Sample records for audio taping simulated

  1. Audio Taping Simulated Patient Encounters in Community Pharmacy to Enhance the Reliability of Assessments

    PubMed Central

    Werner, Joel Benjamin

    2008-01-01

    Objectives To assess whether audio taping simulated patient interactions can improve the reliability of manually documented data and result in more accurate assessments. Methods Over a 3-month period, 1340 simulated patient visits were made to community pharmacies. Following the encounters, data gathered by the simulated patient were relayed to a coordinator who completed a rating form. Data recorded on the forms were later compared to an audiotape of the interaction. Corrections were tallied and reasons for making them were coded. Results Approximately 10% of cases required corrections, resulting in a 10%-20% modification in the pharmacy's total score. The difference between postcorrection and precorrection scores was significant. Conclusions Audio taping simulated patient visits enhances data integrity. Most corrections were required because of the simulated patients' poor recall abilities. PMID:19325956

  2. Effect of tape recording on perturbation measures.

    PubMed

    Jiang, J; Lin, E; Hanson, D G

    1998-10-01

    Tape recorders have been shown to affect measures of voice perturbation. Few studies, however, have been conducted to quantitatively justify the use or exclusion of certain types of recorders in voice perturbation studies. This study used sinusoidal and triangular waves and synthesized vowels to compare perturbation measures extracted from directly digitized signals with those recorded and played back through various tape recorders, including 3 models of digital audio tape recorders, 2 models of analog audio cassette tape recorders, and 2 models of video tape recorders. Signal contamination for frequency perturbation values was found to be consistently minimal with digital recorders (percent jitter = 0.01%-0.02%), mildly increased with video recorders (0.05%-0.10%), moderately increased with a high-quality analog audio cassette tape recorder (0.15%), and most prominent with a low-quality analog audio cassette tape recorder (0.24%). Recorder effect on amplitude perturbation measures was lowest in digital recorders (percent shimmer = 0.09%-0.20%), mildly to moderately increased in video recorders and a high-quality analog audio cassette tape recorder (0.25%-0.45%), and most prominent in a low-quality analog audio cassette tape recorder (0.98%). The effect of cassette tape material, length of spooled tape, and duration of analysis were also tested and are discussed.

  3. Calibration tests on magnetic tape lightning current detectors

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Crouch, K. E.

    1980-01-01

    The low cost, passive, peak lightning current detector (LCD) invented at the NASA/Kennedy Space Center, uses magnetic audio recording tape to sense the magnitude of the peak magnetic field around a conductor carrying lightning currents. Test results show that the length of audio tape erased was linearly related to the peak simulated lightning currents in a round conductor. Accuracies of + or - 10% were shown for measurements made using a stopwatch readout technique to determine the amount of tape erased by the lightning current. The stopwatch technique is a simple, low cost means of obtaining LCD readouts and can be used in the field to obtain immediate results. Where more accurate data are desired, the tape is played and the output recorded on a strip chart, oscilloscope, or some other means so that measurements can be made on that recording. Conductor dimensions, tape holder dimensions, and tape formulation must also be considered to obtain a more accurate result. If the shape of the conductor is other than circular (i.e., angle, channel, H-beam), an analysis of the magnetic field is required to use an LCD, especially at low current levels.

  4. Advanced Simulation in Undergraduate Pilot Training: Automatic Instructional System

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1975-10-01

    an addressable reel-to--reel audio tape recorder, a random access audio memory drum , and an interactive software package which permits the user to...audio memory drum , and an interactive software package which permits the user to develop preptogtahmed exercises. Figure 2 illustrates overall...Data Recprding System consists of two elements; an overlay program which performs the real-time sampling of specified variables and stores data to disc

  5. An Analysis of Certain Elements of an Audio-Tape Approach to Instruction.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bell, Ronald Ernest

    This study was designed to determine the association between selected variables and an audio-tape approach to instruction. Fifty sophomore students enrolled in a physical anthropology course at Shoreline Community College (Washington) participated in an experimental instructional program that consisted of thirty-two audio-tapes and three optional…

  6. Chemical News Via Audio Tapes: Chemical Industry News

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hanford, W. E.; And Others

    1972-01-01

    Tape coverage of internal R&D news now has a broader scope with improved features. A new tape series covering external news of broad interest has been initiated. The use of tape in a Continuing Education Program is discussed as the future plans for expanding the audio tape program. (1 reference) (Author)

  7. An Analysis of Student Outcomes Using Audio Tapes to Supplement Reading in the Level One Course of the Intermediate Science Curriculum Study.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gates, Richard Wade

    Analyzed was the effectiveness of audio tapes used as a supplement to reading the Intermediate Science Curriculum Study (ISCS) first level materials. The instruments used on a pretest and posttest basis to compare the growth as a result of using audio tapes were: (1) Prouse Subject Preference Survey, (2) Test on Understanding Science, Form W, (3)…

  8. Audio-Tutorial Instruction in Medicine.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Boyle, Gloria J.; Herrick, Merlyn C.

    This progress report concerns an audio-tutorial approach used at the University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine. Instructional techniques such as slide-tape presentations, compressed speech audio tapes, computer-assisted instruction (CAI), motion pictures, television, microfiche, and graphic and printed materials have been implemented,…

  9. Technical aspects of a demonstration tape for three-dimensional sound displays

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Begault, Durand R.; Wenzel, Elizabeth M.

    1990-01-01

    This document was developed to accompany an audio cassette that demonstrates work in three-dimensional auditory displays, developed at the Ames Research Center Aerospace Human Factors Division. It provides a text version of the audio material, and covers the theoretical and technical issues of spatial auditory displays in greater depth than on the cassette. The technical procedures used in the production of the audio demonstration are documented, including the methods for simulating rotorcraft radio communication, synthesizing auditory icons, and using the Convolvotron, a real-time spatialization device.

  10. 11 CFR 9007.7 - Administrative record.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... not referenced in documents that were circulated to the Commission; (2) Transcripts or audio tapes of Commission discussions other than transcripts or audio tapes of oral hearings pursuant to 11 CFR 9007.2(c)(2...

  11. 5 CFR 1205.16 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... and collecting the fee), no charge will be made to the requester. (d) Fees for copying audio tapes and... paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(3) of this section. (1) Audio tapes will be provided at a charge not to exceed...

  12. 5 CFR 1205.16 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... and collecting the fee), no charge will be made to the requester. (d) Fees for copying audio tapes and... paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(3) of this section. (1) Audio tapes will be provided at a charge not to exceed...

  13. 5 CFR 1205.16 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... and collecting the fee), no charge will be made to the requester. (d) Fees for copying audio tapes and... paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(3) of this section. (1) Audio tapes will be provided at a charge not to exceed...

  14. 5 CFR 1205.16 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... and collecting the fee), no charge will be made to the requester. (d) Fees for copying audio tapes and... paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(3) of this section. (1) Audio tapes will be provided at a charge not to exceed...

  15. 5 CFR 1205.16 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... and collecting the fee), no charge will be made to the requester. (d) Fees for copying audio tapes and... paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(3) of this section. (1) Audio tapes will be provided at a charge not to exceed...

  16. Chemical Calculations; An Audiotutorial Approach.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lower, Stephen K.

    An audiotutorial approach to problem-solving in college chemistry relying upon audio tapes is available. The program is designed to increase the teacher's effectiveness by providing individualized attention to student difficulties related to problem-solving. Problem solutions are recorded on audio tapes (designed for use with Sony TC-160 cassettes…

  17. Intervention Strategies in Counselor Supervision.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    West, John; Sonstegard, Manford

    This paper contains a model for practicum supervision developed by Dr. Manford Sonstegard. The procedure allows the supervisor, student-counselor, client, and practicum class to participate in the session. Whereas one-way mirrors, audio tapes and audio-visual tapes allow for only delayed feedback from the supervisor, Dr. Sonstegard's approach…

  18. Cultural Systems and Land Use Decision Making.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Schaefer, Larry; Pressman, Rob

    This material includes student guide sheets, reference material, and tape script for the audio-tutorial unit on Cultural Systems. An audio tape is used with the materials. The material is designed for use with Connecticut schools, but can be adapted to other localities. The materials in this unit consider components of cultural systems, land use…

  19. Local Implementation and Land Use Decision Making.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Garlasco, Chris; And Others

    This material includes student guide sheets, reference material, and tape script for the audio-tutorial unit on Local Implementation. An audio tape is used with the materials. The material is designed for use with Connecticut schools, but can be adapted to other localities. The material in this unit emphasizes the role of planning and zoning in…

  20. Media in teaching college level nutrition. Is it effective and efficient?

    PubMed

    Short, S H

    1975-06-01

    Several techniques have been used, studied, and tested to teach nutrition at Syracuse University. One self-paced course in nutrition and food science tutors students completely through audio tapes integrated with films, slides, video tapes, discussion groups, laboratory manual, and computer-assisted instruction. Evaluation is by computerized tests given after each module at the student's discretion. Compressed-speech tapes are used to increase learning efficiency. Dietetic, nutrition, nursing, and pre-medical students are taught nutrition via these methods for selected modules, but they mainly learn by lectures supplemented by pertinent films, slides, transparencies, television commercials, telectures, videotapes, and simulations. Multi-media "happenings" are presented which gain students' attention and change attitudes while imparting nutritional information which is well retained.

  1. (abstract) Synthesis of Speaker Facial Movements to Match Selected Speech Sequences

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Scott, Kenneth C.

    1994-01-01

    We are developing a system for synthesizing image sequences the simulate the facial motion of a speaker. To perform this synthesis, we are pursuing two major areas of effort. We are developing the necessary computer graphics technology to synthesize a realistic image sequence of a person speaking selected speech sequences. Next, we are developing a model that expresses the relation between spoken phonemes and face/mouth shape. A subject is video taped speaking an arbitrary text that contains expression of the full list of desired database phonemes. The subject is video taped from the front speaking normally, recording both audio and video detail simultaneously. Using the audio track, we identify the specific video frames on the tape relating to each spoken phoneme. From this range we digitize the video frame which represents the extreme of mouth motion/shape. Thus, we construct a database of images of face/mouth shape related to spoken phonemes. A selected audio speech sequence is recorded which is the basis for synthesizing a matching video sequence; the speaker need not be the same as used for constructing the database. The audio sequence is analyzed to determine the spoken phoneme sequence and the relative timing of the enunciation of those phonemes. Synthesizing an image sequence corresponding to the spoken phoneme sequence is accomplished using a graphics technique known as morphing. Image sequence keyframes necessary for this processing are based on the spoken phoneme sequence and timing. We have been successful in synthesizing the facial motion of a native English speaker for a small set of arbitrary speech segments. Our future work will focus on advancement of the face shape/phoneme model and independent control of facial features.

  2. Das Sprachlabor in der Schule (The Language Laboratory in Schools).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cabus, Hans-Joachim; Freudenstein, Reinhold

    This technical manual for the use of language laboratories includes information on the following topics: (1) types of laboratories, (2) the tape, (3) the tape recorder, (4) other basic technical equipment, (5) the audio-active laboratory, the audio-active-compare laboratory, and an evaluation of the two, (6) possibilities for expanded use, (7)…

  3. Pacifica Programs 1972.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pacifica Programs, 1972

    1972-01-01

    Several hundred audio tapes and cassettes that are available from the Pacifica Tape Library, Berkeley, California, are listed in this 60-page catalog. The tapes are available to schools, colleges, libraries, and educational organizations; however they may not be used for broadcasting except by Pacifica Affiliates. Tapes are classified according to…

  4. Procedural Due Process in Indian Education. Scripts for a Two-Part Filmstrip/Audio Tape Program. Curriculum Bulletin 18.03.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Streiff, Paul R.

    In 1974 new sections added to the Code of Federal Regulations and the Indian Affairs Field Manual required the establishment of programs of student rights and responsibilities and due process procedures in schools operated or funded by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. This two-part filmstrip and audio tape program is designed to assist educators and…

  5. 36 CFR 2.12 - Audio disturbances.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Audio disturbances. 2.12... RESOURCE PROTECTION, PUBLIC USE AND RECREATION § 2.12 Audio disturbances. (a) The following are prohibited..., motorized toy, or an audio device, such as a radio, television set, tape deck or musical instrument, in a...

  6. 36 CFR 2.12 - Audio disturbances.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Audio disturbances. 2.12... RESOURCE PROTECTION, PUBLIC USE AND RECREATION § 2.12 Audio disturbances. (a) The following are prohibited..., motorized toy, or an audio device, such as a radio, television set, tape deck or musical instrument, in a...

  7. 36 CFR 2.12 - Audio disturbances.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Audio disturbances. 2.12... RESOURCE PROTECTION, PUBLIC USE AND RECREATION § 2.12 Audio disturbances. (a) The following are prohibited..., motorized toy, or an audio device, such as a radio, television set, tape deck or musical instrument, in a...

  8. 36 CFR 2.12 - Audio disturbances.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Audio disturbances. 2.12... RESOURCE PROTECTION, PUBLIC USE AND RECREATION § 2.12 Audio disturbances. (a) The following are prohibited..., motorized toy, or an audio device, such as a radio, television set, tape deck or musical instrument, in a...

  9. 36 CFR 2.12 - Audio disturbances.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Audio disturbances. 2.12... RESOURCE PROTECTION, PUBLIC USE AND RECREATION § 2.12 Audio disturbances. (a) The following are prohibited..., motorized toy, or an audio device, such as a radio, television set, tape deck or musical instrument, in a...

  10. Enhancing Battlemind: Preventing PTSD by Coping with Intrusive Thoughts

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-09-01

    Characteristics of Participant-Soldiers Demographics Demographic Characteristics N = 1,524 Sex Male 90.6% Female 9.4...consultants • Workshops also included time for live practice, including audio and video taping of trainers’ delivery of modules • One-on-one in person...additional audio/ video taping • Culminated with a certification test in which trainer was rated on multiple domains and content areas by PI, PC, other

  11. The Combined Use of Computers and Audio Tape Recorders in Storing, Managing, and Using Qualitative Verbal Ethnographic Data. [Revised].

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Dow, James

    Ways in which computers and audio tape recorder techniques were used to record, index, and present data collected during two summers of field work in a rural area of Mexico are described. The research goal was to study the Otomi Indian shamans. Two computers were used: the Honeywell 6800 DPS-2 and the Osborne-1 microcomputer. The database system…

  12. The Audio-Visual Equipment Directory. Seventeenth Edition.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Herickes, Sally, Ed.

    The following types of audiovisual equipment are catalogued: 8 mm. and 16 mm. motion picture projectors, filmstrip and sound filmstrip projectors, slide projectors, random access projection equipment, opaque, overhead, and micro-projectors, record players, special purpose projection equipment, audio tape recorders and players, audio tape…

  13. A 16-channel cassette tape recorder system for clinical EEGs.

    PubMed

    Barlow, J S

    1975-02-01

    A 16-channel EEG tape recorder system having a frequency response of DC-100 Hz for each channel is described. The system utilized standard commercially available highfidelity audio tape decks in conjunction with specially designed circuits for time-division multiplexing a balanced amplitude modulation

  14. Mini-Patt

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Jenkins, Jimmy R.; Krockover, Gerald H.

    1973-01-01

    Describes a procedure that allows teachers to produce audio-tutorial instructional tapes suitable for their own classes in a short period of time, usually in about one to three hours for a thirty minute tape. (JR)

  15. The Uses of Media in Early Childhood Education

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Grossman, Bruce

    1976-01-01

    This article discusses the educational benefits of involving young children in the media arts and presents suggestions for using still cameras, movie cameras, audio tape recorders, and video tape recorders. (SB)

  16. Tape recorder effects on jitter and shimmer extraction.

    PubMed

    Doherty, E T; Shipp, T

    1988-09-01

    To test for possible contamination of acoustic analyses by record/reproduce systems, five sine waves of fixed frequency and amplitude were sampled directly by a computer and recorded simultaneously on four different tape formats (audio and FM reel-to-reel, audio cassette, and video cassette using pulse code modulation). Recordings were digitized on playback and with the direct samples analyzed for fundamental frequency, amplitude, jitter, and shimmer using a zero crossing interpolation scheme. Distortion introduced by any of the data acquisition systems is negligible when extracting average fundamental frequency or average amplitude. For jitter and shimmer estimation, direct sampling or the use of a video cassette recorder with pulse code modulation are clearly superior. FM recorders, although not quite as accurate, provide a satisfactory alternative to those methods. Audio reel-to-reel recordings are marginally adequate for jitter analysis whereas audio cassette recorders can introduce jitter and shimmer values that are greater than some reported values for normal talkers.

  17. Manual of Tape Scripts: Spanish, Level 2. Curriculum Bulletin, 1968-69 Series, Number 13.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lipton, Gladys; And Others

    This second manual of tape scripts, together with a set of foreign language audio tapes for level 2 Spanish, was prepared to support the curriculum bulletin, New York City Foreign Language Program for Secondary Schools: Spanish, Levels 1-5. Vocabulary, repetition, transformation, and recombination drills on specific grammatical features allow…

  18. Manual of Tape Scripts: German, Level 1. Curriculum Bulletin, 1968-69 Series, Number 11.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lipton, Gladys; And Others

    This manual of tape scripts, together with a set of foreign language audio tapes for level 1 German, was prepared to support the curriculum bulletin, New York City Foreign Language Program for Secondary Schools: German, Levels 1-4. Vocabulary, repetition, transformation, and recombination drills on specific grammatical features allow further…

  19. Manual of Tape Scripts: Italian, Level 1. Curriculum Bulletin, 1968-69 Series, Number 12.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lipton, Gladys; And Others

    This manual of tape scripts, together with a set of foreign language audio tapes for level 1 Italian, was prepared to support the curriculum bulletin, New York City Foreign Language Program for Schools: Italian, Levels 1-4. Vocabulary, repetition, transformation, and recombination drills on specific grammatical features allow further development…

  20. Manual of Tape Scripts: Russian, Levels 1 and 2. Curriculum Bulletin, 1969-70 Series, Number 18.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lipton, Gladys; And Others

    This manual of tape scripts, together with a set of foreign language audio tapes for Levels 1 and 2 Russian, was prepared to support the curriculum bulletin, "New York City Foreign Language Program for Schools: Russian, Levels 1-4." Vocabulary, repetition, transformation, and recombination drills on specific grammatical features allow further…

  1. Manual of Tape Scripts: French, Level 2. Curriculum Bulletin, 1968-69 Series, Number 10.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lipton, Gladys; And Others

    This second manual of tape scripts, together with a set of foreign language audio tapes for level 2 French, was prepared to support the curriculum bulletin, New York City Foreign Language Program for Secondary Schools: French, Levels 1-5. Vocabulary, repetition, transformation, and recombination drills on specific grammatical features allow…

  2. Manual of Tape Scripts: Italian, Level 2. Curriculum Bulletin, 1969-70 Series, Number 20.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lipton, Gladys; And Others

    This manual of tape scripts, together with a set of foreign language audio tapes for Level 2 Italian, was prepared to support the curriculum bulletin, "New York City Foreign Language Program for Schools: Italian, Levels 1-4." Vocabulary, repetition, transformation, and recombination drills on specific grammatical features allow further development…

  3. The SWRL Audio Laboratory System (ALS): An Integrated Configuration for Psychomusicology Research. Technical Report 51.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Williams, David Brian; Hoskin, Richard K.

    This report describes features of the Audio Laboratory System (ALS), a device which supports research activities of the Southwest Regional Laboratory's Music Program. The ALS is used primarily to generate recorded audio tapes for psychomusicology research related to children's perception and learning of music concepts such as pitch, loudness,…

  4. A device for recording automatic audio tape recording1

    PubMed Central

    Bernal, Martha E.; Gibson, Dennis M.; Williams, Donald E.; Pesses, Danny I.

    1971-01-01

    Adaptation of a commercially available timer for use as a means of operating an audio tape recorder several times during the day is described. Data on a mother's rates of commanding her children were collected via both physically present observer and recorder methods in order to compare the usefulness of the recordings with direct observation. There was a high positive relationship between observer-recorder command rates, with the observer rates being consistently higher, when data were collected via both methods simultaneously as well as at different points in time. ImagesFig. 1 PMID:16795287

  5. A device for recording automatic audio tape recording.

    PubMed

    Bernal, M E; Gibson, D M; Williams, D E; Pesses, D I

    1971-01-01

    Adaptation of a commercially available timer for use as a means of operating an audio tape recorder several times during the day is described. Data on a mother's rates of commanding her children were collected via both physically present observer and recorder methods in order to compare the usefulness of the recordings with direct observation. There was a high positive relationship between observer-recorder command rates, with the observer rates being consistently higher, when data were collected via both methods simultaneously as well as at different points in time.

  6. Manual of Tape Scripts: Spanish Level 3. Curriculum Bulletin, 1970-71 Series, Number 10.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lipton, Gladys; And Others

    This publication, together with the audio tapes which it accompanies, was prepared to support the curriculum bulletin, "New York City Foreign Language Program for Secondary Schools: Spanish, Levels 1-5." The scripts in this manual are intended for use in the presentation and drill of the grammatical structures for level 3. The tapes, requiring 10…

  7. An Introduction to Boiler Water Chemistry for the Marine Engineer: A Text of Audio-Tutorial Instruction.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Schlenker, Richard M.; And Others

    Presented is a manuscript for an introductory boiler water chemistry course for marine engineer education. The course is modular, self-paced, audio-tutorial, contract graded and combined lecture-laboratory instructed. Lectures are presented to students individually via audio-tapes and 35 mm slides. The course consists of a total of 17 modules -…

  8. Micrometric periodic assembly of magnetotactic bacteria and magnetic nanoparticles using audio tapes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Godoy, M.; Moreno, A. J.; Jorge, G. A.; Ferrari, H. J.; Antonel, P. S.; Mietta, J. L.; Ruiz, M.; Negri, R. M.; Pettinari, M. J.; Bekeris, V.

    2012-02-01

    We report micrometric periodic assembly of live and dead magnetotactic bacteria, Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1, which synthesize chains of magnetic nanoparticles inside their bodies, and of superparamagnetic Fe3O4 and ferromagnetic CoFe2O4 nanoparticles in aqueous suspensions using periodically magnetized audio tapes. The distribution of the stray magnetic field at the surface of the tapes was determined analytically and experimentally by magneto-optic imaging. Calculations showed that the magnetic field close to the tape surface was of the order of 100 mT, and the magnetic field gradient was larger than 1 T mm-1. Drops of aqueous solutions were deposited on the tapes, and bacteria and particles were trapped at locations where magnetic energy is minimized, as observed using conventional optical microscopy. Suspensions of M. magneticum AMB-1 treated with formaldehyde and kanamycin were studied, and patterns of trapped dead bacteria indicated that magnetic forces dominate over self-propelling forces in these experiments, in accordance with calculated values. The behavior of the different types of samples is discussed.

  9. Digital Audio Tape: Yet Another Archival Media?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Vanker, Anthony D.

    1989-01-01

    Provides an introduction to the technical aspects of digital audiotape and compares it to other computer storage devices such as optical data disks and magnetic tape cartridges in terms of capacity, transfer rate, and cost. The current development of digital audiotape standards is also discussed. (five references) (CLB)

  10. 20 CFR 901.11 - Enrollment procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... enrollment cycle. Of the 36 hours, at least 18 must be comprised of core subject matter; the remainder may be... enrollment cycle. (ii) Correspondence or individual study programs (including audio and/or video taped... video tapes, etc. (A) Continuing education credit will be awarded for the creation of materials for...

  11. ASTP video tape recorder ground support equipment (audio/CTE splitter/interleaver). Operations manual

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1974-01-01

    A descriptive handbook for the audio/CTE splitter/interleaver (RCA part No. 8673734-502) was presented. This unit is designed to perform two major functions: extract audio and time data from an interleaved video/audio signal (splitter section), and provide a test interleaved video/audio/CTE signal for the system (interleaver section). It is a rack mounting unit 7 inches high, 19 inches wide, 20 inches deep, mounted on slides for retracting from the rack, and weighs approximately 40 pounds. The following information is provided: installation, operation, principles of operation, maintenance, schematics and parts lists.

  12. Audio-Enhanced Computer Assisted Learning and Computer Controlled Audio-Instruction.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Miller, K.; And Others

    1983-01-01

    Describes aspects of use of a microcomputer linked with a cassette recorder as a peripheral to enhance computer-assisted learning (CAL) and a microcomputer-controlled tape recorder linked with a microfiche reader in a commercially available teaching system. References and a listing of control programs are appended. (EJS)

  13. Acceptance Inspection for Audio Cassette Recorders.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Smith, Edgar A.

    A series of inspections for cassette recorders that can be performed to assure that the devices are acceptable is described. The inspections can be completed in 20 minutes and can be performed by instructional personnel. The series of inspection procedures includes tests of the intelligibility of audio, physical condition, tape speed, impulse…

  14. A Comparison of Television and Audio Presentations of the MLA French Listening Examination

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Stallings, William M.

    1972-01-01

    Although nonverbal cues are often available in real-life communication, listening is usually tested by aural stimuli broadcast from an audio-tape. It would seem that testing listening comprehension might be improved by using television to offer nonverbal cues in addition to aural stimuli. (Author)

  15. The Audio-Visual Marketing Handbook for Independent Schools.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Griffith, Tom

    This how-to booklet offers specific advice on producing video or slide/tape programs for marketing independent schools. Five chapters present guidelines for various stages in the process: (1) Audio-Visual Marketing in Context (aesthetics and economics of audiovisual marketing); (2) A Question of Identity (identifying the audience and deciding on…

  16. Evaluation of an Audio Cassette Tape Lecture Course

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Blank, Jerome W.

    1975-01-01

    An audio-cassette continuing education course (Selected Topics in Pharmacology) from Extension Services in Pharmacy at the University of Wisconsin was offered to a selected test market of pharmacists and evaluated using a pre-, post-test design. Results showed significant increase in cognitive knowledge and strong approval of students. (JT)

  17. Initial utilization of the CVIRB video production facility

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Parrish, Russell V.; Busquets, Anthony M.; Hogge, Thomas W.

    1987-01-01

    Video disk technology is one of the central themes of a technology demonstrator workstation being assembled as a man/machine interface for the Space Station Data Management Test Bed at Johnson Space Center. Langley Research Center personnel involved in the conception and implementation of this workstation have assembled a video production facility to allow production of video disk material for this propose. This paper documents the initial familiarization efforts in the field of video production for those personnel and that facility. Although the entire video disk production cycle was not operational for this initial effort, the production of a simulated disk on video tape did acquaint the personnel with the processes involved and with the operation of the hardware. Invaluable experience in storyboarding, script writing, audio and video recording, and audio and video editing was gained in the production process.

  18. The Development, Test, and Evaluation of Three Pilot Performance Reference Scales.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Horner, Walter R.; And Others

    A set of pilot performance reference scales was developed based upon airborne Audio-Video Recording (AVR) of student performance in T-37 undergraduate Pilot Training. After selection of the training maneuvers to be studied, video tape recordings of the maneuvers were selected from video tape recordings already available from a previous research…

  19. The Mini-Patt Approach for Individualizing Instruction.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Jenkins, Jimmy R.; Krockover, Gerald H.

    A method is proposed which is said to allow elementary and secondary teachers to prepare 30-minute audio-tutorial tapes in one to three hours. A list of materials needed is provided, and the six-step procedure outlined. More than 300 Mini-Patt tapes are said to have been produced for use from elementary

  20. Directory of Mediated Instructional Materials.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mitchell, Louise, Ed.

    Catalogued in this directory are all the audio tapes, video tapes, and films produced from 1964 through 1969 by the Evanston Township High School Faculty, its Title III staff, and its television staff in the course of its Title III project. These instructional materials are designed for secondary school students and cover almost all aspects of the…

  1. Audiovisual Materials for the Engineering Technologies.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    O'Brien, Janet S., Comp.

    A list of audiovisual materials suitable for use in engineering technology courses is provided. This list includes titles of 16mm films, 8mm film loops, slidetapes, transparencies, audio tapes, and videotapes. Given for each title are: source, format, length of film or tape or number of slides or transparencies, whether color or black-and-white,…

  2. OUR's: Optimum Utilization of Resources; A Guide to Instructional Resources in Occupational Education. Research Pub. 77-1.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Beamish, Eric; And Others

    This resource guide contains over 300 entries which are available through the Optimum Utilization of Resources (OUR's) exchange system. The entries describe learning materials, such as slides, video tapes, audio tapes, films, print material, and computer assisted instructional programs, which have been developed primarily by faculty of the…

  3. A Comparison of Inquiry Activities in Elementary Science Classes by Means of Tape Recordings.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Horine, Norman Wayne

    Reported is a study to determine differences between selected elementary Index, Revised Inquiry Index, percentage of class time spent in pupil experiment Index, Revised Inquiry Index, percentage of class time spend in pupil experiment and time spent in reading and/or extended viewing activities. Audio-tape recordings were made using materials from…

  4. A Communication Device for Interfacing Slide/Audio Tape Programs with the Microcomputer for Computer-Assisted Self-Instruction.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hostetler, Jerry C.; Englert, Duwayne C.

    1987-01-01

    Presents description of an interface device which ties in microcomputers and slide/tape presentations for computer assisted instruction. Highlights include the use of this technology in an introductory undergraduate zoology course; a discussion of authoring languages with emphasis on SuperPILOT; and hardware and software design for the interface.…

  5. The Audio-Visual Equipment Directory; Twenty-Second Edition, 1976-1977.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Herickes, Sally, Ed.

    Over 2,000 currently available items are listed in the 1976-1977 Audio-Visual Equipment Directory with specifications on price, model, weight, capacity, accessories, and technical details. Charts for screen size, lists of film and tape running times, an index to industry trade names, and a directory of equipment manufacturers are also provided.…

  6. The Audio-Tutorial Approach to Learning Through Independent Study and Integrated Experiences.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Postlethwait, S. N.; And Others

    The rationale of the integrated experience approach to teaching botany at Purdue University is given and the history of the audio-tutorial course at Purdue and its present organization are described. A sample week's unit of study is given, including transcription of the tape, reproduction of printed materials and photographs of other materials…

  7. AUDIO-VISUAL TECHNIQUES IN LANGUAGE TEACHING.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    NEWCOMER, DONALD S.

    RECORDED LESSONS OF TWO TYPES ARE DISCUSSED, DISCS AND TAPES. TAPE LESSONS CAN BE MADE FROM OUTSIDE SOURCES SUCH AS RADIO, OR READ FROM A BOOK BY THE TEACHER. METHODS FOR MAKING SUCH LESSONS ARE DISCUSSED. 16MM TEACHING FILMS ARE DISCUSSED, AND SUGGESTIONS ARE GIVEN FOR THEIR USE. FOR EXAMPLE, THEY MAY BE RUN SILENTLY, WITH THE SOUND ADDED BY THE…

  8. One Step Forward and Two Steps Back in Teaching an Endangered Language? Revisiting L2 Reading in Irish

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hickey, Tina M.; Stenson, Nancy

    2016-01-01

    Hickey's (1991) article ["Leisure reading in a second language: An experiment with audio tapes." "Language, Culture and Curriculum," 4(2), 119-131. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07908319109525098] reported the benefits of audio-support for L2 reading of real books, showing gains in fluency and motivation among…

  9. The Textalk, A Uniquely Simple, Versatile Type of Audio-Visual Module: How to Prepare and Use It.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Thomas, D. Des S.; Habowsky, J. E. J.

    Textbooks emphasizing visual elements in exposition can be enriched using crisp, concise, audio-taped commentaries to focus attention on essential points in each illustration. These text aids, packaged in the convenient form of cassettes (usually one per chapter), have a number of obvious advantages: (1) any teacher can prepare them; (2) they are…

  10. 76 FR 4110 - Sunshine Act Meeting; FCC To Hold Open Commission Meeting Tuesday, January 25, 2011

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-01-24

    ... Tuesday, January 25, 2011 January 18, 2011. The Federal Communications Commission will hold an Open...) 418- 0500; TTY 1-888-835-5322. Audio/Video coverage of the meeting will be broadcast live with open.../ type; digital disk; and audio and video tape. Best Copy and Printing, Inc. may be reached by e-mail at...

  11. Archiving of Planetary Ring Data

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Elliot, James L.

    2001-01-01

    Stellar occultation data provide our only Earth-based means of probing planetary rings at kilometer spatial resolution. The occultation data archive at MIT contains original data and analysis products of stellar occultations by the ring systems of the planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune observed by members of the group (and other groups) from 1977 to the present. During this time period, several media have been used to record and store the original and processed data: (1) chart records; (2) printed output, (3) audio reel tape; (4) audio cassette tape; (5) 7-track, 1/2-inch computer tape; (6) 9-track, 1/2-inch computer tape at 800, 1600, and 6250 bpi; (7) NOVA disk platters (2.5 and 5.0 Mbyte); (8) write once optical disks; (9) punched cards; and (10) read-write optical disks. With the rapid change of computer technology over this time period, some of these media have become not only obsolete, but nearly extinct. In particular, it has become nearly impossible to find any facilities that can still read 800 bpi tapes, which contain the only copies of several important data sets for the ring system of Uranus. In particular, we have an extensive ring data collection that includes data sets for the following Uranian ring occultations: U0, U11, U12, U13, U14, U25, U17, and U36.

  12. Sister Mary Theresa Brentano, OSB's Innovative Use of Magnetic Audio Tapes: An Overlooked Story in the History of Educational Technology.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Herndon, Linda

    This paper tells the story of Sister Mary Theresa Brentano, O.S.B's (1902-1987) innovative use of magnetic audiotapes to provide instruction for students in grades K-12. From 1952 to approximately 1968, Brentano implemented, refined, and tested her tape teaching methods with special emphasis on individualizing instruction in the elementary school.…

  13. Extending Research on a Math Fluency Building Intervention: Applying Taped Problems in a Second-Grade Classroom

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Windingstad, Sunny; Skinner, Christopher H.; Rowland, Emily; Cardin, Elizabeth; Fearrington, Jamie Y.

    2009-01-01

    A multiple-baseline, across-tasks design was used to extend research on the taped-problems (TP) intervention with an intact, rural, second-grade classroom. During TP sessions an audio recording paced the class through a series of 15 or 16 addition facts four times. Problems and answers were read and students were instructed to attempt to provide…

  14. How to Teach Yourself Physical Skills: An Audio Tape for College Students with Some Introductory Comments and a Detailed Outline.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hodges, Daniel L.

    This guide provides a detailed summary of the information, techniques, and examples offered in an audiotape developed to help students teach themselves physical skills. After section I introduces the topic and the objectives of the tape, section II provides concrete examples of adults learning motor skills. Section III presents and discusses nine…

  15. 77 FR 30290 - Sunshine Act Meeting; Open Commission Meeting; Thursday, May 24, 2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-22

    ... contained in section 1.1203 of the Commission's rule, 47 CFR 1.1203, until 5:00 p.m. on Friday, May 18, 2012... Relations, (202) 418- 0500; TTY 1-888-835-5322. Audio/Video coverage of the meeting will be broadcast live.../ type; digital disk; and audio and video tape. Best Copy and Printing, Inc. may be reached by email at...

  16. A Prospective, Randomized Trial in the Emergency Department of Suggestive Audio-Therapy under Deep Sedation for Smoking Cessation.

    PubMed

    Rodriguez, Robert M; Taylor, Opal; Shah, Sushma; Urstein, Susan

    2007-08-01

    In a sample of patients undergoing procedural deep sedation in the emergency department (ED), we conducted a prospective, randomized, single-blinded trial of audio-therapy for smoking cessation. We asked subjects about their smoking, including desire to quit (0-10 numerical scale) and number of cigarettes smoked per day. Subjects were randomized to either a control tape (music alone) or a tape with repeated smoking-cessation messages over music. Tapes were started with first doses of sedation and stopped with patient arousal. Telephone follow-up occurred between two weeks and three months to assess the number of cigarettes smoked per day. Study endpoints were self-reported complete cessation and decrease of half or more in total cigarettes smoked per day. One hundred eleven patients were enrolled in the study, 54 to intervention and 57 to control. Mean desire to quit was 7.15 +/- 2.6 and mean cigarettes per day was 17.5 +/- 12.1. We successfully contacted 69 (62%) patients. Twenty-seven percent of intervention and 26% of control patients quit (mean difference = 1%; 95% CI: -22.0% to 18.8%). Thirty-seven percent of intervention and 51% of control patients decreased smoking by half or more (mean difference = 14.6%; 95% CI: -8.7% to 35.6%). Suggestive audio-therapy delivered during deep sedation in the ED did not significantly decrease self-reported smoking behavior.

  17. Reproductive and Hormonal Risk Factors for Breast Cancer in Blind Women

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-08-01

    informational letters sent directly from the Perkins Braille and Talking Book Library in Watertown Massachusetts, the ACB and the Canadian National Institute...choice. Survey formats included via e-mail, website, compact disc, computer disk, audio tape, large print, Braille , in person, or verbally over the...survey data during telephone interviews or following receipt of written or audio surveys. Braille surveys were transcribed by a third party and

  18. The Bulletin Storytelling Review: Volume I. Recommend-only Reviews of Storytelling Audio- and Videotapes, Prepared by the Staff of "The Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books."

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Del Negro, Janice M., Ed.; Stevenson, Deborah, Ed.

    Designed to be a tool for selection and collection development, this first volume of "The Bulletin Storytelling Review" contains 162 recommend-only reviews of storytelling audio- and videotapes produced between 1990 and 1996. This book provides a compendium of material not regularly reviewed in other publications. Tapes by storytellers such as Joe…

  19. Automated Desensitization for the Clinical Treatment of Speech Anxiety

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McManus, Marianne; Lohr, James

    1976-01-01

    A self-guided, audio-tape, desensitization treatment procedure, using standard cassette recorders in a counseling service office, is an effective means for modifying self-report of speech anxiety. (MB)

  20. The Construction (Using Multi-Media Techniques) of Certain Modules of a Programmed Course in Astronomy-Space Sciences for NASA Personnel of The Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Collagan, Robert B.

    This paper describes the development of a self-instructional multi-media course in astronomy-space sciences for non-technical NASA personnel. The course consists of a variety of programed materials including slides, films, film-loops, filmstrips video-tapes and audio-tapes, on concepts of time, space, and matter in our solar system and galaxy.…

  1. An Audio-Visual Approach to Training

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hearnshaw, Trevor

    1977-01-01

    Describes the development of an audiovisual training course in duck husbandry which consists of synchronized tapes and slides. The production of the materials, equipment needs, operations, cost, and advantages of the program are discussed. (BM)

  2. Ultrasonic speech translator and communications system

    DOEpatents

    Akerman, M.A.; Ayers, C.W.; Haynes, H.D.

    1996-07-23

    A wireless communication system undetectable by radio frequency methods for converting audio signals, including human voice, to electronic signals in the ultrasonic frequency range, transmitting the ultrasonic signal by way of acoustical pressure waves across a carrier medium, including gases, liquids, or solids, and reconverting the ultrasonic acoustical pressure waves back to the original audio signal. The ultrasonic speech translator and communication system includes an ultrasonic transmitting device and an ultrasonic receiving device. The ultrasonic transmitting device accepts as input an audio signal such as human voice input from a microphone or tape deck. The ultrasonic transmitting device frequency modulates an ultrasonic carrier signal with the audio signal producing a frequency modulated ultrasonic carrier signal, which is transmitted via acoustical pressure waves across a carrier medium such as gases, liquids or solids. The ultrasonic receiving device converts the frequency modulated ultrasonic acoustical pressure waves to a frequency modulated electronic signal, demodulates the audio signal from the ultrasonic carrier signal, and conditions the demodulated audio signal to reproduce the original audio signal at its output. 7 figs.

  3. Stabilometer Computerized Analog Recording System for Studying Gross Motor Skill Learning

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Chasey, William C., Jr.; And Others

    1976-01-01

    The stabilometer computerized analog recording system (SCARS) provides for storing analog and digital information on a single channel audio tape recorder at lower cost and greater versatility than other systems. (MB)

  4. A Guide to Making an Audio Tape.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Jobe, Holly; Cannon, Glenn

    This brief introduction to the use of audiotape recorders in educational settings provides basic information on operational procedures and recording techniques for voice, music, dubbing, and pulsing. Audiotape editing and splicing are also explained. (RAO)

  5. 77 FR 4321 - Sunshine Act Meeting; Open Commission Meeting; January 31, 2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-27

    ... Americans while minimizing the universal service contribution burden, including by eliminating waste, fraud... print/ type; digital disk; and audio and video tape. Best Copy and Printing, Inc. may be reached by...

  6. 76 FR 4946 - Proposed Extension of the Approval of Information Collection Requirements

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-01-27

    ... formats (Large Print, Braille, Audio Tape, or Disc), upon request, by calling (202) 693-0023 (not a toll... intelligence or counterintelligence functions; (2) of employees the employer reasonably suspects of involvement...

  7. Spacelab Data Processing Facility

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1983-01-01

    The Spacelab Data Processing Facility (SDPF) processes, monitors, and accounts for the payload data from Spacelab and other Shuttle missions and forwards relevant data to various user facilities worldwide. The SLDPF is divided into the Spacelab Input Processing System (SIPS) and the Spacelab Output Processing System (SOPS). The SIPS division demultiplexes, synchronizes, time tags, quality checks, accounts for the data, and formats the data onto tapes. The SOPS division further edits, blocks, formats, and records the data on tape for shipment to users. User experiments must conform to the Spacelab's onboard High Rate Multiplexer (HRM) format for maximum process ability. Audio, analog, instrumentation, high density, experiment data, input/output data, quality control and accounting, and experimental channel tapes along with a variety of spacelab ancillary tapes are provided to the user by SLDPF.

  8. Data recording and playback on video tape--a multi-channel analog interface for a digital audio processor system.

    PubMed

    Blaettler, M; Bruegger, A; Forster, I C; Lehareinger, Y

    1988-03-01

    The design of an analog interface to a digital audio signal processor (DASP)-video cassette recorder (VCR) system is described. The complete system represents a low-cost alternative to both FM instrumentation tape recorders and multi-channel chart recorders. The interface or DASP input-output unit described in this paper enables the recording and playback of up to 12 analog channels with a maximum of 12 bit resolution and a bandwidth of 2 kHz per channel. Internal control and timing in the recording component of the interface is performed using ROMs which can be reprogrammed to suit different analog-to-digital converter hardware. Improvement in the bandwidth specifications is possible by connecting channels in parallel. A parallel 16 bit data output port is provided for direct transfer of the digitized data to a computer.

  9. Perceptions of simulation-assisted teaching among baccalaureate nursing students in Chinese context: Benefits, process and barriers.

    PubMed

    Zhang, Jun

    To explore the subjective learning experiences of baccalaureate nursing students participating in simulation sessions in a Chinese nursing school. This was a qualitative descriptive study. We used semi-structured interviews to explore students' perception about simulation-assisted learning. Each interview was audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was used to identify the major themes or categories from the transcript and the field notes. Only 10 students were needed to achieve theoretical saturation, due to high group homogeneity. Three main themes which were found from the study included 1. Students' positive views of the new educational experience of simulation; 2. Factors currently making simulation less attractive to students; and 3. The teacher's role in insuring a positive learning experience. Simulation-assisted teaching has been a positive experience for majority nursing students. Further efforts are needed in developing quality simulation-based course curriculum as well as planning and structuring its teaching process. The pedagogy approach requires close collaboration between faculty and students. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. Ultrasonic speech translator and communications system

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Akerman, M.A.; Ayers, C.W.; Haynes, H.D.

    1996-07-23

    A wireless communication system undetectable by radio frequency methods for converting audio signals, including human voice, to electronic signals in the ultrasonic frequency range, transmitting the ultrasonic signal by way of acoustical pressure waves across a carrier medium, including gases, liquids, or solids, and reconverting the ultrasonic acoustical pressure waves back to the original audio signal. The ultrasonic speech translator and communication system includes an ultrasonic transmitting device and an ultrasonic receiving device. The ultrasonic transmitting device accepts as input an audio signal such as human voice input from a microphone or tape deck. The ultrasonic transmitting device frequency modulatesmore » an ultrasonic carrier signal with the audio signal producing a frequency modulated ultrasonic carrier signal, which is transmitted via acoustical pressure waves across a carrier medium such as gases, liquids or solids. The ultrasonic receiving device converts the frequency modulated ultrasonic acoustical pressure waves to a frequency modulated electronic signal, demodulates the audio signal from the ultrasonic carrier signal, and conditions the demodulated audio signal to reproduce the original audio signal at its output. 7 figs.« less

  11. Ultrasonic speech translator and communications system

    DOEpatents

    Akerman, M. Alfred; Ayers, Curtis W.; Haynes, Howard D.

    1996-01-01

    A wireless communication system undetectable by radio frequency methods for converting audio signals, including human voice, to electronic signals in the ultrasonic frequency range, transmitting the ultrasonic signal by way of acoustical pressure waves across a carrier medium, including gases, liquids, or solids, and reconverting the ultrasonic acoustical pressure waves back to the original audio signal. The ultrasonic speech translator and communication system (20) includes an ultrasonic transmitting device (100) and an ultrasonic receiving device (200). The ultrasonic transmitting device (100) accepts as input (115) an audio signal such as human voice input from a microphone (114) or tape deck. The ultrasonic transmitting device (100) frequency modulates an ultrasonic carrier signal with the audio signal producing a frequency modulated ultrasonic carrier signal, which is transmitted via acoustical pressure waves across a carrier medium such as gases, liquids or solids. The ultrasonic receiving device (200) converts the frequency modulated ultrasonic acoustical pressure waves to a frequency modulated electronic signal, demodulates the audio signal from the ultrasonic carrier signal, and conditions the demodulated audio signal to reproduce the original audio signal at its output (250).

  12. Collective Bargaining in Higher Education 1971-1973.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Allen, John C., Comp.

    This bibliography provides a comprehensive survey of the literature of labor negotiations related to professional employees in higher education. Areas of concern include academic mission, administration, collective bargaining agents, audio tapes, blue collar employees, bibliographies, collective bargaining, conferences, contracts, discrimination,…

  13. 78 FR 54465 - Appraisal Subcommittee of the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council; Notice of Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-04

    ... agenda.) Discussion Agenda: ASC 2014-18 Strategic Plan ASC State Grant Policy FY14 Appraisal Foundation... may refuse attendance on that reasonable basis. The use of any video or audio tape recording device...

  14. Review of past, present, and future of recording technology

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Al-Jibouri, Abdul-Rahman

    2003-03-01

    The revolution of information storage and recording has been advanced significantly over the past two decades. Since the development of computers in early 1950s by IBM, the data (information) was stored on magnetic disc by inducing magnetic flux to define the pit direction. The first disc was developed by IBM with diameter of 25inch to store around 10 kByte. After four decades, the disc drive has become more advanced by reducing the drive size, increasing ariel density and cost reduction. The introduction of new computer operating systems and the Internet resulted in the need to develop high ariel density in the 1990s. Therefore, the disc drive manufacturers were pushed harder to develop new technologies at low cost to survive the competitive market. The disc drives, which are based on media (where the data/information is stored) and the head (which will write and read data/information). The head and disc are separated and with the current technology the spacing between the disc and head is about 40nm. A new technology based on magnetic recording was developed to serve the audio market. This technology is called magnetic type, it is similar to the disc drive, but the media is based on tape rather than rigid disc. Another difference being the head and media are in direct contact. Magnetic tape was developed for audio application and a few years later this technology was extended to allow and accept another technology, called video. This allows consumers to record and view movies in their home. The magnetic tape also used the computer industries for back up data. Magnetic tape is still used in computers and has advanced further over the past decade, companies like Quantum Corp has developed digital linear tape.

  15. Improving the Spacelab mass memory unit tape layout with a simulation model

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Noneman, S. R.

    1984-01-01

    A tape drive called the Mass Memory Unit (MMU) stores software used by Spacelab computers. MMU tape motion must be minimized during typical flight operations to avoid a loss of scientific data. A projection of the tape motion is needed for evaluation of candidate tape layouts. A computer simulation of the scheduled and unscheduled MMU tape accesses is developed for this purpose. This simulation permits evaluations of candidate tape layouts by tracking and summarizing tape movements. The factors that affect tape travel are investigated and a heuristic is developed to find a good tape layout. An improved tape layout for Spacelab I is selected after the evaluation of fourteen candidates. The simulation model will provide the ability to determine MMU layouts that substantially decrease the tape travel on future Spacelab flights.

  16. Resilient Women Leaders: A Qualitative Investigation

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Baldwin, Julia; Maldonado, Nancy L.; Lacey, Candace H.; Efinger, Joan

    2004-01-01

    This qualitative study investigated perceptions of resilient, transformational, successful women leaders regarding their own resiliency and leadership. The ten participants provided information during semi-structured, open-ended, audio taped interviews which were transcribed, hand coded, and then analyzed with QSR N6 software. Findings indicated…

  17. Improving Conference Skills Through the CCS.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wilen, William W.; Kindsvatter, Richard

    1982-01-01

    Presents a Conference Category System (CCS) which will help social studies supervisors develop the skills necessary to conduct a conference effectively. The CCS can be applied using either a shared-analysis or self-analysis approach in conjunction with a video or audio-tape recorder. (RM)

  18. Apparatus for Teaching Physics.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gottlieb, Herbert H., Ed.

    1981-01-01

    Describes an apparatus for plotting electric fields using burglar alarm window tape for electrodes and carbonized electronic stencil paper as sheet resistance. Also describes a simple pentode modulator circuit which will modulate a typical helium-neon gas laser, providing an audio channel for demonstration purposes. (SK)

  19. Exploring the effects of tape-recording on personality assessment.

    PubMed

    Lichton, A I; Waehler, C A

    1999-06-01

    This study examined the possible influence of audio and video recording of personality assessment measures on anxiety. Undergraduate students in psychology were randomly assigned to Audiotape, Videotape, or Control conditions and given the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Rorschach Inkblot Method. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance indicated no significant differences among these conditions on the Spielberger, et al. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, A-State scale, and five Rorschach measures of situational anxiety. Tape-recording itself did not seem to affect the anxiety indices of these frequently used personality assessments.

  20. Analysis of the Sources of Islamic Extremism

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-06-15

    UN 59th General Assembly and Turkish Prime Minister Erdogan was named the cosponsor. The AOC initiative analyzed the rise in cross-cultural...the founder of al-Qaida, has identified his grievances through audio and video tapes , statements released to the media and through interviews. Bruce

  1. Software Maintenance.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cannon, Glenn; Jobe, Holly

    Proper cleaning and storage of audiovisual aids is outlined in this brief guide. Materials and equipment needed for first line maintenance are listed, as well as maintenance procedures for records, audio and video tape, film, filmstrips, slides, realia, models, prints, graphics, maps, and overhead transparencies. A 15-item quiz on software…

  2. Articulating nurse practitioner practice using King's theory of goal attainment.

    PubMed

    de Leon-Demare, Kathleen; MacDonald, Jane; Gregory, David M; Katz, Alan; Halas, Gayle

    2015-11-01

    To further understand the interactions between nurse practitioners (NPs) and patients, King's nursing theory of goal attainment was applied as the conceptual framework to describe the interactions between NPs and patients in the primary care setting. Six dyads of NPs and their patients were video- and audio-taped over three consecutive clinic visits. For the purposes of this arm of the study, the audio-taped interactions were transcribed and then coded using King's concepts in her theory of goal attainment. King's theory was applicable to describe NP practice. King's concepts and processes of nurse-patient interactions, such as disturbances, mutual goal setting, and transactions, were observed in NP-patient interactions. Disturbances during clinical encounters were essential in the progression toward goal attainment. Elements, such as social exchange, symptom reporting, role explanation, and information around clinical processes facilitated relationship building. NPs as practitioners need to be reflective of their own practice, embrace disturbances in the clinical encounter, and attend to these as opportunities for mutual goal setting. ©2015 American Association of Nurse Practitioners.

