, toys, bed, and caretakers helps stabilize his world and allows him to build up experiences and make sense of them.…

Intercultural Crossings in a Digital Age: ICT Pathways with Migrant and Refugee-Background Youth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Mara, Ben; Harris, Anne

2016-01-01

This article problematises the uptake and use of digital technologies by migrant and refugee-background young people, through the lens of a site-based arts pedagogy program, Culture Shack (CS), in Melbourne, Australia. It argues that online pedagogies including animation, Facebook, photoshop, mobile phones and Youtube can be used effectively for…

Migrant Health Program [Texas]. Annual Report 1970.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas State Dept. of Health Resources, Austin.

The major portion of this annual report is divided into 4 chapters: (1) Migrant Health: Background and Objectives; (2) The Migrancy Situation; (3) State Report and Regional Reports; and (4) A Look to the Future. Projects and activities of the central office and of the 3 regions discussed relate to such topics as health, education, employment,…

Determinants of health in seasonal migrants: coffee harvesters in Los Santos, Costa Rica.

PubMed

Loría Bolaños, Rocío; Partanen, Timo; Berrocal, Milena; Alvárez, Benjamín; Córdoba, Leonel

2008-01-01

In the agroexport zone of Los Santos Zone in Costa Rica, coffee is harvested by migrant labor. Most migrants are from Panama and Nicaragua. We describe migrants' housing- and service-related health determinants, with analyses of ethnicity, nationality and geography. We used interviews, observation-based assessments, and the Geographic Information System to assess a population of 8,783 seasonal migrants and 1,099 temporary dwellings at a total of 520 farms during 2004-2005. We identified determinants of poor health including widespread deficiencies in the quality of grower-provided dwellings, geographical isolation, crowding, lack of radio and television, and deficient toilets and cooking facilities. The indigenous and non-Costa Ricans shared the poorest conditions. Reluctance to use mainstream public health services was widespread, especially among foreign and indigenous migrants and the geographically isolated. Post-study, researchers organized workshops for audiences including workers, coffee producers, public officials and service providers. Topics have included migration, preventive health and hygiene, and child labor. This work was successful in convincing Costa Rican social security authorities to implement reforms that improve access to and quality of health care for the migrants. Special projects on ergonomics, psychosocial health hazards, and water quality, as well as a literacy program, are ongoing.

20 CFR 633.301 - General responsibilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

....301 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.301 General..., including program and fiscal management, coordination and consultation, allowable activities, participant...

20 CFR 633.301 - General responsibilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

....301 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.301 General..., including program and fiscal management, coordination and consultation, allowable activities, participant...

Cervical and Breast Cancer Screening Among Mexican Migrant Women, 2013

PubMed Central

Guerrero, Natalie; Zhang, Xiao; Rangel, Gudelia; Gonzalez-Fagoaga, J. Eduardo

2016-01-01

Introduction Information on cervical and breast cancer screening among Latinas in the United States is limited. Even less information is available on screening practices of migrant women who engage in circular migration. We examined rates of cervical and breast cancer screening and the extent to which sociodemographics and other characteristics explain screening practices of Mexican migrant women who return to Mexico from the United States. Methods We used data from a cross-sectional probability survey of Mexico-born migrant women who returned, through Tijuana, to Mexico from the United States in 2013. The sample consisted of women who returned involuntarily (via deportation) or voluntarily; 177 reported authorized documentation status, and 36 reported unauthorized documentation status in the previous 12 months. Descriptive statistics were calculated and logistic regressions were estimated. Results Of 36 undocumented migrant women, 8 (22.2%) had a Papanicolaou test and 11 (30.6%) had a mammogram in the previous year; of 177 documented migrants, 83 (46.9%) had a Papanicolaou test and 68 (38.4%) had a mammogram. Undocumented migrants were less likely than documented migrants to receive a Papanicolaou test (odds ratio [OR] = 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12–0.67); the likelihood was similar after adjustment for sociodemographic, migration, and acculturation factors (adjusted OR = 0.33; 95% CI, 0.12–0.90). Having health insurance (adjusted OR = 4.17; 95% CI, 1.80–9.65) and a regular source of health care (adjusted OR = 2.83; 95% CI, 1.05–7.65) were significant predictors of receiving a mammogram but not a Papanicolaou test. Conclusion Public health programs are needed to improve access to cervical and breast cancer screenings for Latina migrant women in general and undocumented circular migrants in particular. PMID:27513995

Migration processes and self-rated health among marriage migrants in South Korea.

PubMed

Chang, Hsin-Chieh; Wallace, Steven P

2016-01-01

Research on migrant health mostly examines labor migrants, with some attention paid to the trauma faced by refugees. Marriage migrants represent an understudied vulnerable population in the migration and health literature. Drawing on a Social Determinants of Health (SDH) approach, we use a large Korean national survey and stratified multivariate regressions to examine the link between migration processes and the self-rated health of Korea's three largest ethnic groups of marriage migrants: Korean-Chinese, Vietnamese, and Han Chinese. We find that post-migration socioeconomic status and several social integration factors are associated with the health of marriage migrants of all three groups. Specifically, having more social relationships with Koreans is associated with good health among marriage migrants, while having more social relationships with co-ethnics is associated with worse health. Marriage migrants' perceived social status of their natal and marital families is a better predictor of their health than more objective measures such as their education attainment and that of their Korean husbands. The post-migration social gradients among all ethnic groups demonstrate a dose-response effect of marital family's social standing on marriage migrants' health, independent of their own education and the social standing of their natal families. Lastly, we find some ethnicity-specific predictors such as the association between higher educational level and worse health status among the Vietnamese. This variability by group suggests a more complex set of SDH occurred during the marriage migration processes than a basic SDH framework would predict. Using a new immigrant destination, South Korea, as an example, we conclude that migration and health policies that reduce ethnicity-specific barriers and offer integration programs in early post-migration stages may offer a pathway to good health among marriage migrants.

Cervical and Breast Cancer Screening Among Mexican Migrant Women, 2013.

PubMed

Guerrero, Natalie; Zhang, Xiao; Rangel, Gudelia; Gonzalez-Fagoaga, J Eduardo; Martinez-Donate, Ana

2016-08-11

Information on cervical and breast cancer screening among Latinas in the United States is limited. Even less information is available on screening practices of migrant women who engage in circular migration. We examined rates of cervical and breast cancer screening and the extent to which sociodemographics and other characteristics explain screening practices of Mexican migrant women who return to Mexico from the United States. We used data from a cross-sectional probability survey of Mexico-born migrant women who returned, through Tijuana, to Mexico from the United States in 2013. The sample consisted of women who returned involuntarily (via deportation) or voluntarily; 177 reported authorized documentation status, and 36 reported unauthorized documentation status in the previous 12 months. Descriptive statistics were calculated and logistic regressions were estimated. Of 36 undocumented migrant women, 8 (22.2%) had a Papanicolaou test and 11 (30.6%) had a mammogram in the previous year; of 177 documented migrants, 83 (46.9%) had a Papanicolaou test and 68 (38.4%) had a mammogram. Undocumented migrants were less likely than documented migrants to receive a Papanicolaou test (odds ratio [OR] = 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12-0.67); the likelihood was similar after adjustment for sociodemographic, migration, and acculturation factors (adjusted OR = 0.33; 95% CI, 0.12-0.90). Having health insurance (adjusted OR = 4.17; 95% CI, 1.80-9.65) and a regular source of health care (adjusted OR = 2.83; 95% CI, 1.05-7.65) were significant predictors of receiving a mammogram but not a Papanicolaou test. Public health programs are needed to improve access to cervical and breast cancer screenings for Latina migrant women in general and undocumented circular migrants in particular.

HIV risks among two types of male migrants in Shanghai, China: money boys vs. general male migrants.

PubMed

He, Na; Wong, Frank Y; Huang, Z Jennifer; Ding, Yingying; Fu, Chaowei; Smith, Brian D; Young, Darwin; Jiang, Qingwu

2007-12-01

To examine HIV/AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours among 'money boys' and general male migrants in Shanghai, China. A quantitative cross-sectional design with self-administered paper-and-pencil instruments was used. A total of 239 money boys were enrolled using community popular opinion leader and respondent-driven sampling methods, and 100 general male migrants were enrolled through venue-based sampling. Compared to general male migrants, money boys were significantly younger, better educated, more likely to be single, earned a higher income, suffered greater stress, and were less satisfied with life in Shanghai. Both groups had substantial misconceptions about HIV/AIDS, although general male migrants were less well informed. Furthermore, both groups reported low rates of condom use, regardless of who their sexual partners were. Money boys were more likely to use alcohol, had more sexual partners and more casual sex partners, and were more likely to engage in other sexual risks. Moreover, they were likely to be the victims of sexual violence at the hands of their clients. More than half of the money boys had been tested for HIV and 3% self-reported to be HIV-positive, whereas only 1% of the general male migrants had ever been tested and all self-reported to be HIV-negative. Infection with other sexually transmitted diseases was also reported by money boys. This study suggests an urgent need to implement HIV/AIDS prevention and intervention programs targeting male migrants, especially money boys and their clients. Some recommendations for conducting interventions among the male migrant population in China are suggested.

Placing Photovoice: Participatory Action Research with Undocumented Migrant Youth in the Hudson Valley

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Del Vecchio, Deanna; Toomey, Nisha; Tuck, Eve

2017-01-01

This article describes a research study that aims to better understand the life-worlds of undocumented migrant youth in the Hudson Valley region of New York State. The program design combines critical place inquiry with Youth Participatory Action Research (yPAR) and photovoice to understand how experiences of setting and place shape how youth who…

Making a Difference: A Framework for Supporting First and Second Language Development in Preschool Children of Migrant Farm Workers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stechuk, Robert A.; Burns, M. Susan

2005-01-01

This document was written to support the work of Migrant and Seasonal Head Start (MSHS) programs. The message provided is straightforward: we can meet the challenge of supporting first and second language development in preschool children. This paper is organized around four questions: (1) Can we facilitate children's acquisition of English…

Unschooled Migrant Youth: Characteristics and Strategies To Serve Them. ERIC Digest.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morse, Susan C.

This digest explores the phenomenon of unschooled migrant youth in U.S. communities and schools and describes the responses of schools and programs to their needs. Older youth (aged 12-21) who enter the U.S. school system with little prior educational experience often are non-English-speaking immigrants who are illiterate in their own language. As…

A Randomized Controlled Study of a Group Intervention Program to Enhance Mental Health of Children of Illegal Migrant Workers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meir, Yael; Slone, Michelle; Levis, Mira

2014-01-01

Background: The social-ecological environment of undocumented children of migrant workers includes varying levels of risk factors. Growing up in these conditions compromises children's development on all levels. Many of these children are in need of psychotherapy, however, due to limited resources, only a few of them receive mental health aid.…

Wisconsin Title I Migrant Education. Section 143 Project: Development of an Item Bank. Summary Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Frank N.; And Others

The successful Wisconsin Title 1 project item bank offers a valid, flexible, and efficient means of providing migrant student tests in reading and mathematics tailored to instructor curricula. The item bank system consists of nine PASCAL computer programs which maintain, search, and select from approximately 1,000 test items stored on floppy disks…

Effects of a 12 week self-managed stretching program among Korean-Chinese female migrant workers in Korea: a randomized trial.

PubMed

Lee, Hyeonkyeong; Chae, Duckhee; Wilbur, JoEllen; Miller, Arlene; Lee, Kyongeun; Jin, Hwaeun

2014-04-01

The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of a 12 week, self-managed, community-based stretching program on musculoskeletal fitness, musculoskeletal symptoms, and acculturative stress, in Korean-Chinese female migrant workers in Korea. This was a randomized controlled trial with random assignment of eligible full-time Korean-Chinese female migrant workers to a stretching exercise intervention (n=40) or an enhanced stretching exercise intervention (n=40) condition. Both conditions received a 6 min stretching exercise program that included an orientation and three work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) educational classes. Between educational classes, the enhanced stretching exercise condition also received mobile phone text messaging and telephone counseling to increase self-efficacy (confidence in overcoming barriers) and provide social support. Flexibility, muscle strength, musculoskeletal symptoms, and acculturative stress were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks. Significant increase in flexibility was noted for both conditions, but acculturative stress was significantly reduced only in the standard intervention condition. Muscle strength and WMSD symptoms had no significant changes at the 12 week follow up in both conditions. The 12 week, self-managed, community-based, stretching exercise program was effective to increase flexibility. The standard stretching intervention without any enhancements may be a more cost-effective way to increase flexibility. Longitudinal studies, however, are needed to see if the long-term effects are greater in the enhanced intervention for the migrant worker population. © 2013 The Authors. Japan Journal of Nursing Science © 2013 Japan Academy of Nursing Science.

Unique agricultural safety and health issues of migrant and immigrant children.

PubMed

McLaurin, Jennie A; Liebman, Amy K

2012-01-01

Immigrant and migrant youth who live and work in agricultural settings experience unique agricultural safety and health issues. Mobility, poverty, cultural differences, immigration status, language, education, housing, food security, regulatory standards and enforcement, and access to childcare and health care influence exposure risk and the well-being of this population. Approximately 10% of the migrant agricultural labor force is composed of unaccompanied minors, whose safety and health is further compounded by lack of social supports and additional stresses associated with economic independence. This paper examines the current demographic and health data, regulatory protections, and programs and practices addressing safety and health in this sector of youth in agriculture. Gaps in knowledge and practice are identified, with emphasis on data collection and regulatory limitations. Best practices in programs addressing the special needs of this population are highlighted. Recommendations identify seven priority areas for impact to promote transformative change in the agricultural health and safety concerns of unaccompanied minors and children of immigrant, migrant and seasonal farmworkers. This framework may be used to examine similar needs in other identified subpopulations of children as they merit attention, whether now or in the future.

A Cross-Site Intervention in Chinese Rural Migrants Enhances HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior

PubMed Central

Li, Ning; Li, Xiaomei; Wang, Xueliang; Shao, Jin; Dou, Juanhua

2014-01-01

Background: With the influx of rural migrants into urban areas, the spread of HIV has increased significantly in Shaanxi Province (China). Migrant workers are at high risk of HIV infection due to social conditions and hardships (isolation, separation, marginalization, barriers to services, etc.). Objective: We explored the efficacy of a HIV/AIDS prevention and control program for rural migrants in Shaanxi Province, administered at both rural and urban sites. Methods: Guidance concerning HIV/AIDS prevention was given to the experimental group (266 migrants) for 1 year by the center of disease control, community health agencies and family planning department. The intervention was conducted according to the HIV/AIDS Prevention Management Manual for Rural Migrants. A control group of migrants only received general population intervention. The impact of the intervention was evaluated by administering HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and sexual behavior (KAB) questionnaires after 6 and 12 months. Results: In the experimental group; 6 months of intervention achieved improvements in HIV/AIDS related knowledge. After 12 months; HIV/AIDS-related knowledge reached near maximal scores. Attitude and most behaviors scores were significantly improved. Moreover; the experimental group showed significant differences in HIV-AIDS knowledge; attitude and most behavior compared with the control group. Conclusions: The systematic long-term cross-site HIV/AIDS prevention in both rural and urban areas is a highly effective method to improve HIV/AIDS KAB among rural migrants. PMID:24762671

Healthcare use for communicable diseases among migrant workers in comparison with Thai workers.

PubMed

Rakprasit, Jutarat; Nakamura, Keiko; Seino, Kaoruko; Morita, Ayako

2017-02-07

This study examines healthcare use in 2011 for communicable diseases among migrant workers compared with Thai workers in Thailand. The relative risks (RRs) of 14 communicable diseases (803,817 cases between ages 18 and 59) were calculated using the National Epidemiological Surveillance System, a nationwide hospital database. Regarding the migrant workers, 71.0% were Burmese and 17.3% were Cambodians. Significantly high comparative RRs for migrant workers were found for tuberculosis (TB) (male, RR=1.41; female, RR=2.33), sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (male, RR=2.39; female, RR=1.64), and malaria (male, RR=8.31; female, RR=11.45). Significantly low comparative RRs for migrant workers were found for diarrhea (male, RR=0.39; female, RR=0.28), food poisoning (male, RR=0.33; female, RR=0.24), dengue (male, RR=0.82; female, RR=0.68), and others. By occupation, RRs for TB and STIs were high among laborers but low among farmers. RRs for malaria among farmers (male, RR=18.26, female, RR=25.49) was higher than among laborers (male, RR=10.04; female, RR=13.93). The study indicated a higher risk of TB, STIs, and malaria for migrant workers, but a lower risk of diarrhea, food poisoning, dengue, and others. Although general health support program for migrants have promoted maternal and child health, prevention of communicable diseases should be further strengthened to meet the needs of migrants.

Migratory behavior of Chinook salmon microjacks reared in artificial and natural environments

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hayes, Michael C.; Rubin, Steve P.; Reisenbichler, Reginald R.; Wetzel, Lisa A.

2015-01-01

Emigration was evaluated for hatchery Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) microjacks (age-1 mature males) and immature parr (age-1 juveniles, both sexes) released from both a hatchery and a natural stream (fish released as fry). In the hatchery, volitional releases (∼14 to 15 months post-fertilization) to an adjacent river occurred during October–November. The hatchery release was monitored by using an experimental volitional release that diverted fish to a neighboring raceway. Fish captured during the experimental release (range 361–4,321 volitional migrants) were made up of microjacks and immature parr. Microjacks were found only in the migrant samples, averaged 18% (range 0–52%) of all migrants, and were rarely found in non-migrant samples. In comparison, immature parr were common in both the migrant and non-migrant samples. Microjacks were significantly longer (9%), heavier (36%), and had a greater condition factor (16%) than migrant immature parr (P<0.01). In addition, they differed significantly (P<0.01) from non-migrant immature parr; 10% longer, 44% heavier and 14% greater condition factor. In natural streams, microjacks were captured significantly earlier (P<0.01) than immature parr during the late-summer/fall migration and comprised 9–89% of all fish captured. Microjacks have the potential to contribute to natural spawning populations but can also represent a loss of productivity to hatchery programs or create negative effects by introducing non-native genes to wild populations and should be monitored by fishery managers.

Sexual and Reproductive Health among Unmarried Rural-Urban Female Migrants in Shanghai China: A Comparative Analysis

PubMed Central

Wang, Ying; Yao, Wen; Shang,  Meili; Cai, Yong; Shi, Rong; Ma, Jin; Wang, Jin; Song, Huijiang

2013-01-01

We compared sexual and reproductive health (SRH)-related knowledge, attitude and behavior among unmarried rural-urban female migrants in Shanghai coming from different regions of China. A total of 944 unmarried rural-urban female migrants were recruited from three districts of Shanghai. We used an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire to collect information from each participant and a multivariate logistic regression to examine the association between premarital sex and risk factors. We found the rates of premarital sex, pregnancy and abortion among unmarried rural-urban female migrants were 28.2%, 5.2% and 5.0%, respectively. Participants from the east of China were more likely to engage in premarital sex than those from the mid-west (p < 0.001). The analysis showed premarital sex was associated with age, hometown, education, current residential type, knowledge of sexual physiology and safe sex, attitude to SRH and safe sex, and permissive attitude to sex. Unmarried rural-urban female migrants lack SRH related knowledge and the data suggests high levels of occurrence of premarital sex. The results indicate that programs to promote safe sex, especially to those migrants coming from eastern China, should be a priority. PMID:23939391

Migrant remittances and the web of family obligations: Ongoing support among spatially extended kin in Northeast Thailand, 1984–94

PubMed Central

Rindfuss, Ronald R.; Piotrowski, Martin; Entwisle, Barbara; Edmeades, Jeffery; Faust, Katherine

2013-01-01

Exchanges of money, goods, and assistance among family/kin members are influenced by the intertwined lives of individuals and their family/kin. As people pass through the young adulthood years, acquiring obligations as spouses and parents, and migrating in search of economic opportunities, tensions can arise over existing obligations. Using rich longitudinal data from Northeast Thailand, we examined the role of family networks (origin and destination) on migrants’ exchanges with family/kin. Our approach overcame many shortcomings of earlier studies, allowing us to 'see' the family social network arrayed in a broader network. We show that intra-family exchanges are influenced by marital status, the presence of children, having parents in the origin household, and having siblings depart from it. The results are stable across sensitivity tests that systematically include or exclude various familial links. And reports provided by origin households on migrant remittances are consistent with reports from migrants themselves. PMID:22272774

Tuberculosis in migrants in low-incidence countries: epidemiology and intervention entry points.

PubMed

Lönnroth, K; Mor, Z; Erkens, C; Bruchfeld, J; Nathavitharana, R R; van der Werf, M J; Lange, C

2017-06-01

As tuberculosis (TB) rates continue to decline in native populations in most low TB incidence countries, the proportion of TB patients born outside their country of residence ('foreign-born') increases. Some low-incidence countries have experienced a substantial increase in TB rates related to recent increases in the number of asylum seekers and other migrants from TB-endemic countries. However, average TB rates among the foreign-born in low-incidence countries declined moderately in 2009-2015. TB in foreign-born individuals is commonly the result of reactivation of latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis acquired outside the host country. Transmission is generally low in low-incidence countries, and transmission from migrants to the native population is often modest. Variations in levels and trends in TB notifications among the foreign-born are likely explained by differences and fluctuations in the number and profile of migrants, as well as by variations in TB control, health and social policies in the host countries. To optimise TB care and prevention in migrants from endemic to low-incidence countries, we propose a framework for identifying possible TB care and prevention interventions before, during and after migration. Universal access to high-quality care along the entire migration pathway is critical. Screening for active TB and latent tuberculous infection should be tailored to the TB epidemiology, adapted to the needs of specific migrant groups and linked to treatment. Ultimately, the long-term TB elimination goal can be reached only if global health and socio-economic inequalities are dramatically reduced. Low-incidence countries, most of which are among the wealthiest nations, need to contribute through international assistance.

75 FR 73050 - Office of Elementary and Secondary Education Overview Information; College Assistance Migrant...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-29

... priority is an invitational priority for applications that promote science, technology, engineering, and... Priority 1--Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Education: Projects that are designed... prepared for postsecondary or graduate study and careers in STEM, with a specific focus on an increase in...

Can Mentoring Assist in the School-to-Work Transition?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lang, Martin

2010-01-01

Purpose: Due to recent bottlenecks in the apprenticeship market the transition from general schooling into the German employment system has become more and more problematic for many pupils over the past years. In particular, young persons with migrant backgrounds, low academic achievement or missing school graduations need special help from…

Elderly Care and Intrafamily Resource Allocation when Children Migrate

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Antman, Francisca M.

2012-01-01

This paper considers the intrafamily allocation of elderly care in the context of international migration where migrant children may be able to provide financial assistance to their parents but are unable to offer physical care. To investigate sibling interaction, I estimate best response functions for individual physical and financial…

Deployment of Indonesian migrants in the Middle East: present situation and prospects.