  3. Achieving involvement: process outcomes from a cluster randomized trial of shared decision making skill development and use of risk communication aids in general practice.

    PubMed

    Elwyn, G; Edwards, A; Hood, K; Robling, M; Atwell, C; Russell, I; Wensing, M; Grol, R

    2004-08-01

    A consulting method known as 'shared decision making' (SDM) has been described and operationalized in terms of several 'competences'. One of these competences concerns the discussion of the risks and benefits of treatment or care options-'risk communication'. Few data exist on clinicians' ability to acquire skills and implement the competences of SDM or risk communication in consultations with patients. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of skill development workshops for SDM and the use of risk communication aids on the process of consultations. A cluster randomized trial with crossover was carried out with the participation of 20 recently qualified GPs in urban and rural general practices in Gwent, South Wales. A total of 747 patients with known atrial fibrillation, prostatism, menorrhagia or menopausal symptoms were invited to a consultation to review their condition or treatments. Half the consultations were randomly selected for audio-taping, of which 352 patients attended and were audio-taped successfully. After baseline, participating doctors were randomized to receive training in (i) SDM skills or (ii) the use of simple risk communication aids, using simulated patients. The alternative training was then provided for the final study phase. Patients were allocated randomly to a consultation during baseline or intervention 1 (SDM or risk communication aids) or intervention 2 phases. A randomly selected half of the consultations were audio-taped from each phase. Raters (independent, trained and blinded to study phase) assessed the audio-tapes using a validated scale to assess levels of patient involvement (OPTION: observing patient involvement), and to analyse the nature of risk information discussed. Clinicians completed questionnaires after each consultation, assessing perceived clinician-patient agreement and level of patient involvement in decisions. Multilevel modelling was carried out with the OPTION score as the dependent variable, and rater, consultation and clinician levels of data, standardized by rater within clinician. Following each of the interventions, the clinicians significantly increased their involvement of patients in decision making (OPTION score increased by 10.6 following risk communication training [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.9 -13.3; P < 0.001] and by 12.9 after SDM skill development (95% CI 10 -15.8, P < 0.001), a moderate effect size. The level of involvement achieved by the risk communication aids was significantly increased by the subsequent introduction of the skill development workshops (7.7 increase in OPTION score, 95% CI 3.4-12; P < 0.001). The alternative sequence (skills followed by risk communication aids) did not achieve this effect. The use of most risk information formats increased after the provision of specific risk communication aids (P < 0.001). Clinicians using the risk communication tools perceived significantly higher patient and clinician agreement on treatment (P < 0.001), patient satisfaction with information (P < 0.01), clinician satisfaction with decision (P < 0.01) and general overall satisfaction with the consultation (P < 0.001) than those who were exposed to SDM skill development workshops. These clinicians were able to acquire the skills to implement SDM competences and to use risk communication aids. Each intervention provided independent effects. Further progress towards greater patient involvement in health care decision making is possible, and skill development in this area should be incorporated into postgraduate professional development programmes.

  4. 16 CFR 1015.9 - Fees for production of records.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... determine and levy fees for duplication, search, review, and other services, in accordance with this section... reproducing or handling, such as photographs, slides, blueprints, video and audio tape recordings, or other unusual materials: direct-cost basis. (9) Any other service: An appropriate fee established by the...

  5. Constructing and Communicating Knowledge: A Personal Journey.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Scott, Kathryn P.

    This paper offers reflections on personal beliefs and practices used to construct and communicate knowledge about social studies teaching and learning with preservice elementary teachers. The paper draws upon one person's personal experiences, student journals, student interviews, course documents, field notes, and audio tapes of an instructor.…

  6. 41 CFR 51-8.3 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... request. Such copies can take the form of paper copy, audio-visual materials, or machine readable materials (e.g., magnetic tape or disk), among others. (g) The term search includes all time spent looking... time spent resolving general legal or policy issues regarding the application of exemptions. [54 FR...

  7. 41 CFR 51-8.3 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... request. Such copies can take the form of paper copy, audio-visual materials, or machine readable materials (e.g., magnetic tape or disk), among others. (g) The term search includes all time spent looking... time spent resolving general legal or policy issues regarding the application of exemptions. [54 FR...

  8. Christian School Leaders and Spirituality

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Banke, Susan; Maldonado, Nancy; Lacey, Candace H.

    2012-01-01

    This phenomenological study examined the spiritual experiences of Christian school leaders who are the spiritual leaders of their schools. A purposeful, nominated sample of 12 Christian school leaders was selected. In-depth, open-ended interviews were conducted, audio taped, and then transcribed verbatim. Data analysis was based on Rudestam and…

  9. Automated Slide Projector

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gould, Mauri

    1975-01-01

    Describes assembly of a moderately priced synchronized projector and cassette tape recorder using a single channel recorder with a tuned amplifier to separate voice and control tones. Construction requires familiarity with transistors and use of an oscilloscope with an audio signal generator. A picture as well as schematics is provided. (GH)

  10. 78 FR 47698 - Appraisal Subcommittee Notice of Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-06

    ... FEDERAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS EXAMINATION COUNCIL [Docket No. AS13-18] Appraisal Subcommittee... the ASC requests that an item be moved to the discussion agenda.) Discussion Agenda: ASC 2014-18... reasonable basis. The use of any video or audio tape recording device, photographing device, or any other...

  11. Multimedia Programs in Microbiology.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kirschbrown, Lita, Ed.

    This is a catalog of films, filmstrips, slides, video tapes, and audio cassettes. Most of the materials listed are for college or adult levels. The entries contain the following information: title, format, date released, distributor, running time, costs, author, consultants, and producer. Some of the entries bear recommendations or reviews. The…

  12. Bibliography of Multi-Ethnic and Sex-Fair Resource Materials.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Massachusetts State Dept. of Education, Boston. Bureau of Equal Educational Opportunities.

    This annotated bibliography lists both nondiscriminatory instructional materials (largely audio-visual) for classroom use and works for teachers' use that promote multi-ethnic and sex fair education. The materials listed include films, filmstrips, slide presentations and video tapes, bibliographies of curriculum materials, books, handbooks and…

  13. The Older College Student--A Changing Tradition.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Epstein, Howard V.

    Personal characteristics of adult undergraduates who are 36 years old and older were studied. A sample of 24 adult students from a state-supported, urban university were interviewed/taped, and audio recordings were reviewed for descriptions of sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics. The dominant student profile was of a 44-year-old…

  14. Read Naturally. Revised. What Works Clearinghouse Intervention Report

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    What Works Clearinghouse, 2007

    2007-01-01

    "Read Naturally" is designed to improve reading fluency using a combination of books, audio-tapes, and computer software. This program includes three main strategies: repeated reading of English text for oral reading fluency development, teacher modeling of story reading, and systematic monitoring of student progress by teachers.…

  15. Read Naturally. What Works Clearinghouse Intervention Report

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    What Works Clearinghouse, 2006

    2006-01-01

    "Read Naturally" is designed to improve reading fluency using a combination of books, audio-tapes, and computer software. This program includes three main strategies: (1) repeated reading of English text for oral reading fluency development; (2) teacher modeling of story reading; and (3) systematic monitoring of student progress by…

  16. A Stable of "Superstar Teachers" Performs Before the Camera.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Magner, Denise K.

    1998-01-01

    A commercial enterprise, the Teaching Company, is recruiting gifted college teachers to record courses on video and audio tape, to be marketed nationally in an adult education series. While some colleagues dismiss such ventures, participating faculty feel the company is helping their disciplines. Some of the company's competitors hire actors…

  17. Constructions of Girls in Preschool Parent-Teacher Conferences

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Markstrom, Ann-Marie; Simonsson, Maria

    2011-01-01

    The article investigates the discursive constructions of preschool girls and points to how girls are positioned, assessed and constructed by adults in parent-teacher conferences in Swedish preschools. Using transcripts of audio-taped episodes from parent-teacher conferences, the analysis reveals that gender is an important aspect of the adults'…

  18. A Systems Approach to Biology (SAB).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bush, Kenneth H.; And Others

    This pupil's study guide is intended to be used with audio-taped biology modules. Each of the units (on laboratory techniques, plant and animal diversity, chemistry, cells, energy, microbiology, genetics, and development) contains an abstract providing an overview of the unit, the rationale and performance objectives for each module, questions to…

  19. The Context of Medical Decision-Making: An Analysis of Practitioner/Patient Communication.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fisher, Sue

    This paper examines how the exchange of information in medical interviews is organized, and how that organization produces and constrains the negotiation of treatment decisions. The analysis is drawn from the verbatim transcripts of audio-taped practitioner/patient communications, information gathered from medical files, and other ethnographic…

  20. Speed control for synchronous motors

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Packard, H.; Schott, J.

    1981-01-01

    Feedback circuit controls fluctuations in speed of synchronous ac motor. Voltage proportional to phase angle is developed by phase detector, rectified, amplified, compared to threshold, and reapplied positively or negatively to motor excitation circuit. Speed control reduces wow and flutter of audio turntables and tape recorders, and enhances hunting in gyroscope motors.

  1. A Rapid Information Dissemination System--A Follow-Up Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Miner, Lynn E.; Niederjohn, Russel J.

    1980-01-01

    A rapid information dissemination system at Marquette University which uses an audio-based technique for quickly transmitting time-dependent information to research faculty is described. The system uses a tape recorder, a special purpose speech processing system, and a telephone auto-answer recorder. Present uses and proposed future modifications…

  2. Listeners' Perceptions of Speech and Language Disorders

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Allard, Emily R.; Williams, Dale F.

    2008-01-01

    Using semantic differential scales with nine trait pairs, 445 adults rated five audio-taped speech samples, one depicting an individual without a disorder and four portraying communication disorders. Statistical analyses indicated that the no disorder sample was rated higher with respect to the trait of employability than were the articulation,…

  3. 75 FR 27779 - Sunshine Act Meeting; Open Commission Meeting; Thursday, May 20, 2010

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-05-18

    ... of Rules and Policies for the Digital Audio Radio Satellite Service in the 2310-2360 MHz Frequency... licensees. 3 WIRELINE TITLE: Schools and COMPETITION. Libraries Universal Service Support Mechanism (CC... broadband more accessible in schools and libraries, and to cut red tape. 4 WIRELINE TITLE: COMPETITION...

  4. Exploring Professors' Engaging Instructional Practices: A Collective Case Study

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Arghode, Vishal; Wang, Jia; Lathan, Ann

    2017-01-01

    Professors use various strategies to improve learning. To explore what professors perceived as critical aspects of engaging instruction, we conducted a qualitative case study with seven professors in the United States. Data was collected through individual face-to-face interviews. The conversations were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. The…

  5. 36 CFR 1226.24 - How must agencies destroy temporary records?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... documents. (2) Records on electronic and other media. Records other than paper records (audio, visual, and electronic records on physical media data tapes, disks, and diskettes) may be salvaged and sold in the same... ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTING DISPOSITION § 1226.24 How must agencies destroy temporary records...

  6. 36 CFR 1226.24 - How must agencies destroy temporary records?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... documents. (2) Records on electronic and other media. Records other than paper records (audio, visual, and electronic records on physical media data tapes, disks, and diskettes) may be salvaged and sold in the same... ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTING DISPOSITION § 1226.24 How must agencies destroy temporary records...

  7. 36 CFR 1226.24 - How must agencies destroy temporary records?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... documents. (2) Records on electronic and other media. Records other than paper records (audio, visual, and electronic records on physical media data tapes, disks, and diskettes) may be salvaged and sold in the same... ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTING DISPOSITION § 1226.24 How must agencies destroy temporary records...

  8. 36 CFR 1226.24 - How must agencies destroy temporary records?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... documents. (2) Records on electronic and other media. Records other than paper records (audio, visual, and electronic records on physical media data tapes, disks, and diskettes) may be salvaged and sold in the same... ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTING DISPOSITION § 1226.24 How must agencies destroy temporary records...

  9. 36 CFR § 1226.24 - How must agencies destroy temporary records?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... records or documents. (2) Records on electronic and other media. Records other than paper records (audio, visual, and electronic records on physical media data tapes, disks, and diskettes) may be salvaged and... RECORDS ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTING DISPOSITION § 1226.24 How must agencies destroy...

  10. Christian School Leaders and Spirituality: A Phenomenological Study

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Banke, Susan; Maldonado, Nancy; Lacey, Candace H.

    2011-01-01

    This phenomenological study examined the spiritual experiences of Christian school leaders who are the spiritual leaders of their schools. A purposeful, nominated sample of 12 Christian school leaders was selected. In-depth, open-ended interviews were conducted, audio taped, and then transcribed verbatim. Data analysis was based on Rudestam and…

  11. Methods for Instructional Diagnosis with Limited Available Resources.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gillmore, Gerald M.; Clark, D. Joseph

    College teaching should be approached with the same careful delineation of problems and systematic attempts to find solutions which characterize research. Specific methods for the diagnosis of instructional problems include audio-video taping, use of teaching assistants, colleague assistance, classroom tests, student projects in and out of class,…

  12. Turn Allocation Patterns and Learning Opportunities

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Xie, Xiaoyan

    2011-01-01

    Drawing on data from three English classrooms at two Chinese universities, this paper documents the turn-taking patterns that the teachers and students developed over time and explores how these patterns affected students' opportunities to participate in classroom discourse. The data were collected through observations, audio- and video-taping,…

  13. Whales in Depth: An Interdisciplinary Unit of Study.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sunal, Cynthia Szymanski; Pritchard, Gail; Sunal, Dennis W.

    2000-01-01

    Provides background information on whales focusing on their biological characteristics, the use and regulation of whaling, and the conservation of marine mammals. Offers ideas for teaching about whales. Includes a resource section of books, audio books, music tapes, and Web sites about whales for students and teachers. (CMK)

  14. Uses of Technology in Community Colleges: A Resource Book for Community College Teachers and Administrators.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gooler, Dennis D., Ed.

    This resource guide for community college teachers and administrators focuses on hardware and software. The following are discussed: (1) individual technologies--computer-assisted instruction, audio tape, films, filmstrips/slides, dial access, programmed instruction, learning activity packages, video cassettes, cable TV, independent learning labs,…

  15. Television News Critiques Can Be Effective, Creative (Commentary).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Edwards, Don

    1991-01-01

    Describes a process of using audio tapes to provide critiques on student's broadcast journalism projects. Discusses how this approach improves communication with students; permits much greater detail in criticizing student work; assists in better preparing students; provides a solid grading basis; and is a great time saver for faculty. (MG)

  16. Free-Loan Media for French: A Teacher's Guide.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Veitz, M. Frances, Ed.

    Designed to assist French instructors in introducing France to their students, this guidebook provides an annotated list of over 300 audio-visual materials and realia that are available on a free-loan basis. The guide lists films, videotapes, filmstrips, slide collections, pamphlets, factsheets, posters, records, tapes, and booklets available in…

  17. Environmental Education - A Problem Approach. Final Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Presnell, Richard W.

    The envrionmental education project, "A Problem Approach," was designed to involve University faculty and community leaders in a number of goals. They attempted to produce a series of audio-taped slide presentations designed to develop a working level of environmental literacy in the project participants and in those people who…

  18. Trainee Teacher Practices: A Case Study

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Subramaniam, Selva Ranee

    2005-01-01

    Questioning skills are significant pedagogical strategies in science teaching and learning. This study explored the questioning skills of a trainee teacher during a 10-week practicum period. The trainee teacher was audio-taped and evaluated in the form of an action research methodology was done in the first two weeks. The quantitative data…

  19. An inexpensive digital tape recorder suitable for neurophysiological signals.

    PubMed

    Lamb, T D

    1985-10-01

    Modifications are described which convert an inexpensive 'Digital Audio Processor' (Sony PCM-701ES), together with a video cassette recorder, into a high performance digital tape recorder, with two analog channels of 16 bit resolution and DC-20 kHz bandwidth. A further modification is described which optionally provides four additional 1-bit digital channels by sacrificing the least significant four bits of one analog channel. If required two additional high quality analog channels may be obtained by use of one of the new video cassette recorders (such as the Sony SL-HF100) which incorporate a pair of FM tracks.

  20. Effects of rational-emotive therapy on psychophysiological and reported measures of test anxiety arousal.

    PubMed

    Barabasz, A F; Barabasz, M

    1981-07-01

    Developed audio taped lectures, taped therapy session models, and homework assignments designed to reduce irrational beliefs associated with test anxiety within Ellis' rational-emotive therapy (RET) approach. The initial sample consisted of 148 university students. Comparisons with an attention placebo counseling program, which was established to be equally credible by a post-experiment inquiry and a no-treatment group found the RET Ss to show significantly lower skin conductance responses to a test anxiety visualization and lower reported anxiety on a questionnaire. However, skin conductance responses to an alternative test anxiety visualization did not show treatment effects.

  1. Hi Fi Audio Tape to Sun Workstation Transfer System for Digital Audio Data

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1994-03-01

    33 Figure 13 The Interface Memory Map (for 64K X 32 SRAM ). [Ref. 10] ..... 35 Figure 14 Main board data bus connection to the DM bus...module are described separately below. DSP-LINK’C OR SCSI 2K x 32 SRAM 40MMO 51K x 32 atuffersOM C SBus TMS320C30 - - Slave Floating Point A t a...and an ENABLE signal is sent to the device along with a read or a write signal. The memory map of the board with 64k SRAM is shown in Figure 13. The

  2. ``Recent experiences and future expectations in data storage technology''

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pfister, Jack

    1990-08-01

    For more than 10 years the conventional media for High Energy Physics has been 9 track magnetic tape in various densities. More recently, especially in Europe, the IBM 3480 technology has been adopted while in the United States, especially at Fermilab, 8 mm is being used by the largest experiments as a primary recording media and where possible they are using 8 mm for the production, analysis and distribution of data summary tapes. VHS and Digital Audio tape have recurrently appeared but seem to serve primarily as a back-up storage media. The reasons for what appear to be a radical departure are many. Economics (media and controllers are inexpensive), form factor (two gigabytes per shirt pocket), and convenience (fewer mounts/dismounts per minute) are dominant among the reasons. The traditional data media suppliers seem to have been content to evolve the traditional media at their own pace with only modest enhancements primarily in ``value engineering'' of extant products. Meanwhile, start-up companies providing small system and workstations sought other media both to reduce the price of their offerings and respond to the real need of lower cost back-up for lower cost systems. This happening in a market context where traditional computer systems vendors were leaving the tape market altogether or shifting to ``3480'' technology which has certainly created a climate for reconsideration and change. The newest data storage products, in most cases, are not coming from the technologies developed by the computing industry but by the audio and video industry. Just where these flopticals, opticals, 19 mm tape and the new underlying technologies, such as, ``digital paper'' may fit in the HEP computing requirement picture will be reviewed. What these technologies do for and to HEP will be discussed along with some suggestions for a methodology for tracking and evaluating extant and emerging technologies.

  3. Graphic Biology Laboratory Modules for the Blind.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Brooks, Austin E.

    The goal of this project was to devise new methods of producing tactile facsimiles of microscopic images for the blind and visually impaired biology students at the secondary and college level. The numerous raised-line images that were produced were assembled along with brailled and large print student instructions, audio cassette tapes describing…

  4. First-Generation, English-Speaking West Indian Families' Understanding of Disability and Special Education

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McLeod, Tracy A.

    2012-01-01

    This study examines the perceptions of first-generation, English-speaking West Indian immigrant families, in regard to the education of their children once they are determined to be eligible for special education services. Data were obtained primarily from conducting audio-taped, semi-structured interviews with three families. Grounded theory…

  5. Teacher's Manual [German, Level I]; An Assessment of Three Foreign Language Teaching Strategies. Cooperative Research Project.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pennsylvania State Dept. of Public Instruction, Harrisburg.

    Teaching practices appropriate to 10 different treatments of secondary school beginning German instruction are outlined and discussed. Treatments vary by (1) strategy (traditional; audiolingual or functional skills; and modified audiolingual or functional skills enriched with grammar), (2) type of laboratory (audio passive or tape recorder, audio…

  6. Teacher's Manual [French, Level I]: An Assessment of Three Foreign Language Teaching Strategies. Cooperative Research Project.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pennsylvania State Dept. of Public Instruction, Harrisburg.

    Teaching practices appropriate to 11 different treatments of secondary school beginning French instruction are outlined and discussed. Treatments vary by (1) strategy (traditional; audiolingual or functional skills; and modified audiolingual or functional skills enriched with grammar), (2) type of laboratory (audio passive or tape recorder; audio…

  7. Synthesis: Part II, Land Use Attractiveness.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pressman, Rob

    This material includes student guide sheets, reference material, and tape script for the audio-tutorial unit on the Synthesis Unit, Land Use Attractiveness. An audiotape is used with the materials. The material is designed for use with Connecticut schools, but can be adapted to other localities. The unit is designed to build on skills and…

  8. Using CNN Newsroom in Advanced Listening Classes.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Vann, Samuel

    A university teacher of English as a Second Language describes the use of CNN Newsroom materials to teach listening skills. The basic news broadcast materials, including video and audio tapes, are provided by CNN, and have been developed by the teacher into instructional units. A classroom guide is available on the Internet. The instruction is…

  9. Organization of Chicano Children's Narrative Behavior. Final Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Duran, Richard P.

    To determine how bilingual children display a sense of story in an oral reading activity at home, researchers video- and audio-taped samples of four bilingual Chicano second grade chidren engaged in matched narrative tasks. While the two male and two female children read aloud storybooks in English and Spanish in the home setting, reseachers…

  10. Using Human Interest Stories To Demonstrate Relevant Concepts in the Public Speaking Classroom.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Stowell, Jessica

    Students can learn the concepts of descriptive language, "group think," and how to overcome communication apprehension painlessly by using human interest stories with humerous elements. A public relations teacher uses two audio tapes and a true story about a former student in her classroom. Garrison Keillor's 12-minute story "Tomato…

  11. The Nature of Discourse as Students Collaborate on a Mathematics WebQuest

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Orme, Michelle P.; Monroe, Eula Ewing

    2005-01-01

    Students were audio taped while working in teams on a WebQuest. Although gender-segregated, each team included both fifth- and sixth-graders. Interactions from two tasks were analyzed according to categories (exploratory, cumulative, disputational, tutorial) defined by the Spoken Language and New Technology (SLANT) project (e.g., Wegerif &…

  12. Life on the Tidal Mudflats: Elkhorn Slough.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Andresen, Ruth

    Life in an estuarine environment is studied in this set of audio-visual materials prepared for grades 6-12. A 71-frame colored filmstrip, cassette tape narration, and teacher's guide focus upon Elkhorn Slough, a tidal mudflat in the Monterey Bay area, California. Topics examined range from river drainage and the effects of pollution on living…

  13. Polysensory Learning through Multi-Media Instruction in Trade and Technical Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Allen, David; And Others

    This report explains a teaching system designed to stimulate polysensory learning by use of multi-media instructional materials, which use as many of the physical senses as practical to augment traditional instruction. They include motion pictures, filmstrips, audio tapes, models, mock-ups, etc., according to school facilities and course needs.…

  14. 77 FR 64514 - Sunshine Act Meeting; Open Commission Meeting; Wednesday, October 17, 2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-22

    .../Video coverage of the meeting will be broadcast live with open captioning over the Internet from the FCC... format and alternative media, including large print/ type; digital disk; and audio and video tape. Best.... 2012-26060 Filed 10-18-12; 4:15 pm] BILLING CODE 6712-01-P ...

  15. Development of Learning Modules for Machine Shop Occupations. Final Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kent, Randall

    This final report contains an eight-page narrative and materials/products of a program to produce (the final) sixty-eight individualized machine shop skill tasks modules (and fifty-two master audio tapes for students with serious reading disabilities). The narrative also describes the determination of the vital few skills used by machine tool…

  16. Locating, characterizing and minimizing sources of error for a paper case-based structured oral examination in a multi-campus clerkship.

    PubMed

    Kumar, A; Bridgham, R; Potts, M; Gushurst, C; Hamp, M; Passal, D

    2001-01-01

    To determine consistency of assessment in a new paper case-based structured oral examination in a multi-community pediatrics clerkship, and to identify correctable problems in the administration of examination and assessment process. Nine paper case-based oral examinations were audio-taped. From audio-tapes five community coordinators scored examiner behaviors and graded student performance. Correlations among examiner behaviors scores were examined. Graphs identified grading patterns of evaluators. The effect of exam-giving on evaluators was assessed by t-test. Reliability of grades was calculated and the effect of reducing assessment problems was modeled. Exam-givers differed most in their "teaching-guiding" behavior, and this negatively correlated with student grades. Exam reliability was lowered mainly by evaluator differences in leniency and grading pattern; less important was absence of standardization in cases. While grade reliability was low in early use of the paper case-based oral examination, modeling of plausible effects of training and monitoring for greater uniformity in administration of the examination and assigning scores suggests that more adequate reliabilities can be attained.

  17. [Providing patients with an audio recording of the outpatient oncological consultation; experiences of patients and physicians].

    PubMed

    Ong, L M; de Haes, J C; Kruyver, I P; de Reijke, T M; Lammes, F B

    1995-01-14

    Gaining insight into the experiences of physicians and patients who were provided with an audiotape of an oncological consultation. Questionnaire study. Academic Medical Hospital, Amsterdam. Consultations with 30 consecutive patients referred to the gynaecology or urology outpatient clinic for an initial consultation regarding the diagnosis and (or) treatment policy were taped. Afterwards, patients took the tapes home. The following week they were phoned and asked what they had done with the tape and how they appreciated the intervention. By means of a questionnaire the physicians (n = 6) were asked about their experiences. Two patient could not be reached. Twenty-three out of 28 patients had listened to the tape, mostly together with others (spouse, relatives). Twenty-six out of 28 patients were positive about implementation of this intervention. According to most patients the tape contained information they had forgotten. Most patients found the tape contained reassuring information. Physicians regarded the optimal transmission of information achieved by this intervention as an advantage. Three out of six saw possible misinterpretation of the imparted information as a disadvantage. For some physicians, the taping of consultations led to more careful phrasing. Most physicians saw no logistical difficulties. In general, participation in the study did not take any extra time. This first study shows that both cancer patients and physicians find it useful to provide patients with an audiotape of the initial consultation.

  18. Corrosion of metal particle and metal evaporated tapes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Speliotis, Dennis E.

    1991-01-01

    Very high coercivity metal particle (MP) and metal evaporated (ME) tapes are being used in 8mm video and digital audio tape applications, and more recently in digital data recording applications. In view of the inherent susceptibility of such media to environmental corrosion, a number of recent studies have addressed their long term stability and archivability. These studies have used an accelerated corrosion test based either on elevated temperature-humidity or polluting gas atmospheres known as Battelle tests. A comparison of the Battelle test results performed at different laboratories reveals a large variation from one location to another, presumably due to incorrect replication of the Battelle condition. Furthermore, when the Battelle tests are performed on enclosed cartridges, it is quite possible that diffusion limits the penetration of the extremely low concentration polluting gaseous species to the inner layers of the tapes during the short time of the accelerated test, whereas in real life these diffusion limitations may not apply. To avoid this uncertainty, the corrosion behavior of commercial 8mm MP and ME tapes when cassettes without their external plastic cases were exposed to 50 deg C and 80 percent RH for 7.5 weeks is investigated.

  19. High School Physics Students' Personal Epistemologies and School Science Practice

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Alpaslan, Muhammet Mustafa; Yalvac, Bugrahan; Loving, Cathleen

    2017-01-01

    This case study explores students' physics-related personal epistemologies in school science practices. The school science practices of nine eleventh grade students in a physics class were audio-taped over 6 weeks. The students were also interviewed to find out their ideas on the nature of scientific knowledge after each activity. Analysis of…

  20. Inside the Actors' Studio: Exploring Dietetics Education Practices through Dialogical Inquiry

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fox, Ann L.; Gingras, Jacqui

    2012-01-01

    Two colleagues, Ann and Jacqui, came together, within the safety of an imagined actors' studio, to explore the challenges that Ann faced in planning a new graduate program in public health nutrition. They met before, during, and after program implementation to discuss Ann's experiences, and audio-taped and transcribed the discussions. When all…

  1. Humanities Education as a Pathway for Women in Regional and Rural Australia: Clemente Ballarat

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gervasoni, Ann; Smith, Jeremy; Howard, Peter

    2013-01-01

    This paper provides insight into the experience of Clemente humanities education for six regional and rural Australian women living around Ballarat. Each took part in an audio-taped semi-structured interview which explored the impact that university study had on their lives. Their responses suggest that Clemente Ballarat was life-giving. The…

  2. Teaching Science Courses In and Out of Area of Specialisation in a Single-Sex/Co-Educational Schools.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ogunsola-Bandele, Mercy F.

    This study examined the differences and similarities experienced by secondary school science teachers when teaching science within and outside their area of specialization in single sex and co-educational schools. Interviews were conducted and audio taped for six experienced science teachers on their qualification, classes/subjects taught and…

  3. Cloze Listening Test (Form Lisbon and Form Waco).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bowdidge, John S.

    Designed to measure recall of specific information, ability to grasp the thought of a passage as a whole, and ability to apply various contextual clues while listening to a passage of aural communication, each of the alternate forms of the cloze listening test consists of an audio tape recording of approximately twenty minutes duration and a…

  4. Private Use, Private Property and Public Policy: Home Recording and Reproduction of Protected Works.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ladd, David

    This discussion of the difficulties of protecting copyright for audio and video recordings focuses on the application of the 1976 Copyright Act and the Fair Use principle to educational off-air taping and private home recording. Court cases such as Encyclopedia Britannica Educational Corporation versus Crooks and Universal Studios, et al. versus…

  5. American Folk Music and Folklore Recordings 1983: A Selected List.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Library of Congress, Washington, DC. American Folklife Center.

    Recognizing the need to inform the public about newly issued folk recordings and audio tapes, the American Folklife Center of the Library of Congress initiates this annual list of selected titles, chosen by a panel of distinguished experts from a compilation of 1983 releases prepared by the Center staff. Although not a comprehensive list, it is…

  6. The Effect of Audio and Written Teacher Responses on EFL Student Revision

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Morra, Ana Maria; Asis, Maria Ines

    2009-01-01

    Providing feedback is one of the foreign language writing teacher's most important tasks (Ferris, 2007). However there is less certainty about the techniques that should be used (K. Hyland & F. Hyland, 2006). This article reports on research that investigated the effects of two types of teacher feedback, on-tape and written, and of the absence…

  7. Algebra for Babies: Exploring Natural Numbers in Simple Arrays. Occasional Paper Five

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fluellen, Jerry E., Jr.

    2008-01-01

    In 12 audio taped sessions, three kindergarten children engaged algebra in a teaching for understanding, thematic project. Toni, Asa, and Cornel had one-on-one lessons dealing with simple natural numbers, patterns, and relationships. Along the way, each child studied one of Toni Morrison's Who's got game books to explore repetition patterns in…

  8. Garbage Pollution Has a Solution: The Sanitary Landfill.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Andresen, Ruth

    The principle ways in which communities solve the growing problems of solid waste disposal are studied in this set of audio-visual materials prepared for grades 6-12. A 58-frame colored filmstrip, cassette tape narration, and teacher's guide focus upon the Monterey Bay area of California. Topics examined range from types of disposal sites, the…

  9. 34 CFR 99.3 - What definitions apply to these regulations?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... (b)(3)(i) of this definition. (4) Records on a student who is 18 years of age or older, or is...)) Eligible student means a student who has reached 18 years of age or is attending an institution of..., handwriting, print, computer media, video or audio tape, film, microfilm, and microfiche. (Authority: 20 U.S.C...

  10. 34 CFR 99.3 - What definitions apply to these regulations?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... who is 18 years of age or older, or is attending an institution of postsecondary education, that are... by a teacher. (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1232g(a)(4)) Eligible student means a student who has reached 18... any way, including, but not limited to, handwriting, print, computer media, video or audio tape, film...

  11. 40 CFR 63.702 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... that is used for audio recording, video recording, or any type of information storage. Magnetic tape... or that is measured by EPA Test Methods 18, 24, or 25A in appendix A of part 60 or an alternative... standard cubic meters per hour when EPA Method 18 in appendix A of part 60 is used to measure HAP or VOC...

  12. 34 CFR 99.3 - What definitions apply to these regulations?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... who is 18 years of age or older, or is attending an institution of postsecondary education, that are... by a teacher. (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1232g(a)(4)) Eligible student means a student who has reached 18... any way, including, but not limited to, handwriting, print, computer media, video or audio tape, film...

  13. 40 CFR 63.702 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... that is used for audio recording, video recording, or any type of information storage. Magnetic tape... or that is measured by EPA Test Methods 18, 24, or 25A in appendix A of part 60 or an alternative... standard cubic meters per hour when EPA Method 18 in appendix A of part 60 is used to measure HAP or VOC...

  14. 40 CFR 63.702 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... that is used for audio recording, video recording, or any type of information storage. Magnetic tape... or that is measured by EPA Test Methods 18, 24, or 25A in appendix A of part 60 or an alternative... standard cubic meters per hour when EPA Method 18 in appendix A of part 60 is used to measure HAP or VOC...

  15. 34 CFR 99.3 - What definitions apply to these regulations?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... (b)(3)(i) of this definition. (4) Records on a student who is 18 years of age or older, or is...)) Eligible student means a student who has reached 18 years of age or is attending an institution of..., handwriting, print, computer media, video or audio tape, film, microfilm, and microfiche. (Authority: 20 U.S.C...

  16. The Influence of Argumentation on Understanding Nature of Science

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Boran, Gül Hanim; Bag, Hüseyin

    2016-01-01

    The aim in conducting this study is to explore the effects of argumentation on pre-service science teachers' views of the nature of science. This study used a qualitative case study and conducted with 20 pre-service science teachers. Data sources include an open-ended questionnaire and audio-taped interviews. According to pretest and posttest…

  17. Cultural Variations in Mothers' Attributions: Influence of Child Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mah, Janet W. T.; Johnston, Charlotte

    2007-01-01

    The attributions made by Chinese immigrant (n = 28) and Euro-Canadian (n = 27) mothers of 5- to 9-year-old boys regarding the causes of child prosocial and problem behaviors exhibited by children with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were investigated. Mothers' attributions were elicited using audio-taped scenarios of…

  18. Audio Visual Instructional Materials for Distributive Education; a Classified Bibliography. Final Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Levendowski, Jerry C.

    The bibliography contains a list of 90 names and addresses of sources of audiovisual instructional materials. For each title a brief description of content, the source, purchase price, rental fee or free use for 16MM films, sound-slidefilms, tapes-records, and transparencies is given. Materials are listed separately by topics: (1) advertising and…

  19. Colorado Multicultural Resources for Arts Education: Dance, Music, Theatre, and Visual Art.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cassio, Charles J., Ed.

    This Colorado resource guide is based on the premise that the arts (dance, music, theatre, and visual art) provide a natural arena for teaching multiculturalism to students of all ages. The guide provides information to Colorado schools about printed, disc, video, and audio tape visual prints, as well as about individuals and organizations that…

  20. Balancing Patient Care and Student Education: Learning to Deliver Bad News in an Optometry Teaching Clinic

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Spafford, Marlee M.; Schryer, Catherine F.; Creutz, Stefan

    2009-01-01

    Learning to counsel patients in a teaching clinic or hospital occurs in the presence of the competing agendas of patient care and student education. We wondered about the challenges that these tensions create for clinical novices learning to deliver bad news to patients. In this preliminary study, we audio-taped and transcribed the interviews of…

  1. A portable, low-cost flight-data measurement and recording system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Miller, R. J.

    1982-01-01

    The design of and the experience with an inexpensive, hand-portable, onboard data system used to record four parameters in the final portion of the landing approach and touchdown of an airplane are described. The system utilized a high-quality audio tape recorder and amateur photographic equipment with accessory circuitry rather than specialized instrumentation to given satisfactory results.

  2. Education, Learning, and Communications, Ecology and the Undergraduate Curriculum, Session 1.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Darnell, Rezneat M.; And Others

    This set of two audio cassette tapes was recorded at the 1969 AAAS meeting on Ecology and the undergraduate curriculum. Four papers were presented each followed by a question and answer session. Dr. Darnell presented a paper titled "The New Ecology." The paper outlined the historical roots of ecology and defined the new perspectives of ecology,…

  3. How to Become a Broker: The Role of Teacher Educators in Developing Collaborative Teacher Research Teams

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Willegems, Vicky; Consuegra, Els; Struyven, Katrien; Engels, Nadine

    2016-01-01

    This study explores how teacher educators involved in developing collaborative teacher research teams of pre-service and in-service teachers perceive their new role. Ten teacher educators in 9 teams were involved in a 1-year teacher research cycle. Thematic analysis was performed on the transcriptions of audio-taped group sessions, video diaries…

  4. Copiers and Duplicators for Audio Tape Cassettes: Criteria for Selection, Laboratory Test Findings, Manufacturers' Data Reports. EPIE Report: Number 84e.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Educational Products Information Exchange Inst., Stony Brook, NY.

    Because needs for cassette duplication equipment differ, the user must match his requirements to the capabilities of manufactured products, and the essential product characteristics. To help educators in choosing cassette duplicators, EPIE has gathered data from manufacturers and tested 11 units. The first section of the report explains the…

  5. Absence, Deviance and Unattainable Ideals--Discourses on Vegetarianism in the Swedish School Subject Home and Consumer Studies

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bohm, Ingela; Lindblom, Cecilia; Åbacka, Gun; Bengs, Carita; Hörnell, Agneta

    2016-01-01

    Objective: This study aimed to describe Discourses on vegetarian food in the Swedish school subject Home and Consumer Studies. Design: The study involved the observation of naturally occurring classroom talk, with audio recording and in some cases video-taping. Setting: The study was conducted during Home and Consumer Studies lessons in five…

  6. Patriotism, Nationalism, and National Identity in Music Education: "O Canada," How Well Do We Know Thee?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kennedy, Mary Copland; Guerrini, Susan Carol

    2013-01-01

    The purpose of the study was to determine Canadian secondary school choral students' skill in singing the national anthem. The sample (N = 275) consisted of students from 12 schools, representing six provinces in Canada. Students were audio taped singing "O Canada" in English, French, or in a combination of both languages and…

  7. A quick transcribing technique for oral data

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Schleicher, David

    1972-01-01

    Stenographic techniques offer a means for transcribing oral data accurately and efficiently. In one such application, during five Appolo lunar missions, a rough but helpful transcript was produced within minutes. Similarly, lectures, conferences, and audio tapes can be accurately transcribed as promptly as necessary. Computer programs for translating shorthand notes are being developed; they will increase both speed and accuracy of translation.

  8. Investigating Young Children's Talk about the Media

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Grace, Donna J.; Henward, Allison S.

    2013-01-01

    This study was an investigation into the ways in which two classes of six- and seven-year-old children in Hawaii talked about the media. The children were shown video clips from a variety of media and asked to respond both orally and in writing. The qualitative data gathered in this study were researcher notes, video and audio-taped focus group…

  9. The NT digital micro tape recorder

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Sasaki, Toshikazu; Alstad, John; Younker, Mike

    1993-01-01

    The description of an audio recorder may at first glance seem out of place in a conference which has been dedicated to the discussion of the technology and requirements of mass data storage. However, there are several advanced features of the NT system which will be of interest to the mass storage technologist. Moreover, there are a sufficient number of data storage formats in current use which have evolved from their audio counterparts to recommend a close attention to major innovative introductions of audio storage formats. While the existing analog micro-cassette recorder has been (and will continue to be) adequate for various uses, there are significant benefits to be gained through the application of digital technology. The elimination of background tape hiss and the availability of two relatively wide band channels (for stereo recording), for example, would greatly enhance listenability and speech intelligibility. And with the use of advanced high-density recording and LSI circuit technologies, a digital micro recorder can realize unprecedented compactness with excellent energy efficiency. This is what was accomplished with the NT-1 Digital Micro Recorder. Its remarkably compact size contributes to its portability. The high-density NT format enables up to two hours of low-noise digital stereo recording on a cassette the size of a postage stamp. Its highly energy-efficient mechanical and electrical design results in low power consumption; the unit can be operated up to 7 hours (for continuous recording) on a single AA alkaline battery. Advanced user conveniences include a multifunction LCD readout. The unit's compactness and energy-efficiency, in particular, are attributes that cannot be matched by existing analog and digital audio formats. The size, performance, and features of the NT format are of benefit primarily to those who desire improved portability and audio quality in a personal memo product. The NT Recorder is the result of over ten years of intensive, multi-disciplinary research and development. What follows is a discussion of the technologies that have made the NT possible: (1) NT format mechanics, (2) NT media, (3) NT circuitry and board.

  10. The enhancement of beneficial effects following audio feedback by cognitive preparation in the treatment of social anxiety: a single-session experiment.

    PubMed

    Nilsson, Jan-Erik; Lundh, Lars-Gunnar; Faghihi, Shahriar; Roth-Andersson, Gun

    2011-12-01

    According to cognitive models, negatively biased processing of the publicly observable self is an important aspect of social phobia; if this is true, effective methods for producing corrective feedback concerning the public self should be strived for. Video feedback is proven effective, but since one's voice represents another aspect of the self, audio feedback should produce equivalent results. This is the first study to assess the enhancement of audio feedback by cognitive preparation in a single-session randomized controlled experiment. Forty socially anxious participants were asked to give a speech, then to listen to and evaluate a taped recording of their performance. Half of the sample was given cognitive preparation prior to the audio feedback and the remainder received audio feedback only. Cognitive preparation involved asking participants to (1) predict in detail what they would hear on the audiotape, (2) form an image of themselves giving the speech and (3) listen to the audio recording as though they were listening to a stranger. To assess generalization effects all participants were asked to give a second speech. Audio feedback with cognitive preparation was shown to produce less negative ratings after the first speech, and effects generalized to the evaluation of the second speech. More positive speech evaluations were associated with corresponding reductions of state anxiety. Social anxiety as indexed by the Implicit Association Test was reduced in participants given cognitive preparation. Small sample size; analogue study. Audio feedback with cognitive preparation may be utilized as a treatment intervention for social phobia. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  11. The Use of Criteria in Argumentation and the Construction of Environmental Concepts: A University Case Study

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Uskola, Araitz; Maguregi, Gurutze; Jimenez-Aleixandre, Maria-Pilar

    2010-01-01

    We have analysed the processes of argumentation of three university student groups (A: six students, C: five students, and J: seven students) while making a decision about an environmental problem (selection of a heating system). The discussions took place in three 1 1/2-hour sessions that were audio-taped and transcribed. For the analysis of the…

  12. Anxiety, Knowledge and Help: A Model for How Black and White College Students Search for HIV/AIDS Information on the Internet

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Smith, Kim

    2011-01-01

    Using the "think aloud" protocol, which allows for the collection of data in real time, the researcher audio taped comments from 13 white college students from a predominately white university in the Southeastern United States and 15 black students from a predominately black university, as they explained how they searched for HIV/AIDS…

  13. 75 FR 80773 - Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Taking Marine Mammals Incidental to...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-23

    ... Delta II, which is being withdrawn from service. The U.S. Air Force reports that sound pressures of the Delta II were slightly less than those from the Taurus I (Castor 120) as measured from the same point... conducted after one Delta IV launch in 2006. During this launch the digital audio tape (DAT) recorder was...

  14. A Psycholinguistic Description of the Oral and Written Language of a Selected Group of Middle School Children.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Martellock, Helen Anna

    Six highly skilled middle school readers read aloud a story from a basal reader, then orally retold the story in their own words, wrote a version of the story, and finally read their own version aloud. Typescripts made from audio tape were compared with typescripts of the written compositions. The oral and written retellings were analyzed for…

  15. JPRS Report - China.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-11-27

    drive against pornography, and it has also achieved new breakthroughs and progress in eradicating porno - graphic materials in certain localities...September, more than 45,000 law enforcement personnel in the province made more than 5,900 inspections of bookstores and audio and video shops and stalls...on 3 October. Second, the sources of Shishi City’s illegal and pornographic video - tapes have been ascertained. Third, the channels through which

  16. Spacecraft transmitter reliability

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1980-01-01

    A workshop on spacecraft transmitter reliability was held at the NASA Lewis Research Center on September 25 and 26, 1979, to discuss present knowledge and to plan future research areas. Since formal papers were not submitted, this synopsis was derived from audio tapes of the workshop. The following subjects were covered: users' experience with space transmitters; cathodes; power supplies and interfaces; and specifications and quality assurance. A panel discussion ended the workshop.

  17. Instructional Materials for Teaching Audiovisual Courses; An Annotated List of Motion Pictures, Kinescopes, Filmstrips, Slidesets, Recordings, Tapes, and Prints

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Shockey, Carolyn, Ed.

    A catalog of audio and visual meterials for teaching courses on or illustrating all aspects of audiovisual instruction was developed with a broad coverage of those areas or interests pertinent to the field of instructional communications. The listings should be of value to the college instructor in the area of instructional materials, as well as…

  18. Health marketing information: an assessment of past and future utilization patterns.

    PubMed

    McSurely, H B; Fullerton, S

    1995-01-01

    A sample of 108 members of the Academy of Health Services Marketing provided bibliographic citations of 629 sources of information which have been important to them in their jobs. The results indicate that the propensity to rely upon a source is dependent upon the topic of the information sought. The sources under scrutiny were consultants, books, journals, magazines, seminars, conferences, video tapes, and audio tapes. The topics considered included the variables of the marketing mix as well as market planning and marketing research. The discussion provides insight about where seekers of health care marketing knowledge go for specific kinds of information. It also suggests types of media that information-providers should consider for dissemination of their material.

  19. AC losses in horizontally parallel HTS tapes for possible wireless power transfer applications

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shen, Boyang; Geng, Jianzhao; Zhang, Xiuchang; Fu, Lin; Li, Chao; Zhang, Heng; Dong, Qihuan; Ma, Jun; Gawith, James; Coombs, T. A.

    2017-12-01

    This paper presents the concept of using horizontally parallel HTS tapes with AC loss study, and the investigation on possible wireless power transfer (WPT) applications. An example of three parallel HTS tapes was proposed, whose AC loss study was carried out both from experiment using electrical method; and simulation using 2D H-formulation on the FEM platform of COMSOL Multiphysics. The electromagnetic induction around the three parallel tapes was monitored using COMSOL simulation. The electromagnetic induction and AC losses generated by a conventional three turn coil was simulated as well, and then compared to the case of three parallel tapes with the same AC transport current. The analysis demonstrates that HTS parallel tapes could be potentially used into wireless power transfer systems, which could have lower total AC losses than conventional HTS coils.

  20. Unpleasant Situations Elicit Different Emotional Responses in Younger and Older Adults

    PubMed Central

    Charles, Susan Turk; Carstensen, Laura L.

    2008-01-01

    Older adults report less distress in response to interpersonal conflicts than do younger adults, yet few researchers have examined factors that may contribute to these age differences. Emotion regulation is partially determined by the initial cognitive and emotional reactions that events elicit. We examined reported thoughts and emotions of younger and older adults (N = 195) while they listened to three different audio-taped conversations in which people were ostensibly making disparaging remarks about them. At four points during each scenario, the tape paused and participants engaged in a talk-aloud procedure and rated their level of anger and sadness. Findings revealed that older adults reported less anger but equal levels of sadness compared to younger adults, and their comments were judged by coders as less negative. Older adults made fewer appraisals about the people speaking on the tape and expressed less interest in learning more about their motives. Together, findings are consistent with age-related increases in processes that promote disengagement from offending situations. PMID:18808240

  1. Simulation and analysis of tape spring for deployed space structures

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chang, Wei; Cao, DongJing; Lian, MinLong

    2018-03-01

    The tape spring belongs to the configuration of ringent cylinder shell, and the mechanical properties of the structure are significantly affected by the change of geometrical parameters. There are few studies on the influence of geometrical parameters on the mechanical properties of the tape spring. The bending process of the single tape spring was simulated based on simulation software. The variations of critical moment, unfolding moment, and maximum strain energy in the bending process were investigated, and the effects of different radius angles of section and thickness and length on driving capability of the simple tape spring was studied by using these parameters. Results show that the driving capability and resisting disturbance capacity grow with the increase of radius angle of section in the bending process of the single tape spring. On the other hand, these capabilities decrease with increasing length of the single tape spring. In the end, the driving capability and resisting disturbance capacity grow with the increase of thickness in the bending process of the single tape spring. The research has a certain reference value for improving the kinematic accuracy and reliability of deployable structures.

  2. The assessment of depressive patients' involvement in decision making in audio-taped primary care consultations.

    PubMed

    Loh, Andreas; Simon, Daniela; Hennig, Katrin; Hennig, Benjamin; Härter, Martin; Elwyn, Glyn

    2006-11-01

    In primary care of depression treatment options such as antidepressants, counseling and psychotherapy are reasonable. Patient involvement could foster adherence and clinical outcome. However, there is a lack of empirical information about the extent to which general practitioners involve patients in decision making processes in this condition, and about the consultation time spent for distinct decision making tasks. Twenty general practice consultations with depressive patients prior to a treatment decision were audio-taped and transcribed. Patient involvement in decision making was assessed with the OPTION-scale and durations of decision making stages were measured. Mean duration of consultations was 16 min, 6s. The mean of the OPTION-items were between 0.0 and 26.9, in a scale range from 0 to 100. Overall, 78.6% of the consultation time was spent for the step "problem definition" (12 min, 42 s). Very low levels of patient involvement in medical decisions were observed in consultations about depression. Physicians used the majority of their time for the definition of the patient's medical problem. To improve treatment decision making in this condition, general practitioners should enhance their decision making competences and be more aware of the time spent in each decision making stage.

  3. Instrumental Landing Using Audio Indication

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Burlak, E. A.; Nabatchikov, A. M.; Korsun, O. N.

    2018-02-01

    The paper proposes an audio indication method for presenting to a pilot the information regarding the relative positions of an aircraft in the tasks of precision piloting. The implementation of the method is presented, the use of such parameters of audio signal as loudness, frequency and modulation are discussed. To confirm the operability of the audio indication channel the experiments using modern aircraft simulation facility were carried out. The simulated performed the instrument landing using the proposed audio method to indicate the aircraft deviations in relation to the slide path. The results proved compatible with the simulated instrumental landings using the traditional glidescope pointers. It inspires to develop the method in order to solve other precision piloting tasks.

  4. Influence of technology on magnetic tape storage device characteristics

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Gniewek, John J.; Vogel, Stephen M.

    1994-01-01

    There are available today many data storage devices that serve the diverse application requirements of the consumer, professional entertainment, and computer data processing industries. Storage technologies include semiconductors, several varieties of optical disk, optical tape, magnetic disk, and many varieties of magnetic tape. In some cases, devices are developed with specific characteristics to meet specification requirements. In other cases, an existing storage device is modified and adapted to a different application. For magnetic tape storage devices, examples of the former case are 3480/3490 and QIC device types developed for the high end and low end segments of the data processing industry respectively, VHS, Beta, and 8 mm formats developed for consumer video applications, and D-1, D-2, D-3 formats developed for professional video applications. Examples of modified and adapted devices include 4 mm, 8 mm, 12.7 mm and 19 mm computer data storage devices derived from consumer and professional audio and video applications. With the conversion of the consumer and professional entertainment industries from analog to digital storage and signal processing, there have been increasing references to the 'convergence' of the computer data processing and entertainment industry technologies. There has yet to be seen, however, any evidence of convergence of data storage device types. There are several reasons for this. The diversity of application requirements results in varying degrees of importance for each of the tape storage characteristics.

  5. Negotiating the role of the professional nurse: The pedagogy of simulation: a grounded theory study.

    PubMed

    Walton, Joni; Chute, Elizabeth; Ball, Lynda

    2011-01-01

    Simulation is the mainstay of laboratory education in health sciences, yet there is a void of pedagogy-the art and science of teaching. Nursing faculty does not have adequate evidence-based resources related to how students learn through simulation. The research questions that were addressed were as follows: (a) How do students learn using simulation? (b) What is the process of learning with simulations from the students' perspective? (c) What faculty teaching styles promote learning? and (d) How can faculty support students during simulation? Grounded theory methodology was used to explore how senior baccalaureate nursing students learn using simulation. Twenty-six students participated in this research study. Sixteen nursing students who completed two semesters of simulation courses volunteered for in-depth audio-taped interviews. In addition, there were two focus groups with five senior students in each group who validated findings and identified faculty teaching styles and supportive interventions. Negotiating the Role of the Professional Nurse was the core category, which included the following phases (I) feeling like an imposter, (II) trial and error, (III) taking it seriously, (IV) transference of skills and knowledge, and (V) professionalization. Faculty traits and teaching strategies for teaching with simulation were also identified. A conceptual model of the socialization process was developed to assist faculty in understanding the ways students learn with simulation and ways to facilitate their development. These findings provide a midrange theory for the pedagogy of simulation and will help faculty gain insight and help to assimilate into teaching-learning strategies. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  6. CONARC Soft Skills Training Conference.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1973-04-05

    videocassette) Script of video tape: (Audio portion only) USAMPS Presents DYNAMICS OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR EGO DEFENSE MECHANISMS V-98 Ib I I SCENE fI Mr...prepared for distribution on request to CONARC Training Aids Agency, Fort Eustis, Virginia 23604. In order to secure said presentation a 60 minute video ...potential critical situations with which a driver may have to cope . In order to identify the specific purposes and situations which constitute a given job

  7. Upgrade and interpersonal skills training at American Airlines

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Estridge, W. W.; Mansfield, J. L.

    1980-01-01

    Segments of the interpersonal skills training audio visual program are presented. The program was developed to train customer contact personnel with specific emphasis on transactional analysis in customer treatment. Concepts of transactional analysis are summarized in terms of the make up of the personality, identified as the three ego states. These ego states are identified as the parent, the adult, and the child. Synopses of four of the tape programs are given.

  8. Learning about Folklife: The U.S. Virgin Islands and Senegal. A Guide for Teachers and Students = Apprenons A Propos Des Traditions Culturelles: Les Iles Vierges Des Etats Unis Et Le Senegal.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies.

    Developed as part of an educational kit that includes a four-part videotape, maps, photographs, and audio tapes, this guide gives teacher preparation information, objectives, teaching strategies, and student activities for each of 3 lessons in 4 units: Unit 1, "Introduction to Folklife," presents a definition in lesson 1, "What is…

  9. Burnout Test of First- and Second-Generation HTS Tapes in Liquid-Nitrogen Bath Cooling

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Young, M. A.; Demko, J. A.; Duckworth, R. C.; Lue, J. W.; Gouge, M. J.; Pace, M. O.

    2004-06-01

    A series of BSCCO-2223 and YBCO tapes were subjected to burnout tests in a liquid-nitrogen bath to observe operational stability limits when different layers of dielectric tape are added to the sample surface. In this study, the BSCCO tapes were composed of a silver/alloy sheath with nickel/copper plating, while the YBCO tapes had a 50-μm layer of copper attached to the silver surface. After attaching the tapes to a thermally insulated G-10 holder, the stability of the tapes was found by applying current greater than the critical current and holding it constant for up to 1 min. If the sample voltage increased rapidly during this period, the tape was considered unstable at this current. This was repeated at different layers of Cryoflex™, and the results were compared to a numerical simulation of the energy balance equation. This simulation was also utilized to investigate the effect of the layers on the stability limit and estimate the thermal conductivity of the Cryoflex™.

  10. Kinesiology tape mediates soccer-simulated and local peroneal fatigue in soccer players.

    PubMed

    Farquharson, Claire; Greig, Matt

    2017-01-01

    To investigate the efficacy of kinesiology taping in mediating the influence of fatigue on ankle sprain risk, 12 male soccer players completed single-leg dynamic balance trials pre- and post-exercise (soccer-specific protocol, isokinetic ankle inversion/eversion protocol) in each of three counter-balanced taping conditions (no tape, zinc oxide tape ZO, kinesiology tape KT). Balance was quantified as the overall stability index (OSI) and directional stability indices of platform deflection. Soccer-specific fatigue only increased OSI in the no tape condition (p = 0.03), with ZO and KT trials negating a fatigue affect. Localized fatigue increased OSI in the no tape (p = 0.01) and ZO (p = 0.05) trials, with no increase in the KT trial. A similar pattern was observed in medio-lateral and anterio-posterior balance indices. KT mediates soccer-simulated and local peroneal fatigue, with practical implications for epidemiological observations of increased injury risk during the latter stages of match play.

  11. [Evolution of the audio-visual technologies of production and diffusion and the conditions of their application in the Third World].

    PubMed

    Lefebvre, M

    1979-01-01

    The present information production techniques are so inefficient that it is out of the question to generalize them. On the other hand audio-visual communication raises a major political problem, especially for developing countries. Audio-visual equipment has gone through adjustment phases; the example of the tape and cassette recorder is given: 2 technological improvements have completely modified its use; the transistors have allowed considerable reduction in volume and weight as well as the energy necessary; the invention of the cassette has simplified its use. Technological research is following 3 major directions: the production of equipment which consumes little energy; the improvement of electronic component production techniques (towards cheaper electronic components); finally, the designing of systems allowing to stock large quantities of information. The communication systems will probably make so much progress in the areas of technology and programming, that they will soon have very different uses than the present ones. The question is whether our civilizations will let themselves be dominated by these new systems, or whether they will succeed to turn them into progress tools.

  12. Miles Hand Grenade

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Harrington, John J.; Buttz, James H.; Maish, Alex B.

    2005-11-15

    A simulated grenade for MILES-type simulations generates a unique RF signal and a unique audio signal. A detector utilizes the time between receipt of the RF signal and the slower-traveling audio signal to determine the distance between the detector and the simulated grenade.

  13. ASTP video tape recorder ground support equipment, addendum 1 (CTE splitter/buffer). Operations manual

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1975-01-01

    A descriptive handbook for the CTE splitter (RCA part No. 8673734-503) was presented. This unit is designed to extract time data from an interleaved video audio signal. It is a rack mounting unit 7 inches high, 19 inches wide, 20 inches deep, mounted on slides for retracting from the rack, and weighs approximately 40 pounds. The following information is provided: installation, operation, principles of operation, maintenance, schematics and parts lists.

  14. ASTP video tape recorder ground support equipment, addendum 2 (CTE splitter/buffer). Operations manual

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1975-01-01

    A descriptive handbook for the CTE splitter (RCA part No. 8673734-50A) was presented. This unit is designed to extract time data from an interleaved video/audio signal. It is a rack mounting unit 7 inches high, 19 inches wide, 20 inches deep, mounted on slides for retracting from the rack, and weighs approximately 40 pounds. The following information is provided: installation, operation, principles of operation, maintenance, schematics and parts lists.

  15. Multiple narratives: How underserved urban girls engage in co-authoring life stories and scientific stories

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Thompson, Jessica Jane

    Contemporary critics of science education have noted that girls often fail to engage in learning because they cannot "see themselves" in science. Yet theory on identity, engagement, and the appropriation of scientific discourse remains underdeveloped. Using identity as a lens, I constructed 2-two week lunchtime science sessions for 17 ethnic-minority high school girls who were failing their science classes. The units of instruction were informed by a pilot study and based on principles from literature on engagement in identity work and engagement in productive disciplinary discourse. Primary data sources included 19 hours of videotaped lunchtime sessions, 88 hours of audio-taped individual student interviews (over the course of 3--4 years), and 10 hours of audio-taped small group interviews. Secondary data sources included student journals, 48 hours of observations of science classes, teacher surveys about student participation, and academic school records. I used a case-study approach with narrative and discourse analysis. Not only were the girls individually involved in negotiating ideas about their narratives about themselves and their future selves, but collectively some of the girls productively negotiated multiple identities, appropriated scientific and epistemological discourse and learned science content. This was accomplished through the use of a hybrid discourse that blended identity talk with science talk. The use of this talk supported these girls in taking ownership for or becoming advocates for certain scientific ideas.

  16. Mock climate summit: teaching and assessing learning

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Schweizer, D.; Gautier, C.; Bazerman, C.

    2003-04-01

    This paper will demonstrate the effectiveness of a Mock Climate Summit as a pedagogical approach for teaching the science and policy aspects of global climate change. The Mock Climate Summit is a student-centered course simulating the Conference of the Parties (COP) where international environmental protocols are negotiated. Compared to traditional lecture-based methods common in the geoscience classroom, the Mock Climate Summit uses negotiations and arguments to teach the interactions between these two “spheres” and demonstrate the depth and breadth of these interactions. Through a detailed assessment of students’ dialogue transcribed from video and audio tapes, we found that the nature of the student dialogue matures rapidly as they are given multiple opportunities to present, negotiate and argue a specific topic. Students’ dialogue progress from hypothetical (what-if) scenarios to action-oriented scenarios and implementation plans. The progression of the students’ dialogue shows increased comfort with the communities’ discourse as they take ownership of the point-of-view associated with their assumed roles.

  17. Mock Climate Summit: Teaching and Assessing Learning

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Schweizer, D.; Gautier, C.; Bazerman, C.

    2003-04-01

    This paper will demonstrate the effectiveness of a Mock Climate Summit as a pedagogical for teaching the science and policy aspects of global climate change. The Mock Climate Summit is a student-centered course simulating the Conference of the Parties (COP) where international environmental protocols are negotiated. Compared to traditional lecture-based methods common in the geoscience classroom, the Mock Climate Summit uses negotiations and arguments to teach the interactions between these two "spheres" and demonstrate the depth and breadth of these interactions. Through a detailed assessment of students' dialogue transcribed from video and audio tapes, we found that the nature of the student dialogue matures rapidly as they are given multiple opportunities to present, negotiate and argue a specific topic. Students' dialogue progress from hypothetical (what-if) scenarios to action-oriented scenarios and implementation plans. The progression of the students' dialogue shows increased comfort with the communities' discourse as they take ownership of the point-of-view associated with their assumed roles.

  18. The Impact of PTSD Symptoms on Women's Safer-Sex Negotiation: Influence of Ethnicity

    PubMed Central

    Horsey, Katie J.; Palmieri, Patrick A.; Hobfoll, Stevan E.

    2010-01-01

    PTSD has been shown to predict later self reported sexual risk behavior, yet behavioral research is lacking in this area. The present study investigated the impact of PTSD severity on negotiation and interpersonal skills effectiveness in simulated high-risk sexual situations among 368 inner-city women. Participants engaged in role-play scenarios involving 1) refusing sex without a condom, 2) abstaining from drinking prior to sex, and 3) refusing sex until both partners were tested for HIV. Interviews were audio taped and rated along dimensions of negotiation effectiveness by blind raters. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted to investigate the impact of PTSD and ethnicity on 4 theoretically derived skill sets 1) assertiveness, 2) using health and preparedness skills 3) social joining skills and 4) higher order negotiation skills. Generally, results indicated that PTSD severity predicted poorer rated negotiation effectiveness among European Americans, but not African Americans. African Americans' expectations that may prepare them for facing more hardship may help explain ethnic differences. PMID:22267974

  19. Human Behaviour in High Stress Situations in Aerospace Operations Conference Proceedings Held in The Hague, The Netherlands on 24-28 October 1988

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-06-01

    Continuously stimulating advances in the aerospace sciences relevant to strengthening the common defence posture; - Improving the co-operation among member...very stimulating symposium. vii KI-1 PREDICTION OF PERSONALITY Harald T. Andersen M.D., Ph.D., D.Sc,D.Av.Med. Director RNoAF Institute of Aviation...audio tape recorder which was connected to the aircraft communication system. This recorder provided a continuous auditory record of each mission so that

  20. Modeling and Simulation of Voids in Composite Tape Winding Process Based on Domain Superposition Technique

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Deng, Bo; Shi, Yaoyao

    2017-11-01

    The tape winding technology is an effective way to fabricate rotationally composite materials. Nevertheless, some inevitable defects will seriously influence the performance of winding products. One of the crucial ways to identify the quality of fiber-reinforced composite material products is examining its void content. Significant improvement in products' mechanical properties can be achieved by minimizing the void defect. Two methods were applied in this study, finite element analysis and experimental testing, respectively, to investigate the mechanism of how void forming in composite tape winding processing. Based on the theories of interlayer intimate contact and Domain Superposition Technique (DST), a three-dimensional model of prepreg tape void with SolidWorks has been modeled in this paper. Whereafter, ABAQUS simulation software was used to simulate the void content change with pressure and temperature. Finally, a series of experiments were performed to determine the accuracy of the model-based predictions. The results showed that the model is effective for predicting the void content in the composite tape winding process.

  1. The experiences of last-year student midwives with High-Fidelity Perinatal Simulation training: A qualitative descriptive study.

    PubMed

    Vermeulen, Joeri; Beeckman, Katrien; Turcksin, Rivka; Van Winkel, Lies; Gucciardo, Léonardo; Laubach, Monika; Peersman, Wim; Swinnen, Eva

    2017-06-01

    Simulation training is a powerful and evidence-based teaching method in healthcare. It allows students to develop essential competences that are often difficult to achieve during internships. High-Fidelity Perinatal Simulation exposes them to real-life scenarios in a safe environment. Although student midwives' experiences need to be considered to make the simulation training work, these have been overlooked so far. To explore the experiences of last-year student midwives with High-Fidelity Perinatal Simulation training. A qualitative descriptive study, using three focus group conversations with last-year student midwives (n=24). Audio tapes were transcribed and a thematic content analysis was performed. The entire data set was coded according to recurrent or common themes. To achieve investigator triangulation and confirm themes, discussions among the researchers was incorporated in the analysis. Students found High-Fidelity Perinatal Simulation training to be a positive learning method that increased both their competence and confidence. Their experiences varied over the different phases of the High-Fidelity Perinatal Simulation training. Although uncertainty, tension, confusion and disappointment were experienced throughout the simulation trajectory, they reported that this did not affect their learning and confidence-building. As High-Fidelity Perinatal Simulation training constitutes a helpful learning experience in midwifery education, it could have a positive influence on maternal and neonatal outcomes. In the long term, it could therefore enhance the midwifery profession in several ways. The present study is an important first step in opening up the debate about the pedagogical use of High-Fidelity Perinatal Simulation training within midwifery education. Copyright © 2017 Australian College of Midwives. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  2. Grappling with cultural differences; communication between oncologists and immigrant cancer patients with and without interpreters.

    PubMed

    Butow, Phyllis; Bell, Melanie; Goldstein, David; Sze, Ming; Aldridge, Lynley; Abdo, Sarah; Mikhail, Michelle; Dong, Skye; Iedema, Rick; Ashgari, Ray; Hui, Rina; Eisenbruch, Maurice

    2011-09-01

    Immigrants report challenges communicating with their health team. This study compared oncology consultations of immigrants with and without interpreters vs Anglo-Australian patients. Patients with newly diagnosed incurable cancer who had immigrated from Arabic, Chinese or Greek speaking countries or were Anglo-Australian, and family members, were recruited from 10 medical oncologists in 9 hospitals. Two consultations from each patient were audio-taped, transcribed, translated into English and coded. Seventy-eight patients (47 immigrant and 31 Anglo-Australian) and 115 family members (77 immigrant and 38 Anglo Australian) participated in 141 audio-taped consultations. Doctors spoke less to immigrants with interpreters than to Anglo-Australians (1443 vs. 2246 words, p=0.0001), spent proportionally less time on cancer related issues (p=0.005) and summarising and informing (p≤0.003) and more time on other medical issues (p=0.0008) and directly advising (p=0.0008). Immigrants with interpreters gave more high intensity cues (10.4 vs 7.4). Twenty percent of cues were not interpreted. Doctors tended to delay responses to or ignore more immigrant than Anglo-Australian cues (13% vs 5%, p=0.06). Immigrant cancer patients with interpreters experience different interactions with their doctors than Anglo-Australians, which may compromise their well-being and decisions. Guidelines and proven training programmes are needed to improve communication with immigrant patients, particularly those with interpreters. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  3. Numerical investigation of heat transfer and friction factor characteristics in a circular tube fitted with V-cut twisted tape inserts.

    PubMed

    Salman, Sami D; Kadhum, Abdul Amir H; Takriff, Mohd S; Mohamad, Abu Bakar

    2013-01-01

    Numerical investigation of the heat transfer and friction factor characteristics of a circular fitted with V-cut twisted tape (VCT) insert with twist ratio (y = 2.93) and different cut depths (w = 0.5, 1, and 1.5 cm) were studied for laminar flow using CFD package (FLUENT-6.3.26). The data obtained from plain tube were verified with the literature correlation to ensure the validation of simulation results. Classical twisted tape (CTT) with different twist ratios (y = 2.93, 3.91, 4.89) were also studied for comparison. The results show that the enhancement of heat transfer rate induced by the classical and V-cut twisted tape inserts increases with the Reynolds number and decreases with twist ratio. The results also revealed that the V-cut twisted tape with twist ratio y = 2.93 and cut depth w = 0.5 cm offered higher heat transfer rate with significant increases in friction factor than other tapes. In addition the results of V-cut twist tape compared with experimental and simulated data of right-left helical tape inserts (RLT), it is found that the V-cut twist tape offered better thermal contact between the surface and the fluid which ultimately leads to a high heat transfer coefficient. Consequently, 107% of maximum heat transfer was obtained by using this configuration.

  4. Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer and Friction Factor Characteristics in a Circular Tube Fitted with V-Cut Twisted Tape Inserts

    PubMed Central

    Salman, Sami D.; Kadhum, Abdul Amir H.; Takriff, Mohd S.; Mohamad, Abu Bakar

    2013-01-01

    Numerical investigation of the heat transfer and friction factor characteristics of a circular fitted with V-cut twisted tape (VCT) insert with twist ratio (y = 2.93) and different cut depths (w = 0.5, 1, and 1.5 cm) were studied for laminar flow using CFD package (FLUENT-6.3.26). The data obtained from plain tube were verified with the literature correlation to ensure the validation of simulation results. Classical twisted tape (CTT) with different twist ratios (y = 2.93, 3.91, 4.89) were also studied for comparison. The results show that the enhancement of heat transfer rate induced by the classical and V-cut twisted tape inserts increases with the Reynolds number and decreases with twist ratio. The results also revealed that the V-cut twisted tape with twist ratio y = 2.93 and cut depth w = 0.5 cm offered higher heat transfer rate with significant increases in friction factor than other tapes. In addition the results of V-cut twist tape compared with experimental and simulated data of right-left helical tape inserts (RLT), it is found that the V-cut twist tape offered better thermal contact between the surface and the fluid which ultimately leads to a high heat transfer coefficient. Consequently, 107% of maximum heat transfer was obtained by using this configuration. PMID:24078795

  5. Simulation and testing of a multichannel system for 3D sound localization

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Matthews, Edward Albert

    Three-dimensional (3D) audio involves the ability to localize sound anywhere in a three-dimensional space. 3D audio can be used to provide the listener with the perception of moving sounds and can provide a realistic listening experience for applications such as gaming, video conferencing, movies, and concerts. The purpose of this research is to simulate and test 3D audio by incorporating auditory localization techniques in a multi-channel speaker system. The objective is to develop an algorithm that can place an audio event in a desired location by calculating and controlling the gain factors of each speaker. A MATLAB simulation displays the location of the speakers and perceived sound, which is verified through experimentation. The scenario in which the listener is not equidistant from each of the speakers is also investigated and simulated. This research is envisioned to lead to a better understanding of human localization of sound, and will contribute to a more realistic listening experience.

  6. Psychological stress measurement through voice output analysis

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Older, H. J.; Jenney, L. L.

    1975-01-01

    Audio tape recordings of selected Skylab communications were processed by a psychological stress evaluator. Strip chart tracings were read blind and scores were assigned based on characteristics reported by the manufacturer to indicate psychological stress. These scores were analyzed for their empirical relationships with operational variables in Skylab judged to represent varying degrees of situational stress. Although some statistically significant relationships were found, the technique was not judged to be sufficiently predictive to warrant its use in assessing the degree of psychological stress of crew members in future space missions.

  7. Experiments and FE modeling of stress-strain state in ReBCO tape under tensile, torsional and transverse load

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ilin, K.; Yagotintsev, K. A.; Zhou, C.; Gao, P.; Kosse, J.; Otten, S. J.; Wessel, W. A. J.; Haugan, T. J.; van der Laan, D. C.; Nijhuis, A.

    2015-05-01

    For high current superconductors in high magnet fields with currents in the order of 50 kA, single ReBCO coated conductors must be assembled in a cable. The geometry of such a cable is mostly such that combined torsion, axial and transverse loading states are anticipated in the tapes and tape joints. The resulting strain distribution, caused by different thermal contraction and electromagnetic forces, will affect the critical current of the tapes. Tape performance when subjected to torsion, tensile and transverse loading is the key to understanding limitations for the composite cable performance. The individual tape material components can be deformed, not only elastically but also plastically under these loads. A set of experimental setups, as well as a convenient and accurate method of stress-strain state modeling based on the finite element method have been developed. Systematic measurements on single ReBCO tapes are carried out combining axial tension and torsion as well as transverse loading. Then the behavior of a single tape subjected to the various applied loads is simulated in the model. This paper presents the results of experimental tests and detailed FE modeling of the 3D stress-strain state in a single ReBCO tape under different loads, taking into account the temperature dependence and the elastic-plastic properties of the tape materials, starting from the initial tape processing conditions during its manufacture up to magnet operating conditions. Furthermore a comparison of the simulations with experiments is presented with special attention for the critical force, the threshold where the tape performance becomes irreversibly degraded. We verified the influence of tape surface profile non-uniformity and copper stabilizer thickness on the critical force. The FE models appear to describe the tape experiments adequately and can thus be used as a solid basis for optimization of various cabling concepts.

  8. Impact of audio-visual storytelling in simulation learning experiences of undergraduate nursing students.

    PubMed

    Johnston, Sandra; Parker, Christina N; Fox, Amanda

    2017-09-01

    Use of high fidelity simulation has become increasingly popular in nursing education to the extent that it is now an integral component of most nursing programs. Anecdotal evidence suggests that students have difficulty engaging with simulation manikins due to their unrealistic appearance. Introduction of the manikin as a 'real patient' with the use of an audio-visual narrative may engage students in the simulated learning experience and impact on their learning. A paucity of literature currently exists on the use of audio-visual narratives to enhance simulated learning experiences. This study aimed to determine if viewing an audio-visual narrative during a simulation pre-brief altered undergraduate nursing student perceptions of the learning experience. A quasi-experimental post-test design was utilised. A convenience sample of final year baccalaureate nursing students at a large metropolitan university. Participants completed a modified version of the Student Satisfaction with Simulation Experiences survey. This 12-item questionnaire contained questions relating to the ability to transfer skills learned in simulation to the real clinical world, the realism of the simulation and the overall value of the learning experience. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise demographic information. Two tailed, independent group t-tests were used to determine statistical differences within the categories. Findings indicated that students reported high levels of value, realism and transferability in relation to the viewing of an audio-visual narrative. Statistically significant results (t=2.38, p<0.02) were evident in the subscale of transferability of learning from simulation to clinical practice. The subgroups of age and gender although not significant indicated some interesting results. High satisfaction with simulation was indicated by all students in relation to value and realism. There was a significant finding in relation to transferability on knowledge and this is vital to quality educational outcomes. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  9. Virtual environment display for a 3D audio room simulation

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Chapin, William L.; Foster, Scott H.

    1992-01-01

    The development of a virtual environment simulation system integrating a 3D acoustic audio model with an immersive 3D visual scene is discussed. The system complements the acoustic model and is specified to: allow the listener to freely move about the space, a room of manipulable size, shape, and audio character, while interactively relocating the sound sources; reinforce the listener's feeling of telepresence in the acoustical environment with visual and proprioceptive sensations; enhance the audio with the graphic and interactive components, rather than overwhelm or reduce it; and serve as a research testbed and technology transfer demonstration. The hardware/software design of two demonstration systems, one installed and one portable, are discussed through the development of four iterative configurations.

  10. Concepts of anemia among low income Nicaraguan women.

    PubMed

    Ailinger, Rita L; Moore, Jean B; Pawloski, Lisa; Cortés, Lidya Ruth Zamora

    2009-01-01

    Anemia is a common health problem among women throughout the world, however, there has been minimal research on women's concepts of anemia. The purpose of this study was to examine concepts of anemia in low income Nicaraguan women. A qualitative design was used. Audio-taped open-ended interviews in Spanish with 14 women were used to obtain data. Tapes were transcribed and content analyzed. The findings indicate that few of the women had biomedically accurate concepts of anemia, such as that it was due to lack of iron from poor eating. Others held folk medical beliefs including home remedies, for example drinking the milk of a mare or beet juice and eating certain foods such as bean soup. Most of the women did not know any symptoms of anemia and a few reported that it can develop into leukemia. These concepts of anemia are instructive for nurses working with patients from Nicaragua and will be useful in developing nursing interventions to alleviate this public health problem.

  11. An analysis of the surface-normal coupling efficiency of a metal grating coupler embedded in a Scotch tape optical waveguide

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Barrios, Carlos Angulo; Canalejas-Tejero, Víctor

    2017-01-01

    The coupling efficiency at normal incidence of recently demonstrated aluminum grating couplers integrated in flexible Scotch tape waveguides has been analyzed theoretically and experimentally. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) and rigorously coupled wave analysis (RCWA) methods have been used to optimize the dimensions (duty cycle and metal thickness) of Scotch tape-embedded 1D Al gratings for maximum coupling at 635 nm wavelength. Good dimension and tape refractive index tolerances are predicted. FDTD simulations reveal the incident beam width and impinging position (alignment) values that avoid rediffraction and thus maximize the coupling efficiency. A 1D Al diffraction grating integrated into a Scotch tape optical waveguide has been fabricated and characterized. The fabrication process, based on pattern transfer, has been optimized to allow complete Al grating transfer onto the Scotch tape waveguide. A maximum coupling efficiency of 20% for TM-polarized normal incidence has been measured, which is in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. The measured coupling efficiency is further increased up to 28% for TM polarization under oblique incidence. Temperature dependence measurements have been also achieved and related to the simulations results and fabrication procedure.

  12. Improved Quick Disconnect (QD) Interface Through Fail Safe Parts Identification

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Blanch-Payne, Evelyn

    2001-01-01

    An extensive review of existing Quick Disconnects (QDs) mating and demating operations was performed to determine which shuttle part interface identifications and procedures contribute to human factor errors. The research methods used consisted of interviews with engineers and technicians, examination of incident reports, critiques of video and audio tapes of QD operations, and attendance of a Hyper QD operational course. The data strongly suggests that there are inherit human factor errors involved in QD operations. To promote fail-safe operations, QD interface problem areas and recommendations were outlined and reviewed. It is suggested that dialogue, investigations and recommendations continue.

  13. Interrater reliability of the DSM-III diagnoses in two Norwegian studies on psychiatric and super obese patients.

    PubMed

    Larsen, F; Vaglum, S

    1986-01-01

    Two Norwegian psychiatrists classified independently according to DSM-III, 45 patients drawn at random from two populations: one of psychiatric patients (N = 161) and one of super obese surgical patients (N = 71). They interviewed the patients and listened to each other's audio-taped interviews afterwards. In the total group, on axis I the overall agreement was 78 percent (kappa = 0.74). On axis II, the overall agreement was 81 percent (kappa = 0.68). The study shows that by using the DSM-III, two Norwegian psychiatrists obtained good diagnostic reliability.

  14. Korean American parents’ reconstruction of immigrant parenting in the United States

    PubMed Central

    Kim, Eunjung; Im, Haesang; Nahm, Eunyoung; Hong, Seunghye

    2017-01-01

    The aim of this qualitative study was to explore 28 Korean American parents’ perceptions of parenting. Interview data were audio taped, transcribed, and analyzed using content analysis. Themes that emerged were: Korean parenting constructed in Korea, European American parenting observed in the United States, and resulting reconstruction of Korean American parenting. The findings indicate that Korean American parents’ perceptions of parenting are deeply rooted in the social contexts of where parents were brought up and where parents raise their children. These findings could be used to develop a culturally and linguistically competent parenting program for Korean American parents. PMID:23362693

  15. Thai female adolescents' perceptions of dating violence.

    PubMed

    Thongpriwan, Vipavee; McElmurry, Beverly J

    2009-10-01

    We explored how Thai female adolescents describe the meaning and context of dating violence. Twenty-four students, aged 15-17, were purposively recruited from a secondary school in Bangkok for individually audio-taped interviews. The interviews lasted 45- 70 minutes. ATLAS ti 5.2 was selected for content analysis. Five themes emerged, including characteristics of adolescent romantic relationships, influences on adolescent romantic relationships, perceptions of dating violence, cycle of dating-violence experiences, and influences on adolescents' perceptions of dating violence. The findings indicate a foundation for developing culturally sensitive programs for dating-violence prevention among Thai adolescents.

  16. Virtual environment display for a 3D audio room simulation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chapin, William L.; Foster, Scott

    1992-06-01

    Recent developments in virtual 3D audio and synthetic aural environments have produced a complex acoustical room simulation. The acoustical simulation models a room with walls, ceiling, and floor of selected sound reflecting/absorbing characteristics and unlimited independent localizable sound sources. This non-visual acoustic simulation, implemented with 4 audio ConvolvotronsTM by Crystal River Engineering and coupled to the listener with a Poihemus IsotrakTM, tracking the listener's head position and orientation, and stereo headphones returning binaural sound, is quite compelling to most listeners with eyes closed. This immersive effect should be reinforced when properly integrated into a full, multi-sensory virtual environment presentation. This paper discusses the design of an interactive, visual virtual environment, complementing the acoustic model and specified to: 1) allow the listener to freely move about the space, a room of manipulable size, shape, and audio character, while interactively relocating the sound sources; 2) reinforce the listener's feeling of telepresence into the acoustical environment with visual and proprioceptive sensations; 3) enhance the audio with the graphic and interactive components, rather than overwhelm or reduce it; and 4) serve as a research testbed and technology transfer demonstration. The hardware/software design of two demonstration systems, one installed and one portable, are discussed through the development of four iterative configurations. The installed system implements a head-coupled, wide-angle, stereo-optic tracker/viewer and multi-computer simulation control. The portable demonstration system implements a head-mounted wide-angle, stereo-optic display, separate head and pointer electro-magnetic position trackers, a heterogeneous parallel graphics processing system, and object oriented C++ program code.

  17. Development of the electronic health records for nursing education (EHRNE) software program.

    PubMed

    Kowitlawakul, Yanika; Wang, Ling; Chan, Sally Wai-Chi

    2013-12-01

    This paper outlines preliminary research of an innovative software program that enables the use of an electronic health record in a nursing education curriculum. The software application program is called EHRNE, which stands for Electronic Heath Record for Nursing Education. The aim of EHRNE is to enhance student's learning of health informatics when they are working in the simulation laboratory. Integrating EHRNE into the nursing curriculum exposes students to electronic health records before they go into the workplace. A qualitative study was conducted using focus group interviews of nine nursing students. Nursing students' perceptions of using the EHRNE application were explored. The interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. The data was analyzed following the Colaizzi (1978) guideline. Four main categories that related to the EHRNE application were identified from the interviews: functionality, data management, timing and complexity, and accessibility. The analysis of the data revealed advantages and limitations of using EHRNE in the classroom setting. Integrating the EHRNE program into the curriculum will promote students' awareness of electronic documentation and enhance students' learning in the simulation laboratory. Preliminary findings suggested that before integrating the EHRNE program into the nursing curriculum, educational sessions for both students and faculty outlining the software's purpose, advantages, and limitations were needed. Following the educational sessions, further investigation of students' perceptions and learning using the EHRNE program is recommended. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  18. Acoustic Calibration of the Exterior Effects Room at the NASA Langley Research Center

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Faller, Kenneth J., II; Rizzi, Stephen A.; Klos, Jacob; Chapin, William L.; Surucu, Fahri; Aumann, Aric R.

    2010-01-01

    The Exterior Effects Room (EER) at the NASA Langley Research Center is a 39-seat auditorium built for psychoacoustic studies of aircraft community noise. The original reproduction system employed monaural playback and hence lacked sound localization capability. In an effort to more closely recreate field test conditions, a significant upgrade was undertaken to allow simulation of a three-dimensional audio and visual environment. The 3D audio system consists of 27 mid and high frequency satellite speakers and 4 subwoofers, driven by a real-time audio server running an implementation of Vector Base Amplitude Panning. The audio server is part of a larger simulation system, which controls the audio and visual presentation of recorded and synthesized aircraft flyovers. The focus of this work is on the calibration of the 3D audio system, including gains used in the amplitude panning algorithm, speaker equalization, and absolute gain control. Because the speakers are installed in an irregularly shaped room, the speaker equalization includes time delay and gain compensation due to different mounting distances from the focal point, filtering for color compensation due to different installations (half space, corner, baffled/unbaffled), and cross-over filtering.

  19. Integration of altitude and airspeed information into a primary flight display via moving-tape formats: Evaluation during random tracking task

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Abbott, Terence S.; Nataupsky, Mark; Steinmetz, George G.

    1987-01-01

    A ground-based aircraft simulation study was conducted to determine the effects on pilot preference and performance of integrating airspeed and altitude information into an advanced electronic primary flight display via moving-tape (linear moving scale) formats. Several key issues relating to the implementation of moving-tape formats were examined in this study: tape centering, tape orientation, and trend information. The factor of centering refers to whether the tape was centered about the actual airspeed or altitude or about some other defined reference value. Tape orientation refers to whether the represented values are arranged in descending or ascending order. Two pilots participated in this study, with each performing 32 runs along seemingly random, previously unknown flight profiles. The data taken, analyzed, and presented consisted of path performance parameters, pilot-control inputs, and electrical brain response measurements.

  20. Nonlinear dynamic macromodeling techniques for audio systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ogrodzki, Jan; Bieńkowski, Piotr

    2015-09-01

    This paper develops a modelling method and a models identification technique for the nonlinear dynamic audio systems. Identification is performed by means of a behavioral approach based on a polynomial approximation. This approach makes use of Discrete Fourier Transform and Harmonic Balance Method. A model of an audio system is first created and identified and then it is simulated in real time using an algorithm of low computational complexity. The algorithm consists in real time emulation of the system response rather than in simulation of the system itself. The proposed software is written in Python language using object oriented programming techniques. The code is optimized for a multithreads environment.

  1. Three dimensional audio versus head down TCAS displays

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Begault, Durand R.; Pittman, Marc T.

    1994-01-01

    The advantage of a head up auditory display was evaluated in an experiment designed to measure and compare the acquisition time for capturing visual targets under two conditions: Standard head down traffic collision avoidance system (TCAS) display, and three-dimensional (3-D) audio TCAS presentation. Ten commercial airline crews were tested under full mission simulation conditions at the NASA Ames Crew-Vehicle Systems Research Facility Advanced Concepts Flight Simulator. Scenario software generated targets corresponding to aircraft which activated a 3-D aural advisory or a TCAS advisory. Results showed a significant difference in target acquisition time between the two conditions, favoring the 3-D audio TCAS condition by 500 ms.

  2. Pharmacists’ views on involvement in pharmacy practice research: Strategies for facilitating participation

    PubMed Central

    Armour, Carol; Brillant, Martha; Krass, Ines

    In order for community pharmacy practice to continue to evolve, pharmacy practice research on potential new services is essential. This requires the active participation of community pharmacists. At present the level of involvement of community pharmacists in pharmacy practice research is minimal. Objectives To ascertain the attitudes of a group of research-experienced community pharmacists towards participating in research; to investigate the barriers and facilitators to participation; to identify potential strategies to increase the involvement of community pharmacists in research. Methods A focus group was conducted with a purposive sample of 11 research-experienced community pharmacists. A pharmacist academic moderated the focus group using a semi-structured interview guide. The participants were asked about their attitudes towards research, previous involvement in research, barriers to their involvement and strategies to overcome these barriers. The session was audio-taped and notes were taken by an observer. Thematic analysis of the notes and audio-tape transcripts was conducted. Results Three themes emerged around pharmacists’ attitudes towards research: pharmacists’ perception of the purpose of research, pharmacists’ motivation for involvement in research, and pharmacists’ desired role in research. Barriers to research participation were grouped into four themes: pharmacists’ mindset, communication, infrastructure (time, money and staff), and skills/knowledge. Strategies to address each of these barriers were suggested. Conclusions Participants recognised the importance of research towards advancing their profession and this was a motivating factor for involvement in research. They perceived their role in research primarily as data collection. A series of practical strategies to overcome the barriers to participation were offered that researchers may wish to consider when promoting research outcomes and designing research projects. PMID:25214919

  3. Digital Linear Tape (DLT) technology and product family overview

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lignos, Demetrios

    1994-01-01

    The demand that began a couple of years ago for increased data storage capacity continues. Peripheral Strategies (a Santa Barbara, California, Storage Market Research Firm) projects the amount of data stored on the average enterprise network will grow by 50 percent to 100 percent per year. Furthermore, Peripheral Strategies says that a typical mid-range workstation system containing 30GB to 50GB of storage today will grow at the rate of 50 percent per year. Dan Friedlander, a Boulder, Colorado-based consultant specializing in PC-LAN backup, says, 'The average NetWare LAN is about 8GB, but there are many that have 30GB to 300GB.....' The substantial growth of storage requirements has created various tape technologies that seek to satisfy the needs of today's and, especially, the next generations's systems and applications. There are five leading tape technologies in the market today: QIC (Quarter Inch Cartridge), IBM 3480/90, 8mm, DAT (Digital Audio Tape) and DLT (Digital Linear Tape). Product performance specifications and user needs have combined to classify these technologies into low-end, mid-range, and high-end systems applications. Although the manufacturers may try to position their products differently, product specifications and market requirements have determined that QIC and DAT are primarily low-end systems products while 8mm and DLT are competing for mid-range systems applications and the high-end systems space, where IBM compatibility is not required. The 3480/90 products seem to be used primarily in the IBM market, for interchangeability purposes. There are advantages and disadvantages for each of the tape technologies in the market today. We believe that DLT technology offers a significant number of very important features and specifications that make it extremely attractive for most current as well as emerging new applications, such as Hierarchical Storage Management (HSM). This paper will demonstrate why we think that the DLT technology and family of DLT products will become the technology of choice for most new applications in the mid-range and high-end (non-IBM) markets.

  4. The VTLA System of Course Delivery and Faculty Development in Materials Education

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Berrettini, Robert; Roy, Rustum

    1996-01-01

    There is a national need for high-quality, upper division courses that address critical topics in materials synthesis, particularly those beyond the present expertise of the typical university department's faculty. A new project has been started to test a novel distance education and faculty development system, called Video Tape Live Audio (VTLA). This, if successful, would at once enlarge the national Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) student cohort studying material synthesis and develop faculty expertise at the receiving sites. The mechanics for the VTLA scheme are as follows: A course is designed in the field selected for emphasis and for which there is likely to be considerable demand, in this example 'Ceramic Materials Synthesis: Theory and Case Studies'. One of the very best researcher/teachers records lectures of TV studio quality with appropriate visuals. Universities and colleges which wish to offer the course agree to offer it at the same hour at least once a week. The videotaped lectures and accompanying text, readings and visuals are shipped to the professor in charge, who has an appropriate background. The professor arranges the classroom TV presentation equipment and supervises the course. Video lectures are played during regular course hours twice a week with time for discussion by the supervising professor. Typically the third weekly classroom period is scheduled by all sites at a common designated hour, during which the course author/presenter answers questions, provides greater depth, etc. on a live audio link to all course sites. Questions are submitted by fax and e-mail prior to the audio tutorial. coordinating professors at various sites have separate audio teleconferences at the beginning and end of the course, dealing with the philosophical and pedagogical approach to the course, content and mechanics. Following service once or twice as an 'apprentice' to the course, the coordinating professors may then offer it without the necessity of the live audio tutorial.

  5. "What did you say?" Using review of tape-recorded interactions to increase social acknowledgments by trainees in a community-based vocational program.

    PubMed

    Grossi, T A; Kimball, J W; Heward, W L

    1994-01-01

    Dana and Rick, two adults with developmental disabilities enrolled in a restaurant training program, had poor prospects for long-term employment because of inappropriate social behavior. They often made no response, mumbled inaudibly, or made a negative remark when spoken to by their supervisors or other employees. Each trainee's Individual Vocational Plan (IVP) included goals of prompt and polite acknowledgement of coworker initiations. Previous efforts to improve Dana and Rick's acknowledging behavior had been unsuccessful. Throughout the study, each trainee's responses to 20 verbal initiations by coworkers (i.e., requests, questions, corrective feedback, praise, and social comments) were recorded during each of two observation periods per workshift. Throughout one of the observation periods during the intervention phases, the trainees carried in their work aprons a small, audio cassette recorder that recorded their interactions with coworkers. The primary intervention consisted of a preworkshift meeting in which the trainee and experimenter reviewed five randomly selected interactions recorded during the previous day's shift. The review included self-evaluation, praise, corrective feedback, and role-play. A multiple baseline across subjects design showed each trainee acknowledged a greater number of coworker initiations as a function of the intervention. Each trainee also acknowledged more coworker initiations during the second observation period when the tape recorder was never worn. In a subsequent intervention phase, Dana reviewed her tape-recorded interactions prior to randomly selected shifts. Rick's acknowledgments increased to a socially valid level when the review procedure was supplemented with graphic feedback. Both trainees continued to acknowledge their coworkers' initiations at levels equal to nondisabled restaurant employees when they no longer wore the tape recorder during a final phase and during follow-up observations 4 to 8 weeks later.

  6. Digital methods of recording color television images on film tape

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Krivitskaya, R. Y.; Semenov, V. M.

    1985-04-01

    Three methods are now available for recording color television images on film tape, directly or after appropriate finish of signal processing. Conventional recording of images from the screens of three kinescopes with synthetic crystal face plates is still most effective for high fidelity. This method was improved by digital preprocessing of brightness color-difference signal. Frame-by-frame storage of these signals in the memory in digital form is followed by gamma and aperture correction and electronic correction of crossover distortions in the color layers of the film with fixing in accordance with specific emulsion procedures. The newer method of recording color television images with line arrays of light-emitting diodes involves dichromic superposing mirrors and a movable scanning mirror. This method allows the use of standard movie cameras, simplifies interlacing-to-linewise conversion and the mechanical equipment, and lengthens exposure time while it shortens recording time. The latest image transform method requires an audio-video recorder, a memory disk, a digital computer, and a decoder. The 9-step procedure includes preprocessing the total color television signal with reduction of noise level and time errors, followed by frame frequency conversion and setting the number of lines. The total signal is then resolved into its brightness and color-difference components and phase errors and image blurring are also reduced. After extraction of R,G,B signals and colorimetric matching of TV camera and film tape, the simultaneous R,B, B signals are converted from interlacing to sequential triades of color-quotient frames with linewise scanning at triple frequency. Color-quotient signals are recorded with an electron beam on a smoothly moving black-and-white film tape under vacuum. While digital techniques improve the signal quality and simplify the control of processes, not requiring stabilization of circuits, image processing is still analog.

  7. Apollo 12 voice transcript pertaining to the geology of the landing site

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Bailey, N.G.; Ulrich, G.E.

    1975-01-01

    This document is an edited record of the conversations between the Apollo 12 astronauts and mission control pertaining to the geology of the landing site. It contains all discussions and observations documenting the lunar landscape, its geologic characteristics, the rocks and soils collected, and the lunar surface photographic record along with supplementary remarks essential to the continuity of events during the mission. This transcript is derived from audio tapes and the NASA Technical Air-to-Ground Voice Transcription and includes time of transcription, and photograph and sample numbers. The report also includes a glossary, landing site amp, and sample table.

  8. Beliefs about causes, symptoms, and stigma associated with severe mental illness among 'highly acculturated' Chinese-American patients.

    PubMed

    Lin, Susan Y

    2013-12-01

    Literature about experiences of mental illness among ethnic minority has tended to focus on first-generation migrants. This study fills that gap by exploring experiences among highly acculturated Chinese-American patients with mental illness. Twenty-nine participants completed semi-structured interviews based on Kleinman's explanatory model, which were audio-taped, transcribed and coded for qualitative analysis. Beliefs about the causes of mental illness included biological factors, head trauma and personal losses. Issues relating to stigma and shame were also discussed. Highly acculturated ethnic minority patients may ascribe to a biomedical model at the same time as ascribing to culture-specific beliefs.

  9. Radiation effects measurements on spacecraft electrostatic discharge tapes, thermal blankets and thermooptical coatings

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bouquet, F. L.; Hribar, V. F.; Metzler, E. C.; Russell, D. A.

    1984-01-01

    Selective results are presented of laboratory radiation tests of metallic foil tapes, thermal blankets, and thermooptical coatings undertaken as part of the development and qualification of materials for the Galileo spacecraft. Of the two metallic foil tapes used for electrical continuity, the adhesive used on the aluminum embossed foil was superior to the copper embossed foil when exposed to simulated Jovian electrons. Proton-irradiation tests performed on a number of thermal blanket samples showed that black polyester on Kapton proved to be a lower weight loss (i.e., outgassing) material than Fluorglas. In addition, preliminary results concerning the response of thermooptical coatings to simulated Jovian electrons show that the ITO-coated polyester over a Kapton surface gave the lowest absorptance.

  10. Digital data detection and synchronization

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Noack, T. L.; Morris, J. F.

    1973-01-01

    The primary accomplishments have been in the analysis and simulation of receivers and bit synchronizers. It has been discovered that tracking rate effects play, a rather fundamental role in both receiver and synchronizer performance, but that data relating to recorder time-base-error, for the proper characterization of this phenomenon, is in rather short supply. It is possible to obtain operationally useful tape recorder time-base-error data from high signal-to-noise ratio tapes using synchronizers with relatively wideband tracking loops. Low signal-to-noise ratio tapes examined in the same way would not be synchronizable. Additional areas of interest covered are receiver false lock, cycle slipping, and other unusual phenomena, which have been described to some extent in this and earlier reports and simulated during the study.

  11. Methods of recording and analysing cough sounds.

    PubMed

    Subburaj, S; Parvez, L; Rajagopalan, T G

    1996-01-01

    Efforts have been directed to evolve a computerized system for acquisition and multi-dimensional analysis of the cough sound. The system consists of a PC-AT486 computer with an ADC board having 12 bit resolution. The audio cough sound is acquired using a sensitive miniature microphone at a sampling rate of 8 kHz in the computer and simultaneously recorded in real time using a digital audio tape recorder which also serves as a back up. Analysis of the cough sound is done in time and frequency domains using the digitized data which provide numerical values for key parameters like cough counts, bouts, their intensity and latency. In addition, the duration of each event and cough patterns provide a unique tool which allows objective evaluation of antitussive and expectorant drugs. Both on-line and off-line checks ensure error-free performance over long periods of time. The entire system has been evaluated for sensitivity, accuracy, precision and reliability. Successful use of this system in clinical studies has established what perhaps is the first integrated approach for the objective evaluation of cough.

  12. Extraterrestrial sound for planetaria: A pedagogical study.

    PubMed

    Leighton, T G; Banda, N; Berges, B; Joseph, P F; White, P R

    2016-08-01

    The purpose of this project was to supply an acoustical simulation device to a local planetarium for use in live shows aimed at engaging and inspiring children in science and engineering. The device plays audio simulations of estimates of the sounds produced by natural phenomena to accompany audio-visual presentations and live shows about Venus, Mars, and Titan. Amongst the simulated noise are the sounds of thunder, wind, and cryo-volcanoes. The device can also modify the speech of the presenter (or audience member) in accordance with the underlying physics to reproduce those vocalizations as if they had been produced on the world under discussion. Given that no time series recordings exist of sounds from other worlds, these sounds had to be simulated. The goal was to ensure that the audio simulations were delivered in time for a planetarium's launch show to enable the requested outreach to children. The exercise has also allowed an explanation of the science and engineering behind the creation of the sounds. This has been achieved for young children, and also for older students and undergraduates, who could then debate the limitations of that method.

  13. Transfer function verification and block diagram simplification of a very high-order distributed pole closed-loop servo by means of non-linear time-response simulation

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mukhopadhyay, A. K.

    1975-01-01

    Linear frequency domain methods are inadequate in analyzing the 1975 Viking Orbiter (VO75) digital tape recorder servo due to dominant nonlinear effects such as servo signal limiting, unidirectional servo control, and static/dynamic Coulomb friction. The frequency loop (speed control) servo of the VO75 tape recorder is used to illustrate the analytical tools and methodology of system redundancy elimination and high order transfer function verification. The paper compares time-domain performance parameters derived from a series of nonlinear time responses with the available experimental data in order to select the best possible analytical transfer function representation of the tape transport (mechanical segment of the tape recorder) from several possible candidates. The study also shows how an analytical time-response simulation taking into account most system nonlinearities can pinpoint system redundancy and overdesign stemming from a strictly empirical design approach. System order reduction is achieved through truncation of individual transfer functions and elimination of redundant blocks.

  14. Integration of altitude and airspeed information into a primary flight display via moving-tape formats

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Abbott, Terence S.; Steinmetz, George G.

    1987-01-01

    A ground-based aircraft simulation study was conducted to determine the effect on pilot performance of replacing the electromechanical altimeter and airspeed indicators with electronically generated representations integrated into the primary flight display via moving-tape (linear moving scale) formats. Several key factors relating to moving-tape formats were examined during the study: tape centering, secondary (trend) information, and tape orientation. The factor of centering refers to whether the tape was centered about the actual airspeed or altitude or about some defined reference value. Tape orientation refers to whether the values represented are arranged in either descending or ascending order. Six pilots participated in this study, with each subject performing 18 runs along a single, known flight profile. Subjective results indicated that the moving-tape formats were generally better than that of the conventional instruments. They also indicated that an actual-centered fixed pointer was preferred to a reference-centered pointer. Performance data for a visual secondary task showed that formats not containing trend information produced better performance; however, no difference was noted in airspeed tracking or altitude tracking performance. Regarding tape orientation, subjective comments indicated that there was lower work load and better performance when the airspeed tape had the high numbers at the top.