PubMed

Cremer, G

1988-12-01

"This paper examines the Indonesian overseas employment program. It is limited to overseas deployment through the official channels, i.e. organised by licensed labour suppliers and approved by government authorities. The main destination of this official labour migration is the Middle East. Indonesian officials have indicated that the government aims to increase overseas employment and to shift deployment from houseworkers to better skilled workers. It is argued in the paper that, in view of a shrinking labour market for migrants, even limited realisation of these hopes would depend upon some distinct changes in the overseas employment program." excerpt

The need for trust and safety inducing encounters: a qualitative exploration of women's experiences of seeking perinatal care when living as undocumented migrants in Sweden.

PubMed

Barkensjö, My; Greenbrook, Josephine T V; Rosenlundh, Josefine; Ascher, Henry; Elden, Helen

2018-06-07

Studies from around the world have shown that women living as undocumented migrants have limited and deficient access to perinatal care, increasing their risks of both physical and psychological complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Failures to provide equal access to healthcare have been criticized extensively by the United Nations. In 2013, undocumented migrants' rights to healthcare in Sweden were expanded to include full access to perinatal care. Research surrounding clinical encounters involving women living as undocumented migrants remains largely lacking. The present study aimed to provide a composite description of women's experiences of clinical encounters throughout pregnancy and childbirth, when living as undocumented migrants in Sweden. Taking an inductive approach, qualitative content analysis was implemented. Thirteen women from ten different countries were interviewed. Meaning-units were extracted from the data collected in order to identify emergent overarching themes. In clinical encounters where healthcare professionals displayed empathic concern and listening behaviours, women felt empowered, acknowledged, and encouraged, leading them to trust clinicians, diminishing fears relating to seeking healthcare services. Conversely, when neglectful behaviour on part of healthcare professionals was perceived in encounters, anxiousness and fear intensified. Vulnerability and distress induced by the women's uncertain living circumstances were apparent across themes, and appeared exacerbated by traumatic memories, difficulties in coping with motherhood, and fears of deportation. The present study contributes unique and important knowledge surrounding women's experience of being pregnant and giving birth when living as undocumented migrants. The overarching findings indicated that the needs of undocumented migrant women were largely similar to those of all expectant mothers, but that due to vulnerabilities relating to their circumstances, flexible and informed care provision is essential. Being knowledgeable on undocumented migrants' rights to healthcare is vital, as clinical encounters appeared highly consequential to the women's well-being and help-seeking behaviours. Negative encounters inflicted emotional distress and fear. Contrastingly, positive encounters promoted trust in clinicians, personal empowerment, and relief. Positive clinical encounters could provide rare opportunities to assist an otherwise elusive population at increased risk for both physical and psychological complications, highlighting the crucial need for adherence to ethical principles in clinical practice.

Analysis of hepatitis B vaccination behavior and vaccination willingness among migrant workers from rural China based on protection motivation theory

PubMed Central

Liu, Rugang; Li, Youwei; Wangen, Knut R.; Maitland, Elizabeth; Nicholas, Stephen; Wang, Jian

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Introduction: With China's accelerating urbanization, migrant workers comprise up to 40% of the urban population of China's largest cities. More mobile than non-migrant urban dwellers, migrants are more likely to contract and spread hepatitis B (HB) than non-migrants. Due to the mandatory system of household registration (hukou), migrants are less likely to be covered by national HB immunization programs and also to have more limited access to public health services where they work than non-migrants. Migrants form a significant sub-group in all Chinese cities posing unique public policy vaccination challenges. Objective: Using protection motivation theory (PMT), we developed and measured HB cognitive variables and analyze the factors affecting HB vaccination behavior and willingness to vaccinate by migrant workers. We propose public policy interventions to increase HB vaccination rates of migrant workers. Methods: We developed a questionnaire to collect information on the HB vaccination characteristics of 1684 respondents from 6 provinces and Beijing. Exploratory factor analysis was used to create PMT variables and a binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting migrant workers' HB vaccination behavior and willingness to vaccinate. Results: Vulnerability and response-efficacy were significant PMT cognition factors determining HB vaccination behavior. The HB vaccination rate for migrants decreased with increasing age and was smaller for the primary education than the high education group. The vaccination rate of the medical insurance group was significantly greater than the non-insured group, and the vaccination probability was significantly higher for the self-rated good health compared to the self-rated poor health group. Geographical birth location mattered: the vaccination rate for Beijing city and Ningxia province migrants were higher than for Hebei province and the vaccination rate was lower for migrants born far from health facilities compared to those located middle-near distances from health facilities. We also studied vaccination willingness for the unvaccinated group. For this group, vulnerability and self-efficacy cognition factors were significant factors determining HB vaccination willingness. The probability of willingness to vaccinate for the 46+ age group was significantly smaller than the 16–25 age group and the willingness to vaccinate was lower in Jiangsu and Hainan province than in Hebei province. Conclusion: Increased knowledge of HB cognition is an effective way for improving HB vaccination behavior and HB vaccination willingness of migrant workers. We also found that health intervention policies should focus on older migrants (age 46+), without medical insurance, with poorer self-reported health status and poor health services accessibility. PMID:27078191

Analysis of hepatitis B vaccination behavior and vaccination willingness among migrant workers from rural China based on protection motivation theory.

PubMed

Liu, Rugang; Li, Youwei; Wangen, Knut R; Maitland, Elizabeth; Nicholas, Stephen; Wang, Jian

2016-05-03

With China's accelerating urbanization, migrant workers comprise up to 40% of the urban population of China's largest cities. More mobile than non-migrant urban dwellers, migrants are more likely to contract and spread hepatitis B (HB) than non-migrants. Due to the mandatory system of household registration (hukou), migrants are less likely to be covered by national HB immunization programs and also to have more limited access to public health services where they work than non-migrants. Migrants form a significant sub-group in all Chinese cities posing unique public policy vaccination challenges. Using protection motivation theory (PMT), we developed and measured HB cognitive variables and analyze the factors affecting HB vaccination behavior and willingness to vaccinate by migrant workers. We propose public policy interventions to increase HB vaccination rates of migrant workers. We developed a questionnaire to collect information on the HB vaccination characteristics of 1684 respondents from 6 provinces and Beijing. Exploratory factor analysis was used to create PMT variables and a binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting migrant workers' HB vaccination behavior and willingness to vaccinate. Vulnerability and response-efficacy were significant PMT cognition factors determining HB vaccination behavior. The HB vaccination rate for migrants decreased with increasing age and was smaller for the primary education than the high education group. The vaccination rate of the medical insurance group was significantly greater than the non-insured group, and the vaccination probability was significantly higher for the self-rated good health compared to the self-rated poor health group. Geographical birth location mattered: the vaccination rate for Beijing city and Ningxia province migrants were higher than for Hebei province and the vaccination rate was lower for migrants born far from health facilities compared to those located middle-near distances from health facilities. We also studied vaccination willingness for the unvaccinated group. For this group, vulnerability and self-efficacy cognition factors were significant factors determining HB vaccination willingness. The probability of willingness to vaccinate for the 46+ age group was significantly smaller than the 16-25 age group and the willingness to vaccinate was lower in Jiangsu and Hainan province than in Hebei province. Increased knowledge of HB cognition is an effective way for improving HB vaccination behavior and HB vaccination willingness of migrant workers. We also found that health intervention policies should focus on older migrants (age 46+), without medical insurance, with poorer self-reported health status and poor health services accessibility.

Access to healthcare for the most vulnerable migrants: a humanitarian crisis.

PubMed

Pottie, Kevin; Martin, Jorge Pedro; Cornish, Stephen; Biorklund, Linn Maria; Gayton, Ivan; Doerner, Frank; Schneider, Fabien

2015-01-01

A series of Médecins Sans Frontières projects for irregular migrants over the past decade have consistently documented high rates of 14 physical and sexual trauma, extortion and mental illness amidst severe healthcare, food, and housing limitations. Complex interventions were needed to begin to address illness and barriers to healthcare and to help restore dignity to the most vulnerable women, children and men. Promising interventions included mobile clinics, use of cultural mediators, coordination with migrant-friendly entities and NGOs and integrating advocacy programs and mental health care with medical services. Ongoing interventions, research and coordination are needed to address this neglected humanitarian crisis.

Negotiating respectability: migrant women workers' perceptions of relationships and sexuality in free trade zones in Sri Lanka.

PubMed

Jordal, Malin; Wijewardena, Kumudu; Ohman, Ann; Essén, Birgitta; Olsson, Pia

2014-01-01

Migration has implications for women's sexual and reproductive health and rights. Our purpose with this study was to explore unmarried migrant women's perceptions of relationships and sexuality in the context of Sri Lankan Free Trade Zones. Sixteen semi-structured qualitative interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. We found that the women's perceptions were influenced by gendered hegemonic notions of respectability and virginity. Complex gender relations both worked in favor of and against women's sexual and reproductive health and rights. Programs for improvement of migrant women's health should be informed by contextualized analysis of gender relations with its various dimensions and levels.

The construction of ethnic differences in work incapacity risks: Analysing ordering practices of physicians in the Netherlands.

PubMed

Meershoek, Agnes; Krumeich, Anja; Vos, Rein

2011-01-01

Drawing from Science and Technology Studies we investigate the consequences for social differentiation of physicians' practices in Dutch illness certification. Using participant observation methods, we followed six 'Arbodienst' physicians for two weeks each. Our analysis explores whether and how the work of Dutch physicians contributes to the appearance of a category of 'problematic migrant patients'. We present how physicians, in using instruments to distinguish plausible from implausible claims for sick leave, impose order upon reality. In particular situations this ordering involves a distinction between Dutch and migrant clients. Here ethnicity appears in physicians' practice as a separate instrument to constitute order, which in the case of migrants overrules the productive instruments that are used for 'Dutch' clients. By interpreting clients' behaviour in cultural terms and making them into strangers, physicians lose their ability to fine-tune their coaching activities to the needs of these clients. As a result migrants remain work incapacitated for a longer period, which leads to a higher risk of their ending up in the disability pension program. As a consequence migrants become visible as a problematic group in the data on work incapacity and disability. The practice to categorise migrant clients with separate instruments thus results in a 'hard' category of problematic migrant clients and leads to social differentiation. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A HANDBOOK FOR TEACHERS OF MIGRANT CHILDREN IN WYOMING, 1967.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

BENITENDI, WILMA LEE; AND OTHERS

A SURVEY MADE DURING THE SUMMER OF 1967 SHOWED THAT ALMOST ONE THOUSAND SCHOOL-AGE MIGRANT CHILDREN WERE IN THE STATE OF WYOMING FOR 6 TO 8 WEEKS DURING THE SUGAR BEET SEASON. THIS HANDBOOK, PREPARED FOR THE USE OF THOSE TEACHERS AND ADMINISTRATORS WHO WORK IN SUMMER SCHOOL PROGRAMS, IS DIVIDED INTO FIVE CHAPTERS. CHAPTERS 1 AND 2 DEAL WITH THE…

Early Head Start Program Strategies: Responding to the Mental Health Needs of Infants, Toddlers and Families.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zero to Three: National Center for Infants, Toddlers and Families, Washington, DC.

Each year, Early Head Start (EHS) and migrant and seasonal Head Start grantees are invited to share their experiences in providing high-quality services for expectant parents and families with infants and toddlers. This report highlights how 10 Early Head Start and Migrant and Seasonal Head Start grantees respond to mental health needs of infants,…

How do economic crises affect migrants' risk of infectious disease? A systematic-narrative review.

PubMed

Kentikelenis, Alexander; Karanikolos, Marina; Williams, Gemma; Mladovsky, Philipa; King, Lawrence; Pharris, Anastasia; Suk, Jonathan E; Hatzakis, Angelos; McKee, Martin; Noori, Teymur; Stuckler, David

2015-12-01

It is not well understood how economic crises affect infectious disease incidence and prevalence, particularly among vulnerable groups. Using a susceptible-infected-recovered framework, we systematically reviewed literature on the impact of the economic crises on infectious disease risks in migrants in Europe, focusing principally on HIV, TB, hepatitis and other STIs. We conducted two searches in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, websites of key organizations and grey literature to identify how economic changes affect migrant populations and infectious disease. We perform a narrative synthesis in order to map critical pathways and identify hypotheses for subsequent research. The systematic review on links between economic crises and migrant health identified 653 studies through database searching; only seven met the inclusion criteria. Fourteen items were identified through further searches. The systematic review on links between economic crises and infectious disease identified 480 studies through database searching; 19 met the inclusion criteria. Eight items were identified through further searches. The reviews show that migrant populations in Europe appear disproportionately at risk of specific infectious diseases, and that economic crises and subsequent responses have tended to exacerbate such risks. Recessions lead to unemployment, impoverishment and other risk factors that can be linked to the transmissibility of disease among migrants. Austerity measures that lead to cuts in prevention and treatment programmes further exacerbate infectious disease risks among migrants. Non-governmental health service providers occasionally stepped in to cater to specific populations that include migrants. There is evidence that migrants are especially vulnerable to infectious disease during economic crises. Ring-fenced funding of prevention programs, including screening and treatment, is important for addressing this vulnerability. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association.

[Anxiety-depressive disorders in elderly migrants of the far north in the period of re-adaptation to new climatic conditions].

PubMed

Iaskevich, R A; Khamnagadaev, I I; Dereviannykh, E V; Polikarpov, L S; Gogolashvili, N G; Taptygina, E V

2014-01-01

The article presents the results of studies of the anxious and depressed characteristics in elderly migrants of the Far North with arterial hypertension in the period of their stay in new climatic conditions with regard to their North experience, gender, age and timing of rehabilitation. There was a high frequency of disturbing-depressive symptomatology of the surveyed migrants in the Far North, the frequency and severity of which increases with age; women migrants of Far North are prone to depression 1,8 times, anxiety--3,2 times more often than men. With the increase of the period of stay in the new climate and geographical conditions, the severity and frequency of occurrence of anxiety and depression increase. The obtained results should be taken into account when building rehabilitation program and forecasting its effectiveness, while conducting psychotherapy and psychological prevention in this group of patients.

Adherence to Tuberculosis Treatment among Migrant Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Shandong, China: A Quantitative Survey Study

PubMed Central

Zhou, Chengchao; Chu, Jie; Liu, Jinan; Gai Tobe, Ruoyan; Gen, Hong; Wang, Xingzhou; Zheng, Wengui; Xu, Lingzhong

2012-01-01

Adherence to TB treatment is the most important requirement for efficient TB control. Migrant TB patients’ “migratory” nature affects the adherence negatively, which presents an important barrier for National TB Control Program in China. Therefore, TB control among migrants is of high importance.The aim of this study is to describe adherence to TB treatment among migrant TB patients and to identify factors associated with adherence. A total of 12 counties/districts of Shandong Province, China were selected as study sites. 314 confirmed smear positive TB patients were enrolled between August 2nd 2008 and October 17th 2008, 16% of whom were non-adherent to TB therapy. Risk factors for non-adherence were: the divorced or bereft of spouse, patients not receiving TB-related health education before chemotherapy, weak incentives for treatment adherence, and self supervision on treatment. Based on the risk factors identified, measures are recommended such as implementing health education for all migrant patients before chemotherapy and encouraging primary care workers to supervise patients. PMID:23284993

The basic principles of migration health: Population mobility and gaps in disease prevalence

PubMed Central

Gushulak, Brian D; MacPherson, Douglas W

2006-01-01

Currently, migrants and other mobile individuals, such as migrant workers and asylum seekers, are an expanding global population of growing social, demographic and political importance. Disparities often exist between a migrant population's place of origin and its destination, particularly with relation to health determinants. The effects of those disparities can be observed at both individual and population levels. Migration across health and disease disparities influences the epidemiology of certain diseases globally and in nations receiving migrants. While specific disease-based outcomes may vary between migrant group and location, general epidemiological principles may be applied to any situation where numbers of individuals move between differences in disease prevalence. Traditionally, migration health activities have been designed for national application and lack an integrated international perspective. Present and future health challenges related to migration may be more effectively addressed through collaborative global undertakings. This paper reviews the epidemiological relationships resulting from health disparities bridged by migration and describes the growing role of migration and population mobility in global disease epidemiology. The implications for national and international health policy and program planning are presented. PMID:16674820

Exploring the Context and Implementation of Public Health Regulations Governing Sex Work: A Qualitative Study with Migrant Sex Workers in Guatemala.

PubMed

Rocha-Jiménez, Teresita; Brouwer, Kimberly C; Silverman, Jay G; Morales-Miranda, Sonia; Goldenberg, Shira M

2017-10-01

Public health regulations practices surrounding sex work and their enforcement can have unintended consequences for HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention and care among sex workers. This analysis was based on qualitative in-depth (n = 33) and focus groups interviews (n = 20) conducted with migrant female sex workers in Tecún Umán and Quetzaltenango, Guatemala, and explored the implementation of sex work regulations and related consequences for HIV prevention and care among migrant sex workers. Sex work regulations were found to have health-related benefits (e.g., access to HIV/STI testing) as well as negative impacts, such as abuse by police and harassment, detention/deportation of migrant sex workers. Whereas public health regulations may improve access to HIV/STI testing, their implementation may inadvertently jeopardize sex workers' health through unintended negative consequences. Non-coercive, evidence-based public health and sex work policies and programs are needed to expand access to HIV/STI prevention and care among migrant sex workers, while protecting their dignity and human rights.

Preschool and Im/migrants in Five Countries: England, France, Germany, Italy and United States of America. Early Childhood and Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tobin, Joseph, Ed.

2016-01-01

A significant and growing percentage of the children enrolled in early childhood education and care (ECEC) programs in Europe and the United States are children of recent im/migrants. For most young (3-5 years old) children of parents who have come from other countries, ECEC settings are the first context in which they come face to face with…

Increasing Social Inclusion for the Children of Migrant Workers in Shanghai, China: A Four-Year Longitudinal Study of a Non-Governmental, Volunteer-Led, After-School Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leitch, Daniel; Yan, Ding; Song, Shanji

2016-01-01

In Shanghai, a mega-city of approximately 24.15 million people (Shanghai Municipal Statistics Bureau, 2015, "Art. 13"), the population of migrant workers continues to increase. According to the Shanghai Municipal Statistics Bureau (2015), as of 2015, 9.81 million residents did not have household registration papers. Of these, 70%, or…

20 CFR 633.305 - General benefits and working conditions for program participants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false General benefits and working conditions for program participants. 633.305 Section 633.305 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures...

20 CFR 633.321 - Performance standards for section 402 programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Performance standards for section 402 programs. 633.321 Section 633.321 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.321...

Arizona State Plan for the Education of Migratory Children Fiscal Year 1980.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maynes, J. O.

Documentation forwarded to the U. S. Office of Education describing the Arizona State Plan for the Education of Migrant Children for fiscal year (FY) 1980 and requesting financial assistance to provide supplemental educational and support services to children of migratory farmworkers and fishermen enrolled in local school districts is presented.…

Cross-Cultural Differences in Cognitive Performance and Spearman's Hypothesis: "g" or "c"?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Helms-Lorenz, Michelle; Fons, J. R. Van de Vijer; Poortinga, Ype H.

2003-01-01

Administered two intelligence batteries and a computer-assisted elementary cognitive test battery to 474 second-generation migrant and 747 majority-group students, aged 6 to 12 years, in the Netherlands. Findings suggest that performance differences between these groups are better predicted by a cultural complexity ("c") factor than by…

42 CFR 56.504 - Grant evaluation and award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... HEALTH SERVICES Grants for Planning and Developing Migrant Health Programs § 56.504 Grant evaluation and... services or reimbursement programs or projects. (b) The Secretary shall award no more than one grant under...

42 CFR 56.504 - Grant evaluation and award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... HEALTH SERVICES Grants for Planning and Developing Migrant Health Programs § 56.504 Grant evaluation and... services or reimbursement programs or projects. (b) The Secretary shall award no more than one grant under...

78 FR 40084 - Proposed Requirement-Migrant Education Program Consortium Incentive Grant Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-03

... techniques may include ``identifying changing future compliance costs that might result from technological innovation or anticipated behavioral changes.'' We are issuing this proposed requirement only on a reasoned...

The impact of migration on tuberculosis epidemiology and control in high-income countries: a review.

PubMed

Pareek, Manish; Greenaway, Christina; Noori, Teymur; Munoz, Jose; Zenner, Dominik

2016-03-23

Tuberculosis (TB) causes significant morbidity and mortality in high-income countries with foreign-born individuals bearing a disproportionate burden of the overall TB case burden in these countries. In this review of tuberculosis and migration we discuss the impact of migration on the epidemiology of TB in low burden countries, describe the various screening strategies to address this issue, review the yield and cost-effectiveness of these programs and describe the gaps in knowledge as well as possible future solutions.The reasons for the TB burden in the migrant population are likely to be the reactivation of remotely-acquired latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) following migration from low/intermediate-income high TB burden settings to high-income, low TB burden countries.TB control in high-income countries has historically focused on the early identification and treatment of active TB with accompanying contact-tracing. In the face of the TB case-load in migrant populations, however, there is ongoing discussion about how best to identify TB in migrant populations. In general, countries have generally focused on two methods: identification of active TB (either at/post-arrival or increasingly pre-arrival in countries of origin) and secondly, conditionally supported by WHO guidance, through identifying LTBI in migrants from high TB burden countries. Although health-economic analyses have shown that TB control in high income settings would benefit from providing targeted LTBI screening and treatment to certain migrants from high TB burden countries, implementation issues and barriers such as sub-optimal treatment completion will need to be addressed to ensure program efficacy.

Pesticides present in migrant farmworker housing in North Carolina.

PubMed

Arcury, Thomas A; Lu, Chensheng; Chen, Haiying; Quandt, Sara A

2014-03-01

Migrant farmworkers are exposed to pesticides at work. Housing provided to migrant farmworkers may also expose them to pesticides, increasing their health risks. This analysis (1) describes the presence of organophosphorous (OP) and pyrethroid pesticides in North Carolina migrant farmworker houses, and (2) delineates associations of farmworker camp characteristics with pesticide detection and concentration. In 2010, 186 migrant farmworkers camps in NC were recruited (participation rate of 82.3%); pesticide wipe samples for 176 houses were analyzed. Tobacco is the predominant hand-harvested crop in this region. Two farmworkers per camp completed interviews; a third assisted with a housing inspection. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to detect OP and pyrethroid pesticides. Covariates of pesticide detection and concentration were determined with ANOVA and Tobit regression. OPs were found in 166 of 176 houses (average of 2.4/house); pyrethroids were found in 171 houses (average of 4.3/house). The number of different OPs detected in each camp and concentrations of these OPs were not associated with camp and housing characteristics. The number of different pyrethroids detected in each camp and concentrations of these pyrethroids were associated with camps having residents with H2-A visas, a posted North Carolina Department of Labor Certificate of Inspection, no barracks, fewer residents, no bedroom weather protection or floor violations, and no roaches. Farmworkers are exposed to pesticides where they live. Policy on removing pesticides from farmworker houses is needed. Reducing pesticides in farmworker houses will reduce one health risk confronted by this vulnerable population. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Pesticides Present in Migrant Farmworker Housing in North Carolina

PubMed Central

Arcury, Thomas A.; Lu, Chensheng; Chen, Haiying; Quandt, Sara A.

2014-01-01

Background Migrant farmworkers are exposed to pesticides at work. Housing provided to migrant farmworkers may also expose them to pesticides, increasing their health risks. This analysis (1) describes the presence of organophosphorous (OP) and pyrethroid pesticides in North Carolina migrant farmworker houses, and (2) delineates associations of farmworker camp characteristics with pesticide detection and concentration. Methods In 2010, 186 migrant farmworkers camps in NC were recruited (participation rate of 82.3%); pesticide wipe samples for 176 houses were analyzed. Tobacco is the predominant hand-harvested crop in this region. Two farmworkers per camp completed interviews; a third assisted with a housing inspection. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to detect OP and pyrethroid pesticides. Covariates of pesticide detection and concentration were determined with ANOVA and Tobit regression. Results OPs were found in 166 of 176 houses (average of 2.4/house); pyrethroids were found in 171 houses (average of 4.3/house). The number of different OPs detected in each camp and concentrations of these OPs were not associated with camp and housing characteristics. The number of different pyrethroids detected in each camp and concentrations of these pyrethroids were associated with camps having residents with H2-A visas, a posted North Carolina Department of Labor Certificate of Inspection, no barracks, fewer residents, no bedroom weather protection or floor violations, and no roaches. Conclusions Farmworkers are exposed to pesticides where they live. Policy on removing pesticides from farmworker houses is needed. Reducing pesticides in farmworker houses will reduce one health risk confronted by this vulnerable population. PMID:24038176

Population Prevalence of Need for Spectacles and Spectacle Ownership Among Urban Migrant Children in Eastern China.

PubMed

Wang, Xiuqin; Yi, Hongmei; Lu, Lina; Zhang, Linxiu; Ma, Xiaochen; Jin, Ling; Zhang, Haiqing; Naidoo, Kovin S; Minto, Hasan; Zou, Haidong; Rozelle, Scott; Congdon, Nathan

2015-12-01

The number of urban migrants in China is 300 million and is increasing rapidly in response to government policies. Urban migrants have poor access to health care, but little is known about rates of correction of refractive error among migrant children. This is of particular significance in light of recent evidence demonstrating the educational impact of providing children with spectacles. To measure prevalence of spectacle need and ownership among Chinese migrant children. Population-based, cross-sectional study among children who failed vision testing (uncorrected visual acuity ≤6/12 in either eye) between September 15 and 30, 2013, at 94 randomly selected primary schools in predominantly migrant communities in Shanghai, Suzhou, and Wuxi, China. Refractive error by cycloplegic refraction; spectacle ownership, defined as producing glasses at school, having been told to bring them; and needing glasses, defined as uncorrected visual acuity of 6/12 or less correctable to greater than 6/12 in either eye, with myopia of -0.5 diopters (D) or less, hyperopia of +2.0 D or greater, or astigmatism of 0.75 D or greater in both eyes. Among 4409 children, 4376 (99.3%) completed vision screening (mean [SD] age, 11.0 [0.81] years; 55.3% boys; 4225 [96.5%] migrant and 151 [3.5%] local). Among 1204 children failing vision testing (total, 27.5%; 1147 migrant children [27.1%] vs 57 local children [37.7%]; P = .003), 850 (70.6%) completed refraction. Spectacle ownership in migrant children needing glasses (147 of 640 children [23.0%]) was less than among local children (12 of 34 children [35.3%]) (odds ratio = 0.55; 95% CI, 0.32-0.95; P = .03). Having uncorrected visual acuity less than 6/18 in both eyes was associated positively with baseline spectacle ownership (odds ratio = 5.73; 95% CI, 3.81-8.62; P < .001), but parental education and family wealth were not. Among urban migrant children, there was a high prevalence of need for spectacles and a very low rate of spectacle ownership. Spectacle distribution programs are needed specifically targeting migrant children.

A new era in Australian migration policy.

PubMed

Birrell, R

1984-01-01

The discussion traces the evolution of Australian migration policy since 1975, arguing that the primary factor shaping policy has been interparty competition for influence within Australia's ethnic communities. Since late 1975 when the Liberal/National Country Party (LibNCP) Conservative Government returned to power, Australian immigration policy has moved in different directions from the previous post World War II experience. The demographic implications have been profound. In 1975 the LibNCP government returned to office committed to restoring an active migration program. By 1980-81 it had largely succeeded in this numerical goal. Australia's migration growth rate at .82% of the total population exceeded almost all other Western society. What was new, in comparison to previous policy, was the migrant selection system and source countries. By the time the government lost office in March 1983, family reunion had become the major migration program souce and Asia was rapidly becoming the dominant place of migrant origin. This emphasis on family reunion was not intended by government immigration planners but was a product of domestic political change and resultant new influences over migration policy. As to the increasing Asian component, it has mainly been an unintended consequence of the expansion in the family reunion program. Although the liberalization of family reunion eligibility has largely been designed to appease the major Southern European ethnic communities, few applications have been forthcoming from these countries. Asian applicants have been numerous. Labor government policy since March 1983 has shown remarkable continuity with that of the LibNCP both in its selection system and in the size of the migrant intake. The motivation for the commitment to immigration derived first from longstanding traditions within the Australian business community that Australia's economic growth and dynamism depended on rapid population growth. More specifically there remained a group of businesses whose fortunes seemed directly tied up with population growth, including those in the housing industry and manufacturers dependent on tariff protected growth in Australia's home market. This group has constituted the most vocal business pressure goups behind migrant intakes throughout the late 1970s and early 1980s. At first the migrant intake was increased cautiously. The 1st major move toward expansion came with the introduction of the selection system in January 1979. This substantially liberalized entry for independent applicants by reducing the relative significance of scarce occupational skills and increasing that for other migrant qualities, including skill attainment, competence in English, and other qualities likely to favor the prospective migrant in his/her search for a job and in assimilating readily with Australian society.

4-H Youth Programs - Enhancing the Quality of Life.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pilat, Mary

Indiana 4-H Youth Programs are being used to enhance the quality of life for troubled adolescents in residential group homes and economically disadvantaged urban areas and to provide summer-school programs for children of migrant farm workers. Four basic types of program delivery modes exist in Indiana: clubs, junior leader program activities,…

Telling Stories and Making Books: Evidence for an Intervention to Help Parents in Migrant Head Start Families Support Their Children's Language and Literacy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyce, Lisa K.; Innocenti, Mark S.; Roggman, Lori A.; Norman, Vonda K. Jump; Ortiz, Eduardo

2010-01-01

Research Findings: In this study, 75 Spanish-speaking preschoolers (M age = 41.43 months, SD = 10.78 months; 30 girls) attending a Migrant Head Start program were randomly assigned to receive the Storytelling for the Home Enrichment of Language and Literacy Skills (SHELLS) in addition to their Head Start services (n = 32) or to continue to receive…

"In Hispanic Culture, the Children Are the Jewels of the Family": An Investigation of Home and Community Culture in a Bilingual Early Care and Education Center Serving Migrant and Seasonal Farm Worker Families

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilliard, Jennifer L.; Moore, Rita A.; Lemieux, Jeanette J.

2007-01-01

This article investigates how culture shapes instruction in a bilingual early care and education program serving migrant and seasonal farm worker families in rural Wyoming. Interviews with eight early childhood teachers as well as classroom observations were conducted. The investigation is framed around the following research question: How does…

Pick and Choose: A Videotape Series on Nutrition for Migrant Families (Coja y Escoja: Peliculas para Television Sobre la Nutricion para las Familias Migratorias).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1979

One of the major problems faced by migrant workers throughout the United States is a lack of awareness of the relationship between proper diet and an individual's general health and well being. To help solve this problem was the major objective of the series "Pick and Choose." The three 15-minute programs in the series present…

Homeland Security: Budget-in-Brief FY 2006

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-01-11

nearly 11,000 undocumented migrants attempting to enter the country illegally by sea. • USCG saved the lives of nearly 5,500 mariners in distress and...well as more than 1,368 arrests and 895 indictments for money laundering and other financial crimes. ICE agents also conducted more than 2,500...than merely across the border. This program improves control of the border and save lives by returning Mexican migrants into the interior of Mexico

Migration Processes and Self-Rated Health among Marriage Migrants in South Korea

PubMed Central

Wallace, Steven P.

2015-01-01

Background Research on migrant health mostly examines labor migrants, with some attention paid to the trauma faced by refugees. Marriage migrants represent an understudied vulnerable population in the migration and health literature. Objectives Drawing on a Social Determinants of Health (SDH) approach, we use a large Korean national survey and stratified multivariate regressions to examine the link between migration processes and the self-rated health of Korea’s three largest ethnic groups of marriage migrants: Korean-Chinese, Vietnamese, and Han Chinese. Results We find that post-migration socioeconomic status and several social integration factors are associated with the health of marriage migrants of all three groups. Specifically, having more social relationships with Koreans is associated with good health among marriage migrants, while having more social relationships with co-ethnics is associated with worse health. Marriage migrants’ perceived social status of their natal and marital families is a better predictor of their health than more objective measures such as their education attainment and that of their Korean husbands. The post-migration social gradients among all ethnic groups demonstrate a dose-response effect of marital family’s social standing on marriage migrants’ health, independent of their own education and the social standing of their natal families. Lastly, we find some ethnicity-specific predictors such as the association between higher educational level and worse health status among the Vietnamese. This variability by group suggests a more complex set of social determinants of health occurred during the marriage migration processes than a basic SDH framework would predict. Conclusion Using a new immigrant destination, South Korea, as an example, we conclude that, migration and health policies that reduce ethnicity-specific barriers and offer integration programs in early post-migration stages may offer a pathway to good health among marriage migrants. PMID:25559309

How do economic crises affect migrants’ risk of infectious disease? A systematic-narrative review

PubMed Central

Karanikolos, Marina; Williams, Gemma; Mladovsky, Philipa; King, Lawrence; Pharris, Anastasia; Suk, Jonathan E.; Hatzakis, Angelos; McKee, Martin; Noori, Teymur; Stuckler, David

2015-01-01

Background: It is not well understood how economic crises affect infectious disease incidence and prevalence, particularly among vulnerable groups. Using a susceptible-infected-recovered framework, we systematically reviewed literature on the impact of the economic crises on infectious disease risks in migrants in Europe, focusing principally on HIV, TB, hepatitis and other STIs. Methods: We conducted two searches in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, websites of key organizations and grey literature to identify how economic changes affect migrant populations and infectious disease. We perform a narrative synthesis in order to map critical pathways and identify hypotheses for subsequent research. Results: The systematic review on links between economic crises and migrant health identified 653 studies through database searching; only seven met the inclusion criteria. Fourteen items were identified through further searches. The systematic review on links between economic crises and infectious disease identified 480 studies through database searching; 19 met the inclusion criteria. Eight items were identified through further searches. The reviews show that migrant populations in Europe appear disproportionately at risk of specific infectious diseases, and that economic crises and subsequent responses have tended to exacerbate such risks. Recessions lead to unemployment, impoverishment and other risk factors that can be linked to the transmissibility of disease among migrants. Austerity measures that lead to cuts in prevention and treatment programmes further exacerbate infectious disease risks among migrants. Non-governmental health service providers occasionally stepped in to cater to specific populations that include migrants. Conclusions: There is evidence that migrants are especially vulnerable to infectious disease during economic crises. Ring-fenced funding of prevention programs, including screening and treatment, is important for addressing this vulnerability. PMID:26318852

Structural Determinants of Inconsistent Condom Use with Clients Among Migrant Sex Workers: Findings of Longitudinal Research in an Urban Canadian Setting

PubMed Central

Sou, Julie; Shannon, Kate; Li, Jane; Nguyen, Paul; Strathdee, Steffanie; Shoveller, Jean; Goldenberg, Shira M.

2015-01-01

Background Migrant women in sex work experience unique risks and protective factors related to their sexual health. Given the dearth of knowledge in high-income countries, we explored factors associated with inconsistent condom use by clients among migrant female sex workers over time in Vancouver, BC. Methods Questionnaire and HIV/STI testing data from a longitudinal cohort, AESHA, were collected from 2010–2013. Logistic regression using generalized estimating equations (GEE) was used to model correlates of inconsistent condom use by clients among international migrant sex workers over a 3-year study period. Results Of 685 participants, analyses were restricted to 182 (27%) international migrants who primarily originated from China. In multivariate GEE analyses, difficulty accessing condoms (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 3.76, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.13–12.47) independently correlated with increased odds of inconsistent condom use by clients. Servicing clients in indoor sex work establishments (e.g., massage parlours) (AOR 0.34, 95% CI 0.15–0.77), and high school attainment (AOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.09–0.50) had independent protective effects on the odds of inconsistent condom use by clients. Conclusions Findings of this longitudinal study highlight the persistent challenges faced by migrant sex workers in terms of accessing and using condoms. Migrant sex workers who experienced difficulty in accessing condoms were more than three times as likely to report inconsistent condom use by clients. Laws, policies and programs promoting access to safer, decriminalized indoor work environments remain urgently needed to promote health, safety and human rights for migrant workers in the sex industry. PMID:25970307

Structural determinants of inconsistent condom use with clients among migrant sex workers: findings of longitudinal research in an urban canadian setting.

PubMed

Sou, Julie; Shannon, Kate; Li, Jane; Nguyen, Paul; Strathdee, Steffanie A; Shoveller, Jean; Goldenberg, Shira M

2015-06-01

Migrant women in sex work experience unique risks and protective factors related to their sexual health. Given the dearth of knowledge in high-income countries, we explored factors associated with inconsistent condom use by clients among migrant female sex workers over time in Vancouver, BC. Questionnaire and HIV/sexually transmitted infection testing data from a longitudinal cohort, An Evaluation of Sex Workers Health Access, were collected from 2010 to 2013. Logistic regression using generalized estimating equations was used to model correlates of inconsistent condom use by clients among international migrant sex workers over a 3-year study period. Of 685 participants, analyses were restricted to 182 (27%) international migrants who primarily originated from China. In multivariate generalized estimating equations analyses, difficulty accessing condoms (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-12.47) independently correlated with increased odds of inconsistent condom use by clients. Servicing clients in indoor sex work establishments (e.g., massage parlors) (AOR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15-0.77), and high school attainment (AOR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.09-0.50) had independent protective effects on the odds of inconsistent condom use by clients. Findings of this longitudinal study highlight the persistent challenges faced by migrant sex workers in terms of accessing and using condoms. Migrant sex workers who experienced difficulty in accessing condoms were more than 3 times as likely to report inconsistent condom use by clients. Laws, policies, and programs promoting access to safer, decriminalized indoor work environments remain urgently needed to promote health, safety, and human rights for migrant workers in the sex industry.

Migrant women's experiences, meanings and ways of dealing with postnatal depression: A meta-ethnographic study.

PubMed

Schmied, Virginia; Black, Emma; Naidoo, Norell; Dahlen, Hannah G; Liamputtong, Pranee

2017-01-01

To conduct a meta-ethnographic study of the experiences, meanings and ways of 'dealing with' symptoms or a diagnosis of postnatal depression amongst migrant women living in high income countries. Prevalence of postnatal depression is highest amongst women who are migrants. Yet many women do not seek help for their symptoms and health services do not always respond appropriately to migrant women's needs. Studies have reported migrant women's experiences of postnatal depression and it is timely to synthesise findings from these studies to understand how services can be improved. A meta-ethnographic synthesis of 12 studies reported in 15 papers. Five databases were searched for papers published between January 1999 and February 2016. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool. The synthesis process was guided by the seven steps of meta-ethnography outlined by Noblit and Hare. Four key metaphors were identified: "I am alone, worried and angry-this is not me!"; 'Making sense of my feelings' 'Dealing with my feelings' and 'What I need to change the way I feel!'. Primarily women related their feelings to their position as a migrant and as women, often living in poor socio-economic circumstances and they were exhausted keeping up with expected commitments. Many women were resourceful, drawing on their personal strengths and family / community resources. All the studies reported that women experienced difficulties in accessing appropriate services. The meta-ethnographic study demonstrates the impact of migration on perinatal mental health, particularly for women lacking family support, who have no employment, a precarious migration status and/or relationship conflict. Migrant women are resourceful and this requires support through appropriate services. Further research is needed to evaluate effective support strategies for migrant women in the perinatal period.

PROJECT SALUD: EFFICACY OF A COMMUNITY-BASED HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTION FOR HISPANIC MIGRANT WORKERS IN SOUTH FLORIDA

PubMed Central

Sánchez, Jesús; De La Rosa, Mario; Serna, Claudia A.

2014-01-01

Project Salud evaluates the efficacy of a community-based intervention to reduce risk behaviors and enhance factors for HIV-preventative behaviors. A randomized controlled trial of 278 high risk Latino migrant workers was conducted between 2008 and 2010. Participants completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview questionnaire at baseline and 3- and 9-month post-intervention follow-ups. Participants were randomly assigned to the community-based intervention (A-SEMI) or the health promotion condition (HPC). Both interventions consisted of four 2.5–hour interactive sessions and were structurally equivalent in administration and format. Relative to the comparison condition, A-SEMI participants reported more consistent condom use, were less likely to report never having used condoms, and were more likely to have used condoms at last sexual encounter during the past 90 and 30 days. A-SEMI participants also experienced a positive change in regard to factors for HIV-preventive behaviors over the entire 9-month period. Our results support the implementation of community-based, culturally tailored interventions among Latino migrant workers. PMID:24059875

Working to eat: Vulnerability, food insecurity, and obesity among migrant and seasonal farmworker families.

PubMed

Borre, Kristen; Ertle, Luke; Graff, Mariaelisa

2010-04-01

Food insecurity and obesity have potential health consequences for migrant and seasonal farm workers (MSFW). Thirty-six Latino MSFW working in eastern North Carolina whose children attended Migrant Head Start completed interviews, focus groups and home visits. Content analysis, nutrient analysis, and non-parametric statistical analysis produced results. MSFW (63.8%) families were food insecure; of those, 34.7% experienced hunger. 32% of pre-school children were food insecure. Food secure families spent more money on food. Obesity was prevalent in adults and children but the relationship to food insecurity remains unclear. Strategies to reduce risk of foods insecurity were employed by MSFW, but employer and community assistance is needed to reduce their risk. Food insecurity is rooted in the cultural lifestyle of farmwork, poverty, and dependency. MSFW obesity and food insecurity require further study to determine the relationship with migration and working conditions. Networking and social support are important for MSFW families to improve food security. Policies and community/workplace interventions could reduce risk of food insecurity and improve the health of workers. (c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Outspoken Indigenes and Nostalgic Migrants: Maori and Samoan Educating Performances in an Aotoearoa New Zealand Cultural Festival

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gershon, Ilana; Collins, Solonaima

2007-01-01

Background/Context: Theorists of civil society often view civil society as a site for democratic education. Civil society is supposed to assist democratic practice by offering people contexts in which they practice promoting the common good. This article, following Nina Eliasoph's intervention, takes this to be a claim requiring ethnographic…

Understanding out-migration among female sex workers in South India

PubMed Central

Banandur, Pradeep; Ramnaik, Satyanarayana; Manhart, Lisa E.; Buzdugan, Raluca; Mahapatra, Bidhubhushan; Isac, Shajy; Halli, Shiva S; Washington, Reynold G; Moses, Stephen; Blanchard, James F

2012-01-01

BACKGROUND Migrant sex workers are known to be vulnerable to HIV. There is substantial female sex worker (FSW) mobility between the borders of Maharashtra and Karnataka, but little programming emphasis on migrant FSWs in India. We sought to understand the individual/cultural, structural and contextual determinants of migration among FSWs from Karnataka. METHODS A cross sectional face-to-face interview of 1567FSWs from 142 villages in 3 districts of northern Karnataka, India was conducted from January–June 2008. Villages having 10+FSWs, a large number of whom were migrant, were selected following mapping of FSWs. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to identify characteristics associated with migrant (travelled for ≥2weeks outside the district past year) and mobile (travelled for <2weeks outside the district past year) FSWs; adjusting for age and district. RESULTS Compared to non-migrants, migrant FSWs were more likely to be brothel than street-based (AOR 5.7; 95%CI 1.6–20.0), have higher income from sex work (AOR 42.2; 12.6–142.1), speak >2languages (AOR 5.6%; 2.6–12.0), have more clients (AORper client 2.9; 1.2–7.2) and have more sex acts/day (AORper sex act 3.5; 1.3–9.3). Mobile FSWs had higher income from sex work (AOR=13.2; 3.9–44.6) relative to non-migrants, but not as strongly as for migrant FSWs. CONCLUSION Out-migration of FSWs in Karnataka was strongly tied to sex work characteristics; thus, the structure inherent in sex work should be capitalized on when developing HIV preventive interventions. The important role of FSWs in HIV epidemics, coupled with the potential for rapid spread of HIV with migration, requires the most effective interventions possible for mobile and migrant FSWs. PMID:23001264

Oral health knowledge, behaviors and parental practices among rural-urban migrant children in Guangzhou: a follow-up study.

PubMed

Pan, Ning; Cai, Li; Xu, Caijuan; Guan, Han; Jin, Yu

2017-06-07

Despite the growing number of rural-urban migrant children in China, follow-up observation on the oral health of migrant children is still scarce. This study described the changes of oral health knowledge, behaviors and parental practices in migrant children over a period of one year. Possible factors affecting changes were also investigated. The study used purposive sampling to select five private schools of migrant children in Guangzhou. A total of 1900 students in Grades 3 and 4 were recruited. A self-administered questionnaire was used in November 2011 to understand their basic situations, including oral health knowledge, behaviors and parental practices. A final survey was conducted in April 2013 to detect any changes. The mean accuracy of oral health knowledge was 53.17% and 59.42% in 2011 and 2013, respectively (p < 0.001). For migrant children, the total score of oral hygiene, dietary habits and parental practices increased at the follow-up evaluation (p < 0.05). Children with less oral health knowledge were more likely to achieve significantly positive changes in score of knowledge (p < 0.001) in the final survey. Migrant children who had worse performance on oral hygiene (beta estimate = 0.68, p < 0.001), dietary habits (beta estimate = 0.58, p < 0.001) and good parental practices in the baseline survey were more likely to obtain beneficial changes. No significant associations between demographic characteristics and changes of oral health knowledge and behaviors (p > 0.05) were observed. Oral health knowledge, behaviors and parental practices among migrant children significantly improved at the follow-up assessment. However, the overall situation was still poor. Positive and effective health education and prevention programs tailored to rural-urban migrant children with varying levels of oral health knowledge, behaviors and parental practices will be needed.

Male migration and risky sexual behavior in rural India: is the place of origin critical for HIV prevention programs?