  15. An assessment of the accuracy of a novel weight estimation device for children.

    PubMed

    Jung, Jae Yun; Kwak, Young Ho; Kim, Do Kyun; Suh, Dongbum; Chang, Ikwan; Yoon, Chiyul; Lee, Jung Chan; Kim, Hee Chan; Choi, Jae Yeon; Ahn, HeeJeong

    2017-03-01

    We sought to validate the accuracy and assess the efficacy of a newly developed electronic weight estimation device (ie, the rolling tape) for paediatric weight estimation. We enrolled a convenience sample of children aged <17 years presenting to our emergency department who volunteered to participate in the study. The children's heights and weights were measured, and three researchers estimated these values using the rolling tape and Broselow tape at 5 min intervals. The weight estimates of researcher 1, researcher 2 and the Broselow tape were compared with measured values, and mean percentage error (MPE), root mean square error (RMSE) and percentage of estimates within 10% of the actual measured values were calculated. For 30 randomly selected subjects, we compared the time interval from the start of the measurement to the time that orders for epinephrine, defibrillation dose and instrument size could be given in a simulated arrest scenario. We enrolled 906 children (median age 4.0 years). For researcher 1, researcher 2 and the Broselow tape, MPE values were 0.11% (RMSE 2.61 kg), 1.41% (RMSE, 2.61 kg) and 1.72% (RMSE 5.41 kg), respectively, and the percentages of children with predictions within 10% of their actual weight were 75.1%, 75.7% and 60.6%, respectively. In the 30 simulated cases, the mean time for measurement to ordering was significantly shorter (25.8 s vs 35.5 s, p<0.001) for the rolling tape compared with the Broselow tape method. The rolling tape is a good weight estimation tool for children compared with other methods. The rolling tape method significantly decreased the time from weight estimation to orders for essential drug dose, instrument size and defibrillation dose for resuscitation. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

  16. Pilot Comments From the Boeing High Speed Research Aircraft, Cycle 3, Simulation Study of the Effects of Aeroservoelasticity (LaRC.3)

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bailey, Melvin L. (Editor)

    2000-01-01

    This is a compilation of pilot comments from the Boeing High Speed Research Aircraft, Cycle 3, simulation study (LaRC.3) of the effects of aeroservoelasticity, conducted from October to December 1997 at NASA Langley Research Center. This simulation study was conducted using the Visual Motion Simulator. The comments are from direct tape transcriptions and have been edited for spelling only. These comments were made on tape following the completion of each flight card, immediately after the pilot was satisfied with his practice and data recording runs. Six pilots were used in the evaluation and they are identified as pilots A through F.

  17. Effects of audio-visual stimulation on the incidence of restraint ulcers on the Wistar rat

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Martin, M. S.; Martin, F.; Lambert, R.

    1979-01-01

    The role of sensory simulation in restrained rats was investigated. Both mixed audio-visual and pure sound stimuli, ineffective in themselves, were found to cause a significant increase in the incidence of restraint ulcers in the Wistar Rat.

  18. Real time simulation using position sensing

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Isbell, William B. (Inventor); Taylor, Jason A. (Inventor); Studor, George F. (Inventor); Womack, Robert W. (Inventor); Hilferty, Michael F. (Inventor); Bacon, Bruce R. (Inventor)

    2000-01-01

    An interactive exercise system including exercise equipment having a resistance system, a speed sensor, a controller that varies the resistance setting of the exercise equipment, and a playback device for playing pre-recorded video and audio. The controller, operating in conjunction with speed information from the speed sensor and terrain information from media table files, dynamically varies the resistance setting of the exercise equipment in order to simulate varying degrees of difficulty while the playback device concurrently plays back the video and audio to create the simulation that the user is exercising in a natural setting such as a real-world exercise course.

  19. Contact Analog/Compressed Symbology Heading Tape Assessment

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shively, R. Jay; Atencio, Adolph; Turpin, Terry; Dowell, Susan

    2002-01-01

    A simulation assessed the performance, handling qualities and workload associated with a contact-analog, world-referenced heading tape as implemented on the Comanche Helmet Integrated Display Sight System (HIDSS) when compared with a screen-fixed, compressed heading tape. Six pilots, four active duty Army Aviators and two civilians flew three ADS-33 maneuvers and a traffic pattern in the Ames Vertical Motion Simulation facility. Small, but statistically significant advantages were found for the compressed symbology for handling qualities, workload, and some of the performance measures. It should be noted however that the level of performance and handling qualities for both symbology sets fell within the acceptable tolerance levels. Both symbology sets yield satisfactory handling qualities and performance in velocity stabilization mode and adequate handling qualities in the automatic flight control mode. Pilot comments about the contact analog symbology highlighted the lack of useful rate of change information in the heading tape and "blurring" due to the rapid movement of the heading tape. These issues warrant further study. Care must be taken in interpreting the operational significance of these results. The symbology sets yielded categorically similar data, i.e., acceptable handling qualities and adequate performance, so while the results point to the need for further study, their operational significance has yet to be determined.

  20. Heat Transfer Enhancement of Laminar Nanofluids Flow in a Circular Tube Fitted with Parabolic-Cut Twisted Tape Inserts

    PubMed Central

    Salman, Sami D.; Kadhum, Abdul Amir H.; Takriff, Mohd S.; Mohamad, Abu Bakar

    2014-01-01

    Numerical investigation has been carried out on heat transfer and friction factor characteristics of copper-water nanofluid flow in a constant heat-fluxed tube with the existence of new configuration of vortex generator using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. Two types of swirl flow generator: Classical twisted tape (CTT) and Parabolic-cut twisted tape (PCT) with a different twist ratio (y = 2.93, 3.91 and 4.89) and different cut depth (w = 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 cm) with 2% and 4% volume concentration of CuO nanofluid were used for simulation. The effect of different parameters such as flow Reynolds number, twist ratio, cut depth and nanofluid were considered. The results show that the enhancement of heat transfer rate and the friction factor induced by the Classical (CTT) and Parabolic-cut (PCT) inserts increases with twist ratio and cut depth decreases. The results also revealed that the heat transfer enhancement increases with an increase in the volume fraction of the CuO nanoparticle. Furthermore, the twisted tape with twist ratio (y = 2.93) and cut depth w = 0.5 cm offered 10% enhancement of the average Nusselt number with significant increases in friction factor than those of Classical twisted tape. PMID:24605055

  1. Exploring the Implementation of Steganography Protocols on Quantum Audio Signals

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chen, Kehan; Yan, Fei; Iliyasu, Abdullah M.; Zhao, Jianping

    2018-02-01

    Two quantum audio steganography (QAS) protocols are proposed, each of which manipulates or modifies the least significant qubit (LSQb) of the host quantum audio signal that is encoded as an FRQA (flexible representation of quantum audio) audio content. The first protocol (i.e. the conventional LSQb QAS protocol or simply the cLSQ stego protocol) is built on the exchanges between qubits encoding the quantum audio message and the LSQb of the amplitude information in the host quantum audio samples. In the second protocol, the embedding procedure to realize it implants information from a quantum audio message deep into the constraint-imposed most significant qubit (MSQb) of the host quantum audio samples, we refer to it as the pseudo MSQb QAS protocol or simply the pMSQ stego protocol. The cLSQ stego protocol is designed to guarantee high imperceptibility between the host quantum audio and its stego version, whereas the pMSQ stego protocol ensures that the resulting stego quantum audio signal is better immune to illicit tampering and copyright violations (a.k.a. robustness). Built on the circuit model of quantum computation, the circuit networks to execute the embedding and extraction algorithms of both QAS protocols are determined and simulation-based experiments are conducted to demonstrate their implementation. Outcomes attest that both protocols offer promising trade-offs in terms of imperceptibility and robustness.

  2. Advanced Space Shuttle simulation model

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Tatom, F. B.; Smith, S. R.

    1982-01-01

    A non-recursive model (based on von Karman spectra) for atmospheric turbulence along the flight path of the shuttle orbiter was developed. It provides for simulation of instantaneous vertical and horizontal gusts at the vehicle center-of-gravity, and also for simulation of instantaneous gusts gradients. Based on this model the time series for both gusts and gust gradients were generated and stored on a series of magnetic tapes, entitled Shuttle Simulation Turbulence Tapes (SSTT). The time series are designed to represent atmospheric turbulence from ground level to an altitude of 120,000 meters. A description of the turbulence generation procedure is provided. The results of validating the simulated turbulence are described. Conclusions and recommendations are presented. One-dimensional von Karman spectra are tabulated, while a discussion of the minimum frequency simulated is provided. The results of spectral and statistical analyses of the SSTT are presented.

  3. A pilot training manual for the terminal configured vehicle electronic attitude director indicator

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Gandelman, J.

    1980-01-01

    A hard copy version is presented of a 28-minute, 90 slide audiovisual program which provides the basic instructional format for introduction to the terminal configured vehicle electronic attitude director indicator (EADI) and the strategy for learning the symbols used on the EADI and their interpretation. The basic strategy is to start with known symbols and then introduce all new symbols with emphasis appropriate to their complexity and frequency of use. The upper half of each page of the manual contains a reproduction of the slide. The text associated with the slide is found on the lower half of each page and is recorded on audio tape.

  4. Men's help-seeking behavior with regards to lower bowel symptoms.

    PubMed

    Oberoi, Devesh V; Jiwa, Moyez; McManus, Alexandra; Hodder, Rupert

    2015-03-01

    To explore the barriers to help-seeking among men experiencing lower bowel symptoms. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 men recruited via purposive sampling. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed, and analyzed thematically. Misinterpretation of the symptoms and the attribution of the symptoms to non-medical causes were common barriers to help-seeking. Other barriers include the cost of consulting a GP, llow level of confidence in consultation, and fear of cancer diagnosis. Some participants did not seek medical advice as the symptoms were intermittent or resolved with over-the-counter medications. There is a need for health promotion campaigns for men with regards to seeking timely medical advice for lower bowel symptoms.

  5. The many facets of auditory display

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Blattner, Meera M.

    1995-01-01

    In this presentation we will examine some of the ways sound can be used in a virtual world. We make the case that many different types of audio experience are available to us. A full range of audio experiences include: music, speech, real-world sounds, auditory displays, and auditory cues or messages. The technology of recreating real-world sounds through physical modeling has advanced in the past few years allowing better simulation of virtual worlds. Three-dimensional audio has further enriched our sensory experiences.

  6. Design optimization of superconducting coils based on asymmetrical characteristics of REBCO tapes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hong, Zhiyong; Li, Wenrong; Chen, Yanjun; Gömöry, Fedor; Frolek, Lubomír; Zhang, Min; Sheng, Jie

    2018-07-01

    Angle dependence Ic(B,θ) of superconducting tape is a crucial parameter to calculate the influence of magnetic field during the design of superconducting applications,. This paper focuses on the asymmetrical characteristics found in REBCO tapes and further applications based on this phenomenon. This paper starts with angle dependence measurements of different HTS tapes, asymmetrical characteristics are found in some of the testing samples. On basis of this property, optimization of superconducting coils in superconducting motor, transformer and insert magnet is discussed by simulation. Simplified experiments which represent the structure of insert magnet were carried out to prove the validity of numerical studies. Conclusions obtained in this paper show that the asymmetrical property of superconducting tape is quite important in design of superconducting applications, and optimized winding technique based on this property can be used to improve the performance of superconducting devices.

  7. Evaluation of non-specular reflecting silvered Teflon and filled adhesives

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bourland, G.; Cox, R. L.

    1981-01-01

    A non-specular silver-Teflon tape thermal control coating was tested to provide the data necessary to qualify it for use on the Space Shuttle Orbiter radiators. Effects of cure cycle temperature and pressure on optical and mechanical properties on the silver-Teflon tape were evaluated. The baseline Permacel P-223 adhesive, used with the specular silver-Teflon tape initially qualified for the Orbiter radiators, and four alternate metal-filled and unfilled adhesives were evaluated. Tests showed the cure process has no effect on the silver-Teflon optical properties, and that the baseline adhesive cure cycle gives best results. In addition the P-223 adhesive bond is more reproducible than the alternates, and the non-specular tape meets both the mechanical and the optical requirements of the Orbiter radiator coating specification. Existing Orbiter coating techniques were demonstrated to be effective in aplying the non-specular tape to a curved panel simulating the radiators. Author

  8. "Replaying Life's Tape": Simulations, metaphors, and historicity in Stephen Jay Gould's view of life.

    PubMed

    Sepkoski, David

    2016-08-01

    In a famous thought experiment, Stephen Jay Gould asked whether, if one could somehow rewind the history of life back to its initial starting point, the same results would obtain when the "tape" was run forward again. This hypothetical experiment is generally understood as a metaphor supporting Gould's philosophy of evolutionary contingency, which he developed and promoted from the late 1980s until his death in 2002. However, there was a very literal, non-metaphorical inspiration for Gould's thought experiment: since the early 1970s, Gould, along with a group of other paleontologists, was actively engaged in attempts to model and reconstruct the history of life using computer simulations and database analysis. These simulation projects not only demonstrate the impact that computers had on data analysis in paleontology, but also shed light on the close relationship between models and empirical data in data-oriented science. In a sense, I will argue, the models developed by paleontologists through simulation and quantitative analysis of the empirical fossil record in the 1970s and beyond were literal attempts to "replay life's tape" by reconstructing the history of life as data. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. Concurrent audio-visual feedback for supporting drivers at intersections: A study using two linked driving simulators.

    PubMed

    Houtenbos, M; de Winter, J C F; Hale, A R; Wieringa, P A; Hagenzieker, M P

    2017-04-01

    A large portion of road traffic crashes occur at intersections for the reason that drivers lack necessary visual information. This research examined the effects of an audio-visual display that provides real-time sonification and visualization of the speed and direction of another car approaching the crossroads on an intersecting road. The location of red blinking lights (left vs. right on the speedometer) and the lateral input direction of beeps (left vs. right ear in headphones) corresponded to the direction from where the other car approached, and the blink and beep rates were a function of the approaching car's speed. Two driving simulators were linked so that the participant and the experimenter drove in the same virtual world. Participants (N = 25) completed four sessions (two with the audio-visual display on, two with the audio-visual display off), each session consisting of 22 intersections at which the experimenter approached from the left or right and either maintained speed or slowed down. Compared to driving with the display off, the audio-visual display resulted in enhanced traffic efficiency (i.e., greater mean speed, less coasting) while not compromising safety (i.e., the time gap between the two vehicles was equivalent). A post-experiment questionnaire showed that the beeps were regarded as more useful than the lights. It is argued that the audio-visual display is a promising means of supporting drivers until fully automated driving is technically feasible. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  10. Nurse practitioner preferences for distance education methods related to learning style, course content, and achievement.

    PubMed

    Andrusyszyn, M A; Cragg, C E; Humbert, J

    2001-04-01

    The relationships among multiple distance delivery methods, preferred learning style, content, and achievement was sought for primary care nurse practitioner students. A researcher-designed questionnaire was completed by 86 (71%) participants, while 6 engaged in follow-up interviews. The results of the study included: participants preferred learning by "considering the big picture"; "setting own learning plans"; and "focusing on concrete examples." Several positive associations were found: learning on own with learning by reading, and setting own learning plans; small group with learning through discussion; large group with learning new things through hearing and with having learning plans set by others. The most preferred method was print-based material and the least preferred method was audio tape. The most suited method for content included video teleconferencing for counseling, political action, and transcultural issues; and video tape for physical assessment. Convenience, self-direction, and timing of learning were more important than delivery method or learning style. Preferred order of learning was reading, discussing, observing, doing, and reflecting. Recommended considerations when designing distance courses include a mix of delivery methods, specific content, outcomes, learner characteristics, and state of technology.

  11. Analysis of impact/impulse noise for predicting noise induced hearing loss

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Vipperman, Jeffrey S.; Prince, Mary M.; Flamm, Angela M.

    2003-04-01

    Studies indicate that the statistical properties and temporal structure of the sound signal are important in determining the extent of hearing hazard. As part of a pilot study to examine hearing conservation program effectiveness, NIOSH collected noise samples of impact noise sources in an automobile stamping plant, focusing on jobs with peak sound levels (Lpk) of greater than 120 dB. Digital tape recordings of sounds were collected using a Type I Precision Sound Level Meter and microphone connected to a DAT tape recorder. The events were archived and processed as .wav files to extract single events of interest on CD-R media and CD audio media. A preliminary analysis of sample wavelet files was conducted to characterize each event using metrics such as the number of impulses per unit time, the repetition rate or temporal pattern of these impulses, index of peakedness, crest factor, kurtosis, coefficient of kurtosis, rise time, fall time, and peak time. The spectrum, duration, and inverse of duration for each waveform were also computed. Finally, the data were evaluated with the Auditory Hazard Assessment Algorithm (AHAAH). Improvements to data collection for a future study examining different strategies for evaluating industrial noise exposure will be discussed.

  12. Study of the effect of static/dynamic Coulomb friction variation at the tape-head interface of a spacecraft tape recorder by non-linear time response simulation

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mukhopadhyay, A. K.

    1978-01-01

    A description is presented of six simulation cases investigating the effect of the variation of static-dynamic Coulomb friction on servo system stability/performance. The upper and lower levels of dynamic Coulomb friction which allowed operation within requirements were determined roughly to be three times and 50% respectively of nominal values considered in a table. A useful application for the nonlinear time response simulation is the sensitivity analysis of final hardware design with respect to such system parameters as cannot be varied realistically or easily in the actual hardware. Parameters of the static/dynamic Coulomb friction fall in this category.

  13. Toward shared care for people with cancer: developing the model with patients and GPs.

    PubMed

    Hall, Susan J; Samuel, Leslie M; Murchie, Peter

    2011-10-01

    The number of people surviving cancer for extended periods is increasing. Consequently, due to workload and quality issues, there is considerable interest in alternatives to traditional secondary care-led cancer follow-up. To explore the views of potential recipients of shared follow-up of cancer. To conduct a modelling exercise for shared follow-up and to explore the opinions and experiences of both the patients and GPs involved. Semi-structured audio-taped telephone or face-to-face interviews were conducted with 18 patients with a range of cancers currently attending for structured follow-up in secondary care. Six GPs and five patients (four with melanoma and one with stable metastatic colorectal cancer) took part in a shared follow-up modelling exercise. During the modelling exercise, the GPs attended 4 review meetings, which included brief training seminars, and at the conclusion 10 individuals took part in semi-structured audio-taped telephone or face-to-face interviews. Many rural patients, and some urban patients, would appreciate follow-up being available nearer to home with the associated benefits of time saved and easier parking and continuity of care. Patients have concerns related to the level of extra training received by the GP and loss of contact with their consultant. GPs have concerns about gaining and maintaining the clinical skills needed to conduct follow-up, especially if the numbers of patients seen are small. They also have concerns about lack of support from other GPs, and some administrative and organizational issues. Many patients would be willing to have GPs share their cancer follow-up with the caveat that they had received extra training and were appropriately supported by secondary care specialists. Patients attending shared care clinics appreciated a local service and longer appointment times. GPs stress the importance of maintaining their own clinical skills and reliable clinical and administrative support from secondary care.

  14. English language learners with learning disabilities interacting in a science class within an inclusion setting

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ayala, Vivian Luz

    In today's schools there are by far more students identified with learning disabilities (LD) than with any other disability. The U.S. Department of Education in the year 1997--98 reported that there are 38.13% students with LD in our nations' schools (Smith, Polloway, Patton, & Dowdy, 2001; U.S. Department of Education, 1999). Of those, 1,198,200 are considered ELLs with LD (Baca & Cervantes. 1998). These figures which represent an increase evidence the need to provide these students with educational experiences geared to address both their academic and language needs (Ortiz, 1997; Ortiz, & Garcia, 1995). English language learners with LD must be provided with experiences in the least restrictive environment (LRE) and must be able to share the same kind of social and academic experiences as those students from the general population (Etscheidt & Bartlett, 1999; Lloyd, Kameenui, & Chard, 1997) The purpose of this research was to conduct a detailed qualitative study on classroom interactions to enhance the understanding of the science curriculum in order to foster the understanding of content and facilitate the acquisition of English as a second language (Cummins, 2000; Echevarria, Vogt, & Short, 2000). This study was grounded on the theories of socioconstructivism, second language acquisition, comprehensible input, and classroom interactions. The participants of the study were fourth and fifth grade ELLS with LD in a science elementary school bilingual inclusive setting. Data was collected through observations, semi-structured interviews (students and teacher), video and audio taping, field notes, document analysis, and the Classroom Observation Schedule (COS). The transcriptions of the video and audio tapes were coded to highlight emergent patterns on the type of interactions and language used by the participants. The findings of the study intend to provide information for teachers of ELLs with LD about the implications of using classroom interactions point to: students more actively engaged, an increase in the acquisition of L2, development of science content vocabulary, and a willingness of students to take risks.

  15. TVT ABBREVO: cadaveric study of tape position in foramen obturatum and adductor region.

    PubMed

    Hubka, Petr; Nanka, Ondrej; Masata, Jaromir; Martan, Alois; Svabik, Kamil

    2016-07-01

    The aim of the study was to describe fixation of the TVT ABBREVO and establish whether the tape penetrates through obturator muscles and membrane (obturator complex) into the adductor region and, if so, how far it penetrates. Eight formalin-embalmed female cadavers were used to simulate TVT ABBREVO surgery (totalling 16 insertions). Following tape insertion, dissection was performed and ends of the tape were identified. In cases of penetration, the length of tape penetrating into the adductor region was measured. Of the 16 cases, the tape ended in the obturator membrane in eight, in the internal obturator muscle in one, and penetrated through the obturator membrane into the external obturator muscle in five, where it remained. In two cases, it penetrated through the obturator internus muscle, obturator membrane and obturator externus muscle into the group of thigh adductors; one penetration was by 3 mm and the second by 10 mm. No contact with the obturator nerve or its branches was noted in any case. No TVT contact with the obturator nerve was noted; tape penetrated into the adductor region in two of the 16 cases.

  16. A dynamic response and eye scanning data base useful in the development of theories and methods for the description of control/display relationships

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Klein, R.

    1972-01-01

    A set of specially prepared digital tapes is reported which contain synchronized measurements of pilot scanning behavior, control response, and vehicle response obtained during instrument landing system approaches made in a fixed-base DC-8 transport simulator. The objective of the master tape is to provide a common data base which can be used by the research community to test theories, models, and methods for describing and analyzing control/display relations and interactions. The experimental conditions and tasks used to obtain the data and the detailed format of the tapes are described. Conventional instrument panel and controls were used, with simulated vertical gust and glide slope beam bend forcing functions. Continuous pilot eye fixations and scan traffic on the panel were measured. Both flight director and standard localizer/glide slope types of approaches were made, with both fixed and variable instrument range sensitivities.

  17. Enhancing Navigation Skills through Audio Gaming.

    PubMed

    Sánchez, Jaime; Sáenz, Mauricio; Pascual-Leone, Alvaro; Merabet, Lotfi

    2010-01-01

    We present the design, development and initial cognitive evaluation of an Audio-based Environment Simulator (AbES). This software allows a blind user to navigate through a virtual representation of a real space for the purposes of training orientation and mobility skills. Our findings indicate that users feel satisfied and self-confident when interacting with the audio-based interface, and the embedded sounds allow them to correctly orient themselves and navigate within the virtual world. Furthermore, users are able to transfer spatial information acquired through virtual interactions into real world navigation and problem solving tasks.

  18. Enhancing Navigation Skills through Audio Gaming

    PubMed Central

    Sánchez, Jaime; Sáenz, Mauricio; Pascual-Leone, Alvaro; Merabet, Lotfi

    2014-01-01

    We present the design, development and initial cognitive evaluation of an Audio-based Environment Simulator (AbES). This software allows a blind user to navigate through a virtual representation of a real space for the purposes of training orientation and mobility skills. Our findings indicate that users feel satisfied and self-confident when interacting with the audio-based interface, and the embedded sounds allow them to correctly orient themselves and navigate within the virtual world. Furthermore, users are able to transfer spatial information acquired through virtual interactions into real world navigation and problem solving tasks. PMID:25505796

  19. Compact discs as versatile cost-effective substrates for releasable nanopatterned aluminium films

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Barrios, Carlos Angulo; Canalejas-Tejero, Víctor

    2015-02-01

    We demonstrate that standard polycarbonate compact disk surfaces can provide unique adhesion to Al films that is both strong enough to permit Al film nanopatterning and weak enough to allow easy nanopatterned Al film detachment using Scotch tape. Transferred Al nanohole arrays on Scotch tape exhibit excellent optical and plasmonic performance.We demonstrate that standard polycarbonate compact disk surfaces can provide unique adhesion to Al films that is both strong enough to permit Al film nanopatterning and weak enough to allow easy nanopatterned Al film detachment using Scotch tape. Transferred Al nanohole arrays on Scotch tape exhibit excellent optical and plasmonic performance. Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: 1. Optical simulations (Fig. SI.1); 2. Optical coupling via an Al NHA on the Scotch tape (Fig. SI.2); 3. Electrostatics-based opto-mechanical cantilever (Fig. SI.3). Video 1. Transfer of the Al film nanostructured with a nanohole array from a polycarbonate CD surface onto a Scotch tape; Video 2. Opto-mechanical electrostatics-based sensor: electrical attraction. Video 3. Opto-mechanical electrostatics-based sensor: electrical repulsion. See DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06271j

  20. Using the integral equations method to model a 2G racetrack coil with anisotropic critical current dependence

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Martins, F. G. R.; Sass, F.; Barusco, P.; Ferreira, A. C.; de Andrade, R., Jr.

    2017-11-01

    Second-generation (2G) superconducting wires have already proved their potential in several applications. These materials have a highly nonlinear behavior that turns an optimized engineering project into a challenge. Between several numerical techniques that can be used to perform this task, the integral equations (IE) method stands out for avoiding mesh problems by representing the 2G wire cross-sectional area by a line. While most applications need to be represented in a 3D geometry, the IE is limited to longitudinal or axisymmetric models. This work demonstrates that a complex 3D geometry can be modeled by several coupled simulations using the IE method. In order to prove this statement, the proposed technique was used to simulate a 2G racetrack coil considering the self-field magnitude (B) and incidence angle (θ) on the tape. The J c characteristic was modeled in terms of parallel and normal to the tape plane magnetic field components (J c(B ∥ , B ⊥)) obtained from a V-I(B, θ) characterization of a tape segment. This result was implemented using commercial software with both A-V (vector magnetic potential and scalar voltage potential) and IE coupled simulations solved by finite elements. This solution bypasses the meshing problem due to the tapes slim geometry, considering each turn a single 1D model, all magnetically interacting in two 2D models. The simulations results are in good agreement to what was both expected and observed in the literature. The simulation is compared to the measured V-I characteristic for a single pancake racetrack coil built with same geometry as its simulation models, and a theoretical study demonstrates the possibilities of the proposed tool for analyzing a racetrack coil current density and electric field behavior in each of its turns.

  1. A Comparison of Four Simulation and Instructional Methods for Endodontic Review.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sandoval, Victor A.; And Others

    1987-01-01

    The effects of four different endodontic self-instructional review formats (slide-tape, latent-image simulation, computer text simulation, and computer-assisted video interactive simulation) on senior clinical endodontic performance are compared. Student evaluations, as well as comparative developmental expenditures, are discussed. (Author/MLW)

  2. Humanistic approach to nursing education: lived experiences of Iranian nursing students.

    PubMed

    Ghiyasvandian, Shahrzad; Bolourchifard, Fariba; Parsa Yekta, Zohreh

    2014-09-28

    The nurse teachers tried to have a complete understanding of the educational contents, to transfer knowledge to nursing students better, and to facilitate the process of education. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of Iranian nursing students regarding the characteristics of academic nurse teachers. In this hermeneutic phenomenological study, data were collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 12 Iranian nursing students and the audio-taped and transcribed interviews analyzed according to Van Manen´s method. The main theme emerged during data analysis, was "humanistic approach to nursing education". The theme was extracted from 2 sub-themes including 'ethical necessities' and 'effective interaction'. The findings present greater understanding of humanistic approach to nursing education.

  3. A teaching bank of audiovisual materials for family practice.

    PubMed

    Geyman, J P; Brown, T C

    1975-10-01

    Although increasing emphasis has been placed in recent years on the production and use of audiovisual materials in medical education, little work has yet been done on the identification and application of these materials in family practice teaching programs. This paper describes the content, uses, limitations, and initial experience of a Teaching Bank developed to support family practice teaching in varied settings. Video cassette and tape-slide units are most useful; audio cassettes alone are less likely to be selected. The evaluation of content, quality, and effectiveness of audiovisual media poses a particular problem. Although audiovisual materials can enhance learning based on different individual learning needs and styles, they cannot stand alone and usually must be supplemented by other teaching methods.

  4. Pre-recorded instructional audio vs. dispatchers' conversational assistance in telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A randomized controlled simulation study.

    PubMed

    Birkun, Alexei; Glotov, Maksim; Ndjamen, Herman Franklin; Alaiye, Esther; Adeleke, Temidara; Samarin, Sergey

    2018-01-01

    To assess the effectiveness of the telephone chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guided by a pre-recorded instructional audio when compared with dispatcher-assisted resuscitation. It was a prospective, blind, randomised controlled study involving 109 medical students without previous CPR training. In a standardized mannequin scenario, after the step of dispatcher-assisted cardiac arrest recognition, the participants performed compression-only resuscitation guided over the telephone by either: (1) the pre-recorded instructional audio ( n =57); or (2) verbal dispatcher assistance ( n =52). The simulation video records were reviewed to assess the CPR performance using a 13-item checklist. The interval from call reception to the first compression, total number and rate of compressions, total number and duration of pauses after the first compression were also recorded. There were no significant differences between the recording-assisted and dispatcher-assisted groups based on the overall performance score (5.6±2.2 vs. 5.1±1.9, P >0.05) or individual criteria of the CPR performance checklist. The recording-assisted group demonstrated significantly shorter time interval from call receipt to the first compression (86.0±14.3 vs. 91.2±14.2 s, P <0.05), higher compression rate (94.9±26.4 vs. 89.1±32.8 min -1 ) and number of compressions provided (170.2±48.0 vs. 156.2±60.7). When provided by untrained persons in the simulated settings, the compression-only resuscitation guided by the pre-recorded instructional audio is no less efficient than dispatcher-assisted CPR. Future studies are warranted to further assess feasibility of using instructional audio aid as a potential alternative to dispatcher assistance.

  5. Pre-recorded instructional audio vs. dispatchers’ conversational assistance in telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A randomized controlled simulation study

    PubMed Central

    Birkun, Alexei; Glotov, Maksim; Ndjamen, Herman Franklin; Alaiye, Esther; Adeleke, Temidara; Samarin, Sergey

    2018-01-01

    BACKGROUND: To assess the effectiveness of the telephone chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guided by a pre-recorded instructional audio when compared with dispatcher-assisted resuscitation. METHODS: It was a prospective, blind, randomised controlled study involving 109 medical students without previous CPR training. In a standardized mannequin scenario, after the step of dispatcher-assisted cardiac arrest recognition, the participants performed compression-only resuscitation guided over the telephone by either: (1) the pre-recorded instructional audio (n=57); or (2) verbal dispatcher assistance (n=52). The simulation video records were reviewed to assess the CPR performance using a 13-item checklist. The interval from call reception to the first compression, total number and rate of compressions, total number and duration of pauses after the first compression were also recorded. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the recording-assisted and dispatcher-assisted groups based on the overall performance score (5.6±2.2 vs. 5.1±1.9, P>0.05) or individual criteria of the CPR performance checklist. The recording-assisted group demonstrated significantly shorter time interval from call receipt to the first compression (86.0±14.3 vs. 91.2±14.2 s, P<0.05), higher compression rate (94.9±26.4 vs. 89.1±32.8 min-1) and number of compressions provided (170.2±48.0 vs. 156.2±60.7). CONCLUSION: When provided by untrained persons in the simulated settings, the compression-only resuscitation guided by the pre-recorded instructional audio is no less efficient than dispatcher-assisted CPR. Future studies are warranted to further assess feasibility of using instructional audio aid as a potential alternative to dispatcher assistance.

  6. StirMark Benchmark: audio watermarking attacks based on lossy compression

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Steinebach, Martin; Lang, Andreas; Dittmann, Jana

    2002-04-01

    StirMark Benchmark is a well-known evaluation tool for watermarking robustness. Additional attacks are added to it continuously. To enable application based evaluation, in our paper we address attacks against audio watermarks based on lossy audio compression algorithms to be included in the test environment. We discuss the effect of different lossy compression algorithms like MPEG-2 audio Layer 3, Ogg or VQF on a selection of audio test data. Our focus is on changes regarding the basic characteristics of the audio data like spectrum or average power and on removal of embedded watermarks. Furthermore we compare results of different watermarking algorithms and show that lossy compression is still a challenge for most of them. There are two strategies for adding evaluation of robustness against lossy compression to StirMark Benchmark: (a) use of existing free compression algorithms (b) implementation of a generic lossy compression simulation. We discuss how such a model can be implemented based on the results of our tests. This method is less complex, as no real psycho acoustic model has to be applied. Our model can be used for audio watermarking evaluation of numerous application fields. As an example, we describe its importance for e-commerce applications with watermarking security.

  7. Simulator study of the effect of visual-motion time delays on pilot tracking performance with an audio side task

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Riley, D. R.; Miller, G. K., Jr.

    1978-01-01

    The effect of time delay was determined in the visual and motion cues in a flight simulator on pilot performance in tracking a target aircraft that was oscillating sinusoidally in altitude only. An audio side task was used to assure the subject was fully occupied at all times. The results indicate that, within the test grid employed, about the same acceptable time delay (250 msec) was obtained for a single aircraft (fighter type) by each of two subjects for both fixed-base and motion-base conditions. Acceptable time delay is defined as the largest amount of delay that can be inserted simultaneously into the visual and motion cues before performance degradation occurs. A statistical analysis of the data was made to establish this value of time delay. Audio side task provided quantitative data that documented the subject's work level.

  8. Simulation of prenatal maternal sounds in NICU incubators: a pilot safety and feasibility study.

    PubMed

    Panagiotidis, John; Lahav, Amir

    2010-10-01

    This pilot study evaluated the safety and feasibility of an innovative audio system for transmitting maternal sounds to NICU incubators. A sample of biological sounds, consisting of voice and heartbeat, were recorded from a mother of a premature infant admitted to our unit. The maternal sounds were then played back inside an unoccupied incubator via a specialized audio system originated and compiled in our lab. We performed a series of evaluations to determine the safety and feasibility of using this system in NICU incubators. The proposed audio system was found to be safe and feasible, meeting criteria for humidity and temperature resistance, as well as for safe noise levels. Simulation of maternal sounds using this system seems achievable and applicable and received local support from medical staff. Further research and technology developments are needed to optimize the design of the NICU incubators to preserve the acoustic environment of the womb.

  9. The use of computer simulations in whole-class versus small-group settings

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Smetana, Lara Kathleen

    This study explored the use of computer simulations in a whole-class as compared to small-group setting. Specific consideration was given to the nature and impact of classroom conversations and interactions when computer simulations were incorporated into a high school chemistry course. This investigation fills a need for qualitative research that focuses on the social dimensions of actual classrooms. Participants included a novice chemistry teacher experienced in the use of educational technologies and two honors chemistry classes. The study was conducted in a rural school in the south-Atlantic United States at the end of the fall 2007 semester. The study took place during one instructional unit on atomic structure. Data collection allowed for triangulation of evidence from a variety of sources approximately 24 hours of video- and audio-taped classroom observations, supplemented with the researcher's field notes and analytic journal; miscellaneous classroom artifacts such as class notes, worksheets, and assignments; open-ended pre- and post-assessments; student exit interviews; teacher entrance, exit and informal interviews. Four web-based simulations were used, three of which were from the ExploreLearning collection. Assessments were analyzed using descriptive statistics and classroom observations, artifacts and interviews were analyzed using Erickson's (1986) guidelines for analytic induction. Conversational analysis was guided by methods outlined by Erickson (1982). Findings indicated (a) the teacher effectively incorporated simulations in both settings (b) students in both groups significantly improved their understanding of the chemistry concepts (c) there was no statistically significant difference between groups' achievement (d) there was more frequent exploratory talk in the whole-class group (e) there were more frequent and meaningful teacher-student interactions in the whole-class group (f) additional learning experiences not measured on the assessment resulted from conversations and interactions in the whole-class setting (g) the potential benefits of exploratory talk in the whole-class setting were not fully realized. These findings suggest that both whole-class and small-group settings are appropriate for using computer simulations in science. The effective incorporation of simulations into whole-class instruction may provide a solution to the dilemma of technology penetration versus integration in today's classrooms.

  10. Atmospheric turbulence simulation for Shuttle orbiter

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Tatom, F. B.; Smith, S. R.

    1979-01-01

    An improved non-recursive model for atmospheric turbulence along the flight path of the Shuttle Orbiter is developed which provides for simulation of instantaneous vertical and horizontal gusts at the vehicle center-of-gravity, and also for simulation of instantaneous gust gradients. Based on this model the time series for both gusts and gust gradients are generated and stored on a series of magnetic tapes. Section 2 provides a description of the various technical considerations associated with the turbulence simulation model. Included in this section are descriptions of the digital filter simulation model, the von Karman spectra with finite upper limits, and the final non recursive turbulence simulation model which was used to generate the time series. Section 2 provides a description of the various technical considerations associated with the turbulence simulation model. Included in this section are descriptions of the digial filter simulation model, the von Karman spectra with finite upper limits, and the final non recursive turbulence simulation model which was used to generate the time series. Section 3 provides a description of the time series as currently recorded on magnetic tape. Conclusions and recommendations are presented in Section 4.

  11. Structural modeling of HTS tapes and cables

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Allen, N. C.; Chiesa, L.; Takayasu, M.

    2016-12-01

    Structural finite element analysis (FEA) has been used as an insightful tool to investigate the electromechanical behavior of HTS REBCO tapes and twisted stacked-tape cables under tension, torsion, bending and combined loads. A novel technique was developed for modeling the layered composite structure of the 2G tapes with structural solid-shell elements in ANSYS®. The FEA models produced detailed strain information for the REBCO superconducting layer which was then paired with an analytical model to predict the critical current performance of the 2G HTS tapes under various loads. Two commercially available HTS tapes (SuperPower and SuNAM) under tension, torsion and combined tension-torsion were first analyzed with FEA and compared with available experimental results at 77 K. A sharp critical current degradation was experienced at the yield strength of the tapes under tension and below a 100 mm twist-pitch under torsion. Combined tension-torsion loads had a more gradual degradation of critical current for twist-pitches of 115 mm or shorter but had a negligible difference compared to pure tension for longer twist-pitches. Using the structural solid-shell technique for modeling 2G tapes in ANSYS®, an FEA methodology for simulating full scale three-dimensional HTS stacked-tape cables under pure bending was created. A model of a Twisted-Stacked Tape Cable (TSTC), a configuration first proposed at MIT, was initially developed and then adapted to the slotted-core HTS Cable-In-Conduit Conductor produced by the ENEA laboratory in Italy. The numerical axial strain of the HTS REBCO tapes within the cables as calculated by FEA were found to agree with an analytical model for two cases: perfect-slip (frictionless) and no-slip (bonded). The ENEA CICC model was also compared with recent experimental critical current data at 77 K and was found to match best using a low friction coefficient of 0.02 indicating that the tapes within the cable freely slide with respect to each other helping to reduce the axial strain during bending.

  12. Age-of-Air, Tape Recorder, and Vertical Transport Schemes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lin, S.-J.; Einaudi, Franco (Technical Monitor)

    2000-01-01

    A numerical-analytic investigation of the impacts of vertical transport schemes on the model simulated age-of-air and the so-called 'tape recorder' will be presented using an idealized 1-D column transport model as well as a more realistic 3-D dynamical model. By comparing to the 'exact' solutions of 'age-of-air' and the 'tape recorder' obtainable in the 1-D setting, useful insight is gained on the impacts of numerical diffusion and dispersion of numerical schemes used in global models. Advantages and disadvantages of Eulerian, semi-Lagrangian, and Lagrangian transport schemes will be discussed. Vertical resolution requirement for numerical schemes as well as observing systems for capturing the fine details of the 'tape recorder' or any upward propagating wave-like structures can potentially be derived from the 1-D analytic model.

  13. Ferromagnetic resonance and transverse susceptibility measurements on particulate recording media (abstract)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Orth, Th.; Pelzl, J.; Chantrell, R. W.; Veitch, R.; Jakusch, H.

    1993-05-01

    The FMR absorption of different particulate recording tapes was investigated at microwave frequencies in the X band and Q band using temperatures from 70 to 400 K. The FMR spectra as a function of the external magnetic field were recorded for four different orientations of the static and high frequency magnetic fields with respect to the tape. Particular interest of the experimental and theoretical study was devoted to the interaction fields between the particles, texture effects within the tape sample and the effective anisotropy fields. Tape samples with different particle materials, varying packing densities and orientation ratios were prepared. The shape and line position of the FMR spectra obtained are strongly dependent on the pigment material and the tape parameters mentioned above. The experimental data are compared with theoretical calculations, based on a phenomenological model and a computer simulation. This comparison gives information on the orientational distribution of the particles, which is the most important source for inhomogeneous line broadening, the mean interaction, and anisotropy fields which govern the line position, the effective magnetization of the tape, and the relaxation time. The influence of the crystalline anisotropy can be investigated via temperature dependent measurements. The results are proved by additional transverse susceptibility measurements.

  14. Vehicle influence on permeation through intact and compromised skin.

    PubMed

    Gujjar, Meera; Banga, Ajay K

    2014-09-10

    The purpose of this study was to compare the transdermal permeation of a model compound, diclofenac diethylamine, from a hydrophilic and lipophilic vehicle across in vitro models simulating compromised skin. Mineral oil served as a lipophilic vehicle while 10mM phosphate buffered saline served as a hydrophilic vehicle. Compromised skin was simulated by tape stripping, delipidization, or microneedle application and compared with intact skin as a control. Transepidermal water loss was measured to assess barrier function. Skin compromised with tape stripping and delipidization significantly (p<0.05) increased permeation of diclofenac diethylamine compared to intact and microneedle treated skin with phosphate buffered saline vehicle. A similar trend in permeation was observed with mineral oil as the vehicle. For both vehicles, permeation across skin increased in the same order and correlated with degree of barrier impairment as indicated by transepidermal water loss values: intact

  15. Improving the Useability of the Defense Mapping Agency Digital Feature Analysis Data for Training Simulator Applications.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1982-09-01

    would be merged and a corrected output tape could be generated to 21 I 47 be used as a replacement for the original tape. A diagram of the system designed...overview of all of the procedures involved In an error correction session. The process flow is depicted in the configuration diagram provided in Figure... Roundhouse . .. ....................... 224 Roads (General) ......................... 240 Elevated. .... ...................... 244 Causeways

  16. Media/Device Configurations for Platoon Leader Tactical Training

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-02-01

    munication and visual communication sig- na ls, VInputs to the The device should simulate the real- Platoon Leader time receipt of all tactical voice...communication, audio and visual battle- field cues, and visual communication signals. 14- Table 4 (Continued) Functional Capability Categories and...battlefield cues, and visual communication signals. 0.8 Receipt of limited tactical voice communication, plus audio and visual battlefield cues, and visual

  17. The experiences of people with diabetes-related lower limb amputation at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in Ghana.

    PubMed

    Amoah, Vida Maame Kissiwaa; Anokye, Reindolf; Acheampong, Enoch; Dadson, Helina Rubby; Osei, Mary; Nadutey, Alberta

    2018-01-24

    Lower limb amputation not only causes major disfigurement, but renders people less mobile and at risk of loss of independence. Yet with appropriate rehabilitation, many people can learn to walk or function again and live high quality lives. This study sought to explore the experiences of patients with diabetes-related lower limb amputation at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. An exploratory study design was adopted using a qualitative approach and a purposive sampling to select 10 participants for the study. A semi-structured interview guide was used with an in-depth face-to-face interview. The interview was tape-recorded with an audio recorder while notes were taken in addition to the audio recording. There were varying degrees of experiences ranging from physical as well as psychological and economic challenges. Amputees had to cope with playing entirely new roles after the amputation. They also experienced some economic challenges which were as a result of their inability to work. Some of the amputees consoled themselves with the fact that, despite their condition, they were better than other people. Others believed that whatever happened was Gods doing and nothing could be done about it. This self-consolation and the belief in God helped them to cope.

  18. Music Identification System Using MPEG-7 Audio Signature Descriptors

    PubMed Central

    You, Shingchern D.; Chen, Wei-Hwa; Chen, Woei-Kae

    2013-01-01

    This paper describes a multiresolution system based on MPEG-7 audio signature descriptors for music identification. Such an identification system may be used to detect illegally copied music circulated over the Internet. In the proposed system, low-resolution descriptors are used to search likely candidates, and then full-resolution descriptors are used to identify the unknown (query) audio. With this arrangement, the proposed system achieves both high speed and high accuracy. To deal with the problem that a piece of query audio may not be inside the system's database, we suggest two different methods to find the decision threshold. Simulation results show that the proposed method II can achieve an accuracy of 99.4% for query inputs both inside and outside the database. Overall, it is highly possible to use the proposed system for copyright control. PMID:23533359

  19. Space shuttle simulation model

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Tatom, F. B.; Smith, S. R.

    1980-01-01

    The effects of atmospheric turbulence in both horizontal and near horizontal flight, during the return of the space shuttle, are important for determining design, control, and 'pilot-in-the-loop' effects. A nonrecursive model (based on von Karman spectra) for atmospheric turbulence along the flight path of the shuttle orbiter was developed which provides for simulation of instantaneous vertical and horizontal gusts at the vehicle center-of-gravity, and also for simulation of instantaneous gust gradients. Based on this model, the time series for both gusts and gust gradients were generated and stored on a series of magnetic tapes which are entitled shuttle simulation turbulence tapes (SSTT). The time series are designed to represent atmospheric turbulence from ground level to an altitude of 10,000 meters. The turbulence generation procedure is described as well as the results of validating the simulated turbulence. Conclusions and recommendations are presented and references cited. The tabulated one dimensional von Karman spectra and the results of spectral and statistical analyses of the SSTT are contained in the appendix.

  20. Treatment Fidelity of Motivational Interviewing Delivered by a School Nurse to Increase Girls’ Physical Activity

    PubMed Central

    Robbins, Lorraine B.; Pfeiffer, Karin A.; Maier, Kimberly S.; LaDrig, Stacey M.; Berg-Smith, Steven Malcolm

    2011-01-01

    Motivational interviewing, which involves the use of person-centered, directive counseling techniques, shows promise for changing adolescent behaviors. The purpose of this paper was to describe the methodology and findings related to the treatment fidelity of three face-to-face motivational interviewing sessions involving middle school girls and a school nurse to help the girls increase their moderate to vigorous physical activity. The following four areas related to treatment fidelity were addressed: (a) study design, (b) training of interventionists, (c) intervention delivery, and (d) intervention receipt. Findings showed that 34 of 37 (91.9%) girls completed all three sessions. An initial motivational interviewing training workshop followed by evaluation of audio-taped sessions with constructive feedback can result in successful and consistent delivery by a school nurse. PMID:21970862

  1. Exploring ecology through science terms: A computer-supported vocabulary supplement to the science curriculum in a two-way immersion program

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Herrera, Francisco Javier, Jr.

    This study set out to examine how a web-based tool embedded with vocabulary strategies, as part of the science curriculum in a third grade two-way immersion classroom, would aid students' academic vocabulary development. Fourteen students (seven boys, seven girls; ten of which were English learners) participated in this study. Students utilized web pages as part of their science curriculum on the topic of ecology. The study documented students' use of the web pages as a data-gathering tool on the topic of ecology during science instruction. Students were video and audio taped as they explored the web pages. Results indicated that through the use of the intervention web pages students significantly improved their knowledge of academic English target words.

  2. Acoustic characteristics of voice after severe traumatic brain injury.

    PubMed

    McHenry, M

    2000-07-01

    To describe the acoustic characteristics of voice in individuals with motor speech disorders after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Prospective study of 100 individuals with TBI based on consecutive referrals for motor speech evaluations. Subjects were audio tape-recorded while producing sustained vowels and single word and sentence intelligibility tests. Laryngeal airway resistance was estimated, and voice quality was rated perceptually. None of the subjects evidenced vocal parameters within normal limits. The most frequently occurring abnormal parameter across subjects was amplitude perturbation, followed by voice turbulence index. Twenty-three percent of subjects evidenced deviation in all five parameters measured. The perceptual ratings of breathiness were significantly correlated with both the amplitude perturbation quotient and the noise-to-harmonics ratio. Vocal quality deviation is common in motor speech disorders after TBI and may impact intelligibility.

  3. A Method of Strengthening Composite/Metal Joints

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Polis, Daniel L.

    2011-01-01

    The term tape setback method denotes a method of designing and fabricating bonded joints between (1) box beams or other structural members made of laminated composite (matrix/ fiber) materials and (2) metal end fittings used to fasten these structural members to other structural members. The basic idea of the tape setback method is to mask the bonded interface between the metallic end fitting and composite member such that the bond does not extend out to the free edges of the composite member. The purpose served by the tape setback method is to strengthen the joints by decoupling stress concentrations from edge defects, which can cause premature failures. A related prior method that serves a similar purpose, involving the use of tapered adherends at the joints, can be too difficult and costly to be acceptable in some applications. The tape setback method offers an easier, less costly alternative. The structural members to which the method was originally applied were box beams in the form of composite tubes having flat faces with rounded corners. The end fittings were plugs made of a low-thermal- expansion nickel/iron alloy (see figure). In computational-simulation studies of tensile and compressive loading of members without tape setback, stresses were found to be concentrated at the free end edges of the composite tubes, and inspection of members that had been subjected to real tension and compression tests showed that cracks started at the free end edges. As applied to these members, the tape setback method makes them less vulnerable to initiation of failure at edge defects produced during fabrication. In real tension tests of comparable members without and with tape setback, the average mean tensile strength of the members with tape setback was found to be 1.9 times that of the members without tape setback.

  4. Audio aided electro-tactile perception training for finger posture biofeedback.

    PubMed

    Vargas, Jose Gonzalez; Yu, Wenwei

    2008-01-01

    Visual information is one of the prerequisites for most biofeedback studies. The aim of this study is to explore how the usage of an audio aided training helps in the learning process of dynamical electro-tactile perception without any visual feedback. In this research, the electrical simulation patterns associated with the experimenter's finger postures and motions were presented to the subjects. Along with the electrical stimulation patterns 2 different types of information, verbal and audio information on finger postures and motions, were presented to the verbal training subject group (group 1) and audio training subject group (group 2), respectively. The results showed an improvement in the ability to distinguish and memorize electrical stimulation patterns correspondent to finger postures and motions without visual feedback, and with audio tones aid, the learning was faster and the perception became more precise after training. Thus, this study clarified that, as a substitution to visual presentation, auditory information could help effectively in the formation of electro-tactile perception. Further research effort needed to make clear the difference between the visual guided and audio aided training in terms of information compilation, post-training effect and robustness of the perception.

  5. High-voltage spark carbon-fiber sticky-tape data analyzer

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Yang, L. C.; Hull, G. G.

    1980-01-01

    An efficient method for detecting carbon fibers collected on a stick tape monitor was developed. The fibers were released from a simulated crash fire situation containing carbon fiber composite material. The method utilized the ability of the fiber to initiate a spark across a set of alternately biased high voltage electrodes to electronically count the number of fiber fragments collected on the tape. It was found that the spark, which contains high energy and is of very short duration, is capable of partially damaging or consuming the fiber fragments. It also creates a mechanical disturbance which ejects the fiber from the grid. Both characteristics were helpful in establishing a single discharge pulse for each fiber segment.

  6. Effect of audio in-vehicle red light-running warning message on driving behavior based on a driving simulator experiment.

    PubMed

    Yan, Xuedong; Liu, Yang; Xu, Yongcun

    2015-01-01

    Drivers' incorrect decisions of crossing signalized intersections at the onset of the yellow change may lead to red light running (RLR), and RLR crashes result in substantial numbers of severe injuries and property damage. In recent years, some Intelligent Transport System (ITS) concepts have focused on reducing RLR by alerting drivers that they are about to violate the signal. The objective of this study is to conduct an experimental investigation on the effectiveness of the red light violation warning system using a voice message. In this study, the prototype concept of the RLR audio warning system was modeled and tested in a high-fidelity driving simulator. According to the concept, when a vehicle is approaching an intersection at the onset of yellow and the time to the intersection is longer than the yellow interval, the in-vehicle warning system can activate the following audio message "The red light is impending. Please decelerate!" The intent of the warning design is to encourage drivers who cannot clear an intersection during the yellow change interval to stop at the intersection. The experimental results showed that the warning message could decrease red light running violations by 84.3 percent. Based on the logistic regression analyses, drivers without a warning were about 86 times more likely to make go decisions at the onset of yellow and about 15 times more likely to run red lights than those with a warning. Additionally, it was found that the audio warning message could significantly reduce RLR severity because the RLR drivers' red-entry times without a warning were longer than those with a warning. This driving simulator study showed a promising effect of the audio in-vehicle warning message on reducing RLR violations and crashes. It is worthwhile to further develop the proposed technology in field applications.

  7. Pilot Comments for High Speed Research Cycle 3 Simulations Study (LaRC.1)

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bailey, Melvin L. (Editor); Jackson, E. Bruce (Technical Monitor)

    2000-01-01

    This is a compilation of pilot comments from the Boeing High Speed Research Aircraft, Cycle 3 Simulation Study (LaRC.1) conducted from January to March 1997 at NASA Langley Research Center. This simulation study was conducted using the Visual Motion Simulator. The comments are direct tape transcriptions and have been edited for spelling only.

  8. Collusion-Resistant Audio Fingerprinting System in the Modulated Complex Lapped Transform Domain

    PubMed Central

    Garcia-Hernandez, Jose Juan; Feregrino-Uribe, Claudia; Cumplido, Rene

    2013-01-01

    Collusion-resistant fingerprinting paradigm seems to be a practical solution to the piracy problem as it allows media owners to detect any unauthorized copy and trace it back to the dishonest users. Despite the billionaire losses in the music industry, most of the collusion-resistant fingerprinting systems are devoted to digital images and very few to audio signals. In this paper, state-of-the-art collusion-resistant fingerprinting ideas are extended to audio signals and the corresponding parameters and operation conditions are proposed. Moreover, in order to carry out fingerprint detection using just a fraction of the pirate audio clip, block-based embedding and its corresponding detector is proposed. Extensive simulations show the robustness of the proposed system against average collusion attack. Moreover, by using an efficient Fast Fourier Transform core and standard computer machines it is shown that the proposed system is suitable for real-world scenarios. PMID:23762455

  9. Teacher and student perspectives on motivation within the high school science classroom

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pickens, Melanie Turnure

    The purpose of this study was to investigate teacher and student perspectives on the motivation of high school science students and to explore specific motivational strategies used by teachers as they attempt to enhance student motivation. Four science teachers took part in an initial audio-taped interview, classroom observations with debriefing conversations, and a final audio-taped interview to discuss findings and allow member checking for data triangulation and interpretation. Participating teachers also took part in a final focus group interview. Student participants from each teacher's class were given a Likert style anonymous survey on their views about motivation and learning, motivation in science class, and specific motivational strategies that emerged in their current science class. This study focused on effective teaching strategies for motivation commonly used by the four teachers and on specific teaching strategies used by two of these four teachers in different tracks of science classes. The intent was to determine not only what strategies worked well for all types of science classes, but also what specific motivational approaches were being used in high and low tracked science classes and the similarities and differences between them. This approach provided insight into the differences in motivating tracked students, with the hope that other educators in specific tracks might use such pedagogies to improve motivation in their own science classrooms. Results from this study showed that science teachers effectively motivate their students in the following ways: Questioning students to engage them in the lesson, exhibiting enthusiasm in lesson presentations, promoting a non-threatening environment, incorporating hands-on activities to help learn the lesson concepts, using a variety of activities, believing that students can achieve, and building caring relationships in the classroom. Specific to the higher tracked classroom, effective motivational strategies included: Use of teacher enthusiasm, promoting a non-threatening class atmosphere, and connecting the adolescent world to science. In the lower tracked classroom, specific effective strategies were: Encouraging student-student dialogue, making lessons relevant using practical applications, building student self-confidence, and using hands-on inquiry activities. Teachers who incorporate such strategies into their classrooms regardless of the track will likely increase motivation and also enhance learning for all students.

  10. Minority nursing student success: A grounded theory case study

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mister, Brenda J.

    There has been a dramatic increase in the nation's racial and ethnic minority populations over recent years. This increase is placing a higher demand on the health care industry to provide culturally competent care to these diverse populations. This challenge is met with yet another problem as the nation faces a critical shortage of nurses, particularly minority nurses. This shortage is only expected to worsen over the next several years. As schools of nursing across the country are being asked to increase the number of nursing program graduates, specifically minorities, they are confronted with a double edged sword as retention rates are decreasing, and attrition rates are increasing. This is particularly troublesome when many racial and ethnic minority nursing students do not graduate. This qualitative study was implemented to assess and understand the perceived educational experiences of racial and ethnic minority nursing students enrolled in a rural community college nursing program on the Eastern Shore of Maryland. Eight voluntary nursing students who identified themselves as either a racial or ethnic minority participated in the study. Data were collected by: individual audio-taped interview sessions; audio-taped focus group sessions; and documentation of field notes. Participants also provided demographic information and were asked to provide a brief written response to a scenario regarding increasing the recruitment and retention rates of minority nursing students. All data were analyzed utilizing the constant comparative method. Results of the study revealed six different themes: personal support systems and peer relationships; college services and academic resources; faculty support; cultural understanding versus cultural insensitivity; personal attributes of self-efficacy/advice for future nursing students; and suggestions for college and nursing program improvement. After the major themes were examined one central theme, a grounded theory, was born. The theory proposes that when the minority nursing student bridges his or her personal attributes of self-efficacy with some or all identified support systems, this may be a conduit to fostering success in obtaining their educational goals as long as the resources are available, and a caring environment is present.

  11. All-digital 1.2-Gbit/s real-time HDTV VTR

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Thorpe, Laurence J.; Yoshinaka, T.

    1992-08-01

    In 1984 the first real-time HDTV video tape recorder was introduced. The HDV-1000 was an analog VTR using one inch metal oxide tape and standard SMPTE open reels. It utilized basic Type-C recording principles although also incorporating a considerably higher FM carrier frequency, twice the deviation, and slightly more preemphasis, - all to achieve a 10 MHz baseband video recording bandwidth capability. Four such component analog recording channels were utilized in parallel to achieve a total recording capability of 40 MHz - made up of 20 MHz for the green video signal (or Luminance Y) and 10 MHz each for the red and blue signals (or R-Y and B-Y components in the case of Y, R-Y, B-Y recording). Almost 150 of these machines supported the early pioneering years of HDTV development - worldwide - over the period 1984 to the late 1980's. The HDTV video signal format to which this VTR was designed was based upon the preliminary 1 125/60/16:9/2: 1 system - having specified system bandwiths of 20 MHz for Luminance Y, and 7.0MHz R-Y, and 5.5 MHz B-Y. The HDV-1000 proved to be a remarkably robust, reliable HD VTR workhorse and it early and firmly established the viability of reliable RD real-time image capture. Nevertheless, it's technical shortcomings were soon exposed by a creative and demanding international program production community. The limitations of two channels of analog audio recording, and about four generations of liD video recording in post-production were inconsistent with the needs of high-end program production. The 45 db signal to noise limitation also imposed a boundary to the quality of the HDTV tape to 35 mm film transfers being made by both Electron Beam and Laser Recording techniques. The HDV-1000 had, however, pushed the state of the art in analog FM recording to the boundary. Head and tape technologies were not expected to advance sufficiently to warrant a new generation in analog recording design. Attention thus turned to digital recording techniques.

  12. `We put on the glasses and Moon comes closer!' Urban Second Graders Exploring the Earth, the Sun and Moon Through 3D Technologies in a Science and Literacy Unit

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Isik-Ercan, Zeynep; Zeynep Inan, Hatice; Nowak, Jeffrey A.; Kim, Beomjin

    2014-01-01

    This qualitative case study describes (a) the ways 3D visualization, coupled with other science and literacy experiences, supported young children's first exploration of the Earth-Sun-Moon system and (b) the perspectives of classroom teachers and children on using 3D visualization. We created three interactive 3D software modules that simulate day and night, Moon phases and seasons. These modules were used in a science and literacy unit for 35 second graders at an urban elementary school in Midwestern USA. Data included pre- and post-interviews, audio-taped lessons and classroom observations. Post-interviews demonstrated that children's knowledge of the shapes and the movements of the Earth and Moon, alternation of day and night, the occurrence of the seasons, and Moon's changing appearance increased. Second graders reported that they enjoyed expanding their knowledge through hands-on experiences; through its reality effect, 3D visualization enabled them to observe the space objects that move in the virtual space. The teachers noted that 3D visualization stimulated children's interest in space and that using 3D visualization in combination with other teaching methods-literacy experiences, videos and photos, simulations, discussions, and presentations-supported student learning. The teachers and the students still experienced challenges using 3D visualization due to technical problems with 3D vision and time constraints. We conclude that 3D visualization offers hands-on experiences for challenging science concepts and may support young children's ability to view phenomena that would typically be observed through direct, long-term observations in outer space. Results imply a reconsideration of assumed capabilities of young children to understand astronomical phenomena.

  13. Program documentation for the space environment test division post-test data reduction program (GNFLEX)

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Jones, L. D.

    1979-01-01

    The Space Environment Test Division Post-Test Data Reduction Program processes data from test history tapes generated on the Flexible Data System in the Space Environment Simulation Laboratory at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. The program reads the tape's data base records to retrieve the item directory conversion file, the item capture file and the process link file to determine the active parameters. The desired parameter names are read in by lead cards after which the periodic data records are read to determine parameter data level changes. The data is considered to be compressed rather than full sample rate. Tabulations and/or a tape for generating plots may be output.

  14. Design and Evaluation of Simulations for the Development of Complex Decision-Making Skills.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hartley, Roger; Varley, Glen

    2002-01-01

    Command and Control Training Using Simulation (CACTUS) is a computer digital mapping system used by police to manage large-scale public events. Audio and video records of adaptive training scenarios using CACTUS show how the simulation develops decision-making skills for strategic and tactical event management. (SK)

  15. Reducing Backups by Utilizing DMF

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Cardo, Nicholas P.; Woodrow, Thomas (Technical Monitor)

    1994-01-01

    Although a filesystem may be migratable, for a period of time the data blocks are on disk only. When performing system dumps, these data blocks are backed up to tape. If the data blocks are offline or dual resident, then only the inode is backed up. If all online files are made dual resident prior to performing system dumps, the dump time and the amount of resources required can be significantly reduced. The High Speed Processors group at the Numerical Aerodynamics Simulation (NAS) Facility at NASA Ames Research Center developed a tool to make all online files dual resident. The result is that a file whose data blocks are on DMF tape and still assigned to the original inode. Our 150GB filesystem used to take 8 to 12 hours to backup and used 50 to 60 tapes. Now the backup is typically under 10 tapes and completes in under 2 hours. This paper discusses this new tool and advantages gained by using it.

  16. Preferred Tempo and Low-Audio-Frequency Bias Emerge From Simulated Sub-cortical Processing of Sounds With a Musical Beat

    PubMed Central

    Zuk, Nathaniel J.; Carney, Laurel H.; Lalor, Edmund C.

    2018-01-01

    Prior research has shown that musical beats are salient at the level of the cortex in humans. Yet below the cortex there is considerable sub-cortical processing that could influence beat perception. Some biases, such as a tempo preference and an audio frequency bias for beat timing, could result from sub-cortical processing. Here, we used models of the auditory-nerve and midbrain-level amplitude modulation filtering to simulate sub-cortical neural activity to various beat-inducing stimuli, and we used the simulated activity to determine the tempo or beat frequency of the music. First, irrespective of the stimulus being presented, the preferred tempo was around 100 beats per minute, which is within the range of tempi where tempo discrimination and tapping accuracy are optimal. Second, sub-cortical processing predicted a stronger influence of lower audio frequencies on beat perception. However, the tempo identification algorithm that was optimized for simple stimuli often failed for recordings of music. For music, the most highly synchronized model activity occurred at a multiple of the beat frequency. Using bottom-up processes alone is insufficient to produce beat-locked activity. Instead, a learned and possibly top-down mechanism that scales the synchronization frequency to derive the beat frequency greatly improves the performance of tempo identification. PMID:29896080

  17. Hygrothermomechanical evaluation of transverse filament tape epoxy/polyester fiberglass composites

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lark, R. F.; Chamis, C. C.

    1984-01-01

    Transverse filament tape (TFT) fiberglass/epoxy and TFT polyester composites intended for low cost wind turbine blade fabrication have been subjected to static and cyclic load behavior tests whose results are presently evaluated on the basis of an integrated hygrothermomechanical response theory. Laminate testing employed simulated filament winding procedures. The results obtained show that the predicted hygrothermomechanical environmental effects on TFT composites are in good agreement with measured data for various properties, including fatigue at different R-ratio values.

  18. Drooling in Parkinson's disease: a novel tool for assessment of swallow frequency.

    PubMed

    Marks, L; Weinreich, J

    2001-01-01

    A non-invasive way to obtain objective measurements of swallowing frequency and thus indirectly, drooling was required as part of the study 'Drooling in Parkinson's disease: objective measurement and response to therapy'. A hard disk, digital recorder was developed, for use on a laptop computer, which was capable of collecting large quantities of swallowing data from an anticipated 40 patients and 10 controls. An electric microphone was taped to the subjects' larynx for recording the swallow sounds when drinking 150 ml of water and at rest for 30 minutes. The software provides an accurate visual display of the audio-signal allowing the researcher easy access to any segment of the recording and to mark and extract the swallow events, so that swallow frequency may be efficiently and accurately ascertained. Preliminary results are presented.

  19. Environmental impact of the MV CITA on the foreshore of Porth Hellick, Isles of Scilly.

    PubMed

    Smith, Nicola A

    2004-12-01

    The grounding of the container feeder vessel MV CITA on Newfoundland Rocks, Isles of Scilly, had an effect on the surrounding biota and benthic environment. Included in the CITA's cargo were five 40 ft containers holding pallets of polyester film used in the production of audio and visual recording tapes. The wreckage presented a minor but potentially chronic source of pollution through the delayed release of polythene film, which was left on the seabed as it was considered insufficiently valuable to warrant salvage. The polythene disintegrated and was washed upon the foreshore of Porth Hellick in minute shreds. The adjacent foreshore and two control sites within the islands were analysed using a 5-strand line and vegetation survey with 10 random quadrats within each line to determine the environmental impact of the polythene.

  20. Verbal communication improves laparoscopic team performance.

    PubMed

    Shiliang Chang; Waid, Erin; Martinec, Danny V; Bin Zheng; Swanstrom, Lee L

    2008-06-01

    The impact of verbal communication on laparoscopic team performance was examined. A total of 24 dyad teams, comprised of residents, medical students, and office staff, underwent 2 team tasks using a previously validated bench model. Twelve teams (feedback groups) received instant verbal instruction and feedback on their performance from an instructor which was compared with 12 teams (control groups) with minimal or no verbal feedback. Their performances were both video and audio taped for analysis. Surgical backgrounds were similar between feedback and control groups. Teams with more verbal feedback achieved significantly better task performance (P = .002) compared with the control group with less feedback. Impact of verbal feedback was more pronounced for tasks requiring team cooperation (aiming and navigation) than tasks depending on individual skills (knotting). Verbal communication, especially the instructions and feedback from an experienced instructor, improved team efficiency and performance.

  1. Discussing depression with Vietnamese American patients.

    PubMed

    Fancher, Tonya L; Ton, Hendry; Le Meyer, Oanh; Ho, Thuan; Paterniti, Debora A

    2010-04-01

    Asian patients preferentially seek mental health care from their primary care providers but are unlikely to receive it. Primary care providers need culturally-informed strategies for addressing stigmatizing illnesses. 11 Vietnamese American community members participated in semi-structured interviews. Interviews were audio-taped and transcribed. The grounded theory approach was used for qualitative coding and thematic analysis. Vietnamese community members describe experiences with depression under four themes: (1) Stigma and face; (2) Social functioning and the role of the family; (3) Traditional healing and beliefs about medications; and (4) Language and culture. Based on this data, we offer suggestions for improving culturally-informed care for Vietnamese Americans. Our study adds to the research aimed at improving communication and health care relationships between physicians and Vietnamese American patients. Physicians should learn to tailor their interviewing style to the increasingly diverse patient population.

  2. Digital simulation of a communication link for Pioneer Saturn Uranus atmospheric entry probe, part 1

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hinrichs, C. A.

    1975-01-01

    A digital simulation study is presented for a candidate modulator/demodulator design in an atmospheric scintillation environment with Doppler, Doppler rate, and signal attenuation typical of the conditions of an outer planet atmospheric probe. The simulation results indicate that the mean channel error rate with and without scintillation are similar to theoretical characterizations of the link. The simulation gives information for calculating other channel statistics and generates a quantized symbol stream on magnetic tape from which error correction decoding is analyzed. Results from the magnetic tape data analyses are also included. The receiver and bit synchronizer are modeled in the simulation at the level of hardware component parameters rather than at the loop equation level and individual hardware parameters are identified. The atmospheric scintillation amplitude and phase are modeled independently. Normal and log normal amplitude processes are studied. In each case the scintillations are low pass filtered. The receiver performance is given for a range of signal to noise ratios with and without the effects of scintillation. The performance is reviewed for critical reciever parameter variations.

  3. Striped tertiary storage arrays

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Drapeau, Ann L.

    1993-01-01

    Data stripping is a technique for increasing the throughput and reducing the response time of large access to a storage system. In striped magnetic or optical disk arrays, a single file is striped or interleaved across several disks; in a striped tape system, files are interleaved across tape cartridges. Because a striped file can be accessed by several disk drives or tape recorders in parallel, the sustained bandwidth to the file is greater than in non-striped systems, where access to the file are restricted to a single device. It is argued that applying striping to tertiary storage systems will provide needed performance and reliability benefits. The performance benefits of striping for applications using large tertiary storage systems is discussed. It will introduce commonly available tape drives and libraries, and discuss their performance limitations, especially focusing on the long latency of tape accesses. This section will also describe an event-driven tertiary storage array simulator that is being used to understand the best ways of configuring these storage arrays. The reliability problems of magnetic tape devices are discussed, and plans for modeling the overall reliability of striped tertiary storage arrays to identify the amount of error correction required are described. Finally, work being done by other members of the Sequoia group to address latency of accesses, optimizing tertiary storage arrays that perform mostly writes, and compression is discussed.

  4. Managing People's Data

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Le, Diana; Cooper, David M. (Technical Monitor)

    1994-01-01

    Just imagine a mass storage system that consists of a machine with 2 CPUs, 1 Gigabyte (GB) of memory, 400 GB of disk space, 16800 cartridge tapes in the automated tape silos, 88,000 tapes located in the vault, and the software to manage the system. This system is designed to be a data repository; it will always have disk space to store all the incoming data. Currently 9.14 GB of new data per day enters the system with this rate doubling each year. To assure there is always disk space available for new data, the system. has to move data reside from the expensive disk to a much less expensive medium such as the 3480 cartridge tapes. Once the data is archived to tape, it should be able to move back to disk when someone wants to access it and the data movement should be transparent to the user. Now imagine all the tasks that a system administrator must perform to keep this system running 24 hour a day, 7 days a week. Since the filesystem maintains the illusion of unlimited disk space, data that comes to the system must get moved to tapes in an efficient manner. This paper will describe the mass storage system running at the Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS) at NASA Ames Research Center in both software and hardware aspects, then it will describe all of the tasks the system administrator has to perform on this system.

  5. Senior residents' perceived need of and preferences for "smart home" sensor technologies.

    PubMed

    Demiris, George; Hensel, Brian K; Skubic, Marjorie; Rantz, Marilyn

    2008-01-01

    The goal of meeting the desire of older adults to remain independent in their home setting while controlling healthcare costs has led to the conceptualization of "smart homes." A smart home is a residence equipped with technology that enhances safety of residents and monitors their health conditions. The study aim is to assess older adults' perceptions of specific smart home technologies (i.e., a bed sensor, gait monitor, stove sensor, motion sensor, and video sensor). The study setting is TigerPlace, a retirement community designed according to the Aging in Place model. Focus group sessions with fourteen residents were conducted to assess perceived advantages and concerns associated with specific applications, and preferences for recipients of sensor-generated information pertaining to residents' activity levels, sleep patterns and potential emergencies. Sessions were audio-taped; tapes were transcribed, and a content analysis was performed. A total of fourteen older adults over the age of 65 participated in three focus group sessions Most applications were perceived as useful, and participants would agree to their installation in their own home. Preference for specific sensors related to sensors' appearance and residents' own level of frailty and perceived need. Specific concerns about privacy were raised. The findings indicate an overall positive attitude toward sensor technologies for nonobtrusive monitoring. Researchers and practitioners are called upon to address ethical and technical challenges in this emerging domain.

  6. Non-contact inline monitoring of thermoplastic CFRP tape quality using air-coupled ultrasound

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Essig, W.; Fey, P.; Meiler, S.; Kreutzbruck, M.

    2017-02-01

    Beginning with the aerospace industry, fiber reinforced plastics have spread towards many applications such as automotive, civil engineering as well as sports and leisure articles. Their superior strength and stiffness to mass ratio made them the number one material for achieving high performance. Especially continuous fiber reinforced plastics allow for the construction of structures which are custom tailored to their mechanical loads by adjusting the paths of the fibers to the loading direction. The two main constituents of CFRP are carbon fibers and matrix. Two possibilities for matrix material exist: thermosetting and thermoplastic matrix. While thermosetting matrix may yield better properties with respect to thermal loads, thermoplasticity opens a wide range of applications due to weldability, shapeability, and compatibility to e.g. injection molded thermoplastic materials. Thin (0.1 mm) thermoplastic continuous fiber CFRP tapes with a width of 100 mm were examined using air-coupled ultrasound. Transducers were arranged in reflection as well as transmission setup. By slanted incidence of the ultrasound on the tape surface, guided waves were excited in the material in fiber direction and perpendicular to the fiber direction. Artificial defects - fiber cuts, matrix cuts, circular holes, low velocity impacts from tool drop, and sharp bends - were produced. Experiments on a stationary tape showed good detectability of all artificial defects by guided waves. Also the effects of variation in material properties, fiber volume content and fiber matrix adhesion being the most relevant, on guided wave propagation were examined, to allow for quality assessment. Guided wave measurements were supported by destructive analysis. Also an apparatus containing one endless loop of CFRP tape was constructed and built to simulate inline testing of CFRP tapes, as it would be employed in a CFRP tape production environment or at a CFRP tape processing facility. The influences of tape conveying speed on detectability of artificial defects as well as material properties were elaborated and recommendations for implementation in production scale inline monitoring are given.

  7. Headphone and Head-Mounted Visual Displays for Virtual Environments

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Begault, Duran R.; Ellis, Stephen R.; Wenzel, Elizabeth M.; Trejo, Leonard J. (Technical Monitor)

    1998-01-01

    A realistic auditory environment can contribute to both the overall subjective sense of presence in a virtual display, and to a quantitative metric predicting human performance. Here, the role of audio in a virtual display and the importance of auditory-visual interaction are examined. Conjectures are proposed regarding the effectiveness of audio compared to visual information for creating a sensation of immersion, the frame of reference within a virtual display, and the compensation of visual fidelity by supplying auditory information. Future areas of research are outlined for improving simulations of virtual visual and acoustic spaces. This paper will describe some of the intersensory phenomena that arise during operator interaction within combined visual and auditory virtual environments. Conjectures regarding audio-visual interaction will be proposed.

  8. NACA's Lockheed F-94B Starfire with Audio Recording Devices

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1957-07-21

    A Lockheed F-94B Starfire being equipped with an audio recording machine and sensors at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory. The NACA was investigating the acoustic effects caused by the engine’s nozzle and the air flowing along the fuselage. Airline manufacturers would soon be introducing jet engines on their passenger aircraft, and there was concern regarding the noise levels for both the passengers and public on the ground. NACA Lewis conducted a variety of noise reduction studies in its wind tunnels, laboratories, and on a F2H-2B Banshee aircraft. The F2H-2B Banshee’s initial test flights in 1955 and 1956 measured the noise emanating directly from airflow over the aircraft’s surfaces, particularly the wings. This problem was particularly pronounced at high subsonic speeds. The researchers found the majority of the noise occurred in the low and middle octaves. These investigations were enhanced with a series of flights using the F-94B Starfire. The missions measured wall-pressure, turbulence fluctuations, and mean velocity profiles. Mach 0.3 to 0.8 flights were flown at altitudes of 10,000, 20,000, and 30,000 feet with microphones mounted near the forward fuselage and on a wing. The results substantiated the wind tunnel findings. This photograph shows the tape recorder being installed in the F-94B’s nose.

  9. Land Mobile Satellite Service (LMSS) channel simulator: An end-to-end hardware simulation and study of the LMSS communications links

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Salmasi, A. B. (Editor); Springett, J. C.; Sumida, J. T.; Richter, P. H.

    1984-01-01

    The design and implementation of the Land Mobile Satellite Service (LMSS) channel simulator as a facility for an end to end hardware simulation of the LMSS communications links, primarily with the mobile terminal is described. A number of studies are reported which show the applications of the channel simulator as a facility for validation and assessment of the LMSS design requirements and capabilities by performing quantitative measurements and qualitative audio evaluations for various link design parameters and channel impairments under simulated LMSS operating conditions. As a first application, the LMSS channel simulator was used in the evaluation of a system based on the voice processing and modulation (e.g., NBFM with 30 kHz of channel spacing and a 2 kHz rms frequency deviation for average talkers) selected for the Bell System's Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS). The various details of the hardware design, qualitative audio evaluation techniques, signal to channel impairment measurement techniques, the justifications for criteria of different parameter selection in regards to the voice processing and modulation methods, and the results of a number of parametric studies are further described.

  10. Simulated Oral Proficiency Interviews: Recent Developments. ERIC Digest.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Malone, Margaret

    This digest discusses the simulated oral proficiency interview (SOPI), a performance-based, tape-mediated speaking test. The SOPI follows the general structure of the oral proficiency interview (OPI) used by government agencies and the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) to measure speaking proficiency. Whereas the OPI is…

  11. ADVANCED UTILITY SIMULATION MODEL, REPORT OF SENSITIVITY TESTING, CALIBRATION, AND MODEL OUTPUT COMPARISONS (VERSION 3.0) TAPE

    EPA Science Inventory

    The report is one of 11 in a series describing the initial development of the Advanced Utility Simulation Model (AUSM) by the Universities Research Group on Energy (URGE) and its continued development by the Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) research team. The...

  12. Modelling and simulating the forming of new dry automated lay-up reinforcements for primary structures

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bouquerel, Laure; Moulin, Nicolas; Drapier, Sylvain; Boisse, Philippe; Beraud, Jean-Marc

    2017-10-01

    While weight has been so far the main driver for the development of prepreg based-composites solutions for aeronautics, a new weight-cost trade-off tends to drive choices for next-generation aircrafts. As a response, Hexcel has designed a new dry reinforcement type for aircraft primary structures, which combines the benefits of automation, out-of-autoclave process cost-effectiveness, and mechanical performances competitive to prepreg solutions: HiTape® is a unidirectional (UD) dry carbon reinforcement with thermoplastic veil on each side designed for aircraft primary structures [1-3]. One privileged process route for HiTape® in high volume automated processes consists in forming initially flat dry reinforcement stacks, before resin infusion [4] or injection. Simulation of the forming step aims at predicting the geometry and mechanical properties of the formed stack (so-called preform) for process optimisation. Extensive work has been carried out on prepreg and dry woven fabrics forming behaviour and simulation, but the interest for dry non-woven reinforcements has emerged more recently. Some work has been achieved on non crimp fabrics but studies on the forming behaviour of UDs are seldom and deal with UD prepregs only. Tension and bending in the fibre direction, along with inter-ply friction have been identified as the main mechanisms controlling the HiTape® response during forming. Bending has been characterised using a modified Peirce's flexometer [5] and inter-ply friction study is under development. Anisotropic hyperelastic constitutive models have been selected to represent the assumed decoupled deformation mechanisms. Model parameters are then identified from associated experimental results. For forming simulation, a continuous approach at the macroscopic scale has been selected first, and simulation is carried out in the Zset framework [6] using proper shell finite elements.

  13. Performance enhancement for audio-visual speaker identification using dynamic facial muscle model.

    PubMed

    Asadpour, Vahid; Towhidkhah, Farzad; Homayounpour, Mohammad Mehdi

    2006-10-01

    Science of human identification using physiological characteristics or biometry has been of great concern in security systems. However, robust multimodal identification systems based on audio-visual information has not been thoroughly investigated yet. Therefore, the aim of this work to propose a model-based feature extraction method which employs physiological characteristics of facial muscles producing lip movements. This approach adopts the intrinsic properties of muscles such as viscosity, elasticity, and mass which are extracted from the dynamic lip model. These parameters are exclusively dependent on the neuro-muscular properties of speaker; consequently, imitation of valid speakers could be reduced to a large extent. These parameters are applied to a hidden Markov model (HMM) audio-visual identification system. In this work, a combination of audio and video features has been employed by adopting a multistream pseudo-synchronized HMM training method. Noise robust audio features such as Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC), spectral subtraction (SS), and relative spectra perceptual linear prediction (J-RASTA-PLP) have been used to evaluate the performance of the multimodal system once efficient audio feature extraction methods have been utilized. The superior performance of the proposed system is demonstrated on a large multispeaker database of continuously spoken digits, along with a sentence that is phonetically rich. To evaluate the robustness of algorithms, some experiments were performed on genetically identical twins. Furthermore, changes in speaker voice were simulated with drug inhalation tests. In 3 dB signal to noise ratio (SNR), the dynamic muscle model improved the identification rate of the audio-visual system from 91 to 98%. Results on identical twins revealed that there was an apparent improvement on the performance for the dynamic muscle model-based system, in which the identification rate of the audio-visual system was enhanced from 87 to 96%.

  14. Apparatus for providing sensory substitution of force feedback

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Massimino, Michael J. (Inventor); Sheridan, Thomas B. (Inventor)

    1995-01-01

    A feedback apparatus for an operator to control an effector that is remote from the operator to interact with a remote environment has a local input device to be manipulated by the operator. Sensors in the effector's environment are capable of sensing the amplitude of forces arising between the effector and its environment, the direction of application of such forces, or both amplitude and direction. A feedback signal corresponding to such a component of the force, is generated and transmitted to the environment of the operator. The signal is transduced into an auditory sensory substitution signal to which the operator is sensitive. Sound production apparatus present the auditory signal to the operator. The full range of the force amplitude may be represented by a single, audio speaker. Auditory display elements may be stereo headphones or free standing audio speakers, numbering from one to many more than two. The location of the application of the force may also be specified by the location of audio speakers that generate signals corresponding to specific forces. Alternatively, the location may be specified by the frequency of an audio signal, or by the apparent location of an audio signal, as simulated by a combination of signals originating at different locations.

  15. Degradation of the Adhesive Properties of MD-944 Diode Tape by Simulated Low Earth Orbit Environmental Factors

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Albyn, K.; Finckenor, M.

    2006-01-01

    The International Space Station (ISS) solar arrays utilize MD-944 diode tape with silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive to protect the underlying diodes and also provide a high-emittance surface. On-orbit, the silicone adhesive will be exposed and ultimately convert to a glass-like silicate due to atomic oxygen (AO). The current operational plan is to retract ISS solar array P6 and leave it stored under load for a long duration (6 mo or more). The exposed silicone adhesive must not cause the solar array to stick to itself or cause the solar array to fail during redeployment. The Environmental Effects Branch at Marshall Space Flight Center, under direction from the ISS Program Office Environments Team, performed simulated space environment exposures with 5-eV AO, near ultraviolet radiation and ionizing radiation. The exposed diode tape samples were put under preload and then the resulting blocking force was measured using a tensile test machine. Test results indicate that high-energy AO, ultraviolet radiation, and electron ionizing radiation exposure all reduce the blocking force for a silicone-to-silicone bond. AO exposure produces the most significant reduction in blocking force

  16. Advances in In-Situ Inspection of Automated Fiber Placement Systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Juarez, Peter D.; Cramer, K. Elliott; Seebo, Jeffrey P.

    2016-01-01

    The advent of Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) systems have aided the rapid manufacturing of composite aerospace structures. One of the challenges that AFP systems present is the uniformity of the deposited prepreg tape layers, which are prone to laps, gaps, overlaps and twists. The current detection modus operandi involves halting fabrication and performing a time consuming visual inspection of each tape layer. Typical AFP systems use a quartz lamp to heat the base layer to make the surface tacky as it deposits another tape layer. The idea was proposed to use the preheated base layer as a through transmission heat source and to inspect the newly added tape layer using a thermographic camera. As a preliminary study of this concept a laboratory proof of concept device was designed and constructed to simulate the through transmission heat source. Using the proof of concept device, we inspected an AFP-built uncured composite specimen with artificial manufacturing defects. This paper will discuss the results of this preliminary study and the implications involved with deploying a full-scale AFP inspection system.

  17. Interdisciplinary cognitive task analysis: a strategy to develop a comprehensive endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography protocol for use in fellowship training.

    PubMed

    Canopy, Erin; Evans, Matt; Boehler, Margaret; Roberts, Nicole; Sanfey, Hilary; Mellinger, John

    2015-10-01

    Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a challenging procedure performed by surgeons and gastroenterologists. We employed cognitive task analysis to identify steps and decision points for this procedure. Standardized interviews were conducted with expert gastroenterologists (7) and surgeons (4) from 4 institutions. A procedural step and cognitive decision point protocol was created from audio-taped transcriptions and was refined by 5 additional surgeons. Conceptual elements, sequential actions, and decision points were iterated for 5 tasks: patient preparation, duodenal intubation, selective cannulation, imaging interpretation with related therapeutic intervention, and complication management. A total of 180 steps were identified. Gastroenterologists identified 34 steps not identified by surgeons, and surgeons identified 20 steps not identified by gastroenterologists. The findings suggest that for complex procedures performed by diverse practitioners, more experts may help delineate distinctive emphases differentiated by training background and type of practice. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  18. Secondary HIV prevention among kothi-identified MSM in Chennai, India.

    PubMed

    Chakrapani, Venkatesan; Newman, Peter A; Shunmugam, Murali

    2008-05-01

    This study explored experiences and contexts of HIV risk and prevention among HIV-positive kothi-identified men in Chennai, India. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 HIV-positive men and three service providers, recruited using purposive sampling. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed in Tamil and translated into English. Data were analysed using a narrative thematic approach and constant comparative method. Misconceptions about HIV transmission; cultural taboos around discussing sexual behaviour and HIV; stigma related to same-sex behaviour; harassment; and the criminalization of consensual sex between men present formidable challenges to HIV prevention. Frank and open discussion about male-to-male sexual behaviour and living with HIV, which may support health and HIV prevention, may be dangerous in the context of pervasive risks due to stigmatization, violence and criminalization. Instead, culturally appropriate, multi-level interventions developed in collaboration with community stakeholders are needed to support HIV prevention among kothi-identified men in South India.

  19. Attitudes of patients with bipolar disorder toward the Life Chart Methodology: a phenomenological study.

    PubMed

    van Bendegem, Mischa A; van den Heuvel, Silvio C G H; Kramer, Laura J; Goossens, Peter J J

    2014-01-01

    The Dutch guideline for bipolar disorder (BD) recommends the use of the Life Chart Methodology (LCM) to help patients to monitor fluctuating mood patterns. But in practice patients show ambivalent attitudes toward this instrument. To describe attitudes and motivations of patients with BD for (non-)using the LCM. A phenomenological study with unstructured in-depth interviews of 14 patients with BD. Patient narratives were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, analyzed, and coded inductively. The results show that despite variability in perceptions and willingness to work with the LCM, the general attitude toward this instrument was a recognized value for using the LCM. However, the emotional impact of daily mood charting was experienced as a substantial burden, particularly during the early stages of diagnosis. The impact of the diagnosis of BD needs to be taken in account when introducing the instrument for the first time to a patient. © The Author(s) 2014.

  20. Occupational Therapy Students' Perceptions of Spirituality in Training.

    PubMed

    Mthembu, Thuli Godfrey; Ahmed, Firdous; Nkuna, Thembi; Yaca, Khalipha

    2015-12-01

    Spirituality is recognized as an essential and integral component of a holistic approach in occupational therapy practice. However, little is known about occupational therapy students' perceptions regarding spirituality in learning context. This study used qualitative exploratory, descriptive design to explore the occupational therapy students' perceptions about spirituality in training. Using purposive sampling, four semi-structured interviews were conducted with two students, a lecturer and an occupational therapist. In addition, two focus groups were conducted with students in order to collect data. Data collected were audio-taped; transcribed and thematic analysis was used to identify themes. The analysis resulted in emergence of four themes: "Unique to every individual," "Spirituality in occupational therapy," "To be or not to be taught," and "The Real world." Participants perceived spirituality as an individually experienced. The study contributes to the body of knowledge base of occupational therapy education regarding spirituality. However, there is a need for guidelines to integrate spirituality in occupational therapy training.

  1. Changes in snoring during natural sleep identified by acoustic crest factor analysis at different times of night.

    PubMed

    Hill, P D; Osman, E Z; Osborne, J E; Lee, B W

    2000-12-01

    Sleep nasendoscopy can be used to identify the site of snoring but questions remain about how well a short assessment during drug-induced sleep reflects the natural condition. To investigate the uniformity of snoring during natural sleep we studied five patients (three men, two women) referred by their GPs for treatment of their snoring. A digital audio tape recorder captured the free-field snore sound at different times of night in hospital. Acoustic Crest Factor values were calculated on the 15 recordings made, having previously demonstrated that high crest factor values distinguish palatal from non-palatal snoring at sleep nasendoscopy. Some recordings showed reproducibility, but others showed substantial changes between recordings an hour apart. We infer that the snoring mechanism may change in some individuals during the night, with or without a change of snore site. We conclude a single recording, as in sleep nasendoscopy, may not be representative.

  2. An inexpensive frequency-modulated (FM) audio monitor of time-dependent analog parameters.

    PubMed

    Langdon, R B; Jacobs, R S

    1980-02-01

    The standard method for quantification and presentation of an experimental variable in real time is the use of visual display on the ordinate of an oscilloscope screen or chart recorder. This paper describes a relatively simple electronic circuit, using commercially available and inexpensive integrated circuits (IC), which generates an audible tone, the pitch of which varies in proportion to a running variable of interest. This device, which we call an "Audioscope," can accept as input the monitor output from any instrument that expresses an experimental parameter as a dc voltage. The Audioscope is particularly useful in implanting microelectrodes intracellularly. It may also function to mediate the first step in data recording on magnetic tape, and/or data analysis and reduction by electronic circuitary. We estimate that this device can be built, with two-channel capability, for less than $50, and in less than 10 hr by an experienced electronics technician.

  3. A portable smoking pattern recorder.

    PubMed

    Creighton, D E; Noble, M J; Whewell, R T

    1979-01-01

    An instrument has been developed which can be used to record the smoking patterns of human smokers in almost any location. The smoker is required to smoke the cigarette through an orifice plate cigarette holder connected to the recorder. The smoking pattern data are recorded onto a standard audio cassette as pressure and flow signals together with timing impulses and speech. The instrument is battery powered and can be built into a small brief case. The four channels of data are decoded on a separate instrument, which uses the timing signals to synchronise a data logger, thus making the whole system independent of tape speed errors. The speech channel is used to identify the smoker, cigarette, location, etc. Comparisons have been made of the performance of the portable recorder and a laboratory smoking analyser and data logger. It was found that data decoded from the portable recorder are generally within 1% of the values recorded directly on the laboratory instrument.

  4. [The Munich Attachment and Effectiveness Study: Study Design and a Case Example].

    PubMed

    Hörz-Sagstetter, Susanne; Minow, Anna-Rahel; Erhardt, Ingrid; Barten-Hohn, Julia; Denscherz, Claudia; Buchheim, Anna; Taubner, Svenja; Mertens, Wolfgang

    2016-03-01

    The "Munich Attachment and Effectiveness Study" is a prospective psychotherapy study examining process and outcome of psychoanalytic psychotherapies. The study design and results are exemplified in a single case. At 6 points in time audio-taped and transcribed therapy sessions are evaluated using process instruments (e. g. Psychotherapy Process Q-Set PQS) and interviews (e. g. Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics OPD, Heidelberg Structural Change Scale HSCS, Adult Attachment Interview AAI). In the single case, findings from the psychotherapeutic process (e. g. "therapist is empathic" according to PQS) complement the achieved changes. 5 HSCS problem foci reached level of "restructuring", on the Reflective Functioning Scale a marked change of RF took place and the attachment classification changed over time. The instruments employed in this study corresponded well in assessing change processes in spite of differing theoretical background. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  5. Magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite synthesized by mechanical alloying

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dedi, Idayanti, Novrita; Kristiantoro, Tony; Alam, Ginanjar Fajar Nur; Sudrajat, Nanang

    2018-05-01

    Cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) is a well-known hard magnetic material with high coercivity and moderate magnetization. These properties, along with their great physical and chemical stability, make CoFe2O4 suitable for many applications such as generator, audio, video-tape etc. In this study, the magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite synthesized via the mechanical alloying using α-Fe2O3 of Hot Strip Mill (HSM) waste and cobalt carbonate as the precursors have been investigated. Structural and magnetic properties were systematically investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern exhibited the single phase of cobalt ferrite when the sintering temperature was 1000 °C. Permagraph measurements of the sintered sample revealed a saturation magnetization (Ms) of 77-83 emu/g and coercivity (Hc) of 575 Oe which closely to the magnetic properties of references; Ms = 47.2-56.7 emu/g and Hc =233-2002 Oe.

  6. Learning and teaching science as inquiry: A case study of elementary school teachers' investigations of light

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    van Zee, Emily H.; Hammer, David; Bell, Mary; Roy, Patricia; Peter, Jennifer

    2005-11-01

    This case study documents an example of inquiry learning and teaching during a summer institute for elementary and middle school teachers. A small group constructed an explanatory model for an intriguing optical phenomenon that they were observing. Research questions included: What physics thinking did the learners express? What aspects of scientific inquiry were evident in what the learners said and did? What questions did the learners ask one another as they worked? How did these learners collaborate in constructing understanding? How did the instructor foster their learning? Data sources included video- and audio- tapes of instruction, copies of the participants' writings and drawings, field notes, interviews, and staff reflections. An interpretative narrative of what three group members said and did presents a detailed account of their learning process. Analyses of their utterances provide evidence of physics thinking, scientific inquiry, questioning, collaborative sense making, and insight into ways to foster inquiry learning.

  7. "Abomination"--life as a Bible belt gay.

    PubMed

    Barton, Bernadette

    2010-01-01

    Drawing on observation, autoethnography, and audio-taped interviews, this article explores the religious backgrounds and experiences of Bible Belt gays. In the Bible Belt, Christianity is not confined to Sunday worship. Christian crosses, messages, paraphernalia, music, news, and attitudes permeate everyday settings. Consequently, Christian fundamentalist dogma about homosexuality-that homosexuals are bad, diseased, perverse, sinful, other, and inferior-is cumulatively bolstered within a variety of other social institutions and environments in the Bible Belt. Of the 46 lesbians and gay men interviewed for this study (age 18-74 years), most describe living through spirit-crushing experiences of isolation, abuse, and self-loathing. This article argues that the geographic region of the Bible Belt intersects with religious-based homophobia. Informants explained that negative social attitudes about homosexuality caused a range of harmful consequences in their lives including the fear of going to hell, depression, low self-esteem, and feelings of worthlessness.

  8. High School Physics Students' Personal Epistemologies and School Science Practice

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Alpaslan, Muhammet Mustafa; Yalvac, Bugrahan; Loving, Cathleen

    2017-11-01

    This case study explores students' physics-related personal epistemologies in school science practices. The school science practices of nine eleventh grade students in a physics class were audio-taped over 6 weeks. The students were also interviewed to find out their ideas on the nature of scientific knowledge after each activity. Analysis of transcripts yielded several epistemological resources that students activated in their school science practice. The findings show that there is inconsistency between students' definitions of scientific theories and their epistemological judgments. Analysis revealed that students used several epistemological resources to decide on the accuracy of their data including accuracy via following the right procedure and accuracy via what the others find. Traditional, formulation-based, physics instruction might have led students to activate naive epistemological resources that prevent them to participate in the practice of science in ways that are more meaningful. Implications for future studies are presented.

  9. The influence of gender-related beliefs and conceptions of ability on women learning the hockey wrist shot.

    PubMed

    Belcher, Don; Lee, Amelia M; Solmon, Melinda A; Harrison, Louis

    2003-06-01

    The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability on perceived and actual competene and patterns of behavior during practice of the hockey wrist shot. Sixty-eight undergraduate women formed four treatment conditions based on their beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability. Four teachers taught across the treatment conditions for a total of 16 learning groups. Data were collected through a three-part questionnaire and from audio-video taping of the entire episode to ascertain the paticipants' competency beliefs, effort, and performance. Gender appropriateness impacted the participants' perceptions of competence and actual performance in the study, while beliefs about conceptions of ability did not produce a significant difference. This study reaffirms that educators must work diligently to combat the stereotypical beliefs many hold with respect to the gender appropriateness of physical activities.

  10. Beliefs about the Role of Parenting in Feeding and Childhood Obesity among Mothers of Lower Socioeconomic Status

    PubMed Central

    Kalinowski, Alison; Krause, Kylene; Berdejo, Carla; Harrell, Kristina; Rosenblum, Katherine; Lumeng, Julie C.

    2010-01-01

    Objective To examine beliefs about the role of parenting in feeding and childhood obesity among mothers of lower socioeconomic status. Methods Individual semi-structured audio-taped interview with 91 mothers of preschool-aged children (49% of mothers obese, 21% of children obese) in the Midwestern United States. Participant comments were transcribed and common themes identified using the constant comparative method and NVivo software. Results Mothers often described their parents’ feeding style as authoritarian or neglectful, and their own current style as comparatively indulgent and better. Mothers described parents of overweight children as inept or neglectful, but never described their own parenting as such. Conclusions and Implications Encouraging mothers to reflect on how they were fed as children, how it may impact their current parenting, and how the relationship between mothering and child obesity is complex are important nutrition education opportunities. PMID:21724469

  11. A study on (K, Na) NbO3 based multilayer piezoelectric ceramics micro speaker

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gao, Renlong; Chu, Xiangcheng; Huan, Yu; Sun, Yiming; Liu, Jiayi; Wang, Xiaohui; Li, Longtu

    2014-10-01

    A flat panel micro speaker was fabricated from (K, Na) NbO3 (KNN)-based multilayer piezoelectric ceramics by a tape casting and cofiring process using Ag-Pd alloys as an inner electrode. The interface between ceramic and electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The acoustic response was characterized by a standard audio test system. We found that the micro speaker with dimensions of 23 × 27 × 0.6 mm3, using three layers of 30 μm thickness KNN-based ceramic, has a high average sound pressure level (SPL) of 87 dB, between 100 Hz-20 kHz under five voltage. This result was even better than that of lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based ceramics under the same conditions. The experimental results show that the KNN-based multilayer ceramics could be used as lead free piezoelectric micro speakers.

  12. Performance verification and system parameter identification of spacecraft tape recorder control servo

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mukhopadhyay, A. K.

    1979-01-01

    Design adequacy of the lead-lag compensator of the frequency loop, accuracy checking of the analytical expression for the electrical motor transfer function, and performance evaluation of the speed control servo of the digital tape recorder used on-board the 1976 Viking Mars Orbiters and Voyager 1977 Jupiter-Saturn flyby spacecraft are analyzed. The transfer functions of the most important parts of a simplified frequency loop used for test simulation are described and ten simulation cases are reported. The first four of these cases illustrate the method of selecting the most suitable transfer function for the hysteresis synchronous motor, while the rest verify and determine the servo performance parameters and alternative servo compensation schemes. It is concluded that the linear methods provide a starting point for the final verification/refinement of servo design by nonlinear time response simulation and that the variation of the parameters of the static/dynamic Coulomb friction is as expected in a long-life space mission environment.

  13. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Wang, Hao; Lunt, Barry M.; Gates, Richard J.

    A novel write-once-read-many (WORM) optical stack on Mylar tape is proposed as a replacement for magnetic tape for archival data storage. This optical tape contains a cosputtered bismuth–tellurium–selenium (BTS) alloy as the write layer sandwiched between thin, protective films of reactively sputtered carbon. The composition and thickness of the BTS layer were confirmed by Rutherford Backscattering (RBS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. The C/BTS/C stack on Mylar was written to/marked by 532 nm laser pulses. Under the same conditions, control Mylar films without the optical stack were unaffected. Marks, which showed craters/movement of the write material, were characterized bymore » optical microscopy and AFM. The threshold laser powers for making marks on C/BTS/C stacks with different thicknesses were explored. Higher quality marks were made with a 60× objective compared to a 40× objective in our marking apparatus. Finally, the laser writing process was simulated with COMSOL.« less

  14. A systematic review of interventions to improve recall of medical advice in healthcare consultations.

    PubMed

    Watson, Philip W B; McKinstry, Brian

    2009-06-01

    In order for patients to adhere to healthcare advice, it is essential that they are able to recall this following a consultation. Although psychological research exists which highlights techniques and factors postulated to influence recall, only a limited body of work has been conducted to evaluate their effectiveness in a clinical context. To carry out a systematic review of intervention trials designed to enhance recall of medical information. We searched Medline (1950-April 2007); Embase (1980-April 2007); Cinahl (1982-April 2007); PsychINFO (1969-2007); and the Cochrane Library Collection. Secondary searches were made through reference to relevant journals and reference lists from relevant papers/review papers. From 69 papers provisionally identified, 34 papers met the inclusion criteria. Nine recall interventions had been evaluated (audio recordings, written materials, adjunct questions, prompt sheets, visual aids, cognitive strategies, rehearsal, communication styles and personalized teaching). Despite the experimental and theoretical evidence which could have informed cognitive interventions to enhance recall of healthcare advice, most studies primarily focused on the use of written and/or audio-recorded medical instructions. Although the majority of studies supported these approaches insofar as they enhanced recall, the findings were equivocal. While written and tape-recorded instructions appear to improve recall in most situations, a dearth of interventions incorporating psychological theory was readily apparent. Further research is required in clinical settings to determine if cognitive interventions based on a more over-arching psychological model of recall are effective.