PubMed

Saggurti, Niranjan; Mahapatra, Bidhubhusan; Swain, Suvakanta N; Jain, Anrudh K

2011-12-29

Recent studies of male migrants in India indicate that those who are infected with HIV are spreading the epidemic from high risk populations in high prevalence areas to populations in low prevalence areas. In this context, migrant men are believed to initiate and have risky sexual behaviors in places of destination and not in places of origin. The paucity of information on men's risky sexual behaviors in places of origin limits the decision to initiate HIV prevention interventions among populations in high out-migration areas in India. A cross-sectional behavioral survey was conducted among non-migrants, returned migrants (with a history of migration), and active (current) migrants in rural areas across two districts with high levels of male out-migration: Prakasam district in Andhra Pradesh and Azamgarh district in Uttar Pradesh. Surveys assessed participant demographics, migration status, migration history, and sexual behavior along the migration routes, place of initiation of sex. District-stratified regression models were used to understand the associations between migration and risky sexual behaviors (number of partners, condom use at last sex) and descriptive analyses of migrants' place of sexual initiation and continuation along migration routes. The average age at migration of our study sample was 19 years. Adjusted regression analyses revealed that active migrants were more likely to engage in sex with sex workers in the past 12 months (Prakasam: 15 percent vs. 8 percent; adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.4; Azamgarh: 19 percent vs.7 percent; aOR=4.0, 95% CI 2.4-6.6) as well as have multiple (3+) sex partners (Prakasam: 18 percent vs. 9 percent; aOR=2.0, 95% CI 1.3-3.2; Azamgarh: 28 percent vs. 21 percent; aOR=1.9, 95% CI 1.2-3.0) than non-migrants. Contrary to popular belief, a high proportion of active and returned migrants (almost 75 percent of those who had sex) initiated sex at the place of origin before migrating, which is equivalent to the proportion of non-migrants who engaged in sex with sex workers as well as with casual unpaid partners. Moreover, non-migrants were more likely than migrants to engage in unprotected sex. Findings of this study document that returned migrants and active migrants have higher sexual risk behaviors than the non-migrants. Most migrants initiate non-marital sex in the place of origin and many continue these behaviors in places of destination. Migrants' destination area behaviors are linked to sex with sex workers and they continue to practice such behaviors in the place of origin as well. Unprotected sex in places of destination with high HIV prevalence settings poses a risk of transmission from high risk population groups to migrants, and in turn to their married and other sexual partners in places of origin. These findings suggest the need for controlling the spread of HIV among both men and women resulting from unsafe sex in places of origin that have high vulnerability due to the frequent migratory nature of populations.

The Role of Medicaid and Other Government Programs in Providing Medical Care for Children and Pregnant Women.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hill, Ian T.

1992-01-01

Provides an overview of the major federal and state health care programs serving children and pregnant women, including (1) Medicaid; (2) the Maternal and Child Health Block Grant Program; (3) the Community and Migrant Health Center Program; and (4) the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children. (SLD)

[Implementation of intervention programs on AIDS-related sexual transmission in China].

PubMed

Dong, Wei; Zhou, Chu; Ge, Lin; Li, Dongmin; Wu, Zunyou; Rou, Keming

2015-12-01

To analyze the implementation of intervention programs targeted on AIDS high risk sexual transmission groups since 2008, when the relative prevention and control information systems on HIV/AIDS were developed. Data from both aggregated interventions and sentinel surveillance programs from 2008 to the end of 2014 were used. Descriptive statistics were performed to analyze the trends of implementation on high risk groups including men who have sex with men, female sex workers (FSW) and migrant workers. From 2008 to 2012, the monthly average numbers receiving intervention programs and the average monthly coverage rate on intervention for MSM, increased from 49 000 to 252 000, and from 8.6% to 78.5% respectively. The FSW related indicators increased from 329 000 to 625 000, and from 30.9% to 87.0% respectively. Above indexes on the two populations had dropped slightly in 2013 and 2014. Sentinel surveillance data showed that knowledge and behavior indicators observed from the MSM and FSW populations increased annually. The coverage of intervention programs on migrant workers increased from 4.7% to almost 10.0%, but the surveillance data on migrant men showed that the knowledge and behavior indicators were still lower than the other high-risk groups. Intervention related to sexual transmission on HIV/AIDS among high-risk populations were effectively implemented, with some achievements seen. However, as sexual contact currently became the main route of AIDS epidemic, new challenges called for serious attention.

Condoms and sexual health education as evidence: impact of criminalization of in-call venues and managers on migrant sex workers access to HIV/STI prevention in a Canadian setting.

PubMed

Anderson, S; Shannon, K; Li, J; Lee, Y; Chettiar, J; Goldenberg, S; Krüsi, A

2016-11-17

Despite a large body of evidence globally demonstrating that the criminalization of sex workers increases HIV/STI risks, we know far less about the impact of criminalization and policing of managers and in-call establishments on HIV/STI prevention among sex workers, and even less so among migrant sex workers. Analysis draws on ethnographic fieldwork and 46 qualitative interviews with migrant sex workers, managers and business owners of in-call sex work venues in Metro Vancouver, Canada. The criminalization of in-call venues and third parties explicitly limits sex workers' access to HIV/STI prevention, including manager restrictions on condoms and limited onsite access to sexual health information and HIV/STI testing. With limited labour protections and socio-cultural barriers, criminalization and policing undermine the health and human rights of migrant sex workers working in -call venues. This research supports growing evidence-based calls for decriminalization of sex work, including the removal of criminal sanctions targeting third parties and in-call venues, alongside programs and policies that better protect the working conditions of migrant sex workers as critical to HIV/STI prevention and human rights.

Measuring Geographic Migration Patterns Using Matrículas Consulares.

PubMed

Caballero, Maria Esther; Cadena, Brian C; Kovak, Brian K

2018-05-14

In this article, we show how to use administrative data from the Matrícula Consular de Alta Seguridad (MCAS) identification card program to measure the joint distribution of sending and receiving locations for migrants from Mexico to the United States. Whereas other data sources cover only a small fraction of source or destination locations or include only very coarse geographic information, the MCAS data provide complete geographic coverage of both countries, detailed information on migrants' sources and destinations, and a very large sample size. We first confirm the quality and representativeness of the MCAS data by comparing them with well-known household surveys in Mexico and the United States, finding strong agreement on the migrant location distributions available across data sets. We then document substantial differences in the mix of destinations for migrants from different places within the same source state, demonstrating the importance of detailed substate geographical information. We conclude with an example of how these detailed data can be used to study the effects of destination-specific conditions on migration patterns. We find that an Arizona law reducing employment opportunities for unauthorized migrants decreased emigration from and increased return migration to Mexican source regions with strong initial ties to Arizona.

Social Support and HIV Risks Among Migrant and Non-Migrant Market Workers in Almaty, Kazakhstan.

PubMed

Mergenova, Gaukhar; Shaw, Stacey A; Terlikbayeva, Assel; Gilbert, Louisa; Gensburg, Lenore; Primbetova, Sholpan; El-Bassel, Nabila

2017-08-01

Migration processes are listed within the primary factors facilitating the heterosexual spread of HIV. The study examines the relationship between social support, sexual HIV risk behaviors and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among 1342 male migrant and non-migrant market workers from Barakholka Market in Almaty, Kazakhstan. (1) higher level of perceived social support [Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Social Support Instrument (ESSI score)] was associated with a lower likelihood of having sex with a female sex worker (FSW) [OR = 0.952 (0.927, 0.978) p < .001]; (2) higher availability of friends was associated with a higher likelihood of having STIs [OR = 1.244 (1.007, 1.537), p < .05]; (3) larger network size was associated with a higher likelihood of having STIs [OR = 1.201 (1.026, 1.407), p < .05]; (4) loneliness was associated with an increased likelihood of having unprotected sex with any female partner [RR = 1.102 (1.027, 1.182), p < .05]. Results suggest that social support factors should be considered as a component of HIV and STI prevention programs for male migrant workers from Central Asia in Kazakhstan.

Evaluation of Progress, Bilingual Mini-Head Start, November 1973.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McConnell, Beverly

A 5-year experimental project, the Bilingual Mini Head Start program is an early education program for children of migrant farm workers. The program has 2 components: the mobile and the stationary components. In the stationary program, 2 year-round centers are operated in Connell and Moses Lake (Washington). These centers' purpose is to…

Pandemic preparedness: perceptions of vulnerable migrants in Thailand towards WHO-recommended non-pharmaceutical interventions: a cross-sectional study

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) constituted the principal public health response to the previous influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pandemic and are one key area of ongoing preparation for future pandemics. Thailand is an important point of focus in terms of global pandemic preparedness and response due to its role as the major transportation hub for Southeast Asia, the endemic presence of multiple types of influenza, and its role as a major receiving country for migrants. Our aim was to collect information about vulnerable migrants’ perceptions of and ability to implement NPIs proposed by the WHO. We hope that this information will help us to gauge the capacity of this population to engage in pandemic preparedness and response efforts, and to identify potential barriers to NPI effectiveness. Methods A cross-sectional survey was performed. The study was conducted during the influenza H1N1 2009 pandemic and included 801 migrant participants living in border areas thought to be high risk by the Thailand Ministry of Public Health. Data were collected by Migrant Community Health Workers using a 201-item interviewer-assisted questionnaire. Univariate descriptive analyses were conducted. Results With the exception of border measures, to which nearly all participants reported they would be adherent, attitudes towards recommended NPIs were generally negative or uncertain. Other potential barriers to NPI implementation include limited experience applying these interventions (e.g., using a thermometer, wearing a face mask) and inadequate hand washing and household disinfection practices. Conclusions Negative or ambivalent attitudes towards NPIs combined with other barriers identified suggest that vulnerable migrants in Thailand have a limited capacity to participate in pandemic preparedness efforts. This limited capacity likely puts migrants at risk of propagating the spread of a pandemic virus. Coordinated risk communication and public education are potential strategies that may reduce barriers to individual NPI implementation. PMID:24973943

HIV prevention for migrants in transit: developing and testing TRAIN.

PubMed

Bahromov, Mahbat; Weine, Stevan

2011-06-01

This study was a pilot investigation of the feasibility, acceptability, and effects of TRAIN (Transit to Russia AIDS Intervention with Newcomers) a three-session HIV preventive intervention for Tajik male labor migrants performed in transit. Sixty adult Tajik male labor migrants on the 5-day train ride from Dushanbe to Moscow were randomly assigned to either the intervention or a control condition. Each initially completed an in-person survey then another 3 days later (immediately postintervention), and participated in a cell phone survey three months later. All participants came to all intervention sessions, were satisfied with the program, and completed all postassessments. In comparison with the controls, the TRAIN group reported significant increases in condom use with sex workers and non-sex workers, condom knowledge, worry about HIV/AIDS, talking with persons about HIV/AIDS, talking with wife about HIV/AIDS, community activities, and religious activities. HIV/AIDS prevention performed in transit is feasible, accceptable, and potentially efficacious in diminishing HIV risk behaviors in labor migrants.

HIV PREVENTION FOR MIGRANTS IN TRANSIT: DEVELOPING AND TESTING TRAIN

PubMed Central

Bahromov, Mahbat; Weine, Stevan

2013-01-01

This study was a pilot investigation of the feasibility, acceptability, and effects of TRAIN (Transit to Russia AIDS Intervention with Newcomers) a three-session HIV preventive intervention for Tajik male labor migrants performed in transit. Sixty adult Tajik male labor migrants on the 5-day train ride from Dushanbe to Moscow were randomly assigned to either the intervention or a control condition. Each initially completed an in-person survey then another 3 days later (immediately postintervention), and participated in a cell phone survey three months later. All participants came to all intervention sessions, were satisfied with the program, and completed all postassessments. In comparison with the controls, the TRAIN group reported significant increases in condom use with sex workers and non-sex workers, condom knowledge, worry about HIV/AIDS, talking with persons about HIV/AIDS, talking with wife about HIV/AIDS, community activities, and religious activities. HIV/AIDS prevention performed in transit is feasible, accceptable, and potentially efficacious in diminishing HIV risk behaviors in labor migrants. PMID:21696244

Correlates and contexts of U.S. injection drug initiation among undocumented Mexican migrant men who were deported from the United States

PubMed Central

Robertson, Angela M.; Lozada, Remedios; Pollini, Robin A.; Rangel, Gudelia; Ojeda, Victoria D.

2012-01-01

Preventing the onset of injection drug use is important in controlling the spread of HIV and other blood borne infections. Undocumented migrants in the United States face social, economic, and legal stressors that may contribute to substance abuse. Little is known about undocumented migrants’ drug abuse trajectories including injection initiation. To examine the correlates and contexts of U.S. injection initiation among undocumented migrants, we administered quantitative surveys (n=309) and qualitative interviews (n=23) on migration and drug abuse experiences to deported male injection drug users (IDUs) in Tijuana, Mexico. U.S. injection initiation was independently associated with ever using drugs in Mexico pre-migration, younger age at first U.S. migration, and U.S. incarceration. Participants’ qualitative interviews contextualized quantitative findings and demonstrated the significance of social contexts surrounding U.S. injection initiation experiences. HIV prevention programs may prevent/delay U.S. injection initiation by addressing socio-economic and migration-related stressors experienced by undocumented migrants. PMID:22246511

The Oregon migrant farmworker community: an evolving model for participatory research.

PubMed Central

McCauley, L A; Beltran, M; Phillips, J; Lasarev, M; Sticker, D

2001-01-01

Migrant farmworker communities present distinct challenges that require new approaches for community participation in research. In the State of Oregon an agency that advocates for the migrant farmworker community has collaborated successfully with university researchers to implement a research program directed to reducing pesticide exposures among the children of migrant farmworkers. The research process has included both qualitative research methods with members of the community and quantitative approaches to measure pesticide dust residues in homes, biomarkers of pesticide exposure, and effects on health. A committee of university and community stakeholders advises the research. Evaluative processes have been initiated to assess the effectiveness of the participatory model used in this project. The components of the preliminary process evaluation and results are presented. Evaluative data show that researchers and community members differ on perceptions of community involvement and the extent to which communication problems have been resolved between the two groups. Suggestions for improved community involvement and communication are given. PMID:11427395

Summer migrant students learn healthy choices through videography.

PubMed

Kilanowski, Jill F; Lin, Li

2014-08-01

The purpose of this single-group pre- and posttest intervention pilot study was to teach middle school migrant farmworker children the benefits of healthy eating and activity using a multimedia and ethnic-tailored health curriculum, embedded in a 7-week summer Migrant Education Program. Conceptual frameworks were from transcultural nursing, education, and child development. Student-made video productions enhanced classroom learning and content retention. Outcomes were health infomercials, body mass index (BMI), BMI percentile, muscle strength and flexibility, and We Can! and Coordinated Approach To Child Health (CATCH) surveys. Sixty-four students were enrolled (girls n = 31, boys n = 33), 96% Latino, and 65% were overweight or obese. Students had significant improvement in 12 knowledge and attitudes measures with significant gender differences in 11 measures. Although not statistically significant, trends toward healthier weight were seen. Five student infomercials were produced. The school environment effectively delivered health promotion to migrant children and will serve as a prototype for middle school health interventions. © The Author(s) 2013.

Temporal epidemiology of microfilaraemia among migrant workers entering Kuwait

PubMed Central

Akhtar, Saeed; Mohammad, Hameed GHH; Michael, Edwin

2008-01-01

Background There is paucity of published data on the microfilarial infection among migrants from endemic countries entering Kuwait. The primary objectives of this study were to use routine health surveillance data to i) to estimate the prevalence of microfilarial infection in migrant workers to Kuwait and ii) to determine the occurrence of any time trends in the proportions of microfilaria positives among these workers over the recent past. Methods Monthly aggregates of microfilaria thick slide test results obtained from routine health examinations of migrant workers conducted at the Ports and Border Health Division of Ministry of Health, Kuwait between January 1, 1992 and December 31, 2006, were available for trend analysis of these time series data. Results During the study period, the prevalence (per 100,000) of microfilaraemia positive migrant workers was 48 (1169/2449360). A third-order polynomial regression model of monthly proportions of microfilaraemic workers revealed a significant initial increase (βˆ1 = 2.976 (± 0.157); P < 0.001), followed by a significant declining trend (βˆ2 = -0.0358 (± 0.002); P < 0.001) and a slight but significant upward trend (βˆ3 = 0.0001 (± < 0.001); P < 0.001) towards the end of study period. Conclusion This study showed a recent steady but apparently asymptotic decline in the prevalence of microfilarial infection in migrant workers from filarial endemic countries to Kuwait. This may reflect either changes in the socio-economic backgrounds of recent migrants or the effects of recently initiated mass drug administration programs carried out in the endemic countries of origin. PMID:18710477

Chagas Disease Infection among Migrants at the Mexico/Guatemala Border.

PubMed

Conners, Erin E; Ordoñez, Teresa López; Cordon-Rosales, Celia; Casanueva, Carmen Fernández; Miranda, Sonia Morales; Brouwer, Kimberly C

2017-10-01

Chagas disease results in the largest burden, in terms of disability-adjusted-life-years, of any parasitic disease in the Americas. Monitoring Chagas disease among migrants is critical to controlling its spread and to serving the needs of the migrant community. Therefore, we determined the prevalence and correlates of Chagas disease in regional and international migrant populations at the Mexico/Guatemala border. Data were collected as part of a larger study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and migration. Participants were a sample of recent regional and international migrants who used an illicit substance or had recent problem drinking. Trypanosoma cruzi infection was classified as testing positive on two different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Interviewer-administered surveys captured sociodemographics, migration history, Chagas disease knowledge, and access to care. We enrolled 389 recent migrants, and the prevalence of Chagas disease was 3.1%. Only 19% of the participants reported having ever heard of the disease and less than 1% had been previously tested. Trypanosoma cruzi -positive participants were more likely to have been born in a rural area or town than a city (92% yes versus 59% no, P = 0.02) and have recently lived in a house with a makeshift roof (33% yes versus 8% no, P < 0.01), walls (42% yes versus 13% no, P < 0.01), or floor (50% yes versus 21% no, P < 0.02), or cinderblock walls (92% yes versus 63% no, P = 0.04). With migration rapidly changing the distribution of Chagas disease, more work needs to be done to create targeted surveillance programs and provide access to affordable treatment among Latin American migrants.

Health services for reproductive tract infections among female migrant workers in industrial zones in Ha Noi, Viet Nam: an in-depth assessment

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background Rural-to-urban migration involves a high proportion of females because job opportunities for female migrants have increased in urban industrial areas. Those who migrate may be healthier than those staying in the village and they may benefit from better health care services at destination, but the 'healthy' effect can be reversed at destination due to migration-related health risk factors. The study aimed to explore the need for health care services for reproductive tract infections (RTIs) among female migrants working in the Sai Dong industrial zone as well as their services utilization. Methods The cross sectional study employed a mixed method approach. A cohort of 300 female migrants was interviewed to collect quantitative data. Two focus groups and 20 in-depth interviews were conducted to collect qualitative data. We have used frequency and cross-tabulation techniques to analyze the quantitative data and the qualitative data was used to triangulate and to provide more in-depth information. Results The needs for health care services for RTI were high as 25% of participants had RTI syndromes. Only 21.6% of female migrants having RTI syndromes ever seek helps for health care services. Barriers preventing migrants to access services were traditional values, long working hours, lack of information, and high cost of services. Employers had limited interests in reproductive health of female migrants, and there was ineffective collaboration between the local health system and enterprises. These barriers were partly caused by lack of health promotion programs suitable for migrants. Most respondents needed more information on RTIs and preferred to receive these from their employers since they commonly work shifts - and spend most of their day time at work. Conclusion While RTIs are a common health problem among female migrant workers in industrial zones, female migrants had many obstacles in accessing RTI care services. The findings from this study will help to design intervention models for RTI among this vulnerable group such as communication for behavioural impact of RTI health care, fostered collaboration between local health care services and employer enterprises, and on-site service (e.g. local or enterprise health clinics) strengthening. PMID:22369718

High Altitude Bird Migration at Temperate Latitudes: A Synoptic Perspective on Wind Assistance

PubMed Central

Dokter, Adriaan M.; Shamoun-Baranes, Judy; Kemp, Michael U.; Tijm, Sander; Holleman, Iwan

2013-01-01

At temperate latitudes the synoptic patterns of bird migration are strongly structured by the presence of cyclones and anticyclones, both in the horizontal and altitudinal dimensions. In certain synoptic conditions, birds may efficiently cross regions with opposing surface wind by choosing a higher flight altitude with more favourable wind. We observed migratory passerines at mid-latitudes that selected high altitude wind optima on particular nights, leading to the formation of structured migration layers at varying altitude up to 3 km. Using long-term vertical profiling of bird migration by C-band Doppler radar in the Netherlands, we find that such migration layers occur nearly exclusively during spring migration in the presence of a high-pressure system. A conceptual analytic framework providing insight into the synoptic patterns of wind assistance for migrants that includes the altitudinal dimension has so far been lacking. We present a simple model for a baroclinic atmosphere that relates vertical profiles of wind assistance to the pressure and temperature patterns occurring at temperate latitudes. We show how the magnitude and direction of the large scale horizontal temperature gradient affects the relative gain in wind assistance that migrants obtain through ascending. Temperature gradients typical for northerly high-pressure systems in spring are shown to cause high altitude wind optima in the easterly sectors of anticyclones, thereby explaining the frequent observations of high altitude migration in these synoptic conditions. Given the recurring synoptic arrangements of pressure systems across temperate continents, the opportunities for exploiting high altitude wind will differ between flyways, for example between easterly and westerly oceanic coasts. PMID:23300969

High altitude bird migration at temperate latitudes: a synoptic perspective on wind assistance.

PubMed

Dokter, Adriaan M; Shamoun-Baranes, Judy; Kemp, Michael U; Tijm, Sander; Holleman, Iwan

2013-01-01

At temperate latitudes the synoptic patterns of bird migration are strongly structured by the presence of cyclones and anticyclones, both in the horizontal and altitudinal dimensions. In certain synoptic conditions, birds may efficiently cross regions with opposing surface wind by choosing a higher flight altitude with more favourable wind. We observed migratory passerines at mid-latitudes that selected high altitude wind optima on particular nights, leading to the formation of structured migration layers at varying altitude up to 3 km. Using long-term vertical profiling of bird migration by C-band Doppler radar in the Netherlands, we find that such migration layers occur nearly exclusively during spring migration in the presence of a high-pressure system. A conceptual analytic framework providing insight into the synoptic patterns of wind assistance for migrants that includes the altitudinal dimension has so far been lacking. We present a simple model for a baroclinic atmosphere that relates vertical profiles of wind assistance to the pressure and temperature patterns occurring at temperate latitudes. We show how the magnitude and direction of the large scale horizontal temperature gradient affects the relative gain in wind assistance that migrants obtain through ascending. Temperature gradients typical for northerly high-pressure systems in spring are shown to cause high altitude wind optima in the easterly sectors of anticyclones, thereby explaining the frequent observations of high altitude migration in these synoptic conditions. Given the recurring synoptic arrangements of pressure systems across temperate continents, the opportunities for exploiting high altitude wind will differ between flyways, for example between easterly and westerly oceanic coasts.

The adaptation of migrant children.

PubMed

Portes, Alejandro; Rivas, Alejandro

2011-01-01

Alejandro Portes and Alejandro Rivas examine how young immigrants are adapting to life in the United States. They begin by noting the existence of two distinct pan-ethnic populations: Asian Americans, who tend to be the offspring of high-human-capital migrants, and Hispanics, many of whose parents are manual workers. Vast differences in each, both in human capital origins and in their reception in the United States, mean large disparities in resources available to the families and ethnic communities raising the new generation. Research on the assimilation of these children falls into two theoretical perspectives. Culturalist researchers emphasize the newcomers' place in the cultural and linguistic life of the host society; structuralists, their place in the socioeconomic hierarchy. Within each camp, views range from darkly pessimistic-that disadvantaged children of immigrants are simply not joining the American mainstream--to optimistic--that assimilation is taking place today just as it has in the past. A middle ground is that although poorly endowed immigrant families face distinct barriers to upward mobility, their children can overcome these obstacles through learning the language and culture of the host society while preserving their home country language, values, and customs. Empirical work shows that immigrants make much progress, on average, from the first to the second generation, both culturally and socioeconomically. The overall advancement of the immigrant population, however, is largely driven by the good performance and outcomes of youths from professional immigrant families, positively received in America. For immigrants at the other end of the spectrum, average socioeconomic outcomes are driven down by the poorer educational and economic performance of children from unskilled migrant families, who are often handicapped further by an unauthorized or insecure legal status. Racial stereotypes produce a positive self-identity for white and Asian students but a negative one for blacks and Latinos, and racialized self-perceptions among Mexican American students endure into the third and fourth generations. From a policy viewpoint, these children must be the population of greatest concern. The authors cite two important policy measures for immigrant youth. One is to legalize unauthorized migrants lest, barred from conventional mobility channels, they turn to unorthodox means of self-affirmation and survival. The other is to provide volunteer programs and other forms of outside assistance to guide the most disadvantaged members of this population and help them stay in school.

Easing the Transition: Teaching Migrants in the Orderly Departure Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Webster, Marian; Belmont, Susan

1986-01-01

Immigrants leaving Vietnam through the Orderly Departure Program in Bangkok, Thailand, experience stress and difficulties very different from those endured by refugees fleeing by land or boat. The cultural orientation program addresses their needs to assimilate their loss, gain equilibrium, and get resettlement guidance and information. These…

Fair Start Program: Outreach to Mexican and Mexican American Farmworker Families.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winters-Smith, Carol; Larner, Mary

This presentation describes a home visiting health education program serving Mexican and Mexican-American migrant farmworkers in Florida. The purposes of the program were to educate farmworker families about pregnancy, childbirth, nutrition, and child development, and to encourage the use of preventive health care services. Home visitors were…

Parent Leadership Training Program. An Evaluation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McConnell, Beverly B.

The Parent Leadership Training Program was developed to promote academic success among at-risk children, specifically, Mexican Migrant children. It attempted to help parents learn how to be effective partners in their children's academic and developmental growth. The program provided a series of meetings to help families understand the schools and…

Access and acceptability of community-based services for older Greek migrants in Australia: user and provider perspectives.

PubMed

Hurley, Catherine; Panagiotopoulos, Georgia; Tsianikas, Michael; Newman, Lareen; Walker, Ruth

2013-03-01

In most developed nations, ageing migrants represent a growing proportion of the older population. Policies that emphasise care in the community depend on older migrants having access to formal services along with informal support, yet little is known about how older migrants experience community-based formal services. By examining the views of both Greek elders in Australia and those of formal service providers, this research fills an important gap in the literature around access to and acceptability of formal community-based services for older migrants. A research team including two Greek background researchers used existing social groups and a snowball sampling method to conduct face-to-face interviews and focus groups with seventy older Greeks in Adelaide, Australia. In addition, 22 community-based service providers were interviewed over the telephone. Results from users and providers showed that while many older Greeks experience service access issues, they also relied heavily on family for support and assistance at home. Reliance on family was both in preference to formal services or where formal services were used, to locate, negotiate and monitor such services. Common barriers identified by both groups included cost, transport and availability, but additional challenges were posed by language, literacy and cultural attitudes. Demographic changes including greater employment mobility and female workforce participation among adult children will have implications for both formal and informal care providers. Formal service providers need to ensure that services are promoted and delivered to take account of the important role of family in informal support while also addressing the access challenges posed by language and literacy. Research conducted by researchers from the same cultural background in the respondent's native language can further advance knowledge in this area. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

International labor migration and external debt.

PubMed

Bustamante, J A

1987-01-01

The prevailing Mexican and US definitions of undocumented migration are poles apart. The US views it as a criminal problem. Mexicans view the undocumented migrants as actors in an economic game in which the rules are extremely disadvantageous to these migrants. Migrants themselves and their communities view the undocumented as a positive element. It is necessary to move toward a bilateral focus and bilateral negotiation on the issue of migratory workers. This proposal derives from several assumptions: 1) the external debt is a bilateral or multilateral issue, 2) it is important to avoid forcing debtor countries to choose between stimulating economic growth or making payment on their foreign debt, 3) prevailing public opinion in the US favors halting undocumented migration, 4) the US views the migration of undocumented Mexicans as the result of forces endogenous to Mexico and exogenous to the US, 5) the US views both Mexico's ability to make payment on its external debt and to halt emigration as tied to the Mexican government's ability or inability to reconcile political stability with scarce monetary resources, and 6) political instability in Mexico could augment emigration to the US and undermine Mexico's ability to address its foreign debt. The following proposal suggests means to link negotiation on the external debt to that of undocumented migration: 1) The Mexican government could reach an accord with the US to channel a portion of the actual interest on the external debt as a fund to be invested in Mexico to construct a system of labor intensive agroindustrial productive units designed to attract former or potential migratory workers; 2) the total amount of these funds would be deducted from interest payments on the principal of the actual external debt and redefined as an ad hoc loan to Mexico to finance these production units; 3) part of the production from these units would be incorporated into ongoing US food relief and food assistance programs; 4) the program by which the US would import the production of these agroindustrial units in Mexico would retain previously migratory workers in Mexico; 5) a feasibility study would precede implementing an accord on the amount of financing and the terms of operation; and 6) the time during the binational study would be a grace period, during which payment of a portion of the interest of Mexico's foreign debt would be temporarily suspended.

Male migration and risky sexual behavior in rural India: is the place of origin critical for HIV prevention programs?

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Recent studies of male migrants in India indicate that those who are infected with HIV are spreading the epidemic from high risk populations in high prevalence areas to populations in low prevalence areas. In this context, migrant men are believed to initiate and have risky sexual behaviors in places of destination and not in places of origin. The paucity of information on men's risky sexual behaviors in places of origin limits the decision to initiate HIV prevention interventions among populations in high out-migration areas in India. Methods A cross-sectional behavioral survey was conducted among non-migrants, returned migrants (with a history of migration), and active (current) migrants in rural areas across two districts with high levels of male out-migration: Prakasam district in Andhra Pradesh and Azamgarh district in Uttar Pradesh. Surveys assessed participant demographics, migration status, migration history, and sexual behavior along the migration routes, place of initiation of sex. District-stratified regression models were used to understand the associations between migration and risky sexual behaviors (number of partners, condom use at last sex) and descriptive analyses of migrants' place of sexual initiation and continuation along migration routes. Results The average age at migration of our study sample was 19 years. Adjusted regression analyses revealed that active migrants were more likely to engage in sex with sex workers in the past 12 months (Prakasam: 15 percent vs. 8 percent; adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.4; Azamgarh: 19 percent vs.7 percent; aOR=4.0, 95% CI 2.4-6.6) as well as have multiple (3+) sex partners (Prakasam: 18 percent vs. 9 percent; aOR=2.0, 95% CI 1.3-3.2; Azamgarh: 28 percent vs. 21 percent; aOR=1.9, 95% CI 1.2-3.0) than non-migrants. Contrary to popular belief, a high proportion of active and returned migrants (almost 75 percent of those who had sex) initiated sex at the place of origin before migrating, which is equivalent to the proportion of non-migrants who engaged in sex with sex workers as well as with casual unpaid partners. Moreover, non-migrants were more likely than migrants to engage in unprotected sex. Conclusion Findings of this study document that returned migrants and active migrants have higher sexual risk behaviors than the non-migrants. Most migrants initiate non-marital sex in the place of origin and many continue these behaviors in places of destination. Migrants’ destination area behaviors are linked to sex with sex workers and they continue to practice such behaviors in the place of origin as well. Unprotected sex in places of destination with high HIV prevalence settings poses a risk of transmission from high risk population groups to migrants, and in turn to their married and other sexual partners in places of origin. These findings suggest the need for controlling the spread of HIV among both men and women resulting from unsafe sex in places of origin that have high vulnerability due to the frequent migratory nature of populations. PMID:22375813

Living the reality of forced sex work: perspectives from young migrant women sex workers in northern Vietnam.

PubMed

Rushing, Rosanne; Watts, Charlotte; Rushing, Sharon

2005-01-01

Young women are often lured or forced into selling sex as a result of migrating from rural to urban areas to find work. In this setting, they are exposed to high-risk situations, which may leave them vulnerable to exploitation. Using interviews with young migrant women currently working as sex workers in northern Vietnam, we recorded the perspectives of their initiation into sex work and life as a sex worker. The study found that high levels of forced sex and sexual exploitation were experienced by the majority of the young women interviewed. The young women describe their entry into sex work, first sexual experience (intercourse), violence, and condom negotiation and use. Although access to health care was available, the young women perceived the stigma attached to sex work as a barrier to receiving health care, and thus, preferred health education and care from peers. Health education programs focusing on peer education and support are essential for protecting and empowering these young women. In addition, policies and programs must work toward effective strategies to protect young migrant women.

20 CFR 633.316 - Closeout procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Closeout procedures. 633.316 Section 633.316 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.316 Closeout procedures. Grant...

20 CFR 633.303 - Allowable costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.303 Allowable costs. (a) General. To be allowable, a cost must be necessary and reasonable for proper and efficient administration of the...

Child and Family Resource Program (Modesto, California). Program Description.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Development Associates, Inc., Washington, DC.

Migrant farm workers were the primary target of the Child and Family Resource Program (CFRP) in Modesto, California, one of 11 sites in this Head Start affiliated program. The CFRP focused on an infant day care center operation providing day care service to families working in the agricultural fields. This report describes and evaluates: (1) the…

Colorado Rural Health Program. Annual Report, June 1, 1970-June 1, 1971.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Colorado State Dept. of Health, Denver.

Narrative and statistical data on the Colorado Rural Health Program are presented in this 1970-71 annual report. Objectives of the program were to develop, augment, and improve health care services to rural (including migrant) agricultural workers and their families; to develop, expand, and improve existing programs; and to establish and maintain…

Bicultural identity among economical migrants from three south European countries living in Switzerland. Adaptation and validation of a new psychometric instrument

PubMed Central

Eytan, Ariel; Jene-Petschen, Nuria; Gex-Fabry, Marianne

2007-01-01

Background Acculturation is one of the determinants of mental health among immigrants. Evaluating adaptation to the host culture is insufficient, since immigrants will develop various degrees of bi- or multicultural identity. However, mental health professionals lack simple and easy to use instruments to guide them with bicultural identity evaluation in their practice. Our aim was to develop such an instrument to be used for clinical purposes among economical migrants from three South European countries living in Geneva, Switzerland. Methods We adapted from existing instruments a 24 item bi-dimensional scale to assess involvement in both culture of origin and host culture. The study included 93 immigrant adults from three south European countries (Italy, Portugal and Spain). Thirty-eight patients were recruited in an outpatient treatment program for alcohol-related problems and 55 participants were hospital employees. Results The questionnaire was rated as easy or rather easy by 97.8% of participants. Median time to complete it was 5 minutes. The instrument allowed discriminating between patients and healthy subjects, with scores for Swiss culture significantly higher among hospital workers. The subscales related to culture of origin and host culture displayed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.77 and 0.73 respectively). Conclusion It is possible to assist clinicians' assessment of cultural identity of Italian, Portuguese and Spanish economical immigrants in Switzerland with a single and easy to use instrument. PMID:17490478

Ciencia Marina/Negocio y Oficina. Libro del Profesor (Marine Science/Business & Office. Teacher's Guide). B7. CHOICE (Challenging Options in Career Education).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mid-Hudson Migrant Education Center, New Paltz, NY.

Written in Spanish, the guide comprises the sixth grade unit of a career education curriculum for migrant students. The unit covers 10 marine science, business, and office occupations: hydrographer, marine biologist, fish hatchery technician, boat builder, commercial diver, clerical worker, actuary, cashier, assistant bank manager, and computer…

78 FR 49460 - Notice of Funding Availability of Applications (NOFA) for Section 514 Farm Labor Housing Loans...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-14

... contained in this notice have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under Control Number 0575... experience (i.e., obtaining assistance and advice of a management firm, non-profit group, public agency, or... months the migrants reside in the area and an indication of what type of family groups are represented by...

20 CFR 633.310 - Bonding.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Bonding. 633.310 Section 633.310 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.310 Bonding. The grantee and all subgrantees...

20 CFR 633.314 - Reports required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reports required. 633.314 Section 633.314 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.314 Reports required. Grantees shall...

20 CFR 633.318 - Nondiscrimination and nonsectarian activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Nondiscrimination and nonsectarian activities. 633.318 Section 633.318 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.318...

20 CFR 633.302 - Training activities and services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Training activities and services. 633.302 Section 633.302 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.302 Training...

20 CFR 633.317 - Reallocation of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reallocation of funds. 633.317 Section 633.317 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.317 Reallocation of funds...

20 CFR 633.306 - Retirement benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Retirement benefits. 633.306 Section 633.306 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.306 Retirement benefits. No funds...

20 CFR 633.306 - Retirement benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Retirement benefits. 633.306 Section 633.306 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.306 Retirement benefits. No funds...

20 CFR 633.306 - Retirement benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Retirement benefits. 633.306 Section 633.306 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.306 Retirement benefits. No funds...

7 CFR 210.9 - Agreement with State agency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...; (iii) The child is a runaway child as defined in § 245.2 of this chapter; (iv) The child is a migrant... AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS NATIONAL SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM Requirements for School Food Authority... combination of the Child Nutrition Programs, that State agency shall provide each school food authority with a...

7 CFR 210.9 - Agreement with State agency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...; (iii) The child is a runaway child as defined in § 245.2 of this chapter; (iv) The child is a migrant... AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS NATIONAL SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM Requirements for School Food Authority... combination of the Child Nutrition Programs, that State agency shall provide each school food authority with a...

7 CFR 210.9 - Agreement with State agency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...; (iii) The child is a runaway child as defined in § 245.2 of this chapter; (iv) The child is a migrant... AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS NATIONAL SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM Requirements for School Food Authority... combination of the Child Nutrition Programs, that State agency shall provide each school food authority with a...

An Anchor in a Shifting Stream

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zehr, Mary Ann

2007-01-01

This article discusses the Federal Migrant Education Program as implemented in Chester County, Pennsylvania. The program is relatively small as federal programs go--its budget for the current fiscal year was $386.5 million. According to the No Child Left Behind Act, the term "migratory child" means a child who is, or whose parent or…

International migration to Canada: the post-birth health of mothers and infants by immigration class.

PubMed

Gagnon, Anita J; Dougherty, Geoffrey; Wahoush, Olive; Saucier, Jean-François; Dennis, Cindy-Lee; Stanger, Elizabeth; Palmer, Becky; Merry, Lisa; Stewart, Donna E

2013-01-01

There are over 214 million international migrants worldwide, half of whom are women, and all of them assigned by the receiving country to an immigration class. Immigration classes are associated with certain health risks and regulatory restrictions related to eligibility for health care. Prior to this study, reports of international migrant post-birth health had not been compared between immigration classes, with the exception of our earlier, smaller study in which we found asylum-seekers to be at greatest risk for health concerns. In order to determine whether refugee or asylum-seeking women or their infants experience a greater number or a different distribution of professionally-identified health concerns after birth than immigrant or Canadian-born women, we recruited 1127 migrant (and in Canada <5 years) women-infant pairs, defined by immigration class (refugee, asylum-seeker, immigrant, or Canadian-born). Between February 2006 and May 2009, we followed them from childbirth (in one of eleven birthing centres in Montreal or Toronto) to four months and found that at one week postpartum, asylum-seeking and immigrant women had greater rates of professionally-identified health concerns than Canadian-born women; and at four months, all three migrant groups had greater rates of professionally-identified concerns. Further, international migrants were at greater risk of not having these concerns addressed by the Canadian health care system. The current study supports our earlier findings and highlights the need for case-finding and services for international migrant women, particularly for psychosocial difficulties. Policy and program mechanisms to address migrants' needs would best be developed within the various immigration classes. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Making a Difference in Migrant Summer School: Testing a Healthy Weight Intervention

PubMed Central

Kilanowski, Jill F.; Gordon, Nahida H.

2014-01-01

Objective Evaluate the effectiveness of a healthy weight intervention designed for children of migrant farmworkers embedded in a 7-week summer Midwest Migrant Education Program (MEP) for changes in: weight, Body Mass Index (BMI); BMI percentiles (BMI-p); muscle strength and muscle flexibility; nutrition knowledge; attitudes and behaviors. Design This is a two-group pre-post quasi-experimental study. Sample Latino children of migrant farmworkers attending summer MEP in grades 1 through 8 were enrolled (n=171: comparison n=33, intervention n=138). Measurements Weight, BMI, BMI-p, muscle strength and flexibility, knowledge and healthy behaviors. Intervention Classroom content included: food variety; increasing fruits and vegetables; healthy breakfasts; more family meals; increasing family time; decreasing TV and electronic game time; increasing physical activity; limiting sugar-sweetened drinks; portion sizes; and food labels. Results Statistically significant were: increase in comparison group mean weight, decrease in intervention group BMI-p, and improvements in muscle flexibility and healthy behavior attitudes. The intervention students showed trends towards healthy BMI. The number of MEP days attended was significantly correlated in four outcomes. Conclusion Study findings have the potential to decrease incidence of unhealthy weight in Latino migrant children, reduce rates of premature adult diseases in these children, and a potential to decrease future health care costs. PMID:25611178

HIV/STD risk behaviors and perceptions among rural-to-urban migrants in China.

PubMed

Li, Xiaoming; Fang, Xiaoyi; Lin, Danhua; Mao, Rong; Wang, Jing; Cottrell, Lesley; Harris, Carole; Stanton, Bonita

2004-12-01

Data from 2,153 sexually active rural-to-urban migrants in China were analyzed to examine the relationship between the movement of rural-to-urban migration and increased HIV/STD (sexually transmitted disease) risk and the applicability of constructs of a Western-based theory of behavioral change to the study population. Measurements included migrant mobility, sexual risk, and the seven constructs of the protection motivation theory (PMT). Data in the current study suggest that high mobility among rural-to-urban migrants was associated with increased sexual risk. The PMT constructs are applicable in identifying perceptions and attitudes associated with sexual risk behaviors in this culturally distinct population. Increased sexual risk was associated with increased perceptions of extrinsic rewards, intrinsic rewards, and response cost. Also consistent with PMT, increased sexual risk was associated with perceptions of decreased severity, vulnerability, response efficacy, and self-efficacy. After controlling for a number of key confounding factors, all seven PMT constructs were associated with sexual risk in the manner posited by the theory. The association between mobility and sexual risk underscores the importance of effective HIV/STD prevention efforts among this vulnerable population. The social cognitive theories including the PMT may form a logical base for prevention intervention programs targeting rural-to-urban migrants in China.

Experience of migrant care and needs for cultural competence training among public health workers in Korea.

PubMed

Chae, Duckhee; Lee, Jina; Asami, Keiko; Kim, Hyunlye

2018-05-01

This study explored the experiences of public health workers (PHWs) providing health care for migrants living in Korea and clarified needs for cultural competence training. Twenty-six PHWs from five public health centers in Gwangju city, South Korea, participated in this exploratory qualitative study. Five semi-structured focus group interviews of PHWs were conducted from September to December 2016. A directed content analysis approach was conducted using four categories: perceived characteristics of migrants, interaction between PHWs and migrants, interaction between PHWs and organizations/systems, and cultural competence training needs. PHWs perceived that migrants lacked autonomy in health decisions and awareness of health behaviors. PHWs experienced difficulties in communicating and in establishing trusting relationships. They found clients hard to reach and easy to miss, a lack of continuity in health care programs, and inadequate human and material resources. They preferred passive teaching methods to activity-based simulation. PHWs believed essential training should be provided through e-learning to all PHWs, including management. PHWs reported experiencing multiple challenges from a lack of preparedness for culturally competent care and their clients' vulnerability. Development of cultural competence training is suggested through e-learning that reflects the PHWs' experiences and provides systematic support. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Participatory Research Challenges in Drug Abuse Studies Among Transnational Mexican Migrants

PubMed Central

Garcia, Victor; Gonzalez, Laura

2011-01-01

Participatory research is essential in public health studies, but using this methodology to examine sensitive public health problems among vulnerable populations is a challenge. We share some of our trials and tribulations in attempting to use participatory research in our substance abuse studies among transnational Mexican migrants in southeastern Pennsylvania. Major challenges did not permit partnerships across the community in all phases of research, including the dissemination of findings. Especially difficult was including transnational migrants and nearby relatives as partners in the research, similar to partnerships created with others in the community. The sensitive nature of our research and associated human subject concerns did not permit a more participatory methodology. Another problem involved partnerships with members of the larger community, given the apathy and ambivalence towards drug use by transnational migrants. Finally, collaborating with community stakeholders to develop and implement research-based recommendations was also problematic. As we learned, there are more to generating substance abuse recommendations in partnership with stakeholders than simply working together on recommendations, which also require an effective implementation strategy. Based on these experiences, we elaborate useful suggestions in development and application of local-level programs aimed at curtailing substance abuse among transnational migrant workers while they are at their work sites in Pennsylvania. PMID:22003376

Domestic returns from investment in the control of tuberculosis in other countries.