  15. Quality of audio-assisted versus video-assisted dispatcher-instructed bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    PubMed

    Lin, Yu-You; Chiang, Wen-Chu; Hsieh, Ming-Ju; Sun, Jen-Tang; Chang, Yi-Chung; Ma, Matthew Huei-Ming

    2018-02-01

    This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the effect of video-assistance and audio-assistance on quality of dispatcher-instructed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DI-CPR) for bystanders. Five databases were searched, including PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, Scopus and NIH clinical trial, to find randomized control trials published before June 2017. Qualitative analysis and meta-analysis were undertaken to examine the difference between the quality of video-instructed and audio-instructed dispatcher-instructed bystander CPR. The database search yielded 929 records, resulting in the inclusion of 9 relevant articles in this study. Of these, 6 were included in the meta-analysis. Initiation of chest compressions was slower in the video-instructed group than in the audio-instructed group (median delay 31.5 s; 95% CI: 10.94-52.09). The difference in the number of chest compressions per minute between the groups was 19.9 (95% CI: 10.50-29.38) with significantly faster compressions in the video-instructed group than in the audio-instructed group (104.8 vs. 80.6). The odds ratio (OR) for correct hand positioning was 0.8 (95% CI: 0.53-1.30) when comparing the audio-instructed and video-instructed groups. The differences in chest compression depth (mm) and time to first ventilation (seconds) between the video-instructed group and audio-instructed group were 1.6 mm (95% CI: -8.75, 5.55) and 7.5 s (95% CI: -56.84, 71.80), respectively. Video-instructed DI-CPR significantly improved the chest compression rate compared to the audio-instructed method, and a trend for correctness of hand position was also observed. However, this method caused a delay in the commencement of bystander-initiated CPR in the simulation setting. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  16. Evaluation and prediction of long-term environmental effects of nonmetallic materials

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Papazian, H.

    1985-01-01

    The properties of a number of nonmetallic materials were evaluated experimentally in simulated space environments in order to develop models for accelerated test methods useful for predicting such behavioral changes. Graphite-epoxy composites were exposed to thermal cycling. Adhesive foam tapes were subjected to a vacuum environment. Metal-matrix composites were tested for baseline data. Predictive modeling designed to include strength and aging effects on composites, polymeric films, and metals under such space conditions (including the atomic oxygen environment) is discussed. The Korel 8031-00 high strength adhesive foam tape was shown to be superior to the other two tested.

  17. Modelling approach for anisotropic inter-ply slippage in finite element forming simulation of thermoplastic UD-tapes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dörr, Dominik; Faisst, Markus; Joppich, Tobias; Poppe, Christian; Henning, Frank; Kärger, Luise

    2018-05-01

    Finite Element (FE) forming simulation offers the possibility of a detailed analysis of thermoforming processes by means of constitutive modelling of intra- and inter-ply deformation mechanisms, which makes manufacturing defects predictable. Inter-ply slippage is a deformation mechanism, which influences the forming behaviour and which is usually assumed to be isotropic in FE forming simulation so far. Thus, the relative (fibre) orientation between the slipping plies is neglected for modelling of frictional behaviour. Characterization results, however, reveal a dependency of frictional behaviour on the relative orientation of the slipping plies. In this work, an anisotropic model for inter-ply slippage is presented, which is based on an FE forming simulation approach implemented within several user subroutines of the commercially available FE solver Abaqus. This approach accounts for the relative orientation between the slipping plies for modelling frictional behaviour. For this purpose, relative orientation of the slipping plies is consecutively evaluated, since it changes during forming due to inter-ply slipping and intra-ply shearing. The presented approach is parametrized based on characterization results with and without relative orientation for a thermoplastic UD-tape (PA6-CF) and applied to forming simulation of a generic geometry. Forming simulation results reveal an influence of the consideration of relative fibre orientation on the simulation results. This influence, however, is small for the considered geometry.

  18. Original sound compositions reduce anxiety in emergency department patients: a randomised controlled trial.

    PubMed

    Weiland, Tracey J; Jelinek, George A; Macarow, Keely E; Samartzis, Philip; Brown, David M; Grierson, Elizabeth M; Winter, Craig

    2011-12-19

    To determine whether emergency department (ED) patients' self-rated levels of anxiety are affected by exposure to purpose-designed music or sound compositions with and without the audio frequencies of embedded binaural beat. Randomised controlled trial in an ED between 1 February 2010 and 14 April 2010 among a convenience sample of adult patients who were rated as category 3 on the Australasian Triage Scale. All interventions involved listening to soundtracks of 20 minutes' duration that were purpose-designed by composers and sound-recording artists. Participants were allocated at random to one of five groups: headphones and iPod only, no soundtrack (control group); reconstructed ambient noise simulating an ED but free of clear verbalisations; electroacoustic musical composition; composed non-musical soundtracks derived from audio field recordings obtained from natural and constructed settings; sound composition of audio field recordings with embedded binaural beat. All soundtracks were presented on an iPod through headphones. Patients and researchers were blinded to allocation until interventions were administered. State-trait anxiety was self-assessed before the intervention and state anxiety was self-assessed again 20 minutes after the provision of the soundtrack. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Of 291 patients assessed for eligibility, 170 patients completed the pre-intervention anxiety self-assessment and 169 completed the post-intervention assessment. Significant decreases (all P < 0.001) in anxiety level were observed among patients exposed to the electroacoustic musical composition (pre-intervention mean, 39; post-intervention mean, 34), audio field recordings (42; 35) or audio field recordings with embedded bianaural beats (43; 37) when compared with those allocated to receive simulated ED ambient noise (40; 41) or headphones only (44; 44). In moderately anxious ED patients, state anxiety was reduced by 10%-15% following exposure to purpose-designed sound interventions. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN 12608000444381.

  19. Use of clomipramine, alprazolam, and behavior modification for treatment of storm phobia in dogs.

    PubMed

    Crowell-Davis, Sharon L; Seibert, Lynne M; Sung, Wailani; Parthasarathy, Valli; Curtis, Terry M

    2003-03-15

    To evaluate use of clomipramine, alprazolam, and behavior modification for treatment of storm phobia in dogs. Prospective open clinical trial. 40 dogs with storm phobia. Dogs received clomipramine at a dosage of 2 mg/kg (0.9 mg/lb), PO, every 12 hours for 3 months; then 1 mg/kg (0.45 mg/lb), PO, every 12 hours for 2 weeks; then 0.5 mg/kg (0.23 mg/lb), PO, every 12 hours for 2 weeks. Alprazolam was given at a dosage of 0.02 mg/kg (0.009 mg/lb), PO, as needed 1 hour before anticipated storms and every 4 hours as needed. Desensitization and counter-conditioning were conducted at home by the caregiver with an audio simulation of storm sounds that had induced a fear response during evaluation. 30 of the 32 dogs that completed the study had a degree of improvement, as measured by caregivers' global assessment. Two caregivers considered the storm phobia to be resolved. Panting, pacing, trembling, remaining near the caregiver, hiding, excessive salivation, destructiveness, excessive vocalization, self-trauma, and inappropriate elimination all decreased significantly during treatment. Improvement was greater during true storms (rain, thunder, and lightning) than during rain only. Response to audio simulation did not change during treatment. Four months after the study, improvement was maintained. The combination of clomipramine, alprazolam, and behavior modification can be effective in decreasing or eliminating storm phobia. Improvement could not be evaluated by use of audio simulation of a storm.

  20. Podcasting to Support Students Using a Business Simulation

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gorra, Andrea; Finlay, Janet

    2009-01-01

    Audio or video podcasts can be a useful tool to supplement practical exercises such as business simulations. In this paper, we discuss a case study in which different types of podcast were utilised to support the delivery of a course in international business. The students work in groups and run a fictional company using business simulation…

  1. ARC-2008-ACD08-0217-001

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2008-09-24

    Aeronautics Technical Seminar series: Pilot Force Measurement with Inertia and Gravity Compensation by Rodger A. Mueller (offering an interesting behind-the-scenes look at some of the research that goes into creating high-fedelity, pilot-control loader simulation experiences for pilots and astronauts using the world renowned NASA Ames Vertical Motion Simulator) Series audio on file in Ames Library

  2. ARC-2008-ACD08-0217-002

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2008-09-24

    Aeroanutics Technical Seminar series: Pilot Force Measurement with Inertia and Gravity Compensation by Rodger A. Mueller (offering an interesting behind-the-scenes look at some of the research that goes into creating high-fedelity, pilot-control loader simulation experiences for pilots and astronauts using the world renowned NASA Ames Vertical Motion Simulator) Series audio on file in Ames Library

  3. ARC-2008-ACD08-0217-003

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2008-09-24

    Aeroanutics Technical Seminar series: Pilot Force Measurement with Inertia and Gravity Compensation by Rodger A. Mueller (offering an interesting behind-the-scenes look at some of the research that goes into creating high-fedelity, pilot-control loader simulation experiences for pilots and astronauts using the world renowned NASA Ames Vertical Motion Simulator) Series audio on file in Ames Library

  4. Helicopter noise analysis : round-robin test

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1981-08-01

    This report documents the results of an international round robin test on the analysis of helicopter noise. Digital spectral noise data of a 3.5-second simulated helicopter flyover and identical analog test tapes containing helicopter noise data, ref...

  5. Visualization of Flows in Packed Beds of Twisted Tapes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hendricks, R. C.; Braun, M. J.; Peloso, D.; Athavale, M. M.; Mullen, R. L.

    2002-01-01

    A videotape presentation of the flow field in a packed bed of 48 twisted tapes which can be simulated by very thin virtual cylinders has been assembled. The indices of refraction of the oil and the Lucite twisted tapes were closely matched, and the flow was seeded with magnesium oxide particles. Planar laser light projected the flow field in two dimensions both along and transverse to the flow axis. The flow field was three dimensional and complex to describe, yet the most prominent finding was flow threads. It appeared that axial flow spiraled along either within the confines of a virtual cylindrical boundary or within the exterior region, between the tangency points, of the virtual cylinders. Random packing and bed voids created vortices and disrupted the laminar flow but minimized the entrance effects. The flow-pressure drops in the packed bed fell below the Ergun model for porous-media flows. Single-twisted-tape results of Smithberg and Landis (1964) were used to guide the analysis. In appendix A the results of several investigators are scaled to the Ergun model. Further investigations including different geometric configurations, computational fluid dynamic (CFD) gridding, and analysis are required.

  6. Comanche Helmet-Mounted Display Heading-Tape Simulation

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Turpin, Terry; Dowell, Susan; Atencio, Adolph

    2006-01-01

    The Aeroflightdynamics Directorate (AMRDEC) conducted a simulation to assess the performance associated with a Contact Analog, world-referenced heading tape as implemented on the Comanche Helmet Integrated Display Sight System (HIDSS) when compared with a Compressed heading tape similar to that specified by the former Military Standard (MIL-STD) 1295. Six experienced pilots flew three modified Aeronautical Design Standards (ADS)-33 maneuvers (Hover Turn, Bob-up, Transient Turn) and a precision traffic pattern in the NASA Vertical Motion Simulator (VMS). Analysis of the pilot objective performance data and subjective handling qualities ratings (HQRs) showed the following: Compressed symbology in the Velocity Stabilization (VelStab) flight mode generally produced the most precise performances over Contact Analog symbology with respect to the heading, altitude, position, and time criteria specified for the maneuvers tested. VelStab outperformed the Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) on all maneuvers achieving desired performance on most maneuvers for both symbol sets. Performance in the AFCS mode was generally desirable to adequate for heading and altitude and did not meet adequate standards for hover position and time for the Hover Turn and Bob-up maneuvers. VelStab and AFCS performance were nearly the same for the Transient Turn. Pilot comments concerning the Contact Analog heading-tape implementation were generally unfavorable in spite of the achieved levels of performance. HQRs showed Compressed symbology in the VelStab flight mode produced the lowest mean HQR, encompassing mixed ratings of satisfactory handling and needing improvement. All other symbology/flight-mode combinations yielded higher HQRs, which characterized opinions that deficiencies in aircraft handling due to HMD symbology would need improvement. Contact Analog heading tape and other symbology require improvement, especially when operating in the AFCS mode. NASA-TLX rated Compressed symbology in the VelStab flight mode as the least demanding on resources, closely followed by ratings for Contact Analog in the VelStab mode. In a similar pattern, TLX ratings for maneuvers completed in the AFCS mode yielded a higher level of resource demand with even slighter differences between Contact Analog and Compressed symbology sets. Further research should be conducted where objective data and subjective HQR ratings indicate a need for improvement. The areas requiring attention are those where the symbology implementation, the flight control system, or a combination of both caused workload to reach an objectionable level where adequate performance was either difficult to achieve or unachievable. These areas are clearly identified in this report. Symbology that received negative HQR comments by a majority of pilots should also be examined. The summary of pilot comments can be found in appendix A. Additional simulation trials should be considered to address the identified issues.

  7. A Robust Zero-Watermarking Algorithm for Audio

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chen, Ning; Zhu, Jie

    2007-12-01

    In traditional watermarking algorithms, the insertion of watermark into the host signal inevitably introduces some perceptible quality degradation. Another problem is the inherent conflict between imperceptibility and robustness. Zero-watermarking technique can solve these problems successfully. Instead of embedding watermark, the zero-watermarking technique extracts some essential characteristics from the host signal and uses them for watermark detection. However, most of the available zero-watermarking schemes are designed for still image and their robustness is not satisfactory. In this paper, an efficient and robust zero-watermarking technique for audio signal is presented. The multiresolution characteristic of discrete wavelet transform (DWT), the energy compression characteristic of discrete cosine transform (DCT), and the Gaussian noise suppression property of higher-order cumulant are combined to extract essential features from the host audio signal and they are then used for watermark recovery. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our scheme in terms of inaudibility, detection reliability, and robustness.

  8. High-Tensile Strength Tape Versus High-Tensile Strength Suture: A Biomechanical Study.

    PubMed

    Gnandt, Ryan J; Smith, Jennifer L; Nguyen-Ta, Kim; McDonald, Lucas; LeClere, Lance E

    2016-02-01

    To determine which suture design, high-tensile strength tape or high-tensile strength suture, performed better at securing human tissue across 4 selected suture techniques commonly used in tendinous repair, by comparing the total load at failure measured during a fixed-rate longitudinal single load to failure using a biomechanical testing machine. Matched sets of tendon specimens with bony attachments were dissected from 15 human cadaveric lower extremities in a manner allowing for direct comparison testing. With the use of selected techniques (simple Mason-Allen in the patellar tendon specimens, whip stitch in the quadriceps tendon specimens, and Krackow stitch in the Achilles tendon specimens), 1 sample of each set was sutured with a 2-mm braided, nonabsorbable, high-tensile strength tape and the other with a No. 2 braided, nonabsorbable, high-tensile strength suture. A total of 120 specimens were tested. Each model was loaded to failure at a fixed longitudinal traction rate of 100 mm/min. The maximum load and failure method were recorded. In the whip stitch and the Krackow-stitch models, the high-tensile strength tape had a significantly greater mean load at failure with a difference of 181 N (P = .001) and 94 N (P = .015) respectively. No significant difference was found in the Mason-Allen and simple stitch models. Pull-through remained the most common method of failure at an overall rate of 56.7% (suture = 55%; tape = 58.3%). In biomechanical testing during a single load to failure, high-tensile strength tape performs more favorably than high-tensile strength suture, with a greater mean load to failure, in both the whip- and Krackow-stitch models. Although suture pull-through remains the most common method of failure, high-tensile strength tape requires a significantly greater load to pull-through in a whip-stitch and Krakow-stitch model. The biomechanical data obtained in the current study indicates that high-tensile strength tape may provide better repair strength compared with high-tensile strength suture at time-zero simulated testing. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  9. A randomized controlled trial of a mixed Kinesio taping-compression technique on venous symptoms, pain, peripheral venous flow, clinical severity and overall health status in postmenopausal women with chronic venous insufficiency.

    PubMed

    Aguilar-Ferrándiz, M Encarnación; Castro-Sánchez, Adelaida María; Matarán-Peñarrocha, Guillermo A; Guisado-Barrilao, Rafael; García-Ríos, M Carmen; Moreno-Lorenzo, Carmen

    2014-01-01

    To investigate the effect of a mixed Kinesio taping treatment in women with chronic venous insufficiency. A double-blinded randomized clinical trial. Clinical setting. One hundred and twenty postmenopausal women with mild-moderate chronic venous insufficiency were randomly assigned to an experimental group receiving standardized Kinesio taping treatment for gastrocnemius muscle enhancement and ankle functional correction, or to a placebo control group for simulated Kinesio taping. MAIN OUTCOMES VARIABLES: Venous symptoms, pain, photoplethysmographic measurements, bioelectrical impedance, temperature, severity and overall health were recorded at baseline and after four weeks of treatment. The 2 × 2 mixed model ANCOVA with repeated measurements showed statistically significant group * time interaction for heaviness (F = 22.99, p = 0.002), claudication (F = 8.57, p = 0.004), swelling (F = 22.58, p = 0.001), muscle cramps (F = 7.14, p = 0.008), venous refill time (right: F = 9.45, p = 0.023; left: F = 14.86, p = 0.001), venous pump function (right: F = 35.55, p = 0.004; left: F = 17.39 p = 0.001), extracellular water (right: F = 35.55, p = 0.004; left: F = 23.84, p = 0.001), severity (F = 18.47, p = 0.001), physical function (F = 9.15, p = 0.003) and body pain (F = 3.36, p = 0.043). Both groups reported significant reduction in pain. Mixed Kinesio taping-compression therapy improves symptoms, peripheral venous flow and severity and slightly increases overall health status in females with mild chronic venous insufficiency. Kinesio taping may have a placebo effect on pain.

  10. Using Voice Recognition Equipment to Run the Warfare Environmental Simulator (WES),

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1981-03-01

    simulations and models are often used. War games are a type of simulation frequently used by the military to evaluate C3 effectiveness. Through the use of a...to 162 words or short phrases (Appendix B). B. EQUIPMENT USED 1. Hardware Description [13] For the experiment a Threshold Model T600 discrete... Model T600 terminal used in this experiment con- sists of an analog speech preprocessor, microcomputer, CRT/keyboard unit, magnetic tape cartridge unit

  11. Challenges in Learning Preclinical Prosthodontics: A Survey of Perceptions of Dental Undergraduates and Teaching Faculty at an Indian Dental School

    PubMed Central

    Jyotsna, S; Rajesh, G; Wadgave, Umesh; Sankeshwari, Banashree; Nayak, Sushma S; Vyas, Rashmi

    2017-01-01

    Introduction Preclinical dental education promotes development of competency and expertise before students work on patients, but this phase is devoid of exposure to real patients leading to challenges in teaching-learning. Aim The aim of this study was to explore the challenges faced by students during the process of learning preclinical prosthodontics. Materials and Methods Two Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted with two different groups of students and one FGD was held with prosthodontics faculty. The FGDs explored the student’s and faculty perceptions on the topics which were difficult for the students to understand and their suggestions on how these topics can be made easier to understand. The discussions were audio taped with prior consent and transcribed. Results The students and the faculty felt that the subject of prosthodontics is vast, difficult to visualize and also difficult to correlate theory with practical aspects. Lack of clinical exposure coupled with use of conventional methods of teaching were identified as reasons for difficulty in understanding the subject. Both students and faculty members suggested that use of simulation, demonstrations, and videos could augment the learning process for the students. Early clinical exposure will help solve many problems encountered during learning and contribute to a better understanding. Conclusion The students and faculty expressed a “need” for early clinical exposure to enhance the learner’s understanding of the preclinical aspects of the subject. The present study highlights the need for change in instruction methods to enhance the learning experiences in preclinical prosthodontics of dental undergraduate students in India. PMID:28969263

  12. Head-Up Auditory Displays for Traffic Collision Avoidance System Advisories: A Preliminary Investigation

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Begault, Durand R.

    1993-01-01

    The advantage of a head-up auditory display was evaluated in a preliminary experiment designed to measure and compare the acquisition time for capturing visual targets under two auditory conditions: standard one-earpiece presentation and two-earpiece three-dimensional (3D) audio presentation. Twelve commercial airline crews were tested under full mission simulation conditions at the NASA-Ames Man-Vehicle Systems Research Facility advanced concepts flight simulator. Scenario software generated visual targets corresponding to aircraft that would activate a traffic collision avoidance system (TCAS) aural advisory; the spatial auditory position was linked to the visual position with 3D audio presentation. Results showed that crew members using a 3D auditory display acquired targets approximately 2.2 s faster than did crew members who used one-earpiece head- sets, but there was no significant difference in the number of targets acquired.

  13. Neuronal networks and self-organizing maps: new computer techniques in the acoustic evaluation of the infant cry.

    PubMed

    Schönweiler, R; Kaese, S; Möller, S; Rinscheid, A; Ptok, M

    1996-12-05

    Neuronal networks are computer-based techniques for the evaluation and control of complex information systems and processes. So far, they have been used in engineering, telecommunications, artificial speech and speech recognition. A new approach in neuronal network is the self-organizing map (Kohonen map). In the phase of 'learning', the map adapts to the patterns of the primary signals. If, the phase of 'using the map', the input signal hits the field of the primary signals, it resembles them and is called a 'winner'. In our study, we recorded the cries of newborns and young infants using digital audio tape (DAT) and a high quality microphone. The cries were elicited by tactile stimuli wearing headphones. In 27 cases, delayed auditory feedback was presented to the children using a headphone and an additional three-head tape-recorder. Spectrographic characteristics of the cries were classified by 20-step bark spectra and then applied to the neuronal networks. It was possible to recognize similarities of different cries of the same children as well as interindividual differences, which are also audible to experienced listeners. Differences were obvious in profound hearing loss. We know much about the cries of both healthy and sick infants, but a reliable investigation regimen, which can be used for clinical routine purposes, has yet not been developed. If, in the future, it becomes possible to classify spectrographic characteristics automatically, even if they are not audible, neuronal networks may be helpful in the early diagnosis of infant diseases.

  14. A little elastic for a better performance: kinesiotaping of the motor effector modulates neural mechanisms for rhythmic movements.

    PubMed

    Bravi, Riccardo; Quarta, Eros; Cohen, Erez J; Gottard, Anna; Minciacchi, Diego

    2014-01-01

    A rhythmic motor performance is brought about by an integration of timing information with movements. Investigations on the millisecond time scale distinguish two forms of time control, event-based timing and emergent timing. While event-based timing asserts the existence of a central internal timekeeper for the control of repetitive movements, the emergent timing perspective claims that timing emerges from dynamic control of nontemporal movements parameters. We have recently demonstrated that the precision of an isochronous performance, defined as performance of repeated movements having a uniform duration, was insensible to auditory stimuli of various characteristics (Bravi et al., 2014). Such finding has led us to investigate whether the application of an elastic therapeutic tape (Kinesio® Tex taping; KTT) used for treating athletic injuries and a variety of physical disorders, is able to reduce the timing variability of repetitive rhythmic movement. Young healthy subjects, tested with and without KTT, have participated in sessions in which sets of repeated isochronous wrist's flexion-extensions (IWFEs) were performed under various auditory conditions and during their recall. Kinematics was recorded and temporal parameters were extracted and analyzed. Our results show that the application of KTT decreases the variability of rhythmic movements by a 2-fold effect: on the one hand KTT provides extra proprioceptive information activating cutaneous mechanoreceptors, on the other KTT biases toward the emergent timing thus modulating the processes for rhythmic movements. Therefore, KTT appears able to render movements less audio dependent by relieving, at least partially, the central structures from time control and making available more resources for an augmented performance.

  15. A systematic review of interventions to improve recall of medical advice in healthcare consultations

    PubMed Central

    Watson, Philip WB; McKinstry, Brian

    2009-01-01

    Abstract Background In order for patients to adhere to healthcare advice, it is essential that they are able to recall this following a consultation. Although psychological research exists which highlights techniques and factors postulated to influence recall, only a limited body of work has been conducted to evaluate their effectiveness in a clinical context. Aim To carry out a systematic review of intervention trials designed to enhance recall of medical information. Methods We searched Medline (1950–April 2007); Embase (1980–April 2007); Cinahl (1982–April 2007); PsychINFO (1969–2007); and the Cochrane Library Collection. Secondary searches were made through reference to relevant journals and reference lists from relevant papers/review papers. Results From 69 papers provisionally identified, 34 papers met the inclusion criteria. Nine recall interventions had been evaluated (audio recordings, written materials, adjunct questions, prompt sheets, visual aids, cognitive strategies, rehearsal, communication styles and personalized teaching). Despite the experimental and theoretical evidence which could have informed cognitive interventions to enhance recall of healthcare advice, most studies primarily focused on the use of written and/or audio-recorded medical instructions. Although the majority of studies supported these approaches insofar as they enhanced recall, the findings were equivocal. Conclusion While written and tape-recorded instructions appear to improve recall in most situations, a dearth of interventions incorporating psychological theory was readily apparent. Further research is required in clinical settings to determine if cognitive interventions based on a more over-arching psychological model of recall are effective. PMID:19531618

  16. Role of Australian primary healthcare organisations (PHCOs) in primary healthcare (PHC) workforce planning: lessons from abroad.

    PubMed

    Naccarella, Lucio; Buchan, James; Newton, Bill; Brooks, Peter

    2011-08-01

    To review international experience in order to inform Australian PHC workforce policy on the role of primary healthcare organisations (PHCOs/Medicare Locals) in PHC workforce planning. A NZ and UK study tour was conducted by the lead author, involving 29 key informant interviews with regard to PHCOs roles and the effect on PHC workforce planning. Interviews were audio-taped with consent, transcribed and analysed thematically. Emerging themes included: workforce planning is a complex, dynamic, iterative process and key criteria exist for doing workforce planning well; PHCOs lacked a PHC workforce policy framework to do workforce planning; PHCOs lacked authority, power and appropriate funding to do workforce planning; there is a need to align workforce planning with service planning; and a PHC Workforce Planning and Development Benchmarking Database is essential for local planning and evaluating workforce reforms. With the Australian government promoting the role of PHCOs in health system reform, reflections from abroad highlight the key action within PHC and PHCOs required to optimise PHC workforce planning.

  17. Experiences of women in secure care who have been prescribed clozapine for borderline personality disorder.

    PubMed

    Dickens, Geoffrey L; Frogley, Catherine; Mason, Fiona; Anagnostakis, Katina; Picchioni, Marco M

    2016-01-01

    Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic medicine which can cause significant side-effects. It is often prescribed off-license in severe cases of borderline personality disorder contrary to national treatment guidelines. Little is known about the experiences of those who take clozapine for borderline personality disorder. We explored the lived-experience of women in secure inpatient care who were prescribed clozapine for borderline personality disorder. Adult females ( N  = 20) participated in audio-taped semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were subject to thematic analysis. The central themes related to evaluation, wellbeing, understanding and self-management; for many, their subjective wellbeing on clozapine was preferred to prior levels of functioning and symptomatology, sometimes profoundly so. The negative and potentially adverse effects of clozapine were explained as regrettable but relatively unimportant. When psychological interventions are, at least initially, ineffective then clozapine treatment is likely to be evaluated positively by a group of women with borderline personality disorder in secure care despite the potential disadvantages.

  18. American Indian Men's Perceptions of Breast Cancer Screening for American Indian Women.

    PubMed

    Filippi, Melissa K; Pacheco, Joseph; James, Aimee S; Brown, Travis; Ndikum-Moffor, Florence; Choi, Won S; Greiner, K Allen; Daley, Christine M

    2014-01-01

    Screening, especially screening mammography, is vital for decreasing breast cancer incidence and mortality. Screening rates in American Indian women are low compared to other racial/ethnic groups. In addition, American Indian women are diagnosed at more advanced stages and have lower 5-year survival rate than others. To better address the screening rates of American Indian women, focus groups (N=8) were conducted with American Indian men (N=42) to explore their perceptions of breast cancer screening for American Indian women. Our intent was to understand men's support level toward screening. Using a community-based participatory approach, focus groups were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using a text analysis approach developed by our team. Topics discussed included breast cancer and screening knowledge, barriers to screening, and suggestions to improve screening rates. These findings can guide strategies to improve knowledge and awareness, communication among families and health care providers, and screening rates in American Indian communities.

  19. Doctors in a Southeast Asian country communicate sub-optimally regardless of patients' educational background.

    PubMed

    Claramita, Mora; Dalen, Jan Van; Van Der Vleuten, Cees Pm

    2011-12-01

    To explore the relationship between the style of doctor-patient communication and patients' educational background in a Southeast Asian teaching hospital setting using the Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS). We analyzed a total of 245 audio-taped consultations involving 30 internal medicine residents with 7-10 patients each in the internal medicine outpatient clinics. The patients were categorized into a group with a high and a group with a low educational level. We ranked the data into 41 RIAS utterances and RIAS-based composite categories in order of observed frequency during consultations. The residents invariantly used a paternalistic style irrespective of patients' educational background. The RIAS utterances and the composite categories show no significant relationship between communication style and patients' educational level. Doctors in a Southeast Asian country use a paternalistic communication style during consultations, regardless of patients' educational background. To approach a more partnership doctor-patient communication, culture and clinical environment concern of Southeast Asian should be further investigated. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  20. Inclusion understood from the perspectives of children with disability.

    PubMed

    Spencer-Cavaliere, Nancy; Watkinson, E Jane

    2010-10-01

    This study explored the perspectives of children with disabilities regarding the concept of inclusion in physical activity. Participants were children (two girls, nine boys, Mage = 10 years, five months, age range: 8-12 years) with disabilities, including cerebral palsy, fine and gross motor delays, developmental coordination disorder, muscular dystrophy, nemaline myopathy, brachial plexus injury, and severe asthma. Children's perspectives on inclusion in physical activity (e.g., sports, games, and play) were explored through semistructured interviews. Interviews were digitally audio taped and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed through content analysis. Three themes emerged from the data: gaining entry to play, feeling like a legitimate participant, and having friends. These themes were associated with feeling included to varying degrees in sports, games, and play. In essence, it was the actions of others that were the prominent features identified by children that contributed to feeling more or less included in physical activity contexts. These results are discussed in relation to inclusion in physical education, recreation, and unstructured free play.

  1. Mixed Feelings about the Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Consequence of Adjusting To Health Related Quality Of Life

    PubMed Central

    Low, Lee Lan; Tong, Seng Fah; Low, Wah Yun

    2015-01-01

    This study aims to explore patients’ reactions to the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their health related quality of life. We adopted a qualitative exploratory study design using a thematic analysis. Twelve patients with T2DM for more than a 2-year duration were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Both purposive and theoretical samplings were used for data collection. The in-depth interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim, followed by line-by-line coding and constant comparison to identify the themes. Data management was facilitated using Nvivo 10. Patients shared their mixed feelings about the diagnosis of T2DM. Six domains of quality of life emerged from these interviews, namely physical and social functioning, work function and social obligations, dietary freedom and conforming to treatment standard. Diabetes management needs to take these themes and patients’ feelings associated with their quality of life into consideration. PMID:24851592

  2. Source monitoring and false memories in children: relation to certainty and executive functioning.

    PubMed

    Ruffman, T; Rustin, C; Garnham, W; Parkin, A J

    2001-10-01

    We presented children aged 6, 8, and 10 years with a video and then an audio tape about a dog named Mick. Some information was repeated in the two sources and some was unique to one source. We examined: (a) children's hit rate for remembering whether events occurred and their tendency to make false alarms, (b) their memory for the context in which events occurred (source monitoring), (c) their certainty about hits, false alarms, and source, and (d) whether working memory and inhibition were related to hits, false alarms, and source monitoring. The certainty ratings revealed deficits in children's understanding of when they had erred on source questions and of when they had made false alarms. In addition, inhibitory ability accounted for unique variance in the ability to avoid false alarms and in some kinds of source monitoring but not hits. In contrast, working memory tended to correlate with all forms of memory including hits. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.

  3. The Development of the DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview-Fidelity Instrument (CFI-FI): A Pilot Study

    PubMed Central

    Aggarwal, Neil Krishan; Glass, Andrew; Tirado, Amilcar; Boiler, Marit; Nicasio, Andel; Alegría, Margarita; Wall, Melanie; Lewis-Fernández, Roberto

    2015-01-01

    This paper reports on the development of the Cultural Formulation Interview-Fidelity Instrument (CFI-FI) which assesses clinician fidelity to the DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI). The CFI consists of a manualized set of standard questions that can precede every psychiatric evaluation. It is based on the DSM-IV Outline for Cultural Formulation, the cross-cultural assessment with the most evidence in psychiatric training. Using the New York sample of the DSM-5 CFI field trial, two independent raters created and finalized items for the CFI-FI based on six audio-taped and transcribed interviews. The raters then used the final CFI-FI to rate the remaining 23 interviews. Inter-rater reliability ranged from .73 to 1 for adherence items and .52 to 1 for competence items. The development of the CFI-FI can help researchers and administrators determine whether the CFI has been implemented with fidelity, permitting future intervention research. PMID:25130248

  4. Patients' perspectives about why they have their contraceptive Implanon NXT device removed early.

    PubMed

    Flore, Meike; Chen, Xiaoshuang Lilly; Bonney, Andrew; Mullan, Judy; Dijkmans-Hadley, Bridget; Hodgkins, Adam; Evans, Gina; Frew, Haley; Lloyd, Gail

    2016-10-01

    Women with long-acting, reversible contraceptive devices inserted may choose to remove them prior to their planned expiry dates. The objective of this study was to explore Australian women's experiences with the etonogestrel subdermal contraceptive implant (Implanon NXT) and why they had it removed early. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 women between June 2013 and January 2014. Transcriptions of the audio-taped interviews were analysed using a constant comparative analysis framework. Two core themes of participants' responses that were identified in this study were influences on choice of contraception, which included convenience and information sources; and influences on removal of contraception, which included side effects and their negative impacts on relationships and financial costs. This study highlights that women's experiences with side effects contribute to the early removal of long-acting contraceptive devices such as Implanon NXT. This study emphasises the importance of general practitioners (GPs) in providing comprehensive information about the benefits and potential side effects associated with using these implants.

  5. Social Influences of Help-Seeking Behaviour Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Malaysia.

    PubMed

    Low, Lee Lan; Tong, Seng Fah; Low, Wah Yun

    2016-01-01

    This qualitative study aimed to explore the influence of social networks such as family members, friends, peers, and health care providers toward the help-seeking behaviour (HSB) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the public and private primary care settings. In-depth interviews of 12 patients, 9 family members, and 5 health care providers, as well as 3 focus groups among 13 health care providers were conducted. All interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim for qualitative analysis. Social influences play a significant role in the help-seeking process; once diagnosed, patients source information from people around them to make decisions. This significant influence depends on the relationship between patients and social networks or the level of trust, support, and comforting feeling. Thus, the impacts on patients' help-seeking behavior are varied. However, the help-seeking process is not solely an individual's concern but a dynamic process interacting with the social networks within the health care system. © 2015 APJPH.

  6. Barriers to and Facilitators of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Nepal: A Qualitative Study

    PubMed Central

    Simkhada, Padam; Randall, Julian; Freeman, Jennifer V; van Teijlingen, Edwin

    2012-01-01

    Patient's adherence is crucial to get the best out of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study explores in-depth the barriers to and facilitators of ART adherence among Nepalese patients and service providers prescribing ART. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted with 34 participants. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed, and translated into English before being analyzed thematically. ART-prescribed patients described a range of barriers for failing to adhere to ART. Financial difficulties, access to healthcare services, frequent transport blockades, religious/ritual obstacles, stigma and discrimination, and side-effects were the most-frequently discussed barriers whereas trustworthy health workers, perceived health benefits, and family support were the most-reported facilitators. Understanding barriers and facilitators can help in the design of an appropriate and targeted intervention. Healthcare providers should address some of the practical and cultural issues around ART whilst policy-makers should develop appropriate social policy to promote adherence among ART-prescribed patients. PMID:23304907

  7. Strategies and willingness of rural restaurateurs to promote healthy foods.

    PubMed

    Benson, W

    1995-01-01

    Nutritionists need to understand the willingness of restaurateurs to prepare and sell healthy foods, as Canadians frequently eat meals at food services. The lunch trade restaurants under the jurisdiction of a rural and semi-rural Alberta health unit were surveyed by telephone. Two thirds of the restaurants were family-style and had 100 seats or fewer. Five of 20 healthy foods were rated as difficult to serve, due to: lack of customer demand; lack of food availability; and the need to maintain the quality of fresh vegetables, fruits and milk products. Many restaurateurs are willing to change internally by training staff (88%) and by trying new recipes (84%). Staff education materials perceived to be helpful by 80% of restaurateurs included video/audio tapes, information sheets and posters. Restaurateurs were most willing to use menu inserts (76%), table tents (68%) and door decals (72%) to promote healthy foods. Nutrition services should focus on how restaurants can make changes to include healthy foods through food preparation and menu items.

  8. A Brazilian educational experiment: teleradiology on web TV.

    PubMed

    Silva, Angélica Baptista; de Amorim, Annibal Coelho

    2009-01-01

    Since 2004, educational videoconferences have been held in Brazil for paediatric radiologists in training. The RUTE network has been used, a high-speed national research and education network. Twelve videoconferences were recorded by the Health Channel and transformed into TV programmes, both for conventional broadcast and for access via the Internet. Between October 2007 and December 2009 the Health Channel website registered 2378 hits. Our experience suggests that for successful recording of multipoint videoconferences, four areas are important: (1) a pre-planned script is required, for both physicians and film-makers; (2) particular care is necessary when editing the audiovisual material; (3) the audio and video equipment requires careful adjustment to preserve clinical discussions and the quality of radiology images; (4) to produce a product suitable for both TV sets and computer devices, the master tape needs to be encoded in low resolution digital video formats for Internet media (wmv and rm format for streaming, and compressed zip files for downloading) and MPEG format for DVDs.

  9. A qualitative study examining the perceived barriers and facilitators to medical healthcare services among women with a serious mental illness.

    PubMed

    Borba, Christina P C; DePadilla, Lara; McCarty, Frances A; von Esenwein, Silke A; Druss, Benjamin G; Sterk, Claire E

    2012-03-01

    This qualitative study investigates the barriers and facilitators to accessing and utilizing healthcare services among women with a serious mental illness (SMI). A purposive sample of 30 poor, urban, predominantly African-American women with a diagnosis of an SMI was recruited. Interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Data analysis was guided by a modified constant comparison approach. The findings highlight a variety of nonmedical factors that serve as both barriers and facilitators to accessing and utilizing medical healthcare services, such as a trusting relationship with a mental health provider and a women's social network. Nonmedical factors and personal circumstances seem to be important factors influencing pathways to healthcare services among women with an SMI. Efforts to better engage and retain women with an SMI into healthcare will need to better acknowledge and incorporate the larger social context of the women's lives. Copyright © 2012 Jacobs Institute of Women

  10. An Analysis of Conceptual Flow Patterns and Structures in the Physics Classroom

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Eshach, Haim

    2010-03-01

    The aim of the current research is to characterize the conceptual flow processes occurring in whole-class dialogic discussions with a high level of interanimation; in the present case, of a high-school class learning about image creation on plane mirrors. Using detailed chains of interaction and conceptual flow discourse maps-both developed for the purpose of this research-the classroom discourse, audio-taped and transcribed verbatim, was analyzed and three discussion structures were revealed: accumulation around budding foci concepts, zigzag between foci concepts, and concept tower. These structures as well as two additional factors, suggest the Two-Space Model of the whole class discussion proposed in the present article. The two additional factors are: (1) the teacher intervention; and (2) the conceptual barriers observed among the students, namely, materialistic thinking, and the tendency to attribute "unique characteristics" to optical devices. This model might help teachers to prepare and conduct efficient whole-class discussions which accord with the social constructivist perspective of learning.

  11. Robustness of a compact endfire personal audio system against scattering effects (L).

    PubMed

    Tu, Zhen; Lu, Jing; Qiu, Xiaojun

    2016-10-01

    Compact loudspeaker arrays have wide potential applications as portable personal audio systems that can project sound energy to specified regions. It is meaningful to investigate the scattering effects on the array performance since the scattering of the users' heads is inevitable in practice. A five-channel compact endfire array is established and the regularized acoustic contrast control method is evaluated for the scenarios of one moving listener and one listener fixed in the bright zone while another listener moves along the evaluation region. Both simulations and experiments verify that the scattering has limited influence on the directivity of the endfire array.

  12. Effect of In-Vehicle Audio Warning System on Driver’s Speed Control Performance in Transition Zones from Rural Areas to Urban Areas

    PubMed Central

    Yan, Xuedong; Wang, Jiali; Wu, Jiawei

    2016-01-01

    Speeding is a major contributing factor to traffic crashes and frequently happens in areas where there is a mutation in speed limits, such as the transition zones that connect urban areas from rural areas. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of an in-vehicle audio warning system and lit speed limit sign on preventing drivers’ speeding behavior in transition zones. A high-fidelity driving simulator was used to establish a roadway network with the transition zone. A total of 41 participants were recruited for this experiment, and the driving speed performance data were collected from the simulator. The experimental results display that the implementation of the audio warning system could significantly reduce drivers’ operating speed before they entered the urban area, while the lit speed limit sign had a minimal effect on improving the drivers’ speed control performance. Without consideration of different types of speed limit signs, it is found that male drivers generally had a higher operating speed both upstream and in the transition zones and have a larger maximum deceleration for speed reduction than female drivers. Moreover, the drivers who had medium-level driving experience had the higher operating speed and were more likely to have speeding behaviors in the transition zones than those who had low-level and high-level driving experience in the transition zones. PMID:27347990

  13. Intern Abstract for Spring 2016

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Gibson, William

    2016-01-01

    The Human Interface Branch - EV3 - is evaluating Organic lighting-emitting diodes (OLEDs) as an upgrade for current displays on future spacecraft. OLEDs have many advantages over current displays. Conventional displays require constant backlighting which draws a lot of power, but with OLEDs they generate light themselves. OLEDs are lighter, and weight is always a concern with space launches. OLEDs also grant greater viewing angles. OLEDs have been in the commercial market for almost ten years now. What is not known is how they will perform in a space-like environment; specifically deep space far away from the Earth's magnetosphere. In this environment, the OLEDs can be expected to experience vacuum and galactic radiation. The intern's responsibility has been to prepare the OLED for a battery of tests. Unfortunately, it will not be ready for testing at the end of the internship. That being said much progress has been made: a) Developed procedures to safely disassemble the tablet. b) Inventoried and identified critical electronic components. c) 3D printed a testing apparatus. d) Wrote software in Python that will test the OLED screen while being radiated. e) Built circuits to restart the tablet and the test pattern, and ensure it doesn't fall asleep during radiation testing. f) Built enclosure that will house all of the electronics Also, the intern has been working on a way to take messages from a simulated Caution and Warnings system, process said messages into packets, send audio packets to a multicast address that audio boxes are listening to, and output spoken audio. Currently, Cautions and Warnings use a tone to alert crew members of a situation, and then crew members have to read through their checklists to determine what the tone means. In urgent situations, EV3 wants to deliver concise and specific alerts to the crew to facilitate any mitigation efforts on their part. Significant progress was made on this project: a) Open channel with the simulated Caution and Warning system to acquire messages. b) Configure audio boxes. c) Grab pre-recorded audio files. d) Packetize the audio stream. A third project that was assigned to implement LED indicator modules for an Omnibus project. The Omnibus project is investigating better ways designing lighting for the interior of spacecraft-both spacecraft lighting and avionics box status lighting indication. The current scheme contains too much of the blue light spectrum that disrupts the sleep cycle. The LED indicator modules are to simulate the indicators running on a spacecraft. Lighting data will be gathered by human factors personal and use in a model underdevelopment to model spacecraft lighting. Significant progress was made on this project: Designed circuit layout a) Tested LEDs at LETF. b) Created GUI for the indicators. c) Created code for the Arduino to run that will illuminate the indicator modules.

  14. Continuous welding of unidirectional fiber reinforced thermoplastic tape material

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Schledjewski, Ralf

    2017-10-01

    Continuous welding techniques like thermoplastic tape placement with in situ consolidation offer several advantages over traditional manufacturing processes like autoclave consolidation, thermoforming, etc. However, still there is a need to solve several important processing issues before it becomes a viable economic process. Intensive process analysis and optimization has been carried out in the past through experimental investigation, model definition and simulation development. Today process simulation is capable to predict resulting consolidation quality. Effects of material imperfections or process parameter variations are well known. But using this knowledge to control the process based on online process monitoring and according adaption of the process parameters is still challenging. Solving inverse problems and using methods for automated code generation allowing fast implementation of algorithms on targets are required. The paper explains the placement technique in general. Process-material-property-relationships and typical material imperfections are described. Furthermore, online monitoring techniques and how to use them for a model based process control system are presented.

  15. Asteroid Composite Tape

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    1998-07-01

    This is a composite tape showing 10 short segments primarily about asteroids. The segments have short introductory slides, which include brief descriptions about the shots. The segments are: (1) Radar movie of asteroid 1620 Geographos; (2) Animation of the trajectories of Toutatis and Earth (3) Animation of a landing on Toutatis; (4) Simulated encounter of an asteroid with Earth, includes a simulated impact trajectory; (5) An animated overview of the Manrover vehicle; (6) The Near Earth Asteroid Tracking project, includes a photograph of USAF Station in Hawaii, and animation of Earth approaching 4179 Toutatis and the asteroid Gaspara; (7) live video of the anchor tests of the Champoleon anchoring apparatus; (8) a second live video of the Champoleon anchor tests showing anchoring spikes, and collision rings; (9) An animated segment with narration about the Stardust mission with sound, which describes the mission to fly close to a comet, and capture cometary material for return to Earth; (10) live video of the drop test of a Stardust replica from a hot air balloon; this includes sound but is not narrated.

  16. Normalized Temperature Contrast Processing in Infrared Flash Thermography

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Koshti, Ajay M.

    2016-01-01

    The paper presents further development in normalized contrast processing used in flash infrared thermography method. Method of computing normalized image or pixel intensity contrast, and normalized temperature contrast are provided. Methods of converting image contrast to temperature contrast and vice versa are provided. Normalized contrast processing in flash thermography is useful in quantitative analysis of flash thermography data including flaw characterization and comparison of experimental results with simulation. Computation of normalized temperature contrast involves use of flash thermography data acquisition set-up with high reflectivity foil and high emissivity tape such that the foil, tape and test object are imaged simultaneously. Methods of assessing other quantitative parameters such as emissivity of object, afterglow heat flux, reflection temperature change and surface temperature during flash thermography are also provided. Temperature imaging and normalized temperature contrast processing provide certain advantages over normalized image contrast processing by reducing effect of reflected energy in images and measurements, therefore providing better quantitative data. Examples of incorporating afterglow heat-flux and reflection temperature evolution in flash thermography simulation are also discussed.

  17. AC Application of HTS Conductors in Highly Dynamic Electric Motors

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Oswald, B.; Best, K.-J.; Setzer, M.; Duffner, E.; Soell, M.; Gawalek, W.; Kovalev, L. K.

    2006-06-01

    Based on recent investigations we design highly dynamic electric motors up to 400 kW and linear motors up to 120 kN linear force using HTS bulk material and HTS tapes. The introduction of HTS tapes into AC applications in electric motors needs fundamental studies on double pancake coils under transversal magnetic fields. First theoretical and experimental results on AC field distributions in double-pancake-coils and corresponding AC losses will be presented. Based on these results the simulation of the motor performance confirms extremely high power density and efficiency of both types of electric motors. Improved characteristics of rare earth permanent magnets used in our motors at low temperatures give an additional technological benefit.

  18. WISP information display system user's manual

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Alley, P. L.; Smith, G. R.

    1978-01-01

    The wind shears program (WISP) supports the collection of data on magnetic tape for permanent storage or analysis. The document structure provides: (1) the hardware and software configuration required to execute the WISP system and start up procedure from a power down condition; (2) data collection task, calculations performed on the incoming data, and a description of the magnetic tape format; (3) the data display task and examples of displays obtained from execution of the real time simulation program; and (4) the raw data dump task and examples of operator actions required to obtained the desired format. The procedures outlines herein will allow continuous data collection at the expense of real time visual displays.

  19. An Efficient Audio Watermarking Algorithm in Frequency Domain for Copyright Protection

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dhar, Pranab Kumar; Khan, Mohammad Ibrahim; Kim, Cheol-Hong; Kim, Jong-Myon

    Digital Watermarking plays an important role for copyright protection of multimedia data. This paper proposes a new watermarking system in frequency domain for copyright protection of digital audio. In our proposed watermarking system, the original audio is segmented into non-overlapping frames. Watermarks are then embedded into the selected prominent peaks in the magnitude spectrum of each frame. Watermarks are extracted by performing the inverse operation of watermark embedding process. Simulation results indicate that the proposed watermarking system is highly robust against various kinds of attacks such as noise addition, cropping, re-sampling, re-quantization, MP3 compression, and low-pass filtering. Our proposed watermarking system outperforms Cox's method in terms of imperceptibility, while keeping comparable robustness with the Cox's method. Our proposed system achieves SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) values ranging from 20 dB to 28 dB, in contrast to Cox's method which achieves SNR values ranging from only 14 dB to 23 dB.

  20. Discrete Event Simulation of Distributed Team Communication

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-03-22

    performs, and auditory information that is provided through multiple audio devices with speech response. This paper extends previous discrete event workload...2008, pg. 1) notes that “Architecture modeling furnishes abstrac- tions for use in managing complexities, allowing engineers to visualise the proposed

  1. Low cost training aids and devices

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lawver, J.; Lee, A.

    1984-01-01

    The need for advanced flight simulators for two engine aircraft is discussed. Cost effectiveness is a major requirement. Other training aids available for increased effectiveness are recommended. Training aids include: (1) audio-visual slides; (2) information transfer; (3) programmed instruction; and (4) interactive training systems.

  2. Optical Disk Technology.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Abbott, George L.; And Others

    1987-01-01

    This special feature focuses on recent developments in optical disk technology. Nine articles discuss current trends, large scale image processing, data structures for optical disks, the use of computer simulators to create optical disks, videodisk use in training, interactive audio video systems, impacts on federal information policy, and…

  3. The Effects of 'Face' on Listening Comprehension: Evidence from Advanced Jordanian Speakers of English.

    PubMed

    Hamdan, Jihad M; Al-Hawamdeh, Rose Fowler

    2018-04-10

    This empirical study examines the extent to which 'face', i.e. (audio visual dialogues), affects the listening comprehension of advanced Jordanian EFL learners in a TOFEL-like test, as opposed to its absence (i.e. a purely audio test) which is the current norm in many English language proficiency tests, including but not limited to TOFEL iBT, TOEIC and academic IELTS. Through an online experiment, 60 Jordanian postgraduate linguistics and English literature students (advanced EFL learners) at the University of Jordan sit for two listening tests (simulating English proficiency tests); namely, one which is purely audio [i.e. without any face (including any visuals such as motion, as well as still pictures)], and one which is audiovisual/video. The results clearly show that the inclusion of visuals enhances subjects' performance in listening tests. It is concluded that since the aim of English proficiency tests such as TOEFL iBT is to qualify or disqualify subjects to work and study in western English-speaking countries, the exclusion of visuals is unfounded. In actuality, most natural interaction includes visibility of the interlocutors involved, and hence test takers who sit purely audio proficiency tests in English or any other language are placed at a disadvantage.

  4. A fuzzy logic controller for hormone administration using an implantable pump

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Coles, L. Stephen; Wells, George H., Jr.