PubMed

Schwartzman, Kevin; Oxlade, Olivia; Barr, R Graham; Grimard, Franque; Acosta, Ivelisse; Baez, Jeannette; Ferreira, Elizabeth; Melgen, Ricardo Elías; Morose, Willy; Salgado, Arturo Cruz; Jacquet, Vary; Maloney, Susan; Laserson, Kayla; Mendez, Ariel Pablos; Menzies, Dick

2005-09-08

We hypothesized that investments to improve the control of tuberculosis in selected high-incidence countries would prove to be cost saving for the United States by reducing the incidence of the disease among migrants. Using decision analysis, we estimated tuberculosis-related morbidity, mortality, and costs among legal immigrants and refugees, undocumented migrants, and temporary visitors from Mexico after their entry into the United States. We assessed the current strategy of radiographic screening of legal immigrants plus current tuberculosis-control programs alone and with the addition of either U.S.-funded expansion of the strategy of directly observed treatment, short course (DOTS), in Mexico or tuberculin skin testing to screen legal immigrants from Mexico. We also examined tuberculosis-related outcomes among migrants from Haiti and the Dominican Republic using the same three strategies. As compared with the current strategy, expanding the DOTS program in Mexico at a cost to the United States of 34.9 million dollars would result in 2591 fewer cases of tuberculosis in the United States, with 349 fewer deaths from the disease and net discounted savings of 108 million dollars over a 20-year period. Adding tuberculin skin testing to radiographic screening of legal immigrants from Mexico would result in 401 fewer cases of tuberculosis in the United States but would cost an additional 329 million dollars. Expansion of the DOTS program would remain cost saving even if the initial investment were doubled, if the United States paid for all antituberculosis drugs in Mexico, or if the decline in the incidence of tuberculosis in Mexico was less than projected. A 9.4 million dollars investment to expand the DOTS program in Haiti and the Dominican Republic would result in net U.S. savings of 20 million dollars over a 20-year period. U.S.-funded efforts to expand the DOTS program in Mexico, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic could reduce tuberculosis-related morbidity and mortality among migrants to the United States, producing net cost savings for the United States. Copyright 2005 Massachusetts Medical Society.

Migrant women’s experiences, meanings and ways of dealing with postnatal depression: A meta-ethnographic study

PubMed Central

Black, Emma; Naidoo, Norell; Dahlen, Hannah G.; Liamputtong, Pranee

2017-01-01

Aim To conduct a meta-ethnographic study of the experiences, meanings and ways of ‘dealing with’ symptoms or a diagnosis of postnatal depression amongst migrant women living in high income countries. Background Prevalence of postnatal depression is highest amongst women who are migrants. Yet many women do not seek help for their symptoms and health services do not always respond appropriately to migrant women’s needs. Studies have reported migrant women’s experiences of postnatal depression and it is timely to synthesise findings from these studies to understand how services can be improved. Design A meta-ethnographic synthesis of 12 studies reported in 15 papers Data sources Five databases were searched for papers published between January 1999 and February 2016 Review methods The quality of included studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool. The synthesis process was guided by the seven steps of meta-ethnography outlined by Noblit and Hare. Findings Four key metaphors were identified: “I am alone, worried and angry—this is not me!”; ‘Making sense of my feelings’ ‘Dealing with my feelings’ and ‘What I need to change the way I feel!’. Primarily women related their feelings to their position as a migrant and as women, often living in poor socio-economic circumstances and they were exhausted keeping up with expected commitments. Many women were resourceful, drawing on their personal strengths and family / community resources. All the studies reported that women experienced difficulties in accessing appropriate services. Conclusion The meta-ethnographic study demonstrates the impact of migration on perinatal mental health, particularly for women lacking family support, who have no employment, a precarious migration status and/or relationship conflict. Migrant women are resourceful and this requires support through appropriate services. Further research is needed to evaluate effective support strategies for migrant women in the perinatal period. PMID:28296887

20 CFR 633.319 - Lobbying, political activities and unionization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Lobbying, political activities and unionization. 633.319 Section 633.319 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.319...

20 CFR 633.307 - Packages of benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Packages of benefits. 633.307 Section 633.307 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.307 Packages of benefits. (a) Where...

Migrant Nurses and Federal Caregiver Programs in Canada: Migration and Health Human Resources Paradox.

PubMed

Salami, Bukola

2016-06-01

Despite the links between health human resources policy, immigration policy, and education policy, silos persist in the policy-making process that complicate the professional integration of internationally educated nurses in Canada. Drawing on the literature on nurse migration to Canada through the Live-in Caregiver Program, this paper sheds light on the contradictions between immigration and health human resources policy and their effect on the integration of internationally educated nurses in Canada. The analysis reveals a series of paradoxes within and across immigration and health human resources policy that affect the process of professional integration of this group of health professionals into the nursing workforce in Canada. I will further link the discussion to the recently implemented Caregiver Program, which provides a unique pathway for healthcare workers, including nurses, to migrate to Canada. Given recent introduction of the Canadian Caregiver Program, major policy implications include the need to bridge the gap between health human resources policy and immigration policy to ensure the maximum integration of migrant nurses in Canada.

A TWO-WAY ROAD: RATES OF HIV INFECTION AND BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTORS AMONG DEPORTED MEXICAN LABOR MIGRANTS

PubMed Central

Rangel, M. Gudelia; Martinez-Donate, Ana P.; Hovell, Melbourne; Sipan, Carol L.; Zellner, Jennifer A.; Gonzalez-Fagoaga, Eduardo; Kelley, Norma J.; Asadi-Gonzalez, Ahmed; Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina; Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos

2012-01-01

A large number of Mexican migrants are deported to Mexico and released in the North Mexican border region every year. Despite their volume and high vulnerability, little is known about the level of HIV infection and related risk behaviors among this hard-to-reach population. We conducted a cross-sectional, probability survey with deported Mexican migrants in Tijuana, Mexico (N=693) and estimated levels of HIV infection and behavioral risk factors among this migrant flow. The sample and population estimated rates of HIV for deported males were 1.23% and 0.80%, respectively. No positive cases were found among the female sample. We found high lifetime rates of reported sexually transmitted infections (22.3%) and last 12-months rates of unprotected sex (63.0%), sex with multiple sexual partners (18.1%), casual partners (25.7%), and sex workers (8.6%), compared to U.S. and Mexico adults. HIV prevention, testing, and treatment programs for this large, vulnerable, and transnational population need to be implemented in both the U.S. and Mexico. PMID:22562390

The Social Constructions of Sexuality: Marital Infidelity and Sexually Transmitted Disease–HIV Risk in a Mexican Migrant Community

PubMed Central

Hirsch, Jennifer S.; Higgins, Jennifer; Bentley, Margaret E.; Nathanson, Constance A.

2002-01-01

Objectives. This article explores the social context of the migration-related HIV epidemic in western Mexico. Methods. Data collection involved life histories and participant observation with migrant women in Atlanta and their sisters or sisters-in-law in Mexico. Results. Both younger and older women acknowledged that migrant men’s sexual behavior may expose them to HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.Younger Mexican women in both communities expressed a marital ideal characterized by mutual intimacy, communication, joint decisionmaking, and sexual pleasure, but not by willingness to use condoms as an HIV prevention strategy. Conclusions. Migrant Mexican women’s commitment to an illusion of fidelity will hinder HIV prevention initiatives targeted toward them. Furthermore, the changing meanings of marital sex may make it harder to convince young couples to use condoms as an HIV prevention strategy. If the chain of heterosexual marital HIV transmission is to be interrupted in this community, prevention programs must target men. (Am J Public Health. 2002;92:1227–1237) PMID:12144974

Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (TTP) for Migrant Camp Operations

DTIC Science & Technology

1995-04-15

interchangeable and, therefore, usually do not degrade a combat unit if tasked to deploy independently. Also, the Air Force frequently tasks composite...Prime BEEF teams from multiple bases rather than degrade a combat unit’s capabilities. (2) Horizontal construction capabilities, usually airfield or...special understanding and sympathy. They should receive all necessary assistance, and they should not be subject to cruel , inhumane, or degrading

34 CFR 200.88 - Exclusion of supplemental State and local funds from supplement, not supplant and comparability...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... EDUCATION TITLE I-IMPROVING THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF THE DISADVANTAGED Migrant Education Program § 200.88... migratory children, as defined in section 1309 of the ESEA. (2) The program is based on performance targets... these requirements. (4) The grantee monitors program performance to ensure that these requirements are...

20 CFR 633.308 - Non-Federal status of participants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Non-Federal status of participants. 633.308 Section 633.308 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.308 Non-Federal...

Conclusions, Reflections, and Prospects for Future Research, Policy, and Programming

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clark-Kazak, Christina

2012-01-01

This concluding chapter draws together some of the key themes from the contributions and proposes some recommended areas for future research, policy, and programming. It highlights the artificiality of categorization processes related to both migration and childhood that independent child migrants encounter, and problematizes the…

Interpretive policy analysis: Marshallese COFA migrants and the Affordable Care Act.

PubMed

McElfish, Pearl Anna; Purvis, Rachel S; Maskarinec, Gregory G; Bing, Williamina Ioanna; Jacob, Christopher J; Ritok-Lakien, Mandy; Rubon-Chutaro, Jellesen; Lang, Sharlynn; Mamis, Sammie; Riklon, Sheldon

2016-06-11

Since the enactment of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), the rate of uninsured in the United States has declined significantly. However, not all legal residents have benefited equally. As part of a community-based participatory research (CBPR) partnership with the Marshallese community, an interpretative policy analysis research project was conducted to document Marshallese Compact of Free Association (COFA) migrants' understanding and experiences regarding the ACA and related health policies. This article is structured to allow the voice of Marshallese COFA migrants to explain their understanding and interpretation of the ACA and related polices on their health in their own words. Qualitative data was collected from 48 participants in five focus groups conducted at the local community center and three individual interviews for those unable to attend the focus groups. Marshallese community co-investigators participated throughout the research and writing process to ensure that cultural context and nuances in meaning were accurately captured and presented. Community co-investigators assisted with the development of the semi-structured interview guide, facilitated focus groups, and participated in qualitative data analysis. Content analysis revealed six consistent themes across all focus groups and individual interviews that include: understanding, experiences, effect on health, relational/historical lenses, economic contribution, and pleas. Working with Marshallese community co-investigators, we selected quotations that most represented the participants' collective experiences. The Marshallese view the ACA and their lack of coverage as part of the broader relationship between the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) and the United States. The Marshallese state that they have honored the COFA relationship, and they believe the United States is failing to meet its obligations of care and support outlined in the COFA. While the ACA and Medicaid Expansion have reduced the national uninsured rate, Marshallese COFA migrants have not benefited equally from this policy. The lack of healthcare coverage for the Marshallese COFA migrants exacerbates the health disparities this underserved population faces. This article is an important contribution to researchers because it presents the Marshallese's interpretation of the policy, which will help inform policy makers that are working to improve Marshallese COFA migrant health.

Philippine migration policy: dilemmas of a crisis.

PubMed

Battistella, G

1999-04-01

Philippine migration policy is traced from the early 1970s to the present. The main migration trends in the 1990s are described. An assessment is made of the efficacy and appropriateness of present migration policy in light of the economic crisis. A regional approach to migration policy is necessary in order to encourage placing migration as a greater priority on national agendas and in bilateral agreements. In the Philippines, migrants are considered better paid workers, which diminishes their importance as a legislative or program priority. Santo Tomas (1998) conducted an empirical assessment of migration policies in the Philippines, but refinement is needed. Although migration is a transnational experience, there is little dialogue and cooperation among countries. Philippine migration policy defines its role as an information resource for migrants. Policy shifted from labor export to migrant management in the public and private sectors. Predeparture information program studies are recommending a multi-stage process that would involve all appropriate parties. There is talk of including migration information in the education curriculum. There are a variety of agendas, competing interests, and information resources between migration networks and officiating agencies. The Asian financial crisis may have a mild impact, but there are still issues of reintegration, protection, and employment conditions

HIV-Risk Behavior Among the Male Migrant Factory Workers in a North Indian City

PubMed Central

Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi; Goswami, Kiran; Rai, Sanjay K.; Misra, Puneet; Kant, Shashi

2015-01-01

Background: Male migrants act as a bridge for transmitting infection from core risk groups to general population and hence this group becomes essential for the HIV control program. Migrant workers constitute a large proportion of workforce in India and HIV/AIDS epidemic in them would cause huge economic losses. Objectives: The aim of this study was to ascertain the HIV-risk behavior among male migrant factory workers. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional facility based survey conducted in 2011. Male migrant workers aged ≥18 years, who were born outside Haryana, who had moved to current location after 15 years of age, who had worked in the current factory for at least one year, who were willing to participate and able to give valid consent were eligible. A consecutive sampling was done. Descriptive, bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were done. Results: A total of 755 male subjects completed the interview. About 21.5% had experienced non-spousal sexual intercourse in last one year. Nearly 60% did not use a condom at the last non-spousal sex. Factors associated with recent non-spousal sex were being unmarried, younger age at migration, recent migration to Haryana, greater number of places migrated and lesser total duration of migration and those associated with non-use of condom at the last non-spousal sex were older age, lower education, lesser number of places migrated and lower level of HIV/AIDS knowledge. Conclusion: Unprotected, recent non-spousal sex was common among male migrants, which could increase their HIV/AIDS vulnerability. PMID:25861172

False hope: effects of social class and health policy on oral health inequalities for migrant farmworker families.

PubMed

Castañeda, Heide; Carrion, Iraida V; Kline, Nolan; Tyson, Dinorah Martinez

2010-12-01

Few studies have engaged issues of social class and access related to dental health care policy from an ethnographic perspective. The state of Florida in the US has one of the poorest records in the nation for providing dental care for low-income children, falling especially short for Medicaid-enrolled children. In this paper, we discuss unmet dental health needs of children in migrant farmworker families. Although one of the most marginalized populations, most are eligible for Medicaid and are thus covered for dental services. However, serious disparities have been linked to the lack of access through the public insurance system. This study was informed by participant observation at dental clinics and a Migrant Head Start Center and interviews with dental health providers (n = 19) and migrant farmworker parents (n = 48) during 2009. Our results indicate that some typical factors associated with poor oral health outcomes, such as low dental health literacy, may not apply disproportionately to this population. Instead, we argue that structural features and ineffective policies contribute to oral health care disparities. Dental Medicaid programs are chronically underfunded, resulting in low reimbursement rates, low provider participation, and a severe distribution shortage of dentists within poor communities. We characterize the situation for families in Florida as one of "false hope" because of the promise of services with neither adequate resources nor the urgency to provide them. The resulting system of charity care, which leads dentists to provide pro bono care instead of accepting Medicaid, serves to only further persistent inequalities. We provide several recommendations, including migrant-specific efforts such as programs for sealants and new mothers; improvements to the current system by removing obstacles for dentists to treat low-income children; and innovative models to provide comprehensive care and increase the number of providers. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Easing the Transition from Preschool to Kindergarten.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waxler, Trellis; And Others

1990-01-01

Describes two Head Start projects designed to make the transition from preschool to kindergarten less stressful for Head Start children and their families. Programs are the Mille Lacs Reservation Head Start program in Minnesota and the East Coast Migrant Head Start project in Fort Pierce, Florida. Project evaluations are summarized. (BB)

20 CFR 633.322 - Sanctions for violation of the Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Sanctions for violation of the Act. 633.322 Section 633.322 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MIGRANT AND SEASONAL FARMWORKER PROGRAMS Program Design and Administrative Procedures § 633.322 Sanctions for...

Evaluation of the Fredonia Outreach Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mohan, Madan; And Others

Purpose of the program was to provide each migrant child the educational treatment that would be most effective in developing his potential. Consisting of a reading component which provided remedial reading instruction using tutors, and the LEAD (Learn, Experience, and Develop) component which involved parents and the community in bringing about…

Growth and Nutritional Status of Migrant Farmworker Preschool Children: Are the Programs Working?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCracken, Robert D.

1978-01-01

Data on height, weight, and head circumference collected from 904 preschool-aged children of Mexican American farmworkers, enrolled in a Headstart/Daycare program in Colorado, revealed significant clusterings of children in the lower percentiles on all measures of growth at all ages above six months. (NQ)

Longitudinal Study of Effects of Selected Employment and Training Services on Migrants and Other Seasonal Farmworkers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berry, Dale

1979-01-01

Post-program labor force experiences of farmworkers receiving nonagricultural employment and training services from the CETA Title III farmworker program in 1975 were studied. Available from Farmworker Data Network, 7905 W. 44th, Wheat Ridge, Colorado 80033 ($12.00). (SB)

Culturally Adaptive Walking Intervention for Korean-Chinese Female Migrant Workers.

PubMed

Cho, Sunghye; Lee, Hyeonkyeong; Kim, Jung Hee; Lee, Meenhye; Lee, Young-Me

2017-05-01

Although the literature has commonly cited that development of culturally adaptive interventions is key to improving the health outcomes of culturally and linguistically diverse populations, there have been limited culturally adaptive walking interventions specific to Korean-Chinese (KC) migrants. The objective of this study is to describe the process in development of culturally adaptive walking interventions for KC female migrant workers, using the intervention mapping (IM) method. The culturally adaptive walking intervention was developed using the IM method, which is a stepwise theory and evidence-based approach for planning interventions. The IM method process has six steps, including needs assessment, formulation of change objectives, selection of theory-based methods and practical strategies, development of an intervention program, development of an adoption and implementation plan, and development of an evaluation design. The determinants of walking behavior, including knowledge, self-efficacy, social support, and acculturation, were identified through an extensive literature review, community leader interviews, and a survey of female KC migrant workers. Appropriate intervention methods and strategies were identified based on relevant theories. Acculturation was a determinant of exercise behavior, and various methods to improve cultural adaptation were identified in the context of the lifestyles and working environments of the target population. The IM method provided a foundation for creating a health intervention for KC female migrant workers. This method could easily be useful for health care providers working with other groups.

HIV risk and sexual health among female migrants in China.

PubMed

Huang, Wen; Dong, Yanyan; Chen, Lin; Song, Dandan; Wang, Jun; Tao, Haidong; Zaller, Nickolas; Zhang, Hongbo; Operario, Don

2016-09-01

Sexual behavior is the dominant mode of HIV transmission in China, and young female migrants are among the populations at highest risk. This article examines how HIV-related risk behaviors among female migrants might vary according to workplace settings. Participants were young female migrants recruited from three workplace settings-factories, restaurants and entertainment venues. In a cross-sectional survey, we assessed 457 participants' sociodemographic characteristics, HIV/AIDS-related knowledge, condom use knowledge, sexual behaviors, condom use behavior and reproductive health factors. Participants working in entertainment venues were significantly more likely than those working in factories and restaurants to report sexual behavior, unprotected sex, multiple pregnancy terminations and sexually transmitted infections (STI). However, participants working in factories and restaurants reported significantly lower levels of HIV/AIDS knowledge, condom use knowledge, condom use self-efficacy and history of HIV/AIDS counseling and testing. Independent correlates of unprotected sex included employment in an entertainment venue, abortion history and sexual self-efficacy. Independent correlates of STI or genitourinary tract infection included employment in an entertainment venue, abortion history, recent migration and recent unprotected sex. These findings indicate a need for sexual and reproductive health interventions prioritizing young female migrants, and call for programs that can be incorporated into different workplace settings. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Molecular-Assisted Pollen Grain Analysis Reveals Spatiotemporal Origin of Long-Distance Migrants of a Noctuid Moth

PubMed Central

Chang, Hong; Guo, Jianglong; Fu, Xiaowei; Liu, Yongqiang; Wyckhuys, Kris A. G.; Hou, Youming

2018-01-01

Pollen grains are regularly used as markers to determine an insect’s movement patterns or host (plant) feeding behavior, yet conventional morphology-based pollen grain analysis (or palynology) encounters a number of important limitations. In the present study, we combine conventional analytical approaches with DNA meta-barcoding to identify pollen grains attached to migrating adults of the turnip moth, Agrotis segetum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Northeast China. More specifically, pollen grains were dislodged from 2566 A. segetum long-distance migrants captured on Beihuang Island (Bohai Sea) and identified to many (plant) species level. Pollen belonged to 26 families of plants, including Fagaceae, Oleaceae, Leguminosae, Asteraceae, Pinaceae and Rosaceae, including common species such as Citrus sinensis, Olea europaea, Ligustrum lucidum, Robinia pseudoacacia, Castanopsis echinocarpa, Melia azedarach and Castanea henryi. As the above plants are indigenous to southern climes, we deduce that A. segetum forage on plants in those locales prior to engaging in northward spring migration. Our work validates the use of DNA-assisted approaches in lepidopteran pollination ecology research and provides unique and valuable information on the adult feeding range and geographical origin of A. segetum. Our findings also enable targeted (area-wide) pest management interventions or guide the future isolation of volatile attractants. PMID:29438348

Financial and Emotional Support in Close Personal Ties among Central Asian Migrant Women in Russia.

PubMed

Kornienko, Olga; Agadjanian, Victor; Menjívar, Cecilia; Zotova, Natalia

2018-05-01

This study advances research on the role of personal networks as sources of financial and emotional support in immigrants' close personal ties beyond the immediate family. Because resource scarcity experienced by members of immigrant communities is likely to disrupt normatively expected reciprocal support, we explored multi-level predictors of exchange processes with personal network members that involve (1) only receiving support, (2) only providing support, and (3) reciprocal support exchanges. We focus on an understudied case of Central Asian migrant women in the Russian Federation using a sample of 607 women from three ethnic groups-Kyrgyz, Tajik, Uzbek-who were surveyed in two large Russian cities-Nizhny Novgorod and Kazan. The survey collected information on respondents' demographic, socioeconomic, and migration-related characteristics, as well as characteristics of up to five individuals with whom they had a close relationship. Multi-level multinomial regression analyses were used to account for the nested nature of the data. Our results revealed that closer social relationships (siblings and friends) and greater levels of resources (income and regularized legal status) at both ego and alter levels were positively related to providing, receiving, and reciprocally exchanging financial and emotional support. Egos were more likely to provide financial assistance to transnational alters, whereas they were more likely to engage in mutual exchanges of emotional support with their network members from other countries. Personal network size and density showed no relationship with support exchanges. These findings provide a nuanced picture of close personal ties as conduits for financial and emotional support in migrant communities in a major, yet understudied, migrant-receiving context.

[Health care access of Sub-Saharan African migrants living with chronic hepatitis B].

PubMed

Vignier, Nicolas; Spira, Rosemary Dray; Lert, France; Pannetier, Julie; Ravalihasy, Andrainolo; Gosselin, Anne; Lydié, Nathalie; Bouchaud, Olivier; Desgrées du Loû, Annabel

2017-07-10

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse health care access of Sub-Saharan African migrants living with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in France. Methods: The ANRS-Parcours survey was a life-event survey conducted in 2012-2013 among Sub-Saharan African migrants recruited by health care facilities managing CHB in the Paris region. Data were collected by face-to-face interview using a biographical grid and a standardized questionnaire. Results: 96.4% of the 619 participants basic health insurance coverage with CMU universal health insurance coverage in 18.6% of cases and AME state medical assistance in 23.4% of cases. One-third of basic health insurance beneficiaries did not have any complementary health insurance and 75.7% had long-term disease status. The median time to acquisition of health insurance cover after arrival in France was one year. 22.0% of participants reported delaying health care for financial reasons since their arrival in France and 9.7% reported being refused health care usually due to refusal of CMU or AME. Health care access was effective within one year of the diagnosis. Delayed health care access was more common among people without health insurance coverage in the year of diagnosis. Patients lost to follow-up for more than 12 months were rare. Conclusion: Sub-Saharan African migrants living with chronic hepatitis B rapidly access health insurance coverage and health care. However, barriers to health care access persist for some people, essentially due to absent or incomplete health insurance cover and refusal of care for AME or CMU beneficiaries.

Abnormal pap tests among women living in a Hispanic migrant farmworker community: A narrative of health literacy.

PubMed

Vamos, Cheryl A; Lockhart, Elizabeth; Vázquez-Otero, Coralia; Thompson, Erika L; Proctor, Sara; Wells, Kristen J; Daley, Ellen M

2016-08-01

This study explored narrative responses following abnormal Pap tests among Hispanic migrant farmworkers ( N = 18; ages 22-50 years) via in-depth interviews in Florida. Qualitative analyses utilized health literacy domains (obtain/process/understand/communicate) as a conceptual framework. Participants described how they (1) obtained information about getting a Pap test, (2) processed positive and negative reactions following results, (3) understood results and recommended health-promoting behaviors, and (4) communicated and received social support. Women had disparate reactions and understanding following an abnormal Pap result. Health literacy was a meaningful conceptual framework to understand assets and gaps among women receiving an abnormal Pap test result. Future interventions should incorporate health literacy domains and facilitate patient-provider communications and social support to assist women in decision-making and health-promoting behaviors, ultimately decreasing cancer disparities.

Aggression Among Male Migrant Farmworkers Living in Camps in Eastern North Carolina.

PubMed

Kraemer Diaz, Anne E; Weir, Maria M; Isom, Scott; Quandt, Sara A; Chen, Haiying; Arcury, Thomas A

2016-06-01

The living and working arrangements of migrant farmworkers in North Carolina are shaped by grower provided housing, codified by the US Department of Labor's H-2A temporary worker program. Growers typically dictate all facets about residences, living conditions, and even food acquirements. Farmworker camps likely contribute to aggression because of the forced relationships among a small group of people that live, work and recreate together for extended time periods. Participants in the study consisted of 371 farmworkers living in 183 camps. The Revised Conflict Tactics Scale was used to assess aggression among migrant farmworkers. Results indicated that aggressive acts were prevalent among the farmworkers, but the frequency of aggressive acts was low. The most common aggressive act was minor psychological aggression. Results also indicated that alcohol misuse was a common characteristic for both victims and perpetrators and the majority of aggressive acts occurred later in the agricultural season.

Drug use and HIV risks among migrant workers on the DelMarVa Peninsula.

PubMed

Inciardi, J A; Surratt, H L; Colón, H M; Chitwood, D D; Rivers, J E

1999-01-01

Because high rates of drug use have been documented in the migrant farm worker population, the National Institute on Drug Abuse funded the Migrant Health Study to examine HIV risk behaviors among drug-using farm workers and their sexual partners. Many of these individuals were home-based in South Florida and migrated during the work season to various points along the Eastern Migratory Stream. The focus of this paper is a description of the characteristics and behaviors of the 151 respondents contacted on the DelMarVa Peninsula during 1994 and 1995. The data indicate that drug use was widespread in this population, a significant proportion were at risk for HIV infection, and 6% were HIV positive. As a result of these findings, public health agencies on the peninsula have instituted HIV education programs in those clinics utilized by both local and transient agricultural workers.

Poverty relief and development by way of out-immigration: new opportunities for women's participation in development.

PubMed

Wei, H; Bai, J

1997-01-01

This article discusses patterns of female migration out of Gansu province in China and the causes of women's problems in migration. China is initiating a relocation project for moving 200,000 people from poverty areas in central south Gansu province to the Shule River Basin in Jiuquan Prefecture of Gansu. The study provides findings from a migrant survey. Destination and origin areas differed in educational attainment. Occupations varied by gender. The ratio of men to women in all salaried occupations varied between origin and destination areas. 96.41% in the origin areas and 55.31% in the destination areas were women farmers. During 1985-90, 50,902 persons moved to destination areas, of which 24,181 (47.51%) were female. Women's movements were related to marriage and family reunification. Men migrated due to job transfers or employment and business opportunities. About 610,000 people were interested in migrating to the Shule River Valley. 46.67% of female migrants in the destination area indicated that they had no say in decision making concerning the move; in the origin areas only 32.02% had no say. Female migrants in the destination area arrived 3-9 years ago. Women in the destination area had more skills than women in origin areas. "Finding a way out" was the major reason for migration in both destination and origin areas. Origin areas had more migrants who moved due to landlessness. 26.67% of women returned for visits to the origin areas. Few men or women participated in premigration programs; but, following migration, 63% of women and 86% of men were attracted to education programs. Most desired technical programs. Many women suffered from low educational status, low employment, premature marriage, and early childbearing. These problems were due to a backward economy, traditional values, women's personal characteristics, excessive childbearing, reforms, and the market economy.

Meeting a Binational Research Challenge: Substance Abuse Among Transnational Mexican Farmworkers in the United States

PubMed Central

Garcia, Victor

2011-01-01

To help in understanding the manner in which community, individual, and other factors in the United States and Mexico contribute to drug use among transnational migrants, this paper introduces a binational social ecology model of substance abuse in this population. We draw on our 2 NIH-funded ethnographic studies—1 on problem drinking and the other on drug abuse—among transnational Mexican workers in the mushroom industry of southeastern Pennsylvania. Our model demonstrates that major reasons for substance abuse among transnational migrants include nontraditional living arrangements in labor camps and overcrowded apartments, the absence of kin and community deterrents to drug use, social isolation, the presence of drug use and binge drinking subcultures, the availability of drugs, family history of drugs, previous drug use or witnessing of drug use in Mexico, and drug use norms and drug availability in Mexico. It suggests the need for US and Mexican researchers to collaborate in binational teams and address factors on both sides of the border. Our binational social ecology model, together with our research recommendations, will assist alcohol and drug researchers to discover how community and individual factors in both the United States and abroad fit and interact beyond mere association and provide a more comprehensive research approach to substance abuse research among transnational migrants. PMID:18237326

'Between a rock and a hard place': applied anthropology and AIDS research on a commercial farm in Zambia.

PubMed

Bond, V

1997-01-01

Fieldwork on a commercial farm in southern Zambia, which was aimed at designing an HIV prevention program for farm workers, gradually exposed the nature of sexual liaisons between young girls, coming to work on the farm from the surrounding villages, and older migrant men workers. Before completing fieldwork, the anthropologist voiced her concern about the implications of these liaisons for the spread of STDs and HIV with the local rural community, farm management and farm workers. The immediate outcome of her intercessions was the decision by management to sack under-age workers. Although some members of the local community, including local research assistants, and some managers and workers welcomed this decision, others were angered by it. Caught between interest groups and conflicting guidelines, the anthropologist, it is argued, was in a no-win situation, 'between a rock and a hard place'. The paper proposes that the application of anthropological ethics in AIDS research needs some re-evaluation.

A qualitative case study of child protection issues in the Indian construction industry: investigating the security, health, and interrelated rights of migrant families

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background Many of India’s estimated 40 million migrant workers in the construction industry migrate with their children. Though India is undergoing rapid economic growth, numerous child protection issues remain. Migrant workers and their children face serious threats to their health, safety, and well-being. We examined risk and protective factors influencing the basic rights and protections of children and families living and working at a construction site outside Delhi. Methods Using case study methods and a rights-based model of child protection, the SAFE model, we triangulated data from in-depth interviews with stakeholders on and near the site (including employees, middlemen, and managers); 14 participants, interviews with child protection and corporate policy experts in greater Delhi (8 participants), and focus group discussions (FGD) with workers (4 FGDs, 25 members) and their children (2 FGDs, 9 members). Results Analyses illuminated complex and interrelated stressors characterizing the health and well-being of migrant workers and their children in urban settings. These included limited access to healthcare, few educational opportunities, piecemeal wages, and unsafe or unsanitary living and working conditions. Analyses also identified both protective and potentially dangerous survival strategies, such as child labor, undertaken by migrant families in the face of these challenges. Conclusions By exploring the risks faced by migrant workers and their children in the urban construction industry in India, we illustrate the alarming implications for their health, safety, livelihoods, and development. Our findings, illuminated through the SAFE model, call attention to the need for enhanced systems of corporate and government accountability as well as the implementation of holistic child-focused and child-friendly policies and programs in order to ensure the rights and protection of this hyper-mobile, and often invisible, population. PMID:24044788

Prevalence rates of six selected infectious diseases among African migrants and refugees: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PubMed

Chernet, A; Utzinger, J; Sydow, V; Probst-Hensch, N; Paris, D H; Labhardt, N D; Neumayr, A

2018-04-01

The objective of this paper was to systematically review the literature on the prevalence of selected infectious diseases among migrants/refugees of African origin and to provide policy makers and health care professionals with evidence-based information. We pursued a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prevalence of six selected infectious diseases (i.e., syphilis, helminthiasis, schistosomiasis, intestinal protozoa infections, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C) among migrants/refugees of African origin. Three electronic databases (i.e., PubMed, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science) were searched without language restrictions. Relevant data were extracted and random-effects meta-analyses conducted. Only adjusted estimates were analyzed to help account for heterogeneity and potential confounding. We assessed the quality of evidence using the GRADE approach. The results were stratified by geographical region. Ninety-six studies were included. The evidence was of low quality due to the small numbers of countries, infectious diseases, and participants included. African migrants/refugees had median (with 95% confidence interval [95% CI]) prevalence for syphilis, helminthiasis, schistosomiasis, intestinal protozoa infection, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C of 6.0% [95% CI: 2.0-7.0%], 13.0% [95% CI: 9.5-14.5%], 14.0% [95% CI: 13.0-17.0%], 15.0% [95% CI: 10.5-21.0%], 10.0% [95% CI: 6.0-14.0%], and 3.0% [95% CI: 1.0-4.0%], respectively. We found high heterogeneity regardless of the disease (I 2 ; minimum 97.5%, maximum 99.7%). The relatively high prevalence of some infectious diseases among African migrants/refugees warrants for systematic screening. The large heterogeneity of the available published data does not allow for stratifying such screening programs according to the geographical origin of African migrants/refugees.

Sexual behavior and condom use among seasonal Dalit migrant laborers to India from Far West, Nepal: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Bam, Kiran; Thapa, Rajshree; Newman, Marielle Sophia; Bhatt, Lokesh Prasad; Bhatta, Shree Krishna

2013-01-01

Around 41% of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) cases in Nepal occur in seasonal migrant laborers. Dalit migrant laborers represent the largest proportion of reported HIV cases in the Far Western Region (Sudur Pashchimanchal, or Far West), Nepal. The study's objectives were to assess sexual behavior, condom use status and HIV risk perception among Dalit migrant laborers to India from Far West Region, Nepal. The study was conducted among Dalit male migrant laborers aged 15 years and above who had migrated for at least six months of the last two years to India. For the sampling the village development committees (VDCs) from Achham, Doti and Kanchanpur districts of Nepal were purposively selected. The data were collected in March and April 2011 via ten in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions and analyzed using content analysis. Poor socio-economic status, caste-related discrimination, and lack of employment opportunities push large groups of young Dalits to migrate to India for employment, where they engage in sex with female sex workers (FSWs). The participants described unmarried status, peer influence, alcohol use, low-priced sex with FSWs and unwillingness to use condoms as common factors of their migration experience. Lack of awareness on HIV/AIDS was common among study participants. Awareness of HIV/AIDS and faithful, monogamous partnerships are reported as factors influencing safer sexual behavior. Dalits are an especially vulnerable population among migrant laborers and may be over-represented in new HIV infections in Nepal. Comprehensive surveying and health promotion programs targeted to this population are urgently needed and potent methods of stopping HIV spread.

Sexual Behavior and Condom Use among Seasonal Dalit Migrant Laborers to India from Far West, Nepal: A Qualitative Study

PubMed Central

Bam, Kiran; Thapa, Rajshree; Newman, Marielle Sophia; Bhatt, Lokesh Prasad; Bhatta, Shree Krishna

2013-01-01

Background Around 41% of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) cases in Nepal occur in seasonal migrant laborers. Dalit migrant laborers represent the largest proportion of reported HIV cases in the Far Western Region (Sudur Pashchimanchal, or Far West), Nepal. The study’s objectives were to assess sexual behavior, condom use status and HIV risk perception among Dalit migrant laborers to India from Far West Region, Nepal. Methods The study was conducted among Dalit male migrant laborers aged 15 years and above who had migrated for at least six months of the last two years to India. For the sampling the village development committees (VDCs) from Achham, Doti and Kanchanpur districts of Nepal were purposively selected. The data were collected in March and April 2011 via ten in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions and analyzed using content analysis. Results Poor socio-economic status, caste-related discrimination, and lack of employment opportunities push large groups of young Dalits to migrate to India for employment, where they engage in sex with female sex workers (FSWs). The participants described unmarried status, peer influence, alcohol use, low-priced sex with FSWs and unwillingness to use condoms as common factors of their migration experience. Lack of awareness on HIV/AIDS was common among study participants. Awareness of HIV/AIDS and faithful, monogamous partnerships are reported as factors influencing safer sexual behavior. Conclusions Dalits are an especially vulnerable population among migrant laborers and may be over-represented in new HIV infections in Nepal. Comprehensive surveying and health promotion programs targeted to this population are urgently needed and potent methods of stopping HIV spread. PMID:24040359

Sex Differences in HIV Prevalence, Behavioral Risks and Prevention Needs Among Anglophone and Francophone Sub-Saharan African Migrants Living in Rabat, Morocco.

PubMed

Johnston, Lisa; Oumzil, Hicham; El Rhilani, Houssine; Latifi, Amina; Bennani, Aziza; Alami, Kamal

2016-04-01

Morocco has experienced a dramatic increase of migration from sub-Sahara Africa during the past decade. Recently included among the most vulnerable populations cited in the Morocco National Strategic Plans on HIV/TB for 2012-2016, sub-Saharan Africa migrants living in an irregular administrative situation participated in a survey to provide baseline data about their socio-demographic, sexual and HIV testing behaviors and HIV and syphilis prevalence. Two surveys using respondent driven sampling were conducted in 2013 among males and females, ≥18 years, originating from sub-Saharan African countries and living and/or working in an irregular administrative situation in Rabat and residing at least 3 months in Morocco. Analysis was conducted to evaluate differences between the two samples and between females and males within each sample using the successive sampling estimator in RDS Analyst. Roughly 3 % of francophone and anglophone migrants were infected with HIV, whereas a statistically significantly higher percentage of francophone (2.8 %), compared to anglophone (0.3 %), migrants were infected with syphilis. Females were found to have HIV infection rates three times higher and past year sexually transmitted infection signs and symptoms more than two times higher than their male counterparts. Female migrants also had statistically significantly higher percentages of ever testing for HIV and HIV testing and receiving results in the past year compared to males. We found distinct and important differences between migrants depending on whether they come from francophone versus anglophone countries and whether they were male or female. Future research should continue to explore these differences, while policies and programs should note these differences to best allocate resources in providing social and health services to these populations.

Transboundary conservation: An ecoregional approach to protect neotropical migratory birds in South America

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roca, Roberto; Adkins, Leslie; Wurschy, Maria Christina; Skerl, Kevin

1996-11-01

Future conservation efforts will need to transcend geopolitical boundaries in efforts to protect entire landscapes and ecosystems. Neotropical migratory birds are as a group a useful conservation tool for linking diverse landscapes and people due to their dependence on multiple habitats, sensitivity to habitat changes, and universal public appeal. The conservation of neotropical migrants can therefore function as a powerful hemispheric umbrella for ecosystem protection. Efforts to protect neotropical migratory birds on their nonbreeding grounds have traditionally been focused on Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. To assess the importance of South America to neotropical migrants, an ecoregional classification system was used to determine species distributions in the Andean/Southern Cone Region (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, and Venezuela). The occurrence of migrants in protected areas that are part of The Nature Conservancy's Parks in Peril program was also assessed. Of the 406 neotropical migrant species, nearly one third (132) occur as regular nonbreeding residents in the region and for almost half of these species (53), South America is their main nonbreeding ground. All Parks in Peril sites were found to harbor neotropical migrants. Forty-eight species (36%) have declining longterm North American Breeding Bird Survey population trends and/or high Partners in Flight concern scores and thus are of significant conservation concern. Most importantly, 29 species (22%) of conservation concern use South America as their primary nonbreeding ground, indicating a need for focused conservation action. The nature of the ecoregional approach used in this endeavor makes future prioritization of ecoregions and conservation strategies for neotropical migrants across national boundaries possible. The ability to link diverse landscapes using a common element such as migratory birds allows for unique transboundary partnerships and opportunities for habitat conservation, which support the goal of the Conservancy's new Migratory Bird Initiative.

A qualitative case study of child protection issues in the Indian construction industry: investigating the security, health, and interrelated rights of migrant families.

PubMed

Betancourt, Theresa S; Shaahinfar, Ashkon; Kellner, Sarah E; Dhavan, Nayana; Williams, Timothy P

2013-09-17

Many of India's estimated 40 million migrant workers in the construction industry migrate with their children. Though India is undergoing rapid economic growth, numerous child protection issues remain. Migrant workers and their children face serious threats to their health, safety, and well-being. We examined risk and protective factors influencing the basic rights and protections of children and families living and working at a construction site outside Delhi. Using case study methods and a rights-based model of child protection, the SAFE model, we triangulated data from in-depth interviews with stakeholders on and near the site (including employees, middlemen, and managers); 14 participants, interviews with child protection and corporate policy experts in greater Delhi (8 participants), and focus group discussions (FGD) with workers (4 FGDs, 25 members) and their children (2 FGDs, 9 members). Analyses illuminated complex and interrelated stressors characterizing the health and well-being of migrant workers and their children in urban settings. These included limited access to healthcare, few educational opportunities, piecemeal wages, and unsafe or unsanitary living and working conditions. Analyses also identified both protective and potentially dangerous survival strategies, such as child labor, undertaken by migrant families in the face of these challenges. By exploring the risks faced by migrant workers and their children in the urban construction industry in India, we illustrate the alarming implications for their health, safety, livelihoods, and development. Our findings, illuminated through the SAFE model, call attention to the need for enhanced systems of corporate and government accountability as well as the implementation of holistic child-focused and child-friendly policies and programs in order to ensure the rights and protection of this hyper-mobile, and often invisible, population.

F.A.C.E. Time (Families and Communities Educating): Accommodating Newcomers in Elementary School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cairo, Aminata; Sumney, Diane; Blackman, Jill; Joyner, Katie

2012-01-01

In American public schools refugees from overseas and Latino migrant children typically find themselves in English learning programs, usually designated as English as a Second Language (ESL), Limited English Proficiency (LEP), or English Language Learners (ELL) programs. Often, these children have received little, interrupted, or no prior…

34 CFR 200.84 - Responsibilities of SEAs for evaluating the effectiveness of the MEP.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Responsibilities of SEAs for evaluating the... ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF THE DISADVANTAGED Migrant Education Program § 200.84 Responsibilities of SEAs for evaluating the effectiveness of the MEP. Each SEA must determine the effectiveness of its program through a...

From Bus Stop to Farm Village: The Farm Worker Programme in Zimbabwe.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Auret, Diana

This book documents the history, successes, and failures of Save the Children's farmworker program in Zimbabwe, 1981-98. The report explores workers' past and present living and working conditions on commercial farms and describes how the program promoted a progression from workers with a migrant mentality to the building of functional…

Monitoring goals and programs of the Bureau of Land Management

Treesearch

Terrell D. Rich

1993-01-01

In 1991, the Bureau of Land Management wrote its Nongame Migratory Bird Habitat Conservation Plan to guide implementation of Partners In Flight objectives on 270 million acres of public land in the U.S. Inventory and monitoring of neotropical migrants are the most important program goals because few bird data are available over...

20 CFR 669.210 - How does an eligible entity become an NFJP grantee?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... LABOR (CONTINUED) NATIONAL FARMWORKER JOBS PROGRAM UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT The Service Delivery System for the National Farmworker Jobs Program § 669.210 How does an eligible entity... strategy for meeting the needs of eligible migrant and seasonal farmworkers in the geographic area the...

20 CFR 669.210 - How does an eligible entity become an NFJP grantee?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... LABOR (CONTINUED) NATIONAL FARMWORKER JOBS PROGRAM UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT The Service Delivery System for the National Farmworker Jobs Program § 669.210 How does an eligible entity... strategy for meeting the needs of eligible migrant and seasonal farmworkers in the geographic area the...

20 CFR 669.210 - How does an eligible entity become an NFJP grantee?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... LABOR NATIONAL FARMWORKER JOBS PROGRAM UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT The Service Delivery System for the National Farmworker Jobs Program § 669.210 How does an eligible entity become an... for meeting the needs of eligible migrant and seasonal farmworkers in the geographic area the entity...

20 CFR 669.210 - How does an eligible entity become an NFJP grantee?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... LABOR (CONTINUED) NATIONAL FARMWORKER JOBS PROGRAM UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT The Service Delivery System for the National Farmworker Jobs Program § 669.210 How does an eligible entity... strategy for meeting the needs of eligible migrant and seasonal farmworkers in the geographic area the...

Population ecology, habitat requirements, and conservation of neotropical migratory birds

Treesearch

Deborah M. Finch

1991-01-01

This report was prepared in support of the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation's Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Program and the USDA Forest Service's role in the program. Recent analyses of data on forest-dwelling species, many of which are neotropical migrants, show population declines in many North American areas. The literature review summarizes...

Exceptional Children Conference Papers: Environmental Influences in the Early Education of Migrant and Disadvantaged Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council for Exceptional Children, Arlington, VA.

Conference papers on early childhood education cover the following topics: individual variation among preschoolers in a cognitive intervention program in low income families presented by Phyllis Levenstein, programmatic research on disadvantaged youth and an ameliorative intervention program by Merle B. Karnes and others, special education and…

Explaining Australian immigration.

PubMed

Betts, K

1996-11-01

"This article reviews the post-Second World War literature on explanations for Australia's immigration program. It discovers three main schools of thought based on net pull factors: the official explanation and two unofficial explanations which focus on migrants as workers and on migrants as consumers. However the growing importance of net push factors after 1974 means that some of this work is less relevant today. Explanations focusing on net push factors have yet to cohere into a distinct perspective (or perspectives) but some research has been done on chain migration and family-based migration strategies, asylum seekers, temporary movement, and migration and the law." excerpt

Mobility and the spread of HIV / AIDS: a challenge to health promotion.

PubMed

Broring, G; Van Duifhuizen, R

1993-01-01

Mobility affects health because unfamiliar surroundings can cause people to take health risks which they may have avoided in their ordinary environments. The epidemiologic role of mobility in spreading communicable diseases is highlighted by the emergence of a new disease such as HIV infection. The path of HIV can actually be plotted on a map. The disease cannot be stopped at international borders, however, because this is an era of increasing international interdependency. Programs for HIV prevention must consider the mobility circumstance, whether the target population consists of permanent, temporary, or seasonal migrants, non-settling travellers, or involuntary refugees. The vulnerability of each group must be assessed in terms of such issues as exposure, socioeconomic status, and access to health care. Aspects of cultural background, such as language and concepts of sexuality, are important considerations for migrants, as are psychological factors for travellers (pleasure-seeking tourists and relaxation-seeking business travellers) and legal aspects and living conditions for refugees. To date, prevention programs in Brazil, India, Burkina, Faso, Kenya, and Tanzania have targeted truckers. Both national campaigns and specific projects have been addressed to travelers, with high acceptance achieved, for example, in Australia, and, for tourists, in Torbay, England. Migrant male and female prostitutes have been the focus of health services in western European cities in collaboration with the project "AIDS and Mobility." To succeed, collaboration in prevention programs must follow the disease across international borders and cooperation must extend throughout a network of agencies.