    1994-01-01

    This paper describes the requirements for a Fuzzy Logic Controller for the physiologic administration of hormones by means of a FDA-approved surgically implantable infusion pump. Results of a LabVIEW computer simulation for the administration of insulin for diabetic adult patients as well as human growth hormone for pediatric patients are presented. A VHS video tape of the simulation in action has been prepared and is available for viewing.

  5. Summary of Research 1998, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1999-08-01

    Channel Interference," Master’s Thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, December 1998. Erdogan , V, "Time Domain Simulation of MPSK Communications System...1998, several new user interface screens have been designed. Software for reading data from analog tape has been completed and interfaced to the

  6. Temperature- and field-dependent characterization of a conductor on round core cable

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Barth, C.; van der Laan, D. C.; Bagrets, N.; Bayer, C. M.; Weiss, K.-P.; Lange, C.

    2015-06-01

    The conductor on round core (CORC) cable is one of the major high temperature superconductor cable concepts combining scalability, flexibility, mechanical strength, ease of fabrication and high current density; making it a possible candidate as conductor for large, high field magnets. To simulate the boundary conditions of such magnets as well as the temperature dependence of CORC cables a 1.16 m long sample consisting of 15, 4 mm wide SuperPower REBCO tapes was characterized using the ‘FBI’ (force—field—current) superconductor test facility of the Institute for Technical Physics of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. In a five step investigation, the CORC cable’s performance was determined at different transverse mechanical loads, magnetic background fields and temperatures as well as its response to swift current changes. In the first step, the sample’s 77 K, self-field current was measured in a liquid nitrogen bath. In the second step, the temperature dependence was measured at self-field condition and compared with extrapolated single tape data. In the third step, the magnetic background field was repeatedly cycled while measuring the current carrying capabilities to determine the impact of transverse Lorentz forces on the CORC cable sample’s performance. In the fourth step, the sample’s current carrying capabilities were measured at different background fields (2-12 T) and surface temperatures (4.2-51.5 K). Through finite element method simulations, the surface temperatures are converted into average sample temperatures and the gained field- and temperature dependence is compared with extrapolated single tape data. In the fifth step, the response of the CORC cable sample to rapid current changes (8.3 kA s-1) was observed with a fast data acquisition system. During these tests, the sample performance remains constant, no degradation is observed. The sample’s measured current carrying capabilities correlate to those of single tapes assuming field- and temperature dependence as published by the manufacturer.

  7. ADFStealthViewer User Manual

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-05-01

    environmental objects are used to immerse the user in a 3D visualisation of the simulated war game. ADFStealthViewer has several ADF produced 3D models...OpenGL, audio , and networking devices. Some advanced functionality of the engine relies on modern graphics pixel and vertex shaders. These advanced

  8. Technique for recovery of voice data from heat damaged magnetic tape

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Melugin, J. F.; Obrien, D. E., III (Inventor)

    1974-01-01

    A method for conditioning, and thus enabling retrieval of intelligence from, magnetic tapes after damage from heat has caused the tape to wrinkle and curl severely thereby reducing tape width to less than one-half its original size. The damaged tape is superposed on a first piece of splicing tape with the oxide side of the magnetic tape in contact with the adhesive side of the splicing tape and then carefully smoothed by a special tool. A second piece of splicing tape is placed on the backing side of the magnetic tape then the resulting tape stack is trimmed to the original width of the magnetic tape. After the first piece of splicing tape is carefully removed from the oxide side of the damaged magnetic tape, the resulting magnetic tape is then ready to be placed into a recorder for playback.

  9. Digital signal processing techniques for pitch shifting and time scaling of audio signals

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Buś, Szymon; Jedrzejewski, Konrad

    2016-09-01

    In this paper, we present the techniques used for modifying the spectral content (pitch shifting) and for changing the time duration (time scaling) of an audio signal. A short introduction gives a necessary background for understanding the discussed issues and contains explanations of the terms used in the paper. In subsequent sections we present three different techniques appropriate both for pitch shifting and for time scaling. These techniques use three different time-frequency representations of a signal, namely short-time Fourier transform (STFT), continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and constant-Q transform (CQT). The results of simulation studies devoted to comparison of the properties of these methods are presented and discussed in the paper.

  10. Analysis of simulated angiographic procedures. Part 2: extracting efficiency data from audio and video recordings.

    PubMed

    Duncan, James R; Kline, Benjamin; Glaiberman, Craig B

    2007-04-01

    To create and test methods of extracting efficiency data from recordings of simulated renal stent procedures. Task analysis was performed and used to design a standardized testing protocol. Five experienced angiographers then performed 16 renal stent simulations using the Simbionix AngioMentor angiographic simulator. Audio and video recordings of these simulations were captured from multiple vantage points. The recordings were synchronized and compiled. A series of efficiency metrics (procedure time, contrast volume, and tool use) were then extracted from the recordings. The intraobserver and interobserver variability of these individual metrics was also assessed. The metrics were converted to costs and aggregated to determine the fixed and variable costs of a procedure segment or the entire procedure. Task analysis and pilot testing led to a standardized testing protocol suitable for performance assessment. Task analysis also identified seven checkpoints that divided the renal stent simulations into six segments. Efficiency metrics for these different segments were extracted from the recordings and showed excellent intra- and interobserver correlations. Analysis of the individual and aggregated efficiency metrics demonstrated large differences between segments as well as between different angiographers. These differences persisted when efficiency was expressed as either total or variable costs. Task analysis facilitated both protocol development and data analysis. Efficiency metrics were readily extracted from recordings of simulated procedures. Aggregating the metrics and dividing the procedure into segments revealed potential insights that could be easily overlooked because the simulator currently does not attempt to aggregate the metrics and only provides data derived from the entire procedure. The data indicate that analysis of simulated angiographic procedures will be a powerful method of assessing performance in interventional radiology.

  11. Perceptions of Therapist Self-Disclosure: An Analogue Study.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Nilsson, David E.; And Others

    Self-disclosure to a therapist was investigated with 120 female subjects who viewed a video-taped vignette of a simulated psychotherapy session. Therapist self-disclosure was manipulated so that subjects saw a therapist exhibiting no disclosure, interpersonal disclosure, or intrapersonal disclosure. Subjects rated these therapists on a variety of…

  12. Test results of a 20 kA high temperature superconductor current lead using REBCO tapes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Heller, R.; Fietz, W. H.; Gröner, F.; Heiduk, M.; Hollik, M.; Lange, C.; Lietzow, R.

    2018-05-01

    The Karlsruhe Institute of Technology has developed a 20 kA high temperature superconductor (HTS) current lead (CL) using the second generation material REBCO, as industry worldwide concentrate on the production of this material. The aim was to demonstrate the possibility of replacing the Bi-2223/AgAu tapes by REBCO tapes, while for easy comparison of results, all other components are copies of the 20 kA HTS CL manufactured for the satellite tokamak JT-60SA. After the manufacture of all CL components including the newly developed REBCO module, the assembly of the CL has been executed at KIT and an experiment has been carried out in the CuLTKa test facility where the REBCO CL was installed and connected to a JT-60SA CL via a superconducting bus bar. The experiment covers steady state operation up to 20 kA, pulsed operation, measurement of the heat load at 4.5 K end, loss-of-flow-accident simulations, and quench performance studies. Here the results of these tests are reported and directly compared to those of the JT-60SA CL.

  13. Strategy for robot motion and path planning in robot taping

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yuan, Qilong; Chen, I.-Ming; Lembono, Teguh Santoso; Landén, Simon Nelson; Malmgren, Victor

    2016-06-01

    Covering objects with masking tapes is a common process for surface protection in processes like spray painting, plasma spraying, shot peening, etc. Manual taping is tedious and takes a lot of effort of the workers. The taping process is a special process which requires correct surface covering strategy and proper attachment of the masking tape for an efficient surface protection. We have introduced an automatic robot taping system consisting of a robot manipulator, a rotating platform, a 3D scanner and specially designed taping end-effectors. This paper mainly talks about the surface covering strategies for different classes of geometries. The methods and corresponding taping tools are introduced for taping of following classes of surfaces: Cylindrical/extended surfaces, freeform surfaces with no grooves, surfaces with grooves, and rotational symmetrical surfaces. A collision avoidance algorithm is introduced for the robot taping manipulation. With further improvements on segmenting surfaces of taping parts and tape cutting mechanisms, such taping solution with the taping tool and the taping methodology can be combined as a very useful and practical taping package to assist humans in this tedious and time costly work.

  14. Design of a Combined Ballistic Simulator and Primer Force Experimental Fixture

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-08-01

    preload bolt and breech, and between the breech and chamber, were found to be too loose. When heavy grease or Teflon tape was used to tighten the...increase the difficulty of removing and tightening the breech. The preload bolt does not have to be removed between firing and in future designs could use... tightened it could loosen the primer plate, so left-handed threads were machined on the primer plate. The ballistic simulator fixture was occasionally

  15. Systematic Review of the Effect of Taping Techniques on Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.

    PubMed

    Logan, Catherine A; Bhashyam, Abhiram R; Tisosky, Ashley J; Haber, Daniel B; Jorgensen, Anna; Roy, Adam; Provencher, Matthew T

    Taping is commonly used in the management of several musculoskeletal conditions, including patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Specific guidelines for taping are unknown. To investigate the efficacy of knee taping in the management of PFPS. Our hypothesis was that tension taping and exercise would be superior to placebo taping and exercise as well as to exercise or taping alone. The PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Source, and CINAHL databases were reviewed for English-language randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of various taping techniques that were published between 1995 and April 2015. Keywords utilized included taping, McConnell, kinesio-taping, kinesiotaping, patellofemoral pain, and knee. Studies included consisted of RCTs (level 1 or 2) with participants of all ages who had anterior knee or patellofemoral pain symptoms and had received nonsurgical management using any taping technique. Systematic review. Level 2. A checklist method was used to determine selection, performance, detection, and attrition bias for each article. A quality of evidence grading was then referenced using the validated PEDro database for RCTs. Three difference comparison groups were compared: tension taping and exercise versus placebo taping and exercise (group 1), placebo taping and exercise versus exercise alone (group 2), and tension taping and exercise versus taping alone (group 3). Five RCTs with 235 total patients with multiple intervention arms were included. Taping strategies included McConnell and Kinesiotaping. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores indicated improvement in all 3 comparison groups (group 1: 91 patients, 39% of total, mean VAS improvement 44.9 [tension taping + exercise] vs 66 [placebo taping + exercise]; group 2: 56 patients, 24% of total, mean VAS improvement 66 [placebo taping + exercise] vs 47.6 [exercise alone]; and group 3: 112 patients, 48% of total, mean VAS improvement 44.9 [tension taping + exercise] vs 14.1 [taping alone]). This systematic review supports knee taping only as an adjunct to traditional exercise therapy for PFPS; however, it does not support taping in isolation.

  16. Simulation of a data archival and distribution system at GSFC

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bedet, Jean-Jacques; Bodden, Lee; Dwyer, AL; Hariharan, P. C.; Berbert, John; Kobler, Ben; Pease, Phil

    1993-01-01

    A version-0 of a Data Archive and Distribution System (DADS) is being developed at GSFC to support existing and pre-EOS Earth science datasets and test Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) concepts. The performance of DADS is predicted using a discrete event simulation model. The goals of the simulation were to estimate the amount of disk space needed and the time required to fulfill the DADS requirements for ingestion (14 GB/day) and distribution (48 GB/day). The model has demonstrated that 4 mm and 8 mm stackers can play a critical role in improving the performance of the DADS, since it takes, on average, 3 minutes to manually mount/dismount tapes compared to less than a minute with stackers. With two 4 mm stackers and two 8 mm stackers, and a single operator per shift, the DADS requirements can be met within 16 hours using a total of 9 GB of disk space. When the DADS has no stacker, and the DADS depends entirely on operators to handle the distribution tapes, the simulation has shown that the DADS requirements can still be met within 16 hours, but a minimum of 4 operators per shift were required. The compression/decompression of data sets is very CPU intensive, and relatively slow when performed in software, thereby contributing to an increase in the amount of disk space needed.

  17. Doctoral Research in Library Media; Completed and Underway 1970.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Anderton, Ray L., Ed.; Mapes, Joseph L., Ed.

    Doctoral theses completed and doctoral theses underway in the subject area of instructional technology are listed in this bibliography under the subtitles of audio literacy, audiovisual techniques, computers in education, library media, media training, programed instruction, projected materials, simulation and games, systems approach, television,…

  18. A little elastic for a better performance: kinesiotaping of the motor effector modulates neural mechanisms for rhythmic movements

    PubMed Central

    Bravi, Riccardo; Quarta, Eros; Cohen, Erez J.; Gottard, Anna; Minciacchi, Diego

    2014-01-01

    A rhythmic motor performance is brought about by an integration of timing information with movements. Investigations on the millisecond time scale distinguish two forms of time control, event-based timing and emergent timing. While event-based timing asserts the existence of a central internal timekeeper for the control of repetitive movements, the emergent timing perspective claims that timing emerges from dynamic control of nontemporal movements parameters. We have recently demonstrated that the precision of an isochronous performance, defined as performance of repeated movements having a uniform duration, was insensible to auditory stimuli of various characteristics (Bravi et al., 2014). Such finding has led us to investigate whether the application of an elastic therapeutic tape (Kinesio® Tex taping; KTT) used for treating athletic injuries and a variety of physical disorders, is able to reduce the timing variability of repetitive rhythmic movement. Young healthy subjects, tested with and without KTT, have participated in sessions in which sets of repeated isochronous wrist's flexion-extensions (IWFEs) were performed under various auditory conditions and during their recall. Kinematics was recorded and temporal parameters were extracted and analyzed. Our results show that the application of KTT decreases the variability of rhythmic movements by a 2-fold effect: on the one hand KTT provides extra proprioceptive information activating cutaneous mechanoreceptors, on the other KTT biases toward the emergent timing thus modulating the processes for rhythmic movements. Therefore, KTT appears able to render movements less audio dependent by relieving, at least partially, the central structures from time control and making available more resources for an augmented performance. PMID:25309355

  19. 'I wouldn't want it on my CV or their records': medical students' experiences of help-seeking for mental health problems.

    PubMed

    Chew-Graham, Carolyn A; Rogers, Anne; Yassin, Nuha

    2003-10-01

    Medical education is reported to be demanding and stressful and previous work with doctors suggests that there is a resistance within the profession to help-seeking and an ad hoc approach to dealing with stress and distress. To explore the attitudes of medical students at the University of Manchester, UK to the causes of stress and to examine their views on help-seeking. A qualitative study using semistructured interviews, with analysis of the data using the technique of constant comparison. Medical students at the University of Manchester were invited to participate in the study. Sampling made the research representative of medical students in terms of gender, ethnicity and UK/overseas students. Semistructured interviews, with open questions, were conducted and audio-taped with consent. The tapes were transcribed verbatim. The schedule was revised in the light of the emerging themes. Medical students recognised that studying medicine contributes to stress, as experienced in their undergraduate careers. Students reported that perceptions of stigma associated with mental illness, including stress, were prevalent in the student body and were perceived to continue throughout the medical profession. Avoidance of appropriate help-seeking behaviour starts early and is linked to perceived norms which dictate that experiencing a mental health problem may be viewed as a form of weakness and has implications for subsequent successful career progression. The preparation of medical students for life as doctors involves more than facilitation of the acquisition of knowledge and skills, so that new doctors can conform to the principals of professional conduct. Support and mentoring are required so that stress can be identified early and dealt with appropriately.

  20. Determination of prospective displacement-based gate threshold for respiratory-gated radiation delivery from retrospective phase-based gate threshold selected at 4D CT simulation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Vedam, S.; Archambault, L.; Starkschall, G.

    2007-11-15

    Four-dimensional (4D) computed tomography (CT) imaging has found increasing importance in the localization of tumor and surrounding normal structures throughout the respiratory cycle. Based on such tumor motion information, it is possible to identify the appropriate phase interval for respiratory gated treatment planning and delivery. Such a gating phase interval is determined retrospectively based on tumor motion from internal tumor displacement. However, respiratory-gated treatment is delivered prospectively based on motion determined predominantly from an external monitor. Therefore, the simulation gate threshold determined from the retrospective phase interval selected for gating at 4D CT simulation may not correspond to the deliverymore » gate threshold that is determined from the prospective external monitor displacement at treatment delivery. The purpose of the present work is to establish a relationship between the thresholds for respiratory gating determined at CT simulation and treatment delivery, respectively. One hundred fifty external respiratory motion traces, from 90 patients, with and without audio-visual biofeedback, are analyzed. Two respiratory phase intervals, 40%-60% and 30%-70%, are chosen for respiratory gating from the 4D CT-derived tumor motion trajectory. From residual tumor displacements within each such gating phase interval, a simulation gate threshold is defined based on (a) the average and (b) the maximum respiratory displacement within the phase interval. The duty cycle for prospective gated delivery is estimated from the proportion of external monitor displacement data points within both the selected phase interval and the simulation gate threshold. The delivery gate threshold is then determined iteratively to match the above determined duty cycle. The magnitude of the difference between such gate thresholds determined at simulation and treatment delivery is quantified in each case. Phantom motion tests yielded coincidence of simulation and delivery gate thresholds to within 0.3%. For patient data analysis, differences between simulation and delivery gate thresholds are reported as a fraction of the total respiratory motion range. For the smaller phase interval, the differences between simulation and delivery gate thresholds are 8{+-}11% and 14{+-}21% with and without audio-visual biofeedback, respectively, when the simulation gate threshold is determined based on the mean respiratory displacement within the 40%-60% gating phase interval. For the longer phase interval, corresponding differences are 4{+-}7% and 8{+-}15% with and without audio-visual biofeedback, respectively. Alternatively, when the simulation gate threshold is determined based on the maximum average respiratory displacement within the gating phase interval, greater differences between simulation and delivery gate thresholds are observed. A relationship between retrospective simulation gate threshold and prospective delivery gate threshold for respiratory gating is established and validated for regular and nonregular respiratory motion. Using this relationship, the delivery gate threshold can be reliably estimated at the time of 4D CT simulation, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of respiratory-gated radiation delivery.« less

  1. Automated Tape Laying Machine for Composite Structures.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    The invention comprises an automated tape laying machine, for laying tape on a composite structure. The tape laying machine has a tape laying head...neatly cut. The automated tape laying device utilizes narrow width tape to increase machine flexibility and reduce wastage.

  2. 41 CFR 101-26.508 - Electronic data processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band). 101-26.508 Section 101-26.508... Programs § 101-26.508 Electronic data processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band). Procurement by Federal agencies of EDP tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band...

  3. 41 CFR 101-26.508 - Electronic data processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band). 101-26.508 Section 101-26.508... Programs § 101-26.508 Electronic data processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band). Procurement by Federal agencies of EDP tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band...

  4. 41 CFR 101-26.508 - Electronic data processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band). 101-26.508 Section 101-26.508... Programs § 101-26.508 Electronic data processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band). Procurement by Federal agencies of EDP tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band...

  5. 41 CFR 101-26.508 - Electronic data processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band). 101-26.508 Section 101-26.508... Programs § 101-26.508 Electronic data processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band). Procurement by Federal agencies of EDP tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band...

  6. 41 CFR 101-26.508 - Electronic data processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band). 101-26.508 Section 101-26.508... Programs § 101-26.508 Electronic data processing (EDP) tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band). Procurement by Federal agencies of EDP tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band...

  7. Using Simulation to Analyze Acoustic Environments

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wood, Eric J.

    2016-01-01

    One of the main projects that was worked on this semester was creating an acoustic model for the Advanced Space Suit in Comsol Multiphysics. The geometry tools built into the software were used to create an accurate model of the helmet and upper torso of the suit. After running the simulation, plots of the sound pressure level within the suit were produced, as seen below in Figure 1. These plots show significant nulls which should be avoided when placing microphones inside the suit. In the future, this model can be easily adapted to changes in the suit design to determine optimal microphone placements and other acoustic properties. Another major project was creating an acoustic diverter that will potentially be used to route audio into the Space Station's Node 1. The concept of the project was to create geometry to divert sound from a neighboring module, the US Lab, into Node 1. By doing this, no new audio equipment would need to be installed in Node 1. After creating an initial design for the diverter, analysis was performed in Comsol in order to determine how changes in geometry would affect acoustic performance, as shown in Figure 2. These results were used to produce a physical prototype diverter on a 3D printer. With the physical prototype, testing was conducted in an anechoic chamber to determine the true effectiveness of the design, as seen in Figure 3. The results from this testing have been compared to the Comsol simulation results to analyze how closely the Comsol results are to real-world performance. While the Comsol results do not seem to closely resemble the real world performance, this testing has provided valuable insight into how much trust can be placed in the results of Comsol simulations. A final project that was worked on during this tour was the Audio Interface Unit (AIU) design for the Orion program. The AIU is a small device that will be used for as an audio communication device both during launch and on-orbit. The unit will have functions including push-to-talk buttons and volume control. With this project, an existing design was modified based on prior feedback that had been received. With the modified design, I created a 3D printed prototype, shown in Figure 4, which was then used in suited evaluations performed by crew members. The feedback received from those evaluations will be utilized to help create the best possible Orion AIU. As a whole, a number of different interesting engineering projects were worked on over the course of this semester. For many of these projects, acoustic simulations provided valuable insight into how different environments would respond to sound. While work is still underway to verify the results of these simulations, the results are fascinating because of the interesting ways that sound waves interact with the environment. Going forward, it will be interesting to see how closely these results can be matched by real-world test data.

  8. Multiplication: the use of 8 mm. film in community development.

    PubMed

    Spurr, N

    1966-01-01

    Essentially, the motion picture is a means of communication. Over the last few years, there has been a great expansion in the use of audio-visual material in teaching and a growing market for audio-visual material. In the use of motion pictures the acceptance of 8 millimeter film as a valid communication medium has revolutionalized thinking regarding the motion picture film. No longer is sound film the only kind of respectable film. The single concept film -- or silent loop film -- has shown the value of the moving picture. There are many subjects which can appeal to a wide audience and so benefit from lowered costs resulting from mass multiplication. If this was not the case, the use of motion picture film in education could never have got off the ground. Preparation for use is the real key to the most successful use of film. Personal experience suggests that village audiences in developing countries may need to be shown a film more than once in order to enable them to derive full benefit from it. There must be time given to discuss its content and implications. If motion picture film is to be made the basis of discussion, there must be some limitation to the audience size. 8 millimeter film has this advantage in that there is a limit to the size of picture which can be usefully projected. Present day 8 millimeter equipment can record and play back magnetic sound. This is of great value to the community development worker. The community development worker is faced with problems not found within the framework of formal education, and making a film, a tape recording, or taking photographs of a community to show to itself may prove a powerful catalyst to community action.

  9. The fourth shift: exploring the gendered nature of sleep disruption among couples with children.

    PubMed

    Venn, Susan; Arber, Sara; Meadows, Robert; Hislop, Jenny

    2008-03-01

    The study of sleep has been neglected within sociology, yet may provide insights into fundamental aspects of the nature of gender inequalities. This article examines how, for couples with children, sleep is influenced by the gendered nature of caring. A key concern is not only who gets up to care for children's physical needs at night, but whether this changes with women's increased role in the labour market. Of concern also is how changes in the nature of caring for older children, as opposed to young children, may impact on parents' sleep. This article analyses qualitative data from an ESRC funded multi-disciplinary project on couples' sleep based on in-depth audio-tape recorded interviews with 26 couples (aged 20-59) with younger and older children. Additionally, one week's audio sleep diaries were completed and follow up in-depth interviews were undertaken with each partner on an individual basis. Physical and emotional care for young children at night was largely provided by women, with a lack of explicit negotiation between partners about who provides this care, even when women return to employment. Thus, considerably more women than men continued their daytime and evening shifts, as well as undertaking an ongoing third shift of sentient activity for their family, into the night. This resulted in a fourth night-time shift where physical caring, and sentient activities continued. As a consequence, women were more likely to subjugate their own sleep needs to those of their family. Fathers did not, in general, undertake this fourth night-time shift. Those that did were more likely to be the fathers of young adult children who were staying out late at night, with the focus of their concerns being the safety of their children.

  10. EFFECT OF ATHLETIC TAPING AND KINESIOTAPING® ON MEASUREMENTS OF FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE IN BASKETBALL PLAYERS WITH CHRONIC INVERSION ANKLE SPRAINS

    PubMed Central

    Karatas, Nihan; Baltaci, Gul

    2012-01-01

    Background: Chronic inversion ankle sprains are common in basketball players. The effect of taping on functional performance is disputed in the literature. Kinesiotaping® (KT®) is a new method that is being used as both a therapeutic and performance enhancement tool. To date, it appears that no study has investigated the effect of ankle KT® on functional performance. Purpose: To investigate the effects of different types of taping (KT® using Kinesio Tex®, athletic taping) on functional performance in athletes with chronic inversion sprains of the ankle. Study Design: Crossover Study Design Methods: Fifteen male basketball players with chronic inversion ankle sprains between the ages of 18 and 22 participated in this study. Functional performance tests (Hopping test by Amanda et al, Single Limb Hurdle Test, Standing Heel Rise test, Vertical Jump Test, The Star Excursion Balance Test [SEBT] and Kinesthetic Ability Trainer [KAT] Test) were used to quantify agility, endurance, balance, and coordination. These tests were conducted four times at one week intervals using varied conditions: placebo tape, without tape, standard athletic tape, and KT®. One-way ANOVA tests were used to examine difference in measurements between conditions. Bonferroni correction was applied to correct for repeated testing. Results: There were no significant differences among the results obtained using the four conditions for SEBT (anterior p=0.0699; anteromedial p=0.126; medial p=0.550; posteromedial p=0.587; posterior p=0.754; posterolateral p=0.907; lateral p=0.124; anterolateral p=0.963) and the KAT dynamic measurement (p=0.388). Faster performance times were measured with KT® and athletic tape in single limb hurdle test when compared to placebo and non-taped conditions (Athletic taping- placebo taping: p=0.03; athletic taping- non tape p=0.016;KT®- Placebo taping p=0.042; KT®-Non tape p=0.016). In standing heel rise test and vertical jump test, athletic taping led to decreased performance. (Standing heel rise test: Athletic taping- placebo taping p=0.035; athletic taping- non tape p=0.043; athletic tape- KT® p<0.001) (Vertical jump test: Athletic taping- placebo taping p=0.002: athletic taping- non tape p=0.002; KT®- athletic tape p<0.001) Conclusion: Kinesiotaping® had no negative effects on a battery of functional performance tests and improvements were seen in some functional performance tests. Clinical Relevance: Ankle taping using Kinesio Tex® Tape did not inhibit functional performance. PMID:22530190

  11. Effect of athletic taping and kinesiotaping® on measurements of functional performance in basketball players with chronic inversion ankle sprains.

    PubMed

    Bicici, Seda; Karatas, Nihan; Baltaci, Gul

    2012-04-01

    Chronic inversion ankle sprains are common in basketball players. The effect of taping on functional performance is disputed in the literature. Kinesiotaping® (KT®) is a new method that is being used as both a therapeutic and performance enhancement tool. To date, it appears that no study has investigated the effect of ankle KT® on functional performance. To investigate the effects of different types of taping (KT® using Kinesio Tex®, athletic taping) on functional performance in athletes with chronic inversion sprains of the ankle. Crossover Study Design Fifteen male basketball players with chronic inversion ankle sprains between the ages of 18 and 22 participated in this study. Functional performance tests (Hopping test by Amanda et al, Single Limb Hurdle Test, Standing Heel Rise test, Vertical Jump Test, The Star Excursion Balance Test [SEBT] and Kinesthetic Ability Trainer [KAT] Test) were used to quantify agility, endurance, balance, and coordination. These tests were conducted four times at one week intervals using varied conditions: placebo tape, without tape, standard athletic tape, and KT®. One-way ANOVA tests were used to examine difference in measurements between conditions. Bonferroni correction was applied to correct for repeated testing. There were no significant differences among the results obtained using the four conditions for SEBT (anterior p=0.0699; anteromedial p=0.126; medial p=0.550; posteromedial p=0.587; posterior p=0.754; posterolateral p=0.907; lateral p=0.124; anterolateral p=0.963) and the KAT dynamic measurement (p=0.388). Faster performance times were measured with KT® and athletic tape in single limb hurdle test when compared to placebo and non-taped conditions (Athletic taping- placebo taping: p=0.03; athletic taping- non tape p=0.016;KT®- Placebo taping p=0.042; KT®-Non tape p=0.016). In standing heel rise test and vertical jump test, athletic taping led to decreased performance. (Standing heel rise test: Athletic taping- placebo taping p=0.035; athletic taping- non tape p=0.043; athletic tape- KT® p<0.001) (Vertical jump test: Athletic taping- placebo taping p=0.002: athletic taping- non tape p=0.002; KT®- athletic tape p<0.001) Kinesiotaping® had no negative effects on a battery of functional performance tests and improvements were seen in some functional performance tests. Ankle taping using Kinesio Tex® Tape did not inhibit functional performance.

  12. USE OF NEW AUDIO-VISUAL TECHNIQUES TO TEACH MENTALLY-RETARDED CHILDREN.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    ROSS, DOROTHEA M.

    DEPENDENCY LEARNING, THE ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONAL INTERRELATIONSHIP VALUES, WAS STUDIED AS A TECHNIQUE FOR FOSTERING AUDIOVISUAL ACADEMIC LEARNING AMONG 54 YOUNG, EDUCABLE MENTAL RETARDATES. SOME OF THESE SUBJECTS WERE TAUGHT TO VALUE SIMULATED DEPENDENCY MODELS. THESE MODELS WERE CONSISTENTLY PAIRED WITH SUCH REWARDING STIMULI AS…

  13. Evaluation of a new silicone adhesive tape among clinicians caring for patients with fragile or at-risk skin.

    PubMed

    Manriquez, Sonia; Loperfido, Bonnie; Smith, Graham

    2014-04-01

    To evaluate performance of a new silicone tape among clinicians caring for patients with fragile skin. An international, multisite, 2-week-use evaluation. Caregivers (n = 217) from acute care hospitals in the United States, United Kingdom, and France who regularly use tapes on patients with fragile skin. The silicone tape was substituted for current-use gentle tapes for a 2-week trial period. Preuse and postuse questionnaires were collected. The main outcome measure was tape preference. Secondary outcomes included (1) satisfaction with current-use tapes, (2) willingness to replace current-use tapes with silicone tape, (3) performance comparisons between tapes, (4) clinician-reported problems with the silicone tape, and (5) case study information. The sample group consisted of nurses (98.1%), assistants (1.4%), and physicians (0.5%). Hospital units (n = 100) included oncology (31%), medical-surgical (14%), dialysis (12%), infusion/intravenous therapy (16%), critical care (10%), wound care (10%), and other units (7%). Overall preference was 92.0% for the silicone tape, 7.5% for current-use tapes, and 0.5% no preference. Dissatisfaction was 61.2% for current-use tapes, and most clinicians (90.2%) would change to the silicone tape. Evaluators favored (≥71.5%) the silicone tape on 10 performance attributes and on overall performance (91.6%). Most evaluators (75.1%) did not experience problems with the silicone tape, and those who did found problems related to adhesion (77.8%), gentleness (16.0%), and residue (6.2%). These results indicate that the silicone tape fills a performance-expectation gap of current acrylic tapes among users of tapes on patients with fragile or at-risk skin.

  14. Rocket Engine Numerical Simulator (RENS)

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Davidian, Kenneth O.

    1997-01-01

    Work is being done at three universities to help today's NASA engineers use the knowledge and experience of their Apolloera predecessors in designing liquid rocket engines. Ground-breaking work is being done in important subject areas to create a prototype of the most important functions for the Rocket Engine Numerical Simulator (RENS). The goal of RENS is to develop an interactive, realtime application that engineers can utilize for comprehensive preliminary propulsion system design functions. RENS will employ computer science and artificial intelligence research in knowledge acquisition, computer code parallelization and objectification, expert system architecture design, and object-oriented programming. In 1995, a 3year grant from the NASA Lewis Research Center was awarded to Dr. Douglas Moreman and Dr. John Dyer of Southern University at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to begin acquiring knowledge in liquid rocket propulsion systems. Resources of the University of West Florida in Pensacola were enlisted to begin the process of enlisting knowledge from senior NASA engineers who are recognized experts in liquid rocket engine propulsion systems. Dr. John Coffey of the University of West Florida is utilizing his expertise in interviewing and concept mapping techniques to encode, classify, and integrate information obtained through personal interviews. The expertise extracted from the NASA engineers has been put into concept maps with supporting textual, audio, graphic, and video material. A fundamental concept map was delivered by the end of the first year of work and the development of maps containing increasing amounts of information is continuing. Find out more information about this work at the Southern University/University of West Florida. In 1996, the Southern University/University of West Florida team conducted a 4day group interview with a panel of five experts to discuss failures of the RL10 rocket engine in conjunction with the Centaur launch vehicle. The discussion was recorded on video and audio tape. Transcriptions of the entire proceedings and an abbreviated video presentation of the discussion highlights are under development. Also in 1996, two additional 3year grants were awarded to conduct parallel efforts that would complement the work being done by Southern University and the University of West Florida. Dr. Prem Bhalla of Jackson State University in Jackson, Mississippi, is developing the architectural framework for RENS. By employing the Rose Rational language and Booch Object Oriented Programming (OOP) technology, Dr. Bhalla is developing the basic structure of RENS by identifying and encoding propulsion system components, their individual characteristics, and cross-functionality and dependencies. Dr. Ruknet Cezzar of Hampton University, located in Hampton, Virginia, began working on the parallelization and objectification of rocket engine analysis and design codes. Dr. Cezzar will use the Turbo C++ OOP language to translate important liquid rocket engine computer codes from FORTRAN and permit their inclusion into the RENS framework being developed at Jackson State University. The Southern University/University of West Florida grant was extended by 1 year to coordinate the conclusion of all three efforts in 1999.

  15. Accuracy testing of steel and electric groundwater-level measuring tapes: Test method and in-service tape accuracy

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Fulford, Janice M.; Clayton, Christopher S.

    2015-10-09

    The calibration device and proposed method were used to calibrate a sample of in-service USGS steel and electric groundwater tapes. The sample of in-service groundwater steel tapes were in relatively good condition. All steel tapes, except one, were accurate to ±0.01 ft per 100 ft over their entire length. One steel tape, which had obvious damage in the first hundred feet, was marginally outside the accuracy of ±0.01 ft per 100 ft by 0.001 ft. The sample of in-service groundwater-level electric tapes were in a range of conditions—from like new, with cosmetic damage, to nonfunctional. The in-service electric tapes did not meet the USGS accuracy recommendation of ±0.01 ft. In-service electric tapes, except for the nonfunctional tape, were accurate to about ±0.03 ft per 100 ft. A comparison of new with in-service electric tapes found that steel-core electric tapes maintained their length and accuracy better than electric tapes without a steel core. The in-service steel tapes could be used as is and achieve USGS accuracy recommendations for groundwater-level measurements. The in-service electric tapes require tape corrections to achieve USGS accuracy recommendations for groundwater-level measurement.

  16. Implementation and performance evaluation of acoustic denoising algorithms for UAV

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chowdhury, Ahmed Sony Kamal

    Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become popular alternative for wildlife monitoring and border surveillance applications. Elimination of the UAV's background noise and classifying the target audio signal effectively are still a major challenge. The main goal of this thesis is to remove UAV's background noise by means of acoustic denoising techniques. Existing denoising algorithms, such as Adaptive Least Mean Square (LMS), Wavelet Denoising, Time-Frequency Block Thresholding, and Wiener Filter, were implemented and their performance evaluated. The denoising algorithms were evaluated for average Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Segmental SNR (SSNR), Log Likelihood Ratio (LLR), and Log Spectral Distance (LSD) metrics. To evaluate the effectiveness of the denoising algorithms on classification of target audio, we implemented Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Naive Bayes classification algorithms. Simulation results demonstrate that LMS and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) denoising algorithm offered superior performance than other algorithms. Finally, we implemented the LMS and DWT algorithms on a DSP board for hardware evaluation. Experimental results showed that LMS algorithm's performance is robust compared to DWT for various noise types to classify target audio signals.

  17. METCOR4: A program to simulate METSAT data

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Johnson, W. R.

    1983-01-01

    The METCOR4 program extracts radiation data from computer tapes and computes radiance as would be recorded by the NOAA6 and NOAA7 meteorological satellites (METSAT). Three different atmospheres, each with different aerosol concentration, are considered with the viewing geometry of the satellites and the expected solar geomtry. The FORTRAN program is provided.

  18. A Method to Measure and Estimate Normalized Contrast in Infrared Flash Thermography

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Koshti, Ajay M.

    2016-01-01

    The paper presents further development in normalized contrast processing used in flash infrared thermography method. Method of computing normalized image or pixel intensity contrast, and normalized temperature contrast are provided. Methods of converting image contrast to temperature contrast and vice versa are provided. Normalized contrast processing in flash thermography is useful in quantitative analysis of flash thermography data including flaw characterization and comparison of experimental results with simulation. Computation of normalized temperature contrast involves use of flash thermography data acquisition set-up with high reflectivity foil and high emissivity tape such that the foil, tape and test object are imaged simultaneously. Methods of assessing other quantitative parameters such as emissivity of object, afterglow heat flux, reflection temperature change and surface temperature during flash thermography are also provided. Temperature imaging and normalized temperature contrast processing provide certain advantages over normalized image contrast processing by reducing effect of reflected energy in images and measurements, therefore providing better quantitative data. Examples of incorporating afterglow heat-flux and reflection temperature evolution in flash thermography simulation are also discussed.

  19. Influence of Immersive Human Scale Architectural Representation on Design Judgment

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Elder, Rebecca L.

    Unrealistic visual representation of architecture within our existing environments have lost all reference to the human senses. As a design tool, visual and auditory stimuli can be utilized to determine human's perception of design. This experiment renders varying building inputs within different sites, simulated with corresponding immersive visual and audio sensory cues. Introducing audio has been proven to influence the way a person perceives a space, yet most inhabitants rely strictly on their sense of vision to make design judgments. Though not as apparent, users prefer spaces that have a better quality of sound and comfort. Through a series of questions, we can begin to analyze whether a design is fit for both an acoustic and visual environment.

  20. Magnetic Tape Recording for the Eighties

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kalil, Ford (Editor)

    1982-01-01

    The practical and theoretical aspects of state-of-the-art magnetic tape recording technology are reviewed. Topics covered include the following: (1) analog and digital magnetic tape recording, (2) tape and head wear, (3) wear testing, (4) magnetic tape certification, (5) care, handling, and management of magnetic tape, (6) cleaning, packing, and winding of magnetic tape, (7) tape reels, bands, and packaging, (8) coding techniques for high-density digital recording, and (9) tradeoffs of coding techniques.

  1. An Experimental Investigation of Damaged Arresting Gear Tapes for the Langley Aircraft Landing Dynamics Facility

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mason, Angela J.

    1999-01-01

    An experimental investigation was performed on damaged arresting gear tapes at the Langley Aircraft Landing Dynamics Facility. The arrestment system uses five pairs of tapes to bring the test carriage to a halt. The procedure used to determine when to replace the tapes consists of a close evaluation of each of the 10 tapes after each run. During this evaluation, each tape is examined thoroughly and any damage observed on the tape is recorded. If the damaged tape does not pass the inspection, the tape is replaced with a new one. For the past 13 years, the most commonly seen damage types are edge fray damage and transverse damage. Tests were conducted to determine the maximum tensile strength of a damaged arresting gear tape specimen. The data indicate that tapes exhibiting transverse damage can withstand higher loads than tapes with edge fray damage.

  2. Medical image archive node simulation and architecture

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chiang, Ted T.; Tang, Yau-Kuo

    1996-05-01

    It is a well known fact that managed care and new treatment technologies are revolutionizing the health care provider world. Community Health Information Network and Computer-based Patient Record projects are underway throughout the United States. More and more hospitals are installing digital, `filmless' radiology (and other imagery) systems. They generate a staggering amount of information around the clock. For example, a typical 500-bed hospital might accumulate more than 5 terabytes of image data in a period of 30 years for conventional x-ray images and digital images such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computer Tomography images. With several hospitals contributing to the archive, the storage required will be in the hundreds of terabytes. Systems for reliable, secure, and inexpensive storage and retrieval of digital medical information do not exist today. In this paper, we present a Medical Image Archive and Distribution Service (MIADS) concept. MIADS is a system shared by individual and community hospitals, laboratories, and doctors' offices that need to store and retrieve medical images. Due to the large volume and complexity of the data, as well as the diversified user access requirement, implementation of the MIADS will be a complex procedure. One of the key challenges to implementing a MIADS is to select a cost-effective, scalable system architecture to meet the ingest/retrieval performance requirements. We have performed an in-depth system engineering study, and developed a sophisticated simulation model to address this key challenge. This paper describes the overall system architecture based on our system engineering study and simulation results. In particular, we will emphasize system scalability and upgradability issues. Furthermore, we will discuss our simulation results in detail. The simulations study the ingest/retrieval performance requirements based on different system configurations and architectures for variables such as workload, tape access time, number of drives, number of exams per patient, number of Central Processing Units, patient grouping, and priority impacts. The MIADS, which could be a key component of a broader data repository system, will be able to communicate with and obtain data from existing hospital information systems. We will discuss the external interfaces enabling MIADS to communicate with and obtain data from existing Radiology Information Systems such as the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). Our system design encompasses the broader aspects of the archive node, which could include multimedia data such as image, audio, video, and free text data. This system is designed to be integrated with current hospital PACS through a Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine interface. However, the system can also be accessed through the Internet using Hypertext Transport Protocol or Simple File Transport Protocol. Our design and simulation work will be key to implementing a successful, scalable medical image archive and distribution system.

  3. Analysis of cache for streaming tape drive

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Chinnaswamy, V.

    1993-01-01

    A tape subsystem consists of a controller and a tape drive. Tapes are used for backup, data interchange, and software distribution. The backup operation is addressed. During a backup operation, data is read from disk, processed in CPU, and then sent to tape. The processing speeds of a disk subsystem, CPU, and a tape subsystem are likely to be different. A powerful CPU can read data from a fast disk, process it, and supply the data to the tape subsystem at a faster rate than the tape subsystem can handle. On the other hand, a slow disk drive and a slow CPU may not be able to supply data fast enough to keep a tape drive busy all the time. The backup process may supply data to tape drive in bursts. Each burst may be followed by an idle period. Depending on the nature of the file distribution in the disk, the input stream to the tape subsystem may vary significantly during backup. To compensate for these differences and optimize the utilization of a tape subsystem, a cache or buffer is introduced in the tape controller. Most of the tape drives today are streaming tape drives. A streaming tape drive goes into reposition when there is no data from the controller. Once the drive goes into reposition, the controller can receive data, but it cannot supply data to the tape drive until the drive completes its reposition. A controller can also receive data from the host and send data to the tape drive at the same time. The relationship of cache size, host transfer rate, drive transfer rate, reposition, and ramp up times for optimal performance of the tape subsystem are investigated. Formulas developed will also show the advantages of cache watermarks to increase the streaming time of the tape drive, maximum loss due to insufficient cache, tradeoffs between cache and reposition times and the effectiveness of cache on a streaming tape drive due to idle times or interruptions due in host transfers. Several mathematical formulas are developed to predict the performance of the tape drive. Some examples are given illustrating the usefulness of these formulas. Finally, a summary and some conclusions are provided.

  4. Performance measurements and operational characteristics of the Storage Tek ACS 4400 tape library with the Cray Y-MP EL

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hull, Gary; Ranade, Sanjay

    1993-01-01

    With over 5000 units sold, the Storage Tek Automated Cartridge System (ACS) 4400 tape library is currently the most popular large automated tape library. Based on 3480/90 tape technology, the library is used as the migration device ('nearline' storage) in high-performance mass storage systems. In its maximum configuration, one ACS 4400 tape library houses sixteen 3480/3490 tape drives and is capable of holding approximately 6000 cartridge tapes. The maximum storage capacity of one library using 3480 tapes is 1.2 TB and the advertised aggregate I/O rate is about 24 MB/s. This paper reports on an extensive set of tests designed to accurately assess the performance capabilities and operational characteristics of one STK ACS 4400 tape library holding approximately 5200 cartridge tapes and configured with eight 3480 tape drives. A Cray Y-MP EL2-256 was configured as its host machine. More than 40,000 tape jobs were run in a variety of conditions to gather data in the areas of channel speed characteristics, robotics motion, time taped mounts, and timed tape reads and writes.

  5. Being in charge - new mothers' perceptions of reflective leadership and motherhood.

    PubMed

    Akerjordet, Kristin; Severinsson, Elisabeth

    2010-05-01

    To explore new mothers' perceptions of reflective leadership in relation to motherhood. Mindfulness, discovery of a deep personal self, sense of life purpose and authenticity appear to be the essence of self-reflective leadership. In this regard, women may be unprepared for the level of distress associated with the transition to motherhood. This study comprised interviews with ten new mothers on day 2-3 after giving birth conducted between March and May 2005. The interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and interpreted by a method grounded in hermeneutics. The content of the text was interpreted as one overall theme; the nature of responsibility in motherhood, encompassing the following four sub-themes: 'Being a good mother by reflecting and developing self-identity', 'managing fear, demands and commitments as a mother', 'having the necessary resources to act and lead as a mother' and 'believing and trusting in others and self as a leader'. In the new mother's transformation and growth of self, true strength has to overcome the vulnerability of life by means of caring and courage mediated by reflective leadership anchored in love.

  6. Susceptibility study of audio recording devices to electromagnetic stimulations

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Halligan, Matthew S.; Grant, Steven L.; Beetner, Daryl G.

    2014-02-01

    Little research has been performed to study how intentional electromagnetic signals may couple into recording devices. An electromagnetic susceptibility study was performed on an analog tape recorder, a digital video camera, a wired computer microphone, and a wireless microphone system to electromagnetic interference. Devices were subjected to electromagnetic stimulations in the frequency range of 1-990 MHz and field strengths up to 4.9 V/m. Carrier and message frequencies of the stimulation signals were swept, and the impacts of device orientation and antenna polarization were explored. Message signals coupled into all devices only when amplitude modulated signals were used as stimulation signals.more » Test conditions that produced maximum sensitivity were highly specific to each device. Only narrow carrier frequency ranges could be used for most devices to couple messages into recordings. A basic detection technique using cross-correlation demonstrated the need for messages to be as long as possible to maximize message detection and minimize detection error. Analysis suggests that detectable signals could be coupled to these recording devices under realistic ambient conditions.« less

  7. Experiences of patients with laryngectomies as they reintegrate into their community.

    PubMed

    Dooks, Penny; McQuestion, Maurene; Goldstein, David; Molassiotis, Alex

    2012-03-01

    The purpose of this qualitative study is to describe the patient's experiences as they reintegrate into the community following laryngectomy surgery and identify their perceived support and barriers within this transition. Using Thorne's interpretive descriptive approach, purposeful sampling was used to recruit participants from two large urban hospitals. In-depth, audio-taped interviews were conducted with nine participants 6-12 months following surgery. Enveloped under an overarching theme of a "Constant Accommodation to Life with a Laryngectomy," were three main themes: (1) "Impact of Cancer Diagnosis," (2) "Coping with Illness: Trying to Live Life like Before," and (3) "Transitions in Recovery." Subthemes further illuminated the constant accommodation participants had to make following cancer recurrence, surgery, and returning home. Patients with laryngectomies face major changes in lifestyle related to altered airway, loss of voice, body image concerns, and challenges with eating. Support of family, friends, and health care professionals is critical for successful transition during this stressful period. Instant messaging, email, Web-based support groups, and video messaging can contribute to a great improvement in communication and engagement for this population.

  8. Family planning and contraceptive decision-making by economically disadvantaged, African-American women

    PubMed Central

    Hodgson, Eric J.; Collier, Charlene; Hayes, Laura; Curry, Leslie; Fraenkel, Liana

    2013-01-01

    Background Significant racial disparities exist in the US unplanned pregnancy rate. We conducted a qualitative study using the theory of planned behavior as a framework to describe how low-income, African-American women approach family planning. Study Design Structured focus groups were held with adult, low-income, non-pregnant, African-American women in Connecticut. Data were collected using a standardized discussion guide, and audio-taped and transcribed. Four, independent researchers coded the transcripts using the constant comparative method. Codes were organized into over-arching themes. Results Contraceptive knowledge was limited with formal education often occurring after sexual debut. Attitudes about contraception were overtly negative with method effectiveness being judged by the experience of side effects. Family and friends strongly influence contraceptive decisions while male partners are primarily seen as a barrier. Contraceptive pills are perceived as readily accessible although compliance is considered a barrier. Conclusions Contraception education should occur before sexual debut, should involve trusted family and community members, and should positively frame issues in terms of achieving life goals. PMID:23177266

  9. Obstetric danger signs and factors affecting health seeking behaviour among the Kassena-Nankani of Northern Ghana: a qualitative study.

    PubMed

    Aborigo, Raymond A; Moyer, Cheryl A; Gupta, Mira; Adongo, Philip B; Williams, John; Hodgson, Abraham; Allote, Pascale; Engmann, Cyril M

    2014-09-01

    Improving community members' knowledge of obstetric danger signs is one strategy for increasing the use of skilled care during pregnancy and the puerperium. This study explored knowledge of obstetric danger signs among a range of community members, examined the sources of their information, and the perceived factors that affect health seeking behaviour in rural northern Ghana. We conducted 72 in-depth interviews and 18 focus groups with community members. All interactions were audio taped, transcribed verbatim and analysed using NVivo 9.0. Community members demonstrated knowledge of a wide range of obstetric danger signs, including excessive bleeding, stomach aches, waist pains, vomiting and fever. Pregnant women learn about danger signs from a range of providers, and regular contact with formal providers typically coincided with increased knowledge of danger signs. Traditional remedies for problems in obstetrics are plentiful and cultural beliefs often restrict the use of allopathic medicine. Increasing knowledge of obstetric danger signs is necessary but not sufficient to overcome cultural preferences for traditional treatments for pregnancy danger signs.

  10. The "millennials": first year in practice.

    PubMed

    Olson, Marianne E

    2009-01-01

    Each year, thousands of novice nurses join the workforce. The overwhelming majority begin their careers in an acute care facility. Most of what we know about novice nurses comes from studies conducted over the last several decades. These studies have focused heavily on issues such as novice/expert differences on the performance of tasks. While they illuminate differences in judgment and decision-making skills, they provide little information on the reality of the novices' clinical practice. What is missing in the literature is an insider's look from the perspective of the millennial-born (1980-1999) novice nurse. Millennial novice nurses have both educators and experienced nurses searching for communication and learning strategies to engage the newest members of the nursing profession, yet the perceptions of millennial novice nurses have not yet been identified. This is a qualitative interpretive longitudinal study that utilized phenomenology as the philosophical and context method to illuminate the perceptions of millennial novice nurses. Audio-taped interviews were conducted at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. Findings have implications for both nurse educators and nurses in acute care facilities, especially those orienting the newest generation of novice nurses.

  11. Distributed digital music archives and libraries

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fujinaga, Ichiro

    2005-09-01

    The main goal of this research program is to develop and evaluate practices, frameworks, and tools for the design and construction of worldwide distributed digital music archives and libraries. Over the last few millennia, humans have amassed an enormous amount of musical information that is scattered around the world. It is becoming abundantly clear that the optimal path for acquisition is to distribute the task of digitizing the wealth of historical and cultural heritage material that exists in analogue formats, which may include books and manuscripts related to music, music scores, photographs, videos, audio tapes, and phonograph records. In order to achieve this goal, libraries, museums, and archives throughout the world, large or small, need well-researched policies, proper guidance, and efficient tools to digitize their collections and to make them available economically. The research conducted within the program addresses unique and imminent challenges posed by the digitization and dissemination of music media. The are four major research projects in progress: development and evaluation of digitization methods for preservation of analogue recordings; optical music recognition using microfilms; design of workflow management system with automatic metadata extraction; and formulation of interlibrary communication strategies.

  12. Ten approaches for enhancing empathy in health and human services cultures.

    PubMed

    Hojat, Mohammadreza

    2009-01-01

    Empathy is defined as a predominantly cognitive attribute that involves an understanding of experiences, concerns and perspectives of another person, combined with a capacity to communicate this understanding. Empathy in the context of clinical care can lead to positive patient outcomes including greater patient satisfaction and compliance, lower rates of malpractice litigation, lower cost of medical care, and lower rate of medical errors. Also, health professionals' wellbeing is associated with higher empathy. Enhancing empathic engagement in patient care is one of the important tasks of medical education. In this article, I briefly describe 10 approaches for enhancing empathy in the health care environment: improving interpersonal skills, audio- or video-taping of encounters with patients, exposure to role models, role playing (aging game), shadowing a patient (patient navigator), hospitalization experiences, studying literature and the arts, improving narrative skills, theatrical performances, and the Balint method. I conclude that empathic engagement in the health care and human services is beneficial not only to the patients, but also to physicians, other health care providers, administrators, managers, health care institutions, and the public at large.

  13. Heart rate, multiple body temperature, long-range and long-life telemetry system for free-ranging animals

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lund, G. F.; Westbrook, R. M.; Fryer, T. B.

    1980-01-01

    The design details and rationale for a versatile, long-range, long-life telemetry data acquisition system for heart rates and body temperatures at multiple locations from free-ranging animals are presented. The design comprises an implantable transmitter for short to medium range transmission, a receiver retransmitter collar to be worn for long-range transmission, and a signal conditioner interface circuit to assist in signal discrimination and demodulation of receiver or tape-recorded audio outputs. Implanted electrodes are used to obtain an ECG, from which R-wave characteristics are selected to trigger a short RF pulse. Pulses carrying heart rate information are interrupted periodically by a series of pulse interval modulated RF pulses conveying temperature information sensed at desired locations by thermistors. Pulse duration and pulse sequencing are used to discriminate between heart rate and temperature pulses as well as radio frequency interference. The implanted transmitter may be used alone for medium and short-range tracking, or with a receiver-transmitter collar that employs commercial tracking equipment for transmissions of up to 12 km. A system prototype has been tested on a dog.

  14. Health literacy: setting an international collaborative research agenda

    PubMed Central

    Protheroe, Joanne; Wallace, Lorraine S; Rowlands, Gillian; DeVoe, Jennifer E

    2009-01-01

    Background Health literacy is an increasingly important topic in both the policy and research agendas of many countries. During the recent 36th Annual Meeting of the North American Primary Care Research Group, the authors led an audio-taped 3-hour forum, "Studying Health Literacy: Developing an International Collaboration," where the current state of health literacy (HL) in the United States (US) and United Kingdom (UK) was presented and attendees were encouraged to debate a future research agenda. Discussion of Forum Themes The debate centred around three distinct themes, including: (1) refining HL definitions and conceptual models, (2) HL measurement and assessment tools, and (3) developing a collaborative international research agenda. The attendees agreed that future research should be theoretically grounded and conceptual models employed in studies should be explicit to allow for international comparisons to be drawn. Summary and Authors Reflections The importance of HL research and its possible contribution to health disparities is becoming increasingly recognised internationally. International collaborations and comparative studies could illuminate some of the possible determinants of disparities, and also possibly provide a vehicle to examine other research questions of interest. PMID:19589176

  15. Experiences of Turkish undergraduate nursing students in the intensive care unit.

    PubMed

    Tastan, Sevinc; Iyigun, Emine; Ayhan, Hatice; Hatipoglu, Sevgi

    2015-01-01

    Clinical practicum provides many opportunities for nursing students to learn more about their subject and develop essential nursing skills. In contrast, nursing students often have difficulties during their clinical practicum. This study aims to describe the clinical experiences of undergraduate nursing students in the intensive care unit. A descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study. The study was performed at a military medical academy between 1 March and 30 April 2008. The study was conducted with 15 fourth-year baccalaureate nursing students. Data were obtained through open-ended and in-depth audio-taped interviews, which lasted approximately 35-45 min. Themes emerged from the participants' descriptions of their experiences in the intensive care unit: anxiety, fear of doing harm, emotional connection and empathy, improving self-confidence, perceived responsibility for patients, prioritizing care of patients, preserving dignity, coping with confronting situations, and communication in the intensive care unit. The views and expectations of nursing students regarding intensive care practice are important for the organization of the nursing education environment. The nursing curriculum must be revised and developed according to the needs of students.

  16. Experiences of the Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy at a Public Hospital Peshawar Pakistan

    PubMed Central

    Habibullah, Gulzar; Gul, Raisa; Cassum, Shanaz; Elahi, Rehana

    2018-01-01

    Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences of female breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) in a public hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. Methods: This study employed a descriptive exploratory method. A purposive sample of 14 breast cancer women undergoing RT was selected for this study. Data were collected over the period of 5 months, using a semi-structured interview guide and conducting in-depth face-to-face interviews. These interviews were audio taped and transcribed by a bilingual transcriber. The translated version of the interview was coded, and the analysis was done manually. Results: Four main categories emerged from data analysis, which were: feelings and perceptions of the patients, their challenges, coping strategies, and teaching and informational needs. Conclusions: Women undergoing RT in this culture experience more intense psychological effects, as compared to the physical effects. Keeping in mind, the magnitude of the emotional stress experienced by the participants, recommendations for policy reforms, and training for female RT staff are suggested based on findings of this research. PMID:29607379

  17. Unravelling the differences between complexity and frailty in old age: findings from a constructivist grounded theory study.

    PubMed

    McGeorge, S J

    2011-02-01

    UK health policy has used the terms 'frailty' and 'complexity' synonymously but there is no common definition for either. Understanding these concepts is important if demand for health care created by the increasing number of older people in society is to be managed effectively. This paper explores some findings from a study into how mental health nurses who work with older people construct and operationalize the concept of 'age-related complexity'. Constructivist grounded theory was used. Audio-taped interviews were undertaken with 13 registered nurses and were analysed using a constant comparative method. This paper addresses the relationship between frailty and complexity, which was identified as a theme within the category 'dynamic complexity'. The findings suggest that nurses understand important differences between the two concepts. Frailty is exclusively used to describe physical states while complexity is a more encompassing term that has resonance and relevance in mental health services. The dynamic nature of complexity means that older people can become both more and less complex and this has implications for nursing practice that require further study. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing.

  18. Exercise and food compensation: exploring diet-related beliefs and behaviors of regular exercisers.

    PubMed

    Dohle, Simone; Wansink, Brian; Zehnder, Lorena

    2015-03-01

    The goal of this qualitative study is to identify common beliefs and behaviors related to exercise and diet. Data were collected in focus group discussions with regular exercisers who were physically active between 1 and 5 h per week. Exercise objectives, beliefs and behaviors regarding food intake before, during, and after exercise, consumption of sport supplements, and dietary patterns on sedentary days were explored. All focus groups were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Participants reported that they reward themselves for being active by consuming food. Other exercisers had specific beliefs about dietary needs and how to compensate for exercise-induced losses along with exercise-related food likes and dislikes. The participants' food intake also depended on their personal exercise objectives, such as the goal of performing well in competitions. External and physiological factors also played a role in determining participants' dietary patterns. Results of this study show that exercising and dietary patterns are closely intertwined. In addition, we articulate new hypotheses and outline a research agenda that can help improve how regular exercisers eat.

  19. Human errors and violations in computer and information security: the viewpoint of network administrators and security specialists.

    PubMed

    Kraemer, Sara; Carayon, Pascale

    2007-03-01

    This paper describes human errors and violations of end users and network administration in computer and information security. This information is summarized in a conceptual framework for examining the human and organizational factors contributing to computer and information security. This framework includes human error taxonomies to describe the work conditions that contribute adversely to computer and information security, i.e. to security vulnerabilities and breaches. The issue of human error and violation in computer and information security was explored through a series of 16 interviews with network administrators and security specialists. The interviews were audio taped, transcribed, and analyzed by coding specific themes in a node structure. The result is an expanded framework that classifies types of human error and identifies specific human and organizational factors that contribute to computer and information security. Network administrators tended to view errors created by end users as more intentional than unintentional, while errors created by network administrators as more unintentional than intentional. Organizational factors, such as communication, security culture, policy, and organizational structure, were the most frequently cited factors associated with computer and information security.

  20. Sodium dietary restriction, knowledge, beliefs, and decision-making behavior of older females.

    PubMed

    Sheahan, Sharon L; Fields, Becky

    2008-04-01

    The purposes of this qualitative/descriptive study were to (a) explore experiences and decision-making behaviors associated with adoption of a sodium-restricted diet (SRD) among older women with hypertension or heart failure and (b) identify healthcare system and contextual factors that facilitate or impede adherence to SRD. Participants were 33 single older women, aged 65-98 years, residing in three congregate living facilities in the high-risk "coronary valley" area of the United States. A semistructured interview format was employed with three focus groups. The audio-taped transcribed data were content analyzed for themes by the researchers with the assistance of ATLAS.Ti computer software. Predominant themes were lack of SRD education by healthcare providers, a desire for more information about sodium, including the use of alternative herbal seasonings, and large-print informational materials. Eating alone with no motivation to cook and share meals was a contextual barrier to healthy nutrition. To prevent costly hospitalizations and rehospitalization from nonadherence to SRD, clinicians need to provide more structured SRD education supplemented with printed brochures. Exploring the client's nutritional social setting may improve SRD adherence.

  1. Playback Station #2 for Cal Net and 5-day-recorder tapes

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Eaton, Jerry P.

    1978-01-01

    A second system (Playback Station #2) has been set up to play back Cal Net 1" tapes and 5-day-recorder 1/2" tapes. As with the first playback system (Playback Station #1) the tapes are played back on a Bell and Howell VR3700B tape deck and the records are written out on a 16-channel direct-writing Siemens "0scillomink." Separate reproduce heads, tape guides, and tape tension sensor rollers are required for playing back 111 tapes and 1/2" tapes, but changing these tape deck components is a simple task that requires only a few minutes. The discriminators, patch panels, selector switches, filters, time code translators, and signal conditioning circuits for the time code translators and for the tape-speed-compensation signal are all mounted in an equipment rack that stands beside the playback tape deck. Changing playback speeds (15/16 ips or 3 3/4 ips) or changing from Cal Net tapes to 5-day-recorder tapes requires only flipping a few switches and/or changing a few patch cables on the patch panel (in addition to changing the reproduce heads, etc., to change from 1" tape to 1/2" tape). For the Cal Net tapes, the system provides for playback of 9 data channels (680 Hz thru 3060 Hz plus 400 Hz) and 3 time signals (IRIG-E, IRIG-C, and WWVB) at both 15/16 ips (x1 speed) and 3 3/4 ips (x4 speed). Available modes of compensation (using either a 4688 Hz reference or a 3125 Hz reference) are subtractive, capstan, capstan plus subtractive, or no compensation.

  2. Video-based self-review: comparing Google Glass and GoPro technologies.

    PubMed

    Paro, John A M; Nazareli, Rahim; Gurjala, Anadev; Berger, Aaron; Lee, Gordon K

    2015-05-01

    Professionals in a variety of specialties use video-based review as a method of constant self-evaluation. We believe critical self-reflection will allow a surgical trainee to identify methods for improvement throughout residency and beyond. We have used 2 new popular technologies to evaluate their role in accomplishing the previously mentioned objectives. Our group investigated Google Glass and GoPro cameras. Medical students, residents, and faculty were invited to wear each of the devices during a scheduled operation. After the case, each participant was asked to comment on a number of features of the device including comfort, level of distraction/interference with operating, ease of video acquisition, and battery life. Software and hardware specifications were compiled and compared by the authors. A "proof-of-concept" was also performed using the video-conferencing abilities of Google Glass to perform a simulated flap check. The technical specifications of the 2 cameras favor GoPro over Google Glass. Glass records in 720p with 5-MP still shots, and the GoPro records in 1080p with 12-MP still shots. Our tests of battery life showed more than 2 hours of continuous video with GoPro, and less than 1 hour for Glass. Favorable features of Google Glass included comfort and relative ease of use; they could not comfortably wear loupes while operating, and would have preferred longer hands-free video recording. The GoPro was slightly more cumbersome and required a nonsterile team member to activate all pictures or video; however, loupes could be worn. Google Glass was successfully used in the hospital for a simulated flap check, with overall audio and video being transmitted--fine detail was lost, however. There are benefits and limitations to each of the devices tested. Google Glass is in its infancy and may gain a larger intraoperative role in the future. We plan to use Glass as a way for trainees to easily acquire intraoperative footage as a means to "review tape" and will use the GoPro to amass a video library of commonly performed operations.

  3. A system to simulate and reproduce audio-visual environments for spatial hearing research.

    PubMed

    Seeber, Bernhard U; Kerber, Stefan; Hafter, Ervin R

    2010-02-01

    The article reports the experience gained from two implementations of the "Simulated Open-Field Environment" (SOFE), a setup that allows sounds to be played at calibrated levels over a wide frequency range from multiple loudspeakers in an anechoic chamber. Playing sounds from loudspeakers in the free-field has the advantage that each participant listens with their own ears, and individual characteristics of the ears are captured in the sound they hear. This makes an easy and accurate comparison between various listeners with and without hearing devices possible. The SOFE uses custom calibration software to assure individual equalization of each loudspeaker. Room simulation software creates the spatio-temporal reflection pattern of sound sources in rooms which is played via the SOFE loudspeakers. The sound playback system is complemented by a video projection facility which can be used to collect or give feedback or to study auditory-visual interaction. The article discusses acoustical and technical requirements for accurate sound playback against the specific needs in hearing research. An introduction to software concepts is given which allow easy, high-level control of the setup and thus fast experimental development, turning the SOFE into a "Swiss army knife" tool for auditory, spatial hearing and audio-visual research. Crown Copyright 2009. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  4. A System to Simulate and Reproduce Audio-Visual Environments for Spatial Hearing Research

    PubMed Central

    Seeber, Bernhard U.; Kerber, Stefan; Hafter, Ervin R.

    2009-01-01

    The article reports the experience gained from two implementations of the “Simulated Open-Field Environment” (SOFE), a setup that allows sounds to be played at calibrated levels over a wide frequency range from multiple loudspeakers in an anechoic chamber. Playing sounds from loudspeakers in the free-field has the advantage that each participant listens with their own ears, and individual characteristics of the ears are captured in the sound they hear. This makes an easy and accurate comparison between various listeners with and without hearing devices possible. The SOFE uses custom calibration software to assure individual equalization of each loudspeaker. Room simulation software creates the spatio-temporal reflection pattern of sound sources in rooms which is played via the SOFE loudspeakers. The sound playback system is complemented by a video projection facility which can be used to collect or give feedback or to study auditory-visual interaction. The article discusses acoustical and technical requirements for accurate sound playback against the specific needs in hearing research. An introduction to software concepts is given which allow easy, high-level control of the setup and thus fast experimental development, turning the SOFE into a “Swiss army knife” tool for auditory, spatial hearing and audio-visual research. PMID:19909802

  5. Immediate Effects of Ankle Balance Taping with Kinesiology Tape for Amateur Soccer Players with Lateral Ankle Sprain: A Randomized Cross-Over Design

    PubMed Central

    Kim, Myoung Kwon; Shin, Young Jun

    2017-01-01

    Background The objective of this study was to investigate the immediate effect on gait function when ankle balance taping is applied to amateur soccer players with lateral ankle sprain. Material/Methods A cross-over randomized design was used. Twenty-two soccer players with an ankle sprain underwent 3 interventions in a random order. Subjects were randomly assigned to ankle balance taping, placebo taping, and no taping groups. The assessment was performed using the GAITRite portable walkway system, which records the location and timing of each footfall during ambulation. Results Significant differences were found in the velocity, step length, stride length, and H-H base support among the 3 different taping methods (p<0.05). The ankle balance taping group showed significantly greater velocity, step length, and stride length in comparison to the placebo and no taping group. The ankle balance taping group showed a statistically significant decrease (p<0.05) in the H-H base support compared to the placebo and no taping groups, and the placebo group showed significantly greater velocity in comparison to the no taping group (p<0.05). Conclusions We conclude that ankle balance taping that uses kinesiology tape instantly increased the walking ability of amateur soccer players with lateral ankle sprain. Therefore, ankle balance taping is a useful alternative to prevent and treat ankle sprain of soccer players. PMID:29158472

  6. Development of Simulated Directional Audio for Cockpit Applications

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-01-01

    011 ’rhoodore JT.. (2erth, Jeffrev M.. Enpolivinnn.,Will1am R. and Folds, Deennis J. 12a. T’fP6 OP REPORT I131. TIME QW1COVEREDT’PRPOT(r. oDO 5 AG ON...of the aludio si~nal, in the time and frequency domains, which enhance localization performance with simulated cues. Previous research is reviewed...dichotically. Localization accuracy and response time were compared for: (1) nine different filtered noise stimuli, designed to make available some

  7. Student Aid Audio Guide, 2003-2004. [CD-ROM].

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Office of Federal Student Aid (ED), Washington, DC.

    This CD-ROM contains a simulated conversation between a counselor at the Department of Education's Federal Student Aid Information Center and a student inquiring about financial assistance. The information pertains to the year from July 2003 through June 2004. Following an introductory track containing information about the contents of the CD,…

  8. Next Generation Simulation Training for Pararescue Forces

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-02-13

    then leverage a 5.1 or 7.1 surround sound processor to create a soundscape that is consistent with the landscape produced by the IG. The NCHCI...area. These two zones were fed DirectSound 3D audio to create a soundscape for the environment. The sound produced was the stock sounds bundled with the

  9. PHOTOELECTRIC CONTROL FOR TAPE POSITIONING

    DOEpatents

    Woody, J.W. Jr.

    1961-07-25

    A control system is described for producing control impulses which may be used to start, stop, and position a magnetic tape with respect to a transducer, and to locate discrete areas on the tape. Means are provided for positive identification of data blocks, exact positioning of the tape under the magnetic head, drive in either direction, accurate skip-over of imperfect regions of the tape, stopping the tape if equipment malfunction results in a failure to detect the block-identifying signals, and starting and stopping those parts of the tape between of the tape drive clutches.

  10. The Effect of Patellar Taping on Squat Depth and the Perception of Pain in People with Anterior Knee Pain

    PubMed Central

    Clifford, Amanda M.; Harrington, Elaine

    Patellar taping is a treatment adjunct commonly used in the management of anterior knee pain. The aim of this cross sectional study was to investigate the effects of medial glide patellar taping on sagittal plane lower-limb joint kinematics and knee pain during a unilateral squat in a symptomatic population complaining of anterior knee pain. Ten participants with a history of unilateral or bilateral anterior knee pain were included in the study. Subjects were required to squat on the symptomatic leg under three conditions: placebo tape, patellar tape and no tape. Kinematic data was recorded using the CODA mpx64 motion analysis system and subjects’ pain was assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale. Patellar taping resulted in a significantly greater single-legged squat depth compared to placebo tape (p=0.008) and no tape (p=0.001) and a statistically significant reduction in pain during a squat compared to placebo tape (p=0.001) or no tape (p=0.001). Significant differences were not identified for maximum knee flexion in the patella taping compared to the no tape condition. This study may have significant clinical implications as participants reported less pain and alterations in sagittal plane movement following the application of patellar tape. PMID:24146711

  11. Comparison of Errors Using Two Length-Based Tape Systems for Prehospital Care in Children.

    PubMed

    Rappaport, Lara D; Brou, Lina; Givens, Tim; Mandt, Maria; Balakas, Ashley; Roswell, Kelley; Kotas, Jason; Adelgais, Kathleen M

    2016-01-01

    The use of a length/weight-based tape (LBT) for equipment size and drug dosing for pediatric patients is recommended in a joint statement by multiple national organizations. A new system, known as Handtevy™, allows for rapid determination of critical drug doses without performing calculations. To compare two LBT systems for dosing errors and time to medication administration in simulated prehospital scenarios. This was a prospective randomized trial comparing the Broselow Pediatric Emergency Tape™ (Broselow) and Handtevy LBT™ (Handtevy). Paramedics performed 2 pediatric simulations: cardiac arrest with epinephrine administration and hypoglycemia mandating dextrose. Each scenario was repeated utilizing both systems with a 1-year-old and 5-year-old size manikin. Facilitators recorded identified errors and time points of critical actions including time to medication. We enrolled 80 paramedics, performing 320 simulations. For Dextrose, there were significantly more errors with Broselow (63.8%) compared to Handtevy (13.8%) and time to administration was longer with the Broselow system (220 seconds vs. 173 seconds). For epinephrine, the LBTs were similar in overall error rate (Broselow 21.3% vs. Handtevy 16.3%) and time to administration (89 vs. 91 seconds). Cognitive errors were more frequent when using the Broselow compared to Handtevy, particularly with dextrose administration. The frequency of procedural errors was similar between the two LBT systems. In simulated prehospital scenarios, use of the Handtevy LBT system resulted in fewer errors for dextrose administration compared to the Broselow LBT, with similar time to administration and accuracy of epinephrine administration.

  12. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Abushakra, Bass

    The aging tests conducted so far showed that duct tape tends to degrade in its performance as the joint it is applied to requires a geometrical description of a higher number of space dimensions (1-D, 2-D, 3-D). One-dimensional joints are the easiest to seal with duct tape, and thus the least to experience failure. Two-dimensional joints, such as the flexible duct core-to-collar joints tested in this study, are less likely to fail than three-dimensional collar-to-plenum joints, as the shrinkage could have a positive effect in tightening the joint. Three-dimensional joints are the toughest to seal and the most likely tomore » experience failure. The 2-D flexible duct core-to-collar joints passed the six-month period of the aging test in terms of leakage, but with the exception of the foil-butyl tape, showed degradation in terms hardening, brittleness, partial peeling, shrinkage, wrinkling, delamination of the tape layers, flaking, cracking, bubbling, oozing and discoloration. The baking test results showed that the failure in the duct tape joints could be attributed to the type of combination of the duct tape and the material it is applied to, as the duct tape behaves differently with different substrates. Overall, the foil-butyl tape (Tape 4) had the best results, while the film tape (Tape 3) showed the most deterioration. The conventional duct tapes tested (Tape 1 and Tape 2) were between these two extremes, with Tape 2 performing better than Tape 1. Lastly, we found that plastic straps became discolored and brittle during the tests, and a couple of straps broke completely. Therefore, we recommend that clamping the duct-taped flexible core-to-collar joints should be done with metallic adjustable straps.« less

  13. Design versions of HTS three-phase cables with the minimized value of AC losses

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Altov, V. A.; Balashov, N. N.; Degtyarenko, P. N.; Ivanov, S. S.; Kopylov, S. I.; Lipa, DA; Samoilenkov, S. V.; Sytnikov, V. E.; Zheltov, V. V.

    2018-03-01

    Design versions of HTS three-phase cables consisting of 2G HTS tapes have been investigated by the numerical simulation method with the aim of AC losses minimization. Two design versions of cables with the coaxial and extended rectangular cross-section shape are considered – the non-sectioned and sectioned one. In the latter each cable phase consists of sections connected in parallel. The optimal dimensions of sections and order of their alteration are chosen by appropriate calculations. The model used takes into account the current distribution between the sections and its non-uniformity within each single HTS tape as well. The following characteristics are varied: design version, dimension, positioning of extra copper layer in a cable, design of HTS tapes themselves and their mutual position. The dependence of AC losses on the latter two characteristics is considered in details, and the examples of cable designs optimized by the total set of characteristics for the medium class of voltages (10 – 60 kV) are given. At the critical current JC=5.1 кA per phase and current amplitudes lower than 0.85JC, the level of total AC losses does not exceed the natural cryostat heat losses.

  14. Area scaling investigations of charging phenomena. [discharge pulse characteristics of Teflon thermal control tape

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Aron, P. R.; Staskus, J. V.

    1979-01-01

    The charging and discharging behavior of square, planar samples of silvered, fluorinated ethylene-propylene (FEP) Teflon thermal control tape was measured. The equilibrium voltage profiles scaled with the width of the sample. A wide range of discharge pulse characteristics was observed, and the area dependences of the peak current, charge, and pulse widths are described. The observed scaling of the peak currents with area was weaker than that previously reported. The discharge parameters were observed to depend strongly on the grounding impedance and the beam voltage. Preliminary results suggest that measuring only the return-current-pulse characteristics is not adequate to describe the spacecraft discharging behavior of this material. The seams between strips of tape appear to play a fundamental role in determining the discharging behavior. An approximate propagation velocity for the charge cleanoff was extracted from the data. The samples - 232, 1265, and 5058 square centimeters in area - were exposed at ambient temperature to a 1- to 2-nA/sq cm electron beam at energies of 10, 15, and 20 kilovolts in a 19-meter-long by 4.6-meter-diameter simulation facility at the Lewis Research Center.

  15. Vibration characteristics and optimization for panel elastically supported in mobile phone

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kaito, Y.; Honda, S.; Narita, Y.

    2016-09-01

    In recent years, usage of smartphones and tablet terminals have spread around the world. These devices using touchscreen as a user interface are currently mainstream. Also, in order to let information of input or output surely know to users, there are some types of equipment having vibrational function in touchscreen. Here, the material of touchscreen consists of glass and the glass panel is fixed to a mobile phone's body by adhesive tapes along the edge of the panel. However, due to the difficulty of design of vibration, it needs investigation with a vast number of manufacturing prototypes. Moreover, the vibration characteristic of panels is not enough regarding intensity and a tactile impression. Therefore, in this study, the authors consider the vibration characteristic of glass panel elastically fixed by adhesive tapes along edges. First, they show modeling of adhesive tapes along edges of panel by using translational and rotational springs. Second, they show formulating vibration characteristic by using an energy method. Third, they optimize spring constants of translational and rotational springs by using Genetic Algorithm(GA) from the obtained expression. Finally, they consider natural frequencies and eigenmodes which were acquired from experiments and simulations.

  16. Use of binaural beat tapes for treatment of anxiety: a pilot study of tape preference and outcomes.

    PubMed

    Le Scouarnec, R P; Poirier, R M; Owens, J E; Gauthier, J; Taylor, A G; Foresman, P A

    2001-01-01

    Recent studies and anecdotal reports suggest that binaural auditory beats can affect mood, performance on vigilance tasks, and anxiety. To determine whether mildly anxious people would report decreased anxiety after listening daily for 1 month to tapes imbedded with tones that create binaural beats, and whether they would show a definite tape preference among 3 tapes. A 1-group pre-posttest pilot study. Patients' homes. A volunteer sample of 15 mildly anxious patients seen in the Clinique Psyché, Montreal, Quebec. Participants were asked to listen at least 5 times weekly for 4 weeks to 1 or more of 3 music tapes containing tones that produce binaural beats in the electroencephalogram delta/theta frequency range. Participants also were asked to record tape usage, tape preference, and anxiety ratings in a journal before and after listening to the tape or tapes. Anxiety ratings before and after tape listening, pre- and post-study State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scores, and tape preferences documented in daily journals. Listening to the binaural beat tapes resulted in a significant reduction in the anxiety score reported daily in patients' diaries. The number of times participants listened to the tapes in 4 weeks ranged from 10 to 17 (an average of 1.4 to 2.4 times per week) for approximately 30 minutes per session. End-of-study tape preferences indicated that slightly more participants preferred tape B, with its pronounced and extended patterns of binaural beats, over tapes A and C. Changes in pre- and posttest listening State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scores trended toward a reduction of anxiety, but these differences were not statistically significant. Listening to binaural beat tapes in the delta/theta electroencephalogram range may be beneficial in reducing mild anxiety. Future studies should account for music preference among participants and include age as a factor in outcomes, incentives to foster tape listening, and a physiologic measure of anxiety reduction. A controlled trial that includes binaural beat tapes as an adjunctive treatment to conventional therapy for mild anxiety may be warranted.

  17. pyAudioAnalysis: An Open-Source Python Library for Audio Signal Analysis.

    PubMed

    Giannakopoulos, Theodoros

    2015-01-01

    Audio information plays a rather important role in the increasing digital content that is available today, resulting in a need for methodologies that automatically analyze such content: audio event recognition for home automations and surveillance systems, speech recognition, music information retrieval, multimodal analysis (e.g. audio-visual analysis of online videos for content-based recommendation), etc. This paper presents pyAudioAnalysis, an open-source Python library that provides a wide range of audio analysis procedures including: feature extraction, classification of audio signals, supervised and unsupervised segmentation and content visualization. pyAudioAnalysis is licensed under the Apache License and is available at GitHub (https://github.com/tyiannak/pyAudioAnalysis/). Here we present the theoretical background behind the wide range of the implemented methodologies, along with evaluation metrics for some of the methods. pyAudioAnalysis has been already used in several audio analysis research applications: smart-home functionalities through audio event detection, speech emotion recognition, depression classification based on audio-visual features, music segmentation, multimodal content-based movie recommendation and health applications (e.g. monitoring eating habits). The feedback provided from all these particular audio applications has led to practical enhancement of the library.

  18. pyAudioAnalysis: An Open-Source Python Library for Audio Signal Analysis

    PubMed Central

    Giannakopoulos, Theodoros

    2015-01-01

    Audio information plays a rather important role in the increasing digital content that is available today, resulting in a need for methodologies that automatically analyze such content: audio event recognition for home automations and surveillance systems, speech recognition, music information retrieval, multimodal analysis (e.g. audio-visual analysis of online videos for content-based recommendation), etc. This paper presents pyAudioAnalysis, an open-source Python library that provides a wide range of audio analysis procedures including: feature extraction, classification of audio signals, supervised and unsupervised segmentation and content visualization. pyAudioAnalysis is licensed under the Apache License and is available at GitHub (https://github.com/tyiannak/pyAudioAnalysis/). Here we present the theoretical background behind the wide range of the implemented methodologies, along with evaluation metrics for some of the methods. pyAudioAnalysis has been already used in several audio analysis research applications: smart-home functionalities through audio event detection, speech emotion recognition, depression classification based on audio-visual features, music segmentation, multimodal content-based movie recommendation and health applications (e.g. monitoring eating habits). The feedback provided from all these particular audio applications has led to practical enhancement of the library. PMID:26656189

  19. 41 CFR 101-26.508-2 - Requisitioning data processing tape not available from Federal Supply Schedule contracts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... contracts. (a) Requisitions for types of EDP tape and instrumentation tape (wide and intermediate band... is located. (b) Requisitions for all types of EDP tape and instrumentation tape (wide and... and $5,000 for instrumentation tape. However, regardless of the amount involved (including...

  20. The Carbon Monoxide Tape Recorder

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Schoeberl, M. R.; Duncan, B. N.; Douglass, A. R.; Waters, J.; Livesey, N.; Read, W.; Filipiak, M.

    2006-01-01

    Using Aura MLS data we have identified the stratospheric tape recorder in carbon monoxide (CO). Unlike the water vapor tape recorder, which is controlled by upper troposphere processes, the CO tape recorder is linked to seasonal biomass burning. Since CO has a lifetime of only a few months, the CO tape recorder barely extends above 20 km. The tape head for CO appears to be close to 360K near the same location as the water vapor tape head [Read et al, 20041. Both tape heads are below the equatorial cold point tropopause but above the base of the tropical tropopause layer. The tape recorder signal becomes more distinct from 360K to 380K suggesting that convective detrainment of plays a decreasingly important role with altitude. The Global Modeling Initiative chemical transport model forced by the climatology of biomass burning reproduces the CO tape recorder.

  1. Tape transport mechanism

    DOEpatents

    Groh, Edward F.; McDowell, William; Modjeski, Norbert S.; Keefe, Donald J.; Groer, Peter

    1979-01-01

    A device is provided for transporting, in a stepwise manner, tape between a feed reel and takeup reel. An indexer moves across the normal path of the tape displacing it while the tape on the takeup reel side of the indexer is braked. After displacement, the takeup reel takes up the displaced tape while the tape on the feed reel side of the indexer is braked, providing stepwise tape transport in precise intervals determined by the amount of displacement caused by the indexer.

  2. A third-order class-D amplifier with and without ripple compensation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cox, Stephen M.; du Toit Mouton, H.

    2018-06-01

    We analyse the nonlinear behaviour of a third-order class-D amplifier, and demonstrate the remarkable effectiveness of the recently introduced ripple compensation (RC) technique in reducing the audio distortion of the device. The amplifier converts an input audio signal to a high-frequency train of rectangular pulses, whose widths are modulated according to the input signal (pulse-width modulation) and employs negative feedback. After determining the steady-state operating point for constant input and calculating its stability, we derive a small-signal model (SSM), which yields in closed form the transfer function relating (infinitesimal) input and output disturbances. This SSM shows how the RC technique is able to linearise the small-signal response of the device. We extend this SSM through a fully nonlinear perturbation calculation of the dynamics of the amplifier, based on the disparity in time scales between the pulse train and the audio signal. We obtain the nonlinear response of the amplifier to a general audio signal, avoiding the linearisation inherent in the SSM; we thereby more precisely quantify the reduction in distortion achieved through RC. Finally, simulations corroborate our theoretical predictions and illustrate the dramatic deterioration in performance that occurs when the amplifier is operated in an unstable regime. The perturbation calculation is rather general, and may be adapted to quantify the way in which other nonlinear negative-feedback pulse-modulated devices track a time-varying input signal that slowly modulates the system parameters.

  3. FGGE/ERBZ tape specification and shipping letter description

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Han, D.; Lo, H.

    1983-01-01

    The FGGE/ERBZ tape contains 5 parameters which are extracted and reformatted from the Nimbus-7 ERB Zonal Means Tape. There are three types of files on a FGGE/ERBZ tape: a tape header file, and data files. Physical characteristics, gross format, and file specifications are given. A sample tape check/document printout (shipping letter) is included.

  4. Sound reproduction in personal audio systems using the least-squares approach with acoustic contrast control constraint.

    PubMed

    Cai, Yefeng; Wu, Ming; Yang, Jun

    2014-02-01

    This paper describes a method for focusing the reproduced sound in the bright zone without disturbing other people in the dark zone in personal audio systems. The proposed method combines the least-squares and acoustic contrast criteria. A constrained parameter is introduced to tune the balance between two performance indices, namely, the acoustic contrast and the spatial average error. An efficient implementation of this method using convex optimization is presented. Offline simulations and real-time experiments using a linear loudspeaker array are conducted to evaluate the performance of the presented method. Results show that compared with the traditional acoustic contrast control method, the proposed method can improve the flatness of response in the bright zone by sacrificing the level of acoustic contrast.

  5. Applying Spatial Audio to Human Interfaces: 25 Years of NASA Experience

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Begault, Durand R.; Wenzel, Elizabeth M.; Godfrey, Martine; Miller, Joel D.; Anderson, Mark R.

    2010-01-01

    From the perspective of human factors engineering, the inclusion of spatial audio within a human-machine interface is advantageous from several perspectives. Demonstrated benefits include the ability to monitor multiple streams of speech and non-speech warning tones using a cocktail party advantage, and for aurally-guided visual search. Other potential benefits include the spatial coordination and interaction of multimodal events, and evaluation of new communication technologies and alerting systems using virtual simulation. Many of these technologies were developed at NASA Ames Research Center, beginning in 1985. This paper reviews examples and describes the advantages of spatial sound in NASA-related technologies, including space operations, aeronautics, and search and rescue. The work has involved hardware and software development as well as basic and applied research.

  6. Conductive sub-layer of twisted-tape-induced swirl-flow heat transfer in vertical circular tubes with various twisted-tape inserts

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hata, K.; Fukuda, K.; Masuzaki, S.

    2018-04-01

    Twisted-tape-induced swirl-flow heat transfer due to exponentially increasing heat inputs with various exponential periods ( Q = Q 0 exp(t/τ), τ = 6.04 to 23.07 s) and twisted-tape-induced pressure drop was systematically measured for various mass velocities ( G = 4115 to 13,656 kg/m2 s), inlet liquid temperatures ( T in = 285.88 to 299.09 K), and inlet pressures ( P in = 847.45 to 943.29 kPa) using an experimental water loop flow. Measurements were made over a 59.2-mm effective length and three sections (upper, middle, and lower positions), within which four potential taps were spot-welded onto the outer surface of a 6-mm-inner-diameter, 69.6-mm-heated length, 0.4-mm-thickness platinum circular test tube. Type SUS304 twisted tapes with a width w = 5.6 mm, a thickness δ T = 0.6 mm, a total length l = 372 mm, and twist ratios y = 2.39 and 4.45 were employed in this study. The RANS equations (Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Simulation) with a k-ɛ turbulence model for a circular tube 6 mm in diameter and 636 mm in length were numerically solved for heating of water with a heated section 6 mm in diameter and 70 mm in length using the CFD code, under the same conditions as the experimental ones and considering the temperature dependence of the thermo-physical properties concerned. The theoretical values of surface heat flux q on the circular tubes with twisted tapes with twist ratios y of 2.39 and 4.45 were found to be almost in agreement with the corresponding experimental values of heat flux q, with deviations of less than 30% for the range of temperature difference between the average heater inner surface temperature and the liquid bulk mean temperature ΔT L [ = T s,av - T L , T L = ( T in + T out )/2] considered in this study. The theoretical values of the local surface temperature T s , local average liquid temperature T f,av , and local liquid pressure drop ΔP x were found to be within almost 15% of the corresponding experimental ones. The thickness of the conductive sub-layer δ CSL and the nondimensional thickness of the conductive sub-layer y + CSL on the circular tubes with various twisted-tape inserts were determined on the basis of numerical solutions for the swirl velocities u sw ranging from 5.23 to 21.18 m/s. Correlations between the conductive sub-layer thickness δ CSL and the nondimensional thickness of the conductive sub-layer y + CSL for twisted-tape-induced swirl-flow heat transfer in a vertical circular tube were derived.

  7. Influence of TVT properties on outcomes of midurethral sling procedures: high-stiffness versus low-stiffness tape.

    PubMed

    Prien-Larsen, Jens Christian; Prien-Larsen, Thomas; Cieslak, Lars; Dessau, Ram B

    2016-07-01

    Although there is clear consensus on the use of monofilament polypropylene tapes for treating stress urinary incontinence (SUI), tapes differ in weight, stiffness, and elasticity. In this study, we compared outcomes of two tape types: high-stiffness Intramesh SOFT L.I.F.T versus low-stiffness Intramesh L.I.F.T. tape. Our null hypothesis was that in terms of performance, SOFT tape equaled L.I.F.T. tape. Six hundred and sixty women underwent prospective transvaginal tape (TVT) surgery for SUI: 210 had the SOFT tape placed and 450 the L.I.F.T. tape. Follow-ups were scheduled at 3 and 12 months. Objective cure at 3-months' follow-up was 87 % in the SOFT group vs 94 % in the L.I.F.T. group (p = 0.003) and at 12 months 86 vs 96 % (p = 0.0004), respectively. Subjective outcomes were equal. For SOFT tape, the objective failure rate at 3 months was especially pronounced in women older than 70 years: 31 vs 10 % (p = 0.008), and subjective failure was 24 vs 7 % (p = 0.01). At 12 months, objective failure for the SOFT tape was significantly higher in both age groups compared with L.I.F.T. [odds ratio (OR) 2.17]. Multivariate analysis showed that body mass index (BMI) ≥30 (OR 2.41), mixed incontinence (MUI) (OR 2.24), use of SOFT tape (OR 2.17), and age ≥ 70 years are significant independent risk factors for surgical failure. Outcomes with SOFT tape are significantly inferior than with L.I.F.T. tape, especially among elderly women. Therefore, the two variants of monofilament polypropylene tape are not interchangeable.

  8. The Broselow and Handtevy Resuscitation Tapes: A Comparison of the Performance of Pediatric Weight Prediction.

    PubMed

    Lowe, Calvin G; Campwala, Rashida T; Ziv, Nurit; Wang, Vincent J

    2016-08-01

    To assess the performance of two pediatric length-based tapes (Broselow and Handtevy) in predicting actual weights of US children. In this descriptive study, weights and lengths of children (newborn through 13 years of age) were extracted from the 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Using the measured length ranges for each tape and the NHANES-extracted length data, every case from the study sample was coded into Broselow and Handtevy zones. Mean weights were calculated for each zone and compared to the predicted Broselow and Handtevy weights using measures of bias, precision, and accuracy. A sub-sample was examined that excluded cases with body mass index (BMI)≥95th percentile. Weights of children longer than each tape also were examined. A total of 3,018 cases from the NHANES database met criteria. Although both tapes underestimated children's weight, the Broselow tape outperformed the Handtevy tape across most length ranges in measures of bias, precision, and accuracy of predicted weights relative to actual weights. Accuracy was higher in the Broselow tape for shorter children and in the Handtevy tape for taller children. Among the sub-sample with cases of BMI≥95th percentile removed, performance of the Handtevy tape improved, yet the Broselow tape still performed better. When assessing the weights of children who were longer than either tape, the actual mean weights did not approximate adult weights; although, those exceeding the Handtevy tape were closer. For pediatric weight estimation, the Broselow tape performed better overall than the Handtevy tape and more closely approximated actual weight. Lowe CG , Campwala RT , Ziv N , Wang VJ . The Broselow and Handtevy resuscitation tapes: a comparison of the performance of pediatric weight prediction. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2016;31(4):364-375.

  9. Analysis of the economics of photovoltaic-diesel-battery energy systems for remote applications

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Brainard, W. A.

    1983-01-01

    Computer simulations were conducted to analyze the performance and operating cost of a photovoltaic energy source combined with a diesel generator system and battery storage. The simulations were based on the load demand profiles used for the design of an all photovoltaic energy system installed in the remote Papago Indian Village of Schuchuli, Arizona. Twenty year simulations were run using solar insolation data from Phoenix SOLMET tapes. Total energy produced, energy consumed, operation and maintenance costs were calculated. The life cycle and levelized energy costs were determined for a variety of system configurations (i.e., varying amounts of photovoltaic array and battery storage).

  10. Effects of a paraspinal-lumbar tape application during 7 days on the perceived area of tape contact.

    PubMed

    Funk, Stefan; Finke, Roy; Zeh, Stefan; Siebert, Tobias; Puta, Christian

    2017-05-01

    The study aimed to investigate the changes of the perceived area of tape contact during a lumbar tape application that lasted 7 days. Single group, repeated measures study. University research laboratory. Twenty-three healthy collegiate students in sports science. Perceived area of tape contact was collected by preparing a drawing of their individual perceived tape outline into a printed body image. Measurements were obtained immediately after fixation of the tape (day 0), at day 3 and day 7 during application and 5 min after the release of the application (day 7). There was no significant change of the perceived area of tape contact after 3 days of tape application. A significant decrease in the perceived area of tape contact was detected 7 days after application (p < 0.05) and after detaching the tape (p < 0.01) compared to the first measurement. Our results indicate that the perception of the area of tape contact of healthy sport students is decreased at 7 days. This effect could not be observed at 3 days. These results provide relevant information for the use of elastic tapes concerning the duration of application in medical therapy. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  11. 40 CFR 1066.225 - Roll runout and diameter verification procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... section. (2) Measure roll diameter using a Pi Tape®. Orient the Pi Tape® to the marker line at the desired measurement location with the Pi Tape® hook pointed outward. Temporarily secure the Pi Tape® to the roll near the hook end with adhesive tape. Slowly turn the roll, wrapping the Pi Tape® around the roll surface...

  12. 40 CFR 1066.225 - Roll runout and diameter verification procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ...) Measure roll diameter using a Pi Tape®. Orient the Pi Tape® to the marker line at the desired measurement location with the Pi Tape® hook pointed outward. Temporarily secure the Pi Tape® to the roll near the hook end with adhesive tape. Slowly turn the roll, wrapping the Pi Tape® around the roll surface. Ensure...

  13. 40 CFR 1066.225 - Roll runout and diameter verification procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... section. (2) Measure roll diameter using a Pi Tape®. Orient the Pi Tape® to the marker line at the desired measurement location with the Pi Tape® hook pointed outward. Temporarily secure the Pi Tape® to the roll near the hook end with adhesive tape. Slowly turn the roll, wrapping the Pi Tape® around the roll surface...

  14. FGGE/ERBM tape specification and shipping letter description

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Han, D.; Lo, H.

    1983-01-01

    The Nimbus-7 FGGE/ERBM tape contains 27 ERB parameters which are extracted and reformatted from the Nimbus-7 ERB-MATRIX tape. There are four types of files on a FGGE/ERBM tape: a test file; tape-header file which describes the data set characteristics and the contents of the tape; a grid-descriptor file which contains the information of the ERB scanning channel target number and their associated latitude limits and longitude intervals; and one or more data files. A single end-of-file (EOF) tape mark is written after each file, and two EOF marks are written after the last data file on the tape.

  15. The Effects of Rigid Scapular Taping on the Subacromial Space in Athletes With and Without Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: A Randomized-Controlled Study.

    PubMed

    Leong, Hio Teng; Fu, Siu Ngor

    2018-02-21

    Reduction of the subacromial space (SAS) during arm elevation may contribute to rotator cuff tendinopathy. The effects of scapular taping on the SAS in athletes with and without RC tendinopathy is unknown. To investigate the immediate effects of scapular taping on the SAS in athletes with and without RC tendinopathy. Randomized-controlled with repeated measures. University laboratory. Forty-three male volleyball players (17 asymptomatic and 26 with RC tendinopathy, mean age = 22.9±3.5 years) participated in the study. Three scapular taping protocols - no taping (control), taping with tension (therapeutic taping) and taping without tension (sham taping). Ultrasound measurements of the SAS with the arm at 0° and 60° of shoulder abduction, and the change in the SAS between 0° and 60° of shoulder abduction (SAS 0°-60° ) were calculated. Athletes with RC tendinopathy demonstrated larger SAS with therapeutic taping at 60° of shoulder abduction (6.9±1.9 mm vs. 5.8±1.7 mm, mean difference = 1.1 mm, 95% CI = -1.80 - -0.39, p=0.002) when compared to the no taping condition. The tendinopathy group also showed less reduction in the SAS with therapeutic taping during SAS 0°-60° (2.0±1.4 mm vs. 2.8±1.4 mm, p=0.023) when compared to the no taping condition. When tape was applied to the scapula in asymptomatic athletes, our results showed a relatively small increase in the SAS with therapeutic taping during arm resting at 0° of abduction when compared to the no taping condition (8.7±0.9 mm vs. 8.3±0.8 mm, mean difference = 0.4 mm, 95% CI = -0.71 - -0.11, p=0.008). Athletes with RC tendinopathy demonstrated less reduction of the SAS with rigid scapular taping during early arm abduction. Such observation was not evidenced in asymptomatic athletes.

  16. Integration of visual and motion cues for simulator requirements and ride quality investigation. [computerized simulation of aircraft landing, visual perception of aircraft pilots

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Young, L. R.

    1975-01-01

    Preliminary tests and evaluation are presented of pilot performance during landing (flight paths) using computer generated images (video tapes). Psychophysiological factors affecting pilot visual perception were measured. A turning flight maneuver (pitch and roll) was specifically studied using a training device, and the scaling laws involved were determined. Also presented are medical studies (abstracts) on human response to gravity variations without visual cues, acceleration stimuli effects on the semicircular canals, and neurons affecting eye movements, and vestibular tests.

  17. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Amerio, S.; Behari, S.; Boyd, J.

    The Fermilab Tevatron collider's data-taking run ended in September 2011, yielding a dataset with rich scientific potential. The CDF and D0 experiments each have approximately 9 PB of collider and simulated data stored on tape. A large computing infrastructure consisting of tape storage, disk cache, and distributed grid computing for physics analysis with the Tevatron data is present at Fermilab. The Fermilab Run II data preservation project intends to keep this analysis capability sustained through the year 2020 and beyond. To achieve this goal, we have implemented a system that utilizes virtualization, automated validation, and migration to new standards inmore » both software and data storage technology and leverages resources available from currently-running experiments at Fermilab. Lastly, these efforts have also provided useful lessons in ensuring long-term data access for numerous experiments, and enable high-quality scientific output for years to come.« less

  18. Development of sensitized pick coal interface detector system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Burchill, R. F.

    1982-01-01

    One approach for detection of the coal interface is measurement of pick cutting loads and shock through the use of pick strain gage load cells and accelerometers. The cutting drum of a long wall mining machine contains a number of cutting picks. In order to measure pick loads and shocks, one pick was instrumented and telemetry used to transmit the signals from the drum to an instrument-type tape recorder. A data system using FM telemetry was designed to transfer cutting bit load and shock information from the drum of a longwall shearer coal mining machine to a chassis mounted data recorder. The design of components in the test data system were finalized, the required instruments were assembled, the instrument system was evaluated in an above-ground simulation test, and an underground test series to obtain tape recorded sensor data was conducted.

  19. Data preservation at the Fermilab Tevatron

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Amerio, S.; Behari, S.; Boyd, J.; Brochmann, M.; Culbertson, R.; Diesburg, M.; Freeman, J.; Garren, L.; Greenlee, H.; Herner, K.; Illingworth, R.; Jayatilaka, B.; Jonckheere, A.; Li, Q.; Naymola, S.; Oleynik, G.; Sakumoto, W.; Varnes, E.; Vellidis, C.; Watts, G.; White, S.

    2017-04-01

    The Fermilab Tevatron collider's data-taking run ended in September 2011, yielding a dataset with rich scientific potential. The CDF and D0 experiments each have approximately 9 PB of collider and simulated data stored on tape. A large computing infrastructure consisting of tape storage, disk cache, and distributed grid computing for physics analysis with the Tevatron data is present at Fermilab. The Fermilab Run II data preservation project intends to keep this analysis capability sustained through the year 2020 and beyond. To achieve this goal, we have implemented a system that utilizes virtualization, automated validation, and migration to new standards in both software and data storage technology and leverages resources available from currently-running experiments at Fermilab. These efforts have also provided useful lessons in ensuring long-term data access for numerous experiments, and enable high-quality scientific output for years to come.

  20. Hygroscopic properties of magnetic recording tape

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Cuddihy, E. F.

    1976-01-01

    Relative humidity has been recognized as an important environmental factor in many head-tape interface phenomena such as headwear, friction, staining, and tape shed. Accordingly, the relative humidity is usually specified in many applications of tape use, especially when tape recorders are enclosed in hermetically sealed cases. Normally, the relative humidity is believed regulated by humidification of the fill gas to the specification relative humidity. This study demonstrates that the internal relative humidity in a sealed case is completely controlled by the time-dpendence of the hygroscopic properties of the pack of magnetic recording tape. Differences are found in the hygroscopic properties of the same brand of tape, which apparently result from aging, and which may have an effect on the long-term humidity-regulating behavior in a sealed case, and on the occurrence of head-tape interface phenomena from the long-term use of the tape. Results are presented on the basic hygroscopic properties of magnetic tape, its humidity-regulating behavior in a sealed case, and a theoretical commentary on the relative humidity dependence of head-wear by tape, is included.

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