Farmer’s welfare in Telang’s integrated independent city: lesson learned from migrant and local farmers in tidal land, South Sumatera

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adriani, D.; Zahri, I.; Wildayana, E.; Maryadi; Hamzah, M.; Yulius

2018-02-01

Telang’s Independent Integrated City development is a model of tidal agricultural development through technological innovation to improve farmers’ welfare. In this area, the diversity of origin of population is also suspected to have an impact on the achievement of success. The purpose of this study is to analyze and prove the hypothesis that farmers are able to prosper in tidal land by Telang’s Independent Integrated City Program based on migrant and local farmers disaggregation. The research was conducted at Tanjung Lago District Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra. The research method is survey with stratified simple random sampling. Data is processed by mathematics and statistics. Telang’s Independent Integrated City is an area of rice production center development and rice industry. Since 2008, farmers have implemented rice cultivation innovations by the twice-cropping index. This program by utilization of tidal land proved that farmers have a great chance of success. Farmers have succeeded in breaking the myth that has been growing in the food agriculture sector, that farmers cannot prosper only with food crops. Both Farmer’s income has been above the necessities of life. Judging by the diversity of origin of population, the income of migrant is higher than local farmers.

Differences in mortality between groups of older migrants and older non-migrants in Belgium, 2001-09.

PubMed

Reus-Pons, Matias; Vandenheede, Hadewijch; Janssen, Fanny; Kibele, Eva U B

2016-12-01

European societies are rapidly ageing and becoming multicultural. We studied differences in overall and cause-specific mortality between migrants and non-migrants in Belgium specifically focusing on the older population. We performed a mortality follow-up until 2009 of the population aged 50 and over living in Flanders and the Brussels-Capital Region by linking the 2001 census data with the population and mortality registers. Overall mortality differences were analysed via directly age-standardized mortality rates. Cause-specific mortality differences between non-migrants and various western and non-western migrant groups were analysed using Poisson regression models, controlling for age (model 1) and additionally controlling for socio-economic status and urban typology (model 2). At older ages, most migrants had an overall mortality advantage relative to non-migrants, regardless of a lower socio-economic status. Specific migrant groups (e.g. Turkish migrants, French and eastern European male migrants and German female migrants) had an overall mortality disadvantage, which was, at least partially, attributable to a lower socio-economic status. Despite the general overall mortality advantage, migrants experienced higher mortality from infectious diseases, diabetes-related causes, respiratory diseases (western migrants), cardiovascular diseases (non-western female migrants) and lung cancer (western female migrants). Mortality differences between older migrants and non-migrants depend on cause of death, age, sex, migrant origin and socio-economic status. These differences can be related to lifestyle, social networks and health care use. Policies aimed at reducing mortality inequalities between older migrants and non-migrants should address the specific health needs of the various migrant groups, as well as socio-economic disparities. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Counterintuitive roles of experience and weather on migratory performance

USGS Publications Warehouse

Rus, Adrian I.; Duerr, Adam E.; Miller, Tricia A.; Belthoff, James R.; Katzner, Todd E.

2017-01-01

Migration allows animals to live in resource-rich but seasonally variable environments. Because of the costs of migration, there is selective pressure to capitalize on variation in weather to optimize migratory performance. To test the degree to which migratory performance (defined as speed of migration) of Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) was determined by age- and season-specific responses to variation in weather, we analyzed 1,863 daily tracks (n = 83 migrant eagles) and 8,047 hourly tracks (n = 83) based on 15 min GPS telemetry data from Golden Eagles and 277 hourly tracks based on 30 s data (n = 37). Spring migrant eagles traveled 139.75 ± 82.19 km day−1 (mean ± SE; n = 57) and 25.59 ± 11.75 km hr−1 (n = 55). Autumn migrant eagles traveled 99.14 ± 59.98 km day−1 (n = 26) and 22.18 ± 9.18 km hr−1 (n = 28). Weather during migration varied by season and by age class. During spring, best-supported daily and hourly models of 15 min data suggested that migratory performance was influenced most strongly by downward solar radiation and that older birds benefited less from flow assistance (tailwinds). During autumn, best-supported daily and hourly models of 15 min data suggested that migratory performance was influenced most strongly by south–north winds and by flow assistance, again less strongly for older birds. In contrast, models for hourly performance based on data collected at 30 s intervals were not well described by a single model, likely reflecting eagles' rapid responses to the many weather conditions they experienced. Although daily speed of travel was similar for all age classes, younger birds traveled at faster hourly speeds than did adults. Our analyses uncovered strong, sometimes counterintuitive, relationships among weather, experience, and migratory flight, and they illustrate the significance of factors other than age in determining migratory performance.

Differences in the health transition patterns of migrants and non-migrants aged 50 and older in southern and western Europe (2004-2015).

PubMed

Reus-Pons, Matias; Mulder, Clara H; Kibele, Eva U B; Janssen, Fanny

2018-04-23

Most previous research on migrant health in Europe has taken a cross-sectional perspective, without a specific focus on the older population. Having knowledge about inequalities in health transitions over the life course between migrants and non-migrants, including at older ages, is crucial for the tailoring of policies to the demands of an ageing and culturally diverse society. We analyse differences in health transitions between migrants and non-migrants, specifically focusing on the older population in Europe. We used longitudinal data on migrants and non-migrants aged 50 and older in 10 southern and western European countries from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (2004-2015). We applied multinomial logistic regression models of experiencing health deterioration among individuals in good health at baseline, and of experiencing health improvement among individuals in poor health at baseline, separately by sex, in which migrant status (non-migrant, western migrant, non-western migrant) was the main explanatory variable. We considered three dimensions of health, namely self-rated health, depression and diabetes. At older ages, migrants in Europe were at higher risk than non-migrants of experiencing a deterioration in health relative to remaining in a given state of self-rated health. Western migrants had a higher risk than non-migrants of becoming depressed, while non-western migrants had a higher risk of acquiring diabetes. Among females only, migrants also tended to be at lower risk than non-migrants of experiencing an improvement in both overall and mental health. Differences in the health transition patterns of older migrants and non-migrants remained robust to the inclusion of several covariates, including education, job status and health-related behaviours. Our findings indicate that, in addition to having a health disadvantage at baseline, older migrants in Europe were more likely than older non-migrants to have experienced a deterioration in health over the study period. These results raise concerns about whether migrants in Europe are as likely as non-migrants to age in good health. We recommend that policies aiming to promote healthy ageing specifically address the health needs of the migrant population, thereby distinguishing migrants from different backgrounds.

Impact of Two Elementary School Principals' Leadership on Gifted Education in Their Buildings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lewis, Joan D.; Cruzeiro, Patricia A.; Hall, Charmaine A.

2007-01-01

Currently principals are involved with a variety of programs offered in schools, such as IDEA, English Language Learners, Title I remedial services, migrant education, and gifted and talented programs. However, there is a growing recognition that gifted students are being poorly served by most public schools. The purpose of this study was to…

United States Head Start by the Numbers: 2009 PIR Profile

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center for Law and Social Policy, Inc. (CLASP), 2010

2010-01-01

This fact sheet is based on the 2009 Program Information Report (PIR) data, which all Head Start programs are required to complete on an annual basis. The total number of grantees/delegates for 2009 was 2,574 of which 727 were Early Head Start grantees/delegates, 1,787 Head Start (preschool) grantees/delegates and 60 migrant/seasonal…

Bilingual Education: Will the Benefits Last? Bilingual Education Paper Series, Vol. 5 No. 8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McConnell, Beverly B.

The effects of early education bilingual programs on subsequent educational achievement were studied with Spanish-speaking children of migrant farm workers in southern Texas. The children were enrolled in the Individualized Bilingual Instruction (IBI) program for at least one year from preschool through grade 3. About 30-50 children were tested at…

77 FR 12041 - Applications for New Awards; Migrant Education Program (MEP) Consortium Incentive Grants Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-28

... smaller than 10 pitch (characters per inch). Use one of the following fonts: Times New Roman, Courier, Courier New, or Arial. An application submitted in any other font (including Times Roman or Arial Narrow... applicant or grantee is not financially stable; has a history of unsatisfactory performance; has a financial...

Strategies for the conservation monitoring of resident landbirds and wintering neotropical migrants in the Americas

Treesearch

Steven C. Latta; C. John Ralph; Geoffrey R. Geupel

2005-01-01

Many international, regional, and local partner organizations have agreed in the need to establish long-term bird monitoring and research programs in the Americas. However, the challenge of developing national or international monitoring programs is difficult often because of the lack of qualified biologists or other resources in key regions. More fundamentally,...

Sociopolitical contexts for addiction recovery: Anexos in U.S. Latino communities.

PubMed

Pagano, Anna; García, Victor; Recarte, Carlos; Lee, Juliet P

2016-11-01

Anexos are community-based recovery houses that were created in Mexico to serve people struggling with addiction to alcohol and other drugs. Brought to the U.S. by Mexican migrants, anexos provide residential care to primarily male Latino migrants and immigrants who are unable or unwilling to access formal treatment. While some Mexican anexos have come under fire for coercion, confrontational treatment methods, and corporal punishment, little is known about treatment practices in U.S. anexos. We conducted a two-year ethnographic study of three anexos in urban Northern California. The study included over 150h of participant observation and semi-structured interviews with 42 residents, 3 directors, 2 assistant directors, and 3 former directors (N=50). Qualitative data were analyzed thematically using ATLAS.ti software. The anexos in our study differed in important ways from Mexican anexos described in the scientific literature. First, we found no evidence of corporal punishment or coercive internment. Second, the anexos were open, allowing residents to leave the premises for work and other approved activities. Third, the anexos were self-supported through residents' financial contributions. Fourth, collective decision-making processes observed in the California anexos more closely resembled sober living houses than their authoritarian counterparts in Mexico. Anexos may operate differently in the U.S. versus Mexico due to variations in sociopolitical context. This exploratory study suggests that anexos are addressing unmet need for addiction treatment in U.S. Latino immigrant and migrant communities. As a community-created, self-sustained, culturally appropriate recovery resource, anexos provide important insights into Latino migrants' and immigrants' experiences with substance abuse, help-seeking trajectories, and treatment needs. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Oral health knowledge attitudes and behaviors of migrant preschooler parents.

PubMed

Lukes, Sherri M

2010-01-01

The purpose of the study was to establish baseline data about oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of migrant and seasonal farm workers (MSFW). The study focused on MSFWs that are parents of preschool-aged children, and who utilized services at 3 migrant dental clinics. An oral health knowledge attitudes and behaviors survey was developed and pilot tested in 2006. The resulting 34 item survey was administered by trained promotores de salud (community health workers) to 45 parents of preschoolers (15 at each clinic site) served by 3 migrant dental clinics. Parents answered questions as they pertained to their oldest preschooler (up to age 5). Dental visits in the last 12 months were reported for 26 (58%) of the children. Fifteen parents (33%) had a dental visit in the last year. Thirty-five parents (77/8%) reported their child's oral health to be good, and 21 (46.7%) reported their own to be good. Half of the children were enrolled in Head Start (HS). Of those, 18 (79%) had a dental visit in the last year, whereas 8 (36%) of those not enrolled in HS had a visit. Discrepancies existed for the age parents believed children should stop using a bottle and the age they actually did stop using a bottle. There were discrepancies in knowledge about decay causing drinks and consumption of drinks by preschool-aged children. MSFWs remain an underserved population with poor access to oral health care and multiple factors affecting oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. A better understanding of influences on oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviors within the population can assist in implementing appropriate interventions for the maintenance of good oral health in MSFW families. HS can have a positive impact on oral health for MSFW children.

A Cross-Sectional Study on Selected Correlates of High risk Sexual Behavior in Polish Migrants Resident in the United Kingdom

PubMed Central

Ganczak, Maria; Czubińska, Grażyna; Korzeń, Marcin; Szych, Zbigniew

2017-01-01

Objective: To assess the correlates of the high risk sexual behaviors of Polish migrants in the United Kingdom (UK) after 2004, and to compare such behaviors before/after immigration. Methods: In 2013, a cross-sectional study was conducted through the use of a Computer-assisted web interviewing surveying technique with the use of a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Among 408 respondents (56.9% women), with a median age of 32 years, significantly more admitted to having unprotected sexual contact with a casual partner while in the UK (p < 0.0001) than while in Poland; more were engaged in sex after the use of recreational drugs and alcohol (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.001 respectively). Being a male was associated with greater odds of unprotected sex, sex after the use of alcohol, and having multiple partners. Being single and having only been a resident for a short time in the UK, presenting a lower self-esteem, were predictors of unprotected sex. A total of 19.6% of the respondents admitted to having been tested while in Poland, a lower (p < 0.0001) frequency than while in the UK (49.5%); this referred to both genders; 1.2% (95% CI: 0.79–2.83%) reported that they were HIV positive. Conclusions: Migration can create a vulnerability to STIs, especially for single male migrants with low self-esteem, staying in the UK for less than two years. The results point to strengthening strategies which help reduce high risk sexual behavior among Polish migrants, and to introduce interventions to promote an awareness of HIV sero-status. PMID:28420115

A Cross-Sectional Study on Selected Correlates of High risk Sexual Behavior in Polish Migrants Resident in the United Kingdom.

PubMed

Ganczak, Maria; Czubińska, Grażyna; Korzeń, Marcin; Szych, Zbigniew

2017-04-14

Objective : To assess the correlates of the high risk sexual behaviors of Polish migrants in the United Kingdom (UK) after 2004, and to compare such behaviors before/after immigration. Methods : In 2013, a cross-sectional study was conducted through the use of a Computer-assisted web interviewing surveying technique with the use of a self-administered questionnaire. Results : Among 408 respondents (56.9% women), with a median age of 32 years, significantly more admitted to having unprotected sexual contact with a casual partner while in the UK ( p < 0.0001) than while in Poland; more were engaged in sex after the use of recreational drugs and alcohol ( p < 0.0001 and p = 0.001 respectively). Being a male was associated with greater odds of unprotected sex, sex after the use of alcohol, and having multiple partners. Being single and having only been a resident for a short time in the UK, presenting a lower self-esteem, were predictors of unprotected sex. A total of 19.6% of the respondents admitted to having been tested while in Poland, a lower ( p < 0.0001) frequency than while in the UK (49.5%); this referred to both genders; 1.2% (95% CI: 0.79-2.83%) reported that they were HIV positive. Conclusions : Migration can create a vulnerability to STIs, especially for single male migrants with low self-esteem, staying in the UK for less than two years. The results point to strengthening strategies which help reduce high risk sexual behavior among Polish migrants, and to introduce interventions to promote an awareness of HIV sero-status.

Adaptation of child oral health education leaflets for Arabic migrants in Australia: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Arora, Amit; Al-Salti, Ibrahim; Murad, Hussam; Tran, Quang; Itaoui, Rhonda; Bhole, Sameer; Ajwani, Shilpi; Jones, Charlotte; Manohar, Narendar

2018-01-10

The purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of Arabic-speaking mothers views on the usefulness of existing oral health education leaflets aimed at young children and also to record their views on the tailored versions of these leaflets. This qualitative study was nested within a large ongoing birth cohort study in South Western Sydney, Australia. Arabic-speaking mothers (n = 19) with young children were purposively selected and approached for a semi-structured interview. Two original English leaflets giving advice on young children's oral health were sent to mother's prior to the interview. On the day of interview, mothers were given simplified-English and Arabic versions of both the leaflets and were asked to compare the three versions. Interviews were audio-recorded, subsequently transcribed verbatim and analysed by thematic analysis. Ethical approval was obtained from Human Research Ethics Committees of the former Sydney South West Area Health Service, University of Sydney and Western Sydney University. Mothers reported that simplified English together with the Arabic version of the leaflets were useful sources of information. Although many mothers favoured the simplified version over original English leaflets, the majority favoured the leaflets in Arabic. Ideally, a "dual Arabic - simplified English leaflet" was preferred. The understanding of key health messages was optimised through a simple layout and visual images. There is a need to tailor oral health education leaflets for Arabic-speaking migrants. Producers of dental leaflets should also consider a "dual Arabic - simplified English leaflet" to improve oral health knowledge of Arabic-speaking migrants. The use of simple layout and pictures assists Arabic-speaking migrants to understand the content of dental leaflets.

Mexican Perspectives on Mexican-U.S. Relations

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-04-01

while serving in the United States military, working in the Bracero program and in American factories. By working with Americans, Mexicans learned that...Mexican government blames the problem on the United States. During the history of the Bracero Program (1942 -1964) 4.6 million Mexicans traveled to...and became familiar to Mexican migrants.ŕ The termination of the Bracero Program did not discourage Mexican agricultural workers from entering the

[Chronic Disease Self-management Support for People with a Migrant Background: towards a Peer-led Group Program to Improve Equity in Health].

PubMed

Zanoni, S; Gabriel, E; Salis Gross, C; Deppeler, M; Haslbeck, J

2018-03-01

Limited health literacy and language skills are barriers for people with a migrant background (PMB) to access health information and healthcare services, in particular for those living with chronic conditions. During the introduction of a peer-led Stanford chronic disease self-management course in Switzerland, special interest in the program as well as motivation of PMB was observed. In response, we examined if the program can be implemented in German for people with limited language skills. This explorative study is part of the evaluation study on introducing the adapted Stanford program in Switzerland and German-speaking Europe. Following the principles of Grounded Theory, semi-structured focus group and individual interviews were conducted with course participants, leaders and coordinators (n=30) and analyzed thematically. The focus was on the feasibility, satisfaction and course content. In principle, the program seems to have positive value for PMB, may work for them in German, have high relevance for everyday life and give an impetus for social integration. The need for and extent of modification of the program for PMB has to be further explored in order to make it more accessible for vulnerable groups. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Occupational injuries in workers from different ethnicities

PubMed Central

Mekkodathil, Ahammed; El-Menyar, Ayman; Al-Thani, Hassan

2016-01-01

Objectives: Occupational injuries remain an important unresolved issue in many of the developing and developed countries. We aimed to outline the causes, characteristics, measures and impact of occupational injuries among different ethnicities. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the literatures using PUBMED, MEDLINE, Google Scholar and EMBASE search engine using words: “Occupational injuries” and “workplace” between 1984 and 2014. Results: Incidence of fatal occupational injuries decreased over time in many countries. However, it increased in the migrant, foreign born and ethnic minority workers in certain high risk industries. Disproportionate representations of those groups in different industries resulted in wide range of fatality rates. Conclusions: Overrepresentation of migrant workers, foreign born and ethnic minorities in high risk and unskilled occupations warrants effective safety training programs and enforcement of laws to assure safe workplaces. The burden of occupational injuries at the individual and community levels urges the development and implementation of effective preventive programs. PMID:27051619

Modernization of the migrant women in Dhaka, Bangladesh: analysis of some demographic variables.

PubMed

Huq-hussain, S

1995-04-01

This study examines demographic factors as signs of change among female rural migrants who settled in the slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh, in 1988. Data are obtained from structured and open-ended interviews among 399 migrant women working in selected clusters of Dhaka in 1988. Short-term migrants lived in Dhaka city for 6 months to 5 years. Long-term migrants lived longer than 5 years in Dhaka city. Findings indicate that 81% of all migrant families were nuclear, 18% were joint, and only 1% were extended. A greater proportion of recent migrants had nuclear families (89%) compared to long-term migrants (78%). 90% of recent migrants and 81% of long-term migrants favored nuclear families. Migrant women indicated that small nuclear families were preferred due to economic hardship and the shortage of housing. Interpersonal quarrels were another reason for their preference for nuclear families. Women who desired joint families found their domestic burdens relieved with more people to share responsibilities. 17% of all migrant households were headed by women (15% among recent migrants and 18% among long-term migrants). Female heads reported that their family structure was due to the death of or divorce from their spouse and the preference of independence from family dependency. 43% of families had 4 members, 36% had 5-7 members, and 21% had over 7 members. 52% of recent migrants and 40% of long-term migrants had small families under 4 members. 39% of long-term migrants and 26% of recent migrants had families with 5-7 members. Recent female migrants were characterized as primarily aged 11-30 years compared to long-term female migrants who were aged mainly under 10 years. A distinctive feature of marriage among migrant women was the larger proportion of women marrying at early ages. 43% were married at ages 11-14 years. 29% of recent migrants and only 11% of long-term migrants supported early age at marriage, but over 50% supported a marriage age of 18-20 years. It is argued that the long-term migrants support for lower fertility and modern values was an adjustment to urban life.

Flight Plight: An Examination of Contemporary Humanitarian Immigration from Honduras, Cuba, and Syria to the United States with Considerations for National Security

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-01

or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government . IRB Protocol number ____N/A____. 12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved...used by those who enter the country with minimal or delayed government screening and those who enter the country with no government screening...federal government that is designed to assist international populations with the greatest migratory need: forced migrants, refugees and asylum

Wind assistance: A requirement for migration of shorebirds?

USGS Publications Warehouse

Butler, Robert W.; Williams, Tony D.; Warnock, Nils; Bishop, Mary Anne

1997-01-01

We investigated the importance of wind-assisted flight for northward (spring) migration by Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) along the Pacific Coast of North America. Using current models of energy costs of flight and recent data on the phenology of migration, we estimated the energy (fat) requirements for migration in calm winds and with wind-assisted flight for different rates of fat deposition: (1) a variable rate, assuming that birds deposit the minimum amount of fat required to reach the next stopover site; (2) a constant maximum rate of 1.0 g/day; and (3) a lower constant rate of 0.4 g/day. We tested these models by comparing conservative estimates of predicted body mass along the migration route with empirical data on body mass of Western Sandpipers at different stopover sites and upon arrival at the breeding grounds. In calm conditions, birds would have to deposit unrealistically high amounts of fat (up to 330% of observed values) to maintain body mass above absolute lean mass values. Fat-deposition rates of 1.0 g/day and 0.4 g/day, in calm conditions, resulted in a steady decline in body mass along the migration route, with predicted body masses on arrival in Alaska of only 60% (13.6 g) and 26% (5.9 g) of average lean mass (22.7 g). Conversely, birds migrating with wind assistance would be able to complete migration with fat-deposition rates as low as 0.4 g/day, similar to values reported for this size bird from field studies. Our results extend the conclusion of the importance of winds for large, long-distance migrants to a small, short-distance migrant. We suggest that the migratory decisions of birds are more strongly influenced by the frequency and duration of winds aloft, i.e. by events during the flight phase, than by events during the stopover phase of migration, such as fat-deposition rate, that have been the focus of much recent migration theory.